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Ab Gach

Langar

CHINA

PAKISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

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122 123 124 219 220 221 222 223 224 319 320 321

213 214 215 216 217 218 313 314 315

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70°E 71°E 72°E

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AGCHO 1:250,000-scale quadrangle

USGS/AGS 1:250,000-scale quadrangle

INDEX MAP EXPLANATION

3468

509

DATA SUMMARY

This map was produced from several larger digital datasets. Topography was derived from 

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 85-meter digital data. Gaps in the original dataset 

were filled with data digitized from contours on 1:200,000-scale Soviet General Staff Sheets 

(1978–1997). Contours were generated by cubic convolution averaged over four pixels using 

TNTmips1 surface-modeling capabilities. Cultural data were extracted from files downloaded 

from the Afghanistan Information Management Service (AIMS) Web site (http://www.aims. 

org.af). The AIMS files were originally derived from maps produced by the Afghanistan Geodesy and Cartography Head Office (AGCHO). Geologic data and the international boundary of 

Afghanistan were taken directly from Abdullah and Chmyriov (1977).

It is the primary intent of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to present the geologic data in 

a useful format while making them publicly available. These data represent the state of geologic 

mapping in Afghanistan as of 2005, although the original map was released in the late 1970s 

(Abdullah and Chmyriov, 1977). The USGS has made no attempt to modify original geologic 

map-unit boundaries and faults; however, modifications to map-unit symbology, and minor 

modifications to map-unit descriptions, have been made to clarify lithostratigraphy and to 

modernize terminology. The generation of a Correlation of Map Units (CMU) diagram required 

interpretation of the original data, because no CMU diagram was presented by Abdullah and 

Chmyriov (1977).

This map is part of a series that includes a geologic map, a topographic map, a Landsat 

natural-color-image map, and a Landsat false-color-image map for the USGS/AGS (Afghan 

Geological Survey) quadrangles shown on the index map. The maps for any given quadrangle 

have the same open-file number but a different letter suffix, namely, -A, -B, -C, and -D for the 

geologic, topographic, Landsat natural-color, and Landsat false-color maps, respectively. The 

present map series is to be followed by a second series, in which the geology is reinterpreted on 

the basis of analysis of remote-sensing data, limited fieldwork, and library research. The second 

series is to be produced by the USGS in cooperation with the AGS and AGCHO.

REFERENCE CITED

Abdullah, Sh., and Chmyriov, V.M., eds., 1977, Map of mineral resources of Afghanistan: 

Kabul, Ministry of Mines and Industries of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, Department of Geological and Mineral Survey, V/O “Technoexport” USSR, scale 1:500,000.

1

Geospatial analysis software developed by MicroImages, Inc., Lincoln, NE 68508-2010.

 EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS

Contact

Fault—Dashed where approximately located; dotted where concealed

Lake

DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS

Conglomerate and sandstone (Holocene and late Pleistocene)—Alluvium: 

shingly and detrital sediments, gravel, sand more abundant than silt and clay

Till (middle Pleistocene)—Till: conglomerate, shingly sediments, gravel, sand, 

siltstone, breccia

Till (early Pleistocene)—Till: conglomerate, shingly sediments, gravel, sand, 

siltstone, breccia

Conglomerate and sandstone (Pliocene)—Gray conglomerate, grit, sandstone 

more abundant than siltstone, clay, limestone, marl; gypsum, salt; acid to mafic 

volcanic rocks

Sandstone and siltstone (Oligocene)—Sandstone, siltstone more abundant than 

clay, conglomerate, limestone, marl; acid and mafic volcanic rocks

Granodiorite and granosyenite (Oligocene)—Granodiorite, alaskite, 

granosyenite more abundant than granite (Phase II)

Andesite lava (Oligocene and Eocene)—Basaltic andesite, basalt, trachyte, 

dacite, rhyolite, ignimbrite, tuff; conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, limestone

Granodiorite and granite (Early Cretaceous)—Granodiorite, granite

Sandstone and siltstone (Middle and Early Jurassic)—Limestone, marl, 

sandstone, shale, siltstone

Siltstone and sandstone (Late Triassic (Rhaetian and Norian))—Siltstone, 

sandstone more abundant than shale, conglomerate

Limestone and chert (Late Triassic (Carnian) and Permian)—Limestone, 

marl, chert more abundant than sandstone, shale, siltstone

Granodiorite and granite (Early Triassic)—Granodiorite, granite (Phase I-II) 

Siltstone and sandstone (Early Permian)—Limestone

Sandstone and siltstone (Early Permian and Carboniferous)—Sandstone and 

siltstone more abundant than slate, andesite to basalt volcanic rocks

Limestone (Late Carboniferous)—Limestone more abundant than slate, 

sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone, andesite to basalt volcanic rocks

Sandstone (Early Carboniferous (Namurian))—Sandstone, siltstone, shale

Limestone (Early Carboniferous (Visean and late Tournaisian))—Limestone 

more abundant than slate, sandstone, mudstone, conglomerate

Rhyolite to andesite (Early Carboniferous (early Tournaisian))—Rhyolite to 

andesite (greenstone altered) more abundant than sandstone, shale, siltstone

Sandstone and siltstone (Late Devonian)—Sandstone and siltstone more 

abundant than limestone

Limestone and dolomite (Middle and Early Devonian)—Limestone and 

dolomite more abundant than sandstone, siltstone

Sandstone and siltstone (Silurian)—Sandstone, siltstone, shale

Sandstone and siltstone (Ordovician)—Limestone, sandstone, siltstone

Gneiss (Paleoproterozoic)—Two-mica, biotite, biotite-amphibole, garnet-biotite, 

and plagioclase gneiss; migmatite, quartzite, marble, amphibolite

Gneiss (Neoarchean)—Biotite, garnet-biotite, sillimanite-biotite, amphibole, and 

biotite-amphibole gneiss; amphibolite

SEDIMENTARY VOLCANIC/MIXED INTRUSIVE METAMORPHIC

NEOARCHEAN

DEVONIAN

CARBONIFEROUS

PERMIAN

JURASSIC

TRIASSIC

CRETACEOUS

PALEOGENE

NEOGENE 

QUATERNARY

SILURIAN

ORDOVICIAN

PALEOPROTEROZOIC

CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS

SCALE 1:250 000

CONTOUR INTERVAL 250 METERS

5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 KILOMETERS

5 0 5 10 15 20 MILES

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

MINISTRY OF M INES AND INDUSTRIES

THE HEAD OFFIC E OF GEODESY & CARTOGRAPHY

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

USGS OPEN-FILE REPORT 2005-1097-A

AGS OPEN-FILE REPORT (313/314/315/319/320/321) 2005-1097-A

USGS Afghanistan Project Product No. 018

GEOLOGIC MAP OF QUADRANGLES 3772, 3774, 3672, AND 3674, GAZ-KHAN (313), SARHAD (314), KOL-I-CHAQMAQTIN (315), 

KHANDUD (319), DEH-GHULAMAN (320), AND ERTFAH (321) QUADRANGLES, AFGHANISTAN

Compiled by

Charles R. Lindsay

2005 

Base from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 

85-meter digital data

Cultural data from digital files from AIMS Web site 

(http://www.aims.org.af)

Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 43, WGS 

84 Datum

Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive 

purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. 

Government.

AFGHAN GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey and the Afghanistan Geodesy and Cartography Head Office

Under the auspices of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency

37° 30'

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36° 30' 75° 00'

45'

37° 00'

15'

45'

37° 00'

15'

15' 30' 45' 73° 00' 15' 30' 45' 74° 00' 15' 30' 45'

15' 30' 45' 73° 00' 15' 30' 45' 74° 00' 15' 30' 45'