Forest 

Service

California’s Forest Resources:

Forest Inventory and Analysis, 

2001–2010

DEPAR TMENT OF AGRICULT URE

United States Department of Agriculture

Pacific Northwest 

Research Station

General Technical Report

PNW-GTR-913

February

2016
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Technical Editors

Glenn A. Christensen is a forester, Karen L. Waddell is a forester, Sharon M. 

Stanton is an ecologist, and Olaf Kuegler is a mathematical statistician, U. S. 

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 

Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 620 SW Main Street, Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205.

Contributing Authors

Joel Thompson is a forestry technician, John Chase is a geographic information 

system specialist, Jeremy Fried is a research forester, and Sarah Jovan is a 

research ecologist, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 620 SW Main Street, Suite 400, 

Portland, OR 97205. Andrew Gray is a research ecologist, Forestry Sciences 

Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331.

Cover: Siskiyou Mountains at sunrise, with Preston Peak on the horizon (elevation 

7,313 feet, the highest point in this range). Photo by Gerad Dean.
California’s Forest Resources:

Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Glenn A. Christensen, 

Karen L. Waddell, 

Sharon M. Stanton, 

Olaf Kuegler, 

Technical Editors

U.S. Department of Agriculture

Forest Service

Pacific Northwest Research Station

Portland, Oregon

General Technical Report PNW-GTR-913

February 2016

Abstract

Christensen, Glenn A.; Waddell, Karen L.; Stanton, Sharon M.; Kuegler, Olaf, tech.

eds. 2015. California’s forest resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010. 

Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-913. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest 

Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 293 p.

This report highlights key findings from the most recent (2001–2010) data collected by 

the Forest Inventory and Analysis program across all forest land in California, updating 

previously published findings from data collected from 2001 through 2005 (Christensen 

et al. 2008). We summarize and interpret basic resource information such as forest area, 

ownership, volume, biomass, and carbon stocks; forest structure and function topics such as 

biodiversity, forest age, and dead wood; disturbance information such as tree damage, fire, 

and invasive plants; and tree growth, mortality, and removals for timber products. Consistent 

sampling across different ownerships and forest management regimes now allow comparisons. The appendices provide details on inventory methods and design and include summary 

tables of data, with statistical error, for the suite of forest characteristics inventoried. 

Keywords: Biomass, carbon, dead wood, fire, forest land, insects, invasive plants, 

inventory, timber volume, timberland, California.
Contents

1 What Is the Purpose of This Report?

2 What Is Forest Inventory and Analysis?

2 Why Are California’s Forests Important?

5 Where Are California’s Forests? 

8 What Types of Forest Grow in California?

11 How Much Volume, Biomass, and Carbon Are Stored in California’s Forests?

16 How Old Are the Trees in California?

16 Who Owns California’s Forests?

23 National Woodland Owner Survey

24 How Much of California’s Forest Land Is Available for Harvest? 

27 Annual Tree Growth, Removals, and Mortality in California2

28 Privately Owned Timberland: Change Between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010

29 State And Local Government Timberland: Change Between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010

29 National Forest System (NFS) Forest Land: Change Between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010 

33 How Many Trees Show Signs of Damaging Agents?

35 What Types of Understory Vegetation Are Most Common in California’s Forests? 

37 What Nonnative Invasive Plants Are Found in California’s Forests? 

41	 How Has Fire Influenced California’s Forests?

43 How Productive Are California’s Forests? 

43 California’s Timberlands 

46 Nontimber Forest Product Species 

46 What Is the Extent of Dead Wood in California’s Forests?

50 Conclusion

51	 Common and Scientific Plant Names

56 Acknowledgments

56 Metric and English Equivalents

57 Literature Cited

59 Glossary

67 Appendix 1—Inventory Design and Methods

73 Appendix 2—Summary Data Tables
1

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

This report updates the previous California’s Forest 

Resources, 2001–2005: Five-Year Forest Inventory and 

Analysis Report (Christensen et al. 2008), summarizing 

and averaging the most recent inventory information that 

includes 100 percent of all FIA plots in the state. Therefore, 

these data are not independent from those published in the 

earlier report, but are a part of the same 10-year inventory 

estimate and should be treated as one full cycle of data. 

Statistical estimates of change in overall tree growth, 

removals, and mortality are provided in this report.

What Is the Purpose of This Report?

This report presents a summary of California’s forest 

resources across all ownerships and forest types. It highlights key forest characteristics, summarized from inventory field plots sampled across California over a period of 

10 years (2001 through 2010). Basic resource information 

includes forest area, ownership, land use, biomass, biodiversity, dead wood, and forest health issues.

Pacific Northwest Forest Inventory and Analysis 

(PNW-FIA) implemented an annual sampling strategy in 

California in 2001, measuring a systematic sample each 

year that represents 10 percent of all plots in the state. 

Monterey County, California.

J. Feinbeg
2

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

What Is Forest Inventory and Analysis?

The FIA program was created within the U.S. Department 

of Agriculture, Forest Service in 1928 to conduct unbiased 

assessments of all the Nation’s forested lands for use in 

economic and forest management planning. The program 

was charged with collecting forest data on a series of 

permanent field plots, compiling and making data available, 

and providing research and interpretations from those 

data. Four FIA units are responsible for inventories of all 

forested lands in the continental United States, Alaska, 

Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, Palau, the 

U.S. Virgin Islands, and Pacific Island groups including 

the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, and 

Northern Mariana Islands. 

Starting in 2000, as required by the Agricultural 

Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 

(the Farm Bill), FIA implemented a new standardized 

national inventory method in which a portion of all plots in 

each state were measured each year. Appendix 1 explains 

the differences between the previous and current inventory 

methods. The effect of the change is that, for the first time 

in 70 years, all FIA units are using a common plot design, a 

common set of measurement protocols, and a standard database design for compilation and distribution of data. Under 

this unified approach, FIA now provides unbiased estimates 

of a wide variety of forest conditions over all forested lands 

in the United States in a consistent and timely manner. 

This report covers all forested lands in California, with 

estimates representing averaged values for all inventory 

plots visited by field crews between 2001 and 2010 (figs. 1 

and 2). The base set of field plots is spaced at about 3-mile 

intervals on a hexagonal grid, spanning both publicly and 

privately owned forests, and including lands reserved from 

industrial wood production (e.g., national parks, wilderness 

areas, and natural areas). The annual inventory involves a 

cycle of measurements for 10 systematic subsamples, each 

representing about 10 percent of the approximately 6,000 

forest land plots in California (figs. 3 and 4). Additional 

information about annual inventories is available in appendix 1 of this report and at http://fia.fs.fed.us/.

Why Are California’s Forests Important?

Californians derive a variety of economic, ecological, and 

social benefits from the state’s forests. Historically, the 

state’s economy was based largely upon natural resources, 

and today forests and timber still play a key role in California’s economy and culture. Since statehood, California has 

ranked as high as second for softwood lumber production in 

the Nation, along with Oregon and Washington (Morgan et 

al. 2012). The industry has gone through significant changes 

such as private forests shifting from old-growth to second-growth forest management, and a decline in harvests 

from federal timberlands by as much as 75 percent during 

the 1990s. Currently, the industry is experiencing a rise in 

wood harvested as biomass for energy production. Biomass 

power plants generate electricity by burning wood waste 

from sawmills and logging operations. California’s forests 

also provide many nontimber forest products (NTFPs) and 

financial benefits to the state from ecosystem services such 

as the regulation of water quality and quantity, carbon 

sequestration, and soil creation and retention.

Ecological benefits of the structure and function of 

forested ecosystems include providing habitat for plants 

and animals such as fish by filtering runoff to streams, 

providing shade that helps control water temperatures, 

and contributing to the food web. Forested ecosystems 

also increase water absorption and retention of soils, and 

complete nutrient cycling.

There are also less tangible social benefits that can be 

more difficult to quantify. Forests are often the location for 

recreational, cultural, and spiritual activities. California is 

home to some of the Nation’s most treasured national forests 

and internationally known national parks including Yosemite, Redwood, and Sequoia and Kings Canyon (fig. 5). In 

2013, the state’s 26 national parks were visited by over 35 

million people and contributed over $1.5 billion in economic benefit from tourism in 2012 (NPS 2014). West coast 

culture values the natural world, and people living there 

tend to have strong cultural and spiritual values concerning 

forested communities. Many of those living in the Western 

States consider outdoor recreation an important part of their 

lifestyle and enjoy significantly greater access to publically 

managed forests than in other regions of the United States. 
3

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

0 50 100 25

Miles

.

Forest Plots

Forest

Nonforest

Water

Counties

Figure 1—Forested plots measured between 2001 and 2010 provide the data used in this report. Locations are approximate (forest/

nonforest geographic information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008).

J. Thompson
4

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Figure 2—Forest Inventory and Analysis field crews take a wide variety of measurements on each plot visited. 

Figure 3—Example of the hexagonal grid that serves as the foundation of field plot assignment, with the 

cells shaded by which one of the 10 annual measurement panels it belongs to, magnified for Tehama County, 

California. All plots in one panel are sampled in 1 year. 

J. Carson D. Weyermann
5

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Where Are California’s Forests? 

Almost a third of California is forested. The total land area 

is about 100 million acres, with 33 million forested acres. 

Forest land is defined as land that is at least 10 percent 

stocked by forest trees of any size, or land formerly having 

such tree cover and not currently developed for a nonforest 

use (see “Glossary” for a detailed definition). Most of the 

forests are found in the mountainous areas such as the 

Klamath, Sierra Nevada, and Coast ranges, and in the cool, 

mesic fog belt along the state’s north and central coasts (fig. 

6). The Klamath Mountains ecosection has the highest percentage of forested land in the state (90 percent), followed 

by the Southern Cascades and Sierra Nevada ecosections, 

each being about 75 percent forested (figs. 7 and 8).

By county, Trinity has the most forest. Just over 90 percent of this county is forested. Alpine, Plumas, and Sierra 

Counties also rank highly, with over 80 percent of their land 

area covered by forest. 

Figure 4—Forest Inventory and Analysis field crews using equipment to accurately determine location of a plot for measurement. 

Figure 5—Yosemite National Park is just one of 26 national parks 

enjoyed by millions of visitors annually throughout the state.

B. Rifkin

Glenn Christensen
6

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Siskiyou Modoc

Del Norte

Humboldt

Trinity Lassen Shasta

Plumas

Tehama

Mendocino Butte Glenn Sierra

Yuba

Lake

Nevada

Colusa Placer

Sutter

El Dorado

Alpine

Yolo

Sonoma Napa

Mono

Sacramento Amador

Solano Calaveras

Marin Tuolumne

San Joaquin

Contra Costa

Stanislaus Mariposa

San Francisco

Alameda

Madera

San Mateo

Merced

Fresno

Inyo

Santa Clara

Santa Cruz

San Benito

Monterey

Tulare

Kings

San Bernardino

San Luis Obispo Kern

Santa Barbara

Ventura Los Angeles

Riverside

Orange

Imperial San Diego

.

0 50 100 25

Miles

Forest

Nonforest

Developed

Water

Counties

Figure 6—California land cover and counties (forest/nonforest geographic information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008; landcover 

layer: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium National Land Cover Dataset, Homer et al. 

2007; relief layer: USGS National Elevation Dataset, Gesch et al. 2002).

J. Chase
7

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Figure 7—California ecosections (ecosection geographic information system [GIS] layer: McNab et al. 2005; forest/nonforest GIS layer: 

Blackard et al. 2008).

J. Chase

Mojave 

Desert

Central

Valley

Sierra 

Nevada

Mono

Klamath 

Mountains

Modoc

Plateau

Southern 

Cascades

Sonoran 

Desert

Sierra 

Nevada 

Foothills

Central 

California 

Coast 

Ranges

Colorado 

Desert

Southern 

California 

Mountain 

and Valley

Northern 

California 

Coast

Central 

California 

Coast

Southern 

California 

Coast

Northern 

California 

Coast 

Ranges

Southeastern 

Great Basin

Northern 

California

Interior 

Coast 

Ranges

Northwestern 

Basin and 

Range

.

0 50 100 25

Miles

Forest

Nonforest

Water

Ecosections
8

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

What Types of Forest Grow in California?

The environment and vegetation along the Pacific coast are 

among the most diverse in North America, and California’s 

distinct combinations of climate, elevation, and soil types 

create a unique mix of ecoregions and forest types. Forest 

Inventory and Analysis field crews identified 86 tree species 

in California. About 58 percent of California’s forests are 

dominated by coniferous forest types—predominantly the 

California mixed-conifer group covering 7.8 million acres 

(24 percent of all forested land area), ponderosa pine covering 

2.2 million acres (7 percent), and other western softwoods 

groups covering about 2 million acres (6 percent) (fig. 9). A 

forest type group is a combination of forest types that share 

closely associated species and similar productivity characteristics. The mixed-conifer group may be composed of several 

western conifers including Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, sugar 

pine, Jeffrey pine, incense cedar, white fir, red fir, and other 

true fir species (see “Common and Scientific Plant Names”). 

Hardwood forest types cover an additional 13 million 

acres (40 percent of forested land area). The major hardwood 

forest types are western oak (9.5 million acres), tanoak/laurel (2 million acres), and other hardwoods (608,000 acres) 

(figs. 10 and 11). The remaining 2 percent of forested land 

is classified as nonstocked (less than 10 percent stocked by 

trees, see “Glossary” for detailed definition).

Figure 8—Counties in the northern part of the state have the majority of forested area such as Siskiyou County as shown here. 

S. Kraft
9

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Figure 9—Area of softwood forest type groups on forest land in California, 2001–2010. Soft

wood forest type grou

p

Area (thousand acres)

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000

California mixed conifer

Ponderosa pine

Other western softwoods

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock

Pinyon/juniper

Douglas-fir

Lodgepole pine

Redwood

Western white pine

Western hemlock/Sitka spruce

Area (thousand acres)

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000

Western oak

Tanoak/laurel

Other hardwoods

Woodland hardwoods

Alder/maple

Aspen/birch

Elm/ash/cottonwood

Exotic hardwoods

Hardwood forest type grou

p

Figure 10—Area of hardwood forest type groups on forest land in California, 2001–2010.
10

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Figure 11—An example of oak woodland forest type found in Fresno County. 

Gerad Dean
11

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

How Much Volume, Biomass, and Carbon 

Are Stored in California’s Forests?

The volume of wood in California’s forests is an indicator 

of forest productivity, vigor, and structure. Biomass, carbon 

storage, and capacity for production of wood products can 

all be estimated from current volume. California has about 

100 billion net cubic feet (465 billion Scribner board feet) of 

wood volume on forest land. 

The greatest proportion of wood volume is found in 

three softwood tree species groups—Douglas-fir, true firs, 

and pines—which collectively make up 65 percent of all 

live-tree volume on California forest land; the remaining 35 

percent is in softwood species such as redwood and incense 

cedar, or hardwood species such as oaks and tanoaks. 

The majority (55 percent) of live-tree volume is on Forest 

Service land, followed by individual private owners (18 

percent) and corporate (14 percent) owners (figs. 12 and 13). 

State and federal forest land tends to have more volume 

per acre, on average, than privately owned forest land. By 

diameter class, state and federal forests tend to accumulate a 

greater proportion of total volume in larger diameter classes 

while private ownerships tend to concentrate relatively more 

volume in smaller diameter classes (fig. 14). 

It is important to note that estimates of volume in standing 

dead trees are derived from gross cubic foot volume which, by 

definition and because it is calculated from total, not actual, 

height, includes rotten and form defect and missing bole 

volume. Missing volume in dead trees can be considerable. For 

example, for a previously harvested or broken topped tree for 

which a stump or snag remnant taller than 6 feet remains, the 

volume calculation uses estimated total height of an unharvested, unbroken tree. The resulting bias in dead tree volume 

estimates precludes meaningful comparison of standing dead 

and live tree volume, as live tree calculations use net volume 

which omits cull and missing portions of tree boles.

Forest biomass and carbon accumulate in live trees, 

snags, and down wood in a complex pattern across California (fig. 15). Biomass estimates from comprehensive 

forest inventories are essential for quantifying the amount 

and distribution of carbon stocks, evaluating sources of 

sustainable fuel, and tracking net primary productivity. 

Total estimated biomass in live trees and dead wood across 

California is 2.5 billion tons. Forest biomass represents the 

aboveground woody biomass of trees in tons per acre. This 

biomass is the accumulated oven-dry weight of the stem, 

bark, stump, top, and live woody branches. The biomass of 

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000

USDA Forest Service

Other federal

State and local

government

Corporate

Noncorporate

Net volume (million cubic feet)

Ownership group

Hardwoods

Softwoods

Figure 12—Net cubic volume of all live trees by ownership group on forest land in California, 2001–2010.
12

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Figure 13—Gross cubic volume of all dead trees by ownership group on forest land in California, 2001–2010.

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

USDA

Forest Service

Other federal

State and local

government

Corporate

Noncorporate

Gross volume (million cubic feet)

Ownership group

Hardwoods

Softwoods

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

5.0–8.9 9.0–20.9 21.0–32.9 >33.0

Net cubic foot volume (percent)

Diameter class (inches d.b.h.)

National forests

National parks

State and local

Corporate

Noncorporate private

Figure 14—Percentage of volume by diameter class and ownership group on forest land in California, 2001–2010.
13

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

foliage, cones, fruits, and roots was not calculated and is not 

included in this estimate of aboveground biomass. 

There is nearly 10 times as much biomass in live trees 

compared to dead trees. Over 2 billion tons of biomass and 

about 1 billion megagrams of carbon have accumulated in 

live trees ≥1 inch diameter at breast height (d.b.h.), primarily 

on unreserved forest land (fig. 16). The majority of this biomass (53 percent) is on land managed by the Forest Service. 

Reserved forest land, such as wilderness areas and national 

parks, contains about 22 percent of California’s live-tree 

biomass. Statewide, softwood forest types have more than 

double the amount of biomass and carbon as hardwood types.

Oaks are the most abundant tree species in California; 

however, Douglas-fir contributes the most to total live-tree 

biomass and carbon storage. The more than 461 million tons 

of Douglas-fir biomass represent about 209 million megagrams of carbon sequestered in live trees. Live biomass is 

heavily concentrated in large softwood trees (>21 inches 

d.b.h.). In contrast, most of the biomass in hardwood species 

is contained in smaller trees (5 to 17 inches d.b.h.).

Figure 15—Biomass and carbon accumulate in standing live trees as well as overall contributions from 

dead trees still standing or fallen to the forest floor. 

J.Terzibashian
14

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

.

0 50 100 25

Miles

Biomass

High > 250

Dry tons/acre

Low < 1

Land Cover

Nonforest

Developed

Water

Snow and ice

Figure 16—Estimated live-tree biomass (dry/tons per acre) in California, 2001–2010 (forest/nonforest geographic information system 

layer: Blackard et al. 2008; landcover layer: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Multi-Resolution Land Characteristiccs Consortium 

National Land Cover Dataset, Homer et al. 2007; relief layer: USGS National Elevation Dataset, Gesch et al. 2002). Forest biomass 

represents the aboveground woody biomass of trees in tons per acre. This biomass is the accumulated oven-dry weight of the stem, 

bark, stump, top, and live woody branches. The biomass of foliage, cones, fruits, and roots was not calculated and is not included in this 

estimate of aboveground biomass.

J. Chase
15

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Research Application—Accurate Forest Carbon Standards Prove Elusive1

Recent interest in obtaining accurate estimates of 

forest carbon stocks and stock change has been intense, 

driven in large part by forest carbon offset markets and 

those who trade in them. Measuring forest carbon flux 

as assessed by change in carbon stocks, relative to a 

baseline or “business as usual” scenario, is an oft-sought 

metric but is not yet standardized. For tracking flux 

at broad (state and regional) scales and for generating 

baseline reference values, comprehensive forest inventories like Forest Inventory and Analysis that are based on 

remeasured, permanent sample plots have the potential 

to provide the most accurate estimates. However, 

converting these measurements into carbon stock and 

flux introduces several distinct types of uncertainty: 

measurement, sampling, model, and model-selection 

error. Rigorous quality control can minimize measurement error, and large samples are the antidote to sampling error. Model error, the uncertainty not explained 

by the variables included in a model, can be accounted 

for when model creators provide error information, but 

model-selection error, which arises from the availability 

of multiple potentially suitable models, can introduce 

substantial bias (inaccuracy) and is not easily resolved.

Model-selection error arises from the need to 

estimate aboveground carbon stores for each tree by 

selecting from among what, for a common commercially 

important species like Douglas-fir, can be thousands 

of alternative computation pathways. Under the most 

optimistic scenario of a sensitivity analysis of live-tree 

carbon stores in northwest Oregon, model-selection 

error, defined as half the prediction range (56 to 119 

teragrams of carbon [Tg C]) expressed as a percentage 

of the prediction envelope midpoint, was 37 percent 

(Melson et al. 2011). When models are applied to tree 

measurements (e.g., height and diameter) that lie outside 

the range of data from which models were developed, 

which is all but unavoidable when seeking estimates 

for large trees or less common species, model-selection 

error can be far greater. Given that sampling error for the 

northwest Oregon analysis implied a 95 percent confidence interval of 6 percent, and that measurement error 

is consistently far smaller, model selection accounts for 

most of the uncertainty in live-tree carbon stores.

Despite these limitations, forest carbon estimates 

can be extremely helpful to understanding forest carbon 

dynamics and the net climate implications of forest 

management, disturbance, and utilization, for example. 

However, the accuracy and applicability of the carbon 

models available today are difficult to establish and, as 

such, these models are limited as tools for monetizing 

the impacts of carbon-offset projects. Potential exists 

for a model with substantial bias or significant errors to 

be selected from the mélange available, on a less than 

objective basis, to support a particular offset transaction. 

Citation

Melson, S.L.; Harmon, M.E.; Fried, J.S.; Domingo, 

J.B. 2011. Estimates of live-tree carbon stores in the 

Pacific Northwest are sensitive to model selection. 

Carbon Balance and Management 6(2). http://www.

treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/39998.

1 Author: Jeremy Fried.
16

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

How Old Are the Trees in California?

The FIA field crews estimate stand age from the average age 

of predominant overstory trees, derived from field counts of 

annual rings in increment cores. There are notable exceptions 

of older stands in the state (figs. 17 and 18), but overall the 

stand ages tend to be younger, with nearly half of the state’s 

forests being less than 80 years old (47 percent). Almost 75 

percent of the stands are less than 120 years old (fig. 19). Older 

stands are more commonly softwood forest types (fig. 20). 

Fifteen percent (4.3 million acres) of forest stands 

across California are older than 160 years, and about 9 

percent (2.5 million acres) are older than 200 years. California mixed-conifer stands older than 160 years account for 7 

percent of total forest acreage and 3 percent of the acreage 

in stands older than 200 years. The remaining combined 

forest types with stand ages in excess of 160 years make up 

10 percent of total forest area. The vast majority of older 

forests are California mixed-conifer on publicly owned land 

in national forests and national parks.

Western white pine forest types have a large proportion 

of their acreage in older stands: 62 percent of California’s 

white pine is older than 160 years, about 104,000 acres. 

Lodgepole pine forests also tend to be older, with 40 percent 

of these stands older than 160 years, about 404,000 acres. 

California mixed-conifer is the most common softwood 

forest type in terms of acreage, however only 21 percent 

of these forests are older than 160 years, about 1.6 million 

acres. Western oaks are the most common hardwood forest 

type by acreage, and only about 5 percent are older than 160 

years, about 323,000 acres (fig. 21). 

Who Owns California’s Forests?

Ownership has a strong influence on how forests are 

managed and used. Federal owners must consider multiple 

management objectives including water resources, wildlife, 

recreation, conservation, biological diversity, and wood 

products. Corporate and other private owners often focus on 

more specific outcomes, such as aesthetics, wood production, or real estate investment, within state and federal 

regulations and incentives.

Federal agencies such as the Forest Service, Bureau of 

Land Management (BLM), and the National Park Service 

(NPS) manage more than half the forested land in California, about 57 percent (fig. 22). Federal lands tend to be at 

higher elevations and contain older forests, and therefore 

contain bigger trees on less productive sites. About 3 

percent of federal forest land is considered highly productive, while 9 percent of private lands fall into that category. 

Federal lands comprise the vast majority of the 5.9 million 

acres of reserved forest lands (those withdrawn by law from 

production of wood products). 

Other publicly owned forest lands include state and 

county forests and those administered by other federal 

agencies, such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the 

Department of Defense, and the Department of Energy. 

California’s state-owned forest lands, managed by multiple 

agencies, encompass 730,000 acres. Forest lands managed by state and local governments (about 3 percent of 

California’s forests) include a considerable area of highly 

productive redwood forests, as well as a great proportion 

of low-productivity forests that are managed primarily 

for habitat and watershed protection objectives. About 10 

percent of the area is on high-productivity sites with about 

57 percent on low-productivity sites. 

Accounting for about 39 percent of the forested land, 

private ownership (corporate and noncorporate) is distributed throughout the state (figs. 23 and 24). Private owners 

include families, individuals, conservation and natural 

resource organizations, unincorporated partnerships, associations, clubs, corporations, and Native American tribes. 

Private lands tend to contain a higher proportion of productive land, and its forests tend to be in younger age classes. 

The vast majority of private owners (about 99 percent) own 

parcels of 500 acres or fewer, making up 40 percent of the 

area of privately owned forest land. 

Corporations manage 14 percent of California’s forests. 

Recently, some large, publicly owned timber companies 

reorganized into real estate investment trusts (REIT) and 

timberland investment management organizations (TIMO). 

The REITs directly own forest land, whereas TIMOs 

manage lands owned by investors. The REITs and TIMOs 

own forest land as investment vehicles that compete with 

and complement alternative investments; these entities may 

or may not own wood-processing facilities.
17

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

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0 50 100 25

Miles

.

*# California mixed conifer group

*# Douglas-fir group

*# Fir / spruce / mountain hemlock group

*# Lodgepole pine group

*# Pinyon / juniper woodland group

*# Ponderosa pine group

*# Redwood group

*# Western juniper group

*# Western white pine group

*# Other western softwoods group

Forest

Nonforest

Counties

Figure 17—Distribution of softwood stands >200 years old in California, 2001–2010 (forest/nonforest geographic information system 

layer: Blackard et al. 2008). 

J. Thompson
18

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

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0 50 100 25

Miles

.

*# Alder / maple group

*# Aspen / birch group

*# Elm / ash / cottonwood group

*# Tanoak / laurel group

*# Western oak group

*# Woodland hardwoods group

*# Other hardwoods group

Forest

Nonforest

Counties

Figure 18—Distribution of hardwood stands >200 years old in California, 2001–2010 (forest/nonforest geographic information system 

layer: Blackard et al. 2008).

J. Thompson
19

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1–40 41–80 81–120 121–160 161–200 200+

Total forest area (percent)

Stand age class (years)

Hardwoods

Softwoods

Figure 19—Percentage of forest area by stand age class for softwood and hardwood forest types in California, 2001–2010.

Figure 20—Endemic to California and closely related to bristlecone pine, the foxtail pine can exceed 1,000 years of age.

J. Feinberg
20

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750

California mixed conifer

Douglas-fir

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock

Lodgepole pine

Pinyon/juniper woodlands

Ponderosa pine

Redwood

Western juniper

Western white pine

Other western softwoods

Tanoak/laurel

Western oak

Woodland hardwoods

Other hardwoods

Forest land area (thousand acres)

Forest type group

Hardwoods

Softwoods

Figure 21—Total forest area by forest type group for stands 160+ and 200+ years old in California, 2001–2010.

National forests

47.5%

Bureau of Land Management (5.0%) 

National Park Service (4.3%) 

Other federal (0.6%)

State (2.2%)

Private 

corporate

13.8%

Private 

noncorporate

25.2%

County-municipal (1.2%)

Figure 22—Percentage of forest land by owner group in California, 2001–2010.
21

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Figure 23—About 39 percent of California’s forest land is owned by private individuals or corporations.

M. Gasser
22

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

0 50 100 25

Miles

.

U.S. Forest Service

Bureau of Land Management

National Park Service

Other Federal

State and local government

Private and tribal

Nonforest

Water

Counties

Figure 24—California forest ownership categories (forest/nonforest geographic information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008; 

ownership layer courtesy CAL FIRE).

J. Thompson
23

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

10–1920–4950–99100–199200–499500–9991,000–4,9995,000–9,99910,000+

Family-owned forests (percent)

Size class of holdings (acres)

Area

Number of owners

Figure 25—Percentage of area and percentage of number of family-owned forest holdings by size class in California, 2011–2013.

National Woodland Owner Survey

The National Woodland Owner Survey, a mail-in questionnaire-based survey conducted by FIA, provides some 

insight into private family forest owners and their concerns, 

current forest management, and future intentions (Butler et 

al. 2005). Between 2011 and 2013, there were 166 responses 

to these surveys in California. About 98 percent of family 

owners surveyed (those with ownerships at least 10 acres in 

size) own parcels of 500 acres or less, making up 61 percent 

of the area of family-owned forest land (fig. 25). About 5 

percent of the owners surveyed had written management 

plans. Wildfire ranked as the leading concern of respondents 

along with trespassing/poaching, passing the land intact 

to heirs, and property taxes. Of the 25 percent that had 

harvested trees within the last 5 years, the leading reason 

was to reduce fire hazard (38 percent). Reducing fire hazard 

was also the leading reason they will likely harvest trees in 

the next 5 years (31 percent). Family woodland owners are 

also concerned about invasive plants. Removing invasive 

plants was the second leading reason landowners would 

likely harvest trees in the next 5 years. Keeping forests as 

forests ranked high among small woodland owners. When 

asked if they would rather keep their woodland as forest or 

sell if offered a reasonable price, 70 percent of respondents 

indicated they would choose to keep their land as forest. 

The ownership survey revealed the following demographics 

for California family forest landowners:

• The majority of primary owners are male (80 percent).

• Diversity among primary owners is low (89 percent 

are Caucasian).

• Primary ownership is aging, with 55 percent of the 

primary owners being older than 65 years.

• Only 24 percent of the primary owners are younger 

than 55 years.

• Most owners are retired (58 percent).

• Most owners are well educated: 63 percent of the 

primary owners have earned a bachelor’s or 

graduate degree.

• Only 19 percent have owned their land for more 

than 25 years.

• 38 percent use their land as part of their primary 

residence.
24

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

How Much of California’s Forest Land Is 

Available for Harvest? 

About 17 million of the 33 million forested acres in California can be considered timberland. Forest is considered 

timberland if it is growing on ground capable of significant 

annual tree growth and considered available for timber 

management. This is land potentially available for production of wood products and does not include acreages locally 

withdrawn from timber harvest or other active management. 

About 18 percent, nearly 6 million acres, of California’s 

forests are unavailable for timber production (fig. 26). 

The majority of timberland in California is publicly 

owned, about 56 percent. The Forest Service alone administers over 9 million acres. State and local governments 

manage the smallest fraction of public timberland in the 

state at less than 1 percent. Private ownership, both corporate and individual owners, covers about 7.5 million acres of 

timberland (fig. 27). 

By tree species group, most of the wood volume found 

on timberland is in conifer species, about 92 percent. The 

primary conifer species found on California’s timberlands 

is Douglas-fir (fig. 28). By volume, this species has about 32 

percent of all board-foot volume, over 103 billion Scribner 

board feet (about 17.6 billion cubic feet). Tanoak and oak 

species groups make up the majority of the wood volume 

found in hardwood species. There is about 24 billion 

Scribner board feet (about 5 billion cubic feet) found in all 

hardwood tree species (fig. 29). 

The average harvestable volume per acre on timberland 

for the state is about 19,000 Scribner board feet (3,419 cubic 

feet per acre). Harvestable volume is wood volume found in 

sawtimber trees (live commercial species at least 9.0 inches 

d.b.h. for softwoods and 11.0 inches d.b.h. for hardwoods) 

on timberland. Despite managing the least amount of acreage in timberland, state and local governments have some of 

the greatest volumes per acre with the average being about 

29,000 Scribner board feet per acre (5,122 cubic feet per 

acre) (fig. 30). Private ownerships (corporate and individual 

owners) tend to manage their timberland with less volume 

per acre on average, about 16,000 Scribner board feet per 

acre (2,914 cubic feet per acre). 

Figure 26—Proportion of forest land area by current land status in California, 2001–2010.

Reserved—productive forests (11%)

Reserved—other forests (7%)

Unreserved—other forests (30%)

Timberland (52%)
25

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000

State and local government

Other federal government

Noncorporate private

Corporate private

USDA Forest Service

Timberland area (thousand acres)

Ownership group

Figure 27—Timberland area by ownership in, California 2001–2010. 

Figure 28—Douglas-fir is the primary conifer species found on California’s timberlands.

Glenn Christensen
26

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Oak

Tanoak

Incense cedar

Sugar pine

Redwood

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines

True fir

Douglas-fir

Net Scribner volume (billion board feet)

Species group

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000

All owners

Other federal

Corporate private

Noncorporate

private

USDA

Forest Service

State and local

government

Average net sawtimber volume per acre (board foot, Scribner)

Ownership group

Figure 30—Average sawtimber tree volume per acre by ownership group (net board feet, Scribner) in California, 2001–2010.

Figure 29—Scribner board-foot volume found on timberland by species group (those contributing at least 2 percent of total volume) in 

California, 2001–2010. 
27

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Annual Tree Growth, Removals, and 

Mortality in California2

Changes in wood volume over time are an indicator of sustainability and can be explained by examining tree growth, 

removals (harvesting), and mortality. These components are 

key factors in understanding how management, ecology, and 

climate change interact across the landscape. It is important 

to take into account that private forests are distinctly different from Forest Service forests in management practice 

as well as vegetation type, productivity, and topographic 

location. For example, the Forest Service manages vast 

areas of wilderness and other reserved land that cannot be 

compared directly with privately owned forests managed for 

production of wood products. 

When the sum of all tree removals and mortality 

exceeds growth, total tree volume declines. In small areas, 

removals undertaken to reduce fire hazard or deter pest 

infestations may sometimes exceed growth in the short run. 

This trend, however, may be reversed in the long run by 

protecting against catastrophic mortality (fig. 31). Conversely, widespread mortality caused by bark beetles, for 

example, may offset growth gains and thus prevent or delay 

attainment of a stand’s desired future condition and reduce 

the production of ecological benefits such as sequestration 

of carbon or economic benefits such as forest products.

Previously, FIA conducted a forest inventory between 

1991 and 1994 on private, state, and local government 

timberland in California. Owing to numerous differences 

between the current inventory and those prior measurements, comparing current volume estimates with those 

published from previous inventories will not produce 

valid change estimates. Differences include, for example, 

sampling different areas (forest land vs. timberland, with or 

without reserved land) and using different definitions (e.g., 

growing stock). To estimate volume change despite these 

differences, we estimated net change based on revisited 

Figure 31—Growth of trees is offset by harvesting and mortality. Tree mortality shown here was caused by wildfire.

2

 Author: Olaf Kuegler.

M. Palmer
28

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

plots, relying on the algorithms and definitions of today’s 

annual inventory. Between 2007 and 2010, FIA remeasured a subset of the 1991–1994 inventory (280 plots). The 

remeasurement period ranged from 13 to 19 years with an 

average of 16.3 years. We estimated tree growth, removals, 

and mortality using a subset of remeasured trees that were 

alive in 1991–1994 and 5 inches or more d.b.h. from the 

remeasured plots.

To calculate volume and biomass changes on forest 

land managed by the Forest Service, we relied on remeasured plots under the current FIA field design, which 

included all forest land (1,627 plots). These plots were first 

measured between 2001 and 2006 and remeasured about 5 

years later between 2006 and 2010. Because timberland is a 

subset of forest land, we were able to estimate changes for 

timberland as well as for Forest Service lands. Additional 

information on timber harvest removals supporting California’s primary forest products industry can be found in 

Morgan et al. (2012). 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate

Annual volume change (ft3 • ac-1 • yr-1)

Ownership group

Net change

Removals

Growth

Mortality

Figure 32—Average annual change in volume (cubic feet) growth, removals and mortality per acre per year on non-national forest 

timberland between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010 by ownership in California (error bars represent sampling error). 

Privately Owned Timberland: Change Between 

1991–1994 and 2007–2010

Annual volume growth on noncorporate privately owned 

timberland significantly exceeds removals and mortality 

in California, currently estimated at 45.5 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1

(fig. 32). On corporate privately owned timberland, 

volume growth also exceeded removals and mortality, 

currently estimated at 8.6 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1; however, the difference is not statistically significant from zero. Overall, 

we found annual volume growth on private timberland 

(noncorporate and corporate) significantly exceeded 

removals and mortality by 24.4 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1. While 

net annual volume growth (annual growth minus annual 

mortality) is similar on corporate and noncorporate timberland (currently estimated at 74.9 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1 versus 

69.7 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1), removals on corporate timberland are 

about two and a half times as high as on noncorporate 

timberland (66.3 ft3 versus 24.2 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1).
29

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

State And Local Government Timberland: 

Change Between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010

On timberland managed by state agencies and local 

municipalities, annual volume growth significantly 

exceeded mortality and harvest by 82.5 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1. 

Annual mortality was very low on timberland within these 

ownerships, currently estimated at 1.9 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1, and 

no harvested trees were found on these remeasured plots 

(tables 1 through 4).

National Forest System (NFS) Forest Land: 

Change Between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010 

Across all NFS forest land, annual volume growth significantly exceeded mortality and removals by about 11.3 

ft3 � ac-1� yr-1 (fig. 33). Average annual mortality rates on 

NFS land, estimated at 46.0 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1, were relatively 

high compared to private ownerships (fig. 34). However, 

the timeframe for assessment of change between NFS and 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

All forest land Timberland Wilderness Other forest

Annual volume change (ft3 • ac-1 • yr-1)

Land area type

Net change

Removals

Growth

Mortality

Figure 33—Average annual change in volume (cubic feet) growth, removals, and mortality per year on national forest land between 

2001–2006 and 2006–2010 by land status in California (error bars represent sampling error).

private ownerships is vastly different and therefore cannot 

be compared directly. Removal of tree volume is very low 

on NFS forest land, currently estimated at 2.3 ft3 � ac-1� yr-1. 

Although not statistically significant, average annual 

cubic feet volume loss through tree mortality exceeded 

growth on reserved forest land (64.2 versus 46.8 ft3 � ac-1� 

yr-1). However, biomass mortality was significantly less 

than growth. Over the long term, growth should equal 

mortality if no trees are being harvested. However, over 

shorter periods, volume loss through disturbances such as 

fire or insect infestations can cause overall tree mortality to 

be higher than growth. For example, California experienced 

large wildfires during the measurement period, especially in 

2008. For that year, we estimate about 11.3 percent (SE 3.2 

percent) of the tree volume on reserved land being affected 

(but not necessarily killed) by fire compared to an average 

of 0.9 percent (SE 0.2 percent) of tree volume per year 

during the period 1995 to 2007 (tables 5 through 8). 
30

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table 1—Average annual volume growth, removals, and mortality per acre per year on non-national forest 

timberland between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010 in California

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre per year

Growth 78.52 25.10 84.33 21.77 91.05 6.28 93.36 7.85 92.04 4.87

Mortality 14.96 5.95 1.85 0.49 16.18 3.06 23.64 3.50 19.37 2.30

Removals 5.90 6.17 — — 66.28 8.73 24.21 4.05 48.32 5.30

Change 57.67a 28.62 82.48a 21.28 8.59 11.81 45.51a 8.73 24.35a 7.65

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 

Table 2—Average annual volume (cubic feet) growth, removals, and mortality per year on non-national forest 

timberland between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010 in California

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand cubic feet per year

Growth 13,313 6,652 6,023 3,995 392,152 29,935 299,613 28,465 691,765 38,368

Mortality 2,536 1,429 132 88 69,693 13,417 75,870 12,105 145,564 17,602

Removals 1,000 1,075 — — 285,460 38,060 77,697 13,757 363,157 39,858

Change 9,777 6,179 5,891 3,907 36,998 50,921 146,046a 28,148 183,044a 57,697

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 

Table 3—Average annual biomass (tons) growth, removals, and mortality per acre per year on non-national 

forest timberland between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010 in California 

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Short tons per acre per year

Growth 1.48 0.46 1.68 0.44 1.86 0.13 1.88 0.16 1.87 0.10

Mortality 0.33 0.14 0.06 0.02 0.36 0.06 0.50 0.07 0.42 0.05

Removals 0.13 0.13 — — 1.32 0.17 0.47 0.08 0.96 0.11

Change 1.02a 0.52 1.62a 0.42 0.17 0.24 0.90a 0.17 0.49a 0.15

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 
31

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table 4—Average annual biomass (tons) growth, removals, and mortality per year on non-national forest 

timberland between 1991–1994 and 2007–2010 in California

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand short tons per year

Growth 250 125 120 80 7,990 608 6,033 572 14,023 776

Mortality 57 32 4 3 1,552 281 1,609 241 3,161 360

Removals 21 23 — — 5,689 757 1,520 270 7,209 792

Change 172 113 116 77 749 1,030 2,903a 552 3,653a 1,159

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 

Table 5—Average annual volume (cubic feet) growth, removals, and mortality per acre per year on National 

Forest System land between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010

Forest land Timberland

Reserved forest 

land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre per year

Growth 59.61 2.72 81.43 4.40 46.82 3.98 12.69 1.58

Mortality 45.98 4.46 52.29 6.79 64.24 9.20 9.07 2.74

Removals 2.31 0.85 3.91 1.48 0.41 0.47 — —

Change 11.32a 5.26 25.23a 8.22 -17.82 9.47 3.63 3.21

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 

Table 6—Average annual volume (cubic feet) growth, removals, and mortality per year on National Forest 

System land between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010

Forest land Timberland Reserved forest land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand cubic feet per year

Growth 928,584 42,363 719,786 41,695 169,363 16,808 53,985 7,090

Mortality 716,207 69,518 462,173 60,670 232,369 35,298 38,568 11,762

Removals 36,026 13,168 34,560 13,113 1,466 1,686 — —

Change 176,352a 81,908 223,053a 72,834 -64,472 34,389 15,417 13,667

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 
32

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table 7—Average annual biomass (tons) growth, removals, and mortality per acre per year on National Forest 

System land between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010

Forest land Timberland

Reserved forest 

land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Short tons per acre per year

Growth 1.13 0.05 1.52 0.08 0.90 0.07 0.29 0.03

Mortality 0.97 0.09 1.09 0.14 1.35 0.20 0.23 0.08

Removals 0.04 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.01 0.01 — —

Change 0.12 0.10 0.36a 0.16 -0.45a 0.20 0.06 0.09

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 

Table 8—Average annual biomass (tons) growth, removals, and mortality per year on National Forest System 

land between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010.

Forest land Timberland Reserved forest land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand short tons per year

Growth 17,576 788 13,456 779 3,258 306 1,215 155

Mortality 15,051 1,433 9,594 1,229 4,870 750 977 329

Removals 698 247 669 246 29 34 — —

Change 1,827 1,631 3,193a 1,419 -1,642a 725 238 362

— = not available.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95 percent significance level. 
33

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

Forest Service —

All forest land

Forest Service —

Reserved

Forest Service —

Timberland

Corporate —

Timberland

Noncorporate —

Timberland

Annual volume change in timberland (ft3 • ac-1 • yr-1)

Land area type

Net change

Mortality

Growth

Removals

Figure 34—Combined average annual change in volume (cubic feet) growth, removals, and mortality per acre per year on 

national forest land between 2001–2006 and 2006–2010 by land status compared to privately owned timberland between 

1991–1994 and 2007–2010 in California (error bars represent sampling error). Although volume changes are on an annual peracre basis, it is important to note that Forest Service estimates of change cover a different timeframe than private timberland.

How Many Trees Show Signs of 

Damaging Agents?

Detecting damage to trees is a critical means to assess 

overall forest health in terms of resiliency, diversity, function, and resource sustainability. Mortality and disturbance 

resulting from damage inflicted by native insects, disease, 

or abiotic stressors such as fire and weather events are 

agents of natural succession, promoting growth, regeneration, and diversity in California’s forests. Natural disturbance resulting from these damages can affect ecosystem 

structure, composition, and function. Forest Inventory and 

Analysis crews collect data on damaging agents for each 

measured live tree. 

Overall, about 19 percent of all live trees >1 inch d.b.h. 

were affected by one or more damaging agents. Recorded 

agents included damage from animals, bark beetles, 

cankers, insect defoliators, dwarf mistletoe, leafy mistletoe, 

foliage diseases, stem decays, root disease, and weather-related injury. Physical damage or injury was most commonly 

recorded, affecting about 68 percent of damaged trees. Stem 

decays were recorded on about 19 percent of the affected 

tree volume (fig. 35). Dwarf mistletoe and root diseases each 

affected about 11 percent of the tree volume (fig. 36). All 

other recorded damage agents individually contributed less 

than 3 percent of the affected tree volume. Thirteen percent 

of the most commonly found conifer species in California 

(Douglas-fir) had some form of damage. White fir, the next 

most common conifer, had about a 28 percent incident rate. 

For hardwood species, tanoak, the most common hardwood 

species, had about an 11 percent damage rate. Canyon 

live oak, the next most common hardwood species, had a 

damage rate of about 15 percent. 
34

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Animals

Bark beetles

Cankers

Insect defoliators

Dwarf mistletoe

Leafy mistletoe

Foliage diseases

Stem decays

Area (thousand acres) or volume (million cubic feet)

Damaging agent group

Other insect damage

Root disease

Weather damage

Area

Volume

Figure 35—Area and volume of live trees affected by one or more agents on forest land in California, 2001–2010; volume is gross volume 

of live trees >5 inches diameter at breast height; acres are those with >25 percent of the basal area with damage.

Figure 36—Grand fir branch showing mistletoe infection. 

M. Gasser
35

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

What Types of Understory Vegetation Are 

Most Common in California’s Forests? 

Understory vegetation is an important structural component 

in all forest ecosystems. The life-form type and density 

of cover from bare soil up into the tree crowns influences 

wildlife habitat, wildfire behavior, and competition between 

native and nonnative plants. Forest Inventory and Analysis 

crews sampled understory vegetation on each subplot on 

forest land (fig 37). Total cover was estimated for tree 

seedlings and saplings <5 inches d.b.h., shrubs, forbs, and 

graminoids. Total cover of all four of these life forms and of 

bare mineral soil was estimated. 

Cover of understory vegetation in California was 

greater in hardwood forest types than softwood types. 

Within each cover type, hardwood forests tended to have 

greater vegetation cover in both shrub and graminoid cover 

types and the least area of bare soil (fig. 38). The most shrub 

cover within hardwood forests is found within the moist 

forest types, the elm/ash/cottonwood group, and the alder/

maple group (fig. 39). Each of these forest types tended to 

have an average shrub cover of more than 30 percent. The 

greatest cover of seedlings and saplings within hardwood 

forests was in aspen/birch forest types and averaged about 

13 percent cover. For softwoods, Douglas-fir forests tended 

to have the greatest cover of seedlings and saplings but at 

Figure 37—Bracken fern, as outlined in this shadow, is a common 

understory plant found throughout the state. 

Figure 38—Cover of vegetation life forms and bare soil by softwood and hardwood forests on forest land in California, 2001–2010.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Seedlings and

saplings

Shrubs Forbs Graminoids All understory

plants

Bare soil

Cover (percent)

Understory vegetation type

All hardwood types

All softwood types

US Forest Service
36

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

only about 9 percent cover. For all understory life forms 

within the softwood forests, redwood and hemlock/Sitka 

spruce forests had the densest cover; each averaged more 

than 50 percent cover of understory vegetation. Average 

percentage of cover was the greatest for all understory life 

forms in younger forests ranging from 0 to 39 years old 

(fig. 40). Average cover for all understory plants tended to 

decline with increasing forest age. 

Figure 39—Native to California and found in the understory 

typically where it is cool and moist, thimbleberry is related to the 

cultivated red raspberry. 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Seedlings and

saplings

Shrubs Forbs Graminoids All understory

plants

Bare soil

Cover (percent)

Understory vegetation type

0–19 years

20–39 years

40–79 years

80–159 years

160+ years

Figure 40—Cover of vegetation life forms and bare soil by forest age class on forest land in California, 2001–2010. 

J. Feinberg
37

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

What Nonnative Invasive Plants Are Found 

in California’s Forests? 

Invasive nonnative plant species pose a threat to native 

forests throughout California. The aggressive spread of 

introduced species to forested areas formerly occupied by 

native plants changes the composition, structure, and function in both natural and managed ecosystems. Because they 

directly compete for habitat with native species, including 

those desired for their ecological and potential economic 

benefits to the state, considerable efforts to contain their 

undesirable effects must be expended. While most local 

effects from nonnative species are easier to quantify, 

without a statewide sampling effort such as the FIA plots, 

it would be very difficult to understand the extent of these 

species across all forested landscapes and ownerships. Forest Inventory and Analysis crews estimate the cover of the 

three plant species with the highest cover in each of three 

life forms; shrub, forb, and graminoid—as well as of any 

other species with >3 percent cover. Because the definition 

of “invasive” is subjective, all readily identifiable species 

that were listed as nonnative to the United States (USDA 

NRCS 2000) were selected for analysis.

Twenty-five different nonnative species were recorded 

on 5,575 forested plots. Cheatgrass was found on 11 

percent of all sampled plots and was the most commonly 

recorded nonnative species (see “Scientific and Common 

Plant Names”). Cheatgrass also affects the largest area, 

about 185,000 acres (figs. 41 and 42). Of the forb species, 

spreading hedgeparsley is the most commonly found and 

is estimated to cover about 88,000 acres of forest land. 

Himalayan blackberry is the most abundant nonnative shrub 

species found in California’s forests. We estimated this 

species to cover about 42,000 acres of forest land. 

0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000

Cheatgrass

Bristly dogstail grass

Ripgut brome

Spreading hedgeparsley

Soft brome

Medusahead

Wild oat

Himalayan blackberry

Thistle

Yellow star-thistle

Slender oat

Big quakinggrass

Compact brome

Acres 

Nonnative common name

Figure 41—Most frequently found nonnative invasive species on forest land in California, 2001–2010. Only those nonnative species 

estimated to cover at least 10,000 acres are shown. 
38

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Figure 42—Cheatgrass is the most common nonnative invasive 

species found on forest land in the state. It uses “hitchhiking” as 

one mode of seed transport.

Research Application—Nonnative 

Invasive plants of the Pacific Coast3

Nonnative plants affect the composition and function 

of natural and managed forests and have large economic costs through degraded land use and eradication expense. Nevertheless, we don’t have much 

comprehensive information on the abundance, distribution, and impact of nonnative invasive plants. The 

first step to assessing the problem and then dealing 

with it is to be able to identify the most problematic 

species from among the thousands of plant species 

found in California’s forests. In collaboration with the 

University of Washington, the Institute of Applied 

Ecology, and botanical experts across the west coast, 

FIA developed a prioritized list of nonnative invasive 

plants affecting forest lands in the Pacific coastal 

states of California, Oregon, and Washington, and 

provided enough detail in nontechnical language, 

along with photos of different stages of plant development, to allow reliable identification in the field (Gray 

et al. 2011). The final list of 56 species was designed 

to capture species believed to be most prevalent or 

problematic for use by strategic forest inventories and 

novice botanists.

Citation

Gray, A.N.; Barndt, K.; Reichard, S.H. 2011. 

Nonnative invasive plants of Pacific coast forests: 

a field guide for identification. Gen. Tech. Rep. 

PNW-GTR-817. Portland, OR: U.S. Department 

of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest 

Research Station. 91 p. 

3 Author: Andrew Gray. 

J. Feinberg
39

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Research Application—

Lichen-Based Indicators of Nitrogen Pollution in California’s Forests4

Nitrogen (N) is the most common chemical element in 

living tissues after oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. Most 

terrestrial and marine systems are naturally N-limited, 

making N a fundamental driver of ecosystem productivity. For this reason, excess N from anthropogenic sources 

(e.g., motor vehicle exhaust, crop fertilizers, emissions 

from livestock) can profoundly reshape forest structure 

and function (Pardo et al. 2011). Species decline or 

increase depending on their capacity to utilize the new N 

and remain competitive. In parts of Mediterranean California, N alters the fire cycle by increasing fuel buildup 

of fast-growing understory plants and leaf senescence of 

negatively impacted species (Fenn et al. 2010). Lichens 

have become the canaries in the coal mine for mapping 

N because even small N increases cause the replacement 

of native lichen floras by “weedy” eutrophic lichen 

species (Jovan et al. 2012; fig. 43). Our recent research 

demonstrates the accuracy of lichen-based N estimates by 

comparing lichen metrics with N pollutant measurements. 

Lichens were first recognized as “health meters for 

the air” in 1866 by Finnish botanist William Nylander. 

Today large-scale monitoring programs commonly use 

lichens as a budget-friendly supplement to instrumented 

air quality monitors, which may cost $10,000 or more to 

operate annually. The FIA program monitors tree-dwelling lichens at a subset of grid sites, amounting to over 

5,500 observations made nationwide since 1998. Continually improving accuracy has increased the utilization and 

benefit of lichen-based estimates of pollution to policymakers and managers tasked with deciding on allowable 

pollutant emissions. 

The San Bernardino Mountains (SBM) in particular 

have become a natural laboratory for studying lichen indicators for N and refining techniques. Excess N is a key air 

quality and ecological issue here; the SBM form the leeward 

boundary of the Los Angeles Basin and include forests 

receiving the highest N levels recorded for North America, 

up to 70 kg N per hectare per year at one site (as compared 

to natural background levels of 1 to 2 kg N per hectare per 

year). Lichen and instrument-based monitoring began in the 

1970s (Sigal and Nash 1983, Temple et al. 2005) along an 

east-west transect of N deposition (Fenn et al. 2010). 

Scientists from the U.S. Forest Service monitor an 

unprecedented array of air pollutants along the transect, 

allowing us to challenge some widely held assumptions 

about how lichens respond to N. We found that eutrophs 

increase on tree trunks as a function of total N deposition 

(i.e., the totality of N pollutants washed from the atmosphere in wet and dry deposition; fig. 44). The high correlation between eutrophs and total N (r2 = 0.94) demonstrates 

how eutroph abundance may be used for high-accuracy N 

mapping. Additionally, lichen metrics are a better representation of N deposition than ammonia measurements, 

especially in the SBM where the N regime is dominated by 

oxidized N pollutants. Cost-effective tools like this greatly 

Figure 43—At one nitrogen (N)-affected site, the sunburst 

lichen (orange) thrives while the less N-tolerant camouflage 

lichen (green and bleached white) appears stressed. 

Sarah Jovan

4

 Author: Sarah Jovan.
40

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

increase the scope and intensity of information available to 

managers on the distribution of N inputs across the 

landscape, leading to more informed decisions. This is 

critical for California where N-compromised ecosystems 

are commonly reported (Fenn et al. 2010) and widely 

spaced instrumented networks can’t capture the variability 

in N. For more information, see Jovan et al. 2012. 

Citations

Fenn, M.E.; Allen, E.B.; Weiss, S.B.; Jovan, S.; 

Geiser, L.H.; Tonnesen,G.S.; Johnson,R.F.; 

Rao, L.E.; Gimeno, B.S.; Yuan, F.; Meixner, T.; 

Bytnerowicz, A. 2010. Nitrogen critical loads and 

management alternatives for N-impacted ecosystems 

in California. Journal of Environmental Management. 

91(12): 2404–2423.

Jovan, S.; Riddell, J.; Padgett, P.E.; Nash, T.H., III; 

2012. Eutrophic lichens respond to multiple forms of 

N: implications for critical levels and critical loads 

research. Ecological Applications. 22(7): 1910–1922. 

Pardo, L.H.; Fenn, M.E.; Goodale, C.L.; Geiser, L.H.; 

Driscoll, C.T.; Allen, E.; Baron, J.S.; Bobbink, R.; 

Bowman, W.D.; Clark, C.M.; Emmett, B.; Gilliam, 

F.S.; Greaver, T.L.; Hall, S.J.; Lilleskov, E.A.; Liu, 

L.; Lynch, J.A.; Nadelhoffer, K.J.; Perakis, S.S.; 

Robin-Abbott, M.J.; Stoddard, J.L.; Weathers, K.C.; 

Dennis, R.L. 2011. Effects of nitrogen deposition and 

empirical nitrogen critical loads for ecoregions of the 

United States. Ecological Applications. 21(8): 3049–3082.

Sigal, L.L.; Nash, T.H., III 1983. Lichen communities 

on conifers in southern California mountains: an 

ecological survey relative to oxidant air pollution. 

Ecology. 64: 1343–1354. 

Temple, P.J.; Bytnerowicz, A.; Fenn, M.E.; Poth, 

M.A. 2005. Air pollution impacts in the mixed 

conifer forests of southern California. In: Kus, B.E.; 

Beyers, J.L., tech. coords. Planning for biodiversity: 

bringing research and management together. Gen. 

Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-195. Albany, CA: U.S. 

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific 

Southwest Research Station: 145–164.

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

0 20 40 60 80

Total N deposition 

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

0 10 20 30 40 50

Summer ammonia concentration

0

10

20

30

40

50

0 20 40 60 80

Summer ammonia 

concentra

tion 

Total N deposition 

Figure 44—Scatterplots showing a strong correlation between 

an index of eutroph lichens and total nitrogen (N) as measured 

in throughfall under a Pinus ponderosa canopy (A). The eutroph 

index was moderately correlated with summer ammonia concentrations (B), one component of total N. Oxidized forms of N (i.e., 

NOx) are prevalent at high N sites, lessening the relationship 

between total N and ammonia.
41

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

How Has Fire Influenced California’s Forests?

Wildland fire plays a significant role in shaping California’s 

forests (fig. 45). As the population continues to grow, we 

increase our reliance on healthy forests and the ecosystem 

services they provide, such as clean water, wildlife habitat, 

carbon sequestration, wood products, and recreation. Understanding how to manage wildland fire hazards to threatened 

resources and forest land becomes ever more critical. To 

measure the overall impact of wildfire on forest land across 

the state, FIA crews estimate evidence of surface and crown 

fire that occurred since the previous plot visit, usually 5 to 10 

years earlier. Compiling these disturbance estimates for all 

visited plots allows us to determine the average forest area 

and percentage of forest land burned each year in California. 

Between 1995 and 2008, the estimated average annual 

forested area that burned was 0.75 percent, or about 249,000 

acres (SE: 16,159 acres) across the state. By region, there 

is high variability from year to year. In 2008, the northern 

interior region had a record fire year where over 800,000 

acres of forest land burned, pushing the statewide total 

to over 1 million acres that year. Following a prolonged 

drought, these mostly lightning-caused fires started early in 

the season in rugged inaccessible terrain, allowing them to 

burn an unprecedented area of forest land. This estimate of 

total area burned for 2008 parallels the 1.37 million acres 

reported by the California Department of Forestry and Fire 

Protection (2010), which also includes nonforested areas 

such as range and grasslands not currently measured by 

FIA. No clear annual statistical trends are found between 

regions, except for the jump in acres burned in 2008, owing 

to high regional variability (fig. 46).

Because fire is a relatively rare event at a single point 

on the landscape, the number of plots where evidence of 

fire is observed is small, and, in some years, crews have 

recorded no fire-damaged plots in an entire region such as 

the north coast. Also, since 2001 when FIA started measuring 10 percent of all plots annually, the sample size basis for 

any given year changes. For example, a 2000 fire incident 

could be recorded on any plot because all plots were 

installed between 2001 and 2010. However, a fire incident 

from 2009 can only be observed on plots measured in 2010. 

Thus, estimates for 2009 fire incidents have a higher sampling error because the sampling intensity is only about 1/10 

as compared to the 2000 fire incident estimate. Because of 

the changing sample size, the estimates of error also change. 

The most recent estimates, which are based on the smallest 

sample sizes, also tend to have the largest estimated error. 

Figure 45—Late-summer smoke from multiple wildfires that can be seen burning in the forests of Siskiyou County.

Gerad Dean
42

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Research Application—Modeling Fuel Treatment Opportunities and Outcomes5

Owing to factors such as fire exclusion and reduced 

management activity on public lands due to declining 

resources, most dry mixed-conifer forests across the 

West rate high in fire hazard and low in resilience. While 

there is great interest in restoring the health and resilience of these forests, there is considerable variation in 

how these forests respond to mechanical fuel treatment 

and in the associated costs. 

To gauge the likely success and economic viability 

of landscape-scale fuels management designed to 

restore health and resiliency to historically harvested 

and burned forests, we used BioSum (FIA’s tool for 

Bioregional Inventory Originated Simulation Under 

Management)* to model effectiveness and costs of a 

handful of “generic” mechanical treatment prescriptions 

applied to 5,000 FIA inventory plots that provide a 

spatially balanced and statistically representative 

sample of dry mixed-conifer forests in California, 

Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Utah (Jain et 

al. 2012) (fig. 47). We found that for up to a third of the 

forest area, implementing the locally most effective 

generic treatment led to more resilient forests over time 

as gauged by crown fire potential and surface flame 

length, lower forest carbon emissions, and greater 

retention of the live trees that constitute an important 

component of wildlife habitat. 

In Douglas-fir, true fir, pine, and larch forests, 

modeling revealed that mechanical fuel treatments can 

recover, on average, 1,000 to 2,000 ft3 � ac-1 of merchantable wood and earn net revenue of over $1,000 per 

acre, even after covering $1,000 to $2,000 per acre in 

onsite treatment cost. Sales of energy wood—the tops 

and limbs of all harvested trees as well as the entirety 

of nonmerchantable trees—account for about a fifth of 

the total product value, so while somewhat helpful in 

achieving feasibility, bioenergy has limited potential for 

making a significant difference in financing fuel treatment at the broad scale. Work is ongoing to test other 

kinds of mechanical treatments and hybrid treatments 

that also involve fire and animals to explore cost effectiveness of fuels management in these forests.

Citation

Jain, T.; Battaglia, M.; Han-Sup, H.; Graham, 

R.; Keyes, C.; Fried, J.; Sandquist, J. 2012. A 

comprehensive guide to fuels management practices 

for dry mixed-conifer forests in the northwestern 

United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-292. Fort 

Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest 

Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 331 p. 

http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/42150.

5

 Author: Jeremy Fried

* http://biosum.info

Figure 47—Data collected at Forest Inventory and Analysis 

plots are used in models that simulate mechanical fuel 

treatments, similar to this mechanized thinning, as the basis of 

research to evaluate the likely success and economic viability 

of landscape-scale fuels management.

Glenn Christensen
43

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

How Productive Are California’s Forests? 

California’s Timberlands 

Productivity is measured by site class, an indicator of a 

forest’s potential annual growth that can be used to describe 

the overall potential of timberland to produce wood. Most 

of California’s timberland grows on moderately productive 

sites, classified here as 85 to 164 cubic feet per acre per year 

of volume. About 54 percent (9.3 million acres) of the state’s 

timberland area falls into this category. The most productive 

sites, those with a potential growth rate of more than 164 

cubic feet per acre per year, occupy nearly 10 percent (1.7 

million acres) of the timberland area. 

California mixed conifer, the prevalent forest type in 

the state, has about 64 percent of its area in the moderate 

site class (fig. 48). Of the softwood forest types, the redwood group has the greatest proportion of its timberland 

area in the most productive classes, about 64 percent (fig. 

49). For the least productive sites (20 to 84 cubic feet per 

acre per year), western juniper has the greatest proportion 

of its acreage in these classes, over 90 percent. Most of the 

timberland area for hardwood forest types is in the moderately productive site classes, about 55 percent. 

Timberland managed by the Forest Service is mostly on 

moderately productive site classes: about 51 percent is found 

on site classes between 85 to 164 cubic feet per acre per 

year (fig. 50). However, a large portion, about 44 percent, of 

Forest Service-managed timberland is found on the lowest 

site classes. Private ownerships also are primarily found 

on moderately productive sites, about 48 percent. Private 

ownerships tend to have a greater proportion of timberland 

in the highest classes, nearly 13 percent of all private 

timberland. Together these timberlands contribute to the 

state’s total timber harvest, which was 1.7 billion board feet 

in 2006 (Morgan et al. 2012). Total sales value was about 

$1.5 billion in 2006, with lumber accounting for 64 percent 

of the total (Morgan et al. 2012). 

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Statewide

Northern interior

West central

Sierra

North coast

Southern

Area (million acres)

Figure 46—Area of forest burned by ecosection group (see fig. 7) on forest land in California, 1995–2008. Note: 2009 is not included in 

the chart because it is too small of a sample size and includes only a single year of plot measurements from 2010 (10 percent of all plots in 

the 10-year cycle), when no crew reported a plot affected by fire the previous year. 
44

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Figure 49–The redwood forest type, as seen here in Humboldt 

County, has the greatest proportion of timberland area in the most 

productive site class.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Ponderosa pine

Redwood

Tanoak/laurel

Western oak

Timberland area (percent)

Forest type group

225+

165–224 

120–164 

85–119 

50–84 

20–49 

California 

mixed conifer

Douglas-fir

Fir/spruce/

mountain hemlock

ft3 ac-1 • yr-1

Figure 48—Percentage of timberland area by major forest type groups and site class in California, 2001–2010. Gerad Dean
45

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Forest Service Private Other federal State and

local government

Timberland area (percent)

Forest type group

225+

165-224 

120-164 

85-119 

50-84 

20-49 

ft3 ac-1 • yr-1

Figure 50—Percentage of timberland area by ownership group and site class in California, 2001–2010.

0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000

Whiteleaf manzanita

Oceanspray

California laurel

California blackberry

Willow

Beaked hazelnut

Manzanita

Salal

Pinemat manzanita

Snowbrush ceanothus

Big sagebrush

Sticky whiteleaf manzanita

California huckleberry

Huckleberry oak

Greenleaf manzanita

Area (acres)

Shrub common name

Figure 51—Total shrub cover (acres) of forest land by selected species used in nontimber forest products in California, 2001–2010.
46

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Nontimber Forest Product Species 

Nontimber forest products (NTFP) are those forest products 

not traditionally included as timber-based products, but still 

economically and ecologically important to the state. The 

NTFPs are derived from many species ranging from tree 

seedlings and saplings to shrubs and herbs. 

Swordfern is the herbaceous species with the greatest 

cover (235,000 acres [SE: 19,000 acres]). The next most 

common herb species is brackenfern, which covers about 

138,000 acres (SE: 10,000). Together, these two species 

occupy about 70 percent of the forested area covered by 

herbs in California. The shrubs with the greatest cover were 

greenleaf manzanita, covering about 389,000 acres (SE: 

23,000), and huckleberry oak, which covers about 356,000 

acres (SE: 27,000; fig. 51). Tanoak seedlings and saplings 

were the most abundant of the NTFP species, covering 

about 315,000 acres (SE: 17,000). 

What Is the Extent of Dead Wood in 

California’s Forests?

Dead wood, standing as snags or fallen on the forest floor, 

is an important component of forest structure and wildlife 

habitat. Forest Inventory and Analysis plot measurements 

are well suited to estimate dead wood throughout all forest 

types and ownerships across the state. Just as the FIA data 

are used to help describe plant biodiversity in California’s 

forests, including characteristics of special habitat types 

such as old forests and riparian corridors, and status of forest components such as tree crowns, soils, and understory 

vegetation, the collected information can also describe the 

extent of dead wood in California’s forests.

Dead trees fill many ecologically important roles in 

forests. Dead wood in a forest provides habitat for wildlife 

and fungi, improves soil fertility through nutrient cycling 

and moisture retention, adds to fuel loads, and is a key 

structural element in mature forests. Large-scale disturbances from fire and insect outbreaks can have a profound 

effect on the total dead wood present, which is an important 

parameter for forest managers. Dead wood resources are 

complex and must be assessed from a variety of perspectives—too much can be viewed as a fire hazard, and too 

little can be viewed as a loss of habitat. Forest Inventory and 

Analysis provides estimates of the amount of both standing 

dead trees (snags) and down wood (logs) (fig. 52).

There are approximately 498 million tons of dead wood 

biomass on forest land across California, about 233 million 

tons of standing snags and another 265 million tons of down 

wood. By comparison, there are about 2.2 billion tons of 

live tree biomass found on these forests, nearly 10 times 

more biomass. The majority of dead wood is found on forest 

land managed by the Forest Service: about 57 percent of all 

dead wood biomass in the state is found on this ownership 

(fig. 53). Private ownerships, both corporate and individual 

noncorporate, account for about 30 percent of the dead 

wood biomass. Together, other federal and state/local governments make up the remaining 13 percent of deadwood. 

On a per-acre basis, Forest Service lands average about 18 

snags per acre and about 16 tons of down wood biomass 

per acre (fig. 54). This is in contrast to private ownerships, 

which average about 10 snags per acre but average similar 

amounts of down wood biomass, about 14 tons per acre. By 

stand age, maximum total biomass per acre in standing dead 

trees occurs in stands 161 to 200 years old for softwood 

forest types at about 30 tons per acre (fig. 55). 

Figure 52—Large down logs, such as this massive log from a 

fallen redwood tree in Humboldt County, contribute to key habitat 

and structural elements in mature forests of the region. 

Gerad Dean
47

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Forest Service Other federal State and local

government

Private

Biomass (million tons)

Ownership group

Snags

Down wood

Figure 53—Total biomass (million tons) in standing dead trees (snags) and down wood by ownership group in California, 2001–2010.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Snags (trees/acre) or down wood biomass (tons/acre)

Ownership group

Snags

Down wood biomass

Forest Service Other federal State and local

government

Private

Figure 54— Average number of standing dead trees (snags) per acre and down wood biomass (tons) per acre by ownership group in 

California, 2001–2010. 
48

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1–40 41–80 81–120 121–160 161–200 200+

Average snag biomass (tons/acre)

Stand age (years)

Softwoods

Hardwoods

Figure 55—Average dead tree (snag) biomass (tons) per acre by stand age for softwood and hardwood forest types in California, 2001–2010. 
49

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Research Application—Monitoring Fisher Habitat6

Every species of forest wildlife has unique features it 

seeks out to make its home. The systematic sample of all 

forest lands by Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) 

provides powerful opportunities to identify what kinds of 

forests those species are selecting. The fisher (Martes 

pennanti) is a forest carnivore in the weasel family that is 

rare in California (fig. 56). In a collaboration between the 

Pacific Southwest Research Station, Humboldt State 

University, and FIA, the forests that fishers used for 

“resting” (refuge for prolonged periods) in northern 

California were identified by following the locations of 

several individuals that had been captured and fitted with 

radio collars. Plots were installed at those fisher resting 

sites that exactly matched the FIA inventory protocols. We 

then compared the characteristics of plots that fishers used 

to the characteristics of plots in the surrounding landscape.

We found that fishers were selecting forests with high 

canopy closure, older trees, high basal area, large down 

wood, and abundant hardwoods. These fisher habitat 

preferences in the north coast were similar to those found in 

a study for the Sierra Nevada, suggesting general features 

that managers could conserve or promote on the landscape 

to maintain future populations of fishers, in combination 

with other key attributes affecting fishers like abundance of 

food, predators, and pathogens. The habitat models, tied to 

the national FIA plot design, will allow us to monitor future 

changes in fisher habitat as FIA inventories are remeasured.

Citation

Zielinski, W.J.; Dunk, J.R.; Gray, A.N. 2012. 

Estimating habitat value using forest inventory 

data: the fisher (Martes pennanti) in northwestern 

California. Forest Ecology and Management. 275: 

35–42. http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/41478. 

6

 Author: Andrew Gray. 

Zane Miller, Pacific Southwest Research Station

Figure 56—A fisher (Martes pennanti) in trees.
50

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Conclusion

This report presents an updated overview of California’s 

forest resources, highlighting information that is new as 

well as confirming previously known information. We 

expect some readers will be eager to see more indepth 

research and analysis on selected topics to fully understand current status, change, and relationships in California’s forests. We want to stress that the data in this report 

are not independent from those published in a previous 

report that covered the period 2001–2005 (Christensen et 

al. 2008). The values presented here cannot be compared 

to the previous report or that data set to assess change in 

forest resources over the last decade; these data are a continuation of the full 10-year cycle. The first 10-year cycle 

is now complete for all forested plots measured from 2001 

to 2010. All future measurements are remeasurements 

assessing the change that occurred during the 10 years 

between visits. Remeasured plots tell us everything from 

impacts of disturbances such as wildfire and changes in 

land use, to specifically how much each tree has grown. 

Armed with these data, we can begin quantifying trends 

in California’s forests at multiple scales. From assessing 

change in the growth and survival of understory seedlings to large, landscape-level changes facing forests 

from future challenges like a growing population and a 

changing climate. 

The annual FIA inventory will continue into the 

future provided funding and support for it are maintained. 

As directed by the 1998 Farm Bill (Section 253[c] of the 

Agriculture Research, Extension, and Education Reform 

Act of 1998), findings from the inventory will be published 

no more frequently than every 5 years.
51

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Common and Scientific Plant Names

Life form Common name Scientific name

Trees: Alder Alnus spp. 

Ash Fraxinus spp. 

Aspen, quaking aspen Populus tremuloides Michx.

Bigcone Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Vasey) Mayr

Bigleaf maple Acer macrophyllum Pursh

Birch Betula spp. 

Bishop pine Pinus muricata D. Don

Bitter cherry Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.

Black cottonwood Populus balsamifera L. ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & A. Gray 

ex Hook.) Brayshaw

Blue oak Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.

Boxelder Acer negundo L.

Brewer spruce Picea breweriana S. Wats.

Bristlecone pine Pinus aristata Engelm.

California black oak Quercus kelloggii Newberry

California buckeye Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt.

California juniper Juniperus californica Carr.

California nutmeg, California torreya Torreya californica Torr.

California red fir Abies magnifica A. Murr.

California sycamore Platanus racemosa Nutt.

California white oak Quercus lobata Née

California-laurel Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.

Canyon live oak Quercus chrysolepis Liebm.

Cedar Thuja spp. 

Cherry and plum species Prunus spp. 

Chinkapin oak Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm.

Coast live oak, California live oak Quercus agrifolia Née

Chokecherry Prunus virginiana L.

Cottonwood Populus spp. 

Coulter pine Pinus coulteri D. Don

Curl-leaf mountain mahogany Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt.

Cypress Cupressus spp.

Desert ironwood, tesota, Arizona ironwood Olneya tesota A. Gray

Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco

Elm Ulmus spp. 

Engelmann oak Quercus engelmannii Greene

Engelmann spruce Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.

Eucalyptus Eucalyptus spp.

Foxtail pine Pinus balfouriana Grev. & Balf.

Fremont cottonwood Populus fremontii S. Wats.
52

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Life form Common name Scientific name

Giant chinguapin, golden chinguapin Chrysolepis chrysophylla (Dougl. ex Hook.) Hjelmqvist

Giant sequoia Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) Buchh.

Grand fir Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.

Gray pine, ghost pine Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl.

Great Basin bristlecone pine Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey

Hawthorn Crataegus spp. 

Hemlock Tsuga spp. 

Honey mesquite Prosopis glandulosa Torr.

Incense cedar Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin

Interior live oak Quercus wislizeni A. DC.

Jeffrey pine Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.

Knobcone pine Pinus attenuata Lemmon

Limber pine Pinus flexilis James

Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.

Maple Acer spp. 

Mesquite Prosopis spp.

Modoc cypress, Baker cypress Cupressus bakeri Jeps.

Monterey cypress Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ex Gord.

Monterey pine Pinus radiata D. Don

Mountain hemlock Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.

Noble fir Abies procera Rehd.

Northern California black walnut Juglans hindsii Jeps. ex R. E. Sm.

Oak Quercus spp. 

Oregon ash Fraxinus latifolia Benth.

Oregon crabapple Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.

Oregon white oak Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.

Pacific dogwood Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray

Pacific madrone Arbutus menziesii Pursh

Pacific silver fir Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes

Pacific yew Taxus brevifolia Nutt.

Pine, pinyon Pinus spp. 

Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson

Port Orford cedar Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.

Red alder Alnus rubra Bong.

Redcedar, juniper Juniperus spp. 

Redwood, coast redwood Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ex D. Don) Endl.

Rocky mountain maple Acer glabrum Torr.

Russian olive Elaeagnus angustifolia L.

Sargent’s cypress Cupressus sargentii Jepson

Screwbean mesquite Prosopis pubescens Benth.

Shasta red fir Abies magnifica A. Murr. var. shastensis Lemmon
53

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Life form Common name Scientific name

Singleleaf pinyon Pinus monophylla Torr. & Frém.

Sitka spruce Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.

Southern California black walnut Juglans californica S. Watson

Spruce Picea spp. 

Subalpine fir Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.

Sugar pine Pinus lambertiana Dougl.

Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua L.

Tanoak Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.

Tasmanian bluegum Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

True fir species Abies spp. 

Twoneedle pinyon, Colorado pinyon Pinus edulis Engelm.

Utah juniper Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little

Walnut Juglans spp.

Washoe pine Pinus washoensis Mason & Stockwell

Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.

Western honey mesquite Prosopis glandulosa Torr.

Western juniper Juniperus occidentalis Hook.

Western larch Larix occidentalis Nutt.

Western redcedar Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don

Western white pine Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don

White alder Alnus rhombifolia Nutt.

White fir Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.

Whitebark pine Pinus albicaulis Engelm.

Shrubs: Blue elderberry Sambucus nigra L. ssp. cerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli

California huckleberry Vaccinium ovatum Pursh

California yerba santa Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.

Chamise Adenostoma fasciculatum Hook. & Arn.

Creeping barberry Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don

Currant spp. Ribes spp. 

Cutleaf blackberry Rubus laciniatus Willd.

Dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium spp. 

Dwarf Oregon grape Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.

English holly Ilex aquifolium L.

English ivy Hedera helix L.

European black elderberry Sambucus nigra L.

Greanleaf manzanita Arctostaphylos patula Greene

Hairy manzanita Arctostaphylos columbiana Piper

Himalayan blackberry Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees

Kinnikinnick Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.

Manzanita Arctostaphylos spp. 
54

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Life form Common name Scientific name

Oregon boxleaf Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.

Oregon grape Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.

Pacific ninebark Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze

Pinemat manzanita Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray

Pipsissewa Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.

Pursh’s buckthorn Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper

Red elderberry Sambucus racemosa L.

Rose Rosa spp. 

Salal Gaultheria shallon Pursh

Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link

Scouler’s willow Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.

Skunkbush Rhus trilobata Nutt.

Snowberry Symphoricarpos spp. 

Snowbrush ceanothus Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.

Sticky whiteleaf manzanita Arctostaphylos viscida Parry

Thinleaf huckleberry Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.

Vine maple Acer circinatum Pursh

Willow Salix spp. 

Forbs: Brackenfern Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn

British Columbia wildginger Asarum caudatum Lindl.

Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Canada thistle Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.

Common beargrass Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.

Common yarrow Achillea millefolium L.

Hairy cat’s ear Hypochaeris radicata L.

Heartleaf arnica Arnica cordifolia Hook.

Horsetail Equisetum spp. 

Mugwort Artemisia douglasiana Bess.

Pacific trillium Trillium ovatum Pursh

Purple foxglove Digitalis purpurea L.

Spreading hedgeparsley Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link

St. John’s wort Hypericum perforatum L.

Stinging nettle Urtica dioica L.

Swordfern Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl

Thistle Cirsium spp. 

Western pearly everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.

Western wormwood Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.

Yellow star-thistle Centaurea solstitialis L.
55

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Life form Common name Scientific name

Graminoids: Bristly dogstail grass Cynosurus echinatus L.

Cheatgrass Bromus tectorum L.

Common velvetgrass Holcus lanatus L.

Compact brome Bromus madritensis L.

False brome Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) Beauv.

Medusahead Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski

Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata L.

Ripgut brome Bromus diandrus Roth

Silver hairgrass Aira caryophyllea L.

Slender oat Avena barbata Pott ex Link

Soft brome Bromus hordeaceus L.

Wild oat Avena fatua L.

Lichens: Beard lichen Usnea hirta (L.) F.H. Wigg.

Beard lichens Usnea spp. 

Brown-eyed sunshine lichen Vulpicida canadensis (Rasanen) J. E. Mattsson & M.J. Lai

Crottle Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach.

Lace lichen Ramalina menziesii Taylor

Lungwort lichen Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.

Old man’s beard Bryoria fremontii (Tuck.) Brodo & D. Hawksw.

Orange wall lichen Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Rieber

Rosette lichen Physcia adscendens (Fr.) H. Olivier

Witch’s hair lichen Alectoria sarmentosa (Ach.) Ach.

Wolf lichen Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue
56

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank all FIA crew members operating 

in California during the 2001–2010 field seasons for their 

hard work, significant input to improved protocol, and 

persistent attention to data quality throughout 10 years of 

plot measurements. We would also like to thank members 

of the Information Management team for compiling the 

California raw plot measurements into meaningful data for 

analysis. Like the field measurements, it’s also this team’s 

commitment to data quality that made this report possible. 

Additionally, thanks are due to the reviewers of this manuscript for their invaluable comments. 

Metric and English Equivalents

When you know: Multiply by: To find:

Inches 2.54 Centimeters

Feet 0.3048 Meters

Miles 1.609 Kilometers

Acres 0.405 Hectares

Board feet 0.0024 Cubic meters

Cubic feet 0.0283 Cubic meters

Cubic feet per acre 0.06997 Cubic meters per hectare

Square feet 0.0929 Square meters

Square feet per acre 0.229 Square meters per hectare

Ounce 28349.5 Milligrams

Pounds 0.453 Kilograms

Pounds per cubic foot 16.018 Kilograms per cubic meter

Tons per acre 2.24 Megagrams per hectare

Degrees Fahrenheit (°F – 32)/1.8 Degrees Celsius

British thermal units (Btu) 0.000293 Kilowatt hours 

Pounds per cubic foot 0.016 Grams per cubic centimeter
57

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

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Recognition of air pollution injury to vegetation: a 

pictorial atlas. 2nd ed. Sec. 2.0—Ozone. Pittsburgh, PA. 

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1999. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-238. Portland, OR: U.S. 

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Bechtold, W.A.; Patterson, P.L. 2005. The enhanced Forest 

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1658–1677.

Butler, B.J.; Leatherberry, E.C.; Williams, M.S. 2005.

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national woodland owner survery. Gen. Tech. Rep. 

NE-GTR-336. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department 

of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research 

Station. 43 p.

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Fire and Resource Assessment Program [FRAP)]. 

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report. 2010. http://frap.fire.ca.gov/data/assessment2010/

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Campbell, S.J.; Wanek, R.; Coulston, J.W. 2007.

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monitoring. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-722. Portland, 

OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Research Station. 53 p.

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Rep. PNW-GTR-763. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research 

Station. 183 p. 

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M.E.; Bailey, R.G.; King, T.; Russell, W.E. 1997.

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applications for sustainable forest and wildlife resources. 

New Haven, CT: Yale University Press: 181–200.

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definitions for old-growth Douglas-fir and mixed conifer 

forests in the Pacific Northwest and California. Res. 

Note. PNW-RN-447. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research 

Station. 15 p.

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Steuck, M.; Tyler, D. 2002. The National Elevation 

Dataset. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote 

Sensing. 68: 5–11. 

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common diseases and insect pests of Oregon and 

Washington conifers. R6-NR-FID-PR-01-06. Portland, 

OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Region. 327 p.

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resources in Washington and Oregon. Gen. Tech. Rep. 

PNW-GTR-584. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research 

Station. 123 p.

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MD: Society of American Foresters. 210 p.
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Homer, C.; Dewitz, J.; Fry, J.; Coan, M.; Hossain, N.; 

Larson, C.; Herold, N.; McKerrow, A.; VanDriel, 

J.N.; Wickham, J. 2007. Completion of the 2001 

National Land Cover Database for the conterminous 

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Jr.; Nowacki, G.J.; Carpenter, C.A., comps. 2005.

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conterminous United States. [CD-ROM]. Washington, 

DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 80 p. 

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practice of statistics. New York: W.H. Freeman and Co. 

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Christensen, G. 2012. California’s forest products 

industry and timber harvest, 2006. PNW-GTR-866. 

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Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research 

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Program, 620 SW Main Street, Suite 400, Portland, OR 

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Data Center. http://plants.usda.gov. (5 January 2015). 
59

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Glossary

abiotic—Pertaining to nonliving factors such as temperature, moisture, and wind.

aerial photography—Imagery acquired from an aerial 

platform (typically aircraft or helicopter) by means of a 

specialized large-format camera with well-defined optical 

characteristics. The geometry of the aircraft orientation at 

the time of image acquisition is also recorded. The resultant 

photograph will be of known scale, positional accuracy, and 

precision. Aerial photography for natural resource use is 

usually either natural color or color-infrared, and is filmbased or acquired using digital electronic sensors. 

air quality index—Value or set of values derived from a 

multivariate model that examines the composition of lichen 

communities at each plot to provide a relative estimate of 

air quality.

artificial regeneration—An artificially regenerated stand 

is established by planting or artificial seeding.

aspect—Compass direction that a slope faces.

basal area—The cross-sectional area of a tree’s trunk.

biodiversity—Variety and variability among living 

organisms and the ecological complexes in which they 

occur. Diversity can be defined as the number of different 

items and their relative frequencies. http://www.epa.gov/

OCEPAterms/bterms.html. (5 January 2015).

bioenergy—Renewable energy made available from materials derived from biological sources. http://en.wikipedia.

org/wiki/Bioenergy. (5 January 2015).

biomass—The aboveground weight of wood and bark in 

live trees 1.0 inch diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) and 

larger from the ground to the tip of the tree, excluding 

all foliage. The weight of wood and bark in lateral limbs, 

secondary limbs, and twigs under 0.5 inch in diameter at 

the point of occurrence on sapling-size trees is included in 

the measure, but on poletimber- and sawtimber-sized trees 

this material is excluded. Biomass is typically expressed as 

green or oven-dry weight in tons (USDA FS 2006). 

biosite index, ozone—A value calculated from the amount 

and severity of ozone injury at a site (biosite) that reflects 

local air quality and plant response and therefore potential 

risk of ozone impact in the area represented by that biosite 

(Campbell et al. 2007).

board foot—A volume measure of lumber 1 foot wide, 1 foot 

long, and 1 inch thick (12 in × 12 in x 1 in = 144 cubic inches). 

bole—Trunk or main stem of a tree.

carbon mass—The estimated weight of carbon stored 

within wood tissues. On average, carbon mass values are 

about half of biomass values for trees, and are summarized 

as thousand tons or mean tons per acre.

carbon sequestration—Incorporation of carbon dioxide 

into permanent plant tissues.

coarse woody material—Down dead tree and shrub boles, 

large limbs, and other woody pieces that are severed from 

their original source of growth. Coarse woody material also 

includes dead trees that are supported by roots, severed 

from roots, or uprooted, and leaning >45 degrees from vertical (USDA FS 2006).

corporate forest land—An ownership class of private forest 

lands owned by a company, corporation, legal partnership, 

investment firm, bank, timberland investment management 

organization (TIMO), or real estate investment trust (REIT). 

crown—The part of a tree or woody plant bearing live 

branches or foliage.

crown dieback—Recent mortality of branches with fine 

twigs, which begins at the terminal portion of a branch 

and proceeds toward the trunk. Dieback is only considered 

when it occurs in the upper and outer portions of the tree 

(USDA FS 2006).
60

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

crown fire—Fire that spreads across the tops of trees or 

shrubs more or less independently of a surface fire. Crown 

fires are sometimes classed as running (independent or 

active) or dependent (passive) to distinguish the degree of 

independence from the surface fire (Helms 1998).

current gross annual growth—The total growth of a given 

stand of trees, within a defined area, over the period of 1 year.

cyanolichen—Lichen species containing cyanobacteria, which 

fixes atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use. 

damage—Damage to trees caused by biotic agents such 

as insects, diseases, and animals or abiotic agents such as 

weather, fire, or mechanical equipment.

defoliation—Premature removal of foliage.

diameter at breast height (d.b.h.)—The diameter of a tree 

stem, located at 4.5 feet above the ground (breast height) on 

the uphill side of a tree. The point of diameter measurement 

may vary on abnormally formed trees (USDA FS 2006).

diameter at root collar (d.r.c.)—The diameter of a tree 

(usually a woodland species), measured outside of the bark 

at the ground line or stem root collar (USDA FS 2006).

dieback—Progressive dying from the extremity of any part 

of the plant. Dieback may or may not result in death of the 

entire plant (Helms 1998). 

disturbance—Any relatively discrete event in time that 

disrupts ecosystem, community, or population structure 

and changes resources, substrate availability, or the physical 

environment (Helms 1998). 

down woody material (DWM)—Dead material on the 

ground in various stages of decay, including coarse and 

fine woody material. Previously named down woody debris (DWD). The DWM indicator for Forest Inventory and 

Analysis includes measurements of depth of duff layer, litter 

layer, and overall fuelbed; fuel loading on the microplot; 

and residue piles (USDA FS 2006).

ecological region—A top-level scale in a hierarchical 

classification of ecological units subdivided on the basis of 

global, continental, and regional climatic regimes and broad 

physiography. Ecological regions (ecoregions) are further 

subdivided into domains, divisions, and provinces. The 

next level down in the hierarchy, subregion, is divided into 

ecological sections (ecosections) and subsections (Cleland et 

al. 1997). 

ecosection—A level in a hierarchical classification of ecological units for a geographic area delineated on the basis 

of similar climate, geomorphic processes, stratigraphy, 

geologic origin, topography, and drainage systems (Cleland 

et al. 1997).

ecosystem—A spatially explicit, relatively homogeneous 

unit of the Earth that includes all interacting organisms and 

components of the abiotic environment within its boundaries. An ecosystem can be of any size: a log, a pond, a 

field, a forest, or the Earth’s biosphere (Helms 1998).

elevation—Height above a fixed reference point, often the 

mean sea level. 

erosion—The wearing away of the land surface by running 

water, wind, ice, or other geological agents.

federal forest land—An ownership class of public lands 

owned by the U.S. government (USDA FS 2006).

fine woody material (FWM)—Down dead branches, 

twigs, and small tree or shrub boles <3 inches in diameter 

not attached to a living or standing dead source (USDA FS 

2006).

fire regime—The characteristic frequency, extent, intensity, severity, and seasonality of fires within an ecosystem 

(Helms 1998). 

fixed-radius plot—A circular sampled area with a specified 

radius in which all trees of a given size, shrubs, and other 

items are tallied (USDA FS 2006).
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California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

forb—A broad-leaved herbaceous plant, as distinguished 

from grasses, shrubs, and trees (USDA FS 2006).

forest industry land—An ownership class of private lands 

owned by a company or an individual(s) operating a primary wood-processing plant (USDA FS 2006).

forest land—Land that is at least 10 percent stocked by forest 

trees of any size, or land formerly having such tree cover, 

and not currently developed for a nonforest use. The minimum area for classification as forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, 

streamside, and shelterbelt strips of timber must be at least 120 

feet wide to qualify as forest land (USDA FS 2006).

forest type—A classification of forest land based on and 

named for the tree species that forms the plurality of livetree stocking (USDA FS 2006).

forest type group—A combination of forest types that 

share closely associated species or site requirements (USDA 

FS 2006).

fuel treatment—Any manipulation or removal of wildland fuels to reduce the likelihood of ignition or to lessen 

potential fire damage and resistance to control; e.g., lopping, 

chipping, crushing, piling, and burning. Synonym: fuel 

modification, hazard reduction (Helms 1998). 

fuelwood—Wood salvaged from mill waste, cull logs, 

branches, etc., and used to fuel fires in a boiler or furnace. 

fungus—Member of a group of saprophytic and parasitic 

organisms that lack chlorophyll, have cell walls made of 

chitin, and reproduce by spores; includes molds, rusts, 

mildews, smuts, and mushrooms. Fungi absorb nutrients 

from the organic matter in which they live. Not classified 

as plants; instead fungi are placed in the Kingdom: Fungi 

(Goheen and Willhite 2006). 

geospatial—The combination of spatial software and analytical methods with terrestrial or geographic data sets. 

Often used in conjunction with geographic information 

systems and geomatics.

graminoid—Grasses (family Gramineae or Poaceae) and 

grasslike plants such as sedges (family Cyperaceae) and 

rushes (family Juncaceae). 

grassland—Land on which the vegetation is dominated by 

grasses, grasslike plants, or forbs. 

greenhouse gas—A gas, such as carbon dioxide or methane, that contributes to potential climate change. http://

www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/gterms.html. (5 January 2015).

gross volume—Represents the total volume of wood within 

the bole of a tree and includes rotten, missing and form cull 

(volume loss due to rotten, missing, and form cull defect has not 

been deducted). Including estimated missing bole sections may 

substantially increase gross volume of some trees with significant breakage or previous harvest (USDA Forest Service 2006). 

growing-stock—All live trees 5 inches d.b.h or larger 

that are considered merchantable in terms of saw-log 

length and grade; excludes rough and rotten cull trees 

(USDA FS 2006).

hardwood—Tree species belonging to the botanical subdivision Angiospermae, class Dicotyledonous, usually broadleaved and deciduous (USDA FS 2006).

increment borer—An auger-like instrument with a hollow 

bit and an extractor, used to extract thin radial cylinders of 

wood (increment cores) from trees having annual growth 

rings, to determine increment or age (Helms 1998). 

interpolation—A method of reallocating attribute data 

from one spatial representation to another. Kriging is a 

more complex example that allocates data from sample 

points to a surface. 

invasive plant—A plant that is not native to the ecosystem 

under consideration and that causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human, animal, or 

plant health. http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/docs/council/isacdef.pdf. (5 January 2015).
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

ladder fuel—Combustible material that provides vertical 

continuity between vegetation strata and allows fire to climb 

into the crowns of trees or shrubs with relative ease. Ladder 

fuels help initiate and ensure the continuation of a crown 

fire (Helms 1998). 

lichen—An organism consisting of a fungus and an alga 

or cyanobacterium living in symbiotic association. Lichens 

look like masses of small, leafy, tufted or crust-like plants 

(USDA FS 2006).

live trees—All living trees, including all size classes, all tree 

classes, and both commercial and noncommercial species 

listed in the FIA field manual (USDA FS 2006).

mean annual increment (MAI) at culmination—A 

measure of the productivity of forest land expressed as the 

average increase in cubic feet of wood volume per acre per 

year. For a given species and site index, the mean is based 

on the age at which the MAI culminates for fully stocked 

natural stands. The MAI is based on the site index of the 

plot (Azuma et al. 2004).

mensuration—Determination of dimensions, form, weight, 

growth, volume, and age of trees, individually, or collectively, and of the dimensions of their products (Helms 1998). 

mesic—Describes sites or habitats characterized by intermediate moisture conditions; i.e., neither decidedly wet nor dry.

microclimate—The climate of a small area, such as that under a plant or other cover, differing in extremes of temperature 

and moisture from the larger climate outside (Helms 1998). 

MMBF—A million board feet of wood in logs or lumber. 

model—(1) An abstract representation of objects and events 

from the real world for the purpose of simulating a process, 

predicting an outcome, or characterizing a phenomenon. (2) 

Geographic information system (GIS) data representative 

of reality (e.g., spatial data models), including the arc-node, 

georelational model, rasters or grids, polygon, and triangular irregular networks (Helms 1998).

mortality—The death of trees from natural causes, or subsequent to incidents such as storms, wildfire, or insect and 

disease epidemics (Helms 1998). 

municipal land—Land owned by municipalities or land 

leased by them for more than 50 years (USDA FS 2006).

national forest lands—Federal lands that have been designated by Executive order or statute as national forest or 

purchase units and other lands under the administration of 

the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, including experimental areas and Bankhead-Jones Title III lands 

(Azuma et al. 2004).

Native American lands—Tribal lands and allotted lands 

held in trust by the federal government. Native American 

lands are grouped with farmer-owned and miscellaneous 

private lands as other private lands (Azuma et al. 2004).

native species—Plant species that were native to an 

American region prior to Euro-American settlement. For 

vascular plants, they are the species that are not present on 

the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) 

(2000) list of nonnative species (see nonnative species) 

(USDA NRCS 2000).

net primary production (NPP)—NPP represents the 

amount of chemical energy that is available to consumers 

in an ecosystem. It is the remaining energy from gross primary productivity discounting the loss of energy required 

by primary producers for respiration.

net volume—Gross volume less deductions for sound and 

rotten defects. Growing-stock net volume is gross volume 

(in cubic feet) less deductions for rot and missing bole 

sections on poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees. 

Sawtimber net volume is gross volume (in board feet) less 

deductions for rot, sweep, crook, missing bole sections, and 

other defects that affect the use of sawtimber trees for lumber (Azuma et al. 2004).
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California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

noncensus water—Lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and similar 

bodies of water 1.0 to 4.5 acres; and rivers, streams, canals, 

etc., 30.0 to 200 feet wide.

noncorporate forest land—Private forest land owned by 

nongovernmental conservation or natural resource organizations; unincorporated partnerships, associations, or clubs; 

individuals or families; or Native Americans.

nonforest inclusion—An area that is not forested, is less 

than 1.0 acre, and does not qualify as its own condition class 

(USDA FS 2006).

nonforest land—Land that has never supported forests or 

formerly was forested and currently is developed for nonforest uses. Included are lands used for agricultural crops, 

Christmas tree farms, cottonwood plantations, improved 

pasture, residential areas, city parks, constructed roads, 

operating railroads and their right-of-way clearings, and 

powerline and pipeline clearings. The area must be at least 

1.0 acre and 120.0 feet wide. 

nonnative species—Plant species that were introduced 

to America subsequent to Euro-American settlement. 

Nonnative vascular plants are present on the USDA Natural 

Resources Conservation Service list of nonnative species 

(USDA NRCS 2000).

nonstocked areas—Timberland that is less than 10 percent 

stocked with live trees. Recent clearcuts scheduled for planting are classified as nonstocked area (Azuma et al. 2004).

nontimber forest products (NTFP)—Species harvested 

from forests for reasons other than production of timber 

commodities. Vascular plants, lichens, and fungi are the 

primary organisms included in NTFPs.

old-growth forest—Old-growth forest is differentiated 

from younger forest by its structure and composition, and 

often by its function. Old-growth stands are typified by the 

presence of large older trees; variety in tree species, sizes, 

and spacing; multiple canopy layers; high amounts of standing and down dead wood; and broken, deformed, or rotting 

tops, trunks, and roots (Franklin et al. 1986). 

other forest—Forest land that is unproductive (land not capable of producing more than 20 cubic feet of wood per acre 

per year). In tables in which reserved and unreserved forest 

land are not broken out, “other forest” includes all reserved 

forest land as well as unproductive forest land. 

other private forest lands—Lands in private ownership 

and not reported separately. These may include coal companies, land trusts, and other corporate private landowners 

(USDA FS 2006).

overrun—Difference between the log scale of a shipment 

of timber and the actual volume of lumber obtained from it. 

http://forestry.about.com/library/glossary/blforglo.htm. (5 

January 2015).

overstory—That portion of the trees, in a forest of more than 

one story, forming the uppermost canopy layer (Helms 1998). 

owner class—A variable that classifies land into categories 

of ownership. Current ownership classes are listed in the 

FIA field manual (USDA FS 2006).

owner group—A variable that combines owner classes into 

the following groups: Forest Service, other federal agency, 

state and local government, and private. Differing categories of owner group on a plot require different conditions 

(USDA FS 2006).

ownership—A legal entity having an ownership interest 

in land, regardless of the number of people involved. An 

ownership may be an individual; a combination of persons; 

a legal entity such as corporation, partnership, club, or trust; 

or a public agency. An ownership has control of a parcel or 

group of parcels of land (USDA FS 2006).

ozone (O3), tropospheric—A regional, gaseous air pollutant 

produced primarily through sunlight-driven chemical reactions 
64

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

of nitrogen oxide (NO2) and hydrocarbons in the troposphere 

(the lowest layer of the atmosphere). Ozone plays a significant 

role in greenhouse warming and urban smog and causes foliar 

injury to deciduous trees, conifers, shrubs, and herbaceous 

species (Air and Waste Management Association 1998). 

pathogen—Parasitic organism directly capable of causing disease. 

photointerpretation (aerial photography)—A process 

where points or areas of interest on an aerial photograph are 

studied to determine information about land cover. The FIA 

program uses photointerpretation to determine whether field 

plots are forested or not, and the possible forest type and 

size class, and to analyze land cover and land use changes. 

prescribed burn—Deliberate burning of wildland fuels in 

either their natural or their modified state and under specified environmental conditions, usually to make the site less 

susceptible to severe wildfire. Synonym: controlled burn, 

prescribed fire (adapted from Helms 1998).

productive forest land—Forest land that is producing or 

capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre 

per year of wood at culmination of mean annual increment 

(MAI) without regard to reserved status (USDA FS 2006).

public land—An ownership group that includes all federal, state, county, and municipal lands (USDA FS 2006).

quadrat—The basic 3.28-square foot sampling unit for the 

Phase 3 Vegetation Indicator (USDA FS 2006).

rangeland—Expansive, mostly unimproved lands on 

which a significant proportion of the natural vegetation 

is native grasses, grass-like plants, forbs, and shrubs. 

Rangelands include natural grasslands, savannas, shrublands, many deserts, tundra, alpine communities, coastal 

marshes, and wet meadows. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Rangeland. (5 January 2015).

regeneration (artificial and natural)—The established 

progeny from a parent plant, seedlings or saplings existing 

in a stand, or the act of renewing tree cover by establishing 

young trees naturally or artificially. May be artificial (direct 

seeding or planting) or natural (natural seeding, coppice, or 

root suckers) (adapted from Helms 1998).

remote sensing—Capture of information about the Earth 

from a distant vantage point. The term is often associated 

with satellite imagery but also applies to aerial photography, airborne digital sensors, ground-based detectors, and 

other devices. 

reserved forest land—Land permanently reserved from wood 

products utilization through statute or administrative designation. Examples include national forest wilderness areas and 

national parks and monuments (USDA FS 2006).

richness—The number of different species in a given area, 

often referred to at the plot scale as alpha diversity and at 

the region scale as gamma diversity (USDA NRCS 2000).

riparian—Related to, living in, or associated with a wetland, such as the bank of a river or stream or the edge of a 

lake or tidewater. The riparian biotic community significantly influences and is influenced by the neighboring body 

of water (Helms 1998). 

sampling error—Difference between a population value 

and a sample estimate that is attributable to the sample, 

as distinct from errors due to bias in estimation, errors in 

observation, etc. Sampling error is measured as the standard 

error of the sample estimate (Helms 1998). 

sapling—A live tree 1.0 to 4.9 inches in diameter (USDA 

FS 2006).

saw log—A log meeting minimum standards of diameter, 

length, and defect for manufacture into lumber or plywood. 

The definition includes logs with a minimum diameter outside bark for softwoods of 7 inches (9 inches for hardwoods) 

(Azuma et al. 2004). 
65

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

sawtimber trees—Live softwood trees of commercial species at least 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and live hardwood trees of 

commercial species at least 11.0 inches in d.b.h. At least 25 

percent of the board-foot volume in a sawtimber tree must 

be free from defect. Softwood trees must contain at least 

one 12-foot saw log with a top diameter of not less than 7 

inches outside bark; hardwood trees must contain at least 

one 8-foot saw log with a top diameter of not less than 9 

inches outside bark (Azuma et al. 2004).

Scribner rule—The common board-foot log rule used to 

determine sawtimber volume. Scribner volume is estimated in terms of 32-foot logs for softwoods and 16-foot 

logs for hardwoods.

seedlings—Live trees <1.0 inch d.b.h. and at least 6 inches 

in height (softwoods) or 12 inches in height (hardwoods) 

(USDA FS 2006).

shrub—Perennial, multistemmed woody plant, usually less 

than 13 to 16 feet in height, although under certain environmental conditions shrubs may be single-stemmed or taller 

than 16 feet. Includes succulents (e.g., cacti) (USDA FS 

2007). 

shrubland—A shrub-dominated vegetation type that does 

not qualify as forest. 

slope—Measure of change in surface value over distance, 

expressed in degrees or as a percentage (Helms 1998). 

snag—Standing dead tree ≥5 inches d.b.h. and ≥4.5 feet in 

length, with a lean of <45 degrees. Dead trees leaning more 

than 45 degrees are considered to be DWM. Standing dead 

material shorter than 4.5 feet are considered stumps (USDA 

FS 2007).

species group—A collection of species used for reporting 

purposes (USDA FS 2006).

species turnover—A measure of difference in species composition among plots within an area (e.g., ecological section). 

Also known as beta diversity. Species turnover is calculated 

by dividing the total number of species in an area by the 

mean number of species per plot (USDA NRCS 2000). 

specific gravity constants—Ratio of the density (weight 

per unit volume) of an object (such as wood) to the density 

of water at 4 °C (39.2 °F) (Helms 1998). 

stand age—Average age of the live dominant and codominant trees in the predominant stand size class (USDA FS 

2006).

stand-size class—A classification of stands based on tree 

size. Large-diameter stands have the majority of trees at 

least 11.0 inches d.b.h. for hardwoods and 9.0 inches d.b.h. 

for softwoods; medium-diameter stands have the majority 

of trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. but not as large as large-diameter trees; and small-diameter stands have the majority 

of trees less than 5.0 inches d.b.h.

state land—An ownership class of public lands owned 

by states or lands leased by states for more than 50 years 

(USDA FS 2006).

stocked/nonstocked—In the FIA program, a minimum 

stocking value of 10 percent live trees is required for accessible forest land (USDA FS 2007).

stocking—(1) At the tree level, the density value assigned 

to a sampled tree (usually in terms of numbers of trees or 

basal area per acre), expressed as a percentage of the total 

tree density required to fully use the growth potential of the 

land. (2) At the stand level, the sum of the stocking values 

of all trees sampled (Bechtold and Patterson 2005).

stratification—A statistical tool used to reduce the variance of the attributes of interest by partitioning the population into homogenous strata (Bechtold and Patterson 2005). 

succession—The gradual supplanting of one community of 

plants by another (Helms 1998).
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

surface fire—A fire that burns only surface fuels, such as 

litter, loose debris, and small vegetation (Helms 1998).

sustainability—The capacity of forests, ranging from 

stands to ecoregions, to maintain their health, productivity, 

diversity, and overall integrity in the long run, in the context 

of human activity and use (Helms 1998).

terrestrial—Of or relating to the Earth or its inhabitants; of 

or relating to land as distinct from air or water. http://www.

merriam-webster.com/dictionary/terrestrial. (5 January 

2015).

timberland—Forest land that is producing or capable of 

producing >20 cubic feet per acre per year of wood at culmination of mean annual increment (MAI). Timberland 

excludes reserved forest lands (USDA FS 2006).

transect—A narrow sample strip or a measured line laid 

out through vegetation chosen for study (Helms 1998). 

tree—A woody perennial plant, typically large, with a 

single well-defined stem carrying a more or less definite 

crown; sometimes defined as attaining a minimum diameter 

of 3 inches and a minimum height of 15 feet at maturity. For 

FIA, any plant on the tree list in the current field manual is 

measured as a tree (USDA FS 2006).

understory—All forest vegetation growing under an overstory (Helms 1998).

unproductive forest land—Forest land that is not capable 

of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of 

wood at culmination of MAI without regard to reserved status (USDA FS 2006).

unreserved forest land—Forest land that is not withdrawn from harvest by statute or administrative regulation. 

Includes forest lands that are not capable of producing in 

excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrial wood 

in natural stands (Smith et al. 2004).

vascular plant—A plant possessing a well-developed 

system of conducting tissue to transport water, mineral 

salts, and sugars. http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/

Vascular_plant. (5 January 2015).

wilderness—(1) According to the Wilderness Act of 1964,

“a wilderness, in contrast with those areas where man and 

his works dominate the landscape, is hereby recognized as 

an area where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man himself is a visitor who does 

not remain.” (2) A roadless land legally classified as a component area of the National Wilderness Preservation System 

and managed to protect its qualities of naturalness, solitude, 

and opportunity for primitive recreation. Wilderness areas 

are usually of sufficient size to make maintenance in such a 

state feasible (Helms 1998).

wildfire—Any uncontained fire, other than prescribed fire, 

occurring on wildland. Synonym: wildland fire (adapted 

from Helms 1998).

wildland—Land other than that dedicated for uses such as 

agriculture, urban, mining, or parks (Helms 1998).

wildland forest—A large continuous tract of forest with 

few or no developed structures on it. Delineated on aerial 

imagery for the purpose of detecting land use change. The 

PNW-FIA program and the Oregon Department of Forestry 

jointly use a minimum of 640 acres with fewer than five 

developed structures to designate wildland forest.
67

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Appendix 1—Inventory Design and Methods

Field Design and Sampling Method

The Pacific Northwest Research Station’s Forest Inventory 

and Analysis (PNW-FIA) unit implemented the new annual 

inventory across all ownerships in California in 2001. The 

overall sampling design was a significant change from that 

of previous periodic inventories; the differences will be 

discussed more fully below. 

In the annual inventory system for the Pacific Northwest 

(Alaska, Washington, Oregon, and California), the objective 

is to measure approximately 10 percent of the annual plots 

across an entire state each year. This annual subsample 

is referred to as a panel. The plots measured in a single 

panel are selected to ensure systematic coverage within 

each county, spanning both publicly and privately owned 

forests, and including lands reserved from industrial wood 

production such as national parks, wilderness areas, and 

natural areas. Estimates of forest attributes can be derived 

from measurements of a single panel for areas as small as a 

survey unit or ecosection; however, such estimates are often 

imprecise because one panel represents only 10 percent 

of the full inventory sample. More precise statistics are 

obtained by combining data from multiple panels. Estimates 

from sampled plots in the 10 panels measured 2001–2010 

were combined to produce the statistics in this report. After 

all panels are initially measured (2010), from 2011 forward 

each panel is remeasured approximately every 10 years. 

The FIA program collects information in three phases. 

In phase 1, a sample of points is interpreted from remotely 

sensed imagery, either aerial photos or satellite data, and the 

landscape is stratified into meaningful groupings, such as 

forested and nonforested areas, ecologically similar regions, 

and forest types. In phase 2, field plots are measured for 

a variety of indicators that describe forest composition, 

structure, and the physical geography of the landscape. 

Phase 2 plots are spaced at approximate 3-mile intervals on 

a hexagonal grid throughout the forest. In phase 3, a 1/16 

sample of phase 2 plots is measured to assess forest health/

ecosystem indicators. Phase 3 is currently being modified to 

be a more flexible system incorporating different levels of 

effort in response to client needs and budget. 

Phase 1

The goal of phase 1 is to reduce the variance associated 

with estimates of forest land area and volume by dividing 

samples into similar groups. Digital imagery collected by 

remote-sensing satellites is classed into a few similar strata 

(such as forest or nonforest) by means of standard techniques for image classification, and the total area of each 

of these strata is used to assign a representative acreage 

to each sample plot. Source data were derived from 

digitized 1940s survey maps (Harrington 2003) as well as 

percentage of tree canopy density derived from Landsat 

Thematic Mapper (30-m resolution) imagery collected in 

2001 (Homer et al. 2007). The resulting classes, or strata 

(ranging from entirely forested to entirely nonforested, for 

example), are combined with other forest attributes likely 

to improve stratification effectiveness, such as owner class. 

For this report, separate strata are defined for national 

forest lands outside wilderness that were sampled at a 

greater density of plots than the FIA standard of 1 plot per 

6,000 acres. The resulting strata are collapsed as necessary 

to ensure that at least 10 plots are in each stratum. Stratified estimation is applied by assigning each plot to one of 

these collapsed strata and by calculating the area of each 

collapsed stratum in each estimation unit. The estimates 

from stratified data are usually more precise than those 

from unstratified estimates.

Phase 2

The nationally standardized plot installed at each forested 

phase 2 location is a cluster of four subplots spaced 120 

feet apart (fig. 57). Subplot 1 is in the center, with subplots 

2 through 4 uniformly distributed radially around it. Each 

point serves as the center of a 1/24-acre circular subplot 

used to sample all trees at least 5.0 inches in diameter at 

breast height (d.b.h.). A 1/300-acre microplot, with its center 

located just east of each subplot center, is used to sample 

trees 1.0 to 4.9 inches d.b.h., as well as seedlings (trees less 

than 1.0 inch d.b.h.). On all lands in California , a 1⁄4-acre 

“macroplot” (58.9-foot radius) around each subplot center is 

used to tally trees larger than 24 inches d.b.h. On national 

forests in California, a hectare plot (a 185.1-foot fixed-radius plot centered on subplot 1) is also established to tally 
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

trees larger than 32 inches d.b.h. in the eastern part of the 

Northwest Forest Plan area and larger than 48 inches d.b.h. 

in the western part of the Northwest Forest Plan area. 

All phase 2 plots classified by aerial photography as 

possibly being forested are established in the field without 

regard to land use or land cover. Field crews delineate areas 

within the plot that are comparatively less heterogeneous 

than the plot as a whole with regard to reserved status, 

owner group, forest type, stand size class, regeneration status, and tree density; these areas are described as condition 

classes. The process of delineating these condition classes 

on a fixed-radius plot is called mapping. All measured trees 

are assigned to the mapped condition class in which they 

are located. 

On phase 2 plots, crews assess physical characteristics 

such as slope, aspect, and elevation; stand characteristics 

such as age, size class, forest type, disturbance, site productivity, and regeneration status; and tree characteristics 

such as tree species, diameter, height, damages, decay, 

and vertical crown dimensions. They also collect general 

descriptive information such as soil depth, proximity to 

water and roads, and the geographic position of the plot 

in the larger landscape. In California, crews also assess 

regional variables: height and cover of understory species, 

the structure of live and dead fuels, and the structure and 

composition of down wood (see “Core, Core-Optional, and 

Regional Variables” section below).

Source: U.S. Forest Service

 Pacific Northwest Research Station

 Forest Inventory and Analysis

Microplot (6.8-ft radius): 

Tally seedlings and saplings.

Collect fuels data.

Subplot (6.8-ft radius): 

Tally all trees 5-in d.b.h. or greater.

Measure understory vegetation.

Annular plot (58.9-ft radius): 

For sample intensification

or sampling rare plants.

Hectare plot (185.1-ft radius): 

Tally large trees (>32-in d.b.h. eastern

Oregon, >48-in d.b.h. western Oregon).

Transects:

Tally coarse and fine woody debris.

Collect ground cover data.

N

S

W E

0 12.5 25

Feet

50

Figure 57—The Forest Inventory and Analysis plot design used in California, 2001–2010. D.b.h. = diameter at breast height.
69

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

The FIA program sampled 5,575 forested phase 2 plots 

in California between 2001 and 2010 on the standard national 

plot grid. Estimates of timber volume and other forest 

attributes were derived from tree measurements and classifications made at each plot. Volumes for individual tally trees 

were computed with equations for each of the major species 

in California. Estimates of growth, removals, and mortality 

for non-national-forest timberland were determined from 

the remeasurement of 280 forested sample plots established 

in previous inventories. Estimates of growth, removals, and 

mortality for national forest land were determined from the 

remeasurement of 1,627 forested sample plots first measured 

by the Pacific Southwest Region of the National Forest 

System (Region 5) between 2001 and 2006 with the annual 

FIA design, then remeasured between 2006 and 2010.

Phase 3 Ecosystem Indicators

More extensive forest health measurements were collected 

in a 16-week period during the growing season (when most 

plants are in full leaf and many are flowering) on a subset 

(1/16) of phase 2 sample locations. At these phase 3 plots, 

measurements were taken on tree crowns, soils, lichens, 

down woody material, and (in some years) understory vegetation in addition to the phase 2 variables. One forest health 

measurement, ozone injury, was conducted on a separate 

grid with all 65 ozone plots measured annually. 

The FIA program sampled 2,513 phase 3 plots in California between 2000 and 2010. The relatively small number 

of phase 3 samples is intended to serve as a broad-scale 

detection monitoring system for forest health problems. 

Budget uncertainties in 2011 resulted in the cessation of 

phase 3 data collection nationally. Forest Inventory and 

Analysis units and clients across the Nation have expressed 

interest in reevaluating our Forest Health program and 

working together to shape future directions. Therefore, the 

phase 3 protocols are evolving into a more flexible system 

that is more fully integrated with the FIA core program. 

Core, Core-Optional, and Regional Variables

The majority of FIA variables collected in California are 

identical to those collected by FIA elsewhere in the United 

States—these are national “core” or “core optional” variables (as the name suggests, collection of core optional variables is optional, but, if collected, they must be collected 

in the same way everywhere). A number of other variables 

are unique to PNW-FIA. These are “regional” variables and 

include such items as down woody material and understory 

vegetation on Phase 2 plots (not to be confused with down 

woody and understory vegetation on phase 3 plots, which 

are measured using a slightly different protocol), as well as 

insect and disease damage, a record of previous disturbance 

on the plot, and measurements for special studies. 

Data Processing

The data used for this report are stored in the FIA National 

Information Management System (NIMS). The NIMS provides a means to input, edit, process, manage, and distribute 

FIA data. It includes a process for data loading, a national set 

of edit checks to ensure data consistency, an error-correction 

process, approved equations and algorithms, code to compile 

and calculate attributes, a table report generator, and routines 

to populate the presentation database. It applies numerous 

algorithms and equations to calculate, for example, stocking, 

forest type, stand size, volume, and biomass. The NIMS also 

generates estimates and associated statistics based on county 

areas and stratum weights developed outside of NIMS. 

Additional FIA statistical design and estimation techniques 

are further reviewed in Bechtold and Patterson (2005).

Statistical Estimates

Throughout this report, we have published sampling errors 

(SE) for most of our estimates. These SEs account for the 

fact that we measured only a small sample of the forest 

(thereby producing a sample-based estimate) and not the 

entire forest (which is the population parameter of interest). 

Because of small sample sizes or high variability within 

the population, some estimates can be very imprecise. The 

reader is encouraged to take the SE into account when 

drawing any inference. One way to consider this type of 

uncertainty is to construct confidence intervals. Customarily, 66- or 95-percent confidence intervals are used. A 

95-percent confidence interval means that one can be 95 

percent confident that the interval contains the true population parameter of interest. For more details about confidence 
70

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

intervals, please consult Moore and McCabe (1989) or other 

statistical literature. 

It is relatively easy to construct approximate 66- or 

95-percent confidence intervals by multiplying the SE 

by 1.0 (for 66-percent confidence intervals) or 1.96 (for 

95-percent confidence intervals) and subtracting and adding 

this to the estimate itself. For example, in table A2 of 

appendix 2, we estimated the total timberland in California 

to be 17,128,100 acres with an SE of 185,700. A 95-percent 

confidence interval for the total timberland area ranges from 

16,764,100 to 17,492,100 acres.

The reader may want to assess whether or not two 

estimates are significantly different from each other. The 

statistically correct way to address this is to estimate the 

SE of the difference of two estimates, and either construct 

a confidence interval or use the equivalent z-test. However, 

this requires the original inventory data. It is often reasonable to assume that two estimates are nearly uncorrelated. 

For example, plots usually belong to one and only one owner. 

The correlation between estimates for different owners will 

be very small. If both estimates can be assumed to be nearly 

uncorrelated, the SE of the difference can be estimated by 

Using the SE of the difference, a confidence interval of 

the difference can be constructed with this method.

If two estimates are based on data that occur on the 

same plot at the same time, the above equation should not be 

used. For example, appendix 2 table A36 contains estimates 

of tree volume by diameter class. If the reader wants to 

compare the volume of trees in the diameter class 9.0 to 

10.9 d.b.h. (5.16 billion cubic feet) with that of trees in the 

diameter class 21.0 to 22.9 d.b.h. (5.73 billion cubic feet), 

the covariance between the estimates is not zero and this 

equation should not be used.

There are two other approaches the reader could possibly consider, but we do not recommend them. The first is to 

construct a confidence interval for one estimate and evaluate whether the other estimate falls within the interval. The 

problem is that unless both estimates are highly positively

correlated, this approach will lead to a too-small confidence 

2 2

Difference Estimate 1 Estimate 2 SE SE SE = +

interval. The second approach is to construct confidence 

intervals for both estimates and determine whether or not 

they overlap. The problem here is that unless both estimates 

are highly negatively correlated, this approach will be very 

conservative. For more complex and indepth analysis, the 

reader may contact the PNW-FIA unit.

All estimates—means, totals, and their associated 

SE—are based on the poststratification methods described 

by Bechtold and Patterson (2005).

Access Denied, Hazardous, or Inaccessible Plots

Although every effort was made to visit all field plots that 

were entirely or partially forested, some were not sampled 

for a variety of reasons. Field crews may have been unable 

to obtain permission from the landowner to access the plot 

(“denied access”), and there were some plots that were 

impossible for crews to safely reach or access (“hazardous/

inaccessible”). Some private landowners deny access to 

their land, but privately owned plots usually are not as 

hazardous or inaccessible as plots on public lands. Although 

permission to visit public lands is almost always granted, 

some public land lies in higher elevation areas that can be 

very dangerous or impossible to reach.

This kind of missing data can introduce bias into the 

estimates if the nonsampled plots tend to be different from 

the entire population. Plots that are obviously nonforested 

(based on aerial photos) are rarely visited, and therefore 

the proportion of denied-access, hazardous, or inaccessible 

plots is significantly smaller than it is for forested plots. 

The poststratification approach outlined in Bechtold 

and Patterson (2005) removes nonsampled plots from the 

sample. Estimates are adjusted for plots that are partially 

nonsampled by increasing the estimates by the nonsampled 

proportion within each stratum. To reduce the possible bias 

introduced by nonsampled plots, we delineated five broad 

strata groups: census water, forested public land, nonforested public land, forested private land, and nonforested 

private land. Some of these five broad strata groups were 

further divided into smaller strata to reduce the variance. 

Percentage of denied-access and hazardous/inaccessible 

plots for each of the five broad strata groups for California 

2001–2010, are shown in the following tabulation:
71

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Strata group Total plots Denied access

Hazardous/

inaccessible

Other 

nonsampled

Percent

Census water 833 0.12 0 0

Private forest 2,267 17.15 1.71 0.62

Private nonforest 5,977 4.88 0.15 0.13

Public forest 3,183 0.66 3.40 0.13

Public nonforest 5,381 0.33 1.29 0.06

Total 17,641 4.08 1.28 0.16

Timber Products Output Survey

The timber products information presented in this report 

was based on a census of California’s timber processors 

and out-of-state processors that use California timber. 

The census was conducted by the University of Montana’s 

Bureau of Business and Economic Research in cooperation 

with PNW-FIA (Morgan et al. 2012). Through a written 

questionnaire or a phone interview, forest products manufacturers provided the following information for each of 

their facilities: plant production capacity and employment; 

volume of raw material received, by county and ownership; 

species of timber received; finished product volumes, types, 

sales value, and market locations; and utilization and marketing of manufacturing residue. This survey is designed to 

determine the size and composition of California’s timber 

harvest and forest products industry, the industry’s use 

of forest resources, and the generation and disposition of 

wood residues.

National Woodland Owner Survey

This survey of private forest owners (Butler et al. 2005) 

is conducted annually by the USDA Forest Service FIA 

Program to increase our understanding of private woodland owners. Questionnaires are mailed to individuals 

and private groups who own woodlands in which FIA has 

established forest inventory plots. Nationally, 20 percent of 

these owners (about 50,000) are contacted each year, and 

questionnaires with more detail are sent to coincide with 

national census, inventory, and assessment programs. For 

California, 432 private noncorporate woodland owners were 

sent questionnaires, and the 166 that were returned provide 

the data that were summarized and presented in this report.

Periodic Versus Annual Inventories

The PNW-FIA program began fieldwork for the fifth 

inventory of California in 2001. This was the first inventory 

that used the annual inventory system, in which 1/10 of all 

forested plots (referred to as one panel) were visited each 

year. The first statewide panel of field plots was completed 

in 2001. By 2010, all field plots in the state had been 

measured, prompting production of another congressionally 

mandated 5-year analysis of California’s forest resources as 

an update to the previous report (Christensen et al. 2008). 

Data from new inventories are often compared with 

those from earlier inventories to determine trends in forest 

resources. However, for the comparisons to be valid, the 

procedures used in the two inventories should ideally 

be identical. Previous inventories of California’s forest 

resources were completed in 1974, 1983, and 1994. These 

were periodic inventories in which all timberland plots 

in the state (outside of national forests and reserved areas 

such as national parks) were visited within a 2- or 3-year 

window. The last periodic inventory on national forests was 

completed in 1999.

As a result of our ongoing efforts to improve the 

efficiency and reliability of the inventory and to conform 

to the national annual inventory design adopted by all FIA 

units, several changes in procedures and definitions have 

been made since the last California inventory in 1994. 

These changes included an increase in plot density of about 

18 percent, a new plot footprint (changing from a five-subplot configuration, in which about 2.5 acres were sampled, 

to a four-subplot configuration in which less than 1 acre is 

sampled) (fig. 58), a new set of nationally consistent measurement protocols, a plot visitation schedule that calls for 
72

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

sampling of 10 percent of all forested plots in the state each 

year, and changes in timberland classification protocols. 

Although these changes will have little impact on statewide 

estimates of forest area, timber volume, and tree biomass, 

they have significantly affected estimates of timberland area 

(see below) and may affect plot classification variables such 

as forest type and stand size class, especially for estimates 

at the county level. 

Disparities in timberland area estimates for California 

between periodic and annual inventories resulted from 

protocol changes for gathering site index data at each plot. 

Estimates of timberland area from the annual inventory are 

noticeably larger than timberland estimates reported from 

periodic inventories in California. One reason for this is a 

significant change in the procedures used to classify forest 

land as either productive timberland or unproductive forest 

land. In the periodic inventory of the mid 1990s, forest land 

was often classified using aerial photos or stratified map 

layers, before plots were assessed in the field. Classifications were based on a number of factors such as species 

present, density/cover of trees, and geographic location. 

Timberland was defined as forests capable of producing at 

least 20 ft3

� ac-1� yr-1 of continuous crops of commercial 

trees, where “commercial” was defined in terms of size and 

quality of roundwood suitable for lumber or other manufactured products. All other forests (those not classified 

as timberland via aerial photos or field assessment) were 

assigned one of the “unproductive” forest land labels (oak 

woodland or pinyon-juniper, for example). Site trees were 

used to determine site index and the associated productivity 

index (mean annual increment, MAI) on all timberland 

plots. In some cases, the calculated MAI fell below the 20 

ft3 � ac-1� yr-1 threshold, resulting in several plots being 

reclassified as unproductive forest. 

With the intent of developing a more objective approach 

to classifying forest land after the advent of annual 

inventory (which began in California in 2001), FIA began 

collecting site trees on all forest land, including unproductive land. As before, MAI is the basis for assigning a site 

class to every forest condition on the plot, which, in turn, 

is used to determine whether forest land is timberland or 

unproductive forest. Because there are a limited number of 

site index equations available for each species, and there can 

be difficulty in locating a representative site tree on some 

poor sites, the calculated MAI is sometimes unrepresentative of actual productivity. Thus, FIA now also uses certain 

tree species as indicators for low-productivity sites similar 

to what had been done during the periodic inventory. 

Figure 58—Relationship of periodic (upper, black figure) and 

annual (lower, red figure) inventory plot designs. Note that only 

one subplot center overlaps for both designs.
73

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Appendix 2—Summary Data Tables

The following tables contain basic information about the 

forest resources of California as they relate to the discussions of current forest issues and basic resource information 

presented in this report. These tables aggregate data to a 

variety of levels, including county, ecosection, owner group, 

and forest type, allowing Pacific Northwest Research Station Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) inventory results 

to be applied at various scales and used for various analyses. 

Many other tables could be generated from the California 

annual data, but space limits us to just the key ones. Data 

are also available for download in nonsummarized form at 

www.fia.fs.fed.us. 

The national FIA web site (http://www.fia.fs.fed.us/

tools-data/default.asp) contains a tool for querying the 

California annual data and generating custom tables or maps. 

Some of the tables in this appendix contain summaries of 

regional variables; data for regional 

variables currently are not included in 

the national FIA database (FIADB). 

Additional information on regional 

variables, field manuals, and local contact information is available at: http://

www.fs.fed.us/pnw/rma/index.php. 

Note that information in the tables presented and in 

those generated from the FIADB may differ. As new data 

are added each year to FIADB, any tables generated from it 

will be based on the current full set of data in FIADB (e.g., 

2002–2011, 2003–2012, etc.), whereas tables in this publication contain data from only 2001–2010. The user can take 

a snapshot of data from FIADB by selecting the desired 

years and generating tables that are similar, but probably 

not identical, to those presented here owing to quality 

assurance updates. 

Number of Plots

Table A2-1—Number of Forest Inventory and Analysis plots 

measured in California from 2001 through 2010, by sample 

status, land class, and ownership group

Area 

Table A2-2—Area of sampled land and water, by land status 

and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-3—Area of forest land, by county and land status, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-4—Area of forest land, by county and ownership 

group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-5—Area of forest land, by ownership and land 

status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-6—Area of forest land, by forest type group and 

land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-7—Area of forest land, by forest type group and 

site productivity class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-8—Area of forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-9—Area of forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-10—Area of forest land, by forest type group and 

stand age class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-11—Area of forest land by ecological section and 

land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-12—Area of forest land, by forest type group and 

stand origin, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-13—Area of timberland, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010
74

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Number of Live Trees

Table A2-14—Number of live trees on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-15—Number of dead trees on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-16—Number of live trees on forest land, by 

county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-17—Number of dead trees on forest land, by 

county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-18—Number of live trees on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-19—Number of dead trees on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-20—Number of live trees on forest land, by forest 

type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-21—Number of dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-22—Average number of live trees per acre on 

forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-23—Average number of dead trees per acre on 

forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-24—Number of growing-stock trees on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Tree Volume 

Table A2-25—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-26—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-27—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-28—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-29—Net cubic volume of live trees on forest land, 

by county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-30—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand size class, California, 2001–

2010

Table A2-31—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand size class, California, 2001–

2010

Table A2-32—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–

2010

Table A2-33—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–

2010

Table A2-34—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

species group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-35—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

species group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-36—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-37—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-38—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand origin, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-39—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand origin, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-40—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010
75

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-41—Gross volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-42—Average net volume per acre of live trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-43—Average gross volume per acre of dead trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-44—Average net volume per acre of live trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-45—Average gross volume per acre of dead trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-46—Average net volume of live trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-47—Average gross volume per acre of dead trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-48—Net volume of growing-stock trees on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-49—Net volume of growing-stock trees on timberland, by species group and ownership group, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-50—Net volume of sawtimber-sized trees on timberland, by species group and ownership group, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-51—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber trees on timberland, by county and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-52—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of 

sawtimber trees on timberland, by forest type group and 

ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-53—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of 

sawtimber trees on timberland, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2000-2010

Table A2-54—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of 

sawtimber trees on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-55—Net board-foot volume (International 1⁄4-inch 

rule) of sawtimber trees on timberland, by species group 

and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-56—Net board-foot volume (International 1⁄4-inch 

rule) of sawtimber trees on timberland, by species group 

and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-57—Average net board-foot volume per acre 

(Scribner rule) of sawtimber trees on timberland, by forest 

type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-58—Average net board-foot volume per acre 

(Scribner rule) of sawtimber trees on timberland, by forest 

type group and stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Biomass

Table A2-59—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-60—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-61—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-62—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-63—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 

2001–2010
76

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-64—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-65—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and stand size class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-66—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and stand size class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-67—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-68—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-69—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-70—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-71—Aboveground green biomass of live trees 

on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-72—Aboveground green biomass of live trees on 

forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-73—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by forest type group and ownership 

group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-74—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

dead trees on forest land by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-75—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-76—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand 

size class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-77—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand age 

class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-78—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand age 

class, California, 2001–2010

Carbon 

Table A2-79—Aboveground carbon mass of live trees 

on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-80—Aboveground carbon mass of dead trees 

on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-81—Aboveground carbon mass of live trees on 

forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-82—Aboveground carbon mass of dead trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-83—Aboveground carbon mass of live trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-84—Aboveground carbon mass of dead trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-85—Aboveground carbon mass of live trees on 

forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010
77

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-86—Aboveground carbon mass of dead trees on 

forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-87—Average aboveground carbon mass per hectare of live trees on forest land, by forest type group and 

ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-88—Average aboveground carbon mass per hectare of dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and 

ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-89—Average aboveground carbon mass per 

hectare of live trees on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-90—Average aboveground carbon mass per hectare of dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Down Wood

Table A2-91—Volume of down wood on forest land, by 

forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-92—Biomass of down wood on forest land, 

by forest type group and down wood diameter class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-93—Carbon mass of down wood on forest 

land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-94—Number of pieces of down wood on forest 

land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-95—Biomass of down wood on forest land, 

by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-96—Carbon mass of down wood on forest land, 

by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-97—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-98—Carbon mass of down wood on forest land, 

by county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-99—Average volume per acre of down wood on 

forest land by, forest type group and down wood diameter 

class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-100—Average biomass per acre of down wood on 

forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter 

class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-101—Average carbon mass per hectare of down 

wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood 

diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-102—Average number of pieces per acre of down 

wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood 

diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-103—Average biomass per acre of down wood on 

forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land 

status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-104—Average biomass per acre of down wood 

on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-105—Average biomass per acre of down wood on 

forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–

2010

Combined Live Trees and Dead Wood (Standing 

Dead Trees and Down Wood)

Table A2-106—Average biomass per acre of all dead wood 

(dead trees and down wood) on forest land, by county and 

land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-107—Volume of live trees, dead trees, and down 

wood on forest land, by stand age class, California, 2001–

2010
78

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-108—Biomass of live trees, dead trees, and down 

wood on forest land, by stand age class, California, 2001–

2010

Table A2-109—Carbon mass of live trees, dead trees and 

down wood on forest land, by stand age class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-110—Average volume per acre of live trees, dead 

trees, and down wood on forest land, by stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-111—Average biomass per acre of live trees, dead 

trees, and down wood on forest land, by stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-112—Average carbon mass per hectare of live 

trees, dead trees, and down wood on forest land, by stand 

age class, California, 2001–2010

National Forest 

Table A2-113—Area of forest land, by national forest and 

land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-114—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-115—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–

2010

Table A2-116—Aboveground carbon mass of live trees on 

forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-117—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by 

national forest and down wood diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-118—Average net volume per acre of live trees on 

forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-119—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by national forest and land status, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-120—Average aboveground carbon mass per hectare of live trees on forest land, by national forest and land 

status, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-121—Average biomass per acre of down wood 

on forest land, by national forest and down wood diameter 

class, California, 2001–2010

Tree Damage 

Table A2-122—Number of live trees with damage on forest 

land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-123—Gross volume of live trees with damage 

on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010

Timber Products Output and Removals 

Table A2-125—Total roundwood output by product, species 

group, and source of material, California, 2006

Table A2-126—Volume of timber removals by type of removal, source of material, species group, California, 2006

Nontimber Forest Products

Table A2-127—Estimated area of forest land covered by the 

most abundant vascular plant nontimber forest products, by 

plant group and species, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-128—Percentage of forested plots with selected 

lichen nontimber forest products present, by species, 

California, 2001–2005
79

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Tree Crowns 

Table A2-129—Estimated mean crown density and other 

statistics for live trees on forest land, by species group, 

California, 2001–2010

Table A2-130—Estimated mean foliage transparency and 

other statistics for live trees on forest land, by species 

group, California, 2001–2010

Table A2-131—Estimated mean crown dieback and other 

statistics for live trees on forest land, by species group, 

California, 2001–2010

Understory Vegetation 

Table A2-132—Estimated area of forest land covered by 

selected nonnative vascular plant species and number 

of sample plots, by life form and species, California, 

2001–2010

Table A2-133—Mean cover of understory vegetation on 

forest land, by forest type group and life form, California 

2001–2010

Table A2-134—Mean of understory vegetation by forest type class, age class group, and life form, California 

2001–2010

Lichens 

Table A2-135—Summary of lichen community indicator 

species richness on forest land, by location, California, 

1998–2001, 2003

Table A2-136—Summary of lichen community indicator 

climate index parameters on forest land, for the moisture 

gradient of Jovan and McCune’s (2004) model, California, 

1998–2001, 2003

Table A2-137—Summary of lichen community indicator 

climate index parameters on forest land, for the temperature 

gradient of Jovan and McCune’s (2004) model. California, 

1998–2001, 2003

Table A2-138—Summary of lichen community indicator air 

quality index parameters on forest land, by type of parameter, Greater Central Valley, California, 1998–2001, 2003

Table A2-139—Summary of lichen community indicator air 

quality index parameters on forest land, by type of parameter, Greater Sierra Nevada, California, 1998–2001, 2003

Ozone Injury

Table A2-140—Ozone injury summary information from 

ozone biomonitoring plots, by year, California, 2000–2009

Evidence of Fire

Table A2-141—Forest land area on which evidence of fire 

was observed, by year and ecosection group, California, 

1995–2009
80

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-1—Number of Forest Inventory and Analysis plots measured in California from 2001 through

 2010, by sample status, land class, and ownership group

Sampled status and land class National forest Other public Private Total

Number of plots

Sampled plots:

Forest land plots:

Softwood types 2,040 468 868 3,331

Hardwood types 708 330 1,257 2,280

Nonstocked 115 18 37 170

Total 2,759 799 2,090 5,575

Nonforest land plots 1,074 4,512 6,196 11,742

Unsampled plots:

Denied access 26 13 714 753

Hazardous 207 78 90 375

Total 234 95 828 1,156

All plots 3,555 5,183 8,282 16,837

Note: Totals are not additive because one plot can contain more than one forest type, land class, and sample status.
81

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-2—Area of sampled land and water, by land status and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Land status Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Unreserved forest land:

Timberland 9,140.5 138.6 326.4 43.7 168.3 30.6 4,057.8 120.7 3,435.1 123.1 7,492.9 125.7 17,128.1 185.7

Other forest land 2,945.9 109.7 1,227.1 77.2 318.4 41.6 485.0 52.1 4,845.1 138.3 5,330.1 141.9 9,821.4 195.0

Total 12,086.4 146.4 1,553.5 85.4 486.6 51.4 4,542.8 129.2 8,280.1 170.6 12,823.0 157.7 26,949.5 220.5

Reserved forest land:

Productive forest land 2,390.7 105.7 989.4 60.0 318.2 41.3 — — — — — — 3,698.3 127.0Other forest land 1,109.4 75.5 736.4 59.6 322.0 42.6 — — — — — — 2,167.8 104.2

Total 3,500.0 124.3 1,725.8 73.8 640.2 58.2 — — — — — — 5,866.0 153.5

All forest land 15,586.4 110.4 3,279.3 103.9 1,126.8 75.3 4,542.8 129.2 8,280.1 170.6 12,823.0 157.7 32,815.5 201.0

Nonforest land and water:

Nonforest land 4,940.7 104.7 23,081.7 157.9 2,790.7 125.6 923.5 69.7 35,093.8 182.5 36,017.3 175.9 66,830.5 208.4

Noncensus water 6.4 4.0 6.4 3.3 3.7 2.3 7.3 6.2 62.5 18.4 69.8 19.4 86.3 20.2

Census water 169.5 29.6 563.7 56.5 3,957.3 80.6 69.0 19.7 273.3 38.8 342.4 43.3 5,032.9 63.0

Total 5,116.6 107.4 23,651.8 166.8 6,751.8 147.4 999.8 72.9 35,429.7 184.2 36,429.5 178.3 71,949.7 201.2

All sampled area 20,703.0 60.2 26,931.1 164.1 7,878.6 166.1 5,542.6 150.0 43,709.8 193.8 49,252.4 147.4 104,765.2 33.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
82

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-3—Area of forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Alameda 6.4 5.9 80.1 21.7 86.6 22.5 — — 19.7 10.8 19.7 10.8 106.2 24.9 Alpine 117.9 25.8 70.0 20.0 188.0 33.2 157.1 30.2 59.8 18.8 216.9 35.2 404.9 47.5 Amador 124.1 26.4 77.7 20.9 201.9 33.2 16.2 9.6 6.1 6.2 22.3 11.4 224.1 35.0 Butte 388.2 47.0 130.5 27.1 518.7 53.8 — — 12.4 8.7 12.4 8.7 531.2 54.5 Calaveras 201.9 32.8 227.8 35.3 429.7 47.2 6.2 6.3 — — 6.2 6.3 435.8 47.6 Colusa 48.6 17.5 162.2 30.8 210.8 35.1 — — 6.7 6.4 6.7 6.4 217.5 35.7

Contra Costa — — 23.9 10.9 23.9 10.9 5.5 6.0 13.8 8.1 19.3 10.0 43.2 14.8

Del Norte 483.8 50.2 49.7 17.3 533.5 52.1 89.8 22.9 4.0 5.1 93.8 23.4 627.3 54.9

El Dorado 640.7 57.9 124.3 26.0 765.1 62.9 51.3 17.6 26.1 11.8 77.4 20.8 842.5 65.4

Fresno 279.5 38.9 341.3 43.2 620.8 58.0 388.7 45.6 257.3 38.4 646.0 58.5 1,266.8 78.9

Glenn 99.2 24.7 94.7 22.8 193.8 33.6 5.9 6.2 — — 5.9 6.2 199.7 34.0

Humboldt 1,511.5 82.6 90.2 23.1 1,601.7 84.8 198.8 33.0 — — 198.8 33.0 1,800.5 87.7

Imperial — — 54.0 18.5 54.0 18.5 — — 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 58.3 19.0

Inyo 16.9 10.0 274.9 33.9 291.8 35.5 12.6 8.8 271.7 36.4 284.2 37.4 576.0 46.5Kern 157.9 30.6 566.8 56.5 724.7 64.1 — — 72.7 21.0 72.7 21.0 797.4 67.0

Lake 192.0 32.7 162.5 29.9 354.6 44.0 10.9 7.4 18.3 10.5 29.2 12.9 383.8 45.6

Lassen 854.0 66.9 489.9 49.4 1,343.9 82.0 36.6 14.6 — — 36.6 14.6 1,380.6 83.0

Los Angeles 61.4 18.1 149.9 27.8 211.4 32.6 11.0 7.7 26.3 12.6 37.3 14.8 248.7 35.3

Madera 223.3 35.3 316.7 42.5 540.0 55.3 146.9 29.6 36.2 13.8 183.0 32.5 723.0 63.7

Marin 23.7 11.8 34.7 13.3 58.4 17.8 18.8 11.1 11.2 7.8 30.0 13.4 88.4 22.2

Mariposa 149.9 29.7 255.1 38.7 405.0 48.4 196.2 32.6 42.6 16.1 238.9 35.1 643.9 59.7

Mendocino 1,302.9 75.0 361.1 43.6 1,664.0 82.9 25.3 12.8 30.4 13.9 55.7 18.8 1,719.7 84.6

Merced — — 24.9 11.1 24.9 11.1 — — 6.9 6.6 6.9 6.6 31.8 12.9Modoc 690.0 60.9 667.1 57.0 1,357.1 80.7 33.1 13.8 12.2 8.6 45.4 16.2 1,402.5 81.8

Mono 205.6 33.6 552.1 52.7 757.7 60.6 24.3 12.3 69.0 19.8 93.3 23.2 851.0 63.4

Monterey 32.0 13.7 360.6 43.1 392.6 44.9 33.0 13.4 103.6 22.5 136.6 25.9 529.2 51.6

Napa 59.1 17.9 113.2 24.8 172.4 29.6 — — 7.5 6.4 7.5 6.4 179.9 30.3

Nevada 344.7 44.2 60.5 17.8 405.3 47.4 2.7 2.8 8.1 7.4 10.8 7.9 416.1 48.1

Orange — — 11.1 7.4 11.1 7.4 — — 2.8 2.0 2.8 2.0 13.9 7.6
83

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Placer 467.6 49.7 115.4 24.9 583.0 55.5 38.2 15.2 11.6 8.1 49.8 17.1 632.8 57.7

Plumas 1,337.6 77.9 48.6 15.4 1,386.2 79.1 36.2 15.1 — — 36.2 15.1 1,422.5 80.0

Riverside 15.2 8.7 50.2 16.9 65.4 19.0 23.8 11.9 42.9 16.1 66.7 20.0 132.1 27.6

Sacramento 0.1 0.1 9.6 7.1 9.7 7.1 — — — — — — 9.7 7.1

San Benito 9.5 7.3 140.7 28.4 150.2 29.3 — — — — — — 150.2 29.3

San Bernardino 94.0 23.6 239.3 36.7 333.3 43.2 37.9 15.1 157.7 30.1 195.5 33.6 528.8 53.4San Diego 14.2 9.4 79.8 19.7 94.1 21.8 12.6 8.9 40.5 14.8 53.1 17.3 147.1 27.8

San Joaquin 17.3 10.7 7.3 5.2 24.6 11.9 — — — — — — 24.6 11.9

San Luis Obispo 11.8 8.0 257.4 35.4 269.1 36.1 — — 28.9 13.1 28.9 13.1 298.0 38.2

San Mateo 45.6 16.0 19.4 10.1 65.0 18.9 14.4 9.2 4.9 5.0 19.3 10.4 84.3 21.4

Santa Barbara 21.4 10.6 210.2 33.3 231.6 35.1 19.3 10.2 57.9 18.5 77.2 21.0 308.8 40.4

Santa Clara 28.5 11.7 185.6 31.7 214.1 33.6 — — 65.9 19.2 65.9 19.2 280.0 38.5

Santa Cruz 120.9 21.6 9.7 6.9 130.6 22.7 43.4 16.3 6.2 6.3 49.6 17.4 180.2 28.6

Shasta 1,245.8 78.7 444.8 49.0 1,690.6 90.8 137.2 27.3 51.5 16.2 188.7 30.7 1,879.3 93.6

Sierra 467.0 50.4 9.5 6.7 476.5 50.9 4.6 4.7 — — 4.6 4.7 481.1 51.3

Siskiyou 2,241.4 100.4 458.4 50.4 2,699.9 109.9 366.9 45.1 35.2 12.9 402.0 46.9 3,101.9 113.0

Solano — — 26.5 11.8 26.5 11.8 — — 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 28.0 11.9

Sonoma 319.7 42.0 118.5 24.9 438.2 47.5 21.0 11.7 25.4 12.2 46.4 16.9 484.6 49.9

Stanislaus — — 85.8 21.0 85.8 21.0 — — 17.7 10.1 17.7 10.1 103.6 23.3

Sutter — — 27.5 11.9 27.5 11.9 — — — — — — 27.5 11.9

Tehama 456.5 50.8 440.6 46.7 897.1 68.2 50.6 17.2 34.2 14.3 84.8 22.3 981.9 71.3

Trinity 1,207.1 78.5 133.7 27.4 1,340.7 82.5 465.8 49.5 60.9 18.4 526.7 52.7 1,867.5 92.2

Tulare 198.7 34.0 301.5 41.9 500.2 53.6 582.2 56.7 292.5 39.8 874.6 67.0 1,374.8 82.2

Tuolumne 464.1 50.4 177.9 31.8 642.0 59.0 336.2 42.1 44.5 16.2 380.7 44.5 1,022.7 73.4

Ventura 12.0 8.4 167.5 24.3 179.5 25.7 37.0 14.8 51.2 16.7 88.1 22.2 267.6 30.9

Yolo — — 66.6 19.5 66.6 19.5 — — — — — — 66.6 19.5

Yuba 116.7 25.8 61.7 18.6 178.4 31.7 — — 7.2 6.3 7.2 6.3 185.5 32.3

All counties 17,128.1 185.7 9,821.4 195.0 26,949.5 220.5 3,698.3 127.0 2,167.8 104.2 5,866.0 153.5 32,815.5 201.0

Table A2-3—Area of forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
84

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-4—Area of forest land, by county and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

National forest Other federal

State and local 

government Private Total

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Alameda — — — — 61.5 19.1 44.7 16.2 106.2 24.9

Alpine 373.1 45.3 6.3 6.3 18.3 10.8 7.2 6.6 404.9 47.5

Amador 51.8 17.1 6.2 6.3 1.4 1.1 164.8 29.5 224.1 35.0

Butte 162.4 30.2 12.4 8.9 17.1 9.7 339.3 43.4 531.2 54.5

Calaveras 54.3 17.8 18.9 10.8 26.4 12.9 336.3 40.9 435.8 47.6

Colusa 63.3 19.5 18.0 9.9 — — 136.2 28.3 217.5 35.7

Contra Costa — — 5.5 6.0 14.3 8.1 23.4 10.9 43.2 14.8

Del Norte 421.3 41.9 9.9 8.0 36.3 15.3 159.7 31.2 627.3 54.9

El Dorado 497.9 48.9 10.8 7.9 28.1 12.9 305.6 40.9 842.5 65.4

Fresno 831.6 61.9 183.9 32.3 — — 251.3 36.9 1,266.8 78.9

Glenn 146.1 29.5 — — 4.6 4.6 49.0 16.4 199.7 34.0

Humboldt 319.3 35.9 139.8 28.6 82.1 21.7 1,259.2 75.5 1,800.5 87.7

Imperial — — 48.0 17.4 10.3 7.6 — — 58.3 19.0

Inyo 323.0 32.6 245.3 32.4 7.7 7.0 — — 576.0 46.5

Kern 312.1 41.4 128.4 27.8 7.7 7.0 349.2 44.2 797.4 67.0

Lake 191.3 32.2 41.7 15.3 11.4 8.1 139.4 27.4 383.8 45.6

Lassen 581.8 54.5 342.7 39.3 — — 456.1 49.4 1,380.6 83.0

Los Angeles 196.2 31.0 6.2 6.3 18.4 9.8 27.8 12.2 248.7 35.3

Madera 361.7 44.3 64.9 19.6 6.3 6.3 290.2 40.5 723.0 63.7

Marin — — 30.0 13.4 27.5 11.7 30.9 13.4 88.4 22.2

Mariposa 150.3 29.3 256.8 36.4 — — 236.8 37.2 643.9 59.7

Mendocino 165.5 30.0 35.9 14.9 96.9 24.5 1,421.4 74.2 1,719.7 84.6

Merced — — 0.2 0.2 9.0 6.8 22.6 11.0 31.8 12.9

Modoc 970.0 65.5 82.0 22.2 — — 350.5 43.4 1,402.5 81.8

Mono 685.1 55.2 118.1 26.7 29.1 13.4 18.7 10.8 851.0 63.4

Monterey 170.5 29.0 65.6 18.4 20.3 10.0 272.9 36.8 529.2 51.6

Napa — — 1.4 1.4 16.4 9.4 162.1 28.8 179.9 30.3

Nevada 170.6 31.1 9.3 7.2 13.9 8.3 222.4 34.8 416.1 48.1

Orange 1.4 1.3 — — 2.8 2.0 9.8 7.3 13.9 7.6

Placer 336.9 42.7 29.7 13.2 55.4 17.9 210.7 33.3 632.8 57.7

Plumas 1,042.8 67.5 24.0 12.2 6.2 6.3 349.5 42.0 1,422.5 80.0

Riverside 40.8 15.2 43.6 16.4 25.2 12.3 22.5 10.6 132.1 27.6

Sacramento — — — — — — 9.7 7.1 9.7 7.1

San Benito — — 37.6 15.5 — — 112.6 24.9 150.2 29.3

San Bernardino 244.3 36.5 173.5 30.5 — — 111.0 25.3 528.8 53.4

San Diego 11.6 7.0 5.0 4.0 68.3 19.7 62.2 17.8 147.1 27.8
85

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-4—Area of forest land, by county and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Ownership group

National forest Other federal

State and local 

government Private Total

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

San Joaquin — — — — — — 24.6 11.9 24.6 11.9

San Luis Obispo 40.9 14.5 29.4 12.7 22.1 11.1 205.7 31.2 298.0 38.2

San Mateo — — 4.9 5.0 40.6 14.9 38.7 14.8 84.3 21.4

Santa Barbara 172.5 30.3 — — 6.6 6.7 129.8 25.9 308.8 40.4

Santa Clara — — — — 110.3 24.9 169.7 30.2 280.0 38.5

Santa Cruz — — — — 57.7 18.6 122.6 22.5 180.2 28.6

Shasta 692.7 57.5 188.0 32.0 20.0 11.4 978.5 66.9 1,879.3 93.6

Sierra 394.9 45.9 — — 4.6 4.7 81.6 21.6 481.1 51.3

Siskiyou 2,148.1 89.7 56.6 18.5 17.2 10.1 879.9 65.7 3,101.9 113.0

Solano — — — — 5.2 3.6 22.8 10.2 28.0 11.9

Sonoma — — 8.7 7.1 55.3 18.0 420.6 46.5 484.6 49.9

Stanislaus — — — — 17.7 10.1 85.8 21.0 103.6 23.3

Sutter — — — — — — 27.5 11.9 27.5 11.9

Tehama 328.7 42.1 23.2 11.6 20.9 11.2 609.0 55.4 981.9 71.3

Trinity 1,374.9 77.1 92.3 23.4 — — 400.3 45.7 1,867.5 92.2

Tulare 762.4 61.8 356.7 39.6 6.2 6.3 249.6 38.0 1,374.8 82.2

Tuolumne 493.0 50.0 312.9 40.3 6.5 6.3 210.4 34.5 1,022.7 73.4

Ventura 246.9 30.1 2.1 1.8 — — 18.6 9.8 267.6 30.9

Yolo — — — — — — 66.6 19.5 66.6 19.5

Yuba 54.7 18.1 3.1 3.1 12.9 8.4 114.8 25.4 185.5 32.3

All counties 15,586.4 110.4 3,279.3 103.9 1,126.8 75.3 12,823.0 157.7 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
86

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-5—Area of forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres USDA Forest Service: National forest 9,140.5 138.6 2,945.9 109.7 12,086.4 146.4 2,390.7 105.7 1,109.4 75.5 3,500.0 124.3 15,586.4 110.4 Total 9,140.5 138.6 2,945.9 109.7 12,086.4 146.4 2,390.7 105.7 1,109.4 75.5 3,500.0 124.3 15,586.4 110.4 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 320.5 43.2 1,054.4 71.8 1,374.9 80.8 30.1 13.8 246.6 34.9 276.7 36.9 1,651.6 86.1 Departments of Defense or Energy 6.0 6.5 75.1 20.2 81.1 21.2 — — — — — — 81.1 21.2

National Park Service — — — — — — 942.3 58.1 472.1 49.2 1,414.5 65.4 1,414.5 65.4U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 4.5 5.5 3.1 3.2 7.6 6.4 7.6 6.4

Other federal: — — 97.5 23.5 97.5 23.5 12.4 8.9 14.6 9.3 27.0 12.8 124.5 26.8

Total 326.4 43.7 1,227.1 77.2 1,553.5 85.4 989.4 60.0 736.4 59.6 1,725.8 73.8 3,279.3 103.9

State and local government:

Local 61.7 18.2 209.1 33.6 270.9 38.2 14.4 9.2 80.2 20.7 94.6 22.6 365.5 44.2State 106.5 24.7 101.1 24.1 207.6 34.4 297.0 39.9 229.7 36.5 526.7 53.0 734.4 61.1

Other public — — 8.1 7.0 8.1 7.0 6.8 6.1 12.0 8.9 18.8 10.8 27.0 12.9

Total 168.3 30.6 318.4 41.6 486.6 51.4 318.2 41.3 322.0 42.6 640.2 58.2 1,126.8 75.3

Corporate private 4,057.8 120.7 485.0 52.1 4,542.8 129.2 — — — — — — 4,542.8 129.2

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or natural 

resource organizations 304.9 42.5 86.8 22.6 391.7 48.1 — — — — — — 391.7 48.1

Unicorporated partnerships, associations, or clubs 94.8 24.1 39.3 13.4 134.0 28.0 — — — — — — 134.0 28.0

Native American 150.9 30.0 56.5 18.7 207.5 34.6 — — — — — — 207.5 34.6

Individual 2,884.5 114.3 4,662.4 135.8 7,546.9 163.9 — — — — — — 7,546.9 163.9

Total 3,435.1 123.1 4,845.1 138.3 8,280.1 170.6 — — — — — — 8,280.1 170.6

All private 7,492.9 125.7 5,330.1 141.9 12,823.0 157.7 — — — — — — 12,823.0 157.7All owners 17,128.1 185.7 9,821.4 195.0 26,949.5 220.5 3,698.3 127.0 2,167.8 104.2 5,866.0 153.5 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
87

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-6—Area of forest land, by forest type group and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 6,359.9 153.1 17.7 9.1 6,377.6 153.3 1,412.4 85.9 13.1 9.1 1,425.5 86.2 7,803.1 164.7

Douglas-fir 942.6 66.9 18.8 10.7 961.4 67.7 122.4 26.9 4.0 5.1 126.4 27.4 1,087.9 71.4

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 1,407.8 87.1 32.9 13.3 1,440.7 88.0 543.6 54.7 53.6 17.9 597.2 57.2 2,037.9 102.9

Lodgepole pine 319.3 43.0 83.5 22.1 402.8 48.2 438.8 48.9 177.9 32.0 616.7 57.2 1,019.5 73.5

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 19.1 10.5 1,242.4 76.4 1,261.4 76.9 5.5 6.0 595.0 53.4 600.5 53.7 1,861.9 85.6

Ponderosa pine 1,946.7 98.0 65.9 19.3 2,012.6 99.6 199.8 34.1 29.3 12.4 229.1 36.2 2,241.7 105.3

Redwood 592.2 54.1 — — 592.2 54.1 111.4 23.1 6.1 5.1 117.5 23.6 709.7 58.7

Western juniper 194.9 33.0 1,209.4 73.3 1,404.3 78.0 69.2 20.3 61.1 18.9 130.3 27.6 1,534.6 82.6

Western white pine 42.1 15.6 23.7 12.1 65.8 19.7 56.6 17.9 44.2 16.0 100.8 23.9 166.6 30.9

Other western softwoods 123.8 27.1 141.6 28.6 265.4 39.4 34.0 13.7 256.8 37.2 290.8 39.2 556.3 55.2

Total 11,948.3 181.3 2,836.0 112.6 14,784.3 202.9 2,993.7 114.7 1,241.1 78.6 4,234.9 131.2 19,019.2 204.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 170.6 30.3 32.5 11.2 203.1 32.3 44.6 16.1 7.3 5.0 51.9 16.9 255.0 36.3

Aspen/birch 34.2 13.1 17.5 8.5 51.8 15.6 5.6 4.7 17.4 9.8 23.0 10.9 74.8 19.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood 18.5 10.7 29.9 11.5 48.4 15.7 — — 5.5 4.5 5.5 4.5 53.9 16.3

Tanoak/laurel 1,623.8 87.3 170.8 31.5 1,794.6 91.2 164.3 31.6 64.4 18.9 228.7 36.7 2,023.3 97.0

Western oak 2,435.7 114.3 6,094.5 155.5 8,530.3 182.8 305.7 42.1 688.6 60.9 994.3 73.1 9,524.6 190.8

Woodland hardwoods 87.8 21.8 317.1 41.7 404.9 47.4 6.3 6.2 60.4 18.3 66.7 19.4 471.6 51.1

Other hardwoods 286.2 40.3 227.7 35.4 513.9 53.5 68.8 20.7 27.4 12.4 96.1 24.1 610.0 58.4

Total 4,656.9 145.6 6,890.0 165.3 11,546.9 202.7 595.3 59.0 871.1 68.2 1,466.3 88.7 13,013.2 211.0

Nonstocked 522.9 52.7 95.4 22.6 618.3 57.3 109.2 24.6 55.6 17.5 164.8 30.1 783.1 64.4

All forest types 17,128.1 185.7 9,821.4 195.0 26,949.5 220.5 3,698.3 127.0 2,167.8 104.2 5,866.0 153.5 32,815.5 201.0Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
88

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-7—Area of forest land, by forest type group and site productivity class, California, 2001–2010 Site productivity class (ft3 � ac-1� yr-1) 0–19 20–49 50–84 85–119 120–164 165–224 225+ All classes Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Softwoods: California mixed conifer 30.8 12.8 217.0 35.3 2,095.4 105.8 2,735.0 117.5 2,116.8 104.3 570.0 57.6 38.3 14.7 7,803.1 164.7 Douglas-fir 22.9 11.9 102.7 24.5 161.6 29.1 351.1 43.8 282.3 40.4 116.2 26.0 51.1 18.0 1,087.9 71.4 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 86.5 22.3 122.7 26.1 415.2 48.3 775.4 66.9 510.1 53.7 116.6 26.9 11.4 8.5 2,037.9 102.9 Lodgepole pine 261.4 38.5 543.2 55.3 111.4 25.4 21.4 11.0 69.6 20.3 12.4 8.8 — — 1,019.5 73.5 Pinyon/juniper 

woodlands 1,837.4 85.1 23.1 12.0 — — — — 1.5 1.5 — — — — 1,861.9 85.6

Ponderosa pine 95.3 22.9 761.6 64.6 740.0 63.2 333.6 42.5 240.2 37.2 55.5 17.5 15.7 9.5 2,241.7 105.3

Redwood 6.1 5.1 — — 13.7 9.4 50.8 17.6 215.4 34.4 248.2 37.7 175.5 32.2 709.7 58.7Western juniper 1,270.5 75.7 171.2 31.0 63.4 19.4 12.0 8.7 17.5 10.0 — — — — 1,534.6 82.6

Western white pine 67.9 20.1 58.1 18.3 18.9 10.5 3.0 2.7 18.7 10.6 — — — — 166.6 30.9

Other western 

softwoods 398.5 46.6 61.6 18.9 10.8 6.8 26.8 12.9 14.4 9.0 15.6 9.5 28.5 13.5 556.3 55.2

Total 4,077.2 129.8 2,061.1 103.2 3,630.4 132.3 4,309.1 143.4 3,486.3 131.5 1,134.5 80.5 320.5 43.1 19,019.2 204.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 39.8 12.3 5.3 4.3 19.4 9.3 43.8 15.7 77.4 20.9 33.2 13.9 36.1 14.6 255.0 36.3

Aspen/birch 35.0 12.9 6.0 4.0 15.4 9.1 6.4 5.1 12.0 8.4 — — — — 74.8 19.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood 35.4 12.3 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 — — 17.3 10.7 — — — — 53.9 16.3

Tanoak/laurel 235.2 36.7 99.3 24.4 317.8 42.8 609.2 59.2 554.7 56.0 130.7 27.9 76.5 21.8 2,023.3 97.0

Western oak 6,783.1 163.3 498.6 54.2 753.0 65.2 690.7 63.6 702.8 63.5 78.0 21.6 18.3 10.6 9,524.6 190.8

Woodland hardwoods 377.5 45.5 60.9 18.4 33.2 13.3 — — — — — — — — 471.6 51.1

Other hardwoods 255.0 37.3 43.5 16.0 77.4 21.2 80.6 21.8 104.4 24.5 39.4 15.7 9.7 7.2 610.0 58.4

Total 7,761.0 174.0 714.2 64.2 1,216.8 82.1 1,430.7 89.6 1,468.5 90.7 281.3 40.9 140.7 29.3 13,013.2 211.0

Nonstocked 151.0 28.5 200.3 34.1 223.8 34.3 87.8 21.4 105.9 24.2 6.5 6.3 7.9 5.0 783.1 64.4

All forest types 11,989.2 209.7 2,975.7 123.8 5,071.0 154.9 5,827.6 164.0 5,060.7 156.0 1,422.3 89.6 469.1 52.1 32,815.5 201.0Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
89

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-8—Area of forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group and land status

USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private corporate Private noncorporate

Timberland

Other 

forest land Timberland

Other 

forest land Timberland

Other 

forest land Timberland

Other 

forest land Timberland

Other 

forest land All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

California mixed 

conifer 4,185.5 124.7 990.9 72.6 71.5 20.5 382.1 43.4 20.4 10.5 65.6 19.0 1,449.3 79.9 1.8 1.7 633.2 58.4 2.8 2.5 7,803.1 164.7

Douglas-fir 259.9 33.7 83.7 21.8 6.8 6.3 36.9 15.3 34.0 14.2 24.7 12.5 330.5 42.5 — — 311.4 40.7 — — 1,087.9 71.4

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 1,073.7 75.5 443.1 49.4 5.9 6.0 175.8 30.7 6.2 6.3 11.2 8.1 238.9 36.9 — — 83.1 22.2 — — 2,037.9 102.9

Lodgepole pine 234.1 36.7 465.3 50.0 — — 234.9 34.5 16.2 10.3 — — 25.7 12.6 — — 43.3 16.2 — — 1,019.5 73.5

Pinyon/juniper 

woodlands 16.3 9.7 830.4 53.0 1.5 1.5 731.5 56.9 — — 75.1 20.8 — — 20.9 11.5 1.3 1.3 185.0 32.3 1,861.9 85.6

Ponderosa pine 1,166.1 75.6 218.7 35.3 37.8 14.6 50.0 17.2 3.1 2.7 12.5 8.0 361.3 44.0 7.6 6.5 378.3 44.6 6.2 5.0 2,241.7 105.3

Redwood — — 13.7 8.3 — — 37.9 15.1 21.0 11.7 65.9 18.8 351.4 43.2 — — 219.7 34.3 — — 709.7 58.7

Western juniper 123.2 26.3 697.4 56.2 25.4 12.1 337.5 40.7 — — 11.5 8.6 — — 24.9 11.3 46.3 15.8 268.3 35.3 1,534.6 82.6

Western white pine 35.4 14.1 108.4 25.1 — — 16.1 9.4 — — — — 6.7 6.6 — — — — — — 166.6 30.9Other western 

softwoods 40.0 15.0 262.5 37.3 1.5 1.6 140.8 27.6 — — 14.4 9.1 44.1 16.5 — — 38.1 15.4 14.7 9.5 556.3 55.2

Total 7,134.3 138.1 4,113.9 124.4 150.4 29.4 2,143.6 86.6 100.8 24.1 281.1 39.1 2,808.0 105.9 55.3 17.4 1,754.7 92.9 477.1 49.1 19,019.2 204.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 24.5 10.6 31.5 11.8 9.6 6.5 21.7 11.5 3.6 2.6 13.0 8.7 79.3 21.5 2.2 1.5 53.5 17.3 16.0 7.8 255.0 36.3Aspen/birch 20.1 9.9 30.4 12.0 — — 9.0 6.7 — — 1.2 1.2 3.1 3.3 — — 11.0 7.9 — — 74.8 19.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 5.1 5.3 0.5 0.5 — — — — 10.1 6.4 0.6 0.6 1.6 1.4 17.3 10.7 18.7 9.0 53.9 16.3

Tanoak/laurel 379.6 43.4 125.5 26.5 35.3 14.3 39.5 15.2 29.1 11.9 124.9 27.8 582.4 56.1 7.6 7.0 597.5 57.1 102.1 24.2 2,023.3 97.0

Western oak 1,046.0 74.6 1,644.3 85.3 110.3 25.4 530.7 52.7 25.1 11.3 454.1 49.3 413.9 49.3 415.8 48.4 840.4 69.0 4,044.0 126.7 9,524.6 190.8Woodland hardwoods 76.1 20.5 208.6 33.1 — — 104.0 24.5 — — 19.7 10.9 6.7 5.8 — — 5.0 4.9 51.5 16.9 471.6 51.1

Other hardwoods 94.8 23.0 114.0 24.9 6.2 6.3 38.3 15.1 9.6 7.4 48.4 17.3 54.6 17.1 2.6 2.6 121.0 26.6 120.6 25.9 610.0 58.4

Total 1,641.1 90.3 2,159.2 96.5 162.0 31.0 743.2 62.8 67.4 18.9 671.3 60.3 1,140.6 77.6 429.7 49.2 1,645.8 92.1 4,352.8 130.6 13,013.2 211.0

Nonstocked 365.1 44.4 172.8 30.7 14.1 9.0 66.0 19.1 — — 6.2 6.3 109.2 23.8 — — 34.6 13.0 15.2 7.7 783.1 64.4

All forest types 9,140.5 138.6 6,445.9 145.8 326.4 43.7 2,952.9 98.8 168.3 30.6 958.6 70.6 4,057.8 120.7 485.0 52.1 3,435.1 123.1 4,845.1 138.3 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
90

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-9—Area of forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Mediumdiameter standsSmall-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 7,270.3 161.0 178.0 31.2 354.8 44.2 7,803.1 164.7

Douglas-fir 943.3 66.5 55.4 17.4 89.2 22.5 1,087.9 71.4

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,900.4 99.5 22.7 10.4 114.7 24.8 2,037.9 102.9

Lodgepole pine 933.7 70.2 42.1 15.0 43.7 15.0 1,019.5 73.5

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 1,527.9 80.7 197.6 33.9 136.4 28.5 1,861.9 85.6

Ponderosa pine 1,914.2 98.5 176.4 30.2 151.2 28.2 2,241.7 105.3

Redwood 659.9 57.1 21.6 11.3 28.2 11.1 709.7 58.7

Western juniper 1,277.0 78.1 120.1 25.9 137.5 29.0 1,534.6 82.6

Western white pine 127.8 26.8 7.3 6.3 31.4 13.9 166.6 30.9

Other western softwoods 373.8 45.1 72.5 20.4 110.0 25.1 556.3 55.2

Total 16,928.3 201.7 893.7 69.8 1,197.2 80.7 19,019.2 204.8

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 157.4 28.9 67.9 18.4 29.7 12.4 255.0 36.3

Aspen/birch 14.1 8.3 15.3 7.1 45.4 15.6 74.8 19.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood 42.8 14.7 2.8 1.8 8.2 6.9 53.9 16.3

Tanoak/laurel 1,316.8 81.8 453.3 50.8 253.2 36.9 2,023.3 97.0

Western oak 4,873.7 150.9 3,357.1 128.7 1,293.8 84.5 9,524.6 190.8

Woodland hardwoods 384.0 46.6 60.9 18.0 26.7 10.8 471.6 51.1

Other hardwoods 217.1 34.6 162.2 30.6 230.7 36.1 610.0 58.4

Total 7,005.9 175.5 4,119.5 141.3 1,887.8 100.7 13,013.2 211.0

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 783.1 64.4

All forest types 23,934.2 222.7 5,013.2 156.0 3,085.0 126.3 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
91

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-10—Area of forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010

Stand age class (years)

1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 274.5 38.7 235.0 36.8 659.5 61.0 1,535.5 91.0 1,561.5 91.7 770.9 66.3 519.1 54.4

Douglas-fir 65.2 18.4 229.7 36.4 282.5 40.0 141.7 28.3 93.8 22.7 31.8 14.1 30.5 13.5

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 57.4 17.4 29.0 11.6 168.9 31.2 357.8 45.6 352.4 45.2 212.6 34.2 175.6 31.7

Lodgepole pine 17.1 9.1 19.6 9.5 40.8 15.1 101.1 23.9 140.9 28.7 89.1 23.1 89.1 22.8

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 29.7 13.2 32.7 14.5 108.2 25.7 227.3 36.3 300.3 42.3 91.4 23.4 106.7 25.3

Ponderosa pine 212.9 33.2 287.5 39.6 232.3 36.3 474.4 51.3 551.1 54.9 167.9 30.9 91.2 22.6

Redwood 60.1 17.9 85.7 22.9 129.9 27.5 122.8 26.3 109.5 25.3 38.5 15.6 23.1 10.9

Western juniper 39.4 15.2 44.1 16.6 180.1 32.7 458.8 49.6 284.5 39.7 130.7 27.0 61.0 19.4

Western white pine 6.7 6.6 — — 7.1 6.1 6.7 6.4 16.3 9.2 6.4 6.3 6.6 6.2

Other western softwoods 25.6 12.3 35.2 14.7 63.4 19.4 59.0 17.5 83.9 21.0 18.4 10.3 12.0 7.9

Total 788.5 64.3 998.5 74.8 1,872.7 101.4 3,485.2 133.4 3,494.1 133.6 1,557.6 92.6 1,114.6 79.4

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 28.3 11.0 88.6 22.1 56.4 18.2 28.9 12.1 21.4 11.0 4.7 4.6 3.7 3.6

Aspen/birch 8.5 4.5 16.1 8.9 8.4 4.8 8.7 6.8 4.2 4.2 — — 4.4 4.6

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.6 0.6 10.2 7.3 — — 1.9 1.7 — — — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 134.9 27.5 438.1 50.4 494.3 51.8 340.7 44.8 163.8 30.5 54.1 18.1 35.6 14.6

Western oak 446.2 49.5 428.2 49.1 1,345.4 86.4 1,643.5 95.4 1,411.5 88.9 451.9 51.1 284.4 39.9

Woodland hardwoods — — 16.0 9.1 44.3 15.1 119.4 25.6 66.9 20.0 29.0 13.2 6.5 6.3

Other hardwoods 83.6 22.0 81.2 21.2 72.4 20.2 86.3 22.5 69.1 20.0 24.1 11.3 21.7 11.2

Total 702.2 61.4 1,078.5 77.3 2,021.1 103.9 2,229.3 110.2 1,736.8 98.5 563.8 57.0 356.4 44.6

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 1,490.6 87.8 2,077.0 105.1 3,893.7 141.0 5,714.5 168.2 5,230.9 162.2 2,121.5 107.8 1,471.0 90.7
92

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-10—Area of forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Stand age class (years) 141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Softwoods: California mixed conifer 600.5 58.4 312.9 43.2 308.2 42.6 1,010.2 73.7 15.4 9.3 7,803.1 164.7 Douglas-fir 56.9 18.6 36.0 14.5 25.6 11.1 89.3 21.7 4.9 4.2 1,087.9 71.4 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 184.4 33.0 112.0 25.3 150.0 29.9 237.9 37.4 — — 2,037.9 102.9 Lodgepole pine 117.6 25.9 82.4 22.4 87.3 22.9 234.5 37.0 — — 1,019.5 73.5

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 120.9 26.8 60.1 18.6 42.6 16.3 182.2 32.5 559.8 55.8 1,861.9 85.6

Ponderosa pine 98.1 23.2 21.2 10.7 36.4 14.6 63.1 19.0 5.8 5.9 2,241.7 105.3

Redwood 6.6 6.6 13.4 8.7 17.3 10.6 103.0 23.7 — — 709.7 58.7

Western juniper 46.2 16.4 24.3 12.2 42.7 16.3 178.4 32.2 44.5 16.5 1,534.6 82.6

Western white pine 12.7 8.8 12.7 8.2 21.0 11.0 70.2 20.2 — — 166.6 30.9

Other western softwoods 32.0 14.1 23.6 11.4 58.0 18.5 107.8 24.0 37.4 14.5 556.3 55.2

Total 1,275.9 84.6 698.8 63.2 789.1 67.0 2,276.5 108.1 667.8 60.8 19,019.2 204.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 5.0 5.5 — — 4.6 4.6 — — 13.4 6.9 255.0 36.3

Aspen/birch — — 6.2 6.4 5.5 5.5 — — 12.8 9.0 74.8 19.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.4 0.3 — — — — 0.4 0.4 40.4 14.5 53.9 16.3

Tanoak/laurel 88.9 22.9 25.5 12.6 33.4 14.2 96.4 23.5 117.7 25.6 2,023.3 97.0

Western oak 281.0 40.0 104.7 24.9 95.1 23.6 123.7 26.5 2,908.9 117.3 9,524.6 190.8

Woodland hardwoods 26.2 11.9 — — 13.1 9.1 14.7 8.7 135.5 27.1 471.6 51.1

Other hardwoods 14.9 9.4 6.2 6.2 — — 32.1 13.9 118.5 25.4 610.0 58.4

Total 416.4 48.8 142.5 29.2 151.7 29.9 267.3 38.9 3,347.3 125.9 13,013.2 211.0

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 783.1 64.4 783.1 64.4

All forest types 1,692.3 97.1 841.3 69.4 940.7 73.0 2,543.9 113.5 4,798.2 152.4 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
93

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-11—Area of forest land by ecological section and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Unproductive Total Productive Unproductive Total All forest land

Ecological section Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Central California Coast 229.0 27.7 373.9 42.4 602.9 49.0 96.4 23.7 138.2 26.3 234.6 35.1 837.6 58.5Central California Coast Ranges 25.7 11.4 908.6 65.8 934.2 66.3 4.7 4.7 142.6 28.8 147.3 29.1 1,081.5 71.5

Colorado Desert — — 48.5 17.5 48.5 17.5 — — — — — — 48.5 17.5

Great Valley 17.4 10.7 116.9 25.0 134.3 27.2 — — 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 134.9 27.2

Klamath Mountains 3,401.3 114.7 513.0 53.4 3,914.4 121.1 893.9 66.8 125.5 25.7 1,019.4 71.0 4,933.7 121.0

Modoc Plateau 877.4 67.5 1,051.4 69.1 1,928.8 92.9 33.1 13.8 12.2 8.6 45.4 16.2 1,974.2 93.7

Mojave Desert — — 66.4 19.6 66.4 19.6 — — 124.1 26.4 124.1 26.4 190.5 32.5

Mono 157.7 29.5 521.8 51.1 679.5 57.2 24.3 12.3 12.3 8.7 36.6 15.0 716.1 58.6

Northern California Coast 2,325.2 81.9 264.0 37.3 2,589.2 85.0 219.7 34.7 52.0 17.3 271.7 38.6 2,860.9 89.5

Northern California Coast Ranges 1,529.9 91.3 724.0 62.6 2,253.8 106.8 184.8 32.8 70.9 20.5 255.7 38.7 2,509.6 112.1

Northern California Interior Coast Ranges 10.2 7.5 668.1 55.2 678.3 55.5 — — 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 679.7 55.5

Northwestern Basin and Range 7.1 6.8 54.1 18.4 61.2 19.5 — — — — — — 61.2 19.5

Sierra Nevada 5,438.7 125.0 1,255.0 82.4 6,693.7 141.9 1,956.8 87.9 942.0 69.5 2,898.8 99.4 9,592.6 145.8

Sierra Nevada Foothills 149.8 29.7 1,896.5 91.2 2,046.3 94.0 8.5 6.7 82.1 22.0 90.6 22.8 2,136.9 95.9

Sonoran Desert — — 36.2 15.1 36.2 15.1 — — 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 40.5 15.7

Southeastern Great Basin — — 127.3 26.8 127.3 26.8 — — 194.6 31.5 194.6 31.5 321.9 38.6

Southern California Coast 11.6 8.1 122.5 25.0 134.1 26.2 — — 10.5 7.3 10.5 7.3 144.6 27.2

Southern California Mountain and Valley 219.2 33.9 637.2 55.3 856.4 63.3 136.8 28.1 245.5 37.3 382.3 46.2 1,238.7 74.3

Southern Cascades 2,727.9 110.3 435.9 49.4 3,163.8 118.6 139.3 28.6 8.9 6.8 148.3 29.4 3,312.1 121.2

Total 17,128.1 185.7 9,821.4 195.0 26,949.5 220.5 3,698.3 127.0 2,167.8 104.2 5,866.0 153.5 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
94

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-12—Area of forest land, by forest type group and stand origin, California, 2001–2010

Stand origin

Natural stands Artificial regeneration Total

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 7,413.4 161.7 389.7 46.8 7,803.1 164.7

Douglas-fir 1,022.3 69.8 65.6 19.1 1,087.9 71.4

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,988.6 101.7 49.3 16.8 2,037.9 102.9

Lodgepole pine 1,012.9 73.1 6.6 5.3 1,019.5 73.5

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 1,855.3 85.6 6.6 6.5 1,861.9 85.6

Ponderosa pine 1,761.0 94.6 480.7 51.1 2,241.7 105.3

Redwood 683.3 57.8 26.5 13.1 709.7 58.7

Western juniper 1,510.6 82.2 24.0 11.8 1,534.6 82.6

Western white pine 159.9 30.2 6.7 6.6 166.6 30.9

Other western softwoods 556.3 55.2 — — 556.3 55.2

Total 17,963.5 205.7 1,055.7 75.3 19,019.2 204.8

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 240.7 35.1 14.3 9.1 255.0 36.3

Aspen/birch 74.8 19.0 — — 74.8 19.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood 53.3 16.3 0.5 0.5 53.9 16.3

Tanoak/laurel 1,858.9 93.7 164.4 30.9 2,023.3 97.0

Western oak 9,407.6 189.9 117.0 25.2 9,524.6 190.8

Woodland hardwoods 470.0 51.1 1.6 1.6 471.6 51.1

Other hardwoods 568.1 56.4 41.9 15.3 610.0 58.4

Total 12,673.5 210.0 339.7 43.3 13,013.2 211.0

 

Nonstocked 678.3 60.2 104.8 23.8 783.1 64.4

All forest types 31,315.3 212.9 1,500.2 88.6 32,815.5 201.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
95

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-13—Area of timberland, by forest type group and stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands

All 

classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 5,846.9 148.7 178.0 31.2 335.1 43.0 6,359.9 153.1

Douglas-fir 818.6 62.5 43.0 15.0 81.0 21.6 942.6 66.9

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,328.6 84.5 20.0 10.2 59.1 17.5 1,407.8 87.1

Lodgepole pine 270.2 39.4 27.3 12.7 21.7 10.2 319.3 43.0

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 19.1 10.5 — — — — 19.1 10.5

Ponderosa pine 1,635.1 90.9 161.9 28.9 149.7 28.1 1,946.7 98.0

Redwood 542.4 52.4 21.6 11.3 28.2 11.1 592.2 54.1

Western juniper 154.8 29.4 8.3 4.5 31.7 13.8 194.9 33.0

Western white pine 16.7 9.3 6.3 6.2 19.1 10.9 42.1 15.6

Other western softwoods 105.7 24.5 — — 18.1 9.9 123.8 27.1

Total 10,738.2 176.2 466.4 49.6 743.7 62.7 11,948.3 181.3

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 115.0 24.7 42.1 14.8 13.5 9.3 170.6 30.3

Aspen/birch 9.7 6.9 9.9 6.2 14.7 9.3 34.2 13.1

Elm/ash/cottonwood 17.3 10.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 18.5 10.7

Tanoak/laurel 1,096.0 74.5 347.1 44.8 180.7 31.5 1,623.8 87.3

Western oak 1,507.6 91.8 625.3 59.4 302.8 40.9 2,435.7 114.3

Woodland hardwoods 64.1 18.9 16.9 9.4 6.9 5.9 87.8 21.8

Other hardwoods 142.3 28.1 44.7 16.2 99.2 23.5 286.2 40.3

Total 2,951.9 120.9 1,086.5 77.5 618.4 58.0 4,656.9 145.6

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 522.9 52.7

All forest types 13,690.1 185.3 1,553.0 91.2 1,362.1 83.7 17,128.1 185.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
96

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-14—Number of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Alameda 1,372.7 1,531.3 14,713.1 4,883.8 16,085.8 5,117.7 — — 1,991.2 1,323.6 1,991.2 1,323.6 18,077.0 5,286.0 Alpine 29,103.2 9,467.2 13,159.8 7,371.4 42,263.1 12,128.4 27,362.2 6,715.2 10,187.4 5,667.7 37,549.6 8,772.1 79,812.6 14,850.4 Amador 38,312.1 12,067.4 17,592.3 6,708.1 55,904.4 13,770.3 7,121.4 5,059.9 293.9 297.0 7,415.3 5,068.7 63,319.7 14,672.7 Butte 242,407.1 39,768.5 62,209.4 17,973.7 304,616.6 43,493.4 — — 1,269.2 934.7 1,269.2 934.7 305,885.8 43,503.0 Calaveras 85,875.9 19,822.4 49,161.1 12,889.6 135,037.0 23,307.7 1,095.2 1,115.8 — — 1,095.2 1,115.8 136,132.2 23,331.7 Colusa 25,204.2 13,292.1 34,440.0 11,451.7 59,644.2 17,498.5 — — 486.8 464.1 486.8 464.1 60,131.0 17,500.4

Contra Costa — — 5,377.3 2,626.6 5,377.3 2,626.6 486.2 523.6 4,958.8 4,245.3 5,445.0 4,273.5 10,822.3 5,011.8

Del Norte 305,380.2 41,585.1 30,314.6 12,797.4 335,694.8 43,044.9 19,253.4 6,111.8 125.3 158.5 19,378.6 6,113.6 355,073.5 43,036.3

El Dorado 256,455.6 31,802.0 53,123.9 19,186.7 309,579.6 36,830.2 18,012.8 8,600.6 13,384.2 8,013.0 31,397.0 11,754.5 340,976.5 38,426.8

Fresno 74,660.7 15,018.9 72,637.6 18,551.0 147,298.3 23,918.2 94,167.1 15,568.2 62,794.5 17,188.2 156,961.7 23,006.5 304,260.0 32,402.5

Glenn 29,116.2 8,728.3 38,146.0 13,136.1 67,262.2 15,731.8 5,143.7 5,404.3 — — 5,143.7 5,404.3 72,405.9 16,554.7

Humboldt 971,869.9 76,779.2 30,934.8 9,706.5 1,002,804.7 77,106.7 97,907.9 21,242.4 — — 97,907.9 21,242.4 1,100,712.6 79,195.1

Imperial — — 469.5 211.1 469.5 211.1 — — 650.3 667.1 650.3 667.1 1,119.9 699.6

Inyo 5,436.2 3,791.4 36,633.5 7,081.0 42,069.7 8,196.2 446.8 333.9 43,475.7 10,049.1 43,922.6 10,054.2 85,992.3 12,497.3

Kern 34,376.7 10,259.4 112,380.4 21,198.8 146,757.2 23,433.1 — — 13,272.7 5,757.1 13,272.7 5,757.1 160,029.8 24,076.5Lake 76,919.8 17,891.7 86,781.0 26,597.8 163,700.8 31,984.9 5,438.9 5,119.7 7,901.0 5,371.5 13,339.9 7,420.5 177,040.7 32,755.1

Lassen 257,653.9 29,828.8 60,210.2 13,739.9 317,864.2 32,805.3 13,871.5 7,115.1 — — 13,871.5 7,115.1 331,735.7 33,501.8

Los Angeles 13,856.5 8,340.8 58,919.4 22,314.0 72,775.9 23,752.9 5,781.3 5,567.3 21,399.8 18,527.8 27,181.1 19,346.0 99,957.0 30,513.0

Madera 76,990.3 17,600.9 58,705.2 17,696.4 135,695.4 24,934.8 40,850.0 11,352.7 6,177.1 3,534.4 47,027.0 11,858.4 182,722.5 27,436.0Marin 5,917.3 3,654.6 7,142.8 2,770.1 13,060.1 4,579.1 2,340.3 1,488.3 3,655.2 2,594.9 5,995.6 2,943.0 19,055.7 5,437.7

Mariposa 58,357.3 22,050.0 74,477.6 19,532.2 132,835.0 29,400.9 49,878.9 10,659.9 11,060.6 5,250.9 60,939.6 11,661.8 193,774.5 31,625.5

Mendocino 762,375.7 58,051.8 135,180.2 25,179.0 897,555.9 61,977.5 15,769.1 8,990.2 17,674.7 9,386.5 33,443.8 12,973.9 930,999.7 63,116.7

Merced — — 2,770.1 1,920.5 2,770.1 1,920.5 — — 160.0 164.3 160.0 164.3 2,930.1 1,927.5

Modoc 139,979.1 17,374.0 57,583.1 9,175.9 197,562.2 19,634.8 6,120.0 3,434.3 3,995.8 2,840.6 10,115.8 4,455.9 207,678.0 20,053.3Mono 76,872.5 22,574.5 109,349.5 20,178.9 186,222.0 30,092.4 5,775.1 4,232.7 15,247.8 5,136.1 21,022.9 6,644.8 207,244.9 30,684.5

Monterey 9,034.1 5,308.6 97,975.6 26,178.3 107,009.6 26,640.1 2,436.1 1,218.6 60,451.8 31,999.7 62,888.0 32,020.1 169,897.6 41,509.4

Napa 27,882.2 11,608.3 32,029.8 11,010.4 59,912.0 15,551.4 — — 4,582.2 4,410.7 4,582.2 4,410.7 64,494.2 16,164.7

Nevada 103,730.3 17,262.1 29,955.4 11,433.7 133,685.7 20,502.2 3,209.4 3,269.8 1,508.9 1,373.4 4,718.3 3,546.5 138,404.0 21,513.4

Orange — — 1,564.2 1,289.1 1,564.2 1,289.1 — — 49.1 44.2 49.1 44.2 1,613.3 1,289.8

Placer 209,894.2 35,420.5 43,746.0 11,201.2 253,640.2 37,056.7 8,819.0 4,905.0 1,749.4 1,681.9 10,568.4 5,179.7 264,208.6 37,381.7
97

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-14—Number of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Plumas 513,475.2 45,831.8 6,844.3 2,857.0 520,319.6 45,896.1 8,225.4 3,952.5 — — 8,225.4 3,952.5 528,544.9 45,992.3

Riverside 1,560.9 957.7 2,817.6 1,806.6 4,378.5 2,044.6 19,609.6 13,395.8 1,385.3 804.4 20,994.9 13,419.9 25,373.4 13,570.7

Sacramento — — 528.7 421.2 528.7 421.2 — — — — — — 528.7 421.2

San Benito 4,748.8 3,783.2 15,352.3 3,897.7 20,101.0 5,430.7 — — — — — — 20,101.0 5,430.7

San Bernardino 23,769.2 8,902.8 67,002.6 19,827.5 90,771.8 21,677.3 5,079.6 3,310.3 9,236.3 2,773.1 14,315.9 4,307.0 105,087.6 22,048.7

San Diego 559.5 373.6 12,297.3 6,418.9 12,856.7 6,429.5 1,828.9 1,858.8 5,863.3 4,016.0 7,692.2 4,425.2 20,548.9 7,802.6

San Joaquin 3,188.3 1,966.2 30.9 25.8 3,219.3 1,966.4 — — — — — — 3,219.3 1,966.4San Luis Obispo 1,680.6 1,480.2 31,826.5 8,002.0 33,507.0 8,122.2 — — 2,071.0 1,066.4 2,071.0 1,066.4 35,578.0 8,168.6

San Mateo 13,040.7 5,864.5 2,602.8 1,881.9 15,643.5 6,159.0 5,306.5 3,494.1 2,243.2 2,278.2 7,549.7 4,171.2 23,193.2 7,351.3Santa Barbara 2,508.4 1,579.8 24,343.8 6,363.4 26,852.2 6,571.6 6,569.6 3,986.5 21,840.0 11,927.7 28,409.6 12,551.0 55,261.8 14,125.9

Santa Clara 10,491.4 5,607.1 42,610.7 9,299.8 53,102.1 10,853.6 — — 27,592.6 17,948.6 27,592.6 17,948.6 80,694.7 20,873.2

Santa Cruz 37,920.1 8,596.0 1,885.6 1,267.0 39,805.7 8,684.4 24,513.4 13,547.1 1,708.4 1,740.5 26,221.8 13,649.3 66,027.6 16,174.3

Shasta 530,442.1 48,711.6 140,580.9 27,165.9 671,023.1 55,039.2 59,488.7 16,028.9 19,709.9 8,108.2 79,198.6 17,768.4 750,221.6 57,260.9

Sierra 163,246.6 24,671.7 — — 163,246.6 24,671.7 105.1 107.1 — — 105.1 107.1 163,351.7 24,672.2

Siskiyou 853,127.8 56,512.0 110,317.4 22,668.8 963,445.1 60,270.7 101,017.3 17,846.5 5,990.0 3,264.1 107,007.3 18,296.3 1,070,452.4 61,555.7

Solano — — 3,572.1 1,817.3 3,572.1 1,817.3 — — — — — — 3,572.1 1,817.3

Sonoma 161,449.8 27,297.5 27,114.3 7,952.7 188,564.1 28,194.0 4,726.1 2,921.9 6,285.3 3,533.1 11,011.4 4,583.5 199,575.5 28,465.8

Stanislaus — — 19,990.2 8,826.7 19,990.2 8,826.7 — — 2,934.9 2,632.3 2,934.9 2,632.3 22,925.2 9,210.8

Sutter — — 32,308.4 18,805.2 32,308.4 18,805.2 — — — — — — 32,308.4 18,805.2Tehama 157,561.3 22,473.7 116,071.9 20,621.6 273,633.2 30,380.5 10,253.3 4,873.9 6,527.0 3,034.5 16,780.4 5,737.3 290,413.6 30,815.7Trinity 507,246.6 44,558.2 53,173.7 16,314.9 560,420.3 47,249.6 133,672.0 20,382.8 40,468.0 17,318.0 174,140.0 26,651.2 734,560.3 52,760.7

Tulare 26,180.6 6,806.3 42,205.3 9,055.8 68,385.9 11,087.3 152,949.9 32,308.9 58,340.7 11,375.3 211,290.5 33,406.4 279,676.4 34,627.7

Tuolumne 139,317.6 20,863.1 36,055.1 9,695.2 175,372.8 22,865.1 88,794.1 15,345.2 5,865.3 2,469.8 94,659.4 15,475.2 270,032.2 27,495.3

Ventura 1,995.7 1,925.0 42,717.9 19,229.2 44,713.6 19,321.8 2,446.4 1,345.7 12,791.3 8,310.3 15,237.7 8,416.6 59,951.3 20,967.4

Yolo — — 5,637.8 1,885.2 5,637.8 1,885.2 — — — — — — 5,637.8 1,885.2

Yuba 53,862.4 14,728.5 13,931.0 4,992.4 67,793.5 15,559.4 — — 559.1 524.4 559.1 524.4 68,352.6 15,568.2

All counties 7,126,407.4 148,435.4 2,279,502.8 97,539.3 9,405,910.3 167,979.4 1,055,872.2 61,885.0 539,915.2 56,516.3 1,595,787.5 82,230.6 11,001,697.7 177,889.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
98

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-15—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Alameda — — 647.0 262.4 647.0 262.4 — — — — — — 647.0 262.4 Alpine 1,469.8 588.3 408.7 267.5 1,878.5 645.9 1,454.6 391.3 239.1 135.6 1,693.7 413.7 3,572.2 764.6 Amador 1,435.0 561.4 285.5 121.0 1,720.5 573.9 468.8 373.2 — — 468.8 373.2 2,189.3 684.4 Butte 9,044.1 1,781.5 673.3 233.9 9,717.5 1,795.5 — — 71.7 52.8 71.7 52.8 9,789.2 1,796.2 Calaveras 2,230.9 574.7 1,372.7 392.3 3,603.6 693.3 222.9 227.1 — — 222.9 227.1 3,826.5 729.4 Colusa 404.0 238.1 1,131.8 452.7 1,535.7 511.1 — — — — — — 1,535.7 511.1

Contra Costa — — 36.5 37.3 36.5 37.3 33.3 35.8 — — 33.3 35.8 69.7 51.7

Del Norte 10,244.3 1,474.1 693.1 289.2 10,937.4 1,491.5 2,060.4 719.5 48.5 61.4 2,108.9 721.9 13,046.3 1,626.7

El Dorado 11,955.1 1,722.4 747.6 316.2 12,702.7 1,748.2 2,198.3 1,468.0 766.8 523.7 2,965.1 1,558.6 15,667.8 2,322.4Fresno 3,869.1 829.5 1,181.7 343.9 5,050.8 894.3 5,060.9 956.7 1,494.4 424.2 6,555.3 1,039.6 11,606.2 1,332.7

Glenn 1,777.9 760.3 533.4 213.0 2,311.4 787.3 17.6 18.5 — — 17.6 18.5 2,329.0 787.4

Humboldt 31,919.7 4,459.4 1,111.4 411.9 33,031.1 4,474.8 6,022.6 1,612.3 — — 6,022.6 1,612.3 39,053.7 4,724.9

Imperial — — 84.3 61.7 84.3 61.7 — — 72.3 74.1 72.3 74.1 156.5 96.4

Inyo 219.3 159.9 1,602.5 404.6 1,821.7 434.5 151.0 149.4 1,372.2 423.7 1,523.2 448.9 3,344.9 616.8

Kern 2,201.6 1,038.6 4,748.9 1,933.1 6,950.5 2,182.6 — — 778.6 591.0 778.6 591.0 7,729.1 2,259.6

Lake 2,736.9 802.2 1,656.9 663.8 4,393.8 1,034.4 39.2 39.1 128.4 116.1 167.7 122.5 4,561.4 1,040.1Lassen 10,785.2 1,591.4 3,830.7 1,173.5 14,615.9 1,971.2 923.2 464.2 — — 923.2 464.2 15,539.1 2,019.9

Los Angeles 807.7 428.3 491.1 156.3 1,298.8 455.2 6.5 6.3 675.3 505.4 681.8 505.4 1,980.5 678.4

Madera 2,580.7 592.8 923.8 349.3 3,504.6 687.0 1,867.8 548.3 153.6 86.9 2,021.5 554.4 5,526.0 876.0

Marin 1,529.0 779.1 352.8 183.0 1,881.8 800.2 788.1 688.1 — — 788.1 688.1 2,669.9 1,055.4

Mariposa 1,976.2 656.4 1,511.7 541.4 3,487.9 849.4 4,584.9 1,020.7 332.9 243.5 4,917.8 1,040.6 8,405.7 1,339.4

Mendocino 18,593.9 2,220.6 2,460.9 623.9 21,054.8 2,301.3 1,220.9 865.4 777.5 469.7 1,998.4 983.8 23,053.2 2,499.7

Modoc 8,755.8 1,593.6 1,696.2 449.7 10,452.0 1,655.8 1,287.7 792.0 474.9 476.9 1,762.6 922.9 12,214.5 1,891.2

Mono 1,257.5 502.7 8,179.7 1,896.3 9,437.3 1,953.6 290.9 290.1 512.0 355.3 802.9 458.6 10,240.2 2,004.6

Monterey 642.4 421.2 1,479.4 481.6 2,121.8 639.2 167.6 154.8 1,884.9 1,117.9 2,052.5 1,128.3 4,174.3 1,296.0

Napa 585.4 347.5 438.2 200.4 1,023.6 399.5 — — 111.4 84.5 111.4 84.5 1,135.0 408.3

Nevada 5,225.3 1,025.6 237.0 181.3 5,462.3 1,041.4 — — 48.7 44.4 48.7 44.4 5,511.1 1,042.3

Orange — — 46.5 42.3 46.5 42.3 — — — — — — 46.5 42.3Placer 10,349.4 2,275.9 1,260.4 433.2 11,609.9 2,314.5 407.6 177.3 77.7 54.1 485.3 185.1 12,095.1 2,319.4
99

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-15—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Plumas 33,606.7 4,466.6 621.4 289.7 34,228.1 4,481.6 1,436.5 861.6 — — 1,436.5 861.6 35,664.6 4,547.5

Riverside 7.7 7.0 383.8 209.8 391.6 210.0 49.4 44.4 289.0 216.1 338.4 220.6 730.0 304.5

San Benito — — 376.1 136.1 376.1 136.1 — — — — — — 376.1 136.1

San Bernardino 2,648.7 1,018.1 4,248.2 1,161.9 6,896.9 1,537.3 774.3 443.6 1,956.7 611.4 2,730.9 754.5 9,627.9 1,697.8

San Diego 1,287.7 1,071.4 874.3 391.5 2,162.0 1,138.7 742.6 610.1 530.3 268.8 1,273.0 666.0 3,435.0 1,319.1

San Luis Obispo — — 979.3 331.3 979.3 331.3 — — 8.0 7.1 8.0 7.1 987.3 331.3

San Mateo 658.1 378.9 — — 658.1 378.9 190.5 136.3 237.2 240.9 427.7 276.8 1,085.8 461.6Santa Barbara 40.3 38.7 1,949.6 829.5 1,990.0 833.9 119.6 118.3 386.0 191.7 505.6 224.7 2,495.6 861.7

Santa Clara 261.3 204.8 1,025.3 338.6 1,286.6 392.4 — — 288.2 119.8 288.2 119.8 1,574.8 409.0Santa Cruz 1,335.9 419.7 — — 1,335.9 419.7 506.2 266.1 — — 506.2 266.1 1,842.1 496.8

Shasta 17,259.4 2,636.2 3,205.4 870.7 20,464.7 2,767.1 4,299.8 1,939.3 195.4 146.9 4,495.2 1,940.6 24,959.9 3,362.2

Sierra 11,677.7 2,280.8 1,379.3 1,315.1 13,057.0 2,622.0 — — — — — — 13,057.0 2,622.0

Siskiyou 35,517.7 3,084.5 2,380.3 565.1 37,898.0 3,126.1 9,925.4 1,856.4 293.2 130.3 10,218.6 1,861.5 48,116.6 3,517.4

Solano — — 193.1 171.9 193.1 171.9 — — — — — — 193.1 171.9

Sonoma 3,061.4 600.9 768.7 315.4 3,830.0 671.6 616.4 424.3 173.8 131.7 790.1 444.2 4,620.1 802.3

Stanislaus — — 166.9 127.6 166.9 127.6 — — 117.2 113.7 117.2 113.7 284.1 170.9

Tehama 6,770.1 1,185.2 2,105.3 1,001.2 8,875.4 1,546.3 1,288.6 664.6 164.6 97.4 1,453.2 671.3 10,328.6 1,676.9

Trinity 19,069.9 2,243.9 1,494.6 499.4 20,564.4 2,288.1 15,911.7 2,778.5 655.7 365.5 16,567.5 2,798.4 37,131.9 3,506.0

Tulare 6,089.3 3,101.1 4,610.9 1,979.6 10,700.2 3,678.7 10,165.3 1,915.9 6,125.3 2,411.9 16,290.6 3,053.1 26,990.8 4,712.6Tuolumne 7,675.7 1,295.1 1,380.4 462.3 9,056.0 1,368.8 8,485.5 1,872.5 354.1 260.1 8,839.7 1,886.0 17,895.7 2,326.9

Ventura — — 988.7 329.8 988.7 329.8 1,307.3 1,095.2 321.6 279.3 1,628.9 1,128.5 2,617.6 1,172.8

Yolo — — 61.6 42.8 61.6 42.8 — — — — — — 61.6 42.8

Yuba 1,430.0 497.4 274.4 120.5 1,704.3 511.5 — — — — — — 1,704.3 511.5

All counties 290,993.6 9,695.2 69,291.4 4,736.7 360,285.0 10,626.3 85,093.9 5,755.1 22,117.5 3,146.5 107,211.4 6,492.6 467,496.4 11,945.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
100

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-16—Number of live treesa on forest land, by county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010

Broad species group

Softwood species Hardwood species All species groups

County Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Alameda 1,252.1 1,139.3 16,824.9 5,047.1 18,077.0 5,286.0

Alpine 68,235.7 12,937.0 11,576.9 6,909.6 79,812.6 14,850.4

Amador 29,999.4 9,606.4 33,320.3 10,441.8 63,319.7 14,672.7

Butte 145,729.2 26,797.2 160,156.6 27,657.0 305,885.8 43,503.0

Calaveras 63,411.1 15,192.1 72,721.1 17,097.3 136,132.2 23,331.7

Colusa 19,686.4 8,281.7 40,444.7 11,690.8 60,131.0 17,500.4

Contra Costa 619.2 541.8 10,203.1 4,869.5 10,822.3 5,011.8

Del Norte 143,226.7 21,054.8 211,846.8 32,453.6 355,073.5 43,036.3

El Dorado 238,320.3 28,623.7 102,656.2 22,775.1 340,976.5 38,426.8

Fresno 187,733.0 21,378.2 116,526.9 23,853.9 304,260.0 32,402.5

Glenn 21,576.8 6,434.6 50,829.0 14,307.4 72,405.9 16,554.7

Humboldt 429,646.5 40,207.3 671,066.1 58,106.2 1,100,712.6 79,195.1

Imperial — — 1,119.9 699.6 1,119.9 699.6

Inyo 62,557.9 8,937.2 23,434.4 8,645.1 85,992.3 12,497.3

Kern 38,708.3 6,285.0 121,321.5 21,891.4 160,029.8 24,076.5

Lake 64,632.3 16,294.9 112,408.5 25,968.4 177,040.7 32,755.1

Lassen 291,244.1 30,607.6 40,491.6 12,451.9 331,735.7 33,501.8

Los Angeles 4,976.6 1,339.4 94,980.3 30,372.4 99,957.0 30,513.0

Madera 105,544.7 18,369.4 77,177.8 18,778.2 182,722.5 27,436.0

Marin 3,624.4 1,777.7 15,431.3 4,656.2 19,055.7 5,437.7

Mariposa 77,346.5 13,648.8 116,428.0 26,074.2 193,774.5 31,625.5

Mendocino 325,315.1 26,841.1 605,684.6 48,300.9 930,999.7 63,116.7

Merced — — 2,930.1 1,927.5 2,930.1 1,927.5

Modoc 182,509.8 18,186.3 25,168.2 6,543.1 207,678.0 20,053.3

Mono 133,125.1 20,840.7 74,119.8 21,714.3 207,244.9 30,684.5

Monterey 11,963.1 3,976.1 157,934.5 41,054.3 169,897.6 41,509.4

Napa 11,244.5 3,068.6 53,249.7 14,320.8 64,494.2 16,164.7

Nevada 84,252.5 15,032.4 54,151.6 13,553.0 138,404.0 21,513.4

Orange — — 1,613.3 1,289.8 1,613.3 1,289.8

Placer 176,768.3 31,573.6 87,440.3 15,059.5 264,208.6 37,381.7

Plumas 436,925.3 37,861.1 91,619.6 22,139.1 528,544.9 45,992.3

Riverside 3,356.3 1,206.5 22,017.1 13,382.0 25,373.4 13,570.7

Sacramento — — 528.7 421.2 528.7 421.2

San Benito 2,633.5 1,182.4 17,467.5 5,168.4 20,101.0 5,430.7

San Bernardino 33,191.2 6,060.9 71,896.4 20,627.3 105,087.6 22,048.7

San Diego 3,155.0 1,754.9 17,393.9 7,475.5 20,548.9 7,802.6

San Joaquin 6.2 6.3 3,213.1 1,966.3 3,219.3 1,966.4
101

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-16—Number of live treesa on forest land, by county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010 

(continued)

Broad species group

Softwood species Hardwood species All species groups

County Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

San Luis Obispo 3,268.6 1,188.4 32,309.4 7,989.2 35,578.0 8,168.6

San Mateo 6,011.6 2,677.6 17,181.5 5,690.4 23,193.2 7,351.3

Santa Barbara 4,935.2 2,043.2 50,326.6 13,788.4 55,261.8 14,125.9

Santa Clara 4,496.2 1,993.4 76,198.5 20,582.6 80,694.7 20,873.2

Santa Cruz 29,663.5 12,102.5 36,364.0 8,015.3 66,027.6 16,174.3

Shasta 407,304.7 35,959.9 342,916.9 40,313.7 750,221.6 57,260.9

Sierra 134,720.1 21,779.3 28,631.6 8,117.8 163,351.7 24,672.2

Siskiyou 658,274.0 42,471.0 412,178.4 42,350.7 1,070,452.4 61,555.7

Solano — — 3,572.1 1,817.3 3,572.1 1,817.3

Sonoma 69,346.4 14,122.0 130,229.1 19,746.7 199,575.5 28,465.8

Stanislaus 4,465.5 2,589.6 18,459.7 8,434.6 22,925.2 9,210.8

Sutter — — 32,308.4 18,805.2 32,308.4 18,805.2

Tehama 132,977.4 18,924.8 157,436.1 21,896.0 290,413.6 30,815.7

Trinity 420,118.6 35,583.3 314,441.7 32,216.7 734,560.3 52,760.7

Tulare 144,171.7 14,372.2 135,504.7 30,669.7 279,676.4 34,627.7

Tuolumne 185,427.6 19,312.0 84,604.6 17,791.0 270,032.2 27,495.3

Ventura 15,719.7 3,300.8 44,231.6 20,702.0 59,951.3 20,967.4

Yolo 698.5 357.4 4,939.4 1,662.9 5,637.8 1,885.2

Yuba 20,663.6 6,198.2 47,688.9 11,436.0 68,352.6 15,568.2

All counties 5,644,780.1 107,341.9 5,356,917.6 144,918.1 11,001,697.7 177,889.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
102

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-17—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010

Broad species groups

Softwood species Hardwood species All species groups

County Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Alameda — — 647.0 262.4 647.0 262.4

Alpine 3,212.1 711.0 360.1 245.3 3,572.2 764.6

Amador 1,286.3 537.9 903.0 416.9 2,189.3 684.4

Butte 5,355.8 1,263.6 4,433.4 972.8 9,789.2 1,796.2

Calaveras 2,328.6 582.1 1,497.9 404.4 3,826.5 729.4

Colusa 614.4 301.2 921.3 325.6 1,535.7 511.1

Contra Costa 33.3 35.8 36.5 37.3 69.7 51.7

Del Norte 9,104.2 1,339.5 3,942.1 769.2 13,046.3 1,626.7

El Dorado 12,989.1 2,164.2 2,678.7 620.3 15,667.8 2,322.4

Fresno 9,946.7 1,253.7 1,659.5 382.5 11,606.2 1,332.7

Glenn 1,741.7 758.4 587.4 202.4 2,329.0 787.4

Humboldt 17,188.0 1,936.9 21,865.7 4,117.1 39,053.7 4,724.9

Imperial — — 156.5 96.4 156.5 96.4

Inyo 2,476.3 459.1 868.7 403.4 3,344.9 616.8

Kern 3,809.4 1,234.6 3,919.6 1,685.9 7,729.1 2,259.6

Lake 1,554.1 415.9 3,007.3 941.4 4,561.4 1,040.1

Lassen 11,416.1 1,613.8 4,123.1 1,184.7 15,539.1 2,019.9

Los Angeles 469.6 213.3 1,510.9 621.5 1,980.5 678.4

Madera 4,684.6 818.4 841.4 251.2 5,526.0 876.0

Marin 274.6 167.3 2,395.3 1,026.9 2,669.9 1,055.4

Mariposa 6,419.4 1,157.4 1,986.3 577.5 8,405.7 1,339.4

Mendocino 9,227.5 1,310.8 13,825.8 1,700.4 23,053.2 2,499.7

Modoc 9,128.0 1,534.9 3,086.6 919.4 12,214.5 1,891.2

Mono 6,337.7 1,465.7 3,902.5 1,120.1 10,240.2 2,004.6

Monterey 762.9 411.3 3,411.5 1,219.8 4,174.3 1,296.0

Napa 242.0 136.3 893.0 366.5 1,135.0 408.3

Orange — — 46.5 42.3 46.5 42.3

Placer 9,331.8 1,908.4 2,763.3 722.4 12,095.1 2,319.4

Plumas 30,649.0 3,933.6 5,015.6 1,598.2 35,664.6 4,547.5

Riverside 364.9 221.1 365.0 197.3 730.0 304.5

San Benito 82.9 63.2 293.2 118.9 376.1 136.1

San Bernardino 7,245.5 1,269.4 2,382.4 690.8 9,627.9 1,697.8

San Diego 1,110.8 574.6 2,324.2 1,135.4 3,435.0 1,319.1

San Luis Obispo 107.2 62.6 880.1 319.8 987.3 331.3

San Mateo 366.2 290.7 719.7 365.0 1,085.8 461.6

Santa Barbara 498.8 217.3 1,996.7 830.5 2,495.6 861.7

Santa Clara 218.3 112.9 1,356.5 369.6 1,574.8 409.0
103

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-17—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by county and broad species group, California, 2001–2010 

(continued)

Broad species groups

Softwood species Hardwood species All species groups

County Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Santa Cruz 591.5 215.6 1,250.6 432.3 1,842.1 496.8

Shasta 17,828.6 3,164.6 7,131.3 1,081.6 24,959.9 3,362.2

Sierra 10,601.9 2,222.3 2,455.0 1,292.4 13,057.0 2,622.0

Siskiyou 36,324.0 2,741.1 11,792.6 1,810.9 48,116.6 3,517.4

Solano — — 193.1 171.9 193.1 171.9

Sonoma 1,560.6 425.3 3,059.6 610.3 4,620.1 802.3

Stanislaus 129.5 121.9 154.6 119.8 284.1 170.9

Tehama 7,104.8 1,205.1 3,223.9 860.5 10,328.6 1,676.9

Trinity 22,613.4 2,362.2 14,518.5 2,225.9 37,131.9 3,506.0

Tulare 19,434.7 3,929.9 7,556.1 2,495.9 26,990.8 4,712.6

Tuolumne 14,928.3 2,075.4 2,967.4 724.2 17,895.7 2,326.9

Ventura 808.7 268.0 1,808.9 1,025.8 2,617.6 1,172.8

Yolo 23.9 18.1 37.7 38.8 61.6 42.8

Yuba 868.1 289.2 836.3 337.0 1,704.3 511.5

All counties 307,818.1 8,971.4 159,678.3 7,491.7 467,496.4 11,945.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
104

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-18—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 1.0–2.9 3.0–4.9 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Douglas-fir 532,845.3 31,182.9 223,000.8 13,734.2 136,087.0 5,103.8 95,661.4 3,703.8 70,889.9 2,805.0 49,333.5 2,106.9 Incense cedar 258,260.5 24,422.2 123,668.4 10,867.5 68,395.2 3,811.1 42,658.8 2,476.7 29,271.2 1,795.1 18,995.6 1,249.8

Lodgepole pine 105,042.7 16,135.9 56,767.8 10,722.9 35,092.3 4,074.0 22,265.2 2,241.5 18,957.4 2,020.2 13,205.9 1,260.7Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 246,205.9 19,094.6 145,125.7 10,919.0 110,232.9 5,194.9 85,867.5 4,294.4 63,308.7 3,118.9 46,977.7 2,266.7

Redwood 146,146.5 19,969.3 35,593.6 6,141.6 31,031.6 2,988.9 22,046.5 2,010.6 16,802.8 1,588.7 17,134.5 1,662.3Sitka spruce 1,372.9 822.4 959.5 971.0 621.5 255.0 698.6 286.4 443.4 196.6 417.6 235.5

Sugar pine 46,021.8 6,296.6 19,919.7 3,760.7 12,481.9 1,117.9 9,800.6 861.4 6,730.8 650.8 5,247.4 493.7

True fir 581,150.7 37,111.9 248,958.0 15,409.7 162,117.7 6,174.3 117,516.8 4,493.4 87,053.6 3,530.6 60,634.1 2,580.8

Western hemlock 13,785.3 5,295.6 4,952.4 2,349.0 1,712.8 705.5 1,245.4 265.9 1,035.0 304.9 570.6 179.9

Western juniper 29,244.8 4,569.1 22,362.1 4,492.9 17,638.1 1,537.0 14,225.0 1,189.5 11,176.7 961.6 7,925.0 724.3

Western white pine 19,895.6 4,557.5 9,827.2 2,492.3 6,331.8 847.4 3,997.8 573.0 3,044.7 471.2 1,764.0 300.5

Woodland softwoods 56,352.2 12,470.9 33,442.4 4,793.2 23,188.6 1,926.5 18,475.2 1,394.0 16,514.9 1,236.5 12,435.2 1,050.5

Other western softwoods 139,383.5 16,485.5 50,234.9 7,880.9 36,040.0 3,152.3 24,311.2 2,224.9 15,014.6 1,266.6 10,709.3 952.6

Total 2,175,707.8 70,266.8 974,812.6 31,400.7 640,971.4 12,392.0 458,770.1 8,668.8 340,243.7 6,459.0 245,350.3 4,843.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 63,026.4 17,124.5 13,064.1 6,140.3 3,478.0 1,192.2 1,472.2 428.6 1,013.6 314.5 792.5 301.2

Oak 1,209,676.7 76,869.6 575,881.0 34,146.4 392,412.0 13,003.7 250,437.6 7,796.4 147,637.4 4,634.3 80,324.9 2,807.3

Red alder 12,527.3 4,311.2 8,937.0 2,760.4 7,984.9 1,443.0 7,373.6 1,118.5 6,404.1 1,089.8 4,439.3 886.2

Tanoak 672,445.6 48,958.2 223,216.6 16,342.6 137,297.5 7,357.2 80,136.2 4,470.8 48,810.1 3,032.5 29,767.7 1,984.3

Woodland hardwoods 44,742.9 9,052.7 28,270.7 7,527.4 23,192.6 3,160.1 15,275.2 2,013.9 10,870.1 1,533.4 6,537.9 868.1

Other western hardwoods 600,501.9 47,850.4 197,744.8 19,588.8 93,418.8 4,729.1 56,229.7 3,041.5 34,224.1 1,847.9 21,080.5 1,329.6

Total 2,602,920.7 106,070.3 1,047,114.2 44,272.5 657,783.7 15,888.7 410,924.5 9,594.3 248,959.3 6,035.0 142,942.8 3,935.3

All species groups 4,778,628.5 127,930.6 2,021,926.8 54,382.2 1,298,755.1 19,576.8 869,694.6 12,403.0 589,202.9 8,487.7 388,293.1 6,073.7
105

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-18—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 38,269.1 1,664.7 29,568.8 1,397.8 22,279.1 1,156.2 13,857.8 863.6 11,766.7 788.5 8,812.6 539.1

Incense cedar 12,707.0 985.1 10,237.9 788.8 7,676.9 677.1 5,574.9 537.4 4,138.6 475.0 3,238.7 338.7

Lodgepole pine 12,712.7 1,214.4 8,008.7 859.3 7,897.7 784.6 5,714.2 599.4 4,639.0 559.0 2,869.6 324.0

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 35,163.3 1,711.1 26,284.7 1,396.8 19,503.2 1,095.8 14,488.0 895.8 11,041.4 744.0 7,638.1 491.2

Redwood 11,186.3 1,137.3 8,888.0 902.2 6,464.5 746.2 5,860.8 684.5 5,193.6 575.7 3,704.9 435.8Sitka spruce 419.6 203.2 325.7 211.3 372.2 239.0 185.0 103.8 193.2 109.1 30.4 18.6

Sugar pine 3,390.0 407.4 3,204.1 398.7 2,761.4 347.3 2,823.3 356.2 2,093.1 302.4 1,900.9 239.8

True fir 50,469.4 2,227.4 36,464.2 1,729.4 28,305.6 1,467.0 21,605.1 1,163.2 15,861.9 955.5 11,770.5 694.5Western hemlock 709.0 252.8 340.5 130.1 322.6 109.5 187.2 107.3 91.1 84.1 12.8 9.0

Western juniper 5,327.9 563.2 3,670.2 431.2 3,509.1 428.9 1,839.0 281.9 1,435.3 241.1 1,092.2 176.7

Western white pine 1,715.0 290.0 1,181.0 255.4 1,210.5 295.3 728.9 193.3 599.5 158.1 515.1 108.5Woodland softwoods 11,100.2 920.9 9,208.6 788.0 5,543.8 514.8 3,879.1 471.6 2,372.7 362.7 1,499.9 218.4Other western softwoods 8,149.7 769.5 6,102.9 650.6 5,293.7 595.7 4,568.0 564.3 3,041.6 436.2 2,131.3 269.1

Total 191,319.1 3,883.1 143,485.3 3,122.8 111,140.3 2,633.7 81,311.3 2,134.3 62,467.7 1,827.2 45,217.0 1,269.3

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 635.0 224.2 640.1 209.8 381.4 200.3 469.4 187.6 256.5 99.3 145.8 49.6

Oak 50,616.4 1,979.6 32,722.1 1,436.6 21,180.2 1,061.8 12,749.4 794.5 8,883.3 644.1 5,860.7 444.7

Red alder 1,828.4 415.3 1,529.6 350.5 604.9 201.2 432.2 129.1 46.5 42.3 83.5 55.1

Tanoak 17,762.9 1,356.6 9,995.4 883.8 6,680.3 715.2 4,718.3 510.3 3,766.6 479.5 1,649.5 221.3

Woodland hardwoods 4,521.2 670.5 2,735.9 498.8 1,510.1 269.6 1,067.5 221.8 651.5 195.1 268.6 93.9

Other western hardwoods 13,598.4 968.9 8,736.1 779.2 6,092.1 587.4 2,727.7 339.8 2,448.2 343.7 1,640.1 211.6

Total 88,962.3 2,777.0 56,359.2 1,995.1 36,449.0 1,490.3 22,164.5 1,061.3 16,052.6 908.5 9,648.2 570.2

All species groups 280,281.5 4,646.7 199,844.4 3,620.1 147,589.3 2,979.9 103,475.8 2,357.1 78,520.3 2,018.3 54,865.2 1,385.6
106

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-18—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Douglas-fir 7,398.4 324.1 5,366.5 257.3 4,710.0 231.3 3,912.3 209.6 3,366.5 183.7 2,714.8 165.1 Incense cedar 2,630.2 187.9 1,914.7 145.6 1,356.4 116.0 1,108.4 100.9 984.6 92.7 836.6 90.7

Lodgepole pine 2,488.7 235.0 1,736.3 177.9 1,428.3 165.9 827.1 107.0 541.2 83.9 405.0 59.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 5,568.6 264.6 4,738.6 239.4 3,636.0 202.6 2,905.8 180.7 2,156.8 145.3 1,570.8 123.0

Redwood 3,452.7 338.4 2,709.3 245.4 2,106.5 224.2 1,654.3 170.9 1,415.1 166.7 1,048.7 125.6

Sitka spruce 65.7 30.8 32.3 18.2 62.7 29.1 35.4 15.2 43.7 20.2 42.4 25.3Sugar pine 1,530.1 119.1 1,408.2 122.5 1,106.9 96.8 1,016.9 100.3 872.0 86.9 732.0 78.6

True fir 9,385.3 454.4 7,938.3 388.8 6,104.1 324.5 4,760.5 267.5 3,502.5 223.0 3,083.7 203.7

Western hemlock 71.8 23.8 36.1 20.4 20.3 11.3 — — 23.3 12.2 — —

Western juniper 623.8 78.4 363.9 56.8 361.4 56.7 255.8 44.7 217.8 41.4 110.8 30.4

Western white pine 447.1 66.8 406.1 66.5 387.3 60.9 313.7 53.0 250.9 46.9 247.5 43.3

Woodland softwoods 965.0 106.7 510.3 71.2 248.5 43.2 265.7 50.9 161.2 36.3 128.0 30.5Other western softwoods 1,535.5 166.7 1,197.2 135.0 914.8 127.0 722.7 99.4 486.5 75.2 413.7 70.6

Total 36,163.0 782.2 28,357.8 641.4 22,443.1 567.3 17,778.7 467.4 14,022.0 405.1 11,334.2 360.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 84.0 30.4 123.5 49.6 56.2 19.0 29.2 16.1 5.9 6.0 17.9 10.9

Oak 3,142.6 171.6 2,098.7 136.2 1,510.0 113.0 1,080.0 92.9 703.9 76.9 424.8 56.0Red alder 18.5 10.8 16.8 10.5 20.6 11.4 9.9 8.0 — — — —Tanoak 966.3 110.9 669.4 86.2 505.3 80.6 160.4 33.8 132.6 30.3 161.3 42.9

Woodland hardwoods 182.9 44.5 91.2 31.4 48.0 17.3 6.0 6.2 6.0 6.2 12.4 8.9

Other western hardwoods 915.9 90.4 593.2 67.4 442.3 62.8 315.1 59.8 198.2 39.4 216.8 45.7

Total 5,310.0 238.3 3,592.8 188.8 2,582.4 158.7 1,600.5 117.3 1,046.6 92.8 833.3 86.6

All species groups 41,473.0 812.3 31,950.7 666.0 25,025.4 587.1 19,379.2 480.9 15,068.6 416.7 12,167.4 371.9
107

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-18—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 2,484.5 155.9 1,895.2 129.6 1,550.7 121.7 1,476.0 118.7 1,222.3 100.8 982.6 92.6 3,994.5 282.2 1,273,446.1 47,404.1

Incense cedar 663.8 74.5 473.7 61.0 384.8 56.2 356.2 48.3 202.9 38.3 138.3 31.7 663.7 86.1 596,538.2 35,953.4

Lodgepole pine 217.1 38.4 232.2 44.3 135.0 32.1 99.4 27.4 61.2 19.5 23.7 12.1 34.8 19.0 301,403.0 30,759.7

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,237.6 106.9 1,073.7 91.7 748.7 74.1 516.2 62.9 478.1 61.9 344.0 52.1 701.7 85.6 837,513.8 33,901.7

Redwood 823.9 120.1 745.2 102.8 519.0 76.5 391.9 67.4 294.3 55.3 228.7 44.4 1,918.4 308.7 327,361.8 30,087.1

Sitka spruce 22.6 12.1 19.3 11.3 23.2 15.7 24.4 12.6 — — 6.4 6.5 34.0 23.5 6,451.7 2,335.5

Sugar pine 463.1 56.4 404.6 53.4 376.9 51.1 293.5 48.7 249.2 39.2 208.8 37.5 832.8 102.1 125,870.0 10,157.0

True fir 2,314.2 168.1 1,882.3 152.2 1,463.4 139.7 1,068.3 102.1 928.9 97.2 692.3 79.4 1,735.5 169.8 1,466,766.7 58,401.6

Western hemlock 8.7 7.6 — — 6.2 6.3 — — 17.4 10.3 — — 24.7 25.1 25,173.0 7,818.2

Western juniper 196.9 40.8 101.3 29.1 93.2 23.9 39.9 15.9 75.5 24.9 41.1 16.2 175.4 44.9 122,102.3 9,802.2Western white pine 309.7 51.2 206.0 38.2 101.3 26.4 144.5 32.4 61.6 19.5 109.5 27.5 275.5 53.7 54,071.6 7,157.0

Woodland softwoods 60.3 22.0 68.3 20.7 35.6 18.2 38.7 17.9 37.0 15.3 — — 18.8 14.1 196,550.3 16,987.6

Other western softwoods 319.6 55.7 253.4 51.5 174.8 45.9 111.9 34.4 104.8 29.9 85.2 33.1 231.0 66.0 311,531.7 24,904.6

Total 9,122.0 308.8 7,355.1 267.1 5,612.5 239.1 4,560.9 207.0 3,733.2 178.9 2,860.6 156.6 10,640.6 534.8 5,644,780.1 107,341.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 23.9 18.1 — — — — — — — — — — 6.2 6.3 85,721.8 22,226.7

Oak 301.9 46.0 245.8 40.8 189.4 39.0 47.1 17.3 87.7 23.7 55.0 18.7 128.6 28.6 2,798,396.9 106,865.8

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 52,257.0 8,050.5

Tanoak 56.1 18.9 20.5 11.5 47.8 21.3 10.6 8.5 31.9 18.6 16.8 10.6 16.9 10.5 1,239,042.8 68,575.6

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.3 — — — — — — 140,002.9 20,005.1

Other western hardwoods 127.9 34.4 65.4 22.8 18.4 10.9 55.7 18.9 18.7 10.9 8.4 7.4 77.9 22.5 1,041,496.2 60,818.0

Total 509.8 63.3 331.7 49.1 261.7 46.0 119.6 27.5 138.2 32.1 80.2 22.7 229.7 38.2 5,356,917.6 144,918.1

All species groups 9,631.8 315.7 7,686.8 271.0 5,874.1 244.0 4,680.5 208.9 3,871.4 181.7 2,940.8 158.1 10,870.3 536.3 11,001,697.7 177,889.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
108

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-19—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Douglas-fir 12,404.2 1,042.6 7,542.1 712.6 4,714.4 604.4 4,288.8 477.4 3,260.2 369.6 2,890.0 423.6 1,676.9 286.5 1,351.8 254.6

Incense cedar 7,656.6 796.6 4,569.1 513.2 2,486.3 387.4 2,136.5 339.3 1,336.1 241.0 777.5 184.8 783.0 171.9 432.0 137.3

Lodgepole pine 5,128.3 1,170.6 2,670.9 672.4 2,089.1 589.2 1,842.4 458.9 1,270.6 337.8 1,152.1 243.3 762.3 186.3 1,020.7 213.3

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 8,857.8 900.9 6,759.0 738.9 3,960.8 580.3 2,592.7 370.2 2,317.6 319.0 1,588.5 253.4 1,124.6 205.1 582.6 147.4

Redwood 2,939.4 569.1 1,349.2 288.6 1,240.4 258.2 594.5 162.6 118.6 67.7 413.5 148.0 483.8 155.2 222.9 93.4

Sitka spruce 93.0 59.8 63.9 50.8 63.9 50.8 — — — — — — — — 46.5 42.3Sugar pine 2,044.4 362.0 2,621.5 446.2 1,310.4 249.0 1,206.6 268.8 888.3 226.1 684.3 160.9 478.8 142.2 405.2 134.1

True fir 27,018.8 2,244.3 21,059.2 1,401.3 15,366.7 1,107.7 12,915.1 993.1 9,190.6 733.6 8,193.3 648.4 5,414.6 572.1 5,022.7 497.0

Western hemlock — — 45.5 42.1 155.8 78.6 36.0 39.5 — — 36.0 39.5 — — — —

Western juniper 709.8 222.3 824.9 197.9 396.4 119.6 272.5 116.5 238.2 94.5 220.6 91.1 148.0 74.3 151.7 75.6

Western white pine 1,128.0 319.0 503.2 181.0 632.7 219.7 322.9 121.7 345.9 148.8 112.6 64.8 102.1 61.8 296.5 140.5

Woodland softwoods 3,315.5 683.3 3,585.4 644.5 3,167.1 631.9 1,752.9 361.5 1,375.4 305.8 1,234.4 247.7 809.1 171.0 317.0 122.2

Other western softwoods 4,349.8 691.4 2,686.6 514.5 2,284.0 465.6 1,950.8 367.2 1,551.3 341.1 1,249.7 253.9 529.0 152.4 562.4 180.8

Total 75,645.5 3,368.8 54,280.5 2,262.3 37,868.1 1,831.3 29,911.7 1,465.4 21,892.9 1,132.3 18,552.5 959.4 12,312.2 791.9 10,412.1 704.7

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 904.0 444.4 300.0 153.1 210.7 88.4 134.2 99.6 134.6 85.2 31.4 34.2 — — — —

Oak 41,852.1 3,112.4 18,938.2 1,547.4 9,407.3 909.5 4,648.4 488.4 2,700.8 353.3 1,891.3 290.3 1,232.0 223.7 705.0 170.9

Red alder 1,894.9 485.1 1,295.7 306.1 677.3 177.2 216.9 109.1 48.3 43.0 127.8 101.7 39.8 39.0 — —

Tanoak 10,862.3 1,627.8 6,171.5 1,038.7 4,833.9 871.3 2,512.6 498.1 1,636.5 445.3 952.5 264.6 414.2 137.3 284.9 116.3

Woodland hardwoods 5,300.2 969.7 4,018.1 709.5 2,710.9 439.3 1,286.8 340.2 1,032.5 246.1 577.6 171.8 210.1 103.1 221.0 128.2

Other western hardwoods 12,544.4 1,233.2 5,976.0 726.0 3,105.2 428.0 1,659.0 274.5 1,067.1 211.0 712.9 177.1 417.9 125.9 222.2 91.7

Total 73,357.9 3,968.3 36,699.6 2,210.3 20,945.3 1,448.5 10,457.9 844.5 6,619.8 659.4 4,293.5 473.7 2,313.9 314.9 1,433.1 259.6

All species groups 149,003.5 5,305.2 90,980.1 3,227.1 58,813.4 2,356.8 40,369.6 1,700.6 28,512.7 1,316.5 22,846.0 1,071.4 14,626.1 854.3 11,845.2 749.2
109

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-19—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 1,063.4 204.7 1,196.8 179.5 965.6 91.8 740.0 87.1 683.4 77.1 704.7 79.1 642.9 72.6 464.8 58.0

Incense cedar 612.0 150.6 285.5 81.7 198.9 43.5 159.9 32.7 267.8 45.0 164.3 34.0 147.4 32.7 88.2 25.2

Lodgepole pine 622.7 151.1 371.6 86.8 442.4 63.5 323.7 52.7 253.2 51.1 176.8 37.4 111.5 27.7 109.5 28.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,016.1 200.4 657.9 125.1 476.9 61.7 409.4 53.6 407.0 57.0 433.2 57.1 294.8 44.2 187.2 35.0

Redwood 320.8 146.8 296.4 106.6 94.7 24.6 166.7 37.3 180.1 42.5 124.1 29.2 178.8 36.5 217.0 43.3

Sitka spruce — — — — 16.8 10.5 — — — — — — — — — —Sugar pine 260.3 98.3 176.5 50.5 201.3 39.3 156.0 32.2 134.7 28.9 156.2 35.8 115.3 30.9 96.1 25.7

True fir 4,272.3 471.1 2,760.7 282.6 1,974.8 146.5 1,616.5 124.5 1,382.0 115.1 1,274.7 107.4 958.5 90.1 765.2 77.9

Western hemlock 52.3 45.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.2 6.3

Western juniper 37.8 37.4 115.9 61.5 32.4 14.1 17.9 10.6 12.3 8.7 19.2 11.1 10.4 8.1 11.3 12.0

Western white pine 149.2 75.1 35.4 14.9 88.5 23.2 78.1 23.3 53.5 18.3 55.7 18.6 34.3 14.6 35.2 14.8

Woodland softwoods 295.8 106.8 62.2 42.5 53.8 18.4 26.2 12.9 31.0 14.1 16.7 10.3 27.5 12.8 19.5 11.3

Other western softwoods 598.5 168.8 565.5 142.2 301.3 54.0 169.4 36.1 129.8 32.5 135.8 29.3 92.2 24.1 58.2 20.7

Total 9,301.1 667.0 6,524.3 426.4 4,847.4 213.1 3,864.0 185.7 3,534.8 176.1 3,261.5 165.5 2,613.6 141.9 2,058.6 122.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — 11.8 8.7 — — — — — — — — 5.9 6.1 — —Oak 848.5 180.0 371.2 88.0 246.6 42.6 199.0 35.7 118.5 27.3 115.2 28.2 75.3 22.0 53.4 18.4

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —Tanoak 268.1 102.2 141.0 68.8 55.4 20.7 61.7 19.9 29.0 13.6 15.7 10.1 14.9 9.8 12.4 8.8

Woodland hardwoods 110.4 64.6 10.6 8.2 — — 17.8 10.5 — — 11.1 8.3 — — — —Other western hardwoods 136.2 71.7 165.4 73.0 57.5 19.2 33.7 14.7 71.6 23.5 20.2 11.3 15.2 9.9 20.5 11.4

Total 1,363.4 228.2 700.0 135.8 359.5 53.3 312.2 45.4 219.2 38.3 162.2 33.1 111.3 26.6 86.3 23.3

All species groups 10,664.5 704.5 7,224.3 445.8 5,206.9 219.3 4,176.2 190.8 3,754.0 179.3 3,423.7 169.1 2,724.9 144.4 2,144.9 125.0
110

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-19—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Douglas-fir 318.9 47.1 270.5 44.8 344.7 49.6 279.3 48.7 248.0 40.9 181.0 36.8 787.8 87.7 47,020.0 2,680.3 Incense cedar 121.7 27.6 82.6 22.8 89.8 23.5 48.1 17.4 54.6 18.5 57.0 20.8 96.1 24.5 22,651.1 1,712.8 Lodgepole pine 87.4 25.0 51.6 18.0 42.8 16.4 24.3 12.2 13.7 9.3 12.7 8.9 12.6 9.0 18,592.8 3,081.9

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 208.7 37.8 121.4 27.7 127.1 28.2 94.1 24.3 62.1 21.8 82.9 24.1 160.7 33.9 32,523.1 2,330.9

Redwood 184.9 34.0 128.2 29.9 125.7 31.4 146.6 30.4 106.1 25.9 125.2 30.2 1,646.8 211.7 11,404.8 1,308.3Sitka spruce — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 284.2 128.0

Sugar pine 90.2 26.5 127.7 30.7 62.5 19.7 85.0 24.5 43.8 16.6 29.9 13.6 251.1 44.9 11,626.0 1,269.3

True fir 550.7 64.1 511.8 63.9 449.0 61.8 382.8 51.9 334.8 51.2 211.7 37.8 882.5 99.2 122,508.8 6,141.7

Western hemlock 6.2 6.3 — — — — 8.7 7.6 — — 6.2 6.3 — — 352.8 140.4

Western juniper — — — — 5.6 6.0 — — 5.9 6.1 — — 5.7 5.9 3,236.5 574.0

Western white pine 42.7 16.3 30.8 13.8 23.0 11.9 18.8 14.0 6.4 6.3 16.6 10.1 38.2 15.3 4,150.3 843.6

Woodland softwoods 6.4 6.4 — — — — — — 6.7 6.4 — — — — 16,102.7 2,406.2

Other western softwoods 25.2 12.7 16.6 10.1 31.6 14.1 18.7 11.0 12.5 12.4 6.5 6.3 39.4 15.8 17,365.0 2,011.0

Total 1,643.0 108.8 1,341.1 100.2 1,301.9 97.1 1,106.3 89.1 894.7 80.2 729.5 71.0 3,920.9 259.7 307,818.1 8,971.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1,732.6 587.4

Oak 76.4 23.5 25.0 12.6 37.4 15.3 5.9 6.0 — — 4.2 5.1 5.8 6.0 83,557.8 5,079.5

Red alder 6.2 6.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — 4,307.0 823.8Tanoak — — 13.8 9.3 17.3 10.8 — — 6.7 6.6 — — — — 28,304.3 4,086.6Woodland hardwoods 6.0 6.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — 15,513.1 2,328.8Other western hardwoods 7.7 7.0 — — — — 7.7 7.0 10.6 8.5 — — 12.4 8.9 26,263.5 2,140.8

Total 96.2 26.1 38.8 15.7 54.7 18.7 13.7 9.3 17.3 10.7 4.2 5.1 18.2 10.8 159,678.3 7,491.7

All species groups 1,739.3 111.7 1,379.9 102.3 1,356.6 98.9 1,120.0 89.5 912.0 80.9 733.7 71.2 3,939.1 259.8 467,496.4 11,945.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
111

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-20—Number of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 1,910,549.1 73,982.2 138,774.8 23,769.5 25,553.1 8,279.4 569,128.2 43,228.3 302,696.4 38,172.7 871,824.6 54,163.9 2,946,701.5 94,539.7

Douglas-fir 148,883.9 22,734.9 15,044.4 9,014.9 31,269.2 12,163.7 231,452.6 39,070.1 137,811.5 23,611.7 369,264.1 44,100.1 564,461.6 51,767.0Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 464,732.0 39,035.5 38,994.9 8,312.7 11,192.9 7,439.3 84,099.0 23,813.4 18,041.4 6,391.5 102,140.3 24,595.1 617,060.1 47,418.5

Lodgepole pine 235,070.7 32,887.9 68,315.8 13,764.3 4,398.4 3,245.9 16,391.6 10,279.8 23,635.2 11,961.5 40,026.8 15,760.4 347,811.8 39,080.5

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 106,338.5 10,334.5 82,083.1 14,878.3 6,682.3 2,273.3 3,924.8 2,322.0 19,324.3 9,163.4 23,249.1 9,452.6 218,353.0 20,531.3

Ponderosa pine 275,449.1 25,546.5 12,595.6 4,901.1 691.3 412.6 83,448.8 14,627.4 101,017.9 18,268.7 184,466.7 23,069.8 473,202.6 34,719.3

Redwood 2,102.0 1,409.2 13,046.9 5,453.6 28,436.2 7,787.7 204,687.5 33,085.3 88,373.3 16,987.3 293,060.8 36,491.3 336,645.9 37,586.3

Western juniper 73,579.8 11,424.1 31,658.8 5,599.9 1,347.8 1,101.0 4,605.7 2,937.1 21,728.8 4,665.9 26,334.5 5,498.2 132,920.9 13,862.3

Western white pine 26,399.5 6,698.4 1,761.7 1,553.5 — — — — — — — — 28,161.2 6,876.2

Other western softwoods 74,840.2 15,291.2 19,179.0 5,499.5 8,706.3 7,756.9 13,002.8 5,845.8 21,949.8 9,023.9 34,952.6 10,749.3 137,678.0 20,969.3

Total 3,317,944.8 86,679.0 421,454.8 33,332.8 118,277.5 19,670.0 1,210,740.8 70,987.1 734,578.8 53,610.6 1,945,319.6 82,799.2 5,802,996.6 124,656.7

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 31,003.7 9,858.8 22,761.3 11,543.5 6,132.7 3,206.1 39,195.2 12,488.8 36,115.9 12,423.2 75,311.1 17,579.0 135,208.8 23,373.9Aspen/birch 40,275.1 15,565.7 1,496.5 1,119.1 2,536.3 2,584.0 12,302.1 13,091.7 4,211.0 3,073.3 16,513.1 13,447.6 60,821.0 20,760.9

Elm/ash/cottonwood 2,181.8 2,299.7 — — 1,082.7 781.5 — — 5,109.5 2,396.5 5,109.5 2,396.5 8,374.0 3,412.1Tanoak/laurel 385,075.4 50,387.4 34,232.3 11,939.7 84,183.2 23,966.0 503,273.5 59,894.5 494,971.4 52,513.6 998,244.9 75,424.9 1,501,735.8 94,025.8

Western oak 1,216,073.2 82,146.0 289,266.3 47,852.8 93,878.3 14,268.1 330,420.2 42,359.8 1,201,505.2 64,939.7 1,531,925.3 76,056.7 3,131,143.2 122,141.2

Woodland hardwoods 70,747.8 14,716.8 9,774.5 3,399.4 7,305.8 5,430.4 16,504.9 14,343.5 12,097.5 4,765.5 28,602.4 15,114.4 116,430.4 22,054.4

Other hardwoods 72,703.8 22,290.3 7,972.4 6,251.3 31,086.0 14,661.0 31,834.7 14,822.9 89,439.9 18,531.1 121,274.6 23,585.8 233,036.8 36,130.6

Total 1,818,060.8 99,040.5 365,503.3 50,899.6 226,205.0 31,987.6 933,530.6 77,317.0 1,843,450.2 84,002.4 2,776,980.9 107,708.4 5,186,750.0 156,412.3

Nonstocked 7,225.0 1,498.9 903.7 682.4 — — 3,531.4 1,499.4 291.0 131.8 3,822.4 1,505.0 11,951.1 2,230.8

All forest types 5,143,230.6 118,159.3 787,861.9 58,885.2 344,482.4 37,052.2 2,147,802.8 99,398.3 2,578,320.0 95,526.0 4,726,122.8 120,376.2 11,001,697.7 177,889.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
112

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 TableA2-21—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: California mixed conifer 109,790.9 5,643.6 10,367.3 1,740.5 1,255.2 505.9 18,670.4 1,773.8 7,967.7 1,290.2 26,638.1 2,093.1 148,051.6 6,269.7 Douglas-fir 7,888.1 1,378.5 1,242.7 759.0 1,561.2 727.0 4,023.5 819.1 6,392.4 1,791.3 10,415.9 1,941.9 21,107.9 2,600.3 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 44,272.5 4,103.8 4,606.6 1,179.0 1,801.4 1,432.8 4,240.8 983.0 1,188.8 486.5 5,429.6 1,091.1 56,110.1 4,632.3

Lodgepole pine 8,583.7 1,290.8 2,964.9 742.8 162.9 106.5 778.4 443.0 974.2 381.0 1,752.6 581.1 13,464.2 1,600.7Pinyon/juniper woodlands 5,860.5 903.3 5,545.5 1,638.2 476.6 248.5 32.6 35.2 1,911.9 698.9 1,944.4 699.8 13,826.9 2,003.9Ponderosa pine 9,770.9 1,696.9 357.2 182.3 93.8 63.1 1,993.8 490.2 2,166.6 520.2 4,160.4 706.2 14,382.3 1,848.4

Redwood 13.1 9.1 743.1 358.0 995.1 358.6 4,718.5 777.5 3,819.3 931.3 8,537.9 1,194.1 10,289.2 1,288.2Western juniper 3,809.9 1,204.7 1,152.2 389.6 55.5 56.6 85.7 57.3 824.9 258.5 910.6 264.6 5,928.4 1,294.6

Western white pine 1,917.0 679.5 50.8 34.9 — — 6.8 6.7 — — 6.8 6.7 1,974.6 680.5

Other western softwoods 4,208.7 1,334.7 1,119.8 413.9 334.3 216.9 1,151.0 565.6 880.6 467.5 2,031.6 733.3 7,694.4 1,592.9

Total 196,115.3 7,077.3 28,150.1 2,817.1 6,736.0 1,739.8 35,701.5 2,384.8 26,126.5 2,642.9 61,828.0 3,380.4 292,829.4 8,471.5

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 750.9 357.0 1,352.1 716.9 413.0 289.2 1,792.9 629.8 538.8 228.0 2,331.8 668.0 4,847.7 1,078.6

Aspen/birch 847.2 455.1 — — 43.3 44.1 — — 37.1 37.8 37.1 37.8 927.7 458.8

Elm/ash/cottonwood 175.6 185.1 — — 72.3 74.1 — — 114.6 85.0 114.6 85.0 362.5 216.8

Tanoak/laurel 13,027.3 2,459.0 2,477.5 1,547.0 3,926.7 1,290.5 12,521.2 3,441.0 6,858.3 919.9 19,379.5 3,517.0 38,811.0 4,732.1

Western oak 41,402.4 4,376.8 5,959.8 1,194.8 2,479.6 492.3 7,230.7 1,083.5 27,456.3 2,327.9 34,687.0 2,543.6 84,528.9 5,208.2

Woodland hardwoods 5,781.4 1,393.4 1,300.7 498.4 280.9 151.0 310.4 269.7 843.5 527.0 1,153.9 592.0 8,516.9 1,600.9

Other hardwoods 3,518.6 1,115.6 260.6 170.6 410.4 190.0 773.8 408.8 2,347.1 681.3 3,120.9 794.1 7,310.6 1,392.3

Total 65,503.5 5,295.2 11,350.8 2,133.3 7,626.2 1,426.7 22,629.0 3,642.8 38,195.8 2,625.3 60,824.8 4,403.8 145,305.2 7,313.3

Nonstocked 25,583.2 5,716.7 2,604.6 1,372.6 575.6 586.4 163.5 74.0 434.8 281.4 598.4 290.7 29,361.7 5,915.2

All forest types 287,201.9 9,884.7 42,105.5 3,696.0 14,937.7 2,292.6 58,494.0 4,281.0 64,757.2 3,661.5 123,251.2 5,340.8 467,496.4 11,945.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
113

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-22—Average number of live treesa per acre on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Number of trees per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 369.09 11.20 305.97 39.63 297.01 64.95 392.22 21.37 475.90 40.44 417.72 19.45 377.63 9.41

Douglas-fir 433.32 46.64 343.92 160.84 533.03 112.60 700.27 75.78 442.61 48.46 575.29 47.05 518.87 33.02

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 306.40 18.86 214.55 29.28 644.27 171.37 351.97 82.02 217.22 49.55 317.21 62.84 302.80 17.61

Lodgepole pine 336.10 36.41 290.77 39.85 272.12 96.50 638.36 230.87 545.87 190.34 580.30 148.08 341.16 28.95

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 125.59 10.27 111.99 18.58 88.96 16.82 187.98 39.94 103.72 45.59 112.21 41.41 117.27 9.86

Ponderosa pine 198.91 14.04 143.39 41.37 44.12 20.12 226.16 27.64 262.75 36.43 244.83 23.02 211.09 11.83

Redwood 153.59 37.01 343.79 42.86 327.19 46.10 582.41 60.64 402.18 46.30 513.07 42.45 474.33 35.42

Western juniper 89.66 12.32 87.24 12.72 117.08 37.15 184.66 67.65 69.06 12.26 77.55 13.22 86.62 7.82

Western white pine 183.67 29.74 109.26 89.19 — — — — — — — — 169.08 28.40

Other western softwoods 247.39 37.98 134.77 28.84 602.63 337.85 294.53 84.76 415.49 91.04 360.43 65.46 247.51 28.08

Total 294.98 6.94 183.72 12.68 309.72 36.74 422.85 18.94 329.15 18.22 381.81 13.34 305.11 5.75

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 553.61 79.76 726.50 174.35 369.11 102.75 480.54 90.37 519.78 89.31 498.59 64.25 530.24 49.93Aspen/birch 798.06 195.96 165.68 46.57 2,199.86 2,199.86 3,920.35 3,920.35 383.17 128.37 1,168.83 800.11 813.34 208.46Elm/ash/cottonwood 431.94 431.94 — — 107.67 22.77 — — 141.89 25.12 133.61 25.28 155.45 32.69

Tanoak/laurel 762.49 67.64 457.82 115.00 546.77 118.16 853.05 59.94 707.50 42.32 774.09 36.06 742.21 30.60

Western oak 452.02 24.85 451.27 62.37 195.90 21.19 398.27 38.97 245.99 11.22 268.10 11.21 328.74 10.83

Woodland hardwoods 248.52 39.81 93.95 23.03 370.02 214.72 2,475.57 2,475.57 214.16 52.58 452.90 202.99 246.87 39.17

Other hardwoods 348.26 92.59 179.35 126.89 535.69 181.72 556.98 184.50 370.13 51.89 405.87 55.94 382.00 46.99

Total 478.40 21.39 403.80 47.49 306.19 34.82 594.46 35.66 307.31 11.52 366.89 11.94 398.58 10.14

Nonstocked 13.43 2.47 11.28 7.93 — — 32.35 11.00 5.85 2.02 24.05 8.02 15.26 2.54

All forest types 329.98 7.36 240.25 16.33 305.71 26.03 472.79 17.40 311.39 9.62 368.57 8.72 335.26 5.23

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 0.005 trees per acre were estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
114

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-23—Average number of dead treesa per acre on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Number of trees per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 21.21 0.98 22.86 3.08 14.59 4.54 12.87 1.01 12.53 1.67 12.76 0.87 18.97 0.72 Douglas-fir 22.96 3.18 28.41 13.53 26.61 9.54 12.17 1.91 20.53 5.00 16.23 2.65 19.40 2.02 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 29.19 2.09 25.35 4.78 103.69 53.30 17.75 3.04 14.31 4.54 16.86 2.55 27.53 1.79 Lodgepole pine 12.27 1.48 12.62 2.56 10.08 1.26 30.31 8.18 22.50 2.28 25.41 3.58 13.21 1.22 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 6.92 0.98 7.57 2.19 6.34 2.81 1.56 1.45 10.26 3.26 9.38 2.97 7.43 1.03 Ponderosa pine 7.06 1.15 4.07 1.83 5.99 2.67 5.40 1.13 5.64 1.22 5.52 0.83 6.42 0.77

Redwood 0.95 0.21 19.58 5.38 11.45 2.82 13.43 1.53 17.38 3.17 14.95 1.55 14.50 1.35

Western juniper 4.64 1.42 3.18 1.02 4.82 3.45 3.44 1.54 2.62 0.75 2.68 0.71 3.86 0.81

Western white pine 13.34 4.07 3.15 0.88 — — 1.01 1.01 — — 1.01 1.01 11.86 3.57

Other western softwoods 13.91 3.95 7.87 2.42 23.14 0.98 26.07 7.90 16.67 6.73 20.95 5.29 13.83 2.46

Total 17.44 0.60 12.27 1.17 17.64 4.04 12.47 0.70 11.71 1.04 12.13 0.60 15.40 0.42

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 13.41 5.00 43.16 12.38 24.86 9.93 21.98 4.42 7.76 2.37 15.44 3.02 19.01 3.04Aspen/birch 16.79 7.53 — — 37.57 37.57 — — 3.38 2.95 2.63 2.34 12.41 5.41

Elm/ash/cottonwood 34.77 34.77 — — 7.19 5.42 — — 3.18 2.20 3.00 2.07 6.73 3.49

Tanoak/laurel 25.80 4.12 33.13 18.06 25.50 6.65 21.22 5.45 9.80 0.98 15.03 2.58 19.18 2.13

Western oak 15.39 1.50 9.30 1.65 5.17 0.85 8.72 1.08 5.62 0.45 6.07 0.41 8.87 0.51

Woodland hardwoods 20.31 3.98 12.50 3.83 14.23 2.70 46.56 46.56 14.93 7.77 18.27 7.42 18.06 2.76

Other hardwoods 16.85 4.56 5.86 3.11 7.07 2.30 13.54 6.29 9.71 2.33 10.44 2.23 11.98 1.97

Total 17.24 1.27 12.54 2.15 10.32 1.70 14.41 2.18 6.37 0.40 8.04 0.56 11.17 0.53

Nonstocked 47.56 9.28 32.52 14.71 93.20 93.20 1.50 0.63 8.74 5.49 3.77 1.79 37.49 6.76All forest types 18.43 0.63 12.84 1.08 13.26 1.83 12.88 0.87 7.82 0.41 9.61 0.41 14.25 0.36

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 0.005 trees per acre were estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
115

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-24—Number of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Diameter class (inches)

5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 123,490.7 4,925.1 86,556.6 3,597.0 63,305.6 2,703.2 44,124.2 1,993.0 34,670.8 1,602.5 26,564.2 1,348.5 19,768.5 1,109.4 12,381.0 822.4

Incense cedar 59,731.3 3,574.5 37,816.6 2,320.8 25,575.3 1,670.5 16,464.7 1,176.2 10,713.3 921.6 9,232.7 759.0 6,845.3 643.7 4,591.7 493.8

Lodgepole pine 15,419.7 3,324.3 9,139.3 1,560.8 6,881.1 1,127.2 4,636.4 720.6 4,274.4 651.1 2,192.3 389.9 2,228.5 397.4 1,597.5 313.4

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 99,400.2 5,008.6 77,494.0 4,158.3 55,975.6 2,951.8 41,949.9 2,166.4 30,817.9 1,616.4 22,881.3 1,326.4 17,098.8 1,023.8 12,146.2 837.9

Redwood 28,454.8 2,922.2 20,603.3 1,970.0 15,176.7 1,537.9 15,632.3 1,590.4 10,179.9 1,088.9 7,991.7 843.3 5,863.6 730.2 5,103.6 648.8

Sitka spruce 390.6 162.3 546.8 264.9 443.4 196.6 380.4 232.4 382.5 199.7 325.7 211.3 372.2 239.0 147.8 96.6

Sugar pine 11,007.5 1,072.8 8,404.8 797.5 5,699.9 590.9 4,439.0 448.7 2,825.0 357.8 2,704.3 360.4 2,450.0 326.2 2,257.8 321.9

True fir 131,742.7 5,711.8 92,264.7 4,099.9 71,233.2 3,298.9 48,703.3 2,378.9 40,454.0 2,051.8 27,903.8 1,543.1 22,503.2 1,340.4 16,385.0 1,031.2

Western hemlock 1,445.7 695.3 857.5 212.9 893.3 288.5 539.2 176.7 634.7 247.1 249.2 115.7 129.8 70.9 45.5 42.1

Western juniper 4,264.1 661.8 2,915.8 517.5 2,442.3 408.7 1,562.7 331.7 888.1 214.3 656.0 183.0 703.6 181.4 291.5 103.9

Western white pine 2,765.1 574.3 1,378.8 278.2 956.3 215.4 691.3 181.5 678.7 166.2 301.5 106.7 620.8 167.9 410.4 142.1

Other western softwoods 7,739.7 1,290.9 5,386.2 912.8 4,263.0 677.5 2,542.9 477.0 1,973.8 383.5 1,164.6 265.9 1,238.2 309.0 1,110.1 316.8

Total 485,852.2 11,393.0 343,364.4 7,959.7 252,845.7 5,833.9 181,666.4 4,371.8 138,493.2 3,425.0 102,167.2 2,723.3 79,822.6 2,334.6 56,468.0 1,841.0

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 2,415.2 1,135.9 959.0 367.0 679.8 254.6 225.5 92.9 280.5 113.9 386.0 161.0 — — 286.6 140.2

Oak 133,668.1 6,885.4 86,662.3 4,457.3 50,306.6 2,560.5 30,333.9 1,789.4 16,649.3 1,128.7 11,778.2 871.5 7,146.0 604.9 4,732.4 476.9Red alder 6,157.0 1,144.0 5,426.9 877.6 4,771.2 899.7 3,137.7 672.0 1,132.4 303.8 1,068.5 297.4 457.1 162.2 348.5 116.0Tanoak 117,365.5 6,920.7 66,860.7 4,060.9 40,386.7 2,711.1 25,122.4 1,831.5 14,272.5 1,189.0 7,979.5 805.0 4,918.9 611.8 3,783.7 438.7

Other western hardwoods 51,531.3 3,245.1 31,607.5 2,273.8 20,958.5 1,420.3 15,029.4 1,118.7 9,368.5 809.3 6,070.1 633.4 4,129.8 464.1 1,746.1 275.0

Total 311,137.1 10,670.6 191,516.4 6,610.6 117,102.9 4,172.9 73,848.9 3,041.6 41,703.3 1,950.8 27,282.2 1,428.8 16,651.9 1,002.3 10,897.3 734.4

All species groups 796,989.4 16,042.1 534,880.9 10,503.0 369,948.6 7,191.7 255,515.3 5,339.4 180,196.5 3,938.9 129,449.4 3,056.4 96,474.4 2,540.6 67,365.3 1,979.2
116

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-24—Number of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 10,059.2 739.9 7,859.6 517.8 6,191.9 297.2 4,363.3 230.0 3,891.5 211.6 3,140.6 185.0 2,697.3 170.3 2,242.9 156.0Incense cedar 3,317.3 435.8 2,627.9 299.5 2,215.7 173.7 1,589.5 134.5 1,140.1 104.8 877.3 92.2 829.7 84.7 635.6 79.8

Lodgepole pine 973.2 224.8 745.2 170.8 503.6 102.5 301.2 66.2 257.9 69.4 123.6 36.6 66.5 20.4 47.5 18.9Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 9,150.4 680.8 6,284.8 453.9 4,564.1 245.3 3,756.3 219.4 2,790.1 174.7 2,199.0 157.3 1,557.9 126.5 1,080.6 104.6Redwood 4,612.8 541.3 3,187.8 395.4 3,004.2 319.4 2,233.2 213.3 1,748.4 196.0 1,381.6 154.0 1,063.1 137.7 859.5 109.7

Sitka spruce 156.1 102.3 30.4 18.6 65.7 30.8 32.3 18.2 47.5 27.3 29.0 13.7 28.8 17.6 27.3 23.2

Sugar pine 1,609.3 255.2 1,574.0 209.1 1,321.2 110.8 1,131.7 111.0 913.8 87.5 731.6 81.9 675.5 76.6 544.5 67.5

True fir 11,643.6 810.0 8,457.9 586.3 6,634.3 379.7 5,364.5 316.1 3,939.5 257.3 3,234.5 223.2 2,141.9 170.1 1,833.3 154.0

Western hemlock 91.1 84.1 7.6 7.0 45.7 17.2 36.1 20.4 13.8 9.3 — — — — — —

Western juniper 221.0 104.5 309.4 106.2 85.4 25.1 52.7 22.4 38.5 21.5 32.2 14.2 13.4 9.2 10.4 8.1

Western white pine 319.8 121.1 217.1 69.3 161.6 46.8 154.5 42.6 149.8 35.9 91.1 26.4 62.7 24.2 83.1 27.0

Other western softwoods 416.9 156.9 475.9 124.1 294.7 80.9 326.9 83.6 147.1 46.1 116.8 44.6 137.2 37.7 127.6 36.5

Total 42,570.8 1,528.7 31,777.4 1,085.0 25,088.2 683.5 19,342.2 545.9 15,078.0 468.4 11,957.3 397.7 9,274.1 338.5 7,492.3 305.7

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 145.1 75.2 75.6 29.7 47.8 23.2 88.0 44.8 38.2 15.7 29.2 16.1 5.9 6.0 5.9 6.0

Oak 3,370.6 387.3 2,413.5 266.2 1,328.5 110.8 1,006.1 89.8 639.8 69.7 502.9 63.0 290.1 55.1 167.4 34.1

Red alder 46.5 42.3 77.3 54.8 18.5 10.8 16.8 10.5 20.6 11.4 9.9 8.0 — — — —

Tanoak 3,026.0 430.0 1,279.8 194.6 710.1 94.4 486.0 71.9 395.3 75.0 120.7 30.0 83.5 23.3 148.1 41.8

Other western hardwoods 1,719.3 283.2 1,064.5 173.8 658.5 77.1 362.2 52.2 341.8 54.7 249.2 55.6 138.4 33.2 151.3 40.2

Total 8,307.6 650.9 4,910.8 383.3 2,763.4 171.8 1,959.0 137.9 1,435.7 122.3 911.8 91.8 517.9 69.6 472.7 70.6

All species groups 50,878.4 1,656.9 36,688.2 1,150.7 27,851.6 706.0 21,301.2 566.1 16,513.7 484.9 12,869.1 409.1 9,792.0 348.3 7,965.1 316.1
117

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-24—Number of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 1,922.1 140.6 1,480.5 118.8 1,255.0 113.3 1,171.1 106.8 942.3 91.0 742.9 81.7 2,955.1 254.2 461,776.8 14,343.9

Incense cedar 492.9 64.4 318.9 50.7 308.3 50.4 259.8 41.0 140.6 31.4 90.5 24.9 497.0 76.2 186,312.0 9,237.7Lodgepole pine 42.4 16.4 23.8 12.1 15.8 12.6 15.7 12.6 23.6 12.0 — — — — 49,509.3 6,826.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 806.3 81.1 718.7 73.9 444.6 55.0 314.5 50.1 235.8 43.0 172.1 34.7 369.7 62.4 392,208.7 14,366.8

Redwood 629.3 104.8 582.3 93.5 376.8 64.9 300.4 60.1 179.6 43.0 148.4 34.2 756.5 134.1 130,069.8 9,460.3

Sitka spruce 7.7 7.0 10.6 8.5 23.2 15.7 24.4 12.6 — — — — 15.5 14.1 3,487.9 1,506.9

Sugar pine 363.6 49.4 219.9 38.6 297.3 45.4 188.6 36.5 163.7 31.9 130.6 30.5 518.1 69.6 50,171.7 2,920.5

True fir 1,313.5 125.6 1,200.5 127.8 708.8 89.4 643.1 79.9 484.1 68.5 368.0 55.5 791.8 115.0 499,949.3 18,510.6

Western hemlock — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4,989.5 1,441.2Western juniper 38.3 21.7 19.2 13.9 12.5 8.7 — — — — — — 24.9 19.5 14,581.7 1,881.0

Western white pine 71.9 22.6 33.7 16.6 24.0 12.1 43.3 16.5 12.4 8.7 11.9 8.6 44.5 18.4 9,284.1 1,297.3

Other western softwoods 68.4 25.5 44.9 16.7 16.9 10.3 24.7 12.3 10.9 8.2 — — 32.8 14.3 27,660.3 3,475.1

Total 5,756.5 254.5 4,653.1 225.1 3,483.1 187.3 2,985.5 172.6 2,192.9 139.8 1,664.3 120.6 6,005.8 359.7 1,830,001.2 31,437.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5,668.4 1,779.7

Oak 146.7 32.4 85.5 23.3 77.5 25.3 12.7 9.1 29.6 13.9 11.6 8.6 68.9 20.9 351,428.4 14,663.7

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 22,688.9 3,497.6Tanoak 34.6 14.9 12.7 9.1 35.7 19.4 10.6 8.5 21.3 16.9 16.8 10.6 6.3 6.2 287,077.5 15,505.3

Other western hardwoods 90.0 26.2 52.3 18.5 12.1 9.0 37.0 15.4 18.7 10.9 — — 57.4 19.3 145,394.0 7,615.1

Total 271.3 44.1 150.6 32.6 125.3 33.1 60.4 19.6 69.5 24.4 28.5 13.6 132.6 29.1 812,257.2 23,909.0

All species groups 6,027.8 260.1 4,803.6 227.5 3,608.5 190.6 3,045.9 174.0 2,262.4 142.0 1,692.7 121.3 6,138.4 361.3 2,642,258.4 40,260.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes live growing stock trees of commercial species that are ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; excludes trees that are classified as rough or rotten cull.
118

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-25—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet USDA Forest Service: National forest 39,131.5 933.0 2,631.2 190.6 41,762.6 926.4 11,478.6 683.2 1,305.4 148.5 12,784.0 693.9 54,546.7 932.6 Total 39,131.5 933.0 2,631.2 190.6 41,762.6 926.4 11,478.6 683.2 1,305.4 148.5 12,784.0 693.9 54,546.7 932.6 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 971.4 169.7 500.9 65.2 1,472.3 179.6 73.6 39.8 132.2 26.1 205.8 47.4 1,678.1 184.8 Departments of Defense or Energy 11.3 12.4 57.4 21.0 68.7 24.4 — — — — — — 68.7 24.4 National Park Service — — — — — — 6,015.7 616.6 539.0 103.4 6,554.7 610.6 6,554.7 610.6

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 7.2 8.8 0.2 0.2 7.3 8.8 7.3 8.8

Other federal — — 52.2 23.7 52.2 23.7 129.2 93.6 35.1 32.5 164.3 98.9 216.4 101.7

Total 982.7 170.1 610.4 71.7 1,593.1 181.7 6,225.7 622.7 706.4 110.7 6,932.2 616.3 8,525.2 632.4

State and local government:

Local 257.0 96.5 330.6 74.6 587.6 122.4 159.5 102.1 130.9 43.5 290.4 110.9 878.0 163.5

State 731.1 204.5 106.1 35.3 837.1 207.2 3,143.0 778.5 359.2 105.2 3,502.1 785.1 4,339.2 791.8

Other public — — 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.4 47.3 42.1 2.5 2.0 49.8 42.1 52.5 42.2

Total 988.1 224.8 439.4 82.4 1,427.4 239.0 3,349.8 785.9 492.5 113.7 3,842.3 793.3 5,269.8 807.8

Corporate private 13,266.6 566.7 505.7 69.6 13,772.2 569.4 — — — — — — 13,772.2 569.4

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or natural 

resource organizations 

872.6 148.6 47.5 16.5 920.2 149.5 — — — — — — 920.2 149.5

Unicorporated partnerships, associations, clubs 345.1 104.5 36.3 14.1 381.5 106.2 — — — — — — 381.5 106.2Native American 806.5 200.0 35.7 18.4 842.2 200.3 — — — — — — 842.2 200.3

Individual 11,151.3 612.4 4,366.2 205.8 15,517.5 626.8 — — — — — — 15,517.5 626.8

Total 13,175.6 652.8 4,485.8 207.2 17,661.4 665.2 — — — — — — 17,661.4 665.2

All private 26,442.1 732.9 4,991.5 214.2 31,433.6 728.3 — — — — — — 31,433.6 728.3

All owners 67,544.3 1,195.4 8,672.4 303.6 76,216.8 1,186.5 21,054.1 1,164.2 2,504.4 217.1 23,558.5 1,171.6 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
119

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-26—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 6,854.4 273.4 451.6 51.2 7,306.0 275.6 2,541.6 200.5 277.3 38.6 2,818.9 203.2 10,124.9 313.7

Total 6,854.4 273.4 451.6 51.2 7,306.0 275.6 2,541.6 200.5 277.3 38.6 2,818.9 203.2 10,124.9 313.7

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land Management 112.4 33.5 95.4 18.9 207.8 38.3 20.1 15.2 15.9 4.9 36.0 16.0 243.9 41.3Departments of Defense or Energy — — 4.2 3.1 4.2 3.1 — — — — — — 4.2 3.1

National Park Service — — — — — — 1,504.3 241.3 104.4 22.9 1,608.7 240.3 1,608.7 240.3Other federal — — 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.5 40.4 39.5 1.6 1.5 42.1 39.5 43.9 39.5

Total 112.4 33.5 101.5 19.2 213.9 38.5 1,564.8 243.9 122.0 23.4 1,686.8 242.9 1,900.7 244.2

State and local government:

Local 31.7 16.0 15.3 6.4 47.1 17.2 36.8 25.3 2.9 1.6 39.7 25.4 86.8 30.5

State 157.8 71.6 7.3 3.9 165.1 71.7 528.0 131.0 38.5 12.9 566.5 131.3 731.6 145.6

Other public — — — — — — 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.1

Total 189.5 73.3 22.6 7.5 212.2 73.7 566.1 133.2 41.6 13.0 607.6 133.6 819.8 148.5

Corporate private 3,270.9 471.9 30.1 6.9 3,301.1 471.9 — — — — — — 3,301.1 471.9

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

75.9 24.3 1.2 0.8 77.1 24.3 — — — — — — 77.1 24.3

Unicorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

35.0 14.6 3.9 3.3 38.9 15.0 — — — — — — 38.9 15.0

Native American 83.6 34.8 1.6 1.2 85.2 34.7 — — — — — — 85.2 34.7Individual 1,812.7 328.7 290.6 32.0 2,103.2 329.9 — — — — — — 2,103.2 329.9

Total 2,007.2 331.2 297.2 32.2 2,304.4 332.4 — — — — — — 2,304.4 332.4

All private 5,278.1 566.4 327.3 32.8 5,605.5 566.7 — — — — — — 5,605.5 566.7

All owners 12,434.5 633.0 903.0 64.1 13,337.6 634.4 4,672.5 337.0 440.8 46.9 5,113.3 338.0 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of 

missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
120

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-27—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Alameda 15.0 12.6 122.5 36.6 137.5 38.6 — — 25.1 15.7 25.1 15.7 162.7 41.7 Alpine 331.0 91.6 72.0 28.7 403.0 96.0 589.0 140.6 70.9 26.8 659.9 142.7 1,063.0 170.2 Amador 433.8 133.7 90.1 26.7 523.9 136.1 50.4 33.8 2.6 2.6 53.0 33.9 576.9 140.2 Butte 1,715.5 258.5 194.0 55.0 1,909.4 263.8 — — 19.5 14.4 19.5 14.4 1,928.9 264.2 Calaveras 900.1 179.7 205.1 41.8 1,105.2 183.7 67.7 69.0 — — 67.7 69.0 1,173.0 196.2 Colusa 107.9 50.2 73.9 18.5 181.8 53.4 — — 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 182.8 53.4 Contra Costa — — 41.8 18.7 41.8 18.7 0.6 0.7 23.9 16.0 24.6 16.0 66.4 24.5

Del Norte 2,312.9 298.7 52.6 29.3 2,365.5 299.7 1,436.7 690.0 0.9 1.1 1,437.6 690.0 3,803.0 743.5

El Dorado 2,908.7 326.4 201.8 56.0 3,110.5 329.5 257.4 140.8 40.0 19.1 297.3 142.1 3,407.8 352.7

Fresno 1,420.1 238.3 232.1 44.2 1,652.2 242.2 2,025.2 303.2 309.9 74.2 2,335.1 309.9 3,987.3 374.6Glenn 384.5 125.6 137.1 48.0 521.7 133.9 6.4 6.8 — — 6.4 6.8 528.1 134.0

Humboldt 7,693.5 547.2 328.1 103.9 8,021.6 553.0 2,415.3 568.8 — — 2,415.3 568.8 10,437.0 743.7

Imperial — — 4.8 2.2 4.8 2.2 — — 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.4 10.1 5.9

Inyo 39.3 26.8 127.9 27.0 167.3 37.6 16.3 11.5 176.9 31.7 193.2 33.7 360.5 48.5

Kern 315.5 74.1 360.3 57.1 675.8 93.5 — — 51.2 21.8 51.2 21.8 727.0 95.6

Lake 606.0 127.7 101.4 28.6 707.4 130.6 31.3 24.0 15.5 12.4 46.8 27.0 754.3 133.3

Lassen 1,854.3 185.9 170.8 26.5 2,025.1 187.5 154.3 69.5 — — 154.3 69.5 2,179.4 199.0

Los Angeles 92.3 37.8 99.3 27.8 191.6 46.6 7.4 6.6 13.7 6.7 21.0 9.4 212.6 47.4

Madera 1,338.0 249.9 206.6 39.3 1,544.6 252.5 948.4 230.4 40.4 23.1 988.8 231.4 2,533.5 336.9

Marin 182.7 113.4 39.8 16.3 222.5 114.5 176.1 108.7 18.4 11.8 194.5 109.2 417.0 158.2

Mariposa 449.6 131.0 234.1 53.1 683.6 140.9 1,160.3 226.8 39.1 20.6 1,199.3 226.7 1,883.0 266.9

Mendocino 5,622.5 448.6 769.8 119.2 6,392.2 460.0 170.6 86.7 164.3 97.6 334.8 130.4 6,727.1 476.5

Merced — — 19.3 12.5 19.3 12.5 — — 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 21.5 12.7Modoc 1,154.0 137.7 227.9 32.0 1,381.9 141.0 134.8 71.5 8.1 6.5 142.9 71.8 1,524.8 157.3

Mono 398.2 81.4 499.8 82.0 898.0 113.4 42.1 22.1 73.3 28.8 115.5 36.2 1,013.5 118.0Monterey 203.9 117.9 365.1 67.5 569.0 135.6 238.3 173.2 154.1 76.0 392.4 192.8 961.4 235.4

Napa 238.4 83.6 178.7 53.1 417.1 95.6 — — 8.6 7.5 8.6 7.5 425.7 95.9

Nevada 1,295.6 208.2 50.5 17.6 1,346.1 208.8 8.0 8.1 4.1 3.7 12.1 8.9 1,358.1 209.2

Orange — — 4.7 2.9 4.7 2.9 — — 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.2 6.3 3.1

Placer 1,979.6 285.4 255.3 67.3 2,235.0 292.5 98.9 45.3 4.2 3.3 103.1 45.4 2,338.1 295.7

Plumas 5,022.4 389.6 34.4 13.9 5,056.8 390.0 246.5 116.7 — — 246.5 116.7 5,303.3 402.2
121

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Riverside 61.3 34.9 13.6 6.9 74.9 35.5 41.4 23.6 2.4 1.2 43.8 23.6 118.7 42.6

Sacramento — — 5.5 5.0 5.5 5.0 — — — — — — 5.5 5.0

San Benito 35.4 28.7 83.2 21.5 118.6 35.8 — — — — — — 118.6 35.8

San Bernardino 240.0 73.5 134.8 33.3 374.8 80.2 94.1 42.5 46.7 20.8 140.8 47.2 515.6 91.7San Diego 3.3 2.6 65.0 19.7 68.4 19.8 23.9 24.0 11.3 7.3 35.3 25.1 103.6 32.0

San Joaquin 79.4 49.0 1.8 1.3 81.2 49.0 — — — — — — 81.2 49.0

San Luis Obispo 9.9 8.8 343.1 58.9 353.0 59.4 — — 54.3 37.2 54.3 37.2 407.3 69.7San Mateo 275.1 124.2 39.1 21.5 314.2 126.1 159.5 102.1 14.0 14.2 173.5 103.1 487.7 173.8

Santa Barbara 29.0 19.5 167.0 37.5 196.0 43.1 20.4 14.1 45.1 21.3 65.5 25.4 261.5 50.0

Santa Clara 121.5 67.2 242.0 46.5 363.5 79.6 — — 83.8 26.8 83.8 26.8 447.3 84.2

Santa Cruz 932.9 198.9 14.4 9.9 947.2 199.1 490.2 202.9 27.4 27.9 517.6 204.6 1,464.8 285.4

Shasta 4,110.1 340.4 407.3 60.8 4,517.3 343.6 532.3 122.7 82.0 37.3 614.4 128.4 5,131.7 361.9

Sierra 1,898.7 279.9 — — 1,898.7 279.9 7.0 7.1 — — 7.0 7.1 1,905.7 280.0Siskiyou 8,289.8 516.6 292.1 67.6 8,581.8 519.4 1,852.2 305.2 25.3 16.9 1,877.6 306.1 10,459.4 569.5

Solano — — 24.9 15.4 24.9 15.4 — — — — — — 24.9 15.4

Sonoma 1,641.9 314.4 181.9 43.1 1,823.8 316.3 207.8 134.9 49.4 25.0 257.2 137.2 2,080.9 344.4

Stanislaus — — 50.0 13.8 50.0 13.8 — — 9.4 7.4 9.4 7.4 59.4 15.7

Sutter — — 15.0 7.6 15.0 7.6 — — — — — — 15.0 7.6Tehama 1,762.7 263.2 259.8 37.5 2,022.5 265.4 231.8 95.7 25.9 13.2 257.7 96.6 2,280.2 280.2

Trinity 5,651.8 471.5 199.1 52.9 5,850.9 473.1 2,326.7 296.1 101.4 44.9 2,428.0 298.9 8,278.9 527.6

Tulare 689.1 153.0 185.6 38.3 874.7 157.3 2,938.3 375.1 543.1 107.2 3,481.3 384.8 4,356.1 407.6

Tuolumne 2,033.9 284.9 229.2 65.1 2,263.1 291.0 1,797.8 289.4 68.1 45.2 1,865.9 291.6 4,129.1 410.2

Ventura 5.3 4.0 91.8 23.1 97.1 23.4 48.4 27.7 27.7 13.7 76.2 30.9 173.3 38.2

Yolo — — 50.8 18.4 50.8 18.4 — — — — — — 50.8 18.4

Yuba 657.8 184.8 73.8 30.9 731.6 187.6 — — 12.4 9.4 12.4 9.4 744.0 187.8

 All counties 67,544.3 1,195.4 8,672.4 303.6 76,216.8 1,186.5 21,054.1 1,164.2 2,504.4 217.1 23,558.5 1,171.6 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.Table A2-27—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
122

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-28—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Alameda — — 10.1 5.4 10.1 5.4 — — — — — — 10.1 5.4 Alpine 88.8 33.6 7.7 4.8 96.5 33.9 123.8 32.3 9.1 4.2 132.9 32.5 229.4 46.7 Amador 78.8 35.5 1.3 0.7 80.1 35.5 19.0 12.5 — — 19.0 12.5 99.1 37.5 Butte 173.0 40.6 14.9 6.5 187.9 41.1 — — 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 188.8 41.1 Calaveras 102.2 33.8 14.8 5.0 117.0 34.1 1.3 1.3 — — 1.3 1.3 118.3 34.2 Colusa 12.3 6.4 10.3 4.3 22.6 7.7 — — — — — — 22.6 7.7 Contra Costa — — 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 — — 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.0

Del Norte 664.2 153.9 13.4 7.1 677.6 154.1 206.3 95.8 0.4 0.5 206.7 95.8 884.3 180.5

El Dorado 432.4 64.8 9.0 4.4 441.4 64.8 87.9 48.9 15.7 9.1 103.6 49.8 545.0 79.8

Fresno 203.8 46.7 33.7 19.8 237.5 50.6 305.7 51.5 52.8 14.7 358.5 53.2 596.0 71.3

Glenn 63.0 24.3 8.9 4.5 71.9 24.7 4.3 4.5 — — 4.3 4.5 76.2 25.0

Humboldt 2,900.7 536.8 18.8 7.1 2,919.4 536.8 606.7 220.3 — — 606.7 220.3 3,526.1 577.1

Imperial — — 4.6 3.5 4.6 3.5 — — 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 4.9 3.6

Inyo 10.8 6.3 30.8 8.8 41.6 10.8 9.2 9.1 41.1 12.5 50.4 15.5 91.9 18.6Kern 73.5 27.4 32.7 10.4 106.1 29.2 — — 13.9 7.4 13.9 7.4 120.1 30.1

Lake 79.4 27.5 12.7 5.3 92.1 27.9 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.8 1.3 0.8 93.5 27.9

Lassen 239.9 39.7 41.7 14.0 281.6 42.0 41.7 24.7 — — 41.7 24.7 323.4 48.7

Los Angeles 28.1 16.3 3.7 1.5 31.8 16.4 2.1 2.0 4.0 2.5 6.1 3.2 37.9 16.7Madera 196.2 62.1 11.0 4.6 207.2 62.2 222.8 68.6 11.4 7.8 234.2 69.0 441.4 92.2

Marin 43.6 28.9 1.5 0.8 45.1 28.9 15.2 10.6 — — 15.2 10.6 60.2 30.8

Mariposa 55.5 16.7 9.0 3.2 64.6 17.0 336.9 77.2 16.3 9.7 353.3 77.3 417.8 79.1

Mendocino 1,091.6 161.9 36.3 12.0 1,127.9 162.3 41.2 30.8 10.5 5.5 51.6 31.3 1,179.5 165.2

Modoc 182.5 37.2 15.1 4.0 197.7 37.4 37.3 23.9 1.7 1.7 39.0 24.0 236.6 44.2

Mono 47.5 16.1 123.4 27.8 170.9 31.7 14.2 13.5 8.4 4.8 22.6 14.4 193.5 34.8

Monterey 13.9 9.0 18.1 5.7 32.0 10.7 1.5 1.0 30.9 17.5 32.4 17.5 64.4 20.5

Napa 14.3 6.9 5.4 2.3 19.7 7.3 — — 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 20.1 7.3

Nevada 158.1 38.0 1.5 1.3 159.6 38.0 — — 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 160.1 38.0

Orange — — 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 — — — — — — 1.4 1.3

Placer 303.0 54.8 21.9 10.3 324.9 55.7 23.9 12.8 0.9 0.8 24.8 12.8 349.7 57.0

Plumas 1,012.4 120.1 11.8 6.3 1,024.2 120.6 54.0 30.6 — — 54.0 30.6 1,078.1 123.6
123

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Riverside 1.3 1.2 14.8 10.7 16.1 10.7 13.3 12.3 1.4 1.2 14.7 12.3 30.8 16.3

San Benito — — 7.2 3.7 7.2 3.7 — — — — — — 7.2 3.7

San Bernardino 82.6 28.5 39.4 13.9 122.0 31.7 44.4 25.4 37.2 15.8 81.6 29.8 203.6 43.0

San Diego 9.4 8.3 14.7 5.8 24.1 10.1 26.6 21.7 18.7 11.1 45.3 24.3 69.4 26.3

San Luis Obispo — — 12.5 5.0 12.5 5.0 — — 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 13.7 5.1San Mateo 39.7 28.1 — — 39.7 28.1 36.8 25.3 0.9 0.9 37.7 25.3 77.4 37.3

Santa Barbara 1.7 1.6 16.1 5.4 17.8 5.8 5.7 5.6 1.5 0.9 7.2 5.7 25.0 8.1

Santa Clara 14.4 11.9 17.7 7.3 32.1 14.0 — — 4.6 2.5 4.6 2.5 36.6 14.2

Santa Cruz 119.4 48.1 — — 119.4 48.1 32.3 16.6 — — 32.3 16.6 151.7 50.9

Shasta 359.7 45.0 31.9 8.1 391.5 45.6 77.9 26.5 4.9 3.9 82.8 26.7 474.3 52.6

Sierra 350.3 62.3 9.7 9.3 360.0 63.0 — — — — — — 360.0 63.0

Siskiyou 1,431.9 156.9 56.9 23.2 1,488.8 158.3 463.4 93.7 6.9 3.9 470.3 93.8 1,959.1 178.4

Solano — — 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 — — — — — — 0.8 0.7Sonoma 131.2 31.1 3.1 1.4 134.4 31.2 59.8 40.9 4.6 4.3 64.5 41.1 198.9 51.6

Stanislaus — — 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.9 — — 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 2.9 2.0Tehama 298.6 58.0 38.2 18.4 336.8 60.7 32.6 17.4 6.0 4.3 38.7 17.9 375.4 62.9

Trinity 776.8 88.4 39.4 14.1 816.2 89.3 582.6 100.5 3.9 2.1 586.5 100.5 1,402.7 129.4

Tulare 183.0 57.9 37.1 14.6 220.1 59.7 618.9 93.8 115.3 26.5 734.2 96.5 954.2 112.1Tuolumne 324.5 66.1 18.1 5.9 342.6 66.2 495.9 114.3 6.9 5.2 502.8 114.3 845.4 132.0

Ventura — — 10.5 4.0 10.5 4.0 26.6 23.5 5.4 5.1 32.0 24.0 42.5 24.3

Yolo — — 3.8 2.8 3.8 2.8 — — — — — — 3.8 2.8Yuba 40.4 18.5 3.2 1.6 43.6 18.6 — — — — — — 43.6 18.6

All counties 12,434.5 633.0 903.0 64.1 13,337.6 634.4 4,672.5 337.0 440.8 46.9 5,113.3 338.0 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds Table A2-28—Gross volume of dead trees

an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.

a on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
124

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-29—Net cubic volume of live treesa on forest land, by county and broad species group, California, 

2001–2010

Broad species group

Softwood species Hardwood species All species 

County Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Alameda 0.1 0.1 162.6 41.7 162.7 41.7

Alpine 1,051.4 169.7 11.6 7.9 1,063.0 170.2

Amador 417.5 130.3 159.4 40.2 576.9 140.2

Butte 1,344.8 216.4 584.1 97.6 1,928.9 264.2

Calaveras 892.7 182.0 280.3 50.1 1,173.0 196.2

Colusa 83.5 32.6 99.3 28.9 182.8 53.4

Contra Costa 1.7 1.4 64.7 24.3 66.4 24.5

Del Norte 3,172.9 721.2 630.1 106.1 3,803.0 743.5

El Dorado 3,048.4 337.0 359.4 57.6 3,407.8 352.7

Fresno 3,725.8 371.7 261.5 37.0 3,987.3 374.6

Glenn 367.3 115.8 160.8 46.8 528.1 134.0

Humboldt 7,700.9 674.7 2,736.1 214.6 10,437.0 743.7

Imperial — — 10.1 5.9 10.1 5.9

Inyo 337.1 47.0 23.4 6.7 360.5 48.5

Kern 432.4 76.5 294.6 48.2 727.0 95.6

Lake 506.2 106.8 248.0 42.4 754.3 133.3

Lassen 2,137.1 198.2 42.3 9.0 2,179.4 199.0

Los Angeles 108.7 32.4 104.0 28.0 212.6 47.4

Madera 2,284.6 330.6 248.8 40.6 2,533.5 336.9

Marin 276.3 135.2 140.8 45.3 417.0 158.2

Mariposa 1,542.1 250.8 340.9 60.5 1,883.0 266.9

Mendocino 4,293.8 385.2 2,433.2 187.8 6,727.1 476.5

Merced — — 21.5 12.7 21.5 12.7

Modoc 1,493.9 155.4 30.9 9.5 1,524.8 157.3

Mono 959.5 115.2 53.9 16.4 1,013.5 118.0

Monterey 514.0 205.3 447.4 66.0 961.4 235.4

Napa 200.6 61.3 225.0 54.2 425.7 95.9

Nevada 1,149.8 193.2 208.3 46.1 1,358.1 209.2
125

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Broad species group

Softwood species Hardwood species All species 

County Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Orange — — 6.3 3.1 6.3 3.1

Placer 1,934.8 275.9 403.3 73.5 2,338.1 295.7

Plumas 5,107.7 392.3 195.7 42.9 5,303.3 402.2

Riverside 90.7 34.9 28.0 14.0 118.7 42.6

Sacramento — — 5.5 5.0 5.5 5.0

San Benito 21.4 8.0 97.2 29.9 118.6 35.8

San Bernardino 404.3 80.1 111.4 26.0 515.6 91.7

San Diego 13.6 7.1 90.1 27.2 103.6 32.0

San Joaquin 0.1 0.1 81.1 49.0 81.2 49.0

San Luis Obispo 17.9 6.5 389.4 67.6 407.3 69.7

San Mateo 336.2 147.9 151.5 46.2 487.7 173.8

Santa Barbara 50.3 19.2 211.2 43.0 261.5 50.0

Santa Clara 82.4 46.7 364.9 57.7 447.3 84.2

Santa Cruz 1,053.2 228.5 411.6 97.2 1,464.8 285.4

Shasta 4,103.8 325.4 1,027.9 94.7 5,131.7 361.9

Sierra 1,828.4 272.5 77.3 25.0 1,905.7 280.0

Siskiyou 9,522.4 537.5 937.0 90.5 10,459.4 569.5

Solano — — 24.9 15.4 24.9 15.4

Sonoma 1,378.7 292.5 702.2 84.5 2,080.9 344.4

Stanislaus 10.9 5.1 48.6 13.2 59.4 15.7

Sutter — — 15.0 7.6 15.0 7.6

Tehama 1,860.2 264.6 419.9 53.5 2,280.2 280.2

Trinity 7,068.4 479.2 1,210.5 102.3 8,278.9 527.6

Tulare 3,977.5 397.6 378.5 67.9 4,356.1 407.6

Tuolumne 3,794.3 395.3 334.8 58.1 4,129.1 410.2

Ventura 114.9 31.3 58.5 18.2 173.3 38.2

Yolo 18.9 11.6 31.9 10.3 50.8 18.4

Yuba 555.6 169.8 188.4 44.0 744.0 187.8

 

All counties 81,389.8 1,394.2 18,385.5 401.3 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a

 Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.

Table A2-29—Net cubic volume of live treesa on forest land, by county and broad species group, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)
126

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-30—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, California, 

2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 36,989.8 1,020.5 203.8 45.0 134.1 25.8 37,327.7 1,018.9

Douglas-fir 6,117.2 503.9 105.3 37.9 79.5 29.9 6,302.0 504.7

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 11,305.8 728.5 22.9 11.7 48.0 14.4 11,376.7 728.9

Lodgepole pine 3,591.1 324.1 76.7 35.0 6.1 3.4 3,673.9 326.0

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 889.0 68.7 23.1 7.4 10.1 3.5 922.3 68.3

Ponderosa pine 5,023.7 325.3 87.0 18.7 24.4 8.6 5,135.0 325.5

Redwood 8,030.8 986.2 20.8 11.7 14.2 7.4 8,065.8 986.1

Western juniper 728.9 71.7 24.8 7.7 9.5 4.5 763.2 72.0

Western white pine 377.1 92.4 1.6 1.5 15.6 9.5 394.3 92.9

Other western softwoods 999.1 176.6 26.9 11.0 9.0 3.5 1,035.0 177.2

Total 74,052.6 1,500.4 592.8 74.4 350.4 44.8 74,995.8 1,493.7

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 817.2 166.3 181.6 60.5 17.0 10.6 1,015.8 176.8

Aspen/birch 39.9 25.3 22.8 13.4 11.3 6.0 74.0 29.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood 121.6 53.7 0.5 0.4 2.6 2.4 124.8 53.8

Tanoak/laurel 7,250.6 529.1 1,170.5 151.4 136.9 35.6 8,558.0 539.0

Western oak 9,588.4 401.6 3,485.0 191.1 339.5 38.7 13,412.9 428.4

Woodland hardwoods 233.9 36.7 23.3 9.2 2.5 1.7 259.7 37.9

Other hardwoods 1,028.0 208.3 191.5 54.7 33.0 8.5 1,252.5 215.2

Total 19,079.5 685.5 5,075.2 252.8 542.9 54.6 24,697.7 694.8

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 81.8 15.4

 

All forest types 93,132.1 1,485.5 5,668.0 261.9 893.4 70.1 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
127

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-31—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 5,770.1 240.2 63.1 22.7 118.7 37.8 5,952.0 242.9

Douglas-fir 1,045.5 178.9 7.4 4.7 92.8 39.4 1,145.7 182.6

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 2,331.4 190.4 21.1 16.6 192.9 103.5 2,545.4 216.1

Lodgepole pine 582.2 67.0 29.2 21.5 0.6 0.7 611.9 70.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 120.4 14.6 22.9 11.8 10.3 5.2 153.5 19.2

Ponderosa pine 298.8 34.3 9.3 4.4 19.7 11.0 327.8 36.2

Redwood 2,787.4 527.7 53.4 31.3 34.5 20.6 2,875.3 531.6

Western juniper 111.0 24.3 1.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 112.6 24.4

Western white pine 99.3 27.2 0.5 0.5 5.4 3.7 105.2 27.5

Other western softwoods 432.4 211.2 6.4 3.6 20.5 16.1 459.3 211.8

Total 13,578.5 655.8 214.6 49.2 495.7 120.5 14,288.7 666.3

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 234.2 100.1 83.9 47.7 10.4 6.6 328.5 111.1

Aspen/birch 5.1 4.0 4.2 2.7 0.6 0.5 9.9 4.9

Elm/ash/cottonwood 2.1 1.6 — — 1.4 1.3 3.5 2.1

Tanoak/laurel 894.4 99.6 143.9 35.5 267.4 127.0 1,305.7 163.6

Western oak 890.9 70.1 314.0 35.4 373.0 107.1 1,577.9 131.7

Woodland hardwoods 91.3 18.4 25.5 13.8 — — 116.7 23.0

Other hardwoods 108.1 29.7 16.4 5.9 37.7 24.3 162.3 38.9

Total 2,226.1 159.2 587.9 70.6 690.5 167.8 3,504.5 238.8

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 657.7 132.6

 

All forest types 15,804.5 664.1 802.5 85.7 1,186.2 206.2 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct 

volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
128

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-32—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: California mixed conifer 27,455.0 874.4 2,666.1 343.5 487.5 160.7 4,501.5 329.3 2,217.6 240.5 6,719.1 379.8 37,327.7 1,018.9 Douglas-fir 2,573.3 331.8 245.6 112.8 403.0 155.1 1,476.6 223.1 1,603.5 262.2 3,080.1 333.8 6,302.0 504.7 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 8,927.0 654.3 1,321.6 266.3 87.0 58.9 817.1 154.0 224.0 76.9 1,041.2 169.7 11,376.7 728.9 Lodgepole pine 2,387.5 255.7 1,041.0 189.3 32.7 23.8 82.1 41.2 130.6 55.3 212.7 68.6 3,673.9 326.0

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 544.3 54.7 298.1 36.1 31.8 14.3 8.3 5.1 39.8 10.7 48.1 11.8 922.3 68.3

Ponderosa pine 3,292.0 271.5 176.4 52.6 19.0 10.3 628.1 103.7 1,019.4 140.9 1,647.6 171.2 5,135.0 325.5Redwood 284.9 186.7 1,099.0 465.4 2,096.0 748.2 2,223.1 339.1 2,362.7 414.2 4,585.9 516.5 8,065.8 986.1

Western juniper 483.4 61.2 131.1 23.2 23.2 23.0 9.7 4.3 115.8 19.0 125.5 19.4 763.2 72.0

Western white pine 353.5 89.6 40.8 24.2 — — — — — — — — 394.3 92.9

Other western softwoods 331.2 67.8 205.9 64.4 27.0 25.7 214.5 90.4 256.2 117.9 470.8 148.3 1,035.0 177.2

Total 46,632.1 980.9 7,225.7 626.1 3,207.1 769.8 9,961.2 529.4 7,969.7 568.8 17,930.9 710.7 74,995.8 1,493.7

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 168.3 62.8 139.3 66.2 129.4 70.9 336.3 108.0 242.7 81.0 578.9 134.6 1,015.8 176.8

Aspen/birch 49.3 26.3 2.6 2.4 1.5 1.5 8.8 9.4 11.8 8.4 20.6 12.6 74.0 29.3Elm/ash/cottonwood 12.6 13.3 — — 20.7 15.9 — — 91.4 49.6 91.4 49.6 124.8 53.8

Tanoak/laurel 2,415.2 311.0 222.8 84.8 929.8 216.4 1,940.9 230.0 3,049.3 332.3 4,990.2 384.5 8,558.0 539.0

Western oak 4,671.7 286.5 859.7 129.3 695.1 95.4 1,371.7 143.8 5,814.7 254.3 7,186.4 283.9 13,412.9 428.4

Woodland hardwoods 170.2 32.8 40.5 11.1 19.5 11.1 1.7 1.5 27.8 10.4 29.5 10.5 259.7 37.9

Other hardwoods 367.8 125.3 26.9 26.3 266.7 118.0 140.7 55.9 450.3 99.8 591.0 114.0 1,252.5 215.2

Total 7,855.0 431.3 1,291.8 168.8 2,062.7 272.1 3,800.2 290.0 9,688.0 420.6 13,488.1 470.2 24,697.7 694.8

Nonstocked 59.5 13.7 7.7 5.2 — — 10.8 4.2 3.7 2.2 14.5 4.7 81.8 15.4

All forest types 54,546.7 932.6 8,525.2 632.4 5,269.8 807.8 13,772.2 569.4 17,661.4 665.2 31,433.6 728.3 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
129

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-33—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government

Private

Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 4,608.0 211.6 619.2 94.5 87.0 46.7 442.3 46.5 195.4 36.6 637.8 57.7 5,952.0 242.9

Douglas-fir 414.0 69.1 25.1 15.9 88.0 49.9 418.8 153.0 199.9 52.6 618.6 160.9 1,145.7 182.6

Fir/spruce mountain hemlock 1,955.8 184.1 393.7 103.4 31.9 23.5 109.8 31.2 54.2 25.4 164.0 39.6 2,545.4 216.1

Lodgepole pine 366.9 50.1 180.3 42.3 6.2 5.0 22.0 13.2 36.5 21.4 58.5 25.1 611.9 70.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 75.6 11.2 59.6 14.2 4.3 2.3 0.4 0.5 13.6 6.1 14.1 6.1 153.5 19.2

Ponderosa pine 227.8 31.5 18.3 9.9 3.4 3.4 42.2 11.3 36.1 9.3 78.3 14.5 327.8 36.2

Redwood 1.6 1.1 304.0 199.7 276.9 89.9 1,272.8 375.6 1,020.0 320.0 2,292.8 489.3 2,875.3 531.6

Western juniper 67.2 15.9 11.9 4.5 16.5 16.8 0.8 0.7 16.1 6.0 16.9 6.1 112.6 24.4

Western white pine 94.1 26.6 10.4 6.9 — — 0.7 0.7 — — 0.7 0.7 105.2 27.5Other western softwoods 106.8 28.7 42.5 15.6 3.2 2.1 260.4 207.2 46.3 30.6 306.7 209.3 459.3 211.8

Total 7,917.7 267.6 1,665.2 243.0 517.4 115.0 2,570.3 455.0 1,618.1 328.8 4,188.4 555.0 14,288.7 666.3

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 89.3 43.1 16.2 9.6 91.4 87.9 115.2 50.9 16.4 9.2 131.6 51.7 328.5 111.1

Aspen/birch 7.5 4.3 — — 2.3 2.3 — — 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 9.9 4.9Elm/ash/cottonwood 1.5 1.6 — — 0.3 0.3 — — 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.3 3.5 2.1

Tanoak/laurel 436.6 87.6 67.6 31.7 103.0 28.5 449.4 126.0 249.1 43.2 698.6 132.0 1,305.7 163.6

Western oak 909.7 120.2 104.5 25.6 52.0 15.0 132.5 24.9 379.1 38.1 511.7 45.2 1,577.9 131.7

Woodland hardwoods 88.0 21.4 17.6 6.9 5.1 3.6 0.8 0.7 5.2 3.2 6.0 3.3 116.7 23.0Other hardwoods 80.5 31.9 10.2 8.5 28.0 17.3 11.8 5.3 31.8 10.0 43.6 11.3 162.3 38.9

Total 1,613.2 157.4 216.1 43.0 282.0 95.2 709.8 137.2 683.5 58.6 1,393.2 147.2 3,504.5 238.8

Nonstocked 594.0 129.7 19.4 10.2 20.4 20.8 21.0 14.3 2.8 1.4 23.9 14.4 657.7 132.6

All forest types 10,124.9 313.7 1,900.7 244.2 819.8 148.5 3,301.1 471.9 2,304.4 332.4 5,605.5 566.7 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
130

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-34—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 13,718.2 564.1 873.3 166.6 930.4 165.2 3,443.9 230.3 3,671.3 286.2 7,115.2 342.0 22,637.2 681.9 Incense cedar 2,692.0 162.3 231.3 50.2 59.6 24.0 643.2 68.3 466.8 67.9 1,110.0 93.3 4,092.9 194.9 Lodgepole pine 2,452.7 213.1 987.2 150.1 23.3 14.8 109.4 42.7 133.1 53.3 242.5 67.4 3,705.7 269.7 Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 8,749.0 333.8 891.6 114.5 185.6 64.9 1,518.7 122.7 1,744.0 149.6 3,262.7 181.6 13,088.8 400.5 Redwood 293.4 175.2 889.9 364.5 2,102.4 664.0 2,480.7 267.5 2,339.4 322.3 4,820.1 393.7 8,105.7 828.1

Sitka spruce — — 21.6 14.5 58.6 56.5 115.6 49.2 73.1 42.6 188.7 65.0 269.0 87.3Sugar pine 2,776.8 167.9 422.5 131.2 72.0 31.9 550.7 59.6 189.5 36.0 740.1 67.2 4,011.4 225.4

True fir 15,389.5 662.0 2,096.6 266.9 189.9 63.3 1,932.6 174.1 797.8 109.5 2,730.4 196.4 20,406.3 741.9

Western hemlock 5.9 4.0 27.9 15.3 73.9 48.1 90.0 41.7 26.0 11.7 116.0 43.3 223.7 66.0

Western juniper 307.2 27.6 107.1 15.1 3.2 2.7 8.3 2.7 104.4 14.3 112.7 14.6 530.2 34.7

Western white pine 770.0 80.2 195.1 40.5 4.1 3.7 13.9 6.0 5.4 3.4 19.4 6.8 988.6 90.1

Woodland softwoods 490.8 43.8 301.7 34.9 24.4 11.3 8.1 4.8 38.7 9.5 46.8 10.7 863.6 57.8

Other western softwoods 1,207.5 128.7 550.2 109.5 92.4 31.0 95.9 24.3 520.7 69.2 616.6 73.1 2,466.5 186.6

Total 48,852.9 909.6 7,596.1 612.5 3,819.7 770.3 11,011.0 502.5 10,110.1 541.9 21,121.0 645.5 81,389.8 1,394.2

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 65.1 21.7 3.0 2.2 41.8 21.4 7.0 4.9 77.9 37.7 85.0 38.0 194.9 48.8

Oak 3,739.7 172.4 587.3 75.4 591.5 72.4 1,065.9 89.7 4,787.6 176.6 5,853.4 190.0 10,771.9 271.1

Red alder 44.8 14.3 76.3 33.9 48.4 29.4 275.7 64.2 54.5 18.5 330.2 66.7 499.8 81.2

Tanoak 734.2 88.4 72.8 21.6 391.1 85.7 961.1 104.5 1,272.6 135.5 2,233.6 160.8 3,431.7 200.5Woodland hardwoods 101.6 14.7 41.2 9.4 11.0 7.9 3.6 1.8 10.5 4.6 14.1 4.9 167.9 19.8

Other western hardwoods 1,008.4 88.0 148.4 37.7 366.3 63.3 447.9 54.1 1,348.3 97.6 1,796.2 107.4 3,319.3 154.7

Total 5,693.8 230.4 929.1 102.9 1,450.0 160.4 2,761.2 175.2 7,551.3 271.0 10,312.6 291.6 18,385.5 401.3

All species groups 54,546.7 932.6 8,525.2 632.4 5,269.8 807.8 13,772.2 569.4 17,661.4 665.2 31,433.6 728.3 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
131

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-35—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government

Private

Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 2,404.2 175.4 140.1 35.3 87.3 21.4 383.8 47.0 332.1 52.5 715.9 68.7 3,347.6 191.7

Incense cedar 343.9 31.5 49.7 13.0 6.5 3.1 87.8 15.5 54.0 10.9 141.8 18.6 541.9 39.1

Lodgepole pine 424.8 56.6 216.6 45.8 5.5 5.0 16.0 9.6 14.1 6.2 30.2 11.2 677.1 73.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,006.4 77.4 118.5 28.8 13.3 7.3 101.7 16.4 83.3 15.3 185.0 22.2 1,323.2 85.8

Redwood 34.6 33.3 278.3 198.6 437.9 128.3 2,159.2 459.9 1,115.7 319.7 3,274.8 554.2 4,025.6 599.6

Sitka spruce — — — — — — 1.3 0.9 5.6 4.0 6.9 4.1 6.9 4.1Sugar pine 588.3 66.4 119.1 32.1 7.6 4.4 33.1 10.4 31.7 15.9 64.8 19.0 779.8 76.3True fir 3,990.8 214.9 662.9 107.4 74.8 30.4 265.6 36.9 137.9 36.9 403.5 50.7 5,132.0 247.2

Western hemlock — — 8.5 5.0 13.8 9.4 0.9 0.8 — — 0.9 0.8 23.1 10.5

Western juniper 20.9 4.7 5.4 2.2 — — 0.1 0.1 2.8 1.2 2.9 1.2 29.3 5.3

Western white pine 145.8 23.9 28.8 10.3 — — — — 3.1 2.1 3.1 2.1 177.7 26.1

Woodland softwoods 80.1 13.9 68.8 16.5 3.0 1.9 0.4 0.5 12.5 5.0 13.0 5.1 164.9 22.2

Other western softwoods 287.6 39.7 87.0 20.0 67.3 46.4 5.0 1.8 70.6 18.6 75.6 18.7 517.5 66.9

Total 9,327.5 307.8 1,783.8 242.6 716.9 144.8 3,055.0 469.2 1,863.5 328.5 4,918.5 563.8 16,746.7 694.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 15.2 6.4 0.5 0.5 2.7 2.5 — — 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 18.6 6.9

Oak 445.6 36.9 55.6 11.7 35.6 9.2 92.9 17.3 248.4 23.1 341.2 28.7 877.9 48.9

Red alder 3.0 1.8 7.1 3.4 3.3 1.8 20.5 6.1 8.5 4.2 29.0 7.4 42.4 8.5

Tanoak 90.7 20.6 18.3 10.1 31.8 15.7 80.8 22.8 67.7 13.7 148.5 26.1 289.3 38.1

Woodland hardwoods 102.0 20.9 30.8 9.3 5.9 3.8 3.0 1.3 12.1 4.7 15.1 4.8 153.8 23.6

Other western hardwoods 140.9 19.1 4.7 1.9 23.6 7.2 48.9 13.7 104.0 15.9 152.9 20.9 322.1 29.2

Total 797.4 53.1 116.9 18.8 102.9 20.7 246.0 33.2 440.9 33.7 687.0 46.0 1,704.1 75.2

All species groups 10,124.9 313.7 1,900.7 244.2 819.8 148.5 3,301.1 471.9 2,304.4 332.4 5,605.5 566.7 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
132

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-36—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 434.2 17.6 671.2 27.8 888.6 36.9 987.4 44.5 1,109.9 50.0 1,222.1 60.0 1,223.6 66.6 996.6 66.2

Incense cedar 128.4 7.3 167.1 9.9 203.6 12.7 211.0 14.0 212.4 16.9 245.5 19.3 247.9 22.3 236.5 23.5

Lodgepole pine 75.1 10.6 111.8 12.8 178.7 20.4 201.1 20.1 297.8 30.3 267.1 29.5 356.9 37.6 336.8 38.3

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 178.4 8.7 315.3 15.9 471.5 23.6 605.8 29.8 746.1 37.5 818.4 45.2 866.9 50.3 898.6 59.8

Redwood 46.3 4.5 90.0 8.6 131.9 13.0 220.9 21.4 228.3 23.1 259.2 27.1 279.3 33.9 320.1 38.5

Sitka spruce 1.7 0.7 5.3 2.3 6.2 3.0 10.5 5.7 14.2 7.0 14.6 9.4 22.2 14.2 14.5 7.8

Sugar pine 22.7 2.0 38.5 3.6 54.7 5.6 70.0 6.8 70.2 8.8 103.8 13.1 124.7 15.9 173.7 22.8

True fir 324.4 13.1 536.3 21.7 764.9 33.8 893.9 39.8 1,144.5 53.8 1,192.2 60.7 1,306.3 72.2 1,287.5 71.5

Western hemlock 5.2 2.4 9.6 2.1 16.0 5.2 15.2 5.4 26.2 9.3 19.6 7.6 22.7 8.1 22.8 14.5

Western juniper 18.1 1.6 34.4 3.0 45.9 4.1 52.4 5.1 51.2 5.7 49.3 6.0 55.2 7.3 37.4 6.0

Western white pine 8.6 1.3 12.6 1.8 19.1 3.3 18.9 3.5 30.1 5.2 31.3 7.4 42.5 10.1 38.5 10.1

Woodland softwoods 21.3 2.0 41.5 3.9 69.1 6.2 84.8 8.6 109.5 11.0 121.7 11.8 98.5 10.9 83.9 11.2

Other western softwoods 50.6 5.4 84.3 8.0 109.6 11.2 129.8 13.1 149.5 15.6 158.2 18.2 189.4 23.6 232.9 31.9

Total 1,315.1 28.6 2,117.8 44.0 2,959.9 62.5 3,501.7 74.7 4,189.9 92.7 4,502.9 106.5 4,836.0 125.5 4,679.8 133.5

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 5.1 2.0 5.4 1.7 8.4 2.4 10.6 3.9 14.0 4.7 19.9 7.0 13.3 6.1 30.0 12.4

Oak 891.3 31.2 1,220.0 40.3 1,299.6 42.9 1,176.4 43.3 1,080.3 44.0 988.9 46.5 849.5 44.2 640.8 42.5Red alder 24.4 4.6 58.5 9.2 96.3 17.4 103.5 21.2 59.0 13.8 67.9 16.9 35.4 13.3 32.7 10.1

Tanoak 259.6 15.1 346.5 21.1 403.7 26.7 399.8 28.5 371.7 29.8 299.9 27.9 274.4 30.6 254.2 28.7Woodland hardwoods 13.2 1.7 19.1 2.6 23.3 3.5 21.4 2.9 22.1 3.3 18.2 3.3 13.7 2.5 13.7 3.2

Other western hardwoods 250.3 13.3 329.0 18.9 369.4 21.1 372.1 24.7 372.0 29.2 303.1 28.2 302.0 30.2 166.5 21.6

Total 1,443.9 37.3 1,978.6 49.8 2,200.6 56.9 2,083.7 62.3 1,919.0 64.8 1,697.9 64.9 1,488.3 65.7 1,137.9 58.8

All species groups 2,759.0 46.9 4,096.4 65.4 5,160.5 83.2 5,585.4 96.5 6,108.9 111.3 6,200.8 123.0 6,324.3 139.9 5,817.7 145.1
133

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-36—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 1,084.4 75.8 981.7 63.4 1,015.4 47.0 881.3 44.8 917.3 49.0 878.5 49.4 874.9 51.1 819.3 52.1

Incense cedar 228.0 26.3 218.1 22.9 220.8 16.1 199.0 15.5 163.7 14.5 155.5 14.3 155.7 14.9 152.5 17.0

Lodgepole pine 349.6 44.9 260.0 30.1 264.9 25.6 219.0 24.3 211.2 27.1 143.6 19.6 106.4 16.5 87.6 13.9

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 897.7 63.9 778.6 50.4 723.4 36.3 762.8 41.0 702.8 41.0 656.3 43.4 580.0 41.7 492.9 41.6Redwood 371.6 43.7 339.5 41.7 403.3 40.6 378.7 35.6 339.4 37.6 316.3 34.4 315.9 37.5 262.8 32.3

Sitka spruce 19.5 11.2 3.9 2.5 10.1 5.1 5.7 3.2 12.3 6.0 8.3 3.6 12.3 5.7 13.0 7.7

Sugar pine 163.7 23.6 184.9 22.3 190.1 15.3 215.6 19.1 210.3 18.7 223.7 22.6 221.9 22.5 215.3 23.6

True fir 1,216.6 77.9 1,137.5 68.2 1,130.7 57.5 1,165.7 60.3 1,080.3 60.5 980.0 57.6 834.1 55.9 847.2 58.3

Western hemlock 12.6 11.6 1.2 0.9 11.7 4.2 6.2 3.8 4.5 2.5 — — 6.4 3.5 — —

Western juniper 34.6 6.3 30.7 5.4 18.5 2.5 10.3 2.0 13.3 2.4 11.0 2.1 9.1 2.0 5.5 1.8

Western white pine 35.2 9.8 40.1 8.6 42.4 6.6 45.0 7.3 52.0 8.5 48.3 8.8 47.2 9.2 50.3 9.0

Woodland softwoods 62.7 11.6 45.3 7.9 37.5 4.4 21.4 3.4 13.8 2.8 15.6 3.7 9.7 2.5 8.4 2.5

Other western softwoods 175.3 26.6 180.3 24.8 140.7 16.3 132.8 16.5 105.2 14.8 100.2 15.1 80.1 12.9 87.5 15.3

Total 4,651.5 146.6 4,201.9 124.8 4,209.7 97.6 4,043.5 99.4 3,825.9 104.2 3,537.3 100.3 3,253.8 100.7 3,042.2 104.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 24.0 9.5 13.4 5.2 10.6 3.9 16.6 7.3 8.0 2.8 5.1 2.7 0.6 0.6 3.3 2.0

Oak 588.0 46.1 484.9 38.0 323.8 19.0 265.5 18.3 218.5 17.6 171.8 16.8 133.6 16.9 77.8 11.5

Red alder 3.6 3.2 8.9 5.9 2.2 1.4 2.4 1.6 3.3 1.9 1.7 1.4 — — — —

Tanoak 262.5 37.4 148.9 21.0 99.7 12.3 83.4 11.6 73.1 13.6 27.1 6.2 19.2 5.0 37.4 10.9

Woodland hardwoods 8.3 2.6 4.8 1.6 4.0 1.0 2.6 0.9 1.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4

Other western hardwoods 196.1 28.8 142.8 19.2 101.4 10.3 81.8 10.3 66.1 9.4 58.9 12.0 39.2 8.6 49.3 11.6

Total 1,082.5 67.5 803.7 49.6 541.8 26.4 452.3 25.9 370.7 24.9 264.9 21.9 193.1 19.6 168.3 19.9

All species groups 5,734.0 160.4 5,005.7 133.9 4,751.4 101.1 4,495.8 102.6 4,196.6 106.9 3,802.2 102.7 3,446.9 103.1 3,210.5 106.5
134

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-36—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 857.2 56.7 709.4 50.9 674.6 55.4 708.4 58.6 625.0 54.4 570.8 56.1 3,505.1 271.0 22,637.2 681.9 Incense cedar 138.2 16.1 117.2 15.7 102.9 15.7 103.4 14.5 70.3 13.7 50.4 11.9 364.9 48.6 4,092.9 194.9 Lodgepole pine 53.4 10.1 64.2 13.3 40.9 10.6 33.4 9.5 19.2 6.5 10.3 5.3 16.8 10.1 3,705.7 269.7

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 429.9 38.2 437.4 38.7 336.4 33.9 264.3 33.1 274.3 36.7 219.0 34.5 632.1 85.8 13,088.8 400.5

Redwood 238.7 37.9 243.1 34.6 188.4 28.7 164.5 28.3 124.4 24.3 100.4 20.3 2,742.7 719.7 8,105.7 828.1

Sitka spruce 8.8 4.8 8.8 5.2 10.9 7.3 11.4 5.9 — — 2.5 2.6 52.2 43.6 269.0 87.3

Sugar pine 161.6 19.8 155.5 21.6 172.9 23.7 144.8 24.3 142.0 22.7 127.3 23.7 823.8 123.4 4,011.4 225.4

True fir 724.8 55.7 675.1 57.1 601.8 61.5 488.3 48.5 448.4 48.5 378.3 45.5 1,247.6 133.0 20,406.3 741.9

Western hemlock 4.2 3.7 — — 3.3 3.3 — — 9.4 6.0 — — 26.9 27.4 223.7 66.0

Western juniper 13.7 3.5 7.9 2.3 5.4 1.7 2.8 1.2 5.2 2.2 3.5 1.4 14.5 3.9 530.2 34.7

Western white pine 72.0 11.9 54.9 10.4 30.3 8.0 47.3 10.8 22.5 7.2 47.2 12.4 152.4 31.1 988.6 90.1

Woodland softwoods 3.4 1.4 3.4 1.2 1.4 0.9 3.8 1.7 4.0 1.9 — — 2.9 2.1 863.6 57.8Other western softwoods 65.3 12.2 48.3 10.2 39.3 11.1 26.8 8.5 30.1 9.1 25.3 10.8 125.1 60.7 2,466.5 186.6

Total 2,771.2 101.2 2,525.3 97.6 2,208.3 100.0 1,999.2 95.9 1,774.8 91.2 1,535.1 89.1 9,706.9 839.2 81,389.8 1,394.2

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 4.6 3.5 — — — — — — — — — — 2.1 2.1 194.9 48.8

Oak 76.3 13.8 76.5 13.7 55.0 13.3 18.5 7.6 32.8 10.1 30.0 10.8 72.2 18.9 10,771.9 271.1

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 499.8 81.2Tanoak 13.7 5.1 5.4 3.1 16.1 7.0 4.9 3.9 14.4 8.0 8.6 5.8 7.5 7.4 3,431.7 200.5

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 — — — — — — 167.9 19.8Other western hardwoods 30.1 9.4 16.3 6.1 4.4 3.3 24.7 8.9 9.0 5.3 2.2 1.9 32.4 10.0 3,319.3 154.7

Total 124.7 18.0 98.2 15.6 75.9 15.4 48.4 12.2 56.2 13.9 40.8 12.4 114.2 22.7 18,385.5 401.3

All species groups 2,895.9 103.3 2,623.5 98.6 2,284.2 101.5 2,047.6 96.9 1,830.9 92.3 1,575.9 89.9 9,821.1 839.4 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
135

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-37—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Diameter class (inches)

5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 39.1 3.5 53.1 5.2 57.4 7.6 88.1 10.0 98.6 11.2 124.6 17.9 96.3 16.5 104.6 19.6

Incense cedar 14.8 1.5 18.1 2.1 17.7 2.8 24.4 3.9 23.1 4.3 18.6 4.5 26.5 6.0 18.9 5.9

Lodgepole pine 16.5 3.9 19.4 5.3 27.9 8.2 37.5 9.8 37.7 10.1 45.4 10.2 39.2 9.8 67.3 14.1

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 15.1 1.5 25.3 2.8 29.9 4.3 35.6 5.1 48.1 6.7 49.5 8.0 49.8 9.3 35.3 9.0

Redwood 4.9 0.9 5.6 1.3 10.7 2.3 7.9 2.2 2.5 1.4 14.5 5.3 21.3 6.7 13.0 5.5

Sitka spruce 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 — — — — — — — — 3.1 2.8

Sugar pine 4.0 0.7 11.1 2.0 10.0 1.9 16.2 3.6 19.3 5.1 20.4 4.9 22.5 6.9 25.5 8.7

True fir 57.1 4.8 98.8 6.8 134.9 10.1 189.8 15.4 210.2 17.1 268.6 22.0 240.3 25.6 306.0 31.3

Western hemlock — — 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.9 0.7 0.8 — — 2.0 2.2 — — — —Western juniper 0.7 0.2 2.1 0.5 1.7 0.5 1.7 0.7 2.2 0.9 2.9 1.2 2.5 1.3 3.2 1.6

Western white pine 2.0 0.6 2.5 0.9 4.8 1.7 5.0 1.9 8.3 3.6 3.4 2.0 4.4 2.7 16.5 8.2

Woodland softwoods 3.7 0.8 10.4 1.9 18.5 3.8 16.7 3.6 18.4 4.3 25.0 5.3 20.9 4.7 13.9 5.4

Other western softwoods 9.6 1.6 13.3 3.1 20.3 4.7 25.6 4.6 29.0 6.2 34.2 7.1 19.5 5.6 29.2 9.0

Total 167.6 8.0 260.4 12.0 336.5 17.5 449.3 23.4 497.4 26.6 609.4 33.2 543.3 36.2 636.5 44.2

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 2.1 0.9 2.2 1.2 2.3 1.0 2.5 2.0 4.7 3.0 1.4 1.5 — — — —

Oak 98.8 7.1 96.8 8.0 90.1 9.2 71.3 7.9 64.8 8.7 62.9 10.0 55.6 10.4 43.5 10.6Red alder 5.4 1.4 10.6 2.5 9.9 2.6 5.0 2.6 1.2 1.1 6.3 5.0 2.3 2.3 — —Tanoak 19.8 3.3 25.4 4.6 37.3 7.0 33.9 6.9 34.4 8.8 30.0 8.8 16.1 5.5 16.5 6.8

Woodland hardwoods 11.4 2.0 19.5 3.4 24.9 4.1 19.1 5.1 23.7 5.7 18.8 5.5 8.9 4.3 12.5 7.2

Other western hardwoods 36.6 3.8 40.2 4.9 35.5 4.9 32.0 5.3 28.7 5.9 28.9 7.3 20.7 6.2 15.2 6.3

Total 174.1 9.3 194.7 11.6 200.0 13.8 163.7 13.4 157.5 15.1 148.2 16.9 103.6 14.2 87.7 15.8

All species groups 341.7 12.6 455.1 17.1 536.4 22.6 613.0 27.1 654.9 30.8 757.6 37.4 646.9 39.0 724.2 46.9
136

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-37—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 103.2 20.1 147.7 21.7 142.7 13.7 130.3 15.4 146.3 16.7 174.7 20.0 182.4 20.8 153.9 19.4

Incense cedar 34.0 8.4 19.8 5.5 17.5 3.7 16.7 3.4 33.4 5.6 23.1 4.8 25.1 5.5 17.0 4.9Lodgepole pine 48.2 11.8 36.1 8.1 52.7 7.8 44.6 7.3 41.6 8.6 33.2 7.1 23.2 5.7 25.9 6.7

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 82.2 16.2 66.3 12.3 60.1 7.9 63.4 8.4 75.6 10.6 94.4 12.9 76.1 11.5 56.2 10.6

Redwood 23.7 11.0 27.2 9.5 10.7 2.8 23.7 5.3 29.9 7.0 24.7 5.8 42.6 8.7 61.4 12.2

Sitka spruce — — — — 2.5 1.5 — — — — — — — — — —

Sugar pine 20.0 7.7 18.0 4.9 25.6 5.0 23.9 5.0 24.9 5.4 34.0 8.0 30.8 8.5 28.7 7.7

True fir 327.5 36.8 266.1 26.6 244.4 18.7 236.9 18.4 243.4 20.7 260.2 22.4 232.7 22.2 209.8 21.3

Western hemlock 6.1 5.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.2 2.2

Western juniper 1.0 1.0 3.8 2.1 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.3 1.4

Western white pine 10.6 5.3 3.7 1.6 9.7 2.6 10.2 3.0 8.0 2.8 9.6 3.2 7.5 3.2 7.8 3.3

Woodland softwoods 13.2 4.9 4.1 2.8 3.4 1.2 2.5 1.2 3.4 1.6 1.8 1.1 3.0 1.6 2.7 1.6

Other western softwoods 42.1 11.8 47.7 11.5 34.2 6.0 23.0 5.0 20.5 5.2 26.0 5.7 21.1 5.6 14.9 5.3

Total 711.7 52.1 640.6 41.2 604.8 27.4 575.9 28.4 627.6 32.0 682.9 36.1 645.2 35.8 581.7 35.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — 1.6 1.2 — — — — — — — — 1.8 1.9 — —

Oak 65.8 14.1 37.9 8.9 30.4 5.3 29.7 5.4 20.6 4.8 23.0 5.7 17.5 5.1 14.2 4.9

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —Tanoak 19.4 7.4 12.9 6.3 6.6 2.5 8.3 2.7 5.1 2.4 2.8 1.8 3.0 1.9 3.2 2.3Woodland hardwoods 7.9 4.6 1.1 0.9 — — 2.5 1.5 — — 1.9 1.4 — — — —

Other western hardwoods 12.0 6.3 16.9 7.4 7.2 2.4 5.0 2.2 13.2 4.3 4.4 2.6 3.4 2.3 5.1 2.9

Total 105.0 17.7 70.4 13.5 44.1 6.6 45.5 6.7 38.9 6.8 32.1 6.6 25.7 6.2 22.5 6.1

All species groups 816.8 55.0 711.1 43.2 648.9 28.1 621.4 29.1 666.5 32.6 715.0 36.7 670.9 36.4 604.2 35.7
137

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-37—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 115.8 17.2 112.3 18.6 159.9 23.2 141.7 24.7 140.1 23.3 108.8 22.2 725.8 79.6 3,347.6 191.7

Incense cedar 27.2 6.2 21.4 6.0 25.5 6.7 15.2 5.6 19.5 6.6 24.0 8.9 60.4 16.2 541.9 39.1

Lodgepole pine 24.5 7.1 15.7 5.5 14.0 5.4 8.2 4.1 5.9 4.1 5.7 4.1 6.7 4.8 677.1 73.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 75.9 13.9 49.6 11.4 54.0 12.2 49.0 12.7 30.4 10.7 51.2 14.8 150.2 32.0 1,323.2 85.8

Redwood 57.2 10.5 45.8 10.7 51.1 12.7 67.8 14.0 53.7 13.1 72.8 17.5 3,352.9 576.5 4,025.6 599.6Sitka spruce — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.9 4.1

Sugar pine 31.4 9.3 49.0 12.0 29.3 9.3 43.8 12.6 24.4 9.3 19.0 8.7 247.6 45.3 779.8 76.3

True fir 168.7 19.8 179.3 22.6 176.2 24.4 164.2 22.6 160.4 24.7 115.9 20.9 640.4 73.3 5,132.0 247.2

Western hemlock 2.4 2.4 — — — — 4.5 3.9 — — 3.1 3.2 — — 23.1 10.5

Western juniper — — — — 0.8 0.9 — — 0.6 0.6 — — 0.6 0.6 29.3 5.3

Western white pine 11.1 4.3 7.0 3.2 7.5 3.9 7.0 5.2 2.1 2.1 7.7 4.7 21.3 8.8 177.7 26.1

Woodland softwoods 1.2 1.2 — — — — — — 2.0 1.9 — — — — 164.9 22.2

Other western softwoods 7.3 3.7 6.2 3.8 12.0 5.4 7.2 4.3 6.3 6.2 3.4 3.4 64.9 44.9 517.5 66.9

Total 522.7 35.5 486.3 36.9 530.4 40.1 508.5 41.5 445.4 40.6 411.8 40.4 5,270.8 592.9 16,746.7 694.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 18.6 6.9

Oak 23.6 7.3 8.7 4.4 14.3 5.9 2.6 2.6 — — 2.1 2.6 3.8 3.9 877.9 48.9

Red alder 1.8 1.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — 42.4 8.5Tanoak — — 4.9 3.3 6.7 4.2 — — 3.3 3.3 — — — — 289.3 38.1

Woodland hardwoods 1.7 1.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — 153.8 23.6Other western hardwoods 2.0 1.8 — — — — 3.3 3.0 4.5 3.5 — — 7.1 5.2 322.1 29.2

Total 29.1 7.9 13.6 5.5 20.9 7.2 5.9 4.0 7.8 4.8 2.1 2.6 10.9 6.5 1,704.1 75.2

All species groups 551.8 36.3 499.9 37.6 551.4 40.7 514.4 41.7 453.2 40.8 413.9 40.5 5,281.8 592.9 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
138

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-38—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand origin, California, 

2001–2010

Stand origin

Natural stands Artificial regeneration Total

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 36,925.2 1,018.8 402.6 79.8 37,327.7 1,018.9

Douglas-fir 6,139.3 502.7 162.6 62.7 6,302.0 504.7

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 11,286.1 727.6 90.5 49.8 11,376.7 728.9

Lodgepole pine 3,673.9 326.0 — — 3,673.9 326.0

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 913.3 67.8 9.0 8.9 922.3 68.3

Ponderosa pine 4,603.5 311.1 531.5 104.2 5,135.0 325.5

Redwood 7,792.9 973.0 272.9 183.0 8,065.8 986.1

Western juniper 757.6 71.9 5.5 4.6 763.2 72.0

Western white pine 394.3 92.9 — — 394.3 92.9

Other western softwoods 1,035.0 177.2 — — 1,035.0 177.2

Total 73,521.1 1,489.5 1,474.7 238.6 74,995.8 1,493.7

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 939.2 167.4 76.6 57.1 1,015.8 176.8

Aspen/birch 74.0 29.3 — — 74.0 29.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood 124.8 53.8 — — 124.8 53.8

Tanoak/laurel 8,373.0 538.6 185.1 53.6 8,558.0 539.0

Western oak 13,330.2 428.2 82.6 25.6 13,412.9 428.4

Woodland hardwoods 259.7 37.9 — — 259.7 37.9

Other hardwoods 1,224.8 214.2 27.7 20.7 1,252.5 215.2

Total 24,325.6 693.5 372.0 84.8 24,697.7 694.8

 

Nonstocked 70.1 14.7 11.7 4.6 81.8 15.4

 

All forest types 97,916.8 1,447.8 1,858.4 253.2 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
139

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-39—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand origin, California, 

2001–2010

Stand origin

Natural stands Artificial regeneration Total

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 5,884.8 242.5 67.2 21.0 5,952.0 242.9

Douglas-fir 1,135.8 182.7 9.8 3.8 1,145.7 182.6

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 2,535.8 216.0 9.6 6.6 2,545.4 216.1

Lodgepole pine 611.9 70.4 — — 611.9 70.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 152.9 19.2 0.7 0.7 153.5 19.2

Ponderosa pine 299.7 35.0 28.1 9.4 327.8 36.2

Redwood 2,838.6 531.2 36.7 25.5 2,875.3 531.6

Western juniper 112.2 24.3 0.3 0.3 112.6 24.4

Western white pine 104.5 27.5 0.7 0.7 105.2 27.5

Other western softwoods 459.3 211.8 — — 459.3 211.8

Total 14,135.5 666.1 153.2 35.1 14,288.7 666.3

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 208.2 59.2 120.3 94.1 328.5 111.1

Aspen/birch 9.9 4.9 — — 9.9 4.9

Elm/ash/cottonwood 3.5 2.1 — — 3.5 2.1

Tanoak/laurel 1,212.7 158.8 93.0 40.8 1,305.7 163.6

Western oak 1,561.8 131.5 16.1 7.3 1,577.9 131.7

Woodland hardwoods 116.7 23.0 — — 116.7 23.0

Other hardwoods 140.3 35.0 22.0 16.9 162.3 38.9

Total 3,253.2 215.7 251.3 104.2 3,504.5 238.8

 

Nonstocked 629.2 130.0 28.5 25.7 657.7 132.6

 

All forest types 18,017.8 692.7 433.1 112.8 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct 

volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
140

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-40—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: California mixed conifer 129.3 37.2 426.7 80.0 1,812.7 201.2 5,900.8 412.8 7,308.1 511.5 3,889.0 397.4 3,467.6 419.0 Douglas-fir 64.3 19.7 809.3 147.2 1,426.2 232.6 794.5 189.0 686.6 184.6 194.7 100.2 290.3 143.2 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 21.0 10.3 27.9 19.5 408.6 85.9 1,439.2 243.7 1,892.6 273.7 1,185.0 222.1 1,216.2 265.9

Lodgepole pine 0.5 0.3 9.5 5.8 94.5 41.4 226.6 64.0 373.7 94.9 313.7 98.4 356.3 102.1Pinyon/juniper woodlands 0.9 0.7 2.4 1.2 43.3 21.9 106.6 27.2 192.9 38.7 40.6 20.0 56.0 18.1

Ponderosa pine 60.9 14.9 331.0 68.6 586.4 120.1 991.0 122.6 1,677.5 193.3 538.5 124.0 343.5 104.6

Redwood 86.7 38.9 359.0 128.7 979.8 242.5 1,143.0 255.4 1,285.5 313.2 465.2 191.6 197.7 104.4

Western juniper 1.1 0.7 5.4 2.6 44.7 11.3 176.0 25.7 130.7 25.0 91.3 27.1 26.9 12.7

Western white pine — — — — 8.4 8.3 21.3 20.3 15.9 12.6 27.5 27.1 2.5 2.5Other western softwoods 2.2 2.1 143.0 75.0 167.0 71.7 90.8 52.3 196.8 100.8 41.9 25.8 6.0 5.0

Total 366.8 59.9 2,114.1 233.6 5,571.7 419.9 10,889.8 580.6 13,760.3 708.3 6,787.3 523.0 5,963.1 544.6

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 47.3 24.9 348.3 105.6 232.8 90.6 164.7 73.5 77.0 42.9 51.9 50.8 12.9 12.8

Aspen/birch 2.7 2.4 11.0 9.2 12.1 9.7 6.8 5.4 6.4 6.5 — — 19.4 20.1Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 9.3 7.7 — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 36.6 13.0 1,170.2 158.6 2,035.4 250.1 1,817.1 281.2 862.6 182.1 242.8 101.3 156.5 77.2

Western oak 127.4 25.2 277.8 54.0 1,528.4 137.3 2,681.4 212.8 2,705.8 225.3 950.5 141.5 625.9 117.2

Woodland hardwoods — — 2.4 1.7 13.1 5.0 64.9 16.6 23.7 8.1 35.3 20.9 3.1 3.1

Other hardwoods 6.2 2.6 58.5 21.0 212.1 74.7 284.7 100.4 119.6 51.0 106.5 75.7 165.7 113.4

Total 220.1 37.9 1,877.6 197.2 4,033.9 303.5 5,019.6 369.4 3,795.1 295.8 1,387.1 197.0 983.6 180.3

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 587.0 70.6 3,991.7 299.0 9,605.6 501.3 15,909.3 673.8 17,555.4 755.8 8,174.4 555.5 6,946.7 571.7
141

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-40—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 3,405.9 371.4 1,913.9 317.8 1,896.2 305.6 7,157.3 608.7 20.4 13.9 37,327.7 1,018.9

Douglas-fir 427.2 150.5 319.1 158.6 254.6 115.4 1,033.0 277.6 2.1 2.0 6,302.0 504.7

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,053.5 230.4 808.1 208.2 1,153.5 273.8 2,171.0 392.8 — — 11,376.7 728.9

Lodgepole pine 593.1 145.2 249.3 73.3 422.1 127.8 1,034.6 194.1 — — 3,673.9 326.0

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 64.0 21.6 50.9 19.3 35.3 15.2 148.9 32.1 180.4 26.3 922.3 68.3Ponderosa pine 272.3 80.8 38.4 21.8 114.3 56.7 178.1 62.1 3.2 3.3 5,135.0 325.5

Redwood 88.1 88.0 165.2 118.4 257.7 206.3 3,037.9 848.7 — — 8,065.8 986.1

Western juniper 49.3 20.4 26.3 18.0 54.8 27.0 143.6 41.0 13.0 5.8 763.2 72.0

Western white pine 17.7 14.6 34.6 26.6 54.4 35.1 211.9 72.0 — — 394.3 92.9

Other western softwoods 5.4 3.1 8.0 5.1 80.6 32.1 230.5 70.8 62.8 32.9 1,035.0 177.2

Total 5,976.6 495.8 3,613.9 433.2 4,323.4 491.2 15,346.8 1,158.7 282.0 44.7 74,995.8 1,493.7

Hardwoods:

Alder maple 21.1 23.4 — — 28.9 28.8 — — 30.8 18.1 1,015.8 176.8

Aspen/birch — — 0.4 0.5 14.1 14.0 — — 1.1 0.9 74.0 29.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.5 0.4 — — — — 2.1 2.1 112.8 53.2 124.8 53.8

Tanoak/laurel 791.9 223.6 211.7 112.8 157.5 80.4 727.5 194.0 348.4 95.0 8,558.0 539.0

Western oak 595.0 116.4 212.3 71.5 281.6 90.6 200.3 60.8 3,226.4 179.5 13,412.9 428.4

Woodland hardwoods 19.7 11.2 — — 7.3 5.6 24.5 14.0 65.7 16.5 259.7 37.9Other hardwoods 35.1 24.5 0.2 0.2 — — 169.6 89.5 94.3 34.2 1,252.5 215.2

Total 1,463.3 254.3 424.6 133.3 489.4 125.2 1,124.0 221.9 3,879.5 212.8 24,697.7 694.8

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 81.8 15.4 81.8 15.4All forest types 7,439.9 555.1 4,038.4 452.5 4,812.8 505.6 16,470.8 1,169.8 4,243.3 217.8 99,775.3 1,445.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
142

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-41—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: California mixed conifer 137.9 51.6 66.5 22.1 172.9 33.3 666.8 66.0 997.1 92.1 527.0 72.8 456.3 68.9 Douglas-fir 46.7 24.0 270.5 142.3 239.6 68.6 100.6 48.8 87.4 32.4 2.8 2.3 47.6 31.7 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 164.0 102.0 6.4 4.5 64.4 21.1 217.0 46.7 436.0 84.0 308.8 76.1 242.9 61.8

Lodgepole pine — — 0.1 0.1 14.9 9.0 40.1 14.9 73.7 26.1 66.9 28.7 29.0 11.7Pinyon/juniper woodlands 5.3 4.5 0.1 0.1 15.4 10.8 14.3 4.5 18.2 4.9 6.9 3.1 11.1 5.5

Ponderosa pine 27.8 11.8 7.9 4.7 34.5 10.7 56.8 15.6 69.7 15.7 27.7 10.1 18.1 8.5Redwood 422.7 301.3 229.2 110.7 1,057.5 377.3 295.6 90.0 481.4 173.9 107.2 48.0 47.5 26.0

Western juniper 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 4.4 2.7 20.4 7.1 16.0 6.5 4.2 2.1 2.9 1.4

Western white pine 0.7 0.7 — — 1.3 1.2 2.0 1.9 11.3 10.9 8.3 8.2 3.4 3.4

Other western softwoods 3.6 2.9 226.2 205.6 38.3 25.4 11.0 8.0 57.0 33.7 5.7 4.1 — —

Total 808.9 323.3 807.1 274.0 1,643.2 386.0 1,424.5 131.5 2,247.7 220.2 1,065.4 119.3 858.9 102.2

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 38.7 34.0 102.8 41.0 95.7 88.0 33.2 22.2 32.4 32.0 — — 4.6 4.5Aspen/birch — — 0.9 0.8 2.3 2.3 1.2 1.2 0.1 0.1 — — 3.7 3.8Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 1.7 1.3 — — — — — — — — — —Tanoak/laurel 164.5 111.4 247.7 57.3 192.1 37.7 128.5 26.8 98.6 37.5 33.9 16.0 55.0 26.9

Western oak 288.5 104.6 46.8 17.8 105.0 18.4 271.3 32.9 247.7 33.6 131.7 25.2 59.6 16.6

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 5.2 2.5 37.8 14.1 10.3 7.6 8.1 4.1 0.1 0.1

Other hardwoods 3.3 2.1 5.5 3.4 16.3 7.4 21.9 12.5 16.5 9.1 10.0 8.4 16.1 12.7

Total 495.0 156.5 405.5 72.0 416.6 97.6 493.8 50.8 405.6 60.7 183.7 31.2 139.1 34.3

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 1,303.9 358.8 1,212.6 282.6 2,059.8 397.3 1,918.3 140.0 2,653.4 227.6 1,249.2 122.9 998.0 107.6
143

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-41—Gross volume of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 674.0 91.0 427.5 90.9 350.3 63.2 1,446.3 153.6 29.3 27.4 5,952.0 242.9

Douglas-fir 50.8 23.5 63.6 35.3 76.0 36.6 158.5 44.8 1.5 1.4 1,145.7 182.6

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 269.2 71.4 183.1 61.3 250.5 60.8 403.1 84.4 — — 2,545.4 216.1Lodgepole pine 97.8 29.9 48.2 22.5 69.3 21.0 171.9 37.6 — — 611.9 70.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 10.8 6.2 4.7 2.3 4.3 2.2 17.3 4.9 45.0 10.6 153.5 19.2Ponderosa pine 35.3 10.7 2.2 1.5 12.8 6.9 35.0 14.0 — — 327.8 36.2

Redwood 8.0 8.0 26.6 22.7 32.9 21.2 166.6 66.1 — — 2,875.3 531.6

Western juniper 8.7 4.9 12.2 7.6 11.1 6.4 32.2 19.1 0.2 0.2 112.6 24.4

Western white pine 4.3 4.2 21.9 16.1 14.5 8.3 37.6 14.5 — — 105.2 27.5

Other western softwoods 0.6 0.5 5.6 5.1 18.0 8.8 72.2 23.0 21.1 12.2 459.3 211.8

Total 1,159.5 122.0 795.6 120.4 839.8 99.8 2,540.7 196.7 97.2 31.8 14,288.7 666.3

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 9.6 10.7 — — 11.2 11.1 — — 0.5 0.4 328.5 111.1Aspen/birch — — — — 1.3 1.3 — — 0.4 0.4 9.9 4.9Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 1.8 1.6 3.5 2.1Tanoak/laurel 97.1 30.0 16.0 13.2 16.8 11.0 199.3 76.6 56.2 19.5 1,305.7 163.6

Western oak 101.4 33.0 37.3 21.6 29.9 13.4 35.8 17.9 222.9 31.6 1,577.9 131.7Woodland hardwoods 8.6 6.5 — — 0.8 0.8 12.0 9.4 33.9 10.8 116.7 23.0Other hardwoods 0.1 0.1 — — — — 33.2 19.4 39.3 24.3 162.3 38.9

Total 216.7 46.3 53.3 25.3 60.0 20.6 280.2 81.4 355.1 45.6 3,504.5 238.8

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 657.7 132.6 657.7 132.6All forest types 1,376.2 130.0 848.9 123.0 899.8 101.7 2,821.0 210.6 1,109.9 143.5 18,450.9 700.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
144

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-42—Average net volume per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Cubic feet per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 471.19 120.91 1,815.30 182.26 2,748.63 171.31 3,842.95 143.79 4,680.27 181.07 5,044.70 284.35 6,680.60 396.17 Douglas-fir 985.80 146.16 3,522.93 326.31 5,048.43 394.77 5,608.33 721.34 7,317.15 922.72 6,127.45 1,482.05 9,524.61 1,746.40

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 366.19 135.50 963.44 557.07 2,419.54 254.18 4,022.75 434.94 5,370.33 340.29 5,573.31 501.64 6,928.03 816.66

Lodgepole pine 30.60 20.56 486.92 200.75 2,314.11 543.36 2,240.59 385.17 2,653.28 415.38 3,520.26 611.65 3,999.88 509.57Pinyon/juniper woodlands 30.08 21.08 72.83 20.04 400.43 177.88 468.92 94.38 642.37 90.29 443.67 186.74 525.34 129.45

Ponderosa pine 285.85 53.03 1,151.31 172.52 2,524.88 339.21 2,088.94 137.13 3,044.11 181.31 3,206.65 461.90 3,767.46 756.95

Redwood 1,442.45 435.72 4,191.25 1,106.27 7,544.94 942.03 9,307.02 749.41 11,742.72 973.00 12,097.34 1,101.34 8,565.20 2,272.73Western juniper 28.17 13.32 122.09 37.11 248.41 47.10 383.63 38.41 459.47 60.76 698.59 149.10 440.88 154.50

Western white pine — — — — 1,183.56 249.24 3,154.81 3,154.81 973.73 733.66 4,313.49 4,313.49 378.11 30.71

Other western softwoods 85.80 67.59 4,058.17 1,320.69 2,632.47 802.53 1,538.33 728.65 2,345.74 1,050.11 2,285.30 1,354.66 503.49 258.53

Total 465.25 66.10 2,117.26 172.37 2,975.28 157.92 3,124.60 116.37 3,938.17 137.11 4,357.51 215.65 5,349.76 308.14

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,674.96 644.79 3,930.32 598.51 4,130.18 824.39 5,694.64 459.80 3,600.39 933.27 11,088.4011,088.40 3,506.16 3,506.16Aspen/birch 316.72 259.83 682.75 428.57 1,438.13 658.19 781.12 10.19 1,542.81 1,542.81 — — 4,380.28 4,380.28

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 916.16 648.42 — — — — — — — — — —Tanoak/laurel 271.02 80.76 2,671.20 192.39 4,117.83 259.53 5,333.80 424.07 5,266.91 525.35 4,487.33 1,081.49 4,391.92 1,103.78

Western oak 285.51 47.78 648.79 102.11 1,136.06 72.54 1,631.52 88.30 1,917.00 107.95 2,103.53 202.94 2,200.47 270.86

Woodland hardwoods — — 150.80 55.98 295.97 42.87 543.66 76.56 353.90 67.36 1,214.76 434.12 486.28 486.28

Other hardwoods 73.56 24.56 720.19 191.79 2,930.01 561.21 3,298.87 785.12 1,731.25 554.61 4,412.39 2,089.42 7,634.18 3,429.20

Total 313.52 47.94 1,740.99 133.97 1,995.91 111.22 2,251.62 122.62 2,185.13 120.18 2,460.06 244.07 2,759.95 368.40

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —All forest types 393.78 41.87 1,921.88 107.92 2,466.93 96.16 2,784.04 85.99 3,356.11 103.17 3,853.19 175.91 4,722.35 258.79
145

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-42—Average net volume per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 5,672.10 283.99 6,115.72 561.47 6,152.06 489.83 7,085.30 326.32 1,323.40 407.63 4,783.71 89.60

Douglas-fir 7,502.99 1,151.28 8,866.63 2,371.17 9,956.28 1,106.87 11,561.98 1,584.76 441.29 30.42 5,792.92 295.57

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 5,712.07 712.44 7,212.41 914.83 7,691.48 981.19 9,126.76 824.64 — — 5,582.61 221.75Lodgepole pine 5,043.45 551.75 3,023.22 350.35 4,835.67 706.33 4,412.70 461.19 — — 3,603.67 190.37

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 529.65 133.20 845.95 148.57 829.15 166.29 817.23 98.19 322.34 34.63 495.33 30.74Ponderosa pine 2,774.46 567.59 1,814.67 255.73 3,136.52 912.56 2,824.74 508.49 555.41 555.41 2,290.65 98.33

Redwood 13,437.97 13,437.97 12,293.47 3,190.57 14,899.35 7,763.30 29,490.41 5,030.60 — — 11,364.51 1,060.28

Western juniper 1,066.56 235.50 1,086.05 502.96 1,284.44 401.06 804.91 180.95 292.74 79.84 497.31 37.61

Western white pine 1,402.01 606.60 2,715.14 1,120.41 2,588.30 1,088.74 3,016.63 517.74 — — 2,367.15 345.55

Other western softwoods 167.74 59.39 339.56 165.89 1,389.11 305.70 2,138.72 440.99 1,678.20 571.05 1,860.66 257.22

Total 4,684.38 237.67 5,171.69 403.23 5,479.17 411.19 6,741.28 400.13 422.31 55.07 3,943.17 69.69

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 4,225.84 4,225.84 — — 6,247.29 6,247.29 — — 2,291.21 796.61 3,983.76 365.61

Aspen/birch — — 71.98 71.98 2,562.27 2,562.27 — — 81.87 42.83 989.36 309.95

Elm/ash/cottonwood 1,242.56 1,242.56 — — — — 5,616.78 5,616.78 2,794.39 620.69 2,316.14 582.24

Tanoak/laurel 8,911.45 988.96 8,308.55 1,531.36 4,716.38 1,254.54 7,547.64 770.88 2,959.07 470.37 4,229.67 170.18

Western oak 2,117.07 282.40 2,028.43 486.32 2,962.68 563.73 1,618.21 354.16 1,109.14 44.43 1,408.24 34.74

Woodland hardwoods 750.39 211.62 — — 558.18 178.12 1,667.57 343.23 484.69 82.24 550.70 54.86

Other hardwoods 2,365.17 1,065.15 24.39 24.39 — — 5,282.38 1,752.41 795.88 254.67 2,053.07 293.34

Total 3,514.12 445.24 2,980.06 702.35 3,226.82 507.91 4,204.48 560.67 1,158.98 47.67 1,897.89 44.33

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 104.48 17.58 104.48 17.58All forest types 4,396.42 211.86 4,800.51 362.06 5,116.07 360.12 6,474.69 364.36 884.35 36.81 3,040.49 43.92

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
146

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-43—Average gross volume per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Cubic feet per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 502.28 176.80 283.04 82.82 262.16 43.98 434.26 34.77 638.58 45.28 683.60 73.83 879.03 94.64 Douglas-fir 716.04 280.50 1,177.58 590.54 848.19 206.74 710.24 309.02 931.94 291.95 88.10 58.60 1,561.77 759.76

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 2,859.64 1,501.20 221.95 143.55 381.09 102.43 606.55 104.88 1,237.09 174.97 1,452.53 271.37 1,383.69 253.52

Lodgepole pine — — 3.21 3.58 366.00 161.02 396.20 109.39 522.91 152.90 750.55 254.55 325.95 100.64

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 179.91 126.70 4.25 3.43 142.58 92.71 62.82 17.14 60.55 13.86 75.67 26.84 104.06 45.13

Ponderosa pine 130.36 52.52 27.44 15.70 148.69 40.19 119.74 30.33 126.47 25.79 164.68 51.52 198.86 77.74

Redwood 7,035.08 4,416.44 2,676.03 1,104.37 8,143.72 2,344.51 2,406.93 549.93 4,397.27 1,203.91 2,786.59 522.77 2,058.77 656.39

Western juniper 4.76 3.36 2.59 2.21 24.57 14.30 44.38 14.83 56.32 21.39 31.87 14.83 47.72 17.69

Western white pine 103.75 103.75 — — 177.09 37.29 290.47 290.47 690.25 655.25 1,306.82 1,306.82 513.95 41.74

Other western softwoods 142.42 88.11 6,420.05 5,133.49 602.89 354.56 186.82 118.53 679.49 359.29 311.81 237.41 — —

Total 1,025.93 400.09 808.27 267.25 877.49 200.43 408.73 34.30 643.30 57.85 684.03 64.92 770.55 73.80

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,369.57 959.84 1,159.75 343.66 1,696.71 1,441.47 1,146.69 534.66 1,516.93 1,193.82 — — 1,237.32 1,237.32

Aspen/birch — — 58.30 36.49 269.69 280.99 138.67 154.15 22.80 22.80 — — 828.69 828.69

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 167.45 15.69 — — — — — — — — — —Tanoak/laurel 1,219.04 790.28 565.45 112.57 388.62 64.61 377.09 61.01 602.09 194.13 627.29 199.23 1,544.19 366.89

Western oak 646.41 221.85 109.29 39.40 78.08 12.65 165.10 17.55 175.46 21.02 291.47 45.20 209.57 49.87

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 117.21 43.57 316.45 98.32 154.62 103.40 277.85 87.28 15.65 15.65

Other hardwoods 39.97 22.51 68.34 40.51 225.65 73.89 253.40 128.58 238.44 109.28 414.39 260.90 742.02 426.22

Total 704.92 213.35 375.99 60.85 206.12 47.09 221.51 20.08 233.55 32.18 325.84 44.27 390.22 82.16

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —All forest types 874.72 234.37 583.81 132.83 529.01 100.32 335.69 22.51 507.25 40.55 588.83 49.74 678.41 60.13
147

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-43—Average gross volume per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 1,122.51 106.97 1,366.18 219.04 1,136.62 133.05 1,431.74 113.99 1,906.64 1,248.73 762.77 27.24

Douglas-fir 892.57 290.82 1,766.10 639.94 2,970.66 565.52 1,774.10 275.43 317.16 21.86 1,053.13 153.73

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,459.52 282.82 1,634.11 405.52 1,670.43 252.04 1,694.50 230.93 — — 1,249.05 85.39

Lodgepole pine 831.99 179.08 584.40 219.94 794.21 118.86 733.36 115.95 — — 600.23 54.00Pinyon/juniper woodlands 89.49 46.87 78.67 28.06 101.12 35.98 94.83 21.05 80.42 17.30 82.47 9.78Ponderosa pine 359.44 71.62 105.19 68.03 350.77 142.13 555.72 146.39 — — 146.22 14.60

Redwood 1,220.17 1,220.17 1,979.25 1,140.55 1,903.79 392.54 1,617.43 519.69 — — 4,051.25 669.55Western juniper 187.79 79.95 502.78 181.99 261.00 112.62 180.26 102.17 4.91 5.01 73.35 15.19

Western white pine 337.70 237.77 1,718.21 360.23 690.66 135.21 535.14 138.40 — — 631.68 119.88

Other western softwoods 17.40 14.75 237.84 180.01 310.39 111.08 670.29 146.77 562.57 244.68 825.68 370.21

Total 908.79 74.91 1,138.63 137.43 1,064.29 90.90 1,116.05 69.18 145.52 45.79 751.28 34.14

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,923.93 1,923.93 — — 2,414.40 2,414.40 — — 33.50 18.24 1,288.33 380.74Aspen/birch — — — — 236.43 236.43 — — 33.25 23.20 132.43 60.23Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 44.51 36.20 64.99 31.86Tanoak/laurel loiu 190.78 626.80 418.38 504.32 244.51 2,067.54 621.01 477.38 120.63 645.31 74.58

Western oak 360.72 105.37 356.01 188.59 315.07 115.06 288.92 129.93 76.64 10.38 165.67 13.29

Woodland hardwoods 325.93 185.52 — — 59.62 40.93 814.97 379.85 250.52 64.35 247.54 41.14

Other hardwoods 6.47 4.67 4.51 4.51 — — 1,033.31 395.46 331.63 190.32 266.01 57.62

Total 520.43 92.41 373.83 160.65 395.78 111.85 1,048.17 263.61 106.08 12.93 269.31 17.71

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 839.81 151.92 839.81 151.92

All forest types 813.23 61.55 1,009.10 119.91 956.52 80.60 1,108.92 67.62 231.32 28.79 562.26 21.32

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
148

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-44—Average net volume per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 5,087.79 91.78 1,145.33 150.09 377.89 56.11 4,783.71 89.60

Douglas-fir 6,485.15 308.97 1,899.38 333.53 891.43 238.75 5,792.92 295.57

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 5,949.07 226.47 1,009.45 238.03 418.03 82.23 5,582.61 221.75

Lodgepole pine 3,846.18 198.87 1,822.19 430.59 139.53 56.79 3,603.67 190.37

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 581.86 35.36 116.90 33.12 74.40 20.45 495.33 30.74

Ponderosa pine 2,624.49 105.53 493.06 75.35 161.18 47.42 2,290.65 98.33

Redwood 12,169.43 1,118.13 962.56 273.79 503.88 131.85 11,364.51 1,060.28

Western juniper 570.81 43.11 206.55 56.88 68.75 28.86 497.31 37.61

Western white pine 2,949.81 368.59 213.40 43.73 496.02 214.73 2,367.15 345.55

Other western softwoods 2,672.86 342.82 370.54 103.81 81.93 28.12 1,860.66 257.22

Total 4,374.49 76.02 663.28 66.28 292.72 31.90 3,943.17 69.69

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 5,192.83 391.98 2,674.72 493.12 573.14 221.43 3,983.76 365.61

Aspen/birch 2,832.62 644.08 1,490.17 385.74 248.57 103.80 989.36 309.95

Elm/ash/cottonwood 2,841.91 582.22 187.59 173.41 314.76 31.46 2,316.14 582.24

Tanoak/laurel 5,506.03 205.61 2,582.35 163.39 540.77 115.73 4,229.67 170.18

Western oak 1,967.38 55.13 1,038.08 40.36 262.44 24.50 1,408.24 34.74

Woodland hardwoods 609.08 61.16 382.70 131.29 94.71 43.52 550.70 54.86

Other hardwoods 4,733.97 590.95 1,180.65 244.55 143.13 29.40 2,053.07 293.34

Total 2,723.35 71.37 1,231.99 43.87 287.61 24.39 1,897.89 44.33

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 104.48 17.58

 

All forest types 3,891.17 57.07 1,130.61 38.63 289.59 19.40 3,040.49 43.92

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
149

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-45—Average gross cubic volume per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 793.66 28.63 354.86 110.35 334.50 98.91 762.77 27.24

Douglas-fir 1,108.35 173.91 134.31 69.93 1,040.11 360.16 1,053.13 153.73

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,226.78 77.14 930.69 580.18 1,680.95 813.14 1,249.05 85.39

Lodgepole pine 623.53 54.77 693.00 436.16 13.39 14.16 600.23 54.00

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 78.77 8.83 115.65 56.11 75.76 34.35 82.47 9.78

Ponderosa pine 156.10 15.94 52.76 24.22 130.20 69.15 146.22 14.60

Redwood 4,223.86 713.55 2,470.74 497.06 1,223.85 646.18 4,051.25 669.55

Western juniper 86.95 18.09 10.27 8.16 2.19 1.27 73.35 15.19

Western white pine 776.63 142.48 68.84 14.11 172.51 88.49 631.68 119.88

Other western softwoods 1,156.86 544.00 87.96 44.33 186.16 138.66 825.68 370.21

Total 802.12 37.59 240.09 51.56 414.02 96.87 751.28 34.14

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,488.37 559.34 1,235.65 564.52 349.53 139.83 1,288.33 380.74

Aspen/birch 359.47 189.25 277.46 167.49 13.15 8.79 132.43 60.23

Elm/ash/cottonwood 48.93 34.51 — — 170.64 17.05 64.99 31.86

Tanoak/laurel 679.20 61.95 317.39 68.88 1,056.10 477.43 645.31 74.58

Western oak 182.81 13.02 93.53 9.86 288.28 80.47 165.67 13.29

Woodland hardwoods 237.64 37.95 418.55 206.19 — — 247.54 41.14

Other hardwoods 497.86 106.84 101.31 31.30 163.58 101.50 266.01 57.62

Total 317.74 21.15 142.72 16.34 365.78 86.67 269.31 17.71

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 839.81 151.92

 

All forest types 660.33 27.40 160.08 16.28 384.50 64.91 562.26 21.32

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct 

volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
150

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-46—Average net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Cubic feet per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 5,303.87 114.82 5,878.33 445.36 5,666.19 1,144.65 3,102.24 153.61 3,486.46 195.32 3,219.33 122.09 4,783.71 89.60 Douglas-fir 7,489.54 667.56 5,613.59 1,437.85 6,869.31 1,396.90 4,467.51 361.77 5,150.06 487.76 4,798.60 303.30 5,792.92 295.57 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 5,885.58 266.98 7,271.14 683.72 5,004.92 1,492.09 3,419.85 368.86 2,697.50 578.88 3,233.52 313.20 5,582.61 221.75 Lodgepole pine 3,413.57 215.45 4,430.94 482.86 2,020.86 676.56 3,198.96 410.87 3,016.24 569.36 3,084.26 389.51 3,603.67 190.37 Pinyon juniper woodlands 642.79 52.84 406.70 40.42 423.19 143.04 399.74 102.82 213.62 44.94 232.37 42.93 495.33 30.74

Ponderosa pine 2,377.29 135.56 2,008.63 338.78 1,212.67 422.19 1,702.32 192.63 2,651.58 207.03 2,186.70 146.11 2,290.65 98.33

Redwood 20,816.80 3,663.57 28,959.97 4,329.52 24,116.70 6,308.76 6,325.65 611.34 10,752.40 841.63 8,028.63 544.88 11,364.51 1,060.28

Western juniper 589.05 58.43 361.38 49.31 2,012.38 1,367.58 387.70 75.36 368.08 43.59 369.52 40.77 497.31 37.61

Western white pine 2,459.34 379.14 2,528.72 580.09 — — — — — — — — 2,367.15 345.55

Other western softwoods 1,094.95 170.70 1,447.12 366.33 1,871.53 1,219.04 4,859.60 898.57 4,850.31 1,627.77 4,854.54 975.72 1,860.66 257.22

Total 4,145.74 76.39 3,149.76 248.31 8,397.97 1,807.56 3,478.94 132.81 3,571.06 190.91 3,519.29 109.31 3,943.17 69.69

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 3,004.53 640.73 4,445.05 709.72 7,787.74 388.11 4,122.61 677.93 3,492.40 692.31 3,832.71 491.33 3,983.76 365.61

Aspen/birch 976.64 421.61 284.52 287.67 1,316.62 0 2,807.85 2,807.85 1,073.52 249.73 1,458.74 448.31 989.36 309.95

Elm/ash/ ottonwood 2,503.82 2,503.82 — — 2,060.21 656.91 — — 2,538.40 827.81 2,390.26 795.36 2,316.14 582.24

Tanoak/laurel 4,782.32 391.67 2,980.25 704.58 6,038.88 760.46 3,289.92 231.06 4,358.58 277.61 3,869.68 188.09 4,229.67 170.18

Western oak 1,736.51 80.93 1,341.10 165.61 1,450.42 134.55 1,653.38 108.79 1,190.46 39.07 1,257.67 37.04 1,408.24 34.74

Woodland hardwoods 597.76 79.14 389.49 57.63 988.61 442.87 254.65 254.65 492.35 101.06 467.25 92.80 550.70 54.86

Other hardwoods 1,761.68 520.86 606.20 541.80 4,595.96 1,415.66 2,462.46 662.03 1,863.46 321.82 1,978.04 291.21 2,053.07 293.34

Total 2,066.97 91.81 1,427.15 152.92 2,792.02 281.80 2,419.92 124.38 1,615.03 56.41 1,782.02 50.55 1,897.89 44.33

Nonstocked 110.69 22.61 96.56 59.87 — — 99.21 34.61 74.53 36.78 91.48 26.29 104.48 17.58

All forest types 3,499.64 59.65 2,599.70 180.19 4,676.57 658.57 3,031.64 95.69 2,132.98 67.49 2,451.35 53.04 3,040.49 43.92

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
151

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-47—Average gross volume per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government

Private

Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 890.19 35.35 1,365.30 161.60 1,011.01 470.30 304.84 27.11 307.26 50.19 305.57 24.29 762.77 27.24Douglas-fir 1,204.79 161.58 574.58 290.50 1,499.73 691.65 1,266.96 432.89 641.88 144.32 963.75 235.91 1,053.13 153.73

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 1,289.48 95.55 2,166.25 429.68 1,836.48 825.54 459.35 110.37 652.69 243.53 509.22 103.19 1,249.05 85.39

Hemlock/Sitka spruce — — — — — — 7,729.21 5,165.06 525.18 417.21 6,000.20 4,091.64 5,860.53 3,999.06Lodgepole pine 524.53 55.65 767.57 138.38 384.90 199.53 858.44 350.80 842.40 390.18 848.37 277.64 600.23 54.00

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 89.25 12.09 81.36 18.88 56.96 26.83 21.54 20.08 73.07 29.50 67.88 26.79 82.47 9.78

Ponderosa pine 164.54 20.45 207.87 100.06 217.67 152.00 114.28 27.66 93.90 21.83 103.88 17.52 146.22 14.60Redwood 113.85 30.35 8,011.57 4,248.31 3,186.15 681.75 3,621.62 960.09 4,641.83 1,270.30 4,014.10 767.02 4,051.25 669.55

Western juniper 81.90 18.06 32.81 11.85 1,434.26 1,026.45 33.01 21.21 51.22 18.00 49.89 16.76 73.35 15.19

Western white pine 654.64 135.81 646.39 149.07 — — 103.75 103.75 — — 103.75 103.75 631.68 119.88

Other western softwoods 353.18 81.98 301.07 92.27 219.76 96.76 8.80 7.93 965.43 618.96 775.29 509.93 378.51 77.59

Total 703.91 22.77 725.89 103.24 1,354.78 261.01 897.66 154.23 725.04 143.22 822.05 106.34 751.28 34.14

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,595.39 529.40 516.71 183.85 5,498.80 3,809.46 1,412.65 470.15 236.02 111.78 871.39 286.43 1,288.33 380.74

Aspen/birch 149.42 73.32 — — 1,966.97 1,966.97 — — 8.63 7.54 6.72 5.98 132.43 60.23

Elm/ash/cottonwood 296.67 296.67 — — 29.72 22.40 — — 47.31 31.31 44.55 29.58 64.99 31.86

Tanoak/laurel 864.43 149.64 904.31 319.15 668.67 130.10 761.80 201.85 356.08 52.93 541.70 97.55 645.31 74.58

Western oak 338.13 42.22 163.07 37.08 108.59 28.85 159.74 26.61 77.62 7.41 89.54 7.47 165.67 13.29

Woodland hardwoods 309.21 62.65 169.03 53.79 258.64 102.96 122.28 122.28 92.24 47.45 95.41 42.46 247.54 41.14Other hardwoods 385.68 136.65 228.88 167.78 482.73 254.55 205.71 70.21 131.67 35.06 145.83 31.55 266.01 57.62

Total 424.48 38.76 238.74 43.55 381.76 124.28 451.97 83.74 113.94 9.23 184.07 19.05 269.31 17.71

Nonstocked 1,104.34 209.75 242.03 106.34 3,298.89 3,298.89 192.67 127.98 57.11 28.15 150.23 88.77 839.81 151.92

All forest types 649.60 20.13 579.60 73.25 727.50 123.99 726.65 101.64 278.31 39.74 437.14 44.07 562.26 21.32

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Gross volume does not deduct volume loss due to defect and adds an estimate of missing bole volume from top loss due to breakage or previous harvest, see glossary.
152

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-48—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 395.7 16.8 611.5 27.0 795.6 35.2 883.8 41.5 1,008.1 48.1 1,098.2 57.8 1,096.7 64.0 888.7 62.5

Incense cedar 112.5 6.9 149.0 9.3 179.3 11.9 182.6 13.1 180.2 16.0 220.8 18.5 221.4 21.2 196.0 21.7

Lodgepole pine 38.3 9.2 51.1 9.6 69.9 11.8 75.9 11.7 106.5 17.1 79.0 14.7 109.6 20.2 104.4 22.1

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 162.2 8.4 284.9 15.1 418.4 22.1 544.1 28.6 661.6 35.7 720.0 43.3 765.7 47.2 768.5 56.8

Redwood 42.3 4.3 84.0 8.4 120.1 12.6 204.9 20.9 207.9 22.2 233.9 25.5 252.4 33.1 284.4 37.0

Sitka spruce 1.1 0.5 4.0 2.1 6.2 3.0 9.4 5.6 12.8 6.9 14.6 9.4 22.2 14.2 10.3 6.5

Sugar pine 20.1 1.9 33.0 3.3 45.8 5.1 58.7 6.2 57.7 7.7 88.8 12.0 110.2 14.9 140.0 20.9

True fir 272.0 12.4 434.5 20.2 635.9 31.7 728.8 36.6 936.3 50.3 931.6 55.0 1,048.3 66.3 976.8 63.0

Western hemlock 4.4 2.3 6.3 1.6 13.4 4.9 14.7 5.4 23.5 9.1 14.3 6.8 8.9 4.9 4.6 4.2

Western juniper 4.8 0.7 7.9 1.5 11.5 2.0 12.6 2.9 9.9 2.5 9.8 2.8 14.0 3.6 8.1 2.9

Western white pine 4.4 1.0 5.2 1.1 6.3 1.5 7.8 2.2 12.8 3.2 7.5 2.7 23.3 6.2 21.9 7.6

Other western softwoods 12.8 2.4 27.3 5.1 40.3 6.8 38.3 7.7 48.3 9.8 35.3 8.0 56.9 16.1 71.2 22.6

Total 1,070.7 27.1 1,698.8 41.6 2,342.6 57.4 2,761.6 68.8 3,265.5 85.1 3,453.8 97.2 3,729.4 115.4 3,474.9 120.0

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 3.6 1.9 3.6 1.5 6.0 2.1 3.0 1.3 7.1 3.0 13.8 5.9 — — 18.8 9.4

Oak 332.9 17.5 473.3 25.4 499.7 25.8 503.1 30.5 393.6 26.9 400.3 30.8 327.4 28.4 294.8 30.0

Red alder 18.0 3.4 43.6 7.4 74.8 15.4 76.0 17.1 37.1 9.9 48.7 14.9 27.1 11.3 28.7 9.7Tanoak 220.2 14.0 289.2 18.9 333.8 23.8 333.2 25.8 299.0 25.9 239.2 25.4 198.7 25.7 202.7 24.6

Other western hardwoods 152.2 9.8 206.2 15.5 247.6 17.4 279.4 21.5 267.1 25.1 224.8 24.4 207.1 24.3 115.1 18.1

Total 726.9 25.6 1,015.9 36.9 1,161.9 43.1 1,194.6 51.2 1,004.0 48.7 926.8 50.8 760.3 47.9 660.2 45.8

All species groups 1,797.7 39.3 2,714.7 57.8 3,504.5 73.6 3,956.2 87.3 4,269.5 99.0 4,380.6 109.8 4,489.7 125.4 4,135.1 128.8
153

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-48—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 930.0 71.4 877.1 60.8 855.0 43.2 726.9 40.6 766.8 45.5 712.4 43.9 715.8 48.3 684.3 49.6

Incense cedar 186.8 24.4 177.0 20.2 187.5 15.0 167.3 14.5 137.4 13.1 124.0 13.1 132.7 13.8 117.9 15.3

Lodgepole pine 82.6 19.2 75.9 17.8 60.5 12.2 42.0 10.1 43.0 12.8 22.0 6.4 14.9 4.6 13.0 5.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 750.6 58.4 646.8 47.1 602.1 33.9 615.0 37.8 548.0 36.2 498.8 37.3 421.4 36.5 345.7 36.0

Redwood 333.0 41.4 291.2 38.3 350.6 38.3 312.2 31.3 281.9 33.1 265.3 30.8 239.8 31.8 217.0 28.7

Sitka spruce 16.2 10.7 3.9 2.5 10.1 5.1 5.7 3.2 9.1 5.6 7.1 3.4 7.4 4.6 8.3 7.1

Sugar pine 129.5 20.8 153.6 19.6 164.3 14.2 172.6 17.3 172.5 16.8 164.9 18.9 175.5 20.2 161.3 20.5

True fir 898.6 65.1 822.4 57.7 807.9 48.2 791.8 49.3 702.9 48.2 675.4 48.9 521.1 43.0 520.0 46.2

Western hemlock 12.6 11.6 0.8 0.8 6.4 2.4 6.2 3.8 2.6 1.8 — — — — — —

Western juniper 5.9 3.0 9.8 3.4 3.6 1.1 2.4 1.0 2.1 1.2 1.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.3 1.0

Western white pine 18.8 7.3 18.1 5.7 15.3 4.6 17.3 4.5 20.4 5.0 15.7 4.6 12.5 5.0 17.5 5.9

Other western softwoods 30.3 11.8 48.5 13.3 36.7 10.6 45.2 12.6 19.0 6.3 22.1 9.9 29.5 8.6 33.2 9.5

Total 3,395.0 127.9 3,125.1 110.6 3,100.0 87.7 2,904.7 86.9 2,705.7 89.3 2,509.4 87.9 2,271.4 87.3 2,119.5 91.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 14.6 7.7 6.5 2.4 5.5 2.8 11.8 6.5 5.0 2.1 5.1 2.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9

Oak 254.4 30.4 230.1 26.3 160.6 14.0 142.4 13.2 109.6 12.2 94.2 12.7 63.7 12.8 40.1 8.5

Red alder 3.6 3.2 8.2 5.9 2.2 1.4 2.4 1.6 3.3 1.9 1.7 1.4 — — — —

Tanoak 210.0 33.9 117.0 18.6 75.6 10.5 66.3 10.6 58.3 12.7 22.4 5.8 13.0 3.9 36.3 10.9Other western hardwoods 147.0 25.1 101.3 16.8 74.9 8.8 52.9 8.3 52.4 8.5 48.5 11.4 28.1 7.4 34.5 10.2

Total 629.5 52.9 463.1 37.3 318.8 20.5 275.9 20.8 228.5 20.5 171.9 18.4 105.3 15.4 111.7 17.5

All species groups 4,024.5 138.6 3,588.2 117.0 3,418.8 90.6 3,180.6 89.9 2,934.2 91.8 2,681.3 90.0 2,376.7 89.4 2,231.2 94.2
154

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-48—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 680.1 52.3 558.6 47.0 547.3 51.6 564.3 52.7 504.2 50.3 437.3 50.5 2,591.3 239.0 18,929.6 663.2

Incense cedar 105.9 14.2 80.4 13.1 82.6 14.3 77.1 12.5 48.2 11.1 34.3 9.6 270.7 42.5 3,371.8 178.4

Lodgepole pine 12.3 4.9 8.1 4.2 6.8 5.9 4.8 4.4 10.5 5.4 — — — — 1,031.3 130.9Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 292.0 29.9 299.1 31.6 209.1 25.8 164.3 27.0 137.0 26.2 112.3 23.3 358.3 68.5 10,325.8 356.2Redwood 180.3 32.6 192.4 32.3 134.8 23.9 125.3 24.9 78.1 18.5 69.3 16.7 688.6 148.2 5,189.6 410.5

Sitka spruce 2.2 2.0 5.2 4.2 10.9 7.3 11.4 5.9 — — — — 10.4 9.5 188.7 65.0

Sugar pine 129.2 17.9 85.9 15.4 134.3 20.7 95.6 18.5 95.4 18.8 82.9 19.8 485.3 73.0 2,957.3 166.4

True fir 411.9 40.8 437.0 48.8 288.6 36.5 295.2 37.5 245.0 35.7 205.9 32.2 588.6 95.0 14,176.7 602.0

Western hemlock — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 118.7 43.3

Western juniper 3.3 2.2 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.7 — — — — — — 3.1 2.3 115.2 16.3

Western white pine 18.9 6.0 10.7 5.2 7.4 3.8 15.1 6.0 3.9 2.8 6.3 4.6 26.5 10.8 313.4 46.1

Other western softwoods 20.1 7.7 10.3 4.2 6.6 4.0 8.6 4.3 4.8 3.7 — — 19.3 8.9 664.5 105.7

Total 1,856.2 85.9 1,689.2 85.1 1,429.5 78.8 1,361.7 81.4 1,127.1 74.3 948.5 72.1 5,042.2 344.2 57,382.6 1,107.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 105.9 38.9

Oak 45.7 10.6 28.3 8.2 32.4 10.9 8.0 5.9 12.2 6.6 7.0 5.3 41.5 13.7 4,495.2 182.6

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 375.4 69.2

Tanoak 9.1 4.1 3.8 2.7 12.8 6.5 4.9 3.9 7.9 6.3 8.6 5.8 7.5 7.4 2,769.5 175.4

Other western hardwoods 28.0 9.2 12.3 4.6 4.4 3.3 14.1 6.3 9.0 5.3 — — 24.2 8.5 2,331.1 133.0

Total 82.8 14.5 44.4 10.2 49.5 13.1 26.9 9.4 29.1 10.5 15.6 7.8 73.2 17.7 10,077.1 321.8

All species groups 1,939.0 88.1 1,733.6 85.6 1,479.0 80.2 1,388.6 82.3 1,156.2 75.1 964.1 72.5 5,115.4 344.7 67,459.7 1,194.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

a Includes live growing stock trees of commercial species that are ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; excludes trees that are classified as rough or rotten cull.
155

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-49—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 11,251.1 558.1 417.2 98.8 281.3 94.3 3,432.6 230.2 3,547.4 285.0 6,980.0 341.8 18,929.6 663.2

Incense cedar 2,239.4 151.4 19.9 13.9 11.9 9.5 641.0 68.3 459.5 67.8 1,100.5 93.2 3,371.8 178.4

Lodgepole pine 765.6 111.8 — — 23.2 14.8 109.4 42.7 133.1 53.3 242.5 67.4 1,031.3 130.9Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 6,961.6 304.4 164.2 41.7 31.5 15.2 1,496.4 122.7 1,672.1 149.1 3,168.5 181.5 10,325.8 356.2Redwood 23.8 19.6 — — 350.9 119.1 2,476.0 267.3 2,338.8 322.3 4,814.9 393.5 5,189.6 410.5

Sitka spruce — — — — — — 115.6 49.2 73.1 42.6 188.7 65.0 188.7 65.0

Sugar pine 2,181.5 151.5 33.4 15.4 2.8 2.9 550.6 59.6 189.0 36.0 739.7 67.2 2,957.3 166.4True fir 11,316.9 565.7 84.8 50.0 50.4 41.1 1,928.1 174.1 796.5 109.5 2,724.6 196.3 14,176.7 602.0

Western hemlock 1.2 1.2 — — 1.5 1.4 90.0 41.7 26.0 11.7 116.0 43.3 118.7 43.3

Western juniper 75.4 12.6 13.5 7.1 — — 3.4 1.4 22.9 7.5 26.3 7.7 115.2 16.3Western white pine 289.9 45.5 — — 4.1 3.7 13.9 6.0 5.4 3.4 19.4 6.8 313.4 46.1

Other western softwoods 386.9 83.4 8.3 4.6 11.5 6.6 64.7 21.9 193.1 60.9 257.8 64.6 664.5 105.7

Total 35,493.3 888.7 741.4 138.1 769.2 188.2 10,921.8 502.4 9,456.8 541.2 20,378.7 647.1 57,382.6 1,107.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 26.8 10.0 3.0 2.2 — — 7.0 4.9 69.2 37.2 76.2 37.5 105.9 38.9Oak 2,122.0 128.1 136.0 30.6 51.4 20.6 669.8 67.0 1,516.0 111.7 2,185.8 126.4 4,495.2 182.6

Red alder 28.5 10.5 2.2 1.8 16.8 15.5 275.7 64.2 52.1 18.4 327.8 66.6 375.4 69.2

Tanoak 609.2 82.6 34.7 17.0 69.4 26.9 952.1 104.2 1,104.2 123.9 2,056.2 152.7 2,769.5 175.4

Other western hardwoods 792.8 82.0 60.3 17.5 79.6 29.1 430.5 53.8 967.8 89.2 1,398.3 100.6 2,331.1 133.0

Total 3,579.3 196.3 236.2 50.9 217.2 55.3 2,335.1 164.8 3,709.3 218.3 6,044.4 249.8 10,077.1 321.8

All species groups 39,072.6 932.8 977.5 169.8 986.4 224.4 13,256.9 566.4 13,166.1 652.6 26,423.0 732.6 67,459.7 1,194.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes live growing stock trees of commercial species that are ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; excludes trees that are classified as rough or rotten cull.
156

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-50—Net cubic volume of sawtimber-sized treesa on timberland, by species group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 10,655.4 543.4 389.4 94.1 266.0 91.3 3,024.3 213.7 3,248.5 272.7 6,272.8 325.9 17,583.7 642.0 Incense cedar 2,057.8 144.2 16.2 12.5 10.9 9.0 550.3 61.6 407.9 63.6 958.1 86.0 3,043.0 168.4 Lodgepole pine 689.1 105.4 — — 21.0 14.2 86.2 35.0 120.1 50.0 206.3 60.2 916.4 121.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 6,594.9 295.4 156.5 39.8 29.9 14.7 1,354.9 116.0 1,551.4 142.1 2,906.4 173.5 9,687.6 344.3

Redwood 23.0 19.0 — — 343.4 117.3 2,343.3 260.1 2,279.6 316.5 4,623.0 385.8 4,989.4 402.6Sitka spruce — — — — — — 109.3 46.1 71.0 41.3 180.3 61.8 180.3 61.8

Sugar pine 2,127.1 149.1 32.7 15.2 2.8 2.8 527.8 58.5 180.0 35.3 707.8 66.0 2,870.4 163.8

True fir 10,645.5 545.3 76.3 47.5 47.0 38.6 1,716.1 162.7 715.3 102.1 2,431.5 184.1 13,200.3 578.6

Western hemlock 1.2 1.2 — — 1.0 1.0 77.9 39.0 23.2 10.6 101.2 40.4 103.4 40.4

Western juniper 64.9 11.7 11.5 5.9 — — 2.4 1.1 20.2 6.8 22.6 6.9 99.0 14.8

Western white pine 278.1 44.5 — — 4.0 3.6 12.9 5.8 4.7 3.2 17.7 6.6 299.7 45.2

Other western softwoods 356.7 81.1 6.9 4.0 11.3 6.5 53.9 18.8 181.0 58.2 234.9 61.1 609.8 101.8

Total 33,493.6 864.2 689.6 129.7 737.3 183.1 9,859.4 476.9 8,803.1 522.0 18,662.5 626.9 53,583.0 1,076.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 16.8 7.9 2.5 2.1 — — 3.4 2.9 66.1 36.0 69.4 36.1 88.8 37.0

Oak 758.2 54.9 33.0 8.5 28.0 12.4 247.4 29.2 604.2 50.7 851.6 57.2 1,670.9 80.3

Red alder 16.9 6.7 0.5 0.5 14.3 13.2 149.0 42.0 29.4 11.6 178.4 43.5 210.2 45.9

Tanoak 409.8 62.4 26.8 13.6 42.7 18.4 585.7 73.7 800.6 101.9 1,386.3 120.8 1,865.6 137.2

Other western hardwoods 390.6 49.8 24.9 9.3 39.2 18.1 212.3 30.6 477.4 50.7 689.8 57.6 1,144.5 78.4

Total 1,592.3 110.3 87.8 26.6 124.3 34.0 1,197.8 102.4 1,977.7 142.2 3,175.5 164.3 4,979.9 200.3

All species groups 35,085.9 884.4 777.3 143.0 861.6 202.7 11,057.2 507.0 10,780.8 586.1 21,838.0 674.4 58,562.9 1,120.6

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood species.
157

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-51—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by county and 

ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

National forest Other federal

State and local 

government Private All owners

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, Scribner rule

Alameda — — — — 16.4 14.4 16.6 19.0 33.0 23.9

Alpine 1,552.0 470.6 — — — — 77.5 70.5 1,629.5 475.8

Amador 911.0 439.9 35.0 35.6 — — 1,025.6 435.3 1,971.5 680.0

Butte 5,003.3 1,171.4 170.3 173.5 — — 2,727.0 580.0 7,900.5 1,318.6

Calaveras 1,465.1 620.8 — — — — 2,913.0 708.2 4,378.1 943.4

Colusa 173.9 126.4 — — — — 212.0 152.5 385.9 198.1

Del Norte 7,654.5 1,424.9 — — 384.0 249.2 3,023.5 649.5 11,062.0 1,585.1

El Dorado 11,940.3 1,695.6 207.8 174.8 0.2 0.2 2,633.4 609.1 14,781.7 1,809.5

Fresno 7,451.1 1,365.8 — — — — 346.1 182.1 7,797.2 1,377.9

Glenn 1,649.2 644.4 — — — — 149.2 129.7 1,798.5 657.3

Humboldt 9,322.2 1,823.4 847.1 412.2 128.9 131.3 25,631.9 2,313.2 35,930.1 2,960.9

Inyo 158.6 131.4 — — 29.5 26.9 — — 188.1 134.1

Kern 1,137.3 320.4 4.0 3.6 — — 137.2 69.2 1,278.6 328.9

Lake 1,869.0 533.3 132.9 110.6 70.2 71.5 459.7 185.2 2,531.8 579.5

Lassen 5,469.2 799.7 197.7 90.1 — — 2,408.5 392.7 8,075.3 896.4

Los Angeles 332.4 147.0 — — — — — — 332.4 147.0

Madera 7,073.8 1,461.1 — — — — 369.6 245.7 7,443.4 1,481.6

Marin — — — — 317.6 275.1 702.4 615.4 1,019.9 674.1

Mariposa 1,282.4 572.0 8.3 8.7 — — 747.3 323.1 2,037.9 657.0

Mendocino 2,010.9 586.2 101.5 80.2 2,043.2 906.1 20,613.4 2,045.5 24,769.0 2,322.2

Modoc 3,596.4 572.9 75.2 73.9 — — 1,113.5 225.8 4,785.1 623.2

Mono 1,674.2 371.2 16.1 16.4 — — 71.7 76.3 1,762.1 379.3

Monterey 68.7 65.2 — — — — 919.7 605.9 988.4 609.4

Napa — — — — — — 1,065.0 390.0 1,065.0 390.0

Nevada 3,491.8 880.5 40.4 36.1 31.0 27.7 2,553.5 613.9 6,116.7 1,073.4

Placer 7,336.5 1,502.8 143.2 89.9 146.6 111.6 2,203.3 580.5 9,829.6 1,611.8

Plumas 19,634.8 1,935.6 41.6 29.9 — — 4,993.7 812.1 24,670.1 2,092.1

Riverside 80.0 79.1 — — — — 196.6 134.9 276.6 156.4

San Benito — — — — — — 59.9 60.8 59.9 60.8

San Bernardino 858.2 300.7 — — — — 200.7 145.5 1,058.9 334.0

San Diego 0.5 0.5 — — — — 4.4 4.0 4.9 4.0

San Joaquin — — — — — — 349.6 215.6 349.6 215.6

San Luis 

Obispo 

— — — — — — 6.6 5.8 6.6 5.8

San Mateo — — — — 9.1 8.1 1,370.7 683.5 1,379.7 683.6
158

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Ownership group

National forest Other federal

State and local 

government Private All owners

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, Scribner rule

Santa Barbara 69.6 58.8 — — — — 20.2 18.2 89.8 61.6

Santa Clara — — — — 418.9 344.4 160.7 115.2 579.6 359.6

Santa Cruz — — — — 407.1 366.1 4,446.3 1,032.5 4,853.3 1,111.0

Shasta 9,256.9 1,304.3 811.9 399.5 534.0 367.7 7,743.4 910.3 18,346.2 1,693.5

Sierra 8,300.3 1,457.6 — — — — 1,235.0 446.0 9,535.2 1,521.6

Siskiyou 34,369.9 2,746.6 70.5 67.4 132.9 123.5 6,603.8 820.8 41,177.0 2,872.9

Sonoma — — 11.9 13.0 94.5 89.2 7,738.9 1,804.9 7,845.3 1,807.1

Tehama 5,952.7 1,276.5 — — — — 2,770.3 606.4 8,722.9 1,427.2

Trinity 23,127.0 2,514.3 1,241.5 463.9 — — 3,924.6 673.1 28,293.1 2,640.9

Tulare 3,288.9 803.6 — — — — 363.6 219.7 3,652.5 833.1

Tuolumne 9,068.1 1,513.0 — — — — 1,539.2 458.9 10,607.4 1,582.3

Ventura 27.4 21.8 — — — — — — 27.4 21.8

Yuba 2,247.8 938.3 — — 137.7 135.6 1,055.4 466.7 3,440.8 1,054.0

 

All counties 198,905.6 5,448.1 4,156.8 797.6 4,901.7 1,185.7 116,904.1 3,990.5 324,868.2 6,807.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 board feet was estimated.

a

 Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood 

species.

Table A2-51—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by county and 

ownership group, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
159

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-52—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by forest type group and ownership group, 

California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, Scribner rule

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 117,516.2 4,802.4 1,729.3 543.2 429.4 274.8 20,566.4 1,654.2 10,124.9 1,177.4 30,691.2 1,912.9 150,366.0 5,182.7

Douglas-fir 10,785.8 1,894.5 88.8 88.7 1,022.4 617.9 6,410.7 1,073.4 7,856.3 1,446.0 14,266.9 1,763.6 26,163.9 2,641.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 33,685.2 3,045.4 264.4 267.7 262.1 267.0 3,822.8 777.1 1,099.2 409.5 4,921.9 866.9 39,133.6 3,190.3Lodgepole pine 3,371.4 712.2 — — 151.8 112.6 267.2 145.0 579.8 246.0 847.0 284.0 4,370.2 772.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 52.5 35.2 — — — — — — 13.3 13.2 13.3 13.2 65.8 46.2Ponderosa pine 12,987.3 1,313.7 294.2 111.3 31.0 27.7 2,708.6 503.1 4,548.0 669.8 7,256.6 822.9 20,569.1 1,554.8

Redwood — — — — 1,255.6 710.1 11,382.4 1,853.1 13,047.6 2,375.6 24,430.0 2,918.2 25,685.6 3,003.0

Western juniper 488.6 142.6 93.4 49.1 — — — — 139.1 53.6 139.1 53.6 721.1 160.0

Western white pine 338.3 175.7 — — — — — — — — — — 338.3 175.7

Other western softwoods 305.0 173.8 8.3 8.7 — — 993.6 416.3 1,431.6 674.8 2,425.2 791.6 2,738.5 810.5

Total 179,530.2 5,486.6 2,478.5 622.3 3,152.2 1,006.6 46,151.6 2,745.1 38,839.7 3,135.4 84,991.2 3,884.9 270,152.1 6,779.9

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 442.4 223.7 85.9 70.0 78.9 66.6 1,400.0 484.9 815.1 326.5 2,215.1 583.3 2,822.3 632.1

Aspen/birch 84.4 66.2 — — — — 28.2 30.0 48.8 35.9 77.0 46.8 161.4 81.1

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 349.6 215.6 349.6 215.6 349.6 215.6Tanoak/laurel 8,466.9 1,339.3 570.7 344.6 1,103.8 486.0 7,300.5 942.4 11,537.5 1,593.6 18,838.0 1,793.3 28,979.3 2,296.8

Western oak 8,625.7 888.6 912.6 342.9 256.5 156.2 2,669.7 409.2 5,935.6 680.0 8,605.2 783.9 18,400.1 1,239.1

Woodland hardwoods 170.3 56.1 — — — — — — 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.2 174.7 56.2Other hardwoods 1,371.1 576.4 105.0 107.0 310.3 350.5 521.9 211.5 1,248.9 361.3 1,770.9 417.4 3,557.2 873.7

Total 19,160.9 1,698.7 1,674.2 502.2 1,749.5 628.0 11,920.3 1,133.4 19,939.9 1,779.6 31,860.2 2,007.6 54,444.6 2,740.5

Nonstocked 214.5 61.7 4.2 4.1 — — 45.6 21.2 7.2 5.1 52.8 21.8 271.5 65.6

All forest types 198,905.6 5,448.1 4,156.8 797.6 4,901.7 1,185.7 58,117.4 2,851.6 58,786.7 3,465.4 116,904.1 3,990.5 324,868.2 6,807.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 board feet was estimated.a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood species.
160

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-53—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by forest type group 

and stand size class, California, 2000–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, Scribner rule

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 149,435.2 5,185.9 420.0 99.0 510.9 119.1 150,366.0 5,182.7

Douglas-fir 25,557.7 2,640.9 231.0 85.0 375.2 182.2 26,163.9 2,641.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 38,961.2 3,189.4 49.0 27.5 123.4 52.9 39,133.6 3,190.3

Lodgepole pine 4,181.2 766.2 184.7 97.2 4.3 4.3 4,370.2 772.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 65.8 46.2 — — — — 65.8 46.2

Ponderosa pine 20,360.4 1,554.9 130.7 38.5 78.0 33.3 20,569.1 1,554.8

Redwood 25,615.4 3,003.6 34.3 21.2 35.8 22.4 25,685.6 3,003.0

Western juniper 693.6 158.9 7.8 7.4 19.7 17.8 721.1 160.0

Western white pine 290.3 170.8 2.1 2.1 45.8 40.9 338.3 175.7

Other western softwoods 2,738.5 810.5 — — — — 2,738.5 810.5

Total 267,899.3 6,789.6 1,059.6 170.7 1,193.1 231.0 270,152.1 6,779.9

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 2,484.6 615.3 279.9 138.9 57.7 40.4 2,822.3 632.1

Aspen/birch 94.5 70.6 48.9 35.9 18.0 17.4 161.4 81.1

Elm/ash/cottonwood 349.6 215.6 — — — — 349.6 215.6

Tanoak/laurel 26,070.9 2,289.2 2,446.8 393.1 461.6 154.1 28,979.3 2,296.8

Western oak 15,583.2 1,191.8 2,367.8 354.6 449.0 125.8 18,400.1 1,239.1

Woodland hardwoods 159.6 55.5 9.5 7.0 5.5 6.0 174.7 56.2

Other hardwoods 3,317.8 868.6 174.3 92.7 65.1 28.7 3,557.2 873.7

Total 48,060.3 2,726.0 5,327.3 553.6 1,057.1 205.5 54,444.6 2,740.5

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 271.5 65.6

 

All forest types 315,959.7 6,868.7 6,386.8 577.6 2,250.2 308.3 324,868.2 6,807.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 board feet was estimated.

a

 Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood 

species.
161

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-54—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 

2001–2010

Diameter class (inches)

9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, Scribner rule

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 2,640.6 118.8 3,600.5 172.5 4,573.4 221.5 5,369.3 287.8 5,658.2 335.9 4,769.1 342.4 5,198.6 407.2 5,019.9 356.9

Incense cedar 489.8 33.1 609.5 44.2 675.5 60.9 897.2 76.1 950.5 92.0 881.9 98.9 878.6 115.5 854.4 98.2Lodgepole pine 219.0 37.3 292.3 45.3 461.6 75.5 370.7 70.8 545.6 102.0 548.8 118.9 451.3 105.6 422.0 100.2

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,183.7 63.7 1,928.5 102.5 2,718.9 149.5 3,234.7 198.4 3,695.9 232.5 3,967.6 302.1 4,034.0 320.9 3,603.7 265.5Redwood 345.0 36.8 729.6 74.7 844.1 90.8 1,031.3 114.3 1,200.1 161.1 1,412.1 186.3 1,723.6 219.5 1,564.2 211.9

Sitka spruce 20.9 10.6 41.1 23.9 60.3 32.4 72.9 46.9 115.7 74.5 54.8 34.1 93.2 61.5 22.9 14.9

Sugar pine 132.1 15.2 209.2 22.5 234.6 32.0 404.4 55.6 529.9 72.7 717.1 109.6 687.4 111.3 838.6 107.1

True fir 1,900.3 98.5 2,711.0 138.7 3,942.1 217.1 4,258.4 258.0 5,117.0 332.1 4,948.7 324.3 4,733.8 350.7 4,507.6 320.4

Western hemlock 46.4 18.0 65.3 25.0 113.0 44.1 76.0 36.3 48.1 26.9 26.8 24.7 77.7 71.8 4.7 4.3

Western juniper 30.1 5.4 40.7 9.8 34.7 8.8 36.0 10.3 53.9 14.0 32.8 12.0 23.2 11.8 38.0 13.2Western white pine 17.4 4.2 26.3 7.7 50.9 13.1 31.2 11.8 104.9 28.3 106.3 37.2 90.3 35.6 92.9 29.1Other western softwoods 124.1 21.7 144.2 29.8 209.1 43.9 158.9 36.9 278.4 82.1 369.2 120.1 157.4 63.2 268.9 76.2

Total 7,149.4 182.1 10,398.2 267.1 13,918.3 373.6 15,941.3 462.5 18,298.1 581.7 17,835.2 633.1 18,149.0 701.9 17,237.8 625.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 10.7 4.8 30.6 12.8 64.5 28.2 — — 98.7 49.8 82.9 44.6 34.8 12.9Oak 888.9 58.3 745.6 54.2 830.4 69.7 734.4 69.0 692.4 75.0 642.7 83.5 606.0 76.6

Red alder 327.4 75.1 174.5 46.7 245.9 77.8 143.6 63.3 161.3 55.1 18.9 17.2 47.7 34.4

Tanoak 1,412.9 112.4 1,366.6 122.1 1,118.5 122.5 976.9 130.1 986.7 122.2 1,085.8 183.5 632.0 104.6

Other western hardwoods 893.2 77.3 914.0 104.5 765.5 96.8 710.5 94.7 398.2 69.1 493.5 96.8 275.2 49.1

Total 3,533.1 175.1 3,231.4 184.4 3,024.7 191.7 2,565.4 191.5 2,337.4 175.4 2,323.8 228.4 1,595.7 144.7

All species groups 7,149.4 182.1 13,931.3 327.2 17,149.6 420.4 18,966.0 502.0 20,863.4 617.0 20,172.6 659.4 20,472.8 738.9 18,833.4 643.7
162

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-54—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million board feet, Scribner rule

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 5,029.1 258.7 4,379.1 249.3 4,711.5 287.3 4,434.3 278.0 4,542.6 313.9 4,394.6 323.8 4,447.6 346.9 3,632.4 310.3Incense cedar 934.7 75.9 862.2 75.5 717.4 69.6 665.2 70.9 716.1 75.2 650.2 86.1 593.0 80.7 460.3 75.5

Lodgepole pine 344.0 69.5 245.2 60.3 253.1 77.3 127.9 36.8 91.4 28.4 81.1 35.9 77.1 31.8 50.2 26.2

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 3,490.8 201.0 3,681.4 231.1 3,356.8 226.1 3,102.7 236.0 2,681.3 237.2 2,250.4 240.1 1,914.3 198.1 1,989.8 213.7

Redwood 1,954.3 217.1 1,775.0 181.0 1,623.7 194.4 1,563.3 184.0 1,435.7 192.2 1,315.5 176.6 1,101.8 204.6 1,196.3 204.4

Sitka spruce 60.9 31.6 34.9 19.9 56.6 35.6 46.0 22.0 46.4 28.9 53.2 45.2 13.5 12.3 36.0 28.6

Sugar pine 931.7 81.6 1,008.8 102.8 1,043.0 102.7 1,016.9 118.0 1,096.7 127.5 1,025.5 131.3 837.3 116.8 560.9 101.6

True fir 4,563.3 276.9 4,602.7 292.6 4,182.9 292.1 4,097.2 303.0 3,211.0 269.5 3,266.0 295.8 2,603.6 260.7 2,805.7 318.9

Western hemlock 37.8 14.6 38.9 23.9 15.7 10.6 — — — — — — — — — —Western juniper 14.7 4.4 10.0 4.5 8.4 4.9 6.9 3.2 3.8 2.6 6.1 5.0 14.1 10.1 4.9 3.4

Western white pine 80.3 24.4 91.8 23.7 111.7 28.0 89.1 26.5 73.0 29.6 100.1 34.1 112.1 35.5 65.8 32.5

Other western softwoods 209.2 61.1 257.6 73.6 104.0 35.6 131.9 61.2 175.8 52.7 204.9 59.1 124.3 48.2 59.6 25.2

Total 17,651.0 508.6 16,987.5 519.6 16,185.0 547.4 15,281.6 546.4 14,073.7 552.6 13,347.6 591.5 11,838.6 557.5 10,862.0 556.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 30.6 16.1 69.4 39.1 27.5 11.5 29.1 15.5 2.6 2.6 4.3 4.3 — — — —

Oak 446.9 41.4 410.6 40.3 332.4 40.1 315.5 46.2 208.9 43.0 142.8 33.3 155.2 39.1 86.2 28.5

Red alder 12.3 7.9 14.0 9.9 19.0 10.7 9.6 7.7 — — — — — — — —

Tanoak 415.3 59.5 373.5 61.7 330.1 75.5 131.1 34.4 71.1 22.7 219.6 67.8 55.7 25.7 23.7 17.1

Other western hardwoods 238.7 33.0 159.4 31.0 181.3 33.3 151.3 36.9 96.5 32.6 85.5 25.0 103.1 38.8 39.4 16.0

Total 1,143.9 83.4 1,026.8 91.3 890.3 96.2 636.7 73.0 379.0 58.9 452.1 80.4 314.0 60.6 149.3 39.3

All species groups 18,794.8 518.0 18,014.3 528.9 17,075.3 556.5 15,918.2 552.1 14,452.7 558.6 13,799.7 600.7 12,152.6 565.5 11,011.3 557.5
163

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-54—Net board-foot volume (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and 

diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, Scribner rule

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 3,622.6 347.0 3,736.7 352.1 3,378.4 341.0 2,930.0 343.6 17,415.3 1,617.3 103,483.7 4,074.4

Incense cedar 467.8 83.1 444.2 72.7 281.5 65.5 201.0 56.8 1,605.8 255.2 14,837.0 864.1

Lodgepole pine 44.7 40.0 30.2 27.9 65.1 33.8 — — — — 4,721.5 661.5Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,401.5 174.2 1,106.7 183.9 934.7 180.9 771.1 161.4 2,484.0 484.1 53,532.7 2,019.9

Redwood 840.9 150.7 789.7 157.7 486.1 115.7 431.0 106.4 4,368.0 966.9 27,731.5 2,364.7

Sitka spruce 73.0 48.4 74.2 38.5 — — — — 67.5 61.4 1,044.0 352.7

Sugar pine 891.2 138.5 639.3 124.3 646.8 127.7 567.1 135.9 3,321.6 501.8 17,340.2 1,038.1

True fir 1,867.0 237.1 1,934.9 248.7 1,605.7 238.2 1,360.0 216.7 3,907.5 645.5 72,126.4 3,378.5

Western hemlock — — — — — — — — — — 550.3 224.6

Western juniper 3.9 2.7 — — — — — — 8.9 6.3 371.0 56.2

Western white pine 44.7 23.4 91.6 36.7 22.9 16.4 40.6 29.7 168.6 68.8 1,612.4 249.7

Other western softwoods 43.5 26.5 51.4 26.2 29.7 23.7 — — 118.1 55.2 3,220.2 567.0

Total 9,300.8 519.7 8,899.0 539.2 7,450.8 498.9 6,300.8 487.1 33,465.3 2,315.3 300,570.9 6,574.2

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — 485.8 209.8

Oak 111.6 41.4 7.5 5.9 30.0 17.5 27.8 23.6 108.1 43.4 7,523.9 375.9

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — 1,174.2 263.7Tanoak 82.7 42.1 31.4 25.0 48.3 38.4 57.6 39.0 35.6 35.3 9,455.0 729.8

Other western hardwoods 15.1 11.4 31.8 21.8 28.4 19.2 — — 77.9 34.7 5,658.3 409.4

Total 209.4 60.1 70.7 33.5 106.7 46.4 85.3 45.5 221.6 65.8 24,297.3 1,043.0

All species groups 9,510.3 525.2 8,969.8 540.6 7,557.5 500.9 6,386.2 489.0 33,686.9 2,316.0 324,868.2 6,807.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 board feet was estimated.

a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood species.
164

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-55—Net board-foot volume (International 1⁄4-inch rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 3,520.0 158.0 4,543.5 216.8 5,579.8 269.4 6,388.7 340.7 6,606.5 390.3 5,489.0 391.5 5,898.3 459.0 5,646.4 398.1

Incense cedar 663.1 44.7 791.4 57.3 855.2 76.9 1,115.5 94.4 1,166.3 112.7 1,069.5 119.4 1,053.3 138.2 1,017.8 116.7

Lodgepole pine 293.4 50.0 372.1 57.7 568.3 92.5 445.4 84.6 643.3 119.7 635.6 136.6 516.0 120.4 479.3 113.3

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,596.1 85.7 2,485.0 131.9 3,384.5 185.3 3,928.0 239.7 4,395.6 274.9 4,620.4 348.5 4,634.2 366.0 4,089.5 299.9

Redwood 465.3 49.7 939.4 96.1 1,053.0 113.0 1,258.7 138.9 1,433.0 191.2 1,663.8 218.6 2,004.4 253.2 1,797.0 240.9

Sitka spruce 27.9 14.0 51.0 29.8 73.0 39.2 86.4 55.5 134.6 86.6 63.2 39.5 104.8 69.2 25.5 16.5

Sugar pine 178.2 20.4 269.6 28.9 292.8 39.7 489.9 67.0 631.0 86.3 837.3 127.1 793.1 128.1 958.3 122.2

True fir 2,557.9 132.0 3,470.4 177.0 4,884.6 267.5 5,152.0 310.0 6,067.0 390.7 5,796.2 377.9 5,474.1 402.5 5,143.5 363.8

Western hemlock 61.6 23.7 81.5 30.9 136.3 53.2 88.7 42.4 55.3 30.8 30.1 27.8 85.5 79.0 5.3 4.9Western juniper 40.6 7.2 53.0 12.7 44.3 11.2 45.6 13.0 67.7 17.5 40.8 14.9 29.2 14.8 48.0 16.6

Western white pine 23.5 5.6 34.0 9.9 63.7 16.3 38.5 14.5 127.1 34.2 126.1 44.0 107.6 42.2 108.4 34.0

Other western softwoods 166.2 29.0 184.1 37.9 257.2 53.7 192.6 44.4 329.7 96.1 429.3 138.6 182.9 72.7 305.5 85.7

Total 9,593.9 243.3 13,275.1 339.1 17,192.9 458.5 19,229.9 553.5 21,657.2 683.1 20,801.2 731.9 20,883.4 800.5 19,624.7 706.2

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 12.1 5.4 36.5 15.3 76.4 33.3 — — 113.4 57.1 92.6 49.6 39.7 14.7

Oak 1,151.7 75.5 944.4 68.5 1,037.0 86.7 906.1 84.4 845.8 91.0 777.3 100.2 725.8 90.6

Red alder 364.9 83.6 204.1 54.6 285.8 89.7 164.8 71.6 181.4 61.8 21.6 19.6 52.8 38.0

Tanoak 1,805.6 143.1 1,690.4 150.4 1,356.7 147.7 1,164.8 154.3 1,165.9 143.4 1,258.2 210.0 721.4 118.1

Other western hardwoods 1,127.4 96.9 1,120.1 126.4 923.4 115.1 845.9 111.4 469.3 80.5 577.3 111.4 328.4 58.2

Total 4,461.7 217.9 3,995.6 225.7 3,679.4 229.8 3,081.5 226.2 2,775.7 205.7 2,726.9 263.1 1,867.9 166.5

All species groups 9,593.9 243.3 17,736.8 412.1 21,188.5 515.5 22,909.3 600.6 24,738.7 724.6 23,577.0 763.0 23,610.3 843.4 21,492.6 727.1
165

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-55—Net board-foot volume (International 1⁄4-inch rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, 

California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 5,600.4 286.1 4,833.9 273.2 5,162.8 311.6 4,835.7 301.2 4,918.5 336.9 4,737.1 346.8 4,761.6 369.2 3,899.3 331.0

Incense cedar 1,103.2 89.1 1,007.6 87.9 835.7 80.6 768.4 81.6 826.5 86.3 745.0 97.8 676.4 91.5 520.9 85.1

Lodgepole pine 387.8 78.3 273.7 66.7 281.8 85.1 143.3 41.2 100.4 31.2 88.5 38.7 83.8 34.2 55.0 28.5Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 3,906.4 223.2 4,072.8 253.8 3,682.3 246.1 3,384.5 255.6 2,900.1 254.5 2,413.8 255.3 2,047.8 211.1 2,117.5 226.1

Redwood 2,217.8 244.8 2,001.1 202.8 1,822.4 216.5 1,741.0 203.8 1,589.9 211.9 1,450.6 193.5 1,212.1 222.5 1,307.6 221.7Sitka spruce 67.3 34.6 38.3 21.8 61.8 38.6 49.5 23.7 50.3 31.4 57.4 48.8 14.9 13.5 37.8 30.1

Sugar pine 1,050.9 91.6 1,125.9 114.1 1,149.8 112.8 1,112.6 128.5 1,194.3 138.4 1,109.4 141.5 899.5 125.0 601.0 108.5

True fir 5,154.2 310.9 5,146.0 324.7 4,638.1 321.7 4,511.6 331.0 3,515.9 293.1 3,551.4 319.2 2,825.2 281.5 3,027.0 341.6Western hemlock 42.0 16.2 42.4 25.9 17.3 11.7 — — — — — — — — — —Western juniper 18.5 5.5 12.5 5.5 10.6 6.2 8.8 4.0 4.8 3.4 7.4 6.0 17.7 12.5 6.5 4.6

Western white pine 93.1 28.2 106.1 27.4 127.7 31.9 100.7 29.8 81.6 32.9 113.0 38.4 124.9 39.5 72.3 35.3

Other western softwoods 235.4 68.4 290.0 82.2 118.9 40.3 146.1 66.9 195.0 57.9 224.2 64.5 136.0 52.5 67.1 28.0

Total 19,876.9 568.9 18,950.2 574.8 17,909.3 600.2 16,802.1 595.8 15,377.2 598.7 14,497.8 636.8 12,799.8 598.5 11,712.0 595.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 34.3 17.9 76.5 42.8 31.1 13.0 32.4 17.2 3.1 3.2 5.1 5.1 — — — —

Oak 529.8 48.7 483.4 47.0 388.4 46.4 364.7 52.9 240.8 49.4 163.2 37.7 175.4 43.8 98.8 31.9

Red alder 13.8 8.7 15.4 10.7 21.1 11.9 10.8 8.7 — — — — — — — —Tanoak 471.8 66.9 419.3 68.5 368.5 83.4 145.5 38.0 80.0 25.1 240.3 73.6 60.5 27.7 25.7 18.5

Other western hardwoods 277.8 37.7 183.7 34.7 208.0 37.4 173.5 41.7 109.7 35.7 100.4 29.0 115.7 42.5 45.5 18.3

Total 1,327.4 95.3 1,178.3 102.3 1,017.1 107.5 726.9 82.2 433.6 66.3 509.0 88.6 351.6 66.8 170.1 44.0

All species groups 21,204.4 579.6 20,128.6 585.3 18,926.4 610.5 17,529.0 602.4 15,810.8 605.6 15,006.8 646.9 13,151.4 607.2 11,882.0 597.1
166

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-55—Net board-foot volume (International 1⁄4-inch rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule Softwoods: Douglas-fir 3,862.6 367.6 3,985.0 374.1 3,588.3 360.3 3,113.9 363.0 18,596.1 1,724.0 115,567.2 4,427.8 Incense cedar 532.6 93.6 502.6 81.8 317.0 73.3 226.4 63.7 1,812.4 286.5 17,606.7 1,009.0

Lodgepole pine 47.9 42.3 33.0 30.1 71.3 36.9 — — — — 5,519.8 758.1Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,487.4 184.4 1,172.7 193.9 985.9 189.8 811.8 169.2 2,621.9 509.0 60,738.3 2,245.0

Redwood 918.3 163.9 859.8 171.4 532.5 126.5 472.8 115.4 4,821.0 1,058.1 31,561.5 2,644.3

Sitka spruce 77.6 51.5 79.7 41.3 — — — — 72.9 66.3 1,173.9 398.4

Sugar pine 949.1 147.1 679.1 131.9 683.7 134.7 597.5 143.0 3,522.8 533.1 19,126.1 1,126.8

True fir 2,008.9 254.5 2,072.4 265.1 1,721.8 253.5 1,454.3 230.0 4,184.5 684.6 82,357.2 3,767.8

Western hemlock — — — — — — — — — — 646.0 260.2

Western juniper 5.2 3.6 — — — — — — 13.0 9.1 474.2 71.6

Western white pine 49.5 25.8 101.2 40.3 25.8 18.5 43.9 32.1 183.6 74.8 1,852.3 284.2

Other western softwoods 46.5 28.3 57.1 29.0 32.5 25.7 — — 131.2 61.0 3,727.4 644.5

Total 9,985.6 554.9 9,542.7 574.9 7,958.8 529.3 6,720.6 515.8 35,959.4 2,479.8 340,350.8 7,231.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — 553.2 236.4

Oak 125.7 45.8 9.6 7.4 35.2 19.9 30.8 25.6 125.1 48.5 9,159.0 452.4Red alder — — — — — — — — — — 1,336.5 298.5Tanoak 88.5 45.1 33.8 26.9 52.9 42.1 60.8 41.0 45.5 45.0 11,256.0 851.5

Other western hardwoods 17.5 13.2 36.7 23.4 32.6 21.6 — — 89.1 38.3 6,781.8 483.3

Total 231.7 65.5 80.1 36.3 120.7 51.3 91.6 48.3 259.7 76.5 29,086.6 1,223.2

All species groups 10,217.3 560.9 9,622.7 576.5 8,079.5 531.6 6,812.2 517.9 36,219.1 2,480.9 369,437.4 7,505.8Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 board feet was estimated.

a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood species.
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Table A2-56—Net board-foot volume (International 1⁄4-inch rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by species group and ownership 

group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 71,215.6 3,778.5 2,491.0 608.0 1,793.7 625.0 19,023.8 1,396.1 21,043.0 1,861.8 40,066.9 2,204.9 115,567.2 4,427.8

Incense cedar 12,128.1 877.9 89.1 68.7 65.9 56.4 3,016.8 342.9 2,306.8 371.4 5,323.6 491.5 17,606.7 1,009.0

Lodgepole pine 4,166.8 660.7 — — 123.1 84.5 498.1 203.1 731.8 311.2 1,229.9 366.6 5,519.8 758.1

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 41,953.9 1,947.5 947.9 250.7 187.2 93.1 8,129.9 720.3 9,519.4 899.1 17,649.3 1,094.9 60,738.3 2,245.0

Redwood 158.3 132.8 — — 2,210.7 764.3 14,424.6 1,664.1 14,768.0 2,099.9 29,192.5 2,533.1 31,561.5 2,644.3Sitka spruce — — — — — — 691.0 283.9 482.9 280.3 1,173.9 398.4 1,173.9 398.4

Sugar pine 14,370.7 1,035.4 207.0 96.2 19.0 19.3 3,369.7 383.0 1,159.8 234.5 4,529.5 434.5 19,126.1 1,126.8

True fir 66,997.9 3,571.5 472.6 298.8 278.6 232.6 10,296.6 1,003.4 4,311.5 634.2 14,608.2 1,140.9 82,357.2 3,767.8

Western hemlock 8.0 7.9 — — 6.8 6.2 486.0 251.5 145.2 67.4 631.2 260.0 646.0 260.2

Western juniper 311.2 56.4 56.4 29.3 — — 10.6 4.8 96.1 32.6 106.7 32.9 474.2 71.6

Western white pine 1,724.1 280.4 — — 24.6 22.0 78.1 36.7 25.5 17.9 103.6 40.5 1,852.3 284.2

Other western softwoods 2,184.4 517.8 37.1 21.8 77.6 46.0 320.6 115.7 1,107.8 363.3 1,428.4 380.6 3,727.4 644.5

Total 215,218.9 5,851.2 4,301.0 829.8 4,787.3 1,207.2 60,345.8 3,050.6 55,697.9 3,470.4 116,043.7 4,145.7 340,350.8 7,231.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 96.5 45.4 15.8 13.0 — — 20.8 18.0 420.1 230.9 440.9 231.6 553.2 236.4

Oak 4,128.2 306.1 168.4 44.8 165.2 75.3 1,347.8 163.7 3,349.5 288.2 4,697.3 324.3 9,159.0 452.4Red alder 105.9 42.0 3.2 3.3 91.8 84.8 955.9 274.5 179.6 71.0 1,135.5 283.2 1,336.5 298.5

Tanoak 2,461.7 378.2 153.2 78.5 268.7 117.1 3,473.5 444.8 4,898.9 643.9 8,372.4 753.7 11,256.0 851.5Other western hardwoods 2,327.1 311.6 143.8 54.8 234.3 112.2 1,260.2 186.7 2,816.4 308.2 4,076.6 351.4 6,781.8 483.3

Total 9,119.5 657.2 484.4 154.0 760.1 211.8 7,058.1 623.1 11,664.5 877.3 18,722.6 1,013.3 29,086.6 1,223.2

All species groups 224,338.3 5,974.0 4,785.4 905.8 5,547.3 1,329.8 67,403.9 3,229.5 67,362.4 3,863.4 134,766.4 4,445.0 369,437.4 7,505.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 board feet was estimated.a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood species.
168

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-57—Average net board-foot volume per acre (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Board feet per acre, Scribner rule Softwoods: California mixed conifer 28,076.81 829.78 24,192.44 3,654.29 21,033.41 7,992.50 14,190.95 848.54 15,989.28 1,113.83 14,737.77 678.50 23,642.81 606.68 Douglas-fir 41,494.23 5,449.40 13,012.99 1,406.60 30,104.43 12,981.03 19,395.82 2,102.81 25,232.16 3,177.25 22,226.88 1,905.30 27,757.21 2,079.47 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 31,373.62 1,771.87 44,507.62 44,507.62 42,439.28 42,439.28 15,998.91 2,117.63 13,234.10 3,381.68 15,285.75 1,795.72 27,797.91 1,477.39

Lodgepole pine 14,400.11 2,029.48 — — 9,389.87 3,401.18 10,405.76 2,843.23 13,391.50 2,556.81 12,279.99 1,988.34 13,688.41 1,569.82Pinyon/juniper woodlands 3,214.74 1,152.68 — — — — — — 10,271.45 10,271.45 10,271.45 10,271.45 3,448.98 1,341.07

Ponderosa pine 11,137.24 862.45 7,778.58 1,824.36 9,943.37 258.22 7,495.95 1,057.41 12,022.34 1,129.62 9,811.00 791.69 10,566.17 600.60

Redwood — — — — 59,799.81 6,830.28 32,386.87 3,683.85 59,378.28 5,434.99 42,770.55 3,382.21 43,374.34 3,289.36Western juniper 3,965.72 786.85 3,677.39 654.41 — — — — 3,003.71 541.48 3,003.71 541.48 3,699.63 525.24

Western white pine 9,560.40 3,291.79 — — — — — — — — — — 8,038.48 3,074.61Other western softwoods 7,621.53 3,556.57 5,573.79 5,573.79 — — 22,506.20 3,984.26 37,548.50 11,333.46 29,476.99 5,838.44 22,123.45 4,580.22

Total 25,164.33 625.63 16,477.79 2,732.70 31,263.19 6,435.16 16,435.54 762.23 22,134.78 1,338.57 18,627.30 687.91 22,610.13 461.62

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 18,069.35 3,777.06 8,920.59 4,063.09 21,673.46 7,890.67 17,649.29 3,555.26 15,230.01 3,778.78 16,674.64 2,634.86 16,543.90 2,169.23

Aspen/birch 4,196.76 2,439.53 — — — — 8,985.34 8,985.34 4,442.48 1,575.04 5,451.52 1,665.15 4,714.50 1,579.97

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 20,217.35 20,217.35 19,489.61 762.14 18,938.74 1,092.72Tanoak/laurel 22,306.64 2,485.41 16,172.07 6,509.40 37,995.80 4,553.12 12,535.33 1,085.05 19,308.82 1,899.63 15,965.52 1,128.33 17,846.37 1,033.47

Western oak 8,246.64 605.89 8,270.77 2,567.14 10,207.64 4,527.58 6,450.13 638.56 7,062.75 577.46 6,860.59 440.61 7,554.21 369.27

Woodland hardwoods 2,237.79 491.93 — — — — — — 857.03 857.03 368.59 275.23 1,988.79 448.63

Other hardwoods 14,461.80 4,925.48 17,001.81 17,001.81 32,216.35 29,917.00 9,564.02 2,682.11 10,317.57 2,308.29 10,083.41 1,792.46 12,427.57 2,536.12

Total 11,675.90 824.97 10,337.19 2,359.62 25,937.62 6,097.61 10,450.58 711.67 12,115.52 855.81 11,433.97 580.54 11,691.15 474.65

Nonstocked 587.61 150.41 297.58 318.68 — — 417.37 184.85 208.07 131.29 367.06 144.01 519.18 113.74

All forest types 21,761.00 524.40 12,733.63 1,777.00 29,128.61 4,605.28 14,322.26 575.52 17,113.77 818.78 15,602.01 480.12 18,967.00 355.42

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 board feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood species.
169

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Table A2-58—Average net board-foot volume per acre (Scribner rule) of sawtimber treesa on timberland, by 

forest type group and stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Board feet per acre, Scribner rule

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 25,558.08 634.04 2,360.21 381.13 1,524.66 297.79 23,642.81 606.68

Douglas-fir 31,221.05 2,265.16 5,375.71 1,008.49 4,630.75 1,842.87 27,757.21 2,079.47

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 29,324.54 1,517.70 2,446.58 569.98 2,087.03 604.41 27,797.91 1,477.39

Lodgepole pine 15,472.27 1,744.23 6,757.30 1,854.88 199.34 172.20 13,688.41 1,569.82

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 3,448.98 1,341.07 — — — — 3,448.98 1,341.07

Ponderosa pine 12,452.07 664.11 807.16 218.63 520.82 199.61 10,566.17 600.60

Redwood 47,229.38 3,408.61 1,585.99 579.83 1,270.83 555.07 43,374.34 3,289.36

Western juniper 4,479.47 579.50 935.13 662.94 621.88 482.70 3,699.63 525.24

Western white pine 17,340.76 1,547.89 338.44 338.44 2,402.99 1,698.14 8,038.48 3,074.61

Other western softwoods 25,903.85 4,990.31 — — — — 22,123.45 4,580.22

Total 24,948.30 493.49 2,271.73 285.20 1,604.39 277.22 22,610.13 461.62

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 21,612.85 2,389.25 6,646.26 2,195.55 4,271.70 518.83 16,543.90 2,169.23

Aspen/birch 9,775.23 1,452.35 4,931.88 1,655.57 1,229.54 836.58 4,714.50 1,579.97

Elm/ash/cottonwood 20,217.35 20,217.35 — — — — 18,938.74 1,092.72

Tanoak/laurel 23,788.13 1,304.42 7,048.59 659.14 2,554.34 729.75 17,846.37 1,033.47

Western oak 10,336.33 490.47 3,786.68 437.61 1,482.87 363.48 7,554.21 369.27

Woodland hardwoods 2,489.31 567.75 565.44 256.22 806.14 281.93 1,988.79 448.63

Other hardwoods 23,311.81 4,095.86 3,899.83 1,443.17 655.93 250.36 12,427.57 2,536.12

Total 16,280.94 657.75 4,902.96 365.19 1,709.24 290.78 11,691.15 474.65

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 519.18 113.74

 

All forest types 23,079.40 414.84 4,112.69 279.87 1,652.00 201.03 18,967.00 355.42

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 board feet per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Includes sawtimber-sized trees that are ≥9 inches diameter at breast height for softwood species and ≥11 inches diameter at breast height for hardwood 

species.
170

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-59—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons USDA Forest Service: National forest 838,482.2 19,323.0 70,108.1 4,970.9 908,590.4 19,185.3 235,943.9 13,930.2 33,515.0 3,779.1 269,458.9 14,316.3 1,178,049.2 19,040.2 Total 838,482.2 19,323.0 70,108.1 4,970.9 908,590.4 19,185.3 235,943.9 13,930.2 33,515.0 3,779.1 269,458.9 14,316.3 1,178,049.2 19,040.2 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 22,926.6 4,017.3 13,865.7 1,902.8 36,792.3 4,386.4 1,978.8 1,024.0 2,111.6 492.8 4,090.4 1,126.5 40,882.6 4,509.2 Departments of Defense or Energy 323.1 354.6 1,749.4 605.1 2,072.5 701.4 — — — — — — 2,072.5 701.4

National Park Service — — — — — — 120,818.1 12,694.6 11,296.9 2,045.3 132,115.0 12,588.1 132,115.0 12,588.1U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service — — — — — — 120.0 147.5 5.2 5.3 125.2 147.6 125.2 147.6

Other federal — — 1,604.4 691.8 1,604.4 691.8 2,771.2 2,009.7 640.0 576.3 3,411.2 2,088.2 5,015.6 2,199.8

Total 23,249.7 4,032.9 17,219.4 2,089.7 40,469.2 4,462.8 125,688.1 12,846.6 14,053.7 2,168.0 139,741.8 12,732.3 180,211.0 13,214.6

State and local government:

Local 5,986.2 2,390.5 9,834.2 2,086.6 15,820.4 3,178.6 3,421.0 2,176.1 4,611.0 1,413.0 8,032.0 2,593.3 23,852.4 4,066.8

State 15,076.5 4,115.4 3,365.7 1,100.4 18,442.1 4,248.2 65,240.6 14,997.0 9,702.3 2,718.9 74,942.9 15,223.5 93,385.0 15,406.1Other public — — 55.3 50.3 55.3 50.3 982.8 874.6 95.5 91.5 1,078.4 879.3 1,133.7 880.8

Total 21,062.6 4,731.8 13,255.2 2,352.0 34,317.9 5,266.5 69,644.4 15,168.9 14,408.8 3,061.6 84,053.3 15,449.0 118,371.1 15,908.0

Corporate private 295,622.1 12,039.6 16,951.7 2,315.7 312,573.8 12,195.6 — — — — — — 312,573.8 12,195.6Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental 

conservation or natural resource organizations 19,196.1 3,292.9 1,793.1 700.9 20,989.2 3,365.7 — — — — — — 20,989.2 3,365.7

Unicorporated partnerships, 

associations, clubs 7,736.7 2,339.1 1,063.4 415.2 8,800.1 2,395.1 — — — — — — 8,800.1 2,395.1

Native American 18,193.1 4,393.8 1,159.6 572.8 19,352.7 4,414.4 — — — — — — 19,352.7 4,414.4

Individual 254,191.5 13,197.0 143,739.7 6,554.3 397,931.2 14,088.2 — — — — — — 397,931.2 14,088.2

Total 299,317.5 14,107.0 147,755.8 6,604.8 447,073.3 14,915.2 — — — — — — 447,073.3 14,915.2

All private 594,939.6 15,407.5 164,707.5 6,844.9 759,647.1 15,633.8 — — — — — — 759,647.1 15,633.8

All owners 1,477,734.2 24,925.2 265,290.3 8,899.6 1,743,024.5 24,947.5 431,276.4 23,292.6 61,977.5 5,319.6 493,254.0 23,628.9 2,236,278.5 29,466.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
171

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Table A2-60—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 100,491.1 4,417.9 6,618.1 757.1 107,109.2 4,449.7 38,647.4 3,109.3 4,399.0 694.9 43,046.4 3,171.0 150,155.5 5,065.5

Total 100,491.1 4,417.9 6,618.1 757.1 107,109.2 4,449.7 38,647.4 3,109.3 4,399.0 694.9 43,046.4 3,171.0 150,155.5 5,065.5

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land 

Management 1,615.1 559.4 1,441.6 267.2 3,056.8 618.4 347.0 280.2 200.3 66.3 547.3 287.9 3,604.0 679.3

Departments of Defense or 

Energy — — 47.8 34.9 47.8 34.9 — — — — — — 47.8 34.9

National Park Service — — — — — — 20,848.6 2,712.9 1,290.2 294.1 22,138.8 2,693.6 22,138.8 2,693.6Other federal — — 19.9 14.7 19.9 14.7 537.7 498.6 25.2 22.0 562.8 498.9 582.8 499.1

Total 1,615.1 559.4 1,509.3 269.6 3,124.5 619.2 21,733.3 2,754.2 1,515.6 301.7 23,248.9 2,734.0 26,373.4 2,787.2

State and local government:

Local 500.2 294.7 363.6 142.6 863.8 327.3 299.4 211.4 59.6 31.4 358.9 213.7 1,222.8 390.3State 753.0 285.2 102.7 46.1 855.6 288.8 4,954.7 1,150.6 664.2 228.7 5,618.9 1,168.3 6,474.5 1,185.2

Other public — — — — — — 15.5 13.8 4.2 4.8 19.8 14.7 19.8 14.7

Total 1,253.2 409.9 466.3 149.7 1,719.4 436.2 5,269.6 1,168.0 728.1 230.9 5,997.7 1,185.6 7,717.1 1,245.4

Corporate private 24,731.1 2,408.5 569.8 124.5 25,300.9 2,410.6 — — — — — — 25,300.9 2,410.6

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental 

conservation or natural resource organizations 1,091.9 365.0 18.4 12.7 1,110.3 365.2 — — — — — — 1,110.3 365.2

Unicorporated partnerships, 

associations, clubs 391.9 195.7 95.5 83.4 487.3 212.7 — — — — — — 487.3 212.7

Native American 1,325.6 548.9 33.5 25.3 1,359.1 548.4 — — — — — — 1,359.1 548.4

Individual 15,216.1 1,820.3 5,403.8 568.3 20,619.9 1,898.7 — — — — — — 20,619.9 1,898.7

Total 18,025.5 1,937.3 5,551.2 574.7 23,576.7 2,011.6 — — — — — — 23,576.7 2,011.6

All private 42,756.6 3,002.8 6,120.9 586.3 48,877.5 3,041.4 — — — — — — 48,877.5 3,041.4

All owners 146,116.0 5,375.9 14,714.6 1,004.4 160,830.6 5,429.7 65,650.3 4,277.3 6,642.6 791.8 72,292.9 4,313.3 233,123.5 6,574.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
172

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-61—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Alameda 545.4 469.2 3,970.4 1,220.7 4,515.8 1,305.4 — — 847.3 517.9 847.3 517.9 5,363.1 1,404.2 Alpine 7,007.6 1,960.6 1,452.8 552.9 8,460.3 2,036.4 11,830.4 2,791.6 1,464.3 568.3 13,294.7 2,840.6 21,755.0 3,457.3 Amador 9,470.6 2,747.0 3,253.6 1,002.9 12,724.2 2,916.6 1,217.2 802.1 46.4 46.9 1,263.6 803.5 13,987.8 3,024.4 Butte 39,614.1 5,751.8 6,614.4 1,817.1 46,228.5 6,018.6 — — 522.2 386.0 522.2 386.0 46,750.7 6,030.6 Calaveras 19,527.8 3,879.6 6,335.1 1,240.7 25,862.9 4,047.9 1,215.2 1,238.0 — — 1,215.2 1,238.0 27,078.1 4,232.4 Colusa 2,945.1 1,298.9 2,404.1 602.2 5,349.3 1,430.1 — — 27.0 25.7 27.0 25.7 5,376.2 1,430.3 Contra Costa — — 1,737.0 795.7 1,737.0 795.7 13.5 14.5 1,048.4 697.9 1,061.9 698.0 2,799.0 1,055.5 Del Norte 52,132.1 6,563.5 1,519.0 744.7 53,651.1 6,586.4 27,915.5 12,934.0 24.7 31.2 27,940.2 12,934.0 81,591.3 14,307.1

El Dorado 61,408.7 6,766.7 6,193.8 1,537.5 67,602.5 6,894.2 5,139.4 2,750.8 895.0 447.5 6,034.4 2,786.5 73,636.9 7,317.4Fresno 28,488.6 4,710.6 6,746.7 1,114.7 35,235.3 4,841.1 38,133.6 5,763.8 6,760.5 1,501.4 44,894.1 5,909.4 80,129.4 7,262.2

Glenn 8,638.4 2,738.8 3,860.8 1,291.7 12,499.2 3,011.3 196.6 206.6 — — 196.6 206.6 12,695.8 3,016.4

Humboldt 177,495.2 12,008.3 8,932.8 2,887.7 186,428.0 12,237.7 51,078.3 11,658.5 — — 51,078.3 11,658.5 237,506.3 15,823.1Imperial — — 78.9 36.0 78.9 36.0 — — 99.9 102.5 99.9 102.5 178.8 108.6

Inyo 649.0 439.3 2,074.3 446.9 2,723.3 622.5 259.1 181.1 2,954.9 548.3 3,214.0 576.7 5,937.3 816.3

Kern 6,910.7 1,643.5 10,394.0 1,556.1 17,304.7 2,259.5 — — 964.6 407.3 964.6 407.3 18,269.3 2,290.9

Lake 14,144.8 2,909.5 3,520.4 944.7 17,665.1 3,051.3 846.0 651.1 604.2 459.9 1,450.2 797.2 19,115.3 3,149.7Lassen 38,473.2 3,819.3 4,373.5 608.4 42,846.7 3,861.6 2,921.6 1,307.4 — — 2,921.6 1,307.4 45,768.4 4,057.7

Los Angeles 2,528.2 1,028.5 3,515.4 929.1 6,043.6 1,375.2 330.3 311.3 554.2 307.9 884.4 437.7 6,928.0 1,429.5

Madera 27,475.0 5,061.3 6,753.9 1,318.2 34,228.8 5,217.8 18,408.5 4,508.5 803.2 421.0 19,211.8 4,525.2 53,440.6 6,787.4

Marin 4,332.9 2,543.8 1,279.7 517.7 5,612.6 2,593.8 3,851.6 2,342.8 557.3 363.9 4,408.9 2,364.0 10,021.5 3,508.5

Mariposa 10,009.3 2,742.1 8,233.4 1,794.3 18,242.7 3,258.5 22,607.3 4,417.8 831.9 399.4 23,439.1 4,415.3 41,681.9 5,486.8

Mendocino 129,619.4 9,578.4 24,128.1 3,653.4 153,747.6 10,098.2 4,141.3 2,141.1 4,309.2 2,480.2 8,450.5 3,273.1 162,198.1 10,575.0

Merced — — 558.2 342.3 558.2 342.3 — — 51.8 53.2 51.8 53.2 610.0 346.5

Modoc 23,985.3 2,877.5 6,620.3 798.0 30,605.5 2,977.1 2,971.0 1,567.7 205.0 152.4 3,176.0 1,574.8 33,781.5 3,347.5

Mono 7,687.1 1,601.5 8,337.0 1,437.6 16,024.1 2,117.3 785.2 421.1 1,341.2 503.0 2,126.4 654.3 18,150.4 2,198.1

Monterey 4,499.9 2,587.8 12,839.4 2,194.0 17,339.3 3,384.6 5,144.3 3,653.0 5,006.5 1,827.2 10,150.7 4,182.1 27,490.1 5,365.9

Napa 5,587.9 1,867.7 5,813.9 1,776.3 11,401.8 2,467.9 — — 299.3 261.8 299.3 261.8 11,701.1 2,481.7

Nevada 26,995.5 4,271.1 1,949.0 673.3 28,944.5 4,311.9 167.5 170.6 101.6 92.5 269.0 194.0 29,213.5 4,322.8

Orange — — 170.0 103.2 170.0 103.2 — — 58.9 44.8 58.9 44.8 228.8 112.5

Placer 42,971.2 5,985.8 8,054.6 2,013.5 51,025.8 6,292.5 2,234.6 1,024.3 131.9 94.0 2,366.5 1,027.8 53,392.3 6,367.1

Plumas 105,778.8 8,148.6 826.8 319.4 106,605.6 8,156.3 5,010.4 2,360.2 — — 5,010.4 2,360.2 111,616.0 8,388.2
173

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Riverside 1,123.2 644.1 320.9 164.7 1,444.0 664.6 1,261.3 692.0 43.0 21.6 1,304.3 692.4 2,748.4 958.8Sacramento — — 149.5 134.7 149.5 134.7 — — — — — — 149.5 134.7

San Benito 1,360.2 1,066.8 2,742.2 761.8 4,102.4 1,310.6 — — — — — — 4,102.4 1,310.6

San Bernardino 5,485.4 1,648.2 4,554.0 1,168.7 10,039.4 2,008.0 2,364.1 1,111.0 814.6 348.7 3,178.7 1,161.3 13,218.1 2,291.5

San Diego 127.9 94.5 2,631.2 787.2 2,759.1 792.4 683.9 690.5 305.3 217.9 989.3 723.4 3,748.4 1,072.8

San Joaquin 1,451.1 894.9 177.7 154.3 1,628.8 908.1 — — — — — — 1,628.8 908.1

San Luis Obispo 531.8 468.4 12,064.3 2,067.6 12,596.2 2,109.6 — — 1,942.5 1,409.2 1,942.5 1,409.2 14,538.7 2,519.8

San Mateo 5,941.0 2,532.4 1,190.7 638.4 7,131.7 2,611.6 3,421.0 2,176.1 611.2 620.7 4,032.1 2,262.9 11,163.9 3,632.5

Santa Barbara 1,097.7 627.8 6,795.2 1,503.2 7,892.9 1,649.5 529.6 315.4 1,810.1 822.8 2,339.7 878.4 10,232.6 1,865.3

Santa Clara 2,834.8 1,476.2 8,531.9 1,660.3 11,366.7 2,167.1 — — 2,782.2 875.0 2,782.2 875.0 14,148.8 2,363.6

Santa Cruz 20,206.4 4,170.9 524.9 358.6 20,731.3 4,185.3 10,993.0 4,585.3 719.8 733.3 11,712.8 4,638.7 32,444.1 6,245.7

Shasta 90,465.9 7,273.4 12,978.8 1,906.1 103,444.8 7,453.4 11,818.6 2,676.0 2,532.3 1,164.3 14,350.9 2,886.7 117,795.6 7,855.4

Sierra 39,617.0 5,731.1 — — 39,617.0 5,731.1 116.3 118.5 — — 116.3 118.5 39,733.2 5,732.8

Siskiyou 177,200.7 10,758.9 8,396.3 1,780.8 185,597.1 10,852.0 39,373.7 6,388.8 623.9 383.1 39,997.6 6,414.3 225,594.7 11,872.0Solano — — 857.0 431.2 857.0 431.2 — — — — — — 857.0 431.2

Sonoma 37,672.3 6,671.8 5,829.0 1,370.5 43,501.3 6,770.0 4,310.5 2,774.0 1,755.2 864.6 6,065.7 2,905.1 49,567.0 7,347.5

Stanislaus — — 1,663.6 458.3 1,663.6 458.3 — — 271.2 209.0 271.2 209.0 1,934.8 503.7

Sutter — — 1,332.2 736.8 1,332.2 736.8 — — — — — — 1,332.2 736.8

Tehama 38,360.1 5,525.1 8,075.4 1,150.3 46,435.5 5,629.5 4,807.4 1,968.7 919.6 461.0 5,727.0 2,019.5 52,162.5 5,931.3Trinity 124,783.1 10,052.3 5,976.0 1,506.5 130,759.1 10,127.8 49,126.7 6,126.0 3,142.2 1,297.4 52,269.0 6,243.8 183,028.1 11,200.5Tulare 14,314.9 3,228.0 5,095.1 1,100.3 19,409.9 3,394.4 59,825.8 7,689.1 10,558.9 2,167.4 70,384.7 7,895.0 89,794.6 8,411.8

Tuolumne 42,053.0 5,897.8 6,487.2 1,616.2 48,540.2 6,080.5 35,296.9 5,878.0 1,400.3 894.6 36,697.2 5,918.5 85,237.4 8,450.7

Ventura 122.1 86.1 2,551.3 712.0 2,673.4 716.8 929.3 488.3 910.2 474.9 1,839.5 679.9 4,512.9 977.5

Yolo — — 1,410.0 487.7 1,410.0 487.7 — — — — — — 1,410.0 487.7

Yuba 14,064.0 3,704.6 2,414.6 916.2 16,478.6 3,820.9 — — 323.8 247.6 323.8 247.6 16,802.4 3,828.9

All counties 1,477,734.2 24,925.2 265,290.3 8,899.6 1,743,024.5 24,947.5 431,276.4 23,292.6 61,977.5 5,319.6 493,254.0 23,628.9 2,236,278.5 29,466.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, Table A2-61—Aboveground biomass of live treesbark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.

a on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
174

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-62—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousands tons Alameda — — 205.4 104.5 205.4 104.5 — — — — — — 205.4 104.5 Alpine 1,303.6 505.0 99.8 64.8 1,403.5 509.0 1,502.1 387.0 104.2 50.8 1,606.3 389.5 3,009.8 637.6 Amador 1,187.8 529.7 40.1 18.4 1,227.9 530.0 278.9 177.5 — — 278.9 177.5 1,506.8 556.9 Butte 2,931.3 724.6 229.9 93.9 3,161.2 730.4 — — 19.9 18.7 19.9 18.7 3,181.1 730.7 Calaveras 1,420.5 444.6 289.4 83.9 1,710.0 451.9 22.1 22.5 — — 22.1 22.5 1,732.0 452.4 Colusa 139.4 67.2 223.7 94.3 363.1 115.7 — — — — — — 363.1 115.7 Contra Costa — — 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.3 7.1 7.7 — — 7.1 7.7 10.4 8.4

Del Norte 6,100.9 1,326.9 176.2 91.0 6,277.0 1,329.2 1,783.7 588.3 5.0 6.3 1,788.7 588.3 8,065.7 1,433.9

El Dorado 6,205.6 930.4 188.4 95.6 6,394.0 934.0 1,239.1 701.1 180.6 102.4 1,419.7 708.5 7,813.7 1,147.6

Fresno 2,841.1 651.3 419.0 181.2 3,260.1 674.9 4,394.4 753.3 770.8 208.3 5,165.3 776.3 8,425.4 1,001.5

Glenn 1,168.7 522.3 134.7 69.9 1,303.4 526.5 50.5 53.0 — — 50.5 53.0 1,353.9 529.1

Humboldt 19,893.6 2,795.2 214.3 76.7 20,107.9 2,795.1 6,155.8 1,911.1 — — 6,155.8 1,911.1 26,263.8 3,313.3

Imperial — — 34.6 25.7 34.6 25.7 — — 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.3 38.8 26.1

Inyo 144.5 87.7 336.0 102.5 480.5 134.4 85.5 84.6 430.6 137.7 516.1 161.3 996.7 206.2

Kern 1,214.8 530.4 718.6 287.9 1,933.3 600.1 — — 188.1 95.5 188.1 95.5 2,121.4 607.3

Lake 1,129.5 365.7 288.8 109.8 1,418.3 380.9 1.1 1.1 22.4 15.6 23.6 15.7 1,441.9 380.9

Lassen 3,491.7 584.5 624.8 214.1 4,116.5 622.0 531.2 317.7 — — 531.2 317.7 4,647.7 697.1

Los Angeles 456.2 264.5 93.5 35.8 549.7 266.7 46.8 45.5 104.0 76.9 150.8 89.2 700.5 280.5Madera 2,953.1 930.1 211.3 84.6 3,164.3 933.7 3,339.9 1,037.3 144.9 96.9 3,484.8 1,041.4 6,649.2 1,386.4

Marin 552.3 331.7 29.5 15.6 581.8 332.0 395.6 293.6 — — 395.6 293.6 977.4 443.2

Mariposa 770.9 254.7 246.8 87.1 1,017.7 269.0 5,004.3 1,158.6 193.7 118.0 5,198.0 1,159.4 6,215.7 1,189.7Mendocino 8,215.5 961.1 640.4 184.5 8,855.9 976.3 580.5 487.0 149.2 82.4 729.7 493.9 9,585.6 1,092.9

Modoc 2,617.0 560.1 270.4 70.5 2,887.4 564.1 538.8 345.3 15.3 15.4 554.1 345.6 3,441.6 659.4

Mono 573.5 203.4 1,370.4 329.8 1,943.9 383.3 157.9 145.9 114.0 70.0 271.8 161.8 2,215.7 415.3

Monterey 179.5 107.5 457.6 154.5 637.1 188.0 33.0 26.3 846.7 474.4 879.7 475.1 1,516.8 510.4

Napa 253.5 118.8 90.0 40.6 343.6 125.2 — — 14.2 11.4 14.2 11.4 357.7 125.7

Nevada 2,331.4 564.5 26.5 23.1 2,357.9 565.0 — — 8.0 7.3 8.0 7.3 2,366.0 565.0

Orange — — 33.1 30.1 33.1 30.1 — — — — — — 33.1 30.1

Placer 4,444.9 850.0 353.0 138.0 4,797.8 859.7 317.4 172.8 23.8 19.1 341.2 173.8 5,139.1 876.0

Plumas 15,301.2 2,002.0 151.9 78.1 15,453.0 2,008.9 839.3 529.3 — — 839.3 529.3 16,292.3 2,064.5
175

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousands tons

Riverside 20.9 19.0 282.8 230.5 303.7 231.3 95.2 80.5 14.9 12.1 110.2 81.4 413.9 245.2

San Benito — — 84.9 38.6 84.9 38.6 — — — — — — 84.9 38.6

San Bernardino 1,436.4 530.2 469.4 142.5 1,905.8 547.9 756.5 449.0 370.4 152.8 1,126.9 473.2 3,032.7 716.8

San Diego 303.1 270.1 424.1 163.6 727.2 315.0 476.8 398.9 274.4 179.3 751.2 436.6 1,478.4 538.4

San Luis Obispo — — 233.0 89.3 233.0 89.3 — — 23.0 20.5 23.0 20.5 256.0 91.6

San Mateo 197.1 115.5 — — 197.1 115.5 299.4 211.4 18.2 18.5 317.6 212.2 514.7 238.5

Santa Barbara 25.3 24.3 417.0 158.6 442.4 161.8 104.0 102.9 24.7 15.0 128.7 103.9 571.0 192.1

Santa Clara 66.7 51.0 315.7 125.3 382.4 135.1 — — 73.7 37.4 73.7 37.4 456.1 140.1

Santa Cruz 781.5 266.4 — — 781.5 266.4 176.2 93.0 — — 176.2 93.0 957.7 282.1

Shasta 5,164.0 680.1 672.5 191.6 5,836.5 704.1 1,111.5 415.3 90.9 71.6 1,202.4 419.7 7,038.9 815.4

Sierra 4,856.4 919.3 99.8 95.1 4,956.2 924.0 — — — — — — 4,956.2 924.0

Siskiyou 20,590.2 2,592.2 873.3 358.7 21,463.4 2,613.9 7,060.8 1,460.4 101.3 58.6 7,162.1 1,461.3 28,625.6 2,914.8

Solano — — 19.0 16.9 19.0 16.9 — — — — — — 19.0 16.9

Sonoma 1,287.7 302.8 93.5 40.1 1,381.1 304.6 566.1 409.8 120.8 109.7 686.9 423.9 2,068.0 521.7

Stanislaus — — 40.4 34.3 40.4 34.3 — — 20.7 15.9 20.7 15.9 61.1 37.8

Tehama 4,230.8 878.4 792.7 389.0 5,023.6 959.9 584.3 307.7 100.7 72.1 684.9 315.5 5,708.5 1,004.4

Trinity 10,762.3 1,243.7 515.5 178.9 11,277.8 1,253.8 9,233.2 1,625.8 63.4 36.3 9,296.5 1,626.0 20,574.3 1,982.7

Tulare 2,939.1 1,028.5 553.6 198.5 3,492.8 1,046.6 9,697.4 1,528.4 1,780.6 424.3 11,477.9 1,571.5 14,970.7 1,863.5

Tuolumne 4,889.5 1,083.8 345.1 109.0 5,234.6 1,087.8 7,698.0 1,884.0 105.2 83.8 7,803.3 1,884.6 13,037.9 2,174.8

Ventura — — 153.1 54.1 153.1 54.1 485.7 430.8 120.3 115.0 606.0 445.2 759.1 448.1

Yolo — — 68.7 48.6 68.7 48.6 — — — — — — 68.7 48.6

Yuba 742.9 355.4 59.2 27.2 802.1 356.4 — — — — — — 802.1 356.4

All counties 146,116.0 5,375.9 14,714.6 1,004.4 160,830.6 5,429.7 65,650.3 4,277.3 6,642.6 791.8 72,292.9 4,313.3 233,123.5 6,574.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, Table A2-62—Aboveground biomass of dead treesbark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.

a on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
176

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-63—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: California mixed conifer 575,845.8 18,029.9 54,125.0 7,133.8 9,786.0 3,104.0 95,932.9 6,817.1 46,994.7 5,003.0 142,927.6 7,831.7 782,684.4 20,988.5 Douglas-fir 53,793.9 6,715.7 5,373.3 2,423.0 8,098.1 3,063.0 32,729.9 4,757.2 35,718.1 5,735.7 68,448.0 7,204.9 135,713.2 10,525.1 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 189,090.1 13,417.9 27,060.6 5,384.7 1,967.8 1,295.5 18,029.8 3,329.4 4,975.1 1,631.0 23,004.9 3,653.9 241,123.4 14,970.3 Lodgepole pine 41,695.4 4,373.8 17,689.0 3,215.4 573.3 424.0 1,666.7 847.7 2,481.0 1,044.0 4,147.7 1,340.1 64,105.4 5,602.4 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 8,223.4 895.4 4,407.0 526.3 477.4 206.1 121.1 70.1 794.8 261.9 915.9 271.1 14,023.7 1,095.6

Ponderosa pine 59,784.2 4,828.0 3,198.5 943.2 319.7 171.7 12,065.4 1,925.9 19,344.6 2,652.5 31,410.1 3,204.9 94,712.4 5,873.8Redwood 6,010.3 3,948.6 22,545.1 9,623.0 41,069.9 14,215.7 43,056.3 6,511.9 46,387.7 8,219.6 89,444.0 10,133.4 159,069.3 19,283.5

Western juniper 12,331.2 1,439.3 3,663.1 576.5 545.1 537.7 272.9 121.8 3,159.1 484.4 3,432.0 498.0 19,971.4 1,712.9

Western white pine 6,357.8 1,587.4 646.4 387.3 — — — — — — — — 7,004.2 1,634.0

Other western softwoods 6,795.6 1,215.4 3,713.8 1,059.7 555.6 508.8 3,719.3 1,554.8 4,711.1 2,187.5 8,430.3 2,678.5 19,495.2 3,167.4

Total 959,927.7 19,838.6 142,421.7 12,847.4 63,392.9 14,658.1 207,594.2 10,660.5 164,566.3 11,565.0 372,160.5 14,323.9 1,537,902.7 29,838.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 3,599.5 1,340.2 3,080.8 1,479.4 2,464.5 1,364.2 6,621.3 2,054.6 5,339.3 1,753.5 11,960.6 2,691.3 21,105.5 3,602.9

Aspen/birch 1,096.1 501.6 66.4 56.3 44.1 44.9 306.5 326.2 295.6 207.5 602.1 386.6 1,808.7 637.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood 247.7 261.1 — — 357.3 269.3 — — 1,704.6 908.1 1,704.6 908.1 2,309.6 982.5

Tanoak/laurel 61,489.5 7,606.1 6,357.4 2,379.0 23,144.1 5,372.1 52,843.3 6,051.3 79,910.9 8,233.8 132,754.2 9,655.2 223,745.2 13,438.1

Western oak 137,926.9 7,921.8 26,622.3 3,624.0 22,167.1 2,859.2 40,752.9 4,086.3 182,501.5 7,454.7 223,254.4 8,234.6 409,970.7 12,117.8

Woodland hardwoods 3,711.6 689.7 836.0 229.0 529.9 297.0 98.3 85.4 920.5 339.4 1,018.8 350.0 6,096.2 860.1

Other hardwoods 8,814.7 2,797.6 691.8 655.8 6,271.3 2,657.5 4,112.1 1,641.6 11,760.4 2,494.2 15,872.5 2,974.5 31,650.3 5,040.0

Total 216,886.0 10,985.6 37,654.6 4,590.4 54,978.3 6,714.8 104,734.4 7,571.8 282,432.9 10,986.8 387,167.4 12,190.5 696,686.3 17,765.6

Nonstocked 1,235.5 270.0 134.7 81.2 — — 245.2 90.3 74.1 44.3 319.3 100.5 1,689.5 299.2

All forest types 1,178,049.2 19,040.2 180,211.0 13,214.6 118,371.1 15,908.0 312,573.8 12,195.6 447,073.3 14,915.2 759,647.1 15,633.8 2,236,278.5 29,466.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
177

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-64—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

USDA Forest Service Other federal

State and local 

government

Private

Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 67,043.9 3,235.3 9,449.8 1,539.3 1,055.1 610.1 6,336.8 701.9 2,741.5 588.6 9,078.3 895.3 86,627.1 3,736.2

Douglas-fir 5,811.2 1,029.1 459.1 291.8 639.5 395.9 2,246.1 714.8 2,416.3 586.2 4,662.4 916.7 11,572.2 1,462.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 28,779.6 2,770.1 6,104.2 1,638.7 424.2 324.0 1,511.1 462.0 809.3 399.9 2,320.4 600.7 37,628.4 3,289.8

Lodgepole pine 4,946.8 676.6 2,451.9 586.7 88.4 72.4 251.4 149.1 441.3 231.5 692.8 274.5 8,179.9 939.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 832.1 125.1 663.1 162.3 41.4 22.5 5.2 5.6 150.9 67.7 156.1 67.9 1,692.7 216.2

Ponderosa pine 3,210.0 470.4 293.8 167.9 23.4 22.8 474.6 116.6 434.2 106.3 908.8 156.2 4,435.9 523.8

Redwood 9.0 6.9 2,495.1 1,567.2 1,839.6 651.2 5,704.8 1,588.8 4,935.0 1,544.1 10,639.8 2,196.9 14,983.5 2,730.1

Western juniper 1,052.2 248.7 221.7 77.5 89.9 91.6 15.2 12.1 234.5 79.8 249.7 80.7 1,613.5 287.6

Western white pine 1,206.1 350.4 148.4 98.3 — — 4.1 4.0 — — 4.1 4.0 1,358.5 364.0

Other western softwoods 1,354.5 368.8 536.0 205.9 55.5 35.2 1,241.8 885.3 417.6 248.8 1,659.4 918.6 3,605.3 1,011.7

Total 114,245.3 4,073.4 22,823.2 2,724.2 4,256.9 1,025.1 17,790.9 2,108.4 12,580.6 1,824.2 30,371.6 2,738.8 171,697.0 5,653.9

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 993.6 440.4 191.5 109.7 354.7 335.9 522.4 193.4 187.4 99.7 709.9 217.4 2,249.7 604.7

Aspen/birch 80.4 41.2 — — 33.4 34.0 — — 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 115.6 53.4Elm/ash/cottonwood 16.7 17.6 — — 4.2 4.3 — — 38.6 30.7 38.6 30.7 59.4 35.6Tanoak/laurel 6,778.8 1,431.4 1,024.3 580.9 1,538.8 482.8 4,702.0 1,173.1 2,594.7 452.7 7,296.7 1,243.5 16,638.6 2,036.0

Western oak 15,407.6 2,122.0 1,747.8 405.2 917.3 249.9 2,034.6 352.4 7,396.2 751.2 9,430.8 824.6 27,503.5 2,323.8

Woodland hardwoods 1,056.5 282.2 187.2 71.8 53.7 31.0 4.3 3.7 69.3 46.1 73.6 46.2 1,370.9 296.4

Other hardwoods 1,399.5 527.5 161.2 137.0 178.6 107.3 162.1 72.1 661.6 223.5 823.7 234.8 2,563.0 602.7

Total 25,733.1 2,633.3 3,312.0 729.8 3,080.6 645.7 7,425.4 1,232.9 10,949.6 903.0 18,374.9 1,502.4 50,500.7 3,175.6

Nonstocked 10,177.1 2,371.5 238.1 119.7 379.6 386.7 84.6 43.8 46.5 21.2 131.0 48.5 10,925.9 2,406.3All forest types 150,155.5 5,065.5 26,373.4 2,787.2 7,717.1 1,245.4 25,300.9 2,410.6 23,576.7 2,011.6 48,877.5 3,041.4 233,123.5 6,574.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
178

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-65—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 773,954.4 21,025.7 5,295.7 1,176.6 3,434.3 617.6 782,684.4 20,988.5

Douglas-fir 131,043.9 10,492.8 2,739.9 1,000.9 1,929.5 645.6 135,713.2 10,525.1

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 239,018.9 14,955.2 724.1 384.6 1,380.5 394.7 241,123.4 14,970.3

Lodgepole pine 61,363.1 5,501.0 2,295.2 1,006.4 447.2 280.9 64,105.4 5,602.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 13,477.2 1,098.7 376.4 153.7 170.1 58.2 14,023.7 1,095.6

Ponderosa pine 91,879.8 5,866.0 2,164.7 453.0 667.9 213.7 94,712.4 5,873.8

Redwood 158,248.9 19,285.3 463.8 259.8 356.6 185.8 159,069.3 19,283.5

Western juniper 18,930.6 1,704.3 733.9 206.7 307.0 113.6 19,971.4 1,712.9

Western white pine 6,523.2 1,613.4 56.2 55.6 424.7 254.1 7,004.2 1,634.0

Other western softwoods 18,037.9 3,142.3 797.9 303.4 659.4 204.8 19,495.2 3,167.4

Total 1,512,477.9 29,980.7 15,647.7 1,991.3 9,777.1 1,100.6 1,537,902.7 29,838.8

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 16,618.5 3,333.4 3,963.2 1,358.9 523.8 327.0 21,105.5 3,602.9

Aspen/birch 720.6 455.7 655.9 404.4 432.2 188.2 1,808.7 637.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood 2,213.5 979.3 9.2 7.2 86.9 79.0 2,309.6 982.5

Tanoak/laurel 184,146.0 13,054.9 34,913.9 4,382.8 4,685.3 1,019.2 223,745.2 13,438.1

Western oak 276,559.4 11,082.7 116,476.3 6,066.8 16,935.0 1,665.1 409,970.7 12,117.8

Woodland hardwoods 5,381.7 818.4 654.4 264.0 60.1 35.2 6,096.2 860.1

Other hardwoods 24,739.4 4,816.2 5,635.7 1,488.6 1,275.2 315.8 31,650.3 5,040.0

Total 510,379.2 17,292.1 162,308.6 7,622.4 23,998.5 2,012.5 696,686.3 17,765.6

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 1,689.5 299.2

 

All forest types 2,022,857.1 30,527.8 177,956.3 7,830.4 33,775.6 2,277.1 2,236,278.5 29,466.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a

 Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass 

of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
179

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-66—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 84,249.8 3,692.3 784.8 296.0 1,592.5 606.5 86,627.1 3,736.2

Douglas-fir 10,508.9 1,376.1 80.2 51.0 983.1 495.8 11,572.2 1,462.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 34,539.6 2,928.1 371.7 273.0 2,717.0 1,519.4 37,628.4 3,289.8

Lodgepole pine 7,830.8 910.7 340.2 230.3 9.0 9.1 8,179.9 939.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 1,312.9 159.9 262.6 138.8 117.1 61.9 1,692.7 216.2

Ponderosa pine 4,160.2 513.2 101.5 47.4 174.2 96.0 4,435.9 523.8

Redwood 14,664.8 2,717.1 184.0 110.9 134.7 78.0 14,983.5 2,730.1

Western juniper 1,586.0 287.2 22.5 16.4 5.0 2.8 1,613.5 287.6

Western white pine 1,262.2 359.0 11.5 11.4 84.9 59.2 1,358.5 364.0

Other western softwoods 3,238.2 988.4 94.1 50.9 273.0 209.0 3,605.3 1,011.7

Total 163,353.5 5,426.1 2,253.1 504.5 6,090.4 1,727.9 171,697.0 5,653.9

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,648.3 551.9 456.4 227.5 145.0 97.3 2,249.7 604.7

Aspen/birch 40.0 33.2 66.7 41.3 8.9 7.0 115.6 53.4

Elm/ash/cottonwood 26.3 19.0 — — 33.1 30.1 59.4 35.6

Tanoak/laurel 12,105.0 1,541.2 1,598.1 531.0 2,935.6 1,244.3 16,638.6 2,036.0

Western oak 15,190.2 1,179.1 5,613.2 556.7 6,700.1 1,945.4 27,503.5 2,323.8

Woodland hardwoods 1,044.8 222.5 326.1 195.2 — — 1,370.9 296.4

Other hardwoods 1,665.1 443.6 309.7 116.8 588.2 387.2 2,563.0 602.7

Total 31,719.7 2,046.7 8,370.2 832.7 10,410.8 2,339.4 50,500.7 3,175.6

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 10,925.9 2,406.3

 

All forest types 195,073.2 5,613.8 10,623.3 970.9 16,501.2 2,904.8 233,123.5 6,574.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is 

estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
180

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-67—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: California mixed conifer 3,273.4 870.3 9,901.4 1,834.1 39,355.1 4,304.8 125,958.0 8,633.6 152,558.6 10,498.3 81,056.3 8,175.2 70,670.8 8,485.8 Douglas-fir 1,590.3 478.3 18,264.8 3,228.6 31,348.6 4,995.1 17,502.3 3,992.9 15,103.1 4,003.8 4,302.2 2,114.2 5,858.3 2,863.9

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 524.2 234.6 796.3 517.5 9,817.5 2,020.4 31,470.2 5,061.5 40,278.4 5,730.6 25,203.2 4,600.9 25,822.1 5,534.2

Lodgepole pine 63.5 37.5 396.6 284.1 1,893.8 846.3 4,567.1 1,229.6 6,729.0 1,709.9 5,712.4 1,705.4 6,123.3 1,762.1

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 17.1 14.5 62.0 38.3 648.4 346.0 1,520.1 385.6 3,054.2 641.3 542.7 251.6 751.8 256.6

Ponderosa pine 1,564.0 355.2 6,592.8 1,295.2 11,017.7 2,225.3 18,648.9 2,304.6 30,137.6 3,433.2 9,895.3 2,266.5 6,114.5 1,805.1

Redwood 1,841.9 793.1 7,309.4 2,581.7 18,500.9 4,530.6 21,585.1 4,873.9 25,072.9 6,142.7 9,042.1 3,707.9 4,012.6 2,086.7

Western juniper 34.0 21.4 150.7 71.1 1,250.3 288.7 4,707.1 654.1 3,616.9 652.8 2,202.6 594.8 710.4 293.4

Western white pine — — — — 229.6 227.2 403.8 385.0 346.1 241.2 517.9 510.8 78.4 77.5

Other western softwoods 227.4 150.9 2,532.5 1,326.5 2,832.1 1,181.1 1,746.8 859.4 3,876.1 1,970.6 901.0 476.3 104.9 82.4

Total 9,135.8 1,341.9 46,006.4 4,886.4 116,894.1 8,532.5 228,109.5 11,864.1 280,772.8 14,333.4 139,375.8 10,575.1 120,246.9 10,970.2

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,000.5 520.4 6,922.0 2,036.5 4,850.7 1,871.0 3,520.8 1,560.4 1,685.3 934.8 1,064.4 1,040.5 277.8 274.4Aspen/birch 109.0 71.8 307.4 234.9 385.0 331.0 196.9 158.9 136.3 138.9 — — 359.9 372.5

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 203.7 149.1 — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 1,629.7 508.8 34,298.6 4,532.6 53,705.4 6,391.3 48,517.6 7,298.6 21,021.2 4,375.1 5,943.0 2,409.2 3,887.8 1,890.0Western oak 4,530.8 849.8 9,844.1 1,622.7 47,283.8 3,895.3 78,482.6 5,944.5 78,095.4 6,291.3 26,802.4 3,856.3 17,094.6 3,037.0

Woodland hardwoods — — 55.1 35.0 306.4 121.6 1,461.8 358.4 601.6 210.5 760.8 411.4 77.2 75.1

Other hardwoods 334.2 164.4 1,980.5 649.1 5,566.3 1,912.9 7,022.7 2,416.1 3,147.6 1,359.7 2,562.0 1,683.2 3,575.4 2,416.5

Total 7,604.2 1,132.1 53,611.4 5,220.5 112,097.6 7,817.3 139,202.4 9,718.6 104,687.4 7,793.9 37,132.5 4,962.7 25,272.6 4,304.9

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 16,740.0 1,745.8 99,617.8 6,976.7 228,991.6 11,158.4 367,311.9 14,969.4 385,460.2 16,013.8 176,508.3 11,599.0 145,519.5 11,736.4
181

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-67—(Continued) Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 70,745.3 7,663.8 39,421.4 6,436.6 39,324.6 6,360.1 149,957.9 12,790.1 461.7 329.0 782,684.4 20,988.5

Douglas-fir 9,115.1 3,260.2 6,656.6 3,360.2 5,300.9 2,424.7 20,621.1 5,430.9 49.7 45.3 135,713.2 10,525.1

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 21,922.6 4,673.9 16,781.3 4,258.9 24,370.8 5,659.4 44,136.9 7,873.1 — — 241,123.4 14,970.3

Lodgepole pine 10,046.7 2,464.7 4,251.1 1,233.0 7,308.5 2,240.9 17,013.6 3,182.6 — — 64,105.4 5,602.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 951.3 365.7 666.7 248.7 516.7 241.8 2,395.1 519.3 2,897.5 452.5 14,023.7 1,095.6

Ponderosa pine 4,890.5 1,428.5 650.3 369.7 1,906.7 935.4 3,238.1 1,162.6 56.0 57.2 94,712.4 5,873.8

Redwood 1,756.2 1,755.0 3,273.2 2,337.0 4,966.9 3,882.6 61,708.2 16,631.1 — — 159,069.3 19,283.5

Western juniper 1,202.1 473.3 585.2 387.4 1,185.6 576.4 3,788.8 1,005.0 537.7 241.9 19,971.4 1,712.9

Western white pine 365.6 302.7 607.5 464.3 969.0 652.5 3,486.3 1,201.1 — — 7,004.2 1,634.0

Other western softwoods 282.0 130.0 258.6 136.6 1,591.8 596.9 3,963.6 1,152.6 1,178.4 573.5 19,495.2 3,167.4

Total 121,277.4 10,059.9 73,151.8 8,783.5 87,441.6 9,913.0 310,309.6 23,108.9 5,181.0 835.6 1,537,902.7 29,838.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 465.7 517.2 — — 602.7 601.3 — — 715.7 425.1 21,105.5 3,602.9

Aspen/birch — — 26.7 27.9 224.4 222.7 — — 63.1 54.8 1,808.7 637.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood 9.2 7.2 — — — — 38.3 38.7 2,058.4 970.3 2,309.6 982.5

Tanoak/laurel 18,372.3 5,082.1 5,043.3 2,615.3 4,068.6 2,045.2 17,547.6 4,651.8 9,710.2 2,556.6 223,745.2 13,438.1

Western oak 18,159.4 3,380.3 5,937.3 1,876.4 7,849.3 2,446.6 6,046.4 1,690.9 109,844.5 5,865.2 409,970.7 12,117.8

Woodland hardwoods 406.4 233.0 — — 115.1 87.8 571.3 346.4 1,740.5 443.8 6,096.2 860.1Other hardwoods 921.5 656.1 5.0 5.0 — — 3,741.9 2,002.6 2,793.3 976.3 31,650.3 5,040.0

Total 38,334.7 6,158.2 11,012.3 3,211.6 12,860.1 3,250.1 27,945.5 5,335.8 126,925.7 6,532.0 696,686.3 17,765.6

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 1,689.5 299.2 1,689.5 299.2

All forest types 159,612.1 11,738.8 84,164.1 9,333.4 100,301.7 10,400.3 338,255.1 23,479.0 133,796.2 6,588.1 2,236,278.5 29,466.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
182

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-68—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: California mixed conifer 1,915.6 773.7 729.7 268.8 2,783.1 621.5 9,461.7 1,027.7 14,616.6 1,378.1 7,847.1 1,130.2 6,893.6 1,064.3 Douglas-fir 186.2 84.4 1,427.2 667.4 1,923.2 438.6 985.7 291.0 1,335.4 518.9 22.4 15.5 743.7 509.6

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 2,307.3 1,490.4 86.0 66.3 940.0 292.3 3,532.7 803.8 6,424.9 1,274.8 4,902.6 1,291.7 3,540.8 909.7

Lodgepole pine — — 2.0 2.6 206.6 116.9 527.6 198.7 968.2 314.8 882.5 386.3 385.6 156.5Pinyon/juniper woodlands 65.1 55.6 1.7 1.6 181.9 123.5 193.3 65.3 195.9 52.1 66.8 31.0 134.6 73.2

Ponderosa pine 292.2 115.5 54.3 27.3 370.1 112.8 840.1 260.8 1,050.4 245.3 437.4 159.6 292.4 142.8

Redwood 1,610.9 1,169.0 1,385.0 686.5 5,411.8 2,062.0 1,432.6 452.2 2,267.5 972.3 476.8 234.4 179.7 93.7

Western juniper 3.3 2.3 1.7 1.6 73.9 40.9 334.6 121.2 234.1 92.4 74.3 36.9 66.9 35.3

Western white pine 4.1 4.0 — — 25.1 24.9 20.3 19.4 184.4 174.2 77.3 76.2 54.2 53.7

Other western softwoods 60.6 43.1 956.2 866.9 346.7 183.3 133.4 90.2 586.4 314.7 77.3 54.7 — —

Total 6,445.2 2,049.6 4,643.8 1,318.8 12,262.3 2,229.7 17,462.0 1,443.4 27,863.9 2,216.5 14,864.4 1,773.4 12,291.5 1,507.7

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 260.2 198.1 624.5 203.9 455.3 342.5 475.8 342.2 88.2 79.9 — — 82.0 81.0

Aspen/birch — — 19.5 17.3 33.4 34.0 15.9 16.0 1.7 1.8 — — 31.3 32.4Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 38.6 30.7 — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 1,214.8 683.5 3,222.1 986.7 1,934.1 378.9 1,904.3 448.4 1,541.1 634.4 431.8 219.5 924.6 466.7Western oak 5,345.1 1,902.8 648.1 199.4 1,930.3 338.9 4,732.3 618.3 3,951.3 504.6 2,055.8 402.7 1,098.3 298.3

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 66.0 32.9 476.3 202.8 165.1 137.5 105.7 53.7 1.3 1.3

Other hardwoods 35.2 16.5 139.3 87.0 359.3 169.1 175.8 63.6 341.6 190.2 176.4 140.7 144.1 103.8

Total 6,855.3 2,030.7 4,692.1 1,026.6 4,778.4 634.7 7,780.4 856.5 6,089.0 846.2 2,769.7 481.8 2,281.6 568.8

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 13,300.5 2,883.4 9,335.9 1,666.6 17,040.8 2,309.4 25,242.5 1,663.9 33,952.8 2,360.7 17,634.1 1,830.9 14,573.2 1,607.9
183

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-68—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 9,412.8 1,308.5 6,435.1 1,427.2 5,082.6 963.0 20,952.8 2,309.2 496.4 475.8 86,627.1 3,736.2Douglas-fir 717.4 330.8 852.3 481.6 1,222.3 615.0 2,127.0 621.8 29.4 26.7 11,572.2 1,462.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 3,873.4 1,098.5 2,537.1 863.5 3,566.0 928.0 5,917.6 1,247.2 — — 37,628.4 3,289.8

Lodgepole pine 1,290.8 404.7 685.7 316.5 914.7 279.3 2,316.4 511.7 — — 8,179.9 939.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 106.6 64.0 51.0 24.2 52.2 27.6 171.2 48.4 472.3 111.3 1,692.7 216.2

Ponderosa pine 443.8 156.7 19.7 13.4 189.6 102.3 445.8 176.1 — — 4,435.9 523.8

Redwood 57.2 57.2 202.2 188.0 313.1 232.4 1,646.7 678.8 — — 14,983.5 2,730.1Western juniper 139.5 72.0 192.7 120.7 154.4 89.9 333.8 168.1 4.4 4.8 1,613.5 287.6

Western white pine 20.9 20.7 266.6 208.8 195.0 111.3 510.6 191.3 — — 1,358.5 364.0

Other western softwoods 4.0 3.2 84.5 77.6 189.2 97.7 934.9 306.2 232.2 139.0 3,605.3 1,011.7

Total 16,066.4 1,783.6 11,326.9 1,785.4 11,879.0 1,515.9 35,356.8 2,820.0 1,234.8 508.7 171,697.0 5,653.9

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 144.3 160.3 — — 113.2 112.9 — — 6.0 5.1 2,249.7 604.7

Aspen/birch — — — — 6.9 6.9 — — 6.8 6.7 115.6 53.4

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 20.8 18.1 59.4 35.6Tanoak/laurel 1,046.8 331.3 150.7 107.8 311.5 209.7 3,125.6 1,229.5 831.2 363.8 16,638.6 2,036.0

Western oak 1,624.8 512.4 710.3 437.9 595.5 252.4 556.7 275.7 4,255.0 512.1 27,503.5 2,323.8

Woodland hardwoods 89.0 71.0 — — 6.4 6.3 113.9 87.5 347.2 105.4 1,370.9 296.4

Other hardwoods 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 — — 581.5 321.0 607.5 388.3 2,563.0 602.7

Total 2,906.1 634.6 862.1 450.8 1,033.6 346.6 4,377.7 1,300.7 6,074.6 744.8 50,500.7 3,175.6

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 10,925.9 2,406.3 10,925.9 2,406.3

All forest types 18,972.5 1,886.2 12,188.9 1,840.0 12,912.6 1,552.2 39,734.5 3,070.7 18,235.3 2,566.3 233,123.5 6,574.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
184

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-69—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 1.0–2.9 3.0–4.9 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: Douglas-fir 1,733.8 111.0 6,220.9 417.2 11,596.6 458.8 14,952.4 606.1 18,577.4 756.8 20,004.2 886.5 Incense cedar 544.2 52.6 1,714.4 154.3 2,816.5 159.6 3,249.6 192.3 3,903.6 243.2 4,047.5 268.4

Lodgepole pine 1,396.3 219.1 1,485.7 311.8 1,895.3 251.7 2,063.2 230.5 2,977.0 339.8 3,178.1 315.7

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 561.3 44.4 2,288.3 187.8 4,951.7 241.0 7,231.7 362.2 9,733.2 486.4 11,667.4 573.2

Redwood 315.7 44.2 382.9 68.7 1,116.4 107.4 1,726.7 164.5 2,388.7 235.1 3,943.2 382.0

Sitka spruce 21.3 12.9 29.4 29.7 42.8 17.4 99.1 42.6 105.0 51.1 177.3 94.4

Sugar pine 68.7 10.3 295.2 62.9 576.5 50.5 882.2 79.1 1,174.6 117.2 1,501.2 143.4

True fir 7,300.6 459.5 6,655.1 433.0 10,116.2 392.8 13,211.1 515.5 16,990.0 715.9 18,983.2 820.9

Western hemlock 57.3 19.3 121.1 60.0 121.4 54.1 173.6 37.7 265.2 84.8 242.6 84.9

Western juniper 113.7 20.0 387.6 78.1 717.6 62.8 1,106.4 93.5 1,386.0 119.9 1,513.9 143.0

Western white pine 252.3 57.4 219.2 57.9 244.8 34.5 259.8 37.2 338.9 56.4 305.1 56.2

Woodland softwoods 73.8 19.6 96.3 17.5 263.5 23.9 516.2 46.6 866.8 74.0 1,066.3 103.8

Other western softwoods 1,133.5 168.4 920.3 153.3 1,500.1 142.4 1,870.7 165.5 2,178.3 204.3 2,424.3 231.3

Total 13,572.6 565.7 20,816.4 754.9 35,959.4 753.7 47,342.7 955.6 60,884.7 1,245.0 69,054.4 1,446.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 307.8 83.1 185.6 89.5 133.1 50.3 110.3 33.6 156.8 46.2 190.5 69.6

Oak 5,922.7 382.6 16,941.9 1,064.8 32,681.5 1,142.7 42,337.3 1,392.4 43,557.6 1,448.6 37,819.1 1,387.5

Red alder 46.0 14.5 180.5 57.1 570.2 106.3 1,115.5 172.4 1,713.2 302.3 1,830.9 368.0Tanoak 2,737.7 204.0 5,876.2 443.5 11,065.5 626.6 13,199.8 778.4 14,047.2 907.2 13,121.9 910.7

Woodland hardwoods 98.6 19.8 122.9 31.0 290.6 37.7 420.0 57.6 514.5 76.1 471.3 62.8

Other western hardwoods 2,307.2 193.6 5,138.0 584.8 6,757.0 356.6 8,343.7 469.1 9,140.2 517.3 9,136.5 597.4

Total 11,420.0 490.0 28,445.0 1,309.6 51,497.9 1,346.7 65,526.7 1,654.3 69,129.5 1,797.6 62,570.3 1,829.1

All species groups 24,992.6 744.1 49,261.4 1,526.1 87,457.3 1,531.9 112,869.4 1,875.1 130,014.3 2,138.8 131,624.6 2,288.3
185

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-69—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 22,290.4 989.5 24,067.0 1,166.2 24,167.4 1,290.9 19,477.0 1,266.7 21,148.4 1,459.8 19,361.6 1,217.8Incense cedar 4,107.2 326.5 4,778.6 374.5 4,900.4 438.0 4,741.3 466.4 4,599.6 526.1 4,473.7 464.5Lodgepole pine 4,573.1 459.2 4,037.4 443.9 5,388.6 557.2 5,071.4 569.3 5,252.6 672.1 3,856.3 442.4

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 13,725.8 688.0 14,552.9 801.0 15,097.3 873.9 15,319.0 1,016.4 14,968.4 1,066.7 12,900.0 832.2

Redwood 4,054.2 409.5 4,582.7 482.1 4,853.6 585.3 5,669.6 676.8 6,526.6 762.7 5,911.0 723.6

Sitka spruce 226.7 111.8 231.5 148.7 351.1 225.7 229.9 122.8 311.4 178.5 63.7 41.0Sugar pine 1,521.6 186.2 2,172.9 270.7 2,638.0 332.9 3,704.8 473.9 3,582.6 514.8 4,105.1 493.2True fir 23,804.0 1,081.8 24,505.1 1,212.6 26,424.1 1,419.8 26,225.4 1,428.3 24,873.4 1,549.5 23,170.0 1,361.3

Western hemlock 416.7 148.3 305.3 118.3 385.8 132.7 345.1 216.9 197.0 181.9 20.5 14.6

Western juniper 1,433.4 155.6 1,353.0 160.7 1,629.5 204.0 1,087.6 166.3 992.2 169.9 930.1 152.3Western white pine 476.7 81.6 477.2 112.6 652.4 155.5 575.6 151.6 523.9 144.7 610.5 130.4

Woodland softwoods 1,389.3 132.8 1,591.9 145.0 1,274.6 133.2 1,076.5 140.9 834.1 140.2 659.7 105.7

Other western softwoods 2,839.1 283.3 2,949.9 327.5 3,500.0 414.8 4,197.0 543.2 3,263.3 499.5 3,198.8 443.6

Total 80,858.1 1,754.2 85,605.3 2,003.3 91,262.8 2,327.2 87,720.2 2,457.0 87,073.5 2,714.5 79,260.9 2,324.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 239.1 80.3 339.2 116.4 243.6 106.8 490.2 202.2 389.1 153.3 230.2 87.9

Oak 34,332.2 1,405.5 31,163.2 1,412.1 27,011.9 1,394.0 21,073.8 1,356.9 18,516.2 1,417.1 15,018.8 1,146.6

Red alder 1,069.0 244.0 1,221.1 290.9 642.9 231.2 612.9 185.8 68.3 62.1 183.1 120.5Tanoak 11,446.0 897.9 8,841.2 806.1 7,822.9 857.6 6,931.0 766.1 7,095.1 949.9 3,862.7 524.3

Woodland hardwoods 479.4 72.6 403.3 72.3 303.3 54.8 304.1 67.5 180.5 57.8 103.1 34.9

Other western hardwoods 9,038.4 685.0 7,782.5 709.0 7,346.4 733.6 4,209.3 531.7 4,921.2 700.7 3,844.6 486.5

Total 56,604.2 1,884.4 49,750.6 1,840.1 43,370.9 1,862.0 33,621.3 1,691.7 31,170.5 1,876.2 23,242.5 1,399.5

All species groups 137,462.3 2,515.2 135,356.0 2,662.0 134,633.7 2,928.4 121,341.5 2,950.5 118,244.0 3,264.4 102,503.3 2,696.4
186

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-69—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: Douglas-fir 19,762.1 894.9 17,199.4 862.2 17,948.1 936.1 17,188.6 951.1 17,253.3 989.9 16,102.2 1,012.5 Incense cedar 4,513.1 327.1 4,087.4 315.2 3,394.6 297.4 3,319.4 303.6 3,370.5 317.6 3,346.0 372.1

Lodgepole pine 4,018.2 387.4 3,335.8 362.4 3,257.1 403.4 2,163.4 291.5 1,609.8 247.8 1,344.4 209.2Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 11,804.8 590.1 12,286.1 658.7 11,227.4 653.5 10,421.7 684.7 9,149.8 652.1 7,778.9 649.8

Redwood 7,008.0 707.7 6,554.9 613.3 5,908.3 651.5 5,531.3 596.8 5,483.0 651.7 4,602.0 561.6

Sitka spruce 160.2 81.1 90.7 51.6 201.5 99.7 143.3 61.8 203.8 92.8 207.3 123.3Sugar pine 4,213.6 332.0 4,799.6 419.0 4,651.6 407.5 5,132.0 509.1 5,201.0 520.3 5,082.7 549.0

True fir 23,103.5 1,144.1 23,764.6 1,198.7 22,041.5 1,200.8 20,193.0 1,159.2 17,289.3 1,130.1 17,637.7 1,186.6

Western hemlock 184.1 65.6 107.3 61.6 69.6 39.3 — — 109.3 61.0 — —

Western juniper 589.6 74.2 390.0 62.9 460.8 73.3 365.7 65.2 337.8 65.7 197.3 55.5

Western white pine 637.1 99.0 673.8 110.3 792.2 128.4 750.4 132.5 732.3 138.8 762.2 137.0

Woodland softwoods 510.2 58.3 306.6 45.2 189.8 35.7 222.7 46.9 163.2 38.0 140.5 35.9

Other western softwoods 2,567.9 293.3 2,437.3 298.0 1,995.0 276.8 1,875.5 273.4 1,512.5 239.7 1,566.7 274.7

Total 79,072.4 1,814.3 76,033.5 1,845.3 72,137.4 1,927.0 67,307.0 1,877.7 62,415.8 1,899.2 58,767.9 1,985.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 172.5 63.4 297.5 130.8 142.0 49.5 84.2 44.4 10.3 10.4 58.3 36.1

Oak 9,946.5 565.2 8,005.8 549.2 6,671.1 508.5 5,543.6 499.5 4,274.3 468.6 2,738.1 362.1

Red alder 44.0 26.4 47.0 30.2 68.1 38.1 36.5 29.4 — — — —Tanoak 2,650.4 313.1 2,194.8 293.1 1,945.1 327.6 680.7 145.6 568.0 132.8 921.5 255.8

Woodland hardwoods 87.0 21.5 54.6 19.0 33.6 13.1 6.2 6.4 9.7 9.9 10.7 7.8

Other western hardwoods 2,640.2 261.1 1,984.4 236.9 1,761.6 254.5 1,446.7 286.1 995.3 203.6 1,397.7 300.4

Total 15,540.6 728.8 12,584.0 698.6 10,621.5 676.0 7,797.9 598.2 5,857.6 533.6 5,126.3 546.9

All species groups 94,613.0 1,944.6 88,617.5 1,967.3 82,758.9 2,033.7 75,104.9 1,969.5 68,273.4 1,979.6 63,894.3 2,070.1
187

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-69—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 16,877.5 1,095.9 14,028.3 987.9 13,287.2 1,074.3 13,944.5 1,139.3 12,792.5 1,078.5 11,326.7 1,092.3 69,598.2 5,297.6 460,905.6 13,442.6

Incense cedar 3,046.6 346.5 2,566.9 337.9 2,262.2 339.6 2,389.6 329.7 1,530.8 292.7 1,143.9 262.6 8,889.5 1,185.2 87,737.4 4,143.5

Lodgepole pine 827.7 151.2 977.6 197.9 677.5 167.0 524.1 147.9 296.4 98.4 148.0 75.7 266.3 155.9 60,621.4 4,309.0

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 6,766.3 604.4 6,791.9 601.5 5,175.7 517.2 4,022.5 501.6 4,258.2 564.1 3,349.4 524.4 9,740.5 1,345.3 225,770.0 6,715.1

Redwood 4,159.0 655.8 5,076.7 711.5 4,403.0 659.4 3,719.6 640.5 2,981.1 562.9 2,472.8 489.4 57,356.9 14,079.4 156,728.0 16,158.8

Sitka spruce 140.4 77.4 141.4 83.5 175.6 116.9 183.5 95.0 — — 41.2 41.7 854.0 714.9 4,432.2 1,424.3

Sugar pine 3,820.9 465.0 3,818.1 509.5 4,176.4 565.9 3,650.6 605.2 3,554.2 561.3 3,366.7 606.4 23,020.1 3,359.1 96,710.7 5,505.6

True fir 15,269.8 1,133.5 14,142.9 1,165.1 12,733.6 1,253.4 10,386.7 1,011.5 9,823.7 1,038.5 8,192.9 966.3 28,498.9 2,904.1 445,336.4 15,347.3

Western hemlock 63.9 55.7 — — 49.9 50.8 — — 173.2 104.3 — — 432.6 440.7 3,841.3 1,052.1Western juniper 425.0 96.7 249.1 70.9 222.4 59.3 101.6 40.5 205.3 72.9 121.3 48.2 753.4 195.9 17,070.5 1,064.8

Western white pine 1,111.8 185.8 824.0 156.1 473.2 122.5 739.2 166.6 346.7 110.3 706.0 181.9 2,463.8 501.8 15,949.3 1,413.5

Woodland softwoods 55.8 20.6 76.6 24.2 36.7 19.1 58.6 26.1 73.5 34.3 — — 48.7 35.6 11,591.8 735.6

Other western softwoods 1,221.4 229.2 923.4 187.7 738.8 201.5 553.2 179.5 598.5 179.3 450.5 174.9 2,606.6 1,272.8 49,022.6 3,547.5

Total 53,786.1 1,932.7 49,617.0 1,907.0 44,412.2 2,000.4 40,273.7 1,927.5 36,634.2 1,846.6 31,319.4 1,786.6 204,529.5 16,599.6 1,635,717.2 27,333.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 78.0 59.0 — — — — — — — — — — 38.3 38.7 3,896.7 865.1Oak 2,438.7 381.1 2,174.4 376.9 1,945.2 416.9 536.8 203.6 957.3 272.0 787.2 275.6 2,406.5 576.6 374,801.7 9,048.6

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 9,449.2 1,455.7Tanoak 353.5 122.8 146.3 81.9 386.9 171.6 97.2 77.3 308.1 174.1 193.6 122.1 287.9 182.4 116,781.1 6,205.2

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 8.0 8.2 6.1 6.3 — — — — — — 3,907.6 449.7

Other western hardwoods 919.1 257.1 499.8 184.8 148.3 89.9 521.8 180.9 199.7 116.3 86.2 75.9 1,159.1 347.6 91,724.9 3,975.3

Total 3,789.4 480.8 2,820.5 433.7 2,488.4 458.8 1,161.8 281.2 1,465.1 343.2 1,067.1 310.9 3,891.8 695.8 600,561.3 12,245.4

All species groups 57,575.4 2,001.7 52,437.5 1,949.1 46,900.6 2,056.5 41,435.6 1,950.9 38,099.4 1,877.9 32,386.5 1,812.3 208,421.3 16,610.7 2,236,278.5 29,466.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
188

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-70—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: Douglas-fir 900.2 84.0 912.6 96.0 941.8 140.0 1,197.5 149.5 1,329.4 165.8 1,693.9 282.1 1,142.8 231.9 1,190.0 281.4 Incense cedar 309.3 32.6 325.7 38.9 313.8 50.8 389.7 64.2 363.0 70.3 262.0 66.8 361.9 86.3 302.0 99.2

Lodgepole pine 337.5 86.6 303.3 89.5 417.5 128.4 507.6 139.4 508.8 144.7 581.3 137.3 529.0 135.8 944.0 200.9

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 386.9 40.3 531.8 60.5 537.3 81.7 566.3 86.3 726.8 106.6 643.9 111.0 520.3 109.7 442.8 122.0

Redwood 109.1 22.6 90.6 21.5 153.4 34.2 92.6 27.4 25.8 17.4 78.5 35.3 111.8 44.0 112.3 55.8

Sitka spruce 4.8 3.1 8.9 7.1 3.6 2.8 — — — — — — — — 49.6 45.1

Sugar pine 91.2 17.1 231.3 41.2 199.4 38.7 289.1 66.4 345.2 88.2 386.0 93.4 377.8 119.7 417.2 152.4

True fir 1,600.7 139.9 2,042.6 144.0 2,522.7 193.3 3,201.2 264.9 3,374.5 285.9 3,976.2 335.1 3,728.6 428.0 4,543.1 472.5

Western hemlock — — 5.2 4.8 23.7 13.0 8.6 9.4 — — 15.3 16.8 — — — —Western juniper 25.7 8.2 61.2 15.6 46.3 14.4 42.8 18.8 49.6 20.2 72.9 30.6 60.2 30.3 70.7 36.3

Western white pine 49.3 14.3 42.4 15.2 72.5 27.2 73.6 27.5 101.8 47.3 49.1 28.9 43.2 27.7 182.6 84.2

Woodland softwoods 41.7 9.5 114.7 21.0 203.4 42.3 175.1 38.7 196.4 46.1 266.7 57.0 217.9 49.4 134.0 55.4

Other western softwoods 213.9 35.1 230.3 52.6 309.3 71.0 393.2 70.8 372.1 88.7 541.1 116.0 280.3 83.2 404.2 124.9

Total 4,070.4 204.7 4,900.7 231.1 5,744.8 310.4 6,937.4 377.1 7,393.3 417.8 8,567.0 500.2 7,373.9 550.5 8,792.3 649.3

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 41.6 19.6 32.1 17.6 35.9 15.1 41.7 33.3 58.2 40.6 19.0 20.7 — — — —Oak 3,127.7 244.3 2,877.8 263.9 2,393.5 262.8 1,875.0 214.4 1,444.8 203.0 1,290.6 215.8 1,070.2 214.0 820.8 222.2

Red alder 91.5 25.1 138.6 37.1 111.3 31.8 48.5 24.8 15.5 13.8 105.2 83.7 33.3 32.7 — —

Tanoak 781.8 132.4 839.7 163.4 1,082.8 233.5 896.9 207.0 910.5 257.0 755.8 236.2 362.2 132.1 325.5 152.5

Woodland hardwoods 149.6 27.8 253.5 48.2 279.3 48.6 218.0 59.7 243.2 61.5 229.6 72.8 100.9 48.0 117.7 64.9

Other western hardwoods 837.8 90.5 821.3 100.9 757.4 109.0 598.0 105.1 479.2 98.9 606.6 155.1 431.6 132.7 224.3 99.5

Total 5,029.9 302.8 4,962.9 343.3 4,660.3 381.8 3,678.2 329.8 3,151.5 348.3 3,006.8 371.4 1,998.3 294.3 1,488.2 294.2

All species groups 9,100.3 372.6 9,863.6 423.6 10,405.1 498.4 10,615.6 505.3 10,544.7 549.3 11,573.8 625.0 9,372.2 623.2 10,280.5 711.3
189

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-70—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 

(continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 1,278.5 279.8 1,421.1 225.6 1,595.1 172.9 1,549.5 209.1 1,563.6 212.2 2,064.3 270.6 2,075.4 252.9 1,623.3 236.8

Incense cedar 433.1 115.4 235.8 64.9 241.6 58.2 212.7 48.5 464.4 87.6 372.6 81.5 392.5 94.4 225.3 68.0Lodgepole pine 675.6 165.5 504.1 114.6 701.9 109.5 633.4 104.3 533.6 111.7 436.9 97.1 321.3 79.3 337.2 89.7

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 996.5 216.7 770.2 150.9 719.4 103.5 776.4 108.2 889.9 139.9 1,089.1 162.2 802.7 131.2 633.1 129.6

Redwood 213.6 155.3 145.0 81.9 70.5 22.5 108.1 39.8 122.6 41.4 88.3 25.8 176.5 49.7 254.2 59.3

Sitka spruce — — — — 12.4 7.7 — — — — — — — — — —

Sugar pine 275.8 116.0 271.4 63.5 465.6 98.3 378.2 84.0 373.7 87.7 613.1 142.5 592.7 173.9 578.9 156.3

True fir 5,063.8 584.7 3,879.7 426.0 3,349.2 271.4 3,272.7 271.8 3,375.5 302.2 3,446.1 307.9 3,071.5 309.1 2,970.4 325.4

Western hemlock 44.7 39.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — 15.2 15.4

Western juniper 27.9 27.6 94.6 51.0 29.7 13.2 19.9 11.9 14.5 10.3 27.6 16.0 16.9 13.2 27.0 28.7

Western white pine 147.1 74.0 47.1 20.5 121.8 33.2 133.2 40.9 106.2 37.7 135.9 45.7 106.7 46.0 65.7 29.5

Woodland softwoods 139.1 52.6 40.9 27.3 31.7 11.4 28.3 13.9 39.9 18.2 17.2 10.6 35.4 17.9 31.7 18.4

Other western softwoods 562.1 175.1 620.4 146.8 431.3 81.4 313.4 69.5 248.5 65.4 302.4 70.7 263.6 76.8 211.1 75.7

Total 9,857.7 780.1 8,030.3 560.5 7,770.2 388.3 7,425.8 402.8 7,732.4 437.0 8,593.4 493.2 7,855.0 479.9 6,973.1 469.5

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — 17.7 14.1 — — — — — — — — 14.1 14.6 — —

Oak 1,189.0 275.7 743.8 175.9 514.5 95.4 569.1 109.7 318.2 76.8 394.4 96.3 257.8 79.6 217.8 80.8

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak 195.1 82.6 154.9 95.1 82.2 32.8 111.4 40.8 88.6 45.4 40.7 27.8 50.6 34.9 39.7 29.9

Woodland hardwoods 91.0 54.6 7.5 6.6 — — 19.4 12.2 — — 19.2 14.7 — — — —

Other western hardwoods 188.0 104.0 313.5 135.8 156.8 53.1 78.7 37.3 236.3 84.2 102.4 59.4 67.0 43.6 91.0 50.8

Total 1,663.0 310.7 1,237.4 252.4 753.6 121.0 778.6 128.0 643.1 122.1 556.6 117.3 389.5 97.8 348.5 100.0

All species groups 11,520.8 840.3 9,267.7 612.2 8,523.8 406.1 8,204.5 422.8 8,375.5 451.3 9,150.0 507.3 8,244.5 491.3 7,321.6 481.3
190

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-70—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: Douglas-fir 1,362.8 223.4 1,296.6 237.4 1,794.2 293.9 1,823.4 365.6 1,619.1 306.3 1,465.8 315.6 8,874.6 1,111.9 40,715.4 2,845.4 Incense cedar 401.6 98.1 304.5 91.7 374.5 105.4 287.6 107.2 290.0 103.2 410.2 152.8 923.5 262.8 8,197.2 636.9 Lodgepole pine 310.7 94.0 205.1 74.7 192.3 74.7 109.0 56.0 62.4 42.8 79.9 57.3 95.4 68.5 9,328.0 1,059.2 Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 836.2 173.5 522.9 131.3 610.4 144.7 557.2 154.7 334.4 130.2 585.9 182.0 1,607.8 364.3 16,088.4 1,108.2 Redwood 259.1 65.2 237.1 74.1 202.8 71.0 286.6 70.1 292.4 92.3 268.4 72.5 15,266.0 2,784.4 18,765.3 2,949.9

Sitka spruce — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 79.3 52.0

Sugar pine 572.5 185.3 991.0 246.4 559.0 186.7 867.8 268.5 424.3 172.6 405.6 196.9 5,466.2 1,059.4 15,173.2 1,613.9

True fir 2,213.5 267.6 2,448.8 315.1 2,362.0 357.1 2,561.6 375.2 2,340.4 405.5 1,665.3 321.6 9,929.7 1,221.9 76,939.6 3,786.6

Western hemlock 22.8 23.2 — — — — 32.4 28.2 — — 49.9 50.9 — — 217.7 105.5Western juniper — — — — 21.0 22.3 — — 15.3 15.8 — — 19.6 20.4 743.4 134.3

Western white pine 160.8 62.1 97.3 44.1 106.5 55.3 68.7 52.2 30.7 30.3 78.3 51.5 224.7 96.6 2,245.3 327.5

Woodland softwoods 6.0 6.0 — — — — — — 21.1 20.3 — — — — 1,741.1 243.1

Other western softwoods 100.7 51.2 82.2 52.1 178.7 84.3 105.4 63.4 33.3 32.9 34.7 34.0 792.2 592.6 7,024.3 927.6

Total 6,246.8 476.9 6,185.5 514.0 6,401.5 542.5 6,699.6 625.9 5,463.4 567.9 5,044.0 555.0 43,199.7 3,539.8 197,258.2 6,234.3

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 260.3 103.0Oak 395.4 128.2 153.8 78.4 254.8 105.6 44.6 45.2 — — 40.7 50.2 74.1 76.6 20,068.6 1,160.6

Red alder 29.1 29.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — 573.1 123.9

Tanoak — — 69.3 48.0 72.0 45.2 — — 58.7 57.8 — — — — 6,918.2 1,101.6

Woodland hardwoods 16.1 16.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 1,745.0 283.4

Other western hardwoods 48.8 44.4 — — — — 76.6 69.7 60.8 48.4 — — 124.0 89.6 6,300.0 596.9

Total 489.5 139.8 223.1 91.9 326.8 114.9 121.2 83.1 119.5 75.3 40.7 50.2 198.1 117.9 35,865.3 1,795.7

All species groups 6,736.3 496.0 6,408.6 530.5 6,728.3 554.1 6,820.9 631.3 5,582.8 572.8 5,084.8 557.2 43,397.7 3,541.3 233,123.5 6,574.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
191

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-71—Aboveground green biomass of live treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons, green weight

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 1,382,778.9 32,580.3 123,097.4 8,950.1 1,505,876.3 32,427.4 380,911.9 22,339.2 58,186.0 6,509.7 439,097.8 23,057.8 1,944,974.1 31,676.3

Total 1,382,778.9 32,580.3 123,097.4 8,950.1 1,505,876.3 32,427.4 380,911.9 22,339.2 58,186.0 6,509.7 439,097.8 23,057.8 1,944,974.1 31,676.3

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land 

Management 39,947.5 7,115.5 24,168.4 3,471.9 64,115.8 7,812.8 3,505.7 1,783.3 3,630.9 887.5 7,136.6 1,973.8 71,252.4 8,022.6

Departments of Defense or 

Energy 592.1 649.8 3,185.3 1,119.8 3,777.4 1,294.6 — — — — — — 3,777.4 1,294.6

National Park Service — — — — — — 181,633.0 18,327.0 18,990.6 3,462.3 200,623.7 18,166.1 200,623.7 18,166.1

U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service — — — — — — 165.6 203.5 8.3 8.5 173.9 203.7 173.9 203.7

Other federal — — 2,924.4 1,300.2 2,924.4 1,300.2 4,269.9 3,214.5 1,073.6 961.1 5,343.5 3,352.0 8,267.9 3,595.2

Total 40,539.5 7,145.1 30,278.1 3,830.7 70,817.6 7,965.0 189,574.3 18,629.4 23,703.4 3,679.7 213,277.8 18,462.9 284,095.4 19,617.5

State and local government:

Local 9,226.6 3,504.6 16,966.6 3,499.5 26,193.2 4,961.9 4,919.1 3,153.6 8,091.2 2,441.5 13,010.3 3,986.5 39,203.5 6,310.1State 23,521.1 6,418.5 6,152.6 2,021.2 29,673.7 6,708.3 95,490.3 19,954.0 16,770.0 4,598.3 112,260.3 20,445.3 141,934.0 20,904.8Other public — — 88.3 80.4 88.3 80.4 1,790.5 1,593.3 173.8 170.0 1,964.3 1,602.3 2,052.6 1,604.3

Total 32,747.7 7,267.4 23,207.5 4,028.1 55,955.2 8,277.9 102,199.9 20,248.5 25,034.9 5,202.7 127,234.8 20,860.4 183,190.1 21,804.9

Corporate private 476,151.2 19,264.7 30,807.6 4,253.6 506,958.8 19,614.3 — — — — — — 506,958.8 19,614.3

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental 

conservation or natural resource organizations 31,316.3 5,537.9 3,249.5 1,287.9 34,565.7 5,683.9 — — — — — — 34,565.7 5,683.9

Unicorporated partnerships, 

associations, clubs 12,130.0 3,600.9 1,905.0 745.6 14,035.0 3,716.4 — — — — — — 14,035.0 3,716.4

Native American 31,635.1 7,721.7 2,160.3 1,072.2 33,795.4 7,765.3 — — — — — — 33,795.4 7,765.3

Individual 411,233.7 20,919.5 257,531.5 11,629.9 668,765.2 22,771.6 — — — — — — 668,765.2 22,771.6

Total 486,315.1 22,625.6 264,846.3 11,728.5 751,161.4 24,305.1 — — — — — — 751,161.4 24,305.1

All private 962,466.3 24,693.3 295,653.9 12,194.1 1,258,120.2 25,356.0 — — — — — — 1,258,120.2 25,356.0All owners 2,418,532.4 41,201.2 472,236.9 15,891.4 2,890,769.3 41,478.0 672,686.1 34,213.8 106,924.3 9,099.9 779,610.4 34,928.8 3,670,379.7 45,947.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
192

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-72—Aboveground green biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 1.0–2.9 3.0–4.9 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons, green weight Softwoods: Douglas-fir 3,226.3 206.5 11,575.7 776.4 21,578.7 853.6 27,823.0 1,127.8 34,568.4 1,408.3 37,223.5 1,649.6 Incense cedar 729.3 70.6 2,297.7 206.8 3,774.8 213.9 4,355.2 257.8 5,231.7 326.0 5,424.6 359.8 Lodgepole pine 2,296.6 360.3 2,443.6 512.9 3,117.2 414.0 3,393.4 379.1 4,896.4 558.9 5,227.1 519.2

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 775.9 61.4 3,163.4 259.6 6,847.5 333.3 10,001.6 500.8 13,463.3 672.8 16,141.8 792.7

Redwood 379.4 53.1 460.1 82.6 1,341.7 129.0 2,075.2 197.7 2,870.7 282.5 4,738.9 459.0

Sitka spruce 37.3 22.7 51.6 52.2 75.2 30.6 173.9 74.8 184.3 89.6 311.2 165.7

Sugar pine 130.8 19.7 561.8 119.7 1,096.9 96.1 1,678.7 150.5 2,235.2 223.0 2,856.6 272.8

True fir 11,692.7 738.6 10,440.3 688.4 15,772.5 615.0 20,523.4 807.3 26,419.8 1,118.8 29,384.5 1,267.6

Western hemlock 112.9 38.1 238.8 118.4 239.3 106.6 342.1 74.3 522.7 167.1 478.1 167.4

Western juniper 181.6 32.0 619.1 124.8 1,146.1 100.2 1,767.1 149.3 2,213.7 191.4 2,417.9 228.3Western white pine 456.0 103.8 396.1 104.7 442.5 62.4 469.6 67.2 612.4 101.9 551.5 101.6

Woodland softwoods 122.5 31.6 162.3 29.6 444.7 40.4 870.9 79.0 1,461.6 125.1 1,797.1 175.5

Other western softwoods 1,944.5 287.1 1,575.8 261.6 2,575.8 243.6 3,188.6 279.7 3,710.0 347.4 4,112.9 392.1

Total 22,085.8 921.8 33,986.3 1,261.6 58,452.8 1,254.5 76,662.6 1,583.4 98,390.1 2,047.1 110,665.8 2,358.2

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 613.5 165.7 370.0 178.5 264.5 100.2 219.9 67.0 311.0 91.9 377.5 138.1

Oak 11,034.0 712.1 31,469.7 1,973.3 60,910.9 2,140.9 78,918.1 2,605.9 81,198.6 2,715.3 70,563.4 2,601.3

Red alder 79.1 25.0 310.4 98.2 980.7 182.8 1,918.7 296.6 2,946.6 519.9 3,149.2 633.0

Tanoak 4,408.4 328.5 9,462.2 714.2 17,818.3 1,009.0 21,255.2 1,253.5 22,619.7 1,460.9 21,129.7 1,466.5

Woodland hardwoods 176.6 35.6 221.1 55.8 516.7 67.4 747.0 102.9 902.1 132.1 838.6 111.6

Other western hardwoods 3,834.9 311.2 8,333.5 887.3 11,180.8 579.8 13,912.2 781.2 15,152.2 844.6 15,212.6 991.5

Total 20,146.5 871.6 50,166.8 2,306.0 91,671.9 2,428.2 116,971.0 2,978.8 123,130.2 3,211.3 111,270.9 3,252.1

All species groups 42,232.2 1,262.4 84,153.2 2,657.8 150,124.7 2,724.5 193,633.6 3,330.9 221,520.3 3,742.6 221,936.8 3,957.9
193

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-72—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons, green weight

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 41,477.4 1,841.3 44,783.4 2,170.1 44,970.1 2,402.1 36,242.1 2,357.1 39,351.7 2,716.3 36,027.3 2,266.0Incense cedar 5,504.6 437.6 6,404.4 501.9 6,567.7 587.0 6,354.5 625.1 6,164.5 705.1 5,995.8 622.5

Lodgepole pine 7,521.5 755.3 6,640.5 730.0 8,862.8 916.5 8,341.1 936.4 8,639.2 1,105.4 6,342.5 727.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 18,988.9 951.7 20,141.9 1,108.7 20,892.0 1,209.0 21,191.1 1,405.2 20,712.3 1,475.5 17,848.0 1,151.1

Redwood 4,872.3 492.2 5,507.5 579.3 5,833.0 703.4 6,813.8 813.4 7,843.7 916.6 7,103.8 869.7Sitka spruce 397.8 196.2 406.3 261.0 616.1 396.1 403.4 215.6 546.5 313.2 111.8 71.9

Sugar pine 2,895.5 354.4 4,134.8 515.1 5,019.8 633.5 7,049.8 901.7 6,817.3 979.7 7,811.5 938.5

True fir 36,769.1 1,681.3 37,542.0 1,879.4 40,738.5 2,219.5 39,957.5 2,187.0 37,907.9 2,384.5 35,197.4 2,078.9

Western hemlock 821.4 292.3 601.7 233.2 760.5 261.5 680.2 427.5 388.2 358.5 40.4 28.8

Western juniper 2,289.4 248.6 2,160.9 256.7 2,602.5 325.8 1,737.1 265.6 1,584.6 271.3 1,485.5 243.2

Western white pine 861.4 147.5 862.4 203.5 1,178.9 281.0 1,040.2 273.9 946.7 261.6 1,103.4 235.7

Woodland softwoods 2,336.7 224.1 2,672.1 244.4 2,139.4 224.2 1,803.1 237.1 1,403.2 237.0 1,099.1 176.1

Other western softwoods 4,833.2 490.9 4,978.4 549.7 5,811.4 703.3 7,091.3 923.6 5,585.4 878.3 5,429.7 772.6

Total 129,569.1 2,862.0 136,836.2 3,261.3 145,992.8 3,787.3 138,705.2 3,948.2 137,891.3 4,391.3 125,596.0 3,730.5

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 466.6 156.6 653.2 222.4 483.0 212.4 953.2 392.9 750.8 294.8 453.6 174.6

Oak 64,071.7 2,627.2 58,233.7 2,646.5 50,368.5 2,599.6 39,347.4 2,536.1 34,520.4 2,641.7 28,171.3 2,154.7

Red alder 1,838.6 419.6 2,100.3 500.3 1,105.8 397.6 1,054.1 319.6 117.5 106.9 314.9 207.2

Tanoak 18,431.1 1,445.8 14,236.7 1,298.0 12,596.9 1,381.0 11,160.7 1,233.6 11,425.0 1,529.5 6,219.9 844.3

Woodland hardwoods 856.1 129.2 717.2 128.9 541.4 97.7 541.7 120.3 324.8 104.1 185.5 62.8

Other western hardwoods 14,868.4 1,141.6 12,801.3 1,169.4 12,174.9 1,199.6 6,887.9 872.5 7,851.4 1,111.5 6,194.5 781.5

Total 100,532.6 3,333.5 88,742.4 3,277.8 77,270.5 3,288.8 59,945.1 3,031.8 54,989.9 3,300.8 41,539.8 2,520.7

All species groups 230,101.7 4,297.8 225,578.6 4,536.7 223,263.4 4,931.4 198,650.3 4,934.5 192,881.2 5,440.5 167,135.8 4,472.7
194

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-72—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons, green weight Softwoods: Douglas-fir 36,772.7 1,665.3 32,004.0 1,604.4 33,396.8 1,741.8 31,983.9 1,769.8 32,104.3 1,841.9 29,962.6 1,884.1 Incense cedar 6,048.6 438.4 5,478.0 422.4 4,549.5 398.6 4,448.7 406.8 4,517.3 425.7 4,484.3 498.7 Lodgepole pine 6,608.9 637.1 5,486.6 596.1 5,357.1 663.5 3,558.2 479.5 2,647.8 407.6 2,211.2 344.0

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 16,333.9 816.3 16,996.3 910.7 15,535.3 903.7 14,423.6 947.0 12,662.6 901.7 10,764.8 898.5

Redwood 8,422.2 850.6 7,877.7 737.1 7,100.5 783.0 6,647.5 717.2 6,589.4 783.2 5,530.7 674.9Sitka spruce 281.1 142.4 159.2 90.5 353.5 175.0 251.4 108.5 357.6 162.9 363.8 216.4Sugar pine 8,018.0 631.8 9,133.0 797.2 8,851.4 775.5 9,765.6 968.7 9,896.9 990.0 9,671.7 1,044.7

True fir 34,908.4 1,715.3 35,474.1 1,773.5 33,010.5 1,799.4 30,004.4 1,729.4 25,633.6 1,709.9 25,697.0 1,739.4

Western hemlock 362.9 129.4 211.4 121.4 137.2 77.4 — — 215.5 120.3 — —

Western juniper 941.6 118.5 622.9 100.4 735.9 117.1 584.0 104.1 539.6 104.9 315.1 88.7Western white pine 1,151.3 178.9 1,217.7 199.3 1,431.7 232.1 1,356.2 239.5 1,323.4 250.8 1,377.4 247.5

Woodland softwoods 852.1 97.4 510.2 75.6 315.8 59.7 371.0 78.9 268.8 62.9 232.9 59.5

Other western softwoods 4,401.8 521.6 4,189.8 534.2 3,469.4 493.7 3,208.5 493.1 2,570.8 409.9 2,649.5 470.0

Total 125,103.5 2,846.3 119,361.0 2,898.3 114,244.7 3,055.7 106,603.1 2,999.3 99,327.6 3,050.9 93,261.0 3,173.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 333.9 122.2 570.5 249.5 274.4 95.3 161.4 85.0 20.5 20.8 111.8 68.9

Oak 18,626.3 1,058.6 15,036.1 1,028.4 12,542.6 956.5 10,393.5 937.6 8,059.6 884.9 5,168.4 684.0

Red alder 75.7 45.5 80.9 51.9 117.2 65.6 62.7 50.5 — — — —Tanoak 4,267.8 504.2 3,534.2 471.9 3,132.1 527.5 1,096.1 234.5 914.6 213.9 1,483.8 411.9

Woodland hardwoods 152.0 37.5 95.9 33.5 57.3 21.7 8.8 9.0 13.7 14.1 19.3 14.1

Other western hardwoods 4,270.7 420.0 3,326.7 397.0 2,896.8 420.8 2,433.6 479.4 1,609.9 327.2 2,284.4 490.4

Total 27,726.5 1,295.1 22,644.4 1,253.8 19,020.4 1,203.7 14,156.1 1,085.4 10,618.3 976.4 9,067.7 955.8

All species groups 152,830.0 3,112.7 142,005.4 3,151.4 133,265.1 3,274.5 120,759.3 3,197.4 109,945.9 3,215.9 102,328.7 3,335.9
195

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-72—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons, green weight

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 31,405.0 2,039.1 26,103.2 1,838.3 24,724.5 1,999.1 25,947.6 2,119.9 23,803.9 2,006.9 21,076.2 2,032.5 129,507.1 9,857.7 857,639.5 25,013.7

Incense cedar 4,083.2 464.4 3,440.2 452.8 3,031.8 455.1 3,202.6 441.9 2,051.7 392.3 1,533.1 352.0 11,913.9 1,588.5 117,587.6 5,553.2

Lodgepole pine 1,361.3 248.6 1,608.0 325.6 1,114.4 274.7 862.0 243.3 487.6 161.8 243.4 124.5 437.9 256.4 99,706.2 7,087.2Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 9,365.9 836.1 9,406.0 832.6 7,167.4 716.1 5,574.5 694.8 5,895.6 780.4 4,637.5 725.8 13,501.4 1,862.2 312,432.7 9,290.7

Redwood 4,998.3 788.1 6,101.2 855.1 5,291.6 792.5 4,470.2 769.7 3,582.7 676.5 2,971.9 588.2 68,931.4 16,920.6 188,355.3 19,419.7

Sitka spruce 246.5 135.9 248.2 146.5 308.2 205.2 322.1 166.7 — — 72.3 73.2 1,498.8 1,254.5 7,778.1 2,499.6Sugar pine 7,270.7 884.8 7,265.4 969.4 7,947.2 1,076.8 6,946.6 1,151.7 6,763.2 1,068.1 6,406.5 1,154.0 43,804.6 6,391.9 184,029.4 10,476.5

True fir 21,876.0 1,600.4 20,330.4 1,656.4 18,305.0 1,833.5 15,309.2 1,503.7 13,818.6 1,498.1 11,742.9 1,412.8 38,943.0 3,850.8 667,398.5 22,623.2

Western hemlock 126.0 109.8 — — 98.3 100.1 — — 341.4 205.6 — — 852.7 868.7 7,571.7 2,073.7

Western juniper 678.7 154.4 397.8 113.2 355.2 94.7 162.3 64.7 328.0 116.5 193.8 76.9 1,203.2 312.8 27,263.6 1,700.7Western white pine 2,009.3 335.9 1,489.2 282.1 855.2 221.3 1,336.0 301.0 626.6 199.3 1,276.0 328.8 4,452.6 906.9 28,823.7 2,554.5

Woodland softwoods 91.6 34.0 124.6 39.3 59.9 31.2 95.1 42.4 118.9 55.3 — — 79.5 58.2 19,433.1 1,235.4

Other western softwoods 2,116.0 400.9 1,561.5 324.4 1,242.4 335.4 984.1 327.5 1,053.5 317.6 715.3 284.0 3,920.5 1,667.4 82,920.1 6,077.5

Total 85,628.4 3,076.9 78,075.6 2,996.5 70,501.0 3,199.7 65,212.4 3,163.2 58,871.6 3,008.4 50,868.7 2,962.7 319,046.7 22,574.8 2,600,939.6 41,226.0

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 147.4 111.6 — — — — — — — — — — 76.4 77.1 7,613.2 1,671.0

Oak 4,575.6 716.4 4,066.3 703.6 3,666.8 786.6 972.4 366.0 1,752.3 495.7 1,481.8 518.3 4,522.4 1,082.5 699,671.8 16,943.5

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 16,252.3 2,503.8Tanoak 569.2 197.8 235.6 132.0 622.9 276.3 156.5 124.5 496.2 280.4 311.8 196.7 463.6 293.7 188,048.1 9,992.0

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 11.4 11.7 11.0 11.2 — — — — — — 6,938.2 799.6Other western hardwoods 1,475.4 414.6 799.7 289.2 237.7 144.1 885.2 308.0 311.5 181.7 123.8 109.0 1,856.5 555.1 150,916.6 6,481.9

Total 6,767.6 859.5 5,101.6 780.5 4,538.9 844.5 2,025.1 491.3 2,559.9 597.6 1,917.4 565.0 6,918.9 1,249.7 1,069,440.2 21,586.6

All species groups 92,396.0 3,217.9 83,177.2 3,084.3 75,039.9 3,319.5 67,237.5 3,204.8 61,431.5 3,066.9 52,786.1 3,014.0 325,965.6 22,606.2 3,670,379.7 45,947.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
196

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-73—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 111.24 2.31 119.34 9.59 113.75 20.57 66.11 3.07 73.88 3.82 68.48 2.43 100.30 1.81 Douglas-fir 156.57 12.92 122.83 29.75 138.04 26.40 99.03 6.97 114.72 10.31 106.64 6.21 124.75 5.83 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 124.67 5.19 148.89 13.24 113.27 28.63 75.46 7.54 59.90 11.30 71.44 6.35 118.32 4.31 Lodgepole pine 59.62 3.50 75.29 8.25 35.47 12.69 64.91 8.38 57.30 10.79 60.13 7.54 62.88 3.15 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 9.71 0.89 6.01 0.58 6.36 2.00 5.80 1.02 4.27 1.20 4.42 1.09 7.53 0.50 Ponderosa pine 43.17 2.35 36.41 5.92 20.40 6.84 32.70 3.44 50.32 3.80 41.69 2.66 42.25 1.73

Redwood 439.16 75.92 594.08 93.26 472.55 116.44 122.51 11.55 211.11 17.23 156.59 10.71 224.13 20.53

Western juniper 15.03 1.31 10.09 1.13 47.35 31.60 10.94 2.45 10.04 1.04 10.11 0.98 13.01 0.85

Western white pine 44.23 6.51 40.09 10.79 — — — — — — — — 42.05 5.98Other western softwoods 22.46 2.69 26.10 5.67 38.45 23.23 84.25 15.53 89.18 30.18 86.93 17.86 35.05 4.46

Total 85.34 1.53 62.08 5.12 166.00 34.06 72.50 2.59 73.74 3.83 73.04 2.16 80.86 1.38

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 64.27 13.64 98.34 16.65 148.33 4.06 81.18 11.71 76.84 14.27 79.18 9.14 82.77 7.06

Aspen/birch 21.72 7.36 7.35 6.56 38.23 38.23 97.68 97.68 26.90 3.12 42.62 16.11 24.19 6.33

Elm/ash/cottonwood 49.03 49.03 — — 35.53 10.20 — — 47.34 14.56 44.58 14.03 42.87 10.27

Tanoak/laurel 121.76 9.02 85.02 19.60 150.32 18.75 89.57 5.61 114.22 6.09 102.94 4.28 110.58 3.94

Western oak 51.27 2.16 41.53 4.40 46.26 3.67 49.12 2.89 37.36 1.09 39.07 1.03 43.04 0.94

Woodland hardwoods 13.04 1.59 8.03 1.18 26.84 12.24 14.74 14.74 16.30 3.72 16.13 3.33 12.93 1.23

Other hardwoods 42.22 11.43 15.56 13.48 108.07 30.12 71.95 19.45 48.67 7.63 53.12 7.30 51.88 6.63

Total 57.07 2.26 41.60 4.03 74.42 6.55 66.69 3.00 47.08 1.39 51.15 1.24 53.54 1.08

Nonstocked 2.30 0.44 1.68 0.92 — — 2.25 0.73 1.49 0.74 2.01 0.55 2.16 0.34

All forest types 75.58 1.21 54.95 3.73 105.05 12.56 68.81 1.93 53.99 1.43 59.24 1.10 68.15 0.89

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
197

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-74—Average aboveground biomass per acre of dead treesa on forest land by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government

Private

Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 12.95 0.55 20.83 2.73 12.26 6.25 4.37 0.42 4.31 0.83 4.35 0.39 11.10 0.43

Douglas-fir 16.91 2.45 10.50 5.33 10.90 5.74 6.80 1.98 7.76 1.55 7.26 1.27 10.64 1.17

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 18.97 1.46 33.59 6.95 24.42 11.76 6.32 1.66 9.74 3.96 7.21 1.60 18.46 1.32

Hemlock/Sitka spruce — — — — — — 36.80 20.88 5.83 5.74 29.37 16.82 28.68 16.44

Lodgepole pine 7.07 0.75 10.44 1.95 5.47 2.90 9.79 3.88 10.19 3.85 10.04 2.82 8.02 0.72

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 0.98 0.14 0.90 0.22 0.55 0.26 0.25 0.23 0.81 0.33 0.75 0.30 0.91 0.11Ponderosa pine 2.32 0.31 3.34 1.72 1.49 1.00 1.29 0.28 1.13 0.25 1.21 0.18 1.98 0.21Redwood 0.66 0.21 65.75 32.50 21.17 5.43 16.23 4.00 22.46 6.14 18.63 3.42 21.11 3.44

Western juniper 1.28 0.28 0.61 0.20 7.81 5.59 0.61 0.36 0.75 0.23 0.74 0.22 1.05 0.18

Western white pine 8.39 1.85 9.20 2.13 — — 0.61 0.61 — — 0.61 0.61 8.16 1.64

Other western softwoods 4.48 1.06 3.79 1.24 3.84 1.34 0.22 0.20 8.43 4.78 6.80 3.96 4.51 0.83

Total 10.16 0.35 9.95 1.15 11.15 2.37 6.21 0.69 5.64 0.77 5.96 0.51 9.03 0.29

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 17.74 4.94 6.11 2.02 21.35 14.26 6.40 1.49 2.70 1.23 4.70 1.06 8.82 1.91

Aspen/birch 1.59 0.69 — — 28.97 28.97 — — 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 1.55 0.67

Elm/ash/cottonwood 3.30 3.30 — — 0.41 0.31 — — 1.07 0.73 1.01 0.69 1.10 0.54

Tanoak/laurel 13.42 2.48 13.70 6.54 9.99 2.40 7.97 1.83 3.71 0.55 5.66 0.90 8.22 0.92

Western oak 5.73 0.75 2.73 0.58 1.91 0.48 2.45 0.37 1.51 0.15 1.65 0.14 2.89 0.24Woodland hardwoods 3.71 0.85 1.80 0.55 2.72 0.31 0.64 0.64 1.23 0.70 1.16 0.63 2.91 0.55

Other hardwoods 6.70 2.24 3.63 2.74 3.08 1.57 2.84 0.92 2.74 0.81 2.76 0.68 4.20 0.89

Total 6.77 0.65 3.66 0.75 4.17 0.79 4.73 0.74 1.83 0.14 2.43 0.19 3.88 0.23

Nonstocked 18.92 3.90 2.97 1.23 61.47 61.47 0.77 0.38 0.93 0.44 0.82 0.29 13.95 2.80

All forest types 9.63 0.32 8.04 0.83 6.85 1.02 5.57 0.51 2.85 0.24 3.81 0.23 7.10 0.20

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
198

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-75—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 106.45 1.85 29.76 3.99 9.68 1.30 100.30 1.81

Douglas-fir 138.93 6.03 49.44 9.08 21.63 4.53 124.75 5.83

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 125.77 4.38 31.89 8.22 12.03 2.14 118.32 4.31

Lodgepole pine 65.72 3.32 54.54 10.84 10.23 5.28 62.88 3.15

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 8.82 0.57 1.90 0.71 1.25 0.34 7.53 0.50

Ponderosa pine 48.00 1.85 12.27 1.84 4.42 1.10 42.25 1.73

Redwood 239.80 21.65 21.46 6.00 12.64 3.16 224.13 20.53

Western juniper 14.82 0.97 6.11 1.43 2.23 0.67 13.01 0.85

Western white pine 51.02 6.59 7.71 1.58 13.52 5.62 42.05 5.98

Other western softwoods 48.25 6.03 11.01 2.59 6.00 1.27 35.05 4.46

Total 89.35 1.50 17.51 1.79 8.17 0.74 80.86 1.38

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 105.61 7.39 58.36 11.24 17.62 6.83 82.77 7.06

Aspen/birch 51.12 11.94 42.93 14.22 9.52 2.75 24.19 6.33

Elm/ash/cottonwood 51.71 10.58 3.28 3.03 10.54 1.05 42.87 10.27

Tanoak/laurel 139.84 4.64 77.03 4.35 18.50 3.06 110.58 3.94

Western oak 56.75 1.47 34.70 1.22 13.09 0.98 43.04 0.94

Woodland hardwoods 14.02 1.32 10.74 3.83 2.25 0.84 12.93 1.23

Other hardwoods 113.93 12.74 34.75 6.35 5.53 1.04 51.88 6.63

Total 72.85 1.72 39.40 1.25 12.71 0.83 53.54 1.08

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 2.16 0.34

 

All forest types 84.52 1.15 35.50 1.11 10.95 0.59 68.15 0.89

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass 

of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
199

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-76—Average aboveground biomass per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 11.59 0.45 4.41 1.45 4.49 1.62 11.10 0.43

Douglas-fir 11.14 1.27 1.45 0.79 11.02 5.01 10.64 1.17

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 18.17 1.21 16.37 9.02 23.68 12.01 18.46 1.32

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 31.90 17.92 — — 0.76 0.76 28.68 16.44

Lodgepole pine 8.39 0.75 8.08 4.49 0.21 0.19 8.02 0.72

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 0.86 0.10 1.33 0.66 0.86 0.41 0.91 0.11

Ponderosa pine 2.17 0.24 0.58 0.26 1.15 0.60 1.98 0.21

Redwood 22.22 3.67 8.51 2.02 4.78 2.43 21.11 3.44

Western juniper 1.24 0.21 0.19 0.14 0.04 0.02 1.05 0.18

Western white pine 9.87 1.99 1.57 0.32 2.70 1.47 8.16 1.64

Other western softwoods 5.82 1.08 1.30 0.62 2.56 1.87 4.51 0.83

Total 9.65 0.31 2.52 0.53 5.09 1.40 9.03 0.29

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 10.47 2.84 6.72 2.50 4.88 2.25 8.82 1.91

Aspen/birch 2.84 1.67 4.36 2.40 0.20 0.14 1.55 0.67

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.61 0.40 — — 4.01 0.40 1.10 0.54

Tanoak/laurel 9.19 1.01 3.53 1.10 11.59 4.59 8.22 0.92

Western oak 3.12 0.22 1.67 0.15 5.18 1.46 2.89 0.24

Woodland hardwoods 2.72 0.47 5.35 2.92 — — 2.91 0.55

Other hardwoods 7.67 1.58 1.91 0.62 2.55 1.62 4.20 0.89

Total 4.53 0.27 2.03 0.19 5.51 1.20 3.88 0.23

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 13.95 2.80

 

All forest types 8.15 0.23 2.12 0.18 5.35 0.91 7.10 0.20

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is 

estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
200

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-77—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 11.93 2.76 42.13 4.05 59.68 3.54 82.03 2.86 97.70 3.56 105.14 5.65 136.15 7.82 Douglas-fir 24.40 3.20 79.51 6.52 110.96 7.84 123.54 13.58 160.95 19.63 135.43 26.08 192.21 33.18 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 9.14 3.09 27.49 13.87 58.13 5.39 87.97 8.31 114.29 6.72 118.54 9.54 147.09 16.24 Hemlock/Sitka spruce — — 121.29 13.44 99.39 7.66 — — 131.75 131.75 448.27 448.27 — —

Lodgepole pine 3.71 1.81 20.24 10.62 46.40 10.84 45.17 6.46 47.77 7.53 64.11 9.37 68.74 8.92

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 0.57 0.45 1.89 0.81 5.99 2.85 6.69 1.34 10.17 1.56 5.94 2.28 7.05 1.93

Ponderosa pine 7.35 1.16 22.93 3.12 47.44 6.17 39.31 2.53 54.69 3.10 58.93 8.35 67.06 12.63

Redwood 30.65 8.45 85.33 21.70 142.47 17.28 175.76 15.16 229.03 19.90 235.15 19.31 173.81 43.21

Western juniper 0.86 0.41 3.42 0.97 6.94 1.08 10.26 0.92 12.71 1.50 16.86 3.00 11.65 3.10Western white pine — — — — 32.34 6.81 59.91 59.91 21.20 12.75 81.19 81.19 11.80 0.96

Other western softwoods 8.90 3.64 28.25 22.16 14.26 4.83 29.59 11.10 45.51 20.58 29.80 6.11 8.77 3.83

Total 11.59 1.42 46.07 3.48 62.42 3.10 65.45 2.31 80.36 2.75 89.48 4.26 107.88 6.20

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 35.41 13.43 78.11 10.36 86.04 15.95 121.73 9.28 78.79 19.23 227.19 227.19 75.33 75.33

Aspen/birch 12.86 6.34 19.05 10.08 45.79 25.03 22.74 0.56 32.75 32.75 — — 81.24 81.24

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 20.02 10.00 — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 12.08 2.99 78.29 5.13 108.65 6.10 142.42 10.12 128.35 12.36 109.81 24.01 109.14 26.11

Western oak 10.15 1.57 22.99 2.74 35.15 1.87 47.75 2.34 55.33 2.90 59.31 5.37 60.10 6.53

Woodland hardwoods — — 3.44 1.03 6.92 1.14 12.25 1.50 8.99 1.81 26.20 6.95 11.91 11.91

Other hardwoods 4.00 1.62 24.40 5.65 76.91 13.55 81.36 18.31 45.55 14.58 106.13 41.96 164.72 71.90

Total 10.83 1.35 49.71 3.27 55.46 2.67 62.44 3.08 60.28 3.02 65.86 5.79 70.92 8.17

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 11.23 0.99 47.96 2.37 58.81 2.01 64.28 1.84 73.69 2.11 83.20 3.52 98.92 5.18
201

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-77—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 117.82 5.75 125.97 10.92 127.59 10.32 148.45 6.88 30.00 10.59 100.30 1.81Douglas-fir 160.08 26.12 184.94 52.21 207.33 27.17 230.81 28.91 10.24 0.71 124.75 5.83

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 118.86 13.72 149.77 17.82 162.51 19.07 185.55 15.82 — — 118.32 4.31

Hemlock/Sitka spruce — — — — — — — — — — 104.09 12.54

Lodgepole pine 85.43 9.59 51.56 5.61 83.73 12.79 72.56 7.47 — — 62.88 3.15Pinyon/juniper woodlands 7.87 2.46 11.08 1.88 12.13 3.33 13.14 1.61 5.18 0.62 7.53 0.50

Ponderosa pine 49.83 9.93 30.74 4.60 52.34 14.71 51.34 9.96 9.73 9.73 42.25 1.73Redwood 267.93 267.93 243.54 61.64 287.15 141.10 599.04 92.33 — — 224.13 20.53

Western juniper 26.01 5.18 24.13 10.38 27.79 8.41 21.24 4.20 12.07 3.43 13.01 0.85

Western white pine 28.89 12.74 47.68 18.79 46.08 21.30 49.63 8.91 — — 42.05 5.98

Other western softwoods 8.82 1.01 10.96 2.54 29.86 4.75 36.78 6.71 31.48 8.76 28.92 4.26

Total 95.06 4.82 104.69 8.20 110.82 8.27 136.31 7.90 7.76 1.03 80.86 1.38

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 93.25 93.25 — — 130.49 130.49 — — 53.24 18.29 82.77 7.06Aspen/birch — — 4.33 4.33 40.76 40.76 — — 4.91 2.58 24.19 6.33Elm/ash/cottonwood 21.70 21.70 — — — — 103.24 103.24 50.98 11.27 42.87 10.27Tanoak/laurel 206.76 19.47 197.96 28.10 121.86 30.82 182.05 17.73 82.47 11.67 110.58 3.94

Western oak 64.62 7.71 56.72 11.99 82.57 14.40 48.86 9.06 37.76 1.40 43.04 0.94

Woodland hardwoods 15.49 4.47 — — 8.80 2.64 38.83 10.19 12.84 2.42 12.93 1.23

Other hardwoods 62.05 28.72 0.81 0.81 — — 116.53 40.28 23.58 7.18 51.88 6.63

Total 92.06 9.95 77.29 15.96 84.80 12.89 104.54 12.92 37.92 1.40 53.54 1.08

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 2.16 0.34 2.16 0.34

All forest types 94.32 4.39 100.05 7.38 106.62 7.27 132.97 7.20 27.88 1.10 68.15 0.89

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
202

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-78—Average aboveground biomass per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, California, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 6.98 2.67 3.10 1.03 4.22 0.85 6.16 0.57 9.36 0.69 10.18 1.17 13.28 1.49 Douglas-fir 2.86 0.90 6.21 2.74 6.81 1.19 6.96 1.42 14.23 4.81 0.71 0.36 24.40 12.52 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 40.22 22.21 2.97 1.84 5.57 1.38 9.87 1.86 18.23 2.71 23.06 4.80 20.17 3.79

Lodgepole pine — — 0.10 0.11 5.06 1.96 5.22 1.49 6.87 1.76 9.90 3.44 4.33 1.36

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 2.19 1.55 0.05 0.04 1.68 1.06 0.85 0.25 0.65 0.15 0.73 0.28 1.26 0.61Ponderosa pine 1.37 0.51 0.19 0.09 1.59 0.43 1.77 0.52 1.91 0.41 2.60 0.81 3.21 1.33

Redwood 26.81 17.21 16.17 6.89 41.67 13.10 11.67 2.95 20.71 7.48 12.40 3.41 7.78 1.84

Western juniper 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.41 0.21 0.73 0.25 0.82 0.30 0.57 0.25 1.10 0.45

Western white pine 0.61 0.61 — — 3.54 0.75 3.01 3.01 11.30 10.41 12.11 12.11 8.17 0.66Other western softwoods 2.37 1.14 27.14 21.63 5.46 2.44 2.26 1.31 6.99 3.29 4.21 3.17 — —

Total 8.17 2.50 4.65 1.27 6.55 1.13 5.01 0.37 7.97 0.56 9.54 0.99 11.03 1.10

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 9.21 5.06 7.05 1.36 8.08 5.36 16.45 8.84 4.13 2.88 — — 22.24 0

Aspen/birch — — 1.21 0.85 3.97 4.14 1.83 2.04 0.42 0.42 — — 7.07 7.07

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 3.79 0.50 — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 9.00 4.70 7.35 2.07 3.91 0.65 5.59 1.09 9.41 3.38 7.98 2.97 25.96 7.15

Western oak 11.98 4.03 1.51 0.43 1.43 0.23 2.88 0.34 2.80 0.31 4.55 0.73 3.86 0.90

Woodland hardwoods — — — — 1.49 0.55 3.99 1.48 2.47 1.91 3.64 1.08 0.20 0.20

Other hardwoods 0.42 0.16 1.72 1.04 4.96 1.76 2.04 0.55 4.94 2.28 7.31 4.21 6.64 3.23

Total 9.76 2.75 4.35 0.90 2.36 0.29 3.49 0.34 3.51 0.44 4.91 0.69 6.40 1.37

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

All forest types 8.92 1.85 4.49 0.77 4.38 0.57 4.42 0.26 6.49 0.41 8.31 0.76 9.91 0.91
203

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-78—Average aboveground biomass per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201+ Unknown All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 15.68 1.57 20.56 3.54 16.49 2.14 20.74 1.76 32.26 22.06 11.10 0.43

Douglas-fir 12.60 4.08 23.68 8.97 47.81 11.13 23.81 3.89 6.05 0.42 10.64 1.17

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 21.00 4.56 22.64 5.73 23.78 4.25 24.88 3.42 — — 18.46 1.32

Lodgepole pine 10.98 2.48 8.32 3.09 10.48 1.64 9.88 1.59 — — 8.02 0.72Pinyon/juniper woodlands 0.88 0.49 0.85 0.30 1.23 0.45 0.94 0.21 0.84 0.18 0.91 0.11Ponderosa pine 4.52 1.25 0.93 0.60 5.20 2.10 7.07 1.78 — — 1.98 0.21

Redwood 8.73 8.73 15.04 9.88 18.10 7.71 15.99 5.44 — — 21.11 3.44

Western juniper 3.02 1.09 7.94 2.97 3.62 1.59 1.87 0.88 0.10 0.10 1.05 0.18

Western white pine 1.65 1.16 20.92 6.69 9.27 1.87 7.27 1.77 — — 8.16 1.64

Other western softwoods 0.12 0.08 3.58 2.72 3.26 1.28 8.67 1.99 6.20 2.86 6.48 1.69

Total 12.59 1.13 16.21 2.08 15.05 1.47 15.53 1.01 1.85 0.74 9.03 0.29

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 28.90 28.90 — — 24.51 24.51 — — 0.45 0.23 8.82 1.91

Aspen/birch — — — — 1.26 1.26 — — 0.53 0.37 1.55 0.67

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 0.52 0.40 1.10 0.54

Tanoak/laurel 11.78 2.30 5.91 3.10 9.33 4.77 32.43 10.17 7.06 2.56 8.22 0.92

Western oak 5.78 1.62 6.79 3.88 6.27 2.10 4.50 2.00 1.46 0.17 2.89 0.24

Woodland hardwoods 3.39 2.08 — — 0.49 0.34 7.74 3.42 2.56 0.59 2.91 0.55Other hardwoods 0.08 0.06 0.17 0.17 — — 18.11 6.18 5.13 3.05 4.20 0.89

Total 6.98 1.28 6.05 2.93 6.82 1.83 16.38 4.25 1.81 0.21 3.88 0.23

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 13.95 2.80 13.95 2.80

All forest types 11.21 0.92 14.49 1.82 13.73 1.29 15.62 1.00 3.80 0.52 7.10 0.20

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
204

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-79—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams USDA Forest Service: National forest 380,335.5 8,764.9 31,801.0 2,254.8 412,136.6 8,702.5 107,024.2 6,318.8 15,202.4 1,714.2 122,226.5 6,493.9 534,363.1 8,636.6 Total 380,335.5 8,764.9 31,801.0 2,254.8 412,136.6 8,702.5 107,024.2 6,318.8 15,202.4 1,714.2 122,226.5 6,493.9 534,363.1 8,636.6 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 10,399.5 1,822.3 6,289.5 863.1 16,689.0 1,989.7 897.6 464.5 957.8 223.5 1,855.4 511.0 18,544.4 2,045.4 Departments of Defense or Energy 146.6 160.9 793.5 274.5 940.1 318.1 — — — — — — 940.1 318.1

National Park Service — — — — — — 54,803.1 5,758.3 5,124.3 927.7 59,927.4 5,710.0 59,927.4 5,710.0U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service — — — — — — 54.4 66.9 2.4 2.4 56.8 66.9 56.8 66.9

Other federal — — 727.8 313.8 727.8 313.8 1,257.0 911.6 290.3 261.4 1,547.3 947.2 2,275.1 997.8

Total 10,546.1 1,829.3 7,810.7 947.9 18,356.8 2,024.3 57,012.1 5,827.2 6,374.8 983.4 63,386.9 5,775.4 81,743.7 5,994.2

State and local government:

Local 2,715.3 1,084.3 4,460.8 946.5 7,176.2 1,441.8 1,551.8 987.1 2,091.5 640.9 3,643.3 1,176.3 10,819.5 1,844.7State 6,838.7 1,866.8 1,526.7 499.1 8,365.4 1,927.0 29,593.1 6,802.6 4,401.0 1,233.3 33,994.1 6,905.4 42,359.4 6,988.2

Other public — — 25.1 22.8 25.1 22.8 445.8 396.7 43.3 41.5 489.2 398.9 514.2 399.5

Total 9,554.0 2,146.3 6,012.6 1,066.8 15,566.6 2,388.9 31,590.7 6,880.6 6,535.8 1,388.8 38,126.6 7,007.7 53,693.1 7,215.8

Corporate private 134,094.2 5,461.1 7,689.3 1,050.4 141,783.5 5,531.9 — — — — — — 141,783.5 5,531.9

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental 

conservation or natural resource organizations 8,707.4 1,493.7 813.4 317.9 9,520.7 1,526.7 — — — — — — 9,520.7 1,526.7

Unicorporated partnerships, 

associations, clubs 3,509.4 1,061.0 482.4 188.3 3,991.7 1,086.4 — — — — — — 3,991.7 1,086.4

Native American 8,252.4 1,993.0 526.0 259.8 8,778.4 2,002.4 — — — — — — 8,778.4 2,002.4

Individual 115,301.3 5,986.2 65,200.3 2,973.0 180,501.6 6,390.4 — — — — — — 180,501.6 6,390.4

Total 135,770.4 6,398.9 67,022.0 2,996.0 202,792.4 6,765.5 — — — — — — 202,792.4 6,765.5

All private 269,864.6 6,988.8 74,711.3 3,104.8 344,575.9 7,091.5 — — — — — — 344,575.9 7,091.5

All owners 670,300.2 11,306.1 120,335.7 4,036.8 790,635.9 11,316.2 195,627.0 10,565.5 28,113.0 2,413.0 223,740.0 10,718.1 1,014,375.9 13,366.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
205

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-80—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 45,582.8 2,004.0 3,002.0 343.4 48,584.7 2,018.4 17,530.4 1,410.4 1,995.4 315.2 19,525.8 1,438.4 68,110.6 2,297.7

Total 45,582.8 2,004.0 3,002.0 343.4 48,584.7 2,018.4 17,530.4 1,410.4 1,995.4 315.2 19,525.8 1,438.4 68,110.6 2,297.7

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land 

Management 732.6 253.7 653.9 121.2 1,386.5 280.5 157.4 127.1 90.8 30.1 248.2 130.6 1,634.8 308.1

Departments of Defense or 

Energy — — 21.7 15.8 21.7 15.8 — — — — — — 21.7 15.8

National Park Service — — — — — — 9,456.9 1,230.6 585.2 133.4 10,042.2 1,221.8 10,042.2 1,221.8

Other federal — — 9.0 6.7 9.0 6.7 243.9 226.1 11.4 10.0 255.3 226.3 264.3 226.4

Total 732.6 253.7 684.6 122.3 1,417.3 280.9 9,858.2 1,249.3 687.5 136.9 10,545.7 1,240.1 11,963.0 1,264.3

State and local government:

Local 226.9 133.7 164.9 64.7 391.8 148.4 135.8 95.9 27.0 14.2 162.8 96.9 554.7 177.1

State 341.5 129.4 46.6 20.9 388.1 131.0 2,247.4 521.9 301.3 103.7 2,548.7 529.9 2,936.8 537.6

Other public — — — — — — 7.1 6.3 1.9 2.2 9.0 6.7 9.0 6.7

Total 568.4 185.9 211.5 67.9 779.9 197.8 2,390.3 529.8 330.2 104.7 2,720.5 537.8 3,500.5 564.9

Corporate private 11,218.0 1,092.5 258.5 56.5 11,476.5 1,093.4 — — — — — — 11,476.5 1,093.4Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental 

conservation or natural resource organizations 495.3 165.6 8.4 5.8 503.6 165.6 — — — — — — 503.6 165.6

Unicorporated partnerships, 

associations, clubs 177.8 88.8 43.3 37.8 221.1 96.5 — — — — — — 221.1 96.5

Native American 601.3 249.0 15.2 11.5 616.5 248.7 — — — — — — 616.5 248.7

Individual 6,902.0 825.7 2,451.2 257.8 9,353.2 861.3 — — — — — — 9,353.2 861.3

Total 8,176.4 878.8 2,518.0 260.7 10,694.4 912.5 — — — — — — 10,694.4 912.5

All private 19,394.4 1,362.1 2,776.5 265.9 22,170.9 1,379.6 — — — — — — 22,170.9 1,379.6

All owners 66,278.2 2,438.5 6,674.6 455.6 72,952.8 2,462.9 29,779.0 1,940.2 3,013.1 359.1 32,792.1 1,956.5 105,744.8 2,982.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
206

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-81—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Softwoods: California mixed conifer 261,203.6 8,178.4 24,551.1 3,235.9 4,438.9 1,408.0 43,515.2 3,092.2 21,316.8 2,269.4 64,832.0 3,552.4 355,025.6 9,520.4 Douglas-fir 24,400.9 3,046.2 2,437.3 1,099.1 3,673.3 1,389.4 14,846.3 2,157.8 16,201.7 2,601.7 31,048.0 3,268.1 61,559.5 4,774.2 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 85,771.3 6,086.3 12,274.7 2,442.5 892.6 587.6 8,178.3 1,510.2 2,256.7 739.8 10,435.0 1,657.4 109,373.6 6,790.5 Lodgepole pine 18,913.1 1,984.0 8,023.7 1,458.5 260.1 192.3 756.0 384.5 1,125.4 473.5 1,881.4 607.9 29,078.2 2,541.2 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 3,730.1 406.2 1,999.0 238.7 216.5 93.5 54.9 31.8 360.5 118.8 415.5 123.0 6,361.1 497.0

Ponderosa pine 27,118.1 2,190.0 1,450.8 427.8 145.0 77.9 5,472.9 873.6 8,774.7 1,203.2 14,247.6 1,453.8 42,961.5 2,664.4

Redwood 2,726.3 1,791.1 10,226.5 4,365.0 18,629.3 6,448.3 19,530.3 2,953.8 21,041.5 3,728.4 40,571.8 4,596.5 72,153.8 8,747.0Western juniper 5,593.5 652.9 1,661.6 261.5 247.3 243.9 123.8 55.2 1,433.0 219.7 1,556.7 225.9 9,059.0 777.0

Western white pine 2,883.9 720.1 293.2 175.7 — — — — — — — — 3,177.1 741.2

Other western softwoods 3,082.5 551.3 1,684.6 480.7 252.0 230.8 1,687.1 705.3 2,136.9 992.3 3,824.0 1,215.0 8,843.0 1,436.7

Total 435,423.2 8,998.8 64,602.5 5,827.6 28,755.0 6,648.9 94,164.7 4,835.6 74,647.3 5,245.9 168,812.0 6,497.3 697,592.7 13,534.9

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 1,632.8 607.9 1,397.5 671.0 1,117.9 618.8 3,003.4 932.0 2,421.9 795.4 5,425.3 1,220.8 9,573.5 1,634.3

Aspen/birch 497.2 227.5 30.1 25.5 20.0 20.4 139.0 148.0 134.1 94.1 273.1 175.4 820.4 289.1

Elm/ash/cottonwood 112.3 118.4 — — 162.1 122.2 — — 773.2 411.9 773.2 411.9 1,047.6 445.7Tanoak/laurel 27,891.6 3,450.1 2,883.7 1,079.1 10,498.1 2,436.8 23,969.7 2,744.9 36,247.6 3,734.9 60,217.3 4,379.6 101,490.8 6,095.5

Western oak 62,563.7 3,593.3 12,075.9 1,643.8 10,055.0 1,296.9 18,485.5 1,853.6 82,782.7 3,381.4 101,268.2 3,735.2 185,962.7 5,496.6

Woodland hardwoods 1,683.6 312.8 379.2 103.9 240.4 134.7 44.6 38.7 417.6 154.0 462.1 158.8 2,765.2 390.1

Other hardwoods 3,998.4 1,269.0 313.8 297.5 2,844.7 1,205.5 1,865.2 744.6 5,334.5 1,131.4 7,199.8 1,349.2 14,356.6 2,286.1

Total 98,379.5 4,983.1 17,080.1 2,082.2 24,938.1 3,045.9 47,507.5 3,434.6 128,111.6 4,983.6 175,619.1 5,529.6 316,016.9 8,058.5

Nonstocked 560.4 122.5 61.1 36.8 — — 111.2 41.0 33.6 20.1 144.8 45.6 766.4 135.7

All forest types 534,363.1 8,636.6 81,743.7 5,994.2 53,693.1 7,215.8 141,783.5 5,531.9 202,792.4 6,765.5 344,575.9 7,091.5 1,014,375.9 13,366.1Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
207

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-82—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 30,411.1 1,467.5 4,286.4 698.2 478.6 276.8 2,874.4 318.4 1,243.5 267.0 4,117.9 406.1 39,294.0 1,694.8Douglas-fir 2,636.0 466.8 208.3 132.4 290.1 179.6 1,018.8 324.2 1,096.0 265.9 2,114.9 415.8 5,249.1 663.2Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 

13,054.4 1,256.5 2,768.9 743.3 192.4 147.0 685.4 209.5 367.1 181.4 1,052.5 272.5 17,068.2 1,492.3

Lodgepole pine 2,243.9 306.9 1,112.2 266.1 40.1 32.9 114.0 67.6 200.2 105.0 314.2 124.5 3,710.4 426.1

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 377.4 56.8 300.8 73.6 18.8 10.2 2.4 2.5 68.4 30.7 70.8 30.8 767.8 98.1

Ponderosa pine 1,456.0 213.4 133.3 76.2 10.6 10.3 215.3 52.9 197.0 48.2 412.2 70.9 2,012.1 237.6Redwood 4.1 3.1 1,131.8 710.9 834.4 295.4 2,587.7 720.7 2,238.5 700.4 4,826.2 996.5 6,796.5 1,238.4

Western juniper 477.3 112.8 100.6 35.2 40.8 41.5 6.9 5.5 106.4 36.2 113.2 36.6 731.9 130.5

Western white pine 547.1 159.0 67.3 44.6 — — 1.8 1.8 — — 1.8 1.8 616.2 165.1Other western softwoods 614.4 167.3 243.1 93.4 25.2 15.9 563.3 401.6 189.4 112.8 752.7 416.7 1,635.4 458.9

Total 51,821.7 1,847.7 10,352.6 1,235.7 1,930.9 465.0 8,070.0 956.4 5,706.6 827.4 13,776.5 1,242.3 77,881.7 2,564.6

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 450.7 199.8 86.9 49.8 160.9 152.4 237.0 87.7 85.0 45.2 322.0 98.6 1,020.5 274.3

Aspen/birch 36.5 18.7 — — 15.2 15.4 — — 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 52.4 24.2

Elm/ash/cottonwood 7.6 8.0 — — 1.9 1.9 — — 17.5 13.9 17.5 13.9 26.9 16.1Tanoak/laurel 3,074.9 649.3 464.6 263.5 698.0 219.0 2,132.8 532.1 1,177.0 205.3 3,309.8 564.0 7,547.3 923.5

Western oak 6,988.9 962.5 792.8 183.8 416.1 113.3 922.9 159.9 3,354.9 340.7 4,277.8 374.1 12,475.6 1,054.1

Woodland hardwoods 479.2 128.0 84.9 32.6 24.3 14.1 1.9 1.7 31.4 20.9 33.4 21.0 621.8 134.5

Other hardwoods 634.8 239.3 73.1 62.1 81.0 48.7 73.5 32.7 300.1 101.4 373.6 106.5 1,162.6 273.4

Total 11,672.5 1,194.5 1,502.3 331.0 1,397.4 292.9 3,368.1 559.3 4,966.7 409.6 8,334.9 681.5 22,907.1 1,440.5

Nonstocked 4,616.3 1,075.7 108.0 54.3 172.2 175.4 38.4 19.9 21.1 9.6 59.4 22.0 4,956.0 1,091.5

All forest types 68,110.6 2,297.7 11,963.0 1,264.3 3,500.5 564.9 11,476.5 1,093.4 10,694.4 912.5 22,170.9 1,379.6 105,744.8 2,982.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
208

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-83—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 351,065.7 9,537.3 2,402.1 533.7 1,557.8 280.1 355,025.6 9,520.4

Douglas-fir 59,441.5 4,759.5 1,242.8 454.0 875.2 292.9 61,559.5 4,774.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 108,419.0 6,783.7 328.4 174.4 626.2 179.1 109,373.6 6,790.5

Lodgepole pine 27,834.3 2,495.3 1,041.1 456.5 202.8 127.4 29,078.2 2,541.2

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 6,113.3 498.4 170.7 69.7 77.2 26.4 6,361.1 497.0

Ponderosa pine 41,676.7 2,660.8 981.9 205.5 303.0 96.9 42,961.5 2,664.4

Redwood 71,781.7 8,747.8 210.4 117.8 161.7 84.3 72,153.8 8,747.0

Western juniper 8,586.9 773.1 332.9 93.7 139.2 51.5 9,059.0 777.0

Western white pine 2,958.9 731.9 25.5 25.2 192.7 115.3 3,177.1 741.2

Other western softwoods 8,182.0 1,425.3 361.9 137.6 299.1 92.9 8,843.0 1,436.7

Total 686,060.0 13,599.3 7,097.8 903.3 4,434.9 499.2 697,592.7 13,534.9

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 7,538.2 1,512.0 1,797.7 616.4 237.6 148.3 9,573.5 1,634.3

Aspen/birch 326.9 206.7 297.5 183.4 196.0 85.4 820.4 289.1

Elm/ash/cottonwood 1,004.1 444.2 4.2 3.3 39.4 35.9 1,047.6 445.7

Tanoak/laurel 83,528.6 5,921.7 15,836.9 1,988.0 2,125.2 462.3 101,490.8 6,095.5

Western oak 125,447.4 5,027.1 52,833.6 2,751.9 7,681.7 755.3 185,962.7 5,496.6

Woodland hardwoods 2,441.1 371.2 296.8 119.7 27.3 16.0 2,765.2 390.1

Other hardwoods 11,221.8 2,184.6 2,556.3 675.2 578.4 143.3 14,356.6 2,286.1

Total 231,508.0 7,843.7 73,623.2 3,457.5 10,885.7 912.9 316,016.9 8,058.5

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 766.4 135.7

 

All forest types 917,568.0 13,847.4 80,721.0 3,551.9 15,320.6 1,032.9 1,014,375.9 13,366.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a

 Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to 

aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by 

multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.

b

 Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
209

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-84—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 38,215.7 1,674.8 356.0 134.3 722.3 275.1 39,294.0 1,694.8

Douglas-fir 4,766.9 624.2 36.4 23.2 445.9 224.9 5,249.1 663.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 15,667.2 1,328.2 168.6 123.8 1,232.4 689.2 17,068.2 1,492.3

Lodgepole pine 3,552.0 413.1 154.3 104.5 4.1 4.1 3,710.4 426.1

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 595.5 72.6 119.1 62.9 53.1 28.1 767.8 98.1

Ponderosa pine 1,887.1 232.8 46.0 21.5 79.0 43.5 2,012.1 237.6

Redwood 6,651.9 1,232.5 83.5 50.3 61.1 35.4 6,796.5 1,238.4

Western juniper 719.4 130.3 10.2 7.4 2.3 1.3 731.9 130.5

Western white pine 572.5 162.8 5.2 5.1 38.5 26.8 616.2 165.1

Other western softwoods 1,468.8 448.3 42.7 23.1 123.8 94.8 1,635.4 458.9

Total 74,097.1 2,461.3 1,022.0 228.8 2,762.6 783.8 77,881.7 2,564.6

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 747.7 250.4 207.0 103.2 65.8 44.1 1,020.5 274.3

Aspen/birch 18.1 15.1 30.2 18.7 4.0 3.2 52.4 24.2

Elm/ash/cottonwood 11.9 8.6 — — 15.0 13.6 26.9 16.1

Tanoak/laurel 5,490.8 699.1 724.9 240.9 1,331.6 564.4 7,547.3 923.5

Western oak 6,890.3 534.8 2,546.1 252.5 3,039.2 882.4 12,475.6 1,054.1

Woodland hardwoods 473.9 100.9 147.9 88.6 — — 621.8 134.5

Other hardwoods 755.3 201.2 140.5 53.0 266.8 175.6 1,162.6 273.4

Total 14,388.1 928.4 3,796.7 377.7 4,722.3 1,061.2 22,907.1 1,440.5

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 4,956.0 1,091.5

 

All forest types 88,485.2 2,546.4 4,818.7 440.4 7,484.9 1,317.6 105,744.8 2,982.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a

 Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to 

aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by 

multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.

b

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
210

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-85—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 1.0–2.9 3.0–4.9 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Softwoods: Douglas-fir 786.5 50.3 2,821.8 189.3 5,260.2 208.1 6,782.4 274.9 8,426.7 343.3 9,073.9 402.1 10,110.9 448.8 Incense cedar 246.8 23.9 777.6 70.0 1,277.6 72.4 1,474.0 87.2 1,770.7 110.3 1,835.9 121.8 1,863.0 148.1 Lodgepole pine 633.4 99.4 673.9 141.4 859.7 114.2 935.9 104.6 1,350.4 154.1 1,441.6 143.2 2,074.4 208.3

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 254.6 20.1 1,038.0 85.2 2,246.1 109.3 3,280.3 164.3 4,415.0 220.6 5,292.3 260.0 6,226.0 312.1

Redwood 143.2 20.0 173.7 31.2 506.4 48.7 783.2 74.6 1,083.5 106.6 1,788.6 173.3 1,839.0 185.8

Sitka spruce 9.6 5.9 13.3 13.5 19.4 7.9 45.0 19.3 47.6 23.2 80.4 42.8 102.8 50.7

Sugar pine 31.2 4.7 133.9 28.5 261.5 22.9 400.1 35.9 532.8 53.2 681.0 65.0 690.2 84.5

True fir 3,311.6 208.4 3,018.7 196.4 4,588.7 178.2 5,992.6 233.9 7,706.7 324.7 8,610.8 372.4 10,797.5 490.7

Western hemlock 26.0 8.8 55.0 27.2 55.1 24.5 78.7 17.1 120.3 38.5 110.0 38.5 189.0 67.3

Western juniper 51.6 9.1 175.8 35.4 325.5 28.5 501.9 42.4 628.7 54.4 686.7 64.8 650.2 70.6Western white pine 114.4 26.1 99.4 26.3 111.1 15.7 117.9 16.9 153.7 25.6 138.4 25.5 216.2 37.0

Woodland softwoods 33.5 8.9 43.7 8.0 119.5 10.8 234.1 21.2 393.2 33.5 483.7 47.1 630.2 60.2

Other western softwoods 514.2 76.4 417.5 69.6 680.4 64.6 848.6 75.1 988.1 92.7 1,099.7 104.9 1,287.8 128.5

Total 6,156.5 256.6 9,442.3 342.4 16,311.2 341.9 21,474.6 433.4 27,617.3 564.7 31,323.1 656.2 36,677.2 795.7

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 139.6 37.7 84.2 40.6 60.4 22.8 50.0 15.3 71.1 21.0 86.4 31.6 108.5 36.4

Oak 2,686.6 173.5 7,684.9 483.0 14,824.3 518.3 19,204.2 631.6 19,757.7 657.1 17,154.7 629.4 15,573.1 637.5

Red alder 20.9 6.6 81.9 25.9 258.6 48.2 506.0 78.2 777.1 137.1 830.5 166.9 484.9 110.7

Tanoak 1,241.8 92.5 2,665.4 201.2 5,019.3 284.2 5,987.4 353.1 6,371.8 411.5 5,952.1 413.1 5,191.9 407.3

Woodland hardwoods 44.7 9.0 55.7 14.1 131.8 17.1 190.5 26.1 233.4 34.5 213.8 28.5 217.5 32.9

Other western hardwoods 1,046.6 87.8 2,330.6 265.3 3,065.0 161.7 3,784.7 212.8 4,146.0 234.6 4,144.3 271.0 4,099.8 310.7

Total 5,180.1 222.3 12,902.7 594.0 23,359.5 610.9 29,722.9 750.4 31,357.2 815.4 28,381.9 829.7 25,675.6 854.8

All species groups 11,336.7 337.5 22,345.0 692.2 39,670.6 694.9 51,197.5 850.5 58,974.5 970.2 59,704.9 1,038.0 62,352.9 1,140.9
211

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-85—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 10,916.8 529.0 10,962.3 585.6 8,834.8 574.6 9,592.9 662.2 8,782.4 552.4 8,964.1 405.9 7,801.6 391.1Incense cedar 2,167.6 169.9 2,222.8 198.7 2,150.7 211.6 2,086.4 238.6 2,029.3 210.7 2,047.2 148.4 1,854.0 143.0Lodgepole pine 1,831.4 201.3 2,444.3 252.8 2,300.4 258.3 2,382.6 304.9 1,749.2 200.7 1,822.7 175.7 1,513.1 164.4Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 6,601.2 363.4 6,848.1 396.4 6,948.7 461.1 6,789.7 483.9 5,851.4 377.5 5,354.7 267.7 5,573.0 298.8

Redwood 2,078.7 218.7 2,201.6 265.5 2,571.8 307.0 2,960.5 346.0 2,681.2 328.2 3,178.8 321.0 2,973.3 278.2

Sitka spruce 105.0 67.5 159.3 102.4 104.3 55.7 141.3 81.0 28.9 18.6 72.7 36.8 41.2 23.4Sugar pine 985.6 122.8 1,196.6 151.0 1,680.5 214.9 1,625.1 233.5 1,862.1 223.7 1,911.3 150.6 2,177.1 190.0

True fir 11,115.5 550.0 11,986.0 644.0 11,895.8 647.9 11,282.6 702.8 10,509.9 617.5 10,479.8 519.0 10,779.6 543.7

Western hemlock 138.5 53.7 175.0 60.2 156.5 98.4 89.3 82.5 9.3 6.6 83.5 29.8 48.7 27.9

Western juniper 613.7 72.9 739.1 92.5 493.4 75.4 450.1 77.1 421.9 69.1 267.4 33.7 176.9 28.5Western white pine 216.5 51.1 295.9 70.5 261.1 68.7 237.6 65.7 276.9 59.2 289.0 44.9 305.6 50.0

Woodland softwoods 722.1 65.8 578.2 60.4 488.3 63.9 378.3 63.6 299.2 48.0 231.4 26.4 139.1 20.5

Other western softwoods 1,338.1 148.6 1,587.6 188.1 1,903.8 246.4 1,480.2 226.6 1,451.0 201.2 1,164.8 133.1 1,105.5 135.2

Total 38,830.6 908.7 41,396.8 1,055.6 39,789.9 1,114.5 39,496.5 1,231.3 35,952.7 1,054.6 35,867.2 823.0 34,488.8 837.0

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 153.9 52.8 110.5 48.5 222.4 91.7 176.5 69.6 104.4 39.9 78.2 28.7 134.9 59.3

Oak 14,135.6 640.5 12,252.6 632.3 9,559.1 615.5 8,398.9 642.8 6,812.5 520.1 4,511.7 256.4 3,631.4 249.1

Red alder 553.9 132.0 291.6 104.9 278.0 84.3 31.0 28.2 83.0 54.6 20.0 12.0 21.3 13.7

Tanoak 4,010.4 365.6 3,548.5 389.0 3,143.9 347.5 3,218.4 430.9 1,752.1 237.8 1,202.2 142.0 995.6 132.9

Woodland hardwoods 183.0 32.8 137.6 24.8 137.9 30.6 81.9 26.2 46.8 15.8 39.5 9.8 24.7 8.6

Other western hardwoods 3,530.1 321.6 3,332.3 332.7 1,909.4 241.2 2,232.2 317.9 1,743.9 220.7 1,197.6 118.4 900.1 107.5

Total 22,566.9 834.7 19,673.0 844.6 15,250.6 767.3 14,138.9 851.0 10,542.8 634.8 7,049.2 330.6 5,708.1 316.9

All species groups 61,397.5 1,207.5 61,069.8 1,328.3 55,040.5 1,338.3 53,635.5 1,480.8 46,495.5 1,223.1 42,916.5 882.1 40,196.9 892.4
212

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-85—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Softwoods: Douglas-fir 8,141.3 424.6 7,796.8 431.4 7,826.1 449.0 7,304.0 459.3 7,655.6 497.1 6,363.2 448.1 6,027.1 487.3 Incense cedar 1,539.8 134.9 1,505.7 137.7 1,528.9 144.1 1,517.7 168.8 1,382.0 157.2 1,164.4 153.3 1,026.1 154.0 Lodgepole pine 1,477.4 183.0 981.3 132.2 730.2 112.4 609.8 94.9 375.4 68.6 443.5 89.8 307.3 75.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 5,092.8 296.4 4,727.3 310.6 4,150.3 295.8 3,528.5 294.7 3,069.2 274.2 3,080.8 272.9 2,347.7 234.6

Redwood 2,680.0 295.5 2,509.0 270.7 2,487.1 295.6 2,087.5 254.7 1,886.5 297.5 2,302.8 322.7 1,997.2 299.1

Sitka spruce 91.4 45.2 65.0 28.0 92.4 42.1 94.0 55.9 63.7 35.1 64.2 37.9 79.7 53.0

Sugar pine 2,110.0 184.9 2,327.9 230.9 2,359.2 236.0 2,305.5 249.0 1,733.1 210.9 1,731.9 231.1 1,894.4 256.7

True fir 9,998.0 544.7 9,159.6 525.8 7,842.4 512.6 8,000.5 538.3 6,926.4 514.1 6,415.2 528.5 5,775.9 568.5

Western hemlock 31.6 17.8 — — 49.6 27.7 — — 29.0 25.3 — — 22.6 23.0

Western juniper 209.0 33.3 165.9 29.6 153.2 29.8 89.5 25.2 192.8 43.8 113.0 32.1 100.9 26.9

Western white pine 359.4 58.2 340.4 60.1 332.2 63.0 345.7 62.1 504.3 84.3 373.8 70.8 214.6 55.5

Woodland softwoods 86.1 16.2 101.0 21.3 74.1 17.2 63.7 16.3 25.3 9.3 34.7 11.0 16.6 8.7

Other western softwoods 904.9 125.5 850.7 124.0 686.1 108.7 710.7 124.6 554.0 104.0 418.9 85.1 335.1 91.4

Total 32,721.5 874.1 30,530.5 851.7 28,311.8 861.5 26,657.1 900.8 24,397.4 876.7 22,506.3 865.0 20,145.4 907.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 64.4 22.4 38.2 20.1 4.7 4.7 26.5 16.4 35.4 26.8 — — — —

Oak 3,026.0 230.6 2,514.6 226.6 1,938.8 212.5 1,242.0 164.3 1,106.2 172.9 986.3 171.0 882.3 189.1

Red alder 30.9 17.3 16.5 13.3 — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak 882.3 148.6 308.8 66.1 257.6 60.3 418.0 116.0 160.3 55.7 66.4 37.2 175.5 77.8

Woodland hardwoods 15.2 5.9 2.8 2.9 4.4 4.5 4.9 3.6 — — — — 3.6 3.7

Other western hardwoods 799.1 115.4 656.2 129.8 451.5 92.4 634.0 136.3 416.9 116.6 226.7 83.8 67.3 40.8

Total 4,817.9 306.6 3,537.1 271.4 2,657.0 242.0 2,325.3 248.1 1,718.9 218.1 1,279.4 196.7 1,128.7 208.1

All species groups 37,539.4 922.5 34,067.6 893.3 30,968.8 897.9 28,982.4 939.0 26,116.2 908.0 23,785.7 884.1 21,274.1 932.8
213

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-85—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0+ All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 6,325.2 516.8 5,802.7 489.2 5,137.8 495.5 31,569.7 2,403.0 209,066.8 6,097.6Incense cedar 1,083.9 149.6 694.4 132.8 518.9 119.1 4,032.3 537.6 39,797.7 1,879.5

Lodgepole pine 237.7 67.1 134.5 44.6 67.1 34.3 120.8 70.7 27,497.9 1,954.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 1,824.6 227.5 1,931.5 255.9 1,519.3 237.9 4,418.3 610.2 102,409.3 3,046.0

Redwood 1,687.2 290.5 1,352.2 255.3 1,121.7 222.0 26,017.1 6,386.4 71,091.8 7,329.6

Sitka spruce 83.3 43.1 — — 18.7 18.9 387.4 324.3 2,010.5 646.1

Sugar pine 1,655.9 274.5 1,612.2 254.6 1,527.1 275.1 10,441.9 1,523.7 43,868.0 2,497.3

True fir 4,711.4 458.8 4,456.0 471.1 3,716.3 438.3 12,927.1 1,317.3 202,004.6 6,961.5Western hemlock — — 78.6 47.3 — — 196.2 199.9 1,742.4 477.2

Western juniper 46.1 18.4 93.1 33.1 55.0 21.9 341.7 88.8 7,743.2 483.0

Western white pine 335.3 75.6 157.3 50.0 320.3 82.5 1,117.6 227.6 7,234.6 641.2

Woodland softwoods 26.6 11.8 33.3 15.5 — — 22.1 16.2 5,258.0 333.7Other western softwoods 250.9 81.4 271.5 81.3 204.3 79.3 1,182.3 577.3 22,236.6 1,609.2

Total 18,268.2 874.3 16,617.3 837.6 14,206.5 810.4 92,774.6 7,529.6 741,961.3 12,398.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — 17.4 17.5 1,767.5 392.4

Oak 243.5 92.4 434.2 123.4 357.1 125.0 1,091.6 261.6 170,010.1 4,104.5

Red alder — — — — — — — — 4,286.2 660.3

Tanoak 44.1 35.1 139.8 79.0 87.8 55.4 130.6 82.7 52,971.9 2,814.7Woodland hardwoods 2.8 2.8 — — — — — — 1,772.5 204.0

Other western hardwoods 236.7 82.1 90.6 52.8 39.1 34.4 525.8 157.7 41,606.4 1,803.2

Total 527.0 127.5 664.6 155.7 484.0 141.0 1,765.3 315.6 272,414.6 5,554.5

All species groups 18,795.2 884.9 17,281.9 851.8 14,690.5 822.1 94,539.9 7,534.6 1,014,375.9 13,366.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. 

The result will be approximate due to rounding.

b Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
214

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-86—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Softwoods: Douglas-fir 408.3 38.1 414.0 43.6 427.2 63.5 543.2 67.8 603.0 75.2 768.3 128.0 518.4 105.2 539.8 127.6 Incense cedar 140.3 14.8 147.7 17.6 142.4 23.1 176.8 29.1 164.7 31.9 118.9 30.3 164.2 39.2 137.0 45.0

Lodgepole pine 153.1 39.3 137.6 40.6 189.4 58.3 230.3 63.2 230.8 65.6 263.7 62.3 239.9 61.6 428.2 91.1

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 175.5 18.3 241.2 27.4 243.7 37.1 256.9 39.1 329.7 48.4 292.1 50.4 236.0 49.8 200.8 55.4

Redwood 49.5 10.2 41.1 9.8 69.6 15.5 42.0 12.4 11.7 7.9 35.6 16.0 50.7 20.0 50.9 25.3

Sitka spruce 2.2 1.4 4.0 3.2 1.6 1.3 — — — — — — — — 22.5 20.5

Sugar pine 41.4 7.8 104.9 18.7 90.5 17.5 131.2 30.1 156.6 40.0 175.1 42.4 171.4 54.3 189.2 69.1

True fir 726.1 63.5 926.5 65.3 1,144.3 87.7 1,452.0 120.2 1,530.7 129.7 1,803.6 152.0 1,691.3 194.2 2,060.7 214.3

Western hemlock — — 2.3 2.2 10.7 5.9 3.9 4.3 — — 7.0 7.6 — — — —

Western juniper 11.7 3.7 27.8 7.1 21.0 6.5 19.4 8.5 22.5 9.2 33.1 13.9 27.3 13.8 32.1 16.5

Western white pine 22.4 6.5 19.3 6.9 32.9 12.3 33.4 12.5 46.2 21.4 22.3 13.1 19.6 12.6 82.8 38.2

Woodland softwoods 18.9 4.3 52.0 9.5 92.3 19.2 79.4 17.5 89.1 20.9 121.0 25.8 98.8 22.4 60.8 25.1

Other western softwoods 97.0 15.9 104.5 23.9 140.3 32.2 178.4 32.1 168.8 40.2 245.4 52.6 127.1 37.8 183.4 56.6

Total 1,846.3 92.9 2,223.0 104.8 2,605.8 140.8 3,146.8 171.1 3,353.6 189.5 3,886.0 226.9 3,344.8 249.7 3,988.2 294.5

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 18.9 8.9 14.6 8.0 16.3 6.9 18.9 15.1 26.4 18.4 8.6 9.4 — — — —

Oak 1,418.7 110.8 1,305.4 119.7 1,085.7 119.2 850.5 97.2 655.4 92.1 585.4 97.9 485.4 97.1 372.3 100.8

Red alder 41.5 11.4 62.8 16.8 50.5 14.4 22.0 11.3 7.1 6.3 47.7 37.9 15.1 14.8 — —

Tanoak 354.6 60.1 380.9 74.1 491.2 105.9 406.8 93.9 413.0 116.6 342.8 107.1 164.3 59.9 147.6 69.2

Woodland hardwoods 67.9 12.6 115.0 21.9 126.7 22.0 98.9 27.1 110.3 27.9 104.1 33.0 45.8 21.8 53.4 29.4

Other western hardwoods 380.0 41.1 372.5 45.8 343.6 49.5 271.3 47.7 217.3 44.9 275.1 70.4 195.8 60.2 101.8 45.1

Total 2,281.6 137.4 2,251.2 155.7 2,113.9 173.2 1,668.4 149.6 1,429.5 158.0 1,363.9 168.5 906.4 133.5 675.1 133.4

All species groups 4,127.9 169.0 4,474.1 192.1 4,719.7 226.1 4,815.2 229.2 4,783.1 249.2 5,249.9 283.5 4,251.2 282.7 4,663.3 322.7
215

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-86—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 579.9 126.9 644.6 102.3 723.5 78.4 702.8 94.8 709.2 96.3 936.4 122.8 941.4 114.7 736.3 107.4Incense cedar 196.4 52.4 107.0 29.5 109.6 26.4 96.5 22.0 210.7 39.8 169.0 37.0 178.0 42.8 102.2 30.8

Lodgepole pine 306.5 75.1 228.7 52.0 318.4 49.7 287.3 47.3 242.0 50.7 198.2 44.0 145.7 36.0 153.0 40.7

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 452.0 98.3 349.4 68.4 326.3 47.0 352.2 49.1 403.7 63.5 494.0 73.6 364.1 59.5 287.2 58.8

Redwood 96.9 70.4 65.8 37.2 32.0 10.2 49.0 18.0 55.6 18.8 40.1 11.7 80.1 22.6 115.3 26.9

Sitka spruce — — — — 5.6 3.5 — — — — — — — — — —

Sugar pine 125.1 52.6 123.1 28.8 211.2 44.6 171.6 38.1 169.5 39.8 278.1 64.6 268.9 78.9 262.6 70.9

True fir 2,296.9 265.2 1,759.8 193.2 1,519.2 123.1 1,484.5 123.3 1,531.1 137.1 1,563.1 139.6 1,393.2 140.2 1,347.4 147.6

Western hemlock 20.3 17.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.9 7.0Western juniper 12.7 12.5 42.9 23.1 13.5 6.0 9.0 5.4 6.6 4.7 12.5 7.2 7.7 6.0 12.3 13.0

Western white pine 66.7 33.6 21.4 9.3 55.2 15.1 60.4 18.6 48.2 17.1 61.6 20.7 48.4 20.8 29.8 13.4

Woodland softwoods 63.1 23.9 18.5 12.4 14.4 5.1 12.8 6.3 18.1 8.3 7.8 4.8 16.0 8.1 14.4 8.3

Other western softwoods 255.0 79.4 281.4 66.6 195.7 36.9 142.2 31.5 112.7 29.7 137.2 32.0 119.6 34.8 95.8 34.3

Total 4,471.5 353.9 3,642.5 254.2 3,524.6 176.1 3,368.4 182.7 3,507.4 198.2 3,898.0 223.7 3,563.0 217.7 3,163.0 213.0

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — 8.0 6.4 — — — — — — — — 6.4 6.6 — —

Oak 539.3 125.0 337.4 79.8 233.4 43.3 258.2 49.8 144.3 34.8 178.9 43.7 116.9 36.1 98.8 36.7

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Tanoak 88.5 37.5 70.3 43.1 37.3 14.9 50.5 18.5 40.2 20.6 18.4 12.6 23.0 15.8 18.0 13.6

Woodland hardwoods 41.3 24.8 3.4 3.0 — — 8.8 5.5 — — 8.7 6.7 — — — —

Other western hardwoods 85.3 47.2 142.2 61.6 71.1 24.1 35.7 16.9 107.2 38.2 46.4 26.9 30.4 19.8 41.3 23.1

Total 754.4 140.9 561.3 114.5 341.8 54.9 353.2 58.0 291.7 55.4 252.5 53.2 176.7 44.4 158.1 45.4

All species groups 5,225.8 381.2 4,203.8 277.7 3,866.4 184.2 3,721.5 191.8 3,799.1 204.7 4,150.5 230.1 3,739.7 222.8 3,321.1 218.3
216

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-86—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by species group and diameter class, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Softwoods: Douglas-fir 618.2 101.3 588.2 107.7 813.8 133.3 827.1 165.8 734.4 138.9 664.9 143.2 4,025.5 504.3 18,468.5 1,290.7 Incense cedar 182.1 44.5 138.1 41.6 169.9 47.8 130.5 48.6 131.5 46.8 186.1 69.3 418.9 119.2 3,718.3 288.9 Lodgepole pine 140.9 42.6 93.0 33.9 87.2 33.9 49.4 25.4 28.3 19.4 36.2 26.0 43.3 31.1 4,231.2 480.4 Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 379.3 78.7 237.2 59.6 276.9 65.6 252.8 70.2 151.7 59.1 265.8 82.5 729.3 165.2 7,297.7 502.7 Redwood 117.5 29.6 107.6 33.6 92.0 32.2 130.0 31.8 132.6 41.8 121.8 32.9 6,924.7 1,263.0 8,511.9 1,338.1 Sitka spruce — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 36.0 23.6

Sugar pine 259.7 84.1 449.5 111.8 253.6 84.7 393.6 121.8 192.4 78.3 184.0 89.3 2,479.5 480.5 6,882.6 732.1

True fir 1,004.0 121.4 1,110.8 142.9 1,071.4 162.0 1,161.9 170.2 1,061.6 183.9 755.4 145.9 4,504.1 554.2 34,899.8 1,717.6

Western hemlock 10.3 10.5 — — — — 14.7 12.8 — — 22.7 23.1 — — 98.8 47.9

Western juniper — — — — 9.5 10.1 — — 6.9 7.2 — — 8.9 9.2 337.2 60.9

Western white pine 72.9 28.2 44.1 20.0 48.3 25.1 31.2 23.7 13.9 13.7 35.5 23.4 101.9 43.8 1,018.5 148.5

Woodland softwoods 2.7 2.7 — — — — — — 9.6 9.2 — — — — 789.7 110.3

Other western softwoods 45.7 23.2 37.3 23.7 81.1 38.2 47.8 28.8 15.1 14.9 15.7 15.4 359.3 268.8 3,186.2 420.7

Total 2,833.5 216.3 2,805.8 233.1 2,903.7 246.1 3,039.0 283.9 2,478.2 257.6 2,288.0 251.7 19,595.4 1,605.7 89,476.3 2,827.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 118.1 46.7

Oak 179.4 58.1 69.7 35.5 115.6 47.9 20.2 20.5 — — 18.5 22.8 33.6 34.7 9,103.1 526.4

Red alder 13.2 13.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 260.0 56.2

Tanoak — — 31.4 21.8 32.6 20.5 — — 26.6 26.2 — — — — 3,138.1 499.7

Woodland hardwoods 7.3 7.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — 791.5 128.5

Other western hardwoods 22.1 20.1 — — — — 34.8 31.6 27.6 21.9 — — 56.2 40.6 2,857.7 270.8

Total 222.0 63.4 101.2 41.7 148.2 52.1 55.0 37.7 54.2 34.2 18.5 22.8 89.8 53.5 16,268.5 814.6

All species groups 3,055.6 225.0 2,907.0 240.6 3,051.9 251.3 3,093.9 286.3 2,532.4 259.8 2,306.4 252.8 19,685.2 1,606.4 105,744.8 2,982.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
217

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-87—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of live treesb on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Kilograms per hectare

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 124,690.11 2,594.45 133,758.95 10,744.31 127,495.33 23,060.27 74,103.86 3,444.64 82,814.94 4,279.37 76,758.61 2,722.89 112,427.88 2,028.41

Douglas-fir 175,489.06 14,482.79 137,681.54 33,340.73 154,728.79 29,589.60 110,994.81 7,807.18 128,582.38 11,550.75 119,526.11 6,960.81 139,829.47 6,535.65

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 139,736.07 5,812.46 166,882.76 14,841.89 126,957.43 32,093.89 84,578.09 8,450.65 67,140.39 12,666.89 80,080.18 7,112.11 132,622.32 4,834.54

Lodgepole pine 66,820.72 3,921.91 84,389.99 9,249.59 39,758.00 14,225.83 72,753.68 9,393.76 64,226.04 12,090.67 67,400.64 8,453.45 70,479.77 3,533.89

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 10,886.10 992.39 6,739.47 652.85 7,123.46 2,242.90 6,500.32 1,138.32 4,782.01 1,349.99 4,955.17 1,222.97 8,442.07 558.30

Ponderosa pine 48,390.74 2,636.58 40,813.79 6,631.68 22,869.87 7,662.36 36,651.05 3,852.95 56,397.15 4,264.20 46,726.94 2,978.94 47,356.28 1,935.45Redwood 492,243.86 85,097.32 665,879.95 104,526.74 529,669.07 130,516.33 137,318.32 12,950.46 236,620.92 19,308.53 175,520.35 12,005.99 251,215.02 23,009.75

Western juniper 16,843.07 1,470.94 11,314.37 1,261.79 53,074.09 35,422.33 12,262.25 2,743.41 11,253.73 1,160.15 11,327.80 1,093.18 14,587.03 953.76

Western white pine 49,579.02 7,301.72 44,936.02 12,093.87 — — — — — — — — 47,135.60 6,702.08

Other western softwoods 25,178.62 3,012.87 29,249.96 6,358.09 43,102.85 26,032.29 94,429.32 17,407.97 99,955.49 33,824.81 97,439.75 20,019.61 39,283.59 5,002.07

Total 95,655.56 1,716.86 69,586.97 5,734.94 186,063.72 38,179.01 81,265.32 2,900.46 82,651.14 4,289.27 81,872.34 2,426.10 90,634.15 1,546.59

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 72,043.37 15,293.02 110,220.75 18,663.95 166,262.34 4,550.94 90,991.18 13,127.17 86,131.03 15,991.25 88,755.48 10,239.16 92,772.63 7,914.49

Aspen/birch 24,344.96 8,254.69 8,239.52 7,357.09 42,847.96 42,847.96 109,485.97 109,485.97 30,150.24 3,492.09 47,771.96 18,060.28 27,110.88 7,094.92

Elm/ash/cottonwood 54,958.26 54,958.26 — — 39,825.70 11,430.22 — — 53,061.03 16,319.59 49,964.26 15,723.19 48,055.96 11,514.94Tanoak/laurel 136,471.86 10,111.85 95,299.60 21,964.00 168,490.02 21,012.58 100,396.23 6,289.62 128,028.25 6,830.74 115,386.90 4,801.37 123,948.22 4,418.97

Western oak 57,465.22 2,416.33 46,551.66 4,926.39 51,847.69 4,118.90 55,057.85 3,233.80 41,880.26 1,226.83 43,793.57 1,150.38 48,246.09 1,053.03

Woodland hardwoods 14,613.50 1,786.09 9,005.90 1,327.73 30,080.38 13,718.14 16,523.25 16,523.25 18,266.05 4,172.89 18,082.07 3,730.47 14,488.42 1,373.35

Other hardwoods 47,327.73 12,811.55 17,443.08 15,105.33 121,132.70 33,764.06 80,641.57 21,806.44 54,550.82 8,546.77 59,541.56 8,183.42 58,153.15 7,430.34

Total 63,969.29 2,530.85 46,628.05 4,521.24 83,412.24 7,343.08 74,755.26 3,366.81 52,773.77 1,553.47 57,334.36 1,387.62 60,007.75 1,215.84

Nonstocked 2,574.57 493.65 1,884.86 1,032.55 — — 2,517.20 823.46 1,669.43 830.55 2,251.78 619.92 2,418.21 378.26

All forest types 84,717.44 1,358.50 61,596.09 4,185.70 117,743.60 14,074.68 77,122.50 2,166.33 60,519.57 1,606.34 66,401.54 1,233.33 76,383.85 993.75

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 kilograms per hectare was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per acre of biomass by multiplying by 0.00089. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
218

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-88—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of dead treesb on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Kilograms per hectare Softwoods: California mixed conifer 14,517.28 614.84 23,353.27 3,057.84 13,746.15 7,006.22 4,894.91 468.06 4,831.04 932.90 4,875.44 432.36 12,443.46 476.72 Douglas-fir 18,957.56 2,748.74 11,764.00 5,970.80 12,218.05 6,432.18 7,617.05 2,214.02 8,698.48 1,737.93 8,141.63 1,424.00 11,923.15 1,308.33 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 21,267.88 1,630.95 37,644.86 7,790.33 27,367.43 13,186.11 7,088.53 1,864.93 10,921.37 4,444.02 8,077.18 1,792.05 20,696.30 1,478.12 Lodgepole pine 7,927.76 845.74 11,697.51 2,188.87 6,129.25 3,255.27 10,974.55 4,353.66 11,425.14 4,319.51 11,257.40 3,162.80 8,993.27 809.56 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 1,101.47 151.89 1,014.12 242.43 617.42 287.88 278.75 259.80 907.80 369.46 844.41 335.46 1,018.95 124.20

Ponderosa pine 2,598.22 346.65 3,748.69 1,930.26 1,672.13 1,118.30 1,441.59 309.40 1,265.94 276.94 1,351.96 206.89 2,217.96 239.74

Redwood 739.34 234.88 73,693.96 36,428.77 23,725.11 6,088.88 18,194.03 4,487.25 25,173.19 6,884.94 20,878.93 3,830.09 23,663.16 3,856.60

Western juniper 1,437.22 316.08 684.87 229.08 8,750.14 6,262.15 681.87 401.08 835.34 262.42 824.07 244.83 1,178.49 197.20

Western white pine 9,404.92 2,077.81 10,317.38 2,386.35 — — 681.95 681.95 — — 681.95 681.95 9,142.43 1,840.10

Other western softwoods 5,018.43 1,187.85 4,221.54 1,377.64 4,305.36 1,501.82 31,527.22 18,824.71 8,861.21 4,537.03 19,179.72 9,447.38 7,264.88 1,891.93

 Total 11,384.40 390.17 11,151.38 1,291.49 12,494.27 2,650.93 6,964.48 775.76 6,318.45 864.27 6,681.50 574.97 10,118.72 321.14

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 19,886.52 5,542.10 6,852.51 2,259.52 23,929.72 15,983.48 7,179.15 1,666.61 3,023.84 1,382.53 5,267.68 1,192.04 9,889.00 2,142.90

Aspen/birch 1,786.19 768.11 — — 32,473.69 32,473.69 — — 177.92 155.38 138.40 123.13 1,732.27 748.27

Elm/ash/ ottonwood 3,698.72 3,698.72 — — 463.86 349.61 — — 1,200.08 817.24 1,130.04 772.41 1,235.59 608.91

Tanoak/laurel 15,045.21 2,778.16 15,354.30 7,328.80 11,202.58 2,687.66 8,933.25 2,056.71 4,157.07 620.74 6,342.12 1,012.60 9,217.31 1,026.39Western oak 6,419.36 840.22 3,056.20 650.54 2,145.59 535.59 2,748.77 414.13 1,697.27 164.48 1,849.94 153.31 3,236.67 263.55

Woodland hardwoods 4,159.60 956.03 2,016.46 614.78 3,046.55 350.50 715.16 715.16 1,375.43 779.91 1,305.73 701.20 3,258.06 612.44

Other hardwoods 7,514.08 2,508.91 4,065.01 3,068.59 3,448.92 1,765.27 3,179.07 1,029.10 3,068.88 903.06 3,089.96 756.73 4,709.11 998.21

 Total 7,589.83 732.00 4,101.28 844.53 4,673.90 886.85 5,299.93 827.34 2,045.97 159.23 2,721.09 214.72 4,349.78 262.23

Nonstocked 21,206.50 4,372.82 3,332.15 1,384.09 68,899.32 68,899.32 868.38 424.86 1,046.82 491.77 924.24 327.92 15,638.23 3,142.23

All forest types 10,798.18 364.09 9,014.41 935.49 7,676.19 1,139.97 6,242.58 566.92 3,191.53 263.79 4,272.44 262.97 7,962.73 224.49

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 kilograms per hectare was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per acre of biomass by multiplying by 0.00089. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
219

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-89—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of live treesb on forest land, by forest type 

group and stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All size classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Kilograms per hectare

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 119,320.99 2,075.07 33,355.16 4,476.65 10,848.62 1,457.00 112,427.88 2,028.41

Douglas-fir 155,718.12 6,756.28 55,414.45 10,178.32 24,247.52 5,075.22 139,829.47 6,535.65

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 140,972.86 4,910.79 35,749.58 9,209.70 13,484.99 2,401.63 132,622.32 4,834.54

Lodgepole pine 73,664.76 3,724.78 61,132.99 12,152.81 11,463.27 5,912.74 70,479.77 3,533.89

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 9,886.92 644.48 2,134.29 799.11 1,397.89 376.43 8,442.07 558.30

Ponderosa pine 53,801.91 2,075.29 13,756.46 2,062.59 4,951.24 1,236.47 47,356.28 1,935.45

Redwood 268,787.39 24,268.52 24,048.79 6,727.14 14,171.52 3,545.94 251,215.02 23,009.75

Western juniper 16,616.45 1,081.76 6,847.34 1,602.02 2,502.22 748.95 14,587.03 953.76

Western white pine 57,190.27 7,381.55 8,638.24 1,770.21 15,155.53 6,296.98 47,135.60 6,702.08

Other western softwoods 54,087.43 6,761.71 12,339.73 2,903.58 6,720.85 1,420.15 39,283.59 5,002.07

Total 100,145.39 1,686.56 19,624.86 2,003.69 9,153.88 831.42 90,634.15 1,546.59

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 118,370.76 8,281.13 65,413.01 12,601.00 19,753.26 7,651.06 92,772.63 7,914.49

Aspen/birch 57,296.36 13,386.10 48,121.49 15,933.81 10,669.45 3,085.90 27,110.88 7,094.92

Elm/ash/cottonwood 57,962.62 11,856.91 3,671.14 3,393.71 11,810.26 1,180.40 48,055.96 11,514.94

Tanoak/laurel 156,740.30 5,203.82 86,336.57 4,872.83 20,739.61 3,429.59 123,948.22 4,418.97

Western oak 63,604.35 1,647.31 38,888.82 1,365.90 14,671.76 1,093.00 48,246.09 1,053.03

Woodland hardwoods 15,709.16 1,481.95 12,042.21 4,297.63 2,522.43 946.21 14,488.42 1,373.35

Other hardwoods 127,701.83 14,283.64 38,948.95 7,115.73 6,195.33 1,167.92 58,153.15 7,430.34

Total 81,654.91 1,922.99 44,162.34 1,401.87 14,248.98 925.17 60,007.75 1,215.84

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 2,418.21 378.26

 

All forest types 94,732.94 1,283.65 39,787.99 1,245.61 12,271.73 661.09 76,383.85 993.75

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 kilograms per hectare was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to 

aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per 

acre of biomass by multiplying by 0.00089. The result will be approximate due to rounding.

b

 Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
220

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-90—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of dead treesb on forest land, by forest type 

group and stand size class, California, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All size classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Kilograms per hectare

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 12,988.84 500.76 4,943.14 1,629.03 5,030.40 1,810.91 12,443.46 476.72

Douglas-fir 12,487.68 1,419.01 1,621.21 882.11 12,354.04 5,614.09 11,923.15 1,308.33

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 20,371.41 1,359.29 18,352.30 10,108.24 26,540.96 13,460.15 20,696.30 1,478.12

Lodgepole pine 9,400.64 841.48 9,060.19 5,037.24 229.93 213.26 8,993.27 809.56

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 963.14 108.59 1,489.39 740.86 962.53 463.45 1,018.95 124.20

Ponderosa pine 2,436.10 272.23 644.89 293.95 1,291.31 671.95 2,217.96 239.74

Redwood 24,908.28 4,114.23 9,543.02 2,265.90 5,352.53 2,722.54 23,663.16 3,856.60

Western juniper 1,392.15 233.73 209.85 155.23 40.49 21.25 1,178.49 197.20

Western white pine 11,065.81 2,234.86 1,763.12 361.31 3,028.40 1,650.06 9,142.43 1,840.10

Other western softwoods 9,709.84 2,699.84 1,455.83 691.13 2,782.64 2,010.14 7,264.88 1,891.93

Total 10,816.09 342.96 2,825.76 592.27 5,702.13 1,570.88 10,118.72 321.14

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 11,740.59 3,181.57 7,533.48 2,802.35 5,467.60 2,517.81 9,889.00 2,142.90

Aspen/birch 3,180.23 1,873.98 4,892.58 2,692.38 219.32 152.82 1,732.27 748.27

Elm/ash/cottonwood 689.12 445.29 — — 4,496.12 449.37 1,235.59 608.91

Tanoak/laurel 10,303.45 1,129.03 3,951.80 1,228.00 12,994.41 5,148.96 9,217.31 1,026.39

Western oak 3,493.51 245.58 1,874.12 170.98 5,804.70 1,639.54 3,236.67 263.55

Woodland hardwoods 3,049.69 531.02 6,001.17 3,269.54 — — 3,258.06 612.44

Other hardwoods 8,595.03 1,768.37 2,140.25 699.78 2,857.58 1,816.84 4,709.11 998.21

Total 5,074.79 299.30 2,277.43 211.79 6,181.37 1,346.92 4,349.78 262.23

 

Nonstocked — — — — — — 15,638.23 3,142.23

 

All forest types 9,135.52 257.63 2,375.19 203.53 5,995.39 1,024.95 7,962.73 224.49

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 kilograms per hectare was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to 

aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per 

acre of biomass by multiplying by 0.00089. The result will be approximate due to rounding.

b

 Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
221

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-91—Volume of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb

0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 69.1 2.4 516.8 36.9 1,470.3 54.8 1,529.5 48.1 2,789.7 93.2 5,805.3 254.4 12,180.7 378.7

Douglas-fir 16.1 1.6 81.6 8.4 244.4 32.2 200.8 18.2 398.6 39.9 1,202.5 178.7 2,144.0 232.3

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 24.6 1.6 150.5 10.0 450.7 31.8 405.2 29.0 866.9 65.0 1,599.9 147.0 3,497.8 235.6

Lodgepole pine 4.8 0.9 47.3 23.4 81.6 11.0 117.1 15.4 316.7 39.6 606.2 73.3 1,173.7 120.8

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 7.5 0.6 38.1 3.1 96.7 8.6 73.5 7.3 138.3 17.0 63.9 14.0 418.0 37.7

Ponderosa pine 6.0 0.6 75.2 5.3 218.4 16.6 215.3 16.2 313.9 26.5 606.8 70.6 1,435.6 108.1

Redwood 8.6 1.1 51.2 6.4 175.1 24.1 180.8 20.5 410.6 46.2 1,437.0 251.5 2,263.3 299.2

Western juniper 3.3 0.3 28.1 3.0 67.9 10.2 39.6 5.1 75.0 11.3 184.4 44.9 398.3 61.2

Western white pine 0.6 0.1 3.8 1.0 7.6 2.0 12.8 3.2 28.7 9.0 68.5 18.8 122.0 28.8

Other western softwoods 3.0 0.5 18.0 3.1 47.3 9.6 47.3 7.7 147.5 26.2 230.6 46.2 493.8 78.4

Total 143.6 3.4 1,010.7 45.4 2,859.9 73.1 2,821.9 60.3 5,486.0 127.2 11,805.0 418.7 24,127.1 550.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 2.3 0.4 16.8 3.2 59.9 11.9 44.3 8.1 104.9 21.4 383.8 91.5 611.9 125.3Aspen/birch 0.3 0.1 2.9 1.0 11.4 3.5 12.4 4.1 9.8 6.7 17.7 12.6 54.5 23.7

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.8 0.5 2.1 0.8 6.7 2.9 3.1 1.3 4.5 2.2 — — 17.2 6.8

Tanoak/laurel 20.6 1.5 121.5 11.4 387.1 30.0 351.7 24.2 654.6 47.7 1,626.3 166.8 3,161.8 230.8Western oak 47.4 1.7 307.6 12.7 806.8 36.7 656.5 27.0 943.3 48.6 1,037.5 94.4 3,799.2 164.6

Woodland hardwoods 2.2 0.3 17.4 2.9 45.3 6.9 23.6 5.0 34.6 8.1 17.0 7.6 140.0 21.4

Other hardwoods 4.8 0.8 28.6 4.6 81.6 17.4 72.7 12.4 90.9 15.7 98.8 26.0 377.4 57.1

Total 78.4 2.4 497.0 17.8 1,398.8 51.4 1,164.3 38.0 1,842.5 71.3 3,181.0 210.7 8,162.0 303.4

Nonstocked 3.1 0.5 24.6 3.5 68.4 10.0 83.4 12.1 160.8 29.9 163.1 41.0 503.4 76.0All forest types 225.1 3.7 1,532.2 47.5 4,327.1 82.7 4,069.6 64.5 7,489.3 136.5 15,149.1 451.7 32,792.5 573.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
222

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-92—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Down wood diameter class (inches) Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb 0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods: California mixed conifer 725.75 25.96 5,420.91 428.55 15,309.11 580.32 12,025.81 390.84 19,671.58 667.58 38,726.00 1,752.46 91,879.16 2,850.86 Douglas-fir 188.79 18.14 958.38 94.71 2,824.23 350.79 1,676.69 157.18 2,989.04 312.31 8,439.01 1,260.53 17,076.14 1,764.59 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 240.00 15.09 1,466.15 97.62 4,389.55 308.78 2,801.13 201.16 5,635.60 424.71 10,331.63 959.43 24,864.06 1,637.04 Lodgepole pine 48.19 8.74 476.34 237.76 813.46 109.05 1,029.16 133.29 2,547.30 323.75 4,776.79 593.72 9,691.24 1,010.74 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 90.09 7.27 455.59 37.84 1,152.23 103.33 700.36 72.18 1,290.06 156.12 574.31 130.36 4,262.63 371.74

Ponderosa pine 61.29 6.57 762.42 53.70 2,225.27 169.82 1,829.21 142.71 2,524.72 219.45 4,229.67 513.39 11,632.58 866.49

Redwood 86.10 10.35 511.58 63.74 1,737.51 239.39 1,524.21 180.12 3,013.75 343.90 10,449.32 1,936.56 17,322.47 2,306.76

Western juniper 37.40 3.29 317.31 32.88 761.45 109.28 337.11 44.44 587.26 84.11 1,212.36 268.85 3,252.89 419.10Western white pine 5.70 1.43 37.37 9.44 73.48 19.77 99.40 24.54 240.73 74.45 590.18 167.63 1,046.87 250.41Other western softwoods 31.27 5.34 188.94 32.49 490.62 96.94 392.39 63.84 1,211.88 213.67 1,681.77 334.30 3,996.87 605.73

Total 1,514.57 36.16 10,594.98 507.34 29,776.91 765.19 22,415.46 494.55 39,711.93 937.37 81,011.04 3,019.75 185,024.90 4,158.76

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 24.39 4.38 180.44 34.07 650.71 129.16 335.40 61.86 727.59 147.72 2,671.15 614.02 4,589.67 896.05

Aspen/birch 2.93 1.02 28.50 9.70 112.47 34.38 82.44 28.18 67.39 48.45 125.65 89.22 419.38 176.19

Elm/ash/cottonwood 11.34 8.11 24.65 9.62 70.15 29.15 19.36 7.49 33.02 15.72 — — 158.53 62.13

Tanoak/laurel 263.65 18.74 1,540.89 140.49 4,889.06 371.87 3,238.10 244.85 5,124.11 393.37 10,854.26 1,089.29 25,910.07 1,772.11

Western oak 666.92 23.59 4,279.79 177.24 11,177.69 502.35 6,174.80 258.80 8,372.58 421.57 8,678.35 786.65 39,350.13 1,568.21

Woodland hardwoods 30.07 4.78 232.92 40.10 595.75 91.92 243.46 55.32 309.78 67.72 131.84 56.22 1,543.82 229.52Other hardwoods 59.57 9.47 353.35 55.72 1,023.86 213.02 643.25 111.23 778.43 133.08 829.02 242.93 3,687.50 557.75

Total 1,058.87 31.79 6,640.54 233.47 18,519.69 667.00 10,736.80 369.49 15,412.92 595.89 23,290.27 1,473.12 75,659.09 2,481.11

Nonstocked 32.20 4.68 260.91 37.62 730.82 108.42 675.22 96.61 1,336.85 253.29 1,201.35 303.78 4,237.35 629.28

All forest types 2,605.64 43.30 17,496.43 542.84 49,027.42 934.68 33,827.49 560.51 56,461.70 1,045.70 105,502.66 3,241.98 264,921.34 4,358.18

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
223

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-93—Carbon mass of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb

0.1–.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥ 20.0 All down wood

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 329.2 11.8 2,458.9 194.4 6,944.2 263.2 5,617.5 182.4 9,193.5 311.9 18,142.4 822.4 42,685.8 1,326.8

Douglas-fir 85.6 8.2 434.7 43.0 1,281.1 159.1 773.8 72.7 1,387.0 145.0 3,955.6 591.5 7,917.8 822.8

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 108.9 6.8 665.0 44.3 1,991.1 140.1 1,318.5 94.7 2,647.1 199.6 4,818.5 446.6 11,549.1 761.1

Lodgepole pine 21.9 4.0 216.1 107.8 369.0 49.5 485.2 62.8 1,195.6 152.0 2,240.2 278.8 4,527.9 472.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 40.9 3.3 206.7 17.2 522.7 46.9 329.3 33.9 608.5 73.7 271.4 61.6 1,979.4 173.6

Ponderosa pine 27.8 3.0 345.8 24.4 1,009.4 77.0 857.6 66.9 1,183.4 102.9 1,972.5 238.8 5,396.5 402.5

Redwood 39.1 4.7 232.1 28.9 788.1 108.6 705.6 83.0 1,406.7 160.3 4,918.6 913.9 8,090.1 1,084.2

Western juniper 17.0 1.5 143.9 14.9 345.4 49.6 157.7 20.8 275.6 39.5 567.3 125.8 1,506.9 194.8

Western white pine 2.6 0.6 17.0 4.3 33.3 9.0 46.6 11.5 113.3 35.0 278.3 79.0 491.1 117.6

Other western softwoods 14.2 2.4 85.7 14.7 222.5 44.0 184.0 29.9 570.4 100.7 793.6 157.8 1,870.5 283.8

Total 687.0 16.4 4,805.9 230.1 13,506.8 347.1 10,475.7 230.7 18,581.1 438.5 37,958.5 1,419.3 86,015.0 1,942.6

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 11.1 2.0 81.8 15.5 295.2 58.6 153.6 28.3 336.5 68.4 1,252.7 289.2 2,130.8 418.5Aspen/birch 1.3 0.5 12.9 4.4 51.0 15.6 37.3 12.7 31.0 22.4 57.2 40.7 190.8 80.3Elm/ash/cottonwood 5.1 3.7 11.2 4.4 31.8 13.2 8.6 3.3 14.7 7.0 — — 71.5 28.0Tanoak/laurel 119.6 8.5 698.9 63.7 2,217.7 168.7 1,470.1 110.7 2,346.8 179.6 5,065.1 507.6 11,918.2 817.2

Western oak 302.5 10.7 1,941.3 80.4 5,070.2 227.9 2,800.0 117.8 3,824.2 192.4 3,992.8 363.4 17,931.0 717.8

Woodland hardwoods 13.6 2.2 105.7 18.2 270.2 41.7 110.1 25.0 143.2 31.4 61.9 26.4 704.7 104.9

Other hardwoods 27.0 4.3 160.3 25.3 464.4 96.6 292.3 50.6 354.9 60.6 386.0 112.1 1,684.8 255.1

Total 480.3 14.4 3,012.1 105.9 8,400.5 302.6 4,872.0 167.7 7,051.3 272.2 10,815.7 686.0 34,631.9 1,142.7

Nonstocked 14.6 2.1 118.3 17.1 331.5 49.2 316.6 45.3 629.1 119.5 565.0 143.1 1,975.2 294.7All forest types 1,181.9 19.6 7,936.4 246.2 22,238.8 424.0 15,664.3 259.2 26,261.5 486.6 49,339.2 1,521.5 122,622.1 2,031.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
224

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-94—Number of pieces of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter 

class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)b

3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥ 20.0 All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand pieces

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 1,449,257.7 44,627.1 312,053.2 11,005.8 73,637.4 3,536.7 1,834,948.3 53,698.7

Douglas-fir 168,133.7 14,804.9 43,494.0 4,787.6 17,610.4 2,459.5 229,238.0 19,468.1

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 376,476.0 25,868.2 92,161.4 6,967.7 23,244.9 2,200.7 491,882.3 32,283.1

Lodgepole pine 101,410.3 13,128.9 28,301.2 3,155.4 8,639.6 1,110.2 138,351.1 15,836.5

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 95,280.5 9,211.9 22,897.0 2,980.6 2,461.8 568.9 120,639.2 11,398.6

Ponderosa pine 227,852.6 16,447.1 36,862.8 3,413.1 9,016.6 1,140.7 273,732.0 19,122.2

Redwood 147,191.9 16,615.6 47,532.3 5,706.2 17,615.0 2,318.4 212,339.2 22,260.0

Western juniper 51,198.4 6,867.0 9,768.1 1,544.5 2,440.0 536.0 63,406.5 7,794.5

Western white pine 13,797.6 3,365.5 3,184.3 1,050.6 1,328.7 507.4 18,310.6 4,187.7

Other western softwoods 43,504.6 6,648.8 16,789.3 2,917.5 3,752.3 730.0 64,046.2 9,207.7

Total 2,674,103.2 54,403.9 613,043.6 14,932.7 159,746.6 5,418.3 3,446,893.5 65,781.5

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 35,183.8 6,509.6 10,708.5 2,176.9 6,206.1 1,559.2 52,098.3 9,355.0

Aspen/birch 14,515.5 4,929.9 711.1 445.7 187.0 136.5 15,413.6 5,274.9

Elm/ash/cottonwood 3,888.0 1,657.8 320.3 192.7 — — 4,208.3 1,756.0

Tanoak/laurel 314,029.4 20,779.5 67,691.2 5,181.3 22,275.8 2,154.8 403,996.4 25,580.7

Western oak 695,041.0 26,863.3 105,628.7 5,555.9 15,896.8 1,310.2 816,566.4 30,794.5

Woodland hardwoods 31,071.5 6,564.7 5,928.7 1,483.7 459.4 247.6 37,459.6 7,533.3

Other hardwoods 70,571.0 11,611.8 10,773.1 2,208.0 1,610.1 563.5 82,954.2 13,212.4

Total 1,164,300.1 35,845.3 201,761.5 8,062.3 46,635.1 2,965.1 1,412,696.7 42,058.2

 

Nonstocked 72,591.1 9,916.8 15,498.3 2,529.1 2,369.1 632.7 90,458.5 11,995.4

 

All forest types 3,910,994.5 58,398.4 830,303.4 15,903.2 208,750.8 5,954.1 4,950,048.7 68,987.9

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error.

a

 Includes down wood pieces ≥ 3 inches in diameter at the transect intersection. Number of pieces can not be estimated for down wood with smaller 

diameters (fine woody material) because pieces were not individually measured.

b

 Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay class less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 

5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually 

represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
225

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-95—Biomass of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, California, 2001–2010

Ownership group and land status

U.S. Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private

Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land All forest land

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 49,990.0 2,189.1 11,595.3 1,167.7 459.2 150.0 5,458.7 820.8 219.5 106.5 844.3 299.9 23,277.7 1,366.1 34.4 29.0 91,879.2 2,850.9Douglas-fir 3,292.2 627.1 914.6 323.5 17.0 17.3 426.9 266.4 464.3 209.7 828.8 517.3 11,132.2 1,520.2 — — 17,076.1 1,764.6

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 13,546.5 1,158.3 4,573.7 781.3 71.2 72.1 2,665.0 602.1 68.0 69.3 166.1 119.5 3,773.5 642.3 — — 24,864.1 1,637.0

Lodgepole pine 2,618.1 569.7 3,603.6 543.0 — — 2,609.8 585.1 145.8 93.6 — — 714.0 257.9 — — 9,691.2 1,010.7

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 31.5 22.6 2,356.8 270.9 30.0 30.8 1,458.8 225.9 — — 96.3 45.0 — — 289.2 110.0 4,262.6 371.7

Ponderosa pine 6,165.4 677.7 1,097.9 237.6 156.5 76.9 184.3 107.3 0.8 0.7 105.2 76.3 3,887.9 466.0 34.6 23.9 11,632.6 866.5

Redwood — — 353.9 207.3 — — 2,431.5 1,191.6 299.6 196.3 1,596.1 537.5 12,641.4 1,918.9 — — 17,322.5 2,306.8

Western juniper 438.4 153.4 1,682.9 292.6 90.6 59.8 419.8 89.6 — — 218.9 221.8 82.2 40.7 320.1 75.2 3,252.9 419.1

Western white pine 200.0 99.7 669.4 195.2 — — 159.1 120.0 — — — — 18.4 18.2 — — 1,046.9 250.4

Other western softwoods 375.2 182.5 1,546.6 360.2 1.4 1.5 750.4 222.0 — — 54.3 32.5 1,169.2 382.8 99.8 85.7 3,996.9 605.7

 Total 76,657.1 2,458.9 28,394.8 1,597.5 826.0 195.6 16,564.2 1,619.1 1,198.0 323.5 3,910.0 835.7 56,696.5 2,755.5 778.2 162.7 185,024.9 4,158.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 348.3 175.1 408.4 199.9 61.6 47.7 552.6 386.6 69.5 62.0 157.2 110.3 2,867.9 752.6 124.1 66.1 4,589.7 896.1

Aspen/birch 89.4 46.5 164.1 133.1 — — 23.4 17.1 — — 4.9 5.0 137.5 104.1 — — 419.4 176.2

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 24.9 26.2 — — — — — — 16.6 13.5 80.1 49.4 37.0 23.5 158.5 62.1

Tanoak/laurel 4,596.5 805.5 1,852.7 564.6 159.9 75.5 366.9 178.1 557.5 259.5 1,272.2 401.0 16,161.8 1,385.0 942.6 309.5 25,910.1 1,772.1

Western oak 7,302.1 722.8 8,020.6 803.7 734.6 251.9 1,846.3 339.7 169.7 78.1 1,455.9 242.3 7,872.2 838.3 11,948.9 686.7 39,350.1 1,568.2Woodland hardwoods 191.1 58.8 718.2 161.9 — — 352.0 109.7 — — 70.6 40.0 55.4 46.3 156.4 74.9 1,543.8 229.5

Other hardwoods 1,025.6 303.9 427.1 158.2 29.7 30.3 17.1 11.9 215.1 218.7 178.3 85.9 1,457.1 358.4 337.3 106.9 3,687.5 557.7

 Total 13,553.0 1,125.1 11,616.1 1,023.2 985.9 276.7 3,158.3 553.7 1,011.8 376.7 3,155.8 488.2 28,632.1 1,741.1 13,546.2 762.2 75,659.1 2,481.1

Nonstocked 2,078.6 467.7 844.7 298.3 60.8 43.9 375.4 199.3 — — 27.6 28.1 828.0 215.7 22.4 18.2 4,237.3 629.3

All forest types 92,288.7 2,572.9 40,855.5 1,877.8 1,872.6 344.3 20,097.9 1,682.3 2,209.8 496.0 7,093.4 942.3 86,156.5 2,954.6 14,346.9 777.3 264,921.3 4,358.2Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.

a Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.
226

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-96—Carbon mass of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, California, 2001–2010 Ownership group and land status U.S. Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land All forest land Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Softwoods: California mixed conifer 23,209.9 1,017.8 5,398.1 545.2 211.8 69.3 2,555.8 384.8 100.9 48.7 394.0 140.2 10,799.6 633.9 15.6 13.1 42,685.8 1,326.8 Douglas-fir 1,520.2 290.8 417.9 147.2 7.7 7.9 199.5 125.3 215.7 97.7 386.4 241.8 5,170.4 709.7 — — 7,917.8 822.8 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 6,289.7 538.7 2,121.1 361.5 32.9 33.3 1,242.2 280.6 31.9 32.5 77.5 55.7 1,753.8 299.5 — — 11,549.1 761.1

Lodgepole pine 1,219.6 264.7 1,685.1 254.1 — — 1,222.9 274.7 67.6 43.4 — — 332.7 120.4 — — 4,527.9 472.4

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 14.4 10.4 1,095.7 126.7 14.2 14.6 677.0 105.5 — — 44.8 21.0 — — 133.4 50.7 1,979.4 173.6

Ponderosa pine 2,857.8 314.6 513.3 111.3 72.2 35.5 86.4 50.5 0.4 0.3 48.4 35.2 1,802.1 216.1 15.9 11.0 5,396.5 402.5

Redwood — — 163.3 95.5 — — 1,141.1 560.4 138.1 90.4 748.1 252.6 5,899.5 902.1 — — 8,090.1 1,084.2

Western juniper 203.1 71.5 781.0 135.9 41.2 27.2 193.0 41.4 — — 101.9 103.3 38.5 19.1 148.2 35.0 1,506.9 194.8

Western white pine 93.2 46.5 314.3 91.8 — — 75.0 56.6 — — — — 8.5 8.4 — — 491.1 117.6Other western softwoods 175.1 85.0 727.1 169.6 0.7 0.7 351.3 103.9 — — 24.7 14.8 545.2 179.0 46.5 39.9 1,870.5 283.8

 Total 35,583.0 1,143.4 13,216.9 744.1 380.8 90.2 7,744.2 760.0 554.5 149.8 1,825.7 391.4 26,350.4 1,289.1 359.7 75.4 86,015.0 1,942.6

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 160.1 80.3 188.4 92.1 28.6 22.2 259.3 181.7 32.6 29.2 72.1 50.9 1,332.6 351.6 57.1 30.7 2,130.8 418.5

Aspen/birch 40.4 21.0 74.2 60.2 — — 10.7 7.9 — — 2.2 2.3 63.3 48.0 — — 190.8 80.3

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 11.2 11.8 — — — — — — 7.5 6.1 36.1 22.2 16.7 10.6 71.5 28.0

Tanoak/laurel 2,107.1 369.8 856.5 263.1 73.4 35.1 165.8 80.6 260.3 121.6 583.5 185.6 7,446.9 638.7 424.6 139.3 11,918.2 817.2

Western oak 3,346.8 330.3 3,661.5 370.1 336.3 116.7 843.7 155.9 77.5 35.7 658.2 109.6 3,598.8 384.4 5,408.2 310.8 17,931.0 717.8

Woodland hardwoods 87.3 26.8 328.3 74.0 — — 159.9 50.0 — — 32.0 18.1 25.8 21.7 71.3 34.2 704.7 104.9

Other hardwoods 470.6 139.3 197.1 73.5 13.4 13.7 7.7 5.4 97.1 98.6 81.7 39.5 664.8 164.1 152.4 48.4 1,684.8 255.1

 Total 6,212.4 515.5 5,317.3 472.8 451.8 128.1 1,447.2 256.7 467.5 174.3 1,437.3 224.6 13,168.2 803.6 6,130.3 344.8 34,631.9 1,142.7

Nonstocked 969.9 218.8 393.8 140.1 28.3 20.5 176.1 93.9 — — 12.7 12.9 384.2 100.3 10.1 8.2 1,975.2 294.7

All forest types 42,765.2 1,194.5 18,928.0 873.1 860.8 159.3 9,367.5 789.0 1,021.9 229.5 3,275.7 439.4 39,902.8 1,379.0 6,500.1 352.0 122,622.1 2,031.9Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.

a Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.
227

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-97—Biomass of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Alameda 63.9 70.9 490.4 173.2 554.3 187.1 — — 24.4 14.7 24.4 14.7 578.6 187.7

Alpine 1,059.1 399.2 336.4 155.9 1,395.5 428.2 1,585.7 458.4 160.6 77.1 1,746.4 463.6 3,141.8 624.5

Amador 1,719.4 547.2 296.0 147.3 2,015.5 561.5 45.2 31.7 1.1 1.1 46.2 31.7 2,061.7 562.4

Butte 3,564.6 554.2 553.8 164.9 4,118.4 577.6 — — 91.2 79.1 91.2 79.1 4,209.6 582.9

Calaveras 2,055.4 460.0 719.3 185.2 2,774.7 496.4 108.6 110.6 — — 108.6 110.6 2,883.2 508.5

Colusa 312.3 139.1 248.4 64.1 560.7 152.7 — — 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.4 565.3 152.7

Contra Costa — — 43.8 23.0 43.8 23.0 8.5 9.1 18.2 14.6 26.7 17.2 70.5 28.7

Del Norte 6,263.8 1,015.5 98.5 38.6 6,362.3 1,015.4 1,632.1 572.1 8.2 10.4 1,640.3 572.2 8,002.6 1,155.4

El Dorado 7,004.5 848.9 605.1 183.1 7,609.5 865.9 591.8 345.8 139.3 67.3 731.2 352.2 8,340.7 921.9

Fresno 2,757.3 556.4 971.7 286.9 3,729.0 624.5 3,418.8 576.5 1,091.8 258.2 4,510.6 626.6 8,239.6 852.3Glenn 830.0 248.7 314.7 114.6 1,144.7 274.0 26.9 28.3 — — 26.9 28.3 1,171.6 275.1Humboldt 28,585.6 2,499.7 951.6 483.3 29,537.2 2,537.0 6,404.5 1,475.3 — — 6,404.5 1,475.3 35,941.6 2,849.4

Imperial — — 30.5 17.1 30.5 17.1 — — 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 34.4 17.6

Inyo 96.8 62.7 762.3 155.2 859.2 167.4 68.8 48.2 1,123.3 245.5 1,192.1 250.0 2,051.3 289.8

Kern 1,591.2 395.3 1,182.4 198.5 2,773.6 443.9 — — 347.5 167.3 347.5 167.3 3,121.1 472.4

Lake 1,747.1 374.0 480.9 149.0 2,228.0 401.4 23.5 15.5 43.6 29.6 67.1 33.4 2,295.2 402.5Lassen 7,200.2 766.1 885.8 160.5 8,086.0 783.3 633.1 304.0 — — 633.1 304.0 8,719.1 834.6

Los Angeles 283.2 110.4 371.5 123.9 654.7 163.2 62.3 52.9 93.1 66.8 155.4 85.2 810.0 180.5

Madera 2,536.0 561.2 649.8 166.5 3,185.8 586.7 1,634.5 469.7 203.7 128.5 1,838.2 486.0 5,024.0 751.3

Marin 428.2 219.0 129.3 62.4 557.5 227.6 120.3 72.6 30.8 22.8 151.1 75.4 708.6 239.7

Mariposa 1,509.6 402.5 659.6 136.3 2,169.2 423.1 2,947.0 667.6 454.0 285.2 3,401.0 715.0 5,570.2 830.8

Mendocino 15,149.9 1,217.0 1,913.1 355.3 17,063.0 1,253.0 283.7 153.3 161.4 92.7 445.1 179.1 17,508.1 1,261.9

Merced — — 2.6 1.8 2.6 1.8 — — 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.5 7.0 4.9

Modoc 4,310.4 507.1 958.7 176.2 5,269.1 535.0 350.9 180.8 12.9 9.2 363.7 181.0 5,632.8 561.8

Mono 1,174.5 315.1 2,157.2 364.4 3,331.7 472.5 190.3 106.7 213.1 96.5 403.4 143.8 3,735.1 489.9

Monterey 359.2 217.9 835.2 209.7 1,194.4 301.9 368.2 198.7 787.4 274.2 1,155.6 401.3 2,350.0 501.2

Napa 398.7 159.6 289.4 77.9 688.1 175.1 — — 6.5 4.8 6.5 4.8 694.7 175.2

Nevada 2,653.9 615.7 195.8 102.2 2,849.7 622.5 72.5 73.8 69.8 63.6 142.3 97.4 2,992.0 631.5

Orange — — 25.2 20.4 25.2 20.4 — — 16.7 14.3 16.7 14.3 41.9 24.9
228

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Placer 4,675.6 682.1 398.7 118.0 5,074.3 694.7 369.4 209.4 2.1 1.6 371.5 209.4 5,445.8 724.7 Plumas 11,277.9 898.2 185.1 114.3 11,463.1 904.6 365.4 190.4 — — 365.4 190.4 11,828.5 917.5 Riverside 17.0 10.4 429.5 321.8 446.5 321.9 247.6 157.8 72.5 43.3 320.2 163.7 766.6 360.8 Sacramento — — 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 — — — — — — 1.0 1.1 San Benito 23.4 19.3 322.6 92.4 345.9 94.4 — — — — — — 345.9 94.4 San Bernardino 737.5 234.6 1,183.1 267.5 1,920.6 353.2 282.6 121.1 316.4 138.0 599.0 182.6 2,519.6 393.2

San Diego 39.0 25.9 252.6 93.6 291.6 97.0 95.8 74.9 132.7 87.9 228.6 115.3 520.2 150.6

San Joaquin 80.1 49.4 4.6 3.8 84.7 49.5 — — — — — — 84.7 49.5

San Luis Obispo 22.4 18.0 826.9 200.5 849.3 201.2 — — 37.1 24.7 37.1 24.7 886.4 202.5

San Mateo 642.6 309.3 81.8 45.8 724.4 312.7 64.5 47.3 8.4 8.5 72.9 48.1 797.2 314.6

Santa Barbara 62.5 32.4 942.3 235.7 1,004.8 237.8 46.9 30.4 291.2 158.2 338.1 160.8 1,342.9 286.8

Santa Clara 198.0 108.7 746.1 178.2 944.1 207.5 — — 177.3 59.1 177.3 59.1 1,121.4 215.5

Santa Cruz 1,562.4 533.0 48.5 42.7 1,611.0 534.7 389.3 168.7 21.8 22.2 411.1 170.1 2,022.0 561.1

Shasta 10,659.1 925.3 1,328.8 233.4 11,987.9 944.4 1,429.6 379.8 146.7 63.4 1,576.3 380.8 13,564.2 1,009.8

Sierra 4,993.3 712.2 68.0 54.6 5,061.3 731.7 24.1 24.6 — — 24.1 24.6 5,085.4 732.1

Siskiyou 23,235.4 1,565.4 1,295.1 248.1 24,530.4 1,577.0 3,678.7 604.7 141.7 69.4 3,820.4 612.4 28,350.8 1,636.3

Solano — — 103.5 50.4 103.5 50.4 — — — — — — 103.5 50.4

Sonoma 2,779.9 457.9 264.2 81.1 3,044.1 462.4 252.0 160.7 30.6 19.6 282.7 161.9 3,326.7 489.3

Stanislaus — — 117.6 53.7 117.6 53.7 — — 41.9 31.8 41.9 31.8 159.5 62.4

Sutter — — 35.2 20.3 35.2 20.3 — — — — — — 35.2 20.3Tehama 5,312.0 723.4 1,026.1 246.0 6,338.0 761.9 372.8 159.7 186.1 113.8 559.0 195.8 6,897.0 783.2

Trinity 14,308.3 1,301.4 612.6 186.3 14,920.9 1,309.4 5,075.2 753.0 133.4 56.2 5,208.6 754.4 20,129.5 1,463.9

Tulare 1,797.0 477.4 503.3 109.5 2,300.2 487.8 6,649.0 906.9 1,713.5 332.4 8,362.5 954.0 10,662.8 1,056.4

Tuolumne 5,111.7 679.4 707.6 202.1 5,819.4 705.9 4,093.7 718.8 363.5 188.2 4,457.2 738.6 10,276.5 1,016.3

Ventura 9.4 7.0 357.0 75.5 366.4 75.8 97.4 66.3 134.5 57.8 231.9 87.9 598.4 113.3

Yolo — — 60.0 24.5 60.0 24.5 — — — — — — 60.0 24.5

Yuba 1,328.4 380.5 155.5 55.6 1,483.9 384.3 — — 3.2 2.9 3.2 2.9 1,487.1 384.4

All counties 182,527.7 3,923.3 29,216.1 1,246.3 211,743.8 3,995.3 44,111.2 2,432.3 9,066.3 764.9 53,177.6 2,509.6 264,921.3 4,358.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.Table A2-97—Biomass of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
229

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-98—Carbon mass of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

Alameda 28.8 31.9 221.0 78.0 249.7 84.3 — — 10.9 6.6 10.9 6.6 260.7 84.5

Alpine 491.9 185.3 154.4 71.1 646.3 198.3 740.4 214.2 75.2 36.3 815.6 216.7 1,461.9 290.6

Amador 787.5 250.4 133.1 66.0 920.6 256.6 20.9 14.8 0.5 0.5 21.4 14.8 942.0 257.0

Butte 1,632.1 253.6 250.7 74.7 1,882.8 264.0 — — 41.0 35.5 41.0 35.5 1,923.8 266.4

Calaveras 951.0 214.0 325.1 83.7 1,276.1 230.0 50.5 51.5 — — 50.5 51.5 1,326.6 235.6

Colusa 144.0 64.3 112.7 29.2 256.7 70.4 — — 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 258.8 70.4

Contra Costa — — 19.8 10.4 19.8 10.4 3.9 4.2 8.3 6.7 12.2 7.9 32.1 13.1

Del Norte 2,908.6 473.9 45.2 17.7 2,953.9 473.8 755.3 266.1 3.8 4.8 759.1 266.1 3,713.0 538.8

El Dorado 3,246.5 394.8 275.1 83.0 3,521.6 402.3 272.6 157.5 65.5 31.7 338.1 160.7 3,859.7 427.2

Fresno 1,283.3 259.2 445.7 133.5 1,729.0 290.9 1,596.4 269.6 507.8 120.6 2,104.2 293.0 3,833.2 397.8

Glenn 382.2 114.8 143.3 52.1 525.6 126.2 12.4 13.0 — — 12.4 13.0 538.0 126.7

Humboldt 13,280.4 1,169.9 436.7 225.0 13,717.1 1,187.3 2,996.9 693.1 — — 2,996.9 693.1 16,714.0 1,335.3

Imperial — — 13.8 7.7 13.8 7.7 — — 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 15.5 7.9

Inyo 45.0 29.2 355.6 72.7 400.6 78.4 32.2 22.5 522.1 114.7 554.3 116.7 954.9 135.5

Kern 741.7 184.7 538.2 90.7 1,279.8 206.5 — — 161.9 78.5 161.9 78.5 1,441.7 219.9

Lake 806.8 173.6 221.0 69.0 1,027.8 186.3 10.9 7.1 19.8 13.4 30.6 15.2 1,058.4 186.7

Lassen 3,349.9 356.9 406.3 73.9 3,756.2 364.8 294.6 141.1 — — 294.6 141.1 4,050.7 388.5

Los Angeles 130.3 50.4 168.1 55.9 298.4 74.0 28.1 23.9 43.2 31.4 71.4 39.4 369.8 82.2Madera 1,181.0 262.0 297.3 76.7 1,478.3 273.6 760.5 217.7 95.0 60.2 855.6 225.4 2,333.9 349.6

Marin 197.0 101.1 58.2 28.0 255.2 104.9 54.7 33.0 13.9 10.2 68.5 34.2 323.7 110.3

Mariposa 696.5 185.3 300.5 62.1 997.0 194.6 1,374.7 311.6 211.8 133.0 1,586.5 333.7 2,583.5 386.3

Mendocino 6,986.1 562.3 864.1 160.3 7,850.2 578.0 129.8 69.9 72.9 41.6 202.7 81.3 8,052.9 581.9

Merced — — 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 — — 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.1 2.2

Modoc 2,001.8 235.9 443.8 82.2 2,445.6 249.0 163.1 84.1 5.9 4.2 169.0 84.2 2,614.6 261.4

Mono 545.6 146.5 1,006.2 170.8 1,551.7 220.7 88.9 49.8 100.0 45.3 188.8 67.3 1,740.5 228.9

Monterey 166.2 101.4 379.5 96.1 545.7 139.5 168.8 91.3 359.1 126.2 527.9 185.7 1,073.6 231.8

Napa 180.9 72.4 131.7 35.5 312.6 79.5 — — 2.9 2.2 2.9 2.2 315.5 79.5

Nevada 1,230.3 288.1 89.4 47.0 1,319.7 291.2 33.8 34.5 31.7 28.9 65.6 45.0 1,385.3 295.3

Orange — — 11.4 9.2 11.4 9.2 — — 7.5 6.4 7.5 6.4 18.9 11.2
230

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Placer 2,164.4 316.5 181.0 53.5 2,345.4 322.2 172.2 98.2 1.0 0.7 173.1 98.2 2,518.5 336.4 Plumas 5,231.7 417.0 86.0 53.7 5,317.7 420.1 169.0 87.7 — — 169.0 87.7 5,486.7 425.9 Riverside 7.7 4.7 194.8 145.4 202.5 145.4 115.5 73.5 32.9 19.5 148.4 76.0 350.9 163.9 Sacramento — — 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 — — — — — — 0.5 0.5 San Benito 10.6 8.7 148.0 42.8 158.6 43.6 — — — — — — 158.6 43.6 San Bernardino 343.5 109.5 543.2 123.2 886.7 163.6 132.3 56.8 148.1 65.0 280.3 85.9 1,167.0 182.7

San Diego 17.7 11.8 113.6 42.0 131.3 43.6 44.5 34.9 60.9 40.4 105.4 53.3 236.7 68.8

San Joaquin 36.1 22.2 2.1 1.7 38.2 22.3 — — — — — — 38.2 22.3

San Luis Obispo 10.1 8.1 371.3 89.7 381.4 90.0 — — 16.8 11.2 16.8 11.2 398.1 90.6

San Mateo 298.5 144.1 36.8 20.6 335.3 145.6 29.4 21.6 3.8 3.8 33.2 21.9 368.5 146.5

Santa Barbara 28.1 14.6 426.4 106.7 454.6 107.7 21.6 14.0 133.4 73.0 155.0 74.2 609.5 130.7

Santa Clara 89.8 49.4 337.1 80.5 426.9 93.9 — — 80.3 26.8 80.3 26.8 507.2 97.5

Santa Cruz 712.7 242.3 21.7 19.1 734.4 243.1 178.8 78.0 10.0 10.2 188.8 78.6 923.2 255.4

Shasta 4,939.7 430.7 603.8 106.1 5,543.5 439.1 657.9 174.7 66.8 29.0 724.7 175.2 6,268.2 468.9

Sierra 2,317.3 331.2 31.6 25.5 2,348.9 340.5 11.0 11.2 — — 11.0 11.2 2,359.9 340.7

Siskiyou 10,768.3 726.1 594.4 113.5 11,362.6 731.3 1,710.3 282.4 64.7 31.6 1,774.9 285.7 13,137.6 759.5

Solano — — 46.5 22.6 46.5 22.6 — — — — — — 46.5 22.6

Sonoma 1,278.4 211.5 118.8 36.4 1,397.2 213.4 116.1 74.0 13.9 8.9 130.0 74.5 1,527.1 225.8

Stanislaus — — 52.8 24.0 52.8 24.0 — — 19.1 14.6 19.1 14.6 72.0 28.0

Sutter — — 16.0 9.2 16.0 9.2 — — — — — — 16.0 9.2

Tehama 2,459.9 335.5 467.3 111.3 2,927.2 352.4 172.3 74.1 84.3 51.1 256.5 89.9 3,183.7 362.1

Trinity 6,624.3 602.1 278.5 85.0 6,902.8 605.7 2,357.8 351.0 61.0 25.7 2,418.7 351.7 9,321.5 678.4Tulare 836.2 222.9 228.1 49.9 1,064.3 227.5 3,106.2 424.7 799.6 155.8 3,905.8 446.8 4,970.0 494.5

Tuolumne 2,368.3 315.0 322.9 92.3 2,691.1 326.9 1,915.7 337.1 168.6 87.0 2,084.3 346.1 4,775.4 473.6

Ventura 4.3 3.2 163.1 34.5 167.4 34.6 44.5 30.2 61.4 26.3 105.8 40.1 273.2 51.6

Yolo — — 27.2 11.1 27.2 11.1 — — — — — — 27.2 11.1

Yuba 608.2 174.5 70.3 25.1 678.6 176.3 — — 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.3 680.0 176.3

All counties 84,550.8 1,827.0 13,332.7 571.3 97,883.5 1,859.3 20,544.3 1,137.0 4,194.3 355.5 24,738.6 1,172.6 122,622.1 2,031.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.Table A2-98—Carbon mass of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
231

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-99—Average volume per acre of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb

0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 8.86 0.25 66.23 4.53 188.42 5.85 196.02 4.68 357.51 9.43 743.98 28.70 1,561.01 36.33

Douglas-fir 14.80 1.10 74.96 5.78 224.68 25.13 184.59 11.31 366.38 27.36 1,105.40 146.60 1,970.82 167.52

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 12.08 0.45 73.87 3.22 221.16 10.76 198.83 10.04 425.40 23.64 785.06 60.41 1,716.42 76.68Lodgepole pine 4.71 0.78 46.39 22.75 80.02 8.96 114.89 12.41 310.67 31.74 594.56 57.94 1,151.24 84.19

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 4.04 0.28 20.44 1.41 51.96 4.02 39.47 3.67 74.26 8.79 34.29 7.44 224.47 18.55

Ponderosa pine 2.68 0.26 33.56 1.77 97.41 5.88 96.02 5.62 140.04 9.72 270.67 28.66 640.39 37.35

Redwood 12.16 1.03 72.12 6.49 246.75 26.83 254.69 19.19 578.53 44.87 2,024.66 314.96 3,188.91 332.28

Western juniper 2.14 0.16 18.33 1.66 44.26 6.16 25.81 3.00 48.88 6.70 120.13 28.18 259.55 36.44

Western white pine 3.49 0.60 22.94 4.01 45.39 8.78 76.85 13.35 172.52 43.87 411.52 84.56 732.72 109.65

Other western softwoods 5.34 0.79 32.44 4.57 84.99 14.66 85.04 10.42 265.23 37.98 414.62 70.15 887.66 104.76

Total 7.55 0.16 53.14 2.32 150.37 3.51 148.37 2.79 288.45 6.07 620.69 21.15 1,268.57 26.08

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 8.87 0.87 65.86 7.77 234.92 31.76 173.66 17.45 411.27 55.72 1,505.04 270.48 2,399.63 322.80

Aspen/birch 3.97 0.96 38.85 9.20 152.61 29.33 166.16 42.63 130.52 83.88 236.40 153.40 728.50 256.39

Elm/ash/cottonwood 14.76 8.12 39.81 6.12 123.79 31.85 57.47 17.32 83.41 27.21 — — 319.25 65.53

Tanoak/laurel 10.17 0.54 60.05 4.84 191.30 11.61 173.82 8.55 323.54 17.83 803.79 72.48 1,562.66 85.38

Western oak 4.98 0.14 32.30 1.16 84.71 3.41 68.93 2.42 99.03 4.63 108.93 9.60 398.88 14.96

Woodland hardwoods 4.66 0.48 36.88 4.80 96.00 10.37 50.04 9.17 73.31 15.42 36.06 15.70 296.94 32.52

Other hardwoods 7.91 1.03 46.86 6.06 133.79 25.50 119.16 16.64 149.03 21.49 161.87 39.87 618.63 72.84

Total 6.02 0.15 38.19 1.22 107.49 3.54 89.47 2.51 141.59 4.95 244.45 15.69 627.20 20.91

Nonstocked 3.92 0.49 31.38 3.66 87.38 10.69 106.55 13.16 205.39 34.19 208.24 49.32 642.86 81.67All forest types 6.86 0.11 46.69 1.44 131.86 2.47 124.02 1.92 228.23 4.12 461.65 13.76 999.30 17.32

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inch above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
232

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-100—Average biomass per acre of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010 Down wood diameter class (inches) Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb 0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre Softwoods: California mixed conifer 0.093 0.003 0.695 0.053 1.962 0.063 1.541 0.039 2.521 0.068 4.963 0.200 11.775 0.274 Douglas-fir 0.174 0.012 0.881 0.064 2.596 0.267 1.541 0.101 2.748 0.219 7.757 1.034 15.697 1.224 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 0.118 0.004 0.719 0.031 2.154 0.104 1.375 0.070 2.765 0.156 5.070 0.397 12.201 0.518 Lodgepole pine 0.047 0.008 0.467 0.231 0.798 0.089 1.009 0.107 2.499 0.261 4.685 0.476 9.506 0.713 Pinyon/juniper woodlands 0.048 0.003 0.245 0.017 0.619 0.049 0.376 0.036 0.693 0.081 0.308 0.069 2.289 0.181 Ponderosa pine 0.027 0.003 0.340 0.018 0.993 0.060 0.816 0.051 1.126 0.082 1.887 0.210 5.189 0.297

Redwood 0.121 0.010 0.721 0.065 2.448 0.266 2.148 0.177 4.246 0.341 14.723 2.456 24.407 2.567

Western juniper 0.024 0.002 0.207 0.018 0.496 0.065 0.220 0.026 0.383 0.049 0.790 0.167 2.120 0.240

Western white pine 0.034 0.006 0.224 0.039 0.441 0.086 0.597 0.099 1.445 0.364 3.543 0.773 6.285 0.979

Other western softwoods 0.056 0.008 0.340 0.047 0.882 0.146 0.705 0.088 2.179 0.310 3.023 0.509 7.185 0.784

Total 0.080 0.002 0.557 0.026 1.566 0.037 1.179 0.023 2.088 0.045 4.259 0.153 9.728 0.195

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 0.096 0.009 0.708 0.083 2.552 0.351 1.315 0.137 2.853 0.378 10.475 1.772 17.999 2.182

Aspen birch 0.039 0.009 0.381 0.087 1.504 0.284 1.102 0.294 0.901 0.608 1.680 1.084 5.608 1.869

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.210 0.128 0.458 0.074 1.302 0.293 0.359 0.093 0.613 0.184 — — 2.943 0.523

Tanoak/laurel 0.130 0.007 0.762 0.059 2.416 0.142 1.600 0.094 2.533 0.152 5.365 0.470 12.806 0.619

Western oak 0.070 0.002 0.449 0.016 1.174 0.047 0.648 0.023 0.879 0.040 0.911 0.080 4.131 0.139

Woodland hardwoods 0.064 0.007 0.494 0.067 1.263 0.141 0.516 0.103 0.657 0.126 0.280 0.115 3.273 0.339

Other hardwoods 0.098 0.012 0.579 0.073 1.678 0.311 1.054 0.150 1.276 0.182 1.359 0.378 6.045 0.711

Total 0.081 0.002 0.510 0.016 1.423 0.046 0.825 0.025 1.184 0.041 1.790 0.109 5.814 0.165

Nonstocked 0.041 0.005 0.333 0.040 0.933 0.117 0.862 0.105 1.707 0.291 1.534 0.365 5.411 0.672

All forest types 0.079 0.001 0.533 0.016 1.494 0.028 1.031 0.017 1.721 0.031 3.215 0.099 8.073 0.131

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inch above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
233

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-101—Average carbon mass per hectare of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb

0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Kilograms per hectare

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 104.25 3.10 778.68 59.56 2,199.06 70.08 1,778.94 44.88 2,911.35 78.77 5,745.25 231.43 13,517.53 314.91

Douglas-fir 194.51 13.44 987.44 71.31 2,909.89 299.76 1,757.67 115.31 3,150.54 251.05 8,984.88 1,198.75 17,984.94 1,415.84

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 132.00 4.91 806.41 35.04 2,414.33 116.90 1,598.79 81.07 3,209.76 180.75 5,842.73 455.89 14,004.03 595.39

Lodgepole pine 52.99 8.80 523.70 258.68 894.35 99.32 1,175.99 124.40 2,897.84 302.83 5,429.84 552.85 10,974.70 823.64Pinyon/juniper woodlands 54.23 3.65 274.26 19.36 693.63 54.59 437.00 42.35 807.54 94.28 360.25 81.06 2,626.90 208.87

Ponderosa pine 30.64 2.96 381.21 20.01 1,112.64 67.45 945.28 58.52 1,304.46 94.54 2,174.33 241.36 5,948.56 341.38

Redwood 135.98 11.38 807.94 72.98 2,744.02 298.03 2,456.57 200.99 4,897.59 392.78 17,124.86 2,866.61 28,166.95 2,993.50

Western juniper 27.32 1.91 231.76 20.14 556.16 73.33 253.87 30.20 443.85 57.16 913.47 193.53 2,426.42 276.33

Western white pine 38.39 6.74 251.51 44.26 494.48 95.92 690.76 114.26 1,681.06 422.31 4,129.29 900.92 7,285.50 1,138.98

Other western softwoods 63.01 8.91 380.72 53.03 988.62 163.54 817.40 101.42 2,534.11 361.09 3,525.45 593.46 8,309.32 909.09

Total 89.26 1.91 624.40 29.18 1,754.86 41.16 1,361.05 26.54 2,414.14 51.75 4,931.73 177.78 11,175.43 225.86

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 107.21 10.15 793.15 93.51 2,860.28 393.53 1,488.05 154.88 3,260.80 432.04 12,139.27 2,070.04 20,648.76 2,538.57

Aspen/birch 43.95 10.55 427.20 97.90 1,685.75 318.53 1,233.41 326.73 1,025.33 693.74 1,890.68 1,221.96 6,306.31 2,102.42

Elm/ash/cottonwood 235.91 143.87 512.93 83.17 1,459.66 328.59 395.56 102.32 674.77 202.87 — — 3,278.83 581.84

Tanoak/laurel 146.05 7.74 853.61 66.17 2,708.39 159.45 1,795.41 104.25 2,866.06 171.25 6,185.88 541.09 14,555.40 707.45

Western oak 78.48 2.27 503.65 18.20 1,315.41 52.36 726.44 26.39 992.14 45.18 1,035.89 91.46 4,652.02 157.84

Woodland hardwoods 71.46 8.24 553.55 74.54 1,415.88 157.87 576.97 115.08 750.32 145.02 324.14 134.10 3,692.33 383.50

Other hardwoods 109.46 13.89 649.24 81.47 1,881.21 348.14 1,183.80 168.85 1,437.44 204.77 1,563.50 429.82 6,824.65 804.32

Total 91.20 2.32 571.97 17.91 1,595.16 51.34 925.14 27.90 1,338.95 46.76 2,053.76 125.89 6,576.18 188.61

Nonstocked 46.08 5.72 373.43 45.09 1,046.02 130.76 998.91 121.24 1,985.23 339.31 1,782.87 425.49 6,232.55 778.49All forest types 89.00 1.43 597.62 18.37 1,674.61 31.16 1,179.54 19.05 1,977.53 36.22 3,715.31 114.47 9,233.61 150.63

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 kilograms per hectare was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inch above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
234

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-102—Average number of pieces per acre of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group and 

down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Pieces per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 185.7 4.2 40.0 1.1 9.4 0.4 235.2 4.9

Douglas-fir 154.6 9.1 40.0 3.4 16.2 2.0 210.7 11.2

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 184.7 8.6 45.2 2.5 11.4 0.9 241.4 10.1

Lodgepole pine 99.5 10.5 27.8 2.3 8.5 0.9 135.7 11.8

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 51.2 4.6 12.3 1.6 1.3 0.3 64.8 5.7

Ponderosa pine 101.6 5.5 16.4 1.3 4.0 0.5 122.1 6.3

Redwood 207.4 15.4 67.0 5.9 24.8 2.6 299.2 18.8

Western juniper 33.4 4.1 6.4 0.9 1.6 0.3 41.3 4.5

Western white pine 82.8 13.6 19.1 5.3 8.0 2.8 109.9 15.7

Other western softwoods 78.2 8.8 30.2 4.2 6.7 1.1 115.1 11.5

Total 140.6 2.5 32.2 0.7 8.4 0.3 181.2 2.9

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 138.0 15.0 42.0 5.6 24.3 4.6 204.3 19.5

Aspen/birch 194.1 48.7 9.5 5.3 2.5 1.7 206.1 51.7

Elm/ash/cottonwood 72.2 20.1 5.9 3.0 — — 78.1 20.6

Tanoak/laurel 155.2 6.9 33.5 2.0 11.0 0.9 199.7 8.1

Western oak 73.0 2.4 11.1 0.5 1.7 0.1 85.7 2.7

Woodland hardwoods 65.9 11.9 12.6 2.9 1.0 0.5 79.4 13.4

Other hardwoods 115.7 15.2 17.7 3.2 2.6 0.9 136.0 17.1

Total 89.5 2.3 15.5 0.6 3.6 0.2 108.6 2.7

 

Nonstocked 92.7 10.5 19.8 2.8 3.0 0.8 115.5 12.5

 

All forest types 119.2 1.7 25.3 0.5 6.4 0.2 150.8 2.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.05 pieces per acre was estimated; 

the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a

 Includes down wood pieces ≥3 inches in diameter at the transect intersection. Number of pieces can not be estimated for down wood with smaller 

diameters (fine woody material) because pieces were not individually measured.
235

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-103—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, 

California, 2001–2010

Ownership group and land status

U.S. Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private

Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land All forest land

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 11.944 0.391 11.702 0.826 6.424 1.026 14.287 1.395 10.754 1.235 12.866 2.660 11.178 0.452 7.458 3.473 11.775 0.274

Douglas-fir 12.665 1.765 10.934 2.630 2.490 0.342 11.565 5.399 13.673 2.516 33.551 12.216 17.343 1.761 — — 15.697 1.224

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 12.617 0.611 10.323 1.328 11.983 11.983 15.158 2.088 11.016 11.016 14.833 0.758 11.719 1.307 — — 12.201 0.518

Lodgepole pine 11.182 1.685 7.745 0.812 — — 11.108 1.875 9.018 0.505 — — 10.351 2.084 — — 9.506 0.713

Pinyon/juniper woodlands 1.929 0.916 2.838 0.287 20.705 20.705 1.994 0.279 — — 1.282 0.466 0.006 0.006 1.405 0.478 2.289 0.181

Ponderosa pine 5.287 0.467 5.021 0.724 4.137 1.215 3.684 1.695 0.254 0.007 8.383 1.926 5.257 0.449 2.506 0.457 5.189 0.297Redwood — — 25.861 5.885 — — 64.070 17.689 14.268 5.005 24.216 3.957 22.132 2.692 — — 24.407 2.567

Western juniper 3.558 0.950 2.413 0.356 3.569 1.550 1.244 0.215 — — 19.011 13.458 1.776 0.659 1.091 0.219 2.120 0.240Western white pine 5.652 2.016 6.177 1.091 — — 9.870 4.580 — — — — 2.746 2.746 — — 6.285 0.979

Other western softwoods 9.375 2.606 5.892 1.056 0.951 0.951 5.328 1.194 — — 3.761 0.429 14.211 2.279 6.789 3.428 7.185 0.784

Total 10.745 0.281 6.902 0.317 5.492 0.753 7.727 0.700 11.882 1.489 13.912 2.254 12.426 0.505 1.462 0.268 9.728 0.195

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 14.228 2.207 12.957 3.538 6.402 1.293 25.460 10.671 19.100 8.597 12.115 1.810 21.589 3.315 6.817 2.703 17.999 2.182

Aspen/birch 4.444 1.345 5.407 3.881 — — 2.588 0.280 — — 4.293 0.000 9.736 3.349 — — 5.608 1.869

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 4.925 4.925 — — — — — — 1.654 0.630 4.463 0.175 1.820 0.709 2.943 0.523

Tanoak/laurel 12.110 1.587 14.767 3.304 4.532 1.616 9.292 2.289 19.189 4.644 10.185 2.268 13.697 0.776 8.596 1.858 12.806 0.619Western oak 6.981 0.489 4.878 0.414 6.657 1.731 3.479 0.536 6.752 1.733 3.206 0.396 6.276 0.518 2.679 0.132 4.131 0.139

Woodland hardwoods 2.511 0.504 3.444 0.559 — — 3.383 0.706 — — 3.578 1.062 4.737 2.552 3.039 1.009 3.273 0.339Other hardwoods 10.817 1.721 3.748 1.107 4.816 4.816 0.448 0.248 22.335 17.148 3.685 1.141 8.297 1.405 2.739 0.711 6.045 0.711

Total 8.259 0.521 5.380 0.404 6.087 1.268 4.250 0.646 15.000 3.877 4.701 0.578 10.275 0.485 2.832 0.136 5.814 0.165

Nonstocked 5.693 1.083 4.887 1.490 4.316 1.924 5.685 2.500 — — 4.467 0.000 5.761 1.073 1.476 0.702 5.411 0.672

All forest types 10.097 0.244 6.338 0.247 5.736 0.727 6.806 0.536 13.132 1.804 7.400 0.825 11.498 0.355 2.692 0.126 8.073 0.131

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.
236

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-104—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by ownership and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre USDA Forest Service: National forest 10.097 0.244 3.804 0.267 8.563 0.198 10.218 0.511 4.707 0.406 8.471 0.387 8.542 0.173 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 5.786 0.738 2.090 0.212 2.951 0.257 6.023 1.891 3.559 0.853 3.827 0.796 3.098 0.252 Departments of Defense or Energy 3.072 0.000 1.381 0.381 1.505 0.377 — — — — — — 1.505 0.377 National Park Service — — — — — — 15.075 1.422 4.346 0.757 11.493 1.031 11.493 1.031 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 7.719 0.000 — — 4.555 2.983 4.555 2.983

Other federal — — 1.261 0.455 1.261 0.455 21.198 10.540 3.665 1.297 11.735 6.421 3.532 1.748

Total 5.736 0.727 1.980 0.188 2.770 0.232 14.842 1.370 4.050 0.564 10.237 0.871 6.700 0.488

State and local government:

Local 9.241 1.486 4.246 0.874 5.384 0.802 4.482 1.555 1.998 0.381 2.376 0.463 4.606 0.630State 15.387 2.594 3.355 0.848 9.528 1.697 16.395 2.075 2.954 0.595 10.533 1.374 10.249 1.090

Other public — — 0.639 0.039 0.639 0.039 9.561 9.561 1.932 0.653 4.684 2.079 3.463 1.655

Total 13.132 1.804 3.871 0.643 7.073 0.878 15.710 1.967 2.678 0.440 9.155 1.165 8.256 0.758

Corporate private 13.770 0.556 2.748 0.354 12.593 0.512 — — — — — — 12.593 0.512

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental organizations and 

conservation or natural resource organizations 9.107 1.256 1.873 0.588 7.503 1.054 — — — — — — 7.503 1.054

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 10.836 2.829 4.851 2.546 9.083 2.159 — — — — — — 9.083 2.159

Native American 16.663 2.940 2.612 0.557 12.834 2.390 — — — — — — 12.834 2.390

Individual 8.308 0.413 2.684 0.137 4.833 0.189 — — — — — — 4.833 0.189

Total 8.816 0.399 2.686 0.134 5.229 0.194 — — — — — — 5.229 0.194

All private 11.498 0.355 2.692 0.126 7.838 0.223 — — — — — — 7.838 0.223

All owners 10.657 0.204 2.975 0.111 7.857 0.141 11.928 0.524 4.182 0.292 9.065 0.364 8.073 0.131

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.
237

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-105—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, California, 

2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Alameda 9.970 2.725 6.118 1.322 6.403 1.288 — — 1.241 0.272 1.241 0.272 5.448 1.162

Alpine 8.980 2.723 4.803 1.691 7.423 1.862 10.095 2.159 2.685 0.952 8.051 1.679 7.760 1.244

Amador 13.851 3.251 3.809 1.532 9.984 2.232 2.797 1.404 0.174 0.174 2.077 1.138 9.199 2.055

Butte 9.181 0.900 4.245 0.837 7.940 0.734 — — 7.335 3.391 7.335 3.391 7.925 0.721

Calaveras 10.182 1.557 3.158 0.668 6.458 0.913 17.581 17.581 — — 17.581 17.581 6.615 0.915

Colusa 6.427 1.724 1.531 0.284 2.660 0.575 — — 0.689 0.689 0.689 0.689 2.599 0.560

Contra Costa — — 1.831 0.343 1.831 0.343 1.532 1.532 1.324 0.584 1.384 0.415 1.631 0.276

Del Norte 12.946 1.584 1.983 0.358 11.926 1.475 18.179 4.186 2.037 2.037 17.485 4.096 12.757 1.406

El Dorado 10.932 0.897 4.866 1.032 9.946 0.791 11.537 5.456 5.341 0.844 9.448 3.703 9.900 0.792

Fresno 9.865 1.464 2.847 0.751 6.006 0.840 8.796 1.050 4.243 0.789 6.983 0.736 6.504 0.553

Glenn 8.369 1.414 3.325 0.862 5.906 0.930 4.576 4.576 — — 4.576 4.576 5.867 0.904

Humboldt 18.913 1.322 10.550 4.574 18.442 1.277 32.208 5.303 — — 32.208 5.303 19.962 1.296

Imperial — — 0.564 0.252 0.564 0.252 — — 0.921 0.921 0.921 0.921 0.591 0.235

Inyo 5.715 1.409 2.774 0.480 2.944 0.471 5.482 0.332 4.135 0.718 4.194 0.687 3.561 0.420

Kern 10.076 1.611 2.086 0.282 3.827 0.507 — — 4.781 1.908 4.781 1.908 3.914 0.492

Lake 9.098 1.260 2.959 0.701 6.284 0.829 2.151 0.182 2.387 0.864 2.299 0.543 5.981 0.777

Lassen 8.431 0.607 1.808 0.272 6.017 0.442 17.275 3.862 — — 17.275 3.862 6.316 0.458

Los Angeles 4.610 1.069 2.478 0.695 3.097 0.614 5.649 3.380 3.543 1.766 4.166 1.598 3.258 0.574

Madera 11.358 1.779 2.052 0.445 5.900 0.907 11.129 2.241 5.633 2.610 10.043 1.899 6.948 0.846

Marin 18.072 2.413 3.730 1.134 9.553 2.471 6.403 0.737 2.746 0.333 5.035 0.909 8.019 1.754

Mariposa 10.071 1.795 2.585 0.367 5.356 0.829 15.018 2.324 10.646 5.288 14.237 2.144 8.651 1.029

Mendocino 11.628 0.662 5.298 0.743 10.254 0.561 11.193 2.308 5.310 1.842 7.985 1.752 10.181 0.546

Merced — — 0.103 0.073 0.103 0.073 — — 0.641 0.057 0.641 0.057 0.219 0.126

Modoc 6.247 0.478 1.437 0.233 3.883 0.306 10.588 3.275 1.050 0.126 8.014 2.830 4.016 0.312

Mono 5.714 1.205 3.907 0.546 4.397 0.518 7.844 1.814 3.086 1.041 4.323 1.045 4.389 0.475

Monterey 11.219 4.771 2.316 0.505 3.042 0.673 11.144 4.544 7.604 2.190 8.460 2.400 4.441 0.832

Napa 6.745 1.625 2.556 0.411 3.993 0.733 — — 0.866 0.244 0.866 0.244 3.862 0.712

Nevada 7.698 1.490 3.234 1.380 7.031 1.296 26.558 26.558 8.627 8.627 13.148 4.619 7.190 1.266

Orange — — 2.263 0.606 2.263 0.606 — — 6.028 2.931 6.028 2.931 3.014 0.869

Placer 9.999 0.982 3.454 0.706 8.703 0.842 9.671 4.036 0.182 0.063 7.464 3.365 8.606 0.821

Plumas 8.431 0.464 3.808 1.981 8.269 0.454 10.086 3.176 — — 10.086 3.176 8.315 0.450

Riverside 1.119 0.133 8.551 5.833 6.823 4.547 10.422 3.917 1.691 0.852 4.802 2.001 5.803 2.475

Sacramento — — 0.109 0.051 0.108 0.051 — — — — — — 0.108 0.051

San Benito 2.470 0.471 2.292 0.491 2.303 0.462 — — — — — — 2.303 0.462

San Bernardino 7.844 1.531 4.944 0.814 5.762 0.747 7.464 1.145 2.007 0.775 3.063 0.757 4.764 0.559

San Diego 2.747 2.747 3.163 0.804 3.101 0.685 7.631 2.344 3.276 1.759 4.306 1.577 3.536 0.728

San Joaquin 4.630 4.630 0.635 0.220 3.443 0.788 — — — — — — 3.443 0.788
238

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

San Luis Obispo 1.902 1.115 3.213 0.629 3.156 0.607 — — 1.284 0.579 1.284 0.579 2.974 0.556

San Mateo 14.099 4.824 4.212 1.635 11.144 3.674 4.482 1.555 1.700 1.700 3.773 1.329 9.456 2.952

Santa Barbara 2.925 0.443 4.482 0.873 4.338 0.797 2.427 0.820 5.032 2.200 4.380 1.687 4.349 0.732

Santa Clara 6.951 2.012 4.021 0.648 4.411 0.652 — — 2.688 0.556 2.688 0.556 4.005 0.529

Santa Cruz 12.921 3.790 5.009 1.690 12.334 3.527 8.960 1.969 3.532 3.532 8.284 1.838 11.219 2.623

Shasta 8.556 0.508 2.987 0.405 7.091 0.414 10.417 1.753 2.850 0.765 8.353 1.403 7.218 0.398

Sierra 10.692 0.982 7.177 5.891 10.622 1.007 5.218 5.218 — — 5.218 5.218 10.570 1.001

Siskiyou 10.366 0.529 2.825 0.440 9.086 0.461 10.028 1.119 4.030 1.455 9.503 1.049 9.140 0.422

Solano — — 3.908 1.152 3.908 1.152 — — — — — — 3.698 1.096

Sonoma 8.694 0.847 2.230 0.454 6.947 0.704 11.982 3.754 1.207 0.547 6.090 2.624 6.865 0.684

Stanislaus — — 1.370 0.518 1.370 0.518 — — 2.365 1.063 2.365 1.063 1.541 0.477

Sutter — — 1.281 0.317 1.281 0.317 — — — — — — 1.281 0.317

Tehama 11.636 0.909 2.329 0.504 7.065 0.638 7.366 1.986 5.441 3.112 6.590 1.779 7.024 0.603

Trinity 11.854 0.757 4.583 0.976 11.129 0.702 10.895 1.138 2.190 0.610 9.888 1.044 10.779 0.586

Tulare 9.045 1.833 1.669 0.283 4.599 0.847 11.421 1.095 5.859 0.794 9.561 0.801 7.756 0.616

Tuolumne 11.013 0.858 3.978 0.883 9.064 0.723 12.176 1.456 8.174 2.869 11.709 1.337 10.048 0.681

Ventura 0.784 0.228 2.131 0.315 2.041 0.301 2.635 1.455 2.628 0.811 2.631 0.771 2.236 0.325

Yolo — — 0.901 0.278 0.901 0.278 — — — — — — 0.901 0.278

Yuba 11.388 2.052 2.520 0.494 8.320 1.549 — — 0.449 0.028 0.449 0.028 8.016 1.513

All counties 10.657 0.204 2.975 0.111 7.857 0.141 11.928 0.524 4.182 0.292 9.065 0.364 8.073 0.131

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.

a

 Includes down wood with diameters ≥0.1 inch.

Table A2-105—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)
239

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-106—Average biomass per acre of all dead wood (dead trees and down wood)a on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Alameda 9.97 2.73 8.68 2.01 8.78 1.87 — — 1.24 0.27 1.24 0.27 7.38 1.69

Alpine 20.03 5.43 6.23 2.45 14.89 3.72 19.66 3.41 4.43 1.36 15.46 2.75 15.19 2.26

Amador 23.42 5.47 4.33 1.58 16.07 3.77 20.06 4.06 0.17 0 14.61 5.39 15.92 3.44

Butte 16.73 1.95 6.01 1.00 14.03 1.56 — — 8.94 4.33 8.94 4.33 13.91 1.53

Calaveras 17.22 3.00 4.43 0.83 10.44 1.65 21.16 21.16 — — 21.16 21.16 10.59 1.63

Colusa 9.30 2.36 2.91 0.60 4.38 0.86 — — 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 4.27 0.84

Contra Costa — — 1.97 0.22 1.97 0.22 2.83 2.83 1.32 0.58 1.75 0.53 1.87 0.27

Del Norte 25.56 3.16 5.53 1.68 23.69 2.92 38.05 6.17 3.27 3.27 36.55 6.17 25.62 2.68

El Dorado 20.62 1.75 6.38 1.62 18.30 1.54 35.69 16.16 12.26 3.01 27.79 11.12 19.18 1.74

Fresno 20.03 2.82 4.07 1.19 11.26 1.60 20.10 2.01 7.24 1.16 14.98 1.43 13.16 1.07

Glenn 20.16 5.10 4.75 1.36 12.63 2.98 13.16 0 — — 13.16 0 12.65 2.89

Humboldt 32.07 2.42 12.93 4.65 31.00 2.31 63.17 10.18 — — 63.17 10.18 34.55 2.38

Imperial — — 1.21 0.61 1.21 0.61 — — 1.90 1.90 1.90 0 1.26 0.57

Inyo 14.24 2.34 4.00 0.60 4.59 0.67 12.29 4.44 5.72 0.95 6.01 0.95 5.29 0.58

Kern 17.77 3.88 3.35 0.57 6.50 1.08 — — 7.37 2.02 7.37 2.02 6.58 1.00

Lake 14.98 2.47 4.74 1.02 10.28 1.53 2.26 0.13 3.62 0.50 3.11 0.41 9.74 1.43

Lassen 12.52 0.99 3.08 0.51 9.08 0.71 31.77 8.61 — — 31.77 8.61 9.68 0.77

Los Angeles 12.04 3.76 3.10 0.71 5.70 1.40 9.89 6.73 7.50 2.67 8.21 2.72 6.08 1.26

Madera 24.58 4.91 2.72 0.50 11.76 2.32 33.87 7.14 9.64 4.60 29.08 6.01 16.15 2.41

Marin 41.38 8.70 4.58 1.23 19.52 6.71 27.46 9.81 2.75 0.33 18.22 8.27 19.08 5.26

Mariposa 15.21 2.50 3.55 0.55 7.87 1.20 40.52 5.26 15.19 6.15 36.00 4.73 18.30 2.28

Mendocino 17.93 1.01 7.07 1.06 15.58 0.86 34.10 17.56 10.22 2.65 21.08 8.99 15.76 0.88

Merced — — 0.10 0.07 0.10 0.07 — — 0.64 0.06 0.64 0.06 0.22 0.13

Modoc 10.04 1.01 1.84 0.30 6.01 0.59 26.85 9.73 2.30 1.02 20.23 8.17 6.47 0.65

Mono 8.50 1.62 6.39 0.83 6.96 0.75 14.35 6.78 4.74 1.51 7.24 2.38 6.99 0.72

Monterey 16.82 5.95 3.59 0.78 4.67 0.98 12.14 4.55 15.78 5.28 14.90 4.32 7.31 1.41

Napa 11.03 2.47 3.35 0.61 5.99 1.19 — — 2.75 0.43 2.75 0.43 5.85 1.15

Nevada 14.46 2.29 3.67 1.60 12.85 2.01 26.56 26.56 9.62 9.62 13.89 4.36 12.88 1.96

Orange — — 5.24 1.68 5.24 1.68 — — 6.03 2.93 6.03 2.93 5.40 1.43

Placer 19.51 1.91 6.51 1.31 16.93 1.64 17.98 6.33 2.24 0.61 14.32 5.35 16.73 1.57

Plumas 19.87 1.50 6.93 2.99 19.42 1.46 33.25 12.22 — — 33.25 12.22 19.77 1.46

Riverside 2.50 1.01 14.18 10.04 11.47 7.82 14.43 6.29 2.04 0.82 6.46 2.96 8.94 4.18

Sacramento — — 0.11 0.05 0.11 0.05 — — — — — — 0.11 0.05

San Benito 2.47 0.47 2.90 0.64 2.87 0.60 — — — — — — 2.87 0.60

San Bernardino 23.12 4.76 6.91 1.08 11.48 1.83 27.44 8.59 4.36 1.55 8.83 2.61 10.50 1.50

San Diego 24.08 12.36 8.48 2.27 10.83 3.07 45.59 13.93 10.05 5.33 18.46 7.36 13.58 3.40

San Joaquin 4.63 4.63 0.64 0.22 3.44 0.79 — — — — — — 3.44 0.79
240

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-106—Average biomass per acre of all dead wood (dead trees and down wood)a on forest land, by 

county and land status, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

San Luis Obispo 1.90 1.12 4.12 0.75 4.02 0.73 — — 2.08 0.89 2.08 0.89 3.83 0.67

San Mateo 18.42 5.48 4.21 1.64 14.18 4.32 25.29 8.94 5.40 5.40 20.22 7.77 15.56 3.82

Santa Barbara 4.11 1.22 6.47 1.29 6.25 1.18 7.81 4.94 5.46 2.19 6.05 2.08 6.20 1.03

Santa Clara 9.29 2.79 5.72 1.08 6.20 1.04 — — 3.81 0.77 3.81 0.77 5.63 0.83

Santa Cruz 19.38 4.30 5.01 1.69 18.32 4.04 13.01 2.02 3.53 3.53 11.83 2.09 16.53 3.03

Shasta 12.70 0.78 4.50 0.70 10.54 0.63 18.52 3.59 4.62 1.80 14.73 2.86 10.96 0.64

Sierra 21.09 2.18 17.71 4.37 21.02 2.15 5.22 5.22 — — 5.22 5.22 20.87 2.14

Siskiyou 19.55 1.29 4.73 1.08 17.04 1.11 29.28 3.75 6.91 2.19 27.32 3.48 18.37 1.07

Solano — — 4.63 1.71 4.63 1.71 — — — — — — 4.38 1.62

Sonoma 12.72 1.22 3.02 0.61 10.10 1.02 38.90 16.23 5.97 3.35 20.89 9.63 11.13 1.36

Stanislaus — — 1.84 0.61 1.84 0.61 — — 3.53 0.69 3.53 0.69 2.13 0.55

Sutter — — 1.28 0.32 1.28 0.32 — — — — — — 1.28 0.32

Tehama 20.90 2.26 4.13 1.11 12.67 1.43 18.91 5.64 8.38 3.69 14.66 4.03 12.84 1.35

Trinity 20.77 1.24 8.44 1.83 19.54 1.16 30.72 3.49 3.23 0.94 27.54 3.21 21.80 1.24

Tulare 23.84 5.50 3.51 0.63 11.58 2.47 28.08 2.61 11.95 1.52 22.68 1.91 18.65 1.55

Tuolumne 21.55 2.46 5.92 1.13 17.22 1.91 35.07 5.51 10.54 4.23 32.21 4.99 22.80 2.28

Ventura 0.78 0.23 3.05 0.45 2.89 0.43 15.78 9.98 4.98 2.00 9.51 4.57 5.07 1.59

Yolo — — 1.93 0.85 1.93 0.85 — — — — — — 1.93 0.85

Yuba 17.76 4.21 3.48 0.68 12.82 3.03 — — 0.45 0.03 0.45 0.03 12.34 2.94

All counties 19.19 0.41 4.47 0.17 13.83 0.27 29.68 1.26 7.25 0.50 21.39 0.87 15.18 0.27

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.

a

 Includes dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height and down wood ≥0.1 inch diameter at the transect intersection. 
241

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-107—Volume of live trees, dead trees,a and down wood on forest land, by stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Live trees (1) Dead trees (1) Down wood (2)

Stand age class Total SE Total SE Total SE All volume

Million cubic feet

Classes in years:

1–20 857.2 92.9 1,393.4 372.0 1,623.5 145.8 3,874.2

21–40 5,404.3 386.0 1,314.9 295.8 2,751.6 254.0 9,470.8

41–60 12,244.2 609.4 2,210.2 411.6 3,969.3 296.7 18,423.7

61–80 19,249.8 793.6 2,102.3 148.3 4,946.6 251.9 26,298.7

81–100 20,455.8 857.5 2,843.9 237.8 4,809.1 236.0 28,108.9

101–120 9,373.8 621.9 1,338.2 130.0 2,389.5 184.0 13,101.4

121–140 7,805.8 629.7 1,066.3 114.2 1,790.5 160.7 10,662.6

141–160 8,468.3 626.6 1,450.1 136.0 2,111.1 189.9 12,029.6

161–180 4,500.0 500.3 890.2 127.9 1,194.5 145.2 6,584.8

181–200 5,346.3 551.6 950.3 107.4 1,528.5 158.9 7,825.2

201+ 18,276.4 1,268.7 2,964.6 220.2 4,024.6 273.4 25,265.6

Unknown 6,540.0 320.0 1,243.1 156.6 1,653.5 111.6 9,436.6

All classes 118,522.0 1,589.8 19,767.5 728.6 32,792.5 573.5 171,082.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error; SE = standard error.

a Live and dead tree volume is aboveground volume of the tree from ground to tip (live trees) and to actual height (dead trees), including stem 

volume and stem bark. 
242

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-108—Biomass of live trees, dead treesa, and down wood on forest land, by stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Live trees Dead trees Down wood

Stand age class Total SE Total SE Total SE All biomass

Thousand tons

Classes in years:

1–20 16,740.0 1,745.8 13,300.5 2,883.4 14,032.8 1,222.1 44,073.3

21–40 99,617.8 6,976.7 9,335.9 1,666.6 21,003.4 1,830.8 129,957.1

41–60 228,991.6 11,158.4 17,040.8 2,309.4 32,613.9 2,300.2 278,646.3

61–80 367,311.9 14,969.4 25,242.5 1,663.9 41,204.5 2,019.7 433,758.9

81–100 385,460.2 16,013.8 33,952.8 2,360.7 39,510.0 1,894.3 458,923.0

101–120 176,508.3 11,599.0 17,634.1 1,830.9 18,805.1 1,436.0 212,947.5

121–140 145,519.5 11,736.4 14,573.2 1,607.9 14,187.1 1,257.1 174,279.8

141–160 159,612.1 11,738.8 18,972.5 1,886.2 15,969.7 1,397.9 194,554.3

161–180 84,164.1 9,333.4 12,188.9 1,840.0 9,063.6 1,112.1 105,416.6

181–200 100,301.7 10,400.3 12,912.6 1,552.2 11,844.1 1,217.6 125,058.4

201+ 338,255.1 23,479.0 39,734.5 3,070.7 30,004.1 1,965.7 407,993.7

Unknown 133,796.2 6,588.1 18,235.3 2,566.3 16,682.8 1,013.5 168,714.3

All classes 2,236,278.5 29,466.8 233,123.5 6,574.5 264,921.3 4,358.2 2,734,323.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error; SE = standard error.

a Live and dead tree biomass is total aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip (live trees) and to actual height (dead trees), including stem 

wood, bark, and branches. 
243

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2–109—Carbon mass of live trees, dead treesa, and down wood on forest land, by stand age class, 

California, 2001–2010

Live trees Dead trees Down wood

Stand age class Total SE Total SE Total SE

All carbon 

mass

Thousand megagrams

Classes in years:

1–20 7,593.2 791.9 6,033.1 1,307.9 6,487.3 565.4 20,113.6

21–40 45,186.6 3,164.6 4,234.8 756.0 9,737.2 853.5 59,158.6

41–60 103,870.6 5,061.5 7,729.7 1,047.5 15,111.2 1,077.2 126,711.5

61–80 166,612.7 6,790.1 11,450.0 754.7 19,004.6 934.0 197,067.3

81–100 174,844.7 7,263.9 15,401.0 1,070.8 18,241.5 875.8 208,487.2

101–120 80,064.2 5,261.3 7,998.8 830.5 8,706.8 666.1 96,769.8

121–140 66,007.7 5,323.7 6,610.4 729.4 6,564.2 581.9 79,182.3

141–160 72,400.0 5,324.7 8,605.9 855.6 7,406.9 650.4 88,412.8

161–180 38,176.8 4,233.6 5,528.9 834.6 4,215.6 518.1 47,921.3

181–200 45,496.8 4,717.6 5,857.2 704.1 5,521.1 568.6 56,875.1

201+ 153,432.5 10,650.1 18,023.6 1,392.9 13,980.4 917.4 185,436.5

Unknown 60,690.0 2,988.4 8,271.5 1,164.1 7,645.3 468.7 76,606.8

All classes 1,014,375.9 13,366.1 105,744.8 2,982.2 122,622.1 2,031.9 1,242,742.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error; SE = standard error.

a Live and dead tree carbon mass is total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip (live trees) and to actual height (dead trees), including 

stem wood, bark, and branches. 
244

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-110—Average volume per acre of live trees, dead treesa, and down wood on forest land, by stand 

age class, California, 2001–2010

Live trees Dead trees Down wood

Stand age class Total SE Total SE Total SE All volume

Cubic feet per acre

Classes in years:

1–20 575.05 53.20 934.79 242.58 1,089.13 75.56 2,599.0

21–40 2,601.99 133.51 633.08 138.75 1,324.80 102.67 4,559.9

41–60 3,144.58 112.54 567.63 103.79 1,019.41 67.63 4,731.6

61–80 3,368.60 98.49 367.90 23.68 865.62 36.36 4,602.1

81–100 3,910.59 113.86 543.68 42.19 919.38 35.39 5,373.7

101–120 4,418.56 190.72 630.78 52.36 1,126.36 65.05 6,175.7

121–140 5,306.41 277.87 724.89 63.59 1,217.16 79.17 7,248.5

141–160 5,004.17 236.18 856.93 64.08 1,247.53 86.59 7,108.6

161–180 5,349.23 396.14 1,058.18 124.19 1,419.94 126.01 7,827.4

181–200 5,683.27 384.12 1,010.17 85.01 1,624.88 112.49 8,318.3

201+ 7,184.45 389.69 1,165.37 70.54 1,582.09 82.57 9,931.9

Unknown 1,363.01 52.75 259.07 31.35 344.62 20.46 1,966.7

All classes 3,611.77 47.91 602.38 22.18 999.30 17.32 70,443.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; the average was calculated using a ratio of means 

formula across plots.

a

 Live and dead tree volume is aboveground volume of the tree from ground to tip (live trees) and to actual height (dead trees), including stem volume and 

stem bark. 
245

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-111—Average biomass per acre of live trees, dead treesa, and down wood on forest land, by stand 

age class, California, 2001–2010

Live trees Dead trees Down wood

Stand age class Total SE Total SE Total SE All biomass

Tons per acre

Classes in years:

1–20 11.23 0.99 8.92 1.85 9.41 0.62 29.6

21–40 47.96 2.37 4.49 0.77 10.11 0.72 62.6

41–60 58.81 2.01 4.38 0.57 8.38 0.52 71.6

61–80 64.28 1.84 4.42 0.26 7.21 0.29 75.9

81–100 73.69 2.11 6.49 0.41 7.55 0.28 87.7

101–120 83.20 3.52 8.31 0.76 8.86 0.50 100.4

121–140 98.92 5.18 9.91 0.91 9.64 0.61 118.5

141–160 94.32 4.39 11.21 0.92 9.44 0.62 115.0

161–180 100.05 7.38 14.49 1.82 10.77 0.97 125.3

181–200 106.62 7.27 13.73 1.29 12.59 0.85 132.9

201+ 132.97 7.20 15.62 1.00 11.79 0.58 160.4

Unknown 27.88 1.10 3.80 0.52 3.48 0.18 35.2

All classes 68.15 0.89 7.10 0.20 8.07 0.13 83.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; the average was calculated using a ratio of means 

formula across plots.

a Live and dead tree biomass is total aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip (live trees) and to actual height (dead trees), including stem 

wood, bark, and branches. 
246

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-112—Average carbon mass per hectare of live trees, dead treesa, and down wood on forest land, by 

stand age class, California, 2001–2010

Live trees Dead trees Down wood

Stand age class Total SE Total SE Total SE

All carbon 

mass

Kilograms per hectare

Classes in years:

1–20 12,587.34 1,104.74 10,001.10 2,075.11 10,753.96 704.78 33,342.4

21–40 53,759.57 2,653.03 5,038.20 861.89 11,584.58 832.12 70,382.4

41–60 65,918.66 2,257.66 4,905.44 640.45 9,589.89 598.11 80,414.0

61–80 72,046.42 2,058.81 4,951.19 293.87 8,217.96 327.56 85,215.6

81–100 82,596.02 2,361.42 7,275.38 454.81 8,617.24 319.65 98,488.6

101–120 93,258.15 3,942.82 9,316.98 847.33 10,141.57 576.41 112,716.7

121–140 110,881.17 5,805.92 11,104.28 1,015.77 11,026.71 700.53 133,012.2

141–160 105,719.52 4,915.28 12,566.49 1,027.82 10,815.68 719.20 129,101.7

161–180 112,138.67 8,273.07 16,240.31 2,045.03 12,382.70 1,123.44 140,761.7

181–200 119,510.33 8,147.28 15,385.46 1,441.26 14,502.63 980.76 149,398.4

201+ 149,039.81 8,070.74 17,507.55 1,124.29 13,580.17 666.84 180,127.5

Unknown 31,255.14 1,229.46 4,259.81 580.46 3,937.33 206.39 39,452.3

All classes 76,383.85 993.75 7,962.73 224.49 9,233.61 150.63 93,580.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; the average was calculated using a ratio of means 

formula across plots.

a

 Live and dead tree carbon mass is total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip (live trees) and to actual height (dead trees), including 

stem wood, bark, and branches. 
247

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-113—Area of forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Angeles 61.4 18.1 116.3 24.6 177.8 29.9 17.3 9.9 13.9 9.1 31.2 13.4 209.0 32.2

Cleveland 6.5 6.3 6.5 3.3 12.9 7.1 — — — — — — 12.9 7.1

Eldorado 470.0 48.9 11.4 8.4 481.4 49.5 53.7 17.7 32.9 14.3 86.6 22.7 568.0 53.9

Inyo 179.8 31.8 475.7 46.1 655.6 54.4 161.1 30.4 182.7 31.9 343.8 43.0 999.3 62.3

Klamath 1,049.5 69.9 140.8 28.5 1,190.3 74.0 312.9 41.7 21.5 9.8 334.4 42.9 1,524.7 79.9

Lake Tahoe Basin 55.7 18.0 25.4 12.1 81.1 21.6 19.5 11.0 12.2 7.6 31.7 13.1 112.8 24.9Lassen 845.7 66.0 105.3 24.3 951.0 70.0 45.2 15.7 15.5 9.2 60.6 18.2 1,011.6 71.7

Los Padres 49.7 16.4 339.7 37.3 389.4 40.9 88.6 22.2 223.4 33.6 312.0 39.3 701.5 50.7

Mendocino 422.6 47.4 193.5 32.7 616.1 54.9 95.4 23.5 35.3 14.6 130.7 27.8 746.8 60.5

Modoc 627.2 55.9 559.4 48.7 1,186.6 70.0 33.1 13.8 12.2 8.6 45.4 16.2 1,231.9 71.0

Plumas 1,058.3 67.4 58.2 17.9 1,116.5 69.4 11.7 8.5 — — 11.7 8.5 1,128.2 69.5

Rogue River 10.9 7.8 6.2 6.3 17.1 10.0 19.7 11.1 — — 19.7 11.1 36.8 14.9San Bernardino 87.7 22.8 110.5 24.8 198.2 33.0 44.1 16.3 30.0 13.4 74.2 21.0 272.4 38.1Sequoia 257.9 38.1 126.1 26.2 384.0 45.9 404.0 46.7 169.3 30.8 573.4 55.0 957.4 67.5

Shasta-Trinity 1,301.3 77.7 108.5 24.3 1,409.8 80.3 513.0 52.4 94.6 23.1 607.6 56.7 2,017.4 88.4

Sierra 491.2 49.1 168.3 30.0 659.5 56.5 271.5 38.3 171.8 30.9 443.3 48.2 1,102.8 68.0

Siskyou 8.2 6.4 — — 8.2 6.4 6.3 6.2 — — 6.3 6.2 14.5 8.9

Six Rivers 773.5 52.9 88.7 22.9 862.2 55.0 78.6 19.8 15.0 8.8 93.6 21.7 955.8 52.8

Stanislaus 507.3 50.5 69.8 19.6 577.1 53.3 147.2 28.9 19.3 10.0 166.5 30.4 743.6 59.4

Tahoe 736.0 58.1 27.3 12.5 763.3 59.0 24.2 12.2 6.7 6.4 30.9 13.7 794.2 59.9

Toiyabe 140.0 28.0 208.3 33.4 348.3 43.7 43.4 16.0 52.9 16.9 96.3 23.1 444.6 48.7

All national forests 9,140.5 138.6 2,945.9 109.7 12,086.4 146.4 2,390.7 105.7 1,109.4 75.5 3,500.0 124.3 15,586.4 110.4

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 acres was estimated.
248

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-114—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Angeles 92.3 37.8 89.0 27.1 181.2 46.1 32.1 25.3 5.3 3.2 37.4 25.5 218.7 52.4 Cleveland 0.6 0.6 4.0 2.4 4.6 2.5 — — — — — — 4.6 2.5 Eldorado 2,657.3 330.9 23.7 18.1 2,680.9 330.9 186.5 68.5 40.7 20.7 227.1 71.5 2,908.0 337.3 Inyo 395.5 92.5 358.8 60.5 754.3 108.5 545.6 136.0 176.2 41.7 721.7 140.7 1,476.0 171.1 Klamath 4,935.0 437.3 160.9 62.4 5,095.9 440.4 1,558.0 281.4 21.6 16.7 1,579.6 282.4 6,675.5 496.7 Lake Tahoe Basin 211.1 78.3 60.5 40.0 271.6 87.6 148.8 132.3 17.0 11.5 165.8 132.8 437.4 157.9

Lassen 3,119.5 320.1 65.7 21.7 3,185.2 320.4 165.5 66.4 14.7 10.7 180.3 67.3 3,365.5 325.8

Los Padres 120.5 49.9 226.3 40.7 346.8 65.3 293.3 175.2 264.7 84.9 558.0 198.0 904.8 206.4

Mendocino 1,618.0 227.7 305.3 79.2 1,923.3 237.6 435.7 132.1 32.0 19.1 467.7 133.5 2,391.0 272.0Modoc 1,259.2 164.4 193.4 30.3 1,452.6 166.5 134.8 71.5 8.1 6.5 142.9 71.8 1,595.5 180.2

Plumas 4,699.5 406.2 55.4 25.4 4,754.8 407.0 134.5 98.8 — — 134.5 98.8 4,889.3 414.3

Rogue River 39.3 38.8 3.4 3.4 42.7 38.9 162.0 102.6 — — 162.0 102.6 204.6 109.7

San Bernardino 208.3 67.3 85.8 25.9 294.1 71.5 82.7 36.1 36.0 20.6 118.7 41.4 412.8 81.2

Sequoia 741.0 146.3 61.8 24.3 802.7 148.2 1,966.4 299.2 187.1 56.5 2,153.6 303.5 2,956.3 325.4

Shasta-Trinity 5,870.1 450.1 122.5 37.7 5,992.6 450.7 2,514.9 305.4 157.4 56.8 2,672.4 309.5 8,664.9 504.5

Sierra 2,763.0 328.0 239.3 60.5 3,002.3 330.9 1,575.8 274.8 233.8 65.1 1,809.7 280.3 4,812.0 400.7

Siskyou 47.0 42.8 — — 47.0 42.8 51.0 50.5 — — 51.0 50.5 98.0 66.2

Six Rivers 4,750.2 454.4 155.7 59.5 4,906.0 454.5 626.7 186.4 10.8 7.4 637.5 186.5 5,543.4 451.0

Stanislaus 2,228.4 299.4 105.1 49.8 2,333.5 302.1 689.2 157.7 28.3 17.7 717.5 158.6 3,051.0 332.6

Tahoe 3,108.4 338.9 71.7 43.0 3,180.1 340.2 63.3 37.3 3.3 3.2 66.6 37.4 3,246.7 341.8

Toiyabe 267.4 66.6 243.1 65.4 510.5 93.1 111.9 45.8 68.2 28.5 180.1 53.8 690.6 106.4

All national forests 39,131.5 933.0 2,631.2 190.6 41,762.6 926.4 11,478.6 683.2 1,305.4 148.5 12,784.0 693.9 54,546.7 932.6

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
249

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-115—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Angeles 2,528.2 1,028.5 3,126.4 885.6 5,654.6 1,346.1 1,017.8 746.8 360.7 273.5 1,378.5 795.1 7,033.1 1,546.4

Cleveland 28.7 27.9 256.9 147.9 285.5 150.4 — — — — — — 285.5 150.4

Eldorado 54,941.9 6,757.4 712.9 605.9 55,654.8 6,768.1 3,710.5 1,345.2 933.3 471.1 4,643.9 1,423.4 60,298.7 6,889.5

Inyo 7,304.1 1,798.7 5,897.8 1,022.4 13,201.9 2,038.8 9,762.6 2,452.3 3,576.5 802.9 13,339.1 2,548.9 26,541.0 3,152.5

Klamath 107,244.8 9,219.3 4,644.7 1,635.6 111,889.5 9,318.3 33,216.5 5,906.8 542.8 378.5 33,759.2 5,935.0 145,648.7 10,466.7

Lake Tahoe Basin 4,411.4 1,655.1 1,108.1 730.5 5,519.4 1,803.2 2,840.6 2,539.8 348.3 255.8 3,188.9 2,552.5 8,708.3 3,100.1

Lassen 65,648.5 6,637.4 1,698.4 582.5 67,346.9 6,649.4 3,401.1 1,401.6 510.1 379.7 3,911.3 1,451.9 71,258.2 6,772.1

Los Padres 3,150.9 1,358.7 6,716.1 1,117.0 9,867.1 1,784.1 6,313.8 3,683.6 9,142.0 2,367.8 15,455.8 4,459.0 25,322.8 4,697.0

Mendocino 36,388.5 4,991.5 9,560.7 2,419.1 45,949.2 5,442.5 9,078.5 2,672.5 1,219.3 714.4 10,297.9 2,765.5 56,247.1 6,088.1

Modoc 26,380.5 3,479.9 5,493.5 737.6 31,873.9 3,542.3 2,971.0 1,567.7 205.0 152.4 3,176.0 1,574.8 35,049.9 3,850.5

Plumas 99,564.3 8,423.6 1,529.6 740.0 101,093.9 8,453.2 2,666.3 1,956.3 — — 2,666.3 1,956.3 103,760.2 8,584.9

Rogue River 1,001.8 988.5 136.3 137.9 1,138.1 998.1 3,300.9 2,096.8 — — 3,300.9 2,096.8 4,438.9 2,319.3

San Bernardino 4,731.9 1,506.5 2,703.9 817.6 7,435.8 1,699.1 2,179.4 950.2 606.3 343.6 2,785.8 1,007.1 10,221.6 1,942.0

Sequoia 15,387.1 3,078.2 1,668.4 666.0 17,055.5 3,147.5 40,563.2 6,147.8 4,584.9 1,564.4 45,148.1 6,309.1 62,203.6 6,788.8Shasta-Trinity 126,807.1 9,484.4 3,742.2 1,113.6 130,549.3 9,513.9 53,740.0 6,373.2 4,563.8 1,643.4 58,303.7 6,547.8 188,853.0 10,609.0Sierra 56,426.0 6,607.9 7,602.4 1,892.4 64,028.4 6,797.3 29,568.9 5,284.7 4,623.4 1,176.4 34,192.3 5,380.3 98,220.7 8,017.0

Siskyou 908.8 816.0 — — 908.8 816.0 981.1 970.6 — — 981.1 970.6 1,889.8 1,268.0

Six Rivers 107,532.8 9,667.8 4,233.8 1,509.8 111,766.6 9,677.2 13,338.5 3,862.0 413.1 285.6 13,751.6 3,872.5 125,518.1 9,544.2Stanislaus 46,949.6 6,293.3 2,715.0 1,077.2 49,664.7 6,345.4 13,529.3 3,078.4 498.0 305.5 14,027.3 3,090.8 63,691.9 6,891.0

Tahoe 65,477.6 6,962.7 2,132.7 1,281.3 67,610.3 7,037.0 1,457.5 857.7 84.9 80.9 1,542.3 860.7 69,152.6 7,078.7

Toiyabe 5,667.9 1,407.7 4,428.3 1,197.8 10,096.2 1,844.4 2,306.7 949.1 1,302.5 539.5 3,609.1 1,087.6 13,705.3 2,117.0

All national 

forests 838,482.2 19,323.0 70,108.1 4,970.9 908,590.4 19,185.3 235,943.9 13,930.2 33,515.0 3,779.1 269,458.9 14,316.3 1,178,049.2 19,040.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
250

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-116—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams Angeles 1,146.8 466.5 1,418.1 401.7 2,564.9 610.6 461.7 338.7 163.6 124.1 625.3 360.7 3,190.2 701.4 Cleveland 13.0 12.7 116.5 67.1 129.5 68.2 — — — — — — 129.5 68.2 Eldorado 24,921.6 3,065.2 323.4 274.8 25,245.0 3,070.0 1,683.1 610.2 423.4 213.7 2,106.5 645.7 27,351.5 3,125.1 Inyo 3,313.1 815.9 2,675.2 463.8 5,988.4 924.8 4,428.3 1,112.3 1,622.3 364.2 6,050.6 1,156.2 12,039.0 1,430.0 Klamath 48,646.3 4,181.9 2,106.8 741.9 50,753.1 4,226.8 15,067.0 2,679.3 246.2 171.7 15,313.2 2,692.1 66,066.3 4,747.7 Lake Tahoe Basin 2,001.0 750.8 502.6 331.4 2,503.6 817.9 1,288.5 1,152.0 158.0 116.0 1,446.5 1,157.8 3,950.1 1,406.2

Lassen 29,778.2 3,010.7 770.4 264.2 30,548.6 3,016.2 1,542.7 635.8 231.4 172.2 1,774.1 658.6 32,322.7 3,071.8

Los Padres 1,429.3 616.3 3,046.4 506.7 4,475.7 809.3 2,863.9 1,670.9 4,146.8 1,074.0 7,010.7 2,022.6 11,486.4 2,130.6

Mendocino 16,505.8 2,264.1 4,336.7 1,097.3 20,842.6 2,468.7 4,118.0 1,212.2 553.1 324.1 4,671.1 1,254.4 25,513.7 2,761.6

Modoc 11,966.2 1,578.5 2,491.8 334.6 14,458.0 1,606.8 1,347.6 711.1 93.0 69.1 1,440.6 714.3 15,898.7 1,746.6

Plumas 45,162.4 3,820.9 693.8 335.6 45,856.2 3,834.4 1,209.4 887.4 — — 1,209.4 887.4 47,065.6 3,894.1

Rogue River 454.4 448.4 61.8 62.5 516.2 452.7 1,497.3 951.1 — — 1,497.3 951.1 2,013.5 1,052.0

San Bernardino 2,146.4 683.4 1,226.5 370.8 3,372.9 770.7 988.6 431.0 275.0 155.8 1,263.6 456.8 4,636.5 880.9

Sequoia 6,979.6 1,396.3 756.8 302.1 7,736.4 1,427.7 18,399.5 2,788.6 2,079.7 709.6 20,479.2 2,861.8 28,215.5 3,079.4

Shasta-Trinity 57,519.7 4,302.1 1,697.5 505.1 59,217.2 4,315.5 24,376.4 2,890.9 2,070.1 745.5 26,446.6 2,970.1 85,663.7 4,812.3

Sierra 25,594.8 2,997.3 3,448.4 858.4 29,043.3 3,083.2 13,412.5 2,397.1 2,097.2 533.6 15,509.6 2,440.5 44,552.9 3,636.5

Siskyou 412.2 370.1 — — 412.2 370.1 445.0 440.2 — — 445.0 440.2 857.2 575.2

Six Rivers 48,776.9 4,385.3 1,920.5 684.8 50,697.3 4,389.6 6,050.4 1,751.8 187.4 129.5 6,237.7 1,756.6 56,935.0 4,329.2Stanislaus 21,296.3 2,854.7 1,231.5 488.6 22,527.9 2,878.3 6,136.9 1,396.4 225.9 138.6 6,362.8 1,402.0 28,890.7 3,125.7

Tahoe 29,700.6 3,158.3 967.4 581.2 30,668.0 3,192.0 661.1 389.0 38.5 36.7 699.6 390.4 31,367.6 3,210.9

Toiyabe 2,571.0 638.5 2,008.7 543.3 4,579.6 836.6 1,046.3 430.5 590.8 244.7 1,637.1 493.4 6,216.7 960.3

All national forests 380,335.5 8,764.9 31,801.0 2,254.8 412,136.6 8,702.5 107,024.2 6,318.8 15,202.4 1,714.2 122,226.5 6,493.9 534,363.1 8,636.6

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 megagrams was estimated.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
251

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-117—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by national forest and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb

0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Angeles 12.4 2.8 78.6 17.9 231.4 62.9 128.7 33.8 183.2 59.0 227.9 75.9 862.3 192.6

Cleveland 0.8 0.5 5.8 3.5 8.9 8.7 3.8 2.6 4.8 4.7 — — 24.1 17.7

Eldorado 48.3 9.5 524.6 239.7 915.2 129.9 841.4 112.9 1,706.1 230.3 2,963.0 508.5 6,998.5 911.9

Inyo 37.7 4.0 229.4 24.4 661.5 83.7 547.8 62.4 1,550.2 202.9 2,388.3 379.1 5,414.9 597.5Klamath 173.7 15.1 1,095.4 118.3 3,027.9 301.3 2,069.2 165.2 4,070.4 339.8 6,377.5 707.4 16,814.1 1,302.5Lake Tahoe Basin 9.1 2.7 48.1 14.0 144.6 53.4 113.1 35.9 263.6 85.2 522.2 255.8 1,100.7 397.0

Lassen 67.4 7.0 539.6 54.9 1,505.7 150.9 1,224.0 133.1 2,041.6 230.8 4,164.3 583.2 9,542.5 947.7

Los Padres 53.8 6.3 327.7 37.5 836.2 108.4 402.7 56.9 586.6 126.7 812.2 311.4 3,019.1 493.5

Mendocino 81.1 9.7 529.7 69.9 1,278.3 185.7 829.5 110.5 1,337.2 188.2 2,090.0 382.3 6,145.7 750.4

Modoc 34.9 3.8 351.3 32.0 1,030.2 103.9 821.3 100.5 1,535.1 193.0 1,778.7 323.3 5,551.4 591.0

Plumas 88.6 7.9 603.2 52.8 1,816.7 167.1 1,587.1 152.6 2,623.8 251.7 3,171.4 450.2 9,890.7 849.6

Rogue River 4.2 1.9 19.0 8.6 54.3 23.5 47.5 25.8 59.9 28.6 17.7 18.4 202.6 91.7

San Bernardino 12.2 2.6 127.3 27.0 321.5 66.1 229.9 48.6 505.1 109.9 912.5 278.0 2,108.5 448.6

Sequoia 54.2 5.7 448.8 44.4 1,258.6 147.2 734.7 87.6 1,596.6 254.3 3,087.2 519.7 7,180.1 841.3

Shasta-Trinity 183.9 11.8 1,139.7 69.3 3,500.9 237.0 2,254.6 155.4 3,875.0 301.4 8,110.8 838.1 19,064.9 1,280.6

Sierra 73.8 7.0 455.1 42.2 1,342.0 164.6 900.7 97.4 1,911.5 199.6 5,451.9 680.7 10,135.0 996.6

Siskyou 1.8 1.3 11.3 8.3 23.4 16.4 39.6 25.1 70.8 47.2 176.9 173.0 323.8 230.7

Six Rivers 150.5 16.6 1,027.7 358.9 2,078.4 305.2 1,393.4 171.3 2,238.7 261.4 4,447.9 707.5 11,336.6 1,201.2Stanislaus 48.1 6.0 356.3 40.5 1,137.0 136.0 932.2 113.8 1,751.5 211.6 3,114.1 480.6 7,339.2 800.1Tahoe 67.3 7.4 459.1 44.5 1,199.7 127.3 975.8 107.3 1,798.4 226.6 2,955.6 592.6 7,455.9 887.9

Toiyabe 22.7 3.9 145.2 32.3 485.0 186.4 333.8 59.6 553.4 103.7 1,093.4 336.6 2,633.6 530.4

All national forests 1,226.6 29.0 8,522.8 457.9 22,857.6 603.3 16,410.8 376.4 30,263.2 748.0 53,863.3 1,917.6 133,144.3 2,748.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inch above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
252

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-118—Average net volume per acre of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land National forest Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Cubic feet per acre Angeles 1,502.07 419.44 764.63 165.16 1,019.46 191.45 1,855.17 921.05 384.94 49.11 1,200.28 619.19 1,046.46 187.50 Cleveland 91.59 91.59 615.66 166.43 353.42 170.65 — — — — — — 353.42 170.65 Eldorado 5,653.78 404.42 2,080.36 440.05 5,569.35 399.82 3,470.84 666.09 1,235.89 323.85 2,621.94 508.03 5,119.86 363.46 Inyo 2,199.39 335.54 754.13 99.19 1,150.60 129.40 3,386.14 559.28 964.41 153.41 2,099.42 314.72 1,477.00 139.51 Klamath 4,702.31 280.63 1,142.46 378.73 4,281.17 262.39 4,978.56 610.14 1,006.32 557.39 4,723.18 579.25 4,378.12 239.09 Lake Tahoe Basin 3,789.45 698.56 2,379.82 1,136.87 3,347.78 625.89 7,639.43 5,312.08 1,395.25 361.92 5,234.60 3,469.50 3,877.72 1,099.35

Lassen 3,688.61 249.66 623.98 147.72 3,349.34 233.86 3,665.59 749.89 952.12 490.90 2,973.32 681.39 3,326.80 223.36

Los Padres 2,421.71 575.49 666.34 91.60 890.56 129.92 3,309.45 1,806.52 1,184.86 348.77 1,788.21 593.00 1,289.87 275.43

Mendocino 3,828.54 335.93 1,577.87 309.69 3,121.74 267.65 4,567.76 781.81 905.58 389.54 3,577.83 680.85 3,201.56 249.83

Modoc 2,007.74 192.13 345.69 46.04 1,224.21 115.49 4,068.82 1,304.52 658.91 255.00 3,148.73 1,104.28 1,295.11 120.38

Plumas 4,440.44 272.56 951.33 339.97 4,258.54 264.48 11,539.11 803.73 — — 11,539.11 803.73 4,333.74 266.91

Rogue River 3,611.63 2,187.57 546.47 546.47 2,498.46 1,691.31 8,202.12 2,473.82 — — 8,202.12 2,473.82 5,556.52 1,906.41

San Bernardino 2,373.91 458.20 776.97 156.60 1,483.89 260.40 1,873.69 435.82 1,198.28 387.86 1,600.15 314.35 1,515.56 207.94

Sequoia 2,873.18 379.05 489.72 173.58 2,090.34 294.39 4,867.16 488.41 1,105.03 266.37 3,756.05 391.07 3,087.91 266.16

Shasta-Trinity 4,510.92 222.90 1,128.81 236.01 4,250.67 212.83 4,902.03 331.58 1,664.57 422.88 4,398.09 302.73 4,295.07 171.69

Sierra 5,625.22 395.95 1,421.87 244.20 4,552.49 337.41 5,804.59 593.45 1,360.91 276.71 4,082.24 444.71 4,363.45 263.66Siskyou 5,698.68 2,687.59 — — 5,698.68 2,687.59 8,129.94 8,129.94 — — 8,129.94 8,129.94 6,750.06 1,693.28

Six Rivers 6,141.35 406.28 1,755.82 502.69 5,690.22 382.61 7,975.68 1,338.48 718.51 298.01 6,810.93 1,277.08 5,799.97 359.54

Stanislaus 4,392.81 407.87 1,504.64 573.36 4,043.37 373.62 4,680.71 555.88 1,467.73 402.30 4,308.43 522.99 4,102.73 310.77

Tahoe 4,223.36 322.84 2,626.01 1,133.67 4,166.19 313.99 2,616.66 815.94 494.32 494.32 2,153.89 747.67 4,087.86 304.34

Toiyabe 1,911.01 284.92 1,166.86 245.51 1,465.88 190.13 2,574.90 397.52 1,289.62 324.20 1,869.39 297.64 1,553.29 163.25

All national forests 4,281.13 84.96 893.16 53.98 3,455.35 68.34 4,801.46 197.76 1,176.71 107.41 3,652.57 151.98 3,499.64 59.65

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
253

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-119—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Angeles 41.16 11.17 26.87 5.36 31.81 5.39 58.82 23.68 25.96 9.23 44.18 15.81 33.66 5.24

Cleveland 4.43 4.43 39.73 6.32 22.06 10.58 — — — — — — 22.06 10.58Eldorado 116.90 8.04 62.69 26.65 115.62 7.93 69.07 12.57 28.37 7.19 53.61 9.59 106.16 7.23

Inyo 40.62 6.92 12.40 1.69 20.14 2.52 60.59 10.16 19.58 2.72 38.80 5.61 26.56 2.59

Klamath 102.19 5.70 32.98 9.52 94.00 5.34 106.14 12.50 25.24 12.08 100.94 11.91 95.52 4.88

Lake Tahoe Basin 79.19 15.16 43.60 20.46 68.04 13.05 145.81 102.32 28.55 11.04 100.65 66.68 77.20 21.32Lassen 77.63 5.06 16.13 4.05 70.82 4.75 75.31 16.45 32.98 17.27 64.51 14.35 70.44 4.54

Los Padres 63.34 17.15 19.77 2.38 25.34 3.50 71.25 37.79 40.92 9.13 49.53 12.93 36.10 6.10

Mendocino 86.10 7.08 49.41 9.27 74.58 5.85 95.18 14.90 34.51 14.26 78.78 12.96 75.32 5.30

Modoc 42.06 4.10 9.82 1.04 26.86 2.43 89.66 28.74 16.74 3.77 69.98 24.07 28.45 2.55

Plumas 94.08 5.53 26.28 10.37 90.54 5.38 228.79 13.08 — — 228.79 13.08 91.97 5.41

Rogue River 92.09 55.73 21.97 21.97 66.62 41.83 167.17 50.97 — — 167.17 50.97 120.53 38.79

San Bernardino 53.94 9.98 24.48 5.19 37.52 5.91 49.37 11.48 20.18 6.38 37.55 8.28 37.53 4.85

Sequoia 59.67 8.12 13.23 4.85 44.41 6.30 100.40 10.00 27.08 7.89 78.74 8.10 64.97 5.55Shasta-Trinity 97.45 4.52 34.50 6.77 92.60 4.31 104.75 6.54 48.25 12.25 95.95 6.04 93.61 3.47

Sierra 114.88 7.72 45.17 7.65 97.09 6.55 108.92 11.90 26.91 4.56 77.13 8.64 89.07 5.15

Siskyou 110.29 48.92 — — 110.29 48.92 156.27 156.27 — — 156.27 156.27 130.18 31.06

Six Rivers 139.02 8.09 47.74 12.00 129.63 7.65 169.76 25.97 27.50 11.89 146.93 24.92 131.33 7.18

Stanislaus 92.55 8.53 38.88 10.92 86.06 7.74 91.88 10.44 25.81 6.61 84.23 9.95 85.65 6.37

Tahoe 88.97 6.45 78.06 32.72 88.57 6.30 60.29 18.55 12.59 0 49.89 16.94 87.07 6.11

Toiyabe 40.50 6.04 21.26 4.49 28.99 3.75 53.09 8.50 24.64 6.08 37.47 6.18 30.83 3.25

All national forests 91.73 1.73 23.80 1.40 75.17 1.40 98.69 3.97 30.21 2.73 76.99 3.07 75.58 1.21

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
254

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-120—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of live treesb on forest land, by national forest and land status, California, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land National forest Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Kilograms per hectare Angeles 46,131.80 12,517.20 30,122.60 6,009.30 35,654.70 6,046.30 65,934.10 26,537.90 29,092.90 10,342.40 49,523.70 17,716.00 37,725.50 5,869.70 Cleveland 4,961.10 4,961.10 44,530.60 7,087.60 24,730.70 11,862.60 — — — — — — 24,730.70 11,862.60 Eldorado 131,027.20 9,010.30 70,263.10 29,868.40 129,591.60 8,883.70 77,420.30 14,084.70 31,796.00 8,057.50 60,090.90 10,744.40 118,992.40 8,099.00 Inyo 45,525.50 7,758.50 13,896.20 1,897.30 22,572.80 2,821.50 67,915.70 11,382.80 21,947.20 3,043.80 43,491.60 6,290.40 29,769.00 2,898.00 Klamath 114,539.20 6,388.40 36,971.10 10,673.40 105,362.80 5,989.10 118,974.30 14,013.60 28,294.20 13,537.80 113,144.30 13,352.40 107,069.60 5,467.60 Lake Tahoe Basin 88,764.00 16,996.10 48,864.50 22,929.70 76,262.50 14,629.70 163,436.90 114,683.40 31,998.30 12,377.60 112,815.80 74,735.60 86,529.00 23,902.20

Lassen 87,007.60 5,672.70 18,081.90 4,539.90 79,377.10 5,322.10 84,412.60 18,439.20 36,965.70 19,357.30 72,307.80 16,089.50 78,953.40 5,086.90Los Padres 71,000.60 19,219.30 22,161.40 2,672.30 28,399.70 3,919.50 79,861.40 42,353.80 45,862.40 10,230.50 55,517.50 14,488.70 40,462.80 6,833.40

Mendocino 96,508.30 7,934.60 55,386.00 10,385.90 83,594.10 6,554.10 106,688.30 16,705.40 38,681.40 15,987.50 88,305.30 14,530.40 84,418.70 5,939.90

Modoc 47,145.60 4,590.30 11,007.80 1,166.00 30,109.40 2,722.90 100,493.80 32,213.10 18,766.00 4,225.70 78,441.30 26,976.00 31,889.90 2,857.00

Plumas 105,447.50 6,200.30 29,452.80 11,618.90 101,485.60 6,027.70 256,441.80 14,662.10 — — 256,441.80 14,662.10 103,086.20 6,066.40

Rogue River 103,217.10 62,467.80 24,622.80 24,622.80 74,674.20 46,883.90 187,371.00 57,126.20 — — 187,371.00 57,126.20 135,097.50 43,475.10

San Bernardino 60,454.00 11,184.10 27,438.10 5,814.70 42,053.40 6,620.60 55,339.20 12,864.60 22,618.00 7,149.70 42,086.90 9,282.00 42,062.50 5,432.00

Sequoia 66,877.20 9,102.10 14,826.90 5,438.90 49,781.50 7,062.40 112,533.20 11,203.80 30,348.40 8,838.90 88,260.70 9,082.00 72,826.10 6,224.60

Shasta-Trinity 109,223.70 5,066.10 38,664.80 7,591.60 103,794.20 4,834.20 117,410.00 7,325.10 54,083.60 13,733.90 107,552.50 6,764.90 104,926.10 3,893.10

Sierra 128,764.00 8,654.70 50,630.00 8,575.40 108,823.60 7,341.40 122,080.80 13,334.80 30,160.00 5,110.30 86,452.60 9,682.70 99,830.80 5,772.40Siskyou 123,624.30 54,835.70 — — 123,624.30 54,835.70 175,160.00 175,160.00 — — 175,160.00 175,160.00 145,910.40 34,811.00

Six Rivers 155,827.40 9,070.30 53,507.30 13,449.90 145,302.00 8,580.10 190,275.80 29,109.80 30,820.40 13,324.20 164,683.80 27,933.80 147,200.00 8,043.80

Stanislaus 103,737.70 9,556.60 43,583.40 12,242.60 96,459.60 8,676.30 102,988.80 11,701.90 28,926.10 7,411.20 94,407.20 11,154.10 95,999.90 7,135.40

Tahoe 99,718.10 7,225.80 87,493.70 36,677.30 99,280.50 7,061.20 67,575.60 20,797.20 14,114.70 14,114.70 55,918.60 18,992.40 97,592.60 6,848.70

Toiyabe 45,394.50 6,767.90 23,824.20 5,035.30 32,491.60 4,204.60 59,506.80 9,532.60 27,613.50 6,815.00 42,000.30 6,921.40 34,551.50 3,639.80

All national 

forests 102,820.70 1,936.30 26,674.90 1,565.00 84,261.00 1,564.00 110,623.30 4,448.20 33,862.80 3,062.80 86,293.50 3,441.60 84,717.40 1,358.50

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.005 kilograms per hectare was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per acre of biomass by multiplying by 0.00089. The result will be approximate due to rounding.b Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
255

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-121—Average biomass per acre of down wood on forest land, by national forest and down wood diameter class, California, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classesa Coarse-wood size classesb

0.1–0.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥20.0 All down wood

National forest Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Angeles 0.059 0.010 0.376 0.066 1.108 0.258 0.616 0.132 0.877 0.245 1.090 0.318 4.126 0.672

Cleveland 0.063 0.030 0.451 0.191 0.688 0.378 0.290 0.107 0.372 0.204 — — 1.863 0.510

Eldorado 0.085 0.015 0.924 0.412 1.611 0.171 1.481 0.144 3.004 0.296 5.217 0.757 12.321 1.126

Inyo 0.038 0.003 0.230 0.020 0.662 0.072 0.548 0.053 1.551 0.177 2.390 0.344 5.419 0.485

Klamath 0.114 0.008 0.718 0.068 1.986 0.171 1.357 0.084 2.670 0.178 4.183 0.413 11.028 0.649

Lake Tahoe Basin 0.081 0.016 0.426 0.081 1.282 0.371 1.003 0.235 2.337 0.553 4.629 2.005 9.758 2.750

Lassen 0.067 0.005 0.533 0.039 1.488 0.106 1.210 0.101 2.018 0.178 4.116 0.496 9.433 0.657

Los Padres 0.077 0.007 0.467 0.041 1.192 0.131 0.574 0.070 0.836 0.166 1.158 0.431 4.304 0.614

Mendocino 0.109 0.010 0.709 0.073 1.712 0.205 1.111 0.119 1.790 0.204 2.798 0.452 8.229 0.735

Modoc 0.028 0.003 0.285 0.019 0.836 0.067 0.667 0.069 1.246 0.133 1.444 0.243 4.506 0.377

Plumas 0.079 0.005 0.535 0.034 1.610 0.113 1.407 0.106 2.326 0.175 2.811 0.363 8.767 0.545

Rogue River 0.113 0.023 0.515 0.098 1.475 0.195 1.290 0.471 1.626 0.434 0.481 0.459 5.500 1.111

San Bernardino 0.045 0.007 0.467 0.074 1.180 0.180 0.844 0.136 1.854 0.322 3.350 0.920 7.741 1.280

Sequoia 0.057 0.004 0.469 0.032 1.315 0.124 0.767 0.074 1.668 0.241 3.225 0.493 7.500 0.708Shasta-Trinity 0.091 0.004 0.565 0.025 1.735 0.092 1.118 0.060 1.921 0.124 4.020 0.372 9.450 0.479Sierra 0.067 0.005 0.413 0.029 1.217 0.131 0.817 0.075 1.733 0.150 4.944 0.546 9.190 0.728

Siskyou 0.127 0.039 0.781 0.292 1.613 0.484 2.727 0.390 4.876 1.088 12.182 9.786 22.305 8.895

Six Rivers 0.157 0.015 1.075 0.367 2.175 0.288 1.458 0.160 2.342 0.254 4.654 0.716 11.861 1.098Stanislaus 0.065 0.006 0.479 0.040 1.529 0.138 1.254 0.115 2.355 0.212 4.188 0.554 9.869 0.737

Tahoe 0.085 0.007 0.578 0.036 1.510 0.113 1.229 0.098 2.264 0.229 3.721 0.690 9.388 0.862Toiyabe 0.051 0.007 0.327 0.063 1.091 0.400 0.751 0.106 1.245 0.187 2.459 0.702 5.923 0.986

All national forests 0.079 0.002 0.547 0.029 1.467 0.038 1.053 0.024 1.942 0.047 3.456 0.123 8.542 0.173

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19, and 20 actually represent 0.4 inch above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
256

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 Type of damage Total number of live trees Number of live trees with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Bigcone Douglas-fir 1,237.1 411.5 416.6 157.5 — — — — 6.2 6.4 Bishop pine 4,865.2 2,103.2 2,310.3 1,400.3 78.8 78.8 — — 109.5 93.1 Brewer spruce 2,376.1 1,187.1 108.9 61.9 — — — — — — California juniper 38,413.3 11,912.7 3,501.5 789.4 118.1 67.3 — — — — California red fir 306,797.8 27,829.1 135,247.2 16,108.8 368.7 135.3 3,475.9 851.7 10,985.6 3,549.4 California torreya 15,087.6 4,258.5 1,650.0 705.4 — — — — — —

Coulter pine 2,854.1 819.6 861.9 289.6 — — 6.3 6.2 — —

Cypress 45.1 41.7 — — — — — — — —Douglas-fir 1,272,209.0 47,405.0 161,183.3 8,908.2 2,839.7 772.9 399.3 120.8 18,016.8 3,267.0

Engelmann spruce 170.6 120.9 74.2 74.0 — — — — — —Foxtail pine 4,617.4 1,464.6 2,421.0 739.2 6.4 6.4 — — — —

Giant sequoia 987.3 943.8 6.1 6.4 — — — — — —

Grand fir 11,312.3 3,095.7 1,372.3 616.7 91.9 60.0 — — — —

Grey pine 43,986.6 4,979.6 11,380.2 1,803.3 183.1 71.0 518.2 274.5 891.0 659.4

Bristlecone pine 2,540.3 1,349.5 1,584.9 811.8 6.3 6.2 — — — —

Incense cedar 596,538.2 35,953.4 92,598.2 8,189.7 520.9 157.0 111.6 83.1 292.9 114.6

Jeffrey pine 242,240.3 18,329.1 54,926.1 5,231.0 1,015.1 331.7 1,012.8 232.4 1,191.4 762.1

Knobcone pine 43,635.5 10,911.6 8,043.8 1,787.2 587.2 467.9 135.5 89.5 1,219.6 943.2

Limber pine 4,208.2 1,609.7 1,484.0 506.6 — — — — — —

Lodgepole pine 301,403.0 30,759.7 121,385.0 14,661.9 1,021.9 427.7 1,074.2 356.0 17,911.3 7,912.0

Monterey cypress 1,094.1 1,114.7 148.6 151.4 — — — — — —

Monterey pine 1,931.5 1,729.7 1,219.4 1,203.2 — — — — 401.9 408.2

Mountain hemlock 53,907.2 10,699.0 18,426.7 5,417.2 56.2 41.7 211.4 163.4 222.3 105.1

Noble fir 404.6 232.7 79.8 56.6 — — — — — —

Pacific yew 20,108.1 6,827.1 624.9 220.6 — — — — — —

Ponderosa pine 595,273.5 29,631.4 112,875.2 10,830.9 923.6 231.6 3,241.3 505.8 10,209.5 3,298.2

Port-Orford cedar 10,080.5 3,617.7 355.9 175.4 6.2 6.1 — — — —

Redwood 327,361.8 30,087.1 48,632.6 4,886.7 5,164.9 1,092.7 — — 1,142.4 696.6
257

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Type of damage

Total number 

of live trees

Number of live trees 

with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Sargent’s cypress 7,102.1 4,417.4 222.9 192.8 — — — — — —

Shasta red fir 52,047.4 15,228.3 13,945.5 6,722.2 462.3 461.2 — — 84.5 56.1

Singleleaf pinyon 151,616.9 11,902.0 40,586.5 4,403.9 529.2 226.0 1,965.4 587.2 433.3 240.1Sitka spruce 6,451.7 2,335.5 1,594.2 1,053.6 518.5 524.7 — — 46.5 42.3Subalpine fir 81.8 81.0 — — — — — — — —Sugar pine 125,870.0 10,157.0 26,997.0 2,962.6 189.6 84.1 332.2 137.6 4,761.5 1,192.3

Utah juniper 6,520.1 1,383.7 3,206.0 1,033.3 18.4 14.0 — — — —

Washoe pine 3,578.1 3,052.0 1,356.6 1,032.5 121.2 99.7 — — 6.1 6.1

Western hemlock 25,173.0 7,818.2 2,858.1 1,014.4 274.5 162.7 63.9 50.8 544.4 493.9Western juniper 122,102.3 9,802.2 21,245.2 2,422.3 840.3 219.4 454.6 456.6 6.1 6.1

Western larch 48.3 43.0 48.3 43.0 — — — — — —

Western redcedar 424.0 328.6 155.9 115.9 — — — — — —

Western white pine 54,071.6 7,157.0 15,284.3 3,181.6 190.3 92.1 201.1 82.8 2,337.4 880.5

White fir 1,096,122.7 46,061.9 275,927.6 19,398.0 1,268.9 649.3 5,447.6 841.1 14,139.3 2,957.7

Whitebark pine 87,468.2 15,419.9 30,363.1 6,951.5 158.9 77.7 75.3 75.9 — —

Total 5,644,780.1 107,341.9 1,216,860.8 40,192.1 17,561.0 2,012.0 18,726.7 1,710.6 84,959.4 10,731.7

Hardwoods:

Ash spp. 5,522.3 5,273.9 5,328.0 5,271.0 — — — — — —

Bigleaf maple 105,237.6 12,755.9 16,408.3 2,600.8 536.2 461.7 — — — —

Bitter cherry 21,142.8 6,982.5 1,563.6 864.3 — — — — — —

Black cottonwood 9,074.8 6,012.7 486.9 366.4 — — — — — —

Blue oak 281,585.4 21,253.0 63,122.7 4,518.6 624.8 259.8 — — 453.7 181.5

Boxelder 977.8 624.3 592.2 342.3 — — — — — —

Buckeye spp. 464.0 469.4 — — — — — — — —

California black oak 466,924.4 34,015.3 94,188.7 7,214.4 292.2 175.6 8.1 7.4 1,881.2 978.9California buckeye 103,533.4 18,299.3 24,823.8 4,815.3 462.7 471.4 — — — —

California live oak 137,145.7 19,982.1 43,001.2 4,812.4 745.5 314.0 — — 590.2 297.5

California sycamore 2,084.4 790.1 480.2 226.3 — — — — — —

Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
258

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Total number of live trees Number of live trees with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees California white oak 20,409.5 3,733.2 6,263.5 1,525.9 180.7 82.3 — — 162.3 80.0 California-laurel 357,488.4 41,729.1 44,065.7 7,124.7 86.3 57.6 — — 213.3 137.5 Canyon live oak 1,173,263.6 77,550.3 180,833.1 14,843.2 2,688.5 1,581.5 — — 7,828.0 3,311.4 Cherry and plum spp. 2,251.0 1,530.2 837.1 619.8 — — — — — — Chinkapin oak 150.6 118.5 — — — — — — — — Chokecherry 7,372.8 6,809.8 — — — — — — — — Mountain mahogany 136,889.3 19,972.1 30,358.7 4,992.1 1,226.8 603.9 37.1 37.8 — —

Engelmann oak 503.9 266.9 364.5 212.3 — — — — — —

Eucalyptus spp. 401.3 410.2 109.4 111.9 — — — — — —

Fremont cottonwood 1,665.9 759.5 1,099.7 526.3 — — — — 121.9 75.1

Giant chinkapin 48,451.2 13,802.9 2,664.0 734.4 37.8 37.4 — — — —

Interior live oak 539,736.7 50,528.8 91,122.5 10,078.7 871.9 572.1 — — 2,122.3 967.6

California black walnut 36.9 37.4 — — — — — — — —

Oregon ash 14,584.8 7,001.3 3,496.0 1,396.1 — — — — — —

Oregon white oak 178,827.7 23,225.9 46,721.3 7,482.6 46.9 39.3 — — 783.5 420.1Pacific dogwood 115,698.2 17,021.4 9,812.6 3,405.5 93.0 84.7 — — — —

Pacific madrone 221,347.7 21,636.3 43,518.0 5,761.8 224.6 138.0 — — 847.7 291.7

Quaking aspen 74,981.1 21,384.6 17,540.2 8,205.6 143.7 73.3 — — 115.3 84.8Red alder 52,257.0 8,050.5 4,716.5 1,177.6 382.9 274.2 — — 156.1 101.7

Rocky Mountain maple 116.9 113.8 — — — — — — — —

Screwbean mesquite 723.9 630.9 149.6 150.9 — — — — — —

Tanoak 1,239,042.8 68,575.6 134,183.7 12,327.2 1,580.4 751.0 — — 3,437.8 1,246.4Tasmanian bluegum 468.9 464.7 — — — — — — — —

Walnut spp. 37.1 37.8 37.1 37.8 — — — — — —

Mesquite 1,848.7 917.9 505.7 380.3 — — — — — —

White alder 22,454.8 7,381.4 3,698.4 1,049.3 187.7 153.9 — — 7.1 7.0Willow spp. 11,390.2 10,667.5 — — — — — — — —

Total 5,356,917.6 144,918.1 872,135.9 30,381.0 10,418.7 2,247.5 45.2 38.6 18,720.6 3,848.5

Total, all species 11,001,697.7 177,889.8 2,088,996.7 49,381.1 27,979.7 3,014.2 18,771.9 1,711.0 103,680.0 11,397.8

Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
259

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Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliage diseases Stem decay

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Bigcone Douglas-fir — — — — — — — — 50.0 29.2

Bishop pine — — 40.4 40.5 — — — — 130.2 87.0Brewer spruce — — — — — — — — 12.2 8.7California juniper — — — — 1,547.2 640.8 7.3 7.1 77.0 54.6

California red fir 110.3 67.9 50,633.6 8,576.2 — — 5,684.5 2,371.5 838.4 144.2

California torreya — — — — — — — — 287.7 161.1

Coulter pine — — 134.2 114.1 — — — — 13.0 8.9

Douglas-fir 1,186.6 733.1 5,127.5 938.9 — — 670.1 212.0 16,243.4 1,539.2

Engelmann spruce — — 74.2 74.0 — — — — — —

Foxtail pine — — — — — — — — 197.2 98.0Grand fir 52.3 45.6 — — — — — — 14.3 9.6

Grey pine — — 5,875.7 1,434.2 — — 213.3 132.6 620.6 248.7Bristlecone pine — — — — — — — — 513.9 357.7

Incense cedar 538.2 465.5 — — 3,134.6 877.9 12,757.6 3,127.2 1,944.2 268.4

Jeffrey pine 192.8 126.4 15,211.6 3,777.7 — — 973.0 588.1 1,108.0 553.6

Knobcone pine — — 588.9 240.4 — — 440.8 463.2 778.1 294.7

Limber pine — — — — — — — — 168.9 90.2Lodgepole pine 38.4 38.6 15,372.0 4,955.6 — — 1,960.9 768.5 3,074.1 844.6Monterey cypress — — 74.3 75.7 — — — — 37.1 37.8

Monterey pine — — 118.6 120.4 — — — — 30.2 34.5

Mountain hemlock — — 2,113.6 867.7 — — 567.8 349.4 246.8 82.2

Pacific yew — — — — — — — — 293.2 141.3

Ponderosa pine 1,732.9 975.9 13,127.0 2,465.3 — — 965.4 285.4 2,245.2 882.9

Port-Orford cedar — — — — — — — — 58.4 57.2Redwood 6.2 6.3 97.2 55.3 — — 123.9 64.2 2,987.5 646.4

Shasta red fir — — 7,244.7 4,689.5 — — 947.9 667.4 155.0 85.0

Singleleaf pinyon — — 9,637.9 1,853.6 — — 38.5 38.4 802.1 213.4Sitka spruce — — 30.9 28.1 — — 6.4 6.5 57.2 43.2
260

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Type of damage Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliage diseases Stem decay Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Sugar pine — — 707.2 172.2 — — 200.3 99.9 698.0 128.0 Utah juniper — — — — 183.1 134.3 — — 61.2 42.4 Washoe pine — — — — — — — — 6.1 6.1 Western hemlock — — 779.0 561.2 — — — — 50.1 40.6 Western juniper 117.5 66.0 — — 4,135.8 1,221.0 2,270.5 977.3 3,096.0 809.5 Western redcedar — — — — — — — — 38.9 38.1 Western white pine 5.9 6.0 416.3 164.4 — — 217.9 129.1 633.8 127.9

White fir 2,099.7 1,084.4 45,202.9 6,781.3 3,783.6 1,509.0 1,685.7 980.3 4,477.5 455.2Whitebark pine 992.0 1,002.4 — — — — 31.4 34.1 1,924.0 977.3

Total 7,072.8 2,285.7 172,607.6 14,211.7 12,784.3 2,227.1 29,763.1 4,485.4 43,969.5 2,650.6

Hardwoods:

Bigleaf maple 340.9 229.6 — — — — — — 3,458.6 963.3

Black cottonwood — — — — — — — — 252.1 251.2

Blue oak 6,857.3 1,807.8 400.6 124.5 4,761.4 788.7 209.3 108.4 11,747.8 1,462.8Boxelder — — — — — — — — 461.9 249.3

California black oak 12,144.2 3,712.9 645.6 322.4 4,303.7 1,028.9 503.2 208.5 19,782.1 1,838.5California buckeye — — — — — — 39.5 40.1 5,635.4 1,374.5California live oak 1,240.3 552.7 6.5 6.3 226.4 126.6 215.7 133.4 14,679.1 1,990.6

California sycamore — — — — — — — — 170.9 95.9California white oak 996.3 883.8 49.8 50.2 581.6 227.3 40.4 40.5 363.3 147.7

California-laurel 2,935.3 2,085.5 — — — — 3,579.3 2,012.0 9,496.4 2,280.1Canyon live oak 7,199.2 2,818.8 1,052.9 618.1 2,675.5 730.4 664.9 460.4 32,880.9 3,554.8

Cherry and plum Spp. 445.1 450.7 — — — — — — — —Mountain mahogany 291.0 196.2 — — — — 2,050.8 2,024.1 1,044.0 473.4

Engelmann oak — — — — — — — — 16.8 10.3Fremont cottonwood — — — — — — 121.9 75.1 296.3 172.0Giant chinkapin — — — — — — — — 946.2 504.6

Interior live oak 8,209.8 4,173.9 2,289.5 2,006.0 4,275.3 1,561.6 605.4 454.1 25,594.2 3,550.1
261

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Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliage diseases Stem decay

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Oregon ash — — — — — — — — 897.6 413.2

Oregon white oak 5,767.5 3,136.6 551.0 490.5 3,140.1 1,204.1 138.6 127.9 3,749.4 818.6

Pacific dogwood — — — — — — 45.5 42.1 317.4 121.2

Pacific madrone 8,143.9 4,941.6 — — — — 49.9 42.8 10,077.2 1,334.1

Quaking aspen — — — — — — — — 1,400.9 765.5Red alder 745.7 453.6 — — — — — — 503.3 169.3

Tanoak 15,497.8 8,060.8 — — — — 170.9 101.3 30,243.1 3,216.1

White alder 285.1 276.6 — — — — — — 331.6 121.7

Total 71,099.5 12,893.0 4,995.9 2,251.9 19,963.9 2,528.6 8,435.5 2,947.8 174,383.6 7,930.7

Total, all species 78,172.2 13,186.1 177,603.5 14,384.2 32,748.2 3,374.1 38,198.7 5,401.0 218,353.1 8,390.7
262

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Type of damage Other insects Physical injury and defects Root disease Weather Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Bigcone Douglas-fir 6.2 6.2 379.3 153.6 — — — — Bishop pine — — 2,120.8 1,377.2 — — — — Brewer spruce — — 102.8 61.6 — — — — California juniper — — 1,875.6 431.9 — — 31.7 35.7 California red fir 216.2 114.7 55,802.5 7,925.6 42,039.8 7,863.9 14,243.4 6,403.3

California torreya — — 1,552.6 696.2 — — — —Coulter pine — — 721.3 262.5 6.5 6.3 — —Douglas-fir 563.0 462.8 116,389.1 6,560.9 10,997.8 4,075.8 435.6 264.3

Engelmann spruce — — 37.1 37.0 — — — —

Foxtail pine — — 2,344.5 722.4 — — 114.8 108.9

Giant sequoia — — 6.1 6.4 — — — —

Grand fir — — 1,275.2 613.8 — — — —

Grey pine 37.2 37.7 4,902.8 1,029.1 43.2 40.6 7.7 7.0

Bristlecone pine — — 981.0 465.1 — — 612.1 625.1

Incense cedar 5.0 5.5 66,926.8 6,497.9 11,783.8 3,599.8 1,767.7 846.5

Jeffrey pine 859.7 524.9 33,690.9 3,051.7 4,115.0 1,384.7 1,089.6 551.7Knobcone pine — — 4,811.9 1,212.8 367.2 305.7 75.5 93.0

Limber pine — — 1,339.0 486.7 — — 197.3 126.2

Lodgepole pine 40.6 38.7 82,164.9 9,687.9 9,798.7 3,547.9 8,172.0 2,834.8Monterey cypress — — 111.4 113.5 — — — —

Monterey pine — — 777.9 755.2 — — — —

Mountain hemlock 71.4 51.4 13,210.9 3,257.7 467.2 493.0 5,135.0 4,297.5

Noble fir — — 42.7 37.2 — — 37.1 37.0Pacific yew — — 583.8 217.0 — — — —

Ponderosa pine 1,811.0 888.3 67,799.2 6,498.3 20,997.4 7,122.3 512.1 174.2

Port-Orford cedar — — 343.3 172.6 — — — —
263

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Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 

(continued)

Type of damage

Other insects

Physical injury and 

defects Root disease Weather

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Redwood — — 42,091.3 4,541.6 22.1 23.8 1,148.9 986.0Sargent’s cypress — — 222.9 192.8 — — — —Shasta red fir 6.2 6.1 6,433.4 2,679.9 74.2 74.0 3,375.0 3,339.4Singleleaf pinyon 732.5 687.7 25,885.9 3,091.8 4,990.1 2,485.8 598.7 527.5

Sitka spruce — — 998.2 568.3 — — — —

Sugar pine 8.5 7.4 20,645.8 2,689.2 1,878.8 696.3 726.9 480.5

Utah juniper — — 3,041.6 1,026.5 49.7 43.5 — —

Washoe pine — — 444.2 300.8 — — 906.4 916.7

Western hemlock — — 1,629.6 650.0 — — — —Western juniper 216.8 154.6 12,156.4 1,580.3 72.0 51.6 202.4 107.1Western larch — — 48.3 43.0 — — — —

Western redcedar — — 149.4 113.8 — — — —

Western white pine 34.3 35.7 11,525.6 2,609.1 200.0 111.3 1,490.6 948.1White fir 678.7 240.9 127,175.6 6,996.1 109,359.7 15,499.4 7,827.8 4,708.2

Whitebark pine — — 27,701.0 6,660.3 — — 3,275.1 1,942.7

Total 5,287.3 1,397.5 740,593.5 22,961.7 217,263.0 22,284.4 51,983.2 13,213.6

Hardwoods:

Ash spp. — — 5,328.0 5,271.0 — — — —

Bigleaf maple — — 13,079.8 2,227.7 — — 36.0 39.5Bitter cherry — — 1,563.6 864.3 — — — —

Black cottonwood — — 404.8 296.4 — — — —

Blue oak 1,524.8 900.8 47,435.8 3,845.4 48.7 43.5 31.1 35.6Boxelder — — 375.9 173.9 — — — —

California black oak 833.3 542.6 67,341.9 5,819.0 490.0 190.1 119.4 64.3

California buckeye — — 22,136.6 4,619.5 — — 50.4 44.4

California live oak 39.5 40.1 34,408.8 4,335.2 — — 192.6 168.9
264

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Other insects Physical injury and defects Root disease Weather Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees California sycamore — — 398.5 211.7 — — — — California white oak 106.1 64.8 4,384.2 1,200.4 — — — — California-laurel — — 34,108.9 6,162.9 8.4 7.4 187.3 99.8 Canyon live oak 1,803.2 1,051.1 141,393.2 13,165.5 12.4 12.5 1,664.2 1,241.7 Cherry and plum Spp. — — 392.0 425.5 — — — — Mountain mahogany 147.4 90.5 27,149.3 4,486.5 76.1 75.1 136.8 114.8

Engelmann oak — — 347.8 212.0 — — — —

Eucalyptus spp. — — 109.4 111.9 — — — —

Fremont cottonwood — — 791.5 388.6 — — 23.9 18.1

Giant chinkapin — — 2,257.3 673.1 — — 38.5 38.3Interior live oak 514.1 471.6 63,819.9 7,583.3 745.0 742.4 38.8 38.1

Oregon ash 104.6 64.5 3,285.3 1,389.4 — — — —Oregon white oak 430.1 355.1 34,642.6 6,172.5 — — — —

Pacific dogwood — — 9,680.1 3,404.2 — — — —

Pacific madrone 7.7 7.0 28,950.7 2,703.0 — — 659.9 533.8

Quaking aspen — — 9,453.4 2,601.9 37.1 37.0 7,343.3 7,760.3

Red alder 39.8 39.0 3,377.1 847.7 40.2 39.6 — —

Screwbean mesquite — — 149.6 150.9 — — — —

Tanoak 123.4 69.2 96,913.0 8,446.9 472.2 501.4 1,130.8 508.5

Walnut spp. — — 37.1 37.8 — — — —

Mesquite — — 505.7 380.3 — — — —

White alder — — 3,144.0 966.8 — — 108.2 82.3

Total 5,674.2 1,635.7 657,402.8 24,200.4 1,930.1 921.9 11,761.1 7,898.3

Total, all species 10,961.5 2,150.4 1,397,996.3 32,878.0 219,193.1 22,322.4 63,744.3 15,388.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.a Includes number of live trees ≥1 inch diameter at breast height with one or more types of damage recorded.Table A2-122—Number of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 

(continued)
265

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010

Type of damage

Total gross volume of 

live treesa

Gross volume of live 

trees with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand cubic feet

Softwoods:

Bigcone Douglas-fir 63,130.6 18,402.0 27,639.8 9,261.5 — — — — 374.4 391.0

Bishop pine 124,089.6 48,327.0 56,772.5 26,967.3 1,183.7 1,182.9 — — 502.4 427.0

Brewer spruce 17,029.8 9,225.7 5,356.6 2,752.1 — — — — — —

California juniper 98,270.9 15,154.6 22,059.1 6,228.4 719.1 499.2 — — — —

California red fir 6,277,531.8 477,857.5 3,471,122.6 308,225.7 4,162.2 1,684.0 141,716.7 42,217.5 180,050.2 71,506.3

California torreya 13,918.7 4,437.1 6,906.4 2,484.2 — — — — — —

Coulter pine 87,787.4 25,300.8 34,909.5 10,182.5 — — 2,768.3 2,738.7 — —

Cypress 1,159.1 1,071.9 — — — — — — — —

Douglas-fir 23,205,591.8 707,681.8 5,949,201.8 276,432.8 77,982.5 20,385.9 13,461.3 4,457.9 266,528.8 37,679.4

Engelmann spruce 7,367.9 5,404.1 675.7 674.1 — — — — — —

Foxtail pine 271,055.5 78,975.7 176,510.9 56,909.0 591.3 593.0 — — — —

Giant sequoia 62,047.2 58,327.5 11,532.5 12,182.2 — — — — — —

Grand fir 203,098.3 43,426.6 37,380.0 10,588.1 727.2 496.2 — — — —

Grey pine 640,898.8 49,563.4 227,378.2 27,321.3 8,814.7 2,811.5 23,246.4 11,299.7 2,825.1 1,305.2

Bristlecone pine 61,772.9 30,546.3 52,726.9 26,096.9 654.2 647.2 — — — —

Incense cedar 4,248,038.8 202,215.1 1,585,357.9 108,412.1 15,239.7 5,047.2 1,164.3 832.6 4,619.8 2,216.0

Jeffrey pine 4,703,856.6 247,065.8 1,745,388.1 112,427.9 24,999.0 8,212.0 67,918.9 19,713.7 8,385.2 3,547.0

Knobcone pine 156,822.3 30,398.0 67,041.1 13,834.4 1,736.6 1,547.5 3,293.0 2,131.2 3,327.6 1,672.8

Limber pine 83,912.2 31,088.0 46,709.6 17,561.9 — — — — — —

Lodgepole pine 3,840,927.5 277,483.8 1,845,777.6 148,645.1 28,297.6 9,463.8 37,949.4 9,956.2 116,144.3 32,509.8

Monterey cypress 1,550.5 1,579.7 485.2 494.4 — — — — — —

Monterey pine 62,551.6 45,746.6 28,457.3 25,598.9 — — — — 16,139.8 16,391.8

Mountain hemlock 632,720.3 116,262.6 245,974.8 49,223.4 4,372.4 3,159.8 8,274.5 5,876.6 4,394.0 2,491.1

Noble fir 23,613.3 17,465.0 2,815.9 2,760.1 — — — — — —

Pacific yew 8,951.1 2,383.1 2,597.6 891.4 — — — — — —

Ponderosa pine 8,577,228.3 346,259.2 2,350,071.9 135,922.9 52,870.1 13,922.0 118,149.7 22,342.3 33,121.6 8,270.5

Port-Orford cedar 148,509.0 65,290.1 57,094.3 27,866.0 1,889.6 1,885.0 — — — —

Redwood 8,359,557.9 853,647.0 2,776,007.0 417,705.8 117,157.0 25,411.3 — — 27,206.3 14,763.8
266

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Total gross volume of live treesa Gross volume of live trees with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand cubic feet Sargent’s cypress 5,095.0 3,787.4 1,320.6 1,188.3 — — — — — — Shasta red fir 812,413.9 201,688.4 188,442.7 51,771.7 — — — — 509.4 342.6 Singleleaf pinyon 772,288.1 56,381.5 270,494.7 25,983.9 6,786.8 5,166.0 17,105.5 5,498.4 2,635.6 1,359.5 Sitka spruce 271,280.2 87,689.5 55,808.4 21,695.1 60.6 61.3 — — 4,791.6 4,360.0 Subalpine fir 2,430.7 2,404.7 — — — — — — — — Sugar pine 4,102,712.3 230,698.5 1,360,705.0 116,630.3 1,499.1 907.1 6,281.2 3,226.3 84,979.4 18,612.6 Utah juniper 50,431.5 10,518.4 26,554.0 6,494.7 1,003.9 738.0 — — — —

Washoe pine 47,590.4 30,422.2 28,147.5 21,086.6 6,576.0 5,409.5 — — 335.3 336.7

Western hemlock 229,643.4 66,743.8 70,455.3 22,671.5 10,447.6 6,769.6 2,680.2 2,131.9 3,893.6 3,394.9

Western juniper 581,344.2 37,221.2 205,849.1 17,659.9 11,208.1 3,429.4 — — 338.3 339.8Western larch 395.2 351.6 395.2 351.6 — — — — — —

Western redcedar 38,893.9 25,968.3 30,895.1 21,136.8 — — — — — —

Western white pine 1,038,081.3 94,591.5 437,693.1 46,339.0 4,269.6 1,960.6 8,701.7 3,834.9 11,304.1 3,709.6

White fir 13,442,101.1 549,406.7 5,519,867.8 324,586.3 13,354.9 4,425.5 146,929.5 22,254.8 173,057.8 32,239.2Whitebark pine 136,392.5 22,478.2 67,808.8 12,577.3 3,394.2 1,775.9 584.8 590.0 — —

Total 83,520,119.2 1,429,217.8 29,102,459.5 750,337.4 399,997.5 43,043.4 600,225.6 62,266.9 945,464.7 98,846.0

Hardwoods:

Ash spp. 1,927.7 1,664.3 358.6 354.7 — — — — — —

Bigleaf maple 428,000.7 43,108.1 149,836.2 21,633.3 1,565.6 1,043.1 — — — —

Bitter cherry 198.9 194.6 — — — — — — — —

Black cottonwood 51,963.3 21,366.3 16,008.0 7,775.3 — — — — — —

Blue oak 1,577,974.1 78,427.2 622,317.6 41,917.8 12,183.3 4,147.7 — — 5,627.5 2,963.0

Boxelder 13,271.7 12,515.1 7,153.6 6,207.5 — — — — — —

California black oak 3,625,798.5 160,287.0 1,367,878.6 74,938.4 11,628.6 6,931.7 1,215.7 1,106.5 28,702.5 9,565.3

California buckeye 70,730.4 10,888.6 45,658.8 7,942.2 — — — — — —

California live oak 1,383,432.3 104,547.5 620,955.9 58,833.1 8,889.2 3,786.1 — — 11,141.9 5,449.0

California sycamore 47,359.0 13,751.3 16,468.1 5,757.8 — — — — — —

California white oak 405,882.8 62,294.1 122,427.0 21,688.8 12,994.9 6,688.7 — — 853.0 501.8

Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
267

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Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Total gross volume of 

live treesa

Gross volume of live 

trees with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand cubic feet

California-laurel 728,008.4 72,485.5 260,625.0 39,972.5 446.9 303.2 — — 1,569.3 1,097.2

Canyon live oak 3,338,287.8 169,367.9 1,190,427.7 78,373.3 11,900.6 4,976.3 — — 15,067.9 4,745.0

Chinkapin oak 677.4 507.3 — — — — — — — —

Chokecherry 57.9 57.2 — — — — — — — —

Mountain mahogany 152,117.2 19,035.8 71,058.0 13,189.3 4,077.0 1,615.9 185.9 189.4 — —

Engelmann oak 15,825.5 7,341.0 11,434.9 5,199.4 — — — — — —

Eucalyptus spp. 5,363.2 5,482.9 992.0 1,014.1 — — — — — —

Fremont cottonwood 91,227.1 41,585.8 64,974.4 33,900.4 — — — — 7,682.1 4,737.5

Giant chinkapin 212,763.7 51,009.9 57,139.3 14,745.0 282.3 279.3 — — — —

Interior live oak 750,820.2 66,668.3 313,193.2 29,897.8 552.4 284.7 — — 1,646.0 605.4

California black walnut 354.3 360.0 — — — — — — — —

Oregon ash 30,531.9 12,279.4 15,342.9 6,047.3 — — — — — —

Oregon white oak 635,533.3 65,831.0 202,422.3 25,626.2 1,591.1 1,263.8 — — 4,132.5 2,045.0

Pacific dogwood 11,656.0 3,691.9 4,558.0 2,033.0 1,279.7 1,164.4 — — — —

Pacific madrone 1,898,018.6 121,044.2 912,888.8 73,808.4 3,299.4 1,880.5 — — 14,895.5 5,145.5

Quaking aspen 57,526.1 17,844.3 20,412.2 6,655.4 2,891.8 1,567.4 — — 192.7 144.1

Red alder 508,732.9 82,172.2 67,689.7 14,411.5 6,613.7 4,878.9 — — 1,176.3 771.7

Rocky Mountain maple 120.7 117.5 — — — — — — — —

Screwbean mesquite 563.8 426.1 377.3 380.7 — — — — — —

Tanoak 3,616,183.1 210,658.1 1,112,149.0 82,621.7 9,407.7 4,364.0 — — 17,805.2 5,893.0

Tasmanian bluegum 2,094.9 1,508.7 — — — — — — — —

Walnut spp. 154.8 157.7 154.8 157.7 — — — — — —

Mesquite 10,176.2 4,992.1 3,579.0 2,770.1 — — — — — —

White alder 151,316.3 27,224.8 48,257.8 13,099.9 2,757.0 2,440.2 — — 1,210.2 1,183.0

Total 19,834,094.5 427,774.4 7,327,093.9 203,681.5 92,641.1 14,491.4 1,401.5 1,122.5 111,702.6 16,047.5

Total, all species 103,354,213.6 1,485,362.1 36,429,553.4 774,148.9 492,638.6 45,383.7 601,627.1 62,276.8 1,057,167.3 100,583.3
268

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Type of damage Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliage diseases Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand cubic feet Softwoods: Bishop pine — — 510.4 511.3 — — — — California juniper — — — — 8,274.0 5,076.0 186.7 180.7 California red fir 6,398.6 6,838.6 1,407,092.3 219,511.1 — — 341,253.4 94,476.4 Coulter pine — — 4,489.4 3,185.0 — — — — Douglas-fir 26,631.2 15,115.0 422,891.8 77,493.7 — — 63,070.5 23,495.7 Engelmann spruce — — 675.7 674.1 — — — —

Grand fir 107.8 94.0 — — — — — —

Grey pine — — 75,647.6 14,551.0 — — 7,408.3 5,010.9

Incense cedar 188.9 180.6 — — 120,676.9 26,076.5 153,338.1 37,266.3

Jeffrey pine 2,693.1 1,910.9 313,939.8 49,894.5 — — 75,953.0 29,389.6

Knobcone pine — — 9,813.0 6,422.8 — — — —

Lodgepole pine 1,913.5 1,918.9 139,526.5 31,851.8 — — 74,190.8 33,735.9

Monterey cypress — — 240.4 245.0 — — — —Monterey pine — — 4,433.1 4,502.3 — — — —

Mountain hemlock — — 33,057.8 14,455.0 — — 38,486.0 24,974.4

Ponderosa pine 14,583.4 10,510.4 308,557.2 45,951.9 — — 31,273.0 8,264.8Redwood 2,540.6 2,588.4 15,133.9 11,360.7 — — 13,523.7 7,445.6

Shasta red fir — — 15,264.3 9,617.3 — — 14,985.7 14,864.6

Singleleaf pinyon — — 58,157.1 11,825.3 — — 47.1 46.9Sitka spruce — — 16,576.9 15,083.8 — — 2,541.4 2,571.7Sugar pine — — 84,255.6 21,940.5 — — 15,941.5 9,343.6

Utah juniper — — — — 1,577.4 1,541.6 — —

Western hemlock — — 11,077.9 8,074.9 — — — —

Western juniper 487.5 371.6 — — 32,749.3 6,652.2 12,552.1 4,931.3

Western white pine 704.2 713.0 7,400.2 3,723.4 — — 8,775.7 6,085.6

White fir 16,109.9 7,174.7 1,167,598.1 176,120.8 94,722.4 29,126.1 32,001.5 8,514.0

Whitebark pine 2,523.1 2,549.7 — — — — 214.8 233.2

Total 74,881.9 21,407.7 4,096,338.9 311,336.1 258,000.0 39,780.8 885,743.5 123,387.0
269

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Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 

2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliage diseases

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand cubic feet

Hardwoods:

Bigleaf maple 7,952.2 5,677.0 — — — — — —

Blue oak 50,835.8 13,808.8 8,916.4 3,994.9 66,659.4 10,763.5 5,086.5 3,403.0California black oak 91,594.8 20,648.9 12,582.1 4,113.1 121,123.8 20,620.2 4,604.9 1,955.3

California buckeye — — — — — — 258.6 262.6California live oak 15,097.5 8,290.8 1,648.9 1,604.6 11,731.3 4,616.5 6,236.6 3,192.0

California white oak 5,876.8 4,626.1 3,441.0 3,471.7 16,075.2 6,374.7 1,332.3 1,334.7California-laurel 15,372.0 9,247.9 — — — — 19,815.1 9,697.6

Canyon live oak 28,618.5 13,576.9 11,466.6 9,196.1 30,699.0 11,885.1 1,357.1 870.9Mountain mahogany 1,065.3 667.2 — — — — 5,784.3 5,738.7

Fremont cottonwood — — — — — — 15,681.5 9,670.6Interior live oak 26,073.6 13,206.3 2,100.1 1,523.1 15,740.8 4,332.2 2,135.2 1,837.7

Oregon white oak 23,892.2 9,858.3 259.8 220.8 36,783.0 12,364.7 1,052.8 800.3

Pacific dogwood — — — — — — 60.0 55.4

Pacific madrone 37,549.6 16,946.3 — — — — 2,059.7 1,469.7

Red alder 6,816.7 4,604.7 — — — — — —Tanoak 79,830.4 40,712.0 — — — — 497.9 309.5

White alder 3,197.0 3,395.2 — — — — — —

Total 393,772.4 73,911.6 40,415.0 11,774.3 298,812.5 30,912.8 65,962.6 16,154.6

Total, all species 468,654.3 78,470.9 4,136,753.9 311,506.8 556,812.5 50,310.8 951,706.1 124,581.3
270

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued) Type of damage Stem decay Other insects Physical injury and defects Root disease Weather Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand cubic feet Softwoods: Bigcone Douglas-fir 8,355.7 4,664.4 743.2 737.3 22,468.9 8,041.0 — — — — Bishop pine 8,122.0 5,604.4 — — 51,379.1 26,023.6 — — — — Brewer spruce 1,512.0 1,144.0 — — 4,309.9 2,548.1 — — — — California juniper 233.8 186.6 — — 13,495.3 3,337.3 — — 24.5 27.5 California red fir 154,340.3 27,527.8 1,459.1 914.9 1,804,542.8 153,715.7 920,785.8 168,758.5 47,122.0 14,571.8

California torreya 4,764.6 2,166.9 — — 5,459.9 1,990.6 — — — —Coulter pine 1,522.5 1,048.6 — — 24,793.3 7,564.5 5,626.8 5,524.3 — —

Douglas-fir 1,663,695.9 128,225.1 11,306.0 7,442.6 3,852,719.3 202,438.0 261,422.1 77,544.9 34,222.2 13,257.4

Engelmann spruce — — — — 61.8 61.6 — — — —Foxtail pine 27,916.9 17,765.7 — — 167,578.7 53,341.2 — — 9,401.1 8,554.3

Giant sequoia — — — — 11,532.5 12,182.2 — — — —

Grand fir 2,329.5 1,592.3 — — 35,383.2 10,496.1 — — — —Grey pine 31,918.4 11,597.4 2,023.1 2,046.5 111,640.9 16,307.3 2,335.4 2,199.0 792.3 720.9

Bristlecone pine 22,493.9 14,746.6 — — 37,298.8 17,766.1 — — 18,185.4 18,085.8

Incense cedar 193,876.2 30,243.3 540.7 600.5 1,213,145.9 80,608.2 159,442.4 56,393.8 7,627.5 3,681.3

Jeffrey pine 99,154.7 23,404.9 4,596.4 2,476.1 1,275,384.1 85,737.8 169,701.5 38,762.4 28,398.6 8,440.4

Knobcone pine 15,091.2 5,532.6 — — 42,728.8 9,797.8 5,415.8 4,513.3 1,414.9 1,743.3Limber pine 11,010.8 5,545.1 — — 42,704.4 16,869.3 — — 5,926.0 3,484.7

Lodgepole pine 156,873.7 25,399.1 195.5 186.4 1,493,257.7 122,622.7 118,410.1 35,168.3 19,708.9 6,088.0

Monterey cypress 64.9 66.1 — — 363.2 370.0 — — — —Monterey pine 1,726.5 1,973.9 — — 10,138.9 7,367.0 — — — —

Mountain hemlock 20,907.5 7,230.8 1,939.8 1,746.7 175,864.4 32,357.0 15,291.6 15,854.1 6,545.4 2,568.9Noble fir — — — — 872.2 822.1 — — 1,943.7 1,939.0

Pacific yew 1,409.1 652.8 — — 2,139.2 773.2 — — — —

Ponderosa pine 120,048.5 18,258.1 6,300.9 2,524.3 1,679,237.1 99,261.1 270,551.6 68,635.5 14,164.7 6,176.1

Port-Orford cedar 19,775.6 19,347.8 — — 53,699.1 26,370.1 — — — —
271

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Stem decay Other insects

Physical injury and 

defects Root disease Weather

Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand cubic feet

Redwood 275,655.9 85,453.0 — — 2,574,583.7 415,714.4 4,756.8 5,122.7 14,124.4 6,407.3

Sargent’s cypress — — — — 1,320.6 1,188.3 — — — —Shasta red fir 20,513.1 11,536.5 1,911.9 1,907.2 150,723.5 43,305.7 889.9 887.7 266.5 263.7

Singleleaf pinyon 14,177.9 3,640.4 649.6 570.0 193,634.6 20,694.3 20,955.3 8,358.8 1,508.1 894.3

Sitka spruce 4,366.7 2,643.3 — — 34,379.3 14,999.8 — — — —

Sugar pine 208,823.0 47,660.1 1,491.6 1,302.1 1,028,914.2 88,347.9 152,695.9 59,585.2 29,010.4 19,847.1

Utah juniper 1,037.4 755.5 — — 24,392.3 6,231.2 13.7 12.0 — —

Washoe pine 889.8 893.6 — — 27,257.7 21,028.1 — — — —Western hemlock 5,334.4 3,939.8 — — 53,110.2 16,255.7 — — — —Western juniper 50,325.7 7,856.9 743.3 551.7 131,562.2 12,812.8 124.6 93.4 3,923.3 1,847.3

Western larch — — — — 395.2 351.6 — — — —

Western redcedar 14,567.9 14,252.8 — — 28,450.6 19,475.8 — — — —

Western white pine 108,791.7 21,947.2 892.7 928.0 339,911.1 39,249.2 8,213.7 4,708.4 13,552.0 4,645.5White fir 319,418.8 39,519.0 20,676.5 8,281.0 3,274,983.6 186,254.5 1,786,332.9 230,454.7 51,160.7 10,020.6

Whitebark pine 9,121.0 3,315.5 — — 60,982.5 11,828.4 — — 3,717.9 1,594.3

Total 3,600,167.6 183,753.7 55,470.3 12,490.2 20,060,871.7 585,215.1 3,902,966.0 398,262.5 312,740.2 40,654.5

Hardwoods:

Ash spp. — — — — 358.6 354.7 — — — —

Bigleaf maple 60,178.1 13,569.5 — — 111,215.2 17,971.3 — — 421.1 462.1

Black cottonwood 4,467.8 3,430.8 — — 13,561.1 7,250.4 — — — —

Blue oak 225,906.9 23,608.7 4,630.6 1,781.5 388,773.0 30,471.1 172.1 153.7 953.4 1,090.5

Boxelder 6,276.1 5,312.5 — — 2,482.1 1,248.3 — — — —California black oak 589,320.5 45,739.1 5,107.1 2,748.2 832,955.7 52,225.0 14,628.5 5,784.5 3,139.4 1,722.9

California buckeye 19,337.9 5,273.6 — — 40,178.3 7,711.5 — — 170.7 150.3

California live oak 306,266.0 39,085.6 139.4 141.6 437,572.1 46,391.4 — — 4,247.2 2,940.4

California sycamore 9,472.3 4,359.2 — — 15,476.4 5,675.4 — — — —
272

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Stem decay Other insects Physical injury and defects Root disease Weather Species Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand cubic feet California white oak 26,746.6 8,542.8 448.6 319.8 73,483.2 15,258.0 — — — — California-laurel 141,589.1 32,647.9 — — 164,299.4 30,307.4 4,368.6 3,847.6 5,846.4 4,197.4 Canyon live oak 506,169.9 48,468.5 5,389.3 3,965.1 817,911.2 60,683.2 7,015.2 7,096.3 8,301.2 5,312.7 Mountain mahogany 2,921.9 1,534.3 541.9 465.4 62,403.6 11,743.3 30.1 29.7 309.0 227.6 Engelmann oak 3,399.8 2,301.9 — — 8,035.1 4,662.1 — — — —

Eucalyptus spp. — — — — 992.0 1,014.1 — — — —

Fremont cottonwood 27,873.9 15,403.4 — — 33,170.8 17,182.7 — — 4,592.7 3,475.1

Giant chinkapin 17,217.0 5,852.4 — — 41,987.2 11,647.2 — — 3,239.4 3,223.3

Interior live oak 152,723.4 19,174.3 103.7 94.3 187,617.3 19,768.3 1,985.9 1,979.0 180.1 176.8

Oregon ash 4,574.4 1,932.0 681.8 420.5 12,968.7 5,875.6 — — — —Oregon white oak 55,133.0 11,436.3 2,668.2 2,224.8 129,382.2 19,033.6 — — — —

Pacific dogwood 1,524.4 714.6 — — 3,164.8 1,663.2 — — — —

Pacific madrone 472,377.2 52,680.2 4,485.3 4,081.3 641,595.7 60,959.8 — — 3,677.0 2,229.7

Quaking aspen 3,196.3 1,682.9 — — 15,847.9 6,225.9 1,238.6 1,235.6 233.8 202.0

Red alder 9,721.5 3,719.5 135.7 133.1 45,093.9 10,689.7 4,628.3 4,558.2 — —

Screwbean mesquite — — — — 377.3 380.7 — — — —

Tanoak 534,115.3 52,219.8 646.1 451.6 707,459.3 54,631.1 5,661.8 5,387.3 3,895.9 1,569.7

Walnut spp. — — — — 154.8 157.7 — — — —

Mesquite — — — — 3,579.0 2,770.1 — — — —

White alder 9,539.9 3,425.2 — — 38,652.2 11,856.6 — — 174.9 153.3

Total 3,190,124.7 128,011.4 24,977.6 6,982.2 4,830,823.4 152,018.9 39,729.0 12,656.2 39,382.3 10,016.1

Total, all species 6,790,292.3 230,613.1 80,447.9 14,304.0 24,891,695.1 604,839.6 3,942,695.0 399,287.0 352,122.4 41,961.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 50 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes gross volume of live trees ≥5 inches diameter at breast height with one or more damages recorded. Gross volume includes rotten, missing, and form cull volume. Table A2-123—Gross volume of live treesa with damage on forest land, by species and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
273

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010

Type of damage

Total forest land

Forest land with 

damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers

Forest type Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

Bigcone Douglas-fir 5 5 5 5 — — — — — —Bishop pine 22 11 16 9 — — — — — —

California mixed conifer 7,803 165 4,235 140 6 6 32 13 39 15

Coulter pine 28 12 9 7 — — — — — —Douglas-fir 1,054 71 505 52 24 12 — — 1 1

Foxtail pine/bristlecone pine 111 25 111 25 — — — — — —Grand fir 4 4 4 4 — — — — — —Incense cedar 1 1 1 1 — — 1 1 — —Jeffrey pine 912 70 427 49 10 7 13 9 5 6

Juniper woodland 402 49 125 28 — — — — — —Knobcone pine 52 18 11 8 — — — — — —

Limber pine 42 15 42 15 — — — — — —Lodgepole pine 1,018 73 845 67 — — 10 7 45 16

Misc. western softwoods 52 16 27 12 — — — — — —

Mountain hemlock 154 29 134 28 — — — — — —

Pinyon/juniper woodland 1,460 74 766 61 12 9 37 15 8 7

Ponderosa pine 1,301 82 455 50 15 6 14 8 1 1Port Orford cedar 29 13 13 9 — — — — — —Red fir 646 60 487 52 — — 16 10 17 10

Redwood 710 59 326 42 9 8 — — 4 5

Sitka spruce 38 15 17 9 — — — — — —Subalpine fir 1 1 — — — — — — — —Western hemlock 8 7 8 7 — — — — — —

Western juniper 1,535 83 747 63 22 11 — — — —

Western white pine 167 31 110 25 — — — — 6 6White fir 1,232 82 768 66 — — 29 13 24 12

Whitebark pine 226 35 177 31 — — — — — —

Total 19,019 205 10,378 196 98 23 151 29 158 31
274

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Total forest land Forest land with damage Animal Bark beetle Cankers Forest type Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Hardwoods: Aspen 75 19 48 16 10 7 — — — — Bigleaf maple 52 16 13 7 — — — — — — Blue oak 2,455 106 1,346 83 2 1 17 11 17 10 California black oak 1,486 90 779 67 — — — — 17 10 California laurel 312 41 128 27 — — — — — — California white oak 222 34 116 26 — — — — — —

Canyon live oak 2,311 111 1,155 80 11 8 — — — —

Coast live oak 953 63 593 52 4 3 — — 5 5Cottonwood 35 14 29 13 — — — — — —Cottonwood/willow 9 5 5 5 — — — — — —Eucalyptus 2 2 — — — — — — — —

Evergreen oak woodland 19 10 19 10 1 1 — — — —

Giant chinkapin 62 19 — — — — — — — —Gray pine 486 53 281 40 4 4 6 6 — —

Interior live oak 1,038 75 576 57 — — — — 5 5

Mesquite woodland 38 15 15 9 — — — — — —

Misc. woodland hardwoods 35 14 2 1 — — — — — —

Mountain brush woodland 379 46 206 34 8 6 5 5 — —

Oregon ash 8 7 — — — — — — — —Oregon white oak 573 56 334 44 — — — — 2 3

Pacific madrone 294 41 152 30 — — — — — —

Red alder 203 33 103 25 13 9 — — — —

Tanoak 1,650 89 817 67 11 8 — — — —

Willow 2 2 — — — — — — — —Other hardwoods 314 42 159 30 2 2 — — 7 6

Total 13,013 211 6,878 177 66 18 29 13 52 17

Nonstocked 783 64 159 30 5 4 — — — —

Total 32,815 201 17,415 241 168 30 179 32 210 35

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
275

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliar pathogen Stem decay

Forest type Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

Bigcone Douglas-fir — — — — — — — — — —

Bishop pine — — — — — — — — — —California mixed conifer 4 5 462 52 75 21 71 21 167 32

Coulter pine — — 6 6 — — — — — —Douglas-fir 17 10 2 2 1 1 — — 87 21

Foxtail pine/bristlecone pine — — — — — — — — 22 11

Grand fir — — — — — — — — — —Incense cedar — — — — — — — — — —Jeffrey pine 7 7 69 20 — — 5 6 7 7Juniper woodland — — — — 33 14 — — 6 6Knobcone pine — — — — — — — — 1 2

Limber pine — — — — — — — — 8 6Lodgepole pine — — 73 21 — — 22 12 1 1Misc. western softwoods — — — — — — — — — —Mountain hemlock — — 26 13 — — 11 8 1 1Pinyon/juniper woodland — — 151 29 15 10 — — 34 14

Ponderosa pine — — 66 19 — — — — 1 1Port Orford cedar — — — — — — — — 6 6Red fir — — 220 36 — — 53 18 — —

Redwood — — — — — — — — 6 7Sitka spruce — — 1 1 — — 1 1 — —Subalpine fir — — — — — — — — — —Western hemlock — — — — — — — — — —

Western juniper 14 9 5 6 80 22 40 15 147 29Western white pine — — 7 6 — — — — — —

White fir — — 133 28 18 10 6 6 12 8

Whitebark pine 6 6 — — — — — — 6 6

Total 48 17 1,221 83 223 36 210 35 513 54
276

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Defoliators Dwarf mistletoe Leafy mistletoe Foliar pathogen Stem decay Forest type Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Hardwoods: Aspen — — 4 5 — — — — 8 7 Bigleaf maple — — — — — — — — 7 4 Blue oak 80 22 45 16 141 29 — — 360 45 California black oak 28 13 5 6 42 15 2 2 187 34 California laurel — — — — — — 6 5 34 14 California white oak 13 8 8 7 14 9 — — 12 8 Canyon live oak 33 14 36 15 23 11 5 6 258 39 Coast live oak 21 11 6 6 13 8 1 1 233 35

Cottonwood — — — — — — — — 17 11

Cottonwood/willow — — — — — — — — — —

Eucalyptus — — — — — — — — — —

Evergreen oak woodland — — — — — — — — — —Giant chinkapin — — — — — — — — — —Gray pine 10 7 59 19 — — — — 37 15

Interior live oak 15 10 19 11 26 13 — — 161 30

Mesquite woodland — — — — — — — — — —Miscellaneous woodland 

hardwoods 

— — — — — — — — 2 1

Mountain brush woodland — — — — — — 6 6 5 5Oregon ash — — — — — — — — — —Oregon white oak 13 9 5 6 19 10 — — 48 16

Pacific madrone — — 5 5 — — — — 45 16

Red alder 4 5 — — — — — — — —Tanoak 23 12 — — — — — — 187 33

Willow — — — — — — — — — —

Other hardwoods — — — — 6 6 6 6 70 20

Total 240 37 193 33 284 40 26 11 1,673 95

Nonstocked 2 2 3 3 6 6 — — 5 6

Total 290 41 1,417 89 512 55 236 37 2,191 109

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)
277

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Type of damage

Other insects

Physical injury and 

defects Root disease Weather

Forest type Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

Bigcone Douglas-fir — — 5 5 — — — —Bishop pine — — 12 8 — — — —California mixed conifer 11 8 2,618 116 446 51 14 8Coulter pine — — 3 3 — — — —Douglas-fir — — 281 40 6 6 — —Foxtail pine/bristlecone pine — — 111 25 — — 12 9Grand fir — — 4 4 — — — —Incense cedar — — — — 1 1 — —Jeffrey pine 6 6 306 42 19 10 — —Juniper woodland — — 79 22 — — — —

Knobcone pine — — 4 5 — — — —Limber pine — — 23 11 — — 6 6Lodgepole pine — — 718 62 44 17 20 10

Miscellaneous western softwoods — — 21 10 — — — —

Mountain hemlock — — 125 27 5 5 5 5

Pinyon/juniper woodland 13 9 582 55 46 17 14 9

Ponderosa pine 3 3 274 39 44 16 — —

Port Orford cedar — — 13 9 — — — —

Red fir — — 274 40 96 24 4 5

Redwood — — 264 38 — — — —

Sitka spruce — — 16 9 — — — —

Subalpine fir — — — — — — — —

Western hemlock — — — — — — — —

Western juniper 12 9 506 53 — — 18 11

Western white pine — — 97 23 — — — —

White fir — — 529 55 192 33 — —

Whitebark pine — — 153 29 — — 22 11

Total 45 16 7,022 174 899 71 114 25
278

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Type of damage Other insects Physical injury and defects Root disease Weather Forest type Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Hardwoods: Aspen — — 35 14 — — 10 8 Bigleaf maple — — 7 6 — — — — Blue oak 11 8 895 69 — — — — California black oak — — 473 53 8 7 — — California laurel — — 81 21 — — — —

California white oak — — 77 21 — — — —Canyon live oak — — 814 68 9 7 14 9Coast live oak — — 466 47 — — — —Cottonwood — — 27 13 — — — —Cottonwood/willow 5 5 — — — — — —Eucalyptus — — — — — — — —Evergreen oak woodland — — 19 10 — — — —Giant chinkapin — — — — — — — —

Gray pine 6 6 187 33 — — — —

Interior live oak — — 333 44 7 6 — —

Mesquite woodland — — 15 9 — — — —

Misc. woodland hardwoods — — — — — — — —Mountain brush woodland — — 195 33 — — — —

Oregon ash — — — — — — — —

Oregon white oak 7 6 238 37 — — — —Pacific madrone — — 123 27 — — — —

Red alder — — 81 22 — — — —

Tanoak — — 526 55 — — — —

Willow — — — — — — — —Other hardwoods 6 6 121 27 — — 9 8

Total 35 14 4,713 153 24 12 34 14

Nonstocked 14 9 123 26 — — 6 6Total 94 24 11,858 221 922 72 154 30

Table A2-124—Area of forest land with more than 25 percent of basal area damaged, by forest type and type of damage, California, 2001–2010 (continued)Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 500 acres was estimated.
279

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-125—Total roundwood output by product, species group, and source of 

material, California, 2006

Source of material

Growing-stock trees

Product and species group Sawtimber Poletimber Other sources All sources

Thousand cubic feet

Sawlogs:

Softwood 249,174 924 35,405 285,503

Hardwood 0 0 68 68

Total 249,174 924 35,473 285,571

Veneer logs:

Softwood 26,000 96 1,459 27,555

Hardwood 0 0 0 0

Total 26,000 96 1,459 27,555

Pulpwood:

Softwood 0 0 0 0

Hardwood 0 0 0 0

Total 0 0 0 0

Composite panels:

Softwood 1,496 6 49 1,551

Hardwood 0 0 0 0

Total 1,496 6 49 1,551

Poles and posts:

Softwood 1,055 0 11 1,066

Hardwood 0 0 0 0

Total 1,055 0 11 1,066

Other miscellaneous:

Softwood 6 0 0 6

Hardwood 0 0 0 0

Total 6 0 0 6

Total industrial products:

Softwood 277,731 1,026 36,924 315,681

Hardwood 0 0 68 68

Total 277,731 1,026 36,992 315,749

Fuelwooda

:

Softwood 58,557 217 87,903 146,677

Hardwood 0 1 4,854 4,855

Total 58,557 218 92,757 151,532

All products:

Softwood 336,288 1,243 124,827 462,358

Hardwood 0 1 4,922 4,923

Total 336,288 1,244 129,749 467,281

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error. 

a Includes residential fuelwood consumption reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.

gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm?sid=US#Consumption 
280

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-126—Volume of timber removals by type of removal, source of material, species group, California, 2006

Source of material

Growing stock Other sources All sources

Removal type Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total

Thousand cubic feet

Roundwood products:

Saw logs 250,098 0 250,098 35,405 68 35,473 285,503 68 285,571

Veneer logs 26,096 0 26,096 1,459 0 1,459 27,555 0 27,555Pulpwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Composite products 1,502 0 1,502 49 0 49 1,551 0 1,551

Fuelwooda 58,774 1 58,775 87,903 4,854 92,757 146,677 4,855 151,532

Posts, poles, and pilings 1,055 0 1,055 11 0 11 1,066 0 1,066Miscellaneous products 6 0 6 0 0 0 6 0 6

Total 337,531 1 337,532 124,827 4,922 129,749 462,358 4,923 467,281

Logging residues 17,330 0 17,330 91,974 45 92,019 109,304 45 109,349

Total, all removals 354,861 1 354,862 216,801 4,967 221,768 571,662 4,968 576,630

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error. a Includes residential fuelwood consumption reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm?sid=US#Consumption 
281

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-127—Estimated area of forest land covered by the most abundant vascular plant nontimber forest 

products, by plant group and species, California, 2001–2010

Plant group and scientific name Common name Total SE

Tree seedlings and saplings: - - - - - - - - Acres - - - - - - - - 

Abies concolor White fir 130,071 5,434

Abies magnifica California red fir 44,545 3,444

Arbutus menziesii Pacific madrone 30,232 2,975

Calocedrus decurrens Incense cedar 104,686 6,117

Lithocarpus densiflorus Tanoak 315,007 17,294

Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir 135,729 6,682

Quercus kelloggii California black oak 90,067 8,789

Sequoia sempervirens Redwood 31,689 2,266

Shrubs:

Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon serviceberry 30,496 5,833

Arctostaphylos Manzanita 77,177 10,189

Arctostaphylos manzanita Whiteleaf manzanita 45,636 7,814

Arctostaphylos nevadensis Pinemat manzanita 120,376 12,771

Arctostaphylos patula Greenleaf manzanita 389,048 23,060

Arctostaphylos viscida Sticky whiteleaf manzanita 266,870 23,106

Artemisia tridentata Big sagebrush 249,510 15,135

Ceanothus Ceanothus 28,529 5,082

Ceanothus velutinus Snowbrush ceanothus 120,888 14,286

Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa 28,062 3,470

Corylus cornuta Beaked hazelnut 70,546 7,427

Gaultheria shallon Salal 106,523 13,004

Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray 46,552 5,739

Mahonia nervosa Cascade barberry 34,438 4,957

Quercus vacciniifolia Huckleberry oak 356,321 27,088

Rubus parviflorus Thimbleberry 29,620 5,046

Rubus spectabilis Salmonberry 31,673 9,974

Rubus ursinus California blackberry 58,534 7,973

Salix Willow 60,342 5,524

Symphoricarpos albus Common snowberry 30,752 3,945

Umbellularia californica California laurel 55,450 5,603

Vaccinium ovatum California huckleberry 304,289 22,272
282

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Plant group and scientific name Common name Total SE

Herbs: - - - - - - - - Acres - - - - - - - - 

Achillea millefolium Common yarrow 19,332 3,103

Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading dogbane 12,658 1,786

Arnica Arnica 4,354 1,382

Athyrium filix-femina Common ladyfern 13,294 2,581

Balsamorhiza sagittata Arrowleaf balsamroot 10,647 2,042

Blechnum spicant Deer fern 5,483 1,427

Claytonia perfoliata Miner’s lettuce 14,886 4,929

Clinopodium douglasii Yerba buena 3,621 1,006

Fragaria Strawberry 6,325 930

Polystichum munitum Western swordfern 234,691 19,159

Pteridium aquilinum Western brackenfern 137,884 9,745

Rubus Blackberry 28,067 4,851

Taraxacum Dandelion 12,962 4,299

Xerophyllum tenax Common beargrass 18,972 4,819

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error.

Table A2-127—Estimated area of forest land covered by the most abundant vascular plant nontimber forest 

products, by plant group and species, California, 2001–2010 (continued)

Table A2-128—Percentage of forested plots with selected lichen nontimber 

forest products present, by species, California, 2001–2005

Scientific name Common name Percent

Alectoria sarmentosa Witch’s hair lichen 13.5

Bryoria fremontii Old man’s beard 13.1

Letharia vulpina Wolf lichen 53.8

Lobaria pulmonaria Lungwort 6.9

Parmelia saxatilis Crottle 1.5

Ramalina menziesii Lace lichen 2.9

Usnea Beard lichens 38.2

Usnea hirta Beard lichen 1.1

Vulpicida canadensis Brown-eyed sunshine lichen 8.4

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error.

292 forested plots were sampled.
283

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-129—Estimated mean crown density and other statistics for live treesa on forest land, by species 

group, California, 2001–2010

Crown density

Species group Plots Trees Mean Minimum Maximum

- - - - - - - Number - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Percent - - - - - - - - - 

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 89 701 40 0 85

Incense cedar 51 302 39 5 80

Lodgepole pine 21 269 40 10 70

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 103 743 42 5 95

Redwood 11 155 35 5 70

Sugar pine 38 132 39 0 75

True fir 93 1,145 44 0 99

Western hemlock 3 9 49 40 70

Western white pine 16 68 42 15 65

Woodland softwoods 15 89 50 10 90

Other western softwoods 63 326 41 0 85

Total 503 3,939

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 4 38 39 10 85

Oak 152 1,949 35 0 85

Red alder 6 52 44 5 70

Woodland hardwoods 18 171 39 5 85

Other western hardwoods 72 956 36 0 85

Total 252 3,166

All species 755 7,105

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error. 

a

 Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
284

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-130—Estimated mean foliage transparency and other statistics for live treesa on forest land, by 

species group, California, 2001–2010

Foliage transparency 

Species group Plots Trees Mean Minimum Maximum

- - - - - - - Number- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Percent - - - - - - - - - -

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 89 701 19 0 70

Incense cedar 51 302 19 5 40

Lodgepole pine 21 269 19 5 55

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 103 743 22 5 70

Redwood 11 155 22 10 45

Sugar pine 38 132 19 5 35

True fir 93 1,145 17 0 99

Western hemlock 3 9 17 15 20

Western white pine 16 68 17 10 30

Woodland softwoods 15 89 19 5 30

Other western softwoods 63 326 19 5 85

Total 503 3,939

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 4 38 30 5 60

Oak 152 1,949 24 5 99

Red alder 6 52 30 15 60

Woodland hardwoods 18 171 26 15 80

Other western hardwoods 72 956 23 5 99

Total 252 3,166

All species 755 7,105

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error. 

a

 Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
285

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-131—Estimated mean crown dieback and other statistics for live treesa on forest land, by species 

group, California, 2001–2010

 Crown dieback

Species group Plots Trees Mean Minimum Maximum

- - - - - - - Number- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Percent - - - - - - - - - -

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 89 701 1.1 0 90

Incense cedar 51 302 1.8 0 90

Lodgepole pine 21 269 3.1 0 45

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 103 743 1.5 0 80

Redwood 11 155 2.6 0 60

Sugar pine 38 132 1.7 0 50

True fir 93 1,145 2.2 0 99

Western hemlock 3 9 0.0 0 0

Western white pine 16 68 3.7 0 20

Woodland softwoods 15 89 4.8 0 40

Other western softwoods 63 326 2.5 0 95

Total 503 3,939

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 4 38 8.9 0 95

Oak 152 1,949 5.5 0 99

Red alder 6 52 3.1 0 90

Woodland hardwoods 18 171 11.9 0 80

Other western hardwoods 72 956 2.8 0 99

Total 252 3,166

All species 755 7,105

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error. 

a

 Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing stock, rough cull, and rotten cull tree classes.
286

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-132—Estimated area of forest land covered by selected nonnative vascular plant species and 

number of sample plotsa, by life form and species, California, 2001–2010

Area covered

Life form Scientific name Common name Total SE Number of plots

- - - - - - - Acres - - - - - - -

Shrubs

Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom 9,504 4,349 19

Erica lusitanica Spanish heath 4,480 1,579 34

Genista monspessulana French broom 3,710 1,816 9

Rubus armeniacus Himalayan blackberry 42,016 6,861 101

Rubus laciniatus Cutleaf blackberry 1,645 789 7

Forbs

Carduus pycnocephalus Italian plumeless thistle 4,338 1,502 17

Centaurea solstitialis Yellow star-thistle 22,476 4,402 84

Cirsium Thistle 26,502 3,690 295

Cirsium arvense Canada thistle 2,660 1,553 10

Cirsium vulgare Bull thistle 2,547 690 42

Digitalis purpurea Purple foxglove 1,027 680 7

Hypericum perforatum Common St. Johnswort 2,535 687 51

Hypochaeris radicata Hairy cat’s ear 1,150 595 23

Torilis arvensis Spreading hedgeparsley 87,833 8,743 276

Grasses

Aira caryophyllea Silver hairgrass 7,754 1,897 38

Arundo donax Giant reed 1,555 896 8

Avena barbata Slender oat 19,412 4,693 31

Avena fatua Wild oat 42,575 9,109 55

Briza maxima Big quakinggrass 19,393 6,623 36

Bromus diandrus Ripgut brome 111,163 13,230 202

Bromus hordeaceus Soft brome 84,514 11,845 128

Bromus madritensis Compact brome 14,954 3,547 46

Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass 185,304 13,273 630

Cynosurus echinatus Bristly dogstail grass 123,435 12,907 227

Taeniatherum caput-medusae Medusahead 64,487 9,384 135

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error. Estimates are likely low for all species because only plants present at > 3 percent cover 

on a subplot were recorded, and because most grasses and some forbs can be difficult to identify to species outside of their short flowering seasons. 

a

 Total number of sample plots with accessible forest land was 5,575.
287

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-133—Mean cover of understory vegetation on forest land, by forest type group and life form, 

California 2001–2010

Life form

Seedlings + 

saplings Shrubs Forbs Graminoids

All 

understory 

plants Bare soil

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Percent

Softwoods:

California mixed conifer 6.1 0.2 17.2 0.5 5.4 0.2 3.4 0.2 30.6 0.6 3.9 0.2

Douglas-fir 8.6 0.6 24.9 1.5 9.6 1.0 5.8 0.7 45.3 1.8 2.8 0.4

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 3.3 0.2 17.0 1.1 6.5 0.5 3.0 0.3 28.4 1.2 4.2 0.4

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 1.7 0.4 23.6 4.9 28.2 7.4 9.7 3.7 56.6 12.4 1.3 0.9

Lodgepole pine 3.4 0.3 12.1 1.3 8.4 0.8 10.4 1.0 31.8 1.8 4.9 0.6

Other western softwoods 1.8 0.2 14.2 0.9 6.7 0.4 14.3 0.8 34.9 1.2 10.4 0.7

Pinyon/juniper 0.9 0.1 17.6 0.7 4.5 0.4 8.1 0.6 29.5 1.0 12.7 0.8

Ponderosa pine 2.9 0.2 23.3 1.1 6.4 0.4 7.9 0.5 38.7 1.2 4.6 0.3

Redwood 7.4 0.6 24.4 1.9 19.4 1.8 3.6 0.5 50.2 2.1 2.0 0.4

Western white pine 6.5 2.5 14.6 3.7 7.9 1.6 4.6 0.9 32.1 4.5 8.8 3.0

Total 4.5 0.1 18.0 0.3 6.7 0.2 6.1 0.2 33.4 0.4 5.5 0.2

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 6.1 1.0 36.1 3.8 20.6 2.9 3.4 0.8 59.3 3.7 1.6 0.5

Aspen/birch 13.4 2.9 23.9 3.8 11.1 2.3 9.5 1.6 54.1 6.8 3.0 1.0

Elm/ash/cottonwood 3.1 1.3 38.8 7.0 7.4 2.8 29.2 6.7 68.7 6.2 4.6 2.6

Exotic hardwoods 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0

Other hardwoods 7.8 0.9 20.2 2.1 9.2 1.0 17.0 2.4 50.3 2.7 5.9 1.2

Tanoak/laurel 11.3 0.6 19.4 1.1 7.9 0.6 3.5 0.5 40.0 1.3 2.7 0.3

Western oak 3.9 0.1 20.2 0.5 13.4 0.4 28.1 0.7 58.5 0.7 3.5 0.2

Woodland hardwoods 2.3 0.5 19.0 1.8 6.1 0.8 9.2 1.4 35.3 2.5 14.0 2.4

Total 5.3 0.2 20.4 0.5 12.2 0.3 22.5 0.5 54.4 0.6 3.9 0.2

Nonstocked 1.2 0.2 27.0 2.2 9.5 1.1 11.1 1.4 46.3 2.4 12.8 1.5

All forest types 4.7 0.1 19.2 0.3 8.9 0.2 12.7 0.2 42.0 0.3 5.0 0.1

Chaparral on national forest 0.4 0.1 37.3 1.8 4.1 0.4 3.9 0.4 44.3 2.0 5.6 0.5

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error.
288

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-134—Mean of understory vegetation by forest type class, age class group, and lifeform, California 

2001–2010

Lifeform

Forest type classa Seedlings + 

saplings Shrubs Forbs Graminoids

All understory 

plants Bare soil

Age class group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Percent

Dry conifer:

0–19 1.7 0.2 27.0 1.8 8.9 0.9 11.3 1.2 46.2 2.0 12.3 1.3

20–39 3.1 0.6 32.7 2.8 6.8 1.0 10.4 1.7 49.1 3.0 6.3 1.1

40–79 2.5 0.3 19.7 1.1 6.7 0.5 11.4 0.8 38.7 1.3 9.4 0.7

80–159 2.1 0.2 16.0 0.6 6.0 0.3 10.4 0.5 32.6 0.9 8.5 0.5

160+ 1.8 0.2 12.0 0.9 6.2 0.6 6.7 0.6 25.2 1.3 6.9 0.7

All ages 2.1 0.1 18.4 0.5 6.6 0.2 10.1 0.3 35.3 0.6 8.8 0.3

Wet conifer:

0–19 7.1 0.8 28.6 3.1 12.5 1.7 11.9 2.0 54.9 3.6 9.5 1.7

20–39 7.0 0.7 30.1 2.1 11.5 1.4 4.7 0.8 49.7 2.4 4.4 0.8

40–79 6.0 0.3 20.1 0.9 6.4 0.4 3.6 0.2 34.4 1.0 3.6 0.2

80–159 5.7 0.2 15.4 0.6 6.6 0.3 3.6 0.2 29.4 0.7 3.4 0.2

160+ 5.7 0.3 18.5 1.0 6.5 0.4 2.4 0.2 31.4 1.1 3.6 0.3

All ages 5.9 0.2 18.3 0.4 6.9 0.2 3.6 0.1 32.9 0.5 3.7 0.1

Dry hardwood:

0–19 8.3 0.7 27.5 1.9 14.9 1.4 24.0 2.1 66.7 1.9 6.7 1.0

20–39 6.2 0.6 23.8 1.5 12.1 1.0 22.4 1.8 58.5 1.7 2.8 0.3

40–79 5.4 0.2 20.8 0.8 10.0 0.5 18.2 0.9 49.7 1.1 3.3 0.2

80–159 4.1 0.2 18.0 0.7 13.3 0.5 27.3 0.9 55.9 0.9 3.9 0.3

160+ 7.5 1.0 12.9 1.4 8.1 1.4 11.1 2.2 37.4 2.7 6.0 1.2

All ages 5.2 0.2 20.0 0.5 12.0 0.3 22.9 0.6 54.2 0.6 3.9 0.2

Wet hardwood:

0–19 10.3 2.6 24.2 6.2 10.9 3.4 12.3 6.7 52.1 8.1 2.6 1.8

20–39 9.1 2.3 41.2 6.4 27.7 5.2 4.7 1.6 70.5 5.1 1.2 0.5

40–79 5.6 1.3 36.5 3.7 13.0 2.1 10.5 2.9 60.8 3.7 2.3 0.8

80–159 6.7 1.3 23.2 6.4 12.8 3.8 6.7 2.5 46.3 8.9 3.3 2.0

160+ 3.9 0.5 13.5 5.0 5.6 1.9 5.9 1.0 28.2 5.2 6.0 3.0

All ages 7.1 1.0 34.1 2.9 16.9 2.1 8.1 1.5 59.6 3.0 2.3 0.5

All classes:

0–19 5.2 0.4 27.4 1.2 11.9 0.7 16.5 1.1 55.8 1.3 9.5 0.7

20–39 6.0 0.4 27.5 1.1 11.8 0.7 15.7 1.1 55.5 1.3 3.7 0.3

40–79 5.0 0.2 20.6 0.5 8.2 0.3 11.8 0.5 42.5 0.7 4.6 0.2

80–159 4.2 0.1 16.6 0.4 9.1 0.3 14.6 0.4 40.7 0.5 4.8 0.2

160+ 4.7 0.2 15.7 0.6 6.6 0.3 4.8 0.4 30.2 0.8 4.9 0.3

All ages 4.7 0.1 19.2 0.3 8.9 0.2 12.7 0.2 42.0 0.3 5.0 0.1

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error.

a Dry conifer includes the pinyon/juniper; ponderosa, western white, and lodgepole pines; other softwoods, mixed conifer, and nonstocked forest type 

groups. Wet conifer includes the Douglas-fir, fir /spruce/mountain hemlock, hemlock/Sitka spruce, and redwood forest type groups. Dry hardwood 

includes the western oak, tanoak/laurel, other hardwoods, and exotic forest type groups. Wet hardwood includes the elm/ash/cottonwood, aspen/birch, 

and alder/maple forest type groups.
289

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-135—Summary of lichen community indicator species richness on forest land, by location, 

California, 1998–2001, 2003

Location

Parameter California

Greater Central 

Valley

Greater Sierra 

Nevada

Northwest 

Coasta

Number of plotsb 288 76 133 68

Number of plots by lichen species richness category:

0 to 6 species 61 7 43 3

7 to 15 species 141 41 67 31

16 to 25 species 62 19 18 24

>25 species 24 9 5 10

Median 12 13 9 16

Range of species richness per plot (low–high) 0–39 2–31 0–34 1–39

Average lichen species richness per plot (alpha diversity) 12.59 14.38 9.87 17.21

Standard deviation of lichen species richness per plot 7.97 6.82 7.06 8.05

Species turnover rate (beta diversity)c 16.52 9.11 16.92 9.36

Total number of species per area (gamma diversity) 208 131 167 161

a

 The Northwest Coast borders the Greater Central Valey and covers northwestern California.

b Plot totals do not include quality assurance surveys or plots without lichens present.

c Beta diversity is calculated as gamma diversity divided by alpha diversity.

Table A2-136—Summary of lichen community indicator climate index parameters on forest land, for the 

moisture gradient of Jovan and McCune’s (2004) model, California, 1998–2001, 2003

Parameter Total

 Greater Central 

Valleya Greater Sierra Nevadaa Northwest Coastb

Number of plots surveyedc 264 76 121 67

Number of plots by climate index categoryd

:

Wettest (-2.28 to -0.71) 66 5 16 45

Wet (-0.71 to 0.13) 66 11 39 16

Dry (0.13 to 0.89) 68 25 40 3

Driest (0.89 to 2.22) 64 35 26 3

Climate index extremes -2.28 to 2.22 -1.17 to 2.22 -2.20 to 2.13 -2.28 to 1.57

Average score on climate index 0.08 0.77 0.21 -0.92

Standard deviation on climate index 1.04 0.83 0.82 0.83

a The greater Central Valley (GCV) and greater Sierra Nevada are mapped in figure 7.

b The Northwest Coast borders the GCV and covers northwestern California.

c

 Plot totals do not include quality assurance surveys or plots without lichens present.

d Categories are based on data quartiles.
290

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913

Table A2-137—Summary of lichen community indicator climate index parameters on forest land, for the 

temperature gradient of Jovan and McCune’s (2004) model. California, 1998–2001, 2003

Parameter Total

Greater Central 

Valleya Greater Sierra Nevadaa Northwest Coastb

Number of plots surveyedc 264 76 121 67

Number of plots by climate index categoryd

:

Warmest (-2.59 to -1.04) 67 44 6 17

Warm (-1.04 to 0.01) 65 25 15 25

Cool (0.01 to 0.87) 66 5 43 18

Coolest (0.87 to 2.14) 66 2 57 7

Climate index extremes -2.59 to 2.14 -2.59 to 2.10 -2.07 to 2.14 -2.46 to 1.27

Average score on climate index -0.02 -0.96 0.73 -0.32

Standard deviation on climate index 1.13 0.79 0.88 0.92

a

 The greater Central Valley (GCV) and greater Sierra Nevada are mapped in figure 7.

b

 The Northwest Coast borders the GCV and covers northwestern California.

c

 Plot totals do not include quality assurance surveys or plots without lichens present.

d

 Categories are based on data quartiles.

Table A2-138—Summary of lichen community indicator air quality index parameters on forest 

land, by type of parameter, Greater Central Valley, California, 1998–2001, 2003

Parameter

Greater 

Central Valley On-framea Off-frameb

Number of plots surveyedc 108 76 32

Number of plots by air quality index category:d

1 (Worst) : -0.99 to 0.13 45 19 26

2: 0.13 to 0.55 23 19 4

3: 0.55 to 0.85 22 20 2

4 (Best): 0.85 to 1.58 18 18 0

Air quality index extremes -0.99 to 1.58 -0.86 to 1.58 -0.99 to 0.70 

Average score on air quality index 0.28 0.52 -0.27

Standard deviation on air quality index 0.61 0.50 0.46

a On-frame plots are on the Forest Inventory and Analysis sampling grid.

b Off-frame plots were located in cities, agricultural areas, and/or near air quality monitors.

c

 Plot totals do not include quality assurance surveys or plots without lichens present.

d

 Categories are based on the data quartiles for on-frame data.
291

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-139—Summary of lichen community indicator air quality index parameters on forest 

land, by type of parameter, Greater Sierra Nevada, California, 1998–2001, 2003

Parameter

Greater Sierra 

Nevada On-framea Off-frameb

Number of plots surveyedc 146 122 24

Number of plots by air quality index category:d

1 (Best): -43.36 to -15.88 35 31 4

2: -15.88 to -8.22 31 30 1

3: -8.22 to 4.35 33 30 3

4 (Worst): 4.35 to 66.49 47 31 16

Air quality index extremes -43.36 to 66.49 -43.36 to 66.49 -32.38 to 41.61

Average score on air quality index -2.77 -5.13 10.27

Standard deviation on air quality index 19.28 18.32 19.60

a On-frame plots are on the Forest Inventory and Analysis sampling grid.

b Off-frame plots were located in cities, agricultural areas, and/or near air quality monitors.

c

 Plot totals do not include quality assurance surveys or plots without lichens present.

d

 Categories are based on the data quartiles for on-frame data.
292

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913 Table A2-140—Ozone injury summary information from ozone biomonitoring plots, by year, California, 2000–2009 Year of monitoring Ozone biomonitoring plots 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 All years Number of plots 22 29 61 65 65 65 66 65 62 66 566 Number of plots with injury 6 11 19 16 21 23 24 21 21 20 182 Number of plots by biosite index categorya (percentage of plots): 0 to 4.9 (least injured) 81.8 82.8 85.2 86.2 87.7 73.8 69.7 89.2 87.1 84.8 82.9 5.0 to 14.9 4.5 6.9 11.5 10.8 4.6 4.6 15.2 6.2 8.1 10.6 8.7 15 to 24.9 0 3.4 1.6 1.5 4.6 6.2 3 1.5 3.2 1.5 2.8 ≥25 (most injured) 13.6 6.9 1.6 1.5 3.1 15.4 12.1 3.1 1.6 3 5.7

Average biosite index score 6.7 3.4 2.2 2.4 2.6 9.8 7.8 4.5 2.6 3.1 4.5

Average number of species per plot 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.3

Number of plants evaluated 1,078 1,486 3,813 4,279 4,329 4,118 4,514 4,794 4,447 4,760 37,618

Number of plants injured 98 114 177 119 135 254 185 100 106 88 1376

Number of plants evaluated by species:

Blue elderberry 100 133 452 498 403 279 349 401 347 342 3304California black oak 43 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56

Evening primrose 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 90 30 30 180

Jeffrey pine 161 330 394 480 566 563 570 630 466 552 4,712

Mountain snowberry 170 204 612 772 720 700 754 835 805 795 6,367

Mugwort 120 187 599 600 602 675 780 786 660 706 5,715

Pacific ninebark 0 0 30 30 22 30 30 30 45 46 263

Ponderosa pine 325 428 979 1,011 1,109 1,067 1,033 972 1,104 1,098 9,126Quaking aspen 159 166 228 288 322 313 348 390 360 340 2,914

Red alder 0 0 112 120 120 90 90 90 90 60 772

Red elderberry 0 0 30 30 47 30 30 30 30 30 257

Scouler’s willow 0 25 100 90 60 90 120 120 120 120 845

Skunk bush 0 0 247 270 328 251 350 360 360 330 2,496

Spreading dogbane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 251 251

Western wormwood 0 0 30 90 30 30 30 60 30 60 360

a The biosite index is based on the average injury score (amount X severity) for each species averaged across all species on the plot. Biosite categories represent a relative measure of tree-level response to ambient ozone exposure.
293

California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Table A2-141—Forest land area on which evidence of fire was observed, by year and ecosection group, California, 1995–2009

Ecosection group

Northern Interior West Central Sierra Coast

Southern 

California

Year Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Acres

Land with evidence of fire:

1995 177,206 32,254 59,264 19,014 1,118 1,095 103,018 24,581 6,488 6,423 7,318 5,669

1996 119,966 26,459 45,351 16,095 1,093 979 61,685 19,327 — — 11,836 8,171

1997 106,331 25,179 22,645 11,913 22,457 11,465 53,340 17,859 — — 7,889 6,453

1998 104,663 24,503 39,642 15,319 18,850 9,902 34,323 13,949 — — 11,848 8,5491999 241,807 38,066 104,990 24,862 16,449 9,183 85,924 23,198 10,200 8,119 24,245 11,9512000 216,994 35,889 71,015 21,127 30,085 12,022 85,824 22,865 — — 30,070 13,3012001 233,523 39,039 120,206 28,188 2,406 2,261 88,837 24,087 — — 22,074 12,080

2002 275,573 45,301 37,416 16,726 9,188 8,230 181,684 36,603 — — 47,284 19,181

2003 204,764 40,857 43,115 19,154 — — 45,720 18,992 47,594 20,810 68,335 22,598

2004 189,022 42,840 100,134 30,534 1,514 1,524 56,681 24,111 — — 30,693 17,9132005 131,126 40,133 9,014 11,085 31,949 19,614 41,405 21,877 — — 48,758 24,9882006 185,864 51,964 79,598 33,337 1,543 1,450 47,387 27,622 — — 57,336 28,702

2007 325,367 79,036 22,261 21,843 42,195 29,561 108,127 45,838 18,617 19,093 112,850 44,776

2008 1,226,524 191,016 838,415 157,114 125,206 61,437 230,926 84,776 — — — —

2009 — — — — — — — — — — — —

Average 249,249 16,159 106,204 11,672 20,270 5,009 81,659 8,255 5,527 2,005 32,036 5,009

Note: Estimates subject to sampling error; SE = sampling error; — = less than 500 acres was estimated.
GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-913
California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

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