2007/2008 2008National Listing of Fish Advisories 

Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

EPA-823-F-09-007

September 2009

The 2008 NLFA is available online at

www.epa.gov/fishadvisories

Since 1993, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has made 

available to the public an annual compendium of information on locally 

issued fish advisories and safe eating guidelines. This information is provided 

to EPA by the states, U.S. territories, Native American tribes, and local 

governments that issue fish consumption advisories and safe eating guidelines 

to inform people about the recommended level of consumption for fish 

caught in local waters. Fish consumption advisories provide advice to limit or 

avoid eating certain fish due to contamination with chemical pollutants. Safe 

eating guidelines are designations of monitored waters where there is no 

restriction on eating specific types of fish. The 2008 National Listing 

of Fish Advisories (NLFA)1

 database shows that the number of fish 

advisories issued continues to rise.

Background 

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, 

the U.S. territories of American Samoa 

and Guam, and five Native American 

tribes (for simplicity, referred to here as 

“states”) have fish consumption advisories in place to protect their residents 

from the potential health risks of eating 

contaminated fish caught in local waters. 

The states have developed their own fish 

advisory programs over the years, and 

there is variability among states in the 

scope and extent of monitoring and in 

the specific advice that is provided when 

contaminated fish are found. Because of 

this variability, it is difficult to draw national conclusions or to establish national 

trends in fish advisories.

A fish consumption advisory is not a 

regulation, but rather a recommendation 

issued to help protect public health. These 

advisories may include recommendations 

to limit or avoid eating certain fish and 

wildlife species caught from specific water 

bodies or from water-body types (e.g., 

all lakes) due to chemical contamination. An advisory may be issued for the 

general public, including recreational and 

subsistence fishers, or it may be issued 

specifically for sensitive populations, such 

as pregnant women, nursing mothers, and 

children.

An advisory for a specific water body or 

water-body type may cover more than one 

affected fish species or chemical 

1 The NLFA fact sheet was produced annually through the EPA 2004 National Listing of Fish Advisories 

report. In 2005, EPA decided to release subsequent fact sheets on a biennial basis because of nominal 

changes in data from year to year. This fact sheet summarizes data submitted by the states and discusses 

changes in data for the 2008 data reporting cycle. Advisory data for the 2007 reporting cycle and previous 

years can be found on the EPA Web site at www.epa.gov/fishadvisories.
2008 Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

2

contaminant. Because of the wide range in the 

number of lake acres and river miles affected 

by one advisory, the number of advisories does 

not tell the full story of the geographic extent of 

waters subject to state advice. Therefore, EPA also 

provides information about the total lake acres 

and total river miles for which advisories are currently in effect (Figure 1). 

States are increasingly issuing statewide advisories 

to warn the public of the potential human health 

risks from chemical contamination of certain 

species of fish from all water bodies within the 

state. States are also continuing to issue safe eating guidelines to inform the public that fish from 

specific water bodies have been tested for chemical contaminants and that, based on those results, 

certain species of fish from those water bodies 

are safe to eat without consumption restrictions. 

As states increase their monitoring activities, 

the quantity of available information about fish 

contamination also increases, resulting in better 

public health protection.

National Listing of Fish Advisories Web Site

The NLFA Web site (www.epa.gov/fishadvisories) includes information about the species and size of fish under advisory, the chemical contaminants identified in the advisory, the location of the 

water body, and the population for whom the advisory was issued. 

The NLFA Web site also includes data on the concentrations of 

contaminants in fish tissue for 49 states/territories/tribes. Through 

this Web site, users can generate national, regional, and state maps 

that summarize advisory information.

Synopsis of the 2008 National Listing of Fish 

Advisories 

EPA’s 2008 National Listing of Fish Advisories indicates that the 

number of advisories increased by 397 since 2006, bringing the 

total number of advisories in effect from 3,852 in 2006 to 4,249 

in 2008. Approximately 18 million lake acres and 1.4 million river 

miles were under advisory in 2008, representing 43 percent of 

the nation’s total lake acreage and 39 percent of the nation’s total 

river miles. From 2006 to 2008, the number of lake acres under 

advisory increased by 18 percent, and the number of river miles 

increased by 52 percent. 

The increase in lake acres and river miles under advisory from 

2006 to 2008 can be attributed primarily to the issuance of several 

new statewide advisories. A statewide advisory is issued to warn the 

public of potential contamination of certain types of fish in specific 

types of water bodies across the state, resulting in the designation 

of all river miles and/or lake acres in the state as under advisory. 

Four states (Delaware, Idaho, Oregon, and Wyoming) issued 

new statewide advisories for all freshwaters in 2007 and 2008. As 

shown in Figure 2, 38 states had statewide advisories in effect in 

2008.

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Percent of Total Miles or Acres

River Miles

Lake Acres

Figure 1 shows the percentage of total lake acres and river miles under advisory from 1993 to 

2008.
2008 Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

3

Safe Eating Guidelines

EPA encourages states to issue safe eating guidelines when providing advisory information to inform the public that certain species 

of fish from specific bodies of water have been tested and have been 

shown to contain very low levels of contaminants. The states help 

promote recreational fishing by identifying monitored waters where 

designated fish are safe to eat without consumption restrictions. 

The total number of safe eating guidelines increased from 20 in 

1993 to 1,247 in 2006, but dropped to 874 in 2008. In 2008, safe 

eating guidelines were in effect in 22 states, covering approximately 

53,728 river miles (2 percent of the national total) and 2.3 million 

lake acres (8 percent of the national total). These river-mile and 

lake-acre figures represent decreases of 42,897 river miles and nearly 3 million lake acres since 2006. Although several states issued a 

total of 120 new guidelines between 2006 and 2008, the overall 

geographic area covered by these guidelines decreased because one 

state rescinded almost 500 guidelines in the past 2 years.

Figure 2 shows the states with statewide advisories in effect in 2008.

Bioaccumulative Contaminants 

Although there are advisories in the United States for 34 different 

chemical contaminants, 97 percent of all advisories in effect in 

2008 involved the following five bioaccumulative chemical contaminants: mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlordane, 

dioxins, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (Figures 3 

and 4, Table 1). These chemical contaminants accumulate in the 

tissues of aquatic organisms at concentrations many times higher 

than concentrations in the water and can persist for many years 

in sediments, where bottom-dwelling organisms that are lower on 

the food chain can accumulate them and pass them to fish that 

are higher on the food chain. As a result, top predators in a food 

chain (e.g., largemouth bass, walleye) may have concentrations of 

bioaccumulative contaminants in their tissues that are significantly 

higher than the concentrations found in the water.

As of 2008, 50 states, one U.S. territory, and three tribes have 

issued mercury advisories. Eighty percent of all advisories in effect 

in 2008 were issued, at least in part, because of mercury. In 2008, 

HI

AK

AS

Guam Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands

No Statewide

Freshwater Advisories

Statewide Advisories

 for Freshwater

Statewide Advisories

 for Lakes

Statewide Coastal 

 Advisories

DC 

MA = 77

RI 2

CT = 2

NJ 04

DE

MD = 7

Legend
2008 Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

4

there were 16.8 million lake acres and 1.3 million river miles under 

advisory for mercury. This represents an increase from 2006 of 19 

percent for lake acres and 42 percent for river miles. The increase 

in the area under advisory was largely driven by the new statewide 

mercury advisories in Idaho, Oregon, and Wyoming. 

Other Bioaccumulative Contaminants

PCBs: Between 2006 and 2008, lake acres under advisory for 

PCBs increased by 29 percent, and river miles under advisory 

decreased by 1.5 percent. 

Chlordane: All registered uses of the pesticide chlordane were 

banned in the United States in 1988, and the compound continues 

to degrade in the environment. Between 2006 and 2008, lake acres 

under advisory for chlordane decreased by 1 percent, and river 

miles under advisory decreased by 8 percent.

Dioxins: Between 2006 and 2008, lake acres under advisory for 

dioxin decreased by 7 percent, and river miles under advisory 

decreased by 11 percent. 

DDT: The use of DDT, an organochlorine pesticide, has been 

banned in the United States since 1975. Lake acres and river miles 

under advisory for DDT both increased less than 1 percent from 

2006 to 2008. 

Other Contaminants: Three percent of all fish advisories are 

caused solely by other contaminants, including organochlorine 

pesticides, heavy metals, and contaminants of emerging concern 

such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). In 2008, approximately 

2.6 million lake acres and 243,534 river miles were under advisory 

for other contaminants.

 Wildlife Advisories 

In 2008, five states had a total of 6 wildlife advisories in effect, 

down from 12 advisories in 2006. New York had a statewide advisory for waterfowl, and Maine had a statewide advisory for moose 

liver and kidney. Massachusetts and Rhode Island had specific 

water body advisories for frogs and turtles, while Utah had two 

advisories for ducks.

Figure 3 shows the total lake acres under advisory for mercury, PCBs, chlordane, dioxins, DDT and other contaminants 

from 1993 to 2008.

0 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 10,000,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 16,000,000 18,000,000

Other

DDT

Dioxins

Chlordane

PCBs

Mercury

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

Lake Acres Under Advisory
2008 Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

5

Contaminant Number of Advisories Lake Acres River Miles

2006 2008 2006 2008 2006 2008

Mercury 3,080 3,361 14,177,175 16,808,032 882,963 1,254,893

PCBs 1,023 1,025 4,699,936 6,049,506 132,228 130,248

Chlordane 105 67 847,771 842,913 58,668 54,029

Dioxins 125 123 38,181 35,400 2,315 2,055

DDT 84 76 876,175 876,520 69,021 69,198

Table 1. Number of advisories and lake acres and river miles under advisory in 2006 

and 2008 for each contaminant.

Figure 4 shows the total river miles under advisory for mercury, PCBs, chlordane, dioxins, DDT and other contaminants 

from 1993 to 2008.

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 1,400,000

Other

DDT

Dioxins

Chlordane

PCBs

Mercury

River Miles Under Advisory
2008 Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

6

National Advice Concerning 

Mercury in Fish 

In 2004, EPA and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued advice for women who might become 

pregnant, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children. 

(The national advice is not included in the statistics presented in this fact sheet.) The following advice from EPA 

and FDA is still in effect:

By adhering to the following three recommendations for 

selecting and eating fish or shellfish, women and young 

children will receive the health benefits of eating fish and 

shellfish and be confident that they have reduced their 

exposure to the harmful effects of mercury:

•	 Do not eat shark, swordfish, king mackerel, or tilefish

because they contain high levels of mercury. 

•	 Eat up to 12 ounces (two average meals) each week of a

variety of fish and shellfish that are lower in mercury. 

− Five of the most commonly consumed fish that 

are low in mercury are shrimp; canned, light tuna; 

salmon; pollock; and catfish. 

− Albacore (“white”) tuna is another commonly 

consumed fish that has more mercury than canned, 

light tuna. Eat up to 6 ounces (one average meal) of 

albacore tuna per week. 

•	 Check local advisories about the safety of fish caught by

family and friends in local lakes, rivers, and coastal areas. 

If no advice is available, eat up to 6 ounces (one average 

meal) per week of fish caught from local waters, but do 

not consume any other fish during that week. 

Follow these same recommendations when including fish 

and shellfish in a young child’s diet, but serve smaller portions.

For more information about the ways to reduce mercury 

exposure, consult EPA’s brochure, What You Need to Know 

About Mercury in Fish and Shellfish, which is available in 

several languages on EPA’s NLFA Web site at www.epa.gov/

fishadvisories. 

El pescado y el marisco son una parte 

importante de una dieta saludable. El pescado 

y el marisco contienen proteínas de alta 

calidad y otros nutrientes esenciales que son 

bajos en grasas saturadas y contienen ácidos 

grasos omega-3. Una dieta bien equilibrada 

que incluya pescados y mariscos variados 

puede contribuir a la salud cardiaca, y al c 

recimiento y desarrollo adecuado de los niños. 

Por tanto, las mujeres y los niños pequeños en 

particular deben incluir pescados o mariscos 

en sus dietas debido a sus muchos beneficios 

nutricionales. 

Sin embargo, casi todos los pescados y 

mariscos contienen algunos rastros de 

mercurio. Para muchas personas, el riesgo 

del mercurio proveniente del pescado y del 

marisco no es una preocupación de salud. 

No obstante, algunos pescados y mariscos 

contienen altos niveles de mercurio que 

pueden perjudicar a los fetos o el sistema 

nervioso en vías de desarrollo de un niño 

pequeño. Los riesgos del mercurio en el 

pescado y el marisco dependen de la cantidad 

de pescado y marisco que se coma, y de los 

niveles del mercurio en el pescado y el 

marisco. Por lo tanto, la Administración de 

Alimentos y Medicamentos (FDA, por sus 

siglas en inglés) y la Agencia de Protección 

Ambiental (EPA, por sus siglas en inglés) 

aconsejan a las mujeres en edad fértil, a las 

mujeres embarazadas, a las madres lactantes 

y a los niños pequeños que eviten comer 

algunos tipos de pescado, y que coman 

pescados y mariscos bajos en mercurio. 

Para más información sobre los riesgos del mercurio 

en el pescado y los mariscos, llame a la línea de 

información gratuita de la Administración de 

Alimentos y Medicamentos de los EE.UU. en el 

1-888-SAFEFOOD o visite el sitio Web de la FDA 

sobre la seguridad de los alimentos. 

Para más información sobre la seguridad de los 

pescados y mariscos capturados localmente visite el 

sitio Web de la EPA para ver los avisos de pesca o 

comuníquese con el departamento de salud local de 

su estado. Para más información en inglés sobre las 

acciones de la EPA para controlar el mercurio, 

visite el sitio Web sobre mercurio de la EPA. 

HECHOS 

EPA-823-F-04-010 

L o que

Usted

Necesita

Saber

Sobre el

Mercurio

en el

Pescado y

los

Mariscos

Aviso de la EPA y la FDA de 2004 para: Las mujeres en edad fértil, las mujeres embarazadas, las madres lactantes y los niños pequeños 

Os peixes e os frutos do mar são uma parte 

importante de uma dieta saudável. Eles contêm 

proteínas de alta qualidade e outros nutrientes 

essenciais que são baixos em gordura saturada 

e contêm ácidos graxos omega-3. Uma dieta 

bem balanceada que contenha peixes e frutos 

de mar contribui para a saúde do coração e para 

o crescimento e desenvolvimento adequado 

de crianças. Portanto, especialmente mulheres 

e crianças pequenas devem incluir peixes e 

frutos do mar nas suas dietas devido aos seus 

numerosos benefícios nutricionais. 

Entretanto, quase todos os peixes e frutos do 

mar contêm traços de mercúrio. Para a maior 

parte das pessoas, o risco de ingerir mercúrio 

ao alimentar-se de peixes e frutos do mar não 

constitui uma preocupação para a sua saúde. 

Contudo, alguns peixes e frutos do mar contêm 

altos níveis de mercúrio que podem causar 

danos a um feto ou ao desenvolvimento do 

sistema nervoso de crianças pequenas. Os riscos 

dependem da quantidade de peixes e frutos do 

mar ingeridos e dos níveis de mercúrio contidos 

neles. Portanto, a Administração de Alimentos 

e Drogas (FDA por sua sigla em inglês) e a 

Agência de Proteção Ambiental (EPA por sua 

sigla em inglês) estão aconselhando às mulheres 

que podem engravidar, às mulheres grávidas, às 

mulheres que estão amamentando e às crianças 

pequenas que evitem alguns tipos de peixes e 

que se alimentem com peixes e frutos do mar 

baixos em mercúrio.

Para obter mais informações sobre os riscos corridos 

pela ingestão de mercúrio contido em peixes e frutos 

do mar, ligue para a linha grátis de informações 

sobre alimentos da FDA nos Estados Unidos 1-888-

SAFEFOOD

Alimentos da FDA no endereço 

 ou visite o website de Segurança dos 

www.cfsan.fda.

gov/seafood1.html

Para obter mais informações sobre a segurança dos 

. 

peixes e frutos do mar pescados no local, visite o 

website de Informações sobre Peixes da Agência de 

Proteção Ambiental no endereço www.epa.gov/ost/

fish ou entre em contato com o departamento de 

saúde local ou estadual. Há uma lista de contatos 

dos departamentos de saúde locais e estaduais no 

website www.epa.gov/ost/fish. Clique em contatos 

federais, estaduais ou tribais. Para obter informações 

sobre as ações da EPA para controlar o mercúrio, 

visite o website de mercúrio da EPA no endereço 

www.epa.gov/mercury. 

Os Fatos

Informações para

Mulheres Que Podem Engravidar 

Mulheres Grávidas 

Mães Que Estão Amamentando 

Crianças Pequenas

da Administração de Alimentos e Drogas dos Estados Unidos 

e da Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos Estados Unidos

EPA-823-F-06-005

O Que Você

Precisa

Saber

Sobre

Mercúrio

em Peixes

Frutos

e

do Mar

Cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến là những thức ăn quan 

trọng của một chế độ ăn uống khoẻ mạnh. Cá và 

tôm, cua, sò, hến chứa hàm lượng protein cao, 

các chất dinh dưỡng thiết yếu khác, các axit béo 

Omega-3, và hàm lượng chất béo bão hoà thấp. 

Một chế độ ăn uống cân bằng bao gồm nhiều 

loại cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến có thể góp phần bảo 

đảm một trái tim khoẻ mạnh, trẻ em tăng trưởng 

và phát triển hợp lý. Bởi vậy, phụ nữ và đặc biệt 

là trẻ em cần đưa cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến vào 

thực đơn của mình vì những thức ăn này mang 

lại nhiều lợi ích về dinh dưỡng.

Tuy nhiên, hầu hết tất cả các loại cá và tôm, 

cua, sò, hến đều chứa một hàm lượng thuỷ ngân 

nhỏ. Đối với đa số nhiều người, nguy cơ nhiễm 

thuỷ ngân do ăn cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến không 

phải là mối lo ngại về sức khoẻ. Tuy nhiên, một 

số loại cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến có chứa hàm 

lượng thuỷ ngân cao hơn và có thể gây hại cho 

hệ thần kinh đang phát triển của trẻ chưa sinh 

hoặc trẻ nhỏ. Nguy cơ nhiễm thủy ngân từ cá 

và tôm, cua, sò, hến phụ thuộc vào số lượng cá 

và tôm, cua, sò, hến ăn vào và hàm lượng thuỷ 

ngân trong những thức ăn đó. Bởi vậy, Cơ quan 

Thực phẩm và Dược phẩm (FDA) và Cục Bảo 

vệ Môi trường (EPA) khuyên những phụ nữ sẽ 

mang thai, 

và trẻ nhỏ cần tránh một số loại cá, và nên ăn 

đang mang thai, bà mẹ cho con bú 

những loại cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến chứa hàm 

lượng thủy ngân thấp.

Để biết thêm thông tin về những nguy cơ nhiễm thủy 

ngân từ cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến, xin hãy gọi điện cho 

đường dây thông tin miễn phí về thức ăn của Cơ 

quan Thực phẩm và Dược phẩm Hoa Kỳ, 

1-888-SAFEFOOD hoặc truy nhập trang web 

Thực phẩm An toàn của FDA www.cfsan.fda.gov/

seafood1.html. 

Để biết thêm thông tin về độ an toàn của những loài 

cá và tôm, cua, sò, hến được đánh bắt ở địa phương, 

hãy truy nhập trang web Tư vấn về Cá của Cục Bảo 

vệ Môi trường: www.epa.gov/ost/fish hoặc liên hệ 

với Sở Y tế Tiểu bang hoặc Địa phương. Danh sách 

chi tiết liên hệ của các sở y tế tiểu bang hoặc địa 

phương được cung cấp tại trang web: www.epa.

gov/ost/fish

Liên bang, Tiểu bang và Bộ lạc. Để biết thêm thông 

. Hãy bấm chuột vào các Chi tiết Liên hệ 

tin về các biện pháp của EPA nhằm kiểm soát thuỷ 

ngân, hãy truy nhập trang web về thuỷ ngân của EPA 

tại: www.epa.gov/mercury. 

Thông tin thực tế

Lời khuyên dành cho

Những phụ nữ có thể mang thai

Những phụ nữ đang mang thai

Bà mẹ cho con bú

Trẻ nhỏ

từ Cơ quan Thực phẩm và Dược phẩm Hoa Kỳ, 

Cục Bảo vệ Môi trường Hoa Kỳ

Những 

Thông tin 

Cần biết về 

Thuỷ ngân 

có trong 

Cá và Tôm, 

Cua, Sò, 

Hến

EPA-823-F-06-002

어류와 패류는 건강한 식단을 이루는 

중요한 요소입니다. 어패류에는 고품질

의 단백질과 기타 필수 영양소가 들어 

있으며, 포화지방이 적고, 오메가-3 지

방산이 풍부합니다. 각종 어패류가 포

함된 균형 잡힌 식사는 심장 건강과 어

린이의 성장 발육에 좋습니다. 따라서 

특히 여성과 영유아의 식단에는 영양학

적으로 장점이 많은 어패류가 반드시 

포함되어야 합니다. 

그러나 거의 모든 어패류에는 미량의 

수은이 들어 있습니다. 대부분의 사람

들에게 있어 어패류를 통해 섭취되는 

수은은 건강상 위험을 일으키지 않습

니다. 그러나 일부 어패류의 경우 수은

을 더 많이 함유하고 있어 태아나 어린

아이의 신경체계 발달에 좋지 않은 영

향을 미칠 수 있습니다. 어류와 패류에 

포함된 수은이 일으키는 위험은 섭취

하는 어패류의 양과 그 어패류에 포함

된 수은의 함량에 따라 달라집니다. 따

라서 식품의약국(FDA)와 환경보호청

(EPA)에서는 임신 가능성이 있거나 임

신중인 여성, 수유중인 여성 및 영유아

의 경우 일부 종류의 어류를 피하고 수

은 함량이 적은 어패류를 섭취할 것을 

권장하고 있습니다.

어패류에 포함된 수은의 위험에 대한 더 많

은 정보는 미 식품의약국 수신자 부담 전화 

1-888-SAFEFOOD

식품안전 웹 사이트 

로 연락하시거나 FDA의 

www.cfsan.fda.gov/

seafood1.html를 방문해 주시기 바랍니다.

각 지방에서 잡히는 어패류의 안전에 대한 

더 많은 정보는 환경보호청의 어류섭취경

고 웹 사이트 www.epa.gov/ost/fish를 방

문하시거나 州 또는 지방 보건국으로 연

락하시기 바랍니다. 州 또는 지방 보건국

의 목록은 www.epa.gov/ost/fish에서 찾

아 보실 수 있습니다. Federal, State & Tribal 

Contacts(연방, 주 및 부족 연락처)를 클릭

해 주십시오. 수은 문제와 관련된 EPA의 

활동에 대한 정보는 EPA의 수은 관련 웹 

사이트 www.epa.gov/mercury에서 찾아 보

실 수 있습니다.

사실

어패류에 

함유된

수은에

관한

모든

정보

임신할 가능성이 있는 여성,

임신한 여성,

수유 중인 여성,

그리고 영유아를 위해 

미 식품의약국과

미 환경보호청이

드리는 조언

EPA-823-F-05-014

Ntses thiab qwj ntses yog yam tseem ceeb noj 

nrog zaub mov pab tau lub cev. Ntses thiab qwj 

ntses muaj protein zoo nrog rau lwm yam as 

ham (nutrients), lawv muaj roj nyeem tsawg, 

thiab lawv muaj cov omega-3 fatty acids. Kev 

noj zaub mov uas muaj nqaij ntses thiab qwj 

ntses muaj kam pab tau kom lub plawv ua hauj 

lwm zoo thiab pab menyuam yaus loj sai thiab 

loj hlob zoo. Yog li, poj niam thiab tshwj xeeb 

yog menyuam yaus yuav tsum noj ntses los 

sis qwj ntses nrog lawv cov zaub mov vim tias 

lawv muaj ntau hom as ham zoo.

Tab sis, yuav luag txhua txhua yam ntses 

thiab qwj ntses muaj tsig kua hlau mercury. 

Rau tib neeg feem coob, qhov yuav kis tau 

mercury thaum noj ntses thiab qwj ntses kuj 

tsis yog ib qho txaus txhawj. Tiam sis, ib txhia 

ntses thiab qwj ntses muaj tsig mercury ntau 

dua uas muaj peev xwm ua tsis zoo rau tus 

menyuam nyob hauv plab los sis tus menyuam 

mos kom nws lub nrog cev loj hlob tsis taus. 

Qhov yuav kis tau mercury los ntawm nqaij 

ntses thiab qwj ntses kuj yog nyob ntawm seb 

yus noj ntses thiab qwj ntses ntau npaum cas 

thiab seb cov mercury nyob hauv cov nqaij no 

muaj ntau npaum cas. Vim li no, lub hoob kas 

saib xyuas zaub mov thiab tshuaj (Food and 

Drug Administration-FDA) thiab lub hoob kas 

tiv thaiv liaj teb (Environmental Protection 

Agency-EPA) thiaj li hais kom cov poj niam uas 

tseem yuav xeeb tub, cov twb xeeb tub lawm, 

cov tseem pub niam mis rau menyuam, thiab 

cov menyuam yau kom tsis txhob noj qee yam 

ntses es tsuas noj cov ntses thiab qwj ntses uas 

muaj tsig mercury tsawg tsawg xwb.

Yog xav tau ntawv qhia ntxiv txog cov mercury 

nyob hauv ntses thiab qwj ntses, hu rau lub hoob 

kas U.S. Food and Drug Administration cov lus 

qhia txog kev noj haus ntawm tus xov tooj hu dawb 

1-888-SAFEFOOD los sis mus saib tau FDA daim 

vev-xaij qhia Ceev Faj Zaub Mov www.cfsan.fda.

gov/seafood1.html.

Yog xav tau ntawv qhia ntxiv txog kev yuav ceev faj 

cov ntses thiab qwj ntses uas nuv tau hauv zej zos, 

mus saib tau Environmental Protection Agency daim 

vev-xaij qhia txog ntses www.epa.gov/ost/fish los 

sis tiv tauj koj lub Xeev los yog Zos lub hoob kas loj 

saib kev noj qab haus huv (State or Local Health Department). Cov npe thiab xov tooj ntawm cov hoob 

kas xeev thiab zos no muaj nyob ntawm www.epa.

gov/ost/fish. Nias rau qhov Teb Chaws, Xeev, thiab 

Pab Pawg (Tribal) Cov Npe. Yog xav tau ntawv 

qhia txog EPA cov kev ua los tswj fwm mercury, 

mus saib rau EPA daim vev-xaij qhia txog mercury 

ntawm www.epa.gov/mercury.

Yam Muaj Tseeb

Lus cob qhia rau

Cov Poj Niam uas Yuav Xeeb Tub

Cov Poj Niam uas Xeeb Tub Lawm

Cov Poj Niam uas Pub Niam Mis rau Menyuam

Menyuam Yaus

los ntawm U.S. Food and Drug Administration 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Yam Koj 

Yuav 

Tsum Tau 

Paub Txog 

Ntawm 

Mercury 

hauv Nqaij 

Ntses thiab 

Qwj Ntses

EPA-823-F-06-003

gGMbUrRKM KWCaEpñkmYyy:agsMxan;énGahar sRmab;suxPaB . 

 nigGMbUrRKMmanCatiRbU:etGIunx<s; nig sarFatuciBa©wmBiess2

eTot EdlmanCatixøaj;Eq¥t kñúgkMritTab nigGasIudxøaj; 

mhÁa 3 . rbbGahard3⁄4 RtwmRtUvrYmman RtI nigGMbUrRKMepSg2

cp þl ;dl ;s uxPaB ebHd Ug karr Ikl Utlas ; n igkarr Ikc Mer In 

smRsbrbs;kumar . dUecñH®sþI nigkumartUc2 CaBiess 

KYrEtbBa©ÚlRtI nigGMbUrRKM cUlkñúgrbbGaharrbs;eK 

dlCaehtunaM [manplRbeyaCn_CaeRcInxagcMNIGahar .

eTaHCay:agNa swgEtRKb;RbePTRtI nigGMbUrRKMTaMgGs; 

manbnþúMCati)art . sMrab;mnusSPaKeRcIn eRKaHfñak;eday 

Cati)art BIkarjaMuRtI nigGMbUrRKM minEmnCabBaðasuxPaBK Y

eGayxVl;eT . b:uEnþRtI nigGMbUrRKMEdlman)artkñúgkMritx<s; 

Gac maneRKaHfñak;dl;TarkminTan;ekIt nigkarrIkcMerInRbB1⁄2n§ 

srésRbsaTrbs;kumar . eRKaHfñak;énCati)artEdlman 

enAkñúgRtI nigGMbUrRKMsßitenAelIcMnYnRtI nigGMbUrRKMEdl 

briePaK nigkMriténCati)artEdlmanenAkñúgRtI nigGMbUrRKM 

enaH . dUecñHrdæ)al »sf nigcMNIGahar (FDA) nig 

Pñak;garkarBarbrisßan (EPA) pþl;dMbUnμandl;®sþIEdl 

GacmanépÞeBaH ®sþImanépÞeBaH mþaykMBugbMe)AkUn nig 

kumartUc2 RtUvecosvagRbePTxøHénRtI nigbriePaKRtI nig 

GMbUrRKMNaEdlmanCati)arttic . 

sMrab;Bt’manepSg2GMBIeRKaHfñak;énCati)art EdlmanenA kñúgRtI 

nigGMbUrRKM sUmTUrs1⁄2BÞtamry3Bt’manGMBIcMNI GaharEdl\

tKitéføeTAkan;elx 1-888-SAFEFOOD rbs;rdæ)al»sf 

nigcMNIGahar b¤Tak;TgeTAkan;evbsay suvtßiPaBcMNIGahar 

(Food Safety) rbs; FDA www.cfsan.fda.gov/

seafood1.html

sMrab;Bt’manepSgeTotGMBIsuvtßiPaBénRtI nig 

RbePTRKMEdl eKensaTkñúgRsuk sUmTak;TgeTA 

kan;evbsayTIRbwkSa GMBIRtIrbs;rdæ)alkarBarbrisßan 

www.epa.gov/ost/fish b¤Tak;Tgrdæ b¤naykdæan 

suxPaBkñúgRsukrbs;Gñk . bBa¢IeQμaHrdæ b¤naykdæan 

suxPaBkñúgRsukmanenA www.epa.gov/ost/fish . 

cucelI Federal ¬shB1⁄2n§¦ State ¬rdæ¦ nig Tribal 

Contacts ¬TMnak;TMngkulsm1⁄2<n§¦ . sMrab;Bt’manelI 

skmμPaBrbs; EPA edIm,IRtYtBinitüCati)art sUm

Tak; TgeTAkan;evbsay www.epa.gov/mercury .

PaBBit

GIVEdlGñk

RtUv

dwg

GMBI

Cati)art

EdlmankñúgRtI

nig

GMbUrRKM

dMbUnμansMrab;

®sþIEdlGacmanépÞeBaH

®sþIEdlmanépÞeBaH

mþaykMBugbMe)AkUn

kumartUc2

BI

rdæ)al»sf nigcMNIGaharshrdæGaemrik

TIPñak;garkarBarbrisßanshrdæGaemrik 

EPA-823-F-05-013

有关鱼贝汞风险的更多信息,请拨打美国

食品与药品管理局免费咨询电话:1-888-

SAFEFOOD 或访问食品与药品管理局

的食品安全网站 www.cfsan.fda.gov/

seafood1.html.

有关当地捕获鱼贝安全性的更多信息,请访

问环境保护署的鱼类咨询网站 www.epa.

gov/ost/fish 或与您所在的州或当地卫生

局联系。www.epa.gov/ost/fish 列出了州或

当地卫生局的联络方式。点击联邦、州和部

落联络链节。有关环境保护署采取措施进

行汞控制的信息,请访问该署的汞资讯站点

www.epa.gov/mercury.

鱼贝汞

风险须

知

给以下人群的忠告

可能怀孕的女性

孕妇

哺乳期妇女

儿童

由美国食品与药品管理局和美国环境保护署提供

EPA-823-F-06-004
2008 Biennial National Listing of Fish Advisories 

7

EPA Fish Advisory Program Activities

The National Forum on Contaminants in Fish

This forum is a biennial event sponsored by EPA to bring 

together public health and environmental professionals from 

states, tribes, and other interested groups to discuss the many 

issues related to assessing risks and benefits of fish consumption. 

The next forum is scheduled for November 2–5, 2009, in 

Portland, Oregon. More information on the forum is available 

online at www.epa.gov/waterscience/fish/forum.

Mississippi Delta Fish Consumption Survey

EPA’s Fish Advisory Program is partnering with FDA and the 

Mississippi State Department of Environmental Quality to assess 

the awareness and effectiveness of existing fish consumption 

advisories in the Mississippi Delta. Objectives of the study are to:

•	 Determine the extent to which Delta sport and subsistence

fishers and their families are aware of the advisory and its 

recommendations;

•	 Determine the extent to which Delta sport and subsistence

fishermen and their families have changed their fish 

consumption behaviors as a result of the Delta advisory; and

•	 Document specific behavior changes, such as changes in the

amount of fish consumed, method of fish preparation used, 

and species of fish consumed and avoided.

The survey is scheduled to be completed in early 2010, at which 

time results will be published.

EPA Fish Contamination Research 

Fish Tissue Contaminant Studies

As part of our ongoing contaminant assessment activities, EPA 

has expanded the evaluation of contaminants in fish tissue to 

include Contaminants of Emerging Concern. Moving beyond 

the legacy of persistent organic contaminants and toxic metals, 

EPA’s sampling and analysis activities include a pilot study of the 

occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products 

(PPCPs) in five effluent-dominated streams, completed in 2008, 

and ongoing sampling of fish as part of a nationally representative 

study of fish caught in urban rivers. Fish tissue samples collected 

from urban river segments as a part of the National Rivers and 

Streams Assessment will be analyzed for the presence of PPCP 

compounds and perfluorinated organic compounds (e.g., PFOS, 

perfluorooctanoic acid). In addition, a full suite of persistent organic compounds will be analyzed and mercury levels determined 

in all the river samples (urban and non-urban) in this national 

study. For further information about these studies, contact 

Leanne Stahl (stahl.leanne@epa.gov). 

Additional Information 

For more information about specific advisories within 

a state, contact the appropriate state agency listed on 

EPA’s NLFA Web site at www.epa.gov/fishadvisories.

For more information about the NLFA 

or EPA’s Fish Advisory Program, contact: 

Jeff Bigler, National Program Manager

Fish Advisory Program

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

Office of Science and Technology (4305T) 

1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20460 

Telephone: (202)566-0389

E-mail: bigler.jeff@epa.gov