United States

Department of

Agriculture

National

Agricultural

Statistics

Service

Ag Ch 1 (02)

Agricultural Chemical Usage

2001 Dairy Cattle and

Dairy Facilities Summary

May 2002
Table of Contents

 

 

Page 

Overview .............................................................................. 1

Highlights .............................................................................. 2

Milk Cow Inventory and Production by State and U.S. ........................................... 4

Chemical Applications Tables - - - Dairy Cattle 

 Total Applied, States Surveyed and Total ................................................... 5

 Chemical Applications: Rate per Head per Application, Rate per Head per Year, 

 and Total Applied, Program States Total and States Surveyed .................................. 6

 Methods of Applications ............................................................... 14

Chemical Applications Tables - - - Dairy Facilities 

 Total Applied, States Surveyed and Total .................................................. 15

 Chemical Applications: Total Applied, Program States Total and States Surveyed ................. 16

Survey Procedures ...................................................................... 24

Estimation Procedures ................................................................... 24

Reliability ............................................................................. 24

Terms and Definitions ................................................................... 25

Trade Names and Active Ingredients ........................................................ 27

Survey Instrument ...................................................................... 29

Report Features ........................................................................ 33

i
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 1 NASS, USDA

2001 Agricultural Chemical Use Estimates for

Dairy Cattle and Dairy Cattle Facilities

Overview: The agricultural chemical usage estimates in this report are based on data compiled from the

2002 General Dairy Management Survey, which was conducted in late December 2001 through January

2002. The States in this survey account for approximately 85% of the milk cow inventory in the United

States, based on 2001 data published in the NASS Milk Production release dated February 15, 2002.

This report provides insecticide use information on dairy cattle and dairy facilities in the 21 selected

States. All data refer to the on-farm use of chemical active ingredients contained in insecticides which

were applied during the 2001 calendar year. Insecticides are defined as chemical products used for the

control of insects. Insecticides are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the

Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Insecticides are applied to dairy cattle and dairy facilities to

control flies, mange, mites, lice, grubs, and other external pests.

Chemical usage on dairy cattle is published on a rate per head per application and rate per head per year

basis. Some dairy cattle received no chemical applications in 2001; whereas, other dairy cattle received

multiple applications of the same chemical. In other cases, dairy cattle received applications of several

different chemicals. The number of times a chemical is applied varies significantly based on product

formulation, method of application, and pest stress at particular locations. The rate per head data cannot

be used to calculate the actual number of head treated with a particular chemical. Dairy cattle

inventories are reprinted in this report from a previous NASS release for informational purposes only.

Some active ingredients, such as petroleum distillate, piperonyl butoxide, and xylene are primarily

carriers, diluents, synergists, or repellents. These active ingredients are classified by the EPA as

pesticides, and are therefore included in this report.

This report excludes pharmaceutical products that treat dairy cattle for internal pests. A pharmaceutical

is classified as a drug and is regulated by FDA. Pharmaceuticals generally target internal livestock pests

such as viruses, bacteria, or worms. Some products can be classified as either a pesticide or a

pharmaceutical because they treat both external and internal pests. Examples of dual purpose products

are doramectin and ivermectin. These products can be applied to dairy cattle internally through oral

dosage or injection, or applied externally as a pour-on. 

Besides pharmaceuticals, disinfectants and sanitizers are also excluded. Only insecticide data were

collected and summarized. 

Insecticide applications made to dairy cattle facilities are also included in this report. For survey

purposes, milking parlors, pens, sheds, and barns are examples of dairy cattle facilities. Herbicide and

termite chemical applications are excluded, as are all rodenticides.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 2 NASS, USDA

Highlights

2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Cattle Facilities

Agricultural Chemical Use

2002 General Dairy Management Survey: Agricultural producers applied a total of 161,800 pounds

of insecticides to dairy cattle during 2001 in the 21 States surveyed. Dairy operations in 21 States were

surveyed in late 2001 through January 2002. States surveyed for dairy cattle chemical use do not

necessarily correspond to major dairy cattle States. 

Commonly Used Active Ingredients on Dairy Cattle: The insecticide most commonly used on dairy

cattle during 2001, based on total pounds applied, in the surveyed States was permethrin, at 47,300

pounds, followed by piperonyl butoxide, at 22,100 pounds. Tetrachlorvinphos was the third most

commonly used insecticide, with 21,200 total pounds used during 2001 in the States surveyed. 

Of the total chemical applications made to dairy cattle during 2001 in the 21 selected States, 59 percent

were made as pour-on or spot-on applications, 20 percent by spray method, 8 percent by dust bag or

hand dusting, 4 percent by injection, 4 percent with ear tags, and 3 percent by rubbing device. All other

methods accounted for the remaining 2 percent of the chemical applications.

Commonly Used Active Ingredients on Dairy Cattle Facilities: In the 21 surveyed States, a total of

100,100 pounds of insecticide active ingredients was applied to dairy facilities in 2001. Piperonyl

butoxide had the highest total quantity used, at 24,700 pounds applied during 2001 in the surveyed

States. Permethrin had the second highest total pounds used, at 19,200 pounds, followed by dimethoate,

for which 14,800 total pounds were applied during 2001 in the selected States.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 3 NASS, USDA

2001Dairy NAHMS

 Number of Usable Reports

 79

99

46

 143

 106

 39

77 26

232

23

80

48

 

12

89

85

50

47

200

|

 74

131

57

Highlights

2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Cattle Facilities

Agricultural Chemical Use

In the 21 States surveyed, there were 1,743 reports summarized for chemicals applied directly to dairy

cattle and 989 reports summarized for chemicals applied to dairy facilities.

The U.S. map below depicts graphically the total number of summarized reports for each State in the

2001 survey.

 
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 4 NASS, USDA

Milk Cows and Production: By State, and United States,

January 1, 2000-2001

State

Milk Cows 1 Milk Per Cow 2 Milk Production 2 Change

From

2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000

1,000 Head 1,000 Head Pounds Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds Percent

AL

AK

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

FL

GA

HI

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US 3

25

0.9

139

39

1,526

89

27

10.0

157

87

8.1

347

120

146

215

91

132

58

39

84

22

300

534

36

154

19

76

25

18

16

250

686

71

48

262

91

90

617

1.8

23

102

95

348

96

156

120

247

17

1,344

5.6

9,206

21

1.1

140

35

1,590

91

25

9.0

153

86

7.5

366

116

153

210

93

128

54

38

82

21

303

510

35

145

19

72

25

18

14

268

672

67

46

260

89

95

599

1.4

21

99

92

325

93

153

118

247

16

1,292

4.5

9,115

13,920

14,500

21,436

12,436

21,149

21,618

17,778

15,000

15,688

16,471

14,358

20,816

17,450

16,568

18,298

16,923

12,841

12,034

17,128

16,083

17,091

19,017

17,777

15,028

14,662

17,789

16,513

19,040

17,333

15,250

20,944

17,378

16,746

14,292

17,027

14,231

18,222

18,081

15,667

16,087

16,020

14,789

16,483

17,573

17,199

15,833

22,644

15,588

17,306

13,571

18,201

14,286

13,055

20,679

12,343

20,913

21,648

18,240

16,778

15,758

16,640

14,107

21,194

17,414

16,732

18,024

17,312

12,969

11,704

17,211

15,780

17,048

19,323

17,278

14,200

13,441

18,211

16,056

19,400

17,944

16,643

20,750

17,527

17,373

14,000

16,612

14,528

18,074

18,112

16,571

17,476

15,960

14,511

15,689

17,581

17,431

15,898

22,324

15,563

17,182

14,000

18,139

348

13.05

3,033

485

32,273

1,924

480

150.0

2,463

1,433

116.3

7,223

2,094

2,419

3,934

1,540

1,695

698

668

1,351

376

5,705

9,493

541

2,258

338

1,255

476

312

244

5,236

11,921

1,189

686

4,461

1,295

1,640

11,156

28.2

370

1,634

1,405

5,736

1,687

2,683

1,900

5,593

265

23,259

76.0

167,559

300

14.36

2,895

432

33,251

1,970

456

151.0

2,411

1,431

105.8

7,757

2,020

2,560

3,785

1,610

1,660

632

654

1,294

358

5,855

8,812

497

1,949

346

1,156

485

323

233

5,561

11,778

1,164

644

4,319

1,293

1,717

10,849

23.2

367

1,580

1,335

5,099

1,635

2,667

1,876

5,514

249

22,199

63.0

165,336

 -13.8

10.0

 -4.5

 -10.9

3.0

2.4

 -5.0

0.7

 -2.1

 -0.1

 -9.0

7.4

 -3.5

5.8

 -3.8

4.5

 -2.1

 -9.5

 -2.1

 -4.2

 -4.8

2.6

 -7.2

 -8.1

 -13.7

2.4

 -7.9

1.9

3.5

 -4.5

6.2

 -1.2

 -2.1

 -6.1

 -3.2

 -0.2

4.7

 -2.8

 -17.7

 -0.8

 -3.3

 -5.0

 -11.1

 -3.1

 -0.6

 -1.3

 -1.4

 -6.0

 -4.6

 -17.1

 -1.3

 1 Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 2 Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3 May not add due to rounding.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 5 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Total Amount Applied

Program States and Total, 2001

State Total Applied

1,000 Pounds

CA

CO

FL

ID

IL

IN

IA

KY

MI

MN

MO

NM

NY

OH

PA

TN

TX

VT

VA

WA

WI

Total

13.3

8.0

3.7

2.9

2.4

7.7

9.4

2.0

2.1

19.6

3.4

13.2

11.4

2.2

7.4

8.0

9.4

6.0

2.1

5.5

22.1

161.8
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 6 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Total of Program States, 2001 1 2

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Amitraz

 Chlorpyrifos

 Clorsulon

 Coumaphos

 Crotoxyphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Diazinon

 Dichlorvos

 Dimethoate

 Dipropyl isocinchomeronate

 Doramectin

 Eprinomectin

 Ethion

 Famphur

 Fenthion

 Fenvalerate

 Flucythrinate

 Ivermectin

 Lambda-cyhalothrin

 Malathion

 Methoxychlor

 Moxidectin

 N-octy-bicycloheptene

 Naled

 Permethrin

 Petroleum distillate

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pirimiphos-methyl

 Pyrethrins

 S-Methoprene

 Tetrachlorvinphos

 Xylene

 Zeta-cypermethrin

1.5

0.3

0.8

0.4

0.4

0.9

0.7

0.4

5.0

0.5

0.2

0.2

3.1

11.4

1.8

2.5

0.7

0.2

1.2

1.3

13.3

0.2

0.4

4.6

0.9

3.3

0.3

1.8

0.03

0.1

1.1

39.8

0.8

3.7

0.8

1.0

11.1

0.6

3.3

5.9

13.6

132.1

13.2

0.3

0.3

4.3

20.4

3.5

21.3

0.7

0.3

1.6

10.8

143.2

0.3

9.7

49.2

8.3

82.7

8.3

2.5

1.4

8.6

63.2

71.5

0.9

0.1

 *

0.2

10.6

 *

5.5

0.2

9.0

7.9

1.9

0.1

0.9

0.1

1.3

0.2

1.7

 *

0.6

0.1

1.1

6.6

0.4

2.3

3.1

47.3

7.8

22.1

0.1

2.0

1.2

21.2

4.7

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 States included are CA, CO, FL, ID, IL, IN, IA, KY, MI, MN, MO, NM, NY, OH, PA, TN, TX, VT, VA, WA, and WI. 2 Insufficient reports to publish data for bendiocarb, bomyl, butoxypolypropylene glycol, carbaryl, cypermethrin,

diflubenzuron, methomyl, phosmet, ronnel, sulfur, and toxaphene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 7 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

California, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Ivermectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

0.1

0.1

0.6

0.2

0.4

0.2

3.4

5.1

0.2

 *

3.4

1.0

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for clorsulon, coumaphos, dimethoate, doramectin, eprinomectin, malathion,

moxidectin, naled, petroleum distillate, pyrethrins, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Colorado, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Permethrin

1.2

0.17

118.4

1.0

3.9

0.1

 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for clorsulon, cyfluthrin, dichlorvos, doramectin, eprinomectin, famphur, fenthion,

ivermectin, lambda-cyhalothrin, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., petroleum distillate, piperonyl butoxide, pyrethrins,

tetrachlorvinphos, and xylene.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Florida, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Ivermectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 S-Methoprene

 Tetrachlorvinphos

0.1

0.1

0.3

0.3

0.0

1.5

2.9

0.2

2.9

3.4

5.2

23.9

0.2

 *

0.8

0.4

0.3

1.2

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for clorsulon, cyfluthrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, doramectin, eprinomectin, ethion,

fenthion, lambda-cyhalothrin, methomyl, methoxychlor, moxidectin, petroleum distillate, phosmet, pyrethrins, and sulfur.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 8 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Idaho, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

0.3

0.1

0.3

4.4

0.1

1.7

0.2

0.7

8.9

4.4

 *

 *

 *

0.6

0.3

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for bendiocarb, clorsulon, cyfluthrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, doramectin, eprinomectin,

famphur, lambda-cyhalothrin, naled, pirimiphos-methyl, pyrethrins, tetrachlorvinphos, and xylene.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Illinois, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Doramectin

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

2.4

0.8

0.1

1.4

1.6

3.7

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.4

9.3

13.4

1.7

 *

0.1

0.2

 *

 *

 *

 *

0.5

1.4

0.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for amitraz, clorsulon, crotoxyphos, diazinon, diflubenzuron, fenthion, fenvalerate,

naled, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., ronnel, tetrachlorvinphos, and zeta-cypermethrin.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Indiana, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Ivermectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Tetrachlorvinphos

0.3

0.4

0.3

0.1

0.0

1.0

52.1

0.4

5.5

8.9

2.1

226.7

1.0

 *

0.8

0.3

 *

4.7

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for chlorpyrifos, clorsulon, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, dimethoate,

doramectin, eprinomectin, fenvalerate, moxidectin, naled, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., and s-methoprene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 9 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Iowa, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.6

0.3

0.5

0.1

2.5

0.5

0.0

20.3

0.3

1.0

0.4

23.4

16.8

2.0

0.6

 *

 *

0.1

6.0

2.1

0.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for coumaphos, cyfluthrin, diazinon, dipropyl isocinchomeronate, doramectin, famphur,

fenthion, fenvalerate, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., tetrachlorvinphos, and xylene.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Kentucky, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Diazinon

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

1.8

0.3

2.9

0.2

0.3

0.2

1.2

0.1

9.1

1.0

2.9

0.3

0.5

0.4

5.6

1.6

0.4

0.1

 *

 *

 *

 *

0.4

0.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for bomyl, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, dichlorvos, doramectin, ethion, fenvalerate,

flucythrinate, malathion, pirimiphos-methyl, pyrethrins, s-methoprene, tetrachlorvinphos, and zeta-cypermethrin.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Michigan, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.2

0.1

0.8

0.1

0.0

0.3

0.1

2.0

1.0

0.1

 *

 *

0.4

0.2

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for carbaryl, clorsulon, coumaphos, cyfluthrin, dichlorvos, dipropyl isocinchomeronate,

doramectin, famphur, fenthion, moxidectin, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., phosmet, s-methoprene, and xylene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 10 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Minnesota, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Dipropyl isocinchomeronate

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 N-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

4.3

0.2

0.8

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.0

52.2

6.5

18.5

0.3

0.3

0.2

19.3

13.4

14.8

2.0

3.5

0.5

0.4

0.2

0.1

 *

0.7

3.2

3.1

0.3

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for coumaphos, dimethoate, doramectin, famphur, fenthion, methoxychlor, naled,

ronnel, tetrachlorvinphos, toxphene, xylene, and zeta-cypermethrin.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Missouri, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Doramectin

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Tetrachlorvinphos

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.4

1.1

20.4

2.7

0.3

0.7

0.4

0.5

2.9

7.6

39.6

0.2

 *

 *

 *

 *

0.6

0.4

0.6

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for carbaryl, crotoxyphos, cyfluthrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, famphur, fenthion,

flucythrinate, lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, petroleum distillate, pirimiphos-methyl, pyrethrins, s-methoprene, and

xylene.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

New Mexico, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Permethrin 2.0 82.7 12.9

 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for ivermectin, moxidectin, piperonyl butoxide, pyrethrins, and s-methoprene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 11 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

New York, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Amitraz

 Coumaphos

 Dichlorvos

 Doramectin

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 N-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

1.7

1.6

0.1

0.0

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.7

0.3

0.0

4.1

4.4

2.1

0.1

0.3

0.2

0.2

3.0

3.5

12.3

2.2

0.1

0.6

 *

 *

0.1

 *

 *

0.1

1.4

2.8

0.3

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for butoxypolypropylene glycol, chlorpyrifos, clorsulon, cyfluthrin, diazinon,

dimethoate, dipropyl isocinchomeronate, fenthion, fenvalerate, lambda-cyhalothrin, methoxychlor, petroleum distillate,

pirimiphos-methyl, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Ohio, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.5

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.8

0.5

0.0

1.1

0.7

2.6

0.2

0.1

0.2

3.7

5.9

0.2

0.1

0.1

 *

 *

 *

 *

0.6

0.6

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for amitraz, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, doramectin, fenvalerate, malathion, methoxychlor,

pirimiphos-methyl, s-methoprene, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Pennsylvania, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Tetrachlorvinphos

0.4

1.3

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.5

0.3

0.0

1.7

2.4

5.3

3.2

0.3

0.1

0.3

3.1

5.1

0.7

38.8

0.2

0.7

0.2

0.1

 *

 *

1.7

1.5

0.1

1.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for clorsulon, crotoxyphos, dimethoate, doramectin, ethion, flucythrinate, lambdacyhalothrin, malathion, and s-methoprene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 12 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Tennessee, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Tetrachlorvinphos

0.2

0.1

1.8

0.2

0.5

0.4

0.1

41.2

3.7

58.3

 *

 *

5.0

0.3

2.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for chlorpyrifos, clorsulon, coumaphos, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, diazinon, dichlorvos,

doramectin, ethion, famphur, fenthion, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, moxidectin, pyrethrins, ronnel, s-methoprene, xylene, and

zeta-cypermethrin.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Texas, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Tetrachlorvinphos

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.2

0.8

0.8

3.5

22.5

0.8

0.2

0.5

6.6

6.9

4.5

1.7

0.1

 *

 *

2.9

0.8

0.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for clorsulon, cypermethrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, doramectin, eprinomectin, ethion,

fenthion, fenvalerate, lambda-cyhalothrin, methomyl, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., petroleum distillate, phosmet,

pirimiphos-methyl, pyrethrins, s-methoprene, and sulfur.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Vermont, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Dichlorvos

 Doramectin

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.3

0.4

0.8

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.7

0.5

0.1

5.7

26.8

0.8

0.4

0.2

0.2

12.1

39.7

5.1

0.2

0.7

 *

 *

 *

 *

1.4

2.3

0.2

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for amitraz, clorsulon, cyfluthrin, diflubenzuron, ethion, malathion, methoxychlor,

pirimiphos-methyl, and tetrachlorvinphos.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 13 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Virginia, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Ivermectin

 Permethrin

3.8

0.2

0.1

12.3

0.3

0.5

0.3

 *

0.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for doramectin, eprinomectin, ethion, fenthion, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, lambdacyhalothrin, malathion, moxidectin, petroleum distillate, piperonyl butoxide, pirimiphos-methyl, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Washington, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

1.8

0.2

0.2

0.5

2.0

0.1

 *

 *

0.1

0.1

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for clorsulon, cyfluthrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, doramectin, eprinomectin, n-octybicycloheptene dicarbo., petroleum distillate, pyrethrins, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Wisconsin, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Rate per Head

per Application

Rate per Head

per Year

Total

Applied

Grams Grams 1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Dipropyl isocinchomeronate

 Doramectin

 Eprinomectin

 Ivermectin

 Moxidectin

 N-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

1.1

0.1

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.6

0.3

0.0

10.1

0.4

16.3

22.3

0.7

0.4

0.4

0.3

8.2

5.1

7.2

1.2

1.4

0.1

3.4

1.4

 *

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.7

4.4

4.0

0.5

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, clorsulon, crotoxyphos, dimethoate, famphur, fenvalerate,

malathion, naled, tetrachlorvinphos, toxaphene, and xylene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 14 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Application Methods Used

Total of Program States, 2001

Application Method Total of States Surveyed

Percent

Dust Bag/Hand Dust

Ear Tag

Feed Additive/Mineral Block

Injection

Pour-On

Rubbing Device

Spray

Other Methods

8.4

3.9

1.6

4.0

58.6

3.2

20.0

0.3
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 15 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Total Amount Applied, 2001

Program States and Total

State Total Applied

1,000 Pounds

CA

CO

FL

ID

IL

IN

IA

KY

MI

MN

MO

NM

NY

OH

PA

TN

TX

VT

VA

WA

WI

Total

14.0

2.8

0.3

2.9

0.8

7.2

4.6

6.3

2.9

14.0

0.7

3.7

2.8

2.4

5.8

0.9

2.2

2.3

0.2

0.4

23.2

100.1
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 16 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Total of Program States, 2001 1 2

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 pounds

Insecticides:

 Abamectin

 Carbaryl

 Chlorpyrifos

 Coumaphos

 Cyfluthrin

 Diazinon

 Dichlorvos

 Dimethoate

 Lambda-cyhalothrin

 Malathion

 Methomyl

 Moxidectin

 N-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.

 Naled

 Permethrin

 Petroleum distillate

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

 Tetrachlorvinphos

 *

0.1

0.2

1.0

5.6

1.1

12.1

14.8

1.1

2.1

1.0

 *

0.6

8.6

19.2

1.9

24.7

3.8

 *

1.9

 1 States included are CA, CO, FL, ID, IL, IN, IA, KY, MI, MN, MO, NM, NY, OH, PA, TN,

TX, VT, VA, WA, and WI.

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 2 Insufficient reports to publish data for amitraz, bifenthrin, bomyl, cypermethrin,

diflubenzuron, dipropyl isocinchomeronate, fenthion, fenvalerate, methoxychlor,

pyriproxyfen, s-methoprene, sulfur, thiazine, and tricosene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 17 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

California, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Methomyl

 Naled

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Ronnel

2.6

 *

6.9

4.3

0.1

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, coumaphos,

cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, diazinon, malathion, petroleum distillate, and pyrethrins.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Colorado, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Methomyl

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

1.2

 *

0.7

0.3

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for cyfluthrin, fenvalerate, lambda-cyhalothrin,

malathion, naled, petroleum distillate, and ronnel.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Florida, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Methomyl

 Permethrin

 Ronnel

0.1

0.1

0.1

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for cyfluthrin, piperonyl butoxide, pyrethrins, smethoprene, tetrachlorvinphos, thiazine, and tricosene.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 18 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Idaho, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Methomyl

 Naled

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.4

0.4

 *

0.5

0.6

0.1

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin,

malathion, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., petroleum distillate, tetrachlorvinphos, and

tricosene.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Illinois, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.3

 *

 *

0.2

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, bomyl, chlorpyrifos, coumaphos,

dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, methoxychlor, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.,

ronnel, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Indiana, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

0.2

0.1

0.3

0.7

0.1

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin,

methomyl, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., and tetrachlorvinphos.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 19 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Iowa, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Permethrin

0.6

1.7

 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for bifenthrin, coumaphos, diazinon, dimethoate,

lambda-cyhalothrin, methomyl, piperonyl butoxide, and pyrethrins.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Kentucky, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Coumaphos

 N-octy-bicycloheptene

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 *

0.1

0.1

4.8

0.9

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, diazinon, dichlorvos,

dimethoate, fenvalerate, lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, methomyl, methoxychlor,

moxidectin, petroleum distillate, and ronnel.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Michigan, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

 *

 *

1.0

 *

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for diazinon, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin,

methomyl, methoxychlor, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., and permethrin.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 20 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Minnesota, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Dimethoate

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.5

1.7

2.9

7.5

0.9

 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for lambda-cyhalothrin, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.,

naled, permethrin, and ronnel.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Missouri, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

 *

0.4

 *

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for carbaryl, coumaphos, cyfluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin,

malathion, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., and permethrin.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

New Mexico, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Permethrin 1.3

 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for dichlorvos, lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, piperonyl

butoxide, pyrethrins, ronnel, and tetrachlorvinphos.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 21 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

New York, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Dimethoate

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.4

 *

0.9

0.4

0.2

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for bomyl, coumaphos, diazinon, dipropyl

isocinchomeronate, methomyl, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., naled, ronnel, and

tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Ohio, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

1.7

 *

 *

0.1

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, fenthion, lambdacyhalothrin, malathion, methomyl, methoxychlor, petroleum distillate, ronnel, and

tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Pennsylvania, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Dimethoate

 Methomyl

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

0.6

0.2

1.0

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.3

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, diflubenzuron, lambda-cyhalothrin,

malathion, moxidectin, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., petroleum distillate, and

pyriproxyfen.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 22 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Tennessee, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.1

0.3

0.1

 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for dichlorvos, methomyl, n-octy-bicycloheptene

dicarbo., naled, and ronnel.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Texas, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Lambda-cyhalothrin

 Methomyl

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.7

0.1

 *

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, nocty-bicycloheptene dicarbo., tetrachlorvinphos, and tricosene.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Vermont, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

0.1

0.6

1.1

0.2

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for abamectin, amitraz, cyfluthrin, dimethoate,

malathion, methomyl, moxidectin, n-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo., naled, and 

tetrachlorvinphos.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 23 NASS, USDA

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Virginia, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Dichlorvos

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 *

0.1

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for cyfluthrin, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin,

methomyl, n-octy bicycloheptene dicarbo., permethrin, and ronnel.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Washington, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

0.1

0.1

 *

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for dichlorvos, lambda-cyhalothrin, n-octybicycloheptene dicarbo., naled, ronnel, and tetrachlorvinphos.

Dairy Cattle Facilities: Agricultural Chemical Use,

Wisconsin, 2001 1

Agricultural

Chemical

Total

Applied

1,000 Pounds

Insecticides:

 Cyfluthrin

 Dichlorvos

 Dimethoate

 Methomyl

 N-octy-bicycloheptene dicarbo.

 Permethrin

 Piperonyl butoxide

 Pyrethrins

 Ronnel

0.5

5.1

3.3

0.1

0.3

6.3

5.4

0.9

 *

* Total applied less than 50 pounds. 1 Insufficient reports to publish data for bomyl, chlorpyrifos, dipropyl isocinchomeronate,

lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, moxidectin, petroleum distillate, sulfur, and

tetrachlorvinphos.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 24 NASS, USDA

Survey Procedures: The estimates in this report are based on the 2002 National Animal Health

Monitoring System (NAHMS) General Dairy Management Report conducted from late December 2001

through January 2002. This survey was based on a sample of pre-screened operators reporting dairy

cattle on a previous NASS survey. Enumerators conducting the survey collected a variety of information

including insecticide applications to dairy cattle and dairy cattle facilities for respondents’ entire

operations. Data were collected in the State where the operation’s headquarters was located.

Estimation Procedures: The chemical applications data, reported by product name or trade name, were

reviewed within State and across States for reasonableness and consistency. This review compared

reported data with manufacturers’ recommendations and with data from other operations using the same

product. Following this review, product information was converted to active ingredient level. The

chemical usage estimates in this publication are of those active ingredients. 

Detailed data within a table may not multiply across or add down due to independent rounding of the

published values.

Reliability: The survey was designed so that the estimates are statistically representative of chemical

use on dairy cattle and dairy cattle facilities. The reliability of these survey results is affected by

sampling variability and non-sampling errors. 

Sampling variability is a measure of how the estimates would differ if other samples had been drawn. 

The sampling variability expressed as a percent of the estimate is called the coefficient of variation (cv). 

Sampling variability of the estimates differed considerably by chemical. In general, the more often the

chemical was applied, the smaller the sampling variability. For example, estimates of use of a commonly

used product, such as permethrin, will exhibit less variability than a more rarely used product. For more

commonly used chemicals, cv's range from 5-30 percent at the 21-State program level and 5-55 percent

at the State level. Other items may have cv’s up to 100 percent. Items that have an insufficient number

of reports are not published and are noted with an asterisk (*). 

Non-sampling errors occur during a survey process, but unlike sampling variability, are difficult to

measure. They may be caused by interviewers failing to follow instructions, poorly worded questions,

non-response, problematic survey procedures, or data handling mistakes between collection and

publication. In this survey, all survey procedures and analyses were carried out in a consistent and

orderly manner to minimize the occurrence of these types of errors.

Variability for estimates of volume of the commodity handled will be higher than the variability for

estimates of application rates. This is because application rates have a narrower range of responses and

the manufacturers’ recommended rates are generally followed.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 25 NASS, USDA

Terms and Definitions

Active ingredient: The active ingredient is the specific chemical which kills or controls the target 

pests. Usage data are reported by pesticide product and are converted to an amount of active ingredient.

Agricultural chemicals: The phrase, “agricultural chemicals,” refers to the active ingredients in

pesticides.

Application rates: The application rates refer to an average weight of a pesticide active ingredient

applied to a volume of product. For this survey, rate per application is the average number of grams

applied in one application. Rate per year is the average number of grams applied counting multiple

applications. 

Carrier: An inert liquid, solid, or gas added to an active ingredient to make a pesticide dispense

effectively. A carrier is also the material, usually water or oil, used to dilute the formulated product for

application.

Common name: The common name is an officially recognized name for an active ingredient. This

report shows active ingredient by common name. 

Diluent: Any liquid or solid material used to dilute or carry an active ingredient.

Dips: Dip vats provide effective parasite control. Vats can be filled early in the season and used

throughout the year. Because animals are wet thoroughly in a vat, good coverage is ensured.

Drench: Drench treatments for livestock are formulated as pastes to be applied orally with a ready-touse syringe.

Drylot: An enclosed, unpaved area where the animals can move about freely and where they can feed

along a feed apron, except during milking. 

Dust Bags/Hand Dusters: Dusts can be applied to animals by hand shakers or in self-treatment dust

bags. Dust bags are most effective when used in forced-use situations especially where cattle have to

pass under them daily to get to water or feed.

Ear Tags: Ear tags and plastic devices can be impregnated with an insecticide. These ear tags are

usually used for ear tick and horn fly control. 

Feed and Mineral Pesticide Additives: Certain pesticides may be administered as feed or mineral

additives. Feed additives are used to prevent the development of fly larvae in animal feces. Feed

additives target fly maggots breeding in fresh animal manure by controlling certain fly species whose

maggot stages occur in animal manure.

Feed Apron or Feed Bunk: A paved or hard surface along one side of a drylot where feed is provided

to the animals.

Freestall Barn: A barn where animals are managed in individual open stalls and are free to roam

around. The animals can move about freely.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 26 NASS, USDA

Injectables: Pesticides applied by subcutaneous injection. Some injectables control internal parasites

with added benefit of external control.

Loafing Area: A resting area for cattle. Loafing sheds are structures that have at least one side open to

the elements. This three-sided loafing shed offers protection from flies, summer sun, winter wind, rain,

and storms. This type of structure is also known as a run-in shed

Milking Parlor: A facility where lactating cows are managed before, during, and after milking.

Pesticides: As defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), pesticides

include any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or

mitigating any pest, and any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator,

defoliant, or desiccant.

Pour-Ons: Pour-on insecticides are formulated for direct application to the backlines of animals. The

chemical is absorbed through the skin and circulates through the animal’s system.

Repellent: A pesticide used to keep target pests away from a treated area by saturating the area with an

odor that is disagreeable to the pest.

Rubbing Device (Backrubber, Face Rubber): Backrubbers are another method of insecticide selftreatment for cattle. Cattle bothered by insects rub against devices soaked with insecticides. Backrubbers

are placed where animals move to and from, such as between watering areas and pasture. 

Spot-Ons: Spot-on pesticides are easily applied. This method involves applying a small amount of

pesticide with specially designed applicators in a single area or ‘spot’ on the backlines of animals.

Sprays : Emulsifiable concentrates, or soluble formulations are usually used with smaller sprayers. 

Animals are usually sprayed with enough solution to cover the animal thoroughly. 

Stanchion: A stanchion is a specially designed headgate to hold an animal in place while allowing

feeding and resting.

Synergist: A material which exhibits synergism; that is, the joint action of different agents results in an

effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.

Tie Stall Barn: A barn where animals are confined to stalls or stanchions and each cow is individually

tied with a strap or chain. 

Trade name: A trademark name given to a specific formulation of a pesticide product. A formulation

contains a specific concentration of the active ingredient, carrier materials, and other ingredients such as

emulsifiers and wetting agents. Some formulations, as in the case of pre-mixes, can contain more than

one active ingredient.
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 27 NASS, USDA

Trade Name, Active Ingredient, and Pesticide Class

The following is a list of the associated class, (I=insecticide) and active ingredients included in this report. Also

provided are product trade names associated with the listed active ingredients reported in the survey. This list is

provided as an aid in reviewing pesticide data. The list is not complete for all trade names used and NASS does

not mean to imply the use of any specific trade name.

________________________________________________________________________

 

Class Active Ingredient Trade Name

______________________________________________________________________________________

 I Abamectin Fatal Attraction

 I Amitraz Taktic

 I Bendiocarb Ficam

 I Bifenthrin Talstar

 I Bomyl Purina Fly Bait

 I Butoxypolypropylene glycol Straight Arrow Fly Spray

 I Carbaryl Sevin

 I Chlorpyrifos Dursban, Max-Con/Warrior Ear Tags

 I Clorsulon Ivomec Plus

 I Coal Tar Creosote Creosote

 I Coumaphos Co-Ral, Zip-Cide, Purina Cattle 

Duster

 I Crotoxyphos Purina Lice Powder

 I Cyfluthrin Countdown, Cylence, Tempo,

Cutter Gold Ear Tags, Baythroid

 I Cypermethrin Demon, Max-Con/ZetaGard 

Ear Tags

 I Cyromazine Larvadex

 I Diazinon Diazinon, Dryzon, Knox Out, 

several ear tags

 I Dichlorvos several

 I Diflubenzuron Vigilante

 I Dimethoate Cygon, Dimethoate

 I Dioxathion Del-Tox

 I Dipropyl isocinchomeronate Tox-O-Wik

 I Doramectin Dectomax 

 I Eprinomectin Eprinex

 I Ethion Commando Ear Tags

 I Famphur Warbex 

 I Fenthion Lysoff, Spotton, Cutter Blue 

Ear Tags

 I Fenvalerate Ectrin

 I Flucythrinate Gurardian Ear Tag

______________________________________________________________________________________

- - continued
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 28 NASS, USDA

______________________________________________________________________________________

 

Class Active Ingredient Trade Name

______________________________________________________________________________________

 I Ivermectin Ivomec, Ivercide

 I Lambda-cyhalothrin Demand, Grenade, Saber, Warrior

 I Malathion Malathion

 I Methomyl Apache/Die Fly/Stimukil Fly Bait

 I Methoxychlor Marlate, Methoxychlor, Sur-Noxem

 I Moxidectin Cydectin

 I N-octy bicycloheptene dicarbo. several

 I Naled Dibrom, Fly Killer D

 I Permethrin several 

 I Petroleum distillate several

 I Phosmet Del-Phos, Prolate

 I Piperonyl butoxide several

 I Pirimiphos-methyl Dominator/Double Barrel

Ear Tags

 I Pyrethrins several

 I Pyriproxyfen Archer IGR

 I Ronnel Golden Marlin Fly Bait

 I S-methoprene Altoside, Extinguish,

MoorMans IGR

 I Sulfur Sulfur Stock Block

 I Tetrachlorvinphos Several

 I Thiazine QuikStrike

 I Toxaphene Drycide

 I Tricosene Stimukil Fly Bait

 I Xylene Warbex

 I Zeta-cypermethrin Python Ear Tags

________________________________________________________________________________
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 29 NASS, USDA

  	
 

	
  
 


[Include cows both dry and in milk, heifers 500 pounds + for dairy replacement, dairy heifer calves

 under 500 pounds, and bulls and bull calves associated with the dairy operation.]

1.Did this operation treat any dairy cattle for external pests and/or parasites (such as flies, lice, grubs, or scabies) during 2001?

YES - (Continue with Item 2)

NO - (Enter 3 in Code Box 711, and go to Section H)

000

1 - Incomplete

3 - Valid Zero

711

LINES

IN TABLES

712

2. Now I need to get complete information on insecticides and chemicals

applied to dairy cattle on this site/operation in 2001. (Exclude disinfectants,

herbicides, and fungicides.) 

[ENUMERATOR NOTE: Complete tables for all chemical applications to Dairy Cattle. Use supplemental tables

if necessary. If no code is listed in the Respondent Booklet, record the name and formulation of the insecticide

product applied, what it was used for, whether it was liquid or dry, and its NADA/EPA registration number.]

1 2 3

 L 

 I

 N

 E

What product(s) were applied 

to your dairy herd?

(Show product codes from Respondent Booklet)

Formulation

Was this product bought

in liquid or dry form?

L = Liquid

D = Dry 

What was the method of application?

 1 Spray

 2 Injection

 3 Feed Additive

 4 Pour-on/Spot-On

 5 Dust Bags/Hand Dusting

 6 Ear Tags

 7 Dip

 8 Feed/Mineral Block

 9 Rubbing Device

10 Pill/Bolus

11 Oral Drench

12 Other

NOTES Product Code Code Code

101 701 702

102 701 702

103 701 702

104 701 702

105 701 702

106 701 702

107 701 702

108 701 702

LINE (Insecticide)

NADA/EPA No. or 

Trade Name

and Formulation

Form Purchased

(Liquid or Dry)

Where Purchased

[Ask only if NADA/EPA

No. cannot be reported.]

_________ ___________ _____________________ __________________ _______________

_________ ___________ _____________________ __________________ _______________
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 30 NASS, USDA

  	
 

	
  
 


4 5 OR 6 7 8

 L 

 I

 N

 E

How many head

were treated with

this product?

How much was applied per

HEAD per application?

What was the TOTAL

amount applied per

application?

 1 Pounds

12 Gallons

13 Quarts

14 Pints

15 Ounces

30 Grams

31 cc/ml

35 Tags

37 Pills

41 Liters

50 Other

How many times was this applied?

Number Unit Code Number

101

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

102

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

103

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

104

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

105

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

106

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

107

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707

108

703 704

. __ __ 

705

. __ __ 

706 707
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 31 NASS, USDA

  	
 

	
  
 
 
	

SECTION H: CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS TO DAIRY CATTLE FACILITIES

1. In 2001, on your total acres operated, did you apply any insecticides or other chemical products to

dairy facilities to control insects? Include buildings that are used by the dairy cattle on this operation,

such as barns, hutches, stalls, pens, drylots, etc.

YES - (Continue)

NO - (Enter 3 in Code Box 713, and go to Section I)

2. Now I need to get complete information on insecticides (exclude disinfectants, herbicides, and

fungicides) and chemicals applied to dairy fcilities on this operation in 2001.

000

1 - Incomplete

3 - Valid Zero

713

LINES

 IN TABLE

714

[ENUMERATOR NOTE: Complete tables for all insecticide applications to dairy cattle facilities. Dairy cattle

facilities include buildings, structures, etc. Use supplemental tables if necessary. If no code is listed in the Respondent Booklet, record the name and formulation of the product applied, what it was used for (insecticide, other), whether it was liquid or dry, and its EPA/NADA registration number.]

NOTES

L

I

N

E

1 2 3

Facility Treated

10 Individual Pen or Multi-pen

11 Freestall Barn

12 Tie Stall or Stanchion Barn

13 Milking Parlor

14 Calf Hutch

15 Drylot

16 Feed Bunk/Apron

17 Loafing Area/Run-in Shed

20 Other

What product(s) were applied to the

[column 1] facility?

[Show product codes from Respondent

Booklet]

Was this product

bought in liquid or

dry form?

L = Liquid

D = Dry 

Facility Code Product Code Code

201 709 701

202 709 701

203 709 701

204 709 701

205 709 701

206 709 701

207 709 701

208 709 701

209 709 701

LINE Pesticide Type

(Insecticide)

NADA/ EPA No. or

Tradename

and Formulation

Form Purchased

(Liquid or Dry)

Where Purchased

[Ask only if NADA/EPA No. cannot be reported.]

_________ ________________ _____________________ __________________ __________________
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 32 NASS, USDA

  	
 

	
  
 
 
	

L

I

N

E

4 5 6

What was the TOTAL amount

applied per application?

 1 Pounds

12 Gallons

13 Quarts

14 Pints

15 Ounces

23 Fly Strip

30 Grams

31 cc/ml

41 Liters

50 Other

How many times was this applied?

Unit Code Number

201

705

. __ __ 

706 707

202

705

. __ __ 

706 707

203

705

. __ __ 

706 707

204

705

. __ __ 

706 707

205

705

. __ __ 

706 707

206

705

. __ __ 

706 707

207

705

. __ __ 

706 707

208

705

. __ __ 

706 707

209

705

. __ __ 

706 707
Agricultural Chemical Usage 2001 Dairy Cattle and Dairy Facilities Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2002 33 NASS, USDA

Report Features

Released May 29, 2002, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics

Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Chemical Usage" call

(202) 690-2284, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. 

Listed below are persons within the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional

information.

Michelle Radice, Environmental Statistician ..................................... (202) 690-2284

Norman Bennett, Head, Environmental and Demographics Section .................... (202) 720-0684

Linda Hutton, Chief, Environmental, Economics and

 Demographics Branch ...................................................... (202) 720-6146
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To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten

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TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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