.enginemanufacturers.or g

VI A EMAI L Jun e 30 , 200 4 Mr . Rober

t Donaldson Busines s Complianc e Divisio n Massachusett

s Departmen

t o f Environmenta

l Protectio n On e Winte r Street, 8 t hFloor Boston , M A 0210 8 RE : Written Comment s o f th e Engin e Manufacturers Association o n Propose

d Revisions t o Section s 31 0 CM R7.0

0 an d 31 0 CM R70.00 , Engines an d Combustion Turbine s Dea r Mr . Donaldson : Th e Engin e Manufacturer s Associatio n (EMA ) i s th e trad e association representing th e leading manufacturers o f interna l combustion engine s includin g thos e diesel-fuele d an d gaseous fuele d engine s use

d i n emergenc

y standb y an d Distribute d Generation (DG ) application s tha t wil l b e regulated b y th

e propose d rul e cite d above . Accordingly , EM A ha s adirec t an d substantia l interes t i n th e pending Departmen

t o f Environmenta

l Protectio n (DEP ) adoptio n an d implementatio n o f

th e addition s an

d revision s t o 31 0 CM R7.0 0 an d 70.00 . EM A ha s played a

n activ e rol e wit h states , th e federal government , an

d organization s acros s th e countr y i n developing appropriat e emission s contro l standard s an d regulation s fo r

D G an d emergenc

y standb y generators . Wit h respec t to th e curren t rulemaking , EM A participate d i n th e initia l worksho

p an d provide d ora

l comment

s a t th e recen t publi c hearings . I n addition , EM A participate d i n th

e effort s o f

th e Regulator

y Assistance Projec t

(RAP ) t o develo

p astat e "model rule " t o contro l emission s fro mDG ; th e RA P wor k product essentially serves a

s a templat e fo r th e proposed Massachusett s standards . EM A appreciate s th

e opportunit

y t o provide inpu t

t o DE P durin g th

e rul e developmen

t proces s an

d believe s tha

t th e propose d rul e ha s bee n improve d by incorporatin g som e o f th e comment s an d recommendation s fro mparticipants . I n general , EM A supports th e inten t o f th e propose d regulatio n t

o establis h emission standard s fo r stationar y engin e an d turbine s an

d to streamlin e th e approva l proces s b y expandin

g th e Environmenta

l Results Program . W

e believ e tha t suc h action s ca

n hav e apositiv e effec t

on air qualit y a s wel l a s encourag

e th e expansion o f D G resource s i n th

e state . EM A als o support s th e nee d to provide separat

e an d distinc t regulatio n o f

emergency , standb

y generators . However , a

s noted i n ou

r comment s a t th e publi c hearing , EM A i s concerne d tha t severa l provision s o f

th e rul e wil l discourage th

e expansio

n o f clea n D G resource s i n th

e commonwealt

h

EM A Europea n Office , CP . 65 , CH-123 1 Conches , Switzerlan d

Telephon e an d Facsimile : +4 1 2 2 78 4 334 9an

d unnecessaril

y restric t th e installatio n an

d use o f stationar y engine s an

d generator

s t o produc

e electricit y fo r Massachusetts . Th

e fou r primar y concern s wit h th

e propose d regulation s ar

e a s follows :

• Th e propose d emission s standard

s fo r stationar y engine s ar

e overl y stringen

t an d ar e neithe r technicall y feasibl e no

r cos t effective .

• Th e propose d regulatio n wil l discourage th e expansion o f

energ y efficien t

an d clea n D G includin g combined hea

t an d powe r (CHP ) facilitie s i n th

e state .

• Th e regulatio n need

s to incorporat

e appropriat

e standard

s fo r alternativ e an

d renewabl

e fuel s suc h a s landfill , digester , an

d othe r biogases . Manufacturer s canno

t provide th

e thre e yea r or 15,00 0 hour s certificatio n require d i n th e propose d regulation , thereby negating th e intent o f th e regulatio n to streamlin

e an d reduc e permittin g requirements . Th e followin g provide s EMA' s detaile d comment s an d recommendation s o

n these ke

y issues a s wel l a s som e additiona

l comment

s on othe r aspect s o f th e rule . Th e propose

d missio n standards fo r new

, non-emergenc

y engine s ar e unnecessaril

y stringen tan d wil l hav

e a sever e negativ e impac to n th e us e o f D G an d CH P i n th

e commonwealth. Massachusett s DE P should adop

talternat

e emissio n standards tha

tar e technicall

y feasible and cos

teffective . Thi s wil l allow Massachusetts ' businesse s an d industr y t o continu e t o deplo y clea n D G resources , thereby taking advantag e o f th e resultan tenhance d reliability , economi

c savings , an

d ai r qualit

y benefit s of f D G an d CHP . Th e emission standard

s fo r new , non-emergenc

y engine s propose

d i n 31 0 CM R7.26 ar

e base d o n th e RA P model rul e an

d impos e increasingly stringen t requirements betwee

n 200 5 an d 2012 . Th e propose d NO x standards , startin g wit h 0. 6 lbs/MW h an d decreasin

g to 0.1 5 lbs/MWh , ar

e sufficientl y stringen

t t o requir e al l generator

s t o b e equippe d wit h expensiv

e NO x aftertreatmen

t contro l equipment , eve

n clean-burning natura

l ga s units . Today , gaseous-fueled engine s ca n achiev e emission s level s o f

2- 6 lbs/MW h withou t aftertreatmen

t whil e achievin g energ

y efficiencie s a

s hig h a s 42% . Engine s manufacturer s ar e currently engage

d i n long-ter

mresearc h wit h th e U.S . Departmen

t o f Energ y t o improv e engin

e efficienc y an

d reduce emission s through th e Advance d Reciprocatin g Engin e System s (ARES ) program . Th

e goa l o f thi s multi-yea

r researc h an d developmen

t progra mi s to develo

p ahig h efficiency , lo w emittin g engin e tha t ca n generat e electricit

y i n acos t competitiv e manner . Th e 201 0 stretc

h goal s fo r

th e ARE S progra

mar e to produce prototyp e engine s wit h 50 % efficienc y an d aNO x emission leve l o f 0. 3 lbs/MWh . Th e propose d Massachusetts ' regulatio n set s a0. 3 lbs/MW h emission s standar d full y tw o year s befor e completio n o f

th e ARE S researc

h an d wel l befor

e th e possible successful commercializatio n o f

suc h engines . I t

als o establishe s a

n ultimat e emissio n limi t

o f 0.1 5 lbs/MWh tha

t i s wel l belo w eve

n th e stretch goa

l o f th e ARE S program . A t

thi s time , i t

ha s not bee n demonstrate

d tha t suc h extremel

y lo w NO x emission s level s ar e eve n technicall y feasibl e

Ion asustainabl e basi s fo r

interna l combustio n engines . Meetin g suc h stringen

t standards , eve

n i f the y wer e feasible , woul d increase th e cost s o f suc h system s an d mak e their economic feasibility questionabl

e a t best . Th e ne t effec t o f th e propose d standard

s wil l b e to eliminat

e natura l ga s engines , th

e predominan

t technolog y fo r

distribute d generation an d CH P units , fro mth

e marketplac e i n Massachusetts . A s a n exampl e o f th e effec t o f overl y stringen

t emission s standard

s on th e D G marketplace , on

e nee d onl y look

to California . Californi adevelope d aNO x emission standar d o f 0. 5 lbs/MW h fo r

smal l D G sources i n 200 1 wit h a n effectiv e dat

e i n 2003 . Currently , onl y fou r generator s set s hav e bee n certifie d to thi s standard , tw o microturbine s an d tw o fue l cell s - al l unde r 25 0 kW . Consequently , th e option s availabl e to potentia l user s o f smal l D G system

s hav e bee n severel y curtailed , an

d an y futur e expande

d us e o f D G i n Californi ai s i n jeopardy . I f DE P adopt s th e standard

s a s proposed , w

e expec t tha t n o cos t effectiv e D G equipmen

t wil l b e certifie d i n MA , thu s renderin g th

e entir e regulatio n an

d streamlinin g progra

mmoot . Clearly , th

e en d result o f implementin g an

y emission s standard

s fo r prime stationar

y engine s should b

e t o ensur e tha t emission s fro mth

e sourc e categor y ar e a s lo w a s practical , no t to plac e adefact

o ba n on futur e installatio n o r disrup t th e marke t i n suc h awa y a s to discourage further investmen

t i n produc t

developmen

t an d improvement . Unfortunately , th e propose d 31 0 CMR7.26 NO x standard s wil l likel y mak

e th e installatio n o f

D G equipmen

t economically infeasible , thereby curtailin g an y marke t growt h prospect

s fo r D G equipment . Withou t aviabl e market , industr

y ha s n o busines s reaso

n to inves t

i n developing cleane

r energ y resource s i n Massachusetts . Compounding th

e technica

l difficultie s an

d hig h cost

s associate

d wit h th e propose d NO x standards , th

e proposed regulatio n include s bot h aCO , P M an

d carbon dioxid e standar

d tha t plac e further constraint s o n option s an d contro l strategie s fo r

stationar y engines . Becaus

e o f th e ver y stringen t NO x standards , al l engine-base d D G equipmen

t wil l requir

e th e additio n o f aftertreatmen

t equipment . Fo

r lea n bur n gaseous-fueled an

d compressio

n ignitio n engines , manufacturers wil l b

e force d to us

e Selective Catalyti c Reduction (SCR ) aftertreatmen

t device s tha t us e ure ato reduce NO x emission levels . I n conjunctio n wit h th

e stringen t NO x standard , DE

P i s proposing CO an

d CO 2 standard

s a s well . Becaus

e interna l combustio n engine s ar

e highl y energ

y efficien t

compare d to othe r form s o f electricit y generation , th

e propose d CO 2 standar d woul d no t

normall y b

e problematic . However , whe

n combined wit h th

e nee d fo r NOx , PM , an

d CO controls , al l o f

whic h wil l requir

e aftertreatmen

t an d result i n lowe r overal l energ

y an d fue l efficiency . Th

e additio n o f

aCO 2 standar d add s t o th e uncertaint

y an d constraint s o n th

e D G system . Th

e combinatio n o f

stric t emission s limit s an

d energ y efficienc y constraint s impose d b y th e CO 2 emission standar

d wil l effectivel y remov

e an y cost-effectiv e option s fo r D G i n th e state . DE P i s proposing aC

O standar d o f 2. 0 lbs/MW h i n 200 8 an d 1. 0 lbs/MW h i n 2012 . A s engin e manufacturers wor

k to mee t th e NO x standard , i t

wil l b e problemati c to simultaneousl y achiev e a90 % reductio n i n CO emissions . Doin g s o wil l requir

e th e developmen

t an d additio n 3o f

a n additiona

l aftertreatmen

t devic e independen

t o f th e NO x reductio n system . Thi s wil l ad d to th e complexit

y an d cost s o f an y emission s contro l syste man d wil l no t result i n substantia

l benefit s t o ai r quality . EM A recommend s tha t th e CO emission s limi t

remai n stabl

e through 2012 . To ensur

e acontinuin g viabl e marke t fo r D G i n Massachusetts , EM A recommends tha t DE P propose reasonabl

e an d effectiv e NO x standard s tha t ar e i n lin e wit h th

e stat e o f technology a s i t continue s t o evolv e ove

r th e nea r future . Ther

e ar e anumbe

r o f emerging technologie s t

o reduc e NO x emission s fro mstationar y engines , includin g th

e us e o f exhaus t ga s recirculatio n an d thee-wa y catalysts , tha

t offe r promis e fo r

eve n greate r emission s reduction s i n th e future . However , these potentia

l contro l technologie s currentl y com e wit h ahig h penalt

y i n fue l an

d energ y efficienc y tha

t degrad e on e o f th e grea t advantages o f

interna l combustio n engines , namel y hig h energ

y efficiency . Industr

y an d governmen

t nee d mor e time to develo

p these technologie s s

o tha t no t onl y ar e NO x emission s significantl y decrease d bu t als o tha t th e engine' s inheren

t energ y efficiency , reliability , an d reasonabl

e cos t structur e ar e maintained . Accordingly , EM A recommend s tha t Massachusett

s adop t th e followin g NO x standard s i n th e final regulatio n fo r

ne w stationary , prim

e engines :

. 200 5 - 2. 2 lbs/MW h

. 2008

- 1.

0 lbs/MW h

. 201 2 - 0. 3 lbs/Mw h Thes e progressively mor

e stringen t emission s standard

s wil l allo w th

e bes t performin g generator s t o b e installe d withou t

th e nee d fo r expensiv e SC R aftertreatmen

t device s through 200 7 an d creat e o r maintai n aviabl e marke

t fo r D G i n th e state . I n addition , settin g areasonabl e standar d o f 2. 2 lbs/MW h wil l als o hav e apositiv e effec t

o n NO x inventorie s since tha t emission rat e i s essentiall

y equivalen

t to o r lowe r than , averag

e emission s level s produced b y utilit y centra l an d peaking generator

s an d ma y als o reliev e th

e nee d to maintai n spinnin g reserv e capacity . Th

e 201 2 emissio n standar

d recommende

d by EM A i s i n lin e wit h industr y an d U S DOE researc

h objective s to develo

p an d introduc e extremel

y low-emission , cost-effectiv e generator s set s i n th e 2010-201 2 timeframe . Th e 200 5 emissio n standar

d fo r NO x recommende

d b y EM A i s significan t

sinc e i t wil l accomplish th

e dua l goal s o f improvin g ambien

t ai r qualit y an d allowin g th

e continue d expansio n o f D G i n th e state . Usin g th

e slightl y highe

r emission s standar

d fro m2005-200

7 wil l allo w th e us e o f clean , gaseous-fuele

d generator

s withou t th e nee d fo r SC R NO x aftertreatmen

t devices , thu s makin g th

e installatio n an

d operation o f

D G muc h mor e cost effectiv e whil e assurin g tha t D G i s les s pollutin g tha

n th e peaking powe

r tha t i t i s replacing . EM A als o recommends tha t th e DE P maintai n th

e initia l 1 0 lb/MW h standar d fo r C O throughou

t th e time perio d an

d tha t DE P delet e th e CO 2 standar d fro mth e regulation . Given th

e nee d t o mee t th e othe r stric t emission s standard

s o f th e propose d regulation , ther

e i s n o wa y fo r engin e o r generato r manufacturer s to effectivel y contro l o r alte r th e inheren t CO 2 emission s fro m aspecifi c generato

r set . Considering tha

t th e priorit y to contro l emission s i s properl y placed o n minimizin g emission s o f

criteri apollutants , suc

h a s NOx , CO , an

d PM , an d tha t C0 2 emission s 4

1fro mstationar y engine s ar

e minimal , ther

e i s littl e to b

e gaine d b y adding additiona

l constraint s tha t only mak e complianc e wit h th

e primar y emission s standard

s mor e difficult . Adoptio n an d implementatio

n o f th e regulatio

n a s propose d wil l discourage , an

d perhaps halt, th

e expansio

n o f D G an d CH P i n th

e Commonwealt

h o f Massachusetts . A s indicate d i n th

e Background section o f

th e propose d regulations , th

e proposa l i s intended to assur

e deploymen

t o f environmentally soun

d stationar

y engines , regulat

e emission s consisten t wit h need

s an d allo w time fo r

developmen

t o f effectiv e emission s reductio n technologies . Becaus

e o f th e ver y stringen t emission s contro l requirements proposed , 31 0 CM R 7 doe s not achiev e thos e intended outcomes . Th e primar y reaso n tha t th e propose d regulatio n fail s i n thi s regar d i s becaus

e th e propose d NO x emission s standard s g o wel l beyon

d wha t i s neede d t o assur e tha t ne w D G sources ar e cleane r tha n th e centra l statio n powe

r plants tha

t ar e currently producin g th

e electricit y tha t they wil l replace . A s state d i n th e OT C Distribute d Generation Initiativ e (Marc h 2001) , ai r regulator s nee

d to ensur

e tha t ne w form s o f

electricit y generation ar

e a t least a s clea n a s th e powe r the y ar e replacing . Th

e propose d NO x emission s standard s g o wel l beyon

d wha t i s neede d to mee t tha t objective . Evidenc e tha

t th e EM A recommende

d NO x emission s standard s ar e mor e tha n sufficien t t o protec t ai r qualit y i n Massachusett

s comes fro mtw o recently completed reports . Th e Synaps e Report 1 conclude s tha

t whe n existin g D G resource s i n Ne w England ar e use d to mee t reserv e requirements , ther

e i s amor

e efficien t

uni t commitment , reduce

d operatio n o f

oil

- an d gas-fire d stea munits , an

d apotentia

l reductio n i n criteri apollutio n emissions . Synaps e reports tha

t summe r reduction s coul d b

e a s larg e a s 4 1 ton s o f

NO x i f onl y gaseous-fueled D G unit s ar e use d an d 2 3 ton s i f onl y diesel-fire d unit s ar e used . Th e conclusio n o f

th e repor t tha t "emission s reduction s i n criteri apollutant s ar e likel y to resul t fro mne w D R(DG ) resource s tha t ar e use d to mee t reserv e requirements " i s base

d o n NO x emission rate s o f

5 lb/MW h fo r

gaseous-fuele

d interna l combustion engine s an

d 3 0 lbs/MW h fo r diese l fuele d engines . Consequently , adopting th e emission s limi t

o f 2. 2 lbs/MW h fo r

ne w D G unit s woul d furthe r

enhanc e th e NO x benefit s reporte d i n th e Synaps e repor t an d result i n eve n large r NO x emissio n reduction s a s ne w D G sources ar

e added . Th e secon d sourc e o f informatio n i s th

e NESCAU M repor

t o n stationar

y diese l engine s i n th e Northeast 2 . Th e repor t attempt s to identif

y th e numbe r o f stationar y diesel engine s i n Ne w Englan d a s wel l a s thei r impact o n ai r quality . Althoug h acknowledgin g reliabilit y problem s wit h th e informatio n base

s use d t o estimat

e th e numbe r o f generator s an d their hours o f operation , th

e NESCAU M repor

t states tha

t "additiona

l emission s impacts associate d wit h th e us e o f stationar y diese l generator

s i n recentl

y introduce d forma l deman d response program s hav e

1 Keith , G. , an

d B . Biewald . 200 3 Result s o f Deman d Respons

e Emission s Modeling , Executiv e Summary . Synaps e Energ y Economics , Inc , Jun

e 18 , 2003 . 1 9 pp . 2 Northeast

State s fo r Coordinate d Ai r

Us e Management . 2003 . Stationar y Diese l Engine s i n th

e Northeast : A n Initia l Assessmen

t o f th e Regiona

l Population , Contro l Technology Options , an d Ai r Qualit y Polic y Issues . NESCAUM , Jun

e 2003 . Boston , 5t

o dat e bee n smal l - o n a

n annua l basi s - relativ e to stat

e an d loca l inventorie s o f

emission s fro m al l pollutio n sources . . . I t i s importan

t t o emphasiz

e tha t th e most importan t emission s an

d publi c healt

h concern s relate d to diese l generator

s probabl y hav e les s t o d o wit h their

NO x emission s o

r their contributio n to overal l emission s inventorie s typicall y use d fo r attainmen

t plannin g purposes. " Furthermore , NESCAU M estimate s annua l NO x emission s fo r

al l electri c generator

s i n New Yor k Cit y an d Fairfiel d County , CT , to b e abou t 1 % an d 3% , respectively , o f

eac h state' s annua l NO x inventory . NESCAU M indicate s tha t thes e ma y b e overestimate s since the

y assume d ahig h utilizatio n rat

e o f nearl y 3,80 0 hours pe

r yea r fo r al l generator

s an d use d 15-yea r ol demission s factor s tha

t d o not reflec t curren t emission level s fro mmoder n engines . Th

e repor t states tha t NO x emission s fro msmal l diese l generator

s ar e likel y t o remai n relativel y modes t i n th e contex t o f state' s overal l attainmen t plannin g an

d obligation s i n most

areas . Informatio n i n th

e abov e reports provide s evidence tha t th e emission s concerns i n Massachusett

s fro mdistribute d generation ar e not significan t

a t thi s time an

d ar e likel y to remai

n small . I n addition , the

y demonstrat

e tha t increase d deploymen

t o f D G resource s ca

n actuall y hav e apositiv e impac t

on emission s o f

criteri apollutant s by eliminatin g the nee d fo r reserve s an d displacin g highe

r emittin g oi l an

d ga s fire d centra

l powe r plants . Give n these facts , ther e i s n o justificatio n fo r

th e stat e to adop t th e ver y stringen t emission s standard

s proposed , particularl y whe n suc h emission standards wil l discourage , i f not completely disrupt , an

y futur e growt

h i n D G markets i n th

e state . Becaus

e th e propose d emission s standard

s woul d mak

e D G sources muc h mor e expensiv

e du e t o th e nee d t o ad d aftertreatmen

t t o al l systems , th

e ultimat e outcom e o f 31 0 CM R7 wil l b

e to discourage th

e ver y D G sources tha

t th e abov e tw o reports indicat

e woul d hav

e apositiv e effec t

on ai r quality . Revised emission

s standards fo r engine

s tha tutiliz e alternat

e gaseou s fuels , suc

h a s landfil l ga

s an d biogases , ar

e neede d s o tha tth e environmentall

y beneficia

l us e o f thos e fuel s ca n continue . Th e propose d emission standard

s fo r stationar y engine s ar

e problemati c fro matechnica l an d cost-effectivenes s standpoin t fo r fuel s suc

h a s diese l an d natura l gas . However , those standard s wil l b e impossibl e to mee

t whe n alternativ e o

r biofuel s ar

e use d a s afue l Ther e ar e man y environmental , natura

l resource conservation , an d ai r qualit y benefit s to b e gaine d whe n wast e gase s o r biogase s ar

e use d fo r fuel . Suc

h gases , whic h woul d normall y eithe r b e vented to th

e atmospher

e o r flared , ca n be harnesse

d b y using internal combustion engine s t o produce electricit y o r heat . Thi s approac

h ha s th e dua l benefit s o f

reducing emission s an d recyclin g energy . However , du

e t o th e inheren t qualitie s an

d compositio n o f

these ga s streams , i t

i s ofte n impossibl e t

o assur e th e qualit y o f th e gase s a s acombustion fue l o

r to apply catalyst-base

d aftertreatmen

t systems . Fo

r th e mos t part , emission s fro mengine s utilizin g these ga s stream s wil l hav e highe r emission s compare

d to burnin g pipelin e grad e fuel s tha

t hav e aconsisten

t quality . 6

iBecaus e aftertreatmen

t system s generall y canno t b e used , an y stationar

y engin e syste m using biofuel s woul d no t b e abl e t o mee t th e proposed standards . Th e regulatio n woul d hav

e th e effec t o f preventin g th

e furthe r utilizatio n o f

th e wast e ga s streams . Thi s i s unfortunat e becaus e ther e ar e man y benefit s fro mdoin g so . I n orde r t o assur e th e continue d us

e o f alternat e fue l an d wast e ga s stream s suc h a s landfill , digester, an

d biofue l gases , th

e regulatio n should establish separat e emission s standard

s fo r these processes . DE

P shoul d surve

y emission s fro mexistin g facilitie s i n th e stat e an d determin e appropriat

e emission s standard

s base d on th e stat e o f technology . Suc

h emission s standard s should als o tak

e int o accoun

t th e typ e o f fue l used . Th e proposa

l t o require manufacturer s t o certif y tha ta generator wil l mee

tth e propose d emission

s standard s fo r 15,00

0 hour s o f operatio n o r 3 years is beyon

d th e currentindustr

y standar

d an d technica

l capabilit

y o f emission s control equipment

. Section (43)(e ) o f

th e propose d regulatio n require s tha

t generato r manufacturers suppl

y a certifie d statemen

t tha t aparticula

r mak e an d model o f

th e generato

r ha s th e ability t o comply wit h th e applicable emission s standard s fo r 15,00 0 hours o f

operatio n o

r thre e years , whicheve

r i s less . Importantly , th

e proposed certificatio n perio d goe s wel l beyon

d th e expecte d lif e o f curren t engine s an

d th e emission s warrant

y requirements a

s applie d t o mobil e sourc e emission s b y th e U.S . EPA . Engine s use d i n stationar

y sources ar

e generall y th e sam e a s thos e use

d i n nonroa d mobil e application s whic h ar e manufacture d t

o U S EP A emission s standards . I n th e U S EP A nonroa d regulations , th

e usefu l life o f

nonroa d engines , define d a

s th e time perio d tha

t th e engine s must

mee t emission s standards , i s onl y 8,00 0 hour s (4 0 CF R1039.101) . Moreover , engin e manufacturer s ar

e onl y require d t

o warran t emission s fo r

al l nonroa

d equipmen

t fo r 3,00 0 hour s o f operatio n (roughly 150,00 0 miles ) o

r five years , whicheve

r comes firs t

(4 0 CF R 1039.120) . Th

e emission certificatio n perio d propose d b y th e DE P fo r these sam

e engine s i n stationar y application s i s ove

r twic e a s lon g a s th e norma l usefu l life o f

th e engin e an d 5 time s longe r tha n th e emission s warrant

y perio d fo r

nonroa d engine s an

d equipment . I t

i s not logical o r technicall y possible to guarante e tha t stationar y engine s wil l mee

t th e propose d emission s limit s fo r 15,00 0 hours whe

n tha t time perio d i s wel l beyon d th e usefu l life o f

th e engin e itself . A secon d reaso n why thi s propose

d certificatio n perio d i s unreasonabl e i s tha t th e proposed emission s standards woul d requir e th e us e o f aftertreatmen

t device s to mee

t emission s limits , an d engin e an d generato

r manufacturers must

rel y o n th

e warrant y condition s o f

th e emission s contro l aftertreatmen t systems . Currently , thes e manufacture s als o d

o no t warran t their products fo r

suc h alon g time period , an

d man y system s ar e not designe d to las t 15,00 0 hours . Therefore , i t

woul d be virtuall y impossibl e fo r generato r manufacturers to certify tha t th e emission s woul d mee

t th e requirements o f

th e propose d regulatio n whe

n th e manufacture s o f

th e requisit e emission contro l equipmen t ar e not likel y to provide suc

h awarranty . Finally , give n tha

t th e propose d regulatio n woul d becom e effectiv e i n 2005 , eve

n i f th e standard s wer e adopte d toda y an d manufacturers wer

e t o immediately star

t testin g integrated 7systems , i t woul d tak

e unti l a t leas t Februar y 200 6 to test

D G system

s fo r 15,00 0 hours o f operation . Quit

e simply , ther

e i s insufficien t

time to complet

e th e required testin g i n orde

r t o mee t th e propose d certificatio n requirements . Consequently , ther e woul d essentiall

y b e n o certifie d generator

s availabl e fo r

installatio n i n th

e stat e unti l afte

r mi d2006 . Eac h manufacture

r ha s their own policie s an

d statement

s o n warrant y issues . Standard

s an d practice s not

onl y var y amon g manufacturers , bu

t als o amon

g technologies . Th

e norma l practic e o f

most manufacturers i s to certif y o r warran t their products fo r

on e year . Rathe r tha n requir e th e generato

r manufacture

r to provide certificatio n fo r suc h a n unreasonabl

e time period , th

e DE P shoul d requir

e th e operato r to maintai n th

e generato

r an d an y emission s contro l equipmen t s o tha t th e propose d emission limit s ar

e met . I n thi s way , th

e operato r wil l hav e arequiremen

t to properly maintai n o

r replace th

e equipmen

t to ensur e tha t emission s remain belo w th e applicabl e standards . Manufacturers ' warrant y an d certificatio n programs wil l continu e to b e acompetitiv e marketin g issue , spurring manufacturer s t o offe r improve d products an

d bette r warranties . I f an y certificatio n perio d i s t o b e include d i n th

e final regulation , i t

shoul d b e reduce d to atime perio d corresponding to curren t industr y practic e o f

offerin g aon

e yea r warranty . ADDITIONA L COMMENT S EM A support

s th e adoptio n o f emission s standards fo r emergenc y engine s base d o n th e U S EP A Nonroa

d Mobile Sourc

e Regulation

s EM A supports DEP' s proposa l to requir e emergenc

y engine s t

o mee t U S EP A nonroa d engin e standards . Applyin g th e Tier 2 an d Tier 3 nonroa d engin e standard

s wil l minimiz e emission s fromthi s sourc e categor y whil e a t th e sam e time ensurin

g tha t emergenc y engine s wil l b e abl e to perfor

mtheir intended life-savin g functions . EM A als o supports th

e revisio n to th

e draf t rul e tha t eliminate d emission s limit s fo r emergenc y engine s greate

r tha n 1 M W tha

t wer e differen t

fro mth e US EP A Nonroa

d standards . Thi s total alignmen

t o f emergenc

y engin e standards wil l eliminat

e confusio n an

d als o hel p assur e tha t complain

t engine s ar

e availabl e i n th

e greate r tha n 1 M W siz

e category . Th e DE P need

s t o clarif y an d prescrib e th

e certificatio n requirement s fo r stationar

y engines . Section 43(e)(1 ) indicate s tha t n o perso n shal l instal l a

n engin e unles s tha

t perso n ha s certifie d complianc e to th e emission s standard

s i n accordanc

e wit h 31 0 CM R70.00 . Section 31 0 CM R70.03 require s th

e responsibl

e perso n a t afacilit y to simpl y stat

e tha t th e facilit y i s i n complianc e wit h th

e requirements an

d th e regulatio n doe

s no t appea r to requir e an y documentation regardin g emission s standards . I t appear s tha t th e DE P intend s owne

r an d operator

s o f stationar y engine s t

o b e responsibl e fo r certifyin g th

e performanc e o f

engine s an

d system s rathe r tha n manufacturers . Thi s shoul d b

e clarifie d i n th

e regulation . 8

iI n addition , n o requirements o

r guidance ar

e given regarding wha

t constitute s adequat

e documentation . Wil l alette r fro mamanufacture

r b e sufficien t

o r must test results demonstrating complianc e b

e submitte d o

r available . I n terms o f

engine s tha

t requir e aftertreatment , mus t

th e installe d syste

mb e tested o r wil l astatemen

t fro mth e aftertreatmen

t equipmen

t manufacture

r an d astatemen

t regardin g engine-ou

t emission s suffic e t

o obtai n certification . EM A recommends tha

t DE P revie w thi s section an

d clarif y th e requirements an

d th e documentation tha

t ar e necessar

y to certify engine s fo r

us e i n stationar

y applications . EM A support s th e principl e tha

t th e responsibilit

y fo r certificatio n to Section 31 0 CM Remission s standard s b e placed o n th

e owner/operato

r o f th e facility . However , w

e als o believ e tha

t suc h certificatio n must

b e documente

d b y statements , forma l letters , o r evidence o f

certificatio n tha

t ar e derive d fro mtes t

dat ao r engineering studies . Otherwise , certificatio n woul d b e meaningless . EM A strongl

y support

s th e inclusion o

f adjuste d emission

s standards or emission s credito r offset

s fo r D G facilitie s usin

g Combine

d Hea tan d Powe r (CHP ) technolog

y i n th e fina l regulation . D G facilitie s tha

t incorporat

e CH P int o their

design an d operation s provide man y benefit s includin g improve d fue l an d energ y efficienc y compare

d to D G facilitie s tha

t onl y produc e electricity . CH

P facilitie s ca

n produce useabl

e hea t an d powe r a t a n efficienc y rat

e o f ove r 80 % an d thu s creates a

n excellen

t opportunit

y to sav e fue l an d conserv e natura l resources . Th

e draf t regulatio n doe

s no t recogniz e th

e emission s benefit s o f

CH P tha t result fro mth e us e o f exces s hea t fro mengine s to provide benefit s suc h a s heating an

d cooling . CH

P replace s th

e nee d fo r additiona l energ y us e throug h combustio n t o produce a n equivalen

t benefit . Th e fina l regulatio n shoul d incorporat e provision s tha

t allo w emission s credit s o r offset s fo r D G facilitie s tha

t utiliz e CHP . Thi s shoul d b e i n th e for mo f highe r allowabl e emission s limit s fo r CH P facilitie s tha

t reflec t th e emission s save

d usin g th e equivalen

t energ y neede d t o produce th

e benefit . Incorporatin g suc h abenefi t

into th e rul e wil l encourag

e th e furthe r deploymen

t o f CH P facilitie s i n th

e state . EM A believe s tha

t th e recommende

d changes noted abov

e ar e critica l t

o makin g th

e proposed regulatio n feasibl e a

s wel l a s to minimiz e th

e disruptio n o f

th e D G marke

t i n Massachusetts . A s noted , th e mor e reasonabl

e standard

s recommende

d by EM A wil l stil l b

e protectiv e o f

th e environmen

t an d fulfil l th

e goal s o f th e regulation . Eve

n wit h thes

e les s stringen

t emission s standards , th

e resultin g expande

d deploymen

t o f D G wil l actually hel

p reduc e NO x an d othe r emission s i n th

e state . Th e Economi c Impac

to f th e propose

d regulatio

n a s state d i n Sectio

n V o f th e Background Documen

tdoe s no tadequatel

y reflec tth e real cost

s o f th e propose d regulation an d shoul d b e revised . DE P indicate s tha

t ther e ar e essentiall

y n o economic impacts t

o th e regulated communit

y fro mth e propose d regulation . Thi s clearly i s not th e case .

9DE P i s establishin g ver

y stringen t emission standard

s fo r stationar y engin e an d turbine system s tha t wil l significantl y increas e th e initia l capita

l an d operating cost

s o f thes e Systems . I t i s certainl y inaccurat

e to stat e tha t th e regulatio n wil l no t

affec t owner s an d operators o f

suc h systems . Th

e regulation s will , i n fact , hav e asignifican t

economi c impac t i n Massachusett

s b y establishing futur e emission standard s fo r stationar y engine s an

d turbine s tha

t wil l requir

e th e additio n o f

aftertreatmen

t an d requir e suppliers to me

t ver y stringen t performanc e standards . DE P need s to addres s these economi c impacts o f

th e regulatio n befor

e i t i s finalized . EM A look s forwar d to continue to wor k wit h DE P an d othe r stakeholder

s to craf t afina l regulatio n tha

t achieve s th

e state d goal s o f th e agenc y to assur e tha t emission s fro mD G i n th e stat e d o no t degrad e ai r qualit y an d to encourag

e th e installatio n an

d deploymen

t o f clean , energ

y efficien t D G to mee

t th e state' s growin g electricit y needs . W e woul d b

e happ y to provide additiona

l informatio n o

r answe r an y question s yo u ma

y have . Sincerely , Josep h L . Sucheck

i Director , Publi c Affair s

1 0