Grayback Glades Research Natural 

Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Reid Schuller, Bryan Wender, and Rachel Showalter

United States Department of Agriculture

Forest 

Service

Pacific Northwest 

Research Station

General Technical Report

PNW-GTR-930

February

2016
Authors

Reid Schuller is a plant ecologist, Western Stewardship Science Institute, 

P.O. Box 1173, Bend, OR 97709; Bryan Wender is a botanist, Medford District, Bureau of Land Management, Medford, OR 97504; Rachel Showalter

is a botanist, Grants Pass Resource Area, Medford District, Bureau of Land 

Management, Grants Pass, OR 97526. 

The Pacific Northwest Research Station is publishing this guidebook as part 

of a continuing series of guidebooks on federal research natural areas begun 

in 1972.

Cover photograph: Grayback Glades Research Natural Area, by 

Reid Schuller.

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Abstract

Schuller, Reid; Wender, Bryan; Showalter, Rachel. 2016. Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area: guidebook supplement 49. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNWGTR-930. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific 

Northwest Research Station. 26 p. 

This guidebook describes major biological and physical attributes of the 433-ha 

(1,070-ac) Grayback Glades Research Natural Area. The area supports highelevation examples of white fir–Shasta red fir (Abies concolor[Gord. + Glend]–

Abies magnifica var. shastensis) forest along the crest of the Siskiyou Mountains in 

southwestern Oregon. High-elevation Sitka alder (Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata) glades 

are also represented on the site. Drainages support large individuals of Port Orford 

cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana[A. Murray bis]).

Keywords: Research natural area, area of critical environmental concern, 

white fir (Abies concolor), Shasta red fir (Abies magnifica var. shastensis), Port 

Orford cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), Port Orford cedar root disease, 

Phytophthora lateralis, alder glade, Sitka alder (Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata).
Preface

The research natural area (RNA) described in this supplement1 is administered by 

the Medford District, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Department of the 

Interior.

Grayback Glades RNA is part of a federal system2 of natural areas established 

for research and educational purposes.3 Of the 183 federal RNAs established in 

Oregon and Washington, 45 are described in “Federal Research Natural Areas in 

Oregon and Washington: A Guidebook for Scientists and Educators” (see footnote 

1). This report is a supplement to the guidebook. 

Each RNA is a site where elements4 are protected or managed for scientific 

purposes and natural processes are allowed to dominate. The objectives for establishing RNA are to:

• Maintain a wide spectrum of high-quality areas that represent the major 

forms of variability found in forest, shrubland, grassland, alpine, and natural situations that have scientific interest and importance that, in combination, form a national network of ecological areas for research, education, 

and maintenance of biological diversity.

1

 Supplement No. 49 to Franklin, J.F.; Hall, F.C.; Dyrness, C.T.; Maser, C. 1972. Federal 

research natural areas in Oregon and Washington: a guidebook for scientists and educators. 

Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest 

and Range Experiment Station. 498 p.

2

 Six federal agencies cooperate in this program in the Pacific Northwest: U.S. Department 

of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Fish and Wildlife Service, and National Park 

Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; U.S. Department of Energy; and 

U.S. Department of Defense. In addition, the federal agencies cooperate with state agencies 

and private organizations in Oregon and Washington in the Pacific Northwest Interagency 

Natural Area Committee. Taken from Wilson, T.M.; Schuller, R.; Holmes, R.; Pavola, C.; 

Fimbel, R.A.; McCain, C.N.; Gamon, J.G.; Speaks, P.; Seevers, J.I.; DeMeo, T.E.; Gibbons, 

S. 2009. Interagency strategy for the Pacific Northwest Natural Areas Network. Gen. 

Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-798. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Research Station. 33 p.

3

 See Wilson et al. (2009) for a more complete discussion of rationale for establishment 

of RNAs.

4

 Elements are the basic units to be represented in a natural area system. An element may 

be an ecosystem, community, habitat, or organism. Taken from Dyrness, C.T.; Franklin, 

J.F.; Maser, C.; Cook, S.A.; Hall, J.D.; Faxon, G. 1975. Research natural area needs in the 

Pacific Northwest: a contribution to land-use planning. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-38. Portland, 

OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range 

Experiment Station. 231 p.
• Preserve and maintain genetic diversity, including threatened, endangered, 

and sensitive species.

• Protect against human-caused environmental stressors.

• Serve as reference areas for the study of natural ecological processes, 

including disturbance.

• Provide onsite and extension educational activities.

• Serve as baseline areas for measuring long-term ecological changes.

• Serve as control areas for comparing results from manipulative research.

• Monitor effects of resource management techniques and practices.

The guiding principle in managing RNAs is to maintain natural ecological 

processes or conditions for which the site is designated. Activities that impair scientific or educational values are not permitted within RNAs. Management practices 

necessary to maintain or restore ecosystems may be allowed.

Federal RNAs provide a unique system of publicly owned and protected 

examples of relatively unmodified ecosystems where scientists can conduct research 

with minimal interference and reasonable assurance that investments in long-term 

studies will not be lost to logging, land development, or similar activities. Scientists and educators wishing to visit or use Grayback Glades RNA for scientific or 

educational purposes should contact the Medford BLM district office manager in 

advance and provide information about research or educational objectives, sampling 

procedures, and other prospective activities. Research projects, educational visits, 

and collection of specimens from the RNA all require prior approval. There may be 

limitations on research or educational activities.

A scientist or educator wishing to use the RNA is obligated to:

• Obtain permission from the appropriate administering agency before using 

the area (see footnote 2).

• Abide by the administering agency’s regulations governing use, including 

specific limitations on the type of research, sampling methods, and other 

procedures.

• Inform the administering agency on progress of the research, published 

results, and disposition of collected materials.
The purpose of this approval process is to:

• Ensure that the ecological integrity and scientific and educational values of 

the RNA are not compromised.

• Provide information to scientists about other research occurring on the 

RNA so that potential collaborations may be fostered and conflicts avoided. 

• Maintain records of research activities and research results to benefit the 

BLM, other agencies, and future researchers. 

Appropriate uses of RNAs are determined by the administering agency. 

Destructive analysis of vegetation is generally not allowed, nor are studies requiring extensive substrate modification such as extensive soil excavation. Collection 

of plant and animal specimens is generally restricted to voucher specimens or 

approved research activities. Under no circumstances may collecting significantly 

reduce species populations. Collecting must also be carried out in accordance with 

all other federal and state agency regulations. 
Contents

1 Introduction

1 Access and Accommodations

1 Environment

3 Climate

5 Vegetation

12 Fauna

12 Disturbance History

12 Research History

13 Maps

13 Acknowledgments

13 English Equivalents

13 References

16 Appendix 1: Plants

19 Appendix 2: Fungi

23 Appendix 3: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals

1

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Introduction

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area (RNA) lies at the crest of the Siskiyou 

Mountains in Josephine County, 26 km (16.2 mi) east of Cave Junction, Oregon. 

The 433-ha (1,070-ac) site was designated as an RNA in the Medford District 

Record of Decision and Resource Management Plan (Federal Register 1995, USDI 

BLM 1995). 

The Grayback Glades site was established as an RNA because it supports two 

forested ecosystems representative of the Klamath ecoregion (ONHAC 2010): (1) 

white fir (Abies concolor)

1

 and Shasta red fir (Abies magnifica var. shastensis) 

at high elevations with a Sadler oak (Quercus sadleriana) understory; and (2) 

a mid-elevation Port Orford cedar–white fir/Cascade barberry (Chamaecyparis 

lawsoniana–Abies concolor/Berberis nervosa) forest plant association. The RNA 

also supports numerous examples of high-elevation alder glades (ONHAC 2010).

Access and Accommodations

The site is located along the crest of the Siskiyou Mountains in Josephine County. 

To access the RNA from Williams, Oregon, proceed south from the Williams Post 

Office on East Fork Road (a.k.a. Williams Highway). At 5.8 km (3.6 mi), take the 

right fork (paved) onto Bureau of Land Management (BLM) road 39-5-14 (a.k.a. 

Rock Creek Road). Stay on the pavement to Grayback Mountain trailhead at 9.8 km 

(6.1 mi). At 10 km (6.2 mi), turn left onto BLM road 39-5-21. A locked gate crosses 

the road at 10.1 km (6.3 mi). To open the gate, a key must be obtained from the 

BLM Medford District office. After passing through the gate, continue to 12.1 km 

(7.5 mi) and take the left fork. Continue to 13.4 km (8.3 mi) and park next to Right 

Hand Fork Rock Creek on the north boundary of the RNA (fig. 1). 

Obtain permission to access the area from the BLM, Medford District office in 

Medford, Oregon, prior to visiting the site. Maps and additional directions to the 

area are available at this office, and lodging is available in Grants Pass, Oregon.

Environment 

The RNA is situated on the north-facing slope of Big Sugarloaf Peak (fig. 2). 

Elevations range from 2012 m (6,600 ft) in the southwest portion of the RNA to 

1097 m (3,600 ft) along the northern RNA boundary where Right Hand Fork Rock 

Creek exits the RNA and flows in a northeast direction. First- to third-order streams 

originate on the upper slopes of Big Sugarloaf Peak and flow north via Rock Creek 

and Right Hand Fork Rock Creek for 2 km (1.2 mi) before exiting the RNA (fig. 3).

1

 See appendix 1 for scientific and common name of vascular plants found on the Grayback 

Glades RNA.
2

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Figure 1—Grayback Glades Research Natural Area (RNA) location and access. TH = trail head. BLM = Bureau of 

Land Management. USFS = U.S. Forest Service.
3

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Soils are nonserpentine in character and appear as a complex mix of metamorphic rock types that are covered by a thin mantle of soil. The shallow soil is primarily responsible for lowered site productivity within the forested stands (USDA FS 

2013, Vander Schaaf 1987). Crannler, Bigelow, Rogue, and Goodwin soil series are 

present along with unnamed cryaquepts (USDA FS 2013).

Climate

Grayback Glades RNA has a marine-influenced Mediterranean climate with cool, 

wet winters and warm, dry summers. From late fall through spring, unstable 

low-pressure air masses from the Pacific Ocean bring frequent storms, sometimes 

accompanied by high winds. During the summer, stable high-pressure air masses 

bring generally clear skies and temperature inversions. Temperatures are modified 

by proximity to the Pacific Ocean—in winter by its warming influence, and in summer by its cooling influence.

Figure 2—Ridgeline and north-facing slope of Big Sugarloaf Peak (in background) encompassing the Grayback Glades Research 

Natural Area.

Reid Schuller
4

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Figure 3—Grayback Glades Research Natural Area (RNA) topography, elevation, hydrology, and boundary. 
5

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

The Bigelow Camp snow telemetry (SNOTEL) climate station is located 2.5 

km (4 mi) southwest of the RNA at an elevation of 1564 m (5,130 ft) (USDA NRCS, 

n.d.). Table 1 summarizes precipitation data for the years 1980 through 2012 and 

temperature data for the years 1990 through 2012. The data are likely comparable 

to the upper elevations and the north slope of Sugarloaf Mountain. Summers are 

dry, with June through August receiving only 6.1 percent of the average annual 

total precipitation.

Table 1—Temperature summary (1/1/1990 to 12/31/2012) and 

precipitation summary (6/10/1980 to 12/31/2012), Bigelow Camp 

snow telemetry climate station, Oregon 

Average minimum January temperature -8.4 °C (17 °F)

Average annual minimum temperature -11.3 °C (11.6 °F)

Average maximum July temperature 29.9 °C (85.9 °F)

Average annual maximum temperature 32.1 °C (89.8 °F)

Average annual precipitation 1699 mm (66.9 in)

Average June-August precipitation 103 mm (4.05 in)

Vegetation

The higher elevation forest stands adjacent to the southern RNA boundary are 

dominated by white fir and Shasta red fir. Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) 

occurs at the highest elevations (fig. 4). Forest understories are typically depauperate with Cascade barberry being the most conspicuous understory species. 

Mid-elevation forests located in the central portion of the RNA occupy the 

1400 to 1700-m (4,563- to 5,577-ft) elevation zone. White fir and Douglas-fir 

(Pseudotsuga menziesii) occur as major overstory trees, with occasional Port Orford 

cedar, sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), western yew (Taxus brevifolia), and giant 

chinquapin (Chrysolepis chrysophylla) occurring as minor associates (fig. 4). Forest 

understories are characterized by sweet after death (Achlys triphylla), Cascade 

barberry, and vine maple (Acer circinatum) (Vander Schaaf 1987).

Mid-elevation talus slopes within the Rock Creek drainage receive substantial 

spring and early-summer runoff from higher elevation snow beds. These habitats, 

collectively known as the Grayback Glades, are covered by dense stands of Sitka 

alder (Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata) and vine maple and are distinctive features of the 

north slope of Big Sugarloaf Peak (fig. 5). Sitka alder often occurs in avalanche 

chutes, suggesting that the glades may be remnants of formerly active avalanche 

chutes (Vander Schaaf 1987). The glades support numerous herbaceous species, 

including California false hellebore (Veratrum californicum), paintbrush (Castilleja

sp.), and sickletop lousewort (Pedicularis racemosa).
6

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Figure 4—Map of overstory vegetation and distribution of Port Orford cedar root disease within Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area.
7

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Figure 5—Example of typical “grayback glade” opening (middle-center of photo) surrounded by closed 

coniferous forest.

Reid Schuller

Lower elevation forests occur from 1400 m (4,563 ft) down to 1120 m (3,675 ft) 

adjacent to the north boundary of the RNA. Douglas-fir and white fir predominate 

with Port Orford cedar occurring as a major associated species along riparian areas 

and adjacent slopes. Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii), sugar pine, giant chinquapin, and western yew occur sporadically throughout lower elevations (fig. 4). 

Vegetation monitoring data describe the lower elevation forest in further detail 

(Schuller et al. 2013). Figure 6 shows the tree diameter class distribution collected 

from two 0.1-ha plots located along transects 598 and 599 within the riparian zone 

and adjacent moist toe slope of Right Hand Fork Rock Creek. The characteristically dense tree reproduction along the creek is shown in figure 7. The high density 

values for the smallest diameter class most likely reflect the combined effects of 

moisture availability throughout the summer growing season combined with the 

sheltering effects of adjacent steep-sloped canyons. Figure 8 shows drier understory 

conditions typical of most of the lower elevation forest. Figure 9 illustrates tree 

diameter class distributions from two 0.1-ha plots located along transects 601 and 

602 occurring within this micro-environment.
8

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Figure 7—Characteristically dense tree reproduction along Right Hand Fork Rock Creek.

Reid Schuller

Figure 6—Tree diameter class distribution from two 0.1-ha plots collected within the riparian zone and 

adjacent moist toe slope of Right Hand Fork Rock Creek, Grayback Glades Research Natural Area. TABR 

= Taxus brevifolia; PSME = Pseudotsuga menziesii; CHLA = Chamaecyparis lawsoniana; CHCH = 

Chrysolepis chrysophylla; ABCO = Abies concolor.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

5.0–24.9 25.0–44.9 45.0–64.9 65.0–84.9 85.0–104.9 >105.0

Trees/ha

Diameter class (cm at d.b.h.)

TABR

PSME

CHLA

CHCH

ABCO
9

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Figure 8—Typical depauperate understory in dry Port Orford cedar–Douglas-fir–white fir forest. 

Figure 9—Tree diameter class distribution from two 0.1-ha plots in dry conifer forest at lower 

elevations within Grayback Glades Research Natural Area. PSME = Pseudotsuga menziesii; 

CHLA = Chamaecyparis lawsoniana; ABCO = Abies concolor.

Reid Schuller

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Trees/ha

5.0–24.9 25.0–44.9 45.0–64.9 65.0–84.9 85.0–104.9 >105.0

Diameter class (cm at d.b.h.)

PSME

CHLA

ABCO
10

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Table 2 records vegetation understory cover and frequency for grasses, forbs, 

and shrubs occurring within four permanent plots located along four transects. 

The shrub layer is sparse to moderate in these areas, and major shrubs include 

salal (Gaultheria shallon), red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium), and Cascade 

barberry (Schuller et al. 2013, Vander Schaaf 1987). Vine maple is often a dominant 

shrub along the creeks (fig. 7) and other mesic sites.

Table 2—Plant association, understory coverage, and frequency of four permanent plots in Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area (continued)

Plant associationa

CHLA-ABCO/BENE2b ABCO/BENE2/ACTR

Transect 598 Transect 599 Transect 601 Transect 602

Scientific namec Code Frequencyd Cover Frequency Cover Frequency Cover Frequency Cover

Percent

Shrubs and subshrubs:

Acer circinatumd ACCI — — — — 50 20 50 9

Berberis nervosa BENE2 50 2 50 1 25 7 100 14

Gaultheria shallon GASH 100 47 100 11

Rosa gymnocarpa ROGY — — — — 25 1 50 2

Rubus ursinus RUUR 25 2 — — — — — —

Vaccinium ovatum VAOV2 50 1 25 1 — — — —

Vaccinium parvifolium VAPA 50 22 50 4 — — — —

Herbs and ferns:

Achlys triphylla ACTR 11 4 4 + 46 5 7 2

Adenocaulon bicolor ADBI — — — — 25 5 18 5

Antilclea occidentalis ANOC 4 1 — — — — — —

Athyrium filix-femina 

 var. cyclosorum

ATFIC 4 2 — — — — — —

Calypso bulbosa CABU — — — — 4 +

Campanula scouleri CASC7 — — — — 46 2 14 1

Carex bolanderi CABO2 4 + — — — — — —

Chimaphila menziesii CHME — — 4 + — — — —

Chimaphila umbellata 

 var. occidentalis

CHUMO2 — — 4 + — — — —

Clintonia uniflora CLUN2 — — — — 54 5 — —

Collomia heterophylla COHE2 — — — — 7 + — —

Cystopteris fragilis CYFR2 — — — — — — 4 +

Dryopteris arguta DRAR3 4 1 — — — — — —

Festuca occidentalis FEOC — — — — 4 + 4 +

Fragaria vesca var. 

 bracteata

FRVEB2 — — — — 4 +

Galium triflorum GATR3 4 1 — — 29 + 4 +

Goodyera oblongifolia GOOB2 — — 4 + 7 +

Heuchera micrantha HEMI7 — — — — — — 18 2

Hieracium albiflorum HIAL2 — — — — 14 1 4 +
11

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Table 2—Plant association, understory coverage, and frequency of four permanent plots in Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area (continued)

Plant associationa

CHLA-ABCO/BENE2b ABCO/BENE2/ACTR

Transect 598 Transect 599 Transect 601 Transect 602

Scientific namec Code Frequencyd Cover Frequency Cover Frequency Cover Frequency Cover

Lathyrus vestitus var. 

 ochropetalus

LAVEO2 — — 4 + — — — —

Linnaea borealis ssp.

 longiflora

LIBOL 32 4 — — 11 1 7 +

Listera sp. LISTE 4 + — — — — — —

Lonicera hispidula LOHI2 — — — — — — 7 +

Mainanthemum 

 stellatum

MAST4 — — — — 4 + 7 +

Melica subulata MESU — — 11 1 25 + — —

Mitella ovalis MIOV — — — — 7 + — —

Moehringia macrophylla MOMA3 21 + 7 +

Nemophila parviflora NEPA — — — — 4 + — —

Osmorhiza berteroi OSBE — — — — 21 1 7 +

Petasites frigidus var. 

 sagittatus

PEFRS5 4 2 — — — — — —

Phlox adsurgens PHAD2 — — — — 14 + 4 +

Polystichum munitum POMU 4 + — — — — 11 8

Prosartes hookeri PRHO2 — — — — 14 1 — —

Pyrola asarifolia PYAS 4 + — — — — — —

Senecio triangularis 

 var. triangularis

SETRT 4 1 — — — — — —

Streptopus 

 amplexifolius

STAM2 4 + — — — — — —

Tiarella trifoliata 

 var. unifoliata

TITRU 29 3 4 + 4 1 4 +

Trientalis borealis 

 ssp. latifolia

TRBOL — — — — 14 1 4 +

Trillium ovatum TROV2 4 + — — — — — —

Trisetum canescens TRCA21 — — — — — — 11 +

Vancouveria hexandra VAHE 4 + 7 + — — 7 +

Veratrum californicum VECA2 — — — — — — — —

Viola glabella VIGL — — 4 + 4 + — —

Viola sempervirens VISE3 — — — — — — 7 1

Whipplea modesta WHMO 4 1 — — — — 7 +

a

 Plant associations are named based on a combination of the dominant life form plus the characteristic or dominant plant species in the various plant 

layers (trees, shrubs, and herbs). Plant association acronyms are a shorthand form for communicating the plant association name. Each acronym is made 

up of the first two letters of the genus name of the dominant or characteristic species within a layer, and combined with the first two letters of the specific 

epithet of the species (e.g., Abies concolor is shortened to ABCO). Plant associations are generally defined by the dominant or characteristic species that 

occupies or has the biological potential to occupy the uppermost vegetation layer. In forested plant associations, this is the tree layer. Additional names 

are used for understory layers when they contain dominant, characteristic, or diagnostic species (e.g., white fir/Cascade barberry/sweet after death (Abies 

concolor/Berberis nervosa/Achlys triphylla). Life form layers are separated by a slash (/). Codominants within a layer are separated by a dash (—). b

 ABCO = Abies concolor, CHLA = Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, BENE2 = Berberis nervosa, ACTR = Achlys triphylla, + = trace (<0.5 percent foliar 

cover), — = not recorded.

c

 See appendix 1 for a listing of scientific and common names.

d

 Frequency is expressed as a percentage of relative frequency of occurrence within all 2 dm × 5 dm quadrats. Cover is expressed as an average 

percentage of foliar cover within all 2 dm × 5 dm quadrats. Zero values are not included.
12

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

A list of scientific and common names for vascular plants known to occur 

within Grayback Glades RNA appears in appendix 1. A list of scientific and common names for fungi can be found in appendix 2.

Fauna

Amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals known or expected to occur within the 

RNA are listed in appendix 3. These lists were derived from field observations 

made by experienced local biologists and from the published literature (Csuti et 

al. 1997) using species distribution, life history characteristics, and availability of 

habitat within the RNA as criteria for inclusion on the list.

Disturbance History

Port Orford cedar root disease is present along and adjacent to the lower reaches of 

Rock Creek and Right Hand Fork Rock Creek. A fungus, Phytophthora lateralis, is 

the cause of the highly contagious disease. Because spores of the fungus normally 

are not airborne, the spread of the disease can be avoided by minimizing and isolating sources of infection and by preventing the movement of soil from infected to 

uninfected areas. Phytophthora lateralis depends on free water to spread and infect 

other plants and on humans for long-distance spread (Roth et al. 1987). Restricting movement and activities of vectors, principally humans, is a primary control 

method within the RNA. Control and containment restrictions include closing roads 

to travel and sanitizing boots and affected clothing when leaving the infected area.

Blackened tree trunks and charcoal pieces observed throughout the RNA are 

evidence of past fire activity. A complex of wildfires burned across the Siskiyou 

Mountains in 1936, including parts of Little Sugarloaf, Big Sugarloaf, and Grayback 

Mountains. Approximately 71 ha (175 ac) of ridgetops and upper slopes burned 

within the RNA (USDI BLM 2013a). No major fires have been recorded within the 

RNA since 1936. However, at least three lightning ignited fires within the RNA 

have been suppressed by Oregon Department of Forestry fire crews (ODF 2013), 

including one on August 12, 2014, when a lightning strike ignited forest vegetation 

near Big Sugarloaf Peak (Gallimore 2014). The Big Sugarloaf fire was suppressed 

at 1 ha (2.47 ac) using multiple loads of retardant dropped from aircraft and water 

dropped from helicopter buckets.

Research History

Atzet et al. (1996) sampled forest stands within the RNA when preparing the Field 

Guide to the Forested Plant Associations of Southwestern Oregon.
13

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Four long-term vegetation monitoring plots were established in 2013 (Schuller 

et al. 2013). Two plots are located within the Rock Creek drainage at approximately 

1372 m (4,500 ft), and two plots are in the Right Hand Fork Rock Creek drainage at 

approximately 1128 m (3,700 ft).

Maps 

Maps applicable to Grayback Glades RNA: Topographic—Williams, Oregon, 7.5 

minute; 1:24,000 scale, 1986; Medford District-western portion, BLM transportation map, 1:126,720. 

Acknowledgments

The following people merit recognition for their contributions. Jason Reilly, wildlife biologist, Grants Pass Resource Area, Medford District, BLM, reviewed and 

improved the list of animals in appendix 3. The three manuscript reviewers were 

Todd Wilson, wildlife biologist and research natural area coordinator, U.S. Forest 

Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; Marlin Pose, wildlife biologist, BLM, 

Medford District, Grants Pass Resource Area; and Sarah Davison, forester, BLM, 

Medford District, Grants Pass Resource Area. The project is funded through the 

BLM Medford District and is administratively supported by the U.S. Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Research Station.

English Equivalents

When you know: Multiply by: To find:

Hectare (ha) 2.47 Acres (ac)

Kilometer (km) 0.62 Mile (mi)

Meter (m) 3.28 Feet (ft)

Square meter (m2) 10.76 Square feet (ft2)

Centimeter (cm) 0.394 Inch (in)

Millimeter (mm) 0.0394 Inch

Degrees Fahrenheit (0F – 32)/1.8 Degrees Celsius

References 

Atzet, T.; White, D.E.; McCrimmon, L.A.; Martinez, P.A.; Fong, P.R.; 

Randall, V.D. 1996. Field guide to the forested plant associations of 

southwestern Oregon. Tech. Paper R6-NR-ECOL-TP-17-96. Portland, OR: U.S. 

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. http://

www.fs.usda.gov/detail/rogue-siskiyou/maps-pubs/?cid=stelprdb5319390#top. 

(April 7, 2013).
14

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Cook, T.; Meyers, S.C.; Sundberg, S., eds. 2013. Oregon vascular plant checklist. 

Version 1.3. http://www.oregonflora.org/checklist.php. (October 1, 2013).

Csuti, B.; Kimerling, A.J.; O’Neil, T.A.; Shaughnessy, M.M.; Gaines, E.P.; 

Huso, M.M.P. 1997. Atlas of Oregon wildlife. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State 

University Press. 427 p. + map.

Dyrness, C.T.; Franklin, J.F.; Maser, C.; Cook, S.A.; Hall, J.D.; Faxon, G. 

1975. Research natural area needs in the Pacific Northwest: a contribution to 

land-use planning. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-38. Portland, OR: U.S. Department 

of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment 

Station. 231 p.

Federal Register. 1995. Notices. Medford District Resource Management Plan and 

Record of Decision 60(141): 37900-37902. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR1995-07-24/html/95-18063.htm. (July 24, 1995).

Flora of North America [FNA]. 1993+. Partial nomenclature of vascular plants, 

ferns, and fern allies within Oregon. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.

aspx?flora_id=1. (January 11, 2011).

Franklin, J.F.; Hall, F.C.; Dyrness, C.T.; Maser, C. 1972. Federal research 

natural areas in Oregon and Washington: a guidebook for scientists and 

educators. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific 

Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 498 p.

Gallimore, Y. 2014. Big Sugarloaf Peak fire map and data. Unpublished report. On 

file with: Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Office, 3040 Biddle 

Road, Medford, OR 97504.

Mycobank. 2014. Fungal databases, nomenclature and species banks. http://www.

mycobank.org/Biolomics.aspx?Table=Mycobank&Page=200&ViewMode=Basic. 

(January 27, 2014). 

Oregon Department of Forestry [ODF]. 2013. Historic fires [GIS database]. ver. 

1.0.1. http://www.oregon.gov/odf/pages/gis/gisdata.aspx. (January 14, 2011).

Oregon Natural Heritage Advisory Council [ONHAC]. 2010. Oregon natural 

areas plan 2010. Portland, OR: Portland State University, Institute for Natural 

Resources, Oregon Biodiversity Information Center. 198 p.

Roth, L.F.; Harvey, R.D., Jr.; Kliejunas, J.T. 1987. Port Orford cedar root 

disease. Tech. Paper R6-FPM-PR-010-91. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 11 p.
15

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Schuller, R.; Wender, B.; Showalter, R.; Larsen, C.; Rayburn, J.; Fisher, 

F. 2013. Monitoring data. Unpublished report. On file with: Bureau of Land 

Management, Medford District office, 3040 Biddle Road, Medford, OR 97504. 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service [USDA FS]. 2013. Pacific 

Northwest interagency natural areas network: Grayback Glades RNA. http://

www.fsl.orst.edu/rna/sites/Grayback_Glades.html. (November 26, 2013).

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 

[USDA NRCS]. N.d. Bigelow Camp SNOTEL site. http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.

gov/nwcc/site?sitenum=343&state=or. (November 27, 2013).

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 

[USDA NRCS]. 2013. PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov/. (March 5, 

2013).

U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management [USDI BLM]. 

1995. Medford District record of decision and resource management plan. On file 

with: Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Office, 3040 Biddle Road, 

Medford, OR 97504. 248 p. + tables and maps.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management [USDI BLM]. 

2013a. BLM OR Fire History Polygon [GIS database]. http://www.blm.gov/or/gis/

data.php. (January 20, 2015).

U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management [USDI BLM]. 

2013b. Unpublished notes listing fungi encountered within Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area. On file with: Bureau of Land Management, Medford 

District office, 3040 Biddle Road, Medford, OR 97504. 

Vander Schaaf, D. 1987. Grayback Glades ACEC nomination No. OR-110-87-2. 

Unpublished report. On file with: Bureau of Land Management, Medford District 

Office, 3040 Biddle Road, Medford, OR 97504. 3 p.

Wilson, T.M.; Schuller, R.; Holmes, R.; Pavola, C.; Fimbel, R.A.; McCain, 

C.N.; Gamon, J.G.; Speaks, P.; Seevers, J.I.; DeMeo, T.E.; Gibbons, S. 

2009. Interagency strategy for the Pacific Northwest Natural Areas Network. 

Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-798. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 

Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 33 p.
16

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Appendix 1: List of Scientific and Common Names 

for Vascular Plants Found on the Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area a b

Scientific name Common namec

Coniferous trees:

 Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White fir

 Abies magnifica A. Murray bis var. shastensis Lemmon Shasta red fir

 Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murray) Parl Port Orford cedar

 Pinus lambertiana Dougl. Sugar pine

 Pinus ponderosa Laws. & C. Laws. Ponderosa pine

 Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco Douglas-fir

 Taxus brevifolia Nutt. Western yew

 Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr. Mountain hemlock

Deciduous trees >8 m (26.3 ft) tall:

 Alnus rubra Bong. Red alder

 Arbutus menziesii Pursh Pacific madrone

 Chrysolepis chrysophylla (Dougl. ex Hook.) Hjelmq. Giant chinquapin

Notholithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Manos. et al. Tanoak

Tall shrubs 2 to 8 m (6.6 to 26.3 ft) tall:

 Acer circinatum Pursh Vine maple

 Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC. ssp. sinuata (Regel) Sitka alder

 Á. Löve & D. Löve

 Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. Western serviceberry

 Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim Oceanspray

 Quercus sadleriana R. Br. ter Deer oak

Medium shrubs 0.5 to 2 m (1.6 to 6.6 ft) tall:

 Gaultheria shallon Pursh Salal

 Rosa gymnocarpa Pursh Dwarf rose

 Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S. F. Blake Common snowberry

 Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. Thinleaf huckleberry

 Vaccinium ovatum Pursh California huckleberry

 Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. Red huckleberry

Low shrubs <0.5 m (1.6 ft) tall:

 Berberis nervosa Pursh Cascade barberry

 Lonicera hispidula (Lindl.) Douglas ex Torr. & A. Gray Pink honeysuckle

 Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schldtl. California dewberry

 Whipplea modesta Torr. Common whipplea
17

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Scientific name Common namec

Ferns and allies:

 Adiantum pedatum L. Northern maidenhair

 Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth var. cyclosorum Subarctic ladyfern

 (Rupr.) C. Chr.

 Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Brittle bladderfern

 Dryopteris arguta (Kaulf.) Watt Coastal woodfern

 Polystichum munitum (Kaulf.) Presl Western swordfern

 Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. Bracken fern

Herbs: 

 Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC. Sweet after death

 Adenocaulon bicolor Hook American trailplant

 Anticlea occidentalis (A. Gray) Zoml. & Judd Western featherbells

 Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC. Western columbine

 Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes Fairy slipper

 Campanula scouleri Hook. ex A. DC. Pale bellflower

 Castilleja sp. Paintbrush

 Chimaphila menziesii (R. Br. ex D. Don) Spreng Little prince’s pine

 Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Bart. ssp. occidentalis Pipsissewa

 (Rydb.) Hultén

 Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze Yerba buena

 Clintonia uniflora (Menzies ex Schult. & Bride’s bonnet

 Schult. f.) Kunth

 Collomia heterophylla Dougl. ex Hook. Variableleaf collomia

 Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Rag. Summer coralroot

 Fragaria vesca L. ssp. bracteata (A. Heller) Staudt Woodland strawberry

 Galium triflorum Michx. Sweet scented bedstraw

 Goodyera oblongifolia Raf. Western rattlesnake plantain

 Heuchera micrantha Lindley Small-flowered alumroot

 Hieracium albiflorum Hook. White hawkweed

 Lathyrus vestitus Nutt. var. ochropetalus Bolander’s pea

 Lilium sp. Lily

 Linnaea borealis L. var. longiflora (Torr.) Hultén Longtube twinflower

 Listera caurina Piper Northwestern twayblade

 Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link Starry false lily of the valley

 Mitella ovalis Greene Coastal miterwort

 Moehringia macrophylla (Hook.) Fenzl Largeleaf sandwort

 Nemophila parviflora Dougl. ex Benth. Smallflower nemophila

 Nothochelone nemorosa (Dougl. ex Lindl.) Straw Woodland beardtongue

 Osmorhiza berteroi DC. Sweetcicely
18

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Scientific name Common namec

 Pedicularis racemosa Dougl. ex Benth. Sickletop lousewort

 Petasites frigidus (L.) Fr. var. sagittatus Arrowleaf sweet coltsfoot

 (Banks ex Pursh) Cherniawsky

 Phlox adsurgens Torr. ex A. Gray Northern phlox

 Platanthera dilatata (Pursh) Lindl. ex Beck var. Sierra bog orchid

 leucostachys (Lindl.) Luer

 Prosartes hookeri Torr. Drops-of-gold

 Pyrola asarifolia Michx. Liverleaf wintergreen

 Pyrola picta Sm. Whiteveined wintergreen

 Senecio triangularis Hook. Arrowleaf ragwort

 Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC. Claspleaf twistedstalk

 Tiarella trifoliata L. var. unifoliata (Hook.) Kurtz Oneleaf foamflower

 Trientalis borealis Raf. ssp. latifolia (Hook.) Hultén Broadleaf starflower

 Trillium ovatum Pursh Pacific trillium

 Vancouveria hexandra (Hook.) C. Morren & Decne. White inside out flower

 Veratrum californicum Durand California false hellebore

 Viola glabella Nutt. Pioneer violet

 Viola sempervirens Greene Evergreen violet

Grasses, rushes, and sedges:

 Carex bolanderi Olney Bolander’s sedge

 Festuca occidentalis Hook. Western fescue

 Festuca subulata Trin. Bearded fescue

 Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. Alaska oniongrass

 Trisetum canescens Buckl. Tall trisetum

a

 Nomenclature follows the Flora of North America (FNA 1993+) and the Oregon Flora Project

(Cook et al. 2013).

b

 Compiled from field surveys (Schuller et al. 2013). 

c

 Common names follow the USDA Plants Database (USDA NRCS 2013). 
19

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Appendix 2: List of Scientific and Common 

Names for Fungi Found on the Grayback Glades 

Research Natural Area a b c

Scientific name Common name

Albatrellus ellisii (Berk.) Pouzar —

Aleuria aurantia (Pers.) Fuckel —

Amanita cokeri E-J. Gilbert & Kühner ex E-J. Gilbert —

Boletopsis grisea (Peck) Bondartsev & Singer —

Boletus sp. Bolete

Boletus fibrillosus Thiers —

Boletus luridiformis Rostk. —

Boletus subtomentosus J.A. Palmer —

Bondarzewia montana (Quél.) Singer —

Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse —

Chrysomphalina chrysophylla (Fr.) Clémençon —

Clavaria vermicularis Batsch —

Clavariadelphus ligula (Schaeff.) Donk —

Clavariadelphus occidentalis Methven —

Clavariadelphus truncatus Donk —

Clavicorona sp. —

Clavulina cristata (Holmsk.) J. Schröt. —

Clavulinopsis laeticolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) R.H. Petersen —

Clavulina sp. —

Clavulinopsis laeticolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) R.H. Petersen —

Clitocybe gigantea Quél. —

Clitocybe avellaneoalba Murrill —

Clitocybe cyathiformis (Bull.) P. Kumm. —

Clitocybe gigantea Quél. —

Clitocybe sp. —

Clitocybula familia (Peck) Singer —

Clitocybe odora (Bull.) P. Kumm. Anise-scented clitocybe

Collybia sclorotia —

Collybia oregonensis A.H. Sm. —

Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill —

Cortinarius elegantior (Fr.) Fr. 1838 group —

Cortinarius camphoratus (Fr.) Fr. —

Cortinarius clandestinus Kauffman —

Cortinarius infractus (Pers.) Fr. —

Cortinarius malachius (Fr.) Fr. —

Cortinarius mucosus (Bull.) J. Kickx f. —

Cortinarius olympianus A.H. Sm. —

Cortinarius percomis Fr. —

Cortinarius purpurascens Fr. —
20

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Scientific name Common name

Cortinarius sp. —

Craterellus tubaeformis (Fr.) Quél. —

Cryptoporus volvatus (Peck) Shear —

Cudonia circinans —

Cudoniella sp. —

Cystoderma amianthinum (Scop.) Fayod —

Cystoderma fallax A.H. Sm. & Singer —

Cystodermella granulosa (Batsch) Harmaja —

Cortinarius smithii Ammirati, Niskanen & Liimat. —

Entoloma bloxamii (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. —

Entolomataceae —

Entoloma sp. —

Floccularia albolanaripes (G.F. Atk.) Redhead —

Fomitopsis cajanderi (P. Karst.) Kotl. & Pouzar —

Galerina sp. —

Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühner —

Galerina stricta —

Geastrum famicatum —

Fomitopsis cajanderi (P. Karst.) Kotl. & Pouzar —

Gomphidius sp. —

Gomphus clavatus (Pers.) Gray Pig’s ear

Gomphus kauffmanii (A.H. Sm.) Corner —

Gymnomyces sp. —

Gymnopilus sp. —

Gymnopilus punctifolius (Peck) Singer —

Gymnopus acervatus (Fr.) Murrill —

Hebeloma hiemale Bres. —

Helvella crispa Bull. —

Hohenbuellia sp. —

Hydnum repandum L. Hedgehog mushroom

Hydnum umbilicatum Peck Belly-button mushroom

Hygrocybe acutoconica (Clem.) Singer —

Hygrocybe nitida (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill —

Hygrocybe singeri (A.H. Sm. & Hesler) Singer —

Hygrocybe virginea (Wulfen) P.D. Orton & Watling —

Hygrophorus sp. —

Hygrophorus agathosmus (Fr.) Fr. —

Hygrophorus piceae Kühner —

Hygrophorus pratensis var. pratensis (Fr.) Fr. —

Hygrophorus russocoriaceus Berk. & Jos.K. Mill. —

Hygrophorus saxatilis A.H. Sm. & Hesler —

Hygrophorus sordidus Peck —

Hygrophorus subalpinus A.H. Sm. —
21

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Scientific name Common name

Hygrophorus coccineus (Schaeff.) Fr.—

Hymenochaete tabacina (Sowerby) Lév.—

Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm.—

Inocybe sp.—

Inocybe olympiana A.H. Sm.—

Inocybe pudica Kühner —

Jahnoporus hirtus (Cooke) Nuss—

Kheuneromyces sp.—

Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis G.M. Muell.—

Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke —

Lactarius alpinus var. mitis Hesler & A.H. Sm.—

Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray Delicious milk-cap

Lactarius kauffmanii Hesler & A.H. Sm.—

Lactarius sp.—

Lactarius subflammeus Hesler & A.H. Sm.—

Lactarius xanthogalactus Peck—

Lentinellus ursinus (Fr.) Kühner —

Lentinellus montanus O.K. Mill.—

Leotia viscosa Fr. —

Lepista aeruginosa (H.E. Bigelow) Harmaja—

Leptonia cyanea Mazzer—

Leptonia parva Peck—

Leptonia sp. —

Marasmius sp.—

Marasmius copelandii Peck—

Mucroella sp.—

Muscicolous fungi

Mycena aurantiidisca (Murrill) Murrill —

Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray—

Mycena aculate Cleland —

Mycena pterigena (Fr.) P. Kumm. —

Otidea sp.—

Phellodon tomentosus (L.) Banker—

Pholiota aurivella (Batsch) P. Kumm.—

Pholiota squarrosa (Vahl) P. Kumm.—

Pluteus sp.—

Polyporus melanopus (Pers.) Fr.—

Psathyrella longistriata (Murrill) A.H. Sm.—

Psilocybe montana (Pers.) P. Kumm.—

Ramaria sp. Coral mushroom

Ramaria (subgenus Echinoramaria)—

Ramaria (orange tips)—

Ramaria apiculata var. apiculata (Fr.) Donk—
22

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Scientific name Common name

Ramaria apiculata var. brunnea R.H. Petersen —

Ramaria botrytis var. botrytis (Pers.) Ricken —

Ramaria caulifloriformis (Leathers) Corner —

Ramaria formosa (Pers.) Quél. —

Ramaria rubiginosa Marr & D.E. Stuntz —

Ramaria sandaracina var. euosma Marr & D.E. Stuntz —

Ramaria stuntzii Marr —

Ramaria subviolacea R.H. Petersen & Scates —

Ramaria violaceibrunnea (Marr & D.E. Stuntz) R.H. Petersen —

Rhizopogon sp. —

Rhizopogon truncatus Linder —

Rhodocollybia sp. —

Rozites caperatus (Pers.) P. Karst. —

Russula cessans A. Pearson —

Russula sanguinea Fr. —

Sarcomyxa serotina (Pers.) P. Karst. —

Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte —

Spathularia flavida Pers. —

Stereocyphellum sp. —

Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers. —

Strobilurus albipilatus (Peck) V.L. Wells & Kempton —

Stropharia sp. —

Suillus punctatipes (Snell & E.A. Dick) Singer —

Tapesia fusca (Pers.) Fuckel —

Ticholomopsis sp. —

Tremiscus helvelloides (DC.) Donk —

Trichoglossum hirsutum (Pers.) Boud. —

Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél. —

Tricholoma sp. —

Tricholoma equestre (L.) P. Kumm. —

Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck) Redhead —

Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull.) P. Kumm. —

Tricholoma venenatum G.F. Atk. —

Tricholomopsis decora (Fr.) Singer —

Tricholomopsis rutilans (Schaeff.) Singer —

Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél. —

Truncocolumella citrina Zeller —

Tyromyces mollis (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar —

Xylaria sp. —

a

 Nomenclature follows Mycobank (2014).

b

 Compiled from field surveys (USDI BLM 2013b).

c

 — = no common name is available.
23

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Appendix 3: List of Scientific and Common Names for 

Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals Found on the 

Grayback Glades Research Natural Areaa b

Family Scientific name Common name

Amphibians:

 Ambystomatidae Ambystoma gracile Northwestern salamander

 Dicamptodontidae Dicamptodon tenebrosus Pacific giant salamander

Rhyacotriton variegatus Southern torrent salamander

 Plethodontidae Aneides ferreus Clouded salamander

Ensatina eschscholtzi Ensatina

Plethodon dunni Dunn’s salamander

Plethodon elongatus Del Norte salamander

 Salamandridae Taricha granulosa Roughskin newt

 Hylidae Pseudacris regilla Pacific chorus frog

 Leiopelmatidae Ascaphus truei Tailed frog

 Ranidae Rana aurora Red-legged frog

Rana boylii Foothill yellow-legged frog

Rana catesbeiana Bullfrog

Reptiles:

 Anguidae Elgaria coerulea Northern alligator lizard

Elgaria multicarinata Southern alligator lizard

 Phrynostomatidae Sceloporus graciosus Sagebrush lizard

Sceloporus occidentalis Western fence lizard

 Scincidae Eumeces skiltonianus Western skink

 Boidae Charina bottae Rubber boa

 Colubridae Coluber constrictor Racer

Contia longicaudae

Contia tenuis Sharptail snake

Diadophis punctatus Ringneck snake

Lampropeltis getula Common kingsnake

Lampropeltis zonata California mountain kingsnake

Pituophis catenifer Gopher snake

Thamnophis atratus Pacific Coast aquatic garter snake

Thamnophis couchii Western aquatic garter snake

Thamnophis elegans Western terrestrial garter snake

Thamnophis ordinoides Northwestern garter snake

Thamnophis sirtalis Common garter snake

 Viperidae Crotalus viridis Western rattlesnake
24

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Family Scientific name Common name

Birds:

 Cathartidae Cathartes aura Turkey vulture

 Accipitridae Accipiter cooperii Cooper’s hawk

Accipiter gentilis Northern goshawk

Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned hawk

Buteo jamaicensis Red-tailed hawk

 Phasianidae Bonasa umbellus Ruffed grouse

Dendragapus fuliginosus Sooty grouse

Oreortyx pictus Mountain quail

 Columbidae Columba fasciata Band-tailed pigeon

 Strigidae Aegolius acadicus Northern saw-whet owl

Asio otus Long-eared owl

Bubo virginianus Great-horned owl

Glaucidium gnoma Northern pygmy-owl

Otus flammeolus Flammulated owl

Otus kennicottii Western screech-owl

Strix occidentalis caurina Northern spotted owl

Strix nebulosa Great gray owl

 Apodidae Chaetura vauxi Vaux’s swift

 Trochilidae Selasphorus rufus Rufous hummingbird

Stellula calliope Calliope hummingbird

 Picidae Colaptes auratus Northern flicker

Dryocopus pileatus Pileated woodpecker

Picoides albolarvatus White-headed woodpecker

Picoides pubescens Downy woodpecker

Picoides villosus Hairy woodpecker

Sphyrapicus ruber Red-breasted sapsucker

 Tyrannidae Contopus borealis Olive-sided flycatcher

Contopus sordidulus Western wood peewee

Empidonax difficilis Pacific-slope flycatcher

Empidonax hammondii Hammond’s flycatcher

Empidonax oberholseri Dusky flycatcher

 Corvidae Corvus brachyrhynchos American crow

Corvus corax Common raven

Cyanocitta stelleri Steller’s jay

Perisoreus canadensis Gray jay

 Paridae Parus atricapillus Black-capped chickadee

Parus rufescens Chestnut-backed chickadee

Poecile gambeli Mountain chickadee

 Sittidae Sitta canadensis Red-breasted nuthatch

 Certhiidae Certhia americana Brown creeper

 Troglodytidae Salpinctes obsoletus Rock wren

Troglodytes troglodytes Pacific wren
25

Grayback Glades Research Natural Area: Guidebook Supplement 49

Family Scientific name Common name

 Muscicapidae Catharus guttatus Hermit thrush

Catharus ustulatus Swainson’s thrush

Ixoreus naevius Varied thrush

Myadestes townsendi Townsend’s solitaire

Regulus calendula Ruby-crowned kinglet

Regulus satrapa Golden-crowned kinglet

Turdus migratorius American robin

 Vireonidae Vireo cassinii Cassin’s vireo

Vireo gilvus Warbling vireo

Vireo huttonii Hutton’s vireo

 Emberizidae Dendroica coronata Yellow-rumped warbler

Dendroica nigrescens Black-throated gray warbler

Dendroica occidentalis Hermit warbler

Dendroica townsendi Townsend’s warbler

Junco hyemalis Dark-eyed junco

Melospiza lincolnii Lincoln sparrow

Melospiza melodia Song sparrow

Oporornis tolmiei MacGillivray’s warbler

Passerella iliaca Fox sparrow

Pheucticus meelanocephalus Black-headed grosbeak

Piranga rubra Western tanager

Zonotrichia leucophrys White-crowned sparrow

 Fringillidae Carduelis pinus Pine siskin

Carpodacus cassinii Cassin’s finch

Carpodacus purpureus Purple finch

Coccothraustes vespertinus Evening grosbeak

Loxia curvirostra Red crossbill

Mammals:

 Soricidae Sorex trowbridgii Trowbridge’s shrew

 Talpidae Neurotrichus gibbsii American shrew-mole

 Vespertilionidae Corynorhinus townsendii Townsend’s big-eared bat

Eptesicus fuscus Big brown bat

Lasionycteris noctivagans Silver-haired bat

Myotis californicus California myotis

Myotis evotis Long-eared myotis

Myotis lucifugus Little brown myotis

Myotis thysanodes Fringed myotis

Myotis volans Long-legged myotis

 Leporidae Lepus americanus Snowshoe hare

 Aplodontidae Aplodontia rufa Mountain beaver
26

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-930

Family Scientific name Common name

 Sciuridae Glaucomys sabrinus Northern flying squirrel

Sciurus griseus Western gray squirrel

Spermophilus lateralis Golden-mantled 

 ground squirrel

Tamias townsendii Townsend’s chipmunk

Tamiasciurus douglasii Douglas’ squirrel

 Muridae Clethrionomys californicus Western red-backed vole

Microtus californicus California vole

Microtus longicaudus Long-tailed vole

Microtus oregoni Creeping vole

Microtus townsendii Townsend’s vole

Neotoma cinerea Bushy-tailed woodrat

Neotoma fuscipes Dusky-footed woodrat

Arborimus albipes White-footed vole

Arborimus longicaudus Red tree vole

 Dipodidae Zapus trinotatus Pacific jumping mouse

 Erethizontidae Erethizon dorsatum Common porcupine

 Canidae Canis latrans Coyote

Urocyon cinereoargenteus Gray fox

 Ursidae Ursus americanus Black bear

 Procyonidae Procyon lotor Common raccoon

 Mulstelidae Martes pennati Pacific fisher

Mustela erminea Ermine

Mustela frenata Long-tailed weasel

Spilogale gracilis Western spotted skunk

 Felidae Felis concolor Mountain lion

Lynx rufus Bobcat

 Cervidae Cervus elaphus Elk

Odocoileus hemionus Black-tailed deer

 ssp. columbianus

a

 Nomenclature follows Csuti et al. (1997).

bList was compiled from habitat descriptions and distribution maps taken from Csuti et al. (1997). 
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