Janumay 1974 

U.S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION 

REGULATORY GUIDE 

WIRECTO"AI OF RE• LATORY STANDARDS 

REGULATORY GUIDE 520 

TRAINING, EQUIPPING, AND QUALIFYING 

I OF GUARDS AND WATCHMEN

A. INTRODUCTION 

Section 73.50 of IOCFR Part 73, °7hydcal 

Protection of plants wd Materials," requires fuel 

repocssng licensees and persons licensed to pae 

certain s•dfled qatwties -of special nuclear m 

(9"I. respectively, to provide trained and equkiped 

pmua mid wattchmea to phydsicly protect their 

facilities and to protect th Sm in thei Posseslson" 

against theft. Further. J § 73.30 dirougk 73.36 of 

10 CFR Patn 73 require certain shipments of SNM to be 

accompanied by guards a escorts. This guide provides 

criteria acceptable to *he Reltdy staff for a program 

for training, equipping, mid qulifyig -rds and 

watchmen. 

L DISCUSSION 

Guards and watchmen responsible for the 

protection of SNM onsite and in transit and for the 

protection of the facility against industrial sabotage 

should, like other components of the physical security 

system, meet minimum levels of performance and 

reliability. The licensee should assure that thoue 

responsible for security are capable. and quaned to 

"execute .the duties prescribed for them. Performance and 

reliability of the guard force can be asured by strict 

adherence to a program of: 

1. Preenmployment screening. 

2. Training and qualification. and 

3. Testing and requalification. 

Preemployment screening provides a means to 

determine whether a prospective security employee is 

trustworthy and capable of performing the security tasks 

that will be msigned to hin.

Training and qualification of guards and watchmen 

are necessary to assure knowledge of the facility 

licensee's or transport licensee's (trnporter) ' security 

plan and to assure a thorough understanding as to 

exactly-what h and what Is- not eapected of each guard 

and wd&rm Furftf. he leW r4WOfibies and 

limitations Involved In the execution of his duties should 

be made dear to every gpard and watchmLm. Special 

emphasis should be given fd the heain ad me of 

firearnm. 

Testing and equalificaton Is needed to ensure the 

continued performance and ulliAt vf guards and 

watchmen a components of the secmHity rystern. 

The lieSwum ibbuld pro"d all gurd and 

watchmen tn with upgd to the details of the 

security plan they ane expeted to follow. The specific 

physical and training requirements of each guard and 

witdsmn will depend *upon the duties charged to that 

guard or watchman. 

The Commission's regulations make the followinrg 

distinction between guards and watchmen: guards are 

armed and uniformed mad have protection of SNM 

against theft ndWer the protection of a plant against 

Industrial nbotage a Utir primary duty; watchmen, 

For the purpom of Ais gide, a uainpod lceese, or 

tnsuporta, Is any gpe I. who Is Iks mad wmmt to the 

regulatons of 10 CF. Part 5 0r 70 -bo imports export. 

transports, diUven to a cardr for ttasport, or takes derwery 

five on board at the point wem it is delive•d to a carria. 

p*c! mact.r mstats and who i•. au.cl to the nquirements 

for the phy"cai p te-dam of spechi nchr asters! tiansit 

of 10 CFR hat T3.

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who may of may not be armed and uniformed, protect 

the plant and the SNM therein in the course of other 

duties. For the purpose of this guide, the term 

wa:chman will refer to an individual who Is nev armed, 

and a third cateMy, patrol watchman, will be 

considered as annrms qualiflie individual who may be 

issued arms during an emergency or threat situation and 

whose primary duty, at least during an emlergncY or 

threat situation, is the protection of the plant and the 

SNP therein. 

For material shipments. aured escorts and armed 

monitors are cosidered jguards, and unashed escorts are 

considered patrol watchmde. 

C. REGULATORY POSITION 

A prouMn Acceptable to the eg0ulaory staff for 

the preemployment scKeeing. trainin& testing 

""e i =an qualiyi of liensee security pndsonnel 

~Jwuld Include th following

I. Preploymet cre 

a. bie m= Quolfleade

?reenptoyment screening should be dealpd to 

-ses the " udtability of an applicant for conideration a 

a member of the licemnse's security OpnIZat . The 

f(dowsig are ialmum, qualifleatilnsi 

* (1) MiWnlumapof-11. 

(2) Minimum education hNO 1*c1 ma 

*- equaltdut. 

(3) No record of felony convictions, 

(4) General good health a determined by a 

rphysician 1xorto empoymet. 

An employment Jpplication should be used to 

provide a basis for the screetung prcess. The application 

.Jsould contain the following information: 

(1) Full name, 

12) Date and place ofb rth. 

(3) Citizenship, 

(4) Current residence, 

(5) Prior reddences(pas'; to 10yea), 

(6) Educational background (Institutioas. 

dates). 

(7) Previous employmrent history (full adult 

lise) induding supervisors, employment function, reason 

-* " fi terminitlon, 

(8) MilItary service. 

(9) Record of criminal c•nvictiom. 

c. Thysicd Capabilities 

(1) All security personnel should be capable of 

arduous physical exertion and be able to withstand 

exposure to unusual or inclement weather. a

(2) All security personnel should have vision correctible to 20/20 (SMellen) In each eye, 

(3) All security personnel should have hearing 

loss not exceeding 30 dB in both ears, or 35 dB in the 

poorer ear, relative to normal hearing, 

(4) All security personnel should be mentay 

alert and capable of understanding and performing the 

duties assigned. 

& Contract Sevice 

If the licenee chooses to use a contract guard 

service, he should accept only security personnel who 

have undergone preemployment screening and who meet 

the qualifications prescribed above. 

2. Triniig 

Prior to mssinset of ucu My Osi , eak gPatd 

watchman, and petrol watchma. vWethr hirsed by the 

lieoe or povided by a contract service, should 

5nccessfuy pte a training proprm cossti of 

the followlvin 

Gen"a tr2aiin u outlaed In Appendix A of 

this 11111IN . 

b. Traning speciftc to the faclit or transpo 

loene's curity pf*n for norda. em . and 

threat siftations autcc e In Apendit 8 tfhis ude. 

3. Test and Rw sqea"m 

Each rard, watchman, and patrol watdcma should 

be tested Ead equalifled acording to the fMIowft 

a. Facility or trspo securitY pn general 

duties and responsibtlitles of secuarity personnel

ansualy, b. Facility o• trnport curity pl specifc 

duties and resp<Mbtas u, ndem u ly, 

c. Communication equipment and security 

equipment as appropriate-sanianludly, 

d. Arms qualification for guards and p"trol 

watchmen (Appendix C)-smbmna2y 

e. Medical examinatis-anfually. 3 

4. Equipment 

Tho facility licensee. trasporter, or contract service 

should issue uniforms, firearms, commsntication devices. 

und other security equipment as appropriate. Inspections 

SUnited States Army Regultion AN 4001. "SStandads of 

Medical Fitness," offas a guide to the deTarhtution of &a in

dividual's physical ablity to perform the du•tbs Of guard Or 

patrol watchman. 

9 Prior to re-a ment to duty. a physican should certidl 

th general good health of Nay guard, watchman or patrol 

watchmn retumrn8 for srvire aftr a prolonged lnes.

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.-.. should be conducted and documented by the security 

supervisor of the facility or transporter or by nother 

.ndividual designated by fhe licensee at leat quarterly to 

assure proper care md condition of sad equipment. 

a. As a gpeeral practke, unforms issued to gards 

and unifonned watchmen and patro watchmen should 

be marikely distinct froar those of local law 

enforcement authorities. 

b. On-duty guards should be armed with sidearms 

of not less than caliber .38. Wapona should be kept 

loaded at all tSmes while be" carried by guards. 

c. Weaipons sch as shotguns, rifes, riot guns, tear 

gS, and mace should be available and buued to uards 

and patrol watchuen as necessary. Such weapans should 

be loaded only upon bMue. and should remain loaded for 

as lM a ft re carried by the puirds or patrol 

watchmen.

d. Guards and watcdmen n patrol should carry 

radio communication devces. An intemorn or other 

mum should be used to provide cenmunlcatios in areas 

of the faclity whenr direct radio communication is not 

Posble. 

C. Fxedate security &garntlons should be 

provided with at least ne ded ted uhicle, such a a 

Jeep, equipped with twomwsy radio communication for 

the purpose of quick response to intrusion or to an 

alarm. If the patrol area is so lare that only patrol by 

vehicie Is practical at least one other dedicated vehicle 

dsould be provided. In alddtion to radio communication, 

vehicles used for respome to Intnuson or for anred 

escort of SNM d4ments should be apped with a 

loaded shotgun or dot gun. extra rounds of amnuniilon, 

flares, spare batteries for conunwilcation devices, 

spothts, a CO2 or dry powder fire extipuisher, and a 

fAistaldkl.

5.20-3
APPENDIX A 

GENERAL TRAINING PROGRAM

This appendix lists topics and sogest time 

allotments for a 10-day general training proaram for 

uards and watchmea. T program Is divided Into two 

sections: points of law and security dits, T nctfOu 06 

points of law is not intended to be a ours iln aD &aPectt 

of the law, but rather Is intended to Introduce the guards 

and watchmen to, and famiartze them with, some 

essentil prndpes of law of which the guards a.d 

watchmen should hav a basic understanding In order to 

assist and protect them In the proper performance of 

their duties. Hece, the topics listed in that section 

should be covered w suffiient depth to assure that eabh 

guard, watchmun, and petrol watchman psessei an 

understanding of (1) the neral UM of lepa authdity of a private security guard a provided by State statute 

and the cummmn law, (2) the differences between a 

felony and a mbdemnor mofar as that difference 

affects his authority, (3) the permissible legal.extent of a 

search and seizure as affected by his suspicion of a crime 

and by his actual witness of a crime. (4) the evidence 

generally necessary to prove the commiltion of A crime 

and particularly the Importamce of the preservation of 

re evideme:" and is) the use of force lally 

permisse In sWlf defAm or In prvention a crime 

inoln pop.ert. section on security skills should 

be directed at enabling security personnel to (1) perfnor 

their security duties in ma effective manner, (2) 

effectively cooperate -with other security personnel 

(Including Federal, State. or local law enforcement 

authorities) responding to a request for 2lsstance, and 

(3) effectively defend themselves and others, if 

necessary. 

The ptogram need not be limited to the topics listed 

herein, and other subjects may be included.' 

Reasonable latitude is expected to enable the licensee to 

develop hds training program to best suit his needs. When 

formulating and implementing his training program, the 

licensee should consult with and obtain the advice of 

State and local law enforcement authorities. 

SCOM 

The general training prop 4n should be adequate to 

help assure that the licensee% guards and watchmen are 

capable of providing protection of the facility against

' The Licensee is refemed to the recommeadations contained 

in the "Private Police Trainin Manual" prepeed and published 

by the Ohio Peace Office Trming Council in conjunction with 

the Attorney General of the State of Ohio. The licensee should 

evaluate the peculiasities of his own operation and datermne 

whethet additional topics should be inchuded in his training 

propMm.

sabotage or SNM from theft, either In transit or at a 

find ite, until the arrival of assistance from law 

etaforcemeqt suthoitl. Th followbg potential sources 

of threat •Ud be considered In the tralaWn proarnm: 

a. Lone individuals familiar with the construction and 

operation of the facility or the routin of vehicles tranpoef M M. 

b. A group of seveal indiidua some of who may 

be armed with weapons such as rifles, sidearms, and explosves 

c. A group of unarmed *Individuals evg&Wd in 

disordery conduct or mob actiities. 

TOPICS 

T1U following Is a list of topics which should be 

presented, with suggested corresponding time 

allotments, in the 10day training program. This list is 

not intended to be all Inclusive nor is any 

reccwnmendation made as to the order of presentation. 

Pake od La 

For this pars of the thaining Ip to be 

successfd, the leg• concepts In this section of the 

program should be directly related to. and discussed In 

the narrow context of, the duties that arids. 

watchmen, and patro watchmen ane expected to 

perform. ht is suggested that approximately three days 

(24 hours) of the 10-day program be devoted to 

discussion of the topics listed below: 

Raoe of Ltw Enforcement ................. I hour 

A brief history of the development of law 

enforcement, division of leal authoity 

(e.g.. Federal, State, and local), and law 

enforcement ethics. 

Le4l Phrases and Deflnitiom ............ 2 hours 

An explanation of the meaninp and legal significance of the most commonly used 

legal phrases that a guard or watchman is 

likely to encounter. 

Cdimesad Elements ... ................ 3 hours

Common law and/or statutory elements 

necessary for establishing certain specific 

crimes (e.S. assault, asault and battery, 

burglary, breaking and entering, larceny, 

receiving stolen property, carrying a 

concealed weapon, robbery).

5.204
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APPENDIX B

FACILITY OR CARRIER TRAINING PROGRAM

This appendix lists topics and sugested time 

allotments for a S-day (3-day for transporter guads) 

program of training specific to the duties and 

* responsibilities of gwads, watchmen, ad patrol 

S.watchmen under the facility or carrier security plan. 

SCOPE 

rraining with respect to the licesee's security plan 

should be adequate to ensure that the licens's guards 

and watcbmen as flly aware of the duties and 

responsibilities chared to them under normal operating 

onditions, emergpncy cooditions, and threat lituatiom. 

It should be emnhasized and clearly understood by every 

member of the security orlpinatlon that under threat 

%atuatitins the primaiy responsibility of the licensee' 

-aeudity orpnization is to pnrvde protection until the 

arrival of assistance from local law enformnent 

authoritie. 

The training program should emphasize that guards 

and armed petrol watchmen no not to dsplay or 

discharO their weapons, but ate to keep their wao 

in their holsters and ar not to withdraw and dischar 

their weapons except in situatitns when sucb conduct 

wutuld be permitted under the law of the State in which 

the facility is located or under the law of the State 

throuqa which the vehdce trausporting special nuclear 

material Is tiavel 

At no time should a guard or aimed patrol 

watchman rue a "warning shot" into the air or round. 

Warnings should be glven verbally. Above all, it should 

be stressed to the guards the vital Importance to the 

public health and safety and to the common defense and 

security of the United States that the unauthortzed 

removal of special nuclear matial from the facility or 

vehicle transporting the special nuclear material or the 

industrial sabotage to the tacility be prevented. 

TOPICS 

Security Overview ..................... 3 hours 

(2 hours for transporter esctwu) 

* A discussion of the objectives of security 

plan. details of securi) organization 

structure, and commad respnsibility. 

Records and Reports................ 3 hours 

(2 hours' to transporter escorts) 

Detailed description of licensee procedures 

for completini status, inspet tion, tour. and 

other appropriate routine and special 

reports.

Facilty Alerm istm ................... S hours 

(F~xed site iuards mad watchmen) 

Discmusion intrusion alms used at the 

facility, their operation, location. and 

testing procedures. Explanation of the 

alarm testing schedules. Field demon. 

strationas of alan equipment. 

SNM Trasud Vehles .................. I hour 

(Transporter escorts) 

A description of the vidcles used bo 

transport SN and of the methob of 

padag SNM for shipment. 

Ccmmu m• u t.................I haou 

Operation and routine testing of 

commudncatlons dc usnd by the 

licensee. 

RAstlUoolard-U .................... 3 8 ho 

(Fixed uit guards ad watdma) 

A variety of topics dsaid be coverd; 

among them am: Identification checks; 

badges and bsdging procedures; detection 

equipment used by licensee; vital arem. 

what they contain, why they an vital; 

escort procedures within protected area 

personnel and package searching 

procedures; patrol and mpecton 

procedures. 

Emae cy Procedwe ................ 4 hours 

(Fixed site gmr& and watcam) 

Fire and criticality mcuadoe roweu s, 

location of fin equipamnt, mid mcwity 

procedures under emergency condftkim. 

oy PtOmCeuM ................... 3 hors 

(Transporter escort) 

Security procedures fWoiw• a vdadwa 

accident. 

Routine Procedures ..................... 3 houw 

(Transporter escorts) 

Discussion of check-in procedurs, detour 

policy, and shift.chmp procedurs (long 

hauls).

5.20-6

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-'N, Threatstuations ....................... 3 hours 

Types of credible attack and expected 

response. Procedures for cafning far 

asistance: who to call, when, what 

Information n to• be ge. 

Ue of Firearnm .. 2 hours 

Proper use of firearms during thrat 

situations emiphauzift permdbe ae of 

force in various situations. 

Radloo" Safty .... S hours 

Areas where SNM Is found at the fadlity, 

type 'and form of the S stoed

processed, or transported, and identifying characteristics of SNM containers. 

Provisiom of the Commission's regulations 

for the protection of personnel against 

exposure. health problems assodated with 

exposure, precautions and procedures to 

mhiimb exposure, and proper handtig procedurm for Mu. 

E ......................•... 3 hours 

(2 horn for transporter escorts) 

In addition to the above topics, training 

should Incude up to six weeks of 

a.theljob supervision.

* V.

5.20-7
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APPENDIX C 

ARMS QUALIFICATION PROGRAM

Guards, amd other individuals who may be tWued 

arms during a thlat situation (eo4. patrcl watemen), 

dsuld qualify semiannually an one of the foCowtag 

coOues 

SNORT OOURSU

TVP No. I 

Ranp So Tkm hiM St 

2Syd slow 5mi 5 

25 yd hned 20u we 

2Syd Rapid ,0 sec S

go. MAXO~MUM 

row TrWo Points 

2 2Syd(SF) 100 

2 25yd (T) 100 

2 Silhouette 100

Targlt Specffltiowe 

2S yd (SF)-21 in. x 24 In. withNo. 78.9.9and O 

rdap black and bta-k =ae 530 in. diamete 

(316). 

2, yd (TF)- 21 in. z24 in. with No. 9 and lOr10ag 

black and blatck a S.54 i. diameter (8). 

Sflhouette B-27 

Gukda mmut achis1 a minimum point tod of 175. 

As so f•r* by dw Nationa We ASOCkbtiIn Its 

mcid Itan mad Rapaw

NATIONAL POUCII COUEII 

&. S•Yal dComme Twelve shots double action 

from the crouch position. Time starts with gun m 

holster and Includes teloaditg for secund six shots. 

Thne allowed: 25 men&ds. 

b. Twenty-Th..Yasd Coaum: Six diot kneelin. 

double acton; six shots standin& double action, left 

hand from behind baicde; ix shots standing, 

double action, rtht hand from behind barricade. 

Time flowed: 90 seconds. 

a. Flfty.YnCoum Six diots sittk. six shots prom. 

dz shots left hnd police standing (rom behind 

baricade mad six shots ha bnd hxns behind 

badcade sin& action. Time aflowed 2 moutes 

arid 45 second. 

d. Twt •,eMmYod Come: Siz shots standn 

wihotut wspM doe action. No bauck;&e r 

other support Is ued. 1me allowed: I ! sOectds• 

Tapit Specificsioi:e 1127 TaVgt 

Guards must achieve a minimum perceitage sore of' 

70%. 

In addition ards and patrol watchmen should be 

lmtructed in the un of mace at tear ps if provided by 

*e Ucemee or contract service.

5.20-8

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