Criterion 6, Indicator 25: 

Value and Volume of Wood 

and Wood Products Production, 

Including Primary and Secondary 

Processing

James L. Howard

Rebecca Westby

Kenneth E. Skog

United States

Department of

Agriculture

Forest Service

Forest

Products

Laboratory

Research

Note

FPL–RN–0316
June 2010

Howard, James L.; Westby, Rebecca; Skog, Kenneth E. 2010.Criterion 6 

Indicator 28: Total and Per Capita Consumption of Wood and Wood Products in Round Wood Equivalentsincluding primary and secondary processing. Research Note FPL-RN-0316. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 14 p.

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Abstract

Trend data through 2006 are provided on the value and 

volume of wood and wood products production for the 

United States to aid in assessing sustainability of socioeconomic benefits of forests. The volume of roundwood used to 

make products, the weight produced, and the value of U.S. 

shipments have been stable to declining in recent years. But 

there have been increases in the weight of oriented strandboard production and the value of furniture production. 

U.S. demand for products is likely to continue to increase 

with increasing population and Gross Domestic Product 

(GDP). If the cost of providing wood products from the 

United States is high relative to other countries or alternative materials, this would limit increase in the level of U.S. 

harvest and the value that contributes to forest management, 

employment, and wages. Volume of roundwood harvest has 

increased in the South but declined in other regions although 

value of shipments for wood and paper products (excluding 

furniture) has declined in all regions. If value of shipments 

continues to decline, this would decrease revenues to forest 

landowners and employees. Maintaining revenues from 

forests would require increased revenues from other sources 

including recreation, environmental services, or new products such as biomass for energy.

Keywords: production, sustainability, consumption

SI conversion factors

Inch–pound unit Conversion factor SI unit

inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter (mm)

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)

Btu 0.293 W (watts)

tons 1.02 × 103 kilograms (kg)

In this paper 1 billion = 109
Criterion 6, Indicator 25: Value and Volume 

of Wood and Wood Products Production, 

Including Primary and Secondary 

Processing

James L. Howard, Economist

Rebecca Westby, Economic Assistant

Kenneth E. Skog, Project Leader Economics and Statistics Unit

Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin

Indicator Background

The purpose of this report is to provide information on the 

rationale and data provided for Indicator 25 for the U.S. National Report on Sustainable Forests—2010. Information on 

the rationale for the Indicator and recommended data to be 

developed are taken from the report of the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) of the Montreal Process.

Verbatim Montreal Process (MD) Technical Advisory Committee Notes

Rationale

The value and volume of wood and wood products indicates 

the relative importance of forests as a source of raw material 

for a wide variety of uses. Tracking the values and volumes 

of goods and services through the production process from 

the forest to the end of secondary processing explains a key 

dimension of the economic contribution that forests make to 

local and national economies.

Measurement

The measures desired are as follows:

•	Market values of wood products at three stages in the 

production process—harvest value of the raw material, 

market values after primary processing, and market values 

after secondary processing. Excluded are values beyond 

the completion of secondary manufacturing, such as the 

value of shipping finished coated paper to a printer, printing magazines, and retail sales of magazine subscriptions. 

•	Volumes of wood products for the several product categories of primary processing (e.g., pulp and paper, dimension 

lumber, panel products) and secondary processing (e.g., 

coated papers, corrugated cardboard boxes, mouldings and 

joinery, wooden furniture) that are important, based on 

national circumstances. 

Production data could be obtained from a variety of sources. 

Official government reports are a preferred source. In some 

cases, industry associations also publish production data 

for their members and may include estimates of national 

production. Value data could be obtained from price reports 

or marketing sources and should be reported on a consistent 

basis (e.g., all prices are manufacturer’s prices for products; 

freight on board (FOB) at the mill). In some cases, it may be 

necessary to include estimates of the value for subsistence 

or other individual uses for wood products, such as fence 

posts or fuel wood. Providing a spatial display of production 

data by sub-national region or location and product category 

is likely to be helpful to decision makers in understanding 

the relative importance of particular products to regions and/

or localities. 

Data may be collected and reported in quantity units that 

differ by product. However, conversion of product quantities 

to a common unit (e.g., roundwood equivalent) will allow 

for comparison to quantities harvested (see indicator 6.1.d 

for related information).

Comments and Clarifications

Additions and Clarifications to Rationale

We believe variables on volume or weight of production 

will meet the intent of the rationale to indicate one aspect 

of the size of timber and forest products sectors over time 

and by region. They also indicate an aspect of economic 

health of forest management, because forest sector demand 

for timber is needed to support forest management, and the 

variables directly indicate the economic health of the forest 

industry by the trends in amounts of product production. 

Additions and Clarifications to Measurement

The measurements suggested for the indicator do not measure economic health of the wood products sector. Additional information would be needed on profits, employment, and 

other variables in addition to prices and production. 

Indicator Development

Data Used To Address Indicator

The data provided for this indicator focus on timber and 

wood products production volume, and value. Selected data 

are shown over time, by Resource Planning Act (RPA) Assessment Region, by land ownership, and by type of product 

produced. 
Research Note FPL–RN–0316

2

General Description

Volume and value of production can be illustrated in 

several dimensions: 

•	 by market level – 

o production of roundwood (harvest) or production of 

primary products; 

o roundwood and primary products are sold for domestic 

use or for exports. 

•	 by region; and 

•	 over time. 

We show a representative subset of available data that characterize volume and value in each of these dimensions.

The intent is to show data about production that may be 

compared to other indicators that characterize the capacity of forests to produce wood products (e.g., growth rates, 

management intensity), and efforts to maintain and enhance 

that productive capacity of forests and forest industries (e.g., 

investments, research, institutions). 

To illustrate the relative importance of forests as a source of 

raw material variables are shown that are available at least 

at the national, many times regional level, and are long-term 

time series that are continuing to be collected. 

Specific Data Sources

Volume and value of wood products in the forest, at the 

mill or, if appropriate, at the wholesale market level 

•	 Table 1. Volume of U.S. industrial roundwood and fuelwood harvest (production), 1900–2006

•	 Table 2. Volume of softwood industrial roundwood harvested by landowner and region, 1952–2006 (×106 ft3) 

•	 Table 3. Volume of hardwood industrial roundwood harvested by landowner and region, 1952–2006 (×106 ft3)

•	 Table 4. Volume of all industrial roundwood harvested by 

landowner and region, 1952–2006 (×106 ft3)

•	 Table 5. Weight of U.S. industrial wood product production by product, 1950-2006 (thousand short tons)

•	 Table 6. Energy produced from wood by end use and its 

roundwood equivalent (1015 Btu and billion ft3)

•	 Table 7. Value of shipments for forest products industries 

by SIC Code 1961–1996, by NAICS code, 1997–2006 

(billion 2005$)

•	 Table 8. Value of Shipments in paper products industries 

(NAICS 322) by region (billion 2005$)

•	 Table 9. Value of shipments in wood products industries 

(NAICS 321) by region (billion 2005$)

•	 Table 10. Value of shipments in wood and paper products 

industries (NAICS 321,322) by region (2005$)

Analysis Techniques

General Description

This report contains data for 1965 through 2006. Some data 

were derived from mathematical calculations and some include conversions to different units of measurement. 

Specific Steps Taken

The data were compiled from official government and trade 

association reports by state, region, national level, and year. 

The data were then organized by primary product commodity over time. These primary products were then converted to 

their roundwood equivalents using government- or industryapproved conversion factors. 

Data Issues

Since 2003, the national value series normally classified 

as the Standard Industry Classification (SIC) system was 

changed to the North American Industry Classification 

System (NAICS). This change has created problems with 

making direct comparisons between certain years and wood 

products. The NAICS as a continuing report is considered to 

be replicable, available, and with good precision and bias. 

Indicator Interpretation and 

Discussion

Indicator Results

What Does the Indicator Show? 

The volume of total roundwood harvest (including fuelwood) in the United States increased fairly steadily from 

about 10 billion ft3 in the 1930s to 18.8 billion ft3 in 1989. 

Since 1989 harvest has declined, reaching a level of 16.4 

billion ft3 in 2006 (Fig. 1), a figure equivalent to about 25% 

of world harvest. Industrial roundwood production increased 

steadily between the mid 1930s and 1989 and since has been 

roughly constant.

The amount of primary wood and paper products produced 

in the United States increased relatively steadily from 82 

million tons in 1950 to 203 million tons in 1999 and has 

since then declined to 191 in 2006 (Fig. 3). In comparison, 

in 2006 the United States produced 9.5 million tons of steel 

and 142 million tons of Portland cement. 

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1900

1910192019301940195019601970

198019902000

Industrial roundwood

Total

Billion cubic feet

Figure 1. Volume of U.S industrial roundwood and fuelwood 

production (harvest), 1900–2006 (billion ft3) (total line includes industrial roundwood plus fuelwood)

Source: Table 1
Criterion 6, Indicator 25

3

The decline since 1999 is due primarily to declines in production of pulp and paper, hardwood lumber, and softwood 

plywood. These declines offset an increase of 29% in oriented strandboard (OSB) production. In 2006, the largest share 

of production, by weight, was for pulp and paper (51%), 

followed by softwood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) 

lumber (21%), hardwood lumber (10%), non-structural 

panels (6%), OSB (5%), softwood plywood (4%), and other 

industrial products (3%) (Fig. 3). 

Wood energy use was 2.2 quadrillion Btu (Quad) in 2006 

(roughly 2.4% of U.S. consumption), down from 2.7 Quad 

in 1983. Industrial use (primarily in forest products firms) 

was 1.5 Quad Btu in 2006, which is somewhat lower than 

highs in 1983 and 2000. Residential wood energy use has 

also declined but wood use for electric power has increased 

from 0.10 Quad in 1989 to 0.18 Quad in 2006 (Fig. 4). (Also 

see Indicator 24). Wood pellet fuel production increased 

from about 0.5 million tons (6% moisture content) (0.01 

Quad) in 2003 to 1.8 million tons in 2008 (0.03 Quad). In 

2008 about 20% of production was exported. Most domestic 

use was for residential heating (Spelter and Toth 2009). 

Total value of shipments for wood, paper, and furniture industries, using SIC industry codes, increased between 1973 

and 1996 from $288 to $356 million (all values adjusted for 

inflation and presented in 2005$). Between 1997 and 2006, 

using NAICS industry codes, shipments decreased from 

$322 million to $309 million (Fig. 5). The decrease was due 

to a 10% decline for paper industries. Furniture industries 

increased 13% and wood products industries were about 

constant. 

How Has it Changed Since 2003?

Volume of roundwood harvest and total weight of primary 

products production has remained relatively stable between 

2000 and 2006, although the weight of production has 

increased for softwood lumber, OSB, and miscellaneous 

products and declined for other primary products—pulp 

and paper, hardwood lumber, softwood plywood, and nonstructural panels. 

The value of paper industry shipments decreased 12% between 2000 and 2006 from $187 to $165 million, but values 

were about the same between 2000 and 2006 for wood products and wood furniture shipments (Fig. 5).

Regional Variation and Associated Issues

The most important development in wood products production from a regional standpoint has been the marked 

increase in roundwood harvests in the South along with 

concurrent reductions in the North and Pacific Coast Regions. Industrial roundwood harvest volume increased 80% 

in the South between 1970 and 2006, accounting for 62% 

of the U.S. total in 2006. In 2006 the North provided 18%, 

followed by the Pacific Coast at 16%, and the Rocky Mountains at 3%. Harvest decreased between 1991 and 2006 in all 

regions except the South (Fig. 2). 

Percentage changes in harvest are not fully reflected in the 

value of final product shipments, which have remained 

much more stable across the regions (Fig. 6). Even though 

the South had the largest volume of harvest in 2006, the 

value of shipments for wood and paper industries was highest for the North, at $108 billion, followed by the South, at 

$104 billion. Value of shipments has declined since 1997 in 

the North, South, and Pacific Coast, and has increased in the 

Rocky Mountains. The Region with the highest total value 

of primary products shipments may change if wood furniture industries were included. But state level wood furniture 

values were not available for this report.

Assessment of Ability to Measure Underlying 

Concern

General Assessment

The change in the SIC system to the NAICS makes it difficult to track value changes over time. So the direct comparison of values in 2003 to 2006 is difficult. The ability to track 

volume changes over time is a strength for this indicator.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1952

1962

1970

1976

1986

1991

1997

2001

2006

Billion cubic feet

North South Rocky Mtn Pacific Coast

Figure 2. Volume of all industrial roundwood harvested by 

region, 1952–2006 (million ft3) 

Source: Table 4

0

50

100

150

200

250

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Million tons

Pulp, paper, paperboard SW lumber

HW lumber SW plywood

OSB Non structural panels

Other industrial product

Figure 3. Weight of wood and paper products produced by 

product 1950–2006 (million tons)

Source: Table 5
4

Congruence of U.S. Results with TAC 

Recommendations

Because the availability of national data for this indicator is 

good, the U.S. results are consistent with the TAC recommendations. National data sources are available, enabling 

the compilation of volume and value of wood products production.

Suggested Steps for Improvement

None

Cross-Cutting Issues and Relation 

to Other Indicators

The level and trend in wood and paper production are key 

factors in sustaining certain benefits from forests—benefits 

of employment and wages (Indicators 36 and 37), benefits 

in revenue to various groups (Distribution of Revenues–

Indicator 40), and contribution to community resiliency 

(Indicator 38). The level of wood and paper production are 

determined by the competitiveness of U.S. industries in relation to foreign industries which, in turn, is influenced in the 

long run by the level capital investment in new technology 

(Indicator 34), by levels of research and education in the 

United States (Indicator 35), and by the productivity of U.S. 

forests (Indicator 11). 

Concluding Remarks

What does the information on import share of consumption 

and export share of production of wood products indicate 

about sustainable forestry and sustaining benefits of forests? 

In aggregate, the volume of industrial roundwood used to 

make products, the weight produced, and the value of U.S. 

shipments has been stable to declining in recent years. But 

for some industries there have been increases in OSB weight 

of production and in furniture value. U.S. demand for products is likely to continue to increase in the long run with increasing population and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). 

If the cost of providing wood products from the United 

States is high relative to other countries or alternative materials, this would tend to limit increase in the levels of U.S. 

harvest and the value that contributes to U.S. forest management, employment, and wages. 

Volume of roundwood harvest has increased in the South in 

recent years but declined in other regions although value of 

shipments for wood and paper products (excluding furniture) has declined in all regions in recent years. 

If the value of shipments continues to decline, this would 

tend to decrease revenues to forest landowners and employees from these traditional products. Maintaining revenues 

from forests would require increased revenues from other 

sources such as recreation, environmental services, or potential new products such as biomass for energy.

Research Note FPL–RN–0316

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Residential

Commercial

Industrial

Electric power

1015 Btus

Figure 4. Wood energy produced, by consumer, 1950–2006 

(1015 Btu) (each line is added to the line below).

Source: Table 6

0

50

100

150

200

250

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Billion 2005$

Lumber and wood products-SIC 24 

Paper and allied products-SIC 26 

Wood furniture from parts of SIC 25

Wood products NAICS 321

Paper products NAICS 322

Wood furniture from parts of NAICS 337

Figure 5. Value of shipments for forest products industries 

by SIC Code 1961–1996, by NAICS code, 1998–2006 (billion 

2005$) (each line is added to the line below).

Source: Table 7

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

North South Pacific Coast Rocky Mnts.

Billion 2005$

1997

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Figure 6. Value of shipments in wood and paper products 

industries (NAICS 321, 322) by region (billion 2005$).

Source: Table 10
5

Sources

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pdf

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manmin/92mmi/mci25bf.pdf

Criterion 6, Indicator 25

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lang=en&_ts=251027861514

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6

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7

Criterion 6, Indicator 25

Appendix—Indicator 25–Value and volume of wood and wood products 

production, including primary and secondary processing.

Table 1. Volume of U.S industrial roundwood and fuelwood production (harvest), 1900–2006 (million 

cubic feet)

Year 

Industrial

roundwood Fuelwood Total Year 

Industrial

roundwood Fuelwood Total Year

Industrial

roundwood Fuelwood Total 

1900 7,280 4,800 12,080 1944 7,455 2,915 10,370 1988 15,618 3,066 18,684

1901 7,580 4,650 12,230 1945 6,605 2,975 9,580 1989 15,722 3,041 18,763

1902 7,880 4,500 12,380 1946 7,705 2,675 10,380 1990 15,577 3,019 18,596

1903 8,215 4,350 12,565 1947 8,090 2,685 10,775 1991 14,894 3,028 17,922

1904 8,490 4,200 12,690 1948 8,375 2,665 11,040 1992 15,280 3,044 18,324

1905 8,625 4,050 12,675 1949 7,355 2,820 10,175 1993 15,011 3,084 18,095

1906 9,225 3,900 13,125 1950 8,530 2,270 10,800 1994 15,306 3,134 18,440

1907 9,555 3,825 13,380 1951 8,745 2,230 10,975 1995 15,430 2,937 18,367

1908 8,725 3,975 12,700 1952 8,775 2,010 10,785 1996 15,258 2,739 17,997

1909 9,275 3,825 13,100 1953 8,790 1,920 10,710 1997 14,790 2,542 17,332

1910 9,295 3,910 13,205 1954 8,755 1,835 10,590 1998 14,899 2,523 17,422

1911 9,020 4,035 13,055 1955 9,225 1,745 10,970 1999 15,032 2,542 17,574

1912 9,330 3,760 13,090 1956 9,620 1,655 11,275 2000 15,631 1,622 17,253

1913 9,170 3,780 12,950 1957 8,615 1,565 10,180 2001 14,907 1,621 16,528

1914 8,565 3,975 12,540 1958 8,530 1,480 10,010 2002 14,878 1,520 16,398

1915 8,285 3,975 12,260 1959 9,390 1,390 10,780 2003 14,614 1,515 16,129

1916 8,530 3,955 12,485 1960 8,925 1,300 10,225 2004 15,296 1,540 16,836

1917 7,940 4,040 11,980 1961 8,745 1,215 9,960 2005 15,459 1,550 17,009

1918 7,310 4,290 11,600 1962 9,035 1,125 10,160 2006 14,891 1,550 16,441

1919 7,725 4,075 11,800 1963 9,560 1,055 10,615 — — — — 

1920 7,770 4,065 11,835 1964 10,170 985 11,155 — — — — 

1921 6,565 4,270 10,835 1965 11,231 915 12,146 — — — — 

1922 7,605 3,760 11,365 1966 11,520 845 12,365 — — — — 

1923 8,535 3,375 11,910 1967 11,333 780 12,113 — — — — 

1924 8,245 3,380 11,625 1968 11,784 700 12,484 — — — — 

1925 8,350 3,225 11,575 1969 11,818 620 12,438 — — — — 

1926 8,220 3,065 11,285 1970 11,851 535 12,386 — — — — 

1927 7,775 3,200 10,975 1971 12,114 500 12,614 — — — — 

1928 7,670 3,225 10,895 1972 12,456 475 12,931 — — — — 

1929 8,045 3,170 11,215 1973 12,705 505 13,210 — — — — 

1930 6,305 3,790 10,095 1974 12,031 535 12,566 — — — — 

1931 4,610 4,390 9,000 1975 10,904 570 11,474 — — — — 

1932 3,400 4,980 8,380 1976 12,103 600 12,703 — — — — 

1933 4,040 5,005 9,045 1977 12,530 1,000 13,530 — — — — 

1934 4,340 4,825 9,165 1978 12,930 1,525 14,455 — — — — 

1935 5,095 4,510 9,605 1979 13,221 2,205 15,426 — — — — 

1936 5,980 4,265 10,245 1980 12,081 3,105 15,186 — — — — 

1937 6,370 4,075 10,445 1981 11,467 3,180 14,647 — — — — 

1938 5,570 4,325 9,895 1982 11,328 3,355 14,683 — — — — 

1939 6,370 4,190 10,560 1983 12,891 3,235 16,126 — — — — 

1940 6,990 3,890 10,880 1984 13,368 3,620 16,988 — — — — 

1941 8,055 3,595 11,650 1985 13,400 3,450 16,850 — — — — 

1942 8,085 2,865 10,950 1986 14,644 3,096 17,740 — — — — 

1943 7,560 2,785 10,345 1987 15,385 3,076 18,461 — — — — 

Sources: 1900–1964: (Bureau of Census 1975, table L 72-86); 1965–1999: (Howard 2007, table 5a).
8

Research Note FPL–RN–0316

Table 2. Volume of softwood industrial roundwood harvested by landowner and region, 1952–2006 (×106 ft3)

 

 1952 1962 1970 1976 1986 1991 1997 2001 2006 

Industrial land 

North 129 109 153 196 397 433 178 143 189 

South 802 580 960 1,366 1,785 1,843 2,119 2,229 2,144 

Rocky Mountain 128 145 138 115 178 198 152 150 134 

Pacific coast 1,737 1,455 1,645 1,740 1,862 1,658 1,174 1,158 1,270 

Total 2,796 2,289 2,896 3,417 4,222 4,132 3,623 3,680 3,737 

Other private land 

North 400 321 314 352 415 383 519 412 350 

South 1,198 1,937 2,286 2,511 3,147 3,039 3,736 4,063 3,982 

Rocky Mountain 79 74 118 147 154 200 221 231 248 

Pacific coast 885 504 460 393 393, 680 783 866 684 

Total 3362 2,836 3,178 3,403 4,109 4,302 5,259 5,572 5,264 

National forest 

North 27 31 37 34 35 63 34 15 37 

South 155 117 180 235 222 217 177 47 42 

Rocky Mountain 218 387 480 426 465 425 186 79 76 

Pacific coast 561 1,100 1,221 1,172 1,431 1,084 316 109 147 

Total 961 1,635 1,918 1,867 2,153 1,789 713 250 302 

Other public land 

North 40 40 45 54 61 58 94 73 100 

South 81 73 101 139 164 183 166 174 149 

Rocky Mountain 72 78 78 85 79 173 54 51 63 

Pacific coast 210 371 478 544 510 355 263 254 242 

Total 403 562 702 822 814 769 577 552 554 

 

Total 

North 596 501 549 636 908 937 825 643 677 

South 3,036 2,707 3,527 4,251 5,318 5,282 6,198 6,513 6,318 

Rocky Mountain 497 684 814 773 876 996 613 511 521 

Pacific Coast 3,393 3,430 3,804 3,849 4,196 3,777 2,536 2,387 2,344 

Total 7,522 7,322 8,694 9,509 11,298 10,992 10,172 10,054 9,857 

Sources: Haynes 2003, 2007, Resource Planning Act (RPA) tables. 
9

Criterion 6, Indicator 25

Table 3. Volume of hardwood industrial roundwood harvested by landowner and region, 

1952–2006 (×106

 ft3)

1952 1962 1970 1976 1986 1991 1997 2001 2006 

Industrial land 

North 117 86 126 144 417 511 312 251 286 

South 284 323 321 291 499 527 687 628 527 

Rocky Mountain 0 0 1 1 27 0 3 3 3 

Pacific coast 20 25 40 37 81 83 67 45 51 

Total 421 434 488 473 1,024 1,121 1,069 927 867 

Other private land 

North 1,155 1,123 1,186 1,199 2,567 2,857 2,078 1,504 1,501 

South 1,554 1,253 1,414 1,299 2,255 2,224 2,570 2,793 2,764 

Rocky Mountain 1 1 1 1 17 9 29 18 17 

Pacific coast 8 28 23 44 17 130 68 58 64 

Total 2,718 2,405 2,624 2,543 4,856 5,220 4,745 4,373 4,346 

National forest 

North 41 43 55 64 102 137 87 56 55 

South 50 40 49 33 49 48 99 31 18 

West 9 14 19 4 16 12 32 4 2 

Total 100 97 123 101 167 197 218 91 75 

Other public land 

North 68 77 98 95 104 179 341 257 301 

South 45 46 56 84 128 86 83 105 69 

Rocky Mountain 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 

Pacific coast 7 5 15 19 43 43 17 14 15 

Total 122 130 170 199 276 310 444 378 386 

Total 

North 1,381 1,329 1,465 1,502 3,190 3,684 2,818 2,068 2,143 

South 1,933 1,662 1,840 1,707 2,931 2,885 3,439 3,557 3,379 

Rocky Mountain 3 3 3 3 45 11 35 26 22 

Pacific Coast 35 58 78 100 141 256 152 119 131 

West 9 14 19 4 16 12 32 — — 

Total 3,361 3,066 3,405 3,316 6,323 6,848 6,476 5,770 5,675 

Source: Haynes 2003, FS 2007. 
10

Research Note FPL–RN–0316

Table 4. Volume of all industrial roundwood harvested by landowner and region, 1952–2006 (×106 ft3)

1952 1962 1970 1976 1986 1991 1997 2001 2006 

Industrial land 

North 246 195 279 340 814 944 490 394 396 

South 1,086 903 1,281 1,657 2,284 2,370 2,806 2,857 2,731 

Rocky Mountain 128 145 139 116 205 198 155 153 153 

Pacific coast 1,757 1,480 1,685 1,777 1,943 1,741 1,241 1,203 1,179 

Total 3,217 2,723 3,384 3,890 5,246 5,253 4,692 4,607 4,459 

Other private land 

North 1,555 1,444 1,500 1,551 2,982 3,240 2,597 1,916 1,931 

South 3,552 3,190 3,700 3,810 5,402 5,263 6,306 6,856 6,686 

Rocky Mountain 80 75 119 148 171 209 250 250 249 

Pacific coast 893 532 483 437 410 810 851 925 890 

Total 6,080 5,241 5,802 5,946 8,965 9,522 10,004 9,947 9,756 

National forest 

North 68 74 92 98 137 200 121 71 92 

South 205 157 229 268 271 265 276 77 60 

West 78 1,501 1,720 1,602 1,912 1,521 534 191 225 

Total 1,061 1,732 2,041 1,968 2,320 1,986 931 339 377 

Other public land 

North 108 117 143 149 165 237 435 330 401 

South 126 119 157 223 292 269 249 279 218 

Rocky Mountain 74 80 79 86 80 175 57 53 64 

Pacific coast 217 376 493 563 553 398 280 268 257 

Total 525 692 872 1,021 1,090 1,079 1,021 930 940 

Total 

North 1,977 1,830 2,014 2,138 4,098 4,621 3,643 2,711 2,819 

South 4,969 4,369 5,367 5,958 8,249 8,167 9,637 10,070 9,695 

Rocky Mountain 282 300 337 350 456 582 462 455 466 

Pacific Coast 2,867 2,388 2,661 2,777 2,906 2,949 2,372 2,395 2,326 

West 788 1,501 1,720 1,602 1,912 1,521 534 192 225 

Total 10,883 10,388 12,099 12,825 17,621 17,840 16,648 15,823 15,531 

Sources: Haynes 2003; FS 2007. 
11

Criterion 6, Indicator 25

Table 5. Weight of U.S. industrial wood product production by product, 1950–2006 (thousand short tons) Year Total 

Softwood

plywood 

Oriented

strandboard 

Laminated 

veneer 

lumber 

Hardwood 

plywood and 

veneer 

Softwood

lumber 

Hardwood 

lumber 

Lumber 

made at 

pallet plants

Particleboard

production 

Hardboard 

production 

Mediumdensity 

fiberboard 

production 

Pulp paper 

and board 

Other

industrial 

products 

Insulating

board 

1950 82,814 1,463 — — 781 29,905 12,444 0 30 336 0 24,375 12,705 774 1951 83,472 1,638 — — 786 28,793 13,012 0 42 306 0 26,048 12,045 803 

1952 81,464 1,738 — — 803 29,516 12,197 0 46 360 0 24,423 11,550 830 1953 84,182 2,104 — — 806 28,912 12,116 0 59 371 0 26,567 12,375 871 1954 83,469 2,181 — — 732 28,588 11,937 0 68 408 0 26,411 12,210 934 1955 90,273 2,890 — — 889 29,107 12,766 0 98 465 0 30,154 12,870 1,033 1956 91,858 2,971 — — 884 29,413 13,446 0 156 474 0 31,428 12,045 1,041 1957 86,501 3,091 — — 772 26,456 12,550 0 257 500 0 30,666 11,220 988 

1958 87,827 3,548 — — 755 26,729 12,975 0 352 535 0 30,823 11,055 1,056 1959 97,302 4,231 — — 883 29,784 14,399 0 359 645 0 33,748 12,045 1,208 1960 88,651 4,243 — — 723 26,039 13,498 0 326 603 0 33,758 8,415 1,046 

1961 88,943 4,646 — — 856 25,447 12,842 0 410 673 0 34,937 8,085 1,046 

1962 92,674 5,094 — — 995 26,182 13,714 0 515 764 0 36,678 7,673 1,059 

1963 98,468 5,674 — — 1,104 26,898 15,419 0 641 847 0 38,272 8,498 1,116 1964 104,539 6,264 — — 1,255 28,589 15,690 0 832 840 0 40,961 8,910 1,198 1965 108,850 6,807 — — 1,345 28,599 15,929 153 1,059 913 105 43,465 9,240 1,234 1966 113,172 7,140 — — 1,362 28,162 16,488 182 1,333 964 117 46,971 9,323 1,131 1967 110,976 7,086 — — 1,257 27,503 15,712 183 1,510 949 130 46,969 8,498 1,178 1968 115,986 8,036 — — 1,318 28,589 14,740 202 1,956 1,160 145 50,561 8,003 1,276 1969 117,566 7,489 — — 1,227 27,669 14,727 233 2,365 1,327 161 53,530 7,508 1,330 1970 115,751 7,842 — — 1,179 26,876 14,057 222 2,434 1,370 179 53,408 7,013 1,173 1971 121,339 9,097 — — 1,263 29,326 14,254 242 3,317 1,633 198 53,753 6,848 1,410 1972 128,690 10,021 — — 1,332 30,239 14,334 272 4,330 1,812 220 58,009 6,683 1,439 1973 132,863 10,011 — — 1,186 30,836 14,837 325 4,866 1,891 245 60,548 6,683 1,437 1974 125,754 8,683 — — 919 27,046 14,257 360 4,324 1,767 272 60,403 6,518 1,205 1975 113,612 8,777 — — 690 26,112 12,325 278 3,520 1,775 302 52,393 6,353 1,087 1976 128,193 10,084 — — 711 29,873 13,462 343 4,485 2,120 394 59,283 6,188 1,251 1977 134,878 10,596 — — 779 31,923 14,343 413 5,019 2,411 620 61,149 6,353 1,271 1978 139,249 10,918 — — 778 32,704 15,120 473 5,231 2,445 714 63,085 6,518 1,262 1979 141,870 10,748 — — 755 32,509 15,706 518 4,748 2,402 713 65,873 6,683 1,215 1980 134,030 8,932 84 53 681 27,530 15,452 452 4,148 1,919 693 66,217 6,848 1,021 1981 129,293 9,161 169 70 641 24,797 12,622 442 4,035 1,908 726 66,931 7,013 780 1982 124,165 8,666 348 70 909 23,222 13,494 400 3,365 1,746 627 63,483 7,178 657 1983 141,708 10,653 838 88 971 29,020 14,794 450 4,231 2,282 849 69,352 7,343 836 1984 149,916 10,897 1,276 88 988 30,434 17,027 500 4,494 2,137 892 72,742 7,508 934 1985 148,675 11,030 1,668 123 881 30,577 16,196 550 4,684 1,969 963 71,459 7,673 904 1986 160,650 12,096 2,196 140 912 34,435 17,680 600 5,067 1,819 1,098 75,964 7,838 806 1987 170,251 12,523 2,548 158 1,000 37,415 19,006 600 5,212 1,705 1,264 79,830 8,168 823 1988 174,510 12,359 2,878 193 1,019 37,224 19,813 600 5,385 1,599 1,320 82,847 8,415 859 1989 175,444 11,695 3,191 210 1,011 36,653 20,345 610 5,425 1,624 1,364 83,257 9,158 901 1990 176,164 11,440 3,386 280 1,009 34,941 20,792 610 5,352 1,570 1,336 85,307 9,273 868 1991 171,482 10,200 3,508 280 982 32,373 18,847 620 5,304 1,530 1,347 86,546 9,092 853 1992 180,125 10,572 4,158 298 934 33,706 19,276 620 5,597 1,648 1,499 90,885 10,065 868 1993 182,205 10,563 4,376 368 992 32,165 20,620 620 5,964 1,640 1,633 92,154 10,247 866 1994 188,569 10,740 4,679 403 1,182 33,297 20,900 640 6,387 1,627 1,759 96,595 9,504 857 1995 187,601 10,591 4,939 490 1,209 31,467 21,337 660 5,906 1,541 1,557 98,582 8,465 857 1996 189,362 10,490 5,821 560 1,171 32,476 21,074 657 6,270 1,650 1,752 98,334 8,250 857 1997 195,566 9,824 6,584 665 1,229 33,844 21,386 628 6,372 1,407 1,948 102,822 8,003 857 1998 196,569 9,721 7,017 718 1,288 33,853 23,470 608 6,459 1,344 1,970 101,262 8,003 857 1999 203,229 9,743 7,258 838 1,323 35,803 24,145 590 6,511 1,371 1,987 104,801 8,003 857 2000 193,159 9,557 7,441 833 1,487 35,110 21,259 735 6,756 1,182 2,093 100,900 4,950 857 2001 182,836 8,269 7,833 935 1,381 33,760 19,970 735 5,760 1,038 1,946 95,080 5,273 857 2002 185,987 8,313 8,391 982 1,376 34,979 19,828 735 6,207 912 2,280 95,890 5,238 857 2003 183,454 8,042 8,509 1,181 1,343 35,738 18,360 735 5,603 1,345 2,261 94,232 5,247 857 2004 192,318 8,020 8,919 1,510 1,327 38,147 19,708 735 6,053 1,212 2,457 98,124 5,247 857 2005 193,153 7,837 9,366 1,586 1,311 39,731 19,501 735 5,781 1,358 2,588 97,256 5,247 857 2006 190,996 7,343 9,350 1,544 1,188 37,642 19,275 735 5,890 1,198 2,701 98,025 5,247 857 Sources: 1950–1964: (Ince, 1998 table 2); 1965–1999: (Howard, 2001, table 9); 1999–2006 (Howard, 2007, table 9). 
12

Research Note FPL–RN–0316

Table 6. Energy produced from wood by end use, and its roundwood equivalent 

(1015 Btu and ×106

 ft3)

Year Residential Commercial Industrial 

Electric 

power Total 

Total in 

roundwood 

equivalent 

(×106

 ft3)

1949 1.06 0.02 0.47 0.01 1.55 6.20 

1950 1.01 0.02 0.53 0.01 1.56 6.24 

1951 0.96 0.02 0.55 0.01 1.53 6.12 

1952 0.90 0.02 0.55 0.01 1.47 5.88 

1953 0.83 0.02 0.57 0.01 1.42 5.68 

1954 0.80 0.02 0.58 0.00 1.39 5.56 

1955 0.78 0.01 0.63 0.00 1.42 5.68 

1956 0.74 0.01 0.66 0.00 1.42 5.68 

1957 0.70 0.01 0.62 0.00 1.33 5.32 

1958 0.69 0.01 0.62 0.00 1.32 5.28 

1959 0.65 0.01 0.69 0.00 1.35 5.40 

1960 0.63 0.01 0.68 0.00 1.32 5.28 

1961 0.59 0.01 0.70 0.00 1.29 5.16 

1962 0.56 0.01 0.73 0.00 1.30 5.20 

1963 0.54 0.01 0.77 0.00 1.32 5.28 

1964 0.50 0.01 0.83 0.00 1.34 5.36 

1965 0.47 0.01 0.85 0.00 1.33 5.32 

1966 0.45 0.01 0.90 0.00 1.37 5.48 

1967 0.43 0.01 0.89 0.00 1.34 5.36 

1968 0.43 0.01 0.98 0.00 1.42 5.68 

1969 0.42 0.01 1.01 0.00 1.44 5.76 

1970 0.40 0.01 1.02 0.00 1.43 5.72 

1971 0.38 0.01 1.04 0.00 1.43 5.72 

1972 0.38 0.01 1.11 0.00 1.50 6.00 

1973 0.35 0.01 1.16 0.00 1.53 6.11 

1974 0.37 0.01 1.16 0.00 1.54 6.15 

1975 0.43 0.01 1.06 0.00 1.50 5.99 

1976 0.48 0.01 1.22 0.00 1.71 6.85 

1977 0.54 0.01 1.28 0.00 1.84 7.35 

1978 0.62 0.01 1.40 0.00 2.04 8.14 

1979 0.73 0.01 1.40 0.00 2.15 8.60 

1980 0.85 0.02 1.60 0.00 2.47 9.90 

1981 0.87 0.02 1.60 0.00 2.50 9.98 

1982 0.97 0.02 1.52 0.00 2.51 10.04 

1983 0.97 0.02 1.69 0.00 2.68 10.74 

1984 0.98 0.02 1.68 0.00 2.69 10.74 

1985 1.01 0.02 1.65 0.01 2.69 10.75 

1986 0.92 0.03 1.61 0.01 2.56 10.25 

1987 0.85 0.03 1.58 0.01 2.46 9.85 

1988 0.91 0.03 1.63 0.01 2.58 10.31 

1989 0.92 0.08 1.58 0.10 2.68 10.72 

1990 0.58 0.07 1.44 0.13 2.22 8.86 

1991 0.61 0.07 1.41 0.13 2.21 8.86 

1992 0.64 0.07 1.46 0.14 2.31 9.25 

1993 0.55 0.08 1.48 0.15 2.26 9.04 

1994 0.52 0.07 1.58 0.15 2.32 9.30 

1995 0.52 0.07 1.65 0.13 2.37 9.48 

1996 0.54 0.08 1.68 0.14 2.44 9.75 

1997 0.43 0.07 1.73 0.14 2.37 9.48 

1998 0.38 0.06 1.60 0.14 2.18 8.74 

1999 0.39 0.07 1.62 0.14 2.21 8.86 

2000 0.42 0.07 1.64 0.13 2.26 9.05 

2001 0.37 0.07 1.44 0.13 2.01 8.02 

2002 0.38 0.07 1.40 0.15 2.00 7.98 

2003 0.40 0.07 1.36 0.17 2.00 8.01 

2004 0.41 0.07 1.48 0.17 2.12 8.48 

2005 0.45 0.07 1.45 0.18 2.16 8.63 

2006 0.41 0.06 1.52 0.18 2.17 8.69 

a

Notes: Residential use is primarily roundwood with some waste wood from other sources. Commercial use is a 

mix of roundwood and wood waste. Industrial use is from pulp liquor and wood waste. Energy is converted to 

roundwood equivalent using 4 billion cubic feet per quadrillion Btus. 

b

Sources: 1949–1988: (USDE EIA 2001, tables 10.2a, 102b); 1973–2006: (USDE EIA 2010). 

c

Table 6. Value of shipments in wood and paper products industries (NAICS industry codes 321, 322) by region 

(billion 2005$). 

d

Source: Table 10.
13

Criterion 6, Indicator 25

Table 7. Value of shipments for forest products industries by SIC Code 1961–1996, by NAICS code, 

1997–2006 (billion 2005$) 

Year 

Lumber and 

wood

products

SIC 24 

Paper and 

allied 

products

SIC 26 

Wood 

furniture

from parts of

SIC 25 

Total wood,

paper and

furniture

industries 

Wood 

products

NAICS 321

Paper 

products

NAICS 322

Wood 

furniture

from

parts of 

NAICS 337 

Total wood,

paper and 

furniture

NAICS 

industries 

1960 – – – – – – – – 

1961 – 96,592 – – – – – – 

1962 51,657 98,898 – – – – – – 

1963 60,166 104,396 – – – – – – 

1964 62,257 108,329 – – – – – – 

1965 63,848 115,190 – – – – – – 

1966 64,618 123,051 – – – – – – 

1967 65,519 122,618 – – – – – – 

1968 72,227 125,194 – – – – – – 

1969 74,709 129,989 – – – – – – 

1970 65,657 124,836 – – – – – – 

1971 72,001 122,764 – – – – – – 

1972 111,274 132,047 – – – – – – 

1973 123,079 144,065 20,625 287,768 – – – – 

1974 106,377 165,054 19,704 291,136 – – – – 

1975 91,457 151,532 16,328 259,317 – – – – 

1976 86,135 143,170 18,603 247,907 – – – – 

1977 128,727 167,861 19,862 316,450 – – – – 

1978 139,349 170,741 21,693 331,782 – – – – 

1979 134,111 175,396 20,235 329,742 – – – – 

1980 111,738 172,532 18,399 302,670 – – – – 

1981 100,566 172,388 17,775 290,728 – – – – 

1982 86,893 161,593 16,632 265,118 – – – – 

1983 101,976 166,631 17,706 286,313 – – – – 

1984 105,569 179,847 20,248 305,664 – – – – 

1985 102,280 171,882 19,806 293,968 – – – – 

1986 108,896 177,668 20,471 307,034 – – – – 

1987 119,810 187,380 22,750 329,940 – – – – 

1988 118,940 202,866 22,275 344,081 – – – – 

1989 117,194 207,736 21,768 346,698 – – – – 

1990 110,916 197,878 20,465 329,259 – – – – 

1991 101,079 186,598 18,268 305,944 – – – – 

1992 113,821 185,226 19,715 318,762 – – – – 

1993 127,411 180,111 19,191 326,713 – – – – 

1994 136,398 189,303 20,330 346,030 – – – – 

1995 134,487 222,619 23,460 380,566 – – – – 

1996 132,590 199,983 23,758 356,331 – – – – 

1997 – – – – 107,652 182,884 31,121 321,657 

1998 – – – – 109,242 185,696 33,338 328,275 

1999 – – – – 114,394 184,622 34,960 333,975 

2000 – – – – 106,233 187,471 35,903 329,607 

2001 – – – – 96,216 171,862 33,833 301,911 

2002 – – – – 96,697 166,910 36,359 299,966 

2003 – – – – 97,776 160,373 35,204 293,353 

2004 – – – – 106,924 159,186 35,738 301,847 

2005 – – – – 112,095 161,928 34,387 308,410 

2006 – – – – 108,891 165,037 35,052 308,980 

a

Sources: SIC 24, 26 1977–2000 (USDC BEA, 2002a); SIC 25 1977–1992 (USDC BOC 1995a, 1995b); SIC 25 1993–1996 (USDC 

BOC 1998); NAICS 1997–1999 (USDC BOC 2001); NAICS 2000–2006 (USDC BOC 2002–2006); GDP deflator (USDC BEA, 

2002b). 

b

Note: Definitions of SIC groups changed somewhat in 1987 and so data before 1987 are not strictly comparable with data for 1987

and after. 

c

Note: Codes used under SIC 24 are 2511, 2517, 2521, and 2541. Codes used under NAICS 337 are 33711, 337122, 337211, and 

337212.
14

Research Note FPL–RN–0316

Table 8. Value of shipments in paper products 

industries (NAICS 322) by region (billion 2005$) 

 North South 

Pacific

coast 

Rocky 

Mountains

Not

specified Total

1997 89 71 19 5 1 185 

1998 – – – – – 196 

1999 – – – – – 198 

2000 – – – – – 196 

2001 – – – – – 183 

2002 87 73 19 6 0 185 

2003 80 67 17 5 1 170 

2004 76 67 17 4 1 165 

2005 75 59 17 10 10 170 

2006 73 60 17 10 2 163 

a

Sources: USDC BOC 1999, 2004–2010.

Table 9. Value of shipments in wood products industries 

(NAICS 321) by region (billion 2005$) 

 North South 

Pacific

coast 

Rocky 

Mountains

Not

specified Total

1997 32 46 23 8 0 109 

1998 – – – – – 115

1999 – – – – – 122

2000 – – – – – 111

2001 – – – – – 180

2002 36 40 21 7 3 107 

2003 35 42 20 6 0 104 

2004 37 44 22 7 0 111 

2005 36 46 21 8 0 112 

2006 35 44 20 8 0 107 

Sources: USDC BOC 1999, 2004–2010. 

Table 10. Value of shipments in wood and paper products 

industries (NAICS 321, 322) by region (2005$) 

 North South 

Pacific 

coast 

Rocky 

Mountains

Not

specified Total 

1997 122 117 42 13 1 295 

1998 – – – – – 311

1999 – – – – – 320

2000 – – – – – 307

2001 – – – – – 363

2002 123 112 40 13 3 292 

2003 115 109 37 11 2 274 

2004 113 111 39 12 2 276 

2005 111 105 38 18 10 283 

2006 108 104 38 18 3 270 

a

Sources: USDC BOC 1999, 2004–2010.