UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA

Case No. 20-cv-23114-BLOOM/Louis

HARVEY C. BROOKS, III,

Plaintiff,

v.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF 

VETERANS AFFAIRS,

Defendant.

________________________________/

ORDER

THIS CAUSE is before the Court upon a sua sponte review of the record. Plaintiff filed 

this action on July 28, 2020, see ECF No. [1], generating a October 26, 2020, service deadline. 

See Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(m). On August 28, 2020, the Court entered an Order to File Proof of Service, 

ECF No. [10] (“Order”), noting that as of that date, a summons had not been issued as to Defendant 

and that “service has not been perfected or waived.” The Court also noted that Plaintiff had filed 

on July 28, 2020 a Notice of a Lawsuit and Request to Waive Service of a Summons, ECF No. 

[4]. In the Order, the Court cautioned Plaintiff that the “[f]ailure to effectuate service of a summons 

and the complaint on Defendant by the stated deadline will result in dismissal without prejudice 

and without further notice.”

On August 31, 2020, Plaintiff filed a “Proof of Service,” ECF No. [11]; however, the filing 

stated that it “served” the Complaint, the Notice of a Lawsuit and Request to Waive Service of a 

Summons, but there was no accompanying signed waiver of service by Defendant nor a summons. 

The docket entry, moreover, reflects that no summons had been issued at that time. Id. On 

September 28, 2020, a summons was issued, ECF No. [12], and on October 13, 2020, Defendant 

filed its notice of appearance. ECF No. [13].

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Based on the record, Plaintiff has not properly served Defendant pursuant to Rules 4(i) and 

4(c), Fed. R. Civ. P. (requiring that service on the United States be made by delivering a “copy of 

the summons and of the complaint” and that a “summons must be served with a copy of the 

complaint”). See also Marcus v. Postmaster Gen., U.S. Postal Serv. Se. Area, 461 F. App’x 820 

(11th Cir. 2011) (affirming dismissal of pro se complaint for failing to serve defendant in 

compliance with Rules 4(i) and 4(m) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure); Albra v. Advan, 

Inc., 490 F.3d 826, 829 (11th Cir. 2007) (holding that plaintiff failed to properly effect service 

where plaintiff “served [defendant] by mailing a copy of the summons without attaching a copy of 

the complaint” and explaining that “Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(c) provides that service of 

process shall be effected by serving a summons ‘together with a copy of the complaint. . . . within 

the time allowed under [Rule 4(m)] . . . by any person who is not a party and who is at least 18 

years of age.’ A defendant’s actual notice is not sufficient to cure defectively executed service.”) 

(emphasis in original; internal citation omitted). In fact, in the United States’ Scheduling Report 

and Discovery Plan, ECF No. [15] (“Scheduling Report”),

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it represents that it has conferred with 

Plaintiff “on numerous occasions” and explained to him that he “did not effect proper service of 

the summons and complaint” because he sent a complaint that “was not accompanied by a 

summons” to the United States Attorney’s Office. Id. at 1-2. 

As noted in the Order, Plaintiff’s failure to effectuate “service of a summons and the 

complaint” on Defendant by October 26, 2020 “will result in dismissal without prejudice and 

without further notice.” ECF No. [10]. Rule 4(m), moreover, directs that a court “must dismiss the 

action without prejudice against that defendant or order that service be made within a specified 

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In the Scheduling Report, Defendant requests that Plaintiff be given until November 16, 2020 to 

properly serve the United States, and Plaintiff requests that Defendant be given until December 

12, 2020 to file an answer or motion to dismiss. ECF No. [15] at 3.

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time” if a defendant is not served within 90 days after the complaint is filed. Id. The Court, 

accordingly, is justified to dismiss this case without prejudice at this time. However, because 

Plaintiff is proceeding pro se, he has been in contact with Defendant (who has appeared and 

submitted filings), and Defendant has not argued that it has been prejudiced by Plaintiff’s actions, 

the Court concludes that Plaintiff shall be granted an extension to properly serve Defendant in 

accordance with Rule 4, Fed. R. Civ. P., and the Order. See Marcus, 461 F. App’x at 822 

(explaining that district court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing action for failure to properly 

serve defendant within time requirements of Rule 4(m) where court informed plaintiff that service 

was not in compliance with Rule 4(i) and it had granted a one month extension to properly perfect 

service even though plaintiff “never offered any good cause for extending the time for service of 

process”).

Accordingly, it is ORDERED AND ADJUDGED as follows:

1. Plaintiff must serve Defendant in accordance with Rule 4, Fed. R. Civ. P., by 

December 3, 2020. 

2. Within seven (7) days of perfecting service upon Defendant or receipt of 

Defendant’s executed waiver of service, Plaintiff shall file proof of such service 

or waiver with the Court.

3. Failure to effectuate service of a summons and the complaint on Defendant by 

the stated deadline will result in dismissal without prejudice and without further 

notice.

4. Defendant shall answer or otherwise respond to the Complaint within sixty (60) 

days of proper service of the Complaint. 

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DONE AND ORDERED in Chambers at Miami, Florida, on November 3, 2020.

_________________________________

BETH BLOOM

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

Copies to:

Counsel of Record

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