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Foreword

If nonviolent, substance-abusing offenders are going to change their behavior, the criminal

justice system has to catch their attention. In the traditional court process, these offenders have

too often cycled in and our repeatedly — at taxpayers’ expense. The approach taken by drug

courts, however, can make a difference.

Drug courts combine intensive judicial supervision, mandatory drug testing, escalating

sanctions, and treatment to help substance-abusing offenders break the cycle of addiction — and

the crime that often accompanies it. Drug court judges work with prosecutors, defense

attorneys, probation officers, and drug treatment specialists to require appropriate treatment for

offenders, monitor their progress, and ensure the delivery of other services, like education or job

skills training, to help offenders remain crime and drug-free.

Our research shows drug courts have an impact on both drug use and recidivism. A National

Institute of Justice evaluation of the nation’s first drug court in Miami showed a 33 percent

reduction in rearrests for drug court graduates compared with other similarly situated offenders. 

We’re now beginning to see similar results in other jurisdictions. And 50 to 65 percent of drug

court graduates stop using drugs.

As a result, there is growing excitement across the country today about drug courts. Where a

few years ago this innovative approach was being tested in only a few jurisdictions, today

hundreds of communities are planning or implementing drug courts, many with funding from the

Office of Justice Programs’ (OJP) Drug Courts Program Office under the Administration’s

Crime Act initiatives. Over the past two years, more than 150 communities have received

roughly $33 million in OJP funds to plan, implement, or improve drug courts.

This document is designed to share information about what these pioneers have learned about

implementing an effective drug court. The guide is not a blueprint that must be followed to the

letter, but, rather, a set of flexible elements communities can adapt to their specific needs and

resources.

To have a real impact on drug-related crime in this country, we must use whatever works to get

drug users back into a healthy and productive lifestyle. I hope communities will find this guide

useful in implementing drug courts and stopping the revolving door of drug use and crime.
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Abuse Treatment With Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System, TIP #21, Treatments Drug

Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse Treatment With Legal Case Processing, TIP #23. Rockville,

MD:, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, 1996.

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 Rydell, P., Everingham, S. Controlling Cocaine: Supply Versus Demand Programs. Santa Monica, 9 

CA: RAND Corporation, Office of National Drug Control Policy, Policy Research Center, 1994.

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