WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER 

WITHDRAWAL FROM EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS,

NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

By Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

ABSTRACT

Water levels in 722 wells in the Coastal Plain of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and northeastern Delaware 

were measured during October and November 1993 and were used to define the potentiometric surface of the eight 

major confined aquifers of the area. Isochlors (lines of equal chloride concentration) for 250 and 10,000 milligrams 

per liter are included to show the extent of freshwater in each of the aquifers. Estimated water withdrawals from 

the eight major confined aquifers are reported for 1978-94. Water-withdrawal and water-level maps including 

isochlors were constructed for the Cohansey aquifer of Cape May County, the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, the 

Piney Point aquifer, the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, the Englishtown aquifer system, the Upper PotomacRaritan-Magothy, the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy, and the Lower Potomac-RaritanMagothy aquifers. 

From 1988 to 1993, water levels near the center of the large cones of depression in the MiddlesexMonmouth County area rose as much as 120 ft in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer and Englishtown aquifer 

system, 40 ft in the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, and 96 ft in the Middle and undifferentiated 

Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifers. Large cones of depression in the potentiometric surface of aquifers of the 

Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in the Burlington-Camden-Gloucester area remained at about the same 

altitude; that is, the potentiometric surface neither rose nor fell in the aquifers by more than 5 feet. In the same 

area, water levels in the Englishtown aquifer system were static, whereas the water levels in the Wenonah-Mount 

Laurel aquifer declined 5 to 20 feet, forming an expanded cone of depression. Water levels in the Cohansey, 

Atlantic City 800-foot sand, and Piney Point aquifers declined by 1 to 10 feet during 1988-93.

INTRODUCTION

Ground-water withdrawals from the major confined aquifers in the New Jersey Coastal Plain began in the 

late 1800’s. Several regional cones of depression in the potentiometric surfaces of the aquifers have developed as a 

result of the withdrawals. Before 1978, the cones of depression were mapped locally on a sporadic basis. During 

1978, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental 

Protection (NJDEP), mapped the potentiometric surfaces of the major aquifers in the New Jersey Coastal Plain and 

developed a plan to map the potentiometric surfaces of the major confined aquifers at 5-year intervals.

Purpose and Scope

This report presents the potentiometric-surface maps of the major confined aquifers of the New Jersey 

Coastal Plain for 1993. Specifically, the report (1) documents estimated water withdrawal during 1978-94, (2) 

shows major water-withdrawal areas in 1992, (3) presents hydrographs showing water levels in observation wells 

during 1978-94, (4) shows the estimated location of the 250-mg/L and 10,000-mg/L isochlors, and (5) shows the 

freshwater-saltwater interface in the outcrop area of each aquifer. Maps showing water levels, water withdrawal, 

and extent of freshwater and hydrographs showing water levels and withdrawal are presented for the Cohansey 

aquifer in southern Cape May County, the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, the Piney Point aquifer, the WenonahMount Laurel aquifer, the Englishtown aquifer system, the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, the Middle 

and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, and the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer. Water 

levels in 722 wells were measured during October 18-December 9, 1993, and are listed together with water levels 

measured during the 1978, 1983, and 1988 ground-water-level studies. Hydrographs of water levels for 85 

observation wells during 1978-94 show long-term changes in water level in each of the eight aquifers.

Study Area

The study area (fig. 1-1) is about 9,500 mi2 and includes the Coastal Plain of New Jersey and 

Pennsylvania and parts of the Coastal Plain in Delaware, New York, and nearshore areas of the Atlantic Ocean. 

The area of study focuses on Atlantic, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester, Monmouth, 

Ocean, Salem, and parts of Mercer and Middlesex Counties in New Jersey; Kent and New Castle Counties in 

Delaware; and Bucks, Philadelphia, and Delaware Counties in Pennsylvania.

Previous Investigations

Previous potentiometric-surface maps in this series show ground-water levels in 1978 (Walker, 1983), 

1983 (Eckel and Walker, 1986), and 1988 (Rosman, Lacombe, and Storck, 1996).

Hydrogeology

The aquifers included in the study area are part of the wedge-shaped deposits of sand, silt, and clay that 

range in age from Cretaceous to Quarternary (table 1-1). These deposits are less than 50 ft thick along the Fall Line 

and are greater than 6,500 ft thick in southern Cape May County. Zapecza (1989) describes the hydrogeology in 

detail. The relative positions of the aquifers of the Coastal Plain are illustrated in figure 1-2.

Methods of Data Collection

Estimated water-withdrawal data were compiled from NJDEP records and stored in the USGS, State 

Water Use Data System. Static water-level altitudes in 722 wells screened in the major confined aquifers were 

measured by USGS personnel from late October to early December 1993 to represent the average of the low water 

level that occurs during late summer and the high water level that occurs during spring. Water levels were 

measured in public-, industrial-, commercial-, irrigation-, and domestic-supply wells and observation wells. 

Wells were selected on the basis of areal distribution within each aquifer. As in previous studies, waterlevel altitudes were measured by use of (1) a steel measuring tape, which is the most accurate device, (2) an 

electric measuring tape, which is slightly less accurate, and (3) an airline, which is the least accurate. The airline 

method was used only where wells were inaccessible for measuring with the steel tape or electric tape.

The pumps in high-capacity supply wells were turned off at least 1 hour before measurement of the water 

level in the well. In addition, pumps in all other high-capacity supply wells screened in the same aquifer within 

0.25 mile of the measured well were turned off for at least 1 hour before measurement of the water level. 

Following USGS methods for water-level measuring, field personnel made several measurements in each well until 

two similar readings were obtained at least 5 minutes apart to ensure that the water-level measurement reflected the 

local static water level. In this report, “observation well” means a well that had not been pumped during the 

previous 24 hours, and “production well” means a well that had not been pumped in the hour before water-level 

measurement but may have been pumped during the previous 24 hours. In previous reports, the terms “observation 

well” and “production well” were applied to the original use of the well, not to its use during this investigation. 

Water levels were referenced to the land-surface altitude at each well site. The altitude of land surface was 

used to adapt water levels to the sea-level datum.

The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was estimated by use of data from the saltwater front as 

modeled for each major aquifer of the New Jersey Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope and A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological 

Survey, written commun., 1993). This is the simulated location of water that is about one-half freshwater and onehalf seawater. The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor is based on published maps that show the estimated location 

of the isochlor in each aquifer. If no map was available to show the location of the 250-mg/L isochlor in a 

particular aquifer, then the isochlor was interpreted from chloride data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey Water 

Quality Data Base. The 250-mg/L isochor designates the limit of the fresh drinking water as defined by the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency’s secondary drinking-water standards. The surface-water saltwater/freshwater 

interface near the coastline is based on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (1992) wetland delineation maps that 

separate estuarine and marine wetlands populated by saltwater-tolerant plants from palustrine, lacustrine, and 

riverine wetlands and upland areas not populated by saltwater-tolerant plants. The location of the saltwater fronts is 

used to determine the extent of freshwater supplies and the location of the saltwater/density-driven component of 

ground-water flow.

Description of Data Presented

Data on ground-water withdrawal, extent of freshwater, and ground-water levels are presented and 

discussed for each aquifer. Estimated water-withdrawal data are presented as hydrographs and maps for each 

aquifer. The 250- and 10,000-mg/L isochlors delineate the extent of freshwater and are shown on the 

potentiometric-surface maps. Water-level data are presented as tables, hydrographs, and maps to show regional and 

long-term trends in water levels for each aquifer. The three data sets are presented together to show the regional 

and temporal effects of ground-water withdrawal on the potentiometric surface of an aquifer and the proximity of 

saltwater to the major pumping centers.

The water-level tables contain a well-identification number for each well; site location (latitude, longitude, 

and land-surface altitude); owner’s name; local well identifier; year drilled; screen interval; date of 1993 waterlevel-altitude measurement; water-level altitudes measured for the previous surveys in 1978, 1983, and 1988, if 

available; and changes in water levels from 1988 to 1993, if available.

The scale of the 1993 potentiometric-surface maps, like previous maps in this series, is 1:250,000. The 

maps were prepared from the water-level data listed in respective tables and adapted from water levels simulated 

by Martin (1990). The simulated water-level contours on the maps are represented by the dashed contour lines in 

the eastern part of each map and are labeled “approximate”. Changes in water level between 1988 and 1993 of 10 

ft or more are discussed in some detail. The accuracy of the potentiometric contours depends upon the distribution 

of wells, accuracy of land-surface-altitude data, and accuracy of the water-level measurements. Differences in 

heads in a few randomly spaced wells may be caused by local variations in withdrawal or recharge, measurementaccuracy limitations, or differences in the recovery periods at recently pumped wells. Seasonal water-level 

fluctuations and long-term trends in the altitude of the potentiometric surface can be extrapolated from the waterlevel hydrographs. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells show water-level trends during 1978-94.

Well-Numbering System

The well-numbering system used in this report is based on the system used by the USGS office in New 

Jersey since 1978. The well number consists of a county code and a sequence number for the well inventoried in 

that county. The code for New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, counties in this report are

 Atlantic, 1 Cumberland, 11 Monmouth, 25

 Burlington, 5 Gloucester, 15 Ocean, 29

 Camden, 7 Mercer, 21 Salem, 33

 Cape May, 9 Middlesex, 23 Philadelphia County, PH

For example, well number 7-221 is the 221st well inventoried in Camden County. The well numbers used 

in Delaware are numbers assigned by the Delaware Geological Survey.

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the water purveyors and well owners for allowing 

access to their wells for water-level measurements. The authors wish to thank Richard Kropp, Michael Bleicher, 

Jan Gheen, Diane Zalaskus, Jennifer Myers, and Scott Tyrrell of the New Jersey Department of Environmental 

Protection for their assistance and direction. The authors also wish to thank Stewart Lovell of the Delaware 

Department of Natural Resources for his assistance in data collection in Delaware.

CONVERSION FACTORS, ABBREVIATED UNITS, AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

Multiply By To obtain

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter

mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer

square mile (mi2) 2.59 square kilometer

gallon (gal) 3.785 liter

foot per year(ft/yr) 0.3048 meter per year

cubic foot (ft3) 0.02832 cubic meter

gallons per minute (gal/min) 0.000228 cubic feet per second

million gallons per day (Mgal/d) 0.0438 cubic meter per second

million gallons per year (Mgal/yr) 3.78 x 103 cubic meter per year

ABBREVIATED UNITS

Chloride concentrations in this report are expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L) 

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

Sea level: In this report “sea level” refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929--a geodetic datum 

derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of the United States and Canada, formerly called 

Sea Level Datum of 1929.

Altitude: In this report altitude refers to distance above or below sea level.

Potentiometric surface: A surface which represents the static head in a aquifer. The potentiometric surface is 

defined by the levels to which water will rise in tightly cased wells open to an aquifer.

Isochlor: Line of equal chloride concentration.

CONFINED AQUIFERS OF THE NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN

Cohansey Aquifer

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Estimated water withdrawal from the Cohansey aquifer in southern Cape May County has remained 

between 5 and 6 Mgal/d during 1978-94 (fig. 1-3). Withdrawals were primarily from public-supply wells in the 

southern part of the county (fig. 1-4). Water withdrawal by Wildwood Water Utility and Lower Township 

Municipal Utilities Authority (MUA) has increased since 1978 (P. J. Lacombe, U.S. Geological Survey, written 

commun., 1993); however, water withdrawals by Cape May City Water Utility have decreased because saltwater 

has intruded from the south. The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor showing the extent of freshwater (fig. 1-5) was 

mapped by Lacombe and Carleton (1992). The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor is outside the area shown on 

the map. Saltwater intrusion has forced the abandonment or severely curtailed the use of 12 to 15 public- and 

industrial-supply wells in southern Cape May County since 1950 (Gill, 1962; Lacombe and Carleton, 1992).

Water Levels

Water-level altitude measurements for 33 wells screened in the Cohansey aquifer are listed in table 1-2 

(reverse side of sheet 1), and the potentiometric surface based on these data is shown in figure 1-5. Maps of 

simulated water levels by Martin (1990, fig. 50) were modified to close the contours south and west of the Cape. 

The locations of the contour lines are about the same as those mapped for 1988 (Rosman and others, 1996). The 

map shows a major cone of depression centered under the southern part of the Cape. Within this cone are three 

localized cones of depression centered on the public-supply wells of Wildwood Water Utility, Lower Township 

MUA, and Cape May City Water Utility. Water-level altitudes at each of these pumping centers are at about -20 ft 

or deeper. The minimum water-level altitude measured during the study was -30 ft at well 9-54. The maximum 

water-level altitude was +14 ft at well 9-350.

Water-level changes from 1988 to 1993 were calculated for 20 wells (table 1-2). Water levels declined 1 

to 14 ft in 16 wells and rose 1 to 7 ft in 4 wells. Water levels were measured in early December 1988 and in midNovember 1993. The reason for the apparent decline in water levels during 1988-93 could be that 1993 water 

levels were measured a few weeks earlier in the season, when water levels are slightly lower. The water level 

declined more than 10 ft in well 9-54 (14 ft). Water withdrawal from this well increased during 1990-93 to supply 

new service areas of the Lower Township MUA.

Water-level hydrographs for three observation wells are shown in figure 1-6. Hydrographs for wells 9-60 

and 9-80 show little change in the annual high-water level from 1978 to 1994. The water-level hydrograph for well 

9-150 shows an increase in annual high-water level during 1978-85, then a constant high-water level during 

1985-94. This well is near Cape May City Water Utility public-supply wells, where water withdrawals decreased 

during 1978-85 because of saltwater intrusion. Water levels in these and other available observation wells have a 

seasonal fluctuation of 8 to 15 ft, which reflects increased withdrawal rates during the summer and reduced 

withdrawal rates during the rest of the year.

In summary, water levels in the Cohansey aquifer have remained fairly constant or have declined less than 

10 ft in most areas because water withdrawals from the aquifer have remained fairly constant since 1988. The 

extent of freshwater in this aquifer is limited, and the saltwater front is within 2,000 ft of some supply wells. 

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Introduction, Cohansey Aquifer, Summary, References - SHEET 1 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

A

A'

F ALL

LINE

Pennsville

Salem

Woodstown

Bridgeton

Glassboro

Millville

Lambertville

Woodbine

Princeton

Egg Harbor City

New Egypt

Clarksburg

Jamesburg

Sayreville

Freehold

Toms River

Bound Brook

Burlington

Moorestown

Vineland

Mays Landing

Cape May

Woodbury Gibbstown

Willingboro

Flemington

Atlantic

Highlands

Red Bank

Eatontown

Rio

Grande

Ocean City

Margate City

Ventnor City

Barnegat Light

Lavallette

Ship Bottom

Beach Haven

Long

Branch

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle Point

Pleasant

Forked River

Lakewood

Browns Mills

Medford Lakes

Berlin

Camden

Penns

Grove

Wildwood

Avalon

Pleasantville

New Brunswick

Matawan

Hightstown

Trenton

Hammonton Tuckerton

Manahawkin

Asbury Park

Atlantic City

Cape May

Court House

Edison

Wilmington

Dover

East Brunswick

Mount Holly

Somerville

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

Study area

Line of hydrogeologic section A A' shown in figure 1-2

EXPLANATION

NOT TO SCALE

Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer

Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer

Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer

Englishtown aquifer system

Vincentown aquifer

Bedrock

Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system

Piney Point aquifer

Atlantic City 800-foot sand

Confined par

Cohanse

t of the

y aquifer

Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer

Rio Grande

water-bearing

zone

Holly Beach

water-bearing

zone Atlantic

Ocean

Delaware

River

Fall line

Undifferentiated

Potomac-Raritan-Magothy

aquifer system

Confining unit

Location of section shown in figure 1-1.

EXPLANATION

NORTH

A

SOUTH

A'

OCEAN CITY

TUCKAHOE

MARMORA

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

Delaware

Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Tuckahoe River

Maurice

River

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

-20

0

-10

-20

-20

9-350

14

9-281

5

9-99

3

9-219

2

9-89

-1

9-292

2

9-310

2

9-314

2 9-159

-5

9-338

2

9-354

2

9-155

4

9-80

-5

9-187

-7

9-213

-8

9-188

-11

9-74

-23

9-60

-15

9-261

-14

9-395

-17

9-57

-17

9-54

-30

9-210

-13

9-353

-21

9-49

-14

9-48

-21

9-36

-23

9-11

-17 9-150

-17

9-17

-15

0 1 2 3 4 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE

QUADRANGLE AND NAME

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR-Shows

 altitude at which water would have stood

 in a tightly cased well. Dashed where

 approximate. Contour interval 20 feet

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR-

 Interpreted freshwater-saltwater interface

 (modified from Gill and Farlekas, 1976)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-

 SALTWATER INTERFACE-Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland

 Coverages (1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL

 FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH IS

 AVAILABLE-Upper number is well number;

 lower number is water-level altitude,

 in feet. Hydrographs shown in figure 1-6

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL-

 Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet.

 Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement.

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL-

 Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet.

 Well may have been pumped during the

 preceding 24 hours, but not during the

 hour before water-level measurement.

Only selected wells listed in table 1-2 are

shown. Datum is sea level

9-48

-21

9-310

2

9-80

-5

-20

AVALON

75°00' 74°52'30" 74°45' 74°37'30"

39°

15'

39°

07'

30"

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

Delaware

Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Tuckahoe River

Maurice

River

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

0 1 2 3 4 MILES

0 1 2 3 4 KILOMETERS

75°00' 74°52'30" 74°45' 74°37'30"

39°

15'

39°

07'

30"

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

Wildwood Water

Utility

Lower Township

Municipal Utilities

Authority

Cape May City

Water Utility

-40

0

-30

-20

-10

-30

10

-20

-10

0

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-40

0

-30

-20

-10

Well 9-60

Well 9-80

Well 9-150

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

10

2

4

6

8

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Figure 1-1. Location of study area.

Figure 1-2. Diagrammatic hydrogeologic section of the New Jersey and Pennsylvania Coastal Plain. 

(Modified from Martin, in press)

Figure 1-3. Estimated water withdrawal from the Cohansey aquifer, Cape May County, 1978-94.

Figure 1-4. Estimated water withdrawals from the Cohansey aquifer, Cape May County, 1992.

Figure 1-5. Potentiometric surface of the Cohansey aquifer, Cape May County, 1993.

Figure 1-6. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Cohansey aquifer, 

Cape May County, 1978-94.

REFERENCES CITED

Eckel, J.A., and Walker, R.L., 1986, Water levels in major artesian aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 

1983: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4028, 62 p., 7 pls.

Gill, H.E., 1962, Ground-water resources of Cape May County, New Jersey, saltwater invasion of principal 

aquifers: New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic Development, Special Report 18, 171 p.

Gill, H.E., and Farlekas, G.M., 1976, Geohydrologic maps of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in the 

New Jersey Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-557, 2 sheets, 

scale 1:500,000.

Lacombe, P.J., and Carleton, G.B., 1992, Saltwater intrusion into fresh ground-water supplies, Southern Cape May 

County, New Jersey, 1890-1991, in Borden, R.C., and Lyke, W.L., eds., Future availability of groundwater 

resources: American Water Resources Association Technical Publication Series TPS-92-1 p. 287-297.

Leahy, P.P., 1979, Digital model of the Piney Point aquifer in Kent County, Delaware: Delaware Geological Survey 

Report of Investigations 29, 80 p.

Martin, M.M., 1984, Simulated ground-water flow in the Potomac aquifers, New Castle County, Delaware: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4007, 85 p.

Martin, M.M., in press, Ground-water flow in the New Jersey Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Professional 

Paper 1404-H.

Olsson, R.K., Miller, K.G., and Ungrady, T.E., 1980, Late Oligocene Piney Point transgression of Atlantic Coastal 

Plain: Geological Society of America, Abstract with Programs, v.12, no. 2, p.76.

Pucci, A.A., Pope, D.A., and Gronberg, J.M., 1994, Hydrogeology, simulation of regional ground-water flow, and 

saltwater intrusion, Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, northern Coastal Plain of New Jersey: New 

Jersey Geological Survey, Geological Survey Report GSR 36, 209 p.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

The principal sources of water supply in the New Jersey Coastal Plain are the eight major confined 

aquifers that underlie the region. Ground-water withdrawals have stressed many of the aquifers, causing formation 

of large regional cones of depression and movement of the saltwater front within the aquifers.

Water levels were measured in 722 wells in during October 18-December 9, 1993, and compared with 

water levels measured during a similar study in 1988. Water levels measured during the 1993 study were used to 

construct potentiometric-surface maps for the eight aquifers. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells 

screened in the aquifers were used to evaluate long term as well as seasonal trends in water levels since 1978. 

Ground-water-withdrawal data for 1978-94 were compiled from the New Jersey Department of 

Environmental Protection to compare water withdrawals from and the potentiometric surface of each aquifer. 

Water-withdrawal hydrographs were used to evaluate the trends in water withdrawal during 1978-94, and waterwithdrawal maps were used to show the locations of major withdrawal areas in each aquifer in 1992.

The extent of freshwater was determined from published maps that show the location of the 250-mg/L 

isochor (lines of equal chloride concentration) or from water-quality data available from the USGS water quality 

data base. The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was determined by means of computer simulations. 

Water withdrawals from the Cohansey aquifer remained fairly constant, between 5 and 6 Mgal/d during 

1978-88, but increased slightly during 1988-94. As a result, the potentiometric surface in 1993 was generally about 

the same size as in 1988, but slightly lower in the Lower Township area. The extent of freshwater continued to 

decrease, and saltwater intrusion continued to restrict the withdrawal of freshwater in certain supply wells along 

the shore. 

Water withdrawals from the Atlantic City 800-foot sand increased from about 6.3 to 6.8 Mgal/d in Cape 

May County and from 4.5 to 5.0 Mgal/d in Ocean County and decreased from 9.0 to 8.5 Mgal/d in Atlantic County 

during 1978-94. As a result, the potentiometric surface declined about 1 to 9 ft in most areas during 1988-93 

except in Ocean City, where it declined about 10 ft. The water level in the center of the cone of depression was 

about -92 ft, about the same as in 1988. The extent of freshwater remained about the same. 

Water withdrawals from the Piney Point aquifer in eastern Ocean County remained fairly constant, about 

1.7 Mgal/d during 1978-93, although withdrawals increased slightly after 1988. During the same time, water 

withdrawals in the Buena area increased from 0.1 to 0.3 Mgal/d, and withdrawals in Dover, Del., increased from 

about 3.8 to 4.5 Mgal/d. As a result of withdrawals in the eastern Ocean County area, the potentiometric surface in 

1993 was 1 to 9 ft lower than in 1988. In the Buena area, water levels declined about 12 ft. Water levels in 

Cumberland County were about 5 ft lower in 1993 than in 1988 as a result of withdrawals in the greater Dover, 

Del., area. Water level altitudes in the Atlantic City area declined from -31 to -34 ft as a result of continued 

withdrawals from the overlying Atlantic City 800-foot sand. The extent of freshwater in 1993 is interpreted to be 

about the same as in 1988.

Water withdrawal from the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer in the northern Coastal Plain decreased from 

1.4 to 0.9 Mgal/d during 1978-93. The NJDEP mandated decreased withdrawals for this and deeper aquifers in the 

area. As a result of decreased withdrawal from the aquifer, the water levels at the center of the cone of depression 

in the northern Coastal Plain rose about 120 ft, and the cone decreased in size during 1988-93. Water withdrawal 

from the aquifer in the southern Coastal Plain increased from 3.6 to 6.3 Mgal/d during 1984-94. This near doubling 

of withdrawal is the result the NJDEP’s request of water users to limit planned increases in withdrawal from the 

deeper aquifers. As a result of increased withdrawals, the cone of depression centered in the greater Camden 

County area expanded into Gloucester County, and the water-level altitudes in the center of the cone of depression 

declined 15 to 20 ft so that in 1993 they were about -30 and -50 ft. The extent of freshwater appears to be about 

the same as in 1988.

Water withdrawal from the Englishtown aquifer system in the northern Coastal Plain remained constant at 

about 9 Mgal/d during 1978-87 and decreased to about 5 Mgal/d in 1994 as a result of a NJDEP mandate to 

substitute surface-water supply for ground-water supply in the region. Because of decreased withdrawal from the 

Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer and the Englishtown aquifer system, the potentiometric surface at the center of the 

cone of depression rose about 60 ft during 1988-93 in the northern Coastal Plain. Water withdrawals in the 

southern Coastal Plain remained constant at about 0.8 Mgal/d during 1978-94; therefore, the potentiometric surface 

in the greater Camden County area remained the same. The extent of freshwater is unknown because the chloride 

concentration of well water in 1993 was less than 25 mg/L in all wells.

Water withdrawals in the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer in the northern Coastal Plain decreased 

from 46 to 27 Mgal/d during 1988-94 as a result of the NJDEP’s mandate to restrict withdrawal of ground water 

from the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system. Decreased withdrawals from these aquifers resulted in a higher 

potentiometric surface with less extensive cones of depression in 1993 than in 1988. Water levels rose about 40 ft 

in the Asbury Park area and about 30 ft in the northern Monmouth-eastern Middlesex County area. Water 

withdrawals in the southern counties increased slightly, from 28 to 32 Mgal/d, during 1978-88 and remained 

constant at about 32 Mgal/d during 1988-94. As result, the cone of depression centered under the greater Camden 

County area remained fairly constant. Water-level altitudes near the center of the cone of depression were about 

-100 ft in 1988 and 1993. 

Water withdrawals from the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer in the 

northern Coastal Plain decreased from 32 to 20 Mgal/d during 1988-94. Again, this reduction was a result of the 

NJDEP mandate. The decrease in withdrawals caused the potentiometric surface at the center of the cone of 

depression to rise about 80 ft during 1988-93. Water withdrawals in the southern counties increased from 53 to 

76 Mgal/d during 1978-88 but remained constant at about 76 Mgal/d during 1988-93. As a result, the cone of 

depression centered under the greater Camden County area remained fairly constant during 1988-93. Water-level 

altitudes at the center of the cone of depression were about -90 ft in 1988 and 1993. The extent of freshwater 

remained about the same.

Water withdrawals from the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer decreased from 61 to 58 Mgal/d 

during 1986-94. As a result of decreased withdrawals from this and other aquifers in the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer system, the altitude of the potentiometric surface in 1993 was about the same as it was in 1988, and the 

extent of freshwater remained about the same as in 1988.

Rosman, Robert, Lacombe, P.J., and Storck, D.A., 1996, Water levels in the major artesian aquifers of the New 

Jersey Coastal Plain, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4060, 

74 p., 7 pls.

Schaefer, F.L., 1983, Distribution of chloride concentrations in the principal aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal 

Plain, 1977-81: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4061, 56 p.

Todd, D.K., 1980, Groundwater hydrology: New York, John Wiley & Sons, 535 p.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1990, Digital wetlands delineation maps (data base):U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 

St. Petersburg, Fla.

U.S. Geological Survey,1967, Engineering geology of the Northeast Corridor, Washington, D.C., to Boston 

Massachusetts: Coastal Plain and surficial deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations 

Map 514-B, 8 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Walker, R.L., 1983, Evaluation of water levels in major aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1978: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4077, 56 p.

Woodruff, K.D., 1969, The occurrence of saline groundwater in Delaware aquifers: Delaware Geological Survey 

Report of Investigations 13, 45 p. 

Zapecza, O.S., 1989, Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey 

Professional Paper 1404-B, 49 p., 24 pls.

Zapecza, O.S., Voronin, L.M., and Martin, M.,M., 1987, Ground-water withdrawal and water-level data used to 

simulate regional flow in the major Coastal Plain aquifers of New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 87-4038, 120 p.

Cohansey

aquifer

SYSTEM SERIES GEOLOGIC UNIT LITHOLOGY HYDROGEOLOGIC

UNIT HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISITICS

Quaternary

Holocene

Pleistocene

Miocene

Tertiary

Oligocene

Eocene

Paleocene

Upper

Cretaceous

Cretaceous

Lower

Cretaceous

Pre-Cretaceous

Alluvial deposits

Beach sand

and gravel

Cape May

Formation

Pensauken

Formation

Bridgeton

Formation

Beacon Hill Gravel

Cohansey Sand

Kirkwood Formation

Piney Point

Formation

Shark River

Formation

Manasquan

Formation

Vincentown

Formation

Hornerstown Sand

Tinton Sand

Red Bank Sand

Navesink

Formation

Mount Laurel Sand

Wenonah Formation

Marshalltown

Formation

Englishtown Formation

Woodbury Clay

Merchantville

Formation

Magothy

Formation

Raritan

Formation

Potomac Group

Bedrock

Sand, silt, and black mud

Sand, quartz, light-colored, medium- to coarse-grained,

pebbly

Sand, quartz, light-colored, heterogeneous, clayey,

pebbly

Gravel, quartz, light-colored, sandy

Sand, quartz, light-colored, medium- to coarse-grained,

pebbly; local clay beds

Sand, quartz, gray and tan, very fine- to

medium-grained, micaceous, and dark-colored

diatomaceous clay

Sand, quartz and glauconite, fine- to coarse-grained

Clay, silty and sandy, glauconitic, green, gray, and

brown, contains fine-grained quartz sand

Sand, quartz, gray and green, fine- to coarse-grained,

glauconitic, and brown clayey, very fossiliferous,

glauconite and quartz calcarenite

Sand, clayey, glauconitic, dark green, fine- to coarse-grained

Sand, quartz, and glauconite, brown and gray,

fine- to coarse-grained, clayey, micaceous

Sand, clayey, silty, glauconitic, green and black,

medium- to coarse-grained

Sand, very fine- to fine-grained, gray and brown, silty,

slightly glauconitic

Clay, silty, dark greenish-gray, glauconitic quartz sand

Sand, quartz, tan and gray, fine- to medium-grained; local clay beds

Clay, gray and black, micaceous silt

Clay, glauconitic, micaceous, gray and black; locally very fine-grained quartz and glauconitic sand

Sand, quartz, light-gray, fine- to coarse-grained.

Local beds of dark-gray lignitic clay. Includes

Old Bridge Sand Member

Sand, quartz, light-gray, fine- to coarse-grained

pebbly arkosic; contains red, white, and variegated clay.

Includes Farrington Sand Member

Alternating clay, silt, sand, and gravel

Precambrian and Lower Paleozic crystalline rocks,

metamorphic schist and gneiss; locally Triassic

sandstone and shale and Jurassic diabase are present

Undifferentiated

Kirkwood-Cohansey

aquifer system

Confining unit

Rio Grande

water-bearing zone

Confining unit

Atlantic City

800-foot sand

Piney Point

aquifer

Vincentown

aquifer

Red Bank Sand

WenonahMount Laurel aquifer

Marshalltown-Wenonah

confining unit

Englishtown aquifer

system

Merchantville-Woodbury

confining unit

Composite confining unit

Upper aquifer

Confining unit

Middle aquifer

Confining unit

Lower aquifer

Potomac-Raritan-Magothy

aquifer system

Bedrock confining unit

Surficial material, commonly hydraulically

connected to underlying aquifers.

Locally some units may act as

confining units. Thicker sands are

capable of yielding large quantities

of water

A major aquifer system.

Ground water occurs generally

under water-table conditions.

In Cape May County the

Cohansey Sand is under artesian conditions

Thick diatomaceous clay bed occurs

along coast and for a short distance inland. A thin water-bearing sand

is present in the middle of this unit

A major aquifer along the coast

Poorly permeable sediments

Yields moderate quantities of water

Poorly permeable sediments

Yields small quantities of water

in and near its outcrop area

Poorly permeable sediments

Poorly permeable sediments

A major aquifer

A leaky confining unit

A major aquifer. Two sand units in

Monmouth and Ocean Counties

A major confining unit. Locally

the Merchantville Formation may contain

a thin water-bearing sand

A major aquifer system. In the

northern Coastal Plain, the upper

aquifer is equivalent to the

Old Bridge aquifer and the middle

aquifer is equivalent to the

Farrington aquifer. In the Delaware

River Valley, three aquifers are recognized. In the deeper subsurface, units below the upper

aquifer are undifferentiated

No wells obtain water from

these consolidated rocks,

except along Fall Line

Sand, quartz, brown and gray, fine- to coarse-grained,

slightly glauconitic

Yields small to moderate quantities

of water in and near its outcrop

area

1

Olsson and others, 1980 1

In Cape May County the

Cohansey Sand is under

artesian conditions

Table 1-1. Geologic and hydrogeologic units in the New Jersey Coastal Plain

[Shading indicates major aquifers. Modified from Zapecza, 1989, table 2.]
Table 1-2. Water-level data for wells screened in the Cohansey aquifer, Cape May County, 1978-93

[ *, well not shown in figure 1-5; --, data not available; ft, feet, WD, Water Department; TWP, Township; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; CO, Company]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 9-11 -- 385612 745457 CAPE MAY CITY WD CMCWD 1 OBS CAPE MAY 1940 7 281-321 -19 -21 -14 -17 -3 11-16

 9-17 -- 385651 745310 US COAST GUARD USCG 1 CAPE MAY 1943 11 292-322 -14 -15 -10 -15 -5 11-16

* 9-27 37-00013 385643 745533 CAPE MAY CITY WD CMCWD 3 CAPE MAY 1950 7 277-306 -- -- -- -21 -- 11-15

 9-36 -- 385701 745528 CAPE MAY CITY WD CMCWD 2/CMCWD4(NEW) CAPE MAY 1966 10 174-282 -26 -33 -20 -23 -3 11-15

* 9-43 57-00011 385724 745521 CAPE MAY CITY WD CMCWD 5 CAPE MAY 1966 15 246-276 -- -- -- -21 -- 11-15

 9-48 -- 385748 745533 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CANAL 5 OBS CAPE MAY 1957 17 242-252 -18 -23 -17 -21 -4 11- 5

 9-49 -- 385804 745742 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HIGBEE BEACH 3 OBS CAPE MAY 1957 6 241-250 -16 -15 -13 -14 -1 11- 5

* 9-52 37-00113 385851 745715 LOWER TWP MUA LTMUA 1 CAPE MAY 1956 18 241-262 -- -15 -16 -22 -6 11-12

 9-54 37-00223 385905 745625 LOWER TWP MUA LTMUA 2 CAPE MAY 1962 14 212-247 -- -18 -16 -30 -14 11-12

 9-57 37-00293 385919 745518 LOWER TWP MUA LTMUA 3 CAPE MAY 1974 20 263-303 -- -13 -13 -17 -4 11-12

 9-60 -- 390056 745426 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY AIRPORT 7 OBS RIO GRANDE 1957 13 242-257 -13 -12 -12 -15 -3 11- 5

 9-74 57-00007 390139 745349 WILDWOOD CITY WD RIO GRANDE 29 RIO GRANDE 1947 8 191-231 -- -- -- -23 -- 11-12

 9-80 -- 390213 745056 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CAPE MAY 42 OBS STONE HARBOR 1957 14 242-252 -2 -2 -4 -5 -1 11- 5

 9-89 37-00158 390425 745446 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OYSTER LAB 4 OBS RIO GRANDE 1957 7 195-210 -2 -2 -2 -1 1 11- 5

 9-99 35-00680 390611 744838 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CAPE MAY COUNTY PK 8 OBS STONE HARBOR 1957 11 214-230 4 5 4 3 -1 11- 5

 9-150 37-00155 385607 745556 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WEST CAPE MAY 1 OBS CAPE MAY 1957 7 283-293 -18 -19 -13 -17 -4 11- 5

 9-155 37-00276 385935 744954 WILDWOOD CLAM CO 3-1971 WILDWOOD 1971 5 311-331 -- -5 -3 4 7 11-11

 9-159 37-00241 385830 745021 WILDWOOD CITY WD WWD 35 WILDWOOD 1967 8 249-360 -- -2 -2 -5 -3 11-11

 9-187 -- 390218 745609 CAPE MAY COUNTY CAPE MAY F-35 RIO GRANDE 1965 10 186-190 -- -- -6 -7 -1 11-11

 9-188 -- 390215 745440 CAPE MAY COUNTY CAPE MAY F-36 RIO GRANDE 1965 6 229-233 -- -- -9 -11 -2 11-11

 9-210 -- 385946 745725 CAPE MAY COUNTY CAPE MAY C-1 CAPE MAY 1965 11 216-221 -- -- -8 -13 -5 11-11

 9-213 -- 390128 745639 CAPE MAY COUNTY CAPE MAY F-41 RIO GRANDE 1965 12 203-208 -- -- -- -8 -- 11-11

 9-219 35-03380 390601 745245 BAYSHORE ASSOCIATES 1982-200 HAND & RT 47 RIO GRANDE 1982 19 150-200 -- -- -- 1 -- 11-10

 9-261 37-00665 390032 745612 CAPE MAY COUNTY LIBRARY LIBRARY 1024 RIO GRANDE 1982 10 145-160 -- -- -- -14 -- 11-11

 9-281 37-00254 390710 745134 SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE BD-21CH STONE HARBOR 1967 11 176-181 -- -- 3 5 2 11-10

 9-292 37-03035 390337 744623 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WETLANDS 1 OBS STONE HARBOR 1988 5 251-261 -- -- -- 2 -- 11-11

 9-310 37-01781 390018 744748 WILDWOOD CITY WD RIO GRANDE 39NEW-RECHRG4 STONE HARBOR 1986 5 279-357 -- -- -1 2 3 11-11

 9-314 37-00640 385930 744852 WILDWOOD CITY WD RECHARGE 3 WILDWOOD 1982 10 212-325 -- -- -- 2 -- 11-12

 9-338 37-01811 390124 744801 HEREFORD INLET MARINA HEREFD/BISHOP 2-1986 PVC STONE HARBOR 1986 5 276-296 -- -- -- 2 -- 11-10

 9-350 36-16171 391218 744545 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GRT CEDAR SWAMP 1-D OBS WOODBINE 1992 16 227-237 -- -- -- 14 -- 11-16

 9-353 37-04871 385855 745737 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ROSLYN AVE OBS DEEP CAPE MAY 1992 20 262-272 -- -- -- -21 -- 11-15

 9-354 37-04873 390147 744855 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GRASSY SOUND 1-D OBS STONE HARBOR 1992 5 230-240 -- -- -- 2 -- 11-10

 9-395 37-04368 385909 745359 CAPE MAY NATIONAL GOLF CLUB CMNGC CART BLDG 1991 CAPE MAY 1991 18 255-275 -- -- -- -17 -- 11-15

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

PLAI

PERTH AMBOY

ARTHUR KILL

NFIELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

HOPEWELL

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

LAMBERTVILLE

PENNINGTON

PRINCETON

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

GLOUCESTER

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Glendola

Reservoir

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

Edison

Sayerville

East Brunswick

Jamesburg

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Swimming River

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

Clayton

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

-40

-20

0

-20

0

29-598

-25 29-112

-27 29-111

-27

29-561

-20

29-544

-34

29-936

-25

29-557

14

29-9

-32

29-565

-16

29-1063

-33

29-464

-23

29-814

-24

1-117

20

1-700

12

1-650

17

1-704

-37

1-706

-25

1-703

-46

1-568

-55

1-180

-41

1-967

-62

1-683

-70

1-39

-68

1-37

-83

1-680

1-15 -83

-84

1-600

-83

1-702

-92

1-367

-80

9-125

-76

9-110

-69

1-578

-59

9-144

-60

9-185

-37

9-106

-54

9-136

-47

9-129

-42

9-311

-46

9-306

-17

9-423

-19

9-161

-35

9-296

-33

9-359

-42 9-291

-47

9-4

-43

9-135

-39

9-79

-36

9-337

-20

9-2

-44

9-302

-14

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

OUTCROP OF THE KIRKWOOD FORMATION–(Modified from

 U.S. Geological Survey,1967)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. (Modified from

 Martin, in press, fig. 49). Contour interval 20 feet

APPROXIMATE UPDIP LIMIT OF THE ATLANTIC CITY 800-FOOT SAND–

 (From Zapecza, 1989)

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Interpreted freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From S.D. McAuley, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1991,

 and P.J. Lacombe, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

10,000-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Simulated freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. Hydrographs shown in figure 2-4

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level measurement

Only selected wells listed in table 2-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

1-704

-37

1-568

-55

1-180

-41

20

ELMER

Figure 2-3. Potentiometric surface of the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, 1993.

Atlantic City 800-Foot Sand

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Water withdrawals from the Atlantic City 800-foot sand increased from about 18.5 to 20 Mgal/d during 

1978-89, then decreased to 19 Mgal/d in 1994 (fig 2-1). Water withdrawals were made predominantly by barrierisland communities from Stone Harbor to Barnegat Light (fig. 2-2), but a few inland communities and industries 

also withdrew water from the aquifer. Water withdrawals during 1978-94 increased from about 5.5 to 6.8 Mgal/d in 

Cape May County, but decreased from 4.0 to 3.6 Mgal/d in Ocean County and from 9.0 to 8.6 Mgal/d in Atlantic 

County. The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor (fig. 2-3) was modified from maps by P.J. Lacombe (co-author of 

this report) and S.D. McAuley (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1991). It is within 4 mi of public-supply 

wells in Stone Harbor. The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was estimated by use of the saltwater model of the 

aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope and A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 

1993). This is the simulated location of water that is about one-half freshwater and one-half seawater.

Water Levels

Water-level data for 59 wells screened in the aquifer are listed in table 2-1 (reverse side of sheet 2) and 

were used to define the 1993 potentiometric surface shown in figure 2-3. Maps of simulated water levels by Martin 

(in press, fig. 49) and A.D. Gordon (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1992) were adapted to close the 

contours east of Ocean, Atlantic, and Cape May Counties. The potentiometric-surface map shows an elongated 

cone of depression in the aquifer, the long axis centered under the barrier-islands of Cape May, Atlantic, and 

southern Ocean Counties. The elongated cone of depression can be divided into three segments. The northern 

segment is centered under the communities from Barnegat Light to Beach Haven. The water-level altitude near the 

center of the northern cone is about -30 ft. The middle segment of the cone is centered under the barrier-island 

communities from Brigantine to Ocean City. The minimum water-level altitude at the center of the cone is about 

-92 ft. The southern segment of the cone is centered under the communities of Stone Harbor and Avalon, where the 

minimum water-level altitudes are about -40 ft. The maximum water-level altitude, about +20 ft, was measured in 

western Atlantic County.

Water-level changes during 1988-93 were calculated for 45 of the wells. Water levels declined 1 to 10 ft 

in 36 wells, rose from 1 to 6 ft in 6 wells, and remained the same in 3 wells. Water-level declines of 10 ft were 

noted for 3 wells in the Ocean City area.

Water-level hydrographs for five observation wells show long-term trends and seasonal fluctuations in 

water levels (fig. 2-4). Hydrographs for observation wells in Atlantic County (wells 1-180, 1-578, and 1-37) show 

that water levels declined 10 to 15 ft during 1978-88 in response to increased water withdrawals. The average 

water level in each observation well during 1988-94 appears to have been constant, a reflection of constant or 

decreased withdrawals during that period (fig. 2-1). Seasonal water-level fluctuations ranged from 10 to 20 ft in 

Atlantic County observation wells. This pattern reflects the large water withdrawals during the summer at the 

height of the tourist season and modest water withdrawal during the rest of the year. Water levels in observation 

wells close to the axis of the elongated cone of depression show greater seasonal fluctuations and greater annual 

declines than do water levels in other wells.

The water-level hydrographs for wells in Cape May County (9-302 and 9-306) indicate seasonal waterlevel fluctuations of 2 to 4 ft during 1989-94 and a water-level decline of about 3 ft during 1990-94. Data are 

insufficient to indicate the 1978-94 trend in water levels from these hydrographs. 

In summary, the cone of depression in 1993 was about 1 to 9 ft deeper in most areas and about 10 ft 

deeper in Ocean City than it was in 1988. In 1993, the minimum water-level altitude in the Atlantic City area was 

about -90 ft.

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Atlantic City 800-foot sand - SHEET 2 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

20

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Total

Atlantic County

Cape May County

Ocean County

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

Stone Harbor

Barnegat Light

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-10

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 1-578

Well 1-180

Well 9-302

Well 9-306

Well 1-37

Figure 2-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, 1978-94

Figure 2-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, 1992.

Figure 2-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, 1978-94.
Table 2-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, 1978-93

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 2-3; --, data not available; ft, feet; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department; TWP, Township; WC, Water Company;

NJ, New Jersey; CO, Company; CTR, Center]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 1-15 -- 392058 742711 PRESIDENT HOTEL PRESIDENT ATLANTIC CITY 1955 10 779-831 -51 -- -77 -84 -7 11-16

 1-37 56-00071 392151 742459 ATLANTIC CITY MUA GALEN HALL OBS ATLANTIC CITY 1904 10 782-837 -65 -70 -80 -83 -3 11- 4

 1-39 56-00012 392329 742348 BRIGANTINE WD NEW 4 OCEANVILLE 1966 10 733-788 -60 -65 -74 -68 6 11-18

 1-117 32-00477 393213 743832 EGG HARBOR WATER WORKS OW41 5 EGG HARBOR CITY 1964 40 350-432 28 21 19 20 1 11-19

 1-180 -- 392754 742701 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OCEANVILLE 1 OBS OCEANVILLE 1959 27 560-570 -28 -32 -39 -41 -2 11- 4

 1-367 56-00038 391859 743122 LONGPORT WD LONGPORT 2 OCEAN CITY 1947 10 750-800 -66 -68 -75 -80 -5 11-17

 1-568 36-00013 392448 743028 ATLANTIC CITY MUA ACMUA 15 PLEASANTVILLE 1961 8 583-633 -- -48 -58 -55 3 11-19

 1-578 -- 391826 743709 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY JOBS POINT OBS OCEAN CITY 1959 10 670-680 -45 -51 -55 -59 -4 11- 4

* 1-598 36-00371 392030 742852 VENTNOR CITY VCWD 9 WD ATLANTIC CITY 1965 8 740-800 -72 -76 -81 -85 -4 11-17

 1-600 56-00016 392045 742840 VENTNOR CITY VCWD 8 WD ATLANTIC CITY 1931 8 750-810 -69 -73 -79 -83 -4 11-17

 1-650 -- 392651 744254 HAMILTON TWP WD TEST 2-73 MAYS LANDING -- 20 380 -- 18 14 17 3 11-18

 1-680 -- 392120 742606 CARNIVAL CLUB 2 ATLANTIC CITY 1910 8 773-835 -- -- -76 -83 -7 11-17

 1-683 36-02091 392410 742227 BRIGANTINE WD NEW 5 BRIGANTINE INL 1980 8 725-775 -- -- -64 -70 -6 11-18

 1-700 35-04274 392933 744604 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ACGS 4 DOROTHY 1984 40 479-539 -- -- 16 12 -4 11-12

 1-702 -- 392032 743008 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BURKE AVE TW OBS OCEAN CITY 1985 5 740-750 -- -- -87 -92 -5 11- 4

 1-703 -- 392639 743232 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FAA POMONA OBS PLEASANTVILLE 1985 38 560-570 -- -- -45 -46 -1 11- 4

 1-704 -- 392343 743733 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY EGG HARBOR HS MAYS LANDING 1985 51 596-606 -- -- -37 -37 0 12- 8

 1-706 -- 392933 743130 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STKTN ST COLL PLEASANTVILLE 1985 40 520-530 -- -- -25 -25 0 11-18

* 1-889 36-11871 392007 743033 MARGATE CITY WD MCWD 8 OCEAN CITY 1989 8 735-795 -- -- -- -86 -- 11-17

 1-967 36-13010 392456 742121 BRIGANTINE WD WELL 6/2R 14TH ST NORTH BRIGANTINE INL 1990 5 702-776 -- -- -- -62 -- 11-18

 1-985 36-15426 391929 743127 MARGATE CITY WD MCWD #9 OCEAN CITY 1992 7 705-756 -- -- -- -85 -- 11-17

 9-2 37-00280 390420 744435 AVALON WD AVALON WD 2R-71/NEW 7 AVALON 1971 5 821-861 -36 -40 -46 -44 2 11-16

 9-4 37-00265 390528 744338 AVALON WD AVALON WD 6 AVALON 1968 10 880-920 -40 -42 -40 -43 -3 11-16

 9-79 -- 390210 744730 HALLER, LEE NUMMY IS 2 OBS STONE HARBOR 1968 1 833-876 -- -- -- -36 -- 11-11

* 9-92 37-00240 390525 744851 NJ/AMERICAN WC NEPTUNUS 7 STONE HARBOR 1967 17 681-791 -32 -31 -34 -38 -4 11-17

 9-106 56-00006 391343 743755 NJ/AMERICAN WC SHORE DIV 7 SEA ISLE CITY 1924 8 760-810 -46 -46 -51 -54 -3 11-17

 9-110 36-00373 391604 743539 NJ/AMERICAN WC SHORE DIV 12 OCEAN CITY 1965 7 759-814 -53 -53 -60 -69 -9 11-17

* 9-116 56-00007 391638 743451 NJ/AMERICAN WC SHORE DIV 8 OCEAN CITY 1937 7 760-810 -- -62 -64 -74 -10 11-17

 9-125 36-00314 391726 743352 NJ/AMERICAN WC SHORE DIV 11 OCEAN CITY 1962 10 800 -- -- -66 -76 -10 11-17

* 9-127 37-00064 390847 744200 SEA ISLE CITY WD SICWD 4 SEA ISLE CITY 1954 7 742-830 -38 -44 -44 -45 -1 11-16

 9-129 57-00009 390926 744131 SEA ISLE CITY WD SICWD 2 SEA ISLE CITY 1926 7 801-861 -- -40 -37 -42 -5 11-16

* 9-132 37-00079 390301 744545 STONE HARBOR WD SHWD 4 STONE HARBOR 1955 10 830-880 -31 -31 -32 -34 -2 11-15

 9-135 37-00009 390323 744525 STONE HARBOR WD SHWD 3 STONE HARBOR 1949 9 838-878 -- -34 -33 -39 -6 11-15

 9-136 56-00147 391152 743927 CORSONS INLET WD CIWC 1 SEA ISLE CITY 1904 7 802-834 -- -45 -45 -47 -2 11-17

 9-144 36-00451 391703 743756 ATLANTIC ELECTRIC CO ACEC 5 MARMORA 1975 9 650-690 -47 -54 -50 -60 -10 11-16

 9-161 -- 390704 744750 EASTERN SHORE CONVALESCENT CTR 1 STONE HARBOR 1983 16 639-654 -- -26 -32 -35 -3 11-16

* 9-173 37-00579 390314 744532 STONE HARBOR WD SHWD 6 STONE HARBOR 1981 10 810-860 -- -32 -31 -36 -5 11-15

 9-185 -- 391621 744355 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MACNAMARA W A MAMORA 1985 15 640-650 -- -- -35 -37 -2 11-16

 9-291 36-09846 390627 744254 AVALON WD AVALON WD 9 AVALON 1988 7 764-941 -- -- -- -47 -- 11-16

 9-296 35-06073 390500 744946 NJ/AMERICAN WC HAND AVE 8 STONE HARBOR 1986 20 682-812 -- -- -27 -33 -6 11-17

 9-302 37-03628-9 385709 745128 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COAST GUARD 800 OBS WILDWOOD 1989 5 883-893 -- -- -- -14 -- 11- 5

 9-306 -- 390422 745447 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OYSTER 800 OBS RIO GRANDE 1989 6 656-666 -- -- -- -17 -- 11- 5

 9-311 36-10378 390750 744242 SEA ISLE CITY WD SICWD 6-1989 SEA ISLE CITY 1989 8 732-896 -- -- -- -46 -- 11-16

 9-337 37-04660 390012 744720 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY M-1 N WILDWOOD 800 OBS STONE HARBOR 1992 10 910-960 -- -- -- -20 -- 11- 5

 9-359 36-07286 390657 744500 MIDDLE TWP WATER DISTRICT MTWD 2 AVALON 1986 7 708-773 -- -- -- -42 -- 11-16

 9-423 37-05244 390134 745240 ATLANTIC ELECTRIC CO RIO GRANDE TEST #1 RIO GRANDE 1993 20 825-875 -- -- -- -19 -- 12- 9

* 9-461 36-15182 391728 743810 ATLANTIC ELECTRIC CO ACEC 6 DEEP MAMORA 1993 8 639-710 -- -- -- -58 -- 11-16

 29-9 53-00031 393346 741430 BEACH HAVEN WD BHWD 8 BEACH HAVEN 1957 5 572-656 -- -30 -31 -32 -1 12- 8

 29-111 33-01180 394134 740832 HARVEY CEDARS WD HCWD 4 SHIP BOTTOM 1968 9 465-500 -26 -- -23 -27 -4 11-12

 29-112 33-00674 394218 740808 HARVEY CEDARS WD HCWD 3 SHIP BOTTOM 1956 5 451-493 -20 -36 -24 -27 -3 11-12

 29-464 32-00447 393428 742202 LITTLE EGG HARBOR MUA MYSTIC 2 TUCKERTON 1963 19 485-542 -10 -11 -17 -23 -6 11-16

 29-544 33-00219 393839 741052 SHIP BOTTOM WD SBWD 4 SHIP BOTTOM 1953 5 536-578 -31 -33 -29 -34 -5 11-12

 29-557 33-01132 394042 741411 STAFFORD TWP MUA STAFFORD 3 SHIP BOTTOM 1965 8 385-428 22 16 16 14 -2 11-12

 29-561 33-01268 393948 740954 SURF CITY WD SCWD 5 SHIP BOTTOM 1970 10 520-562 -25 -28 -24 -20 4 11-12

 29-565 32-00479 393610 742031 TUCKERTON MUA TMUA 4(OW1) TUCKERTON 1964 10 463-497 -4 -7 -8 -16 -8 11-16

 29-598 33-00967 394201 741212 AT&T TEST 1960 SHIP BOTTOM -- 5 -- - -- -- -- -18 -25 -7 11-12

 29-814 32-12329 393253 742308 LITTLE EGG HARBOR MUA MYSTIC 7 NEW GRETNA 1986 10 512-552 -- -- -- -24 -- 11-16

 29-936 33-24693 393724 741151 LONG BEACH WC BRANT BEACH 4 BEACH HAVEN 1988 9 528-594 -- -- -25 -25 0 11-16

 29-1063 32-15207 393511 742158 LITTLE EGG HARBOR MUA CENTER STREET WELL 8 TUCKERTON 1988 25 475-521 -- -- -- -33 -- 11-16

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

ARTHUR KILL

PLAINFI

PERTH AMBOY

ELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

HOPEWELL

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

PRINC

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

ETON

LAMBERTVILLE

PENNINGTON

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Glendola

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

Edison

Sayerville

East Brunswick

Jamesburg

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Swimming River

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

GLOUCESTER

Clayton

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

APPROXIMATE UPDIP LIMIT OF THE PINEY POINT AQUIFER–(Modified from

 Zapecza, 1989 and Leahy, 1979)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. Contour

 interval 20 feet

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Interpreted freshwater-saltwater

 interface (Modified from Schaefer, 1983 and Woodruff, 1970)

10,000-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Simulated freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. Hydrographs shown in figure 3-4

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level measurement

Only selected wells listed in table 3-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

1-713

-4

1-270

27

1-834

-30

20

ELMER

120

100

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

20

0

0

-20

0

-40

-20

0

0

0

-20

-20

-60

-40

-20

-120

-100

-80

29-116

0 29-537

-35

29-582

-51

29-23

-57

29-739

13

29-1039

9

29-425

119

29-585

12

29-18

-2

29-607

-38

5-676

119

5-800

73

5-1162

55

5-407

51

7-572

55

5-488

52

1-270

27

1-836

-20

1-1219

-14

1-834

-30

1-713

-4

11-44

0

11-163

2

11-61

-50

11-92

-44

11-349

-42

11-96

-34

Id55-01

-128

001509

-125

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Piney Point aquifer - SHEET 3 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

Piney Point Aquifer

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Estimates of water withdrawal from the Piney Point aquifer in New Jersey during 1978-94 ranged from 

1.9 to 2.1 Mgal/d (fig. 3-1). Water withdrawals from this aquifer in New Jersey were made predominantly by 

barrier-island communities in Ocean County from Barnegat Light to Lavallette (fig. 3-2). In the Barnegat Light/

Lavallette area, water withdrawals decreased from about 1.8 Mgal/d in 1978 to 1.5 Mgal/d in 1992. Major 

withdrawals also were made in Buena and in nearby farm areas. Withdrawals in the Atlantic County area increased 

from about 0.1 Mgal/d in 1978 to 0.3 Mgal/d in 1994. Water withdrawal from the Piney Point aquifer in the Dover, 

Del., area increased from about 3.8 Mgal/d in 1978 to 4.5 Mgal/d in 1993 (David Braun, Dover Water Department, 

oral commun., 1994). The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor (fig. 3-3) was modified from Woodruff (1970) and 

from Schaefer (1983). Freshwater extends more than 15 mi downdip from the Buena area, but it was simulated to 

be much less than 8 mi downdip in the Barnegat Light area. The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was 

estimated by use of the saltwater model of the aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope and A.D. 

Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993). This is the simulated location of water that is about onehalf freshwater and one-half seawater. 

Water Levels

Water-level data for 33 wells screened in the Piney Point aquifer are listed in table 3-1 (reverse side of 

sheet 3). The water levels in these wells were used to define the 1993 potentiometric surface shown in fig. 3-3. 

Maps of simulated water-level by Martin (in press, fig. 50) and A.D. Gordon (U.S. Geological Survey written 

commun., 1992) were modified to close the contours east of Seaside Park. Simulated water levels shown on maps 

from Leahy (1979) were modified to close the contours in the Dover, Del., area. The potentiometric-surface map 

shows four cones of depression in the aquifer. The northernmost cone of depression is a doublet cone centered 

under the communities of Seaside Park and Barnegat Light. The minimum water-level altitude at the center of the 

cone of depression in the Seaside Park area was about -57 ft, and in the Barnegat Light area, it was about -38 ft. 

The westernmost cone of depression in the Piney Point aquifer in New Jersey is centered under the Buena area. 

The minimum water-level altitude near the center of the cone of depression in the Buena area is about -20 ft. The 

largest cone of depression in the aquifer in New Jersey is centered under the elongated cone of depression of the 

Atlantic City 800-foot sand (fig. 2-3). No withdrawals were made from the Piney Point aquifer in this area; 

therefore, this cone is interpreted to be a sympathetic cone of depression, a result of withdrawals from the Atlantic 

City 800-foot sand. P. J. Lacombe (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1992) mapped a similar sympathetic 

cone of depression in this area in the Rio Grande water-bearing zone, a little-used aquifer that lies above the 

Atlantic City 800-foot sand. Water-level altitudes in the sympathetic cone in the Piney Point aquifer declined from 

+8 ft prior to development of the Atlantic City 800-foot sand (Zapecza and others, 1987, p. 112) to about -30 ft in 

1993. The shape of the cone of depression in this area was drawn to resemble the shape of the cone of depression 

in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand. The deepest and broadest cone of depression in the aquifer is centered under 

Dover, Delaware. The cone is drawn to reflect the shape of the cone that was mapped in 1975 by Leahy (1979). 

Water-level altitudes near the center of the cone are about -125 ft. The Dover area cone of depression extends 

northward into Cumberland County, N. J. Water levels in Cumberland County have declined in observation wells 

11-96, 11-44, and 11-163 at a constant rate of about 1 ft per year during 1978-94 (fig. 3-4). The maximum waterlevel altitude measured in the aquifer during this study was +119 ft in well 5-676 in Burlington County. 

Water-level changes during 1988-93 were calculated for 28 wells. Water levels declined 1 to 16 ft in 19 

wells; rose from 1 to 4 ft in 8 wells; and remained the same in 1 well. Water-level declines of 10 ft or more 

occurred in the major withdrawal areas of Seaside Park and Buena.

During 1978-94, water levels declined 16 to 22 ft at wells 11-96, 11-44, and 11-163 in Cumberland 

County and about 30 ft at well Id 55-01 in Dover, Del. (fig. 3-4). Water-level altitudes in observation well 29-585 

near the Seaside Park/Barnegat Light cone of depression were fairly constant at about +15 ft before 1989 but 

declined about 4 ft during 1989-92 because of increased withdrawals from nearby supply wells. Water-level 

hydrographs for wells 29-425 and 5-676 in western Ocean and eastern Burlington Counties show that the waterlevel altitudes remained at about +120 ft during 1978-94. 

In summary, water levels measured in 1993 ranged from 4 ft higher to 16 ft lower than water levels 

measured in 1988. Water-level declines were about double the water-level rises in the measured wells. Although 

the cone of depression in eastern Ocean County in 1993 was about 5 ft deeper than it was in 1988, the 

configuration of the cone was similar. The cone of depression in the Buena area was about 10 ft deeper in 1993 

than it was in 1988, possibly because of increases in local withdrawal. The Atlantic City area cone of depression 

deepened by about 3 ft near well 1-834 during 1988-93. The cone of depression in the Dover, Del. area appears to 

have risen about 4 ft during 1988-93, but the small rise could have been a seasonal feature.

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

5

1

2

3

4

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Dover, Delaware area

Total for New Jersey

Ocean County area

Atlantic County area

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

Buena

Lavellette

Barnegat Light

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

110

130

120

-40

60

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 -150

-90

-140

-130

-120

-110

-100

Well Id55-01

Well 29-407

Well 11-96

Well 5-676

Well 29-425

Well 29-585

Well 11-163

Well 11-44

Well 29-18

Well 1-834

Figure 3-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Piney Point aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 3-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Piney Point aquifer, 1992.

Figure 3-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Piney Point aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 3-3. Potentiometric surface of the Piney Point aquifer, 1993.
Table 3-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Piney Point aquifer, 1978-93

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 3-3; --, data not available; ft, feet; BORO, Borough; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department; TWP, Township; WC,

Water Company; NJ, New Jersey; DEL, Delaware; CO, Company; ASSOC, Association]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 1-270 31-03648 393712 744720 AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS 1958 WELL NEWTONVILLE 1958 90 390-410 -- -- -- 27 -- 11-19

 1-713 35-04656 392902 745051 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MIZPAH DEEP DOROTHY 1985 100 525-535 -- -- -2 -4 -2 12- 8

 1-834 -- 392017 743002 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MARGATE FIREHOUSE 1 OBS OCEAN CITY 1988 5 970-991 -- -- -28 -30 -2 11- 4

 1-836 35-04559 393148 745617 BUENA BORO MUA BBMUA 2 BUENA 1985 118 405-455 -- -- -8 -20 -12 12- 9

 1-1219 36-16546 392640 743724 HAMILTON TWP MUA HTMUA 9 PLEASANTVILLE 1993 68 722-742 -- -- -- -14 -- 11-18

 5-407 -- 394422 744309 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ATSION 1 OBS ATSION 1963 47 240-260 52 51 51 51 0 11- 4

 5-488 32-00913 393838 743855 STATE OF NJ BATSTO 2 ATSION 1972 35 419-449 49 48 48 52 4 11- 3

 5-676 -- 394914 742546 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COYLE AIRPORT OBS WOODMANSIE 1961 199 530-540 121 119 118 119 1 10-26

 5-800 32-04454 394732 744526 SHAMONG TWP 1 MEDFORD LAKES 1978 85 200-210 -- 73 72 73 1 11- 3

 5-1162 32-05879 394635 744409 GARDENER, HOBART TRAILER PARK 1980 INDIAN MILLS 1980 60 215-235 -- -- -- 55 -- 11- 5

 7-572 31-14078 394100 745035 ELMTOWNE VILLLAGE ASSOC 1 HAMMONTON 1979 110 304-314 -- 62 57 55 -2 11- 3

 11-44 35-01197 392732 750929 CUMBERLAND COUNTY VOCATIONAL SCHOOL 3 OBS BRIDGETON 1972 82 361-376 17 12 7 0 -7 11- 9

 11-61 34-01191 391926 751921 GRIFFITH, MAE SEA BREEZE BEN DAVIS POINT 1976 4 281-354 -- -35 -45 -50 -5 11-11

 11-92 -- 391746 751510 BAY POINT ROD AND GUN BAY POINT 2 BEN DAVIS POINT 1970 5 397-417 -- -28 -37 -44 -7 11-11

 11-96 -- 391829 751208 CUMBERLAND COUNTY JONES ISLAND 2 OBS CEDARVILLE 1971 10 365-375 -15 -20 -28 -34 -6 11- 9

 11-163 35-01196 392526 750643 CUMBERLAND COUNTY FAIR GROUNDS 3 OBS MILLVILLE 1972 80 463-473 22 13 8 2 -6 11- 9

* 11-341 34-00991 391938 751923 SOBUSIAK, WALTER 2 BEN DAVIS POINT 1974 4 300-357 -- -35 -44 -49 -5 11-11

 11-349 34-01463 391647 751233 VANDVELT, THOMAS BEACH FRONT DOM CEDARVILLE 1979 5 380-410 -- -28 -35 -42 -7 11- 9

* 29-2 33-01206 394522 740636 BARNEGAT LIGHT WD BLWD 3 BARNEGAT LIGHT 1969 7 597-654 -- -40 -33 -38 -5 11-12

 29-18 -- 394829 740535 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ISLAND BEACH 2 OBS BARNEGAT LIGHT 1962 9 468-474 1 0 0 -2 -2 10-25

 29-23 33-01494 395423 740458 SHORE WC SWC 2 SEASIDE PARK 1973 7 490-527 -- -42 -60 -57 3 11-12

 29-116 53-00020 395641 740853 ISLAND HEIGHTS WD IHWD 7R TOMS RIVER 1948 3 267-293 -- 0 -- 0 -- 10-26

 29-425 -- 395322 742252 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WEBBS MILLS 2 OBS WHITING 1962 128 348 121 121 118 119 1 10-26

 29-537 53-00001 395636 740439 SEASIDE HEIGHTS WD SHWD 2 SEASIDE PARK 1941 4 400-430 -- -35 -30 -35 -5 10-26

* 29-541 53-00022 395451 740455 SEASIDE PARK WD SPWD 2/SPWD 3 (NEW) SEASIDE PARK 1932 10 525 -- -30 -56 -57 -1 10-25

 29-582 33-04511 395547 740434 SEASIDE PARK WD 4-R/SEASIDE 6 (NEW) SEASIDE PARK 1977 12 435-485 -- -75 -43 -51 -8 10-25

 29-585 -- 395028 741044 STATE OF NJ DOE-FORKED RIVER OBS FORKED RIVER 1978 15 412-422 -- 15 15 12 -3 11- 2

 29-607 33-07876 394454 740655 BARNEGAT LIGHT WD BLWD 4 LONG BEACH NE 1980 5 597-662 -- -41 -34 -38 -4 11-12

 29-739 33-01247 400044 740957 OCEAN COUNTY COLLEGE REC FIELD 1 LAKEWOOD 1970 20 200-220 -- 13 11 13 2 10-27

* 29-808 33-06595 395606 740445 SEASIDE PARK WD SPWD 7 SEASIDE PARK 1979 5 395-475 -- -58 -30 -46 -16 10-25

 29-1039 33-26307 395943 741214 TOMS RIVER WC TRWC PARKWAY 39 TOMS RIVER 1989 75 248-288 -- -- -- 9 -- 10-27

 Id55-01 ID55-01 391026 753049 CITY OF DOVER WHITE OAK ROAD DOVER -- 20 329-349 -- -- -132 -128 4 11-19

 001509 001509 390834 753053 DEL GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ROOSEVELT AVE 1 OBS DOVER -- 26 400-440 -- -- -129 -125 4 11- 3

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

PLAI

PERTH AMBOY

ARTHUR KILL

NFIELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

HOPEWELL

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

PENN

PRINCETON

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

INGTON

LAMBERTVILLE

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

Edison

Sayerville

East Brunswick

Jamesburg

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Glendola

Reservoir

Swimming River

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

GLOUCESTER

Clayton

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

OUTCROP OF THE MOUNT LAUREL SAND AND WENONAH FORMATION–

 (Modified from U.S. Geological Survey, 1967)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. (Modified from

 Martin, in press) Contour interval 20 feet

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Interpreted freshwater-saltwater

 interface (Modified from Pucci, 1994; Schaefer, 1983; Gill and Farlekas, 1976)

10,000-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Simulated freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. Hydrographs shown in figure 4-4

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level

 measurement.

Only selected wells listed in table 4-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

5-725

65

5-389

65

29-140

112

20

ELMER

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

120

100

80

60

40

20

100

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

-60

-40

-20

-40

-20

0

20

20

20

0

-20

0

40

20

80

60

60

40

60

20

25-243

88

25-353

10

25-95

133

25-412

148

25-405

127

29-234

121

29-699

123

25-88

112

25-521

102

29-783

47

25-720

51

25-185

65

25-173

39

25-637

7

25-164

10 25-533

-21

25-542

-59

25-426

-74

25-335

-56

25-14

-83

25-391

-104

25-486

-102

29-49

-122

29-37

-124

25-546

-76

29-36

-115

29-31

-120

29-784

4 29-227

37

29-781

36

29-713

84

29-740

41

29-140

112

29-926

110

25-396

86

25-392

82

5-1166

100

5-725

126

5-389

65

7-118

68

5-257

54

5-1080

58 5-1155

31

5-1004

17

5-355

41

5-359

34

5-354

40

5-1178

30

5-724

6

5-427

-5

5-1087

9

5-695

18

5-1186

-27

5-1165

6

5-365

-14

5-366

-50

5-744

-21

5-247

27

5-245

14

5-720

0 7-421

89

7-526

62

7-414

51

7-401

9

7-22

-7 7-17

-12 7-449

7-228 -22

-5

7-308

55

15-14

73 15-953

55

15-687

22

15-1104

81

15-1040

79

33-351

31

15-31

66

15-910

57

15-367

68

15-125

59

15-1009

62

15-542

51 15-1060

20

7-685

-20

7-478

3

33-20

28

33-670

17 33-8

18

33-2

19

33-456

22

33-56

33-50 7

5

33-252

0 33-241

5

33-384

5

33-32

1

Gd33-04

1

Wenonah-Mount Laurel Aquifer

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Water withdrawal from the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer has increased from about 4.3 Mgal/d in 1978 

to 7.0 Mgal/d in 1994 (fig. 4-1). Water withdrawal in the northern Coastal Plain is predominantly in Point Pleasant 

and nearby communities (fig. 4-2). Withdrawals in this area decreased from about 1.4 Mgal/d in 1978 to 0.9 

Mgal/d in 1993. Water withdrawal in the southern counties of the Coastal Plain were predominantly in central 

Burlington and Camden Counties. Water withdrawal increased in the southern counties from about 3.6 Mgal/d in 

1978 to 6.3 Mgal/d in 1994. The interpreted location of the 250-mg/L isochlor in southern Cumberland and Salem 

Counties (fig. 4-3) was determined from chloride data for four wells. (The four wells are not shown in figure 4-3 

because they are all sealed wells.) The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor in the northern Coastal Plain cannot be 

determined because no observation wells were available in the downdip area. The location of the 10,000-mg/L 

isochlor was estimated by use of the saltwater model of the aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope 

and A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993). This is the simulated location of water that is 

about one-half freshwater and one-half seawater.

Water levels

Water-level data for 103 wells screened in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer are listed in table 4-1 

(reverse side of sheet 4). The water-level altitudes in these wells were used to define the 1993 potentiometric 

surface shown in figure 4-3. Maps of simulated water levels by Martin (in press, fig. 48) and A.D. Gordon (U.S. 

Geological Survey written commun., 1992) were modified to close the contours east of Ocean and Monmouth 

Counties. The water-level map shows two major cones of depression. The northern cone of depression is centered 

west of Point Pleasant. The water-level altitude at the center of the cone is about -120 ft. The southern cone of 

depression is elongated and underlies central Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties. For the purpose of this 

report, the southern cone of depression is loosely defined as the area encompassed by the +20-ft water-level 

altitude contour. The southern cone of depression contains three smaller local cones of depression. The 

northernmost local cone of depression underlies the Browns Mills quadrangle; the minimum water-level altitude 

was -50 ft. A small local cone of depression underlies the Pemberton quadrangle; the minimum water-level 

altitudes were -5 ft. The southernmost local cone of depression is centered in the Clementon quadrangle, where the 

minimum water-level altitude was -22 ft. The maximum water-level altitude measured for the aquifer was +148 ft, 

in western Monmouth County. 

In 1993, the location of the 0-ft contour line on the west side of the cone of depression in the northern 

counties of the Coastal Plain was about 4 mi east of the location in 1988. In the area north of the cone of 

depression, the 0-ft contour line was about 10 mi south of the location mapped in 1988. Therefore, it is interpreted 

that the breadth of the cone has decreased by about 4 mi on the west perimeter and 10 mi on the north perimeter.

Changes in water levels during 1988-93 were calculated for 92 wells in the aquifer. In Monmouth and Ocean 

Counties, the changes in water levels for 35 wells indicate that water levels rose 1 to 119 ft in 31 wells, declined 2 

to 10 ft in 3 wells, and remained the same in 1 well. Water levels rose 10 ft or more in the 16 wells in the eastern 

part of the two counties; the wells are near the center of the cone of depression. The water level declined 10 ft in 

well 29-234, as a result of large local withdrawals, and 11 ft in well 29-227, possibly as a result of local changes in 

withdrawal.

Changes in water levels also were calculated for 57 wells in Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Salem 

Counties. Water levels declined 1 to 22 ft in 29 wells, rose 1 to 29 ft in 20 wells, and remained the same in 8 wells. 

Water-level declines greater than 10 ft occurred in eight wells. Six of the wells are screened in the cone of 

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer - SHEET 4 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

8

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Total

Southern Coastal Plain counties

Northern Coastal Plain counties

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

Point

Pleasant

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-200

40

-180

-160

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-20

80

0

20

40

60

100

120

Well 29-140

Well 25-486

Well 25-637

Well 25-353

Well 7-118

Well 33-20

Well 33-2

Well 33-252

Well 7-401

Northern Coastal Plain counties

Southern Coastal Plain counties

Well 7-478

Figure 4-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 4-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, 1992.

Figure 4-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel 

aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 4-3. Potentiometric surface of the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, 1993.

depression centered in the Clementon quadrangle. Water levels rose more than 10 ft in three wells. The three wells 

either are production wells or are near production wells; therefore, the water levels could have been affected by 

withdrawals shortly before the measurement was made in 1988. 

Water-level hydrographs for 10 USGS observation wells for 1978-94 indicate that annual water-level 

altitudes remained fairly constant or have decreased less than 2 ft in wells 29-140, 7-118, 33-20, 33-2, and 33-252 

(fig. 4-4). Water levels declined about 15 ft in well 7-478 and about 10 ft in well 7-401 during 1988-94. Water 

levels rose 20 and 30 ft, respectively, in wells 25-353 and 25-637 during 1990-94. The water-level hydrograph for 

well 25-486 shows that the water level rose 90 ft from -180 ft to -90 ft during 1990-94. Seasonal water-level 

fluctuations were greatest near the center of the cone of depression; for example, seasonal water-level fluctuation 

of 5 to 15 ft occurred in well 25-486 (fig. 4-4).

In summary, the potentiometric surface of the Wenonah- Mount Laurel aquifer in 1993 is significantly 

different than the potentiometric surface mapped in 1988 (Rosman and others, 1996). The water level at the center 

of the cone of depression in the northern counties of the Coastal Plain increased in altitude to at least -120 ft near 

Point Pleasant. The perimeter of the northern cone of depression at the 0-ft contour line contracted by about 4 mi 

on the west side and about 10 mi on the north side of the cone. 

The cone of depression has decreased in size because the NJDEP mandated a reduction in withdrawals 

from this and deeper aquifers after 1988 (General Water Supply Management Regulations, Water Supply 

Management Act, N.J.S.A. paragraph 7:19-6 to 19-13). Upon completion of the Manasquan reservoir in 1991, 

water users in the northern Coastal Plain began to withdraw less water from the confined aquifers and to withdraw 

more water from surface-water reservoirs. The result of reduced withdrawals has been the rise of water levels near 

the center of the cone of depression and a decrease in the extent of the cone of depression.

Since 1988, the cone of depression in the southern counties of the Coastal Plain has deepened more than 

20 ft in the central Camden County area and expanded more than 12 mi toward the southwest and more than 3 mi 

toward the northwest. The expansion and deepening of the cone of depression in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel 

aquifer is the result of the NJDEP encouragement to not increase withdrawals from the Upper, Middle, and Lower 

Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifers. As a result of this encouragement, the major water users have kept 

withdrawals fairly constant in the Upper and Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifers, reduced withdrawals 

from the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, and increased withdrawals from the Wenonah-Mount Laurel 

aquifer.
Table 4-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, 1978-93

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 4-3; --, data not available; X, probable measurement error; ft, feet; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department;

TWP, Township; WC, Water Company; NJ, New Jersey; DEL, Delaware, CO, Company; CTR, Center; ED, Education; EPA, Environmental Protection Agency; ELEM, Elementary]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 5-245 31-00163 395112 745123 MEDFORD TWP WD MTWD 4-5 / MTWD 5 (NEW) MEDFORD LAKES 1950 57 230-252 -- 30 19 14 -5 11- 3

 5-247 31-00110 395145 745111 MEDFORD TWP WD MTWD 2 MEDFORD LAKES 1950 52 180-200 36 -- 24 27 3 11- 3

* 5-257 51-00156 395516 745103 JOHNSON, W E JR JOHNSON NEW MOUNT HOLLY 1965 80 90 27 25 27 16 -11 11- 1

 5-354 32-00103 395813 743950 SUNBURY VILLAGE SVWC 1 PEMBERTON 1953 62 178-198 43 39 36 40 4 10-29

 5-355 52-00004 395826 744109 PEMBERTON TWP WD PBWD 1 PEMBERTON 1939 81 155-185 39 38 38 41 3 10-28

 5-359 32-00539 395727 744118 LAKE VALLEY WC LVWC 1 PEMBERTON 1967 70 181-242 36 35 37 34 -3 10-28

 5-365 32-00386 395752 743452 PEMBERTON TWP WD PTWD 4 BROWNS MILLS 1960 93 290-330 16 -5 -13 -14 -1 10-29

 5-366 32-00775 395755 743239 PEMBERTON TWP WD PTWD 4 INCH OB BROWNS MILLS 1972 90 301-323 -42 -48 -61 -50 11 10-29

 5-389 -- 395958 743933 PEMBERTON TWP SCHOOLS HIGH SCH 1 PEMBERTON 1959 80 140-150 64 64 63 65 2 10-29

 5-427 32-00749 395330 744205 HAMPTON LAKE WC HLWC 2 PEMBERTON 1971 70 260-348 11 -8 -13 -5 8 10-28

 5-695 32-01240 395328 743720 SUNNY PINES CONTRACTING CO TEST HOLE 1-74 BROWNS MILLS 1974 111 428-496 33 27 24 18 -6 11- 1

 5-720 31-11574 395112 744535 ALLENWOOD MOBILE ESTATE ALLEN 2 MEDFORD LAKES 1978 125 410 10 12 -8 -0 8 11- 3

 5-724 32-03118 395413 744231 HAMPTON LAKE WC HLWC 3 PEMBERTON 1977 43 199-275 18 15 6 6 0 10-28

 5-725 48-00021 400212 743708 WRIGHTSTOWN MUA WMUA 2 NEW EGYPT 1971 145 142-162 118 126 125 126 1 10-23

 5-744 -- 395639 742953 WHITE J J CO DOMEST 66 WHITING 1966 100 456 9 -13 -21 -21 0 10-27

 5-1004 32-08631 395801 744344 LAKE VALLEY WC LVWC 2 PEMBERTON 1982 65 209-254 -- -- -63X 17 -- 10-28

 5-1080 31-21601 395353 745112 HADDON HOUSE FOOD PRODUCTS HADDON HOUSE OFFICE MOUNT HOLLY 1984 65 99-130 -- -- 55 58 3 11- 6

* 5-1082 31-19052 395941 744720 TIDSWELL III, BROOKE TIDSWELL DOMESTIC MOUNT HOLLY 1982 35 82-92 -- -- 9 9 0 11- 2

 5-1087 32-09937 395333 744441 RED LION FAITH CHAPEL RED LION DOMESTIC PEMBERTON 1984 55 227-232 -- -- 16 9 -7 10-28

 5-1155 31-39849 395315 744946 MEDFORD TWP WD MEDFORD TWP MW-1 OBS MOUNT HOLLY 1992 46 120-180 -- -- -- 31 -- 10-29

 5-1165 32-00490 395855 743513 HILLTOP TRAILER PARK WELL 1 BROWNS MILLS 1965 105 275-307 -- -- -- 6 -- 11- 2

 5-1166 28-17342 400430 743354 SARGEANT, HAROLD W RD 2 DOM NEW EGYPT 1986 135 119-129 -- -- -- 100 -- 10-28

 5-1178 32-13264 395541 744415 MT HOLLY WC RETREAT RD 2 PEMBERTON 1987 40 140-180 30 27 25 30 5 11- 1

 5-1186 32-15968 395915 743308 PEMBERTON TWP WD PTWD 8A BROWNS MILLS 1989 90 267-358 -- -- -- -27 -- 10-29

 7-17 31-00179 394705 745444 OWENS CORNING CO 1 CLEMENTON 1951 160 410-440 -- -- -41 -12 29 11- 9

 7-22 31-00513 394738 745614 BERLIN WD BWD 8 CLEMENTON 1952 147 310-360 34 31 11 -7 -18 11- 8

 7-118 31-04898 395229 745712 NJ/AMERICAN WC HUTTON HILL 2 OBS CLEMENTON 1965 158 137-147 69 70 68 68 0 11- 1

 7-228 31-05139 394556 745835 CAMDEN COUNTY BOARD OF ED VOC&TECH H S1 CLEMENTON 1967 145 325-400 40 37 8 -5 -13 11- 5

 7-308 51-00014 394928 750021 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAUREL 10 RUNNEMEDE 1923 77 126 57 58 56 55 -1 11- 1

* 7-391 31-05628 394639 745750 LOWER CAMDEN REGIONAL SCHOOL OVERBROOK HS 1 CLEMENTON 1971 160 315-335 28 29 8 -6 -14 11- 5

 7-401 31-02371 394722 745810 PINE VALLEY GOLF CLUB GOLF CLUB CLEMENTON 1955 85 267 36 43 23 9 -14 11- 5

 7-414 51-00010 394922 745633 NJ/AMERICAN WC ELM TREE 26 CLEMENTON 1960 150 237-275 60 51 36 51 15 11- 2

 7-421 -- 395109 745715 RCA RCA/DCA INDOOR WELL CLEMENTON 1955 175 220-234 91 91 89 89 0 11- 8

 7-449 31-04749 394618 745413 WINSLOW TWP WC WINSLOW TWP 5 CLEMENTON 1965 159 420-460 20 19 -4 -22 -18 11- 8

 7-478 -- 394215 745617 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW BROOKLYN PARK 3 OBS WILLIAMSTOWN 1961 111 520-530 36 39 21 3 -18 11- 1

* 7-513 31-07766 394532 745623 JOHNS-MANVILLE CO 3 CLEMENTON 1974 166 410-460 -- -- -11 -19 -8 11- 4

 7-526 -- 394932 745847 LINDENWALD BORO MUA SEWAGE PL2 CLEMENTON 1972 78 138-158 63 66 61 62 1 11- 9

 7-685 31-22273 394444 745944 GARDEN STATE WC GSWC 10 ERIAL WILLIAMSTOW 1985 180 322-427 -- -- -- -4 -- 11- 3

 15-14 -- 394827 750758 THOMPSON, MARION DEPTFORD TWP WOODBURY 1953 102 83-107 75 74 75 73 -2 11- 4

 15-31 -- 394001 751234 MOOD, RICHARD J 1 PITMAN WEST 1954 125 285 68 72 70 66 -4 11-10

 15-125 -- 394324 751315 CHRIST CHURCH 1 PITMAN WEST 1950 92 84-105 57 61 59 59 0 11-12

 15-367 30-00649 394234 751307 GANGEMI, VICENT 1 PITMAN WEST -- 73 500 -- 68 66 68 2 11-12

 15-542 31-16873 394147 750654 RON SON MUSHROOM CO 1 PITMAN EAST 1980 150 265-295 -- -- 73 51 -22 11- 5

 15-687 -- 394638 751201 US EPA KRAMER LF X-6S WOODBURY 1984 28 6-24 -- -- 21 22 1 11-12

 15-910 30-02454 394155 751401 WOLFSON, BENJAMIN WOLFSON DOMESTIC 1981 PITMAN WEST 1981 84 140-160 -- -- 58 57 -1 11- 9

 15-953 31-06570 394718 750604 WEHRAN ENGINEERING CO KINSLEY 1 DW-2 RUNNEMEDE 1972 81 86-100 -- -- 56 55 -1 11- 9

 15-1009 31-22018 394426 750633 FLAHERTY, JOSEPH FLAHERTY DOMESTIC PITMAN EAST 1984 100 149-178 -- -- 65 62 -3 11- 5

 15-1040 30-05046 394257 751825 STRING, DONALD 0 SPRINGFIELD FARMS 2 WOODSTOWN 1988 120 77-87 -- -- 77 79 2 11- 9

 15-1060 31-30571 394100 750553 GLASSBORO WD GWD6 PITMAN EAST 1989 136 335-386 -- -- -- 20 -- 11- 4

* 15-1104 30-02422-6 394350 751916 GRASSO, JOSEPH S GRASSO FOODS MW 3 WOODSTOWN 1981 102 40 -- -- -- 81 -- 11-10

 25-14 49-00017 401138 740125 AVON WD AWD 1 ASBURY PARK 1925 28 424-504 -145 -162 -202 -83 119 10-18

 25-88 29-05886 401444 741700 CENTRAL JERSEY BANK 1 ADELPHIA 1969 150 143-163 -- -- 114 112 -2 10-21

 25-95 29-04709 401618 741644 STEGERS, KURT 1965 FREEHOLD 1965 160 128-140 -- -- -- 133 -- 11- 9

 25-164 29-01995 400839 741439 HOWELL TWP MUA ALDRICH W CO 1/HTMUA 1 FARMINGDALE 1956 130 349-370 -30 -39 -56 10 66 10-21

 25-173 29-04626 401244 741135 NJ CONCRETE CO HOWELL TWP FARMINGDALE 1965 90 226-257 23 23 19 39 20 10-20

 25-185 29-02607 401438 741025 NAD EARLE TRANS DEPOT S7 FARMINGDALE 1958 119 229-250 59 60 56 65 9 10-20

 25-243 -- 401854 741325 IENTILE, F J MARLBORO TWP MARLBORO 1963 120 80 88 87 86 88 2 10-25

 25-335 -- 401215 740409 WELSH FARMS WARDELL 1 ASBURY PARK 1941 80 465-480 -118 -128 -146 -56 90 10-19

 25-353 -- 401542 740530 US ARMY FORT MONMOUTH 1-NCO OBS LONG BRANCH 1972 140 321-327 -- -21 -15 10 25 11- 2

 25-391 29-07506 400928 740211 SPRING LAKE HEIGHTS WD SPRING LK HGT4 ASBURY PARK 1974 25 485-561 -190 -161 -213 -104 109 10-19

 25-392 28-00676 400617 743037 HOPKINS, RUSSELL U FREEHOLD TWP NEW EGYPT -- 80 87 93 83 80 82 2 10-27

 25-396 28-06896 400658 743135 RUTGERS UNIVERSITY 1 NEW EGYPT 1970 122 92-102 85 85 83 86 3 10-25

 25-405 -- 401005 742913 PUNK BROTHERS 3 ROOSEVELT 1964 158 124 127 128 126 127 1 10-22

 25-412 28-05835 401045 742821 ERB, GEORGE H 1 ROOSEVELT 1966 190 100-140 149 145 147 148 1 10-27

 25-426 -- 400817 740744 THOMPSON HOME GERALDINE M H2 FARMINGDALE -- 120 580 -108 -115 -129 -74 55 10-21

* 25-478 29-09914 400642 741312 AMERADA HESS CORP 2-79 LAKEWOOD 1979 60 377-392 -115 -119 -124 -99 25 10-28

 25-486 -- 400711 740202 STATE OF NJ DOE-SEA GIRT OBS POINT PLEASANT 1978 10 604-614 -- -171 -185 -102 83 10-25

 25-521 29-09867 401020 741937 AMARESCU, DONALD FREEHOLD TWP ADELPHIA 1979 150 222-228 -- -- 99 102 3 10-20

 25-533 29-05113 400816 741334 MOON MOTEL 1 FARMINGDALE 1966 120 349-365 -- -61 -74 -21 53 10-18

 25-542 -- 400953 740726 BRISBANE CHILD TREATMENT CTR 2 ASBURY PARK -- 60 430-450 -- -97 -113 -59 54 10-19

 25-546 29-12717 400713 741016 DUTTON, ANTHONY 1 LAKEWOOD 1983 60 420-445 -- -- -143 -76 67 10-27

 25-637 29-18400-2 401105 741202 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HOWELL TWP 3 OBS FARMINGDALE 1987 112 307-317 -- -- -28 7 35 10-21

 25-720 29-16821 401053 741558 ADELPHIA WC AWC T-2/4-B ADELPHIA 1986 120 235-255 -- -- -- 51 -- 10-25

 29-31 29-04663 400234 740814 BRICK TWP BOARD OF ED EMMA YOUNG 1 LAKEWOOD 1965 17 605-625 -113 -120 -129 -120 9 10-28

 29-36 29-06021 400410 740917 BRICK TWP BOARD OF ED HIGH SCHOOL LAKEWOOD 1970 25 518-548 -- -136 -151 -115 36 10-28

 29-37 29-04283 400429 740652 SAINT DOMINICS CHURCH 1 POINT PLEASANT 1964 20 576-591 -136 -141 -155 -124 31 10-29

 29-49 29-06022 400505 740649 BRICK TWP BOARD OF ED VET MEMORL SCH POINT PLEASANT 1970 20 556-586 -- -144 -158 -122 36 10-28

 29-140 28-04785 400414 742702 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COLLIERS MILLS 3 OBS CASSVILLE 1964 135 257-267 115 114 112 112 0 10-26

 29-227 29-05007 400604 741915 MEADOWBROOK VILLAGE HOLMANSVILLE 1 LAKEHURST 1966 110 358 42 38 48X 37 -- 10-21

 29-234 28-08255 400809 742532 GREAT ADVENTURE GA 2 ROOSEVELT 1974 170 180-200 123 160 131 121 -10 10-22

 29-699 28-07966 400915 742336 JACKSON TWP BOARD OF ED GETZ SCHOOL ROOSEVELT 1973 160 214-226 -- 124 121 123 2 10-26

 29-713 28-10063 400636 742102 JACKSON TWP LIBRARY LAKEHURST 1978 130 318-324 -- 83 82 84 2 10-18

 29-740 29-08522 400352 742145 OCEAN COUNTY VOCATIONAL SCHOOL JACKSON 2 LAKEHURST 1976 105 340-380 -- 41 39 41 2 10-18

 29-781 29-09069 400622 741957 IVINE, WILLARD JACKSON TWP LAKEHURST 1977 110 302-325 -- -- 40 36 -4 11-19

 29-783 29-09681 400745 741817 FOUNTAIN HEAD PARK JACKSON TWP ADELPHIA 1979 115 310-325 -- 52 42 47 5 10-21

 29-784 29-10449 400550 741808 EMMUS, ROLAND JACKSON TWP LAKEHURST 1980 90 341-347 -- -- 2 4 2 10-18

* 29-786 29-08581 400630 741730 JACKSON TWP HULSE RD 1 LAKEHURST 1977 110 364-379 -- 0 -3 4 7 10-18

 29-926 28-18902 400610 742728 JELLYSTONE PARK JELLYSTONE 3 CASSVILLE 1987 105 127-160 -- -- 109 110 1 10-25

 33-2 -- 393202 751630 CUMBERLAND COUNTY BOSTWICK NO 3 ALLOWAY 1972 85 462-472 23 22 20 19 -1 11- 2

 33-8 30-00030 393330 751817 STRANG, ARNOLD STRANG 1 ALLOWAY 1949 70 322-345 -- -- 20 18 -2 11- 9

 33-20 -- 393534 751752 HORNER, EPHRAIM HORNER OBS ALLOWAY 1929 77 283 33 32 30 28 -2 11- 9

* 33-22 31-04612 393533 751018 ELMER WC EWC 6 ELMER 1963 105 460-500 28 30 27 20 -7 11-12

* 33-32 34-00758 392740 753201 PUBLIC SERVICE ELECTRIC & GAS PW3 TAYLORS BRIDGE 1970 12 242-293 -- -12 -1 1 2 11-10

 33-50 -- 393538 752640 SALEM MEMORIAL HOSPITAL HOSP 1-1950 SALEM 1950 20 73-97 5 6 4 5 1 11- 8

 33-56 -- 393606 752524 MANNINGTON TWP ELEM SCHOOL MTES 1 SALEM 1959 25 93 7 8 6 7 1 11- 9

 33-241 -- 393253 752422 SALEM CITY WD QUINTON SALEM -- 10 248 6 4 6 5 -1 11-10

 33-252 -- 393348 752755 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SALEM 2 OBS SALEM 1965 3 91-96 1 0 0 0 0 11-12

 33-351 30-00042 393903 751941 LAZOZ, TED SPINOSI 1/WOODSTOWN R&D WOODSTOWN 1950 45 84-116 -- -- 30 31 1 11-10

* 33-381 30-01505 393453 752709 MANNINGTON MILLS MILLS 6 SALEM 1977 10 84-125 -- 0 1 1 0 11- 8

 33-384 30-01356 393126 752521 WILD OAK COUNTRY CLUB 1-IRR-73 SALEM 1973 20 320 -- 6 6 5 -1 11- 8

 33-456 31-19206 393507 751045 ELMER WC EWC 8 ELMER 1982 125 443-503 -- 28 27 22 -5 11-12

 33-670 30-04467 393355 751915 LICCIARDELLO, MARK LICCIARDELLO DOMESTIC ALLOWAY 1987 64 310-320 -- -- 18 17 -1 11-12

 Gd33-04 Gd33-04 392212 753243 DEL GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEAKYNVILLE #4 SMYRNA -- 18 395-427 -- -- 2 1 -1 11-19

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Englishtown aquifer - SHEET 5 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

Figure 5-3. Potentiometric surface of the Englishtown aquifer, 1993.

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

PLAI

PERTH AMBOY

ARTHUR KILL

NFIELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

HOPEWELL

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

PENN

PRINCETON

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

INGTON

LAMBERTVILLE

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Glendola

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

Edison

Sayerville

East Brunswick

Jamesburg

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Swimming River

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

GLOUCESTER

Clayton

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

OUTCROP OF THE ENGLISHTOWN FORMATION–(From U.S. Geological

 Survey, 1967)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. (Modified from

 Martin, in press). Contour interval 20 feet

APPROXIMATE DOWNDIP LIMIT OF THE UPPER ENGLISHTOWN

 AQUIFER–Dashed where extended into the Atlantic Ocean

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. L indicates well is screened in the lower Englishtown

 aquifer. Hydrographs shown in figure 5-4

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. L indicates well is screened in the lower

 Englishtown aquifer. Well was not pumped during the 24 hours before

 water-level measurement

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level measurement

Only selected wells listed in table 5-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

29-454L

-85

29-438

-112

29-534L

-85

20

ELMER

120

100

80

60

40

20

80

60

40

0

-80

-60

-40

-20

20

60

40

-120

-120

-100

-120

-100

-140

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

25-715

4 25-9

10

25-150

36

25-132

63

23-104

74

25-250

92

25-692

86

25-105

66 25-96

74

25-256

79

25-107

70

25-38

50

25-47

34

25-686

31

25-365

6

25-697

11

25-687

18

25-441

-74

25-26

-84

25-385

-106

25-389

-109

25-374

-113

25-80

73

25-184

69

25-63

25-638 -38

-14

25-429

-78

25-162

-66

25-165

-46

25-704

107

25-213

111

29-236

-16

29-233

-5

25-408

99

29-257

100

5-437

66

88-501

68

5-1182

87

29-518

62

29-138

61 29-938

7

29-451

-64 25-710

-96

29-430

-98

29-433

-105

29-434

-130

29-438

-112 29-441L

-112 29-443

-94

29-449

-161

29-450

-112

25-28

-119

29-530

-146 29-5

-153

29-503

-133

29-534L

-85

29-454L

-85

5-387

52

5-375

20

5-754

37

5-195

26

5-197

26

5-259

24

15-676

26

15-188

31

7-672

46

7-731

48

7-529

3 7-166

15

33-581

14

Englishtown Aquifer System

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Water withdrawal from the Englishtown aquifer system decreased from about 9.5 to 5.8 Mgal/d during 

1978-94 (fig. 5-1). Water withdrawals in the northern Coastal Plain were made predominantly in Monmouth and 

northern Ocean Counties (fig. 5-2). Withdrawals in this area decreased from about 8.8 to 5.0 Mgal/d during 

1978-93. Water withdrawals in the southern Coastal Plain were limited to a few wells in central Burlington and 

Camden Counties and remained fairly constant at 0.8 Mgal/d or less during 1978-94. Concentrations of chloride do 

not exceed 25 mg/L in samples from any wells screened in the Englishtown aquifer system; therefore, it is not 

possible to estimate the location of the 250-mg/L isochlor (fig. 5-3). In addition, the simulation shows that the 

10,000-mg/L isochlor is southeast of the downdip limit of the aquifer (D.A. Pope and A.D. Gordon, U.S. 

Geological Survey, written commun., 1993); therefore, the 10,000-mg/L isochlor is not within the aquifer and is 

not shown.

Water Levels

Water-level data for 74 wells screened in the Englishtown aquifer system are listed in table 5-1 (reverse 

side of sheet 5). Water levels in these wells were used to define the potentiometric surface in 1993 (fig. 5-3). Maps 

of simulated water levels by Martin (1990, fig. 46, p. 87) and A.D. Gordon (U.S. Geological Survey, written 

commun., 1992) were adapted to close the potentiometric-surface contours in the southeastern part of the Coastal 

Plain. The water-level map shows a major cone of depression in eastern Monmouth and northern Ocean Counties 

that encompasses two local cones of depression. The easternmost local cone of depression is elongated and is 

centered under shore communities from Lavallette to Spring Lake Heights. It had a minimum water-level altitude 

of about -150 ft in 1993. The westernmost local cone of depression is circular and is centered under the greater 

Lakewood area; the minimum water-level altitude within the cone was about -130 ft. The maximum water-level 

altitude measured during the 1993 water-level synoptic study was +111 ft, at well 25-213 in western Monmouth 

County. 

Water-level changes between 1988 and 1993 were calculated for 64 wells screened in the aquifer. Waterlevel altitudes were measured in 50 wells in Monmouth and Ocean Counties for the 1988 and 1993 studies. In 

northern and western Monmouth County, water levels rose 1 to 9 ft in six wells. Water levels rose 10 to 49 ft in 15 

wells, most of which are a few miles west of Lakewood. Water levels rose 50 to 99 ft in 11 wells, mostly near 

Lakewood, Point Pleasant, and Farmingdale. Water levels rose 100 to 121 ft in five wells near Avon-by-the-Sea 

and Brielle. Water levels declined 1 to 7 ft in nine wells in the greater Freehold area, and declined 22 ft in a 

production well in the Roosevelt quadrangle. Water levels remained the same in three wells.

Water levels were measured in 13 wells in Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Salem Counties in 1988 

and 1993. Water levels declined 1 to 23 ft in six wells, rose 1 to 7 ft in five wells, and did not change in two wells. 

Water levels declined more than 10 ft in production well 7-529 in the Clementon quadrangle and in well 33-581, 

west of Woodstown. 

Water-level hydrographs for 1978-94 for nine observation wells are shown in figure 5-4. Annual waterlevel altitudes remained fairly constant or decreased less than 5 ft in wells 23-104, 29-138, and 5-259 during 

1978-94. Water levels in well 25-250 and 29-534 declined 5 to 15 ft during 1978-93. Water levels declined in well 

25-429 and are interpreted to have declined in wells 25-638 and 29-530 during 1978-90; however, since 1990, 

water levels rose 40 ft in well 25-638, 70 ft in well 25-429, and at least 125 ft in well 29-530. The rise in water 

levels is interpreted to be a result of the NJDEP mandate to reduce withdrawals from the Englishtown aquifer 

system and deeper aquifers and to substitute the ground water with surface water from reservoirs in Monmouth 

County (General Water Supply Management Regulations, Water Supply Management Act, N.J.S.A. paragraph 

7:19-6 to 19-13). The mandated reduction of withdrawals resulted in an increase in water levels near the center of 

the cone of depression and a decrease in the extent of the cone of depression.

In summary, the potentiometric surface in 1993 was significantly different from that mapped in 1988 

(Rosman and others, 1996). The major cone of depression in the northern Coastal Plain decreased in size, and two 

local cones of depression formed within it. The water level at the center of the elongated cone of depression along 

the coastline rose about 100 ft, and the center shifted southward about 4 mi from the Avon-by-the-Sea/Brielle area 

to the Point Pleasant area. The water level at the center of the circular cone in the northern counties rose about 

60 ft. The western part of the cone of depression, represented in both reports by the 0-ft contour, contracted about 

0.5 mi on the west side. Water levels in the southern Coastal Plain, for the most part, remained about the same.

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

12

2

4

6

8

10

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Total

Northern Coastal Plain counties

Southern Coastal Plain counties

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 -240

120

-220

-200

-180

-160

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

WATER LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 23-104

Well 25-250

Well 25-429

Well 25-638

Well 25-715

Well 29-138

Well 29-530

Well 29-534

Well 5-259

Figure 5-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Englishtown aquifer system, 1978-94.

Figure 5-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Englishtown aquifer system, 1992.

Figure 5-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Englishtown aquifer system, 1978-94.
Table 5-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Englishtown aquifer system, 1978-93

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 5-3; --, data not available; L, well screened in lower Englishtown aquifer system; ft, feet; BORO, Borough; MUA, Municipal

Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department; TWP, Township; WC, Water Company; NJ, New Jersey; CO, Company; EPA, Environmental Protection Agency; SR, Senior; BR, Bridge]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 5-195 31-01164 395833 745042 THOMAS, ALFRED THOMAS D-1 MOUNT HOLLY 1954 60 70-74 25 23 22 26 4 11- 8

 5-197 31-01191 395653 744921 JONES, LESTER LUMBERTON TWP MOUNT HOLLY 1953 41 148-159 26 25 19 26 7 11- 2

 5-259 -- 395524 745025 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MEDFORD 2 OBS MOUNT HOLLY 1963 73 253-263 25 20 24 24 0 10-29

 5-375 32-02276 395807 743837 BURLINGTON COUNTY INSTITUTE BUR CO INST 3 PEMBERTON 1956 70 343-378 -- 29 25 20 -5 10-27

 5-387 32-01103 395943 744120 PEMBERTON TWP SCHOOLS HIGH SCH 2 (3) PEMBERTON 1973 50 208-228 44 54 49 52 3 10-29

 5-437 28-03831 400210 744138 KAUFFMAN, MINTER SPRINGFIELD TWP COLUMBUS 1960 74 94-105 62 61 61 66 5 11-11

 5-754 -- 395941 743250 US ARMY RANGE HQ 7 BROWNS MILLS 1975 100 418-447 50 46 43 37 -6 10-28

* 5-1180 28-31303 400300 743514 US AIR FORCE ECASTLE & SBOLLING TW B NEW EGYPT 1993 125 257-277 -- -- -- 75 -- 10-27

 5-1182 28-31265 400150 743428 US AIR FORCE BLDG 1904 TW C NEW EGYPT 1993 102 285-305 -- -- -- 87 -- 10-27

 7-166 31-01202 394807 745806 CLEMENTON WD CWD 9 CLEMENTON 1954 150 367-457 -- 46 11 15 4 11- 5

 7-529 31-13543 394832 745915 CLEMENTON WD CWD 11 CLEMENTON 1978 55 250-283 1 50 26 3 -23 11- 5

 7-672 31-24779 394929 750023 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAUREL SP TEST2 OBS1EF RUNNEMEDE 1986 76 195-215 -- -- 50 46 -4 11- 1

 7-731 31-29319 395001 745851 NJ/AMERICAN WC LINDEN AVE OW-57 CLEMENTON 1989 65 216-236 -- -- -- 48 -- 11- 2

 15-188 -- 394605 751057 YAHRLING, F YAHRLING 1 WOODBURY 1955 80 134-160 -- -- 31 31 0 11- 3

 15-676 -- 394638 751201 US EPA KRAMER LANDFILL X-6D WOODBURY 1984 28 68-78 -- -- 30 26 -4 11- 3

 23-104 -- 402143 741849 OLYMPIA & YORK BR DEVELOPMENT MORRELL1 OBS FREEHOLD 1923 77 0-11 -- -- -- 74 -- 10-21

* 23-605 29-10983 402159 741908 OLYMPIA & YORK BR DEVELOPMENT O&Y CC2 FREEHOLD 1981 120 37-47 -- -- 86 85 -1 10-21

 25-9 49-00050 402441 740234 ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS WD AHWD 2 SANDY HOOK 1923 15 200 10 11 5 10 5 10-19

* 25-16 29-00045 401037 740148 BELMAR BORO WD BWD 3 ELEC(12) ASBURY PARK 1949 20 563-594 -188 -196 -202 -91 111 10-18

 25-26 49-00024 401102 740045 BELMAR BORO WD BWD 4 ELEC(11) ASBURY PARK 1941 15 601-671 -165 -174 -173 -84 89 10-18

 25-28 29-05292 400623 740429 BRIELLE WD BWD 3 POINT PLEASANT 1967 90 770-820 -219 -220 -207 -119 88 10-29

* 25-30 29-00069 400645 740345 BRIELLE WD BWD 2 POINT PLEASANT 1950 33 690-750 -233 -249 -225 -116 109 10-29

 25-38 49-00012 401622 741156 HOMINY HILLS GOLF CLUB GLF CLB 1-1941 MARLBORO 1941 126 328-338 60 57 50 50 0 10-27

 25-47 29-02171 401803 740814 DORBROOK PARK ROSENBERG 1 MARLBORO 1957 80 322-342 35 33 27 34 7 11-11

 25-63 29-04386 401143 741018 FARMINGDALE WD FARMINGDALE 3 FARMINGDALE 1964 75 420-460 -- -- -84 -38 46 10-22

 25-80 29-05417 401415 741501 WORTHINGTON BIOTECHNOLOGY 1-1967 ADELPHIA 1967 120 294-334 75 78 73 73 0 10-21

 25-96 29-04435 401624 741502 FREEHOLD TWP WD 5-OLD SO.GULF1 FREEHOLD 1964 200 327-356 87 88 81 74 -7 10-20

 25-105 29-05302 401654 741736 FREEHOLD TWP WD FREEHOLD TWP 3 FREEHOLD 1967 112 150-212 104 100 69 66 -3 10-20

 25-107 29-03177 401701 741417 MUELLER, R W DR DURAND,E. 1960 MARLBORO 1960 163 249-257 81 81 73 70 -3 10-26

 25-132 29-02079 402202 741002 BELL TELEPHONE CO BELL LAB 2 MARLBORO 1960 120 191-221 64 64 63 63 0 10-26

 25-150 29-03737 402432 740848 LILY TULIP CUP CO LILY TULIP 2 KEYPORT 1962 65 97-122 -- 36 38 36 -2 10-18

 25-162 29-07043 400815 741043 NJ NATURAL GAS 1-1973 FARMINGDALE 1973 69 500-560 -114 -120 -125 -66 59 10-21

 25-165 29-05346 400844 741324 HOWELL TWP MUA ALDRICH W CO 4/HTMUA 4 FARMINGDALE 1967 135 363-550 -- -- -94 -46 48 10-21

 25-184 29-04186 401429 741254 DIXON FARMS HOWELL TWP FARMINGDALE 1963 140 360-380 -- 69 65 69 4 10-22

 25-213 28-06560 401253 742122 BLUE STAR STABLE 1969 ADELPHIA 1969 165 275-285 117 116 114 111 -3 10-20

 25-250 29-04437 401918 741529 GORDONS CORNERS WC VILLAGE 215 OBS FREEHOLD 1964 139 185-215 100 99 95 92 -3 10-19

 25-256 49-00010 401937 741428 MARLBORO STATE HOSPITAL STATE HOSP 4 MARLBORO -- 125 124 -- -- -- 79 -- 10-25

 25-365 29-04513 402046 740105 RUMSON COUNTRY CLUB RUMSON C C 2 LONG BRANCH 1965 7 268-333 -- -- -- 6 -- 10-20

 25-374 29-04102 400804 740227 SEA GIRT WD SGWD 5 ASBURY PARK 1963 20 660-710 -205 -218 -216 -113 103 10-18

 25-385 49-00016 400915 740146 SPRING LAKE WD SLWD 3 ASBURY PARK 1941 20 640-705 -197 -208 -210 -106 104 10-18

 25-389 29-00398 400859 740308 SPRING LAKE HEIGHTS WD SPRING LK HGT2 ASBURY PARK 1953 60 660-711 -203 -232 -230 -109 121 10-19

 25-408 28-06655 401007 743201 CLAYTON CONCRETE PRODUCTS D T ASSOC 1 ALLENTOWN 1969 105 96-119 -- 100 100 99 -1 10-21

 25-429 29-04140 400834 740834 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALLAIRE STATE PARK C OBS FARMINGDALE 1963 98 623-633 -143 -149 -149 -78 71 10-21

 25-441 29-05289 401028 740638 WALL TWP WD RT 34 WELL ASBURY PARK 1968 120 549-649 -162 -163 -170 -74 96 10-19

 25-638 29-18401-1 401105 741202 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HOWELL TWP 4 OBS FARMINGDALE 1987 112 483-493 -- -- -53 -14 39 10-21

 25-686 29-15362 401757 740754 BAILEY, RICHARD E. OVERBROOK FM 2 IRR MARLBORO 1985 80 320-340 -- -- -- 31 -- 10-26

 25-687 29-15008 401756 740258 EATONTOWN SR CITIZENS HOUSING EATONTOWN SR HOUSING LONG BRANCH 1985 40 177-187 -- -- 21 18 -3 10-20

 25-692 29-14852 401813 741818 WEINGARTEN-SIEGEL GROUP JUSTIN CORP CNTR FREEHOLD 1985 110 120-150 -- -- 90 86 -4 10-21

 25-697 29-13591 401950 740446 BOWERS, PHILIP J PJ BOWERS & CO LONG BRANCH 1984 50 247-277 -- -- -2 11 13 10-18

 25-704 29-15337 401450 741832 KAPLAN RAIN TREE GOLF COURSE WEMROCK RD IRRIGATION ADELPHIA 1985 195 290-320 -- -- -- 107 -- 10-20

 25-710 29-16728 400555 740850 PARKWAY WC PARKWAY 1 A LAKEWOOD 1986 45 594-644 -- -- -164 -96 68 10-29

 25-715 29-25384 402426 740019 ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS WD AHWD B OBS SANDY HOOK 1991 220 350-360 -- -- -- 4 -- 10-19

 29-5 -- 400405 740242 NJ/AMERICAN WC BAY HEAD 5 POINT PLEASANT 1947 10 750-834 -226 -219 -202 -153 49 10-25

 29-138 -- 400414 742702 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COLLIERS MILLS 1 OBS CASSVILLE 1964 137 417-427 65 64 60 61 1 10-26

 29-233 29-04689 400742 741639 JACKSON TWP MUA JACKSON 4 ADELPHIA 1965 100 448-500 -52 -36 -36 -5 31 10-22

 29-236 29-03883 400823 741533 JACKSON TWP MUA JACKSON 2 ADELPHIA 1962 170 541-577 -- -43 -53 -16 37 10-22

 29-237 28-08254 400800 742543 GREAT ADVENTURE GA 1 ROOSEVELT 1974 140 358-388 -- -- 122 100 -22 10-22

 29-430 29-05721 400220 741154 LAKEWOOD TWP MUA S LAKEWOOD 1 LAKEWOOD 1969 90 752-817 -178 -196 -190 -98 92 10-28

 29-433 29-05110 400309 741120 LAKEWOOD TWP MUA S LAKEWOOD 3 LAKEWOOD 1966 45 673-741 -207 -202 -184 -105 79 10-27

 29-434 29-04304 400354 741310 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD 7 LAKEWOOD 1964 85 697-757 -- -- -- -130 -- 10-27

 29-438 29-04834 400443 741352 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD 8 LAKEWOOD 1965 78 600-758 -152 -170 -161 -112 49 10-27

 29-441 29-05068 400505 741114 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD OBS LAKEWOOD 1966 30 726-736 -136 -141 -140 -112 28 10-27

 29-443 29-02231 400515 741251 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD 5 LAKEWOOD 1957 36 547-604 -- -151 -154 -94 60 10-27

 29-449 29-05496 400614 741157 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD 9 LAKEWOOD 1968 55 569-698 -170 -178 -189 -161 28 10-27

 29-450 29-03324 400622 741349 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD 6 LAKEWOOD 1960 70 520-582 -135 -153 -133 -112 21 10-27

 29-451 29-02207 400636 741515 LAKEWOOD TWP PINE PARK ST GABRIELS 1 LAKEHURST 1957 60 510-530 -102 -108 -103 -64 39 10-18

L*29-452 33-00001 395741 740437 LAVALLETTE WD LWD 3 SEASIDE PARK 1948 7 1,120-1,180 -117 -119 -108 -89 19 10-25

L 29-454 53-00002 395808 740421 LAVALLETTE WD LWD 2 SEASIDE PARK 1931 5 1,010-1,140 -119 -118 -107 -85 22 10-25

 29-503 29-01325 400210 740310 NJ/AMERICAN WC MANTOLOKING 6 OBS POINT PLEASANT 1955 5 845-906 -- -194 -194 -133 61 10-25

 29-518 -- 400401 743200 NEW EGYPT WC 2-1903 NEW EGYPT 1903 75 218-238 -- -- 61 62 1 10-27

 29-530 29-04530 400454 740413 POINT PLEASANT WD PPWD 6 OBS POINT PLEASANT 1965 20 730-790 -- -211 -202 -146 56 10-25

L 29-534 33-01117 395609 741240 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY TOMS RIVER 2 OBS TOMS RIVER 1965 18 1,080-1,150 -78 -86 -86 -85 1 10-25

 29-938 28-20499 400404 742137 JACKSON ESTATES 1988 WELL LAKEHURST 1988 130 487-527 -- -- -8 7 15 10-18

 33-581 30-01467 393846 752300 COWTOWN AUCTIONEERS COWTOWN AUCTIONEERS 2 PENNS GROVE 1975 35 95-115 -- -- 29 14 -15 11-10

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

ARTHUR KILL

PLAI

PERTH AMBOY

NFIELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

HOPEWELL

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

LAMBERTVILLE

PENNINGTON

PRINCETON

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

Edison

Sayerville

East Brunswick

Jamesburg

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Swimming River

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

Glendola

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

GLOUCESTER

Clayton

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

OUTCROP OF THE MAGOTHY FORMATION–(From U.S. Geological

 Survey, 1967)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. (Modified from

 Martin, in press). Contour interval 20 feet

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Interpreted freshwater-saltwater

 interface (Modified from Gill and Farlekas, 1976)

10,000-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Simulated freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. Hydrographs shown in figures 6-4 and 6-5

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level measurement

Only selected wells listed in table 8-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

25-13

-15

29-70

-22

25-351

-26

20

ELMER

23-557

8

23-205

-2

25-462

-7

25-112

-13

25-567

-9

25-195

-21

25-154

-12

25-197

-10

25-288

-11

25-206

-3

25-282

-1

25-284

4

23-173

1

23-182

16

23-142

8

23-1159

43

23-180

5

23-351

20

23-344

17

23-143

7

23-109

-2

23-96

38

23-101

19

23-1156

4

23-490

47

25-56

16

25-220

-10

23-292

72

23-228

60

23-98

45

23-22

55

21-103

60

25-362

39

21-18

49

21-19

70

23-508

65

21-84

56

5-218

3

5-731

3

5-116

4

25-321

-2

25-316

-2

25-117

-1

25-513

-8

25-459

-15

25-45

-16

25-303

-19

25-121

-15 25-729

-17

25-358

-19

25-724

-21 25-244

-20

25-103

-6 25-97

-19

25-91

-13

25-726

-15

25-550

-12

25-37

-14

25-177

-14

25-493

-17

25-62

-11

25-639

-16

25-436

-17

25-434

-12

29-531

-18

29-504

-18

29-100

-21

29-70

-22

29-577

-20

29-134

-33

29-1040

-27

25-322

7

29-238

-5

25-351

-26

25-333

-17 25-13

-15

25-259

-5

5-212

-18

5-207

5-209 -20

-32

5-1157

-25

5-745

-23

5-1077

-13

5-1183

-16

5-1159

-9

5-821

-25

5-1181

-63

5-383

-42 5-728

-42

5-317

-46

5-310

-51

5-1194

-74 5-258

-69 5-254

-77

5-729

-36

5-229

-53

7-162

-51

7-149

-53

7-143

-64

7-727

-70 7-322

-46 7-573

-5

15-779

-1

15-303

-8

7-13

-39

7-285

-58 7-275

-72

7-316

7-404 -79

-75

7-274

-86

5-165

-104

5-755

-91

5-249

-86

5-167

-88

7-131

-86

7-117

-91

7-311

-88

7-115

-95

7-422

-112

7-410

-93

7-477

-81

7-18

-98

7-15

-97

7-521

-104

7-392

-92

7-242

-83

7-252

7-249 -85

-86

15-1000

-70

15-433

-82

15-261

-91

15-253

-92

15-187

-56

15-227

-68 15-1013

-75

15-248

-73 15-63

-67 15-60

-70

15-332

-36

15-281

-38

15-297

-11

15-728

-7 15-28

-27

15-330

-47

15-378

-21 15-346

-35

15-129

-32

15-379

-41

15-741

-46

15-275

-63

15-240

-21

15-339

-21

15-1031

-10

15-617

7

33-671

-3

33-361

-6

33-342

-1

33-76

1

33-74

-13

33-686

-10

33-111

-19

33-105

-26

33-253

-28

33-355

-17

15-3

-74

15-1

-80

Eb23-22

33

Jd25-09

-9

Gd33-05

-11

5-76

1

-20

-20

-20

-20

-20

0

0

0

0

0

60

40

20

-20

-60

-100

-100

-100

-40

-60

-80

-80

-60

-40

-20

20

0

-20

-60

33-348

18

Figure 6-3. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1993.

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer - SHEET 6 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

100

20

40

60

80

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Total

Northern Coastal Plain counties

Southern Coastal Plain counties

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-110

30

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 15-728

Well 15-297

Well 7-322

Well 15-741

Well 5-258

Well 7-477

Well 7-117

Well 33-253

Well 33-342

Well 33-348

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-60

90

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 23-292

Well 23-228

Well 23-351

Well 23-344

Well 23-180

Well 25-316

Well 25-206

Well 25-639

Well 25-351

Figure 6-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 6-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1992.

Figure 6-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer in the southern counties of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1978-94.

Figure 6-5. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer in northern counties of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1978-94.

Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy Aquifer

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Estimated water withdrawal from the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer ranged from about 73 to 

79 Mgal/d during 1978-87, then steadily decreased to 58 Mgal/d in 1994 (fig. 6-1). Water withdrawals in the 

northern Coastal Plain were predominantly in southern Middlesex County and northern Monmouth County (fig. 

6-2). Withdrawals in this area decreased from about 46 to 27 Mgal/d during 1978-94. Water withdrawals in the 

southern Coastal Plain were predominantly in the greater Camden County area. Water withdrawals in the southern 

counties increased slightly; about 28 Mgal/d was withdrawn in 1978, and 32 Mgal/d was withdrawn in 1994. The 

location of the 250-mg/L isochlor in the Raritan Bay area (fig. 6-3) was mapped by Schaefer (1983). The 

250-mg/L isochlor in Salem County was based on water-quality data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey waterquality data base. The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was estimated by use of the saltwater model of the 

aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope and A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 

1993). This is the simulated location of water that is about one-half freshwater and one-half seawater.

Water Levels

Water-level measurements for 189 wells screened in the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer are 

listed in table 6-1 (reverse side of sheet 6). The water-level altitudes in these wells were used to define the 1993 

potentiometric surface shown in figure 6-3. Maps of simulated water levels by Martin (in press, fig. 48) and A.D. 

Gordon (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1992) were adapted to close the potentiometric-surface 

contours in the southeastern part of the Coastal Plain. 

The water-level map shows a major cone of depression in the greater Camden County area of the southern 

Coastal Plain. A shallow, broad cone of depression underlies the greater Monmouth County area in the northern 

Coastal Plain and a small cone of depression underlies western Salem County. The cone of depression underlying 

the greater Camden area encompasses six local cones of depression. Each of the six local cones is located near a 

major withdrawal center. From north to south the minor cones are near Mount Holly, Evesham, Somerdale, Pine 

Hill, Woodbury, and Clayton. The water-level altitude at the center of the southern regional cone of depression was 

typically about -90 ft, and the minimum water-level altitude among the local cones of depression was about -112 ft.

The water-level altitude in the center of the broad shallow cone of depression in the northern counties was 

typically about -15 ft. Five small local cones of depression within the northern cone are centered at or near the 

pumping centers for the communities of Keansburg, Marlboro, Asbury Park, Lavallette and Lakewood. The 

minimum water levels in the local cones ranged from -20 to -33 ft. The small cone of depression in western Salem 

County had a water-level altitude of about -28 ft. The maximum water-level altitude measured for the 1993 waterlevel map is +72 ft (well 23-292) near Hightstown. The interpreted water levels in the aquifer in the southeastern 

Coastal Plain and underlying the Atlantic Ocean are based on a modification of the simulated potentiometric 

surface developed by Martin (in press, fig. 46, p. 87) and A.D. Gordon (U.S. Geological Survey written commun., 

1992).

Water-level changes during 1988-93 were calculated for 167 wells. Water levels declined 1 to 15 ft in 48 

wells, rose from 1 to 42 ft in 101 wells, and remained the same in 18 wells. 

In the southern Coastal Plain, water-level changes were calculated for 89 wells. Water levels rose 1 to 9 ft 

in 37 wells, declined 1 to 9 ft in 37 wells, and remained the same in 15 wells. Water levels increased 18 ft in one 

production well and decreased 10 to 15 ft in five production wells, but these increases and decreases were local 

features. In general, water levels remained about the same in 1993 as they were in 1988.

In the northern Coastal Plain, water-level changes were calculated for 71 wells. Water levels rose 1 to 

42 ft in 63 wells, declined 1 to 6 ft in 5 wells, and remained the same in 2 wells. Water levels rose 10 to 19 ft in 14 

wells, 20 to 29 ft in 15 wells, and 30 to 42 ft in 3 wells. The greatest rise in water levels was in the local cone of 

depression in the Asbury Park area and in the northern Monmouth-eastern Middlesex County area. The rise in 

water levels in the cone of depression in the northern counties resulted from a decrease in ground-water 

withdrawals and a substitution of water from Swimming River, Glendola, and Manasquan Reservoirs.

The water-level hydrographs for 10 observation wells in the southern counties show annual and seasonal 

fluctuations that reflect the response of the potentiometric surface to ground-water withdrawals and recovery 

(fig. 6-4). Hydrographs for wells 33-348, 33-342, 15-728, and 15-297 show fairly constant water levels during 

1978-94. Hydrographs for most of the remaining wells in the southern counties show water-level declines of about 

10 to 15 ft during 1978-88 but declines of only 1 to 2 ft during 1989-94. The small decline in water levels during 

that latter time is the result of the NJDEP’s attempt to stabilize the cone of depression in the southern Coastal Plain 

by restricting new and increased withdrawals. The seasonal water-level fluctuations were greatest in wells 15-741, 

5-258, 7-477, and 7-117, ranging from 10 to 25 ft/yr. These wells are near the center of the Camden County area 

cone of depression and are far from the outcrop/recharge area. Water levels in well 7-322 annually fluctuate less 

than 5 ft because the well is near the outcrop area. Water levels in well 33-253 declined 7 ft during 1978-93, but 

did not fluctuate annually because the well is far from major withdrawal areas.

The cone of depression the southern counties as mapped in 1993 (fig. 6-3) is similar to the cone as 

mapped in 1988 (Rosman and others, 1996). The -20-ft, -40-ft, and -60-ft contours are in about the same locations. 

The -80-ft contour for 1993 shifted downdip, expanded toward the northeast, and contracted from southwest. The 

100-ft contour lines are in slightly different locations but cover the same general area.

The water-level hydrographs for nine observation wells in the northern counties show annual and seasonal 

water-level fluctuations reflecting the response of the potentiometric surface to ground-water withdrawals and 

recovery (fig. 6-5). The hydrograph for well 23-351 shows fairly constant water levels during 1978-94. 

Hydrographs for wells 23-292 and 23-228 show that water levels decreased about 8 to 10 ft during 1978-94. 

Hydrographs for wells 25-316, 25-206, 25-639, and 25-351 show static water levels from 1978 to 1990 and 

increasing water levels from 1990 to 1993. The increase in water levels is the result of the state mandate for 

increased surface-water withdrawal from the Manasquan, Swimming River, and Glendola Reservoirs and decreased 

ground-water withdrawals from this and deeper aquifers (General Water Supply Management Regulations, Water 

Supply Management Act, N.J.S.A. paragraph 7:19-6 to 19-13).

In summary, the cone of depression mapped in 1993 in the northern counties has decreased in depth and 

extent since 1988. The greatest rise in water levels were in the Asbury Park area (about 40 ft) and in the northern 

Monmouth-eastern Middlesex County area (about 30 ft). The cone of depression in the southern Coastal Plain 

remained stable in many areas and declined slightly in some areas during 1988-93.
Table 6-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1978-93

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 6-3; --, data not available; ft, feet; BORO, Borough; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department; TWP, Township;

WC, Water Company; NJ, New Jersey; DEL, Delaware; CO, Company; CORP, Corporation; ED, Education; AUTH, Authority; ; CTR, Center; OBS, Observation; WMC, Water Commission]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

* 5-45 -- 400716 744228 SANDMAN MOTEL SANDMAN 1 COLUMBUS -- 85 -- - -- -- -- 8 10 2 10-21

 5-76 31-01751 400324 745152 HEAL, CHARLES JR HEAL BRISTOL 1955 50 59-80 -3 -4 -6 1 7 11- 8

 5-116 28-02847 400708 743836 CHESTERFIELD SCHOOL 1 COLUMBUS 1957 102 247-253 7 6 3 4 1 11- 5

 5-165 31-05458 395233 745418 EVESHAM MUA EMUA4 MOORESTOWN 1970 110 464-500 -75 -81 -89 -104 -15 11- 8

 5-167 31-07883 395247 745157 EVESHAM MUA EMUA5 MOUNT HOLLY 1973 50 478-548 -70 -79 -84 -88 -4 11- 8

 5-207 -- 400356 744039 VAN MATER, CHAS CRESANT FARMS COLUMBUS -- 95 325 -13 -16 -20 -20 0 11- 2

 5-209 28-06599 400412 744323 COLUMBUS WC CWC 2(OLD 3) COLUMBUS 1969 73 259-274 -- -18 -22 -32 -10 11- 1

 5-212 28-03560 400515 744109 NORTHERN BURLINGTON COUNTY HIGH SCHOOL 1 COLUMBUS 1959 83 290-310 -13 -15 -18 -18 0 11- 5

 5-218 -- 400718 744453 RIVER FRONT MOTEL MOTEL COLUMBUS -- 60 100 -2 -4 -4 3 7 10-22

 5-229 31-08922 395630 745855 MAPLE SHADE WD MSWD9 MOORESTOWN 1975 40 160-200 -47 -57 -56 -53 3 11- 3

 5-249 31-05282 395209 745043 MEDFORD TWP WD MTWD3/MTWD1 MEDFORD LAKES 1968 55 523-541 -65 -75 -84 -86 -2 11- 3

 5-254 31-10560 395430 744929 MEDFORD LEASE 2-1977 MOUNT HOLLY 1977 50 451-471 -- -- -- -77 -- 11- 1

 5-258 31-04627 395524 745025 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MEDFORD1 OBS MOUNT HOLLY 1963 71 400-410 -52 -65 -66 -69 -3 10-29

 5-310 -- 395728 745504 STATE OF NJ - TURNPIKE AUTH MAINT 2 MOORESTOWN 1952 40 120-160 -40 -48 -50 -51 -1 11-15

* 5-315 -- 395845 745240 LARCHMONT FARMS FARM WELL 1 MOORESTOWN 1958 55 200-238 -39 -45 -49 -46 3 11- 3

 5-317 31-00212 395850 745318 STATE OF NJ - TURNPIKE AUTH 4N-1 MOORESTOWN 1951 45 192-222 -- -- -45 -46 -1 11-15

 5-383 32-00380 395839 744249 SYBRON CHEMICAL IONAC CHEM 2 PEMBERTON 1960 30 490-521 -34 -20 -38 -42 -4 10-29

 5-728 -- 395819 744341 MOBILE ESTATES FIELD PUMP PEMBERTON 1972 55 485-500 -31 -31 -37 -42 -5 10-28

 5-729 31-00060 395725 745914 MAPLE SHADE WD MSWD 2 MOORESTOWN -- 20 91-121 -- -- -26 -36 -10 11- 5

 5-731 -- 400739 744228 INTERSTATE WASTE MONITOR 8 TRENTON EAST 1978 93 118-128 2 4 2 3 1 10-21

 5-745 27-05937 400157 744819 BURLINGTON COUNTY COUNTRY CLUB CLUB 1R BRISTOL 1974 102 260-290 -18 -17 -21 -23 -2 11- 2

 5-755 31-06840 395049 745338 EVESHAM MUA KGWC 1 CLEMENTON 1973 90 547-593 -- -79 -91 -91 0 11- 8

* 5-795 31-09595 395239 745308 MOUNT LAUREL MUA MLWC 5 MOORESTOWN 1976 60 416-463 -- -96 -97 -97 0 11- 8

 5-821 27-07360 400033 745131 FEDERAL LAND BANK 1 BRISTOL 1983 65 214-219 -- -21 -25 -25 0 11- 8

 5-1077 28-12619 400426 744621 BURLINGTON COUNTY FLRNCE LND RCN/GM-38 BRISTOL 1981 30 78-98 -- -- -11 -13 -2 11- 2

 5-1157 28-28845 400312 744333 COLUMBUS FARMERS MARKET COLUMBUS FM COLUMBUS 1992 45 251-266 -- -- -- -25 -- 10-26

 5-1159 28-15286 400350 744510 HOMESTEAD WATER & TREATMENT WTR TREATMENT PLANT PW 2 BRISTOL 1985 50 165-205 -- -- -- -9 -- 11- 4

 5-1181 31-41329 395935 744653 ELIZABETHTOWN WC GREEN ST 3R MOUNT HOLLY 1993 19 313-343 -- -- -- -63 -- 11- 1

 5-1183 28-28543 400333 744629 INTERSTATE STORAGE & PIPE CO INTERSTATE NEW 1991 BRISTOL 1991 75 200-220 -- -- -- -16 -- 11- 8

 5-1194 31-29146 395546 745343 RUDDEROW, JOHN RUDDEROW DOM ELBO LN MOORESTOWN 1989 70 300-310 -- -- -- -74 -- 11- 3

* 7-3 31-02492 395146 750254 OWENS CORNING CO CORNING 1 RUNNEMEDE 1956 60 285-315 -- -102 -96 -78 18 11- 9

 7-13 51-00032 395221 750636 BELLMAWR BORO WD BBWD 1 RUNNEMEDE 1942 31 111- 160 -- -46 -44 -39 5 11- 9

 7-15 31-06208 394648 745622 BERLIN WD BWD 11 CLEMENTON 1972 150 675-745 -78 -89 -97 -97 0 11- 9

 7-18 31-02079 394738 745614 BERLIN WD BWD 9 CLEMENTON 1955 145 650-713 -- -- -95 -98 -3 11- 8

 7-115 31-00051 395149 745909 WOODCREST COUNTRY CLUB CLUB 1 CLEMENTON 1949 70 400-420 -- -84 -101 -95 6 11- 4

 7-117 31-04897 395229 745712 NJ/AMERICAN WC HUTTON HILL 1 OBS CLEMENTON 1965 158 552-562 -75 -79 -84 -91 -7 11- 1

 7-131 31-05096 395353 745708 NJ/AMERICAN WC OLD ORCHARD B MOORESTOWN 1967 71 342 -74 -79 -83 -86 -3 11- 2

 7-143 31-03305 395441 750104 NJ/AMERICAN WC ELLISBURG 16 CAMDEN 1957 40 187-220 -61 -65 -67 -64 3 11- 3

 7-149 -- 395503 750221 STATE OF NJ - NATIONAL GUARD 1 CAMDEN 1956 15 96-111 -52 -54 -59 -53 6 10-26

 7-162 31-04274 395608 750025 NJ/AMERICAN WC COLUMBIA 24 CAMDEN 1961 34 112-167 -46 -50 -52 -51 1 11- 3

 7-242 -- 394712 750220 SOCIETY DIVINE SAVIOR RUNNEMEDE 1951 107 492-512 -- -76 -82 -83 -1 11-10

 7-249 31-02703 394754 750343 GARDEN STATE WC BLACKWOD DIV 3 RUNNEMEDE 1956 65 426-447 -- -- -86 -86 0 11- 3

 7-252 31-05581 394759 750158 GARDEN STATE WC BLACKWOD DIV 6 RUNNEMEDE 1971 75 407-477 -73 -84 -81 -85 -4 11- 3

 7-274 31-05226 395030 750347 NJ/AMERICAN WC OTTERBROOK 39 RUNNEMEDE 1968 60 269-349 -81 -87 -81 -86 -5 11- 1

 7-275 31-03375 395231 750312 NJ/AMERICAN WC HADDON 20 CAMDEN 1958 60 236-267 -77 -78 -79 -72 7 11- 2

 7-285 31-03308 395248 750433 NJ/AMERICAN WC EGGBERT 18 CAMDEN 1958 24 144-191 -63 -64 -64 -58 6 11-11

* 7-293 31-04986 395416 750336 HADDON BOARD OF ED HADDON TWP HS1 CAMDEN 1966 15 142-162 -56 -57 -57 -55 2 10-25

 7-311 31-04723 394928 750027 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAUREL 15 RUNNEMEDE 1964 75 395-473 -80 -86 -91 -88 3 11- 1

 7-316 31-05100 395134 750230 NJ/AMERICAN WC MAGNOLIA 33 RUNNEMEDE 1967 75 271-348 -- -- -- -79 -- 11- 2

 7-322 31-04283 395359 750445 NJ/AMERICAN WC OAKLYN TEST CAMDEN 1961 33 101-112 -52 -53 -50 -46 4 11- 1

 7-392 31-04521 394641 745909 PINE HILL MUA PHMUA 1 CLEMENTON 1962 150 627-669 -71 -88 -96 -92 4 11- 9

 7-404 31-03307 395055 750420 NJ/AMERICAN WC RUNNEMEDE 19 RUNNEMEDE 1958 67 297-339 -78 -83 -82 -75 7 11- 1

 7-410 31-02360 395041 750056 NJ/AMERICAN WC SOMERDALE 14 RUNNEMEDE 1956 95 441 -90 -95 -94 -93 1 11- 3

 7-422 31-03306 395124 745952 NJ/AMERICAN WC ASHLAND 17 CLEMENTON 1957 68 379-421 -87 -91 -107 -112 -5 11- 3

 7-477 -- 394215 745617 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW BROOKLYN PARK 2 OBS WILLIAMSTOWN 1961 111 829-839 -64 -73 -77 -81 -4 11- 1

 7-521 31-12301 394742 745931 CLEMENTON WD CWD 10 CLEMENTON 1978 180 600-629 -- -- -103 -104 -1 11- 9

 7-573 -- 395355 750738 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COAST GUARD 2 PHILADELPHIA 1966 11 89 -- -9 -9 -5 4 11- 3

 7-727 31-31110 395455 745924 NJ/AMERICAN WC RANOLDO TERR KINGSTON 62 MOORESTOWN 1989 40 175-202 -- -- -- -70 -- 11- 4

 15-1 31-02889 393913 750517 CLAYTON WD CWD 3 PITMAN EAST 1956 133 746-800 -62 -69 -77 -80 -3 11- 4

 15-3 31-06676 394015 750559 CLAYTON WD 4-1973 PITMAN EAST 1973 140 670-740 -63 -- -71 -74 -3 11- 4

 15-28 30-00432 394755 751327 EAST GREENWICH WD EGWD 2 WOODBURY 1956 70 191-216 -21 -23 -23 -27 -4 11- 3

 15-60 31-02358 394206 750758 GLASSBORO WD GWD 3 PITMAN WEST 1955 150 562-612 -60 -70 -66 -70 -4 11- 1

 15-63 31-04176 394308 750702 GLASSBORO WD GWD 4 PITMAN EAST 1961 150 549-599 -63 -65 -64 -67 -3 11- 4

 15-129 50-00049 394409 751330 SOUTH JERSEY WC SJWC 1 PITMAN WEST 1950 35 263 -25 -30 -31 -32 -1 11-10

 15-187 -- 394543 750746 INVERSAND CO #2 WOODBURY 1956 45 325-355 -- -- -64 -56 8 11- 2

 15-194 31-05309 394732 751037 MANTUA TWP MUA MTMUA 4 WOODBURY 1969 10 230-265 -48 -53 -51 -52 -1 11- 3

 15-227 31-04061 394426 750747 PITMAN WD PWD P3 PITMAN WEST 1960 99 447-487 -60 -64 -71 -68 3 11-10

 15-240 30-00973 394510 751838 DEL MONTE CORP 9 BRIDGEPORT 1963 32 190-231 -22 -19 -21 -21 0 11- 5

 15-248 51-00029 394339 750433 WASHINGTON TWP MUA WTMUA 5 PITMAN EAST 1973 125 559-618 -63 -68 -80 -73 7 11- 3

 15-253 31-04741 394437 750249 WASHINGTON TWP MUA 6(FRIES MLS 1) PITMAN EAST 1964 152 584-652 -65 -76 -81 -92 -11 11- 2 

 15-261 31-03913 394520 750218 WASHINGTON TWP MUA WTMUA 1 RUNNEMEDE 1959 100 581-612 -72 -81 -85 -91 -6 11- 2

 15-275 31-00170 394751 750912 WENONAH WD WWD 2 WOODBURY 1951 50 268-310 -51 -53 -62 -63 -1 11- 5

* 15-276 31-04567 394821 751026 WEST DEPTFORD TWP WD WDTWD 4 WOODBURY 1963 60 242-289 -39 -44 -46 -48 -2 11- 3

 15-281 31-03021 394912 751026 WEST DEPTFORD TWP WD WDTWD 3 WOODBURY 1957 61 227-243 -35 -40 -37 -38 -1 11- 3

 15-297 30-00903 394942 751317 HUNTSMAN POLYPROPYLENE CORP SHELL 6 OBS WOODBURY 1962 21 113-118 -11 -11 -11 -11 0 11- 3

 15-303 -- 395030 751236 PENNWALT CORP TEST WELL 1 WOODBURY 1969 10 84-114 -6 -8 -9 -8 1 11- 2

 15-330 31-06356 394858 750845 WOODBURY HEIGHTS BORO 1 HELEN AVE WOODBURY 1972 40 190-235 -44 -50 -49 -47 2 11- 5

 15-332 51-00100 395009 750922 WOODBURY WD PARKING LOT 3 WOODBURY 1946 50 148-188 -31 -45 -38 -36 2 11- 4

 15-339 30-01161 394350 751910 GRASSO, J S 1 WOODSTOWN 1969 90 247-267 -19 -19 -20 -21 -1 11-10

* 15-345 -- 394642 751823 MUSUMECI, PETER 1 BRIDGEPORT 1954 62 94-100 -12 -12 -12 -13 -1 11- 4

 15-346 30-01565 394529 751340 TOMARCHIO, ALFRED S 1 WOODBURY 1977 80 267-343 -- -24 -29 -35 -6 11- 2

* 15-355 30-01426 394822 751247 EAST GREENWICH WD EGWD 3 WOODBURY 1977 42 205-245 -28 -30 -28 -28 0 11- 4

 15-378 -- 394523 751610 STATE OF NJ - TURNPIKE AUTH MAINT 1 BRIDGEPORT -- 100 98 -- -- -26 -21 5 11-15

 15-379 31-06640 394601 751005 MANTUA TWP MUA MTMUA 6 WOODBURY 1973 145 368-398 -- -- -40 -41 -1 11- 3

 15-433 31-17801 394631 750517 WASHINGTON TWP MUA WTMUA 9 RUNNEMEDE 1981 135 512-552 -- -69 -78 -82 -4 11- 3

 15-617 -- 394637 751916 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SHIVELER UPPER BRIDGEPORT 1985 30 60-70 -- -- -- 7 7 11- 4

* 15-674 30-01511 395053 751346 ESSEX CHEMICAL CO OBS 1 WOODBURY 1977 9 21-41 -- -- 4 5 1 11- 2

 15-728 30-04549 394808 751724 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STEFKA 4 OBS BRIDGEPORT 1987 4 46-56 -- -- -7 -7 0 11- 3

 15-741 -- 394652 751004 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MANTUA SHALLOW OBS WOODBURY 1986 82 293-313 -- -- -46 -46 0 11- 3

 15-779 31-26239 395223 751117 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL PK #11- OW-BU WOODBURY 1987 5 25-35 -- -- -5 -1 4 11- 2

 15-1000 31-21614 394646 750631 ANGELINI, RAY ANGELINI 1 RUNNEMEDE 1984 75 354-359 -- -- -71 -70 1 11-10

 15-1013 31-21557 394351 750611 SCHULTES, RICHARD J SCHULTES 1 PITMAN EAST 1985 105 483-493 -- -- -65 -75 -10 11- 5

 15-1031 30-03412 394553 751920 MATLACK TRUCKING MATLACK TRUCKING MW-1B BRIDGEPORT 1984 47 95-105 -- -- -9 -10 -1 11- 5

 21-18 -- 401558 743003 CAPAZELLO FARMS 1-IRR HIGHTSTOWN 1941 110 250 52 47 44 49 5 10-20

 21-19 28-05897 401608 743354 EAST WINDSOR MUA EWMUA 5 HIGHTSTOWN 1966 90 133-181 71 68 69 70 1 10-26

* 21-21 28-02937 401631 743246 MCGRAW HILL PUBLICATION MCGRAW HILL 1 HIGHTSTOWN 1958 97 153-173 57 53 52 55 3 10-18

 21-84 48-00063 401622 743129 HIGHTSTOWN WD HIGHTSTOWN 2 HIGHTSTOWN 1947 84 181-205 77 54 51 56 5 10-18

 21-103 28-00801 401309 743702 SUBURBAN NATURAL GAS SUBURBAN 1 ALLENTOWN 1953 110 183-186 61 59 58 60 2 10-22

* 23-15 48-00064 401842 743055 CRANBURY TWP WD CTWD 2 HIGHTSTOWN 1917 95 110 59 65 64 67 3 10-22

* 23-20 28-06292 401847 742900 CARTER WALLACE CW 3A JAMESBURG 1968 100 122-172 -- -- -- 53 -- 10-19

 23-22 48-00001 401857 742908 CARTER WALLACE CW 9 JAMESBURG 1951 120 209 59 52 53 55 2 10-19

 23-96 28-07432 402236 742535 HELMETTA WC 6(4-R) NEW BRUNSWICK 1972 40 32-42 38 37 36 38 2 10-20

 23-98 28-01426 402051 742604 NJ/AMERICAN WC JAMESBURG 6 JAMESBURG 1954 50 99-120 47 44 41 45 4 10-25

 23-101 28-07904 402030 742115 MOLDER FISH 1973 FREEHOLD 1973 50 211-223 17 -- 11 19 8 10-25

* 23-108 48-00194 402253 742247 DUHERNAL WC DUHERNAL 13 NEW BRUNSWICK 1947 25 87-107 -- -- -- -15 -- 10-19

 23-109 -- 402302 742256 DUHERNAL WC DUHERNL OBS 26 NEW BRUNSWICK 1942 24 101 1 -1 -2 -2 0 10-19

 23-142 -- 402346 741832 OLD BRIDGE MUA BROWNTOWN 1 SOUTH AMBOY -- 90 199-249 8 4 9 8 -1 10-18

 23-143 -- 402347 742038 DUHERNAL WC DUHERNL OBS 2 SOUTH AMBOY 1938 30 81-91 -- 5 5 7 2 10-19

 23-173 -- 402406 741620 OLD BRIDGE BOARD OF ED IRA-71 SOUTH AMBOY 1971 60 173-193 -4 -7 -8 1 9 10-21

* 23-174 29-03635 402407 741924 OLD BRIDGE MUA BROWNTOWN OBS SOUTH AMBOY 1961 45 150 10 6 9 10 1 10-18

 23-180 -- 402438 742129 DUHERNAL WC DUHERNAL OBS 1 SOUTH AMBOY 1938 19 57-67 4 4 4 5 1 10-19

 23-182 -- 402449 741819 BOWNE, CLYDE BROWNTOWN SOUTH AMBOY 1932 31 66-71 17 15 13 16 3 10-20

 23-205 29-00022 402700 741454 OLD BRIDGE MUA LAWRENCE HAR 8 KEYPORT 1948 60 193-213 -- -4 -5 -2 3 10-18

 23-228 28-04251 402015 742757 MONROE TWP MUA FORSGATE 3 OBS JAMESBURG 1961 147 128-138 66 58 55 60 5 10-22

 23-292 28-04250 402109 743012 MONROE TWP MUA FORSGATE 2 OBS HIGHTSTOWN 1961 107 93-104 72 71 71 72 1 10-22

* 23-344 -- 402558 742013 SAYREVILLE WD SWD 2 OBS SOUTH AMBOY 1957 22 31-37 15 13 14 17 3 10-22

 23-351 -- 402605 741959 SAYREVILLE WD SWD 1 OBS SOUTH AMBOY -- 35 76-82 -- -- -- 20 -- 10-22

 23-490 28-08490 401925 742620 MONROE TWP MUA 8-R JAMESBURG 1974 167 287-325 51 43 48 47 -1 10-18

 23-508 -- 401801 743154 DANSER, FRANK DOMEST-73 HIGHTSTOWN 1973 105 90 68 65 63 65 2 10-20

 23-557 26-04812 402820 741629 SOUTH AMBOY WD SAWD 9A SOUTH AMBOY 1979 10 48-58 -- 4 4 8 4 10-20

 23-1156 29-12379 402225 741820 JOCAMA CONSTRUCTION CORP JOCAMA BLDG 3 FREEHOLD 1982 60 230-238 -- -- -4 4 8 10-21

 23-1159 29-19607 402720 741950 E I DUPONT PM-8D SOUTH AMBOY 1987 86 95-105 -- -- -- 43 -- 10-21

* 23-1198 28-15810 401847 742900 CARTER WALLACE HALF ACRE RD REAR 4A JAMESBURG 1985 96 131-160 -- -- -- 54 -- 10-19

 25-13 29-07461 401137 740121 AVON WD AWD 4 ASBURY PARK 1974 29 1,110-1170 -16 -27 -29 -15 14 10-18

 25-37 29-04068 401607 741209 HOMINY HILLS GOLF CLUB GLF CLB 2-1963 MARLBORO 1963 137 686-706 -30 -35 -30 -14 16 10-27

 25-45 29-03972 401810 740957 FLOCK AND SONS 1 MARLBORO 1963 66 649-677 -31 -39 -40 -16 24 10-25

 25-56 28-05400 401744 742135 ENGLISHTOWN BORO WD ENGLISHTOWN 2 FREEHOLD 1965 70 363-384 9 1 18 16 -2 10-20

 25-62 29-03492 401134 741014 ROKEACH AND SONS CO 4-DEEP FARMINGDALE 1961 80 831-885 -25 -34 -31 -11 20 10-22

 25-91 29-05708 401516 741530 BROCKWAY GLASS BROCKWAY 2 FREEHOLD 1969 140 632-685 -38 -47 -34 -13 21 10-22

 25-97 29-04708 401625 741501 FREEHOLD TWP WD 6-OLD SO.GULF2 FREEHOLD 1966 195 596-656 -42 -47 -38 -19 19 10-20

 25-103 29-07494 401646 741737 FREEHOLD TWP WD 7-74 FREEHOLD 1974 107 478-575 -53 -36 -39 -6 33 10-20

 25-112 29-03096 402537 740933 SHORELANDS WC W KEANSBURG 2 KEYPORT 1960 44 312-352 -40 -35 -39 -13 26 10-19

 25-117 49-00005 402401 735920 HIGHLANDS WD HWD 4 SANDY HOOK 1973 20 630-680 -- -- -11 -1 10 10-19

 25-121 29-03033 402023 741100 PENNWALT CORP 1 (PENNWALT) MARLBORO 1960 80 560-590 -26 -33 -35 -15 20 10-25

 25-154 29-04207 402445 741019 SHORELANDS WC W KEANSBURG 3 KEYPORT 1964 73 400-430 -39 -35 -38 -12 26 10-19

 25-177 29-05691 401255 741147 SCHROTH, EMIL A SCHROTH FARMINGDALE 1969 87 781-801 -24 -27 -36 -14 22 10-21

 25-195 29-01297 402621 740743 KEANSBURG MUA KWD 5A KEYPORT 1954 15 290-350 -- -35 -32 -21 11 10-18

 25-197 29-08379 402535 741214 KEYPORT BORO WD KEYPORT 7 KEYPORT 1976 35 304-354 -- -26 -25 -10 15 10-20

 25-206 -- 402625 741145 KEYPORT BORO WD KEYPORT 4 OBS KEYPORT 1939 14 225-249 -14 -15 -17 -3 14 10-19

 25-220 28-06114 401537 742012 BATTLEGROUND COUNTRY CLUB IRRIGATION FREEHOLD 1967 120 539-569 -21 -29 -29 -10 19 10-21

 25-244 29-05790 401848 741504 GORDONS CORNERS WC GORDONS 7 FREEHOLD 1969 160 524-594 -47 -43 -48 -20 28 10-22

 25-259 29-00073 402035 741423 MARLBORO STATE HOSPITAL STATE HOSP 12 MARLBORO 1950 155 508-593 -18 -26 -27 -5 22 10-25

 25-282 29-08486 402507 741344 BAYSHORE SEWER AUTH BAYSHORE 1 KEYPORT 1976 10 245-260 -13 -13 -13 -1 12 10-19

 25-284 29-01731 402515 741450 MATAWAN BORO WD MATAWAN BORO 3 KEYPORT 1956 90 231-271 -- -- -- 4 -- 10-18

 25-288 29-05351 402349 741232 ABERDEEN TWP MUA MATAWAN MUA 3 KEYPORT 1967 83 345-425 -31 -33 -36 -11 25 10-28

 25-303 29-05164 402106 740810 BAMM HOLLOW COUNTRY CLUB BHCC 1 MARLBORO 1966 70 527-600 -- -- -61 -19 42 11-11

 25-316 29-04299 402536 735905 STATE OF NJ SANDY HOOK SP1 OBS SANDY HOOK 1965 11 371-397 -5 -4 -9 -2 7 10-19

 25-321 -- 402706 735952 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FT HANCOCK 4 SANDY HOOK 1941 5 332-486 -4 -3 -3 -2 1 10-19

 25-322 28-01842 401157 742418 RESTINE, P J RESTINE 1 ROOSEVELT 1956 210 667-697 4 -2 -4 7 11 10-25

 25-333 29-01922 401214 740355 NJ/AMERICAN WC JUMPING BR 5 ASBURY PARK 1956 35 1,010-1,070 -22 -33 -41 -17 24 10-28

 25-351 -- 401323 740156 NJ/AMERICAN WC WHITESVILLE ASBURY PARK -- 18 777 -- -38 -40 -26 14 10-28

 25-358 29-00079 402047 740420 RED BANK WD 1B-1950/RB 4 LONG BRANCH 1950 40 637-687 -29 -33 -37 -19 18 10-20

 25-362 28-02219 401312 742802 ROOSEVELT WD ROOSEVELT 3 ROOSEVELT 1956 198 442-472 28 30 28 39 11 10-26

 25-434 29-05218 400926 740749 STATE OF NJ ALLAIRE S P 3 FARMINGDALE 1967 50 1,000-1,030 -31 -42 -45 -12 33 10-22

 25-436 29-06193 400952 740725 BRISBANE CHILD TREATMENT CTR 1 (OLD 3-1971) ASBURY PARK 1971 60 990-1,030 -26 -41 -43 -17 26 10-19

 25-459 29-09335 402219 740337 NAVESINK, C C 1-78 LONG BRANCH 1978 80 551-612 -23 -24 -25 -15 10 10-20

 25-462 29-05558 402717 740816 KEANSBURG AMUSEMENTS 1-69 KEYPORT 1969 10 200-250 -13 -16 -15 -7 8 10-18

 25-493 29-07784 401231 741127 HOWELL TWP MUA 1-1975/YELLOW BRK WELL FARMINGDALE 1975 115 860 -- -35 -38 -17 21 10-21

 25-513 29-11230 402442 740242 ATLANTIC HIGHLAND WD AHWD 5 SANDY HOOK 1981 20 506-548 -- -- -- -8 -- 10-19

* 25-514 29-12732 402641 740911 INTERNATIONAL FLAVOR FRAGRANCE IFF-2R KEYPORT 1983 14 266-312 -- -- -- -15 -- 10-19

 25-550 29-13610 401258 741629 FREEHOLD TWP WD OBS 9 ADELPHIA 1984 105 636-656 -- -- -39 -12 27 10-20

 25-567 29-15851 402630 741029 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UB WATER TOWER KEYPORT 1986 10 250-270 -- -- -23 -9 14 10-19

* 25-568 29-16343 402652 741100 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY JCP&L KEYPORT 1986 10 245-265 -- -- -12 -2 10 10-20

 25-639 29-18403 401105 741202 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HOWELL TWP5 OBS FARMINGDALE 1988 112 891-901 -- -- -37 -16 21 10-21

* 25-705 28-14142 401518 742227 MANALAPAN TWP WD MANALAPAN 2 FREEHOLD 1984 120 505-636 -- -- -76 -69 7 10-22

 25-724 29-17817 401913 741513 GORDONS CORNERS WC GCWC 9-A RIVER RD FREEHOLD 1987 140 446-551 -- -- -- -21 -- 10-22

 25-726 29-24703 401420 741607 FREEHOLD TWP WD KOENIG LANE T PLANT 13 ADELPHIA 1991 130 584-673 -- -- -- -15 -- 10-20

 25-729 29-21611 401904 740702 NJ/AMERICAN WC SWIMMING R RES TP 2 LONG BRANCH -- 35 575-655 -- -- -- -17 -- 10-28

 29-70 33-01159 395905 740359 NJ/AMERICAN WC MONTEREY 1 SEASIDE PARK 1967 5 1,370-1,490 -21 -28 -26 -22 4 10-25

 29-100 33-00360 395956 740344 NJ/AMERICAN WC NORMANDY 3 SEASIDE PARK 1954 8 1,430-1,480 -18 -27 -24 -21 3 10-25

 29-134 29-03570 400329 741947 JACKSON TWP MUA SCM 1 LAKEHURST 1961 95 846-962 -24 -28 -31 -33 -2 10-26

 29-238 28-08229 400824 742630 JACKSON TWP MUA JACKSON 7 ROOSEVELT 1974 130 584-648 -10 -4 -8 -5 3 10-22

 29-504 29-03142 400210 740310 NJ/AMERICAN WC MANTOLOKING 7 POINT PLEASANT 1960 5 1,260-1,370 -18 -27 -25 -18 7 10-25

 29-531 29-03345 400454 740414 POINT PLEASANT WD PPWD 5 POINT PLEASANT 1960 18 1,260-1,340 -19 -33 -29 -18 11 10-28

 29-577 33-05553 395741 740437 LAVALLETTE WD LWD 5 SEASIDE PARK 1978 7 1,390-1,500 -- -22 -20 -20 0 10-25

 33-74 30-01151 394241 752201 OLDMANS TWP WD 1 (AUBURN W C) WOODSTOWN 1968 80 185-206 -- -- -13 -13 0 11-11

 33-76 30-00661 394328 752446 DAWSON, H W DAWSON 1 PENNS GROVE 1957 27 118-123 -- 0 2 1 -1 11- 8

 33-105 -- 393458 752945 LOVELAND III, S C DILWORTH/LOVELAND (NEW) SALEM 1950 10 263 -- -22 -26 -26 0 11- 9

 33-111 30-01253 393746 752955 PENNSVILLE TWP WD HOOK RD OBS PENNS GROVE 1971 10 190-235 -14 -15 -17 -19 -2 11- 9

 33-253 -- 393348 752755 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SALEM 3 OBS SALEM 1965 3 335-340 -22 -23 -27 -28 -1 11-12

 33-342 -- 394236 752724 STATE OF NJ PENNS GROVE 24 PENNS GROVE 1941 18 46-51 -5 1 -1 -1 0 11-12

* 33-348 -- 394317 752619 STATE OF NJ PENNS GROVE 14 OBS PENNS GROVE 1940 25 18 -- -- -- 18 -- 

 33-355 -- 393914 751930 WOODSTOWN ICE CO C1 WOODSTOWN 1927 58 360 -29 -22 -24 -17 7 11-10

 33-361 30-01815 394205 752700 PENNS GROVE WATER SUPPLY CO SCHULTES 4 PENNS GROVE 1978 13 44-54 -9 -8 -9 -6 3 11-10

 33-671 30-05148 393954 753013 PENNSVILLE TWP WD PTWD 3A WILMINGTON SO 1988 7 87-102 -- -- -5 -3 2 11- 9

 33-686 30-08335 393749 753149 PENNSVILLE TWP WD PTWD 4A RPL WILMINGTON SO 1992 10 110-130 -- -- -- -10 -- 11- 9

 Jd25-09 Jd25-09 393450 753842 TEXACO TEXACO #3A SAINT GEORGES -- 57 114-156 -- -- -7 -9 -2 11-19

 Eb23-22 Eb23-22 393316 754216 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (DEL) LUMS POND A OBS SAINT GEORGES -- 60 101-105 -- -- -- 33 -- 11- 2

 Gd33-05 Gd33-05 392212 753243 DELAWARE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEAKNEVILLE #5 OBS SMYRNA -- 18 627-660 -- -- -8 -11 -3 11-19

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer - SHEET 7 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

PLAI

PERTH AMBOY

ARTHUR KILL

NFIELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

HOPEWELL

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

LAMBERTVILLE

PENNINGTON

PRINCETON

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

South

River

Edison

Sayerville

East

Brunswick

Jamesburg

Old Bridge

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Swimming River

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

Glendola

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

GLOUCESTER

Clayton

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

OUTCROP OF THE MAGOTHY FORMATION–(From U.S. Geological

 Survey, 1967)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. (Modified from

 Martin, in press). Contour interval 20 feet

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Interpreted freshwater-saltwater

 interface (Modified from Pucci, 1994; Schaefer, 1983; Gill and Farlekas, 1976)

10,000-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Simulated freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. Sites marked with a U indicates that the well is screened in

 the undifferentiated part of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system.

 Hydrographs shown in figures 7-4, 7-5, and 7-6

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement. Sites marked with a U indicate

 that the well is screened in the undifferentiated part of the Potomac-Raritan-

 Magothy aquifer system

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level

 measurement. Sites marked with a U indicate that the well is screened in

 the undifferentiated part of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system

Only selected wells listed in table 7-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

29-490U

-29

29-118U

-29

5-683U

-39

20

ELMER

0

-20

-20

80

60

40

20

0

0

0

-20

-20

-20

-40

-60

-40

-60

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

-60

-40

-20

0

-40

-40

-20

0

23-482

10

25-320

-1

25-153

-20

23-206

-31

23-147

-16 23-132

-3

23-1181

-24

23-1160

-13

23-193

-8

23-411

-17

23-430

-9

23-438

-3

23-439

-2

23-441

4

23-70

57

23-57

10

23-106

4 23-97

29

23-329

46

23-506

29

23-273

47

23-9

67

23-16

62

21-22

38

23-552

88

23-291

67

23-306

72

23-229

55

21-12

25

25-230

-14

25-247

-8

25-711

-4

25-55

1

25-634

-22

25-272

-17

25-268

-12

25-495

-3

25-635U

-23

25-509

26

29-581

-17

21-101

38

21-92

2

21-73

47

21-54

40

21-43

8

5-122

-4

5-48

4

5-801

-4

5-87

-9

5-145

2

5-667

-22

5-1089

-25

5-101

5

5-84

-14

5-63

-21

5-637

-33 5-634

-64

5-114

-13

5-214

-12

5-206

-29

5-440

-35

5-436

-42

5-340

-32

5-726

-36

5-336

-63 5-332U

-51

29-576U

-35

29-132U

-20

29-118U

-29

29-440U

-29 29-588U

-34

29-47U

-45

29-490U

-29 29-85U

-30

29-626U

-23

5-261

-62

5-290

-60

5-385

-70

5-388U

-50 5-126

-16 5-273

-33

5-232

-35

5-304

-68

5-749

7-726 -73

-70

7-135

-81

7-124

-85

7-564

-5

7-48

-18

7-329

-29

7-534

-45

7-304

-75

7-284

-69

PH-5

-4

15-359

0 15-679

-7

15-348

-10

15-713

-7

15-620

5

15-616

-8

15-585

1

15-140

-11

15-569

-9

15-771

-3

15-279

-26

15-415

-42

15-431

-39

15-1036

-63

15-374

-63

7-733

-82

15-24

-39

7-186

-89 7-413

-85

5-683U

-39

29-19U

-10

7-476U

-58

15-236

-12

33-198

-26

33-158

-22

33-71

-24

33-119

-44

Dc34-06

-28

Eb23-24

-33

059128

-29

88-303

-20

33-106

-31

33-251

-32

11-221U

-37

11-137U

-31

33-364U

-75

15-97

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 0

100

20

40

60

80

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

Southern Coastal Plain counties

Northern Coastal Plain counties

Total

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75°30' 75°00' 74°30' 74°00'

40°

30'

40°

00'

39°

30'

39°

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-100

90

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 23-97

Well 23-229

Well 23-273

Well 23-291

Well 23-439

Well 23-482

Well 25-272

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-100

10

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 5-101

Well 15-97

15-713

Well 5-63

Well 15-279

Well 33-251

Well 5-440

Well 5-261

Well 7-413

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-60

10

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 29-19

Well 25-635 Well 29-85

Well 5-683

Well 11-137

Well 7-476

Figure 7-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 7-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer, 1992.

Figure 7-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer in northern counties of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1978-94.

Figure 7-5. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer in southern counties of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1978-94.

Figure 7-6. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the undifferentiated part of 

the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1978-94.

Figure 7-3. Potentiometric surface of the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1993.

Middle and Undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy Aquifer

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Water withdrawal in the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer increased from 

about 84 Mgal/d in 1978 to 88 Mgal/d in 1994 (fig. 7-1). The four major withdrawal centers are (1) southern 

Middlesex-northern Monmouth County area, (2) southern Monmouth-northern Ocean County area, (3) BurlingtonCamden-Gloucester County area, and (4) Salem and New Castle County area (fig. 7-2). Water withdrawal in the 

two northern withdrawal areas decreased from about 32 Mgal/d to 20 Mgal/d during 1978-94. Water withdrawal in 

the two southern New Jersey areas increased from about 53 to 66 Mgal/d during 1978-94. The location of the 

250-mg/L isochlor (fig. 7-3) is modified from Pucci and others (1994), Schaefer (1983), and Gill and Farlekas 

(1976). The location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was estimated by use of the saltwater model of the aquifers of the 

New Jersey Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope and A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993). This is 

the simulated location of water that is about one-half freshwater and one-half seawater.

Water Levels

Water-level measurements for 156 wells screened in the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-RaritanMagothy aquifer are listed in table 7-1 (reverse side of sheet 7). The water levels in these wells were used to define 

the 1993 potentiometric surface shown in figure 7-3. Maps of simulated water levels by Martin (in press, fig. 43) 

and A.D. Gordon (U.S. Geological Survey written commun., 1992) were adapted to close the contours in the 

eastern part of the study area. The water-level map shows a regional, elongated cone of depression in the Coastal 

Plain in which water levels are below sea level. The regional cone of depression extends from Raritan Bay to New 

Castle County, Del., and can be divided, from north to south, into four subregional cones of depression: (1) 

Middlesex-western Monmouth County area, minimum water-level altitude about -30 ft; (2) southern Monmouthnorthern Ocean County area, minimum water-level altitude about 45 ft; (3) Burlington-northern Gloucester County 

area with a local cone of depression north of Browns Mills, minimum water-level altitude about -63 ft and a larger 

local cone of depression in central Camden County, minimum water-level altitude about -90 ft; and (4) Salem-New 

Castle County area, minimum water-level altitude -75 ft. The maximum water-level altitude measured during the 

1993 synoptic study was +88 ft in well 23-552 north of Hightstown. 

The water level in well 11-137 was converted from a measured altitude of -53 ft to a freshwater 

equivalent altitude of -37 ft because salty water in the well has a density of 1.011 grams per cubic centimeter (table 

7-1). The conversion equation follows a modification of the Ghyben-Herzberg relation (Todd, 1980) to determine 

the equivalent length of freshwater in a well filled with saltwater:

 l

f

 = (ρs/ρf) ls,

where lf is length of freshwater in the well casing, ρs is the density of salty water, ρf is the density of freshwater, 

and ls is the length of salty water in the well casing. Ground water flows down pressure gradients; for example, 

from high water levels to low water levels, as in a cone of depression. Ground water also flows down density 

gradients; for example, from areas of high-density saltwater to low-density freshwater. 

Water-level changes during 1988-93 were calculated for 140 wells. Water levels declined 1 to 13 ft in 33 

wells, rose from 1 to 96 ft in 93 wells, and remained the same in 14 wells. Water levels declined more than 10 ft 

only in production well 33-364 (13-ft decline) in southern Salem County; otherwise, water levels declined only 1 

to 9 ft. In the greater Camden County area, water levels rose 10 to 13 ft in four wells near Woodbury. In 

Middlesex, Monmouth, and Ocean Counties, water levels increased from 10 to 96 ft in 35 wells between the 1988 

and 1993 water-level measurements. In the southern Middlesex-northern Monmouth County area, water levels rose 

as much as 96 ft in the wells that were measured in 1988 and 1993. In the southeastern Monmouth-northern Ocean 

County area, water levels rose as much as 39 ft in the wells measured in 1988 and 1993. These increases are the 

result of the NJDEP mandate to restrict withdrawal of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system and substitute 

water withdrawal from surface-water supplies or other sources of water (General Water Supply Management 

Regulations, Water Supply Management Act, N.J.S.A. paragraph 7:19-6 to 19-13). The fairly static water levels 

during 1988-93 in the greater Camden County area are the result of the NJDEP attempt to stabilize water levels in 

this area by encouraging conservation and encouraging withdrawal from shallower aquifers (Richard Kropp, N.J. 

Department of Environmental Protection, written commun., 1992).

Water-level hydrographs for seven observation wells in the northern counties (Monmouth, Middlesex and 

Ocean Counties) indicate annual and seasonal fluctuations, reflecting the response of the potentiometric surface to 

ground-water withdrawals and recovery (fig. 7-4). Hydrographs for wells 23-291, 23-229, and 23-273, in the 

outcrop of the aquifer in the Old Bridge-South River area, indicate fairly constant water levels during 1978-94. 

Hydrographs for wells 23-97 and 23-482 indicate that water levels increased 10 to 12 ft during 1978-84 and 

remained static during 1985-94. Hydrographs for well 23-439 and 25-272 show increasing water levels during 

1980-83, decreasing water levels during 1983-90, and increasing water levels during 1991-94. The increase was 

greatest after mid-1990, when the Manasquan Reservoir began supplying surface water and the water users 

decreased withdrawals from this and other confined aquifers.

The water-level hydrographs from nine observation wells in the southern counties (Salem, Gloucester, 

Camden, and Burlington) show annual and seasonal fluctuations that reflect the response of the potentiometric 

surface to ground-water withdrawals and recovery (fig. 7-5). Water levels in most of the observation wells declined 

during 1978-94 except for well 5-101 in which water levels were static. Hydrographs for the wells in the southern 

counties show water-level declines of about 5 to 15 ft during 1978-88 and declines of 1 to 3 ft during 1988-94. The 

seasonal water-level fluctuations were greatest in wells 7-413 and 5-261 and ranged from 3 to 15 ft/yr. These wells 

are near the center of the cone of depression and distant from the outcrop/recharge area. Water levels in well 

33-251 declined during 1978-94 but did not fluctuate annually because the well is far from the cone of depression.

Water-level hydrographs for six observation wells in the undifferentiated part of the Potomac-RaritanMagothy aquifer system show annual and seasonal fluctuation in the downdip part of the aquifer system (fig. 7-6). 

Water levels in this part of the aquifer system in the northern part of the Coastal Plain declined during 1978-87, 

then rose during 1988-94. This trend is similar to the trend of water levels for the Middle Potomac-RaritanMagothy aquifer in the northern counties. Water levels in the southern Coastal Plain (fig. 7-5) reflect the general 

decline in water levels that also occurred in the Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer in the region.

The center of the cone of depression in the northern Middlesex-western Monmouth County area is about 80 ft 

shallower in 1993 than it was in 1988. The most obvious difference is that the -80-, -60-, and -40-ft contours are 

absent and the -20-ft contour is present only in the Keyport and South Amboy areas. The center of the cone in the 

southeastern Monmouth-northern Ocean County area is about 20 ft shallower. The -60-ft contour line is absent, and 

the -40-ft contour encircles only well 29-47.

The cone of depression in the greater Camden County area is more elongated in 1993 than it was in 1988. 

The -60-ft contour is more elongated and encompasses much of central Gloucester County. The -80-ft contour 

encompasses a larger area. The Salem-New Castle County area cone of depression has remained in virtually the 

same configuration, except that the local cone of depression near the Salem Power plant may have expanded and 

become deeper. 

In summary, water levels in the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer rose in the 

northern Coastal Plain as a result of decreased ground-water withdrawals. Water levels in the southern Coastal 

Plain declined during 1988-93 but to a much smaller extent than during the previous 5 years.
Table 7-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Middle and undifferentiated Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1978-93

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 7-3; --, data not available; #, well in the undifferentiated part of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system; ft, feet;

BORO, Borough; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department; TWP, Township; WC, Water Company; NJ, New Jersey; DEL, Delware; CO, Company; CORP, Corporation;

DEPT, Department; DEP, Department of Environmental Protection; SERV, Service; WMC, Water Commission]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 5-48 -- 400800 744309 STATE OF NJ - DEFENSE DEPT NAT GUARD 1 TRENTON EAST 1952 83 230 2 4 0 4 4 10-21

 5-63 -- 400213 745108 WILLINGBORO MUA WILLINGBORO 1 OBS BRISTOL 1965 45 284-294 -16 -16 -21 -21 0 10-29

 5-84 -- 400342 744948 MASONIC HOME MASONIC 1 BRISTOL 1921 60 174-194 8 -10 -16 -14 2 11- 4

 5-87 27-03694 400407 745246 TENNECO CHEMICALS TENNECO 5-OBS BEVERLY 1961 14 50-60 -- -8 -13 -9 4 10-25

 5-101 -- 400543 744948 HERCULES POWDER HERCULES 3 OBS BRISTOL 1945 19 94-104 1 2 2 5 3 11- 3

 5-114 28-02901 400606 743923 DEMARCO, RALPH DEMARCO COLUMBUS 1958 85 388-392 -7 -8 -12 -13 -1 10-22

 5-122 28-05042 400941 744017 STATE OF NJ - REFORMATORY NJSR 5 TRENTON EAST 1964 75 337-367 4 0 -1 -4 -3 10-27

 5-126 31-04276 395929 745922 NJ/AMERICAN WC DVWC 12-POMONA MOORESTOWN 1961 73 157-196 -8 -17 -16 -16 0 11- 5

* 5-127 31-04697 395938 745810 NJ/AMERICAN WC RIVERTON 14 MOORESTOWN 1964 35 179-229 -13 -17 -20 -21 -1 11- 5

* 5-145 27-02821 400110 745713 HOLY CROSS HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL BEVERLY 1958 70 154-174 2 1 -3 2 5 10-28

* 5-147 27-05202 400126 745647 NJ/AMERICAN WC FAIRVIEW ST BEVERLY 1970 83 180-235 -1 1 -2 1 3 11- 5

* 5-182 27-04411 400722 744918 GRIFFIN PIPE CO GRIFFIN A BRISTOL 1964 26 92-113 -- -- -7 6 13 11- 4

 5-206 28-03595 400325 744456 CARTY, RONALD RALPH PARKER COLUMBUS 1959 62 370-380 -24 -25 -23 -29 -6 11- 2

 5-214 -- 400531 744430 WALDER, THOMAS 1 COLUMBUS -- 60 319 -10 -- -13 -12 1 11- 8

 5-232 31-06020 395727 745915 MAPLE SHADE WD MSWD 8 MOORESTOWN 1972 20 210-270 -29 -35 -33 -35 -2 11- 5

 5-261 -- 395525 745025 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MEDFORD 5 OBS MOUNT HOLLY 1967 73 740-750 -48 -58 -61 -62 -1 10-29

* 5-268 -- 395751 745832 MARLAC ELECTRONICS LAYNE 1 MOORESTOWN 1960 70 288 -30 -35 -39 -38 1 11- 3

 5-273 31-04770 395835 745643 MOORESTOWN FIELD CLUB FIELD CLUB 1 MOORESTOWN 1964 70 274-302 -27 -29 -32 -33 -1 11- 3

 5-290 31-06674 395936 744655 MOUNT HOLLY WC MHWC 6 MOUNT HOLLY 1973 15 545-615 -55 -57 -63 -60 3 11- 3

* 5-297 31-01610 395525 745416 RUDDEROW, J E SPRING VALLEY MOORESTOWN 1954 48 441-457 -- -- -71 -69 2 11- 1

 5-304 31-04793 395608 745644 MOUNT LAUREL MUA MLWC 2 MOORESTOWN 1965 20 362-399 -54 -63 -64 -68 -4 11- 1

#* 5-330 52-00008 395949 743655 US ARMY FORT DIX 4 BROWNS MILLS 1943 140 1,060-1,090 -49 -51 -65 -65 0 10-28

# 5-332 48-00269 400106 743720 US ARMY FORT DIX 5 NEW EGYPT 1969 150 1,060-1,100 -39 -42 -52 -51 1 10-28

 5-336 28-00795 400150 743428 US AIR FORCE MCGUIRE C NEW EGYPT 1953 102 1,040-1,090 -- -- -58 -63 -5 10-27

 5-340 28-03943 400300 743514 US AIR FORCE MCGUIRE B NEW EGYPT 1960 130 780-835 -32 -30 -34 -32 2 10-27

 5-385 32-03778 395839 744249 SYBRON CHEMICAL IONAC CHEM 5 PEMBERTON 1977 30 747-823 -- -52 -61 -70 -9 10-29

# 5-388 52-00009 395939 743742 US ARMY FORT DIX 6 PEMBERTON 1970 160 1,090-1,140 -42 -47 -62 -50 12 10-28

 5-436 -- 400118 744010 HELIS, WM G STOCK FARM 1 COLUMBUS 1928 96 757-800 -- -- -51 -42 9 10-22

 5-440 28-05128 400242 744223 RHODIA CORP RHODIA 1 OBS COLUMBUS 1964 72 603-613 -29 -29 -36 -35 1 10-26

 5-634 47-00001 400041 744809 MOUNT HOLLY WC MHWC 5 BRISTOL 1965 55 516 -56 -58 -60 -64 -4 11- 3

 5-637 27-04710 400107 745058 CAMPBELL SOUP CO RANCOCAS #1 BRISTOL 1966 50 316-336 -- -- -- -33 -- 11- 4

* 5-649 27-03066 400122 745308 WILLINGBORO MUA WMUA 6 BEVERLY 1959 39 363 -15 -22 -32 -23 9 10-29

 5-667 27-02723 400250 745321 WILLINGBORO MUA WMUA 5 BEVERLY 1958 39 230-256 -11 -16 -17 -22 -5 10-29

# 5-683 -- 395122 743017 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BUTLER PLACE 1 OBS CHATSWORTH 1964 141 2,100-2,120 -30 -34 -42 -39 3 10-26

 5-726 28-08443 400213 743653 WRIGHTSTOWN MUA WMUA 3 NEW EGYPT 1974 140 692-726 -- -- -41 -36 5 10-25

 5-749 31-07140 395508 745539 RAMBLEWOOD COUNTRY CLUB 3 TEE MOORESTOWN -- 75 425 -60 -69 -75 -73 2 11- 1

* 5-751 31-07139 395546 745622 RAMBLEWOOD COUNTRY CLUB 2 TEE MOORESTOWN -- 20 325 -55 -64 -69 -58 11 11- 1

 5-801 27-06877 400020 750114 TEXACO CO OW 10 FRANKFORD 1980 20 5-25 -- 0 -1 -4 -3 10-26

 5-1089 27-08534 400201 745307 WILLINGBORO MUA WMUA 10 BEVERLY 1986 19 176-250 -- -- -- -25 -- 10-29

* 5-1158 28-28844 400316 744334 COLUMBUS FARMERS MARKET COLUMBUS FM 1992 DEEP COLUMBUS 1992 45 450-460 -- -- -- -28 -- 10-25

 5-1184 27-12174 400701 744833 FLORENCE TWP WD FTWD OBS 1 BRISTOL 1992 30 110-120 -- -- -- 2 -- 11- 4

 7-48 31-00013 395527 750646 CAMDEN CITY WD CITY 6N CAMDEN 1948 14 111-135 -26 -26 -20 -18 2 11- 1

 7-124 31-07020 395252 745943 NJ/AMERICAN WC BROWNING 45 MOORESTOWN 1973 77 483-626 -77 -84 -92 -85 7 11- 4

 7-135 31-05218 395353 745708 NJ/AMERICAN WC OLD ORCHARD 38 MOORESTOWN 1968 72 443-493 -- -- -73 -81 -8 11- 3

* 7-142 31-04098 395438 750107 NJ/AMERICAN WC ELLISBURG 23 CAMDEN 1960 32 321-378 -- -- -66 -64 2 11- 3

 7-186 -- 394950 745855 NJ/AMERICAN WC GIBBSBORO OB 3 CLEMENTON 1969 70 680 -77 -84 -88 -89 -1 11- 4

 7-284 31-05054 395247 750432 NJ/AMERICAN WC EGGBERT 35 CAMDEN 1967 22 484 -- -- -74 -69 5 11- 4

 7-304 31-05108 395404 750202 HADDONFIELD WD LAKE ST WELL CAMDEN 1967 50 307-372 -- -- -72 -75 -3 10-26

 7-329 31-04836 395628 750406 MERCANTVILLE PENNSAUKEN WCM BROWNING 2A/BROWNING 1 CAMDEN 1965 16 110-140 -36 -31 -34 -29 5 10-27

 7-413 31-04561 394922 745630 NJ/AMERICAN WC ELM TREE 3 OBS CLEMENTON 1963 149 706-717 -69 -78 -82 -85 -3 11- 1

# 7-476 -- 394215 745617 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW BROOKLYN PARK 1 OBS WILLIAMSTOWN 1960 111 1,490-1,500 -46 -53 -57 -58 -1 11- 1

 7-534 -- 395553 750207 GARDEN STATE RACE TRACK 2 CAMDEN -- 40 -- - -- -- -48 -49 -45 4 11- 1

 7-564 -- 395712 750612 STATE OF NJ - DEP HARRISON 4 CAMDEN 1980 15 15-35 -- -12 -12 -5 7 10-28

 7-726 31-31111 395455 745924 NJ/AMERICAN WC RANOLDO TERR KINGSTON 59 MOORESTOWN 1989 40 276-422 -- -- -- -70 -- 11- 4

 7-733 31-40817 395127 750233 NJ/AMERICAN WC HIGHLAND & WALNUT OW-64 RUNNEMEDE 1993 75 452-535 -- -- -- -82 -- 11- 1

# 11-137 -- 392514 745217 DE ROSA, SAM RAGOVIN 2100 OBS DOROTHY 1964 85 2,080-2,090 -37 -43 -49 -53 -4 11- 9

 -- (freshwater equivalent heads) -16 -22 -28 -31 -3 -

# 11-221 35-14298 393124 745527 BUENA BORO MUA SEWER PLANT INJ 1 BUENA 1993 100 1,530-1,980 -- -- -- -37 -- 12-9

 15-24 31-05513 395115 750706 DEPTFORD TWP MUA DTMUA 4 RUNNEMEDE 1971 40 282-345 -48 -50 -46 -39 7 11-10

* 15-135 30-01314 394516 752241 SHELL OIL CO OBS WELL 8A MARCUS HOOK 1972 7 130-180 -- 4 3 -2 -5 11- 9

 15-140 30-01248 394608 752135 PURELAND WC TEST WELL 4 BRIDGEPORT 1970 6 132-184 -- 1 -2 -11 -9 11- 9

* 15-213 30-00602 394947 751416 PAULSBORO WD PWD 5 WOODBURY 1957 10 135-175 -10 -10 -10 -10 0 11- 5

 15-236 30-01177 394434 751843 SWEDESBORO WD SBWD 3 WOODSTOWN 1969 75 241-312 -21 -20 -22 -12 10 11-10

 15-279 30-00916 394857 751250 HUNTSMAN POLYPROPYLENE CORP SHELL OBS7 WOODBURY 1962 17 315-320 -- -24 -26 -26 0 11- 8

 15-348 30-01776 394910 751541 GREENWICH TWP WD GTWD 6 BRIDGEPORT 1978 20 105-135 -9 -10 -11 -10 1 11- 5

 15-359 -- 395015 751727 E I DUPONT C POWER 22 BRIDGEPORT -- 5 103 1 2 0 0 0 11-10

 15-374 31-13385 394843 750728 DEPTFORD TWP MUA DTMUA 6 RUNNEMEDE 1979 50 430-486 -- -65 -63 -63 0 11-10

 15-415 31-14478 394834 751044 WEST DEPTFORD TWP WD TEST 8-79 WOODBURY 1979 40 287-307 -- -42 -39 -42 -3 11- 3

 15-431 33-07973 395034 750842 WOODBURY WD RED BANK 6 WOODBURY 1980 30 211-305 -- -46 -- -39 -- 11- 3

* 15-450 30-02026 394750 752331 MONSANTO CHEMICALS 10D MARCUS HOOK 1979 13 60-65 -- -- -- -12 -- -

 15-569 30-02405 394529 752045 PURELAND WC PWC 3 BRIDGEPORT 1981 32 161-201 -- -- -12 -9 3 11- 5

 15-585 30-02522 394704 752058 ROLLINS ENVIRONMENTAL SERV DP5 BRIDGEPORT 1981 8 79-89 -- -- -1 1 2 11- 9

* 15-586 30-02539 394720 752052 ROLLINS ENVIRONMENTAL SERV DP4 BRIDGEPORT 1981 12 95-125 -- -- 2 2 0 11- 9

 15-616 -- 394637 751916 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SHIVELER MIDDLE BRIDGEPORT 1985 31 230-240 -- -- -8 -8 0 11- 5

 15-620 30-03677 394804 751933 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GAVENTA MIDDLE 1 BRIDGEPORT 1985 7 131-141 -- -- 2 5 3 11-11

 15-679 30-03624 394946 751612 MOBIL OIL CO W-5D BRIDGEPORT 1985 10 118-128 -- -- -3 -7 -4 11- 9

* 15-713 30-04348 394808 751724 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STEFKA 2 OBS BRIDGEPORT 1986 6 125-155 -- -- -8 -7 1 11- 3

 15-727 30-04548 394808 751724 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STEFKA 3 OBS BRIDGEPORT 1987 5 194-204 -- -- -8 -8 0 11- 3

 15-771 31-26243 395202 751115 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL PARK #2-PW-M WOODBURY 1987 10 92-123 -- -- -6 -3 3 11- 1

* 15-780 31-26244 395223 751117 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL PK #10-OW-BM WOODBURY 1987 5 75-85 -- -- 1 -5 -6 11- 2

 15-1036 31-22504 394733 750812 DEPTFORD TWP MUA DTMUA 7 WOODBURY 1985 60 259-319 -- -- -- -63 -- 11- 1

 21-12 28-07034 401536 742920 EAST WINDSOR MUA 6 TWIN RIVERS JAMESBURG 1971 115 520-560 28 27 23 25 2 10-26

 21-22 28-05440 401702 743106 EAST WINDSOR MUA EWMUA 3 HIGHTSTOWN 1965 100 337-367 47 42 32 38 6 10-26

* 21-25 -- 401717 743352 CARTER WALLACE KENTILE 1 HIGHTSTOWN 1954 100 205-226 65 64 67 64 -3 10-19

* 21-26 28-04935 401725 743159 EAST WINDSOR MUA EWMUA 2 HIGHTSTOWN 1964 100 260-290 -- 72 65 70 5 10-26

 21-43 28-05409 401103 744155 BORDENTOWN WD WHITE HORSE 2 TRENTON EAST 1965 10 118-138 -4 6 8 8 0 10-22

 21-54 28-04602 401305 743921 GARDEN STATE WC ROBERT FROST 10 TRENTON EAST 1962 85 194-243 -- -- 38 40 2 10-22

 21-73 28-02927 401419 744007 GARDEN STATE WC PAXSON AVE 9 TRENTON EAST 1958 80 128-144 -- -- 42 47 5 10-22

 21-92 28-04078 401152 744528 CHAMPALE YARD WELL TRENTON WEST 1961 27 70-80 -1 2 3 2 -1 11- 3

 21-101 28-06030 401238 743448 PRINCETON MEMORIAL PARK MEMORIAL PK1 ALLENTOWN 1966 135 366-421 30 36 35 38 3 10-22

 23-9 28-00180 401800 743206 DANSER, FRANK IRR-1950 HIGHTSTOWN 1950 100 250-280 71 67 64 67 3 10-20

 23-16 28-07800 401842 743055 CRANBURY TWP WD CTWD 1A HIGHTSTOWN 1972 95 230-260 66 61 58 62 4 10-22

 23-57 28-01202 402441 742448 EAST BRUNSWICK TWP WD COLONIAL OAKS NEW BRUNSWICK 1954 122 216-241 -28 -21 -20 10 30 10-22

 23-70 -- 402555 742719 WEISS, ABE FISCHER OBS NEW BRUNSWICK 1936 73 0-21 57 56 56 57 1 10-21

 23-97 -- 402247 742503 DUHERNAL WC DUHRNL OBS 49F NEW BRUNSWICK 1946 39 236-301 2 2 6 29 23 10-19

 23-106 -- 402251 742248 DUHERNAL WC DUHRNL OBS 32 NEW BRUNSWICK 1944 27 132 -- -- -- 4 -- 10-19

* 23-114 -- 402319 742246 DUHERNAL WC DUHRNL OBS 52F NEW BRUNSWICK 1945 26 225-237 -33 -30 -30 4 34 10-19

 23-132 -- 402335 742136 DUHERNAL WC DUHRNL OBS 56F SOUTH AMBOY 1947 25 262-267 -44 -38 -36 -3 33 10-19

 23-147 29-04998 402350 741840 OLD BRIDGE MUA BROWNTOWN 4 SOUTH AMBOY 1966 80 425-475 -- -79 -65 -16 49 10-18

* 23-171 48-00208 402404 742204 DUHERNAL WC DUHERNAL BF SOUTH AMBOY 1946 20 240-300 -53 -44 -44 -8 36 10-19

* 23-176 29-06429 402407 741924 OLD BRIDGE MUA OBS 1-1972 SOUTH AMBOY 1972 45 321-363 -61 -53 -66 -14 52 10-18

* 23-179 29-06430 402436 742041 OLD BRIDGE MUA OBS 2-1972 SOUTH AMBOY 1972 10 250-292 -61 -50 -62 -12 50 10-18

 23-194 -- 402536 742018 PERTH AMBOY WD RUNYON 1 OBS SOUTH AMBOY 1930 18 201-281 -76 -46 -59 -8 51 10-22

 23-206 29-00768 402700 741454 OLD BRIDGE MUA LAWRENCE HAR 9 KEYPORT 1953 60 360-395 -75 -78 -86 -31 55 10-18

 23-229 28-04252 402015 742757 MONROE TWP MUA FORSGATE 4 OBS JAMESBURG 1961 147 319-330 58 51 48 55 7 10-22

* 23-240 28-04090 402051 742746 MONROE TWP MUA 12-1961 JAMESBURG 1961 140 305-353 58 46 40 49 9 10-18

 23-273 -- 401932 743529 STATE OF NJ PLAINSBORO POND OBS HIGHTSTOWN 1970 76 70-75 -- -- -- 47 -- 10-22

 23-291 28-04249 402109 743013 MONROE TWP MUA FORSGATE 1 OBS HIGHTSTOWN 1961 107 192-203 73 65 64 67 3 10-22

 23-306 28-06538 402147 742847 PHELPS DODGE CO PHELPS DODGE 3 JAMESBURG 1968 120 201-207 75 69 69 72 3 10-19

 23-329 28-09567 402315 742652 DEY BROTHERS 2 NEW BRUNSWICK 1955 115 215-248 35 34 33 46 13 10-21

* 23-365 -- 402633 742120 DUHERNAL WC DUH SAY 4 OBS SOUTH AMBOY 1931 6 148-160 -53 -43 -51 -9 42 10-22

* 23-380 -- 402659 742020 HERCULES POWDER HERCULES 2 SOUTH AMBOY 1927 48 184-237 -56 -43 -37 -5 32 11- 9

 23-411 46-00144 402822 741630 SOUTH AMBOY WD SAWD 8 SOUTH AMBOY 1947 10 209-234 -68 -69 -69 -17 52 10-20

 23-430 26-04485 402923 741651 JERSEY CENTRAL POWER & LIGHT 7-1972 SOUTH AMBOY 1972 12 135-165 -40 -41 -42 -9 33 10-19

 23-438 28-09722 402559 742142 SOUTH RIVER WD SRWD 5 SOUTH AMBOY 1977 20 132-182 -49 -38 -46 -3 43 10-19

* 23-439 28-05987 402633 742200 SOUTH RIVER WD SRWD 2 OBS SOUTH AMBOY 1967 21 121-126 -40 -32 -38 -2 36 10-22

 23-441 -- 402742 742309 HERBERT SAND CO HSC 3 NEW BRUNSWICK 1964 6 49-52 2 1 1 4 3 10-21

 23-482 -- 403242 741617 AMERICAN CYANAMID CO TEST 1 OBS PERTH AMBOY -- 11 44-76 -3 9 10 10 0 10-19

 23-506 28-03020 402358 742612 SMITH, LAWRENCE 3-1958 NEW BRUNSWICK 1958 120 213-223 -- -- 9 29 20 10-21

 23-552 28-10991 402018 743021 SOUTH BRUNSWICK MUA SBMUA 15 HIGHTSTOWN 1979 105 116-166 -- -- 59 88 29 10-19

 23-1160 28-20882 402720 741950 E I DUPONT FW-2 SOUTH AMBOY 1988 86 210-230 -- -- -54 -13 41 10-21

 23-1181 29-19615 402742 741906 E I DUPONT PM-2D PARLIN PLANT SOUTH AMBOY 1987 108 127-137 -- -- -- -24 -- 11-10

 25-153 29-05942 402444 741010 SHORELANDS WC W KEANSBURG 4 KEYPORT 1970 65 635-690 -47 -70 -116 -20 96 10-19

 25-230 29-06353 402004 741853 GORDONS CORNERS WC GORDONS 5 FREEHOLD 1972 125 580-670 -41 -36 -49 -14 35 10-21

 25-247 29-04285 401902 741811 GORDONS CORNERS WC GORDONS 2 FREEHOLD 1964 146 762-832 -26 -34 -48 -8 40 10-22

 25-268 29-06361 402117 741511 MARLBORO TWP MUA 2-PROD FREEHOLD 1972 114 632-698 -40 -50 -64 -12 52 10-26

 25-272 29-06527 402208 741452 MARLBORO TWP MUA MARLBORO 1 OBS MARLBORO 1972 117 670-680 -44 -55 -73 -17 56 10-19

 25-320 -- 402705 735959 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FT HANCOCK 5A SANDY HOOK 1970 14 838-878 -4 -8 -10 -1 9 10-19

 25-495 -- 401850 740301 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DGE TC-40 LONG BRANCH -- 10 1,000 -- -- -11 -3 8 10-19

 25-509 28-12280 401315 742810 ROOSEVELT WD ROOSEVELT 4 ROOSEVELT -- 170 390-430 -- 29 17 26 9 10-26

 25-634 29-16237 401520 741712 FREEHOLD ASSOCIATES FREEHOLD RACEWAY 1 FREEHOLD 1985 170 877-914 -- -- -- -22 -- 11-10

# 25-635 29-18402 401105 741202 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HOWELL TWP 1 OBS FARMINGDALE 1987 111 1,230-1,330 -- -- -39 -23 16 10-21

 25-711 29-14303 401743 741902 GORDONS CORNERS WC GORDONS 12 FREEHOLD 1986 90 649-756 -- -- 0 -4 -4 10-22

 25-728 28-21488 401752 742126 ENGLISHTOWN BORO WD ENGLISHTOWN 3 FREEHOLD 1988 70 541-621 -- -- -- -1 -- 10-20

# 29-19 -- 394829 740535 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ISLAND BEACH 3 OBS BARNEGAT LIGHT 1962 9 2,740-2,760 -- -6 -11 -10 1 10-25

# 29-47 29-06841 400433 740833 BRICK TWP MUA OBS 1 LAKEWOOD 1973 8 1,710-1,750 -36 -41 -65 -45 20 10-28

# 29-85 -- 395929 741420 CIBA-GEIGY CORP TOMS RIVER 84 OBS TOMS RIVER 1968 67 1,460-1,480 -23 -29 -40 -30 10 11- 2

# 29-118 29-04322 400200 742110 LAKEHURST NAVAL AIR STATION LAKE NAS32 LAKEHURST 1964 96 1,400-1,580 -23 -28 -42 -29 13 10-29

# 29-132 29-03726 400319 741957 JACKSON TWP MUA SCM 3 LAKEHURST 1962 95 1,610-1,730 -33 -37 -51 -20 31 10-26

# 29-440 29-06549 400504 741324 NJ/AMERICAN WC LAKEWOOD 10 LAKEWOOD 1972 72 1,360-1,600 -20 -31 -44 -29 15 10-27

# 29-490 33-01343 395901 742017 AMERICAN SMELTING & REFINING 2 KESWICK GROVE 1972 89 1,440-1,640 -41 -29 -44 -29 15 10-27

# 29-576 29-08936 400653 741717 JACKSON TWP MUA JACKSON 8 LAKEHURST 1977 135 1,280-1,460 -32 -35 -48 -35 13 10-22

 29-581 48-00056 400821 742630 JACKSON TWP MUA JACKSON TWP 10 ROOSEVELT -- 130 876-976 -1 -16 -26 -17 9 10-22

# 29-588 29-09259 400435 741105 LAKEWOOD TWP MUA S LAKEWOOD 7 LAKEWOOD 1978 70 1,410-1,620 -- -27 -56 -34 22 10-27

# 29-626 33-10224 395721 741230 TOMS RIVER WC TRWC 30 TOMS RIVER -- 9 1,700-1,880 -- -23 -34 -23 11 10-27

 33-71 30-00196 394151 752407 STATE OF NJ - TURNPIKE AUTH 1S-2 PENNS GROVE 1953 38 344 -- -- -- -24 -- 11-15

 33-106 -- 393514 752917 LINSKI, ALEX 1 SALEM 1962 5 359-365 -- -- -30 -31 -1 11-10

 33-119 30-00018 394009 753043 PENNSVILLE TWP WD PTWD 2 WILMINGTON S0 1949 7 210-230 -46 -39 -43 -44 -1 11- 9

 33-158 30-00763 393848 752010 ACME MARKETS CO ACME 1 WOODSTOWN 1960 62 562-575 -- -- -25 -22 3 11-10

 33-198 30-01383 394117 752207 DUBOICE, MAURICE IRR 74 WOODSTOWN 1974 51 337-362 -21 -23 -25 -26 -1 11-11

 33-251 -- 393348 752755 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SALEM 1 OBS SALEM 1965 3 699-709 -27 -28 -32 -32 0 11-12

# 33-364 34-01031 392743 753158 PUBLIC SERVICE ELECTRIC & GAS PW 5 TAYLORS BRIDGE 1974 17 765-840 -78 -66 -62 -75 -13 11-10

 88-303 -- 393620 753309 US ARMY HOUSE WELL #1 DELAWARE CITY -- 10 -- - -- -- -- -- -20 -- 11-15

 059128 059128 393548 753740 TEXACO TEXACO #27 SAINT GEORGES -- 30 202-212 -- -- -28 -29 -1 11- 4

 Eb23-24 EB23-24 393316 754216 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (DEL) LUMS POND C OBS SAINT GEORGES -- 60 432-436 -- -- -34 -33 1 11- 2

 Dc34-06 DC34-06 393755 753648 DEL NATIONAL GUARD NAT GUARD #2 WILMINGTON SO -- 28 90-100 -- -- -28 -28 0 11-10

 PH-5 -- 395342 751021 U S NAVY PH 12 PHILADELPHIA 1944 8 101 -- -- -7 -4 3 11- 3

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.
WATER LEVELS IN, EXTENT OF FRESHWATER IN, AND WATER WITHDRAWAL FROM 

EIGHT MAJOR CONFINED AQUIFERS, NEW JERSEY COASTAL PLAIN, 1993

by

Pierre J. Lacombe and Robert Rosman

1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE

NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

WATER-RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 96-4206

Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer - SHEET 8 OF 8

Lacombe, P.L., and Rosman, Robert, 1997, Water levels in, extent of freshwater in, and water withdrawal

 from eight major confined aquifers, New Jersey Coastal Plain, 1993

Figure 8-3. Potentiometric surface of the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1993.

CONEY ISLAND

THE NARROWS

PLAI

PERTH AMBOY

ARTHUR KILL

NFIELD

BOUND BROOK

RARITAN

RIEGELSVILLE

FRENCHTOWN

FLEMINGTON

PITTSTOWN

SANDY HOOK

KEYPORT

SOUTH AMBOY

NEW BRUNSWICK

MONMOUTH JUNCTION

ROCKY HILL

LUMBERVILLE

STOCKTON

HOPEWELL

LONG BRANCH

FREEHOLD

MARLBORO

PENN

PRINCETON

HIGHTSTOWN

JAMESBURG

INGTON

LAMBERTVILLE

ASBURY PARK

ALLENTOWN

ROOSEVELT

ADELPHIA

FARMINGDALE

TRENTON EAST

TRENTON WEST

POINT PLEASANT

LAKEWOOD

NEW EGYPT

CASSVILLE

LAKEHURST

COLUMBUS

BRISTOL

FRANKFORD

BEVERLY

SEASIDE PARK

TOMS RIVER

KESWICK GROVE

WHITING

BROWNS MILLS

PEMBERTON

PHILADELPHIA

MOUNT HOLLY

CAMDEN

MOORESTOWN

BARNEGAT LIGHT

WOODMANSI

BROOKVILLE

FORKED RIVER

E

MARCUS HOOK

CHATSWORTH

BRIDGEPORT

INDIAN MILLS

WOODBURY

MEDFORD LAKES

RUNNEMEDE

CLEMENTON

LONG BEACH NE

SHIP BOTTOM

WEST CREEK

WILMINGTON SOUTH

OSWEGO LAKE

PENNS GROVE

WOODSTOWN

JENKINS

ATSION

PITMAN WEST

HAMMONTON

PITMAN EAST

WILLIAMSTOWN

TUCKERTON

BEACH HAVEN

DELAWARE CITY

SALEM

NEW GRETNA

GREEN BANK

ALLOWAY

EGG HARBOR CITY

ELMER

NEWTONVILLE

NEWFIELD

BUENA

BRIGANTINE INLET

TAYLORS BRIDGE

OCEANVILLE

CANTON

PLEASANTVILLE

SHILOH

MAYS LANDING

BRIDGETON

DOROTHY

MILLVILLE

FIVE POINTS

BOMBAY HOOK

OCEAN CITY

ATLANTIC CITY

BEN DAVIS POINT

MARMORA

CEDARVILLE

TUCKAHOE

DIVIDING CREEK

PORT ELIZABETH

SEA ISLE CITY

FORTESCUE

WOODBINE

PORT NORRIS

HEISLERVILLE

STONE HARBOR

AVALON

RIO GRANDE

CAPE MAY

WILDWOOD

CAPE HENLOPEN

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

GARDEN

STATE

PARKWAY

ATLANTIC

CITY

EXPRESSWAY

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

NEW

JERSEY

TURNPIKE

9

9

9

1

130

130

95

195

195

40

322

30

322

30

40

47

130

295

206

206

295

206

202

287

FALL

LINE

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW JERSEY

DELAWARE

NEW YORK

Raritan Bay

Delaware Bay

Delaware

River

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal

Sch

uylkill River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

CAMDEN

SALEM

ATLANTIC

CUMBERLAND

CAPE MAY

PHILADELPHIA

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

MERCER MONMOUTH

MIDDLESEX

KENT

SUSSEX

NEW CASTLE

SOMERSET

HUNTERDON

BUCKS

DELAWARE

Flemington

Lambertville

Princeton

Trenton

Hightstown

Somerville

Bound Brook

New Brunswick

Edison

Sayerville

East Brunswick

Jamesburg

Freehold

Matawan

Atlantic Highlands

Clarksburg

Red Bank

Long Branch

Eatontown

Asbury Park

Avon-by-the-Sea

Spring Lake Heights

Brielle

Point Pleasant

Toms River

Lavallette

Lakewood

New Egypt

Browns Mills

Mount Holly

Medford Lakes Forked River

Barnegat Light

Manahawkin

Ship Bottom

Tuckerton

Beach Haven

Egg Harbor City

Mays Landing

Pleasantville

Atlantic City

Ventnor City

Margate City

Ocean City

Woodbine

Millville

Cape May

Court House Avalon

Wildwood

Cape May

Rio Grande

Bridgeton

Vineland

Salem

Wilmington Penns Grove

Pennsville Woodstown

Glassboro

Gibbstown

Woodbury

Berlin

Hammonton

Camden

Moorestown

Willingboro

Burlington

Dover

Marlboro

Keansburg

Farmingdale

Brigantine

Seaside Park

Buena

Somerdale

Pine Hill

Brick

Swimming River

Reservoir

Evesham

Stone Harbor

Glendola

Reservoir

Manasquan

Reservoir

GLOUCESTER

Clayton

75 30' o 74 30' o 75o 74 o

40o

40

30'

o

39o

39

30'

o

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 18

86420 8 MILES

8642 0 8 KILOMETERS

EXPLANATION

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5-MINUTE QUADRANGLE AND NAME

OUTCROP OF THE MAGOTHY FORMATION–(Modified from U.S. Geological

 Survey, 1967)

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR–Shows altitude at which water would have

 stood in a tightly cased well. Dashed where approximate. (Modified from

 Martin, in press). Contour interval 20 feet

APPROXIMATE NORTHERN LIMIT OF THE AQUIFER–(Modified from Martin, in press)

250-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Interpreted freshwater-saltwater

 interface (Modified from Gill and Farlekas, 1976)

10,000-MILLIGRAM-PER-LITER ISOCHLOR–Simulated freshwater-saltwater

 interface (From A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993)

SURFACE WATER FRESHWATER-SALTWATER INTERFACE–(Adapted from

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wetland Coverages, 1990)

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL FOR WHICH HYDROGRAPH

 IS AVAILABLE–Upper number is well number; lower number is water-level

 altitude, in feet. Hydrographs shown in figure 8-4

LOCATION OF OBSERVATION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well was not pumped during the

 24 hours before water-level measurement.

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION WELL–Upper number is well number; lower

 number is water-level altitude, in feet. Well may have been pumped during

 the preceding 24 hours, but not during the hour before water-level

 measurement.

Only selected wells listed in table 8-1 are shown. Datum is sea level

33-458

-32

7-188

-97

7-412

-80

-20

ELMER

0

0

-40

-40

-20

-20

-80

-80

-60

-60

-60

-40

-20

-20

5-645

-41

5-648

-27

5-143

6

5-130

-12

PH-63

-4

PH-3

-18

PH-750

-6

7-221

-26

15-323

-30

15-770

-21

7-390

-6

7-528

-22

7-341

-27

7-563

-8

7-79

-10 7-541

-26

7-320

-36

7-348

-35

7-163

-45

7-172

-38

7-292

-64

7-144

-65

7-302

-91

7-281

-80

7-283

-61

5-123

-16

5-262

-61

5-125

-19

5-274

-31

5-746

-36

5-228

-53

5-819

-65

5-823

-64

7-130

-79

7-121

-99

7-12

-46

7-523

-64

15-671

-69

7-273

-76

7-188

-97

7-412

-80

15-742

-37

15-282

-32 15-296

-18

15-331

-49

15-312

-45

15-316

-42

15-738

-8

15-680

-7

15-398

1

15-712

-11

15-615

-16

15-61

-4

15-139

-1

15-349

-5

33-86

-17

15-133

-4

Dc34-O5

-65

33-330

-40

33-187

-29

15-1004

-63

Eb23-35

-52

Ec3207

-85

33-458

-32

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

0

100

20

40

60

80

WATER WITHDRAWAL, IN MILLION GALLONS PER DAY

F ALL

LINE

NEW JERSEY

MERCER

MIDDLESEX

MONMOUTH

OCEAN

BURLINGTON

NEW YORK

BUCKS

SALEM

GLOUCESTER

PHILADELPHIA

CAMDEN

DELAWARE

NEW CASTLE

CUMBERLAND

ATLANTIC

CAPE MAY

KENT

SUSSEX

DELAWARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Raritan

Bay

Delaware Bay

Atlantic Ocean

Delaware River

Schuykill River

0 8 MILES

0 8 KILOMETERS

75∞30' 75∞00' 74∞30' 74∞00'

40∞

30'

40∞

00'

39∞

30'

39∞

00'

Base modified from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983,

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18

EXPLANATION

Water withdrawal, in million gallons per year

0-99 100-199 200-299 300-399 400-500

1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994

-90

10

-85

-80

-75

-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

WATER-LEVEL ALTITUDE, IN FEET

Well 15-296

Well 15-671

Well 33-187

Well 5-262

Well 5-645

Well 7-354

Well 7-412

Well 15-712

Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy Aquifer

Water withdrawal and extent of freshwater

Water withdrawals from the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer decreased from about 62 Mgal/d in 

1978 to about 57 Mgal/d in 1994 (fig. 8-1). Water is withdrawn from the aquifer only in the southern Coastal Plain, 

predominantly in the greater Camden County area (fig. 8-2). The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor was determined 

from water-quality data stored in the USGS water-quality data base. The location of the 250-mg/L isochlor in 1993 

is similar to that shown by Gill and Farlekas (1976) for the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in 1975. The 

location of the 10,000-mg/L isochlor was estimated by use of the saltwater model of the aquifers of the New Jersey 

Coastal Plain (D.A. Pope and A.D. Gordon, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993). This is the simulated 

location of water that is about one-half freshwater and one-half seawater.

Water Levels

Water-level measurements for 75 wells screened in the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer are listed 

in table 8-1 (reverse side of sheet 8). Water levels in these wells were used to define the 1993 potentiometric 

surface shown in figure 8-3. Simulated water levels shown on maps by Martin (in press, fig. 42) and A.D. Gordon 

(U.S. Geological Survey written commun., 1992) were adapted to close the contours at the eastern part of the study 

area. The potentiometric-surface map shows a major cone of depression in the southern Coastal Plain of New 

Jersey and an interpreted cone of depression extending into Salem County from New Castle County, Del. The 

minimum measured water-level altitude at the center of the Camden County area cone of depression is almost

 -100 ft. The cone of depression in New Castle County area has a minimum measured water-level altitude of -85 ft. 

The maximum water-level altitude measured in 1993 for this study was +6 ft in well 5-143 on the Beverly 

quadrangle.

Water-level changes between 1988 and 1993 were calculated for 68 of the wells. Water levels declined 1 

to 17 ft in 17 wells, rose from 1 to 16 ft in 45 wells; and remained the same in 6 wells. Water levels declined 10 ft 

or more in two production wells, one in the Penns Grove area and the other near the city of Camden. Water levels 

increased 10 ft or more in or near production wells in the Camden County area cone of depression.

The water-level hydrographs for eight observation wells in the southern counties show annual and seasonal 

fluctuations reflecting the response of the potentiometric surface to ground-water withdrawals and recovery (fig. 

8-4). The hydrograph for well 7-354 shows fairly constant water levels from 1978 to 1992. Hydrographs for wells 

15-712, 15-296, 33-187, and 5-645 show water- level declines of about 2 to 10 ft during 1978-94. Hydrographs for 

wells 5-262, 15-671, and 7-412 show declining water levels during 1978-88 but static or increasing water levels 

during 1988-94. These wells are near the center of the Camden area cone of depression. The NJDEP limited or 

restricted increased withdrawals in the aquifer in order to stabilize or shrink the size of the cone of depression, 

thereby stabilizing the movement of saltwater from Gloucester County and downdip areas toward the Camden area 

cone of depression (Richard Kropp, N.J. Department of Environmental Protection, written commun., 1992). 

The seasonal water-level fluctuations were greatest in wells 5-645, 5-262, 15-671, and 7-412, ranging 

from 5 to 12 ft/yr. These wells are near the center of the cone of depression and distant from the outcrop/recharge 

area. The configuration of the cone of depression the southern counties in 1993 (fig. 8-3) is similar to that in 1988 

(Rosman and others, 1996). The -20-ft, -40-ft, and -60-ft contours are in about the same location. The -80-ft 

contour is shifted downdip, expanded toward the northeast, and contracted from southwest. The -100-ft contours 

differ slightly from earlier locations but enclose the same general area. The cone of depression in New Castle 

County, Del., was determined from water levels measured in only three wells and was drawn to resemble the cone 

of depression developed by Martin (1984, fig. 38, p. 54).

In summary, the depth and the breadth of the potentiometric surface in this aquifer in 1993 was about the 

same as it was in 1988.

Figure 8-1. Estimated water withdrawal from the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1978-94.

Figure 8-2. Estimated water withdrawals from the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1992.

Figure 8-4. Water-level hydrographs for observation wells screened in the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy 

aquifer, 1978-94.
Table 8-1. Water-level data for wells screened in the Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, 1978-93 

[Well depth given if screen interval is unknown; *, well not shown in figure 8-3; --, data not available; ft, feet; BORO, Borough; MUA, Municipal Utilities Authority; WD, Water Department;

TWP, Township; WC, Water Company; NJ, New Jersey; DEL, Delaware; CO, Company; CORP, Corporation; DEP, Department of Environmental Protection]

 1988-93

 Land- Water- Date

 Well Permit Lati- Longi- Owner Local well USGS Year surface Screen Water-level altitude2 level in

 number number tude1 tude1 identification Quadrangle drilled altitude2 interval3 1978 1983 1988 1993 change 1993

 (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)

 5-123 31-05321 395904 750009 NJ/AMERICAN WC DVWC 28 CAMDEN 1969 25 226-261 -10 -12 -16 -16 0 11- 4

 5-125 31-03835 395929 745922 NJ/AMERICAN WC DVWC 10 MOORESTOWN 1959 79 239-281 -11 -15 -16 -19 -3 11- 4

 5-130 31-04576 400002 750044 NJ/AMERICAN WC RIVERTON 13 FRANKFORD 1963 70 167-198 -3 -3 -14 -12 2 11- 5

 5-143 27-04247 400105 745734 NJ/AMERICAN WC DVWC 23 BEVERLY 1964 36 176 -- -- -7 6 13 11- 5

 5-228 31-08923 395630 745855 MAPLE SHADE WD MSWD 10 MOORESTOWN 1975 40 440-500 -47 -51 -60 -53 7 11- 4

 5-262 -- 395524 745025 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MEDFORD 4 OBS MOUNT HOLLY 1967 72 1,130-1,150 -48 -58 -60 -61 -1 10-29

 5-274 31-03674 395841 745905 DENTON VACUUM CAMPBELL 1 OBS MOORESTOWN 1958 40 241-262 -20 -26 -29 -31 -2 10-29

 5-645 -- 400010 745216 WILLINGBORO MUA WILLINGBORO 2 OBS BRISTOL 1965 40 431-441 -31 -35 -41 -41 0 10-29

 5-648 -- 400103 745409 WILLINGBORO MUA WMUA 3-OBS BEVERLY 1965 34 306-316 -20 -23 -29 -27 2 10-29

 5-746 31-12925 395727 745915 MAPLE SHADE WD MSWD 11 MOORESTOWN 1978 20 389-450 -29 -34 -36 -36 0 11- 3

 5-819 31-19212 395608 745649 MOUNT LAUREL MUA MLMUA 6 MOORESTOWN 1982 20 499-590 -- -59 -68 -65 3 11- 1

 5-823 -- 395615 745512 MOUNT LAUREL MUA MLMUA 4 MOORESTOWN 1974 35 590-640 -- -62 -75 -64 11 11- 1

* 5-1075 31-26130 395632 745555 MOUNT LAUREL MUA ELBO LANE 7 MOORESTOWN 1987 40 528-644 -- -- -63 -61 2 11- 1

 7-12 31-02687 395221 750637 BELLMAWR BORO WD BBWD 3 RUNNEMEDE 1956 35 334-359 -53 -56 -48 -46 2 11- 9

 7-79 -- 395617 750710 CAMDEN CITY WD CITY 12 CAMDEN 1945 23 136-166 -17 -13 -11 -10 1 11- 1

* 7-112 31-01430 395728 750520 NJ/AMERICAN WC CAMDEN DIV 48 CAMDEN 1954 10 122-164 -- -30 -34 -46 -12 11- 4

 7-121 -- 395252 745943 NJ/AMERICAN WC BROWING T-1 MOORESTOWN 1973 80 672-729 -85 -94 -103 -99 4 11- 4

 7-130 31-05077 395353 745708 NJ/AMERICAN WC OLD ORCHARD A MOORESTOWN 1967 71 743-748 -67 -75 -80 -79 1 11- 3

 7-144 31-00684 395442 750103 NJ/AMERICAN WC ELLISBURG 13 CAMDEN 1953 39 491-527 -60 -64 -67 -65 2 11- 3

 7-163 31-04051 395609 750028 NJ/AMERICAN WC COLUMBIA 22 CAMDEN 1960 39 371-453 -46 -51 -53 -45 8 11- 3

 7-172 31-04799 395426 750514 COLLINGSWOOD WD CWD 6(A) CAMDEN 1965 10 218-312 -- -- -- -38 -- 10-25

 7-188 31-05950 395002 745851 NJ/AMERICAN WC GIBBSBORO 42 CLEMENTON 1972 65 934-986 -- -- -- -97 -- 11- 4

* 7-207 -- 395332 750734 CORSONS FOOD JERSEY AVE 1 PHILADELPHIA 1945 9 230-250 -- -47 -36 -23 13 11- 3

 7-221 -- 395356 750738 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COAST GUARD 1 PHILADELPHIA 1966 11 162-170 -40 -35 -30 -26 4 11- 3

 7-273 31-04756 395030 750347 NJ/AMERICAN WC OTTERBROOK 29 RUNNEMEDE 1965 60 612-712 -72 -71 -77 -76 1 11- 1

 7-281 31-01124 395242 750323 NJ/AMERICAN WC HADDON 14 CAMDEN 1954 76 506-598 -- -- -- -80 -- 11- 3

 7-283 31-04282 395246 750434 NJ/AMERICAN WC EGBERT OBS CAMDEN 1962 24 445-455 -62 -64 -64 -61 3 11- 1

 7-292 31-04855 395406 750332 HADDON TWP WD HTWD 4 CAMDEN 1965 45 417-448 -63 -64 -67 -64 3 10-26

 7-302 31-02130 395319 750140 HADDONFIELD WD RULON CAMDEN 1956 25 523-572 -72 -79 -85 -91 -6 10-26

 7-320 31-04642 395652 750307 MERCHANTVILLE PENNSAUKEN WCM WOODBINE 1 CAMDEN 1963 65 245-285 -37 -40 -38 -36 2 10-27

* 7-335 31-02915 395720 750225 MERCHANTVILLE PENNSAUKEN WCM MARION 1 CAMDEN 1957 61 243-278 -33 -35 -35 -34 1 10-27

 7-341 31-01417 395800 750417 MERCHANTVILLE PENNSAUKEN WCM DELA GARDEN 2 CAMDEN 1954 39 115-145 -28 -27 -25 -27 -2 10-27

 7-348 31-03534 395801 750119 MERCHANTVILLE PENNSAUKEN WCM PARK AVE 3 CAMDEN 1958 25 240-275 -34 -35 -34 -35 -1 10-27

 7-372 31-05110 395902 750153 MERCHANTVILLE PENNSAUKEN WCM NATIONAL HWY 1 CAMDEN 1967 40 195-230 -- -- -51 -48 3 10-27

 7-390 51-00050 395944 750211 CAMDEN CITY WD MORRIS 1 CAMDEN -- 9 107 -6 -5 -8 -6 2 11- 1

 7-412 31-09560 394922 745630 NJ/AMERICAN WC ELM TREE 2 OBS CLEMENTON 1963 149 1,080-1,090 -62 -72 -78 -80 -2 11- 1

 7-523 31-12315 395152 750542 BELLMAWR BORO WD BELLMAWR BORO RUNNEMEDE 1977 75 458-557 -62 -64 -67 -64 3 11- 9

 7-528 31-08526 395835 750302 CAMDEN CITY WD PUCHACK 7 CAMDEN 1975 20 140-180 -23 -28 -32 -22 10 11- 1

 7-541 31-15720 395611 750546 CAMDEN CITY WD TW-8-79 CAMDEN 1979 20 215-253 -- -34 -31 -26 5 11- 1

 7-563 31-17116 395712 750612 STATE OF NJ - DEP HARRISON 3 CAMDEN 1980 15 97-117 -- -16 -15 -8 7 10-28

* 7-596 31-19765 395239 750754 BROOKLAWN BORO WD BBWD 4 PHILADELPHIA 1982 10 263-293 -- -52 -51 -45 6 11-11

* 7-724 31-18947 395728 750502 NJ WC CLEVELAND AVE PW 53 CAMDEN 1982 32 154-194 -- -- -- -27 -- 11- 4

 15-133 30-01222 394510 752244 PURELAND WC TEST WELL 1 MARCUS HOOK 1970 20 317-367 -- -- -2 -4 -2 11-12

 15-139 30-01223 394608 752135 PURELAND WC TEST WELL 3 BRIDGEPORT 1970 7 301-345 -9 -9 -10 -1 9 11- 9

 15-282 31-07056 394913 751105 WEST DEPTFORD TWP WD 5 KINGS HIWAY WOODBURY 1973 55 388-450 -30 -- -34 -32 2 11- 3

* 15-296 30-00902 394942 751317 HUNTSMAN POLYPROPYLENE CORP SHELL 5 OBS WOODBURY 1962 21 321-326 -16 -16 -18 -18 0 11- 3

 15-312 15-00063 395107 750946 WEST DEPTFORD TWP WD 6 RED BANK AVE WOODBURY 1973 20 322-372 -58 -55 -56 -45 11 11- 3

 15-316 31-00035 395159 750907 COASTAL EAGLE POINT OIL CO EAGLE PT OBS 1 WOODBURY 1948 32 288-298 -67 -54 -58 -42 16 11- 3

* 15-323 31-00037 395235 750950 COASTAL EAGLE POINT OIL CO EAGLE POINT 3 OBS PHILADELPHIA 1948 21 255-275 -52 -43 -44 -30 14 11- 3

 15-331 31-04259 394955 750908 WOODBURY WD RAILROAD 5 WOODBURY 1960 35 405-457 -44 -47 -53 -49 4 11- 4

 15-349 -- 394650 752316 PURELAND WC LANDTECT 2 MARCUS HOOK 1973 6 170-220 -6 -6 -9 -5 4 11-12

 15-398 30-02016 394935 751938 PETTIT, LOUIS 419 BRIDGEPORT 1979 1 50-60 -- -- -2 1 3 11- 4

 15-615 -- 394637 751916 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SHIVELER LOWER BRIDGEPORT 1985 29 378-388 -- -- -15 -16 -1 11- 4

 15-618 -- 394804 751933 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GAVENTA DEEP BRIDGEPORT 1985 7 230-240 -- -- -7 -4 3 11-11

 15-671 -- 394957 750530 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEPTFORD DEEP OBS RUNNEMEDE 1986 35 650-670 -- -- -69 -69 0 11- 3

* 15-678 30-03625 394946 751612 MOBIL OIL CO W-5C BRIDGEPORT 1985 9 194-204 -- -- -8 -5 3 11- 9

 15-680 30-03602 395038 751605 MOBIL OIL CO W-7C BRIDGEPORT 1985 9 186-196 -- -- -5 -7 -2 11- 9

* 15-711 30-03608 395048 751518 MOBIL OIL CO W-8C BRIDGEPORT 1985 12 153-163 -- -- -5 -5 0 11- 9

 15-712 30-04347 394808 751724 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STEFKA 1 OBS BRIDGEPORT 1986 7 275-290 -- -- -10 -11 -1 11- 3

* 15-737 30-03604 395024 751450 MOBIL OIL CO W-2C WOODBURY 1985 12 240-250 -- -- -- -8 -- 11- 2

 15-738 30-03612-7 394948 751524 MOBIL OIL CO W-4C BRIDGEPORT 1985 5 188-198 -- -- -9 -8 1 11- 9

 15-742 -- 394652 751004 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MANTUA DEEP OBS WOODBURY 1986 84 757-777 -- -- -39 -37 2 11- 3

 15-770 31-26237-6 395202 751115 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL PARK #1-PW-L WOODBURY 1987 10 204-224 -- -- -25 -21 4 11- 2

 15-1004 -- 394421 750604 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CEDAR LAKE DEEP PITMAN EAST 1988 80 1,040-1,210 -- -- -- -63 -- 11- 4

 15-1125 30-4112 394937 751728 E I DUPONT REPAUNO M-47 BRIDGEPORT 1986 15 186-196 -- -- -- 7 -- 11-10

 33-86 30-01139 394557 752523 B F GOODRICH CO 4 (PW-3) MARCUS HOOK 1967 13 169-189 -10 -12 -11 -17 -6 11- 9

 33-187 -- 394037 751914 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY POINT AIRY OBS WOODSTOWN 1958 73 664-672 -25 -26 -28 -29 -1 11-12

 33-330 50-00098 394205 752657 PENNS GROVE WATER SUPPLY CO LAYTON 11 PENNS GROVE 1936 16 394 -38 -15 -23 -40 -17 11-10

 33-458 -- 392751 753207 PUBLIC SERVICE ELECTRIC & GAS PSEG 6-OBS TAYLORS BRIDGE 1980 20 1,110-1,130 -- -- -24 -32 -8 11-10

 Ec3207 Ec3207 393209 753802 UNION CARBIDE ST. GEORGES #7 SAINT GEORGES -- 11 575-585 -- -- -91 -85 6 11- 3

 Eb23-35 Eb23-35 393316 075421 US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (DEL) LUMS POND D OBS SAINT GEORGES -- 60 540-544 -- -- -49 -52 -3 11- 2

 Dc34-O5 Dc34-05 393755 753684 DELAWARE NATIONAL GUARD DEL NAT GUARD 1 OBS WILMINGTON SO -- 28 546-551 -- -- -68 -65 3 11-10

 PH-3 -- 395314 751010 US NAVY PH #19 PHILADELPHIA -- 9 242-247 -- -- 22 -18 4 11- 3

 PH-63 -- 395408 751040 CITY OF PHILADELPHIA CITY POOL PHILADELPHIA -- 6 -- - -- -- -- -5 -4 1 11- 3

 PH-750 -- 395445 750831 PASHA SAF #1 PHILADELPHIA -- 10 -- - -- -- -- -8 -6 2 11- 3

1 Degree, minute, and second symbols are omitted. 

2 Datum is sea level.

3 Datum is land surface.