UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA

CASE NO. 20-14195-CIV-ROSENBERG/MAYNARD 

DELTA DANIELLE HARRIS,

Plaintiff,

v.

DEB HAALAND, Secretary

United States Department of the Interior,

Defendant.

_____________________________________/

REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION 

THIS CAUSE is before me upon Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Amended 

Complaint (“Motion to Dismiss”). DE 28. The District Court has referred this case to me for all 

non-dispositive matters and for a Report and Recommendation for any dispositive issues pursuant 

to 28 U.S.C. § 636 and the Magistrate Rules of the Local Rules of the Southern District of Florida. 

DE 16. I have reviewed the Motion to Dismiss, the Response (DE 30), the Reply (DE 31) and the 

record. Being otherwise duly advised, I respectfully RECOMMEND that the Motion to Dismiss 

be GRANTED for the reasons stated below.

Plaintiff filed her initial complaint on May 18, 2020 (DE 1) and an amended complaint on 

July 30, 2021 (DE 25). Plaintiff alleges that she “was discriminated against and subjected to a 

hostile work environment based on disability . . . reprisal . . ., prior sexual harassment complaint, 

and ongoing EEO activity, and disparate treatment.”1

 DE 25 at 1. Plaintiff brought her claim for 

1 Plaintiff’s charges of hostile work environment, sexual harrassment and failure to accommodate 

are also the subject of another lawsuit in this District, Case No. 21cv14164 (“Related Case”). 

Defendant has filed a motion to dismiss in the Related Case on grounds that Plaintiff untimely 

appealed a Final Order of the U.S. Department of the Interior dated November 16, 2020 that 

implemented an order of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Compl. at 10, 12, 

Harris v. Haaland, No. 21-14164-CIV-RLR (S.D. Fla. Apr. 12, 2021), ECF No. 1.

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“employment discrimination” pursuant to Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 

as amended, 42 U.S.C. §§ 12101, et seq. (“ADA”)2 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 

as amended by the Civil Rights Act of 1991, and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e 

et seq. alleging that hers is a “mixed case.”3 Id. 

On August 31, 2021, Defendant filed the instant Motion to Dismiss along with the 

administrative record from Plaintiff’s appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board (“MSPB”). 

DE 28; DE 29; DE 26. Defendant moves for dismissal on grounds that Plaintiff’s suit is untimely

and was filed in the wrong forum. DE 28 at 2-4 (citing Kloeckner v. Sohs, 568 U.S. 41(2012)). 

Kloeckner instructs that, under § 7703 of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (“CSRA”), cases 

of discrimination are required to be filed in district court and “must be filed within 30 days after 

the date the individual filing the case received notice of the judicially reviewable action.” 568 

U.S. at 45-46, 50. In other words, “[i]n a mixed case appeal, the final decision from the MSPB 

exhausts an employee's administrative remedies and allows her to seek judicial review.” Brady, 

521 F. App’x at 916 (citing Chappell v. Chao, 388 F.3d 1373, 1375 (11th Cir. 2004)).

Here, Plaintiff’s initial complaint confirms that Plaintiff’s suit in this Court is untimely. 

DE 28 at 2-3. Plaintiff submitted a Petition for Review to the United States Court of Appeals for 

2 As Defendant observes, the ADA does not apply to the federal government; however the 

Rehabilitation Act does. (DE 28 at n.1) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 701 et seq.). See also Moseley v. 

Lynch, No. 17-15494-GG, 2018 WL 5822068, at *1 (11th Cir. Oct. 30, 2018) (noting that “because 

the ADA does not apply to employment by the federal government or its agencies, the District 

Court construed [plaintiff]’s claims as being raised under the Rehabilitation Act, which governs 

claims of discrimination by a federal agency on the basis of disability”). Therefore, like Defendant, 

I construe Plaintiff’s ADA allegations as a claim under the Rehabilitation Act. 

3 “A federal employee who alleges employment discrimination related to or stemming from an ‘an 

appealable agency action” i.e., an action that can be appealed to the [Merit Systems Protection 

Board (“MSPB”)], presents a ‘mixed case appeal.’” Brady v. Postmaster Gen., U.S. Postal Serv., 

521 F. App’x 914, 916 (11th Cir. 2013) (quoting 29 C.F.R. § 1614.302(a)(2)). 

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the Federal Circuit (“Federal Circuit”), which the Federal Circuit stamped as received on February 

21, 2020. DE 1 at 12. The Petition appealed a final decision of the MSPB (“Decision”) that 

Petitioner represented she received on November 18, 2019. Id. at 12. The Decision stated that it 

was to become final on December 23, 2019. Id. at 38. Thus, the Federal Circuit received Plaintiff’s 

Petition sixty (60) days following the date that the Decision was to become final.

Plaintiff attached to her Petition the MSPB’s Decision, which affirmed the agency’s action 

removing her from her position as Fish and Wildlife Biologist. Id. at 13-45. Included in it is 

information about “the three main possible choices for review” of the Decision including, in 

pertinent part, the following:

This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you were affected by an 

action that is appealable to the Board and that such action was based, in whole or 

in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain judicial review of this 

decision . . . by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court (not the 

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after this 

decision becomes final. 

DE 1 at 43 (emphasis added). See also 5 U.S.C. § 7703 (b)(2) (stating that applicable “[c]ases of 

discrimination . . . must be filed within 30 days after the date the individual filing the case received 

notice of the judicially reviewable action”). 

Plaintiff argues in her response that this Court should accept her suit as timely under 

principles of equitable tolling. DE 30 at 1-2. Plaintiff posits that equitable tolling should apply 

because she filed her action in the Federal Circuit within 60 days, and filing “in the wrong forum 

can be excused.” Id. (citing, among other cases, Irwin v. Dep’t of Veterans Affairs, 498 U.S. 89, 

96 (1990)). Plaintiff did not only file in the wrong forum, however. She also failed to file her case 

within thirty days as required. Additionally, the authority that Plaintiff cites confirms Defendant’s 

position that her suit should be dismissed as untimely. “Federal courts have typically extended 

equitable relief only sparingly . . . [and] have generally been much less forgiving in receiving late 

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filings where the claimant failed to exercise due diligence in preserving his legal rights.” Irwin, 

498 U.S. at 96 (affirming a decision to grant a motion to dismiss because a complaint was not filed 

within a required 30-day timeframe). Because Plaintiff offers no justification for her late filing, I 

conclude that she failed to exercise the due diligence necessary to preserve her legal rights. As 

such, I find that Plaintiff’s claim is time-barred. 

Accordingly, I RECOMMEND that Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss (DE 28) be 

GRANTED.

The parties shall have fourteen (14) days from the date of being served with a copy of this 

Report and Recommendation within which to file written objections, if any, with U.S. District 

Judge Robin L. Rosenberg. Failure to file objections timely shall bar the parties from a de novo 

determination by the District Judge of an issue covered in the Report and Recommendation and 

shall bar the parties from attacking on appeal unobjected-to-factual and legal conclusions 

contained in this Report and Recommendation. See 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1); Thomas v. Arn., 474 

U.S. 140, 149 (1985); Henley v. Johnson, 885 F.2d 790, 794 (11th Cir. 1989); 11th Cir. 4. 3-1 

(2016). Conversely, if a party does not intend to object to this Report and Recommendation, then 

that party shall file a Notice of such within five (5) days of the date of this Report and 

Recommendation.

DONE AND RECOMMENDED in Chambers at Fort Pierce, Florida, this 25th day of 

October, 2021.

____________________________________

SHANIEK M. MAYNARD

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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