II 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 5354 

To assess, prevent, prepare for, respond to, recover, and mitigate biological 

threats by establishing the One Health Security Council. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

DECEMBER 22 (legislative day, DECEMBER 21), 2022 

Mrs. GILLIBRAND introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 

referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 

A BILL 

To assess, prevent, prepare for, respond to, recover, and 

mitigate biological threats by establishing the One Health 

Security Council. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘One Health Security 

5 Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

7 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 

8 (1) Health threats at the human-animal-plant9 environment interface pose risks to public health, 


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1 animal health, environmental health, plant health, 

2 and global health security. 

3 (2) Population growth— 

4 (A) strains food supplies, threatens food 

5 sustainability and nutrition, and exacerbates 

6 the consequences of intensified food production 

7 in the plant and animal sectors; 

8 (B) contributes to natural habitat loss, bio9 diversity loss, and exploitation of wildlife, which 

10 has led to the closer proximity of wild animals 

11 to domesticated animals and people; 

12 (C) increases urbanization and population 

13 density in certain regions; and 

14 (D) leads to the increased movement of 

15 humans, animals, plants, and products made 

16 from plants and animals that increases risk of 

17 disease transmission. 

18 (3) Diseases that are shared between animals 

19 and humans are responsible for— 

20 (A) approximately 60 percent of all human 

21 infections, including all pandemic outbreaks 

22 since the 1970s; 

23 (B) up to 75 percent of new or emerging 

24 infectious diseases affecting humans; and 


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1 (C) more than 80 percent of the biological 

2 agents that could be intentionally released as 

3 biological weapons. 

4 (4) Plant diseases are responsible for— 

5 (A) estimated worldwide yield losses on 

6 food crops of between 10 and 20 percent, in7 cluding up to a 40 percent loss on maize, po8 tato, rice, soybean, and wheat crops; and 

9 (B) disrupting trade by contaminating 

10 commodities with plant pathogens and insect 

11 pests. 

12 (5) Changes in the environment have increased 

13 the risk of food insecurity and zoonotic and plant 

14 diseases emerging in new geographic areas and dif15 ferent times of year by creating— 

16 (A) hospitable conditions for— 

17 (i) many zoonotic disease vectors, 

18 such as mosquitoes and ticks; 

19 (ii) plant diseases, vectors, viruses, 

20 and pests, such as mildews, aphids, and 

21 nematodes; and 

22 (iii) the territorial expansion of such 

23 diseases, vectors, and pests into places in24 habited by humans and wildlife; and 


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1 (B) an increase in extreme weather events, 

2 such as wildfires, hurricanes, floods, and 

3 droughts, leading to— 

4 (i) the displacement of animals that 

5 are seeking refuge in new areas; 

6 (ii) mass gatherings of people and do7 mestic animals seeking shelter, resources, 

8 and medical attention; 

9 (iii) the destruction of fields of plant 

10 crops and livestock farms; and 

11 (iv) the displacement of wildlife that 

12 often feed on surviving agriculture. 

13 (6) Human conflict creates major risk for dis14 ease outbreaks and food insecurity due to— 

15 (A) the movement of displaced people and 

16 animals; and 

17 (B) the destruction and neglect of agricul18 tural products resulting in reduced crop yields 

19 and the inability to transport food. 

20 (7) Antimicrobial resistant bacteria, viruses, 

21 fungi, parasites, and other microbes impact the abil22 ity of health professionals, including physicians, vet23 erinarians, and plant disease specialists, to manage 

24 infectious diseases of humans, animals, and plants. 


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1 (8) Antimicrobial resistant infections kill an es2 timated 35,000 Americans annually and more than 

3 700,000 people annually worldwide, resulting in a 

4 long-term global pandemic of resistant infections. 

5 (9) Addressing complex health-related issues 

6 that span human, animal, plant, and environmental 

7 health requires coordinated efforts, interagency col8 laboration, and funding mechanisms that are not 

9 constrained to the narrow missions of individual 

10 Federal agencies. 

11 (10) While One Health efforts to mitigate the 

12 emergence and impact of pandemics requires a glob13 al perspective, there is a critical need for investment 

14 in United States national networks and disease sur15 veillance in order to effectively predict and mitigate 

16 local emergence of threats that may be missed by 

17 global surveillance. 

18 (11) The National Biodefense Strategy and Im19 plementation Plan for Countering Biological 

20 Threats, Enhancing Pandemic Preparedness, and 

21 Achieving Global Health Security states, ‘‘Biological 

22 threats can affect humans, animals, plants, and the 

23 environment, resulting in significant health, eco24 nomic, social, and national security impacts. It is 

25 therefore important to address biological threats 


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1 using a One Health approach that recognizes the 

2 interconnections among people, animals (domestic 

3 and wildlife), plants, and the environment.’’. 

4 (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con5 gress that— 

6 (1) supporting global health security requires 

7 mobilizing an interagency council to operationalize 

8 the ‘‘One Health’’ concept and approach, which links 

9 human, animal, plant, and environmental health; 

10 and 

11 (2) the United States Government needs to cre12 ate, support, and allocate funds to interagency 

13 projects with effective outcomes, including— 

14 (A) coordinated and well-funded surveil15 lance and investigation programs designed to 

16 identify emerging One Health challenges, in17 cluding emerging infectious diseases and patho18 gen resistance to current treatments; 

19 (B) comprehensive One Health monitoring, 

20 prevention, mitigation, and outreach programs; 

21 (C) innovative research and education ef22 forts focused on addressing current and future 

23 One Health challenges; 

24 (D) organized and funded crisis resilience 

25 exercises to verify crisis management, response, 


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1 and recovery capabilities at the Federal, State, 

2 and local levels; 

3 (E) statutory authority for Federal agen4 cies to participate in multiagency One Health 

5 projects that are critical to national security; 

6 (F) prioritized project execution through a 

7 One Health Security Council; and 

8 (G) comprehensive, equitable, all-species 

9 inclusive, and safe care in response to biological 

10 threats. 

11 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

12 In this Act: 

13 (1) ANIMAL.—The term ‘‘animal’’ includes com14 panion, domestic, aquacultural and agricultural live15 stock, captive and free-ranging wild animals, includ16 ing invertebrates, such as pollinators. 

17 (2) ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE.—The term 

18 ‘‘antimicrobial resistance’’ means the process by 

19 which microbes, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, 

20 parasites, and other microbes, evolve resistance to 

21 the effects of a drug used to treat the illnesses they 

22 cause. 

23 (3) COMMERCIAL TRADE.—The term ‘‘commer24 cial trade’’ means trade in animals, plants, other 


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1 sources of food, and associated products, including 

2 production, if— 

3 (A) the purpose of such trade is to obtain 

4 an economic benefit, whether in cash or other5 wise; and 

6 (B) such trade is directed toward the sale, 

7 resale, or exchange of wildlife, or any other 

8 form of economic use or benefit. 

9 (4) COUNCIL.—The term ‘‘Council’’ means the 

10 One Health Security Council established under sec11 tion 4. 

12 (5) DUAL USE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH.—The 

13 term ‘‘dual use biomedical research’’ means bio14 medical research intended for legitimate purposes, 

15 but having the potential for both benevolent and ma16 levolent applications. 

17 (6) NETWORK.—The term ‘‘Network’’ means 

18 the One Health Security and Pandemic Prepared19 ness Network. 

20 (7) ONE HEALTH.—The term ‘‘One Health’’— 

21 (A) recognizes the interconnection between 

22 people, animals (including domestic and wild23 life), plants, and their shared environments (in24 cluding ecosystems); 


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1 (B) refers to a collaborative, multisectoral, 

2 and transdisciplinary approach, working at the 

3 local, regional, national, and global levels, with 

4 the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes 

5 for the linked systems described in subpara6 graph (A); and 

7 (C) includes matters related to— 

8 (i) zoonotic and vector-borne diseases; 

9 (ii) the evolution of antimicrobial re10 sistance and stewardship of antimicrobials 

11 against organisms, including viruses, bac12 teria, fungi, and parasites (both pathogenic 

13 and non-pathogenic); 

14 (iii) risks to animals, plants, other 

15 sources of food, and the health of the nat16 ural environment, including soil, air, and 

17 water; 

18 (iv) the use of animals, plants, and 

19 the environment as sentinels for human 

20 and ecosystem health risks; 

21 (v) non-zoonotic infectious diseases 

22 associated with global trade; 

23 (vi) crises adversely affecting domestic 

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1 ucts, and other sources of safe and nutri2 tious food; 

3 (vii) the risks to biodiversity and the 

4 well-being of all life on Earth; and 

5 (viii) other contexts related to the 

6 interconnectedness and shared biological 

7 and social systems from comparative medi8 cine and translational research across dif9 ferent species of animals and humans to 

10 noncommunicable diseases from exposure 

11 to environmental toxins and contaminants 

12 inevitably affecting all life forms. 

13 (8) ONE HEALTH SECURITY.—The term ‘‘One 

14 Health Security’’— 

15 (A) means the operational and functional 

16 security of the Nation’s One Health systems 

17 against naturally occurring, accidental, and de18 liberate biological threats, including identified 

19 threats, criminal acts, terrorist acts, supply 

20 chain failure and system failure, cyberattacks, 

21 or other relevant threats affecting One Health 

22 and national security; and 

23 (B) requires the integration of profes24 sionals with expertise in security, law enforce25 ment, and intelligence to join the veterinary, 


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1 agricultural, environmental, ecological, and 

2 human health experts who are essential to One 

3 Health and national security. 

4 (9) OTHER SOURCES OF FOOD.—The term 

5 ‘‘other sources of food’’ means any food that is not 

6 from a plant or animal source, such as fungi and 

7 algae. 

8 (10) PLANT.—The term ‘‘plant’’ includes— 

9 (A) commercial, local, public, and private 

10 plants used in agriculture, forestry, and nurs11 eries; and 

12 (B) native, imported, and endangered 

13 plants, including weeds. 

14 (11) SPILLOVER.—The term ‘‘spillover’’ means 

15 a single event during which a pathogen in 1 species 

16 moves into another species. 

17 (12) WILDLIFE.—The term ‘‘wildlife’’ means 

18 mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians of 

19 wild origin, whether removed directly from the wild 

20 or born or bred in captivity. 

21 (13) WILDLIFE MARKET.—The term ‘‘wildlife 

22 market’’— 

23 (A) means a commercial market that sells, 

24 processes, or slaughters wildlife or their prod25 ucts for human consumption; and 


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1 (B) does not include markets in areas 

2 where no other practical alternative sources of 

3 protein or meat exists, such as markets in rural 

4 areas that may trade in wildlife and on which 

5 indigenous people rely to feed themselves and 

6 their families. 

7 (14) ZOONOTIC DISEASE.—The term ‘‘zoonotic 

8 disease’’ means any disease that is transmissible be9 tween animals and humans. 

10 SEC. 4. ONE HEALTH SECURITY COUNCIL. 

11 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is hereby established, 

12 in the Executive Office of the President, an interagency 

13 policy council, which shall be known as the ‘‘One Health 

14 Security Council’’. 

15 (b) FUNCTIONS.—The Council shall— 

16 (1) advise the President with respect to the in17 tegration of domestic, foreign, and military policies 

18 relating to One Health Security and to enable Fed19 eral agencies to cooperate more effectively in matters 

20 involving One Health Security; 

21 (2) assess and appraise— 

22 (A) the objectives and commitments of the 

23 United States to protecting One Health Secu24 rity; 


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1 (B) the actual and potential capacity of 

2 the United States to protect One Health Secu3 rity; 

4 (C) the objectives and goals of the Na5 tional Biodefense Strategy and Implementation 

6 Plan on Countering Biological Threats, En7 hancing Pandemic Preparedness, and Achieving 

8 Global Health Security; and 

9 (D) the risks of not fulfilling related objec10 tives and commitments; 

11 (3) make recommendations to the President 

12 concerning— 

13 (A) the matters described in paragraph 

14 (2); and 

15 (B) policies to effectively coordinate on 

16 matters of common interest to Federal agencies 

17 involved with One Health Security; and 

18 (4) coordinate the United States Government 

19 response to One Health Security threats, including 

20 by— 

21 (A) reducing the threat of zoonotic disease 

22 impacts on public health and national security; 

23 (B) reducing the occurrence of infectious 

24 diseases of humans, animals, and plants and 

25 their antimicrobial resistance to treatments; 


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1 (C) addressing other cross-cutting, multi2 sectoral needs, including pandemic prevention 

3 and noninfectious health threats, such as eco4 system health, chemicals, toxins, and natural 

5 disasters; 

6 (D) fostering collaborative and innovative 

7 efforts among academic, private, and govern8 ment entities to improve— 

9 (i) One Health surveillance, detection, 

10 prevention, response, mitigation, and re11 covery efforts and capabilities; and 

12 (ii) antimicrobial stewardship; 

13 (E) coordinating the acquisition, analysis, 

14 and dissemination of information relevant to 

15 novel and emerging health threats, such as 

16 medical intelligence and biosurveillance, includ17 ing— 

18 (i) the role and impact of misinforma19 tion and disinformation on relevant infor20 mation to One Health; 

21 (ii) the role of risk communication; 

22 (iii) adaptive strategies to improve 

23 communication and dissemination of sci24 entific and evidence-based public health in25 formation to the public, to improve such 


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1 communication between Federal, State, 

2 local, and Tribal health officials, and, as 

3 appropriate, to address misinformation and 

4 disinformation; 

5 (iv) the most effective methods for the 

6 dissemination of information, including be7 tween Federal agencies and members of 

8 the Council; and 

9 (v) the best practices for commu10 nicating information to populations that 

11 may be impacted by such misinformation 

12 and disinformation; 

13 (F) fostering a sustainable network of 

14 health care institutions that is able to provide 

15 comprehensive care to patients infected with 

16 zoonotic diseases, while keeping the health care 

17 workforce safe; and 

18 (G) promoting a regulated and transparent 

19 research network that can study emerging dis20 eases, with a focus on routes of transmission 

21 and medical countermeasures. 

22 (c) OBJECTIVES.—The Council shall ensure that 

23 Federal, State, Tribal, and local governments are taking 

24 a whole-of-country approach to One Health Security poli25 cies and programs for the United States that— 


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1 (1) supports interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral col2 laboration designed to address the complex systems 

3 underlying health threats in humans, animals, 

4 plants, and the environment, especially zoonosis and 

5 antimicrobial resistance, food security, and natural 

6 disasters; 

7 (2) ensures alignment and structural balance 

8 among agencies, academia and the private sector in 

9 addressing One Health Security challenges and op10 portunities; 

11 (3) promotes integrated action for early detec12 tion, prevention, mitigation, and response to health 

13 threats, especially zoonotic disease spillover and out14 breaks around the world; 

15 (4) addresses the cooperative and timely dis16 semination of data among agencies and institutions 

17 and with the public, and the handling of communica18 tions; and 

19 (5) ensures that all deliberations, discussions, 

20 and meetings involving Federal agencies are subject 

21 to the recording provisions of chapter 5 of title 5, 

22 United States Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Ad23 ministrative Procedures Act’’). 

24 (d) LEADERSHIP.— 


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1 (1) CHAIR.—The National Security Advisor 

2 shall serve as Chair of the Council. 

3 (2) VICE CHAIR.—There shall be up to 3 Vice 

4 Chairs of the Council, who shall be selected among 

5 the representatives of the Federal agencies referred 

6 to in subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), (D), (H), and 

7 (M) of subsection (e)(1). Vice Chairs shall serve 

8 terms of 3 years, rotating in alphabetical order by 

9 name of department or agency. If the Chair is ab10 sent from a meeting of the Council, a Vice Chair, 

11 who shall be designated by the Chair, shall assume 

12 the responsibilities of the Chair during such absence. 

13 (e) COMPOSITION.— 

14 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall be com15 posed of the heads of— 

16 (A) the Department of State; 

17 (B) the Department of Health and Human 

18 Services; 

19 (C) the Environmental Protection Agency; 

20 (D) the Department of Agriculture; 

21 (E) the Department of Commerce; 

22 (F) the Department of Defense; 

23 (G) the Department of the Treasury; 

24 (H) the Department of Homeland Secu25 rity; 


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1 (I) the Office of the Director of National 

2 Intelligence; 

3 (J) the National Science Foundation; 

4 (K) the Department of Energy; 

5 (L) the Department of Justice; 

6 (M) the Department of the Interior; and 

7 (N) such other offices of the United States 

8 Government as the President may designate. 

9 (2) APPOINTMENTS.—The head of each agency 

10 or organization listed under paragraph (1)— 

11 (A) shall— 

12 (i) represent such agency on the 

13 Council; or 

14 (ii) appoint a senior-level staff mem15 ber to represent such agency on the Coun16 cil; and 

17 (B) may modify an appointment under 

18 subparagraph (A)(ii) at any time other than 

19 during a Council meeting. 

20 (3) INVOLVEMENT OF OTHER FEDERAL AGEN21 CIES.—Council members shall actively invite the 

22 Federal agencies and subagencies that have One 

23 Health Security responsibilities— 


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1 (A) to participate, in a nonvoting capacity, 

2 in Council meetings and activities, as appro3 priate; and 

4 (B) to remain actively engaged with the 

5 Council on an ongoing basis, including by shar6 ing and discussing One Health Security-related 

7 research, programming, policy, and funding. 

8 (4) STAFF.— 

9 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Council may hire 

10 staff members to assist in carrying out its re11 sponsibilities under this section. 

12 (B) EXPERTISE.—Council members shall 

13 strive to hire staff who have— 

14 (i) varied, cross-cutting expertise in a 

15 variety of global One Health topics, includ16 ing human, animal, plant, and environ17 mental health, conservation, epidemiology, 

18 biodiversity, food security, ecology, eco19 nomics, sociology, data analysis, and med20 ical sciences; 

21 (ii) expertise specific to the ecological 

22 determinants and prevention of zoonotic 

23 and vector-borne disease spillover, amplifi24 cation, and spread; 


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1 (iii) expertise specific to health com2 munication; 

3 (iv) One Health education; and 

4 (v) national security and intelligence. 

5 (f) MEETINGS.— 

6 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall meet not 

7 less frequently than quarterly to review progress, 

8 share new information and knowledge, and attend to 

9 other business. 

10 (2) AGENDA.—The Chair of the Council, in 

11 consultation with the Vice Chairs, is authorized to 

12 convene Council meetings and set the agenda for 

13 such meetings. Meeting agendas shall be made avail14 able to the public. 

15 (3) REMOTE ATTENDANCE AUTHORIZED.— 

16 Council members may participate in Council meet17 ings from remote locations. 

18 (4) PARTICIPATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS.—In 

19 order to facilitate the coordination of One Health 

20 Security efforts, representatives of key stakeholders 

21 shall be invited to attend not fewer than 2 Council 

22 meetings per year in a nonvoting role. Such stake23 holders may include— 

24 (A) the Food and Agriculture Organization 

25 of the United Nations; 


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1 (B) the United Nations Environment Pro2 gramme; 

3 (C) the World Organisation for Animal 

4 Health; 

5 (D) the World Health Organization; 

6 (E) the International Monetary Fund; 

7 (F) the World Bank; 

8 (G) nongovernmental organizations; 

9 (H) academic institutions; 

10 (I) professional organizations representing 

11 veterinarians, physical and mental health pro12 fessionals, plant pathologists, environmental sci13 entists, people with disabilities, and other rel14 evant experts; 

15 (J) national laboratories, foundations, or 

16 other private sector groups; and 

17 (K) State, territories, Tribes, and local 

18 governments. 

19 (g) MAJOR ACTIVITIES.—The Council shall— 

20 (1) develop a comprehensive One Health Secu21 rity Strategy; 

22 (2) beginning 1 year after the date of the en23 actment of this Act, provide annual recommenda24 tions to Congress regarding the optimal distribution 

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1 bursement of appropriated funds through inter2 agency agreements, to support— 

3 (A) One Health educational activities and 

4 programs— 

5 (i) for primary and secondary edu6 cation students through the Department of 

7 Education; and 

8 (ii) primary, secondary, and tertiary 

9 education students through the National 

10 Science Foundation; 

11 (B) the National Plant Diagnostics Net12 work; 

13 (C) the National Animal Health Labora14 tory Network; 

15 (D) One Health educational programs for 

16 the public, including sponsored annual con17 ferences and readiness exercises, which shall be 

18 conducted not more frequently than semiannu19 ally by the National Park Service, the Army 

20 Educational Outreach Service, and the Fish 

21 and Wildlife Service to achieve the global One 

22 Health goals and the United Nations Sustain23 able Development Goals; and 

24 (E) intramural and extramural programs 

25 intended to achieve the purposes set forth in 


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1 the One Health Security Strategy that are led 

2 by international organizations, such as the 

3 stakeholders listed in subparagraphs (A) 

4 through (K) of subsection (f)(4) and the Con5 vention on International Trade in Endangered 

6 Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Secretariat; 

7 (3) provide continuous updates on internation8 ally reportable high-risk incidents adversely affecting 

9 the security and stability of One Health Security 

10 programs and efforts; 

11 (4) analyze the scope and context of all One 

12 Health Security-related activities receiving Federal 

13 funding, including activities partially funded with 

14 non-Federal funds, to identify opportunities, gaps, 

15 duplications, existing relationships, organizational 

16 strengths, and the degree to which such activities 

17 align with the goals identified by the Council and 

18 the One Health Security Strategy; 

19 (5) make recommendations to Congress and rel20 evant executive branch agencies regarding the scope 

21 and context of One Health Security-related activities 

22 receiving Federal funding, including the role and im23 pact of misinformation and disinformation related to 

24 One Health Security-related activities; 


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1 (6) facilitate public-private partnerships, includ2 ing zoological and aquatic parks, and government3 university partnerships to accelerate impact, increase 

4 cost-effectiveness, and better address the root driv5 ers of spillover and spread; 

6 (7) regularly consult with foreign governments, 

7 nongovernmental organizations, foundations, and 

8 international organizations, including the World 

9 Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World 

10 Health Organization, the World Organisation for 

11 Animal Health, the Food and Agriculture Organiza12 tion, and the United Nations Environmental Pro13 gramme that carry out One Health Security-related 

14 activities; 

15 (8) provide guidance to the Office of Manage16 ment and Budget regarding the types of activities 

17 that should be classified as related to One Health 

18 Security and global One Health; 

19 (9) identify research gaps and opportunities, 

20 particularly those that can be addressed by research21 ers and research organizations in the United States; 

22 and 

23 (10) identify specific crisis response and inci24 dent response capabilities of each State for spillover 

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1 annual reports to Congress describing each State’s 

2 One Health crisis readiness. 

3 (h) DECISION MAKING.— 

4 (1) ONE HEALTH SECURITY STRATEGY.— 

5 (A) COMMENT PERIOD.—The Council 

6 shall— 

7 (i) provide a 60-day public comment 

8 period before finalizing the One Health Se9 curity Strategy; and 

10 (ii) incorporate the input received 

11 from the public during such period, as ap12 propriate. 

13 (B) VOTING AND RESOLVING DISAGREE14 MENTS.—If the Council requires a vote or can15 not reach consensus regarding any element in 

16 the One Health Security Strategy, including 

17 strategic goals, programming priorities, and 

18 funding priorities, the Council members shall 

19 vote on the competing options, with the pre20 siding Chair casting the deciding vote, if nec21 essary. The option supported by a simple ma22 jority of Council members shall be included in 

23 the One Health Security Strategy. When cast24 ing votes, Council members shall consult with 

25 their relevant subagencies, as needed. Each deVerDate Sep 11 2014 17:23 Jan 09, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S5354.IS S5354

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1 partment or agency will be allowed only 1 vote 

2 regardless of the amount of representation or 

3 stakeholders present at the meeting. 

4 (2) QUORUM.—If 1 or more Council members 

5 impede the ability of the Council to perform its du6 ties by repeatedly failing to attend Council meetings 

7 or refusing to vote on Council matters, a majority of 

8 Council members who are present and voting shall 

9 constitute a quorum and may approve previously no10 ticed decision items through a simple majority. 

11 Council meetings may not commence without the 

12 participation of a quorum of at least 8 voting mem13 bers. 

14 (3) OMB OBSERVER.—The Director of the Of15 fice of Management and Budget may send an ob16 server to any Council meeting at which the Council 

17 is expected to make a decision regarding the dis18 tribution of Federal funding to a project. Such ob19 server may not vote on Council matters. 

20 SEC. 5. ONE HEALTH SECURITY STRATEGY. 

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—The One Health Security Strat22 egy required under section 4(g)(1) shall build from, link 

23 with, and contribute to existing domestic and international 

24 One Health Security-related efforts, including— 


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1 (1) efforts outlined by the Global Health Secu2 rity Agenda, the interagency Task Force for Com3 bating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, the Presi4 dential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic5 Resistant Bacteria, and the Presidential Task Force 

6 to Combat Wildlife Trafficking; 

7 (2) existing strategies, such as the National Se8 curity Strategy, the Global Health Security Strat9 egy, the National Health Security Strategy, the Na10 tional Strategy for Combating Wildlife Trafficking, 

11 and the National Biodefense Strategy and Imple12 mentation Plan for Countering Biological Threats, 

13 Enhancing Pandemic Preparedness, and Achieving 

14 Global Health Security; 

15 (3) Federal investments related to such efforts 

16 and strategies, such as the Biomedical and Advanced 

17 Research and Development Authority, the Adminis18 tration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, 

19 the World Health Organization, the World 

20 Organisation for Animal Health, the Food and Agri21 culture Organization, and the United Nations Envi22 ronmental Programme; and 

23 (4) the programs and activities described in the 

24 inventory and capabilities assessment carried out 

25 pursuant to section 7(b). 


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1 (b) ELEMENTS.—The One Health Security Strategy 

2 shall include— 

3 (1) a definition of the scope of One Health Se4 curity that— 

5 (A) aligns with existing practices by the 

6 member agencies of the One Health Security 

7 Council to the extent possible and considers 

8 governmental and nongovernmental definitions 

9 for One Health, such as definitions offered by 

10 the World Health Organization’s One Health 

11 High-Level Expert Panel, the Quadripartite or12 ganization’s One Health Joint Plan of Action, 

13 and the National Biodefense Strategy and Im14 plementation Plan for Countering Biological 

15 Threats, Enhancing Pandemic Preparedness, 

16 and Achieving Global Health Security, pub17 lished in October 2022; and 

18 (B) includes— 

19 (i) zoonotic disease and vector-borne 

20 disease prevention, detection, and response 

21 and all aspects of prevention of resistance 

22 to pathogen treatments; 

23 (ii) issues related to the matters de24 scribed in clause (i), such as— 


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1 (I) legal and illegal wildlife traf2 ficking and commercial trade, includ3 ing wildlife markets, animal hus4 bandry, habitat destruction, and deg5 radation; 

6 (II) biodiversity loss; and 

7 (III) climate change; 

8 (iii) plant disease prevention, detec9 tion, response, and surveillance; 

10 (iv) risk of intentional misuse of ad11 vances in biotechnology; 

12 (v) accidental release of biological 

13 agents; and 

14 (vi) threats posed by terrorist groups 

15 or adversaries seeking to use biological 

16 weapons; 

17 (2) short-term (1 year) objectives, intermediate18 term (2 to 3 years) objectives, and long-term (4 

19 years or more) objectives; 

20 (3) prioritized areas for further study and tar21 geted technological investments, such as— 

22 (A) targeted vaccines, the development of 

23 novel vaccine pipelines, and judicious anti24 microbial usage for people, plants, and animals 

25 to reduce antimicrobial resistance; 


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1 (B) new diagnostic test pipelines to rapidly 

2 detect and monitor pathogens in animals, 

3 plants, and humans; 

4 (C) advanced technologies for animal, 

5 human, and plant disease surveillance, con6 servation and other related surveillance, and ac7 tionable data, including wastewater surveillance 

8 and use of predictive analytics, user behavior 

9 analytics, or certain other advanced data ana10 lytics methods that extract value from large and 

11 multiple data sets to improve and target sur12 veillance; 

13 (D) data sharing best practices among 

14 Federal agencies and partners that can utilize 

15 data in disease surveillance; 

16 (E) research networks, such as the Na17 tional Emerging Special Pathogens Training 

18 and Education Center’s Special Pathogens Re19 search Network, to study novel counter20 measures for emerging zoonotic pathogens; 

21 (F) the manufacturing and timely distribu22 tion of vaccines, therapeutics, and remedies to 

23 biological threats; and 

24 (G) other research priorities identified by 

25 the Council; 


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1 (4) prioritized activities to prevent and address 

2 One Health Security threats, including zoonotic, vec3 tor-borne, and plant disease amplification and 

4 spread, including— 

5 (A) pathogen and risk identification and 

6 mitigation in advance of spillover; 

7 (B) surveillance and containment activities, 

8 including efforts to incentivize and encourage 

9 early reporting of risk alerts, spillover events, 

10 localized outbreaks, and routine surveillance; 

11 (C) global efforts to coordinate anti12 microbial resistance response in humans and 

13 animals; 

14 (D) efforts to eliminate wildlife trafficking; 

15 (E) efforts to stop habitat destruction or 

16 degradation, deforestation, and biodiversity loss; 

17 (F) efforts to promote food security and 

18 safety through animal, plant, and other sources 

19 of food disease and health surveillance, includ20 ing in populations dependent on wildlife for pro21 tein; 

22 (G) efforts to reduce consumer demand for 

23 wildlife, wildlife products, and restricted and 

24 endangered plants, including protected wood 

25 and other tree products, identified in Appendix 


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1 I of the Convention on International Trade in 

2 Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, 

3 done at Washington March 3, 1973 (27 UST 

4 1087; TIAS 8429); 

5 (H) efforts to support integrated emer6 gency response to identified spillover crises and 

7 related threats; 

8 (I) protocol development to improve holis9 tic response to and recovery from disease out10 breaks in animals, plants, and humans; 

11 (J) One Health workforce development to 

12 prevent and respond to disease outbreaks and 

13 other health threats affecting animals, plants, 

14 humans, and the environment; 

15 (K) efforts to identify and mitigate dis16 semination of misinformation and 

17 disinformation related to One Health; 

18 (L) other efforts to protect the collective 

19 health of animals, humans, plants, and the en20 vironment, especially those conducted through 

21 global collaborations and partnerships; 

22 (M) enhanced partnerships with academia 

23 to teach plant health and disease surveillance in 

24 universities to address workforce gaps; and 


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1 (N) preparing and equipping health care 

2 institutions for managing patients with emerg3 ing zoonotic diseases in a safe and equitable 

4 manner; 

5 (5) a description of proposed incentives to en6 courage national and subnational engagement in 

7 One Health Security efforts, particularly community 

8 education and mobilization activities and participa9 tion in data collection and reporting activities in 

10 support of the One Health Security Strategy; 

11 (6) anticipated measures of success, including 

12 benchmarks to monitor progress of short-, medium13 , and long-term objectives; 

14 (7) a description of how the strategy reflects 

15 and builds from existing Federal organizational ac16 tivities, relationships, and capabilities; 

17 (8) a description of how the strategy addresses 

18 gaps, especially those identified in the inventory and 

19 capabilities assessment carried out pursuant to sec20 tion 7(b); 

21 (9) direction, oversight, and coordination of the 

22 One Health Security and Pandemic Preparedness 

23 Network; and 

24 (10) semiannual readiness exercises to test, 

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1 ations of the One Health Security and Pandemic 

2 Preparedness Network. 

3 SEC. 6. ADVISORY COMMITTEES. 

4 (a) TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— 

5 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall establish 

6 and semiannually convene a Technical Advisory 

7 Committee, which shall be composed of United 

8 States Government One Health Security experts who 

9 represent a variety of sectors, including experts in 

10 human, animal, plant and environmental health, con11 servation, emerging pathogens, and ecology. 

12 (2) MEMBER SELECTION PRIORITIES.—The 

13 Council shall prioritize the selection of committee 

14 members with existing expertise that will help ad15 vance the objectives of the One Health Security 

16 Strategy, including experts from academia, non17 governmental organizations, industry, and State, 

18 local, territorial, and Tribal governments. 

19 (3) GUIDANCE.—The Technical Advisory Com20 mittee shall provide technical and programmatic 

21 guidance to the Council relating to the implementa22 tion of One Health Security programs, which shall 

23 be included in annual reports that are available to 

24 the public. 


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1 (4) ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS.—In addi2 tion to the guidance described in paragraph (3), the 

3 Technical Advisory Committee may provide addi4 tional recommendations to Congress, Federal agen5 cies, or international organizations that are outside 

6 the scope of the Council’s responsibilities under this 

7 Act. 

8 (b) SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— 

9 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall establish a 

10 standing Scientific Advisory Committee, which shall 

11 be composed of global One Health academics based 

12 at institutions of higher learning, including— 

13 (A) individuals with expertise in human, 

14 animal, plant, and environmental health, con15 servation, and ecology; and 

16 (B) experts from foreign countries, as ap17 propriate. 

18 (2) MEMBER SELECTION PRIORITIES.—The 

19 Council shall prioritize the selection of committee 

20 members with existing expertise that will help ad21 vance the objectives of the One Health Security 

22 Strategy, including experts from academia, non23 governmental organizations, industry, and State, 

24 local, territorial, and tribal governments. 


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1 (3) GUIDANCE.—The Scientific Advisory Com2 mittee shall— 

3 (A) provide regular updates to the Council 

4 regarding recent scientific advances and oppor5 tunities; 

6 (B) provide scientific guidance to the 

7 Council to inform strategic direction; 

8 (C) provide scientific guidance to the Task 

9 Force for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bac10 teria regarding the operation of the One Health 

11 Security and Pandemic Preparedness Network; 

12 and 

13 (D) not later than the last day of each fis14 cal year, submit an annual Spillover Threat Re15 port outlining remedial and corrective actions 

16 relevant to the effective operation of the One 

17 Health Security System to the Task Force for 

18 Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. 

19 SEC. 7. REPORTS. 

20 (a) INITIAL WORK PLAN.—Not later than 6 months 

21 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Council 

22 shall submit the initial 12-month work plan to— 

23 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 

24 Senate; 


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1 (2) the Committee on Health, Education, 

2 Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; 

3 (3) the Committee on Environment and Public 

4 Works of the Senate; 

5 (4) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 

6 and Forestry of the Senate; 

7 (5) the Committee on Homeland Security and 

8 Governmental Affairs of the Senate; 

9 (6) the Committee on Armed Services of the 

10 Senate; 

11 (7) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 

12 House of Representatives; 

13 (8) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 

14 the House of Representatives; 

15 (9) the Committee on Science, Space, and 

16 Technology of the House of Representatives; 

17 (10) the Committee on Agriculture of the 

18 House of Representatives; 

19 (11) the Committee on Homeland Security of 

20 the House of Representatives; and 

21 (12) the Committee on Armed Services of the 

22 House of Representatives. 

23 (b) INVENTORY AND CAPABILITIES ASSESSMENT.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall carry out 

2 a synthesized inventory and capabilities assessment 

3 that includes— 

4 (A) an inventory of current One Health 

5 Security-related activities by each Federal agen6 cy; 

7 (B) a description of each Federal agency’s 

8 existing capabilities and authorizations; 

9 (C) a description of the interagency col10 laboration within each participating Federal 

11 agency to achieve One Health Security goals; 

12 and 

13 (D) a collective gap analysis of Federal 

14 agency crisis response readiness issues. 

15 (2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 

16 date of the enactment of this Act, the Council shall 

17 submit a report to the congressional committees list18 ed in subsection (a) that contains the information 

19 described in paragraph (1). 

20 (c) ONE HEALTH SECURITY STRATEGY.—Not later 

21 than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, 

22 the Council shall submit the One Health Security Strategy 

23 to the congressional committees referred to in subsection 

24 (a). 


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1 (d) ANNUAL REPORTS.—Not later than 1 year after 

2 the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually there3 after, the Council shall submit a report to the congres4 sional committees listed in subsection (a) that includes— 

5 (1) an updated One Health Security Strategy, 

6 as appropriate; 

7 (2) an implementation plan for the upcoming 

8 12-month period; 

9 (3) a financial report that includes an account10 ing of funds appropriated to carry out this Act; 

11 (4) the latest version of the Council’s moni12 toring and evaluation plan; 

13 (5) a monitoring and evaluation report for the 

14 reporting period; 

15 (6) summaries of the minutes from Council 

16 meetings held during the reporting period; 

17 (7) the status of One Health Security-related 

18 activities receiving Federal funding; 

19 (8) prevailing strategic guidance and priorities; 

20 (9) an executive summary of the challenges and 

21 achievements of the Council during the reporting pe22 riod; 

23 (10) a summary of the progress made toward 

24 building the One Health Security and Pandemic 


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1 Preparedness Network in accordance with section 8, 

2 including— 

3 (A) the total funds appropriated, obligated, 

4 and expended to build the One Health Security 

5 and Pandemic Preparedness Network; 

6 (B) an assessment of the efficacy of One 

7 Health Security and Pandemic Preparedness 

8 Network programs receiving Federal funding; 

9 and 

10 (C) other activities undertaken by the One 

11 Health Security and Pandemic Preparedness 

12 Network; 

13 (11) a summary of additional personnel hired 

14 with funding appropriated pursuant to section 8, 

15 disaggregated by Federal agency; 

16 (12) a description of the partnerships developed 

17 with other institutions of higher learning and non18 governmental organizations to carry out the One 

19 Health Security Strategy; and 

20 (13) a copy of the annual Spillover Threat Re21 port prepared by the Scientific Advisory Committee 

22 pursuant to section 6(b)(3)(D). 

23 (e) MONITORING AND INVESTIGATIONS.—If the 

24 Council determines that a foreign country or syndicate is 

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1 ficking of wildlife, or that increasing or decreasing existing 

2 or potential sanctions or law enforcement actions with re3 spect to such country would expedite the achievement of 

4 Council goals, the Council shall submit a report to the 

5 President and Congress that describes the evidence sup6 porting such determination, which may include rec7 ommended sanctions or law enforcement actions against 

8 such country. 

9 (f) DUAL-USE RESEARCH.—Oversight of federally 

10 conducted or federally supported dual use biomedical re11 search, such as the review of policies or frameworks used 

12 to assess and appropriately manage safety and security 

13 risks associated with such research, taking into consider14 ation national security concerns, the potential benefits of 

15 such research, considerations related to the research com16 munity, transparency, and public availability of informa17 tion, and international research collaboration. 

18 (g) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—All of the reports re19 quired under this section shall be made available to the 

20 public and may include a classified annex, as necessary. 

21 SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

22 (a) STARTUP FUNDING.—There is authorized to be 

23 appropriated $55,000,000 to the Office of Management 

24 and Budget (referred to in this subsection as ‘‘OMB’’) for 

25 fiscal year 2023, of which— 


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1 (1) $45,000,000 shall be allocated by the Coun2 cil among the appropriate Federal agencies— 

3 (A) to collect key information; 

4 (B) to conduct key research; and 

5 (C) to initiate other key activities, as de6 termined by the One Health Security Council; 

7 and 

8 (2) $10,000,000 may be used to carry out the 

9 internal operations of the Council, including staffing, 

10 travel, and other administrative expenses. 

11 (b) SECOND-YEAR FUNDING.— 

12 (1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 

13 appropriated $500,000,000 to the OMB for fiscal 

14 year 2024. The Council is authorized to allocate 

15 such funding among the appropriate Federal agen16 cies to carry the functions of the Council. Of such 

17 amounts— 

18 (A) 75 percent may be spent for new or 

19 expanded One Health Security activities; and 

20 (B) 25 percent may be spent to flexibly re21 spond to developing events and fill gaps left by 

22 congressional and agency decisions. 

23 (2) RECOMMENDATIONS.—Not later than Sep24 tember 30, 2023, the Council shall submit a report 

25 to the congressional committees listed in section 


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1 7(a), the Committee on Appropriations of the Sen2 ate, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

3 House of Representatives that contains rec4 ommendations that— 

5 (A) describe the optimal allocation of 

6 amounts appropriated pursuant to paragraph 

7 (1); 

8 (B) reflect the Federal agency com9 petencies identified in the inventory and capa10 bilities assessment carried out pursuant to sec11 tion 7(b), including the utilization of existing 

12 bilateral and multilateral mechanisms, as ap13 propriate; and 

14 (C) are made in accordance with the deci15 sion-making parameters described in section 

16 4(h). 

17 (c) ONGOING FUNDING.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 

19 appropriated $900,000,000 to the OMB for fiscal 

20 year 2025, and for each fiscal year thereafter. The 

21 Council is authorized to allocate such funding among 

22 the appropriate Federal agencies to carry out the 

23 functions of the Council. Of such amounts— 


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1 (A) $675,000,000 may be expended each 

2 fiscal year for new or expanded Global One 

3 Health activities; and 

4 (B) $225,000,000 may be expended each 

5 fiscal year to flexibly respond to developing 

6 events and fill gaps left by congressional and 

7 agency decisions. 

8 (2) RECOMMENDATIONS.—Not later than Sep9 tember 30, 2024, and not later than the last day of 

10 each subsequent fiscal year, the Council shall submit 

11 a report to the congressional committees listed in 

12 section 7(a), the Committee on Appropriations of the 

13 Senate, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

14 House of Representatives that contains rec15 ommendations describing the optimal allocation of 

16 amounts appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) for 

17 the following fiscal year. 

18 (d) DISBURSEMENT.—Amounts appropriated pursu19 ant to this section— 

20 (1) may be disbursed through the appropriate 

21 Federal agencies to nongovernmental organizations 

22 and international organizations for approved One 

23 Health Security activities; or 

24 (2) may be expended for programs conducted 

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1 tions Acts and the approved One Health Security 

2 Strategy. 

3 (e) SUPPLEMENT AND NOT SUPPLANT.—Amounts 

4 appropriated pursuant to this section shall supplement, 

5 and may not supplant, any existing funding for global One 

6 Health Security-related activities. 

7 (f) CROSS-CUTTING BUDGET CODE.—The Director 

8 of the OMB, in accordance with the guidance received 

9 from the Council pursuant to section 4(g)(10), shall estab10 lish a cross-cutting budget code to identify existing and 

11 new One Health Security-related activities and funding 

12 levels by Federal agency. 

13 (g) COMPLIANCE WITH RECOMMENDATIONS.—Any 

14 Federal agency engaged in One Health Security-related 

15 activities shall— 

16 (1) comply with Council recommendations when 

17 making funding decisions for such activities; and 

18 (2) use Council recommendations to guide fund19 ing decisions pertaining to One Health Security-re20 lated activities funded outside of the jurisdiction of 

21 the Council. 

Æ 


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