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TRIBUTES TO HON. ERNEST F. HOLLINGS 

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Ernest F. Hollings 

U.S. SENATOR FROM SOUTH CAROLINA 

TRIBUTES 

IN THE CONGRESS OF 

THE UNITED STATES 

UNUM

E PLURIBUS


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Ernest F. Hollings 


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U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 2005

S. DOC. 108–26 

Tributes 

Delivered in Congress 

Ernest F. Hollings 

United States Senator 

1966–2005 

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Compiled under the direction 

of the 

Joint Committee on Printing 

Trent Lott, Chairman 

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CONTENTS 

Page 

Biography .................................................................................................. v 

Farewell ..................................................................................................... ix 

Proceedings in the Senate: 

Tributes by Senators: 

Allen, George, of Virginia .......................................................... 30 

Boxer, Barbara, of California .................................................... 18 

Burns, Conrad, of Montana ....................................................... 10 

Byrd, Robert C., of West Virginia ............................................. 11 

Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi ................................................... 27 

Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota ................................................. 26 

Daschle, Tom, of South Dakota ................................................. 34 

Dayton, Mark, of Minnesota ..................................................... 18 

Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut ....................................... 23 

Domenici, Pete V., of New Mexico ............................................ 28 

Dorgan, Byron L., of North Dakota .......................................... 9 

Edwards, John, of North Carolina ............................................ 18 

Frist, William H., of Tennessee ................................................ 17 

Graham, Bob, of Florida ............................................................ 3 

Harkin, Tom, of Iowa ................................................................. 37 

Hutchison, Kay Bailey, of Texas ............................................... 29 

Inhofe, James M., of Oklahoma ................................................ 23 

Inouye, Daniel K., of Hawaii ..................................................... 31 

Lautenberg, Frank, of New Jersey ........................................... 18 

Leahy, Patrick J., of Vermont ................................................... 32 

McConnell, Mitch, of Kentucky ................................................. 35 

Nelson, Bill, of Florida ............................................................... 18 

Reid, Harry, of Nevada .............................................................. 30 

Sarbanes, Paul S., of Maryland ................................................ 41 

Shelby, Richard C., of Alabama ................................................ 16 

Stabenow, Debbie, of Michigan ................................................. 28 

Stevens, Ted, of Alaska ............................................................. 36 

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Biography 

‘‘Performance is better than promise.’’ That’s the creed by 

which U.S. Senator FRITZ HOLLINGS modeled his lifetime of 

public service. He was committed to generating economic 

growth for South Carolina; promoting education and equal 

opportunity; and providing the opportunity for all citizens to 

have healthy, secure and productive lives. He recognized 

early on that government must be fiscally accountable to the 

people in order to achieve these goals. A brief examination 

of Senator HOLLINGS’s record of legislative achievement reveals that he remained true to his mission throughout a distinguished political career. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS fought for South Carolina most of his life. 

A native of Charleston, he graduated from the Citadel in 

1942 and immediately received a commission from the U.S. 

Army. He served as an officer in the North African and European campaigns in World War II, receiving the Bronze 

Star and seven campaign ribbons. When he returned from 

the war, he entered the University of South Carolina School 

of Law. Working through holidays and summers, he graduated in 1947—less than 3 years after he began. 

The following year, at age 26, he began his long career of 

public service when he was elected to the South Carolina 

House of Representatives. In his second term, his peers 

voted him speaker pro tempore, a post to which he was reelected in 1953. Two years later, he became Lieutenant Governor. In 1958, recognizing his leadership, achievements and 

dedication to public service, the people of South Carolina 

chose him for the highest office in the State. At 36, he was 

the youngest man in the 20th century to be elected Governor 

of South Carolina. 

PROGRESSIVE GOVERNORSHIP

As Governor, HOLLINGS established his well-deserved reputation for economic common sense and laid the foundation 

for the economic growth that has made South Carolina a 

modern success story. South Carolina was stalled in the late 

fifties, mired in an outdated economy with a budget in the 

red. HOLLINGS balanced the State’s budget for the first time 

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since 1895 and, under his leadership, South Carolina became 

the first southern State to earn the coveted AAA credit rating. 

He was also the father of technical education in South 

Carolina, starting the statewide system of technical colleges. 

With this training, South Carolinians who grew up on farms 

and in mill towns were able to learn marketable vocational 

skills for the first time— skills that enabled them to obtain 

better jobs and wages. Thanks to Senator HOLLINGS’s vision 

of education that emphasizes job training, South Carolina 

has attracted multinational companies like BMW and 

Michelin. The State also enjoys one of the lowest rates of unemployment in the Nation. 

EARLY SENATE YEARS

In 1966, South Carolinians elected HOLLINGS to the U.S. 

Senate to fill the unexpired term of Olin Johnson, an office 

to which he’s been elected seven times. Early in his Senate 

career, Senator HOLLINGS focused on the poverty and hunger 

that gripped the rural South and urban areas of the country. 

In 1968 he embarked on his now famous hunger tours, which 

spawned his acclaimed 1970 book The Case Against Hunger: 

A Demand for a National Policy and fostered a new government commitment to improving programs for the poor. Senator HOLLINGS believed it was ‘‘better to feed the child than 

to jail the man’’ so he co-authored national legislation that 

created the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, 

Infants and Children, popularly known as WIC, which was 

modeled after a pilot program in South Carolina’s Beaufort 

County. 

Senator HOLLINGS was also quick to establish what has become a long-standing commitment to environmental policies 

when, in 1972, he wrote and steered through Congress the 

National Coastal Zone Management Act, the Nation’s first 

land use law designed to protect coastal wetlands. In the 

early and mid-seventies he also pushed to establish the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), authored the Marine Mammal Protection Act, and fought for 

passage of the Ocean Dumping Act and the Fishery Conservation and Management Act. 

RECENT SENATE WORK

Senator HOLLINGS was elected to the Senate for the seventh time in 1998. In 2004 he was the fourth most senior 

Member of the Senate. 

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Senator HOLLINGS served as ranking member on the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee where he 

championed a wide range of issues such as telecommunications, transportation security, consumer protection, coastal 

preservation and research, and trade policy. As a principal 

author of the 1996 Telecommunications Act, HOLLINGS

worked throughout his career to promote competition within 

the telecommunications industry and to ensure that consumers benefit from innovative technologies at reasonable 

prices. As a result of the September 11 attacks, HOLLINGS

led the effort to pass transportation security legislation for 

our Nation’s port, railroad, and aviation systems in an effort 

to bolster national security and protect American citizens. 

In terms of U.S. trade policy, Senator HOLLINGS sought to 

reinvigorate economic competitiveness and protect American 

jobs, while improving U.S. manufacturing and production capabilities. Additionally, HOLLINGS believed that greater understanding and improved management of ocean and coastal 

ecosystems were essential to maintain healthy coasts and to 

prepare communities for natural hazards such as hurricanes. 

He worked to better the lives of South Carolinians and the 

people of our Nation. 

Senator HOLLINGS also served as the longest-serving member of the Senate Budget Committee where he worked to 

take the country down the path to ‘‘true surplus.’’ He was 

the first voice in the Senate to decry the practice of looting 

Social Security, Medicare and other trust funds to camouflage the size of the deficit. HOLLINGS continued to fight for 

fiscal responsibility, and he constantly pressed Congress to 

put the Nation back on a ‘‘pay-as-you-go’’ basis rather than 

burdening future generations with escalating Federal deficits 

and debt. 

As the third ranking Democrat on the Senate Appropriations Committee and the ranking member of the Commerce, 

Justice, State, and the Judiciary Appropriations Subcommittee, Senator HOLLINGS used his seniority, experience 

and know-how to fight for responsible government and South 

Carolina’s fair share. He initiated a nationwide effort to combat breast and cervical cancer by utilizing his seat on the 

Appropriations Committee to secure funding for a pilot 

screening program. Thanks to Senator HOLLINGS, South 

Carolina was among six States selected for this landmark 

initiative, which screened 115,000 South Carolina women 

and detected more than 1,300 occurrences of cancer. With 

Senator HOLLINGS’s help, the State received funding for this 

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program as well as others to complete new infrastructure 

projects, improve public education, attract new businesses, 

and protect the environment in South Carolina. 

Senator HOLLINGS was raised in a family with four siblings and a hard-working mother and father. He is the father 

of four children and has seven grandchildren. He and his 

wife, Peatsy, are very involved in South Carolina as well as 

in the Washington community. From World War II officer to 

South Carolina legislator to Governor to U.S. Senator, Senator HOLLINGS dedicated his life to public service. He worked 

to generate economic growth for South Carolina, promote 

education and equal opportunity, and advocate a progressive, 

national public policy. An independent leader who tells it 

like it is, HOLLINGS does not rely on rhetoric. His record 

speaks for itself. 

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Farewell Speech 

Tuesday, November 16, 2004 

Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, my distinguished colleague, Senator Graham, has been more than generous, and 

I thank him not just for today but for the years to come. I 

do so genuinely in the sense that his coming here as a Senator is like going over on the wall and turning on the lights. 

Here I had somebody diligently working to get things done. 

That is why I came to the Senate, to get things done for 

South Carolina. And Senator Graham has not only worked 

hard—we all work hard; there is no lazy Senator in the 100 

Senators—but he has that secret of making friends. After all, 

this is a political body, and you cannot get things done unless you make friends. 

He instantly came to the Chamber and started working 

with Democratic Senators, which was a surprise to me. 

Things are so confrontational at the present time in politics, 

to see that occur, I said: That fellow is going to be here a 

long time. And I believe it. He is going to be here a long 

time. 

Just this past week, he got on to my crusade of trying to 

get jobs and industry. He’s following in the footsteps of our 

distinguished former colleague, the senior Senator from Kentucky, Wendell Ford, who is on the floor and graces us. He 

makes me feel like old times when he was our whip, and no 

one, as chairman of the Rules Committee, did a better job. 

But Lindsey Graham went out of his way to get things done. 

This past week he has been taking around Ambassadors 

from various countries to prompt their interest in investing 

in South Carolina. As Governor, I started going on trips in 

1960 to encourage businesses to move to South Carolina, and 

now we have 134 German companies in South Carolina. We 

have French Michelin, and we have Japanese Hitachi, Fuji, 

and others. Now, Senator Graham is working the beat. He 

is a realist, and he knows how to get things done. 

I cannot thank him enough for being already distinguished, not just because we gave him the title, but because 

I have heard from colleagues on both sides of the aisle: That 

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fellow, Lindsey Graham, is really a fine fellow. He is working, and you really ought to be proud of him. 

I address the distinguished Senator from South Carolina 

by saying that the only way I can show my gratitude is to 

make sure he gets this desk. I have the John C. Calhoun 

desk. You will laugh, Wendell. When I got here I told Senator Russell, ‘‘I would like to have this desk.’’ He said: ‘‘Colleague, colleague, colleague’’—you know how he talked—‘‘I 

guess you would like to have this desk. My father sat at this 

desk, my mother sat at this desk, and I am sitting at this 

desk.’’

I said: ‘‘Excuse me, I didn’t know all three of them had 

been there.’’

He came to me the night before he left, and gave me the 

Calhoun desk, and I am going to make sure the Sergeant at 

Arms gets this desk to Senator Graham. 

This is my chance to thank my colleagues for putting up 

with me for 38 years. I thank the distinguished staff, not 

just my staff and the committee staff, but particularly this 

afternoon the floor staff, Marty and Lula and everybody else. 

We couldn’t get anything done without their wonderful help. 

And I thank the poor reporters. If you can understand what 

I am saying—They are always asking later, Mr. President: 

What did he say and how did he say it? 

I will never forget politicking for President. I went up to 

Worcester, MA. I kept calling it Worcester. I knocked on the 

door and the lady said: Who are you? I said: FRITZ HOLLINGS. She thought it was a German trucking company. I do 

thank the reporters who have done an outstanding job for 

me over the many years. 

I started my career as a trial lawyer, and I made enough 

as a good trial lawyer to afford to come to Washington and 

be in the U.S. Senate. Senators don’t make enough money. 

You ought to double their pay, and I say that before leaving. 

I have said that along with Ted Stevens for years. No little 

young fledgling lawyer, such as HOLLINGS, can afford to run, 

keep up two homes, and everything else. It can’t happen anymore. You all are just politically using the salary and not 

really attracting the best of the best. 

I don’t leave with the idea that the Senate is not what it 

used to be in the sense of personnel. We have a way better 

group of Senators. We had five drunks or six drunks when 

I came here. There is nobody drunk in the U.S. Senate. We 

don’t have time to be drunk and, more than that, we have 

the women. We had one woman [in the Senate] early in my 

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career. She was outstanding, but she was outstandingly 

quiet. That was Margaret Chase Smith from Maine, a wonderful lady. Now we have 14, and you can’t shut them up. 

They keep on talking and talking and talking. If you get into 

a debate with Barbara Mikulski or Barbara Boxer, they will 

take your head off, I can tell you that. They know how to 

present a viewpoint, and that is very valuable. 

The Senators have done a wonderful job. The Senate itself 

is the greatest of institutions, but I know we can do better. 

As a trial lawyer, I was overjoyed. When I came here, we 

had the proceeding to learn the truth and we could hear the 

best of witnesses. I had better clients as a U.S. Senator, and 

obviously, I could make the final argument to the jury and 

then go in the jury room and vote. That, to me, is a trial lawyer. I had reached the ultimate. 

Yet as I am leaving, I am very sensitive to the full docket 

of unfinished business. I am constantly being asked about 

legacy, legacy, legacy. I am thinking the things we ought to 

have done long ago and have not done because rather than 

seeking the truth—and I say this advisedly—we have obscured it. 

Take right now the issue that is going to confront us tomorrow afternoon or Thursday of raising the debt limit. I 

read the business page of The New York Times this morning. 

We are spending at the rate of $600 billion more than we are 

taking in. That is a deficit. 

Don’t give me this doubletalk of on-budget deficit, offbudget, or government debt and public debt. We are spending $600 billion more than we are taking in, which is 6 percent of our GNP. In the European Union, if you exceed 3 percent of your gross national product, you are not eligible to be 

in the European Union. Here we are telling the world what 

they ought to do in diplomacy, international affairs, defense 

affairs, and fiscal affairs, and we would not even be eligible 

to be in the European Union. 

We have, Mr. President, the economy on steroids. Add it 

up. Add up the deficit of 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004—those 

4 years—and you have $1.7 trillion that we have goosed into 

the economy with these tax cuts. We have not increased 

spending on the war $1.7 trillion. No, no. We have tax cut, 

tax cut, tax cut, and they still want more tax cuts. I am talking bipartisan because both sides are guilty. I am not talking 

in a partisan fashion. 

We have to do something about that deficit. I was here 

when we balanced the budget without Social Security in 

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1968. President Clinton got the government back into the 

black. But when Bush came in he turned a $6 trillion projected surplus to a $5 trillion projected deficit, and now we 

have to increase the debt limit. Now the dollar is in a deep 

dive. Interest rates are going to have to go up. We are depending on financing our debt some $700 billion by the Japanese, $170 billion by the Chinese, and $67 billion by Korea. 

Can you imagine going with a tin cup to Korea, begging: 

Please finance my debt because I need another tax cut? 

What about Social Security? Let’s tell the truth about it 

because there isn’t any question that we have been spending 

Social Security moneys for any and everything but Social Security, in violation of the law. 

And don’t give me this thing about, oh, yeah, Lyndon 

Johnson used Social Security. He did not. Look at the record. 

He balanced it, and we did not spend Social Security moneys 

until the seventies when Wilbur Mills, the chairman of the 

Ways and Means Committee on the House side, started giving these inordinate COLAs. We started draining the fund. 

We appointed the Greenspan Commission in 1983. The 

Greenspan Commission came out with an inordinately high 

tax to take care of the baby boomers in the next generation. 

Don’t misunderstand me. They act like the baby boomers are 

coming along as a new problem. We foresaw that in 1983. 

We said, as a result of this high tax, do not spend this 

money on anything but Social Security. 

I fought like a tiger, but we finally got it into law. On November 5, 1990, George Herbert Walker Bush signed into 

law section 13301 that says that the President and the Congress cannot use Social Security moneys for budget purposes. 

I was talking a minute ago to my distinguished colleague 

from South Carolina. He is going to try, I guess, to raise 

taxes. I would support it so long as we are not raising taxes 

for anything and everything but Social Security. You are 

going to have to increase the age. You are going to have to 

get some revenues to make it fiscally sound. But if we started immediately with the Social Security surplus going to just 

the Social Security Trust Fund, we immediately have $160 

billion, and with that $160 billion in 7 years, we would have 

$1 trillion and you wouldn’t have to worry until 2045 or 

2050, and there would not be any crisis. We ought to study 

that. 

It is the same with trade. Everywhere in the land people 

cry: Free trade, free trade, free trade. There is no such thing; 

never has there been and never will there be free trade. I 

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know about freer governmental restrictions, subsidies, and 

quotas, but that is not going to happen. 

People ought to remember that we built this industrial 

giant and power, the United States of America, with protectionism. The Brits corresponded with the Founding Fathers, 

and they said: Under David Ricardo’s comparative advantage, what needs to be done is we will trade with you what 

we produce best and you trade back with us what you 

produce best. Free trade, free trade, free trade. 

Hamilton wrote the Report on Manufacturers. He said to 

Britain: Bug off, we are not going to remain your colony. We 

are going to maintain our own manufacturing capacity. The 

second bill that ever passed this Congress in history, on July 

4, 1789, was a 50-percent tariff on articles and we started 

with protectionism, linking the steel mills with protectionism. Roosevelt came in with protective subsidies on agriculture. Our friend, President Eisenhower, had import 

quotas on oil—protectionism. President Kennedy came in 

with a 7-point program to protect textiles. More recently our 

good friend President Ronald Reagan put in voluntary restraint agreements on automobiles, steel, hand tools, and 

semiconductors. 

Ask Andy Grove if he would have Intel today if President 

Reagan had not put in that protectionist measure. There 

would not be any Intel. 

We did that with Sematech and everybody knows it. But 

we were treating trade as aid in the war of capitalism versus 

communism right after World War II. We had the only industry. So we sent over, with the Marshall Plan, money, experts, equipment, and we started giving away my textile industry—giving it away. 

Right now 70 percent of the clothing I am looking at is imported; 86 percent of the shoes on the floor are imported. It 

is all gone. All that time they said: Don’t worry. We are 

going to be a service economy. My light bill in South Carolina is administered in Bangalore, India. So we have lost the 

service economy. We have lost the manufacturing economy 

and capacity. 

What happens is your security is like a three-legged stool. 

You have the one leg, your values as a nation. Around the 

world we stand for individual freedom and democracy. We 

have the second leg, unquestioned, as a military superpower. 

The third leg—the economy—has been fractured intentionally and we are happy about it because capitalism has 

defeated communism in Europe, in the Soviet Union, and in 

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the Pacific rim. And it is defeating it right now in China. 

Let’s not disturb it and what have you, except to begin to 

compete. As Akio Morita says: ‘‘That world power that loses 

its manufacturing capacity will cease to be a world power. 

What we need to do is to rebuild.’’

We can begin to immediately rebuild by changing the culture, the mindset, the legislation. Around here we passed, 4 

weeks ago, a $50 billion tax cut bill that was supposed to 

represent foreign credit sales. Instead, it subsidized the export of jobs, the outsourcing of jobs overseas. 

We are still treating trade as aid. If you are going to open 

up Sununu Manufacturing, before you open the door you 

have to have a minimum wage, clean air, clean water, Social 

Security, Medicare, Medicaid, plant closing notice, parental 

leave, OSHA, a safe working place, safe machinery, and I 

can go all the way down. And in Manchester, NH, your competition has moved to China because they can operate and 

produce there for 58 cents an hour and none of those requirements. If you don’t move to China yourself, you are 

going broke. You will go bankrupt. 

The policy of the crowd that is hollering and wailing and 

moaning about the outsourcing of jobs is exactly the policy 

of the very crowd that is causing that outsourcing. If you 

head up a multinational, you are supposed to compete and 

make a profit. 

We are supposed to create a strong economy and produce 

jobs. The Congress of the United States, the Senate, we are 

the guilty parties. We have to put in a change of the culture. 

We need a Department of Trade and Commerce, and to put 

the Special Trade Representative over there and to do away 

with the International Trade Commission, because this is 

just a sop. The International Trade Administration—and not 

Commission—should find the penalty rather than having 

that separate hearing and say there is no injury and everything else of that kind. 

I have worked with the lawyers. We need a Deputy Attorney General for Trade in the Justice Department. We have 

one for antitrust. We have one for civil rights. We have one 

for taxation. We don’t have one for trade. We need somebody 

enforcing those laws. We need, by gosh, to turn around and 

start competing the way they have done. 

Let me just say what we need to do is get ahold of ourselves and realize we have a problem. I was at a meeting 

earlier today where one of the Senators was counseling the 

new Senators: ‘‘Don’t take too many committees. The new 

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ones are going to take all the committees.’’ Our time has 

come. We want it all. So we want all the committees. 

The rules ought to say a Senator should not be on any 

more than two committees. You can’t keep up with it. I am 

on the Appropriations Committee. They used to have 17 

members; now they have 29 members. You know, the Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense has 19 members. You 

can’t hardly get a quorum for the Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense. Everybody wants to be on all the committees, so you have your staffs doing all the work, because 

you can’t keep up. 

But the main culprit, the cancer on the body politic, is 

money: Money, money, money. When I ran 6 years ago, in 

1998, I raised $8.5 million. That $8.5 million is $30,000 a 

week, every week, for 6 years. If you miss Christmas week, 

you miss New Year’s week, you are $100,000 in the hole and 

don’t you think we don’t know it and we start to work harder 

at raising money. 

As a result, the Senate doesn’t work on Mondays and Fridays. We have longer holidays. The policy committee is adjourned and we go over to the campaign building because 

you can’t call for money in the office. So we go over to the 

building and call for money and obviously we only can give 

attention to that. We don’t have time for each other. We 

don’t have time for constituents, except for the givers. Somebody ought to tell the truth about that. Unless and until we 

excise this cancer, the Congress and government are going to 

languish alone because it has to be done. 

When I helped write the Federal Election Campaign Practices Act in 1973, we said each Senator would be limited to 

so much per registered voter. That meant that Strom Thurmond and I were limited to $637,000. Fast forward 25 years, 

add in inflation, and give me $2.5 million. Quadruple it, $2.5 

million but not $8.5 or $10 million that you have to spend 

because all your time is on the campaign and not the country. I can tell you right now we are in real, real trouble. 

I worked with John McCain and Russell Feingold on the 

McCain-Feingold bill; I worked with Senator Biden on public 

finance. What really needs to be done, and I tried 20 years 

ago, is to put in a constitutional amendment that Congress 

is hereby empowered to regulate or control spending in Federal elections. 

Then we can go back to the 1973 act: So much per registered voter. When you are limited to $2.5 million, you have 

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paign; you have limited the expenditures of the campaign. 

Then you have time for constituents. Then you have time for 

problems. 

When I came here, Mike Mansfield would have a vote at 

9 o’clock just about every Monday morning and we would 

work to Friday at 5 o’clock. We all stayed here on the weekends and we didn’t have all of these long holidays we have 

now. 

But if you want to limit campaigning and if you want to 

change—as Abe Lincoln said—disenthrall ourselves of the 

dogmas of the quiet past that are inadequate for the stormy 

present of money grubbing, then we have to think anew and 

act anew. We need to disenthrall ourselves from this money 

grubbing and go to work finally for the country instead of 

the campaign. 

That is our situation. I have watched it. I have studied it. 

I have seen it. They don’t have me going to meetings. They 

have me going to the telephone and calling and calling, traveling all over the country for money. Money is a cancer on 

the body politic. 

Other than that, I have spoken seriously about trying to 

face up to some of these problems that we have confronting 

us. There are a lot of opportunities. 

They are talking now about immigration. Mexico is not a 

foreign country. They are our neighbor. All you have to do 

is put down the billions that we spend: Give them a Marshall Plan, increase their standard of living just like Canada. 

Then you don’t have immigration. I can tell you right now, 

the money spent on immigration, drugs, and border patrol, 

and financing that government out of the banks in New York 

and then refinancing it on us taxpayers, we could have a 

Marshall Plan and solve the problem. 

There are a lot of problems that we can solve. But if there 

is a last word, it is one of gratitude. This has been the finest 

experience I have ever had. When you come right down to 

it, I was always worried that I couldn’t make enough money 

to stay in Washington. Now I have looked at my trial lawyer 

colleagues who made a lot of money. Most of them are dead. 

Those who are alive are looking for a new golf course and a 

new drink and they don’t know anything about what is going 

on and they are not interested in anything going on. If you 

really want to be enriched in your life be a U.S. Senator. The 

best postgraduate course is to run and be in this Senate. 

It is with heartfelt gratitude I thank the colleagues for 

their indulgence this afternoon, particularly my colleague, 

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[ xvii ] 

Senator Graham. We just have a fine time working together, 

and I know he will be representing us in the Senate for 

years to come. 

Mr. President, I yield the floor. 

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TRIBUTES 

TO 

ERNEST F. HOLLINGS 

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Proceedings in the Senate 

TUESDAY, November 16, 2004 

Mr. GRAHAM of South Carolina. Mr. President, the task 

at hand for me is a difficult one. I want to take some time 

to talk about my senior Senator, Senator HOLLINGS, who is 

retiring. Trying to do justice to his career is going to be a difficult task for me, but I will do my best. 

I want the people of South Carolina to understand that 

whatever differences I may have with Senator HOLLINGS, 

they are political in nature. They have never been personal, 

and I cannot thank him enough for the time he has dedicated to the transition from the House to the Senate for our 

office. Senator HOLLINGS has been a tremendous benefit to 

me personally. He has made the transition from the House 

to the Senate very enjoyable. He has helped my staff. He has 

been indispensable in our getting started in the Senate. I 

want to thank him personally and thank him for the 

kindnesses he has shown to me. 

Trying to follow Senator Thurmond and Senator HOLLINGS

is a tough act. South Carolinians have relied on these two 

great gentlemen for literally my entire lifetime. With the retirement of Senator HOLLINGS, I think it is going to be hard 

to put in words how much he will be missed by the Senate 

and South Carolina. 

But when you start talking about a man, trying to give 

tribute to him, I think the first thing you have to start with 

is what means most to that person, to the man himself, and 

to his family. His wife Peatsy is one of the most delightful 

people you ever hope to meet. She is beloved by the colleagues in this Chamber and their spouses on both sides of 

the aisle. She is a joy to be with. She is a lot of fun, and she 

has been a great soulmate to Senator HOLLINGS for many 

years. I know he is equally proud of his children. He lost a 

daughter. It is a terrible thing to have happen. He is the father of four children and I think he has seven grandchildren. 

For those people listening in South Carolina, the demands 

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rifices in a variety of ways, whether it is going back home 

on the weekend to try to say hello to constituents or to be 

in a parade. I don’t think we stress enough how important 

families are to Members. Senator HOLLINGS has enjoyed the 

support of a first-class group of family members who have 

represented South Carolina very well. 

Wherever Peatsy Hollings goes, South Carolina goes, and 

there is no better way to be introduced in our State than to 

meet her. 

Senator HOLLINGS’s time in the Senate will be coming to 

an end. He has chosen to retire. It is a lifetime of public 

service that I will try to talk about in the next 10 or 15 minutes. 

As his generation is noted for ‘‘The Greatest Generation,’’

the World War II generation, he seems to have been there 

every time his State and his country needed him. He was a 

graduate of the Citadel. He graduated in 1942. 

As you can tell by his accent, which is the ultimate low 

country accent, he is from Charleston. If you had to create 

an image of a Senator, he would be my model. He looks like 

a Senator and he sounds like a Senator, and he also acts like 

a Senator. I mean that in the highest form of a compliment. 

He has represented my State since 1996 in the Senate but 

that is not the first time he has represented my State. It is 

not the first time he has served this country. As I mentioned, 

in 1942 he graduated from the Citadel. That was the class 

that got their diploma in the morning, got commissioned in 

the afternoon, and their orders the next day and they went 

off to fight a war. He is very emblematic of that generation. 

They never really had a chance to be young because the day 

they graduated college they went off to take on a vicious 

enemy. 

People talk about 1-year tours and the stress it puts on 

families—that is true—but in World War II you signed up 

for the duration. You didn’t know when you were coming 

home and you didn’t know if you were coming home. You 

were coming home when the war was over, when Berlin fell 

and when Tokyo fell. His generation never enjoyed the benefits of getting out of college and being young men or young 

women because they had a tough task at hand at an early 

age. 

Let it be said for Senator HOLLINGS and an entire generation, you handled the job exceedingly well. You rose to the 

occasion. You made the world free. If the Senator had done 

nothing else, that would have been a pretty good legacy for 

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life. He went on to fight in North Africa and Europe. He 

fought the Nazis. He received the Bronze Star and seven 

campaign ribbons. He was in the action. He did his job well. 

He commanded troops in combat. 

At the ripe old age of 26 he went back to South Carolina, 

but a 26-year-old back then is not like a 26-year-old in normal times. I would argue that the 26-year-olds who come 

back from Iraq are going to be a little bit different, too. I can 

only imagine how war matures and ages you. It makes you 

able to put in perspective what is important. And his entire 

generation has had that perspective from the time they came 

back from the war and for the rest of their lives. 

It was shown in Senator Thurmond’s and Senator HOLLINGS’s lives. Both are World War II veterans. When he 

came back to South Carolina, he was elected to the House 

of Representatives at the age of 26. Shortly thereafter, he became speaker pro tempore. So his colleagues saw in him 

something of a leader at an early age. They saw what the 

rest of South Carolina has seen for decades: Somebody who 

will speak their mind. You can be on the receiving end of 

speaking that mind—I have been on the receiving end—but 

he is fair. He has been tough on everybody. But people know 

he has a good heart. And he also has a good heart for South 

Carolina. That is why his colleagues put him at a young age 

in charge in the House. 

In the Brown v. Board of Education litigation, one of the 

first cases that came about was the South Carolina case involving Clarendon County. Senator HOLLINGS participated in 

that case. It was a life-changing experience. 

In 1953, he became Lieutenant Governor. In 1958, he was 

elected Governor, the youngest Governor in South Carolina 

history at that time. From 1959 to 1963, he was a young 

Governor who had served in World War II, participated in 

one of the greatest legal cases of our time, and he took that 

experience and changed my State for the better. 

From 1959 to 1963, if you open up any history book, particularly in the South, these are tremendously troubling 

times. Social change is abounding. The old way of doing business is being challenged. People are fighting and sometimes 

dying throughout the South to bring about a new way of 

doing business. 

I never will forget Senator HOLLINGS telling me about the 

court appearance in the Supreme Court when an African 

American lawyer stood up and talked about fighting in the 

war, coming back home and being told to go to the back of 

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the bus. And Senator HOLLINGS said, ‘‘that ended it for me. 

There was no way that I was going to be a voice for segregation.’’ It hit him like a ton of bricks. 

One of his best legacies for my State and the Nation and 

the power of the Governor from 1959 to 1963—no lives were 

lost in South Carolina—as he was leaving the office, there 

are all kinds of speeches going on in the South by Governors. 

Some people were standing in front of a schoolhouse and saying: You are not coming in; segregation now and segregation 

forever. Senator HOLLINGS said that in South Carolina we 

will be a government of laws, not men. He challenged my 

State to accept the inevitable. He challenged my State to respect the Supreme Court decision. He led the way to the successful integration of Clemson University in 1963. 

The list goes on and on of what he has done to empower 

African Americans in South Carolina. He has been a champion for racial fairness his entire time. It is fashionable now. 

It is the politically correct thing to do now. But in 1963 it 

was not the politically correct thing to do in South Carolina 

or any other southern State. But he chose the path less traveled. Our State is better off for it, and because of his leadership and others who followed, we were able to do things in 

South Carolina in a way of which we should all be proud. 

Hats off to you for that, Senator HOLLINGS. 

During the time as Governor, he did some things economically that we have the benefit of today. Our technical school 

program, for those who are not familiar with South Carolina, 

is No. 1 in the Nation. If you are looking at doing business 

in South Carolina, we have a technical school system that 

will meet your needs. We will design a training program for 

your employees, specifically for your business. We have thousands of South Carolinians receiving college level education 

through our technical schools in an affordable manner. We 

have 16 colleges now, over 160 career programs and hightech professionals who have made the Michelins, BMWs, and 

Fujis possible to come to our State. He is the father of that 

legislation. 

If he had done nothing else, that would have been a great 

tribute, but there is a lot more that he has done. He created 

the South Carolina public broadcasting system, one of the 

best in the Nation, if not the best in the Nation. South Carolina ETV is known all over the world, really. 

As a young Governor, he took the road less traveled; he invested in education in a new and different way that pays 

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dividends today. That is something he should be proud of 

and I am proud of on his behalf. 

In 1966, as a young man, he came to the Senate. I don’t 

have the time to read his legislative accomplishments because it would take most of the afternoon. It is fair to say 

that since Senator HOLLINGS has been in the Senate he has 

not let any grass grow under his feet. He has been one of the 

most proactive Senators I have ever known. Almost anything 

that has been done in South Carolina with Federal assistance has been as a result of his efforts and that of Senator 

Thurmond. 

Primarily, Senator HOLLINGS has led the charge on the 

Appropriations Committee in making sure South Carolina 

was as well taken care of in terms of Federal Government 

assistance as humanly possible. You will be missed, Senator 

HOLLINGS. 

I will have, along with Senator DeMint, a very tough act 

to follow. We will try our best. But the Senator has done 

some things that I don’t think most people know about but 

which have had a huge impact on who we are as a State and 

really the Nation. 

The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 was Federal 

legislation for the first time addressing the coastal areas of 

the United States. In 1972, you were so far ahead of your 

time. The Coastal Zone Management Act allowed Senator 

HOLLINGS to be named Environmentalist of the Year by 

about every group in the Nation. Because of that act, we 

have come up with a plan to manage our coastline in terms 

of erosion. 

The Senator has also contributed to the clean health of the 

ocean, in 1976, with the Ocean Dumping Act and the Maritime Transportation Act, a series of legislation that Senator 

HOLLINGS offered that has changed the way we treat our 

coastlines as a nation. 

He probably has the most proactive environmental policy 

that we have had as a nation dealing with our coastal areas. 

It was a result of his efforts. Long after he is gone, the coastline of South Carolina and every other coast in the United 

States will be the beneficiary of his time in the Senate. 

He was talking about deficits before it was fashionable. 

Gramm-Rudman-Hollings was an attempt in the eighties to 

bring fiscal sanity to the Congress. By the time the nineties 

came along, it becomes the way we campaign. About 10 

years after his efforts—along with his colleagues, Senators 

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Gramm and Rudman—it got to be the fashionable thing in 

politics to talk about not running up the debt. 

Senator HOLLINGS was talking about the social integrity of 

Social Security before anyone else I have ever known. What 

are we talking about today? We are going to save Social Security. I hope we do. It would be wise to listen and learn 

from what he has been trying to instruct us to do. 

The first national park and only national park in South 

Carolina happened a couple years ago, the Congaree Swamp. 

That will be a monument to a balance between development 

and the environment for the rest of the time that South 

Carolina exists. Long after we are gone the Congaree Swamp 

will be well taken care of. 

There are so many things. The Ace Basin is probably one 

of the best monuments to our Creator. God has been good to 

South Carolina. When you travel through our State from the 

mountains to the sea, you will see some nature that is beyond description. From the mountains to the sea, Senator 

HOLLINGS has been integrally involved in preserving what 

God has given us. The Ace Basin is a project he helped fund 

that has saved some coastal areas and some waterways in 

South Carolina. The whole basin is a monument to the environment. We worked together preserving over 30,000 acres 

in perpetuity in South Carolina. The Congaree Swamp is in 

the middle. 

As we look back over Senator HOLLINGS’s time in the Senate, you can see that he used his power in the Senate to 

make sure that future generations of South Carolinians 

would enjoy the things he has experienced as a young man. 

What better legacy to leave than a State that maintains its 

beauty. 

He has been aggressive when it comes to changing the fabric of the education climate in South Carolina with technical 

schools. One thing he should be most proud of is the Hollings 

Cancer Institute at the Medical University of South Carolina. South Carolina has pockets of health care problems 

that are Third World in nature. One day we are going to conquer these problems, but we have a litany of health care 

problems in South Carolina. My mother died of Hodgkin’s 

disease. The Hollings Cancer Institute and the Medical University of South Carolina is doing some research that will 

pay great dividends in the future in terms of conquering this 

disease called cancer. 

My personal commitment to Senator HOLLINGS is that I 

will continue to build upon what the Senator has started. It 

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is my hope that the National Cancer Institute will designate 

this and we will try our best to make sure this happens as 

a tribute to the Senator. 

Again, I could go through legislative enactments, specific 

projects that have helped South Carolina, but I would like to 

end by saying that life is short. No matter how long it seems 

you have been around, it really is a small time in the scheme 

of things. South Carolina has enjoyed two long-serving Senators: Senator Thurmond and Senator HOLLINGS. Both will 

have departed the Senate come next January. Let it be said 

about Senator HOLLINGS that his time in the Senate will be 

felt by South Carolinians as long as there is a South Carolina. What the Senator has been able to do with the power 

entrusted to him by the people of South Carolina is to bring 

about a lot of good, Senator HOLLINGS. The Senator has 

made our State a better place to live. The Senator has preserved things that would have been lost without the Senator. 

The Senator has talked about the future in responsible 

terms. The Senator has served our Nation during peace and 

war. The Senator has served South Carolina and the Senate 

well. 

I am honored to call you my senior Senator. It is my wish 

that you have many more years to help my State, help our 

State, and help our Nation. I hope that comes to pass. 

As I try to go forward as a Senator from South Carolina, 

I hope I am smart enough to draw upon what you have done 

and look at the model you have created and build upon that 

model. 

I am a Republican; Senator HOLLINGS is a Democrat. That 

means something, but it really does not mean that much because we are both Americans, and we both love South Carolina. 

God bless, Godspeed, and well done. 

Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I wanted to come to the floor 

to say that this Senator is going to miss the booming voice 

and the southern drawl of the Senator from South Carolina 

who is one of a few who has relentlessly, over a long period 

of time, talked about the issue of international trade. He has 

talked about how it relates to our country’s economy. Very 

few come to the floor to talk about the doctrine of comparative advantage and Adam Smith and the kind of things that 

I have had the privilege of hearing from Senator HOLLINGS. 

As one who comes to the floor to talk about trade a lot, I 

am going to miss very much the work which has been done 

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by Senator HOLLINGS and which he has been doing for so 

many years. He is absolutely right about these issues. 

They will take a look at statements and say, well, he is a 

protectionist. I don’t view Senator HOLLINGS as wanting to 

put up walls around this country. I think if the charge is 

that Senator HOLLINGS or I or others want to protect the economic interests of the United States, we ought to plead 

guilty quickly. That is why I am here and why he has served 

this country for so many decades. We want to protect the 

economic interests of this country. 

I wanted to say, having heard the comments just offered 

by my colleague from South Carolina, how proud I am to 

have served with him. Being here when Senator HOLLINGS

was here and when Senator Byrd has been here and a few 

others is a very special privilege for someone like myself. 

Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, will the distinguished 

Senator yield? 

Mr. DORGAN. Of course, I yield. 

Mr. HOLLINGS. I wanted to thank the distinguished Senator from North Dakota. He has been in the vanguard. He 

headed up our policy committee and we have learned more. 

I was on the original policy committee under Senator Mansfield. But it has been quite an education. He has really put 

the program so we can learn about the issues. I thank him 

for that. But I particularly want to commend him for his 

leadership on trade because he has been leading the way on 

that score. I thank him very much. 

Mr. DORGAN. I thank my colleague from South Carolina 

and wish him well. 

THURSDAY, November 18, 2004 

Mr. BURNS. I came down here today to talk about other 

men who will be leaving this Senate, including Senator HOLLINGS from South Carolina. He was chairman of the Commerce Committee when I first came here in 1988 and 1989. 

I was up to my eyes in confusion, trying to drink out of a 

fire hydrant to take it all in. My former chairman of the 

Commerce Committee was part of my education, a very important part of it, in understanding the work done in the 

committees and this business of setting policy that conforms 

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to the wants and desires of our States and what is good for 

the country. 

One time I offered a little amendment that had a farreaching effect in the debate of regulating the cable industry. 

I didn’t want to do that but I wanted to give him a little 

competition to make them better. I offered an amendment 

without telling anybody on the committee, without telling a 

soul. 

I will tell the Presiding Officer I know what it is like to 

sit way down at the end of the committee because when I 

came here my seniority was S100. 

I remember the chairman, Mr. HOLLINGS, saying, I’ve 

never heard of anything like that. It was pretty obvious we 

were going to have to go to a vote. He didn’t know if he had 

enough votes to defeat it and I didn’t know if I had enough 

votes to pass it. An instance such as that calls for a little 

backroom sitdown, talk about this, and see what it does to 

the issue. 

I was right there with him. Senator Inouye from Hawaii 

was also in the meeting. One can start to learn the ways of 

the Senate especially in the areas of committee work. 

I will miss ERNEST HOLLINGS because he has been an institution here serving from the 89th through the 108th Congress. That is a great tradition. 

The Presiding Officer knows and understands ERNEST

HOLLINGS. We may disagree on philosophy but we did not 

disagree on America. * * * 

As to all of these men, I want to say you do form relationships here, and there is a certain bond that attracts us all, 

as we learn that even though you may be on the same side 

of the aisle or the opposite side of the aisle, one could always 

agree or disagree without being disagreeable. That is what 

makes the Senate a special place. 

We will miss all of these men, but I am looking forward 

to those who take their place as, there again, new relationships will be developed, a new bond dealing with the old 

challenges of a free society, with those who love the Constitution and love this country who were prepared to die for 

it and would if asked to do so today. No one doubts the depth 

of their patriotism nor their service to their country. We welcome them as we say goodbye to old friends, old relationships that will never be forgotten. 

Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, the end of the 108th Congress 

marks the end of an era. It marks the end of a remarkable 

career of a remarkable man. 

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I will not say goodbye to Senator HOLLINGS. His personality, his sense of humor, his achievements, his legacy will 

forever be a part of this Chamber. But I do take a few minutes of the Senate’s time to thank Senator ERNEST HOLLINGS. 

I thank him for being an outstanding Senator. I thank him 

for his service to our country. I thank him for being a friend. 

I have been honored to call him my colleague for almost 40 

years. 

The man who is destined to become a legend in the political history of South Carolina politics was a New Year’s Day 

baby. He was born on January 1, 1922. After graduating 

from the Citadel, he served in the U.S. Army during World 

War II. This combat veteran, who served in North Africa and 

in Europe, was awarded seven campaign stars and was discharged with the rank of captain. 

After the war, he earned his law degree from the University of South Carolina in 1947 and then began his extraordinary career in public service in 1947. That was the year in 

which he earned his law degree. 

In 1947, at the age of 26, he was elected to the South 

Carolina State Legislature where he served until 1954, while 

1947 was the year in which I was sworn in at the West Virginia House of Delegates in Charleston, WV. 

During his last 3 years in the South Carolina State Legislature, he served as its speaker pro tempore. 

In 1954, at the age of 32, he was elected Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. 

Four years later, in 1958, at the age of 36, he became one 

of the youngest men ever elected Governor of his beloved 

State. From what I understand, he was an outstanding Governor. Senator HOLLINGS would be outstanding in any office 

in which he would ever serve. He earned a reputation as the 

education Governor because he raised teachers’ salaries, 

launched new and innovative educational programs, including a superb technical training program, and set up a commission that improved the State’s higher education system. 

In 1966 he was elected to the Senate. Here he has stayed 

for 38 years. I am glad he stayed. He has been a very colorful Senator, an outstanding and outspoken Senator with a 

booming voice. 

The stentorian voice could be heard, I am sure, throughout 

this Chamber, without a public address system. When he 

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tem in the Senate, but we had Senators who could be heard. 

It was a practice in those days for other Senators to gather 

closer to the Senator who was speaking. It was also a practice for other Senators to be informed when a new Senator 

was going to speak. New Senators did not speak the first 

week or the first month, but only after several months did 

they speak. Before they spoke, the word went around that so 

and so was going to deliver his maiden speech or her maiden 

speech. In those days there was one lady in the Senate, Margaret Chase Smith of Maine. But we didn’t have any public 

address system. 

I recall when we started to discuss having a public address 

system in the Senate, I was opposed to it. I wanted the Senate to remain the Senate of the decades that had preceded 

our own times. 

But he was colorful and he was a Senator who had that 

booming voice that could be projected and heard in the galleries, and today Senator HOLLINGS does not need a microphone. 

He was from the old school of Senators who placed public 

interest over partisan politics. Oh, that we had more Senators like that, more Senators like Senator HOLLINGS who 

put first the public’s interest, the interest of those people 

who are watching through that electronic eye just behind the 

Presiding Officer’s desk; the eyes of the people come through 

that electronic eye, which extends the galleries beyond the 

capacity that we see here. It extends those galleries out to 

the outermost parts of the country, north and south, out to 

the Pacific, out to the great Rocky Mountains, out to the 

broad prairies, out to the farms, out to the hills of West Virginia, that great medium. 

This Senator from South Carolina, unlike so many Senators of today, placed the public interest over partisan politics. And he still does. He never hesitated to criticize a President of his own political party as well as the opposition party 

when he knew in his heart and in his conscience that President was wrong. If it were a President of his own party, let 

it be. 

While in the Senate, Senator HOLLINGS has served on the 

Senate’s Budget and Appropriations Committees, served as 

chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee, served as 

chairman of a number of Senate subcommittees. Just as he 

had been a loyal and proud servant of his own State of South 

Carolina, he has been a loyal and proud servant of our country. In the Senate, he has been a forceful advocate of a reVerDate jan 13 2004 11:07 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097210 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 6688 Sfmt 6688 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97210.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE
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sponsible energy policy. In fact, as early as 1967, Senator 

HOLLINGS was warning that our country faced a future of energy crises, and he was calling for a national energy policy. 

He authored legislation to create the Department of Energy and the Automobile Fuel Economy Act that requires the 

miles-per-gallon sticker on new cars. 

He has been a determined advocate of a cleaner and 

healthier environment. In this effort, he formulated legislation to protect our marine environment, sponsored legislation 

to prevent the dumping of polluting materials in the ocean, 

and authored the Coastal Zone Management Act to protect 

our coastal waters and tidelands. He is the recognized legislative ‘‘father’’ of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA. 

In the Senate, Senator HOLLINGS continued promoting 

technical training as he fought to establish trade schools that 

specialize in retraining workers and offer alternatives for 

people who choose not to pursue a university degree. 

In the Senate, Senator HOLLINGS has tenaciously opposed 

trade deals that threaten American jobs. Oh, if there were 

more like him. His fights in this area have involved opposing 

Presidents, opposing Presidents whom he charged were ‘‘giving away the store’’ in our trade treaties. He has fought to 

protect and increase Social Security benefits for our elderly 

Americans. 

Concerned about the widespread poverty across the South, 

in 1968, he undertook a series of ‘‘hunger tours’’ that highlighted the issue. He later authored a powerful study, The 

Case Against Hunger: A Demand for a National Policy that 

advocated programs to address the persistence of abject poverty in the United States. Putting his words into action, he 

helped lead the congressional effort to establish the Women, 

Infants and Children—WIC—Nutritional Assistance Program, and he helped to advance the Nation’s community 

health centers, which provide primary and preventive health 

services in underserved communities. 

Long before the Bush administration’s record-breaking 

budget deficits, long before today’s incredible $7 trillion national debt, Senator HOLLINGS was an eloquent and powerful 

advocate of budget discipline. I did not always agree with his 

efforts, such as the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings law, but I 

never questioned Senator HOLLINGS’s dedication to trying to 

restore fiscal sanity to America’s deficit addictions. 

Although he has long been a Senator of power and influence, during the great majority of his time in this Chamber, 

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he remained the junior Senator from his State. Even after 

serving 36 years in the Senate, he was still outranked by his 

colleague from South Carolina, Senator Strom Thurmond, 

making Senator HOLLINGS the longest serving junior Senator 

in history, whatever that means. I have often wondered, having been a junior Senator and being a senior Senator now, 

what we mean by ‘‘junior Senator’’? Well, we know what it 

means, but that is all. 

It was at the age of 80 that Senator HOLLINGS finally became the senior Senator from South Carolina. He had earned 

it. He had earned it just as he has earned the respect and 

the gratitude of the people of South Carolina and the men 

and the women in this Chamber. 

Now, unfortunately, my friend and colleague is leaving us. 

Again, I will not say farewell to him. I will only thank him 

for his service and wish him well in his private life. 

I will always remember and cherish our years of working 

together on the Appropriations Committee and for the best 

interests of our great country. 

It isn’t enough that we say in our hearts 

That we like a man for his ways; 

And it isn’t enough that we fill our minds 

With psalms of silent praise; 

Nor is it enough that we honor a man 

As our confidence upward mounts; 

It’s going right up to the man himself 

And telling him so that counts. 

Then when a man does a deed that you really admire, 

Don’t leave a kind word unsaid, 

For fear to do so might make him vain 

Or cause him to lose his head; 

But reach out your hand and tell him, ‘‘Well done,’’

And see how his gratitude swells; 

It isn’t the flowers we strew on the grave, 

It’s the word to the living that tells. 

Now, unfortunately, my friend and colleague—a strong colleague on the Appropriations Committee, where we two have 

served all these many years—is leaving us. Again, I will not 

say farewell to Senator HOLLINGS. I will only thank him for 

his service and wish him well in his private life. I will always remember and cherish our years of working together. 

I shall always remember, too, that loyal, dedicated, devoted helpmate, Peatsy, who stood always at his side, always 

there to be his best confidant. Yes, Erma and I will miss 

Peatsy. 

In closing, then, let me speak just a few words from the 

‘‘Character of the Happy Warrior’’ by William Wordsworth, 

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because I think they represent my feelings toward ERNEST

FRITZ HOLLINGS: 

Who is the happy Warrior? Who is he 

That every man in arms should wish to be? 

* * * ’Tis, finally, the Man, who, lifted high, 

Conspicuous object in a Nation’s eye, 

Or left unthought-of in obscurity,—

Who, with a toward or untoward lot, 

Prosperous or adverse, to his wish or not—

Plays, in the many games of life, that one 

Where what he most doth value must be won: 

Whom neither shape or danger can dismay, 

Nor thought of tender happiness betray; 

Who, not content that former worth stand fast, 

Looks forward, persevering to the last, 

From well to better, daily self-surpast: 

Who, whether praise of him must walk the earth 

For ever, and to noble deeds give birth, 

Or he must fall, to sleep without his fame, 

And leave a dead unprofitable name—

Finds comfort in himself and in his cause; 

And, while the mortal mist is gathering, draws 

His breath in confidence of Heaven’s applause: 

This is the happy Warrior; this is he 

That every man in arms should wish to be. 

Mr. SHELBY. Mr. President, I would like to take a few 

minutes to talk about our departing colleague, the senior 

Senator from South Carolina, the senior Senator after many 

years of waiting in the wings, and that is Senator FRITZ

HOLLINGS. 

I first got to know FRITZ HOLLINGS after I came to the 

Senate in 1986. My wife Annette and I have worked with 

FRITZ and his wife Peatsy. We have traveled around the 

United States with them. We have been with them in their 

home. We visited them in Charleston. We traveled around 

the world with them. 

He is a unique individual, to say the least, but he has had, 

as the Presiding Officer knows, a distinguished career as a 

State senator in his native South Carolina and then Lieutenant Governor and Governor of his State before he came to 

the Senate I believe in 1966. 

He has had a distinguished career as chairman of the 

Commerce Committee for many years and as a senior member of the Appropriations Committee and chairman for many 

years, and ranking member now, of the Appropriations subcommittee dealing with State-Justice. 

FRITZ, we are going to miss you. We are going to miss your 

humor. We are going to miss your frankness. We are going 

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to miss your wisdom. And we are going to miss your wife 

Peatsy about whom we all care and love. You have invited 

a lot of us to visit you in Charleston. I hope you add some 

more rooms to that House there because a lot of us will be 

coming to see you. You have been a great American. 

In addition to public service to his State and to the Nation, 

FRITZ HOLLINGS was a young graduate of the Citadel in his 

hometown of Charleston before the Second World War, and 

he served with distinction as an officer in Europe for a long 

time through many battles. 

I respect you, FRITZ. I commend you for your service, and 

I look forward to visiting you both here and in Charleston in 

the years to come. 

Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, FRITZ HOLLINGS is a passionate 

advocate for the people of South Carolina, a true statesman, 

and a fine gentleman. He is one of the most senior Members 

of our body and, to all of us, he is a friend, a mentor and 

a guide. He has devoted his life to public service. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS has always shown courage, conviction, 

and an ability to get things done. His work has touched 

every corner of our country and every American’s life. 

FRITZ helped our Nation confront its spiraling budget deficits, maintain a strong posture against the Soviet Union, integrate our schools, and create the WIC Program. His work 

has helped protect our coastal ecology, preserve our oceans, 

and defend our transportation networks from terrorist attacks. And, when a family eats dinner without interruption, 

free from never-ending telemarketing calls, well, we can all 

thank FRITZ for that too. 

On trade, on spending, on taxes, on military issues, and on 

Senate pay, he has never been afraid to speak his mind, 

even when his own party, or sometimes even most of the 

Senate, disagrees with him. In the end, he has always been 

a winner thanks to his grace and honor. A summary of 

FRITZ’s legislative achievements reads an astounding eight 

single-spaced pages. He’s always campaigned on the creed 

that: ‘‘Performance is better than promise.’’ And he has lived 

up to it. 

We’ll all miss FRITZ: His friendship, his principles, and his 

willingness to tell it like it is. We wish FRITZ and Peatsy all 

the best and want them to know that they will always have 

a home, a family and a place in the history of the U.S. Senate. 

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Mr. EDWARDS. I thank my fellow Senate retirees Senator 

Breaux and Senator HOLLINGS. One thing I guarantee you: 

Our accents will be missed here on the floor of the Senate. 

Hopefully, there will be others who will be able to speak the 

way we speak. 

FRIDAY, November 19, 2004 

Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I would like to make some 

comments about our friends who are departing the Senate. * * * 

I also want to say how much I am going to miss FRITZ

HOLLINGS, an amazing man; protector of the consumers, 

guardian of the budget. * * * 

Thank you very much. 

Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, I want to close by associating myself with the remarks of the Senator from California 

and her regards and respect to the other retiring Members. 

Mr. NELSON of Florida. Mr. President, while the Senate 

is holding in abeyance for the final omnibus appropriations 

bill that the House is getting ready to file sometime tonight, 

I want to take the opportunity to pay tribute to our retiring 

Senators: Tom Daschle, FRITZ HOLLINGS, Don Nickles, John 

Breaux, Ben Nighthorse Campbell, John Edwards, Peter 

Fitzgerald, Zell Miller, and Bob Graham. 

I wish to make a speech about each one of these Senators 

who has become a dear friend, in some cases, over the years, 

such as FRITZ and Peatsy Hollings, who took special interest 

in me as I came to the Senate and made sure I got on his 

Commerce Committee, which has been just an extraordinary 

experience with him as chairman, as well as with the 

present chairman, John McCain. * * * 

So for all of these names I have mentioned, in the great 

poem ‘‘Ulysses,’’ ‘‘I am a part of all that I have met,’’ and I 

am a part of all these great Senators. I am much richer for 

it and for having been their friend. 

Mr. LAUTENBERG. I talked before about Tom Daschle. I 

also will discuss the rest of our colleagues who are leaving 

the Senate. 

When the 109th Congress convenes in January, nine of our 

current colleagues will not be here. I take a few moments to 

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pay tribute to them. Collectively, our colleagues have served 

in the Senate for 144 years. We will miss them. 

First of all, FRITZ HOLLINGS, the most senior Member leaving the Senate at this time, had a distinguished career in 

public service. It started in 1942, the same year I joined the 

Army. After he graduated from the Citadel and he received 

a commission from the U.S. Army, he served as an officer in 

the North African and European campaigns in World War II. 

He had a lot of time in combat. He got the Bronze Star and 

seven campaign ribbons. 

In 1948 he was elected to the South Carolina House of 

Representatives. Ten years later, and still only 36, FRITZ

HOLLINGS was elected Governor of South Carolina. As Governor, he showed his fearlessness and independence as a progressive southern Democrat, especially when he integrated 

Clemson University. 

In 1966, FRITZ was elected to the Senate. I don’t have time 

to list all of the things he has done in 30 years in the Senate 

or 56 years in public office, but early in his Senate career 

FRITZ focused on poverty and hunger that gripped the rural 

South and urban areas of the country. In 1968, he embarked 

on his now famous hunger tours. In 1970, he wrote about 

what he saw in a highly acclaimed book entitled The Case 

Against Hunger: A Demand for a National Policy. What a 

wonderful program that was. 

He followed up by co-authoring a bill that created the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and 

Children. We call it WIC. 

In 1972, continuing this very active campaign of writing 

legislation, he wrote the National Coastal Zone Management 

Act, the Nation’s first land use law designed to protect coastal wetlands. He played a pivotal role in establishing the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Marine 

Mammal Protection Act, the Ocean Dumping Act, and the 

Fishery Conservation Management Act. 

Perhaps he is best known for his tireless fight for fair 

trade and being a true fiscal conservative. Who can forget 

Gramm-Rudman-Hollings? I served with him many years on 

the Committee on the Budget and I can attest to his determination to put our Nation on the pay-as-you-go path rather 

than burdening future generations with escalating Federal 

deficits and debt. 

On a parochial note, I thank the Senator from South Carolina on behalf of the people of New Jersey. After September 

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ing for our ports. FRITZ HOLLINGS gallantly laid out an inspiring vision for the future of passenger rail service in our 

country. Through it all, FRITZ HOLLINGS has always been a 

southern gentleman and a Senator’s Senator. 

FRITZ’s remarks in committee and his speeches in the Senate have always been worth listening to even if some of us 

had difficulty deciphering them. He has been a true original, 

and the Senate will be poorer for his departure. 

I know he wants to spend more time with his beloved 

Peatsy, his children, and his seven grandchildren. 

FRITZ, we will miss you. I never stop being surprised when 

FRITZ HOLLINGS recalls things he did 20 or 40 years ago and 

recall them with fairly precise detail. He always has colorful 

language—except in places like the Senate—that attract attention and yet he completes his serious mission with humor, 

candor, and courage. 

I ask unanimous consent a press release entitled ‘‘38 Years 

in the Senate, 38 of His Greatest Hits’’ be printed in the 

Record. 

There being no objection, the material was ordered to be 

printed in the Record, as follows: 

38 YEARS IN THE SENATE, 38 OF HIS GREATEST HITS

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2004 

Washington, DC.—In 38 years in the U.S. Senate, FRITZ HOLLINGS has 

compiled one of the most remarkable legislative records of any Senator in 

the last century. From his first days in office to his last, he has written legislation that has changed America. Following are 38 ways the Nation will 

remember him: 

1. Started the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Program, one of the 

most successful government health care measures ever undertaken. It has 

reduced infant mortality, low birth rates, and premature births. Today, WIC 

provides nutritional counseling and access to health services for low-income 

women and children in 10,000 nationwide clinics. Impetus for the program 

came from Senator HOLLINGS’s 1970 book The Case Against Hunger. 

2. Championed the Community Health Center Program to bring medical 

care to low-income Americans. In 1969, South Carolina opened one of the 

first community health centers in the Nation, and today the centers nationally provide primary and preventive health services for 10 million patients 

in underserved communities. 

3. Initiated the nationwide breast and cervical cancer screening program. 

Begun in 1990 as a project in South Carolina and five other States, the program quickly expanded to a highly successful national effort. Through the 

years, Senator HOLLINGS also has led efforts to significantly boost funds for 

cancer research and to double the National Institutes of Health’s budget. 

4. The father of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards, 

Senator HOLLINGS wrote the law in 1975 forcing automakers to build more 

fuel-efficient cars. Thirty years later, CAFE standards save more than 3 

million barrels of oil per day. 

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5. Authored the Aviation Security Act immediately after September 11. It 

created the Transportation Security Administration and set up the screening system now underway for airport passengers. Always a strong believer 

in the need for security, Senator HOLLINGS knew the aviation system, and 

America’s economy, would not recover without government’s help. He authored the legislation at age 80. 

6. Authored the Maritime Security Act, also immediately following September 11. Concerned for many years that ports and borders were the weak 

link in America’s security system, he pushed the legislation through—the 

first ever aimed at increasing security at America’s ports. 

7. The father of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

(NOAA), he established the agency in just his fourth year in office. He did 

it at a time when the ocean was not the popular topic it is today. In 2000, 

he created the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy to help Congress determine 

the future of the Nation’s oceans. 

8. Authored the National Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, which 

established Federal policy for protecting coastal areas. It also authorized 

grants to States to establish and operate coastal zone management programs. 

9. A friend of marine mammals, he wrote the legislation in 1972 to protect 

whales, dolphins, sea otters, and other mammals. It became the model for 

other countries. 

10. Authored the Ocean Dumping Act of 1976, which extended Federal authority over previously unregulated dumping of pollutants in the ocean. It 

banned dumping by U.S. vessels, or vessels sailing from a U.S. port. 

11. Wrote the Oil Spill Bill in 1990, following the disaster of the Exxon 

Valdez. Senator HOLLINGS led the Senate investigation of the oil spill, and 

pushed the legislation requiring more effective cleanup, and forced oil companies to use double-hull ships, which are less likely to have a spill. 

12. At the forefront of promoting American technology, he created the Advanced Technology Program in the Commerce Department, which invests in 

high-risk research projects that promise big payoffs and widespread benefits 

to the Nation. 

13. Co-authored Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, the landmark legislation that 

broke budget gridlock in the mid-eighties. By making automatic spending 

cuts, it reversed 20 years of increased Federal spending and cut tens of billions from the budget deficit. 

14. Was the first Senator to decry the practice of looting Social Security, 

and made truth in budget reporting a priority. In 1990, his legislation required that the President and Congress, when reporting a budget, do not 

count Social Security surpluses to mask the true size of the deficit. 

15. Has been the voice for fiscal sanity on the Senate floor for three decades, but too often the lone voice. Twenty-two years ago, he was the first 

to offer a budget freeze, and has offered them many times since. He has 

slammed tax-cutting Republicans for voodoo economics. He promised he 

would jump off the Capitol dome if ever there was a balanced budget, but 

because too few listened to the only original member of the Senate Budget 

Committee, the country has a $600 billion deficit, and Senator HOLLINGS retires without jumping. 

16. The Senate’s loudest voice on trade issues, he opposed NAFTA, GATT, 

and trade deals with China and Africa—all of which have sent massive jobs 

overseas. Time has proven him right. He opposed giving the President fasttrack negotiating authority, constantly reminding his colleagues of Article 1, 

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Section 8 of the Constitution: ‘‘Congress shall have power to regulate commerce with Foreign Nations.’’

17. Textile’s best friend in the Senate, he has pressured every President 

since Lyndon Johnson to protect the industry so important to South Carolina. 

18. Created the Manufacturing Extension Partnership Centers in 1988 to 

help small manufacturers survive and grow. Now with 350 locations around 

the country, they annually help almost 20,000 companies. In honor of the 

Senator, Federal legislation was passed to rename them the Hollings Centers. 

19. A friend of the consumer, he created a competitive telecommunications 

industry through the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the first major rewrite of the Communications Act of 1934. He fought to ensure it provided 

new services to consumers at affordable rates. 

20. Strengthened online privacy and gave Internet users control over their 

own personal data with legislation he authored in 2000 and 2002. 

21. Gave millions of Americans freedom from telemarketers, by co-authoring the do-not-call list law in 2002, and the law that banned computer 

voiced telephone calls and restricted junk faxes in 1991. Calling it ‘‘telephone terrorism’’ Senator HOLLINGS has given tens of millions of Americans 

quiet evenings at home. 

22. Reined in the cable TV monopolies, as the driving force in the early 

nineties for the Cable and Consumer Protections Act. Persistent service and 

rate abuses by TV cable companies around the country prompted Senator 

HOLLINGS to lead the charge in giving the Federal Communications Commission authority to regulate basic cable TV rates and set minimum service 

standards. 

23. Authored the 1990 Children’s TV Act, requiring stations to carry educational programming for children and limiting the amount of commercials 

aired during children’s programming. 

24. Wrote laws to drug-test transportation employees and military enlistees. By requiring mandatory random drug and alcohol testing for safetysensitive transportation employees, he has made America’s roads safer. The 

law has allowed the military to confront drug abuse in uniform and has significantly increased overall readiness. 

25. Was one of the first to rebuild America’s defense in the eighties, authoring amendments in the 1980 budget that provided the first significant 

increase in defense spending in the post-Vietnam era. 

26. Saved the Department of Education through budget amendments, 

after Ronald Reagan took office with the express purpose of abolishing the 

Department. In the mid-nineties he stopped House Republicans from radically cutting student loan programs. 

27. Authored energy conservation standards for Federal buildings, during 

the 1970 energy crisis, resulting in millions of dollars of savings for taxpayers. 

28. Led the efforts to fund innovative law enforcement programs, such as 

Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) that put more than 100,000 

police officers on the streets in 13,000 communities across the country. 

29. To prevent crime that has hit American schools, he steered through 

the Senate his Safe Schools Initiative, putting police officers on patrol in 

schools nationwide. 

30. Authored legislation to nail criminals involved in church burnings, by 

strengthening Federal authority to prosecute them. 

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31. For the first time in American history, he got the full Congress to give 

its highest honor, the Congressional Gold Medal, to a farmer, gas attendant, 

maid, and preacher for the hardships they faced in desegregating South 

Carolina’s schools. The medals were presented in 2004, the 50th anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education. 

32. Champion for American Embassies across the world, he fought hard 

to ensure government preserves their historic significance. 

33. The longest serving junior Senator in American history, he served 36 

years as a junior Senator before becoming South Carolina’s senior Senator 

at age 81 in 2003. 

34. As Governor of South Carolina from 1959 to 1963, he was the first 

modern southern Governor to bring about economic and social progress. He 

started South Carolina’s technical education system that now trains 235,000 

students annually; balanced the State’s budget for the first time in 65 years; 

obtained the State’s first AAA bond rating; traveled 200,000 miles around 

the world to bring industry to South Carolina; and peacefully integrated 

Clemson University while other southern Governors resisted the civil rights 

movement. 

35. Was the Senator with no poll in his pocket. He gave unforgettable 

floor speeches where he spoke his mind and told the truth. No one dared 

debate him, because they’d lose. 

36. He brought different points of view to complex situations and identified solutions long before others recognized there were even problems. 

37. Though many of his favorite bills never passed, he never stopped 

pushing for what he believed. He is still calling for tax hikes to pay for the 

war on terrorism; legislation to protect children from violence on television; 

and a constitutional amendment permitting limits on campaign expenditures, preventing wealthy candidates and their friends from buying elections. 

38. He leaves at the top of his game, writing meaningful legislation for 

America and working for his constituents until his last day in office. 

It is amazing to see how many things FRITZ HOLLINGS

has touched in his life. Once again, he will be sorely 

missed. * * * 

I close my remarks by noting that these men have made 

remarkable contributions to our society, and all Americans 

should be grateful. I would tell those who are retiring, I retired 4 years ago, and I did not like it. So here I am. Perhaps 

there is hope for any of them who want to rejoin. If you want 

to come back, I am here to tell you it can be done. Just make 

sure that you get to keep your seniority. 

Mr. President, I yield the floor and thank my colleagues 

for their indulgence while I made my remarks. 

Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, let me say—this is probably 

the first and only time I have ever said this—I have been listening carefully to my friend from New Jersey, and I agree 

with everything he said. 

Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I know the hour is getting late 

and others want to be heard, but I briefly want to express 

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some thoughts about our colleagues who are leaving this 

wonderful body. Today we have heard some very compelling 

speeches, particularly the one given by my good friend, Tom 

Daschle of South Dakota, our Democratic leader. 

I was pleased to see so many of our colleagues remain on 

the floor to listen to the departing Democratic leader. The 

words he expressed about his State, his staff, his colleagues, 

his feelings about the country, and the future, are instructive. I know it can sound repetitive when people hear us talk 

about our colleagues this way, but I think it is important for 

the public to note that while they might hear only about the 

bickering, the part that you do not often see is the deep respect, affection, and caring that goes on among the Members 

of this body. This affection comes despite the differences that 

exist in red States and blue States, or being strongly conservative or strongly liberal. 

There is this weaving of a common denominator through 

each and every one of us, particularly after years of common 

service in this remarkable institution we call the Senate. 

There is a deep and abiding respect for those who have come 

here, those who have served here, those who have tried to 

make a difference for our country. 

It may seem like it is inside discussion, but I hope the 

public understands how deeply felt these comments are 

about colleagues who will no longer have the pleasure of 

spending each and every day in this Chamber, but whose 

friendship and collegiality will continue in the years ahead 

as we encounter each other in different walks of life. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS has now served with two generations of 

my family. He served with my father briefly, and over the 

last 24 years we have served together in this Chamber. I 

have not had the pleasure of serving with FRITZ HOLLINGS, 

except once on the Budget Committee for a few years. 

We have become very good friends though. We have traveled together. We have spent a lot of time together. I have 

been to his State. I have gone to South Carolina at his invitation to speak to South Carolinians. Inviting this swamp 

Yankee from Connecticut to come south of the Mason-Dixon 

line was a source of tremendous joy and pleasure, especially 

to be with FRITZ HOLLINGS, his lovely wife Peatsy, and their 

constituents not too many months ago, on a St. Patrick’s Day 

event in Charleston, SC. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS has done a remarkable job for his State 

of South Carolina, as well as for his Nation, beginning with 

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rope during World War II. He was awarded the Bronze Star 

and seven campaign ribbons; elected to South Carolina’s 

House of Representatives at the age of 26, the youngest Governor in that State in the 20th century; and during his 4 

years as Governor, balanced the State budget, dramatically 

improving South Carolina’s economy. 

He was elected to the Senate in 1964. His resume included 

an incredible list of legislative accomplishments. Anyone who 

would have accomplished any one of these things could have 

considered their career a successful one. He was the author 

of the Women, Infants and Children Program, the WIC Program. During my early years in the Senate, I had the pleasure of working with him on the famous Gramm-RudmanHollings Act in 1985, which was called by the Brookings Institution one of the most significant pieces of legislation in 

the 20th century. 

He wrote the first law designed to protect our coastal wetlands, and initiated a nationwide effort to encourage women 

to screen themselves for breast and cervical cancer. 

Over the past few years he spoke forcefully about the dangers facing this country due to the outsourcing of jobs. 

Senator HOLLINGS has always been a strong and loud voice 

against fiscal irresponsibility in our government and in favor 

of creating American jobs. 

FRITZ is an American original. The Senate is not likely to 

see his like here again. Whatever else you may have 

thought, he was direct and forceful, and spoke with great 

passion about the things he believed in. It is the kind of public service and the kind of stewardship in this body that others could duplicate in years to come. They would do well to 

follow the example of FRITZ HOLLINGS, a wonderful Senator, 

a delightful friend. I shall miss his service here, but I am 

very confident I will see him over and over again in years 

to come. And I wish, as my colleagues have, that he, Peatsy, 

and his family have many years of joyful retirement. * * * 

I apologize for taking this extra time. It is important that 

the public hear Members talk about each other, even those 

who disagreed on matters, that they understand why this institution works more than 230 years after the Founders created it. 

I, as a Senator from Connecticut, take unique pride in the 

Senate because it was Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth, 

both of Connecticut, who offered at the Constitutional Convention the idea of the Senate representing small and large 

States. Arguing over a unicameral system, Sherman and 

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Ellsworth said, how about having a second body with equal 

representation, regardless of the size or the population of the 

State. As a result, this institution was created. It has been 

a great place that has served our Nation for so long and I 

am confident it will in the future. 

We have been blessed by the participation of those who are 

leaving. All of us wish each and every one of them the very 

best in the years to come. 

Mr. CONRAD. Mr. President, for the past 38 years, Senator HOLLINGS has served the State of South Carolina in the 

U.S. Senate with honor, grace, and, most famously, a fiery 

wit. It is an understatement to say that the Senate will not 

be the same without him. During his 38-year career, he has 

been an outspoken champion of fiscal discipline, an early 

proponent of maintaining Social Security solvency, and a 

fighter against trade agreements that put the domestic textile industry at an unfair disadvantage. 

I will particularly miss Senator HOLLINGS whenever I attend meetings of the Budget Committee. Senator HOLLINGS

is the only Senator who has served on the Senate Budget 

Committee since it was created in 1974. As the last of the 

original members of the committee, his institutional knowledge and passion for fiscal discipline will be missed. 

Budget issues have always been a passion of Senator HOLLINGS, and he shares my penchant for using charts to prove 

a point. Senator HOLLINGS’s favorite chart shows gross debt, 

and I am sure he will be taking it with him when he leaves. 

Senator HOLLINGS was tireless in his efforts to educate his 

Senate colleagues and the public on the dangers of gross 

Federal debt and the need to use honest numbers in describing our budget outlook. His dedication to bringing truth to 

budgeting was unsurpassed. 

Senator HOLLINGS also relentlessly defended Section 13301 

of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990—requiring 

official budget numbers to exclude Social Security. As a number of OMB and CBO Directors came to discover, Senator 

HOLLINGS was not one to sit quietly through a Budget Committee hearing while they attempted to obscure deficit figures by including Social Security revenues in their budget 

calculations. 

Perhaps most of all, Senator HOLLINGS will be remembered for his efforts to protect Social Security, long before 

protection of this entitlement became fashionable. As we 

move into a new debate over the future of this vital program, 

the Nation will surely regret that we did not earlier pay 

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heed to his warnings to prepare for the baby boom retirement by paying down Federal debt. Senator HOLLINGS will 

be missed in the coming discussion over Social Security, but 

I am sure he’ll make his views well known with his uncanny 

ability to describe complex issues in simple and straightforward terms. 

Finally, I will remember Senator HOLLINGS for his fierce 

criticism of trade agreements that threatened the textile and 

agricultural sectors of South Carolina. He spoke out against 

GATT and NAFTA, and continued to fight for fair trade 

throughout his service. His strong opposition to unfair trade 

agreements will be sorely missed by the workers and farmers 

for whom he fought. 

Given his long history in the Senate, and his penchant for 

speaking out with a cutting wit on important issues, I know 

that Senator HOLLINGS will continue to fight for the causes 

in which he believes. However, his individuality, his respect 

for learning the complexities of issues, and his dedication to 

South Carolina and the United States will be missed in the 

Senate. I wish him well as he heads home to Charleston, and 

thank him for his many years of hard work. 

Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, the retirement of our colleague from South Carolina, Mr. HOLLINGS, signals the end 

of an era in southern politics. He succeeded as few in our 

section of the country did in leading us through a troubled 

time of transition. From segregation to integration in our 

public schools, and from an agrarian economy to a more 

modern and diversified industrial economy, he led with political courage and keen insight about what was right and 

what was wrong, and what was hopeless and what was possible. 

I have always admired FRITZ HOLLINGS because he acted 

on his convictions. But, he was not a gadfly. His efforts to 

enact new budget rules under the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 

bill were an example of his effective leadership to impose restraints on Federal spending. 

He was an effective leader on the Budget Committee, the 

Appropriations Committee, and the Commerce Committee in 

a wide range of issues including national defense, trade, 

communications, ocean policy, budget policy, education, and 

foreign relations. 

I always enjoyed hearing FRITZ tell stories about his fellow 

southern Governors. He will be missed for many reasons, but 

especially for always being himself, without pretense or apology. 

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Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I rise to pay tribute to 

some of my colleagues who will be leaving the Senate at the 

end of this session. * * * 

The Senate is also losing a legend with the retirement of 

Senator FRITZ HOLLINGS. For 38 years, he has fought for 

South Carolina, bringing home jobs and economic development, and he has made a lasting impression on the lives of 

Americans across this country. 

Senator HOLLINGS helped start the Women, Infants and 

Children—WIC Program, one of the most successful government health care measures ever undertaken, helping reduce 

infant mortality, low birth weights, and premature births nationwide. 

He is the father of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 

Administration—NOAA. Senator HOLLINGS pushed through 

the legislation that created NOAA during his very first term 

as a Senator. 

And he co-authored Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, the landmark legislation that broke budget gridlock in the mideighties. By making automatic spending cuts, it reversed 20 

years of increased Federal spending and cut tens of billions 

from the budget deficit. 

Senator HOLLINGS’s strong leadership and sense of humor 

will be deeply missed in this Chamber. 

Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise today to take this 

opportunity to honor our departing colleagues who are leaving the Senate. In almost each new Congress a different 

group of 100 men and women comes together from different 

backgrounds and political philosophies, representing different interests and constituencies, but through all our differences, we develop respect and admiration for each other. 

Many times we step across the aisle and work together on 

legislation and oftentimes genuine friendships are created. 

As I pay tribute to these departing Senators, whether they 

have been here one term or seven, they are a remarkable 

group and we thank them for their honorable service. 

ERNEST ‘‘FRITZ’’ HOLLINGS devoted his entire adult life to 

public service. He admirably served 7 terms as a U.S. Senator and today he is the fourth most senior Member of the 

Senate, and he also holds the distinction of being the longest 

serving junior Senator in history. 

His service to our country began immediately after he 

graduated from the Citadel in 1942 when he received a commission from the U.S. Army. Throughout his honorable military service Senator HOLLINGS received the Bronze Star and 

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seven campaign ribbons. He served as an officer in the North 

African and European campaigns during World War II. 

After returning from the war, FRITZ attended the University of South Carolina School of Law where he completed his 

Juris Doctorate in less than 3 years. At the age of 26, FRITZ

HOLLINGS launched his public service career when he was 

elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives. He 

went on to become speaker pro tempore, Lieutenant Governor, and at the age of 36, Governor of South Carolina becoming the youngest man in the 20th century to be elected 

Governor of South Carolina. 

It has been a great honor to work with FRITZ HOLLINGS

over these many years. We were able to work together while 

serving on the Senate Budget Committee and the Senate Appropriations Committee together. He consistently fought for 

fiscal responsibility and a reliable government for the people. 

As a principal author of the 1996 Telecommunications Act, 

Senator HOLLINGS was a perfect candidate to serve as the 

ranking member on the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee during the 108th Congress. Through this 

position, Senator HOLLINGS developed legislation to strengthen national security for our Nation’s port, railroad, and aviation systems. 

Senator HOLLINGS has served the Senate in so many ways 

over the past 42 years it is impossible to know where to 

begin showcasing his contributions. Therefore, I would just 

like to say that he has continued over the years to work to 

better not only the lives of South Carolinians, but all the 

people of our Nation. 

Senator HOLLINGS will certainly be missed around here. I 

bid him farewell and extend my best wishes to him and his 

family. 

SATURDAY, November 20, 2004 

Mrs. HUTCHISON. Madam President, I rise to say goodbye to several of my colleagues, dear friends and colleagues 

with whom I have had the pleasure to work in the Senate. 

From the day I first arrived in the Senate, until today, 

Senator HOLLINGS has been a force in the Senate. His institutional memory, his command of the issues, and his speaking style are recognized from both sides of the aisle. 

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He has been a tireless advocate of his State and his political beliefs, earning him a role as one of the Senate’s elder 

statesmen. 

Senator HOLLINGS fought in World War II, won his first 

election at age 26, served as the youngest Governor of his 

State, and was elected to seven terms in the Senate. Incredibly, FRITZ HOLLINGS was in public service since 1948 and 

somehow managed to be his State’s junior Senator until 2 

years ago. It must be something in the water in South Carolina. 

During his career, Senator HOLLINGS has had an impact 

on a wide range of legislation, including measures to protect 

the environment, balance the budget, and update telecommunications law. 

I am very appreciative of his initiation of a nationwide effort to combat breast and cervical cancer by utilizing his seat 

on the Appropriations Committee to secure funding for a 

pilot screening program. This will be one of the many lasting 

legacies of FRITZ HOLLINGS. * * * 

Madam President, I will miss all of my colleagues. As we 

take the opportunity to go forward in a new Congress, we 

will make new friends, but we will never forget the old ones. 

Mr. ALLEN. Mr. President, I want to share my views, as 

did Senator Hutchison and others, about our colleagues who 

are leaving for new adventures in life. 

I wish all the best to Senator HOLLINGS. We will miss his 

booming voice. We will miss Senator Edwards, Senator 

Graham of Florida, and Senator Daschle. We will also miss 

John Breaux, a man we know will enjoy life with his good 

common sense and sense of humor. He is a good friend. 

Mr. REID. Mr. President, I want to spend a few minutes 

talking about the Senators who will not be here when the 

Senate starts over again this January. The first I ever heard 

about Senator FRITZ HOLLINGS was while watching a television program where Senator HOLLINGS was running for 

President, and he said, during a Presidential debate, when 

the issue of the day was whether there should be a nuclear 

freeze, which had been propounded by Alan Cranston, another candidate, when asked about the nuclear freeze, Senator HOLLINGS said, ‘‘Until a few days ago, I thought this 

was a new kind of dessert.’’ That wit is typical of FRITZ HOLLINGS. 

Mr. President, FRITZ HOLLINGS is a man who is, as far as 

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ator. He is a person who looks the role and is everything 

that I am not—tall, handsome, with flowing white hair, and 

very articulate. This is a man who was one of the original 

southern politicians who thought it was appropriate to start 

talking about the evils of segregation. FRITZ HOLLINGS is a 

man with a great voice, a great sense of humor; and he is 

somebody for whom I have the greatest respect. I will miss 

him so much. 

He, Peatsy, and I have traveled. He is someone who has 

been so good to the State of South Carolina. I have been to 

his home. He has given me a tour of Columbia, SC, where 

he is a legend in his own time. He showed me the place 

where he was born. 

I want to extend through the magic of television to everyone within the sound of my voice the fact that FRITZ HOLLINGS is a great Senator and will go down in the history of 

the Senate as one of the great Senators. 

I also want FRITZ and Peatsy to know how much I care for 

them, and I appreciate very much their generosity and 

friendship to Landra and me over these many years. 

Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, I rise to join my colleagues 

in tribute to Senator ERNEST ‘‘FRITZ’’ HOLLINGS. I will miss 

my good friend from South Carolina, who in 2003, at the age 

of 81, finally became his State’s senior Senator—after 36 

years as a junior Senator. 

In addition to being remembered as a co-author of the 

Gramm-Rudman-Hollings legislation that cut tens of billions 

of dollars from the Federal budget deficit, FRITZ HOLLINGS

has left an indelible mark on our Nation in the areas of 

health care, environmental protection, resource conservation, 

technology development, job creation, transportation security, and law enforcement, to name a few. 

Immediately after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on America, Senator HOLLINGS worked to protect the 

safety of our traveling public by authoring the Aviation Security Act which created the Transportation Security Administration. Similarly, recognizing that America’s ports and borders were our Nation’s weak security links, Senator HOLLINGS championed legislation to increase security at America’s ports. 

As the father of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Senator HOLLINGS recognized the extent to 

which the ocean environment sustains us—from human uses 

in commerce and recreation to being the original cradle of 

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priate steps to be responsible stewards of this rich, yet fragile resource. 

His oceans legacy includes authorship of the National 

Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, which established 

Federal policy for protecting coastal areas, and the Marine 

Mammal Protection Act, which also became the model for 

other countries, for the protection of dolphins, sea otters and 

other mammals. In a continuing effort to do what is best for 

our ocean environment, Senator HOLLINGS created the U.S. 

Commission on Ocean Policy in 2000, to review the accomplishments of the last 30 years, and recommend actions for 

the future. Upon the issuance of the report, Senator HOLLINGS laid the groundwork for legislation to adopt the recommendations of the Ocean Commission. I am the proud cosponsor of two of those measures, S. 2647, the FRITZ HOLLINGS National Ocean Policy and Leadership Act, and S. 

2648, the Ocean Research Coordination and Advancement 

Act. 

Beyond the oceans, Senator HOLLINGS worked to make our 

communities and schools safer, through programs such as 

Community Oriented Policing Services—COPS—that put 

more than 100,000 police officers on the streets in 13,000 

communities across the country. The COPS Program is also 

the largest source of dedicated funding for interoperable communications for public safety officers. 

Senator HOLLINGS brought competition to the telecommunications arena which resulted in new services to consumers at affordable rates. 

I will miss Senator HOLLINGS’s wisdom, vision, and wit, 

but, most of all, his friendship. 

I wish FRITZ and his wife Peatsy a fond aloha. 

Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I rise today to pay tribute to 

a legend of a man who has spent his career dedicated to 

working for the great people of South Carolina. There is 

nothing small about Senator HOLLINGS. From his height, to 

his storied career, to his large booming voice and southern 

drawl you can always hear calling ‘‘yea’’ or ‘‘nay’’ during rollcall votes, Senator HOLLINGS is a giant. A reporter once said 

that if you sent to central casting for a Senator, you got 

FRITZ HOLLINGS. I have had the pleasure of serving with 

Senator HOLLINGS for all 30 of my years in the Senate and 

during that time he, and his wife Peatsy, have been dear 

friends. 

Before setting foot in this Chamber, Senator HOLLINGS

had amassed a career that any man would be proud of. He 

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attended the Citadel, the military college of South Carolina, 

and upon his graduation in 1942 accepted a commission in 

the U.S. Army. He served our country honorably in the campaigns in North Africa and Europe during World War II, and 

received a Bronze Star for his valor. Senator HOLLINGS

began his political career when he was 26 as he was elected 

to the South Carolina House of Representatives. During his 

second term he was voted speaker pro tempore and a short 

4 years later he was elected Lieutenant Governor. In 1958 

at age 36 he was elected as Governor, the youngest Governor 

of South Carolina in the 20th century. 

Senator HOLLINGS was first elected to the Senate in 1966 

and has subsequently been reelected to six additional terms, 

making him the ninth longest serving Member of this body. 

Throughout his entire career the Senator has been a leader, 

fighting to protect our ports, our neighborhoods and American manufacturing jobs. He has been an outspoken advocate 

for fiscal responsibility, for civil rights and against hunger. 

In 1974, he led the creation of the Women, Infants and 

Children—WIC—Nutritional Assistance Program. In 1978, 

he sponsored legislation and helped secure funding for South 

Carolina’s first National Park, Congaree Swamp. He has 

stood tall in protecting our oceans and coasts. He authored 

the Marine Mammal Protection Act and the Oceans Act of 

2000, which created the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. 

Since 1967 Senator HOLLINGS has been a member of the 

Commerce Committee and from his co-authorship of the 

1996 Telecommunications Act that deregulated the telecom 

industry to his work on the FTC ‘‘Do Not Call List,’’ he has 

consistently looked out for the best interests of consumers. In 

2000, Senator HOLLINGS and I, along with Senators Sarbanes and Wyden, were successful in beating back the 

wholesale Federal preemptions of State consumer protection 

laws during negotiations of the e-commerce bill which I sponsored. 

Senator HOLLINGS is the longest serving Democrat on the 

Budget Committee, and is the only Democrat to have served 

on the committee every year since its creation. In 1984 Senator HOLLINGS collaborated with Senators Phil Gramm and 

Warren Rudman to establish the Gramm-Hollings-Rudman 

deficit reduction legislation that helped reduce the deficit by 

$70 billion in its first year of enactment. 

I have had the pleasure to serve with Senator HOLLINGS

on the Appropriations Committee, where he has served since 

1971, and is currently the third highest ranking member. 

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From this position he has helped important initiatives both 

in South Carolina and nationally, such as a cause I have always strongly supported, the battle against cancer. Senator 

HOLLINGS helped create a nationwide program to screen 

women for breast and cervical cancer and worked to establish a cancer center at the Medical University of South Carolina that bears his name. 

Earlier this fall more than 600 friends came together to 

celebrate Senator HOLLINGS’s career in the Senate, an event 

that raised $2 million for the Hollings Cancer Center. We 

toasted his accomplishments and his incredible career of 

public service that has spanned more than five decades in 

State and national politics. I joined this body in 1974 and I 

immediately learned that Senator HOLLINGS is a man who 

always speaks his mind. His straightforward manner, dynamic personality and unwavering integrity are qualities 

that make me proud to call him my friend. I have valued his 

friendship and his camaraderie over these past 30 years, and 

I wish FRITZ and his wife Peatsy the best of lives in their 

beloved South Carolina. 

Mr. DASCHLE. Today, I would like to say a few words 

about eight Senators with whom I have served these last historic 6 years, all of whom will be leaving when this Congress 

ends. 

Senator Nickles, Senator Campbell, Senator Fitzgerald, 

and Senator Miller, it has been a privilege to work with each 

of you. You have each sacrificed much to serve our Nation 

and I am sure you will continue to serve America well in the 

years to come. 

Six Democratic Senators are leaving at the end of this 

Congress. * * * 

Another remarkable Senator who is retiring this year is 

FRITZ HOLLINGS. 

I used to joke with FRITZ HOLLINGS that he is the real reason C–SPAN first started its closed-caption broadcasts. 

FRITZ’s deep Charleston accent, like the man himself, is an 

American classic. 

When you look inside FRITZ HOLLINGS’s desk on the Senate floor, you see the names of giants: John Calhoun, Huey 

Long, Russell Long, Wayne Morse—courageous men who 

never hesitated to speak their minds. FRITZ has earned the 

right to stand with those legends. 

He was 36 years old when he was elected Governor of 

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vested in education and training, and laid the foundation for 

South Carolina’s economic transformation from an agrarian 

State to a high-tech, high-wage State. 

One of the amazing things about FRITZ HOLLINGS is how 

often he has been able to see the future before others—not 

just on matters of race, but on issue after issue. 

He was the first Deep South Governor to acknowledge the 

existence of widespread hunger in his State. He was also the 

first southern Governor to understand that you can’t create 

a modern economy simply by cutting taxes, you have to invest in education and training. 

He has been a relentless advocate of balanced budgets and 

fiscal discipline since long before they became political 

buzzwords. In 1984—years before Ross Perot uttered the 

words, FRITZ HOLLINGS made deficit reduction a central 

plank in his Presidential bid. 

He has been fighting for fair trade, and against the export 

of American jobs, his entire career. He has been calling for 

a long-term, comprehensive energy plan since before the first 

OPEC oil crisis in 1973. He wrote America’s first fuelefficiency standards—in 1975. 

He was in the forefront of the movement to protect America’s oceans in the early seventies. He saw the future of telecommunications before a lot of Americans knew what ‘‘surfing the Internet’’ meant. He was pushing for increased port 

and air security before September 11. 

If some people have occasionally found FRITZ a little difficult to understand, I suspect it was not so much because 

of his wonderful Charleston accent but because he was so 

often ahead of his time. 

Now FRITZ and Peatsy are moving home to live full time 

in their beloved South Carolina, but they will always have 

a special place in the Senate family. We wish them the very 

best. 

I have to be honest, Mr. President, it was not my wish to 

depart with these fine Senators. But it has been my honor 

and a joy to serve with them, and one that I will remember 

all the days of my life. 

Mr. McCONNELL. We cannot conclude the 108th Congress without a sense of sadness. There are many—in fact 

there are too many—great Senators who are leaving this institution. I have already had an opportunity to express my 

goodbyes to Senator Nickles, Senator Campbell, and Senator 

Fitzgerald. 

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I also wish a happy and healthy future to our colleagues 

across the aisle, Senator Daschle, Senator Breaux, Senator 

HOLLINGS, Senator Bob Graham, Senator John Edwards, and 

Senator Zell Miller. Each of these men has made a lasting 

contribution to this marvelous institution. 

Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I have served here long 

enough now that I have witnessed a lot of the comings and 

goings of many fine public servants whom I have known on 

the floor of the Senate. 

Today, I would like to comment about those who are leaving us, and I want to start, first, with my good friend from 

South Carolina. FRITZ HOLLINGS and his wife Peatsy are 

very close friends of ours. They have been friends since we 

first came to the Senate. FRITZ and I served in World War 

II. We have traveled to places where he served and I served 

in World War II, and we are comrades in the deepest sense 

of that word. 

He is a very interesting man. I remember earlier this year, 

when I was asked to cut a tape to be used at a retirement 

dinner for Senator HOLLINGS, I told my press secretary I did 

not think I could do it. As a matter of fact, I ended up appearing in person. As I told my staff, I really cannot conceive 

of the Senate without FRITZ HOLLINGS. It will be a different 

Senate. We have not always agreed, but we have always 

been friends. 

There have been good times together. I can remember 

some of the fish that FRITZ and Peatsy caught in Alaska, and 

I can remember tales about some that they did not catch, the 

big ones that got away. 

But I do know that having visited with them in their home 

in South Carolina, and visiting with their friends in Charleston, they have a really great life to go home to. They are 

wonderful people, and we are going to miss them a great 

deal. 

I will say this, that when I first heard of Senator HOLLINGS, it was in a story about his role as Governor of South 

Carolina. He had become Governor, and as he entered the 

grounds of the Governor’s House, he found there were places 

inside the grounds where prisoners were kept. There were 

literally, at that time, I think, cells that were partially underground. FRITZ did not like that any more than I would 

have, and he found ways to free those people and to give 

them another life. As a matter of fact, I remember meeting 

one of them who was very devoted to Senator HOLLINGS. 

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Senator HOLLINGS is a man with a great heart and a great 

mind and a great spirit and a temper almost as bad as mine. 

We are going to miss him, miss him terribly. 

I hope he will come back often and visit us. I think he has 

the longest career of all of those who are retiring, obviously, 

because he is the oldest. But he was one of the Ten Outstanding Men of the Year in the United States when he was 

young. I don’t like to tell stories about him, but I think he 

actually attended a Republican Convention at one time. 

As a member of the statehouse, as Governor, and as a 

member of the Hoover Commission, he distinguished himself 

in many ways, in commissions where he was appointed by 

both President Eisenhower and President Kennedy. 

We are losing a man who has had a great role in public 

service. I hope we will all wish him well as he departs the 

Senate. 

Mr. HARKIN. Madam President, when the man who sits 

right next to me across this aisle over here, the senior Senator from South Carolina, FRITZ HOLLINGS, retires at the end 

of this Congress, this body will lose one of its most distinctive and eloquent voices. We will lose a master legislator, a 

person who will go down in history as one of the truly consequential Senators of the second half of the 20th century. 

Of course, we will lose the presence of a great friend, a colleague whose passion and wit burn just as intensely today 

as when he first entered this Chamber nearly four decades 

ago. 

As I said, Senator HOLLINGS sits directly across the aisle 

to my left, at the desk that was once occupied by another extraordinary individual from South Carolina, Senator John C. 

Calhoun. But Calhoun was a voice of the Old South, a defender of slavery in the great debates prior to the Civil War. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS, first as Governor, and for the last 38 years 

as a Senator, has epitomized the New South. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS became Governor in 1958, at the tender 

age of 36. He immediately set about diversifying South Carolina’s textile and farming economy. He planted the State 

thick with technical colleges. He aggressively recruited new 

industries to the State. But, most important, he set in motion the peaceful transformation of racial relations in South 

Carolina. 

Now, remember—I remember it well; I was a senior in 

high school just going into college at that time—this was a 

time when other southern Governors were pledging massive 

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house door. They incited people to keep African Americans 

from going into school or sitting at lunch counters or riding 

on buses. 

But FRITZ HOLLINGS charted a different course as Governor. He showed tremendous leadership, real political courage, as he orchestrated the peaceful integration of Clemson 

University. So FRITZ HOLLINGS epitomizes the New South. 

He also epitomizes the Greatest Generation. In World War 

II, right out of the Citadel, he served as an Army officer in 

North Africa and later in Italy earning seven campaign ribbons and the Bronze Star. 

But I have always believed that what made the Greatest 

Generation truly great was not just what they did during the 

war but what they did after the war. As I said, FRITZ HOLLINGS played a transformational role in South Carolina. 

Then he came to the Senate, and he played an equally dramatic role on the national stage. 

In 1968, he conducted a series of ‘‘hunger tours’’ across 

South Carolina, exposing poverty and Third World living 

conditions. He went on to co-author national legislation that 

created the Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants 

and Children, which we now know today as the WIC Program. He championed the Community Health Center Program, bringing medical care to the poor and underprivileged. 

And now thousands of community health centers dot the 

landscape in every State of our Union. 

FRITZ became a passionate advocate for medical research 

and the National Institutes of Health, especially cancer research. I know how proud FRITZ is of the nationally respected cancer research and treatment center at the Medical 

University of South Carolina, now known appropriately as 

the Hollings Cancer Center. In fact, at his farewell gala a 

couple months ago that I went to downtown, FRITZ HOLLINGS

raised more than $2 million for the center’s programs. 

Well, it would take a long time to stand here and do justice to Senator HOLLINGS’s legacy of legislative accomplishments. I will not do so. I am tempted to do so because there 

is so much there. But those of us who have served with him 

over the decades know there is no more dedicated fighter for 

fiscal conservatism in this body or anywhere in this Congress. There is no one who has fought harder for what I call 

fiscal rationality in our spending and taxing programs than 

FRITZ HOLLINGS. 

There is no one who has done more when it comes to protecting our oceans and coasts. It was Senator HOLLINGS who 

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passed the Coastal Zone Management Act in 1972, the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, the Oceans Dumping 

Act of 1976, and the Sustainable Fisheries Act of 1996. So 

the next time you go out to look at whales or you see the dolphins swimming, the next time you walk along a beach and 

you don’t see all that junk washing up on the shoreline, 

thank FRITZ HOLLINGS. He led the charge on it. 

And long before it became fashionable, FRITZ HOLLINGS

was speaking out against the indiscriminate outsourcing of 

American jobs, first in the textile industry, then jobs in the 

steel industry and manufacturing. In literally scores of 

speeches on this floor, he has educated Members of this body 

about the fallacies and human costs of so-called free trade. 

That is not fair trade. He has spoken out with passion and 

persistence for fair trade and a fair shake for American 

workers. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS leaves a personal legacy in this Senate. 

We will always remember his sharp mind in debate, his wit, 

and a very sharp tongue that could cut to the quick and get 

at the essence of what the debate was all about. And there 

is no one who had a greater sense of humor or was more 

generous and more kind than FRITZ HOLLINGS. He could 

craft humor about others, and he could craft humor about 

himself—a great individual, FRITZ HOLLINGS. 

I would be remiss if I did not also publicly pay a big thank 

you to FRITZ HOLLINGS for the opportunity he gave me 16 

years ago. I had just been elected to the Senate. I was in my 

first term. It was 1988. Lawton Chiles, who was then a Senator from Florida, was retiring as chairman of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. 

I was a freshman Senator. I was at the bottom of the ladder. So Lawton left that position and went back to Florida. 

Most of the Democrats ahead of me—the Democrats were in 

charge at that time—had other subcommittee chairmanships 

they didn’t want to give up. So it came down to FRITZ HOLLINGS and me. I knew of the passion that FRITZ had for 

health and education issues. So I assumed he was going to 

take chairmanship of that subcommittee. But I called up 

FRITZ. I let him know that if he didn’t take it, I was next 

in line, that I always had a great interest in this area. Well, 

he said he would take that into consideration. I will never 

forget it. I was at home on a Sunday night. He called me up 

and said: Well, Tom, I have been thinking about this. He 

said I would really like to have the Labor, HHS, Education; 

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this is in my interest. I have spent so much time on health 

issues. 

Well, I thought this was his nice way of telling me, I am 

sorry, Tom, I am going to take the chairmanship, tough luck. 

But at the end, he said: Well, I want you to know I am going 

to stay with the Commerce-State-Justice Subcommittee. 

I could hear him laughing. He had kind of strung me out 

during this whole phone call, leading me to the point where 

he was going to say, I am really sorry, Tom, but I am going 

to take it. Then he turned 180 degrees and said: I am going 

to stay with Commerce-State-Justice. I could hear him 

chuckling in the background, knowing that he had given me 

a great gift. 

It was a huge opening for me as a freshman Senator to 

chair the second largest Appropriations subcommittee. I will 

always be grateful for the confidence and the trust that he 

had in me at that time. I hope I have not disappointed him. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS has cast more than 15,000 votes here. He 

has passed major bill after major bill. He has spoken out 

courageously on issues of war and peace, trade and budget, 

civil rights and human rights. He has been a voice for the 

poor and for the sick and for those who have no voice in the 

political arena. I know FRITZ is very fond of a particular 

quote from Elihu Root, Teddy Roosevelt’s Secretary of State. 

Those of us who were at the farewell banquet for FRITZ in 

September heard him repeat it on that occasion. He said: 

Politics is the practical art of self government, and someone must attend 

to it if we are going to have self government. The principal ground of reproach against any American citizen should be that he is not a politician. 

For more than five decades, FRITZ HOLLINGS has been a 

proud politician, an extraordinary public servant, one of the 

truly magnificent Senators in the history of this body. We 

will remember his legacy. I am going to miss him as a friend 

and as someone I could converse with, gain insight from, and 

share a laugh with, listening to FRITZ go on about fiscal responsibility. 

Peatsy and FRITZ have been a team. I was fortunate to 

have taken a congressional delegation trip with FRITZ and 

Peatsy last December. We went down to Brazil, looking at all 

the different things in Brazil—everything from rain forests 

to agriculture to labor conditions. It was truly a magnificent 

week to spend with FRITZ and Peatsy. I will never forget it. 

I will never forget both of them. So I wish both FRITZ and 

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Peatsy a long and wonderful retirement in their beloved 

Charleston, SC. 

MONDAY, December 20, 2004 

Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, with the retirement of 

Senator FRITZ HOLLINGS, the Senate is losing its fourth most 

senior member, an extraordinary and important repository of 

institutional history. The people of South Carolina are losing 

an outspoken and respected spokesperson for their needs and 

concerns. All of us who have served with him are losing an 

effective colleague, a wise counselor, and a good friend. 

FRITZ HOLLINGS has spent well over half a century in public service, beginning with nearly 3 years of military service 

during World War II in the North African and European theaters. He returned to civilian life, received his law degree at 

the University of South Carolina, and in 1948 was elected to 

the South Carolina House of Representatives, where he 

served three terms, two of them as the House speaker pro 

tempore. In 1954 he was elected Lieutenant Governor, and 

4 years later he was elected Governor. He was then 36 years 

old—the youngest Governor of South Carolina in the 20th 

century. 

Over many years and on many issues, FRITZ HOLLINGS has 

shown himself to be a public servant with solid common 

sense. He is also a visionary. Very early he foresaw the need 

for technical education, and as Governor nearly 50 years ago, 

he established South Carolina’s system of technical colleges. 

In the late fifties, when other Governors in the South were 

setting out plans to preserve legal segregation notwithstanding the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of 

Education, the young Governor of South Carolina rallied the 

people of his State to comply with the law. ‘‘He managed the 

peaceful integration of Clemson University back when other 

Southern Governors were fighting to keep their universities 

all-white,’’ Mike Wallace has observed. 

The people of South Carolina, the Members of this body, 

and people in every corner and region of the United States 

have seen FRITZ HOLLINGS’s forceful combination of common 

sense and vision at work on issues like hunger, the environment, jobs, and fiscal policy. Soon after coming to the Senate, 

he helped focus the Nation’s attention on hunger; WIC, the 

Women, Infants and Children’s Special Supplemental Food 

Program, was modeled on a pilot program in South Carolina. 

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For more than three decades he has played a major part in 

the vital movement first to establish, then to maintain and 

strengthen the legislative framework for protection of the 

natural environment. It was FRITZ HOLLINGS who wrote this 

Nation’s first land-use law to protect coastal wetlands. Admiral James Watkins, USN (Ret.), who chairs the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy, recently recognized his efforts saying: ‘‘Senator Hollings’ tireless work on behalf of this Nation’s oceans and coasts will help preserve and protect our 

precious marine and coastal resources for generations to 

come . . . . (including) his work to establish the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) over 30 years 

ago . . . .’’

It was his concern for jobs in South Carolina that led him 

to establish the State’s technical colleges while Governor, 

and in recent years has made him a forceful critic of policies 

that facilitate outsourcing. ‘‘In South Carolina,’’ according to 

the Chief Justice of the State Supreme Court, Jean Toal, ‘‘we 

have heard him talk about the debt and outsourcing jobs for 

30 years, and all of that is now what the American public 

is so focused on. He was always ahead of his time.’’

FRITZ HOLLINGS believes in the good that government can 

accomplish. In a recent interview on ‘‘Sixty Minutes,’’ he 

said: ‘‘We believe in feeding the hungry, and housing the 

homeless, and educating the uninformed and everything else 

like that . . . in ‘We the people in order to form a more perfect 

Union.’ ’’ In his many years of service to the people of South 

Carolina and of this Nation, FRITZ HOLLINGS has faithfully 

honored that principle. His common sense, his vision, and 

his great humor will be missed, but surely not forgotten. 

Æ