U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

66–027 CC WASHINGTON : 2000

MARKUP OF H. RES. 543, EXPRESSING THE SENSE

OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REGARDING THE RECENT SUMMIT HELD BY THE

PRESIDENTS OF SOUTH KOREA AND NORTH

KOREA

MARKUP

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

ONE HUNDRED SIXTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

TUESDAY, JULY 25, 2000

Serial No. 106–130

Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations

(

Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.house.gov/international relations

(II)

COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, New York, Chairman

WILLIAM F. GOODLING, Pennsylvania

JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa

HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois

DOUG BEREUTER, Nebraska

CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey

DAN BURTON, Indiana

ELTON GALLEGLY, California

ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida

CASS BALLENGER, North Carolina

DANA ROHRABACHER, California

DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois

EDWARD R. ROYCE, California

PETER T. KING, New York

STEVE CHABOT, Ohio

MARSHALL ‘‘MARK’’ SANFORD, South

Carolina

MATT SALMON, Arizona

AMO HOUGHTON, New York

TOM CAMPBELL, California

JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York

KEVIN BRADY, Texas

RICHARD BURR, North Carolina

PAUL E. GILLMOR, Ohio

GEORGE P. RADANOVICH, California

JOHN COOKSEY, Louisiana

THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado

SAM GEJDENSON, Connecticut

TOM LANTOS, California

HOWARD L. BERMAN, California

GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York

ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American

Samoa

MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ, California

DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey

ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey

SHERROD BROWN, Ohio

CYNTHIA A. MCKINNEY, Georgia

ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida

PAT DANNER, Missouri

EARL F. HILLIARD, Alabama

BRAD SHERMAN, California

ROBERT WEXLER, Florida

STEVEN R. ROTHMAN, New Jersey

JIM DAVIS, Florida

EARL POMEROY, North Dakota

WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts

GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York

BARBARA LEE, California

JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York

JOSEPH M. HOEFFEL, Pennsylvania

RICHARD J. GARON, Chief of Staff

KATHLEEN BERTELSEN MOAZED, Democratic Chief of Staff

SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

DOUG BEREUTER, Nebraska, Chairman

JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa

DANA ROHRABACHER, California

PETER T. KING, New York

MARSHALL ‘‘MARK’’ SANFORD, South

Carolina

MATT SALMON, Arizona

JOHN MCHUGH, New York

RICHARD BURR, North Carolina

PAUL GILLMOR, Ohio

DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois

EDWARD R. ROYCE, California

JOHN COOKSEY, Louisiana

TOM LANTOS, California

HOWARD L. BERMAN, California

ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American

Samoa

MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ, California

SHERROD BROWN, Ohio

ROBERT WEXLER, Florida

JIM DAVIS, Florida

EARL POMEROY, North Dakota

GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York

ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida

MICHAEL P. ENNIS, Subcommittee Staff Director

DR. ROBERT KING, Democratic Professional Staff Member

MATT REYNOLDS, Counsel

ALICIA A. O’DONNELL, Staff Associate

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C O N T E N T S

APPENDIX

Page

Bills:

H. Res. 543 ............................................................................................................... 8

Amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 543 .................................... 11

Additional materials for the record:

A statement from the Honorable Alcee Hastings, a Representative in Congress from Florida ................................................................................................ 14

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MARKUP OF H. RES. 543, EXPRESSING THE

SENSE OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REGARDING THE RECENT SUMMIT

HELD BY THE PRESIDENTS OF SOUTH

KOREA AND NORTH KOREA

Tuesday, July 25, 2000

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIA AND THE PACIFIC, COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, Washington, D.C.

The Subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 2:10 p.m., in room

H–139, The Capitol, Hon. Doug Bereuter (Chairman of the Subcommittee) presiding.

Mr. BEREUTER. The Subcommittee will be in order. I apologize to

the Members and staff for being late. I went back to Rayburn, out

of habit, to hold the markup.

The Subcommittee today meets in open session to consider House

Resolution 543 relating to the recent heads of state summit between South Korean President Kim Dae-Jung and North Korean

leader Kim Jong-Il.

The clerk will read the resolution.

The CLERK. H.R. 543, a resolution expressing the sense of the

House of Representatives regarding the recent summit held by the

Presidents of South Korea and North Korea. Whereas on June 13,

2000——

Mr. BEREUTER. Without objection, further reading of the resolution will be dispensed with, printed in the record in full, and open

for amendment.

[The information referred appears in the appendix.]

Mr. BEREUTER. The resolution was introduced on June 29th, by

the gentleman from Florida, Mr. Hastings, to recognize the meeting

between the leaders of North Korea and South Korea in Pyongyang

on June 13 through 16 that marked the first time that an elected

leader of South Korea had visited the North.

I would like to turn now to the author of the resolution, and then

we will hear from Mr. Lantos as well.

Mr. Hastings.

Mr. HASTINGS. I would like to thank you for expediting this procedure and I am deeply appreciative for your support and recommendations, and we will speak later with reference to the

amendment as suggested by the Chair. Also, I am always grateful

for the insight and advice offered by the Ranking Member of the

Committee.

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Mr. Chairman, June 13, 2000, is a date that will go down in history. On this day, as we know, the heads of state of North Korea

and South Korea, two countries technically engaged in a state of

war for the last 50 years, met to reconcile their differences. This

is, in my opinion, a great accomplishment.

Peace between these two countries would end one of the longest

and most violent altercations in history. This strife has cost billions

of dollars and hundreds and thousands of lives; and not just Korean lives, but the lives of Americans and every other nation that

was involved in the military battles of that region. The United

States has 10,218 soldiers listed as missing or prisoners of war due

to the Korean conflict and, to their credit, families last week received closure with reference to 4 of those individuals. It is time

that the fighting and violence officially end and for peace to blossom.

Mr. Chairman, these are but some of the reasons that I introduced this resolution, along with you, Ranking Member Mr. Lantos, and my good friend from Florida, Mr. Wexler. As a result of

the Korean summit, we hope for many changes both in Korea and

world politics. First, we eagerly anticipate a resolution regarding

the possible unification between the two countries. Second, we expect a full accounting by North Korea of all of the missing United

States soldiers from the conflict. Third, we hope to secure from

North Korea a full moratorium on the testing of long-range missiles and an immediate freeze in North Korea’s nuclear program

and a suspension of its ballistic program. It is our strong hope that

the Korean summit will act as a gateway to the peace process.

I have a further statement, but I would ask unanimous consent

that my full statement be placed in the record, and conclude by

saying this resolution was introduced to commend a step forward

in the way of this accomplishment at their summit. The summit

was not merely a meeting between two heads of state, but a portal

to future peace agreements. The summit will hopefully not only inspire countless peace agreements but will help bring the thousands

of our soldiers missing in the Korean homeland home. South Korea

and North Korea’s meeting will hopefully become a model for other

countries to settle their differences. I thank you again, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. BEREUTER. Thank you, Mr. Hastings. Without objection, your

entire statement will be made part of the record.

[The information referred appears in the appendix.]

Mr. BEREUTER. I am pleased to turn to the distinguished Ranking Member of the Subcommittee, Mr. Lantos.

Mr. LANTOS. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Let me first

commend my dear friend, Congressman Hastings, for crafting an

excellent resolution which I strongly support. There is, of course,

a serious omission in this resolution, which is an omission by design, because had this omission not been part of the resolution, the

resolution would never see the light of day and would certainly

never pass on the Floor of the House of Representatives.

This major development, the first in half a century between

North Korea and South Korea, came about, to a very large extent,

because of the wise and farsighted and intelligent policy of this Administration. I want to pay tribute to the President and the Vice

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President and Secretary Albright, National Security Adviser Sandy

Berger, and particularly former Secretary of Defense William

Perry, who devoted countless days and countless visits to this

project both in North and South Korea.

This development is a history-making development, and I think

it is important for us to at least in this meeting pay tribute to the

wise and farsighted foreign policy of this administration which

made this resolution possible and which made this meeting between the chiefs of the two Koreas possible.

I think it is important to bear in mind, particularly since we are

just about an hour past the adjournment of the peace negotiations

in the Middle East, that while, for the moment, those negotiations

did not succeed, there again the commitment and dedication of the

President and his administration to bringing about a peaceful resolution of the longstanding conflict have been very much in evidence. I don’t think we can overemphasize the importance both of

the President’s commitment at Camp David to bringing about a

peaceful resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian dispute and the contribution of his administration and him personally to bringing

about this historic beginning movement to creating the conditions

for a peaceful resolution of the conflict on the Korean peninsula,

and I again want to commend my friend.

Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Chairman.

Mr. BEREUTER. The gentleman from California, Mr. Royce, the

Vice Chairman of the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific.

Mr. ROYCE. I wanted to thank you for moving ahead with this

resolution and to commend its author, Mr. Hastings of Florida, and

that is because Mr. Hastings has spent a considerable amount of

time on the difficult issue of the Korean peninsula.

There were some positive developments that came out of this historic summit, including, on a very basic level, the North’s recognition that South Korea exists. The odd fiction of Pyongyang denying

the reality of the Republic of Korea has been shattered permanently. I am encouraged by the progress made on family visits. The

Red Cross has been working on starting this process which is a

Kim Dae-Jung priority and which is recognized in this resolution.

This is a real accomplishment, the first reunions in 15 years, and

it would be good to regularize their visits.

While being hopeful about this summit, we need to be realistic.

Kim Jong-Il’s North Korea is a regime, after all, which feeds its

military at the expense of its people and denies them fundamental

human rights. It also still cultivates a cult of personality for Kim

Jong-Il. It has made little fundamental political or economic

change, and it maintains a deadly million-man army.

Faced with this, we need to be vigilant for now, and that means

maintaining the strong U.S. Republic of Korea defense relationship

and a strong deterrent.

Mr. Chairman, this January I had the privilege of leading a parliamentary exchange group to Seoul, of which you were a part of.

We are now looking to have the South Korea parliamentarians visit

Congress early next year. I would hope that Members of this Subcommittee would participate in these discussions, and I want to

thank you for the close attention this Subcommittee has paid to our

policy toward the Korean peninsula and to the developments there.

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Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. BEREUTER. Thank you, Mr. Royce and Mr. Lantos, for your

statements. I do join you in hoping that our Subcommittee may, on

a bipartisan basis, be active in meeting with the members of the

National Assembly. I assume that the meeting will be in Washington?

Mr. ROYCE. That is correct.

Mr. BEREUTER. We will make sure that we get advance notice to

assist you in your efforts as chairman of that revived interparliamentary exchange with the National Assembly.

I am not quite as sanguine about the Administration’s policy

with respect to the Korean peninsula as Mr. Lantos. However, I am

enthusiastically in agreement about the outstanding contributions

that Secretary Perry has made in his efforts to find out whether

the North Koreans are willing to take a different track and to bring

some bipartisan consensus on what the U.S. policy should be with

respect to the Korean peninsula. He deserves, as does Wendy Sherman, commendations for what he has done, and even though he

may well be officially completed, I know that he continues his efforts.

I would point out that encouraging the summit meeting in North

Korea and South Korea is entirely consistent with U.S. foreign policy from one Administration to the other. Indeed, long before issues

such as the DPRK’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs became

a widespread matter of concern, the U.S. was calling for direct

talks between North Korea and South Korea. The North had resisted that. The North has always tried to insert itself between the

Republic of Korea and the United States by insisting that it would

engage in direct talks only with the United States, thereby passing

or bypassing the ROK and driving a wedge between ourselves and

our ally on the peninsula. U.S. policy has always been that we

would not allow Pyongyang to marginalize the South and that the

North must talk directly with its neighbors.

While the recent meeting was important and historic, we should

be cautious that we not oversell the summit, and the gentleman

from Florida’s resolution does not pass that margin. If North Korea

is, in fact, sincere in its peaceful overtures, that certainly would be

a dramatic positive development, and I do appreciate the careful

way that Mr. Hastings has drafted the resolution. However, I think

it would be premature to assume that the DPRK has irrevocably

reformed its behavior. It would be naive to believe that a few gestures constitute a revision and a change from 50 years of violent

confrontational behavior and terrorism.

In reality, if you stop to think about it, the North really gave up

nothing while receiving huge financial benefits—some current and

some potential—from the South. Kim Dae-Jung went to Pyongyang

and promised to open the spigots of foreign assistance, although at

the North’s insistence they are calling it ‘‘economic cooperation.’’

That is, the South gives and the North cooperatively agrees to accept.

I commend the author of the resolution for including language

that highlights the continuing problems and concerns that we have

with the DPRK. I think we should be under no illusions; dealing

with the North will continue to be difficult. Indeed, the day after

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the conclusion of the summit, North Korean radio broadcasts were

noting the 50th anniversary of the, ‘‘unprovoked U.S. Invasion of

North Korea.’’ At the very least, the recent repetition of such a

package of blatant lies requires us to be very cautious when approaching this pariah state.

Does the gentleman from North Dakota wish to be recognized?

Mr. POMEROY. No.

Mr. BEREUTER. The resolution is open for amendment.

Mr. HASTINGS. I have an amendment at the desk.

Mr. BEREUTER. The clerk will read the amendment.

The CLERK. Amendment in the nature of a substitute.

Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Chairman, I ask that the amendment be accepted as read.

Mr. BEREUTER. The amendment will be considered as read, printed in the record, and open for amendment.

[The information referred appears in the appendix.]

Mr. BEREUTER. I ask the gentleman from Florida, Mr. Hastings,

to explain his amendment.

Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Chairman, the amendment reflects a number

of minor concerns raised by the State Department, as well as some

critical concerns raised by you, Mr. Chairman, along with some

very helpful additions brought to my attention by another Member

of the Subcommittee, Mr. Ackerman.

The corrections are as follows. In the first ‘‘whereas’’ clause, the

term ‘‘President’’ has been changed to reflect Kim Jong-Il’s correct

title, which is Chairman of the National Defense Commission.

A similar change is made in the first Resolved clause, page 2,

line 2, changing the term ‘‘Presidents’’ to ‘‘heads of state.’’.

The second ‘‘whereas’’ clause has been changed to reflect that

this was the first meeting of the two heads of state, not the first

official meeting of any kind between the two Koreas.

In the fifth ‘‘whereas’’ clause, the resolution as initially drafted

might give the impression that the government’s withholding of

food from the population was directly relating to the covert nuclear

program. While both issues are of serious concern, and while there

may be indirect linkage, the linkage is not necessarily direct.

In the third ‘‘resolved’’ clause at page 2, line 8, while we hope

a change of attitude on the part of North Korea has taken place,

we will need to see much more evidence before we give them the

benefit of the doubt.

The seventh ‘‘resolved’’ clause is expanded to include the full

range of concerns regarding the North Korean missile activities.

The final ‘‘whereas’’ clause, the amendment recognizes that while

North Korea already has agreed to freeze its nuclear weapons program, considerable uncertainty remains regarding whether that

government is actually honoring that commitment.

Mr. Chairman, it is my hope that the amendment in the nature

of a substitute is acceptable to the Committee, and I thank you for

your recommendations, and your staff and mine, for their tireless

efforts in crafting this amendment in the nature of a substitute,

and I so offer.

Mr. BEREUTER. Thank you, Mr. Hastings and thank you for incorporating some of the recommendations of the State Department,

this Members and Mr. Ackerman.

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Are there Members who wish to be heard on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Florida? Seeing none, the question is

on the amendment in the nature of a substitute.

Those in favor will say aye.

All those opposed, no.

The ayes appear to have it. The ayes do have it.

Are there further amendments to the resolution? Seeing none,

the question occurs, then, on agreeing to the resolution.

As many in favor will say aye.

Those opposed will say no.

Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Chairman, I respectfully ask that Members

be permitted 5 days to revise and extend.

Mr. BEREUTER. The amendment is agreed to and, without objection, the gentleman’s request is granted.

Without objection, the staff is authorized to make technical,

grammatical, and conforming changes to the text just agreed to.

Contrary to what I read from my text and consistent with the notice, there is no second resolution. The Subcommittee stands adjourned.

Mr. HASTINGS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

[Whereupon, at 2:28 p.m., the Subcommittee was adjourned.]

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A P P E N D I X

JULY 25, 2000

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