U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 2005 

109th Congress, 1st Session Document No. 5 

Committee on Appropriations 

UNITED STATES SENATE 

138th Anniversary 

1867–2005 

III 

‘‘No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of 

Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of 

the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from 

time to time. 

‘‘This power over the purse may, in fact, be regarded as the most complete and effectual weapon with which any constitution can arm the immediate representatives of the people, for obtaining a redress of every grievance, and for carrying into effect every just and salutary measure.’’ 

V 

United States Senate 

Committee on Appropriations 

ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS 

THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi, 

Chairman 

TED STEVENS, Alaska 

ARLEN SPECTER, Pennsylvania 

PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico 

CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri 

MITCH MCCONNELL, Kentucky 

CONRAD BURNS, Montana 

RICHARD C. SHELBY, Alabama 

JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire 

ROBERT F. BENNETT, Utah 

LARRY CRAIG, Idaho 

KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas 

MIKE DEWINE, Ohio 

SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas 

WAYNE ALLARD, Colorado 

ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia, 

Ranking 

DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii 

PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont 

TOM HARKIN, Iowa 

BARBARA A. MIKULSKI, Maryland 

HARRY REID, Nevada 

HERB KOHL, Wisconsin 

PATTY MURRAY, Washington 

BYRON L. DORGAN, North Dakota 

DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California 

RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois 

TIM JOHNSON, South Dakota 

MARY L. LANDRIEU, Louisiana 

J. KEITH KENNEDY, Staff Director 

CLAYTON J. HEIL, Majority Deputy Staff Director 

TERRENCE E. SAUVAIN, Minority Staff Director 

CHARLES KIEFFER, Minority Deputy Staff Director 

VII 

1 Subcommittee chairman. 

2Ranking minority member. 

Subcommittee Membership, One Hundred Ninth 

Congress 

Senator Cochran, as chairman of the Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex officio members of all subcommittees of which they are not regular members. 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND RELATED 

AGENCIES 

Senators Bennett,1 Cochran, Specter, 

Bond, McConnell, Burns, Craig, 

Brownback, Kohl,2 Harkin, Dorgan, 

Feinstein, Durbin, Johnson, Landrieu. 

(8–7) 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, SCIENCE, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES 

Senators Shelby,1 Gregg, Stevens, 

Domenici, McConnell, Hutchison, 

Brownback, Bond, Mikulski,2 Inouye, 

Leahy, Kohl, Murray, Harkin, Dorgan. 

(8–7) 

DEFENSE 

Senators Stevens,1 Cochran, Specter, 

Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, 

Gregg, Hutchison, Burns, Inouye,2

Byrd, Leahy, Harkin, Dorgan, Durbin, 

Reid, Feinstein, Mikulski. (10–9) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 

Senators Brownback,1 DeWine, Allard, Landrieu,2 Durbin. (3–2) 

ENERGY AND WATER, AND 

RELATED AGENCIES 

Senators Domenici,1 Cochran, 

McConnell, Bennett, Burns, Craig, 

Bond, Hutchison, Allard, Reid,2 Byrd, 

Murray, Dorgan, Feinstein, Johnson, 

Landrieu, Inouye. (9–8) 

HOMELAND SECURITY 

Senators Gregg,1 Cochran, Stevens, 

Specter, Domenici, Shelby, Craig, Bennett, Allard, Byrd,2 Inouye, Leahy, Mikulski, Kohl, Murray, Reid, Feinstein. 

(9–8) 

INTERIOR AND RELATED 

AGENCIES 

Senators Burns,1 Stevens, Cochran, 

Domenici, Bennett, Gregg, Craig, Allard, Dorgan,2 Byrd, Leahy, Reid, 

Feinstein, Mikulski, Kohl. (8–7) 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN 

SERVICES, EDUCATION, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES 

Senators Specter,1 Cochran, Gregg, 

Craig, Hutchison, Stevens, DeWine, 

Shelby, Harkin,2 Inouye, Reid, Kohl, 

Murray, Landrieu, Durbin. (8–7) 
VIII 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 

Senators Allard,1 Cochran, DeWine, 

Durbin,2 Johnson. (3–2) 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION AND 

VETERANS AFFAIRS, AND 

RELATED AGENCIES 

Senators Hutchison,1 Burns, Craig, 

DeWine, Brownback, Allard, McConnell, Feinstein,2 Inouye, Johnson, 

Landrieu, Byrd, Murray. (7–6) 

STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS, 

AND RELATED PROGRAMS 

Senators McConnell,1 Specter, 

Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, Bond, 

DeWine, Brownback, Leahy,2 Inouye, 

Harkin, Mikulski, Durbin, Johnson, 

Landrieu. (8–7) 

TRANSPORTATION, TREASURY, 

THE JUDICIARY, HOUSING 

AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, AND RELATED 

AGENCIES 

Senators Bond,1 Shelby, Specter, 

Bennett, Hutchison, DeWine, 

Brownback, Stevens, Domenici, Burns, 

Murray,2 Byrd, Mikulski, Reid, Kohl, 

Durbin, Dorgan, Leahy, Harkin. 

(10–9) 
IX 

Contents 

Page 

Committee membership, One hundred ninth Congress ..................... V 

Subcommittee membership, One hundred ninth Congress ................ VII 

Introduction ....................................................................................... XI 

A History of the Senate Committee on Appropriations and the Appropriations Process in the Senate .................................................. 1 

The Budget Cycle .............................................................................. 25 

Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Appropriations ...................... 31 

Biographies of Committee Chairmen ................................................. 35 

Membership of the Committee: 

By Congress and Session ............................................................ 89 

By Subcommittee Memberships ................................................. 133 

By State and Term of Service ..................................................... 203 

Alphabetical Listing of Members of the Committee .................. 213 

The Committee Rooms ...................................................................... 221 

Staff Directors to the Committee ....................................................... 225 

Standing Rules of the Senate Relating to Appropriations .................. 227 
X 

S. Res. 164 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, 

June 8, 2005. 

Resolved, That there be printed with illustrations as a Senate 

document a compilation of materials entitled ‘‘Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, 138th Anniversary, 1867– 

2005’’, and that there be printed two thousand additional copies 

of such document for the use of the Committee on Appropriations. 

Attest: 

EMILY REYNOLDS, Secretary. 
XI 

Introduction 

March 6, 2005, marked the 138th anniversary of the creation 

of the Committee on Appropriations of the United States Senate. 

In that time, the 287 members of the Committee, led by 25 different chairmen, have helped guide the financial operations of the 

United States Government through times of war and peace, depression and prosperity, constitutional crisis and political tranquility. The Committee’s work has affected the lives and wellbeing of every American and the welfare of countless millions 

around the world. 

The information in this publication will be useful to the members of the Committee, the Congress generally, and students of 

Government interested in the development and functioning of the 

Congressional appropriations process. 

PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 

HON. THAD COCHRAN, CHAIRMAN, 

COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS 

UNITED STATES SENATE 

109TH CONGRESS 

1 

A History of the Senate Committee on Appropriations and the Appropriations Process in the 

Senate 

I. THE FIRST CENTURY AND A HALF: 1789–1946 

‘‘THE POWER OVER THE PURSE’’ 

The appropriating power of Congress rests upon the authority 

conferred by Article I, section 9, of the U.S. Constitution: 

No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts 

and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. 

The experiences of the Continental Congress left no doubt in 

the minds of the Founding Fathers about the importance of placing the ultimate control over funds in the hands of those who 

were directly responsible to the people. James Madison Federalist 

Paper No. 58 cited this point succinctly: 

This power over the purse may, in fact, be regarded as the most complete 

and effectual weapon with which any constitution can arm the immediate representatives of the people, for obtaining a redress of every grievance, and for 

carrying into effect every just and salutary measure. 

Since adoption of the Constitution, no one has seriously questioned the exclusive right of Congress to appropriate funds or the 

corollary authority to specify the objects of appropriations and the 

amounts of specific appropriations. During the 19th and early 

20th centuries, however, less agreement existed regarding the degree of control that Congress should exercise over appropriations 

and over expenditures once appropriations had been made. In 1789 

the First Congress made the Secretary of the Treasury responsible 

for compiling and reporting estimates of the public revenues and 

expenditures, but failed to give him the authority to review expenditure estimates and to oversee the use of appropriations. During the Presidency of George Washington, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton favored wide executive discretion, based 

on lump-sum congressional appropriations, with the Treasury Secretary having broad authority in his role as a minister of finance 

and an agent of and adviser to Congress. The administration of 

Thomas Jefferson, however, took a different approach. Jefferson 

named Albert Gallatin as Secretary of the Treasury, who as a 
2 

Member of the House of Representatives had advocated legislative 

control over spending through use of specific appropriations. Jefferson’s first message to Congress in 1801 spelled out this philosophy: 

In our care, too, of the public contributions intrusted to our direction it 

would be prudent to multiply barriers against their dissipation by appropriating 

specific sums to every specific purpose susceptible of definition; by disallowing 

all applications of money varying from the appropriation in object or transcending it in amount; by reducing the undefined field of contingencies and 

thereby circumscribing discretionary powers over money; and by bringing back 

to a single department all accountabilities for money, where the examinations 

may be prompt, efficacious, and uniform. 

Acceptance of congressional control in theory, however, did not 

dissuade the executive departments from seeking loopholes in the 

law as they spent the funds appropriated. Departments even made 

expenditures on a deficiency basis, forcing Congress to appropriate 

new funds for the remainder of a year. They also transferred appropriations without specific authority, let contracts in anticipation of 

appropriations, and carried forward unexpended balances, despite 

the enactment in 1795 of a law directing that any unexpended 

balances should be transferred to the surplus fund. Mingling of appropriations was not uncommon, and the loosest of control was exercised over the use of appropriations once they were made. As 

early as 1806, John Randolph, the chairman of the House Ways 

and Means Committee, deplored the decline of congressional fiscal 

control, stating that appropriations were ‘‘a matter of form, or less 

than a shadow of a shade, a mere cobweb against expenditures.’’ 

Congress made periodic attempts to regain authority over the 

purse strings of the Nation. In 1802, it instituted a postaudit expenditure review, which it strengthened in 1816. An 1809 act required public officials to account for appropriations solely on the 

basis of the purpose of the appropriation. An 1820 law required 

the Secretaries of War and Navy to submit annually their estimated financial requirements, together with a statement of the unexpended balances still available from previous appropriations. As 

time went on, other departments of the Government were required 

to submit similar information. An 1823 act prohibited the advance 

of public funds prior to appropriations. 

Despite these efforts, an almost constant tug of war between the 

executive and legislative branches of Government continued 

throughout the 19th century. While Congress recognized its responsibility to provide legislative oversight of the way funds were 

used, it was reluctant to impose rigid controls in the event of an 

emergency. Furthermore, individual members frequently favored 

Government activities that would have been restricted by limitations on appropriations. 
3 

EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS 

In the first two congresses, the general appropriations were 

made in single bills. The first appropriations bill of record, in 

1789, appropriated $639,000 and read as follows: 

An act making appropriations for the service of the present year. 

Section 1. Be it enacted, etc., That there be appropriated for the service of 

the present year, to be paid out of the moneys which arise either from the requisitions heretofore made upon the several States or from the duties on impost 

and tonnage, the following sums, viz: 

A sum not exceeding $216,000 for defraying the expenses of the civil list 

under the late and present Government; a sum not exceeding $137,000 for defraying the expenses of the Department of War; a sum not exceeding $190,000 

for discharging the warrants issued by the late board of treasury, and the remaining unsatisfied; and a sum not exceeding $96,000 for paying the pensions 

to invalids. 

Beginning in 1791, Congress—always alert to protect its constitutional powers to appropriate funds—frequently made appropriations for a particular purpose, using funds derived from a specific source. One instance illustrates these points: in February, 

1791, President George Washington sent to the Senate a message 

indicating that he intended to ransom U.S. citizens held captive 

in Algiers and seeking an appropriation ‘‘on your earliest attention’’ for the recognition of the treaty with the new emperor of 

Morocco. In response, the Senate advised the President by resolution to suspend any effort to ransom the captives until funds were 

appropriated, and it adopted an appropriation of $20,000 for the 

purpose of recognizing the emperor, with the funds to be derived 

from duties on distilled spirits. Continuing the trend towards specific funding measures, Congress in 1794 enacted a separate appropriation for the army, and 5 years later, in 1799, passed an appropriation for the navy. 

THE SENATE FINANCE COMMITTEE 

In the early years of the Republic, the Senate did much of its 

legislative work through temporary ad hoc committees specially 

appointed to handle bills, including appropriations requests. By 

1815, the Senate had authorized between 90 and 100 such special 

committees, while creating only 4 standing committees, which 

were administrative rather than legislative in function. 

Then, in 1816, the Senate adopted a new system. On a motion 

by Senator James Barbour of Virginia, the Senate added 11 standing committees to the 4 already established. One of these was the 

Committee on Finance, which for the next 50 years handled appropriations bills. While this arrangement provided some of the needed legislative coordination, the executive branch still had no unified budgetary procedure. No single office was responsible for preparing and coordinating the estimates for appropriations. Instead, 
4 

1Rule 30 was framed in terms of amendments to general appropriations bills because the custom 

(based on the House’s insistence) was for the Senate Finance Committee (and later the Appropriations Committee) to amend the House bill rather than originate a Senate bill. 

each department of the Government requested the amount it believed necessary to fund its programs. 

During the ensuing decades, Congress enacted many laws to 

wrestle with what was termed ‘‘the usurpation of control by the 

departments of the Government.’’ With little success, legislators 

adopted procurement and contracting regulations, transportation 

and salary restrictions, and even expenditure limitations. In the 

years from 1846 to 1848, Government operation costs skyrocketed, 

as the war with Mexico engaged the Nation’s attention. Total expenditures rose from $22 million in 1845 to $57 million in 1847, 

and deficits in 3 years aggregated a higher total than any since 

the War of 1812. Probably as a result, the Senate on December 

19, 1850, adopted the first legislative limitation on appropriations, 

embodied in Rule 30 of the Senate 1, which read as follows: 

No amendment proposing additional appropriations shall be received to any 

general appropriation bill, unless it be made to carry out the provisions of some 

existing law, or some act or resolution previously passed by the Senate during 

that session, or moved by a standing committee of the Senate, or in pursuance 

of an estimate from the head of some of the departments; and no amendment 

shall be received whose object is to provide for a private claim, unless it be 

made to carry out the provisions of an existing law or a treaty stipulation. 

A decade later, the increased Federal Government expenditures 

incurred during the Civil War dwarfed those from the war with 

Mexico. For 8 years, between 1858 and 1865, the Treasury Department showed a deficit in Federal balances that reached $963 

million in 1865. That year, for the first time, expenditures passed 

the billion-dollar mark, and, in the following year, the interest on 

the public debt rose about $100 million. During the Civil War 

period, the Federal Government spent millions of dollars without 

Congress making appropriations, in what is generally regarded as 

the high-water mark of the exercise of executive power in the 

United States. The exigencies of the moment frustrated congressional attempts to control the purse, as the President wrote, ‘‘I feel 

that measures, otherwise unconstitutional, might become lawful by 

becoming indispensable to the preservation of the Nation.’’ Once 

the national danger subsided, however, Congress reasserted its constitutional rights and directed its attention to control of appropriations. 

CREATION OF THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS 

At the beginning of the Fortieth Congress in March 1867, Senator Henry B. Anthony of Rhode Island offered a Senate resolution 

providing for the creation of ‘‘a Committee on Appropriations, to 
5 

2This measure, the first appropriation bill ever considered by the Senate Committee on Appropriations, was S. 83, Fortieth Congress, originating in the Senate. It was amended in both houses 

and in the conference. Only one of the three conferees, Senator Morrill, was a regular Appropriations 

member. Along with other items for the Senate, House, and executive branch, the bill contained 

$2,898 for the salary (covering approximately 16 months) for the clerk of the Senate Committee 

on Appropriations. President Andrew Johnson signed the bill into law on March 29, 1867. 

consist of seven members.’’ His purpose was ‘‘to divide the onerous 

labors of the Finance Committee with another committee’’ by separating the tax-writing and appropriating processes. The House 

had already established an Appropriations Committee 2 years earlier. Without further discussion, Anthony’s resolution was considered by unanimous consent and agreed to, giving birth to the Senate Committee on Appropriations on March 6, 1867. The lack of 

Senate debate over the proposed resolution indicates that Members 

recognized the need to control the appropriations process, as well 

as to ensure better management of Government spending by giving one committee the sole responsibility to examine executive 

agency budget estimates. When the Senate approved the membership of its standing committees the next day, it named the following members to the new Committee on Appropriations: 

Lot M. Morrill of Maine, chairman 

James W. Grimes of Iowa 

Timothy O. Howe of Wisconsin 

Henry Wilson of Massachusetts 

Cornelius Cole of California 

Roscoe Conkling of New York 

James Guthrie of Kentucky 

Senator Anthony then offered a resolution to amend Rule 30 of 

the Senate, to which relatively minor changes had been made in 

1852 and 1854. The new resolution was far-reaching: 

Resolved, That the 30th rule of the Senate be amended by adding thereto the 

following words, namely: ‘‘And all amendments to general appropriation bills 

reported from the committees of the Senate, proposing new items of appropriation, shall, 1 day before they are offered, be referred to the Committee on Appropriations; and all general appropriation bills shall be referred to the said 

committee.’’ 

This resolution, which the Senate agreed to without debate, gave 

the committee an opportunity to examine all proposed amendments, thus precluding spontaneous floor amendments. On the 

first appropriation bill reported by the committee, Senator Lot 

Morrill raised a point of order—which the Senate sustained— 

against a floor amendment about which the Committee on Appropriations had not received prior notice.2

The operations of the newly formed committee were in many 

ways similar to those in practice today. To handle the various appropriation bills, the committee soon established 13 subcommit-
6 

tees, with three members assigned to each, responsible for the following topics: 

Agriculture 

Army 

Deficiencies 

Diplomatic and consular 

District of Columbia 

Fortification 

Indian 

Legislative 

Military Academy 

Navy 

Pensions 

Post Office 

Sundry Civil 

In the Senate, as in the House, the Committee on Commerce 

continued to handle the rivers and harbors appropriation bill, 

which had been provided for as a separate bill since 1826 and was 

not considered a ‘‘general’’ appropriation bill. 

FISCAL REFORM POLICIES 

Once created, the House and Senate Appropriations Committees 

moved promptly to correct loopholes in the way appropriated 

money was used. They first attacked the problem of commingling 

and transferring funds. As the power of the Presidency had waxed 

or waned between 1817 and 1868, Congress had passed at least 

11 measures either limiting, regulating, or extending the power 

of the President to transfer funds from one object of appropriation 

to another. At the instance of the Senate Appropriations Committee in 1868, an amendment to a deficiency appropriation bill 

repealed all acts authorizing the transfers of appropriations. On the 

floor, the bill was further amended to forbid using money for any 

purpose other than that for which it was appropriated, although 

unexpended balances could still be employed for purposes similar 

to those for which Congress had appropriated the funds. 

A further problem not addressed by the 1868 act continued, 

however, because executive agencies often tapped unexpended balances in years subsequent to those for which Congress had appropriated the money. Because this practice made it virtually impossible for the Treasury Department and Congress to ascertain the 

exact amounts of these unexpended funds, the Appropriations 

Committees were unable to judge accurately the actual needs of 

the various agencies. The legislative appropriations bill in 1870 

became the vehicle to rectify the problem. As finally enacted, the 

law provided that all unexpended balances from appropriations 

made specifically for a given fiscal year would be placed in the 
7 

surplus fund of the Treasury, although such funds could be used 

to fulfill contracts made within that year. Another section in the 

same act later became section 3679 of the Revised Statutes, subsequently known as the Anti-Deficiency Act. This section stated that 

no department could make greater expenditures during a fiscal 

year than the amount provided by Congress. Nor could a department involve the Federal Government in any contract for the future payment of money in excess of appropriations. 

In addition, the act provided that the Treasury Department 

should report all balances of appropriations that had remained on 

the books without being drawn against for 2 years after the date 

of the last appropriation. If these amounts were not required in 

order to settle accounts, they might be transferred to the surplus 

fund. An interpretation by the Attorney General, however, virtually nullified the intent of this provision. His ruling stated that 

any agency’s authority to expend would be automatically extended 

for another 2 years if any part of the unexpended balance was 

drawn on within the first 2-year period. Congress hastened to correct this assumption by passing a law in 1874 that stipulated: 

. . . the Secretary of the Treasury shall cause all unexpended balances of appropriations which shall have remained upon the books of the Treasury for 2 fiscal 

years to be carried to the surplus fund and covered into the Treasury. 

The measure excepted permanent specific appropriations and those 

for rivers and harbors, lighthouses, fortifications, public buildings, 

and the pay of the navy and marine corps. 

No significant changes occurred in the committee’s structure 

during the next three decades. Although its membership was enlarged from 7 to 9 in 1873, temporarily to 10 in 1885, and then 

to 13 in 1895, no revisions in the subcommittee makeup are recorded during this period. General revisions of the Senate rules in 

1877 and 1884 had little impact on the committee, except that 

in the latter year the Senate adopted Rule XVI, regarding amendments to appropriation bills, incorporating much of what had previously been contained in Rule 30. Passage of the Dockery Act in 

1894 improved the fiscal management of the Government but 

continued to vest control of spending in the executive branch, so 

that Congress still lacked the authority to conduct an independent 

review of agency expenditures. 

RESTRICTIONS ON COMMITTEE IN 1899 

On January 28, 1899, the Senate adopted a rules change that 

profoundly affected the operation of the Committee on Appropriations by removing most of the appropriation bills from its jurisdiction. The House of Representatives had already taken a similar 

step in 1885 when it removed all but 6 of the 14 general bills 
8 

from the control of its Appropriations Committee, referring them 

instead to the related legislative committees. 

Students of Government assert that the sentiment to restrict the 

power of the Committee on Appropriations developed in reaction 

to the practices that had helped Congress maintain some control 

over the national purse strings. Executive agencies and others concerned about establishing and operating individual programs 

chafed under restrictions that hampered their previous freedom of 

operation. They objected to requirements initiated by the Appropriations Committee, such as the detailed itemization of appropriations, restrictions on their power to transfer funds, the provision 

returning unexpended balances to the treasury, and the prohibition 

on contract obligations in excess of appropriations. 

In December 1895, Senator Fred T. Dubois of Idaho introduced 

a resolution to curb the committee’s power by amending Rule 

XVI to strip the Committee on Appropriations of most of its control over appropriations. The resolution directed that the appropriate legislative committees would handle appropriations dealing 

with agriculture, consular and diplomatic activities, the military 

establishment (including the military academy), the naval establishment, post offices, Indians and Indian tribes, rivers and harbors, fortifications, the District of Columbia, and pensions. The 

Appropriations Committee would retain control only over appropriations for the legislative, executive, and judicial expenses; sundry civil expenses; and all deficiencies. Two months later, Senator 

Dubois, objecting to consideration of an urgent deficiency appropriation bill, insisted that his resolution be made the pending 

business. The Appropriations Committee chairman, Senator William B. Allison, defended the committee, asserting that it ‘‘has 

with fidelity represented the interests of the Senate as manifested 

by votes here upon this subject,’’ and another committee member, 

Senator Eugene Hale of Maine, denounced the motion as a proposal ‘‘to dismantle the committee.’’ After extended debate, punctuated by considerable parliamentary maneuvering, the Senate referred the resolution to the Committee on Rules with instructions 

to report back to the Senate by the beginning of the next session. 

Three days after the second session began, on December 10, 1896, 

Senator Nelson W. Aldrich, for the Committee on Rules, requested and received an extension of time to consider the resolution. 

The committee took no further action in that Congress. Two 

years later, on December 21, 1898, Senator William E. Chandler 

of New Hampshire, on behalf of Senator Thomas H. Carter of 

Montana, offered the same resolution to amend Rule XVI. The 

stated purpose was ‘‘to facilitate and expedite the business of the 
9 

Senate.’’ Senator Chandler resubmitted the resolution 3 weeks later 

on January 10, 1899, and asked that it be placed on the calendar. 

He indicated that either he or Senator Carter would move to proceed to its consideration at the earliest appropriate moment. When 

Senator Aldrich of the Committee on Rules called up the resolution on January 28, it was considered by unanimous consent and 

agreed to without comment. That no debate took place seems to 

indicate that opinion in the Senate had come to support the resolution, which established a procedure similar to one adopted by 

the House 14 years earlier. Under the resolution as passed by the 

Senate, the rivers and harbors bill continued to be referred to the 

Committee on Commerce, and the bills on agriculture, the army, 

the military academy, Indians, the navy, pensions, and the Post 

Office went to the appropriate legislative committees. These 

changes left the Appropriations Committee with a diminished, but 

still substantial, jurisdiction, divided among six subcommittees. 

Among the remaining subcommittees, for example, the Legislative 

Subcommittee was responsible for funding for the salaries and contingent expenses of most of the executive branch departments (including the civilian administration of the Navy and War Departments, but not the Agriculture Department) in the Legislative, 

Executive, and Judicial bill. The Sundry Civil Subcommittee provided funding for the activities of a wide variety of agencies (such 

as the Bureau of Mines, the Customs Service, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and the Veterans’ Bureau). The Sundry Civil 

bill was frequently the largest of the general appropriations bills. 

The Appropriations Committee also retained subcommittees to 

consider the Diplomatic and Consular, District of Columbia, and 

Fortifications bills, as well as a subcommittee devoted to deficiencies. 

For the next 20 years, little significant change occurred in the 

appropriations process. In 1911, the committee’s membership rose 

to 17 and in 1915 to 20, but no revisions of consequence took 

place in the referral of bills and the authority of the committee. 

DECENTRALIZED APPROPRIATIONS PROCEDURES, 1900–1920 

Even under the decentralized approach to Federal financing, the 

Appropriations Committee continued its efforts to place some restraints on Government spending. During the period between 

1897 and 1909, the expenditures occasioned by the Spanish-American War, together with enlarged Federal functions, practically 

doubled annual appropriations. Because the customs duties and 

tariff revenues that had provided the major source of Government 

funds from the early days of the Republic no longer sufficed to 

finance the increased outlays, this extensive spending resulted in 
10 

an unbalanced budget, with deficits existing in 10 of the 16 years 

between 1894 and 1909. 

A further problem from a congressional standpoint was the 

growing use by executive branch agencies of a device that has been 

termed ‘‘coercive deficiencies.’’ An agency would spend at a rapid 

rate money that had been appropriated for an entire year. When 

the funds neared exhaustion, the agency informed Congress that, 

if additional appropriations were not provided, the required services would have to be stopped, in order to comply with the AntiDeficiency Act of 1870. Although Congress complained about this 

practice, it felt obliged to grant the funds, in order to avoid curtailing or shutting down some executive function deemed vital to 

the Nation. Compounding the problem, the loss of jurisdiction by 

the Appropriations Committee meant that two different committees might have handled the original appropriation and the deficiency request. The Senate and House Appropriations Committees, 

led by their chairmen, Senator Eugene Hale and Representative 

(later Senator) James A. Hemenway, resolved to end this practice 

of the ‘‘understrappers,’’ as Senator Hale termed them, who flaunted their power in the face of congressional edict. In 1905 and 

1907, Congress twice amended the antideficiency language in section 3679 of the Revised Statutes. In addition to the provision of 

1870 requiring that expenditures be limited to money appropriated for a given fiscal year, the new law stipulated that the appropriations should be apportioned by monthly or other allotments, in order to prevent excessive expenditures in one portion 

of the year that would necessitate a deficiency appropriation later 

on. This law could only be waived by informing Congress in the 

event of ‘‘some extraordinary emergency or unusual circumstance’’ 

that could not be anticipated at the time the apportionment was 

made. 

In another action, the Appropriations Committee in 1906 

sought to stop the practice of permitting the heads of departments 

to submit their estimates ‘‘piecemeal,’’ as Senator Hale termed it. 

Instead, Congress directed each agency to include in its initial request the full amount that would be needed to carry out its responsibilities. If additional funds were later required to implement 

new laws or to provide a necessary public service, the request 

should include a full statement explaining the urgency of the need 

and the reasons for omitting the amount from the annual estimates. Further, a provision of the Sundry Civil Appropriation Act 

in 1909 made the President responsible for recommending to Congress the methods by which annual expenditure estimates might 

be brought within the estimated revenues. 
11 

THE BUDGET AND ACCOUNTING ACT OF 1921 

Although the decentralized approach to appropriations was slow 

to die, a new concept of budgeting gradually developed in the first 

two decades of the 20th century. In 1910, shortly after the revision of antideficiency legislation, President William Howard Taft 

appointed a Commission on Economy and Efficiency. Its report 2 

years later urged the adoption of a Federal budget system. Shortly 

before leaving office in 1913, President William Howard Taft attempted to implement a key recommendation of the Commission 

by submitting a consolidated executive budget, but Congress refused to consider it, and the Commission quietly went out of business the following year. The outbreak of the First World War delayed further congressional consideration of the question of a new 

budget system, but by the time the Budget and Accounting Act 

was signed into law by President Warren G. Harding in 1921 the 

idea of an executive budget had been accepted as a necessity for 

achieving economy and efficiency. 

During World War I, as in previous wars, the executive branch 

was granted great flexibility in its use of appropriated funds. A 

Congress eager to support the war effort and avoid having fiscal 

procedures hinder military operations permitted such tactics as 

lump-sum appropriations, the use of revolving funds, and a generally worded permission to employ contract authority and incur 

obligations in excess of appropriations. Once the war was over, 

however, Congress moved to reassert its control over the use of 

funds, particularly in light of a general concern that retrenchment 

was needed. The average annual appropriation for the 10 years 

prior to World War I had hovered at the billion-dollar mark but, 

by the war’s end, the amount had soared to $27 billion. For fiscal 

year 1920, the first peacetime year, appropriations stood at approximately $6.5 billion, over six times the prewar average. The 

answer appeared to be a major budgetary overhaul. 

Congress took the first steps soon after the war, when it discontinued as no longer necessary the practice of making large lumpsum appropriations. Congress also rescinded some appropriations 

and curtailed the use of revolving funds, while liquidating many 

of the war-spawned Government corporations. Such changes controlled practices brought about by wartime exigencies, but they 

did not strike at the root of the problem. For example, coercive 

deficiencies continued to flourish, despite the requirement of section 3679 of the Revised Statutes that appropriations be allocated 

over the course of a full year. Although Appropriations Committee 

Chairman Senator Francis E. Warren of Wyoming fought against 

this practice, he faced the old problem that, if Congress denied 

these requests for deficiencies, it would be penalizing public serv-
12 

ants and others who had earned their salaries or furnished commodities for which they should be paid. The fact also remained 

that no one had been punished under the provisions of the AntiDeficiency Act. 

Other major problems were all too evident. Each agency of the 

Government had generally dealt directly with Congress in its requests for funds. Neither the President nor the Treasury Department exercised any coordinated control over budgetary policies and 

requests. Although after 1909 the Treasury Department had the 

responsibility to inform the President if a budget deficit was anticipated, little or no overall budgetary control existed. The Treasury Department collected the estimates submitted by the departments and agencies and transmitted them to Congress without 

changes. 

From a legislative standpoint, the system that the Senate had 

employed since the turn of the century had obvious drawbacks. 

With no centralized responsibility for budgetary consideration, 

eight different committees pursued their own courses, and appropriations for a single department might be handled by several different committees. As an extreme example, appropriations for the 

War Department were contained in four different bills before three 

separate committees. Over the years, many legislators contended 

that such fragmentation of appropriations among numerous committees was in the end extravagant, with some describing the prevailing system as ‘‘illogical, unscientific, and universally condemned by disinterested students of our Government.’’ The platforms of both major parties in 1916 had also stressed the need for 

reform. 

To address these problems, Congress in 1919 passed a budget 

and accounting bill, which President Woodrow Wilson vetoed on 

constitutional grounds involving his power to remove the comptroller general from office. Two years later, however, the attempt 

succeeded, and President Warren G. Harding signed the Budget 

and Accounting Act of 1921. Passage of the law brought major 

changes in the entire appropriating procedure, designed to give 

Congress greater control over the budgetary process and to establish a more centralized approach to financial policy in both the executive and legislative branches. 

The most far-reaching single fiscal reform measure promulgated 

since the establishment of the Republic, the Budget and Accounting Act provided for unified executive control over budget submission and created a legislative agency whose duties included a centralized oversight of all executive spending. Implementation of the 

act also led to a consolidation of the congressional appropriations 

process. 
13 

Thus, after 130 years, the financial operation of the Government 

was to be brought within a centralized system. Specifically, the 

law required the President to transmit to Congress the proposed 

annual budget of the United States. To oversee this process, it established a Bureau of the Budget, located in the Treasury Department but under the immediate direction of the President, which 

was empowered to assemble, correlate, revise, and reduce or increase the estimates of the several departments and establishments. 

In addition, the act established the General Accounting Office, 

headed by a comptroller general of the United States, which was 

to be entirely independent of the executive branch and responsible 

only to Congress as its fiscal representative and auditor. The agency’s powers, which have since been enlarged, were sweeping, giving Congress an independent agent to audit executive accounts and 

investigate all receipts, disbursements, and applications of public 

funds. The new General Accounting Office also absorbed powers 

previously delegated to the Treasury Department under the 1894 

Dockery Act. In regard to deficiencies, the act specified that the 

comptroller general should report to Congress expenditures or contracts made by any department or agency in violation of the law. 

COMMITTEE JURISDICTION RESTORED 

In 1922, after the new act took effect, the Senate confronted the 

need to adjust to the altered arrangement of appropriations measures. With the approval of the President, the Bureau of the Budget proposed a new structure for considering the regular annual appropriations bills, and the House Committee on Appropriations— 

which had assumed control over all general appropriations again 

in 1920—adopted the procedure. According to the Senate procedure followed since 1899, a large number of appropriations bills 

were referred to legislative committees, while the remainder went 

to the Committee on Appropriations. The new arrangement wiped 

out most of the old categories of appropriations bills and substituted new ones, grouped according to the various units of governmental organization. Although the law required, and the Bureau of the Budget provided, alternative lists of estimates (one 

under the old method of procedure and one under the new) the 

Senate needed to offer some direction regarding the proper course 

to pursue. As Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Francis 

Warren pointed out: 

. . . if the so-called budget law is put into effect as it was intended, it will 

require us to pursue very much the same procedure as the other House is now 

pursuing and under which they are working so harmoniously and expeditiously 

in the present Congress. On the other hand, if it be sought to divide over the 

various appropriation bills as heretofore, then, I think, it will be better that 

the rule shall distinctly refer to the bills under this new designation and cause 
14 

their reference to whatever committee may be provided. My purpose will be to 

state the facts and to introduce a resolution which may go to the Committee 

on Rules in order that they may consider the entire subject. 

The new procedure, envisaging a changed structure cutting 

across the lines of the previous appropriations process, affected the 

bills referred to the various legislative committees as well as those 

sent to the Appropriations Committee. Not one bill previously 

handled by the legislative committees remained as it was; only one 

bill, the deficiency measure, remained unchanged; and only two 

bills under the old titles would be referred to the Senate Committee on Appropriations. Concerned about the need to take some 

action, Senator Warren proposed the following resolution—while 

indicating that he had no desire to infringe on the rights and 

privileges of any individual Senator or committee: 

Resolved, That clause 1 of rule 16 of the Standing Rules of the Senate be 

amended so as to read as follows, to wit: 

‘‘1. All general appropriation bills shall be referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and no amendments shall be received to any general appropriation 

bill the effect of which will be to increase an appropriation already contained 

in the bill, or to add a new item of appropriation, unless it be made to carry 

out the provisions of some existing law, or treaty stipulation, or act, or resolution previously passed by the Senate during that session; or unless the same be 

moved by direction of a standing or select committee of the Senate, or proposed 

in pursuance of an estimate of the head of some one of the departments.’’ 

The effect of the proposed resolution would be to bring all general 

appropriations back under the control of the Committee on Appropriations, which, in turn, could set up subcommittees compatible 

with the new budget structure and the operations of the House 

committee. 

The subject was broached by Senator Warren on January 16 and 

18, 1922, and the actual debate on the resolution began on March 

1 and continued until March 6. The Rules Committee recommended that Senate Rule XVI be amended so that all general 

appropriation bills would be referred to the Senate Committee on 

Appropriations and that the chairman and two other members of 

the Committees on Agriculture and Forestry, Military Affairs, 

Naval Affairs, Post Office and Post Roads, Commerce, and Foreign 

Relations would sit with the members of the Committee on Appropriations on those matters over which the legislative committees maintained jurisdiction. It was further proposed that an appropriation bill would be subject to a point of order if the bill 

contained amendments proposing new or general legislation. 

Although some opposition existed to the entire concept of the 

Committee on Appropriations assuming control over all appropriations, most of the debate centered on the idea of having ex officio 

members from the legislative committees sitting with the Com-
15 

mittee on Appropriations when agencies within their legislative 

jurisdiction were requesting funds, and, similarly, having them 

represented on the conference committees. Senator Pat Harrison of 

Mississippi moved that the Senate reverse the proposal and provide 

that three members of the Committee on Appropriations sit in 

conference with the members of the legislative committees. Senator 

George Norris of Nebraska, on the other hand, favored eliminating 

the ex officio legislative committee members from appropriations 

consideration. The final arrangement authorized three members of 

the legislative committees to sit with the Committee on Appropriations during consideration of appropriations for the designated 

departments, and authorized one to sit on the conferences. The 

District of Columbia legislative committee received the same 

rights as the other legislative committees. 

Some Senators also worried about making the Committee on 

Appropriations all powerful, but the amendment to Rule XVI, as 

perfected on the floor, stilled much of the opposition by forbidding the committee to report an appropriation bill containing 

amendments proposing new or general legislation. A point of order 

could be lodged against any bill including such an amendment 

that, if sustained, would send the measure back to committee. The 

Senate adopted the amendment to Rule XVI by a vote of 63 to 

14. 

To implement the revised structure of appropriations bills, the 

committee established a new set of subcommittees, including: Agriculture; Commerce and Labor; Deficiencies; District of Columbia; 

Independent Offices; Interior; Legislative; Navy; Post Office; State 

and Justice; Treasury; and War Department, which was responsible 

for both military and civilian functions (such as river and harbor 

improvements done by the Corps of Engineers). During the next 

25 years only minor changes took place in the subcommittee 

structure, such as the combination of the Treasury Department and 

the Post Office subcommittees, and the combination of the State 

and Justice Departments with the Commerce and Labor Departments subcommittees (and later, establishing a separate Labor Department subcommittee). 

The committee procedure remained generally stable from the 

time of the 1922 amendment to Rule XVI to the passage of the 

Legislative Reorganization Act in 1946. The size of the committee, however, did fluctuate somewhat. By 1915, the committee 

had increased to 20 members, but the amendment to Rule XVI 

decreased it again to 16, because of the fear of either a too unwieldy or a too powerful committee, as well as because of the addition of ex officio members to the committee (a practice that 

lasted until the 94th Congress). In 1927 it was increased to 19 
16 

members, in 1931 to 23 members, in 1935 to 24 members, and 

in 1943 to 25 members. 

II. THE MODERN ERA 

LEGISLATIVE REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1946 

As World War II was drawing to a close, many Members of 

Congress recognized the growing need for a major overhaul of the 

Federal structure. The depression of the 1930s and the war in the 

1940s had spawned a vast number of new agencies to meet these 

national crises. At the same time, the close scrutiny over appropriations and their use that Congress had so painstakingly evolved 

was again loosened to permit executive flexibility in the administration of emergency measures. Once more, Congress had resorted 

to lump-sum appropriations, had legalized transfers of appropriations, and had created a multiplicity of corporations, first to combat the depression and later to aid the conduct of the war. In the 

closing days of 1945, Congress passed the Government Corporation Control Act and an act to provide for the reorganization of 

Government agencies. These laws were designed to make possible 

financial control of Government corporations and promote economy in Government by eliminating, coordinating, and consolidating agencies. Congress also again ended lump-sum appropriations and prohibited transfers of appropriations. 

Recognizing that it must also set its own house in better order, 

Congress in 1945 created a joint committee, chaired by Wisconsin 

Senator Robert M. La Follette, Jr., with Representative A.S. Mike 

Monroney of Oklahoma as vice chair, to make a full study of the 

organization and operation of Congress. As a result of that study, 

joint committee members introduced a bill in 1946 proposing 

changes in the institutional operations of Congress. The Senate 

passed the legislation in June; the House acted the next month; 

and President Harry Truman signed it into law on August 2, 

1946. The measure as enacted stipulated that there should be a 

total of 16 standing committees in the Senate, a marked reduction 

from the previous 33. It further required—for the first time in 

history—that the rules of the Senate define the jurisdiction of the 

reorganized committees. The act described the jurisdiction of the 

Committee on Appropriations as follows: 

‘‘to which committee shall be referred all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the following subjects: 

1. Appropriation of the revenue for the support of the Government. . . .’’ 

The original bill had proposed that the membership of the committee be reduced to 13, but a floor amendment raised the number to 21, still a decrease of 4 from the previous 25. 
17 

The act also provided that Senators could serve on no more than 

two standing committees, with the exception of members of the 

Committees on Expenditures and the District of Columbia. This 

change eliminated the multiplicity of assignments, which had risen 

to as many as 10 standing committee memberships for a single 

Senator. 

To provide more adequate staffing of congressional committees, 

the bill authorized employing four staff experts for each committee, and each subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations was also to be assigned four qualified staff assistants. A subsequent amendment left the size of the staff to the discretion of 

the committee, while making clear that an expanded staff was favored. Left to each committee’s discretion were the qualifications 

of the staff, which had been a focus of discussion during the Senate 

debate. In 1947 the number of committee staff members was increased considerably. 

JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE LEGISLATIVE BUDGET 

The Legislative Reorganization Act also revived and expanded 

an idea that had been suggested by Senator Miles Poindexter of 

Washington in 1921. He had urged creation of a joint committee 

‘‘to meet promptly at the convening of each session of Congress,’’ 

in order to examine Government revenues and prepare to allocate 

the funds that would be available for appropriation during the ensuing fiscal year. The new act established a Joint Committee on 

the Legislative Budget to be composed of members of the Senate 

and House Appropriations Committees, the Senate Finance Committee, and the House Ways and Means Committee. The joint 

committee was to meet at the beginning of each regular session 

and, after study and consultation, report to the respective houses 

a legislative budget for the ensuing fiscal year, including the estimated Federal receipts and expenditures for that year. The report 

would recommend the total amount to be reserved for deficiencies, 

as well as a reduction in the public debt if estimated expenditures 

were expected to exceed receipts. A concurrent resolution was to 

accompany the report, fixing the maximum amount to be appropriated for expenditure during that year. If expenditures were estimated to exceed receipts, the report would include a statement of 

the sense of Congress that the public debt would be increased by 

the amount of the excess. After considerable discussion, the date 

of the report was fixed at February 15 of each year, although the 

original recommendation had been April 15. At the time, Senator 

Alben Barkley of Kentucky expressed reservations about the tim-
18 

3The original bill also included a deficit reduction provision that was eventually dropped. If, 

midway through the fiscal year, total Federal expenditures appeared likely to exceed receipts by 

more than the congressionally approved deficit, the provision required the President uniformly to 

reduce all appropriations to bring the deficit within the limit previously set, unless there was a 

national emergency. 

ing of the report, and subsequent experience demonstrated that his 

misgivings were well founded.3

Attempts were made in 1947 and 1948 to carry out the intent 

of the legislative budget provision, with little success. In 1947 the 

conferees between the two Houses were unable to reach a final 

agreement on the differing versions of two budget resolutions 

passed after joint meetings. In 1948, both Houses adopted a joint 

resolution, but a strongly worded minority report noted basic defects in the procedure. In 1949, a joint resolution that would have 

suspended the legislative budget provision pending further study 

was introduced but blocked by an objection. The joint committee 

held no further meetings after that time. 

OTHER EFFORTS TO CONTROL SPENDING 

In 1950 Congress attempted another experiment, in the form of 

a consolidated appropriations bill, in which all appropriations were 

to be considered in a single measure. The proponents believed that 

the plan would promote economy, speed up the appropriations 

process, and provide Congress with the total funding picture before any appropriations were made. The complexity and magnitude 

of the operation, however, made the committee’s work difficult 

and floor consideration cumbersome. The experiment was therefore 

not repeated. 

Congress did enact other laws designed to improve and 

strengthen controls over the budgetary process that were more successful. The National Security Act Amendments of 1949, for example, reorganized the fiscal management in the Department of 

Defense to promote efficiency and economy. In 1950 the Budget 

and Accounting Procedures Act improved the process for budgeting, accounting, and auditing, as well as permitting the President to prepare a performance budget focusing on the functions 

of the Government. That act also strengthened the Office of the 

Comptroller General and placed a variety of statistical and informational requirements on the executive branch, in order to provide 

both branches of Government with better tools for legislative and 

management controls. The Supplemental Appropriations Act for 

1955 tightened the basis for reporting obligations. In addition, the 

Appropriations Committees took steps to strengthen antideficiency 

legislation during the 1950s by adopting more effective controls, 

simplifying the allotment system, and limiting the nature of deficiency requests. In 1958 Congress amended the Budget and Ac-
19 

counting Act of 1921 to authorize an accrued expenditure limitation system, although opponents of the plan believed that the legislation would not provide the desired controls. 

Fiscal controls have been enhanced since the 1950s by more frequent use of the annual authorization process initiated by the legislative committees. Originally, appropriations were based on the 

legal authority contained in basic statutes creating Government 

departments and agencies and by revisions of those laws. The 

change to require annual authorizations for many programs enables 

Congress to review twice—through the authorization process and 

through the appropriations process—the financial requirements of 

many Government agencies, particularly in those areas where requirements change markedly from year to year. Since the upper 

limits of many appropriations are defined through the authorization process, the appropriation procedure is closely tied to authorization action. 

THE 1974 BUDGET ACT AND SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENTS 

During the late 1960s and early 1970s, the budget deficit grew 

as a result of increased spending for both the Vietnam war and 

domestic programs, leading Congress on several occasions to adopt 

spending limits. Then, during the Presidency of Richard Nixon, 

as the executive branch became increasingly concerned about controlling spending, the President began impounding certain program funds appropriated by Congress that exceeded the amount 

included in his original budget. This action raised the question 

whether the executive branch or Congress had final control over 

spending. 

In response to this executive-legislative branch conflict, Congress passed the 1974 Congressional Budget and Impoundment 

Control Act, creating a comprehensive new Federal budget process. 

Since the goal was to enable the Senate and House to examine the 

entire budget for a fiscal year including appropriations, direct 

spending, and revenues, and set priorities among programs, Congress needed access to independent fiscal estimates and technical 

expertise, rather than relying on executive branch agencies that reported to the President. The legislation therefore established a 

Congressional Budget Office as a legislative branch agency reporting to Congress. While retaining the Senate and House Appropriations Committees in their traditional roles, the law created Budget 

Committees in each body to oversee the new process. In order to 

combat the impoundment problem, the act established a system 

permitting the President, with congressional approval, to defer or 

rescind spending of appropriated funds. Under the new process, 

Congress would use a concurrent resolution to establish a plan setting forth the levels for taxation, spending, and the deficit. The 
20 

plan would then be implemented through enactment of budgetary 

legislation in the traditional manner. The act also changed the 

Government’s fiscal year to begin on October 1 rather than July 

1 as it had previously. 

In spite of the new budget process, the national budget deficit 

climbed steeply in the early 1980s, leading Congress in 1985 to 

adopt the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act 

(known popularly as Gramm-Rudman-Hollings after its Senate 

sponsors, Senators Phil Gramm of Texas, Warren B. Rudman of 

New Hampshire, and Ernest F. Hollings of South Carolina). 

Aimed at achieving a balanced budget within 5 years, this law 

provided that, when the Federal deficit exceeded certain levels, 

automatic across-the-board cuts in spending (known as ‘‘sequestration’’) would take place. 

When budget deficits again began to rise a few years later, congressional leaders tried the so-called budget summit approach, in 

which they met with representatives of the administration to seek 

agreement on ways to reduce the deficit. While they achieved 

some temporary success, by 1990 the deficit soared once more, far 

exceeding the targets set under Gramm-Rudman-Hollings. As part 

of a budget summit plan negotiated with President George Bush 

to cut the deficit, Congress enacted the Budget Enforcement Act 

of 1990. This act shifted the focus of budgetary control away from 

the deficit and instead defined limits for the contents of budgetary 

legislation. It established two new control mechanisms, both enforced by sequestration: spending caps designed to limit the level 

of discretionary spending provided in appropriations acts; and the 

pay-as-you-go (PAYGO) process designed to limit changes in the 

overall level of revenues and direct spending due to new legislation 

(but not due to external factors, such as economic conditions). Initially these restrictions were designed to last through 1995, but 

in 1993 they were extended through 1997, and in 1997 they were 

extended through 2002. 

As a result of spending conflicts between Congress and the 

President, and within Congress as well, during the 1980’s it became increasingly difficult to enact all of the appropriations bills 

before the beginning of the fiscal year. In response, Congress 

began to use continuing resolutions—originally designed to provide temporary funding at the start of a fiscal year if action on 

one or more of the regular appropriations bills were stalled—as a 

substitute. Congress also began using such continuing resolutions 

as omnibus appropriations measures, using them to supplant final 

action on all 13 regular appropriations bills in 1986 and 1987. 

The use of omnibus appropriations measures, combining the contents of two or more regular appropriations bills, continued 
21 

through the 1990’s, although continuing resolutions were less likely to be the vehicle for such action. 

PRESENT COMMITTEE STRUCTURE 

Throughout the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, the Senate Committee on Appropriations has continued its work on individual appropriations bills, while operating within the framework of the 

budget process established in 1974, as modified in 1985 and 

1990. A number of members of the Senate Appropriations Committee also serve on the Budget Committee, providing an informal 

liaison between the two committees. 

Over the decades, the subcommittee structure has also changed 

to reflect developments in the executive branch. With passage of 

the National Security Act of 1947, as amended in 1949, for example, the subcommittees dealing with the military establishment 

were combined, first into the Armed Services Subcommittee and 

later, in 1955, into the Department of Defense Subcommittee. In 

1967 a Transportation Subcommittee was established to handle appropriation requests for the newly formed Department of Transportation. 

In 1969 (91st Congress), the Full Committee relinquished consideration of bills for funding foreign aid to a Subcommittee on 

Foreign Operations. In 1971 (92nd Congress), the Committee reserved consideration of general supplemental bills to the Full 

Committee and eliminated the Subcommittee on Deficiencies and 

Supplementals, leaving the Committee with 13 subcommittees. 

In 2003 (108th Congress), in response to the enactment by 

Congress of legislation in 2002 creating a new Department of 

Homeland Security, the Committee created a Subcommittee on 

Homeland Security whose jurisdiction mirrored that of the new 

department. Portions of departments, agencies, bureaus and accounts that had been previously funded in eight subcommittees 

were moved to the jurisdiction of the new subcommittee. Activities previously funded in the Transportation and Related Agencies 

subcommittee and the Treasury, General Government subcommittee but not moved to the Homeland Security subcommittee, were considered by in a new Transportation, Treasury 

and General Government subcommittee. After restructuring, the 

Committee continued to have 13 subcommittees. 

In 2005 (109th Congress), the Senate Appropriations Committee adopted a major reorganization, eliminating the Subcommittee on Veterans Affairs, Housing and Urban Development, 

and Independent Agencies and making the following major 

changes: 

—jurisdiction of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Science Foundation, and the 
22 

Office of Science and Technology Policy transferred to the 

former Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State, and the 

Judiciary; 

—jurisdiction of Veterans Affairs transferred to the former Subcommittee on Military Construction; 

—jurisdiction of the Department of Housing and Urban Development transferred to the former Subcommittee on Transportation, Treasury and General Government; 

—jurisdiction of the Judicial Branch transferred from the former 

Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judiciary 

to the former Subcommittee on Transportation, Treasury and 

General Government; 

—jurisdiction of the Environmental Protection Agency transferred to the Subcommittee on Interior and Related Agencies; 

—jurisdiction of energy-related accounts formerly exercised by 

the Subcommittee on Interior and Related Agencies transferred to the Subcommittee on Energy and Water; and 

—jurisdiction of the State Department and related agencies 

transferred to the former Subcommittee on Foreign Operations. 

The present subcommittee structure is as follows: 

Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies 

Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies 

Defense 

District of Columbia 

Energy and Water, and Related Agencies 

Homeland Security 

Interior and Related Agencies 

Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related 

Agencies 

Legislative Branch 

Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related 

Agencies 

State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs 

Transportation, Treasury, the Judiciary, Housing and Urban 

Development, and Related Agencies 

CONCLUSION 

Article I, Section 9 of the Constitution of the United Sates 

reads: ‘‘No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by law.’’ In this 16-word clause, 

the Constitution explicitly vests Congress with the power of the 

purse, the national power over the raising and expenditures of 

Government funds. 
23 

In Federalist 58, James Madison, the Father of our Constitution, 

wrote that the ‘‘power over the purse may be regarded as the most 

complete and effectual weapon with which any constitution can 

arm the immediate representatives of the people, for obtaining a 

redress of every grievance, and for carrying into effect every just 

and salutary measure.’’ 

In Federalist 78, Alexander Hamilton, the foremost proponent of 

executive power at the Constitutional Convention, wrote: ‘‘The 

legislature not only commands the purse but prescribes the rules 

by which the duties and rights of every citizen are to be regulated.’’ 

After winning the Revolution, our Founding Fathers built a system of Government to inhibit tyranny. They did so by devising 

a form of Government that separated the three branches of Government, the executive, legislative, and the judicial, because, as 

Madison pointed out in Federalist 47, tyranny results whenever the 

three branches of Government are concentrated in the same hands. 

Then, in Federalist 51, he noted that the key to avoiding a concentration of power in a single branch was ‘‘in giving to those who 

administer each department the necessary constitutional means and 

personal motives to resist encroachments of the others.’’ 

In giving the legislature the power of the purse, our Founding 

Fathers were fully aware of the long struggles over money between 

Parliament and Crown in England. In Federalist 58, Madison wrote 

that the power of the purse was ‘‘the powerful instrument by 

which we behold, in the history of the British constitution, an infant and humble representation of the people gradually enlarging 

the sphere of its activity and importance.’’ 

Through appropriations of Federal money, Congress not merely 

sets aside particular amounts of money; it defines the character, extent, and scope of authorized activities. With the power to appropriate funds, Congress can define and limit Presidential power. In 

domestic as well as in foreign affairs, it can withhold all or part 

of an appropriation and may attach riders to appropriations measures to proscribe certain actions. The Founders knew that by making the President the Commander in Chief, they were giving him 

awesome powers that could be abused. For this reason, George 

Mason warned the Philadelphia Convention in 1787, that ‘‘the 

purse and the sword ought never to get into the same hands.’’ For 

this reason, the sword was placed in the hands of the executive, 

while the purse was placed in the hands of Congress, the representative of the people. 

Congress is the people’s branch of Government, and it is Congress that will best preserve the American republic. If Congress is 

to ensure that we will never have a strong, unchecked executive 
24 

with the capacity to abuse power and endanger individual freedoms, and if Congress is to continue as a coequal branch of Government, a healthy, vigorous system of checks and balances is essential. If Congress is to remain a strong, independent, vigorous 

and aggressive branch, ready, willing, and capable of retaining 

close control over executive agencies and the President, it must retain control of the purse strings. 
25 

The Budget Cycle 

From the time of the conception of the budgets of the individual departments and agencies to the signing of the appropriation bills into law requires about 18 months. The process involves 

a large number of individuals and organizations, a great many decisions, and numerous procedures. 

The first steps are taken in the executive branch by the various 

departments and agencies. In the spring, program offices in executive agencies begin compiling material necessary for the budget 

submission that will culminate in the President’s budget request 

to Congress the following February. [So, for example, for the fiscal 

year 2006 budget request that was submitted in February 2005, 

agencies began the process in the spring of 2004.] Budget formulation officially begins in March or April when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), as the overseer of budget development for the President, issues its spring guidance outlining the administration’s program priorities and overall funding levels. Departments in turn issue guidelines to subordinate agencies; these 

guidelines are consistent with the administration’s policy positions 

and provide instructions on the departmental budget decisionmaking process. Typically a department’s budget is built from the 

bottom up. At each stage, agency and department budget staff review requests and make recommendations to senior managers who 

are responsible for policy and funding decisions. 

The Government Performance and Results Act requires that 

OMB have agencies prepare annual performance plans along with 

their budget requests. These annual performance plans set out performance goals for the fiscal year, a description of operational processes, and the measures used to show progress towards meeting 

planned objectives. Like agency budget requests, agency performance plans are submitted to OMB for review in early fall. 

As agencies engage in their internal decision making process 

during the late spring and summer, OMB prepares for the next 

stage of budget formulation with the submission of department 

budgets for OMB’s review. Although the specifics vary, this typically consists of three principal activities: (1) development of position papers by OMB staff on issues that are likely to be raised in 

OMB’s fall reviews, such as administration program priorities, initiatives, or agency management, (2) preparation of the Mid-Session 
26 

Review, which provides an update to the budget request pending 

before Congress and informs OMB’s review of the departments’ 

submissions in September, and (3) issuance of further guidance on 

the content, format, and deadlines for department budget submissions. From September through most of November, OMB conducts 

budget reviews—which can include department or agency hearings 

and requests for further information—that culminate in Director’s 

Reviews. Director’s Reviews are internal OMB sessions in which 

final decisions are usually made on what the President will request 

for departments and agencies. Departments are informed in late 

November of the outcome of these sessions and have a brief period 

to appeal. Once decisions are final, the departments and agencies 

conform their budget submissions accordingly. From December on, 

OMB and the agencies prepare the President’s budget, which by 

law must be submitted to Congress between the first Monday in 

January and the first Monday in February. In recent years, the 

President’s budget has been submitted on the first Monday in February. This marks the end of the executive branch budget formulation process in the budget cycle. 

Meanwhile, the congressional budget process begins in January 

with the Congressional Budget Office’s [CBO] report on The 

Budget and Economic Outlook. Currently this outlook covers 10 

years. Shortly after the submission of the President’s budget, the 

House and Senate Budget Committees begin the process of preparing a congressional budget resolution. This is a concurrent resolution containing the Congress’ views on the appropriate level of 

spending and revenues—i.e. the appropriate fiscal position of the 

Government—and of broad funding priorities. The resolution allocates budgetary resources by budget function—such as national defense or transportation or education and training, et cetera. The 

reports accompanying the resolution (including the conference report) also identify allocations by committee, including the House 

and Senate Appropriations Committees. The Appropriations Committees then subdivide these resources among their 12 subcommittees to fund Federal Government operations and other activities 

under the Committees’ jurisdiction. Agencies are required to submit to the relevant Appropriations subcommittees budget justifications consistent with the Presidents budget, but at a level of detail 

that meets the Appropriation subcommittee’s needs. 

The Senate and House Appropriations subcommittees set up 

schedules for the hearing of departmental and agency officials, usually starting with the secretary of the department, with the subordinate heads of the agency following. All administration statements are submitted to OMB for clearance before being sent to 

the subcommittees; these statements, and the justifications of esti-
27 

mates, are examined by members and staff. The testimony, which 

is transcribed by an official reporter, is subsequently released by 

the committee. The House and Senate Appropriations hearings 

often occur during the same time frame. 

Hearings before the Senate Appropriations subcommittees are 

usually held in open session with the public invited. Under the 

normal practice, only matters involving national security are heard 

in executive session and, even then, an attempt is made to keep 

the public informed by releasing at the time of the hearing unclassified versions of the classified statements made by officials, and 

publishing at a later date ‘‘cleared’’ versions of the testimony. Because much of the committee’s work involves information available 

only to the executive agencies, the preponderance of testimony is 

provided by officials of these agencies. However, representatives of 

other groups and informed individuals may appear before the committee, and their testimony is given due weight. 

In the 109th Congress, each of the 28 members of the Senate 

Committee on Appropriations is assigned to from five to up to 

seven subcommittees, although, in the past, members have sometimes been assigned to as many as eight subcommittees. Membership on the subcommittees currently ranges from 5 to 19 regular 

members. Hearings on appropriations bills ranges from a minimum of a few days to a normal maximum of several weeks, although they may extend over a period of months, depending on 

the magnitude of the submission and the importance attached to 

the presentation. For many years the committee has usually made 

it a practice to review the budget requests in their entirety, as distinguished from considering only appeals from previous House action. 

The members of the subcommittees are experts in the areas over 

which they exercise authority. Their long tenure on the subcommittees, the interests of their States, their own national interests, and frequently their membership on related legislative committees provide them with a rich background of knowledge and 

experience, thus enabling them to deal skillfully with a wide variety of unique and recurring problems of National, State, or local 

import. This exacting and time-consuming work carried on by the 

members is in addition to their work on other committees, the necessity for their frequent floor appearances on other legislative 

matters, and the work they must accomplish in their own offices 

in connection with the requests and interests of their constituents. 

After the hearings, an appropriation bill is ‘‘marked up’’ by the 

subcommittee. That is, the subcommittee members make decisions 

about the levels of budget authority to be given to the entities 

under the subcommittee’s jurisdiction. They also make any deci-
28 

sions about any restrictions or flexibilities they wish to provide regarding the use of appropriated funds. It is at this session that the 

members of the subcommittee decide the amounts to be provided 

in the bill for each segment of the particular executive agency 

under consideration. Subcommittee meetings, including mark-up 

sessions, are open to the general public, except when the subcommittee, in open session by majority vote, decides to close a 

meeting because discussions will involve national security, law enforcement agents or information, or other confidential or sensitive 

information. 

‘‘Committee prints’’ of the bill and report are developed by the 

staff under the supervision of the subcommittee. These are then 

submitted to the full committee. At these executive sessions, the 

burden of proof no longer rests on the witnesses but upon the 

chairman of the subcommittee, the ranking minority member, and 

the other Senators on the subcommittee, who work together in the 

formulation of the policy of the subcommittee. This is normally 

accomplished in 1 day, although on occasion more time is required. Once the full committee has agreed to the items and 

amounts to be contained in the bill and report, the bill and report 

are transmitted to the parent body, House or Senate, as the case 

may be. The bill and report then are made available to all interested parties. 

Historically, it has been the custom for appropriation bills to 

be considered first in the House of Representatives, although there 

is no statutory or constitutional requirement for this procedure. 

Debate on the bills may be limited to a few hours or may last 

several days. If the House acts first, its bill is messaged over to 

the Senate, where it is referred to the Senate Committee on Appropriations. There it is studied by the subcommittee charged with 

the responsibility for the bill, and there, as previously described, 

the subcommittee takes such action and makes such changes as are 

deemed advisable. Action by the subcommittee, the full committee, and the full Senate is roughly comparable to consideration 

in the House with one major procedural exception. It has become 

the custom in the House for the Rules Committee to provide a 

special rule for the consideration of appropriations bills which may 

place limits on amendments to be considered on the House floor. 

Once both the House and the Senate have passed an appropriations bill, the two Houses must work out their differences. This 

is accomplished in a conference committee. Only such items as are 

in disagreement between the two Houses are considered to be in 

the scope of the conference. In recent years, the chairmanship of 

the conference has alternated between the two Houses. 
29 

Conferees are appointed from the membership of the committee. 

The conference may be concluded in one session, but frequently 

several meetings are required before full agreement on all differences is reached. There is no rule as to the number of conferees. 

There have been generally between seven and nine conferees representing the Senate on appropriations bills, although in earlier 

years the number was typically smaller. Since action in conferences 

is decided on a unit basis, with one vote for each House, the number of conferees has no weight in the determination. 

After full agreement has been reached in conference, the results 

are presented to the House of Representatives. Once agreed upon 

there, the measure is sent to the Senate. Approval by both Houses 

on the conference agreements concludes congressional action on the 

bill. 

The bill is then messaged to the President for his approval. 

Once the President signs the bill, it becomes a public law. 

The third phase of the budget cycle, known as budget execution, begins once an appropriation act becomes law. Before funds 

provided in statutes are available to agencies for obligation, they 

must be apportioned by OMB. The apportionment process is a 

way of ensuring that agencies do not obligate funds in excess of 

levels provided in law. Apportionments control the rate at which 

budget authority is made available either by time period, by program or by activity. Typically, agency funding is appropriated by 

quarter—although not necessarily evenly divided—so that an 

agency can obligate only up to the amount available in the first 

quarter. At the beginning of the second quarter, additional budget 

authority becomes available as well as any amounts in the first 

quarter that were not obligated, and so on for the third and fourth 

quarters. OMB is responsible for reviewing and approving apportionment requests and making funds available to departments and 

agencies. Agencies are required to set up internal control systems 

that establish accountability for funds as they are allocated to subordinate entities and to periodically monitor obligations to ensure 

that they are made for authorized purposes and recorded properly. 

Occasionally, spending adjustments may be needed during the 

year; however they often require additional reporting and approval 

by OMB or the Congress. Spending adjustments after enactment 

of an appropriation may be made in several ways: First, while an 

agency may not transfer funds between two accounts unless specifically authorized by law (31 U.S.C. § 1532), heads of departments 

or agencies are sometimes given authority in the appropriations act 

to transfer amounts at their discretion, usually up to a certain percentage, or subject to other limitations or restrictions. Second, 

agencies have inherent authority to reprogram funds from one pur-
30 

pose to another within the same appropriation account; however, 

reprogrammings above an established threshold usually require 15 

days notification to the cognizant appropriations subcommittees. 

Third, departments may impound funds, that is, withhold funds 

from obligation. Impoundments include both deferrals—the temporary withdrawal of budget authority within a fiscal year—and 

rescissions—a permanent cancellation of budget authority. The Impoundment Control Act requires that all executive branch impoundments be reported to Congress in a special message from the 

President. Deferrals are effective when proposed and, generally 

speaking, the President may continue to withhold funds throughout the fiscal year unless Congress passes legislation disapproving 

the deferral. A deferral may not extend beyond the end of the fiscal year of fund availability. If the funds are multi-year, the deferral can be reproposed in the next fiscal year. Funds proposed for 

rescission may be withheld for 45 days of continuous congressional 

session. If Congress has not approved the rescission during this 45- 

day period, the President must release the funds. The General Accounting Office is responsible for overseeing the President’s compliance with the Impoundment Control Act and is also responsible 

for monitoring the status of impounded funds. 

Finally, a department may request supplemental funding, which 

must be approved by OMB before submitting the request to Congress for its consideration. For the most part, departments and 

agencies are expected to manage their funds within available resources with only limited monitoring by OMB and Congress during this phase of the budget process. 
31 

Chairmen of the Senate Committee on 

Appropriations 

Name State Service as Chairman 

Lot M. Morrill (R) .................. Maine ...................... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 4, 1869. 

William Pitt Fessenden (R) .... Maine ...................... Mar. 4, 1869–Sep. 9, 1869.1

Lot M. Morrill (R) .................. Maine ...................... Dec. 8, 1869–Mar. 4, 1871. 

Cornelius Cole (R) .................. California ................. Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 4, 1873. 

Lot M. Morrill (R) .................. Maine ...................... Mar. 12, 1873–July 7, 1876.2

William Windom (R) ............ Minnesota ................ Dec. 6, 1876–Mar. 4, 1879. 

Henry G. Davis (D) ................ West Virginia .......... Mar. 19, 1879–Mar. 4, 1881. 

William B. Allison (R) ........... Iowa ......................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 4, 1893. 

Francis M. Cockrell (D) .......... Missouri ................... Mar. 15, 1893–Dec. 31, 1895. 

William B. Allison (R) ........... Iowa ......................... Jan. 1, 1896–Aug. 4, 1908.2

Eugene Hale (R) ..................... Maine ...................... Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1911. 

Francis E. Warren (R) ............ Wyoming ................ Apr. 28, 1911–Mar. 15, 1913. 

Thomas S. Martin (D) ............ Virginia ................... Mar. 15, 1913–May 27, 1919. 

Francis E. Warren (R) ............ Wyoming ................ May 28, 1919–Nov. 24, 1929.1

Wesley L. Jones (R) ................ Washington ............. Jan. 11, 1930–Nov. 30, 1932.1

Frederick Hale (R) .................. Maine ...................... Dec. 8, 1932–Mar. 8, 1933. 

Carter Glass (D) ...................... Virginia ................... Mar. 9, 1933–May 28, 1946.1

Kenneth McKellar (D) ............ Tennessee ................. May 31, 1946–Jan. 6, 1947. 

Styles Bridges (R) ................... New Hampshire ...... Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 10, 1949. 

Kenneth McKellar (D) ............ Tennessee ................. Jan. 10, 1949–Jan. 3, 1953. 

Styles Bridges (R) ................... New Hampshire ...... Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 11, 1955. 

Carl Hayden (D) ..................... Arizona .................... Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 3, 1969. 

Richard B. Russell (D) ........... Georgia .................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 21, 1971.1

Allen J. Ellender (D) .............. Louisiana .................. Jan. 28, 1971–July 27, 1972.1

John L. McClellan (D) ............ Arkansas .................. Aug. 2, 1972–Nov. 28, 1977.1

Warren G. Magnuson (D) ...... Washington ............. Jan. 27, 1978–Jan. 3, 1981. 

Mark O. Hatfield (R) ............. Oregon .................... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 6, 1987. 

John C. Stennis (D) ................ Mississippi ............... Jan. 6, 1987–Jan. 3, 1989. 

Robert C. Byrd (D) ................ West Virginia .......... Jan. 19, 1989–Jan. 4, 1995. 

Mark O. Hatfield (R) ............. Oregon .................... Jan. 4, 1995–Jan. 7, 1997. 

Ted Stevens (R) ...................... Alaska ...................... Jan. 7, 1997–Jan. 3, 2001.3

Robert C. Byrd (D) ................ West Virginia .......... Jan. 3, 2001–Jan. 20, 2001.3
32 

Name State Service as Chairman 

Ted Stevens (R) ...................... Alaska ...................... Jan. 20, 2001–June 6, 2001. 

Robert C. Byrd (D) ................ West Virginia .......... June 6, 2001–Jan. 15, 2003. 

Ted Stevens (R) ...................... Alaska ...................... Jan. 15, 2003–Jan. 6, 2005. 

Thad Cochran (R) ................... Mississippi ............... Jan. 6, 2005– 

1 Died in office. 

2Resigned from Senate. 

3At the beginning of the 107th Congress, in January 2001, the Senate was evenly divided. With 

a Democratic President and Vice President still serving until January 20, the Democratic Vice President was available to break a tie, and the Democrats thus controlled the Senate for 17 days, from 

January 3 to January 20. On January 3, the Senate adopted S. Res. 7 designating Democratic Senators as committee chairmen to serve during this period and Republican chairmen to serve effective 

at noon on January 20, 2001. 

34 

LOT M. MORRILL 

of Maine 
35 

Biographies of Committee Chairmen 

LOT M. MORRILL 

The first chairman of the Senate Committee on Appropriations, 

Lot M. Morrill, was the first of only two chairmen to serve three 

times in that position and the only one who, after retiring from 

the Senate, returned to fill the post. 

Born in Belgrade, ME in 1813, Morrill attended Waterville 

(now Colby) College, studied law, and moved to Augusta in 1841. 

He became Governor in 1858 after serving in the State senate and 

was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate in 1860 to fill a 

vacancy. On March 7, 1867, he was appointed chairman of the 

Appropriations Committee and served until March 3, 1869, when 

he left the Senate to resume his law practice. That fall, after the 

death of William Pitt Fessenden of Maine, the second chairman 

of the Appropriations Committee, Morrill was appointed to the 

Senate to fill the vacancy. Once again, he was appointed to the 

committee and again was made chairman—contrary to the present 

practice under which seniority on the committee determines the 

chairmanship. He held the post from December 8, 1869, to March 

4, 1871, when he left the committee but not the Senate. Morrill 

returned to the committee on December 6, 1872, and once more 

became chairman on March 12, 1873, after Cornelius Cole, the 

third chairman, retired. He remained in the position until July 7, 

1876, when he resigned to become Secretary of the Treasury. From 

1877 until his death in 1883, Morrill served as collector of customs in Portland, ME. 

His brother, Abson P. Morrill, also from Maine, was a member 

of the U.S. House of Representatives. 

For further reading: Malone, Dumas, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 

1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 13. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 15. 
36 

WILLIAM PITT FESSENDEN 

of Maine 
37 

WILLIAM PITT FESSENDEN 

William Pitt Fessenden, a Republican of Maine, succeeded Lot 

Morrill as chairman, although he had not previously served on the 

committee. He occupied that position only from March 16, 1869, 

until he died on September 9, 1869. 

Born in Boscawen, NH, in 1806, Fessenden graduated from 

Bowdoin College in 1827, then studied law and practiced in various cities in Maine. After serving in the State house of representatives, he was elected to Congress as a Whig in 1841. Declining 

to become a candidate for reelection, he returned to the State 

house of representatives for several years before being elected as a 

Whig to the U.S. Senate, where he served from 1854 to 1864. He 

then resigned to become Secretary of the Treasury in the Cabinet 

of President Lincoln. In 1865 he was again elected to the Senate, 

this time as a Republican, and remained there until his death. He 

had the unusual distinction of serving in the Senate at the same 

time that his two brothers, also from Maine, were Members of the 

House of Representatives. 

For further reading: Jellison, Charles. Fessenden of Maine: Civil War Senator. 

Syracuse, NY, 1962. 

Johnson, Allen, and Dumas Malone, eds. Dictionary of American Biography. 

1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 6. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 7. 
38 

CORNELIUS COLE 

of California 
39 

CORNELIUS COLE 

Cornelius Cole, a Republican from California who had served on 

the committee for 4 years, became chairman on March 10, 1871, 

holding the position until his retirement from the Senate 2 years 

later. 

Born at Lodi, NY, in 1822, Cole attended Hobart College, and 

graduated from Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, in 1847. 

After studying and practicing law in Cayuga County, he went to 

California in 1849. There he worked a year in the gold mines, 

practiced law in San Francisco, and later moved to Sacramento and 

Santa Cruz. During the Civil War, he rose to the rank of captain 

in the Union Army. He was elected as a Union Republican to 

Congress in 1863 and to the Senate as a Republican 4 years later, 

serving from 1867 to 1873, when he retired and returned to California to practice law. He died in Hollywood in 1924. 

For further reading: Cole, Cornelius. Senator Cornelius Cole and the Beginning 

of Hollywood. Los Angeles, 1980. 
40 

WILLIAM WINDOM 

of Minnesota 
41 

WILLIAM WINDOM 

William Windom, a Republican of Minnesota, who served on 

the committee for the decade from 1871 to 1881, became chairman on December 6, 1876, and occupied the position until March 

4, 1879. 

Born in Belmont County, OH, in 1827, Windom was educated 

there. As a young lawyer, he moved to Winona, MN, in 1855. 

Four years later, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, where he served until 1869, when he was appointed to fill 

a Senate vacancy. Elected to the Senate in 1871, he served until 

March 4, 1881, then resigned to become Secretary of the Treasury 

under President James A. Garfield. After Garfield’s death later 

that year, he again ran successfully for the Senate to fill the vacancy caused by his own resignation and served out his term until 

1883, when he failed to be reelected. He then moved to New 

York City. In 1889, President Benjamin Harrison appointed 

Windom Secretary of the Treasury, and he remained in that post 

until his death in 1891. 

For further reading: Malone, Dumas, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 

1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 20. 

Salisbury, Robert S. William Windom, Apostle of Positive Government. Lanham, 

MD, 1993. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 23. 
42 

HENRY GASSAWAY DAVIS 

of West Virginia 
43 

HENRY GASSAWAY DAVIS 

Henry Gassaway Davis, a Democrat of West Virginia, became 

chairman on March 19, 1879, and served in that position until 

March 4, 1881. The first Democratic chairman of Appropriations, 

he remained on the committee from 1873 until his retirement in 

1883. 

Born in Woodstock, MD, in 1823, Davis worked successively 

as a farmer, railroader, and businessman, then became a banker, 

railroad builder, and mining executive in West Virginia. After 

terms in the West Virginia Legislature as delegate and senator, he 

was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1871, serving until 1883, when 

he declined to be a candidate for reelection. He then resumed his 

banking and railroad career. In 1904 he ran for Vice President on 

the unsuccessful Democratic ticket headed by Alton B. Parker. He 

died in 1916. Davis was the father-in-law of Stephen B. Elkins, 

a Senator from West Virginia; the grandfather of Davis Elkins, 

also a Senator from West Virginia; and the brother of Thomas 

Davis, a Representative from West Virginia. 

For further reading: Johnson, Allen, and Dumas Malone, eds. Dictionary of 

American Biography. 1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 5. 

Ross, Thomas Richard. Henry Gassaway Davis: An Old-Fashioned Biography. 

Parsons, WV, 1994. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 6. 
44 

WILLIAM B. ALLISON 

of Iowa 
45 

WILLIAM B. ALLISON 

William B. Allison, a Republican of Iowa, was chairman of the 

committee twice, from March 18, 1881, until March 4, 1893, and 

again from January 1, 1896, until his death on August 4, 1908. 

This combined record of more than 24 years exceeds that of any 

other Senate committee chairman. Allison served on the committee 

for all of his 35 years in the Senate. 

Born in Perry Township, Wayne (now Ashland) County, OH, 

in 1829, Allison attended Allegheny College, Meadville, PA, and 

graduated from Western Reserve College at Hudson (now Cleveland), OH. Admitted to the bar in 1852, he practiced law in Iowa 

until 1861, when he accepted a commission as lieutenant colonel 

in the Union Army. In 1863 he was elected to the House of Representatives, declining to run again after serving four terms. After 

practicing law in Dubuque for a short period, he was elected to 

the Senate in 1872, serving from March 4, 1873, until his death 

in 1908. 

For further reading: Johnson, Allen, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 

1935. Reprint. New York: 1946. Vol. 1. 

Sage, Leland. William Boyd Allison: A Study in Practical Politics. Iowa City, 

IA, 1956. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 1. 
46 

FRANCIS MARION COCKRELL 

of Missouri 
47 

FRANCIS MARION COCKRELL 

Francis Marion Cockrell, a Democrat from Missouri, became 

chairman on March 15, 1893, and served until December 31, 

1895. He remained on the committee for 24 years, from 1881 to 

1905. 

Born in Johnson County, MO, in 1834, Cockrell graduated 

from Chapel Hill College in Lafayette County, MO, in 1853, then 

studied and practiced law until he volunteered for the Confederate 

Army. Rising to the rank of brigadier general, Cockrell was captured at Fort Blakeley, AL, and after being paroled in 1865, returned to the practice of law. He served 30 years in the U.S. Senate, from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1905. A member of the 

Interstate Commerce Commission from 1905 to 1910, Cockrell, in 

1911, became a U.S. commissioner to reestablish the boundary line 

between Texas and New Mexico. He died in 1915. 

For further reading: Johnson, Allen, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 

1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 4. 

Cockrell, Francis. The Senator from Missouri: The Life and Times of Francis Marion Cockrell. New York, 1962. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 5. 
48 

EUGENE HALE 

of Maine 
49 

EUGENE HALE 

Eugene Hale, a Republican of Maine, became chairman on 

March 22, 1909, and served until March 4, 1911. He remained 

on the committee for all of his 30 years in the Senate, from 1881 

to 1911. 

Born in Turner, ME, in 1836, Hale was admitted to the bar 

in 1857. After three terms in the State house of representatives, 

he won election to the U.S. House of Representatives, where he 

served from 1869 to 1879. Defeated for a sixth House term, Hale 

ran successfully for the U.S. Senate in 1880 and served from 

March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1911. After retiring from the Senate, 

he became a member of the National Monetary Commission. He 

died in 1918. Eugene Hale was the father of Frederick Hale, also 

a Senator from Maine and chairman of the committee. 

For further reading: Johnson, Allen, and Dumas Malone, eds. Dictionary of 

American Biography. 1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 8. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 9. 
50 

FRANCIS E. WARREN 

of Wyoming 
51 

FRANCIS E. WARREN 

Francis E. Warren, a Republican of Wyoming, served twice as 

chairman, from April 28, 1911, to March 15, 1913, and again 

from May 28, 1919, until his death on November 24, 1929. He 

remained a committee member for 30 years, from 1899 to 1929. 

Born in Hinsdale, MA, in 1844, Warren, who enlisted as a private in the Civil War, won the Congressional Medal of Honor for 

gallantry on the battlefield at the siege of Port Hudson. He is the 

only recipient of that award to serve as chairman of the committee. 

Warren moved to Wyoming (then a part of the Territory of Dakota) in 1868, where he engaged in various business enterprises 

in Cheyenne. From 1873 to 1890, he held a number of elective 

and appointive positions, including membership in the Territorial 

senate, of which he became president. Twice appointed Governor 

of the Territory of Wyoming, Warren was elected in 1890 as the 

new State’s first Governor. He resigned that same year after being 

elected to the U.S. Senate, where he served until 1893. He again 

won election to the Senate in 1895 and served until his death 34 

years later. Funeral services were held for Warren in the Senate 

chamber. 

For further reading: Malone, Dumas, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 

1935. Reprint. New York, 1946. Vol. 19. 

Schulp, Leonard. ‘‘A Taft Republican: Senator Francis E. Warren and National Politics.’’ Annals of Wyoming 54 (Fall 1982). 
52 

THOMAS S. MARTIN 

of Virginia 
53 

THOMAS S. MARTIN 

Thomas S. Martin, a Democrat from Virginia, became chairman 

on March 15, 1913, and held the position until May 27, 1919. 

He was a committee member from 1910 to 1919. 

Born in Scottsville, VA, in 1847, Martin attended the Virginia 

Military Institute at Lexington and the University of Virginia. 

While he was enrolled in the Virginia Military Institute, he served 

the Confederacy with a battalion of cadets. Admitted to the bar 

in 1869, Martin practiced law until his election to the U.S. Senate 

in 1893, where he remained until his death on November 12, 

1919. Before becoming chairman of the Appropriations Committee, Martin served as chairman of the Committee on Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia and the Committee 

on Public Health and National Quarantine. He chaired the Democratic Caucus, 1911–13 and 1917–19. 

For further reading: Holt, Wythe W., Jr. ‘‘The Senator from Virginia and 

the Democratic Floor Leadership: Thomas S. Martin and Conservatism in the 

Progressive Era.’’ Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 83 (January 1975). 

Malone, Dumas, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 1935. Reprint. New 

York, 1946. Vol. 12. 
54 

WESLEY L. JONES 

of Washington 
55 

WESLEY L. JONES 

Wesley L. Jones, a Republican from Washington, became chairman on January 11, 1930, serving in the post until he died on 

November 19, 1932. He was a committee member for 19 years, 

until 1932. 

Born in Bethany, IL, in 1863, Jones taught school, and graduated from Southern Illinois College in 1885. Admitted to the bar 

the following year, Jones moved to North Yakima, WA, in 1889, 

where he continued the practice of law. After spending a decade 

in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1899 to 1909, Jones 

won election to the U.S. Senate in 1908. 

For further reading: Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New York, 1999. Vol. 12. 
56 

FREDERICK HALE 

of Maine 
57 

FREDERICK HALE 

Frederick Hale, a Republican of Maine, served as chairman from 

December 8, 1932, to March 8, 1933, and remained on the committee for nearly 22 years, from May 1919 to January 1941. 

Born in Detroit, MI, in 1874, Hale graduated from Harvard 

University, and attended Columbia Law School. He began the 

practice of law in Portland, ME, in 1899, and served briefly in 

the State house of representatives. Elected to the U.S. Senate in 

1916, he served for more than 23 years, from March 4, 1917, to 

January 2, 1941, when he retired. Hale and his father, Eugene 

Hale, were the only father-son pair to both chair the Senate Committee on Appropriations. Hale was also the fourth Maine Senator 

to serve as chairman of the committee, no other State having produced more than two chairmen. 

For further reading: Garraty, John A. Dictionary of American Biography. Supplement 7. New York, 1981. 
58 

CARTER GLASS 

of Virginia 
59 

CARTER GLASS 

Carter Glass, a Democrat of Virginia, became chairman on 

March 9, 1933, and served for 13 years until he died on May 28, 

1946. He was a member of the committee for 26 years, from 1920 

until his death. 

Born in Lynchburg, VA, in 1858, Glass attended public and 

private schools, then went to work in a printing office, rising to 

become editor and owner of two newspapers. Glass served in the 

State senate from 1899 to 1903 before winning election to the 

U.S. House of Representatives, where he remained from 1902 to 

1918. He then resigned to become Secretary of the Treasury, serving until 1920, when he was appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill 

a vacancy. Glass spent the rest of his life in the Senate. Before 

chairing the Appropriations Committee, Glass served as chairman 

of the Committee on Expenditures in the Interior Department. 

During the 77th and 78th Congresses, Glass also served as Senate 

President pro tempore. 

For further reading: Garraty, John A. and Edward T. James, eds. Dictionary 

of American Biography. Supplement 4, 1974. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 9. 
60 

KENNETH D. McKELLAR 

of Tennessee 
61 

KENNETH D. McKELLAR 

Kenneth D. McKellar, a Democrat from Tennessee, served twice 

as chairman, from May 31, 1946, to January 6, 1947, and again 

from January 10, 1949, to January 3, 1953. He was a committee 

member for almost 30 years, from December 1923 to January 

1953. 

Born in Richmond, AL, in 1869, McKeller graduated from the 

University of Alabama in 1891. Receiving a law degree the following year, he moved to Memphis, TN, and commenced the 

practice of law. Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, he 

served there from 1911 to 1917, when he was elected to the U.S. 

Senate. He remained in the Senate for 36 years, from 1917 to 

1953. Before chairing the Appropriations Committee, McKellar 

served as chairman of the Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment and the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. 

During the 79th, 81st, and 82d Congresses, McKellar served as 

Senate President pro tempore. He died in 1957. 

For further reading: Garraty, John A. Dictionary of American Biography. Supplement 6. New York, 1980. 
62 

STYLES BRIDGES 

of New Hampshire 
63 

STYLES BRIDGES 

Styles Bridges, a Republican of New Hampshire, served as 

chairman of the committee on two different occasions, first from 

January 6, 1947, to January 10, 1949, and again from January 13, 

1953, to January 11, 1955. He was a committee member for his 

entire 24 years in the Senate, from 1937 until he died on November 26, 1961. 

Born in West Pembroke, ME, in 1898, Bridges graduated from 

the University of Maine in 1918. After a career as teacher, editor, 

and banker, he became Governor of New Hampshire in 1934. He 

was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1936 and, in the course of his 

Senate service, Bridges also chaired the Joint Committee on Foreign Economic Cooperation, the Joint Committee on Inaugural Arrangements, and the Republican Policy Committee. During the 

83d Congress, Bridges was Senate President pro tempore. 

For further reading: Garraty, John A., ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 

Supplement 7. New York, 1981. 

Kiepper, James. Styles Bridges: Yankee Senator. Sugar Hill, NH, 2001. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 3. 
64 

CARL HAYDEN 

of Arizona 
65 

CARL T. HAYDEN 

Carl T. Hayden, Democrat of Arizona, was chairman of the 

committee for 14 years, from January 11, 1955, until January 3, 

1969. He became a committee member on December 13, 1927, 

and remained on the committee during all of his almost 42 years 

in the Senate. 

Born at Hayden’s Ferry (now Tempe), AZ, in 1877, Hayden 

graduated from the Normal School of Arizona in 1896 and from 

Stanford University in 1900. After engaging in the flour-milling 

business, he was elected treasurer of Maricopa County in 1904 and 

became sheriff in 1907. With Arizona’s admission as a State in 

1912, Hayden won election to the U.S. House of Representatives, 

serving until 1927. In 1926 he was elected to the U.S. Senate, 

where he remained until January 3, 1969. In the course of his Senate service, Hayden also chaired a number of other committees, including the Committee on Rules and Administration, the Joint 

Committee on Printing, and the Joint Committee on Inaugural 

Arrangements. During every Congress from the 85th through the 

90th, Hayden served as President pro tempore of the Senate. His 

combined service of nearly 57 years in both the House and Senate 

is the longest congressional service in history. Hayden died in 

1972. 

For further reading: Jackson, Kenneth T., Karen E. Markoe and Arnold 

Markoe, eds. Dictionary of American Biography. Supplement 9. New York, 1994. 

Rice, Ross R. Carl Hayden: Builder of the American West. Lanham, MD, 1994. 

August, Jack. Vision in the Desert. Fort Worth, TX, 1999. 
66 

RICHARD B. RUSSELL 

of Georgia 
67 

RICHARD B. RUSSELL 

A Democrat from Georgia, Richard B. Russell was elected 

chairman of the committee on January 14, 1969, and served in the 

post until he died on January 21, 1971. He was a member of the 

Appropriations Committee for all of his 38 years in the Senate. 

Born in Winder, Barrow County, GA, on November 2, 1897, 

Russell attended the public schools of Georgia and graduated from 

the Seventh District Agricultural and Mechanical School, Powder 

Springs, GA, in 1914; from Gordon Institute, Barnesville, GA, in 

1915; and from the law department of the University of Georgia 

at Athens in 1918. Russell then practiced law, served for 10 years 

in the State house of representatives, and won election as Governor. On January 12, 1933, he was elected to the U.S. Senate to 

fill a vacancy and served until his death. During the 91st and 92d 

Congresses, he served as President pro tempore of the Senate. Russell chaired the Senate Armed Services Committee for 16 years 

from 1951 to 1969, except for the period 1953–55. He gave up 

that position to take the Appropriations chairmanship. 

For further reading: Fite, Gilbert C. Richard B. Russell, Jr., Senator from Georgia. Chapel Hill, NC, 1991. 

Goldsmith, John A. Colleagues: Richard B. Russell and His Apprentice, Lyndon 

B. Johnson. Washington, DC, 1993. 
68 

ALLEN J. ELLENDER 

of Louisiana 
69 

ALLEN J. ELLENDER 

Allen J. Ellender, a Democrat from Louisiana, became chairman 

of the committee on January 28, 1971, and served until he died 

on July 27, 1972. He was a committee member for 23 years, from 

1949 to 1972. 

Born on September 24, 1890, in Montegut, Terrebonne Parish, 

LA, Ellender attended public and private schools, graduated from 

St. Aloysius College, New Orleans, in 1909 and from the law department of Tulane University in 1913, then practiced law in 

Houma, LA. After a dozen years in the State house of representatives, Ellender in 1936 won election to the U.S. Senate and served 

there for 35 years until his death. Before chairing the Appropriations Committee, Ellender served as chairman of the Committee 

on Claims and the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. He 

also served as President pro tempore of the Senate during the 92d 

Congress. 

For further reading: Becnel, Thomas A. Senator Allen Ellender of Louisiana: A 

Biography. Baton Rouge, LA, 1996. 

Jackson, Kenneth T., Karen E. Markoe, and Arnold Markoe, eds. Dictionary 

of American Biography. Supplement 9. New York, 1994. 
70 

JOHN L. McCLELLAN 

of Arkansas 
71 

JOHN L. McCLELLAN 

John L. McClellan, a Democrat from Arkansas, who had been 

on the committee for 28 years, became chairman on August 2, 

1972, and served until he died on November 28, 1977. 

Born in Sheridan, Grant County, AR, on February 25, 1896, 

McClellan studied law and gained admission to the bar in 1913 

at the age of 17. He then practiced law, served in the U.S. Army 

during World War I, and became prosecuting attorney of the seventh judicial district of Arkansas from 1927–30. Elected to the 

U.S. House of Representatives in 1934, he served until 1939, then 

resumed the practice of law until winning election to the Senate 

in 1942. He remained there for 34 years until his death. McClellan chaired the Senate Government Operations Committee for 18 

years before becoming Appropriations chairman. 

For further reading: U.S. Congress. Memorial Services Held in the Senate and 

House of Representatives of the United States Together with Remarks Presented in Eulogy 

of John L. McClellan, Late a Senator from Arkansas. 95th Cong., 1st sess., Washington, DC, 1978. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 14. 
72 

WARREN G. MAGNUSON 

of Washington 
73 

WARREN G. MAGNUSON 

Warren G. Magnuson, a Democrat from Washington, became 

chairman on January 27, 1978, and served until January 3, 1981. 

He was a member of the committee for 28 years from 1953 until 

1981. 

Born in Moorhead, Clay County, MN, on April 12, 1905, Magnuson attended the public schools, the University of North Dakota 

at Grand Forks, and North Dakota State College. He graduated 

from the University of Washington in 1926 and from the law 

school in 1929. After gaining admission to the bar that same year, 

he practiced law in Seattle, WA. During the 1930’s, Magnuson 

served as prosecuting attorney for King County, WA, as U.S. district attorney, and as a member of the State house of representatives. He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II, attaining 

the rank of lieutenant commander. From 1937 to 1944, he was 

a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and was then appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill a vacancy. Winning election to 

the seat, he remained in the Senate for 37 years until 1981. For 

more than 20 years, from 1955 to 1978, Magnuson chaired the 

committee that was variously known as Interstate and Foreign 

Commerce; Commerce; and Commerce, Science and Transportation, before becoming chairman of the Appropriations Committee. From 1979 to 1981, Magnuson was President pro tempore 

of the Senate. He died on May 20, 1989. 

For further reading: Scates, Shelby. Warren G. Magnuson and the Shaping of 

Twentieth Century America. Seattle, WA, 1997. 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 14. 
74 

MARK O. HATFIELD 

of Oregon 
75 

MARK O. HATFIELD 

Mark O. Hatfield, a Republican from Oregon, served as chairman from 1981 to 1987 and again from 1995 to 1997. He was 

a member of the committee for nearly 25 years from February 

1972 to January 1997. 

Born on July 12, 1922, in Dallas, OR, Hatfield graduated from 

Willamette University in 1943 and received an A.M. degree from 

Stanford University in 1948. During World War II, he served in 

the U.S. Navy in the Pacific as a lieutenant (jg.). From 1949 to 

1956, Hatfield taught political science at Willamette University, 

where he also served as dean of students. A member of the State 

house of representatives and later the State senate, Hatfield became 

Secretary of State in 1956. He served as Governor of Oregon from 

1958 to 1966, then won election to the U.S. Senate, where he 

served for 30 years until his retirement in 1997. 

For further reading: Eels, Robert, and Bartell Nyberg. Lonely Walk: The Life 

of Senator Mark Hatfield. Chappaqua, NY, 1979. 

Hatfield, Mark O. Against the Grain: Reflections of a Rebel Republican. Ashland, 

OR, 2000. 
76 

JOHN C. STENNIS 

of Mississippi 
77 

JOHN C. STENNIS 

John C. Stennis, Democrat from Mississippi, served as chairman 

from 1987 to 1989. He was a member of the committee for 34 

years from 1955 to 1989. 

Born in Kemper County, MS, on August 3, 1901, Stennis graduated from Mississippi State University in 1923 and received his 

law degree from the University of Virginia Law School in 1928. 

That same year, he gained admission to the bar and won election 

to the State house of representatives. From 1932 to 1937, he 

served as district prosecuting attorney and then for 10 years, from 

1937 to 1947, as circuit judge. In 1947 Stennis won election to 

the U.S. Senate to fill a vacancy and served for the next 41 years 

until his retirement in 1989. He chaired the Armed Services Committee for 11 years, from 1969 to 1980, and was President pro 

tempore of the Senate from 1987 to 1989. After his retirement 

from the Senate, Stennis moved to the Mississippi State University 

campus in Starkville, which also is the home of the John C. Stennis Institute of Government and the Stennis Center for Public 

Service. He died April 23, 1995. 

For further reading: Downs, Michael Scott. ‘‘Advice and Consent: John Stennis and the Vietnam War, 1954–1973.’’ Journal of Mississippi History 55 (May 

1993). 

Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds. American National Biography. New 

York, 1999. Vol. 20. 
78 

ROBERT C. BYRD 

of West Virginia 
79 

ROBERT C. BYRD 

Robert C. Byrd, a Democrat from West Virginia, has served on 

the Appropriations Committee longer than any other Senator in 

history. He joined the committee in 1959, the year he began his 

Senate career, and has remained on the committee for all of his 

years in the Senate. In 1989, he became the 29th chairman of the 

Appropriations Committee, serving until 1995. On January 3, 

2001, he became the 32d chairman of the committee, serving 

until January 20, 2001,1 and on June 6, 2001, he became the 

34th chairman of the committee. He is the second Senator from 

West Virginia to serve as chairman of the Senate Appropriations 

Committee.2

Born in North Wilkesboro, NC, on November 20, 1917, Byrd 

attended West Virginia public schools and Beckley College, Concord College, Morris Harvey College, and Marshall College, all in 

West Virginia, and George Washington University Law School. 

He graduated from American University Law School, cum laude, 

in 1963. After serving in the West Virginia House of Delegates 

from 1946 to 1950 and in the West Virginia Senate from 1950 

to 1952, Byrd, in 1952, won election to the U.S. House of Representatives, where he remained until his election to the U.S. Senate in 1958. In the Senate, he has held a series of leadership positions, including secretary of the Democratic Conference from 1967 

to 1971 and majority whip from 1971 to 1977. In 1977 Byrd became Senate Democratic leader, a post he held for 12 years, as majority leader from 1977 to 1981 and again from 1987 to 1989, 

and as minority leader from 1981 to 1987. He has served as President pro tempore of the Senate from 1989 to 1995, January 3 to 

January 20, 2001, and from June 2001 to January 2003.3 Since 

January 2003, Senator Byrd has served as President pro tempore 

emeritus of the Senate. He served in more leadership positions in 

the U.S. Senate than any other Senator of any party in Senate history. And in May 2001, Senator Byrd received what he considers 

his greatest honor when Governor Bob Wise and the West Virginia Legislature presented him with the ‘‘West Virginian of the 

20th Century’’ award. 

1At the beginning of the 107th Congress, in January 2001, the Senate was 

evenly divided. With a Democratic President and Vice President still serving 

until January 20, the Democratic Vice President was available to break a tie, 
80 

and the Democrats thus controlled the Senate for 17 days, from January 3 to 

January 20. On January 3, the Senate adopted S. Res. 7 designating Democratic 

Senators as committee chairmen to serve during this period and Republican 

chairmen to serve effective at noon on January 20, 2001. 2 The first was Henry Gassaway Davis, who served as chairman from 1879 

to 1881. 3 Democrats controlled the Senate from January 3 to January 20, 2001, due 

to the potential tie-breaking vote of Vice President Gore; Senator Byrd served 

during that period. Republicans regained controlled of the Senate starting January 20, 2001, due to the potential tie-breaking vote of Vice President Cheney; 

at that point, Senator Thurmond again became President pro tempore. Both 

were elected with a single resolution on January 3, 2001. 

For further reading: Byrd, Robert C. The Senate, 1789–1989: Addresses on the 

History of the United States Senate. Vol. 2, Washington, DC, 1991. Chapters 25– 

28. 

82 

TED STEVENS 

of Alaska 
83 

THEODORE F. (TED) STEVENS 

Ted Stevens, a Republican from Alaska, President pro tempore 

(January 2003 to present) served as chairman from January 1997 

to January 3, 2001, and from January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001.1

He became ranking member until January 2003-January 2005. He 

has been chairman or ranking member of the Defense Subcommittee since 1981. He has been a member of the Appropriations Committee since 1972. 

Born in Indianapolis, IN, on November 18, 1923, Stevens attended Oregon State College and Montana State College, and graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1947. He 

graduated from Harvard Law School in 1950 and was admitted to 

the bar the same year. During World War II, he served in the 

U.S. Army Air Corps. He served as assistant to the Secretary of 

the Interior in 1958, and chief counsel, Department of the Interior, 1960. After being elected to the Alaska House of Representatives in 1964, and reelected in 1966, he was chosen to serve as 

the speaker pro tempore and majority leader of that body. He was 

appointed as a Republican to the United States Senate, December 

24, 1968, and subsequently elected on November 3, 1970, and reelected in 1972, 1978, 1984, 1990, 1996, and 2002. He served 

as the Senate Republican Whip from 1977 to 1985, and as chairman of the Republican Senatorial Campaign Committee (1974– 

77). He is chairman of the Commerce, Science and Transportation 

Committee (1971–79 and 1981 to present); and has also served on 

the Post Office and Civil Service Committee (1969–77) which became part of the Governmental Affairs Committee (1977–2003) 

which became the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (2004-present), of which he has served as chairman 

(1995–96). He also served on the Committee on Rules and Administration (1971–72 and 1985 to present), of which he was the 

ranking member from 1987–94. He has also served on the Energy 

and Natural Resources Committee (1979–81), and on the following select committees: Small Business (1989–93), Ethics 

(1983–85 and 1993), and Intelligence (1993–94). 

1At the beginning of the 107th Congress, in January 2001, the Senate was 

evenly divided. With a Democratic President and Vice President still serving 

until January 20, the Democratic Vice President was available to break a tie, 

and the Democrats thus controlled the Senate for 17 days, from January 3 to 

January 20. On January 3, the Senate adopted S. Res. 7 designating Democratic 
84 

Senators as committee chairmen to serve during this period and Republican 

chairmen to serve effective at noon on January 20, 2001. 

86 

THAD COCHRAN 

of Mississippi 
87 

THAD COCHRAN (Chairman) 

Thad Cochran, Republican Senator from Mississippi, became the 

36th Chairman on January 6, 2005. He has been a member of the 

Senate Appropriations Committee since 1981. 

Born in Pontotoc, Pontotoc County, Mississippi, December 7, 

1937; educated in the public schools of Mississippi; graduated 

with a B.A. degree from the University of Mississippi in 1959 and 

the University of Mississippi School of Law with a Juris Doctor 

degree in 1965; studied international law and jurisprudence at 

Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland 1963–1964; served 

as an officer in the United States Navy 1959–1961; admitted to 

the Mississippi bar in 1965 and practiced in Jackson with the firm 

of Watkins & Eager for 7 years; elected to the Ninety-third Congress in 1972; re-elected to the Ninety-fourth and Ninety-fifth 

Congress, elected in 1978 to the United States Senate; re-elected 

in 1984, 1990, 1996, and 2002. Secretary, Senate Republican 

Conference (1985–1991); chair, Senate Republican Conference 

(1991–1997); chair, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 

Forestry (2003–2004); member, Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution and Board of Visitors of the U.S. Naval Academy. 

89 

Membership of the Committee 

(BY CONGRESS AND SESSION) 

(For party affiliations, see sections: ‘‘Members of the Committee by State and 

Term of Service,’’ and ‘‘Alphabetical Listings of Members of the Committee.’’; 

dashes indicated vacancy) 

FORTIETH CONGRESS

First session—March 4, 1867–December 2, 1867 

Second session—December 2, 1867–November 10, 1868 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman James Guthrie 

James W. Grimes 

Timothy O. Howe 

Henry Wilson 

Cornelius Cole 

Roscoe Conkling 

Third session—December 7, 1868–March 3, 1869 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman Charles R. Buckalew 

James W. Grimes 

Timothy O. Howe 

Henry Wilson 

Cornelius Cole 

Roscoe Conkling 

FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS

First session—March 4, 1869–April 10, 1869 

Special session—April 12, 1869–April 22, 1869 

William Pitt Fessenden, 1 chairman John P. Stockton 

James W. Grimes 

Henry Wilson 

Cornelius Cole 

William Sprague 

Frederick A. Sawyer 

1 Deceased September 8, 1869. 

Second session—December 6, 1869–July 15, 1870 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman John P. Stockton 

Henry Wilson 

Cornelius Cole 

William Sprague 

Frederick A. Sawyer 

John Pool 
90 

Third session—December 5, 1870–March 3, 1871 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman John P. Stockton 

Cornelius Cole 

George Edmunds 

William Sprague 

Frederick A. Sawyer 

John Pool 

FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS

First session—March 4, 1871–April 20, 1871 

Special session—May 10, 1871–May 27, 1871 

Second session—December 4, 1871–June 10, 1872 

Cornelius Cole, chairman John W. Stevenson 

William Sprague 

Frederick A. Sawyer 

George F. Edmunds 

William Windom 

J. Rodman West 

Third session—December 2, 1872–March 3, 1873 

Cornelius Cole, chairman John W. Stevenson 

William Sprague 

Frederick A. Sawyer 

Lot M. Morrill 

William Windom 

J. Rodman West 

FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1873–March 26, 1873 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman John W. Stevenson 

William Sprague Henry G. Davis 

William Windom 

J. Rodman West 

Adelbert Ames 

Aaron A. Sargent 

William B. Allison 

First session—December 1, 1873–June 23, 1874 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman John W. Stevenson 

William Sprague Henry G. Davis 

William Windom 

J. Rodman West 

Adelbert Ames 1

Aaron A. Sargent 

William B. Allison 

Stephen W. Dorsey 2

1Resigned from Senate January 10, 1874. 

2Appointed February 13, 1874. 
91 

Second session—December 7, 1874–March 3, 1875 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman John W. Stevenson 

William Sprague Henry G. Davis 

William Windom 

J. Rodman West 

Aaron A. Sargent 

William B. Allison 

Stephen W. Dorsey 

FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 5, 1875–March 24, 1875 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman Henry G. Davis 

William Windom William W. Eaton 1

J. Rodman West William A. Wallace 

Aaron A. Sargent Robert E. Withers 2

William B. Allison 

Stephen W. Dorsey 

1 Excused March 19, 1875. 

2Appointed March 19, 1875. 

First session—December 6, 1875–August 15, 1876 

Lot M. Morrill, chairman 1 Henry G. Davis 

William Windom Robert E. Withers 

J. Rodman West William A. Wallace 

Aaron A. Sargent 

William B. Allison 

Stephen W. Dorsey 

1Resigned from Senate July 7, 1876. 

Second session—December 4, 1876–March 3, 1877 

William Windom, chairman 1 Henry G. Davis 

J. Rodman West Robert E. Withers 

Aaron A. Sargent William A. Wallace 

William B. Allison 

Stephen W. Dorsey 

James G. Blaine 

1Appointed December 6, 1876. 

FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 5, 1877–March 17, 1877 

First session—October 15, 1877–December 3, 1877 

Second session—December 3, 1877–June 20, 1878 

William Windom, chairman Henry G. Davis 

Aaron A. Sargent Robert E. Withers 

William B. Allison W.W. Eaton 

Stephen W. Dorsey James B. Beck 

James G. Blaine 
92 

Third session—December 2, 1878–March 3, 1879 

William Windom, chairman Henry G. Davis 

Aaron A. Sargent Robert E. Withers 

William B. Allison William W. Eaton 1

Stephen W. Dorsey James B. Beck 

James G. Blaine William A. Wallace 2

1 Excused December 5, 1878. 

2Appointed December 5, 1878. 

FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—March 18, 1879–July 1, 1879 

Second session—December 1, 1879–June 16, 1880 

Third session—December 6, 1880–March 3, 1881 

Henry G. Davis, chairman William Windom 

Robert E. Withers William B. Allison 

James B. Beck James G. Blaine 

William A. Wallace Newton Booth 

William W. Eaton 

FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1881–May 20, 1881 

Special session (2)—October 10, 1881–October 29, 1881 

First session—December 5, 1881–August 8, 1882 

Second session—December 4, 1882–March 3, 1883 

William B. Allison, chairman Henry G. Davis 

James G. Blaine 1 James B. Beck 

John A. Logan Matt W. Ransom 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb 

Eugene Hale 

1Resigned from Senate March 5, 1881. 

FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS

First session—December 3, 1883–July 7, 1884 

Second session—December 4, 1884–November 3, 1885 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 

John A. Logan Matt W. Ransom 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale 

FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1885–April 2, 1885 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

William Mahone 
93 

First session—December 7, 1885–August 5, 1886 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

William Mahone 

John A. Logan 1

1Appointed December 14, 1885. 

Second session—December 6, 1886–March 3, 1887 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

William Mahone 

John A. Logan 1

1 Deceased December 26, 1886. 

FIFTIETH CONGRESS

First session—December 5, 1887–October 20, 1888 

Second session—December 3, 1888–March 3, 1889 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

Charles B. Farwell 

FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1889–April 2, 1889 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

Charles B. Farwell 

First session—December 2, 1889–October 1, 1890 

William B. Allison, chairman James B. Beck 1

Henry L. Dawes Francis M. Cockrell 

Preston B. Plumb Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

Charles B. Farwell Joseph C.S. Blackburn 2

1 Deceased May 3, 1890. 

2Appointed May 27, 1890. 

Second session—December 1, 1890–March 3, 1891 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Henry L. Dawes Wilkinson Call 

Preston B. Plumb Arthur P. Gorman 

Eugene Hale Joseph C.S. Blackburn 

Charles B. Farwell 
94 

FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS

First session—December 7, 1891–August 5, 1892 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Henry L. Dawes Wilkinson Call 

Preston B. Plumb 1 Arthur P. Gorman 

Eugene Hale Joseph C.S. Blackburn 

Shelby M. Cullom 

William M. Stewart 

1 Deceased December 20, 1891. 

Second session—December 5, 1892–March 3, 1893 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Henry L. Dawes Wilkinson Call 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

Shelby M. Cullom Joseph C.S. Blackburn 

William M. Stewart 

FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1893–April 14, 1893 

First session—August 7, 1893–November 3, 1893 

Second session—December 4, 1893–August 28, 1894 

Third session—December 3, 1894–March 3, 1895 

Francis M. Cockrell William B. Allison 

Wilkinson Call Eugene Hale 

Arthur P. Gorman Shelby M. Cullom 

Joseph C.S. Blackburn Henry M. Teller 

Calvin S. Brice 

FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS

First session—December 2, 1895–June 11, 1896 

Second session—December 7, 1896–March 3, 1897 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Wilkinson Call 

Shelby M. Cullom Arthur P. Gorman 

Henry M. Teller Joseph C.S. Blackburn 

Matthew S. Quay Calvin S. Brice 

Richard F. Pettigrew Charles J. Faulkner 

George C. Perkins 

FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1897–March 10, 1897 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

Shelby M. Cullom Charles J. Faulkner 

Henry M. Teller 

Matthew S. Quay 

Richard F. Pettigrew 

George C. Perkins 
95 

First session—March 15, 1897–July 24, 1897 

Second session—December 6, 1897–July 8, 1898 

Third session—December 5, 1898–March 3, 1899 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Arthur P. Gorman 

Shelby M. Cullom HENRY M. TELLER

Matthew S. Quay Charles J. Faulkner 

George C. Perkins Richard F. Pettigrew 

William J. Sewell James H. Berry 

Edward Murphy, Jr. 

FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—December 4, 1899–June 7, 1900 

Second session—December 3, 1900–March 3, 1901 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale HENRY M. TELLER

Shelby M. Cullom Richard F. Pettigrew 

George C. Perkins James H. Berry 

William J. Sewell Benjamin R. Tillman 

Francis E. Warren 

George P. Wetmore 

Thomas H. Carter 

FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1901–March 9, 1901 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

William J. Sewell 

Francis E. Warren 

George P. Wetmore 

First session—December 2, 1901–July 1, 1902 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

William J. Sewell 1 John W. Daniel 

Francis E. Warren 

George P. Wetmore 

Matthew S. Quay 

James McMillan 2

1 Deceased December 27, 1901. 

2Appointed February 7, 1902; deceased August 10, 1902. 
96 

Second session—December 1, 1902–March 3, 1903 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

Francis E. Warren John W. Daniel 

George P. Wetmore 

Matthew S. Quay 

FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 5, 1903–March 19, 1903 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

Francis E. Warren John W. Daniel 

George P. Wetmore 

Matthew S. Quay 

First session—November 9, 1903–December 7, 1903 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

Francis E. Warren John W. Daniel 

George P. Wetmore 

Matthew S. Quay 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Second session—December 7, 1903–April 28, 1904 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

Francis E. Warren John W. Daniel 

George P. Wetmore 

Matthew S. Quay 1

Jacob H. Gallinger 

1 Deceased May 28, 1904. 

Third session—December 5, 1904–March 3, 1905 

William B. Allison, chairman Francis M. Cockrell 

Eugene Hale Henry M. Teller 

Shelby M. Cullom James H. Berry 

George C. Perkins Benjamin R. Tillman 

Francis E. Warren John W. Daniel 

George P. Wetmore 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 
97 

FIFTY-NINTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 14–18, 1905 

William B. Allison, chairman Henry M. Teller 

Eugene Hale James H. Berry 

Shelby M. Cullom Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins John W. Daniel 

Francis E. Warren 

George P. Wetmore 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 

First session—December 4, 1905–June 30, 1906 

William B. Allison, chairman Henry M. Teller 

Eugene Hale James H. Berry 

Shelby M. Cullom Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins John W. Daniel 

Francis E. Warren Arthur P. Gorman 1

George P. Wetmore Alexander S. Clay 2

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 

1 Deceased June 4, 1906. 

2Appointed June 21, 1906. 

Second session—December 3, 1906–March 3, 1907 

William B. Allison, chairman Henry M. Teller 

Eugene Hale James H. Berry 

Shelby M. Cullom Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins John W. Daniel 

Francis E. Warren Alexander S. Clay 

George P. Wetmore 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 

SIXTIETH CONGRESS

First session—December 2, 1907–May 30, 1908 

William B. Allison, chairman 1 Henry M. Teller 

Eugene Hale Benjamin R. Tillman 

Shelby M. Cullom John W. Daniel 

George C. Perkins Alexander S. Clay 

Francis E. Warren Murphy J. Foster 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 

Redfield Proctor 2

James A. Hemenway 

1 Deceased August 4, 1908. 

2 Deceased March 4, 1908. 
98 

Second session—December 7, 1908–March 3, 1909 

——— ——— Henry M. Teller 

Eugene Hale 1 Benjamin R. Tillman 

Shelby M. Cullom John W. Daniel 

George C. Perkins Alexander S. Clay 

Francis E. Warren Murphy J. Foster 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 

James A. Hemenway 

——— ——— 

Note: Dash line indicates vacancy. 

1Acting chairman. 

SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS

Special session—March 4–6, 1909 

Eugene Hale, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

Shelby M. Cullom John W. Daniel 

George C. Perkins Alexander S. Clay 

Francis E. Warren Murphy J. Foster 

Jacob H. Gallinger 

Stephen B. Elkins 

First session—March 15, 1909–August 5, 1909 

Eugene Hale, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins John W. Daniel 

Francis E. Warren Alexander S. Clay 

Jacob H. Gallinger Murphy J. Foster 

Stephen B. Elkins Charles A. Culberson 

John Kean 

Elmer J. Burkett 

Charles Curtis 

Second session—December 6, 1909–June 25, 1910 

Eugene Hale, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins John W. Daniel 1

Francis E. Warren Alexander S. Clay 2

Jacob H. Gallinger Murphy J. Foster 

Stephen B. Elkins Charles A. Culberson 

John Kean 

Elmer J. Burkett 

Charles Curtis 

1 Deceased June 29, 1910. 

2 Deceased November 13, 1910. 
99 

Third session—December 5, 1910–March 3, 1911 

Eugene Hale, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins Murphy J. Foster 

Francis E. Warren Charles A. Culberson 

Jacob H. Gallinger Thomas S. Martin 2

Stephen B. Elkins 1 Lee S. Overman 2

John Kean 

Elmer J. Burkett 

Charles Curtis 

1 Deceased January 4, 1911. 

2Appointed December 8, 1910. 

SIXTY-SECOND CONGRESS

First session—April 4, 1911–August 22, 1911 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins Murphy J. Foster 

Jacob H. Gallinger Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis Thomas S. Martin 

Robert J. Gamble Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

George S. Nixon John Walter Smith 

Joseph M. Dixon 

Jonathan Bourne, Jr. 

George P. Wetmore 

Second session—December 4, 1911–August 26, 1912 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins Murphy J. Foster 

Jacob H. Gallinger Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis Thomas S. Martin 

Robert J. Gamble Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

George S. Nixon 1 John Walter Smith 

Joseph M. Dixon 

Jonathan Bourne, Jr. 

George P. Wetmore 

George T. Oliver 2

1 Deceased June 5, 1912. 

2Appointed August 8, 1912. 

Third session—December 2, 1912–March 3, 1913 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Benjamin R. Tillman 

George C. Perkins Murphy J. Foster 

Jacob H. Gallinger Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis Thomas S. Martin 

Robert J. Gamble Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Joseph M. Dixon John Walter Smith 

Jonathan Bourne, Jr. 

George P. Wetmore 

George T. Oliver 
100 

SIXTY-THIRD CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1913–March 17, 1913 

First session—April 7, 1913–December 1, 1913 

Second session—December 1, 1913–October 24, 1914 

Third session—December 7, 1914–March 3, 1915 

Thomas S. Martin, chairman Francis E. Warren 

Lee S. Overman George C. Perkins 

Robert L. Owen Jacob H. Gallinger 

John Walter Smith Reed Smoot 

George E. Chamberlain George T. Oliver 

Luke Lea William P. Dillingham 

Nathan P. Bryan Wesley L. Jones 

John F. Shafroth 

Benjamin R. Tillman 

Charles A. Culberson 

SIXTY-FOURTH CONGRESS

First session—December 6, 1915–September 8, 1916 

Second session—December 4, 1916–March 3, 1917 

Thomas S. Martin, chairman Francis E. Warren 

Lee S. Overman Jacob H. Gallinger 

Robert L. Owen Reed Smoot 

John Walter Smith George T. Oliver 

George E. Chamberlain William P. Dillingham 

Luke Lea Wesley L. Jones 

Nathan P. Bryan Charles E. Townsend 

John F. Shafroth Charles Curtis 

Benjamin R. Tillman 

Charles A. Culberson 

Oscar W. Underwood 

Joseph T. Robinson 

SIXTY-FIFTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 5–16, 1917 

First session, April 2, 1917–October 6, 1917 

Thomas S. Martin, chairman Francis E. Warren 

Lee S. Overman Jacob H. Gallinger 

Robert L. Owen Reed Smoot 

John Walter Smith William P. Dillingham 

George E. Chamberlain Wesley L. Jones 

John F. Shafroth Charles Curtis 

Benjamin R. Tillman William S. Kenyon 

Charles A. Culberson Lawrence Y. Sherman 

Oscar W. Underwood 

Joseph T. Robinson 

Marcus A. Smith 

Thomas W. Hardwick 
101 

Second session—December 3, 1917–November 21, 1918 

Thomas S. Martin, chairman Francis E. Warren 

Lee S. Overman Jacob H. Gallinger 4

Robert L. Owen Reed Smoot 

John Walter Smith William P. Dillingham 5

George E. Chamberlain Wesley L. Jones 

John F. Shafroth Charles Curtis 

Benjamin R. Tillman 1 William S. Kenyon 

Charles A. Culberson Lawrence Y. Sherman 

Oscar W. Underwood John W. Weeks 6

Joseph T. Robinson 2 William M. Calder 6

Marcus A. Smith 

Thomas W. Hardwick 

Christie Benet 3

1 Deceased July 3, 1918. 

2Resigned from committee September 9, 1918. 

3Appointed July 11, 1918. Left Senate November 5, 1918. 

4 Deceased August 17, 1918. 

5Resigned from committee September 3, 1918. 

6Appointed September 3, 1918. 

Third session—December 2, 1918–March 3, 1919 

Thomas S. Martin, chairman Francis E. Warren 

Lee S. Overman Reed Smoot 

Robert L. Owen Wesley L. Jones 

John Walter Smith Charles Curtis 

George E. Chamberlain William S. Kenyon 

John F. Shafroth Lawrence Y. Sherman 

Charles A. Culberson John W. Weeks 

Oscar W. Underwood William M. Calder 

Marcus A. Smith 

Thomas W. Hardwick 

William P. Pollock 1

Edward J. Gay 1

1Appointed December 3, 1918. 

SIXTY-SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—May 19, 1919–November 19, 1919 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Thomas S. Martin 1

Reed Smoot Lee S. Overman 

Wesley L. Jones Robert L. Owen 

Charles Curtis John Walter Smith 

William S. Kenyon Charles A. Culberson 

Lawrence Y. Sherman Oscar W. Underwood 

Alse J. Gronna Marcus A. Smith 

Frederick Hale Edward J. Gay 

Selden P. Spencer William J. Harris 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

Truman M. Newberry 

1 Deceased November 12, 1919. 
102 

Second session—December 1, 1919–June 3, 1920 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones John Walter Smith 

Charles Curtis Charles A. Culberson 

William S. Kenyon Oscar W. Underwood 1

Lawrence Y. Sherman Marcus A. Smith 

Alse J. Gronna Edward J. Gay 

Frederick Hale William J. Harris 

Selden P. Spencer Carter Glass 2

Lawrence C. Phipps Andrieus A. Jones 3

Truman M. Newberry 

1Resigned from committee June 4, 1920. 

2Appointed February 14, 1920. 

3Appointed June 4, 1920. 

Third session—December 6, 1920–March 3, 1921 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones John Walter Smith 

Charles Curtis Charles A. Culberson 

William S. Kenyon Marcus A. Smith 

Lawrence Y. Sherman Edward J. Gay 

Alse J. Gronna William J. Harris 

Frederick Hale Carter Glass 

Selden P. Spencer Andrieus A. Jones 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

Truman M. Newberry 

SIXTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 4–15, 1921 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis William J. Harris 

William S. Kenyon Carter Glass 

Frederick Hale Andrieus A. Jones 

Selden P. Spencer 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

Truman M. Newberry 

First session—April 11, 1921–November 23, 1921 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis William J. Harris 

William S. Kenyon Carter Glass 

Frederick Hale Andrieus A. Jones 

Selden P. Spencer 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

Truman M. Newberry 

William B. McKinley 
103 

Second session—December 5, 1921–September 22, 1922 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis William J. Harris 

William S. Kenyon 1 Carter Glass 

Frederick Hale Andrieus A. Jones 

Selden P. Spencer 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

Truman M. Newberry 2

William B. McKinley 

Irvine L. Lenroot 3

1Resigned February 24, 1922. 

2Resigned November 18, 1922. 

3Appointed March 21, 1922. 

Third session—November 20, 1922–December 4, 1922 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis William J. Harris 

Frederick Hale Carter Glass 

Selden P. Spencer Andrieus A. Jones 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

William B. McKinley 

Irvine L. Lenroot 

Fourth session—December 4, 1922–March 3, 1923 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot Robert L. Owen 

Wesley L. Jones Charles A. Culberson 

Charles Curtis William J. Harris 

Frederick Hale Carter Glass 

Selden P. Spencer Andrieus A. Jones 

Lawrence C. Phipps 

William B. McKinley 

Irvine L. Lenroot 

Henry W. Keyes 1

1Appointed December 5, 1922. 

SIXTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS

First session—December 3, 1923–June 7, 1924 

Second session—December 1, 1924–March 3, 1925 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Charles Curtis Andrieus A. Jones 

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Selden P. Spencer Edwin S. Broussard 

Lawrence C. Phipps Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. 

William B. McKinley Matthew M. Neely 

Irvine L. Lenroot 

Henry W. Keyes 
104 

SIXTY-NINTH CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1925–March 17, 1925 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Charles Curtis Andrieus A. Jones 

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Selden P. Spencer 1 Edwin S. Broussard 

Lawrence C. Phipps Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. 

William B. McKinley John B. Kendrick 

Irvine L. Lenroot 

Henry W. Keyes 

1 Deceased May 16, 1925. 

First session—December 7, 1925–July 3, 1926; November 10, 1926 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Charles Curtis Andrieus A. Jones 

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Lawrence C. Phipps Edwin S. Broussard 

William B. McKinley Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. 

Irvine L. Lenroot John B. Kendrick 

Henry W. Keyes 

Ralph H. Cameron 1

1Appointed December 15, 1925. 

Second session—December 6, 1926–March 3, 1927 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Charles Curtis Andrieus A. Jones 

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Lawrence C. Phipps Edwin S. Broussard 

William B. McKinley 1 Thomas F. Bayard, Jr. 

Irvine L. Lenroot John B. Kendrick 

Henry W. Keyes 

Ralph H. Cameron 

Hiram Bingham 2

1 Deceased December 7, 1926. 

2Appointed December 14, 1926. 
105 

SEVENTIETH CONGRESS

First session—December 5, 1927–May 29, 1928 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Charles Curtis Andrieus A. Jones 1

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Lawrence C. Phipps Edwin S. Broussard 

Henry W. Keyes John B. Kendrick 

Hiram Bingham Royal S. Copeland 

Tasker L. Oddie Carl T. Hayden 

Gerald P. Nye Sam G. Bratton 2

1 Deceased December 20, 1927. 

2Appointed January 5, 1928. 

Second session—December 3, 1928–March 3, 1929 

Francis E. Warren, chairman Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Charles Curtis 1 Kenneth McKellar 

Frederick Hale Edwin S. Broussard 

Lawrence C. Phipps John B. Kendrick 

Henry W. Keyes Royal S. Copeland 

Hiram Bingham Carl T. Hayden 

Tasker L. Oddie Sam G. Bratton 

Gerald P. Nye 

1Resigned March 3, 1929. 

SEVENTY-FIRST CONGRESS

Special session (1)—March 4, 1929–March 5, 1929 

(Membership of the existing committee of the 70th Congress was not altered.) 

First session—April 15, 1929–November 22, 1929 

Francis E. Warren, chairman 1 Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Wesley L. Jones Carter Glass 

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Lawrence C. Phipps Edwin S. Broussard 

Henry W. Keyes John B. Kendrick 

Hiram Bingham Royal S. Copeland 

Tasker L. Oddie Carl T. Hayden 

Gerald P. Nye Sam G. Bratton 

W.B. Pine 

Otis F. Glenn 

1 Deceased November 24, 1929. 
106 

Second session—December 2, 1929–July 3, 1930 

Special session (2)—July 7, 1930–July 21, 1930 

Wesley L. Jones, chairman 1 Lee S. Overman 

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Frederick Hale Carter Glass 

Lawrence C. Phipps Kenneth McKellar 

Henry W. Keyes Edwin S. Broussard 

Hiram Bingham John B. Kendrick 

Tasker L. Oddie Royal S. Copeland 

Gerald P. Nye Carl T. Hayden 

W.B. Pine Sam G. Bratton 

Otis F. Glenn 

Frederick Steiwer 2

1 Elected chairman January 11, 1930. 

2 Elected January 11, 1930. 

Third session—December 1, 1930–March 3, 1931 

Wesley L. Jones, chairman Lee S. Overman 1

Reed Smoot William J. Harris 

Frederick Hale Carter Glass 

Lawrence C. Phipps Kenneth McKellar 

Henry W. Keyes Edwin S. Broussard 

Hiram Bingham John B. Kendrick 

Tasker L. Oddie Royal S. Copeland 

Gerald P. Nye Carl T. Hayden 

W.B. Pine Sam G. Bratton 

Otis F. Glenn Cameron A. Morrison 2

Frederick Steiwer 

1 Deceased December 12, 1930. 

2Appointed January 6, 1931. 

SEVENTY-SECOND CONGRESS

First session—December 7, 1931–July 16, 1932 

Wesley L. Jones, chairman 1 William J. Harris 2

Reed Smoot Carter Glass 

Frederick Hale Kenneth McKellar 

Henry W. Keyes Edwin S. Broussard 

Hiram Bingham John B. Kendrick 

Tasker L. Oddie Royal S. Copeland 

Gerald P. Nye Carl T. Hayden 

Frederick Steiwer Sam G. Bratton 

Peter Norbeck Cameron A. Morrison 3

Porter H. Dale Elmer Thomas 

James J. Davis James F. Byrnes 

L.J. Dickinson John S. Cohen 4

1 Deceased November 19, 1932. 

2 Deceased April 18, 1932. 

3 Left Senate December 4, 1932. 

4Appointed April 28, 1932. 
107 

Second session—December 5, 1932–March 3, 1933 

Frederick Hale, chairman 1 Carter Glass 

Reed Smoot Kenneth McKellar 

Henry W. Keyes Edwin S. Broussard 

Hiram Bingham John B. Kendrick 

Tasker L. Oddie Royal S. Copeland 

Gerald P. Nye Carl T. Hayden 

Frederick Steiwer Sam G. Bratton 

Peter Norbeck Elmer Thomas 

Porter H. Dale James F. Byrnes 

James J. Davis John S. Cohen 3

L.J. Dickinson Millard E. Tydings 4

Elijah S. Grammer 2 Richard B. Russell, Jr. 5

1Appointed chairman December 8, 1932. 

2Appointed December 8, 1932. 

3 Served until January 11, 1933. 

4Appointed December 6, 1932. 

5Appointed January 12, 1933. 

SEVENTY-THIRD CONGRESS

Special session—March 4, 1933–March 6, 1933 

(Membership of the existing committee of the 72d Congress was not altered.) 

First session—March 9, 1933–June 15, 1933 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Henry W. Keyes 

John B. Kendrick 1 Gerald P. Nye 

Royal S. Copeland Frederick Steiwer 

Carl T. Hayden Peter Norbeck 

Sam G. Bratton 2 Porter H. Dale 3

Elmer Thomas L.J. Dickinson 

James F. Byrnes John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Millard E. Tydings Robert D. Carey 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. 

Marcus A. Coolidge 

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

1 Deceased November 3, 1933. 

2Resigned from the Senate June 24, 1933. 

3 Deceased october 6, 1933. 
108 

Second session—January 3, 1934–June 18, 1934 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Henry W. Keyes 

Royal S. Copeland Gerald P. Nye 

Carl T. Hayden Frederick Steiwer 

Elmer Thomas Peter Norbeck 

James F. Byrnes L.J. Dickinson 

Millard E. Tydings John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. Robert D. Carey 

Marcus A. Coolidge Roscoe C. Patterson 2

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 1

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 1

1Appointed January 4, 1934. 

2Appointed January 17, 1934. 

SEVENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1935–August 26, 1935 

Second session—January 3, 1936–June 20, 1936 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Henry W. Keyes 

Royal S. Copeland Gerald P. Nye 

Carl T. Hayden Frederick Steiwer 

Elmer Thomas Peter Norbeck 

James F. Byrnes L J. Dickinson 

Millard E. Tydings John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. Robert D. Carey 

Marcus A. Coolidge 

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

William Gibbs McAdoo 

Harry S. Truman 
109 

SEVENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS

First session—January 5, 1937–August 21, 1937 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Gerald P. Nye 

Royal S. Copeland Frederick Steiwer 

Carl T. Hayden John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Styles Bridges 1

James F. Byrnes 

Millard E. Tydings 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. 

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

William Gibbs McAdoo 

Harry S. Truman 

F. Ryan Duffy 1

Edward R. Burke 1

Herbert E. Hitchcock 1

Theodore F. Green 1

1 Elected January 8, 1937. 

Second session—November 15, 1937–December 21, 1937 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Gerald P. Nye 

Royal S. Copeland Frederick Steiwer 

Carl T. Hayden John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Styles Bridges 

James F. Byrnes 

Millard E. Tydings 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. 

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

William Gibbs McAdoo 

Harry S. Truman 

F. Ryan Duffy 

Edward R. Burke 

Herbert E. Hitchcock 

Theodore F. Green 
110 

Third session—January 3, 1938–June 16, 1938 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Gerald P. Nye 

Royal S. Copeland 1 Frederick Steiwer 2

Carl T. Hayden John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Styles Bridges 

James F. Byrnes Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.3

Millard E. Tydings 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. 

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

William Gibbs McAdoo 

Harry S. Truman 

F. Ryan Duffy 

Edward R. Burke 

Herbert E. Hitchcock 

Theodore F. Green 

1 Deceased June 17, 1938. 

2Resigned from Senate January 31, 1938. 

3Appointed February 16, 1938. 

SEVENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1939–August 5, 1939 

Second session—September 21, 1939–November 3, 1939 

Third session—January 3, 1940–January 3, 1941 

Carter Glass, chairman Frederick Hale 

Kenneth McKellar Gerald P. Nye 

Carl T. Hayden John G. Townsend, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Styles Bridges 

James F. Byrnes Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. 

Millard E. Tydings Rufus C. Holman 1

Richard B. Russell, Jr. Robert A. Taft 1

Alva B. Adams 

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

Harry S. Truman 

Edward R. Burke 

Theodore F. Green 

Francis T. Maloney 1

Dennis Chavez 1

1 Elected January 10, 1939. 
111 

SEVENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1941–January 2, 1942 

Carter Glass, chairman Gerald P. Nye 

Kenneth McKellar Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Rufus C. Holman 

James F. Byrnes 1 Wallace H. White, Jr. 

Millard E. Tydings Chan Gurney 

Richard B. Russell, Jr. C. Wayland Brooks 

Alva B. Adams 2

Patrick A. McCarran 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

Harry S. Truman 

Theodore F. Green 

Francis T. Maloney 

Dennis Chavez 

Alva M. Lumpkin 3 4

Roger C. Peace 5

James M. Mead 6

Wall Doxey 6

Burnet R. Maybank 6

1Resigned July 8, 1941. 

2 Deceased December 1, 1941. 

3 Elected to Committee July 31, 1941. 

4 Deceased August 1, 1941. 

5 Elected to Committee August 7, 1941. 

6 Elected on December 15, 1941. 

Second session—January 5, 1942–December 16, 1942 

Carter Glass, chairman Gerald P. Nye 

Kenneth McKellar Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Rufus C. Holman 

Millard E. Tydings Wallace H. White, Jr. 

Richard B. Russell Chan Gurney 

Patrick A. McCarran C. Wayland Brooks 

John H. Overton 

John H. Bankhead II 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

Harry S. Truman 

Theodore F. Green 

Francis T. Maloney 

Dennis Chavez 

James M. Mead 

Wall Doxey 

Burnet R. Maybank 
112 

SEVENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS

First session—January 6, 1943–December 21, 1943 

Carter Glass, chairman Gerald P. Nye 

Kenneth McKellar Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. 

Elmer Thomas Rufus C. Holman 

Millard E. Tydings Wallace H. White, Jr. 

Richard B. Russell Chan Gurney 

Patrick A. McCarran C. Wayland Brooks 

John H. Overton Clyde M. Reed 

John H. Bankhead II Harold H. Burton 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

Harry S. Truman 

Theodore F. Green 

Francis T. Maloney 

Dennis Chavez 

James M. Mead 

Burnet R. Maybank 

Second session—January 10, 1944–December 19, 1944 

Carter Glass, chairman Gerald P. Nye 

Kenneth McKellar Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. 1

Elmer Thomas Rufus C. Holman 

Millard E. Tydings Wallace H. White, Jr. 

Richard B. Russell Chan Gurney 

Patrick A. McCarran C. Wayland Brooks 

John H. Overton Clyde M. Reed 

John H. Bankhead II Harold H. Burton 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Joseph H. Ball 2

Harry S. Truman 

Theodore F. Green 

Francis T. Maloney 

Dennis Chavez 

James M. Mead 

Burnet R. Maybank 

1Resigned February 4, 1944. 

2 Elected to Committee February 21, 1944. 
113 

SEVENTY-NINTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1945–December 21, 1945 

Carter Glass, chairman Styles Bridges 

Kenneth McKellar Wallace H. White, Jr. 

Carl T. Hayden Chan Gurney 

Elmer Thomas C. Wayland Brooks 

Millard E. Tydings Clyde M. Reed 

Richard B. Russell Harold H. Burton 4

Patrick A. McCarran Joseph H. Ball 

John H. Overton Raymond E. Willis 

John H. Bankhead II Homer Ferguson 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Kenneth S. Wherry 5

Harry S. Truman 1 ——— ——— 

Theodore F. Green 

Francis T. Maloney 2

Dennis Chavez 

James M. Mead 

Burnet R. Maybank 

Abe Murdock 3

1Resigned January 18, 1945. 

2 Deceased January 16, 1945. 

3 Elected to Committee February 28, 1945. 

4Resigned September 30, 1945. 

5 Elected to Committee January 18, 1945. 

Note: Dash line indicates vacancy. 

Second session—January 14, 1946–August 2, 1946 

Carter Glass, chairman 1 Styles Bridges 

Kenneth McKellar, chairman 2 Wallace H. White, Jr. 

Carl T. Hayden Chan Gurney 

Elmer Thomas C. Wayland Brooks 

Millard E. Tydings Clyde M. Reed 

Richard B. Russell Joseph H. Ball 

Patrick A. McCarran Raymond E. Willis 

John H. Overton Homer Ferguson 

John H. Bankhead II 3 Kenneth S. Wherry 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Guy Cordon 4

Theodore F. Green 

Dennis Chavez 

James M. Mead 

Burnet R. Maybank 

Abe Murdock 

——— ——— 

——— ——— 

1 Deceased May 28, 1946. 

2Appointed chairman May 31, 1946. 

3 Deceased June 12, 1946. 

4 Elected to Committee December 18, 1945. 

Note: Dash line indicates vacancy. 
114 

EIGHTIETH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1947–December 19, 1947 

[Appointed to Committee by S. Res. 18, agreed to January 6, 1947.] 

Styles Bridges, chairman Kenneth McKellar 

Chan Gurney Carl T. Hayden 

C. Wayland Brooks Elmer Thomas 

Clyde M. Reed Millard E. Tydings 

Joseph H. Ball Richard B. Russell 

Homer Ferguson Patrick A. McCarran 

Kenneth S. Wherry John H. Overton 

Guy Cordon Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

Leverett Saltonstall Theodore Francis Green 

Milton R. Young 

William F. Knowland 

Henry C. Dworshak 

Second session—January 6, 1948–December 31, 1948 

Styles Bridges, chairman Kenneth McKellar 

Chan Gurney Carl T. Hayden 

C. Wayland Brooks Elmer Thomas 

Clyde M. Reed Millard E. Tydings 

Joseph H. Ball Richard B. Russell 

Homer Ferguson Patrick A. McCarran 

Kenneth S. Wherry John H. Overton 1

Guy Cordon Joseph C. O’Mahoney 

Leverett Saltonstall Theodore Francis Green 

Milton R. Young Dennis Chavez 2

William F. Knowland 

Henry C. Dworshak 

1 Deceased May 14, 1948. 

2Appointed May 26, 1948. 

EIGHTY-FIRST CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1949–October 19, 1949 

Kenneth McKellar, chairman Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Chan Gurney 

Elmer Thomas Clyde M. Reed 2

Richard B. Russell, Jr. Homer Ferguson 

Patrick A. McCarran Kenneth S. Wherry 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Guy Cordon 

Dennis Chavez Leverett Saltonstall 

Burnet R. Maybank Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender William F. Knowland 3

J. Lister Hill 

Harley M. Kilgore 

John L. McClellan 

A. Willis Robertson 1

1 Excused from further service July 26, 1949. 

2 Deceased November 8, 1949. 

3Appointed July 26, 1949. 
115 

Second session—January 3, 1950–January 2, 1951 

Kenneth McKellar, chairman Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Chan Gurney 

Elmer Thomas Homer Ferguson 

Richard B. Russell Kenneth S. Wherry 

Patrick A. McCarran Guy Cordon 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Burnet R. Maybank William F. Knowland 

Allen J. Ellender 

J. Lister Hill 

Harley M. Kilgore 

John L. McClellan 

A. Willis Robertson 1

1Appointed January 12, 1950. 

EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1951–October 20, 1951 1

Kenneth McKellar, chairman Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Homer Ferguson 

Richard B. Russell Kenneth S. Wherry 

Patrick A. McCarran Guy Cordon 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Burnet R. Maybank William F. Knowland 

Allen J. Ellender Edward J. Thye 

J. Lister Hill Zales N. Ecton 

Harley M. Kilgore Joseph R. McCarthy 3

John L. McClellan 

A. Willis Robertson 2

1 Order naming Committee agreed to January 15, 1951. 

2Assigned to service on Committee May 21, 1951. 

3 Excused from further service May 21, 1951. 

Second session—January 8, 1952–July 1, 1952 

Kenneth McKellar, chairman Styles Bridges 

Carl T. Hayden Homer Ferguson 

Richard B. Russell Guy Cordon 

Patrick A. McCarran Leverett Saltonstall 

Joseph C. O’Mahoney Milton R. Young 

Dennis Chavez William F. Knowland 

Burnet R. Maybank Edward J. Thye 

Allen J. Ellender Zales N. Ecton 

J. Lister Hill Joseph R. McCarthy 

Harley M. Kilgore 

John L. McClellan 

A. Willis Robertson 
116 

EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1953–August 3, 1953 1

Styles Bridges, chairman Carl T. Hayden 

Homer Ferguson Richard B. Russell 

Guy Cordon Patrick A. McCarran 

Leverett Saltonstall Dennis Chavez 

Milton R. Young Burnet R. Maybank 

William F. Knowland Allen J. Ellender 

Edward J. Thye J. Lister Hill 

Joseph R. McCarthy Harley M. Kilgore 

Karl E. Mundt John L. McClellan 

Margaret Chase Smith A. Willis Robertson 

Henry C. Dworshak Warren G. Magnuson 

Everett M. Dirksen 

1Appointed January 13, 1953. 

Second session—January 6, 1954–December 2, 1954 

Styles Bridges, chairman Carl T. Hayden 

Homer Ferguson Richard B. Russell 

Guy Cordon Patrick A. McCarran 1

Leverett Saltonstall Dennis Chavez 

Milton R. Young Burnet R. Maybank 2

William F. Knowland Allen J. Ellender 

Edward J. Thye J. Lister Hill 

Joseph R. McCarthy Harley M. Kilgore 

Karl E. Mundt John L. McClellan 

Margaret Chase Smith A. Willis Robertson 

Henry C. Dworshak Warren G. Magnuson 

Everett M. Dirksen 

1 Deceased September 28, 1954. 

2 Deceased September 1, 1954. 

EIGHTY-FOURTH CONGRESS

First session—January 5, 1955–August 2, 1955 1

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Styles Bridges 

Richard B. Russell Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender William F. Knowland 

J. Lister Hill Edward J. Thye 

Harley M. Kilgore Joseph R. McCarthy 

John L. McClellan Karl E. Mundt 

A. Willis Robertson Margaret Chase Smith 

Warren G. Magnuson Henry C. Dworshak 

Spessard L. Holland Everett M. Dirksen 

John C. Stennis Charles E. Potter 

Earle C. Clements 

1Appointed January 11, 1955. 
117 

Second session—January 3, 1956–July 27, 1956 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Styles Bridges 

Richard B. Russell Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender William F. Knowland 

J. Lister Hill Edward J. Thye 

Harley M. Kilgore 1 Joseph R. McCarthy 

John L. McClellan Karl E. Mundt 

A. Willis Robertson Margaret Chase Smith 

Warren G. Magnuson Henry C. Dworshak 

Spessard L. Holland Everett M. Dirksen 

John C. Stennis Charles E. Potter 

Earle C. Clements 

Lyndon B. Johnson 2

1 Deceased February 28, 1956. 

2Appointed March 22, 1956. 

EIGHTY-FIFTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1957–August 30, 1957 1

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Styles Bridges 

Richard B. Russell Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender William F. Knowland 

J. Lister Hill Edward J. Thye 

John L. McClellan Joseph R. McCarthy 2

A. Willis Robertson Karl E. Mundt 

Warren G. Magnuson Margaret Chase Smith 

Spessard L. Holland Henry C. Dworshak 

John C. Stennis Everett M. Dirksen 

Lyndon B. Johnson Charles E. Potter 

John O. Pastore Irving M. Ives 3

1Appointed January 9, 1957. 

2 Deceased May 2, 1957. 

3Appointed May 22, 1957. 

Second session—January 7, 1958–August 24, 1958 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Styles Bridges 

Richard B. Russell Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender William F. Knowland 

J. Lister Hill Edward J. Thye 

John L. McClellan Karl E. Mundt 

A. Willis Robertson Margaret Chase Smith 

Warren G. Magnuson Henry C. Dworshak 

Spessard L. Holland Everett M. Dirksen 

John C. Stennis Charles E. Potter 

Lyndon B. Johnson Irving M. Ives 

John O. Pastore 
118 

EIGHTY-SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—January 7, 1959–September 15, 1959 

Second session—January 6, 1960–September 1, 1960 

Committee membership (majority)—January 14, 1959 

Committee membership (minority)—January 20, 1959 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Styles Bridges 

Richard B. Russell Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender Karl E. Mundt 

J. Lister Hill Margaret Chase Smith 

John L. McClellan Henry Dworshak 

A. Willis Robertson Thomas H. Kuchel 

Warren G. Magnuson Roman L. Hruska 

Spessard L. Holland Gordon L. Allott 

John C. Stennis 

Lyndon B. Johnson 

John O. Pastore 

Estes Kefauver 

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Thomas J. Dodd 

Gale W. McGee 

EIGHTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1961–September 27, 1961 

Committee membership (majority)—January 10, 1961 

Committee membership (minority)—January 13, 1961 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Styles Bridges 1 

Richard B. Russell Leverett Saltonstall 

Dennis Chavez Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender Karl E. Mundt 

J. Lister Hill Margaret Chase Smith 

John L. McClellan Henry Dworshak 

A. Willis Robertson Thomas H. Kuchel 

Warren G. Magnuson Roman L. Hruska 

Spessard L. Holland Gordon L. Allott 

John C. Stennis Andrew F. Schoeppel 

John O. Pastore 

Estes Kefauver 

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Gale W. McGee 

Hubert H. Humphrey 

1 Deceased November 26, 1961. 
119 

Second session—January 10, 1962–October 13, 1962 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Leverett Saltonstall 

Richard B. Russell Milton R. Young 

Dennis Chavez 1 Karl E. Mundt 

Allen J. Ellender Margaret Chase Smith 

J. Lister Hill Henry Dworshak 2

John L. McClellan Thomas H. Kuchel 

A. Willis Robertson Roman L. Hruska 

Warren G. Magnuson Gordon L. Allott 

Spessard L. Holland Andrew F. Schoeppel 3

John C. Stennis Norris H. Cotton 4

John O. Pastore Clifford P. Case 4

Estes Kefauver Jacob K. Javits 5

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Gale W. McGee 

Hubert H. Humphrey 

1 Deceased November 18, 1962. 

2 Deceased July 23, 1962. 

3 Deceased January 21, 1962. 

4Appointed February 2, 1962. 

5Appointed August 8, 1962. 

Membership increased for the majority (S. Res. 90, 88th, 1st). 

EIGHTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS

First session—January 9, 1963–December 30, 1963 

Committee membership (majority)—January 10, 1961 

Committee membership (minority)—January 13, 1961 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Leverett Saltonstall 

Richard B. Russell Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender Karl E. Mundt 

J. Lister Hill Margaret Chase Smith 

John L. McClellan Thomas H. Kuchel 

A. Willis Robertson Roman L. Hruska 

Warren G. Magnuson Gordon L. Allott 

Spessard L. Holland Norris H. Cotton 

John C. Stennis Clifford P. Case 

John O. Pastore 

Estes Kefauver 1

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Gale W. McGee 

Hubert H. Humphrey 

Michael J. Mansfield 

E.L. Bartlett 

William Proxmire 2

1 Deceased August 10, 1963. 

2Appointed August 23, 1963. 
120 

Second session—January 7, 1964–October 3, 1964 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Leverett Saltonstall 

Richard B. Russell Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender Karl E. Mundt 

J. Lister Hill Margaret Chase Smith 

John L. McClellan Thomas H. Kuchel 

A. Willis Robertson Roman L. Hruska 

Warren G. Magnuson Gordon L. Allott 

Spessard L. Holland Norris H. Cotton 

John C. Stennis Clifford P. Case 

John O. Pastore 

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Gale W. McGee 

Hubert H. Humphrey 1

Michael J. Mansfield 

E.L. Bartlett 

William Proxmire 

1Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey resigned from the Senate December 29, 1964. 

EIGHTY-NINTH CONGRESS

First session—January 4, 1965–October 23, 1965 

Second session—January 10, 1966–October 22, 1966 

Committee membership (majority)—January 8, 1965 

Committee membership (minority)—January 15, 1965 

Carl T. Hayden, chairman Leverett Saltonstall 

Richard B. Russell Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender Karl E. Mundt 

J. Lister Hill Margaret Chase Smith 

John L. McClellan Thomas H. Kuchel 

A. Willis Robertson Roman L. Hruska 

Warren G. Magnuson Gordon L. Allott 

Spessard L. Holland Norris H. Cotton 

John C. Stennis Clifford P. Case 

John O. Pastore 

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Gale W. McGee 

Michael J. Mansfield 

E.L. Bartlett 

William Proxmire 

Ralph Yarborough 
121 

NINETIETH CONGRESS

First session—January 10, 1967–December 15, 1967 

Second session—January 15, 1968–October 14, 1968 

Committee membership (majority)—January 11, 1967 

Committee membership (minority)—January 16, 1967 

Carl Hayden, chairman Milton R. Young 

Richard B. Russell Karl E. Mundt 

Allen J. Ellender Margaret Chase Smith 

J. Lister Hill Thomas H. Kuchel 

John L. McClellan Roman L. Hruska 

Warren G. Magnuson Gordon L. Allott 

Spessard L. Holland Norris H. Cotton 

John C. Stennis Clifford P. Case 

John O. Pastore Jacob K. Javits 

A.S. Mike Monroney 

Alan H. Bible 

Robert C. Byrd 

Gale W. McGee 

Michael J. Mansfield 

E.L. Bartlett 1

William Proxmire 

Ralph Yarborough 

1 Deceased December 11, 1968. 

NINETY-FIRST CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1969–December 23, 1969 

Second session—January 19, 1970–January 2, 1971 

Committee membership—January 14, 1969 

Richard B. Russell, chairman Milton R. Young 

Allen J. Ellender Karl E. Mundt 

John L. McClellan Margaret Chase Smith 

Warren G. Magnuson Roman L. Hruska 

Spessard L. Holland Gordon L. Allott 

John C. Stennis Norris H. Cotton 

John O. Pastore Clifford P. Case 

Alan H. Bible Hiram L. Fong 

Robert C. Byrd J. Caleb Boggs 

Gale W. McGee James B. Pearson 

Michael J. Mansfield 

William Proxmire 

Ralph Yarborough 

Joseph M. Montoya 
122 

NINETY-SECOND CONGRESS

First session—January 21, 1971—December 17, 1971 

Second session—January 18, 1972—October 18, 1972 

Committee membership (majority)—January 28, 1971 

Committee membership (minority)—January 29, 1971 

Allen J. Ellender, chairman 1 Milton R. Young 

John L. McClellan Karl E. Mundt 

Warren G. Magnuson Margaret Chase Smith 

John C. Stennis Roman L. Hruska 

John O. Pastore Gordon L. Allott 

Alan H. Bible Norris H. Cotton 

Robert C. Byrd Clifford P. Case 

Gale W. McGee Hiram L. Fong 

Michael J. Mansfield J. Caleb Boggs 

William Proxmire Charles H. Percy 

Joseph M. Montoya Edward W. Brooke 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

1Appointed chairman January 28, 1971. 

Second session—January 18, 1972–October 18, 1972 

Allen J. Ellender, chairman 1 Milton R. Young 

John L. McClellan, chairman 2 Karl E. Mundt 4

Warren G. Magnuson Margaret Chase Smith 

John C. Stennis Roman L. Hruska 

John O. Pastore Gordon L. Allott 

Alan H. Bible Norris H. Cotton 

Robert C. Byrd Clifford P. Case 

Gale W. McGee Hiram L. Fong 

Michael J. Mansfield J. Caleb Boggs 

William Proxmire Charles H. Percy 4

Joseph M. Montoya Edward W. Brooke 

Daniel K. Inouye Mark O. Hatfield 5

Ernest F. Hollings Ted Stevens 5

Birch E. Bayh 3

1 Deceased July 27, 1972. 

2 Elected chairman August 2, 1972 (S. Res. 337, 92/2). 

3Assigned August 2, 1972. 

4Reassigned February 23, 1972. 

5Assigned to committee February 23, 1972. 
123 

NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1973–December 22, 1973 

Second session—January 21, 1974–December 20, 1974 

Committee membership (majority)—January 4, 1973 

Committee membership (minority)—January 12, 1973 

John L. McClellan, chairman Milton R. Young 

Warren G. Magnuson Roman L. Hruska 

John C. Stennis Norris H. Cotton 

John O. Pastore Clifford P. Case 

Alan H. Bible 1 Hiram L. Fong 

Robert C. Byrd Edward W. Brooke 

Gale W. McGee Mark O. Hatfield 

Michael J. Mansfield Ted Stevens 

William Proxmire Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. 

Joseph M. Montoya Richard S. Schweiker 

Daniel K. Inouye Henry L. Bellmon 

Ernest F. Hollings Paul D. Laxalt 2

Birch E. Bayh 

Thomas F. Eagleton 

Lawton M. Chiles 

1Reassigned December 17, 1974. 

2 Elected December 18, 1974. 

NINETY-FOURTH CONGRESS

First session—January 14, 1975–December 19, 1975 

Second session—January 19, 1976–October 1, 1976 

Committee membership (majority)—January 17, 1975 

Committee membership (minority)—January 23, 1975 

John L. McClellan, chairman Milton R. Young 

Warren G. Magnuson Roman L. Hruska 

John C. Stennis Clifford P. Case 

John O. Pastore Hiram L. Fong 

Robert C. Byrd Edward W. Brooke 

Gale W. McGee Mark O. Hatfield 

Michael J. Mansfield Ted Stevens 

William Proxmire Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. 

Joseph M. Montoya Richard S. Schweiker 

Daniel K. Inouye Henry L. Bellmon 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Birch E. Bayh 

Thomas F. Eagleton 

Lawton M. Chiles 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Walter D. Huddleston 
124 

NINETY-FIFTH CONGRESS

First session—January 4, 1977–December 15, 1977 

Second session—January 19, 1978–October 15, 1978 

Committee membership—January 10, 1977 

John L. McClellan, chairman 1 Milton R. Young 

Warren G. Magnuson 2 Clifford P. Case 

John C. Stennis Edward W. Brooke 

Robert C. Byrd Mark O. Hatfield 

William Proxmire Ted Stevens 

Daniel K. Inouye Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. 

Ernest F. Hollings Richard S. Schweiker 

Birch E. Bayh Henry L. Bellmon 

Thomas F. Eagleton Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. 

Lawton M. Chiles 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Walter D. Huddleston 

Quentin N. Burdick 

Patrick J. Leahy 

James R. Sasser 

Paul S. Sarbanes 3

John Melcher 3

Donald W. Riegle, Jr.3

Dennis W. DeConcini 

1 Died November 28, 1977. 

2Appointed chairman January 27, 1978. 

3Temporary assignment from January 10–February 11, 1978. 

Second session—January 19, 1978–October 15, 1978 

Committee membership (majority)—February 11, 1977 

Committee membership (minority)—February 22, 1977 

Warren G. Magnuson, chairman Milton R. Young 

John C. Stennis Clifford P. Case 

Robert C. Byrd Edward W. Brooke 

William Proxmire Mark O. Hatfield 

Daniel K. Inouye Ted Stevens 

Ernest F. Hollings Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. 

Birch E. Bayh Richard S. Schweiker 

Thomas F. Eagleton Henry L. Bellmon 

Lawton M. Chiles Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Walter D. Huddleston 

Quentin N. Burdick 

Patrick J. Leahy 

James R. Sasser 

Dennis W. DeConcini 

Dale Bumpers 1

1 Elected to committee July 27, 1978. 
125 

NINETY-SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—January 15, 1979–January 3, 1980 

Second session—January 3, 1980–December 16, 1980 

Committee membership (majority)—January 23, 1979 

Committee membership (minority)—January 24, 1979 

Warren G. Magnuson, chairman Milton R. Young 

John C. Stennis Mark O. Hatfield 

Robert C. Byrd Ted Stevens 

William Proxmire Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. 

Daniel K. Inouye Richard S. Schweiker 

Ernest F. Hollings Henry L. Bellmon 

Birch E. Bayh Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. 

Thomas F. Eagleton James A. McClure 

Lawton M. Chiles Paul D. Laxalt 

J. Bennett Johnston Jake Garn 

Walter D. Huddleston Harrison H. Schmitt 

Quentin N. Burdick 

Patrick J. Leahy 

James R. Sasser 

Dennis W. DeConcini 

Dale Bumpers 

John A. Durkin 

NINETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

First session—January 5, 1981–December 16, 1981 

Second session—January 25, 1982–December 21, 1982 

Committee membership—January 5, 1981 

Mark O. Hatfield, chairman William Proxmire 

Ted Stevens John C. Stennis 

Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. Robert C. Byrd 

James A. McClure Daniel K. Inouye 

Paul D. Laxalt Ernest F. Hollings 

Jake Garn Thomas F. Eagleton 

Harrison Schmitt Lawton M. Chiles 

Thad Cochran J. Bennett Johnston 

Mark Andrews Walter D. Huddleston 

James Abdnor Quentin N. Burdick 

Robert W. Kasten, Jr. Patrick J. Leahy 

Alfonse M. D’Amato James R. Sasser 

Mack F. Mattingly Dennis W. DeConcini 

Warren B. Rudman Dale Bumpers 

Arlen Specter 
126 

NINETY-EIGHTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1983–November 18, 1983 

Second session—January 23, 1984–October 12, 1984 

Committee membership—January 3, 1983 

Mark O. Hatfield, chairman John C. Stennis 

Ted Stevens Robert C. Byrd 

Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. William Proxmire 

James A. McClure Daniel K. Inouye 

Paul D. Laxalt Ernest F. Hollings 

Jake Garn Thomas F. Eagleton 

Thad Cochran Lawton M. Chiles 

Mark Andrews J. Bennett Johnston 

James Abdnor Walter D. Huddleston 

Robert W. Kasten, Jr. Quentin N. Burdick 

Alfonse M. D’Amato Patrick J. Leahy 

Mack F. Mattingly James R. Sasser 

Warren B. Rudman Dennis W. DeConcini 

Arlen Specter Dale Bumpers 

Pete V. Domenici 

NINETY-NINTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1985–December 20, 1985 

Second session—January 21, 1986–October 18, 1986 

Committee membership—February 21, 1985 

Mark O. Hatfield, chairman John C. Stennis 

Ted Stevens Robert C. Byrd 

Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. William Proxmire 

James A. McClure Daniel K. Inouye 

Paul D. Laxalt Ernest F. Hollings 

Jake Garn Lawton M. Chiles 

Thad Cochran J. Bennett Johnston 

Mark Andrews Quentin N. Burdick 

James Abdnor Patrick J. Leahy 

Robert W. Kasten, Jr. James R. Sasser 

Alfonse M. D’Amato Dennis W. DeConcini 

Mack F. Mattingly Dale Bumpers 

Warren B. Rudman Frank R. Lautenberg 

Arlen Specter Tom Harkin 

Pete V. Domenici 
127 

ONE HUNDREDTH CONGRESS

First session—January 6, 1987–December 22, 1987 

Second session—January 25, 1988–October 22, 1988 

Committee membership—January 6, 1987 

John C. Stennis, chairman Mark O. Hatfield 

Robert C. Byrd Ted Stevens 

William Proxmire Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. 

Daniel K. Inouye James A. McClure 

Ernest F. Hollings Jake Garn 

Lawton M. Chiles Thad Cochran 

J. Bennett Johnston Robert W. Kasten, Jr. 

Quentin N. Burdick Alfonse M. D’Amato 

Patrick J. Leahy Warren B. Rudman 

James R. Sasser Arlen Specter 

Dennis W. DeConcini Pete V. Domenici 

Dale Bumpers Charles E. Grassley 

Frank R. Lautenberg Don Nickles 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

ONE HUNDRED FIRST CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1989–November 22, 1989 

Second session—January 3, 1990–October 28, 1990 

Committee membership—February 2, 1989 

Robert C. Byrd, chairman 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Quentin N. Burdick 

Patrick J. Leahy 

James R. Sasser 

Dennis W. DeConcini 

Dale Bumpers 

Frank R. Lautenberg 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Brock Adams 

Wyche Fowler, Jr. 

J. Robert Kerrey 

Mark O. Hatfield 

Ted Stevens 

James A. McClure 

Jake Garn 

Thad Cochran 

Robert W. Kasten, Jr. 

Alfonse M. D’Amato 

Warren B. Rudman 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Charles E. Grassley 

Don Nickles 

Phil Gramm 
128 

ONE HUNDRED SECOND CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 1991–January 3, 1992 

Second session—January 3, 1992–October 9, 1992 

Committee membership—February 5, 1991 

Robert C. Byrd, chairman 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Quentin N. Burdick 1

Patrick J. Leahy 

James R. Sasser 

Dennis W. DeConcini 

Dale Bumpers 

Frank R. Lautenberg 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Brock Adams 

Wyche Fowler, Jr. 

J. Robert Kerrey 

Kent Conrad 2

Mark O. Hatfield 

Ted Stevens 

Jake Garn 

Thad Cochran 

Robert W. Kasten, Jr. 

Alfonse M. D’Amato 

Warren B. Rudman 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Don Nickles 

Phil Gramm 

Christopher S. Bond 

Slade Gorton 

1 Died September 8, 1992. 

2Appointed to Committee September 18, 1992. 

ONE HUNDRED THIRD CONGRESS

First session—January 5, 1993–November 26, 1993 

Second session—January 25, 1994–December 1, 1994 

Committee membership—January 7, 1993 

Robert C. Byrd, chairman 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Patrick J. Leahy 

James R. Sasser 

Dennis W. DeConcini 

Dale Bumpers 

Frank R. Lautenberg 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

J. Robert Kerrey 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Dianne Feinstein 

Mark O. Hatfield 

Ted Stevens 

Thad Cochran 

Alfonse M. D’Amato 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Don Nickles 

Phil Gramm 

Christopher S. Bond 

Slade Gorton 

Mitch McConnell 

Connie Mack 

Conrad Burns 
129 

ONE HUNDRED FOURTH CONGRESS

First session—January 4, 1995–January 3, 1996 

Second session—January 3, 1996–October 4, 1996 

Committee membership—January 4, 1995 

Mark O. Hatfield, chairman 

Ted Stevens 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Phil Gramm 1

Christopher S. Bond 

Slade Gorton 

Mitch McConnell 

Connie Mack 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

James M. Jeffords 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 2

Robert C. Byrd 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

J. Bennett Johnston 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Dale Bumpers 

Frank R. Lautenberg 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

J. Robert Kerrey 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

1Reassigned October 12, 1995. 

2Appointed to Committee October 12, 1995. 

ONE HUNDRED FIFTH CONGRESS

First session—January 7, 1997–November 13, 1997 

Second session—January 27, 1998–December 19, 1998 

Committee membership—January 9, 1997 

Ted Stevens, chairman 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Slade Gorton 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 

Larry Craig 

Lauch Faircloth 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Robert C. Byrd 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Dale Bumpers 

Frank R. Lautenberg 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron Dorgan 

Barbara Boxer 
130 

ONE HUNDRED SIXTH CONGRESS

First session—January 6, 1999–November 22, 1999 

Second session—Janary 24, 2000–December 15, 2000 

Committee membership—January 7, 1999 

Ted Stevens, Chairman 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Slade Gorton 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 

Larry Craig 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Jon Kyl 

Robert C. Byrd 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Frank R. Lautenberg 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron L. Dorgan 

Dianne Feinstein 

Richard J. Durbin 

ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS

First session—January 3, 2001–December 20, 2001 

Second session—January 23, 2002–November 22, 2002 

Committee membership—January 25, 2001 

Ted Stevens, Chairman 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 

Larry Craig 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Mike DeWine 

Robert C. Byrd 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron L. Dorgan 

Dianne Feinstein 

Richard J. Durbin 

Tim Johnson 

Mary L. Landrieu 
131 

Committee membership—June 5, 2001 

Robert C. Byrd, Chairman 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron L. Dorgan 

Dianne Feinstein 

Richard J. Durbin 

Ted Stevens 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 

Larry Craig 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Jon Kyl 

Committee membership—July 10, 2001 

Robert C. Byrd, Chairman 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron L. Dorgan 

Dianne Feinstein 

Richard J. Durbin 

Tim Johnson 

Mary L. Landrieu 

Jack Reed 

Ted Stevens 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 

Larry Craig 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Mike DeWine 

ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS

First session—January 7, 2003–December 8, 2003 

Second session—January 20, 2004–December 7, 2004 

Committee membership—January 15, 2003 

Ted Stevens, Chairman 

Thad Cochran 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Ben Nighthorse Campbell 

Larry Craig 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Mike DeWine 

Sam Brownback 

Robert C. Byrd 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Ernest F. Hollings 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron L. Dorgan 

Dianne Feinstein 

Richard J. Durbin 

Tim Johnson 

Mary L. Landrieu 
132 

ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS

First session—January 4, 2005– 

Committee membership—January 6, 2005 

Thad Cochran, Chairman 

Ted Stevens 

Arlen Specter 

Pete V. Domenici 

Christopher S. Bond 

Mitch McConnell 

Conrad Burns 

Richard C. Shelby 

Judd Gregg 

Robert F. Bennett 

Larry Craig 

Kay Bailey Hutchison 

Mike DeWine 

Sam Brownback 

Wayne Allard 

Robert C. Byrd 

Daniel K. Inouye 

Patrick J. Leahy 

Tom Harkin 

Barbara A. Mikulski 

Harry Reid 

Herb Kohl 

Patty Murray 

Byron L. Dorgan 

Dianne Feinstein 

Richard J. Durbin 

Tim Johnson 

Mary L. Landrieu 
133 

Subcommittee Memberships 

FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS 

First session 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Windom, Allison, Davis. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Windom, Dorsey, Beck. 

FORTIFICATION

Senator Windom. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Windom, Allison, Eaton. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Included in Sundry Civil Act. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Sargent, Blaine, Withers. 

Second session 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Windom, Allison, Beck. 

Special session 

Senators Beck, Davis, Allison. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Windom, Dorsey, Davis. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Dorsey, Blaine, Wallace. 

ARMY

Senators Blaine, Allison, Withers. 

Special session 

Senators Withers, Wallace, Blaine. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senator Windom. 

FORTIFICATION

Senator Windom. 

NAVAL

Senator Windom. 

INDIAN

Senators Windom, Allison, With- ers. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senator Windom. 

PENSIONS

Senator Windom. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Allison, Dorsey, Wallace. 

FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS 

First session 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Davis, Wallace, Allison. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Beck, Davis, Windom. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Windom, Blaine, Withers. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senators Eaton, Davis, Windom. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Wallace, Beck, Booth. 

ARMY

Senators Withers, Eaton, Blaine. 

NAVY

Senators Blaine, Wallace, Eaton. 

INDIAN

Senators Wallace, Beck, Allison. 
134 

PENSIONS

Senators Booth, Withers, Allison. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Allison, Beck, Booth. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Withers, Beck, Blaine. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Eaton, Wallace, Booth. 

Second session 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Davis, Wallace, Allison. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Beck, Davis, Windom. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Windom, Blaine, Withers. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senators Eaton, Davis, Windom. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Wallace, Beck, Booth. 

ARMY

Senators Withers, Eaton, Blaine. 

NAVY

Senators Windom, Davis, Withers. 

INDIAN

Senators Wallace, Beck, Windom. 

PENSIONS

Senators Booth, Withers, Allison. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Allison, Beck, Booth. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Withers, Beck, Blaine. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Wallace, Davis, Booth. 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Davis, Withers, Windom. 

FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS 

First session 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Allison, Dawes, Davis. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

ARMY

Senators Logan, Plumb, Ransom. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Logan, Davis. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Plumb, Allison, Beck. 

INDIAN

Senators Dawes, Plumb, Ransom. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senators Beck, Allison, Logan. 

PENSIONS

Senators Logan, Dawes, Davis. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Hale, Ransom, Cockrell. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Dawes, Logan, Beck. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Plumb, Dawes, Cockrell. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Allison, Hale, Cockrell. 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Davis, Hale, Plumb. 

Second session 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Allison, Dawes, Davis. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

ARMY

Senators Logan, Plumb, Ransom. 
135 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Logan, Davis. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Plumb, Allison, Beck. 

INDIAN

Senators Dawes, Plumb, Ransom. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

PENSIONS

Senators Logan, Dawes, Davis. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Logan, Ransom, Cockrell. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Dawes, Logan, Beck. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Plumb, Dawes, Cockrell. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Cockrell. 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Davis, Hale, Plumb. 

FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS 

First and second sessions 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Allison, Dawes, Cockrell. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

ARMY

Senators Logan, Plumb, Ransom. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Logan, Beck. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Plumb, Allison, Beck. 

INDIAN

Senators Dawes, Plumb, Ransom. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

PENSIONS

Senators Logan, Dawes, Call. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Logan, Ransom, Call. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Dawes, Logan, Cockrell. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Plumb, Dawes, Cockrell. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Cockrell. 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Hale, Plumb, Call. 

FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS 

First and second sessions 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Allison, Dawes, Cockrell. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Cockrell. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Plumb, Dawes, Cockrell. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Dawes, Logan, Gorman. 

PENSIONS

Senators Logan, Dawes, Gorman. 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Mahone, Plumb, Call. 

ARMY

Senators Logan, Plumb, Gorman. 

CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

INDIAN

Senators Dawes, Plumb, Call. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Logan, Mahone, Call. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Logan, Beck. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Plumb, Mahone, Beck. 
136 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS 

First session 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Plumb, Farwell, Call. 

ARMY

Senators Allison, Plumb, Gorman. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Cockrell. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Allison, Beck. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Plumb, Dawes, Cockrell. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Dawes, Plumb, Gorman. 

INDIAN

Senators Dawes, Plumb, Call. 

LEGISLATIVE, ETC. 

Senators Allison, Dawes, Cockrell. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Allison, Farwell, Call. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Farwell, Beck. 

PENSIONS

Senators Allison, Dawes, Gorman. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Plumb, Allison, Beck. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Beck. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS 

First and second sessions 

AGRICULTURAL

Senators Allison, Cullom, Call. 

ARMY

Senators Stewart, Allison, Blackburn. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Cockrell. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Allison, Blackburn. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Allison, Dawes, Cockrell. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Dawes, Stewart, Gorman. 

INDIAN

Senators Dawes, Cullom, Call. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Dawes, Allison, Cockrell. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Cullom, Stewart, Call. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Allison, Gorman. 

PENSIONS

Senators Stewart, Cullom, Gorman. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Cullom, Stewart, Blackburn. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Gorman. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS 

Second and third sessions 

AGRICULTURE

Senators Call, Brice, Cullom. 

ARMY

Senators Blackburn, Cockrell, Teller. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Cockrell, Brice, Hale. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Blackburn, Brice, Hale. 
137 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Gorman, Cockrell, Allison. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Call, Blackburn, Hale. 

INDIAN

Senators Call, Cockrell, Teller. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cockrell, Call, Allison. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Brice, Call, Teller. 

NAVY

Senators Gorman, Blackburn, Hale. 

PENSIONS

Senators Brice, Gorman, Cullom. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Blackburn, Gorman, Cullom. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Cockrell, Gorman, Allison. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS 

First and second sessions 

AGRICULTURE

Senators Cullom, Quay, Pettigrew, 

Call, Brice. 

ARMY

Senators Quay, Hale, Pettigrew, 

Blackburn, Faulkner. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Quay, 

Cockrell, Brice. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Perkins, Cullom, 

Blackburn, Faulkner. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Teller, Allison, Cullom, 

Cockrell, Gorman. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Hale, Cullom, 

Gorman, Call. 

INDIAN

Senators Pettigrew, Teller, Allison, 

Cockrell, Call. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Teller, Allison, 

Cockrell, Call. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Teller, Pettigrew, Perkins, 

Brice, Call. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Quay, Perkins, Gorman, Blackburn. 

PENSIONS

Senators Allison, Cullom, Perkins, 

Brice, Faulkner. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Allison, Pettigrew, Quay, 

Blackburn, Faulkner. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Teller, 

Gorman, Cockrell. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS 

Second session 

AGRICULTURE

Senators Cullom, Quay, Perkins, 

Pettigrew, Berry. 

ARMY

Senators Quay, Hale, Sewell, Faulkner, Berry. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Quay, 

Cockrell, Teller. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Perkins, Cullom, 

Faulkner, Murphy. 
138 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Allison, Cullom, Sewell, 

Cockrell, Gorman. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Hale, Cullom, 

Murphy, Gorman. 

INDIAN

Senators Allison, Perkins, Sewell, 

Cockrell, Pettigrew. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Sewell, Allison, 

Teller, Cockrell. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Sewell, Perkins, Quay, 

Teller, Murphy. 

NAVY

Senators Hale, Quay, Perkins, Gorman, Teller. 

PENSIONS

Senators Perkins, Cullom, Sewell, 

Berry, Faulkner. 

POST OFFICE

Senators Quay, Allison, Cullom, 

Pettigrew, Faulkner. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Quay, Gorman, Cockrell. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS 

First session 

AGRICULTURE

Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. 

ARMY

Senators Hawley, Proctor, Carter, 

Cockrell, Harris. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Carter, Teller, Cockrell. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Cullom, Wetmore, 

Teller, Berry. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Allison, Sewell, Carter, 

Cockrell, Tillman. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Wetmore, Pettigrew, Tillman. 

INDIAN

Senators Thurston, Orville H. Platt 

of Connecticut, Quarles, Jones, Pettigrew. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Sewell, Warren, 

Teller, Pettigrew. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Sewell, Warren, Bate. 

NAVY

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

PENSIONS

Committee on Pensions. 

POST OFFICE

Committee on Post Offices and 

Post Roads. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Perkins, 

Cockrell, Berry. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS 

First session 

AGRICULTURE

Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. 

ARMY

Senators Hawley, Proctor, Foraker, 

Cockrell, Harris. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, McMillan, 

Teller, Cockrell. 
139 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Cullom, Wetmore, 

Teller, Berry. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Allison, McMillan, Quay, 

Cockrell, Tillman. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Quay, 

Tillman, Daniel. 

INDIAN

Senators Stewart, Orville H. Platt 

of Connecticut, Quarles, James K. 

Jones of Arkansas, Rawlins. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Warren, Wetmore, Teller, Daniel. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Warren, Burrows, Bate. 

NAVY

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

PENSIONS

Committee on Pensions. 

POST OFFICE

Committee on Post Offices and 

Post Roads. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Perkins, 

Cockrell, Berry. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS 

Second session 

AGRICULTURE

Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. 

ARMY

Senators Proctor, Quarles, Scott, 

Cockrell, Pettus. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Gallinger, 

Teller. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Cullom, Elkins, Teller, Berry. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Allison, Gallinger, Wetmore, Cockrell, Tillman. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Elkins, 

Tillman, Daniel. 

INDIAN

Senators Stewart, Orville H. Platt 

of Connecticut, McCumber, Dubois, 

William A. Clark of Montana. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Warren, Wetmore, Teller, Daniel. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Warren, Alger, Bate. 

NAVY

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

PENSIONS

Committee on Pensions. 

POST OFFICE

Committee on Post Offices and 

Post Roads. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Perkins, 

Cockrell, Berry. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

FIFTY-NINTH CONGRESS 

First session 

AGRICULTURE

Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. 

ARMY

Senators Warren, Foraker, Alger, 

Lodge, Bulkeley, Blackburn, Taliaferro, Foster. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Gallinger, 

Teller, Gorman. 
140 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Cullom, Elkins, Teller, Berry. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Allison, Gallinger, Wetmore, Tillman, Gorman. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Elkins, 

Tillman, Daniel. 

INDIAN

Committee on Indian Affairs. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Warren, Wetmore, Teller, Daniel. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Warren, Scott, Hemenway, 

Warner, Pettus, Overman. 

NAVY

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

PENSIONS

Committee on Pensions. 

POST OFFICE

Committee on Post Offices and 

Post Roads. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Perkins, 

Gorman, Berry. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

SIXTIETH CONGRESS 

First session 

AGRICULTURE

Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. 

ARMY

Senators Warren, Foraker, Lodge, 

Bulkeley, Taliaferro, Foster, Overman. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Allison, Gallinger, 

Teller, Clay. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Cullom, Proctor, 

Clay, Foster. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Gallinger, Elkins, Hemenway, Tillman, Foster. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Elkins, 

Tillman, Daniel. 

INDIAN

Senators Clapp, McCumber, Curtis, 

Stone, Paynter. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Cullom, Warren, Hemenway, Teller, Daniel. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Warren, Scott, Hemenway, 

Warner, du Pont, Frazier, McCreary. 

NAVY

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

PENSIONS

Committee on Pensions. 

POST OFFICE

Committee on Post Offices and 

Post Roads. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Allison, Hale, Perkins, 

Teller, Tillman. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS 

Second session 

AGRICULTURE

Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. 

ARMY

Senators Warren, Bulkeley, Warner, 

du Pont, Dixon, Taliaferro, Overman, 

Frazier. 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Gallinger, Curtis, 

Clay, Culberson. 
141 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Kean, Burkett, Clay, 

Foster. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Gallinger, Elkins, Curtis, 

Tillman, Foster. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Elkins, 

Tillman, Daniel. 

INDIAN

Senators Clapp, McCumber, Curtis, 

Stone, Owen. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Warren, Elkins, Burkett, 

Daniel, Foster. 

MILITARY ACADEMY

Senators Warren, Scott, Dick, 

Briggs, Brown, Foster, Johnston. 

NAVY

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

PENSIONS

Committee on Pensions. 

POST OFFICE

Committee on Post Offices and 

Post Roads. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Hale, Perkins, Kean, Tillman, Culberson. 

RIVER AND HARBOR

Committee on Commerce. 

Third session 

DEFICIENCY

Senators Hale, Gallinger, Curtis, 

Culberson, Martin. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Hale, Kean, Burkett, Foster, Overman. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Gallinger, Curtis, Tillman, 

Foster. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Perkins, Warren, Burkett, 

Tillman, Overman. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Warren, Burkett, Kean, 

Foster, Martin. 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Hale, Perkins, Kean, Tillman, Culberson. 

SIXTY-FOURTH CONGRESS 

First session 

SUNDRY CIVIL

Senators Martin, Overman, Chamberlain, Underwood, Warren, Gallinger. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Martin, Overman, Bryan, 

Robinson, Smoot, Oliver. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Smith, Lea, Owen, Robinson, Gallinger, Dillingham, Curtis. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Martin, Bryan, Shafroth, 

Underwood, Warren, Smoot. 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Overman, Lea, Shafroth, 

Robinson, Jones, Dillingham, Curtis. 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Bryan, Owen, Smith, 

Underwood, Oliver, Jones, Townsend. 

PERMANENT APPROPRIATIONS

Senators Tillman, Culberson, Owen, 

Chamberlain, Oliver, Jones, Townsend. 

SIXTY-FIFTH CONGRESS 

NOTE.—There is no official, comprehensive listing of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittees and their 

members for this session of Congress. 

The following list was compiled from 

the records of the subcommittee hearings during the session. 
142 

The session of the Congress for 

which it is known that the Senator 

was a member of the subcommittee is 

indicated in parenthesis. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Martin (2,3), Shafroth 

(2,3), Underwood (2,3), Hardwick 

(2,3), Warren (2,3), Smoot (2,3), Jones 

(WA) (2,3). 

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR

Senators Overman (3), Shafroth (3), 

Smith (MD) (3), Smith (AZ) (3), Pollock (3), Curtis (3), Kenyon (3), 

Calder (3). 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Smith (MD) (2,3), Owen 

(2,3), Robinson (2), Hardwick (2,3), 

Gallinger (2), Dillingham (2), Curtis 

(2,3), Smith (AZ) (3), Jones (WA) (3), 

Weeks (3). 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Underwood (2,3), Owen 

(2,3), Smith (MD) (2,3), Hardwick 

(2,3), Smith (AZ) (2), Jones (WA) (2), 

Kenyon (2,3), Sherman (2,3), Gay (3), 

Calder (3). 

LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND

JUDICIAL

Senators Martin (2,3), Overman 

(2,3), Underwood (2,3), Smott (2,3), 

Warren (2,3). 

SUNDRY CIVIL APPROPRIATIONS

Senators Martin (2), Overman (2), 

Chamberlain (2), Underwood (2), 

Warren (2), Gallinger (2). 

SUPPRESSION OF SPANISH INFLUENZA

Senators Martin (2), Overman (2), 

Owen (2), Smott (2), Jones (WA) (2), 

Weeks (2). 

SIXTY-SIXTH CONGRESS 

NOTE.—There is no official, comprehensive listing of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittees and their 

members for this session of Congress. 

The following list was compiled from 

the records of the subcommittee hearings during the session. 

The session of the Congress for 

which it is known that the Senator 

was a member of the subcommittee is 

indicated in parenthesis. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Warren (1,2), Curtis (1,2), 

Sherman (1,2), Newberry (1,2), Phipps 

(1,2), Underwood (1,2), Smith (MD) 

(1,2), Gay (1,2), Martin (1). 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Curtis (1,2,3), Jones (WA) 

(1,2,3), Sherman (1,2,3), Hale (1,2,3), 

Phipps (1,2,3), Smith (MD) (1,2,3), 

Smith (AZ) (1,2,3), Gay (1,2,3), Harris (1), Glass (2,3). 

FORTIFICATIONS

Senators Smoot (2,3), Kenyon (2,3), 

Hale (2,3), Spencer (2,3), Newberry 

(2,3), Overman (2,3), Owen (2,3), 

Culberson (2,3), Harris (2,3). 

LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND

JUDICIAL

Senators Warren (2,3), Smoot (2,3), 

Kenyon (2,3), Gronna (2,3), Overman 

(2,3), Underwood (2), Smith (AZ) 

(2,3), Harris (2,3), Jones (NM) (3), 

Spencer (3). 

SUNDRY CIVIL APPROPRIATIONS

Senators Warren (1,2,3), Smoot 

(1,2,3), Jones (WA) (1,2,3), Curtis 

(1,2,3), Gronna (1,2,3), Martin (1), 

Overman (1,2,3), Owen (1,2,3), 

Underwood (1,2), Glass (2,3). 

SIXTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

NOTE.—There is no official, comprehensive listing of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittees and their 

members for this session of Congress. 

The following list was compiled from 

the records of the subcommittee hearings during the session. 

The session of the Congress for 

which it is known that the Senator 

was a member of the subcommittee is 

indicated in parenthesis. 
143 

AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (2,4), Jones (WA) 

(2,4), Lenroot (2,4), Capper (2,4), 

McKinley (2,4), Overman (2,4), Smith 

(SC) (2,4), Harris (2,4). 

COMMERCE AND LABOR

Senators Jones (WA) (2,4), Spencer 

(2,4), Lenroot (4), McKinley (4), 

Keyes (4), Overman (4), Newberry (2), 

Harris (2,4), Glass (2), Culberson (4). 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Warren (1,2), Curtis (1,2), 

Jones (WA) (1,2), Newberry (1,2), 

Phipps (1,2), Glass (1,2), Culberson 

(1,2), Harris (1,2). 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Phipps (2,4), Ball (4), 

Dillingham (4), Curtis (2), Jones 

(WA) (2,4), Spencer (2,4), McKinley 

(2), Glass (2,4), Owen (2), Jones (NM) 

(2,4), Sheppard (4). 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Warren (2,4), Smoot (2,4), 

Kenyon (2), Spencer (2), Newberry 

(2), Jones (WA) (4), Curtis (4), Hale 

(4), Overman (2,4), Owen (2,4), Jones 

(NM) (2), Glass (4). 

INTERIOR

Senators Warren (2), Smoot (Chair) 

(4), Curtis (2,4), Hale (2), Spencer 

(2,4), Pipps (4), McKinley (4), 

Newberry (2), Overman (2), Harris 

(2,4), Jones (NM) (4), Owen (4). 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Warren (4), Smoot (4), 

Curtis (4), Spencer (4), Keyes (4), 

Harris (4), Jones (NM) (4), Owen (4). 

NAVY

Senators Page (2,4), Poindexter 

(2,4), Hale (2,4), Newberry (2), 

Phipps (2,4), Keyes (4), Swanson (2,4), 

Glass (2,4), Owen (2,4). 

POST OFFICE

Senators Townsend (4), Sterling (4), 

Phipps (4), McKinley (4), Lenroot (4), 

McKellar (4), Harris (4), Jones (NM) 

(4). 

RECLASSIFICATION OF SALARIES

Senators Smoot (2), Curtis (2), 

McKinley (2), Lenroot (2), Overman 

(2), Harris (2), Glass (2). 

STATE AND JUSTICE

Senators Curtis (2,4), Warren (2,4), 

Smoot (2,4), Hale (2,4), Lenroot (2,4), 

Overman (2,4), Jones (NM) (2,4), 

Culberson (2,4). 

Lodge, McCumber, Hitchcock. 

TREASURY

Senators Warren (2,4), Curtis (2), 

Jones (WA) (2), Hale (2,4), Smoot (4), 

McKinley (4), Keyes (4), Overman 

(2,4), Glass (2,4), Harris, Culberson 

(4). 

U.S. VETERANS BUREAU HOSPITAL

Senators Warren (2), Jones (WA) 

(2), Spencer (2), Phipps (2), Newberry 

(2), McKinley (2), Lenroot (2), 

Overman (2), Glass (2), Harris (2). 

YORKTOWN NATIONAL MILITARY

PARK

Senators Warren (1), Curtis (1), 

Jones (WA) (1), Newberry (1), Phipps 

(1), Glass (1), Culberson (1), Harris 

(1). 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Wadsworth, Jr. (2,4), 

Jones (WA) (2,4), Sutherland (2,4), 

Lenroot (2,4), Spencer (2,4), Hitchcock (2,4), Harris (2,4), Owen (2,4). 

Fernald (2), McNary (2), Fletcher 

(2). 

SIXTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS 

First session 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Wesley L. Jones, Lenroot, 

McKinley, Overman, Harris, Broussard. 

McNary, Capper, Smith. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Warren, Curtis, Hale, 

Phipps, Lenroot, Keyes, Overman, 

Glass, McKeller, Bayard. 
144 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Phipps, Wesley L. Jones, 

Spencer, McKinley, Glass, Andrieus 

A. Jones, Neely. 

Ball, Capper, Sheppard. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Warren, Smoot, Wesley L. 

Jones, Curtis, Hale, Overman, Glass, 

Broussard, Bayard. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Smoot, Curtis, Spencer, 

Phipps, McKinley, Harris, Andrieus 

A. Jones, McKellar, Neely. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Warren, Smoot, Curtis, 

Spencer, Keyes, Harris, Andrieus A. 

Jones, Neely, Bayard. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Hale, Phipps, Keyes, 

Glass, Andrieus A. Jones, Broussard. 

Ball, Pepper, Swanson. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

(State and Justice) 

Senators Curtis, Warren, Smoot, 

Hale, Lenroot, Overman, Andrieus A. 

Jones, McKellar, Neely. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Lodge, Brandegee, Swanson. 

(Commerce and Labor) 

Senators Wesley L. Jones, Spencer, 

Lenroot, McKinley, Keyes, Overman, 

Harris, Andrieus A. Jones, Broussard. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

(Treasury) 

Senators Warren, Smoot, Hale, 

McKinley, Keyes, Overman, Glass, 

McKellar, Broussard. 

(Post Office) 

Senators Warren, Phipps, McKinley, Lenroot, Harris, McKellar, Glass, 

Bayard. 

Sterling, Moses, Dial. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Wesley L. Jones, Spencer, 

Lenroot, Harris, Bayard, Neely. 

Wadsworth, Capper, Sheppard. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators ———, NcNary, Fletcher. 

SIXTY-NINTH CONGRESS 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

Note: There is no official, comprehensive listing of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittees and their 

members for this session of Congress. 

The following list was compiled from 

the records of the subcommittee hearings during the session. 

The session of the Congress for 

which it is known that the Senator 

was a member of the subcommittee is 

indicated in parenthesis. 

AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (1,2), Jones (WA) 

(1,2), Lenroot (1,2), Capper (1,2), 

McKinley (1), Cameron (2), Overman 

(1,2), Smith (SC) (1,2), Harris (1,2), 

Kendrick (1,2). 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Warren (2), Curtis (2), 

Hale (2), Phipps (2), Lenroot (2), 

Keyes (2), Overman (2), Glass (2), 

McKellar (2), Bayard (2). 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Phipps (1,2), Jones (WA) 

(1,2), McKinley (1), Cameron (1,2), 

Glass (1,2), Jones (NM) (1,2), 

Kendrick (1,2), Bingham (2). 

Capper (2), Weller (2), King (2). 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Warren (1,2), Smoot (1,2), 

Jones (WA) (1,2), Curtis (1,2), Hale 

(1,2), Overman (1,2), Glass (1,2), 

Broussard (1,2), Bayard (1,2). 

INTERIOR

Senators Smoot (1), Curtis (1), 

Phipps (1), McKinley (1), Keyes (1), 

Harris (1), Jones (NM) (1), McKellar 

(1), Kendrick (1). 
145 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Warren (2), Smoot (2), 

Curtis (2), Keyes (2), Hale (2), Harris 

(2), Jones (NM) (2), Bayard (2), 

Kendrick (2). 

NAVY

Senators Hale (1,2), Phipps (1,2), 

Keyes (1,2), Cameron (1,2), Glass 

(1,2), Jones (NM) (1,2), Broussard 

(1,2). 

Pepper (1,2), Oddie (1,2), Swanson 

(1,2). 

POST OFFICE

Senators Warren (1,2), Phipps (1,2), 

McKinley (1), Lenroot (1,2), Cameron 

(1,2), Harris (1,2), McKellar (1,2), 

Glass (1,2), Bayard (1,2). 

Moses (1,2), Oddie (1,2), Ferris (1,2). 

STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE AND

LABOR

Senators Jones (WA) (1), Smoot (1), 

Hale (1), Lenroot (1), McKinley (1), 

Keyes (1), Cameron (1), Overman (1), 

Harris (1), Jones (NM) (1), McKellar 

(1), Broussard (1). 

Borah (1), Moses (1), Swanson (1). 

TREASURY

Senators Warren (1,2), Smoot (1,2), 

Hale (1,2), McKinley (1), Keyes (1,2), 

Overman (1,2), Glass (1,2), McKellar 

(1,2), Broussard (1,2). 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Wadsworth, Jr. (1,2), 

Jones (WA) (1,2), Lenroot (1,2), Cameron (1,2), Reed (1,2), Harris (1,2), 

Sheppard (1), Bayard (1,2), Kendrick 

(1,2), Fletcher (2). 

Fernald (1,2), McNary (1,2), Fletcher 

(1,2). 

SEVENTIETH CONGRESS 

January 14, 1928 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (chairman), Jones, 

Keyes, Bingham, Nye, Overman, Harris, Kendrick, Hayden. 

Capper, Smith. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Warren, Curtis, Hale, 

Phipps, Keyes, Overman, Glass, 

McKellar, Kendrick. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Phipps, Bingham, Jones, 

Oddie, Nye, Glass, Kendrick, Copeland, Bratton. 

Capper, Sackett, King. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Warren, Smoot, Jones, 

Curtis, Hale, Keyes, Overman, Glass, 

Broussard, Copeland. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Smoot, Curtis, Phipps, 

Keyes, Oddie, Harris, McKellar, 

Kendrick, Hayden. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Warren, Smoot, Curtis, 

Hale, Oddie, Broussard, Copeland, 

Hayden, Bratton. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Hale, Phipps, Keyes, Bingham, Oddie, Nye, Glass, Broussard, 

Copeland, Hayden, Bratton. 

Shortridge, Metcalf, Swanson. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators Jones, Warren, Smoot, 

Hale, Keyes, Bingham, Nye, Overman, Harris, McKellar, Broussard, 

Hayden, Bratton. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Borah, Moses, Swanson. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Warren, Smoot, Curtis, 

Phipps, Keyes, Bingham, Overman, 

Harris, Glass, McKellar, Broussard. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Moses, Dale. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Reed of Pennsylvania 

(chairman), Jones, Warren, Oddie, 

Nye, Harris, Kendrick, McKellar, 

Copeland. 
146 

Bingham, Fletcher. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators McNary, Fletcher. 

SEVENTY-FIRST CONGRESS 

First session—May 8, 1929 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (chairman), Jones, 

Keyes, Nye, Pine, Overman, Harris, 

Kendrick, Hayden. 

Capper, Smith. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Warren, Hale, Phipps, 

Keyes, Bingham, Overman, Glass, 

McKellar, Kendrick. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bingham, Phipps, Jones, 

Nye, Glenn, Glass, Kendrick, 

Copeland, Bratton. 

Capper, Sackett, King. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Keyes, Warren, Smoot, 

Jones, Hale, Pine, Overman, Glass, 

Broussard, Copeland, Bratton. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Smoot, Phipps, Oddie, 

Nye, Pine, Harris, McKellar, 

Kendrick, Hayden. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Warren, Smoot, Hale, 

Oddie, Glenn, Broussard, Copeland, 

Hayden, Bratton. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Hale, Phipps, Keyes, Bingham, Oddie, Nye, Glass, Broussard, 

Copeland, Hayden, Bratton. 

Shortridge, Metcalf, Swanson. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators Jones, Smoot, Hale, Keyes, 

Bingham, Nye, Oddie, Overman, Harris, McKellar, Broussard, Hayden, 

Bratton. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Borah, Moses, Swanson. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Phipps, Warren, Smoot, 

Oddie, Pine, Glenn, Overman, Harris, 

Glass, McKellar, Broussard. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Moses, Dale, Steck. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Reed (chairman), Jones, 

Warren, Bingham, Glenn, Harris, 

Kendrick, McKellar, Copeland. 

Greene, Fletcher. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators McNary, Burton, Fletcher. 

Second session—January 11, 1930 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (chairman), Jones, 

Keyes, Nye, Pine, Overman, Harris, 

Kendrick, Hayden. 

Capper, Smith. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Jones, Smoot, Hale, 

Phipps, Keyes, Bingham, Overman, 

Glass, McKellar, Kendrick. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bingham, Phipps, Nye, 

Pine, Glenn, Glass, Kendrick, Copeland, Bratton. 

Capper, Kean, King. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Keyes, Smoot, Jones, Hale, 

Pine, Steiwer, Overman, Glass, 

Broussard, Copeland, Bratton. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Smoot, Jones, Phipps, 

Oddie, Nye, Pine, Harris, McKellar, 

Kendrick, Hayden. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Jones, Smoot, Hale, Oddie, 

Glenn, Steiwer, Broussard, Copeland, 

Hayden, Bratton. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Hale, Phipps, Keyes, Bingham, Oddie, Nye, Steiwer, Glass, 
147 

Broussard, Copeland, Hayden, 

Bratton. 

Shortridge, Metcalf, Swanson. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators Jones, Hale, Keyes, Bingham, Nye, Oddie, Glenn, Overman, 

Harris, McKellar, Broussard, Hayden, 

Bratton. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Borah, Moses, Swanson. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Phipps, Smoot, Oddie, 

Pine, Glenn, Steiwer, Overman, Harris, Glass, McKellar, Broussard. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Moses, Dale, Steck. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Reed (chairman), Jones, 

Bingham, Glenn, Steiwer, Harris, 

Kendrick, McKellar, Copeland. 

Greene, Fletcher. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Johnson, McNary, Fletcher. 

SEVENTY-SECOND CONGRESS 

First session—December 16, 1931 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (chairman), Jones, 

Keyes, Nye, Norbeck, Dickinson, 

Kendrick, Hayden, Copeland, Morrison, Cohen. 

Capper, Smith. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Jones, Smoot, Hale, Keyes, 

Bingham, Oddie, Dale, Davis, Glass, 

McKellar, Kendrick, Hayden, Broussard, Byrnes. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bingham, Nye, Steiwer, 

Keyes, Dale, Davis, Dickinson, Glass, 

Kendrick, Copeland, Bratton, Thomas, 

Byrnes. 

Capper, Kean, King. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Keyes, Smoot, Jones, Hale, 

Steiwer, Bingham, Norbeck, Glass, 

Broussard, Copeland, Kendrick, 

Byrnes, Cohen. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Smoot, Jones, Oddie, Nye, 

Hale, Norbeck, Dickinson, McKellar, 

Kendrick, Hayden, Morrison, Bratton, 

Thomas. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Jones, Smoot, Hale, Oddie, 

Steiwer, Dale, Davis, Broussard, 

Bratton, McKellar, Morrison, Thomas, 

Byrnes. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Hale, Keyes, Bingham, 

Oddie, Nye, Steiwer, Dickinson, 

Glass, Broussard, Copeland, Bratton, 

Thomas, Byrnes. 

Shortridge, Metcalf, Swanson. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators Jones, Hale, Keyes, Bingham, Nye, Oddie, Davis, McKellar, 

Broussard, Hayden, Bratton, Morrison, 

Cohen. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Borah, Moses, Swanson. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Oddie, Smoot, Steiwer, 

Norbeck, Dale, Davis, Dickinson, 

Glass, McKellar, Broussard, Morrison, 

Thomas, Cohen. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Moses, Schall, Trammell. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Reed (chairman), Jones, 

Bingham, Steiwer, Nye, Norbeck, 

Dale, Kendrick, McKellar, Copeland, 

Glass, Hayden, Cohen. 

Cutting and Fletcher. 
148 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Johnson, McNary, Fletcher. 

Second session—December 10, 1932 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators McNary (chairman), Keyes, 

Nye, Norbeck, Dickinson, Grammer, 

Kendrick, Hayden, Copeland, Cohen, 

Tydings, Russell. 

Capper, Smith. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Hale, Smoot, Keyes, Bingham, Oddie, Dale, Davis, Dickinson, 

Glass, McKellar, Kendrick, Hayden, 

Broussard, Byrnes, Bratton. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bingham, Nye, Steiwer, 

Keyes, Dale, Davis, Grammer, Glass, 

Kendrick, Copeland, Bratton, Thomas, 

Byrnes. 

Capper, Kean, King. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Keyes, Smoot, Hale, 

Steiwer, Bingham, Norbeck, Dickinson, Glass, Broussard, Copeland, 

Kendrick, Byrnes, Russell. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Smoot, Oddie, Nye, Hale, 

Norbeck, Steiwer, Grammer, McKellar, Kendrick, Hayden, Bratton, 

Thomas, Tydings. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Hale, Smoot, Oddie, 

Steiwer, Dale, Davis, Dickinson, 

Broussard, Bratton, McKellar, Thomas, Byrnes, Tydings. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Shortridge (chairman), Hale, 

Keyes, Bingham, Oddie, Nye, Steiwer, 

Glass, Broussard, Copeland, Bratton, 

Thomas, Byrnes. 

Metcalf, Swanson. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators Hale, Keyes, Bingham, 

Nye, Oddie, Davis, Dickinson, 

McKellar, Broussard, Hayden, 

Bratton, Cohen, Tydings, Russell. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Borah, Moses, Swanson. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Oddie, Smoot, Steiwer, 

Norbeck, Dale, Davis, Dickinson, 

Glass, McKellar, Broussard, Thomas, 

Cohen, Tydings, Russell. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Moses, Schall, Trammell. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Reed (chairman), Bingham, 

Steiwer, Nye, Norbeck, Dale, Grammer, Kendrick, McKellar, Copeland, 

Glass, Hayden, Cohen, Thomas, Russell. 

Cutting, Fletcher. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Johnson, McNary, Fletcher. 

SEVENTY-THIRD CONGRESS 

First session—March 21, 1933 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Kendrick, Hayden, Copeland, Tydings, Russell, Keyes, Nye, 

Norbeck, Dickinson. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Bratton, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Hale, 

Keyes, Dickinson. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Thomas, Glass, Bratton, 

Copeland, Coolidge, Nye, Keyes, Dale, 

Carey. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Coolidge, Adams, McCarran, Hale, 

Steiwer, Townsend. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, 

Kendrick, Bratton, Thomas, Adams, 

Nye, Norbeck, Steiwer. 
149 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Coolidge, 

Adams, McCarran, Overton, Hale, 

Dale, Townsend. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Byrnes, Copeland, Thomas, 

Coolidge, Overton, Hale, Keyes, 

Steiwer, Townsend. 

Trammell, Walsh, Metcalf. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Bratton, 

Kendrick, Russell, Adams, Hale, Nye, 

Dickinson, Carey. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Robinson, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

Russell, McCarran, Steiwer, Norbeck, 

Dale, Dickinson. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Trammell, Hayden, Schall. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Copeland, Kendrick, Hayden, Thomas, Overton, Norbeck, Dale, 

Townsend, Carey. 

Sheppard, Fletcher, Reed. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Stephens, Fletcher, McNary. 

Second session 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Copeland, 

Tydings, Bankhead, Keyes, Nye, 

Norbeck, Dickinson. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Hale, 

Keyes, Dickinson. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Thomas, Glass, Copeland, 

Coolidge, Nye, Keyes, Carey, Patterson. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Coolidge, Adams, McCarran, Hale, 

Steiwer, Townsend. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Nye, Norbeck, Steiwer, Carey. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Coolidge, 

Adams, McCarran, Overton, Hale, 

Townsend, Patterson. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Byrnes, Copeland, Thomas, 

Coolidge, Overton, Hale, Keyes, 

Steiwer, Townsend. 

Trammell, Walsh, Metcalf. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, 

McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Hale, Nye, Dickinson, Carey. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Robinson, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Steiwer, 

Norbeck, Dickinson, Patterson. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Trammell, Hayden, Schall. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Copeland, Hayden, Thomas, Overton, Russell, Norbeck, Townsend, Carey, Patterson. 

Sheppard, Fletcher, Reed. 
150 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Stephens, Fletcher, McNary. 

SEVENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS 

First session—January 12, 1935 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Copeland, 

Tydings, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, Keyes, Nye, Norbeck, Dickinson. Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Hale, 

Keyes, Dickinson. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Thomas, Glass, Copeland, 

Coolidge, Overton, Truman, Nye, 

Keyes, Carey. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Coolidge, Adams, McCarran, Hale, 

Steiwer, Townsend. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Nye, Norbeck, Steiwer, Carey. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Coolidge, 

Adams, McCarran, Overton, Hale, 

Townsend, Carey. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Byrnes, Copeland, Thomas, 

Coolidge, Overton, McAdoo, Hale, 

Keyes, Steiwer, Townsend. 

Trammell, Walsh, Metcalf. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

Hale, Nye, Dickinson. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Robinson, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, McAdoo, 

Steiwer, Norbeck, Dickinson. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Trammell, Hayden, Schall. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Copeland, Hayden, Thomas, Overton, Russell, McAdoo, Norbeck, Townsend, Carey. 

Sheppard, Fletcher, Cutting. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Fletcher, Sheppard, McNary. 

Second session 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Copeland, 

Tydings, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, Keyes, Nye, Norbeck, Dickinson. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Hale, 

Keyes, Steiwer. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Thomas, Glass, Copeland, 

Coolidge, Overton, Truman, Nye, 

Keyes, Carey. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Coolidge, Adams, McCarran, Hale, 

Steiwer, Townsend. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Nye, Norbeck, Steiwer, Carey. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Coolidge, 

Adams, McCarran, Overton, Hale, 

Townsend, Carey. 
151 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Byrnes, Copeland, Thomas, 

Coolidge, Overton, McAdoo, Hale, 

Keyes, Steiwer, Townsend. 

Trammell, Walsh, Metcalf. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

Hale, Nye, Dickinson. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Robinson, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, McAdoo, 

Steiwer, Norbeck, Dickinson. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Trammell, Hayden, Frazier. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Copeland, Hayden, Thomas, Overton, Russell, McAdoo, Norbeck, Townsend, Carey. 

Sheppard, Fletcher, Dickinson. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Fletcher, Sheppard, McNary. 

SEVENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS 

First session—January 13, 1937 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Copeland, 

Tydings, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, Duffy, Nye, Townsend. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton, Hale, Steiwer. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Thomas, Glass, Copeland, 

Overton, Burke, Duffy, Hitchcock, 

Green, Nye, Bridges. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Adams, McCarran, McAdoo, Truman, 

Green, Hale, Steiwer, Townsend. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Burke, Green, Nye, Steiwer. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Adams, 

McCarran, Overton, Bankhead, Duffy, 

Hitchcock, Hale, Bridges. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Byrnes, Copeland, Thomas, 

Overton, McAdoo, Burke, Hitchcock, 

Green, Hale, Townsend. 

Walsh, Tydings, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, 

McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Truman, Copeland, Burke, Hale, Nye. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Robinson, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, McAdoo, 

Thomas, Hitchcock, Steiwer, Bridges. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Hayden, Bailey, Frazier. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Copeland, Hayden, Thomas, Overton, Russell, McAdoo, Truman, Duffy, Townsend, Bridges. 

Sheppard, Black, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Sheppard, Bailey, McNary. 

Third session—February 23, 1938 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Copeland, 

Tydings, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, Duffy, Nye, Townsend. 
152 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton, Hale, Townsend. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Thomas, Glass, Copeland, 

Overton, Burke, Duffy, Hitchcock, 

Green, Nye, Bridges. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Adams, McCarran, McAdoo, Truman, 

Green, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Burke, Green, Nye, Lodge. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Adams, 

McCarran, Overton, Bankhead, Duffy, 

Hitchcock, Hale, Bridges. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Senators Byrnes, Copeland, Thomas, 

Overton, McAdoo, Burke, Hitchcock, 

Green, Hale, Lodge. 

Walsh, Tydings, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

Copeland, Burke, Hale, Lodge. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Harrison, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, McAdoo, 

Thomas, Hitchcock, Bridges, Lodge. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Hayden, Bailey, Frazier. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Copeland, Hayden, Thomas, Overton, Russell, McAdoo, Truman, Duffy, Townsend, Bridges. 

Sheppard, Lewis, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Sheppard, Bailey, McNary. 

SEVENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS 

First session—January 13, 1939 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Townsend, 

Holman. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Burke, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Maloney, Chavez, Nye, Bridges, Holman. King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Adams, McCarran, Truman, Green, 

McKellar, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Burke, Green, McCarran, Nye, Lodge, 

Taft, Holman. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Adams, 

Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, 

Chavez, Hale, Bridges, Taft. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Byrnes, Glass, Thomas, 

Overton, Burke, Green, Tydings, 

Maloney, Hale, Lodge, Holman. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

Burke, Byrnes, Lodge, Bridges, Taft. 
153 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Harrison, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Thomas, Hayden, Bankhead, Bridges, Lodge, Taft. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Bulow, Frazier. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Adams, Maloney, 

Chavez, Townsend, Bridges, Lodge. 

Sheppard, Lewis, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Sheppard, McNary. 

First session—February 10, 1939 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Townsend, 

Holman. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Burke, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Maloney, Chavez, Nye, Bridges, Holman. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Adams, McCarran, Truman, Green, 

McKellar, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Burke, Green, McCarran, Nye, Holman, Taft. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Adams, 

Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, 

Chavez, Hale, Bridges, Taft. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Byrnes, Glass, Thomas, 

Overton, Burke, Green, Tydings, 

Maloney, Hale, Lodge, Holman. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

Burke, Byrnes, Lodge, Bridges, Taft. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Harrison, 

Borah. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Thomas, Hayden, Bankhead, Bridges, Lodge, Taft. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Bulow, Frazier. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Adams, Maloney, 

Chavez, Townsend, Bridges, Lodge. 

Sheppard, Lewis, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Sheppard, McNary. 

Third session—February 14, 1940 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Byrnes, Nye, 

Townsend, Holman. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Burke, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 
154 

Maloney, Chavez, Nye, Bridges, Holman. 

King, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Adams, McCarran, Truman, Green, 

McKellar, Hale, Townsend, Nye. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Burke, Green, McCarran, Nye, Holman, Taft. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Byrnes, Adams, 

Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, 

Chavez, Hale, Bridges, Taft. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Byrnes, Glass, Thomas, 

Overton, Burke, Green, Tydings, 

Maloney, Hale, Lodge, Holman. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, AND LABOR

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

Burke, Byrnes, Lodge, Bridges, Taft. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Pittman, Harrison, 

Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Thomas, Hayden, Bankhead, Bridges, Lodge, Taft. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Bulow, Frazier. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Adams, Maloney, 

Chavez, O’Mahoney, Townsend, 

Bridges, Lodge. 

Sheppard, Reynolds, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Sheppard, McNary. 

SEVENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS 

First session—February 3, 1941 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Byrnes, Nye, Holman, Gurney, Brooks. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Adams, Glass, McKellar, 

Hayden, Byrnes, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton, Thomas, Nye, Lodge, Holman, Brooks. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Maloney, Chavez, Nye, Holman, Gurney. 

Reynolds, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Byrnes, Russell, 

Adams, McCarran, Truman, Green, 

McKellar, Bankhead, Nye, Bridges, 

White, Brooks. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Adams, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, 

Green, McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, White, Gurney. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Adams, Overton, 

Truman, Green, Maloney, Chavez, 

Bridges, White, Brooks. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Byrnes, Glass, Thomas, 

Overton, Green, Tydings, Maloney, 

Lodge, Holman, Bridges. 
155 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, COMMERCE, 

AND JUSTICE, AND LABOR—FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators McKellar, Russell, McCarran, Bankhead, Truman, Byrnes, 

Maloney, Lodge, Bridges, White. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators George, Harrison, Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Hayden, 

Green, Lodge, White, Gurney. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Bulow, Davis. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Adams, Maloney, 

Chavez, O’Mahoney, Bridges, Lodge, 

Gurney, Brooks. 

Sheppard, Reynolds, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Sheppard, McNary. 

Second session—January 5, 1942 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Doxey, Nye, Holman, Gurney, Brooks. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators McKellar, Glass, Hayden, 

Tydings, Russell, Overton, Thomas, 

McCarran, O’Manoney, Bankhead, 

Nye, Lodge, Holman, Brooks. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators O’Mahoney, Glass, Overton, Thomas, Maloney, Chavez, Mead, 

Nye, Holman, Gurney. 

Reynolds, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Russell, Truman, 

Green, McKellar, Bankhead, Mead, 

Doxey, Maybank, Nye, Bridges, 

White, Brooks. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Green, 

McCarran, Chavez, Doxey, Nye, Holman, White, Gurney. 

LEGISLATIVE ESTABLISHMENT

Senators Tydings, Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, Chavez, Doxey, 

Maybank, Bridges, White, Brooks. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Green, Tydings, Maloney, Mead, 

Lodge, Holman, Bridges. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, COMMERCE, JUSTICE, AND THE JUDICIARY; DE- PARTMENT OF LABOR—FEDERAL SE- CURITY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, Russell, Bankhead, Truman, Maloney, 

Mead, Lodge, Bridges, White. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Connally, George, Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, Hayden, Green, Maybank, 

Lodge, White, Gurney. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Bulow, Davis. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Maloney, Chavez, 

O’Mahoney, Maybank, Bridges, Lodge, 

Gurney, Brooks. 

Reynolds, Thomas of Utah, Austin. 
156 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Mrs. Caraway, 

McNary. 

SEVENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS 

First session—January 28, 1943 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, 

Gurney, Brooks, Reed. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators McKellar, Glass, Hayden, 

Tydings, Russell, Overton, Thomas, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Bankhead, 

Nye, Lodge, Holman, Brooks, Bridges. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators O’Mahoney, Glass, Overton, Thomas, Maloney, Chavez, Mead, 

Nye, Holman, Gurney, Burton. 

McCarran, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Russell, Truman, 

Green, McKellar, Bankhead, Mead, 

Maybank, Nye, Bridges, White, 

Brooks, Reed. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Green, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, 

Gurney, Reed, Burton. 

LEGISLATIVE AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators Tydings, Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, Chavez, Maybank, Bridges, White, Brooks, Burton. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Green, Tydings, Maloney, Mead, 

Lodge, Holman, Bridges, White. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE; DEPARTMENT OF

LABOR—FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, Russell, Bankhead, Truman, Maloney, 

Mead, Lodge, White, Reed, Burton. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Connally, George, Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, Hayden, Green, Maybank, 

Lodge, White, Gurney, Reed. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Chavez, Langer. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Maloney, Chavez, 

O’Mahoney, Maybank, Bridges, Lodge, 

Gurney, Brooks, Burton. 

Reynolds, Thomas of Utah, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Mrs. Caraway, 

McNary. 

Second session—January 27, 1944 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, 

Gurney, Brooks, Reed. 

Smith, Wheeler, McNary. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators McKellar, Glass, Hayden, 

Tydings, Russell, Overton, Thomas, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Bankhead, 

Nye, Lodge, Holman, Brooks, Bridges. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators O’Mahoney, Glass, Overton, Thomas, Maloney, Chavez, Mead, 

Nye, Holman, Gurney, Burton. 

McCarran, Tydings, Capper. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Russell, Truman, 

Green, McKellar, Bankhead, Mead, 
157 

Maybank, Nye, Bridges, White, 

Brooks, Reed. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Green, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, 

Gurney, Burton, White. 

LEGISLATIVE AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators Tydings, Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, Chavez, Maybank, Bridges, White, Burton, Reed. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Green, Tydings, Maloney, Mead, 

Lodge, Holman, Bridges, Brooks. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE; DEPARTMENT OF

LABOR—FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, Russell, Bankhead, Truman, Maloney, 

Mead, Lodge, White, Reed, Burton. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Connally, George, Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, Hayden, Green, Maybank, 

Lodge, White, Gurney, Reed. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Chavez, Langer. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Maloney, Chavez, 

O’Mahoney, Maybank, Bridges, Lodge, 

Gurney, Brooks, Burton. 

Reynolds, Thomas of Utah, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Mrs. Caraway, 

McNary. 

Second session—April 19, 1944 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Truman, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, 

Gurney, Brooks, Reed. 

Smith, Wheeler, Capper. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators McKellar, Glass, Hayden, 

Tydings, Russell, Overton, Thomas, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Bankhead, 

Nye, Holman, Brooks, Bridges, 

Gurney. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators O’Mahoney, Glass, Overton, Thomas, Maloney, Chavez, Mead, 

Nye, Holman, Burton, Ball. 

Bilbo, Tydings, Bridges. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Russell, Truman, 

Green, McKellar, Bankhead, Mead, 

Maybank, Nye, Bridges, White, 

Brooks, Reed. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Green, 

McCarran, Chavez, Nye, Holman, 

Gurney, Burton, White. 

LEGISLATIVE AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators Tydings, Overton, Truman, Green, Maloney, Chavez, 

Maybank, Bridges, Burton, Reed, Ball. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Green, Tydings, Maloney, Mead, Holman, Bridges, Brooks, White. 

Walsh, Gerry, Davis. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE; DEPARTMENT OF

LABOR—FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, Russell, Bankhead, Truman, Maloney, 

Mead, White, Reed, Burton, Ball. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Connally, George, Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, Hayden, Green, Maybank, 

White, Gurney, Reed, Ball. 
158 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Chavez, Langer. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Truman, Maloney, Chavez, 

O’Mahoney, Maybank, Bridges, 

Gurney, Brooks, Burton, Ball 

Reynolds, Thomas of Utah, Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, Mrs. Caraway, Vandenberg. 

SEVENTY-NINTH CONGRESS 

First session—March 15, 1945 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, McCarran, 

Chavez, Maybank, Gurney, Brooks, 

Reed, Willis, Ferguson. 

Thomas of Oklahoma, Wheeler, Capper. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators McKellar, Glass, Hayden, 

Tydings, Russell, Overton, Thomas, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Bankhead, 

Brooks, Bridges, Gurney, Burton, 

Ball, Ferguson. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators O’Mahoney, Glass, Overton, Thomas, Chavez, Mead, Murdock, 

Burton, Ball, Willis, Ferguson, 

Wherry. 

Bilbo, Tydings, Buck. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Russell, Green, 

McKellar, Bankhead, Mead, Maybank, 

Murdock, Bridges, White, Brooks, 

Reed, Wherry. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Green, 

McCarran, Chavez, Gurney, Burton, 

White, Willis, Wherry. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Tydings, Overton, Green, 

Chavez, Maybank, Murdoch, Bridges, 

Reed, Ball, Ferguson. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Green, Tydings, Mead, McCarran, 

Murdock, Bridges, Brooks, White, 

Ball, Willis. 

Walsh, Gerry, Johnson of California. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICI- ARY; DEPARTMENT OF LABOR— FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, Russell, Bankhead, Mead, Tydings, 

Murdock, White, Burton, Ball, 

Bridges, Wherry. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Connally, George, Johnson of California. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, Hayden, Green, Maybank, 

White, Gurney, Reed, Willis. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Chavez, Langer. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Chavez, O’Mahoney, Maybank, Mead, Gurney, Brooks, Burton, 

Reed, Ferguson, Wherry. 

Thomas of Utah, Johnson of Colorado, 

Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, McClellan, Vandenberg. 

Second session—January 25, 1946 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, Tydings, 

Bankhead, O’Mahoney, McCarran, 

Chavez, Maybank, Gurney, Brooks, 

Reed, Willis, Ferguson. 

Thomas of Oklahoma, Wheeler, Capper. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators McKellar, Glass, Hayden, 

Tydings, Russell, Overton, Thomas, 

McCarran, O’Mahoney, Bankhead, 

Brooks, Bridges, Gurney, Ball, Ferguson, Wherry. 
159 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators O’Mahoney, Glass, Overton, Thomas, Chavez, Mead, Murdock, 

Ball, Willis, Ferguson, Wherry, Cordon. 

Bilbo, Tydings, Buck 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Glass, Russell, Green, 

McKellar, Bankhead, Mead, Maybank, 

Murdock, Bridges, White, Brooks, 

Reed, Cordon. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, McKellar, Thomas, Bankhead, O’Mahoney, Green, 

McCarran, Chavez, Gurney, Willis, 

Wherry, Ball, Cordon. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Tydings, Overton, Green, 

Chavez, Maybank, Murdock, Bridges, 

Reed, Ferguson, White. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Overton, Glass, Thomas, 

Green, Tydings, Mead, McCarran, 

Murdock, Bridges, Brooks, White, 

Ball, Willis. 

Walsh, Gerry, Tobey. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY; DEPARTMENT OF LABOR— 

FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, Russell, Bankhead, Mead, Tydings, 

Murdock, White, Ball, Bridges, 

Wherry, Cordon. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Connally, George, 

———. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

DEPARTMENTS

Senators Glass, McKellar, Tydings, 

McCarran, Hayden, Green, Maybank, 

White, Gurney, Reed, Willis. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Bailey, Chavez, Langer. 

WAR DEPARTMENT

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Overton, 

Russell, Chavez, O’Mahoney, Maybank, Mead, Gurney, Brooks, Reed, 

Ferguson, Wherry, Cordon. 

Thomas of Utah, Johnson of Colorado, 

Austin. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Bailey, McClellan, Vandenberg. 

EIGHTIETH CONGRESS 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Brooks, Gurney, Reed, Ferguson, Cordon, Young, Dworshak, 

Russell, Hayden, Tydings, O’Mahoney, McCarran. 

Capper, Bushfield, Thomas of Oklahoma. 

DEFICIENCIES

Senators Bridges, Brooks, Gurney, 

Ball, Ferguson, Cordon, Young, 

McKellar, Hayden, Tydings, Russell, 

Overton. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Dworshak, Ball, Young, 

Knowland, O’Mahoney, McCarran, 

Green. 

Cain, Flanders, McGrath. 

GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS

Senators Ferguson, Reed, Wherry, 

Saltonstall, Young, Knowland, 

Dworshak, McKellar, Overton, Russell, McCarran, Thomas. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Reed, Bridges, Brooks, 

Cordon, Ferguson, Saltonstall, Green, 

Russell, McKellar, Thomas, O’Mahoney. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Wherry, Gurney, Ball, 

Cordon, Reed, Knowland, Dworshak, 

Hayden, Thomas, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Overton. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Knowland, Gurney, Ball, 

Wherry, Young, Dworshak, McCarran, 

McKellar, Russell, Thomas. 
160 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Young, Bridges, Saltonstall, Dworshak, Overton, Tydings, 

Green. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT

Senators Saltonstall, Bridges, 

Brooks, Ball, Gurney, Wherry, 

Tydings, Overton, Green, Thomas, 

O’Mahoney. 

Robertson of Wyoming, Wilson, Russell. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators Ball, Bridges, Wherry, 

Brooks, Ferguson, Saltonstall, McCarran, McKellar, Tydings, Hayden, 

Green. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Hickenlooper, Lodge, 

Hatch. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators Cordon, Reed, Bridges, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, Tydings, 

McKellar, Hayden, Green. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Flanders, Ecton, Chavez. 

DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY AND AIR

FORCE

Senators Gurney, Brooks, Reed, Ferguson, Wherry, Cordon, Knowland, 

Thomas, Hayden, Overton, Russell, 

O’Mahoney. 

Bridges, Robertson of Wyoming, 

Tydings. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Revercomb, Martin, O’Daniel. 

EIGHTY-FIRST CONGRESS 

First session—February 17, 1949 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank, 

Hill, Kilgore, Reed, Gurney, Ferguson, Cordon, Young. 

Thomas of Oklahoma, Ellender, Thye. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Russell, 

O’Mahoney, Chavez, McCarran, Maybank, Hill, McClellan, Robertson, 

Gurney, Bridges, Reed, Ferguson, 

Wherry, Cordon, Saltonstall. 

Tydings, Byrd, Morse. 

DEFICIENCIES AND ARMY CIVIL

FUNCTIONS

Senators McKellar, Hayden, Russell, 

Thomas, Maybank, Ellender, McClellan, Robertson, Bridges, Gurney, Ferguson, Cordon, Reed. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Chavez, Stennis, Cain. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Hill, O’Mahoney, Kilgore, 

McClellan, Young, Reed, Saltonstall. 

Hunt, Frear, Schoeppel. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators O’Mahoney, Russell, 

McKellar, Thomas, Maybank, Hill, 

Robertson, Ferguson, Bridges, Cordon, 

Saltonstall, Wherry. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, Thomas, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, McKellar, 

Ellender, Wherry, Gurney, Cordon, 

Reed, Young. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Chavez, McCarran, Russell, 

Thomas, Ellender, Hill, Ferguson, 

Gurney, Wherry, Young. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Ellender, Chavez, McKellar, Kilgore, Bridges, Saltonstall, 

Young. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, 

Ellender, Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, 

Robertson, Saltonstall, Bridges, 

Wherry, Ferguson, Gurney. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, McMahon, 

Hickenlooper. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators Maybank, Hayden, Kilgore, McClellan, Robertson, Cordon, 

Reed, Bridges, Saltonstall. 
161 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, O’Conor, Langer. 

First session—November 1, 1949 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank, 

Hill Kilgore, Reed, Gurney, Ferguson, 

Cordon, Young, Wherry. 

Thomas of Oklahoma, Ellender, Thye. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Russell, 

O’Mahoney, Chavez, McCarran, Maybank, Hill, McClellan, Gurney, 

Bridges, Reed, Ferguson, Wherry, 

Saltonstall, Knowland. 

Tydings, Byrd, Morse. 

DEFICIENCIES AND ARMY CIVIL

FUNCTIONS

Senators McKellar, Hayden, Russell, 

Thomas, Maybank, Ellender, McClellan, Chavez, Bridges, Gurney, Ferguson, Cordon, Reed, Young. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators ———, Stennis, Cain. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Hill, O’Mahoney, McClellan, Maybank, Saltonstall, Wherry, 

Ferguson. 

Hunt, Frear, Dulles. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators O’Mahoney, Russell, 

McKellar, Thomas, Maybank, Hill, 

Ellender, Kilgore, Ferguson, Bridges, 

Cordon, Saltonstall, Wherry, 

Knowland. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, Thomas, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, McKellar, 

Ellender, McClellan, Wherry, Gurney, 

Cordon, Reed, Young, Knowland. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Chavez, McCarran, Russell, 

Thomas, Ellender, Hill, Kilgore, 

Gurney, Wherry, Young, Saltonstall, 

Knowland. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Ellender, Chavez, McKellar, Kilgore, Bridges, Young, Cordon 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, 

Ellender, Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, 

O’Mahoney, Saltonstall, Bridges, Ferguson, Young, Knowland. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, McMahon, 

Hickenlooper. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators Maybank, Hayden, Kilgore, McClellan, McKellar, Cordon, 

Reed, Bridges, Saltonstall. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Long, Langer. 

Second session—February 7, 1950 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank, 

Hill, Kilgore, Young, Gurney, Ferguson, Cordon, Wherry. 

Thomas of Oklahoma, Ellender, Thye. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators Thomas, Hayden, Russell, 

O’Mahoney, Chavez, McCarran, Maybank, Hill, McClellan, Robertson, 

Gurney, Bridges, Ferguson, Wherry, 

Saltonstall, Knowland. 

Tydings, Byrd, Morse. 

DEFICIENCIES AND ARMY CIVIL

FUNCTIONS

Senators McKellar, Hayden, Russell, 

Thomas, Maybank, Ellender, McClellan, Chavez, Bridges, Gurney, Ferguson, Cordon, Young. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Stennis, Chapman, Cain. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Hill, O’Mahoney, McClellan, Maybank, Ferguson, Wherry, 

Young. 

Hunt, Frear, ———. 
162 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators O’Mahoney, Russell, 

McKellar, Thomas, Maybank, Hill, 

Ellender, Kilgore, Ferguson, Bridges, 

Cordon, Saltonstall, Wherry. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, Thomas, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, Ellender, 

McClellan, Robertson, Wherry, 

Gurney, Cordon, Young, Knowland. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Chavez, McCarran, Russell, 

Thomas, Hill, Kilgore, McKellar, 

Robertson, Knowland, Gurney, 

Wherry, Young, Saltonstall. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Ellender, Chavez, McKellar, Kilgore, Bridges, Cordon, 

Saltonstall. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, 

Ellender, Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, 

O’Mahoney, Robertson, Saltonstall, 

Bridges, Ferguson, Young, Knowland. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, McMahon, 

Hickenlooper. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators Maybank, Hayden, Kilgore, McClellan, McKellar, Ellender, 

Robertson, Cordon, Bridges, 

Saltonstall, Knowland. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Long, Langer. 

EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS 

First session—May, 31, 1951 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank, 

Wherry, Young, Ferguson, Cordon. 

Ellender, Hoey, Thye. 

ARMY CIVIL FUNCTIONS

Senators McKellar, Hayden, Russell, 

Ellender, McClellan, Robertson, 

Young, Cordon, Knowland, Thye, 

Ecton. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Holland, Stennis, Cain. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators O’Mahoney, Hayden, Russell, Chavez, McCarran, Maybank, 

Hill, McClellan, Ferguson, Bridges, 

Wherry, Saltonstall, Knowland, 

Young, Thye. 

Byrd, Johnson of Texas, Morse. 

DEFICIENCIES

(To be considered by whole committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Hill, O’Mahoney, McClellan, Ferguson, Wherry. 

Hunt, Neely, Duff. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Maybank, O’Mahoney, 

McKellar, Hill, Ellender, Robertson, 

Saltonstall, Bridges, Ferguson, Cordon, 

Thye. 

Also on Atomic Energy Commission items: Senators McMahon, Anderson, Bricker. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, O’Mahoney, 

McCarran, Chavez, Ellender, Kilgore, 

Cordon, Wherry, Young, Knowland, 

Ecton. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Chavez, Russell, Hill, Kilgore, Robertson, Knowland, Thye, 

Ecton. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Ellender, Chavez, 

McKellar, Bridges, Saltonstall. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, 

Ellender, Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, 

Bridges, Saltonstall, Ferguson, 

Wherry. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, McMahon, 

Hickenlooper. 
163 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators Kilgore, Maybank, McClellan, McKellar, Robertson, Ecton, 

Bridges, Saltonstall. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Neely, Langer. 

Second session—January 22, 1952 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Russell, Hayden, O’Mahoney, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank, 

Young, Ferguson, Cordon, McCarthy. 

Ellender, Hoey, Thye. 

ARMY CIVIL FUNCTIONS

Senators McKellar, Hayden, Russell, 

Ellender, McClellan, Robertson, 

Knowland, Young, Cordon, Thye, 

Ecton. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Holland, Stennis, Cain. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators O’Mahoney, Hayden, Russell, Chavez, McCarran, Maybank, 

Hill, McClellan, Ferguson, Bridges, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, Young, Thye, 

McCarthy. 

Byrd, Johnson of Texas, Morse. 

DEFICIENCIES

(To be considered by whole committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Hill, O’Mahoney, McClellan, Ferguson, McCarthy. 

Hunt, Neely, Duff. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Maybank, O’Mahoney, 

McKellar, Hill, Ellender, Robertson, 

Saltonstall, Bridges, Ferguson, Cordon, 

Thye. 

Also on Atomic Energy Commission items: Senators McMahon, Anderson, Bricker. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Hayden, O’Mahoney, 

McCarran, Chavez, Ellender, Kilgore, 

Cordon, Young, Knowland, Ecton, 

McCarthy. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Chavez, Russell, Hill, Kilgore, Robertson, Thye, Knowland, 

Ecton. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Ellender, Chavez, 

McKellar, Bridges, Saltonstall. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

COMMERCE, AND THE JUDICIARY

Senators McCarran, McKellar, 

Ellender, Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, 

Bridges, Saltonstall, Ferguson, McCarthy. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, McMahon, 

Hickenlooper. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators Kilgore, Maybank, McClellan, McKellar, Robertson, Ecton, 

Bridges, Saltonstall. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Neely, Langer. 

EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS 

First session—May 20, 1953 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Young, Ferguson, McCarthy, Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen, 

Chairman Bridges ex officio, Russell, 

Hayden, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank. 

Aiken, Thye, Ellender. 

ARMY CIVIL FUNCTIONS

Senators Knowland, Young, Cordon, Thye, Mundt, Dworshak, Chairman Bridges ex officio, Hayden, Russell, 

Ellender, McClellan, Robertson. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Martin, Case, Holland. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators Ferguson, Bridges, Saltonstall, Knowland, Young, Thye, Cordon, Smith, Hayden, Russell, Chavez, 

McCarran, Maybank, Hill, McClellan. 
164 

Flanders, Hendrickson, Byrd. 

DEFICIENCIES

(To be considered by whole committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Dirksen, Ferguson, McCarthy, Thye, Chairman Bridges ex officio, 

Hill, McClellan, Magnuson. 

Case, Beall, Gore. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Saltonstall, Bridges, Ferguson, Cordon, Thye, McCarthy, 

Dworshak, Dirksen, Maybank, Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Kilgore, Magnuson. 

Also on Atomic Energy Commission items: Senators Hickenlooper, 

Bricker, Johnson of Colorado. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Cordon, Young, Knowland, Ferguson, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshk, Chairman Bridges ex officio, 

Hayden, McCarran, Chavez, Ellender, 

Kilgore, Magnuson. 

LABOR-FEDERAL SECURITY

Senators Thye, Knowland, Bridges, 

Young, Dworshak, Dirksen, Chavez, 

Russell, Hill, Kilgore, Robertson. 

LEGISLATIVE AND JUDICIARY

Senators Mundt, Bridges, Saltonstall, Smith, Ellender, Chavez, 

Maybank. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE

Senators Bridges, Saltonstall, Ferguson, McCarthy, Knowland, Mundt, 

Smith, Dirksen, McCarran, Ellender, 

Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, Magnuson. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Smith of New Jersey, 

Hickenlooper, Green. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators McCarthy, Bridges, Saltonstall, Cordon, Smith, Dirksen, Kilgore, Maybank, McClellan, Robertson, 

Magnuson. 

Also on post offce items: Senators 

Carlson, Duff, Johnston. 

Second session—January 29, 1954 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Senators Young, Ferguson, McCarthy, Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen, 

Chairman Bridges ex officio, Russell, 

Hayden, McCarran, Chavez, Maybank. 

Aiken, Thye, Ellender. 

ARMY CIVIL FUNCTIONS

Senators Knowland, Young, Cordon, Thye, Mundt, Dworshak, Chairman Bridges ex officio, Hayden, Russell, 

Ellender, McClellan, Robertson. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Senators Martin, Case, Holland. 

ARMED SERVICES

Senators Ferguson, Bridges, Saltonstall, Knowland, Young, Thye, Cordon, Smith, Hayden, Russell, Chavez, 

McCarran, Maybank, Hill, McClellan. 

Flanders, Hendrickson, Byrd. 

DEFICIENCIES

(To be considered by whole committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Dirksen, Ferguson, McCarthy, Thye, Chairman Bridges ex officio, 

Hill, McClellan, Magnuson. 

Case, Beall, Gore. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Saltonstall, Bridges, Ferguson, Cordon, Thye, McCarthy, 

Dworshak, Dirksen, Maybank, Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Kilgore, Magnuson. Also on Atomic Energy Commission items: Senators Hickenlooper, 

Bricker, Johnson of Colorado. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Senators Cordon, Young, Knowland, Ferguson, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak, Chairman Bridges ex officio, 

Hayden, McCarran, Chavez, Ellender, 

Kilgore, Magnuson. 
165 

LABOR-HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND

WELFARE

Senators Thye, Knowland, Bridges, 

Young, Dworshak, Dirksen, Chavez, 

Russell, Hill, Kilgore, Robertson. 

LEGISLATIVE AND JUDICIARY

Senators Mundt, Bridges, Saltonstall, Smith, Ellender, Chavez, 

Maybank. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE

Senators Bridges, Saltonstall, Ferguson, McCarthy, Knowland, Mundt, 

Smith, Dirksen, McCarran, Ellender, 

Hill, Kilgore, McClellan, Magnuson. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Smith of New Jersey, 

Hickenlooper, Green. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE

Senators McCarthy, Bridges, Saltonstall, Cordon, Smith, Dirksen, Kilgore, Maybank, McClellan, Robertson, 

Magnuson. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Carlson, Duff, Johnston. 

EIGHTY-FOURTH CONGRESS 

February 4, 1955 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, Young, 

McCarthy, Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen. 

Ellender, Johnston of South Carolina, 

Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Clements, Chairman Hayden ex officio, Smith, Bridges, 

Knowland, Thye, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Saltonstall, Bridges, Young, 

Knowland, Thye, Smith, Dworshak. 

Byrd, Johnson of Texas, Flanders. 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, AND

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by whole committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Stennis, McClellan, Holland, Chairman Hayden ex officio, Dirksen, Young. 

Bible, Gore, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT MATTERS

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, McClellan, Chairman Hayden ex officio, Dirksen, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, McCarthy, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Holland, Clements, 

Mundt, Young, Knowland, Thye, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, Kilgore, Magnuson, Stennis, Chairman 

Hayden ex officio, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak, Potter. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Clements, Chavez, Hayden, 

Bridges, Saltonstall. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Knowland, Saltonstall, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, Gore, Martin of Pennsylvania. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Pastore, Hickenlooper. 

River and harbor, and flood control: 

Full subcommittee. 

Atomic energy-Tennessee Valley: 

Senators Hill, Ellender, Robertson, 
166 

Hayden, Russell, ———, ———, 

———, ———. Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 

Hayden, Ellender, Kilgore, Magnuson, 

McClellan, ———, ———, ———, 

———. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Kilgore, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Hayden, Holland, 

Clements, Bridges, Saltonstall, McCarthy, Mundt, Smith, Dirksen. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICES

Senators Robertson, Kilgore, 

McClellan, Chavez, Clements, Chairman Hayden ex officio, McCarthy, 

Bridges, Dirksen, Potter. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston (SC), Pastore, Carlson. 

February 7, 1955 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, Young, 

McCarthy, Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen. Ellender, Johnston of South Carolina, 

Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Clements, Chairman Hayden, Smith, Bridges, Knowland, Thye, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Saltonstall, Bridges, Young, 

Knowland, Thye, Smith, Dworshak. 

Byrd, Johnson, Flanders. 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Stennis, McClellan, Holland, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, 

Young. 

Bible, Gore, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT MATTERS

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, McClellan, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, Saltonstall, 

Knowland, McCarthy, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Holland, Clements, 

Mundt, Young, Knowland, Thye, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, Kilgore, Magnuson, Stennis, Chairman 

Hayden, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak, Potter. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Clements, Chavez, Hayden, 

Bridges, Saltonstall. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Knowland, Saltonstall, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak. 

Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, Gore, Martin (PA). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Senators Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Hayden, Russell, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Pastore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 
167 

Hayden, Ellender, Kilgore, Magnuson, 

Russell, McClellan, Knowland, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Kilgore, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Hayden, Holland, 

Clements, Bridges, Saltonstall, McCarthy, Mundt, Smith, Dirksen. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE

Senators Robertson, Kilgore, 

McClellan, Chavez, Clements, Chairman Hayden, McCarthy, Bridges, Dirksen, Potter. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Pastore, Carlson. 

June 25, 1955 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, Young, 

McCarthy, Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen. Ellender, Johnston of South Carolina, 

Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Clements, Chairman Hayden, Smith, Bridges, 

Knowland, Thye, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Saltonstall, Bridges, Young, 

Knowland, Thye, Smith, Dworshak. 

Byrd, Johnson, Flanders. 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Stennis, McClellan, Holland, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, 

Young. 

Bible, Gore, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT MATTERS

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, McClellan, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, Saltonstall, 

Knowland, McCarthy, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Holland, Clements, 

Mundt, Young, Knowland, Thye, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WEL- FARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, Kilgore, Magnuson, Stennis, Chairman 

Hayden, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak, Potter. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Clements, Chavez, Hayden, 

Bridges, Saltonstall. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Kilgore, 

Magnuson, Knowland, Saltonstall, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak. 

Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, Gore, Martin (PA). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Senators Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Hayden, Russell, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Pastore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 

Hayden, Ellender, Kilgore, Magnuson, 
168 

Russell, McClellan, Knowland, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Kilgore, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Hayden, Holland, 

Clements, Bridges, Saltonstall, McCarthy, Mundt, Smith, Dirksen. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE

Senators Robertson, Kilgore, 

McClellan, Chavez, Clements, Chairman Hayden, McCarthy, Bridges, Dirksen, Potter. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Pastore, Carlson. 

March 22, 1956 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, Young, 

McCarthy, Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen. 

Ellender, Johnston (SC), Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Magnuson, Stennis, Johnson, Pastore, Chairman Hayden, Smith, Bridges, Knowland, Thye, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Saltonstall, Bridges, Young, 

Knowland, Thye, Smith, Dworshak. 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Flanders. 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Pastore, McClellan, Johnson, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, 

Young, Bridges. 

Bible, Frear, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT MATTERS

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, McClellan, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, Saltonstall, 

Knowland, Mundt, Potter, Bridges. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Magnuson, Holland, Johnson, Russell, 

Mundt, Young, Knowland, Thye, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WEL- FARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, Chairman 

Hayden, Thye, McCarthy, Smith, 

Dworshak, Potter, Bridges. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Stennis, Chavez, Hayden, 

Johnson, Bridges, Saltonstall, Dirksen. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Knowland, Saltonstall, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak. 

Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, Gore, Martin (PA). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Senators Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Hayden, Russell, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 

Hayden, Ellender, Magnuson, Russell, 
169 

McClellan, Holland, Knowland, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Johnson, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Hayden, Holland, Pastore, Bridges, Saltonstall, McCarthy, 

Mundt, Smith, Dirksen. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Green, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE

Senators Robertson, McClellan, 

Chavez, Johnson, Chairman Hayden, 

McCarthy, Bridges, Dirksen, Potter. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Pastore, Carlson. 

EIGHTY-FIFTH CONGRESS 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, Young, 

Mundt, Dworshak, Dirksen, Ives. 

Ellender, Johnston, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Magnuson, Stennis, Johnson, Pastore, Chairman Hayden, Smith, Bridges, Knowland, Thye, Potter. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Saltonstall, Bridges, Young, 

Knowland, Thye, Smith, Dworshak. 

Byrd, Symington, Flanders. 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, AND

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Pastore, McClellan, Johnson, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, Ives, 

Bridges. 

Bible, Frear, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT MATTERS

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, McClellan, Chairman Hayden, Dirksen, Saltonstall, 

Mundt, Potter, Young, Bridges. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Magnuson, Holland, Johnson, Russell, 

Mundt, Young, Knowland, Thye, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WEL- FARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, Chairman 

Hayden, Thye, Smith, Dworshak, Potter, Ives, Bridges. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Stennis, Chavez, Hayden, 

Johnson, Bridges, Saltonstall, Dirksen. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Knowland, Saltonstall, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak. 

Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, Gore, Martin (PA). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Senators Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Hayden, Russell, 

Saltonstall, Knowland, Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 

Hayden, Ellender, Magnuson, Russell, 
170 

McClellan, Holland, Knowland, 

Young, Thye, Mundt, Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Johnson, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Hayden, Holland, Pastore, Bridges, Saltonstall, Mundt, 

Smith, Dirksen, Knowland. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Fulbright, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE

Senators Robertson, McClellan, 

Chavez, Johnson, Pastore, Chairman 

Hayden, Potter, Bridges, Dirksen, Ives. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Monroney, Carlson. 

EIGHTY-SIXTH CONGRESS 

February 6, 1959 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, Dodd, 

McGee, Young, Mundt, Dworshak, 

Hruska. 

Ellender, Johnston, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Magnuson, Kefauver, Monroney, Bible, Byrd, 

Dodd, McGee, Chairman Hayden, 

Smith, Bridges, Saltonstall, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McCellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Johnson, Pastore, Saltonstall, 

Bridges, Young, Smith, Dworshak, 

Mundt. 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Case (SD). 

Military construction: Senators 

Stennis, Chavez, Russell, Johnson, 

Saltonstall, Bridges. 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Pastore, Hayden, Kefauver, 

Byrd, Dodd, McGee, Young, Hruska, 

Allott, Bridges. 

Frear, Bible, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT MATTERS

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, Holland, Johnson, 

Pastore, Monroney, Chairman Hayden, 

Allott, Saltonstall, Young, Smith, 

Kuchel, Bridges. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Kerr, Martin. 

INTERIOR AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Johnson, 

Russell, McClellan, Kefauver, Bible, 

Byrd, McGee, Mundt, Young, 

Dworshak, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), Chairman 

Hayden, Kuchel, Smith, Hruska, 

Allott, Bridges. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Stennis, Chavez, Hayden, 

Johnson, Bridges, Saltonstall, Allott. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, Kefauver, 

Monroney, Dworshak, Young, Mundt, 

Smith, Hruska. 

Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, McNamara, Case (SD). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Senators Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell, Stennis, 

Kefauver, Dworshak, Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hickenlooper. 
171 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 

Hayden, Ellender, Magnuson, Russell, 

McClellan, Holland, Mundt, Young, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Johnson, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Holland, Pastore, 

Kefauver, Bible, Dodd, Chairman Hayden, Bridges, Saltonstall, Mundt, 

Smith, Dworshak. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Fulbright, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE

Senators Robertson, McClellan, 

Chavez, Monroney, Bible, Byrd, Dodd, 

McGee, Chairman Hayden, Hruska, 

Bridges, Kuchel, Allott. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Yarborough, Carlson. 

EIGHTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS 

First session—February 27, 1961 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Forest Service) 

Senators Russell, Hayden, Hill, 

Robertson, Holland, Stennis, McGee, 

Humphrey, Young, Mundt, Dworshak, Hruska, Schoeppel. 

Ellender, Johnston, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

(Except Civil Functions) 

Senators Chavez, Hayden, Russell, 

Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, 

Stennis, Pastore, Kefauver, Saltonstall, 

Bridges, Young, Smith, Dworshak, 

Mundt. 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Case (SD). 

DEFICIENCIES, SUPPLEMENTALS, AND

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd, Hayden, Kefauver, 

McGee, Humphrey, Schoeppel, 

Hruska, Allott, Saltonstall, Bridges. 

Smith (MA), Bible, Beall. 

GENERAL GOVERNMENT MATTERS, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland, Ellender, Magnuson, Kefauver, Bible, Byrd, McGee, 

Humphrey, Chairman Hayden, Smith, 

Bridges, Saltonstall, Kuchel. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson, Hill, Ellender, 

Robertson, Russell, Holland, Pastore, 

Monroney, Chairman Hayden, Allott, 

Saltonstall, Young, Smith, Kuchel, 

Schoeppel, Bridges. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Kerr, Anderson, Case (NJ). 

DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Bureau of Reclamation and 

Power Marketing Agencies) 

Senators Hayden, Chavez, Russell, 

McClellan, Kefauver, Bible, Byrd, 

McGee, Humphrey, Mundt, Young, 

Dworshak, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill, Chavez, Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), Chairman 

Hayden, Kuchel, Smith, Allott, 

Schoeppel, Bridges. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Pastore, Chavez, Monroney, 

Humphrey, Chairman Hayden, Bridges, 

Saltonstall, Allott. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Stennis, Chavez, Russell, 

Monroney, Chairman Hayden, Saltonstall, Bridges. 
172 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Case (SD). 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender, Hayden, Russell, 

McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, Kefauver, 

Monroney, Dworshak, Young, Mundt, 

Smith, Hruska. 

Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, McNamara, Case (SD). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Senators Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell, Stennis, 

Kefauver, Dworshak, Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Pastore, Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Senators 

Hayden, Ellender, Magnuson, Russell, 

McClellan, Holland, Mundt, Young, 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND JUSTICE

AND THE JUDICIARY AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators McClellan, Ellender, Magnuson, Holland, Pastore, Kefauver, 

Bible, Stennis, Chairman Hayden, 

Bridges, Saltonstall, Mundt, Smith, 

Dworshak, Hruska. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Senators Fulbright, Mansfield, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE

Senators Robertson, McClellan, 

Chavez, Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

McGee, Chairman Hayden, Hruska, 

Bridges, Kuchel, Allott, Schoeppel. 

Also on post office items: Senators 

Johnston, Yarborough, Carlson. 

Second session—March 1962 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Forest Service) 

Senators Russell (chairman), Hayden, Hill, Robertson, Holland, Stennis, McGee, Humphrey, Young (ND), 

Mundt, Dworshak, Hruska, Case (NJ). 

Ellender, Johnston, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

(Except Civil Functions and Military 

Construction) 

Senators Chavez (chairman), Hayden, Russell, Hill, McClellan, 

Ellender, Robertson, Stennis, Pastore, 

Kefauver, Saltonstall, Young (ND), 

Smith (ME), Dworshak, Mundt, 

Allott. 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Case (SD). 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Holland (chairman), Hayden, Russell, Chavez, Ellender, Hill, 

McClellan, Robertson, Magnuson, 

Stennis, Pastore, Byrd (WV), Young 

(ND), Saltonstall, Mundt, Smith 

(ME), Dworshak, Kuchel. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Hayden, Kefauver, McGee, Humphrey, Case (NJ), Allott, Saltonstall, 

Cotton. 

Smith (MA), Bible, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Russell, Holland, 

Pastore, Monroney, Allott, Young 

(ND), Smith (ME), Kuchel, Hruska, 

Cotton. 

Hayden, Saltonstall. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Kerr, Anderson, Case (NJ). 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Bureau of Reclamation and 

Power Marketing Agencies) 

Senators Hayden (chairman), Chavez, Russell, McClellan, Kefauver, 

Bible, Byrd (WV), McGee, Hum-
173 

phrey, Mundt, Young (ND), 

Dworshak, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill (chairman), Chavez, 

Russell, Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, 

Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), Humphrey, Cotton, Smith (ME), Allott, 

Case (NJ). 

Hayden, Saltonstall. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Pastore (chairman), Chavez, 

Monroney, Humphrey, Saltonstall, 

Young (ND), Kuchel. 

Hayden. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Stennis (chairman), Chavez, 

Russell, Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Kuchel, Saltonstall, Case (NJ). 

Hayden, Byrd (VA), Symington, Case 

(SD). 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Hayden, Russell, McClellan, Robertson, 

Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, 

Kefauver, Monroney, Dworshak, 

Young (ND), Mundt, Smith (ME), 

Hruska. 

(Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee.) 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Kerr, McNamara, Case (SD). 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell, Stennis, 

Kefauver, Dworshak, Mundt, Smith 

(ME). 

Also on atomic energy items: Pastore, Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Hayden, 

Ellender, Magnuson, Russell, McClellan, Holland, Mundt, Young (ND), 

Dworshak. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), 

Ellender, Magnuson, Holland, Pastore, 

Kefauver, Bible, Stennis, McGee, 

Smith (ME), Saltonstall, Mundt, 

Dworshak, Hruska, Cotton. 

Hayden. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fulbright, Mansfield, Hickenlooper. 

Department of Commerce and Certain Related Agencies: Holland, 

McClellan, Ellender, Magnuson, Kefauver, Bible, Smith (ME), Saltonstall, 

Mundt, Hayden. 

DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY AND POST

OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Robertson (chairman), 

McClellan, Chavez, Monroney, Bible, 

Byrd (WV), McGee, Hruska, Kuchel, 

Allott, Cotton, Case (NJ). 

Hayden. 

Also on post office items: Johnston, 

Yarborough, Carlson. 

EIGHTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Forest Service) 

Senators Holland (chairman), Russell, Hayden, Hill, Robertson, Stennis, 

McGee, Humphrey, Mansfield, Proxmire, Young (ND), Mundt, Hruska, 

Case. 

Ellender, Johnston, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

(Except Civil Functions and Military 

Construction) 

Senators Russell (chairman), Hayden, Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, 

Monroney, Mansfield, Saltonstall, 

Young (ND), Smith, Mundt, Allott, 

Kuchel. 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Goldwater. 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Pastore (chairman), Holland, Hayden, Russell, Ellender, Hill, 

McClellan, Robertson, Magnuson, 
174 

Stennis, Byrd (WV), Monroney, 

Young (ND), Saltonstall, Mundt, 

Smith, Kuchel, Hruska. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Hayden, Humphrey, Bartlett, Proxmire, Case, Cotton. 

Saltonstall, Bible, McIntyre, Beall. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Russell, Holland, 

Pastore, Monroney, Stennis, Allott, 

Young (ND), Smith, Hruska, Cotton, 

Saltonstall. 

Hayden. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Bureau of Reclamation and 

Power Marketing Agencies) 

Senators Hayden (chairman), Russell, McClellan, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

McGee, Humphrey, Mansfield, Bartlett, Mundt, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill (chairman), Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, Bible, 

Byrd (WV), Humphrey, Holland, 

Bartlett, Cotton, Smith, Allott, Case. 

Hayden, Saltonstall. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Monroney (chairman), 

Humphrey, Bartlett, Proxmire, 

Saltonstall, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

Hayden. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Stennis (chairman), Russell, 

Bible, Ellender, McGee, Mansfield, 

Proxmire, Kuchel, Saltonstall, Hruska. 

Hayden, Byrd (VA), Symington, Goldwater. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Hayden, Russell, McClellan, Robertson, 

Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, 

Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), Pastore, 

McGee, Hruska, Young (ND), Mundt, 

Smith, Allott, Kuchel, Cotton. 

(Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee.) 

Also on river and harbor items: 

McNamara, Randolph, Cooper. 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell, Stennis, 

Bible, Pastore, Hruska, Mundt, Smith, 

Kuchel. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Hayden, 

Ellender, Magnuson, Russell, McClellan, Holland, Bible, McGee, Mundt, 

Young (ND), Allott, Hruska, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), 

Ellender, Magnuson, Holland, Pastore, 

Bible, McGee, Byrd (WV), Mansfield, 

Smith, Saltonstall, Mundt, Hruska, 

Cotton, Case. 

Hayden. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fulbright, Sparkman, 

Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Robertson (chairman), 

McClellan, Monroney, Bartlett, Proxmire, Case, Allott. 

Hayden. 
175 

Also on post office items: Johnston, 

Yarborough, Carlson. 

EIGHTY-NINTH CONGRESS 

First session—October 22, 1965 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Forest Service) 

Senators Holland (chairman), Russell, Hayden, Hill, Robertson, Stennis, 

McGee, Mansfield, Proxmire, Yarborough, Young (ND), Mundt, 

Hruska, Case. 

Ellender, Eastland, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

(Except Army Civil Functions and 

Military Construction) 

Senators Russell (chairman), Hayden, Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Robertson, Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, 

Monroney, Mansfield, Saltonstall, 

Young (ND), Smith, Mundt, Allott, 

Kuchel. 

Byrd (VA), Symington, Thurmond. 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Pastore (chairman), Holland, Hayden, Russell (GA), Ellender, 

Hill, McClellan, Robertson, Magnuson, Stennis, Byrd (WV), Monroney, 

Young (ND), Saltonstall, Mundt, 

Smith, Kuchel, Hruska. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Hayden, Bartlett, Proxmire, Yarborough, Case, Cotton. 

Saltonstall, McIntyre, Tydings, Prouty. 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Russell (GA), 

Holland, Pastore, Monroney, Stennis, 

Allott, Young (ND), Smith, Hruska, 

Cotton, Saltonstall. 

Hayden. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Bureau of Reclamation and 

Power Marketing Agencies) 

Senators Hayden (chairman), Russell 

(GA), McClellan, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

McGee, Mansfield, Bartlett, Proxmire, 

Mundt, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill (chairman), Russell 

(GA), Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, 

Bible, Byrd (WV), Holland, Bartlett, 

McGee, Cotton, Smith, Allott, Case. 

Hayden, Saltonstall. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Monroney (chairman), Bartlett, Proxmire, Yarborough, Saltonstall, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

Hayden. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Stennis (chairman), Russell 

(GA), Bible, Ellender, Mansfield, 

Proxmire, Yarborough, Kuchel, 

Saltonstall, Hruska. 

Hayden, Byrd (VA), Symington, Thurmond. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Hayden, Russell (GA), McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Pastore, McGee, Hruska, Young 

(ND), Mundt, Smith, Allott, Kuchel, 

Cotton. 

(Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee.) 

Also on river and harbor items: 

McNamara, Randolph, Cooper. 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell (GA), Stennis, Bible, Pastore, Hruska, Mundt, 

Smith, Kuchel. 
176 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Hayden, 

Ellender, Magnuson, Russell (GA), 

McClellan, Holland, Bible, McGee, 

Mundt, Young (ND), Allott, Hruska, 

Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), Ellender, Magnuson, Holland, Pastore, 

Bible, McGee, Byrd (WV), Mansfield, 

Smith, Saltonstall, Mundt, Hruska, 

Cotton, Case. 

Hayden. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fulbright, Sparkman, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Robertson (chairman), McClellan, Monroney, Bartlett, Yarborough, Case, Allott. 

Hayden. 

Also on post office items: Randolph, 

Brewster, Carlson. 

Second session—September 2, 1966 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Forest Service) 

Senators Holland (chairman), Russell 

(GA), Hayden, Hill, Robertson, Stennis, McGee, Mansfield, Proxmire, Yarborough, Young (ND), Mundt, 

Hruska, Case. 

Ellender, Eastland, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

(Except Army Civil Functions and 

Military Construction) 

Senators Russell (GA) (chairman), 

Hayden, Hill, McClellan, Ellender, 

Robertson, Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Monroney, Mansfield, Saltonstall, 

Young (ND), Smith, Mundt, Allott, 

Kuchel. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Pastore (chairman), Holland, Hayden, Russell (GA), Ellender, 

Hill, McClellan, Robertson, Magnuson, Stennis, Byrd (WV), Monroney, 

Young (ND), Saltonstall, Mundt, 

Smith, Kuchel, Hruska. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Hayden, Bartlett, Proxmire, Yarborough, Case, Cotton. 

Saltonstall, McIntyre, Tydings, Prouty. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Hill, 

Ellender, Robertson, Russell (GA), 

Holland, Pastore, Monroney, Stennis, 

Allott, Young (ND), Smith, Hruska, 

Cotton, Saltonstall. 

Hayden. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

(Except Bureau of Reclamation and 

Power Marketing Agencies) 

Senators Hayden (chairman), Russell 

(GA), McClellan, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

McGee, Mansfield, Bartlett, Proxmire, 

Mundt, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WEL- FARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill (chairman), Russell 

(GA), Magnuson, Stennis, Pastore, 

Bible, Byrd (WV), Holland, Bartlett, 

McGee, Cotton, Smith, Allott, Case. 

Hayden, Saltonstall. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Monroney (chairman), Bartlett, Proxmire, Yarborough, Saltonstall, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

Hayden. 
177 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Stennis (chairman), Russell 

(GA), Bible, Ellender, Mansfield, 

Proxmire, Yarborough, Kuchel, 

Saltonstall, Hruska. 

Hayden, Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Hayden, Russell (GA), McClellan, Robertson, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, Monroney, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Pastore, McGee, Hruska, Young 

(ND), Mundt, Smith, Allott, Kuchel, 

Cotton. 

(Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee.) 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Young (OH), Cooper. 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell (GA), Stennis, Bible, Pastore, Hruska, Mundt, 

Smith, Kuchel. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hickenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Marketing Agencies: Hayden, 

Ellender, Magnuson, Russell (GA), 

McClellan, Holland, Bible, McGee, 

Mundt, Young (ND), Allott, Hruska, 

Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), Ellender, Magnuson, Holland, Pastore, 

Bible, McGee, Byrd (WV), Mansfield, 

Smith, Saltonstall, Mundt, Hruska, 

Cotton, Case. 

Hayden. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fulbright, Sparkman, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Robertson (chairman), 

McClellan, Monroney, Bartlett, Yarborough, Case, Allott. 

Hayden. 

Also on post office items: Randolph, 

Brewster, Carlson. 

NINETIETH CONGRESS 

First session—December 20, 1967 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland (chairman), Russell, Hayden, Hill, Stennis, McGee, 

Proxmire, Yarborough, Hruska, 

Young (ND), Mundt, Javits. 

Ellender, Eastland, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Russell (chairman), Hayden, Hill, McClellan, Ellender, Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Monroney, 

Mansfield, Young (ND), Smith, 

Mundt, Allott, Kuchel. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Pastore (chairman), Holland, Hayden, Russell, Ellender, Hill, 

McClellan, Magnuson, Stennis, Byrd 

(WV), Monroney, Bible, Bartlett, 

Mundt, Young (ND), Smith, Kuchel, 

Hruska, Allott. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Hayden, Proxmire, Yarborough, 

Hruska, Javits. 

Morse, Spong, Morton. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Hill, 

Ellender, Russell, Holland, Pastore, 

Monroney, Stennis, Mansfield, Allott, 

Smith, Hruska, Cotton, Case, Javits. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Hickenlooper. 
178 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden (chairman), Russell, McClellan, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

McGee, Bartlett, Proxmire, Mundt, 

Young (ND), Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill (chairman), Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Holland, Bartlett, Javits, Cotton, Case. 

Hayden. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Bartlett (chairman), Proxmire, Yarborough, Kuchel, Cotton. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Bible (chairman), Russell, 

Ellender, Mansfield, Proxmire, Yarborough, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

Hayden, Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Hayden, Russell, McClellan, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, Monroney, 

Bible, Byrd (WV), Pastore, McGee, 

Kuchel, Hruska, Young (ND), Mundt, 

Smith, Allott, Case. 

(Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee.) 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Young (OH), Cooper. 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell, Stennis, 

Bible, Pastore, Kuchel, Hruska, 

Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hichenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Activities: Hayden, Ellender, 

Magnuson, Russell, McClellan, Holland, Bible, McGee, Mundt, Young 

(ND), Allott, Hruska, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), Ellender, Holland, Pastore, McGee, 

Byrd (WV), Mansfield, Smith, 

Hruska, Cotton, Case, Javits. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fullbright, Sparkman, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Senators Stennis (chairman), McClellan, Magnuson, Pastore, Monroney, 

Bible, McGee, Mansfield, Bartlett, 

Cotton, Mundt, Smith, Hruska, 

Allott. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Monroney (chairman), Bartlett, Yarborough, Case, allott. 

Hayden. 

Also on post office items: Randolph, 

Brewster, Carlson. 

Second session—March 15, 1968 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland (chairman), Russell, Hayden, Hill, Stennis, McGee, 

Proxmire, Yarborough, Hruska, 

Young (ND), Mundt, Javits. 

Ellender, Eastland, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Russell (chairman), Hayden, Hill, McClellan, Stennis, Pastore, 

Magnuson, Monroney, Mansfield, 

Young (ND), Smith, Mundt, Allott, 

Kuchel. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Pastore, (chairman), Holland, Hayden, Russell, Ellender, Hill, 

McClellan, Magnuson, Stennis, Byrd 

(WV), Monroney, Bible, Bartlett, 

Mundt, Young (ND), Smith, Kuchel, 

Hruska, Allott. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), Hayden, Proxmire, Yarborough, 

Hruska, Javits. 
179 

Morse, Spong, Morton. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

(To be considered by entire committee) 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Hill, 

Ellender, Russell, Holland, Pastore, 

Monroney, Stennis, Mansfield, Allott, 

Smith, Hruska, Cotton, Case, Javits. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hayden (chairman), Russell, McClellan, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

McGee, Bartlett, Proxmire, Mundt, 

Young (ND), Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Hill (chairman), Russell, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Holland, Bartlett, Javits, Cotton, Case. 

Hayden. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Bartlett (chairman), Proxmire, Yarborough, Kuchel, Cotton. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Bible (chairman), Russell, 

Ellender, Mansfield, Proxmire, Yarborough, Young (ND), Kuchel. 

Hayden, Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Hayden, Russell, McClellan, Hill, Magnuson, Holland, Stennis, Monroney, 

Bible, Byrd (WV), Pastore, McGee, 

Kuchel, Hruska, Young (ND), Mundt, 

Smith, Allott, Case. 

(Army civil functions: Entire subcommittee.) 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Young (OH), Cooper. 

Atomic Energy Commission-Tennessee Valley Authority: Hill, 

Ellender, Hayden, Russell, Stennis, 

Bible, Pastore, Kuchel, Hruska, 

Mundt, Smith. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Hichenlooper. 

Bureau of Reclamation and Interior 

Power Activities: Hayden, Ellender, 

Magnuson, Russell, McClellan, Holland, Bible, McGee, Mundt, Young 

(ND), Allott, Hruska, Kuchel. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), 

Ellender, Holland, Pastore, McGee, 

Mansfield, Bartlett, Smith, Hruska, 

Cotton, Case, Javits. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fullbright, Sparkman, Hickenlooper. 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Senators Stennis (chairman), McClellan, Magnuson, Pastore, Monroney, 

Bible, McGee, Mansfield, Bartlett, 

Cotton, Mundt, Smith, Hruska, 

Allott. 

Hayden, Young (ND). 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Monroney (chairman), Yarborough, Byrd (WV), Case, allott. 

Hayden. 

Also on post office items: Randolph, 

Brewster, Carlson. 

NINETY-FIRST CONGRESS 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Holland (chairman), Russell, Stennis, McGee, Proxmire, Yarborough, Byrd (WV), Hruska, Young 

(ND), Mundt, Fong, Boggs. 

Ellender, Eastland, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Senators Russell (chairman), McClellan, Ellender, Stennis, Pastore, Mag-
180 

nuson, Mansfield, Young (ND), 

Smith, Mundt, Allott, Hruska. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

Central Intelligence Agency: Russell, McClellan, Ellender, Young 

(ND), Mundt. 

DEFICIENCIES AND SUPPLEMENTALS

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Pastore, Holland, Ellender, McClellan, 

Magnuson, Stennis, Mundt, Young 

(ND), Smith, Hruska, Allott. 

Russell. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Yarborough, Montoya, Pearson, Young 

(ND). 

Russell, Eagleton, Spong, Mathias. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McGee (chairman), 

Ellender, McClellan, Holland, Montoya, Fong, Cotton, Pearson. 

Russell, Young (ND). 

INDEPENDENT OFFICES

Senators Pastore (chairman), Magnuson, Ellender, Russell, Holland, Stennis, Mansfield, Allott, Smith, Hruska, 

Cotton, Case. 

Young (ND). 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Curtis. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND

RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Bible (chairman), McClellan, Byrd (WV), McGee, Proxmire, 

Montoya, Mundt, Young (ND), 

Boggs, Fong. 

Russell. 

DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, AND

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Russell, Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), Holland, Cotton, Case, Fong, Boggs. 

Young (ND). 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Montoya (chairman), Proxmire, Yarborough, Pearson, Cotton. 

Russell, Young (ND). 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mansfield (chairman), Bible, Proxmire, Yarborough, Boggs, 

Pearson, Fong. 

Russell, Young (ND), Symington, 

Cannon, Goldwater. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Ellender (chairman), Russell, McClellan, Magnuson, Holland, 

Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), Pastore, 

McGee, Young (ND), Hruska, Mundt, 

Smith, Allott, Case, Cotton. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Young (OH), Cooper. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Gore, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE, 

AND COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), Ellender, Pastore, Mansfield, Smith, 

Hruska, Case. 

Russell, Young (ND). 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fulbright, Sparkman, Aiken. 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Senators Stennis (chairman), Magnuson, Pastore, Bible, McGee, Mansfield, 

Case, Mundt, Smith, Allott, Pearson. 

Russell, Young (ND). 

DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND

POST OFFICE AND EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Senators Yarborough (chairman), 

Byrd (WV), Montoya, Boggs, Allott. 

Russell, Young (ND). 

Also on post office items: McGee, 

Randolph, Fong. 

NINETY-SECOND CONGRESS 

First session—April 22, 1971 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND

CONSUMER PROTECTION

Senators McGee (chairman), Stennis, 

Proxmire, Byrd (WV), Mansfield, 

Inouye, Hruska, Young, Mundt, Fong, 

Boggs. 
181 

Talmadge, Eastland, Miller. 

DEFENSE

Senators Ellender (chairman), McClellan, Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Mansfield, Bible, Young, Smith, 

Allott, Hruska, Cotton, Case. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

Intelligence operations: Ellender, 

McClellan, Stennis, Young, Smith. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Inouye (chairman), Montoya, Hollings, Percy, Boggs. 

Eagleton, Stevenson, Mathias. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Proxmire (chairman), McGee, Ellender, McClellan, Fong, 

Cotton, Brooke. 

HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, SPACE, SCIENCE

Senators Pastore (chairman), Magnuson, Ellender, Stennis, Mansfield, 

McGee, Allott, Smith, Hruska, Case, 

Percy. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Curtis. 

INTERIOR

Senators Bible (chairman), McClellan, Byrd (WV), McGee, Montoya, 

Inouye, Percy, Mundt, Young, Boggs, 

Fong. 

LABOR, AND HEALTH, EDUCATION, 

AND WELFARE, AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), Proxmire, 

Montoya, Hollings, Cotton, Case, 

Fong, Boggs, Percy, Brooke. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Hollings (chairman), Ellender, Inouye, Cotton, Brooke. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mansfield (chairman), Proxmire, Montoya, Hollings, Brooke, 

Boggs, Percy. 

Symington, Cannon, Tower. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Stennis (chairman), Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, Bible, 

Byrd (WV), Pastore, McGee, Mundt, 

Young, Hruska, Smith, Allott, Case, 

Cotton. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Muskie, Cooper. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Jackson, Aiken. 

STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators McClellan (chairman), 

Ellender, Pastore, Mansfield, Hollings, 

Smith, Hruska, Fong, Brooke. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

Items: Fulbright, Sparkman, Aiken. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Stennis, Magnuson, Pastore, Bible, 

Proxmire, Case, Mundt, Smith, Allott, 

Percy. 

TREASURY AND POST OFFICE AND

GENERAL GOVERNMENT

Senators Montoya (chairman), Ellender, Inouye, Boggs, Allott. 

Also on post office items: McGee, 

Randolph, Fong. 

Second session—January 2, 1972 

(Ex officio committeemen’s names appear in 

italics) 

AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND

CONSUMER PROTECTION

Senators McGee (chairman), Stennis, 

Proxmire, Byrd (WV), Inouye, Bayh, 

Hruska, Young, Fong, Boggs, Hatfield. 

Talmadge, Eastland, Miller. 

DEFENSE

Senators McClellan (chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Mansfield, 

Bible, McGee, Young, Smith, Allott, 

Hruska, Cotton, Case. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

Intelligence operations: McClellan, 

Stennis, Pastore, Young, Smith. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bayh (chairman), Inouye, 

Hollings, Hatfield, Stevens. 

Eagleton, Stevenson, Mathias. 
182 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Proxmire, McGee, McClellan, Fong, 

Brooke, Hatfield. 

HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, 

SPACE, SCIENCE, AND VETERANS

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Pastore, Stennis, Mansfield, Inouye, Bayh, 

Allott, Smith, Hruska, Case, Fong. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Anderson, Symington, Curtis. 

INTERIOR

Senators Bible (chairman), McClellan, Byrd (WV), McGee, Montoya, 

Inouye, Stevens, Young, Boggs, 

Hruska, Hatfield. 

LABOR, AND HEALTH, EDUCATION, 

AND WELFARE, AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), Proxmire, 

Montoya, Hollings, Cotton, Case, 

Fong, Boggs, Brooke, Stevens. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

McClellan, Bayh, Cotton, Brooke. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mansfield (chairman), Proxmire, Montoya, Hollings, Brooke, 

Boggs, Stevens. 

Symington, Cannon, Tower. 

PUBLIC WORKS, AEC

Senators Stennis (chairman), McClellan, Magnuson, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Pastore, McGee, Montoya, Hatfield, 

Young, Hruska, Smith, Allott, Case, 

Cotton. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Muskie, Cooper. 

Also on atomic energy items: Anderson, Jackson, Aiken. 

STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Pastore (chairman), McClellan, Mansfield, Hollings, Magnuson, 

Smith, Hruska, Fong, Brooke. 

Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Fulbright, Sparkman, Aiken. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Stennis, Magnuson, Pastore, Bible, 

Mansfield, Case, Smith, Allott, Cotton, Stevens. 

TREASURY, U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, AND

GENERAL GOVERNMENT

Senators Montoya (chairman), McClellan, Bayh, Boggs, Allott. 

Also on post office items: McGee, 

Randolph, Fong. 

NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS 

First session—June 1, 1973 

(The names of ex officio members appear 

in italics. Senator McClellan, as chairman 

of the committee, and Senator Young, as 

ranking minority member, are ex officio 

members of all subcommittees of which they 

are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND

CONSUMER PROTECTION

Senators McGee (chairman), Stennis, 

Proxmire, Byrd (WV), Inouye, Bayh, 

Hollings, Eagleton, Fong, Hruska, 

Young, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

DEFENSE

Senators McClellan (chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Mansfield, 

Bible, McGee, Young, Hruska, Cotton, Case, Fong, Brooke. 

Intelligence operations: McClellan 

(chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Young, 

Hruska. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bayh (chairman), Inouye, 

Chiles, Mathias, Bellmon. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), McGee, 

McClellan, Chiles, Brooke, Hatfield, 

Mathias. 

HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, 

SPACE, SCIENCE, AND VETERANS

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Pastore, Stennis, Mansfield, Inouye, Bayh, 

Chiles, Mathias, Case, Fong, Brooke, 

Stevens. 
183 

INTERIOR

Senators Bible (chairman), McClellan, Byrd (WV), McGee, Montoya, 

Inouye, Chiles, Stevens, Young, 

Hruska, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

LABOR, AND HEALTH, EDUCATION, 

AND WELFARE, AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), 

Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), Proxmire, 

Montoya, Hollings, Eagleton, Cotton, 

Case, Fong, Brooke, Stevens, 

Schweiker. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Hollings (chairman), Bayh, 

Eagleton, Cotton, Schweiker. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mansfield (chairman), Proxmire, Montoya, Hollings, Schweiker, 

Mathias, Bellmon. 

PUBLIC WORKS, AEC

Senators Stennis (chairman), McClellan, Magnuson, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Pastore, McGee, Montoya, Hatfield, 

Young, Hruska, Case, Stevens, 

Schweiker, Bellmon. 

STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Pastore (chairman), McClellan, Mansfield, Hollings, Magnuson, 

Eagleton, Hruska, Fong, Brooke, Cotton. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Stennis, Magnuson, Pastore, Bible, 

Mansfield, Case, Cotton, Stevens, Mathias, Schweiker. 

TREASURY, U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, AND

GENERAL GOVERNMENT

Senators Montoya (chairman), Bayh, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Bellmon, Hatfield. 

July 26, 1974 

(The names of ex officio members appear 

in italics. Senator McClellan, as chairman 

of the committee, and Senator Young, as 

ranking minority member, are ex officio 

members of all subcommittees of which they 

are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND

CONSUMER PROTECTION

Senators McGee (chairman), Stennis, 

Proxmire, Byrd (WV), Inouye, Bayh, 

Hollings, Eagleton, Fong, Hruska, 

Young, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

DEFENSE

Senators McClellan (chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Mansfield, 

Bible, McGee, Young, Hruska, Cotton, Case, Fong, Brooke. 

Intelligence operations: McClellan 

(chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Young, 

Hruska. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Bayh (chairman), Inouye, 

Chiles, Mathias, Bellmon. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Proxmire, McGee, McClellan, Chiles, 

Brooke, Hatfield, Mathias. 

HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, 

SPACE, SCIENCE, AND VETERANS

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Pastore, Stennis, Mansfield, Inouye, Bayh, 

Chiles, Mathias, Case, Fong, Brooke, 

Stevens. 

INTERIOR

Senators Bible (chairman), McClellan, Byrd (WV), McGee, Montoya, 

Inouye, Chiles, Stevens, Young, 

Hruska, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

LABOR, AND HEALTH, EDUCATION, 

AND WELFARE, AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Magnuson (chairman), 

Stennis, Bible, Byrd (WV), Proxmire, 

Montoya, Hollings, Eagleton, Cotton, 

Case, Fong, Brooke, Stevens, 

Schweiker. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Hollings (chairman), Bayh, 

Eagleton, Cotton, Schweiker. 
184 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mansfield (chairman), Proxmire, Montoya, Hollings, Schweiker, 

Mathias, Bellmon. 

PUBLIC WORKS, AEC

Senators Stennis (chairman), McClellan, Magnuson, Bible, Byrd (WV), 

Pastore, McGee, Montoya, Hatfield, 

Young, Hruska, Case, Stevens, 

Schweiker, Bellmon. 

STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Pastore (chairman), McClellan, Mansfield, Hollings, Magnuson, 

Eagleton, Hruska, Fong, Brooke, Cotton. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), 

Stennis, Magnuson, Pastore, Bible, 

Mansfield, Case, Cotton, Stevens, Mathias, Schweiker. 

TREASURY, U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, AND

GENERAL GOVERNMENT

Senators Montoya (chairman), Bayh, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Bellmon, Hatfield. 

NINETY-FOURTH CONGRESS 

(The names of ex officio members appear 

in italics. Senator McClellan, as chairman 

of the committee, and Senator Young, as 

ranking minority member, are ex officio 

members of all subcommittees of which they 

are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators McGee (chairman), Stennis, 

Proxmire, Byrd (WV), Inouye, Bayh, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Fong, Hruska, 

Young, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

Talmadge, Eastland, Dole. 

DEFENSE

Senators McClellan (chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Magnuson, Mansfield, 

McGee, Proxmire, Montoya, Inouye, 

Young, Hruska, Case, Fong, Stevens, 

Schweiker. 

Symington, Jackson, Thurmond. 

Intelligence operations: McClellan 

(chairman), Stennis, Pastore, Young, 

Hruska. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Chiles (chairman), Johnston, Huddleston, Mathias, Schweiker. 

Eagleton, Inouye, Bartlett. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Proxmire, McGee, Chiles, Johnston, 

Brooke, Hatfield, Mathias. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Pastore, Stennis, Mansfield, Bayh, Chiles, 

Johnston, Huddleston, Mathias, Case, 

Fong, Brooke, Bellmon. 

Also on aeronautical and space activities: Moss, Symington, Goldwater. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (WV) (chairman), McClellan, McGee, Montoya, Inouye, 

Chiles, Mansfield, Hollings, Stevens, 

Young, Hruska, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

LABOR, HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND

WELFARE

Senators Magnuson (chairman), 

Stennis, Byrd (WV), Proxmire, Montoya, Hollings, Eagleton, Bayh, Chiles, 

Brooke, Case, Fong, Stevens, 

Schweiker. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

McClellan, Huddleston, Schweiker, 

Mathias. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mansfield (chairman), Inouye, Johnston, Huddleston, Stevens, Bellmon, Brooke. 

Symington, Cannon, Tower. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Stennis (chairman), Magnuson, Byrd (WV), Pastore, McGee, 

Montoya, Hollings, Johnston, Huddleston, Hatfield, Young, Hruska, Case, 

Schweiker, Bellmon. 

Also on river and harbor items: 

Randolph, Muskie, Baker. 
185 

Also on atomic energy items: Jackson, Symington, Baker. 

STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY

Senators Pastore (chairman), McClellan, Mansfield, Hollings, Magnuson, 

Eagleton, Johnston, Huddleston, 

Hruska, Fong, Brooke, Hatfield, Stevens. Also on diplomatic and consular 

items: Sparkman, Church, Javits. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Bayh (chairman), Byrd 

(WV), Stennis, Magnuson, Pastore, 

Eagleton, Case, Stevens, Mathias, 

Schweiker. 

TREASURY, U.S. POSTAL SERVICE, AND

GENERAL GOVERNMENT

Senators Montoya (chairman), Bayh, 

Eagleton, McClellan, Bellmon, Hatfield. 

Also on Postal Service items: 

McGee, Randolph, Fong. 

NINETY-FIFTH CONGRESS 

February 23, 1977 

(Senator McClellan, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Young, as ranking 

minority member, serve ex officio, without 

vote, as members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Eagleton (chairman), Stennis, Proxmire, Byrd (WV), Inouye, 

Bayh, Chiles, Burdick, Bellmon, 

Young, Hatfield, Stevens. 

DEFENSE

Senators McClellan (chairman), Stennis, Magnuson, Proxmire, Inouye, 

Hollings, Eagleton, Chiles, Young, 

Case, Stevens, Schweiker, Brooke. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Leahy (chairman), Burdick, 

DeConcini, Mathias, Weicker. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Proxmire, Chiles, Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini, Schweiker, Brooke, Hatfield, Mathias. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Stennis, Bayh, Huddleston, Leahy, Sasser, 

Mathias, Case, Brooke, Bellmon. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), McClellan, Hollings, Bayh, Johnston, Huddleston, Leahy, DeConcini, Stevens, 

Young, Hatfield, Bellmon. 

LABOR, HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND

WELFARE

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Byrd 

(WV), Proxmire, Hollings, Eagleton, 

Bayh, Chiles, Burdick, Brooke, Case, 

Schweiker, Mathias. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Huddleston (chairman), 

McClellan, Sasser, Schweiker, 

Weicker. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Johnston (chairman), 

Inouye, Huddleston, Sasser, Stevens, 

Bellmon. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Stennis (chairman), Magnuson, Byrd (WV), Hollings, Johnston, 

Huddleston, Burdick, Sasser, Hatfield, 

Young, Case, Schweiker, Bellmon. 

STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

McClellan, Magnuson, Eagleton, 

Inouye, Burdick, Leahy, DeConcini, 

Weicker, Brooke, Hatfield, Stevens. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Bayh (chairman), Byrd, 

Stennis, Magnuson, Eagleton, Johnston, Case, Mathias, Weicker. 
186 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Chiles (chairman), McClellan, Sasser, DeConcini, Weicker, 

Young. 

February 20, 1978 

(Senator Magnuson, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Young, as ranking 

minority member, are ex officio members of 

all subcommittees of which they are not 

regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Eagleton (chairman), Stennis, Proxmire, Byrd, Inouye, Bayh, 

Chiles, Burdick, Bellmon, Young, 

Hatfield, Stevens. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stennis (chairman), Magnuson, Proxmire, Inouye, Hollings, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Bumpers, Young, 

Case, Stevens, Schweiker, Brooke. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Leahy (chairman), DeConcini, Bumpers, Mathias, Weicker. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Proxmire, Chiles, Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini, Schweiker, Brooke, Hatfield, Mathias. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Stennis, Bayh, Huddleston, Leahy, Sasser, 

Mathias, Case, Brooke, Bellmon. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Hollings, 

Bayh, Johnston, Huddleston, Leahy, 

DeConcini, Burdick, Stevens, Young, 

Hatfield, Bellmon. 

LABOR, HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND

WELFARE

Senators Magnuson (chairman), Byrd, Proxmire, Hollings, Eagleton, 

Bayh, Chiles, Burdick, Brooke, Case, 

Schweiker, Mathias. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Sasser (chairman), Huddleston, Bumpers, Schweiker, Weicker. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Huddleston (chairman), 

Johnston, Inouye, Sasser, Stevens, 

Bellmon. 

PUBLIC WORKS

Senators Johnston (chairman), Stennis, Magnuson, Byrd, Hollings, Huddleston, Burdick, Sasser, Hatfield, 

Young, Case, Schweiker, Bellmon. 

STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), Magnuson, Eagleton, Inouye, Burdick, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Bumpers, Weicker, 

Brooke, Hatfield, Stevens. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Bayh (chairman), Byrd, 

Stennis, Magnuson, Eagleton, Johnston, Case, Mathias, Weicker. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Chiles (chairman), Sasser, 

DeConcini, Bumpers, Weicker, 

Young. 

NINETY-SIXTH CONGRESS 

March 8, 1979 

(Senator Magnuson, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Young, as ranking 

minority member, are ex officio members of 

all subcommittees of which they are not 

regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Eagleton (chairman), Stennis, Proxmire, Byrd, Bayh, Chiles, 

Burdick, Sasser, Bellmon, Young, 

McClure, Garn, Schmitt. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stennis (chairman), Magnuson, Proxmire, Inouye, Hollings, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Johnston, Huddleston, Leahy, Bumpers, Young, Stevens, 
187 

Schweiker, Bellmon, Weicker, Garn, 

McClure. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Leahy (chairman), Bumpers, 

Durkin, Mathias, Schmitt. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Johnston (chairman), Stennis, Magnuson, Byrd, Hollings, Huddleston, Burdick, Sasser, DeConcini, 

Hatfield, Young, Schweiker, Bellmon, 

McClure, Garn, Schmitt. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Proxmire, Chiles, Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini, Garn, Hatfield, Mathias, 

Schweiker. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Stennis, Bayh, Huddleston, Leahy, Sasser, 

Durkin, Mathias, Bellmon, Weicker, 

Laxalt, Schmitt. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Hollings, 

Bayh, Johnston, Huddleston, Leahy, 

DeConcini, Burdick, Durkin, Stevens, 

Young, Hatfield, Bellmon, McClure, 

Laxalt. 

LABOR, HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND

WELFARE

Senators Magnuson (chairman), 

Byrd, Proxmire, Hollings, Eagleton, 

Bayh, Chiles, Burdick, Inouye, 

Schweiker, Mathias, Hatfield, 

Weicker, Schmitt. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Sasser (chairman), Bumpers, 

Durkin, Stevens, Schweiker. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Huddleston (chairman), 

Johnston, Inouye, Sasser, Laxalt, Stevens. 

STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), Magnuson, Eagleton, Inouye, Burdick, 

DeConcini, Bumpers, Weicker, Hatfield, Stevens, Laxalt, Garn. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Bayh (chairman), Byrd, 

Stennis, Magnuson, Eagleton, Durkin, 

McClure, Mathias, Weicker. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Chiles (chairman), DeConcini, Bumpers, Schmitt, Laxalt. 

NINETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS 

January 6, 1981 

(Senator Hatfield, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Proxmire, as ranking minority member of the committee, are 

ex officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), 

McClure, Andrews, Abdnor, Kasten, 

Mattingly, Specter, Eagleton, Stennis, 

Byrd, Chiles, Burdick, Sasser. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), 

Weicker, Garn, McClure, Schmitt, 

Andrews, Kasten, D’Amato, Rudman, 

Stennis, Proxmire, Inouye, Hollings, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Johnston, Huddleston. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators D’Amato (chairman), 

Weicker, Specter, Leahy, Bumpers. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Hatfield (chairman), 

McClure, Garn, Schmitt, Cochran, 

Abdnor, Kasten, Mattingly, Johnston, 

Stennis, Byrd, Hollings, Huddleston, 

Burdick, Sasser. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Kasten (chairman), Hatfield, D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, 

Inouye, Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Garn (chairman), Weicker, 

Laxalt, Schmitt, D’Amato, Specter, 

Huddleston, Stennis, Proxmire, Leahy, 

Sasser. 
188 

INTERIOR

Senators McClure (chairman), Stevens, Laxalt, Garn, Schmitt, Cochran, 

Andrews, Rudman, Byrd, Johnston, 

Huddleston, Leahy, DeConcini, Burdick, Bumpers. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Schmitt (chairman), Hatfield, Weicker, Stevens, Andrews, 

Abdnor, Rudman, Specter, Proxmire, 

Byrd, Hollings, Eagleton, Chiles, Burdick, Inouye. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Mattingly (chairman), Stevens, Hatfield, Bumpers, Hollings. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Laxalt (chairman), Garn, 

Mattingly, Sasser, Inouye. 

STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, THE

JUDICIARY

Senators Weicker (chairman), Stevens, Laxalt, Cochran, Rudman, Hollings, Inouye, DeConcini, Bumpers. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Andrews (chairman), Cochran, Abdnor, Kasten, D’Amato, 

Chiles, Stennis, Byrd, Eagleton. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Abdnor (chairman), Laxalt, 

Mattingly, DeConcini, Proxmire. 

NINETY-EIGHTH CONGRESS 

Majority—January 3, 1983 

Minority—January 24, 1983 

(Senator Hatfield, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Stennis, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), 

McClure, Andrews, Abdnor, Kasten, 

Mattingly, Specter, Eagleton, Stennis, 

Byrd, Chiles, Burdick, Sasser. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Laxalt (chairman), Stevens, 

Weicker, Rudman, Hatfield, Specter, 

Hollings, Inouye, DeConcini, Bumpers, Eagleton. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Weicker, Garn, McClure, Andrews, 

Kasten, D’Amato, Rudman, Cochran, 

Stennis, Proxmire, Inouye, Hollings, 

Eagleton, Chiles, Johnston, Huddleston. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Specter (chairman), Mattingly, Domenici, Leahy, Bumpers. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Hatfield (chairman), 

McClure, Garn, Cochran, Abdnor, 

Kasten, Mattingly, Domenici, Johnston, Stennis, Byrd, Hollings, Huddleston, Burdick, Sasser. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Kasten (chairman), Hatfield, D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, 

Inouye, Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Garn (chairman), Weicker, 

Laxalt, D’Amato, Abdnor, Domenici, 

Huddleston, Stennis, Proxmire, Leahy, 

Sasser. 

INTERIOR

Senators McClure (chairman), Stevens, Laxalt, Garn, Cochran, Andrews, 

Rudman, Weicker, Byrd, Johnston, 

Huddleston, Leahy, DeConcini, Burdick, Bumpers. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Weicker (chairman), Hatfield, Stevens, Andrews, Rudman, 

Specter, McClure, Domenici, Proxmire, Byrd, Hollings, Eagleton, 

Chiles, Burdick, Inouye. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators D’Amato (chairman), Hatfield, Stevens, Bumpers, Hollings. 
189 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mattingly (chairman), Laxalt, Garn, Sasser, Inouye. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Andrews (chairman), Cochran, Abdnor, Kasten, D’Amato, 

Chiles, Stennis, Byrd, Eagleton. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Abdnor (chairman), Laxalt, 

Mattingly, DeConcini, Proxmire. 

NINETY-NINTH CONGRESS 

Majority—January 3, 1983 

Minority—March 6, 1985 

(Senator Hatfield, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Stennis, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), 

McClure, Andrews, Abdnor, Kasten, 

Mattingly, Specter, Burdick, Stennis, 

Chiles, Sasser, Bumpers, Harkin. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Rudman (chairman), Stevens, Weicker, Hatfield, Laxalt, Specter, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Chiles, Lautenberg. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), 

Weicker, Garn, McClure, Andrews, 

Kasten, D’Amato, Rudman, Cochran, 

Stennis, Proxmire, Inouye, Hollings, 

Chiles, Johnston, Byrd, Sasser. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Specter (chairman), Mattingly, Domenici, Lautenberg, Harkin. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Hatfield (chairman), McClure, Garn, Cochran, Abdnor, 

Kasten, Mattingly, Domenici, Johnston, Stennis, Byrd, Hollings, Burdick, Sasser, DeConcini. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Kasten (chairman), Hatfield, D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, 

Inouye, Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Garn (chairman), Weicker, 

Laxalt, D’Amato, Abdnor, Domenici, 

Leahy, Stennis, Proxmire, Johnston, 

Lautenberg. 

INTERIOR

Senators McClure (chairman), Stevens, Laxalt, Garn, Cochran, Andrews, 

Rudman, Weicker, Byrd, Johnston, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Burdick, Bumpers, 

Hollings. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Weicker (chairman), Hatfield, Stevens, Andrews, Rudman, 

Specter, McClure, Domenici, Proxmire, Byrd, Hollings, Chiles, Burdick, 

Inouye, Harkin. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators D’Amato (chairman), Hatfield, Stevens, Bumpers, Harkin. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Mattingly (chairman), Laxalt, Garn, Sasser, Inouye. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Andrews (chairman), Cochran, Abdnor, Kasten, D’Amato, 

Chiles, Stennis, Byrd, Lautenberg. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Abdnor (chairman), Laxalt, 

Mattingly, DeConcini, Proxmire. 

ONE HUNDREDTH CONGRESS 

Majority—January 14, 1987 

Minority—January 14, 1987 

(Senator Stennis, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Hatfield, as ranking minority member of the committee, are 

ex officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 
190 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Burdick (chairman), Stennis, Chiles, Sasser, Bumpers, Harkin, 

Cochran, McClure, Kasten, Specter, 

Grassley. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), Inouye, Bumpers, Chiles, Lautenberg, 

Sasser, Rudman, Stevens Weicker, 

Hatfield, Kasten. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stennis (chairman), Proxmire, Inouye, Hollings, Chiles, Johnston, Byrd, Leahy, Sasser, DeConcini, 

Stevens, Weicker, Garn, McClure, 

Kasten, D’Amato, Rudman, Cochran. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Harkin (chairman), Lautenberg, Reid, Nickles, Grassley. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Johnston (chairman), Stennis, Byrd, Hollings, Burdick, Sasser, 

DeConcini, Hatfield, McClure, Garn, 

Cochran, Domenici, Specter. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Inouye (chairman), Johnston, Leahy, DeConcini, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Mikulski, Kasten, Hatfield, 

D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, Nickles. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Proxmire (chairman), Stennis, Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, Mikulski, Garn, D’Amato, Domenici, 

Grassley, Nickles. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Johnston, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Burdick, Bumpers, 

Hollings, Reid, McClure, Stevens, 

Garn, Cochran, Rudman, Weicker, 

Nickles. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Chiles (chairman), Byrd, 

Proxmire, Hollings, Burdick, Inouye, 

Harkin, Bumpers, Weicker, Hatfield, 

Stevens, Rudman, Specter, McClure, 

Domenici. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Bumpers (chairman), Mikulski, Reid, Grassley, Hatfield. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Sasser (chairman), Inouye, 

Proxmire, Reid, Specter, Garn, Stevens. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Lautenberg (chairman), 

Stennis, Byrd, Chiles, Harkin, 

D’Amato, Cochran, Kasten, Weicker. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators DeConcini (chairman), Proxmire, Mikulski, Domenici, 

D’Amato. 

ONE HUNDRED FIRST 

CONGRESS 

(Senator Byrd, as chairman of the committee, and Senator Hatfield, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE AND RELATED

AGENCIES

Senators Burdick (chairman), Bumpers, Harkin, Adams, Fowler, Kerrey, 

Cochran, McClure, Kasten, Specter, 

Grassley. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

Inouye, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Sasser, 

Adams, Rudman, Stevens, Hatfield, 

Kasten, Gramm. 

DEFENSE

Senators Inouye (chairman), Hollings, Johnston, Byrd, Leahy, Sasser, 

DeConcini, Bumpers, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Stevens, Garn, McClure, Kasten, D’Amato, Rudman, Cochran, 

Specter. 
191 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Adams (chairman), Fowler, 

Kerrey, Gramm, Domenici. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Johnston (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Burdick, Sasser, DeConcini, 

Reid, Hatfield, McClure, Garn, Cochran, Domenici, Specter. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Leahy (chairman), Inouye, 

Johnston, DeConcini, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Mikulski, Kasten, Hatfield, 

D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, Nickles. 

HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Mikulski (chairman), 

Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, Fowler, 

Kerrey, Garn, D’Amato, Grassley, 

Nickles, Gramm. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Johnston, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Burdick, Bumpers, 

Hollings, Reid, McClure, Stevens, 

Garn, Cochran, Rudman, Nickles, 

Domenici. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Harkin (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Burdick, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Reid, Adams, Specter, Hatfield, Stevens, Rudman, McClure, Cochran, 

Gramm. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Reid (chairman), Mikulski, 

Adams, Nickles, Hatfield. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Sasser (chairman), Inouye, 

Reid, Fowler, Grassley, Garn, Stevens. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Lautenberg (chairman), 

Byrd, Harkin, Sasser, Mikulski, 

D’Amato, Kasten, Domenici, Grassley. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators DeConcini (chairman), Mikulski, Kerrey, Domenici, D’Amato. 

ONE HUNDRED SECOND 

CONGRESS 

First session 

(Senator Byrd, as chairman of the committee, and Senator Hatfield, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Burdick (chairman), Bumpers, Harkin, Adams, Fowler, Kerrey, 

Cochran, Kasten, Specter, Nickles, 

Bond. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), Inouye, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Sasser, 

Adams, Rudman, Stevens, Hatfield, 

Kasten, Gramm. 

DEFENSE

Senators Inouye (chairman), Hollings, Johnston, Byrd, Leahy, Sasser, 

DeConcini, Bumpers, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Stevens, Garn, Kasten, 

D’Amato, Rudman, Cochran, Specter, 

Domenici. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Adams (chairman), Fowler, 

Kerrey, Bond, Gorton. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Johnston (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Burdick, Sasser, DeConcini, 

Reid, Hatfield, Garn, Cochran, 

Domenici, Specter, Nickles. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Leahy (chairman), Inouye, 

Johnston, DeConcini, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Mikulski, Kasten, Hatfield, 

D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, Nickles. 
192 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Johnston, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Burdick, Bumpers, 

Hollings, Reid, Nickles, Stevens, 

Garn, Cochran, Rudman, Domenici, 

Gorton. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Harkin (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Burdick, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Reid, Adams, Specter, Hatfield, Stevens, Rudman, Cochran, Gramm, 

Gorton. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Reid (chairman), Mikulski, 

Adams, Gorton, Bond. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Sasser (chairman), Inouye, 

Reid, Fowler, Gramm, Garn, Stevens. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Lautenberg (chairman), 

Byrd, Harkin, Sasser, Mikulski, 

D’Amato, Kasten, Domenici, Hatfield. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators DeConcini (chairman), Mikulski, Kerrey, Domenici, D’Amato. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Mikulski (chairman), 

Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, Fowler, 

Kerrey, Garn, D’Amato, Nickles, 

Gramm, Bond. 

Second session 

(Senator Byrd, as chairman of the committee, and Senator Hatfield, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Bumpers (chairman), Harkin, Adams, Fowler, Kerrey, Conrad, 

Cochran, Kasten, Specter, Nickles, 

Bond. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

Inouye, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Sasser, 

Adams, Rudman, Stevens, Hatfield, 

Kasten, Gramm. 

DEFENSE

Senators Inouye (chairman), Hollings, Johnston, Byrd, Leahy, Sasser, 

DeConcini, Bumpers, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Stevens, Garn, Kasten, 

D’Amato, Rudman, Cochran, Specter, 

Domenici. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Adams (chairman), Fowler, 

Kerrey, Bond, Gorton. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Johnston (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Sasser, DeConcini, Reid, 

Conrad, Hatfield, Garn, Cochran, 

Domenici, Specter, Nickles. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Leahy (chairman), Inouye, 

Johnston, DeConcini, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Mikulski, Kasten, Hatfield, 

D’Amato, Rudman, Specter, Nickles. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Johnston, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Bumpers, Hollings, 

Reid, Conrad, Nickles, Stevens, Garn, 

Cochran, Rudman, Domenici, Gorton. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Harkin (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, Reid, 

Adams, Conrad, Specter, Hatfield, Stevens, Rudman, Cochran, Gramm, 

Gorton. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Reid (chairman), Mikulski, 

Adams, Gorton, Bond. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Sasser (chairman), Inouye, 

Reid, Fowler, Gramm, Garn, Stevens. 
193 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Lautenberg (chairman), 

Byrd, Harkin, Sasser, Mikulski, 

D’Amato, Kasten, Domenici, Hatfield. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators DeConcini (chairman), Mikulski, Kerrey, Domenici, D’Amato. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Mikulski (chairman), Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, Fowler, 

Kerrey, Garn, D’Amato, Nickles, 

Gramm, Bond. 

ONE HUNDRED THIRD 

CONGRESS 

February 1, 1993 

(Senator Byrd, as chairman of the committee, and Senator Hatfield, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Bumpers (chairman), Harkin, Kerrey, Johnston, Kohl, Feinstein, Cochran, Specter, Bond, 

Gramm, Gorton. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

Inouye, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Sasser, 

Kerrey, Domenici, Stevens, Hatfield, 

Gramm, McConnell. 

DEFENSE

Senators Inouye (chairman), Hollings, Johnston, Byrd, Leahy, Sasser, 

DeConcini, Bumpers, Lautenberg, 

Harkin, Stevens, D’Amato, Cochran, 

Specter, Domenici, Nickles, Gramm, 

Bond. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Kohl (chairman), Murray, 

Feinstein, Burns, Mack. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Johnston (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Sasser, DeConcini, Reid, 

Kerrey, Hatfield, Cochran, Domenici, 

Nickles, Gorton, McConnell. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Leahy (chairman), Inouye, 

DeConcini, Lautenberg, Harkin, Mikulski, Feinstein, McConnell, 

D’Amato, Specter, Nickles, Mack, 

Gramm. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Johnston, 

Leahy, DeConcini, Bumpers, Hollings, 

Reid, Murray, Nickles, Stevens, Cochran, Domenici, Gorton, Hatfield, 

Burns. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Harkin (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, Reid, 

Kohl, Murray, Specter, Hatfield, Stevens, Cochran, Gorton, Mack, Bond. 

LEGISLATIVE

Senators Reid (chairman), Mikulski, 

Murray, Mack, Burns. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Sasser (chairman), Inouye, 

Reid, Kohl, Gorton, Stevens, McConnell. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Lautenberg (chairman), Byrd, Harkin, Sasser, Mikulski, 

D’Amato, Domenici, Hatfield, Specter. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators DeConcini (chairman), Mikulski, Kerrey, Bond, D’Amato. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Mikulski (chairman), Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, Kerrey, 

Feinstein, Gramm, D’Amato, Nickles, 

Bond, Burns. 

ONE HUNDRED FOURTH 

CONGRESS 

January 11, 1995 

(Senator Hatfield, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 
194 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), Specter, Bond, Gorton, McConnell, Burns, 

Bumpers, Harkin, Kerrey, Johnson, 

Kohl. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gramm (chairman), Stevens, Hatfield, Domenici, McConnell, 

Gregg, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Lautenberg, Kerrey. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Gramm, 

Bond, McConnell, Mack, Shelby, 

Inouye, Hollings, Johnston, Byrd, 

Leahy, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Harkin. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Jeffords (chairman), Bennett, Kohl. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), Hatfield, Cochran, Gorton, McConnell, 

Bennett, Burns, Johnston, Byrd, Hollings, Reid, Kerrey, Murray. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), 

Specter, Mack, Gramm, Jeffords, 

Gregg, Shelby, Leahy, Inouye, Lautenberg, Harkin, Mikulski, Murray. 

INTERIOR

Senators Gorton (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Hatfield, Burns, 

Bennett, Mack, Byrd, Johnston, Leahy, 

Bumpers, Hollings, Reid, Murray. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Hatfield, Cochran, Gorton, Mack, Bond, 

Jeffords, Gregg, Harkin, Byrd, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, Reid, Kohl. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Mack (chairman), Bennett, 

Jeffords, Murray, Mikulski. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Burns (chairman), Stevens, 

Shelby, Gregg, Reid, Inouye, Kohl. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Hatfield (chairman), 

Domenici, Specter, Gramm, Bond, 

Gorton, Lautenberg, Byrd, Harkin, 

Mikulski, Reid. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Shelby (chairman), Jeffords, 

Gregg, Kerrey, Mikulski. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Gramm, 

Burns, Stevens, Shelby, Bennett, Mikulski, Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, 

Kerrey. 

October 12, 1995 

(Senator Hatfield, as chairman of the 

committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), Specter, Bond, Gorton, McConnell, Burns, 

Bumpers, Harkin, Kerrey, Johnson, 

Kohl. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Stevens, 

Hatfield, Domenici, McConnell, Jeffords, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Lautenberg, Kerrey. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Mack, Shelby, Gregg, Inouye, 

Hollings, Johnston, Byrd, Leahy, 

Bumpers, Lautenberg, Harkin. 
195 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Jeffords (chairman), Campbell, Kohl. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), Hatfield, Cochran, Gorton, McConnell, 

Bennett, Burns, Johnston, Byrd, Hollings, Reid, Kerrey, Murray. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), Specter, Mack, Jeffords, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, Leahy, Inouye, Lautenberg, Harkin, Mikulski, Murray. 

INTERIOR

Senators Gorton (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Hatfield, Burns, 

Bennett, Mack, Byrd, Johnston, Leahy, 

Bumpers, Hollings, Reid, Murray. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Hatfield, Cochran, Gorton, Mack, Bond, 

Jeffords, Gregg, Harkin, Byrd, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, Reid, Kohl. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Mack (chairman), Bennett, 

Campbell, Murray, Mikulski. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Burns (chairman), Stevens, 

Gregg, Campbell, Reid, Inouye, Kohl. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Hatfield (chairman), Domenici, Specter, Bond, Gorton, 

Shelby, Lautenberg, Byrd, Harkin, 

Mikulski, Reid. 

TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Shelby (chairman), Jeffords, 

Campbell, Kerrey, Mikulski. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Burns, 

Stevens, Shelby, Bennett, Campbell, 

Mikulski, Leahy, Johnston, Lautenberg, Kerrey. 

ONE HUNDRED FIFTH 

CONGRESS 

January 28, 1997 

(Senator Stevens, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), Specter, Bond, Gorton, McConnell, Burns, 

Bumpers, Harkin, Kohl, Byrd, Leahy. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Stevens, 

Domenici, McConnell, Hutchison, 

Campbell, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Lautenberg, Mikulski. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, Hutchison, 

Inouye, Hollings, Byrd, Leahy, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Harkin, Dorgan. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Faircloth (chairman), Hutchison, Boxer. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), 

Cochran, Gorton, McConnell, Bennett, 

Burns, Craig, Reid, Byrd, Hollings, 

Murray, Kohl, Dorgan. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), Specter, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, 

Campbell, Stevens, Leahy, Inouye, 

Lautenberg, Harkin, Mikulski, Murray. 

INTERIOR

Senators Gorton (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Burns, Bennett, 

Gregg, Campbell, Byrd, Leahy, 
196 

Bumpers, Hollings, Reid, Dorgan, 

Boxer. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Cochran, Gorton, Bond, Gregg, Faircloth, 

Craig, Hutchison, Harkin, Hollings, 

Inouye, Bumpers, Reid, Kohl, Murray. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Bennett (chairman), Stevens, Craig, Dorgan, Boxer. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Burns (chairman). Hutchison, Faircloth, Craig, Murray, 

Reid, Inouye. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Shelby (chairman), Domenici, Specter, Bond, Gorton, Bennett, 

Faircloth, Lautenberg, Byrd, Mikulski, 

Reid, Kohl, Murray. 

TREASURY AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Campbell (chairman), Shelby, Faircloth, Kohl, Mikulski. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Burns, 

Stevens, Shelby, Campbell, Craig, Mikulski, Leahy, Lautenberg, Harkin, 

Boxer. 

July 8, 1998 

(Senator Stevens, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), Specter, Bond, Gorton, McConnell, Burns, 

Bumpers, Harkin, Kohl, Leahy, Boxer. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Stevens, 

Domenici, McConnell, Hutchison, 

Campbell, Hollings, Inouye, Bumpers, 

Lautenberg, Mikulski. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, Hutchison, 

Inouye, Hollings, Byrd, Leahy, Bumpers, Lautenberg, Harkin, Dorgan. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Faircloth (chairman), 

Hutchison, Boxer. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), 

Cochran, Gorton, McConnell, Bennett, 

Burns, Craig, Reid, Byrd, Hollings, 

Murray, Kohl, Dorgan. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), 

Specter, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, 

Campbell, Stevens, Leahy, Inouye, 

Lautenberg, Harkin, Mikulski, Murray. 

INTERIOR

Senators Gorton (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Burns, Bennett, 

Gregg, Campbell, Byrd, Leahy, 

Bumpers, Hollings, Reid, Dorgan, 

Boxer. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Cochran, Gorton, Bond, Gregg, Faircloth, 

Craig, Hutchison, Harkin, Hollings, 

Inouye, Bumpers, Reid, Kohl, Murray. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Bennett (chairman), Stevens, Craig, Dorgan, Boxer. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Burns (chairman), 

Hutchison, Faircloth, Craig, Murray, 

Reid, Inouye. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Shelby (chairman), Domenici, Specter, Bond, Gorton, Bennett, 

Faircloth, Lautenberg, Byrd, Mikulski, 

Reid, Kohl, Murray. 
197 

TREASURY AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Campbell (chairman), Shelby, Faircloth, Kohl, Mikulski. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Burns, 

Stevens, Shelby, Campbell, Craig, Mikulski, Leahy, Lautenberg, Harkin, 

Byrd. 

ONE HUNDRED SIXTH 

CONGRESS 

February 5, 1999 

(Senator Stevens, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), Specter, Bond, Gorton, McConnell, Burns, 

Kohl, Harkin, Dorgan, Feinstein, 

Durbin. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Stevens, 

Domenici, McConnell, Hutchison, 

Campbell, Hollings, Inouye, Lautenberg, Mikulski, Leahy. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, Hutchison, 

Inouye, Hollings, Byrd, Leahy, Lautenberg, Harkin, Dorgan, Durbin. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Hutchison (chairman), Kyl, 

Durbin. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), 

Cochran, Gorton, McConnell, Bennett, 

Burns, Craig, Reid, Byrd, Hollings, 

Murray, Kohl, Dorgan. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), Specter, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, 

Campbell, Bond, Leahy, Inouye, Lautenberg, Harkin, Mikulski, Murray. 

INTERIOR

Senators Gorton (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Burns, Bennett, 

Gregg, Campbell, Byrd, Leahy, Hollings, Reid, Dorgan, Kohl, Feinstein. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATIONLC

Senators Specter (chairman), Cochran, Gorton, Gregg, Craig, Hutchison, 

Stevens, Kyl, Harkin, Hollings, 

Inouye, Reid, Kohl, Murray, Feinstein. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Bennett (chairman), Stevens, Craig, Feinstein, Durbin. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Burns (chairman), 

Hutchison, Craig, Kyl, Murray, Reid, 

Inouye. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Shelby (chairman), Domenici, Specter, Bond, Gorton, Bennett, 

Campbell, Lautenberg, Byrd, Mikulski, Reid, Kohl, Murray. 

TREASURY AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Campbell (chairman), Shelby, Kyl, Dorgan, Mikulski. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Burns, 

Shelby, Craig, Hutchison, Kyl, Mikulski, Leahy, Lautenberg, Harkin, Byrd. 

ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH 

CONGRESS 

February 1, 2001 

(Senator Stevens, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Cochran (chairman), Specter, Bond, McConnell, Burns, Craig, 
198 

Kohl, Harkin, Dorgan, Feinstein, 

Durbin, Johnson. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Stevens, 

Domenici, McConnell, Hutchison, 

Campbell, Hollings, Inouye, Mikulski, 

Leahy, Kohl, Murray. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, Hutchison, 

Inouye, Hollings, Byrd, Leahy, Harkin, Dorgan, Durbin, Reid, Feinstein. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators DeWine (chairman), Hutchison, Landrieu, Durbin. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), 

Cochran, McConnell, Bennett, Burns, 

Craig, Reid, Byrd, Hollings, Murray, 

Dorgan, Feinstein. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), 

Specter, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, 

Campbell, Bond, Leahy, Inouye, Harkin, Mikulski, Durbin, Johnson, 

Landrieu. 

INTERIOR

Senators Burns (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Bennett, Gregg, 

Campbell, Byrd, Leahy, Hollings, 

Reid, Dorgan, Feinstein, Murray. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Cochran, Gregg, Craig, Hutchison, Stevens, 

DeWine, Harkin, Hollings, Inouye, 

Reid, Kohl, Murray, Landrieu. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Bennett (chairman), Stevens, Durbin, Johnson. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Hutchison (chairman), 

Burns, Craig, DeWine, Feinstein, 

Inouye, Johnson, Landrieu. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Shelby (chairman), Specter, 

Bond, Bennett, Campbell, Hutchison, 

Murray, Byrd, Mikulski, Reid, Kohl, 

Durbin. 

TREASURY AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Campbell (chairman), Shelby, DeWine, Dorgan, Mikulski, 

Landrieu. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Burns, 

Shelby, Craig, Domenici, DeWine, 

Mikulski, Leahy, Harkin, Byrd, Kohl, 

Johnson. 

June 6, 2001 

(Senator Byrd, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Stevens, as ranking minority member of the Committee, are 

ex officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

NOTE.—From January 3 to January 

20, 2001 the Democrats held the majority, thanks to the deciding vote of 

outgoing Democratic Vice President 

Al Gore. Senator Thomas A. Daschle 

became majority leader at that time. 

Starting January 20, 2001, the incoming Republican Vice President Richard Cheney held the deciding vote, 

giving the majority to the Republicans. Senator Trent Lott resumed his 

position as majority leader. On May 

24, 2001, Senator James Jeffords of 

Vermont announced his switch from 

Republican to Independent status, effective June 6, 2001. Jeffords announced that he would caucus with 

the Democrats, changing control of 

the evenly divided Senate from the 

Republicans to the Democrats. Senator 

Thomas A. Daschle became majority 

leader once again on June 6, 2001. 

There were no subcommittee chairmen designated from June 6, 2001 to 

July 10, 2001. 
199 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Kohl, Harkin, Dorgan, 

Feinstein, Durbin, Cochran, Specter, 

Bond, McConnell, Burns. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings, Inouye, Mikulski, Leahy, Gregg, Stevens, Domenici, 

McConnell, Hutchison, Campbell. 

DEFENSE

Senators Inouye, Hollings, Byrd, 

Leahy, Harkin, Dorgan, Durbin, Stevens, Cochran, Specter, Domenici, 

Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, 

Hutchison. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Durbin, Hutchison, Kyl. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Reid, Byrd, Hollings, 

Murray, Kohl, Dorgan, Domenici, 

Cochran, McConnell, Bennett, Burns, 

Craig. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Leahy, Inouye, Harkin, Mikulski, Murray, McConnell, Specter, 

Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, Campbell, 

Bond. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd, Leahy, Hollings, 

Reid, Dorgan, Kohl, Feinstein, Stevens, Cochran, Domenici, Burns, Bennett, Gregg, Campbell. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATIONLC

Senators Harkin, Hollings, Inouye, 

Reid, Kohl, Murray, Feinstein, Specter, Cochran, Gregg, Craig, 

Hutchison, Stevens, Kyl. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Feinstein, Durbin, Bennett, 

Stevens, Craig. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Murray, Reid, Inouye, 

Burns, Hutchison, Craig, Kyl. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Byrd, Mikulski, Reid, 

Kohl, Murray, Shelby, Domenici, 

Specter, Bond, Bennett, Campbell. 

TREASURY AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Dorgan, Mikulski, Campbell, Shelby, Kyl. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Mikulski, Leahy, Harkin, 

Byrd, Bond, Burns, Shelby, Craig, 

Hutchison, Kyl. 

July 11, 2001 

(Senator Byrd, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Stevens, as ranking minority member of the Committee, are 

ex officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 

AND RELATED AGENCIES

Senators Kohl (chairman), Harkin, 

Dorgan, Feinstein, Durbin, Johnson, 

Murray, Cochran, Specter, Bond, 

McConnell, Burns, Craig. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Hollings (chairman), 

Inouye, Mikulski, Leahy, Kohl, Murray, Reed, Gregg, Stevens, Domenici, 

McConnell, Hutchison, Campbell. 

DEFENSE

Senators Inouye (chairman), Hollings, Byrd, Leahy, Harkin, Dorgan, 

Durbin, Reid, Feinstein, Kohl, Stevens, Cochran, Specter, Domenici, 

Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, 

Hutchison. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Landrieu (chairman), Durbin, Reed, DeWine, Hutchison. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Reid (chairman), Byrd, 

Hollings, Murray, Dorgan, Feinstein, 

Harkin, Domenici, Cochran, McConnell, Bennett, Burns, Craig. 
200 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators Leahy (chairman), Inouye, 

Harkin, Mikulski, Durbin, Johnson, 

Landrieu, Reed, McConnell, Specter, 

Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, Campbell, 

Bond. 

INTERIOR

Senators Byrd (chairman), Leahy, 

Hollings, Reid, Dorgan, Feinstein, 

Murray, Inouye, Burns, Stevens, Cochran, Domenici, Bennett, Gregg, 

Campbell. 

LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, EDUCATION

Senators Harkin (chairman), Hollings, Inouye, Reid, Kohl, Murray, 

Landrieu, Byrd, Specter, Cochran, 

Gregg, Craig, Hutchison, Stevens, 

DeWine. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Durbin (chairman), Johnson, Reed, Bennett, Stevens. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Feinstein (chairman), Inouye, Johnson, Landrieu, Reid, 

Hutchison, Burns, Craig, DeWine. 

TRANSPORTATION

Senators Murray (chairman), Byrd, 

Mikulski, Reid, Kohl, Durbin, Leahy, 

Shelby, Specter, Bond, Bennett, 

Campbell, Hutchison. 

TREASURY AND GENERAL

GOVERNMENT

Senators Dorgan (chairman), Mikulski, Landrieu, Reed, Campbell, Shelby, 

DeWine. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Mikulski (chairman), 

Leahy, Harkin, Byrd, Kohl, Johnson, 

Hollings, Bond, Burns, Shelby, Craig, 

Domenici, DeWine. 

ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH 

CONGRESS 

March 4, 2003 

(Senator Stevens, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Senators Bennett (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Bond, McConnell, Burns, 

Craig, Brownback, Kohl, Harkin, 

Dorgan, Feinstein, Durbin, Johnson, 

Landrieu. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND

JUDICIARY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Stevens, 

Domenici, McConnell, Hutchison, 

Campbell, Brownback, Hollings, 

Inouye, Mikulski, Leahy, Kohl, Murray. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, Hutchison, 

Burns, Inouye, Hollings, Byrd, Leahy, 

Harkin, Dorgan, Durbin, Reid, Feinstein. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators DeWine (chairman), 

Brownback, Hutchison, Landrieu, 

Durbin. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), 

Cochran, McConnell, Bennett, Burns, 

Craig, Bond, Reid, Byrd, Hollings, 

Murray, Dorgan, Feinstein. 

FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), 

Specter, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, 

Campbell, Bond, DeWine, Leahy, 

Inouye, Harkin, Mikulski, Durbin, 

Johnson, Landrieu. 

HOMELAND SECURITY

Senators Cochran (chairman), Stevens, Specter, Domenici, McConnell, 

Shelby, Gregg, Campbell, Craig, Byrd, 

Inouye, Hollings, Leahy, Harkin, Mikulski, Kohl, Murray. 

INTERIOR

Senators Burns (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Bennett, Gregg, 
201 

Campbell, Brownback, Dorgan, Byrd, 

Leahy, Hollings, Reid, Feinstein, Mikulski. 

LABOR, HHS, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Cochran, Gregg, Craig, Hutchison, Stevens, 

DeWine, Shelby, Harkin, Hollings, 

Inouye, Reid, Kohl, Murray, Landrieu. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Campbell (chairman), Bennett, Stevens, Durbin, Johnson. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION

Senators Hutchison (chairman), 

Burns, Craig, DeWine, Brownback, 

Feinstein, Inouye, Johnson, Landrieu. 

TRANSPORTATION/TREASURY

Senators Shelby (chairman), Specter, 

Bond, Bennett, Campbell, Hutchison, 

DeWine, Brownback, Murray, Byrd, 

Mikulski, Reid, Kohl, Durbin, Dorgan. 

VA-HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES

Senators Bond (chairman), Burns, 

Shelby, Craig, Domenici, DeWine, 

Hutchison, Mikulski, Leahy, Harkin, 

Byrd, Johnson, Reid. 

ONE HUNDRED NINTH 

CONGRESS 

April 6, 2005 

(Senator Cochran, as chairman of the 

Committee, and Senator Byrd, as ranking 

minority member of the Committee, are ex 

officio members of all subcommittees of 

which they are not regular members.) 

AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Senators Bennett (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Bond, McConnell, Burns, 

Craig, Brownback, Kohl, Harkin, 

Dorgan, Feinstein, Durbin, Johnson, 

Landrieu. 

COMMERCE, JUSTICE, AND SCIENCE

Senators Shelby (chairman), Gregg, 

Stevens, Domenici, McConnell, 

Hutchison, Brownback, Bond, Mikulski, Inouye, Leahy, Kohl, Murray, 

Harkin, Dorgan. 

DEFENSE

Senators Stevens (chairman), Cochran, Specter, Domenici, Bond, McConnell, Shelby, Gregg, Hutchison, 

Burns, Inouye, Byrd, Leahy, Harkin, 

Dorgan, Durbin, Reid, Feinstein, Mikulski. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Senators Brownback (chairman), DeWine, Allard, Landrieu, Durbin. 

ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT

Senators Domenici (chairman), Cochran, McConnell, Bennett, Burns, 

Craig, Bond, Hutchison, Allard, Reid, 

Byrd, Murray, Dorgan, Feinstein, 

Johnson, Landrieu, Inouye. 

HOMELAND SECURITY

Senators Gregg (chairman), Cochran, 

Stevens, Specter, Domenici, Shelby, 

Craig, Bennett, Allard, Byrd, Inouye, 

Leahy, Mikulski, Kohl, Murray, Reid, 

Feinstein. 

INTERIOR

Senators Burns (chairman), Stevens, 

Cochran, Domenici, Bennett, Gregg, 

Craig, Allard, Dorgan, Byrd, Leahy, 

Reid, Feinstein, Mikulski, Kohl. 

LABOR, HHS, EDUCATION

Senators Specter (chairman), Cochran, Gregg, Craig, Hutchison, Stevens, 

DeWine, Shelby, Harkin, Inouye, 

Reid, Kohl, Murray, Landrieu, Durbin. 

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators Allard (chairman), Cochran, 

DeWine, Durbin, Johnson. 

MILITARY CONSTRUCTION/VETERANS

AFFAIRS

Senators Hutchison (chairman), 

Burns, Craig, DeWine, Brownback, 

Allard, McConnell, Feinstein, Inouye, 

Johnson, Landrieu, Byrd, Murray. 

STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS

Senators McConnell (chairman), 

Specter, Gregg, Shelby, Bennett, 

Bond, DeWine, Brownback, Leahy, 

Inouye, Harkin, Mikulski, Durbin, 

Johnson, Landrieu. 
202 

TRANSPORTATION/TREASURY/ 

JUDICIARY/HUD

Senators Bond (chairman), Shelby, 

Specter, Bennett, Hutchison, DeWine, 

Brownback, Stevens, Domenici, Burns, 

Murray, Byrd, Mikulski, Reid, Kohl, 

Durbin, Dorgan, Leahy, Harkin. 
203 

Membership of the Committee 

(BY STATE AND TERM OF SERVICE) 

(Democrats in italic; Republicans in roman; Other in small caps) 

ALABAMA 

Name Service on Committee 

Bankhead, John H., II ............................... Jan. 4, 1934–June 12, 1946 

Hill, J. Lister ........................................... Jan. 10, 1949–Jan. 2, 1969 

Shelby, Richard C ................................... Jan. 3, 1995– 

Underwood, Oscar W ................................. Dec. 13, 1915–June 2, 1920 

ALASKA 

Bartlett, E.L ............................................. Feb. 25, 1963–Dec. 11, 1968 

Stevens, Ted ............................................ Feb. 23, 1972– 

ARIZONA 

Cameron, Ralph H .................................. Dec. 15, 1925–Mar. 3, 1927 

DeConcini, Dennis W ................................ Jan. 10, 1977–Jan. 2, 1995 

Hayden, Carl T ........................................ Dec. 13, 1927–Jan. 2, 1969 

Kyl, Jon .................................................. Jan. 7, 1999–Jan 25, 2001 

June 6, 2001–July 10, 2001 

Smith, Marcus A ....................................... Mar. 12, 1917–Mar. 3, 1921 

ARKANSAS 

Berry, James H ......................................... May 11, 1897–Mar. 3, 1907 

Brownback, Sam ........................................ Jan. 15, 2003– 

Bumpers, Dale ........................................... Jan. 27, 1978–Jan. 6, 1999 

Dorsey, Stephen W ................................. Feb. 13, 1874–Mar. 3, 1879 

McClellan, John L ..................................... Jan. 10, 1949–Nov. 28, 1977 

Robinson, Joseph T ..................................... Dec. 13, 1915–Sept. 9, 1918 

CALIFORNIA 

Booth, Newton ........................................ Mar. 19, 1879–Mar. 3, 1881 

Boxer, Barbara ......................................... Jan. 9, 1997–Jan. 7, 1999 

Cole, Cornelius ........................................ Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 3, 1873 

Feinstein, Dianne ....................................... Jan. 7, 1993–Jan. 3, 1995 

Jan. 7, 1999– 

Knowland, William F ............................. Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 10, 1949 

July 26, 1949–Jan. 2, 1959 

Kuchel, Thomas H .................................. Jan. 20, 1959–Jan. 2, 1969 

McAdoo, William Gibbs ............................ Jan. 3, 1935–Nov. 8, 1938 

Perkins, George C ................................... Dec. 30, 1895–Mar. 3, 1915 

Sargent, Aaron A ..................................... Mar. 12, 1873–Mar. 3, 1879 
204 

Name Service on Committee 

COLORADO 

Adams, Alva B ......................................... Mar. 9, 1933–Dec. 1, 1941 

Allard, Wayne ......................................... Jan. 6, 2005– 

Allott, Gordon ........................................ Jan. 20, 1959–Jan. 2, 1973 

Campbell, Ben Nighthorse ...................... Oct. 12, 1995–Jan. 4, 2005 

Phipps, Lawrence C ................................. May 28, 1919–Mar. 3, 1931 

Shafroth, John F ....................................... Mar. 15, 1913–Mar. 3, 1919 

TELLER, HENRY M.1 ................................ Mar. 15, 1893–Mar. 3, 1909 

CONNECTICUT 

Bingham, Hiram ..................................... Dec. 14, 1926–Mar. 3, 1933 

Dodd, Thomas J ........................................ Jan. 14, 1959–Jan. 10, 1961 

Eaton, William W .................................... Mar. 9, 1875–Mar. 19, 1875 

Mar. 9, 1877–Dec. 5, 1878 

Mar. 19, 1879–Mar. 3, 1881 

Maloney, Francis T ................................... Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 16, 1945 

Weicker, Lowell P., Jr ............................ Feb. 22, 1977–Jan. 2, 1989 

DELAWARE 

Bayard, Thomas F., Jr .............................. Dec. 10, 1923–Dec. 13, 1927 

Boggs, J. Caleb ....................................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 2, 1973 

Townsend, John G., Jr ............................ Mar. 9, 1933–Jan. 2, 1941 

FLORIDA 

Bryan, Nathan P ...................................... Mar. 15, 1913–Mar. 3, 1917 

Call, Wilkinson ........................................ Dec. 10, 1883–Mar. 3, 1897 

Chiles, Lawton M ..................................... Jan. 4, 1873–Jan. 2, 1989 

Holland, Spessard L ................................... Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1971 

Mack, Connie .......................................... Jan. 7, 1993–Jan. 2, 2001 

GEORGIA 

Clay, Alexander S ..................................... June 21, 1906–Nov. 13, 1910 

Cohen, John S ........................................... Apr. 25, 1932–Jan. 11, 1933 

Fowler, Wyche, Jr ...................................... Feb. 2, 1989–Jan. 2, 1993 

Hardwick, Thomas W ............................... Mar. 12, 1917–Mar. 3, 1919 

Harris, William J ..................................... May 28, 1919–Apr. 18, 1932 

Mattingly, Mack F .................................. Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1987 

Russell, Richard B., Jr .............................. Jan. 10, 1933–Jan. 21, 1971 

HAWAII 

Fong, Hiram, L ....................................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 2, 1977 

Inouye, Daniel K ....................................... Jan. 28, 1971– 

IDAHO 

Craig, Larry ............................................. Jan. 9, 1997– 

Dworshak, Henry C ................................ Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 2, 1949 

Jan. 13, 1953–July 23, 1962 

McClure, James A ................................... Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1991 
205 

Name Service on Committee 

ILLINOIS 

Brooks, C. Wayland ................................ Jan. 21, 1941–Jan. 2, 1949 

Cullom, Shelby M ................................... Dec. 17, 1891–Mar. 22, 1909 

Dirksen, Everett M ................................. Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 20, 1959 

Durbin, Richard J ..................................... Jan. 7, 1999– 

Farwell, Charles B ................................... Dec. 12, 1887–Mar. 3, 1891 

Glenn, Otis F .......................................... Apr. 22, 1929–Dec. 14, 1931 

Logan, John A ......................................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 13, 1885 

Dec. 14, 1885–Dec. 26, 1886 

McKinley, William B ............................. Apr. 18, 1921–Dec. 7, 1926 

Percy, Charles H ..................................... Jan. 29, 1971–Jan. 2, 1972 

Feb. 23, 1972–Jan. 12, 1973 

Sherman, Lawrence Y .............................. Mar. 12, 1917–Mar. 3, 1921 

INDIANA 

Bayh, Birch E ........................................... Aug. 2, 1972–Jan. 2, 1981 

Hemenway, James A ............................... Dec. 17, 1907–Mar. 3, 1909 

Willis, Raymond E ................................. Jan. 10, 1945–Jan. 2, 1947 

IOWA 

Allison, William B ................................. Mar. 12, 1873–Aug. 4, 1908 

Dickinson, Lester J .................................. Dec. 14, 1931–Jan. 2, 1937 

Grassley, Charles E .................................. Jan. 6, 1987–Feb. 5, 1991 

Grimes, James W .................................... Mar. 7, 1867–Dec. 6, 1869 

Harkin, Tom ............................................. Feb. 21, 1985– 

Kenyon, William S ................................. Mar. 12, 1917–Feb. 24, 1922 

KANSAS 

Curtis, Charles ......................................... Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 4, 1913 

Dec. 13, 1915–Mar. 3, 1929 

Pearson, James B ..................................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 29, 1971 

Plumb, Preston B .................................... Mar. 18, 1881–Dec. 20, 1891 

Reed, Clyde M ........................................ Jan. 14, 1943–Nov. 8, 1949 

Schoeppel, Andrew F ............................... Jan. 13, 1961–Jan. 21, 1962 

KENTUCKY 

Beck, James B ........................................... Mar. 9, 1877–May 3, 1890 

Blackburn, Joseph C.S ................................ May 27, 1890–Mar. 3, 1897 

Clements, Earle C ...................................... Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1957 

Huddleston, Walter D ............................... Jan. 17, 1975–Jan. 2, 1985 

McConnell, Mitch ................................... Jan. 7, 1993– 

Stevenson, John W ..................................... Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 9, 1875 

LOUISIANA 

Broussard, Edwin S ................................... Dec. 10, 1923–Mar. 3, 1933 

Ellender, Allen J ....................................... Jan. 10, 1949–July 27, 1972 

Foster, Murphy J ....................................... Dec. 17, 1907–Mar. 3, 1913 

Gay, Edward J ......................................... Dec. 3, 1918–Mar. 3, 1921 

Johnston, J. Bennett ................................... Jan. 17, 1975–Jan. 2, 1997 
206 

Name Service on Committee 

Landrieu, Mary ......................................... Jan. 25, 2001–June 6, 2001 

July 10, 2001– 

Overton, John H ........................................ Mar. 9, 1933–May 14, 1948 

West, J. Rodman .................................... Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 3, 1877 

MAINE 

Blaine, James G ...................................... Dec. 6, 1876–Mar. 18, 1881 

Fessenden, William Pitt .......................... Mar. 8, 1869–Sept. 9, 1869 

Hale, Eugene ........................................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 3, 1911 

Hale, Frederick ........................................ May 28, 1919–Jan. 2, 1941 

Morrill, Lot M ......................................... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 3, 1869 

Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 10, 1871 

Dec. 6, 1872– July 7, 1876 

Smith, Margaret Chase ............................ Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 2, 1973 

White, Wallace H., Jr ............................ Jan. 21, 1941–Jan. 6, 1947 

MARYLAND 

Gorman, Arthur P .................................... Mar. 13, 1885– Mar. 3, 1899 

Dec. 18, 1905–June 4, 1906 

Mathias, Charles McC., Jr ....................... Jan. 12, 1973–Jan. 5, 1981 

Mikulski, Barbara A ................................ Jan. 6, 1987– 

Sarbanes, Paul S ....................................... Jan. 10, 1977–Feb. 11, 1977 

Smith, John Walter ................................. May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1921 

Tydings, Millard E ................................... Dec. 6, 1932–Jan. 10, 1949 

MASSACHUSETTS 

Brooke, Edward W ................................. Jan. 29, 1971–Jan. 2, 1979 

Coolidge, Marcus A ................................... Mar. 9, 1933–Jan. 2, 1937 

Dawes, Henry L ...................................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 3, 1893 

Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr ........................... Feb. 16, 1938–Feb. 3, 1944 

Saltonstall, Leverett ................................. Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 2, 1967 

Weeks, John W ...................................... Sept. 3, 1918–Mar. 3, 1919 

Wilson, Henry ........................................ Mar. 7, 1867–Dec. 8, 1870 

MICHIGAN 

Ferguson, Homer J .................................. Jan. 10, 1945–Jan. 2, 1955 

McMillan, James ..................................... Feb. 7, 1902–Aug. 10, 1902 

Newberry, Truman H ............................. May 28, 1919–Nov. 18, 1922 

Potter, Charles E ..................................... Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1959 

Riegle, Donald W ..................................... Jan. 10, 1977–Feb. 11, 1977 

Townsend, Charles E ............................... Dec. 13, 1915–Mar. 12, 1917 

MINNESOTA 

Ball, Joseph H ......................................... Feb. 21, 1944–Jan. 2, 1949 

Humphrey, Hubert H ................................. Jan. 10, 1961–Dec. 29, 1964 

Thye, Edward J ....................................... Jan. 15, 1951–Jan. 2, 1959 

Windom, William .................................. Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 14, 1881 

MISSISSIPPI 

Ames, Adelbert ....................................... Mar. 12, 1873–Jan. 10, 1874 
207 

Name Service on Committee 

Cochran, Thad ......................................... Jan. 5, 1981– 

Doxey, Wall ............................................. Dec. 15, 1941–Jan. 2, 1943 

Stennis, John C ......................................... Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1989 

MISSOURI 

Bond, Christopher S ................................ Feb. 5, 1991– 

Cockrell, Francis M ................................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 3, 1905 

Eagleton, Thomas F ................................... Jan. 4, 1973–Feb. 21, 1985 

Patterson, Roscoe C ................................. Jan. 11, 1934–Jan. 2, 1935 

Spencer, Selden P .................................... May 28, 1919–May 16, 1925 

Truman, Harry S ...................................... Jan. 3, 1935–Jan. 18, 1945 

MONTANA 

Burns, Conrad ......................................... Jan. 7, 1993– 

Carter, Thomas H ................................... Dec. 15, 1899–Mar. 3, 1901 

Dixon, Joseph M ..................................... May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Ecton, Zales N ........................................ Jan. 15, 1951–Jan. 2, 1953 

Mansfield, Michael J ................................. Feb. 25, 1963–Jan. 2, 1977 

Melcher, John ............................................ Jan. 10, 1977–Feb. 11, 1977 

NEBRASKA 

Burke, Edward R ...................................... Jan. 8, 1937–Jan. 2, 1941 

Burkett, Elmer J ..................................... Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1911 

Hruska, Roman L .................................... Jan. 20, 1959–Dec. 27, 1976 

Kerrey, J. Robert ........................................ Feb. 2, 1989–Jan. 2, 1997 

Wherry, Kenneth S ................................. Jan. 18, 1945–Nov. 29, 1951 

NEVADA 

Bible, Alan H ........................................... Jan. 14, 1959–Dec. 17, 1974 

Laxalt, Paul D ......................................... Dec. 18, 1974–Jan. 23, 1975 

Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1987 

McCarran, Patrick A ................................ Mar. 9, 1933–Sept. 28, 1954 

Nixon, George S ..................................... May 1, 1911–June 5, 1912 

Oddie, Tasker L ...................................... Dec. 13, 1927–Mar. 3, 1933 

Reid, Harry .............................................. Jan. 6, 1987– 

Stewart, William M ................................ Dec. 17, 1891–Mar. 15, 1893 

NEW HAMPSHIRE 

Bridges, H. Styles ................................... Jan. 8, 1937–Nov. 26, 1961 

Cotton, Norris ......................................... Feb. 2, 1962–Dec. 31, 1974 

Durkin, John A ........................................ Jan. 23, 1979–Dec. 29, 1980 

Gallinger, Jacob H .................................. Dec. 1, 1903–Aug. 17, 1918 

Gregg, Judd ............................................ Jan. 3, 1995– 

Keyes, Henry W ..................................... Dec. 5, 1922–Jan. 2, 1937 

Rudman, Warren B ................................. Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1993 

NEW JERSEY 

Case, Clifford P ....................................... Feb. 2, 1962–Jan. 2, 1979 

Kean, John .............................................. Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1911 

Lautenberg, Frank R ................................. Feb. 21, 1985–Jan. 2, 2001 
208 

Name Service on Committee 

Sewell, William J .................................... May 11, 1897–Dec. 27, 1901 

Stockton, John P ........................................ Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 10, 1871 

NEW MEXICO 

Bratton, Sam G ........................................ Jan. 5, 1928–June 24, 1933 

Chavez, Dennis ......................................... Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 6, 1947 

May 26, 1948–Nov. 18, 1962 

Domenici, Pete V .................................... Jan. 3, 1983– 

Jones, Andrieus A ...................................... June 2, 1920–Dec. 20, 1927 

Montoya, Joseph M .................................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 2, 1977 

Schmitt, Harrison H ............................... Jan. 25, 1979–Jan. 2, 1983 

NEW YORK 

Calder, William M .................................. Sept. 3, 1918–May 28, 1919 

Conkling, Roscoe .................................... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 8, 1869 

Copeland, Royal S ..................................... Dec. 13, 1927–June 17, 1938 

D’Amato, Alfonse M ............................... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1995 

Ives, Irving M ......................................... May 22, 1957–Jan. 2, 1959 

Javits, Jacob K ........................................ Aug. 8, 1962–Feb. 25, 1963 

Jan. 16, 1967–Jan. 14, 1969 

Mead, James M ......................................... Dec. 15, 1941–Jan. 2, 1947 

Murphy, Edward, Jr .................................. May 11, 1897–Mar. 3, 1899 

NORTH CAROLINA 

Faircloth, Lauch ....................................... Jan. 9. 1997–Jan. 6, 1999 

Morrison, Cameron A ................................. Jan. 5, 1931–Dec. 4, 1932 

Overman, Lee S .......................................... Dec. 8, 1910–Dec. 12, 1930 

Pool, John ............................................... Dec. 8, 1869–Mar. 10, 1871 

Ransom, Matt W ...................................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 13, 1885 

NORTH DAKOTA 

Andrews, Mark ........................................ Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1987 

Burdick, Quentin N ................................... Feb. 11, 1977–Sept. 8, 1992 

Conrad, Kent ............................................. Sept. 18, 1992–Jan. 7, 1993 

Dorgan, Byron .......................................... Jan. 9, 1997– 

Gronna, Asle J ........................................ May 28, 1919–Mar. 3, 1921 

Nye, Gerald P ......................................... Dec. 13, 1927–Jan. 2, 1945 

Young, Milton R .................................... Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 2, 1981 

OHIO 

Brice, Calvin S ......................................... Mar. 15, 1893–Mar. 3, 1897 

Burton, Harold H ................................... Jan. 14, 1943–Sept. 30, 1945 

DeWine, Mike ........................................ Jan. 25, 2001– 

Taft, Robert A ........................................ Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 21, 1941 

OKLAHOMA 

Bellmon, Henry L ................................... Jan. 12, 1973–Jan. 2, 1981 

Monroney, A.S. Mike ................................. Jan. 14, 1959–Jan. 2, 1969 

Nickles, Don ........................................... Jan. 6, 1987–Jan. 2, 1995 

Owen, Robert L ......................................... May 1, 1911–Dec. 10, 1923 
209 

Name Service on Committee 

Pine, W.B ............................................... Apr. 22, 1929–Mar. 3, 1931 

Thomas, J.W. Elmer .................................. Dec. 14, 1931–Jan. 2, 1951 

OREGON 

Bourne, Jonathan, Jr ............................... May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Chamberlain, George E .............................. Mar. 15, 1913–May 28, 1919 

Cordon, Guy ........................................... Dec. 18, 1945–Jan. 2, 1955 

Hatfield, Mark O .................................... Feb. 23, 1972–Jan. 2, 1997 

Holman, Rufus C .................................... Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 2, 1945 

Steiwer, Frederick .................................... Jan. 11, 1930–Jan. 31, 1938 

PENNSYLVANIA 

Buckle, Charles R ................................... Dec. 10, 1868–Mar. 3, 1869 

Davis, James J ......................................... Dec. 14, 1931–Mar. 9, 1933 

Oliver, George T ..................................... Aug. 8, 1912–Mar. 3, 1917 

Quay, Matthew S .................................... Dec. 30, 1895–Dec. 15, 1899 

Dec. 18, 1901–May 28, 1904 

Schneider, Richard S ............................... Jan. 12, 1973–Jan. 2, 1981 

Specter, Arlen .......................................... Jan. 5, 1981– 

Wallace, William A ................................ Mar. 9, 1875–Mar. 9, 1877 

Dec. 5, 1878–Mar. 3, 1881 

RHODE ISLAND 

Green, Theodore Francis ............................. Jan. 8, 1937–Jan. 10, 1949 

Pastore, John O ......................................... Jan. 9, 1957–Dec. 28, 1976 

Reed, Jack ................................................. July 10, 2001–Jan. 15, 2003 

Sprague, William .................................... Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 3, 1875 

Wetmore, George P ................................ Dec. 15, 1899–Mar. 3, 1907 

May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

SOUTH CAROLINA 

Benet, Christie ........................................... July 11, 1918–Nov. 5, 1918 

Byrnes, James F ......................................... Dec. 14, 1931–July 8, 1941 

Hollings, Ernest F ..................................... Jan. 28, 1971–Jan. 4, 2005 

Lumpkin, Alva M ..................................... July 31, 1941–Aug. 1, 1941 

Maybank, Burnet R ................................... Dec. 15, 1941–Jan. 6, 1947 

Jan. 10, 1949–Sept. 1, 1954 

Peace, Roger C ........................................... Aug. 7, 1941–Nov. 4, 1941 

Pollock, William P .................................... Dec. 3, 1918–Mar. 3, 1919 

Sawyer, Frederick A ................................ Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 3, 1873 

Tillman, Benjamin R .............................. Dec. 15, 1899–July 3, 1918 

SOUTH DAKOTA 

Abdnor, James ......................................... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1987 

Gamble, Robert J .................................... May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Gurney, Chan .......................................... Jan. 21, 1941–Jan. 2, 1951 

Hitchcock, Herbert E .................................. Jan. 8, 1937–Nov. 8, 1938 

Johnson, Tim ............................................. Jan. 25, 2001–June 6, 2001 

July 10, 2001– 

Mundt, Karl E ........................................ Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 29, 1971 

Feb. 23, 1972–Jan. 2, 1973 
210 

Name Service on Committee 

Norbeck, Peter ........................................ Dec. 14, 1931–Dec. 20, 1936 

PETTIGREW, RICHARD F ......................... Dec. 30, 1895–Mar. 3, 1901 

TENNESSEE 

Kefauver, C. Estes ...................................... Jan. 14, 1959–Aug. 10, 1963 

Lea, Luke ................................................. Mar. 15, 1913–Mar. 3, 1917 

McKellar, Kenneth D ................................. Dec. 10, 1923–Jan. 2, 1953 

Sasser, James R ......................................... Feb. 11, 1977–Jan. 2, 1995 

TEXAS 

Culberson, Charles A ................................. Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1923 

Gramm, Phil ........................................... Feb. 2, 1989–Oct. 12, 1995 

Hutchison, Kay Bailey ............................ Jan. 9, 1997– 

Johnson, Lyndon B .................................. Mar. 22, 1956–Jan. 3, 1961 

Yarborough, Ralph W ............................... Jan. 8, 1965–Jan. 2, 1971 

UTAH 

Bennett, Robert F ................................... Jan. 4, 1995– 

Garn, Jake ............................................... Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1993 

Murdock, Abe ............................................ Feb. 28, 1945–Jan. 2, 1947 

Smoot, Reed ............................................ May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1933 

VERMONT 

Dale, Porter H ........................................ Dec. 14, 1931–Oct. 6, 1933 

Dillingham, William P ........................... Mar. 15, 1913–Sept. 3, 1918 

Edmunds, George F ................................ Dec. 8, 1870–Dec. 6, 1872 

Jeffords, James M .................................... Jan. 4, 1995–Jan. 2, 1997 

Leahy, Patrick J ........................................ Feb. 11, 1977–Jan. 7, 1997 

Proctor, Redfield ..................................... Dec. 17, 1907–Mar. 4, 1908 

VIRGINIA 

Daniel, John W ........................................ Dec. 18, 1901–June 29, 1910 

Glass, Carter ............................................ Feb. 13, 1920–May 28, 1946 

Mahone, William .................................... Mar. 13, 1885–Mar. 3, 1887 

Martin, Thomas S ..................................... Dec. 8, 1910–Nov. 12, 1919 

Robertson, A. Willis .................................. Jan. 10, 1949–July 26, 1949 

Jan. 12, 1950–Jan. 15, 1951 

May 21, 1951–Dec. 30, 1966 

Withers, Robert E ...................................... Mar. 19, 1875–Mar. 3, 1881 

WASHINGTON 

Adams, Brock ............................................ Feb. 2, 1898–Jan. 2, 1993 

Gorton, Slade .......................................... Feb. 5, 1991–Jan. 3, 2001 

Grammar, Elijah S .................................. Dec. 8, 1932–Mar. 3, 1933 

Jones, Wesley L ....................................... Mar. 15, 1913–Nov. 19, 1932 

Magnuson, Warren G ................................ Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 2, 1981 

Murray, Patty ........................................... Jan. 7, 1993– 
211 

Name Service on Committee 

WEST VIRGINIA 

Byrd, Robert C .......................................... Jan. 14, 1959– 

Davis, Henry G ........................................ Mar. 12, 1873–Mar. 3, 1883 

Elkins, Stephen B .................................... Dec. 14, 1904–Jan. 4, 1911 

Faulkner, Charles J ................................... Dec. 30, 1895–Mar. 3, 1899 

Kilgore, Harley M ..................................... Jan. 10, 1949–Feb. 28, 1956 

Neely, Matthew M .................................... Dec. 10, 1923–Mar. 9, 1925 

WISCONSIN 

Duffy, F. Ryan ......................................... Jan. 8, 1937–Jan. 2, 1939 

Howe, Timothy O ................................... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 8, 1869 

Kasten, Robert W., Jr ............................. Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1993 

Kohl, Herb ................................................ Jan. 7, 1993– 

Lenroot, Irvine L ..................................... Mar. 16, 1922–Mar. 3, 1927 

McCarthy, Joseph R ................................ Jan. 15, 1951–May 21, 1951 

Jan. 14, 1952–May 2, 1957 

Proxmire, William ..................................... Aug. 23, 1963–Jan. 2, 1989 

WYOMING 

Carey, Robert D ...................................... Mar. 9, 1933–Jan. 2, 1937 

Kendrick, John B ....................................... Mar. 9, 1925–Nov. 3, 1933 

McGee, Gale W ........................................ Jan. 14, 1959–Jan. 2, 1977 

O’Mahoney, Joseph C ................................. Jan. 4, 1934–Jan. 2, 1953 

Warren, Francis E ................................... Dec. 15, 1899–Nov. 24, 1929 

1Republican, 1893–1897; Silver Republican, 1897–1901; Democrat, 1901– 

1909. 

NOTE.—From 1789 until 1933, the terms of the President and Vice President and the term of the Congress coincided, beginning on March 4 and ending 

on March 3. This changed when the 20th amendment to the Constitution was 

adopted in 1933. Beginning in 1934 the convening date for Congress became 

January 3, and beginning in 1937 the starting date for the Presidential term 

became January 20. 

213 

Alphabetical Listing of Members of the 

Committee 

(INCLUDING STATE AND SERVICE ON COMMITTEE) 

(Democrats in italics; Republicans in roman; others in small caps) 

A 

Abdnor, James .......................... South Dakota .......... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1887 

Adams, Alva B .......................... Colorado .................. Mar. 9, 1933–Dec. 1, 1941 

Adams, Brock ............................. Washington ............ Feb. 2, 1989–Jan. 2, 1993 

Allard, Wayne .......................... Colorado .................. Jan. 6, 2005– 

Allison, William B ................... Iowa ........................ Mar. 12, 1873–Aug. 4, 1908 

Allott, Gordon ......................... Colorado .................. Jan. 20, 1959–Jan. 2, 1973 

Ames, Adelbert ........................ Mississippi .............. Mar. 12, 1873–Jan. 10, 1874 

Andrews, Mark ......................... North Dakota .......... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1987 

B 

Ball, Joseph H .......................... Minnesota ................ Feb. 21, 1944–Jan. 2, 1949 

Bankhead, John H., II ................ Alabama .................. Jan. 4, 1934–June 12, 1946 

Bartlett, E.L .............................. Alaska ..................... Feb. 25, 1963–Dec. 11, 1968 

Bayard, Thomas F., Jr ............... Delaware ................. Dec. 10, 1923–Dec. 13, 1927 

Bayh, Birch E ............................ Indiana .................... Aug. 2, 1972–Jan. 2, 1981 

Beck, James B ............................ Kentucky ................ Mar. 9, 1877–May 3, 1890 

Bellmon, Henry L .................... Oklahoma ................ Jan. 12, 1973–Jan. 2, 1981 

Benet, Christie ............................ South Carolina ........ July 11, 1918–Nov. 5, 1918 

Bennett, Robert F .................... Utah ........................ Jan. 3, 1995– 

Berry, James H ........................... Arkansas .................. May 11, 1897–Mar. 3, 1907 

Bible, Alan H ............................ Nevada .................... Jan. 14, 1959–Dec. 17, 1974 

Bingham, Hiram ...................... Connecticut ............. Dec. 14, 1926–Mar. 3, 1933 

Blackburn, Joseph C.S ................. Kentucky ................ May 27, 1890–Mar. 3, 1897 

Blaine, James G ....................... Maine ...................... Dec. 6, 1876–Mar. 18, 1881 

Boggs, J. Caleb ........................ Delaware ................. Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 2, 1973 

Bond, Christopher S ................. Missouri .................. Feb. 5, 1991– 

Booth, Newton ......................... California ................ Mar. 19, 1879–Mar. 3, 1881 

Bourne, Jonathan, Jr ................ Oregon .................... May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Boxer, Barbara ........................... California ................ Jan. 9, 1997–Jan. 7, 1999 

Bratton, Sam G ........................ New Mexico ............ Jan. 5, 1928–June 24, 1933 

Brice, Calvin S ........................... Ohio ........................ Mar. 15, 1893–Mar. 3, 1897 

Bridges, H. Styles .................... New Hampshire ...... Jan. 8, 1937–Nov. 26, 1961 

Brooke, Edward W ................... Massachusetts .......... Jan. 29, 1971–Jan. 2, 1979 

Brooks, C. Wayland ................. Illinois ..................... Jan. 21, 1941–Jan. 2, 1949 

Broussard, Edwin S .................... Louisiana ................. Dec. 10, 1923–Mar. 3, 1933 

Brownback, Sam ......................... Kansas ..................... Jan. 15, 2003– 

Bryan, Nathan P ....................... Florida ..................... Mar. 15, 1913–Mar. 3, 1917 

Buckalew, Charles R ................... Pennsylvania ............ Dec. 10, 1868–Mar. 3, 1869 

Bumpers, Dale ............................ Arkansas .................. Jan. 27, 1978–Jan. 6, 1999 

Burdick, Quentin N .................... North Dakota .......... Feb. 11, 1977–Sept. 8, 1992 
214 

Burke, Edward R ....................... Nebraska ................. Jan. 8, 1937–Jan. 2, 1941 

Burkett, Elmer J ...................... Nebraska ................. Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1911 

Burns, Conrad .......................... Montana .................. Jan. 7, 1993– 

Burton, Harold H .................... Ohio ........................ Jan. 14, 1943–Sept. 30, 1945 

Byrd, Robert C ........................... West Virginia ......... Jan. 14, 1959– 

Byrnes, James F .......................... South Carolina ........ Dec. 14, 1931–July 8, 1941 

C 

Calder, William M ................... New York ............... Sept. 3, 1918–May 28, 1919 

Call, Wilkinson ......................... Florida ..................... Dec. 10, 1883–Mar. 3, 1897 

Cameron, Ralph H ................... Arizona .................... Dec. 15, 1925–Mar. 3, 1927 

Campbell, Ben Nighthorse ....... Colorado .................. Oct. 12, 1995–Jan. 4, 2005 

Carey, Robert D ....................... Wyoming ................ Mar. 9, 1933–Jan. 2, 1937 

Carter, Thomas H .................... Montana .................. Dec. 15, 1899–Mar. 3, 1901 

Case, Clifford P ........................ New Jersey .............. Feb. 2, 1962–Jan. 2, 1979 

Chamberlain, George E ............... Oregon .................... Mar. 15, 1913–May 28, 1919 

Chavez, Dennis ........................... New Mexico ............ Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 6, 1947 

May 26, 1948–Nov. 18, 1962 

Chiles, Lawton M., Jr ................ Florida ..................... Jan. 4, 1973–Jan. 2, 1989 

Clay, Alexander S ...................... Georgia ................... June 21, 1906–Nov. 13, 1910 

Clements, Earle C ....................... Kentucky ................ Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1957 

Cochran, Thad .......................... Mississippi .............. Jan. 5, 1981– 

Cockrell, Francis M .................... Missouri .................. Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 3, 1905 

Cohen, John S .......................... Georgia ................... Apr. 25, 1932–Jan. 11, 1933 

Cole, Cornelius ......................... California ................ Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 3, 1873 

Conkling, Roscoe ..................... New York ............... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 8, 1869 

Conrad, Kent .............................. North Dakota .......... Sept. 18, 1992–Jan. 7, 1993 

Coolidge, Marcus A .................... Massachusetts .......... Mar. 9, 1933–Jan. 2, 1937 

Copeland, Royal S ...................... New York ............... Dec. 13, 1927–June 17, 1938 

Cordon, Guy ............................. Oregon .................... Dec. 18, 1945–Jan. 2, 1955 

Cotton, Norris .......................... New Hampshire ...... Feb. 2, 1962–Dec. 31, 1974 

Craig, Larry .............................. Idaho ....................... Jan. 9, 1997– 

Culberson, Charles A .................. Texas ....................... Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1923 

Cullom, Shelby M .................... Illinois ..................... Dec. 17, 1891–Mar. 22, 1909 

Curtis, Charles .......................... Kansas ..................... Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 4, 1913 

Dec. 13, 1915–Mar. 3, 1929 

D 

D’Amato, Alfonse M ................ New York ............... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1995 

Dale, Porter H ......................... Vermont .................. Dec. 14, 1931–Oct. 6, 1933 

Daniel, John W ......................... Virginia ................... Dec. 18, 1901–June 29, 1910 

Davis, Henry G ......................... West Virginia ......... Mar. 12, 1873–Mar. 3, 1883 

Davis, James J .......................... Pennsylvania ............ Dec. 14, 1931–Mar. 9, 1933 

Dawes, Henry L ....................... Massachusetts .......... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 3, 1893 

DeConcini, Dennis W ................. Arizona .................... Jan. 10, 1977–Jan. 2, 1995 

DeWine, Mike ......................... Ohio ........................ Jan. 25, 2001– 

Dickinson, L.J .......................... Iowa ........................ Dec. 14, 1931–Jan. 2, 1937 

Dillingham, William P ............ Vermont .................. Mar. 15, 1913–Sept. 3, 1918 

Dirksen, Everett M ................... Illinois ..................... Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 20, 1959 

Dixon, Joseph M ...................... Montana .................. May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Dodd, Thomas J ......................... Connecticut ............. Jan. 14, 1959–Jan. 10, 1961 

Dorgan, Byron ........................... North Dakota .......... Jan. 9, 1997– 

Domenici, Pete V ..................... New Mexico ............ Jan. 3, 1983– 

Dorsey, Stephen W .................. Arkansas .................. Feb. 13, 1874–Mar. 3, 1879 

Doxey, Wall .............................. Mississippi .............. Dec. 15, 1941–Jan. 2, 1943 
215 

Duffy, F. Ryan .......................... Wisconsin ............... Jan. 8, 1937–Jan. 2, 1939 

Durbin, Richard ......................... Illinois ..................... Jan. 7, 1999– 

Durkin, John A ........................ New Hampshire ...... Jan. 23, 1979–Dec. 29, 1980 

Dworshak, Henry C ................. Idaho ....................... Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 2, 1949 

Jan. 13, 1953–July 23, 1962 

E 

Eagleton, Thomas F .................... Missouri .................. Jan. 4, 1973–Feb. 21, 1985 

Eaton, William W ..................... Connecticut ............. Mar. 9, 1875–Mar. 19, 1875 

Mar. 9, 1877–Dec. 5, 1878 

Mar. 19, 1879–Mar. 3, 1881 

Ecton, Zales N ......................... Montana .................. Jan. 15, 1951–Jan. 2, 1953 

Edmunds, George F ................. Vermont .................. Dec. 8, 1870–Dec. 6, 1872 

Elkins, Stephen B ..................... West Virginia ......... Dec. 14, 1904–Jan. 4, 1911 

Ellender, Allen J ........................ Louisiana ................. Jan. 10, 1949–July 27, 1972 

F 

Faircloth, Lauch ........................ North Carolina ........ Jan. 9, 1997–Jan. 6, 1999 

Farwell, Charles B .................... Illinois ..................... Dec. 12, 1887–Mar. 3, 1891 

Faulkner, Charles J .................... West Virginia ......... Dec. 30, 1895–Mar. 3, 1899 

Feinstein, Dianne ........................ California ................ Jan. 7, 1993–Jan. 3, 1995 

Jan. 7, 1999– 

Ferguson, Homer J ................... Michigan ................. Jan. 10, 1945–Jan. 2, 1955 

Fessenden, William P ............... Maine ...................... Mar. 8, 1869–Sept. 9, 1869 

Fong, Hiram L ......................... Hawaii .................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 2, 1977 

Foster, Murphy J ........................ Louisiana ................. Dec. 17, 1907–Mar. 3, 1913 

Fowler, Wyche, Jr ....................... Georgia ................... Feb. 2, 1989–Jan. 2, 1993 

G 

Gallinger, Jacob H ................... New Hampshire ...... Dec. 1, 1903–Aug. 17, 1918 

Gamble, Robert J ..................... South Dakota .......... May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Garn, Jake ................................ Utah ........................ Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1993 

Gay, Edward J .......................... Louisiana ................. Dec. 3, 1918–Mar. 3, 1921 

Glass, Carter ............................. Virginia ................... Feb. 13, 1920–May 28, 1946 

Glenn, Otis F ........................... Illinois ..................... Apr. 22, 1929–Dec. 14, 1931 

Gorman, Arthur P ..................... Maryland ................. Mar. 13, 1885–Mar. 3, 1899 

Dec. 18, 1905–June 4, 1906 

Gorton, Slade ........................... Washington ............ Feb. 5, 1991–Jan. 3, 2001 

Gramm, Phil ............................ Texas ....................... Feb. 2, 1989–Oct. 12, 1995 

Grammar, Elijah S ................... Washington ............ Dec. 8, 1932–Mar. 3, 1933 

Grassley, Charles E ................... Iowa ........................ Jan. 6, 1987–Feb. 5, 1991 

Green, Theodore F ....................... Rhode Island ........... Jan. 8, 1937–Jan. 10, 1949 

Gregg, Judd ............................. New Hampshire ...... Jan. 3, 1995– 

Grimes, James W ..................... Iowa ........................ Mar. 7, 1867–Dec. 6, 1869 

Gronna, Asle J ......................... North Dakota .......... May 28, 1919–Mar. 3, 1921 

Gurney, Chan ........................... South Dakota .......... Jan. 21, 1941–Jan. 2, 1951 

Guthrie, James ........................... Kentucky ................ Mar. 7, 1867–Feb. 7, 1868 

H 

Hale, Eugene ............................ Maine ...................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 3, 1911 

Hale, Frederick ......................... Maine ...................... May 28, 1919–Jan. 2, 1941 

Hardwick, Thomas W ................. Georgia ................... Mar. 12, 1917–Mar. 3, 1919 

Harkin, Tom .............................. Iowa ........................ Feb. 21, 1985– 

Harris, William J ...................... Georgia ................... May 28, 1919–Apr. 18, 1932 

Hatfield, Mark O ..................... Oregon .................... Feb. 23, 1972–Jan. 2, 1997 
216 

Hayden, Carl T ......................... Arizona .................... Dec. 13, 1927–Jan. 2, 1969 

Hemenway, James A ................ Indiana .................... Dec. 17, 1907–Mar. 3, 1909 

Hill, J. Lister ............................ Alabama .................. Jan. 10, 1949–Jan. 2, 1969 

Hitchcock, Herbert E ................... South Dakota .......... Jan. 8, 1937–Nov. 8, 1938 

Holland, Spessard L .................... Florida ..................... Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1971 

Hollings, Ernest F ...................... South Carolina ........ Jan. 28, 1971–Jan. 4, 2005 

Holman, Rufus C ..................... Oregon .................... Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 2, 1945 

Howe, Timothy O .................... Wisconsin ............... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 8, 1869 

Hruska, Roman L ..................... Nebraska ................. Jan. 20, 1959–Dec. 27, 1976 

Huddleston, Walter D ................. Kentucky ................ Jan. 17, 1975–Jan. 2, 1985 

Humphrey, Hubert H .................. Minnesota ................ Jan. 10, 1961–Dec. 29, 1964 

Hutchison Kay Bailey .............. Texas ....................... Jan. 9, 1997– 

I 

Inouye, Daniel K ........................ Hawaii .................... Jan. 28, 1971– 

Ives, Irving M .......................... New York ............... May 22, 1957–Jan. 2, 1959 

J 

Javits, Jacob K ......................... New York ............... Aug. 8, 1962–Feb. 25, 1963 

Jan. 16, 1967–Jan. 14, 1969 

Jeffords, James M ..................... Vermont .................. Jan. 4, 1995–Jan. 2, 1997 

Johnson, Lyndon B ...................... Texas ....................... Mar. 22, 1956–Jan. 3, 1961 

Johnson, Tim .............................. South Dakota .......... Jan. 25, 2001–June 6, 2001 

July 10, 2001– 

Johnston, J. Bennett ................. Louisiana ................. Jan. 17, 1975–Jan. 2, 1997 

Jones, Andrieus A ....................... New Mexico ............ June 2, 1920–Dec. 20, 1927 

Jones, Wesley L ........................ Washington ............ Mar. 15, 1913–Nov. 19, 1932 

K 

Kasten, Robert W., Jr .............. Wisconsin ............... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1993 

Kean, John ............................... New Jersey .............. Mar. 22, 1909–Mar. 3, 1911 

Kefauver, C. Estes ....................... Tennessee ................ Jan. 14, 1959–Aug. 10, 1963 

Kendrick, John B ........................ Wyoming ................ Mar. 9, 1925–Nov. 3, 1933 

Kenyon, William S .................. Iowa ........................ Mar. 12, 1917–Feb. 24, 1922 

Kerrey, J. Robert ......................... Nebraska ................. Feb. 2, 1989–Jan. 2, 1997 

Keyes, Henry W ...................... New Hampshire ...... Dec. 5, 1922–Jan. 2, 1937 

Kilgore, Harley M ...................... West Virginia ......... Jan. 10, 1949–Feb. 28, 1956 

Knowland, William F .............. California ................ Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 10, 1949 

July 26, 1949–Jan. 2, 1959 

Kohl, Herb ................................. Wisconsin ............... Jan. 7, 1993– 

Kuchel, Thomas H ................... California ................ Jan. 20, 1959–Jan. 2, 1969 

Kyl, Jon ................................... Arizona .................... Jan. 7, 1999–Jan. 25, 2001 

June 6, 2001–July 10, 2001 

L 

Landrieu, Mary .......................... Louisiana ................. Jan. 25, 2001–June 6, 2001 

July 10, 2001– 

Lautenberg, Frank R ................ New Jersey .............. Feb. 21, 1985–Jan. 3, 2001 

Laxalt, Paul .............................. Nevada .................... Dec. 18, 1974–Jan. 23, 1975 

Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1987 

Lea, Luke ................................... Tennessee ................ Mar. 15, 1913–Mar. 3, 1917 

Leahy, Patrick J ......................... Vermont .................. Feb. 11, 1977– 

Lenroot, Irvine L ...................... Wisconsin ............... Mar. 16, 1922–Mar. 3, 1927 

Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr ............ Massachusetts .......... Feb. 16, 1938–Feb. 3, 1944 

Logan, John A .......................... Illinois ..................... Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 13, 1885 
217 

Lumpkin, Alva M ...................... South Carolina ........ July 31, 1941–Aug. 1, 1941 

M 

Mack, Connie ........................... Florida ..................... Jan. 7, 1993–Jan. 2, 2001 

Magnuson, Warren G ................. Washington ............ Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 2, 1981 

Mahone, William ..................... Virginia ................... Mar. 13, 1885–Mar. 3, 1887 

Maloney, Francis T .................... Connecticut ............. Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 16, 1945 

Mansfield, Michael J .................. Montana .................. Feb. 25, 1963–Jan. 2, 1977 

Martin, Thomas S ...................... Virginia ................... Dec. 8, 1910–Nov. 12, 1919 

Mathias, Charles McC., Jr ........ Maryland ................. Jan. 12, 1973–Jan. 5, 1981 

Mattingly, Mack F ................... Georgia ................... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1987 

Maybank, Burnet R .................... South Carolina ........ Dec. 15, 1941–Jan. 6, 1947 

Jan. 10, 1949–Sept. 1, 1954 

McAdoo, William Gibbs ............. California ................ Jan. 3, 1935–Nov. 8, 1938 

McCarran, Patrick A ................. Nevada .................... Mar. 9, 1933–Sept. 28, 1954 

McCarthy, Joseph R ................. Wisconsin ............... Jan. 15, 1951–May 21, 1951 

Jan. 14, 1952–May 2, 1957 

McClellan, John L ...................... Arkansas .................. Jan. 10, 1949–Nov. 28, 1977 

McClure, James A .................... Idaho ....................... Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1991 

McConnell, Mitch .................... Kentucky ................ Jan. 7, 1993– 

McGee, Gale W ......................... Wyoming ................ Jan. 14, 1959–Jan. 2, 1977 

McKellar, Kenneth D .................. Tennessee ................ Dec. 10, 1923–Jan. 2, 1953 

McKinley, William B .............. Illinois ..................... Apr. 18, 1921–Dec. 7, 1926 

McMillan, James ...................... Michigan ................. Feb. 7, 1902–Aug. 10, 1902 

Mead, James M .......................... New York ............... Dec. 15, 1941–Jan. 2, 1947 

Melcher, John ............................. Montana .................. Jan. 10, 1977–Feb. 11, 1977 

Mikulski, Barbara A ................. Maryland ................. Jan. 6, 1987– 

Monroney, A. S. Mike ................. Oklahoma ................ Jan. 14, 1959–Jan. 2, 1969 

Montoya, Joseph .......................... New Mexico ............ Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 2, 1977 

Morrill, Lot M .......................... Maine ...................... Mar. 7, 1867–Mar. 3, 1869 

Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 10, 1871 

Dec. 6, 1872–July 7, 1876 

Morrison, Cameron ...................... North Carolina ........ Jan. 5, 1931–Dec. 4, 1932 

Mundt, Karl E ......................... South Dakota .......... Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 29, 1971 

Feb. 23, 1972–Jan. 2, 1973 

Murdock, Abe ............................. Utah ........................ Feb. 28, 1945–Jan. 2, 1947 

Murphy, Edward J ..................... New York ............... May 11, 1897–Mar. 3, 1899 

Murray, Patty ............................ Washington ............ Jan. 7, 1993– 

N 

Neely, Matthew M ..................... West Virginia ......... Dec. 10–1923–Mar. 9, 1925 

Newberry, Truman H .............. Michigan ................. May 28, 1919–Nov. 18, 1922 

Nickles, Don ............................ Oklahoma ................ Jan. 6, 1987–Jan. 2, 1995 

Nixon, George S ....................... Nevada .................... May 1, 1911–June 5, 1912 

Norbeck, Peter ......................... South Dakota .......... Dec. 14, 1931–Dec. 20, 1936 

Nye, Gerald P .......................... North Dakota .......... Dec. 13, 1927–Jan. 2, 1945 

O 

Oddie Tasker L ........................ Nevada .................... Dec. 13, 1927–Mar. 3, 1933 

Oliver, George T ...................... Pennsylvania ............ Aug. 8, 1912–Mar. 3, 1917 

O’Mahoney, Joseph C ................... Wyoming ................ Jan. 4, 1934–Jan. 2, 1953 

Overman, Lee S ........................... North Carolina ........ Dec. 8, 1910–Dec. 12, 1930 

Overton, John H ......................... Louisiana ................. Mar. 9, 1933–May 14, 1948 

Owen, Robert L ........................... Oklahoma ................ May 1, 1911–Dec. 10, 1923 
218 

P 

Pastore, John O ........................... South Dakota .......... Jan. 9, 1957–Dec. 28, 1976 

Patterson, Roscoe C .................. Missouri .................. Jan. 11, 1934–Jan. 2, 1935 

Peace, Roger C ............................ South Carolina ........ Aug. 7, 1941–Nov. 4, 1941 

Pearson, James B. ..................... Kansas ..................... Jan. 14, 1969–Jan. 29, 1971 

Percy, Charles H ...................... Illinois ..................... Jan. 29, 1971–Jan. 2, 1972 

Feb. 23, 1972–Jan. 12, 1973 

Perkins, George C .................... California ................ Dec. 30, 1895–Mar. 3, 1915 

PETTIGREW, RICHARD F .......... South Dakota .......... Dec. 30, 1895–Mar. 3, 1901 

Phipps, Lawrence C .................. Colorado .................. May 28, 1919–Mar. 3, 1931 

Pine, W. B ............................... Oklahoma ................ Apr. 22, 1929–Mar. 3, 1931 

Plumb, Preston B ..................... Kansas ..................... Mar. 18, 1881–Dec. 20, 1891 

Pollock, William P ..................... South Carolina ........ Dec. 3, 1918–Mar. 3, 1919 

Pool, John ................................ North Carolina ........ Dec. 8, 1869–Mar. 10, 1871 

Potter, Charles E ...................... Michigan ................. Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1959 

Proctor, Redfield ...................... Vermont .................. Dec. 17, 1907–Mar. 4, 1908 

Proxmire, William ...................... Wisconsin ............... Aug. 23, 1963–Jan. 2, 1989 

Q 

Quay, Matthew S ..................... Pennsylvania ............ Dec. 30, 1895–Dec. 15, 1899 

Dec. 18, 1901–May 28, 1904 

R 

Ransom, Matt W ....................... North Carolina ........ Mar. 18, 1881–Mar. 13, 1885 

Reed, Clyde .............................. Kansas ..................... Jan. 14, 1943–Nov. 8, 1949 

Reed, Jack .................................. Rhode Island ........... July 10, 2001–Jan. 15, 2003 

Reid, Harry ............................... Nevada .................... Jan. 6, 1987– 

Riegle, Donald W ....................... Michigan ................. Jan. 10, 1977–Feb. 11, 1977 

Robertson, A. Willis ................... Virginia ................... Jan. 10, 1949–July 26, 1949 

Jan. 12, 1950–Jan. 15, 1951 

May 21, 1951–Dec. 30, 1966 

Robinson, Joseph T ...................... Arkansas .................. Dec. 13, 1915–Sept. 9, 1918 

Rudman, Warren ..................... New Hampshire ...... Jan. 5, 1981–Jan. 2, 1993 

Russell, Richard B ...................... Georgia ................... Jan. 10, 1933–Jan. 21, 1971 

S 

Saltonstall, Leverett .................. Massachusetts .......... Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 2, 1967 

Sarbanes, Paul ........................... Maryland ................. Jan. 10, 1977–Feb. 11, 1977 

Sargent, Aaron A ...................... California ................ Mar. 12, 1873–Mar. 3, 1879 

Sasser, James R ........................... Tennessee ................ Feb. 11, 1977–Jan. 2, 1995 

Sawyer, Frederick A ................. South Carolina ........ Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 3, 1873 

Schmitt, Harrison ..................... New Mexico ............ Jan. 23, 1979–Jan. 2, 1983 

Schoeppel, Andrew F ................ Kansas ..................... Jan. 13, 1961–Jan. 21, 1962 

Schweiker, Richard S ................ Pennsylvania ............ Jan. 12, 1973–Jan. 2, 1981 

Sewell, William J ..................... New Jersey .............. May 11, 1897–Dec. 27, 1901 

Shafroth, John F ......................... Colorado .................. Mar. 15, 1913–Mar. 3, 1919 

Shelby, Richard C .................... Alabama .................. Jan. 4, 1995– 

Sherman, Lawrence Y ............... Illinois ..................... Mar. 12, 1917–Mar. 3, 1921 

Smith, John Walter .................. Maryland ................. May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1921 

Smith, Marcus A ...................... Arizona .................... Mar. 12, 1917–Mar. 3, 1921 

Smith, Margaret Chase ............. Maine ...................... Jan. 13, 1953–Jan. 2, 1973 

Smoot, Reed ............................. Utah ........................ May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1933 

Specter, Arlen ........................... Pennsylvania ............ Jan. 5, 1981– 

Spencer, Selden P ..................... Missouri .................. May 28, 1919–May 16, 1925 
219 

Sprague, William ..................... Rhode Island ........... Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 3, 1875 

Steiwer, Frederick ..................... Oregon .................... Jan. 11, 1930–Jan. 31, 1938 

Stennis, John C ........................... Mississippi .............. Jan. 11, 1955–Jan. 2, 1989 

Stevens, Ted ............................. Alaska ..................... Feb. 23, 1972– 

Stevenson, John W ................... Kentucky ................ Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 9, 1875 

Stewart, William M ................. Nevada .................... Dec. 17, 1891–Mar. 15, 1893 

Stockton, John P ...................... New Jersey .............. Mar. 8, 1869–Mar. 10, 1871 

T 

Taft, Robert A ......................... Ohio ........................ Jan. 10, 1939–Jan. 21, 1941 

TELLER, HENRY M ................... Colorado .................. Mar. 15, 1893–Mar. 3, 1909 

Thomas, Elmer ........................... Oklahoma ................ Dec. 14, 1931–Jan. 2, 1951 

Thye, Edward J ........................ Minnesota ................ Jan. 15, 1951–Jan. 2, 1959 

Tillman, Benjamin R ................. South Carolina ........ Dec. 15, 1899–July 3, 1918 

Townsend, Charles E ................ Michigan ................. Dec. 13, 1915–Mar. 12, 1917 

Townsend, John G., Jr ............. Delaware ................. Mar. 9, 1933–Jan. 2, 1941 

Truman, Harry S ....................... Missouri .................. Jan. 3, 1935–Jan. 18, 1945 

Tydings, Millard E .................... Maryland ................. Dec. 6, 1932–Jan. 10, 1949 

U 

Underwood, Oscar W ............... Alabama .................. Dec. 13, 1915–June 2, 1920 

W 

Wallace, William A ................. Pennsylvania ............ Mar. 9, 1875–Mar. 9, 1877 

Dec. 5, 1878–Mar. 3, 1881 

Warren, Francis E .................... Wyoming ................ Dec. 15, 1899–Nov. 24, 1929 

Weeks, John W ....................... Massachusetts .......... Sept. 3, 1918–Mar. 3, 1919 

Weicker, Lowell P., Jr ............. Connecticut ............. Feb. 22, 1977–Jan. 2, 1989 

West, J. Rodman ..................... Louisiana ................. Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 3, 1877 

Wetmore, George P ................. Rhode Island ........... Dec. 15, 1899–Mar. 3, 1907 

May 1, 1911–Mar. 3, 1913 

Wherry, Kenneth S .................. Nebraska ................. Jan. 18, 1945–Nov. 29, 1951 

White, Wallace H., Jr ............. Maine ...................... Jan. 21, 1941–Jan. 6, 1947 

Willis, Raymond E .................. Indiana .................... Jan. 10, 1945–Jan. 2, 1947 

Wilson, Henry ......................... Massachusetts .......... Mar. 7, 1867–Dec. 8, 1870 

Windom, William ................... Minnesota ................ Mar. 10, 1871–Mar. 14, 1881 

Withers, Robert E ....................... Virginia ................... Mar. 19, 1875–Mar. 3, 1881 

Y 

Yarborough, Ralph ..................... Texas ....................... Jan. 8, 1965–Jan. 2, 1971 

Young, Milton R ..................... North Dakota .......... Jan. 6, 1947–Jan. 2, 1981 

NOTE.—From 1789 until 1933, the terms of the President and Vice President and the term of the Congress coincided, beginning on March 4 and ending 

on March 3. This changed when the 20th amendment to the Constitution was 

adopted in 1933. Beginning in 1934 the convening date for Congress became 

January 3, and beginning in 1937 the starting date for the Presidential term 

became January 20. 

221 

The Committee Rooms 

The Senate Committee on Appropriations originally occupied 

rooms on the second floor of the Capitol, Rooms S–219 and S– 

219A. In 1911, the Committee moved downstairs into what are 

now rooms S–127, S–128, and S–129. The move downstairs coincided with Francis E. Warren’s shift from chairing the Military 

Affairs Committee, which had previously occupied S–128 and S– 

129, to chairing Appropriations. Thus, on that occasion, the chairman retained the same office space, while the committees moved. 

Appropriations has utilized these quarters ever since, with the addition of adjacent rooms S–125, S–126, S–130, and S–131. 

Outside, over the entrance to the reception room, S–128, is a 

fresco entitled Bellona, the Roman Goddess of War, chosen because 

at the time it was being painted for the Committee on Military 

Affairs which occupied the room. Captain Montgomery C. Meigs 

of the Army Corps of Engineers, who oversaw construction of the 

new Senate and House wings of the Capitol in the 1850s, hired 

artist Constantino Brumidi to decorate the rooms. Brumidi, who 

arrived in the United States from Italy in 1852, had experience 

painting frescoes in Rome. He prepared designs and supervised the 

decoration of many parts of the Capitol from the 1850s until his 

death in 1880. Other notable examples of his work in the Capitol 

appear in the Rotunda and in the ornately decorated corridors on 

the first floor of the Senate wing known as the Brumidi Corridors. 

Brumidi was working on the frieze in the Capitol dome at the 

time he died. 

Today, one can still enjoy the full beauty of the reception 

room’s decorations, all in a military motif. Five frescoed lunettes 

by Brumidi, depicting scenes from the Revolutionary War, dominate the upper walls. The scenes are entitled Storming Of Stony 

Point, 1779; Washington at Valley Forge, 1778; The Battle of Lexington, 1775; Boston Massacre, 1770; and Death of General Wooster, 

1777. These frescoes are attractively set off above plain painted 

panels of dark green. Between the panels are six pilasters painted 

by artist James Leslie in 1857 that show trophy weapons and military equipment of various historical periods, including swords, 

belts, shields, pistols, pikes, trumpets, powder horns, helmets, 

flags, battle-axes, muskets, and picks. The ceiling is ornately and 

symmetrically decorated with small scenes related to the Revolu-
222 

tionary War, such as the death of General Montgomery. Around 

these images are cherubs, wreaths, flowers, arabesques, garlands, 

shields, and bundles of fasces. A large goldleaf mirror, designed 

for the room in 1859, occupies the center of one end of the room. 

It is decorated at the top with a shield with the Stars and Stripes 

and models of an artillery piece, drums, muskets, and pikes. From 

the ceiling is suspended a large crystal chandelier that replaces the 

original bronze gaslighted fixture. 

The main Committee room in the Capitol, S–127, located to 

the north of the reception room, was formerly occupied by the 

Committee on Naval Affairs. The decoration is in a style derived 

from the remains of ancient Roman wall paintings in the Baths 

of Titus and the excavations of Pompeii. As originally designed by 

Brumidi, the walls were to be filled with depictions of U.S. naval 

battles, and later with illusionistic porticoes. Because of dissatisfaction with the artists who were to have carried out the work, only 

one was ever completed. The ceiling is painted in fresco and tempera and is highly ornate, dominated by seven Roman gods and 

goddesses of the sea, together with ‘‘America’’ in the form of a 

Native American. Interspersed throughout are scenes of mermaids 

and centaurs, eagles, Indians, and settlers. The walls are painted 

in oil and are divided into nine panels of maidens in flowing robes 

with various naval instruments—a compass, a map, a telescope, 

and other nautical objects. Three crystal chandeliers installed in 

the twentieth century complete the arrangement. Of particular interest to visitors is the 30-foot conference table that dominates the 

room, at which each member has a designated place. The room 

is carpeted in a rich red pattern studded with gold stars. A prizewinning restoration of the room, carried out between 1978 and 

1982, included repainting some damaged areas of the walls and 

removing bookcases and other objects that detracted from its appearance. Brumidi’s watercolor sketch for the room and cleaning 

tests showed that the backgrounds of the panels with the maidens 

were a vivid blue under layers of dark green overpaint. Conservation of the panels began with a study and then a pilot phase on 

one panel to verify that it would be possible to remove the 

overpaint and recover the original background. The conservators 

found that the most effective method was to remove the overpaint 

and yellowed varnish with scalpels. The conservation of all of the 

maiden panels was undertaken in the summer of 2004. Fortunately, the beautiful maidens painted by Brumidi were essentially 

intact, and the conservators were able to skillfully match the blue 

color in areas that had been replastered. The conservators also uncovered the original flowers below the maidens and recreated those 
223 

that were lost. A glass panel in the outer door enables members 

of the public to view this beautiful room when it is not in use. 

The smaller room adjoining the Committee’s reception room, S– 

129, was assigned to the Committee on the Library at the time 

Brumidi painted the ceiling frescoes in 1875. The design therefore 

represents allegorical figures of science, architecture, sculpture, and 

painting. ‘‘Of special note is the depiction of a bust of author 

Washingon Irving in the scene representing ‘sculpture,’ and the 

drawing of the Capitol dome in the scene of ‘architecture.’ The 

other frescoes show ‘painting’ and ‘science.’’ Not until 1910 did 

Carl Rakemann, whose father had worked with Brumidi, complete 

the decoration of the room. Rakemann, born in Washington, D.C., 

in 1878, had studied in Europe and had exhibited at the Corcoran 

Gallery of Art. Since the room was used by the Military Affairs 

Committee at the time he worked, he chose a motif in keeping 

with the adjoining reception room, painting four lunettes containing portraits of outstanding Revolutionary generals with historic flags. 

The oval portrait in the east lunette shows General George 

Washington, flanked by helmets and military weapons of the time 

and flags of the colonial period—the Grand Union flag and a flag 

of the Revolutionary period of 1777. In the lunette to the south 

is a portrait of General Joseph Warren, a physician who, at the 

age of 34, was killed at Bunker Hill. On either side of the portrait 

are the Bunker Hill flag of 1775–1777 and the Pine Tree flag of 

the same period. On the west side of the room, the lunette contains a portrait of General ‘‘Mad’’ Anthony Wayne, hero of the 

victory at Stony Point. His portrait is flanked by the Massachusetts flag of the period between 1775 and 1777 and the Rattle 

Snake flag of the same period, with the famous inscribed warning: 

‘‘Don’t tread on me.’’ The north lunette contains a portrait of 

General Horatio Gates. On the right is the Liberty flag of 1775– 

1777, and on the left an American flag of 1818. 

Four less elaborately decorated rooms complete the Committee’s 

suite. These include S–125, used for more than 40 years by the 

Committee on the Judiciary before being transferred to Appropriations in 1947, and S–126, assigned to Judiciary for 90 years until 

1947. The original murals and frescoes in this latter room have 

disappeared; the present ceiling design was painted in the twentieth century, and the room underwent extensive renovation in 

1992 and 1995. Room S–130, used during several periods by the 

Committee on the Library and from 1933 to 1941 by the majority 

leader, was assigned to Appropriations in 1943, as was Room S– 

131, also previously used by the majority leader. A lunette in the 

corridor over the door to S–131 contains an 1875 fresco by 
224 

Brumidi titled Authority Consults the Written Law, designed for the 

Committee on Revision of the Laws, which occupied the room at 

the time. In September 1996 the Senate designated S–131 as the 

‘‘Mark Hatfield Room,’’ in honor of the former Committee Chairman. 
225 

Staff Directors to the Committee 

Amos Pickard .................. March 9, 1867–November 30, 1872. 

W. C. Thompkins ........... December 1, 1872–March 30, 1873. 

Thomas P. Cleaves ........... December 1, 1873–August 10, 1910. 

Kennedy F. Rea ............... November 1, 1910–April 30, 1911. 

Joseph A. Breckons .......... April 30, 1911–March 15, 1913. 

Kennedy F. Rea ............... March 16, 1913–November 28, 1938. 

Everard H. Smith ............ December 1, 1938–December 30, 

1965. 

Thomas J. Scott ............... January 1, 1966–July 1, 1973. 

James R. Calloway ........... July 1, 1973–December 31, 1979. 

W. Featherstone Reid ...... January 27, 1979–January 2, 1981. 

J. Keith Kennedy ............ January 5, 1981–January 6, 1987. 

Francis J. Sullivan ............ January 6, 1987–January 3, 1989. 

James H. English ............. January 3, 1989–January 4, 1995. 

J. Keith Kennedy ............ January 4, 1995–January 7, 1997. 

Steven J. Cortese .............. January 7, 1997–June 6, 2001. 

Terrence E. Sauvain ......... June 6, 2001–January 15, 2003. 

Steven J. Cortese .............. January 15, 2003–March 10, 2003. 

James W. Morhard .......... March 10, 2003–January 5, 2005. 

J. Keith Kennedy ............ January 5, 2005– 

227 

Standing Rules of the Senate Relating to 

Appropriations 

RULE XVI—APPROPRIATIONS AND 

AMENDMENTS TO GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS 

BILLS 

1. On a point of order made by any Senator, no amendments 

shall be received to any general appropriation bill the effect of 

which will be to increase an appropriation already contained in the 

bill, or to add a new item of appropriation, unless it be made to 

carry out the provisions of some existing law, or treaty stipulation, 

or act or resolution previously passed by the Senate during that 

session; or unless the same be moved by direction of the Committee on Appropriations or of a committee of the Senate having 

legislative jurisdiction of the subject matter, or proposed in pursuance of an estimate submitted in accordance with law. 

2. The Committee on Appropriations shall not report an appropriation bill containing amendments to such bill proposing new 

or general legislation or any restriction on the expenditure of the 

funds appropriated which proposes a limitation not authorized by 

law if such restriction is to take effect or cease to be effective upon 

the happening of a contingency, and if an appropriation bill is reported to the Senate containing amendments to such bill proposing new or general legislation or any such restriction, a point 

of order may be made against the bill, and if the point is sustained, the bill shall be recommitted to the Committee on Appropriations. 

3. All amendments to general appropriation bills moved by direction of a committee having legislative jurisdiction of the subject 

matter proposing to increase an appropriation already contained in 

the bill, or to add new items of appropriation, shall, at least one 

day before they are considered, be referred to the Committee on 

Appropriations, and when actually proposed to the bill no amendment proposing to increase the amount stated in such amendment 

shall be received on a point of order made by any Senator. 

4. On a point of order made by any Senator, no amendment offered by any other Senator which proposes general legislation shall 

be received to any general appropriation bill, nor shall any amendment not germane or relevant to the subject matter contained in 
228 

the bill be received; nor shall any amendment to any item or 

clause of such bill be received which does not directly relate thereto; nor shall any restriction on the expenditure of the funds appropriated which proposes a limitation not authorized by law be received if such restriction is to take effect or cease to be effective 

upon the happening of a contingency; and all questions of relevancy of amendments under this rule, when raised, shall be submitted to the Senate and be decided without debate; and any such 

amendment or restriction to a general appropriation bill may be 

laid on the table without prejudice to the bill. 

5. On a point of order made by any Senator, no amendment, 

the object of which is to provide for a private claim, shall be received to any general appropriation bill, unless it be to carry out 

the provisions of an existing law or a treaty stipulation, which 

shall be cited on the face of the amendment. 

6. When a point of order is made against any restriction on the 

expenditure of funds appropriated in a general appropriation bill 

on the ground that the restriction violates this rule, the rule shall 

be construed strictly and, in case of doubt, in favor of the point 

of order. 

7. Every report on general appropriation bills filed by the Committee on Appropriations shall identify with particularity each recommended amendment which proposes an item of appropriation 

which is not made to carry out the provisions of an existing law, 

a treaty stipulation, or an act or resolution previously passed by 

the Senate during that session. 

8. On a point of order made by any Senator, no general appropriation bill or amendment thereto shall be received or considered 

if it contains a provision reappropriating unexpended balances of 

appropriations; except that this provision shall not apply to appropriations in continuation of appropriations for public works on 

which work has commenced. 
229 

RULE XXV—STANDING COMMITTEES 

1. The following standing committees shall be appointed at the 

commencement of each Congress, and shall continue and have the 

power to act until their successors are appointed, with leave to report by bill or otherwise on matters within their respective jurisdictions: 

* * * * * 

(b) Committee on Appropriations, to which committee shall be 

referred all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, 

and other matters relating to the following subjects: 

1 Appropriation of the revenue for the support of the Government, except as provided in subparagraph (e). 

2. Rescission of appropriations contained in appropriation Acts 

(referred to in section 105 of title 1, United States Code). 

3. The amount of new spending authority described in section 

401(c)(2) (A) and (B) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 

which is to be effective for a fiscal year. 

4. New spending authority described in section 401(c)(2)(C) of 

the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 provided in bills and resolutions referred to the committee under section 401(b)(2) of that 

Act (but subject to the provisions of section 401(b)(3) of that Act). 

231 

Acknowledgments 

The original publication of this history benefitted from the contributions and cooperation of a number of Congressional offices 

and agencies, including the Parliamentarian of the Senate, the Library of Congress, the Office of the Architect of the Capitol, the 

U.S. Senate Historical Office, and the U.S. Senate Library. 

This update and revision of the original publication also received assistance from several Congressional offices, especially the 

U.S. Senate Library, the Congressional Research Service, the General Accounting Office, and the U.S. Senate Historical Office. Special recognition and appreciation are extended to Ms. Wendy 

Wolff, formerly the historical editor of the U.S. Senate Historical 

Office. 

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Congressional Globe 

Congressional Record 

Encyclopedia: 

Bacon, Donald C., Roger H. Davidson, and Morton Keller, eds. 

The Encyclopedia of the United States Congress. New York, 1995. 

1:78–82. 

Silbey, Joel, ed. Encyclopedia of the American Legislative System. New York, 1994. 2:1015–31. 

Books: 

Fenno, Richard. The Power of the Purse. Boston, 1966. 

———. Congressmen in Committees. Boston, 1974. 

Fisher, Louis. Presidential Spending Power. Princeton, NJ, 1975. 

Hayes, George H. The Senate of the United States. New York, 

1960. 

Horn, Stephen. Unused Power: The Work of the Senate Committee 

on Appropriations. Washington, DC, 1970. 

Kiewiet, D. Roderick, and Mathew D. McCubbins. The Logic of 

Delegation. Chicago, 1991. 
232 

Ott, John J., and Attiat F. Ott. Federal Budget Policy. Washington, DC, 1965. 

Penner, Rudolph, and Alan J. Abramson. Broken Purse Strings: 

Congressional Budgeting. Washington, DC, 1988. 

Schick, Allen. Congress and Money. Washington, DC, 1980. 

Smithies, Arthur. The Budgetary Process in the United States. New 

York, 1955. 

Stewart, Charles. Budget Reform Politics. New York, 1989. 

Wildavsky, Aaron. The Politics of the Budgetary Process. Boston,1984. ———. The New Politics of the Budgetary Process. Glenview, IL, 

1988. 

Wolanin, Barbara. Constantino Brumidi: Artist of the Capitol. Washington, DC, 1998. 

ELECTRONIC 

U.S. Congress. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 

1774-present. http://bioguide.congress.gov. 

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