The Annual Energy Review (AER) is the Energy Information Administration's (EIA)

primary report of annual historical energy statistics. For many series, data beginwith the year 1949. Included are data on total energy production, consumption, andtrade; overviews of petroleum, natural gas, coal, electricity, nuclear energy, renewable energy, international energy, as well as financial and environment indicators;and data unit conversion tables.Publication of this report is required under Public Law 95–91 (Department ofEnergy Organization Act), Section 205(c), and is in keeping with responsibilitiesgiven to the EIA under Section 205(a)(2), which states:

“The Administrator shall be responsible for carrying out a central,comprehensive, and unified energy data and information program

which will collect, evaluate, assemble, analyze, and disseminate data

and information....”

The AER is intended for use by Members of Congress, Federal and State agencies,

energy analysts, and the general public. EIA welcomes suggestions from readersregarding data series in the AER and in other EIA publications.

More Current Data and Forecasts: For many of the series shown in the AER,

readers can find more current data in EIA's Monthly Energy Review and forecast

data in EIA's Short-Term Energy Outlook, Annual Energy Outlook, and International Energy Outlook. All are available on the Web at http://www.eia.doe.gov.

Complimentary copies are available to certain groupslibraries; Federal, State, local, and foreign governmand the media. For further information and ansstatistics, contact:

National Energy Information Center, EI–30Energy Information AdministrationForrestal Building, Room 1E-2381000 Independence Avenue, S.W.Washington, DC 20585202–586–88009:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Eastern time, M-FFax: 202–586–0727Email: infoctr@eia.doe.gov

This and other EIA publications may be purchased froing Office:

y Internet U.S. Government Online B

y Phone DC Metro Area: 202-512-1

Toll-Free: 866-512-18007:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m., Easter

y Fax 202-512-2104y Mail Superintendent of Docume

P.O. Box 371954Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954

For additional information see, http://bookstore.gpo.gGPO Stock No: 061-003-0114-6

Electronic Acce

The AER is available on EIA’s Web site in a variety o http://www.eia.doe.gov/aer.

y Full Report and Sections: Portable Documey Report Tables: HTML files and PDF. y Table Data (unrounded): Excel (XLS) files.y Graphs: PDF.

 Annual Energy Review 2005 Ordering Informat

Released for printing: July 27, 2006 Printed with soy ink on recycled paper.
Annual Energy Review 200

July 2006

Energy Information Administration

Office of Energy Markets and End Use

U.S. Department of Energy

Washington, DC 20585

This report was prepared by the Energy Information Administration, the independent statistical andanalytical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. The information contained herein should be

attributed to the Energy Information Administration and should not be construed as advocating or reflecting any policy of the Department of Energy or any other organization.

Contacts

The Annual Energy Review (AER) is prepared by the Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Integ

Domestic Energy Statistics Team, under the direction of Katherine E. Seiferlein, 202-586-5695 (kitty.seiferlein@eia.doe.gov). Questions a

be referred to Ray Boyer, 202-586-1680 (ray.boyer@eia.doe.gov), the National Energy Information Center, 202-586-8800 (infoctr@

subject specialists:

1. Energy Overview....................................... Ray Boyer ray.boyer@eia.doe.gov 

2. Energy Consumption by Sector

Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey................ Robert Adler robert.adler@eia.doe.gov 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey................... Robert Latta robert.latta@eia.doe.gov 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.......... Joelle Michaels joelle.michaels@eia.doe.gov 

3. Financial Indicators

Financial Reporting System............................. Greg Filas greg.filas@eia.doe.gov 

4. Energy Resources

Petroleum and Natural Gas.............................. Robert F. King robert.king@eia.doe.gov 

Coal................................................ Richard F. Bonskowski richard.bonskowski@eia.doe.go

Uranium............................................ Douglas C. Bonnar douglas.bonnar@eia.doe.gov 

5. Petroleum............................................. Michael Conner michael.conner@eia.doe.gov 

Prices.............................................. Elizabeth K. Scott elizabeth.scott@eia.doe.gov 

6. Natural Gas........................................... Joseph Conklin joseph.conklin@eia.doe.gov 7. Coal.................................................. Paulette Young paulette.young@eia.doe.gov 

8. Electricity............................................. Stan Kaplan stan.kaplan@eia.doe.gov 

9. Nuclear Energy........................................ John R. Moens john.moens@eia.doe.gov 

10. Renewable Energy...................................... Louise Guey-Lee louise.guey-lee@eia.doe.gov 

11. International Energy.................................... Michael J. Grillot michael.grillot@eia.doe.gov 

12. Environmental Indicators

Greenhouse Gases..................................... Stephen E. Calopedis stephen.calopedis@eia.doe.gov 

Environmental Equipment.............................. Natalie Ko natalie.ko@eia.doe.gov 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

The Annual Energy Review 2005 (AER) is a statistical history of U.S. energy

activities. Sweeping trends and milestones related to the Nation’s acquisition and use of energy from 1949 through 2005 are revealed through timeseries data and graphs.Snapshots found in this report include:

• In 1949, the Nation was self-sufficient in energy—producing and

consuming 32 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu), importing lessthan 1.5 quadrillion Btu, and exporting less than 1.6 quadrillion Btu.Over the following decades, consumption expanded rapidly, and, formany years, production kept pace. By the early 1960s, however,indigenous supplies were no longer sufficient to meet demand. As

domestically produced energy fell or remained flat in subsequentyears, the Nation turned to imported supplies. By 2005, Americans

consumed just under 100 quadrillion Btu, with only 69 quadrillion fromnative resources and the remainder from other countries.

• From 1980-2005, from 5 to 7 percent of U.S. energy consumption

went into non-fuel use. (Table 1.15)

• Coal was the dominant energy source consumed by the electric

power sector in all years, 1949-2005. In 1949, coal was the leading

energy source used in the residential, commercial, and industrialsectors as well, but natural gas soon surpassed coal in each ofthose sectors. In all years, the transportation sector was overwhelmingly reliant on petroleum. (Figure 2.1b) 

• In 2001, 99 percent of U.S. households had a color television set; 86

percent a microwave oven; 65 percent a ceiling fan; 56 percent a

personal computer; 55 percent central air conditioning; 13 percent a

pump for well water; and 5 percent a waterbed heater. (Table 2.6)

• In 2002, the Nation spent an estimat

percent for petroleum products. (Table 

• The maximum number of rotary rigs t

was 3,970 rigs in 1981; 1,383 rigs ope

• The Nation’s peak crude oil producti

day in 1970; production in 2005 total(Table 5.1)

• Crude oil well productivity peaked at 1

1972; the 2005 rate was 10.1 barrels p

• Natural gas well productivity peaked a

day per well in 1971; the 2005 rate wawell per day. (Table 6.4)

• Coal mining productivity stood at 1.7

1978; the 2005 rate was 6.37 short ton

• From 1960-1971 and again from 19

leading supplier of petroleum to 1999-2005, Canada was the top supp

The data in this report can be accessed on tistration (EIA) Web site at: http://www.eia.dupdates the time series, especially for the mo

data series in the AER, more recent data ma

Energy Review at http://www.eia.doe.gov/merlike to examine future energy scenarios develhistorical data in this report, we recommend http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Preface

Contents

Energy Perspectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sections

1. Energy Overview...........................................................................................2. Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Financial Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Energy Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. Petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6. Natural Gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7. Coal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. Nuclear Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

10. Renewable Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. International Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Environmental Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendices

A. Thermal Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

B. Metric and Other Physical Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. U.S. Census Regions and Divisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

D. Population, U.S. Gross Domestic Product, and Implicit Price Deflator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

E. Estimated Energy Consumption in the United States, 1635-1945. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagrams

1. Energy Flow, 2005..........................................................................................2. Petroleum Flow, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Natural Gas Flow, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Coal Flow, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. Electricity Flow, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
1. Energy Overview

1.1 Energy Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005...............................................................

1.2 Energy Production by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005.....................................................1.3 Energy Consumption by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005...................................................1.4 Energy Trade by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 Energy Consumption, Expenditures, and Emissions Indicators, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 State-Level Energy Consumption, Expenditures, and Prices, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.7 Heating Degree-Days by Month, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 Cooling Degree-Days by Month, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 Heating Degree-Days by Census Division, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.10 Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.11 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency, Fiscal Years 1975-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.12 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Source, Fiscal Years 1975-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.13 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency and Source, Fiscal Years 1995 and 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.14 Fossil Fuel Production on Federally Administered Lands, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.15 Fossil Fuel Consumption for Nonfuel Use, 1980-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2. Energy Consumption by Sector

2.1a Energy Consumption by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1b Residential Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1c Commercial Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.1d Industrial Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.1e Transportation Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.1f Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Manufacturing Consumption of Energy for All Purposes, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.3 Manufacturing Inputs for Heat, Power, and Electricity Generation by End Use, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.4 Household Energy Consumption by Census Region, Selected Years, 1978-2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures by End Use and Energy Source, Selected Years, 1978-2001. . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 Households With Selected Appliances and Types of Main Heating Fuel, Selected Years, 1978-2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 Type of Heating in Occupied Housing Units, Selected Years, 1950-2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 Motor Vehicle Mileage, Fuel Consumption, and Fuel Rates, Selected Years, 1949-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 Commercial Buildings Consumption by Energy Source, Selected Years, 1979-1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption and Expenditure Indicators, Selected Years, 1979-1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11 Commercial Buildings Electricity Consumption by End Use, 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3. Financial Indicators

3.1 Fossil Fuel Production Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.2 Value of Fossil Fuel Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by Source, 1970-2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 1970-2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.5 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by Source, 1970-2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 1970-2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.7 Value of Fossil Fuel Imports, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tables viii Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
3. Financial Indicators—Continued

3.8 Value of Fossil Fuel Exports, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.9 Value of Fossil Fuel Net Imports, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Domestic Production and Refining, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.11 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Net Income, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.12 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Profitability, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.13 U.S. Energy Activities by Foreign-Affiliated Companies, 1978-2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.14 Companies Reporting to the Financial Reporting System, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4. Energy Resources

4.1 Technically Recoverable Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Resource Estimates, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Cumulative Production, Proved Reserves, and Proved Ultimate Recovery, 1977-2004. . . . . . 4.3 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Proved Reserves, Selected Years, 1949-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Rotary Rigs in Operation, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development Wells, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory Wells, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Development Wells, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 Costs of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Wells Drilled, 1960-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Gross Additions to Proved Reserves, and Exploration

 and Development Expenditures, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Expenditures for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploration and Development by Region, 1

4.11 Coal Demonstrated Reserve Base, January 1, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.12 Uranium Exploration and Development Drilling, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.13 Uranium Reserves and Resources, 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5. Petroleum

5.1 Petroleum Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.2 Crude Oil Production and Crude Oil Well Productivity, 1954-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 Petroleum Imports by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 Petroleum Imports by Country of Origin, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 Petroleum Exports by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 Petroleum Exports by Country of Destination, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 Petroleum Net Imports by Country of Origin, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 Refinery Input and Output, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 Refinery Capacity and Utilization, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.10 Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.11 Petroleum Products Supplied by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 5.12 Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5.13a Estimated Petroleum Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5.13b Estimated Petroleum Consumption: Industrial Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.13c Estimated Petroleum Consumption: Transportation Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.13d Petroleum Consumption: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tables 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
5. Petroleum—Continued

5.14a Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.14b Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Industrial Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.14c Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Transportation and Electric Power Sectors, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . 5.15 Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, 1984-2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.16 Petroleum Primary Stocks by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.17 Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 1977-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18 Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.19 Landed Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries, 1973-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.20 Value of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries, 1973-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.21 Crude Oil Refiner Acquisition Costs, 1968-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.22 Refiner Sales Prices and Refiner Margins for Selected Petroleum Products, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.23 All Sellers Sales Prices for Selected Petroleum Products, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.24 Retail Motor Gasoline and On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6. Natural Gas

6.1 Natural Gas Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6.2 Natural Gas Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 Natural Gas Imports, Exports, and Net Imports, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Natural Gas Well Productivity, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 Natural Gas Consumption by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 6.6 Natural Gas Underground Storage, 1954-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6.7 Natural Gas Wellhead, City Gate, and Imports Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6.8 Natural Gas Prices by Sector, 1967-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

7. Coal

7.1 Coal Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

7.2 Coal Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 Coal Consumption by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 Coal Exports by Country of Destination, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 Coal Stocks by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 Coal Mining Productivity, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 Coke Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 Coal Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8. Electricity

8.1 Electricity Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2a Electricity Net Generation: Total (All Sectors), Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2b Electricity Net Generation: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 8.2c Electricity Net Generation: Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8.2d Electricity Net Generation: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3a Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Total (All Sectors), 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3b Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Electric Power Sector, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3c Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tables x Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
8. Electricity—Continued

8.4a Consumption for Electricity Generation by Energy Source: Total (All Sectors), Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . 

8.4b Consumption for Electricity Generation by Energy Source: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . 

 8.4c Consumption for Electricity Generation by Energy Source: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . .  8.5a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Total (All Sectors), Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . 

8.5b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . 

 8.5c Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-2005. . . . . . 

8.5d Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . 8.6a Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants:

 Total (All Sectors), 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 8.6b Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants:

 Electric Power Sector, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 8.6c Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants:

 Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8.7a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output: Total (All Sectors), 1989-20

8.7b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output: Electric Power Sector, 1989

8.7c Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output:

 Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8.8 Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8.9 Electricity End Use, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.10 Average Retail Prices of Electricity, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11a Electric Net Summer Capacity: Total (All Sectors), Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11b Electric Net Summer Capacity: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11c Electric Net Summer Capacity: Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11d Electric Net Summer Capacity: Commercial and Industrial Sectors , 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.12 Electric Noncoincident Peak Load and Capacity Margin, 1986-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.13 Electric Utility Demand-Side Management Programs, 1989-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

9. Nuclear Energy

9.1 Nuclear Generating Units, 1953-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

9.2 Nuclear Power Plant Operations, 1957-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 Uranium Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

10. Renewable Energy

10.1 Renewable Energy Consumption by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

10.2a Estimated Renewable Energy Consumption: Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Sectors, Selected Years, 1949-20010.2b Renewable Energy Consumption: Transportation and Electric Power Sectors, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by Type, Price, and Trade, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by End Use, Market Sector, and Type, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by Type, Trade, and Prices, 1982-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by End Use and Market Sector, 1989-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 Estimated Number of Alternative-Fueled Vehicles in Use and Replacement Fuel Consumption, 1992-2004. . . . . . . . . . 

Tables 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
11. International Energy

11.1 World Primary Energy Production by Source, 1970-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 World Primary Energy Production by Region, 1995-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 World Primary Energy Consumption by Region, 1995-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 World Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves, January 1, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 World Crude Oil Production, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 World Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production, 1973-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 Crude Oil Prices by Selected Type, 1970-2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 Retail Motor Gasoline Prices in Selected Countries, 1990-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 World Crude Oil Refining Capacity, 1970-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.10 World Petroleum Consumption, 1960-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.11 World Dry Natural Gas Production, 1995-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.12 World Dry Natural Gas Consumption, 1980-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.13 World Recoverable Reserves of Coal, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.14 World Coal Production, 1995-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.15 World Coal Consumption, 1980-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.16 World Net Generation of Electricity by Type, 1980, 1990, and 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11.17 World Electrical Installed Capacity by Type, 1980, 1990, and 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11.18 World Nuclear Electricity Net Generation, 1995-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.19 World Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption, 1995-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12. Environmental Indicators

12.1 Emissions of Greenhouse Gases, 1980-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector, 1980-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector by Energy Source, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 12.4 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Consumption of Energy for All Purposes in the Manufacturing Sector, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.5 Methane Emissions, 1980-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 Nitrous Oxide Emissions, 1980-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7a Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output: Total (All Sectors), 1989-200412.7b Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output: Electric Power Sector, 1989-2012.7c Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output: 

 Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.8 Installed Nameplate Capacity of Steam-Electric Generators With Environmental Equipment, 1985-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix A. Thermal Conversion Factors

 A1. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

A2. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Production, Imports, and Exports, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

A3. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A4. Approximate Heat Content of Natural Gas, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A5. Approximate Heat Content of Coal and Coal Coke, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A6. Approximate Heat Rates for Electricity, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tables xii Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Appendix B. Metric and Other Physical Conversion Factors

B1. Metric Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B2. Metric Prefixes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B3. Other Physical Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix D. Population, U.S. Gross Domestic Product, and Implict Price Deflator

D1. Population, U.S. Gross Domestic Product, and Implict Price Deflator, Selected Years, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix E. Estimated Energy Consumption in the United States, 1635-1945

E1. Estimated Energy Consumption in the United States, Selected Years, 1635-1945. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tables 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
1. Energy Overview

1.1 Energy Overview.....................................................................................1.2 Energy Production by Source............................................................................1.3 Energy Consumption by Source..........................................................................

1.4 Energy Trade by Source, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 Energy Consumption and Expenditures Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 State-Level Energy Consumption and Consumption per Person, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 Heating Degree-Days by Month, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 Cooling Degree-Days by Month, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 Heating Degree-Days by Census Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10 Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.12 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Source, Fiscal Years 1975-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.13 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency and Source, Fiscal Years 1995 and 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.14 Fossil Fuel Production on Federally Administered Lands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.15 Fossil Fuel Consumption for Nonfuel Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2. Energy Consumption by Sector

2.1a Energy Consumption by Sector Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.1b Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Manufacturing Consumption of Energy for All Purposes, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Manufacturing Inputs for Heat, Power, and Electricity Generation, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.4 Household Energy Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 Households With Selected Appliances and Types of Main Heating Fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 Type of Heating in Occupied Housing Units, 1950 and 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 Motor Vehicle Mileage, Fuel Consumption, and Fuel Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 Commercial Buildings Consumption by Energy Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption and Expenditure Indicators, Selected Years, 1979-1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11 Commercial Buildings Electricity Consumption by End Use, 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3. Financial Indicators

3.1 Fossil Fuel Production Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.2 Value of Fossil Fuel Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 Value of Fossil Fuel Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.8 Value of Fossil Fuel Exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 Value of Fossil Fuel Net Imports, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Domestic Production and Refining, 1974-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.11 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Net Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Figuresxiv Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
3. Financial Indicators—Continued

3.12 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Profitability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.13 U.S. Energy Activities by Foreign-Affiliated Companies, 1978-2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4. Energy Resources

4.1 Technically Recoverable Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Resource Estimates, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.2 Crude Oil and Natural Gas, Cumulative Production, Proved Reserves, and Proved Ultimate Recovery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Proved Reserves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.4 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Rotary Rigs in Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development Wells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.6 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory Wells, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Development Wells, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 Costs of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Wells Drilled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Gross Additions to Proved Reserves, and Exploration

 and Development Expenditures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Expenditures for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploration and Development by Region. . . 4.11 Coal Demonstrated Reserve Base, January 1, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.12 Uranium Exploration and Development Drilling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.13 Uranium Reserves and Resources, 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5. Petroleum

5.1 Petroleum Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Crude Oil Production and Crude Oil Well Productivity, 1954-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.3 Petroleum Imports by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.4 Petroleum Imports by Country of Origin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.5 Petroleum Exports by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.6 Petroleum Exports by Country of Destination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.7 Petroleum Net Imports by Country of Origin, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 Refinery Input and Output, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 Refinery Capacity and Utilization, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.10 Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.11 Petroleum Products Supplied by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12 Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.13a Estimated Petroleum Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.13b Estimated Petroleum Consumption by Product by Sector, 1949-2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.14 Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption by Product by Sector, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.15 Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, 1984-2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.16 Petroleum Primary Stocks by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.17 Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 1977-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18 Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.19 Landed Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.20 Value of Crude Oil Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.21 Crude Oil Refiner Acquisition Costs, 1968-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Figures 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
5. Petroleum —Continued

5.22 Refiner Sales Prices for Selected Petroleum Products, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

5.23 All Sellers Sales Prices for Selected Petroleum Products, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.24 Retail Motor Gasoline and On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6. Natural Gas

6.1 Natural Gas Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 Natural Gas Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6.3 Natural Gas Imports, Exports, and Net Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Natural Gas Well Productivity, 1960-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6.5 Natural Gas Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 Natural Gas Underground Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 Natural Gas Wellhead, City Gate, and Imports Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 Natural Gas Prices by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

7. Coal

7.1 Coal Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 Coal Production, 1949-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

7.3 Coal Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 Coal Exports by Country of Destination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 Coal Stocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 Coal Mining Productivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

7.7 Coke Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 7.8 Coal Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 8. Electricity

8.1 Electricity Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8.2a Electricity Net Generation, Total (All Sectors). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8.2b Electricity Net Generation by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 Consumption for Electricity Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation by Sector, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants by Sector, 198.7 Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output, 1989-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 Electricity End Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.10 Average Retail Prices of Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11a Electric Net Summer Capacity, Total (All Sectors). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11b Electric Net Summer Capacity by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.12 Electric Noncoincident Peak Load and Capacity Margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.13 Electric Utility Demand-Side Management Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Figures xvi Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
9. Nuclear Energy

9.1 Nuclear Generating Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 Nuclear Power Plant Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

9.3 Uranium Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

10. Renewable Energy

10.1 Renewable Energy Consumption by Major Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2a Renewable Energy Consumption: End-Use Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2b Renewable Energy Consumption: Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by Type, Price, and Trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by End Use, Market Sector, and Type, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments, Trade, and Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by End Use and Market Sector, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 Estimated Number of Alternative-Fueled Vehicles in Use and Alternative Fuel Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11. International Energy

11.1 World Primary Energy Production by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11.2 World Primary Energy Production by Region and Country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 World Primary Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 World Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves, January 1, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 World Crude Oil Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 World Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 Crude Oil Prices by Selected Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 Retail Motor Gasoline Prices in Selected Countries, 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 World Crude Oil Refining Capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.10 World Petroleum Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.11 World Dry Natural Gas Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.12 World Dry Natural Gas Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.13 World Recoverable Reserves of Coal, 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.14 World Coal Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.15 World Coal Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11.16 World Net Generation of Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11.17 World Electrical Installed Capacity by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.18 World Nuclear Electricity Net Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.19 World Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12. Environmental Indicators

12.1 Emissions of Greenhouse Gases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.3 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector by Energy Source, 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.4 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Consumption of Energy for All Purposes in the Manufacturing Sector, 2002. . . . . . . . . . 12.5 Methane Emissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Figures 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
12. Environmental Indicators—Continued

12.6 Nitrous Oxide Emissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.7 Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.8 Installed Nameplate Capacity of Steam-Electric Generators With Environmental Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix C. U.S. Census Regions and Divisions

 C1. U.S. Census Regions and Divisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Figures xviii Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Energy Information Administra

18.97 in 1970

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

20406080

100120

Quadrillion Btu

The United States was self-sufficient in energy until the late 1950s whenenergy consumption began to outpace domestic production. At that point,the Nation began to import more energy to fill the gap. In 2005, net imported

energy accounted for 30 percent of all energy consumed.

Figure 1. Energy Overview

Ove

Exports

Production

Imports

Consumption

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

10152025

Thousand Btu per Chained (2000) Dolla Figure 3. Energy Use per Dollar of Gross Domestic Product

After 1970, the amount of energy consumed to produce a dollar’s worth ofthe Nation’s output of goods and services trended down. The declineresulted from efficiency improvements and structural changes in the economy. The level in 2005 was 50 percent below that of 1970.

17.99 in 1970

8.97 in 2005

Figure 3. Energy Use per Real Dollar of Gross Domestic Product

Thousand Btu

Per Chained (2000) Dollars
xx Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Consumption 

1650 1675 1700 1725 1750 1775 1800 

0

1020304050

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 5. Energy Consumption by Source Figure 5. Energy Consumption by Source, 1635-2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2

0

102030405060

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 6. Energy Consumption History and Outlook, 1949-2025 Figure 6. Energy Consumption History and Outlook, 1949-2030

Natural Gas

History

Petroleum

Coal

Hydroelectric Power

Nuclear Electric Power
Energy Information Administra

Consumptio

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

10203040

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 7. Energy Consumption by End-Use

All four major economic sectors of the economy recorded tremendous

growth in their use of energy. The industrial sector used the biggest share of

total energy and showed the greatest volatility; in particular, steep dropsoccurred in the sector in 1975 and 1980-1983 largely in response to high oilprices. Figure 1. Energy Overview Figure 7. Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector

Transportation

Commercial Residential

Coal, once the predominant form of energy in the industrial sector, gave wayto natural gas and petroleum in the late 1950s. Both natural gas and petroleum use expanded rapidly until the early 1970s and then fluctuated widelyover the following decades. Use of electricity and biomass trended upward,but use of electricity grew at a faster rate than biomass.

1 Energy lost during generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0369

12

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 9. Industrial Energy Consumption

Losses1

Figure 9. Industrial Energy Consumption

Petroleum

Electricity

Natural Gas

Industrial

Coal

Biomass
xxii Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Production 

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

10152025

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 11. Energy Production by Major Source

In the period studied, most energy produced in the United States came fromfossil fuels—coal, natural gas, and crude oil. Coal, the leading source at themiddle of the 20th century, was surpassed by crude oil and then by natural gas.By the mid-1980s, coal again became the leading energy source produced in theUnited States, and crude oil declined sharply. In the 1970s, electricity producedfrom nuclear fuel began to make a significant contribution and expanded rapidlyin the following decades.

Natural Gas

Figure 11. Energy Production by Major Source

Crude Oil

Coal

Nuclear Electric

Power

Biomass

NGPL1

Hydroelectric

Power

1 Natural gas plant liquids.
Energy Information Administra

Petroleum Overview an

1 Petroleum products supplied used as an approximation for consumption.2 Crude oil and natural gas plant liquids production.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

10152025

Million Barrels per Day

Figure 14. Petroleum Overview

When U.S. petroleum production peaked at 11.3 million barrels per day in1970, net imports stood at 3.2 million barrels per day. By 1996, net importsexceeded production. In 2005, production was 6.8 million barrels per day,and net imports were 12.4 million barrels per day.Figure 14. Petroleum Overview

Net Imports

Production 2

Consumption1

The amount of crude oil produced per day per well rose sharply in the 1960sand reached a peak of 18.6 barrels per day per well in 1972. After that,productivity generally declined. The 2005 rate of 10.1 barrels per day perwell was 46 percent below the peak and was the lowest level since theEnergy Information Administration began reporting oil well productivity.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

101520

Barrels per Day per Well

Figure 16. Crude Oil Well Productivity Figure 16. Crude Oil Well Productivity

10.1

 in 2005

Peak: 18.6

in 1972
xxiv Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives

Petroleum Consum

1 Petroleum products supplied is used as an approximation for consumption.2 Through 1988, electric utilities only; after 1988, includes independent power producers.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

1015

Million Barrels per Day

Figure 18. Petroleum Consumption by Sector

Transportation was the largest consuming sector of petroleum and the oneshowing the greatest expansion over the second half of the 20th century. In2005, 14 million barrels per day of petroleum products were consumed fortransportation purposes, accounting for 67 percent of all petroleum used.Figure 18. Petroleum Consumption1 by Sector

Residential and Commercial

Industrial

Electric Power2

Transportation

Unadjusted for inflation (nominal dollars), the refiner acquisition composite(domestic and foreign) cost of crude oil reached $35.24 per barrel in 1981.Over the years that followed, the price fell dramatically to a low of $12.52 perbarrel in 1998 before rising again. The preliminary price reported for 2005was $50.23 per barrel, a new peak nominal level and up 36 percent over the2004 price.

1 Composite of domestic and imported crude oil. 2 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by

using gross domestic product implicit price deflator.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

10203040506070

Dollars per Barrel

Figure 20. Crude Oil Refiner Acquisition Cost1 Figure 20. Crude Oil Refiner Acquisition Cost1

Nominal

Real2
Energy Information Administra

Petroleu

U.S. crude oil imports grew rapidly from mid-century until the late 1970s but

fell sharply from 1979 to 1985 due to conservation efforts and improved efficiency. After 1985, the upward trend resumed and stood at 10.1 millionbarrels per day in 2005. Petroleum product imports were 3.5 million barrelsper day in 2005. Exports totaled 1.2 million barrels per day in 2005, mainlyin the form of petroleum coke and residual fuel oil.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

12

Million Barrels per Day

Figure 22. Petroleum Trade Figure 22. Petroleum Trade

Crude Oil Imports

Petroleum

Product Imports

Exports

Among OPEC countries, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and Nigeria—nations

from three different continents—were key suppliers of petroleum to the

American market. Each experienced wide fluctuation in the amount of petroleum it sold to the United States over the decades. In 2005, 0.5 million

barrels per day of petroleum came into the United States from Iraq.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0.00.51.01.52.0

Million Barrels per Day

Figure 24. Imports From Selected OPEC Countries Figure 24. Imports From Selected OPEC Countries

Saudi Arabia

Nigeria

Venezuela

Iraq
xxvi Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Petroleu

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

200400600800

1,0001,2001,400

Million Barrels

Through 1983, the Nation held most of its petroleum storage in the form ofproducts, which were ready for the market. After that, most petroleum instorage was in the form of crude oil that still needed to be refined into usableend products. At the end of 2005, petroleum stocks totaled 1.7 billionbarrels, 59 percent crude oil and 41 percent products.Figure 26. Stocks of Crude Oil and Products

Products

Crude Oil1

1 Includes crude oil stored in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.

1 Imported by the SPR and imported by others for the SPR.

8

59

24

16

93

60

85

72

43

18

27

19 20

10

0 4 5 4 0 1 0

8 7 5 9

41

23

34

19

1978 1983 1988 1993 1998 2003

0

255075

100

Million Barrels

Figure 28. Crude Oil Imports for SPR1

Most crude oil in the SPR was imported and came in during the early 1980s.In fact, from 1991 through 1997, only 14 million barrels were imported for thereserve, and in 3 of those years, no oil at all was imported for the reserve.SPR imports picked up again beginning in 2002 and brought in 117 millionbarrels from 2002 through 2005.

Figure 28. Crude Oil Imports for the SPR1
Energy Information Administra

Motor V

The composite motor vehicle fuel rate (miles per gallon) rose 42 percent from1973 to 1991 and then varied little over the next 13 years. Mileage gre

w

steadily from 1980 to 1998 and then hovered around 12 thousand miles pervehicle per year through 2004. Fuel consumption (gallons per vehicle) fell 21percent from 1973 to 1991, bounced back 9 percent from 1991 to 1999,dipped down in 2001, and averaged 715 gallons per vehicle in 2004. 

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

255075

100125150175

Index 1973=100

Figure 30. Motor Vehicle Indicators Figure 30. Motor Vehicle Indicators

Fuel Rate

Mileage

Fuel Consumption

From 1966 to 2003, truck miles traveled per year, which greatly exceededthe other vehicle categories, grew by 124 percent. Truck mileage fell by 1percent in 2004 to 27.7 thousand miles per vehicle, while passenger carsaveraged 12.5 thousand miles per vehicle and vans, pickup trucks, andsport utility vehicles averaged 11.0 thousand miles per vehicle.

1 Sport utility vehicle. 2 Motorcycles are included through 1989.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

08

1624

32

Thousand Miles per Vehicle

Figure 32. Motor Vehicle Mileage

Vans, Pickup Trucks,

and SUVs1

Passenger Cars2

Figure 32. Motor Vehicle MileageNote: Motor vehicles include passenger cars, motorcycles, vans, pickup trucks, sport utility vehic

Trucks
xxviii Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Natura

U.S. natural gas production and consumption were nearly in balance through1986. After that, consumption began to outpace production, and imports ofnatural gas rose to meet U.S. requirements for the fuel. In 2005, consumption stood at 22.0 trillion cubic feet (Tcf), production at 18.2 Tcf, and net

imports at 3.5 Tcf.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

-5

05

10152025

-5

Trillion Cubic Feet

Figure 34. Natural Gas Overview Figure 34. Natural Gas Overview

Production

Consumption

Net Imports

Net imports of natural gas as a share of consumption was in the 4-to-6percent range from 1970 through 1987. Then, during a period whenconsumption outpaced production, the share rose from 4.2 percent in 1986

to 16.2 percent in 2001. The share fell in 2002 and 2003 and then roseagain in 2004 and 2005.

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

05

101520

Percent

Figure 36. Net Imports as Share of Consumption

4.2% in 1986

15.9% in 2005

Figure 36. Net Imports as Share of Consumption
Energy Information Administra

Co

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0.00.30.60.9

1.2

Billion Short Tons

Figure 38. Coal Overview

Historically, U.S. production of coal nearly always surpassed U.S. consumption of coal. In 2004 and 2005, however, production and consumption werein balance—1.11 billion short tons produced and consumed in 2004 and 1.13billion short tons produced and consumed in 2005. Exports, which peaked at113 million short tons in 1981, stood at 50 million short tons in 2005.Figure 38. Coal Overview

Production

Consumption

Exports

1950 1960 197

0

200400600800

Million Short Tons

Figure 41. Productio

In 1949, one-fourth of Umines; by 1971, more than and in 2005, two-thirds cam

Improved mining technology and the shift toward moresurface-mined coal promoted dramatic improvement inproductivity from the Nation’s mines from 1978 through2000, but declining productivity occurred in four of thefive most recent years.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

Short Tons per Miner Hour

Figure 40. Coal Mining Productivity

1.77 in 1978

6.37

in 2005

Figure 40. Coal Mining Productivity Figure 41. Production 
xxx Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Electricity Net Generation a

Total electric power net generation grew from 0.3 trillion kilowatthours in1949 to 4.0 trillion kilowatthours in 2005, failing to increase in only 2 years(1982 and 2001) over the entire span. Most generation was in the electricpower sector, but some occurred directly in the commercial and industrialsectors.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0.01.53.04.5

Trillion KilowatthoursTotal (All Sectors) Electric Power

Figure 43. Electricity Net Generation by Sector

Commercial

and Industrial

Electric Power

Sector

Most generating facilities exist to produce only electricity, but some functionas combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants that produce both electricity andheat from a single heat source. Rather than being wasted, the heat from a

CHP plant is used for processes and applications other than electrical

generation. 

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

1

2

34

Trillion Kilowatthours

Figure 45. Net Generation at Combined-Heat-and

Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants

Electricity-Only Plants

Figure 45. Electric Power Sector by Plant Type
Energy Information Administra

Electricity Sales, 

Over the decades, industrial consumers paid the lowest rates for electricity;residential customers usually paid the highest prices. In 2005, all sectorspaid lower rates than they had in 1960, when adjusted for inflation.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1

2

3456789

10

11

12

1314

Chained (2000) Cents per Kilowatthour

Figure 47. Average Real1 Retail Prices of Electricity by Sector

Transportation

Other

Commercial

Residential

Industrial

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using domestic product implicit price

deflators.
xxxii Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Nuclear Elec

The U.S. nuclear industry’s first commercial plantopened in Shippingport, Pennsylvania, in 1957.Nuclear capacity expanded sharply in the 1970s and1980s. Total net capacity stood at 100 million kilowatts in 2005.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

306090

120

Million Kilowatts

Over the latter part of the laspower began to play a key rorapidly growing electricity repercent of U.S. total electrifrom nuclear electric power.

1960 1970 19

05

10152025

Percent

Figure 51. Nuclear Sh

100

in 

2005

Figure 50. Nuclear Net Summer Capacity Figure 51. Nuclear SharA total of 259 nuclear electric power units were ordered since the industry got its

start in the United States in the 1950s. The last new orders were placed in 1978.Of the 259 orders, 177 advanced to the issuance of construction permits and, of

those, 132 eventually gained full-power operating licenses.

1953 1963 1973 1983 1993 2003

0

1020304050

Number

Nuclear Units Ordering

Figure 53. Nuclear Units Ordered
Energy Information Administra

Renewab

Note: Wood includes wood, black liquor, and other wood waste.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

Quadrillion Btu

Total renewable energy consumption generally followed the pattern ofhydroelectric power output, which was the largest component of the totalfor most of the years shown. In 2005, for example, hydroelectric poweraccounted for 45 percent of the total. Wood was the next largest source ofrenewable energy, followed by waste, geothermal, alcohol fuels, wind, andsolar.Figure 55. Renewable Energy Total Consumption and Major Sources

Total

Waste

Wood

Conventional

Hydroelectric Power

In recent decades, the industrial sector was the largest consuming sector ofwood as an energy source. Residential use of wood recovered sharply from1974 through 1985 but then resumed its general downward trend.

1 Through 1988, electric utilities only; after 1988, includes independent power

producers.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0.00.51.01.52.0

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 56. Renewable Energy Consumption by Sector Figure 57. Wood Consumption by Major Sectors

Electric Power1

Residential

Industrial
xxxiv Energy Information Administratio

Energy Perspectives Internation

From 1970 to 2004, world primary energy production grew by 106 percent,reaching 443 quadrillion Btu in 2004. Growth occurred in all types of energy.In 2004, fossil fuels accounted for 86 percent of all energy produced worldwide, renewable energy 8 percent, and nuclear electric power 6 percent.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

4590

135180

Quadrillion Btu

Figure 58. World Primary Energy Production By Source Figure 59. World Primary Energy Production By Source

Crude Oil

and NGPL1

Coal

Renewable Energy

Natural Gas

Nuclear Electric Power

1 Natural gas plant liquids.

1 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

20406080

Million Barrels per Day

Figure 60. World Crude Oil Production

World crude oil production totaled 74 million barrelsper day in 2005, up 2 percent over the previous year.OPEC’s share of the world total in 2005 was 42percent, compared to the peak level of 55 percent in1973.

From 1974 through 1991, thworld’s leading crude oil prArabia became the top prodwas the second largest ppeaked in 1970 but still rank

1960 1970 198

0

2

468

10

12

14

Million Barrels per Day

Figure 61. Leading C

Figure 61. World Crude Oil Production Figure 62. Leading Cru

World

OPEC1

United

States 

For
Energy Information Administra

Emis

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

10

Million Metric Tons

The combustion of fossil fuels—coal, petroleum, and natural gas—to releasetheir energy creates carbon dioxide emissions, the most significant greenhouse gas. Total carbon dioxide emissions reached 6 billion metric tons ofgas in 2004, 19 percent higher than the 1990 level.

Carbon Dioxide

Figure 64. Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Based on Global

Warming Potential

Billion Metric Tons Carbon 

Dioxide EquivalentTotal Other1

1 Methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs),

and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).

While real gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 51 percent from 1990 to2004, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions grew by 18 percent. From2003 to 2004, GDP rose 4 percent, and energy-related carbon dioxide emissions rose 2 percent.

1 Based on chained (2000) dollars.

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

255075

100125150175

Index 1990=100

Figure 65. GDP Growth and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Figure 66. GDP Growth and Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Inflation-Adjusted Gross Domestic Product1 Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions
1. Table 1.1.

2. Table 1.5.3. Table 1.5.4. Table 1.3.5. Tables 1.3, 10.1, and E1.6. Historical data: Table 1.3. Projections: Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2006 (February 2006), Figure 3.

7. Table 2.1a.8. Tables 2.1b and 2.1c.9. Table 2.1d.

10. Tables 2.1e and 5.14c.11. Table 1.2.12. Tables 5.1, 6.1, and 7.1.13. Table 1.4.14. Table 5.1.15. Table 5.2.16. Table 5.2.17. Table 4.4.18. Tables 5.13a, 5.13b, 5.13c, and 5.13d.19. Table 5.11.20. Table 5.21.21. Table 5.24.22. Tables 5.3 and 5.5.23. Table 5.4.24. Table 5.4.25. Table 5.4.26. Table 5.16.27. Table 5.16.28. Table 5.17.29. Table 5.17.30. Table 2.8.31. Table 2.8.32. Table 2.8.33. Table 2.8.34. Table 6.1.

xxxvi Energy Information Administratio

Figure S

Data for “Energy Perspectives” figures and text are derived from the following A

Energy Perspectives
Energy Overview

1

The continental United States at night from orbit. Source: National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administratisatellite imagery; mosaic provided by U.S. Geological Survey.

Diagram 1. Energy Flow, 2005

(Quadrillion Btu)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Consumption

99.89

Supply k104.54

Exports

4.64

Petroleum

2.46

Other

2.18

g Coal 23.05

Natural Gas

18.76

Crude Oil 10.84 a

NGPL 2.32 b

Nuclear Electric Power 8.13

Renewable Energy 6.06 c

Petroleum 28.87

d

Other

5.39

e

FossilFuels

85.96

j

Renewable Energyc 6.06

Nuclear Electric Power 8.13

Domestic

Production

69.17

T

Coal

22.83

Natural Gas

22.64

h

Petroleum

40.44

i

Imports

34.26

Fossil

Fuels

54.97

Adjustments

1.11

f

a Includes lease condensate.b Natural gas plant liquids.C Conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, ethanol blended into motor gasoline,

geothermal, solar, and wind.

d Crude oil and petroleum products. Includes imports into the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.e Natural gas, coal, coal coke, and electricity.f Stock changes, losses, gains, miscellaneous blending components, and unaccounted-for

supply.

g Coal, natural gas, coal coke, and electricity.h Includes supplemental gaseous fuels.

i Petroleum products, including natural gas plant liquids.j Includes 0.04 quadrillion Btu of coal coke net imports.k Includes, in quadrillion Btu, 0.34 ethanol blended into 

in both fossil fuels and renewable energy but counted onelectricity net imports.

l Primary consumption, electricity retail sales, and elect

allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each ssales. See Note, “Electrical Systems Energy Losses,” at e

Notes: • Data are preliminary. • Values are derived 

publication. • Totals may not equal sum of components d

Sources: Tables 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, and 2.1a.
Figure 1.1 Energy Overview 

Overview, 1949-2005 Production and Consumption, 2005Overview, 2005 Energy Flow, 2005

(Quadrillion Btu)

4 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Consumption

Production

Imports

69

Production 

0

306090

120

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

306090

120

Quadrillion Btu

69

34

5

100

Production Imports Exports Consumption

0

306090

120

Quadrillion Btu

Fossil

Fuels

Nuclear

Renewable

Exports

1 Stock changes, losses, gains, miscellaneous blending components, and unaccounted-for

supply.

Source: Table 1.1.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.1 Energy Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Year

Production Trade

Adjustments 7

Fossil

 Fuels 2

Nuclear

Electric

Power 

Renewable

Energy 3 Total

 Imports Exports Net Imports 1

Fossil

Fuels 8,9

Petroleum 4 Total 5 Coal Total 6 Total 

1949 28.75 0.00 2.97 31.72 1.43 1.45 0.88 1.59 -0.14 0.40 29.00 1950 32.56 0.00 2.98 35.54 1.89 1.91 0.79 1.47 0.45 -1.37 31.63 1955 37.36 0.00 2.78 40.15 2.75 2.79 1.46 2.29 0.50 -0.44 37.41 1960 39.87 0.01 2.93 42.80 4.00 4.19 1.02 1.48 2.71 -0.43 42.14 1965 47.23 0.04 3.40 50.68 5.40 5.89 1.38 1.83 4.06 -0.72 50.58 1970 59.19 0.24 4.08 63.50 7.47 8.34 1.94 2.63 5.71 -1.37 63.52 1971 58.04 0.41 4.27 62.72 8.54 9.53 1.55 2.15 7.38 -0.82 64.60 1972 58.94 0.58 4.40 63.92 10.30 11.39 1.53 2.12 9.27 -0.48 67.70 1973 58.24 0.91 4.43 63.58 13.47 14.61 1.43 2.03 12.58 -0.46 70.32 1974 56.33 1.27 4.77 62.37 13.13 14.30 1.62 2.20 12.10 -0.48 67.91 1975 54.73 1.90 4.72 61.36 12.95 14.03 1.76 2.32 11.71 -1.07 65.35 1976 54.72 2.11 4.77 61.60 15.67 16.76 1.60 2.17 14.59 -0.18 69.10 1977 55.10 2.70 4.25 62.05 18.76 19.95 1.44 2.05 17.90 -1.95 70.99 1978 55.07 3.02 5.04 63.14 17.82 19.11 1.08 1.92 17.19 -0.34 71.86 1979 58.01 2.78 5.17 65.95 17.93 19.46 1.75 2.86 16.60 -1.65 72.89 1980 59.01 2.74 5.49 R67.23 14.66 15.80 2.42 3.69 12.10 -1.05 69.98 1981 58.53 3.01 5.47 67.01 12.64 13.72 2.94 4.31 9.41 -0.08 67.75 1982 57.46 3.13 R6.02 R66.61 10.78 11.86 2.79 4.61 7.25 -0.57 64.04 1983 54.42 3.20 R6.53 R64.15 10.65 11.75 2.04 3.69 8.06 0.94 63.29 1984 58.85 3.55 R6.49 R68.89 11.43 12.47 2.15 3.79 8.68 -0.78 66.62 1985 57.54 4.08 R6.14 R67.76 10.61 11.78 2.44 4.20 7.58 1.24 66.22 1986 56.58 4.38 R6.18 R67.13 13.20 14.15 2.25 4.02 10.13 -0.44 66.15 1987 57.17 4.75 R5.68 67.61 14.16 15.40 2.09 3.81 11.59 0.03 68.63 1988 57.87 5.59 R5.51 R68.98 15.75 17.30 2.50 4.37 12.93 0.96 71.66 1989 57.47 5.60 R6.34 R69.41 17.16 18.77 2.64 4.66 14.11 1.49 73.02 1990 58.53 6.10 R6.16 R70.79 17.12 18.82 2.77 4.75 14.06 -0.13 72.46 1991 57.83 6.42 R6.18 R70.43 16.35 18.33 2.85 5.14 13.19 1.04 72.00 1992 57.59 6.48 R5.93 R70.00 16.97 19.37 2.68 4.94 14.44 1.58 73.52 1993 55.74 6.41 R6.19 R68.33 18.51 21.27 1.96 4.26 17.01 2.30 975.05 1994 57.95 6.69 R6.07 R70.72 19.24 22.39 1.88 4.06 18.33 0.24 76.48 1995 57.44 7.08 R6.62 R71.13 18.88 22.26 2.32 4.51 17.75 2.32 77.49 1996 58.28 7.09 R7.11 R72.47 20.29 23.70 2.37 4.63 19.07 2.68 79.98 1997 58.76 6.60 R7.11 R72.46 21.74 25.22 2.19 4.51 20.70 1.64 81.09 1998 59.20 7.07 R6.57 R72.84 22.91 26.58 2.09 4.30 22.28 0.08 81.59 1999 57.51 7.61 6.60 71.71 23.13 27.25 1.53 3.71 23.54 1.58 82.65 2000 57.25 7.86 R6.17 R71.29 24.53 28.97 1.53 4.01 24.97 2.72 84.96 2001 58.52 8.03 R5.35 R71.91 25.40 30.16 1.27 3.77 26.39 -1.80 83.18 2002 56.78 8.14 R5.93 R70.86 24.68 29.41 1.03 R3.67 25.74 1.37 83.99 2003 R56.03 7.96 R6.14 R70.14 26.22 R31.06 1.12 R4.05 R27.01 R1.13 R84.39 2004 R55.95 R8.22 R6.22 R70.39 R28.21 R33.54 1.25 4.43 R29.11 R0.92 R86.23 2005P 54.97 8.13 6.06 69.17 28.87 34.26 1.27 4.64 29.62 1.11 85.96 

1 Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater than imports. 2 Coal, natural gas (dry), crude oil, and natural gas plant liquids. 3 Electricity net generation from conventional hydroelectric power, geothermal, solar, and wind;

consumption of wood, waste, and alcohol fuels; geothermal heat pump and direct use energy; and solarthermal direct use energy. 4 Crude oil and petroleum products. Includes imports into the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. 5 Also includes natural gas, coal, coal coke, and electricity. 6 Also includes natural gas, petroleum, coal coke, and electricity. 7 A balancing item. Includes stock changes, losses, gains, miscellaneous blending components, and

unaccounted-for supply. 8 Coal, coal coke net imports, natural gas, and petroleum. 9 Beginning in 1993, ethanol blended into motor gasoline i

"Fossil Fuels" and "Renewable Energy," but is counted only once 

10 Also includes electricity net imports.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4.
Figure 1.2 Energy Production by Source

By Fossil Fuels, Nuclear Electric Power, and By Major Source, 1949-2005Renewable Energy, 1949-2005By Source, 20056 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

255075

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 1970 1980 

05

10152025

Quadrillion Btu

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear Electric Power

Renewable Energy

Biomass2

23

19

11

8

3 3 2

1

Coal Natural Crude Oil1 Nuclear Biomass2 Hydro- NGPL Geothermal,

05

10152025

Quadrillion Btu

Hydroelectric Power3

1 Includes lease condensate.2 Wood, waste, and alcohol fuels (ethanol blended into motor gasoline).3 Conventional hydroelectric power.

4 Natural gas plant liquids.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 1.2. 

Gas electric Solar, Wind

Power3

Electric

Power 

4
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.2 Energy Production by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power 

Renewable Energy 1

Coal 

Natural

Gas

(Dry)

Crude

Oil 2 NGPL 3 Total

Hydroelectric

Power 4 Biomass 5 Geothermal Solar W

1949 11.974 5.377 10.683 0.714 28.748 0.000 1.425 1.549 NA NA 1950 14.060 6.233 11.447 0.823 32.563 0.000 1.415 1.562 NA NA 1955 12.370 9.345 14.410 1.240 37.364 0.000 1.360 1.424 NA NA 1960 10.817 12.656 14.935 1.461 39.869 0.006 1.608 1.320 0.001 NA 1965 13.055 15.775 16.521 1.883 47.235 0.043 2.059 1.335 0.004 NA 1970 14.607 21.666 20.401 2.512 59.186 0.239 2.634 1.431 0.011 NA 1971 13.186 22.280 20.033 2.544 58.042 0.413 2.824 1.432 0.012 NA 1972 14.092 22.208 20.041 2.598 58.938 0.584 2.864 1.503 0.031 NA 1973 13.992 22.187 19.493 2.569 58.241 0.910 2.861 1.529 0.043 NA 1974 14.074 21.210 18.575 2.471 56.331 1.272 3.177 1.540 0.053 NA 1975 14.989 19.640 17.729 2.374 54.733 1.900 3.155 1.499 0.070 NA 1976 15.654 19.480 17.262 2.327 54.723 2.111 2.976 1.713 0.078 NA 1977 15.755 19.565 17.454 2.327 55.101 2.702 2.333 1.838 0.077 NA 1978 14.910 19.485 18.434 2.245 55.074 3.024 2.937 2.038 0.064 NA 1979 17.540 20.076 18.104 2.286 58.006 2.776 2.931 2.152 0.084 NA 1980 18.598 19.908 18.249 2.254 59.008 2.739 2.900 R2.476 0.110 NA 1981 18.377 19.699 18.146 2.307 58.529 3.008 2.758 R2.591 0.123 NA 1982 18.639 18.319 18.309 2.191 57.458 3.131 3.266 R2.648 0.105 NA 1983 17.247 16.593 18.392 2.184 54.416 3.203 3.527 R2.876 0.129 NA 1984 19.719 18.008 18.848 2.274 58.849 3.553 3.386 R2.937 0.165 (s) 1985 19.325 16.980 18.992 2.241 57.539 4.076 2.970 R2.975 0.198 (s) 1986 19.509 16.541 18.376 2.149 56.575 4.380 3.071 R2.885 0.219 (s) 1987 20.141 17.136 17.675 2.215 57.167 4.754 2.635 R2.821 0.229 (s) 1988 20.738 17.599 17.279 2.260 57.875 5.587 2.334 R2.962 0.217 (s) 1989 21.346 17.847 16.117 2.158 57.468 5.602 2.837 R3.105 0.317 0.055 01990 22.456 18.326 15.571 2.175 58.529 6.104 3.046 R2.687 0.336 0.060 01991 21.594 18.229 15.701 2.306 57.829 6.422 3.016 R2.727 0.346 0.063 01992 21.629 18.375 15.223 2.363 57.590 6.479 2.617 R2.870 0.349 0.064 01993 20.249 18.584 14.494 2.408 55.736 6.410 2.892 R2.836 0.364 0.066 01994 22.111 19.348 14.103 2.391 57.952 6.694 2.683 R2.948 0.338 0.069 01995 22.029 19.082 13.887 2.442 57.440 7.075 3.205 R3.018 0.294 0.070 01996 22.684 19.344 13.723 2.530 58.281 7.087 3.590 R3.098 0.316 0.071 01997 23.211 19.394 13.658 2.495 58.758 6.597 3.640 R3.037 0.325 0.070 01998 23.935 19.613 13.235 2.420 59.204 7.068 3.297 R2.843 0.328 0.070 01999 23.186 19.341 12.451 2.528 57.505 7.610 3.268 R2.886 0.331 0.069 02000 22.623 19.662 12.358 2.611 57.254 7.862 2.811 R2.922 0.317 0.066 02001 23.490 20.205 12.282 2.547 58.523 8.033 2.242 R2.666 0.311 0.065 02002 22.622 19.439 12.163 2.559 56.783 8.143 2.689 R2.746 0.328 0.064 02003 21.970 R19.691 12.026 2.346 R56.033 7.959 2.825 R2.812 R0.331 0.064 02004 R22.714 R19.264 R11.503 R2.466 R55.946 R8.222 R2.690 R2.982 R0.341 R0.065 R02005P 23.046 18.761 10.840 2.323 54.971 8.133 2.715 2.781 0.352 0.064 0

1 Electricity net generation from conventional hydroelectric power, geothermal, solar, and wind;

consumption of wood, waste, and alcohol fuels; geothermal heat pump and direct use energy; and solarthermal direct use energy. 2 Includes lease condensate. 3 Natural gas plant liquids. 4 Conventional hydroelectric power.

5 Wood, waste, and alcohol fuels (ethanol blended into motor 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.2a, 10.1, A2, A4, A5, and A6
Figure 1.3 Energy Consumption by Source

Production and Consumption, 1949-2005 By Major Source, 1949-2005By Source, 20058 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Conventional hydroelectric power.2 Wood, waste, and alcohol fuels (ethanol blended into motor gasoline).

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 1.2 and 1.3.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

20406080

100120

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

153045

Quadrillion Btu

Consumption

Production

40

23 23

8

3 3

1

Petroleum Coal Natural Nuclear Biomass2 Hydro- Geothermal,

0

153045

Quadrillion Btu

Natural G

Hydroelectric Power1

Coal

Petroleum

Bioma

Gas electric Solar,Wind

Power1

Electric

Power 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.3 Energy Consumption by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Renewable Energy 1

Coal 

Coal Coke

Net

Imports 2

Natural

Gas 3 Petroleum 4,5 Total

Hydroelectric

Power 6 Biomass 5,7 Geothermal Solar Wind 

1949 11.981 -0.007 5.145 11.883 29.002 0.000 1.425 1.549 NA NA NA 1950 12.347 0.001 5.968 13.315 31.632 0.000 1.415 1.562 NA NA NA 1955 11.167 -0.010 8.998 17.255 37.410 0.000 1.360 1.424 NA NA NA 1960 9.838 -0.006 12.385 19.919 42.137 0.006 1.608 1.320 0.001 NA NA 1965 11.581 -0.018 15.769 23.246 50.577 0.043 2.059 1.335 0.004 NA NA 1970 12.265 -0.058 21.795 29.521 63.522 0.239 2.634 1.431 0.011 NA NA 1971 11.598 -0.033 22.469 30.561 64.596 0.413 2.824 1.432 0.012 NA NA 1972 12.077 -0.026 22.698 32.947 67.696 0.584 2.864 1.503 0.031 NA NA 1973 12.971 -0.007 22.512 34.840 70.316 0.910 2.861 1.529 0.043 NA NA 1974 12.663 0.056 21.732 33.455 67.906 1.272 3.177 1.540 0.053 NA NA 1975 12.663 0.014 19.948 32.731 65.355 1.900 3.155 1.499 0.070 NA NA 1976 13.584 (s) 20.345 35.175 69.104 2.111 2.976 1.713 0.078 NA NA 1977 13.922 0.015 19.931 37.122 70.989 2.702 2.333 1.838 0.077 NA NA 1978 13.766 0.125 20.000 37.965 71.856 3.024 2.937 2.038 0.064 NA NA 1979 15.040 0.063 20.666 37.123 72.892 2.776 2.931 2.152 0.084 NA NA 1980 15.423 -0.035 20.394 34.202 69.984 2.739 2.900 R2.476 0.110 NA NA 1981 15.908 -0.016 19.928 31.931 67.750 3.008 2.758 R2.591 0.123 NA NA 1982 15.322 -0.022 18.505 30.232 64.037 3.131 3.266 R2.648 0.105 NA NA 1983 15.894 -0.016 17.357 30.054 63.290 3.203 3.527 R2.876 0.129 NA (s) 1984 17.071 -0.011 18.507 31.051 66.617 3.553 3.386 R2.937 0.165 (s) (s) 1985 17.478 -0.013 17.834 30.922 66.221 4.076 2.970 R2.975 0.198 (s) (s) 1986 17.260 -0.017 16.708 32.196 66.148 4.380 3.071 R2.885 0.219 (s) (s) 1987 18.008 0.009 17.744 32.865 68.626 4.754 2.635 R2.821 0.229 (s) (s) 1988 18.846 0.040 18.552 34.222 71.660 5.587 2.334 R2.962 0.217 (s) (s) 1989 19.070 0.030 19.712 34.211 73.023 5.602 2.837 R3.105 0.317 0.055 0.022 1990 19.173 0.005 19.730 33.553 72.460 6.104 3.046 R2.687 0.336 0.060 0.029 1991 18.992 0.010 20.149 32.845 71.996 6.422 3.016 R2.727 0.346 0.063 0.031 1992 19.122 0.035 20.835 33.527 73.519 6.479 2.617 R2.870 0.349 0.064 0.030 1993 19.835 0.027 21.351 533.841 75.055 6.410 2.892 5,R2.836 0.364 0.066 0.031 1994 19.909 0.058 21.842 34.670 76.480 6.694 2.683 R2.948 0.338 0.069 0.036 1995 20.089 0.061 22.784 34.553 77.488 7.075 3.205 R3.018 0.294 0.070 0.033 1996 21.002 0.023 23.197 35.757 79.978 7.087 3.590 R3.098 0.316 0.071 0.033 1997 21.445 0.046 23.329 36.266 81.086 6.597 3.640 R3.037 0.325 0.070 0.034 1998 21.656 0.067 22.936 36.934 81.592 7.068 3.297 R2.843 0.328 0.070 0.031 1999 21.623 0.058 23.010 37.960 82.650 7.610 3.268 R2.886 0.331 0.069 0.046 2000 22.580 0.065 23.916 38.404 84.965 7.862 2.811 R2.922 0.317 0.066 0.057 2001 21.914 0.029 22.906 38.333 83.182 8.033 2.242 R2.666 0.311 0.065 0.070 2002 21.904 0.061 23.628 38.401 83.994 8.143 2.689 R2.746 0.328 0.064 0.105 2003 22.321 0.051 R22.967 39.047 R84.386 7.959 2.825 R2.812 R0.331 0.064 0.115 2004 R22.466 0.138 R23.036 R40.594 R86.233 R8.222 R2.690 R2.982 R0.341 R0.065 R0.142 2005P 22.830 0.044 22.640 40.441 85.955 8.133 2.715 2.781 0.352 0.064 0.149 

1 Electricity net generation from conventional hydroelectric power, geothermal, solar, and wind;

consumption of wood, waste, and alcohol fuels; geothermal heat pump and direct use energy; and solarthermal direct use energy. 2 Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater than imports. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Petroleum products supplied, including natural gas plant liquids and crude oil burned as fuel. Beginning in 1993, also includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline.

5 Beginning in 1993, ethanol blended into motor gasoline is included in both "Petroleum" and "Biomass,"

but is counted only once in total consumption.

6 Conventional hydroelectric power. 7 Wood, waste, and alcohol fuels (ethanol blended into motor 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less 

quadrillion Btu.

Notes: • See Table E1 for estimated energy consumption 

Imports and Exports," at end of Section 8. • Totals may not eqrounding.

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 5.12, 6.1, 7.1, 7.7, 8.1, 8.2a, 10.1, A4, A5, a
Figure 1.4 Energy Trade by Source, 1949-2005

Energy Imports Energy ExportsEnergy Net Imports10 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

10203040

Quadrillion Btu

Pe

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

1

2

3456

Quadrillion Btu Total

Petroleum

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

-5

05

101520253035

-5

Quadrillion Btu

Notes: • Negative net imports are net exports. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should

not be compared.

Source: Table 1.4.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.4 Energy Trade by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Year

Imports Exports 

Coal

Coal

Coke

Natural

Gas

Petroleum

Electricity Total Coal Coal Coke Natural Gas

Petroleum

Crude Oil 2 Petroleum Products Total Crude Oil Petroleum Products Total

1949 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.91 0.51 1.43 0.01 1.45 0.88 0.01 0.02 0.19 0.49 0.68 1950 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.06 0.83 1.89 0.01 1.91 0.79 0.01 0.03 0.20 0.44 0.64 1955 0.01 (s) 0.01 1.69 1.06 2.75 0.02 2.79 1.46 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.71 0.77 1960 0.01 (s) 0.16 2.20 1.80 4.00 0.02 4.19 1.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.41 0.43 1965 (s) (s) 0.47 2.65 2.75 5.40 0.01 5.89 1.38 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.39 0.39 1970 (s) (s) 0.85 2.81 4.66 7.47 0.02 8.34 1.94 0.06 0.07 0.03 0.52 0.55 1971 (s) (s) 0.96 3.57 4.97 8.54 0.02 9.53 1.55 0.04 0.08 (s) 0.47 0.47 1972 (s) (s) 1.05 4.71 5.59 10.30 0.04 11.39 1.53 0.03 0.08 (s) 0.47 0.47 1973 (s) 0.03 1.06 6.89 6.58 13.47 0.06 14.61 1.43 0.03 0.08 (s) 0.48 0.49 1974 0.05 0.09 0.99 7.40 5.73 13.13 0.05 14.30 1.62 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.46 0.46 1975 0.02 0.05 0.98 8.72 4.23 12.95 0.04 14.03 1.76 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.43 0.44 1976 0.03 0.03 0.99 11.24 4.43 15.67 0.04 16.76 1.60 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.45 0.47 1977 0.04 0.05 1.04 14.03 4.73 18.76 0.07 19.95 1.44 0.03 0.06 0.11 0.41 0.51 1978 0.07 0.14 0.99 13.46 4.36 17.82 0.07 19.11 1.08 0.02 0.05 0.33 0.43 0.77 1979 0.05 0.10 1.30 13.83 4.11 17.93 0.08 19.46 1.75 0.04 0.06 0.50 0.51 1.00 1980 0.03 0.02 1.01 11.19 3.46 14.66 0.09 15.80 2.42 0.05 0.05 0.61 0.55 1.16 1981 0.03 0.01 0.92 9.34 3.30 12.64 0.12 13.72 2.94 0.03 0.06 0.48 0.78 1.26 1982 0.02 (s) 0.95 7.42 3.36 10.78 0.11 11.86 2.79 0.02 0.05 0.50 1.23 1.73 1983 0.03 (s) 0.94 7.08 3.57 10.65 0.13 11.75 2.04 0.02 0.06 0.35 1.22 1.57 1984 0.03 0.01 0.85 7.30 4.13 11.43 0.14 12.47 2.15 0.03 0.06 0.38 1.16 1.54 1985 0.05 0.01 0.95 6.81 3.80 10.61 0.16 11.78 2.44 0.03 0.06 0.43 1.23 1.66 1986 0.06 0.01 0.75 9.00 4.20 13.20 0.14 14.15 2.25 0.02 0.06 0.33 1.34 1.67 1987 0.04 0.02 0.99 10.07 4.10 14.16 0.18 15.40 2.09 0.01 0.05 0.32 1.31 1.63 1988 0.05 0.07 1.30 11.03 4.72 15.75 0.13 17.30 2.50 0.03 0.07 0.33 1.41 1.74 1989 0.07 0.06 1.39 12.60 4.57 17.16 0.09 18.77 2.64 0.03 0.11 0.30 1.54 1.84 1990 0.07 0.02 1.55 12.77 4.35 17.12 0.06 18.82 2.77 0.01 0.09 0.23 1.59 1.82 1991 0.08 0.03 1.80 12.55 3.79 16.35 0.07 18.33 2.85 0.02 0.13 0.25 1.88 2.13 1992 0.10 0.05 2.16 13.25 3.71 16.97 0.10 19.37 2.68 0.02 0.22 0.19 1.82 2.01 1993 0.20 0.05 2.40 14.75 3.76 18.51 0.11 21.27 1.96 0.03 0.14 0.21 1.91 2.12 1994 0.22 0.08 2.68 15.34 3.90 19.24 0.16 22.39 1.88 0.02 0.16 0.21 1.78 1.99 1995 0.24 0.09 2.90 15.67 3.21 18.88 0.15 22.26 2.32 0.03 0.16 0.20 1.79 1.99 1996 0.20 0.06 3.00 16.34 3.94 20.29 0.15 23.70 2.37 0.04 0.16 0.23 1.83 2.06 1997 0.19 0.08 3.06 17.88 3.86 21.74 0.15 25.22 2.19 0.03 0.16 0.23 1.87 2.10 1998 0.22 0.10 3.22 18.92 3.99 22.91 0.13 26.58 2.09 0.03 0.16 0.23 1.74 1.97 1999 0.23 0.08 3.66 18.94 4.20 23.13 0.15 27.25 1.53 0.02 0.16 0.25 1.71 1.95 2000 0.31 0.09 3.87 19.78 4.75 24.53 0.17 28.97 1.53 0.03 0.25 0.11 2.05 2.15 2001 0.49 0.06 4.07 20.35 5.05 25.40 0.13 30.16 1.27 0.03 0.38 0.04 2.00 2.04 2002 0.42 0.08 4.10 19.92 4.76 24.68 R0.13 29.41 1.03 0.02 0.52 0.02 2.02 2.04 2003 0.63 0.07 R4.04 21.06 5.16 26.22 0.10 R31.06 1.12 0.02 R0.69 0.03 2.12 2.15 2004 0.68 0.17 R4.37 R22.08 R6.13 R28.21 0.12 R33.54 1.25 0.03 0.86 0.06 2.15 2.21 2005P 0.76 0.09 4.39 21.94 6.93 28.87 0.15 34.26 1.27 0.04 0.79 0.09 2.37 2.46 

1 Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater than imports. 2 Includes imports into the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in 1977.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.005 quadrillion Btu and greater than -0.005 quadrillion Btu. Notes: • Includes trade between the United States (50 States and the District of Columbia) and its

territories and possessions. • See Note 3, "Electricity Imports a

may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.7, 8.1, A2, A4, A5, and A6.
Figure 1.5 Energy Consumption and Expenditures Indicators

Energy Consumption, 1949-2005 Energy Expenditures, 1970-2002 Energy Consumption p

Gross Domestic Produ

Energy Consumption per Person, Energy Expenditures per Person, Energy Expenditures a1949-2005 1970-2002 Gross Domestic Produ12 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

200400600800

Billion Nominal Dollars

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

20406080

100120

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 19

05

10152025

Thousand Btu per Chained (2000) Dollar

Source: Table 1.5.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

100200300400500

Million Btu

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

500

1,0001,5002,0002,5003,000

Nominal Dollars

1970 1975 1980 

05

1015

Percent
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.5 Energy Consumption, Expenditures, and Emissions Indicators, Selected Years, 1949-2

Year

Energy

Consumption

Energy

Consumption

per Person

Energy

Expenditures 1

Energy

Expenditures 1

per Person

Gross

Domestic

Product (GDP)

Energy

Expenditures 1

as Share of GDP

Gross

Domestic

Product (GDP)

Energy

Consumption

per Dollar of GDP

G

pe

Quadrillion

Btu

Million

Btu

Million 

Nominal

Dollars

Nominal

Dollars

Billion

Nominal

Dollars Percent

Billion

Chained

(2000) Dollars

Thousand Btu

per Chained

(2000) Dollar

Me

Di

pe

1949 31.98 215 NA NA 267.3 NA 1,634.6 19.57 1950 34.62 229 NA NA 293.8 NA 1,777.3 19.48 1955 40.21 244 NA NA 414.8 NA 2,212.8 18.17 1960 45.09 251 NA NA 526.4 NA 2,501.8 18.02 1965 54.02 279 NA NA 719.1 NA 3,191.1 16.93 1970 67.84 334 82,911 408 1,038.5 8.0 3,771.9 17.99 1971 69.29 335 90,071 435 1,127.1 8.0 3,898.6 17.77 1972 72.70 347 98,108 469 1,238.3 7.9 4,105.0 17.71 1973 75.71 358 111,928 530 1,382.7 8.1 4,341.5 17.44 1974 73.99 347 153,370 719 1,500.0 10.2 4,319.6 17.13 1975 72.00 334 171,846 798 1,638.3 10.5 4,311.2 16.70 1976 76.01 349 193,897 891 1,825.3 10.6 4,540.9 16.74 1977 78.00 355 220,461 1,003 2,030.9 10.9 4,750.5 16.42 1978 79.99 360 239,230 1,077 2,294.7 10.4 5,015.0 15.95 1979 80.90 360 297,543 1,325 2,563.3 11.6 5,173.4 15.64 1980 R78.28 346 R374,346 R1,652 2,789.5 13.4 5,161.7 15.17 1981 76.34 333 R427,877 R1,865 3,128.4 13.7 5,291.7 14.43 1982 R73.29 316 R426,437 R1,841 3,255.0 13.1 5,189.3 14.12 1983 R73.15 313 R417,419 R1,785 3,536.7 11.8 5,423.8 R13.49 1984 R76.79 R326 R434,982 R1,845 3,933.2 R11.1 5,813.6 R13.21 1985 R76.58 R322 R438,184 R1,842 4,220.3 10.4 6,053.7 R12.65 1986 R76.83 320 R383,409 R1,597 4,462.8 8.6 6,263.6 R12.27 1987 R79.22 327 R396,515 R1,637 4,739.5 8.4 6,475.1 12.24 1988 R82.87 339 R410,426 R1,679 5,103.8 8.0 6,742.7 12.29 1989 R85.00 344 R437,611 R1,773 5,484.4 8.0 6,981.4 R12.18 1990 R84.73 R341 R472,539 R1,899 5,803.1 8.1 7,112.5 11.91 1991 R84.67 335 R470,559 R1,860 5,995.9 7.8 7,100.5 11.92 1992 R86.01 335 R475,587 R1,854 6,337.7 7.5 7,336.6 11.72 1993 R87.65 337 R491,168 1,890 6,657.4 7.4 7,532.7 R11.64 1994 R89.29 339 R504,204 1,916 7,072.2 7.1 7,835.5 R11.40 1995 R91.20 R342 R514,049 R1,930 7,397.7 6.9 8,031.7 R11.35 1996 R94.23 350 R559,954 R2,079 7,816.9 7.2 8,328.9 R11.31 1997 R94.80 348 R566,770 R2,079 8,304.3 6.8 8,703.5 10.89 1998 R95.20 345 R525,737 R1,906 8,747.0 6.0 9,066.9 10.50 1999 96.84 347 R556,538 R1,994 9,268.4 6.0 9,470.3 10.23 2000 R98.98 352 R689,199 R2,449 9,817.0 7.0 9,817.0 10.08 2001 R96.50 338 R694,078 R2,434 10,128.0 R6.9 9,890.7 R9.76 2002 R97.97 340 661,659 2,298 R10,469.6 6.3 R10,048.8 R9.75 2003 R98.27 338 NA NA R10,971.2 NA R10,320.6 R9.52 2004 R100.41 R342 NA NA R11,734.3 NA R10,755.7 R9.34 2005P 99.89 337 NA NA 12,485.7 NA 11,134.6 8.97 

1 Expenditures include taxes where data are available. 2 Greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic sources. See Table 12.1. 3 Carbon dioxide emissions from energy consumption. See Table 12.2

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Note: See "Chained Dollars" in Glossary. 

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Energy Consumption: Table 1.3. Energy Exp

Product: Table D1. Population Data: Table D1. GreenhouDioxide Emissions: Table 12.2. Other Columns: Calculated 
Figure 1.6 State-Level Energy Consumption and Consumption per Person, 2002

ConsumptionConsumption per Person14 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

TX

CA

FL NY OH IL PA LA

MI GA IN NC NJ VA TN AL KY WA WI MO MN SC MA MD OK AZ CO IA MS AR OR KS CT WV AK UT NM NE NV ID ME W

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4

05

1015

Quadrillion Btu

AK

WY

LA

ND

TX

KY IN AL WV AR MT OK MS IA KS TN SC DE NE ID NM ME GA MN SD WI OH US DC MO VA PA WA NC MI IL OR CO UT NV NJ MD N

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 

Ranked by State

0.0

0.2

0.40.60.81.0

1.2

1.4

Billion Btu

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 1.6.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.6 State-Level Energy Consumption, Expenditures, and Prices, 2002

Rank

Consumption Consumption per Person Expenditures 1 Expenditures 1 per Person 

Trillion Btu Million Btu Million Dollars Dollars 

 1 Texas 12,489.3 Alaska 1,149.1 California 70,359 Wyoming 4,304  2 California 7,984.4 Wyoming 883.9 Texas 67,026 Alaska 3,932  3 Florida 4,261.0 Louisiana 824.2 New York 36,990 Louisiana 3,634  4 New York 4,123.4 North Dakota 629.5 Florida 30,997 North Dakota 3,160  5 Ohio 3,959.4 Texas 574.6 Pennsylvania 28,701 Texas 3,083  6 Illinois 3,938.0 Kentucky 486.4 Ohio 27,611 Indiana 2,692  7 Pennsylvania 3,916.3 Indiana 467.8 Illinois 27,118 Kentucky 2,673  8 Louisiana 3,689.1 Alabama 451.8 Michigan 22,292 Iowa 2,651  9 Michigan 3,156.8 West Virginia 430.5 New Jersey 19,375 Maine 2,649  10 Georgia 3,035.7 Arkansas 423.8 Georgia 19,009 District of Columbia 2,641  11 Indiana 2,880.4 Montana 419.1 North Carolina 18,423 Arkansas 2,594  12 North Carolina 2,633.8 Oklahoma 418.7 Indiana 16,574 Alabama 2,565  13 New Jersey 2,519.9 Mississippi 413.2 Louisiana 16,265 Delaware 2,560  14 Virginia 2,335.7 Iowa 406.3 Virginia 15,790 Vermont 2,525  15 Tennessee 2,252.6 Kansas 395.8 Massachusetts 14,300 Oklahoma 2,510  16 Alabama 2,023.6 Tennessee 389.1 Tennessee 13,676 Montana 2,507  17 Kentucky 1,989.4 South Carolina 387.6 Missouri 13,046 Mississippi 2,490  18 Washington 1,925.0 Delaware 382.1 Wisconsin 12,938 South Dakota 2,475  19 Wisconsin 1,889.4 Nebraska 371.1 Washington 12,187 Kansas 2,453  20 Missouri 1,841.1 Idaho 366.0 Minnesota 11,627 Ohio 2,420  21 Minnesota 1,782.2 New Mexico 363.8 Alabama 11,489 Nebraska 2,404  22 South Carolina 1,590.7 Maine 361.2 Maryland 10,942 Nevada 2,396  23 Massachusetts 1,561.4 Georgia 355.3 Kentucky 10,933 South Carolina 2,393  24 Maryland 1,506.8 Minnesota 354.7 Arizona 10,451 Wisconsin 2,379  25 Oklahoma 1,461.3 South Dakota 350.8 South Carolina 9,821 West Virginia 2,377  26 Arizona 1,361.4 Wisconsin 347.3 Oklahoma 8,758 New Hampshire 2,371  27 Colorado 1,348.6 Ohio 347.1 Colorado 8,738 Tennessee 2,362  28 Iowa 1,192.7 District of Columbia 329.5 Iowa 7,783 Idaho 2,356  29 Mississippi 1,184.7 Missouri 324.7 Connecticut 7,679 Pennsylvania 2,328  30 Arkansas 1,146.9 Virginia 320.5 Oregon 7,617 Minnesota 2,314  31 Oregon 1,076.2 Pennsylvania 317.7 Mississippi 7,139 Missouri 2,301  32 Kansas 1,073.2 Washington 317.3 Arkansas 7,019 New Jersey 2,259  33 Connecticut 849.1 North Carolina 317.1 Kansas 6,652 Massachusetts 2,227  34 West Virginia 777.0 Michigan 314.3 Nevada 5,193 Georgia 2,225  35 Alaska 737.1 Illinois 312.9 West Virginia 4,291 Connecticut 2,220  36 Utah 694.0 Oregon 305.7 Utah 4,222 Michigan 2,220  37 New Mexico 673.9 Colorado 299.6 Nebraska 4,154 North Carolina 2,218  38 Nebraska 641.1 Utah 299.3 New Mexico 3,950 Hawaii 2,208  39 Nevada 640.9 Nevada 295.7 Maine 3,430 Virginia 2,167  40 Idaho 491.5 New Jersey 293.9 Idaho 3,165 Oregon 2,164  41 Maine 467.7 Maryland 276.5 New Hampshire 3,022 Illinois 2,155  42 Wyoming 440.9 New Hampshire 256.0 Hawaii 2,740 New Mexico 2,133  43 North Dakota 399.0 Vermont 255.7 Alaska 2,522 California 2,010  44 Montana 381.6 Florida 255.3 Montana 2,283 Washington 2,009  45 New Hampshire 326.3 Arizona 250.2 Wyoming 2,147 Maryland 2,007  46 Delaware 307.9 Connecticut 245.5 Delaware 2,063 Colorado 1,941  47 Hawaii 291.8 Massachusetts 243.1 Rhode Island 2,029 New York 1,933  48 South Dakota 266.8 Hawaii 235.2 North Dakota 2,003 Arizona 1,921  49 Rhode Island 219.6 California 228.1 South Dakota 1,882 Rhode Island 1,899  50 District of Columbia 187.5 New York 215.5 Vermont 1,556 Florida 1,857  51 Vermont 157.6 Rhode Island 205.6 District of Columbia 1,503 Utah 1,821 

 United States 298,142.5 United States 340.8 United States 3661,659 United States 2,298 

1 Prices and expenditures include taxes where data are available. 2 Includes 60.8 trillion Btu of coal coke net imports, which are not allocated to the States. 3 Includes $180 million for coal coke net imports, which are not allocated to the States.

Note: Rankings based on unrounded data.Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/_states.html.

Sources: • Consumption: Energy Information Admini

Consumption" (June 2006), Tables R1 and R2. • Expenditu2002: Prices and Expenditures" (June 2006), Table R1. • "Stadata by end-use sector and type of energy. Consumption estiprice and expenditure estimates are annual 1970 through 2002.
Figure 1.7 Heating Degree-Days by Month, 1949-2005

16 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1963

October November December January February M

0

200400600800

1,0001,200

Heating Degree-Days

2004-2005 Heating Season Heating Season 30-Year Normals1 Record High and Lo

1 Based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000. Source: Table 1.7.

2000

1954

1990

1956

2001

1976

1991

1977

1989

1978
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.7 Heating Degree-Days by Month, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year January February March April May June July August September October No

 1949 858 701 611 330 128 21 7 9 94 209  1950 761 721 693 412 162 40 11 18 85 196  1955 927 759 600 272 121 48 9 6 56 237  1960 884 780 831 278 160 33 7 11 48 254  1965 907 780 738 355 114 48 11 14 78 271  1970 1,063 758 685 344 120 31 4 9 55 253  1971 976 760 681 375 194 29 10 12 47 187  1972 890 785 608 377 137 49 7 12 65 330  1973 893 772 504 356 182 22 6 9 61 212  1974 838 754 556 310 171 42 6 13 94 303  1975 821 742 686 449 117 37 5 13 100 235  1976 974 609 544 309 178 28 8 19 81 367  1977 1,188 751 529 270 119 38 6 13 59 295  1978 1,061 958 677 350 157 31 7 11 59 283  1979 1,079 950 575 364 148 37 6 15 58 271  1980 887 831 680 338 142 49 5 10 54 316  1981 984 689 620 260 165 25 6 11 76 327  1982 1,067 776 620 408 114 62 7 19 75 264  1983 874 706 588 421 189 35 6 5 53 251  1984 1,000 645 704 371 172 28 7 7 88 223  1985 1,057 807 557 260 123 47 5 17 69 243  1986 859 734 542 295 123 30 9 18 76 258  1987 920 714 573 309 107 20 8 13 61 345  1988 1,004 778 594 344 134 30 3 5 72 352  1989 789 832 603 344 163 32 5 14 73 259  1990 728 655 535 321 184 29 6 10 56 246  1991 921 639 564 287 98 30 6 7 69 242  1992 852 644 603 345 152 46 14 24 74 301  1993 860 827 664 368 128 38 11 9 89 302  1994 1,031 813 594 293 174 21 6 16 65 268  1995 847 750 556 375 174 31 4 7 77 233  1996 945 748 713 360 165 27 8 9 72 276  1997 932 672 552 406 198 31 7 16 63 273  1998 765 623 596 331 109 41 4 5 33 245  1999 861 647 645 319 139 31 5 12 62 275  2000 886 643 494 341 115 29 12 12 69 244  2001 935 725 669 302 115 29 8 6 71 267  2002 778 670 624 282 185 23 3 8 38 299  2003 944 801 572 344 165 41 4 5 62 261  2004 R968 R766 R495 R303 R107 R37 R7 R20 R47 R251  2005P 851 661 629 304 173 20 3 4 32 241 

Normals1 917 732 593 345 159 39 9 15 77 282 

1 Based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • This table excludes Alaska and Hawaii. • Degree-days are relative measurements of outdoor

air temperature. Heating degree-days are deviations below the mean daily temperature of 65° F. Forexample, a weather station recording a mean daily temperature of 40° F would report 25 heatingdegree-days. • Temperature information recorded by weather stations is used to calculate State-widedegree-day averages based on resident State population. Beginning in 2002, data are weighted by theestimated 2000 population. The population-weighted State figures are aggregated into Census divisions

and the national average.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://

• For current data, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/overvi

Sources: • 1949-2004 and Normals—U.S. Departmen

Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Climatic Data CClimatology Series 5-1. • 2005—Energy Information Adminis2005-January 2006 issues, Table 1.10, which reports data from Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland.
Figure 1.8 Cooling Degree-Days by Month, 1949-2005

18 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

April May June July August Septemb

0

100200300400

Cooling Degree-Days

2005 Cooling Season Cooling Season 30-Year Normals1 Record High and Low 

1967

1950

1991

1992

1976

1955

1 Based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000. Source: Table 1.8.

200

1983

1954

1955

1952

1995
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.8 Cooling Degree-Days by Month, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year January February March April May June July August September October No

 1949 16 14 14 27 110 253 367 294 131 70  1950 27 12 13 21 105 201 268 244 128 78  1955 6 7 20 45 121 161 381 355 182 50  1960 7 4 6 37 76 215 301 302 181 59  1965 9 7 10 42 125 179 280 273 155 48  1970 3 4 10 36 104 201 323 313 185 48  1971 8 7 10 22 68 244 288 269 182 77  1972 15 6 22 36 88 174 299 276 169 44  1973 7 3 24 18 75 236 318 303 166 66  1974 21 6 28 29 101 173 317 267 120 40  1975 14 11 14 24 117 203 301 296 120 55  1976 5 11 23 27 64 208 282 243 127 27  1977 2 5 21 35 121 212 351 293 180 44  1978 3 1 10 31 93 218 310 300 180 52  1979 4 4 13 32 82 187 295 266 160 53  1980 9 4 13 23 95 199 374 347 192 42  1981 3 6 10 52 75 257 333 275 138 43  1982 6 10 21 26 115 165 318 262 140 47  1983 6 5 9 13 72 193 353 362 172 58  1984 5 6 14 24 92 233 291 312 143 70  1985 3 5 22 39 108 193 313 269 145 68  1986 8 10 17 33 106 231 340 259 161 52  1987 5 7 13 23 127 244 334 298 156 40  1988 5 5 13 28 89 218 359 348 149 45  1989 15 7 19 36 88 208 312 266 138 49  1990 15 14 21 29 86 234 316 291 172 57  1991 10 9 19 42 147 235 336 305 149 62  1992 6 10 15 29 77 170 286 228 150 49  1993 13 5 11 19 91 207 347 317 146 47  1994 7 9 18 37 76 262 328 263 141 50  1995 7 7 18 29 91 202 348 363 150 61  1996 7 6 8 26 116 226 299 287 139 45  1997 8 11 31 19 81 189 315 268 171 48  1998 12 7 10 23 135 228 350 337 215 62  1999 12 11 12 40 94 219 374 305 152 55  2000 10 10 25 28 131 221 284 302 156 50  2001 3 12 11 37 114 220 302 333 138 46  2002 8 6 17 53 92 242 369 331 202 57  2003 5 7 24 30 110 187 336 345 156 65  2004 R6 R6 R28 R29 R138 208 R299 R252 R177 R67  2005P 9 7 14 29 91 260 367 348 220 74 

Normals1 9 8 18 30 97 213 321 290 155 53 

1 Based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • This table excludes Alaska and Hawaii. • Degree-days are relative measurements of outdoor

air temperature. Cooling degree-days are deviations above the mean daily temperature of 65° F. Forexample, a weather station recording a mean daily temperature of 78° F would report 13 coolingdegree-days. • Temperature information recorded by weather stations is used to calculate State-widedegree-day averages based on resident State population. Beginning in 2002, data are weighted by theestimated 2000 population. The population-weighted State figures are aggregated into Census divisions

and the national average.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://

• For current data, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/overvi

Sources: • 1949-2004 and Normals—U.S. Departmen

Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Climatic Data CClimatology Series 5-2. • 2005—Energy Information Adminis2005-January 2006 issues, Table 1.11, which reports data from Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland.
Figure 1.9 Heating Degree-Days by Census Division

Heating Degree-Days, 1949-2005Heating Degree-Days by Census Division, 200520 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000

Degree-Days

1 Normals are based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

Notes: • Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. • See Appendix C for Census Divisions.

Source: Table 1.9.

Atlantic

30-Year Normal1: 4,524

High: 4,958 (1978)

England Atlantic Central Central Central Central

6,591

5,730

6,113 6,036

2,766

3,362

2,016

6,612

5,910

6,498 6,750

2,853

3,603

2,286

5,2

New Middle East North West North South East South West South M

0

2,0004,0006,0008,000

Degree-Days

3
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.9 Heating Degree-Days by Census Division, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East North

Central

West North

Central

South

Atlantic

East South

Central

West South

Central Mountain 

 1949 5,829 5,091 5,801 6,479 2,367 2,942 2,133 5,483  1950 6,470 5,765 6,619 7,136 2,713 3,315 1,974 4,930  1955 6,577 5,708 6,101 6,630 2,786 3,314 2,083 5,517  1960 6,561 5,901 6,544 6,884 3,147 3,958 2,551 5,328  1965 6,825 5,933 6,284 6,646 2,830 3,374 2,078 5,318  1970 6,839 5,943 6,455 6,835 2,997 3,685 2,396 5,436  1971 6,695 5,761 6,236 6,594 2,763 3,395 1,985 5,585  1972 7,001 6,064 6,772 7,094 2,759 3,438 2,259 5,352  1973 6,120 5,327 5,780 6,226 2,718 3,309 2,256 5,562  1974 6,621 5,670 6,259 6,478 2,551 3,171 2,080 5,281  1975 6,362 5,477 6,169 6,678 2,640 3,336 2,187 5,693  1976 6,839 6,097 6,768 6,670 3,040 3,881 2,446 5,303  1977 6,579 5,889 6,538 6,506 3,047 3,812 2,330 5,060  1978 7,061 6,330 7,095 7,324 3,187 4,062 2,764 5,370  1979 6,348 5,851 6,921 7,369 2,977 3,900 2,694 5,564  1980 6,900 6,143 6,792 6,652 3,099 3,855 2,378 5,052  1981 6,612 5,989 6,446 6,115 3,177 3,757 2,162 4,671  1982 6,697 5,866 6,542 7,000 2,721 3,357 2,227 5,544  1983 6,305 5,733 6,423 6,901 3,057 3,892 2,672 5,359  1984 6,442 5,777 6,418 6,582 2,791 3,451 2,194 5,592  1985 6,571 5,660 6,546 7,119 2,736 3,602 2,466 5,676  1986 6,517 5,665 6,150 6,231 2,686 3,294 2,058 4,870  1987 6,546 5,699 5,810 5,712 2,937 3,466 2,292 5,153  1988 6,715 6,088 6,590 6,634 3,122 3,800 2,346 5,148  1989 6,887 6,134 6,834 6,996 2,944 3,713 2,439 5,173  1990 5,848 4,998 5,681 6,011 2,230 2,929 1,944 5,146  1991 5,960 5,177 5,906 6,319 2,503 3,211 2,178 5,259  1992 6,844 5,964 6,297 6,262 2,852 3,498 2,145 5,054  1993 6,728 5,948 6,646 7,168 2,981 3,768 2,489 5,514  1994 6,672 5,934 6,378 6,509 2,724 3,394 2,108 5,002  1995 6,559 5,831 6,664 6,804 2,967 3,626 2,145 4,953  1996 6,679 5,986 6,947 7,345 3,106 3,782 2,285 5,011  1997 6,662 5,809 6,617 6,762 2,845 3,664 2,418 5,189  1998 5,680 4,812 5,278 5,774 2,429 3,025 2,021 5,059  1999 5,952 5,351 5,946 5,921 2,652 3,142 1,835 4,768  2000 6,489 5,774 6,284 6,456 2,959 3,548 2,194 4,881  2001 6,059 5,297 5,824 6,185 2,666 3,314 2,200 4,954  2002 6,099 5,372 6,122 6,625 2,671 3,420 2,307 5,028  2003 6,851 6,090 6,528 6,539 2,891 3,503 2,230 4,616  2004 R6,612 R5,749 R6,199 R6,290 R2,748 R3,289 R2,088 R4,844  2005P 6,591 5,730 6,113 6,036 2,766 3,362 2,016 4,672 

Normals2 6,612 5,910 6,498 6,750 2,853 3,603 2,286 5,209 

1 Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. 2 Based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Degree-days are relative measurements of outdoor air temperature. Heating degree-days are

deviations below the mean daily temperature of 65° F. For example, a weather station recording a meandaily temperature of 40° F would report 25 heating degree-days. • Temperature information recorded byweather stations is used to calculate State-wide degree-day averages based on resident State population. Beginning in 2002, data are weighted by the estimated 2000 population. The population-weighted Statefigures are aggregated into Census divisions and the national average. • See Appendix C for Census

divisions.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://

• For current data, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/overvi

Sources: • 1949-2004 and Normals—U.S. Departmen

Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Climatic Data CClimatology Series 5-1. • 2005—Energy Information AdminFebruary 2005-January 2006 issues, Table 1.10, which reports dClimate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland. Census current year monthly statistics shown in the cited issues of the M
Figure 1.10 Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division

Cooling Degree-Days, 1949-2005Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division, 200522 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Degree-Days 1 Normals are based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

Notes: • Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. • See Appendix C for Census Divisions.

Source: Table 1.10.

30-Year Normal1: 1,215

Low: 1,029 (1976)

633

971 970

1,156

2,132

1,811

2,825

418

655 708

928

1,964

1,549

2,448

1,2

New Middle East North West North South East South West South 

0

1,0002,0003,0004,000

Degree-Days

30-Year Norrmal1 2005

England Atlantic Central Central Central Atlantic Central
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.10 Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East North

Central

West North

Central

South

Atlantic

East South

Central

West South

Central Mountain 

 1949 654 901 949 1,038 2,128 1,776 2,510 1,198  1950 353 542 602 729 1,919 1,568 2,473 1,120  1955 602 934 1,043 1,238 2,045 1,791 2,643 1,124  1960 368 640 722 961 1,926 1,613 2,492 1,308  1965 352 638 688 914 1,931 1,634 2,579 961  1970 479 779 827 1,066 2,007 1,662 2,375 1,163  1971 465 730 783 960 1,932 1,577 2,448 1,074  1972 364 614 643 908 1,843 1,525 2,513 1,141  1973 551 830 864 1,009 2,000 1,665 2,359 1,123  1974 393 614 626 878 1,842 1,382 2,342 1,188  1975 467 708 788 1,003 2,011 1,520 2,261 1,031  1976 402 597 619 939 1,675 1,232 2,035 1,058  1977 407 689 823 1,122 2,020 1,808 2,720 1,256  1978 378 615 741 1,027 1,972 1,685 2,638 1,174  1979 434 588 618 871 1,833 1,412 2,242 1,164  1980 487 793 816 1,217 2,075 1,834 2,734 1,202  1981 436 657 658 924 1,889 1,576 2,498 1,331  1982 321 541 643 859 1,958 1,537 2,502 1,121  1983 538 799 934 1,178 1,925 1,579 2,288 1,174  1984 468 649 724 955 1,865 1,508 2,469 1,190  1985 372 627 643 830 2,004 1,596 2,599 1,210  1986 301 626 738 1,021 2,149 1,792 2,618 1,188  1987 406 729 918 1,115 2,067 1,718 2,368 1,196  1988 545 782 975 1,230 1,923 1,582 2,422 1,320  1989 426 658 652 864 1,977 1,417 2,295 1,330  1990 477 656 647 983 2,143 1,622 2,579 1,294  1991 511 854 959 1,125 2,197 1,758 2,499 1,182  1992 276 460 449 637 1,777 1,293 2,201 1,206  1993 486 764 735 817 2,092 1,622 2,369 1,113  1994 548 722 664 887 2,005 1,448 2,422 1,436  1995 507 803 921 985 2,081 1,671 2,448 1,234  1996 400 623 629 821 1,867 1,474 2,515 1,381  1997 395 586 574 873 1,886 1,393 2,361 1,335  1998 505 788 889 1,138 2,277 1,928 3,026 1,271  1999 631 882 855 970 2,024 1,733 2,645 1,242  2000 317 542 658 1,023 1,929 1,736 2,787 1,488  2001 519 722 744 1,028 1,891 1,535 2,565 1,498  2002 570 863 933 1,049 2,209 1,808 2,545 1,543  2003 522 685 645 946 2,007 1,494 2,522 1,639  2004 R402 R670 R604 R752 R2,037 R1,549 R2,485 R1,376  2005P 633 971 970 1,156 2,132 1,811 2,825 1,471 

Normals2 418 655 708 928 1,964 1,549 2,448 1,244 

1 Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. 2 Based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Degree-days are relative measurements of outdoor air temperature. Cooling degree-days are

deviations above the mean daily temperature of 65° F. For example, a weather station recording a meandaily temperature of 78° F would report 13 cooling degree-days. • Temperature information recorded byweather stations is used to calculate State-wide degree-day averages based on resident State population. Beginning in 2002, data are weighted by the estimated 2000 population. The population-weighted Statefigures are aggregated into Census divisions and the national average. • See Appendix C for Census

divisions.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://

• For current data, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/overvi

Sources: • 1949-2004 and Normals—U.S. Departmen

Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Climatic Data CClimatology Series 5-2. • 2005—Energy Information Admini2006), Table 1.11, which reports data from NOAA, National WCamp Springs, Maryland.
Figure 1.11 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency

Total and U.S. Department of Defense, Fiscal Years 1975-2005Non-Defense Agencies, Fiscal Year 200524 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 General Services Administration.2 National Aeronautics and Space Administration.3 Health and Human Services.4 See Table 1.11 for list of agencies.

Notes: • The U.S. Government’s fiscal year was October 

1975 and 1976 when it was July 1 through June 30. • Beshould not be compared.

Source: Table 1.11.

1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 199

0

400800

1,2001,600

Trillion Btu

Total

Non-Defense Agenci

Defense

40.7

30.4 29.8

18.5 18.4

10.3 9.6 8.6 7.7

Postal Energy Veterans Justice GSA1 NASA2 HHS3 Interior Agriculture 

0

1020304050

Trillion Btu

Service Affairs
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.11 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency, Fiscal Years 1975-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Agencies

Agriculture Defense Energy GSA 1 HHS 2 Interior Justice NASA 3

Postal

Service

Transportation Vet

Af

1975 9.5 1,360.2 50.4 22.3 6.5 9.4 5.9 13.4 30.5 19.3 1976 9.3 1,183.3 50.3 20.6 6.7 9.4 5.7 12.4 30.0 19.5 1977 8.9 1,192.3 51.6 20.4 6.9 9.5 5.9 12.0 32.7 20.4 1978 9.1 1,157.8 50.1 20.4 6.5 9.2 5.9 11.2 30.9 20.6 1979 9.2 1,175.8 49.6 19.6 6.4 10.4 6.4 11.1 29.3 19.6 1980 8.6 1,183.1 47.4 18.1 6.0 8.5 5.7 10.4 27.2 19.2 1981 7.9 1,239.5 47.3 18.0 6.7 7.6 5.4 10.0 27.9 18.8 1982 7.6 1,264.5 49.0 18.1 6.4 7.4 5.8 10.1 27.5 19.1 1983 7.4 1,248.3 49.5 16.1 6.2 7.7 5.5 10.3 26.5 19.4 1984 7.9 1,292.1 51.6 16.2 6.4 8.4 6.4 10.6 27.7 19.8 1985 8.4 1,250.6 52.2 R20.7 6.0 7.8 8.2 10.9 27.8 19.6 1986 6.8 1,222.8 46.9 14.0 6.2 6.9 8.6 11.2 28.0 19.4 1987 7.3 1,280.5 48.5 13.1 6.6 6.6 8.1 11.3 28.5 19.0 1988 7.8 1,165.8 49.9 12.4 6.4 7.0 9.4 11.3 29.6 18.7 1989 8.7 1,274.4 44.2 12.7 6.7 7.1 7.7 12.4 30.3 18.5 1990 9.6 1,241.7 43.5 R17.0 7.1 7.4 7.0 12.4 30.6 19.0 1991 9.6 1,269.3 42.1 14.0 6.2 7.1 8.0 12.5 30.8 19.0 1992 9.1 1,104.0 44.3 13.8 6.8 7.0 7.5 12.6 31.7 17.0 1993 9.3 1,048.8 43.4 14.1 7.2 7.5 9.1 12.4 33.7 19.4 1994 9.4 977.0 42.1 14.0 7.5 7.9 10.3 12.6 35.0 19.8 1995 9.0 926.0 47.3 13.7 6.1 6.4 10.2 12.4 36.2 18.7 1996 9.1 904.5 44.6 14.5 6.6 4.3 12.1 11.5 36.4 19.6 1997 7.4 880.0 43.1 14.4 7.9 6.6 12.0 12.0 40.8 19.1 1998 7.9 837.1 31.5 14.1 7.4 6.4 15.8 11.7 39.5 18.5 1999 7.8 810.7 27.0 14.4 7.1 7.5 15.4 11.4 39.8 22.6 2000 7.4 779.1 30.5 17.6 8.0 7.8 19.7 11.1 43.3 21.2 2001 7.4 787.2 31.1 18.4 8.5 9.5 19.7 10.9 43.4 17.8 2002 7.2 837.5 30.7 17.5 8.0 8.2 17.7 10.7 41.6 18.3 2003 7.2 904.4 30.7 18.6 8.7 7.6 18.0 10.1 42.6 5.6 2004 R7.0 R960.7 R31.4 18.3 R8.8 R8.7 R17.5 9.9 R40.7 R5.2 2005P 7.7 932.1 30.4 18.4 9.6 8.6 18.5 10.3 40.7 5.0 

1 General Services Administration. 2 Health and Human Services. 3 National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 4 Includes National Archives and Records Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, Panama

Canal Commission, Tennessee Valley Authority, U.S. Department of Labor, National Science Foundation,Federal Trade Commission, Federal Communications Commission, Environmental Protection Agency,U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, RailroadRetirement Board, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,Nuclear Regulatory Commission, U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of the Treasury, SmallBusiness Administration, Office of Personnel Management, Federal Emergency Management Agency,Central Intelligence Agency, Social Security Administration, and U.S. Information Agency (International

Broadcasting Bureau).

R = Revised. P = Preliminary. Notes: • The U.S. Government’s fiscal year was October 1 th

1976, when it was July 1 through June 30. • Data include energforeign operations, including aviation and ocean bunkering, primU.S. Government energy use for electricity generation a• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent r

Web Page: See http://www.eere.energy.gov/femp/aboutfem

related information.

Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Eff

Energy Management Program. 
Figure 1.12 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Source, Fiscal Years 1975-2005

By Major Energy Source By Selected Petroleum Product26 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Jet Fuel

Notes: • The U.S. Government’s fiscal year was October 1 through September 30, except in

1975 and 1976 when it was July 1 through June 30. • Because vertical scales differ, graphsshould not be compared.

Source: Table 1.12.

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

200400600800

1,0001,200

Trillion Btu

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

200400600800

Trillion Btu

Electricity

Natural Gas

Coal

Petroleum

Motor Gasoline

Distillate 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.12 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Source, Fiscal Years 1975-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year Coal

Natural

Gas

Petroleum

Electricit

Aviation

Gasoline

Distillate and

Residual Fuel Oil Jet Fuel

Motor

Gasoline

LPG 1

and Other 2 Total

1975 77.9 166.2 22.0 376.0 707.4 63.2 5.6 1,174.2 141.5 1976 71.3 151.8 11.6 329.7 610.0 60.4 4.7 1,016.4 139.3 1977 68.4 141.2 8.8 348.5 619.2 61.4 4.1 1,042.1 141.1 1978 66.0 144.7 6.2 332.3 601.1 60.1 3.0 1,002.9 141.0 1979 65.1 148.9 4.7 327.1 618.6 59.1 3.7 1,013.1 141.2 1980 63.5 147.3 4.9 307.7 638.7 56.5 4.0 1,011.8 141.9 1981 65.1 142.2 4.6 351.3 653.3 53.2 3.7 1,066.2 144.5 1982 68.6 146.2 3.6 349.4 672.7 53.1 3.9 1,082.8 147.5 1983 62.4 147.8 2.6 329.5 673.4 51.6 4.0 1,061.1 151.5 1984 65.3 157.4 1.9 342.9 693.7 51.2 4.1 1,093.8 155.9 1985 R64.8 R149.9 1.9 R292.6 705.7 50.4 4.0 R1,054.6 R167.2 1986 63.8 140.9 1.4 271.6 710.2 45.3 3.9 1,032.4 155.8 1987 67.0 145.6 1.0 319.5 702.3 43.1 4.0 1,069.9 169.9 1988 60.2 144.6 6.0 284.8 617.2 41.2 3.2 952.4 171.2 1989 48.7 152.4 0.8 245.3 761.7 41.1 5.7 1,054.5 188.6 1990 R44.7 R159.7 0.5 R245.9 732.4 37.2 6.4 R1,022.4 R201.4 1991 45.9 154.1 0.4 232.6 774.5 34.1 9.0 1,050.7 R192.7 1992 51.7 151.2 1.0 200.6 628.2 35.6 11.4 876.8 192.5 1993 38.3 152.9 0.7 187.0 612.4 34.5 9.3 843.9 R193.1 1994 35.0 143.9 0.6 198.5 550.7 29.5 10.9 790.2 190.9 1995 31.7 149.7 0.3 178.5 522.3 31.9 11.4 744.4 185.3 1996 23.3 147.4 0.2 170.6 513.0 27.6 21.7 733.2 R184.5 1997 22.5 154.0 0.3 180.1 475.7 39.0 17.2 712.2 R184.0 1998 23.9 140.7 0.2 174.6 445.5 43.1 9.4 672.8 R181.8 1999 21.2 137.6 0.1 162.2 444.7 41.1 2.9 650.9 R180.4 2000 22.7 134.0 0.2 171.4 403.1 43.9 4.3 622.9 194.0 2001 18.8 133.9 0.2 177.0 415.2 42.5 7.9 642.9 R188.8 2002 16.9 134.1 0.2 165.7 472.9 41.3 6.0 686.1 189.1 2003 16.9 136.9 0.3 R189.0 517.9 R45.7 R6.0 R758.9 R187.0 2004 17.4 130.8 0.2 R259.2 508.2 R43.5 R6.0 R817.1 R190.2 2005P 17.1 131.1 0.4 239.5 492.2 46.2 8.9 787.1 187.9 

1 Liquefied petroleum gases. 2 Other types of fuel used in vehicles and equipment, primarily alternative fuels like methanol, ethanol,

compressed natural gas, and biodiesel.

3 "Other" is chilled water, renewable energy, and other fuels reported as used in facilities.

R = Revised. P = Preliminary. Notes: • The U.S. Government’s fiscal year was October 1 through September 30, except in 1975 and

1976, when it was July 1 through June 30. • This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btuper kilowatthour and a conversion factor for purchased steam of 1,000 Btu per pound. • Data include

energy consumed at foreign installations and in foreign operatio

primarily by the U.S. Department of Defense. U.S. Governmenuranium enrichment is excluded. • Totals may not equal sum of 

Web Page: See http://www.eere.energy.gov/femp/aboutfe

related information.

Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficien

Management Program. 
Figure 1.13 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency and Source, Fiscal Years 199

By AgencyBy Source28 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Chilled water, renewable energy, and other fuels reported as used in facilities.2 Aviation gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas, and other types of fuel used in vehicles and

equipment.

Notes: • The U.S. Government’s fiscal year runs from Octo

• Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compa

Source: Table 1.13.

727

101 75

29 61 87 

687

108 96

35 57 78 5

Petroleum Electricity Natural Gas Coal, Purchased Petroleum Electricity Na

0

200400600800

1,000

Trillion Btu

1995 2005

Department of Defense All Other Agen

Steam, and Other1 

Residual Fuel Oil Petroleum2 Gasoline Stea

492

240

46 9

787

188

131

522

179

32 12

744

185 150

5

Jet Fuel Distillate and Motor All Other Total Electricity Natural Gas Coa

0

200400600800

1,0001,2001,400

Trillion Btu

1995 2005

Petroleum
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.13 U.S. Government Energy Consumption by Agency and Source, Fiscal Years 1995 and 

 (Trillion Btu)

Agency Coal

Natural

Gas

Petroleum

Elec

Aviation

Gasoline

Distillate and

Residual

Fuel Oil Jet Fuel

Motor

Gasoline

LPG 1

and Other 2 Total

Total, 1995 ....................................... 31.7 149.7 0.3 178.5 522.3 31.9 11.4 744.4 1

 Defense .......................................... 21.9 95.6 0.0 163.7 513.2 6.8 3.5 687.2 1 Energy ............................................ 9.6 16.4 0.0 2.9 0.3 0.8 0.2 4.2  Postal Service ................................. 0.0 5.6 0.0 3.0 0.0 11.8 0.6 15.4  Veterans Affairs .............................. 0.2 13.6 0.0 1.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.6  Transportation ................................ 0.0 1.2 0.0 1.0 5.7 0.6 5.9 13.2  General Services Administration .... 0.0 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3  NASA 4 ........................................... 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.6 1.4 0.3 0.0 2.3  Agriculture ...................................... 0.1 3.7 0.1 0.4 0.7 2.3 0.0 3.5  Justice ............................................ 0.0 1.6 0.1 0.5 0.0 4.4 0.2 5.2  Interior ............................................ 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.1 2.3 0.7 4.4  Health and Human Services ........... 0.0 2.4 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.3  Other 5 ............................................ 0.0 3.4 0.0 2.5 1.0 2.1 0.1 5.8 

Total, 2005 P .................................... 17.1 131.1 0.4 239.5 492.2 46.2 8.9 787.1 1

 Defense .......................................... 15.0 75.3 0.1 221.3 484.6 16.6 4.0 726.6 1 Energy ............................................ 0.0 5.6 0.0 4.2 0.0 12.1 0.2 16.6  Postal Service ................................. 1.9 6.2 0.0 2.0 0.2 1.9 0.1 4.2  Veterans Affairs .............................. 0.2 15.6 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.8 0.0 2.0  Transportation ................................ 0.0 7.9 0.1 0.4 1.4 2.8 0.0 4.8  General Services Administration .... 0.0 6.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1  NASA 4 ........................................... 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.0 1.4  Agriculture ...................................... 0.1 3.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.1 1.1  Justice ............................................ 0.0 1.1 0.0 1.1 0.1 2.3 1.1 4.7  Interior ............................................ 0.0 1.5 0.1 0.7 0.0 2.2 0.7 3.8  Health and Human Services ........... 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.0 1.4  Other 6 ............................................ 0.0 3.9 0.0 7.2 4.4 6.3 2.5 20.5 

1 Liquefied petroleum gases. 2 Other types of fuel used in vehicles and equipment, primarily alternative fuels like methanol, ethanol,

compressed natural gas, and biodiesel.

3 "Other" is chilled water, renewable energy, and other fuels reported as used in facilities. 4 National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 5 Includes U.S. Department of Commerce, Panama Canal Commission, Tennessee Valley Authority,

U.S. Department of Labor, U.S Information Agency, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,Federal Communications Commission, Office of Personnel Management, U.S. Department of State,Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Department of the Treasury, National Archives andRecords Administration, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Railroad Retirement Board, Federal TradeCommission, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and Environmental Protection Agency.

6 Includes National Archives and Records Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S.

Department of Labor, U.S. Department of State, Environmental Protection Agency, FederalCommunications Commission, Social Security Administration, International Broadcasting Bureau, Nuclear

Regulatory Commission, U.S. Department of Homeland Securit

Development, U.S. Department of the Treasury, Railroad RAuthority.

P=Preliminary. Notes: • The U.S. Government’s fiscal year runs from Octo

uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthsteam of 1,000 Btu per pound. • Data include energy consuoperations, including aviation and ocean bunkering, primarily bGovernment energy use for electricity generation and uranium equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: See http://www.eere.energy.gov/femp/aboutfe

related information.

Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficien

Management Program. 
Figure 1.14 Fossil Fuel Production on Federally Administered Lands

Total, 1949-2005 Federal Lands Fossil Fuel Production as a Sha

U.S. Fossil Fuel Production, 1949-2005

By Source, 1949-2005 Federal Lands Fossil Fuel Production as a Sha

U.S. Fossil Fuel Production, By Source, 2005

30 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • Data through 2000 are on a calendar-year basis; data for 2001-2005 are on a fiscalyear basis (October–September). • “Federally Administered Lands” include all classes of land

owned by the Federal Government, including acquired military, Outer Continental Shelf, and

public lands. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should  Source: Table 1.14.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

10152025

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 1970 1980 

09

18273645

Percent 2005: 19

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

12

Quadrillion Btu

38

36

Coal Natural Gas Crude 

09

18273645

Percent

Lease C

Natural Gas Plant Liquids

Coal

Natural Gas

Crude Oil and

 Lease Condensate
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.14 Fossil Fuel Production on Federally Administered Lands, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Crude Oil and Lease Condensate Natural Gas Plant Liquids 1 Natural Gas 2 Coal 

Million

Barrels 3

Quadrillion

Btu

Percent of

U.S. Total

Million

Barrels 3

Quadrillion

Btu

Percent of

U.S. Total

Trillion

Cubic Feet 3

Quadrillion

Btu

Percent of

U.S. Total

Million

Short Tons 3

Quadrillion

Btu

Calendar-Year Data 4

1949 95.2 0.55 5.2 4.4 0.02 2.8 0.15 0.15 2.8 9.5 0.24 1950 105.9 0.61 5.4 4.4 0.02 2.4 0.14 0.15 2.4 7.7 0.19 1955 159.5 0.92 6.4 6.0 0.03 2.1 0.43 0.45 4.8 5.9 0.15 1960 277.3 1.61 10.8 11.6 0.05 3.4 0.95 0.98 7.8 5.2 0.13 1965 378.6 2.20 13.3 14.3 0.06 3.2 1.56 1.61 10.2 8.2 0.20 1970 605.6 3.51 17.2 40.6 0.17 6.7 3.56 3.67 16.9 12.0 0.29 1971 648.9 3.76 18.8 54.0 0.22 8.7 3.95 4.08 18.3 17.3 0.41 1972 630.5 3.66 18.2 56.7 0.23 8.9 4.17 4.28 19.3 19.0 0.44 1973 604.3 3.51 18.0 54.9 0.22 8.7 4.37 4.46 20.1 24.2 0.57 1974 570.2 3.31 17.8 61.9 0.25 10.1 4.75 4.87 22.9 32.1 0.74 1975 531.5 3.08 17.4 59.7 0.24 10.0 4.57 4.67 23.8 43.6 1.00 1976 525.7 3.05 17.7 57.2 0.23 9.7 4.81 4.91 25.2 86.4 1.98 1977 535.0 3.10 17.8 57.4 0.23 9.7 4.94 5.04 25.8 74.8 1.69 1978 523.6 3.04 16.5 25.9 0.10 4.5 5.60 5.71 29.3 79.2 1.76 1979 519.8 3.01 16.7 11.9 0.05 2.1 5.93 6.05 30.1 84.9 1.91 1980 510.4 2.96 16.2 10.5 0.04 1.8 5.85 6.01 30.2 92.9 2.08 1981 529.3 3.07 16.9 12.3 0.05 2.1 6.15 6.31 32.1 138.8 3.10 1982 552.3 3.20 17.5 15.0 0.06 2.7 5.97 6.14 33.5 130.0 2.89 1983 568.8 3.30 17.9 14.0 0.05 2.5 5.17 5.33 32.1 124.3 2.74 1984 595.8 3.46 18.3 25.4 0.10 4.3 5.88 6.07 33.7 136.3 3.00 1985 628.3 3.64 19.2 26.6 0.10 4.5 5.24 5.41 31.8 184.6 4.04 1986 608.4 3.53 19.2 23.3 0.09 4.1 4.87 5.01 30.3 189.7 4.16 1987 577.3 3.35 18.9 23.7 0.09 4.1 5.56 5.73 33.4 195.2 4.28 1988 516.3 2.99 17.3 37.0 0.14 6.2 5.45 5.61 31.9 225.4 4.92 1989 488.9 2.84 17.6 45.1 0.17 8.0 5.32 5.49 30.7 236.3 5.14 1990 515.9 2.99 19.2 50.9 0.19 8.9 6.55 6.74 36.8 280.6 6.12 1991 491.0 2.85 18.1 72.7 0.28 12.0 5.99 6.17 33.8 285.1 6.18 1992 529.1 3.07 20.2 70.7 0.27 11.4 6.25 6.43 35.0 266.7 5.78 1993 529.3 3.07 21.2 64.4 0.24 10.2 6.56 6.74 36.3 285.7 6.12 1994 527.7 3.06 21.7 60.0 0.23 9.5 6.78 6.97 36.0 321.4 6.88 1995 567.4 3.29 23.7 74.0 0.28 11.5 6.78 6.96 36.4 376.9 8.04 1996 596.5 3.46 25.2 71.2 0.27 10.6 7.31 7.50 38.8 354.5 7.56 1997 632.8 3.67 26.9 74.7 0.28 11.3 7.43 7.62 39.3 362.6 7.72 1998 5606.3 53.52 526.6 560.3 50.23 59.4 57.06 57.27 537.1 371.1 7.95 1999 6628.9 63.65 629.3 666.5 60.25 69.9 67.24 67.44 638.4 414.5 8.73 2000 689.2 4.00 32.3 88.9 0.33 12.7 7.14 7.32 37.2 440.2 9.27 

Fiscal-Year Data 7

2001 R676.5 R3.92 R32.0 R93.0 R0.35 R14.0 R6.98 R7.18 35.7 R425.4 R8.89 2002 R647.8 R3.76 R30.5 R106.5 R0.40 R15.2 R6.78 R6.97 R35.4 R507.8 R10.52 2003 8422.6 82.45 820.4 R101.0 0.38 R16.0 R6.01 R6.19 R31.5 R446.7 R9.18 2004 356.4 2.07 17.7 110.7 0.41 16.8 7.38 7.59 39.1 551.1 11.27 2005 439.9 2.55 22.8 96.6 0.36 14.8 6.70 6.89 36.3 431.0 8.77 

1 Includes only those quantities for which the royalties were paid on the basis of the value of the natural

gas plant liquids produced. Additional quantities of natural gas plant liquids were produced; however, theroyalties paid were based on the value of natural gas processed. These latter quantities are included withnatural gas. 2 Includes some quantities of natural gas processed into liquids at natural gas processing plants andfractionators. 3 Data from the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Minerals Management Service (MMS), arefor sales volumes. 4 Through 2000, data are on a calendar-year (January through December) basis. The only exception isin 1949-1974 with production from Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1, which is on a fiscal-year (July throughJune) basis. 5 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1997 and 1998 due to the sale of "Elk Hills," NavalPetroleum Reserve No. 1.

6 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1998 and 1999; beginning in 1999 Naval Petroleum

Reserve data have become insignificant and are no longer included.

7 Beginning in 2001, data are on a fiscal-year (October through September) basis; for example,

fiscal-year 2005 data are for October 2004 through September 2005. 8 A significant amount of Federal offshore crude oil was diverted to the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.

R=Revised. Note: "Federally Administered Lands" include all classes of land owned by the Federal Government,

including acquired military, Outer Continental Shelf, and public la

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http:/

• For related information, see http://www.mrm.mms.gov.

Sources: Physical Data (Columns 1, 4, 7, and 10): • 19

Gas Production, Royalty Income, and Production, Royalty InPhosphate, Potash, Sodium, and Other Mineral Production, Ro1981); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Naval Petunpublished data; and U.S. Geological Survey, National Petrol• 1981-1983—DOI, MMS, Mineral Revenues Report on Receipreports; DOE, NPOSR, unpublished data; and U.S. GeologicaAlaska, unpublished data. • 1984-1998—DOI, MMS, Mineral Rand Indian Leases, annual reports; and DOE, NPOSR, unpublisMineral Revenues Report on Receipts from Federal and Americforward—DOI, MMS, "2001-Forward MRM Statistical Information11 are calculated by multiplying the physical data by approximaTables A2, A4, and A5. Data in column 13 are the sum of the oPercentages are calculated by dividing production on federally athen multiplying by 100. Calendar-year values for total U.S. profiscal-year values for total U.S. production are the sum of OcEnergy Review (May 2006), Tables 3.1a, 4.1, and 6.1.
Figure 1.15 Fossil Fuel Consumption for Nonfuel Use

Total, 1980-2005 As Share of Total Energy Consumption, 1980-2By Fuel, 2005 By Petroleum Product, 200532 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases.2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, waxes, and miscellaneous products.

(s)=Less than 0.05 quadrillion Btu.

Notes: • See Note, “Nonfuel Use of Fossil Fuels,” at end o

scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 1.15.

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

2

468

Quadrillion Btu

Natural Gas

1980 1985 1990 199

0

2

468

Percent

Total

Petroleum Products

Coal

5.5

0.7

(s)

Petroleum Products Natural Gas Coal

0

2

46

Quadrillion Btu

1.5

1.4 1.4

0.6

0.3

LPG1 Petro- Asphalt Petro- Lubri- 

0.00.6

1.2

1.8

Quadrillion Btu

and

Road Oil

leum cants

Coke

chemical 

Feedstocks
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 1.15 Fossil Fuel Consumption for Nonfuel Use, 1980-2005

Year

Petroleum Products

Natural

Gas Coal 

Asphalt

and

Road Oil

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Pentanes

Plus Lubricants

Petrochemical

Feedstocks

Petroleum

Coke

Special

Naphthas Other 1 Total

Physical Units 2

1980 145 230 3 ( ) 58 253 24 37 58 805 639 2.4 1981 125 229 3 ( ) 56 216 29 27 54 736 507 2.1 1982 125 256 3 ( ) 51 157 23 25 48 686 438 1.4 1983 136 264 3 ( ) 53 151 10 30 45 689 441 1.2 1984 150 247 10 57 145 16 40 41 705 495 1.5 1985 156 265 13 53 144 15 30 41 718 500 1.1 1986 164 248 17 52 169 14 25 38 727 496 0.7 1987 170 303 12 59 170 24 28 36 802 578 0.8 1988 171 319 21 57 173 25 22 40 827 554 0.7 1989 165 332 17 58 172 23 20 39 827 563 0.6 1990 176 344 18 60 199 30 20 39 886 562 0.6 1991 162 394 10 53 200 25 17 44 906 573 0.6 1992 166 397 13 54 214 38 20 35 R937 594 1.2 1993 174 389 60 55 216 21 20 33 969 607 0.9 1994 176 437 56 58 222 23 15 35 1,022 673 0.9 1995 178 450 66 57 215 22 13 34 1,035 668 0.9 1996 177 470 69 55 217 25 14 34 1,061 680 0.9 1997 184 473 65 58 250 20 14 35 1,100 705 0.9 1998 190 494 44 61 252 35 20 39 1,137 762 0.8 1999 200 520 57 62 238 47 28 37 1,188 753 0.8 2000 192 479 51 61 243 23 19 38 1,106 R767 0.8 2001 189 445 44 56 214 34 15 39 1,036 R733 0.7 2002 187 465 37 55 229 32 20 R38 R1,063 R657 0.7 2003 184 441 37 51 247 27 15 R36 R1,038 R657 0.7 2004 R196 R453 37 R52 R287 R42 R10 R34 R1,112 R657 0.7 2005P 203 419 33 50 250 94 11 33 1,093 657 0.7 

Quadrillion Btu

1980 0.96 0.78 3 ( ) 0.35 1.43 0.14 0.19 0.34 4.19 0.65 0.08 1981 0.83 0.77 3 ( ) 0.34 1.21 0.17 0.14 0.31 3.78 0.52 0.07 1982 0.83 0.87 3 ( ) 0.31 0.88 0.14 0.13 0.28 3.44 0.45 0.04 1983 0.90 0.89 3 ( ) 0.32 0.85 0.06 0.16 0.26 3.45 0.45 0.04 1984 0.99 0.84 0.05 0.35 0.82 0.09 0.21 0.24 3.58 0.51 0.05 1985 1.03 0.90 0.06 0.32 0.82 0.09 0.16 0.24 3.63 0.52 0.03 1986 1.09 0.85 0.08 0.31 0.95 0.08 0.13 0.22 3.72 0.51 0.02 1987 1.13 1.06 0.06 0.36 0.96 0.14 0.14 0.21 4.06 0.60 0.03 1988 1.14 1.11 0.10 0.34 0.97 0.15 0.11 0.23 4.16 0.57 0.02 1989 1.10 1.18 0.08 0.35 0.96 0.14 0.11 0.23 4.14 0.58 0.02 1990 1.17 1.20 0.08 0.36 1.12 0.18 0.11 0.23 4.45 0.58 0.02 1991 1.08 1.38 0.04 0.32 1.15 0.15 0.09 0.26 4.47 0.59 0.02 1992 1.10 1.39 0.06 0.33 1.20 0.23 0.10 0.20 4.63 0.61 0.04 1993 1.15 1.35 0.28 0.34 1.22 0.12 0.10 0.20 4.76 0.62 0.03 1994 1.17 1.55 0.26 0.35 1.26 0.14 0.08 0.20 5.01 0.69 0.03 1995 1.18 1.59 0.30 0.35 1.21 0.13 0.07 0.20 5.03 0.69 0.03 1996 1.18 1.65 0.32 0.34 1.21 0.15 0.07 0.20 5.11 0.70 0.03 1997 1.22 1.67 0.30 0.35 1.40 0.12 0.07 0.21 5.34 0.72 0.03 1998 1.26 1.74 0.20 0.37 1.40 0.21 0.11 0.23 5.54 0.79 0.03 1999 1.32 1.82 0.26 0.37 1.33 0.28 0.15 0.22 5.76 0.77 0.03 2000 1.28 1.67 0.24 0.37 1.35 0.14 0.10 0.22 5.35 0.79 0.03 2001 1.26 1.55 0.20 0.34 1.19 0.21 0.08 0.23 5.06 0.76 0.02 2002 1.24 1.62 0.17 0.33 1.27 0.19 0.10 R0.22 R5.16 R0.67 0.02 2003 1.22 1.55 0.17 0.31 1.37 0.16 0.08 R0.21 R5.07 R0.67 0.02 2004 R1.30 R1.58 0.17 R0.31 R1.59 R0.25 R0.05 R0.20 R5.46 R0.67 0.02 2005P 1.35 1.46 0.15 0.31 1.38 0.57 0.06 0.19 5.46 0.67 0.02 

1 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, waxes, and miscellaneous products. 2 Petroleum—million barrels; natural gas—billion cubic feet; and coal—million short tons. 3 Included in "Liquefied Petroleum Gases."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. Notes: • Estimates of consumption for nonfuel use shown in this table are included in total energy

consumption (see Table 1.3). • See Note, "Nonfuel Use of Fossil Fuels," at end of section. • Because of changes in methodology, data series may be revised annually. • Estimates of nonfuel use in this table areconsidered industrial uses with the exception of approximately half of the lubricants which are consideredtransportation use. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/envSources: Petroleum Products: • 1980—Energy Information 

Reports, Petroleum Statement, Annual and Sales of Liquefied Petr• 1981 forward—EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual, annual reports, an• 1980—Bureau of the Census, 1980 Survey of Manufactures, HydConsumed. • 1981 forward—U.S. Department of Commerce. CoaTrade Commission, Synthetic Organic Chemicals, United States Pr1997). • 1996 forward—EIA estimates. Percent of Total Energy total by total consumption on Table 1.3.
Energy Overview

Note. Nonfuel Use of Fossil Fuels. Most fossil fuels consumed in the UnitedStates and elsewhere are combusted to produce heat and power. However, some areused directly for nonfuel use as construction materials, lubricants, chemical feedstocks, solvents, and waxes. For example, asphalt and road oil are used for roofingand paving; liquefied petroleum gases are used to create intermediate products thatare used in making plastics; lubricants, including motor oil and greases, are used in

vehicles and various industrial processes; petroche

make plastics, synthetic fabrics, and related producmake nitrogenous fertilizers and as feedstock in the information, see Energy Information AdministratioGases in the United States” (“Nonfuel Use of Energy athttp://www.eia.doe.gov/environment.html.

34 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Energy Consumption by S

2

Office buildings, industries, residences, and transport systems, Baltimore, Maryland; east view from the inSource: U.S. Department of Energy.
Figure 2.1a Energy Consumption by Sector Overview

Total Consumption by End-Use Sector, 1949-2005 End-Use Sector Shares of Total Consumption, Primary and Total Consumption by Sector, 2005 Electric Power Sector, 1949-200536 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Conventional hydroelectric power, biomass, geothermal, solar, and wind.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Sources: Tables 2.1a and 2.1f.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

10203040

Quadrillion Btu

Industrial

Transportation

Residential

22%

Transportation

28%

32%

Co

18%

Residential

Commercial

Natural Gas

Rene

En

21.9

18.0

32.0

28.1

39.9

7.0

4.1

20.9

28.0

Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation Electric

0

1020304050

Quadrillion Btu

Primary Consumption Total Consumption

Power

1950 1960 1970 1980 

05

10152025

Quadrillion Btu
Figure 2.1b Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector, 1949-2005

Residential, By Major Source Commercial, By Major SourceIndustrial, By Major Source Transportation, By Major Source

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Natural 

1 Electrical system energy losses associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution of energy in the form of electricity. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not 

Sources: Tables 2.1b–2.1e.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

12

Quadrillion Btu Natural Gas

Natural Gas

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

2

468

10

12

Quadrillion Btu

Electrical

Losses1

Electrical

Losses1

Biomass

Biomass

Coal Coal

Petroleum

Electricity

Petroleum

Petro

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0369

12

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 1970 1980 

07

14

21

28

Quadrillion Btu Electricity

Natural Gas

Coal
38 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 2.1a Energy Consumption by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

End-Use Sectors Electric

Power

Sector 3

Residential Commercial 1 Industrial 2 Transportation

Primary Total Primary Total Primary Total Primary Total Primary

1949 4,475 5,614 2,661 3,661 12,627 14,717 7,880 7,990 4,339 1950 4,848 6,007 2,824 3,883 13,881 16,233 8,384 8,493 4,679 1955 5,633 7,303 2,548 3,882 16,091 19,472 9,475 9,551 6,461 1960 6,689 9,078 2,702 4,589 16,977 20,823 10,560 10,597 8,158 1965 7,328 10,689 3,150 5,820 20,124 25,075 12,400 12,434 11,014 1970 8,353 13,798 4,196 8,307 22,975 29,641 16,061 16,098 16,259 1971 8,457 14,278 4,283 8,681 22,732 29,601 16,693 16,729 17,124 1972 8,655 14,891 4,369 9,145 23,532 30,953 17,681 17,716 18,466 1973 8,250 14,930 4,381 9,507 24,741 32,653 18,576 18,612 19,753 1974 7,928 14,683 4,221 9,363 23,816 31,819 18,086 18,119 19,933 1975 8,006 14,842 4,023 9,466 21,454 29,447 18,209 18,244 20,307 1976 8,408 15,441 4,333 10,035 22,685 31,430 19,065 19,099 21,513 1977 8,207 15,689 4,217 10,177 23,193 32,307 19,784 19,820 22,591 1978 8,272 16,156 4,269 10,481 23,276 32,733 20,580 20,615 23,587 1979 7,934 15,842 4,333 10,627 24,211 33,962 20,436 20,471 23,987 1980 R7,495 R15,839 4,097 10,594 22,673 32,152 19,658 19,696 24,359 1981 R7,104 R15,354 3,831 10,638 21,404 30,836 19,476 19,513 24,525 1982 R7,196 R15,610 3,859 10,880 19,113 27,704 19,051 19,088 24,063 1983 R6,879 R15,504 3,827 10,952 18,598 27,511 19,133 19,176 24,705 1984 R7,180 R15,965 4,043 11,517 20,219 29,654 19,608 19,655 25,741 1985 R7,197 R16,134 3,714 11,471 19,473 28,891 20,042 20,089 26,158 1986 R6,956 R16,070 3,674 11,628 19,092 28,334 20,741 20,790 26,359 1987 R6,970 R16,357 3,752 11,965 19,960 29,433 21,421 21,471 27,124 1988 R7,402 R17,222 3,974 12,597 20,868 30,728 22,268 22,320 28,354 1989 R7,616 R17,895 R4,021 R13,225 20,883 31,390 22,426 22,480 330,044 1990 R6,603 R17,055 R3,877 R13,359 21,209 31,904 22,368 22,421 30,684 1991 R6,788 R17,527 R3,923 R13,536 20,843 31,483 22,067 22,120 31,046 1992 R6,994 R17,465 R3,969 R13,479 21,770 32,653 22,365 22,418 30,916 1993 R7,187 R18,329 R3,952 R13,861 R21,759 R32,703 22,716 22,770 32,047 1994 R7,019 R18,218 R3,996 R14,135 22,384 33,577 23,312 23,367 32,586 1995 R6,973 R18,613 R4,080 R14,722 22,706 34,013 23,793 23,849 33,644 1996 R7,500 R19,598 R4,252 R15,205 23,428 34,979 24,384 24,439 34,658 1997 R7,075 R19,068 R4,273 R15,717 23,684 35,257 24,697 24,752 35,065 1998 R6,447 R19,052 R3,979 R16,003 23,166 34,891 25,203 25,259 36,409 1999 R6,817 R19,662 R4,022 R16,406 22,938 34,811 25,894 25,951 37,159 2000 R7,200 R20,527 R4,241 R17,197 22,805 34,698 26,492 26,552 38,237 2001 6,909 R20,228 R4,070 R17,279 21,796 R32,713 26,216 R26,274 37,502 2002 R6,954 R20,946 R4,126 R17,450 21,771 R32,719 26,786 R26,846 R38,325 2003 R7,233 R21,235 R4,248 R17,409 R21,486 R32,607 R26,950 R27,025 38,359 2004 R7,063 R21,287 R4,224 R17,738 R22,241 R33,440 R27,873 R27,951 R39,014 2005P 7,025 21,874 4,148 17,968 20,890 31,982 27,975 28,065 39,851 

1 Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial

electricity-only plants.

2 Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only

plants.

3 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers.

4 A balancing item. The sum of primary consumption in the five energy-use sectors equals the sum of

total consumption in the four end-use sectors. However, total energy consumption does not equal the sum

of the sectoral components due to the use of sector-specific conv

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Notes: • Primary consumption includes coal, natural 

conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, alcohol fuelsimports, and electricity net imports. • Total consumption inclusales, and electrical system energy losses. See Note, "Elecsection. • See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into E• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 2.1b-2.1f.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.1b Residential Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Primary Consumption

Electric

Retai

Sales 

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy 1

Total

Coal Natural Gas Primary 2 Petroleum Total Biomass 3 Geothermal 4 Solar 5 Total

1949 1,272 1,027 1,121 3,420 1,055 NA NA 1,055 4,475 228 1950 1,261 1,240 1,340 3,842 1,006 NA NA 1,006 4,848 246 1955 867 2,198 1,792 4,858 775 NA NA 775 5,633 438 1960 585 3,212 2,265 6,062 627 NA NA 627 6,689 687 1965 352 4,028 2,481 6,860 468 NA NA 468 7,328 993 1970 209 4,987 2,755 7,952 401 NA NA 401 8,353 1,591 1971 172 5,126 2,777 8,075 382 NA NA 382 8,457 1,704 1972 116 5,264 2,895 8,276 380 NA NA 380 8,655 1,838 1973 94 4,977 2,825 7,896 354 NA NA 354 8,250 1,976 1974 82 4,901 2,573 7,557 371 NA NA 371 7,928 1,973 1975 63 5,023 2,495 7,580 425 NA NA 425 8,006 2,007 1976 59 5,147 2,720 7,927 482 NA NA 482 8,408 2,069 1977 57 4,913 2,695 7,666 542 NA NA 542 8,207 2,202 1978 49 4,981 2,620 7,651 622 NA NA 622 8,272 2,301 1979 37 5,055 2,114 7,206 728 NA NA 728 7,934 2,330 1980 31 4,866 1,748 6,645 R850 NA NA R850 R7,495 2,448 1981 30 4,660 1,543 6,234 R870 NA NA R870 R7,104 2,464 1982 32 4,753 1,441 6,226 R970 NA NA R970 R7,196 2,489 1983 31 4,516 1,362 5,909 R970 NA NA R970 R6,879 2,562 1984 40 4,692 1,468 6,200 R980 NA NA R980 R7,180 2,662 1985 39 4,571 1,578 6,187 R1,010 NA NA R1,010 R7,197 2,709 1986 40 4,439 1,556 6,036 R920 NA NA R920 R6,956 2,795 1987 37 4,449 1,634 6,120 R850 NA NA R850 R6,970 2,902 1988 37 4,765 1,690 6,492 R910 NA NA R910 R7,402 3,046 1989 31 4,929 1,679 6,639 R920 5 53 R978 R7,616 3,090 1990 31 4,523 1,407 5,961 R580 6 56 R641 R6,603 3,153 1991 25 4,697 1,392 6,114 R610 6 58 R674 R6,788 3,260 1992 26 4,835 1,427 6,288 R640 6 60 R706 R6,994 3,193 1993 26 5,095 1,448 6,569 R550 7 62 R618 R7,187 3,394 1994 21 4,988 1,420 6,429 R520 6 64 R590 R7,019 3,441 1995 17 4,981 1,383 6,382 R520 7 65 R591 R6,973 3,557 1996 17 5,383 1,488 6,888 R540 7 65 R612 R7,500 3,694 1997 16 5,118 1,428 6,562 R440 8 65 R513 R7,075 3,671 1998 12 4,669 1,314 5,995 R380 8 65 R452 R6,447 3,856 1999 14 4,858 1,473 6,345 R400 9 64 R472 R6,817 3,906 2000 11 5,126 1,563 6,701 R430 9 61 R500 R7,200 4,069 2001 12 4,919 1,539 6,470 370 9 60 439 6,909 R4,098 2002 R12 5,031 1,462 R6,505 R380 10 59 R449 R6,954 R4,318 2003 R12 R5,247 1,503 R6,762 R400 R13 58 R471 R7,233 R4,346 2004 R14 R5,016 R1,550 R6,581 R410 R14 R59 R483 R7,063 R4,414 2005P 13 4,982 1,536 6,530 420 16 59 495 7,025 4,644 

1 All values are estimated; see Table 10.2a. 2 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 3 Wood. 4 Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy. 5 Solar thermal direct use energy and photovoltaic electricity generation. Includes a small amount of

commercial sector use. 

6 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other

energy service providers.

7 Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consum

energy content of electricity retail sales. Total losses are allocaeach sector’s share of total electricity retail sales. See Note, "Esection.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 2.1f, 5.14a, 6.5, 7.3, 8.9, 10.2a, A4, A5, and 
40 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 2.1c Commercial Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Primary Consumption

Electr

Reta

Sale

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy 1

Total

Coal Natural Gas Primary 2 Petroleum Total

Hydroelectric

Power 3 Biomass 4 Geothermal 5 Total

1949 1,554 360 727 2,641 NA 20 NA 20 2,661 201950 1,542 401 862 2,805 NA 19 NA 19 2,824 221955 801 651 1,081 2,533 NA 15 NA 15 2,548 351960 407 1,056 1,228 2,690 NA 12 NA 12 2,702 541965 265 1,490 1,386 3,142 NA 9 NA 9 3,150 781970 165 2,473 1,551 4,189 NA 8 NA 8 4,196 1,201971 179 2,587 1,510 4,276 NA 7 NA 7 4,283 1,281972 153 2,678 1,530 4,362 NA 7 NA 7 4,369 1,401973 160 2,649 1,565 4,374 NA 7 NA 7 4,381 1,511974 175 2,617 1,423 4,214 NA 7 NA 7 4,221 1,501975 147 2,558 1,310 4,015 NA 8 NA 8 4,023 1,591976 144 2,718 1,461 4,323 NA 9 NA 9 4,333 1,671977 148 2,548 1,511 4,207 NA 10 NA 10 4,217 1,751978 165 2,643 1,450 4,257 NA 12 NA 12 4,269 1,811979 149 2,836 1,334 4,319 NA 14 NA 14 4,333 1,851980 115 2,674 1,287 4,076 NA 21 NA 21 4,097 1,901981 137 2,583 1,090 3,810 NA 21 NA 21 3,831 2,031982 155 2,673 1,008 3,837 NA 22 NA 22 3,859 2,071983 162 2,508 1,136 3,805 NA 22 NA 22 3,827 2,111984 169 2,600 1,252 4,021 NA 22 NA 22 4,043 2,261985 137 2,508 1,045 3,690 NA 24 NA 24 3,714 2,351986 135 2,386 1,126 3,647 NA 27 NA 27 3,674 2,431987 125 2,505 1,093 3,723 NA 29 NA 29 3,752 2,531988 131 2,748 1,063 3,942 NA 32 NA 32 3,974 2,671989 115 2,802 1,002 3,919 1 R98 3 R102 R4,021 2,761990 124 2,701 953 3,779 1 R94 3 R98 R3,877 2,861991 116 2,813 895 3,824 1 R95 3 R99 R3,923 2,911992 117 2,890 854 3,860 1 R104 3 R109 R3,969 2,901993 117 2,942 780 3,839 1 R109 3 R113 R3,952 3,011994 118 2,979 787 3,885 1 R106 4 R111 R3,996 3,111995 117 3,113 732 3,962 1 R113 5 R118 R4,080 3,251996 122 3,244 751 4,116 1 R129 5 R135 R4,252 3,341997 129 3,302 704 4,135 1 R131 6 R138 R4,273 3,501998 93 3,098 661 3,853 1 R118 7 R127 R3,979 3,671999 103 3,130 661 3,894 1 R121 7 R128 R4,022 3,762000 92 3,265 756 4,113 1 R119 8 R127 R4,241 3,952001 97 3,116 742 3,955 1 R106 8 R115 R4,070 R4,062002 R90 3,235 681 R4,006 (s) R111 9 R120 R4,126 R4,112003 R82 R3,284 751 R4,117 1 R119 R11 R131 R4,248 R4,082004 R101 R3,226 R758 R4,085 1 R126 R12 R139 R4,224 R4,192005P 101 3,146 771 4,018 1 116 14 130 4,148 4,32

1 All values are estimated; see Table 10.2a. 2 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 3 Conventional hydroelectric power. 4 Wood and waste. 5 Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy. 6 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other

energy service providers.

7 Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric power sector minus the

energy content of electricity retail sales. Total losses are allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to

each sector’s share of total electricity retail sales. See Note, "E

section.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • The commercial sector includes commercial combin

electricity-only plants. See Note 2, "Classification of Power PSection 8. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to in

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 2.1f, 5.14a, 6.5, 7.3, 8.9, 10.2a, A4, A5, and 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.1d Industrial Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Primary Consumption

Ele

R

S

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy 1

Total

Coal Primary

Coal Coke

Net Imports

Natural

Gas 2 Petroleum Total

Hydroelectric

Power 3 Biomass 4 Geothermal 5 Total

1949 5,433 -7 3,188 3,468 12,083 76 468 NA 544 12,627 1950 5,781 1 3,546 3,951 13,279 69 532 NA 602 13,881 1955 5,620 -10 4,701 5,111 15,421 38 631 NA 669 16,091 1960 4,543 -6 5,973 5,747 16,258 39 680 NA 719 16,977 1965 5,127 -18 7,339 6,789 19,236 33 855 NA 888 20,124 1970 4,656 -58 9,536 7,787 21,922 34 1,019 NA 1,053 22,975 1971 3,944 -33 9,892 7,856 21,659 34 1,040 NA 1,074 22,732 21972 3,993 -26 9,884 8,534 22,385 34 1,113 NA 1,147 23,532 21973 4,057 -7 10,388 9,104 23,541 35 1,165 NA 1,200 24,741 21974 3,870 56 10,004 8,694 22,624 33 1,159 NA 1,192 23,816 21975 3,667 14 8,532 8,146 20,359 32 1,063 NA 1,096 21,454 21976 3,661 (s) 8,762 9,010 21,432 33 1,220 NA 1,253 22,685 21977 3,454 15 8,635 9,774 21,879 33 1,281 NA 1,314 23,193 21978 3,314 125 8,539 9,867 21,845 32 1,400 NA 1,432 23,276 21979 3,593 63 8,549 10,568 22,773 34 1,405 NA 1,439 24,211 21980 3,155 -35 8,395 9,525 21,040 33 1,600 NA 1,633 22,673 21981 3,157 -16 8,257 8,285 19,682 33 1,689 NA 1,722 21,404 21982 2,552 -22 7,121 7,795 17,446 33 1,634 NA 1,667 19,113 21983 2,490 -16 6,826 7,420 16,720 33 1,845 NA 1,879 18,598 21984 2,842 -11 7,448 8,025 18,303 33 1,883 NA 1,916 20,219 21985 2,760 -13 7,080 7,738 17,565 33 1,875 NA 1,908 19,473 21986 2,641 -17 6,690 7,880 17,194 33 1,866 NA 1,899 19,092 21987 2,673 9 7,323 8,065 18,069 33 1,858 NA 1,891 19,960 21988 2,828 40 7,696 8,339 18,902 33 1,933 NA 1,965 20,868 1989 2,787 30 8,131 8,120 19,068 28 1,784 2 1,814 20,883 1990 2,756 5 8,502 8,278 19,542 31 1,634 2 1,667 21,209 1991 2,601 10 8,619 7,987 19,216 30 1,595 2 1,626 20,843 1992 2,515 35 8,967 8,581 20,098 31 1,640 2 1,672 21,770 1993 2,496 27 9,120 8,418 20,062 30 R1,666 2 R1,697 R21,759 1994 2,510 58 9,172 8,801 20,540 62 1,779 3 1,844 22,384 1995 2,488 61 9,637 8,614 20,801 55 1,847 3 1,905 22,706 1996 2,434 23 9,947 9,053 21,457 61 R1,907 3 R1,971 23,428 1997 2,395 46 9,976 9,290 21,708 58 1,915 3 1,976 23,684 1998 2,335 67 9,806 9,116 21,324 55 1,784 3 1,841 23,166 1999 2,227 58 9,415 9,396 21,095 49 1,791 4 1,843 22,938 2000 2,256 65 9,535 9,120 20,977 42 1,781 4 1,828 22,805 2001 2,192 29 8,725 9,220 20,166 33 1,593 5 1,630 21,796 R2002 2,019 61 8,870 9,213 20,163 39 1,565 5 1,608 21,771 R2003 2,041 51 R8,546 9,269 R19,906 43 1,533 R3 R1,580 R21,486 R2004 R2,047 138 R8,574 R9,808 R20,567 R33 R1,638 R4 R1,674 R22,241 R2005P 1,964 44 7,941 9,530 19,479 32 1,374 4 1,410 20,890 

1 All values are estimated; see Table 10.2a. 2 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 3 Conventional hydroelectric power. 4 Wood and waste. 5 Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy. 6 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other

energy service providers.

7 Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric power sector minus the

energy content of electricity retail sales. Total losses are allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to

each sector’s share of total electricity retail sales. See Note, "E

section.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less t

trillion Btu.

Notes: • The industrial sector includes industrial combi

electricity-only plants. See Note 2, "Classification of Power PSection 8. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to in

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 2.1f, 5.14b, 6.5, 7.3, 7.7, 8.9, 10.2a, A4, A5, 
42 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 2.1e Transportation Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Primary Consumption

Electricity

Retail

Sales 5

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy

Total

Primary Coal Natural Gas 1 Petroleum 2,3 Total Biomass 3,4 3

1949 1,727 NA 6,152 7,880 NA 7,880 22 1950 1,564 130 6,690 8,384 NA 8,384 23 1955 421 254 8,800 9,475 NA 9,475 20 1960 75 359 10,126 10,560 NA 10,560 10 1965 16 517 11,868 12,400 NA 12,400 10 1970 7 745 15,310 16,061 NA 16,061 11 1971 5 766 15,923 16,693 NA 16,693 10 1972 4 787 16,891 17,681 NA 17,681 10 1973 3 743 17,831 18,576 NA 18,576 11 1974 2 685 17,399 18,086 NA 18,086 10 1975 1 595 17,614 18,209 NA 18,209 10 1976 (s) 559 18,506 19,065 NA 19,065 10 1977 (s) 543 19,241 19,784 NA 19,784 10 1978 7 ( ) 539 20,041 20,580 NA 20,580 10 1979 7 ( ) 612 19,825 20,436 NA 20,436 10 1980 7 ( ) 650 19,008 19,658 NA 19,658 11 1981 7 ( ) 658 18,811 19,469 7 19,476 11 1982 7 ( ) 612 18,420 19,032 19 19,051 11 1983 7 ( ) 505 18,593 19,098 35 19,133 13 1984 7 ( ) 545 19,020 19,565 43 19,608 14 1985 7 ( ) 519 19,471 19,990 52 20,042 14 1986 7 ( ) 499 20,182 20,681 60 20,741 15 1987 7 ( ) 535 20,816 21,352 69 21,421 16 1988 7 ( ) 632 21,567 22,198 70 22,268 16 1989 7 ( ) 649 21,706 22,355 71 22,426 16 1990 7 ( ) 680 21,625 22,305 63 22,368 16 1991 7 ( ) 620 21,373 21,994 73 22,067 16 1992 7 ( ) 608 21,674 22,282 83 22,365 16 1993 7 ( ) 645 322,072 22,716 397 322,716 16 1994 7 ( ) 709 22,603 23,312 109 23,312 17 1995 7 ( ) 724 23,069 23,793 117 23,793 17 1996 7 ( ) 737 23,647 24,384 84 24,384 17 1997 7 ( ) 780 23,917 24,697 106 24,697 17 1998 7 ( ) 666 24,537 25,203 117 25,203 17 1999 7 ( ) 675 25,218 25,894 122 25,894 17 2000 7 ( ) 672 25,820 26,492 139 26,492 18 2001 7 ( ) 659 25,556 26,216 147 26,216 R18 2002 7 ( ) 702 26,084 26,786 R175 26,786 19 2003 7 ( ) R630 26,320 R26,950 R238 R26,950 R23 2004 7 ( ) R608 R27,265 R27,873 R299 R27,873 R24 2005P 7 ( ) 600 27,375 27,975 340 27,975 28 

1 Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines (primarily in compressors) and small amounts

consumed as vehicle fuel. See Table 6.5.

2 Beginning in 1993, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 3 Beginning in 1993, ethanol blended into motor gasoline is included in both "Petroleum" and "Biomass,"

but is counted only once in both total primary consumption and total consumption.

4 Alcohol fuels (ethanol blended into motor gasoline). 5 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other

energy service providers.

6 Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric power sector minus the

energy content of electricity retail sales. Total losses are alloca

each sector’s share of total electricity retail sales. See Note, "Esection. 7 Since 1978, the small amounts of coal consumed for tranconsumption.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 2.1f, 5.14c, 6.5, 7.3, 8.9, 10.2b, A4, A5, and 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.1f Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Primary Consumption

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Renewable Energy

Coal 

Natural

Gas 1 Petroleum Total

Hydroelectric

Power 2 Biomass 3 Geothermal Solar Wind 

1949 1,995 569 415 2,979 0 1,349 6 NA NA NA 1950 2,199 651 472 3,322 0 1,346 5 NA NA NA 1955 3,458 1,194 471 5,123 0 1,322 3 NA NA NA 1960 4,228 1,785 553 6,565 6 1,569 2 1 NA NA 1965 5,821 2,395 722 8,938 43 2,026 3 4 NA NA 21970 7,227 4,054 2,117 13,399 239 2,600 4 11 NA NA 21971 7,299 4,099 2,495 13,893 413 2,790 3 12 NA NA 21972 7,811 4,084 3,097 14,992 584 2,829 3 31 NA NA 21973 8,658 3,748 3,515 15,921 910 2,827 3 43 NA NA 21974 8,534 3,519 3,365 15,418 1,272 3,143 3 53 NA NA 1975 8,786 3,240 3,166 15,191 1,900 3,122 2 70 NA NA 1976 9,720 3,152 3,477 16,349 2,111 2,943 3 78 NA NA 1977 10,262 3,284 3,901 17,446 2,702 2,301 5 77 NA NA 21978 10,238 3,297 3,987 17,522 3,024 2,905 3 64 NA NA 21979 11,260 3,613 3,283 18,156 2,776 2,897 5 84 NA NA 21980 12,123 3,810 2,634 18,567 2,739 2,867 5 110 NA NA 21981 12,583 3,768 2,202 18,553 3,008 2,725 4 123 NA NA 21982 12,582 3,342 1,568 17,491 3,131 3,233 3 105 NA NA 1983 13,213 2,998 1,544 17,754 3,203 3,494 4 129 NA (s) 1984 14,019 3,220 1,286 18,526 3,553 3,353 9 165 (s) (s) 1985 14,542 3,160 1,090 18,792 4,076 2,937 14 198 (s) (s) 1986 14,444 2,691 1,452 18,586 4,380 3,038 12 219 (s) (s) 1987 15,173 2,935 1,257 19,365 4,754 2,602 15 229 (s) (s) 21988 15,850 2,709 1,563 20,123 5,587 2,302 17 217 (s) (s) 219895 16,137 3,192 1,703 21,032 5,602 2,808 232 308 3 22 1990 16,261 3,332 1,289 20,883 6,104 3,014 317 326 4 29 1991 16,250 3,399 1,198 20,847 6,422 2,985 354 335 5 31 1992 16,466 3,534 991 20,990 6,479 2,586 402 338 4 30 1993 17,196 3,560 1,124 21,880 6,410 2,861 415 351 5 31 1994 17,261 4,000 1,059 22,320 6,694 2,620 434 325 5 36 1995 17,466 4,325 755 22,546 7,075 3,149 422 280 5 33 1996 18,429 3,883 817 23,129 7,087 3,528 438 300 5 33 41997 18,905 4,146 927 23,977 6,597 3,581 446 309 5 34 41998 19,216 4,698 1,306 25,220 7,068 3,241 444 311 5 31 41999 19,279 4,926 1,211 25,416 7,610 3,218 453 312 5 46 42000 20,220 5,316 1,144 26,680 7,862 2,768 453 296 5 57 2001 19,614 5,481 1,277 26,371 8,033 2,209 450 289 6 70 2002 19,783 5,785 961 26,529 8,143 2,650 516 305 6 105 2003 20,185 5,264 1,205 26,653 7,959 2,781 522 303 5 115 2004 R20,305 R5,611 R1,212 R27,128 R8,222 R2,656 510 R311 6 R142 R2005P 20,752 5,965 1,230 27,947 8,133 2,682 531 318 6 149 

1 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 2 Conventional hydroelectric power. 3 Wood and waste. 4 Net imports equal imports minus exports. 5 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and

independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. 

Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity 

power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-an(North American Industry Classification System) 22 category whelectricity and heat, to the public. • See Note 3, "Electricity • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 5.14c, 6.5, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2b, 10.2b, A4, A5, and 
Figure 2.2 Manufacturing Consumption of Energy for All Purposes, 2002

By Energy SourceBy North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)444 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases and natural gas liquids.2 Includes all other types of energy that respondents indicated were consumed or allocated.3 Energy sources produced onsite from the use of other energy sources but sold or transferred to another entity.

4 See Table 2.2 for Major Group titles of industries that corr

codes.

(s)=Less than 0.05 quadrillion Btu.Source: Table 2.2.

6.5

2.8 3.1

2.0

0.4 0.3 0.2

Natural Gas Net LPG and NGL1 Coal Coal Coke Residual Distillate 

-2

0

2

468

10

-2

Quadrillion Btu

Electricity and Breeze Fuel Oil Fuel Oil

1.1

0.1 0.2 0.1 (s) (s) 0.4

2.4

0.1

6.8 6.5

0.4

1.1

2.1

0.4 0.2 0.2 

311 312 313 314 315 316 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 331 332 333 334 

0

2

468

10

Quadrillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.2 Manufacturing Consumption of Energy for All Purposes, 2002

 (Trillion Btu )

NAICS 1

Code Major Group Coal

Coal Coke

and

Breeze Natural Gas

Distillate

Fuel Oil

LPG 2

 and

NGL 3

Residual

Fuel Oil

Net

Electricity 4 

 311 Food ................................................................................. 184 1 582 19 5 13 230  312 Beverage and Tobacco Products ..................................... 17 0 46 2 1 2 26  313 Textile Mills ....................................................................... 22 0 75 2 2 4 86  314 Textile Product Mills ......................................................... Q 0 29 Q 1 2 17  315 Apparel ............................................................................. 0 0 16 1 (s) (s) 12  316 Leather and Allied Products ............................................. 0 0 4 (s) (s) (s) 2  321 Wood Products ................................................................. 1 0 57 13 5 1 72  322 Paper ................................................................................ 236 4 504 13 6 100 223  323 Printing and Related Support ........................................... 0 0 46 (s) 1 (s) 50  324 Petroleum and Coal Products ........................................... Q 2 878 19 24 25 127  325 Chemicals ......................................................................... 344 6 2,307 14 3,001 87 522  326 Plastics and Rubber Products .......................................... Q 0 128 2 6 7 181  327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products ........................................... 309 11 422 34 3 3 142  331 Primary Metals .................................................................. 515 355 704 15 3 1 493  332 Fabricated Metal Products ................................................ 1 Q 210 6 3 Q 161  333 Machinery ......................................................................... 1 0 82 3 3 (s) 84  334 Computer and Electronic Products ................................... (s) 0 65 1 (s) 1 131  335 Electrical Equipment, Appliances, and Components ........ (s) (s) 53 1 1 (s) 47  336 Transportation Equipment ................................................ 8 Q 203 4 4 6 172  337 Furniture and Related Products ........................................ 1 0 25 1 1 (s) 24  339 Miscellaneous ................................................................... 0 0 32 1 1 (s) 35  — Total Manufacturing .......................................................... 1,958 385 6,468 152 3,070 255 2,840 

1 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 Liquefied petroleum gases. 3 Natural gas liquids. 4 "Net Electricity" is the sum of purchases, transfers in, and onsite generation from noncombustible

renewable energy sources, minus quantities sold and transferred out; it excludes onsite generation fromcombustible fuels.

5 Includes all other types of energy that respondents indicated were consumed or allocated, such as

asphalt and road oil, lubricants, naphtha < 401° F, other oils >= 401° F, special naphthas, waxes, andmiscellaneous nonfuel products, which are nonfuel products assigned to the petroleum refining industrygroup (NAICS 324110).

6 Energy sources produced onsite from the use of other energy sources but sold or transferred to

another entity.

7 The sum of coal, coal coke and breeze, natural gas, di

natural gas liquids, residual fuel oil, net electricity, and other, min

(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Q=Data withheld because the 

percent.

Notes: • Data are estimates for the first use of energy for 

material inputs. "First use" is the consumption of energy thproduced onsite from input materials not classified as energy. • due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-846, 

Survey."
Figure 2.3 Manufacturing Inputs for Heat, Power, and Electricity Generation, 2002

By Selected End Use1By Energy Source46 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Excludes inputs of unallocated energy sources (6,006 trillion Btu).2 Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.3 Excludes coal coke and breeze.

4 Liquefied petroleum gases and natural gas liquids.

Source: Table 2.3.

1.6

0.7

0.20.20.2

0.1

Process Heating

Machine Drive

Facility HVAC2

Electrochemical Processes

Process Cooling and Refrigeration

Facility Lighting

Conventional Electricity Generation

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 

Quadrillion Btu

5.8

2.8

1.2

0.2 0.1 

Natural Gas Net Electricity Coal 3 Residual Distillate 

0

1

2

34567

Quadrillion Btu

Fuel Oil 

Fuel Oil
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.3 Manufacturing Inputs for Heat, Power, and Electricity Generation by End Use, 2002

End-Use Category

Net Electricity 1 Residual Fuel Oil Distillate Fuel Oil LPG 2 and NGL 3 Natural Gas 

Million Kilowatthours Million Barrels Billion Cubic Feet 

Indirect End Use (Boiler Fuel) ......................................... 3,540 20 6 2 2,105 

 Conventional Boiler Use ............................................. 2,496 12 4 2 1,271  CHP 6 and/or Cogeneration Process .......................... 1,043 8 2 (s) 834 

Direct End Use

 All Process Uses ......................................................... 650,100 10 7 16 R2,878  Process Heating ........................................................ 100,541 9 4 15 2,670  Process Cooling and Refrigeration ............................. 56,723 (s) (s) (s) 44  Machine Drive ............................................................. 417,998 (s) 3 1 106  Electrochemical Processes ........................................ 71,045 — — — —  Other Process Uses ................................................... 3,793 (s) (s) (s) R 58  All Non-Process Uses ................................................. 150,530 1 9 6 500  Facility Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning 7 ... 76,840 1 1 1 406  Facility Lighting ........................................................... 57,460 — — — —  Other Facility Support ................................................. 14,087 (s) (s) (s) 29  Onsite Transportation ................................................. 1,212 — 6 5 2  Conventional Electricity Generation ........................... — (s) Q (s) 54  Other Non-Process Use ............................................. 931 (s) Q (s) 10 

End Use Not Reported ................................................... 28,087 3 2 2 R 157 Total ................................................................................. 832,257 33 24 26 5,641 

Trillion Btu

Indirect End Use (Boiler Fuel) ......................................... 12 127 35 8 2,162 

 Conventional Boiler Use ............................................. 9 76 25 8 1,306  CHP 6 and/or Cogeneration Process ......................... 4 51 10 (s) 857 

Direct End Use

 All Process Uses ......................................................... 2,218 60 43 64 R2,956  Process Heating ........................................................ 343 58 24 60 2,742  Process Cooling and Refrigeration ............................. 194 (s) 2 (s) 45  Machine Drive ............................................................. 1,426 2 16 4 109  Electrochemical Processes ........................................ 242 — — — —  Other Process Uses ................................................... 13 (s) 1 (s) R 60  All Non-Process Uses ................................................. 514 4 50 24 513  Facility Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning 7 ... 262 3 5 5 417  Facility Lighting ........................................................... 196 — — — —  Other Facility Support ................................................. 48 (s) 1 (s) 30  Onsite Transportation ................................................. 4 — 35 18 2  Conventional Electricity Generation ........................... — 1 Q (s) 55  Other Non-Process Use ............................................. 3 (s) Q (s) 10 

End Use Not Reported ................................................... 96 17 12 6 R 162 Total ................................................................................. 2,840 208 141 103 5,794 

1 "Net Electricity" is the sum of purchases, transfers in, and onsite generation from noncombustible

renewable energy sources, minus quantities sold and transferred out; it excludes onsite generation fromcombustible fuels. 2 Liquefied petroleum gases. 3 Natural gas liquids. 4 Excludes coal coke and breeze. 5 Total of listed energy sources. Excludes inputs of unallocated energy sources (6,006 trillion Btu). 6 Combined-heat-and-power plants. 7 Excludes steam and hot water.

R=Revised. — = Not applicable. (s)=Estimate less than 0.5. Q=Withheld because relative standard

error is greater than 50 percent.

Notes: • Data are estimates for the total consumption of en

electricity generation, regardless of where the energy was produquantities of energy that were originally produced offsite aestablishment, plus those that were produced onsite from other energy, or were extracted from captive (onsite) mines or wells. basis of reasonable approximations by respondents. • Totals independent rounding, the presence of estimates that round to zwithheld because the relative standard error is greater than 50 p

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-846, 

Survey."
Figure 2.4 Household Energy Consumption

Consumption by All Households, Selected Years, 1978-2001 Consumption by All Households, by Census RConsumption per Household, Selected Years, 1978-2001 Consumption per Household, by Census Regio48 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • Data include natural gas, electricity, distillate fuel oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gases; data do not include wood. • For years not shown, there are no data available.

Data for 1978 through 1984 are for April of the year shown through March of the following year;data for 1987, 1990, 1993, 1997, and 2001 are for the calendar year. • Because vertical scalesdiffer, graphs should not be compared. • See Appendix C for Census regions.

Source: Table 2.4.

10.6

9.7

9.3 9.3

8.6

9.0 9.1 9.2

10.0 10.3 9.9

1978 1980 1982 1984 1987 1990 1993 1997 2001

0

2

468

10

12

Quadrillion Btu 2.16

2.86

Northeast Midwest S

0

1

2

34

Quadrillion Btu

138

126

114112

102 105 101 98 104 101

92

1978 1980 1982 1984 1987 1990 1993 1997 2001

0

50

100150

Million Btu

107

117

Northeast Midwest S

0

20406080

100120140

Million Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.4 Household Energy Consumption by Census Region, Selected Years, 1978-2001

 (Quadrillion Btu, Except as Noted)

Census Region 1 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1984 1987 1990 

Northeast (total does not include wood) .......................... 2.89 2.50 2.44 2.36 2.19 2.29 2.37 2.30 

 Natural Gas .................................................................... 1.14 1.05 0.94 1.01 0.96 0.93 1.03 1.03  Electricity 2 ...................................................................... 0.39 0.39 0.41 0.40 0.37 0.41 0.44 0.47  Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene ..................................... 1.32 1.03 1.07 0.93 0.83 0.93 0.87 0.78  Liquefied Petroleum Gases ............................................ 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02  Wood 3 ............................................................................ NA NA 0.26 0.27 0.24 0.21 0.17 0.12  Consumption per Household (million Btu) 3 ................... 166 145 138 132 122 125 124 120 

Midwest (total does not include wood) ............................ 3.70 3.48 2.96 3.09 2.61 2.80 2.73 2.81 

 Natural Gas .................................................................... 2.53 2.48 2.05 2.22 1.78 1.99 1.83 1.88  Electricity 2 ...................................................................... 0.60 0.59 0.60 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.61 0.66  Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene ..................................... 0.46 0.31 0.17 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.16 0.13  Liquefied Petroleum Gases ............................................ 0.12 0.10 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.13  Wood 3 ............................................................................ NA NA 0.25 0.25 0.27 0.27 0.25 0.17  Consumption per Household (million Btu) 3 ................... 180 168 141 146 122 129 123 122 

South (total does not include wood) ................................ 2.43 2.30 2.57 2.41 2.45 2.50 2.61 2.60 

 Natural Gas .................................................................... 0.96 0.91 1.12 1.15 1.14 1.15 1.09 1.03  Electricity 2 ...................................................................... 1.00 0.97 1.06 1.01 1.01 1.06 1.22 1.36  Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene ..................................... 0.32 0.28 0.25 0.14 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.11  Liquefied Petroleum Gases ............................................ 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.10  Wood 3 ............................................................................ NA NA 0.23 0.21 0.33 0.33 0.26 0.17  Consumption per Household (million Btu) 3 ................... 99 92 95 87 87 85 84 81 

West (total does not include wood) .................................. 1.54 1.47 1.34 1.42 1.33 1.45 1.42 1.51 

 Natural Gas .................................................................... 0.95 0.88 0.86 0.90 0.85 0.91 0.88 0.92  Electricity 2 ...................................................................... 0.48 0.47 0.41 0.46 0.41 0.47 0.48 0.54  Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene ..................................... 0.09 0.09 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02  Liquefied Petroleum Gases ............................................ 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03  Wood 3 ............................................................................ NA NA 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.17 0.17 0.12  Consumption per Household (million Btu) 3 ................... 110 100 84 87 81 85 78 78 

United States (total does not include wood) .................... 10.56 9.74 9.32 9.29 8.58 9.04 9.13 9.22 

 Natural Gas .................................................................... 5.58 5.31 4.97 5.27 4.74 4.98 4.83 4.86  Electricity 2 ...................................................................... 2.47 2.42 2.48 2.42 2.35 2.48 2.76 3.03  Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene ..................................... 2.19 1.71 1.52 1.28 1.20 1.26 1.22 1.04  Liquefied Petroleum Gases ............................................ 0.33 0.31 0.35 0.31 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.28  Wood 3 ............................................................................ NA NA 0.85 0.87 0.97 0.98 0.85 0.58  Consumption per Household (million Btu) 3 ................... 138 126 114 112 102 105 101 98 

1 See Appendix C for Census regions. 2 Retail electricity. One kilowatthour = 3,412 Btu. 3 Wood is not included in the region and U.S. totals, or in the consumption-per-household data.

NA=Not available. Notes: • Data are estimates, and are for major energy sources only. • For years not shown, there are

no data available. • Data for 1978-1984 are for April of year shown through March of following year; data

for 1987 forward are for the calendar year. • Totals ma

independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1978 and 1979—Energy Information Administrati

Consumption Survey." • 1980 forward—EIA, Form EIA-457, "R
Figure 2.5 Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures

Consumption by Energy Source, 2001 Expenditures4, Selected Years, 1978-2001

Consumption4 by End Use, 2001 Consumption5 for Space Heating, 2001

50 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Distillate fuel oil and kerosene.2 Liquefied petroleum gases.3 Wood used for both space heating and ambiance.4 Does not include wood.

Notes: • For years not shown, there are no data available

graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 2.5.

55

63

76

83 87

97 98

110

1978 1980 1982 1984 1987 1990 

0

50

100150200

Billion Nominal Dollars

4.8

3.9

0.8

0.4 0.4

Natural Gas Electricity Fuel Oil1 LPG2 Wood3

0

2

46

Quadrillion Btu

4.6

2.9

1.7

0.6

Space Heating Appliances Water Heating Air Conditioning

0

2

46

Quadrillion Btu

3.3

0.6

Natural Gas Fuel Oil1 Ele

0

1

2

34

Quadrillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.5 Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures by End Use and Energy Source,

 Selected Years, 1978-2001

Year

Space Heating 1

Air

Conditioning 2 Water Heating Appliances 3,4 

Natural

Gas

Electricity 5 Fuel Oil 6 LPG 7 Electricity 5 Natural Gas Elec- tricity 5 Fuel Oil 6 LPG 7 Natural Gas Elec- tricity 5 LPG 7 Natural Gas 2 El

tric

Consumption (quadrillion Btu)

1978 4.26 0.40 2.05 0.23 0.32 1.04 0.29 0.14 0.06 0.28 1.45 0.03 5.58 21979 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.31 21980 3.41 0.27 1.30 0.23 0.36 1.15 0.30 0.22 0.07 0.36 1.54 0.05 4.97 21981 3.69 0.26 1.06 0.21 0.34 1.13 0.30 0.22 0.06 0.43 1.52 0.05 5.27 21982 3.14 0.25 1.04 0.19 0.31 1.15 0.28 0.15 0.06 0.43 1.50 0.05 4.74 21984 3.51 0.25 1.11 0.21 0.32 1.10 0.32 0.15 0.06 0.35 1.59 0.04 4.98 21987 3.38 0.28 1.05 0.22 0.44 1.10 0.31 0.17 0.06 0.34 1.72 0.04 4.83 21990 3.37 0.30 0.93 0.19 0.48 1.16 0.34 0.11 0.06 0.33 1.91 0.03 4.86 31993 3.67 0.41 0.95 0.30 0.46 1.31 0.34 0.12 0.05 0.29 2.08 0.03 5.27 31997 3.61 0.40 0.91 0.26 0.42 1.29 0.39 0.16 0.08 0.37 2.33 0.02 5.28 32001 3.32 0.39 0.62 0.28 0.62 1.15 0.36 0.13 0.05 0.37 2.52 0.05 4.84 3

Expenditures (billion dollars 9)

1978 11.49 3.53 8.06 1.05 4.12 2.88 3.14 0.56 0.36 0.93 19.10 0.25 15.30 291979 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 17.84 321980 13.22 3.78 10.48 1.78 5.84 4.51 4.45 1.76 0.57 1.91 26.74 0.44 19.77 401981 16.62 3.93 9.44 1.78 6.23 5.13 4.94 1.94 0.51 2.17 29.70 0.52 24.03 441982 17.74 4.21 8.80 1.69 6.23 6.51 5.00 1.28 0.54 2.58 31.29 0.52 26.96 461984 20.66 4.62 8.51 2.00 7.06 6.63 6.44 1.09 0.58 2.31 36.36 0.54 29.78 541987 18.05 5.53 6.25 1.85 9.77 6.02 6.45 0.94 0.50 2.02 39.83 0.46 26.15 611990 18.59 6.16 7.42 2.01 11.23 6.59 7.21 0.83 0.65 2.03 46.95 0.48 27.26 711993 21.95 8.66 6.24 2.81 11.31 8.08 7.58 0.74 0.58 1.98 53.52 0.42 32.04 811997 24.11 8.56 6.57 2.79 10.20 8.84 8.99 1.04 0.89 2.86 60.57 0.36 35.81 882001 31.84 8.98 5.66 4.04 15.94 11.31 8.47 1.15 0.69 3.83 66.94 0.86 46.98 100

1 Wood used for space heating is included in "Wood" under "Total." 2 A small amount of natural gas used for air conditioning is included in "Natural Gas" under "Total." 3 Includes refrigerators. 4 A small amount of distillate fuel oil and kerosene used for appliances is included in "Fuel Oil" under

"Total." 5 Retail electricity. One kilowatthour = 3,412 Btu. 6 Distillate fuel oil and kerosene. 7 Liquefied petroleum gases.

8 Wood used for both space heating and ambience. 9 Nominal dollars.

NA=Not available. Notes: • Data are estimates. • For years not shown, there 

equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1978 and 1979—Energy Information Administrati

Consumption Survey." • 1980 forward—EIA, Form EIA-457, "R
Figure 2.6 Households With Selected Appliances and Types of Main Heating Fuel

Households With Selected Electric Appliances, 1980 and 2001Households With Other Selected Appliances, 1980 and 2001 Type of Main Heating F52 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Not collected in 1980.2 Natural gas or liquefied petroleum gases.3 Fewer than 0.5 percent of the households do not have a refrigerator.4 Households with both central and individual room units are counted only under “Central.”

5 Liquefied petroleum gases.6 Kerosene, district steam, coal, solar, other, and no heat.

Source: Table 2.6.

99

79

57 60

86

32

53

82

74

47

54

14

38 37

Color Clothes Clothes Range Top Microwave Separate Dishwasher C

0

20406080

100

Percent

Television Dryer

Washer Oven Freezer 

or Burners

39

17

83

17

55

23 23

46

14

86

14

27 30

43

Range Top Clothes One Two or Central Individual None

0

20406080

100

Percent

1980 2001

Air Conditioning4

Dryer

Natural Gas 55%

Refrigerators3

More Room Units

Gas Appliances2

or Burners
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.6 Households With Selected Appliances and Types of Main Heating Fuel, Selected Years

Appliance

Year 

1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1984 1987 1990 1993 1

Total Households (millions) .............. 77 78 82 83 84 86 91 94 97 

Percent of Households

Type of Main Heating Fuel

 Natural Gas ........................................ 55 55 55 56 57 55 55 55 53  Electricity 1 .......................................... 16 17 18 17 16 17 20 23 26  Liquefied Petroleum Gases ................ 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5  Distillate Fuel Oil ................................. 20 17 15 14 13 12 12 11 11  Wood .................................................. 2 4 6 6 7 7 6 4 3  Other 2 ................................................ 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 

Type of Appliances

 Electric Appliances Television Set (Color) ....................... NA NA 82 83 85 88 93 96 98  Television Set (B/W) ......................... NA NA 51 48 46 43 36 31 20  Television Set (Any) ......................... NA NA 98 98 98 98 98 99 99  Clothes Washer ................................ 74 NA 74 73 71 73 75 76 77  Range Top or Burners ...................... 53 NA 54 54 53 54 57 58 61  Oven, Microwave .............................. 8 NA 14 17 21 34 61 79 84  Clothes Dryer .................................... 45 NA 47 45 45 46 51 53 57  Separate Freezer .............................. 35 NA 38 38 37 37 34 34 35  Dishwasher ....................................... 35 NA 37 37 36 38 43 45 45  Dehumidifier ..................................... NA NA 9 9 9 9 10 12 9  Waterbed Heaters ............................ NA NA NA NA NA 10 14 15 12  Window or Ceiling Fan ..................... NA NA NA NA 28 35 46 51 60  Ceiling Fan ....................................... NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 54  Whole House Fan ............................. NA NA NA NA 8 8 9 10 4  Evaporative Cooler ........................... NA NA 4 4 4 4 3 4 3  Personal Computer ........................... NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 16 23  Pump for Well Water ........................ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 15 13  Swimming-Pool Pump 3 .................... NA NA 3 4 3 NA NA 5 5  Gas 4 Appliances Range Top or Burners ...................... 48 NA 46 46 47 45 43 42 38  Clothes Dryer .................................... 14 NA 14 16 15 16 15 16 15  Outdoor Gas Grill .............................. 6 NA 9 9 11 13 20 26 29  Outdoor Gas Light ............................ 2 NA 2 2 2 1 1 1 1  Swimming Pool Heater 5 .................. NA NA (s) (s) (s) 1 1 1 1 

Refrigerators 6

 One ................................................... 86 NA 86 87 86 88 86 84 85  Two or More ..................................... 14 NA 14 13 13 12 14 15 15 

Air Conditioning (A/C)

 Central 7 ........................................... 23 24 27 27 28 30 34 39 44  Individual Room Units 7 .................... 33 31 30 31 30 30 30 29 25  None ................................................. 44 45 43 42 42 40 36 32 32 

Portable Kerosene Heaters ................ (s) NA (s) 1 3 6 6 5 3 

1 Retail electricity. 2 Kerosene, district steam, coal, solar, other, or no heat. 3 Through 1990, data are for all reported swimming pools, which were assumed to have an electric

pump for filtering and circulating the water. Beginning in 1993, data are explicitly for pools with filters.

4 Natural gas or liquefied petroleum gases. 5 In 1984 and 1987, also includes heaters for jacuzzis and hot tubs. 6 Fewer than 0.5 percent of the households do not have a refrigerator.

7 Households with both central and individual room units are 

NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 percent. Notes: • Data are estimates. • For years not shown, there a

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1978 and 1979—Energy Information Administrati

Consumption Survey." • 1980 forward—EIA, Form EIA-457, "R
Figure 2.7 Type of Heating in Occupied Housing Units, 1950 and 2003

By Fuel TypeBy Fuel Type, Share of Total54 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Sum of components do not equal total due to independent rounding.2 Liquefied petroleum gases.3 Kerosene, solar, and other.

(s)=Less than 0.5.Source: Table 2.7.

55

32

10

6

2 (

11

(s)

9

1

4

14

Natural Gas Electricity Distillate Fuel Oil LPG2 Wood Coal 

0

204060

Million Housing Units1

1950 2003

52

31

9

6

1 (

26

1

22

2

10

34

Natural Gas Electricity Distillate Fuel Oil LPG2 Wood Coal 

0

204060

Percent

1950 2003
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.7 Type of Heating in Occupied Housing Units, Selected Years, 1950-2003

Year Coal 1

Distillate

Fuel Oil Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Natural

Gas Electricity Wood Solar Other 2 

Millions

1950 14.48 9.46 4 ( ) 0.98 11.12 0.28 4.17 NA 0.77 1960 6.46 17.16 4 ( ) 2.69 22.85 0.93 2.24 NA 0.22 1970 1.82 16.47 4 ( ) 3.81 35.01 4.88 0.79 NA 0.27 1973 0.80 17.24 4 ( ) 4.42 38.46 7.21 0.60 NA 0.15 1974 0.74 16.84 4 ( ) 4.14 39.47 8.41 0.66 NA 0.09 1975 0.57 16.30 4 ( ) 4.15 40.93 9.17 0.85 NA 0.08 1976 0.48 16.45 4 ( ) 4.24 41.22 10.15 0.91 NA 0.09 1977 0.45 15.62 0.44 4.18 41.54 11.15 1.24 NA 0.15 1978 0.40 15.65 0.42 4.13 42.52 12.26 1.07 NA 0.12 1979 0.36 15.30 0.41 4.13 43.32 13.24 1.14 NA 0.10 1980 0.33 14.50 0.37 4.17 44.40 14.21 1.38 NA 0.11 1981 0.36 14.13 0.37 4.17 46.08 15.49 1.89 NA 0.10 1983 5 0.43 12.59 0.45 3.87 46.70 15.68 4.09 NA 0.16 1985 0.45 12.44 1.06 3.58 45.33 18.36 6.25 0.05 0.37 1987 0.41 12.74 1.08 3.66 45.96 20.61 5.45 0.05 0.28 1989 0.34 12.47 1.07 3.66 47.40 23.06 4.59 0.04 0.40 1991 0.32 11.47 0.99 3.88 47.02 23.71 4.44 0.03 0.41 1993 0.30 11.17 1.02 3.92 47.67 25.11 4.10 0.03 0.50 1995 0.21 10.98 1.06 4.25 49.20 26.77 3.53 0.02 0.64 1997 0.18 10.10 0.75 5.40 51.05 29.20 1.79 0.03 0.36 1999 0.17 10.03 0.72 5.91 52.37 31.14 1.70 0.02 0.21 2001 6 0.13 9.81 0.65 6.04 54.13 32.41 1.67 0.02 0.19 2003 0.13 9.50 0.64 6.13 54.93 32.34 1.56 0.02 0.16 

Percent

1950 33.8 22.1 4 ( ) 2.3 26.0 0.6 9.7 NA 1.8 1960 12.2 32.4 4 ( ) 5.1 43.1 1.8 4.2 NA 0.4 1970 2.9 26.0 4 ( ) 6.0 55.2 7.7 1.3 NA 0.4 1973 1.2 24.9 4 ( ) 6.4 55.5 10.4 0.9 NA 0.2 1974 1.0 23.8 4 ( ) 5.8 55.7 11.9 0.9 NA 0.1 1975 0.8 22.5 4 ( ) 5.7 56.4 12.6 1.2 NA 0.1 1976 0.7 22.2 4 ( ) 5.7 55.7 13.7 1.2 NA 0.1 1977 0.6 20.7 0.6 5.6 55.2 14.8 1.6 NA 0.2 1978 0.5 20.3 0.5 5.4 55.1 15.9 1.4 NA 0.2 1979 0.5 19.5 0.5 5.3 55.1 16.9 1.4 NA 0.1 1980 0.4 18.1 0.5 5.2 55.4 17.7 1.7 NA 0.1 1981 0.4 17.0 0.4 5.0 55.4 18.6 2.3 NA 0.1 1983 5 0.5 14.9 0.5 4.6 55.2 18.5 4.8 NA 0.2 1985 0.5 14.1 1.2 4.1 51.3 20.8 7.1 0.1 0.4 1987 0.4 14.0 1.2 4.0 50.6 22.7 6.0 0.1 0.3 1989 0.4 13.3 1.1 3.9 50.6 24.6 4.9 (s) 0.4 1991 0.3 12.3 1.1 4.2 50.5 25.5 4.8 (s) 0.4 1993 0.3 11.8 1.1 4.1 50.3 26.5 4.3 (s) 0.5 1995 0.2 11.2 1.1 4.4 50.4 27.4 3.6 (s) 0.7 1997 0.2 10.2 0.8 5.4 51.3 29.4 1.8 (s) 0.4 1999 0.2 9.8 0.7 5.7 50.9 30.3 1.7 (s) 0.2 2001 6 0.1 9.3 0.6 5.7 51.3 30.7 1.6 (s) 0.2 2003 0.1 9.0 0.6 5.8 51.9 30.6 1.5 (s) 0.1 

1 Includes coal coke. 2 Includes briquettes (made of pitch and sawdust), coal dust, waste material (such as corncobs),

purchased steam, and other fuels not separately displayed.

3 In 1950 and 1960, also includes nonreporting units, which totaled 997 and 2,000 units, respectively. 4 Included in "Distillate Fuel Oil." 5 Since 1983, the American Housing Survey for the United States has been a biennial survey. 6 Beginning in 2001, data are consistent with the 2000 Census. For 2001 data consistent with the 1990

Census, see American Housing Survey for the United States: 2001.

NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.05 percent. Notes: • Includes mobile homes and individual housing units 

more than one type of heating system are classified accordin• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.census.goSources: • 1950, 1960, and 1970—Bureau of the Census, C

forward—Bureau of the Census, American Housing Survey for 2-5.
Figure 2.8 Motor Vehicle Mileage, Fuel Consumption, and Fuel Rates

All Motor Vehicles,1 1949-2004Mileage, 1966-2004 Fuel Consumption, 1966-2004 Fuel Rates, 1966-200456 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Passenger cars, motorcycles, vans, pickup trucks, sport utility vehicles, trucks, and buses.2 Miles per gallon.3 Miles per vehicle.4 Gallons per vehicle.

5 Sport utility vehicle.6 Motorcycles are included with passenger cars through 19

Source: Table 2.8.

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

255075

100125150175

Index 1973=100 Fu

Passenger Cars6

Vans, Pickup Trucks,

and SUVs5

Vans, Pickup Trucks, and SUVs5

Trucks

Trucks

Passenger Cars6

Passen

1970 1980 1990 2000

08

1624

32

Thousand Miles per Vehicle

1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1

2

345

Thousand Gallons per Vehicle

1970 198

05

10152025

Miles per Gallon
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.8 Motor Vehicle Mileage, Fuel Consumption, and Fuel Rates, Selected Years, 1949-2004

Year

Passenger Cars 1 Vans, Pickup Trucks, and Sport Utility Vehicles 2 Trucks 3 

Mileage

Fuel

Consumption Fuel Rate Mileage

Fuel

Consumption Fuel Rate Mileage

Fuel

Consumption Fuel Rate Mile

Miles per

Vehicle

Gallons

per Vehicle

Miles

per Gallon

Miles per

Vehicle

Gallons

per Vehicle

Miles

per Gallon

Miles per

vehicle

Gallons

per vehicle

Miles

per Gallon

Mile

Ve

1949 9,388 627 15.0 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 9,712 1,080 9.0 9,1950 9,060 603 15.0 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 10,316 1,229 8.4 9,1955 9,447 645 14.6 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 10,576 1,293 8.2 9,1960 9,518 668 14.3 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 10,693 1,333 8.0 9,1965 9,603 661 14.5 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 10,851 1,387 7.8 9,1970 9,989 737 13.5 8,676 866 10.0 13,565 2,467 5.5 9,1971 10,097 743 13.6 9,082 888 10.2 14,117 2,519 5.6 10,1972 10,171 754 13.5 9,534 922 10.3 14,780 2,657 5.6 10,1973 9,884 737 13.4 9,779 931 10.5 15,370 2,775 5.5 10,1974 9,221 677 13.6 9,452 862 11.0 14,995 2,708 5.5 9,41975 9,309 665 14.0 9,829 934 10.5 15,167 2,722 5.6 9,1976 9,418 681 13.8 10,127 934 10.8 15,438 2,764 5.6 9,1977 9,517 676 14.1 10,607 947 11.2 16,700 3,002 5.6 9,1978 9,500 665 14.3 10,968 948 11.6 18,045 3,263 5.5 10,1979 9,062 620 14.6 10,802 905 11.9 18,502 3,380 5.5 9,1980 8,813 551 16.0 10,437 854 12.2 18,736 3,447 5.4 9,41981 8,873 538 16.5 10,244 819 12.5 19,016 3,565 5.3 9,41982 9,050 535 16.9 10,276 762 13.5 19,931 3,647 5.5 9,1983 9,118 534 17.1 10,497 767 13.7 21,083 3,769 5.6 9,1984 9,248 530 17.4 11,151 797 14.0 22,550 3,967 5.7 10,1985 9,419 538 17.5 10,506 735 14.3 20,597 3,570 5.8 10,1986 9,464 543 17.4 10,764 738 14.6 22,143 3,821 5.8 10,1987 9,720 539 18.0 11,114 744 14.9 23,349 3,937 5.9 10,1988 9,972 531 18.8 11,465 745 15.4 22,485 3,736 6.0 10,1989 110,157 1533 119.0 11,676 724 16.1 22,926 3,776 6.1 10,1990 10,504 520 20.2 11,902 738 16.1 23,603 3,953 6.0 11,1991 10,571 501 21.1 12,245 721 17.0 24,229 4,047 6.0 11,1992 10,857 517 21.0 12,381 717 17.3 25,373 4,210 6.0 11,1993 10,804 527 20.5 12,430 714 17.4 26,262 4,309 6.1 11,1994 10,992 531 20.7 12,156 701 17.3 25,838 4,202 6.1 11,1995 11,203 530 21.1 12,018 694 17.3 26,514 4,315 6.1 11,1996 11,330 534 21.2 11,811 685 17.2 26,092 4,221 6.2 11,1997 11,581 539 21.5 12,115 703 17.2 27,032 4,218 6.4 12,1998 11,754 544 21.6 12,173 707 17.2 25,397 4,135 6.1 12,1999 11,848 553 21.4 11,957 701 17.0 26,014 4,352 6.0 12,2000 11,976 547 21.9 11,672 669 17.4 25,617 4,391 5.8 12,2001 11,831 534 22.1 11,204 636 17.6 26,602 4,477 5.9 11,2002 12,202 555 22.0 11,364 650 17.5 27,071 4,642 5.8 12,2003 R12,325 R556 R22.2 R11,287 R697 R16.2 R28,093 R4,215 R6.7 R12,2004P 12,497 557 22.4 11,044 682 16.2 27,719 4,157 6.7 12,

1 Through 1989, includes motorcycles. 2 Includes a small number of trucks with 2 axles and 4 tires, such as step vans. 3 Single-unit trucks with 2 axles and 6 or more tires, and combination trucks. 4 Includes buses and motorcycles, which are not separately displayed. 5 Included in "Trucks."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. 

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://

related information, see http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hss/

Sources: Passenger Cars, 1990-1994: U.S. Department o

Statistics, National Transportation Statistics 1998, Table 4-13. Highway Administration (FHWA), Highway Statistics Summaforward—FHWA, Highway Statistics, annual reports, Table VM-1
Figure 2.9 Commercial Buildings Consumption by Energy Source

By Survey Year, 1979-1999By Census Region, 199958 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and kerosene.

(s)=Less than 0.05 quadrillion Btu.

Note: See Appendix C for Census regions.Source: Table 2.9.

3.1

2.0

0.2

2.6

1.9

0.2

2.6

2.2

0.3 

2.8

2.1

0.4

2.4

1.7

0.4 

2.1 2.1

0.3 0

1.9

2.2

0.7

0.2

Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil1 

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.5

Quadrillion Btu

1979 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1999

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.1 

0.3

0.7 0.6

0.4

0.5

0.7

1.2

0.6

Northeast Midwest South West 

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.5

Quadrillion Btu

Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil1 District Heat

(s) (s) (s)
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.9 Commercial Buildings Consumption by Energy Source, Selected Years, 1979-1999

 (Trillion Btu)

Energy Source

and Year

Square Footage Category Principal Building Activity Ce

1,001 to

10,000

10,001 to

100,000

Over

100,000 Education

Food

Sales

Food

Service

Health

Care Lodging

Mercantile

and Service Office

All

Other Northeast Mid

Major Sources 2

1979 ................ 1,255 2,202 1,508 511 3 ( ) 336 469 278 894 861 1,616 1,217 1,

1983 ................ 1,242 1,935 1,646 480 3 ( ) 414 463 362 812 1,018 1,274 858 1,1986 ................ 1,273 2,008 1,696 633 147 247 456 299 985 1,008 1,202 1,037 1,1989 ................ 1,259 2,402 2,127 704 139 255 449 425 1,048 1,230 1,538 1,354 1,1992 ................ 1,258 2,301 1,932 637 137 307 403 463 892 1,247 1,404 1,090 1,1995 4 ............. 1,332 2,152 1,838 614 137 332 561 461 973 1,019 1,225 1,035 1,

1999 ................ 1,381 2,300 2,053 649 201 447 515 450 1,145 1,089 1,237 1,116 1,

Electricity

1979 ................ 429 872 608 163 3 ( ) 171 129 119 361 424 543 425 

1983 ................ 469 903 758 152 3 ( ) 212 147 151 426 509 532 324 1986 ................ 654 927 809 179 99 121 132 120 536 641 563 430 1989 ................ 572 1,145 1,056 217 105 113 154 138 550 781 715 586 1992 ................ 586 991 1,033 235 113 138 138 189 444 704 649 419 1995 4 ............. 618 1,064 926 221 119 166 211 187 508 676 521 436 

1999 ................ 698 1,235 1,164 257 165 216 232 196 659 767 606 543 

Natural Gas

1979 ................ 646 996 532 214 3 ( ) 145 221 115 422 272 784 443 1,

1983 ................ 684 809 597 246 3 ( ) 188 218 170 327 365 576 278 1986 ................ 485 715 523 254 45 114 205 105 332 258 409 244 1989 ................ 568 836 670 323 27 128 186 187 417 238 566 353 1992 ................ 572 1,017 586 291 24 157 189 193 381 388 552 354 1995 4 ............. 535 830 580 245 18 158 258 213 395 239 420 297 

1999 ................ 604 803 616 227 31 216 217 181 446 219 486 299 

Fuel Oil 5

1979 ................ 177 272 231 107 3 ( ) 15 97 20 103 107 232 285 

1983 ................ 85 140 90 61 3 ( ) Q 28 18 43 75 79 172 1986 ................ 114 206 121 103 Q Q Q 20 105 39 130 270 1989 ................ 101 170 86 71 Q Q 17 10 76 43 122 237 1992 ................ 86 111 75 62 Q Q 21 16 55 47 67 194 1995 4 ............. 71 104 60 57 Q Q 21 Q 49 28 70 168 

1999 ................ 29 73 60 48 Q Q 19 Q 18 29 65 138 

District Heat 6

1979 ................ Q 61 136 27 3 ( ) Q 22 24 Q 58 57 64 

1983 ................ Q 83 202 21 3 ( ) Q 70 22 Q 68 87 84 1986 ................ Q 159 243 97 Q Q 80 Q 12 71 99 94 1989 ................ 19 252 315 Q Q Q 92 Q Q 167 134 179 1992 ................ Q 182 238 49 NC Q 55 65 Q 109 135 123 1995 4 ............. Q 154 271 91 Q Q 70 57 Q 75 214 135 

1999 ................ Q 158 213 117 R Q Q 46 68 Q 74 126 136 

Propane 7

1979 ................ 23 15 5 2 3 ( ) 8 Q Q 10 Q 18 Q 

1983 ................ 20 12 2 2 3 ( ) 8 Q Q 6 Q 14 Q 1986 ................ 44 18 1 3 Q 12 Q 12 17 Q 13 9 

1 See Appendix C for Census regions. 2 Includes electricity, natural gas, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, kerosene, and district heat, but excludes propane. 3 Included in "Food Service." 4 Beginning in 1995, excludes commercial buildings at multi-building manufacturing facilities, and

parking garages. 5 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and kerosene. 6 Through 1983, includes purchased steam only. Beginning in 1986, includes purchased and nonpurchased steam, and purchased and nonpurchased hot water. 7 Beginning with the 1989 survey, propane consumption statistics were not collected. 

R=Revised data. Q=Data withheld because either the relative standard error was greater than 50

percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled. NC=No cases 

Notes: • Data are estimates. Statistics for individual fuels are 

for "Major Sources" are for the sum of "Electricity," "Natural Gasbuildings using any of those fuels. • Complete data for 2003 weFor 2003 data, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1979—Energy Information Administration (EIA)

Energy Consumption Survey." • 1983—EIA, Form EIAConsumption Survey." • 1986—EIA, Form EIA-871, "NonrSurvey." • 1989, 1992, 1995, and 1999—EIA, Form EIAConsumption Survey."
Figure 2.10 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption and Expenditure Indicators, Selecte

Buildings by Energy Source Used Consumption Consumption per SquaSquare Footage per Building by Expenditures Expenditures Per SquaEnergy Source Used60 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and kerosene.

Notes: • For years not shown, there are no data available. • Because vertical scales differ,

graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 2.10.

1979 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1999

0

1

2

345

Thousands of Buildings

1979 1983 19

0

255075

100

Thousand Btu

Fuel Oil1

1979 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1999

0

1

2

34

Quadrillion Btu 

District Heat District Heat

Natural Gas Natural Gas

Electricity

Fuel Oil1

Fuel Oil1

Electricity

1979 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1999

0

306090

Thousand Square Feet

1979 1983 198

0

0.30.60.9

1.2

Nominal Dollars

1979 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1999

0

255075

Billion Nominal Dollars 

Natural Gas Fuel Oil1

Electricity

Electricity

Natural Gas

District Heat

District Heat
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.10 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption and Expenditure Indicators, Selected Yea

Energy Source

and Year

Building Characteristics Energy Consumption Energ

Number of

Buildings

Total

Square Feet

Square Feet

per Building Total

Per

Building

Per

Square Foot

Per

Employee Total

Per

Buildin

Thousands Millions Thousands Trillion Btu Million Btu Thousand Btu Million Btu Million Dollars 1 Thousand D

Major Sources 2

1979 ...................... 3,073 43,546 14.2 5,008 1,630 115.0 85.0 33,821 11.0 1983 ...................... 3,185 49,471 15.5 4,856 1,525 98.2 65.7 55,764 17.5 1986 ...................... 4,154 58,199 14.0 5,040 1,213 86.6 68.6 60,762 14.6 1989 ...................... 4,528 63,184 14.0 5,788 1,278 91.6 81.9 70,826 15.6 1992 ...................... 4,806 67,876 14.1 5,490 1,142 80.9 77.1 71,821 14.9 1995 3 ................... 4,579 58,772 12.8 5,321 1,162 90.5 69.3 69,918 15.3 

1999 ...................... 4,657 67,338 14.5 5,733 1,231 85.1 70.0 81,552 17.5 

Electricity 

1979 ...................... 3,001 43,153 14.4 1,908 636 44.2 32.4 23,751 7.9 1983 ...................... 3,052 48,327 15.8 2,129 697 44.1 28.9 39,279 12.9 1986 ...................... 3,965 56,508 14.3 2,390 603 42.3 32.7 47,186 11.9 1989 ...................... 4,294 61,563 14.3 2,773 646 45.0 39.3 55,943 13.0 1992 ...................... 4,611 66,525 14.4 2,609 566 39.2 36.6 57,619 12.5 1995 3 ................... 4,343 57,076 13.1 2,608 600 45.7 34.1 56,621 13.0 

1999 ...................... 4,395 65,716 15.0 3,098 706 47.1 37.9 66,424 15.1 

Natural Gas

1979 ...................... 1,864 30,477 16.4 2,174 1,167 71.3 52.5 5,814 3.1 1983 ...................... 1,904 33,935 17.8 2,091 1,098 61.6 40.6 11,443 6.0 1986 ...................... 2,214 37,263 16.8 1,723 778 46.2 35.2 8,355 3.8 1989 ...................... 2,420 41,143 17.0 2,073 857 50.4 43.2 9,204 3.8 1992 ...................... 2,657 44,994 16.9 2,174 818 48.3 42.5 9,901 3.7 1995 3 ................... 2,478 38,145 15.4 1,946 785 51.0 38.7 9,018 3.6 

1999 ...................... 2,670 45,525 17.1 2,023 758 44.4 36.0 10,609 4.0 

Fuel Oil 4

1979 ...................... 641 11,397 17.8 681 1,063 59.7 40.5 2,765 4.3 1983 ...................... 441 9,409 21.3 314 714 33.4 19.8 2,102 4.8 1986 ...................... 534 11,005 20.6 442 827 40.1 27.7 2,059 3.9 1989 ...................... 581 12,600 21.7 357 614 28.3 21.0 1,822 3.1 1992 ...................... 560 13,215 23.6 272 487 20.6 15.1 1,400 2.5 1995 3 ................... 607 14,421 23.7 235 387 16.3 10.2 1,175 1.9 

1999 ...................... 434 13,285 30.6 179 412 13.5 9.1 956 2.2 

District Heat 5

1979 ...................... 47 3,722 79.0 201 4,267 54.0 26.5 1,267 26.9 1983 ...................... 64 4,643 72.9 289 4,530 62.1 34.4 2,627 41.2 1986 ...................... 77 4,625 59.7 422 5,446 91.2 52.4 2,620 33.8 1989 ...................... 98 6,578 67.0 585 5,964 89.0 56.5 3,857 39.3 1992 ...................... 95 5,245 55.4 435 4,596 82.9 60.9 2,901 30.7 1995 3 ................... 110 5,658 51.5 533 4,849 94.1 51.2 3,103 28.3 

1999 ...................... 117 5,891 50.2 433 3,692 73.6 50.1 3,564 30.4 

Propane

1979 ...................... 214 2,797 13.1 43 202 15.5 12.9 225 1.1 1983 ...................... 191 2,562 13.4 34 176 13.1 8.5 313 1.6 1986 ...................... 344 3,213 9.3 63 184 19.7 17.6 543 1.6 1989 ...................... 348 4,695 13.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1992 ...................... 337 3,393 10.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1995 ...................... 589 5,344 9.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1999 ...................... 451 6,290 14.0 NA NA NA NA NA NA 

1 Nominal dollars. 2 Includes electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, and district heat. Propane consumption statistics were

collected in 1979, 1983, and 1986, but are not included in the Major Sources. 3 Beginning with the 1995 survey, commercial buildings on multibuilding manufacturing facilities andparking garages were excluded. 4 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and kerosene. 5 For 1979 and 1983, includes only purchased steam. Beginning with the 1986 survey, includespurchased and nonpurchased steam and purchased and nonpurchased hot water.

NA=Not available. 

Notes: • Data are estimates. Statistics for individual fuels are 

for major sources are for all buildings, even buildings using no mnot available in time for this publication. For 2003 data, see http

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1979—Energy Information Administration (EIA)

Energy Consumption Survey." • 1983—EIA, Form EIAConsumption Survey." • 1986—EIA, Form EIA-871, "NonrSurvey." • 1989, 1992, 1995, and 1999—EIA, Form EIAConsumption Survey."
Figure 2.11 Commercial Buildings Electricity Consumption by End Use, 1999

Electricity Consumption by End UseElectricity Consumption by Principal Building Activity62 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Examples of "other" include medical, electronic, and testing equipment; conveyors,

wrappers, hoists, and compactors; washers, disposals, dryers and cleaning equipment; escalators, elevators, dumb waiters, and window washers; shop tools and electronic testingequipment; sign motors, time clocks, vending machines, phone equipment, and sprinkler

controls; scoreboards, fire alarms, intercoms, television s

operators.

2 Religious worship, public order and safety, vacant, and 

the other named categories.

Note: Data are preliminary estimates.

S T bl 2 11

793

716

555

266

226

155

65 

Cooling Lighting Office Refrigeration Ventilation Space Cooking 

0

300600900

Trillion Btu

Equipment Heating 

767

521

257 232 220 216 196 191 165 

Office Mercantile Education Health Care Warehouse Food Service Lodging Public Food Sales 

0

300600900

Trillion Btu (Cumulative) All Other Building Activities Lighting Cooling

and Storage Assembly
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 2.11 Commercial Buildings Electricity Consumption by End Use, 1999

 (Trillion Btu)

Building Characteristic

Space

Heating Cooling Ventilation

Water

Heating Lighting Cooking Refrigeration

Offi

Equip

All Buildings ................................................ 155 793 226 37 716 65 266 5Principal Building Activity

 Education .................................................. 12 66 19 2 67 3 11 5 Food Sales ............................................... 4 23 6 1 21 4 72 2 Food Service ............................................ 5 26 7 1 19 38 82 3 Health Care .............................................. 6 82 19 1 52 3 8 4 Lodging ..................................................... 21 54 14 10 45 2 12 1 Mercantile ................................................. 35 128 35 6 116 6 52 10 Office ........................................................ 45 225 53 8 168 5 6 20 Public Assembly ....................................... 8 62 15 2 50 3 9 2 Public Order and Safety ........................... 1 12 3 Q 11 Q Q  Religious Worship ..................................... 2 16 4 (s) 11 (s) 1  Service ...................................................... 6 31 12 2 44 Q Q 2 Warehouse and Storage ........................... 6 33 29 2 83 Q 9 1 Other 2 ...................................................... Q 31 9 1 27 Q Q 1 Vacant ...................................................... (s) 3 1 Q 1 Q Q 

1 Examples of "other" include medical, electronic, and testing equipment; conveyors, wrappers, hoists,

and compactors; washers, disposals, dryers and cleaning equipment; escalators, elevators, dumb waiters,and window washers; shop tools and electronic testing equipment; sign motors, time clocks, vendingmachines, phone equipment, and sprinkler controls; scoreboards, fire alarms, intercoms, television sets,radios, projectors, and door operators. 2 Includes buildings that do not fit into any of the other named categories.

(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Q=Data withheld because eith

than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • Data are preliminary estimates. • One kilowatthou

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA

Consumption Survey."
Energy Consumption by Sector

Note. Electrical System Energy Losses. Electrical system energy losses are calculated as the difference between total primary consumption by the electric powersector—see Table 2.1f—and the total energy content of electricity retail sales—seeTables 8.9 and A6. Most of these losses occur at steam-electric power plants(conventional and nuclear) in the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energyto turn electric generators. The loss is a thermodynamically necessary feature of thesteam-electric cycle. Part of the energy input-to-output losses is a result of imputingfossil energy equivalent inputs for hydroelectric, solar, and wind energy sources,

since there is no generally accepted practice for measrates. In addition to conversion losses, other losses intricity, transmission and distribution of electricity fconsumers (also called "line losses"), and unaccountare allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to etricity sales. Overall, approximately 67 percent of conversion; of electricity generated, approximately 5 9 percent is lost in transmission and distribution.

64 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Financial Indicators

3
Figure 3.1 Fossil Fuel Production Prices

Prices, 1949-2005Fossil Fuel Composite Price, Change From Previous Year, 1950-200566 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Fossil Fuel Composite

Natural

Gas

Coal

1 Calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1. Source: Table 3.1.

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

2

468

10

Chained (2000) Dollars1 per Million BtuCrude Oil

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 19

-60-40-20

0

20406080

Percent
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.1 Fossil Fuel Production Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Dollars per Million Btu)

Year

Coal 1 Natural Gas 2 Crude Oil 3 Foss

Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal 

1949 0.21 1.29 0.05 0.33 0.44 2.68 0.26 1950 0.21 1.25 0.06 0.38 0.43 2.62 0.26 1955 0.19 0.99 0.09 0.48 0.48 2.55 0.27 1960 0.19 0.92 0.13 0.60 0.50 2.36 0.28 1965 0.18 0.82 0.15 0.65 0.49 2.19 0.28 1970 0.27 0.97 0.15 0.56 0.55 1.99 0.32 1971 0.30 1.05 0.16 0.56 0.58 2.02 0.34 1972 0.33 1.09 0.17 0.57 0.58 1.94 0.35 1973 0.37 1.15 0.20 0.63 0.67 2.11 0.40 1974 0.69 1.98 0.27 0.79 1.18 3.41 0.68 1975 0.85 2.22 0.40 1.06 1.32 3.48 0.82 1976 0.86 2.13 0.53 1.32 1.41 3.51 0.90 1977 0.88 2.07 0.72 1.69 1.48 3.46 1.01 1978 0.98 2.15 0.84 1.83 1.55 3.39 1.12 1979 1.06 2.14 1.08 2.18 2.18 4.40 1.42 1980 1.10 2.04 1.45 2.68 3.72 6.89 2.04 1981 1.18 2.00 1.80 3.04 5.48 9.27 2.75 1982 1.23 1.95 2.22 3.54 4.92 7.84 2.76 1983 1.18 1.81 2.32 3.56 4.52 6.93 2.70 1984 1.16 1.72 2.40 3.55 4.46 6.60 2.65 1985 1.15 1.65 2.26 3.24 4.15 5.96 2.51 1986 1.09 1.52 1.75 2.45 2.16 3.03 1.65 1987 1.05 1.44 1.50 2.05 2.66 3.63 1.70 1988 1.01 1.34 1.52 2.01 2.17 2.87 1.53 1989 1.00 1.28 1.53 1.94 2.73 3.48 1.67 1990 1.00 1.22 1.55 1.90 3.45 4.23 1.84 1991 0.99 1.17 1.48 1.75 2.85 3.38 1.67 1992 0.97 1.12 1.57 1.82 2.76 3.19 1.66 1993 0.93 1.05 1.84 2.09 2.46 2.78 1.67 1994 0.91 1.01 1.67 1.86 2.27 2.52 1.53 1995 0.88 0.96 1.40 1.52 2.52 2.74 1.47 1996 0.87 0.92 1.96 2.09 3.18 3.39 1.82 1997 0.85 0.89 2.10 2.20 2.97 3.11 1.81 1998 0.83 0.86 1.77 1.83 1.87 1.94 1.41 1999 0.79 0.81 1.98 2.02 2.68 2.74 1.65 2000 0.80 0.80 3.32 3.32 4.61 4.61 2.60 2001 0.83 0.82 3.62 3.54 3.77 3.68 2.53 2002 0.87 0.84 2.67 2.56 3.88 3.73 2.21 2003 0.87 0.82 4.41 R4.15 4.75 R4.47 3.10 2004 R0.98 R0.89 R4.95 R4.53 6.34 R5.81 R3.62 2005P 1.19 1.06 6.80 6.06 8.67 7.73 4.81 

1 Free-on-board (f.o.b.) rail/barge prices, which are the f.o.b. prices of coal at the point of first sale,

excluding freight or shipping and insurance costs. See "Free on Board (F.O.B.)" in Glossary.

2 Wellhead prices. See "Natural Gas Wellhead Price" in Glossary. 3 Domestic first purchase prices. See "Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Price" in Glossary. 4 Derived by multiplying the price per Btu of each fossil fuel by the total Btu content of the production of

each fossil fuel and dividing this accumulated value of total fossil fuel production by the accumulated Btucontent of total fossil fuel production.

5 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross dom

Table D1. 6 Based on real values.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 5.18, 6.7, 7.8, A2, A4, and A5.
Figure 3.2 Value of Fossil Fuel Production

Overview, 1949-2005 By Fuel, 1949-2005Overview, 200568 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Production

1 Calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Sources: Tables 3.2, 3.7, and 3.8.

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

255075

100125150175

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

Nat

Ga

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

50

100150200250300

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

Production

C

Exports

Imports

265

286

28

Production Imports Exports

0

50

100150200250300350

Billion Nominal Dollars
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.2 Value of Fossil Fuel Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Dollars)

Year

Coal 1 Natural Gas 2 Crude Oil 3,4 

Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 No

1949 2.52 15.40 0.33 1.99 4.68 28.61 1950 2.91 17.59 0.44 2.66 4.95 29.97 1955 2.30 12.28 0.94 5.02 6.88 36.72 11960 2.10 9.97 1.79 8.50 7.42 35.24 11965 2.40 10.64 2.57 11.39 8.15 36.15 11970 3.88 14.11 3.73 13.53 11.19 40.62 11971 4.01 13.87 4.05 14.00 11.71 40.50 11972 4.65 15.42 4.28 14.19 11.71 38.83 21973 5.14 16.14 4.98 15.64 13.07 41.05 21974 9.65 27.79 6.48 18.66 22.00 63.36 31975 12.67 33.33 8.85 23.28 23.45 61.70 41976 13.40 33.33 11.57 28.79 24.37 60.64 41977 13.91 32.53 15.82 37.00 25.79 60.32 51978 14.65 32.02 18.18 39.72 28.60 62.51 61979 18.55 37.44 24.16 48.75 39.45 79.63 81980 20.45 37.84 32.09 59.37 67.93 125.70 121981 21.75 36.79 39.51 66.84 99.40 168.13 161982 22.84 36.41 45.71 72.88 90.03 143.53 151983 20.32 31.16 43.73 67.06 83.05 127.36 141984 22.94 33.91 48.69 71.97 84.10 124.31 151985 22.27 31.94 43.35 62.18 78.88 113.16 141986 21.18 29.73 32.71 45.90 39.63 55.63 91987 21.20 28.96 29.11 39.77 46.93 64.12 91988 20.97 27.71 30.28 40.01 37.48 49.51 81989 21.40 27.24 30.58 38.93 44.07 56.10 91990 22.39 27.45 31.80 38.97 53.77 65.91 101991 21.40 25.35 30.39 35.99 44.77 53.02 91992 20.98 24.28 32.56 37.69 41.97 48.58 91993 18.77 21.23 38.72 43.81 35.61 40.29 91994 20.06 22.23 36.46 40.40 32.07 35.53 81995 19.45 21.12 30.24 32.83 35.00 38.00 81996 19.68 20.97 42.99 45.81 43.68 46.54 101997 19.77 20.72 46.09 48.30 40.57 42.52 101998 19.75 20.47 39.12 40.56 24.80 25.71 81999 18.30 18.70 43.37 44.32 33.40 34.13 92000 18.02 18.02 74.33 74.33 56.93 56.93 142001 19.60 19.14 82.28 80.35 46.25 45.16 142002 19.68 R18.88 58.66 R56.30 47.21 R45.31 122003 19.13 R18.00 R97.47 R91.69 57.14 R53.76 R172004 R22.16 R20.32 R107.48 R98.51 R72.93 R66.84 R202005P 27.33 24.38 143.55 128.02 93.94 83.77 26

1 Coal values are based on free-on-board (f.o.b.) rail/barge prices, which are the f.o.b. prices of coal at

the point of first sale, excluding freight or shipping and insurance costs. See "Free on Board (F.O.B.)" inGlossary.

2 Natural gas values are for marketed production based on wellhead prices. See "Natural Gas

Marketed Production" and "Natural Gas Wellhead Price" in Glossary.

3 Includes lease condensate. 4 Crude oil values are based on domestic first purchase prices. See "Crude Oil Domestic First

Purchase Price" in Glossary. 5 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross dom

Table D1.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 5.1, 5.18, 6.2, 6.7, 7.2, and 7.8.
Figure 3.3 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by Source

Total Energy, 1970-2002 By Energy Type, 2002Prices2 by Energy Type, Indexed, 1970-2002 By Petroleum Product, 200270 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Gasoline Fuel Oil

$10.07 in 2002

1 Wood and waste.2 Based on nominal dollars.3 Liquefied petroleum gases.

4 Consumption-weighted average price for asphalt and roa

lubricants, petrochemical feedstocks, petroleum coke, specineous petroleum products.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 3.3.

Electricity

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

10

12

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu

21.21

8.82

5.27

1.5

Retail Petroleum Natural Biom

05

10152025

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu

Gas 

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

10

12

14

Index: 1970=1.00 Natural Gas

Petroleum

10.67

8.63

8.15

5.33

Motor Distillate LPG3 Jet Fu

0369

12

Nuclear Fuel

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu Coal

Biomass1
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.3 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by Source, 1970-2002

 (Nominal Dollars per Million Btu)

Year

Primary Energy 1

Coal 

Natural

Gas

Petroleum

Nuclear

Fuel Biomass 5 Total 6,7

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet

Fuel LPG 2

Motor

Gasoline 3

Residual

Fuel Oil Other 4 Total

1970 0.38 0.59 1.16 0.73 1.46 2.85 0.42 1.38 1.72 0.18 1.29 1.08 1971 0.42 0.63 1.22 0.77 1.49 2.90 0.58 1.45 1.79 0.18 1.31 1.15 1972 0.45 0.68 1.22 0.79 1.52 2.88 0.62 1.49 1.78 0.18 1.33 1.18 1973 0.48 0.73 1.46 0.92 2.02 3.10 0.75 1.58 1.97 0.19 1.39 1.29 1974 0.88 0.89 2.44 1.58 2.81 4.32 1.82 2.60 3.06 0.20 1.50 1.94 1975 1.03 1.18 2.60 2.05 2.97 4.65 1.93 2.94 3.35 0.24 1.50 2.19 1976 1.04 1.46 2.77 2.25 3.21 4.84 1.90 3.08 3.47 0.25 1.53 2.34 1977 1.11 1.76 3.11 2.59 3.65 5.13 2.14 3.27 3.73 0.27 1.58 2.58 1978 1.27 1.95 3.26 2.87 3.60 5.24 2.08 3.45 3.84 0.30 1.61 2.71 1979 1.36 2.31 4.69 3.90 4.50 7.11 2.83 4.70 5.23 0.34 1.88 3.47 1980 1.46 2.86 6.70 6.36 5.64 9.84 3.88 7.04 7.40 0.43 2.26 4.57 1981 1.64 3.43 8.03 7.57 6.18 10.94 4.91 8.67 8.68 0.48 R2.52 5.24 1982 1.73 4.23 7.78 7.23 6.66 10.39 4.65 7.87 8.40 0.54 R2.60 5.32 1983 1.70 4.72 7.32 6.53 7.17 9.12 4.50 7.60 7.77 0.58 R2.44 5.11 1984 1.71 4.75 7.37 6.25 6.93 8.89 4.75 7.67 7.68 0.67 R2.53 5.03 1985 1.69 4.61 7.22 5.91 R6.55 9.01 4.30 7.55 7.63 0.71 R2.47 R4.92 1986 1.62 4.07 5.68 3.92 R6.44 6.79 2.37 5.80 5.73 0.70 R2.12 R3.97 1987 1.53 3.77 5.97 4.03 R6.07 7.23 2.86 5.63 6.04 0.71 2.07 3.99 1988 1.50 3.78 5.83 3.80 R5.88 7.33 2.35 5.26 5.91 0.73 R2.09 R3.89 1989 1.48 3.82 6.43 4.39 R5.54 8.02 2.72 5.50 6.43 0.70 R1.42 R4.07 1990 1.49 3.82 7.68 5.68 R6.77 9.12 3.17 5.82 7.47 0.67 R1.32 4.45 1991 1.48 3.74 7.29 4.83 R6.81 8.93 2.62 5.74 7.20 0.63 R1.39 4.28 1992 1.45 3.83 7.09 4.52 R6.21 8.96 2.28 5.52 7.07 0.59 R1.32 R4.24 1993 1.42 4.10 7.08 4.29 R6.23 8.83 2.26 5.50 7.01 0.56 R1.28 4.25 1994 1.39 4.08 6.99 3.95 R6.66 8.96 2.32 5.47 7.06 0.56 R1.39 4.27 1995 1.37 3.73 6.98 4.00 R6.56 9.22 2.46 5.74 7.29 0.54 R1.40 4.23 1996 1.33 4.25 7.87 4.82 R8.03 9.85 2.80 6.19 R8.02 0.51 R1.25 4.63 1997 1.32 4.53 7.66 4.53 R7.43 9.81 2.93 5.88 7.86 0.51 R1.15 4.66 1998 1.29 4.13 6.57 3.35 R6.01 8.45 2.15 5.04 6.64 0.50 R1.27 4.07 1999 1.27 4.16 7.19 4.01 6.65 9.31 2.51 5.30 7.33 0.48 R1.34 4.36 2000 1.24 5.62 9.86 6.60 R10.20 12.01 4.32 6.97 9.91 0.46 R1.58 5.71 2001 1.29 6.87 9.17 5.72 R9.61 11.35 3.99 R6.37 R9.32 0.44 R1.61 5.79 2002 1.30 5.27 8.63 5.33 8.15 10.67 3.98 6.56 8.82 0.44 1.59 5.23 

1 Consumption-weighted average prices for all sectors, including the electric power sector. 2 Liquefied petroleum gases. 3 Beginning in 1993, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 4 Consumption-weighted average price for asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants,

petrochemical feedstocks, petroleum coke, special naphthas, waxes, and miscellaneous petroleumproducts.

5 Wood and waste. 6 Includes coal coke imports and exports, which are not separately displayed. In 2002, coal coke

imports averaged 3.04 dollars per million Btu, and coal coke exports averaged 3.25 dollars per million Btu. 7 Includes net imports of electricity, which are not separately displayed. Also, in 1981-1992, includesethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline data for those years.

8 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers.

9 Consumption-weighted average electric power sector pric

fuel, wood, waste, and net imports of electricity.

10 Retail electricity prices paid by ultimate customers, reported 

other energy service providers.

11 Consumption-weighted average price for primary energy 

sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, and transportationsector.

R=Revised. Notes: • Prices include taxes where data are available

hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, or solar energy.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.d

States page).

Source: Energy Information Administration, "State Energy D

2006), U.S. Table 1. 
Figure 3.4 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 2002

By Sector Residential Sector by Major SourcesCommercial Sector by Major Sources Industrial Sector by Major Sources72 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

14.75 14.7

9.64

6.29

Residential Commercial Transportation Industrial

048

12

16

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu

14.70

24.81

10.42

Retail Petroleum 

07

14

21

28

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu

Electricity 

14.39

6.43

4.37

Retail Petroleum Natural 

07

14

21

28

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu

22.85

6.97 6.49

Retail Petroleum Natural

07

14

21

28

Nominal Dollars per Million Btu

Electricity Gas Gas Electricity

1 Wood and waste.

Notes: • Consumer prices are intended to represent prices paid by consumers. As such

they include taxes where data are available. • There are no direct fuel costs for hydroelectric,

geothermal, wind, or solar energy. • Because vertical sc

compared.

Source: Table 3.4.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.4 Consumer Price Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 1970-2002

 (Nominal Dollars per Million Btu)

Year

Residential Commercial Industrial 

Natural

Gas Petroleum

Retail

Electricity 1 Total 2

Natural

Gas Petroleum

Retail

Electricity 1 Total 3 Coal

Natural

Gas Petroleum Biomass 4

Retail

Electricity 1 To

1970 1.06 1.56 6.51 2.10 0.75 0.90 6.09 1.98 0.45 0.38 0.98 1.59 2.99 01971 1.12 1.61 6.80 2.24 0.80 1.01 6.44 2.16 0.50 0.41 1.05 1.59 3.22 01972 1.18 1.63 7.09 2.37 0.86 1.04 6.71 2.33 0.55 0.46 1.05 1.59 3.40 01973 1.26 2.11 7.44 2.72 0.91 1.20 7.06 2.56 0.63 0.50 1.18 1.60 3.66 11974 1.42 2.87 9.09 3.38 1.05 2.25 8.91 3.41 1.22 0.67 2.24 1.60 4.95 11975 1.67 3.04 10.29 3.81 1.32 2.39 10.11 4.08 1.50 0.95 2.46 1.60 6.07 21976 1.94 3.26 10.93 4.13 1.61 2.49 10.82 4.39 1.50 1.21 2.57 1.60 6.48 21977 2.30 3.66 11.87 4.77 2.00 2.84 11.99 5.13 1.56 1.48 2.84 1.59 7.33 21978 2.52 3.79 12.63 5.13 2.20 2.92 12.78 5.51 1.73 1.66 2.96 1.60 8.18 31979 2.92 5.33 13.60 6.00 2.69 4.15 13.72 6.28 1.75 1.96 3.99 1.60 8.94 31980 3.60 7.26 15.71 7.46 3.32 5.64 16.06 7.85 1.87 2.52 5.75 1.67 10.81 41981 4.19 8.68 18.17 8.82 3.91 7.00 18.44 9.49 2.06 3.07 6.84 1.67 12.57 51982 5.05 8.69 20.11 R9.78 4.70 6.65 20.11 10.37 2.09 3.80 6.51 1.67 14.51 61983 5.88 8.43 21.04 10.66 5.43 6.51 20.57 10.94 1.91 4.10 6.57 1.67 14.54 61984 5.95 8.47 20.96 R10.68 5.40 6.49 20.89 11.10 1.91 4.13 6.56 1.67 14.16 61985 5.94 8.17 21.66 R10.91 5.34 6.38 21.30 11.65 1.90 3.87 6.29 1.67 14.57 61986 5.67 6.82 21.75 R10.75 4.94 4.32 21.10 11.22 1.80 3.20 4.92 1.65 14.45 51987 5.39 6.66 21.82 10.71 4.64 4.65 20.44 10.98 1.67 2.88 4.96 1.65 13.98 51988 5.32 6.63 21.92 R10.66 4.51 4.38 20.34 10.82 1.68 2.90 4.62 1.65 13.78 51989 5.47 7.59 22.41 11.02 4.61 4.99 20.77 R11.27 1.68 2.93 4.69 1.20 13.85 41990 5.63 8.75 22.96 11.88 4.70 5.95 R21.20 R11.89 1.69 2.95 5.48 0.99 13.92 51991 5.66 8.56 23.57 12.08 4.69 5.44 21.73 R12.07 1.67 2.80 5.31 1.14 14.18 51992 5.73 7.89 24.06 11.98 4.75 5.23 22.15 R12.17 1.69 2.91 5.00 1.13 14.18 51993 5.99 7.73 24.40 12.28 5.08 5.00 22.40 R12.58 1.63 3.12 4.93 1.12 14.22 51994 6.23 7.81 24.57 R12.63 5.35 4.89 22.35 R12.74 1.62 3.09 5.04 1.15 14.00 51995 5.89 7.75 24.63 R12.63 4.94 4.97 R22.29 R12.64 1.63 2.80 5.20 1.21 13.68 41996 6.16 8.92 24.50 R12.73 5.26 6.01 R22.17 R12.78 1.62 3.30 6.04 R1.01 13.49 51997 6.75 8.90 24.71 13.29 R5.67 5.92 22.03 R13.05 1.62 3.53 5.68 1.01 13.29 R51998 6.61 7.88 24.21 R13.48 5.38 4.88 21.48 R13.07 1.58 3.16 4.54 R1.24 13.13 R41999 6.50 8.12 R23.93 R13.19 5.22 5.35 R21.01 R12.87 1.58 3.21 5.07 R1.38 R12.98 R52000 7.64 11.55 24.14 14.27 6.56 8.09 21.52 R13.93 1.55 4.61 7.50 R1.43 13.60 R62001 R9.41 11.68 R25.29 15.72 8.32 7.66 R23.15 R15.63 1.63 R5.71 6.75 R1.54 R14.59 R62002 7.71 10.42 24.81 14.75 6.49 6.97 22.85 14.70 1.75 4.37 6.43 1.50 14.39 6

1 Retail electricity prices paid by ultimate customers, reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996,

other energy service providers.

2 Includes coal and wood, which are not separately displayed. 3 Includes coal, wood, and waste, which are not separately displayed. 4 Wood and waste. 5 Includes imports and exports of coal coke, which are not separately displayed. 6 Beginning in 1993, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 7 Includes coal, natural gas, and retail electricity, which are not separately displayed. Also, in

1981-1992, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not inclu

years.

Notes: • Prices include taxes where data are available. • T

hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, or solar energy.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/

States page).

Source: Energy Information Administration, "State Energy Data 200

2006), U.S. Tables 2-5. 
Figure 3.5 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by Source

Total Energy, 1970-2002 By Energy Type, 2002Expenditures2 by Energy Type, Indexed, 1970-2002 By Petroleum Product, 200274 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Wood and waste.2 Based on nominal dollars.3 Liquefied petroleum gases.

4 Asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubr

petroleum coke, special naphthas, waxes, and miscellaneous 

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 3.5.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

200400600800

Billion Nominal Dollars

Electricity Gas

$662 billion in 2002 320

248

111

29

Petroleum Retail Natural Coa

0

50

100150200250300350

Billion Nominal Dollars

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

10

12

14

Index: 1970=1.00

Gasoline 

Retail

Electricity

180

69

23 18

Motor Distillate LPG3 Jet F

0

50

100150200

Petroleum

Billion Nominal Dollars

Natural

Gas

Coal

Fuel Oil
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.5 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by Source, 1970-2002

 (Million Nominal Dollars)

Year

Primary Energy 1

Coal 

Coal Coke

Net

Imports 2

Natural

Gas

Petroleum

Nuclear

Fuel Biomass 6 Total 7

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet

Fuel LPG 3

Motor

Gasoline 4

Residual

Fuel Oil Other 5 Total

1970 4,630 -75 10,891 6,253 1,441 2,446 31,596 2,046 4,172 47,955 44 438 63,896 1971 4,902 -40 12,065 6,890 1,582 2,531 33,478 2,933 4,449 51,864 73 446 69,331 1972 5,415 -26 13,198 7,552 1,682 2,889 35,346 3,458 4,777 55,702 104 476 74,911 1973 6,243 7 13,933 9,524 2,001 3,933 39,667 4,667 5,318 65,109 177 502 86,052 1974 11,118 150 16,380 15,217 3,208 5,273 54,194 10,547 8,284 96,723 259 544 125,272 1975 13,021 82 20,061 15,680 4,193 5,231 59,446 10,374 8,493 103,416 448 534 137,629 1976 14,051 44 25,097 18,402 4,567 5,993 64,977 11,648 9,925 115,513 520 622 155,935 1977 15,416 67 29,602 22,004 5,517 6,824 70,591 14,381 11,790 131,106 743 694 177,826 1978 17,551 362 33,185 23,587 6,205 6,621 74,513 13,747 13,348 138,021 915 782 191,061 1979 20,376 259 40,785 32,854 8,603 9,383 95,916 17,656 18,785 183,197 941 964 246,800 1980 22,607 -78 51,061 40,797 13,923 10,926 124,408 21,573 26,049 237,676 1,189 R1,231 R314,039 1981 26,159 -31 60,544 48,200 15,607 11,900 138,138 22,668 28,571 265,084 1,436 R1,429 R355,334 1982 26,349 -52 68,292 44,087 14,974 12,925 130,305 17,632 22,447 242,372 1,684 R1,510 R341,007 1983 26,987 -44 72,000 41,846 13,979 14,083 115,803 14,099 21,573 221,382 1,859 R1,517 R324,806 1984 29,025 -22 77,169 44,668 15,097 14,143 114,429 14,410 22,646 225,392 2,384 R1,608 R336,789 1985 29,678 -34 72,938 43,972 14,747 R13,579 118,048 11,493 22,088 R223,928 2,878 R1,597 R332,372 1986 27,855 -40 59,702 35,113 10,505 R12,726 91,529 7,486 17,647 R175,005 3,061 R1,352 R268,143 1987 27,532 7 58,019 37,729 11,448 R12,887 99,864 8,062 17,687 R187,677 3,378 1,300 R279,409 1988 28,333 116 61,089 38,776 11,318 R12,806 103,323 7,259 16,779 R190,260 4,057 R1,378 R286,431 1989 28,284 137 R66,198 43,159 13,434 R12,187 112,720 8,357 17,060 R206,917 3,939 R2,270 R308,618 1990 28,602 22 R65,278 49,335 17,784 R13,715 126,558 8,721 19,255 R235,368 4,104 R1,997 R336,003 1991 28,129 44 R65,956 45,269 14,609 R14,976 123,118 6,784 18,231 R222,987 4,073 R2,165 R324,326 1992 27,776 126 R70,086 45,019 13,559 R14,213 125,249 5,585 18,363 R221,988 3,802 R2,194 R327,099 1993 28,229 96 77,052 45,732 13,002 R14,018 126,560 5,449 18,318 R223,079 3,597 R2,193 R334,640 1994 27,715 214 R78,581 47,002 12,474 R16,361 130,068 5,296 18,701 R229,901 3,777 R2,521 R343,347 1995 27,431 234 75,020 47,533 12,525 R16,306 136,647 4,676 19,218 R236,905 3,810 R2,938 R346,901 1996 28,028 156 R86,904 56,455 15,770 R21,208 148,344 5,313 21,086 R268,176 3,624 R2,668 R390,097 1997 R28,277 170 R93,382 55,910 15,000 R19,905 149,668 5,206 21,578 R267,266 3,369 R2,423 R395,393 1998 27,888 188 R83,620 48,350 11,239 R15,388 132,730 4,280 19,912 R231,898 3,555 R2,477 R350,026 1999 27,310 140 R84,960 54,586 13,878 R19,184 149,260 4,686 21,226 R262,820 3,643 R2,661 R382,057 2000 28,080 146 R119,092 78,207 23,636 R29,879 193,947 8,870 26,212 R360,751 3,628 R3,196 R515,218 2001 R28,139 82 R139,296 74,924 19,602 R25,734 185,892 7,266 R22,971 R336,389 3,498 R2,912 R510,531 2002 28,511 180 111,366 69,262 17,802 23,148 179,508 6,268 24,040 320,028 3,547 2,650 466,484 

1 Expenditures by all sectors, including the electric power sector. 2 Values derive from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Monthly Report IM-145"

and "Monthly Report EM-545," and may differ slightly from those shown on Table 3.9, which derive fromBureau of the Census, U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services, FT600 series. 3 Liquefied petroleum gases. 4 Beginning in 1993, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 5 Asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, petrochemical feedstocks, petroleumcoke, special naphthas, waxes, and miscellaneous petroleum products.

6 Wood and waste. 7 Includes net imports of electricity, which are not separately displayed. Also, in 1981-1992, includes

ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline data for those years.

8 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American Industry

Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to thepublic. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities andindependent power producers.

9 Expenditures by the electric power sector for coal, natura

and net imports of electricity. Values are negative so the colum

10 Retail electricity expenditures by ultimate customers, rep

1996, other energy service providers.

11 Expenditures for primary energy and retail electricity 

commercial, industrial, and transportation); excludes expenditur

R=Revised. Notes: • Expenditures include taxes where data are avai

hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, or solar energy. • Totals maindependent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.g

page).

Source: Energy Information Administration, "State Energy D

2006), U.S. Table 1. 
Figure 3.6 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 2002

By Sector Residential Sector by Major Sources1Commercial Sector by Major Sources2 Industrial Sector by Major Sources376 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

252

162

129 120

Transportation Residential Industrial Commercial

0

100200300

Billion Nominal Dollars

107

38

Retail Electricity Natural Gas 

0

20406080

100120

Billion Nominal Dollars

47 46

31

Retail Petroleum Natural 

0

20406080

100120

Billion Nominal Dollars

94

21

5

Retail Natural Petroleum

0

20406080

100120

Billion Nominal Dollars

Electricity Gas Electricity Gas

1 Expenditures for coal and wood are not displayed.2 Expenditures for coal, wood, and waste are not displayed.3 Expenditures for imports and exports of coal are not displayed.4 Wood and waste.

Notes: • Petroleum accounts for nearly all transportation se

direct fuel costs for hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, or solathe sum of components due to independent rounding. • Becshould not be compared.

Source: Table 3.6.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.6 Consumer Expenditure Estimates for Energy by End-Use Sector, 1970-2002

 (Million Nominal Dollars)

Year

Residential Commercial Industrial 

Natural

Gas Petroleum

Retail

Electricity 1 Total 2

Natural

Gas Petroleum

Retail

Electricity 1 Total 3 Coal

Natural

Gas Petroleum Biomass 4

Retail

Electricity 1 Total 5 

1970 5,272 4,286 10,352 20,213 1,844 1,391 7,319 10,628 2,082 2,625 6,069 366 5,624 16,691 1971 5,702 4,466 11,589 22,033 2,060 1,523 8,301 11,970 1,971 3,019 6,663 374 6,256 18,244 1972 6,223 4,731 13,034 24,203 2,289 1,599 9,443 13,410 2,212 3,335 7,180 404 7,173 20,278 1973 6,282 5,957 14,712 27,137 2,421 1,881 10,707 15,094 2,527 3,936 8,600 425 8,284 23,779 1974 6,949 7,392 17,924 32,563 2,741 3,205 13,373 19,494 4,704 4,971 15,408 421 11,184 36,837 1975 8,410 7,582 20,644 36,932 3,385 3,133 16,157 22,869 5,498 5,844 15,544 386 13,760 41,113 1976 9,992 8,857 22,621 41,785 4,379 3,638 18,148 26,345 5,448 7,484 18,384 443 16,083 47,887 1977 11,324 9,872 26,132 47,694 5,094 4,297 21,023 30,611 5,360 8,958 22,190 464 18,956 55,996 1978 12,565 9,926 29,069 51,949 5,812 4,230 23,166 33,443 5,722 10,114 23,203 511 21,798 61,710 1979 14,772 11,276 31,683 58,267 7,623 5,534 25,433 38,819 6,247 12,110 33,705 512 24,797 77,630 1980 17,497 12,695 38,458 R69,418 8,858 7,267 30,611 46,932 5,888 16,350 42,765 529 28,863 94,316 1981 19,502 13,394 44,780 R78,630 10,085 7,628 37,484 R55,462 6,441 20,432 47,171 558 34,007 108,578 1982 23,987 12,526 50,045 R87,618 12,565 6,706 41,759 61,343 5,301 20,504 41,841 540 35,364 103,498 1983 26,564 11,486 53,918 R92,948 13,602 7,392 43,529 R64,825 4,735 21,461 38,437 610 37,017 102,216 1984 27,873 12,433 55,777 R97,170 14,012 8,121 47,304 69,763 5,420 23,763 41,563 622 39,050 110,395 1985 27,136 12,894 58,672 R99,772 13,368 6,671 50,092 70,396 5,252 21,615 38,876 619 40,190 106,518 1986 25,147 10,613 60,776 R97,353 11,770 4,869 51,449 68,337 4,745 16,479 30,567 639 39,271 91,661 1987 23,926 10,875 63,318 98,851 11,601 5,078 51,900 68,795 4,448 15,909 31,092 636 39,109 91,201 1988 25,332 11,204 66,793 R104,104 12,377 4,655 54,411 71,669 4,744 17,257 29,123 662 40,507 92,410 1989 R26,951 12,739 69,243 109,770 R12,908 4,998 57,460 R75,610 4,650 18,770 28,561 1,323 42,255 95,695 1990 R25,439 12,308 R72,378 R111,097 R12,681 5,669 R60,627 R79,284 4,636 19,348 34,132 906 43,358 102,402 1991 26,508 11,916 76,828 R116,212 R13,175 4,871 R63,407 R81,740 4,332 18,912 32,511 1,034 44,201 101,034 1992 R27,599 11,264 76,848 R116,631 R13,685 4,469 R64,233 R82,676 4,245 20,553 32,225 1,079 45,474 103,703 1993 R30,533 11,200 82,814 R125,351 R14,967 3,903 R67,626 R86,790 4,060 22,367 31,550 R1,146 45,726 104,946 1994 R31,028 11,089 84,552 R127,395 R15,927 3,847 R69,637 R89,694 4,060 R22,556 33,626 1,279 46,257 R107,992 1995 R29,362 10,715 87,610 R128,388 R15,383 3,638 R72,481 R91,788 4,068 21,487 34,170 1,699 45,402 107,060 1996 R33,219 13,278 R90,503 R137,822 R17,106 4,518 R74,121 R96,053 3,943 26,167 40,796 R1,432 R46,102 R118,596 1997 34,590 12,712 R90,704 R138,674 R18,755 4,168 R77,153 R100,396 3,887 28,411 39,833 R1,435 R45,610 R119,347 1998 30,875 10,352 R93,360 R135,101 R16,667 3,222 R78,999 R99,138 3,566 24,515 32,220 R1,600 R45,634 R107,723 1999 31,577 11,956 R93,482 R137,573 R16,351 3,540 R79,141 R99,290 3,457 24,079 36,941 R1,786 R45,429 R111,833 2000 38,959 18,051 98,209 R156,089 21,339 6,121 R85,129 R112,870 3,507 34,624 53,512 R1,888 47,859 R141,536 2001 R46,189 17,970 R103,665 R168,550 R25,879 5,678 R94,081 R125,921 R3,572 R38,597 R46,986 R1,751 R47,298 R138,285 2002 38,490 15,235 107,106 161,505 20,926 4,748 93,960 119,924 3,526 31,031 45,511 1,385 46,894 128,528 

1 Retail electricity expenditures by ultimate customers, reported by electric utilities and, beginning in

1996, other energy service providers.

2 Includes coal and wood, which are not separately displayed. 3 Includes coal, wood, and waste, which are not separately displayed. 4 Wood and waste. 5 Includes imports and exports of coal coke, which are not separately displayed. 6 Beginning in 1993, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 7 Includes coal, natural gas, and retail electricity, which are not separately displayed. Also, in

1981-1992, includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the petroleum data for those

years.

Notes: • Expenditures include taxes where data are available. • There 

hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, or solar energy. • Totals may not equal the independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/s

States page).

Source: Energy Information Administration, "State Energy Data 2002: Price

2006), U.S. Tables 2-5. 
Figure 3.7 Value of Fossil Fuel Imports

Total, 1949-2005 By Fuel, 1949-2005By Fuel, 200578 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1.2 Natural gas, coal, and coal coke.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 3.7.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

4080

120160200240280

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

255075

100125150175

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

183

67

36

Crude Oil Petroleum Products Other2

0

50

100150200

Billion Nominal Dollars
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.7 Value of Fossil Fuel Imports, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Dollars)

Year

Coal Coal Coke Natural Gas Crude Oil 1 Petroleum Products 2 

Nominal Real 3 Nominal Real 3 Nominal Real 3 Nominal Real 3 Nominal Real 3 

1949 (s) 0.01 (s) 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.30 1.86 0.14 0.84 1950 (s) 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.37 2.23 0.21 1.30 1955 (s) 0.01 (s) 0.01 (s) 0.01 0.65 3.49 0.44 2.36 1960 (s) 0.01 (s) 0.01 0.03 0.13 0.90 4.25 0.73 3.48 1965 (s) 0.01 (s) 0.01 0.11 0.47 1.12 4.97 0.92 4.10 1970 (s) (s) (s) 0.01 0.26 0.94 1.26 4.58 1.48 5.38 1971 (s) 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.31 1.08 1.69 5.84 1.66 5.73 1972 (s) (s) (s) 0.02 0.31 1.04 2.37 7.85 1.99 6.59 1973 (s) 0.01 0.04 0.12 0.36 1.14 4.24 13.31 3.50 10.98 1974 0.06 0.17 0.19 0.56 0.53 1.53 15.25 43.92 11.01 31.71 1975 0.02 0.06 0.16 0.41 1.15 3.03 18.29 48.13 6.77 17.81 1976 0.02 0.04 0.11 0.28 1.66 4.13 25.46 63.33 6.65 16.55 1977 0.04 0.09 0.13 0.31 2.00 4.68 33.59 78.57 8.42 19.69 1978 0.07 0.16 0.41 0.89 2.06 4.50 32.30 70.59 7.30 15.96 1979 0.05 0.10 0.34 0.69 3.13 6.31 46.06 92.96 10.45 21.09 1980 0.03 0.06 0.05 0.10 4.21 7.80 61.90 114.54 12.54 23.21 1981 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.07 4.41 7.46 61.46 103.96 14.30 24.18 1982 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 4.69 7.48 45.72 72.89 13.86 22.10 1983 0.04 0.07 (s) (s) 4.39 6.73 36.49 55.96 14.84 22.76 1984 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.07 3.44 5.08 36.44 53.87 17.87 26.41 1985 0.07 0.10 0.04 0.06 3.05 4.37 32.90 47.20 17.47 25.05 1986 0.08 0.11 0.03 0.04 1.82 2.56 22.61 31.73 12.18 17.10 1987 0.06 0.08 0.05 0.08 1.93 2.64 29.13 39.80 12.37 16.89 1988 0.06 0.08 0.19 0.26 2.38 3.14 27.55 36.39 12.43 16.43 1989 0.10 0.12 0.22 0.28 2.51 3.19 35.53 45.23 13.50 17.18 1990 0.09 0.11 0.07 0.09 2.97 3.64 43.78 53.66 16.90 20.72 1991 0.11 0.13 0.09 0.11 3.24 3.83 36.90 43.70 13.17 15.60 1992 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.17 3.96 4.58 38.55 44.63 11.98 13.87 1993 0.25 0.29 0.17 0.19 4.77 5.40 38.47 43.53 11.74 13.28 1994 0.27 0.30 0.27 0.30 4.90 5.43 38.48 42.63 11.14 12.35 1995 0.32 0.35 0.33 0.35 4.23 4.59 42.81 46.48 9.95 10.80 1996 0.27 0.29 0.24 0.26 5.79 6.17 54.93 58.53 15.27 16.27 1997 0.26 0.27 0.25 0.27 6.50 6.81 54.23 56.83 416.93 417.74 1998 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.30 6.21 6.44 37.25 38.61 13.01 13.49 1999 0.28 0.29 0.23 0.23 8.03 8.21 50.89 52.00 16.28 16.64 2000 0.38 0.38 0.25 0.25 14.94 14.94 89.88 89.88 29.38 29.38 2001 0.67 0.66 0.19 0.19 17.62 17.21 74.29 72.55 28.45 27.79 2002 0.60 0.58 0.24 0.23 12.61 R12.10 79.25 R76.07 23.52 R22.57 2003 0.79 0.74 0.24 R0.22 R20.39 R19.18 101.80 R95.76 30.64 R28.82 2004 1.02 R0.94 1.23 R1.13 24.74 R22.68 R136.03 R124.68 R43.24 R39.63 2005P 1.42 1.27 0.78 0.70 E33.98 E30.31 182.75 162.98 67.03 59.78 

1 Beginning in 1977, includes imports into the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. 2 Includes petroleum preparations, liquefied propane and butane, and, beginning in 1997, other mineral

fuels. 3 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. SeeTable D1.

4 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1996 and 1997 due to the addition of the

commodity category "Other Mineral Fuels."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. (s)=Less than 0.005 billion. Notes: • Includes value of imports into Puerto Rico from foreign countries; excludes receipts into the 50

States and the District of Columbia from the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. • Totals may not equal sum ofcomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/finan.html.Sources: Coal and Coal Coke: Bureau of the Census, Foreign Trade Division, upublished data. 

Natural Gas: • 1949-1962—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Im

FT110. • 1963—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Imports o• 1964-1971—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Imports for Consumpand 1973—Federal Power Commission, Pipeline Imports and Exof LNG. • 1974-1977—Federal Power Commission, United Sannual reports. • 1978-1981—Energy Information AdministNatural Gas, annual reports. • 1982-2000—EIA, Natura• 2001-2004—EIA, NGM (March 2006), Table 6. • 2005—Products: • 1949-1962—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Imports • 1963—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Imports of M• 1964-1988—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Imports for Consumthe Census, Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Merchandise Trade, FGoods by Principal SITC Commodity Groupings," December issu
Figure 3.8 Value of Fossil Fuel Exports

Total, 1949-2005 By Fuel, 1949-2005By Fuel, 200580 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1.2 Coal, crude oil, and coal coke.3 Natural gas, crude oil, and coal coke.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 3.8.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

07

14

21

28

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0369

12

1518

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1 

Coal

Products

18

6

4

Petroleum Natural Gas Other2

0369

12

1518

21

Billion Nominal Dollars
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.8 Value of Fossil Fuel Exports, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Dollars)

Year

Coal Coal Coke Natural Gas Crude Oil Petroleum Products 1 

Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 

1949 0.30 1.82 0.01 0.05 (s) 0.01 0.10 0.60 0.46 2.82 1950 0.27 1.63 0.01 0.04 (s) 0.02 0.10 0.62 0.39 2.39 1955 0.48 2.59 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.21 0.60 3.20 1960 0.35 1.68 0.01 0.03 (s) 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.47 2.22 1965 0.48 2.12 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.03 (s) 0.02 0.44 1.95 1970 0.96 3.49 0.08 0.29 0.03 0.11 0.02 0.07 0.50 1.82 1971 0.90 3.12 0.04 0.16 0.04 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.50 1.74 1972 0.98 3.26 0.03 0.10 0.04 0.13 (s) 0.01 0.49 1.62 1973 1.01 3.18 0.03 0.10 0.04 0.13 (s) 0.01 0.57 1.80 1974 2.44 7.02 0.04 0.13 0.05 0.16 0.01 0.04 0.87 2.51 1975 3.26 8.58 0.07 0.20 0.09 0.24 (s) (s) 1.01 2.65 1976 2.91 7.24 0.07 0.17 0.10 0.25 0.03 0.07 1.07 2.66 1977 2.66 6.21 0.07 0.17 0.11 0.25 0.21 0.49 1.14 2.66 1978 2.05 4.48 0.05 0.11 0.11 0.24 0.39 0.85 1.23 2.69 1979 3.40 6.86 0.08 0.16 0.13 0.26 0.39 0.80 1.58 3.20 1980 4.63 8.56 0.13 0.24 0.23 0.42 0.75 1.39 2.12 3.92 1981 5.92 10.01 0.07 0.13 0.35 0.59 0.58 0.98 3.24 5.48 1982 5.99 9.55 0.06 0.10 0.30 0.48 0.47 0.75 5.86 9.34 1983 4.06 6.22 0.05 0.07 0.28 0.43 0.22 0.34 4.88 7.48 1984 4.13 6.11 0.07 0.10 0.27 0.40 0.19 0.27 4.62 6.82 1985 4.47 6.41 0.08 0.11 0.26 0.38 0.23 0.32 4.90 7.02 1986 3.93 5.52 0.07 0.09 0.17 0.24 0.12 0.16 3.77 5.29 1987 3.40 4.65 0.05 0.07 0.17 0.23 0.13 0.17 3.80 5.19 1988 4.01 5.30 0.08 0.10 0.20 0.27 0.08 0.10 2.72 3.60 1989 4.29 5.46 0.08 0.10 0.27 0.34 0.21 0.26 2.65 3.38 1990 4.51 5.53 0.05 0.06 0.27 0.32 0.14 0.17 4.23 5.19 1991 4.62 5.47 0.05 0.06 0.33 0.40 0.03 0.04 4.65 5.51 1992 4.24 4.91 0.04 0.05 0.49 0.56 0.03 0.04 4.27 4.94 1993 3.09 3.49 0.06 0.07 0.36 0.41 0.02 0.02 4.15 4.69 1994 2.85 3.16 0.04 0.04 0.40 0.45 0.05 0.05 3.36 3.72 1995 3.57 3.87 0.05 0.05 0.37 0.40 0.01 0.01 3.56 3.87 1996 3.69 3.93 0.06 0.07 0.46 0.49 0.56 0.60 4.25 4.53 1997 3.39 3.55 0.05 0.06 0.47 0.50 1.04 1.09 37.55 37.91 1998 3.04 3.15 0.04 0.05 0.39 0.40 0.90 0.93 5.68 5.89 1999 2.13 2.18 0.03 0.03 0.43 0.44 0.77 0.79 6.35 6.48 2000 2.04 2.04 0.05 0.05 1.00 1.00 0.46 0.46 9.73 9.73 2001 1.80 1.76 0.11 0.11 1.56 1.53 0.19 0.18 8.68 8.48 2002 1.60 1.54 0.06 0.06 1.76 1.69 0.09 0.09 8.65 R8.30 2003 1.55 1.46 0.07 0.07 R3.77 R3.54 0.16 0.15 10.05 R9.45 2004 2.60 R2.38 0.11 0.10 5.20 R4.77 R0.28 R0.25 R12.85 R11.78 2005P 3.35 2.99 0.15 0.13 E5.90 E5.26 0.63 0.56 18.37 16.38 

1 Includes petroleum preparations, liquefied propane and butane, and, beginning in 1997, other mineral

fuels. 2 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. SeeTable D1.

3 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1996 and 1997 due to the addition of the

commodity category "Other Mineral Fuels."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. (s)=Less than 0.005 billion. Notes: • Includes value of exports from Puerto Rico to foreign countries; excludes shipments from the

50 States and the District of Columbia to the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. • Totals may not equal sumof components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/finan.html.

Sources: Coal and Coal Coke: Bureau of the Census, F

Natural Gas: • 1949-1971—Bureau of the Census, U.S. ExpPower Commission, Pipeline Imports and Exports of Natur• 1974-1977—Federal Power Commission, United States Imreports. • 1978-1981—Energy Information Administration (EIA)annual reports. • 1982-2000—EIA, Natural Gas Monthly (NGNGM (March 2006), Table 6. • 2005—EIA estimate. Cr

1949-1988—Bureau of the Census, U.S. Exports, FT410. • 198

Trade Division, U.S. Merchandise Trade, FT900, "Exhibit 15. SITC Commodity Groupings," December issues.
Figure 3.9 Value of Fossil Fuel Net Imports, 1949-2005

Value of Fossil Fuel Net ImportsValue of Fossil Fuel Net Imports by Fuel82 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1. 2 Includes small amounts of coal coke.

Note: Negative net imports are net exports. Source: Table 3.9.

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 19

-50

0

50

100150200250

-50

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 19

-50

0

50

100150200250

-50

Billion Chained (2000) Dollars1

Coal2

Natural Gas

Crude Oil and

Petroleum Products
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.9 Value of Fossil Fuel Net Imports, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Dollars)

Year

Coal Coal Coke Natural Gas Crude Oil Petroleum Products 1 

Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 

1949 -0.29 -1.80 (s) -0.03 (s) -0.01 0.21 1.26 -0.32 -1.98 1950 -0.27 -1.61 (s) -0.01 (s) -0.02 0.27 1.61 -0.18 -1.09 1955 -0.48 -2.57 -0.01 -0.04 -0.01 -0.03 0.62 3.29 -0.16 -0.84 1960 -0.35 -1.67 -0.01 -0.03 0.02 0.12 0.89 4.22 0.26 1.26 1965 -0.48 -2.11 -0.01 -0.07 0.10 0.44 1.11 4.95 0.48 2.15 1970 -0.96 -3.49 -0.08 -0.27 0.23 0.83 1.24 4.51 0.98 3.56 1971 -0.90 -3.11 -0.04 -0.14 0.27 0.95 1.68 5.82 1.15 3.99 1972 -0.98 -3.26 -0.03 -0.09 0.28 0.91 2.37 7.85 1.50 4.97 1973 -1.01 -3.18 0.01 0.02 0.32 1.01 4.24 13.31 2.93 9.19 1974 -2.38 -6.85 0.15 0.43 0.48 1.37 15.24 43.89 10.14 29.20 1975 -3.24 -8.52 0.08 0.22 1.06 2.79 18.29 48.13 5.76 15.16 1976 -2.89 -7.20 0.04 0.11 1.56 3.88 25.43 63.26 5.58 13.89 1977 -2.62 -6.12 0.06 0.14 1.89 4.43 33.38 78.08 7.28 17.03 1978 -1.98 -4.32 0.36 0.79 1.95 4.26 31.91 69.73 6.07 13.27 1979 -3.35 -6.75 0.26 0.52 3.00 6.05 45.66 92.16 8.87 17.89 1980 -4.60 -8.51 -0.08 -0.14 3.98 7.37 61.15 113.15 10.42 19.28 1981 -5.89 -9.96 -0.03 -0.05 4.06 6.87 60.88 102.98 11.06 18.71 1982 -5.97 -9.52 -0.05 -0.08 4.39 7.00 45.25 72.15 8.00 12.76 1983 -4.01 -6.16 -0.04 -0.07 4.11 6.30 36.27 55.62 9.96 15.28 1984 -4.09 -6.04 -0.02 -0.03 3.17 4.68 36.26 53.59 13.25 19.58 1985 -4.39 -6.30 -0.03 -0.05 2.79 4.00 32.68 46.87 12.57 18.03 1986 -3.85 -5.40 -0.04 -0.06 1.65 2.32 22.49 31.57 8.42 11.81 1987 -3.35 -4.58 0.01 0.01 1.76 2.41 29.00 39.63 8.57 11.71 1988 -3.95 -5.22 0.12 0.15 2.18 2.88 27.47 36.29 9.71 12.83 1989 -4.19 -5.33 0.14 0.17 2.24 2.85 35.32 44.97 10.85 13.81 1990 -4.42 -5.41 0.02 0.03 2.71 3.32 43.65 53.50 12.67 15.53 1991 -4.51 -5.34 0.04 0.05 2.90 3.43 36.87 43.66 8.52 10.09 1992 -4.11 -4.76 0.10 0.11 3.47 4.02 38.52 44.59 7.72 8.93 1993 -2.83 -3.21 0.11 0.12 4.41 4.99 38.45 43.50 7.59 8.59 1994 -2.58 -2.86 0.23 0.26 4.50 4.98 38.43 42.58 7.78 8.62 1995 -3.24 -3.52 0.27 0.30 3.86 4.19 42.81 46.48 6.39 6.94 1996 -3.41 -3.64 0.18 0.19 5.33 5.68 54.37 57.93 11.01 11.74 1997 -3.13 -3.28 0.20 0.21 6.02 6.31 53.19 55.74 39.37 39.82 1998 -2.75 -2.86 0.25 0.26 5.82 6.03 36.36 37.69 7.33 7.60 1999 -1.85 -1.90 0.20 0.20 7.61 7.77 50.12 51.21 9.94 10.15 2000 -1.66 -1.66 0.20 0.20 13.94 13.94 89.41 89.41 19.65 19.65 2001 -1.13 -1.10 0.08 0.08 16.05 15.68 74.11 72.37 19.77 19.31 2002 -1.00 -0.96 0.18 0.17 10.85 R10.41 79.16 R75.98 14.87 R14.27 2003 -0.76 -0.72 0.17 0.16 R16.62 R15.64 101.64 R95.61 20.59 R19.37 2004 -1.57 R-1.44 1.12 R1.03 19.54 R17.91 R135.75 R124.43 30.38 R27.85 2005P -1.93 -1.72 0.63 0.56 E28.09 E25.05 182.13 162.42 48.66 43.39 

1 Includes petroleum preparations, liquefied propane and butane, and, beginning in 1997, other mineral

fuels. 2 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. SeeTable D1.

3 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1996 and 1997 due to the addition of the

commodity category "Other Mineral Fuels."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. (s)=Less than 0.005 billion. 

Notes: • Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus 

greater than the value of imports. • Totals may not equal rounding. • Data on this table may not equal data on Taindependent rounding.

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSources: Tables 3.7 and 3.8.
Figure 3.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Domestic Production and Refining, 1974-2004

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Liquids Production Dry Natural Gas Production Coal Productionby Major Energy Companies by Major Energy Companies by Major Energy CompMajor Energy Companies’ Shares of U.S. Total Production Major Energy Companies’ Shares of U.S. Refin84 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • “Major U.S. Energy Companies” are the top publicly-owned, U.S.-based crude oil

and natural gas producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financial Reporting System(FRS). See Table 3.14. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 3.10.

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

Million Barrels per Day

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0369

12

15

Trillion Cubic Feet

1975 1980 19

0

100200300400

Million Short Tons

Dry Natural Gas

Note: in 199

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

255075

100

Percent

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

10203040506070

Percent Uranium

Coal

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Liquids
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Domestic Production and Refining, 1974-2004

Year

Production 

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas Liquids 1 Dry Natural Gas 1 Coal 2 Uranium Capacity 3 

Million Barrels

per Day

Percent of

U.S. Total

Trillion

Cubic Feet

Percent of

U.S. Total

Million

Short Tons

Percent of

U.S. Total

Million

Pounds 4

Percent of

U.S. Total 5

Million Barrels

per Day

Perce

U.S. T

1974 5.9 56.0 11.6 56.1 87.4 14.3 NA NA 13.3 921975 5.6 56.1 11.0 57.4 88.1 13.5 4.3 18.6 13.4 891976 5.4 55.7 10.6 55.6 89.0 13.0 3.3 13.0 14.2 931977 5.5 55.3 10.3 53.6 89.1 12.8 16.0 53.4 14.6 891978 5.8 56.8 10.1 52.7 85.5 12.8 17.3 46.8 14.8 861979 5.7 56.3 9.9 50.3 123.3 15.8 16.7 44.7 14.4 821980 5.7 56.1 9.3 47.7 142.3 17.2 19.0 43.5 15.1 831981 5.7 55.8 9.2 47.8 154.8 18.8 14.5 37.7 14.6 781982 5.7 55.9 8.3 46.7 195.2 23.3 9.2 34.2 13.6 761983 5.6 55.1 7.4 45.8 185.2 23.7 6.6 31.4 13.0 771984 5.7 54.3 7.9 45.5 226.0 25.2 4.1 27.8 12.8 791985 5.8 54.9 7.3 44.6 230.4 26.1 2.1 18.9 12.6 801986 5.7 56.0 7.1 44.5 227.6 25.6 1.6 12.1 12.5 811987 5.7 57.0 7.2 43.4 255.3 27.8 0.0 0.0 12.5 801988 5.7 58.8 7.6 44.6 285.3 30.0 0.0 0.0 12.3 771989 5.2 57.2 7.5 43.2 286.9 29.3 0.0 0.0 11.5 731990 5.0 55.8 7.6 42.6 282.0 27.4 0.0 0.0 11.4 731991 5.0 54.9 7.5 42.4 289.6 29.1 0.0 0.0 11.2 711992 4.8 53.9 7.9 44.2 251.9 25.3 0.0 0.0 11.0 691993 4.5 52.1 7.7 42.3 197.3 20.9 0.0 0.0 10.7 701994 4.4 52.1 8.0 42.5 179.7 17.4 0.0 0.0 10.6 701995 4.3 51.7 8.1 43.3 165.4 16.0 0.0 0.0 10.4 671996 4.2 50.5 8.2 43.4 169.4 15.9 0.0 0.0 10.5 681997 4.0 48.3 8.3 43.9 163.3 15.0 0.0 0.0 9.4 601998 3.8 47.5 8.4 44.1 73.9 6.6 0.0 0.0 714.3 7901999 3.6 46.3 8.0 42.4 44.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 14.2 872000 3.5 44.8 8.3 43.5 35.5 3.3 0.0 0.0 14.4 872001 3.7 48.7 8.8 45.1 33.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 14.7 882002 3.7 48.4 8.7 46.0 29.3 2.7 0.0 0.0 14.6 872003 3.5 47.3 8.3 R43.7 18.3 1.7 0.0 0.0 R14.7 R872004 3.3 45.7 8.2 43.6 24.4 2.2 0.0 0.0 14.8 87

1 Production is on a net ownership basis. "Net ownership" is all reserve quantities owned, regardless of

type of ownership (e.g., working interest or royalty). 2 Bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite. 3 Operable capacity as of January 1 of the following year. 4 Production of uranium oxide (U3O8). See "Uranium Oxide" in Glossary. 5 Percent of U.S. total uranium concentrate production. See "Uranium Concentrate" in Glossary. 6 The Financial Reporting System (FRS) data include Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands; U.S. Totals donot include Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

7 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1997 and 1998 due to the expanded coverage of

the FRS.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. Note: "Major U.S. Energy Companies" are the top publicly-ow

producers and petroleum refiners that form the FRS. See Table 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Production and Refining: • 1974-1976—Ener

EIA-28, "Financial Reporting System" database, November 19Profiles of Major Energy Producers, annual reports. Percent of and 9.3.
Figure 3.11 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Net Income

Total, 1974-2004 Total by Type of Business, 2004U.S. Petroleum, 1977-2004 Foreign Petroleum, 1977-200486 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Coal, nuclear, renewable fuels, and nonconventional energy.

2 In 2003, includes International Marine.

Notes: • “Major U.S. Energy Companies” are the top pub

and natural gas producers and petroleum refiners that form 

(FRS). See Table 3.14. • Because vertical scales differ, grap

Source: Table 3.11.

Power 

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

102030405060708090

Billion Nominal Dollars

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

-5

05

101520253035

-5

Billion Nominal Dollars

1980 1985 1990 

-5

05

101520253035

-5

Billion Nominal Dollars

81.6

3.2 0.6 

Petroleum Downstream Electric 

0

102030405060708090

Billion Nominal Dollars

Natural Gas 

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production

Refining

and

Marketing Rate Regulated

Pipelines

International 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.11 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Net Income, 1974-2004

 (Billion Nominal Dollars)

Year

Petroleum 1

Downstream

Natural

Gas 1,2

Electric

Power Coal

United States Foreign

Total

Petroleum

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production

Refining

and

Marketing

Rate

Regulated

Pipelines Total

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production

Refining

and

Marketing

International

Marine Total

1974 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1975 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1976 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1977 6.4 1.5 0.8 8.6 3.6 0.7 0.1 4.4 13.0 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.2 1978 6.7 1.6 1.2 9.5 3.5 1.8 -0.1 5.2 14.7 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.1 1979 9.4 2.3 1.7 13.4 5.2 4.3 0.1 9.7 23.0 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.3 1980 13.8 2.5 1.7 17.9 6.9 4.3 0.1 11.2 29.1 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.3 1981 16.8 1.3 1.8 19.9 8.0 1.6 -0.1 9.6 29.5 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.4 1982 14.1 1.9 2.3 18.3 6.1 0.8 -0.3 6.7 25.0 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.4 1983 12.2 1.6 2.0 15.9 7.2 1.3 -0.5 8.2 24.0 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.5 1984 13.3 0.1 2.5 15.8 7.5 0.7 -0.4 7.8 23.6 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.6 1985 12.1 2.3 2.3 16.7 8.0 0.5 -0.4 8.1 24.8 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.4 1986 0.9 1.6 2.6 5.2 4.7 2.9 0.1 7.7 12.9 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.2 1987 4.7 1.1 2.6 8.4 5.4 1.0 -0.1 6.4 14.8 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.4 1988 3.2 5.4 2.0 10.6 4.3 2.4 0.1 6.9 17.5 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.6 1989 3.1 4.5 1.9 9.5 4.7 1.8 0.2 6.7 16.2 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.4 1990 8.7 2.2 2.1 12.9 7.4 2.8 0.2 10.5 23.4 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.3 1991 5.1 0.9 2.0 7.9 5.4 4.1 0.3 9.8 17.7 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.6 1992 5.6 -0.2 2.1 7.5 4.7 2.2 (s) 6.9 14.4 5 ( ) 6 ( ) -0.5 1993 4.8 1.7 1.6 8.1 5.2 3.2 (s) 8.4 16.5 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.4 1994 4.8 1.8 1.8 8.5 4.0 2.0 (s) 5.9 14.4 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.2 1995 3.7 0.5 2.2 6.4 5.9 2.4 (s) 8.3 14.7 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.3 1996 11.8 2.3 1.6 15.7 9.2 2.0 (s) 11.2 26.9 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.5 1997 11.6 3.1 1.3 16.0 9.6 3.6 0.1 13.3 29.3 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.3 1998 0.5 5.9 1.4 7.8 2.0 2.9 0.1 5.1 12.8 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.5 1999 7.4 4.9 2.4 14.8 8.2 1.9 (s) 10.1 24.8 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.2 2000 21.9 7.7 2.3 31.8 18.5 2.9 (s) 21.4 53.3 5 ( ) 6 ( ) (s) 2001 17.6 12.0 3.3 32.9 14.6 3.1 0.2 17.8 50.8 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.1 2002 15.0 -1.4 1.7 15.4 12.9 -0.4 (s) 12.5 27.9 5 ( ) 6 ( ) (s) 2003 122.6 17.4 10.8 130.9 121.3 1,72.9 7 ( ) 124.3 155.1 3.6 1.0 6 ( ) 2004 30.4 14.8 0.5 45.7 28.6 7.3 7 ( ) 35.9 81.6 3.2 0.6 6 ( ) 

1 Through 2002, natural gas operations are included in the "Petroleum" line of business. Beginning in

2003, downstream natural gas operations are included in their own line of business.

2 "Downstream Natural Gas" is a line of business that begins with the procurement of natural gas,

processes and gathers natural gas, produces natural gas liquids, imports liquefied natural gas, marketsand trades natural gas and natural gas liquids, and delivers wholesale and retail volumes of natural gasand natural gas liquids.

3 Through 2002, includes electric power, nuclear, renewable fuels, and nonconventional energy

(including oil shale, tar sands, coal liquefaction and gasification, geothermal, and solar). Beginning in2003, includes coal, nuclear, renewable fuels, and nonconventional energy.

4 Total is sum of components shown, minus eliminations and nontraceables (see Notes). 5 Included in "Petroleum." 6 Included in "Other Energy." 7 "International Marine" is included with "Foreign Refining and Marketing" to prevent disclosure.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.05 billion and greater than -0.05 billion. 

Notes: • "Major U.S. Energy Companies" are the top publicly

gas producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financial Reincome" is operating income plus other income and extraordinarinterest charges, other deductions, and extraordinary deductioexpenses resulting from transactions between segments of the accounts do not include intersegment revenues and expenses. Tmust be eliminated. • "Nontraceables" are energy companies’ rcannot be directly attributed to a type of business by use of a rethe basis of operating-level utilities.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1974-1976—Energy Information Administration 

System" database, November 1997. • 1977 forward—EIA, Producers, annual reports.
Figure 3.12 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Profitability

Total, 1974-2004 Total by Type of Activity, 2004U.S. Petroleum, 1977-2004 Foreign Petroleum, 1977-200488 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Coal, nuclear, renewable fuels, and nonconventional energy.

Notes: • “Major U.S. Energy Companies” are the top publicly-owned crude oil and natural gas

producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financial Re

3.14. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be 

Source: Table 3.12.

Stream

Natural

Gas

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

048

12

16

Percent

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

-5

05

10152025

-5

Percent

1980 1985 1990 

-20-10

0

102030

-20

Percent

Power 

18.3

5.8

3.1

Petroleum Down- Electric 

048

12

16202428

Percent

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production

Rate

Regulated

Pipelines

Refining

and

Marketing

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production Refin

 an

Marke

International

Marine
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.12 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Profitability, 1974-2004

 (Percent)

Year

Petroleum 1

Downstream

Natural

Gas 1,2

Electric

Power Coal

United States Foreign

Total

Petroleum

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production

Refining

and

Marketing

Rate

Regulated

Pipelines Total

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas

Production

Refining

and

Marketing

International

Marine Total

1974 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1975 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1976 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1977 17.5 7.2 7.3 12.5 21.8 5.1 2.6 12.4 12.5 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 8.8 1978 16.4 7.5 10.9 12.8 18.2 12.7 -1.0 13.6 13.1 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 4.1 1979 18.2 9.8 15.1 15.5 23.8 29.1 2.6 23.1 18.0 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 6.3 1980 20.9 9.8 15.1 17.5 25.1 26.4 2.4 23.0 19.2 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 5.6 1981 20.2 4.4 15.6 16.1 25.5 9.0 -1.1 17.7 16.6 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 6.1 1982 14.0 6.0 20.8 12.7 17.4 4.7 -6.3 11.8 12.5 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 4.4 1983 11.3 4.8 16.6 10.3 19.6 7.7 -13.2 14.1 11.3 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 5.0 1984 10.8 0.3 20.8 9.4 18.8 4.5 -14.0 13.3 10.4 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 6.2 1985 9.5 6.5 15.0 9.4 20.0 3.3 -19.0 13.8 10.5 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 4.6 1986 0.8 4.5 13.2 3.0 11.6 16.3 5.3 12.8 5.5 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 2.7 1987 4.1 2.9 12.8 4.9 12.4 4.7 -3.6 9.5 6.2 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 5.1 1988 2.8 14.7 9.6 6.3 9.2 11.6 6.8 9.9 7.3 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 6.7 1989 2.9 11.5 10.2 5.8 8.9 8.0 12.4 8.7 6.7 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 5.0 1990 8.5 5.1 11.2 7.9 13.1 11.2 11.7 12.5 9.5 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 3.3 1991 5.1 2.0 10.7 4.9 9.1 14.6 15.6 11.0 7.0 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 8.7 1992 5.9 -0.4 8.4 4.4 8.2 7.8 -1.2 7.9 5.6 4 ( ) 5 ( ) -9.3 1993 5.3 3.4 6.4 4.9 8.6 10.6 1.2 9.2 6.4 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 7.6 1994 5.5 3.6 7.6 5.2 6.5 6.1 -2.0 6.2 5.6 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 4.0 1995 4.4 1.0 9.1 4.0 9.3 7.2 -2.5 8.4 5.7 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 6.9 1996 14.1 4.4 6.9 9.9 12.8 6.0 2.2 10.6 10.1 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 9.9 1997 12.5 6.6 6.7 10.0 12.5 10.5 11.8 11.9 10.8 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 7.2 1998 0.5 7.9 4.4 3.8 2.2 8.2 8.9 4.0 3.9 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 26.4 1999 7.6 6.5 6.4 7.0 8.5 5.1 0.8 7.6 7.2 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 9.5 2000 17.7 9.6 6.0 13.2 17.1 8.7 6.4 15.1 13.9 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 1.7 2001 13.1 14.5 9.7 13.1 11.2 9.5 25.9 10.9 12.2 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 9.0 2002 10.5 -1.7 5.2 6.0 9.2 -1.1 -6.2 7.2 6.5 4 ( ) 5 ( ) -8.5 2003 116.5 19.3 111.5 113.7 114.2 17.7 W 113.0 113.4 R8.8 5.2 5 ( ) 2004 20.2 18.1 5.7 18.9 17.1 18.6 W 17.5 18.3 5.8 3.1 5 ( ) 

1 Through 2002, natural gas operations are included in the "Petroleum" line of business. Beginning in

2003, downstream natural gas operations are included in their own line of business.

2 "Downstream Natural Gas" is a line of business that begins with the procurement of natural gas,

processes and gathers natural gas, produces natural gas liquids, imports liquefied natural gas, marketsand trades natural gas and natural gas liquids, and delivers wholesale and retail volumes of natural gasand natural gas liquids.

3 Through 2002, includes electric power, nuclear, renewable fuels, and nonconventional energy

(including oil shale, tar sands, coal liquefaction and gasification, geothermal, and solar). Beginning in2003, includes coal, nuclear, renewable fuels, and nonconventional energy.

4 Included in "Petroleum." 5 Included in "Other Energy."

R=Revised. NA=Not available. W=Value withheld to avoid disNotes: • "Major U.S. Energy Companies" are the top publicly

gas producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financia• Data are for return on investment, measured as net income income" is operating income plus other income and extraordinarinterest charges, other deductions, and extraordinary deductions. plant, and equipment plus investments and advances to unconso

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1974-1976—Energy Information Administration 

System" database, October 1996. • 1977 forward—EIA, Performannual reports.
Figure 3.13 U.S. Energy Activities by Foreign-Affiliated Companies, 1978-2003

Petroleum Activities Petroleum Activities Share of U.S. Total ProDry Natural Gas Production Coal Production Expenditures for Explo

Development of Uraniu

90 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Crude oil and natural gas liquids.2 Natural gas liquids. * 1999-2002 uranium values are withheld to avoid disclo

and the 2003 value is not available.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 3.13.

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

46

Million Barrels per Day

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

5

10152025303540

Share of U.S. Total (Percent)

1980 1985 

0

20406080

100120

Percent

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0.00.6

1.2

1.82.4

Trillion Cubic Feet

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

100200300400

Million Short Tons

1980 1985 

0

1020304050

Million Nominal Dollars

Refining

Capacity

Sales of

Motor Gasoline

Sales of

Motor Gasoline

Refining

Capacity

Production1

Production1

D
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 3.13 U.S. Energy Activities by Foreign-Affiliated Companies, 1978-2003

Year

Production

Refining Capacity

Sales 

Motor Ga

Crude Oil and

Natural Gas Liquids Dry Natural Gas Coal Uranium

Thousand

Barrels

per Day

Percent of

U.S. Total

Billion

Cubic Feet

Percent of

U.S. Total

Million

Short Tons

Percent of

U.S. Total

Thousand

Pounds 1

Percent of

U.S. Total 2

Thousand

Barrels

per Day

Percent of

U.S. Total

Thousand

Barrels

per Day

1978 1,076 10.5 783 3.9 24 3.1 NA NA 1,895 10.9 1,066 1979 1,145 11.3 786 4.0 29 3.8 NA NA 1,984 11.0 948 1980 1,280 12.6 776 4.0 31 3.8 NA NA 2,066 11.1 926 1981 1,438 14.1 1,080 5.6 106 12.9 NA NA 2,595 14.5 1,114 1982 1,421 13.9 1,055 5.9 138 16.6 NA NA 2,423 14.4 1,092 1983 1,325 12.9 924 5.8 128 16.5 NA NA 2,337 14.4 1,022 1984 1,365 12.9 1,075 6.2 153 17.3 NA NA 2,276 14.5 1,066 1985 1,455 13.7 1,093 6.7 147 16.8 NA NA 2,656 17.2 1,285 1986 1,523 14.8 1,276 8.0 146 16.5 NA NA 3,133 20.1 1,565 1987 1,614 16.1 1,318 8.0 181 19.8 NA NA 3,342 21.0 1,586 1988 1,659 16.9 1,392 8.1 195 20.6 NA NA 3,356 21.4 1,673 1989 1,553 16.8 1,452 8.4 207 21.2 NA NA 4,243 27.2 2,084 1990 1,481 16.5 1,457 8.2 254 24.7 NA NA 4,379 27.9 2,282 1991 1,469 16.0 1,360 7.7 238 24.0 NA NA 4,312 27.5 2,299 1992 1,392 15.5 1,368 7.7 259 26.0 NA NA 4,256 28.1 2,369 1993 1,299 14.7 1,451 8.0 254 27.0 NA NA 4,440 29.5 2,362 1994 1,261 14.6 1,439 7.7 295 28.6 NA NA 4,479 29.2 2,346 1995 1,103 12.8 1,191 6.4 316 30.7 NA NA 4,164 27.1 2,204 1996 1,105 12.8 1,265 6.7 332 31.2 NA NA 4,050 26.2 2,145 1997 1,028 11.9 1,332 7.0 327 30.0 NA NA 3,637 23.0 1,998 1998 1,149 13.7 1,881 10.1 199 17.8 NA NA 4,940 30.4 2,721 1999 1,118 13.8 1,805 9.6 300 27.2 43,745 481.2 4,877 29.5 2,737 2000 1,027 12.7 2,112 11.0 284 26.4 3,443 87.0 4,831 29.1 2,971 2001 R994 R13.0 R2,167 R11.0 302 26.8 2,440 92.5 R4,797 28.6 3,027 2002 R1,073 R14.1 R2,289 R12.1 291 26.6 2,280 97.3 R4,733 R28.2 3,090 2003 1,009 13.6 2,274 11.9 289 27.0 2,024 5 NM 4,761 28.2 2,914 

1 Production of uranium oxide (U3O8). See "Uranium Oxide" in Glossary. 2 Percent of U.S. total uranium concentrate production. See "Uranium Concentrate" in Glossary. 3 Nominal dollars. 4 Includes a small amount produced by a U.S. company, which left the industry by the close of 1999. 5 Total U.S. uranium production is slightly below that of the foreign-affiliated companies shown in this

table. The U.S. data were rounded to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. NM=Not meaningful. (s)=Less than 0.5 million dollars. W=Value

withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1978—U.S. Department of Energy, Secretary’s 

1983). • 1979-1992—Energy Information Administration (EIA), PEnergy, annual reports. • 1993-1996—EIA, Performance Prreports. • 1997 forward—EIA, Foreign Direct Investment in U.S
92 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 3.14 Companies Reporting to the Financial Reporting System, 1974-2004

Company 1974-1981 1982 1983-84 1985-86 1987 1988 1989-90 1991 1992-93 1994-96 1997 1998 1999 20

Amerada Hess Corporation .............................. X XXXXXXXXXXXXXAmerican Petrofina, Inc. 1 ................................. X XXXXXXAnadarko Petroleum Corporation ..................... XXXXXXXApache Corporation .......................................... XAshland Inc. 2 ................................................... X XXXXXXXXXXAtlantic Richfield Co. (ARCO) 3 ........................ X XXXXXXXXXXXXBP America, Inc. 4,5 .......................................... XXXXXXXXX BP Amoco Corporation 3,4,6 .............................. X XXXXXXXXXXXXXBurlington Northern Inc. 7 ................................. X XXXXBurlington Resources Inc. 7 .............................. XXXXXXXXXChesapeake Energy Corporation ..................... Chevron Corporation 8,9,10 ................................ X XXXXXXXXXXXXXCitgo Petroleum Corporation ............................ XXXCities Service 11 ................................................ X XConocoPhillips, Company 12,13,14 ..................... X XXXDevon Energy Corporaton ................................ XDominion Resources ........................................ XE.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. 12,13 ............. XXXXXXXXXXEl Paso Energy Corporation 15 ......................... XXEnron Corporation ............................................ XXXXXXEOG Resources, Inc. ........................................ XEquilon Enterprises, LLC 16 .............................. XXXEquitable Resources, Inc. ................................. Exxon Mobil Corporation 17 .............................. X XXXXXXXXXXXXXGetty Oil 18 ........................................................ X X XGulf Oil 9 ........................................................... X X XKerr-McGee Corporation 19 .............................. X XXXXXXXXXXXXXLYONDELL-CITGO Refining, LP 20 .................. XXXMarathon Oil Corporation 21 ............................. X Mobil Corporation 17,22 ...................................... X XXXXXXXXXXXMotiva Enterprises, LLC 23 ............................... XXXNerco, Inc. 24 .................................................... XOccidental Petroleum Corporation 11 ............... X XXXXXXXXXXXXXOryx Energy Company 19,25 .............................. XXXXXXPhillips Petroleum Company 14,26 ..................... X XXXXXXXXXXXXXPremcor, Inc. 27 ................................................ XXXShell Oil Company ............................................ X XXXXXXXXXXXXXSonat Inc. ......................................................... X XStandard Oil Co. (Ohio) (Sohio) 5 ..................... X X X XSunoco, Inc. 25,28 .............................................. X XXXXXXXXX XXXSuperior Oil 22 ................................................... X X XTenneco Inc. 29 ................................................. X XXXXXTesoro Petroleum Corporation ......................... XXXTexaco Inc. 10,18 ............................................... X XXXXXXXXXXXXXThe Coastal Corporation 15 .............................. X XXXXXXXXXXXXXThe Williams Companies, Inc ........................... XXXTosco Corporation 26 ........................................ XXXTotal Holdings, USA, Inc. 1,30,31 ........................ XXXXXXXTotal Petroleum (North America) Ltd. 32 ........... X X Ultramar Diamond Shamrock Corporation 33 ... XXXUnion Pacific Resources Group, Inc. 34,35 ........ X XXXXXXXXXXXXUnocal Corporation ........................................... X XXXXXXXXXXXXXUSX Corporation .............................................. X XXXXXXXXXXXXXValero Energy Corporation 33 ........................... XXXXTO Energy, Inc. .............................................. 

Footnotes: See the following page.Note: "X" indicates that the company was included in the Financial Reporting System for the year

indicated.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeuSource: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-28, "Financial R
Footnotes for Table 3.14

1American Petrofina, Inc. changed its name to Fina, Inc., effective April 17, 1991.2Ashland was dropped from the FRS system for 1998 after spinning off downstream and coal operations and disposing of upstream operations.3BP Amoco acquired Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO) in April of 2000. The

reporting was consolidated under BP Amoco for 2000. Data for ARCO is notincluded in the database for the period from January 1, 2000 to April 14, 2000.

4Amoco merged with British Petroleum plc and became BP Amoco plc on December 31, 1998. BP America was renamed BP Amoco, Inc. The companies reported

separately for 1998 and 1999.

5In 1987, British Petroleum acquired all shares in Standard Oil Company (Ohio)

that it did not already control and renamed its U.S. affiliate, BP America, Inc.

6Formerly Standard Oil Company (Indiana).7Burlington Resources was added to the FRS system and Burlington Northern was

dropped for 1988. Data for Burlington Resources covers the full year 1988 eventhough that company was not created until May of that year.

8Formerly Standard Oil Company of California.9Chevron acquired Gulf Oil in 1984, but separate data for Gulf continued to be

available for the full 1984 year.

10In October 2000, Chevron and Texaco agreed to merge. Both companies reported

separately for 2000.

11Occidental acquired Cities Service in 1982. Separate financial reports were available for 1982, so each company continued to be treated separately until 1983.12DuPont acquired Conoco in 1981. Separate data for Conoco were available for

1981; DuPont was included in the FRS system in 1982.

13Dupont was dropped from the FRS system when Conoco was spun-off in 1998.

Conoco began reporting separately again in 1998.

14In November 2001, Phillips and Conoco agreed to merge forming ConocoPhillips

in 2002. Both companies reported separately in 2001. The companies reportedseparately in 2002 until the time of the merger. 

15In January 2001, Coastal merged with a wholly owned subsidiary of El Paso

Energy Corporation. The name was changed to El Paso CGP Company. Data werereported separately in 2000 under the name The Coastal Company.

16Equilon is a joint venture combining Shell's and Texaco's western and midwestern

U.S. refining and marketing businesses and nationwide trading transportation andlubricants businesses. Net income is duplicated in the FRS system since Shell andTexaco account for this investment using the equity method.

17In December 1998, Exxon and Mobil agreed to merge. Both companies reported

separately for 1998.

18Texaco acquired Getty in 1984; however, Getty was treated as a separate FRS

company for that year.

19In 1998, Kerr-McGee and Oryx merged. The financial reporting for both was

consolidated under Kerr-McGee for 1998.

20LYONDELL-CITGO is a limited partnership 

Company and Citgo. There will be some duplicaccounts for its investment using the equity metho

21U.S. Steel (now USX) acquired Marathon in 19822Mobil acquired Superior in 1984, but both comp

that year.

23Motiva is a joint venture approximately equal

Saudi Refining, Inc. The joint venture combines trefining and marketing businesses. Duplication exShell and Texaco's interests which are accounted f

24RTZ America acquired the common stock of N

In September 1993, Nerco, Inc. sold Nerco Oil & 1993 submission includes operations of Nerco Oi28, 1993.

25Sun Company spun off Sun Exploration and 

renamed Oryx Energy Company) during 1988. Bthe FRS system for 1988; therefore, some degree o

26In September 2001, Phillips acquired Tosco. Bo

in 2001.

27In May 2000, Clark Refining & Marketing chan

Group.

28Sun company withdrew from oil and gas expl

Sun's 1996 submission includes oil and gas explthrough September 30, 1996. Refining/marketinentire 1996 calendar year. In 1998 the company c

29Tenneco sold its worldwide oil and gas assets 

assets in 1988. Other FRS companies purchasTenneco's assets.

30Prior submissions were reported at the FINA, Inc

of Fina Oil and Chemical Company, which is now to a series of mergers and acquisitions, beginnreported at the American Petrofina Holding Comcompany of ATOFINA.

31In 2002, the name was changed to Total Fina El

USA in 2003

32Effective June 1, 1991, Total's exploration, prod

in Canada were spun off to Total Oil & Gas, a new 

33In December 2001, Valero and Ultramar Diam

Both companies reported separately in 2001.

34Effective October 15, 1996, Union Pacific Corp

in the Union Pacific Resources Group, Inc. to its FRS system included Union Pacific CorporationUnion Pacific Resources Group, Inc. for 1996.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
35Union Pacific merged with Anadarko on July 14, 2000. Anadarko's 2000 submission includes data for Union Pacific after July 14, 2000. Data for Union Pacific was

not submitted for the period from January 1, 2000 to July 14, 2000.

94 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Energy Resources

4

Semisubmersible drilling rig in the Gulf of Mexico. Source: U.S. Department of Energy.
Figure 4.1 Technically Recoverable Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Resou

100%

Natural Gas

Liquids

23.6 billion barrels

Natural Gas

1,430.6 trillion

cubic feet

Crude Oil

174.8 billion

barrels

96 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

U.S. Onshore and State OffshoreFederal Offshore

Federal Lands1Non-Federal Lands

60%

39

65%

35%

52% 48%

60% 40% 53% 47%

30%

70%

34% 

9%

48%

Undiscovered ConventioDiscovered ConventionaUndiscovered Unconven

1 Lands owned or under the jurisdiction of the Federal government. Source: Table 4.1.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.1 Technically Recoverable Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Resource Es

Region

Crude Oil 1 Natural Gas (Dry) 

Federal 

Lands 2

Non-Federal

Lands Total

Federal 

Lands 2

Non-Federal

Lands Total

Fe

L

Billion Barrrels Trillion Cubic Feet 

Undiscovered Conventionally Reservoired Fields 3 ............................. 82.54 22.51 105.05 420.14 261.78 681.92 

 Alaska Onshore and State Offshore 4 ...................................................... 3.75 4.68 8.43 33.97 95.37 129.34  Alaska Federal Offshore 5 ........................................................................ 24.90 — 24.90 122.60 — 122.60  48 States Onshore and State Offshore 4 .................................................. 3.79 17.83 21.62 23.97 166.41 190.38  48 States Federal Offshore 5 .................................................................... 50.10 — 50.10 239.60 — 239.60 

Discovered Conventionally Reservoired Fields 3(Ultimate Recovery Appreciation) 6 ........................................................ 22.03 45.67 67.70 186.70 203.30 390.00 

 U.S. Onshore and State Offshore 4 .......................................................... 14.33 45.67 60.00 118.70 203.30 322.00  U.S. Federal Offshore 5 ............................................................................ 7.70 — 7.70 68.00 — 68.00 

Undiscovered Unconventionally Reservoired Fields 7(Continuous-Type Deposits (all onshore)) ............................................. 0.32 1.75 2.07 143.16 215.55 358.71 U.S. Total ................................................................................................... 104.89 69.93 174.82 750.00 680.63 1,430.63 

 U.S. Onshore and State Offshore 4 .......................................................... 22.19 69.93 92.12 319.80 680.63 1,000.43  Federal Offshore 5 .................................................................................... 82.70 — 82.70 430.20 — 430.20 

1 To the extent that lease condensate is measured or estimated it is included in "Natural Gas Liquids";

otherwise, lease condensate is included in "Crude Oil."

2 Lands owned or under the jurisdiction of the Federal government, excluding Indian and Native lands

even when Federally managed in trust.

3 Conventionally reservoired deposits are discrete subsurface accumulations of crude oil or natural gas

usually defined, controlled, or limited by hydrocarbon/water contacts.

4 Onshore (Federal and State) plus State offshore waters (near-shore, shallow-water areas under State

jurisdiction). 5 Federal offshore jurisdictions (Outer Continental Shelf and deeper water areas seaward of Stateoffshore).

6 Proved reserves (see Table 4.2) are not included in these estimates. Ultimate recovery appreciation

(reserve growth) is the volume by which the estimate of total recovery from a known crude oil or natural gasreservoir or aggregation of such reservoirs is expected to increase during the time between discovery andpermanent abandonment. The estimates of ultimate recovery appreciation for onshore and State offshorelands were imputed by assuming that the total estimates reported by the U.S. Geological Survey could beapportioned according to the ratio of 1996 production from onshore Federal lands to total U.S. production.

7 Unconventionally reservoired deposits (continuous-type accumulations) are geographically extensive

subsurface accumulations of crude oil or natural gas that generally lack well-defined hydrocarbon/watercontacts. Examples include coalbed methane, "tight gas," and auto-sourced oil- and gas-shale reservoirs.

— = Not applicable. Notes: • "Technically recoverable" resources are those tha

without reference to the economic viability thereof. • Resourcgenerated by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. GeoManagement Service (MMS). They were not necessarily generacomparison, the Potential Gas Committee, an industry-sponsoanother geologically-based estimate of the Nation’s natural gpublished in "Potential Supply of Natural Gas in the United Stcubic feet. This volume includes undiscovered conventionalrecovery appreciation, coalbed methane, and tight gas where and marketable at reasonable costs. • A value of zero indicateno estimate of this resource has been made for this area. • Alaska and Hawaii.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Source: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Crude O

Reserves 2004 Annual Report (November 2005), Table G1, whestimates generated by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Management Service.
Figure 4.2 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Cumulative Production, Proved Reserves, and Proved 

Crude Oil, 1977-2004 Natural Gas (Dry), 1977-2004Cumulative Production and Proved Reserves, Indexed, 1977-200498 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • Data are at end of year. • Crude oil includes lease condensate. Source: Table 4.2.

Natural G

Cumulative 

Crude Oil

Cumulative Produ

1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 

0

50

100150200250

Index: 1977=100

1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1

0

200400600800

1,0001,2001,400

Trillion Cubic Feet (Cumulative)

1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004

0

50

100150200250

Billion Barrels (Cumulative) Cumulative Production Cumulative Pro

Proved Reserves Proved Reserves

Proved

Ultimate Recovery
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.2 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Cumulative Production, Proved Reserves, and Proved Ultim

 1977-2004

Year

Crude Oil and Lease Condensate 1 Natural Gas (Dry)

Cumulative Production Proved Reserves Proved Ultimate Recovery Cumulative Production Proved Reserves 

Billion Barrels Trillion Cubic Feet

1977 R118.1 R31.8 R149.9 R514.4 R207.4 1978 R121.3 R31.4 R152.6 R533.6 R208.0 1979 R124.4 31.2 R155.6 R553.2 R201.0 1980 R127.5 31.3 R158.9 R572.6 R199.0 1981 R130.7 31.0 R161.7 R591.8 R201.7 1982 R133.8 29.5 R163.3 R609.6 R201.5 1983 R137.0 29.3 R166.3 R625.7 R200.2 1984 R140.2 30.0 R170.2 R643.2 R197.5 1985 R143.5 29.9 R173.4 R659.6 R193.4 1986 R146.7 28.3 R175.0 R675.7 R191.6 1987 R149.7 28.7 R178.4 R692.3 R187.2 1988 R152.7 28.2 R180.9 R709.4 R168.0 1989 R155.5 27.9 R183.4 R726.7 R167.1 1990 R158.2 27.6 R185.7 R744.5 R169.3 1991 R160.9 25.9 R186.8 R762.2 R167.1 1992 R163.5 25.0 R188.5 R780.1 R165.0 1993 R166.0 24.1 R190.2 R798.2 R162.4 1994 R168.4 23.6 R192.0 R817.0 R163.8 1995 R170.8 23.5 R194.4 R835.6 R165.1 1996 R173.2 23.3 R196.5 R854.5 R166.5 1997 R175.6 23.9 R199.4 R873.4 R167.2 1998 R177.8 22.4 R200.2 R892.4 R164.0 1999 R180.0 23.2 R203.1 R911.2 R167.4 2000 R182.1 23.5 R205.6 R930.4 R177.4 2001 R184.2 R23.8 R208.1 R950.0 R183.5 2002 R186.3 24.0 R210.4 R968.9 R186.9 2003 R188.4 23.1 R211.5 R988.0 R189.0 2004 190.4 22.6 213.0 1,006.7 192.5 

1 Lease condensate is the portion of natural gas liquids that is separated from the wellhead gas stream

at a lease or field separation facility.

R=Revised. Notes: • Data are at end of year. • See "Proved Reserves, Crude Oil," "Proved Reserves, Lease

Condensate," "Proved Reserves, Natural Gas," and "Proved Reserves, Natural Gas Liquids" in Glossary.

Web Pages: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html and http://www.

eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natural_gas/info_glance/natural_gas.html fo

Sources: Cumulative Production: Calculated from EIA, Pe

Natural Gas Annual, annual reports. Proved Reserves: • 197and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves, annual reports. • 2004—EIAGas Liquids Reserves 2004 Annual Report (November 2005)Recovery: Calculated as the sum of cumulative production and 
Figure 4.3 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Proved Reserves

Total, 1949-2004 By Type, 2004By Type, 1949-2004100 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 COE=crude oil equivalent.

2 To the extent that lease condensate is measured or estimated it is included in “Natural Gas

Liquids”; otherwise, lease condensate is included in “Crude Oil.”

Notes: • Data are at end of year. • API=American Petrole

Association. EIA=Energy Information Administration. • Becshould not be compared.

Source: Table 4.3.

EIA Data

API and AGA Data: 1949-1979

EIA Data: 1977-2004

Crude Oil2

Natural Gas

Natural Gas Liquids2

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

255075

100

Billion Barrels COE1 API and AGA Data

34

21

Natural Gas Crude Oil2 

0

10203040

Billion Barrels COE1

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

204060

Billion Barrels COE1
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.3 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Proved Reserves, Selected Years, 194

Year

Crude Oil 1 Natural Gas (Dry) Natural Gas Liquids 1 

Billion Barrels Trillion Cubic Feet 2 Billion Barrels COE 3 Billion Barrels Billion Barrels COE 3 

American Petroleum Institute and American Gas Association Data

1949 24.6 179.4 32.0 3.7 3.1 1950 25.3 184.6 32.9 4.3 3.5 1955 30.0 222.5 39.7 5.4 4.4 1960 31.6 262.3 46.8 6.8 5.4 1965 31.4 286.5 51.0 8.0 6.3 1970 39.0 290.7 51.7 7.7 5.9 1971 38.1 278.8 49.6 7.3 5.5 1972 36.3 266.1 47.1 6.8 5.1 1973 35.3 250.0 44.0 6.5 4.8 1974 34.2 237.1 41.9 6.4 4.7 1975 32.7 228.2 40.2 6.3 4.6 1976 30.9 216.0 38.0 6.4 4.7 1977 29.5 208.9 36.8 6.0 4.4 1978 27.8 200.3 35.2 5.9 4.3 1979 27.1 194.9 34.3 5.7 4.1 

Energy Information Administration Data

1977 31.8 207.4 36.5 NA NA 1978 31.4 208.0 36.5 6.8 R5.0 1979 29.8 201.0 35.4 6.6 R4.9 1980 29.8 199.0 35.2 6.7 R5.0 1981 29.4 201.7 35.7 7.1 5.2 1982 27.9 201.5 35.7 7.2 R5.3 1983 27.7 200.2 35.6 7.9 5.7 1984 28.4 197.5 35.1 7.6 5.5 1985 28.4 193.4 34.4 7.9 5.6 1986 26.9 191.6 34.0 8.2 R5.8 1987 27.3 187.2 33.3 8.1 5.8 1988 26.8 168.0 29.8 8.2 5.8 1989 26.5 167.1 29.7 7.8 5.5 1990 26.3 169.3 R30.0 7.6 5.4 1991 24.7 167.1 29.7 7.5 5.3 1992 23.7 165.0 29.3 7.5 5.2 1993 23.0 162.4 28.8 7.2 5.1 1994 22.5 163.8 29.0 7.2 R5.0 1995 22.4 165.1 29.2 7.4 R5.2 1996 22.0 166.5 R29.4 7.8 5.5 1997 22.5 167.2 29.6 8.0 5.6 1998 21.0 164.0 29.2 7.5 5.3 1999 21.8 167.4 29.6 7.9 5.5 2000 22.0 177.4 31.4 8.3 5.8 2001 22.4 183.5 R32.6 8.0 5.6 2002 22.7 186.9 33.1 8.0 5.6 2003 21.9 189.0 33.6 7.5 5.2 2004 21.4 192.5 34.1 7.9 5.5 

1 To the extent that lease condensate is measured or estimated it is included in "Natural Gas Liquids";

otherwise, lease condensate is included in "Crude Oil."

2 The American Gas Association estimates of natural gas proved reserves include volumes of natural

gas held in underground storage. In 1979, this volume amounted to 4.9 trillion cubic feet. EnergyInformation Administration (EIA) data do not include natural gas in underground storage. 3 Natural gas is converted to crude oil equivalent (COE) by multiplying by the natural gas dry productionapproximate heat content (see Table A4) and then dividing by the crude oil production approximate heatcontent (see Table A2). The lease condensate portion of natural gas liquids is converted to COE bymultiplying by the lease condensate production approximate heat content (5.5 million Btu per barrel) andthen dividing by the crude oil production approximate heat content. Other natural gas liquids are convertedto COE by multiplying by the natural gas plant liquids production approximate heat content (see Table A2)and then dividing by the crude oil production approximate heat content.

NA=Not available. Notes: • Data are at end of year. • See "Proved Reserv

Gas," and "Proved Reserves, Natural Gas Liquids" in Glossary.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http:/

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: American Petroleum Institute and American Ga

Institute, American Gas Association, and Canadian Petroleum ACrude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas in the United 1979, Volume 34 (June 1980). Energy Information AdministraOil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves, annual repNatural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves 2004 Annual Re
Figure 4.4 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Rotary Rigs in Operation

By Site, 1949-2005 By Site, 2005By Type, 1949-2005 By Type, 2005102 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Source: Table 4.4.

1,290

Onshor

0

250500750

1,0001,2501,500

Number of Rigs

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1

2

345

Thousand Rigs

Peak: 3,970 rigs in 1981

Total

Offshore Onshore

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1

2

345

Thousand Rigs Total

Crude Oil

1,186

Natural G

0

250500750

1,0001,2501,500

Number of Rigs

Natural Gas
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.4 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Rotary Rigs in Operation, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

By Site By Type

Onshore Offshore Crude Oil Natural Gas 

1949 NA NA NA NA 1950 NA NA NA NA 1955 NA NA NA NA 1960 NA NA NA NA 1965 NA NA NA NA 1970 NA NA NA NA 1971 NA NA NA NA 1972 NA NA NA NA 1973 1,110 84 NA NA 1974 1,378 94 NA NA 1975 1,554 106 NA NA 1976 1,529 129 NA NA 1977 1,834 167 NA NA 1978 2,074 185 NA NA 1979 1,970 207 NA NA 1980 2,678 231 NA NA 1981 3,714 256 NA NA 1982 2,862 243 NA NA 1983 2,033 199 NA NA 1984 2,215 213 NA NA 1985 1,774 206 NA NA 1986 865 99 NA NA 1987 841 95 NA NA 1988 813 123 554 354 1989 764 105 453 401 1990 902 108 532 464 1991 779 81 482 351 1992 669 52 373 331 1993 672 82 373 364 1994 673 102 335 427 1995 622 101 323 385 1996 671 108 306 464 1997 821 122 376 564 1998 703 123 264 560 1999 519 106 128 496 2000 778 140 197 720 2001 1,003 153 217 939 2002 717 113 137 691 2003 924 108 157 872 2004 1,095 97 165 1,025 2005 1,290 93 194 1,186 

1 Sum of rigs drilling for crude oil, rigs drilling for natural gas, and other rigs (not shown) drilling for

miscellaneous purposes such as service wells, injection wells, and stratigraphic tests.

NA=Not available. Notes: • Data are not for the exact calendar year but are an average for the 52 or 53 consecutive whole

weeks that most nearly coincide with the calendar year. • Geo

District of Columbia. • Totals may not equal sum of components 

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://wwwSource: Baker Hughes, Inc., Houston, Texas, Rotary Rigs Ru
Figure 4.5 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development Wells

Total Wells Drilled, 1949-2005 Total Wells Drilled by Type, 1949-2005 Successful Wells, 19Wells Drilled, 2005 Footage Drilled, 2005 Average Depth, 2005104 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Sources: Tables 4.5–4.7.

Total

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

255075

100

Thousand Wells

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1020304050

Thousand Wells

1950 1960 

0

255075

100

Percent

Total

Development

Exploratory

Developme

Explorato

Natural 

Gas Wells

Crude

 Oil Wells

Dry Holes

48

157

29

46

151

19

2 6 10

Crude Oil Natural Gas Dry Holes

0

255075

100125150175

Million Feet

ExploratoryDevelopmentTotal

5.6 5.6 

6.0 

Crude Oil 

0369

Thousand Feet

8.6

27.4

5.0

8.2

26.3

3.3

0.4 1.1 1.7

Crude Oil Natural Gas Dry Holes

05

1015202530

Thousand Wells

ExploratoryDevelopmentTotal
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.5 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development Wells, Selected Years, 1949-2

Year

Wells Drilled

Successful

Wells

Footage Drilled 1 

Crude Oil 2 Natural Gas 3 Dry Holes 4 Total Crude Oil 2 Natural Gas 3 Dry Holes 4 Total Crude Oil 2 Natu

Number Percent Thousand Feet 

1949 21,352 3,363 12,597 37,312 66.2 79,428 12,437 43,754 135,619 3,720 1950 23,812 3,439 14,799 42,050 64.8 92,695 13,685 50,977 157,358 3,893 1955 30,432 4,266 20,452 55,150 62.9 121,148 19,930 85,103 226,182 3,981 1960 22,258 5,149 18,212 45,619 60.1 86,568 28,246 77,361 192,176 3,889 1965 18,065 4,482 16,226 38,773 58.2 73,322 24,931 76,629 174,882 4,059 1970 12,968 4,011 11,031 28,010 60.6 56,859 23,623 58,074 138,556 4,385 1971 11,853 3,971 10,309 26,133 60.6 49,109 23,460 54,685 127,253 4,126 1972 11,378 5,440 10,891 27,709 60.7 49,269 30,006 58,556 137,831 4,330 1973 10,167 6,933 10,320 27,420 62.4 44,416 38,045 55,761 138,223 4,369 1974 13,647 7,138 12,116 32,901 63.2 52,025 38,449 62,899 153,374 3,812 1975 16,948 8,127 13,646 38,721 64.8 66,819 44,454 69,220 180,494 3,943 1976 17,688 9,409 13,758 40,855 66.3 68,892 49,113 68,977 186,982 3,895 1977 18,745 12,122 14,985 45,852 67.3 75,451 63,686 76,728 215,866 4,025 1978 19,181 14,413 16,551 50,145 67.0 77,041 75,841 85,788 238,669 4,017 1979 20,851 15,254 16,099 52,204 69.2 82,688 80,468 81,642 244,798 3,966 1980 R32,959 R17,461 R20,785 R71,205 70.8 R125,262 R92,106 R99,575 R316,943 R3,801 R1981 R43,887 R20,250 R27,953 R92,090 69.6 R172,167 R108,353 R134,934 R415,454 R3,923 R1982 R39,459 R19,076 R26,379 R84,914 68.9 R149,674 R107,149 R123,746 R380,569 R3,793 R1983 R37,366 R14,684 R24,355 R76,405 R68.1 R136,849 R78,108 R105,222 R320,179 R3,662 R1984 R42,906 R17,338 R25,884 R86,128 69.9 R162,653 R91,480 R119,860 R373,993 R3,791 R1985 R35,261 R14,324 R21,211 R70,796 R70.0 R137,728 R76,293 R100,388 R314,409 R3,906 R1986 R19,213 R8,599 R12,799 R40,611 68.5 R76,825 R45,039 R60,961 R182,825 R3,999 R1987 R16,210 R8,096 R11,167 R35,473 68.5 R66,358 R42,584 R53,588 R162,530 R4,094 R1988 R13,646 R8,578 R10,119 R32,343 R68.7 R58,639 R45,363 R52,517 R156,519 R4,297 R1989 R10,230 R9,522 R8,236 R27,988 R70.6 R43,266 R49,081 R42,099 R134,446 R4,229 1990 R12,445 R11,126 R8,496 R32,067 R73.5 R55,269 R56,775 R44,160 R156,204 R4,441 R1991 R12,035 R9,611 R7,882 R29,528 R73.3 R55,268 R50,757 R40,307 R146,332 R4,592 R1992 R9,019 R8,305 R6,284 R23,608 R73.4 R44,851 R46,615 R31,814 R123,280 R4,973 R1993 R8,764 R10,174 R6,513 R25,451 74.4 R43,922 R61,186 R33,323 R138,431 R5,012 R1994 R7,001 R9,739 R5,515 R22,255 R75.2 R37,270 R61,576 R30,293 R129,139 R5,324 R1995 R7,827 R8,454 R5,319 R21,600 R75.4 R39,125 R52,872 R29,312 R121,309 R4,999 R1996 R8,760 R9,539 R5,587 R23,886 R76.6 R42,196 R59,800 R31,366 R133,362 R4,817 R1997 R10,445 R11,186 R5,955 R27,586 R78.4 R51,466 R69,593 R34,233 R155,292 R4,927 R1998 R6,979 R11,127 R4,805 R22,911 79.0 R34,340 R67,789 R29,008 R131,137 R4,920 R1999 R4,314 R11,121 R3,504 R18,939 81.5 R18,860 R55,331 R20,404 R94,595 R4,372 R2000 R7,585 R16,242 R4,046 R27,873 85.5 R33,777 R79,605 R23,193 R136,575 R4,453 R2001 R8,186 R21,403 R4,432 R34,021 R87.0 R38,716 R108,482 R25,047 R172,245 R4,730 R2002 R6,226 R16,728 R3,610 R26,564 R86.4 R27,869 R91,788 R20,316 R139,973 R4,476 R2003E R7,465 R19,522 R3,688 R30,675 88.0 R35,220 R112,990 R20,968 R169,178 R4,718 R2004E R7,703 R21,529 R3,624 R32,856 R89.0 R37,477 R132,660 R21,666 R191,803 R4,865 R2005E 8,551 27,397 5,005 40,953 87.8 48,274 157,080 28,549 233,903 5,645 

1 See "Footage Drilled" in Glossary. 2 See "Crude Oil Well" in Glossary. 3 See "Natural Gas Well" in Glossary. 4 See "Dry Hole" in Glossary.

R=Revised. E=Estimate. Notes: • Data are for exploratory and development wells combined; see Table 4.6 for exploratory wells

only, and Table 4.7 for development wells only. • Service wells, stratigraphic tests, and core tests areexcluded. • For 1949-1959, data represent wells completed in a given year. For 1960-1969, data are forwell completion reports received by the American Petroleum Institute during the reporting year. For 1970forward, the data represent wells completed in a given year. The as-received well completion data forrecent years are incomplete due to delays in the reporting of wells drilled. The Energy InformationAdministration (EIA) therefore statistically imputes the missing data to provide estimates of total well

completions and footage where necessary. See "Completio

Glossary. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to inot equal average of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http:/

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1965—Gulf Publishing Company, 

• 1966-1969—American Petroleum Institute (API), Quarterly States, annual summaries and monthly reports. • 1970-1994submitted to the API. • 1995 forward—EIA computations Information Handling Services Energy Group, Inc. For current Section 5.
Figure 4.6 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory Wells, 1949-2005

Exploratory Wells Drilled by Well Type Exploratory Footage Drilled by Well TypeExploratory Wells Average Depth, All Wells Exploratory Wells Average Depth by Well Ty106 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: These figures depict exploratory wells only; see Figure 4.5 for all wells and Figure 4.7

for development wells only.

Source: Table 4.6.

Dry Holes

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

1015

Thousand Wells

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

20406080

Million Feet

Crude Oil Wells

Natural Gas Wells Crude Oil Wells Natural Gas Wells

Dry Holes

Natural Gas 

Dry Holes

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

Thousand Feet Per Well

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

2

468

10

Thousand Feet per Well
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.6 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory Wells, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Wells Drilled

Successful

Wells

Footage Drilled 1 

Crude Oil 2 Natural Gas 3 Dry Holes 4 Total Crude Oil 2 Natural Gas 3 Dry Holes 4 Total Crude Oil 2 Natu

Number Percent Thousand Feet 

1949 1,406 424 7,228 9,058 20.2 5,950 2,409 26,439 34,798 4,232 1950 1,583 431 8,292 10,306 19.5 6,862 2,356 30,957 40,175 4,335 1955 2,236 874 11,832 14,942 20.8 10,774 5,212 53,220 69,206 4,819 1960 1,321 868 9,515 11,704 18.7 6,829 5,466 43,535 55,831 5,170 1965 946 515 8,005 9,466 15.4 5,366 3,757 40,081 49,204 5,672 1970 757 477 6,162 7,396 16.7 4,729 3,678 35,123 43,530 6,247 1971 659 470 5,952 7,081 15.9 3,786 3,610 34,499 41,895 5,745 1972 685 656 6,134 7,475 17.9 4,028 4,847 36,081 44,956 5,880 1973 642 1,067 5,952 7,661 22.3 4,008 7,038 34,571 45,618 6,243 1974 859 1,190 6,833 8,882 23.1 5,029 7,683 38,603 51,315 5,855 1975 982 1,248 7,129 9,359 23.8 5,806 8,422 40,448 54,677 5,913 1976 1,086 1,346 6,772 9,204 26.4 6,527 9,121 37,969 53,617 6,010 1977 1,164 1,548 7,283 9,995 27.1 6,870 10,255 40,823 57,949 5,902 1978 1,171 1,771 7,965 10,907 27.0 7,105 11,798 46,295 65,197 6,067 1979 1,321 1,907 7,437 10,665 30.3 7,941 12,643 42,512 63,096 6,011 1980 R1,777 R2,099 R9,081 R12,957 R29.9 R10,177 R13,862 R50,249 R74,288 R5,727 R1981 R2,651 R2,522 R12,400 R17,573 29.4 R15,515 R17,079 R69,214 R101,808 R5,853 R1982 R2,437 R2,133 R11,307 R15,877 28.8 R13,413 R14,763 R60,680 R88,856 R5,504 R1983 R2,030 R1,605 R10,206 R13,841 26.3 R10,437 R10,264 R48,989 R69,690 R5,141 R1984 R2,209 R1,528 R11,321 R15,058 24.8 R12,294 R9,935 R58,624 R80,853 R5,565 1985 R1,680 R1,200 R8,954 R11,834 24.3 R9,854 R8,144 R47,604 R65,602 5,865 R1986 1,084 R797 R5,567 R7,448 25.3 R6,579 R5,401 R30,325 R42,305 R6,069 R1987 R926 R756 R5,052 R6,734 25.0 R5,652 R5,064 R26,746 R37,462 R6,104 R1988 855 R747 R4,711 R6,313 25.4 R5,286 R4,992 R27,079 R37,357 R6,182 R1989 607 R706 R3,934 R5,247 R25.0 R3,659 R4,664 R21,947 R30,270 R6,028 R1990 R664 R693 R3,793 R5,150 R26.3 R4,420 R4,774 R21,777 R30,971 R6,657 R1991 R601 R544 R3,390 R4,535 R25.2 R3,865 R3,712 R19,330 R26,907 R6,431 R1992 R498 R427 R2,550 R3,475 R26.6 R3,236 R2,749 R13,983 R19,968 R6,498 R1993 R509 R541 R2,509 R3,559 R29.5 R3,235 R3,277 R14,504 R21,016 R6,356 R1994 R579 R740 R2,465 R3,784 R34.9 R3,708 R4,720 R14,632 R23,060 R6,404 R1995 R549 R583 R2,279 R3,411 R33.2 R3,601 R3,713 R13,545 R20,859 R6,559 R1996 R496 R591 R2,246 R3,333 R32.6 R3,615 R3,938 R13,805 R21,358 R7,288 R1997 R434 R543 R2,178 R3,155 R31.0 R3,446 R3,981 R14,105 R21,532 R7,940 R1998 R286 R510 R1,649 R2,445 32.6 R2,351 R3,629 R11,062 R17,042 R8,220 R1999 R156 R519 R1,167 R1,842 R36.6 R1,081 R3,300 R7,648 R12,029 R6,929 R2000 R267 R615 R1,349 R2,231 R39.5 R1,945 R4,488 R9,024 R15,457 R7,285 R2001 R330 R972 R1,716 R3,018 R43.1 R2,423 R6,954 R11,165 R20,542 R7,342 R2002 R236 R701 R1,283 R2,220 R42.2 R1,609 R5,042 R8,559 R15,210 R6,818 R2003E R321 R853 R1,266 R2,440 R48.1 R2,280 R5,920 R8,291 R16,491 R7,103 R2004E R340 R1,097 R1,258 R2,695 R53.3 R2,867 R7,425 R8,608 R18,900 R8,432 R2005E 358 1,102 1,740 3,200 45.6 2,150 6,348 10,005 18,503 6,006 

1 See "Footage Drilled" in Glossary. 2 See "Crude Oil Well" in Glossary. 3 See "Natural Gas Well" in Glossary. 4 See "Dry Hole" in Glossary.

R=Revised. E=Estimate. Notes: • Data are for exploratory wells only; see Table 4.5 for exploratory and development wells

combined, and Table 4.7 for development wells only. • For 1949-1959, data represent wells completed ina given year. For 1960-1969, data are for well completion reports received by the American PetroleumInstitute (API) during the reporting year. For 1970 forward, the data represent wells completed in a givenyear. The as-received well completion data for recent years are incomplete due to delays in the reportingof wells drilled. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) therefore statistically imputes the missing datato provide estimates of total well completions and footage where necessary. See "Completion (Crude

Oil/Natural Gas Production)" in Glossary. • Totals may not equ

rounding. Average depth may not equal average of components 

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http:/

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1960—American Association of Petroleum G

in the United States, 1940 through 1960 (1962), pp. 4-19. Association of Petroleum Geologists, "North American DevelopmReview of Drilling Statistics for the United States, an• 1970-1994—EIA computations based on well reports submcomputations based on well reports submitted to the Information current data see the EIA, Monthly Energy Review, Section 5.
Figure 4.7 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Development Wells, 1949-2005

Development Wells Drilled by Well Type Development Footage Drilled by Well TypeDevelopment Wells Average Depth, All Wells Development Wells Average Depth by Well T108 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: These figures depict development wells only; see Figure 4.5 for all wells and Figure

4.6 for exploratory wells only.

Source: Table 4.7.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1020304050

Thousand Wells

1950 1960 1970 198

0

50

100150200

Million Feet Crude Oil Wells

Dry Holes

Natural Gas Wells

Crude Oil Wells

Dry Holes

Natural Gas Wells

Dry Holes

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

Thousand Feet per Well

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

2

468

Thousand Feet per Well Natural Gas Wells Crude Oil Wel
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.7 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Development Wells, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Wells Drilled

Successful

Wells

Footage Drilled 1 

Crude Oil 2 Natural Gas 3 Dry Holes 4 Total Crude Oil 2 Natural Gas 3 Dry Holes 4 Total Crude Oil 2 Natu

Number Percent Thousand Feet 

1949 19,946 2,939 5,369 28,254 81.0 73,478 10,028 17,315 100,821 3,684 1950 22,229 3,008 6,507 31,744 79.5 85,833 11,329 20,020 117,183 3,861 1955 28,196 3,392 8,620 40,208 78.6 110,374 14,718 31,883 156,976 3,915 41960 20,937 4,281 8,697 33,915 74.4 79,739 22,780 33,826 136,345 3,809 1965 17,119 3,967 8,221 29,307 71.9 67,956 21,174 36,548 125,678 3,970 1970 12,211 3,534 4,869 20,614 76.4 52,130 19,945 22,951 95,026 4,269 1971 11,194 3,501 4,357 19,052 77.1 45,323 19,850 20,186 85,358 4,049 1972 10,693 4,784 4,757 20,234 76.5 45,241 25,159 22,475 92,875 4,231 1973 9,525 5,866 4,368 19,759 77.9 40,408 31,007 21,190 92,605 4,242 1974 12,788 5,948 5,283 24,019 78.0 46,996 30,766 24,296 102,059 3,675 1975 15,966 6,879 6,517 29,362 77.8 61,013 36,032 28,772 125,817 3,821 1976 16,602 8,063 6,986 31,651 77.9 62,365 39,992 31,008 133,365 3,756 41977 17,581 10,574 7,702 35,857 78.5 68,581 53,431 35,905 157,917 3,901 1978 18,010 12,642 8,586 39,238 78.1 69,936 64,043 39,493 173,472 3,883 1979 19,530 13,347 8,662 41,539 79.1 74,747 67,825 39,130 181,702 3,827 1980 R31,182 R15,362 R11,704 R58,248 79.9 R115,085 R78,244 R49,326 R242,655 R3,691 R1981 R41,236 R17,728 R15,553 R74,517 R79.1 R156,652 R91,274 R65,720 R313,646 R3,799 R1982 R37,022 R16,943 R15,072 R69,037 78.2 R136,261 R92,386 R63,066 R291,713 R3,681 R1983 R35,336 R13,079 R14,149 R62,564 77.4 R126,412 R67,844 R56,233 R250,489 R3,577 R1984 R40,697 R15,810 R14,563 R71,070 79.5 R150,359 R81,545 R61,236 R293,140 R3,695 R1985 R33,581 R13,124 R12,257 R58,962 R79.2 R127,874 R68,149 R52,784 R248,807 R3,808 R1986 R18,129 R7,802 R7,232 R33,163 R78.2 R70,246 R39,638 R30,636 R140,520 R3,875 R1987 R15,284 R7,340 R6,115 R28,739 R78.7 R60,706 R37,520 R26,842 R125,068 R3,972 R1988 R12,791 R7,831 R5,408 R26,030 R79.2 R53,353 R40,371 R25,438 R119,162 R4,171 R1989 R9,623 R8,816 R4,302 R22,741 R81.1 R39,607 R44,417 R20,152 R104,176 R4,116 R1990 R11,781 R10,433 R4,703 R26,917 R82.5 R50,849 R52,001 R22,383 R125,233 R4,316 R41991 R11,434 R9,067 R4,492 R24,993 R82.0 R51,403 R47,045 R20,977 R119,425 R4,496 R1992 R8,521 R7,878 R3,734 R20,133 R81.5 R41,615 R43,866 R17,831 R103,312 R4,884 R1993 R8,255 R9,633 R4,004 R21,892 R81.7 R40,687 R57,909 R18,819 R117,415 R4,929 R1994 R6,422 R8,999 R3,050 R18,471 R83.5 R33,562 R56,856 R15,661 R106,079 R5,226 R1995 R7,278 R7,871 R3,040 R18,189 R83.3 R35,524 R49,159 R15,767 R100,450 R4,881 R1996 R8,264 R8,948 R3,341 R20,553 R83.7 R38,581 R55,862 R17,561 R112,004 R4,669 R1997 R10,011 R10,643 R3,777 R24,431 R84.5 R48,020 R65,612 R20,128 R133,760 R4,797 R1998 R6,693 R10,617 R3,156 R20,466 R84.6 R31,989 R64,160 R17,946 R114,095 R4,779 R1999 R4,158 R10,602 R2,337 R17,097 R86.3 R17,779 R52,031 R12,756 R82,566 R4,276 R42000 R7,318 R15,627 R2,697 R25,642 R89.5 R31,832 R75,117 R14,169 R121,118 R4,350 R42001 R7,856 R20,431 R2,716 R31,003 R91.2 R36,293 R101,528 R13,882 R151,703 R4,620 R42002 R5,990 R16,027 R2,327 R24,344 R90.4 R26,260 R86,746 R11,757 R124,763 R4,384 R2003E R7,144 R18,669 R2,422 R28,235 R91.4 R32,940 R107,070 R12,677 R152,687 R4,611 R2004E R7,363 R20,432 R2,366 R30,161 R92.2 R34,610 R125,235 R13,058 R172,903 R4,701 R2005E 8,193 26,295 3,265 37,753 91.4 46,124 150,732 18,544 215,400 5,630 

1 See "Footage Drilled" in Glossary. 2 See "Crude Oil Well" in Glossary. 3 See "Natural Gas Well" in Glossary. 4 See "Dry Hole" in Glossary.

R=Revised. E=Estimate. Notes: • Data are for development wells only; see Table 4.5 for exploratory and development wells

combined, and Table 4.6 for exploratory wells only. • Service wells, stratigraphic tests, and core tests areexcluded. • For 1949-1959, data represent wells completed in a given year. For 1960-1969, data are forwell completion reports received by the American Petroleum Institute during the reporting year. For 1970forward, the data represent wells completed in a given year. The as-received well completion data forrecent years are incomplete due to delays in the reporting of wells drilled. The Energy InformationAdministration (EIA) therefore statistically imputes the missing data to provide estimates of total well

completions and footage where necessary. See "Completio

Glossary. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to inot equal average of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http:/

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1965—Gulf Publishing Company, 

• 1966-1969—American Petroleum Institute, Quarterly Review annual summaries and monthly reports. • 1970-1994—EIA comto the American Petroleum Institute. • 1995 forward—EIA compthe Information Handling Services Energy Group, Inc. For cReview, Section 5.
Figure 4.8 Costs of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Wells Drilled

Costs per Well, All Wells, 1960-2004 Costs per Foot, All Wells, 1960-2004Costs per Well by Well Type, 2004 Costs per Foot by Well Type, 2004110 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not 

Source: Table 4.8.

Real1

Nominal

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Thousand Dollars

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 19

0

50

100150200250300350

Nominal Dollars

298

285

Crude Oil Natural Gas 

0

100200300400

Nominal Dollars 1,442

1,716

1,977

1,673

Crude Oil Natural Gas Dry Holes All

0

600

1,2001,8002,400

Thousand Nominal Dollars
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.8 Costs of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Wells Drilled, 1960-2004

Year

Thousand Dollars per Well Dollars per Foot

Crude Oil 1 Natural Gas 2 Dry Holes 3 All Crude Oil 1 Natural Gas 2 Dry Holes 3 

Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Real 4 Nominal Nominal Nominal 

1960 52.2 102.7 44.0 54.9 261.1 13.22 18.57 10.56 1961 51.3 94.7 45.2 54.5 256.2 13.11 17.65 10.56 1962 54.2 97.1 50.8 58.6 271.8 13.41 18.10 11.20 1963 51.8 92.4 48.2 55.0 252.4 13.20 17.19 10.58 1964 50.6 104.8 48.5 55.8 252.2 13.12 18.57 10.64 1965 56.6 101.9 53.1 60.6 269.1 13.94 18.35 11.21 1966 62.2 133.8 56.9 68.4 295.1 15.04 21.75 12.34 1967 66.6 141.0 61.5 72.9 305.1 16.61 23.05 12.87 1968 79.1 148.5 66.2 81.5 327.0 18.63 24.05 12.88 1969 86.5 154.3 70.2 88.6 338.7 19.28 25.58 13.23 1970 86.7 160.7 80.9 94.9 344.6 19.29 26.75 15.21 1971 78.4 166.6 86.8 94.7 327.6 18.41 27.70 16.02 1972 93.5 157.8 94.9 106.4 352.8 20.77 27.78 17.28 1973 103.8 155.3 105.8 117.2 367.8 22.54 27.46 19.22 1974 110.2 189.2 141.7 138.7 399.5 27.82 34.11 26.76 1975 138.6 262.0 177.2 177.8 467.9 34.17 46.23 33.86 1976 151.1 270.4 190.3 191.6 476.7 37.35 49.78 36.94 1977 170.0 313.5 230.2 227.2 531.4 41.16 57.57 43.49 1978 208.0 374.2 281.7 280.0 611.8 49.72 68.37 52.55 1979 243.1 443.1 339.6 331.4 668.8 58.29 80.66 64.60 1980 272.1 536.4 376.5 367.7 680.4 66.36 95.16 73.70 1981 336.3 698.6 464.0 453.7 767.4 80.40 122.17 90.03 1982 347.4 864.3 515.4 514.4 820.0 86.34 146.20 104.09 1983 283.8 608.1 366.5 371.7 570.1 72.65 108.37 79.10 1984 262.1 489.8 329.2 326.5 482.5 66.32 88.80 67.18 1985 270.4 508.7 372.3 349.4 501.2 66.78 93.09 73.69 1986 284.9 522.9 389.2 364.6 511.7 68.35 93.02 76.53 1987 246.0 380.4 259.1 279.6 382.0 58.35 69.55 51.05 1988 279.4 460.3 366.4 354.7 468.6 62.28 84.65 66.96 1989 282.3 457.8 355.4 362.2 461.1 64.92 86.86 67.61 1990 321.8 471.3 367.5 383.6 470.2 69.17 90.73 67.49 1991 346.9 506.6 441.2 421.5 499.1 73.75 93.10 83.05 1992 362.3 426.1 357.6 382.6 442.9 69.50 72.83 67.82 1993 356.6 521.2 387.7 426.8 482.9 67.52 83.15 72.56 1994 409.5 535.1 491.5 483.2 535.4 70.57 81.90 86.60 1995 415.8 629.7 481.2 513.4 557.4 78.09 95.97 84.60 1996 341.0 616.0 541.0 496.1 528.6 70.60 98.67 95.74 1997 445.6 728.6 655.6 603.9 632.9 90.48 117.55 115.09 1998 566.0 815.6 973.2 769.1 797.2 108.88 127.94 157.79 1999 783.0 798.4 1,115.5 856.1 874.8 156.45 138.42 182.99 2000 593.4 756.9 1,075.4 754.6 754.6 125.96 138.39 181.83 2001 729.1 896.5 1,620.4 943.2 921.1 153.72 172.05 271.63 2002 882.8 991.9 1,673.4 1,054.2 R1,011.9 194.55 175.78 284.17 2003 1,037.3 1,106.0 2,065.1 1,199.5 R1,128.4 221.13 189.95 345.94 2004 1,441.8 1,716.4 1,977.3 1,673.1 1,533.6 298.45 284.78 327.91 

1 See "Crude Oil Well" in Glossary. 2 See "Natural Gas Well" in Glossary. 3 See "Dry Hole" in Glossary. 4 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Table D1.

R=Revised. Notes: • The information reported for 1965 and prior years is not strictly comparable to that in more

recent surveys. • Average cost is the arithmetic mean and i

wells and for surface-producing facilities. Wells drilled include exservice wells, stratigraphic tests, and core tests. See "DevGlossary.

Web Page: For related information, see http://api-ec.api.org/nSource: American Petroleum Institute, 2004 Joint Association 
Figure 4.9 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Gross Additions to Proved Re

Exploration and Development Expenditures

Gross Additions to Proved Reserves of Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids, 1974-2004Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploration and Development Expenditures per Barrel of Reserve AdditionExpenditures, 1974-2004 Three-Year Moving Average112 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Crude oil equivalent.

Note: “Major U.S. Energy Companies” are the top publicly-owned crude oil and natural gas

producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financial Reporting System (FRS). See Table

3.14.

Source: Table 4.9.

U.S. Total

Major U.S. Energy Companie

1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 199

-2

0

2

468

10

-2

Billion Barrels COE1

Major U.S. Energy Companies–Foreign

Major U.S. Energy

Companies–United States

1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004

0

1020304050

Billion Nominal Dollars

Major U.S. Energy Companies

–Foreign

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

2

468

10

12

14

Nominal Dollars per Barrel COE1
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.9 Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Gross Additions to Proved Reserves,

 and Exploration and Development Expenditures, 1974-2004

Year

Gross Additions to Proved Reserves 1

of Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids

Crude Oil and Natural Gas

Exploration and Development Expenditures

Expenditur

T

U.S. Total

 Major U.S. Energy Companies 2 Major U.S. Energy Companies 2 Ma

United States Foreign United States Foreign United S

Million Barrels COE 3 Billion Dollars 4 

1974 NA 2,205 NA 8.7 3.8 NA 1975 3,846 -634 NA 7.8 5.3 8.01976 3,224 1,663 1,459 9.5 5.2 8.61977 3,765 2,210 1,055 10.7 5.6 5.11978 3,679 2,383 1,191 11.8 6.4 7.31979 5,071 1,378 51,208 21.3 7.8 9.31980 6,723 2,590 1,977 26.2 11.0 11.81981 7,304 2,848 1,006 33.0 12.4 11.61982 5,030 2,482 1,332 39.1 14.2 610.61983 6,412 3,427 1,918 27.1 10.7 9.21984 6,653 3,941 1,298 48.1 17.3 68.21985 6,190 73,129 1,192 28.5 10.1 78.21986 4,866 2,178 51,375 17.4 7.5 6.61987 6,059 73,698 2,516 14.3 9.2 74.51988 7,156 3,359 2,460 21.0 13.0 5.01989 5,385 2,798 2,043 15.0 14.1 5.61990 6,275 2,979 2,355 15.1 13.6 5.81991 4,227 1,772 2,135 14.2 13.7 6.51992 5,006 1,332 1,694 10.3 12.9 7.01993 4,814 1,945 2,147 10.9 12.5 5.61994 6,021 2,703 3,173 12.6 11.9 4.71995 6,558 2,929 2,799 12.4 13.2 5.11996 6,707 2,131 3,280 14.6 16.6 7.61997 7,233 1,367 3,279 21.8 17.9 9.61998 3,628 2,798 5,206 24.4 26.4 11.11999 7,929 1,197 3,360 13.5 17.5 10.22000 8,725 4,392 3,593 48.0 28.8 9.62001 7,449 4,271 6,744 33.9 35.9 10.42002 7,056 2,232 3,036 31.8 31.4 10.62003 5,189 2,216 R4,047 27.2 28.2 R12.52004 6,624 2,825 841 32.4 25.3 NA 

1 Gross additions to proved reserves equal annual change in proved reserves plus annual production. 

See "Proved Reserves, Crude Oil," "Proved Reserves, Natural Gas," and "Proved Reserves, Natural GasLiquids" in Glossary.

2 "Major U.S. Energy Companies" are the top publicly-owned, U.S.-based crude oil and natural gas

producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financial Reporting System (FRS) (see Table 3.14). 

3 Crude oil equivalent: converted to Btu on the basis of annual average conversion factors. See

Appendix A.

4 Nominal dollars. 5 Data for 1979 exclude downward revisions of 1,225 million barrels COE due to Iranian policies. Data

for 1986 exclude downward revisions due to Libyan sanctions. 6 Data for 1982 and 1984 are adjusted to exclude purchases of proved reserves associated withmergers among the Financial Reporting System companies.

7 Data for 1985 and 1987 exclude downward revisions of 1

barrels COE, respectively, of Alaska North Slope natural gas res

R=Revised. NA=Not available. Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Major U.S. Energy Companies: • 1974-1976—

Form EIA-28, "Financial Reporting System" database, NoPerformance Profiles of Major Energy Producers, annual reportsReserves: • 1975-1979—American Gas Association, AmePetroleum Association (published jointly), Reserves of Crude Othe United States and Canada as of December 31, 1979, VolumU.S. Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids Reserves, 
Figure 4.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Expenditures for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exp

Development by Region

Total, 1974-2004 U.S. and Foreign, 1974-2004 U.S. Onshore and OfBy Region, 2004114 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. See Glossary.2 This region includes areas that are eastward of the Greenwich prime meridian to 180°

longitude and that are not included in other domestic or foreign classifications. 3 This region includes areas that are westward of the Greenwich prime meridian to 180°

longitude and that are not included in other domestic or foreign classifications.

Notes: • “Major U.S. Energy Companies” are the top 

and natural gas producers and petroleum refiners that f

(FRS). See Table 3.14. • Because vertical scales differ, g

Source: Table 4.10.

and Former U.S.S.R.

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

20406080

Billion Nominal Dollars

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

20406080

Billion Nominal Dollars

1980 1985 

0

20406080

Billion Nominal Dollars Onshore

Offshore

United States

Foreign

32.4

5.3 4.4

2.0

6.9

1.3

United States Canada OECD1 Europe Eastern Europe Africa Middle East Other 

05

101520253035

Billion Nominal Dollars

Hem
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.10 Major U.S. Energy Companies’ Expenditures for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratio

 by Region, 1974-2004 (Billion Nominal Dollars)

Year

United States Foreign

Onshore Offshore Total Canada 

OECD

Europe 1

Eastern

Europe and

Former U.S.S.R. Africa

Middle

East

Other

Eastern

Hemisphere 2

Oth

West

Hemisp

1974 NA NA 8.7 NA NA — NA NA NA N1975 NA NA 7.8 NA NA — NA NA NA N1976 NA NA 9.5 NA NA — NA NA NA N1977 6.7 4.0 10.7 1.5 2.5 — 0.7 0.2 0.3 01978 7.5 4.3 11.8 1.6 2.6 — 0.8 0.3 0.4 01979 13.0 8.3 21.3 2.3 3.0 — 0.8 0.2 0.5 01980 16.8 9.4 26.2 3.1 4.3 — 1.4 0.2 0.8 11981 19.9 13.0 33.0 1.8 5.0 — 2.1 0.3 1.9 11982 27.2 11.9 39.1 1.9 6.3 — 2.1 0.4 2.4 11983 16.0 11.1 27.1 1.6 4.3 — 1.7 0.5 2.0 01984 32.1 16.0 48.1 5.4 5.5 — 3.4 0.5 2.0 01985 20.0 8.5 28.5 1.9 3.7 — 1.6 0.9 1.3 01986 12.5 4.9 17.4 1.1 3.2 — 1.1 0.3 1.2 01987 9.7 4.5 14.3 1.9 3.0 — 0.8 0.4 2.8 01988 12.9 8.1 21.0 5.4 4.3 — 0.8 0.4 1.4 01989 9.0 6.0 15.0 6.3 3.5 — 1.0 0.4 2.3 01990 10.2 4.9 15.1 1.8 6.6 — 1.4 0.6 2.4 01991 9.6 4.6 14.2 1.7 6.8 — 1.5 0.5 2.4 01992 7.3 3.0 10.3 1.1 6.8 — 1.4 0.6 2.4 01993 7.2 3.7 10.9 1.6 5.5 0.3 1.5 0.7 2.5 01994 7.8 4.8 12.6 1.8 4.4 0.3 1.4 0.4 2.8 01995 7.7 4.7 12.4 1.9 5.2 0.4 2.0 0.4 2.4 01996 7.9 6.7 14.6 1.6 5.6 0.5 2.8 0.5 4.1 11997 13.0 8.8 21.8 2.0 7.1 0.6 3.0 0.6 3.0 11998 13.5 11.0 24.4 4.8 8.6 1.3 3.1 0.9 3.9 31999 6.6 6.9 13.5 2.1 4.1 0.6 3.1 0.4 3.4 32000 27.1 21.0 48.0 4.9 7.5 0.9 2.7 0.6 6.8 52001 24.2 9.6 33.9 15.3 5.4 0.9 5.5 0.7 5.0 32002 22.3 9.5 31.8 6.7 9.8 1.3 5.1 0.8 6.2 12003 14.7 12.5 27.2 4.9 5.7 2.1 9.2 1.0 4.2 12004 21.9 10.5 32.4 5.3 4.4 2.0 6.9 1.3 3.8 1

1 The European members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) are

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, theNetherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom, and, for 1997forward, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland. 2 This region includes areas that are eastward of the Greenwich prime meridian to 180° longitude andthat are not included in other domestic or foreign classifications. 3 This region includes areas that are westward of the Greenwich prime meridian to 180° longitude andthat are not included in other domestic or foreign classifications.

NA=Not available. — = Not applicable. Notes: • "Major U.S. Energy Companies" are the top pub

gas producers and petroleum refiners that form the Financia• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independen

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gSources: • 1974-1976—Energy Information Administration 

Financial Reporting System Database, November 1997. • Major Energy Producers, annual reports.
Figure 4.11 Coal Demonstrated Reserve Base, January 1, 2005

By Key State By RegionWest and East of the Mississippi By Mining Method By Rank116 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 4.11.

119

105

64

33 30 28 23

16 12 12 10

Montana Illinois Wyo- West Ken- Penn- Ohio Colo- Texas New Indiana

0

153045607590

105120135

Billion Short Tons 235 

Western 

0

100200300400

Billion Short Tons

ming Virginia tucky sylvania rado Mexico

263

Bitu- S

0

100200300400

Billion Short Tons258 236

West of the East of the

0

100200300400

Billion Short Tons

Mississippi

336

159

Underground Surface

0

100200300400

Billion Short Tons

Mississippi minous m
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.11 Coal Demonstrated Reserve Base, January 1, 2005

 (Billion Short Tons)

Region and State Anthracite

Bituminous Coal Subbituminous Coal Lignite 

Underground Surface Underground Surface Surface 1 Undergrou

Appalachian .......................................................... 7.3 70.9 23.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 74.9 

 Alabama ............................................................... 0.0 1.0 2.1 0.0 0.0 1.1 1.0  Kentucky, Eastern ................................................ 0.0 1.3 9.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3  Ohio ...................................................................... 0.0 17.6 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.6  Pennsylvania ........................................................ 7.2 19.5 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.3  Virginia .................................................................. 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2  West Virginia ........................................................ 0.0 29.4 3.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 29.4  Other 2 .................................................................. 0.0 1.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 

Interior ................................................................... 0.1 117.4 27.3 0.0 0.0 12.9 117.5 

 Illinois .................................................................... 0.0 88.0 16.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 88.0  Indiana .................................................................. 0.0 8.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.8  Iowa ...................................................................... 0.0 1.7 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7  Kentucky, Western ............................................... 0.0 15.9 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.9  Missouri ................................................................ 0.0 1.5 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5  Oklahoma ............................................................. 0.0 1.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2  Texas .................................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.4 0.0  Other 3 .................................................................. 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.4 

Western ................................................................. (s) 21.8 2.3 121.3 59.6 29.4 143.1 

 Alaska ................................................................... 0.0 0.6 0.1 4.8 0.6 (s) 5.4  Colorado ............................................................... (s) 7.8 0.6 3.7 0.0 4.2 11.5  Montana ................................................................ 0.0 1.4 0.0 69.6 32.6 15.8 71.0  New Mexico .......................................................... (s) 2.7 0.9 3.5 5.1 0.0 6.2  North Dakota ........................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.1 0.0  Utah ...................................................................... 0.0 5.2 0.3 (s) 0.0 0.0 5.2  Washington ........................................................... 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.0 (s) (s) 1.3  Wyoming ............................................................... 0.0 3.8 0.5 38.7 21.3 0.0 42.5  Other 4 .................................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 0.0 

U.S. Total ............................................................... 7.5 210.1 52.6 121.3 59.6 43.4 335.5 

 States East of the Mississippi River ..................... 7.3 183.7 43.9 0.0 0.0 1.1 187.6  States West of the Mississippi River .................... 0.1 26.4 8.7 121.3 59.6 42.3 147.8 

1 Lignite resources are not mined underground in the United States. 2 Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, and Tennessee. 3 Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, and Michigan. 4 Arizona, Idaho, Oregon, and South Dakota.

(s)=Less than 0.05 billion short tons. Notes: • See U.S. Coal Reserves: 1997 Update on the Web Page for a description of the methodology

used to produce these data. • Data represent remaining measured and indicated coal resources, analyzed

and on file, meeting minimum seam and depth criteria, and in 

coal resources are not totally recoverable. Net recoverability wi0 percent (in far northern Alaska) to more than 90 percent. Fiftbase of coal in the United States is estimated to be recovecomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, Coal Reserves D
Figure 4.12 Uranium Exploration and Development Drilling

Total Holes Drilled, 1958-2001 and 2004-2005 Holes Drilled, Selected YearsTotal Footage Drilled, 1949-2001 and 2004-2005 Footage Drilled, Selected Years118 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Source: Table 4.12.

19

10

9

8

28

18

1961 1971 1981 

0

102030

Thousands 

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

20406080

100120

Thousands

3

4

3

1

11

11

1961 1971 1981 

048

12

Million Feet 

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

102030405060

Million Feet
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.12 Uranium Exploration and Development Drilling, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Exploration 1 Development 2 

Holes Drilled Footage Drilled Holes Drilled Footage Drilled Holes Drilled 

Thousands Million Feet Thousands Million Feet Thousands 

1949 NA 0.36 NA 0.05 NA 1950 NA 0.57 NA 0.21 NA 1955 NA 5.27 NA 0.76 NA 1960 7.34 1.40 24.40 4.21 31.73 1965 6.23 1.16 7.33 0.95 13.56 1970 43.98 17.98 14.87 5.55 58.85 1971 28.42 11.40 10.44 4.05 38.86 1972 26.91 11.82 9.71 3.61 36.62 1973 22.56 10.83 11.70 5.59 34.26 1974 27.40 14.72 12.30 6.84 39.70 1975 34.29 15.69 21.60 9.73 55.89 1976 40.41 20.36 27.23 14.44 67.64 1977 62.60 27.96 30.86 17.62 93.45 1978 75.07 28.95 29.29 19.15 104.35 1979 60.46 28.07 30.19 13.01 90.65 1980 39.61 19.60 20.19 8.59 59.80 1981 17.75 10.87 8.67 3.35 26.42 1982 6.97 4.23 3.00 1.13 9.97 1983 4.29 2.09 3.01 1.08 7.30 1984 4.80 2.26 0.72 0.29 5.52 1985 2.88 1.42 0.77 0.34 3.65 1986 1.99 1.10 1.85 0.97 3.83 1987 1.82 1.11 1.99 0.86 3.81 1988 2.03 1.28 3.18 1.73 5.21 1989 2.09 1.43 1.75 0.80 3.84 1990 1.51 0.87 1.91 0.81 3.42 1991 1.62 0.97 1.57 0.87 3.20 1992 0.94 0.56 0.83 0.50 1.77 1993 0.36 0.22 1.67 0.89 2.02 1994 0.52 0.34 0.48 0.32 1.00 1995 0.58 0.40 1.73 0.95 2.31 1996 1.12 0.88 3.58 2.16 4.70 1997 1.94 1.33 5.86 3.56 7.79 1998 1.37 0.89 5.23 3.75 6.60 1999 0.27 0.18 2.91 2.33 3.18 2000 W W W W 1.55 2001 0.00 0.00 1.02 0.66 1.02 2002 W W W W W 2003 NA NA NA NA W 2004 W W W W 2.19 2005E W W W W 3.21 

1 Includes surface drilling in search of new ore deposits or extensions of known deposits and drilling at

the location of a discovery up to the time the company decides sufficient ore reserves are present to justifycommercial exploitation.

2 Includes all surface drilling on an ore deposit to determine more precisely size, grade, and

configuration subsequent to the time that commercial exploitation is deemed feasible.

E=Estimate. NA=Not available. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http:/

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelnuclea

Sources: • 1949-1981—U.S. Department of Energy, Gra

Uranium Industry, January 1, 1983, Report No. GJO-100 (19Information Administration (EIA), Uranium Industry Annual, annUranium Production Report" (May 2006).
Figure 4.13 Uranium Reserves and Resources, 2003

Reserves, Million Pounds U308 Reserves and Resources120 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 California, Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, and

Washington.

Note: Data are at end of year.Source: Table 4.13.

AZ

UT

CO

CA

OR

WA

ID

NV

NM

566

341

84

WY

582

363

106

TX

23 38 6 Forward-Cost Category (dollars per pound)

$30 or Less$50 or Less$100 or Less

170

123

45

Sum of AZ, CO, and UT

NESDND

58 40 24

Sum of Other States1

Billion Pounds U O3 8

1.3

2.2

3

0.3

0.9

$30 or Less $50 o

(dollars p

Forward-Co

0

1

2

3456

ReservesEstimated Additional Speculative Resource
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 4.13 Uranium Reserves and Resources, 2003

 (Million Pounds U3O8)

Resource Category and State

Forward-Cost Category (dollars per pound) 

$30 or Less $50 or Less 

Reserves 2 ......................................................................................................................... 265 890 

 New Mexico .................................................................................................................. 84 341  Wyoming ....................................................................................................................... 106 363  Texas ............................................................................................................................ 6 23  Arizona, Colorado, Utah ............................................................................................... 45 123  Others 3 ........................................................................................................................ 24 40 

Potential Resources 4

 Estimated Additional Resources ..................................................................................... 2,180 3,310  Speculative Resources ................................................................................................... 1,310 2,230 

1 Forward costs are all operating and capital costs (in current dollars) yet to be incurred in the

production of uranium from estimated resources. Excluded are previous expenditures (such as explorationand land acquisitions), taxes, profit, and the cost of money. Generally, forward costs are lower than marketprices. Resource values in forward-cost categories are cumulative; that is, the quantity at each level offorward cost includes all reserves/resources at the lower cost in that category. 2 The Energy Information Administration (EIA) category of uranium reserves is equivalent to theinternationally reported category of "Reasonably Assured Resources" (RAR). 3 California, Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Washington. 4 Shown are the mean values for the distribution of estimates for each forward-cost category, rounded

to the nearest million pounds U3O8.

Notes: • Data are at end of year. • Until further notice, the

pending completion of a review of the EIA’s uranium resource asSee "Uranium Oxide" in Glossary.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • Forward Costs $30 or Less and $50 or Less—En

Uranium Reserves Estimates" (June 2004). • Forward Costs $Electric and Alternate Fuels database as of June 2004.

Petroleum

5

Oil pumping unit and drilling rig, Texas. Source: U.S. Department of Energy.

Diagram 2. Petroleum Flow, 2005

(Million Barrels per Day)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

a Unfinished oils, other hydrocarbons/hydrogen, and motor gasoline and aviation gasoline

blending components.

b Net Imports (1.04), adjustments (+0.06), and stock change (less than 0.01).c Finished petroleum products, liquefied petroleum gases, and pentanes plus.d Natural gas plant liquids production minus refinery input.

Notes: • Data are preliminary. • Values are derived frpublication. • Totals may not equal sum of components dSources: Tables 5.1, 5.3, 5.5, 5.8, 5.11, 5.13a-5.13d, 5February 2006, Table 4.

Crude Oil

Imports

10.06

Other Liquids

Refinery and

Blender Net

Inputs

1.09

a

b

Crude Oil

Refinery

and Blender

Net Inputs

15.20

Crude Oil

Supply

15.18

Crude Oil

Production

5.12

Refinery

16.73

and Blender

Net Inputs

Crude Oil

0.19

Adjustments Crude Oil Stock

Change

0.13 NGPL

Refinery

0.43

d

and Blender

Net Inputs

Processing

Gain

0.98

NGPL

Direct Use

1.28

d

Refined Products

Stock Change

0.01

c

Adjustment for

Motor Gasoline

Blending Components

and Fuel Ethanol

0.38

Refinery

17.71

and 

Blender

Net

Production

Refined Products

Exports

1.07

c

Refined Productsc

Imports

2.37

0.91

Jet Fuel 1.63

2.02 Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Residual

Fuel Oil

Petroleum

Consumption

20.66

Re

Distillate

Fuel Oil

4.11

Other 2.86
Figure 5.1 Petroleum Overview

Overview, 1949-2005 Overview, 2005Crude Oil and Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production, 1949-2005 Trade, 1949-2005126 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Petroleum products supplied is used as an approximation for consumption.2 Crude oil and natural gas plant liquids production.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 5.1 and 5.3.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

10152025

Million Barrels per Day 6.8 13.5

1.2

Production 2 Imports Export

05

10152025

Million Barrels per Day Production2 Consumption1

Net Imports

5.12 in

2005

Natural Gas Plant Liquids

Peak: 9.64

in 1970

Crude Oil

Crude Oil Import

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

Million Barrels per Day

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0369

12

Million Barrels per Day

Exports
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.1 Petroleum Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Production 1

Processing

Gain 3

Trade

Stoc

Chang

Crude Oil

Natural Gas

Plant Liquids Total Imports Exports

Net

Imports 4 48 States 2 Alaska Total

1949 5,046 0 5,046 430 5,477 -2 645 327 318 -1950 5,407 0 5,407 499 5,906 2 850 305 545 -51955 6,807 0 6,807 771 7,578 34 1,248 368 880 (s) 1960 7,034 2 7,035 929 7,965 146 1,815 202 1,613 -81965 7,774 30 7,804 1,210 9,014 220 2,468 187 2,281 -1970 9,408 229 9,637 1,660 11,297 359 3,419 259 3,161 101971 9,245 218 9,463 1,693 11,155 382 3,926 224 3,701 71972 9,242 199 9,441 1,744 11,185 388 4,741 222 4,519 -231973 9,010 198 9,208 1,738 10,946 453 6,256 231 6,025 131974 8,581 193 8,774 1,688 10,462 480 6,112 221 5,892 171975 8,183 191 8,375 1,633 10,007 460 6,056 209 5,846 31976 7,958 173 8,132 1,604 9,736 477 7,313 223 7,090 -51977 7,781 464 8,245 1,618 9,862 524 8,807 243 8,565 541978 7,478 1,229 8,707 1,567 10,275 496 8,363 362 8,002 -94 1979 7,151 1,401 8,552 1,584 10,135 527 8,456 471 7,985 171980 6,980 1,617 8,597 1,573 10,170 597 6,909 544 6,365 141981 6,962 1,609 8,572 1,609 10,180 508 5,996 595 5,401 161982 6,953 1,696 8,649 1,550 10,199 531 5,113 815 4,298 -141983 6,974 1,714 8,688 1,559 10,246 488 5,051 739 4,312 -21984 7,157 1,722 8,879 1,630 10,509 553 5,437 722 4,715 281985 7,146 1,825 8,971 1,609 10,581 557 5,067 781 4,286 -101986 6,814 1,867 8,680 1,551 10,231 616 6,224 785 5,439 201987 6,387 1,962 8,349 1,595 9,944 639 6,678 764 5,914 41988 6,123 2,017 8,140 1,625 9,765 655 7,402 815 6,587 -21989 5,739 1,874 7,613 1,546 9,159 661 8,061 859 7,202 -41990 5,582 1,773 7,355 1,559 8,914 683 8,018 857 7,161 101991 5,618 1,798 7,417 1,659 9,076 715 7,627 1,001 6,626 -11992 5,457 1,714 7,171 1,697 8,868 772 7,888 950 6,938 -61993 5,264 1,582 6,847 1,736 8,582 766 8,620 1,003 7,618 151994 5,103 1,559 6,662 1,727 8,388 768 8,996 942 8,054 11995 5,076 1,484 6,560 1,762 8,322 774 8,835 949 7,886 -241996 5,071 1,393 6,465 1,830 8,295 837 9,478 981 8,498 -151997 5,156 1,296 6,452 1,817 8,269 850 10,162 1,003 9,158 141998 5,077 1,175 6,252 1,759 8,011 886 10,708 945 9,764 231999 4,832 1,050 5,881 1,850 7,731 886 10,852 940 9,912 -422000 4,851 970 5,822 1,911 7,733 948 11,459 1,040 10,419 -62001 4,839 963 5,801 1,868 7,670 903 11,871 971 10,900 322002 4,761 984 5,746 1,880 7,626 957 11,530 984 10,546 -102003 4,706 974 5,681 1,719 7,400 974 12,264 1,027 11,238 52004 R4,510 908 R5,419 R1,809 R7,228 R1,051 R13,145 1,048 R12,097 R202005P 4,256 864 5,121 1,709 6,830 982 13,527 1,174 12,353 14

1 Crude oil production on leases, and natural gas plant liquids (liquefied petroleum gases, pentanes

plus, and a small amount of finished petroleum products) production at natural gas processing plants. Excludes what was previously classified as "Field Production" of finished motor gasoline, motor gasolineblending components, and other hydrocarbons and oxygenates; these are now included in "Adjustments."

2 United States excluding Alaska and Hawaii. 3 Refinery output minus refinery input. See Table 5.8. 4 Net imports equal imports minus exports. 5 A negative number indicates a decrease in stocks and a positive number indicates an increase. 

Distillate stocks in the "Northeast Heating Oil Reserve" are not included.

6 An adjustment for crude oil, motor gasoline blending components, and fuel ethanol.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day.

Notes: • Crude oil includes lease condensate. • See N

Petroleum Consumption," Note 2, "Adjustment to Total Pet"Changes Affecting Petroleum Production and Product Supplied not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.2 Crude Oil Production and Crude Oil Well Productivity, 1954-2005

By Geographic Location By Site48 States1 and Alaska Number of Producing Wells Average Productivity128 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 United States excluding Alaska and Hawaii.

Note: Crude oil includes lease condensate.

Source: Table 5.2.

Total

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

Million Barrels per Day (Cumulative)

Total

1960 1970 1980 

0

2

468

10

Million Barrels per Day (Cumulative) 48 States1 Alaska Offshore Onshore

Alaska

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

10

Million Barrels per Day48 States1

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

200400600800

Thousand Wells

1960 1970 

05

101520

Barrels per Day per Well

1985: 647

thousand wells

2005: 506

thousand wells

Peak: 18.6 i
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.2 Crude Oil Production and Crude Oil Well Productivity, 1954-2005

Year

Geographic Location Site Type

Total

Production

48 States 2 Alaska Onshore Offshore Crude Oil Lease Condensate Produc

Thousand Barrels per Day Tho

1954 6,342 0 6,209 133 6,342 5 ( ) 6,342 1955 6,807 0 6,645 162 6,807 5 ( ) 6,807 1956 7,151 0 6,951 201 7,151 5 ( ) 7,151 1957 7,170 0 6,940 229 7,170 5 ( ) 7,170 1958 6,710 0 6,473 236 6,710 5 ( ) 6,710 1959 7,053 1 6,779 274 7,054 5 ( ) 7,054 1960 7,034 2 6,716 319 7,035 5 ( ) 7,035 1961 7,166 17 6,817 365 7,183 5 ( ) 7,183 1962 7,304 28 6,888 444 7,332 5 ( ) 7,332 1963 7,512 29 7,026 515 7,542 5 ( ) 7,542 1964 7,584 30 7,027 587 7,614 5 ( ) 7,614 1965 7,774 30 7,140 665 7,804 5 ( ) 7,804 1966 8,256 39 7,473 823 8,295 5 ( ) 8,295 1967 8,730 80 7,802 1,009 8,810 5 ( ) 8,810 1968 8,915 181 7,808 1,287 8,660 436 9,096 1969 9,035 203 7,797 1,441 8,778 460 9,238 1970 9,408 229 8,060 1,577 9,180 457 9,637 1971 9,245 218 7,779 1,684 9,032 431 9,463 1972 9,242 199 7,780 1,660 8,998 443 9,441 1973 9,010 198 7,592 1,616 8,784 424 9,208 1974 8,581 193 7,285 1,489 8,375 399 8,774 1975 8,183 191 7,012 1,362 8,007 367 8,375 1976 7,958 173 6,868 1,264 7,776 356 8,132 1977 7,781 464 7,069 1,176 7,875 370 8,245 1978 7,478 1,229 7,571 1,136 8,353 355 8,707 1979 7,151 1,401 7,485 1,067 8,181 371 8,552 1980 6,980 1,617 7,562 1,034 8,210 386 8,597 1981 6,962 1,609 7,537 1,034 8,176 395 8,572 1982 6,953 1,696 7,538 1,110 8,261 387 8,649 1983 6,974 1,714 7,492 1,196 8,688 5 ( ) 8,688 1984 7,157 1,722 7,596 1,283 8,879 5 ( ) 8,879 1985 7,146 1,825 7,722 1,250 8,971 5 ( ) 8,971 1986 6,814 1,867 7,426 1,254 8,680 5 ( ) 8,680 1987 6,387 1,962 7,153 1,196 8,349 5 ( ) 8,349 1988 6,123 2,017 6,949 1,191 8,140 5 ( ) 8,140 1989 5,739 1,874 6,486 1,127 7,613 5 ( ) 7,613 1990 5,582 1,773 6,273 1,082 7,355 5 ( ) 7,355 1991 5,618 1,798 6,245 1,172 7,417 5 ( ) 7,417 1992 5,457 1,714 5,953 1,218 7,171 5 ( ) 7,171 1993 5,264 1,582 5,606 1,241 6,847 5 ( ) 6,847 1994 5,103 1,559 5,291 1,370 6,662 5 ( ) 6,662 1995 5,076 1,484 5,035 1,525 6,560 5 ( ) 6,560 1996 5,071 1,393 4,902 1,562 6,465 5 ( ) 6,465 1997 5,156 1,296 4,803 1,648 6,452 5 ( ) 6,452 1998 5,077 1,175 4,560 1,692 6,252 5 ( ) 6,252 1999 4,832 1,050 4,132 1,750 5,881 5 ( ) 5,881 2000 4,851 970 4,049 1,773 5,822 5 ( ) 5,822 2001 4,839 963 3,879 1,923 5,801 5 ( ) 5,801 2002 4,761 984 3,743 2,003 5,746 5 ( ) 5,746 2003 4,706 974 3,668 2,012 5,681 5 ( ) 5,681 2004 R4,510 908 R3,536 R1,883 R5,419 5 ( ) R5,419 2005 P4,256 P864 E3,382 E1,738 P5,121 5 ( ) P5,121 P

1 See "Crude Oil Well" in Glossary. 2 United States excluding Alaska and Hawaii. 3 As of December 31. 4 Through 1976, average productivity is based on the average number of producing wells. Beginning in

1977, average productivity is based on the number of wells producing at end of year. 5 Included in "Crude Oil."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html for related infomation.

Sources: Onshore: • 1954-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industry Surveys, Petroleum Statement (PS), Annual, annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information Administration (EIA), Energy Data

Reports, PS, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, Petrol

• 2005—EIA estimate. Offshore: • 1954-1969—U.S. GeStatistics (June 1979). • 1970-1975—Bureau of Mines, Minereports. • 1976-1980—EIA, Energy Data Reports, PS, Annual, annual reports. • 2005—EIA estimate. Producing Wells: Yearbook, "Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products" chapter. PS, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-1994—Independent PeProducing Industry in Your State. • 1995 forward—Gulf PublisOther Data: • 1954-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Indus• 1976-1980—EIA, Energy Data Reports, PS, Annual, annual reports. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 200
Figure 5.3 Petroleum Imports by Type

Total, 1949-2005 By Selected Product, 1949-2005By Product, 2005130 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases.2 Aviation gasoline and blending components, kerosene, lubricants, pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, petroleum coke, special naphthas, waxes, other hydrocarbons and

oxygenates, and miscellaneous products.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 5.3.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

1015

Million Barrels per Day

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0.00.51.01.52.0

Million Barrels per Day

Total

Crude

Oil

Residual

Fuel Oil

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Petroleum

Products

604

561

526

494

327 318

145

Motor Unfinished Oils Residual Motor Gasoline Distillate LPG1 Jet Fuel Asp

0

100200300400500600700

Thousand Barrels per Day

Gasoline Fuel Oil Blending Fuel Oil

Components

R
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.3 Petroleum Imports by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Crude

Oil 1

Petroleum Products

Asphalt and

Road Oil

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet

Fuel 2

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Motor

Gasoline 4

Motor Gasoline

Blending

Components

Residual

Fuel Oil

Unfinished

Oils

O

Pro

Propane 

3 Total

1949 421 3 5 2 ( ) 0 0 0 0 206 10 1950 487 5 7 2 ( ) 0 0 (s) 6 ( ) 329 21 1955 782 9 12 2 ( ) 0 0 13 6 ( ) 417 15 1960 1,015 17 35 34 NA 4 27 6 ( ) 637 45 1965 1,238 17 36 81 NA 21 28 6 ( ) 946 92 1970 1,324 17 147 144 26 52 67 6 ( ) 1,528 108 1971 1,681 20 153 180 32 70 59 6 ( ) 1,583 124 1972 2,216 25 182 194 43 89 68 6 ( ) 1,742 125 1973 3,244 23 392 212 71 132 134 6 ( ) 1,853 137 1974 3,477 31 289 163 59 123 204 6 ( ) 1,587 121 1975 4,105 14 155 133 60 112 184 6 ( ) 1,223 36 1976 5,287 11 146 76 68 130 131 6 ( ) 1,413 32 1977 6,615 4 250 75 86 161 217 6 ( ) 1,359 31 1978 6,356 2 173 86 57 123 190 6 ( ) 1,355 27 1979 6,519 4 193 78 88 217 181 6 ( ) 1,151 59 1980 5,263 4 142 80 69 216 140 6 ( ) 939 55 1981 4,396 4 173 38 70 244 157 24 800 112 1982 3,488 5 93 29 63 226 197 42 776 174 1983 3,329 7 174 29 44 190 247 47 699 234 1984 3,426 18 272 62 67 195 299 83 681 231 1985 3,201 35 200 39 67 187 381 67 510 318 1986 4,178 29 247 57 110 242 326 72 669 250 1987 4,674 36 255 67 88 190 384 60 565 299 1988 5,107 31 302 90 106 209 405 57 644 360 1989 5,843 31 306 106 111 181 369 66 629 348 1990 5,894 32 278 108 115 188 342 62 504 413 1991 5,782 28 205 67 91 147 297 36 453 413 1992 6,083 27 216 82 85 131 294 41 375 443 1993 6,787 32 184 100 103 160 247 27 373 491 1994 7,063 37 203 117 124 183 356 20 314 413 1995 7,230 36 193 106 102 146 265 48 187 349 1996 7,508 27 230 111 119 166 336 166 248 367 1997 8,225 32 228 91 113 169 309 200 194 353 1998 8,706 28 210 124 137 194 311 209 275 302 1999 8,731 34 250 128 122 182 382 217 237 317 2000 9,071 28 295 162 161 215 427 223 352 274 2001 9,328 26 344 148 140 206 454 298 295 378 2002 9,140 27 267 107 145 183 498 311 249 410 2003 9,665 12 333 109 168 225 518 367 327 335 2004 R10,088 R43 R325 R127 R209 R263 R496 R451 R426 R490 2005P 10,056 40 327 145 226 318 604 494 526 561 

1 Includes imports for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in 1977. 2 Through 1955, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in "Motor Gasoline." Through 1964, kerosene-type jet

fuel is included with kerosene in "Other Products." Beginning in 2005, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in"Other Products." 3 Includes propylene. 4 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1955, also includes naphtha-type jet fuel. Through 1963, alsoincludes aviation gasoline and special naphthas. Through 1980, also includes motor gasoline blendingcomponents.

5 Aviation gasoline blending components, kerosene, lubricants, pentanes plus, petrochemical

feedstocks, petroleum coke, waxes, other hydrocarbons and oxygenates, and miscellaneous products. Through 1964, also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. Beginning in 1964, also includes aviation gasoline and

special naphthas. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-type 

6 Included in "Motor Gasoline."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • Includes imports from U.S. possessions and ter

components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.4 Petroleum Imports by Country of Origin

Total, OPEC, and Non-OPEC, 1960-2005 Selected Countries, 2005Selected OPEC Countries, 1960-2005 Selected Non-OPEC Countries, 1960-2005132 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. • Because vertical

scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 5.4.

Total

Non-OPEC

OPEC

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0369

12

15

Million Barrels per Day

2.2

1.6

1.5 1.5

1.1

Canada Mexico Saudi Vene- Nigeria 

0.00.6

1.2

1.82.4

Million Barrels per Day

Saudi Arabia

Venezuela

Nigeria

Arabia

Iraq

zuela 

Canada

Norway

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0.00.51.01.52.0

Million Barrels per Day

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

0.00.51.01.52.02.5

Million Barrels per Day
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.4 Petroleum Imports by Country of Origin, 1960-2005

Year

Persian

Gulf 2

Selected OPEC 1 Countries Selected Non-OPEC Countries

Im

Iraq Nigeria 

Saudi

Arabia Venezuela

Total

OPEC 3 Canada Colombia Mexico Norway

United

Kingdom

Total

Non-OPEC 3

Thousand Barrels per Day 

1960 NA 17 0 84 911 1,314 120 40 16 0 (s) 500 1961 346 25 0 73 879 1,286 190 28 40 0 1 631 1962 272 2 0 74 906 1,265 250 24 49 0 2 816 21963 303 1 0 108 900 1,283 265 23 48 0 3 839 21964 315 1 0 131 933 1,361 299 26 47 0 (s) 898 21965 345 16 15 158 994 1,476 323 42 48 0 (s) 992 21966 306 26 11 147 1,018 1,471 384 40 45 0 6 1,102 21967 198 5 5 92 938 1,259 450 32 49 0 11 1,278 21968 202 5 9 74 886 1,302 506 33 45 0 28 1,538 21969 179 5 49 65 875 1,336 608 43 43 0 20 1,830 1970 121 5 50 30 989 1,343 766 20 42 0 11 2,076 1971 299 11 102 128 1,020 1,673 857 9 27 0 10 2,253 1972 471 4 251 190 959 2,063 1,108 5 21 0 9 2,678 41973 848 4 459 486 1,135 2,993 1,325 9 16 1 15 3,263 1974 1,039 0 713 461 979 3,280 1,070 5 8 1 8 2,832 1975 1,165 2 762 715 702 3,601 846 9 71 17 14 2,454 1976 1,840 26 1,025 1,230 700 5,066 599 21 87 36 31 2,247 1977 2,448 74 1,143 1,380 690 6,193 517 17 179 50 126 2,614 1978 2,219 62 919 1,144 646 5,751 467 20 318 104 180 2,612 1979 2,069 88 1,080 1,356 690 5,637 538 18 439 75 202 2,819 1980 1,519 28 857 1,261 481 4,300 455 4 533 144 176 2,609 1981 1,219 (s) 620 1,129 406 3,323 447 1 522 119 375 2,672 1982 696 3 514 552 412 2,146 482 5 685 102 456 2,968 1983 442 10 302 337 422 1,862 547 10 826 66 382 3,189 1984 506 12 216 325 548 2,049 630 8 748 114 402 3,388 1985 311 46 293 168 605 1,830 770 23 816 32 310 3,237 1986 912 81 440 685 793 2,837 807 87 699 60 350 3,387 1987 1,077 83 535 751 804 3,060 848 148 655 80 352 3,617 1988 1,541 345 618 1,073 794 3,520 999 134 747 67 315 3,882 1989 1,861 449 815 1,224 873 4,140 931 172 767 138 215 3,921 1990 1,966 518 800 1,339 1,025 4,296 934 182 755 102 189 3,721 1991 1,845 0 703 1,802 1,035 4,092 1,033 163 807 82 138 3,535 1992 1,778 0 681 1,720 1,170 4,092 1,069 126 830 127 230 3,796 1993 1,782 0 740 1,414 1,300 4,273 1,181 171 919 142 350 4,347 1994 1,728 0 637 1,402 1,334 4,247 1,272 161 984 202 458 4,749 1995 1,573 0 627 1,344 1,480 4,002 1,332 219 1,068 273 383 4,833 1996 1,604 1 617 1,363 1,676 4,211 1,424 234 1,244 313 308 5,267 1997 1,755 89 698 1,407 1,773 4,569 1,563 271 1,385 309 226 5,593 11998 2,136 336 696 1,491 1,719 4,905 1,598 354 1,351 236 250 5,803 11999 2,464 725 657 1,478 1,493 4,953 1,539 468 1,324 304 365 5,899 12000 R2,488 620 896 1,572 1,546 5,203 1,807 342 1,373 343 366 6,257 12001 2,761 795 885 1,662 1,553 5,528 1,828 296 1,440 341 324 6,343 12002 2,269 459 621 1,552 1,398 4,605 1,971 260 1,547 393 478 6,925 12003 2,501 481 867 1,774 1,376 5,162 2,072 195 1,623 270 440 7,103 122004 R2,493 R656 R1,140 R1,558 R1,554 R5,701 R2,138 R176 R1,665 R244 R380 R7,444 R12005P 2,298 522 1,147 1,523 1,506 5,508 2,172 196 1,646 230 387 8,019 1

1 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. See Glossary for current membership. 2 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. 3 Ecuador withdrew from OPEC on December 31, 1992. Through 1992, Ecuador is included in "Total

OPEC"; beginning in 1993, Ecuador is included in "Total Non-OPEC." Gabon withdrew from OPEC onDecember 31, 1994. Through 1994, Gabon is included in "Total OPEC"; beginning in 1995, Gabon isincluded in "Total Non-OPEC."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day. Notes: • The country of origin for refined petroleum products may not be the country of origin for the

crude oil from which the refined products were produced. For example, refined products imported from

refineries in the Caribbean may have been produced from M

imports for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Sources: • 1960-1975—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yea

Products" chapter. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdminisDistricts Supply/Demand, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-200reports. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 200
Figure 5.5 Petroleum Exports by Type

Total, 1949-2005 By Selected Product, 1949-2005By Product, 2005134 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases.

2 Asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, kerosene, motor gasoline blending components,

pentanes plus, waxes, other hydrocarbons and oxygenates, and miscellaneous products.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 5.5.

Total

Products

Crude Oil

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

200400600800

1,0001,2001,400

Thousand Barrels per Day

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

100200300400

Thousand Barrels per Day

Residual Fuel Oil

Coke Fuel Oil Fuel Oil Gasoline Nap

347

251

138 136

53 53

40

2

Petroleum Residual Distillate Motor LPG1 Jet Fuel Lubricants Spe

0

100200300400

Thousand Barrels per Day
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.5 Petroleum Exports by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Crude

Oil 

Petroleum Products

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet

Fuel 1

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 3

Petroleum

Coke

Petrochemical

Feedstocks

Residual

Fuel Oil

Special

Naphthas

Propane 

2 Total

1949 91 34 1 ( ) NA 4 35 108 7 0 35 NA 1950 95 35 1 ( ) NA 4 39 68 7 0 44 NA 1955 32 67 (s) NA 12 39 95 12 0 93 NA 1960 8 27 (s) NA 8 43 37 19 0 51 NA 1965 3 10 3 NA 21 45 2 32 5 41 4 1970 14 2 6 6 27 44 1 84 10 54 4 1971 1 8 4 13 26 43 1 74 14 36 4 1972 1 3 3 18 31 41 1 85 13 33 4 1973 2 9 4 15 27 35 4 96 19 23 5 1974 3 2 3 14 25 33 2 113 15 14 4 1975 6 1 2 13 26 25 2 102 22 15 3 1976 8 1 2 13 25 26 3 103 30 12 7 1977 50 1 2 10 18 26 2 102 24 6 4 1978 158 3 1 9 20 27 1 111 23 13 2 1979 235 3 1 8 15 23 (s) 146 31 9 5 1980 287 3 1 10 21 23 1 136 29 33 5 1981 228 5 2 18 42 19 2 138 26 118 11 1982 236 74 6 31 65 16 20 156 24 209 5 1983 164 64 6 43 73 16 10 195 20 185 3 1984 181 51 9 30 48 15 6 193 21 190 2 1985 204 67 13 48 62 15 10 187 19 197 1 1986 154 100 18 28 42 23 33 238 22 147 1 1987 151 66 24 24 38 23 35 213 20 186 2 1988 155 69 28 31 49 26 22 231 23 200 7 1989 142 97 27 24 35 19 39 233 26 215 12 1990 109 109 43 28 40 20 55 220 26 211 11 1991 116 215 43 28 41 18 82 235 0 226 15 1992 89 219 43 33 49 16 96 216 0 193 14 1993 98 274 59 26 43 19 105 258 0 123 4 1994 99 234 20 24 38 22 97 261 0 125 20 1995 95 183 26 38 58 25 104 277 0 136 21 1996 110 190 48 28 51 34 104 285 0 102 21 1997 108 152 35 32 50 31 137 306 0 120 22 1998 110 124 26 25 42 25 125 267 0 138 18 1999 118 162 32 33 50 28 111 242 0 129 16 2000 50 173 32 53 74 26 144 319 0 139 20 2001 20 119 29 31 44 26 133 336 0 191 23 2002 9 112 15 55 67 33 124 337 0 177 15 2003 12 107 20 37 56 37 125 361 0 197 22 2004 27 110 40 28 43 41 124 350 0 205 27 2005P 41 138 53 37 53 40 136 347 0 251 21 

1 Through 1952, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which it was blended: gasoline,

kerosene, and distillate fuel oil. Through 1964, kerosene-type jet fuel is included with kerosene in "OtherProducts." Beginning in 2005, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in "Other Products."

2 Includes propylene. 3 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes aviation gasoline. 4 Asphalt and road oil, kerosene, motor gasoline blending components, pentanes plus, waxes, other

hydrocarbons and oxygenates, and miscellaneous products. Through 1964, also includes kerosene-typejet fuel. Beginning in 1964, also includes aviation gasoline. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-typejet fuel.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • Includes exports to U.S. possessions and terri

components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.6 Petroleum Exports by Country of Destination

Total Exports and Exports to Canada and Mexico, 1960-2005 By Selected Country, 1960-2005By Selected Country, 2005136 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 5.6.

Total Exports

Japan

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

0

100200300400

Thousand Barrels per Day Exports to Canada and Mexico

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

200400600800

1,0001,2001,400

Thousand Barrels per Day Canada 

and

Luxembourg

268

192

56

39 35 28 25 21 21 16 

Mexico Canada Japan Brazil Spain Italy Netherlands United Belgium South 

0

50

100150200250300

Thousand Barrels per Day

Kingdom Korea 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.6 Petroleum Exports by Country of Destination, 1960-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Belgium

and

Luxembourg Brazil Canada France Italy Japan Mexico

Netherlands South Korea Spain United Kingdom

I

P

1960 3 4 34 4 6 62 18 6 NA NA 12 1961 4 4 23 4 5 59 12 4 NA NA 10 1962 3 5 21 3 5 54 14 5 NA NA 8 1963 9 4 22 4 8 58 19 13 NA NA 11 1964 4 4 27 4 8 56 24 9 NA NA 10 1965 3 3 26 3 7 40 27 10 NA NA 12 1966 3 4 32 4 7 36 39 9 NA NA 12 1967 5 6 50 3 9 51 36 13 NA NA 62 1968 4 8 39 4 8 56 31 10 NA NA 14 1969 4 7 44 4 9 47 33 9 NA NA 13 1970 5 7 31 5 10 69 33 15 NA NA 12 1971 7 9 26 5 8 39 42 11 NA NA 9 1972 13 9 26 5 9 32 41 12 NA 4 10 1973 15 8 31 5 9 34 44 13 NA 4 9 1974 13 9 32 4 9 38 35 17 NA 4 6 1975 9 6 22 6 10 27 42 23 NA 4 7 1976 12 7 28 6 10 25 35 22 NA 4 13 1977 16 6 71 9 10 25 24 17 NA 5 9 1978 15 8 108 9 10 26 27 18 NA 5 7 1979 19 7 100 13 15 34 21 28 2 9 7 1980 20 4 108 11 14 32 28 23 2 8 7 1981 12 1 89 15 22 38 26 42 10 18 5 1982 17 8 85 24 32 68 53 85 28 24 14 1983 22 2 76 23 35 104 24 49 15 34 8 1984 21 1 83 18 39 92 35 37 17 29 14 1985 26 3 74 11 30 108 61 44 27 28 14 1986 30 3 85 11 39 110 56 58 12 39 8 1987 17 2 83 12 42 120 70 39 25 31 6 1988 25 3 84 12 29 124 70 26 24 36 9 1989 23 5 92 11 37 122 89 36 17 28 9 1990 20 2 91 17 48 92 89 54 60 33 11 1991 22 13 70 27 55 95 99 72 66 23 13 1992 22 20 64 9 38 100 124 52 80 21 12 1993 21 16 72 8 34 105 110 45 74 30 10 1994 26 15 78 11 35 74 124 30 66 30 10 1995 21 16 73 11 46 76 125 33 57 38 14 1996 27 29 94 18 32 102 143 43 60 34 9 1997 21 15 119 11 30 95 207 41 50 42 12 1998 14 18 148 8 30 64 235 33 33 30 11 1999 11 27 119 7 25 84 261 38 49 26 9 2000 14 28 110 10 34 90 358 42 20 40 10 2001 16 23 112 13 33 62 274 45 14 51 13 2002 19 26 106 12 29 74 254 23 11 54 12 2003 13 27 141 9 39 69 228 15 10 39 6 2004 20 27 158 18 32 63 209 36 12 42 14 2005P 21 39 192 13 28 56 268 25 16 35 21 

P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html for related

information.

Sources: • 1960-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.7 Petroleum Net Imports by Country of Origin, 1960-2005

Total, OPEC, and Non-OPEC By Selected CountryTotal Net Imports as Share of Consumption Net Imports From OPEC138 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. • Because vertical

scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 5.7.

OPEC

NonOPEC

Saudi Arabia

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

2

468

10

12

14

Million Barrels per Day

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

0

1

2

34

Million Barrels per Day Venezuela

Total

Share of

Total Net Imports

Share of

Consumption

2005: 59.8%

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

255075

100

Percent

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

0

255075

100

Percent

1985: 27.3%

1973: 34.8%
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.7 Petroleum Net Imports by Country of Origin, 1960-2005

Year

Persian

Gulf 2

Selected OPEC 1 Countries Selected Non-OPEC Countries

Total

Net

Imports

Tota

Impo

Shar

Consum

Algeria Nigeria

Saudi

Arabia Venezuela

Total

OPEC 3 Canada Mexico

United

Kingdom

U.S. Virgin

Islands and

Puerto Rico

Total

Non-OPEC 3

Thousand Barrels per Day 

1960 NA NA 0 84 910 1,311 86 -2 -12 34 302 1,613 161961 NA NA 0 73 878 1,283 167 27 -10 42 460 1,743 171962 NA NA 0 74 905 1,210 229 35 -6 40 703 1,913 181963 NA NA 0 108 899 1,282 243 29 -7 43 632 1,915 171964 NA NA 0 131 932 1,359 272 23 -9 45 698 2,057 181965 NA NA 15 158 994 1,475 297 21 -11 45 806 2,281 191966 NA NA 11 147 1,018 1,470 352 6 -6 58 904 2,375 191967 NA NA 5 92 937 1,258 400 13 -51 89 972 2,230 171968 NA NA 9 74 886 1,302 468 15 13 143 1,307 2,609 191969 NA NA 49 65 875 1,336 564 10 7 186 1,598 2,933 201970 NA NA 50 30 989 1,343 736 9 -1 270 1,817 3,161 211971 NA NA 102 128 1,019 1,671 831 -14 1 365 2,030 3,701 241972 NA NA 251 189 959 2,061 1,082 -20 -1 428 2,458 4,519 271973 NA NA 459 485 1,134 2,991 1,294 -28 6 426 3,034 6,025 341974 NA NA 713 461 978 3,277 1,038 -27 1 475 2,615 5,892 351975 NA NA 762 714 702 3,599 824 29 7 484 2,248 5,846 351976 NA NA 1,025 1,229 699 5,063 571 53 19 488 2,027 7,090 401977 NA NA 1,143 1,379 689 6,190 446 155 117 560 2,375 8,565 461978 NA NA 919 1,142 644 5,747 359 291 173 436 2,255 8,002 421979 NA NA 1,080 1,354 688 5,633 438 418 196 353 2,352 7,985 431980 NA NA 857 1,259 478 4,293 347 506 169 256 2,071 6,365 371981 1,215 311 620 1,128 403 3,315 358 497 370 169 2,086 5,401 331982 692 170 512 551 409 2,136 397 632 442 154 2,163 4,298 281983 439 240 299 336 420 1,843 471 802 374 178 2,469 4,312 281984 502 323 215 324 544 2,037 547 714 388 184 2,679 4,715 301985 309 187 293 167 602 1,821 696 755 295 114 2,465 4,286 271986 909 271 440 685 788 2,828 721 642 342 152 2,611 5,439 331987 1,074 295 535 751 801 3,055 765 585 346 158 2,859 5,914 351988 1,529 300 618 1,064 790 3,513 916 677 306 117 3,074 6,587 381989 1,858 269 815 1,224 861 4,124 839 678 206 212 3,078 7,202 411990 1,962 280 800 1,339 1,016 4,285 843 666 179 213 2,876 7,161 421991 1,833 253 703 1,796 1,020 4,065 963 707 125 153 2,561 6,626 391992 1,773 196 680 1,720 1,161 4,071 1,005 706 219 180 2,867 6,938 401993 1,774 219 736 1,413 1,296 4,253 1,109 809 340 175 3,365 7,618 441994 1,723 243 637 1,402 1,322 4,233 1,194 860 448 246 3,822 8,054 451995 1,563 234 626 1,343 1,468 3,980 1,260 943 369 170 3,906 7,886 441996 1,596 256 616 1,362 1,667 4,193 1,330 1,101 299 262 4,305 8,498 461997 1,747 285 693 1,407 1,758 4,542 1,444 1,178 214 298 4,616 9,158 491998 2,132 290 693 1,491 1,700 4,880 1,451 1,116 239 305 4,884 9,764 511999 2,459 259 655 1,478 1,480 4,934 1,421 1,063 356 284 4,978 9,912 502000 2,483 225 896 1,571 1,530 5,181 1,697 1,015 356 297 5,238 10,419 522001 2,758 278 884 1,662 1,540 5,510 1,717 1,166 311 268 5,390 10,900 552002 2,265 264 620 1,551 1,387 4,589 1,864 1,292 467 224 5,958 10,546 532003 2,497 381 866 1,774 1,364 5,144 1,932 1,395 434 279 6,094 11,238 562004 R2,489 R452 R1,139 R1,557 R1,548 R5,688 R1,980 R1,456 R366 R321 R6,409 R12,097 R582005P 2,295 477 1,146 1,522 1,491 5,488 1,980 1,378 365 316 6,865 12,353 59

1 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. See Glossary for membership. 2 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. 3 Ecuador withdrew from OPEC on December 31, 1992. Through 1992, Ecuador is included in "Total

OPEC"; beginning in 1993, Ecuador is included in "Total Non-OPEC." Gabon withdrew from OPEC onDecember 31, 1994. Through 1994, Gabon is included in "Total OPEC"; beginning in 1995, Gabon isincluded in "Total Non-OPEC." 4 Calculated by dividing total net petroleum imports by total U.S. petroleum products supplied(consumption). 5 Calculated by dividing net petroleum imports from OPEC countries by total net petroleum imports. 6 Calculated by dividing net petroleum imports from OPEC countries by total U.S. petroleum productsupplied (consumption).

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. 

Notes: • The country of origin for refined petroleum product

crude oil from which the refined products were produced. For refineries in the Caribbean may have been produced from Midimports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in 1977. • Tdue to independent rounding.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum

information.

Sources: • 1960-1975—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Year

Products" chapter. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministDistricts Supply/Demand, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004reports. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006
Figure 5.8 Refinery Input and Output, 1949-2005

Refinery Input Refinery Output of Selected Products140 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Source: Table 5.8.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

04

8

12

16

Million Barrels per Day

1950 1960 1970 1980 

04

8

12

16

Million Barrels per Day

Crude Oil

Mo

Dis

Natural Gas Plant Liquids

 and Other Liquids
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.8 Refinery Input and Output, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Refinery Input 1 Refinery Output 2

Crude

Oil 

Natural Gas

Plant

Liquids

Other

Liquids 3

Total

Input

Asphalt

and

Road Oil

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet

Fuel 4

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Motor

Gasoline 5

Petroleum

Coke

Residual

Fuel Oil

Still

Gas

1949 5,327 234 28 5,588 155 934 4 ( ) 64 2,572 46 1,164 226 1950 5,739 259 19 6,018 179 1,093 4 ( ) 80 2,735 47 1,165 229 1955 7,480 345 32 7,857 251 1,651 155 119 3,648 78 1,152 319 1960 8,067 455 61 8,583 286 1,823 241 212 4,126 164 908 354 1965 9,043 618 88 9,750 357 2,096 523 293 4,507 236 736 395 1970 10,870 763 121 11,754 428 2,454 827 345 5,699 296 706 483 1971 11,199 781 136 12,116 454 2,495 835 357 5,970 299 753 474 1972 11,696 826 168 12,691 446 2,630 847 356 6,281 327 799 507 1973 12,431 815 155 13,401 480 2,820 859 375 6,527 362 971 518 1974 12,133 746 138 13,018 470 2,668 836 338 6,358 339 1,070 521 1975 12,442 710 72 13,225 408 2,653 871 311 6,518 354 1,235 523 1976 13,416 725 59 14,200 391 2,924 918 340 6,838 356 1,377 541 1977 14,602 673 74 15,349 431 3,277 973 352 7,031 369 1,754 572 1978 14,739 639 92 15,470 482 3,167 970 355 7,167 369 1,667 603 1979 14,648 510 78 15,236 467 3,152 1,012 340 6,837 376 1,687 598 1980 13,481 462 81 14,025 393 2,661 999 330 6,492 370 1,580 581 1981 12,470 524 488 13,482 340 2,613 968 315 6,400 390 1,321 565 1982 11,774 515 572 12,861 329 2,606 978 270 6,336 410 1,070 554 1983 11,685 460 505 12,650 372 2,456 1,022 328 6,338 420 852 550 1984 12,044 500 581 13,126 386 2,680 1,132 363 6,453 439 891 559 1985 12,002 509 681 13,192 401 2,686 1,189 391 6,419 455 882 584 1986 12,716 479 711 13,906 410 2,796 1,293 417 6,752 506 889 641 1987 12,854 466 667 13,987 434 2,729 1,343 449 6,841 512 885 643 1988 13,246 511 610 14,367 443 2,857 1,370 499 6,956 544 926 670 1989 13,401 499 613 14,513 424 2,899 1,403 554 6,963 542 954 681 1990 13,409 467 713 14,589 449 2,925 1,488 499 6,959 552 950 673 1991 13,301 472 768 14,541 430 2,962 1,438 536 6,975 568 934 651 1992 13,411 469 745 14,626 419 2,974 1,399 607 7,058 596 892 659 1993 13,613 491 917 15,021 451 3,132 1,422 592 7,304 619 835 653 1994 13,866 465 691 15,023 451 3,205 1,448 611 7,181 622 826 657 1995 13,973 471 775 15,220 467 3,155 1,416 654 7,459 630 788 647 1996 14,195 450 843 15,487 459 3,316 1,515 662 7,565 664 726 654 1997 14,662 416 832 15,909 485 3,392 1,554 691 7,743 689 708 661 1998 14,889 403 853 16,144 498 3,424 1,526 674 7,892 712 762 656 1999 14,804 372 927 16,103 505 3,399 1,565 684 7,934 713 698 656 2000 15,067 380 849 16,295 525 3,580 1,606 705 7,951 727 696 659 2001 15,128 429 825 16,382 485 3,695 1,530 667 8,022 767 721 670 2002 14,947 429 941 16,316 492 3,592 1,514 671 8,183 781 601 667 2003 15,304 419 791 16,513 496 3,707 1,488 658 8,194 798 660 702 2004 R15,475 R422 R866 R16,762 R508 R3,814 1,547 R645 R8,265 836 R655 704 2005P 15,204 434 1,091 16,729 510 3,949 1,538 575 8,257 832 624 684 

1 See "Refinery Input" in Glossary. 2 See "Refinery Output" in Glossary. 3 Through 1980, includes unfinished oils (net), other hydrocarbons, and hydrogen; beginning in 1981,

includes unfinished oils (net), other hydrocarbons, hydrogen, and oxygenates. See Note 2, "Adjustment toTotal Petroleum Products Supplied," at end of section.

4 Through 1951, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which it was blended: in 1952, 71

percent gasoline, 17 percent kerosene, and 12 percent distillate fuel oil. Through 1964, kerosene-type jetfuel is included with kerosene in "Other Products." Beginning in 2005, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in"Other Products." 5 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes aviation gasoline and special naphthas. 6 Kerosene, lubricants, petrochemical feedstocks, waxes, and miscellaneous products. Through 1964,

also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. Beginning in 1964, als

naphthas. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-type jet fue

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per daNote: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.9 Refinery Capacity and Utilization, 1949-2005

Number of Operable Refineries UtilizationCapacity142 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Source: Table 5.9.

324 in 1981

68.6% in 

148 in 2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

100200300400

Total Units

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

20406080

100

Percent

Gross Input to Distillation Units

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

05

101520

Million Barrels per Day (Cumulative)

Capacity

Gross Input to Distillation Units

Unused

Capacity
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.9 Refinery Capacity and Utilization, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Operable Refineries Operable Refineries Capacity 2 Gross Input to Distillation Units 3 

Number 1 Thousand Barrels per Day Thousand Barrels per Day 

1949 336 6,231 5,556 1950 320 6,223 5,980 1955 296 8,386 7,820 1960 309 9,843 8,439 1965 293 10,420 9,557 1970 276 12,021 11,517 1971 272 12,860 11,881 1972 274 13,292 12,431 1973 268 13,642 13,151 1974 273 14,362 12,689 1975 279 14,961 12,902 1976 276 15,237 13,884 1977 282 16,398 14,982 1978 296 17,048 15,071 1979 308 17,441 14,955 1980 319 17,988 13,796 1981 324 18,621 12,752 1982 301 17,890 12,172 1983 258 16,859 11,947 1984 247 16,137 12,216 1985 223 15,659 12,165 1986 216 15,459 12,826 1987 219 15,566 13,003 1988 213 15,915 13,447 1989 204 15,655 13,551 1990 205 15,572 13,610 1991 202 15,676 13,508 1992 199 15,696 13,600 1993 187 15,121 13,851 1994 179 15,034 14,032 1995 175 15,434 14,119 1996 170 15,333 14,337 1997 164 15,452 14,838 1998 163 15,711 15,113 1999 159 16,261 15,080 2000 158 16,512 15,299 2001 155 16,595 15,369 2002 153 16,785 15,180 2003 149 16,757 15,508 2004 149 16,894 R15,783 2005P 148 17,125 15,479 

1 Through 1956, includes only those refineries in operation on January 1; beginning in 1957, includes all

"operable" refineries on January 1. See "Operable Refineries" in Glossary. 2 Capacity on January 1. 3 See Note 4, "Gross Input to Distillation Units," at end of section. 4 Through 1980, utilization is derived by dividing gross input to distillation units by one-half of the currentyear January 1 capacity and the following year January 1 capacity. Percentages were derived fromunrounded numbers. Beginning in 1981, utilization is derived by averaging reported monthly utilization.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/petro.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html.

Sources: Operable Refineries: • 1949-1961—Bureau of Mines Information Circular, "Petroleum

Refineries, Including Cracking Plants in the United States." 

Industry Surveys, Petroleum Refineries, Annual, annual repoAdministration (EIA), Energy Data Reports, Petroleum RefineriePetroleum Supply Annual, annual reports. Gross Input to DisMines, Minerals Yearbook, "Natural Gas Liquids" and "Crude Pe

• 1967-1977—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industry Surveys, Pet

• 1978-1980—EIA, Energy Data Reports, Petroleum Refinerie• 1981-2004—EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual, annual reports. (January-December 2005 issues). Utilization: • 1949-1980—CSupply Annual, annual reports. • 2005—Calculated.
Figure 5.10 Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production

Total, 1949-2005 By Product, 2005By Selected Product, 1949-2005144 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Natural gas plant liquids.2 Liquefied petroleum gases.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 5.10.

LPG2

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Thousand Barrels per Day

NGPL1 646

497

265

Ethane Propane Pentanes 

0

200400600800

Thousand Barrels per Day

Plus 

Is

Norm

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

200400600800

Thousand Barrels per Day Penta
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.10 Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Finished

Petroleum

Products 1

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Pe

P

Ethane 

2 Isobutane

Normal

Butane 3 Propane 2,3 Total

1949 53 8 11 61 74 155 1950 66 12 13 69 101 195 1955 68 34 30 120 205 390 1960 47 51 45 161 291 549 1965 41 92 67 185 390 734 1970 25 201 84 248 561 1,095 1971 25 221 88 249 586 1,144 1972 21 275 92 249 600 1,215 1973 16 296 92 249 587 1,225 1974 7 323 92 244 569 1,227 1975 7 337 90 237 552 1,217 1976 6 365 82 227 521 1,195 1977 5 397 81 223 513 1,214 1978 3 406 75 210 491 1,182 1979 26 400 104 212 500 1,216 1980 23 396 105 210 494 1,205 1981 18 397 117 224 519 1,256 1982 11 426 109 204 519 1,258 1983 12 456 100 217 541 1,314 1984 4 505 99 203 527 1,334 1985 14 493 127 171 521 1,313 1986 4 485 128 157 508 1,277 1987 4 499 141 157 503 1,300 1988 4 501 144 167 506 1,319 1989 5 ( ) 466 149 151 471 1,237 1990 5 ( ) 477 151 149 474 1,250 1991 5 ( ) 530 169 150 487 1,336 1992 5 ( ) 541 189 137 499 1,365 1993 5 ( ) 556 192 142 513 1,402 1994 5 ( ) 559 195 136 510 1,400 1995 5 ( ) 573 185 151 519 1,428 1996 5 ( ) 627 192 150 525 1,494 1997 5 ( ) 637 191 144 528 1,499 1998 5 ( ) 607 181 148 513 1,450 1999 5 ( ) 675 187 155 529 1,547 2000 5 ( ) 717 188 160 539 1,605 2001 5 ( ) 692 198 133 538 1,562 2002 5 ( ) 700 201 131 549 1,581 2003 5 ( ) 625 183 129 506 1,444 2004 5 ( ) R686 168 R152 526 R1,532 2005P 5 ( ) 646 168 133 497 1,444 

1 Motor gasoline, aviation gasoline, special naphthas, distillate fuel oil, and miscellaneous products. 2 Reported production of ethane-propane mixtures has been allocated 70 percent ethane and 30

percent propane.

3 Reported production of butane-propane mixtures has been allocated 60 percent butane and 40

percent propane.

4 Through 1983, "Pentanes Plus" was reported separately as natural gasoline, isopentane, and plant

condensate.

5 Beginning in 1989, data for finished petroleum products production from natural gas processing plants

are not available.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1968—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yea

Products" chapter. • 1969-1975—Bureau of Mines, MineraAnnual, annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information APetroleum Statement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004reports. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 200
Figure 5.11 Petroleum Products Supplied by Type

By Selected Product, 1949-2005By Product, 2005 Motor Gasoline’s Share of Total Petroleum Pro

1949-2005

146 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases.2Aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, naphtha-type jet fuel, pentanes plus, petrochemical

feedstocks, petroleum coke, special naphthas, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, miscellaneousproducts, and crude oil burned as fuel.

Source: 5.11.

Distillate Fuel Oil

Motor Gasoline

Residual Fuel Oil

L

9.1

4.1

2.0

1.6

0.9

0.5

2.3

Motor Distillate LPG1 Jet Residual Asphalt Other2

0

2

468

10

Million Barrels per Day

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 19

0

2

468

10

Million Barrels per Day

Gasoline

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

1020304050

Percent

and

Road Oil

Fuel Oil Fuel Fuel Oil
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.11 Petroleum Products Supplied by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Asphalt and

Road Oil

Aviation

Gasoline

Distillate

Fuel Oil Jet Fuel 1 Kerosene

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 3

Petroleum

Coke

Residual

Fuel Oil O

Propane 2 Total 

1949 157 93 902 1 ( ) 281 NA 187 91 2,410 40 1,359 1950 180 108 1,082 1 ( ) 323 NA 234 106 2,616 41 1,517 1955 254 192 1,592 154 320 NA 404 116 3,463 67 1,526 1960 302 161 1,872 371 271 NA 621 117 3,969 149 1,529 1965 368 120 2,126 602 267 NA 841 129 4,593 202 1,608 1970 447 55 2,540 967 263 776 1,224 136 5,785 212 2,204 1971 458 49 2,661 1,010 249 794 1,251 135 6,014 219 2,296 1972 468 46 2,913 1,045 235 893 1,420 144 6,376 241 2,529 1973 522 45 3,092 1,059 216 872 1,449 162 6,674 261 2,822 1974 481 44 2,948 993 176 830 1,406 155 6,537 239 2,639 1975 419 39 2,851 1,001 159 783 1,333 137 6,675 247 2,462 1976 411 37 3,133 987 169 830 1,404 152 6,978 243 2,801 1977 436 38 3,352 1,039 175 821 1,422 160 7,177 268 3,071 1978 479 39 3,432 1,057 175 778 1,413 172 7,412 256 3,023 1979 476 38 3,311 1,076 188 849 1,592 180 7,034 246 2,826 1980 396 35 2,866 1,068 158 754 1,469 159 6,579 237 2,508 1981 342 31 2,829 1,007 127 773 1,466 153 6,588 252 2,088 1982 342 25 2,671 1,013 129 798 1,499 140 6,539 248 1,716 1983 373 26 2,690 1,046 127 751 1,509 146 6,622 229 1,421 1984 408 24 2,845 1,175 115 833 1,572 156 6,693 247 1,369 1985 425 27 2,868 1,218 114 883 1,599 145 6,831 264 1,202 1986 448 32 2,914 1,307 98 831 1,512 142 7,034 268 1,418 1987 467 25 2,976 1,385 95 924 1,612 161 7,206 299 1,264 1988 468 27 3,122 1,449 96 923 1,656 155 7,336 312 1,378 1989 453 26 3,157 1,489 84 990 1,668 159 7,328 307 1,370 1990 483 24 3,021 1,522 43 917 1,556 164 7,235 339 1,229 1991 444 23 2,921 1,471 46 982 1,689 146 7,188 328 1,158 1992 454 22 2,979 1,454 41 1,032 1,755 149 7,268 382 1,094 1993 474 21 3,041 1,469 50 1,006 1,734 152 7,476 366 1,080 1994 484 21 3,162 1,527 49 1,082 1,880 159 7,601 361 1,021 1995 486 21 3,207 1,514 54 1,096 1,899 156 7,789 365 852 1996 484 20 3,365 1,578 62 1,136 2,012 151 7,891 379 848 1997 505 22 3,435 1,599 66 1,170 2,038 160 8,017 377 797 1998 521 19 3,461 1,622 78 1,120 1,952 168 8,253 447 887 1999 547 21 3,572 1,673 73 1,246 2,195 169 8,431 477 830 2000 525 20 3,722 1,725 67 1,235 2,231 166 8,472 406 909 2001 519 19 3,847 1,655 72 1,142 2,044 153 8,610 437 811 2002 512 18 3,776 1,614 43 1,248 2,163 151 8,848 463 700 2003 503 16 3,927 1,578 55 1,215 2,074 140 8,935 455 772 2004 R537 17 R4,058 R1,630 64 R1,276 R2,132 R141 R9,105 R524 R865 R2005P 542 19 4,110 1,627 69 1,220 2,019 138 9,125 511 913 

1 Through 1951, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which it was blended: in 1952, 71

percent gasoline, 17 percent kerosene, and 12 percent distillate fuel oil. Beginning in 1952, includesnaphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 1957, also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. Beginning in 2005,naphtha-type jet fuel is included in "Other." 

2 Includes propylene. 3 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, also

includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 4 Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, and miscellaneous products. Beginning in 1964, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1981, also includes negative barrels perday of distillate and residual fuel oil reclassified as unfinished oils, and other products (from both primaryand secondary supply) reclassified as gasoline blending components. Beginning in 1983, also includescrude oil burned as fuel. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-type jet fuel.

5 Percent change from previous year calculated from data in thousand barrels per year.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. — = Not applNotes: • Petroleum product supplied is an approximation of 

with the term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1 and Tab"Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," Products Supplied," and Note 3, "Changes Affecting PetroStatistics," at end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of com

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.12 Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied

Petroleum Products Supplied as Share Total Petroleum and Motor Gasoline Product Sof Total Energy Consumption, 1949-2005 1949-2005By Product, 2005 By Selected Product, 1949-2005148 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases.2 Aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, naphtha-type jet fuel, pentanes plus, petrochemical

feedstocks, petroleum coke, special naphthas, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, miscellaneousproducts, and crude burned as fuel.

Sources: Tables 1.3 and 5.12.

40%

 in 2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

204060

Percent

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

1020304050

Quadrillion Btu

Peak

48% in 1977

46% in 1973

Moto

Motor Gasoline

Di

Total Petroleum

Fuel Oil

37% in 1949

1950 1960 1970 1980 

05

101520

Quadrillion Btu

17.4

8.7

3.4

2.7 2.1

1.3

4.9

Motor Distillate Jet LPG1 Residual Asphalt Other2

05

101520

Quadrillion Btu

Gasoline Fuel Fuel Oil and

Road Oil
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.12 Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Asphalt and

Road Oil

Aviation

Gasoline

Distillate

Fuel Oil Jet Fuel 1 Kerosene

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 3

Petroleum

Coke

Residual

Fuel Oil 

Propane 

2 Total

1949 380 172 1,918 1 ( ) 582 NA 274 201 4,621 87 3,118 1950 435 199 2,300 1 ( ) 668 NA 343 236 5,015 90 3,482 1955 615 354 3,385 301 662 NA 592 258 6,640 147 3,502 1960 734 298 3,992 739 563 NA 912 259 7,631 328 3,517 1965 890 222 4,519 1,215 553 NA 1,232 286 8,806 444 3,691 1970 1,082 100 5,401 1,973 544 1,086 1,689 301 11,091 465 5,057 1971 1,108 90 5,658 2,061 515 1,111 1,723 299 11,532 481 5,269 1972 1,137 85 6,210 2,141 487 1,254 1,955 320 12,259 532 5,820 1973 1,264 83 6,575 2,167 447 1,221 1,981 359 12,797 573 6,477 1974 1,165 82 6,267 2,030 365 1,163 1,914 344 12,535 524 6,056 1975 1,014 71 6,061 2,047 329 1,097 1,807 304 12,798 542 5,649 1976 998 67 6,679 2,026 351 1,166 1,907 338 13,415 537 6,445 1977 1,056 70 7,126 2,126 363 1,150 1,908 354 13,760 589 7,047 1978 1,160 71 7,296 2,164 363 1,089 1,892 380 14,211 562 6,936 1979 1,153 70 7,039 2,204 389 1,189 2,138 397 13,487 541 6,485 1980 962 64 6,110 2,190 329 1,059 1,976 354 12,648 522 5,772 1981 828 56 6,014 2,062 263 1,082 1,949 339 12,631 553 4,791 1982 829 47 5,679 2,072 266 1,117 1,978 309 12,538 545 3,939 1983 904 48 5,720 2,141 263 1,051 1,990 324 12,697 503 3,260 1984 992 44 6,065 2,414 239 1,170 2,071 346 12,867 545 3,151 1985 1,029 50 6,098 2,497 236 1,236 2,103 322 13,098 582 2,759 1986 1,086 59 6,196 2,682 203 1,163 2,009 315 13,487 590 3,255 1987 1,130 46 6,328 2,843 196 1,294 2,153 356 13,816 657 2,901 1988 1,136 49 6,655 2,982 200 1,296 2,213 343 14,105 687 3,170 1989 1,096 48 6,712 3,059 174 1,387 2,243 352 14,050 676 3,144 1990 1,170 45 6,422 3,129 88 1,284 2,059 362 13,872 745 2,820 1991 1,077 42 6,210 3,025 96 1,374 2,227 324 13,781 722 2,657 1992 1,102 41 6,351 3,001 86 1,449 2,328 330 13,973 843 2,518 1993 1,149 38 6,466 3,028 103 1,409 2,282 337 14,335 804 2,479 1994 1,173 38 6,723 3,154 101 1,515 2,494 352 14,511 793 2,342 1995 1,178 40 6,818 3,132 112 1,534 2,512 346 14,825 802 1,955 1996 1,176 37 7,175 3,274 128 1,594 2,660 335 15,064 837 1,952 1997 1,224 40 7,304 3,308 136 1,638 2,690 354 15,254 829 1,828 1998 1,263 35 7,359 3,357 162 1,568 2,575 371 15,701 982 2,036 1999 1,324 39 7,595 3,462 151 1,745 2,897 375 16,036 1,048 1,905 2000 1,276 36 7,935 3,580 140 1,734 2,945 369 16,155 895 2,091 2001 1,257 35 8,179 3,426 150 1,598 2,697 338 16,373 961 1,861 2002 1,240 34 8,028 3,340 90 1,747 2,852 334 16,819 1,018 1,605 2003 1,220 30 8,349 3,265 113 1,701 2,747 309 16,981 1,000 1,772 2004 R1,304 31 R8,652 R3,383 133 R1,791 R2,824 R313 R17,379 R1,156 R1,990 2005P 1,312 35 8,739 3,366 143 1,708 2,668 305 17,380 1,124 2,096 

1 Through 1951, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which it was blended: in 1952, 71

percent gasoline, 17 percent kerosene, and 12 percent distillate fuel oil. Beginning in 1952, includesnaphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 1957, also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. Beginning in 2005,naphtha-type jet fuel is included in "Other." 

2 Includes propylene. 3 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, also

includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 4 Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, and miscellaneous products. Beginning in 1964, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1981, also includes negative barrels perday of distillate and residual fuel oil reclassified as unfinished oils, and other products (from both primaryand secondary supply) reclassified as gasoline blending components. Beginning in 1983, also includes

crude oil burned as fuel. Beginning in 2005, also includes napht

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. — = Not applNotes: • Petroleum product supplied is an approximation of 

with the term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1 and Tab"Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," Products Supplied," and Note 3, "Changes Affecting PetroStatistics," at end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of com

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: Tables 5.11, A1, and A3.
Figure 5.13a Estimated Petroleum Consumption by Sector

By Sector, 1949-2005By Sector, 2005 Sectors Shares, 1949 and 2005150 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of electricity-only plants.2 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants whose primary business is to sell

electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.

Note: See related Figure 5.13b.Sources: Tables 5.13a–5.13d.

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

05

1015

Million Barrels per DayTransportation

Residential and Commercial1

Industrial1

0.9 0.4

5.0

13.8

0.5

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 Transportation Electric

05

1015

Million Barrels per Day

4 2

24

10

6

28

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 

0

255075

Percent

1949 2005

Power2 
Figure 5.13b Estimated Petroleum Consumption by Product by Sector, 1949-2005

Residential and Commercial1 Sectors, Selected Products Industrial1 Sector, Selected ProductsTransportation Sector, Selected Products Electric Power Sector3

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

1 Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of electricity-only plants.2 Liquefied petroleum gases.3 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.

Notes: • See related Figure 5.13a. • Because vertica

compared.

Sources: Tables 5.13a–5.13d.

Distillate Fuel Oil

Residual Fuel Oil

LPG2

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0.00.51.01.5

Million Barrels per Day

Kerosene

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 198

0.00.51.01.52.0

Million Barrels per Day

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0369

12

Million Barrels per Day Motor Gasoline

Distillate Fuel Oil

Jet Fuel

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 

0.00.51.01.52.0

Million Barrels per Day

Petroleum
152 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 5.13a Estimated Petroleum Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors, Selected 

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Residential Sector Commercial Sector

Distillate

Fuel Oil Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases Total

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Motor

Gasoline 3

Petroleum

Coke

R

CHP 

1 Other 2 Total CHP 1 

1949 329 140 90 559 4 ( ) 104 104 19 16 48 NA 4 ( ) 1950 390 168 112 670 4 ( ) 123 123 23 20 52 NA 4 ( ) 1955 562 179 155 896 4 ( ) 177 177 24 27 69 NA 4 ( ) 1960 736 171 234 1,140 4 ( ) 232 232 23 41 35 NA 4 ( ) 1965 805 161 296 1,263 4 ( ) 251 251 26 52 40 NA 4 ( ) 1970 883 144 420 1,447 4 ( ) 276 276 30 74 45 NA 4 ( ) 1971 892 143 425 1,460 4 ( ) 280 280 27 75 44 NA 4 ( ) 1972 936 131 456 1,523 4 ( ) 296 296 27 81 45 NA 4 ( ) 1973 942 110 435 1,487 4 ( ) 303 303 31 77 45 NA 4 ( ) 1974 867 89 401 1,357 4 ( ) 280 280 26 71 43 NA 4 ( ) 1975 850 78 389 1,316 4 ( ) 276 276 24 69 46 NA 4 ( ) 1976 932 89 404 1,425 4 ( ) 308 308 21 71 50 NA 4 ( ) 1977 938 81 397 1,416 4 ( ) 318 318 25 70 52 NA 4 ( ) 1978 917 74 386 1,377 4 ( ) 313 313 26 68 56 NA 4 ( ) 1979 765 64 264 1,093 4 ( ) 274 274 38 47 54 NA 4 ( ) 1980 617 51 242 911 4 ( ) 243 243 20 43 56 NA 4 ( ) 1981 540 41 234 815 4 ( ) 215 215 34 41 48 NA 4 ( ) 1982 494 46 224 764 4 ( ) 207 207 15 40 46 NA 4 ( ) 1983 435 41 267 743 4 ( ) 306 306 54 47 53 NA 4 ( ) 1984 512 42 220 774 4 ( ) 345 345 45 39 56 NA 4 ( ) 1985 514 77 249 839 4 ( ) 297 297 16 44 50 NA 4 ( ) 1986 523 59 243 825 4 ( ) 293 293 24 43 55 NA 4 ( ) 1987 544 57 269 870 4 ( ) 286 286 24 48 58 NA 4 ( ) 1988 558 69 267 894 4 ( ) 281 281 13 47 57 NA 4 ( ) 1989 546 57 299 901 3 267 270 13 53 53 0 2 1990 460 31 276 767 3 249 252 6 49 58 0 3 1991 438 35 295 768 2 241 243 6 52 44 0 2 1992 460 31 288 779 1 236 238 5 51 41 (s) 2 1993 458 37 303 797 2 230 232 7 53 15 (s) 2 1994 451 31 298 781 3 233 236 9 53 13 (s) 2 1995 426 36 306 767 2 223 225 11 54 10 (s) 1 1996 434 43 358 835 2 225 227 10 63 14 (s) 1 1997 411 45 349 805 3 206 209 12 62 22 (s) 1 1998 363 52 329 744 2 199 202 15 58 20 (s) 3 1999 389 54 404 847 2 204 206 13 71 15 (s) 2 2000 424 46 427 897 2 228 230 14 75 23 (s) 2 2001 427 46 406 879 3 236 239 15 72 20 (s) 2 2002 404 29 412 845 2 207 209 8 73 24 (s) 1 2003 425 P37 P395 P857 2 225 226 P10 P70 P24 (s) 2 2004 R433 P43 RP406 RP882 R3 R218 R221 P11 P72 P24 (s) 2 2005 P439 P46 P384 P869 P2 P221 P223 P12 P68 P24 P (s) P1 

1 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of commercial electricity-only

plants. See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 8.

2 All commercial sector fuel use other than that in "CHP." 3 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, also

includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 4 Included in "Other."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day. Notes: • For total petroleum consumption by all sectors, see petroleum product supplied data in Table

5.11. Petroleum product supplied is an approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with

the term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1 and Tables 5.13a

Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," at end of scomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/state

Sources: CHP and Petroleum Coke: Table 8.7c. All Oth

Mineral Industry Surveys, Petroleum Statement, Annual, aAdministration (EIA) estimates. • 1960-2002—EIA, "State EneU.S. Tables 8 and 9. • 2003-2005—EIA estimates.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.13b Estimated Petroleum Consumption: Industrial Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Industrial Sector

Asphalt

and

Road Oil

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 3

Petroleum Coke Residual Fue

CHP 

1 Other 2 Total CHP 1 Other 2 Total CHP 1 Other 2 

1949 157 5 ( ) 265 265 123 80 36 121 5 ( ) 40 40 5 ( ) 534 1950 180 5 ( ) 328 328 132 100 43 131 5 ( ) 41 41 5 ( ) 617 1955 254 5 ( ) 466 466 116 212 47 173 5 ( ) 67 67 5 ( ) 686 1960 302 5 ( ) 476 476 78 333 48 198 5 ( ) 149 149 5 ( ) 689 1965 368 5 ( ) 541 541 80 470 62 179 5 ( ) 202 202 5 ( ) 689 1970 447 5 ( ) 577 577 89 699 70 150 5 ( ) 203 203 5 ( ) 708 1971 458 5 ( ) 596 596 80 715 69 143 5 ( ) 211 211 5 ( ) 705 1972 468 5 ( ) 648 648 77 846 73 132 5 ( ) 233 233 5 ( ) 765 1973 522 5 ( ) 691 691 75 902 88 133 5 ( ) 254 254 5 ( ) 809 1974 481 5 ( ) 633 633 61 901 85 123 5 ( ) 230 230 5 ( ) 753 1975 419 5 ( ) 630 630 58 844 68 116 5 ( ) 246 246 5 ( ) 658 1976 411 5 ( ) 717 717 59 895 75 110 5 ( ) 242 242 5 ( ) 792 1977 436 5 ( ) 809 809 69 918 82 102 5 ( ) 266 266 5 ( ) 844 1978 479 5 ( ) 823 823 75 921 88 93 5 ( ) 250 250 5 ( ) 748 1979 476 5 ( ) 830 830 86 1,266 92 84 5 ( ) 243 243 5 ( ) 721 1980 396 5 ( ) 621 621 87 1,172 82 82 5 ( ) 234 234 5 ( ) 586 1981 342 5 ( ) 653 653 52 1,166 79 83 5 ( ) 250 250 5 ( ) 471 1982 342 5 ( ) 617 617 68 1,211 72 72 5 ( ) 246 246 5 ( ) 456 1983 373 5 ( ) 537 537 32 1,166 75 59 5 ( ) 225 225 5 ( ) 345 1984 408 5 ( ) 564 564 28 1,283 80 83 5 ( ) 244 244 5 ( ) 386 1985 425 5 ( ) 526 526 21 1,285 75 114 5 ( ) 261 261 5 ( ) 326 1986 448 5 ( ) 546 546 16 1,207 73 108 5 ( ) 264 264 5 ( ) 321 1987 467 5 ( ) 537 537 14 1,279 83 107 5 ( ) 294 294 5 ( ) 253 1988 468 5 ( ) 530 530 14 1,326 80 100 5 ( ) 306 306 5 ( ) 237 1989 453 5 531 536 14 1,300 82 104 5 295 300 58 121 1990 483 7 534 541 6 1,215 84 97 25 300 325 64 115 1991 444 12 495 507 5 1,326 75 101 22 293 315 55 91 1992 454 10 509 519 5 1,402 77 101 26 336 362 59 109 1993 474 10 515 525 6 1,363 78 94 22 308 330 65 129 1994 484 10 513 522 8 1,505 82 101 25 304 329 69 113 1995 486 6 526 532 7 1,527 80 105 26 302 328 60 87 1996 484 8 549 557 9 1,580 78 105 27 317 343 66 80 1997 505 8 558 566 9 1,617 82 111 37 294 331 56 71 1998 521 16 554 570 11 1,553 86 105 29 362 390 60 40 1999 547 16 542 558 6 1,709 87 80 31 395 426 52 38 2000 525 10 553 563 8 1,720 86 79 19 342 361 48 57 2001 519 9 602 611 11 1,557 79 155 15 375 390 46 42 2002 512 6 561 566 7 1,668 78 163 21 362 383 37 46 2003 503 10 525 534 P8 P1,600 P72 P164 17 358 375 38 58 2004 R537 R9 R561 R570 P10 RP1,645 RP73 RP167 R18 R405 R423 R46 R62 2005 P542 P5 P572 P577 P11 P1,557 P71 P168 P14 P391 P405 P37 P82 

1 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of industrial electricity-only plants. 

See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 8.

2 All industrial sector fuel use other than that in "CHP." 3 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, also

includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 4 Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, and miscellaneous products. Beginning in 1964, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1983, also includes crude oil burned asfuel. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-type jet fuel. 5 Included in "Other."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • For total petroleum consumption by all sectors, see petroleum product supplied data in Table

5.11. Petroleum product supplied is an approximation of petrol

the term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1 and Tables 5.13aProducts Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," at end of scomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/state

Sources: CHP: Table 8.7c. All Other Data: • 1949-1959—

Petroleum Statement, Annual, annual reports, and Energy In• 1960-2002—EIA, "State Energy Data 2002: Consu• 2003-2005—EIA estimates.
154 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 5.13c Estimated Petroleum Consumption: Transportation Sector, Selected Years, 1949-20

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Transportation Sector

Aviation

Gasoline

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet Fuel

Liquefied

Petroleum Gases Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 2

Kerosene Type Total 

1

1949 93 190 0 1 ( ) 1 54 2,241 1950 108 226 0 1 ( ) 2 64 2,433 1955 192 372 0 154 9 70 3,221 1960 161 418 91 371 13 68 3,736 1965 120 514 334 602 23 67 4,374 1970 55 738 718 967 32 66 5,589 1971 49 800 751 1,010 37 67 5,827 1972 46 910 779 1,021 38 71 6,199 1973 45 1,045 825 1,042 35 74 6,496 1974 44 1,036 757 979 33 71 6,372 1975 39 998 782 992 31 70 6,512 1976 37 1,073 777 976 33 77 6,817 1977 38 1,171 814 1,022 36 78 7,022 1978 39 1,260 845 1,044 38 83 7,264 1979 38 1,366 867 1,067 16 87 6,896 1980 35 1,311 845 1,062 13 77 6,441 1981 31 1,365 808 1,005 24 74 6,456 1982 25 1,312 803 1,011 24 68 6,421 1983 26 1,367 839 1,046 29 71 6,510 1984 24 1,383 953 1,175 30 76 6,554 1985 27 1,491 1,005 1,218 21 71 6,667 1986 32 1,514 1,105 1,307 19 69 6,871 1987 25 1,568 1,181 1,385 15 78 7,041 1988 27 1,701 1,236 1,449 17 75 7,179 1989 26 1,734 1,284 1,489 16 77 7,171 1990 24 1,722 1,340 1,522 16 80 7,080 1991 23 1,694 1,296 1,471 15 71 7,042 1992 22 1,728 1,310 1,454 14 72 7,125 1993 21 1,785 1,357 1,469 14 74 7,367 1994 21 1,896 1,480 1,527 24 77 7,487 1995 21 1,973 1,497 1,514 13 76 7,674 1996 20 2,096 1,575 1,578 11 73 7,772 1997 22 2,198 1,598 1,599 10 78 7,883 1998 19 2,263 1,623 1,622 13 81 8,128 1999 21 2,352 1,675 1,673 10 82 8,336 2000 20 2,422 1,725 1,725 8 81 8,370 2001 19 2,489 1,656 1,655 10 74 8,435 2002 18 2,536 1,621 1,614 10 73 8,662 2003 16 2,665 1,578 1,578 P10 P68 P8,747 2004 17 R2,783 R1,630 R1,630 P10 RP69 RP8,914 2005 P19 P2,817 P1,627 P1,627 P10 P67 P8,933 

1 Through 1951, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which jet fuel was blended: in

1952, 71 percent gasoline, 17 percent kerosene, and 12 percent distillate fuel oil. Beginning in 1952,includes naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 1957, also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. Beginning in 2005,includes kerosene-type jet fuel only. 2 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, alsoincludes ethanol blended into motor gasoline.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • For total petroleum consumption by all sectors, see petroleum product supplied data in Table

5.11. Petroleum product supplied is an approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with

the term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1 and Tables 5.13a

Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," at end of scomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/state

Sources: • 1949-1959—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports, and Energy Information Administration (EIA) estData 2002: Consumption" (July 2005), U.S. Table 11. • 2003-20
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.13d Petroleum Consumption: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Electric Power Sector 1

Electricity Only Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 

Distillate

Fuel Oil 2

Petroleum

Coke

Residual

Fuel Oil 3 Total

Distillate

Fuel Oil 2

Petroleum

Coke

Residual

Fuel Oil 3 Total

Distillate

Fuel Oil 2

Petrole

Coke

1949 13 NA 169 182 NA NA NA NA 13 NA 1950 15 NA 192 207 NA NA NA NA 15 NA 1955 15 NA 191 206 NA NA NA NA 15 NA 1960 10 NA 231 241 NA NA NA NA 10 NA 1965 14 NA 302 316 NA NA NA NA 14 NA 1970 66 9 853 928 NA NA NA NA 66 1971 94 8 992 1,095 NA NA NA NA 94 1972 146 9 1,203 1,358 NA NA NA NA 146 1973 129 7 1,406 1,542 NA NA NA NA 129 1974 146 9 1,324 1,478 NA NA NA NA 146 1975 107 1 1,280 1,388 NA NA NA NA 107 1976 114 1 1,405 1,520 NA NA NA NA 114 1977 134 1 1,575 1,710 NA NA NA NA 134 1978 130 5 1,612 1,747 NA NA NA NA 130 1979 84 4 1,350 1,437 NA NA NA NA 84 4 1980 79 2 1,069 1,151 NA NA NA NA 79 2 1981 58 2 904 964 NA NA NA NA 58 2 1982 42 2 642 686 NA NA NA NA 42 2 1983 45 4 627 676 NA NA NA NA 45 4 1984 42 3 517 562 NA NA NA NA 42 1985 40 3 435 478 NA NA NA NA 40 1986 39 4 592 636 NA NA NA NA 39 4 1987 42 5 504 551 NA NA NA NA 42 1988 51 6 627 683 NA NA NA NA 51 19894 70 7 663 740 2 0 6 8 72 1990 41 14 497 551 4 0 10 15 45 14 1991 38 13 469 520 1 0 4 5 39 11992 33 18 371 422 2 2 8 12 34 21993 37 21 409 467 4 15 9 27 41 31994 46 16 369 431 11 15 10 36 56 31995 44 15 237 296 7 22 9 38 51 31996 47 14 263 325 4 22 10 36 51 31997 48 23 301 373 4 23 10 37 52 41998 61 30 448 539 3 26 8 37 64 51999 63 26 409 497 3 25 9 38 66 52000 77 20 370 466 6 25 8 39 82 42001 76 25 430 531 4 22 7 33 80 42002 59 54 281 394 1 26 6 33 60 82003 71 66 373 510 5 14 6 24 76 72004 R49 R83 R376 R509 R3 R17 6 R26 R52 R102005P 52 90 377 519 3 17 6 26 55 10

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Electric utility CHP plants are included in "Electricity Only."

2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1949-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal combustion plant use of

petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1949-1979, data are for steam plant use of petroleum. For 1980-2000,

electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4.

4 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and

independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. 

Notes: • For total petroleum consumption by all sectors, se

5.11. Petroleum product supplied is an approximation of petrolthe term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1, and Tables 5.13for the amount of petroleum used to produce electricity and Taused to produce useful thermal output. • See Note 1, "PetConsumption," at end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of 

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: Tables 8.5b, 8.5c, 8.6b, and 8.7b.
Figure 5.14 Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption by Product by Sector, 1949-2005

Residential and Commercial1 Sectors, Selected Products Industrial1 Sector, Selected Products

Transportation Sector, Selected Products Electric Power Sector3

156 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of electricity-only plants.2 Liquefied petroleum gases.3 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants whose primary business is to sell

electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 5.14a–5.14c.

Petroleum

Distillate Fuel Oil

Residual Fuel Oil LPG2

Kerosene

Distillate Fuel Oil

Asphalt and

Road Oil

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0.00.51.01.52.02.5

Quadrillion Btu

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.0

Quadrillion Btu

Motor Gasoline

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

1

2

345

Quadrillion Btu

Jet Fuel

Distillate Fuel Oil

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

101520

Quadrillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.14a Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors, Sele

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Residential Sector Commercial Sector

Distillate

Fuel Oil Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases Total

Distillate

Fuel Oil Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Motor

Gasoline 1

Petroleum

Coke

1949 700 289 132 1,121 221 39 23 92 NA 1950 829 347 164 1,340 262 47 29 100 NA 1955 1,194 371 227 1,792 377 51 40 133 NA 1960 1,568 354 343 2,265 494 48 61 67 NA 1965 1,713 334 434 2,481 534 54 77 77 NA 1970 1,878 298 579 2,755 587 61 102 86 NA 1971 1,897 295 585 2,777 595 55 103 84 NA 1972 1,996 271 628 2,895 632 55 111 87 NA 1973 2,003 227 595 2,825 644 65 105 87 NA 1974 1,844 184 546 2,573 596 55 96 83 NA 1975 1,807 161 528 2,495 587 49 93 89 NA 1976 1,987 184 549 2,720 656 44 97 97 NA 1977 1,994 167 533 2,695 676 52 94 101 NA 1978 1,951 153 516 2,620 666 55 91 107 NA 1979 1,626 133 355 2,114 584 78 63 104 NA 1980 1,316 107 325 1,748 518 41 57 107 NA 1981 1,147 85 311 1,543 457 69 55 92 NA 1982 1,050 95 296 1,441 440 30 52 88 NA 1983 924 85 352 1,362 651 111 62 102 NA 1984 1,091 88 290 1,468 735 93 51 107 NA 1985 1,092 159 327 1,578 631 33 58 96 NA 1986 1,111 121 323 1,556 623 50 57 106 NA 1987 1,156 119 360 1,634 607 49 63 111 NA 1988 1,190 144 356 1,690 600 26 63 110 NA 1989 1,160 117 402 1,679 574 28 71 102 0 1990 978 64 365 1,407 536 12 64 111 0 1991 930 72 389 1,392 517 12 69 85 0 1992 980 65 382 1,427 507 11 68 80 (s) 1993 974 76 399 1,448 493 14 70 30 (s) 1994 960 65 395 1,420 501 19 70 25 (s) 1995 905 74 404 1,383 479 22 71 18 (s) 1996 926 89 473 1,488 483 21 84 27 (s) 1997 874 93 461 1,428 444 25 81 43 (s) 1998 772 108 434 1,314 429 31 77 39 (s) 1999 828 111 534 1,473 438 27 94 28 (s) 2000 905 95 564 1,563 491 30 99 45 (s) 2001 908 95 535 1,539 508 31 94 37 (s) 2002 860 60 543 1,462 444 16 96 45 (s) 2003 905 P76 P523 P1,503 481 P20 P92 P46 (s) 2004 R924 P89 RP537 RP1,550 R470 P24 P95 RP47 (s) 2005 P933 P95 P508 P1,536 P475 P25 P90 P47 P (s) 

1 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, also

includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Notes: • Data are estimates. • For total heat content of petroleum consumption by all sectors, see data

for heat content of petroleum products supplied in Table 5.12. Petroleum product supplied is anapproximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption" in

Section 1 and Tables 5.13a-d and 5.14a-c. • Totals may not eq

rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/sed

Sources: Tables 5.13a, A1, and A3.
158 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 5.14b Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Industrial Sector, Selected Years, 1949-20

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Industrial Sector

Asphalt

and

Road Oil

Distillate

Fuel Oil Kerosene

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 1 Petroleum Coke

Residual

Fuel Oil

1949 380 564 254 117 80 231 87 1,225 1950 435 698 274 147 94 251 90 1,416 1955 615 991 241 310 103 332 147 1,573 1960 734 1,016 161 489 107 381 328 1,584 1965 890 1,150 165 688 137 342 444 1,582 1970 1,082 1,226 185 964 155 288 446 1,624 1971 1,108 1,266 165 984 152 275 463 1,618 1972 1,137 1,381 160 1,164 163 254 513 1,761 1973 1,264 1,469 156 1,233 195 255 558 1,858 1974 1,165 1,346 126 1,227 187 235 506 1,728 1975 1,014 1,339 119 1,144 149 223 540 1,509 1976 998 1,530 123 1,216 166 211 535 1,822 1977 1,056 1,719 143 1,232 182 196 586 1,937 1978 1,160 1,750 156 1,233 195 178 550 1,716 1979 1,153 1,764 177 1,700 204 162 533 1,655 1980 962 1,324 181 1,577 182 158 516 1,349 1981 828 1,389 108 1,551 175 160 549 1,081 1982 829 1,313 141 1,598 159 138 541 1,047 1983 904 1,142 66 1,537 167 112 495 791 1984 992 1,203 58 1,691 178 160 538 889 1985 1,029 1,119 44 1,690 166 218 575 748 1986 1,086 1,160 32 1,603 162 206 581 736 1987 1,130 1,141 28 1,709 183 206 646 582 1988 1,136 1,130 30 1,772 177 193 675 546 1989 1,096 1,139 30 1,748 181 199 660 410 1990 1,170 1,150 12 1,608 186 185 714 411 1991 1,077 1,078 11 1,749 167 193 693 334 1992 1,102 1,107 10 1,860 170 194 798 387 1993 1,149 1,117 13 1,794 173 180 725 446 1994 1,173 1,111 17 1,997 181 192 723 419 1995 1,178 1,131 15 2,019 178 200 721 337 1996 1,176 1,187 18 2,089 173 200 757 335 1997 1,224 1,203 19 2,134 182 212 727 291 1998 1,263 1,211 22 2,048 191 199 858 230 1999 1,324 1,187 13 2,256 193 152 936 207 2000 1,276 1,200 16 2,271 190 150 796 241 2001 1,257 1,300 23 2,054 174 295 858 203 2002 1,240 1,204 14 2,200 172 309 842 190 2003 1,220 1,136 P17 P2,119 P159 P312 825 220 2004 R1,304 R1,214 RP21 RP2,178 RP161 RP319 R934 R249 2005 P1,312 P1,226 P22 P2,058 P157 P319 P891 P272 

1 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, also

includes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 2 Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, and miscellaneous products. Beginning in 1964, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1983, also includes crude oil burned asfuel.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Data are estimates. • For total heat content of petroleum consumption by all sectors, see data

for heat content of petroleum products supplied in Table 5

approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous Section 1 and Tables 5.13a-d and 5.14a-c. • Totals may not eqrounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/sed

Sources: Tables 5.13b, A1, and A3.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.14c Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Transportation and Electric Power Sector

 Selected Years, 1949-2005 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Transportation Sector E

Aviation

Gasoline

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet Fuel Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases Lubricants

Motor

Gasoline 3

Residual

Fuel Oil Total

Distillate

Fuel Oil 4

Pe

Kerosene Type Total 

2

1949 172 405 0 0 2 120 4,298 1,156 6,152 28 1950 199 480 0 0 3 141 4,664 1,201 6,690 32 1955 354 791 0 301 14 155 6,175 1,009 8,800 32 1960 298 892 188 739 20 152 7,183 844 10,126 22 1965 222 1,093 691 1,215 33 149 8,386 770 11,868 29 1970 100 1,569 1,486 1,973 44 147 10,716 761 15,310 141 1971 90 1,701 1,554 2,061 50 147 11,173 701 15,923 200 1972 85 1,941 1,617 2,091 52 158 11,918 645 16,891 310 1973 83 2,222 1,707 2,131 48 163 12,455 727 17,831 273 1974 82 2,202 1,566 2,001 44 156 12,217 697 17,399 309 1975 71 2,121 1,619 2,029 42 155 12,485 711 17,614 226 1976 67 2,288 1,613 2,002 45 172 13,107 824 18,506 243 1977 70 2,489 1,684 2,090 48 172 13,464 908 19,241 283 1978 71 2,679 1,750 2,138 52 184 13,927 990 20,041 276 1979 70 2,905 1,795 2,186 21 193 13,221 1,228 19,825 178 1980 64 2,795 1,754 2,179 17 172 12,383 1,398 19,008 169 1981 56 2,901 1,671 2,058 32 165 12,379 1,219 18,811 124 1982 47 2,790 1,661 2,069 32 150 12,312 1,020 18,420 89 1983 48 2,905 1,736 2,141 38 157 12,482 821 18,593 96 1984 44 2,948 1,977 2,414 40 168 12,600 807 19,020 88 1985 50 3,170 2,079 2,497 28 156 12,784 786 19,471 85 1986 59 3,218 2,287 2,682 26 153 13,174 870 20,182 83 1987 46 3,335 2,444 2,843 21 173 13,499 901 20,816 90 1988 49 3,626 2,565 2,982 22 167 13,802 919 21,567 109 1989 48 3,687 2,658 3,059 22 171 13,749 971 21,706 152 1990 45 3,661 2,774 3,129 22 176 13,575 1,016 21,625 97 1991 42 3,601 2,681 3,025 20 157 13,503 1,026 21,373 84 1992 41 3,684 2,718 3,001 18 161 13,699 1,070 21,674 74 1993 38 3,796 2,809 3,028 19 163 14,126 901 22,072 86 1994 38 4,032 3,063 3,154 32 171 14,293 883 22,603 120 1995 40 4,195 3,099 3,132 17 168 14,607 911 23,069 108 1996 37 4,469 3,268 3,274 15 163 14,837 851 23,647 109 1997 40 4,672 3,307 3,308 13 172 14,999 712 23,917 111 1998 35 4,812 3,359 3,357 17 180 15,463 674 24,537 136 1999 39 5,001 3,466 3,462 13 182 15,855 665 25,218 140 2000 36 5,165 3,580 3,580 11 179 15,960 888 25,820 175 2001 35 5,292 3,427 3,426 13 164 16,041 586 25,556 171 2002 34 5,392 3,354 3,340 13 162 16,465 677 26,084 127 2003 30 5,666 3,266 3,265 P13 P150 P16,624 571 P26,320 161 2004 31 R5,932 R3,382 R3,383 P13 RP152 RP17,014 R740 RP27,265 R111 2005 P35 P5,989 P3,366 P3,366 P13 P148 P17,014 P810 P27,375 P117 

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers.

2 Through 1951, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which jet fuel was blended: in

1952, 71 percent gasoline, 17 percent kerosene, and 12 percent distillate fuel oil. Beginning in 1952,includes naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in 1957, also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. 3 Finished motor gasoline. Through 1963, also includes special naphthas. Beginning in 1993, alsoincludes ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 4 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1949-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal combustion plant use ofpetroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.

5 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1949-1979, data are for steam 

electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Notes: • Data for "Transportation Sector" are estimates

consumption by all sectors, see data for heat content of petPetroleum product supplied is an approximation of petroleum term "petroleum consumption" in Section 1 and Tables 5.13a-d of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/sed

Sources: Tables 5.13c, 5.13d, A1, and A3.
Figure 5.15 Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, 1984-2004

Total by Fuel Distillate Fuel Oil by Selected End UseResidual Fuel Oil by Major End Use Kerosene by Major End Use160 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 5.15.

On-Highway

Diesel

Commercial

Railroad

1985 1990 1995 2000

0

1

2

345

Million Barrels per Day

Residential

Distillate Fuel Oil

1985 1990 1995 

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.0

Million Barrels per Day

Kerosene

Residual Fuel Oil

Vessel

 Bunkering

Industrial

Commercial

Commercial Industrial

Electric Power

1985 1990 1995 2000

0

150300450600750

Thousand Barrels per Day Residential

1985 1990 1995 

0

20406080

Thousand Barrels per Day
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.15 Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, 1984-2004

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Distillate Fuel Oil

Residential Commercial Industrial

Oil

Company Farm

Electric

Power 1 Railroad

Vessel

Bunkering

On-Highway

Diesel Military

Off-

D

1984 534 360 166 55 208 42 192 115 1,093 46 1985 504 291 159 45 202 34 182 111 1,127 43 1986 528 296 175 41 218 38 186 127 1,169 47 1987 534 280 184 40 196 37 186 122 1,185 46 1988 554 279 167 41 206 47 201 130 1,304 54 1989 564 279 178 45 219 158 211 147 1,378 56 1990 475 260 169 49 222 50 203 135 1,393 46 1991 442 246 151 48 206 39 188 133 1,336 53 1992 474 245 150 43 228 35 206 144 1,391 42 1993 475 241 139 46 222 36 196 141 1,485 32 1994 472 246 148 44 213 43 205 143 1,594 40 1995 447 237 146 45 227 39 224 153 1,668 30 1996 450 234 149 48 234 43 224 162 1,754 30 1997 426 216 151 56 231 41 214 168 1,867 28 1998 380 211 161 51 222 55 207 169 1,967 23 1999 411 218 162 43 223 53 211 158 2,091 23 2000 444 241 152 45 225 66 214 147 2,155 20 2001 433 243 161 49 234 88 198 133 2,167 26 2002 416 215 156 50 223 49 212 136 2,238 23 2003 452 240 156 33 209 75 239 145 2,420 27 2004 432 220 151 31 207 54 198 139 2,415 23 

Residual Fuel Oil Kerose

Commercial Industrial

Oil

Company

Electric

Power 1

Vessel

Bunkering Military Other 2 Total Residential Commercial Industrial 

1984 100 228 81 454 298 6 26 1,194 77 17 8 1985 89 218 62 359 299 8 13 1,048 77 16 10 1986 130 263 52 610 384 E7 15 1,462 59 24 7 1987 123 217 44 537 398 10 3 1,332 57 24 6 1988 125 211 36 616 413 8 4 1,413 69 13 8 1989 117 174 24 1632 469 6 2 1,424 57 13 8 1990 99 147 21 566 413 7 2 1,255 31 6 4 1991 93 126 20 461 442 8 1 1,150 35 6 3 1992 77 138 18 388 427 6 1 1,054 31 5 3 1993 67 155 17 394 345 5 (s) 983 37 7 4 1994 69 152 16 374 351 4 (s) 967 31 9 6 1995 60 129 14 213 384 3 (s) 804 36 11 6 1996 60 136 11 280 371 4 1 862 43 10 7 1997 52 124 10 300 327 3 (s) 816 45 12 7 1998 47 117 8 420 367 2 (s) 961 52 15 8 1999 42 111 8 326 381 2 (s) 869 54 13 4 2000 43 103 10 284 417 2 (s) 859 46 14 6 2001 42 114 9 368 353 1 (s) 888 46 15 9 2002 37 82 7 233 316 (s) (s) 676 29 8 5 2003 49 92 5 344 253 1 (s) 744 34 9 11 2004 51 100 3 306 305 2 (s) 767 41 10 13 

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public.

2 Sales to railroads are included in "Other."

E = Annual estimate based on eleven months of data. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less than 0.5 thousand

barrels per day. 

Notes: • For definitions of energy-use sectors used in this table, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/

oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/fuel_oil_and_kerosene_sale

not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Sources: • 1984—EIA, Petroleum Marketing Annual 

• 1985-1999—EIA, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, annual reporOil and Kerosene Sales 2004 (November 2005), Tables 1-3.
Figure 5.16 Petroleum Primary Stocks by Type

Total, Crude Oil1, and Products, 1949-2005 Total Stocks and Strategic Petroleum Reserve By Type, 2005162 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes lease condensate and crude oil stored in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR).2 Crude oil stocks in the SPR include non-U.S. stocks held under foreign or commercial storage agreements. See Figure 5.17 for additional information about the SPR. 3 Crude oil and products.

4 Asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline and blending c

naphtha-type jet fuel, pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocthas, waxes, other hydrocarbons and oxygenates, and misce

Notes: • Stocks are at end of year. • Because vertical s

compared.

Sources: Table 5.16.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Million Barrels

Total

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Million Barrels (Cumulative)

Crude Oil1

Products

1,008

207

136 110 86

42 3

Crude Oil1 Motor Gasoline Distillate Liquefied Unfinished Jet Fuel Res

0

200400600800

1,0001,200

Million Barrels

 Fuel Oil Fue

 NonSPR

 SPR2

Petroleum Gases Oils
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.16 Petroleum Primary Stocks by Type, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Barrels)

Year

Crude Oil and Lease Condensate Petroleum Products

SPR 1 Non-SPR 2 Total 

Distillate

Fuel Oil

Jet

Fuel 3

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Motor

Gasoline 5

Residual

Fuel Oil

Unfinished

Oils

O

Pro

Propane 

4 Total

1949 0 253 253 75 3 ( ) 7 ( ) 1 110 60 66 1950 0 248 248 72 3 ( ) 7 ( ) 2 116 41 70 1955 0 266 266 111 3 7 ( ) 7 165 39 68 1960 0 240 240 138 7 7 ( ) 23 195 45 62 1965 0 220 220 155 19 7 ( ) 30 175 56 89 1970 0 276 276 195 28 7 ( ) 67 209 54 99 1971 0 260 260 191 28 7 ( ) 95 219 60 101 1972 0 246 246 154 25 7 ( ) 86 213 55 95 1973 0 242 242 196 29 65 99 209 53 99 1974 0 265 265 200 29 69 113 218 60 106 1975 0 271 271 209 30 82 125 235 74 106 1976 0 285 285 186 32 74 116 231 72 110 1977 7 340 348 250 35 81 136 258 90 113 1978 67 309 376 216 34 87 132 238 90 109 1979 91 339 430 229 39 64 111 237 96 118 1980 108 358 466 205 42 65 120 261 92 124 1981 230 363 594 192 41 76 135 253 78 111 1982 294 350 644 179 37 54 94 235 66 105 1983 379 344 723 140 39 48 101 222 49 108 1984 451 345 796 161 42 58 101 243 53 94 1985 493 321 814 144 40 39 74 223 50 107 1986 512 331 843 155 50 63 103 233 47 94 1987 541 349 890 134 50 48 97 226 47 93 1988 560 330 890 124 44 50 97 228 45 100 1989 580 341 921 106 41 32 80 213 44 106 1990 586 323 908 132 52 49 98 220 49 99 1991 569 325 893 144 49 48 92 219 50 98 1992 575 318 893 141 43 39 89 216 43 95 1993 587 335 922 141 40 51 106 226 44 88 1994 592 337 929 145 47 46 99 215 42 91 1995 592 303 895 130 40 43 93 202 37 86 1996 566 284 850 127 40 43 86 195 46 88 1997 563 305 868 138 44 44 89 210 40 89 1998 571 324 895 156 45 65 115 216 45 91 1999 567 284 852 125 41 43 89 193 36 86 2000 541 286 826 118 45 41 83 196 36 87 2001 550 312 862 145 42 66 121 210 41 88 2002 599 278 877 134 39 53 106 209 31 76 2003 638 269 907 137 39 50 94 207 38 76 2004 676 286 R961 126 40 55 104 R218 42 R81 2005P 685 323 1,008 136 42 57 110 207 37 86 

1 "SPR" is the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Crude oil stocks in the SPR include non-U.S. stocks held

under foreign or commercial storage agreements.

2 All crude oil and lease condensate stocks other than those in "SPR." 3 Through 1951, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in the products from which it was blended: in 1952, 71

percent gasoline, 17 percent kerosene, and 12 percent distillate fuel oil. Through 1964, kerosene-type jetfuel is included with kerosene in "Other Products." Beginning in 2005, naphtha-type jet fuel is included in"Other Products." 4 Includes propylene. 5 Finished motor gasoline and motor gasoline blending components. Through 1963, also includesaviation gasoline and special naphthas.

6 Asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline blending components, kerosene, lubricants, pentanes plus,

petrochemical feedstocks, petroleum coke, waxes, other hydrocarbons and oxygenates, and miscellaneous

products. Through 1964, also includes kerosene-type jet fuel. 

gasoline and special naphthas. Beginning in 2005, also includes 

7 Included in "Liquefied Petroleum Gases Total."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Notes: • Stocks are at end of year. • Distillate stocks in th

included. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to ind

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industr

annual reports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information AdministratStatement, Annual, annual reports. • 1981-2004—EIA, P• 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.17 Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 1977-2005

End-of-Year Stocks in SPR Crude Oil Imports for SPR1SPR Stocks as Days of Petroleum Net Imports2 SPR as Share of Domestic Stocks164 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Imported by SPR and imported by others for SPR.2 Derived by dividing end-of-year SPR stocks by annual average daily net imports of all

petroleum.

Notes: • SPR=Strategic Petroleum Reserve. • Because v

not be compared.

Source: Table 5.17.

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

100200300400500600700800

Million Barrels

685 in 2005

8

59

24

16

93

60

85

72

43

18

27

19 20

10

0 4 5 

1978 1983 1988 1993 

0

255075

100

Million Barrels

1

8 11

17

43

68

88

96

115

94 91

85

81 82

86 83

77

73 75

67

62 59 57

52 50

57 57 56 55

1978 1983 1988 1993 1998 2003

0

255075

100125

Days

1980 1985 1990 

0

255075

100

Percent

Crude Oil

Total

Petroleum
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.17 Strategic Petroleum Reserve, 1977-2005

 (Million Barrels, Except as Noted)

Year

Foreign Crude Oil Receipts Domestic Crude Oil Receipts Withdrawals End-of-Year Stocks

Imported

by SPR

Imported

by Others 1,2 Purchases Exchanges 2 Sales Exchanges Quantity 3

Percent of

Crude Oil 4

Stocks

1977 7.54 0.00 60.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.46 2.1 1978 58.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.86 17.8 1979 24.43 0.00 (s) 0.00 0.00 0.00 91.19 21.2 1980 16.07 0.00 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 107.80 23.1 1981 93.30 0.00 28.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 230.34 38.8 1982 60.19 0.00 3.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 293.83 45.7 1983 85.29 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 379.09 52.4 1984 72.04 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 450.51 56.6 1985 43.12 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 493.32 60.6 1986 17.56 0.00 1.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 511.57 60.7 1987 26.52 0.00 2.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 540.65 60.8 1988 18.76 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 559.52 62.9 1989 20.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 579.86 62.9 1990 9.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.91 0.00 585.69 64.5 1991 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.22 0.00 568.51 63.7 1992 3.59 0.00 2.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 574.72 64.4 1993 5.37 0.00 6.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 587.08 63.6 1994 4.49 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 591.67 63.7 1995 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 591.64 66.1 1996 0.00 0.90 0.00 0.00 25.82 0.90 565.82 66.6 1997 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 563.43 64.9 1998 0.00 7.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 571.41 63.8 1999 3.04 3.60 0.00 1.42 0.00 10.75 567.24 66.6 2000 3.01 1.50 0.00 2.29 0.00 733.35 540.68 65.4 2001 3.91 5.07 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 550.24 63.8 2002 5.77 35.59 0.00 7.64 0.00 0.00 599.09 68.3 2003 0.00 22.94 0.00 16.40 0.00 0.00 638.39 70.4 2004 0.00 34.24 0.00 8.47 0.00 5.44 675.60 R70.3 2005 0.00 18.88 0.00 8.41 11.03 9.82 684.54 67.9 

1 Imported crude oil received represents volumes of imported crude oil received at SPR storage facilities

for which the costs associated with the importation and delivery of crude oil are the responsibility of thecommercial importer under contract to supply the SPR.

2 The values shown for 1998 and 1999 represent an exchange agreement in which SPR received

approximately 8.5 million barrels of high quality oil in exchange for approximately 11 million barrels of lowerquality crude oil shipped from SPR during 1999 and 2000. Also, beginning in 1999, a portion of the crudeoil in-kind royalties from Federal leases in the Gulf of Mexico was transferred to the Department of Energyand exchanged with commercial entities for crude oil to fill the SPR. Crude oil exchange barrels deliveredto SPR could be either domestic or imported as long as the crude oil met the specification requirements ofSPR. All exchange barrels of imported crude oil are included in "Foreign Crude Oil Receipts, Imported byOthers," while exchange barrels of domestic crude oil are included in "Domestic Crude Oil Receipts,Exchanges."

3 Stocks do not include imported quantities in transit to SPR terminals, pipeline fill, and above-ground

storage.

4 Includes lease condensate stocks. 5 Derived by dividing end-of-year SPR stocks by annual average daily net imports of all petroleum. 

Calculated prior to rounding. 6 The quantity of domestic fuel oil which was in storage prior 

7 Includes 30 million barrels released to increase heating oil s

bonus percentage to be returned in 2001 and 2002, as well aHome Heating Oil Reserve.

R=Revised. (s)=Less than 0.005 million barrels. Note: "SPR" is the Strategic Petroleum Reserve—petro

Government for use during periods of major supply interruption.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Sources: Imported by SPR and End-of-Year Stocks, Qua

Administration (EIA), Energy Data Report, Petroleum • 1981-2004—EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual, annual reports. (February 2006). Imported by Others, Domestic Crude Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Fossil EnergCalculated.
Figure 5.18 Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices

U.S. Average Real1 and Nominal Prices, 1949-2005

Alaska North Slope, California, and Texas 1977-2005

166 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1.

2 Alaska North Slope.

Source: Table 5.18.

Real1

Nominal

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

102030405060

Dollars per Barrel

Texas

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

15304560

Dollars per Barrel

Nominal Prices

1980 1985 

0

50

100150200250300

Index: 1977=100

Real1 Pric

ANS2

California

Texas

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

15304560

Dollars per Barrel

Real1 Prices

ANS2 

California

ANS2
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.18 Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Dollars per Barrel)

Year

Alaska North Slope California Texas 

Nominal Real 1 Nominal Real 1 Nominal Real 1 N

1949 — — — — — — 1950 — — — — — — 1955 — — — — — — 1960 — — — — — — 1965 — — — — — — 1970 — — — — — — 1971 — — — — — — 1972 — — — — — — 1973 — — — — — — 1974 — — — — — — 1975 — — — — — — 1976 — — — — — — 1977 26.29 214.71 7.92 18.53 8.58 20.07 1978 5.21 11.39 8.58 18.75 9.29 20.30 1979 10.57 21.33 12.78 25.79 12.65 25.53 1980 16.87 31.22 23.87 44.17 21.84 40.41 1981 23.23 39.29 26.80 45.33 35.06 59.30 1982 19.92 31.76 24.58 39.19 31.77 50.65 1983 17.69 27.13 22.61 34.67 29.35 45.01 1984 17.91 26.47 22.09 32.65 28.87 42.67 1985 16.98 24.36 22.14 31.76 26.80 38.44 1986 6.45 9.05 11.90 16.70 14.73 20.67 1987 10.83 14.80 13.92 19.02 17.55 23.98 1988 8.43 11.14 10.97 14.49 14.71 19.43 1989 12.00 15.28 14.06 17.90 17.81 22.67 1990 15.23 18.67 17.81 21.83 22.37 27.42 1991 11.57 13.70 13.72 16.25 19.04 22.55 1992 11.73 13.58 13.55 15.69 18.32 21.21 1993 10.84 12.27 12.11 13.70 16.19 18.32 1994 9.77 10.82 12.12 13.43 14.98 16.60 1995 11.12 12.07 14.00 15.20 16.38 17.78 1996 15.32 16.32 16.72 17.82 20.31 21.64 1997 14.84 15.55 15.78 16.54 18.66 19.56 1998 8.47 8.78 9.55 9.90 12.28 12.73 1999 12.46 12.73 14.08 14.39 17.29 17.67 2000 23.62 23.62 24.82 24.82 28.60 28.60 2001 18.18 17.75 20.11 19.64 23.41 22.86 2002 19.37 R18.59 21.87 R20.99 23.77 R22.81 2003 23.78 R22.37 26.43 R24.86 29.13 R27.40 2004 33.03 R30.28 34.47 R31.60 38.79 R35.55 2005P 47.05 41.96 47.08 41.99 52.58 46.89 

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Table D1.

2 Average for July through December only.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. Note: Prices are for the marketed first sales price of domestic crude oil. See Note 5, "Crude Oil

Domestic First Purchase Prices," at end of section.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/petro.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/pe

Sources: • 1949-1973—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yea

Products" chapter. • 1974 through January 1976—Federal E"Crude Petroleum Production Monthly Report." • February 19"Domestic Crude Oil Purchaser’s Monthly Report." • 1978 foPetroleum Marketing Monthly (March 2006), Table 21.
Figure 5.19 Landed Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries

Total, 19731-2005 By Selected Country, 2005By Selected OPEC Country, 19731-2005 By Selected Non-OPEC Country, 19731-2005168 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Based on October, November, and December data only. Note: • OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Co

Source: Table 5.19

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

102030405060

Nominal Dollars per Barrel

57.24 56.13 55.32

50.02 

Nigeria Norway United Saudi Ve

0

10203040506070

Nominal Dollars per Barrel

Arabia

Nigeria

Kingdom

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

102030405060

Nominal Dollars per Barrel

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

102030405060

Nominal Dollars per Barrel Venezuela Saudi Arabia United Kingdom Mexico

Canada
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.19 Landed Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries, 1973-2005

 (Norminal Dollars per Barrel)

Year

Persian

Gulf 2

Selected OPEC 1 Countries Selected Non-OPEC Countries

Kuwait Nigeria 

Saudi

Arabia Venezuela

Total

OPEC 3 Angola Canada Colombia Mexico Norway

K

1973 4 5.91 W 9.08 5.37 5.99 6.85 W 5.33 W 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 1974 12.21 W 13.16 11.63 11.25 12.49 12.48 11.48 W W 5 ( ) 1975 12.64 W 12.70 12.50 12.36 12.70 11.81 12.84 5 ( ) 12.61 12.80 1976 13.03 W 13.81 13.06 11.89 13.32 12.71 13.36 5 ( ) 12.64 13.74 1977 13.85 W 15.29 13.69 13.11 14.35 14.04 14.13 5 ( ) 13.82 14.93 1978 14.01 W 14.88 13.94 12.84 14.34 14.07 14.41 5 ( ) 13.56 14.68 1979 20.42 W 22.97 18.95 17.65 21.29 21.06 20.22 5 ( ) 20.77 22.55 1980 30.59 W 37.15 29.80 25.92 33.56 34.76 30.11 W 31.77 36.82 1981 34.61 5 ( ) 39.66 34.20 29.91 36.60 36.84 32.32 5 ( ) 33.70 38.70 1982 34.94 5 ( ) 36.16 34.99 24.93 34.81 33.08 27.15 5 ( ) 28.63 34.70 1983 29.37 5 ( ) 30.85 29.27 22.94 29.84 29.31 25.63 5 ( ) 25.78 30.72 1984 29.07 W 30.36 29.20 25.19 29.06 28.49 26.56 5 ( ) 26.85 30.05 1985 25.50 5 ( ) 28.96 24.72 24.43 26.86 27.39 25.71 5 ( ) 25.63 28.32 1986 12.92 11.70 15.29 12.84 11.52 13.46 14.09 13.43 12.85 12.17 15.98 1987 17.47 18.14 19.32 16.81 15.76 17.64 18.20 17.04 18.43 16.69 19.10 1988 13.51 12.84 15.88 13.37 13.66 14.18 14.48 13.50 14.47 12.58 15.43 1989 17.37 16.90 19.19 17.34 16.78 17.78 18.36 16.81 18.10 16.35 19.06 1990 20.55 17.01 23.33 21.82 20.31 21.23 21.51 20.48 22.34 19.64 21.11 1991 17.34 18.48 21.39 17.22 15.92 18.08 19.90 17.16 19.55 15.89 21.44 1992 17.58 16.99 20.78 17.48 15.13 17.81 19.36 17.04 18.46 15.60 20.90 1993 15.26 14.23 18.73 15.40 13.39 15.68 17.40 15.27 16.54 14.11 18.99 1994 15.00 14.49 17.21 15.11 13.12 15.08 16.36 14.83 15.80 14.09 17.09 1995 16.78 16.47 18.25 16.84 14.81 16.61 17.66 16.65 17.45 16.19 18.06 1996 20.45 20.32 21.95 20.49 18.59 20.14 21.86 19.94 22.02 19.64 21.34 1997 17.44 17.03 20.64 17.52 16.35 17.73 20.24 17.63 19.71 17.30 20.26 1998 11.18 11.00 14.14 11.16 10.16 11.46 13.37 11.62 13.26 11.04 13.83 1999 17.37 16.77 17.63 17.48 15.58 16.94 18.37 17.54 18.09 16.12 19.06 2000 26.77 26.28 30.04 26.58 26.05 27.29 29.57 26.69 29.68 26.03 30.13 2001 20.73 19.66 26.55 20.98 19.81 21.52 25.13 20.72 25.88 19.37 25.77 2002 24.13 23.04 26.45 24.77 21.93 23.83 25.43 22.98 25.28 22.09 26.60 2003 27.54 26.82 31.07 27.50 25.70 27.70 30.14 26.76 30.55 25.48 30.51 2004 R36.53 R35.89 R40.95 R37.11 R33.79 R36.84 R39.62 34.51 39.03 32.25 39.92 2005P 49.41 48.27 57.24 50.02 47.84 51.10 54.14 44.98 53.34 43.46 56.13 

1 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. See Glossary for current membership. 2 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. 3 Ecuador, which withdrew from OPEC on December 31, 1992, is included through 1992. In June 1996,

OPEC retroactively ended Gabon‘s membership in OPEC effective December 31, 1994. However, data forGabon are still included here for 1995.

4 Based on October, November, and December data only. 5 No data reported.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.Notes: • This table reports landed costs of crude oil imports only; it does not account for refined

petroleum products imported into the United States. • See "Crude Oil Landed Cost" in Glossary. • Totals

may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Sources: • 1973 through September 1977—Federal Ene

"Transfer Pricing Report." • October 1977 through Decembe(EIA), Form FEA-F701-M-0, "Transfer Pricing Report." • JanForm ERA-51, "Transfer Pricing Report." • October 1982 throuForeign Crude Oil Transaction Report." • July 1984 forward—EOil Acquisition Report."
Figure 5.20 Value of Crude Oil Imports

Total, 1973-2005 Totals, 2005By Selected Country, 2005170 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. • Because vertical

scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 5.20.

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

4080

120160200

Billion Nominal Dollars

$180 billion in 2005

180

92 

Total Non-OPEC O

0

4080

120160200

Billion Nominal Dollars

27.0 26.2

24.6

22.1 21.5

8.9

4.4 3.8 

Canada Saudi Arabia Mexico Nigeria Venezuela Angola United Kingdom Kuwait 

05

1015202530

Billion Nominal Dollars
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.20 Value of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries, 1973-2005

 (Billion Nominal Dollars)

Year

Persian

Gulf 2

Selected OPEC 1 Countries Selected Non-OPEC Countries

Kuwait Nigeria 

Saudi

Arabia Venezuela

Total

OPEC 3 Angola Canada Colombia Mexico Norway

K

1973 1.7 W 1.5 0.9 0.8 5.2 W 1.9 W 5 ( ) 0.0 1974 4.4 W 3.3 1.9 1.3 11.6 0.2 3.3 0.0 W 5 ( ) 1975 5.2 W 3.5 3.2 1.8 14.9 0.3 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.1 1976 8.7 W 5.1 5.8 1.0 22.2 (s) 1.8 5 ( ) 0.4 0.2 1977 12.2 W 6.3 6.9 1.2 29.6 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.9 0.3 1978 11.3 W 4.9 5.8 0.8 27.1 (s) 1.3 0.0 1.6 0.6 1979 15.3 W 9.0 9.3 1.9 39.7 0.3 2.0 0.0 3.3 0.6 1980 16.9 W 11.4 13.6 1.5 47.5 0.5 2.2 0.0 5.9 1.9 1981 15.1 0.0 8.8 13.9 1.6 39.0 0.6 1.9 0.0 5.8 1.6 1982 8.4 5 ( ) 6.7 6.8 1.4 22.0 0.5 2.1 0.0 6.7 1.3 1983 4.3 5 ( ) 3.4 3.4 1.4 16.1 0.8 2.6 0.0 7.2 0.7 1984 4.8 W 2.3 3.3 2.3 16.1 0.9 3.3 0.0 6.5 1.2 1985 2.3 5 ( ) 3.0 1.2 2.7 12.9 1.0 4.4 0.0 6.7 0.3 1986 3.8 0.1 2.4 2.9 1.8 10.4 0.5 2.8 0.3 2.8 0.3 1987 6.0 0.5 3.7 3.9 2.8 15.5 1.2 3.8 0.8 3.7 0.5 1988 6.7 0.4 3.5 4.4 2.2 14.0 1.1 3.4 0.6 3.1 0.3 1989 11.0 1.0 5.6 7.1 3.0 21.9 1.9 3.9 0.9 4.3 0.9 1990 13.5 0.5 6.7 9.5 4.9 27.2 1.9 4.8 1.1 4.9 0.7 1991 11.0 (s) 5.3 10.7 3.9 22.3 1.8 4.7 0.9 4.4 0.6 1992 10.5 0.2 5.1 10.2 4.6 22.2 2.4 5.0 0.7 4.5 0.9 1993 9.1 1.8 4.9 7.2 4.9 20.7 2.1 5.0 0.9 4.4 0.9 1994 8.8 1.6 3.9 7.2 5.0 19.7 1.9 5.3 0.8 4.8 1.2 1995 9.1 1.3 4.1 7.7 6.2 21.6 2.3 6.3 1.3 6.1 1.7 1996 11.1 1.8 4.8 9.4 8.9 25.3 2.8 7.8 1.8 8.7 2.3 1997 10.4 1.6 5.2 8.3 8.3 24.4 3.1 7.7 1.9 8.6 2.1 1998 8.3 1.2 3.6 5.7 5.1 17.4 2.3 5.4 1.7 5.3 1.1 1999 15.0 1.5 4.0 8.8 6.5 26.1 2.4 7.5 3.0 7.4 1.8 2000 23.6 2.5 9.6 14.8 11.7 45.4 3.2 13.2 3.5 12.5 3.3 2001 20.2 1.7 8.2 12.3 9.3 38.1 2.9 10.3 2.5 9.9 2.6 2002 19.5 1.8 5.7 13.7 9.6 35.5 3.0 12.1 2.2 12.1 3.4 2003 24.4 2.0 9.4 17.3 11.1 46.3 4.0 15.1 1.8 14.6 2.0 2004 R32.1 3.2 R16.2 R20.3 16.0 R68.0 4.4 20.4 2.0 R18.9 2.1 2005P 39.3 3.8 22.1 26.2 21.5 88.8 8.9 27.0 3.0 24.6 2.4 

1 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. See Glossary for current membership. 2 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. 3 Ecuador, which withdrew from OPEC on December 31, 1992, is included through 1992. In June 1996,

OPEC retroactively ended Gabon‘s membership in OPEC effective December 31, 1994. However, data forGabon are still included here for 1995.

4 Data shown here represent landed value; they differ from data in Table 3.7, which are data from U.S.

Customs that represent crude oil value at the port of loading.

5 No price reported.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than $0.05 billion. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of

individual company data. 

Notes: • Crude oil import volumes used to calculate values 

District of Columbia. • Totals may not equal sum of components 

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Sources: Calculated by using prices on Table 5.19 and 

• 1973-1975—U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Minreports. • 1976-1980—Energy Information Administration (Ereports. • 1981-2004—EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual, annual Monthly (February 2006).
Figure 5.21 Crude Oil Refiner Acquisition Costs, 1968-2005

Summary Composite CostsDomestic Costs Imported Costs172 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be 

Source: Table 5.21.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

10203040506070

Nominal Dollars per Barrel

Composite

1970 1975 1980 1985 199

0

10203040506070

Dollars per Barrel

Real1

Imported Domestic

Nominal

Nominal

Real1

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

10203040506070

Dollars per Barrel

1970 1975 1980 1985 199

0

10203040506070

Dollars per Barrel

Nominal

Real1
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.21 Crude Oil Refiner Acquisition Costs, 1968-2005

 (Dollars per Barrel)

Year

Domestic Imported 

Nominal Real 1 Nominal Real 1 Nominal 

1968E 3.21 12.88 2.90 11.64 3.17 1969E 3.37 12.89 2.80 10.71 3.29 1970E 3.46 12.57 2.96 10.75 3.40 1971E 3.68 12.73 3.17 10.96 3.60 1972E 3.67 12.17 3.22 10.67 3.58 1973E 4.17 13.09 4.08 12.81 4.15 1974 7.18 20.68 12.52 36.05 9.07 1975 8.39 22.08 13.93 36.66 10.38 1976 8.84 21.99 13.48 33.54 10.89 1977 9.55 22.34 14.53 33.99 11.96 1978 10.61 23.19 14.57 31.84 12.46 1979 14.27 28.80 21.67 43.74 17.72 1980 24.23 44.83 33.89 62.71 28.07 1981 34.33 58.07 37.05 62.67 35.24 1982 31.22 49.77 33.55 53.49 31.87 1983 28.87 44.27 29.30 44.93 28.99 1984 28.53 42.17 28.88 42.69 28.63 1985 26.66 38.24 26.99 38.72 26.75 1986 14.82 20.80 14.00 19.65 14.55 1987 17.76 24.26 18.13 24.77 17.90 1988 14.74 19.47 14.56 19.24 14.67 1989 17.87 22.75 18.08 23.02 17.97 1990 22.59 27.69 21.76 26.67 22.22 1991 19.33 22.89 18.70 22.14 19.06 1992 18.63 21.57 18.20 21.07 18.43 1993 16.67 18.86 16.14 18.26 16.41 1994 15.67 17.36 15.51 17.18 15.59 1995 17.33 18.82 17.14 18.61 17.23 1996 20.77 22.13 20.64 21.99 20.71 1997 19.61 20.55 18.53 19.42 19.04 1998 13.18 13.66 12.04 12.48 12.52 1999 17.90 18.29 17.26 17.64 17.51 2000 29.11 29.11 27.70 27.70 28.26 2001 24.33 23.76 22.00 21.48 22.95 2002 24.65 R23.66 23.71 R22.76 24.10 2003 29.82 R28.05 27.71 R26.07 28.53 2004 R38.97 R35.72 R35.90 R32.91 R36.98 2005P 52.93 47.20 48.85 43.56 50.23 

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Table D1.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Note: Costs are for crude oil to refiners, including transportation and other fees; they do not include

crude oil purchased for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. The cost for each category and for the compositeis derived by dividing the sum of the total purchasing (acquisition) costs of all refiners by the total volume ofall refiners’ purchases.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html for related

information.

Sources: • 1968-1973—Energy Information Administration (E

oil was derived by adding estimated transportation costs to the value. The cost of imported crude oil was derived by adding an the published "Average Freight Rate Assessment" to the averagthe U.S. Bureau of the Census. The composite cost was derived costs on the basis of quantities produced and imported. • 197Administration (FEA), Form FEA-96, "Monthly Cost AllocatioDecember 1977—FEA, Form FEA-P110-M-1, "Refiners’ Moforward—EIA, Petroleum Marketing Monthly (March 2006), Table 
Figure 5.22 Refiner Sales Prices for Selected Petroleum Products, 1989-2005

To Resellers To End Users174 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Source: Table 5.22.

Residual Fuel Oil

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

255075

100125150175200

Nominal Cents per Gallon, Excluding Taxes Motor Gasoline

Residual Fuel Oil

Motor Gasoline

No. 2

Distillate

Propane

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 

0

255075

100125150175200

Nominal Cents per Gallon, Excluding Taxes

No. 2

Distillate
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.22 Refiner Sales Prices and Refiner Margins for Selected Petroleum Products, 1989-2005

 (Nominal Cents per Gallon, Excluding Taxes)

Product 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 

Sales Prices to Resellers: 1

 Aviation Gasoline ............................ 95.0 106.3 100.1 99.1 96.5 93.3 97.5 105.5 106.5 91.2 100.7 133.0 125.6  Motor Gasoline ............................... 65.4 78.6 69.9 67.7 62.6 59.9 62.6 71.3 70.0 52.6 64.5 96.3 88.6  Leaded Regular ............................ 63.1 75.4 65.7 69.3 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA  Unleaded Regular ......................... 61.8 75.8 67.2 64.5 59.3 56.6 59.3 68.5 67.3 49.9 62.0 94.2 86.5  Unleaded Midgrade ...................... 68.6 81.4 73.3 70.8 66.0 63.8 67.0 75.9 74.9 57.6 69.6 101.3 94.5  Premium ....................................... 74.9 87.4 79.2 77.4 72.2 69.5 72.2 80.3 79.2 61.7 72.6 105.5 98.0  Kerosene ........................................ 66.9 83.9 72.2 63.2 60.4 61.8 58.0 71.4 65.3 46.5 55.0 96.9 82.1  Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type ................ 58.3 77.3 65.0 60.5 57.7 53.4 53.9 64.6 61.3 45.0 53.3 88.0 76.3  No. 1 Distillate ............................... 66.8 83.8 73.0 65.2 64.6 61.5 62.5 75.1 72.3 51.3 63.4 101.9 88.3  No. 2 Distillate ............................... 56.6 69.5 61.8 58.5 55.9 52.2 53.0 65.3 60.2 43.9 53.6 89.6 77.9  No. 2 Fuel Oil ................................ 56.5 69.7 62.2 57.9 54.4 50.6 51.1 63.9 59.0 42.2 49.3 88.6 75.6  No. 2 Diesel Fuel .......................... 56.7 69.4 61.5 59.1 57.0 52.9 53.8 65.9 60.6 44.4 54.6 89.8 77.5  No. 4 Fuel 2 .................................... 48.0 59.0 55.6 49.5 48.8 46.2 46.3 60.3 55.1 38.3 43.0 77.8 69.7  Residual Fuel Oil ............................ 36.0 41.3 31.4 30.8 29.3 31.7 36.3 42.0 38.7 28.0 35.4 56.6 47.6  1% or Less Sulfur Content ............ 40.7 47.2 36.4 35.1 33.7 34.5 38.3 45.6 41.5 29.9 38.2 62.7 52.3  Greater Than 1% Sulfur Content .. 33.1 37.2 29.2 28.6 25.6 28.7 33.8 38.9 36.6 26.9 32.9 51.2 42.8  Propane (Consumer Grade) ........... 24.7 38.6 34.9 32.8 35.1 32.4 34.4 46.1 41.6 28.8 34.2 59.5 54.0 

Sales Prices to End Users: 1

 Aviation Gasoline ............................ 99.5 112.0 104.7 102.7 99.0 95.7 100.5 111.6 112.8 97.5 105.9 130.6 132.3  Motor Gasoline ............................... 75.6 88.3 79.7 78.7 75.9 73.8 76.5 84.7 83.9 67.3 78.1 110.6 103.2  Leaded Regular ............................ 71.0 83.1 71.5 78.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA  Unleaded Regular ......................... 71.4 84.9 76.1 74.3 71.2 68.9 71.7 80.7 79.8 63.0 74.2 107.3 99.7  Unleaded Midgrade ...................... 79.2 92.1 84.3 82.7 80.5 78.5 80.8 89.6 89.5 72.8 83.5 116.8 110.0  Premium ....................................... 86.7 98.5 90.7 91.4 88.9 86.5 89.0 97.2 97.3 80.5 90.6 124.2 117.5  Kerosene ........................................ 70.9 92.3 83.8 78.8 75.4 66.0 58.9 74.0 74.5 50.1 60.5 112.3 104.5  Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type ................ 59.2 76.6 65.2 61.0 58.0 53.4 54.0 65.1 61.3 45.2 54.3 89.9 77.5  No. 1 Distillate ............................... 66.1 81.9 74.0 66.6 66.6 64.0 62.0 72.6 68.9 55.1 62.1 98.8 90.2  No. 2 Distillate ............................... 58.5 72.6 65.0 62.0 60.2 55.6 56.0 68.0 64.2 49.2 58.0 93.4 84.0  No. 2 Fuel Oil ................................ 58.7 73.4 66.5 62.7 60.2 57.2 56.2 67.3 63.6 48.2 55.8 92.7 82.9  No. 2 Diesel Fuel .......................... 58.5 72.5 64.8 61.9 60.2 55.4 56.0 68.1 64.2 49.4 58.4 93.5 84.2  No. 4 Fuel 2 .................................... 51.2 62.2 58.0 52.6 50.1 50.1 50.5 60.3 56.5 42.8 47.4 76.9 67.9  Residual Fuel Oil ............................ 38.5 44.4 34.0 33.6 33.7 35.2 39.2 45.5 42.3 30.5 37.4 60.2 53.1  1% or Less Sulfur Content ............ 43.6 50.5 40.2 38.9 39.7 40.1 43.6 52.6 48.8 35.4 40.5 70.8 64.2  Greater Than 1% Sulfur Content .. 34.4 40.0 30.6 31.2 30.3 33.0 37.7 43.3 40.3 28.7 36.2 56.6 49.2  Propane (Consumer Grade) ........... 61.5 74.5 73.0 64.3 67.3 53.0 49.2 60.5 55.2 40.5 45.8 60.3 50.6 

Refiner Margins 3

 Motor Gasoline ............................... 22.6 25.7 24.5 23.8 23.5 22.8 21.6 22.0 24.7 22.8 22.8 29.0 34.0  Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type ................ 15.5 24.4 19.6 16.5 18.6 16.3 12.9 15.3 16.0 15.2 11.6 20.7 21.7  No. 2 Distillate ............................... 13.8 16.6 16.4 14.6 16.8 15.1 12.0 16.0 14.9 14.1 11.9 22.3 23.3  Residual Fuel Oil ............................ -6.8 -11.6 -14.0 -13.2 -9.8 -5.4 -4.8 -7.2 -6.6 -1.8 -6.3 -10.7 -7.0  Composite 4 .................................... 18.8 22.1 20.7 19.8 19.0 19.8 18.1 19.4 20.0 19.5 18.9 26.1 29.7 

1 Sales for resale (wholesale sales) are those made to purchasers who are other than ultimate

consumers. Sales to end users are those made directly to the ultimate consumer, including bulkcustomers, such as agriculture, industry, and utilities, as well as residential and commercial customers.

2 Includes No. 4 fuel oil and No. 4 diesel fuel. 3 In this table, refiner margin is the difference between the composite refiner acquisition price of crude

oil and the price to resellers.

4 A volume weighted average of the refiner prices to resellers for aviation gasoline, kerosene-type jet

fuel, kerosene, motor gasoline, distillate fuel nos. 1, 2, and 4, an

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. W=Value 

company data. 

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleu

information.

Sources: • 1989-2004—Energy Information Administration 

reports. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Marketing Monthly (March 200
Figure 5.23 All Sellers Sales Prices for Selected Petroleum Products, 2005

Motor Gasoline, Selected GradesDistillate Fuel Oil, Residual Fuel Oil, and Propane176 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Not applicable.Notes: • Data are preliminary. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be

compared.

Source: Table 5.23.

183 181 179 177 186 18

168 166 164 166 171 172 

All Finished Unleaded Unleaded Unleaded Unleaded Unleaded 

0

255075

100125150175200225

Nominal Cents per Gallon (Excluding Taxes) To Resellers To End Users

Regular Midgrade

Reformulated

Regular

Oxygenated

Regular

Conventional

Motor Gasoline Regular

189

205

188 190 182

1

173

(2)

176 177 170

99 

No. 2 No. 2 Distillate No. 2 Diesel No. 2 Diesel No. 2 Diesel Residua

0

255075

100125150175200225

Nominal Cents per Gallon (Excluding Taxes)

To Resellers To End Users

(1)

Distillate Fuel Oil to Residences Fuel Fuel, Low Sulfur Fuel, High Sulfur Fuel Oil 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.23 All Sellers Sales Prices for Selected Petroleum Products, 1989-2005

 (Nominal Cents per Gallon, Excluding Taxes)

Product 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 

Sales Prices to Resellers 1

 Motor Gasoline ............................... 65.8 78.9 70.8 68.0 62.8 60.2 63.0 71.5 70.3 53.0 64.5 96.6 88.8  Unleaded Regular ......................... 62.3 76.2 68.2 64.9 59.7 57.1 59.9 68.9 67.7 50.4 62.1 94.6 86.8  Conventional .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 56.5 58.3 67.2 65.8 48.4 59.6 91.8 83.8  Oxygenated ................................ NA NA NA NA NA 62.7 66.2 74.5 75.4 57.5 69.0 101.6 94.7  Reformulated .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 63.2 64.6 73.3 72.5 55.1 67.6 100.6 93.0  Unleaded Midgrade ...................... 69.1 82.3 74.4 71.3 66.4 64.1 67.3 76.0 75.1 57.9 69.4 101.4 94.5  Conventional .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 63.3 65.1 73.7 72.3 55.0 65.8 97.7 90.1  Oxygenated ................................ NA NA NA NA NA 68.9 71.1 78.9 79.1 59.9 69.5 102.1 96.5  Reformulated .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 72.2 71.9 80.2 80.1 63.2 75.8 108.0 102.2  Premium ....................................... 75.2 87.7 80.0 77.6 72.2 69.6 72.4 80.4 79.4 61.8 72.4 105.5 98.0  Conventional .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 68.6 69.5 77.7 76.4 58.7 68.8 101.3 93.3  Oxygenated ................................ NA NA NA NA NA 75.7 78.7 85.1 85.6 67.4 77.9 111.9 102.0  Reformulated .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 76.9 77.9 85.1 84.5 67.1 78.7 111.7 105.4  No. 2 Distillate ................................ 57.2 70.6 62.7 59.1 56.6 52.9 53.6 66.0 61.1 45.0 53.8 90.1 78.5  No. 2 Diesel Fuel .......................... NA NA NA NA NA 53.8 54.6 66.7 61.6 45.4 55.2 90.4 79.1  Low Sulfur ................................... NA NA NA NA NA 54.2 55.1 67.3 61.9 45.7 55.7 90.9 79.4  High Sulfur .................................. NA NA NA NA NA 51.9 52.4 63.9 60.2 43.7 51.9 87.5 77.1  Residual Fuel Oil ............................ 37.8 43.4 33.0 32.6 30.1 32.2 36.6 42.7 39.6 28.4 35.5 57.9 49.6  1% or Less Sulfur Content ............ 41.5 48.1 37.9 36.8 34.1 35.0 38.3 46.1 42.4 30.5 38.2 63.8 54.2  Greater Than 1% Sulfur Content .. 34.0 38.8 29.7 30.0 27.2 29.8 34.4 39.7 37.5 27.1 33.3 52.3 43.8  Propane (Consumer Grade) ........... NA NA NA NA NA 33.6 35.4 47.1 42.6 29.7 35.4 60.3 55.6 

Sales Prices to End Users 1

 Motor Gasoline ............................... 76.8 89.9 81.1 78.7 75.3 72.9 76.1 84.3 83.1 66.0 76.2 109.1 102.2  Unleaded Regular ......................... 73.2 87.0 78.0 75.0 71.4 69.0 72.1 80.9 79.7 62.3 72.8 106.3 99.3  Conventional .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 68.5 71.4 80.1 78.5 61.0 70.8 104.4 96.8  Oxygenated ................................ NA NA NA NA NA 73.7 77.3 86.1 88.7 69.4 78.2 111.8 105.9  Reformulated .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 74.3 74.1 83.3 82.2 65.1 77.7 110.9 105.1  Unleaded Midgrade ...................... NA NA NA 82.4 79.2 77.0 80.2 88.5 88.0 71.1 81.2 114.6 108.6  Conventional .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 76.6 79.3 87.4 86.5 69.5 78.7 112.2 105.2  Oxygenated ................................ NA NA NA NA NA 82.1 83.8 92.9 96.4 76.3 85.3 118.5 112.0  Reformulated .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 85.1 82.9 91.6 91.5 74.8 86.9 119.7 115.6  Premium ....................................... 87.4 99.6 91.9 90.6 87.5 85.2 88.3 96.2 95.5 78.6 88.0 121.8 115.4  Conventional .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 84.6 87.1 95.0 93.9 76.9 85.6 119.2 111.9  Oxygenated ................................ NA NA NA NA NA 90.8 93.8 101.9 105.4 84.5 94.0 127.9 121.8  Reformulated .............................. NA NA NA NA NA 93.7 91.4 99.1 98.8 82.2 93.1 126.7 121.7  No. 2 Distillate ................................ 69.5 84.1 76.0 72.6 71.0 67.5 67.3 79.3 75.3 59.9 67.8 104.4 94.8  No. 2 Distillate to Residences 2 .... 90.0 106.3 101.9 93.4 91.1 88.4 86.7 98.9 98.4 85.2 87.6 131.1 125.0  No. 2 Diesel Fuel .......................... NA NA NA NA NA 62.8 63.6 75.7 71.4 56.2 65.4 100.6 91.2  Low Sulfur ................................... NA NA NA NA NA 64.2 64.5 76.7 71.9 56.5 66.3 101.4 91.7  High Sulfur .................................. NA NA NA NA NA 59.8 61.4 73.2 69.8 55.5 62.0 98.1 89.2  Residual Fuel Oil ............................ 39.3 45.5 34.7 34.6 34.1 35.8 39.7 46.4 42.9 31.1 37.8 60.9 53.3  1% or Less Sulfur Content ............ 43.6 51.2 40.0 39.4 39.3 40.3 43.3 52.9 47.2 35.6 40.6 68.3 62.0  Greater Than 1% Sulfur Content .. 35.1 40.5 31.1 31.9 31.2 32.7 37.6 43.0 40.7 29.2 36.6 57.6 49.8  Propane (Consumer Grade) ........... NA NA NA NA NA 77.6 76.6 88.6 87.8 77.4 78.1 104.8 109.4 

1 Sales for resale (wholesale sales) are those made to purchasers who are other than ultimate

consumers. Sales to end users are those made directly to the ultimate consumer, including bulkcustomers, such as agriculture, industry, and utilities, as well as residential and commercial customers.

2 See Note 6, "Historical Residential Heating Oil Prices," at end of section for historical data.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available.Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/petroleum.html for related

information.

Sources: • 1989-2004—Energy Information Administration 

reports. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Marketing Monthly (March 2Plant Operators’ Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report"; and Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report."
Figure 5.24 Retail Motor Gasoline and On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices

Motor Gasoline, All Grades, 1978-2005 Regular Motor Gasoline by Area Type and On-Motor Gasoline by Grade, 1949-2005 Motor Gasoline Price and Consumption, 1978-178 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1. 2 Any area that does not require the sale of reformulated gasoline.

3 “Reformulated Gasoline Areas” are ozone nonattainment 

mental Protection Agency that require the use of reformulate

4 All grades, in chained (2000) dollars.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 5.11 and 5.24.

Nominal

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0.000.751.502.253.00

Dollars per Gallon

2.24 2.34 

Conventional Reformulated Al

0.000.501.001.502.002.503.00

Nominal Dollars per Gallon

$2.34 in 2005

(Nominal)

Real1

Gasoline Areas2 Gasoline Areas3 

Regular Motor Gasoline

Unleaded

Premium

Leaded Regular

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0.000.501.001.502.002.503.00

Nominal Dollars per Gallon

1980 1985 1990 1

0.60.81.0

1.2

1.41.61.8

Index: 1978=1.0

Unleaded

Regular
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 5.24 Retail Motor Gasoline and On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Dollars per Gallon)

Year

Motor Gasoline by Grade Regular Motor Gas

Leaded Regular Unleaded Regular Unleaded Premium All Grades Conventional

Gasoline

Areas 3,4

Reform

Gas

Area

Nominal Real 

2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2

1949 0.27 1.64 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1950 0.27 1.62 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1955 0.29 1.55 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1960 0.31 1.48 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1965 0.31 1.39 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1970 0.36 1.30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1971 0.36 1.26 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1972 0.36 1.20 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1973 0.39 1.22 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1974 0.53 1.53 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1975 0.57 1.49 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA N1976 0.59 1.47 0.61 1.53 NA NA NA NA NA N1977 0.62 1.46 0.66 1.53 NA NA NA NA NA N1978 0.63 1.37 0.67 1.46 NA NA 0.65 1.43 NA N1979 0.86 1.73 0.90 1.82 NA NA 0.88 1.78 NA N1980 1.19 2.20 1.25 2.30 NA NA 1.22 2.26 NA N1981 1.31 2.22 1.38 2.33 1.47 2.49 1.35 2.29 NA N1982 1.22 1.95 1.30 2.07 1.42 2.26 1.28 2.04 NA N1983 1.16 1.77 1.24 1.90 1.38 2.12 1.23 1.88 NA N1984 1.13 1.67 1.21 1.79 1.37 2.02 1.20 1.77 NA N1985 1.12 1.60 1.20 1.72 1.34 1.92 1.20 1.72 NA N1986 0.86 1.20 0.93 1.30 1.09 1.52 0.93 1.31 NA N1987 0.90 1.23 0.95 1.30 1.09 1.49 0.96 1.31 NA N1988 0.90 1.19 0.95 1.25 1.11 1.46 0.96 1.27 NA N1989 1.00 1.27 1.02 1.30 1.20 1.52 1.06 1.35 NA N1990 1.15 1.41 1.16 1.43 1.35 1.65 1.22 1.49 NA N1991 NA NA 1.14 1.35 1.32 1.56 1.20 1.42 1.10 N1992 NA NA 1.13 1.31 1.32 1.52 1.19 1.38 1.09 N1993 NA NA 1.11 1.25 1.30 1.47 1.17 1.33 41.07 N1994 NA NA 1.11 1.23 1.31 1.45 1.17 1.30 1.07 N1995 NA NA 1.15 1.25 1.34 1.45 1.21 1.31 1.10 61.1996 NA NA 1.23 1.31 1.41 1.51 1.29 1.37 1.19 1.1997 NA NA 1.23 1.29 1.42 1.48 1.29 1.35 1.19 1.1998 NA NA 1.06 1.10 1.25 1.30 1.12 1.16 1.02 1.1999 NA NA 1.17 1.19 1.36 1.39 1.22 1.25 1.12 1.2000 NA NA 1.51 1.51 1.69 1.69 1.56 1.56 1.46 1.2001 NA NA 1.46 1.43 1.66 1.62 1.53 1.50 1.38 1.2002 NA NA 1.36 R1.30 1.56 R1.49 1.44 1.38 1.31 1.2003 NA NA 1.59 1.50 1.78 R1.67 1.64 R1.54 1.52 1.2004 NA NA 1.88 R1.72 2.07 R1.90 1.92 R1.76 1.81 1.2005 NA NA 2.30 2.05 2.49 2.22 2.34 2.09 2.24 2.

1 Nominal dollars. 2 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table

D1.

3 Any area that does not require the sale of reformulated gasoline. 4 For 1993-2000, data collected for oxygenated areas are included in "Conventional Gasoline Areas." 5 "Reformulated Gasoline Areas" are ozone nonattainment areas designated by the Environmental

Protection Agency that require the use of reformulated gasoline.

6 For 1995-2000, data collected for combined oxygenated and reformulated areas are included in

"Reformulated Gasoline Areas."

R=Revised. NA=Not available. 

Note: See "Motor Gasoline Grades," "Motor Gasoline, C

"Motor Gasoline, Reformulated" in Glossary.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas

Sources: Motor Gasoline by Grade: • 1949-1973—Pla

Edition. • 1974 forward—Energy Information Administration U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.SGasoline by Area Type: EIA, weighted annual averages oRegular Grade." On-Highway Diesel Fuel: EIA, weightOn-Highway Diesel Prices."
Petroleum

Note 1. Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption. Totalpetroleum products supplied is the sum of the products supplied for each petroleumproduct, crude oil, unfinished oils, and gasoline blending components. For each ofthese, except crude oil, product supplied is calculated by adding refineryproduction, natural gas plant liquids production, new supply of other liquids,imports, and stock withdrawals, and subtracting stock additions, refinery inputs, andexports. Crude oil product supplied is the sum of crude oil burned on leases and atpipeline pump stations as reported on Form EIA-813, “Monthly Crude Oil Report.”Prior to 1983, crude oil burned on leases and at pipeline pump stations was reportedas either distillate or residual fuel oil and was included as product supplied for theseproducts. Petroleum product supplied (see Table 5.11) is an approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with the term “Petroleum Consumption” inSection 1 and in Tables 5.13a-d. The sector allocation of product supplied in Tables5.13a-d for products used in more than one sector is derived from sales to ultimateconsumers by refiners, marketers, distributors, and dealers (see Energy InformationAdministration (EIA) report Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales) and from EIA electricpower sector petroleum consumption data (see Tables 8.7b and 8.7c).Note 2. Adjustment to Total Petroleum Products Supplied. Accurate calculation of the quantity of petroleum products supplied to the domestic market iscomplicated by the recycling of products at the refinery, the renaming of productsinvolved in a transfer, and the receipt of products from outside the primary supplysystem. Beginning in 1981, a single adjustment (always a negative quantity) is madeto total product supplied to correct this accounting problem. The calculation of this

adjustment, called “reclassified,” involves only unfinished oils and gasoline blending components. It is the sum of their net changes in primary stocks (net withdrawals is a plus quantity; net additions is a minus quantity) plus imports minus net inputto refineries.Note 3. Changes Affecting Petroleum Production and Product Supplied Statistics. Beginning in January 1981, several Energy Information Administration surveyforms and calculation methodologies were changed to reflect new developments inrefinery and blending plant practices and to improve data integrity. Those changesaffect production and product supplied statistics for motor gasoline, distillate fueloil, and residual fuel oil, and stocks of motor gasoline. On the basis of those

changes, motor gasoline production during the last haged 289,000 barrels per day higher than that which Distillate and residual fuel oil production and prowould have averaged, respectively, 105,000 and 54,0the numbers that were published.Note 4. Gross Input to Distillation Units. The mto Distillation Units (GIDU) in this report are as follestimated by summing annual crude oil runs to stilrefineries, and shipments of natural gasoline and plaprocessing plants to refineries. For 1967-1973, GIannual crude oil runs to stills, net unfinished oil rerungasoline and plant condensate. For 1974-1980, GIDU 1981 forward, GIDU is the sum of reported monthly dNote 5. Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Pripurchase prices were derived as follows: for 1949-19first purchase values as reported by State agencies aMines; for 1974 and 1975, weighted averages of a purchasers’ purchases; for 1976 forward, weighted apurchases.Note 6. Historical Residential Heating Oil Prices. for 1956 through 1986 were formerly published iThose data, in cents per gallon, are: 1956—151959—15.3; 1960—15.0; 1961—15.6; 1962—151965—16.0; 1966—16.4; 1967—16.9; 1968—171971—19.6; 1972—19.7; 1973—22.8; 1974—361977—46.0; 1978—49.0; 1979—70.4; 1980—97.41983—107.8; 1984—109.1; 1985—105.3; 1986—sources of these data are: 1956-1974—Bureau of LabIndexes of Fuels and Utilities for Residential 1975–September 1977—Federal Energy Administr“No. 2 Heating Oil Supply/Price Monitoring Repo1977—Energy Information Administration (EIA), FoSupply/Price Monitoring Report”; 1978 forward—Annual, Table 18.

180 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Natural Gas

6

Natural gas pipeline, El Paso County, Texas. Source: U.S. Department of Energy.

Diagram 3. Natural Gas Flow, 2005

(Trillion Cubic Feet)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

a Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines (primarily in compressors), and as fuel in

the delivery of natural gas to consumers; plus a small quantity used as vehicle fuel.

Notes: • Data are preliminary. • Values are derived f

publication. • Totals may not equal sum of components Sources: Tables 6.1, 6.2, and 6.5.
Figure 6.1 Natural Gas Overview

Overview, 1949-2005 Overview, 2005Storage Additions and Withdrawals, 1949-2005184 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 20051 Dry gas.2 Underground storage. For 1980-2004, also includes liquefied natural gas in above-ground

tanks.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be coSource: Table 6.1.

Production1

Additions to Storage2

Net Imports

Withdrawals from Storage2

Consumption

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

-5

05

10152025

-5

Trillion Cubic Feet

18.2

4.3

Production1 Imports Ex

05

10152025

Trillion Cubic Feet

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 19

0

1

2

34

Trillion Cubic Feet
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.1 Natural Gas Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Cubic Feet)

Year

Dry Gas

Production

Supplemental

Gaseous Fuels

Trade Storage 1 Activity

Imports Exports Net Imports 2 Withdrawals Additions Net Withdrawals 3 

1949 5,195 NA 0 20 -20 106 172 -66 1950 6,022 NA 0 26 -26 175 230 -54 1955 9,029 NA 11 31 -20 437 505 -68 1960 12,228 NA 156 11 144 713 844 -132 1965 15,286 NA 456 26 430 960 1,078 -118 1970 21,014 NA 821 70 751 1,459 1,857 -398 1971 21,610 NA 935 80 854 1,508 1,839 -332 1972 21,624 NA 1,019 78 941 1,757 1,893 -136 1973 21,731 NA 1,033 77 956 1,533 1,974 -442 1974 20,713 NA 959 77 882 1,701 1,784 -84 1975 19,236 NA 953 73 880 1,760 2,104 -344 1976 19,098 NA 964 65 899 1,921 1,756 165 1977 19,163 NA 1,011 56 955 1,750 2,307 -557 1978 19,122 NA 966 53 913 2,158 2,278 -120 1979 19,663 NA 1,253 56 1,198 2,047 2,295 -248 1980 19,403 155 985 49 936 1,972 1,949 23 1981 19,181 176 904 59 845 1,930 2,228 -297 1982 17,820 145 933 52 882 2,164 2,472 -308 1983 16,094 132 918 55 864 2,270 1,822 447 1984 17,466 110 843 55 788 2,098 2,295 -197 1985 16,454 126 950 55 894 2,397 2,163 235 1986 16,059 113 750 61 689 1,837 1,984 -147 1987 16,621 101 993 54 939 1,905 1,911 -6 1988 17,103 101 1,294 74 1,220 2,270 2,211 59 1989 17,311 107 1,382 107 1,275 2,854 2,528 326 1990 17,810 123 1,532 86 1,447 1,986 2,499 -513 1991 17,698 113 1,773 129 1,644 2,752 2,672 80 1992 17,840 118 2,138 216 1,921 2,772 2,599 173 1993 18,095 119 2,350 140 2,210 2,799 2,835 -36 1994 18,821 111 2,624 162 2,462 2,579 2,865 -286 1995 18,599 110 2,841 154 2,687 3,025 2,610 415 1996 18,854 109 2,937 153 2,784 2,981 2,979 2 1997 18,902 103 2,994 157 2,837 2,894 2,870 24 1998 19,024 102 3,152 159 2,993 2,432 2,961 -530 1999 18,832 98 3,586 163 3,422 2,808 2,636 172 2000 19,182 90 3,782 244 3,538 3,550 2,721 829 2001 19,616 86 3,977 373 3,604 2,344 3,510 -1,166 2002 18,928 68 4,015 516 3,499 3,180 2,713 467 2003 R19,099 68 R3,944 R680 R3,264 R3,161 R3,358 R-197 2004 R18,757 R68 4,259 854 3,404 R3,088 R3,202 R-114 2005P 18,215 70 4,285 787 3,498 3,048 2,998 50 

1 Underground storage. For 1980-2004, also includes liquefied natural gas in above-ground tanks. 2 Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater than imports. 3 Net withdrawals equal withdrawals minus additions. Minus sign indicates additions are greater than

withdrawals.

4 Quantities lost and imbalances in data due to differences among data sources. Since 1980, excludes

intransit shipments that cross the U.S.-Canada border (i.e., natural gas delivered to its destination via theother country).

5 For 1989-1992, a small amount of consumption at independent power producers may be counted in

both "Other Industrial" and "Electric Power Sector" on Table 6.5. See Note 1, "Natural Gas Deliveries toNonutilities, 1989-1992" at end of section.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. 

Notes: • Beginning with 1965, all volumes are shown on a p

prior years, the pressure base was 14.65 p.s.i.a. at 60° F. • Toto independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see htt

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/na

Sources: Dry Gas Production: Table 6.2. Supplementa

Information Administration (EIA), Natural Gas Annual (NGA), anGas Monthly (NGM) (March 2006), Table 2. Trade: Table 6.NGA, annual reports. • 2005—EIA, NGM (March 2006), Tconsumption minus dry gas production, supplemental gaseous Consumption: Table 6.5. 
Figure 6.2 Natural Gas Production

Gross Withdrawals and Dry Gas Production, 1949-2005 Production Flow, 2005

(Trillion Cubic Feet)Gross Withdrawals by Well Type, 2005

186 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Dry Gas

Production

1 Volume reduction resulting from the removal of natural gas plant liquids, which are transferred to petroleum supply. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be co

Source: Table 6.2.

Gross Withdrawals

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

05

1015202530

Trillion Cubic Feet

Nonhydrocarbon

Gases Removed

0.6

Vented

and Flared

0.1

Repressuring

3.7

Marketed

Production

19.1

Gross

Withdrawals

23.5

17.3

Natural Gas 

05

101520

Trillion Cubic Feet

Wells 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.2 Natural Gas Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Cubic Feet)

Year

Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals

Repressuring

Nonhydrocarbon

Gases Removed

Vented

and Flared

Marketed

Production

Natural Gas Wells Crude Oil Wells Total 

1949 4,986 2,561 7,547 1,273 NA 854 5,420 1950 5,603 2,876 8,480 1,397 NA 801 6,282 1955 7,842 3,878 11,720 1,541 NA 774 9,405 1960 10,853 4,234 15,088 1,754 NA 563 12,771 1965 13,524 4,440 17,963 1,604 NA 319 16,040 1970 18,595 5,192 23,786 1,376 NA 489 21,921 1971 18,925 5,163 24,088 1,310 NA 285 22,493 1972 19,043 4,974 24,016 1,236 NA 248 22,532 1973 19,372 4,696 24,067 1,171 NA 248 22,648 1974 18,669 4,181 22,850 1,080 NA 169 21,601 1975 17,380 3,723 21,104 861 NA 134 20,109 1976 17,191 3,753 20,944 859 NA 132 19,952 1977 17,416 3,681 21,097 935 NA 137 20,025 1978 17,394 3,915 21,309 1,181 NA 153 19,974 1979 18,034 3,849 21,883 1,245 NA 167 20,471 1980 17,573 4,297 21,870 1,365 199 125 20,180 1981 17,337 4,251 21,587 1,312 222 98 19,956 1982 15,809 4,463 20,272 1,388 208 93 18,582 1983 14,153 4,506 18,659 1,458 222 95 16,884 1984 15,513 4,754 20,267 1,630 224 108 18,304 1985 14,535 5,071 19,607 1,915 326 95 17,270 1986 14,154 4,977 19,131 1,838 337 98 16,859 1987 14,807 5,333 20,140 2,208 376 124 17,433 1988 15,467 5,532 20,999 2,478 460 143 17,918 1989 15,709 5,366 21,074 2,475 362 142 18,095 1990 16,054 5,469 21,523 2,489 289 150 18,594 1991 16,018 5,732 21,750 2,772 276 170 18,532 1992 16,165 5,967 22,132 2,973 280 168 18,712 1993 16,691 6,035 22,726 3,103 414 227 18,982 1994 17,351 6,230 23,581 3,231 412 228 19,710 1995 17,282 6,462 23,744 3,565 388 284 19,506 1996 17,737 6,376 24,114 3,511 518 272 19,812 1997 17,844 6,369 24,213 3,492 599 256 19,866 1998 17,729 6,380 24,108 3,427 617 103 19,961 1999 17,590 6,233 23,823 3,293 615 110 19,805 2000 17,726 6,448 24,174 3,380 505 91 20,198 2001 18,129 6,371 24,501 3,371 463 97 20,570 2002 17,795 6,146 23,941 3,455 502 99 19,885 2003 R17,882 6,237 R24,119 3,548 499 98 R19,974 2004 R17,994 R6,062 R24,055 R3,702 R572 R98 R19,684 2005 E17,302 E6,207 P23,509 P3,662 P635 P98 P19,115 

1 Volume reduction resulting from the removal of natural gas plant liquids, which are transferred to

petroleum supply (see Tables 5.1 and 5.10).

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. Notes: • Beginning with 1965 data, all volumes are shown on a pressure base of 14.73 p.s.i.a. at 60° F. 

For prior years, the pressure base was 14.65 p.s.i.a. at 60° F. • Totals may not equal sum of componentsdue to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see htt

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/na

Sources: Natural Gas Wells and Crude Oil Wells: • 

Yearbook, "Natural Gas" chapter. • 1967-2004—Energy InfoAnnual (NGA), annual reports. • 2005—EIA estimates. All Othreports. • 2001 forward—EIA, Natural Gas Monthly (March 200
Figure 6.3 Natural Gas Imports, Exports, and Net Imports

Trade Overview, 1949-2005Trade, 2005 Net Imports as Share of Consumption, 1958-20188 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 20051 Liquefied natural gas.2 Egypt, Malaysia, Nigeria, Qatar, Oman, and Mexico.

3 Pipeline and liquefied natural gas.

Source: Table 6.3.

and

Tobago1

Imports by Selected Country of Origin

Imports from Canada

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

1

2

345

Trillion Cubic Feet

Total Imports

4.2% in 

3.65

0.44

0.10 0.10

0.36 0.36

0.07

Canada Trinidad Algeria1 Other2 Canada Mexico3 Japan1

0

1

2

345

Trillion Cubic Feet

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

05

101520

Percent

,

3

Exports by

Country of Destination
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.3 Natural Gas Imports, Exports, and Net Imports, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Cubic Feet, Except as Noted)

Year

Imports by Country of Origin Exports by Country of Destination 

Algeria 2 Australia 2 Canada 3 Mexico 3 Nigeria 2 Oman 2 Qatar 2

Trinidad

and Tobago 2 Total 4 Canada 3 Japan 2 Mexico 3 Tot

1949 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (s) 0 20 1950 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 23 1955 0 0 11 (s) 0 0 0 0 11 11 0 20 1960 0 0 109 47 0 0 0 0 156 6 0 6 1965 0 0 405 52 0 0 0 0 456 18 0 8 1970 1 0 779 41 0 0 0 0 821 11 44 15 1971 1 0 912 21 0 0 0 0 935 14 50 16 1972 2 0 1,009 8 0 0 0 0 1,019 16 48 15 1973 3 0 1,028 2 0 0 0 0 1,033 15 48 14 1974 0 0 959 (s) 0 0 0 0 959 13 50 13 1975 5 0 948 0 0 0 0 0 953 10 53 9 1976 10 0 954 0 0 0 0 0 964 8 50 7 1977 11 0 997 2 0 0 0 0 1,011 (s) 52 4 1978 84 0 881 0 0 0 0 0 966 (s) 48 4 1979 253 0 1,001 0 0 0 0 0 1,253 (s) 51 4 1980 86 0 797 102 0 0 0 0 985 (s) 45 4 1981 37 0 762 105 0 0 0 0 904 (s) 56 3 1982 55 0 783 95 0 0 0 0 933 (s) 50 2 1983 131 0 712 75 0 0 0 0 918 (s) 53 2 1984 36 0 755 52 0 0 0 0 843 (s) 53 2 1985 24 0 926 0 0 0 0 0 950 (s) 53 2 1986 0 0 749 0 0 0 0 0 750 9 50 2 1987 0 0 993 0 0 0 0 0 993 3 49 2 1988 17 0 1,276 0 0 0 0 0 1,294 20 52 2 1989 42 0 1,339 0 0 0 0 0 1,382 38 51 17 11990 84 0 1,448 0 0 0 0 0 1,532 17 53 16 1991 64 0 1,710 0 0 0 0 0 1,773 15 54 60 11992 43 0 2,094 0 0 0 0 0 2,138 68 53 96 21993 82 0 2,267 2 0 0 0 0 2,350 45 56 40 11994 51 0 2,566 7 0 0 0 0 2,624 53 63 47 11995 18 0 2,816 7 0 0 0 0 2,841 28 65 61 11996 35 0 2,883 14 0 0 0 0 2,937 52 68 34 11997 66 10 2,899 17 0 0 0 0 2,994 56 62 38 11998 69 12 3,052 15 0 0 0 0 3,152 40 66 53 11999 76 12 3,368 55 0 0 20 51 3,586 39 64 61 12000 47 6 3,544 12 13 10 46 99 3,782 73 66 106 22001 65 2 3,729 10 38 12 23 98 3,977 167 66 141 32002 27 0 3,785 2 8 3 35 151 4,015 189 63 263 52003 53 0 R3,437 0 50 9 14 378 R3,944 R271 R66 R343 R62004 120 15 3,607 0 12 9 12 462 4,259 395 62 397 82005P 97 0 3,654 1 8 2 3 439 4,285 364 65 358 7

1 Net imports equal imports minus exports. 2 As liquefied natural gas. 3 By pipeline, except for very small amounts of liquefied natural gas imported from Canada in 1973,

1977, and 1981 and exported to Mexico beginning in 1998.

4 Included in the total but not shown separately are liquefied natural gas imports from Brunei in 2002;

Egypt in 2005; Indonesia in 1986 and 2000; Malaysia in 1999 and 2002 forward; and United ArabEmirates in 1996-2000.

5 Not meaningful because there were net exports during this year.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5 billion cubic feet. 

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepenWeb Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://w

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natu

Sources: Percent of U.S. Consumption: Calculated. Al

Information Administration (EIA), Office of Oil and Gas, Reserves data. • 1955-1971—EIA, Federal Power Commission, by telepho"Annual Report for Importers and Exporters of Natural Gas." • annual reports. • 2001 forward—EIA, Natural Gas Monthly (Marc
Figure 6.4 Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Natural Gas Well Productivity, 1960-2005

Gross Withdrawals by Location Number of Producing WellsGross Withdrawals by State and Federal Gulf of Mexico Natural Gas Well Average Productivity190 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

05

10152025

Trillion Cubic Feet (Cumulative) 1 Through 1996, includes gross withdrawals in Federal offshore areas of the Gulf of Mexico;

beginning in 1997, these are included in “Federal Gulf of Mexico.”

2 Gulf of Mexico.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be coSource: Table 6.4.

Onshore

Total

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

0

100200300400500

Thousands

Offshore

Peak productivity: 4

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0369

12

Trillion Cubic Feet Louisiana1

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

0

100200300400500

Thousand Cubic Feet per Day per Well

Other

States

Texas1

Federal

O GOM2 klahoma
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.4 Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals and Natural Gas Well Productivity, 1960-2005

 (Billion Cubic Feet, Except as Noted)

Year

Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals From Crude Oil and Natural Gas Wells Na

State Location

Total

Gross

Withdrawals

From

Natural Gas We

Texas 

1 Louisiana 1 Oklahoma

Other

States 1

Federal

Gulf of Mexico 2 Onshore 3 Offshore 4

1960 6,965 3,313 1,133 3,677 2 ( ) 14,815 273 15,088 10,853 1961 7,020 3,571 1,160 3,710 2 ( ) 15,142 318 15,460 11,195 1962 7,199 3,854 1,222 3,764 2 ( ) 15,587 452 16,039 11,702 1963 7,452 4,250 1,347 3,924 2 ( ) 16,409 564 16,973 12,606 1964 7,622 4,515 1,423 3,975 2 ( ) 16,914 622 17,536 13,106 1965 7,741 4,764 1,414 4,044 2 ( ) 17,318 646 17,963 13,524 1966 7,935 5,365 1,502 4,232 2 ( ) 18,026 1,007 19,034 13,894 1967 8,292 6,087 1,621 4,252 2 ( ) 19,065 1,187 20,252 15,345 1968 8,566 6,778 1,607 4,375 2 ( ) 19,801 1,524 21,325 16,540 1969 8,915 7,561 1,742 4,462 2 ( ) 20,725 1,954 22,679 17,489 1970 9,399 8,076 1,811 4,501 2 ( ) 21,368 2,419 23,786 18,595 1971 9,519 8,319 1,809 4,442 2 ( ) 21,311 2,777 24,088 18,925 1972 9,550 8,160 1,928 4,378 2 ( ) 20,978 3,039 24,016 19,043 1973 9,290 8,491 1,890 4,396 2 ( ) 20,856 3,212 24,067 19,372 1974 8,859 7,920 1,757 4,314 2 ( ) 19,335 3,515 22,850 18,669 1975 7,989 7,242 1,721 4,152 2 ( ) 17,555 3,549 21,104 17,380 1976 7,666 7,143 1,842 4,293 2 ( ) 17,348 3,596 20,944 17,191 1977 7,496 7,351 1,888 4,362 2 ( ) 17,165 3,932 21,097 17,416 1978 6,988 7,639 1,892 4,790 2 ( ) 16,953 4,356 21,309 17,394 1979 7,594 7,359 1,958 4,973 2 ( ) 17,061 4,822 21,883 18,034 1980 7,656 7,008 2,019 5,187 2 ( ) 16,967 4,902 21,870 17,573 1981 7,452 6,830 2,019 5,287 2 ( ) 16,597 4,991 21,587 17,337 1982 6,976 6,217 1,985 5,094 2 ( ) 15,499 4,773 20,272 15,809 1983 6,429 5,379 1,780 5,071 2 ( ) 14,477 4,182 18,659 14,153 1984 6,712 5,888 2,046 5,620 2 ( ) 15,560 4,707 20,267 15,513 1985 6,577 5,218 1,993 5,818 2 ( ) 15,421 4,186 19,607 14,535 1986 6,656 4,965 1,972 5,538 2 ( ) 14,945 4,186 19,131 14,154 1987 6,688 5,205 2,073 6,174 2 ( ) 15,468 4,672 20,140 14,807 1988 6,919 5,248 2,167 6,665 2 ( ) 16,253 4,747 20,999 15,467 1989 6,881 5,143 2,237 6,813 2 ( ) 16,303 4,771 21,074 15,709 1990 6,907 5,303 2,258 7,054 2 ( ) 16,476 5,047 21,523 16,054 1991 6,846 5,100 2,154 7,651 2 ( ) 16,900 4,850 21,750 16,018 1992 6,708 4,977 2,017 8,429 2 ( ) 17,361 4,772 22,132 16,165 1993 6,817 5,047 2,050 8,812 2 ( ) 17,960 4,766 22,726 16,691 1994 6,912 5,226 1,935 9,508 2 ( ) 18,585 4,996 23,581 17,351 1995 6,873 5,163 1,812 9,896 2 ( ) 18,802 4,942 23,744 17,282 1996 7,028 5,351 1,735 9,999 2 ( ) 18,867 5,246 24,114 17,737 1997 15,730 11,538 1,704 19,999 5,242 18,897 5,316 24,213 17,844 1998 5,799 1,579 1,669 9,950 5,110 18,923 5,185 24,108 17,729 1999 5,575 1,599 1,594 10,002 5,053 18,692 5,131 23,823 17,590 2000 5,723 1,485 1,613 10,386 4,968 19,130 5,044 24,174 17,726 2001 5,752 1,525 1,615 10,542 5,066 19,364 5,137 24,501 18,129 2002 5,661 1,382 1,582 10,769 4,548 19,326 4,615 23,941 17,795 2003 5,791 1,378 1,558 R10,944 4,447 R19,614 4,505 R24,119 R17,882 2004 R5,734 R1,381 R1,663 R11,211 R4,066 R19,994 R4,061 R24,055 R17,994 2005 E5,603 E1,350 E1,566 E10,752 E4,238 E19,212 E4,297 P23,509 E17,302 

1 Through 1996, includes gross withdrawals in Federal offshore areas of the Gulf of Mexico; beginning in

1997, these are included in "Federal Gulf of Mexico."

2 Gross withdrawals from Federal offshore areas of the Gulf of Mexico. Through 1996, these gross

withdrawals are included in "Texas," "Louisiana," and "Other States."

3 Includes State offshore gross withdrawals. 4 Excludes State offshore gross withdrawals; includes Federal offshore (Outer Continental Shelf) gross

withdrawals.

5 As of December 31 each year.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natural_gas/info_glance/natural_gas.html for related

information.

Sources: Offshore: • 1960-1981—U.S. Geological Survey

Service, Mineral Revenues—The 1989 Report on Receiptpredecessor annual reports. • 1986-2004—Energy Informatio(NGA), annual reports. • 2005—EIA estimate. Total (Gross annual reports. • 2001 forward—EIA, Natural Gas Monthly (MaCalculated as gross withdrawals from natural gas wells divided divided by the number of days in the year. All Other Data: • Production and Consumption. • 1967-2004—EIA, NGA, • 2005—EIA estimates.
Figure 6.5 Natural Gas Consumption by Sector

By Sector, 1949-2005By Sector, 2005 End Use and Electric Power Shares, 1950 and 192 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Electric Power3

Transportation2

Com

Residential

1 Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of electricity-only plants.2 Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines (primarily in compressors), and as fuel in

the delivery of natural gas to consumers; plus a small quantity used as vehicle fuel.

3 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants whose 

tricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.Source: Table 6.5.

Industrial1

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

2

468

10

12

Trillion Cubic Feet

4.8

3.1

7.7

0.6

5.8

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 Transportation2 Electric

0

2

468

10

Trillion Cubic Feet 22

14

35

21

7

59

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 

0

255075

Percent

Power3 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.5 Natural Gas Consumption by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Cubic Feet)

Year

Residential

Sector

Commercial Sector Industrial Sector Transportation Sector 

CHP 

2 Other 3 Total

Lease and

Plant Fuel

Other Industrial

Total

Pipelines 6

and Distribution 7 Vehicle Fuel 8 Total Elect

CHP On

4 Non-CHP 5 Total

1949 993 9 ( ) 348 348 835 10 ( ) 2,245 2,245 3,081 NA NA NA 51950 1,198 9 ( ) 388 388 928 10 ( ) 2,498 2,498 3,426 126 NA 126 61955 2,124 9 ( ) 629 629 1,131 10 ( ) 3,411 3,411 4,542 245 NA 245 1,11960 3,103 9 ( ) 1,020 1,020 1,237 10 ( ) 4,535 4,535 5,771 347 NA 347 1,71965 3,903 9 ( ) 1,444 1,444 1,156 10 ( ) 5,955 5,955 7,112 501 NA 501 2,31970 4,837 9 ( ) 2,399 2,399 1,399 10 ( ) 7,851 7,851 9,249 722 NA 722 3,91971 4,972 9 ( ) 2,509 2,509 1,414 10 ( ) 8,181 8,181 9,594 743 NA 743 3,91972 5,126 9 ( ) 2,608 2,608 1,456 10 ( ) 8,169 8,169 9,624 766 NA 766 3,91973 4,879 9 ( ) 2,597 2,597 1,496 10 ( ) 8,689 8,689 10,185 728 NA 728 3,61974 4,786 9 ( ) 2,556 2,556 1,477 10 ( ) 8,292 8,292 9,769 669 NA 669 3,41975 4,924 9 ( ) 2,508 2,508 1,396 10 ( ) 6,968 6,968 8,365 583 NA 583 3,11976 5,051 9 ( ) 2,668 2,668 1,634 10 ( ) 6,964 6,964 8,598 548 NA 548 3,01977 4,821 9 ( ) 2,501 2,501 1,659 10 ( ) 6,815 6,815 8,474 533 NA 533 3,11978 4,903 9 ( ) 2,601 2,601 1,648 10 ( ) 6,757 6,757 8,405 530 NA 530 3,11979 4,965 9 ( ) 2,786 2,786 1,499 10 ( ) 6,899 6,899 8,398 601 NA 601 3,41980 4,752 9 ( ) 2,611 2,611 1,026 10 ( ) 7,172 7,172 8,198 635 NA 635 3,61981 4,546 9 ( ) 2,520 2,520 928 10 ( ) 7,128 7,128 8,055 642 NA 642 3,61982 4,633 9 ( ) 2,606 2,606 1,109 10 ( ) 5,831 5,831 6,941 596 NA 596 3,21983 4,381 9 ( ) 2,433 2,433 978 10 ( ) 5,643 5,643 6,621 490 NA 490 2,91984 4,555 9 ( ) 2,524 2,524 1,077 10 ( ) 6,154 6,154 7,231 529 NA 529 3,11985 4,433 9 ( ) 2,432 2,432 966 10 ( ) 5,901 5,901 6,867 504 NA 504 3,01986 4,314 9 ( ) 2,318 2,318 923 10 ( ) 5,579 5,579 6,502 485 NA 485 2,61987 4,315 9 ( ) 2,430 2,430 1,149 10 ( ) 5,953 5,953 7,103 519 NA 519 2,81988 4,630 9 ( ) 2,670 2,670 1,096 10 ( ) 6,383 6,383 7,479 614 NA 614 2,61989 4,781 30 2,688 2,718 1,070 914 115,903 116,816 7,886 629 NA 629 112,71990 4,391 46 2,576 2,623 1,236 1,055 115,963 117,018 8,255 660 (s) 660 112,71991 4,556 52 2,676 2,729 1,129 1,061 116,170 117,231 8,360 601 (s) 602 112,81992 4,690 62 2,740 2,803 1,171 1,107 116,420 117,527 8,698 588 2 590 112,81993 4,956 65 2,796 2,862 1,172 1,124 6,576 7,700 8,872 624 3 627 2,71994 4,848 72 2,823 2,895 1,124 1,176 6,613 7,790 8,913 685 3 689 3,01995 4,850 78 2,953 3,031 1,220 1,258 6,906 8,164 9,384 700 5 705 3,21996 5,241 82 3,076 3,158 1,250 1,289 7,146 8,435 9,685 711 6 718 2,81997 4,984 87 3,128 3,215 1,203 1,282 7,229 8,511 9,714 751 8 760 3,01998 4,520 87 2,912 2,999 1,173 1,355 6,965 8,320 9,493 635 9 645 3,51999 4,726 84 2,961 3,045 1,079 1,401 6,678 8,079 9,158 645 12 657 3,72000 4,996 85 3,098 3,182 1,151 1,386 6,757 8,142 9,293 642 13 655 4,02001 4,771 79 2,944 3,023 1,119 1,310 6,035 7,344 8,463 625 15 640 4,12002 4,889 74 3,070 3,144 1,113 1,240 6,267 7,507 8,620 667 15 682 4,22003 R5,079 58 R3,121 R3,179 R1,122 1,144 R6,007 R7,150 R8,273 R591 18 R610 3,72004 R4,885 R72 R3,070 R3,142 R1,098 R1,191 R6,060 R7,251 R8,349 R572 R21 R592 R4,12005P 4,837 65 2,990 3,054 1,066 938 5,706 6,644 7,710 560 22 583 4,5

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the

public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities andindependent power producers. Electric utility CHP plants are included in "Electricity Only." 2 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of commercial electricity-only plants. 3 All commercial sector fuel use other than that in "Commercial CHP." 4 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of industrial electricity-only plants. 5 All industrial sector fuel use other than that in "Lease and Plant Fuel" and "Industrial CHP." 6 Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines, primarily in compressors. 7 Natural gas used as fuel in the delivery of natural gas to consumers. 8 Vehicle fuel data do not reflect revised data shown in Table 10.7. See Note 2, "Natural Gas VehicleFuel," at end of section.

9 Included in "Commercial Other."

10 Included in "Industrial Non-CHP."11 For 1989-1992, a small amount of consumption at independent power producers may be counted in

both "Other Industrial" and "Electric Power Sector." See Note 1, "Natural Gas Deliveries to Nonutilities,1989-1992" at end of section.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 billion cubic feet. Notes: • Data are for natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be

identified separately. • See Tables 8.5a-8.5d for the amount 

Tables 8.6a-8.6c for the amount of natural gas used to prod"Natural Gas Consumption," at end of section. • Beginning wibase of 14.73 p.s.i.a. at 60° F. For prior years, the pr• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independen

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/n

Sources: Residential, Commercial Total, Lease and Plan

and Distribution: • 1949-2000—Energy Information Admiannual reports and unpublished revisions. • 2001 forward—ETable 3. Commercial CHP and Industrial CHP: Table 8.7c. 2000 (November 2001), Table 95. • 1992-1998—EIA, "Alt1999" (October 1999), Table 10, and "Alternatives to Tradi2004), Table 10. Data for compressed natural gas and liquefwere converted to cubic feet by multiplying by the motor gadividing by the natural gas end-use sectors conversion factor (sannual reports. • 2001 forward—EIA, NGM (March 2006), Ta8.5c, 8.6b, and 8.7b. All Other Data: Calculated.
Figure 6.6 Natural Gas Underground Storage

Underground Storage, 1954-2005 Underground Storage Capacity, 1975-2005Base Gas and Working Gas in Underground Storage, 1954-2005 End-of-Year Storage as a Share of Total Consu194 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 20051 Working-gas and base-gas data were not collected in 1959, 1960, and 1961. Notes: • Storage is at end of year. • Because vertical s

compared. Sources: Tables 6.5 and 6.6.

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

2

468

Trillion Cubic Feet

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

2

468

10

Trillion Cubic Feet

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

1

2

345

Trillion Cubic Feet

P

40% 

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 19

0

1020304050

Percent

Base Gas1

Working Gas2
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.6 Natural Gas Underground Storage, 1954-2005

 (Billion Cubic Feet)

Year

Natural Gas in Underground Storage

Base Gas 1 Working Gas Total

Traditonal Storage Salt Caverns Total Traditonal Storage Salt Caverns Total Traditonal Storage Salt Caverns 

1954 NA NA 817 NA NA 465 NA NA 1955 NA NA 863 NA NA 505 NA NA 1956 NA NA 919 NA NA 583 NA NA 1957 NA NA 1,001 NA NA 673 NA NA 1958 NA NA 1,056 NA NA 708 NA NA 1959 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1960 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1961 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1962 NA NA 1,571 NA NA 933 NA NA 1963 NA NA 1,738 NA NA 1,007 NA NA 1964 NA NA 1,781 NA NA 1,159 NA NA 1965 NA NA 1,848 NA NA 1,242 NA NA 1966 NA NA 1,958 NA NA 1,267 NA NA 1967 NA NA 2,058 NA NA 1,318 NA NA 1968 NA NA 2,128 NA NA 1,366 NA NA 1969 NA NA 2,181 NA NA 1,421 NA NA 1970 NA NA 2,326 NA NA 1,678 NA NA 1971 NA NA 2,485 NA NA 1,840 NA NA 1972 NA NA 2,751 NA NA 1,729 NA NA 1973 NA NA 2,864 NA NA 2,034 NA NA 1974 NA NA 2,912 NA NA 2,050 NA NA 1975 NA NA 3,162 NA NA 2,212 NA NA 1976 NA NA 3,323 NA NA 1,926 NA NA 1977 NA NA 3,391 NA NA 2,475 NA NA 1978 NA NA 3,473 NA NA 2,547 NA NA 1979 NA NA 3,553 NA NA 2,753 NA NA 1980 NA NA 3,642 NA NA 2,655 NA NA 1981 NA NA 3,752 NA NA 2,817 NA NA 1982 NA NA 3,808 NA NA 3,071 NA NA 1983 NA NA 3,847 NA NA 2,595 NA NA 1984 NA NA 3,830 NA NA 2,876 NA NA 1985 NA NA 3,842 NA NA 2,607 NA NA 1986 NA NA 3,819 NA NA 2,749 NA NA 1987 NA NA 3,792 NA NA 2,756 NA NA 1988 NA NA 3,800 NA NA 2,850 NA NA 1989 NA NA 3,812 NA NA 2,513 NA NA 1990 NA NA 3,868 NA NA 3,068 NA NA 1991 NA NA 3,954 NA NA 2,824 NA NA 1992 NA NA 4,044 NA NA 2,597 NA NA 1993 NA NA 4,327 NA NA 2,322 NA NA 1994 4,317 44 4,360 2,536 70 2,606 6,853 113 1995 4,290 60 4,349 2,082 72 2,153 6,371 131 1996 4,277 64 4,341 2,087 85 2,173 6,364 149 1997 4,283 67 4,350 2,092 83 2,175 6,375 150 1998 4,259 67 4,326 2,626 104 2,730 6,884 171 1999 4,314 69 4,383 2,423 100 2,523 6,738 169 2000 4,282 70 4,352 1,647 72 1,719 5,929 142 2001 4,224 77 4,301 2,789 115 2,904 7,013 191 2002 4,265 75 4,340 2,273 102 2,375 6,539 177 2003 4,227 76 4,303 2,438 125 2,563 6,665 201 2004 4,129 72 4,201 2,598 98 2,696 6,727 170 2005P 4,122 78 4,200 2,513 123 2,635 6,635 201 

1 Includes native gas.

P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Notes: • Storage and capacity are at end of year. • Beginning with 1965, all volumes are shown on a

pressure base of 14.73 p.s.i.a. at 60° F. For prior years, the pressure base was 14.65 p.s.i.a. at 60° F.

• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natural_gas/info_glance/natural_gas.html for related

information.

Sources: • 1954-1974—American Gas Association, Gas 

Administration, Form FEA-G318-M-O, "Underground Gas Commission, Form FPC-8, "Underground Gas Storage RepAdministration (EIA), Form EIA-191, "Underground Gas StoragCommission, Form FERC-8, "Underground Gas Storage RepMonthly (NGM), monthly reports, and Natural Gas Annual, an2006), Tables 9, 11, and 12, and Form EIA-191M, "Monthly Und
Figure 6.7 Natural Gas Wellhead, City Gate, and Imports Prices

Wellhead, City Gate, and Imports, 2005 Wellhead, City Gate, and Imports, 1949-2005Wellhead, 1949-2005 Imports, 1972-2005196 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators.

See Table D1.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be coSource: Table 6.7.

Import

7.51

8.64

7.93

Wellhead City Gate Imports

0

2

468

10

Nominal Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet 

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0369

Nominal Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet Real1

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0369

Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet Real1 Nominal Nomin
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.7 Natural Gas Wellhead, City Gate, and Imports Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet)

Year

Wellhead 1 City Gate 2 

Nominal Real 3 Nominal Real 3 Nominal 

1949 0.06 0.37 NA NA NA 1950 0.07 0.42 NA NA NA 1955 0.10 0.53 NA NA NA 1960 0.14 0.67 NA NA NA 1965 0.16 0.71 NA NA NA 1970 0.17 0.62 NA NA NA 1971 0.18 0.62 NA NA NA 1972 0.19 0.63 NA NA 0.31 1973 0.22 0.69 NA NA 0.35 1974 0.30 0.86 NA NA 0.55 1975 0.44 1.16 NA NA 1.21 1976 0.58 1.44 NA NA 1.72 1977 0.79 1.85 NA NA 1.98 1978 0.91 1.99 NA NA 2.13 1979 1.18 2.38 NA NA 2.49 1980 1.59 2.94 NA NA 4.28 1981 1.98 3.35 NA NA 4.88 1982 2.46 3.92 NA NA 5.03 1983 2.59 3.97 NA NA 4.78 1984 2.66 3.93 3.95 5.84 4.08 1985 2.51 3.60 3.75 5.38 3.21 1986 1.94 2.72 3.22 4.52 2.43 1987 1.67 2.28 2.87 3.92 1.95 1988 1.69 2.23 2.92 3.86 1.84 1989 1.69 2.15 3.01 3.83 1.82 1990 1.71 2.10 3.03 3.71 1.94 1991 1.64 1.94 2.90 3.43 1.83 1992 1.74 2.01 3.01 3.48 1.85 1993 2.04 2.31 3.21 3.63 2.03 1994 1.85 2.05 3.07 3.40 1.87 1995 1.55 1.68 2.78 3.02 1.49 1996 2.17 2.31 3.34 3.56 1.97 1997 2.32 2.43 3.66 3.84 2.17 1998 1.96 2.03 3.07 3.18 1.97 1999 2.19 2.24 3.10 3.17 2.24 2000 3.68 3.68 4.62 4.62 3.95 2001 4.00 3.91 5.72 5.59 4.43 2002 2.95 2.83 4.12 R3.95 3.15 2003 4.88 R4.59 5.85 R5.50 5.17 2004 R5.46 R5.00 6.65 R6.10 5.81 2005P 7.51 6.70 8.64 7.71 E7.93 

1 See "Natural Gas Wellhead Price" in Glossary. 2 See "City Gate" in Glossary. 3 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Appendix Table D1.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/natgas.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natural_gas/info_glance/natural_gas.html.

Sources: Wellhead and City Gate: • 1949-2000—Energy 

Gas Annual (NGA), annual reports. • 2001 forward—EIA, NTable 4. Imports: • 1972 and 1973—Federal Power CommissNatural Gas—Imports and Exports of LNG. • 1974-1976—FNatural Gas, annual reports. • 1977-2000—EIA, NGA, annual 2006), Table 6. • 2005—EIA estimate.
Figure 6.8 Natural Gas Prices by Sector

Nominal Prices, 2005 Real Prices5, Indexed, 1980-2005

Real Prices5, 1967-2005

198 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 20051 Based on 97.6 percent of volume delivered.2 Based on 80.5 percent of volume delivered.3 Based on 23.6 percent of volume delivered.4 Based on 89.1 percent of volume delivered.

5 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross dome

See Table D1.Source: Table 6.8.

1980 1985 1990 199

0.000.501.001.502.00

Index: 1980=1.00

12.82

11.57

8.48 8.45

Residential1 Commercial2 Industrial3 Electric

0369

12

15

Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet

Power4

ResidentialIndustrial

Commercial

Electric Power

Vehicle Fuel

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 

0

2

468

10

12

Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 6.8 Natural Gas Prices by Sector, 1967-2005

 (Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet)

Year

Residential Sector Commercial Sector 1 Industrial Sector 2 Transportation Sector 

Prices Percentage

of

Sector 6

Prices Percentage

of

Sector 6

Prices Percentage

of

Sector 6

Vehicle Fuel 3 Prices 

Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 

1967 1.04 4.35 NA 0.74 3.10 NA 0.34 1.42 NA NA NA 1968 1.04 4.17 NA 0.73 2.93 NA 0.34 1.36 NA NA NA 1969 1.05 4.02 NA 0.74 2.83 NA 0.35 1.34 NA NA NA 1970 1.09 3.96 NA 0.77 2.80 NA 0.37 1.34 NA NA NA 1971 1.15 3.98 NA 0.82 2.84 NA 0.41 1.42 NA NA NA 1972 1.21 4.01 NA 0.88 2.92 NA 0.45 1.49 NA NA NA 1973 1.29 4.05 NA 0.94 2.95 NA 0.50 1.57 NA NA NA 1974 1.43 4.12 NA 1.07 3.08 NA 0.67 1.93 NA NA NA 1975 1.71 4.50 NA 1.35 3.55 NA 0.96 2.53 NA NA NA 1976 1.98 4.93 NA 1.64 4.08 NA 1.24 3.08 NA NA NA 1977 2.35 5.50 NA 2.04 4.77 NA 1.50 3.51 NA NA NA 1978 2.56 5.59 NA 2.23 4.87 NA 1.70 3.72 NA NA NA 1979 2.98 6.01 NA 2.73 5.51 NA 1.99 4.02 NA NA NA 1980 3.68 6.81 NA 3.39 6.27 NA 2.56 4.74 NA NA NA 1981 4.29 7.26 NA 4.00 6.77 NA 3.14 5.31 NA NA NA 1982 5.17 8.24 NA 4.82 7.68 NA 3.87 6.17 85.1 NA NA 1983 6.06 9.29 NA 5.59 8.57 NA 4.18 6.41 80.7 NA NA 1984 6.12 9.05 NA 5.55 8.20 NA 4.22 6.24 74.7 NA NA 1985 6.12 8.78 NA 5.50 7.89 NA 3.95 5.67 68.8 NA NA 1986 5.83 8.18 NA 5.08 7.13 NA 3.23 4.53 59.8 NA NA 1987 5.54 7.57 NA 4.77 6.52 93.1 2.94 4.02 47.4 NA NA 1988 5.47 7.23 NA 4.63 6.12 90.7 2.95 3.90 42.6 NA NA 1989 5.64 7.18 99.9 4.74 6.03 89.1 2.96 3.77 36.9 NA NA 1990 5.80 7.11 99.3 4.83 5.92 86.6 2.93 3.59 35.2 3.39 4.15 1991 5.82 6.89 99.2 4.81 5.70 85.1 2.69 3.19 32.7 3.96 4.69 1992 5.89 6.82 99.1 4.88 5.65 83.2 2.84 3.29 30.3 4.05 4.69 1993 6.16 6.97 99.1 5.22 5.91 83.9 3.07 3.47 29.7 4.27 4.83 1994 6.41 7.10 99.1 5.44 6.03 79.3 3.05 3.38 25.5 4.11 4.55 1995 6.06 6.58 99.1 5.05 5.48 76.7 2.71 2.94 24.5 3.98 4.32 1996 6.34 6.76 99.1 5.40 5.75 77.6 3.42 3.64 19.4 4.34 4.62 1997 6.94 7.27 98.8 5.80 6.08 70.8 3.59 3.76 18.1 4.44 4.65 1998 6.82 7.07 97.7 5.48 5.68 67.0 3.14 3.25 16.1 4.59 4.76 1999 6.69 6.84 95.2 5.33 5.45 66.1 3.12 3.19 18.8 4.34 4.43 2000 7.76 7.76 92.6 6.59 6.59 63.9 4.45 4.45 19.8 5.54 5.54 2001 9.63 9.40 92.4 8.43 8.23 66.0 5.24 5.12 20.8 6.60 6.45 2002 7.89 R7.57 97.9 6.63 R6.36 77.4 4.02 3.86 22.7 5.10 4.90 2003 R9.63 R9.06 97.6 R8.40 R7.90 R78.2 R5.89 R5.54 R22.1 6.19 R5.82 2004 R10.75 R9.85 R97.4 R9.41 R8.63 R78.0 R6.56 R6.01 R23.6 R6.98 R6.40 2005 P12.82 P11.43 E97.6 P11.57 P10.32 P80.5 P8.48 P7.56 P23.6 NA NA 

1 Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial

electricity-only plants.

2 Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only

plants.

3 Much of the natural gas delivered for vehicle fuel represents deliveries to fueling stations that are used

primarily or exclusively by fleet vehicles. Thus, the prices are often those associated with the cost of gas inthe operation of fleet vehicles. 4 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North AmericanIndustry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 2001, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 2002, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers. See Note 4, "Coverage of Electric Power Sector Natural GasPrices," at end of section.

5 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Table D1.

6 The percentage of the sector’s consumption in Table 6.5 for which price data are available.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. Notes: • Prices are for natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be

identified separately. • The average for each end-use sector is calculated by dividing the total value of thenatural gas consumed by each sector by the total quantity consumed. • Prices are intended to include all

taxes. • See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into Energy

Web Page: See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natural_ga

information.

Sources: Residential Percentage of Sector: • 1989-2004

Natural Gas Annual (NGA), annual reports. • 2005—EIA esreports. Electric Power Price: • 1967-2000—EIA, NGA, annuMonthly (NGM) (March 2006), Table 4. • 2005—FederaFERC-423, "Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Ele"Monthly Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants Report.• 1973-2001—Calculated by EIA as the quantity of natural gForm FERC-423, "Monthly Report of Cost and Quantity of Fuels forms), divided by the quantity of natural gas consumed by the Table 8.5b; for 1989-2001, see Table 8.7b). • 2002 forward—Cgas receipts by electric utilities and independent power produceReport of Cost and Quantity of Fuels for Electric Utility Plants," Fuels for Electric Plants Report," divided by the quantity of nasector (see Table 8.7b). All Other Data: • 1967-2000—EIA, NNGM (March 2006), Table 4.
Natural Gas

Note 1. Natural Gas Deliveries to Nonutilities, 1989-1992. Prior to 1993, deliveries to nonutility generators were not separately collected from natural gas companies on Form EIA-176, “Annual Report of Natural and Supplemental Gas Supplyand Disposition.” As a result, for 1989-1992, those volumes are probably includedin both the industrial and electric power sectors and double-counted in totalconsumption. In 1993, 0.28 trillion cubic feet was reported as delivered to nonutilitygenerators.Note 2. Natural Gas Vehicle Fuel. In Table 6.5, for 1992 forward, natural gasvehicle fuel data do not reflect revised data shown in Table 10.7. These revisions,in million cubic feet, are: 1992–2,149; 1993–2,911; 1994–3,280; 1995–4,701;1996–6,219; 1997–8,542; 1998–9,583; 1999–10,583; 2000–11,665; 2001–14,006;2002–16,091; 2003–18,763; and 2004–21,116.Note 3. Natural Gas Consumption. Natural gas consumption statistics arecompiled from surveys of natural gas production, transmission, and distributioncompanies and from surveys of electric power generation. Consumption by sectorfrom these surveys is compiled on a national and individual State basis and thenbalanced with national and individual State supply data. Included in the data are thefollowing: Residential Sector—Consumption by private households for space

heating, cooking, and other household uses; Commercial Sector—Consumption by

nonmanufacturing establishments; municipalities for institutional heating and lighting; and, through 1995, those engaged in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Thecommercial sector includes generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal

output primarily to support the activities of the abovelishments; Industrial Sector—Consumption by estain processing unfinished materials into another form petroleum refining; manufacturing; and, beginning and fishing), and natural gas industry use for lease sector includes generators that produce electricity primarily to support the above-mentioned industriSector—Natural gas transmission (pipeline) fuel, anas vehicle fuel; and Electric Power Sector (electpower producers)—Consumption for electricity goutput at electricity-only and combined-heat-and-poNAICS (North American Industry Classification primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity anNote 4. Coverage of Electric Power Sector Naturadata for electric power sector natural gas prices inclwhich the generator nameplate capacity of all steam-25 megawatts or greater. For 1974-1982, peaking counted toward the 25-megawatt-or-greater total. Foelectric utility plants at which the generator nameplatunits combined totaled 50 megawatts or greater. Foelectric utility plants at which the generator nameplatunits and combined-cycle units together totaled 50 mforward, data include electric utility and independwhich the total facility fossil-fueled nameplate genemegawatts, regardless of unit type.

200 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Coal

7

Coal yard, Curtis Bay, Maryland. Source: U.S. Department of Energy.

Diagram 4. Coal Flow, 2005

(Million Short Tons)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Notes: • Production categories are estimated; other data are preliminary. • Values are

derived from source data prior to rounding for publication. • Totals may not equal sum ofcomponents due to independent rounding.

Sources: Tables 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3.

Losses and

Unaccounted for

4.5

Stock

Change

10.0

Underground

368.6

Production

1,133.3

Exports

49.9

Imports

30.5

Surface

764.6

Bituminous

Coal

556.5

Subbituminous

Coal 491.2

Anthracite

1.7

Lignite 83.9

Residential

0.6 

Com

Consumption

1,128.3
Figure 7.1 Coal Overview

Overview, 1949-2005Overview, 2005 Production as Share of Consumption by Type 204 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Dry gas production as share of natural gas consumption.2 Crude oil and natural gas plant liquids production as share of petroleum products supplied.

Sources: Tables 5.1, 6.1, and 7.1.

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

250500750

1,0001,250

Million Short Tons Production Consumption

Exports

1,133

30 50

1,128

Production Imports Exports Consumption

0

250500750

1,0001,250

Million Short Tons

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

255075

100125

Percent
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.1 Coal Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Short Tons)

Year Production 1 Waste Coal 2,3

Trade

Stock Change 5

Lo

Unacc

Imports Exports Net Imports 4 

1949 480.6 NA 0.3 32.8 -32.5 7 ( ) 1950 560.4 NA 0.4 29.4 -29.0 7 ( ) 1955 490.8 NA 0.3 54.4 -54.1 7 ( ) 1960 434.3 NA 0.3 38.0 -37.7 7 ( ) 1965 527.0 NA 0.2 51.0 -50.8 7 ( ) 1970 612.7 NA (s) 71.7 -71.7 7 ( ) 1971 560.9 NA 0.1 57.3 -57.2 7 ( ) 1972 602.5 NA (s) 56.7 -56.7 7 ( ) 1973 598.6 NA 0.1 53.6 -53.5 7 ( ) 1974 610.0 NA 2.1 60.7 -58.6 -8.9 1975 654.6 NA 0.9 66.3 -65.4 32.2 1976 684.9 NA 1.2 60.0 -58.8 8.5 1977 697.2 NA 1.6 54.3 -52.7 22.6 1978 670.2 NA 3.0 40.7 -37.8 -4.9 1979 781.1 NA 2.1 66.0 -64.0 36.2 1980 829.7 NA 1.2 91.7 -90.5 25.6 1981 823.8 NA 1.0 112.5 -111.5 -19.0 1982 838.1 NA 0.7 106.3 -105.5 22.6 1983 782.1 NA 1.3 77.8 -76.5 -29.5 1984 895.9 NA 1.3 81.5 -80.2 28.7 1985 883.6 NA 2.0 92.7 -90.7 -27.9 1986 890.3 NA 2.2 85.5 -83.3 4.0 1987 918.8 NA 1.7 79.6 -77.9 6.5 1988 950.3 NA 2.1 95.0 -92.9 -24.9 1989 980.7 1.4 2.9 100.8 -98.0 -13.7 1990 1,029.1 3.3 2.7 105.8 -103.1 26.5 1991 996.0 4.0 3.4 109.0 -105.6 -0.9 1992 997.5 6.3 3.8 102.5 -98.7 -3.0 1993 945.4 8.1 8.2 74.5 -66.3 -51.9 1994 1,033.5 8.2 8.9 71.4 -62.5 23.6 1995 1,033.0 8.6 9.5 88.5 -79.1 -0.3 1996 1,063.9 8.8 8.1 90.5 -82.4 -17.5 1997 1,089.9 8.1 7.5 83.5 -76.1 -11.3 1998 1,117.5 8.7 8.7 78.0 -69.3 24.2 1999 1,100.4 8.7 9.1 58.5 -49.4 24.0 2000 1,073.6 9.1 12.5 58.5 -46.0 -48.3 2001 11,127.7 3 ( ) 19.8 48.7 -28.9 41.6 2002 1,094.3 3 ( ) 16.9 39.6 -22.7 10.2 2003 1,071.8 3 ( ) 25.0 43.0 -18.0 -26.7 2004 R1,112.1 3 ( ) 27.3 48.0 -20.7 R-11.5 2005P 1,133.3 3 ( ) 30.5 49.9 -19.5 -10.0 

1 Beginning in 2001, includes a small amount of refuse recovery. 2 Waste coal (including anthracite culm, bituminous gob, fine coal, and lignite waste) consumed by

independent power producers. For 1989-2000, waste coal is counted as a supply-side item to balance thesame amount of waste coal included in "Consumption."

3 Beginning in 2001, refuse recovery is included in "Production"; to avoid double counting, waste coal is

not counted as a separate supply-side item for 2001 forward.

4 Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater than imports. 5 A negative value indicates a decrease in stocks; a positive value indicates an increase. 6 "Losses and Unaccounted for" is calculated as the sum of production, imports, and waste coal, minus

exports, stock change, and consumption.

7 Through 1973, stock change is included in "Losses and Unaccounted for."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • See Note 1, "Coal Consumption," at end of s

components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.ht

Sources: Production: Table 7.2. Waste Coal: • 1989

(EIA), Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power Producer Repo"Annual Electric Generator Report-Nonutility." Imports: • 19Bureau of the Census, "Monthly Report IM145." • 199October-December 2005 (March 2006), Table 1. Exports: Taband Unaccounted for: Calculated. Consumption: Table 7.3.
Figure 7.2 Coal Production, 1949-2005

Total By RankBy Mining Method By Location206 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Anthracite

Subbitu

1 Included in bituminous coal prior to 1969.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 7.2.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

300600900

1,200

Million Short Tons

Bituminous

Coal

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

200400600800

Million Short Tons

1.1 billion short tons

In 2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

200400600800

Million Short TonsSurface

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

200400600800

Million Short Tons Underground

East of the Mississ

West of the Mississippi
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.2 Coal Production, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Short Tons)

Year

Rank Mining Method Locatio

Bituminous

Coal 1

Subbituminous

Coal Lignite Anthracite 1 Underground Surface 1

East of the 

Mississippi 1

1949 437.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 42.7 358.9 121.7 444.2 1950 516.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 44.1 421.0 139.4 524.4 1955 464.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 26.2 358.0 132.9 464.2 1960 415.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 18.8 292.6 141.7 413.0 1965 512.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 14.9 338.0 189.0 499.5 1970 578.5 16.4 8.0 9.7 340.5 272.1 567.8 1971 521.3 22.2 8.7 8.7 277.2 283.7 509.9 1972 556.8 27.5 11.0 7.1 305.0 297.4 538.2 1973 543.5 33.9 14.3 6.8 300.1 298.5 522.1 1974 545.7 42.2 15.5 6.6 278.0 332.1 518.1 1975 577.5 51.1 19.8 6.2 293.5 361.2 543.7 1976 588.4 64.8 25.5 6.2 295.5 389.4 548.8 1977 581.0 82.1 28.2 5.9 266.6 430.6 533.3 1978 534.0 96.8 34.4 5.0 242.8 427.4 487.2 1979 612.3 121.5 42.5 4.8 320.9 460.2 559.7 1980 628.8 147.7 47.2 6.1 337.5 492.2 578.7 1981 608.0 159.7 50.7 5.4 316.5 507.3 553.9 1982 620.2 160.9 52.4 4.6 339.2 499.0 564.3 1983 568.6 151.0 58.3 4.1 300.4 481.7 507.4 1984 649.5 179.2 63.1 4.2 352.1 543.9 587.6 1985 613.9 192.7 72.4 4.7 350.8 532.8 558.7 1986 620.1 189.6 76.4 4.3 360.4 529.9 564.4 1987 636.6 200.2 78.4 3.6 372.9 545.9 581.9 1988 638.1 223.5 85.1 3.6 382.2 568.1 579.6 1989 659.8 231.2 86.4 3.3 393.8 586.9 599.0 1990 693.2 244.3 88.1 3.5 424.5 604.5 630.2 1991 650.7 255.3 86.5 3.4 407.2 588.8 591.3 1992 651.8 252.2 90.1 3.5 407.2 590.3 588.6 1993 576.7 274.9 89.5 4.3 351.1 594.4 516.2 1994 640.3 300.5 88.1 4.6 399.1 634.4 566.3 1995 613.8 328.0 86.5 4.7 396.2 636.7 544.2 1996 630.7 340.3 88.1 4.8 409.8 654.0 563.7 1997 653.8 345.1 86.3 4.7 420.7 669.3 579.4 1998 640.6 385.9 85.8 5.3 417.7 699.8 570.6 1999 601.7 406.7 87.2 4.8 391.8 708.6 529.6 2000 574.3 409.2 85.6 4.6 373.7 700.0 507.5 2001 1611.3 434.4 80.0 11.9 380.6 1747.1 1528.8 2002 572.1 438.4 82.5 1.4 357.4 736.9 492.9 2003 541.5 442.6 86.4 1.3 352.8 719.0 469.2 2004 R561.5 R465.4 83.5 1.7 R367.6 R744.5 R484.8 2005 E556.5 E491.2 E83.9 E1.7 E368.6 E764.6 E493.5 

1 Beginning in 2001, includes a small amount of refuse recovery. 2 Included in "Bituminous Coal."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/coal.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.html.

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook, "Coal—Bituminous and Lignite" and

"Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite" chapters. • 1976—Energy Information Administration (EIA), Energy DataReports, Coal—Bituminous and Lignite in 1976 and Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite 1976. • 1977 and

1978—EIA, Energy Data Reports, Bituminous Coal and Lignit

1978, Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite 1977; 1978, and Coal 1980—EIA, Energy Data Reports, Weekly Coal Report • 1981-1988—EIA, Weekly Coal Production and Coal ProducCoal Industry Annual, annual reports. • 2001-2004—EIA• 2005—EIA, Quarterly Coal Report October-December 2005 "Coal Production Report"; and U.S. Department of Labor, Min7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Repo
Figure 7.3 Coal Consumption by Sector

By Sector, 1949-2005By Sector, 2005 Sector Shares, 1949 and 2005208 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of electricity-only plants.2 For 1978 forward, small amounts of transportation sector use are included in “Industrial.”3 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants whose primary business is to sell

electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.

(s)=Less than 0.5 percent.Source: Table 7.3.

Residential, Commercial1,

and Transportation2

Industrial1

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

300600900

1,200

Million Short Tons Electric Power3

1 5

84

1,039

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 Electric Power3

0

300600900

1,200

Million Short Tons

(s) (s)

7

11 13

44

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 

0

255075

100

Percent

1949 2005
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.3 Coal Consumption by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Short Tons)

Year

Residential

Sector 1

Commercial Sector 1 Industrial Sector

Transportation

Sector

Electri

CHP 

3 Other 4 Total Coke Plants

Other Industrial

Total

Electricity

CHP Only 

5 Non-CHP 6 Total

1949 52.4 7 ( ) 64.1 64.1 91.4 8 ( ) 121.2 121.2 212.6 70.2 84.0 1950 51.6 7 ( ) 63.0 63.0 104.0 8 ( ) 120.6 120.6 224.6 63.0 91.9 1955 35.6 7 ( ) 32.9 32.9 107.7 8 ( ) 110.1 110.1 217.8 17.0 143.8 1960 24.2 7 ( ) 16.8 16.8 81.4 8 ( ) 96.0 96.0 177.4 3.0 176.7 1965 14.6 7 ( ) 11.0 11.0 95.3 8 ( ) 105.6 105.6 200.8 0.7 244.8 1970 9.0 7 ( ) 7.1 7.1 96.5 8 ( ) 90.2 90.2 186.6 0.3 320.2 1971 7.4 7 ( ) 7.8 7.8 83.2 8 ( ) 75.6 75.6 158.9 0.2 327.3 1972 5.0 7 ( ) 6.7 6.7 87.7 8 ( ) 72.9 72.9 160.6 0.2 351.8 1973 4.1 7 ( ) 7.0 7.0 94.1 8 ( ) 68.0 68.0 162.1 0.1 389.2 1974 3.7 7 ( ) 7.8 7.8 90.2 8 ( ) 64.9 64.9 155.1 0.1 391.8 1975 2.8 7 ( ) 6.6 6.6 83.6 8 ( ) 63.6 63.6 147.2 (s) 406.0 1976 2.6 7 ( ) 6.3 6.3 84.7 8 ( ) 61.8 61.8 146.5 (s) 448.4 1977 2.5 7 ( ) 6.4 6.4 77.7 8 ( ) 61.5 61.5 139.2 (s) 477.1 1978 2.2 7 ( ) 7.3 7.3 71.4 8 ( ) 63.1 63.1 134.5 8 ( ) 481.2 1979 1.7 7 ( ) 6.7 6.7 77.4 8 ( ) 67.7 67.7 145.1 8 ( ) 527.1 1980 1.4 7 ( ) 5.1 5.1 66.7 8 ( ) 60.3 60.3 127.0 8 ( ) 569.3 1981 1.3 7 ( ) 6.1 6.1 61.0 8 ( ) 67.4 67.4 128.4 8 ( ) 596.8 1982 1.4 7 ( ) 6.8 6.8 40.9 8 ( ) 64.1 64.1 105.0 8 ( ) 593.7 1983 1.4 7 ( ) 7.1 7.1 37.0 8 ( ) 66.0 66.0 103.0 8 ( ) 625.2 1984 1.7 7 ( ) 7.4 7.4 44.0 8 ( ) 73.7 73.7 117.8 8 ( ) 664.4 1985 1.7 7 ( ) 6.1 6.1 41.1 8 ( ) 75.4 75.4 116.4 8 ( ) 693.8 1986 1.8 7 ( ) 5.9 5.9 35.9 8 ( ) 75.6 75.6 111.5 8 ( ) 685.1 1987 1.6 7 ( ) 5.3 5.3 37.0 8 ( ) 75.2 75.2 112.1 8 ( ) 717.9 1988 1.6 7 ( ) 5.6 5.6 41.9 8 ( ) 76.3 76.3 118.1 8 ( ) 758.4 1989 1.3 1.1 3.7 4.9 40.5 24.9 51.3 76.1 116.6 8 ( ) 767.4 1990 1.3 1.2 4.2 5.4 38.9 27.8 48.5 76.3 115.2 8 ( ) 774.2 1991 1.1 1.2 3.8 5.0 33.9 27.0 48.4 75.4 109.3 8 ( ) 773.2 1992 1.1 1.2 3.9 5.0 32.4 28.2 45.8 74.0 106.4 8 ( ) 781.2 1993 1.1 1.4 3.7 5.1 31.3 28.9 46.0 74.9 106.2 8 ( ) 816.6 1994 0.9 1.3 3.8 5.1 31.7 29.7 45.5 75.2 106.9 8 ( ) 821.2 1995 0.8 1.4 3.6 5.1 33.0 29.4 43.7 73.1 106.1 8 ( ) 832.9 1996 0.7 1.7 3.6 5.3 31.7 29.4 42.3 71.7 103.4 8 ( ) 878.8 1997 0.7 1.7 4.0 5.8 30.2 29.9 41.7 71.5 101.7 8 ( ) 904.2 1998 0.5 1.4 2.9 4.3 28.2 28.6 38.9 67.4 95.6 8 ( ) 920.4 1999 0.6 1.5 2.8 4.3 28.1 27.8 37.0 64.7 92.8 8 ( ) 924.7 2000 0.5 1.5 2.1 3.7 28.9 28.0 37.2 65.2 94.1 8 ( ) 967.1 2001 0.5 1.4 2.4 3.9 26.1 25.8 39.5 65.3 91.3 8 ( ) 946.1 2002 0.5 1.4 R2.5 R3.9 23.7 26.2 34.5 60.7 84.4 8 ( ) 960.1 2003 R0.6 1.8 R1.9 R3.7 24.2 24.8 36.4 61.3 85.5 8 ( ) 983.5 2004 R0.6 R1.9 R2.6 R4.5 23.7 R26.6 R35.6 R62.2 R85.9 8 ( ) R994.8 2005P 0.6 1.8 2.8 4.6 23.4 20.6 40.2 60.8 84.2 8 ( ) 1,017.2 

1 See Note 2, "Residential and Commercial Coal Consumption Estimates," at end of section. 2 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers. Electric utility CHP plants are included in "Electricity Only."

3 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of commercial electricity-only

plants, such as those at hospitals and universities.

4 All commercial sector fuel use other than that in "Commercial CHP." 5 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of industrial electricity-only plants. 6 All industrial sector fuel use other than that in "Coke Plants" and "Industrial CHP." 7 Included in "Commercial Other." 8 Included in "Industrial Non-CHP."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.05 million short tons. Notes: • See Tables 8.5a-8.5d for the amount of coal used to produce electricity and Tables 8.6a-8.6c

for the amount of coal used to produce useful thermal output. • 

section. • See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.ht

Sources: Commercial CHP and Industrial CHP: Table 8.

8.5c, 8.6b, and 8.7b. All Other Data: • 1949-1975—Bure"Coal—Bituminous and Lignite" and "Coal—Pennsylvania AInformation Administration (EIA), Energy Data Reports, CoaCoal—Pennsylvania Anthracite 1976. • 1977 and 1978—EIA, Anthracite 1977; 1978, and Weekly Coal Report. • 1979 and Coal Report. • 1981-1998—EIA, Quarterly Coal Report (QC1999 forward—EIA, QCR October-December 2005 (March 2006
Figure 7.4 Coal Exports by Country of Destination

Total and Europe, 1960-2005 By Selected Country, 2005By Selected Country, 1960-2005210 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 7.4.

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

255075

100125

Million Short Tons

lands

19.5

4.2

2.6 2.5 

Canada Brazil Nether- Italy 

048

12

162024

Million Short Tons

Total

Europe

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 

0

102030

Million Short Tons Netherlands 

Japan
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.4 Coal Exports by Country of Destination, 1960-2005

 (Million Short Tons)

Year Canada Brazil

Europe

Belgium 

1 Denmark France Germany 2 Italy Netherlands Spain United Kingdom Other Total

1960 12.8 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.8 4.6 4.9 2.8 0.3 0.0 2.4 17.1 1961 12.1 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.7 4.3 4.8 2.6 0.2 0.0 2.0 15.7 1962 12.3 1.3 1.3 (s) 0.9 5.1 6.0 3.3 0.8 (s) 1.8 19.1 1963 14.6 1.2 2.7 (s) 2.7 5.6 7.9 5.0 1.5 0.0 2.4 27.7 1964 14.8 1.1 2.3 (s) 2.2 5.2 8.1 4.2 1.4 0.0 2.6 26.0 1965 16.3 1.2 2.2 (s) 2.1 4.7 9.0 3.4 1.4 (s) 2.3 25.1 1966 16.5 1.7 1.8 (s) 1.6 4.9 7.8 3.2 1.2 (s) 2.5 23.1 1967 15.8 1.7 1.4 0.0 2.1 4.7 5.9 2.2 1.0 0.0 2.1 19.4 1968 17.1 1.8 1.1 0.0 1.5 3.8 4.3 1.5 1.5 0.0 1.9 15.5 1969 17.3 1.8 0.9 0.0 2.3 3.5 3.7 1.6 1.8 0.0 1.3 15.2 1970 19.1 2.0 1.9 0.0 3.6 5.0 4.3 2.1 3.2 (s) 1.8 21.8 1971 18.0 1.9 0.8 0.0 3.2 2.9 2.7 1.6 2.6 1.7 1.1 16.6 1972 18.7 1.9 1.1 0.0 1.7 2.4 3.7 2.3 2.1 2.4 1.1 16.9 1973 16.7 1.6 1.2 0.0 2.0 1.6 3.3 1.8 2.2 0.9 1.3 14.4 1974 14.2 1.3 1.1 0.0 2.7 1.5 3.9 2.6 2.0 1.4 0.9 16.1 1975 17.3 2.0 0.6 0.0 3.6 2.0 4.5 2.1 2.7 1.9 1.6 19.0 1976 16.9 2.2 2.2 (s) 3.5 1.0 4.2 3.5 2.5 0.8 2.1 19.9 1977 17.7 2.3 1.5 0.1 2.1 0.9 4.1 2.0 1.6 0.6 2.1 15.0 1978 15.7 1.5 1.1 0.0 1.7 0.6 3.2 1.1 0.8 0.4 2.2 11.0 1979 19.5 2.8 3.2 0.2 3.9 2.6 5.0 2.0 1.4 1.4 4.4 23.9 1980 17.5 3.3 4.6 1.7 7.8 2.5 7.1 4.7 3.4 4.1 6.0 41.9 1981 18.2 2.7 4.3 3.9 9.7 4.3 10.5 6.8 6.4 2.3 8.8 57.0 1982 18.6 3.1 4.8 2.8 9.0 2.3 11.3 5.9 5.6 2.0 7.6 51.3 1983 17.2 3.6 2.5 1.7 4.2 1.5 8.1 4.2 3.3 1.2 6.4 33.1 1984 20.4 4.7 3.9 0.6 3.8 0.9 7.6 5.5 2.3 2.9 5.3 32.8 1985 16.4 5.9 4.4 2.2 4.5 1.1 10.3 6.3 3.5 2.7 10.3 45.1 1986 14.5 5.7 4.4 2.1 5.4 0.8 10.4 5.6 2.6 2.9 8.4 42.6 1987 16.2 5.8 4.6 0.9 2.9 0.5 9.5 4.1 2.5 2.6 6.6 34.2 1988 19.2 5.3 6.5 2.8 4.3 0.7 11.1 5.1 2.5 3.7 8.5 45.1 1989 16.8 5.7 7.1 3.2 6.5 0.7 11.2 6.1 3.3 4.5 8.9 51.6 1990 15.5 5.8 8.5 3.2 6.9 1.1 11.9 8.4 3.8 5.2 9.5 58.4 1991 11.2 7.1 7.5 4.7 9.5 1.7 11.3 9.6 4.7 6.2 10.4 65.5 1992 15.1 6.4 7.2 3.8 8.1 1.0 9.3 9.1 4.5 5.6 8.5 57.3 1993 8.9 5.2 5.2 0.3 4.0 0.5 6.9 5.6 4.1 4.1 6.9 37.6 1994 9.2 5.5 4.9 0.5 2.9 0.3 7.5 4.9 4.1 3.4 7.3 35.8 1995 9.4 6.4 4.5 2.1 3.7 2.0 9.1 7.3 4.7 4.7 10.7 48.6 1996 12.0 6.5 4.6 1.3 3.9 1.1 9.2 7.1 4.1 6.2 9.8 47.2 1997 15.0 7.5 4.3 0.4 3.4 0.9 7.0 4.8 4.1 7.2 9.2 41.3 1998 20.7 6.5 3.2 0.3 3.2 1.2 5.3 4.5 3.2 5.9 6.9 33.8 1999 19.8 4.4 2.1 0.0 2.5 0.6 4.0 3.4 2.5 3.2 4.3 22.5 2000 18.8 4.5 2.9 0.1 3.0 1.0 3.7 2.6 2.7 3.3 5.7 25.0 2001 17.6 4.6 2.8 0.0 2.2 0.9 5.4 2.1 1.6 2.5 3.3 20.8 2002 16.7 3.5 2.4 0.0 1.3 1.0 3.1 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.4 15.6 2003 20.8 3.5 1.8 0.3 1.3 0.5 2.8 2.0 1.8 1.5 3.2 15.1 2004 17.8 4.4 1.7 0.1 1.1 0.6 2.1 2.5 1.5 2.0 3.6 15.2 2005P 19.5 4.2 2.1 0.1 1.3 0.7 2.5 2.6 1.9 1.8 6.0 18.8 

1 Includes Luxembourg. 2 Through 1990, data for Germany are for the former West Germany only. Beginning in 1991, data for

Germany are for the unified Germany, i.e., the former East Germany and West Germany.

P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.05 million short tons. 

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeSources: • 1960-1988—U.S. Department of Commerce, 

Schedule B Commodities, EM 522. • 1989-2000—Energy InfoAnnual, annual reports. • 2001 forward—EIA, Quarterly Coal R
Figure 7.5 Coal Stocks

Total and Electric Power Sector Stocks, 1949-2005 By Holding Entity, 2005By Holding Entity, 1949-2005212 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants whose primary business is to sell

electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.

Notes: • Stocks are at end of year. • Because vertical sca

compared.

Source: Table 7.5.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

50

100150200250

Million Short Tons

Power Sector1 

Total

Electric

Power Sector1

and Distributors

101

35

Electric Producers 

0

255075

100125

Million Short Tons

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

50

100150200

Million Short Tons

Electric Power Sector1

In

Produce
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.5 Coal Stocks by Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Short Tons)

Year

Producers

and

Distributors

Consumers

Residential

and Commercial

Sectors

Industrial Sector

Transportation

Sector

Electric

Power

Sector Coke Plants Other 2 

1 Total

1949 NA 1.4 10.0 16.1 26.0 3 ( ) 22.1 1950 NA 2.5 16.8 26.2 43.0 3 ( ) 31.8 1955 NA 1.0 13.4 15.9 29.3 3 ( ) 41.4 1960 NA 0.7 11.1 11.6 22.8 3 ( ) 51.7 1965 NA 0.4 10.6 13.1 23.8 3 ( ) 54.5 1970 NA 0.3 9.0 11.8 20.8 3 ( ) 71.9 1971 NA 0.3 7.3 5.6 12.9 3 ( ) 77.8 1972 NA 0.3 9.1 7.6 16.7 3 ( ) 99.7 1973 12.5 0.3 7.0 10.4 17.4 3 ( ) 87.0 1974 11.6 0.3 6.2 6.6 12.8 3 ( ) 83.5 1975 12.1 0.2 8.8 8.5 17.3 3 ( ) 110.7 1976 14.2 0.2 9.9 7.1 17.0 3 ( ) 117.4 1977 14.2 0.2 12.8 11.1 23.9 3 ( ) 133.2 1978 20.7 0.4 8.3 9.0 17.3 NA 128.2 1979 20.8 0.3 10.2 11.8 21.9 NA 159.7 1980 24.4 NA 9.1 12.0 21.0 NA 183.0 1981 24.1 NA 6.5 9.9 16.4 NA 168.9 1982 36.8 NA 4.6 9.5 14.1 NA 181.1 1983 33.9 NA 4.3 8.7 13.1 NA 155.6 1984 34.1 NA 6.2 11.3 17.5 NA 179.7 1985 33.1 NA 3.4 10.4 13.9 NA 156.4 1986 32.1 NA 3.0 10.4 13.4 NA 161.8 1987 28.3 NA 3.9 10.8 14.7 NA 170.8 1988 30.4 NA 3.1 8.8 11.9 NA 146.5 1989 29.0 NA 2.9 7.4 10.2 NA 135.9 1990 33.4 NA 3.3 8.7 12.0 NA 156.2 1991 33.0 NA 2.8 7.1 9.8 NA 157.9 1992 34.0 NA 2.6 7.0 9.6 NA 154.1 1993 25.3 NA 2.4 6.7 9.1 NA 111.3 1994 33.2 NA 2.7 6.6 9.2 NA 126.9 1995 34.4 NA 2.6 5.7 8.3 NA 126.3 1996 28.6 NA 2.7 5.7 8.4 NA 114.6 1997 34.0 NA 2.0 5.6 7.6 NA 98.8 1998 36.5 NA 2.0 5.5 7.6 NA 120.5 1999 39.5 NA 1.9 5.6 7.5 NA 141.6 2000 31.9 NA 1.5 4.6 6.1 NA 102.3 2001 35.9 NA 1.5 6.0 7.5 NA 138.5 2002 43.3 NA 1.4 5.8 7.2 NA 141.7 2003 38.3 NA 0.9 4.7 5.6 NA 121.6 2004 R41.2 NA 1.3 4.8 6.2 NA 106.7 2005P E34.6 NA 2.6 5.6 8.2 NA 101.2 

1 Through 1977, data are for stocks held by the manufacturing and transportation sectors. Beginning in

1978, data are for stocks held at manufacturing plants only.

2 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1998, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1999, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers.

3 Included in "Industrial Sector Other."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. Notes: • Stocks are at end of year. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent

rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.ht

Sources: Electric Power Sector: Table 8.8. All Other 

Minerals Yearbook, "Coal—Bituminous and Lignite" and "C• 1976—Energy Information Administration (EIA), Energy Data 1976 and Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite 1976. • 1977 Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite 1977; 1978, and Weekly Coal RWeekly Coal Report. • 1980-1998—EIA, Quarterly Coal Rereports. • 1999 forward—EIA, QCR October-December 2005 (M
Figure 7.6 Coal Mining Productivity

Total, 1949-2005 Mining Methods, 2005 LocatiMining Method,1 1949-2005 By Region and Mining Method, 2005214 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 For 1979 forward, includes all coal; prior to 1979, excludes anthracite.

Notes: • Beginning in 2001, surface mining includes a small amount of refuse recovery.

• Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be comSource: Table 7.6.

05

101520

Short Tons per Miner Hour

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

2

468

Short Tons per Miner Hour

3.62

10.03

Underground Surface

0369

12

Short Tons per Miner Hour 1.77 in 1978 6.37 in 2005

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0369

12

Short Tons per Miner Hour

3.28 3.74

Underground Surface Und

06

12

1824

Short Tons per Miner Hour Surface

Underground

 East of Mississippi 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.6 Coal Mining Productivity, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Short Tons per Miner Hour 1

)

Year

Mining Method Location 

Underground Surface 2 

East of the Mississippi West of the Mississippi 

Underground Surface 2 Total 2 Underground Surface 2 

1949 30.68 31.92 NA NA NA NA NA 1950 30.72 31.96 NA NA NA NA NA 1955 31.04 32.65 NA NA NA NA NA 1960 31.33 32.91 NA NA NA NA NA 1965 31.75 34.10 NA NA NA NA NA 1970 31.72 34.53 NA NA NA NA NA 1971 31.50 34.49 NA NA NA NA NA 1972 31.49 34.54 NA NA NA NA NA 1973 31.46 34.58 NA NA NA NA NA 1974 31.41 34.74 NA NA NA NA NA 1975 31.19 33.26 NA NA NA NA NA 1976 31.14 33.25 NA NA NA NA NA 1977 31.09 33.16 NA NA NA NA NA 1978 31.04 33.03 NA NA NA NA NA 1979 1.13 3.08 NA NA NA NA NA 1980 1.20 3.21 NA NA NA NA NA 1981 1.29 3.42 NA NA NA NA NA 1982 1.37 3.36 NA NA NA NA NA 1983 1.61 3.81 NA NA NA NA NA 1984 1.72 4.03 1.69 2.56 1.98 2.49 8.15 1985 1.78 4.24 1.75 2.52 2.00 2.45 8.61 1986 2.00 4.60 1.96 2.75 2.21 2.80 9.02 1987 2.20 4.98 2.16 2.97 2.42 3.39 9.86 1988 2.38 5.32 2.32 2.99 2.54 3.55 10.73 1989 2.46 5.61 2.39 3.13 2.63 3.92 11.86 1990 2.54 5.94 2.46 3.32 2.73 4.01 12.26 1991 2.69 6.38 2.59 3.49 2.86 4.53 12.36 1992 2.93 6.59 2.82 3.61 3.07 4.85 12.49 1993 2.95 7.23 2.81 3.74 3.11 5.18 13.94 1994 3.19 7.67 3.02 3.85 3.28 5.93 15.19 1995 3.39 8.48 3.19 4.03 3.45 6.32 16.23 1996 3.57 9.05 3.36 4.25 3.63 7.03 17.89 1997 3.83 9.46 3.63 4.49 3.89 6.82 18.63 1998 3.90 9.58 3.69 4.31 3.89 6.76 18.82 1999 3.99 10.39 3.74 4.48 3.97 7.45 19.57 2000 4.15 11.01 3.89 4.82 4.18 7.66 20.04 2001 4.02 210.58 3.71 24.53 23.98 8.39 220.63 2002 3.98 10.36 3.67 4.22 3.86 7.80 20.67 2003 4.04 10.75 3.68 4.18 3.85 8.33 21.42 2004 R3.96 R10.55 R3.59 R3.95 3.72 R8.22 R22.04 2005P 3.62 10.03 3.28 3.74 3.44 7.52 21.98 

1 Data through 1973 for bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite mines, and data through 1978 for

anthracite mines, were originally reported in short tons per miner day. The data were converted to shorttons per miner hour by assuming an eight-hour day. All remaining data were calculated by dividing totalproduction by total labor hours worked by all mine employees except office workers.

2 Beginning in 2001, includes a small amount of refuse recovery. 3 Anthracite mining productivity is unavailable by underground and surface but is included in "Total."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/coal.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.html.

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearb

"Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite" chapters. • 1976—Energy InfReports, Coal—Bituminous and Lignite in 1976 and Coal—Pe1978—EIA, Energy Data Reports, Bituminous Coal and Lignit1978 and Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite 1977; 1978. • Production—1979. • 1980-1988—EIA, Coal Production, annuaAnnual, annual reports. • 2001-2004—EIA, Annual Coal RepEIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of LabForm 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production 
Figure 7.7 Coke Overview

Production and Consumption, 1949-2005Overview, 2005 Trade, 1949-2005216 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 7.7.

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

20406080

Million Short Tons

Consumption

Production

17

4

2

18

Production Imports Exports Consumption

05

101520

Million Short Tons

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

2

468

Million Short Tons

Imports

Exports
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.7 Coke Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Short Tons)

Year Production

Trade

Stock Change 2 

Imports Exports Net Imports 1

1949 63.6 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.2 1950 72.7 0.4 0.4 (s) -0.7 1955 75.3 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -1.2 1960 57.2 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.1 1965 66.9 0.1 0.8 -0.7 0.7 1970 66.5 0.2 2.5 -2.3 1.0 1971 57.4 0.2 1.5 -1.3 -0.6 1972 60.5 0.2 1.2 -1.0 -0.6 1973 64.3 1.1 1.4 -0.3 -1.7 1974 61.6 3.5 1.3 2.3 -0.2 1975 57.2 1.8 1.3 0.5 4.1 1976 58.3 1.3 1.3 (s) 1.5 1977 53.5 1.8 1.2 0.6 (s) 1978 49.0 5.7 0.7 5.0 -2.9 1979 52.9 4.0 1.4 2.5 1.7 1980 46.1 0.7 2.1 -1.4 3.4 1981 42.8 0.5 1.2 -0.6 -1.9 1982 28.1 0.1 1.0 -0.9 1.5 1983 25.8 (s) 0.7 -0.6 -4.7 1984 30.4 0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.2 1985 28.4 0.6 1.1 -0.5 -1.2 1986 24.9 0.3 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 1987 26.3 0.9 0.6 0.3 -1.0 1988 28.9 2.7 1.1 1.6 0.5 1989 28.0 2.3 1.1 1.2 0.3 1990 27.6 0.8 0.6 0.2 (s) 1991 24.0 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.2 1992 23.4 2.1 0.7 1.4 -0.2 1993 23.2 2.2 1.1 1.1 -0.4 1994 22.7 3.3 1.0 2.4 -0.5 1995 23.7 3.8 1.4 2.5 0.4 1996 23.1 2.5 1.6 0.9 (s) 1997 22.1 3.1 1.3 1.9 (s) 1998 20.0 3.8 1.1 2.7 -0.4 1999 20.0 3.2 0.9 2.3 -0.1 2000 20.8 3.8 1.1 2.6 0.2 2001 18.9 2.5 1.3 1.2 -0.1 2002 16.8 3.2 0.8 2.5 -0.4 2003 17.2 2.8 0.7 2.0 -0.2 2004 16.9 6.9 1.3 5.6 (s) 2005P 16.7 3.5 1.7 1.8 0.3 

1 Net imports equal imports minus exports. Minus sign indicates exports are greater than imports. 2 Producer and distributor stocks at end of year. A negative value indicates a decrease in stocks; a

positive value indicates an increase.

3 "Consumption" is calculated as the sum of production and imports minus exports and stock change.

P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.05 million short tons. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.ht

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearb

• 1976-1980—Energy Information Administration (EIA), Energannual reports. • 1981-1998—EIA, Quarterly Coal Report (Q• 1999 forward—EIA, QCR October-December 2005 (March 200
Figure 7.8 Coal Prices

Total, 1949-2005By Type, 1949-2005 By Type, 2005218 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0

204060

Chained (2000) Dollars1 per Short Ton

Anthracite

Lignite

Subbituminous Coal

Peak

1975: $50.92

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

306090

Chained (2000) Dollars1 per Short Ton39.27 37.51 13.49 

Anthracite Bituminous Lignite 

0

153045

Nominal Dollars per Short Ton

Coal 

Bituminous Coal

1 Calculated by using gross domestic implicit price deflators. See Table D1.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 7.8.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 7.8 Coal Prices, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Dollars per Short Ton)

Year

Bituminous Coal Subbituminous Coal Lignite 1 Anthracite 

Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 Nominal Real 2 

1949 34.90 329.97 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.37 14.49 8.90 54.43 1950 34.86 329.40 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.41 14.58 9.34 56.50 1955 34.51 324.06 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.38 12.70 8.00 42.68 1960 34.71 322.38 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.29 10.88 8.01 38.07 1965 34.45 319.75 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.13 9.45 8.51 37.76 1970 36.30 322.88 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 1.86 6.76 11.03 40.06 1971 37.13 324.66 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 1.93 6.68 12.08 41.78 1972 37.78 325.79 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.04 6.76 12.40 41.11 1973 38.71 327.35 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.09 6.56 13.65 42.86 1974 316.01 346.11 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 2.19 6.31 22.19 63.90 1975 319.79 352.08 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3.17 8.34 32.26 84.89 1976 320.11 350.03 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3.74 9.30 33.92 84.39 1977 320.59 348.16 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 4.03 9.43 34.86 81.54 1978 322.64 349.48 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 5.68 12.41 35.25 77.04 1979 27.31 55.12 9.55 19.27 6.48 13.08 41.06 82.87 1980 29.17 53.98 11.08 20.50 7.60 14.06 42.51 78.66 1981 31.51 53.30 12.18 20.60 8.85 14.97 44.28 74.90 1982 32.15 51.25 13.37 21.31 9.79 15.61 49.85 79.47 1983 31.11 47.71 13.03 19.98 9.91 15.20 52.29 80.19 1984 30.63 45.27 12.41 18.34 10.45 15.45 48.22 71.27 1985 30.78 44.15 12.57 18.03 10.68 15.32 45.80 65.70 1986 28.84 40.48 12.26 17.21 10.64 14.93 44.12 61.92 1987 28.19 38.51 11.32 15.47 10.85 14.82 43.65 59.63 1988 27.66 36.54 10.45 13.81 10.06 13.29 44.16 58.34 1989 27.40 34.88 10.16 12.93 9.91 12.62 42.93 54.65 1990 27.43 33.62 9.70 11.89 10.13 12.42 39.40 48.29 1991 27.49 32.55 9.68 11.46 10.89 12.90 36.34 43.03 1992 26.78 31.00 9.68 11.21 10.81 12.51 34.24 39.64 1993 26.15 29.59 9.33 10.56 11.11 12.57 32.94 37.27 1994 25.68 28.45 8.37 9.27 10.77 11.93 36.07 39.96 1995 25.56 27.75 8.10 8.79 10.83 11.76 39.78 43.19 1996 25.17 26.82 7.87 8.39 10.92 11.64 36.78 39.19 1997 24.64 25.82 7.42 7.78 10.91 11.43 35.12 36.81 1998 24.87 25.78 6.96 7.21 11.08 11.49 42.91 44.48 1999 23.92 24.44 6.87 7.02 11.04 11.28 35.13 35.90 2000 24.15 24.15 7.12 7.12 11.41 11.41 40.90 40.90 2001 25.36 24.77 6.67 6.51 11.52 11.25 47.67 46.55 2002 26.57 R25.50 7.34 7.05 11.07 10.63 47.78 R45.86 2003 26.73 R25.14 7.73 R7.27 11.20 R10.54 R49.87 R46.91 2004 R30.56 R28.01 R8.12 R7.44 R12.27 R11.25 R39.77 R36.45 2005E 37.51 33.45 9.30 8.29 13.49 12.03 39.27 35.02 

1 Because of withholding to protect company confidentiality, lignite prices exclude Texas for 1955-1977

and Montana for 1974-1978. As a result, lignite prices for 1974-1977 are for North Dakota only.

2 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Table D1.

3 Through 1978, subbituminous coal is included in "Bituminous Coal."

R=Revised. E=Estimate. Note: Prices are free-on-board (f.o.b.) rail/barge prices, which are the f.o.b. prices of coal at the point of

first sale, excluding freight or shipping and insurance costs. See "Free on Board (F.O.B.)" in Glossary.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/coal.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelcoal.html.

Sources: • 1949-1975—Bureau of Mines (BOM), Minerals 

Administration (EIA), Energy Data Report, Coal—Bituminous Yearbook. • 1977 and 1978—EIA, Energy Data Reports, BiMine Operations, and Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite. • 1979Report, Coal—Pennsylvania Anthracite. • 1980-1992—• 1993-2000—EIA, Coal Industry Annual, annual reports and uAnnual Coal Report, annual reports. • 2005—EIA, Form EIDepartment of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Fand Coal Production Report."
Coal

Note 1. Coal Consumption. Data in this report on the consumption of bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, anthracite, and waste coal are developedprimarily from consumption data reported in surveys. Included are data reportedby all electric power companies and coke plant companies. Data on coalconsumption by all industrial and manufacturing establishments and by the residential and commercial sectors are based on distribution data obtained quarterlyfrom coal companies. Included in each sector’s data are the following: Residential and Commercial Sectors—retail dealer sales to households and smallcommercial establishments; Industrial Sector—consumption at manufacturingplants, large commercial establishments, coking plants, and by agriculture,mining (other than coal mining), and construction industries; TransportationSector—sales to railroads and for vessel bunkering; Electric Power Sector (electric utilities and independent power producers)—consumption for electricitygeneration and useful thermal output at electricity-only and CHP plants withinthe NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricityand heat, to the public.Note 2. Residential and Commercial Coal Consumption Estimates. Coalconsumption by the residential and commercial sectors is reported to the Energy

Information Administration (EIA) for the two sectoramount consumed by the sectors individually. Prevpercent residential and 60 percent commercial for e

results in variation over time. Beginning in 1949, a percent, is assigned to the residential sector; the sharhas been 11 percent since 2000. To create the estimoccupied coal-heated housing unit consumes fuel aheated housing unit. Then, for the years in which daof occupied housing units by heating source (1950subsequent odd-numbered years (Table 2.7)), residenthe following steps: a ratio is created of the numbheated by coal to the number of housing units heate

by the Btu quantity of oil used by the residential sect

of coal used by the residential sector; and the residenand commercial use is calculated. The 1950 share is missing years’ shares are interpolated.

220 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Electricity

8

High-tension power lines and towers. Source: U.S. Department of Energy.

Diagram 5. Electricity Flow, 2005

(Quadrillion Btu)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Coal

21.01

Petroleum 1.32

Nuclear Electric Power

8.13

Energy Consumed

To Generate

Electricity

41.60

Gross

Generationof Electricity

14.50

c

Unaccounted for

0.45

d

Other

Gases

0.19

a

EndUse

13.01

Conversion

Losses

27.10

Fossil

Fuels

29.21

Ret

Sal12.

Other

0.03

b 

Net Imports

of Electricity

0.09

Natural Gas 6.69

Renewable Energy 4.23

Net

Generation

of Electricity

13.78

a Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from

fossil fuels.

b Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous

technologies.

c Estimated as net generation divided by 0.95.d Data collection frame differences and nonsampling error.e Electric energy used in the operation of power plants, estimated as 5 percent of gross

generation.

f Transmission and distribution losses (electricity losses that occur between the point of

generation and delivery to the customer) are estimated a

g Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) prod

consumes the power or an affiliate, and 3) used in dirprocess located within the same facility or group of facil

ment. Direct use is exclusive of station use. 

Notes: • Data are preliminary. • See Note, “Elec

end of Section 2. • Values are derived from source d

• Totals may not equal sum of components due to inde

Sources: Tables 8.1, 8.4a, 8.9, and A6 (column 4).
Figure 8.1 Electricity Overview

Overview, 2005 Electricity Trade, 1949-2005Net-Generation-to-End-Use Flow, 2005(Billion Kilowatthours)224 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power plants within the NAICS 22 category whose

primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.

2 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and other energy

service providers.

3 Commercial and industrial facility use of onsite net electricity generation; and electricity

sales among adjacent or co-located facilities for which revenue information is not available.

4 Transmission and distribution losses (electricity losses th

generation and delivery to the customer). See Note, “Electhe end of Section 2.

5 Data collection frame differences and nonsampling error.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 8.1 and 8.9.

3,883

8 146 45 20

3,653

161

Electric Com- Indus- Imports Exports Retail Direct

0

1,5003,0004,500

Billion Kilowatthours

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

102030405060

Billion Kilowatthours Imports

Sales2 Use3

Exports

Power1 mercial trial

Net Generation Trade End Use

Imports

45

T & D Losses and 4

Unaccounted for

249

Exports

20

5

Electric Power

Sector

3,883

Commercial

and Industrial

154

Total

End Use

3,813

RetailSales3,653

Total

Net Generation

4,038

Reside

1,36

Comme

1,26

Indus

1,01
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.1 Electricity Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Kilowatthours)

Year

Net Generation Trade

T & D Losses 5

and

Unaccounted

for 6

Electric Power

Sector 2

Commercial

Sector 3

Industrial

Sector 4 Total

Imports 1 Exports 1 Net Imports 1

S

From Canada Total To Canada Total Total 

1949 291 NA 5 296 NA 2 NA (s) 2 43 1950 329 NA 5 334 NA 2 NA (s) 2 44 1955 547 NA 3 550 NA 5 NA (s) 4 58 1960 756 NA 4 759 NA 5 NA 1 5 76 1965 1,055 NA 3 1,058 NA 4 NA 4 (s) 104 1970 1,532 NA 3 1,535 NA 6 NA 4 2 145 1971 1,613 NA 3 1,616 NA 7 NA 4 4 150 1972 1,750 NA 3 1,753 NA 10 NA 3 8 166 1973 1,861 NA 3 1,864 NA 17 NA 3 14 165 1974 1,867 NA 3 1,870 NA 15 NA 3 13 177 1975 1,918 NA 3 1,921 NA 11 NA 5 6 180 1976 2,038 NA 3 2,041 NA 11 NA 2 9 194 1977 2,124 NA 3 2,127 NA 20 NA 3 17 197 1978 2,206 NA 3 2,209 NA 21 NA 1 20 211 1979 2,247 NA 3 2,251 NA 23 NA 2 20 200 1980 2,286 NA 3 2,290 NA 25 NA 4 21 216 1981 2,295 NA 3 2,298 NA 36 NA 3 33 184 1982 2,241 NA 3 2,244 NA 33 NA 4 29 187 1983 2,310 NA 3 2,313 NA 39 NA 3 35 198 1984 2,416 NA 3 2,419 NA 42 NA 3 40 173 1985 2,470 NA 3 2,473 NA 46 NA 5 41 190 1986 2,487 NA 3 2,490 NA 41 NA 5 36 158 1987 2,572 NA 3 2,575 NA 52 NA 6 46 164 1988 2,704 NA 3 2,707 NA 39 NA 7 32 161 1989 22,848 4 4115 2,967 NA 26 NA 15 11 223 1990 2,901 6 131 3,038 16 18 16 16 2 203 1991 2,936 6 133 3,074 20 22 2 2 20 207 1992 2,934 6 143 3,084 26 28 2 3 25 212 1993 3,044 7 146 3,197 29 31 3 4 28 224 1994 3,089 8 151 3,248 45 47 1 2 45 211 1995 3,194 8 151 3,353 41 43 2 4 39 229 1996 3,284 9 151 3,444 42 43 2 3 40 231 1997 3,329 9 154 3,492 43 43 7 9 34 224 1998 3,457 9 154 3,620 40 40 12 14 26 221 1999 3,530 9 156 3,695 43 43 13 14 29 240 2000 3,638 8 157 3,802 49 49 13 15 34 244 2001 3,580 7 149 3,737 38 39 16 16 22 R214 R2002 3,698 7 153 3,858 R37 R37 R15 R16 21 R247 R2003 3,721 7 155 3,883 29 30 24 24 6 R232 R2004 R3,808 R8 R154 R3,971 33 34 22 23 11 R265 R2005P 3,883 8 146 4,038 43 45 19 20 25 249 

1 Electricity transmitted across U.S. borders. Net imports equal imports minus exports. 2 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers. 3 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants. 4 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants. Through 1988, data are for industrial hydroelectric power only. 5 Transmission and distribution losses (electricity losses that occur between the point of generation anddelivery to the customer). See Note, "Electrical System Energy Losses," at end of Section 2. 6 Data collection frame differences and nonsampling error. 7 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energyservice providers. 8 Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) produced by either the same entity that consumes thepower or an affiliate, and 3) used in direct support of a service or industrial process located within the samefacility or group of facilities that house the generating equipment. Direct use is exclusive of station use.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 billion kilowatthours.Notes: • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into

Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/elect.html.

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.html.

Sources: Net Generation, Electric Power Sector: Table 8.2

Table 8.2d. Net Generation, Industrial Sector: • 1949-Sep(FPC), Form FPC-4, "Monthly Power Plant Report," for planmegawatts, and FPC, Form FPC-12C, "Industrial Electric G• October 1977-1978—Federal Energy Regulatory CommissiPlant Report," for plants with generating capacity exceeding 1"Industrial Electric Generating Capacity," for all other plants. • 1Plant Report," for plants with generating capacity exceeding 10 plants. • 1980-1988—Estimated by EIA as the average gener• 1989 forward—Table 8.2d. Net Generation, Total: • 1949-September 1977—Unpublished FPC data. • OcRegulatory Administration (ERA) data. • 1981—DepartmEmergency Operations, "Report on Electric Energy Exchanges w1981," April 1982 (revised June 1982). • 1982 and 1983—International Borders. • 1984-1986—DOE, ERA, Electricity • 1987 and 1988—DOE, ERA, Form ERA-781R, "Annual RepData." • 1989—DOE, Fossil Energy, Form FE-781R, "AExport/Import Data." • 1990 forward—National Energy Board oof Fuels Programs, Form FE-781R, "Export/Import Data." FoIndependent System Operator were used in combination witelectricity trade with Mexico. T & D Losses and Unaccountegeneration and imports minus total end use and exports. End U
Figure 8.2a Electricity Net Generation, Total (All Sectors)

Total (All Sectors) and Sectors, 1989-2005 By Source Category, 2005 By Source, 2005By Major Sources, 1949-2005226 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Petroleum, wood, waste, geothermal, other gases, wind, solar, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, puchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 2 Conventional hydroelectric power and pumped storage. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be 

Sources: Tables 8.2a, 8.2b, and 8.2d.

1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004

0

1

2

345

Trillion Kilowatthours

2.9

0.8

0.4

Fossil Nuclear Renewable

0

1

2

34

Trillion Kilowatthours 

19%

6%

19%

Total 6%

 (All Sectors)

Natural

Gas

Other1

Electric Power

Hydroelectric

Power2

Nuclear

Electric Power

Fuels

Commercial and Industrial

Electric

Power

Energy

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0.00.51.01.52.02.5

Trillion Kilowatthours

Nu

Petroleum and

Natural Gas

Hyd
Figure 8.2b Electricity Net Generation by Sector

By Sector, 2005 Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-20Industrial and Commercial Sectors, 2005

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

1 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from

fossil fuels. 2 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous

technologies.

(s) = Less than 0.05 trillion kilowatthours.(ss) = Less than 0.5 billion kilowatthours.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not Sources: Tables 8.2b-8.2d.

3.9

0.1 (s)

Electric Power Industrial Commercial

0

1

2

345

Trillion Kilowatthours

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 

0

1

2

34

Trillion Kilowatthours

Electricity-Only P

Combined-Heat-and

4

(ss) 1 0 (ss) (ss) 

72

28

20

12

3 6

1 

Natural Gas Wood Coal Other Gases1 Conventional Petroleum W

0

306090

Billion Kilowatthours

Industrial Commercial

Hydroelectric

Power
228 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.2a Electricity Net Generation: Total (All Sectors), Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Sum of Tables 8.2b and 8.2d; Billion Kilowatthours)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage 5

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power 

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 Wind 

6 Waste 7

1949 135.5 28.5 37.0 NA 201.0 0.0 10 ( ) 94.8 0.4 NA NA NA N1950 154.5 33.7 44.6 NA 232.8 0.0 10 ( ) 100.9 0.4 NA NA NA N1955 301.4 37.1 95.3 NA 433.8 0.0 10 ( ) 116.2 0.3 NA NA NA N1960 403.1 48.0 158.0 NA 609.0 0.5 10 ( ) 149.4 0.1 NA (s) NA N1965 570.9 64.8 221.6 NA 857.3 3.7 10 ( ) 197.0 0.3 NA 0.2 NA N1970 704.4 184.2 372.9 NA 1,261.5 21.8 10 ( ) 251.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 NA N1971 713.1 220.2 374.0 NA 1,307.4 38.1 10 ( ) 269.5 0.1 0.2 0.5 NA N1972 771.1 274.3 375.7 NA 1,421.2 54.1 10 ( ) 275.9 0.1 0.2 1.5 NA N1973 847.7 314.3 340.9 NA 1,502.9 83.5 10 ( ) 275.4 0.1 0.2 2.0 NA N1974 828.4 300.9 320.1 NA 1,449.4 114.0 10 ( ) 304.2 0.1 0.2 2.5 NA N1975 852.8 289.1 299.8 NA 1,441.7 172.5 10 ( ) 303.2 (s) 0.2 3.2 NA N1976 944.4 320.0 294.6 NA 1,559.0 191.1 10 ( ) 286.9 0.1 0.2 3.6 NA N1977 985.2 358.2 305.5 NA 1,648.9 250.9 10 ( ) 223.6 0.3 0.2 3.6 NA N1978 975.7 365.1 305.4 NA 1,646.2 276.4 10 ( ) 283.5 0.2 0.1 3.0 NA N1979 1,075.0 303.5 329.5 NA 1,708.0 255.2 10 ( ) 283.1 0.3 0.2 3.9 NA N1980 1,161.6 246.0 346.2 NA 1,753.8 251.1 10 ( ) 279.2 0.3 0.2 5.1 NA N1981 1,203.2 206.4 345.8 NA 1,755.4 272.7 10 ( ) 263.8 0.2 0.1 5.7 NA N1982 1,192.0 146.8 305.3 NA 1,644.1 282.8 10 ( ) 312.4 0.2 0.1 4.8 NA N1983 1,259.4 144.5 274.1 NA 1,678.0 293.7 10 ( ) 335.3 0.2 0.2 6.1 NA (s1984 1,341.7 119.8 297.4 NA 1,758.9 327.6 10 ( ) 324.3 0.5 0.4 7.7 (s) (s1985 1,402.1 100.2 291.9 NA 1,794.3 383.7 10 ( ) 284.3 0.7 0.6 9.3 (s) (s1986 1,385.8 136.6 248.5 NA 1,770.9 414.0 10 ( ) 294.0 0.5 0.7 10.3 (s) (s1987 1,463.8 118.5 272.6 NA 1,854.9 455.3 10 ( ) 252.9 0.8 0.7 10.8 (s) (s1988 1,540.7 148.9 252.8 NA 1,942.4 527.0 10 ( ) 226.1 0.9 0.7 10.3 (s) (s198911 1,583.8 164.5 352.6 7.9 2,108.8 529.4 10 ( ) 272.0 27.2 9.2 14.6 0.3 21990 1,594.0 126.6 372.8 10.4 2,103.8 576.9 -3.5 292.9 32.5 13.3 15.4 0.4 21991 1,590.6 119.8 381.6 11.3 2,103.3 612.6 -4.5 289.0 33.7 15.7 16.0 0.5 31992 1,621.2 100.2 404.1 13.3 2,138.7 618.8 -4.2 253.1 36.5 17.8 16.1 0.4 21993 1,690.1 112.8 414.9 13.0 2,230.7 610.3 -4.0 280.5 37.6 18.3 16.8 0.5 31994 1,690.7 105.9 460.2 13.3 2,270.1 640.4 -3.4 260.1 37.9 19.1 15.5 0.5 31995 1,709.4 74.6 496.1 13.9 2,293.9 673.4 -2.7 310.8 36.5 20.4 13.4 0.5 31996 1,795.2 81.4 455.1 14.4 2,346.0 674.7 -3.1 347.2 36.8 20.9 14.3 0.5 31997 1,845.0 92.6 479.4 13.4 2,430.3 628.6 -4.0 356.5 36.9 21.7 14.7 0.5 31998 1,873.5 128.8 531.3 13.5 2,547.1 673.7 -4.5 323.3 36.3 22.4 14.8 0.5 31999 1,881.1 118.1 556.4 14.1 2,569.7 728.3 -6.1 319.5 37.0 22.6 14.8 0.5 42000 1,966.3 111.2 601.0 14.0 2,692.5 753.9 -5.5 275.6 37.6 23.1 14.1 0.5 52001 1,904.0 124.9 639.1 9.0 2,677.0 768.8 -8.8 217.0 35.2 21.8 13.7 0.5 62002 1,933.1 94.6 691.0 11.5 2,730.2 780.1 -8.7 264.3 38.7 22.9 14.5 0.6 102003 1,973.7 119.4 649.9 15.6 2,758.6 763.7 -8.5 275.8 37.5 23.7 14.4 0.5 112004 R1,978.6 R120.6 R709.0 R16.8 R2,825.0 R788.5 R-8.5 R268.4 R37.6 R23.3 R14.8 0.6 R142005P 2,014.2 121.9 751.5 15.6 2,903.3 780.5 -6.6 265.1 37.8 24.0 15.1 0.5 14

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Included in "Conventional Hydroelectric Power."

11 Through 1988, all data except hydroelectric are for elec

1988 include industrial plants as well as electric utilities. Begindependent power producers, commercial plants, and industria

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less thaNotes: • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," at 

of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see 

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectri

Sources: • 1949-1988—Table 8.2b for electric power sector

forward—Tables 8.2b and 8.2d.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.2b Electricity Net Generation: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Subset of Table 8.2a; Billion Kilowatthours)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage 5

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power 

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 Wind 

6 Waste 7

1949 135.5 28.5 37.0 NA 201.0 0.0 10 ( ) 89.7 0.4 NA NA NA N1950 154.5 33.7 44.6 NA 232.8 0.0 10 ( ) 95.9 0.4 NA NA NA N1955 301.4 37.1 95.3 NA 433.8 0.0 10 ( ) 113.0 0.3 NA NA NA N1960 403.1 48.0 158.0 NA 609.0 0.5 10 ( ) 145.8 0.1 NA (s) NA N1965 570.9 64.8 221.6 NA 857.3 3.7 10 ( ) 193.9 0.3 NA 0.2 NA N1970 704.4 184.2 372.9 NA 1,261.5 21.8 10 ( ) 247.7 0.1 0.2 0.5 NA N1971 713.1 220.2 374.0 NA 1,307.4 38.1 10 ( ) 266.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 NA N1972 771.1 274.3 375.7 NA 1,421.2 54.1 10 ( ) 272.6 0.1 0.2 1.5 NA N1973 847.7 314.3 340.9 NA 1,502.9 83.5 10 ( ) 272.1 0.1 0.2 2.0 NA N1974 828.4 300.9 320.1 NA 1,449.4 114.0 10 ( ) 301.0 0.1 0.2 2.5 NA N1975 852.8 289.1 299.8 NA 1,441.7 172.5 10 ( ) 300.0 (s) 0.2 3.2 NA N1976 944.4 320.0 294.6 NA 1,559.0 191.1 10 ( ) 283.7 0.1 0.2 3.6 NA N1977 985.2 358.2 305.5 NA 1,648.9 250.9 10 ( ) 220.5 0.3 0.2 3.6 NA N1978 975.7 365.1 305.4 NA 1,646.2 276.4 10 ( ) 280.4 0.2 0.1 3.0 NA N1979 1,075.0 303.5 329.5 NA 1,708.0 255.2 10 ( ) 279.8 0.3 0.2 3.9 NA N1980 1,161.6 246.0 346.2 NA 1,753.8 251.1 10 ( ) 276.0 0.3 0.2 5.1 NA N1981 1,203.2 206.4 345.8 NA 1,755.4 272.7 10 ( ) 260.7 0.2 0.1 5.7 NA N1982 1,192.0 146.8 305.3 NA 1,644.1 282.8 10 ( ) 309.2 0.2 0.1 4.8 NA N1983 1,259.4 144.5 274.1 NA 1,678.0 293.7 10 ( ) 332.1 0.2 0.2 6.1 NA (s1984 1,341.7 119.8 297.4 NA 1,758.9 327.6 10 ( ) 321.2 0.5 0.4 7.7 (s) (s1985 1,402.1 100.2 291.9 NA 1,794.3 383.7 10 ( ) 281.1 0.7 0.6 9.3 (s) (s1986 1,385.8 136.6 248.5 NA 1,770.9 414.0 10 ( ) 290.8 0.5 0.7 10.3 (s) (s1987 1,463.8 118.5 272.6 NA 1,854.9 455.3 10 ( ) 249.7 0.8 0.7 10.8 (s) (s1988 1,540.7 148.9 252.8 NA 1,942.4 527.0 10 ( ) 222.9 0.9 0.7 10.3 (s) (s198911 1,562.4 159.0 297.3 0.5 2,019.1 529.4 10 ( ) 269.2 5.6 7.7 14.6 0.3 21990 1,572.1 118.9 309.5 0.6 2,001.1 576.9 -3.5 289.8 7.0 11.5 15.4 0.4 21991 1,568.8 112.8 317.8 0.7 2,000.1 612.6 -4.5 286.0 7.7 13.9 16.0 0.5 31992 1,597.7 92.2 334.3 1.2 2,025.4 618.8 -4.2 250.0 8.5 15.9 16.1 0.4 21993 1,665.5 105.4 342.2 1.0 2,114.1 610.3 -4.0 277.5 9.2 16.2 16.8 0.5 31994 1,666.3 98.7 385.7 1.1 2,151.7 640.4 -3.4 254.0 9.2 17.0 15.5 0.5 31995 1,686.1 68.1 419.2 1.9 2,175.3 673.4 -2.7 305.4 7.6 18.0 13.4 0.5 31996 1,772.0 74.8 378.8 1.3 2,226.9 674.7 -3.1 341.2 8.4 17.8 14.3 0.5 31997 1,820.8 86.5 399.6 1.5 2,308.4 628.6 -4.0 350.6 8.7 18.5 14.7 0.5 31998 1,850.2 122.2 449.3 2.3 2,424.0 673.7 -4.5 317.9 8.6 19.2 14.8 0.5 31999 1,858.6 111.5 473.0 1.6 2,444.8 728.3 -6.1 314.7 9.0 19.5 14.8 0.5 42000 1,943.1 105.2 518.0 2.0 2,568.3 753.9 -5.5 271.3 8.9 20.3 14.1 0.5 52001 1,882.8 119.1 554.9 0.6 2,557.5 768.8 -8.8 213.7 8.3 19.5 13.7 0.5 62002 1,910.6 89.7 607.7 2.0 2,610.0 780.1 -8.7 260.5 9.0 20.2 14.5 0.6 102003 1,952.7 113.7 567.3 2.6 2,636.4 763.7 -8.5 271.5 9.5 20.8 14.4 0.5 112004 R1,957.2 R114.6 R627.5 R3.0 R2,702.3 R788.5 R-8.5 R265.1 R9.7 19.9 R14.8 0.6 R142005P 1,992.5 115.8 675.1 3.4 2,786.8 780.5 -6.6 261.9 9.9 20.6 15.1 0.5 14

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Included in "Conventional Hydroelectric Power."11 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and

independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.05 billion kilowatthours. Notes: • The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP)

plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary

business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the pub

industrial CHP and electricity-only data. • See Note 1, "Cove"Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: • 1949-September 1977—Federal Power Commi

Report." • October 1977-1981—Federal Energy Regulatory CPlant Report." • 1982-1988—Energy Information AdministratPlant Report." • 1989-1997—EIA, Form EIA-759, "Monthly "Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EReport," and Form EIA-860B, "Annual Electric Generator RepoEIA-906, "Power Plant Report." • 2004 forward—EIA, Form EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
230 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.2c Electricity Net Generation: Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-2005

 (Breakout of Table 8.2b; Billion Kilowatthours)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage 5

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power 

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 Wind 

6 Waste 7

Electricity-Only Plants 10

1989 1,554.0 158.3 266.9 0.0 1,979.3 529.4 11 ( ) 269.2 4.2 6.9 14.6 0.3 21990 1,560.2 117.6 264.7 (s) 1,942.4 576.9 -3.5 289.8 5.6 10.4 15.4 0.4 21991 1,551.9 112.2 267.8 (s) 1,931.9 612.6 -4.5 286.0 6.0 12.2 16.0 0.5 31992 1,577.1 90.1 270.9 (s) 1,938.0 618.8 -4.2 250.0 6.6 14.4 16.1 0.4 21993 1,642.1 100.6 267.2 (s) 2,009.9 610.3 -4.0 277.5 7.2 14.9 16.8 0.5 31994 1,639.9 92.1 299.7 (s) 2,031.7 640.4 -3.4 254.0 7.6 15.4 15.5 0.5 31995 1,658.0 62.0 317.4 (s) 2,037.4 673.4 -2.7 305.4 5.9 16.3 13.4 0.5 31996 1,742.8 68.5 272.8 (s) 2,084.1 674.7 -3.1 341.2 6.5 16.1 14.3 0.5 31997 1,793.2 80.3 291.1 (s) 2,164.6 628.6 -4.0 350.6 6.5 16.4 14.7 0.5 31998 1,823.0 115.7 335.9 0.1 2,274.6 673.7 -4.5 317.9 6.6 17.0 14.8 0.5 31999 1,832.1 104.8 356.6 (s) 2,293.6 728.3 -6.1 314.7 7.3 17.1 14.8 0.5 42000 1,910.6 98.0 399.4 0.2 2,408.2 753.9 -5.5 271.3 7.3 17.6 14.1 0.5 52001 1,851.8 113.2 427.0 (s) 2,392.0 768.8 -8.8 213.7 6.6 17.2 13.7 0.5 62002 1,881.2 83.3 456.8 0.2 2,421.5 780.1 -8.7 260.5 7.3 17.4 14.5 0.6 102003 1,915.8 108.5 421.2 0.3 2,445.7 763.7 -8.5 271.5 7.4 18.1 14.4 0.5 112004 R1,921.1 R109.4 R491.2 R0.4 R2,522.0 R788.5 R-8.5 R265.1 R8.1 R17.9 R14.8 0.6 R142005P 1,956.0 110.6 545.9 0.2 2,612.6 780.5 -6.6 261.9 8.3 18.5 15.1 0.5 14

Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants 12

1989 8.4 0.7 30.4 0.5 39.9 — — — 1.3 0.9 — — — 1990 11.9 1.3 44.8 0.6 58.7 — — — 1.4 1.1 — — — 1991 16.9 0.6 50.0 0.7 68.2 — — — 1.7 1.6 — — — 1992 20.7 2.2 63.4 1.2 87.4 — — — 1.9 1.5 — — — 1993 23.4 4.8 75.0 1.0 104.2 — — — 2.0 1.4 — — — 1994 26.4 6.6 86.0 1.1 120.1 — — — 1.6 1.6 — — — 1995 28.1 6.1 101.7 1.9 137.9 — — — 1.7 1.7 — — — 1996 29.2 6.3 105.9 1.3 142.7 — — — 1.9 1.7 — — — 1997 27.6 6.2 108.5 1.5 143.7 — — — 2.2 2.1 — — — 1998 27.2 6.6 113.4 2.3 149.4 — — — 2.0 2.3 — — — 1999 26.6 6.7 116.4 1.6 151.2 — — — 1.7 2.4 — — — 2000 32.5 7.2 118.6 1.8 160.2 — — — 1.6 2.7 — — — 2001 31.0 6.0 128.0 0.6 165.5 — — — 1.7 2.3 — — — 2002 29.4 6.5 150.9 1.7 188.5 — — — 1.7 2.8 — — — 2003 36.9 5.2 146.1 2.4 190.6 — — — 2.1 2.7 — — — 2004 R36.1 R5.2 R136.3 R2.6 R180.3 — — — R1.6 2.0 — — — 2005P 36.6 5.2 129.2 3.2 174.2 — — — 1.7 2.0 — — — 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Electricity-only plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) 22 category

whose primary business is to sell electricity to the public. Data also include a small number of electric utilitycombined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants.

11 Included in "Conventional Hydroelectric Power."

12 Combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 

sell electricity and heat to the public. Data do not include elecunder "Electricity-Only Plants."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less thaNotes: • See Table 8.2d for commercial and industrial CHP 

"Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification of end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of components due 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration (

Report," and Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power ProduEIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined H
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.2d Electricity Net Generation: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005

 (Subset of Table 8.2a; Billion Kilowatthours)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage 5

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothemal Solar Wood 8 Wind 

6 Waste 7

Commercial Sector 10

1989 0.7 0.6 2.2 0.1 3.6 — — 0.1 0.1 0.5 — — — 1990 0.8 0.6 3.3 0.1 4.8 — — 0.1 0.1 0.8 — — — 1991 0.8 0.4 3.2 0.1 4.5 — — 0.1 0.1 0.9 — — — 1992 0.7 0.3 3.9 0.1 5.0 — — 0.1 0.1 1.0 — — — 1993 0.9 0.3 4.5 0.1 5.8 — — 0.1 0.1 1.0 — — — 1994 0.8 0.4 4.9 0.1 6.3 — — 0.1 0.1 1.2 — — — 1995 1.0 0.4 5.2 0.0 6.5 — — 0.1 0.1 1.5 — — — 1996 1.1 0.4 5.2 (s) 6.7 — — 0.1 0.1 2.2 — — — 1997 1.0 0.4 4.7 (s) 6.2 — — 0.1 (s) 2.3 — — — 1998 1.0 0.4 4.9 (s) 6.3 — — 0.1 (s) 2.3 — — — 1999 1.0 0.4 4.6 (s) 6.0 — — 0.1 (s) 2.4 — — — 2000 1.1 0.4 4.3 (s) 5.8 — — 0.1 (s) 2.0 — — — 2001 1.0 0.4 4.4 (s) 5.9 — — 0.1 (s) 1.5 — — — 2002 1.0 0.4 4.3 (s) 5.7 — — (s) (s) 1.6 — — — 2003 1.2 0.4 3.9 0.0 5.5 — — 0.1 (s) 1.9 — — — 2004 R1.3 R0.5 R4.1 0.0 R5.8 — — 0.1 (s) R2.3 — — — 2005P 1.3 0.4 4.0 0.0 5.8 — — 0.1 (s) 2.4 — — — 

Industrial Sector 11

1989 20.7 5.0 53.2 7.3 86.1 — — 2.7 21.6 0.9 — — — 1990 21.1 7.2 60.0 9.6 97.9 — — 3.0 25.4 0.9 — — — 1991 21.0 6.5 60.6 10.5 98.6 — — 2.8 25.9 0.9 — — — 1992 22.7 7.6 65.9 12.0 108.2 — — 2.9 27.9 0.9 — — — 1993 23.7 7.0 68.2 11.9 110.9 — — 2.9 28.4 1.1 — — — 1994 23.6 6.8 69.6 12.1 112.1 — — 6.0 28.7 1.0 — — — 1995 22.4 6.0 71.7 11.9 112.1 — — 5.3 28.9 0.9 — — — 1996 22.2 6.3 71.0 13.0 112.5 — — 5.9 28.4 0.9 — — — 1997 23.2 5.6 75.1 11.8 115.8 — — 5.7 28.2 0.9 — — — 1998 22.3 6.2 77.1 11.2 116.8 — — 5.3 27.7 0.9 — — — 1999 21.5 6.1 78.8 12.5 118.9 — — 4.8 28.1 0.7 — — — 2000 22.1 5.6 78.8 11.9 118.4 — — 4.1 28.7 0.8 — — — 2001 20.1 5.3 79.8 8.5 113.6 — — 3.1 26.9 0.8 — — — 2002 21.5 4.4 79.0 9.5 114.4 — — 3.8 29.6 1.1 — — — 2003 19.8 5.3 78.7 13.0 116.8 — — 4.2 28.0 1.0 — — — 2004 R20.1 R5.6 R77.4 R13.7 R116.9 — — R3.2 27.8 1.1 — — — 2005P 20.3 5.7 72.4 12.3 110.7 — — 3.1 27.9 1.1 — — — 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.

11 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial e

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less thNotes: • See Tables 8.2b and 8.2c for electric power secto

1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and Note 2, "Classificatioat end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of components d

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administratio

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "PoweEIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined 
Figure 8.3 Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants

Total (All Sectors), 1989-2005 Total (All Sectors) by Source, 2005By Sector, 1989-2005 By Sector, 2005232 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from

fossil fuels.

2 Batteries, chemicals hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous

technologies.

(s) = Less than 0.05 quadrillion Btu.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 8.3a–8.3c.

437

273

187

103

Wood Natural Coal Other Pe

0

100200300400500

Trillion Btu

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0.00.51.01.52.02.5

Quadrillion Btu

Gases1

0.9

0.1

Industrial Electric Power 

0.0

0.2

0.40.60.81.0

Quadrillion Btu

Industrial

Gas

Commercial Electric Power

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0.00.51.01.52.0

Quadrillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.3a Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Total (All Sectors), 1989

 (Sum of Tables 8.3b and 8.3c; Trillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2 Natural Gas 3 Other Gases 4 Total

Biomass

Wood Total 5 Waste 6

1989 323 96 462 93 973 546 30 577 1990 363 127 538 141 1,169 651 36 687 1991 352 112 547 148 1,159 623 37 660 1992 367 117 592 160 1,236 658 40 698 1993 373 129 604 142 1,248 668 45 713 1994 388 133 646 144 1,309 722 45 767 1995 386 121 686 145 1,338 721 47 768 1996 392 133 711 150 1,385 701 55 756 1997 389 137 713 150 1,389 731 55 785 1998 382 136 782 167 1,466 700 57 757 1999 386 125 811 179 1,501 690 55 744 2000 384 108 812 184 1,488 707 56 764 2001 354 90 741 133 1,318 556 41 597 2002 337 73 709 118 1,236 546 39 585 2003 333 85 610 110 1,139 597 49 646 2004 R346 R96 R505 R134 R1,081 R661 R36 R697 2005P 187 46 273 103 608 437 16 453 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 6 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 7 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Data do not include electric utility combined-heat

"Coverage of Electricity Statistics," at end of section. • See "Usmay not equal sum of components due to independent rounding

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Tables 8.3b and 8.3c.
234 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.3b Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Electric Power Sector, 1

 (Subset of Table 8.3a; Trillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2 Natural Gas 3 Other Gases 4 Total

Biomass

Wood Total 5 Waste 6

1989 13 8 67 2 90 19 5 24 1990 21 9 80 4 114 18 6 25 1991 21 6 82 4 113 17 9 26 1992 28 6 102 5 140 17 8 25 1993 30 8 107 3 147 16 8 24 1994 37 9 119 5 170 15 10 24 1995 40 13 118 4 176 15 12 27 1996 43 12 121 4 180 16 16 33 1997 39 12 132 8 191 16 14 30 1998 43 6 142 5 196 10 16 26 1999 52 7 146 4 208 10 20 30 2000 53 7 158 5 223 6 19 26 2001 52 6 164 5 226 8 8 16 2002 40 4 214 6 264 8 10 17 2003 38 7 200 9 255 9 14 23 2004 R22 1 R130 R16 R169 R6 R3 R9 2005P 11 1 93 27 133 7 3 10 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 6 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 7 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Notes: • Data are for combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity and heat to the

public. Data do not include electric utility CHP plants. • See Ta

data. • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and NEnergy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • See "Useful Thermequal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.3c Useful Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Commercial and Industr

 (Subset of Table 8.3a; Trillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2 Natural Gas 3 Other Gases 4 Total

Biomass

Wood Total 5 Waste 6

Commercial Sector 8

1989 14 4 10 (s) 27 (s) 10 10 1990 15 5 16 (s) 36 (s) 10 11 1991 16 4 21 (s) 41 (s) 9 9 1992 15 4 24 (s) 44 (s) 13 14 1993 18 4 23 (s) 45 (s) 14 14 1994 18 4 26 (s) 48 (s) 14 14 1995 17 3 29 0 48 (s) 15 15 1996 20 3 33 0 55 1 17 18 1997 22 4 40 (s) 66 1 19 20 1998 20 5 39 (s) 64 1 18 18 1999 20 3 37 0 61 1 17 17 2000 21 4 39 0 64 1 17 18 2001 18 4 35 0 58 1 13 14 2002 18 3 36 0 57 1 11 12 2003 23 3 17 0 42 1 14 14 2004 R24 R4 R21 0 R49 1 R16 R17 2005P 19 1 16 0 36 1 4 4 

Industrial Sector 9

1989 297 84 385 90 856 527 15 542 1990 327 113 443 137 1,019 632 20 652 1991 315 103 444 144 1,005 606 19 625 1992 324 107 466 155 1,052 641 19 660 1993 325 117 475 139 1,055 652 23 675 1994 333 119 501 138 1,092 707 21 729 1995 329 105 540 140 1,114 706 20 726 1996 329 118 557 146 1,150 684 21 705 1997 328 121 541 142 1,132 713 22 735 1998 318 124 601 162 1,206 689 24 713 1999 313 115 629 175 1,233 679 18 697 2000 309 98 615 179 1,201 700 20 720 2001 284 80 542 128 1,034 548 20 567 2002 278 66 458 112 914 537 19 556 2003 272 75 393 101 842 588 21 609 2004 R300 R91 R353 R118 R862 R654 R16 R671 2005P 156 44 164 75 439 429 9 438 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 6 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 7 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 8 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants. 9 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. 

Notes: • See Table 8.3b for electric power sector CHP dat

Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into Ene"Useful Thermal Output" in Glossary. • Totals may not equarounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
Figure 8.4 Consumption for Electricity Generation

Total and Energy Categories, 1949-2005 By Major Fuel, 2005By Major Fuel, 1949-2005 By Sector, 1989-2005236 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Conventional hydroelectric power.2 Other gases, wind, electricity net imports, solar, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch,

purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

3 Combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of 

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 8.4a-8.4c.

Fossil Fuels

Renewable Energy

Nuclear Electric

Power

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1020304050

Quadrillion Btu

21.0

8.1

6.7

2.7

1.3 0

Coal Nuclear Natural Hydro- Petro- Wo

05

10152025

Quadrillion Btu

Total Energy

Electric

Power

Gas Electric

Power1

leum 

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

06

12

1824

Quadrillion Btu

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1

0

153045

Quadrillion Btu

Electric Power Sector

Coal

Nuclear Electric

Power

Petroleum

Natural Gas

Renewable

Energy

Com

Industrial3
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.4a Consumption for Electricity Generation by Energy Source: Total (All Sectors), Select

 (Sum of Tables 8.4b and 8.4c; Trillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 7 Wind Total 5 Waste 6

1949 1,995 415 569 NA 2,979 0 1,425 6 NA NA NA NA 1,431 1950 2,199 472 651 NA 3,322 0 1,415 5 NA NA NA NA 1,421 1955 3,458 471 1,194 NA 5,123 0 1,360 3 NA NA NA NA 1,363 1960 4,228 553 1,785 NA 6,565 6 1,608 2 NA 1 NA NA 1,610 1965 5,821 722 2,395 NA 8,938 43 2,059 3 NA 4 NA NA 2,066 1970 7,227 2,117 4,054 NA 13,399 239 2,634 1 2 11 NA NA 2,649 1971 7,299 2,495 4,099 NA 13,893 413 2,824 1 2 12 NA NA 2,839 1972 7,811 3,097 4,084 NA 14,992 584 2,864 1 2 31 NA NA 2,899 1973 8,658 3,515 3,748 NA 15,921 910 2,861 1 2 43 NA NA 2,907 1974 8,534 3,365 3,519 NA 15,418 1,272 3,177 1 2 53 NA NA 3,232 1975 8,786 3,166 3,240 NA 15,191 1,900 3,155 (s) 2 70 NA NA 3,227 1976 9,720 3,477 3,152 NA 16,349 2,111 2,976 1 2 78 NA NA 3,057 1977 10,262 3,901 3,284 NA 17,446 2,702 2,333 3 2 77 NA NA 2,416 1978 10,238 3,987 3,297 NA 17,522 3,024 2,937 2 1 64 NA NA 3,005 1979 11,260 3,283 3,613 NA 18,156 2,776 2,931 3 2 84 NA NA 3,020 1980 12,123 2,634 3,810 NA 18,567 2,739 2,900 3 2 110 NA NA 3,014 1981 12,583 2,202 3,768 NA 18,553 3,008 2,758 3 1 123 NA NA 2,885 1982 12,582 1,568 3,342 NA 17,491 3,131 3,266 2 1 105 NA NA 3,374 1983 13,213 1,544 2,998 NA 17,754 3,203 3,527 2 2 129 NA (s) 3,661 1984 14,019 1,286 3,220 NA 18,526 3,553 3,386 5 4 165 (s) (s) 3,560 1985 14,542 1,090 3,160 NA 18,792 4,076 2,970 8 7 198 (s) (s) 3,183 1986 14,444 1,452 2,691 NA 18,586 4,380 3,071 5 7 219 (s) (s) 3,303 1987 15,173 1,257 2,935 NA 19,365 4,754 2,635 8 7 229 (s) (s) 2,879 1988 15,850 1,563 2,709 NA 20,123 5,587 2,334 10 8 217 (s) (s) 2,569 1989 1016,359 101,757 103,581 90 1021,789 105,602 112,837 10345 10151 10308 103 1022 103,665 1990 16,477 1,367 3,752 112 21,708 6,104 3,046 442 211 326 4 29 4,058 1991 16,460 1,276 3,861 125 21,723 6,422 3,016 425 247 335 5 31 4,058 1992 16,686 1,076 3,999 141 21,903 6,479 2,617 481 283 338 4 30 3,752 1993 17,424 1,203 4,027 136 22,790 6,410 2,892 485 288 351 5 31 4,052 1994 17,485 1,135 4,476 136 23,233 6,694 2,683 498 301 325 5 36 3,848 1995 17,687 813 4,840 133 23,473 7,075 3,205 480 316 280 5 33 4,318 1996 18,650 888 4,400 159 24,097 7,087 3,590 513 324 300 5 33 4,765 1997 19,128 985 4,658 119 24,890 6,597 3,640 484 339 309 5 34 4,811 1998 19,417 1,378 5,205 125 26,124 7,068 3,297 475 332 311 5 31 4,450 1999 19,467 1,285 5,441 126 26,320 7,610 3,268 490 332 312 5 46 4,452 2000 20,443 1,212 5,818 126 27,599 7,862 2,811 496 330 296 5 57 3,995 2001 19,734 1,337 5,982 97 27,150 8,033 2,242 486 347 289 6 70 3,438 2002 19,997 1,014 6,250 131 27,392 8,143 2,689 605 399 305 6 105 4,109 2003 20,367 1,266 5,736 156 27,525 7,959 2,825 519 383 303 5 115 4,150 2004 R20,508 R1,281 R6,329 R187 R28,305 R8,222 R2,690 R534 R391 R311 6 R142 R4,073 2005P 21,010 1,317 6,692 189 29,208 8,133 2,715 625 415 318 6 149 4,227 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 6 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 7 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 8 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 9 Net imports equal imports minus exports. See Note 3, "Electricity Imports and Exports," at end of

section.

10 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities,

independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial plants.

11 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities and industrial plants. Beginning in 1989, data are for

electric utilities, independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial plants.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • Data are for energy consumed to produce electric

produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utilit• This table no longer shows energy consumption by hydroelewas made because most of the electricity used to pump water inby plants other than pumped-storage plants; thus, the associatedata columns in this table (such as "Conventional Hydroelectric • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," at end of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: • 1949-1988—Table 8.4b for electric power sector, 

• 1989 forward—Tables 8.4b and 8.4c.
238 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.4b Consumption for Electricity Generation by Energy Source: Electric Power Sector, 

 Selected Years, 1949-2005 (Subset of Table 8.4a; Trillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 7 Wind Total 5 Waste 6

1949 1,995 415 569 NA 2,979 0 1,349 6 NA NA NA NA 1,355 1950 2,199 472 651 NA 3,322 0 1,346 5 NA NA NA NA 1,351 1955 3,458 471 1,194 NA 5,123 0 1,322 3 NA NA NA NA 1,325 1960 4,228 553 1,785 NA 6,565 6 1,569 2 NA 1 NA NA 1,571 1965 5,821 722 2,395 NA 8,938 43 2,026 3 NA 4 NA NA 2,033 1970 7,227 2,117 4,054 NA 13,399 239 2,600 1 2 11 NA NA 2,615 1971 7,299 2,495 4,099 NA 13,893 413 2,790 1 2 12 NA NA 2,806 1972 7,811 3,097 4,084 NA 14,992 584 2,829 1 2 31 NA NA 2,864 1973 8,658 3,515 3,748 NA 15,921 910 2,827 1 2 43 NA NA 2,873 1974 8,534 3,365 3,519 NA 15,418 1,272 3,143 1 2 53 NA NA 3,199 1975 8,786 3,166 3,240 NA 15,191 1,900 3,122 (s) 2 70 NA NA 3,194 1976 9,720 3,477 3,152 NA 16,349 2,111 2,943 1 2 78 NA NA 3,024 1977 10,262 3,901 3,284 NA 17,446 2,702 2,301 3 2 77 NA NA 2,383 1978 10,238 3,987 3,297 NA 17,522 3,024 2,905 2 1 64 NA NA 2,973 1979 11,260 3,283 3,613 NA 18,156 2,776 2,897 3 2 84 NA NA 2,986 1980 12,123 2,634 3,810 NA 18,567 2,739 2,867 3 2 110 NA NA 2,982 1981 12,583 2,202 3,768 NA 18,553 3,008 2,725 3 1 123 NA NA 2,852 1982 12,582 1,568 3,342 NA 17,491 3,131 3,233 2 1 105 NA NA 3,341 1983 13,213 1,544 2,998 NA 17,754 3,203 3,494 2 2 129 NA (s) 3,627 1984 14,019 1,286 3,220 NA 18,526 3,553 3,353 5 4 165 (s) (s) 3,527 1985 14,542 1,090 3,160 NA 18,792 4,076 2,937 8 7 198 (s) (s) 3,150 1986 14,444 1,452 2,691 NA 18,586 4,380 3,038 5 7 219 (s) (s) 3,270 1987 15,173 1,257 2,935 NA 19,365 4,754 2,602 8 7 229 (s) (s) 2,846 1988 15,850 1,563 2,709 NA 20,123 5,587 2,302 10 8 217 (s) (s) 2,536 1989 1016,121 101,697 103,107 7 1020,932 105,602 102,808 1075 10126 10308 103 1022 103,342 1990 16,235 1,281 3,224 6 20,746 6,104 3,014 106 180 326 4 29 3,658 1991 16,223 1,199 3,296 6 20,725 6,422 2,985 104 217 335 5 31 3,677 1992 16,431 990 3,407 12 20,840 6,479 2,586 120 252 338 4 30 3,329 1993 17,159 1,122 3,426 12 21,719 6,410 2,861 129 255 351 5 31 3,632 1994 17,215 1,056 3,851 12 22,134 6,694 2,620 134 269 325 5 36 3,389 1995 17,416 743 4,179 18 22,356 7,075 3,149 106 282 280 5 33 3,855 1996 18,375 810 3,730 16 22,930 7,087 3,528 117 280 300 5 33 4,264 1997 18,855 917 3,981 14 23,768 6,597 3,581 117 292 309 5 34 4,337 1998 19,162 1,306 4,520 23 25,011 7,068 3,241 125 287 311 5 31 4,000 1999 19,214 1,211 4,742 14 25,181 7,610 3,218 125 290 312 5 46 3,996 2000 20,185 1,145 5,120 19 26,470 7,862 2,768 126 294 296 5 57 3,547 2001 19,494 1,270 5,271 9 26,044 8,033 2,209 116 314 289 6 70 3,003 2002 19,733 955 5,522 25 26,235 8,143 2,650 141 353 305 6 105 3,560 2003 20,137 1,199 5,009 30 26,374 7,959 2,781 156 337 303 5 115 3,697 2004 R20,277 R1,216 R5,489 R38 R27,020 R8,222 R2,656 R157 R340 R311 6 R142 R3,613 2005P 20,738 1,235 5,878 40 27,891 8,133 2,682 159 359 318 6 149 3,674 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 6 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 7 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 8 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 9 Net imports equal imports minus exports. See Note 3, "Electricity Imports and Exports," at end of

section.

10 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and

independent power producers. 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Notes: • Data are for energy consumed to produce electricity. Data also include energy consumed to

produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utility combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants. 

• The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within

the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell

electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. • See Table 8

electricity-only data. • This table no longer shows energy conplants. The change was made because most of the electricity reservoirs is generated by plants other than pumped-storage plaaccounted for in other data columns in this table (such as "C"Natural Gas," and so on). • See Note 1, "Coverage of ElectricPower Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • Toto independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: Electricity Net Imports: Tables 8.1 and A6. All 

8.5b, A1, A4, A5, and A6. • 1989-1997—Energy Information AdPower Plant Report," and Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility PowForm EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined H
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.4c Consumption for Electricity Generation by Energy Source: Commercial and Industrial Sect

 (Subset of Table 8.4a; Trillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Renewable Energy

Other 

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Other

Gases 4 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 7 Wind Total 5 Waste 6

Commercial Sector 9

1989 9 7 18 1 36 — 1 2 9 — — — 12 0 1990 9 6 27 1 43 — 1 2 15 — — — 18 0 1991 9 3 28 1 41 — 1 2 15 — — — 18 (s1992 8 3 33 1 45 — 1 1 16 — — — 19 (s1993 9 4 38 1 53 — 1 1 16 — — — 18 0 1994 9 4 42 1 56 — 1 1 17 — — — 19 0 1995 12 4 44 0 60 — 1 1 21 — — — 23 (s1996 14 4 44 0 62 — 1 1 31 — — — 33 (s1997 14 5 40 (s) 59 — 1 1 34 — — — 35 0 1998 11 5 42 (s) 57 — 1 1 32 — — — 34 0 1999 12 6 40 0 57 — 1 (s) 33 — — — 35 0 2000 12 5 38 0 55 — 1 (s) 26 — — — 28 (s2001 13 6 37 0 56 — 1 (s) 22 — — — 23 0 2002 9 4 31 0 44 — (s) (s) 28 — — — 29 1 2003 13 5 39 0 58 — 1 (s) 30 — — — 31 (s2004 13 R7 R47 0 R67 — 1 1 R35 — — — R37 R (s) 2005P 16 6 47 0 69 — 1 1 41 — — — 43 (s

Industrial Sector 10

1989 229 53 456 83 821 — 28 267 15 — — — 311 37 1990 233 80 500 104 918 — 31 335 16 — — — 382 36 1991 228 74 537 118 957 — 30 318 14 — — — 362 55 1992 246 84 559 128 1,017 — 31 359 15 — — — 405 37 1993 256 77 562 123 1,019 — 30 355 17 — — — 401 31 1994 261 75 584 123 1,043 — 62 364 14 — — — 440 38 1995 259 66 617 114 1,057 — 55 373 13 — — — 440 40 1996 261 74 626 143 1,104 — 61 394 13 — — — 468 35 1997 260 63 637 105 1,064 — 58 367 14 — — — 439 36 1998 245 67 643 102 1,056 — 55 349 13 — — — 417 35 1999 242 68 660 112 1,081 — 49 364 8 — — — 422 39 2000 245 61 660 107 1,074 — 42 369 10 — — — 421 45 2001 227 62 674 88 1,051 — 33 370 10 — — — 412 41 2002 255 55 697 106 1,113 — 39 464 18 — — — 520 41 2003 217 61 687 127 1,093 — 43 362 16 — — — 422 43 2004 R217 R59 R793 R149 R1,218 — R33 R376 R15 — — — R423 R35 2005P 256 76 767 148 1,248 — 32 465 14 — — — 511 32 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 5 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 6 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 7 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 8 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 9 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.

10 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillioNotes: • Data are for energy consumed to produce electricity. • Se

sector electricity-only and CHP data. • See Note 1, "Coverage of El"Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of sectioncomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration (EIA), Fo

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form EIA-860BReport—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power Plant RepoEIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined Heat and P
Figure 8.5a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation, 1989-2005

Coal Natural GasPetroleum Wood and Waste240 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Residual Fuel

Total Petroleum

Source: Table 8.5a.

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0

0.30.60.9

1.2

Billion Short Tons

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 19

0

1

2

34567

Trillion Cubic Feet

Waste

Wood

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1

0.0

0.2

0.40.60.8

Quadrillion Btu

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0

50

100150200250300

Million Barrels
Figure 8.5b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation by Sector, 2005

Coal Natural GasPetroleum Wood and Waste

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

5.7

0.7

Electric Power Industrial2 

0

2

46

Trillion Cubic Feet

—CHP1

1 Combined-heat-and-power plants.

2 Combined-heat-and-power and electricity-only plants.

(s)=Less than 0.05 trillion cubic feet.Sources: Tables 8.5b-8.5d.

ElectricityOnly

Plants

1,038

12 1

Electric Power Industrial2 Commercial2

0

200400600800

1,0001,200

Million Short Tons Electricity- Only Plants

CHP1

—CHP1

201

13 1

Electric Power Industrial2 Commercial2

0

50

100150200250

Million Barrels

519

479

Electric Power Industrial2 

0

200400600

Trillion Btu Electricity- Only

Plants

ElectricityOnly

Plants

CHP1
242 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.5a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Total (All Sectors), Se

 (Sum of Tables 8.5b and 8.5d)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

1949 83,963 4,767 61,534 NA NA 66,301 550,121 NA 1950 91,871 5,423 69,998 NA NA 75,421 628,919 NA 1955 143,759 5,412 69,862 NA NA 75,274 1,153,280 NA 1960 176,685 3,824 84,371 NA NA 88,195 1,724,762 NA 1965 244,788 4,928 110,274 NA NA 115,203 2,321,101 NA 1970 320,182 24,123 311,381 NA 636 338,686 3,931,860 NA 1971 327,301 34,283 362,187 NA 605 399,496 3,976,018 NA 1972 351,768 53,465 440,294 NA 627 496,895 3,976,913 NA 1973 389,212 47,058 513,190 NA 507 562,781 3,660,172 NA 1974 391,811 53,128 483,146 NA 625 539,399 3,443,428 NA 1975 405,962 38,907 467,221 NA 70 506,479 3,157,669 NA 1976 448,371 41,843 514,077 NA 68 556,261 3,080,868 NA 1977 477,126 48,837 574,869 NA 98 624,193 3,191,200 NA 1978 481,235 47,520 588,319 NA 398 637,830 3,188,363 NA 1979 527,051 30,691 492,606 NA 268 524,636 3,490,523 NA 1980 569,274 29,051 391,163 NA 179 421,110 3,681,595 NA 1981 596,797 21,313 329,798 NA 139 351,806 3,640,154 NA 1982 593,666 15,337 234,434 NA 149 250,517 3,225,518 NA 1983 625,211 16,512 228,984 NA 261 246,804 2,910,767 NA 1984 664,399 15,190 189,289 NA 252 205,736 3,111,342 NA 1985 693,841 14,635 158,779 NA 231 174,571 3,044,083 NA 1986 685,056 14,326 216,156 NA 313 232,046 2,602,370 NA 1987 717,894 15,367 184,011 NA 348 201,116 2,844,051 NA 1988 758,372 18,769 229,327 NA 409 250,141 2,635,613 NA 198911 781,672 27,733 249,820 303 667 281,192 3,485,429 90 1990 792,457 18,143 190,849 437 1,914 218,997 3,691,563 112 1991 793,666 16,564 177,780 380 1,789 203,669 3,764,778 125 1992 805,140 14,493 144,467 759 2,504 172,241 3,899,718 141 1993 842,153 16,845 159,059 715 3,169 192,462 3,928,653 136 1994 848,796 22,365 145,225 929 3,020 183,618 4,367,148 136 1995 860,594 19,615 95,507 680 3,355 132,578 4,737,871 133 1996 907,209 20,252 106,055 1,712 3,322 144,626 4,312,458 159 1997 931,949 20,309 118,741 237 4,086 159,715 4,564,770 119 1998 946,295 25,062 172,728 549 4,860 222,640 5,081,384 125 1999 949,802 25,951 158,187 974 4,552 207,871 5,321,984 126 2000 994,933 31,675 143,381 1,450 3,744 195,228 5,691,481 126 2001 972,691 31,150 165,312 855 3,871 216,672 5,832,305 97 2002 987,583 23,286 109,235 1,894 6,836 168,597 6,126,062 131 2003 1,014,058 29,672 142,518 2,947 6,303 206,653 5,616,135 156 2004 R1,026,011 R20,660 R145,169 R3,959 R7,942 R209,496 R6,111,307 R187 2005P 1,051,177 21,910 146,831 3,666 8,510 214,957 6,465,972 189 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1949-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal combustion plant use of

petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1949-1979, data are for steam plant use of petroleum. For 1980-2000,

electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4.

4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, su11 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginn

independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electrici

produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utilit• See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," at end of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: Tables 8.5b and 8.5d.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.5b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Electric Power Sector,

 Selected Years, 1949-2005 (Subset of Table 8.5a)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 Woo

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

1949 83,963 4,767 61,534 NA NA 66,301 550,121 NA 1950 91,871 5,423 69,998 NA NA 75,421 628,919 NA 1955 143,759 5,412 69,862 NA NA 75,274 1,153,280 NA 1960 176,685 3,824 84,371 NA NA 88,195 1,724,762 NA 1965 244,788 4,928 110,274 NA NA 115,203 2,321,101 NA 1970 320,182 24,123 311,381 NA 636 338,686 3,931,860 NA 1971 327,301 34,283 362,187 NA 605 399,496 3,976,018 NA 1972 351,768 53,465 440,294 NA 627 496,895 3,976,913 NA 1973 389,212 47,058 513,190 NA 507 562,781 3,660,172 NA 1974 391,811 53,128 483,146 NA 625 539,399 3,443,428 NA 1975 405,962 38,907 467,221 NA 70 506,479 3,157,669 NA 1976 448,371 41,843 514,077 NA 68 556,261 3,080,868 NA 1977 477,126 48,837 574,869 NA 98 624,193 3,191,200 NA 1978 481,235 47,520 588,319 NA 398 637,830 3,188,363 NA 1979 527,051 30,691 492,606 NA 268 524,636 3,490,523 NA 1980 569,274 29,051 391,163 NA 179 421,110 3,681,595 NA 1981 596,797 21,313 329,798 NA 139 351,806 3,640,154 NA 1982 593,666 15,337 234,434 NA 149 250,517 3,225,518 NA 1983 625,211 16,512 228,984 NA 261 246,804 2,910,767 NA 1984 664,399 15,190 189,289 NA 252 205,736 3,111,342 NA 1985 693,841 14,635 158,779 NA 231 174,571 3,044,083 NA 1986 685,056 14,326 216,156 NA 313 232,046 2,602,370 NA 1987 717,894 15,367 184,011 NA 348 201,116 2,844,051 NA 1988 758,372 18,769 229,327 NA 409 250,141 2,635,613 NA 198911 771,551 26,036 242,708 9 517 271,340 3,023,513 7 1990 781,301 16,394 183,285 25 1,008 204,745 3,147,289 6 1991 782,653 14,255 171,629 58 974 190,810 3,216,056 6 1992 793,390 12,469 137,681 118 1,490 157,719 3,324,963 12 1993 829,851 14,559 151,407 213 2,571 179,034 3,344,239 12 1994 836,113 20,241 137,198 667 2,256 169,387 3,758,484 12 1995 847,854 18,066 88,895 441 2,452 119,663 4,093,773 18 1996 894,400 18,472 98,795 567 2,467 130,168 3,659,810 16 1997 919,009 18,646 112,423 130 3,201 147,202 3,903,195 14 1998 934,126 23,166 165,875 411 3,999 209,447 4,415,813 23 1999 937,888 23,875 151,921 514 3,607 194,345 4,643,775 14 2000 982,713 29,722 138,047 403 3,155 183,946 5,014,071 19 2001 961,523 29,056 159,150 374 3,308 205,119 5,142,493 9 2002 975,251 21,810 104,577 1,243 5,705 156,154 5,408,279 25 2003 1,003,036 27,441 137,361 1,937 5,719 195,336 4,909,248 30 2004 R1,015,073 R18,918 R139,804 R2,702 R7,357 R198,209 R5,300,892 R38 R2005P 1,038,359 20,046 139,918 2,333 7,730 200,947 5,679,171 40 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1949-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal combustion plant use of

petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1949-1979, data are for steam plant use of petroleum. For 1980-2000,

electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4.

4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 11 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and

independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu. Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity. Data also include fuels consumed to

produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utility combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants. 

• The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combine

the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) 22 categelectricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. • See Table 8.5d foelectricity-only data. • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity StatisticsPlants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • Totals may independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.htm

Sources: • 1949-September 1977—Federal Power Commission

Report." • October 1977-1981—Federal Energy Regulatory CommPlant Report." • 1982-1988—Energy Information Administration (Plant Report." • 1989-1997—EIA, Form EIA-759, "Monthly Powe"Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Report," and Form EIA-860B, "Annual Electric Generator Report—NEIA-906, "Power Plant Report." • 2004 forward—EIA, Form EIA-9EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
244 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.5c Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Electric Power Sector 

 1989-2005 (Breakout of Table 8.5b)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

Electricity-Only Plants 11

1989 767,378 25,574 241,960 3 517 270,125 2,790,567 0 1990 774,213 14,956 181,231 17 1,008 201,246 2,794,110 (s) 1991 773,183 13,822 171,157 51 974 189,898 2,822,159 (s) 1992 781,186 11,998 135,779 48 1,320 154,428 2,828,996 (s) 1993 816,558 13,460 149,287 11 1,553 170,521 2,755,093 (s) 1994 821,209 16,693 134,666 52 1,193 157,375 3,064,561 (s) 1995 832,928 16,169 86,584 133 1,082 108,297 3,287,571 (s) 1996 878,825 17,361 96,386 50 1,010 118,848 2,823,724 (s) 1997 904,245 17,702 109,989 30 1,687 136,156 3,039,227 1 1998 920,353 22,293 163,541 295 2,202 197,137 3,543,931 1 1999 924,692 22,877 149,193 380 1,891 181,905 3,729,175 1 2000 967,080 28,001 135,419 94 1,457 170,799 4,092,729 2 2001 946,068 27,695 157,090 26 1,827 193,945 4,163,930 (s) 2002 960,077 21,521 102,622 444 3,925 144,212 4,258,467 6 2003 983,538 25,951 136,050 936 4,794 186,904 3,780,314 6 2004 R994,768 R17,935 R137,734 R1,441 R6,096 R187,590 R4,138,161 R5 2005P 1,017,194 19,091 137,676 1,501 6,536 190,949 4,570,866 2 

Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants 12

1989 4,173 462 747 6 0 1,215 232,946 7 1990 7,088 1,438 2,054 7 0 3,499 353,179 6 1991 9,470 433 473 7 0 912 393,898 6 1992 12,204 471 1,902 69 170 3,291 495,967 12 1993 13,293 1,098 2,120 202 1,018 8,513 589,147 12 1994 14,904 3,548 2,531 615 1,063 12,011 693,923 12 1995 14,926 1,898 2,311 307 1,370 11,366 806,202 18 1996 15,575 1,111 2,410 517 1,456 11,320 836,086 15 1997 14,764 944 2,434 100 1,514 11,046 863,968 14 1998 13,773 872 2,334 117 1,797 12,310 871,881 21 1999 13,197 998 2,728 134 1,716 12,440 914,600 14 2000 15,634 1,721 2,627 310 1,698 13,147 921,341 17 2001 15,455 1,360 2,059 347 1,482 11,175 978,563 9 2002 15,174 289 1,955 800 1,780 11,942 1,149,812 20 2003 19,498 1,491 1,311 1,002 926 8,431 1,128,935 23 2004 R20,305 R983 R2,070 R1,261 R1,261 R10,619 R1,162,731 R33 2005P 21,165 955 2,242 832 1,194 9,998 1,108,305 39 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene

and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.11 Electricity-only plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) 22 category

whose primary business is to sell electricity to the public. Data also include a small number of electric utilitycombined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants.

12 Combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to

sell electricity and heat to the public. Data do not include elec

under "Electricity-Only Plants."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5. Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electric

produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utilit• See Table 8.5d for commercial and industrial CHP and electriElectricity Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification of Power Plsection. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to inde

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration (

Report," and Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power ProduEIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined H
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.5d Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation: Commercial and Indus

 1989-2005 (Subset of Table 8.5a)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

Commercial Sector 11

1989 414 882 282 0 0 1,165 17,987 1 1990 417 580 372 (s) 0 953 27,544 1 1991 403 430 146 (s) 0 576 26,806 1 1992 371 289 137 (s) 1 429 32,674 1 1993 404 384 279 4 1 672 37,435 1 1994 404 481 209 0 1 694 40,828 1 1995 569 493 152 (s) 1 649 42,700 0 1996 656 422 218 (s) 1 645 42,380 0 1997 630 583 200 0 1 790 38,975 (s) 1998 440 436 359 0 1 802 40,693 (s) 1999 481 506 421 0 1 931 39,045 0 2000 514 505 310 1 1 823 37,029 0 2001 532 520 469 2 6 1,023 36,248 0 2002 477 524 292 10 2 834 32,545 0 2003 582 553 326 3 2 894 38,480 0 2004 R602 R821 R350 1 3 R1,188 R45,876 0 2005P 741 666 323 1 3 1,007 45,382 0 

Industrial Sector 12

1989 9,707 815 6,830 294 150 8,688 443,928 83 1990 10,740 1,169 7,192 412 905 13,299 516,729 104 1991 10,610 1,879 6,004 322 815 12,283 521,916 118 1992 11,379 1,735 6,650 642 1,013 14,093 542,081 128 1993 11,898 1,902 7,373 498 597 12,755 546,978 123 1994 12,279 1,644 7,818 263 762 13,537 567,836 123 1995 12,171 1,056 6,460 239 902 12,265 601,397 114 1996 12,153 1,359 7,042 1,145 853 13,813 610,268 143 1997 12,311 1,079 6,118 107 884 11,723 622,599 105 1998 11,728 1,461 6,494 137 860 12,392 624,878 102 1999 11,432 1,571 5,845 460 944 12,595 639,165 112 2000 11,706 1,448 5,024 1,046 588 10,459 640,381 107 2001 10,636 1,574 5,693 479 557 10,530 653,565 88 2002 11,855 952 4,366 640 1,130 11,608 685,239 106 2003 10,440 1,678 4,831 1,006 582 10,424 668,407 127 2004 R10,337 R921 R5,015 R1,256 R581 R10,099 R764,539 R149 2005P 12,078 1,198 6,590 1,332 777 13,003 741,419 148 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. 3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.11 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.

12 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial e

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5. Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity

power sector electricity-only and CHP data. • See Note 1, "Cov"Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined H
Figure 8.6 Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output

at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants by Sector, 1989-2005

Coal Natural GasPetroleum Wood and Waste246 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Sources: Table 8.6b and 8.6c.

Electric Power

Industrial

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1

0

200400600800

Billion Cubic Feet

Industrial

Commercial Commercial

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

05

101520

Million Short Tons

Electric Power

Industrial

Commercial

Electric Power

Industrial

Electric Power and Commerci

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

05

1015202530

Million Barrels

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 

0

250500750

1,000

Trillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.6a Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output

 at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Total (All Sectors), 1989-2005 (Sum of Tables 8.6b 

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

1989 16,510 1,410 16,391 353 247 19,391 563,307 116 1990 19,081 2,050 18,465 895 918 26,002 654,749 176 1991 18,458 3,027 15,293 835 777 23,039 663,963 185 1992 19,372 2,358 16,474 935 862 24,077 717,860 200 1993 19,750 2,449 17,933 857 1,031 26,394 733,584 178 1994 20,609 2,811 18,822 609 1,137 27,929 784,015 180 1995 20,418 2,082 16,661 642 1,235 25,562 834,382 181 1996 20,806 2,192 18,552 756 1,275 27,873 865,774 187 1997 21,005 2,584 15,882 289 2,009 28,802 868,569 188 1998 20,320 4,944 16,539 681 1,336 28,845 949,106 209 1999 20,373 4,665 14,133 838 1,437 26,822 982,958 224 2000 20,466 2,897 13,292 1,455 924 22,266 985,263 230 2001 18,944 2,574 11,826 563 661 18,268 898,286 166 2002 17,561 1,462 9,402 1,363 517 14,811 860,019 147 2003 17,720 2,153 10,341 1,629 763 17,939 721,267 138 2004 R18,786 R2,851 R12,309 R805 R779 R19,860 R614,760 R167 2005P 10,185 620 7,009 407 251 9,289 333,673 129 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. 3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, su

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Estimates are for fuels consumed to produce 

consumed to produce electricity. • Data do not include electplants. • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," at end in Glossary. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Tables 8.6b and 8.6c.
248 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.6b Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output

 at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Electric Power Sector, 1989-2005 (Subset of Table 

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

1989 639 120 1,471 1 0 1,591 81,670 3 1990 1,266 173 1,630 2 0 1,805 97,330 5 1991 1,221 104 995 1 0 1,101 99,868 5 1992 1,704 154 1,045 10 4 1,229 122,908 6 1993 1,794 290 1,074 27 40 1,591 128,743 4 1994 2,241 371 1,024 104 58 1,791 144,062 6 1995 2,376 486 1,127 58 222 2,784 142,753 5 1996 2,520 308 1,155 86 175 2,424 147,091 5 1997 2,355 343 1,246 23 171 2,466 161,608 10 1998 2,493 134 653 19 103 1,322 172,471 6 1999 3,033 183 572 30 128 1,423 175,757 4 2000 3,107 294 467 51 120 1,412 192,253 7 2001 2,910 219 355 3 119 1,171 199,808 6 2002 2,255 66 197 23 111 841 263,619 7 2003 2,080 190 919 88 80 1,596 225,967 12 2004 R1,195 R181 R12 R11 15 R280 R162,256 R20 2005P 603 49 37 42 17 212 117,565 34 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. 3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5. Notes: • Estimates are for fuels consumed to produce useful thermal output; they exclude fuels

consumed to produce electricity. • Data are for combined-heat

(North American Industry Classification System) 22 category wand heat to the public. Data do not include electric utility CHP and industrial CHP data. • See Note 1, "Coverage of ElectriciPower Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.6c Estimated Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Useful Thermal Output

 at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005 

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

Commercial Sector 11

1989 711 202 601 0 0 803 12,049 (s) 1990 773 389 715 (s) 0 1,104 18,913 (s) 1991 826 356 405 (s) 0 761 25,295 (s) 1992 804 259 538 (s) 2 807 29,672 (s) 1993 968 272 548 2 4 843 27,738 (s) 1994 940 534 379 0 4 931 31,457 (s) 1995 850 319 261 (s) 3 596 34,964 0 1996 1,005 260 328 (s) 3 601 40,075 0 1997 1,108 470 309 0 3 794 47,941 (s) 1998 1,002 418 573 0 3 1,006 46,527 (s) 1999 1,009 254 412 0 3 682 44,991 0 2000 1,034 403 366 2 4 792 47,844 0 2001 916 505 304 0 0 809 42,407 0 2002 929 248 108 28 6 416 41,430 0 2003 1,234 119 381 12 9 555 19,973 0 2004 R1,315 R294 R477 20 6 R821 R26,196 0 2005P 1,058 59 112 17 6 217 19,433 0 

Industrial Sector 12

1989 15,160 1,088 14,320 352 247 16,997 469,588 113 1990 17,041 1,488 16,120 893 918 23,093 538,506 171 1991 16,412 2,567 13,893 834 777 21,177 538,800 180 1992 16,864 1,945 14,891 925 856 22,041 565,279 194 1993 16,988 1,887 16,311 829 987 23,960 577,103 174 1994 17,428 1,906 17,419 505 1,075 25,207 608,496 173 1995 17,192 1,277 15,272 584 1,010 22,182 656,665 175 1996 17,281 1,624 17,069 670 1,097 24,848 678,608 182 1997 17,542 1,772 14,328 267 1,835 25,541 659,021 178 1998 16,824 4,391 15,313 662 1,230 26,518 730,108 202 1999 16,330 4,228 13,148 808 1,307 24,718 762,210 219 2000 16,325 2,200 12,459 1,402 800 20,062 745,165 223 2001 15,119 1,850 11,167 560 542 16,287 656,071 160 2002 14,377 1,149 9,097 1,312 399 13,555 554,970 139 2003 14,406 1,844 9,041 1,529 675 15,788 475,327 126 2004 R16,276 R2,376 R11,819 R774 R758 R18,758 R426,308 R147 2005P 8,524 511 6,861 349 228 8,860 196,676 94 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. 3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.11 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants.12 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5. Notes: • Estimates are for fuels consumed to produce 

consumed to produce electricity. • See Table 8.6b for electri"Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification of end of section. • See "Useful Thermal Output" in Glossary. • due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
Figure 8.7 Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Therma

1989-2005

Coal Natural GasPetroleum Wood and Waste250 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Total

1Useful thermal output. Sources: Tables 8.5a, 8.6a, and 8.7a.

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0.00.30.60.9

1.2

Billion Short TonsTotal

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 19

0

2

468

Trillion Cubic Feet Electricity Generation

UTO1

Electricity

Generation

UTO1

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0

50

100150200250300350

Million Barrels

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1

0.00.51.01.52.0

Quadrillion Btu Total

Total

Electricity

Generation

UTO1

Electricity

Generation

UTO1
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.7a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Out

 Total (All Sectors), 1989-2005 (Sum of Tables 8.7b and 8.7c)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

1989 798,181 29,143 266,211 656 915 300,583 4,048,736 206 1990 811,538 20,194 209,314 1,332 2,832 244,998 4,346,311 288 1991 812,124 19,590 193,073 1,215 2,566 226,708 4,428,742 311 1992 824,512 16,852 160,941 1,695 3,366 196,318 4,617,578 341 1993 861,904 19,293 176,992 1,571 4,200 218,855 4,662,236 314 1994 869,405 25,177 164,047 1,539 4,157 211,547 5,151,163 316 1995 881,012 21,697 112,168 1,322 4,590 158,140 5,572,253 313 1996 928,015 22,444 124,607 2,468 4,596 172,499 5,178,232 346 1997 952,955 22,893 134,623 526 6,095 188,517 5,433,338 307 1998 966,615 30,006 189,267 1,230 6,196 251,486 6,030,490 334 1999 970,175 30,616 172,319 1,812 5,989 234,694 6,304,942 350 2000 1,015,398 34,572 156,673 2,904 4,669 217,494 6,676,744 356 2001 991,635 33,724 177,137 1,418 4,532 234,940 6,730,591 263 2002 1,005,144 24,748 118,637 3,257 7,353 183,408 6,986,081 278 2003 1,031,778 31,825 152,859 4,576 7,067 224,593 6,337,402 294 2004 R1,044,798 R23,512 R157,478 R4,764 R8,721 R229,356 R6,726,067 R354 2005P 1,061,362 22,530 153,840 4,074 8,761 224,246 6,799,645 317 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene

and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste.

9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agric

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, su

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity 

"Coverage of Electricity Statistics," at end of section. • See "Usmay not equal sum of components due to independent rounding

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Tables 8.7b and 8.7c.
252 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.7b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Ou

 Electric Power Sector, 1989-2005 (Subset of Table 8.7a)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

1989 772,190 26,156 244,179 10 517 272,931 3,105,183 9 1990 782,567 16,567 184,915 26 1,008 206,550 3,244,619 11 1991 783,874 14,359 172,625 59 974 191,911 3,315,925 11 1992 795,094 12,623 138,726 128 1,494 158,948 3,447,871 18 1993 831,645 14,849 152,481 239 2,611 180,625 3,472,982 16 1994 838,354 20,612 138,222 771 2,315 171,178 3,902,546 19 1995 850,230 18,553 90,023 499 2,674 122,447 4,236,526 24 1996 896,921 18,780 99,951 653 2,642 132,593 3,806,901 20 1997 921,364 18,989 113,669 152 3,372 149,668 4,064,803 24 1998 936,619 23,300 166,528 431 4,102 210,769 4,588,284 29 1999 940,922 24,058 152,493 544 3,735 195,769 4,819,531 19 2000 985,821 30,016 138,513 454 3,275 185,358 5,206,324 25 2001 964,433 29,274 159,504 377 3,427 206,291 5,342,301 15 2002 977,507 21,876 104,773 1,267 5,816 156,995 5,671,897 33 2003 1,005,116 27,632 138,279 2,026 5,799 196,932 5,135,215 41 2004 R1,016,268 R19,098 R139,816 R2,713 R7,372 R198,489 R5,463,148 R59 2005P 1,038,962 20,095 139,955 2,375 7,747 201,159 5,796,736 75 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene

and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5. Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity and useful thermal output. • The electric

power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-an

(North American Industry Classification System) 22 category whelectricity and heat, to the public. • See Table 8.7c for commedata. • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and NEnergy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • See "Useful Thermequal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration (

Report," and Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power ProduEIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined H
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.7c Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Out

 Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005 (Subset of Table 8.7a)

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Natural Gas 6 Other Gases 7

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 Total 5 

Thousand

Short Tons Thousand Barrels

Thousand

Short Tons

Thousand

Barrels

Million

Cubic Feet

Trillion

Btu 

Commercial Sector 11

1989 1,125 1,085 883 0 0 1,967 30,037 1 1990 1,191 969 1,087 (s) 0 2,056 46,458 1 1991 1,228 786 551 (s) 0 1,337 52,101 1 1992 1,175 548 675 (s) 2 1,235 62,346 1 1993 1,373 656 828 6 5 1,515 65,173 1 1994 1,344 1,015 588 0 4 1,625 72,285 1 1995 1,419 812 413 (s) 4 1,245 77,664 0 1996 1,660 682 545 (s) 4 1,246 82,455 0 1997 1,738 1,053 509 0 4 1,584 86,915 (s) 1998 1,443 854 932 0 4 1,807 87,220 (s) 1999 1,490 759 834 0 4 1,613 84,037 0 2000 1,547 908 676 3 6 1,615 84,874 0 2001 1,448 1,026 773 2 6 1,832 78,655 0 2002 1,405 771 400 38 8 1,250 73,975 0 2003 1,816 671 708 16 11 1,449 58,453 0 2004 R1,917 R1,115 R827 21 9 R2,009 R72,072 0 2005P 1,799 725 435 18 9 1,224 64,814 0 

Industrial Sector 12

1989 24,867 1,903 21,150 646 397 25,685 913,516 195 1990 27,781 2,657 23,312 1,305 1,824 36,392 1,055,235 275 1991 27,021 4,446 19,897 1,156 1,592 33,460 1,060,716 298 1992 28,244 3,680 21,540 1,567 1,870 36,135 1,107,361 322 1993 28,886 3,788 23,684 1,326 1,583 36,715 1,124,081 297 1994 29,707 3,550 25,238 768 1,838 38,744 1,176,332 296 1995 29,363 2,333 21,732 823 1,912 34,448 1,258,063 290 1996 29,434 2,983 24,111 1,815 1,950 38,661 1,288,876 325 1997 29,853 2,851 20,445 374 2,719 37,265 1,281,620 283 1998 28,553 5,852 21,807 800 2,090 38,910 1,354,986 305 1999 27,763 5,799 18,993 1,268 2,251 37,312 1,401,374 331 2000 28,031 3,648 17,483 2,448 1,388 30,520 1,385,546 331 2001 25,755 3,424 16,860 1,039 1,099 26,817 1,309,636 248 2002 26,232 2,101 13,463 1,953 1,529 25,163 1,240,209 245 2003 24,846 3,522 13,872 2,535 1,257 26,212 1,143,734 253 2004 R26,613 R3,298 R16,835 R2,030 R1,339 R28,857 R1,190,847 R296 2005P 20,601 1,709 13,451 1,680 1,004 21,863 938,095 243 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. 3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. 4 Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, and waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 7 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 8 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 9 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.

10 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.11 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.12 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5. Notes: • Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity 

8.7b for electric power sector electricity-only and CHP data. Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into Ene"Useful Thermal Output" in Glossary. • Totals may not equarounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined H
Figure 8.8 Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector

Coal Stocks, 1949-2005 Coal and Petroleum Stocks, 1973-2005Petroleum Stocks, 1949-2005 Petroleum Stocks by Product, 2005254 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6.2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4.3 Petroleum coke, which is reported in short tons, is converted at a rate of 5 barrels per short

ton.

4Jet fuel and kerosene.

Notes: • Stocks are at end of year. • Because vertical scale

compared.

Sources: Tables 8.8, A3, and A5.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

50

100150200

Million Short Tons

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

1

2

34

Quadrillion Btu

Petroleum

Coal

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

50

100150

Million Barrels

28

20

Residual Distillate Pe

05

1015202530

Million Barrels

Fuel Oil 

2 Fuel Oil1
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.8 Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Coal 1

Petroleum

Distillate Fuel Oil 2 Residual Fuel Oil 3 Other Liquids 4 Petroleum Coke 5 

Thousand Short Tons Thousand Barrels Thousand Short Ton

1949 22,054 NA NA NA NA 1950 31,842 NA NA NA NA 1955 41,391 NA NA NA NA 1960 51,735 NA NA NA NA 1965 54,525 NA NA NA NA 1970 71,908 NA NA NA 239 1971 77,778 NA NA NA 291 1972 99,722 NA NA NA 287 1973 86,967 10,095 79,121 NA 312 1974 83,509 15,199 97,718 NA 35 1975 110,724 16,432 108,825 NA 31 1976 117,436 14,703 106,993 NA 32 1977 133,219 19,281 124,750 NA 44 1978 128,225 16,386 102,402 NA 198 1979 159,714 20,301 111,121 NA 183 1980 183,010 30,023 105,351 NA 52 1981 168,893 26,094 102,042 NA 42 1982 181,132 23,369 95,515 NA 41 1983 155,598 18,801 70,573 NA 55 1984 179,727 19,116 68,503 NA 50 1985 156,376 16,386 57,304 NA 49 1986 161,806 16,269 56,841 NA 40 1987 170,797 15,759 55,069 NA 51 1988 146,507 15,099 54,187 NA 86 1989 135,860 13,824 47,446 NA 105 1990 156,166 16,471 67,030 NA 94 1991 157,876 16,357 58,636 NA 70 1992 154,130 15,714 56,135 NA 67 1993 111,341 15,674 46,770 NA 89 1994 126,897 16,644 46,344 NA 69 1995 126,304 15,392 35,102 NA 65 1996 114,623 15,216 32,473 NA 91 1997 98,826 15,456 33,336 NA 469 1998 120,501 16,343 37,451 NA 559 19997 141,604 17,995 34,256 NA 372 2000 102,296 15,127 24,748 NA 211 2001 138,496 20,486 34,594 NA 390 2002 141,714 17,413 25,723 800 1,711 2003 121,567 19,153 25,820 779 1,484 2004 R106,669 R19,275 R26,596 R879 R937 2005P 101,237 19,808 27,694 772 531 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite. 2 Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1973-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal combustion plant stocks

of petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.

3 Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1973-1979, data are for steam plant stocks of petroleum. For 1980-2000,

electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel oil no. 4.

4 Jet fuel and kerosene. Through 2003, data also include a small amount of waste oil. 5 Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5. 6 Distillate fuel oil and residual fuel oil; beginning in 1970, also includes petroleum coke; and beginning

in 2002, also includes other liquids. 7 Through 1998, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1999, data are for electric utilities andindependent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Notes: • Stocks are at end of year. • The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and

combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System)

22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or elec

1, "Coverage of Electricity Statistics," and Note 2, "Classification at end of section. • Totals may not equal sum of components du

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: • 1949-September 1977—Federal Power Commi

Report." • October 1977-1981—Federal Energy Regulatory CPlant Report." • 1982-1988—Energy Information AdministratPlant Report." • 1989-1997—EIA, Form EIA-759, "Monthly "Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EReport," and Form EIA-860B, "Annual Electric Generator RepoEIA-906, "Power Plant Report." • 2004 forward—EIA, Form EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
Figure 8.9 Electricity End Use

Overview, 1989-2005 Retail Sales1 by Sector, 2005Retail Sales1 by Sector, 1949-2005256 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Retail Sales1

Total End Use

1 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in

1996, other energy service providers.

2 Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) produced by either the same entity that

consumes the power or an affiliate, and 3) used in direct support of a service or industrial

process located within the same facility or group of facilities ment. Direct use is exclusive of station use.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 8.9.

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

0

1

2

34

Trillion Kilowatthours

1.36

1.27

Residential Commercial Ind

0.00.51.01.5

Trillion Kilowatthours

Direct Use2

Commerc

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1

0.00.51.01.5

Trillion Kilowatthours
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.9 Electricity End Use, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Billion Kilowatthours)

Year

Retail Sales 1

Direct Use 6 Total End Use7

Residential Commercial 2 Industrial 3 Transportation 4 Total Retail Sales 5 Co

1949 67 E59 123 E6 255 NA 255 1950 72 E66 146 E7 291 NA 291 1955 128 E103 260 E6 497 NA 497 1960 201 E159 324 E3 688 NA 688 1965 291 E231 429 E3 954 NA 954 1970 466 E352 571 E3 1,392 NA 1,392 1971 500 E377 589 E3 1,470 NA 1,470 1972 539 E413 641 E3 1,595 NA 1,595 1973 579 E445 686 E3 1,713 NA 1,713 1974 578 E440 685 E3 1,706 NA 1,706 1975 588 E468 688 E3 1,747 NA 1,747 1976 606 E492 754 E3 1,855 NA 1,855 1977 645 E514 786 E3 1,948 NA 1,948 1978 674 E531 809 E3 2,018 NA 2,018 1979 683 543 842 3 2,071 NA 2,071 1980 717 559 815 3 2,094 NA 2,094 1981 722 596 826 3 2,147 NA 2,147 1982 730 609 745 3 2,086 NA 2,086 1983 751 620 776 4 2,151 NA 2,151 1984 780 664 838 4 2,286 NA 2,286 1985 794 689 837 4 2,324 NA 2,324 1986 819 715 831 4 2,369 NA 2,369 1987 850 744 858 5 2,457 NA 2,457 1988 893 784 896 5 2,578 NA 2,578 1989 906 811 926 5 2,647 109 2,756 1990 924 838 946 5 2,713 125 2,837 1991 955 855 947 5 2,762 124 2,886 1992 936 850 973 5 2,763 134 2,897 1993 995 885 977 5 2,861 139 3,001 1994 1,008 913 1,008 5 2,935 146 3,081 1995 1,043 953 1,013 5 3,013 151 3,164 1996 1,083 980 1,034 5 3,101 153 3,254 1997 1,076 1,027 1,038 5 3,146 156 3,302 1998 1,130 1,078 1,051 5 3,264 161 3,425 1999 1,145 1,104 1,058 5 3,312 172 3,484 2000 1,192 1,159 1,064 5 3,421 171 3,592 2001 R1,201 R1,191 R985 5 R3,382 163 R3,545 2002 R1,265 R1,205 R990 R5 R3,466 166 R3,632 2003 R1,274 R1,197 R1,012 7 R3,489 168 R3,658 2004 R1,294 1,229 R1,019 R7 R3,548 R168 3,717 2005P 1,361 1,267 1,017 8 3,653 E161 3,813 

1 Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other

energy service providers. 2 Commercial sector, including public street and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, and othersales to public authorities. 3 Industrial sector. Through 2002, excludes agriculture and irrigation; beginning in 2003, includesagriculture and irrigation. 4 Transportation sector, including sales to railroads and railways. 5 The sum of "Residential," "Commercial," "Industrial," and "Transportation." 6 Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) produced by either the same entity that consumes thepower or an affiliate, and 3) used in direct support of a service or industrial process located within the samefacility or group of facilities that house the generating equipment. Direct use is exclusive of station use. 7 The sum of "Total Retail Sales" and "Direct Use." 8 "Commercial (Old)" is a discontinued series—data are for the commercial sector, excluding publicstreet and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, and other sales to public authorities. 9 "Other (Old)" is a discontinued series—data are for public street and highway lighting,interdepartmental sales, other sales to public authorities, agriculture and irrigation, and transportationincluding railroads and railways.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. — = Not applicable.Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see htt

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.h

Sources: Residential and Industrial: • 1949-September 1

FPC-5, "Monthly Statement of Electric Operating Revenue an1980—Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Form Operating Revenue and Income." • March 1980-1982—FERCMonthly Statement." • 1983—Energy Information AdministratiCompany Monthly Statement." • 1984-1989—EIA, Form EIA-861forward—EIA, Electric Power Monthly (March 2006), Table 5.1. CEIA as the sum of "Commercial (Old)" and the non-transportation methodology at http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/noElectric Power Monthly (March 2006), Table 5.1. Transby EIA as the transportation portion of "Other (Old).http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/notes/use_elec.pdf. Monthly (March 2006), Table 5.1. Direct Use: • 1989-1991—Power Producer Report." • 1992-2004—EIA, Electric Power A• 2005—Estimate based on the 2004 value adjusted by the industrial net generation on Table 8.1. Commercial (Old) and Ofor "Residential" and "Industrial."
Figure 8.10 Average Retail Prices of Electricity

Total, 1960-2005 By Sector, 2005By Sector, Nominal Prices, 1960-2005 By Sector, Real1 Prices, 1960-2005258 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See Table D1. 2 Public street and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, other sales to public authorities,

agriculture and irrigation, and transportation including railroads and railways.

Notes: • Taxes are included. • Because vertical scales diff

compared.

Source: Table 8.10.

8.40

7.74

9.42

8.68

5.57

Residential Commercial Ind

0

2

468

10

Cents per Kilowatthour

Real1

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

2

468

10

12

Cents per Kilowatthour Nominal

Residential

Industrial

Other2

Commercial Residential

Other2

Industrial

Commercial

 Transportation

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

2

468

10

12

Cents per Kilowatthour

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

05

1015

Chained (2000) Cents per Kilowatthour
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.10 Average Retail Prices of Electricity, 1960-2005

 (Cents per Kilowatthour, Including Taxes)

Year

Residential Commercial 1 Industrial 2 Transportation 3 Other 4 

Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Real 5 Nominal Rea

1960 2.6 12.4 2.4 11.4 1.1 5.2 NA NA 1.9 9.0 1961 2.6 12.2 2.4 11.3 1.1 5.2 NA NA 1.8 8.5 1962 2.6 12.1 2.4 11.1 1.1 5.1 NA NA 1.9 8.8 1963 2.5 11.5 2.3 10.6 1.0 4.6 NA NA 1.8 8.3 1964 2.5 11.3 2.2 9.9 1.0 4.5 NA NA 1.8 8.1 1965 2.4 10.7 2.2 9.8 1.0 4.4 NA NA 1.8 8.0 1966 2.3 9.9 2.1 9.1 1.0 4.3 NA NA 1.8 7.8 1967 2.3 9.6 2.1 8.8 1.0 4.2 NA NA 1.8 7.5 1968 2.3 9.2 2.1 8.4 1.0 4.0 NA NA 1.8 7.2 1969 2.2 8.4 2.1 8.0 1.0 3.8 NA NA 1.7 6.5 1970 2.2 8.0 2.1 7.6 1.0 3.6 NA NA 1.8 6.5 1971 2.3 8.0 2.2 7.6 1.1 3.8 NA NA 1.9 6.6 1972 2.4 8.0 2.3 7.6 1.2 4.0 NA NA 2.0 6.6 1973 2.5 7.9 2.4 7.5 1.3 4.1 NA NA 2.1 6.6 1974 3.1 8.9 3.0 8.6 1.7 4.9 NA NA 2.8 8.1 1975 3.5 9.2 3.5 9.2 2.1 5.5 NA NA 3.1 8.2 1976 3.7 9.2 3.7 9.2 2.2 5.5 NA NA 3.3 8.2 1977 4.1 9.6 4.1 9.6 2.5 5.9 NA NA 3.5 8.2 1978 4.3 9.4 4.4 9.6 2.8 6.1 NA NA 3.6 7.9 1979 4.6 9.3 4.7 9.5 3.1 6.3 NA NA 4.0 8.1 1980 5.4 10.0 5.5 10.2 3.7 6.9 NA NA 4.8 8.9 1981 6.2 10.5 6.3 10.7 4.3 7.3 NA NA 5.3 9.0 1982 6.9 11.0 6.9 11.0 5.0 8.0 NA NA 5.9 9.4 1983 7.2 11.0 7.0 10.7 5.0 7.7 NA NA 6.4 9.8 1984 7.15 10.57 7.13 10.54 4.83 7.14 NA NA 5.90 8.71985 7.39 10.60 7.27 10.43 4.97 7.13 NA NA 6.09 8.71986 7.42 10.41 7.20 10.11 4.93 6.92 NA NA 6.11 8.51987 7.45 10.18 7.08 9.67 4.77 6.52 NA NA 6.21 8.41988 7.48 9.88 7.04 9.30 4.70 6.21 NA NA 6.20 8.11989 7.65 9.74 7.20 9.17 4.72 6.01 NA NA 6.25 7.91990 7.83 9.60 7.34 9.00 4.74 5.81 NA NA 6.40 7.81991 8.04 9.52 7.53 8.92 4.83 5.72 NA NA 6.51 7.71992 8.21 9.50 7.66 8.87 4.83 5.59 NA NA 6.74 7.81993 8.32 9.41 7.74 8.76 4.85 5.49 NA NA 6.88 7.71994 8.38 9.28 7.73 8.56 4.77 5.28 NA NA 6.84 7.51995 8.40 9.12 7.69 8.35 4.66 5.06 NA NA 6.88 7.41996 8.36 8.91 7.64 8.14 4.60 4.90 NA NA 6.91 7.31997 8.43 8.84 7.59 7.95 4.53 4.75 NA NA 6.91 7.21998 8.26 8.56 7.41 7.68 4.48 4.64 NA NA 6.63 6.81999 8.16 8.34 7.26 7.42 4.43 4.53 NA NA 6.35 6.42000 8.24 8.24 7.43 7.43 4.64 4.64 NA NA 6.56 6.52001 R8.63 R8.43 R7.95 R7.76 R4.98 R4.86 NA NA R7.44 R7.22002 8.46 R8.12 R7.90 R7.58 R4.91 R4.71 NA NA R6.75 R6.42003 8.70 R8.18 R8.00 7.53 R5.12 R4.82 R7.55 R7.10 — — 2004 R8.97 R8.22 R8.16 R7.48 R5.27 R4.83 R7.13 R6.54 — — 2005P 9.42 8.40 8.68 7.74 5.57 4.97 7.44 6.63 — — 

1 Commercial sector. For 1960-2002, prices exclude public street and highway lighting,

interdepartmental sales, and other sales to public authorities. 2 Industrial sector. For 1960-2002, prices exclude agriculture and irrigation. 3 Transportation sector, including railroads and railways. 4 Public street and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, other sales to public authorities, agricultureand irrigation, and transportation including railroads and railways.

5 In chained (2000) dollars, calculated by using gross domestic product implicit price deflators. See

Table D1.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. — = Not applicable.Notes: • Beginning in 2003, the category "Other" has been replaced by "Transportation," and the

categories "Commercial" and "Industrial" have been redefined. • Data represent revenue from electricityretail sales divided by electricity retail sales. • Prices include State and local taxes, energy or demandcharges, customer service charges, environmental surcharges, franchise fees, fuel adjustments, and othermiscellaneous charges applied to end-use customers during normal billing operations. Prices do not include

deferred charges, credits, or other adjustments, such as fuel 

previous reporting periods. • Through 1979, data are for Classonly. For 1980-1982, data are for selected Class A utilities whmillion or more during the previous year. For 1983, data are Beginning in 1984, data are for a census of electric utilities. Bservice providers selling to retail customers.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1960-September 1977—Federal Power Commis

Electric Operating Revenues and Income." • October 1977-FCommission (FERC), Form FPC-5, "Monthly Statement of E• March 1980-1982—FERC, Form FERC-5, "Electric • 1983—Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIStatement." • 1984-1990—EIA, Form EIA-861, "Annual ElecElectric Power Monthly (March 2006), Table 5.3.
Figure 8.11a Electric Net Summer Capacity, Total (All Sectors)

Total, 1949-2005 By Major Category, 2005By Source, 2005260 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Total

1 Petroleum and natural gas.2 Conventional and pumped storage.3 Other gases, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

(s)=Less than 0.5 million kilowatts. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 8.11a.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

200400600800

1,0001,200

Million Kilowatts

E

759

100 

Fossil Nuclear Ren

0

300600900

Million Kilowatts

Nuclear Electric Power

Fuels

Fossil Fuels

Renewable Energy

Electric

Power

313

234

175

100 99

34

8 6 4 2 

Coal Natural Gas Dual Fired1 Nuclear Hydro- Petroleum Wind Wood Waste Geotherm

0

50

100150200250300350

Million Kilowatts

Electric

Power

electric

Power 2
Figure 8.11b Electric Net Summer Capacity by Sector

Total (All Sectors) and Sectors, 1989-2005 Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-20Commercial Sector, 2005 Industrial Sector, 2005

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

1 Petroleum and natural gas.2 Conventional hydroelectric power, wood, and other gases.3 Conventional.4 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous

technologies.

(s)=Less than 0.05 million kilowatts.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not Sources: Tables 8.11a-8.11d.

1990 1992 1994 1996 19

0

250500750

1,000

Million Kilowatts

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

300600900

1,200

Million Kilowatts Electric Power Sector Total (All Sectors)

Commercial and Industrial

Electricity-Only Plants

Combined-Heat-and-Powe

0.6

0.5

0.4 0.4

0.3

(s)

Dual Natural Waste Coal Petroleum Other2

0.0

0.2

0.40.60.8

Million Kilowatts

13.8

4.5

4.0

2.0

1.2

Natural Wood Coal Other Dual H

048

12

16

Million Kilowatts

e

P

Fired1 Gas Gas Gases 

Fired1
262 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.11a Electric Net Summer Capacity: Total (All Sectors), Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Sum of Tables 8.11b and 8.11d; Million Kilowatts)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Dual

Fired 4

Other

Gases 5 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 

6 Waste 7

1949 NA NA NA NA NA 44.9 0.0 10 ( ) 18.5 (s) 11 ( ) NA NA 1950 NA NA NA NA NA 50.0 0.0 10 ( ) 19.2 (s) 11 ( ) NA NA 1955 NA NA NA NA NA 86.8 0.0 10 ( ) 27.4 (s) 11 ( ) NA NA 1960 NA NA NA NA NA 130.8 0.4 10 ( ) 35.8 0.1 11 ( ) (s) NA 1965 NA NA NA NA NA 182.9 0.8 10 ( ) 51.0 0.1 11 ( ) (s) NA 1970 NA NA NA NA NA 265.4 7.0 10 ( ) 63.8 0.1 11 ( ) 0.1 NA 1971 NA NA NA NA NA 288.0 9.0 10 ( ) 69.1 0.1 11 ( ) 0.2 NA 1972 NA NA NA NA NA 310.7 14.5 10 ( ) 70.5 0.1 11 ( ) 0.3 NA 1973 NA NA NA NA NA 341.2 22.7 10 ( ) 75.4 0.1 11 ( ) 0.4 NA 1974 NA NA NA NA NA 360.7 31.9 10 ( ) 75.5 0.1 11 ( ) 0.4 NA 1975 NA NA NA NA NA 375.1 37.3 10 ( ) 78.4 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1976 NA NA NA NA NA 394.8 43.8 10 ( ) 78.0 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1977 NA NA NA NA NA 410.4 46.3 10 ( ) 78.6 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1978 NA NA NA NA NA 420.8 50.8 10 ( ) 79.9 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1979 NA NA NA NA NA 432.1 49.7 10 ( ) 82.9 0.1 11 ( ) 0.7 NA 1980 NA NA NA NA NA 444.1 51.8 10 ( ) 81.7 0.1 11 ( ) 0.9 NA 1981 NA NA NA NA NA 458.9 56.0 10 ( ) 82.4 0.1 11 ( ) 0.9 NA 1982 NA NA NA NA NA 469.6 60.0 10 ( ) 83.0 0.1 11 ( ) 1.0 NA 1983 NA NA NA NA NA 472.8 63.0 10 ( ) 83.9 0.2 11 ( ) 1.2 NA 1984 NA NA NA NA NA 478.6 69.7 10 ( ) 85.3 0.3 11 ( ) 1.2 12 ( ) 1985 NA NA NA NA NA 485.0 79.4 10 ( ) 88.9 0.2 0.2 1.6 12 ( ) 1986 NA NA NA NA NA 488.3 85.2 10 ( ) 89.3 0.2 0.2 1.6 12 ( ) 1987 NA NA NA NA NA 488.8 93.6 10 ( ) 89.7 0.2 0.2 1.5 12 ( ) 1988 NA NA NA NA NA 490.6 94.7 10 ( ) 90.3 0.2 0.2 1.7 12 ( ) 198913 303.1 48.8 54.1 111.8 1.5 519.4 98.2 18.1 74.1 5.2 2.1 2.6 0.2 1990 307.4 49.0 56.2 113.6 1.6 527.8 99.6 19.5 73.9 5.5 2.5 2.7 0.3 1991 307.4 47.3 60.8 113.7 2.1 531.4 99.6 18.4 76.0 6.1 2.9 2.6 0.3 1992 309.4 45.6 60.7 118.9 2.1 536.7 99.0 21.2 74.8 6.2 3.0 2.9 0.3 1993 310.1 44.0 65.5 120.2 1.9 541.8 99.0 21.1 77.4 6.5 3.1 2.9 0.3 1994 311.4 42.7 70.7 123.1 2.1 550.0 99.1 21.2 78.0 6.7 3.3 3.0 0.3 1995 311.4 43.7 75.4 122.0 1.7 554.2 99.5 21.4 78.6 6.7 3.5 3.0 0.3 1996 313.4 43.6 74.5 128.6 1.7 561.7 100.8 21.1 76.4 6.8 3.6 2.9 0.3 1997 313.6 43.2 76.3 129.4 1.5 564.1 99.7 19.3 79.4 6.9 3.6 2.9 0.3 1998 315.8 40.4 75.8 130.4 1.5 563.9 97.1 19.5 79.2 6.8 3.7 2.9 0.3 1999 315.5 35.6 73.6 146.0 1.9 572.6 97.4 19.6 79.4 6.8 3.7 2.8 0.4 2000 315.1 35.9 95.7 149.8 2.3 598.9 97.9 19.5 79.4 6.1 3.9 2.8 0.4 2001 314.2 39.7 125.8 153.5 1.7 634.9 98.2 R19.7 R78.9 5.9 3.8 2.2 0.4 2002 315.4 38.2 171.7 162.3 2.0 689.5 98.7 20.4 79.4 5.8 3.8 2.3 0.4 2003 313.0 36.4 208.4 171.3 2.0 731.2 99.2 20.5 78.7 5.9 3.8 2.1 0.4 2004 R313.0 R33.7 R224.3 R172.2 R2.3 R745.4 99.6 R20.8 R77.6 R6.2 R3.6 R2.2 0.4 2005P 313.5 33.8 234.5 174.7 2.4 758.8 99.8 20.9 77.7 6.2 3.6 2.2 0.4 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Petroleum and natural gas. 5 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Included in "Conventional Hydroelectric Power."11 Included in "Wood."

12 Included in "Wind."13 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Begin

independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • Data are at end of year. • For plants that use multi

to the predominant energy source. • See Note 1, "Coverage • See "Generator Net Summer Capacity" in Glossary. • Totals independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: Tables 8.11b and 8.11d.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.11b Electric Net Summer Capacity: Electric Power Sector, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Subset of Table 8.11a; Million Kilowatts)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Dual

Fired 4

Other

Gases 5 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 

6 Waste 7

1949 NA NA NA NA NA 44.9 0.0 10 ( ) 18.5 (s) 11 ( ) NA NA 1950 NA NA NA NA NA 50.0 0.0 10 ( ) 19.2 (s) 11 ( ) NA NA 1955 NA NA NA NA NA 86.8 0.0 10 ( ) 27.4 (s) 11 ( ) NA NA 1960 NA NA NA NA NA 130.8 0.4 10 ( ) 35.8 0.1 11 ( ) (s) NA 1965 NA NA NA NA NA 182.9 0.8 10 ( ) 51.0 0.1 11 ( ) (s) NA 1970 NA NA NA NA NA 265.4 7.0 10 ( ) 63.8 0.1 11 ( ) 0.1 NA 1971 NA NA NA NA NA 288.0 9.0 10 ( ) 69.1 0.1 11 ( ) 0.2 NA 1972 NA NA NA NA NA 310.7 14.5 10 ( ) 70.5 0.1 11 ( ) 0.3 NA 1973 NA NA NA NA NA 341.2 22.7 10 ( ) 75.4 0.1 11 ( ) 0.4 NA 1974 NA NA NA NA NA 360.7 31.9 10 ( ) 75.5 0.1 11 ( ) 0.4 NA 1975 NA NA NA NA NA 375.1 37.3 10 ( ) 78.4 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1976 NA NA NA NA NA 394.8 43.8 10 ( ) 78.0 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1977 NA NA NA NA NA 410.4 46.3 10 ( ) 78.6 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1978 NA NA NA NA NA 420.8 50.8 10 ( ) 79.9 0.1 11 ( ) 0.5 NA 1979 NA NA NA NA NA 432.1 49.7 10 ( ) 82.9 0.1 11 ( ) 0.7 NA 1980 NA NA NA NA NA 444.1 51.8 10 ( ) 81.7 0.1 11 ( ) 0.9 NA 1981 NA NA NA NA NA 458.9 56.0 10 ( ) 82.4 0.1 11 ( ) 0.9 NA 1982 NA NA NA NA NA 469.6 60.0 10 ( ) 83.0 0.1 11 ( ) 1.0 NA 1983 NA NA NA NA NA 472.8 63.0 10 ( ) 83.9 0.2 11 ( ) 1.2 NA 1984 NA NA NA NA NA 478.6 69.7 10 ( ) 85.3 0.3 11 ( ) 1.2 12 ( ) 1985 NA NA NA NA NA 485.0 79.4 10 ( ) 88.9 0.2 0.2 1.6 12 ( ) 1986 NA NA NA NA NA 488.3 85.2 10 ( ) 89.3 0.2 0.2 1.6 12 ( ) 1987 NA NA NA NA NA 488.8 93.6 10 ( ) 89.7 0.2 0.2 1.5 12 ( ) 1988 NA NA NA NA NA 490.6 94.7 10 ( ) 90.3 0.2 0.2 1.7 12 ( ) 198913 298.0 48.0 46.1 109.4 0.4 501.9 98.2 18.1 73.6 1.1 1.7 2.6 0.2 1990 302.3 48.0 47.9 110.8 0.4 509.3 99.6 19.5 73.3 1.2 2.1 2.7 0.3 1991 302.5 46.4 52.9 110.9 0.7 513.3 99.6 18.4 75.4 1.3 2.5 2.6 0.3 1992 304.3 44.7 52.0 116.1 0.7 517.9 99.0 21.2 74.2 1.4 2.5 2.9 0.3 1993 305.0 43.1 56.1 117.6 0.7 522.5 99.0 21.1 76.8 1.5 2.6 2.9 0.3 1994 306.1 41.7 61.1 120.2 0.7 529.8 99.1 21.2 76.9 1.7 2.7 3.0 0.3 1995 306.0 42.7 65.6 119.1 0.3 533.7 99.5 21.4 77.4 1.8 3.0 3.0 0.3 1996 308.1 42.6 64.5 125.7 0.1 540.9 100.8 21.1 75.3 1.7 2.9 2.9 0.3 1997 308.5 42.0 65.7 126.7 0.2 543.1 99.7 19.3 78.3 1.8 2.9 2.9 0.3 1998 310.9 39.2 64.4 128.5 0.1 543.0 97.1 19.5 78.0 1.8 3.0 2.9 0.3 1999 310.7 34.5 61.6 143.7 0.2 550.7 97.4 19.6 78.3 1.8 3.0 2.8 0.4 2000 310.2 34.9 82.6 147.9 0.3 575.9 97.9 19.5 78.2 1.7 3.3 2.8 0.4 2001 309.8 38.4 111.1 152.0 0.3 611.6 98.2 R19.7 R77.9 1.6 3.3 2.2 0.4 2002 311.0 37.3 157.4 160.4 0.3 666.5 98.7 20.4 78.3 1.6 3.4 2.3 0.4 2003 308.5 35.5 193.9 169.4 0.3 707.6 99.2 20.5 77.9 1.6 3.3 2.1 0.4 2004 R308.8 R32.8 R210.1 R170.3 R0.4 R722.4 99.6 R20.8 R77.0 1.6 R3.0 R2.2 0.4 2005P 309.1 32.9 220.1 172.9 0.4 735.4 99.8 20.9 77.0 1.6 3.0 2.2 0.4 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Petroleum and natural gas. 5 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Included in "Conventional Hydroelectric Power."11 Included in "Wood."12 Included in "Wind."13 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and

independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.05 million kilowatts. 

Notes: • Data are at end of year. • For plants that use mult

to the predominant energy source. • The electric powcombined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (Nort22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or elec8.11d for commercial and industrial CHP and electricity-only daStatistics," and Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into Ene"Generator Net Summer Capacity" in Glossary. • Totals mindependent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see h

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric

Sources: • 1949-1984—Energy Information Administration (

EIA-860, "Annual Electric Generator Report." • 1989-199Generator Report," and Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility PowForm EIA-860A, "Annual Electric Generator Report—Utility,Generator Report—Nonutility." • 2001 forward—EIA, Form EIA-
264 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 8.11c Electric Net Summer Capacity: Electric Power Sector by Plant Type, 1989-2005

 (Breakout of Table 8.11b; Million Kilowatts)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydroelectric

Pumped

Storage

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Dual

Fired 4

Other

Gases 5 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 

6 Waste 7

Electricity-Only Plants 10

1989 296.5 47.9 43.2 106.2 0.4 494.2 98.2 18.1 73.6 0.9 1.5 2.6 0.2 1990 299.9 47.8 44.1 106.4 0.4 498.6 99.6 19.5 73.3 1.0 1.9 2.7 0.3 1991 299.6 46.0 48.4 106.1 0.7 500.8 99.6 18.4 75.4 1.1 2.2 2.6 0.3 1992 300.8 44.4 47.7 109.5 0.7 503.1 99.0 21.2 74.2 1.2 2.3 2.9 0.3 1993 301.2 42.8 49.8 111.2 0.7 505.7 99.0 21.1 76.8 1.2 2.4 2.9 0.3 1994 301.6 41.4 51.5 113.5 0.7 508.7 99.1 21.2 76.9 1.5 2.5 3.0 0.3 1995 301.3 42.4 55.5 112.1 0.3 511.5 99.5 21.4 77.4 1.5 2.7 3.0 0.3 1996 303.1 42.2 52.9 118.6 0.1 516.9 100.8 21.1 75.3 1.4 2.6 2.9 0.3 1997 303.6 41.7 54.1 119.1 0.2 518.7 99.7 19.3 78.3 1.5 2.5 2.9 0.3 1998 305.9 38.8 50.3 122.5 0.1 517.5 97.1 19.5 78.0 1.4 2.6 2.9 0.3 1999 305.5 34.2 49.8 135.2 0.2 525.0 97.4 19.6 78.3 1.5 2.6 2.8 0.4 2000 305.2 34.4 67.6 141.8 0.1 549.0 97.9 19.5 78.2 1.5 2.8 2.8 0.4 2001 305.2 38.1 93.0 148.2 0.1 584.5 98.2 R19.7 R77.8 1.5 3.0 2.2 0.4 2002 305.8 R37.1 R135.5 R153.1 0.1 R631.5 98.7 20.4 78.3 1.4 2.9 2.3 0.4 2003 303.0 35.2 166.9 160.7 0.1 665.9 99.2 20.5 77.9 1.4 2.8 2.1 0.4 2004 R303.2 R32.4 R185.3 R162.2 0.1 R683.2 99.6 R20.8 R77.0 R1.5 R2.6 R2.2 0.4 2005P 303.5 32.5 195.7 164.8 0.1 696.6 99.8 20.9 77.0 1.5 2.6 2.2 0.4 

Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants 11

1989 1.5 0.1 2.8 3.3 0.0 7.7 — — 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 — 1990 2.4 0.1 3.9 4.4 0.0 10.7 — — 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 — 1991 2.9 0.3 4.5 4.8 0.0 12.5 — — 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 — 1992 3.5 0.3 4.3 6.6 (s) 14.7 — — 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 — 1993 3.8 0.3 6.3 6.4 0.0 16.8 — — 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 — 1994 4.5 0.3 9.6 6.8 0.0 21.0 — — 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 — 1995 4.8 0.3 10.0 7.0 0.0 22.1 — — 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 — 1996 5.0 0.3 11.5 7.2 0.0 24.0 — — 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.0 — 1997 4.9 0.3 11.6 7.6 (s) 24.4 — — 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.0 — 1998 5.0 0.4 14.1 6.0 0.0 25.5 — — 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.0 — 1999 5.2 0.2 11.8 8.4 0.0 25.7 — — 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.0 — 2000 5.0 0.4 15.1 6.1 0.3 26.9 — — 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 — 2001 4.6 0.4 18.0 3.8 0.3 27.1 — — (s) 0.1 0.4 (s) — 2002 5.2 R0.3 R21.9 R7.3 0.2 R34.9 — — 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 — 2003 5.5 0.3 26.9 8.7 0.2 41.7 — — (s) 0.2 0.5 0.0 — 2004 R5.6 0.3 R24.8 R8.1 R0.3 R39.2 — — (s) 0.2 R0.4 0.0 — 2005P 5.6 0.4 24.4 8.1 0.3 38.8 — — (s) 0.2 0.4 0.0 — 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Petroleum and natural gas. 5 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Electricity-only plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classificaton System) 22 category

whose primary business is to sell electricity to the public. Data also include a small number of electric utilitycombined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants.

11 Combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to

sell electricity and heat to the public. Data do not include elec

under "Electricity-Only Plants."

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less thaNotes: • Data are at end of year. • For plants that use mult

to the predominant energy source. • See Table 8.11d electricity-only data. • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity StatPlants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • See "Gen• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administratio

Generator Report," and Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility PowForm EIA-860A, "Annual Electric Generator Report—Utility,Generator Report—Nonutility." • 2001 forward—EIA, Form EIA-
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.11d Electric Net Summer Capacity: Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2005

 (Subset of Table 8.11a; Million Kilowatts)

Year

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear

Electric

Power

Hydro

electric

Pumped

Storage

Renewable Energy

Coal 

1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3

Dual

Fired 4

Other

Gases 5 Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power

Biomass

Geothermal Solar Wood 8 

6 Waste 7

Commercial Sector 10

1989 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 1.0 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.2 — — 1990 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.0 1.2 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.2 — — 1991 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 1.1 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.2 — — 1992 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 1.2 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.2 — — 1993 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 1.3 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.3 — — 1994 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.0 1.7 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.3 — — 1995 0.3 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.0 1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.3 — — 1996 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.0 1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 — — 1997 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.0 1.9 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 — — 1998 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.0 1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.5 — — 1999 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.0 1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.5 — — 2000 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.0 1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 — — 2001 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.6 0.0 2.5 — (s) (s) (s) 0.3 — — 2002 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.0 1.8 — (s) (s) (s) 0.4 — — 2003 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.0 1.7 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 — — 2004 R0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 R(s) R1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 — — 2005P 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 (s) 1.8 — 0.0 (s) (s) 0.4 — — 

Industrial Sector 11

1989 4.8 0.7 7.9 1.8 1.2 16.5 — — 0.5 4.1 0.2 — — 1990 4.8 0.9 8.1 2.2 1.3 17.3 — — 0.6 4.3 0.2 — — 1991 4.7 0.8 7.8 2.3 1.4 17.1 — — 0.6 4.8 0.2 — — 1992 4.8 0.8 8.4 2.2 1.4 17.6 — — 0.6 4.8 0.3 — — 1993 4.9 0.8 9.1 1.9 1.2 18.0 — — 0.6 5.0 0.3 — — 1994 5.0 0.9 9.3 1.9 1.4 18.5 — — 1.1 5.0 0.3 — — 1995 5.0 0.8 9.5 1.9 1.4 18.7 — — 1.1 4.9 0.2 — — 1996 5.0 0.8 9.6 1.9 1.6 19.0 — — 1.1 5.1 0.2 — — 1997 4.8 1.0 10.3 1.7 1.3 19.2 — — 1.1 5.1 0.2 — — 1998 4.6 1.0 10.8 1.3 1.5 19.1 — — 1.1 5.0 0.2 — — 1999 4.4 0.8 11.5 1.6 1.7 20.1 — — 1.1 5.0 0.2 — — 2000 4.6 0.8 12.5 1.3 2.0 21.2 — — 1.1 4.4 0.2 — — 2001 4.2 1.0 13.3 0.9 1.3 20.7 — — 1.0 4.2 0.1 — — 2002 4.0 0.6 13.7 1.1 1.8 21.2 — — 1.0 4.3 0.1 — — 2003 4.1 0.7 14.1 1.3 1.7 21.9 — — 0.8 4.3 0.1 — — 2004 R3.8 0.7 R13.6 1.3 R1.9 R21.3 — — R0.6 R4.5 R0.2 — — 2005P 4.0 0.6 13.8 1.2 2.0 21.6 — — 0.7 4.5 0.2 — — 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal synfuel. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Petroleum and natural gas. 5 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels. 6 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 8 Solar thermal and photovoltaic energy. 9 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

10 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.11 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less thaNotes: • Data are at end of year. • For plants that use multi

to the predominant energy source. • See Tables 8.11b and 8.and CHP data. • See Note 1, "Coverage of Electricity StatisPlants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. • See "Gen• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1997—Energy Information Administration 

Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000—EIA, Form Report—Nonutility." • 2001 forward—EIA, Form EIA-860, "Annu
Figure 8.12 Electric Noncoincident Peak Load and Capacity Margin

U.S. Peak Load, 1986-2005 Capacity Margin, 1996-2005U.S. Peak Load by NERC Region, 2005 North American Electric Reliability Council Ma266 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Summer

Notes: • Values for 2005 are forecast. • Noncoincident peak load is the sum of two or more

peak loads on individual systems that do not occur at the same time interval. See Glossary forinformation on North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC).

• Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be comSource: Table 8.12.

1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

200400600800

GigawattsWinter

90

42 47 47 44

25

48

147

29

104 106

60

43

58 59

30

58

165

41

128

ECAR ERCOT FRCC MAAC MAIN MRO NPCC SERC SPP WECC

0

50

100150200

Gigawatts

Summer Winter

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 

0

10203040

Percent

ASCC

Summer

Winter

MRO

(U.S.) (U.S.) (U.S.)
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.12 Electric Noncoincident Peak Load and Capacity Margin, 1986-2005

 (Megawatts, Except as Noted)

Year

Noncoincident Peak Load 

North American Electric Reliability Council Regions 1

Contiguous

United

States

ASCC

(Alaska) 

ECAR ERCOT FRCC MAAC MAIN 

MRO 2

(U.S.)

NPCC

(U.S.) SERC SPP

WECC 3

(U.S.)

Summer

1986 69,606 39,335 — 37,564 35,943 21,029 39,026 105,570 47,123 81,787 476,983 5 ( ) 1987 72,561 39,339 — 40,526 37,446 23,162 42,651 109,798 47,723 82,967 496,173 5 ( ) 1988 79,149 40,843 — 43,110 41,139 24,899 45,245 115,168 49,356 90,551 529,460 5 ( ) 1989 75,442 40,402 — 41,614 39,460 24,336 45,031 117,729 49,439 90,657 524,110 456 1990 79,258 42,737 — 42,613 40,740 24,994 44,116 121,943 52,541 97,389 546,331 463 1991 81,224 41,870 — 45,937 41,598 25,498 46,594 124,716 51,885 92,096 551,418 471 1992 78,550 42,619 — 43,658 38,819 22,638 43,658 128,236 51,324 99,205 548,707 504 1993 80,930 44,255 — 46,494 41,956 24,396 46,706 135,704 57,106 97,809 575,356 511 1994 87,165 44,162 — 46,019 42,562 27,000 47,581 132,584 56,035 102,212 585,320 524 1995 92,619 46,618 — 48,577 45,782 29,192 47,705 146,569 59,595 103,592 620,249 622 1996 90,798 47,480 — 44,302 46,402 28,253 45,094 145,650 60,072 108,739 616,790 6 ( ) 1997 93,492 50,541 35,375 49,464 45,887 29,787 49,269 137,382 36,479 110,001 637,677 6 ( ) 1998 93,784 54,666 38,730 48,445 47,509 30,722 49,566 143,226 37,724 115,921 660,293 6 ( ) 1999 99,239 55,529 37,493 51,645 51,535 31,903 52,855 149,685 38,609 113,629 682,122 6 ( ) 2000 92,033 57,606 37,194 49,477 52,552 28,605 50,057 156,088 40,199 114,602 678,413 6 ( ) 2001 100,235 55,201 39,062 54,015 56,344 28,321 55,949 149,293 40,273 109,119 687,812 6 ( ) 2002 102,996 56,248 40,696 55,569 56,396 29,119 56,012 158,767 39,688 119,074 714,565 6 ( ) 2003 98,487 59,996 40,475 53,566 56,988 28,831 55,018 153,110 40,367 122,537 709,375 6 ( ) 2004 R95,300 R58,531 R42,383 R52,049 R53,439 R29,351 R52,549 R157,615 R40,106 R123,136 R704,459 6 ( ) 2005F 103,679 60,475 43,495 57,630 59,154 30,134 58,315 165,144 41,371 127,935 747,332 6 ( ) 

Winter

1986 64,561 28,730 — 32,807 28,036 18,850 37,976 101,849 33,877 76,171 422,857 5 ( ) 1987 68,118 31,399 — 35,775 30,606 19,335 41,902 105,476 34,472 81,182 448,265 5 ( ) 1988 67,771 34,621 — 36,363 30,631 20,162 42,951 108,649 35,649 82,937 459,734 5 ( ) 1989 73,080 38,388 — 38,161 33,770 21,360 42,588 121,995 42,268 84,768 496,378 626 1990 67,097 35,815 — 36,551 32,461 21,113 40,545 117,448 38,949 94,252 484,231 613 1991 71,181 35,448 — 37,983 33,420 21,432 41,866 119,575 38,759 86,097 485,761 622 1992 72,885 35,055 — 37,915 31,289 21,866 41,125 121,250 39,912 91,686 492,983 635 1993 81,846 35,407 — 41,406 34,966 21,955 42,063 133,635 41,644 88,811 521,733 632 1994 75,638 36,180 — 40,653 33,999 23,033 42,547 132,661 42,505 91,037 518,253 641 1995 83,465 36,965 — 40,790 35,734 23,429 42,755 142,032 44,624 94,890 544,684 676 1996 84,534 38,868 — 40,468 37,162 24,251 41,208 143,060 49,095 95,435 554,081 6 ( ) 1997 75,670 37,966 33,076 37,217 34,973 25,390 41,338 122,649 27,437 94,158 529,874 6 ( ) 1998 84,401 41,876 39,975 36,532 37,410 26,080 44,199 127,416 27,847 101,822 567,558 6 ( ) 1999 86,239 39,164 40,178 40,220 39,081 25,200 45,227 128,563 27,963 99,080 570,915 6 ( ) 2000 84,546 44,641 38,606 43,256 41,943 24,536 43,852 139,146 30,576 97,324 588,426 6 ( ) 2001 85,485 44,015 40,922 39,458 40,529 21,815 42,670 135,182 29,614 96,622 576,312 6 ( ) 2002 87,300 45,414 45,635 46,551 42,412 23,645 46,009 141,882 30,187 95,951 604,986 6 ( ) 2003 86,332 42,702 36,841 45,625 41,719 24,134 48,079 137,972 28,450 102,020 593,874 6 ( ) 2004 R91,800 R44,010 R44,839 R45,905 R42,929 R24,526 R48,176 R144,337 R29,490 R102,689 R618,701 6 ( ) 2005F 90,464 41,672 46,717 46,784 43,926 24,995 48,180 147,019 29,480 105,996 625,233 6 ( ) 

1 See "North American Electric Reliablility Council (NERC)" in Glossary. Data include the U.S. portion

of NERC only. See Figure 8.12 for an illustration of NERC regions.

2 MRO was renamed from MAPP in 2004. 3 WECC was renamed from WSCC in 2002. 4 The percent by which planned generating capacity resources are expected to be greater (or less) than

estimated net internal demand at the time of expected peak summer (or winter) demand. Net internaldemand does not include estimated demand for direct control load management and customers withinterruptible service agreements. Data are for the contiguous United States only. 5 Data submission for ASCC (Alaska) began in 1989.

6 Data were not filed.

R=Revised. F=Forecast. NA=Not available. — = Not applicaNote: Noncoincident peak load is the sum of two or more pe

occur at the same time interval.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electri

Tables 3.1-3.4; and EIA, Form EIA-411, "Coordinated Bulpredecessor forms. 
Figure 8.13 Electric Utility Demand-Side Management Programs

Actual Peakload Reductions Total, 1989-2004 Actual Peakload Reductions, 2004Energy Savings, 1989-2004 Costs, 1989-2004268 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Source: Table 8.13.

12 14

16

17

23

25

30 30

25

27 26

23

25

23 23 24

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

0

10203040

Gigawatts

39

9,260

61

14,272

Total: 23,532 Megawatts

Energy Efficiency

14,272

(61%)

Load Management

9,260

(39%)

15

20

25

36

45

52

57

62

56

49 51

54 54 54

50

55

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

0

1530456075

Billion Kilowatthours 0.9 1.2 1.8

2.3

2.7 2.7

2.4

1.9

1.6

1.4 

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 

0

1

2

3

Billion Nominal Dollars
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 8.13 Electric Utility Demand-Side Management Programs, 1989-2004

Year

Actual Peakload Reductions 1

Energy Efficiency Energy Savings 

2 Load Management 3 Total

Megawatts Million Kilowatthours 

1989 NA NA 12,463 14,672 1990 NA NA 13,704 20,458 1991 NA NA 15,619 24,848 1992 7,890 9,314 17,204 35,563 1993 10,368 12,701 23,069 45,294 1994 11,662 13,340 25,001 52,483 1995 13,212 16,347 29,561 57,421 1996 14,243 15,650 29,893 61,842 1997 13,326 11,958 25,284 56,406 1998 13,591 13,640 27,231 49,167 1999 13,452 13,003 26,455 50,563 2000 12,873 10,027 22,901 53,701 2001 13,027 11,928 24,955 R53,936 2002 13,420 9,516 22,936 54,075 2003 13,581 9,323 22,904 50,265 2004 14,272 9,260 23,532 54,710 

1 The actual reduction in peak load reflects the change in demand for electricity that results from a utility

demand-side management (DSM) program that is in effect at the time that the utility experiences its actualpeak load as opposed to the potential installed peakload reduction capacity. Differences between actualand potential peak reduction result from changes in weather, economic activity, and other variableconditions.

2 "Energy Efficiency" refers to programs that are aimed at reducing the energy used by specific end-use

devices and systems, typically without affecting the services provided. These programs reduce overallelectricity consumption, often without explicit consideration for the timing of program-induced savings. Such savings are generally achieved by substituting technically more advanced equipment to produce thesame level of end-use services (e.g., lighting, heating, motor drive) with less electricity. Examples includehigh-efficiency appliances, efficient lighting programs, high-efficiency heating, ventilating, and airconditioning systems or control modifications, efficient building design, advanced electric motor drives, andheat recovery systems.

3 "Load Management" includes programs such as "Direct Load Control," "Interruptible Load Control,"

and, "Other Types" of DSM programs. "Direct Load Control" refers to program activities that can interruptconsumer load at the time of annual peak load by direct control of the utility system operator by interruptingpower supply to individual appliances or equipment on consumer premises. This type of control usuallyinvolves residential consumers. "Interruptible Load Control" refers to program activities that, in accordance

with contractual arrangements, can interrupt consumer load at ti

of the utility system operator or by action of the consumer at thusually involves commercial and industrial consumers. In soaffected by direct action of the system operator (remote tripping) with contractual provisions. "Other Types" are programs that off-peak time periods, such as space heating and water heating 

R=Revised. NA=Not available. Note: This table reports on the results of DSM programs o

since 1998 in peakload reductions from DSM programs can be terminating these programs due to industry deregulation. Soprograms to promote DSM. Examples include the "Energy $mYork Energy Research and Development Authority and the "EfPublic Service Board. Data on energy savings attributable to tby the Energy Information Administration.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1992—Energy Information Administration (

Report." • 1993 forward—EIA, Electric Power Annual 2004 (No
Electricity

Note 1. Coverage of Electricity Statistics. Through 1984, data for electric utilities also include institutions (such as universities) and military facilities that

generated electricity primarily for their own use; beginning in 1985, data for electric utilities exclude institutions and military facilities. Data for independentpower producers, commercial plants, and industrial plants include plants with agenerator nameplate capacity of 1 megawatt or greater; they exclude plants with agenerator nameplate capacity less than 1 megawatt. Also excluded from the electricity statistics in Section 8 are data for residential and commercial selfgeneration from solar energy, except for the small amount sold to the grid and

included in data for the electric power sector.

Note 2. Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors. The EnergyInformation Administration (EIA) classifies power plants (both electricity-only andcombined-heat-and-power plants) into energy-use sectors based on the NorthAmerican Industry Classification System (NAICS), which replaced the StandardIndustrial Classification (SIC) system in 1997. Plants with a NAICS code of 22 areassigned to the Electric Power Sector. Those with NAICS codes beginning with 11(agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting); 21 (mining, including oil and gasextraction); 23 (construction); 31-33 (manufacturing); 2212 (natural gas

distribution); and 22131 (water supply and irrigation Industrial Sector. Those with all other codes are Sector. Form EIA-860, “Annual Electric Generator indicate the primary purpose of the facility by assigniat: http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/forms/eiaNote 3. Electricity Imports and Exports. Throu

(AER) 2001, EIA estimated the proportions of trad

and hydropower (and applied the fossil-fuel steam-elfrom kilowatthours to Btu) and from geothermal (geothermal energy plants). Beginning with the AER 

data, EIA is applying an overall rate of 3,412 Btu electricity. In addition, electricity net imports derived geothermal energy are no longer included in renewThey continue to be included in total U.S. energy celectricity net imports, with energy sources unspeciThis change between AER 2001 and AER 2002 resu

Btu drop in total renewable energy consumption from 

270 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Nuclear Energy

9

Site of Shippingport atomic power station, the first commercial nuclear power plant in the United States (rectangulareactor building and foreground); background, Beaver Valley 1 and 2 nuclear power plants and Bruce Mansfield coafired power plant (southwestern Pennsylvania). Source: U.S. Department of Energy.
Figure 9.1 Nuclear Generating Units

Status of All Ordered Units, 1953-2005 Units Ordered,5 1953-2005

Operable Units,1 1957-2005 Full-Power Operating Licenses Issued,6 1953-2

272 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Units holding full-power operating license, or equivalent permission to operate.2 Bellefonte 1 and 2 and Watts Bar 2, where construction has been stopped indefinitely. 3 Includes WNP 1; the licensee intends to request that the construction permit be cancelled.4 Ceased operation permanently.5 Placement of an order by a utility or government agency for a nuclear steam supply system.

6 Issuance by regulatory authority of full-power operating lic

Notes: • Data are at end of year. • Because vertical sc

compared.

Source: Table 9.1.

Cancelled3

124

Operable1

104

Pending2

3

Shut Down

28

Total Units Ordered: 259

4

Total Units Ordered5: 259 1953 1963 1973 1983 

0

1020304050

Number

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

306090

120

Number of Units

1953 1963 1973 1983 

06

12

18

Number

Peak: 112 Units in 1990

104 Units

In 2005
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 9.1 Nuclear Generating Units, 1953-2005

Year Orders 1 Cancelled Orders 2 Construction Permits 3 Low-Power Operating Licenses 4 Full-Power Operating Licenses 5 Shut

1953 1 0 0 0 0 1954 0 0 0 0 0 1955 3 0 1 0 0 1956 1 0 3 0 0 1957 2 0 1 1 1 1958 4 0 0 0 0 1959 4 0 3 1 1 1960 1 0 7 1 1 1961 0 0 0 0 0 1962 2 0 1 7 6 1963 4 0 1 3 2 1964 0 0 3 2 3 1965 7 0 1 0 0 1966 20 0 5 1 2 1967 29 0 14 3 3 1968 16 0 23 0 0 1969 9 0 7 4 4 1970 14 0 10 4 3 1971 21 0 4 5 2 1972 38 7 8 6 6 1973 42 0 14 12 15 1974 28 9 23 14 15 1975 4 13 9 3 2 1976 3 1 9 7 7 1977 4 10 15 4 4 1978 2 13 13 3 4 1979 0 6 2 0 0 1980 0 15 0 5 2 1981 0 9 0 3 4 1982 0 18 0 6 4 1983 0 6 0 3 3 1984 0 6 0 7 6 1985 0 2 0 7 9 1986 0 2 0 7 5 1987 0 0 0 6 8 1988 0 3 0 1 2 1989 0 0 0 3 4 1990 0 1 0 1 2 1991 0 0 0 0 0 1992 0 0 0 0 0 1993 0 0 0 1 1 1994 0 1 0 0 0 1995 0 2 0 1 0 1996 0 0 0 0 1 1997 0 0 0 80 80 1998 0 0 0 0 0 1999 0 0 0 0 0 2000 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 2002 0 0 0 0 0 2003 0 0 0 0 0 2004 0 0 0 0 0 2005 0 0 0 0 0 Total 259 124 177 132 132 

1 Placement of an order by a utility or government agency for a nuclear steam supply system. 2 Cancellation by utilities of ordered units. Includes WNP 1; the licensee intends to request that the

construction permit be cancelled. Does not include three units (Bellefonte 1 and 2 and Watts Bar 2) whereconstruction has been stopped indefinitely. 3 Issuance by regulatory authority of a permit, or equivalent permission, to begin construction. Numbersreflect permits issued in a given year, not extant permits. 4 Issuance by regulatory authority of license, or equivalent permission, to conduct testing but not to operate at full power. 5 Issuance by regulatory authority of full-power operating license, or equivalent permission. Unitsgenerally did not begin immediate operation. 6 Ceased operation permanently. 7 Total of nuclear generating units holding full-power licenses, or equivalent permission to operate, at

the end of the year. Although Browns Ferry 1 was shut down in 

and thus has continued to be counted as operable during the Valley Authority announced its intention to have the unit resume 

8 Under new regulations beginning in 1997, the terms "Low-P

Operating Licenses" are no longer applicable; while no new liregulations, applications have been made for "Early Site PerNuclear Generating Units," at end of section.

— = Not applicable. Note: See Note 2, "Coverage of Nuclear Energy Statistics," aWeb Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: See end of section.
Figure 9.2 Nuclear Power Plant Operations

Total Electricity and Nuclear Electricity Net Generation, 1957-2005 Nuclear Share of Electricity Net Generation, 19Net Summer Capacity of Operable Units, 1957-2005 Capacity Factor, 1973-2005274 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Sources: Tables 8.1 and 9.2.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

1

2

345

Trillion Kilowatthours

Total

Nuclear

1960 1970 1980 

05

10152025

Percent

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

306090

120

Million Kilowatts

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

20406080

100

Percent

100 

in

2005
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 9.2 Nuclear Power Plant Operations, 1957-2005

Year

Nuclear Electricity Net Generation Nuclear Share of Electricity Net Generation Net Summer Capacity of Operable Units 1 

Billion Kilowatthours Percent Million Kilowatts 

1957 (s) (s) 0.1 1958 0.2 (s) 0.1 1959 0.2 (s) 0.1 1960 0.5 0.1 0.4 1961 1.7 0.2 0.4 1962 2.3 0.3 0.7 1963 3.2 0.3 0.8 1964 3.3 0.3 0.8 1965 3.7 0.3 0.8 1966 5.5 0.5 1.7 1967 7.7 0.6 2.7 1968 12.5 0.9 2.7 1969 13.9 1.0 4.4 1970 21.8 1.4 7.0 1971 38.1 2.4 9.0 1972 54.1 3.1 14.5 1973 83.5 4.5 22.7 1974 114.0 6.1 31.9 1975 172.5 9.0 37.3 1976 191.1 9.4 43.8 1977 250.9 11.8 46.3 1978 276.4 12.5 50.8 1979 255.2 11.3 49.7 1980 251.1 11.0 51.8 1981 272.7 11.9 56.0 1982 282.8 12.6 60.0 1983 293.7 12.7 63.0 1984 327.6 13.5 69.7 1985 383.7 15.5 79.4 1986 414.0 16.6 85.2 1987 455.3 17.7 93.6 1988 527.0 19.5 94.7 1989 529.4 17.8 98.2 1990 576.9 19.0 99.6 1991 612.6 19.9 99.6 1992 618.8 20.1 99.0 1993 610.3 19.1 99.0 1994 640.4 19.7 99.1 1995 673.4 20.1 99.5 1996 674.7 19.6 100.8 1997 628.6 18.0 99.7 1998 673.7 18.6 97.1 1999 728.3 19.7 97.4 2000 753.9 19.8 97.9 2001 768.8 20.6 98.2 2002 780.1 20.2 98.7 2003 763.7 19.7 99.2 2004 R788.5 19.9 99.6 2005P 780.5 19.3 99.8 

1 At end of year. See "Generator Net Summer Capacity" in Glossary. 2 See "Generator Capacity Factor" in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.05. Note: See Note 2, "Coverage of Nuclear Energy Statistics," at end of section.Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelnuclear.html.Sources: Nuclear Electricity Net Generation and Nuclear Share of Electricity Net Generation: 

Table 8.2a. Net Summer Capacity of Operable Units: Table 

weighted average of monthly values for the year. Monthly fageneration divided by the maximum possible generation for that is the number of hours in the month multiplied by the net summfraction is then multiplied by 100 to obtain a percentage. Monthly Monthly Energy Review (March 2006), Table 8.1. 
Figure 9.3 Uranium Overview

Production and Trade, 1949-2005 Production and Trade, 2005Inventories, End of Year 1981-2005 Average Prices, 1981-2005276 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Purchased

Imports

Purchased

Imports

Domestic

Purchases

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 9.3.

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

255075

Million Pounds Uranium Oxide Export Sales Domestic Concentrate Production

3

66

Domestic Purchased Import

0

255075

Million Pounds Uranium Oxide

Concentrate Production

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

50

100150200

Million Pounds Uranium Oxide

Total

1985 1990 1995 

0

10203040

Nominal Dollars per Pound Uranium Oxide Electric Plants Domestic Suppliers
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 9.3 Uranium Overview, Selected Years, 1949-2005

Year

Domestic

Concentrate

Production 1

Purchased

Imports 2

Export 2

Sales 

Electric Plant

Purchases From

Domestic Suppliers

Loaded Into

U.S. Nuclear

Reactors 3

Inventories 

Domestic Suppliers Electric Plants Total Pu

Million Pounds U3O8 

1949 0.36 4.3 0.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1950 0.92 5.5 0.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1955 5.56 7.6 0.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1960 35.28 36.0 0.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1965 20.88 8.0 0.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1970 25.81 0.0 4.2 NA NA NA NA NA 1971 24.55 0.0 0.4 NA NA NA NA NA 1972 25.80 0.0 0.2 NA NA NA NA NA 1973 26.47 0.0 1.2 NA NA NA NA NA 1974 23.06 0.0 3.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1975 23.20 1.4 1.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1976 25.49 3.6 1.2 NA NA NA NA NA 1977 29.88 5.6 4.0 NA NA NA NA NA 1978 36.97 5.2 6.8 NA NA NA NA NA 1979 37.47 3.0 6.2 NA NA NA NA NA 1980 43.70 3.6 5.8 NA NA NA NA NA 1981 38.47 6.6 4.4 32.6 NA NA NA 159.2 1982 26.87 17.1 6.2 27.1 NA NA NA 174.8 1983 21.16 8.2 3.3 24.2 NA NA NA 191.8 1984 14.88 12.5 2.2 22.5 NA 25.0 160.2 185.2 1985 11.31 11.7 5.3 21.7 NA 23.7 153.2 176.9 1986 13.51 13.5 1.6 18.9 NA 27.0 144.1 171.1 1987 12.99 15.1 1.0 20.8 NA 25.4 137.8 163.2 1988 13.13 15.8 3.3 17.6 NA 19.3 125.5 144.8 1989 13.84 13.1 2.1 18.4 NA 22.2 115.8 138.1 1990 8.89 23.7 2.0 20.5 NA 26.4 102.7 129.1 1991 7.95 16.3 3.5 26.8 34.6 20.7 98.0 118.7 1992 5.65 23.3 2.8 23.4 43.0 25.2 92.1 117.3 1993 3.06 21.0 3.0 15.5 45.1 24.5 81.2 105.7 1994 3.35 36.6 17.7 22.7 40.4 21.5 65.4 86.9 1995 6.04 41.3 9.8 22.3 51.1 13.7 58.7 72.5 1996 6.32 45.4 11.5 23.7 46.2 13.9 66.1 80.0 1997 5.64 43.0 17.0 19.4 48.2 40.4 65.9 106.2 1998 4.71 43.7 15.1 21.6 38.2 70.7 65.8 136.5 1999 4.61 47.6 8.5 21.4 58.8 68.8 58.3 127.1 2000 3.96 44.9 13.6 24.3 51.5 56.5 54.8 111.3 2001 2.64 46.7 11.7 27.5 52.7 48.1 55.6 103.8 2002 E2.34 52.7 15.4 22.7 57.2 48.7 53.5 102.1 2003 E2.00 53.0 13.2 21.7 62.3 39.9 45.6 85.5 2004 2.28 66.1 13.2 28.2 R 50.1 R 37.5 R 57.7 R 95.2 2005 E2.69 65.5 20.5 27.3 P 58.3 P 29.0 P 64.8 P 93.8 

1 See "Uranium Concentrate" in Glossary. 2 Import quantities through 1970 are reported for fiscal years. Prior to 1968, the Atomic Energy

Commission was the sole purchaser of all imported U3O8. Trade data prior to 1982 were for transactionsconducted by uranium suppliers only. For 1982 forward, transactions by uranium buyers (consumers) havebeen included. Buyer imports and exports prior to 1982 are believed to be small.

3 Does not include any fuel rods removed from reactors and later reloaded. 4 Nominal dollars.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. — = Not applicable. 

Notes: • U3O8 is uranium oxide. See "Uranium Oxide" in G

been rounded to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelnuclea

Sources: • 1949-1966—U.S. Department of Energy, Gra

Uranium Industry, Report No. GJO-100, annual reports. • 1967Uranium Industry Annual, annual reports. • 2003 forward—E(May 2006), and "Uranium Marketing Annual Report" (May 2006
Nuclear Energy

Note 1. Pending Actions on Nuclear Generating Units. Much of Table 9.1 isbased on the U.S Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulation 10 CFR Part50, which has in most instances been supplanted by 10 CFR Part 52 following thepassage of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 and procedural reforms initiated in 1989by the NRC. (This statement applies to permit and license procedures only.) Thereis still a possibility that Watts Bar 2 might be built under the old law and for a whileduring 2006 this seemed likely. Firms might also still opt for 10 CFR Part 50 fornew projects, but this seems unlikely in all but special cases. Early Site Permits (ESPs) issued under 10 CFR Part 52 were applied for in 2003and are likely to begin being issued in 2007. Additional ESP applications areanticipated during 2006 (Southern Company) and following years (perhaps including Duke and Galena, Alaska). Several potential applicants anticipate filingcombined license application (COL) for building and conditionally operating newnuclear reactors during 2007. Actual COLs are targeted for issuance as early as2009 though this would require on schedule regulation. The NRC has told Senatecommittees that over the next few years it anticipates sixteen or more potentialapplications for COLs amounting to as many as twenty-five reactors. These wouldall be filed under 10 CFR Part 52.The Tennessee Valley Authority informed the NRC in the spring of 2006 that itwanted its 10 CFR Part 50 Bellefonte applications withdrawn in favor of a new pairof reactors issued under 10 CFR Part 52. The Watts Bar 2 license remains validand for a while it appeared on NRC work schedules. It has however been withdrawn from more recent work schedules without explanation.Note 2. Coverage of Nuclear Energy Statistics. In 1997, the Energy InformationAdministration undertook a major revision of Table 9.1 to more fully describe thehistory of the U.S. commercial nuclear power industry. The time frame wasextended back to the birth of the industry in 1953, and the data categories wererevised for greater relevance to current industry conditions and trends. To acquirethe data for the revised categories it was necessary to develop a reactor unit database employing different sources than those used previously for Table 9.1 and stillused for Table 9.2. The data in Table 9.1 apply to commercial nuclear power units, which means thatthe units contributed power to the commercial electricity grid. A total of 259 unitsever ordered was identified. Although most orders were placed by electric utilities,several units are or were ordered, owned, and operated wholly or in part by theFederal Government, including BONUS (Boiling Nuclear Superheater Power

Station), Elk River, Experimental Breeder Reactor 

and Shippingport.A reactor is generally defined as operable in Table power license from the Nuclear Regulatory CommAtomic Energy Commission, or equivalent permissiyear. The definition is liberal in that it does not exclicenses during long, non-routine shutdowns. For exa

y In 1985 the five then-active Tennessee Va

Ferry 1, 2, and 3 and Sequoyah 1 and 2) were forced outage. Browns Ferry 1 is likely to resother units restarted in 1991, 1995, 1988, anunits are counted as operable during the shutd

y Shippingport was shut down from 1974 thro

light-water breeder reactor, but is counted as 1982. 

y Calvert Cliffs 2 was shut down in 1989 and 19

izer heater sleeves but is counted as operable d

Exceptions to the rule are Shoreham and Three Mgranted a full-power license in April 1989, but was snever restarted. In 1991, the license was changed to operable at the end of the year, Shoreham is treated shut down in 1990, because counting it as operable awould introduce a statistical discrepancy in the talThree Mile Island 2 in 1979, and although the unit for several years, it is considered permanently shut doTable 9.1 Sources: Operable Units: • 1953-sources, primarily U.S. Department of Energy (DOPrograms, "U.S. Central Station Nuclear Electric Milestones." • 1983 forward–Energy Information EIA-860, "Annual Electric Generator Report," and Data: • 1953-1997–U.S. Atomic Energy CommisCongress, Volume 2, Regulatory Activities; NucleaProfile of U.S. Nuclear Power Development (1988Power 1991 (September 1991); DOE, Nuclear Re

Planned: 1995; U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commiss(1997 and 1998) and "Plant Status Report"; and variotor officials. • 1998 forward–NRC, Information Dige

278 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Renewable Energy

10

Grand Coulee Dam, Washington State. Source: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
Figure 10.1 Renewable Energy Consumption by Major Sources

Renewable Energy as Share of Total Energy, 2005 Renewable Energy Total Consumption and Ma`

Renewable Energy Consumption by Source, 20

280 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other

biomass. 2 Conventional hydroelectric power.

3 Ethanol blended into motor gasoline.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 1.3 and 10.1.

– Waste1 9%– Hydroelectric

Power2

45%

Petroleum

40%

Natural Gas

23%

6%

Coal

23%

8%

– Wind 2%

– Geothermal 6%

Nuclear Electric

Power

– Alcohol Fuels3 6%

– Solar 1%

– Wood 31%

Renewable

Energy

Wood

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

2

468

Quadrillion Btu

2.7

1.9

0.5

0.4 

Hydroelectric Wood Waste1 Geo- 

0

1

2

3

Quadrillion Btu

Power2 thermal 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.1 Renewable Energy Consumption by Source, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Hydroelectric

Power 1

Biomass

Geothermal 5 Solar 6 

Wood 

2 Waste 3 Alcohol Fuels 4 Total

1949 1,425 1,549 NA NA 1,549 NA NA 1950 1,415 1,562 NA NA 1,562 NA NA 1955 1,360 1,424 NA NA 1,424 NA NA 1960 1,608 1,320 NA NA 1,320 1 NA 1965 2,059 1,335 NA NA 1,335 4 NA 1970 2,634 1,429 2 NA 1,431 11 NA 1971 2,824 1,430 2 NA 1,432 12 NA 1972 2,864 1,501 2 NA 1,503 31 NA 1973 2,861 1,527 2 NA 1,529 43 NA 1974 3,177 1,538 2 NA 1,540 53 NA 1975 3,155 1,497 2 NA 1,499 70 NA 1976 2,976 1,711 2 NA 1,713 78 NA 1977 2,333 1,837 2 NA 1,838 77 NA 1978 2,937 2,036 1 NA 2,038 64 NA 1979 2,931 2,150 2 NA 2,152 84 NA 1980 2,900 R2,474 2 NA R2,476 110 NA 1981 2,758 R2,496 88 7 R2,591 123 NA 1982 3,266 R2,510 119 19 R2,648 105 NA 1983 3,527 R2,684 157 35 R2,876 129 NA 1984 3,386 R2,686 208 43 R2,937 165 (s) 1985 2,970 R2,687 236 52 R2,975 198 (s) 1986 3,071 R2,562 263 60 R2,885 219 (s) 1987 2,635 R2,463 289 69 R2,821 229 (s) 1988 2,334 R2,577 315 70 R2,962 217 (s) 1989 2,837 R2,680 354 71 R3,105 317 55 1990 3,046 R2,216 408 63 R2,687 336 60 1991 3,016 R2,214 440 73 R2,727 346 63 1992 2,617 R2,313 473 83 R2,870 349 64 1993 2,892 R2,260 479 97 R2,836 364 66 1994 2,683 R2,324 515 109 R2,948 338 69 1995 3,205 R2,370 531 117 R3,018 294 70 1996 3,590 R2,437 577 84 R3,098 316 71 1997 3,640 R2,381 551 106 R3,037 325 70 1998 3,297 R2,184 542 117 R2,843 328 70 1999 3,268 2,224 540 122 R2,886 331 69 2000 2,811 R2,272 511 139 R2,922 317 66 2001 2,242 R2,006 514 147 R2,666 311 65 2002 2,689 R1,995 576 R175 R2,746 328 64 2003 2,825 R2,002 571 R238 R2,812 R331 64 2004 R2,690 R2,121 R562 R299 R2,982 R341 R65 2005P 2,715 1,896 545 340 2,781 352 64 

1 Conventional hydroelectric power. 2 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 3 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 4 Ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 5 Geothermal electricity net generation, heat pump, and direct use energy. 6 Solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation, and solar thermal direct use energy. 7 Wind electricity net generation. R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 

Notes: • See Table E1 for estimated renewable energy con

equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see ht• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelrenewa

Sources: Tables 10.2a and 10.2b.
Figure 10.2a Renewable Energy Consumption: End-Use Sectors

End-Use Sectors and Electric Power Sector, 2005 Industrial1 Sector, Major Sources, 1989-2005Residential Sector, 1989-2005 Transportation Sector, 1989-2005 Commercial1 Sector, M282 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes fuel used at combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of electricityonly plants. 2 Ethanol blended into motor gasoline.3 Solar thermal direct use energy and photovoltaic electricity generation. Includes small

amounts of commercial sector use.

4 Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.

Notes: • See related Figure 10.2b on the electric power se

differ, graphs should not be compared. 

Sources: Tables 10.2a and 10.2b.

0.5

0.1

1.4

0.3

3.7

Residential Commercial1 Industrial1 Transportation2 Electric

0

1

2

34

Quadrillion Btu

Wood

Waste

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 

0.00.51.01.52.0

Quadrillion Btu

Solar3 and Geothermal4

End-Use Sectors

Wood

1990 1994 1998 2002

0.0

0.2

0.40.60.81.0

Quadrillion Btu

1990 1994 1998 2002

0

100200300400

Trillion Btu

1990 1994 

0

20406080

Trillion Btu

Power

Sector

Alcohol Fuels2
Figure 10.2b Renewable Energy Consumption: Electric Power Sector

Electric Power Share of Total Renewable Energy Consumption, 2005 Electric Power Sector Total and HydroelectrNon-Hydroelectric Power Sources, 1989-2005 Non-Hydroelectric Power Sources, 2005

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

1Conventional hydroelectric power.

Notes: • See related Figure 10.2a on the end-use sectors. • Because vertical scales differ,

graphs should not be compared.

Sources: Tables 10.2a and 10.2b.

1950 1960 1970 1980 

0

1

2

345

Quadrillion Btu

End-Use Total

39%

Electric Power Sector

61%

Geothermal

363

318

168

Waste Geothermal Wood 

0

100200300400

Wood

Trillion Btu

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

100200300400

Trillion Btu

Waste

E

Wind

Solar
284 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 10.2a Estimated Renewable Energy Consumption: Residential, Commercial, and Industria

 Selected Years, 1949-2005 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Residential Sector Commercial Sector 1 Indust

Biomass

Geothermal 4 Solar 5 Total

Hydroelectric

Power 6

Biomass

Geothermal 4 Total

Hydroelectric

Power 6

Biomas

Wood 

3 Wood 3 Waste 7 Total Wood 3 Waste 

1949 1,055 NA NA 1,055 NA 20 NA 20 NA 20 76 468 NA 1950 1,006 NA NA 1,006 NA 19 NA 19 NA 19 69 532 NA 1955 775 NA NA 775 NA 15 NA 15 NA 15 38 631 NA 1960 627 NA NA 627 NA 12 NA 12 NA 12 39 680 NA 1965 468 NA NA 468 NA 9 NA 9 NA 9 33 855 NA 1970 401 NA NA 401 NA 8 NA 8 NA 8 34 1,019 NA 1971 382 NA NA 382 NA 7 NA 7 NA 7 34 1,040 NA 1972 380 NA NA 380 NA 7 NA 7 NA 7 34 1,113 NA 1973 354 NA NA 354 NA 7 NA 7 NA 7 35 1,165 NA 1974 371 NA NA 371 NA 7 NA 7 NA 7 33 1,159 NA 1975 425 NA NA 425 NA 8 NA 8 NA 8 32 1,063 NA 1976 482 NA NA 482 NA 9 NA 9 NA 9 33 1,220 NA 1977 542 NA NA 542 NA 10 NA 10 NA 10 33 1,281 NA 1978 622 NA NA 622 NA 12 NA 12 NA 12 32 1,400 NA 1979 728 NA NA 728 NA 14 NA 14 NA 14 34 1,405 NA 1980 R850 NA NA R850 NA 21 NA 21 NA 21 33 1,600 NA 1981 R870 NA NA R870 NA 21 NA 21 NA 21 33 1,602 87 1982 R970 NA NA R970 NA 22 NA 22 NA 22 33 1,516 118 1983 R970 NA NA R970 NA 22 NA 22 NA 22 33 1,690 155 1984 R980 NA NA R980 NA 22 NA 22 NA 22 33 1,679 204 1985 R1,010 NA NA R1,010 NA 24 NA 24 NA 24 33 1,645 230 1986 R920 NA NA R920 NA 27 NA 27 NA 27 33 1,610 256 1987 R850 NA NA R850 NA 29 NA 29 NA 29 33 1,576 282 1988 R910 NA NA R910 NA 32 NA 32 NA 32 33 1,625 308 1989 R920 5 53 R978 1 R76 22 R98 3 R102 28 1,584 200 1990 R580 6 56 R641 1 R66 28 R94 3 R98 31 1,442 192 1991 R610 6 58 R674 1 R68 26 R95 3 R99 30 1,410 185 1992 R640 6 60 R706 1 R72 32 R104 3 R109 31 1,461 179 1993 R550 7 62 R618 1 R76 33 R109 3 R113 30 R1,484 181 1994 R520 6 64 R590 1 R72 35 R106 4 R111 62 1,580 199 1995 R520 7 65 R591 1 R72 40 R113 5 R118 55 1,652 195 1996 R540 7 65 R612 1 R76 53 R129 5 R135 61 R1,683 224 1997 R440 8 65 R513 1 R73 58 R131 6 R138 58 1,731 184 1998 R380 8 65 R452 1 R64 54 R118 7 R127 55 1,603 180 1999 R400 9 64 R472 1 R67 54 R121 7 R128 49 1,620 171 2000 R430 9 61 R500 1 R71 47 R119 8 R127 42 1,636 145 2001 370 9 60 439 1 R67 39 R106 8 R115 33 1,443 150 2002 R380 10 59 R449 (s) R69 42 R111 9 R120 39 1,396 168 2003 R400 R13 58 R471 1 R71 47 R119 R11 R131 43 1,363 170 2004 R410 R14 R59 R483 1 R70 R55 R126 R12 R139 R33 R1,476 R162 2005P 420 16 59 495 1 70 46 116 14 130 32 1,238 136 

1 Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial

electricity-only plants.

2 Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only

plants.

3 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 4 Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy. 5 Solar thermal direct use energy and photovoltaic electricity generation. Includes a small amount of

commercial sector use.

6 Conventional hydroelectric power. 7 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agric

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into 

• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see ht

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelrenewa

Sources: See end of section.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.2b Renewable Energy Consumption: Transportation and Electric Power Sectors, Selec

 (Trillion Btu)

Year

Transportation Sector Electric Power Sector 1

Biomass

Hydroelectric

Power 3

Biomass

Geothermal 6 Solar 7 

Alcohol Fuels 

2 Wood 4 Waste 5 Total

1949 NA 1,349 6 NA 6 NA NA 1950 NA 1,346 5 NA 5 NA NA 1955 NA 1,322 3 NA 3 NA NA 1960 NA 1,569 2 NA 2 1 NA 1965 NA 2,026 3 NA 3 4 NA 1970 NA 2,600 1 2 4 11 NA 1971 NA 2,790 1 2 3 12 NA 1972 NA 2,829 1 2 3 31 NA 1973 NA 2,827 1 2 3 43 NA 1974 NA 3,143 1 2 3 53 NA 1975 NA 3,122 (s) 2 2 70 NA 1976 NA 2,943 1 2 3 78 NA 1977 NA 2,301 3 2 5 77 NA 1978 NA 2,905 2 1 3 64 NA 1979 NA 2,897 3 2 5 84 NA 1980 NA 2,867 3 2 5 110 NA 1981 7 2,725 3 1 4 123 NA 1982 19 3,233 2 1 3 105 NA 1983 35 3,494 2 2 4 129 NA 1984 43 3,353 5 4 9 165 (s) 1985 52 2,937 8 7 14 198 (s) 1986 60 3,038 5 7 12 219 (s) 1987 69 2,602 8 7 15 229 (s) 1988 70 2,302 10 8 17 217 (s) 1989 71 92,808 9100 9132 9232 9308 93 1990 63 3,014 129 188 317 326 4 1991 73 2,985 126 229 354 335 5 1992 83 2,586 140 262 402 338 4 1993 97 2,861 150 265 415 351 5 1994 109 2,620 152 282 434 325 5 1995 117 3,149 125 296 422 280 5 1996 84 3,528 138 300 438 300 5 1997 106 3,581 137 309 446 309 5 1998 117 3,241 137 308 444 311 5 1999 122 3,218 138 315 453 312 5 2000 139 2,768 134 318 453 296 5 2001 147 2,209 126 324 450 289 6 2002 R175 2,650 150 365 516 305 6 2003 R238 2,781 167 354 522 303 5 2004 R299 R2,656 R165 R344 510 R311 6 2005P 340 2,682 168 363 531 318 6 

1 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public.

2 Ethanol blended into motor gasoline. 3 Conventional hydroelectric power. 4 Wood, black liquor, and other wood waste. 5 Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass. 6 Geothermal electricity net generation. 7 Solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation.

8 Wind electricity net generation. 9 Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginnin

independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than Notes: • See Note 3, "Electricity Imports and Exports," at end 

of components due to independent rounding.

Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see ht

• For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelrenewa

Sources: See end of section.
Figure 10.3 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by Type, Price, and Trade

Total Shipments, 1974-1984 and 1986-2004 Trade, 1978-1984 and 1986-2004 Price of Total ShipmenNumber of U.S. Manufacturers by Type of Collector, 1974-1984 Average Annual Shipments per Manufacturer, and 1986-2004286 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Collectors that generally operate in the temperature range of 140 degrees Fahrenheit to

180 degrees Fahrenheit but can also operate at temperatures as low as 110 degreesFahrenheit. 2 Collectors that generally operate at temperatures below 110 degrees Fahrenheit.

Notes: • Shipments are for domestic and export shipments, and may include imports

that subsequently were shipped to domestic or foreign custfor 1985. • Special collectors–evacuated tube colleccollectors–are included in the medium-temperature category

graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 10.3.

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

06

12

1824

Million Square Feet

1990 

0369

12

Nominal Dollars per Square Foot

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

1

2

34

Million Square Feet Imports

Medium-Temperature

Collectors1

Exports

Low-Temperature

Collectors2

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

100200300

Number

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

300600900

1,2001,5001,800

Thousand Square Feet Low-

C
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.3 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by Type, Price, and Trade, 1974-2004

 (Thousand Square Feet, Except as Noted)

Year

Low-Temperature Collectors 1 Medium-Temperature Collectors 2 High-Temperature Collectors 3 Total Sh

Number

of U.S.

Manufacturers Quantity Shipped

Shipments

per

Manufacturer

Price 4

(dollars per

square foot)

Number

of U.S.

Manufacturers Quantity Shipped

Shipments

per

Manufacturer

Price 4

(dollars per

square foot)

Quantity

Shipped

Price 4

(dollars per

square foot)

Quantity

Shipped

1974 6 1,137 190 NA 39 137 4 NA NA NA 1,274 1975 13 3,026 233 NA 118 717 6 NA NA NA 3,743 1976 19 3,876 204 NA 203 1,925 10 NA NA NA 5,801 1977 52 4,743 91 NA 297 5,569 19 NA NA NA 10,312 1978 69 5,872 85 NA 204 4,988 25 NA NA NA 10,860 1979 84 8,394 100 NA 257 5,856 23 NA NA NA 14,251 1980 79 12,233 155 NA 250 7,165 29 NA NA NA 19,398 1981 75 8,677 116 NA 263 11,456 44 NA NA NA 21,133 1982 61 7,476 123 NA 248 11,145 45 NA NA NA 18,621 1983 55 4,853 88 NA 179 11,975 67 NA NA NA 16,828 1984 48 4,479 93 NA 206 11,939 58 NA 773 NA 17,191 1985 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1986 22 3,751 171 2.30 87 1,111 13 18.30 4,498 NA 9,360 1987 12 3,157 263 2.18 50 957 19 13.50 3,155 NA 7,269 1988 8 3,326 416 2.24 45 732 16 14.88 4,116 NA 8,174 1989 10 4,283 428 2.60 36 1,989 55 11.74 5,209 17.76 11,482 1990 12 3,645 304 2.90 41 2,527 62 7.68 5,237 15.74 11,409 1991 16 5,585 349 2.90 41 989 24 11.94 1 31.94 6,574 1992 16 6,187 387 2.50 34 897 26 10.96 2 75.66 7,086 1993 13 6,025 464 2.80 33 931 28 11.74 12 22.12 6,968 1994 16 6,823 426 2.54 31 803 26 13.54 2 177.00 7,627 1995 14 6,813 487 2.32 26 840 32 10.48 13 53.26 7,666 1996 14 6,821 487 2.67 19 785 41 14.48 10 18.75 7,616 1997 13 7,524 579 2.60 21 606 29 15.17 7 25.00 8,138 1998 12 7,292 607 2.83 19 443 23 15.17 21 53.21 7,756 1999 13 8,152 627 2.08 20 427 21 19.12 4 286.49 8,583 2000 11 7,948 723 2.09 16 400 25 R W 5 R W 8,354 2001 10 10,919 1,092 2.15 17 268 16 R W 2 R W 11,189 2002 13 11,126 856 1.97 17 535 31 W 2 W 11,663 2003 12 10,877 906 2.08 17 560 33 W 7 W 11,444 2004P 9 13,608 1,512 1.80 17 506 30 19.30 0 0.00 14,114 

1 Low-temperature collectors are solar thermal collectors that generally operate at temperatures below

110° F. 2 Medium-temperature collectors are solar thermal collectors that generally operate in the temperaturerange of 140° F to 180° F but can also operate at temperatures as low as 110° F. Special collectors areincluded in this category. Special collectors are evacuated tube collectors or concentrating (focusing)collectors. They operate in the temperature range from just above ambient temperature (low concentrationfor pool heating) to several hundred degrees Fahrenheit (high concentration for air conditioning andspecialized industrial processes).

3 High-temperature collectors are solar thermal collectors that generally operate at temperatures above

180° F. 4 Prices, in nominal dollars, equal shipment value divided by quantity shipped. Value includes chargesfor advertising and warranties. Excluded are excise taxes and the cost of freight or transportation for theshipments.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. W=Value 

company data. 

Notes: • Shipments data are for domestic and export 

subsequently were shipped to domestic or foreign customers. type of collector are accounted for in both groups.• No data acollector shipments were dominated by one manufacturer.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1974-1992—Energy Information Administration (E

annual reports, and Form CE-63A, "Annual Solar Thermapredecessor forms. • 1993-2001—EIA, Renewable Energy A"Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey," and Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Collector Manufacturing Activ"Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey."
Figure 10.4 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by End Use, Market Sector, and Type, 2004

End Use Market Sector Type of CollectorEnd Use by Type Residential and Commercial Sectors by Type288 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Space heating and combined space and water heating.2 Collectors that generally operate at temperatures below 110 degrees Fahrenheit.3 Collectors that generally operate in the temperature range of 140 degrees Fahrenheit to

180 degrees Fahrenheit but can also operate at temperatures as low as 110 degreesFahrenheit.

4 Collectors that generally operate at temperatures below 1

(s)=Less than 0.05 million square feet.Note: Data are for domestic and export shipments, and 

quently were shipped to domestic or foreign customers.

Source: Table 10.4.

13.6

0.5 (s)

Pool Water Other1

05

1015

Million Square Feet

12.9

1.2

0.1

Residential Commercial Industrial

05

1015

Million Square Feet

13.6

Low- 

05

1015

Million Square Feet

Heating and Other Temperature2 Temperature2 

Heating 

(s) 0.5

13.6

0.0

Pool Heating Water Heating

05

1015

Million Square Feet Low-Temperature Collectors2 Medium-Temperature Collectors3

0.5 

12.4

Residential 

05

1015

Million Square Feet Low

Med
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.4 Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by End Use, Market Sector, and Type, 2004

 (Thousand Square Feet)

End Use

Low-Temperature

Collectors 1

Medium-Temperature

Collectors 2

High-Temperature

Collectors 3 

End-Use Total ..................................................... 13,608 506 0 

 Pool Heating ....................................................... 13,600 33 0  Water Heating ..................................................... 0 452 0  Space Heating .................................................... 8 5 0  Space Cooling .................................................... 0 0 0  Combined Space and Water Heating ................. 0 16 0  Process Heating ................................................. 0 0 0  Electricity Generation ......................................... 0 0 0  Other 4 ................................................................ 0 0 0 

Market Sector Total ............................................ 13,608 506 0 

 Residential .......................................................... 12,386 478 0  Commercial ........................................................ 1,178 0 0  Industrial 5 .......................................................... 44 26 0  Electric Utility ...................................................... 0 0 0  Other 6 ................................................................ 0 3 0 

1 Low-temperature collectors are solar thermal collectors that generally operate at temperatures below

110° F. 2 Medium-temperature collectors are solar thermal collectors that generally operate in the temperaturerange of 140° F to 180° F but can also operate at temperatures as low as 110° F. Special collectors areincluded in this category. Special collectors are evacuated tube collectors or concentrating (focusing)collectors. They operate in the temperature range from just above ambient temperature (low concentrationfor pool heating) to several hundred degrees Fahrenheit (high concentration for air conditioning andspecialized industrial processes).

3 High-temperature collectors are solar thermal collectors that generally operate at temperatures above

180° F. These are parabolic dish/trough collectors used primarily by independent power producers togenerate electricity for the electric grid.

4 "Other" includes shipments of solar thermal collectors for 

pumping, water purification, desalinization, distilling, etc. 5 Includes all independent power producers. 6 "Other" includes shipments of solar thermal collectors to otthe military but excluding space applications.

Notes: • Data are for domestic and export shipments, and m

shipped to domestic or foreign customers. • Data are prelicomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, Solar Thermal 

Activities 2004 (November 2005), Table 38.
Figure 10.5 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments, Trade, and Prices

Number of U.S. Companies Reporting Shipments, 1982-2004 Total Shipments, 1982-Trade, 1983-2004 Prices, 1989-2004290 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • Shipments are for domestic and export shipments, and may include imports that

subsequently were shipped to domestic and foreign customers. • Because vertical scalesdiffer, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 10.5.

19 18

23

15

17 17

14

17

19

23

21

19

22

24 25

21 21

19

21

19 19 20 19

1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

05

1015202530

Number

Imports

1985 19

0

255075

100125150175200

Thousand Peak Kilowatts

Modules

1985 1990 1995 2000

0

20406080

100120

Thousand Peak Kilowatts

1990 1992 1994 1996 199

0

2

468

Nominal Dollars per Peak Watt Exports Cells
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.5 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by Type, Trade, and Prices, 1982-2004

Year

U.S. Companies

Reporting

Shipments

Shipments Trade 

Crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Silicon Total 2 Imports Exports M

Number Peak Kilowatts 

1982 19 NA NA 6,897 NA NA 1983 18 NA NA 12,620 NA 1,903 1984 23 NA NA 9,912 NA 2,153 1985 15 5,461 303 5,769 285 1,670 1986 17 5,806 516 6,333 678 3,109 1987 17 5,613 1,230 6,850 921 3,821 1988 14 7,364 1,895 9,676 1,453 5,358 1989 17 10,747 1,628 12,825 826 7,363 1990 319 12,492 1,321 313,837 1,398 7,544 1991 23 14,205 723 14,939 2,059 8,905 1992 21 14,457 1,075 15,583 1,602 9,823 1993 19 20,146 782 20,951 1,767 14,814 1994 22 24,785 1,061 26,077 1,960 17,714 1995 24 29,740 1,266 31,059 1,337 19,871 1996 25 33,996 1,445 35,464 1,864 22,448 1997 21 44,314 1,886 46,354 1,853 33,793 1998 21 47,186 3,318 50,562 1,931 35,493 1999 19 73,461 3,269 76,787 4,784 55,562 2000 21 85,155 2,736 88,221 8,821 68,382 2001 19 84,651 12,541 97,666 10,204 61,356 2002 19 104,123 7,396 112,090 7,297 66,778 2003 20 R97,940 10,966 109,357 9,731 60,693 2004P 19 159,138 21,978 181,116 47,703 102,770 

1 Prices, in nominal dollars, equal shipment value divided by quantity shipped. Value includes charges

for advertising and warranties. Excluded are excise taxes and the cost of freight or transportation for theshipments.

2 Includes all types of photovoltaic cells and modules (single-crystal silicon, cast silicon, ribbon silicon,

thin-film silicon, and concentrator silicon). Excludes cells and modules for space and satellite applications. 3 Data were imputed for one nonrespondent who exited the industry during 1990.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. 

Note: Shipments data are for domestic and export sh

subsequently were shipped to domestic or foreign customers.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1982-1992—Energy Information Administration (E

annual reports. • 1993-2001—EIA, Renewable Energy AnnuSolar Thermal and Photovoltaic Collector Manufacturing Activitie
Figure 10.6 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by End Use and Market Sector, 2004

By End UseBy Market Sector292 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Units designed for installations that are not grid-interactive.2 Represents such applications as cooking food, desalinization, and distilling.3 Includes all independent power producers.4 Shipments for specialty purposes such as research.

Note: Data are for domestic and export shipments, and 

quently were shipped to domestic or foreign customers.

Source: Table 10.6.

129.3

18.4

11.3 6.5 6.4 1.4 1.3 

Grid-Interactive Remote Electric Communications Original Consumer Transportation Water 

0

50

100150

Thousand Peak Kilowatts

Electric Generation Equipment

Manufacturers

Generation1 Goods Pumping

67.8

53.9

30.5

10.0

3.3 1.4

Commercial Residential Industrial3 Electric Utility Government Transportati

0

20406080

Thousand Peak Kilowatts
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.6 Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by End Use and Market Sector, 1989-2004

Year

End Use Market Sector

Communications Consumer Goods

Electric Generation 1

Health

Original

Equipment

Manufacturers 2 Trans- portation Water Pumping Other 3 Resi- dential Com- mercial Gov- ernment Indus- trial 4 Tran

porta

GridInteractive Remote 

Amount Shipped (peak kilowatts)

1989 2,590 2,788 1,251 2,620 5 1,595 1,196 711 69 1,439 3,850 1,077 3,993 1,11990 4,340 2,484 469 3,097 5 1,119 1,069 1,014 240 1,701 6,086 1,002 2,817 91991 3,538 3,312 856 3,594 61 1,315 1,523 729 13 3,624 3,345 815 3,947 1,51992 3,717 2,566 1,227 4,238 67 828 1,602 809 530 4,154 2,386 1,063 4,279 1,61993 3,846 946 1,096 5,761 674 2,023 4,238 2,294 74 5,237 4,115 1,325 5,352 2,51994 5,570 3,239 2,296 9,253 79 1,849 2,128 1,410 254 6,632 5,429 2,114 6,855 2,11995 5,154 1,025 4,585 8,233 776 3,188 4,203 2,727 1,170 6,272 8,100 2,000 7,198 2,31996 6,041 1,063 4,844 10,884 977 2,410 5,196 3,261 789 8,475 5,176 3,126 8,300 3,91997 7,383 347 8,273 8,630 1,303 5,245 6,705 3,783 4,684 10,993 8,111 3,909 11,748 3,51998 8,280 1,198 14,193 8,634 1,061 5,044 6,356 4,306 1,491 15,936 8,460 2,808 13,232 3,41999 12,147 2,292 24,782 10,829 1,466 12,400 8,486 4,063 322 19,817 17,283 3,107 24,972 4,32000 12,269 2,870 21,713 14,997 2,742 12,153 12,804 5,644 3,028 24,814 13,692 4,417 28,808 5,52001 14,743 4,059 27,226 21,447 3,203 6,268 12,636 7,444 641 33,262 15,710 5,728 28,063 8,42002 17,290 3,400 33,983 21,693 4,202 7,869 16,028 7,532 93 29,315 20,578 8,565 32,218 12,92003 14,185 2,995 42,485 15,025 2,924 11,334 14,143 6,073 194 23,389 32,604 5,538 27,951 11,02004P 11,348 6,444 129,265 18,371 341 6,452 1,380 1,322 6,193 53,928 67,751 3,257 30,493 1,3

Percent of Total

1989 20.2 21.7 9.8 20.4 (s) 12.4 9.3 5.5 0.5 11.2 30.0 8.4 31.1 81990 31.4 18.0 3.4 22.4 (s) 8.1 7.7 7.3 1.7 12.3 44.0 7.2 20.4 71991 23.7 22.2 5.7 24.1 0.4 8.8 10.2 4.9 0.1 24.3 22.4 5.5 26.4 101992 23.9 16.5 7.9 27.2 0.4 5.3 10.3 5.2 3.4 26.7 15.3 6.8 27.5 101993 18.4 4.5 5.2 27.5 3.2 9.7 20.2 10.9 0.4 25.0 19.6 6.3 25.5 121994 21.4 12.4 8.8 35.5 0.3 7.1 8.2 5.4 1.0 25.4 20.8 8.1 26.3 81995 16.6 3.3 14.8 26.5 2.5 10.3 13.5 8.8 3.8 20.2 26.1 6.4 23.2 71996 17.0 3.0 13.7 30.7 2.8 6.8 14.7 9.2 2.2 23.9 14.6 8.8 23.4 111997 15.9 0.7 17.8 18.6 2.8 11.3 14.5 8.2 10.1 23.7 17.5 8.4 25.3 71998 16.4 2.4 28.1 17.1 2.1 10.0 12.6 8.5 2.9 31.5 16.7 5.6 26.2 61999 15.8 3.0 32.3 14.1 1.9 16.1 11.1 5.3 0.4 25.8 22.5 4.0 32.5 52000 13.9 3.3 24.6 17.0 3.1 13.8 14.5 6.4 3.4 28.1 15.5 5.0 32.7 62001 15.1 4.2 27.9 22.0 3.3 6.4 12.9 7.6 0.7 34.1 16.1 5.9 28.7 82002 15.4 3.0 30.3 19.4 3.7 7.0 14.3 6.7 0.1 26.2 18.4 7.6 28.7 112003 13.0 2.7 38.8 13.7 2.7 10.4 12.9 5.6 0.2 21.4 29.8 5.1 25.6 102004P 6.3 3.6 71.4 10.1 0.2 3.6 0.8 0.7 3.4 29.8 37.4 1.8 16.8 0

1 Grid-interactive means connection to the electrical distribution system; remote means electricity, for

general use, that does not interact with the electrical distribution system, such as at an isolated residentialsite or mobile home. The other end uses in this table also include electricity generation but only for thespecific use cited. 

2 "Original Equipment Manufacturers" are non-photovoltaic manufacturers that combine photovoltaic

technology into existing or newly developed product lines. 3 Represents such applications as cooking food, desalinization, and distilling. 4 Includes all independent power producers. 5 Shipments for specialty purposes such as research.

P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.05 percent. Notes: • Data are for domestic and export shipments, and m

shipped to domestic or foreign customers. • Totals may not eqrounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1989-1992—Energy Information Administration (E

annual reports. • 1993-2001—EIA, Renewable Energy AnnuSolar Thermal and Photovoltaic Collector Manufacturing Activitie
Figure 10.7 Estimated Number of Alternative-Fueled Vehicles in Use and Alternative Fuel Co

Vehicles in Use, 1995-2004 Vehicles in Use by Fuel Type, 2004Fuel Consumption, 1995-2004 Fuel Consumption by Type, 2004294 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Liquefied petroleum gases.2 Ethanol, 85 percent (E85). Includes E85 vehicles believed to be intended for use as

alternative-fueled vehicles, primarily fleet-operated vehicles; excludes other vehicles with E85-fueling capability. 3 Compressed natural gas.

4 Methanol, 85 percent.5 Liquefied natural gas.

(s)=Less than 0.5 million gasoline-equivalent gallons.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 10.7.

247 265 280 295

322

395

425

471

511

548

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

0

100200300400500600

Thousand Vehicles

194

146 144

56

LPG1 Ethanol 2 CNG 3 Electri

0

50

100150200250

Thousand Vehicles

278

297

315 326 305 325

352

382

417

451

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

0

100200300400500

Million Gasoline-Equivalent Gallons 243 163 23

11 

LPG1 CNG 3 Ethanol 2 Electri

0

100200300

Million Gasoline-Equivalent Gallons
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 10.7 Estimated Number of Alternative-Fueled Vehicles in Use and Replacement Fuel Cons

Year

Replacement Fuels 1

Alternative Fuels 2 Oxygenates 3

Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Compressed

Natural

Gas

Liquefied

Natural

Gas

Methanol,

85 Percent

(M85) 4

Methanol,

Neat

(M100) 5

Ethanol,

85 Percent

(E85) 4,6

Ethanol,

95 Percent

(E95) 4 Electricity 7 Total

Methyl

Tertiary

Butyl Ether 8

Ethanol

in Gasohol 9 

Alternative-Fueled Vehicles 11 in Use (number)

1992 NA 23,191 90 4,850 404 172 38 1,607 NA NA NA 1993 NA 32,714 299 10,263 414 441 27 1,690 NA NA NA 1994 NA 41,227 484 15,484 415 605 33 2,224 NA NA NA 1995 172,806 50,218 603 18,319 386 1,527 136 2,860 246,855 NA NA 1996 175,585 60,144 663 20,265 172 4,536 361 3,280 265,006 NA NA 1997 175,679 68,571 813 21,040 172 9,130 347 4,453 280,205 NA NA 1998 177,183 78,782 1,172 19,648 200 12,788 14 5,243 295,030 NA NA 1999 178,610 91,267 1,681 18,964 198 24,604 14 6,964 322,302 NA NA 2000 181,994 100,750 2,090 10,426 0 87,570 4 11,830 394,664 NA NA 2001 185,053 111,851 2,576 7,827 0 100,303 0 17,847 425,457 NA NA 2002 187,680 120,839 2,708 5,873 0 120,951 0 33,047 471,098 NA NA 2003P 190,438 132,988 3,030 4,917 0 133,776 0 45,656 510,805 NA NA 2004P 194,389 143,742 3,134 4,592 0 146,195 0 55,852 547,904 NA NA 

Fuel Consumption 12 (thousand gasoline-equivalent gallons)

1992 NA 17,159 598 1,121 2,672 22 87 359 NA 1,175,964 719,408 1993 NA 22,035 1,944 1,671 3,321 49 82 288 NA 2,070,897 779,958 1994 NA 24,643 2,398 2,455 3,347 82 144 430 NA 2,020,455 868,113 1995 233,178 35,865 2,821 2,122 2,255 195 1,021 663 278,121 2,693,407 934,615 1996 239,648 47,861 3,320 1,862 364 712 2,770 773 297,310 2,751,955 677,537 1997 238,845 66,495 3,798 1,630 364 1,314 1,166 1,010 314,621 3,106,745 852,514 1998 241,881 73,859 5,463 1,271 471 1,772 61 1,202 325,980 2,905,781 912,858 1999 210,247 81,211 5,959 1,126 469 4,019 64 1,524 304,618 3,405,390 975,255 2000 213,012 88,478 7,423 614 0 12,388 13 3,058 324,986 3,298,803 1,114,313 2001 216,319 106,584 9,122 461 0 15,007 0 4,066 351,558 3,354,949 1,173,323 2002 223,600 123,081 9,593 354 0 18,250 0 7,274 382,152 3,122,859 1,450,721 2003P 230,958 144,558 10,751 287 0 20,620 0 9,633 416,807 2,371,742 1,903,956 2004P 242,865 162,650 11,113 270 0 22,993 0 11,386 451,277 1,816,346 2,333,728 

1 See "Replacement Fuel" in Glossary. 2 See "Alternative Fuel" in Glossary. 3 See "Oxygenates" in Glossary. 4 Remaining portion is motor gasoline. Consumption data include the motor gasoline portion of the fuel. 5 One hundred percent methanol. 6 Includes E85 vehicles believed to be intended for use as alternative-fueled vehicles (AFVs), primarily

fleet-operated vehicles; excludes other vehicles with E85-fueling capability. In 1997, some vehiclemanufacturers began including E85-fueling capability in certain model lines of vehicles. For 2005, EIAestimates that the number of E85 vehicles that are capable of operating on E85, motor gasoline, or both, isabout 5 million. Many of these AFVs are sold and used as traditional gasoline-powered vehicles.

7 Excludes gasoline-electric hybrids. 8 In addition to methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), includes a very small amount of other ethers,

primarily tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) and ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE).

9 Data do not include the motor gasoline portion of the fuel.

10 "Biodiesel" is any liquid biofuel suitable as a diesel fuel substitute or diesel fuel additive or extender. 

See "Biodiesel" in Glossary.

11 See "Alternative-Fueled Vehicle" in Glossary.

12 Fuel consumption quantities are expressed in a common 

allow comparisons of different fuel types. Gasoline-equivdisplacement. Gasoline equivalent is computed by dividing the by the gross heat content of gasoline and multiplying the result bSee "Heat Content" in Glossary.

P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1992-1994—Science Applications Internationa

Fuels and Vehicles Data Development," unpublished final reAdministration (EIA), (McLean, VA, July 1996), and U.S. Departand Renewable Energy. Data were revised by using gross forward—EIA, "Alternatives to Traditional Transportation Fuels Tables 1 and 10. Data were revised by using gross instead of nnet heat contents, see EIA, Alternatives to Traditional TranspTable 22.
Renewable Energy

Table 10.2a SourcesResidential Sector, Wood: • 1949–1979: Energy Information Administration(EIA), Estimates of U.S. Wood Energy Consumption from 1949 to 1981, Table A2.• 1980 forward: EIA, Form EIA-457, “Residential Energy Consumption Survey”;and EIA, Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels (CNEAF), estimatesbased on Form EIA-457 and regional heating degree-day data.Residential Sector, Geothermal: Oregon Institute of Technology, Geoheat Center.Residential Sector, Solar: EIA, CNEAF, estimates based on Form EIA-63A,“Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey,” and Form EIA-63B,“Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”Commercial Sector, Hydroelectric Power: EIA, Annual Energy Review (AER)

2005, Tables 8.2d and A6.Commercial Sector, Wood: • 1949–1979: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Wood Energy

Consumption from 1949 to 1981, Table A2. • 1980–1983: EIA, Estimates of U.S.Wood Energy Consumption 1980-1983, Table ES1. • 1984: EIA, CNEAF, estimate. • 1985–1988: Values interpolated. • 1989 forward: EIA, AER 2005, Table

8.7c; and EIA, CNEAF, estimates based on Form EIA-871, “Commercial BuildingsEnergy Consumption Survey.”Commercial Sector, Waste: EIA, AER 2005, Table 8.7c.

Commercial Sector, Geothermal: Oregon Institute of Technology, GeoheatCenter. Industrial Sector, Hydroelectric Power: • 1949–1988: EIA, AER 2005, Tables

8.1 and A6. • 1989 forward: EIA, AER 2005, Tables 8.2d and A6.

Industrial Sector, Wood: • 1949–1979: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Wood Energy

Consumption from 1949 to 1981, Table A2. • 1980–1983: EIA, Estimates of U.S.Wood Energy Consumption 1980-1983, Table ES1. • 1984: EIA, Estimates of U.S.

Biofuels Consumption 1990, Table 1. • 1985 and 1986: Values interpolated. • 1987: EIA, Estimates of Biofuels Consumption in the United States During 1987, Table 2.

• 1988: Value interpolated. • 1989 forward: EIA, AER 2005, Table 8.7c; and

EIA, CNEAF, estimates based on Form EIA-846, “Manufacturing EnergyConsumption Survey.” Industrial Sector, Waste: • 1981: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Consumption

1990, Table 8, total waste consumption minus electric power sector waste consumption (see AER 2005, Table 10.2b). • 1982 and 1983: EIA, CNEAF, estimates for

total waste consumption minus electric power sector waste consumption (see AER

2005, Table 10.2b). • 1984: EIA, Estimates of 1990, Table 8, total waste consumption minus consumption (see AER 2005, Table 10.2b). • 198lated. • 1987: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Co

waste consumption minus electric power sector wast

Table 10.2b). • 1988: Value interpolated. • 1989 fo8.7c; and EIA, CNEAF, estimates based on informaAdvisory Associates, Resource Recovery Yearbook book, and information provided by the U.S. EnviLandfill Methane Outreach Program.Industrial Sector, Geothermal: Oregon Institute of Table 10.2b SourcesTransportation Sector, Alcohol Fuels: • 1981: E

tion (EIA), Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Consumption 19 EIA, Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate FueEIA, Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Consumption 1991986: Values interpolated. • 1987: EIA, Estimates 1990, Table 10. • 1988: Value interpolated. • Biofuels Consumption 1990, Table 10. • 1990: E

Energy Consumption 1992, Table D1. • 1991: ValuEstimates of U.S. Biomass Energy Consumption 19 EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA), annual reporfinished motor gasoline field production from PSA, Trefinery input from PSA, Table 16. The sum is mult

of 3.539 million Btu per barrel for fuel ethanol from 2005, Table A1. • 2005: EIA, Petroleum Supply MMotor gasoline blending components adjustments adjustments from PSM, Table 1, are added to fuel etinputs from PSM, Table 27. The sum of the twelvconversion factor of 3.539 million Btu per barrel foTable A1. Electric Power Sector, Hydroelectric Power, GeoEIA, Annual Energy Review (AER) 2005, Tables 8.2b Electric Power Sector, Wood and Waste: • 1949–

8.2b and A6. • 1989 forward: EIA, AER 2005, Tabl

296 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
International Energy

Drilling rig, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China. Source: U.S. Department of Energy.

11
Figure 11.1 World Primary Energy Production by Source

Total and Crude Oil and NGPL1, 1970-2004 By Source, 2004By Source, 1970-2004298 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

and NGPL1 Gas elect

Pow

1 Natural gas plant liquids.2 Net electricity generation from hydroelectric power, geothermal, wood, waste, solar, and

wind. Data for the United States also include other renewable energy.

Notes: • Crude oil includes lease condensate. • Because v

should not be compared.

Source: Table 11.1.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

100200300400500

Quadrillion Btu

Total

Crude Oil and NGPL1

166

113

102

28 

Crude Oil Coal Natural Hydr

0

306090

120150180

Quadrillion Btu

Crude Oil and NGPL1

Natural Gas

Coal

Nuclear Electric Power

Renewable Energy2

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 

0

4590

135180

Quadrillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.1 World Primary Energy Production by Source, 1970-2004

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Year Coal

Natural

Gas 1 Crude Oil 2

Natural Gas

Plant Liquids

Nuclear Electric

Power 3

Hydroelectric

Power 3

Geo

an

1970 62.96 37.09 97.09 3.61 0.90 12.15 1971 61.72 39.80 102.70 3.85 1.23 12.74 1972 63.65 42.08 108.52 4.09 1.66 13.31 1973 63.87 44.44 117.88 4.23 2.15 13.52 1974 63.79 45.35 117.82 4.22 2.86 14.84 1975 66.20 45.67 113.08 4.12 3.85 15.03 1976 67.32 47.62 122.92 4.24 4.52 15.08 1977 68.46 48.85 127.75 4.40 5.41 15.56 1978 69.56 50.26 128.51 4.55 6.42 16.80 1979 73.83 53.93 133.87 4.87 6.69 17.69 1980 71.24 54.73 R128.04 5.10 7.58 17.90 1981 71.63 55.56 R120.11 R5.37 8.53 18.26 1982 74.25 55.49 R114.45 R5.35 9.51 18.71 1983 74.25 56.12 113.97 R5.36 10.72 19.69 1984 78.38 61.78 R116.88 R5.73 12.99 R20.19 1985 82.20 64.22 R115.37 R5.83 15.30 R20.42 1986 84.28 65.32 R120.18 R6.15 16.25 R20.89 1987 86.08 68.48 R121.07 R6.35 17.64 R20.90 1988 87.94 71.80 R125.84 R6.65 19.23 R21.48 1989 89.43 74.24 R127.83 R6.69 19.74 R21.53 1990 90.93 75.87 R129.35 R6.87 20.36 R22.35 1991 86.29 76.69 R128.73 R7.12 21.18 R22.83 1992 R86.05 76.90 R128.93 R7.36 21.28 R22.71 1993 R84.28 78.41 R128.72 R7.66 22.01 R23.94 1994 86.27 79.18 R130.56 R8.27 22.41 R24.15 1995 R88.87 80.24 133.32 R8.55 23.26 R25.34 1996 88.92 R83.99 R136.61 8.76 24.11 R25.79 1997 R92.15 R84.29 140.52 R8.94 23.88 R26.07 1998 R90.86 R85.95 R143.14 R9.17 24.32 R26.06 1999 R90.43 87.89 140.79 R9.47 R25.09 R26.56 2000 R91.36 R91.34 R146.55 R9.87 R25.66 R27.01 2001 R96.89 R93.74 R145.32 R10.32 R26.39 R26.39 2002 R97.05 R96.72 R143.11 R10.53 R26.68 R26.44 2003 R104.61 R98.93 R147.97 R11.02 R26.45 R26.83 2004P 113.30 102.19 154.79 11.48 27.47 27.53 

1 Dry production. 2 Includes lease condensate. 3 Net generation, i.e., gross generation less plant use. 4 Includes net electricity generation from wood, waste, solar, and wind. Data for the United States also

include other renewable energy. 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. 

Notes: • See Note 1, "World Primary Energy Production," a

sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1970-1979—Energy Information Administrati

• 1980 forward—EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" (May-
Figure 11.2 World Primary Energy Production by Region and Country

World and Top Producing Countries, 1995-2004 World Areas, 1995-2004Top Producing Countries, 2004300 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.2 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 11.2.

Africa

Asia and Oceania

Middle East

North, Central, and S

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

0

100200300400500

Quadrillion Btu

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 

0

255075

100125150

Quadrillion Btu

Russia

World

China

United States

States

Arabia King

70.4

56.0

51.7

24.2

18.6

12.1 11.1 10.8 10.6 10.3 9.

United China Russia Saudi Canada Iran India Norway Australia Mexico Uni

0

1020304050607080

Quadrillion Btu
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.2 World Primary Energy Production by Region, 1995-2004

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Region and Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 200

North, Central, and South America .......... R117.13 R120.95 R123.14 R124.37 R122.95 124.80 R125.46 R125

 Brazil ........................................................... 4.51 4.87 5.10 5.52 5.93 6.42 6.21 6 Canada ....................................................... 16.83 17.22 R17.48 17.43 R17.68 18.12 R18.02 R18 Mexico ........................................................ 8.03 R8.75 9.06 9.31 9.06 R9.34 9.54 R10 United States .............................................. R71.13 R72.47 R72.46 R72.84 71.71 R71.29 R71.91 R70 Venezuela ................................................... 8.08 8.62 9.48 9.45 8.54 9.37 9.23 R8 Other ........................................................... R8.55 9.02 9.56 R9.82 R10.04 R10.25 R10.55 R10

Europe 1 ....................................................... 49.09 R51.81 R51.72 R50.66 R51.03 R50.82 R51.41 R51

 France ........................................................ 4.98 5.04 4.94 4.79 R4.94 5.04 5.15 5 Germany ..................................................... 5.59 5.49 5.57 5.26 5.31 5.32 5.28 5 Netherlands ................................................ 2.91 3.25 R2.88 R2.77 R2.56 R2.47 2.63 R2 Norway ....................................................... 8.35 R9.26 9.59 R9.33 9.53 R10.27 R10.28 R10 Poland ........................................................ 3.60 3.83 3.84 3.36 3.51 3.06 3.08 3 United Kingdom .......................................... 10.78 11.56 11.33 11.53 11.89 11.09 11.14 R10 Other ........................................................... 12.89 13.37 13.58 13.62 13.30 13.57 13.85 13

Eurasia 2 ...................................................... 52.20 51.91 50.51 50.80 53.18 55.69 57.70 R59

 Kazakhstan ................................................. 2.29 2.38 2.44 2.40 2.58 3.24 3.70 4 Russia ......................................................... 41.44 41.35 40.38 40.76 42.41 43.37 44.52 R45 Ukraine ....................................................... 3.62 3.04 3.01 3.04 3.09 3.08 3.08 R3 Other ........................................................... 4.85 5.14 4.68 4.61 5.10 6.01 6.41 6

Middle East .................................................. R48.33 R49.43 R51.72 R54.88 R53.80 R57.48 R56.16 R54

 Iran ............................................................. 9.35 9.65 9.84 R9.90 10.00 10.40 10.67 10 Iraq ............................................................. 1.35 1.39 2.60 4.71 5.47 5.62 5.22 4 Kuwait ......................................................... 4.81 4.94 4.85 5.02 4.60 5.04 4.81 R4 Saudi Arabia ............................................... 20.66 20.82 21.24 21.42 20.18 21.59 20.95 20 United Arab Emirates ................................. 6.14 6.34 6.50 6.61 6.25 6.77 6.59 6 Other ........................................................... R6.02 R6.30 R6.69 R7.24 R7.29 R8.06 R7.91 R8

Africa ........................................................... 24.15 24.72 R26.15 26.34 R26.66 27.84 R28.10 R28

 Algeria ........................................................ 5.13 5.28 5.63 5.75 6.03 6.29 6.26 6 Libya ........................................................... 3.23 3.28 3.39 3.26 3.07 3.30 3.21 3 Nigeria ........................................................ 4.53 R4.56 4.85 4.90 4.89 5.18 R5.45 R5 South Africa ................................................ 4.84 4.86 5.44 5.52 5.43 5.58 5.62 5 Other ........................................................... 6.43 6.74 6.85 6.90 R7.24 7.50 7.56 R7

Asia and Oceania 1 ..................................... R73.31 74.17 77.50 R77.35 R77.70 R80.50 R85.47 R87

 Australia ...................................................... 7.42 7.57 8.31 8.66 8.87 R9.68 R10.27 R10 China .......................................................... 35.46 R36.06 R37.65 R36.37 R35.42 R36.68 39.97 R41 India ............................................................ 9.48 8.75 9.17 9.37 9.58 9.83 R10.29 R10 Indonesia .................................................... 6.97 7.42 R7.41 7.56 8.02 7.87 8.09 8 Japan .......................................................... R4.12 R4.23 R4.48 R4.58 R4.36 R4.41 R4.38 R4 Malaysia ..................................................... 2.59 2.84 3.01 3.14 3.16 R3.21 R3.31 3 Other ........................................................... R7.26 7.30 7.48 R7.66 R8.29 R8.83 R9.17 9

World .......................................................... R364.23 R372.98 R380.75 R384.39 R385.32 R397.13 R404.30 R406

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • See Note 1, "World Primary Energy Production," at end of section. • World primary energy

production includes production of crude oil (including lease condensate), natural gas plant liquids, drynatural gas, and coal; and net electricity generation from nuclear electric power, hydroelectric power, wood,

waste, geothermal, solar, and wind. Data for the United Sta

• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 1.2. Other Countries: Energ

Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table F1.
Figure 11.3 World Primary Energy Consumption

World and Top Consuming Countries, 1995-2004 U.S. Share of World, 2004Regional Consumption Shares, 2004 Production and Consumption by Region, 2004302 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary. 2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary. Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be 

Sources: Tables 11.2, 11.3, and D1.

Production

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

0

100200300400500

Quadrillion Btu

4.6

15.9

Population Energy 

05

1015202530

Percent

Russia

World

China

United States

Oceania1

North, Central,

32%

Europe1

19%

10%

Middle East

5% Africa 3%

Asia and 

31%

143

86

45

126

51

67 62

North, Central, Europe1 Eurasia2 Midd

0

4080

120160

Quadrillion Btu

Production Cons

and South

America

Eurasia2 Eas

and South

America
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.3 World Primary Energy Consumption by Region, 1995-2004

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Region and Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 200

North, Central, and South America .......... R126.46 R130.84 R132.59 R133.64 R136.09 R139.26 R136.83 R138

 Argentina .................................................... 2.31 2.39 2.46 2.57 2.60 2.66 2.61 2 Brazil ........................................................... 7.05 7.48 7.88 8.14 8.29 8.58 8.50 8 Canada ....................................................... R12.22 12.55 12.64 R12.33 R12.92 R13.05 R12.82 R13 Mexico ........................................................ 5.43 R5.53 5.68 5.96 6.04 6.32 R6.26 R6 United States .............................................. R91.20 R94.23 R94.80 R95.20 96.84 R98.98 R96.50 R97 Venezuela ................................................... 2.47 2.57 2.66 2.85 2.73 2.77 3.03 R2 Other ........................................................... 5.79 6.09 R6.46 6.59 6.68 R6.90 7.11 R7

Europe 1 ....................................................... 76.58 R79.31 R79.55 R80.18 R80.17 R81.28 R82.46 R82

 Belgium ....................................................... 2.33 2.53 2.60 2.65 2.60 2.69 2.67 R2 France ........................................................ 10.09 R10.43 10.38 10.60 10.73 10.87 11.09 R11 Germany ..................................................... 14.31 14.40 14.31 14.33 14.11 14.26 14.62 R14 Italy ............................................................. 7.08 7.11 7.22 7.42 7.56 7.63 7.68 7 Netherlands ................................................ 3.58 3.73 R3.70 R3.69 R3.68 R3.79 3.93 3 Poland ........................................................ 3.72 4.15 4.09 3.86 3.99 3.63 R3.46 R3 Spain .......................................................... 4.31 4.42 4.69 4.93 5.16 5.53 5.79 R5 Sweden ....................................................... 2.24 2.21 2.25 2.32 2.28 R2.20 R2.35 R2 Turkey ......................................................... 2.49 2.75 2.93 R3.00 2.91 3.16 2.89 R3 United Kingdom .......................................... 9.45 10.05 R9.74 R9.74 9.76 9.68 9.82 R9 Other ........................................................... 17.00 17.54 17.64 17.64 17.38 17.82 18.17 18

Eurasia 2 ...................................................... 42.43 R41.19 R38.97 R38.75 R39.82 R40.60 R41.04 R41

 Russia ......................................................... 27.94 27.36 25.77 25.96 27.01 27.46 27.70 R27 Ukraine ....................................................... 7.23 R6.34 R6.07 R5.86 R5.76 R5.75 R5.65 R5 Uzbekistan .................................................. 1.87 1.89 1.87 1.84 1.87 1.94 2.03 R2 Other ........................................................... 5.40 5.60 5.26 5.10 5.18 5.45 5.66 5

Middle East .................................................. R13.87 R14.62 R15.67 R16.36 R16.76 R17.32 R18.06 19

 Iran ............................................................. 3.82 3.95 4.43 R4.58 R4.83 R5.01 5.38 5 Saudi Arabia ............................................... 3.82 4.10 4.36 4.54 4.59 4.84 5.13 5 Other ........................................................... R6.23 R6.57 R6.88 R7.25 R7.34 R7.47 R7.55 R7

Africa ........................................................... 10.64 R10.92 R11.39 R11.27 R11.53 R11.98 R12.59 R12

 Egypt .......................................................... 1.58 R1.72 1.79 1.85 1.89 R2.01 2.25 R2 South Africa ................................................ 4.11 4.16 4.55 4.35 R4.42 R4.55 R4.64 R4 Other ........................................................... R4.94 R5.03 5.05 R5.08 5.22 5.42 R5.70 R5

Asia and Oceania 1 ..................................... R95.60 R98.18 R102.65 R101.69 R104.72 R109.13 R112.55 R115

 Australia ...................................................... 4.05 4.22 4.56 4.60 4.82 R4.83 R4.99 R5 China .......................................................... 35.15 R35.92 R37.56 R37.00 R36.91 R38.80 R40.83 R42 India ............................................................ 11.49 11.14 11.76 R12.22 R12.80 R13.55 R13.97 R13 Indonesia .................................................... 3.26 3.52 3.65 3.56 3.92 4.10 R4.46 R4 Japan .......................................................... R20.71 R21.26 R21.94 21.52 R22.02 R22.45 R22.18 R21 Malaysia ..................................................... 1.47 1.64 1.67 1.69 1.74 1.87 2.11 R2 South Korea ................................................ 6.52 R6.87 R7.47 R6.90 R7.55 R7.92 8.02 R8 Taiwan ........................................................ 2.86 3.06 3.20 3.39 3.54 3.77 3.85 4 Thailand ...................................................... 2.24 2.44 2.59 2.43 2.50 2.58 2.70 R2 Other ........................................................... 7.84 R8.11 R8.25 R8.38 R8.93 R9.27 R9.44 R9

World .......................................................... R365.58 R375.06 R380.82 R381.90 R389.09 R399.57 R403.53 R409

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • World primary energy consumption includes consumption of petroleum products (including

natural gas plant liquids, and crude oil burned as fuel), dry natural gas, and coal (including net imports ofcoal coke); and the consumption of net electricity generated from nuclear electric power, hydroelectric

power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar, and wind. It also includ

of renewable energy by the end-use sectors. • Totals maindependent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 1.3. Other Countri

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 1.8.
Figure 11.4 World Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves, January 1, 2005

Crude Oil Reserves: Oil and Gas Journal Crude Oil Reserves: World Oil

Natural Gas Reserves: Oil and Gas Journal Natural Gas Reserves: World Oil

304 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Includes 174.5 billion barrels of bitumen in oil sands in Alberta, Canada.

2 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

3 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.SSource: Table 11.4.

117

18

90

708

North, Europe2 Eurasia3 Middle 

0

200400600800

Billion Barrels 315

18

78

729

101

36

North, Europe2 Eurasia3 Middle East Africa Asia and

0

200400600800

Billion Barrels

Oceania2 Central, and

South America

Central, and

South America

515

194

1,953

2,522

477 384

North, Europe2 Eurasia3 Middle East Africa Asia and

0

500

1,0001,5002,0002,5003,000

Trillion Cubic Feet

1

515

191

2,823

2,54

North, Europe2 Eurasia3 Middle 

0

500

1,0001,5002,0002,5003,000

Trillion Cubic Feet

Central, and

South America

Central, and

South America

Oceania2 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.4 World Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves, January 1, 2005

Region and Country

Crude Oil Natural Gas

Region and Country

Crude Oil 

Oil & Gas Journal World Oil Oil & Gas Journal World Oil Oil & Gas Journal World 

Billion Barrels Trillion Cubic Feet Billion Barrels 

North America ................................. 214.8 40.9 264.0 273.7 Middle East ..................................... 729.3 70

 Canada ........................................... 1178.8 4.7 56.6 60.7 Bahrain .......................................... 0.1  Mexico ............................................ 14.6 14.8 14.9 20.4 Iran ................................................ 125.8 13 United States .................................. 21.4 21.4 192.5 192.5 Iraq ................................................ 115.0 11 Kuwait 5.......................................... 101.5 9

Central and South America ........... 100.6 76.0 250.5 241.4 Oman ............................................ 5.5 

 Argentina ........................................ 2.7 2.3 21.6 18.9 Qatar ............................................. 15.2 2 Bolivia ............................................. 0.4 0.5 24.0 27.2 Saudi Arabia 5................................ 261.9 26 Brazil ............................................... 10.6 11.2 8.8 11.5 Syria ............................................ 2.5  Chile ............................................... 0.2 (s) 3.5 0.9 United Arab Emirates ................... 97.8 6 Colombia ........................................ 1.5 1.5 4.0 4.0 Yemen .......................................... 4.0  Cuba ............................................... 0.8 0.6 2.5 0.6 Other 2........................................... (s)  Ecuador .......................................... 4.6 5.5 0.3 0.4  Peru ................................................ 1.0 1.0 8.7 8.7 Africa .............................................. 100.8 11 Trinidad and Tobago ...................... 1.0 0.8 25.9 18.8 Algeria ........................................... 11.8 1 Venezuela ....................................... 77.2 52.4 151.0 150.5 Angola ........................................... 5.4  Other 2 ............................................ 0.6 0.2 0.1 (s) Cameroon ...................................... 0.4  Congo (Brazzaville) ....................... 1.5 

Europe 3 ........................................... 17.6 18.1 194.0 191.3 Egypt ............................................. 3.7 

 Austria ............................................ 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.8 Equatorial Guinea .......................... (s)  Croatia ............................................ 0.1 0.1 0.9 1.0 Gabon ............................................ 2.5  Denmark ......................................... 1.3 1.3 3.5 2.6 Libya .............................................. 39.0 3 Germany ......................................... 0.4 0.2 9.9 7.1 Mozambique .................................. 0.0  Hungary .......................................... 0.1 0.2 1.2 2.4 Nigeria ........................................... 35.3 3 Italy ................................................. 0.6 0.7 8.0 6.3 Sudan ............................................ 0.6  Netherlands .................................... 0.1 0.2 62.0 55.5 Tunisia ........................................... 0.3  Norway ........................................... 8.5 9.9 73.6 84.3 Other 2............................................ 0.3  Poland ............................................ 0.1 0.3 5.8 5.3  Romania ......................................... 1.0 0.5 3.6 4.8 Asia and Oceania 3......................... 36.2 3 Serbia and Montenegro .................. 0.1 NR 1.7 NR Australia ......................................... 1.5  United Kingdom .............................. 4.5 3.9 20.8 18.8 Bangladesh .................................... 0.1  Other 2 ............................................ 0.8 0.8 2.6 2.4 Brunei ............................................ 1.4  Burma ............................................ 0.1 

Eurasia 4 .......................................... 77.8 89.9 1,952.6 2,823.3 China ............................................. 18.3 1

 Azerbaijan ....................................... 7.0 NR 30.0 NR India ............................................... 5.4  Kazakhstan ..................................... 9.0 NR 65.0 NR Indonesia ....................................... 4.7  Russia ............................................ 60.0 67.1 1,680.0 2,361.1 Japan ............................................. 0.1  Turkmenistan .................................. 0.5 NR 71.0 NR Malaysia ........................................ 3.0  Ukraine ........................................... 0.4 NR 39.6 NR New Zealand ................................. 0.1  Uzbekistan ...................................... 0.6 NR 66.2 NR Pakistan ........................................ 0.3  Other 2 ............................................ 0.3 22.8 0.8 462.2 Papua New Guinea ....................... 0.2  Thailand ......................................... 0.6  Vietnam ......................................... 0.6  Other 2........................................... 0.2 

World ............................................ 1,277.2 1,08

1 Comprises 4.3 billion barrels of conventional crude oil and condensate and 174.5 billion barrels of

bitumen in Alberta’s oil sands.

2 Includes data for those countries not separately reported. 3 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 4 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 5 Data for Kuwait and Saudi Arabia include one-half of the reserves in the Neutral Zone between Kuwait

and Saudi Arabia.

NR=Not separately reported. (s)=Less than 0.05 billion barrels. 

Notes: • All reserve figures except those for Eurasia and n

reserves recoverable with present technology and prices at the natural gas figures include proved and some probable resecomponents due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, "International En

8.1.
Figure 11.5 World Crude Oil Production

World and OPEC, 1960-2005 OPEC’s Share of World, 1960-2005 Top Producing CountrTop Producing Countries, 2005306 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Notes: • OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. • Because vertical

scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 11.5.

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

20406080

Million Barrels per Day

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

0

255075

Percent

United

States

1960 1970 

0

2

468

10

12

14

Million Barrels per Day42% in 2005 

World

Peak: 55%

in 1973

OPEC

9.6

9.1

5.1

4.1

3.6 3.3

2.7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 

Saudi Russia United Iran China Mexico Norway Nigeria Venezuela United Kuwait Ca

0

2

468

10

12

Million Barrels per Day

Arab 

Emirates

Arabia States
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.5 World Crude Oil Production, 1960-2005

 (Million Barrels per Day)

Year

Persian

Gulf

Nations 1

Selected OPEC Producers Selected Non-OPEC Producers

Iran Iraq Kuwait 2 Nigeria 

Saudi

Arabia 2

United

Arab

Emirates Venezuela

Total

OPEC Canada China Mexico Norway

Former

U.S.S.R. Russia

U

Kin

1960 5.27 1.07 0.97 1.69 0.02 1.31 0.00 2.85 8.70 0.52 0.10 0.27 0.00 2.91 — 1961 5.65 1.20 1.01 1.74 0.05 1.48 0.00 2.92 9.36 0.61 0.11 0.29 0.00 3.28 — 1962 6.19 1.33 1.01 1.96 0.07 1.64 0.01 3.20 10.51 0.67 0.12 0.31 0.00 3.67 — 1963 6.82 1.49 1.16 2.10 0.08 1.79 0.05 3.25 11.51 0.71 0.13 0.31 0.00 4.07 — 1964 7.61 1.71 1.26 2.30 0.12 1.90 0.19 3.39 12.98 0.75 0.18 0.32 0.00 4.60 — 1965 8.37 1.91 1.32 2.36 0.27 2.21 0.28 3.47 14.35 0.81 0.23 0.32 0.00 4.79 — 1966 9.32 2.13 1.39 2.48 0.42 2.60 0.36 3.37 15.77 0.88 0.29 0.33 0.00 5.23 — 1967 9.91 2.60 1.23 2.50 0.32 2.81 0.38 3.54 16.85 0.96 0.28 0.36 0.00 5.68 — 1968 10.91 2.84 1.50 2.61 0.14 3.04 0.50 3.60 18.79 1.19 0.30 0.39 0.00 6.08 — 1969 11.95 3.38 1.52 2.77 0.54 3.22 0.63 3.59 20.91 1.13 0.48 0.46 0.00 6.48 — 1970 13.39 3.83 1.55 2.99 1.08 3.80 0.78 3.71 23.30 1.26 0.60 0.49 0.00 6.99 — 1971 15.77 4.54 1.69 3.20 1.53 4.77 1.06 3.55 25.21 1.35 0.78 0.49 0.01 7.48 — 1972 17.54 5.02 1.47 3.28 1.82 6.02 1.20 3.22 26.89 1.53 0.90 0.51 0.03 7.89 — 1973 20.67 5.86 2.02 3.02 2.05 7.60 1.53 3.37 30.63 1.80 1.09 0.47 0.03 8.32 — 1974 21.28 6.02 1.97 2.55 2.26 8.48 1.68 2.98 30.35 1.55 1.32 0.57 0.04 8.91 — 1975 18.93 5.35 2.26 2.08 1.78 7.08 1.66 2.35 26.77 1.43 1.49 0.71 0.19 9.52 — 1976 21.51 5.88 2.42 2.15 2.07 8.58 1.94 2.29 30.33 1.31 1.67 0.83 0.28 10.06 — 1977 21.73 5.66 2.35 1.97 2.09 9.25 2.00 2.24 30.89 1.32 1.87 0.98 0.28 10.60 — 1978 20.61 5.24 2.56 2.13 1.90 8.30 1.83 2.17 29.46 1.32 2.08 1.21 0.36 11.11 — 1979 21.07 3.17 3.48 2.50 2.30 9.53 1.83 2.36 30.58 1.50 2.12 1.46 0.40 11.38 — 1980 17.96 1.66 2.51 1.66 2.06 9.90 1.71 2.17 26.61 1.44 2.11 1.94 0.53 11.71 — 1981 15.25 1.38 1.00 1.13 1.43 9.82 1.47 2.10 22.48 1.29 2.01 2.31 0.50 11.85 — 1982 12.16 2.21 1.01 0.82 1.30 6.48 1.25 1.90 18.78 1.27 2.05 2.75 0.52 11.91 — 1983 11.08 2.44 1.01 1.06 1.24 5.09 1.15 1.80 17.50 1.36 2.12 2.69 0.61 11.97 — 1984 10.78 2.17 1.21 1.16 1.39 4.66 1.15 1.80 17.44 1.44 2.30 2.78 0.70 11.86 — 1985 9.63 2.25 1.43 1.02 1.50 3.39 1.19 1.68 16.18 1.47 2.51 2.75 0.79 11.59 — 1986 11.70 2.04 1.69 1.42 1.47 4.87 1.33 1.79 18.28 1.47 2.62 2.44 0.87 11.90 — 1987 12.10 2.30 2.08 1.59 1.34 4.27 1.54 1.75 18.52 1.54 2.69 2.55 1.02 12.05 — 1988 13.46 2.24 2.69 1.49 1.45 5.09 1.57 1.90 20.32 1.62 2.73 2.51 1.16 12.05 — 1989 14.84 2.81 2.90 1.78 1.72 5.06 1.86 1.91 22.07 1.56 2.76 2.52 1.55 11.72 — 1990 15.28 3.09 2.04 1.18 1.81 6.41 2.12 2.14 23.20 1.55 2.77 2.55 1.70 10.98 — 1991 14.74 3.31 0.31 0.19 1.89 8.12 2.39 2.38 23.27 1.55 2.84 2.68 1.89 9.99 — 1992 15.97 3.43 0.43 1.06 1.94 8.33 2.27 2.37 24.40 1.61 2.85 2.67 2.23 — 7.63 1993 16.71 3.54 0.51 1.85 1.96 8.20 2.16 2.45 25.12 1.68 2.89 2.67 2.35 — 6.73 1994 16.96 3.62 0.55 2.03 1.93 8.12 2.19 2.59 25.51 1.75 2.94 2.69 2.52 — 6.14 1995 17.21 3.64 0.56 2.06 1.99 8.23 2.23 2.75 26.00 1.81 2.99 2.62 2.77 — 6.00 1996 17.37 3.69 0.58 2.06 2.00 8.22 2.28 2.94 26.46 1.84 3.13 2.86 R3.09 — 5.85 1997 18.10 3.66 1.16 2.01 2.13 8.36 2.32 3.28 27.71 1.92 3.20 3.02 3.14 — 5.92 1998 19.34 3.63 2.15 2.09 2.15 8.39 2.35 3.17 28.77 1.98 3.20 3.07 R3.01 — 5.85 1999 18.67 3.56 2.51 1.90 2.13 7.83 2.17 2.83 27.58 1.91 3.20 2.91 3.02 — 6.08 2000 19.89 3.70 2.57 2.08 2.17 8.40 2.37 3.16 29.27 1.98 3.25 3.01 R3.22 — 6.48 2001 19.10 3.72 2.39 2.00 2.26 8.03 2.21 3.01 28.34 2.03 3.30 3.13 R3.23 — 6.92 2002 17.79 3.44 2.02 1.89 2.12 7.63 2.08 2.60 26.35 2.17 3.39 3.18 R3.13 — 7.41 2003 R19.06 3.74 1.31 2.18 R2.28 R8.78 2.35 2.34 R27.82 2.31 3.41 3.37 R3.04 — 8.13 2004 R20.79 4.00 2.01 2.38 R2.33 9.10 2.48 2.56 R29.92 2.40 3.49 3.38 R2.95 — 8.80 2005P 21.50 4.14 1.88 2.53 2.63 9.55 2.54 2.57 31.16 2.37 3.61 3.33 2.70 — 9.07 

1 Persian Gulf Nations are Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. 2 Includes about one-half of the production in the Neutral Zone between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. 3 Ecuador, which withdrew from OPEC on December 31, 1992, and Gabon, which withdrew on

December 31,1994, are included in "Non-OPEC" for all years.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less than 0.005 million barrels per day. Notes: • OPEC = Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. See Glossary for membership.

• Includes lease condensate, excludes natural gas plant liquids. • Totals may not equal sum of

components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/international.Sources: China: • 1960-1972—Central Intelligence Agency, unpublished data. • 1973-1979—

Energy Information Administration (EIA), International Energy Annual, annual reports, and the InternationalEnergy Database. • 1980-2004—EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 2.2.

• 2005—EIA, Monthly Energy Review (May 2006), Table 11.1b. United States: • 1960-1975—Bureau of

Mines, Mineral Industry Surveys, Petroleum Statement, Annual. • 1976-1979—EIA, Energy Data Reports,Petroleum Statement, Annual. • 1980-2004—EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006),

Table 2.2. • 2005—EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly 

• 1960-1969—U.S.S.R. Central Statistical Office, Narodnoye USSR). • 1970-1979—EIA, International Petroleum • 1980-1991—EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" • 1992-2004—EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" (May-JuEnergy Review (May 2006), Table 11.1b. OPEC Nations: Exporting Countries, Annual Statistical Bulletin 1979. • 1973annual reports, and the International Energy Database. • 1982004" (May-July 2006), Table 2.2. • 2005—EIA, Monthly EneOther Countries: • 1960-1969—Bureau of Mines, • 1970-1972—EIA, International Petroleum Annual, 1978. Annual, annual reports, and the International Energy Database. Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 2.2. • 2005—EIA, Monthland 11.1b.
Figure 11.6 World Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production

Crude Oil and NGPL1 Production, 1973-2004 World and OPEC NGPL1 Production, 1973-2004

Top NGPL1 Producing Countries, 2004

308 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Natural gas plant liquids.

Notes: • Crude oil includes lease condensate. • OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum

Exporting Countries. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Sources: Tables 11.5 and 11.6.

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

20406080

Million Barrels per Day

NGPL1

Crude Oil

1975 1980 1985 1990 

0

2

468

Million Barrels per Day 11% of Crude Oil in 2004 World 

OPEC

1,809

1,310

658

456 442

292 279 250 234 180 

United Saudi Canada Russia Mexico Algeria United Arab Qatar Norway Venezue

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Thousand Barrels per Day

States Arabia Emirates 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.6 World Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production, 1973-2004

 (Thousand Barrels per Day)

Year

Selected OPEC Producers Selected Non-OPEC Producers

Algeria Indonesia Kuwait 1 Qatar 

Saudi

Arabia 1

United

Arab

Emirates Venezuela

Total

OPEC Australia Canada Malaysia Mexico Norway

Former

U.S.S.R. Russia

U

Ki

1973 9 (s) 60 (s) 90 (s) 89 324 50 314 0 75 (s) 170 — 1974 12 (s) 50 5 130 (s) 84 347 50 314 0 80 (s) 190 — 1975 20 (s) 50 10 140 (s) 76 372 50 309 0 80 5 205 — 1976 24 10 50 10 185 (s) 77 442 50 289 0 95 20 220 — 1977 19 10 55 5 215 15 78 482 55 290 0 105 20 235 — 1978 25 30 75 5 250 30 61 566 60 281 0 115 35 255 — 1979 30 40 95 10 303 30 69 637 60 331 0 150 40 270 — 1980 36 70 95 10 369 35 60 732 60 331 0 193 R42 285 — 1981 49 95 60 24 433 60 55 825 60 330 0 241 R37 300 — 1982 58 80 40 30 430 90 60 842 52 318 0 255 R39 315 — 1983 56 94 55 25 330 120 57 780 52 309 0 265 R46 330 — 1984 105 75 67 28 355 130 57 869 54 336 10 257 R45 340 — 1985 120 44 54 30 375 160 63 892 65 337 10 271 R51 350 — 1986 120 30 75 22 385 185 97 969 60 328 9 352 R66 440 — 1987 140 30 95 24 418 145 94 1,006 65 367 11 338 R71 430 — 1988 120 30 100 30 499 130 98 1,077 67 381 11 370 R83 450 — 1989 130 72 105 24 503 130 108 1,188 65 410 11 384 R84 425 — 1990 130 77 65 40 620 135 114 1,281 63 426 12 428 R86 425 — 1991 140 76 0 50 680 146 117 1,299 61 431 12 457 R84 420 — 1992 140 75 34 55 713 144 113 1,364 56 460 13 454 R85 — 230 1993 145 78 53 55 704 146 143 1,435 55 506 17 459 R95 — 220 1994 140 80 85 50 951 150 146 1,718 56 529 17 461 R123 — 200 1995 145 76 95 55 961 160 149 1,766 52 581 20 447 137 — 180 1996 150 80 85 50 968 160 150 1,772 62 596 20 423 R141 — 185 1997 160 85 109 70 982 160 143 1,859 71 636 50 388 139 — 195 1998 155 87 115 85 1,020 170 145 1,927 70 651 90 424 R127 — 220 1999 190 87 115 111 1,010 160 170 1,993 72 653 85 439 R120 — 231 2000 230 90 115 133 1,008 200 175 2,101 70 699 65 438 R124 — 232 2001 250 82 120 150 1,051 290 200 2,304 74 709 70 433 R188 — 237 2002 270 80 125 160 1,095 300 202 2,403 80 698 75 408 R203 — 246 2003 280 78 R124 201 1,220 310 163 R2,548 79 724 80 418 R222 — 390 2004P 292 73 130 250 1,310 279 180 2,702 83 658 80 442 234 — 456 

1 Includes about one-half of the production in the Neutral Zone between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. 2 Ecuador, which withdrew from OPEC on December 31, 1992, and Gabon, which withdrew on

December 31, 1994, are included in "Non-OPEC" for all years.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day. Notes: • OPEC = Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. See Glossary for membership.

• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1973-1979—Energy Information Administration 

reports, and the International Energy Database. • 1980 forward(May-July 2006), Table 2.3.
Figure 11.7 Crude Oil Prices by Selected Type

Selected Types, 1970-2006Selected Types, 2006310 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Nigerian Bonny

Light 

Saudi Arabian

 Light

Notes: • Prices are as of the Friday that is closest to January 1, except in 1987, when prices

are as of the first Friday in February. See “API” and “API Gravity” in Glossary.

Source: Table 11.7.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 

0

102030405060

Nominal Dollars per Barrel Nominal Dollars per Barrel57.25 56.97 55.89 53.95 52.56 52.52 50.

United Kingdom Nigerian Bonny Libyan Es Sider Indonesian Minas Iranian Light Venezuelan Saudia Ara

0

10203040506070

 Brent Blend

 38° API

Light 37° API 34 34° API ° API 34° 

37° API

Tia Juana Light 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.7 Crude Oil Prices by Selected Type, 1970-2006

 (Nominal Dollars per Barrel)

Year

Saudi Arabian

Light-34° API

Iranian

Light-34° API

Libyan 1

Es Sider-37° API

Nigerian 2

Bonny Light-37° API

Indonesian

Minas-34° API

Venezuelan

Tia Juana Light 3

M

May

1970 1.35 1.36 2.09 2.10 1.67 2.05 1971 1.75 1.76 2.80 2.65 2.18 2.45 1972 1.90 1.91 2.80 2.80 2.96 2.45 1973 2.10 2.11 3.10 3.10 2.96 2.60 1974 9.60 10.63 14.30 12.60 10.80 9.30 1975 10.46 10.67 11.98 11.80 12.60 11.00 1976 11.51 11.62 12.21 12.84 12.80 11.12 1977 12.09 12.81 13.74 14.33 13.55 12.72 1978 12.70 12.81 13.80 14.33 13.55 12.82 1979 13.34 13.45 14.52 14.80 13.90 13.36 1980 26.00 430.37 34.50 29.97 27.50 25.20 21981 32.00 37.00 40.78 40.00 35.00 32.88 1982 34.00 34.20 36.50 36.50 35.00 32.88 21983 34.00 31.20 35.10 35.50 34.53 32.88 21984 29.00 28.00 30.15 30.00 29.53 27.88 21985 29.00 28.00 30.15 28.00 29.53 27.88 21986 28.00 28.05 30.15 28.65 28.53 28.05 21987 16.15 16.14 16.95 17.13 16.28 15.10 1988 17.52 15.55 18.52 18.92 17.56 17.62 1989 13.15 12.75 15.40 15.05 15.50 12.27 1990 18.40 18.20 20.40 21.20 18.55 24.69 1991 24.00 23.65 26.90 27.80 26.50 28.62 21992 15.90 15.50 17.20 18.20 18.65 19.67 1993 16.80 16.70 17.55 18.50 19.10 17.97 1994 12.40 12.40 12.55 13.50 14.15 12.97 1995 16.63 16.18 16.05 16.15 16.95 16.57 1996 18.20 17.73 19.20 19.70 20.05 18.52 1997 22.98 22.63 24.10 24.65 24.95 26.62 1998 15.50 14.93 16.72 16.50 16.50 15.93 1999 10.03 9.83 10.65 10.60 9.95 9.45 2000 24.78 24.63 25.85 25.55 24.15 24.85 22001 20.30 20.20 22.40 22.00 22.80 22.13 2002 17.68 18.90 19.63 19.88 18.89 17.78 2003 27.39 27.85 30.40 31.16 35.03 30.25 22004 27.08 28.67 29.47 29.97 32.10 30.10 22005 31.86 33.84 38.00 38.21 35.86 35.98 22006 50.86 52.56 55.89 56.97 53.95 52.52 4

1 For 1974 and 1975, prices are for crude oil with 40° API. For 1980, prices include $4.72 in retroactive

charges and market premiums.

2 Beginning in 1977, prices include 2 cents per barrel harbor dues. 3 For 1970-1985, prices are for crude oil with 26° API. Beginning in 1986, prices are for crude oil with

31° API.

4 For 1980, price includes $1.87 market premiums and credit charges.

NA=Not available. Notes: • Prices are as of the Friday that is closest to January 1, except in 1987, when prices are as of

the first Friday in February. • Prices are based on official gov

spot market quotations. • Prices are usually free on board (fTables 5.18, 5.19, and 5.21 for other types of crude oil prices fopurchase prices, landed costs of crude oil imports, and refiner Gravity" in Glossary.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1970-1978—Petroleum and Energy Intellige

Weekly. • 1979 forward—Energy Information Administration, W
Figure 11.8 Retail Motor Gasoline Prices in Selected Countries, 2005

Regular UnleadedPremium Unleaded1312 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Research Octane Number (RON) of 95. Source: Table 11.8.

5.60

5.28

4.28

3.23

2.87 2.79

2.3

Germany South Korea Japan Australia Canada Taiwan United 

0

1

2

3456

Nominal Dollars per Gallon

5.97 5.74

5.46

4.49

2.49

United Kingdom Italy France Spain United States 

0

1

2

34567

Nominal Dollars per Gallon
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.8 Retail Motor Gasoline Prices in Selected Countries, 1990-2005

 (Nominal Dollars per Gallon)

Year

Regular Unleaded Premium Unl

Australia Canada China Germany Japan Mexico

South

Korea Taiwan

United

States France Italy

SouthAfrica Spain 

1990 NA 1.87 NA 2.65 3.16 1.00 2.05 2.49 1.16 3.63 4.59 NA NA 1991 1.96 1.92 NA 2.90 3.46 1.30 2.49 2.39 1.14 3.45 4.50 NA NA 1992 1.89 1.73 NA 3.27 3.59 1.50 2.65 2.42 1.13 3.57 4.53 NA 3.50 1993 1.73 1.57 NA 3.07 4.02 1.56 2.88 2.27 1.11 3.41 3.68 NA 3.01 1994 1.84 1.45 0.96 3.52 4.39 1.48 2.87 2.14 1.11 3.59 3.70 NA 2.99 1995 1.95 1.53 1.03 3.96 4.43 R1.11 2.94 2.23 1.15 4.26 4.00 NA 3.24 1996 2.12 1.61 1.03 3.94 3.65 R1.25 3.18 2.15 1.23 4.41 4.39 NA 3.32 1997 2.05 1.62 1.07 3.53 3.27 1.47 3.34 2.23 1.23 4.00 4.07 1.72 3.01 1998 1.63 1.38 0.95 3.34 2.83 R1.49 3.04 1.86 1.06 3.87 3.84 1.51 2.80 1999 1.72 1.52 0.95 3.42 3.27 R1.79 3.80 1.86 1.17 3.85 3.87 1.55 2.82 2000 1.94 1.86 1.06 3.45 3.65 R2.01 4.18 2.15 1.51 3.80 3.77 1.78 2.86 2001 1.71 1.72 NA 3.40 3.27 R2.20 3.76 2.02 1.46 3.51 3.57 1.59 2.74 2002 1.76 1.70 NA 3.67 3.15 R2.24 3.84 1.93 1.36 3.62 3.74 1.41 2.90 2003 2.20 1.99 NA 4.59 3.47 R2.04 4.12 2.16 1.59 4.35 4.53 1.91 3.50 2004 2.72 2.37 NA 5.24 3.93 R2.03 4.51 2.46 1.88 4.99 5.30 2.58 4.09 2005 3.23 2.87 NA 5.60 4.28 2.22 5.28 2.79 2.30 5.46 5.74 NA 4.49 

1 Research Octane Number (RON) of 95.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. Notes: • Prices are those actually paid, i.e., net of rebates, and include transport costs and taxes which

are not refundable. Prices in national currencies are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange ratespublished by the International Monetary Fund. • Prices for all countries, except the United States, havebeen converted from dollars per liter to dollars per gallon at 3.786 liters per gallon. Comparisons betweenprices and price trends in different countries require care. They are of limited validity because of

fluctuations in exchange rates, differences in product quality, m

the extent to which the standard categories of sales are represperiod.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • United States: Table 5.24. • Other Countries: 

for Economic Cooperation and Development, Energy Prices & 2006, Part II, Section D, and Part III, Section B.
Figure 11.9 World Crude Oil Refining Capacity

World, OECD, and Non-OECD, 1970-2005 Top Refining Countries, 1970-2005Top Refining Countries, 2005314 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. See Glossary for membership.

Notes: • Capacity as of January 1. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not becompared.

Source: Table 11.9.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

0

20406080

100

Million Barrels per Day

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 

05

101520

Non-OECD

Million Barrels per Day

World

OECD1

17.1

5.4

4.7 4.7

2.6 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 

United Russia Japan China South Italy Germany Canada France Brazil United Saudi 

05

101520

Million Barrels per Day

Former U.S.S.

Japan

54% of 

World

 in 2005

China

States Korea Kingdom Arabia
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.9 World Crude Oil Refining Capacity, 1970-2005

 (Million Barrels per Day)

Year

Selected OECD Countries Selected Non-OECD C

Canada France Germany 1 Italy Japan Mexico 2 

South

Korea 2 Spain

United

Kingdom

United

States

Total

OECD 3 Brazil China

Former

U.S.S.R. Russia

Sa

Ara

1970 1.40 2.32 2.36 2.96 3.14 0.50 0.18 0.69 2.30 12.02 32.18 0.50 0.30 5.64 — 01971 1.45 2.53 2.54 3.24 3.70 0.57 0.25 0.85 2.39 12.86 35.19 0.51 0.42 6.27 — 01972 1.45 2.69 2.56 3.68 3.82 0.59 0.22 0.87 2.59 13.29 37.29 0.56 0.48 6.68 — 01973 1.73 2.95 2.70 3.59 4.53 0.63 0.43 1.03 2.47 13.64 39.45 0.72 0.50 7.26 — 01974 1.79 3.14 2.83 3.88 5.15 0.63 0.42 1.16 2.76 14.36 42.39 0.79 0.60 7.81 — 01975 1.88 3.34 2.99 3.95 5.35 0.76 0.43 1.17 2.78 14.96 44.07 0.96 0.85 8.24 — 01976 2.02 3.31 3.10 4.08 5.63 0.76 0.44 1.32 2.89 15.24 46.16 0.99 1.01 9.23 — 01977 2.10 3.52 3.08 4.26 5.76 0.94 0.42 1.28 3.01 16.40 48.34 1.12 1.40 9.10 — 01978 2.17 3.46 3.08 4.23 5.67 1.38 0.48 1.27 2.91 17.05 49.37 1.16 1.46 9.98 — 01979 2.23 3.47 3.10 4.20 5.68 1.24 0.54 1.43 2.53 17.44 R49.26 1.21 1.58 10.48 — 01980 2.22 3.40 2.99 4.13 5.71 1.39 0.60 1.46 2.53 17.99 R50.03 1.21 1.60 10.95 — 01981 2.17 3.34 3.02 4.09 5.66 1.39 0.61 1.46 2.63 18.62 R50.54 1.40 1.81 11.40 — 01982 2.20 3.29 2.94 4.00 5.81 1.47 0.76 1.52 2.48 17.89 R49.74 1.41 1.81 11.60 — 01983 2.02 2.87 2.47 3.28 5.73 1.29 0.76 1.52 2.26 16.86 R45.83 1.22 2.00 11.75 — 01984 1.81 2.67 2.39 3.05 5.17 1.27 0.78 1.49 2.09 16.14 R43.33 1.30 2.05 12.00 — 01985 1.87 2.39 2.17 3.10 4.97 1.27 0.78 1.49 2.01 15.66 R42.10 1.31 2.15 12.20 — 01986 1.86 1.95 1.93 2.74 4.72 1.27 0.78 1.37 1.79 15.46 R39.99 1.31 2.15 12.20 — 11987 1.76 1.83 1.72 2.68 4.79 1.35 0.86 1.31 1.78 15.57 39.63 1.32 2.20 12.26 — 11988 1.87 1.94 1.65 2.56 4.57 1.35 0.82 1.31 1.80 15.92 40.07 1.41 2.20 12.26 — 11989 1.86 1.88 1.52 2.45 4.36 1.35 0.88 1.29 1.80 R15.66 39.31 1.41 2.20 12.30 — 11990 1.85 1.82 1.51 2.80 4.20 1.51 0.87 1.29 1.83 15.57 R39.66 1.40 2.20 12.30 — 11991 1.88 1.82 2.07 2.39 4.38 1.68 0.87 1.32 1.87 15.68 40.25 1.41 2.20 12.30 — 11992 1.91 1.82 2.06 2.39 4.61 1.57 1.16 1.32 1.86 15.70 41.72 1.41 2.20 12.30 — 11993 1.87 1.85 2.23 2.42 4.74 1.52 1.15 1.30 1.84 15.12 41.28 1.40 2.20 — 6.46 11994 1.88 1.86 2.27 2.26 4.81 1.52 1.15 1.28 1.87 15.03 41.18 1.25 2.20 — 6.46 11995 1.91 1.77 2.32 2.26 4.85 1.52 1.17 1.28 1.87 15.43 41.62 1.25 2.87 — 6.53 11996 1.85 1.78 2.13 2.28 4.87 1.52 1.24 1.33 1.89 15.33 41.31 1.26 2.87 — 6.72 11997 1.85 1.79 2.11 2.26 4.99 1.52 2.21 1.30 1.94 15.45 42.47 1.26 2.87 — 6.73 11998 1.85 1.87 2.18 2.45 4.97 1.52 2.54 1.29 1.83 15.71 43.23 1.66 2.97 — 6.87 11999 1.87 1.95 2.25 2.45 5.06 1.53 2.54 1.32 1.85 16.26 44.19 1.77 4.35 — 6.75 12000 1.91 1.90 2.28 2.34 5.00 1.53 2.54 1.32 R1.79 16.51 44.33 1.78 4.35 — 6.67 12001 1.91 1.90 2.26 2.36 4.96 1.53 2.56 1.29 1.77 16.60 44.48 1.92 4.35 — 5.44 12002 1.94 1.90 2.26 2.28 4.79 1.53 2.56 1.29 1.78 16.79 44.50 1.79 4.53 — 5.44 12003 1.98 1.90 2.27 2.30 4.77 1.68 2.56 1.32 1.79 16.76 44.69 1.87 4.53 — 5.44 12004 1.99 1.95 2.29 2.31 4.70 1.68 2.54 1.27 1.82 16.89 44.75 1.91 4.53 — 5.44 12005 2.02 1.95 2.32 2.32 4.71 1.68 2.58 1.27 1.83 17.13 45.12 1.92 4.65 — 5.43 1

1 Through 1990, this is East and West Germany. Beginning in 1991, this is unified Germany. 2 Mexico, which joined the OECD on May 18, 1994, and South Korea, which joined the OECD on

December 12, 1996, are included in the OECD for all years shown in this table.

3 Hungary and Poland, which joined the OECD on May 7, 1996, and November 22, 1996, respectively,

are included in Total OECD beginning in 1992, the first year that data for these countries were available. The Czech Republic and Slovakia (or Slovak Republic), which joined the OECD on December 21, 1995 andDecember 14, 2000, respectively, are included in Total OECD beginning in 1992, the first year that data forthese countries were available.

R=Revised. — = Not applicable.Notes: • OECD = Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. See Glossary for

membership. • Capacity data represent distillation capacity. • 

• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: • 1970-1977—Bureau of Min

Refineries, Annual, annual reports. • 1978-1981—Energy InfoReports, Petroleum Refineries in the United States and U.S. TeSupply Annual, annual reports. China and Former U.S.SCompany, The Energy Decade, 1970-1980, A Statisticaforward—PennWell Publishing Company, Oil & Gas Journal. ACompany, Oil & Gas Journal.
Figure 11.10 World Petroleum Consumption

World, 1960-2004 Top Consuming Countries, 1960-2004Selected Consumers, 2004316 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. See Glossary for membership.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared.

Source: Table 11.10.

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

306090

Million Barrels per Day

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 

06

12

1824

Million Barrels per Day Non-OECD1 World OECD1

20.7

6.4

5.4

2.8 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 

United China Japan Russia Germany India Canada South Brazil France Mexico 

06

12

1824

Million Barrels per Day

United States

Former U.S.S.R.

Japan

60% of World

Total in 2004

China

States Korea 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.10 World Petroleum Consumption, 1960-2004

 (Million Barrels per Day)

Year

Selected OECD Consumers Selected Non-OECD 

Canada France Germany 1 Italy Japan Mexico 2 

South

Korea 2 Spain

United

Kingdom

United

States

Total

OECD 3 Brazil China India

For

U.S.

1960 0.84 0.56 0.63 0.44 0.66 0.30 0.01 0.10 0.94 9.80 15.78 0.27 0.17 0.16 21961 0.87 0.63 0.79 0.54 0.82 0.29 0.02 0.12 1.04 9.98 16.77 0.28 0.17 0.17 21962 0.92 0.73 1.00 0.67 0.93 0.30 0.02 0.12 1.12 10.40 18.06 0.31 0.14 0.18 21963 0.99 0.86 1.17 0.77 1.21 0.31 0.03 0.12 1.27 10.74 19.60 0.34 0.17 0.21 31964 1.05 0.98 1.36 0.90 1.48 0.33 0.02 0.20 1.36 11.02 21.05 0.35 0.20 0.22 31965 1.14 1.09 1.61 0.98 1.74 0.34 0.03 0.23 1.49 11.51 22.81 0.33 0.23 0.25 31966 1.21 1.19 1.80 1.08 1.98 0.36 0.04 0.31 1.58 12.08 24.60 0.38 0.30 0.28 31967 1.25 1.34 1.86 1.19 2.14 0.39 0.07 0.36 1.64 12.56 25.94 0.38 0.28 0.26 41968 1.34 1.46 1.99 1.40 2.66 0.41 0.10 0.46 1.82 13.39 28.56 0.46 0.31 0.31 41969 1.42 1.66 2.33 1.69 3.25 0.45 0.15 0.49 1.98 14.14 31.54 0.48 0.44 0.34 41970 1.52 1.94 2.83 1.71 3.82 0.50 0.20 0.58 2.10 14.70 34.69 0.53 0.62 0.40 51971 1.56 2.12 2.94 1.84 4.14 0.52 0.23 0.64 2.14 15.21 36.30 0.58 0.79 0.42 51972 1.66 2.32 R3.10 1.95 4.36 0.59 R0.24 0.68 2.28 16.37 38.95 0.66 0.91 0.46 61973 1.73 2.60 R3.32 2.07 4.95 0.67 0.28 0.78 2.34 17.31 41.80 0.78 1.12 0.49 61974 1.78 2.45 R3.03 2.00 4.86 0.71 0.29 0.86 2.21 16.65 40.38 0.86 1.19 0.47 71975 1.78 2.25 2.96 1.86 4.62 0.75 0.31 0.87 1.91 16.32 39.14 0.92 1.36 0.50 71976 1.82 2.42 3.21 1.97 4.84 0.83 0.36 0.97 1.89 17.46 41.72 1.00 1.53 0.51 71977 1.85 2.29 3.21 1.90 4.88 0.88 0.42 0.94 1.91 18.43 42.78 1.02 1.64 0.55 81978 1.90 2.41 3.29 1.95 4.95 0.99 0.48 0.98 1.94 18.85 43.98 1.11 1.79 0.62 81979 1.97 2.46 3.37 2.04 5.05 1.10 0.53 1.02 1.97 18.51 44.39 1.18 1.84 0.66 81980 1.87 2.26 3.08 1.93 4.96 1.27 0.54 0.99 1.73 17.06 41.76 1.15 1.77 0.64 91981 1.77 2.02 2.80 1.87 4.85 1.40 0.54 0.94 1.59 16.06 39.49 1.09 1.71 0.73 81982 1.58 1.88 2.74 1.78 4.58 1.48 0.53 1.00 1.59 15.30 37.77 1.06 1.66 0.74 91983 1.45 1.84 2.66 1.75 4.40 1.35 0.56 1.01 1.53 15.23 36.91 0.98 1.73 0.77 81984 R1.47 1.77 2.56 1.72 4.67 R1.45 0.55 R0.91 1.83 15.73 R37.69 1.03 1.74 0.82 81985 R1.50 1.75 2.65 1.71 4.44 R1.47 0.55 R0.85 1.62 15.73 37.48 1.08 1.89 R0.90 81986 R1.51 1.76 2.79 1.73 4.50 R1.49 0.59 R0.88 1.64 16.28 R38.60 1.24 2.00 0.95 81987 R1.55 1.79 2.72 1.82 4.57 R1.52 0.63 0.90 1.61 16.67 R39.34 1.26 2.12 0.99 91988 R1.69 1.80 2.72 1.83 4.85 R1.55 0.75 0.98 1.69 17.28 R40.65 1.30 2.28 1.08 81989 R1.73 1.84 2.58 1.90 5.06 R1.64 0.86 R1.03 1.73 17.33 R41.33 1.32 2.38 1.15 81990 1.75 1.83 2.68 1.87 R5.18 1.75 1.05 1.01 1.78 16.99 R41.48 1.47 2.30 1.17 81991 1.68 1.94 2.83 1.86 R5.25 1.83 1.26 1.07 1.80 16.71 R41.86 1.48 2.50 1.19 81992 1.72 1.93 2.84 1.89 R5.39 1.86 1.53 1.10 R1.81 17.03 R42.84 1.52 2.66 1.27 — 1993 1.75 1.88 2.91 1.89 R5.28 1.84 1.68 1.05 1.83 17.24 R43.16 1.58 2.96 1.31 — 1994 1.77 1.86 2.88 1.87 R5.58 1.93 1.84 1.12 1.83 17.72 R44.34 1.67 3.16 1.41 — 1995 1.82 1.92 2.88 1.94 R5.58 1.82 2.01 1.19 1.81 17.72 R44.75 1.79 3.36 1.57 — 1996 1.87 1.95 2.92 1.92 R5.68 1.79 2.10 1.20 1.85 18.31 R45.88 1.90 3.61 1.68 — 1997 1.96 1.97 2.92 1.93 R5.70 1.85 2.25 1.27 1.80 18.62 R46.68 2.03 3.92 1.77 — 1998 1.94 2.04 2.92 1.94 R5.53 1.95 1.92 1.36 1.79 18.92 R46.87 2.10 4.11 1.84 — 1999 2.03 2.03 2.84 1.89 R5.68 1.96 2.08 1.40 1.79 19.52 R47.81 2.13 4.36 2.03 — 2000 2.03 2.00 2.77 1.85 R5.57 2.04 2.14 1.43 1.76 19.70 R47.91 2.17 4.80 2.13 — 2001 2.04 2.05 2.81 1.84 R5.49 R2.01 2.13 1.49 1.72 19.65 R47.96 2.21 4.92 2.18 — 2002 2.08 1.98 2.72 1.87 R5.41 R1.95 2.15 R1.50 R1.72 19.76 R47.95 2.13 5.16 2.26 — 2003 R2.21 R2.00 2.68 1.87 R5.50 R1.95 R2.18 1.54 R1.75 20.03 R48.65 R2.06 R5.58 R2.35 — 2004P 2.29 1.98 2.65 1.88 5.35 1.97 2.15 1.57 1.83 20.73 49.51 2.14 6.40 2.45 — 

1 Through 1969, the data for Germany are for the former West Germany only. For 1970 through 1990,

this is East and West Germany. Beginning in 1991, this is unified Germany. 2 Mexico, which joined the OECD on May 18, 1994, and South Korea, which joined the OECD onDecember 12, 1996, are included in the OECD for all years shown in this table.

3 Hungary and Poland, which joined the OECD on May 7, 1996, and November 22, 1996, respectively,

are included in Total OECD beginning in 1970, the first year that data for these countries were available. Total OECD includes Czechoslovakia from 1970-1992, and Czech Republic and Slovakia from 1993

forward.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable.Notes: • OECD = Organization for Economic Cooperati

membership. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: • 1960-1979—Energy Information Administrati

• 1980 forward—EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" (May-
Figure 11.11 World Dry Natural Gas Production

World and Top Producing Countries, 1995-2004 World Areas, 2004World Areas, 1995-2004318 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 11.11.

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

255075

100

Trillion Cubic Feet

31.25

11.89

28.16

North, Europe1 Eurasia2 

0

10203040

Trillion Cubic Feet

World

Canada

Russia

United States

Europe1

Asia and Oceania2

Middle Ea

Central,

and

South America

North, Central,

and South America

Eurasia2

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 

0

10203040

Trillion Cubic Feet
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.11 World Dry Natural Gas Production, 1995-2004

 (Trillion Cubic Feet)

Region and Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 

North, Central, and South America ............................... 27.74 28.39 28.75 29.39 29.53 30.40 31.17 R

 Argentina ........................................................................ 0.88 0.94 0.97 1.04 1.22 1.32 1.31  Canada ........................................................................... 5.60 5.71 5.76 5.98 6.27 6.47 6.60  Mexico ............................................................................ 0.96 1.06 1.17 1.27 1.29 1.31 1.30  United States .................................................................. 18.60 18.85 18.90 19.02 18.83 19.18 19.62  Venezuela ....................................................................... 0.89 0.96 0.99 1.11 0.95 0.96 1.12  Other ............................................................................... 0.81 0.86 0.96 0.96 0.98 1.15 1.22 

Europe 1 ........................................................................... 9.86 11.09 10.68 10.49 10.72 10.98 11.10 R

 Germany ......................................................................... 0.74 0.80 0.79 0.77 0.82 0.78 0.79  Italy ................................................................................. 0.72 0.71 0.68 0.67 0.62 0.59 0.54  Netherlands .................................................................... 2.98 3.37 2.99 2.84 2.65 2.56 2.75  Norway ........................................................................... 1.08 1.45 1.62 1.63 1.76 1.87 1.95  Romania ......................................................................... 0.68 0.63 0.61 0.52 0.50 0.48 0.51  United Kingdom .............................................................. 2.67 3.18 3.03 3.14 3.49 3.83 3.69  Other ............................................................................... 0.99 0.95 0.95 0.92 0.88 0.88 0.89 

Eurasia 2 .......................................................................... 24.88 25.28 23.88 24.31 24.59 25.43 25.65 

 Russia ............................................................................. 21.01 21.23 20.17 20.87 20.83 20.63 20.51 2 Turkmenistan .................................................................. 1.14 1.31 0.90 0.47 0.79 1.64 1.70  Ukraine ........................................................................... 0.62 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.63 0.64 0.64  Uzbekistan ...................................................................... 1.70 1.70 1.74 1.94 1.96 1.99 2.23  Other ............................................................................... 0.41 0.40 0.44 0.40 0.39 0.53 0.57 

Middle East and Africa ................................................... 7.99 8.76 9.74 10.30 10.95 12.01 12.61 R

 Algeria ............................................................................ 2.05 2.19 2.43 2.60 2.88 2.94 2.79  Egypt .............................................................................. 0.44 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.52 0.65 0.87  Iran ................................................................................. 1.25 1.42 1.66 1.77 2.04 2.13 2.33  Qatar ............................................................................... 0.48 0.48 0.61 0.69 0.78 1.03 0.95  Saudi Arabia ................................................................... 1.34 1.46 1.60 1.65 1.63 1.76 1.90  United Arab Emirates ..................................................... 1.11 1.19 1.28 1.31 1.34 1.36 1.39  Other ............................................................................... 1.33 1.53 1.67 1.79 1.76 2.15 2.39 

Asia and Oceania 1 ......................................................... 7.50 R8.17 R8.52 R8.59 R9.17 R9.49 9.92 R

 Australia .......................................................................... 1.03 1.06 1.06 1.10 1.12 1.16 1.19  China .............................................................................. 0.60 R0.71 R0.80 R0.82 R0.89 0.96 1.07  India ................................................................................ 0.63 0.70 0.72 0.76 0.75 0.79 0.85  Indonesia ........................................................................ 2.24 2.35 2.37 2.27 2.51 2.36 2.34  Malaysia ......................................................................... 1.02 1.23 1.36 1.37 1.42 1.50 1.66  Pakistan .......................................................................... 0.65 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.78 0.86 0.77  Other ............................................................................... 1.33 1.42 1.52 1.56 1.70 1.86 2.04 

World ............................................................................... 77.96 R81.69 R81.57 R83.07 R84.96 R88.30 90.45 R

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 6.1. Other Countri

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 2.4.
Figure 11.12 World Dry Natural Gas Consumption

World and Top Consuming Countries, 1980-2004Top Consuming Countries, 2004320 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 11.12.

1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 

0

3570

105

Trillion Cubic Feet

World

Former U.S.S.R. United S

22.4

16.0

3.6 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.3 1.8 

United Russia Germany United Canada Ukraine Iran Japan Italy Saudi Nether- Uzb

05

10152025

Trillion Cubic Feet

States Kingdom Arabia lands
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.12 World Dry Natural Gas Consumption, 1980-2004

 (Billion Cubic Feet)

Year Canada France Germany 1 Indonesia Iran Italy Japan

Netherlands Former U.S.S.R. Russia Saudi Arabia Ukraine United Kingdom Unit

Stat

1980 1,883 981 2,621 195 232 972 903 1,493 13,328 — 334 — 1,702 19,81981 1,842 1,003 2,513 232 155 942 925 1,421 14,440 — 564 — 1,740 19,41982 1,859 979 2,334 218 200 944 956 1,511 15,522 — 430 — 1,743 18,01983 1,863 999 2,397 302 310 967 1,020 1,451 16,822 — 418 — 1,815 16,81984 2,017 1,079 2,584 365 476 1,135 1,372 1,540 18,512 — 620 — 1,851 17,91985 2,165 1,110 2,546 513 600 1,151 1,468 1,624 20,302 — 716 — 1,991 17,21986 2,130 1,129 2,595 441 536 1,217 1,494 1,620 21,522 — 890 — 2,020 16,21987 2,112 1,038 2,733 542 565 1,346 1,543 1,672 22,462 — 946 — 2,079 17,21988 2,331 963 2,716 492 706 1,460 1,618 1,513 24,092 — 1,028 — 1,972 18,01989 2,427 984 2,835 546 784 1,581 1,731 1,550 24,529 — 1,052 — 1,951 19,11990 2,378 997 2,669 547 837 1,674 1,851 1,535 24,961 — 1,077 — 2,059 19,11991 2,400 1,131 2,776 557 811 1,775 1,976 1,715 25,014 — 1,130 — 2,218 19,51992 2,596 1,146 2,739 673 883 1,760 2,023 1,669 — 16,482 1,201 3,503 2,170 20,21993 R2,691 1,158 2,830 850 938 1,801 2,034 1,714 — 16,185 1,268 3,871 2,412 20,71994 R2,738 1,157 2,965 965 1,123 1,748 2,180 1,654 — 15,214 1,331 3,327 2,542 21,21995 R2,872 1,183 3,172 1,061 1,243 1,921 2,207 1,701 — 14,507 1,343 2,970 2,690 22,21996 2,917 1,314 3,163 1,108 1,416 1,984 2,390 1,874 — 14,504 1,460 2,935 3,182 22,61997 2,887 1,300 3,012 1,125 1,663 2,048 2,439 1,763 — 13,434 1,601 2,832 3,013 22,71998 R2,798 1,313 3,130 983 1,828 2,205 2,535 1,752 — 14,045 1,653 2,606 3,072 22,21999 R3,108 1,383 3,151 1,124 2,112 2,396 R2,736 1,705 — 14,013 1,632 2,755 3,259 22,42000 R2,991 1,403 3,098 1,081 2,221 2,498 R2,833 1,725 — 14,130 1,759 2,779 3,373 23,32001 R3,121 R1,471 3,239 1,182 2,478 2,505 R2,831 1,769 — 14,412 1,896 2,617 3,338 22,22002 R3,173 R1,528 3,204 R1,218 2,798 R2,488 R2,928 R1,767 — 14,567 2,002 2,779 R3,379 23,02003 R3,373 R1,511 R3,566 R1,222 R2,910 R2,732 R3,045 R1,775 — 15,291 2,121 3,023 R3,358 R22,22004P 3,385 1,604 3,576 1,309 3,021 2,847 2,950 1,812 — 16,022 2,319 3,051 3,477 22,4

1 Through 1990, this is East and West Germany. Beginning in 1991, this is unified Germany.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 6.1. Other Countri

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 1.3.
Figure 11.13 World Recoverable Reserves of Coal, 2002

By Type By RegionTop Reserves Countries322 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.3 U.S. reserves are at end of 2004, two years later than other data in this figure.

Notes: • Data are at end of year. • Because vertical scales 

compared.

Source: Table 11.13.

529

469

Anthracite Subbituminous

0

200400600

Billion Short Tons276

22

66

251

North America Central Europe1 Eurasia2 

0

100200300400

Billion Short Tons

and Bituminous

Coal

Coal and

Lignite

and South

America

267

173

126

102

87

54

38 34

18 15 

United Russia China India Australia South Ukraine Kazakhstan Serbia and Poland 

0

100200300

Billion Short Tons

States3 Africa Montenegro
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.13 World Recoverable Reserves of Coal, 2002

 (Million Short Tons)

Region and Country Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Subbituminous Coal and Lignite 

North America ............................................................. R 128,608 R 147,491 

 Canada ....................................................................... 3,826 3,425  Greenland ................................................................... 0 202  Mexico ........................................................................ 948 387  United States 1 ........................................................... RE123,834 RE143,478 

Central and South America ....................................... 8,489 13,439 

 Brazil ........................................................................... 0 11,148  Chile ........................................................................... 34 1,268  Colombia .................................................................... 6,867 420  Peru ............................................................................ 1,058 110  Other ........................................................................... 529 494 

Europe 2 ....................................................................... 19,558 46,203 

 Bulgaria ...................................................................... 4 2,406  Czech Republic .......................................................... 2,308 3,812  Germany ..................................................................... 202 7,227  Greece ........................................................................ 0 4,299  Hungary ...................................................................... 218 3,482  Poland ........................................................................ 15,432 0  Romania ..................................................................... 24 520  Serbia and Montenegro (Yugoslavia) ......................... 10 18,279  Turkey ......................................................................... 306 4,308  United Kingdom .......................................................... 243 0  Other ........................................................................... 810 1,871 

Eurasia 3 ...................................................................... 104,183 146,322 

 Kazakhstan ................................................................. 31,031 3,448  Russia ......................................................................... 54,110 118,964  Ukraine ....................................................................... 17,939 19,708  Uzbekistan .................................................................. 1,102 3,307  Other ........................................................................... 0 895 

Africa ........................................................................... 55,294 192 

 Botswana .................................................................... 44 0  South Africa ................................................................ 53,738 0  Zimbabwe ................................................................... 553 0  Other ........................................................................... 959 192 

Middle East, Asia, and Oceania 2 .............................. 212,727 114,999 

 Australia ...................................................................... 42,549 43,982  China .......................................................................... 68,564 57,651  India ............................................................................ 99,302 2,601  Indonesia .................................................................... 816 4,661  North Korea ................................................................ 331 331  Pakistan ...................................................................... 0 3,362  Thailand ...................................................................... 0 1,493  Other ........................................................................... 1,166 918 

World ........................................................................... R 528,860 R 468,646 

1 U.S. data are as of the end of 2004, two years later than the other data on this table. 2 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 3 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. E=Estimate. Notes: • Data are at end of year. • World Energy Council data represent "proved recoverable

reserves," which are the tonnage within the "proved amount in place" that can be recovered (extracted fromthe earth in raw form) under present and expected local economic conditions with existing, availabletechnology. • The Energy Information Administration (EIA) does not certify the international reserves data,

but reproduces the information as a matter of convenience fo

estimated recoverable reserves from the Demonstrated Reserve indicated tonnage. The U.S. term "measured" approximates the Council. The U.S. "measured and indicated" data have been "measured alone." • Totals may not equal sum of components d

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: EIA, "International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 20
Figure 11.14 World Coal Production

World and Top Producing Countries, 1995-2004 World Areas, 1995-2004Top Producing Countries, 2004324 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

China

World

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be cSource: Table 11.14.

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

0

1

2

34567

Billion Short Tons

1996 1998 2000 

0.00.71.4

2.1

2.83.5

Billion Short Tons

United States

Middle East, Asia, and Ocea

 Eu

Eurasia2

Africa

2.16

1.11

0.44 0.39

0.31 0.27 0.23 0.18 0.14 0.10 0.08 0

China United India Australia Russia South Germany Poland Indonesia Kazakhstan Greece Ca

0.00.6

1.2

1.82.4

Billion Short Tons

North, Central, and

South America

States Africa
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.14 World Coal Production, 1995-2004

 (Million Short Tons)

Region and Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 200

North, Central, and South America ........... 1,166 1,203 1,237 1,266 1,243 1,221 1,281 R1,2

 Canada ....................................................... 83 84 87 83 80 76 78  Colombia .................................................... 28 33 36 37 36 42 48 R4 Mexico ........................................................ 10 11 11 12 11 13 13  United States .............................................. 1,033 1,064 1,090 1,118 1,100 1,074 1,128 1,0 Other ........................................................... 12 11 13 16 15 17 15 

Europe 1 ....................................................... 956 R954 R936 R881 R828 R828 R835 R8

 Bosnia and Herzegovina ............................ 2 2 6 R8 R7 R9 R8  Bulgaria ...................................................... 31 31 33 33 28 29 29 2 Czech Republic .......................................... 83 85 82 74 65 72 73  Germany .................................................... 274 265 252 233 226 226 227 2 Greece ........................................................ 64 66 65 67 68 70 73  Hungary ...................................................... 16 R17 R17 R16 16 15 15  Macedonia .................................................. 8 8 8 9 8 8 9  Poland ........................................................ 221 222 221 197 189 179 180 1 Romania ..................................................... 45 46 37 29 25 32 37  Serbia and Montenegro (Yugoslavia) ......... 45 45 47 49 R36 R41 R40 R4 Slovenia ...................................................... 5 5 6 5 5 5 5  Spain .......................................................... 31 30 29 29 27 26 25 2 Turkey ......................................................... 61 62 66 74 74 70 68  United Kingdom .......................................... 52 54 52 44 40 34 35  Other ........................................................... 18 16 15 13 13 11 10 

Eurasia 2 ...................................................... 476 433 417 403 410 432 451 R4

 Estonia ........................................................ 14 15 15 14 12 13 13  Kazakhstan ................................................. 93 86 80 78 66 82 93  Russia ......................................................... 271 265 253 241 259 265 273 2 Ukraine ....................................................... 95 63 65 66 70 69 68 R Other ........................................................... 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 

Africa ........................................................... 235 R234 251 254 250 256 257 2

 South Africa ................................................ 227 227 244 247 243 249 251 24 Zimbabwe ................................................... 5 5 4 5 5 5 4  Other ........................................................... R2222222

Middle East, Asia, and Oceania 1 .............. 2,263 2,282 2,291 2,243 R2,211 R2,198 R2,408 R2,5

 Australia ...................................................... 267 272 292 317 321 338 363 3 China .......................................................... 1,537 1,545 1,507 1,429 1,365 1,314 1,459 1,5 India ............................................................ 321 315 338 343 356 370 R389 R4 Indonesia .................................................... 45 55 60 68 81 84 102 1 Mongolia ..................................................... 6 6 5 6 7 6 7  North Korea ................................................ 35 31 30 27 31 33 34  South Korea ................................................ 6 5 5 5 5 5 4  Thailand ...................................................... 20 24 26 22 20 20 22 2 Vietnam ...................................................... 9 11 13 12 R11 R13 14  Other ........................................................... 17 18 15 R15 15 R15 R16 

World ........................................................... 5,096 R5,106 R5,132 R5,046 4,941 R4,935 R5,233 R5,2

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Coal includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, and

brown coal. • Production from Estonia is oil shale. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to

independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 7.1. Other Countri

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 2.5.
Figure 11.15 World Coal Consumption

World Total, 1980-2004 Selected Countries, 1980-2004Top Consuming Countries, 2004326 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be compared. Source: Table 11.15.

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

Billion Short Tons 6.10 in 2004

1980 1985 1990 

0.00.40.8

1.2

1.62.02.4

Billion Short Tons

U

States Africa 

2.06

1.11

0.48

0.28 0.26 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.08 0.08 0

China United India Germany Russia Japan South Poland Australia Greece Ukraine Tu

0.00.40.8

1.2

1.62.02.4

Billion Short Tons
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.15 World Coal Consumption, 1980-2004

 (Million Short Tons)

Year Australia China Germany 1 Greece India Japan

North

Korea Poland

Former

U.S.S.R. Russia

SouthAfrica Turkey Ukraine

Unit

Kingd

1980 74 679 535 26 130 98 49 221 751 — 105 20 — 11981 75 680 544 30 140 106 51 200 748 — 116 23 — 11982 79 726 548 31 147 105 54 208 771 — 124 26 — 11983 78 768 549 36 160 100 56 213 764 — 127 29 — 11984 81 845 573 36 179 113 57 227 770 — 137 35 — 1985 86 921 579 42 193 119 60 238 779 — 142 46 — 11986 84 962 576 44 209 109 59 247 803 — 145 54 — 11987 93 1,027 565 49 209 111 57 258 807 — 148 54 — 11988 96 1,098 561 56 228 123 58 253 821 — 151 51 — 11989 104 1,113 553 59 239 123 57 242 777 — 140 60 — 11990 104 1,124 528 59 256 126 54 202 848 — 139 60 — 11991 108 1,165 408 59 271 129 52 202 672 — 144 64 — 11992 111 1,199 362 62 283 125 46 192 — 326 147 66 151 11993 109 1,276 335 62 294 127 42 194 — 313 146 60 133 1994 110 1,390 314 66 314 137 39 184 — 284 161 66 109 1995 112 1,495 298 64 332 142 36 185 — 270 162 67 110 1996 120 1,509 296 66 332 142 31 189 — 278 164 73 75 1997 127 1,450 280 66 359 151 30 182 — 253 172 80 72 1998 138 1,392 269 68 363 R143 27 168 — 238 161 86 73 1999 141 1,343 258 68 375 R155 31 162 — 247 R167 84 72 2000 141 1,282 270 72 406 R169 33 159 — 253 R174 89 73 2001 141 1,357 278 75 R417 R169 34 152 — 242 R178 80 71 2002 145 1,413 R279 77 R434 R173 32 149 — 240 R170 R73 R72 2003 R143 R1,720 R277 R78 R449 R185 R33 R155 — R243 R187 71 R75 2004P 150 2,062 280 80 478 204 33 153 — 258 195 70 78 

1 Through 1990, this is East and West Germany. Beginning in 1991, this is unified Germany.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 7.1. Other Countri

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Table 1.4.
Figure 11.16 World Net Generation of Electricity

Net Generation by Type, 1980, 1990, and 2004 Net Generation by Type by Region, 2004

(Percent of Regional Total)

Top Net Generating Countries, 2004328 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Wood, waste, geothermal, solar, wind, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased

steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

2 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See ”U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.3 Includes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See ”U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

(s)=Less than 0.05 trillion kilowatthours.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 11.16.

10.9

2.7 2.6

0.3

7.1

2.1 1.9

0.1

5.6

1.7

0.7

Fossil Fuels Hydroelectric Power Nuclear Electric Other1

0369

12

Trillion Kilowatthours

1980 1990 2004

4.0

2.1

1.0 0.9

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

United China Japan Russia India Canada Germany France

0

1

2

345

Trillion Kilowatthours

66

18

16

North America

C

(s)

Power

89

1

10

Middle East and Africa

52

28

20

Europe2

States
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.16 World Net Generation of Electricity by Type, 1980, 1990, and 2004

 (Billion Kilowatthours)

Region and Country

Fossil Fuels Nuclear Electric Power Hydroelectric Power 1 

1980 1990 2004 P 1980 1990 2004 P 1980 1990 2004 P 

North America ............................................. 1,880.1 2,292.0 3,168.8 287.0 648.9 883.1 546.9 606.5 619.1 

 Canada ....................................................... 79.8 101.9 142.9 35.9 69.2 85.9 251.0 293.9 334.2  Mexico ........................................................ 46.0 85.7 199.9 0.0 2.8 8.7 16.7 23.2 25.0  United States ............................................. 1,753.8 2,103.8 2,825.0 251.1 576.9 788.5 279.2 289.4 259.9  Other ........................................................... 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Central and South America ....................... 99.8 114.8 259.2 2.2 9.0 18.9 201.5 365.1 577.1 

 Argentina .................................................... 22.2 20.9 55.1 2.2 7.0 7.3 17.3 20.2 30.2  Brazil ........................................................... 7.5 8.1 34.5 0.0 1.9 11.6 128.4 204.6 317.6  Paraguay .................................................... (s) (s) (s) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 27.2 51.8  Venezuela ................................................... 17.6 21.0 31.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.4 36.6 62.1  Other ........................................................... 52.4 64.8 138.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.6 76.4 115.4 

Europe 3 ....................................................... 1,452.3 1,439.1 1,791.9 229.6 761.3 967.5 458.0 474.5 543.6 

 Belgium ....................................................... 38.3 25.0 32.2 11.9 40.6 45.8 0.3 0.3 0.3  Czech Republic .......................................... — — 51.6 — — 25.0 — — 2.0  Finland ........................................................ 22.0 22.8 35.0 6.6 18.3 21.5 10.1 10.8 14.8  France ........................................................ 118.0 44.3 49.7 63.4 298.4 425.8 68.3 52.8 59.1  Germany ..................................................... 390.3 358.9 348.1 55.6 145.1 159.0 18.8 17.2 20.4  Italy ............................................................. 125.5 167.5 223.9 2.1 0.0 0.0 45.0 31.3 40.8  Netherlands ................................................ 58.0 63.2 82.6 3.9 3.3 3.6 0.0 0.1 0.1  Norway ....................................................... 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 82.7 119.9 107.7  Poland ........................................................ 111.1 125.0 140.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 1.4 2.1  Romania ..................................................... 51.4 49.7 32.4 0.0 0.0 5.3 12.5 10.9 16.8  Spain .......................................................... 74.5 66.5 150.5 5.2 51.6 60.4 29.2 25.2 31.2  Sweden ....................................................... 10.1 3.2 6.4 25.3 64.8 73.4 58.1 71.8 63.5  Switzerland ................................................. 0.9 0.6 1.1 12.9 22.4 25.6 32.5 29.5 33.4  Turkey ......................................................... 12.0 32.3 97.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.2 22.9 45.6  United Kingdom .......................................... 228.9 230.0 276.5 32.3 62.5 73.7 3.9 5.1 4.9  Other ........................................................... 211.2 249.8 263.5 10.3 54.4 48.3 83.2 75.4 100.7 

Eurasia 4 ...................................................... 1,037.1 1,204.1 835.5 72.9 201.3 236.7 184.0 230.7 233.1 

 Kazakhstan ................................................. — — 54.3 — — 0.0 — — 8.9  Russia ......................................................... — — 577.0 — — 137.5 — — 165.3  Ukraine ....................................................... — — 85.5 — — 82.7 — — 9.0  Other ........................................................... 1,037.1 1,204.1 118.6 72.9 201.3 16.6 184.0 230.7 49.8 

Middle East .................................................. 82.8 217.3 552.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.6 R 9.6 14.1 

 Iran ............................................................. 15.7 49.8 145.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.6 6.0 10.6  Saudi Arabia ............................................... 20.5 64.9 155.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  Other ........................................................... 46.6 102.6 252.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.1 R 3.6 3.6 

Africa ........................................................... R 128.8 R 243.6 401.7 0.0 8.4 14.3 60.1 R 54.9 87.4 

 Egypt .......................................................... 8.6 31.5 78.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.7 9.9 12.5  South Africa ................................................ 92.1 146.6 212.0 0.0 8.4 14.3 1.0 1.0 0.7  Other ........................................................... R 28.2 R 65.5 111.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49.4 R 44.0 74.2 

Asia and Oceania 3 ..................................... 907.7 1,626.8 3,889.2 92.7 279.9 498.6 262.7 404.1 664.0 

 Australia ...................................................... 74.5 131.8 207.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.8 14.0 15.7  China .......................................................... 227.9 465.2 1,701.8 0.0 0.0 47.9 57.6 125.1 327.7  India ............................................................ 69.7 198.9 525.4 3.0 5.6 15.0 46.5 70.9 83.8  Indonesia .................................................... 10.6 35.3 97.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 6.7 9.4  Japan .......................................................... 381.6 524.0 594.3 78.6 192.2 271.6 87.8 88.4 93.5  South Korea ................................................ 29.8 45.5 215.2 3.3 50.2 124.2 1.5 4.6 3.8  Taiwan ........................................................ 31.3 43.6 128.6 7.8 31.6 37.9 2.9 8.2 6.4  Thailand ...................................................... 12.3 38.7 112.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 4.9 6.0  Other ........................................................... 70.1 143.8 307.4 (s) 0.4 1.9 50.0 81.2 117.7 

World ........................................................... R 5,588.5 R7,137.9 10,898.8 684.4 1,908.8 2,619.2 R1,722.9 R2,145.4 2,738.4 

1 Excludes pumped storage, except for the United States. 2 Wood, waste, geothermal, solar, wind, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur,

and miscellaneous technologies are included in total. 3 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 4 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less thaNote: • Totals may not equal sum of components due to inde

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 8.2a. Other Countr

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Tables 2.6, 
Figure 11.17 World Electrical Installed Capacity by Type

Installed Capacity by Type, 1980, 1990, and 2004Installed Capacity and Net Generation Shares by Type, 2004330 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Wood, waste, geothermal, solar, wind, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased

steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

Note: Shares are based on data prior to rounding for publ

100 percent.

Sources: Tables 11.16 and 11.17.

2,552

740

369

1,738

575

323

1,348

457

136 5

Fossil Fuels Hydroelectric Power Nuclear Electric Power 

0

600

1,2001,8002,4003,000

Million Kilowatts

1980 1990 2004

66

17 16

68

20

10

Fossil Fuels Hydroelectric Power Nuclear Electric Power 

0

20406080

Percent of Total

Installed Capacity Net Generation
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.17 World Electrical Installed Capacity by Type, 1980, 1990, and 2004

 (Million Kilowatts)

Region and Country

Fossil Fuels Nuclear Electric Power Hydroelectric Power 1 

1980 1990 2004 P 1980 1990 2004 P 1980 1990 2004 P 

North America ............................................. 481.7 574.9 818.2 57.7 112.2 111.6 135.7 159.1 178.3 

 Canada ....................................................... 26.6 28.0 34.9 5.9 11.9 10.6 47.9 57.9 70.2  Mexico ........................................................ 10.8 18.9 37.6 0.0 0.7 1.4 6.1 7.8 9.7  United States 3 ........................................... 444.1 527.8 745.4 51.8 99.6 99.6 81.7 93.4 98.4  Other ........................................................... 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Central and South America ....................... 36.0 44.9 80.1 0.4 1.7 3.0 43.0 84.1 122.2 

 Argentina .................................................... 8.0 9.5 19.8 0.4 1.0 1.0 3.6 6.6 9.8  Brazil ........................................................... 4.1 4.7 11.7 0.0 0.7 2.0 27.5 44.8 67.8  Paraguay .................................................... 0.1 (s) (s) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 5.8 7.4  Venezuela ................................................... 5.8 8.5 8.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 10.0 12.5  Other ........................................................... 18.0 22.1 40.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.0 16.9 24.7 

Europe 4 ....................................................... 351.0 386.1 441.4 46.5 125.7 138.6 135.3 R153.9 167.2 

 Belgium ....................................................... 8.2 7.2 8.1 1.7 5.5 5.8 0.7 0.1 0.1  Czech Republic .......................................... — — 11.4 — — 3.8 — — 1.0  Finland ........................................................ 6.3 7.8 10.9 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.6 3.0  France ........................................................ 30.1 22.8 26.9 14.4 52.5 63.4 16.4 20.3 20.9  Germany ..................................................... 84.1 87.5 78.4 10.4 24.5 21.4 7.9 8.7 4.1  Italy ............................................................. 27.6 37.5 54.9 1.4 0.0 0.0 15.8 12.6 13.7  Netherlands ................................................ 16.9 16.8 19.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.0 (s) (s)  Norway ....................................................... 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.8 25.7 26.3  Poland ........................................................ 23.0 26.1 29.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.9  Romania ..................................................... 12.7 17.3 13.1 0.0 0.0 0.7 3.5 5.6 6.2  Spain .......................................................... 13.9 19.9 31.9 1.1 7.5 7.6 13.5 11.6 15.5  Sweden ....................................................... 7.9 7.2 7.4 4.6 9.9 9.4 14.9 15.8 16.1  Switzerland ................................................. 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.9 3.0 3.2 11.5 R 11.6 13.3  Turkey ......................................................... 3.0 9.2 22.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 6.6 12.6  United Kingdom .......................................... 65.6 59.1 60.8 6.5 11.4 12.1 2.5 1.4 1.5  Other ........................................................... 50.9 66.7 65.5 1.7 8.6 8.1 23.8 30.7 32.0 

Eurasia 5 ...................................................... 201.9 240.8 237.9 12.5 37.9 37.5 52.3 65.0 66.9 

 Kazakhstan ................................................. — — 14.9 — — 0.0 — — 2.2  Russia ......................................................... — — 148.0 — — 22.2 — — 45.0  Ukraine ....................................................... — — 36.2 — — 11.8 — — 4.4  Other ........................................................... 201.9 240.8 38.8 12.5 37.9 3.4 52.3 65.0 15.3 

Middle East .................................................. 27.9 R 68.1 105.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 4.8 6.5 

 Iran ............................................................. 9.4 15.5 29.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 2.0 4.4  Saudi Arabia ............................................... 5.9 19.1 29.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  Other ........................................................... 12.5 R 33.5 46.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 2.8 2.1 

Africa ........................................................... 30.5 57.4 80.7 0.0 1.8 1.8 13.9 18.5 21.1 

 Egypt .......................................................... 2.4 8.7 14.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.4 2.7 2.7  South Africa ................................................ 17.8 28.6 38.0 0.0 1.8 1.8 0.5 0.6 0.7  Other ........................................................... 10.3 20.1 28.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.9 15.2 17.7 

Asia and Oceania 4 ..................................... 218.9 R 365.4 788.3 18.5 43.9 76.0 74.4 109.3 198.2 

 Australia ...................................................... 17.6 27.8 39.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.2 7.3 7.9  China .......................................................... 45.6 92.1 289.8 0.0 0.0 6.2 20.3 34.6 94.9  India ............................................................ 20.7 51.9 96.5 0.9 1.6 2.8 11.8 18.3 29.6  Indonesia .................................................... 3.9 9.6 19.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 3.0 4.3  Japan .......................................................... 94.3 119.1 174.7 15.7 29.4 45.7 19.6 20.4 22.0  South Korea ................................................ 6.5 11.0 41.0 0.6 7.6 15.7 0.8 1.3 1.6  Taiwan ........................................................ 6.9 10.2 23.6 1.3 5.1 5.1 1.4 2.6 4.5  Thailand ...................................................... 2.6 6.0 21.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 2.3 3.0  Other ........................................................... R 20.8 R 37.7 81.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 12.1 19.6 30.5 

World ........................................................... R1,347.8 R1,737.6 2,551.9 135.5 323.1 368.5 457.2 R575.2 739.6 

1 Excludes pumped storage, except for the United States. 2 Wood, waste, geothermal, solar, wind, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur,

and miscellaneous technologies are included in total. 3 Net summer capability. See Table 8.11a. 4 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 5 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less thaNote: Totals may not equal sum of components due to indepeWeb Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: United States: Table 8.11a Other Countr

"International Energy Annual 2004" (May-July 2006), Tables 6.4, 
Figure 11.18 World Nuclear Electricity Net Generation

By Region, 2004 Top Net Generating Countries, 1995-2004Top Net Generating Countries, 2004332 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See “U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 11.18.

902

968

237

513

North, Central, Europe1 Eurasia2 Asia, Oceania,

0

300600900

1,200

Billion Kilowatthours

and South

America

1996 1998 2000 

0

300600900

Billion Kilowatthours

and Africa1

Russia

France

United Sta

Germany

789

426

272

159 138 124

86 83 74 73 60 48 46 38 

United France Japan Germany Russia South Canada Ukraine United Sweden Spain China Belgium Taiwan 

0

300600900

Billion Kilowatthours

States Korea Kingdom 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.18 World Nuclear Electricity Net Generation, 1995-2004

 (Billion Kilowatthours)

Region and Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 200

North America ............................................. 774.4 770.3 716.4 750.2 807.6 830.9 850.0 86

 Canada ....................................................... 93.0 88.1 77.9 67.7 69.8 69.2 72.9 7 Mexico ........................................................ 8.0 7.5 9.9 8.8 9.5 7.8 8.3  United States .............................................. 673.4 674.7 628.6 673.7 728.3 753.9 768.8 78

Central and South America ....................... 9.5 9.2 10.5 10.3 10.5 10.9 20.8 1

 Argentina .................................................... 7.1 6.9 7.5 7.1 6.7 6.0 6.5  Brazil ........................................................... 2.4 2.3 3.0 3.1 3.8 4.9 14.3 1

Europe 1 ....................................................... 849.2 891.0 902.8 897.7 911.3 914.9 944.1 95

 Belgium ....................................................... 39.3 41.2 45.0 43.9 46.6 45.7 44.0 4 Bulgaria ...................................................... 16.4 17.8 16.4 16.1 15.0 17.3 18.2 2 Czech Republic .......................................... 11.6 12.2 12.5 12.5 12.7 12.9 14.0 1 Finland ........................................................ 18.3 18.5 19.0 20.8 21.8 21.4 21.6 2 France ........................................................ 358.4 377.5 375.7 368.6 374.5 394.4 400.0 41 Germany ..................................................... 145.4 152.0 161.8 153.6 161.5 161.1 162.7 15 Hungary ...................................................... 13.3 13.5 13.3 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.4 1 Netherlands ................................................ 3.8 4.0 2.3 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8  Romania .................................................... — 0.9 5.1 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.0  Slovakia ...................................................... 10.9 11.3 10.5 10.8 12.5 15.7 16.2 1 Slovenia ...................................................... 4.6 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.5 5.0  Spain .......................................................... 52.7 53.5 52.5 56.0 55.9 59.1 60.5 5 Sweden ....................................................... 66.4 70.6 66.4 69.9 69.5 54.5 68.5 6 Switzerland ................................................. 23.7 23.9 24.1 24.5 24.5 25.1 25.5 2 United Kingdom .......................................... 84.5 89.9 93.2 94.5 90.4 80.8 85.4 8

Eurasia 2 ...................................................... 172.1 194.2 192.5 183.4 R189.7 R203.4 R209.8 R22

 Armenia ...................................................... 0.0 2.1 1.4 1.4 2.1 1.8 2.0  Kazakhstan ................................................. 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 (s) 0.0 0.0  Lithuania ..................................................... 10.6 12.7 10.9 12.9 R9.4 R8.0 R10.8 R1 Russia ......................................................... 94.3 103.3 104.5 98.3 110.9 122.5 125.4 13 Ukraine ....................................................... 67.0 76.0 75.4 70.6 67.4 71.1 71.7 7

Africa ........................................................... 11.3 11.8 12.6 13.6 12.8 13.0 10.7 1

 South Africa ................................................ 11.3 11.8 12.6 13.6 12.8 13.0 10.7 1

Asia and Oceania 1 ..................................... 393.6 415.0 436.5 460.8 461.2 476.8 481.3 47

 China .......................................................... 12.4 13.6 11.4 13.5 14.1 15.9 16.6 2 India ............................................................ 6.5 7.4 10.5 10.6 11.5 14.1 18.2 1 Japan .......................................................... 276.7 287.1 306.2 315.7 300.8 305.9 303.9 28 Pakistan ...................................................... 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.4 2.0  South Korea ................................................ 63.7 70.2 73.2 85.2 97.9 103.5 106.5 11 Taiwan ........................................................ 33.9 36.3 34.8 35.4 36.9 37.0 34.1 3

World ........................................................... 2,210.0 2,291.5 2,271.3 2,316.0 R2,393.1 R2,449.9 R2,516.7 R2,54

1 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary. 2 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

R=Revised. — = Not applicable. (s) = Less than 0.05 billion kilowatthours. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, "International En

2.7.
Figure 11.19 World Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption

World, 1995-2004 World by Region, 2004 Top Countries, 2004334 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

America 

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by 12/44.

2 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See ”U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.3 Includes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See ”U.S.S.R.” in Glossary.

Notes: • Data include carbon dioxide emissions from foss

natural gas venting and flaring. • Because vertical scales difcompared.

Source: Table 11.19.

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

05

1015202530

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide1 27.04 billion metric tons in 2004

and South

America

6.9

1.0

4.7

2.6

North Central Europe2 Eurasia3 

0369

12

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide1

5.9

4.7

1.7

1.3 1.1 0.9

0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 

United China Russia Japan India Germany Canada United South Italy Sou

0

1

2

34567

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide1

States Kingdom Korea Afric
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 11.19 World Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption, 1995-2004

 (Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide 1

)

Region and Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 200

North America ............................................. R6,117 R6,327 R6,436 R6,499 R6,577 R6,765 R6,675 R6,7

 Canada ....................................................... R505 516 541 544 R558 R568 R555 R5 Mexico ........................................................ 319 329 347 368 R360 380 R377 R3 United States 2 ........................................... R5,293 R5,480 R5,548 R5,585 R5,657 R5,816 R5,742 R5,7 Other ........................................................... 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

Central and South America ....................... 852 897 942 968 R976 991 1,017 R1,0

 Argentina .................................................... 119 129 129 135 139 137 127 R1 Brazil ........................................................... 288 305 323 322 334 345 350 3 Venezuela ................................................... 123 132 134 141 132 133 148 14 Other ........................................................... 321 330 355 370 R371 375 391 R3

Europe 3 ....................................................... 4,260 4,409 R4,425 R4,418 R4,359 R4,427 R4,488 R4,4

 Belgium ....................................................... 130 137 141 146 138 144 142 R1 France ........................................................ 373 388 382 407 401 400 403 R4 Germany ..................................................... 876 882 876 862 R832 R847 869 R84 Italy ............................................................. 428 420 420 437 437 444 442 R44 Netherlands ................................................ 221 226 237 239 236 249 275 2 Poland ........................................................ 306 342 334 R311 R324 290 R274 R2 Romania ..................................................... 123 125 119 100 91 92 101  Spain .......................................................... 240 236 263 274 296 314 320 R3 Turkey ......................................................... 152 167 R181 182 180 200 R183 R1 United Kingdom .......................................... 555 584 R561 557 550 551 R566 R5 Other ........................................................... 857 900 912 902 874 896 913 9

Eurasia 4 ...................................................... 2,469 R2,372 R2,211 R2,208 R2,288 R2,322 R2,309 R2,3

 Kazakhstan ................................................. 129 140 118 114 131 R141 R155 R1 Russia ......................................................... 1,591 1,570 1,457 1,463 1,536 R1,556 R1,546 R1,5 Ukraine ....................................................... 448 R363 R340 R330 R324 R323 R315 R3 Uzbekistan .................................................. 104 103 103 101 102 106 111 1 Other .......................................................... 197 196 192 200 194 196 182 1

Middle East ................................................ R900 R933 R987 R1,019 R1,060 R1,086 R1,121 R1,1

 Iran ........................................................... 260 261 288 292 315 318 332 R3 Saudi Arabia ............................................... 233 248 253 256 262 288 299 3 Other ...................................................... 406 R424 R445 R470 R484 480 R490 R5

Africa .......................................................... 817 835 860 R849 R858 R876 R910 R9

 Egypt .......................................................... 98 107 111 114 114 R119 131 R1 South Africa ................................................ 344 349 380 362 R369 R379 R388 R3 Other .......................................................... 375 R378 R368 R373 375 R378 391 R4

Asia and Oceania 3 ..................................... R6,619 R6,742 R7,050 R6,888 R7,076 R7,385 R7,601 R7,8

 Australia ...................................................... R285 R298 R327 R333 R351 R353 R367 R3 China .......................................................... R2,873 R2,902 R3,036 R2,938 R2,901 R3,031 R3,185 R3,3 India ............................................................ 867 830 873 R901 R935 R1,001 R1,019 R1,0 Indonesia .................................................... 213 235 245 239 263 275 R297 R3 Japan .......................................................... R1,076 R1,103 R1,141 R1,103 R1,149 R1,190 R1,170 R1,1 Malaysia ..................................................... 89 101 101 102 106 111 124 R1 South Korea ................................................ 393 R405 R436 R378 R426 R443 438 R4 Taiwan ........................................................ 181 195 207 219 220 248 245 2 Thailand ...................................................... 156 169 175 161 170 160 171 R1 Other .......................................................... 486 R504 R508 R513 R554 R573 R586 R6

World ......................................................... R22,034 R22,514 R22,909 R22,849 R23,193 R23,851 R24,121 R24,4

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44. For data in million metric tons carbon equivalent, see the "International Energy Annual 2004"(May-July 2006), Table H.1. 2 Data for the United States in this table differ from those in Table 12.1 due to: the inclusion ofemissions from bunker fuels consumption; the exclusion of emissions from geothermal power generation,cement production and other industrial processes, and municipal solid waste combustion; and the exclusionof data for the U.S. Territories. 3 Excludes countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R. See "U.S.S.R." in Glossary.

4 Includes only countries that were part of the former U.S.S.R

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • Data include carbon dioxide emissions from fossi

venting and flaring. • See Note 2, "World Carbon Dioxide Emisequal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration, "International En

H.1co2.
International Energy

Note 1. World Primary Energy Production. World primary energy productionincludes production of crude oil (including lease condensate), natural gas plantliquids, dry natural gas, and coal; and net electricity generation from nuclear electric

power, hydroelectric power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar, and wind. Data for theUnited States also include other renewable energy. Crude oil production is measured at the wellhead and includes lease condensate. Natural gas plant liquids areproducts obtained from processing natural gas at natural gas processing plants,including natural gas plants, cycling plants, and fractionators. Dry natural gasproduction is that amount of natural gas produced that is available to be marketedand consumed as a gas. Coal (anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite)production is the sum of sales, mine consumption, issues to miners, and issues tocoking, briquetting, and other ancillary plants at mines. Coal production data

include quantities extracted from surface and underground mines and normallyexclude wastes removed at mines or associated preparation plants. The data ongeneration of electricity from nuclear electric power, hydroelectric power, wood,waste, geothermal, solar, and wind include data reported on a net basis, thus excluding electricity that is generally used by the electric power plant for its own operating

purposes or electricity losses in the transformers that the station.Note 2. World Carbon Dioxide Emissions. In Tabide emissions include anthropogenic (human-caused) tion of petroleum, natural gas, and coal, and also flaring. They do not include carbon dioxide emisgeneration, cement production and other industrial pwaste combustion. Fossil-fuel consumption and natur

country have been reduced to account for the fraction the case of petroleum, for the fraction of sequestradioxide emissions have been determined by applyinto the adjusted consumption and flaring data. Carpetroleum and natural gas consumption and natura

Information Administration (EIA), Documentation 

Gases in the United States 2003 (May 2005), Table cients for coal consumption are from EIA, Emission

United States 1985-1990 (October 1993), Table 11.

336 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Environmental Indicator

12

“Harpers Ferry, Junction of the Rivers Shenandoah and Potomac.” Engraving by W. Goodacre and Jamand Topography of the United States of North America, by John Howard Hinton, 1852. From the collection ers Ferry National Historical Park, Accession #1297.
Figure 12.1 Emissions of Greenhouse Gases

By Type of Gas, 2004 Based on Global Warming Potential, by Type oBased on Global Warming Potential, 1980-2004 Change 1990-2004, Based on Global Warming 338 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by 12/44.2 Methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur

hexafluoride (SF6).

(s)=Less than 0.005 billion metric tons of gas.– = Not applicable because these gases cannot be summed in native units.

Notes: • HFCs=hydrofluorocarbons; PFCs=perfluorocarbo

• Emissions by type of gas should not be compared; for coglobal warming potential by type of gas. • Because verticacompared. 

Source: Table 12.1.

PFCs

SF6

Total

5.97

0.03 (s) –

Carbon Dioxide1 Methane Nitrous Oxide HFCs

0

1

2

34567

Billion Metric Tons of Gas

5.97

0.64

Carbon Dioxide1 Methane Nitro

0

1

2

34567

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

Other2

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0369

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide Equivalent +19 -11 +5 

Carbon Methane Nitrous 

-30 -150153045607590 -30

PercentCarbon Dioxide1

Dioxide 

Oxide
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.1 Emissions of Greenhouse Gases, 1980-2004

Year

Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse Gases, Based on Global Warmi

Carbon

Dioxide 2,3 Methane

Nitrous

Oxide

HFCs

PFCs

SF6

Carbon

Dioxide 2 Methane

Nitrous

Oxide

Million Metric Tons of Gas Million Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide Equi

1980 4,824.7 28.6 1.0 — 4,824.7 658.0 287.0 1981 4,704.3 29.2 1.0 — 4,704.3 671.1 292.0 1982 4,448.8 29.4 1.0 — 4,448.8 676.8 282.6 1983 4,408.0 29.1 0.9 — 4,408.0 669.9 270.2 1984 4,655.8 29.8 1.0 — 4,655.8 684.5 294.0 1985 4,638.3 30.0 1.1 — 4,638.3 689.7 330.7 1986 4,642.5 29.4 1.1 — 4,642.5 676.5 323.8 1987 4,800.2 29.9 1.1 — 4,800.2 688.3 323.4 1988 5,012.6 30.1 1.1 — 5,012.6 692.0 316.9 1989 5,105.8 30.2 1.1 — 5,105.8 693.8 332.8 1990 R5,002.3 R31.4 1.1 — R5,002.3 R721.4 R337.0 1991 R4,953.0 R31.3 R1.2 — R4,953.0 R720.7 R342.6 1992 R5,067.8 R31.5 R1.2 — R5,067.8 R723.6 R349.7 1993 R5,183.0 R30.4 1.2 — R5,183.0 R700.2 R349.5 1994 R5,259.0 R30.4 R1.3 — R5,259.0 R698.9 R374.5 1995 R5,312.1 R30.4 1.2 — R5,312.1 R699.9 R357.6 1996 R5,499.7 R29.4 1.2 — R5,499.7 R675.8 R358.0 1997 R5,563.0 R29.4 R1.2 — R5,563.0 R675.2 R349.1 1998 R5,598.1 R28.4 R1.2 — R5,598.1 R654.2 R348.8 1999 R5,677.9 R27.9 R1.2 — R5,677.9 R642.2 R347.1 2000 R5,845.5 R27.8 R1.2 — R5,845.5 R639.8 R343.5 2001 R5,785.5 R27.2 1.1 — R5,785.5 R625.8 R338.8 2002 R5,808.5 R27.2 1.1 — R5,808.5 R626.2 R335.1 2003 R5,871.8 R27.6 1.1 — R5,871.8 R633.9 R335.2 2004P 5,973.0 27.8 1.2 — 5,973.0 639.5 353.7 

1 Emissions of greenhouse gases are weighted based upon their relative global warming potential

(GWP), with carbon dioxide equal to a weight of one. The use of updated estimates of GWP resulted in anumber of revisions to previously published data. It is also important to note that revisions in estimatedemissions result from revisions in energy consumption as well.

2 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

3 Carbon dioxide data in this table differ from those for the United States in Table 11.19 due to: the

exclusion of emissions from international bunker fuels consumption; the inclusion of emissions fromgeothermal power generation, cement production and other industrial processes, and municipal solid wastecombustion; and the inclusion of data for the U.S. Territories.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. — = Not applicable because these gases cannot be summed in native units.

Notes: • HFCs = hydrofluorocarbons; PFCs = perfluoro

• Emissions are from anthropogenic sources. "Anthropogenicactivities, including emissions from agricultural activity and dosources, such as wetlands and wild animals, are not included. • estimation methods for greenhouse gases, data are frequently the latest findings of the international scientific community. • Toto independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: 1990 and 1996-2004: Energy Information Admi

Gases in the United States 2004 (December 2005), Tables ES1 of Greenhouse Gases in the United States, annual reports and u
Figure 12.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector

Total, 1980-2004 Economic Growth and Carbon Dioxide EmissioBy End-Use Sector, 1980-2004 By End-Use Sector, 2004340 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

2004: 5.9 Billion

Metric Tons

1990: 5.0 Billion

Metric Tons

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by 12/44. 2 Based on chained (2000) dollars. 3 Electric power sector emissions are allocated to end-

sector’s share of total electricity retail sales (see Table 8.9). Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be 

Sources: Tables 1.5 and 12.2.

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

1

2

3456

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide1

G

1980 1985 1990 1

0

255075

100125150175

Index 1990=100

1.9

1.7

Transportation3 Industrial3 Res

0.00.6

1.2

1.82.4

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide1 Industrial3 Transportation3

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0.00.6

1.2

1.82.4

Billion Metric Tons Carbon Dioxide1 Residential3 Commercial3
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector, 1980-2004

 (Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide 1

)

Year

End-Use Sectors

Residential Commercial 2 Industrial 3 Transportation

Primary 5 Total 6 Primary 5 Total 6 Primary 5 Total 6 Primary 5 Total 6 

1980 385.2 909.0 244.5 652.5 1,192.8 1,787.7 1,383.9 1,386.2 1981 360.8 877.8 225.8 652.2 1,123.3 1,714.2 1,369.4 1,371.7 1982 359.1 872.2 226.1 654.1 983.2 1,506.9 1,338.3 1,340.5 1983 340.4 866.4 225.7 660.5 923.2 1,466.7 1,343.0 1,345.3 1984 348.8 885.8 236.2 693.7 1,036.0 1,612.6 1,387.2 1,389.6 1985 351.4 899.7 217.9 694.0 990.0 1,567.6 1,406.3 1,408.9 1986 342.5 895.2 216.2 698.8 963.2 1,523.4 1,460.2 1,462.9 1987 345.8 921.9 220.0 724.6 1,004.3 1,585.6 1,504.4 1,506.9 1988 366.7 969.6 230.1 760.0 1,054.1 1,659.3 1,564.1 1,566.8 1989 371.6 994.8 229.9 788.5 1,045.4 1,682.3 1,581.5 1,584.3 1990 R339.5 R953.7 R223.5 R780.7 R1,063.7 R1,692.2 1,566.8 R1,569.9 1991 R346.3 R969.1 R225.0 R782.4 1,030.0 R1,646.9 1,546.8 R1,549.9 1992 R356.2 R970.6 R225.3 R783.3 1,088.8 R1,727.3 1,567.9 R1,571.0 1993 R372.2 R1,030.7 R223.1 R808.8 1,061.6 R1,708.5 R1,597.0 R1,600.2 1994 R363.6 R1,023.8 R225.5 R823.2 R1,078.1 R1,738.0 1,628.4 1,631.7 1995 R360.6 R1,030.7 R228.5 R841.1 1,085.0 R1,735.9 1,658.3 R1,661.5 1996 R388.9 R1,090.2 R237.2 R872.1 R1,121.2 R1,788.8 1,702.1 1,705.3 1997 R370.6 R1,082.0 R237.3 R916.1 1,121.5 R1,804.4 1,719.5 1,722.7 1998 R338.3 R1,088.5 R220.5 R934.1 R1,093.3 R1,791.2 1,754.6 1,757.9 1999 R358.7 R1,110.9 222.2 R947.3 R1,083.8 R1,779.1 1,802.7 1,806.0 2000 R377.5 R1,171.8 R233.5 R1,005.9 R1,071.3 R1,780.3 1,840.7 1,844.2 2001 R365.9 R1,168.3 R227.5 R1,026.2 R1,055.0 R1,698.4 R1,831.8 R1,835.5 2002 R366.8 R1,190.4 R228.0 1,019.8 R1,039.1 R1,671.0 R1,861.5 R1,864.9 2003 R381.2 R1,213.2 R237.3 R1,021.1 R1,027.1 R1,685.6 R1,871.1 R1,875.7 2004P 374.6 1,212.0 228.8 1,024.2 1,069.3 1,730.2 1,928.7 1,933.7 

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

2 Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial

electricity-only plants.

3 Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only

plants.

4 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public.

5 Carbon dioxide emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels. The electric power sector also has a

small amount of emissions from geothermal power generation and the combustion of the plasticscomponent of municipal solid waste.

6 In addition to "Primary" emissions, also includes emissions from energy consumption (for electricity

and a small amount of useful thermal output) in the electric 

end-use sectors in proportion to each sector’s share of total elec

7 The sum of "Primary" emissions in the five energy-use sec

the four end-use sectors.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Notes: • See Note 2, "Classification of Power Plants Into 

• Because of the continuing goal to improve estimation methods revised on an annual basis in keeping with the latest findings • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent 

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: 1990 and 1996-2004: Energy Information Admi

Gases in the United States 2004 (December 2005), Tables 7Greenhouse Gases in the United States, annual reports and unp
Figure 12.3 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector by Energy Sou

By End-Use Sector Total by Fuel By Petroleum ProductBy End-Use Sector and Source342 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

237

153

129

97

12

152

Motor Gasoline

Distillate Fuel Oil

Jet Fuel

Residual Fuel Oil

Petroleum Coke

Lubricants

0 300 

Million M

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by 12/44. 2 Emissions in the electric power sector are allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to

each sector’s share of total electricity retail sales (see Table 8.9). 3 Coal coke net imports, municipal solid waste, and geothermal.

4 Liquefied petroleum gases.5 Aviation gasoline, kerosene, and other products.6 Small amounts of coal consumed for transportation are re

Source: Table 12.3.

dential2

2,595

1,203

2,084

17

Petro- Natural Coal Other3

0

500

1,0001,5002,0002,5003,000

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide1 1,212 1,024 1,730 1,934

Resi- Com- Indus- Trans0

500

1,0001,5002,0002,500

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide1

mercial2 trial2 portation2 leum Gas

LPG4

837 795

661

1 8 

181

266

163

442

108 58

441

1,891

Residential2 Commercial2 Industrial2 

0

500

1,0001,5002,000

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide1Petroleum Natural Gas Coal Electric Power Sector Generation

Other

5
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.3 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector by Energy Source, 2

 (Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide 1

)

Energy Source

End-Use Sectors 

Residential Commercial 

2 Industrial 3 Transportation Total

 Petroleum .................................................. 108.0 57.9 440.6 1,891.3 2,497.8  Aviation Gasoline .................................... — — — 2.1 2.1  Distillate Fuel Oil ..................................... 68.4 36.4 85.4 428.2 618.4  Jet Fuel ................................................... — — — 237.4 237.4  Kerosene ................................................ 6.4 1.7 1.5 — 9.6  Liquefied Petroleum Gases .................... 33.3 5.9 56.6 0.8 96.7  Lubricants ............................................... — — 5.9 5 5.6 11.5  Motor Gasoline ....................................... — 3.3 22.4 1,162.6 1,188.3  Petroleum Coke ...................................... — — 110.0 — 110.0  Residual Fuel Oil .................................... — 10.6 18.9 54.6 84.0  Other ....................................................... — — 139.8 — 139.8  Natural Gas ............................................... 265.5 162.7 441.9 37.4 907.5  Coal ........................................................... 1.0 8.2 181.0 6 ( ) 190.3  Coal Coke Net Imports .............................. — — 5.8 — 5.8  Municipal Solid Waste 7 ............................. — — — — —  Geothermal ................................................ — — — — — 

Primary ........................................................ 374.6 228.8 1,069.3 1,928.7 3,601.4 

 Electric Power Sector Generation 8 ........... 837.3 795.4 660.9 5.0 2,298.6 

Total ............................................................. 1,212.0 1,024.2 1,730.2 1,933.7 5,899.9 

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

2 Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial

electricity-only plants.

3 Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only

plants.

4 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public.

5 Includes emissions from nonfuel use of lubricants. 6 Small amounts of coal consumed for transportation are reported as industrial sector consumption. 7 The plastics component of municipal solid waste.

8 Emissions from energy consumption (for electricity and a s

electric power sector are allocated to the end-use sectors in electricity retail sales (see Table 8.9).

— = Not applicable. Notes: • Data are preliminary estimates. • Emissions from 

manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels asource—i.e., petroleum, natural gas, or coal. • See Note Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 8. • Totals may not eqrounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSource: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Emissions 

2004 (December 2005), Tables 7-11 and unpublished revisions. 
Figure 12.4 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Consumption of Energy for All Purposes in the 

Sector, 2002

Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Top Industry Groups Carbon Dioxide EmisCarbon Dioxide Emissions per Unit of Primary Consumption, Top Industry Groups344 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by 12/44. 2 All other types of energy that respondents indicated were consumed or allocated.

3 Including allocated electricity losses.

Source: Table 12.4.

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide1

Emissions per Quadrillion Btu3

(23%)

(18%)

(14%)

311 305

213

102 95 91

46 44

Chemicals Petroleum Primary Paper Food Nonmetallic Transpor- Plastics

0

50

100150200250300350

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide1 

Coa

203

Petroleum

258

Natural Gas

326

and Coal

Products

Metals Mineral

Products

tation

Equipment

and Rubber

Products

laneous

Total E

1,401 million metr

68.9 68.2

62.6 62.3 62.1 61.6 61.2 61.1 60.8 60.7 60.4 60.1 59.7 59.6

Primary Nonmetallic Plastics Computer Textile Fabricated Printing Textile Machinery Miscel- Beverage Food Apparel Trans- 

0

20406080

All Manufacturing Industries: 49.6

and

Electronic

Products

portation

Equipmen

Metal Mills

Products

and

Related

Support

and

Tobacco

Products

and

 Rubber

Products

Metals Product

Mills

Mineral

Products
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.4 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Consumption of Energy for All Purposes in the Manu

 (Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide,1 Except as Noted)

NAICS 2

Code Major Group 

Carbon Dioxide Emissions 

Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Electricity 3 Other 4 Total 

 311 Food ................................................................................. 17.3 30.7 2.9 43.8 0.1 94.7  312 Beverage and Tobacco Products ..................................... 1.6 2.4 0.4 4.9 (s) 9.4  313 Textile Mills ....................................................................... 2.1 4.0 0.6 16.4 0.0 23.0  314 Textile Product Mills ......................................................... 0.7 1.5 0.3 3.2 0.0 5.8  315 Apparel ............................................................................. 0.0 0.8 0.1 2.3 0.0 3.2  316 Leather and Allied Products ............................................. 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.6  321 Wood Products ................................................................. 0.1 3.0 1.2 13.7 0.4 18.4  322 Paper ................................................................................ 22.5 26.6 10.0 42.4 0.8 102.4  323 Printing and Related Support ........................................... 0.0 2.4 0.1 9.5 0.0 12.0  324 Petroleum and Coal Products ........................................... 19.3 46.4 153.9 24.6 60.8 304.8  325 Chemicals ......................................................................... 32.8 106.2 70.2 99.4 2.4 311.0  326 Plastics and Rubber Products .......................................... 2.1 6.8 0.9 34.5 (s) 44.2  327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products ........................................... 30.1 22.3 11.4 26.8 0.4 91.1  331 Primary Metals .................................................................. 72.4 37.2 2.4 93.8 7.0 212.8  332 Fabricated Metal Products ................................................ 0.8 11.1 0.9 30.6 0.0 43.4  333 Machinery ......................................................................... 0.1 4.3 0.4 16.0 (s) 20.8  334 Computer and Electronic Products ................................... 0.0 3.4 0.2 24.9 (s) 28.5  335 Electrical Equipment, Appliances, and Components ........ 0.0 2.8 0.1 8.9 2.3 14.2  336 Transportation Equipment ................................................ 1.0 10.7 1.2 32.7 0.1 45.7  337 Furniture and Related Products ........................................ 0.1 1.3 0.1 4.6 0.1 6.3  339 Miscellaneous ................................................................... 0.0 1.7 0.1 6.7 0.0 8.5  — Total Manufacturing .......................................................... 202.8 325.9 257.6 540.7 74.2 1,401.2 

1 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

2 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 3 Carbon dioxide emitted from energy inputs used to produce electricity (including associated losses),

derived by calculating the manufacturing subsector share of the electric power sector’s total carbon dioxideemissions based upon the weighted share of electricity retail sales to (receipts by) the manufacturingsubsector.

4 Includes all other types of energy that respondents indicated were consumed or allocated, such as

asphalt and road oil, lubricants, naphtha < 401° F, other oils >= 401° F, special naphthas, waxes, andmiscellaneous nonfuel products, which are nonfuel products assigned to the petroleum refining industrygroup (NAICS 324110).

5 Data are in million metric tons of carbon dioxide per quadrillion Btu of energy (including allocated

electricity losses).

6 Data are in metric tons of carbon dioxide per million chained (2000) dollars.

(s)=Less than 0.05 million metric tons. Notes: • Data are estimates for the first use of energy for 

material inputs. "First use" is the consumption of energy thproduced onsite from input materials not classified as energy. Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) consumption data have bhave been computed. The revisions would likely not have a disElectricity was converted from point-of-use to primary electricity 2.2 for manufacturing energy use. • Totals may not equal rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-846, 

Survey," Form EIA-810, "Monthly Refinery Report" (for 200Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2003 (May 2005).
Figure 12.5 Methane Emissions

Total, 1980-2004 By Source, 2004Energy Sources by Type 1980-2004 Agricultural Sources by Major Type, 1980-2004346 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Methane emitted as a product of digestion in animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats,

and camels. 

Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 12.5.

Sources Management 

So

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

10203040

Million Metric Tons of Methane 31.4 in 1990

11.1

8.6

Energy Waste Agric

0369

12

Million Metric Tons of Methane 27.8 in 2004

Stationary Combustion

Animal Wa

Rice Cultiv

Natural Gas Systems

Coal Mining

Mobile Combustion

Enteric Fermentation

Petroleum Systems

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

2

468

Million Metric Tons of Methane

1980 1985 1990 19

0

2

468

Million Metric Tons of Methane
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.5 Methane Emissions, 1980-2004

 (Million Metric Tons of Methane)

Year

Energy Sources Waste Management Agricultural Sources

Coal

Mining

Natural

Gas

Systems 1

Petroleum

Systems 2

Mobile

Combustion 3

Stationary

Combustion 4 Total Landfills

Wastewater

Treatment Total

Enteric

Fermentation 5 Animal Waste Rice Cultivation

Crop

Residue

Burning 

1980 3.05 4.25 NA 0.28 0.81 8.39 10.52 0.53 11.05 5.47 3.04 0.48 0.04 1981 2.80 4.86 NA 0.27 0.82 8.75 10.71 0.53 11.24 5.56 2.90 0.54 0.05 1982 3.23 4.89 NA 0.27 0.88 9.26 10.72 0.54 11.26 5.50 2.80 0.47 0.05 1983 3.02 4.85 NA 0.27 0.86 9.00 10.81 0.54 11.36 5.46 2.85 0.31 0.03 1984 3.60 4.95 NA 0.27 0.86 9.68 10.87 0.55 11.41 5.33 2.77 0.40 0.04 1985 3.88 5.00 NA 0.26 0.84 9.98 10.90 0.55 11.45 5.27 2.77 0.36 0.05 1986 3.73 4.88 NA 0.26 0.82 9.69 10.84 0.56 11.40 5.13 2.71 0.34 0.04 1987 4.01 4.98 NA 0.25 0.80 10.04 11.00 0.56 11.56 5.08 2.76 0.33 0.04 1988 3.93 5.13 NA 0.25 0.83 10.14 10.94 0.57 11.51 5.10 2.77 0.41 0.03 1989 3.96 5.29 NA 0.25 0.86 10.36 10.93 0.57 11.51 5.08 2.68 0.38 0.04 1990 4.25 5.60 1.30 0.24 0.56 11.96 R11.17 0.58 R11.75 R5.20 R1.89 0.40 R0.04 1991 4.10 5.83 1.31 0.24 0.59 12.06 R10.98 R0.59 R11.57 R5.17 R1.99 0.40 0.04 1992 4.05 5.89 1.27 0.23 0.62 12.06 R10.90 0.59 R11.49 R5.28 R2.01 0.45 0.05 1993 3.44 5.88 1.21 0.23 0.54 11.29 R10.69 0.60 R11.29 R5.22 R2.07 0.41 0.04 1994 3.51 5.89 1.18 0.22 0.53 11.33 R10.31 R0.61 R10.92 R5.33 R2.15 0.48 0.05 1995 3.66 5.98 1.17 0.22 0.58 11.62 R10.00 R0.62 R10.62 R5.41 R2.17 0.44 0.04 1996 3.19 6.00 1.15 0.22 0.58 11.14 R9.56 R0.62 R10.18 R5.30 R2.16 0.41 0.05 1997 3.50 6.27 1.14 0.22 0.44 11.57 R9.05 R0.63 R9.68 R5.18 R2.29 0.45 0.05 1998 R3.29 6.26 1.11 0.21 0.39 11.25 R8.48 R0.64 R9.12 R5.10 R2.33 0.47 0.05 1999 3.12 6.27 1.04 0.21 0.42 11.06 R8.15 R0.65 R8.79 R5.10 R2.29 0.50 0.05 2000 2.98 6.57 1.03 R0.21 0.44 11.22 R7.97 0.65 R8.62 5.06 R2.29 R0.44 0.05 2001 2.96 6.39 1.03 0.20 R0.38 R10.96 R7.64 0.66 R8.30 R5.01 R2.32 0.47 0.05 2002 2.81 R6.70 1.02 0.20 R0.33 R11.06 R7.54 0.67 R8.20 R5.03 R2.33 R0.45 0.05 2003 R2.92 R6.66 R1.01 0.19 R0.37 R11.15 R7.74 0.67 R8.42 R5.05 R2.36 R0.43 0.05 2004P 2.96 6.64 1.01 0.19 0.35 11.14 7.94 0.68 8.62 5.01 2.38 0.48 0.06 

1 Natural gas production, processing, and distribution. 2 Petroleum production, refining, and distribution. 3 Emissions from passenger cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, and other transport. 4 Consumption of coal, petroleum, natural gas, and wood for heat or electricity. 5 Methane emitted as a product of digestion in animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and

camels.

6 Chemical production, and iron and steel production.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. NA=Not available. Notes: • Emissions are from anthropogenic sources. "Anthropogenic" means produced as the result of

human activities, including emissions from agricultural activity and domestic livestock. Emissions from

natural sources, such as wetlands and wild animals, are not incl

may be produced via anaerobic decomposition of organic matpaddies. • Because of the continuing goal to improve estimatiofrequently revised on an annual basis in keeping with the lacommunity. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to i

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: 1990 and 1996-2004: Energy Information Admi

Gases in the United States 2004 (December 2005), Table 1Greenhouse Gases in the United States, annual reports and unp
Figure 12.6 Nitrous Oxide Emissions

Total, 1980- 2004 By Source, 2004Energy Sources by Type, 1980-2004 Agricultural Sources by Major Type, 1980-2004348 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

1 Emissions from passenger cars and trucks; air, rail, and marine transportation; and farm and

construction equipment.

2 Consumption of coal, petroleum, natural gas, and wood for heat or electricity.

Notes: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Source: Table 12.6.

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0.00.30.60.9

1.2

1.5

Million Metric Tons of Nitrous Oxide

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

0

50

100150200

Thousand Metric Tons of Nitrous Oxide

896

231

Agricultural Energy Ind

0

200400600800

1,000

Thousand Metric Tons of Nitrous Oxide 1.1 in 1990 1.2 in 2004

Stationary Combustion2

Sources 

Sources Pro

Mobile Combustion1

Solid Waste of Do

Nitrogen Fert

1980 1985 1990 1

0

200400600800

Thousand Metric Tons of Nitrous Oxide
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.6 Nitrous Oxide Emissions, 1980-2004

 (Thousand Metric Tons of Nitrous Oxide)

Year

Energy Sources Waste Management Agricultural Sources

Mobile

Combustion 1

Stationary

Combustion 2 Total

Waste

Combustion

Human

Sewage in

Wastewater Total

Nitrogen

Fertilization

of Soils

Crop

Residue

Burning

Solid Waste

of Domesticated

Animals Tot

1980 60 43 102 (s) 13 13 499 1 265 71981 63 42 105 (s) 13 14 515 2 267 71982 67 40 107 (s) 13 14 486 2 266 71983 71 41 112 (s) 14 14 441 1 265 71984 86 43 130 (s) 14 14 500 2 260 71985 98 43 141 (s) 15 15 619 2 252 81986 107 43 150 (s) 15 15 597 2 244 841987 120 44 164 1 15 16 582 1 238 81988 138 46 183 1 15 16 539 1 235 71989 146 46 192 (s) 15 16 586 2 229 81990 139 45 R184 1 16 16 R631 2 209 R841991 147 R45 192 1 16 17 R637 2 211 R841992 153 45 198 1 16 17 R656 2 213 R81993 159 46 205 1 R17 17 R640 1 216 R81994 165 R47 212 1 17 18 R704 2 219 R91995 R176 47 R223 1 17 18 R633 2 222 R81996 R182 49 R231 1 17 18 R622 2 220 R841997 R177 49 R227 1 R18 18 R643 2 216 R81998 R183 R49 R232 1 18 R19 R655 2 212 R81999 R183 R50 R233 1 R19 19 R651 2 211 R82000 R183 R51 R234 1 19 20 R640 2 209 R82001 R180 49 R229 1 19 20 R639 2 208 R842002 R179 R48 R227 1 19 20 R625 2 207 R82003 R179 R49 228 1 19 20 R630 2 205 R82004P 182 50 231 1 20 20 690 2 204 8

1 Emissions from passenger cars and trucks; air, rail, and marine transportation; and farm and

construction equipment.

2 Consumption of coal, petroleum, natural gas, and wood for heat or electricity. 3 Adipic acid production (primarily for the manufacture of nylon fibers and plastics), and nitric acid

production (primarily for fertilizers).

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. (s)=Less than 0.5 thousand metric tons. Notes: • Emissions are from anthropogenic sources. "Anthropogenic" means produced as the result of

human activities, including emissions from agricultural activity and domestic livestock. Emissions fromnatural sources, such as wetlands and wild animals, are not included. • Under certain conditions, methane

may be produced via anaerobic decomposition of organic mat

paddies. • Because of the continuing goal to improve estimatiofrequently revised on an annual basis in keeping with the lacommunity. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to i

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: 1990 and 1996-2004: Energy Information Admi

Gases in the United States 2004 (December 2005), Table 2Greenhouse Gases in the United States, annual reports and unp
Figure 12.7 Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful The

Emissions by Type of Generating Unit, 2004

Emissions by Sector, 1989-2004

350 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

 10.4

 0.7

 (s)

 0.3

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Million Short Tons of Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur Dioxide

1 For carbon dioxide: municipal solid waste (only the estimated plastics portion of municipal

solid waste is included) and geothermal. For sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides: blast furnace

gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels; wood,black liquor, and other wood waste; municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass; and chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, sulfur, and tar coal.

2 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric 

plying by 12/44. 3 Includes Commercial Sector.

(s)=Less than 0.05 million short tons.Note: Because vertical scales differ, graphs should not be Sources: Tables 12.7a-12.7c.

 1,952.6

 112.6

 364.9

 14.3

Coal

Petroleum

Natural Gas

Other1

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide2

Carbon Dioxide

 0.2

 0.3

 0.2

01

Million Short T

Nitrogen Oxides

1992 1996 2000 2004

06

12

18

Million Short Tons of Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur Dioxide

1992 

0

2

468

10

Million Short Tons of Nitrogen Oxides

Nitrogen Oxides

Total3

Total3

Electric Power Sector

Industrial Sector

Electric Pow

Sector

Industrial Sector

Total3

Electric Power

Sector

Industrial 

1992 1996 2000 2004

0.00.71.4

2.1

2.8

Billion Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide2

Carbon Dioxide
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.7a Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal 

 Total (All Sectors), 1989-2004 (Sum of Tables 12.7b and 12.7c)

Year

Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide 

Coal 1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3 MSW 4

Geothermal 5 Total Coal 1 Petroleum 2 Natural Gas 3 Other 6 Total Coal 1 Petroleu

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide 7 Thousand Short Tons of Sulfur Dioxide Thousand 

1989 1,563.4 154.9 222.6 3.0 0.4 1,944.1 15,949 1,085 1 43 17,079 8,026 296 1990 1,569.0 121.3 235.0 3.6 0.4 1,929.3 15,742 1,033 1 268 17,043 7,847 229 1991 1,579.3 111.5 239.2 2.3 0.4 1,932.7 15,696 943 1 271 16,912 7,836 213 1992 1,601.9 97.0 249.5 2.7 0.4 1,951.4 15,499 776 1 291 16,568 7,688 175 1993 1,670.9 108.4 251.7 2.7 0.4 2,034.2 15,259 938 1 299 16,497 7,964 191 1994 1,679.3 103.0 278.2 2.9 0.4 2,063.8 14,769 875 1 307 15,953 7,722 176 1995 1,699.2 77.1 300.0 3.1 0.3 2,079.8 12,133 676 2 303 13,113 7,755 135 1996 1,789.5 83.9 278.4 3.2 0.4 2,155.5 13,034 878 3 312 14,226 6,036 164 1997 1,834.4 93.1 292.1 3.4 0.4 2,223.3 13,689 949 2 264 14,904 6,050 177 1998 1,860.6 123.3 325.5 3.3 0.4 2,313.0 12,569 1,065 2 153 13,789 5,800 253 1999 1,868.1 114.9 339.9 3.3 0.4 2,326.6 12,408 1,054 7 248 13,717 5,294 232 2000 1,960.0 106.0 359.9 3.1 0.4 2,429.4 11,338 866 3 246 12,453 4,944 193 2001 1,896.7 114.4 364.9 3.2 0.4 2,379.6 10,932 937 5 214 12,088 4,595 211 2002 R1,913.6 R89.8 R376.7 R14.8 0.4 R2,395.2 10,672 673 3 244 11,591 4,455 147 2003 R1,948.1 R110.5 R343.1 R13.8 0.4 R2,415.8 R10,678 R792 R2 R259 R11,732 R4,055 R208 2004 1,952.6 112.6 364.9 14.0 0.4 2,444.4 10,402 698 2 259 11,362 3,692 200 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and synthetic coal. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Municipal solid waste (only the estimated plastics portion of municipal solid waste is included) and

tire-derived fuel. 5 Carbon dioxide in geothermal steam. 6 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels;wood, black liquor, and other wood waste; municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires,agricultural byproducts, and other biomass; and chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, sulfur, and tar coal.

7 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

R=Revised. Notes: • Data are for emissions from energy consumption f

output. • A revised estimation methodology is being used for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides beginning in 2003. Earlier Annual 2005. • See "Useful Thermal Output" in Glossary. • Toto independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Tables 12.7b and 12.7c.
352 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table 12.7b Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal 

 Electric Power Sector, 1989-2004 (Subset of Table 12.7a)

Year

Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide 

Coal 1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3 MSW 4

Geothermal 5 Total Coal 1 Petroleum 2 Natural Gas 3 Other 6 Total Coal 1 Petroleu

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide 7 Thousand Short Tons of Sulfur Dioxide Thousand 

1989 1,505.5 141.5 171.5 2.6 0.4 1,821.4 15,229 893 1 8 16,130 7,777 271 1990 1,507.1 102.1 175.3 3.1 0.4 1,787.9 14,965 692 1 14 15,672 7,582 193 1991 1,519.1 94.2 178.7 2.0 0.4 1,794.4 14,981 684 1 16 15,682 7,590 182 1992 1,538.9 78.4 185.9 2.3 0.4 1,805.8 14,743 616 1 13 15,373 7,440 141 1993 1,606.6 89.4 187.2 2.3 0.4 1,885.9 14,476 810 1 14 15,302 7,712 157 1994 1,613.8 84.0 210.3 2.5 0.4 1,911.1 13,994 733 1 12 14,741 7,470 141 1995 1,633.9 60.3 227.5 2.7 0.3 1,924.8 11,377 527 1 11 11,917 7,501 104 1996 1,723.5 65.4 204.2 2.6 0.4 1,996.1 12,266 601 2 11 12,881 5,784 131 1997 1,768.3 74.3 218.1 2.7 0.4 2,063.9 12,874 692 2 14 13,582 5,796 141 1998 1,797.6 104.4 247.1 2.7 0.4 2,152.1 12,161 926 2 11 13,099 5,561 220 1999 1,805.8 96.8 259.1 2.7 0.4 2,164.7 11,844 832 7 10 12,692 5,067 198 2000 1,897.7 91.0 279.9 2.6 0.4 2,271.6 10,770 696 3 7 11,476 4,724 167 2001 1,839.4 100.6 289.4 2.7 0.4 2,232.5 10,252 780 5 9 11,045 4,372 186 2002 R1,854.6 R77.9 R305.6 R12.6 0.4 R2,251.1 10,040 499 2 11 10,553 4,244 124 2003 R1,892.4 R97.1 R277.6 R11.3 0.4 R2,278.8 R10,204 R640 R2 R14 R10,859 R3,907 R181 2004 1,893.9 97.4 295.9 11.0 0.4 2,298.5 9,909 538 2 9 10,458 3,555 172 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and synthetic coal. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Municipal solid waste (only the estimated plastics portion of municipal solid waste is included) and

tire-derived fuel. 5 Carbon dioxide in geothermal steam. 6 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels;wood, black liquor, and other wood waste; municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires,agricultural byproducts, and other biomass; and chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, sulfur, and tar coal.

7 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

R=Revised. Notes: • Data are for emissions from energy consumption for electricity generation and useful thermal

output. • A revised estimation methodology is being used for carbon dioxide beginning in 2002, and forsulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides beginning in 2003. Earlier years will be revised in the Electric Power

Annual 2005. • The electric power sector comprises electricity

plants within the NAICS (North American Industry Classificabusiness is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the publindustrial CHP and electricity-only data. • See Note 2, "ClasSectors," at end of Section 8. • See "Useful Thermal Output" in components due to independent rounding.

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Carbon Dioxide: • 1989-1997—Energy Inform

"Monthly Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-867, "Ann• 1998-2000—EIA, Form EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant RepGenerator Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form Eforward—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form Report." Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides: EIA, Form EIADesign Report." Data were adjusted by the Environmental Monitoring System.
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.7c Emissions From Energy Consumption for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal 

 Commercial and Industrial Sectors, 1989-2004 (Subset of Table 12.7a)

Year

Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide 

Coal 1 Petroleum 2

Natural

Gas 3 MSW 4

Geothermal 5 Total Coal 1 Petroleum 2 Natural Gas 3 Other 6 Total Coal 1 Petroleu

Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide 7 Thousand Short Tons of Sulfur Dioxide Thousand 

Commercial Sector 8

1989 2.4 0.9 1.6 0.2 — 5.2 41 6 (s) 1 48 10 2 1990 2.6 0.9 2.5 0.3 — 6.3 43 5 (s) 1 49 11 1 1991 2.7 0.6 2.8 0.3 — 6.4 35 3 (s) 1 39 11 1 1992 2.5 0.6 3.4 0.4 — 6.8 35 3 (s) 1 39 11 1 1993 3.0 0.7 3.5 0.4 — 7.5 44 4 (s) 1 48 13 1 1994 2.9 0.7 3.9 0.4 — 7.9 43 3 (s) (s) 47 13 1 1995 3.1 0.6 4.2 0.4 — 8.2 43 2 (s) (s) 46 13 1 1996 3.6 0.6 4.5 0.6 — 9.2 48 2 (s) 1 51 16 1 1997 3.8 0.7 4.7 0.6 — 9.9 62 4 (s) 3 69 17 1 1998 3.3 0.8 4.8 0.6 — 9.5 36 4 (s) 2 42 14 1 1999 3.4 0.7 4.5 0.6 — 9.3 51 3 (s) (s) 54 15 1 2000 3.6 0.7 4.6 0.5 — 9.4 47 3 (s) 1 51 14 1 2001 3.3 0.8 4.3 0.4 — 8.8 45 3 (s) 1 49 13 1 2002 3.0 R0.6 4.0 R1.5 — R9.1 41 2 (s) 1 43 12 1 2003 3.9 0.7 R3.2 R1.7 — R9.4 R35 3 (s) R2 R40 12 1 2004 4.0 0.9 3.9 1.9 — 10.7 36 4 (s) 2 41 12 1 

Industrial Sector 9

1989 55.5 12.5 49.5 0.1 — 117.5 679 186 (s) 35 901 241 24 1990 59.4 18.3 57.2 0.2 — 135.0 734 335 (s) 252 1,322 257 34 1991 57.6 16.7 57.6 (s) — 132.0 681 256 (s) 254 1,191 237 30 1992 60.4 18.1 60.2 (s) — 138.8 722 157 (s) 277 1,156 240 32 1993 61.3 18.3 61.1 (s) — 140.8 739 124 (s) 283 1,147 241 32 1994 62.6 18.3 64.0 (s) — 144.9 732 139 (s) 294 1,165 242 33 1995 62.3 16.2 68.3 (s) — 146.8 713 146 (s) 291 1,150 243 30 1996 62.4 18.0 69.8 (s) — 150.2 720 273 (s) 300 1,294 238 33 1997 62.2 18.1 69.3 (s) — 149.6 753 253 (s) 247 1,253 238 35 1998 59.7 18.1 73.6 (s) — 151.4 372 135 (s) 140 648 225 32 1999 58.9 17.4 76.3 (s) — 152.6 514 219 (s) 237 971 214 32 2000 58.8 14.2 75.4 (s) — 148.4 520 167 (s) 239 927 208 24 2001 54.0 12.9 71.3 0.1 — 138.3 635 154 (s) 205 995 211 24 2002 R56.0 R11.4 R67.1 R0.6 — R135.1 591 172 (s) 232 995 200 23 2003 51.8 R12.8 R62.2 R0.8 — R127.6 R440 R149 (s) R244 R833 R136 R26 2004 54.8 14.3 65.2 1.0 — 135.2 458 156 (s) 249 863 125 27 

1 Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and synthetic coal. 2 Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum, and waste oil. 3 Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that cannot be identified separately. 4 Municipal solid waste (only the estimated plastics portion of municipal solid waste is included) and

tire-derived fuel. 5 Carbon dioxide in geothermal steam. 6 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels;wood, black liquor, and other wood waste; municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, tires,agricultural byproducts, and other biomass; and chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, sulfur, and tar coal.

7 Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon equivalent by multiplying by

12/44.

8 Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants. 9 Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.

R=Revised. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less than 0.05 million metric tons or less than 500 short tons.

Notes: • Data are for emissions from energy consumption f

output. • A revised estimation methodology is being used for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides beginning in 2003. Earlier Annual 2005. • See Table 12.7b for electric power sector datPlants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 8. • See "Usmay not equal sums of components due to independent rounding

Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.goSources: Carbon Dioxide: • 1989-1997—Energy Inform

"Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." • 1998-2000Generator Report—Nonutility." • 2001-2003—EIA, Form Eforward—EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form Report." Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides: EIA, Form EIADesign Report." Data were adjusted by the Environmental Monitoring System.
Figure 12.8 Installed Nameplate Capacity of Steam-Electric Generators With Environmental 

By Fuel and Equipment Type, 2004Total Units by Equipment Type, 1985-2004 Coal Units by Equipment Type, Petroleum and Natural 

1985-2004 by Equipment Type, 19

354 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Coal Units Petroleum and Natur

Particulate Collectors1

Thousand Megawatts

329

158

101

27

57

Particulate Collectors Cooling Towers Scrubbers Particulate Collectors Cooling Towe

0

50

100150200250300350

1985 1990 1995 2000

0

100200300400

Thousand Megawatts

Particulate Collectors1

Cooling Towers1

Scrubbers1

Particulate Colle

Scrubbers1

Cooling Towers1

Cooling Towers1

(s)=Less than 0.5 thousand megawatts.1 Through 2000, data are for electric utility plants with fossil-fueled steam-electric capacity of

100 megawatts or greater. Beginning in 2001, data are for electric utility and unregulatedgenerating plants (independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial plants) in

operating or standby status, with fossil-fueled steam-elec

greater.

Notes: • Components are not additive because some ge

one category. • Because vertical scales differ, graphs shoul

Source: Table 12.8.

1985 1990 1995 2000

0

100200300400

Thousand Megawatts

1985 1990 

0

204060

Thousand Megawatts
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table 12.8 Installed Nameplate Capacity of Steam-Electric Generators With Environmental Equipm

 (Megawatts)

Year

Coal Petroleum and Natural Gas 

Particulate

Collectors

Cooling

Towers Scrubbers Total 1

Particulate

Collectors

Cooling

Towers Scrubbers Total 1

Particulate

Collectors

Cooling

Towers 

1985 302,056 120,591 56,955 304,706 36,054 28,895 65 62,371 338,110 149,486 1986 308,566 126,731 63,735 311,217 34,258 27,919 65 59,618 342,825 154,650 1987 311,043 127,875 65,688 312,885 33,431 27,912 65 58,783 344,474 155,786 1988 311,776 129,366 67,156 313,618 34,063 27,434 65 58,937 345,839 156,800 1989 313,680 131,701 67,469 315,521 33,975 28,386 65 59,736 347,655 160,087 1990 315,681 134,199 69,057 317,522 33,639 28,359 65 59,372 349,319 162,557 1991 319,046 135,565 70,474 319,110 33,864 29,067 260 59,773 352,910 164,632 1992 319,856 136,266 71,336 319,918 33,509 28,764 195 59,116 353,365 165,030 1993 318,188 135,885 71,106 318,251 32,620 28,922 0 58,580 350,808 164,807 1994 319,485 137,266 80,617 319,776 31,695 28,186 0 57,123 351,180 165,452 1995 320,685 138,108 84,677 320,749 30,513 27,187 0 54,942 351,198 165,295 1996 321,805 139,065 85,842 321,869 30,349 27,685 0 55,275 352,154 166,749 1997 320,646 138,120 86,605 320,710 31,422 28,766 0 56,485 352,068 166,886 1998 321,082 139,082 87,783 321,353 30,708 27,814 0 55,764 351,790 166,896 1999 324,109 146,377 89,666 331,379 29,371 29,142 0 55,812 353,480 175,520 2000 321,636 146,093 89,675 328,741 31,090 29,427 0 57,697 352,727 175,520 20012 329,187 154,747 97,804 329,187 31,575 34,649 184 61,634 360,762 189,396 2002 329,459 154,750 98,363 329,459 29,879 45,920 310 72,008 359,338 200,670 2003 328,587 155,158 99,257 328,587 29,422 55,770 310 81,493 358,009 210,928 2004P 328,506 157,968 101,182 328,506 27,402 57,082 310 81,450 355,782 214,989 

1 Components are not additive because some generators are included in more than one category. 2 Through 2000, data are for electric utility plants with fossil-fueled steam-electric capacity of 100

megawatts or greater. Beginning in 2001, data are for electric utility and unregulated generating plants(independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial plants) in operating or standby status,with fossil-fueled steam-electric capacity of 100 megawatts or greater.

P=Preliminary. Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.govSources: • 1985-1992—Energy Information Administration (E

Operation and Design Report." • 1993 forward—EIA, Electric Po5.2, and EIA, Form EIA-767, "Steam-Electric Plant Operation and 

Using Thermal Conversion Factors

The thermal conversion factors presented in the following tables can be used to estimate the heat content in British thermal units (Btu) of a given amount of energymeasured in physical units, such as barrels or cubic feet. For example, 10 barrels ofasphalt has a heat content of approximately 66.36 million Btu (10 barrels x 6.636million Btu per barrel = 66.36 million Btu).The heat content rates (i.e., thermal conversion factors) provided in this sectionrepresent the gross (or higher or upper) energy content of the fuels. Gross heatcontent rates are applied in all Btu calculations for the Annual Energy Review andare commonly used in energy calculations in the United States; net (or lower) heatcontent rates are typically used in European energy calculations. The differencebetween the two rates is the amount of energy that is consumed to vaporize waterthat is created during the combustion process. Generally, the difference ranges from2 percent to 10 percent, depending on the specific fuel and its hydrogen content.Some fuels, such as unseasoned wood, can be more than 40 percent different intheir gross and net heat content rates. See “Heat Content” and “British thermal unit(Btu)” in the Glossary for more information.Thermal conversion factors for hydrocarbon mixes (Table A1) are weighted averages of the thermal conversion factors for each hydrocarbon included in the mix.For example, in calculating the thermal conversion factor for a 60-40 butanepropane mixture, the thermal conversion factor for butane is weighted 1.5 times thethermal conversion factor for propane.In general, the annual thermal conversion factors presented in Tables A2 throughA6 are computed from final annual data or from the best available data and arelabeled “preliminary.” Often, the previous year’s factor is used as the preliminaryvalue until data become available to calculate the factor appropriate to the year. Thesource of each factor is described in the section entitled “Thermal ConversionFactor Source Documentation,” which follows Table A6 in this appendix.

Sources: See “Thermal Conversion Factor Source DocumenWeb Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.1See Table A3 for motor gasoline annual weighted averages 

 2Fuel ethanol, which is derived from agricultural feedstocks 

 duct but is blended into motor gasoline.

Miscellaneous .............................

Waxes ..................................Unfractionated Stream ........................Unfinished Oils ............................Still Gas .................................Special Naphthas ...........................Road Oil .................................Residual Fuel Oil ...........................Propane .................................Plant Condensate ...........................Petroleum Coke ............................

Still Gas ..............................Other Oils equal to or greater than 401° F .........Naphtha less than 401° F ....................

Petrochemical FeedstocksPentanes Plus ..............................

Natural Gasoline ............................

Fuel Ethanol 

2 ...........................

Reformulated 

1 ...........................

Oxygenated 

1 ............................

Conventional 

1 ...........................

Motor GasolineLubricants ................................

Kerosene ................................Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Type ........................Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type .......................Isobutane ................................Ethane-Propane Mixture (70 percent-30 percent) ........Ethane ..................................Distillate Fuel Oil ...........................Butane-Propane Mixture (60 percent-40 percent) .......Butane ..................................Aviation Gasoline ...........................Asphalt .................................

Table A1. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleu

(Million Btu per Barrel)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Appendix A

Thermal Conversion Factors
358 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table A2. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Production, Imports, and Exports, Selected Years, 194

 (Million Btu per Barrel)

Year

Production Imports Exports

Crude Oil

Natural Gas

Plant Liquids Crude Oil

Petroleum

Products Total Crude Oil

Petroleum

Products 

1949 5.800 4.544 5.952 6.261 6.059 5.800 5.651 1950 5.800 4.522 5.943 6.263 6.080 5.800 5.751 1955 5.800 4.406 5.924 6.234 6.040 5.800 5.765 1960 5.800 4.295 5.911 6.161 6.021 5.800 5.835 1965 5.800 4.264 5.872 6.123 5.997 5.800 5.742 1970 5.800 4.146 5.822 6.088 5.985 5.800 5.811 1971 5.800 4.117 5.824 6.062 5.961 5.800 5.775 1972 5.800 4.070 5.809 6.045 5.935 5.800 5.741 1973 5.800 4.049 5.817 5.983 5.897 5.800 5.752 1974 5.800 4.011 5.827 5.959 5.884 5.800 5.773 1975 5.800 3.984 5.821 5.935 5.858 5.800 5.747 1976 5.800 3.964 5.808 5.980 5.856 5.800 5.743 1977 5.800 3.941 5.810 5.908 5.834 5.800 5.796 1978 5.800 3.925 5.802 5.955 5.839 5.800 5.814 1979 5.800 3.955 5.810 5.811 5.810 5.800 5.864 1980 5.800 3.914 5.812 5.748 5.796 5.800 5.841 1981 5.800 3.930 5.818 5.659 5.775 5.800 5.837 1982 5.800 3.872 5.826 5.664 5.775 5.800 5.829 1983 5.800 3.839 5.825 5.677 5.774 5.800 5.800 1984 5.800 3.812 5.823 5.613 5.745 5.800 5.867 1985 5.800 3.815 5.832 5.572 5.736 5.800 5.819 1986 5.800 3.797 5.903 5.624 5.808 5.800 5.839 1987 5.800 3.804 5.901 5.599 5.820 5.800 5.860 1988 5.800 3.800 5.900 5.618 5.820 5.800 5.842 1989 5.800 3.826 5.906 5.641 5.833 5.800 5.869 1990 5.800 3.822 5.934 5.614 5.849 5.800 5.838 1991 5.800 3.807 5.948 5.636 5.873 5.800 5.827 1992 5.800 3.804 5.953 5.623 5.877 5.800 5.774 1993 5.800 3.801 5.954 5.620 5.883 5.800 5.777 1994 5.800 3.794 5.950 5.534 5.861 5.800 5.777 1995 5.800 3.796 5.938 5.483 5.855 5.800 5.740 1996 5.800 3.777 5.947 5.468 5.847 5.800 5.728 1997 5.800 3.762 5.954 5.469 5.862 5.800 5.726 1998 5.800 3.769 5.953 5.462 5.861 5.800 5.710 1999 5.800 3.744 5.942 5.421 5.840 5.800 5.684 2000 5.800 3.733 5.959 5.432 5.849 5.800 5.651 2001 5.800 3.735 5.976 5.443 5.862 5.800 5.751 2002 5.800 3.729 5.971 5.451 5.863 5.800 5.687 2003 5.800 3.739 5.970 5.438 5.857 5.800 5.739 2004 5.800 3.724 R5.981 R5.475 5.863 5.800 5.753 2005P 5.800 3.724 5.977 5.473 5.848 5.800 5.741 

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Note: Crude oil includes lease condensate.

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/eSources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," which fo
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table A3. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Btu per Barrel)

Year

Total Petroleum 1 Liquefied

Petroleum

Gases

Residential Sector Commercial Sector Industrial Sector Transportation Sector Electric Power Sector 

2,3 Total

1949 5.493 5.858 5.946 5.465 6.254 5.649 4.011 1950 5.482 5.865 5.940 5.461 6.254 5.649 4.011 1955 5.480 5.832 5.867 5.408 6.254 5.591 4.011 1960 5.430 5.849 5.800 5.388 6.267 5.555 4.011 1965 5.380 5.837 5.728 5.387 6.267 5.532 4.011 1970 5.216 5.773 5.603 5.393 6.252 5.503 43.779 1971 5.212 5.758 5.598 5.389 6.245 5.504 3.772 1972 5.193 5.733 5.563 5.388 6.233 5.500 3.760 1973 5.205 5.749 5.569 5.395 6.245 5.515 3.746 1974 5.196 5.740 5.538 5.394 6.238 5.504 3.730 1975 5.192 5.704 5.527 5.392 6.250 5.494 3.715 1976 5.215 5.726 5.536 5.395 6.251 5.504 3.711 1977 5.213 5.733 5.554 5.400 6.249 5.518 3.677 1978 5.213 5.716 5.554 5.404 6.251 5.519 3.669 1979 5.298 5.769 5.419 5.428 6.258 5.494 3.680 1980 5.245 5.803 5.374 5.440 6.254 5.479 3.674 1981 5.191 5.751 5.312 5.432 6.258 5.448 3.643 1982 5.167 5.751 5.263 5.422 6.258 5.415 3.615 1983 5.022 5.642 5.275 5.415 6.255 5.406 3.614 1984 5.184 5.705 5.223 5.418 6.251 5.395 3.599 1985 5.153 5.661 5.215 5.422 6.247 5.387 3.603 1986 5.169 5.694 5.283 5.425 6.257 5.418 3.640 1987 5.144 5.661 5.248 5.429 6.249 5.403 3.659 1988 5.165 5.661 5.241 5.433 6.250 5.410 3.652 1989 5.105 5.621 5.234 5.437 26.240 5.410 3.683 1990 5.027 5.621 5.270 5.442 6.244 5.411 3.625 1991 4.968 5.599 5.186 5.440 6.246 5.384 3.614 1992 5.004 5.589 5.185 5.442 6.238 5.378 3.624 1993 4.975 5.580 5.196 5.436 6.230 5.379 3.606 1994 4.983 5.592 5.166 5.424 6.213 5.361 3.635 1995 4.940 5.554 5.137 5.417 6.188 5.341 3.623 1996 4.869 5.498 5.133 5.420 6.195 5.336 3.613 1997 4.859 5.459 5.138 5.416 6.199 5.336 3.616 1998 4.837 5.446 5.155 5.413 6.210 5.349 3.614 1999 4.761 5.369 5.113 5.413 6.205 5.328 3.616 2000 4.761 5.394 5.082 5.421 6.189 5.326 3.607 2001 4.796 5.403 5.164 5.412 6.199 5.345 3.614 2002 4.742 5.364 5.116 5.410 6.173 5.324 3.613 2003 E4.807 E5.437 E5.149 E5.409 6.182 5.340 3.629 2004 RE4.802 RE5.432 RE5.164 RE5.420 R6.192 R5.350 R3.618 2005 E4.842 E5.465 E5.190 E5.425 P6.189 P5.364 P3.620 

1 Petroleum products supplied, including natural gas plant liquids and crude oil burned directly as fuel. 2 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers.

3 Electric power sector factors are weighted average heat contents for distillate fuel oil, petroleum coke,

and residual fuel oil; they exclude other liquids.

4 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1966 and 1967; beginning in 1967, the single

constant factor is replaced by a quantity-weighted average of liquefied petroleum gases’ major

components. 5 There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1993 and 199

constant factor is replaced by a factor that is a quantity-weighted avcomponents. See Table A1.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. Note: Weighted averages of the products included in each category are 

values shown in Table A1.

Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.Sources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," wh
360 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table A4. Approximate Heat Content of Natural Gas, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Btu per Cubic Foot)

Year

Production Consumption 1

Marketed Dry End-Use Sectors Imports 

2 Electric Power Sector 3 Total

1949 1,120 1,035 1,035 1,035 1,035 — 1950 1,119 1,035 1,035 1,035 1,035 — 1955 1,120 1,035 1,035 1,035 1,035 1,035 1960 1,107 1,035 1,035 1,035 1,035 1,035 1965 1,101 1,032 1,032 1,032 1,032 1,032 1970 1,102 1,031 1,031 1,031 1,031 1,031 1971 1,103 1,031 1,031 1,031 1,031 1,031 1972 1,100 1,027 1,027 1,027 1,027 1,027 1973 1,093 1,021 1,020 1,024 1,021 1,026 1974 1,097 1,024 1,024 1,022 1,024 1,027 1975 1,095 1,021 1,020 1,026 1,021 1,026 1976 1,093 1,020 1,019 1,023 1,020 1,025 1977 1,093 1,021 1,019 1,029 1,021 1,026 1978 1,088 1,019 1,016 1,034 1,019 1,030 1979 1,092 1,021 1,018 1,035 1,021 1,037 1980 1,098 1,026 1,024 1,035 1,026 1,022 1981 1,103 1,027 1,025 1,035 1,027 1,014 1982 1,107 1,028 1,026 1,036 1,028 1,018 1983 1,115 1,031 1,031 1,030 1,031 1,024 1984 1,109 1,031 1,030 1,035 1,031 1,005 1985 1,112 1,032 1,031 1,038 1,032 1,002 1986 1,110 1,030 1,029 1,034 1,030 997 1987 1,112 1,031 1,031 1,032 1,031 999 1988 1,109 1,029 1,029 1,028 1,029 1,002 1989 1,107 1,031 1,031 11,028 1,031 1,004 1990 1,105 1,029 1,030 1,027 1,029 1,012 1991 1,108 1,030 1,031 1,025 1,030 1,014 1992 1,110 1,030 1,031 1,025 1,030 1,011 1993 1,106 1,027 1,028 1,025 1,027 1,020 1994 1,105 1,028 1,029 1,025 1,028 1,022 1995 1,106 1,026 1,027 1,021 1,026 1,021 1996 1,109 1,026 1,027 1,020 1,026 1,022 1997 1,107 1,026 1,027 1,020 1,026 1,023 1998 1,109 1,031 1,033 1,024 1,031 1,023 1999 1,107 1,027 1,028 1,022 1,027 1,022 2000 1,107 1,025 1,026 1,021 1,025 1,023 2001 1,105 1,030 1,031 1,026 1,030 1,023 2002 1,106 1,027 1,029 1,020 1,027 1,022 2003 1,106 1,031 1,033 1,025 1,031 1,025 2004 R1,104 R1,027 R1,027 R1,027 R1,027 R1,025 2005 E1,105 E1,030 E1,030 P1,029 E1,030 E1,024 

1 Consumption factors are for natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels that

cannot be identified separately.

2 Residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors. 3 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and

heat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning 

utilities and independent power producers.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. E=Estimate. — = Not applicable. Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/Sources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," which 
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table A5. Approximate Heat Content of Coal and Coal Coke, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Million Btu per Short Ton)

Year

Coal 

Production

Consumption

Imports Expor

Residential

and Commercial

Sectors

Industrial Sector Electric

Power

Sector Coke Plants Other 2,3 Total 1

1949 24.916 24.263 26.797 24.612 23.761 24.793 25.000 26.751950 25.090 24.461 26.798 24.820 23.937 24.989 25.020 26.781955 25.201 24.373 26.794 24.821 24.056 24.982 25.000 26.901960 24.906 24.226 26.791 24.609 23.927 24.713 25.003 26.931965 24.775 24.028 26.787 24.385 23.780 24.537 25.000 26.971970 23.842 23.203 26.784 22.983 22.573 23.440 25.000 26.981971 23.507 23.090 26.784 22.670 22.301 23.124 25.000 26.981972 23.389 22.998 26.782 22.550 22.204 23.036 25.000 26.971973 23.376 22.831 26.780 22.586 22.246 23.057 25.000 26.591974 23.072 22.479 26.778 22.419 21.781 22.677 25.000 26.701975 22.897 22.261 26.782 22.436 21.642 22.506 25.000 26.561976 22.855 22.774 26.781 22.530 21.679 22.498 25.000 26.601977 22.597 22.919 26.787 22.322 21.508 22.265 25.000 26.541978 22.248 22.466 26.789 22.207 21.275 22.017 25.000 26.471979 22.454 22.242 26.788 22.452 21.364 22.100 25.000 26.541980 22.415 22.543 26.790 22.690 21.295 21.947 25.000 26.381981 22.308 22.474 26.794 22.585 21.085 21.713 25.000 26.161982 22.239 22.695 26.797 22.712 21.194 21.674 25.000 26.221983 22.052 22.775 26.798 22.691 21.133 21.576 25.000 26.291984 22.010 22.844 26.799 22.543 21.101 21.573 25.000 26.401985 21.870 22.646 26.798 22.020 20.959 21.366 25.000 26.301986 21.913 22.947 26.798 22.198 21.084 21.462 25.000 26.291987 21.922 23.404 26.799 22.381 21.136 21.517 25.000 26.291988 21.823 23.571 26.799 22.360 20.900 21.328 25.000 26.291989 21.765 23.650 26.800 22.347 220.898 21.307 25.000 26.161990 21.822 23.137 26.799 22.457 20.779 21.197 25.000 26.201991 21.681 23.114 26.799 22.460 20.730 21.120 25.000 26.181992 21.682 23.105 26.799 22.250 20.709 21.068 25.000 26.161993 21.418 22.994 26.800 22.123 20.677 21.010 25.000 26.331994 21.394 23.112 26.800 22.068 20.589 20.929 25.000 26.321995 21.326 23.118 26.800 21.950 20.543 20.880 25.000 26.181996 21.322 23.011 26.800 22.105 20.547 20.870 25.000 26.171997 21.296 22.494 26.800 22.172 20.518 20.830 25.000 26.251998 21.418 21.620 27.426 23.164 20.516 20.881 25.000 26.801999 21.070 23.880 27.426 22.489 20.490 20.818 25.000 26.082000 21.072 25.020 27.426 22.433 20.511 20.828 25.000 26.112001 20.830 24.909 27.426 22.622 20.337 20.671 25.000 25.992002 20.673 22.962 27.426 22.562 20.238 20.541 25.000 26.062003 20.499 22.242 27.425 22.468 20.082 20.387 25.000 25.972004 R20.424 R22.324 27.426 22.473 R19.980 R20.290 25.000 26.102005P 20.336 22.243 26.279 22.178 19.974 20.234 25.000 25.49

1 Includes transportation. Excludes coal synfuel plants. 2 Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (North American

Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity andheat, to the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electricutilities and independent power producers.

3 Electric power sector factors are for anthracite, bituminous coal, s

coal, and coal synfuel.

R=Revised. P=Preliminary. Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doeSources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," wh
362 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

Table A6. Approximate Heat Rates for Electricity, Selected Years, 1949-2005

 (Btu per Kilowatthour)

Year

Electricity Net Generation

Electricity 

Fossil-Fueled Plants 1,2 Nuclear Plants 3 Geothermal Energy Plants 4 

1949 15,033 — — 1950 14,030 — — 1955 11,699 — — 1960 10,760 11,629 23,200 1965 10,453 11,804 22,182 1970 10,494 10,977 21,606 1971 10,478 10,837 21,655 1972 10,379 10,792 21,668 1973 10,389 10,903 21,674 1974 10,442 11,161 21,674 1975 10,406 11,013 21,611 1976 10,373 11,047 21,611 1977 10,435 10,769 21,611 1978 10,361 10,941 21,611 1979 10,353 10,879 21,545 1980 10,388 10,908 21,639 1981 10,453 11,030 21,639 1982 10,454 11,073 21,629 1983 10,520 10,905 21,290 1984 10,440 10,843 21,303 1985 10,447 10,622 21,263 1986 10,446 10,579 21,263 1987 10,419 10,442 21,263 1988 10,324 10,602 21,096 1989 10,432 10,583 21,096 1990 10,402 10,582 21,096 1991 10,436 10,484 20,997 1992 10,342 10,471 20,914 1993 10,309 10,504 20,914 1994 10,316 10,452 20,914 1995 10,312 10,507 20,914 1996 10,340 10,503 20,960 1997 10,213 10,494 20,960 1998 10,197 10,491 21,017 1999 10,226 10,450 21,017 2000 10,201 10,429 21,017 2001 210,333 10,448 21,017 2002 10,173 10,439 21,017 2003 10,241 10,421 21,017 2004 R10,022 R10,427 21,017 2005 E10,241 E10,421 E21,017 

1 Through 2000, used as the thermal conversion factor for wood and waste electricity net generation at

electric utilities. For all years, used as the thermal conversion factor for hydro, solar, and wind electricitynet generation.

2 Through 2000, heat rates are for fossil-fueled steam-electric plants at electric utilities. Beginning in

2001, heat rates are for all fossil-fueled plants at electric utilities and independent power producers.

3 Used as the thermal conversion factor for nuclear electricity net generation. 4 The value of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthours is a constant. It is used as the thermal conversion factor for

geothermal electricity net generation. 5 The value of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour is a constant. It is used as the 

electricity retail sales, and electricity imports and exports.

R=Revised. E=Estimate. — = Not applicable. Web Page: For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/eSources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," which f
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum

and Natural Gas Plant Liquids

Asphalt. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) adopted the thermalconversion factor of 6.636 million British thermal units (Btu) per barrel as estimatedby the Bureau of Mines and first published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual,1956.Aviation Gasoline. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 5.048 million Btu

per barrel as adopted by the Bureau of Mines from the Texas Eastern TransmissionCorporation publication Competition and Growth in American Energy Markets1947-1985, a 1968 release of historical and projected statistics.Butane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of 4.326million Btu per barrel as published in the California Oil World and PetroleumIndustry, First Issue, April 1942.Butane-Propane Mixture. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines calculation of 4.130million Btu per barrel based on an assumed mixture of 60 percent butane and 40percent propane. See Butane and Propane.

Crude Oil Exports. Assumed by EIA to be 5.800 million Btu per barrel or equal to

the thermal conversion factor for crude oil produced in the United States. SeeCrude Oil Production.Crude Oil Imports. Calculated annually by EIA as the average of the thermalconversion factors for each type of crude oil imported weighted by the quantitiesimported. Thermal conversion factors for each type were calculated on a foreigncountry basis, by determining the average American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of crude oil imported from each foreign country from Form ERA-60 in 1977 andconverting average API gravity to average Btu content by using National Bureau ofStandards, Miscellaneous Publication No. 97, Thermal Properties of PetroleumProducts, 1933.Crude Oil Production. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 5.800 millionBtu per barrel as reported in a Bureau of Mines internal memorandum, “Bureau ofMines Standard Average Heating Values of Various Fuels, Adopted January 3,1950.”Distillate Fuel Oil. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of5.825 million Btu per barrel as reported in a Bureau of Mines internalmemorandum, “Bureau of Mines Standard Average Heating Values of VariousFuels, Adopted January 3, 1950.”

Ethane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines themillion Btu per barrel as published in the CalifIndustry, First Issue, April 1942.Ethane-Propane Mixture. EIA calculation of 3.on an assumed mixture of 70 percent ethane and 

and Propane.

Fuel Ethanol (Blended Into Motor Gasoline). Esion factor of 3.539 million Btu per barrel publishFuture Fuels,” a paper presented by William JCompany at the National Conference on ReformulImplementation, Washington, D.C., October 1991.Isobutane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thmillion Btu per barrel as published in the CalifIndustry, First Issue, April 1942.Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type. EIA adopted the Burefactor of 5.670 million Btu per barrel for “Jet Futhe Texas Eastern Transmission Corporation in thin American Energy Markets 1947-1985, a 1968 rstatistics.Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Type. EIA adopted the Burefactor of 5.355 million Btu per barrel for “Jet FuTexas Eastern Transmission Corporation in the reAmerican Energy Markets 1947-1985, a 1968 re

statistics.Kerosene. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines themillion Btu per barrel as reported in a Bureau “Bureau of Mines Standard Average Heating VaJanuary 3, 1950.”Liquefied Petroleum Gases Consumption. • 19Interior, Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industry Surveleum Products, 1956,” Table 4 footnote, constanbarrel. • 1967 forward: Calculated annually by Econversion factors for all liquefied petroleum gweighted by the quantities consumed. The compoleum gases are ethane (including ethylene), propabutane (including butylene), butane-propane mixand isobutane. For 1967-1980, quantities consum

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation
Reports, “Petroleum Statement, Annual,” Table 1. For 1981 forward, quantities

consumed are from EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual, Table 2.Lubricants. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 6.065 million Btu perbarrel as estimated by the Bureau of Mines and first published in the PetroleumStatement, Annual, 1956.Miscellaneous Products. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 5.796million Btu per barrel as estimated by the Bureau of Mines and first published in thePetroleum Statement, Annual, 1956.Motor Gasoline Consumption. • 1949-1993: EIA adopted the Bureau of Minesthermal conversion factor of 5.253 million Btu per barrel for “Gasoline, MotorFuel” as published by the Texas Eastern Transmission Corporation in Appendix Vof Competition and Growth in American Energy Markets 1947-1985, a 1968 release

of historical and projected statistics. • 1994 forward: EIA calculated nationalannual quantity-weighted average conversion factors for conventional,reformulated, and oxygenated motor gasolines (see Table A3). The factor forconventional motor gasoline is 5.253 million Btu per barrel, as used for previousyears. The factors for reformulated and oxygenated gasolines, both currently 5.150million Btu per barrel, are based on data published in Environmental ProtectionAgency, Office of Mobile Sources, National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory report EPA 420-F-95-003, “Fuel Economy Impact Analysis of Reformulated

Gasoline.” See Fuel Ethanol (Blended Into Motor Gasoline).Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production. Calculated annually by EIA as the average of the thermal conversion factors for each natural gas plant liquid produced

weighted by the quantities produced.Natural Gasoline. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 4.620 million Btuper barrel as estimated by the Bureau of Mines and first published in the PetroleumStatement, Annual, 1956.Pentanes Plus. EIA assumed the thermal conversion factor to be 4.620 million Btu

or equal to that for natural gasoline. See Natural Gasoline.Petrochemical Feedstocks, Naphtha less than 401° F. Assumed by EIA to be5.248 million Btu per barrel, equal to the thermal conversion factor for specialnaphthas. See Special Naphthas.Petrochemical Feedstocks, Other Oils equal to or greater than 401° F. Assumedby EIA to be 5.825 million Btu per barrel, equal to the thermal conversion factor fordistillate fuel oil. See Distillate Fuel Oil.

Petrochemical Feedstocks, Still Gas. Assumed by EIA to be 6.000 million Btu perbarrel, equal to the thermal conversion factor for still gas. See Still Gas.

Petroleum Coke. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 6.024 million Btu

per barrel as reported in Btu per short ton in the Bureau of Mines internal memorandum, “Bureau of Mines Standard Average Heating Values of Various Fuels,Adopted January 3, 1950.” The Bureau of Mines calculated this factor by dividing

30.120 million Btu per short ton, as given in the refenal memorandum, by 5.0 barrels per short ton, as Form 6-1300-M and successor EIA forms.Petroleum Consumption, Commercial Sector. Cal

average of the thermal conversion factors for all petthe commercial sector weighted by the estimated commercial sector. The quantities of petroleum producial sector are estimated in the State Energy Data Shttp://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/notes/usPetroleum Consumption, Electric Power Sector. Cthe average of the thermal conversion factors for all by the electric power sector weighted by the quantpower sector. Data are from Form EIA-860, “AnnuForm EIA-906, “Power Plant Report”; and predecessPetroleum Consumption, Industrial Sector. Calcuaverage of the thermal conversion factors for all petthe industrial sector weighted by the estimated quantisector. The quantities of petroleum products consumestimated in the State Energy Data Systhttp://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/notes/usPetroleum Consumption, Residential Sector. Calc

average of the thermal conversion factors for all petthe residential sector weighted by the estimated quantial sector. The quantities of petroleum products conare estimated in the State Energy Data Syshttp://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/notes/usPetroleum Consumption, Total. Calculated annuallthermal conversion factors for all petroleum producquantities consumed.Petroleum Consumption, Transportation Sector. the average of the thermal conversion factors for all by the transportation sector weighted by the estimattransportation sector. The quantities of petroleum prportation sector are estimated in the State Energy Daat http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/notes/Petroleum Products Exports. Calculated annually thermal conversion factors for each petroleum prodquantities exported.Petroleum Products Imports. Calculated annually thermal conversion factors for each petroleum prodquantities imported.

364 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Plant Condensate. Estimated to be 5.418 million Btu per barrel by EIA from data

provided by McClanahan Consultants, Inc., Houston, Texas.Propane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of 3.836million Btu per barrel as published in the California Oil World and PetroleumIndustry, First Issue, April 1942.Residual Fuel Oil. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 6.287 million Btuper barrel as reported in the Bureau of Mines internal memorandum, “Bureau ofMines Standard Average Heating Values of Various Fuels, Adopted January 3,1950.”Road Oil. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of 6.636million Btu per barrel, which was assumed to be equal to that of asphalt (seeAsphalt) and was first published by the Bureau of Mines in the Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1970.

Special Naphthas. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of5.248 million Btu per barrel, which was assumed to be equal to that of the totalgasoline (aviation and motor) factor and was first published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1970.Still Gas. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines estimated thermal conversion factor of6.000 million Btu per barrel, first published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual,1970.Total Petroleum Exports. Calculated annually by EIA as the average of the thermal conversion factors for crude oil and each petroleum product exported weightedby the quantities exported. See Crude Oil Exports and Petroleum Products

Exports.Total Petroleum Imports. Calculated annually by EIA as the average of the thermal conversion factors for each type of crude oil and petroleum product importedweighted by the quantities imported. See Crude Oil Imports and Petroleum Products Imports.

Unfinished Oils. EIA assumed the thermal conversion factor to be 5.825 millionBtu per barrel or equal to that for distillate fuel oil (see Distillate Fuel Oil) and firstpublished it in EIA’s Annual Report to Congress, Volume 3, 1977.

Unfractionated Stream. EIA assumed the thermal conversion factor to be 5.418million Btu per barrel or equal to that for plant condensate (see Plant Condensate)

and first published it in EIA’s Annual Report to Congress, Volume 2, 1981.

Waxes. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 5.537 million Btu per barrelas estimated by the Bureau of Mines and first published in the Petroleum Statement,Annual, 1956.

Approximate Heat Content 

Natural Gas Consumption, Electric Power Sec

by dividing the heat content of natural gas consumthe quantity consumed. Data are from Form EIAReport”; Form EIA-906, “Power Plant Report”; anNatural Gas Consumption, End-Use Sectors. dividing the heat content of natural gas con(residential, commercial, industrial, and transportData are from Form EIA-176, “Annual Report oSupply and Disposition.”Natural Gas Consumption, Total. • 1949-1962: sion factor of 1,035 Btu per cubic foot as estimated published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual, 19the thermal conversion factor calculated annually (AGA) and published in Gas Facts, an AGA annu

Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the toconsumed by the total quantity consumed.Natural Gas Exports. • 1949-1972: Assumed bconversion factor for dry natural gas consumed (Total). • 1973 forward: Calculated annually by Enatural gas exported by the quantity exported. FoFPC-14, “Annual Report for Importers and Export1996, data are from U.S. Department of Energy, Gas Imports and Exports.Natural Gas Imports. • 1949-1972: Assumed bconversion factor for dry natural gas consumed (Total). • 1973 forward: Calculated annually by Enatural gas imported by the quantity imported. FoFPC-14, “Annual Report for Importers and Export1996, data are from U.S. Department of Energy, Gas Imports and Exports.Natural Gas Production, Dry. Assumed by EIA sion factor for dry natural gas consumed. See NatuNatural Gas Production, Marketed. Calculated heat content of dry natural gas produced (see Naliquids produced (see Natural Gas Plant Liquids of marketed natural gas produced.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
Approximate Heat Content of Coal and Coal Coke

Coal Coke Imports and Exports. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines estimate of24.800 million Btu per short ton.Coal Consumption, Electric Power Sector. Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of coal consumed by the electric power sector by the quantityconsumed. Data are from Form EIA-860, “Annual Electric Generator Report”;Form EIA-906, “Power Plant Report”; and predecessor forms.Coal Consumption, Industrial Sector, Coke Plants. Calculated annually by EIAby dividing the heat content of coal consumed by coke plants by the quantityconsumed. Data are from Form EIA-5, “Quarterly Coal Consumption and QualityReport—Coke Plants.”Coal Consumption, Industrial Sector, Other. Calculated annually by EIA bydividing the heat content of coal consumed by manufacturing plants by the quantityconsumed. Data are from Form EIA-3, “Quarterly Coal Consumption and QualityReport—Manufacturing Plants.”Coal Consumption, Residential and Commercial Sectors. Calculated annually by

EIA by dividing the heat content of coal consumed by the residential and commercial sectors by the quantity consumed. Through 1999, data are from Form EIA-6,“Coal Distribution Report.” Beginning in 2000, data are for commercial combinedheat-and-power (CHP) plants from Form EIA-860, “Annual Electric GeneratorReport”; and Form EIA-906, “Power Plant Report.”Coal Consumption, Total. Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the total heatcontent of coal consumed by all sectors by the total quantity consumed.Coal Exports. Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of steamcoal and metallurgical coal exported by the quantity exported. Data are from U.S.Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Monthly Report EM 545.”Coal Imports. • 1949-1963: Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the heatcontent of coal imported by the quantity imported. • 1963 forward: Assumed byEIA to be 25.000 million Btu per short ton.Coal Production. Calculated annually by EIA to balance the heat content of coalsupply (production and imports) and the heat content of coal disposition (exports,stock change, and consumption).

Approximate Heat Rates fo

Electricity Net Generation, Fossil-Fueled Plants. practice for measuring the thermal conversion rates electricity from hydro, wind, photovoltaic, or solar tfore, EIA calculates a rate factor that is equal to the for fossil-fueled power plants in the United States. By to evaluate fossil fuel requirements for replacing thinterruption, such as droughts. The heat content oproduced, regardless of the generation process, is 3weighted annual average heat rate for fossil-fueled the United States, as published by EIA in Thermal-Eand Annual Production Expenses—1981 and Steam

Cost and Annual Production Expenses—1978. • 195average heat rate for fossil-fueled steam-electric powas published in EIA, Electric Plant Cost and Pow

Table 9. • 1989-2000: Calculated annually by EIA bon Form EIA-860, “Annual Electric Generator Repand net generation data reported on Form EIA-759, “The computation includes data for all electric utilifossil fuels. 2001 forward: Calculated annually by Eand net generation data reported on Form EIA-906computation includes data for all electric utilities anpower producers using fossil fuels.Electricity Net Generation, Geothermal Energy lated annually by EIA by weighting the annual avgeothermal units by the installed nameplate capacitie“Power System Statement.” • 1982 forward: Estimbasis of an informal survey of relevant plants.Electricity Net Generation, Nuclear Plants. • 1957dividing the total heat content consumed in nuclea(net) electricity generated by nuclear generating unitsity generation were reported on Form FERC-1, “AnUtilities, Licensees, and Others”; Form EIA-412, “AnUtilities”; and predecessor forms. For 1982, the faHistorical Plant Cost and Annual Production Expens1982, page 215. For 1983 and 1984, the factors wPlant Cost and Power Production Expenses 1991, Calculated annually by EIA by using the heat rat“Annual Electric Generator Report” (and predecessreported on Form EIA-906, “Power Plant Report.”

366 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Data presented in the Annual Energy Review and in other Energy Information

Administration publications are expressed predominately in units that historicallyhave been used in the United States, such as British thermal units, barrels, cubicfeet, and short tons. However, because U.S. commerce involves other nations,most of which use metric units of measure, the U.S. Government is committed tothe transition to the metric system, as stated in the Metric Conversion Act of 1975(Public Law 94–168), amended by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of1988 (Public Law 100–418), and Executive Order 12770 of July 25, 1991.The metric conversion factors presented in Table B1 can be used to calculate themetric-unit equivalents of values expressed in U.S. customary units. For example,500 short tons are the equivalent of 453.6 metric tons (500 short tons x 0.9071847metric tons/short ton = 453.6 metric tons).

In the metric system of weights and measures, the nsions of any unit may be derived by combining the such as deka, hecto, and kilo, meaning, respectivcenti, and milli, meaning, respectively, oneone-thousandth. Common metric prefixes can be foThe conversion factors presented in Table B3 can bin various physical units commonly used in energbarrels are the equivalent of 420 U.S. gallons (10 bagallons).

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Appendix B. Metric and Other Physical Conversion Factors
368 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005

aExact conversion.bCalculated by the Energy Information Administration.cThe Btu used in this table is the International Table Btu adopted by the Fifth International Conference on Properties of Steam, London, 1956. dTo convert degrees Fahrenheit (oF) to degrees Celsius (oC) exactly, subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.

 Notes: • Spaces have been inserted after every third digit to the right of the decimal for ease of reading. • Most metric units belong to the 

 International System of Units (SI), and the liter, hectare, and metric ton are accepted for use with the SI units. For more information about the SI units, see http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/index.html. Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/append_b.html. Sources: • General Services Administration, Federal Standard 376B, Preferred Metric Units for General Use by the Federal Government(Washington, DC, January 1993), pp. 9-11, 13, and 16. • U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology,Special Publications 330, 811, and 814. • American National Standards Institute/Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, ANSI/IEEE Std268-1992, pp. 28 and 29. 

 100 degrees Celsius (oC) a 212 degrees Fahrenheit (oF) 

=

 0 degrees Celsius (oC) a Temperature 32 degrees Fahrenheit (oF)

= d

3.6 megajoules (MJ) a 1 kilowatthour (kWh)

=

4.186 8 joules (J) a 1 calorie (cal)

=

1,055.055 852 62 joules (J) a 1 British thermal unit (Btu)

= c Energy

square centimeters (cm2 6.451 6 ) a 1 square inch (in

= 2

)

square meters (m2 0.092 903 04 ) a 1 square foot (ft

= 2

)

square meters (m2 1 square yard (yd

= 0.836 127 4 ) 2

)

square kilometers (km2 1 square mile (mi

= 2.589 988 ) 2

)

Area 1 acre

= 0.404 69 hectares (ha)

2.54 centimeters (cm) a 1 inch (in)

=

0.304 8 meters (m) a 1 foot (ft)

=

0.914 4 meters (m) a 1 yard (yd)

=

1.609 344 kilometers (km) a Length 1 mile (mi)

=

1 cubic inch (in

= 16.387 06 milliliters (mL) 3

)

1 ounce, fluid (fl oz)

= 29.573 53 milliliters (mL)

1 U.S. gallon (gal)

= 3.785 412 liters (L)

cubic meters (m3 1 cubic foot (ft

= 0.028 316 85 ) 3

)

cubic meters (m3 1 cubic yard (yd

= 0.764 555 ) 3

)

cubic meters (m3 Volume 1 barrel of oil (bbl)

= 0.158 987 3 )

1 ounce, avoirdupois (avdp oz)

= 28.349 52 grams (g)

0.384 647 kilograms uranium (kgU) b 1 pound uranium oxide (lb U3O8) =

0.453 592 37 kilograms (kg) a 1 pound (lb)

=

1 long ton

= 1.016 047 metric tons (t) 

Mass 1 short ton (2,000 lb)

= 0.907 184 7 metric tons (t)

Type of Unit U.S. Unit Equivalent in Metric Units

Table B1. Metric Conversion Factors
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

aExact conversion.bCalculated by the Energy Information Administration.

 Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/append_b.html.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements for Weighing and Measuring Devices, NIST Handbook 44, 1994 Edition (Washington, DC, October 1993), pp. B-10, C-17

and C-21.

cubic feet (ft3 128 ) a 1 cord (cd) = 

1.25 shorts tons b Wood 1 cord (cd) = 

1,000 kilograms (kg) a 1 metric ton (t) = 

2,240 pounds (lb) a 1 long ton = 2,000 pounds (lb) a Coal 1 short ton = 

42 U.S. gallons (gal) a Petroleum 1 barrel (bbl) = 

Energy Source Original Unit Equivalent in Final Units 

Table B3. Other Physical Conversion Factors

 Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/append_b.html.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, The International System of Units (SI), NIST

Special Publication 330, 1991 Edition (Washington, DC, August 1991), p.10.

 10 yocto y -24 10 yotta Y 24

 10 zepto z -21 10 zetta Z 21 10 atto a -18 10 exa E 18 10 femto f -15 10 peta P 15 10 pico p -12 10 tera T 12

 10 nano n -9 10 giga G 9

 10 micro

μ -6 10 mega M 6

 10 milli

m -3 10 kilo k 3

 10 centi c -2 10 hecto h 2 10 deci d -1 10 deka da 1

Unit Multiple Prefix Symbol Unit Subdivision Prefix Symbol

Table B2. Metric Prefixes

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Appendix C

Figure C1. U.S. Census Regions and Divisions

Note: Map not to scale.

Web Page: See www.census.gov/geo/www/us_regdiv.pdf.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Appendix D

Table D1. Population, U.S. Gross Domestic Product, and Implicit Price Deflator, Selected Years, 1949-

Year

Population U.S. Gross Domestic Product

United States 1 World

Billion

Nominal Dollars 2

Billion

Chained (2000) Dollars 3

Million People 

1949 148.7 NA 267.3 1,634.6 1950 151.3 R2,556.5 293.8 1,777.3 1955 165.1 R2,781.2 414.8 2,212.8 1960 179.3 R3,041.0 526.4 2,501.8 1965 193.5 R3,347.4 719.1 3,191.1 1970 203.3 R3,708.8 1,038.5 3,771.9 1971 206.8 R3,786.1 1,127.1 3,898.6 1972 209.3 R3,862.6 1,238.3 4,105.0 1973 211.4 R3,938.6 1,382.7 4,341.5 1974 213.3 R4,013.5 1,500.0 4,319.6 1975 215.5 R4,086.5 1,638.3 4,311.2 1976 217.6 R4,158.0 1,825.3 4,540.9 1977 219.8 R4,230.1 2,030.9 4,750.5 1978 222.1 R4,302.1 2,294.7 5,015.0 1979 224.6 4,376.9 2,563.3 5,173.4 1980 226.5 4,452.6 2,789.5 5,161.7 1981 229.5 R4,528.7 3,128.4 5,291.7 1982 231.7 4,608.4 3,255.0 5,189.3 1983 233.8 4,689.8 3,536.7 5,423.8 1984 235.8 R4,770.1 3,933.2 5,813.6 1985 237.9 R4,851.9 4,220.3 6,053.7 1986 240.1 R4,935.2 4,462.8 6,263.6 1987 242.3 R5,021.2 4,739.5 6,475.1 1988 244.5 R5,108.0 5,103.8 6,742.7 1989 246.8 R5,194.7 5,484.4 6,981.4 1990 248.8 R5,282.8 5,803.1 7,112.5 1991 253.0 R5,366.8 5,995.9 7,100.5 1992 256.5 R5,450.9 6,337.7 7,336.6 1993 259.9 R5,532.6 6,657.4 7,532.7 1994 263.1 R5,613.4 7,072.2 7,835.5 1995 266.3 R5,694.4 7,397.7 8,031.7 1996 269.4 R5,773.5 7,816.9 8,328.9 1997 272.6 R5,852.4 8,304.3 8,703.5 1998 275.9 R5,929.7 8,747.0 9,066.9 1999 279.0 R6,006.2 9,268.4 9,470.3 2000 281.4 R6,081.5 9,817.0 9,817.0 2001 285.1 R6,155.9 10,128.0 9,890.7 2002 R288.0 R6,229.6 R10,469.6 R10,048.8 2003 R290.9 R6,303.1 R10,971.2 R10,320.6 2004 293.7 R6,376.9 R11,734.3 R10,755.7 2005 296.4 6,451.1 12,485.7 11,134.6 

1 Resident population of the 50 States and the District of Columbia estimated for July 1 of each year,

except for the April 1 decennial census counts.

2 See "Nominal Dollars" in Glossary. 3 See "Chained Dollars" in Glossary. 4 The gross domestic product implicit price deflator is used to convert nominal dollars to chained (2000)

dollars.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. Web Pages: • For data not shown for 1951-1969, see http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/append_d.html.

• For related information, see http://www.census.gov/ and http://www.bea

Sources: U.S. Population: • 1949-1989—Department of Comme

Census, Current Population Reports Series P-25, November 1998. • 199the Census, State Population Estimates. World Population: • 1950 foCensus, International Database (April 26, 2005). U.S. Gross Domestic Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product Accounts (F1.1.6, and 1.1.9.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Table E1. Estimated Energy Consumption in the United States, Selected Years, 1635-1945

 (Quadrillion Btu)

Year

Fossil Fuels Renewable Energy

Coal 

Natural

Gas Petroleum Total

Conventional

Hydroelectric

Power Wood 1 Total

1635 NA — — — — (s) (s) 1645 NA — — — — 0.001 0.001 1655 NA — — — — 0.002 0.002 1665 NA — — — — 0.005 0.005 1675 NA — — — — 0.007 0.007 1685 NA — — — — 0.009 0.009 1695 NA — — — — 0.014 0.014 1705 NA — — — — 0.022 0.022 1715 NA — — — — 0.037 0.037 1725 NA — — — — 0.056 0.056 1735 NA — — — — 0.080 0.080 1745 NA — — — — 0.112 0.112 1755 NA — — — — 0.155 0.155 1765 NA — — — — 0.200 0.200 1775 NA — — — — 0.249 0.249 1785 NA — — — — 0.310 0.310 1795 NA — — — — 0.402 0.402 1805 NA — — — — 0.537 0.537 1815 NA — — — — 0.714 0.714 1825 NA — — — — 0.960 0.960 1835 NA — — — — 1.305 1.305 1845 NA — — — — 1.757 1.757 1850 0.219 — — 0.219 — 2.138 2.138 1855 0.421 — — 0.421 — 2.389 2.389 1860 0.518 — 0.003 0.521 — 2.641 2.641 1865 0.632 — 0.010 0.642 — 2.767 2.767 1870 1.048 — 0.011 1.059 — 2.893 2.893 1875 1.440 — 0.011 1.451 — 2.872 2.872 1880 2.054 — 0.096 2.150 — 2.851 2.851 1885 2.840 0.082 0.040 2.962 — 2.683 2.683 1890 4.062 0.257 0.156 4.475 0.022 2.515 2.537 1895 4.950 0.147 0.168 5.265 0.090 2.306 2.396 1900 6.841 0.252 0.229 7.322 0.250 2.015 2.265 1905 10.001 0.372 0.610 10.983 0.386 1.843 2.229 1910 12.714 0.540 1.007 14.261 0.539 1.765 2.304 1915 13.294 0.673 1.418 15.385 0.659 1.688 2.347 1920 15.504 0.813 2.676 18.993 0.738 1.610 2.348 1925 14.706 1.191 4.280 20.177 0.668 1.533 2.201 1930 13.639 1.932 5.897 21.468 0.752 1.455 2.207 1935 10.634 1.919 5.675 18.228 0.806 1.397 2.203 1940 12.535 2.665 7.760 22.960 0.880 1.358 2.238 1945 15.972 3.871 10.110 29.953 1.442 11.261 2.703 

1 There is a discontinuity in the "Wood" time series between 1945 and 1949. Through 1945, data are for

fuelwood only; beginning in 1949, data also include wood-derived fuel and wood byproducts burned as fuel.

NA=Not available. — = Not applicable. (s)=Less than 0.0005 quadrillion Btu. Notes: • For years not shown, there are no data available. • See Tables 1.3 and 10.1 for continuation

of these data series from 1949 forward. • See Note, "Geographic Coverage of Statistics for 1635-1945," atend of section.

Sources: Coal, Natural Gas, and Petroleum: Energy in the American Economy, 1850-1975, Table VII.

Conventional Hydroelectric Power: Energy in the American Economy, 1850-1975, Table II. Wood:

• 1635-1845: U.S. Department of Agriculture Circular No. 641, Fuel Wood Used in the United States

1630-1930, February 1942. This source estimates fuelwood con

converted to Btu using the conversion factor of 20 million Btu pedecade was assigned to the fifth year of the decade on the increase during any given decade and the average annual vayearly consumption than use at either the beginning or end of tare plotted at 10-year intervals. • 1850-1945: Energy in the AElectricity Net Imports: Energy in the American Economy, 185difference between hydroelectric consumption and hydroekilowatthour.

Appendix E
Appendix E

Note: Geographic Coverage of Statistics for 1635-1945. Table E1 presentsestimates of U.S. energy consumption by energy source for a period that begins acentury and a half before the original 13 colonies formed a political union andcontinues through the decades during which the United States was still expandingterritorially. The question thus arises, what exactly is meant by “U.S. consumption”of an energy source for those years when the United States did not formally exist orconsisted of less territory than is now encompassed by the 50 States and the Districtof Columbia? The documents used to assemble the estimates, and (as far as possible) the sourcesof those documents, were reviewed carefully for clues to geographic coverage. Formost energy sources, the extent of coverage expanded more rapidly than the Nation,defined as all the official States and the District of Columbia. Estimates ormeasurements of consumption of each energy source generally appear to followsettlement patterns. That is, they were made for areas of the continent that weresettled enough to have economically significant consumption even though thoseareas were not to become States for years. The wood data series, for example,begins in 1635 and includes 12 of the original colonies (excepting Georgia), as well

as Maine, Vermont, and the area that would become 

the time the series reaches 1810, the rest of the contthough the last of the 48 States to achieve statehoLikewise, the coal data series begins in 1850 but isuch as Utah and Washington (State), which weregions but had not yet attained statehood. (Note: State-level historical coal consumption. The coal da1945 describe apparent consumption, i.e., productio

The geographic coverage for coal was therefore baseStates listed in various historical issues of Minerals was consumed in States where it was not mined in sigBy energy source, the extent of coverage can be summ

coal-producing States by 1885. • Natural Gas—

District of Columbia, and Alaska by 1885. • Petrole

the District of Columbia, and Alaska by 1885. • Power—Coverage for 1890 and 1895 is uncertain, bStates and the District of Columbia. Coverage for contiguous States, and the District of Columbia. • W

and the District of Columbia by 1810.

376 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Alcohol: The family name of a group of organic chemical compounds composed of

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The series of molecules vary in chain length and are

composed of a hydrocarbon plus a hydroxyl group: CH3-(CH2)n-OH (e.g., methanol, ethanol, and tertiary butyl alcohol). See Fuel Ethanol.

Alternative Fuel: As defined pursuant to the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT),methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols, separately or in mixtures of 85

percent by volume or more (or other percentage not less than 70 as determined byDOE rule) with motor gasoline or other fuels, compressed natural gas (CNG),liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), hydrogen, coalderived liquid fuels, fuels other than alcohols derived from biological materials,electricity, or any other fuel determined to be substantially not petroleum andyielding substantial energy security benefits and substantial environmental benefits.Alternative-Fueled Vehicle (AFV): A vehicle either designed and manufacturedby an original equipment manufacturer or a converted vehicle designed to operate ineither dual-fuel, flexible-fuel, or dedicated modes on fuels other than motor gasoline or diesel fuel. This does not include a conventional vehicle that is limited to

operation on blended or reformulated motor gasoline fuels.

Anthracite: The highest rank of coal; used primarily for residential and commercial space heating. It is a hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to as

hard coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage ofvolatile matter. The moisture content of fresh-mined anthracite generally is less than15 percent. The heat content of anthracite ranges from 22 to 28 million Btu per

short ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of anthracite

consumed in the United States averages 25 million Btu per short ton, on theas-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter). Note:

Since the 1980’s, anthracite refuse or mine waste has been used for steam-electricpower generation. This fuel typically has a heat content of 15 million Btu per shortton or less. See Coal Rank. Anthracite Culm: Waste from Pennsylvania anthracite preparation plants,consisting of coarse rock fragments containing as much as 30 percent small-sizedcoal; sometimes defined as including very fine coal particles called silt. Its heatvalue ranges from 8 to 17 million Btu per short ton.

Anthropogenic: Made or generated by a human term is used in the context of global climate chan

that are the result of human activities, as well as activities, such as deforestation.API: The American Petroleum Institute, a trade asAPI Gravity: American Petroleum Institute mea

oil or condensate in degrees. An arbitrary scale exliquid petroleum products. The measuring scale 

API; it is calculated as follows: Degrees API = (141.5 / sp.gr.60 deg.F/60 deg.F) - Asphalt: A dark-brown to black cement-like mateessing and containing bitumens as the predominaroad construction. It includes crude asphalt as weucts: cements, fluxes, the asphalt content of empetroleum distillates blended with asphalt to mconversion factor for asphalt is 5.5 barrels per sho

ASTM: The acronym for the American Society foAviation Gasoline Blending Components: Naph

ing or compounding into finished aviation gaso

alkylate, reformate, benzene, toluene, and xylene)

ethers), butane, and pentanes plus. Oxygenates 

bons, hydrogen, and oxygenates.Aviation Gasoline, Finished: A complex mixturbons with or without small quantities of additivefor use in aviation reciprocating engines. Fuel speSpecification D910 and Military Specification MIL

components are not counted in data on finished av

Fuel, Kerosene-Type; and Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Ty

Barrel (Petroleum): A unit of volume equal to 42 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 

Glossary
Barrels per Calendar Day: The amount of input that a distillation facility can

process under usual operating conditions. The amount is expressed in terms ofcapacity during a 24-hour period and reduces the maximum processing capability ofall units at the facility under continuous operation to account for the following limitations that may delay, interrupt, or slow down production: 1) the capability ofdownstream processing units to absorb the output of crude oil processing facilities

of a given refinery (no reduction is necessary for intermediate streams that aredistributed to other than downstream facilities as part of a refinery’s normal operation); 2) the types and grades of inputs to be processed; 3) the types and grades ofproducts expected to be manufactured; 4) the environmental constraints associatedwith refinery operations; 5) the reduction of capacity for scheduled downtime due tosuch conditions as routine inspection, maintenance, repairs, and turnaround; and 6)the reduction of capacity for unscheduled downtime due to such conditions asmechanical problems, repairs, and slowdowns.Base Gas: The volume of gas needed as a permanent inventory to maintainadequate underground storage reservoir pressures and deliverability rates throughout the withdrawal season. All native gas is included in the base gas volume.Biodiesel: Any liquid biofuel suitable as a diesel fuel substitute or diesel fuel additive or extender. Biodiesel can be made from transesterification of oils of vegetables

such as soybeans, rapeseed, or sunflowers (end product known as methyl ester) orfrom animal tallow (end product known as methyl tallowate). Biodiesel can also bemade by transesterification of hydrocarbons produced by the Fisher-Tropsch process from agricultural byproducts such as rice hulls.

Biomass: Organic nonfossil material of biological origin constituting a renewable

energy source. See Ethanol, Wood Energy, and Waste Energy.Bituminous Coal: A dense coal, usually black, sometimes dark brown, often with

well-defined bands of bright and dull material, used primarily as fuel in steamelectric power generation, with substantial quantities also used for heat and powerapplications in manufacturing and making coke. Bituminous coal is the most abundant coal in active U.S. mining regions. Its moisture content usually is less than 20

percent. The heat content of bituminous coal ranges from 21 to 30 million Btu per

short ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of bituminous coalconsumed in the United States averages 24 million Btu per short ton, on theas-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter). See

Coal Rank.Black Liquor: A byproduct of the paper production process, alkaline spent liquor,that can be used as a source of energy. Alkaline spent liquor is removed from the

digesters in the process of chemically pulping wood. "black" liquor is burned as a fuel in a recovery furnacertain basic chemicals.British Thermal Unit (Btu): The quantity of heat reof 1 pound of liquid water by 1 degree Fahrenheit at has its greatest density (approximately 39 degrees Fah

Btu: See British Thermal Unit.

Bunker Fuels: Fuel supplied to ships and aircrafconsisting primarily of residual fuel oil and dis

kerosene-type jet fuel for aircraft. The term “internadenote the consumption of fuel for international trapurposes of greenhouse gas emissions inventories, d

tion of international bunker fuels are subtracted frHistorically, bunker fuels have meant only ship fuel.Butane: A normally gaseous straight-chain or 

(C4H10) extracted from natural gas or refinery gas 

and normal butane and is designated in ASTM Specessors Association Specifications for commercial buta

Isobutane: A normally gaseous branched-ch

less paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature is extracted from natural gas or refinery gas Normal Butane: A normally gaseous straicolorless paraffinic gas that boils at a tempeheit. It is extracted from natural gas or refine

Butylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon (C4H8) recovere

Capacity: See Generator Capacity.

Capacity Factor: See Generator Capacity Factor.

Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless, non-poison

part of Earth’s atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a produ

well as other processes. It is considered a greenhousenergy) radiated by the Earth into the atmosphere potential for global warming. The global warmingreenhouse gases is measured in relation to that of cnational scientific convention is assigned a value of o

378 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent: The amount of carbon dioxide by weight emitted

into the atmosphere that would produce the same estimated radiative forcing as agiven weight of another radiatively active gas. Carbon dioxide equivalents arecomputed by multiplying the weight of the gas being measured (for example, methane) by its estimated global warming potential (which is 21 for methane). “Carbon

equivalent units” are defined as carbon dioxide equivalents multiplied by the carboncontent of carbon dioxide (i.e., 12/44).Chained Dollars: A measure used to express real prices. Real prices are those that

have been adjusted to remove the effect of changes in the purchasing power of thedollar; they usually reflect buying power relative to a reference year. Prior to 1996,real prices were expressed in constant dollars, a measure based on the weights ofgoods and services in a single year, usually a recent year. In 1996, the U.S. Department of Commerce introduced the chained-dollar measure. The new measure isbased on the average weights of goods and services in successive pairs of years. It is“chained” because the second year in each pair, with its weights, becomes the firstyear of the next pair. The advantage of using the chained-dollar measure is that it ismore closely related to any given period covered and is therefore subject to lessdistortion over time.Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC): Any of various compounds consisting of carbon,hydrogen, chlorine, and flourine used as refrigerants. CFCs are now thought to beharmful to the Earth’s atmosphere. City Gate: A point or measuring station at which a distribution gas utility receivesgas from a natural gas pipeline company or transmission system.

Climate Change: A term used to refer to all forms of climatic inconsistency, butespecially to significant change from one prevailing climatic condition to another.In some cases, “climate change” has been used synonymously with the term “globalwarming”; scientists, however, tend to use the term in a wider sense to includenatural changes in climate as well as climatic cooling.Coal: A readily combustible black or brownish-black rock whose composition,including inherent moisture, consists of more than 50 percent by weight and morethan 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material. It is formed from plantremains that have been compacted, hardened, chemically altered, and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geologic time. See Coal Rank. 

Coal Coke: See Coke, Coal.

Coal Rank: The classification of coals according to their degree of progressive

alteration from lignite to anthracite. In the United States, the standard ranks of coalinclude lignite, subbituminous coal, bituminous coal, and anthracite and are

based on fixed carbon, volatile matter, heating valu

properties.Coal Stocks: Coal quantities that are held in stora

Note: When coal data are collected for a particular or year), coal stocks are commonly measured as of Coal Synfuel: Coal-based solid fuel that has bplant; and coal-based fuels such as briquettes, formed from fresh or recycled coal and binding ma

Coal Synfuel Plant: A plant engaged in the che

coal synfuel.Coke, Coal: A solid carbonaceous residue deriveminous coal from which the volatile constituentoven at temperatures as high as 2,000 degrees Faand residual ash are fused together. Coke is used asmelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Coke from chas a heating value of 24.8 million Btu per short t

Coke, Petroleum: A residue high in carbon con

the final product of thermal decomposition in the This product is reported as marketable coke or cbarrels (of 42 U.S. gallons each) per short ton. C

ing value of 6.024 million Btu per barrel. Combined-Heat-and-Power (CHP) Plant: A plaand electricity. If one or more units of the plant is 

is designated as a CHP plant. Note: This term is “cogenerator” that was used by EIA in the past. Cbecause some of the plants included do not produfashion and, as a result, do not meet the legal definthe Public Utility Regulatory Polices Act (PURPA

Commercial Building: A building with more than 

for commercial activities. Commercial buildings stores, offices, schools, churches, gymnasiums, libics, warehouses, and jails. Government buildings military bases or reservations.Commercial Sector: An energy-consuming providing facilities and equipment of: businesses; ments; and other private and public organizatio

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
fraternal groups. The commercial sector includes institutional living quarters. It also

includes sewage treatment facilities. Common uses of energy associated with thissector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking, and running a wide variety of other equipment. Note: This sector

includes generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal outputprimarily to support the activities of the above-mentioned commercial establishments. Various EIA programs differ in sectoral coverage—for more information see http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebcom.htm. See EndUse Sectors and Energy-Use Sectors.

Completion (Crude Oil/Natural Gas Production): The term refers to the installation of permanent equipment for the production of crude oil or natural gas. If a

well is equipped to produce only crude oil or natural gas from one zone or reservoir,the definition of a “well” (classified as a crude oil well or natural gas well) and the

definition of a “completion” are identical. However, if a well is equipped to producecrude oil and/or natural gas separately from more than one reservoir, a “well” is notsynonymous with a “completion.”Compressed Natural Gas (CNG): Natural gas compressed to a volume and

density that is practical as a portable fuel supply (even when compressed, naturalgas is not a liquid).Conventional Hydroelectric Power: See Hydroelectric Power, Conventional.

Conventional Motor Gasoline: See Motor Gasoline, Conventional.Conversion Factor: A number that translates units of one system into corresponding values of another system. Conversion factors can be used to translate physicalunits of measure for various fuels into Btu equivalents.Cooling Tower: A common type of environmental equipment installed at electricpower plants used to transfer heat, produced by burning fuel, to the atmosphere.Cooling towers are installed where there is insufficient cooling water available orwhere waste heat discharged into cooling water would affect marine life.Criteria Pollutant: A pollutant determined to be hazardous to human health and

regulated under the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National AmbientAir Quality Standards. The 1970 amendments to the Clean Air Act require EPA todescribe the health and welfare impacts of a pollutant as the “criteria” for inclusionin the regulatory regime.Crude Oil: A mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in liquid phase in natural underground reservoirs and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through

surface separating facilities. Depending upon the characteristics of the crude stream,

it may also include: 1) small amounts of hydrocarbonnatural underground reservoirs but are liquid at atmrecovered from oil well (casinghead) gas in lease secommingled with the crude stream without being condensate recovered as a liquid from natural gas wfacilities and later mixed into the crude stream is also nonhydrocarbons produced with the oil, such as suldrip gases, and liquid hydrocarbons produced from and oil shale. Liquids produced at natural gas processoil is refined to produce a wide array of petroleum 

oils; gasoline, diesel and jet fuels; lubricants; as

butane; and many other products used for their energ

Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Price: The domestic crude oil, consistent with the removal pric

the Windfall Profits Tax on Domestic Crude Oil (P[c]).Crude Oil Landed Cost: The price of crude oil at t

charges associated with purchasing, transporting, apurchase point to the port of discharge. The cost doeat the discharge port (e.g., import tariffs or fees, wharCrude Oil Refiner Acquisition Cost: The cost of cing transportation and other fees. The composite codomestic and imported crude oil costs. The refiner acthe cost of crude oil purchased for the Strategic Petr

Crude Oil Refinery Input: The total crude oil 

refineries.Crude Oil Stocks: Stocks of crude oil and lease copetroleum pipelines, at pipeline terminals, and on leaCrude Oil Used Directly: Crude oil consumed as 

and on crude oil leases.Crude Oil Well: A well completed for the producmore crude oil zones or reservoirs. Wells producing are classified as crude oil wells.

380 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Cubic Foot (Natural Gas) The amount of natural gas contained at standard

temperature and pressure (60 degrees Fahrenheit and 14.73 pounds standard persquare inch) in a cube whose edges are one foot long.Degree-Day Normals: Simple arithmetic averages of monthly or annual degreedays over a long period of time (usually the 30-year period 1971–2000). The averages may be simple degree-day normals or population-weighted degree-day

normals.Degree-Days, Cooling (CDD): A measure of how warm a location is over a periodof time relative to a base temperature, most commonly specified as 65 degrees Fahrenheit. The measure is computed for each day by subtracting the base temperature(65 degrees) from the average of the day’s high and low temperatures, with negativevalues set equal to zero. Each day’s cooling degree-days are summed to create acooling degree-day measure for a specified reference period. Cooling degree-daysare used in energy analysis as an indicator of air conditioning energy requirementsor use.Degree-Days, Heating (HDD): A measure of how cold a location is over a periodof time relative to a base temperature, most commonly specified as 65 degrees Fahrenheit. The measure is computed for each day by subtracting the average of theday’s high and low temperatures from the base temperature (65 degrees), with negative values set equal to zero. Each day’s heating degree-days are summed to create aheating degree-day measure for a specified reference period. Heating degree-daysare used in energy analysis as an indicator of space heating energy requirements oruse.Degree-Days, Population-Weighted: Heating or cooling degree-days weighted

by the population of the area in which the degree-days are recorded. To computeState population-weighted degree-days, each State is divided into from one to nine

climatically homogeneous divisions, which are assigned weights based on the ratioof the population of the division to the total population of the State. Degree-dayreadings for each division are multiplied by the corresponding population weight for

each division and those products are then summed to arrive at the State populationweighted degree-day figure. To compute national population-weighted degree-days,

the Nation is divided into nine Census regions, each comprising from three to eightStates, which are assigned weights based on the ratio of the population of the regionto the total population of the Nation. Degree-day readings for each region are multiplied by the corresponding population weight for each region and those products arethen summed to arrive at the national population-weighted degree-day figure.Demand-Side Management: The planning, implementation, and monitoring ofelectric utility activities designed to encourage consumers to modify patterns ofelectricity usage, including the timing and level of electricity demand.

Demonstrated Reserve Base (Coal): A collectivmeasured and indicated resource categories of relof the in-place coal in those categories as of a certanous coal and anthracite 28 or more inches thick 

60 or more inches thick that can occur at depths obeds of lignite 60 or more inches thick that can thinner and/or deeper beds that currently are beevidence that they could be mined commercially portion of the identified coal resource from which rDevelopment Well: A well drilled within the prov

gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon Diesel Fuel: A fuel composed of distillate fuel o

operation or blends of such distillate fuel oils wit

vehicles. The boiling point and specific gravity argasoline. Direct Use: Use of electricity that 1) is self-gener

same entity that consumes the power or an affiliatof a service or industrial process located within th

ties that house the generating equipment. Direct usDistillate Fuel Oil: A general classification for 

produced in conventional distillation operations. oils. Products known as No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 ddiesel engines, such as those found in cars and engines, such as those in railroad locomotives and known as No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 fuel oils are use

electricity generation.Distillation Unit (Atmospheric): The primary crude oil (including mixtures of other hydroca

pheric conditions. It includes a pipe still for vaptionation tower for separating the vaporized hydroil into fractions with different boiling ranges. Thizing and condensing the components to separate hselected boiling ranges are set by the processing scoil, and the product specifications.District Heat: Steam or hot water from an outside 

in a building. The steam or hot water is produced ithe building. District heat may be purchased from 

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
plant in a separate building that is part of the same facility (for example, a hospital

complex or university).Dry Hole: An exploratory well or development well found to be incapable ofproducing either crude oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to justify completion as a crude oil well or natural gas well.Dry Natural Gas: See Natural Gas, Dry.

Dry Natural Gas Production: See Natural Gas (Dry) Production.

Dual-Fired Unit: A generating unit that can produce electricity using two or

more input fuels. In some of these units, only the primary fuel can be used continuously; the alternate fuel(s) can be used only as a start-up fuel or in emergencies.Electric Energy: The ability of an electric current to produce work, heat, light, or

other forms of energy. It is measured in kilowatthours.

Electric Power Plant: A station containing prime movers, electric generators, and

auxiliary equipment for converting mechanical, chemical, and/or fission energy into

electricity.Electric Power Sector: An energy-consuming sector that consists of electricityonly and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS (NorthAmerican Industry Classification System) 22 category whose primary business is tosell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. Note: This sector includes electric utilities and independent power producers. See Energy-Use Sectors.

Electric Utility: A corporation, person, agency, authority, or other legal entity orinstrumentality aligned with distribution facilities for delivery of electric energy for

use primarily by the public. Included are investor-owned electric utilities, municipaland State utilities, Federal electric utilities, and rural electric cooperatives. A fewentities that are tariff based and corporately aligned with companies that own distribution facilities are also included. Electric utilities are included in the electricpower sector. Note: Due to the issuance of FERC Order 888 that required traditional electric utilities to functionally unbundle their generation, transmission, anddistribution operations, “electric utility” currently has inconsistent interpretationsfrom State to State. See Electric Power Sector.Electrical System Energy Losses: The amount of energy lost during generation,

transmission, and distribution of electricity, including plant and unaccounted-foruses.

Electricity: A form of energy characterized by the ptary charged particles generated by friction, inductionElectricity Generation: The process of producing 

of electric energy produced by transforming other expressed in kilowatthours (kWh) or megawattho

Generation, Gross and Electricity Generation, NetElectricity Generation, Gross: The total amount o

generating units and measured at the generating termElectricity Generation, Net: The amount of gro

station use (the electric energy consumed at the g

service or auxiliaries). Note: Electricity required f

pumped-storage plants is regarded as electricity for from gross generation.Electricity Retail Sales: The amount of electricity 

other energy service providers to customers purch

use and not for resale. These sales are usually grouperesidential, commercial, industrial, and other. “Otherstreet and highway lighting and other sales to publiinterdepartmental sales.Electricity-Only Plant: A plant designed to p

Combined-Heat-and-Power (CHP) Plant.Emissions: Anthropogenic releases of gases to the 

global climate change, they consist of radiatively 

(e.g., the release of carbon dioxide during fuel comb

End-Use Sectors: The residential, commercial, insectors of the economy. See Energy-Use Sectors.Energy: The capacity for doing work as measured b(potential energy) or the conversion of this capabili

Energy has several forms, some of which are easily c

to another form useful for work. Most of the world’s fossil fuels that are burned to produce heat that is themechanical or other means in order to accomplish ta

measured in kilowatthours, while heat energy is usu

mal units.

382 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Energy Consumption: The use of energy as a source of heat or power or as an

input in the manufacturing process.Energy Expenditures: The money spent directly by consumers to purchaseenergy. Expenditures equal the amount of energy used by the consumer times theprice per unit paid by the consumer.Energy Service Provider: An energy entity that provides service to a retail or enduse customer.Energy Source: Any substance or natural phenomenon that can be consumed ortransformed to supply heat or power. Examples include petroleum, coal, natural

gas, nuclear, wood, waste, electricity, wind, geothermal, sunlight (solar energy),

water movement, and hydrogen in fuel cells.

Energy-Use Sectors: A group of major energy-consuming components of

U.S. society developed to measure and analyze energy use. The sectors mostcommonly referred to in EIA are: residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and electric power.

Ethane: A normally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon (C2H6). It is a colorless,

paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of -127.48 degrees Fahrenheit. It isextracted from natural gas and refinery gas streams.Ether: The family name applied to a group of organic chemical compoundscomposed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and which are characterized by anoxygen atom attached to two carbon atoms (for example, methyl tertiary butylether).Ethanol (CH3-CH2OH): A clear, colorless, flammable oxygenated hydrocarbon.

Ethanol is typically produced chemically from ethylene, or biologically from

fermentation of various sugars from carbohydrates found in agricultural crops andcellulosic residues from crops or wood. It is used in the United States as a gasolineoctane enhancer and oxygenate (blended up to 10 percent concentration). Ethanol

can also be used in high concentrations (E85) in vehicles designed for its use. SeeAlcohol and Fuel Ethanol.Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (ETBE): A colorless, flammable, oxygenated hydrocarbon blend stock, (CH3)3COC2H5, formed by the catalytic etherification of

isobutylene with ethanol. See Oxygenates.

Ethylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon recovered fchemical processes. Ethylene is used as a petroc

chemical applications and the production of consumExploratory Well: A well drilled to find and pro

an area previously considered unproductive, to find (i.e., one previously producing crude oil or naturaextend the limit of a known crude oil or natural gas Exports: Shipments of goods from within the 50 bia to U.S. possessions and territories or to foreign Extraction Loss: The reduction in volume of na

natural gas liquid constituents such as ethane, pr

processing plants.Federal Energy Administration (FEA): A predeAdministration. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERjurisdiction over interstate electricity sales, whollicensing, natural gas pricing, petroleum pipelin

certification. FERC is an independent regulatory Energy and is the successor to the Federal Power CFederal Power Commission (FPC): The predEnergy Regulatory Commission. The Federal Poan Act of Congress under the Federal Water Powcharged originally with regulating the electric powwas abolished on September 30, 1977, when the DIts functions were divided between the DepartmEnergy Regulatory Commission, an independent reFinancial Reporting System (FRS): The Enerstatutory requirement to identify major energy-pand implement a data-reporting program for energy 

tion from these companies. Companies are select

publicly-owned U.S. crude oil producers that hproduction or reserves of crude oil, natural gasStates, or 1 percent of either refining capacity or 

United States.Finished Motor Gasoline: See Motor Gasoline, 

First Purchase Price: See Crude Oil Domestic F

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
First Use: Manufacturing establishments’ consumption of the energy that was

originally produced offsite or was produced onsite from input materials not classified as energy.Fiscal Year: The U.S. Government’s fiscal year runs from October 1 throughSeptember 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends;e.g., fiscal year 2004 began on October 1, 2002, and ended on September 30, 2004.Flared Natural Gas: See Natural Gas, Flared.F.O.B.: See Free on Board.

Footage Drilled: Total footage for wells in various categories, as reported for any

specified period, includes (1) the deepest total depth (length of well bores) of allwells drilled from the surface, (2) the total of all bypassed footage drilled in connection with reported wells, and (3) all new footage drilled for directional sidetrack

wells. Footage reported for directional sidetrack wells does not include footage inthe common bore, which is reported as footage for the original well. In the case of

old wells drilled deeper, the reported footage is that which was drilled below thetotal depth of the old well.Former U.S.S.R.: See U.S.S.R.

Forward Costs (Uranium): The operating and capital costs that will be incurred inany future production of uranium from in-place reserves. Included are costs for

labor, materials, power and fuel, royalties, payroll taxes, insurance, and general andadministrative costs that are dependent upon the quantity of production and, thus,applicable as variable costs of production. Excluded from forward costs are priorexpenditures, if any, incurred for property acquisition, exploration, mine development, and mill construction, as well as income taxes, profit, and the cost of money.Note: By use of forward costing, estimates of reserves for uranium ore deposits in

differing geological settings can be aggregated and reported as the maximumamount that can theoretically be extracted to recover the specified costs of uraniumoxide production under the listed forward cost categories.Fossil Fuel: An energy source formed in the Earth’s crust from decayed organic

material, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas.

Fossil-Fueled Steam-Electric Power Plant: An electric power plant in which theprime mover is a turbine rotated by high-pressure steam produced in a boiler byheat from burning fossil fuels.

Fractionation: The process by which saturated hydnatural gas and separated into distinct parts, or butane, and ethane.Free Alongside Ship (F.A.S.): The value of exportation, generally including the purchase price pling the commodity alongside the carrier at the port of Free on Board (F.O.B.): A sales transaction in whiavailable for pick up at a specified port or terminal at pays for the subsequent transportation and insurance.Free on Board (F.O.B.) Rail/Barge Price: The fre

point of first sale. It excludes freight or shipping and Fuel Ethanol: An anhydrous, denatured aliphatic alc

motor gasoline blending. See Ethanol and OxygenFull-Power Operation: Operation of a nuclear gen

its design capacity. Full-power operation precedes coGasohol: A blend of finished motor gasoline conta

nol but sometimes methanol) at a concentration betw

by volume. See Oxygenates. Generating Unit: Any combination of physically c

boilers, combustion turbines, or other prime moverelectric power.Generator: A machine that converts mechanical eneGenerator Capacity: The maximum output, comm(MW), that generating equipment can supply to systconditions. See Generator Nameplate (Installed) 

Summer Capacity.Generator Capacity Factor: The ratio of the elgenerating unit for a given period of time to the ebeen produced at continuous full-power operation durGenerator Nameplate (Installed) Capacity: The generator, prime mover, or other electric power specific conditions designated by the manufacturer. 

384 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
capacity is commonly expressed in megawatts (MW) and is usually indicated on a

nameplate physically attached to the generator.Generator Net Summer Capacity: The maximum output, commonly expressed inmegawatts (MW), that generating equipment can supply to system load, as demonstrated by a multi-hour test, at the time of summer peak demand (period of June 1through September 30). This output reflects a reduction in capacity due to electricityuse for station service or auxiliaries.Geothermal Energy: Hot water or steam extracted from geothermal reservoirs in

the Earth’s crust and used for geothermal heat pumps, water heating, or electricitygeneration.Global Warming: An increase in the near-surface temperature of the Earth. Global

warming has occurred in the distant past as the result of natural influences, but theterm is today most often used to refer to the warming some scientists predict willoccur as a result of increased anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. SeeClimate Change.Global Warming Potential (GWP): An index used to compare the relative radiative forcing of different gases without directly calculating the changes in atmospheric concentrations. GWPs are calculated as the ratio of the radiative forcing thatwould result from the emission of one kilogram of a greenhouse gas to that fromthe emission of one kilogram of carbon dioxide over a period of time, such as 100

years.Greenhouse Gases: Those gases, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous

oxide, methane, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and

sulfur hexafluoride, that are transparent to solar (short-wave) radiation but opaqueto long-wave radiation, thus preventing long-wave radiant energy from leaving theEarth’s atmosphere. The net effect is a trapping of absorbed radiation and atendency to warm the planet’s surface.Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of goods and services producedby labor and property located in the United States. As long as the labor and propertyare located in the United States, the supplier (that is, the workers and, for property,the owners) may be either U.S. residents or residents of foreign countries.Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Implicit Price Deflator: A measure used toconvert nominal prices to real prices. See Chained Dollars.

Gross Electricity Generation: See Electricity Generation, Gross.Gross Withdrawals: See Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals.

Gross Input to Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillat

pheric crude oil distillation units. Includes all crud

gas plant liquids, unfinished oils, liquefied refliquid hydrocarbons produced from tar sands, gilsHeat Content: The amount of heat energy availamation or use of a specified physical unit of an ebarrel of oil, a kilowatthour of electricity, a cubic steam). The amount of heat energy is commonunits (Btu). Note: Heat content of combustible e

terms of either gross heat content (higher or upper (lower heating value), depending upon whether includes or excludes the energy used to vaporize energy form or created during the combustion prAdministration typically uses gross heat content vaHeat Rate: A measure of generating station thermBtu per kilowatthour. Note: Heat rates can be heat rates, depending whether the electricity outpurates are typically expressed as net heat rates.Household: A family, an individual, or a group occupying the same housing unit. “Occupy” mperson’s usual or permanent place of residence.Housing Unit: A house, an apartment, a group oeither occupied or intended for occupancy as separindividual, or a group of one to nine unrelated means the occupants (1) live and eat separately frapartment and (2) have direct access from the outcommon hall—that is, they can get to it withouliving quarters. Housing units do not include group ing homes where ten or more unrelated persons livresidents is an indication of group quarters. Hotel housing units if occupied as the usual or permanenHydrocarbon: An organic chemical compound gaseous, liquid, or solid phase. The molecular struvaries from the simplest (methane, a constituent o

and very complex.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
Hydroelectric Power: The production of electricity from the kinetic energy of

falling water. See Hydroelectric Power, Conventional and HydroelectricPumped Storage.Hydroelectric Power, Conventional: Hydroelectric power generated from flowing water that is not created by hydroelectric pumped storage.Hydroelectric Pumped Storage: Hydroelectric power that is generated duringpeak load periods by using water previously pumped into an elevated storage reservoir during off-peak periods when excess generating capacity is available to do so.When additional generating capacity is needed, the water can be released from thereservoir through a conduit to turbine generators located in an electric power

plant at a lower level.Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs): A group of man-made chemicals composed of oneor two carbon atoms and varying numbers of hydrogen and fluorine atoms. Most

HFCs have 100-year global warming potentials in the thousands.

Hydrogen (H): The lightest of all gases, hydrogen occurs chiefly in combinationwith oxygen in water. It also exists in acids, bases, alcohols, petroleum, and otherhydrocarbons.Implicit Price Deflator: See Chained Dollars.Imports: Receipts of goods into the 50 States and the District of Columbia fromU.S. possessions and territories or from foreign countries.Independent Power Producer: A corporation, person, agency, authority, or otherlegal entity or instrumentality that owns or operates facilities for the generation ofelectricity for use primarily by the public, and that is not an electric utility. Independent power producers are included in the electric power sector.Indicated Resources, Coal: Coal for which estimates of the coal rank, quality,

and quantity are based partly on sample analyses and measurements and partly onreasonable geologic projections. Indicated resources are computed partly fromspecified measurements and partly from projection of visible data for a reasonabledistance on the basis of geologic evidence. The points of observation are 1⁄2 to 11⁄2miles apart. Indicated coal is projected to extend as a 1⁄2-mile-wide belt that liesmore than 1⁄4 mile from the outcrop or points of observation or measurement.Industrial Sector: An energy-consuming sector that consists of all facilities and

equipment used for producing, processing, or assembling goods. The industrialsector encompasses the following types of activity: manufacturing (NAICS codes

31-33); agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (NAICS code 11); mining,

including oil and gas extraction (NAICS code 21); a23). Overall energy use in this sector is largely for powering machinery, with lesser amounts used for faand lighting. Fossil fuels are also used as raw materiaucts. Note: This sector includes generators that prothermal output primarily to support the above-mVarious EIA programs differ in sectoral coverag

http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/GuideforSectors and Energy-Use Sectors.

Isobutane: See Butane.Isobutylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon recovered fr

chemical processes.Isopentane: A saturated branched-chain hydrocarb

of natural gasoline or isomerization of normal penta

Jet Fuel: A refined petroleum product used in jet a

Kerosene-Type and Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Type.Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type: A kerosene-based produtemperature of 400 degrees Fahrenheit at the 10-permaximum boiling point of 572 degrees Fahrenheit an1655 and Military Specifications MIL-T-5624P and and JP-8). It is used for commercial and military tengines.Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Type: A fuel in the heavy napht

age gravity of 52.8o API, 20 to 90 percent distillatidegrees Fahrenheit, and meeting Military SpecificatioIt is used primarily for military turbojet and turbophas a lower freeze point than other aviation fuels and 

high altitudes and speeds.Kerosene: A light petroleum distillate that is used 

and water heaters and is suitable for use as a light solamps. Kerosene has a maximum distillation tempera

at the 10-percent recovery point, a final boiling point a minimum flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit. 2-K, the two grades recognized by ASTM Specificatgrades of kerosene called range or stove oil, which hof No. 1 fuel oil. See Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type.

386 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel: See Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type.

Kilowatt: A unit of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts.

Kilowatthour (kWh): A measure of electricity defined as a unit of work or

energy, measured as 1 kilowatt (1,000 watts) of power expended for 1 hour.

One kilowatthour is equivalent to 3,412 Btu. See Watthour.

Landed Cost: See Crude Oil Landed Cost.Lease and Plant Fuel: Natural gas used in well, field, and lease operations (such

as natural gas used in drilling operations, heaters, dehydrators, and field compressors) and used as fuel in natural gas processing plants.Lease Condensate: A mixture consisting primarily of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons which is recovered as a liquid from natural gas in lease separation facilities. This category excludes natural gas plant liquids, such as butane and

propane, which are recovered at downstream natural gas processing plants or facilities. Lignite: The lowest rank of coal, often referred to as brown coal, used almost

exclusively as fuel for steam-electric power generation. It is brownish-black and has

a high inherent moisture content, sometimes as high as 45 percent. The heat contentof lignite ranges from 9 to 17 million Btu per short ton on a moist, mineral-matterfree basis. The heat content of lignite consumed in the United States averages 13million Btu per short ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent

moisture and mineral matter). See Coal Rank.Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG): Natural gas (primarily methane) that has been

liquefied by reducing its temperature to -260 degrees Fahrenheit at atmosphericpressure.Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG): A group of hydrocarbon-based gases derived

from crude oil refining or natural gas fractionation. They include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, isobutane, and isobutylene.

For convenience of transportation, these gases are liquefied through pressurization.Liquefied Refinery Gases (LRG): Liquefied petroleum gases fractionated from

refinery or still gases. Through compression and/or refrigeration, they are retainedin the liquid state. The reported categories are ethane/ethylene, propane/propylene, normal butane/butylene, and isobutane. Excludes still gas.

Losses: See Electrical System Energy Losses.

Low-Power Testing: The period of time betwinitial fuel loading date and the issuance of its opmaximum level of operation during that period is 5 mal rating.Lubricants: Substances used to reduce friction b

porated into other materials used as processing products, or used as carriers of other materialsproduced either from distillates or residues. Lubricating oils, from spindle oil to cylinder oil, and thoManufacturing: An energy-consuming subsectconsists of all facilities and equipment engaged in cal, or electronic transformation of materials, subproducts. Assembly of component parts of prodwhich is included in construction.Measured Resources, Coal: Coal resources for w

quality, and quantity have been computed, within percent, from sample analyses and measurements cally well known sample sites. Measured resourcerevealed in outcrops, trenches, mine workings, and vation and measurement are so closely spaced and are so well defined that the tonnage is judged tAlthough the spacing of the point of observation nity of the coal differs from region to region, accor

beds, the points of observation are no greater tha

projected to extend as a belt 1⁄4 mile wide from the or measurement.Methane: A colorless, flammable, odorless hydr

major component of natural gas. It is also an impo

ous industrial processes.Methanol: A light, volatile alcohol (CH3OH

blending. See Oxygenates.

Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE): An et

motor gasoline blending. See Oxygenates.Miscellaneous Petroleum Products: All finished fied elsewhere—for example, petrolatum, lube extracts and tars), absorption oils, ram-jet fuel, natural gas feedstocks, and specialty oils.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
Motor Gasoline Blending: Mechanical mixing of motor gasoline blending

components and oxygenates as required, to produce finished motor gasoline.

Finished motor gasoline may be further mixed with other motor gasoline blendingcomponents or oxygenates, resulting in increased volumes of finished motor gasoline and/or changes in the formulation of finished motor gasoline (e.g., conventional motor gasoline mixed with MTBE to produce oxygenated motor gasoline).Motor Gasoline Blending Components: Naphthas (e.g., straight-run gasoline,

alkylate, reformate, benzene, toluene, xylene) used for blending or compoundinginto finished motor gasoline. These components include reformulated gasolineblendstock for oxygenate blending (RBOB) but exclude oxygenates (alcohols,

ethers), butane, and pentanes plus. Note: Oxygenates are reported as individual

components and are included in the total for other hydrocarbons, hydrogen, and

oxygenates.Motor Gasoline, Conventional: Finished motor gasoline not included in the

oxygenated or reformulated motor gasoline categories. Note: This category

excludes reformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygenate blending (RBOB) as wellas other blendstock. Conventional motor gasoline can be leaded or unleaded;regular, midgrade, or premium. See Motor Gasoline Grades.

Motor Gasoline, Finished: A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quantities of additives, blended to form a fuel suitablefor use in spark-ignition. Motor gasoline, as defined in ASTM Specification D-4814or Federal Specification VV-G-1690C, is characterized as having a boiling range of122oF to 158oF at the 10-percent recovery point to 365oF to 374oF at the 90-percentrecovery point. “Motor gasoline” includes conventional motor gasoline, all types

of oxygenated motor gasoline including gasohol, and reformulated motor gasoline, but excludes aviation gasoline. Note: Volumetric data on motor gasoline

blending components, as well as oxygenates, are not counted in data on finished

motor gasoline until the blending components are blended into the gasoline.Motor Gasoline Grades: The classification of gasoline by octane ratings. Eachtype of gasoline (conventional, oxygenated, and reformulated; leaded or

unleaded) is classified by three grades: regular, midgrade, and premium. Note:

Motor gasoline sales are reported by grade in accordance with their classification atthe time of sale. In general, automotive octane requirements are lower at high altitudes. Therefore, in some areas of the United States, such as the Rocky MountainStates, the octane ratings for the gasoline grades may be 2 or more octane pointslower.

Regular Gasoline: Gasoline having an antikngreater than or equal to 85 and less than 88. Midgrade Gasoline: Gasoline having an antikgreater than or equal to 88 and less than or equaPremium Gasoline: Gasoline having an antikngreater than 90.

Motor Gasoline, Oxygenated: Finished motor gas

motor gasoline, having an oxygen content of 2.7 perequired by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agedesignated by EPA as carbon monoxide (CO) nonatt

ated gasoline excludes reformulated gasoline, oxygelated gasoline (OPRG), and reformulated gasoline bleing (RBOB). It can be formulated for regular, midMotor Gasoline Grades.Motor Gasoline, Reformulated: Finished motor 

motor vehicles, the composition and properties of wthe reformulated gasoline regulations promulgated Protection Agency under Section 211(k) of the Clean includes oxygenated fuels program reformulated greformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygenate blenlated for regular, midgrade, and premium grades. See 

MTBE: See Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether.

NAICS: See North American Industry Classificati

Naphtha: A generic term applied to a petroleum 

boiling range between 122 and 400o F.Naphtha-Type Jet Fuel: See Jet Fuel, Naphtha-TyNatural Gas: A gaseous mixture of hydrocarbon cused as a fuel for electricity generation and in a vaas raw material input and fuel for industrial processesNatural Gas, Dry: Natural gas which remains afte

bon portion has been removed from the gas stream (iplant separation); and 2) any volumes of nonhy

388 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
removed where they occur in sufficient quantity to render the gas unmarketable.

Note: Dry natural gas is also known as consumer-grade natural gas. The parametersfor measurement are cubic feet at 60 degrees Fahrenheit and 14.73 pounds persquare inch absolute.Natural Gas (Dry) Production: The process of producing consumer-grade natural

gas. Natural gas withdrawn from reservoirs is reduced by volumes used at theproduction (lease) site and by processing losses. Volumes used at the productionsite include 1) the volume returned to reservoirs in cycling, repressuring of oil reservoirs, and conservation operations; and 2) vented natural gas and flared natural

gas. Processing losses include 1) nonhydrocarbon gases (e.g., water vapor,carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen) removed from the gasstream; and 2) gas converted to liquid form, such as lease condensate and natural

gas plant liquids. Volumes of dry gas withdrawn from gas storage reservoirs arenot considered part of production. Dry natural gas production equals natural gas

marketed production less extraction loss.Natural Gas, Flared: Natural gas burned in flares on the base site or at gas processing plants.Natural Gas Gross Withdrawals: Full well stream volume of produced natural

gas, excluding lease condensate separated at the lease.Natural Gas Liquids (NGL): A general term for all liquid products separated fromnatural gas in gas processing or cycling plants. They include natural gas plant

liquids and lease condensate.Natural Gas Marketed Production: Natural gas gross withdrawals from

production reservoirs, less gas used for reservoir repressuring; nonhydrocarbon

gases removed in treating or processing operations; and quantities of vented natural gas and flared natural gas. Includes all quantities of natural gas used in field

and processing operations.Natural Gas Pipeline: A continuous pipe conduit, complete with such equipmentas valves, compressor stations, communications systems, and meters, for transporting natural gas and/or supplemental gaseous fuels from one point to another,

usually from a point in or beyond the producing field or processing plant to anotherpipeline or to points of utilization. Also refers to a company operating suchfacilities.Natural Gas Plant Liquids (NGPL): Those hydrocarbons in natural gas that are

separated as liquids at downstream gas processing plants, fractionating and cycling

plants, and in some instances at field facilities. Leaucts obtained include liquefied petroleum gases aNatural Gas, Vented: Natural gas released into 

processing plants.Natural Gas Well: A well completed for the pro

or more natural gas zones or reservoirs. (Wells pro

gas are classified as crude oil wells.)Natural Gas Wellhead Price: Price of natural g

reported value at the wellhead by the total quanappropriate agencies of individual producing Statement Service. The price includes all costs prior to ing gathering and compression costs, in addition to similar charges.Natural Gasoline: A mixture of hydrocarbonextracted from natural gas that meets vapor presscations for natural gasoline set by the Gas Processotane, which is a saturated branch-chain hydrocarbnatural gasoline or isomerization of normal pentanNERC: See North American Electric Reliability Net Electricity Generation: See Electricity Gen

Net Summer Capacity: See Generator Net SumNeutral Zone: A 6,200 square-mile area shared eArabia under a 1992 agreement. Nitrogen Oxides (Nox): Compounds of nitrogen a

ing of fossil fuels.

Nominal Dollars: A measure used to express nom

Nominal Price: The price paid for a product or stion. Nominal prices are those that have not been changes in the purchasing power of the dollar; they in which the transaction occurred.Noncoincident Peak Load: The sum of two osystems that do not occur in the same time interva

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
of loads within a limited period of time, such as day, week, month, a heating or

cooling season, and usually for not more than 1 year.Nonhydrocarbon Gases: Typical nonhydrocarbon gases that may be present inreservoir natural gas, such as carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen. 

Normal Butane: See Butane.

North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC): A council formed in 1968

by the electric utility industry to promote the reliability and adequacy of bulk

power supply in the electric utility systems of North America. NERC consists of

regional reliability councils and encompasses essentially all the power regions of thecontiguous United States, Canada, and Mexico. See the various NERC RegionalReliability Councils at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/chg_str_fuel/html/fig02.html.North American Industry Classification System (NAICS): A coding systemdeveloped jointly by the United States, Canada, and Mexico to classify businessesand industries according to the type of economic activity in which they are engaged.NAICS replaces the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes.Nuclear Electric Power (Nuclear Power): Electricity generated by the use of thethermal energy released from the fission of nuclear fuel in a reactor.Nuclear Electric Power Plant: A single-unit or multiunit facility in which heatproduced in one or more reactors by the fissioning of nuclear fuel is used to driveone or more steam turbines.Nuclear Reactor: An apparatus in which a nuclear fission chain reaction can beinitiated, controlled, and sustained at a specific rate. A reactor includes fuel(fissionable material), moderating material to control the rate of fission, a heavywalled pressure vessel to house reactor components, shielding to protect personnel,a system to conduct heat away from the reactor, and instrumentation for monitoringand controlling the reactor's systems.OECD: See Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Offshore: That geographic area that lies seaward of the coastline. In general, thecoastline is the line of ordinary low water along with that portion of the coast that isin direct contact with the open sea or the line marking the seaward limit of inlandwater. If a State agency uses a different basis for classifying onshore and offshoreareas, the State classification is used (e.g., Cook Inlet in Alaska is classified as

offshore; for Louisiana, the coastline is defined as thby subsequent adjudication).Oil: See Crude Oil.OPEC: See Organization of the Petroleum Export

Operable Nuclear Unit: In the United States, a nu

completed low-power testing and is in possession of issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.Operable Refineries: Refineries that were in one of at the beginning of a given year: in operation; not in repair, but capable of being placed into operatiooperation, but under active repair that could be complOperating Income: Operating revenues less operatinother revenue and expense, such as equity in earnindividends, interest income and expense, income tacumulative effect of accounting changes.Organization for Economic Cooperation and Devnational organization helping governments tackle the ance challenges of a globalized economy. Its memember countries. With active relationships with sgovernmental organizations (NGOs) and civil sociedetails about the organization, see http://www.oecd.orOrganization of the Petroleum Exporting Countrfounded in Baghdad, Iraq, in September 1960, to unify leum policies. OPEC members' national oil ministers 

and, since 1982, to set crude oil production quotas. O

Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela. Betwzation expanded to include Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), Nigeria (1971(1975). Ecuador withdrew in December 1992, and GaAlthough Iraq remains a member of OPEC, Iraqi pro

any OPEC quota agreements since March 1998. 

OPEC's website at: http://www.opec.org/aboutus/hisOther Hydrocarbons: Materials received by a ref

material. Includes hydrogen, coal tar derivatives

390 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
received by the refinery for reforming into hydrogen. Natural gas to be used as fuel

is excluded.Oxygenated Motor Gasoline: See Motor Gasoline, Oxygenated.Oxygenates: Substances which, when added to motor gasoline, increase the

amount of oxygen in that gasoline blend. Ethanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE), ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE), and methanol are common oxygenates. See Motor Gasoline, Oxygenated.

Ozone: A molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen. Occurs naturally in thestratosphere and provides a protective layer shielding the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. In the troposphere, it is a chemical oxidant, a greenhouse gas, and amajor component of photochemical smog.PAD Districts: Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts. Geographicaggregations of the 50 States and the District of Columbia into five districts forthe Petroleum Administration for Defense in 1950. The districts were originally instituted for economic and geographic reasons as Petroleum Administration for War (PAW) Districts, which were established in 1942.Particulate Collectors: Equipment used to remove fly ash from the combustiongases of a boiler plant before discharge to the atmosphere. Particulate collectorsinclude electrostatic precipitators, mechanical collectors (cyclones, fabric filters[baghouses]), and wet scrubbers.Pentanes Plus: A mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly pentanes and heavier,extracted from natural gas. Includes isopentane, natural gasoline, and plantcondensate.Perfluorocarbons (PFCs): A group of man-made chemicals composed of one ortwo carbon atoms and four to six flourine atoms, containing no chlorine. PFCs haveno commercial uses and are emitted as a byproduct of aluminum smelting and semiconductor manufacturing. PFCs have very high 100-year global warming potentials and are very long-lived in the atmosphere.Petrochemical Feedstocks: Chemical feedstocks derived from petroleum principally for the manufacture of chemicals, synthetic rubber, and a variety of plastics.

Petroleum: A broadly defined class of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures. Included are

crude oil, lease condensate, unfinished oils, refined products obtained from the

processing of crude oil, and natural gas plant liquids. Note: Volumes of finished

petroleum products include nonhydrocarbon codetergents, after they have been blended into the prPetroleum Coke: See Coke, Petroleum.

Petroleum Consumption: See Products SuppliePetroleum Imports: Imports of petroleum into Columbia from foreign countries and from Puerother U.S. territories and possessions. Included are 

leum Reserve and withdrawals from bonded wareoffshore bunker use, and military use. Excluded into bonded warehouses and into U.S. territories anPetroleum Pipeline: Crude oil and product pipe

and petroleum products, respectively (including 

company pipelines), within the 50 States and the DPetroleum Products: Petroleum products are crude oil (including lease condensate), natura

compounds. Petroleum products include unfini

gases, pentanes plus, aviation gasoline, motor 

kerosene-type jet fuel, kerosene, distillate fuel o

cal feedstocks, special naphthas, lubricants, wroad oil, still gas, and miscellaneous petroleum p

Petroleum Stocks, Primary: For individual petare held at refineries, in petroleum pipelines, acapacity of 50,000 barrels or more, or that are iproduct retailers and resellers, as well as terticonsumption, are excluded. Stocks of individual plants are excluded from individual product estimestimates and total.Photovoltaic Energy: Direct-current electricity solid-state semiconductor devices that have no movPhotovoltaic Module: An integrated assembly of designed to deliver a selected level of working terminals, packaged for protection against environmincorporation in photovoltaic power systems.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
Pipeline Fuel: Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines, primarily in

compressors.Plant Condensate: One of the natural gas liquids, mostly pentanes and heavier

hydrocarbons, recovered and separated as liquids at gas inlet separators or scrubbers in processing plants.

Primary Consumption: Includes consumption of coal, natural gas, petroleum,

nuclear electric power, hydroelectric power, wood, waste, alcohol fuels,

geothermal, solar, wind, net imports of coal coke, and net imports of electricity.

Prime Mover: The engine, turbine, water wheel, or similar machine thatdrives an electric generator; or, for reporting purposes, a device that converts

energy to electricity directly. 

Process Fuel: All energy consumed in the acquisition, processing, and transportation of energy. Quantifiable process fuel includes three categories: natural gas lease

and plant operations, natural gas pipeline operations, and oil refinery operations.

Processing Gain: The volumetric amount by which total output is greater thaninput for a given period of time. This difference is due to the processing of crudeoil into petroleum products which, in total, have a lower specific gravity than the

crude oil processed.Processing Loss: The volumetric amount by which total refinery output is less thaninput for a given period of time. This difference is due to the processing of crude

oil into petroleum products which, in total, have a higher specific gravity than the

crude oil processed.Processing Plant (Natural Gas): A surface installation designed to separate andrecover natural gas liquids from a stream of produced natural gas through the

processes of condensation, absorption, refrigeration, or other methods, and tocontrol the quality of natural gas marketed or returned to oil or gas reservoirs forpressure maintenance, repressuring, or cycling.Products Supplied (Petroleum): Approximately represents consumption of petroleum products because it measures the disappearance of these products fromprimary sources, i.e., refineries, natural gas-processing plants, blending plants, pipelines, and bulk terminals. In general, product supplied of each product in any givenperiod is computed as follows: field production, plus refinery production, plusimports, plus unaccounted-for crude oil (plus net receipts when calculated on a PAD

District basis) minus stock change, minus crude oil 

and minus exports.Propane: A normally gaseous straight-chain hydroc

paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of -43.67 defrom natural gas or refinery gas streams. It incluASTM Specification D1835 and Gas Processors Acommercial propane and HD-5 propane.Propylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon (C3H6) recove

petrochemical processes.Proved Reserves, Crude Oil: The estimated quancrude oil that geological and engineering data certainty to be recoverable in future years from kneconomic and operating conditions.Proved Reserves, Lease Condensate: The volumes 

to be recovered in future years in conjunction wreserves of natural gas based on the recovery efficie

ration facilities installed.Proved Reserves, Natural Gas: The estimated qanalysis of geological and engineering data demonstto be recoverable in future years from known reserand operating conditions.Proved Reserves, Natural Gas Liquids: Those vo

(including lease condensate) demonstrated with reable in the future from proved natural gas reserves

operating conditions.Pumped Storage: See Hydroelectric Pumped StorReal Price: A price that has been adjusted to remopurchasing power of the dollar. Real prices, which arusually reflect buying power relative to a base year. Refiner Acquisition Cost of Crude Oil: See CrCost.

392 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Refinery Gas: See Still Gas.

Refinery Input: The raw materials and intermediate materials processed at refineries to produce finished petroleum products. They include crude oil, products of

natural gas processing plants, unfinished oils, other hydrocarbons and alcohol,

motor gasoline blending components and aviation gasoline blending components, and finished petroleum products.

Refinery Output: The total amount of petroleum products produced at a refinery.

Includes petroleum consumed by the refinery.Refinery (Petroleum): An installation that manufactures finished petroleumproducts from crude oil, unfinished oils, natural gas liquids, other hydrocarbons, and alcohol.

Reformulated Gasoline. Finished gasoline formulated for use in motor vehicles,the composition and properties of which meet the requirements of the reformulatedgasoline regulations promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencyunder Section 211(k) of the Clean Air Act. It includes gasoline produced to meet orexceed emissions performance and benzene content standards of federal-program

reformulated gasoline even though the gasoline may not meet all of the compositionrequirements (e.g. oxygen content) of federal-program reformulated gasoline. Note:

This category includes Oxygenated Fuels Program Reformulated Gasoline (OPRG).

Reformulated gasoline excludes Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending(RBOB) and Gasoline Treated as Blendstock (GTAB).Renewable Energy: Energy obtained from sources that are essentially inexhaustible (unlike, for example, fossil fuels, which are in finite supply). Renewable sources

of energy include conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, alcohol fuels,

geothermal, solar, and wind.

Replacement Fuel: The portion of any motor fuel that is methanol, ethanol, or

other alcohols, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gases, hydrogen, coal-derived

liquid fuels, electricity (including electricity from solar energy), ethers, biodiesel,or any other fuel the Secretary of Energy determines, by rule, is substantially notpetroleum and would yield substantial energy security benefits and substantialenvironmental benefits.Repressuring: The injection of gas into crude oil or natural gas formations to

effect greater ultimate recovery. 

Residential Sector: An energy-consuming secto

for private households. Common uses of energy aspace heating, water heating, air conditioning, ligrunning a variety of other appliances. The reside

living quarters. Note: Various EIA programs differ 

explanation see http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datSee End-Use Sectors and Energy-Use Sectors.Residual Fuel Oil: The heavier oils, known as 

remain after the distillate fuel oils and lighter hy

refinery operations. It conforms to ASTM SpeFederal Specification VV-F-815C. No. 5, a residis also known as Navy Special and is defined i859E, including Amendment 2 (NATO Symbopowered vessels in government service and insho

fuel oil includes Bunker C fuel oil and is used f

heating, vessel bunkering, and various industrial 

Road Oil: Any heavy petroleum oil, including dust palliative and surface treatment on roads 

produced in six grades, from 0, the most liquid, to 

Rotary Rig: A machine used for drilling welattached to a bit for boring holes through rock.Royalty Interest: An interest in a mineral propcontract.Short Ton (Coal): A unit of weight equal to 2,000 Solar Energy: See Solar Thermal Energy and P

Solar Thermal Collector: A device designed to r

it to thermal energy. Normally, a solar thermal coand an absorber, together with appropriate insul

solar thermal collector may be used immediately or tors are used for space heating, domestic hot watepools, hot tubs, or spas.Solar Thermal Energy: The radiant energy of t

other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
Space Heating: The use of energy to generate heat for warmth in housing units

using space-heating equipment. The equipment could be the main space-heatingequipment or secondary space-heating equipment. It does not include the use ofenergy to operate appliances (such as lights, televisions, and refrigerators) that giveoff heat as a byproduct.Special Naphthas: All finished petroleum products within the naphtha boiling

range that are used as paint thinners, cleaners, or solvents. Those products arerefined to a specified flash point. Special naphthas include all commercial hexaneand cleaning solvents conforming to ASTM Specifications D1836 and D484,respectively. Naphthas to be blended or marketed as motor gasoline or aviation

gasoline or that are to be used as petrochemical feedstocks or synthetic natural gas(SNG) feedstocks are excluded.Spent Liquor: The liquid residue left after an industrial process; can be a component of waste materials used as fuel.Spot Market Price: See Spot Price.

Spot Price: The price for a one-time open market transaction for immediate delivery of the specific quantity of product at a specific location where the commodity is

purchased “on the spot” at current market rates.Station Use: Energy that is used to operate an electric power plant. It includes

energy consumed for plant lighting, power, and auxiliary facilities, regardless ofwhether the energy is produced at the plant or comes from another source.Steam-Electric Power Plant: An electric power plant in which the prime mover

is a steam turbine. The steam used to drive the turbine is produced in a boiler wherefossil fuels are burned.Still Gas (Refinery Gas): Any form or mixture of gases produced in refineries bydistillation, cracking, reforming, and other processes. The principal constituents aremethane, ethane, ethylene, normal butane, butylene, propane, propylene, etc.

Still gas is used as a refinery fuel and a petrochemical feedstock. The conversionfactor is 6 million Btu per fuel oil equivalent barrel. 

Stocks: Inventories of fuel stored for future use. See Crude Oil Stocks, Coal

Stocks, and Petroleum Stocks, Primary.Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR): Petroleum stocks maintained by the FederalGovernment for use during periods of major supply interruption.

Subbituminous Coal: A coal with properties ranginof bituminous coal and used primarily as fuel for st

It may be dull, dark brown to black, soft and crumblyto bright, jet black, hard, and relatively strong, at the contains 20 to 30 percent inherent moisture by weighminous coal ranges from 17 to 24 million Btu per s

matter-free basis. The heat content of subbituminouStates averages 17 to 18 million Btu per short ton, containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2): A toxic, irritating, colorless 

and ether. Used as a chemical intermediate, in pape

as a solvent.Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6): A colorless gas solub

slightly less soluble in water. It is used as a dielectric highest 100-year global warming potential of any ga

Supplemental Gaseous Fuels: Any gaseous substangled with natural gas that increases the volume asubstances include, but are not limited to, propane-aimanufactured gas, biomass gas, or air or inerts added Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG): (Also referred to manufactured product, chemically similar in most res

from the conversion or reforming of petroleum hydsubstituted for or interchanged with pipeline-quality nThermal Conversion Factor: See Conversion FactTransportation Sector: An energy-consuming secles whose primary purpose is transporting people cal location to another. Included are automobilestrains, subways, and other rail vehicles; aircraft; waterborne vehicles. Vehicles whose primary purpconstruction cranes and bulldozers, farming vehiand forklifts) are classified in the sector of their pprograms differ in sectoral coverage—for http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/datadefinitions/GuideforSectors and Energy-Use Sectors.Unaccounted-for Crude Oil: Represents the arithcalculated supply and the calculated disposition of cr

is the sum of crude oil production plus imports minu

394 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
The calculated disposition of crude oil is the sum of crude oil input to refineries,

crude oil exports, crude oil burned as fuel, and crude oil losses.Unaccounted-for Natural Gas: Represents differences between the sum of thecomponents of natural gas supply and the sum of components of natural gas

disposition. These differences may be due to quantities lost or to the effects ofdata reporting problems. Reporting problems include differences due to the netresult of conversions of flow data metered at varying temperatures and pressurebases and converted to a standard temperature and pressure base; the effect ofvariations in company accounting and billing practices; differences betweenbilling cycle and calendar-period time frames; and imbalances resulting fromthe merger of data reporting systems that vary in scope, format, definitions, andtype of respondents.Underground Natural Gas Storage: The use of sub-surface facilities for storingnatural gas that has been transferred from its original location. The facilities areusually hollowed-out salt domes, geological reservoirs (depleted crude oil or natural gas fields) or water-bearing sands topped by an impermeable cap rock (aquifer). 

Undiscovered Recoverable Reserves (Crude Oil and Natural Gas): Those

economic resources of crude oil and natural gas, yet undiscovered, that are estimated to exist in favorable geologic settings.Unfinished Oils: All oils requiring further processing, except those requiring onlymechanical blending. Unfinished oils are produced by partial refining of crude oiland include naphthas and lighter oils, kerosene and light gas oils, heavy gas oils,and residuum.Unfractionated Stream: Mixtures of unsegregated natural gas liquidcomponents, excluding those in plant condensate. This product is extracted from

natural gas.United States: The 50 States and the District of Columbia. Note: The United States

has varying degrees of jurisdiction over a number of territories and other politicalentities outside the 50 States and the District of Columbia, including Puerto Rico,the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Johnston Atoll, Midway Islands,Wake Island, and the Northern Mariana Islands. EIA data programs may includedata from some or all of these areas in U.S. Totals. For these programs, data products will contain notes explaining the extent of geographic coverage included under

the term “United States.”Uranium: A heavy, naturally radioactive, metallic element (atomic number 92). Itstwo principally occurring isotopes are uranium-235 and uranium-238. Uranium-235

is indispensable to the nuclear industry because nature, to any appreciable extent, that is fissionab238 is also important because it absorbs neutrons that subsequently decays to the isotope plutonium

thermal neutrons. Uranium Concentrate: A yellow or brown pouranium ore, processing of in situ leach mining 

phosphoric acid production. See Uranium Oxide.Uranium Ore: Rock containing uranium minera

be mined economically, typically one to four poun

to 0.2 percent U3O8. See Uranium Oxide.

Uranium Oxide: Uranium concentrate or yellow

Uranium Resource Categories: Three categorie

by the international community to reflect differing tence of the resources. Reasonably assured resouresources (EAR), and speculative resources (SR) a

Reasonably assured resources (RAR): mineral deposits of such size, grade, anrecovered within the given production comining and processing technology. Estibased on specific sample data and measknowledge of deposit characteristics. No

uranium reserves category.Estimated additional resources (EAR): U

is expected to occur, mostly on the basis sions of well-explored deposits, in littlecovered deposits believed to exist alonwith known deposits. This uranium can the given cost ranges. Estimates of tonnaable sampling data and on knowledge determined in the best-known parts of thNote: EAR corresponds to DOE’s probabSpeculative resources (SR): Uranium in to exist, mostly on the basis of indirect evtions, in deposits discoverable with exislocation of deposits in this category ca

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005 
being somewhere within given regions or geological trends. The estimates

in this category are less reliable than estimates of RAR and EAR. Note: SR corresponds to the combination of DOE’s possible potential resourcesand speculative potential resources categories.

Useful Thermal Output: The thermal energy made available in a combined-heatand-power system for use in any industrial or commercial process, heating or cooling application, or delivered to other end users, i.e., total thermal energy made available for processes and applications other than electricity generation.

U.S.S.R.: The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics consisted of 15 constituentrepublics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, andUzbekistan. As a political entity, the U.S.S.R. ceased to exist as of December 31,1991.Vented Natural Gas: See Natural Gas, Vented.

Vessel Bunkering: Includes sales for the fueling of commercial or private boats,such as pleasure craft, fishing boats, tugboats, and ocean-going vessels, includingvessels operated by oil companies. Excluded are volumes sold to the U.S. ArmedForces.Waste Coal: Usable coal material that is a byproduct of previous processing operations or is recaptured from what would otherwise be refuse. Examples include

anthracite culm, bituminous gob, fine coal, lignite waste, coal recovered from arefuse bank or slurry dam, and coal recovered by dredging.Waste Energy: Municipal solid waste, landfill gas, methane, digester gas, liquidacetonitrile waste, tall oil, waste alcohol, medical waste, paper pellets, sludge waste,solid byproducts, tires, agricultural byproducts, closed loop biomass, fish oil, andstraw used as fuel.Watt (W): The unit of electrical power equal to one ampere under a pressure of onevolt. A watt is equal to 1/746 horsepower.Watthour (Wh): The electric energy unit of measure equal to one watt of power

supplied to, or taken from, an electric circuit steadily for one hour.Waxes: Solid or semi-solid materials derived from petroleum distillates or residues by such treatments as chilling, precipitating with a solvent, or de-oiling. It is a

light-colored, more-or-less translucent crystalline mass, slightly greasy to the touch,consisting of a mixture of solid hydrocarbons in which the paraffin series predominates. Includes all marketable wax, whether crude scale or fully refined. The three

grades included are microcrystalline, crystalline-fully The conversion factor is 280 pounds per 42 U.S. galloWell: A hole drilled in the Earth for the purpose of oil or natural gas; or (2) producing services related t

natural gas. See Completion (Crude Oil/Natural 

Well, Development Well, Dry Hole, Exploratory W

Wellhead: The point at which the crude oil (and/or Following historical precedent, the volume and pric

labeled as “wellhead,” even though the cost and voured at the lease boundary. In the context of dome“wellhead” is the generic term used to reference the erty. Wellhead Price: The value of crude oil or natura

See Natural Gas Wellhead Price.Well Servicing Unit: Truck-mounted equipment genices after a well is drilled. Services include well comaintenance, repairs, workovers, and well plugging from minor operations, such as pulling the rods and well, to major workovers, such as milling out and re

depth and characteristics determine the type of equipmWestern Europe: Includes Austria, Belgium, BosDenmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, IcelanMacedonia (The Former Yugoslav Republic of), Portugal, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Wind Energy: Energy present in wind motion that cenergy for driving pumps, mills, and electric powagainst sails, vanes, or blades radiating from a central Wood Energy: Wood and wood products used as fuwood), limb wood, wood chips, bark, sawdust, forest and spent pulping liquor.Working Gas: The volume of gas in the reservoir thor base gas. It may or may not be completely withdradrawal season. Conditions permitting, the total workinmore than once during any season.

396 Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2005
Annual Energy Review

Long-term historical data on U.S. energy production, consumption,stocks, trade, and prices. Includes an overview of U.S. energy anddetailed chapters on energy consumption, major fuels, financial indicators, energy resources, international energy data, and environmental indicators. Most series begin in 1949.www.eia.doe.gov/aer

Petroleum Supply Annual

Information on the supply and disposition of crude oil and petroleum products. Volume 1 contains summary and detailed statistics,including trade, stocks, and refinery data. Volume 2 contains finalmonthly statistics for the annual data presented in Volume 1.www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_supply_annual/psa_volume1/psa_volume1.html

Petroleum Marketing Annual

Information on volumes and prices of crude oils and refined petroleum products, including motor gasoline, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, aviation fuel, kerosene, and propane.www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_marketing_annual/pma.html

Natural Gas Annual

Review of U.S. natural gas activities, including production, consumption, prices, movements, and storage. Summary data are presented by State and at the national level.www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/natural_gas/data_publications/natural_gas_annual/nga.html

Annual Coal Report

Review of U.S. coal production; numerable reserves; employment; prodity; consumption by sector; and stocState level.www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/acr/acr_su

Electric Power Annual

Review of U.S. electric power indugenerating capacity; demand, capacmargins; fuel consumption, stocks, emissions; trade; retail customers, retail prices; revenue and expense management.www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epa/epa_s

Renewable Energy Annual

Four reports: Renewable Energy Trentovoltaic Collector Manufacturing Amal Heat Pump Shipments; and GrePrograms.www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/pa

Uranium Marketing Annual Report

Review of U.S. uranium industry acraw materials and uranium marketinsurvey year and industry’s plans near-term future.www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/nuclear/umar/umar.h

Annual Historical

Data Reports

from the Energy Information Administration

The Energy Information Administration (EIA) produces a variety of annual statistical reports on major energy resources and industry activitieThe items listed above are available on EIA’s Web site. For more information on these and other EIA products, contact the National Energy Infor infoctr@eia.doe.gov.