II 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 4987 

To require certain nonprofit and not-for-profit social welfare organizations 

to submit disclosure reports on foreign funding to the Attorney General, 

and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

SEPTEMBER 28, 2022 

Mr. GRASSLEY introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on the Judiciary 

A BILL 

To require certain nonprofit and not-for-profit social welfare 

organizations to submit disclosure reports on foreign 

funding to the Attorney General, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Think Tank Trans5 parency Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress finds the following: 

8 (1) Think tanks have provided Congress and 

9 the executive branch with a wealth of research and 


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1 scholarship that largely has benefitted the public in 

2 the United States by improving the drafting, enact3 ment, and enforcement of policy in the United 

4 States. 

5 (2) There is broad bipartisan agreement that 

6 think tanks possess enormous influence on the pas7 sage and enforcement of policies, particularly those 

8 that relate to foreign policy. 

9 (3) In recent years, foreign funding of think 

10 tanks has increased substantially. 

11 (4) Congress, the executive branch, and espe12 cially the people of the United States have a right 

13 to— 

14 (A) know which think tanks receive foreign 

15 funds; and 

16 (B) assess for themselves the extent that 

17 foreign influence should be considered when 

18 analyzing the credibility and value of research 

19 and scholarship produced by such think tanks 

20 that receive foreign funds. 

21 (5) The United States House of Representa22 tives has already recognized the national security 

23 issues inherent in undue foreign influence of entities 

24 with covert sources of foreign funding that testify 

25 before Congress. Since 2015, representatives of entiVerDate Sep 11 2014 15:39 Oct 07, 2022 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S4987.IS S4987

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1 ties who testify before the United States House of 

2 Representatives have been required to disclose rel3 evant foreign funding sources directed to them or 

4 their employers in Truth-in-Testimony disclosure 

5 forms required under clause 2(g)(5) of rule XI of 

6 the United States House of Representatives. 

7 (6) Almost 30 years ago, Congress enacted sec8 tion 117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

9 U.S.C. 1011f) (hereinafter referred to as ‘‘section 

10 117’’) in light of concerns about the growing finan11 cial relationship between universities in the United 

12 States and foreign sources. In enacting that legisla13 tion, Congress balanced academic freedom and na14 tional security by mandating financial transparency 

15 through required reporting of contracts with, and 

16 gifts from, any foreign source. 

17 (7) Section 117 does not prohibit institutions of 

18 higher education from taking foreign money, but 

19 rather mandates accurate and transparent disclo20 sures of sources and amounts received by those in21 stitutions to the Department of Education. In 2019, 

22 the Department of Education took concrete steps to 

23 enforce section 117 by ensuring the integrity of re24 porting requirements, confirming the correct report25 ing and categorization of donations, and prohibiting 


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1 the use of domestic conduits and intermediaries to 

2 avoid the disclosures of foreign gifts. 

3 (8) Between 2011 and 2021, the Russian Fed4 eration (hereinafter referred to as ‘‘Russia’’) has 

5 given not less than $160,000,000 to universities in 

6 the United States. The People’s Republic of China 

7 (hereinafter referred to as ‘‘China’’) alone has given 

8 not less than $2,700,000,000 to universities in the 

9 United States during the same time frame. Further, 

10 during that span, the State of Qatar (hereinafter re11 ferred to as ‘‘Qatar’’) has given not less than 

12 $5,000,000,000 to universities in the United States. 

13 (9) Russia, China, and Qatar each have repres14 sive and deeply troubling records relating to human 

15 rights, and all 3 have engaged in cyber espionage 

16 targeting individuals in the United States. 

17 (10) Russia, China, and Qatar all pose grave 

18 threats to the national security interests of the 

19 United States, yet those countries have successfully 

20 lavished billions of dollars to cultivate strong ties 

21 with institutions of higher education and research 

22 across the United States. 

23 (11) There is also evidence suggesting that 

24 Qatar encouraged, and potentially facilitated, univer25 sities in the United States receiving the largess of 


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1 Qatar to flout disclosure requirements of the United 

2 States under section 117. 

3 (12) Although the Center for International Pol4 icy conducted a study in 2020 that concluded that 

5 think tanks focused on Federal policy received not 

6 less than $174,000,000 in funding from foreign gov7 ernmental entities between 2014 and 2018, there is 

8 currently no means to determine the actual level or 

9 extent of foreign influence on those think tanks. 

10 (13) What is clear is the vast amount of foreign 

11 funding that United States-based think tanks re12 ceive, and that such foreign funding affects the di13 rection of their policy recommendations. 

14 (14) One prominent think tank, the EastWest 

15 Institute, received substantial funding from the Peo16 ple’s Liberation Army of China, which conducts 

17 cyber espionage attacks, including against individ18 uals in the United States. 

19 (15) The Stimson Center worked to signifi20 cantly alter the Homeland and Cyber Threat Act 

21 (H.R. 1607, 117th Congress, as introduced on 

22 March 8, 2021) (hereinafter referred to as the 

23 ‘‘HACT Act’’). The HACT Act, which would provide 

24 an exception to chapter 97 of title 28, United States 

25 Code (commonly known as the ‘‘Foreign Sovereign 


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1 Immunities Act of 1976’’), to allow United States 

2 persons harmed by foreign-government sponsored 

3 cyberattacks to bring civil claims for damages. The 

4 changes advocated by the Stimson Center would gut 

5 the bill and render it completely ineffective in hold6 ing foreign nations and their agents responsible for 

7 cyberattacks on and in the United States. 

8 (16) One of the main sources of the funding of 

9 the Stimson Center is Qatar, a major sponsor of ter10 rorism worldwide and one of the most notorious 

11 sponsors of cyberattacks against entities in the 

12 United States. In 2019 alone (the last year for 

13 which public figures are available) the Stimson Cen14 ter received over $600,000 in contributions from the 

15 government of Qatar. 

16 (17) The Brookings Institution has received at 

17 least $22,000,000 from Qatar from 2013 through 

18 2021, but the exact amount has not been disclosed 

19 publicly. 

20 (18) There is also significant concern in Con21 gress about potential contractual stipulations tied to 

22 foreign funding that could be leveraged by foreign 

23 powers to exert even greater influence over the re24 search and policy recommendations of think tanks 

25 that the Federal Government and the public in the 


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1 United States would otherwise believe to be inde2 pendent. 

3 (19) In a 2007 ‘‘Establishment Agreement’’ be4 tween the Brookings Institution and the Ministry of 

5 Foreign Affairs of Qatar—which appears to have 

6 been in place in its original form through the end of 

7 2021—the Doha ‘‘branch’’ of the Brookings Institu8 tion, called Brookings Doha Center, was effectively 

9 owned and controlled by the Emir of Qatar. Under 

10 the terms of the contract, the role of the Brookings 

11 Institution in the Brookings Doha Center was lim12 ited to that of a ‘‘promoter’’. 

13 (20) As only revealed publicly in June 2022, 

14 the Brookings Doha Center was a separate and dis15 tinct legal entity from the Brookings Institution, 

16 specifically a Private Foundation for the Public Ben17 efit, the same incorporation status as the propa18 ganda arm of Qatar, Al Jazeera. 

19 (21) Pursuant to the 2007 Establishment 

20 Agreement, the Director of the Brookings Doha 

21 Center was required to report directly to the Min22 istry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar, including to ‘‘en23 gage in regular consultation . . . regarding the devel24 opment and ongoing operations’’ and for prior apVerDate Sep 11 2014 15:39 Oct 07, 2022 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S4987.IS S4987

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1 proval of ‘‘programs that will be developed by the 

2 [Brookings Doha] Center.’’. 

3 (22) The Brookings Doha Center was renamed 

4 the Middle East Council on Global Affairs, and evi5 dence indicates that the Middle East Council on 

6 Global Affairs is now entirely under the control of 

7 the Qatari Government. According to a January 

8 2022 amendment to the 2007 articles of incorpora9 tion of the Brookings Doha Center, the Brookings 

10 Institution ceded the ‘‘promoter’’ role for Brookings 

11 Doha Center to a senior employee of Ministry of 

12 Foreign Affairs of Qatar, Majed Al-Ansari. This 

13 amendment also called on the Middle East Council 

14 on Global Affairs to assume control of intellectual 

15 property rights that had been under the ‘‘Brookings 

16 Institution’’ brand, including the content from and 

17 followers of the ‘‘@BrookingsDoha’’ Twitter ac18 count. 

19 (23) Congress currently is unable to determine 

20 what other agreements that the Brookings Institu21 tion or other influential think tanks have with for22 eign governmental entities, a void which has already 

23 been exploited by at least Qatar in obtaining prior 

24 approval of budgets and research projects conducted 

25 under the branding of the Brookings Institution and 


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1 the Brookings Doha Center in the aforementioned 

2 2007 contract, or the transference of valuable intel3 lectual property to the Qatari Government pursuant 

4 to the 2022 amendment to the articles of incorpora5 tion of the Middle East Council on Global Affairs. 

6 (24) There is broad bipartisan agreement that 

7 undue foreign influence obscured through the use of 

8 proxies—or hidden by the powerful brand of a highly 

9 respected think tank—threatens the national secu10 rity interests of the United States. There is also 

11 broad agreement that transparency is the most im12 portant and effective tool for reducing the harm of 

13 foreign influence targeting United States public pol14 icy or public opinion. 

15 (25) As such, this bill aims to provide critical 

16 transparency regarding the foreign funding provided 

17 to, and the related contractual agreements with, 

18 think tanks whose work includes influencing United 

19 States policies or public opinion. 

20 SEC. 3. CONTEMPORANEOUS DISCLOSURE REPORTS. 

21 (a) REPORTING CONDITIONS.— 

22 (1) GIFTS, DONATIONS, OR CONTRIBUTIONS.— 

23 (A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 

24 section 6, a covered entity that receives a gift, 

25 donation, or contribution from a foreign prinVerDate Sep 11 2014 15:39 Oct 07, 2022 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S4987.IS S4987

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1 cipal during a calendar year in an aggregate 

2 amount of $10,000 or greater shall file a disclo3 sure report with the Attorney General in ac4 cordance with subsection (b) not later than 90 

5 days after each disclosure date. 

6 (B) DISCLOSURE DATE DEFINED.—In this 

7 paragraph, the term ‘‘disclosure date’’ means— 

8 (i) the first date during any calendar 

9 year by which a covered entity has received 

10 a gift, donation, or contribution from a 

11 foreign principal in an aggregate amount 

12 of $10,000 or greater; and 

13 (ii) any other date during such cal14 endar year by which a covered entity has 

15 received a gift, donation, or contribution 

16 from a foreign principal in an aggregate 

17 amount of $10,000 or greater since the 

18 most recent disclosure date for such cal19 endar year. 

20 (2) CONTRACT, MEMORANDUM OF UNDER21 STANDING, OR AGREEMENT.—Except as provided in 

22 section 6, a covered entity that enters into or modi23 fies a contract, memorandum of understanding, or 

24 agreement with a foreign principal shall file a disclo25 sure report with the Attorney General in accordance 


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1 with subsection (b) within 90 days of the entering 

2 into or modification of such contract, memorandum, 

3 or agreement. 

4 (b) CONTENTS OF CONTEMPORANEOUS DISCLOSURE

5 REPORT.— 

6 (1) GIFTS, DONATIONS, OR CONTRIBUTIONS

7 ONLY.—The report required under subsection (a)(1) 

8 shall detail the following: 

9 (A) The identities of the foreign principal 

10 and the primary point of contact of the foreign 

11 principal for engaging with the covered entity, 

12 including the name and title of such point of 

13 contact. 

14 (B) The date on which the foreign prin15 cipal provided a gift, donation, or contribution 

16 to the covered entity. 

17 (C) The aggregate dollar amount of such 

18 gift, donation, or contribution attributable to a 

19 particular foreign principal. 

20 (D) A description of any conditions or re21 strictions regarding any of the disclosed gifts, 

22 donations, or contributions. 

23 (E) The aggregate amount of such gifts, 

24 donations, or contributions received from each 

25 foreign principal. 


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1 (F) A description of any decisions made 

2 because of the foreign principal to the structure 

3 of the organization or to the research, pro4 grams, or content intended to be or actually 

5 published, disseminated, or promoted by the 

6 covered entity. 

7 (2) CONTRACT, MEMORANDUM OF UNDER8 STANDING, OR AGREEMENT ONLY.—The report re9 quired under subsection (a)(2) shall detail the fol10 lowing: 

11 (A) The identities of the foreign principal 

12 and the primary point of contact of the foreign 

13 principal for engaging with the covered entity, 

14 including the name and title of such point of 

15 contact. 

16 (B) The date on which the covered entity 

17 entered into or modified a contract, memo18 randum of understanding, or agreement with a 

19 foreign principal. 

20 (C) Copies of all written contracts, agree21 ments, or memoranda of understanding the cov22 ered entity entered into or modified with any 

23 foreign principal. 

24 (D) Copies of all internal and external doc25 uments, research materials, and publications 


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1 produced as a result of the contract, memo2 randum of understanding, or agreement. 

3 (E) A description of any decisions made 

4 because of the foreign principal to the structure 

5 of the organization or to the research, pro6 grams, or content intended to be or actually 

7 published, disseminated, or promoted by the 

8 covered entity. 

9 SEC. 4. INITIAL DISCLOSURE REPORTS. 

10 (a) IN GENERAL.—A covered entity shall file an ini11 tial disclosure report, in accordance with subsection (b) 

12 or (c), with the Attorney General not later than 180 days 

13 after the date of enactment of this Act if, during the pe14 riod beginning on January 1 of the most recent calendar 

15 year that ended before the date of enactment of this Act 

16 and ending on the effective date of this Act— 

17 (1) the covered entity received a gift, donation, 

18 or contribution from a foreign principal in an aggre19 gate amount of $10,000 or greater; 

20 (2) the covered entity entered into or modified 

21 a contract, memorandum of understanding, or agree22 ment with a foreign principal; or 

23 (3) the covered entity had previously entered 

24 into a contract, agreement, or memorandum of un25 derstanding with a foreign principal that was still 


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1 valid or enforceable on or after January 1 of the 

2 most recent calendar year that ended before the date 

3 of enactment of this Act. 

4 (b) PRIOR GIFTS, DONATIONS, OR CONTRIBU5 TIONS.—The report required under subsection (a)(1) shall 

6 detail the following: 

7 (1) The name of the foreign principal. 

8 (2) The country of citizenship of the foreign 

9 principal. 

10 (3) The amount and date of such gifts, dona11 tions, or contributions. 

12 (4) The description of any conditions or restric13 tions attached to, or placed on, the gifts, donations, 

14 or contributions. 

15 (5) A description of any decisions made because 

16 of the foreign principal to the structure of the orga17 nization or to the research, programs, or content in18 tended to be or actually published, disseminated, or 

19 promoted by the covered entity. 

20 (c) CONTRACT, MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING, 

21 OR AGREEMENT.—The report required under subsection 

22 (a)(2) shall detail the following: 

23 (1) The name of the foreign principal. 

24 (2) The country of citizenship of the foreign 

25 principal. 


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1 (3) Copies of each written contract, memo2 randum of understanding, or agreement. 

3 (4) Any modification of each such written con4 tract, memorandum, or agreement. 

5 (5) The terms and conditions of each oral 

6 agreement. 

7 (6) Any modification of each such oral agree8 ment. 

9 (7) A comprehensive statement of— 

10 (A) the nature and method of performance 

11 of each item described in paragraphs (3) 

12 through (6); and 

13 (B) the actions taken by the covered entity 

14 at the request or suggestion of each such for15 eign principal. 

16 (8) A description of any decisions made because 

17 of the foreign principal to the structure of the orga18 nization or to the research, programs, or content in19 tended to be or actually published, disseminated, or 

20 promoted by the covered entity. 

21 SEC. 5. BRIEFINGS, TESTIMONY, OR SIMILAR FORMS OF 

22 PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH. 

23 (a) LABELING OF WRITTEN MATERIALS.—If a cov24 ered entity provides a briefing, testimony, or similar form 

25 of presentation of research to a member or employee of 


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1 Congress, or to an executive branch official, the covered 

2 entity shall identify prominently on any written materials 

3 provided to the member or employee of Congress, or to 

4 the executive branch official, the name of the relevant for5 eign principal and the country of citizenship, if the foreign 

6 principal is not a government, who provided funding for 

7 such briefing, testimony, or similar form of presentation 

8 of research. 

9 (b) ADDENDUM TO BRIEFING, TESTIMONY, PRESEN10 TATION.—In the event that no written materials are pro11 vided in a briefing, testimony, or similar form of presen12 tation of research described in subsection (a), the covered 

13 entity shall convey the information required under sub14 section (a) in writing to the member or employee of Con15 gress, or executive branch official, before or not later than 

16 10 days after the date of the briefing, testimony, or pres17 entation. 

18 SEC. 6. RELATION TO OTHER REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. 

19 (a) STATE REPORTS.— 

20 (1) REQUIREMENTS OF A COVERED ENTITY.— 

21 If a covered entity has its headquarters in a State 

22 that has enacted requirements for public disclosure 

23 of gifts, donations, or contributions from, or con24 tracts or agreements with, a foreign principal that 

25 are substantially similar to the requirements of this 


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1 Act, a copy of the disclosure report filed with that 

2 State may be filed with the Attorney General in lieu 

3 of a report required under this Act. 

4 (2) REQUIREMENTS OF THE STATE.—The State 

5 in which a covered entity has its headquarters shall 

6 provide to the Attorney General such assurances as 

7 the Attorney General may require to establish that 

8 the covered entity has met the requirements for pub9 lic disclosure under State law if the State-mandated 

10 disclosure report is filed. 

11 (b) FEDERAL REPORTS.—If a covered entity receives 

12 a gift, donation, or contribution from, or enters into a con13 tract or agreement with, a foreign principal, and if any 

14 other department, agency, or bureau of the executive 

15 branch requires a report containing requirements substan16 tially similar to those required under this Act, a copy of 

17 the report may be filed with the Attorney General in lieu 

18 of a report required under this Act. 

19 SEC. 7. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT. 

20 (a) BOOKS AND RECORDS.— 

21 (1) RETENTION PERIOD.—For a period of not 

22 less than 5 years, a covered entity shall retain the 

23 necessary materials required to comply with the re24 quirements of this Act, including books of account, 

25 all communications with any foreign principal, and 


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1 other records regarding the activities of the covered 

2 entity related to any contracts, memorandum of un3 derstandings, or agreements with, or gifts, dona4 tions, or contributions from, a foreign principal. 

5 (2) INSPECTION.— 

6 (A) ATTORNEY GENERAL.—Upon request 

7 of the Attorney General, each covered entity 

8 shall furnish to the Attorney General all infor9 mation and records in the possession of the cov10 ered entity that the Attorney General may de11 termine to be necessary to comply with the re12 quirements under this Act. 

13 (B) CONGRESS.—Upon request of Con14 gress or a committee of Congress, a covered en15 tity shall furnish to Congress or the relevant 

16 committee of Congress such information and 

17 records as Congress or the relevant committee 

18 of Congress may request to determine the ex19 tent to which the covered entity is in compli20 ance with the requirements of this Act. 

21 (3) PUBLICATION.—Any information or records 

22 furnished pursuant to paragraph (2)(A) shall be 

23 made available in the database required under sub24 section (b). 


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1 (4) PROHIBITION.—It shall be unlawful for any 

2 person willfully to conceal, destroy, obliterate, muti3 late, or falsify, or to attempt to conceal, destroy, ob4 literate, mutilate, or falsify, or to cause to be con5 cealed, destroyed, obliterated, mutilated, or falsified, 

6 any books or records required to be kept under the 

7 provisions of this section. 

8 (b) PUBLICATION.—All disclosure reports required by 

9 this Act and the information and records required to be 

10 furnished pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(A) shall be made 

11 available to the public through a database maintained on 

12 the official website of the Department of Justice. 

13 (c) CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY.—Any covered entity 

14 that fails to comply with the requirements of this Act, in15 cluding any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder, 

16 shall be subject, in addition to any other penalties that 

17 may be prescribed by law, to a civil money penalty of not 

18 less than $1,000 for each day of the failure described by 

19 this Act—during which the covered entity is in violation 

20 of this Act. 

21 (d) CIVIL ACTION.— 

22 (1) COURT ORDERS.—Whenever it appears that 

23 a covered entity has failed to comply with the re24 quirements of this Act, including any rule or regula25 tion promulgated under this Act, a civil action may 


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1 be brought by the Attorney General in an appro2 priate district court of the United States, or the ap3 propriate United States court of any territory or 

4 other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United 

5 States, to request such court to compel compliance 

6 with the requirements of this Act. 

7 (2) COSTS.—For knowing or willful failure to 

8 comply with the requirements of this Act, including 

9 any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder, a 

10 covered entity shall pay to the Treasury of the 

11 United States the full costs to the United States of 

12 obtaining compliance, including all associated costs 

13 of investigation and enforcement. 

14 (e) REGULATIONS.—The Attorney General may pro15 mulgate such regulations as the Attorney General con16 siders necessary to implement the requirements of this 

17 Act. 

18 SEC. 8. DEFINITIONS. 

19 In this Act: 

20 (1) CONDUCT INTENDING TO DIRECTLY OR IN21 DIRECTLY INFLUENCE PUBLIC POLICY OR PUBLIC

22 OPINION.—The term ‘‘conduct intending to directly 

23 or indirectly to influence public policy or public opin24 ion’’ means, with respect to a covered entity, any ac25 tivity that the covered entity engaging in believes 


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1 will, or that the covered entity intends to, in any 

2 way influence any agency or official of the Govern3 ment of the United States, or any section of the 

4 public within the United States, with respect to— 

5 (A) formulating, adopting, or changing the 

6 domestic or foreign policies of the United 

7 States; or 

8 (B) the political or public interests, poli9 cies, or relations of a government of a foreign 

10 country or a foreign political party. 

11 (2) CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘contract’’ means 

12 any agreement for the acquisition by purchase, lease, 

13 or barter of property or services by the foreign prin14 cipal, for the direct benefit or use of either of the 

15 parties. 

16 (3) COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP.—The term 

17 ‘‘country of citizenship’’, with respect to a foreign 

18 principal, includes— 

19 (A) the principal residence for a foreign 

20 principal who is a natural person; or 

21 (B) the country of incorporation or the 

22 principal place of business for a foreign prin23 cipal which is a legal entity. 

24 (4) COVERED ENTITY.—The term ‘‘covered en25 tity’’— 


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1 (A) means a nonprofit organization or a 

2 not-for-profit social welfare organization that— 

3 (i) spends more than 20 percent of 

4 the resources of the organization within 

5 any given calendar year on conduct intend6 ing to directly or indirectly influence public 

7 policy or public opinion; or 

8 (ii) is affiliated with, or is a subunit, 

9 of an institution, as defined in section 117 

10 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

11 U.S.C. 1011f), that is subject to that sec12 tion and that— 

13 (I) engages in or publishes sub14 stantial policy-related research or 

15 scholarship; or 

16 (II) hosts, sponsors, or otherwise 

17 promotes annual, or on a more fre18 quent basis, events featuring report19 ers, journalists, or United States or 

20 foreign government officials; and 

21 (B) excludes— 

22 (i) an ‘‘institution’’, as defined in sec23 tion 117 of the Higher Education Act of 

24 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011f), that is subject to 

25 that section; and 


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1 (ii) an entity organized and operated 

2 exclusively for religious purposes. 

3 (5) FOREIGN PRINCIPAL.—The term ‘‘foreign 

4 principal’’ includes— 

5 (A) a government of a foreign country or 

6 a foreign political party; 

7 (B) a person outside of the United States, 

8 unless it is established that— 

9 (i) the person is an individual and a 

10 citizen of the United States; or 

11 (ii) the person— 

12 (I) is not an individual and is or13 ganized under or created by the laws 

14 of the United States or of any State 

15 or other place subject to the jurisdic16 tion of the United States; and 

17 (II) has its principal place of 

18 business within the United States; 

19 and 

20 (C) a partnership, association, corporation, 

21 organization, or other combination of persons 

22 organized under the laws of or having its prin23 cipal place of business in a foreign country. 

24 (6) GIFT, DONATION, OR CONTRIBUTION.—The 

25 term ‘‘gift, donation, or contribution’’ means any 


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1 gift of money, property, or in-kind contribution given 

2 directly or indirectly to a covered entity by a foreign 

3 principal. 

4 (7) NOT-FOR-PROFIT SOCIAL WELFARE ORGANI5 ZATION.—The term ‘‘not-for-profit social welfare or6 ganization’’ means an organization described in sec7 tion 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 

8 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such 

9 Code. 

10 (8) NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION.—The term 

11 ‘‘nonprofit organization’’ means an organization de12 scribed in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue 

13 Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 

14 501(a) of such Code. 

15 (9) RESTRICTED OR CONDITIONAL GIFT OR

16 CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘restricted or conditional gift 

17 or contract’’ means any endowment, gift, grant, con18 tract, award, present, or property of any kind that 

19 includes provisions regarding— 

20 (A) the employment, assignment, com21 pensation, or termination of researchers, schol22 ars, or experts; 

23 (B) the earmarking of funds for depart24 ments, centers, research or lecture programs, or 


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1 new positions for researchers, scholars, or ex2 perts; 

3 (C) the subject matter, nature, or contents 

4 of research, analysis or any information pub5 lished or disseminated to officials of the United 

6 States Federal Government, the media, or the 

7 public; or 

8 (D) any other condition or expectation re9 garding either the ability of the foreign prin10 cipal to review in advance, approve, veto, or 

11 modify budgets, programs, events, or presen12 tations, or the contents of information or mate13 rials to be published or disseminated. 

14 SEC. 9. EFFECTIVE DATE. 

15 This Act shall take effect on the date that is 120 days 

16 after the date of enactment of this Act. 

Æ 


pamtmann on DSKBC07HB2PROD with BILLS