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National Bureau of Standards

JUL 16 1943

L cr
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

FIELD INSPECTORS'

CHECK LIST FOR BUILDING

CONSTRUCTION

Report of Subcommittee on Structure

Central Housing Committee on

Research, Design, and Construction

BUILDING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES REPORT BMS81

national Bureau of Standar*

15 V I

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Jesse H. Jones, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Lyman J. Briggs, Director

Building Materials and Structures Report BMS81

FIELD INSPECTORS* CHECK LIST

FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Report of Subcommittee on Structure

Central Housing Committee on

Research, Design, and Construction

ISSUED APRIL 8, 1942

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 1942

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C.

Price 20 cents
FOREWORD

As an authoritative guide for the inspection of materials

and workmanship in building construction, this Check List

has been prepared by a representative committee of Federal

agencies engaged in activities relating to the design and

erection of buildings. It is based, to a large extent, upon the

experience of the members of the committee collaborating in

its preparation and is intended to assist a field inspector in

the performance of his duties and to insure that no important

step is overlooked as construction progresses. The list is in no sense a specification outline. In arrangement it follows normal construction procedures and interlocking operations in regular order rather than by individual

trades and should be a helpful daily reminder to the general

field inspector.

Lyman J. Briggs, Director.

II
The program of Research on Building Materials and Structures car- ried on by the National Bureau of Standards was undertaken with the

assistance of the Central Housing Committee, an informal organization

of governmental agencies concerned with housing construction and

finance, which is cooperating in the investigations through a committee

of principal technicians. CENTRAL HOUSING COMMITTEE

ON RESEARCH, DESIGN, AND CONSTRUCTION

Hugh L. Dryden, Chairman. H. P. Vermilya, Vice Chairman.

National Bureau of Standards. Federal Housing Adm.

Vincent B. Phe

Mary F. Taylor Assistant Luther M. Leisenring,

Construction Division (War).

Edward A. Poynton,

Office of Indian Affairs. RoLLO H. Britten,

Public Health Service. George E. Knox,

Yards and Docks (Navy).

William R. Talbott,

Veterans' Administration. TiRRELL J. FeRRENZ,

Federal Home Loan Bank

Board.

LAN, Secretary

Secretaries I^ouisB D. Card

A. C. Shire,

United States Housing

Authority.

Warren G. Noll,

Public Buildings Administration. John F. Donovan,

Farm Security Administration.

George W. Trayer,

Forest Service (F. P. Laboratory).

Wallace Ashby, Bureau of Agricultural Chemistry and Engineering.

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

STAFF COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND

COORDINATION

Hugh L. Dryden, Chairman.

Mechanics and Sound.

Phaon H. Bates, Gustav E. F. Lundell,

Clay and Silicate Products. Chemistry.

HoBART C. Dickinson, Addams S. McAllister,

Heat and Power. Codes and Specifications.

Warren E. Emley, Henry S. Rawdon,

Organic and Fibrous Materials. Metallurgy.

The Forest Products Laboratory of the Forest Service is cooperating

with both committees on investigations of wood constructions.

[For list of BMS reports and directions for purchasing, see unnumbered pages at end. lU

CONTENTS

Page

Foreword ii

I. Introduction 1 II. Preliminary stage 5

1. Preparatory steps 5

2. Schedule of progress 0

3. Examination of site 7

4. Layout 7

5. Storage of materials and equipment 8

6. Inspection of work 8

7. File records 9

8. Sample constructions and advance tests 9

III. Foundation stage 11

1. Soil load tests, specified or additional ^ 11

2. Site preparation ^ 11

3. Earthwork 12

4. Utilities 13

5. Footings, foundation walls, piers 13

6. BackfiUing 15 IV. Structural-framing stage 17

1. General preparations 17

2. Superstructure framing 17

3. Utilities 18

4. Concluding check up of stage IV 18 V. Intermediate stage 19

1. General requirements 19

2. Thermal insulation 20

3. Sheet-metal work 20

4. Weatherproofing 21

5. Roofing 21

6. Plumbing 23

7. Heating 25

8. Air conditioning 28

9. Electrical work 29

10. Miscellaneous metal work 29

11. Metal windows 30

12. Lathing 30

13. Plaster and stucco 31

14. Sash and doors 32

15. Weatherstripping 32

16. Glazing 33

17. Millwork 33

18. Finish flooring 34

19. Screening 36

V
VI Contents

Page

VI. Finishing stage 37

1. Hardware 37

2. Painting and decorating- - 38

3. Lighting fixtures 40

4. Masonry 41

5. Concluding check up of Stage VI 41

VII. Final records 43

1. Guaranties 43

2. Reports of final inspections _ 43

3. Instructions 43

4. Recommendations of contractor or manufacturer — 43

5. Settlement 43

6. Changes 43

7. File copies 44

8. Waivers of lien 44

9. Contractors' aflSdavits 44

10. Utility approvals 44

11. Occupancy certificate 44 Appendix A—Concrete 45

1. Records for concrete work, daily or periodic 45

2. Forms for concrete 46

3. Reinforcement 47

4. Materials 47

5. Mixing at job 48

6. Ready-mixed concrete (centrally mixed, truck-mixed,

"shrink-mixed") 49

7. Mixing efficiency 49

8. Discharging operation 50

9. Placing of concrete 50

10. Vibrating of concrete, internal 50

11. Construction joints 51

12. Surface of concrete in place 51

13. Cold-weather construction 52

14. Hot-weather construction 52

15. Finishing of surfaces made without forms 53

16. Curing 53

17. Removal of forms 53

18. Correction of defects 54 Appendix B—Masonry 57

1. Records for masonry work, daily or periodic 57

2. Construction 57

3. Finished surfaces I. 59

4. Chimneys 60 Appendix C—Waterproofing, dampproofing, and calking 61

1. Materials for waterproofing, dampproofing, and calking. _ 61

2. Workmanship 61
Contents vii

Page

Appendix D—Structural steel 63

1. Materials for structural steel work 63

2. Fabrication and erection 63

3. Prefabricated units 64

Appendix E—Carpentry 65

1. Materials for framing 65

2. Lumber 65

3. Framing 65

4. Sheathing 67

5. Siding 67
\
Field Inspectors' Check List for

Building Construction

Report of Subcommittee on Structure

of the

Central Housing Committee on Research, Design, and

Construction

Vincent B. Phelan, Chairman.

National Bureau of Standards. Sterling R. March, Secretary.

A. G. Bear and A. R. Brown, C. A. Johnson,

Veterans' Administration. Federal Security Adm.

C. O. Christenson, a. M. Korsmo,

Federal Housing Adm. U. S. Housing Authority.

J. C. Gerhard and G. E. Knox, F. A. Mason and C. J. Poiesz,

Yards and Docks (Navy). Office of Indian Affairs. W. V. HuKiLL, L. H. Watson and C. N. Diener,

Bureau of Agr. Chem. & Eng. Home Owners' Loan Corp. H. R. Williams,

Public Buildings Adm.

I. INTRODUCTION

The purpose of a field inspection during the construction

of a building is to make sure that the materials and workmanship provided by the contractor comply with or are equivalent to the requirements of the contract documents.

These documents usually include general conditions, specifications, and drawings.

The field inspector should obtain copies of all contract documents, reference specifications, codes, permits, insurance

certificates; data relating to contractors and subcontractors,

inspection laboratories; catalogs, approved samples, reports

of tests, reference matter; and other pertinent information

so far as it is available.

1

444752°—42 2
2 Field Insfectors' Check List

Before field operations become too extensive or too active,

the contract documents should be carefully examined by

the field inspector and this Check List amplified or condensed

to conform to their provisions.

Specification requirements for large or important projects

will be detailed and specific; for smaller or less important

jobs they may be less exacting. The extent of deviation

from rigid inspection to be allowed must be determined by

existing conditions. The type and purpose of the structure shoidd be given reasonable consideration in the application

of the requirements of the contract documents.

The chief inspector should have an adequate staff of clerks

and assistants. On large projects, work involving mechanical trades should have the benefit of specially qualified in- spectors; for concrete and masonry the inspectors should be

experienced in the field-testing of materials and be competent

to interpret laboratory-test reports.

In undertaking a particular project, the extent to which

the field inspector's duties include the approval of samples,

inspections in mills and shops, and the following of laboratory or plant tests should be clearly designated by the

administrative office, thus avoiding doubt and confusion as

to the distribution of duties and authority between the

field inspector and the administrative office. Before actual construction begins, the field inspector should

call for a survey of the site showing the location of utility

and service lines and for an independent check of the lay-out

of the building, including subsoil conditions, bearing pressures, and allowable soil load. Removal of existing struc- tures should precede the awarding of a general contract. This Check List outlines items suggested for periodic in- spection. Its continual use during building operations

should assure the inspection of each item as put in place and

guarantee compliance with the contract. and conformance to good construction practice. It is assumed that the inspector is famiUar with the terms used and therefore that they

require no definition.

The arrangement of the list was selected for the convenience of the field inspector and to insure that the various

steps will be checked in their proper sequence. To amplify
Introduction 3

specific items in the Check List and to avoid unnecessaiy

repetition, the work of certain trades lias been treated more

fully in the appendixes.

A system for regular follow-up should be established by

means of schedules, progress charts, photographs of progress, and calendar memoranda.

The committee expresses its appreciation to Francis F.

Gillen of the National Park Service for the general idea of a check list and for aid in its development; to Edward J. Schell

of the National Bureau of Standards and Burt M. Thorud

of the United States Housing Authority for assistance in

the technical preparation; and to Louise D. Card of the

National Bureau of Standards for the editorial organization of the material.

II. PRELIMINARY STAGE

Preparatory Steps

(a) Secure copies of

(1) Contract documents:

General conditions

Specifications

Drawings

(2) Reference specifications

(3) Codes

(4) Permits

(5) Insurance certificates

(6) Contractor's contracts

(b) Discuss entire project with

(1) Architect:

Design

Effects desired

(2) Contractor:

Job conditions

(c) Determine

(1) Basis of contract: Lump sum [see II-7 (a) (3), File

Records]

Cost plus a percentage

Cost plus a fixed fee Guaranteed upset cost including fixed

fee

(2) Interpretation of contract: Authority and/or procedure for: Changes

Additions

Rejection of: Materials

Work

Work in place

Dismissal of incompetent workmen
6

Field Inspect07-s'' Check List

1. Preparatory Steps—Continued

(c) Determine—Continued

(2) Interpretation of contract—Continued

Authority and/or procedure for—Con.

Claims:

Delay

Damages

Accidents

Termination of contracts: Bonus or penalty

(3) Unit prices:

Materials

Labor

(4) Quality of: Material

Work

(d) Verify selection of

(1) Testing laboratories

(2) Subcontractors

(e) List

(1) Omissions, discrepancies

(2) Requirements, special or unusual

(3) Materials:

Samples

Certificates, manufacturer's

Guaranties, manufacturer's

Tests, laboratory, plant, and field: Inspections

Reports

(4) Follow-up schedule for shop drawings:

Submitted

Approved

2. Schedule of Progress

[Note.—Hereafter the word "check" is to be understood to precede each item.]

(a) Full-sized details, architect's

(b) Inspections and approvals of materials and work

prior to concealment

(1) Dates for

(2) Notification to architect
Preliminary Stage 7

3. Examination of Site

(a) Preliminary items '

(1) Detailed surveys

(2) Subsoil conditions

(3) Removal of existing structures

(b) Protection of

(1) Existing construction

(2) Adjacent construction:

Shoring

Needling

Underpinning

(3) Trees or shrubs

(4) Utilities and service lines

(5) Sidewalks

(c) Opening of streets

(d) Water supply

(e) Location of

(1) Structure on lot

(2) Storage of materials

(3) Field office 4. Layout

(a) Grades and property lines

(b) Utility lines

(1) Existing

(2) Proposed

(c) Angles and dimensions of structure

(d) Protective measures (as demanded by state or municipal laws, ordinances, or regulations) for

(1) Workmen (safe equipment, scaffolding,

ladders)

(2) Public (barriers, lights)

(3) Work (covering)

(e) Facilities for close inspection

(f) Settling tests, periodic

(g) Location of sample walls

(1) Masonry

(2) Stone

(3) Other

' Items usually preceding the awarding of general contract before field inspector assumes

duties.
8 Preliminary Stage

5. Storage of Materials and Equipment

(a) Placement on premises to afford

(1) Protection from:

Elements

Vandalism

(2) Inspection accessibility

(b) Contractor's organization

(1) Tools and equipment

(2) Hazard precautions for: Workmen

Public

Work

6. Inspection of Work

(a) Reference data

(1) Specifications and methods, manufacturer's

(2) Shop drawings, fabricator's

(3) Full-sized details, architect's

(4) Reports of: Inspections, mill or plant

Tests, laboratory or field (b) Materials, building units, prefabricated constructions

(1) Kinds, grades, quality

(2) Sizes, shapes, weights

(3) Workmanship and conformance to details

(4) Absorption and moisture content

(5) Physical condition

(6) Paint or priming, shop-coat

(c) Periodic lists (1) Items not finished:

For adjustment

For withheld-payment

(2) Removals:

Work in place (for correction)

Rejected materials

(d) Notifications to contractor

(1) Materials, unacceptable

(2) Workmanship, unacceptable
Preliminary Stage 9

7. File Records

(a) Reports of progress: daily, weekly, monthly (summary to determine)

(1) Degree of completion of work

(2) Proportionate cost of completed structural

elements

(3) Breakdown schedule for lump-sum contract: Work categories

Contractor's administrative expense

(4) Delivery and acceptance:

Materials

Building units

Prefabricated constructions

(5) Work in place:

Operation of temporary heating

Wetting of materials or surfaces

Curing methods

Protection or covering after placement

Shoring

Forming

Workmanship

(b) Photographs of progress

(1) Weekly

(2) Monthly

8. Sample Constructions and Advance Tests

(a) Time allowance for preparation, inspection, and

approval

(1) Mixes of concrete

(2) Masonry:

Units

Mortars

(3) Walls, sample

(4) Compounds:

Waterproofing

Dampproofing

Calking

(5) Paints, priming

444752°—42-

III. FOUNDATION STAGE

1. Soil Load Tests, Specified or Additional

(a) Test area

(1) Size (approximate average proposed footing)

(b) Test apparatus

(1) Capacity

(2) Sensitivity

(3) Bracing

(4) Settlement measuring devices

(5) Bearing plates

(c) Test procedure

(1) Load increments

(2) Settlement

(3) Duration

(4) Rebound

(d) Recording and analysis

(1) Time-settlement chart

(2) Tabulated results (interpretation)

2. Site Preparation

(a) Salvage

(1) Buildings or parts

(2) Trees and shrubs

(3) Topsoil for storage

(b) Clearing

(1) Old foundations:

Break up

Removal

(c^ Protection of

(1) Public:

Barriers

Lights

Other methods (when blasting, tree cutting, etc.)

(2) Existing utilities and structures

(3) Pavements

(4) Trees and shrubs:

Boxing or well

11
12 Field Inspectors'' Check List

3. Earthwork

(a) Permit

(b) Layout

(1) Batter board:

Set-back

(c) Excavation

(1) Test borings or test pits

(2) Cesspools or cisterns

(3) Strata

(4) Footing depths:

Earth

Rock

Not requiring forms

(5) Undersoil for storage

(d) Drainage

(1) Temporary

(2) Permanent

(e) Trenches

(1) Frost-line

(2) Original bed

(3) Protection (bracing)

(f ) Blasting safeguards for

(1) Life

(2) Property

(g) Existing structures, foundations, utilities: Shoring

Needling

Underpinning

(h) Outside face of walls

(1) Clearances for inspection

(i) Grades

(1) Specified

(2) Extras, earth and rock:

Estimates

Authorization

Quantity

(j) Fills

(1) Backfill

(2) Grading

(3) Tamping
Foundation Stage

Utilities

(a) Excavations for service lines

(b) Boxing or sleeves for pipe lines

(1) Location

(c) Drainage

(1) Lines, grades

(2) Soil pipe

(3) Tile installation

Footings, Foundation Walls, Piers

See Appendix:

A—Concrete

B—Masonry

C—Waterproofing, dampproofing, and calking

(a) Piling

(1) Wood:

Species

Size

Treatment

(2) Concrete:

Precast: Mix

Tests

Curing

Handling

Cast-in-place:

Shell design and condition

Mixes and slumps

(3) Driving equipment:

Type

Penetration per blow

(4) Driving procedure:

Location and plumbness:

Tolerances

Protection of underground utilities Excavation to cutoff levels Test piles

Uniformity and continuity

Subsurface obstructions

Redriving
Field Inspectors'' Check List

Footings, Foundation Walls, Piers—Continued

(a) Piling—Continued

(4) Driving procedure—Continued

Use of follower

Mandrel for driving steel shells Jetting

(5) Records:

Ground-water levels Pile location and penetration

Driving noncontinuity

Bearing capacities

(6) Rejections:

Damage

Nonconformance

(7) Replacements:

Redesign of pile caps

Rearrangement of pile groups

Shells for cast-in-place' piles:

Watertight condition

(8) Withdrawn-piling spaces:

Fill (9) Cutoflfs: Levels

Splices

Cast-in-place:

Volume of concrete to fill shell Treated wood:

Immediate coating after cutting off (b) Concrete

(1) Footings

(2) Formed spaces:

Installation: Inserts Anchors

Bulkheads

Sleeves

Steel for reinforcement

Removal of debris

Wetting of sandy bottom
Foundation Stage 15

5. Footings, Foundation Walls, Piers— Continued

(c) Reinforcing

(1) Footings over pipe lines and utility

trenches

(2) Walls around temporary openings

(3) Lower-level walls and piers:

Splicing

Anchoring

(d) Municipal approval

6. Backfilling

(a) Prior to backfilling

(1) Subsurface masonry

(2) Drain tile (b) Material for bacldill

(1) Drainage characteristics

(c) Track for heavy equipment

(d) Trees

(1) Breathing sqace

(2) Drainage

(e) Topsoil protection

IV. STRUCTURAL- FRAMING STAGE

1. General Preparations

Review section II, Preliminary Stage, preparatory to superstructure framing.

(a) Prior to starting work

(1) Approvals and instructions:

Construction program and equipment

Shop drawings

Sample materials

Concrete mixes

Masonry mortars

Sample walls (masonry, stone, stucco)

(2) Full-sized details

(3) Quality of: Brick

Tile

Concrete blocks

Facing stone

(b) Removal of rejected materials

2. Superstructure Framing

See Appendix:

A—Concrete

B—^Masonry

C—Waterproofing, dampproofing, calking

D—Structural-steel

E—Carpentry

(a) Framing

(1) Plumb, lines, levels

(2) Temporary bracing

17

444752°—42-
Ig Field Inspectors' Check List

3. Utilities

(a) Provision for services

(1) Heating lines to central plant

(2) Electricity, gas

(3) Telephone

(4) Openings through framework for: Plumbing

Electricity, gas

Other lines

(5) Pipe sleeves

(b) Pipe lines and connections for fixtures

[See V-6 (b). Piping]

(1) Roughing in

(2) Erection

(3) Interferences

(c) Framing members

(1) Cutting

(2) Patching _ (d) Chases for pipe lines in masonry walls

(e) Anchors for hanging fixtures and radiators in

(1) Solid-masonry walls

(2) Hollow-unit walls

4. Concluding Check Up of Stage IV

(a) Prior to covering

(1) Work in place

(2) Correction of faulty work

(b) Removal of debris and rubbish

(c) Municipal approval
V. INTERMEDIATE STAGE

1. General Requirements

Eeview section II, Preliminary Stage, preparatory to proceeding.

(a) Ventilation to prevent condensation of moisture

before covering

(1) Walls

(2) Floors

(3) Roof

(b) Heating during installation of work in damp or

freezing weather

(c) Removal from ground within building walls of

(1) Waste lumber and concrete forms

(2) Surface water or snow

(d) Protection of work in place from damage by

(1) Other trades

(2) Fire

(3) Other agents

(e) Storage on floors

(1) Prevention of: Overloading

Interference with curing

(f) Surfaces to be covered

(1) Cleaning

(g) Pipes and conduits prior to concealment

(1) Location

(2) Testing of

(h) Backing-up members for fixtures

(1) Referencing

(i) Metals in contact

(1) Electrolytic action

19
20 Field Inspectors'' Check List

2. Thermal Insulation

(a) Materials

(1) Dry

(2) Undamaged

(b) Moisture barrier

(1) Material

(2) Placement on inside of insulating layer

(c) Wall and ceiling

(1) Board insulation:

Alinement

Expansion space

Fastening

(2) Fill insulation:

Side wall: Space full to top

Ceiling:

Evenness of distribution

(3) Batt and blanket insulation

Fastening

Joints

3. Sheet -Metal Work

(a) Standing seams

(1) Effects of temperature changes (expansion and contraction)

(b) Other seams

(1) Tinning

(c) Painting

(1) Siu-faces prior to painting:

Removal of: Grease

Flux

Foreign matter

(2) Undersurfaces (except copper) prior to concealment:

Coating

(d) Electrolytic action

(e) Gutters and downspouts

(1) Straightness and pitch

(2) Tightness

(3) Bracket fastenings
Intermediate Stage

4. Weatherproofing

(a) Flashing of

(1) Roof

(2) Parapet walls

(3) Windows

(4) Doors

5. Roofing

(a) Built-up

(1) Condition of deck

(2) Insulation:

Placing

(3) Felt:Placing

(4) Pitch or asphalt:

Application:

Temperature

Consistency

Amount in each mopping

(5) Surfacing material:

Condition

Quantity per square

(b) Tile

(1) Condition of deck

(2) Underlay material

(3) Lapping

(4) Fastenings

(c) Slate

(1) Condition of deck

(2) Underlay material

(3) Lapping

(4) Staggering of joints

(5) Nails and nailing

(6) Bedding in slater's cement adjacent to: Valleys

Ridges

Chimneys

Dormers
22 Field Inspectors' Check List

5. Roofing—Continued

(d) Cement-asbestos shingles

(1) Condition of deck

(2) Underlay material

(3) Starter com-se at eaves

(4) Exposure

(5) Headlap and sidelap (Dutch lap and hexagonal methods)

(6) Nails and fastenings

(e) Wood shingles

(1) Grade

(2) Staining

(3) Exposure

(4) Double first course at eaves

(5) Staggering of joints

(6) Nailing

(f) Asphalt-prepared roofing

(1) Asphalt shingles:

Condition of deck

Underlay material

Edging at eaves and rake

Starting strip or double course at eaves Exposure

Nailing

(2) Asphalt-prepared roll roofing:

Condition of deck

Edging at eaves and rake

Starter strip at eaves

Vertical and horizontal seams: Lap

Nailing

(g) Metal roofing

(1) Surface treatment

(2) Expansion joints

(3) Nailing and fastening
Intermediate Stage 23

6. Plumbing

See other stages for introduction of utilities and piping

to avoid interferences. Equipment and installation to be

checked by special plumbing inspector or coordinating

mechanical engineer.

(a) General

(1) Materials:

Manufacturer's certificates Laboratory test reports

(b) Piping

[See IV-3 (b) Pipe lines and connections for

fixtures]

(1) Prior to concealment:

Clearance

Alinement

Pitch

Head room

Expansion due to temperature changes

(c) Welding

(1) Qualifications of welding operators

(2) Joints

(d) Supports

(1) Risers

(2) Pipe hangers:

Design

Spacing

Anchors

Rustproofing

(3) Tanks

(4) Generators

(e) Cleanouts

(1) Accessibility

(f) Pipe covering

(1) Protection by:

Air circulation

Sizing or priming
24 Field Inspectors' Check List

6. Plumbing—Continued

(g) Radiators

(1) Connections:

Supply and return

(2) Location

(3) Settings:

Strains on cast-iron fittings

(h) Plumbing fixtures

(1) Clearances

(i) Fittings

(1) Stop-valve connections:

Sill cocks or hose bibs

(2) Risers and fixtures: Air chambers at top

(3) Drainage piping:

Long sweep for changes in direction

(4) Scale pockets

(5) Drip points:

Threaded caps

(j) Pressure-reducing valves, pumps, equipment with

moving parts

(1) Strainers on inlet side

(k) Traps and vents

(1) Building drain

(2) Fixture traps:

Water seals Continuous-waste-and-vent

(3) Vents:

Back

Group

(1) Workmanship

(1) Qualifications of plumbers

(2) Screwed pipe:

Reaming

(m) Bell and spigot joints

(1) Calking

(2) Leading

(n) Conduits

(1) Trapping

(2) Drain provision:

Sump and drain pumps
Intermediate Stage 25

6. Plumbing—Continued

(n) Conduits—Continued

(3) Plugging of ends

(o) Municipal approval

7. Heating

See other stages for introduction of utilities and piping

to avoid interferences. Equipment and installation to be

checked by special heating inspector or coordinating

mechanical engineer.

(a) General

(1) Materials:

Manufacturer's certificates Laboratory test reports

(b) Boiler or furnace settings

(1) Baffles: Freedom from cracks and leaks

(2) Firebrick and silicon-carbon blocks:

Dipping in high-temperature or fire clay

mortar

(3) Brick or tile: Whole

Unwarped

Freedom from cracks

(4) Allowances for expansion

(5) Curing

(6) Tightness

(7) Clearance for stoker mechanism

Completely filled with water

(2) Plates over top row of boiler tubes:

Anchorage for prevention of buckling

(3) Insulating brick above plates:

Prevention of gas leakage by staggering

Prior to operation:

Free of water, openings sealed or

of joints

444762°—42-
26 Field Inspectors'^ Chech List

7. Heating—Continued

(c) Boilers—Continued

(4) Peepholes:

Accessibility

Maximum view

(5) Air passages and dampers in air-cooled

settings:

Removal of foreign matter

(d) Stokers

(1) Movable parts:

Operation

Lubrication

(e) Guards or pipe coverings

(1) Prevention of damage by valve-operating

chains

(f) Supports under piping to reciprocal pump

(1) Elimination of vibration

(g) Coal scales

(1) Calibration by local department of weights

and measures

(h) Cleanout facilities

(1) Size

(2) Accessibility

(i) Gages and thermometers

(1) Visibihty

(j) Steam plant

(1) Cleaning:

Under steam pressure

(2) Operation of vacuum pumps and trap

elements:

Delay until completion of pressure

cleaning

(3) Preliminary operation of boilers: Prior to municipal inspection:

Compliance with codes and specifications

Adjustments by factory representative

Tightness of joints and connections

Noiseless fimctioning
Intermediate Stage 27

7. Heating—Continued

(j) Steam plant—Continued

(3) Preliminary operation of boilers—Con.

Prior to acceptance:

Traps

Strainers

Sediment pockets

Mud drums

Removal of accumulations frominterior of settings and hoppers

Municipal approval

(k) Oil burners

(1) Electric wiring

(2) Bonnetstat or boiler thermostat

(3) Stackstat

(4) House thermostat

(5) Oil tank:

Capacity

Location

(6) Filler pipe and cap

(7) Supply pipe

(8) Oil lift pump

(9) Combustion chamber

(1) Warm-air furnaces

(1) Flue

(2) Flue lining

(3) Thimble

(4) Firepot and firebrick

(5) Grate and shaker mechanism

(6) Ducts and grilles:

Supply and return

(7) Smoke pipe:

Damper

Damper control

(8) Humidifier

(9) Circulating fan:

Connections

Electric wiring

Belts
28 Field Inspectors' Check List

8. Air Conditioning

See other stages for introduction of utilities and piping

to avoid interfei'ences. Equipment and installation to be

checked by special air-conditioning inspector or coordinating mechanical engineer.

(a) General

(1) Materials:

Manufacturer's certificates Laboratory test reports

(2) Cooling load of structure

(b) Units

(1) Size

(2) Manufacturer's catalog rating

(c) Compressors

(1) Size

(2) Manufacturer's catalog rating

(d) Compressor motor

(1) Horsepower

(e) Fan motor

(1) Horsepower

(f) Wire

(1) Size

(g) Duct

(1) Size

(2) Thickness of material

(h) Grilles

(1) Location

(2) Supply and return

(i) Thermostat or hygrostat

(1) Location

(j) Dampers

(1) Controls:

(k)

Type

Refrigerating machine

(1)

(1) Controls:

Type

Service guaranty
Intermediate Stage 29

9. Electrical Work

See other stages for introduction of utilities and piping

to avoid interferences. Equipment and installation to be checked by special electrical inspector or coordinating

mechanical engineer.

(a) General

(1) Materials:

Manufacturer's certificates Laboratory test reports

(b) Wiling and fixtures

(1) Feeder and subfeeder cables: Color coding

(2) Switches and receptacles:

Installation:

Anchorage

Alinement

Plumbness

Operation

(3) Electrical outlet boxes:

Size

Setting

Clearance

(4) Motors and control equipment:

Installation

Operation

Sound insulation and isolation

(5) Fuses:

Size

Spares

(6) Outlets:

Polarity

(7) Municipal or other approval

10. Miscellaneous Metal Work

(a) Metal items

(1) Anchoi-age for attachment

(b) Recesses for

(1) Letter box

(2) Mail chute
30 Field Inspectors'' Check List

10. Miscellaneous Metal Work—Continued

(c) Pipe-rail posts

(1) Calking into sleeves

(d) Metal bucks

(1) Bracing

(2) Alinement

(3) Protection, especially on main travel aisles

(e) Stairs

(1) Stringers

(2) Treads and risers

(3) Bearing at supports

(4) Levels of top and bottom treads

(5) Fillers in tread pans for protection of

nosings

(f) Connections

(1) Tightness

(2) Lock or set of nuts on bolts

(g) Painting

(1) Prior to erection:

Inaccessible parts

(2) Shop-paint abrasions

(h) Milled surfaces in contact

(1) Oiling

11. Metal Windows

(a) Setting

(b) Calking

(c) Priming

(d) Attachment of trim

(e) Adjustment of friction hinges

(f) Prior to final plastering or painting

(1) Curtain or shade mounting

(2) Drilling of jambs

12. Lathing

(a) Metal-lath application

(1) Angles

(2) Kibs

(3) Joints at sides and heads of openings

(4) Corner beads
Intermediate Stage

12. Lathing—Continued

(a) Metal-lath application—Continued

(5) Covering:

Narrow spaces between openings

Internal corners Joints between wood and masonry

Pipe and conduit chases

Beams

Lintels

Archways

Cornices

(b) Wood-lath application

(1) Spacing

(2) End joints:

Solid bearing

Staggering

13. Plaster and Stucco

(a) Preparation

(1) Grounds:

Thickness:

Nailing strength for trim

Support for hanging fixtures

(2) Lime prior to mixing:

Slaking

Soaking

(3) Masonry surfaces:

Scoring

Cleaning

Wetting

(4) Wood lath: Wetting

(5) Gypsum and insulating lath: Dry

(b) Application

(1) Mix

(2) Color and texture

(3) Alinement and levels

(c) Curing

(1) Wetting

. (2) Drying
32 Field Inspectors'' Check List

13. Plaster and Stucco—Continued

(d) Patching

(1) Cleaning of exposed lath

(2) Raking of cracks to form clean key

(3) Wetting of edges

(e) Finishing of stucco surfaces

(1) Cement wash for water-cement paint

(2) Lead-and-oil mixture for oil paint

14. Sash and Doors

(a) Priming

(1) Prior to or immediately after delivery:

Frames

Sash

Recesses for glazing

(b) Hanging

(1) Hardware in place

(2) Clearance at head and jambs

(3) Operation

(c) Staff beads

(1) Alinement

(2) Calking:

Allowance for

(d) Refitting after installation of weatherstripping

(1) Snug-easy operation

15. Weatherstripping

(a) Quality

(1) Temper of spring metal

(2) Cut:

Cross-grain

(b) Installation

(1) Application after fitting of wood members

(2) Joints:

Tight

Smooth

(3) Fastening

(4) Seal

(5) Operation of units

(c) Thresholds

(1) Calking
Intermediate Stage, 33

16. Glazing

(a) Glass

(1) Type:

Ordinary:

Sticker

Special, ray transmitting or resisting:

Manufacturer's certificate of compliance or Laboratory test report

(2) Quality:

Flawless

Flat (not spi'ung into place)

(3) Size:

Tolerances for openings

(4) Installation:

Mechanical fastenings

(b) Putty or mastic

(1) Quality:

Elasticity

Adhesion

Hardening

(2) Application:

Bed and face

Bevels

(3) Recesses for glazing:

Priming

(c) Replacement of broken or scratched glass

(d) Cleaning

17. Millwork

(a) Trim

(1) Priming or back priming (same bases as

final finish)

(2) Storage:

Dry
34 Field Inspectors'' Check List

17. Millwork—Continued

(a) Trim.—Continued

(3) Installation:

Cutting:

Mitering

Splicing (permitted ordy in running

trim)

:

Halving

Application after plaster dries: Running trim:

Plumb

Level

Straight

End joints:

Over solid bearings

Thresholds:

Full length

Nailing:

Size

Amount

Manner

Set

(b) Stationary cabinets

(1) Anchoring

(2) Scribing

(c) Drawers, doors, sliding boards

(1) Operation

(2) Elimination of warp and check

(d) Finish surfaces

(1) Removal of tool marks and abrasions

18. Finish Flooring

(a) Wood

(1) Storage:

Dry

(2) Installation:

Baseboards:

Clearance for expansion

Joints:

Tight fit
Intermediate Stage 35

18. Finish Flooring—Continued

(a) Wood—Continued

(3) Nailing:

Bearings

End joints (unless matched)

Avoidance of tongue damage

(4) Protection after laying:

Covering until waxed or finished

(b) Linoleum, rubber, felt-base, or asphalt, in sheet

or tile form

Moisture and temperature equilibrium normal

for location to be established before proceeding

with the installation.

(1) Subfloor surface:

Dryness

Rigidity

Levelness

Cleaning

(2) Installation:

Manufacturer's instructions

Underlay over strip-wood floor: Type

Adhesives:

Type

Application

Removal of trapped air

(3) Protection after laying:

Covering until waxed or finished

(c) Ceramic tile (1) Type

(2) Setting bed:

Rigidity

Levelness

(3) Joints:

Uniformity

(4) Surface:

Evenness
36 Field Inspectors'' Check List

18. Finish Flooring—Continued

(d) Concrete

(1) Mix

(2) Placing:

Compactness

(3) Surface:

Evenness

Finish

(e) Stone

(1) Type

(2) Setting bed:

Rigidity

Levelness

(3) Joints

(4) Surface:

Evenness

19. Screening

(a) Installation

(1) Screen cloth: Tightness

Fastening

(2) Frames:

Wood:

Fit

Operation

Metal:

Electrolytic action

(3) Openings and removable screens: Identification tags

(b) Cleaning

(c) Paint splashes

(1) Removal
VI. FINISHING STAGE

1. Hardware

(a) Materials

(1) Approved samples:

Identifying tags

Classifying and filing

(2) Bolts, nuts, screws, other hardware:

Removal of sharp edges and projections

(b) Workmanship

(1) Installation:

Qualifications of mechanics

(2) Operating parts:

Adjustment and functioning

Clearance for door closers Latches and locks

(3) Keys:

Fitting

Marking

Provision of adequate supply

(4) Door stops:

Clearances

Resistance to impact

(5) Fastenings:

Nuts: • ' Lockwashers

Upset thread on bolt

Screws:

Bite into wood

Prevention of hammer driving

(6) Surface plates and items on sash, doors,

etc.: Fitting

Protection

37
38 Field Inspectors'' Check List

2. Painting and Decorating

(a) Materials

(1) Contractor's written statement:

Brand

Composition

Manufacturer's certificate of compliance

Approvals

(2) Tests: Composition

Conformance with standard panels:

Color

Texture

Hiding power

Cleanability

(3) Linseed-oil, enamel, and other paints:

Keady-mixed:

Containers:

Original

Unopened

Labeling:

Manufacturer's name

Brand

Composition

Mixed-on-job:

Competency of workmen

Uniformity of color: Size of batches

(4) Coatings for radiators and hot pipes:

Heat-resistance

(b) Surface preparation

(1) Removal of stains caused by:

Dampproofing

Calking compound

Plaster

(2) Nail heads:

Set

Puttying

Smoothing and sanding of dry putty
Finishing Stage 39

2. Painting and Decorating—Continued

(b) Surface preparation—Continued

(3) Pruning (base material same as finish):

Surfaces inaccessible after installation:

Trim, backs of

Frames, door and window

Double-hung-window jambs

Casings

Doors, top and bottom of Baseboards

Drip caps

Staff beads

Roofing sheets, metal

Flashings, metal (except copper)

Radiators

Flooring for porches, wood

(4) Sizing, neutralizing, or special treatment:

Insulating board

Plaster

Concrete

Zinc-coated metal

(5) Protection, by removal or covering:

Finish hardware

Switch plates

Surfaces likely to be damaged by other

trades

(c) Application

(1) Weather conditions:

Suitability

(2) Varnishes and enamels:

Smoothness

(3) Lead-and-oil paints:

Thorough working out

Smears and spatters:

Removal

Successive coats: Sanding

Buffing

Different shades (to facilitate in- spection)
40 Field Inspectors'' Cheek List

2. Painting and Decorating—Continued

(c) Application—Continued

(3) Lead-and-oil-paints—Continued

Successive coats—Continued

Time allowance for drying between

coats Uniform coverage for similar surfaces

Full coverage for partially concealed

spaces:

Pipes and radiators:

Back

Top

Underside

Doors

Door bucks

Window stools Wood rails and strips

Returns of trim

(4) Cement paints for masonry surfaces:

Wetting of surfaces to be painted

Scrubbing on with stiff bristle brush

Damp curing

(d) Protection from damage

(1) Work in place

(2) Wet paint

(e) Cleaning

(1) Final coat when thoroughly dry

3. Lighting Fixtures

(a) Wiring

(1) Switches

(2) Connections:

Soldering

Welding

(3) Municipal approval

(b) Bulbs

(1) Lighting

(2) Cleaning

(3) Protection from damage
Finishing Stage 41

4. Masonry

(a) Pointing

(1) Holes and cracks:

Mortar filling (same composition as

facing)

(2) Defective mortar:

Cutting out

Solid refilling

(3) Removal of: Nails

Devices for forming weep holes

(4) Tooling

(b) Cleaning

(1) Protection of: Metal

Stone

Other

(2) Methods:

Sandblasting

Muriatic acid wash

Water wash

Abrasive stone

Wire brush

Steam

5. Concluding Check Up of Stage VI

(a) Cleaning of

(1) Crawl and pipe spaces

(2) Pipe chases

(3) Attics

(4) Vents in walls

(5) Floors

(6) Chimney bottoms

(7) Accessible spaces

(8) Decorated or finished surfaces

(9) Glass, hardware, and fixtures

(b) Removal of debris

(c) Closiag off of floor openings around piping
42 Field Insfectors' Check List

5. Concluding Check Up of Stage VI—Continued

(d) Accessibility of crawl spaces

(e) Replacement of broken glass

(f) Operation of doors and windows

(g) Removal of equipment
VII. FINAL RECORDS

Copies of the following records to be assembled and

delivered to owner or manager of building.

1. Guaranties

(a) Specified

(b) Additional

(1) Correction of construction defects

2. Reports of Final Inspections

3. Instructions

(a) Mechanical equipment

(1) Operation

(2) Maintenance

4. Recommendations of Contractor or Manufacturer

(a) Periodic check up

(1) Materials

(2) Repairs

(3) Refinishing

(4) Replacement

5. Settlement

(a) Frequent observations

6. Changes

(a) Design

(b) Actual

43
44 Field Inspectors^ Check List

7. File Copies

(a) Contracts

(b) Specifications

(c) Drawings

(d) Test reports

(e) Certificates

(f) Job correspondence

8. Waivers of Lien

9. Contractors' Affidavits

10. Utility Approvals

11. Occupancy Certificate
APPENDIX A— CONCRETE^

1. Records for Concrete Work, Daily or Periodic

(a) Moisture content

(1) Aggregates

(b) Test reports

(1) Mixes

(2) Cements

(3) Aggregates

(4) Steel

(c) Samples and brands

(1) Approved

(2) Variations

(d) Daily pour

(1) Location

(2) Amount

(e) Forms

(1) Leakage of concrete

(2) Removal

(f) Cracks

(1) Initial

(2) Progressive changes

(g) Surface

(1) Finish

(h) Walls

(1) Repairing of leaks: Method

Effectiveness

(i) Weather conditions

(1) Temperature:

Maximum

Minimum

2 Refer to ACI Manual of Concrete Inspection, Report of Committee 611, issued by the American Concrete Institute, 7400 Second Boulevard, Detroit, Mich. (1941). 45
46 Field InsfectoTs' Check List

1. Records for Concrete Work, Daily or Periodic—Con.

(i) Weather conditions—Continued

(2) Rainfall

(3) Wind

2. Forms for Concrete

(a) Construction

(1) Location

(2) Alinement:

Provision for settlement

(3) Elevation

(4) Tightness

(5) Strength

(6) Bracing:

Ties and spacers:

Removal or cutting back

Prevention of mortar leakage

(b) Enclosures in concrete, placement of: [Verify with subcontractors]

(1) Conduits

(2) Anchors

(3) Inserts

(4) Other

(c) Vibrated concrete

(1) Tightness at: Panel joints

Corners

Connections

(d) Surfaces

(1) Wood:

Cleanness

Smoothness

Shrinkage:

Adjustment by wetting or drying

(2) Metal:

Abrasion (not abraded to bright metal)

Deterioration, prevention by:

Oiling and exposing to sun

or Rubbing with liquid paraffin
Appendix A—Concrete 47

3. Reinforcement

(a) Accessories

(b) Shop details

(1) Conformance

(c) Surfaces

(1) Cleanness

(2) Freedom from rust scale

(d) Bars

(1) Spacing

(2) Secure placement

(e) Splices

(1) Length

(2) Spacing

(3) Firmness

4. Materials ^

(a) Storage

(1) Cement:

Dry

Protection from elements

Removal of absorbed moisture by air jetting

(2) Aggregates, fine and coarse: Segregation of sizes

(b) Measuring

(1) Cement:

Units of whole sacks unless weighed

(2) Aggregates:

Within tolerance of 1 to 2 percent

(3) Water:

Within tolerance of 1 percent (free

moisture in aggregates =part of re- quired water)

(c) Batched aggregates or ready-mixed concrete

(1) Assembling and arrival: Uniformity of batches

3 On projects where bin storage, hoppers, mechanical conveyors, etc., are used, refer to Proposed Recommended Practice for Measuring, Mixing, and Placing Concrete, Report of Committee 614, issued by the American Concrete Institute, 7400 Second Boulevard, Detroit, Mich. (1941).
48 Field Inspectors'' Check List

5. Mixing at Job

(a) Mixer

(1) Leaks

(2) Waste of material

(3) Mixing blades

(4) Discharge of concrete (l-inch slump)

(5) Starting and stopping under full load

(6) Removal of hardened concrete or mortar

accumulation

(b) Batch

(1) Size:

Guaranteed capacity of mixer

Reduction when combined with pre- ceding batch

(c) Mixing procedure

(1) Provision for easy flow of dry ingredients

(2) Continuous flow of water (maximum, 25

percent of mixing time)

(d) Consistency control

(1) Maintenance of constant proportions:

Cement (for strength)

Water and fine aggregates (for workability)

(2) Adjustments in mix

(e) Mixing time (measured after all solid materials

have entered drum)

(1) For mixers of 1 cubic yard or less: * Minimum, 1 minute

(2) For mixers larger than 1 cubic yard:

15 seconds added for each additional

}{ cubic yard

(f) Retempering

(1) Restoration of workability by carefully

controlled addition of water to delayed

batches complying with specified watercement ratio

< For mixes having less than 6 sacks of cement per cubic yard, mixed to dry consistencies

or containing harsh aggregates; time increased 26 to 50 percent.
Appendix A—Concrete 49

5. Mixing at Job—Continued

(g) Sources of error in mixing

(1) Loading and discharging:

Overlap of batches

(2) Loss of material:

Transferring batches to skips of portable mixers

(3) "Hang-up":

Combining portion of one batch with

another

6. Ready-Mixed Concrete (Centrally Mixed, TruckMixed, "Shrink-Mixed")

(a) Consistency

(1) Expeditious delivery (for prevention of

loss of slump)

(2) Adjustments after delivery:

If too dry:

Addition of water within specification limits

Addition of proportionate quantities

water and cement

If too wet: Addition of proportionate quantities

of cement and aggregate

(b) Truck mixing

(1) Mixer speed:

Manufacturer's recommendations (2 to 6 drum rpm)

7. Mixing Efficiency

(a) Thoroughness ^

(1) Sand-cement and water-cement ratio in

any part of batch at end of mixing

period (tolerance 10%)

(2) Coarse aggregate-mortar ratio (uniform

by visual inspection)

(3) Mixing time (increased if necessary)

* U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Concrete Manual (1938); or Iowa State College, Bui. 113, A Proposed Syitem for the Analysis and Field Control of Fresh Concrete (1933).
50 Field Inspectors'' Check List

8. Discharging Operation

(a) Continuous flow

(b) Time allowance (in addition to mixing time)

(c) Drop of concrete

(1) Vertical

(d) Weights of aggregate per batch

9. Placing of Concrete

(a) Equipment

(1) Type (for expeditious transportation)

(2) Arrangement

(b) Methods

(1) Fill:Uniformity

Denseness

(2) Separation:

Coarse aggregate from mortar:

Reduction to safe minimum

Established mixes:

Maintenance of constant proportions

(3) Deposit:

Layei"s:

Depth

Bond

Water gain

Rock pockets

10. Vibrating of Concrete, Internal

Vibrating, except for special sections such as thin slabs,

improves concrete quality and durability and reduces

shrinkage and subsidence, permitting use of concrete less wet than usual "medium" consistency. It is recom- mended for all large concrete projects and is well worth

considering for small projects.®

(a) Equipment

(1) Power

(2) Frequency

' For detailed recommendations, refer to Recommendations for Placing Concrete by Vibration, Report of Committee 609, issued by the American Concrete Institute, 7400 Second Boulevard,

Detroit, Mich. (1936).
Appendix A—Concrete 51

10. Vibrating of Concrete, Internal—Continued

(a) Equipment—Continued

(3) Efficiency

(4) Standby units and parts for continuous

operation

(b) Workmanship

(1) Operators:

Experience

Competency

(2) Vibration:

Short insertions of vibrators:

Systematic and narrow intervals

Avoidance of overvibration (particularly slumps of more than 4 inches)

11. Construction Joints

(a) Location

(1) Horizontal or vertical

(2) In slabs and beams:

At points of minimum shear

(b) Forms

(1) Tight placing (to avoid mortar disfigurement)

12. Surface of Concrete in Place

(a) Bonding

(1) Laitance, surface film, mortar:

Removal by strong jetting of air and

water, stiff wire brush scrubbing, or sandblasting

(2) Soft mortar (1 inch) preceding new concrete: Proportions same as concrete Application on cleaned and wetted

surface

Scrubbing in with wire broom

(b) Covering of exposed surfaces

(1) Wet burlap or saturated sand kept continuously moist
52 Field Inspectors'' Check List

13. Cold-Weather Construction

(a) Sections not classed as mass concrete

(1) Concrete placement:

At maximum temperature of 70° F

Uniform heating of: Water

Aggregates

(2) Protection from prolonged freezing by:

Heating

Insulation

(3) Curing:

Normal rate of set: Maintenance of temperature of concrete and surrounding air at 50° to 100° F

Avoidance of: Overheating

Rapid setting

If frozen prior to set: Maintenance of heating after thaw

until set ' (b) Sections classed as mass concrete

(1) Concrete placement:

At minimum of 40° F where protected

from freezing

Hydration heat loss: Rate (slow)

14. Hot-Weather Construction

(a) Placement at low temperature by

(1) Use of cold mixing water

(2) Sprinkling or cooling of aggregate

(3) Avoiding hot cement

(4) Placing at night

(b) Cooling by

(1) Prompt whitewashing of black sealing

compounds (to retard sun's rays)

(2) Covering with burlap

(3) Continuous sprinkling
ippendix A—Concrete 53

15. Finishing of Surfaces Made Without Forms

(a) Initial operation

(1) Screeding, floating, first troweling:

Limited working of concrete

(b) Finishing operation

(1) Prolonging of intervals between each step

(c) Surface water

(1) Removal of accumulation before use of

finishing tool

(d) Surface texture

(1) Obtaining of finish by one troweling

16. Curing

(a) Application of specified curing immediately concrete is placed

(b) Surface protection

(1) Prevention of drying out by:

Keeping continuously moist

Protection from drying winds and sun's rays

(2) Initial surface inspection:

Within 6 hours

17. Removal of Forms

(a) Strength of concrete prior to removal of supporting forms

(1) Construction loads

(2) Reshoring at critical points

(b) Prevention of damage

(c) Surfaces immediately after form removal

(1) Elimination or prevention of: Damage

Sand streaks

Rock pockets

Honeycombing

Other defects

(d) Surfaces exposed during curing period

(1) Continuously moist
54 Field Inspectors'' Check List

18. Correction of Defects

(a) Cutting out of affected areas

(1) Depth:

At least 1 inch

(2) Sides:

Perpendicular

(3) Face:Cleaned thoroughly

Roughened

(b) Pockets or grooves

(1) Wetting:

To area of 12 inches

(2) Bonding:

Yi inch 1 : 1 cement-sand mortar

(3) Mortar:

Building up (same composition as concrete) : Coats % inch thick

Patching:

Consistency, dry enough for: Ready placement

Maintenance in place

Mixing:

Thorough

Allowance for standing (one hour

with occasional stirring)

Remixing (without addition of

water)

(c) Color matchmg of adjoining surfaces

(1) Trial batches

'

(2) Addition of white portland cement

(d) Deep areas

(1) Forming

(2) Surfaces:

Cleaning

Wetting

^ ' Application of bonding mortar

(e) Tie holes passing through walls

(1) Filling with mortar from back face by:

Plunger-tj^pe gun

Other dcA^ce
Appendix A—Concrete 55

18. Correction of Defects—Continued

(e) Tie holes passing through walls—Continued

(2) Stopping at exposed face by:

Burlap or canvas

(3) Surface holes in walls: Solid filling (4) Face:Excess mortar struck off flush

(f) Each coat

(1) Thorough compacting

(2) Prior to application of next coat: Wood-floating or cross-scratching

Allowance for set (one or two days,

continuously wet)

(3) Final coat: Slight projection to offset initial shrinkage

Struck off flush Patched

Maintained wet

(g) Treatment for minor flaws:

(1) Preparation of surface:

Brushing and cleaning

Wetting to saturation

(2) Grout coating:

1 : 1 cement and fine sand

Consistency (for application with stiff bristle brush)

(3) Complete filling of: Indentations

Air bubbles

Pin holes

(4) Removal of excess grout and film by:

Steel troweling when partially set Vigorous rubbing with burlap after some drying

(h) Cleaning

(1) Removal of incrustations of mortar, fins, offsets, etc., by:

Rubbing with carborundum stone
56 Field Inspectors'' Chech List

18. Correction of Defects—Continued

(h) Cleaning—Continued

(1) Removal of incrustations of mortar, fins,

ofi^sets, etc., by—Continued

Scouring with:

Steel wool

Fine steel brushes

Chipping off and patching

(2) Surface of patch and adjoining areas: Removal of stains and discolorations

Making smooth and flush by:

Rubbing

Other approved methods
APPENDIX B — MASONRY

1. Records for Masonry Work, Daily or Periodic

(a) Test reports

(1) Masonry units

(2) Mortars:

Materials

(3) Anchors

(4) Ties

(b) Samples and brands

(1) Approved

(2) Variations

(c) Daily construction

(1) Location

(2) Amount

(d) Cracks

(1) Initial

(2) Progressive changes

(e) Leakage

(1) Tests

(2) Repairs:

Method

Effectiveness

(f) Weather conditions

(1) Temperature:

Maximum

Minimum

(2) Rainfall

(3) Wind

2. Construction

(a) Workmanship

(1) Alinements

(2) Elevations

(3) Number of courses
58 Field Inspectors' Check List

2. Construction—Continued

(a) Workmanship—Continued

(4) Moisture content of units:

Wetting of clay bricks

Drying of concrete brick and block

(5) Forming of weep holes

(6) Cavity spaces:

Freedom from mortar droppings

(b) Anchors and inserts

(1) Correct location

(2) Solid placement

(c) Mortar

(1) Plastic quahty

(2) Use within 2 hours after mixing

(3) Frequent retempering

(d) Joints

(1) Bedding

(2) Filling

(3) Uniform thickness

(e) Tooling

(1) Thumbprint hardness

(2) Exposed surfaces of joints:

Smooth

Untorn

(f) Pointing

(1) Raking of joints:

Plaster bond

Calking

(2) Repairing of exposed shrinkage cracks by

Wetting walls

Raking cracks

Solid refilling

(3) Nail and other holes

(g) Parging . (1) Uniform thickness

(2) Continuous application

(3) Parged units:

Undisturbed during parging

(4) Setting of dislodged units:

Relaid to line in fresh mortar
Appendix B—Masonry 59

2. Construction—Continued

(h) Bond between old and new work

(1) Covering of day's work:

Top of walls

(2) Joints:

Removal of exposed dried-out mortar

(3) Prior to placing fresh mortar:

CleaningWetting

(i) Flashings

(1) Position

(2) Joints (for drainage):

Tightness

Freedom from wrinkles, breaks, and

tears Lap

(3) Counterflashings:

Repointing (after completion of roof)

(j) Steel lintels

(1) Exposed edges:

Depth of face-joint tooling

(2) Beds under lintel or beam bearings:

Spacing of joints

(3) Brick on lintels: Full-bed bearing

(k) Freezing-weather construction

(1) Protection by:

Heating of mortar materials

3. Finished Surfaces

(,a) Protection from damage (especially at corners,

sills, belts)

(1) Stone:

Prohibition of Dugan patching

(2) Glazed brick or tile (3) Terra cotta

(b) Prevention of mortar stains

(1) Periodic disposal of masonry refuse
60 Field Inspectors' Chech List

4. Chimneys

(a) Brick and tile (1) Plumbness

(2) Taper

(3) Tile flue linings:

Laying:

One section ahead of surrounding

brick

Gas-tight

(4) Joints:

Completely filled Flush on flue side

(5) Flues and air spaces:

Clear of mortar droppings and projections

(6) Reinforcing bands and iron:

Installation

(b) Fire-clay brick

(1) Laying:

Dipping in mortar

Joints:

Thickness

Tightness

Bonding mortars, fire-clay or air-setting

refractory:

Freedom from grit

Consistency

Plasticity

(c) Cleaning

(d) Pointing
APPENDIX C—WATERPROOFING, DAMPPROOFING

AND CALKING

1. Materials for Waterproofing, Dampproofing, Calking

(a) Quality

(1) Brand

(2) Compounds in sealed containers

(3) Weight

(4) Asphalt content

(5) Suitable thinners

(b) Tests

(1) Calking in exposed joints:

Adhesion

Shrinkage

Ductility

Sag

Ability to take paint

Color when dry

2. Workmanship

(a) Coverage

(1) Number of full coats

(2) Avoidance of skimping

(3) Flashings over spandrels and lintels: Consistency of coatings

(4) Window and door members:

Prevention of: Oozing

Staining

(5) Laps

(6) Moppings

(7) Flashings

61
62 Field Inspectors'' Ch-eck List

2. Workmanship—Continued

(b) Calking

(1) Application:

Prior to attachment of staff beads

(2) Joints:

Dry

Raked out clean

Preparation according to manufacturer's directions

Oakiun packing

Consistency of compounds

Filling

(3) Exposed surfaces:

Smoothness

Firmness (for painting)

(c) Protection of adjacent work from staining (especially by sprayed-on materials)
APPENDIX D— STRUCTURAL STEEL

1. Materials for Structural Steel Work

(a) Grades and pi'operties

(1) Approved certificates

(2) Mill reports

(b) Sizes and shapes

(1) Specified or approved equivalent

(2) Tolerances

(c) Handling and delivery

(1) Protection from damage

2. Fabrication and Erection '

(,a) Equipment

(1) Bracing

(2) Location and set of: Anchor bolts

Other inserts

(3) Prior to attaching steel: Adjustments to fit inaccuracies

(b) Welding

(1) Approval of: Materials

Equipment

(2) Qualifications of welders

(c) Riveting '

(1) Hazard precautions

(2) Holes for rivets or bolts: Location (not at strength joints)

Spacing

Alinement

' In accordance with Standard Specification for the Design, Fabrication, and Erection of

Structural Steel for Buildings; revised 1937, reprinted 1939 in part IV of Steel Construction,

issued by the American Institute of Steel Construction. 63
64 Field Inspectors'' Check List

2. Fabrication and Erection—Continued

(c) Riveting—Continued

(3) Holes for turned bolts: Drilling:

Accurate match

Tight fit Oiling before tightening bolts

(4) Rivets:

Driving heat

Heads:

Concentric

Tight fit (5) Nuts on bolts: Tight full grip

Locking

(d) Surfaces not accessible after erection

(1) Painting

(e) Milled surfaces in contact

(1) Oiling

(f) Grout for pedestals

(1) Stiffness

(2) Ramming under bearings

(g) Cuts in steel work for passage of pipes and conduits

(1) Location (only where authorized)

3. Prefabricated Units

(a) Sheet steel or shapes for joists, studs, panels

(1) Installation:

Conformance with manufacturer's in- structions

(2) Corrosion protection

(b) Prior to field painting

(1) Cleaning

(c) Field painting

(1) Shop-coat abrasions:

Touching up

(2) Each coat: Full coverage
APPENDIX E — CARPENTRY

1. Materials for Framing

(a) Lumber

(1) Species

(2) Grade:

I Certificate of inspection

I (3) Preservatives for protection from:

Moisture

I Termites

(b) Shims

(1) Unshrinkable material:

Metal

Slate

Cement

Grout

II (c) Building paper

' (1) Weight

(2) Impregnation

(3) Sizing

2. Lumber

(a) Protection from

(1) Moisture damage

(b) Exposed members to be painted

(1) Prior to or immediately after delivery:

Priming

3. Framing

(a) Sills and wall plates

(1) Anchoring

(2) Leveling

(3) Spiking

(4) Bolting to bearing plates

65
66 Field Inspectors' Chech List

3. Framing—Continued

(b) Posts and studs

(1) Plumb

(2) Square

(c) Girders

(1) Size (for strength)

(2) Supports:

Load

Level bearing

(d) Built-up members

(1) Spiking

(2) Bolting

(3) Joints:

Spacing (only over supports;

(e) Joists and rafters

(1) Joists:

Span

Spacing (for stiffness)

Setting (with crown up)

Top (for level; adjustments by trimming at bottom)

Splicing (only over supports)

(2) Porch joists:

Pitch

(3) Rafters:

. Accurate fit Splicing to: Plates

Ridges

(4) Hip and valley rafters: Mitered fit (head and toe)

(f) Bridging

(1) Nailing (prior to applying lath):

Lower ends loose (until subfloor in position)

Secure

(g) Fire stops

(1) Installation:

At each floor level Tight fit
Appendix E—Carpentry 67

3. Framing—Continued

(h) Joints in double plates

(1) Staggering

(i) Door and window frames

(1) Plumb

(2) Blocking

(3) Fastening or anchoring

(4) Staff beads:

Ease of removal for calking

4. Sheathing

(a) Wall

(1) Joints:

Tight

Spacing of end joints

(2) Nailing

(3) Extension over:

Sill Plates

(b) Subflloor and roof

(1) Joints:

Tight

Centered over joists, rafters, and other

supports

(2) Prevention of buckling

(3) Nailing

(c) Paper over subflooriiig and sheathing

(1) Condition

(2) Lapping

(3) Tacking

(4) Fit (around openings)

(d) Underfloor spaces (no basement)

(1) Ventilation

5. Siding

(a) Workmanship

(1) Square end cuts

(2) Tight fit against:

Corner boards

Doors

Wmdow casings
68 Field Inspectors'' Check List

5. Siding—Continued

(a) Workmanship—Continued

(3) Snug fit (to properly shed water) over: Drip caps

Water tables

Sills (4) Blocked out to drip (if no water table)

(5) Nailing:

Near ends

Slanted

Set for putty

(6) Miters

(7) Exterior edges:

Tight fit
BUILDING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES REPORTS

On request, the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing

OflBce, Washington, D. C, will place your name on a special mailing list to re- ceive notices of new reports in this series as soon as they are issued. There will be no charge for receiving such notices. An alternative method is to deposit with the Superintendent of Documents the sum of $5, with the request that the reports be sent to you as soon as issued, and

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If 100 copies or more of any report are ordered at one time, a discount of 25 per- cent is allowed. Send all orders and remittances to the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Oovernment Printing Office, Washington, D. C.

The following publications in this series are available by purchase from the Superintendent

of Documents at the prices indicated: BMSl Research on Building Materials and Structures for Use in Low-Cost Housing. 10^ BMS2 Methods of Determining the Structural Properties of Low-Cost House Constructions - 10^ BMS3 Suitability of Fiber Insulating Lath as a Plaster Base 10(6 BMS4 Accelerated Aging of Fiber Building Boards 10)6 BMS5 Structural Properties of Six Masonry Wall Constructions IsjS BMS6 Survey of Roofing Materials in the Southeastern States. lS)i BMS7 Water Permeability of Masonry Walls.. 10(i BMS8 Methods of Investigation of Surface Treatment for Corrosion Protection of

Steel m

BMS9 Structural Properties of the Insulated Steel Construction Co.'s "FramelessSteel" Constructions for Walls, Partitions, Floors, and Roofs. 10^ BMSIO Structural Properties of One of the "Keystone Beam Steel Floor" Constructions Sponsored by the H. H. Robertson Co 10^ BMSll Structural Properties of the Curren Fabrihome Corporation's "Fabrihome"

Constructions for Walls and Partitions lOt BMS12 Structural Properties of "Steelox" Constructions for Walls, Partitions, Floors, and Roofs Sponsored by Steel Buildings, Inc 15^ BMS13 Properties of Some Fiber Building Boards of Current Manufacture lOiS BMS14 Indentation and Recovery of Low-Cost Floor Coverings lOji BMS15 Structural Properties of "Wheeling Long-Span Steel Floor" Construction Sponsored by the Wheeling Corrugating Co 10^ BMS16 Structural Properties of a "Tileorete" Floor Construction Sponsored by Tilecrete Floors, Inc 10»i BMS17 Sound Insulation of Wall and Floor Constructions lois Supplement to BMS17. 5)S BMS18 Structural Properties of "Pre-Fab" Constructions for Walls, Partitions, and

Floors Sponsored by the Harnischfeger Corporation lOjS BMS19 Preparation and Revision of Building Codes 15|5 BMS20 Structural Properties of "Twachtman" Constructions for Walls and Floors Sponsored by Connecticut Pre-Cast Buildings Corporation 10^ BMS21 Structural Properties of a Concrete-Block Cavity-Wall Construction Sponsored by the National Concrete Masonry Association 10^ BMS22 Structural Properties of "Dun-Ti-Stone" Wall Construction Sponsored by the W. E. Dunn Manufacturing Co... lOfS BMS23 Structural Properties of a Brick Cavity-Wall Construction Sponsored by the Brick Manufacturers Association of New York, Inc 10^ BMS24 Structural Properties of a Reinforced-Brick Wall Construction and a Brick-Tile Cavity-Wall Construction Sponsored by the Structural Clay Products Insti- tute. 10^ BMS25 Structural Properties of Conventional Wood-Frame Constructions for Walls,

Partitions, Floors, and Roofs. I5i BMS26 Structural Properties of "Nelson Pre-Cast Concrete Foundation" Wall Construction Sponsored by the Nelson Cement Stone Co., Inc 10^

[List continued on next page]
BUILDING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES REPORTS

[Continued from preceding page] BMS27 Structural Properties of "Bender Steel Home" Wall Construction Sponsored by The Bender Body Co 10^ BMS28 Backflow Prevention in Over-Rim Water Supplies lOjS BMS29 Survey of Roofing Materials in the Northeastern States. __ loi BMS30 Structural Properties of a Wood-Frame Wall Construction Sponsored by the Douglas Fir Plywood Association 10^ BMS31 Structural Properties of "Insulite" Wall and "Insulite" Partition Constructions Sponsored by The Insulite Co_ ist BMS32 Structural Properties of Two Brick-Concrete-Block Wall Constructions and a Concrete-Block Wall Construction Sponsored by the National Concrete Masonry Association... 100 BMS33 Plastic Calking Materials.. 100 BMS34 Performance Test of Floor Coverings for Use in Low-Cost Housing: Part 1 10(t BMS35 Stability of Sheathing Papers as Determined by Accelerated Aging 100 BMS36 Structural Properties of Wood-Frame Wall, Partition, Floor, and Roof Constructions With "Red Stripe" Lath Sponsored by The Weston Paper and Manufacturing Co 100 BMS37 Structural Properties of "Palisade Homes" Constructions for Walls, Partitions, and Floors Sponsored by Palisade Homes ._ 100 BMS38 Structural Properties of Two "Dunstone" Wall Constructions Sponsored by

the W. E. Dunn Manufacturing Co._. 100 BMS39 Structural Properties of a Wall Construction of "Pfeifer Units" Sponsored by

the Wisconsin Units Co 100 BMS40 Structural Properties of a Wall Construction of "Knap Concrete Wall Units"

Sponsored by Knap America Inc 100 BMS41 Eflect of Heating and Cooling on the Permeability of Masonry Walls 100 BMS42 Structural Properties of Wood-Frame Wall and Partition Constructions With

"Celotex" Insulating Boards Sponsored by The Celotex Corporation 150 BMS43 Performance Test of Floor Coverings for Use in Low-Cost Housing: Part 2 100 BMS44 Surface Treatment of Steel Prior to Painting... 100 BMS45 Air Infiltration Through Windows 100 BMS46 Structural Properties of "Scot-Bilt" Prefabricated Sheet-Steel Constructions for Walls, Floors, and Roofs Sponsored by The Globe-Wernicke Co 100 BMS47 Structural Properties of Prefabricated Wood-Frame Constructions for Walls,

Partitions, and Floors Sponsored by American Houses, Inc- 100 BMS48 Structural Properties of "Precision-Built" Frame Wall and Partition Constructions Sponsored by the Homasote Co 106 BMS49 Metallic Roofing for Low-Cost House Construction.. 100 BMS50 Stability of Fiber Building Boards as Determined by Accelerated Aging 100 BMS51 Structural Properties of "Tilecrete Type A" Floor Construction Sponsored by

the Tilecrete Co _ 100 BMS52 Effect of Ceiling Insulation Upon Summer Comfort 100 BMS53 Structural Properties of a Masonry Wall Construction of "Munlock Dry Wall

Brick" Sponsored by the Munlock Engineering Co 100 BMS54 Effect of Soot on the Rating of an Oil-Fired Heating Boiler 100 BMS55 Effects of Wetting and Drying on the Permeability of Masonry Walls 100 BMS56 A Survey of Humidities in Residences 100 BMS57 Roofing in the United States—Results of a Questionnaire. 100 BMS58 Strength of Soft-Soldered Joints in Copper Tubing 100 BMS59 Properties of Adhesives for Floor Coverings 100 BMS60 Strength, .Absorption, and Resistance to Laboratory Freezing and Thawing of Building Bricks Produced in the United States 150 BMS61 Structural Properties of Two Nonreinforced Monolithic Concrete Wall Constructions 100 BMS62 Structural Properties of a Precast Joist Concrete Floor Construction Sponsored by the Portland Cement Association 100 BMS63 Moisture Condensation in Building Walls.. 100 BMS64 Solar Heating of Various Surfaces 100 BMS65 Methods of Estimating Loads in Plumbing Systems 100 BMS66 Plumbing Manual 200 BMS67 Structural Properties of "Mu-Steel" Prefabricated Sheet-Steel Constructions

for Walls, Partitions, Floors, and Roofs Sponsored by Herman A. Mugler... 150 BMS68 Performance Test of Floor Coverings for Use in Low-Cost Housing: Part 3 150

[List continued on next page]
BUILDING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES REPORTS

[Continued from preceding page] BMS69 Stability of Fiber Sheathing Boards as Determined by Accelerated Aging 100 BMS70 Asphalt-Prepared Roll Roofings and Shingles Ibi BMS71 Fire Tests of Wood- and Metal-Framed Partitions 20^ BMS72 Structural Properties of "Precision-Built, Jr." Prefabricated Wood-Frame Wall

Construction Sponsored by the Homasote Co Wi

BMS73 Indentation Characteristics of Floor Coverings- _.. 100 BMS74 Structural and Heat-Transfer Properties of "U.S.S. Panelbilt" Prefabricated

Sheet-Steel Constructions for Walls, Partitions, and Roofs Sponsored by the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Cq-. 160 BMS75 Survey of Roofing Materials in the North Central States 150 BMS76 Effect of Outdoor Exposure on the Water Permeability of Masonry Walls 150 BMS77 Properties and Performance of Fiber Tile Boards.-. 100 BMS78 Structural, Heat-Transfer, and Water-Permeability Properties of Five Earth- Wall Constructions 200 BMS79 Water-Distributing Systems for Buildings 150 BMS80 Performance Test of Floor Coverings for Low-Cost Housing: Part 4 200 BMS81 Field Inspectors' Check List for Building Construction 200 o
1I I