Longhorned Tick: Information for Livestock and Pet Owners 

The longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) is native to to eastern China, Japan, the Russian 

Far East, and Korea. It is an introduced/established exotic species in Australia/New Zealand and 

several island nations in the western Pacific Region. It can be a serious pest of livestock in these 

areas. In late 2017, the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Veterinary Services 

Laboratories (NSVL) confirmed the presence of the longhorned tick in the United States. 

Longhorned ticks are light brown in color and the adult female grows to the size of a pea when it 

is full of blood. Males are rare. Other stages of the tick are very small, about the size of a sesame 

seed or even smaller.

After the initial finding in New Jersey in 2017, animal health officials began examining how and 

when the tick arrived in the United States. As part of these efforts, they reexamined tick samples 

from past years and confirmed a longhorned tick from a sample collected in West Virginia in 

2010. The tick has been confirmed in the following states: Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, 

Kentucky, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, 

and West Virginia. They have been found infesting a number of hosts including sheep, goats, 

dogs, cats, horses, cattle, chickens, foxes (red and gray), coyotes, groundhogs, skunks, whitetailed deer, elk, opossums, raccoons, Canada geese, red-tailed hawks, and humans. 

The widespread establishment of a new tick species in the United States is rare. It remains 

unknown how the longhorned tick first entered the country. Some possible routes of entry include 

entering on domestic pets, horses, livestock or humans. The longhorned tick can reproduce 

without a male. A single tick can create a population in a new location. 

Impact of Longhorned Ticks 

USDA and state animal health officials are concerned about the longhorned tick’s impact on 

livestock. These ticks frequently form large infestations on warm-blooded host animals. 

This causes great stress on the animal, reducing its growth and production. A severe 

infestation can kill the animal due to blood loss. 

While there have been no reports in the United States, the longhorned tick is known to 

transmit the agents of certain livestock and human diseases in other countries including: 

anaplasmosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, theileriosis and rickettsiosis, as well as several viruses.

Protecting Livestock & Pets 

Regular tick treatments and prevention measures for livestock and pets should be effective 

against the longhorned tick. Animal owners (both pet and livestock owners) should consult their 

veterinarian regarding which tick prevention products to use on their animals. 

Animal and Plant 

Health Inspection 

Service 

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Livestock owners should use tick prevention practices on their feedlots and pastures, such as 

keeping grass and weeds trimmed and clearing away brush.

Removing a Tick Safely 

If you find a tick attached to an animal or a person, you should remove it immediately. Use 

fine-tipped tweezers if at all possible. If they are not available, improvise by shielding your 

fingers with tissue paper, a foil-covered gum wrapper, or plastic sandwich bag. 

Grasp the tick as close to the skin as possible, pulling upward with steady, even pressure. Do 

not twist the tick as you remove it – this may cause the tick’s mouthparts to remain in the 

skin, which increases the risk of infection. Do not try to suffocate the tick with alcoholsoaked cotton – this will cause the tick to regurgitate while its mouthparts are still in the skin, 

which also increases the risk of infection. Do not use hot match heads or petroleum jelly for 

tick removal. 

After removing the tick, wash the affected area with soap and water. Then disinfect the bite 

with a topical antiseptic. 

Put the tick in a zip-top bag and seal it closed. Give the bagged tick to your veterinarian or 

doctor for examination. 

For More Information 

For human health and tick information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 

visit https://www.cdc.gov/features/stopticks/index.html. 

You may also contact the APHIS Cattle Health Center at 

VS.SPRS.CattleHealthCenter@aphis.usda.gov or visit these partner websites:

https://www.cdc.gov/ticks/index.html 

https://njaes.rutgers.edu/tick/ 

http://tickapp.tamu.edu/tickbiteprevention.html