-. . , . , I*- -, .q -N L.f>%T'PPP OF RUT;= FOR 

### 1 FINAI,

### c.~r?-.n0%

### ~rrrzs;.ri,n~2 THE DISQUhL,".FICAI"ICiN AN6 

### I 

# - wISQUz&IF;CATIOI.J



### - Ap;D::
.,..,. -5 ‘~UBST~TUTLON OF 

### JUDGES ) SU~ST~~~T~')~~C" JUE&~ "^
Ct CS



# - ,!,r an erd:>r date2 ,Tu!'I 2% 1987,we established 

### rules



### . .* for the 6isq~alificatic.n 

### an2. ~:ihsti-lii"i~nofj~dges io clv;i



### ..

## . 3rd criminal cases, 

### The ru:.es had 

### an effectl--.7e8ate 

### of September 1, 1987, 

### In o?urorder 

### we provided Fo.r cortml-ients, :-vi.tinq ai-tsrnevs, ir;i",ges and other interestei.:parties to .-

### .



## - submitcommentson 

### the rules 

### h- Decenber 

### 1, 19t?7. We he cccsi,dereiithe co~mentsthat have beer1 

### maze# and where justified, have amended the 

### rules as attaches
The Code Coms/',esi,o~er for 'Montana Code Annotate6 has setfort5 tke rules as the- 

### were prcm~Lgiltedby us 01: *July 29, 1387, Zesignatlnq the rules as s"r:-l-803, 

### 3-I-8O4 and 

# -7 3--1-g05,~CA. RE 4ra~vea2c;p';ed those J 

### ir the 

### final 

### form cf the 

### rules, Fcr the benefit 

### sf those parties appearing and 

### making 

### ~. cn~m.erits,we zdd hereto 

### cur reesoes for disposit~.os: 

### Fee for Substitutioc 

### of a Judge
+. 

### The rules 5n their ~xnal form reflect thzt there isa ::Lln(: Fee oi $109 for a motion to e-uhstitutea 

### 'udqe. 

### This is iz acccrci2 with $ .?.5-'-20i.(?) which designates the fees to be collected 

### by the clerk oS

### the district court. The 

### earlier fori. of 

### ou:: r-rrlesseemcc?

### to require the payrnert of such 

### a fee



### . , incr:mlna: cases, azd 

### in caseswhere a judge 

### is disc;ua!ifie," * EOT 

### cause. Si?ce 

### 5 ?5-2.-.201 

### (pi ?ro-.vi.des a Fee 

### only formotions for substitutionof judges,

### we have aeen6ed the rules accordingly,



### . 5e~ara.j~ of parties ri,:i;i-.in$: ccm-menerslti? respec;t to the fee objected to its am~unt, that 

### it ha2 

### an impact 

### upor



## .. 

## - ' poor cilents, constituted a salc 

### of justice,acc *,vroLatedthe separation of 

### powers between the Ieqisiature and the judiciarv.
- However the fixing 0.5 court fees 

### is a matter for the Ifqislature. 

### It is in the Leaislatuse thzt obiectiirs mu$& 

### find their remedy. We will note 

### other comments by 

### reference to the rule as numbered 

### in the !.:ontai-a CodeAnnotated::
2-1-863. Disaualificatinc 3: judges. 

### - *, 

## - ' ime he-se arncnsed this rule to state 

### that if appiles 

### to a.il courts in Montana except a court 

### of impeachment 

### in the state senate. 

### The earlier version

### nay have keen construed to



### . 

## . omit certainmualclpal 

### or citycourt julges.



### .

## - We 

### have itirther prox~ioed that a judge is disqualified 

# ~- 3 Ir 

### ne is rel;l"ced to 

### an attorne:. 

### of record for a 

### party by ccnsanpuirity or affinity within the 

### fourth degree of kjxdred. 

### The rule formerlyprcvided 

### for any reiationship to

-, a party within the sixth degree, but this court 

### has considered that degree too renete.

r- i?e c3..-&kny L~~~-~~~- ameni?edsubsectior 3 

### of ti-j~s 

### rule to pro~.ric:.e that no fil2g.e

### may sit on appeal

. 

### in a czae where he 

### cr she rendered the 

### judgment or order 

### zppealed from.
3-1-809, Substitution of district judges. 

### This rule

### was amecde? tomake it 

### clear that itdoes not incl~zewater 

### court fudges, nor workers' 

### compensation judge*In subsection I(&) we clarified ?)-;at i; subs:itcte2~ judge has power to decide Legal issues in the case after hj-s substitl;"_tonand tbut he a ztterd 01,to r~--+:~*- %ALA,a= matters thereafter 

### in e cause, We eliminated 

### any participation by a substituted judge in amnlhus hearings 

### in criminal cases. 

### In cornectkoa 

### with subsection i(c) WE- "-*a A:=-. v-~ei~*p~J A <*- -. -.A ccrnents thatwe shni*id

### make pro-~isioos ?or subsiitution if a new judge assumes jurisdiction because of t5e internal opezating rules 

### of a wiilti-judge court. That problem hae 

### been taken care of in the a~~erdment hereto. Fcrther 

### with respect to sizbseetior 

### Iic) at the 

### suggestion of 

### one district judge, 

### an2 same other observers, we crcwided a right of one s~xbstituti~on to 

### one third-part:?



### . . defendant who is 

### not a.3 orlqlnal pzrt:; in 

### an;[ perding cace. The former rulenade no 

### such provision,



### .

## -. Subsection Ild) was amended to make it speclrzc that nc firfee is re 

### by i8.w 

### ir criminal cases 

### for the substitutioncf jndges.

, 

### - In subsection lie?

### ve provii';ed 

### that the -13dai.
,~ .. for whiii* '' subs.titution is sought 

### has ?urrsdicticn 

### to determine 

### the

L. -1rne1,iness of a motion

### for substitution, Several coininmentsbrcugh-to our attnnticn that though -" 

### we had eariler pro-zided for a

### mnticn 

### for s7xbstitution 

### after

### a new ",rial had been crdered by tie dlLsitri.ct court 

### or on appeal, we ha.d not re for those cases 

### where aitrr 

### appeai. a surrmary judgment 

### cr 133smissal is reversed 

### nmodified aid the cause remanded 

### to district court fcr further proceedings in the same cailsi-1. Siibsecticn lig) has heen 

### .-- amended to take care of that problem, We ha~re

### also prociced that ipcriminal czses,nc substitutionarises

### when the cause is remanded for resentenci-9.

### *. 3-1-805. Disqualir;cation forcause. The first paragraph 

### of this section

### was amended to show

C aLt 

### -P-ecticn

--, 

### 1(a) was amended to eliminate 

### any require~entfor tb.e 

### payment of a fillcg fee for a motion to disqualify a judge for 

### caase. Appreciation 

### The Supreme Court hereblr expresses 

### its appreciation to those persons ?i!ing comeilts in respect to these ru.lss, The comments gave 

### us further reason 

### for close s+zuc",yan2 intense consideration. Even though not 

### aLI of t?~esuguesticns 

### or objections raised 

### in the 

### commentswere acceded to 

### 5.; us they ne~,*estheless gave us reason to consider 

### the Sirection 

### znd force thatssliouid be actsoreed 

### to these important 

### rules arid their

### practical application in thepractice 

### of Law. ACCORDINGLY, IT IS HEREBYORDERED:

m 

### 1, final 

### form of 

### the rurlespromulgakend 

### by this court for the disqurLificatio;; and substitution of 

### jiidgec shallhe 

### as attached hereto and set 

### forth therein, 2. The effective date of 

### said rules shall continue 

### to be 

### September 

### I, 1987, 3, The Cierk of L-l_s Courtisdirected 

### to mail 

### copies ofthese rules to the 

### following:
Cm iheCede Corm.issioner

### of the State ofMontaaaa; r)ist-iet Court Judces 

### ofthe takeof

### Fcntaoa; Clerks of the District Courts of the State of Pflontana; United States District 

### Court Judges of: the State 

### of CSontaca; president Executi-.re Eirector 05 the State Ear 

### of Montana:P-~cjd-nt -A 5,nd E~eeutF~re Director 

### cf i.l--taria Trial Lawers

. Association; West Publisi:ing Cnmp;lr,y, it' a request 

### "ha: it 

### hi 

### - ~ pxbiished 

### in the Pacit~c 

### Reporter;

r. axate Reporter, with a request that it be 

### published 

### in the StateRepcrter. -. I)P.TED 

### this

# &? day of September, 1999.3-3-RO'31 Disqualification of

### Judoes

## -- z.II courts. 

# - -- -- --- - DZS(?!JAI,IFICATIOQ)?OF JUDGE n?' 

### &n?~s
, 

### sectior, shall, in 

### its a~pl.ication,

### apply to 

### a?.?; courts listed ir, 

### section 3-1-101 

### except a 

### ccurt of impeachment in

### the state senate.

, 

### . Any justice, judqe, 

### justice of the Dsace, 

### mnnlclpal court judge 

### or city court judge 

### must not sit 

### or act 

### in any actionorpr~ceedip-g: 2. To which 

### he is a 

### party, 

### or in 

### which 

### he is interested.

? 

## . When 

### he is related to e?lther

### party or any 

### attor:'ey or member of 

### a firm 

### of attorneys 

### of record 

### For 

### a party b:~ according to the 

### rules of law; 2, When 

### he hzs been 

### attorney or counsel 

### in 

### the a.ctic;n 

## - or oroceedfng 

### for any party or 

### when sitting ir 

### a case on 

### appeal he as a 

### judge in

### the Lower 

### ccart rendered ormade 

### the indgment,order,

### or 

### decision appealed from,



### . , 2-1-BF4. 

### Substitutionofdistrict 

## - S, 

### - SUBSTTTIJTLON 

### OF DISTRICTJCCGES rn* 4, elrijn islirnkted 

### in izs aaplication 6.0 ;?isstrict 

## - -



### . 

## . co-jrts 

### an6 >udyss presi.iiinq therein: i,t 6oes rat rnciude d-istrictcourt judges 

### or other Llu6ges sitting is a water 

### cccrt judqe, ., 

### rnr a 

### \*?orkersZ CnmpensatiocCourt judge, 1, A notion 

### for substitutionof a 

### district 5udge 

### may be xade 

### by awJvparty to a 

### proceeciinq only 

### in the 

### manrer set

-< ~ 

### .- frthherein. in s CIVIL 

### or criminal case, e-lch edversepart'^,

. inc.I~~(?J_rrg 

### the state, 

### is -3t.lfll-dkc: r;pe of a 

### district +uda~.
~~ A

## - (a) A aotion 

### for substit3.1tionofa district judge aha1.L be 

### made by 

### Filin~~ 2 

### written 

### motion 

### wi" the 

### clerk, as foL1.?wc: "The 

### urdersigced hereby 

### moves 

### for substitution of District Judge I- iil 

### - ili~s cause*

### '" A 

### copy of 

### themotion 

### shallbe 

### servedupon allparties to 

### the proceeding and 

### the clerk shall irmediate1)- 

### notify the judge. After 

### a timelymotion 

### has 

### Seen filed,

### the substituted judge 

### shall have no 

### power to act 

### on 

### the 

### merits of the cause or 

### to decide 

### legal issues therein, and 

### shall call in 

### another judge. 

### However,

### a resident

### district judgewho has 

### previous? -Y 

### been substftuted fromthe 

### case

### may agree to 

### set the calendar, draw a 

### jury, cor.i?cct 

### aLI 

### routine matters includinq



## . ~ 

### arraignments, preliminarv pretrial 

### conferences 

### in cxv11 cases,

### and ether

### Ratterswhich do notgo 

### to themerits of the 

### case, if the 

### judge 

### La jurisdiction authorizes the same. 

### (hi The 

### first district judge 

### who has been substituted -* ~ or 

### disq~alifieii

### for cause shall 

### have the 

### duty 

### of alirng 

### in ail

### subsequent district judges. It shall be 

### the duty of the 

### clerk of 

### court to 

### stamp the 

### name 

### of the judge 

### to which 

### the case is 

### assigned on the face 

### of the initial 

### pleading, camplaint,

### order to show cause, or informationand 

### all copies 

### thereof. 

### (c) When 2 

### j~dge

### is assiped to 

### a 

### cause =or (20) cc3secuti-o 

### days 

### after service of summons, 

### or te? (10)days 

### after serviceof an 

### order to 

### show cause, 

### information or 

### other initiating docnnent, and 

### no notion for 

### substitution of judge has heea 

### filed with said 

### time Fer-od, 

### the riqht 

### to move 

### fcr 

### - s&stitl;i--on 

### 04- a judge 

### shall be deemed 

### wzived. If 

### the presiding judge 

### removes himself or 

### herself, 

### or a new 

### judge ass~mcsjurisdiction of the 

### cause 

### by virt~e of the 

### ir!terxaloperatingrules of a

### multi-juege csurt, the r-Jght

### to nave for ~cbstitutiorrof a judge is reinstated, unless i-avli,ng heen previously used 

### in the 

### cause by the moving 

### party, arid the



### . ~ 

## - me periods shall 

### run a~e-w. After the time period sh;ll



### . , 

### -. have run as t.c: 

### the origr,naiparties to the proceedlrg, no party who is ioined or intervenes thereafter shall ha-ve any 

### - '~ rlgnt of substitutioc, except that one third 

### party defendant



## . ' who 

### is not an or;glnal 

### party in 

### any pending cese 

### may 

### have a right of one substitiition igithin twenty (20) days a%ee tk!e service upon the ti party defenclart of a 

### third party complaint. id) 

### The motion for substitutior shall not be effective

.= 

### Lor

### any purpose unless 

### a filing lee is paid 

### tc the clerk 

### of the *.istrier court inthe amount set 

### by law, No 

### filing fee 

### is rewired

### by law in criminal cases. ief A?:? 

### motion .for substitution 

### which is not 

### timely file2 is voiz 

### for ail purposes. The jadge 

### for whoin e~bstitutionis eouglit shii?,l. have junisdictien ts determine tiaeliness, 

### and if the motion for substitutioc is nrAtime:y, shall make 

### an order

### declaring themotion void, (5) he a new jjdg4n 

### has accepted juris&iction, the clerk of cour.t shi;lT 

### mail 

### a copy 

### of the asslrmption of jurisdiction 40 the original judge and to each attorney 

### or 

### party 

### of record. ~h~ C~~.C.: a c:

## - of sersvice sb a 77 be attached to the assunptir of gurisdicticjn form i.n the court file.(0)When a new trial 

### is orderes.

### kb;rthe dLstrict oourC 

## - I each adverse partq 

### shall therev~pon be entitled to one 

### xotion 

### for substitu"-,on of judge 

### in the manner pee herein. 

### When on 

### appeal the judgm~ector 

### -rder "A appealed 

### froa is 

## ". reversed or modified and the cause is re?&a?aea

### to the districtcourt 

### for a ilea; trial,orwhen a 

### summary judqrner~i: 

### or 

### *. jciigment 

### of ersnics~l.is 

### reversed 

### an6. the cause remanded,each adverse part11 shall thereu~oc 

### he entitled to one motion for substitutian of 7udge in 

### the 

### manner 

### provided hcrein~



## .. S;<:h 

### aotion rr,-;st be filc?d, with the recr.;jred d fiilng fee in

~, civai chsesrwithin 

### twenty (20) days after a 

### new trial has beeE ordered 

### by the district court or after 

### the remik_dtitur 

### -. from the S~lprcjme

### Court has been 

### filed with the -?.strict 

### court, 

### Mo other right of "rther substitutio:~

### shall 

### arise 

### ir

T cases renansed 

### by the supreme court. ~rcrimfral cases, 

### no 

### further rig3t of substitution sha.11 

### arise when the cause 

### is remanded for resen-tencing 

## . 3-1-805. Disqualification for cause. 

### - 

## -- ~~SQrj~~,;~lCATZli? FOR CAUSE

7. This section is limit& 

### in its ap~~ication tc j~dges presicjirrg i district courts, justice of 

### the peace courts, 

## -- municipal courts, smar~ claims ccurts,and city courts. 

### - ~ 

### 1. W'tene:wrer a 

### party to any proceeding 

### in any ool~rt

-. sha.1l r1l.e ar; affiearrit al?-egirgfacts 

### showing personal 

### bias



### . * or prejudice 

### of 

### thepresiding judge,such 

### :uage shallproceed no further 

### in the cause, Lf the affida-:it 

### is filed egainst a district ju&ge, the matter shall be referred to the 

### Montana 

### Supreme Court:, whereupon 

### the Chief Justice shall assigr. 

### a district 

### judge to hear "he matter. 

### If the 

### affidavit is 

### filed against a judge 

### of a r.unicipa1court, 

### justice ccurt, or city court, 

### any district 

### judge presiding in 

### the district OF the 

### court involved may 

### appoint either a fust-ce

### of the 

### pss~ce,

### a



### . - municipal jrldq-e or a city court ~uage,to 

### hear any 

### such pr~ceeding , (a) ?.he affic'lavif 

### for diqualificition must be filed nore 

### tknn thirty (30)days

### before the date set 

### for hearing or &.*:

### -- iL&el. (b) 

### The ~Pfidavit shall be accompanied 

### by a certificate
.-

### -. of counsel of

### recard +-hat

### the azrrdavit

### has been made 

### in 

### good

### - ' faith. Ac ;:fzdsvit 

### will be deernod not 

### to 

### have been mdde qosd 

### faith 

### if it isbzsed 

### soiely on rulizgs in the case made ' 

## - by the cha.l-ienged

### juage and frcn

### which 

### an appeal could 

### have Seen 

### taken. [c) Any 

### affidavitwhich 45 not 

### inproper form and Which dces not 

### allege 

### showingpersonal bias or 

### prejudice naybe set aside as void. id1 

### The j 

### u6ge appointee? 

### to preside at a 

### *. ' aisquailfication proceeding 

### may assess attorneys fees, costs 

### and damages 

### against any 

### party or 

### his attorney who 

### files 

### such disyualj.fica"_ion without rejgorlabie cause and thereby 

### hinders, delays 

### or takes urconscionzble 

### ad-vantage 

### of any 

### otherparty, or the court.