Appendix B

Species and Habitats of

Management Concern

■ Bird Species

■ Rare Botanical Species

■ Rare Plant Community Types

Roseate tern

USFWS photo
Appendix B – Species and Habitats of Management Concern

B-2 Petit Manan National Wildlife Refuge Complex

Bird Species 

Species 

E&T 

Species 

ME / 

USFWS1

Migratory 

Nongame 

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern2

>20% of 

population in 

northeast3

International 

Shorebird 

Survey 

Report4

Waterfowl 

Population 

Status 

Report5

Maine 

Special 

Concern6

Species 

of 

Conservation 

Concern 

to Northeast7

 

Partners 

 In 

Flight8

Important 

Neotropical 

Migratory 

Bird 

species 

in Maine9

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern 

on 

Refuge 

Complex 

lands10

Common Loon x 

Pied-billed 

Grebe 

x 

Leach=s Storm 

Petrel C

x x 

Great 

Cormorant C

x x 

American 

Bittern C

x x 

Least Bittern x x 

Black Crown 

Night HeronC

x x 

Canada Goose x 

American Black 

Duck C

x x x 

Northern Pintail x 

Greater Scaup x 

Lesser Scaup x 

Harlequin Duck x x 

Surf Scoter x 

Black Scoter x 

White wing 

Scoter 

x 

Barrow=s 

Goldeneye 

x x 

Bald Eagle C x x 

Golden Eagle x x 

Northern 

Harrier C

x x 

Cooper=s Hawk x 
Bird Species

 Draft CCP/EIS - April, 2004 B-3

Bird Species (Cont’d.)

Species 

E&T 

Species 

ME / 

USFWS1

Migratory 

Nongame 

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern2

>20% of 

population in 

northeast3

International 

Shorebird 

Survey 

Report4

Waterfowl 

Population 

Status 

Report5

Maine 

Special 

Concern6

Species 

of 

Conservation 

Concern 

to Northeast7

Partners 

 In 

Flight8

Important 

Neotropical 

Migratory 

Bird 

species 

in Maine9

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern 

on 

Refuge 

Complex 

lands10

Northern 

Goshawk C

x x 

Redshouldered 

Hawk 

x 

Peregrine 

Falcon 

x 

Spruce 

GrouseC

x 

American Coot x 

Blk Bellied 

Plover 

x 

Piping Plover x x 

Killdeer C x 

Upland 

Sandpiper 

x x x x 

Red Knot x x 

Sanderling x 

Semipalmated 

Sandpiper 

x 

Least 

Sandpiper 

x 

Purple 

Sandpiper 

x 

Short-billed 

Dowitcher 

x 

Common Snipe x 

American 

Woodcock C

x x x 

Red-necked 

Phalarope 

x 

Laughing Gull C x x 

Roseate Tern C x x 

Common TernC x x x x 

Arctic Tern C x x 
Appendix B – Species and Habitats of Management Concern

B-4 Petit Manan National Wildlife Refuge Complex

Bird Species (Cont’d.)

Species 

E&T 

Species 

ME / 

USFWS1

Migratory 

Nongame 

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern2

>20% of 

population in 

northeast3

International 

Shorebird 

Survey 

Report4

Waterfowl 

Population 

Status 

Report5

Maine 

Special 

Concern6

Species 

of 

Conservation 

Concern 

to Northeast7

Partners 

 In 

Flight8

Important 

Neotropical 

Migratory 

Bird 

species 

in Maine9

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern 

on 

Refuge 

Complex 

lands10

Least Tern x x 

Black Tern x x x 

Atlantic Puffin C x x 

Razorbill C x x 

Short-eared 

Owl 

x x x 

Whip-poor-willC x x 

Red-headed 

Woodpecker 

x 

Yellow-bellied 

Sapsucker 

x 

Northern 

Flicker C

x 

Olive-sided 

Flycatcher C

x x x 

Eastern WoodPewee C

x 

Eastern 

Phoebe C

x 

Yellow-bellied 

Sapsucker 

x 

Loggerhead 

Shrike 

x x 

Yellow-throated 

Vireo 

x 

Veery x x x x 

Wood Thrush x x x 

Gray Catbird C x 

American Pipit x 

Blue-winged 

Warbler 

x x 

Northern 

Parula C

x x 

Chestnut-sided 

Warbler C

x x x 
Bird Species

 Draft CCP/EIS - April, 2004 B-5

Bird Species (Cont’d.)

Species 

E&T 

Species 

ME / 

USFWS1

Migratory 

Nongame 

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern2

>20% of 

population in 

northeast3

International 

Shorebird 

Survey 

Report4

Waterfowl 

Population 

Status 

Report5

Maine 

Special 

Concern6

Species 

of 

Conservation 

Concern 

to Northeast7

Partners 

 In 

Flight8

Important 

Neotropical 

Migratory 

Bird 

species 

in Maine9

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern 

on 

Refuge 

Complex 

lands10

Cape May 

Warbler C

x 

Blk-throated 

Blue Warbler 

x x x 

Blackburnian 

Warbler C

x x x 

Bay-breasted 

Warbler C

x 

Blk and Wht 

Warbler C

x 

American 

Redstart C

x 

Worm eating 

Warbler 

x x 

Ovenbird C x 

Canada 

Warbler C

x x x 

Scarlet 

Tanager 

x 

Field Sparrow x 

Vesper 

Sparrow 

x 

Grasshopper 

Sparrow 

x x 

Sharp-tailed 

Sparrow C

x x 

Rose-breasted 

Grosbeak 

x 

Bobolink C x x 

Eastern 

Meadowlark 

x x x 

Rusty Blackbird x 

Orchard Oriole x 

Red Crossbill x 

Herring Gull C x 
Appendix B – Species and Habitats of Management Concern

B-6 Petit Manan National Wildlife Refuge Complex

Bird Species (Cont’d.)

Species 

E&T 

Species 

ME / 

USFWS1

Migratory 

Nongame 

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern2

>20% of 

population in 

northeast3

International 

Shorebird 

Survey 

Report4

Waterfowl 

Population 

Status 

Report5

Maine 

Special 

Concern6

 

Species 

of 

Conservation 

Concern 

to Northeast7

 

Partners 

 In 

 Flight8

Important 

Neotropical 

Migratory 

Bird 

species 

in Maine9

Species 

of 

Management 

Concern 

on 

Refuge 

Complex 

lands10

Blk Backed 

Gull C

x 

Great Horned 

Owl C

x 

Double Crested 

Cormorant C

x 

Common 

Eider C

x 

Black 

Guillemot C

x 

Gray Seal x 

CBirds known to nest on the Refuge 

References for bird list 

1. USFWS Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, 50 CFR 17.11 and 17.12, December 31, 1999. 

2. MDIFW Revised List of Special Concern Species in Maine, Sept. 25, 1996. 

3. Wildlife Species of Regional Conservation Concern in the Northeastern United States, Northeast Wildlife Vol.54, 1999. 

4. Changes to Maine=s List of Endangered or Threatened Species, July 17, 1996. 

5. Importance of Geographic Areas to Neotropical Migrant Birds in the Northeast, USFWS Report by Kenneth Rosenburg and 

Jeffrey V. Wells. July 1995. 

6. Partners in Flight Priority Bird Populations and Habitats, Physiographic Areas 27 and 28(Northern New England and Eastern 

Spruce-Hardwood Forest). 

7. Migratory Nongame Birds of Management Concern in the United States, OMB, USFWS, September, 1995. 

8. 1995 International Shorebird Survey Report; (subset of species which have been declining and occur in Region 5) 

9. 1996 Waterfowl Population Status Report, USFWS. 

10. These are the species from the first 9 columns for which management objectives have been written; or for which we are 

monitoring their populations in case future management is warranted 
Rare Botanical Species

 Draft CCP/EIS - April, 2004 B-7

Rare Botanical Species

Common Name Scientific Name 

State Rarity 

Rank 

Global 

Rarity Rank State Legal Status 

Northern yarrow Achillea millefolium var. borealis S1 G5T? Special concern 

Nova Scotia false-foxglove Agalinis neoscotica S1 G2? Threatened 

Moonwort Botrychium lunaria S1 G5 Endangered 

Pickering=s reed bent-grass Calamagrostis pickeringii S1 G4 Threatened 

Swarthy sedge Carex adusta S1 G5 Endangered 

Livid sedge Carex livida S2 G5T5 Threatened 

Loose-flowered sedgeA Carex rariflora SH G5 Possibly Extirpated 

Salt-marsh sedge Carex recta S1 G4 Threatened 

Sea-beach sedge Carex silicea S3 G5 Special concern 

Coast-blite goosefoot Chenopodium rubrum S1 G5 Threatened 

Common mare=s tailA Hippuris vulgaris S2 G5 Special concern 

Marsh felwort Lomatogonium rotatum S2 G5 Threatened 

White adder=s-mouth Malaxis monophyllos S1 G4Q Endangered 

Blinks Montia fontana S2 G5 Special concern 

Bird=s-eye primrose Primula laurentia S2 G5 Special concern 

A

: Both Carex rariflora and Hippuris vulgaris have historically been documented on Petit Manan Point, but recent surveys were not 

able to confirm their presence. 
Appendix B – Species and Habitats of Management Concern

B-8 Petit Manan National Wildlife Refuge Complex

Rare Plant Community Types

Community Type 

Maine Natural Areas Program Element 

Occurrence Rank 

Reason for rarity??or 

definition of ranking?? 

other state status?? 

Maritime Slope Boy A 

Coastal Plateau Bog AB 

Jack Pine Woodland ?? 

Dwarf Shrub Bog ?? 

References for botanical list:

Elements of Natural Diversity: Rare, Threatened and Endangered Plants, Maine Natural Areas Program 1999 

An Ecological Assessment of Eastern Brothers and Halifax Island, Washington County Maine, Famous and Spencer-Famous 1999 

South Libby Island Botanical Survey, Bochan and DiGirolamo 1999 

Maine Forest Biodiversity Project Final Report, Maine Natural Areas Program, 1998 

The Vascular Flora of Petit Manan Refuge John=s Island, Maine, Mittelhauser and Morrison, 2000 

State Ranking: (determined by Maine Natural Areas Program) 

S1: Critically imperiled in Maine because of extreme rarity or vulnerability to extirpation 

S2: Imperiled in Maine because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences) or because of other factors making it vulnerable to further decline 

S3: Rare in Maine (20 - 100 occurrences) 

SH: Occurred historically in Maine 

Special concern: Rare in Maine based on available information, but not sufficiently rare to be considered threatened or endangered 

Global Ranking: (determined by The Nature Conservancy) 

G2?: Globally imperiled because of rarity (6 -20 occurrences) or because of other factors making it vulnerable to further decline 

(uncertain) 

G4: Apparently secure globally, but with cause for long-term concern. 

G5: Demonstrably widespread, abundant, and secure globally 

T: Indicates subspecies rank 

Q: Indicates questionable rank