Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple 

Zones in the Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, 

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13 

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5002

Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy

DOE/ID-22232
Cover: U.S. Geological Survey scientists deploying water sample bottles into well USGS 

134 at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho. (Photograph taken by Sara Smith, U.S. 

Geological Survey, September 3, 2008.)
Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from 

Multiple Zones in the Eastern Snake River 

Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho, 2009–13

By Roy C. Bartholomay, Candice B. Hopkins, and Neil V. Maimer

DOE/ID-22232

Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy

Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5002

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the Interior

SALLY JEWELL, Secretary

U.S. Geological Survey

Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director 

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2015

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Suggested citation:

Bartholomay, R.C., Hopkins, C.B., and Maimer, N.V., 2015, Chemical constituents in groundwater from multiple zones 

in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2015–5002 (DOE/ID-22232), 110 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155002.

ISSN 2328-0328 (online)
iii

Contents

Abstract ..........................................................................................................................................................1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................1

Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................8

Geohydrologic Setting .........................................................................................................................8

Previous Investigations........................................................................................................................8

Methods and Quality Assurance...............................................................................................................10

Multilevel Monitoring System...........................................................................................................10

Sample Collection ..............................................................................................................................11

Analytical Methods.............................................................................................................................17

Guidelines for Interpretation of Analytical Results ......................................................................17

Quality Assurance/Quality Control ..................................................................................................17

Water Chemistry of Recharge to the Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer...........................................18

Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater..................................................................19

Cations, Anions, and Silica................................................................................................................19

Selected Inorganic Constituents......................................................................................................30

Nutrients...............................................................................................................................................30

Total Organic Carbon..........................................................................................................................31

Gross Alpha- and Gross Beta-Particle Radioactivity ...................................................................31

Strontium-90.........................................................................................................................................31

Tritium ..................................................................................................................................................31

Cesium-137...........................................................................................................................................32

Uranium Isotopes................................................................................................................................32

Transuranic Elements ........................................................................................................................34

Stable Isotopes....................................................................................................................................34

Chemical Comparison of Groundwater from Multiple Zones...............................................................34

Summary........................................................................................................................................................41

References Cited..........................................................................................................................................41

Appendix A. Chemical Concentrations of Selected Source Water that Provides Recharge 

to the Eastern Snake River Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho ..............................109
iv

Figures

1. Map showing location of the Idaho National Laboratory and selected sites, Idaho .......2

2. Map showing location of wells in the southwestern area of Idaho National

Laboratory, Idaho..........................................................................................................................3

3. Map showing distribution of hydrogeologic units at the water table and borehole

depth in relation to model layers and hydrogeologic units along section A–A’, 

Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, Idaho ........................................................................6

4. Schematic diagram representing components of the WestbayTM Multiport (MP)

System for multilevel groundwater monitoring .....................................................................11

5. Trilinear diagram showing average major-ion composition of water from well 

USGS 105, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10.........................................................20

6. Graphs showing average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well

USGS 105, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10.........................................................21

7. Trilinear diagram showing average major-ion composition of water from well 

USGS 108, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2010–11.........................................................22

8. Graphs showing average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well

USGS 108, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2010–11.........................................................23

9. Trilinear diagram showing average major-ion composition of water from well 

USGS 131A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2012–13......................................................24

10. Graphs showing average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well

USGS 131A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2012–13......................................................25

11. Trilinear diagram showing average major-ion composition of water from well 

USGS 135, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–2010.....................................................26

12. Graphs showing average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well

USGS 135, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10.........................................................27

13. Trilinear diagram showing average major-ion composition of water from well 

USGS 137A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2012–13......................................................28

14. Graphs showing average concentrations of selected ions and silica in water from

well USGS 137A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2012–13 .............................................29

15. Graphs showing concentrations of tritium analyzed at the Menlo Park Research

Laboratory in wells USGS 105, 108, 131A, 135, and 137A, Idaho National Laboratory,

Idaho .............................................................................................................................................33

16. Trilinear diagram showing major-ion composition of water from wells USGS 105,

USGS 108, USGS 131A, USGS 135, and USGS 137A, Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho .............................................................................................................................................35

17. Trilinear diagram showing major-ion composition of water from wells USGS 105,

Big Lost River below INEL diversion, Owen, Harrell, USGS 126B, and Arco City,

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho ............................................................................................36

18. Trilinear diagram showing major-ion composition of water from wells USGS 135,

Big Lost River below INEL diversion, Owen, Arco City, Harrell, and USGS 126B,

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho ............................................................................................38

19. Stratigraphic diagram showing tritium concentrations in relation to basalt flows

from wells Middle 2050A, Middle 2051, USGS 131A, and USGS 132, Idaho National

Laboratory, Idaho, 2008–13........................................................................................................39

20. Stratigraphic diagram showing tritium concentrations in relation to basalt flows

from multilevel wells along the southern boundary of the Idaho National

Laboratory, Idaho, 2008–13........................................................................................................40
v

Conversion Factors, Datums, and Abbreviations

Conversion Factors

Inch/Pound to SI

Multiply By To obtain

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)

mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer (km)

square mile (mi2) 259.0 hectare (ha)

foot squared per day (ft2/d) 0.09290 meter squared per day (m2/d)

foot per mile (ft/mi) 0.1894 meter per kilometer (m/km)

picocurie per liter (pCi/L) 0.037 becquerel per liter (Bq/L)

foot per day (ft/d) 0.3048 meter per day (m/d)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:

° F =(1.8×°C) + 32.

Tables

1. Well identifier, port depth, interval sampled, and groundwater model layer

information from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho

National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13 ........................................................................................4

2. Field measurements of pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved

oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and sum of dissolved solids in water from multiple

levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho,

2009–13 .........................................................................................................................................12

3. Concentrations of dissolved major cations and silica in water from multiple 

zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–13 .........................................................................................................................................46

4. Concentrations of dissolved major anions in water from multiple zones in the

eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13 ............51

5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from

multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory,

Idaho, 2009–13.............................................................................................................................56

6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from

multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory,

Idaho, 2009–13 ............................................................................................................................86

7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle

radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels 

in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–13 .........................................................................................................................................95

8. Concentrations of uranium, plutonium, and americium isotopes in water from

multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory,

Idaho, 2009–13 .........................................................................................................................104

9. Concentrations of isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon in water from multiple

levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho,

2009–13 .......................................................................................................................................107
vi

Conversion Factors, Datums, and Abbreviations—Continued

Specific conductance is given in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (μS/cm at 

25°C).

Concentrations of chemical constituents in water are given either in milligrams per liter (mg/L) 

or micrograms per liter (μg/L).

Datums

Vertical coordinate information is referenced to National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 

(NGVD 29).

Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to North American Datum of 1927 (NAD 27).

Altitude, as used in this report, refers to distance above the vertical datum.

Abbreviations

BLS below land surface

DOE U.S. Department of Energy

E estimate

ESRP eastern Snake River Plain

H hydrogen

INL Idaho National Laboratory

INTEC Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center

LRL laboratory reporting levels

MDL method detection limit

MP multiport

NRF Naval Reactors Facility

NWQL National Water Quality Laboratory

O oxygen

PVC polyvinyl chloride

QA quality assurance

QC quality control

RESL Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory

RPD relative percent difference

ATR Advanced Test Reactor Complex

RWMC Radioactive Waste Management Complex

TAN Test Area North

USGS U.S. Geological Survey
Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple 

Zones in the Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho 

National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13

By Roy C. Bartholomay, Candice B. Hopkins, and Neil V. Maimer 

Abstract 

From 2009 to 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey’s 

(USGS) Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project office, 

in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, 

collected water-quality samples from multiple waterbearing zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. 

Water samples were collected from 11 monitoring wells 

completed in about 250–750 feet of the upper part of the 

aquifer, and samples were analyzed for selected major ions, 

trace elements, nutrients, radiochemical constituents, and 

stable isotopes. Each well was equipped with a multilevel 

monitoring system containing four to seven sampling ports 

that were each isolated by permanent packer systems. The 

sampling ports were installed in aquifer zones that were highly 

transmissive and that represented the water chemistry of the 

top three to five model layers of a steady-state and transient 

groundwater‐flow model. The groundwater-flow model and 

water chemistry are being used to better define movement of 

wastewater constituents in the aquifer. 

The water-chemistry composition of all sampled zones 

for the five new multilevel wells is calcium plus magnesium 

bicarbonate. One of the zones in well USGS 131A has a 

slightly different chemistry from the rest of the zones and 

wells and the difference is attributed to more wastewater 

influence from the Idaho Nuclear Technology and 

Engineering Center. One well, USGS 135, was not influenced 

by wastewater disposal and consisted of mostly older water in 

all of its zones. 

Tritium concentrations in relation to basaltic flow units 

indicate the presence of wastewater influence in multiple 

basalt flow groups; however, tritium is most abundant in the 

South Late Matuyama flow group in the southern boundary 

wells. The concentrations of wastewater constituents in deep 

zones in wells Middle 2051, USGS 132, USGS 105, and 

USGS 103 support the concept of groundwater flow deepening 

in the southwestern corner of the INL, as indicated by the INL 

groundwater-flow model. 

Introduction 

The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), encompassing 

about 890 mi2 of the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) in 

southeastern Idaho (fig. 1), is operated by the U.S. Department 

of Energy (DOE). The INL was established in 1949 for the 

development of peacetime atomic energy applications, nuclear 

safety research, defense programs, environmental research, 

and advanced energy concepts. Wastewater disposal sites at 

Test Area North (TAN), the Naval Reactors Facility (NRF), 

the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) Complex, and the Idaho 

Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC) (fig. 1) 

have been principal sources of radioactive- and chemicalwaste contaminants in water from the ESRP aquifer (Davis 

and others, 2013). These wastewater disposal sites have 

included lined evaporation ponds, unlined infiltration ponds 

and ditches, drain fields, and injection wells. Waste materials 

buried in shallow pits and trenches within the Subsurface 

Disposal Area at the Radioactive Waste Management 

Complex (RWMC) also have contributed contaminants to 

the groundwater. 

Prior to 1984, most of the wastewater generated at the 

INTEC, which is located in the southwestern part of the 

INL, was injected directly to the ESRP aquifer through a 

598-ft-deep disposal well (fig. 2). In February 1984, routine 

use of the disposal well was discontinued, and wastewater 

was then discharged to unlined infiltration ponds south of the 

INTEC until 2002 (when the unlined ponds were relocated to 

about 2 mi southwest of INTEC). Wastewater in the infiltration 

ponds percolate through about 450 ft of basalt and sediment to 

the aquifer. 

Since 1952, wastewater generated at the ATR Complex 

has been discharged mostly to unlined ponds. Low-level 

radioactive wastewater was discharged to infiltration 

ponds until 1993; since then it has been discharged to 

evaporation ponds that are lined and do not allow infiltration. 

Nonradioactive wastewater was discharged to the aquifer 

through a disposal well from 1964 to 1982, and has been 

discharged to infiltration ponds since 1982 (Davis and 

others, 2013). 
2 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

tac14-0957_fig01

MFC

CFA

INTEC

NRF

RWMC

TAN

ATR

PBF

EXPLANATION

USGS 135

Owen

Owen

Boundary of Idaho National Labororatory

Area shown in figure 2

Well identifier

Multilevel well identifier

Surface-water site and identifier

Selected facilities at the Idaho National Laboratory

Central Facilities Area

Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center

Materials and Fuels Complex

Naval Reactors Facility

Power Burst Facility

Radioactive Waste Management Complex

Advanced Test Reactor Complex

Test Area North

IDAHO

BOISE

EASTERN 

SNAKE RIVER

IDAHO PLAIN

NATIONAL

LABORATORY

Twin

Falls

Pocatello

Idaho

Falls

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:24,000 and 1:100,000

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 12

Datum is North American Datum of 1927

0

0 10

10

20 KILOMETERS

20 MILES

Mud

Lake

Big

Lost

River

Little

Lost

River

Birch

Creek

Mackay

Reservoir

Camas

Creek

26

93

20

26

33

22

28

20

93

Big 

Southern

Butte

East

Butte Middle

Butte

BITTERROOT

RANGE

LEMHI RANGE

LOST RIVER RANGE

PIONEER MOUNTAINS

TAN

ATR Complex

INTEC

CFA

NRF

RWMC

MFC

PBF

Big Lost River

playas and sinks

Birch Creek 

Sinks

Spreading

Areas

USGS 7

Big Lost River near NRF

Big Lost River 

near Mackay

Big Lost River 

near Moore

Big Lost River 

near Butte City

Big Lost River 

below Arco

Big Lost River at 

Mackay Dam

Big Lost River below 

INEL division

USGS

126B

Big Lost River 

near Arco

WS for INEL-1

USGS 135

NRF-2

Condie Hot

Springs

Little Lost River 

near Howe

Little Lost River 

near Clyde

Birch Creek at 

Kaufman GS

Birch Creek at 

Blue Dome

 INEL-1

Big Lost River near NRF

113°00’ 45’

44°

00’

45’

43°

30’

113°30’ 15’ 30’ 112°15’

Atomic

City

Howe

 Arco City

Arco

Mud

Lake

Terreton

Moore

Butte City

Mackay

Harrell

Figure 1. Location of the Idaho National Laboratory and selected sites, Idaho.
Introduction 3

tac14-0957_fig02

Idaho National Laboratory Boundary

Multi-level monitoring well and identifier

Well and identifier

Selected facilities at the Idaho National Laboratory

CFA 2

CFA 1

INTEC

DISPOSAL WELL

TRA 2 TRA 1

CPP 1

SITE 9

USGS 134

USGS 134

USGS 133

USGS 132

USGS 109

USGS 105 USGS 108

USGS 135 USGS 103

USGS 83

USGS 44

USGS 22

HWY 3

USGS 109

ICPP 1798

ICPP 1796 ICPP 1797

ICPP 1795

MIDDLE 2051

TRA DISPOSAL

MIDDLE 2050A

Radioactivewaste ponds

Evaporation ponds

Infiltration ponds

Cold-waste ponds

Big Lost River

Big Southern Butte

Spreading

areas

USGS 137A

USGS 131A

113°07'30" 113°00' 112°52'30"

43°

30'

43°

22'

30"

0 2 4 8 KILOMETERS

0 3 6 MILES

EXPLANATION

Radioactive Waste

Management Complex

Idaho Nuclear Technology

and Engineering Center

Advanced Test Reactor 

Complex

Central 

Facilities

Area

26

20

Figure 2. Location of wells in the southwestern area of Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho.
4 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has maintained 

a water-quality monitoring program at the INL since 1949 

to define (1) the quality and availability of water for human 

consumption, (2) the usability of the water for supporting 

construction of facilities and for industrial purposes such as 

cooling systems and diluting concentrated waste streams, 

(3) the location and movement of contaminants in the ESRP 

aquifer, (4) the sources of recharge to the aquifer, (5) an 

early detection network for contaminants moving past the 

INL boundaries, and (6) the processes controlling the origin 

and distribution of contaminants and naturally occurring 

constituents in the aquifer (Ackerman and others, 2010).

Since the inception of the monitoring program, a network 

that once numbered almost 200 wells has been sampled 

for various constituents including tritium, strontium-90, 

cesium-137, plutonium-238, plutonium-239, -240 (undivided), 

americium-241, gross alpha- and gross beta-radioactivity, 

iodine-129, chromium and other trace elements, sodium, 

chloride, sulfate, nitrate, fluoride, volatile organic compounds, 

and total organic carbon (Davis and others, 2013; 

Bartholomay, 2013). Most of the wells in this network were 

constructed as open-borehole wells, and many of the wells 

are open to the aquifer through their entire depth below the 

water table. This type of construction is good for maximum 

water-production rates, for identifying the time of arrival of 

contaminant plumes, and for delineating the horizontal extent 

of contaminants. However, it is not conducive to identifying 

either the vertical distribution of contaminants or pressure and 

temperature gradients. 

To acquire water-chemistry data that describe the vertical 

distribution of constituents in the ESRP aquifer, the USGS 

collaborated with an INL contractor in 2005 to develop a 

multilevel monitoring network. The multilevel network allows 

for sampling of discrete zones of water versus sampling an 

open, mixed zone. The multilevel monitoring network was 

expanded by the USGS from 2006 to 2012. In 2005, 2006, and 

2007, wells Middle 2050A, Middle 2051, USGS 103, USGS 

132, USGS 133, and USGS 134 (fig. 2) were instrumented; 

from 2009 through 2012, wells USGS 135, 105, 108, 131A 

and 137A were instrumented with multilevel WestbayTM 

packer sampling systems to acquire water-quality samples 

and pressure and temperature measurements at isolated depths 

in each of the wells. These isolated depths coincide with the 

vertical location of groundwater model layers (table 1, fig. 3) 

in which particles are introduced to simulate groundwater flow 

paths (Ackerman and others, 2010). 

Table 1. Well identifier, port depth, interval sampled, and groundwater model layer information from multiple zones in the eastern 

Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth and interval sampled in feet below land surface. Model layer: See Ackerman and others (2010) for more 

information. Layer 1 represents water from the upper 100 feet of the aquifer; layer 2 represents water from 100 to 200 feet below the top of the aquifer; layer 3 

represents water from 200 to 300 feet below the top of the aquifer; layer 4 represents water from 300 to 500 feet below the top of the aquifer; layer 5 represents 

water from 500 to 800 feet below the top of the aquifer; and layer 6 represents water from greater than 800 feet below the top of the aquifer; none of the wells 

reach model layer 6]

Well name Site identifier Port depth Interval sampled Model layer

Middle 2050A

Zone 15 433409112570515 517 465–539 1

Zone 12 433409112570512 644 643–703 2 and 3

Zone 9 433409112570509 791 790–807 4

Zone 6 433409112570506 999 999–1,041 5

Zone 3 433409112570503 1,180 1,180–1,227 5

Middle 2051

Zone 12 433217113004912 603 562–609 1

Zone 9 433217113004909 749 748–771 2 and 3

Zone 6 433217113004906 827 826–876 3 and 4

Zone 3 433217113004903 1,091 1,090– 1,128 5

Zone 1 433217113004901 1,141 1,140–1,176 5

USGS 103

Zone 17 432714112560723 680 670–691 1 and 2

Zone 15 432714112560720 802 767–832 2 and 3

Zone 12 432714112560716 909 892–920 4

Zone 9 432714112560712 993 958–1,014 4

Zone 6 432714112560708 1,087 1,063–1,098 4 and 5

Zone 3 432714112560704 1,210 1,184–1,240 5

Zone 1 432714112560702 1,258 1,257–1,279 5
Introduction 5

Well name Site identifier Port depth Interval sampled Model layer

USGS 105

Zone 13 432703113001818 728 707–752 1

Zone 11 432703113001815 851 830–862 2

Zone 8 432703113001811 952 929–982 3 and 4

Zone 5 432703113001807 1,072 1,035–1,102 4

Zone 2 432703113001803 1,242 1,225–1,276 5

USGS 108

Zone 11 432659112582616 661 642–679 1

Zone 9 432659112582613 809 791–830 2 and 3

Zone 7 432659112582610 888 872–904 3

Zone 4 432659112582606 1,029 1,018–1,060 5

Zone 1 432659112582602 1,172 1,161–1,194 5

USGS 131A

Zone 12 433036112581815 616 562–632 1

Zone 8 433036112581810 812 795–842 3

Zone 5 433036112581806 981 956–1,058 4

Zone 3 433036112581803 1,137 1,120–1,157 5

USGS 132

Zone 17 432906113025022 638 624–660 1

Zone 14 432906113025018 765 727–787 2

Zone 11 432906113025014 827 812–864 3

Zone 8 432906113025010 919 911–935 4

Zone 5 432906113025006 1,012 984–1,043 4

Zone 1 432906113025001 1,173 1,152–1,214 5

USGS 133

Zone 10 433605112554312 469 448–480 1

Zone 7 433605112554308 570 556–591 2

Zone 4 433605112554305 686 686–696 3

Zone 1 433605112554301 746 725–766 4

USGS 134

Zone 15 433611112595819 578 554–590 1

Zone 12 433611112595815 646 639–652 2

Zone 9 433611112595811 706 691–720 2 and 3

Zone 6 433611112595807 807 782–818 3 and 4

Zone 3 433611112595804 847 846–868 4

Zone 3 433611112595803 856 846–868 4

USGS 135

Zone 10 432753113093613 738 727–762 1

Zone 7 432753113093609 837 823–861 2

Zone 4 432753113093605 988 968–1,008 3

Zone 1 432753113093601 1,116 1,106–1,137 4

USGS 137A

Zone 5 432701113025807 662 640–718 1

Zone 4 432701113025805 747 721–784 2

Zone 3 432701113025803 841 787–862 2 and 3

Zone 1 432701113025801 876 875–895 3

Table 1. Well identifier, port depth, interval sampled, and groundwater model layer information from multiple zones in the eastern 

Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 
6 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

tac14-0957_fig03a

Mud Lake

Camas

Creek

Lost

River

Little

Lost

Birch

Creek

Mackay

Reservoir

Big

River

Big Lost River

spreading areas

A, B, C, and D

Big Lost River

sinks and playas

1, 2, and 3

Atomic

City

East

Butte

Middle

Butte

Howe

Arco

BITTERROOT

 RANGE

LOST RIVER RANGE

LEMHI RANGE

WHITE KNOB MOUNTAINS

Mud

Lake

Terreton

Big Southern

Butte

IDAHO

BOISE

EASTERN 

SNAKE RIVER PLAIN IDAHO 

NATIONAL

LABORATORY

Twin

Falls

Pocatello

Idaho

Falls

113° 00 ́

113°45 ́

113°30 ́ 30 ́ 112° 00 ́

43°

44°

00 ́

44°

15 ́

0 10 20 MILES

0 10 20 KILOMETERS

43°

43°

45’

A.

A A’ Line of hydrogeologic section—See section in figure 3B

 Hydrogeologic units at the water table Boundary of model area

1—Younger rocks consisting of densely fractured basalt and interbedded

sediment 

2—Younger rocks consisting of massive, less densely fractured basalt and

interbedded sediment. 

3—Intermediate-age rocks consisting of slightly altered fractured basalt and

interbedded sediment 

Silicic rocks—Includes rhyolite domes Big Southern Butte (A), Middle Butte

(B), and East Butte (C), Small unnamed dome and Cedar Butte andesite

not shown 

Boundary of Idaho National Laboratory

EXPLANATION

Site facilities

CFA

INTEC

MFC

NRF

ATR

RWMC

TAN

Well instrumented with multi-level

sampling system

A

A’

TAN

ATR INTEC

NRF

RWMC

CFA

MFC

USGS 103

USGS 132

USGS 134 USGS 133

MIDDLE 2050A

MIDDLE 2051

USGS 132

A

A

B

C

PIONEER MOUNTAINS

USGS 131A

USGS 135 USGS 137A

USGS 105

USGS 108

Central Facilities Area

Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center

Materials and Fuels Complex

Naval Reactors Facility

Advanced Test Reactor Complex

Radioactive Waste Management Complex

Test Area North

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:24,000 and 1:100,000

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 12

Datum is North American Datum of 1927

Figure 3. (A) Distribution of hydrogeologic units at the water table and (B) cross section showing borehole depth in relation to 

model layers and hydrogeologic units along section A–A’, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, Idaho.
Introduction 7

tac14-0957_fig03b

Contact—Approximately located, queried where uncertain

Water table

EXPLANATION

Unsaturated zone

1—Younger rocks consisting of densely fractured basalt and interbedded 

sediment.

2—Younger rocks consisting of massive, less densely fractured basalt and 

interbedded sediment. Queried where uncertain.

3—Intermediate-age rocks consisting of slightly altered fractured basalt 

and sediment.

Older rocks

?

VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED

Unsaturated zone

?

?

?

?

?

? Water table

A'

METERS

1,400

1,200

1,300

1,100

1,500

1,600

1,700

800

600

700

500

400

300 

900

1,000

5,000

5,500

FEET

4,000

2,000

1,000

3,000

4,500

2,500

1,500

3,500

A

ALTITUDE, IN FEET ABOVE NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929

Older rocks

Older rocks

USGS 132

MIDDLE 2050A

TAN

INL Boundary

2 1

3

3

0 10 20 MILES

0 10 20 KILOMETERS

Site facilities

Idaho National Laboratory

Radioactive Waste Management Complex

Advanced Test Reactor Complex

Naval Reactors Facility

Test Area North

INL

RWMC

ATR

NRF

USGS 103

MIDDLE 2051

USGS 133

RWMC

ATR, USGS 134

NRF

Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3

Layer 4

Layer 5

Layer 6

Layer 6 Boundary of model layer and layer No.

TAN

Southwest

boundary

Northeast

boundary

Base of aquifer

Well USGS 103, 105, 108, 137A and 135 not projected perpendicular to cross-section trace; well depth based on total depth of well.

B.

USGS 108,105.137A,135

USGS 131A

Hydrogeologic units

Figure 3.—Continued
8 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Purpose and Scope

This report presents water-chemistry results from water 

samples collected between 2009 and 2013 from 11 wells 

equipped with multilevel monitoring systems (MLMS) 

completed in the upper 250–750 ft of the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer at the INL. Water chemistry is compared 

in different zones with water-source types throughout the 

INL. Two wells (Middle 2050A and Middle 2051), each with 

five sample zones, were instrumented in 2005; two wells 

(USGS 132 and USGS 134) with six and five sample zones, 

respectively, were instrumented in 2006; and two wells 

(USGS 103 and USGS 133) with seven and four sample 

zones, respectively, were instrumented in 2007; two wells 

(USGS 135 and USGS 105) with four and five sample zones, 

respectively, were instrumented in 2009; one well (USGS 108) 

with five sample zones was instrumented in 2010; and two 

wells (USGS 131A and USGS 137A) with four sample zones, 

each, were instrumented in 2012. The sample zones were 

installed in areas of the aquifer that were highly transmissive 

of groundwater and that represented the water chemistry of the 

top three to five layers of the USGS INL groundwater model 

for steady-state and transient groundwater flow (Ackerman 

and others, 2010).

The list of constituents that were sampled for during 

2009–13 varied depending on the amount of time the well 

had been sampled. For new wells instrumented between 2009 

and 2013, a more complete set of samples were collected for 

the first 2 years of sampling and then samples were analyzed 

for tritium; gross alpha, beta, and gamma analyses; chloride, 

sodium, chromium, nutrients, and total organic carbon 

(Knobel and others, 2008, app. A, schedule 19) for selected 

zones in subsequent years. In 2012, total organic carbon was 

discontinued for the routine sampling and sulfate was added. 

For the entire period of sampling, 16 replicate samples, 

5 equipment blank samples, and 2 field blank samples were 

collected as a measure of quality assurance. Iodine-129 

was collected from all 11 wells in 2012 and summarized in 

Bartholomay (2013). 

Geohydrologic Setting

The INL is located on the west-central part of the ESRP. 

The ESRP is a northeast-trending structural basin about 

200 mi long and 50–70 mi wide (fig. 1). The basin has been 

filled with basaltic-lava flows interbedded with terrestrial 

sediments. The basaltic rocks and sedimentary deposits 

combine to form the ESRP aquifer, which is the primary 

source of groundwater on the plain.

The ESRP aquifer is one of the most productive aquifers 

in the United States (U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, p. 193). 

Water in the aquifer generally moves from northeast to 

southwest and eventually discharges to springs along the 

Snake River downstream of Twin Falls, Idaho, about 100 mi 

southwest of the INL. Water moves horizontally through basalt 

interflow zones and vertically through joints and interfingering 

edges of interflow zones. Infiltration of surface water, heavy 

pumpage, geologic conditions, and seasonal fluxes of recharge 

and discharge locally affect the movement of groundwater 

(Garabedian, 1986). The ESRP aquifer is recharged primarily 

from infiltration of applied irrigation water, infiltration of 

streamflow, groundwater inflow from adjoining mountain 

drainage basins, and infiltration of precipitation. 

At the INL, depth to water in wells completed in the 

ESRP aquifer ranges from about 200 ft in the northern part 

of the site to more than 900 ft in its southeastern part. A 

significant proportion of the groundwater moves through 

the upper 200–800 ft of basaltic rocks (Mann, 1986, p. 21). 

Ackerman (1991, p. 30) and Bartholomay and others (1997, 

table 3) reported a range of transmissivity of basalt in the 

upper part of the aquifer of 1.1–760,000 ft2/d. The hydraulic 

gradient at the INL ranges from 2 to 10 ft/mi, with an average 

of 4 ft/mi (Davis and others, 2013, fig. 9). Horizontal flow 

velocities of about 2–26 ft/d have been calculated based on 

the movement of various constituents in different areas of 

the aquifer at and near the INL (Robertson and others, 1974; 

Mann and Beasley, 1994; Cecil and others, 2000; Plummer 

and others, 2000; Busenberg and others, 2001). These flow 

rates equate to a travel time of between 55 and 700 years for 

water beneath the INL to travel to springs that discharge at 

the terminus of the ESRP aquifer. Localized tracer tests at 

the INL have revealed vertical- and horizontal-transport rates 

as high as 60–150 ft/d (Nimmo and others, 2002; Duke and 

others, 2007). 

Previous Investigations

Many investigations have evaluated the geology and 

hydrology of the ESRP aquifer at the INL. A comprehensive 

listing of publications by the USGS is available at 

http://id.water.usgs.gov/INL/Pubs/index.html.

Some of the previous investigations of water chemistry 

at different depths in the ESRP aquifer at the INL were 

documented in Peckham (1959), Jones (1961), Olmsted 

(1962), Mann (1986), Mann and Cecil (1990), Fromm and 

others (1994), U.S. Department of Energy (2004, 2007, and 

2008), Bartholomay (2009), Bartholomay and Twining (2010), 

Davis (2010), Bartholomay (2013), Bartholomay and others 

(2013), and Davis and others (2013).

Peckham (1959) discussed the hydrology and 

chemical quality of groundwater in the INTEC area. Nearly 

1,000 samples were collected with a thief sampler from 

different depths in 13 wells, mostly looking at variations in 

chloride concentrations. Rates of movement of groundwater 

from the injection well to the monitoring wells were estimated 

from fluctuations in the chloride concentration of the water. 

Jones (1961) defined five principal aquifers that occur 

locally from 460 to 660 ft below land surface (BLS) near 

the INTEC. Sodium concentrations were determined from 

selected depths from samples collected with a thief sampler. 
Introduction 9

Comprehensive chemical analyses were conducted on samples 

collected from aquifers isolated during packer tests and 

by thief samples. These analyses included determinations 

of chromium, strontium, iodine, and other constituents. 

Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from about 200 to 

500 mg/L, and specific conductance ranged from about 350 to 

880 μS/cm at 25 °C. The flow zone (called aquifer D) was 

isolated by packers to test water quality and movement. Data 

indicated that flow from this zone moved primarily to the west 

and that it did not seem to be influenced by regional flow. 

Olmsted (1962) presented results of the chemical and 

physical properties of 148 groundwater samples collected at 

the INL and defined four major water types for the aquifer at 

the INL. As part of the sample collection, thief samples were 

collected from USGS 7 (fig. 1) from depths of 380, 440, 720, 

780, and 825 ft BLS (Olmsted, 1962, table 1). Concentrations 

of calcium, bicarbonate, and sulfate were much smaller in the 

sample from the 380-ft depth than in samples from the other 

zones. The sulfate concentration in the sample from the 825-ft 

zone was more than double the values from the other zones. 

Olmsted (1962) also evaluated specific conductance variations 

in several wells at the INL at different depths and noted that, 

in most wells, the specific conductance was lower in the upper 

50 ft of the aquifer than in the deeper zones. Olmsted (1962) 

interpreted the lower specific conductance water as being 

“fresher” water. 

Mann (1986) presented results from water samples 

collected from four different intervals from well INEL-1 

(fig. 1). Water samples were collected from intervals of 

1,511–2,206; 3,559–3,713; 3,559–4,878; and 4,210–10,365 ft 

BLS, and the samples were analyzed for common ions and 

trace elements. An additional sample for comparison was 

collected from well Water Supply (WS) for INEL-1 (fig. 1) 

from the interval of 395–595 ft BLS. The dissolved solids 

and chemical composition of the water changed markedly 

with depth. Dissolved-solid concentrations changed from 

381 mg/L in the 395–595 ft interval to 1,020 mg/L in the 

deepest interval. The water chemistry changed from a calciummagnesium-bicarbonate water in the shallowest interval to a 

sodium-bicarbonate water in the deeper intervals. This change 

in chemistry coincides with the change from basaltic rocks in 

the upper interval to rhyolitic rocks in the deeper intervals. 

Mann and Cecil (1990) presented tritium results for 

water samples collected with a thief sampler in 1983 from 

various depths in the aquifer from wells USGS 103, USGS 

105, and USGS 108 along the southern boundary of the INL 

(fig. 2). The tritium concentration in one sample collected 

in July 1983 from USGS 103 was 800 ± 200 pCi/L. Tritium 

concentrations in 10 other samples collected from USGS 103 

in October and November 1983 at depths from 588 to 750 ft 

BLS were less than the reporting level in all 10 samples. 

Tritium concentrations in nine water samples collected in 

October and November 1983 at depths from 670 to 795 ft 

BLS in USGS 105 ranged from less than the reporting level to 

3,400 ± 200 pCi/L; concentrations in three of the nine samples 

exceeded the reporting level. Tritium concentrations in 

11 water samples collected in October and November 1983 at 

depths from 610 to 755 ft BLS in USGS 108 were greater than 

the reporting level in all 11 samples; the concentrations ranged 

from 830 ± 90 to 3,400 ± 200 picocuries per liter (pCi/L). 

These tritium concentrations were used to estimate flow 

velocities in the aquifer based on first arrival at these sites. 

Fromm and others (1994) presented results from water 

samples collected from six aquifer intervals isolated by a 

straddle packer system in USGS 44 (fig. 2). Water samples 

were analyzed for common ions, trace elements, nutrients, and 

selected radionuclides. Concentrations of tritium, iodine129, 

nitrate, and chloride were highest in the deepest sample 

interval (580–600 ft) . 

The U.S. Department of Energy (2004) summarized 

data collected from four wells south of the INTEC (ICPP 

1795–1798, fig. 2). Samples were collected from several 

different zones using an inflatable packer sampling system 

in the aquifer to determine concentrations above, within, 

and beneath the H-I interbed to support results of iodine-129 

contaminant transport modeling. Water samples were analyzed 

for tritium, strontium-90, iodine-129, technecium-99, and 

gross alpha and gross beta radiation. Concentrations of 

iodine-129 in the northernmost well, ICPP-1795 (fig. 2), 

increased from 0.34 ± 0.04 pCi/L at a depth of 560 ft BLS to 

0.43 ± 0.07 pCi/L at a depth of 620 ft BLS. Concentrations 

of iodine-129 in three wells farther to the south decreased 

with depth—concentrations in the upper zone ranged from 

0.58 ± 0.1 to 0.88 ± 0.08 pCi/L and concentrations in the 

lower zone ranged from not detected to 0.33 ± 0.05 pCi/L. 

The highest strontium-90 concentration was 8.86 ± 1.18 pCi/L 

from ICPP-1796 at a depth of 485 ft BLS. The highest 

tritium concentration was 11,100 ± 317 pCi/L from ICPP1795 at a depth of 560 ft BLS. The highest technicium-99 

concentration was 39.4 ± 2.91 pCi/L from ICPP-1797 at a 

depth of 472–503 ft BLS. 

The U.S. Department of Energy (2007) presented results 

for INL contractor data collected in 2005 and 2006 from five 

zones each from two wells (Middle 2050A and Middle 2051) 

equipped with WestbayTM multilevel monitoring systems. 

Samples were analyzed for volatile organic compounds, 

metals, anions, and radionuclides. Water from the upper zone 

from Middle 2051 was similar in chemical composition to 

water from well HWY 3 (fig. 2). Water from deeper zones 

indicated some influence of waste disposal at the ATR 

Complex. Concentrations of tritium, chloride, and sulfate 

in water samples from all five zones from Middle 2050A 

were less than detection limits or equal to background 

concentrations, which was interpreted by the authors that 

waste disposal at the INTEC and the ATR Complex had not 

influenced water from any of the five zones. 

The U.S. Department of Energy (2007) also presented 

results from two packer samples collected from well USGS 

105 at intervals of 676–704 ft and 769–790 ft BLS and from 

well USGS 108 at intervals of 613–627 ft and 657–760 ft 

BLS. Samples were analyzed for common ions and nitrate 

and compared to sample results from the wells when they 
10 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

had pumps in them. Concentrations of chloride and sulfate 

were larger in the shallow sample from USGS 105; the 

authors attributed this to migration of water from the RWMC 

area. Chloride and sulfate concentrations in the deeper zone 

in USGS 105 were similar to background concentrations 

reported by Robertson and others (1974). Chloride and sulfate 

concentrations in both samples from USGS 108 were similar 

to the pumped sample. 

The U.S. Department of Energy (2008) presented results 

for samples from three MLMS wells (Middle 2050A and 

Middle 2051 [five zones each], and USGS 132 [six zones]) 

collected in 2007 by the INL contractor. Samples were 

analyzed for volatile organic compounds, metals, anions, 

and radionuclides. Sulfate and chloride concentrations in 

water from the upper zone were much larger from USGS 

132 than in the other five zones; these concentrations were 

similar to concentrations in samples from other wells south 

of the RWMC that generally indicate a high anion anomaly. 

Concentrations from the other five zones in USGS 132 were 

similar to two intervals sampled from Middle 2051. 

Bartholomay (2009) evaluated iodine-129 concentrations 

collected at 31 zones from 6 MLMS wells at the INL during 

2007 and determined that concentrations in all zones had 

concentrations above background levels. For three of the 

wells, concentrations of iodine-129 between zones varied one 

to two orders of magnitude. For two wells, concentrations 

varied for one zone by more than an order of magnitude from 

the other zones. Similar concentrations were measured in all 

five zones from one well. All the zones had concentrations 

several orders of magnitude less than the maximum 

contaminant level for drinking water. 

Bartholomay and Twinning (2010) analyzed for chemical 

constituents from multiple zones from 2005 through 2008 at 

six MLMS wells at the INL (Middle 2050A, 2051, USGS 103, 

132, 133, and 134). The wells were completed in the upper 

350–700 ft of the aquifer from four to seven sample ports that 

were isolated by permanent packers. Results indicated that, in 

each of four separate wells (Middle 2050A, 2051, USGS 103 

and 132), one zone of water differed markedly from the other 

zones in the well. In four wells, one zone to as many as five 

zones contained radiochemical constituents that originated 

from wastewater disposal from selected INL facilities. 

Davis (2010) also summarized results from the same six 

wells as Bartholomay and Twining (2010) for data collected 

during 2006–08, mainly focusing on tritium, chromium, 

sodium, chloride, sulfate and nitrate concentrations in 

the wells. 

Bartholomay (2013) evaluated iodine-129 concentrations 

from 25 zones from 11 MLMS wells at the INL in 2012 to 

help define the vertical distribution in the aquifer. Two new 

wells completed in 2012 showed variability of as much as one 

order of magnitude of concentrations among various zones. 

Two other wells showed similar concentrations in all three 

zones sampled. Concentrations of iodine-129 in all zones were 

less than the maximum contaminant level. 

Bartholomay and others (2013) analyzed the effects 

of tracer concentration changes in 11 zones of the MLMS 

installed in USGS 108 at the INL. The tracer was added to 

drilling water used to core and deepen the well to determine 

if natural aquifer flow removed the tracer from the well. 

The tracer did not remain in zones completed in fractured 

basalts, but some minor concentrations remained in zones 

completed in dense basalt and in some zones with sedimentary 

interbeds. Based on the results from the tracer experiment, it 

was concluded that wastewater contaminated drill water used 

to drill four other wells at the INL probably did not affect the 

water chemistry in those wells.

Davis and others (2013) summarized results from the 

nine wells with MLMS systems at the INL from data collected 

from 2009 to 2011, mainly focusing on tritium, chromium, 

sodium, chloride, sulfate and nitrate concentrations in 

the wells.

Methods and Quality Assurance

Multilevel Monitoring System

The WestbayTM Multiport (MP) System was selected 

for multilevel groundwater monitoring at the INL. This 

system consists of a series of packers, measurement ports, 

magnetic collars, and variable-length sections of casing 

(fig. 4). The MLMS works to restore the initial pressure and 

chemical conditions in the borehole prior to drilling. The 

MLMS is completely enclosed with a bore plug at the bottom 

and casing sections (sealed with O-rings), which run the 

entire length of the borehole. Each casing joint is leak-proof 

tested during installation to form a continuous, rigid, sealed 

system that prohibits water from getting in or out. However, 

if a leak occurs at any joint, hydraulic isolation between 

the groundwater in the formation and any water inside the 

casing is maintained because the tubes connect only at the 

ports (Parker and others, 2006). The modular construction 

and varying lengths of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sections 

allow ports and, therefore, monitoring intervals, to be placed 

at almost any desired depth within a hole, provided that the 

spacing between each interval is great enough to accommodate 

a sufficient seal.

Two specific MP systems were installed: the MP 38 and 

the MP 55. The MP 38 system is best suited for boreholes 

3–4.5 in. in diameter, because the components are slightly 

smaller in diameter. The MP 38 system was purchased for 

well USGS 134 due to borehole diameter constraints that 

would not allow for the larger MP-55 system. The MP 55 

system uses packers, ports, and casing segments similar to 

those of the MP 38, but they are larger in diameter and are 

thus better suited for 4.5–6 in. diameter boreholes. Another 

advantage of the MP 55 system is the ability to collect water 

samples of greater volume, approximately 2 L per run. MP 55 
Methods and Quality Assurance 11

tac14-0957_fig04

Packer

Measurement Port

Magnetic Collar

PVC Casing

Borehole Wall

PVC Casing

Measurement

Port

Packer

Well casing

OPEN-HOLE

COMPLETION

MULTI-PACKER BOREHOLE

COMPLETION

Aquifer water table

Figure 4. Components of the WestbayTM Multiport (MP) System for multilevel groundwater monitoring.

systems were installed in 10 of the 11 multiport boreholes 

(Middle 2050A, Middle 2051, USGS 103, USGS 105, USGS 

108, USGS 131A, USGS 132, USGS 133, USGS 135, and 

USGS 137A). 

Core material, borehole geophysics, and borehole video 

information were used to identify fractures, dense basalt, 

and sediment interbeds to determine the best locations for 

monitoring zones and packers. Core and lithologic information 

for the 11 MLMS systems are described in North Wind, Inc. 

(2006), Twining and others (2008), and Hodges and others 

(2012). The sample ports were installed in zones of the 

aquifer that were highly transmissive and that represented 

the water chemistry of the top three to five layers of the 

USGS INL groundwater model for steady-state and transient 

groundwater flow (Ackerman and others, 2010). Multiport 

packers extend about 5 ft, so it was important to find areas of 

massive basalt for placement to prevent vertical flow in the 

borehole. A more detailed description of the installation for 

each of the 11 wells is available in North Wind, Inc. (2006), 

Fisher and Twinning (2011), Twining and Fisher (2012), and 

Brian Twining, U.S. Geological Survey (written commun., 

September 16, 2014). 

Sample Collection 

Sample collection by the USGS at the INL generally 

followed guidelines established by the USGS that 

are documented in the USGS National Field Manual 

(U.S. Geological Survey, variously dated) and Knobel and 

others (2008). Water samples were collected from 11 wells 

each equipped with a dedicated MLMS. A list of sample port 

depths from a total of 55 sampling zones from the aquifer are 

shown in table 1. 

Samples were collected using pre-cleaned, stainlesssteel thief sampling bottles that were lowered to the zone to 

be sampled, connected to the sampling port, and filled with 

formation water. The stainless-steel bottles were then raised to 

the surface and emptied into a pre-cleaned container; the water 

was then processed to fill appropriate bottles for analyses. 

Field measurements also were taken from the pre-cleaned 

container for pH, specific conductance, water temperature, 

dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, and turbidity (table 2). 

Sample bottles were cleaned between each sample zone by 

washing them in a Liquinox® solution and rinsing them with 

deionized water.
12 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 2. Field measurements of pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and sum of 

dissolved solids in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Units: pH, negative base-10 logarithm of hydrogen ion activity in moles per liter; 

specific conductance, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; water temperature, degrees Celsius; dissolved oxygen, milligrams per liter; alkalinity, 

reported as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), in milligrams per liter; turbidity, nephlometric turbidity units. NS, not sampled. E, estimated; NA, not analyzed. 

Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM replicate sample. Values for replicates are the same measurement as the primary sample]

Well name Port 

depth Date Time pH Specific conductance

Water 

temperature

Dissolved

oxygen Alkalinity Turbidity

Dissolved 

solids, sum 

(as CaCO3)

Remarks

Middle 2050A

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 1234 8.0 417 11.1 8.1 NA 1.4 NA

06-28-10 1438 8.0 408 11.1 6.9 NA 1.2 NA

06-27-11 1245 7.9 401 11.3 8.1 NA NA NA

06-19-12 0902 7.5 328 11.0 8.5 NA NA NA

07-10-13 1500 8.0 392 11.2 7.8 NA NA NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 1140 8.0 356 11.5 8.3 NA 0.35 NA

06-28-09 1349 8.0 350 11.5 9.6 NA 1.8 NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 1054 8.0 401 12.6 10.8 NA 0.60 NA

06-28-10 1258 8.0 398 12.7 10.3 NA 0.70 NA

Zone 6 999 08-19-09 1000 7.9 386 14.0 10.5 NA 0.50 NA

06-28-10 1031 7.9 380 14.1 10.0 NA 0.70 NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-19-09 0900 8.0 375 15.1 8.8 NA 1.6 NA

06-28-10 0930 8.0 366 15.2 8.8 NA 0.90 NA

Middle 2051

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 1342 7.8 352 10.4 7.7 NA 0.35 NA

07-01-10 1410 7.9 350 10.5 6.6 NA 0.70 NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 1252 7.9 380 13.1 9.1 NA 0.75 NA

07-01-10 1315 8.0 381 13.1 7.9 NA 0.90 NA

06-28-11 1425 7.9 383 13.3 7.7 NA NA NA

06-20-12 1408 7.7 371 13.2 9.9 NA NA NA

06-20-13 1332 8.0 383 13.3 8.1 NA NA NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 1202 7.9 388 13.4 9.4 NA 0.50 NA

07-01-10 1153 8.0 385 13.4 8.7 NA 0.40 NA

06-28-11 1325 7.9 389 13.7 9.4 NA NA NA 

06-20-12 1300 7.7 383 13.5 9.0 NA NA NA

06-20-13 1238 7.9 387 13.5 9.8 NA NA NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 1108 7.9 366 15.0 9.8 NA 0.65 NA

07-01-10 1053 7.9 367 15.0 9.2 NA 0.60 NA

06-28-11 1216 7.7 368 15.2 14.7 NA NA NA

06-20-12 1027 7.6 358 15.0 10.4 NA NA NA

06-20-13 1047 7.9 367 15.0 10.7 NA NA NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 1006 7.7 366 15.1 8.9 NA 0.55 NA

07-01-10 0948 7.9 363 15.0 9.4 NA 1.6 NA

06-28-11 1107 7.6 366 15.2 9.4 NA NA NA

06-20-12 1154 7.7 360 15.1 11.2 NA NA NA

06-20-13 1149 8.0 365 15.0 11.1 NA NA NA

USGS 103

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 1336 8.4 316 13.1 5.5 NA 12 NA

06-24-10 0932 8.4 293 13.1 5.5 NA 5.2 NA
Methods and Quality Assurance 13

Well name Port 

depth Date Time pH Specific conductance

Water 

temperature

Dissolved

oxygen Alkalinity Turbidity

Dissolved 

solids, sum 

(as CaCO3)

Remarks

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 1245 8.0 343 12.8 9.7 NA 11 NA

06-23-10 1535 8.0 338 12.7 9.8 NA 13 NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 1153 8.0 313 12.6 9.7 NA 0.75 NA

06-23-10 1446 8.0 304 12.6 9.1 NA 2.1 NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 1550 8.0 347 12.4 9.7 NA 0.60 NA

06-23-10 1342 8.0 338 12.4 9.6 NA 3.1 NA

06-23-10 1347 8.0 338 12.4 9.6 NA 3.1 NA QAW-18

06-21-11 1153 7.9 338 12.6 7.3 NA NA NA

06-25-12 1622 7.8 351 12.5 9.5 NA NA NA

06-25-13 1532 8.0 353 12.5 9.0 NA NA NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 1452 7.9 362 12.4 9.9 NA 0.40 NA

08-24-09 1457 7.9 362 12.4 9.9 NA 0.40 NA QAW-15

06-23-10 1200 8.0 356 12.4 10.1 NA 1.0 NA

06-21-11 1040 7.9 353 12.6 8.0 NA NA NA

06-25-12 1524 7.8 363 12.5 9.4 NA NA NA

06-25-13 1406 8.0 362 12.5 9.2 NA NA NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 1312 7.9 366 12.5 9.6 NA 1.1 NA

06-23-10 1018 7.9 356 12.5 10.6 NA 2.9 NA

06-21-11 0924 7.6 367 12.7 8.9 NA NA NA

06-25-12 1421 7.9 364 12.5 10.9 NA NA NA

06-25-13 1307 8.0 364 12.6 9.7 NA NA NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 1054 7.9 362 12.6 8.8 NA 0.70 NA

06-24-10 1116 8.0 362 12.6 9.9 NA 1.3 NA

06-20-11 1635 7.8 357 12.8 9.1 NA NA NA

06-25-12 1322 7.9 362 12.6 11.6 NA NA NA

06-25-13 1204 8.0 360 12.6 8.7 NA NA NA

USGS 105

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 1312 7.9 355 12.6 5.9 140 1.0 E 216

09-16-10 1324 7.9 357 12.8 6.7 136 1.9 E 213

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 1108 7.9 362 12.6 8.7 141 0.45 E 218

09-16-10 1154 7.9 362 12.8 8.8 144 0.90 E 218

09-16-10 1159 7.9 362 12.8 8.8 144 0.90 E 221 QAW-21

07-13-11 1036 7.4 360 12.9 8.8 NA NA NA

06-28-12 1447 7.9 364 12.7 7.8 NA NA NA

06-27-13 1228 8.1 362 12.9 7.5 NA NA NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 1452 8.0 368 12.9 7.6 140 3.1 E 220

09-15-10 1342 8.0 363 13.1 10.1 141 4.8 E 220

07-11-11 1426 8.0 371 13.1 8.2 NA NA NA

07-11-11 1431 8.0 371 13.1 8.2 NA NA NA QAW-27

06-28-12 1343 7.9 371 13.0 8.1 NA NA NA

06-27-13 1131 8.1 364 13.0 8.6 NA NA NA

Table 2. Field measurements of pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and 

sum of dissolved solids in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–13.—Continued

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Units: pH, negative base-10 logarithm of hydrogen ion activity in moles per liter; 

specific conductance, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; water temperature, degrees Celsius; dissolved oxygen, milligrams per liter; alkalinity, 

reported as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), in milligrams per liter; turbidity, nephlometric turbidity units. NS, not sampled. E, estimated; NA, not analyzed. 

Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM replicate sample. Values for replicates are the same measurement as the primary sample]
14 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well name Port 

depth Date Time pH Specific conductance

Water 

temperature

Dissolved

oxygen Alkalinity Turbidity

Dissolved 

solids, sum 

(as CaCO3)

Remarks

USGS 105—Continued

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 1246 8.0 361 12.9 8.4 142 3.3 E 221

09-17-09 1251 8.0 361 12.9 8.4 142 3.3 E 219 QAW-16

09-15-10 1200 7.9 359 13.0 9.6 140 0.50 E 218

07-11-11 1238 7.9 365 13.0 8.3 NA NA NA

06-28-12 1245 7.9 363 13.0 7.8 NA NA NA

06-28-12 1250 7.9 363 13.0 7.8 NA NA NA QAW-32

06-27-13 1039 8.0 363 12.5 8.6 NA NA NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-29 1534 8.0 359 12.4 9.2 142 0.75 E 216

09-15-10 1018 7.9 357 12.6 11.4 144 0.70 E 218

USGS 108

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 1234 7.8 352 12.5 7.8 130 3.0 E 214

06-23-11 1435 7.9 356 12.4 5.9 140 1.8 222

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 1028 7.7 383 13.1 9.4 148 1.6 E 231

06-23-11 1252 7.9 379 12.6 7.2 144 0.85 228

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 1542 8.1 404 13.1 7.5 152 2.5 E 238

06-23-11 1026 7.8 392 12.7 8.6 156 2.1 237

06-23-11 1031 7.8 392 12.7 8.6 156 2.1 238 QAW-24

06-26-12 1207 8.7 398 12.5 8.7 NA NA NA

06-26-13 1402 7.9 401 12.5 9.0 NA NA NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 1212 7.8 405 12.7 8.6 158 1.4 E 244

09-22-10 1217 7.8 405 12.7 8.6 158 1.4 E 244 QAW-22

06-22-11 1425 7.8 402 12.7 7.4 154 0.60 243

06-26-12 1417 8.6 409 12.6 7.3 NA NA NA

06-26-13 1303 7.9 410 12.6 8.5 NA NA NA

06-26-13 1308 7.9 410 12.6 8.5 NA NA NA QAW-39

Zone 1 1,172 09-20-10 1252 7.9 431 12.9 8.0 164 1.9 E 247

06-22-11 1105 7.5 408 12.9 9.4 163 1.0 246

06-26-12 1312 8.5 412 12.7 9.3 NA NA NA

06-26-13 1143 7.8 416 12.7 10.3 NA NA NA

USGS 131A

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 1455 7.6 375 11.5 7.5 140 2.9 E 222

07-17-13 1115 8.0 365 11.5 7.9 139 1.4 220

07-17-13 1120 8.0 365 11.5 7.9 139 1.4 224 QAW-41

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 1300 7.5 435 12.5 8.4 148 1.2 E 257

07-16-13 1513 7.9 435 12.4 8.7 148 0.40 255

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 1110 7.6 397 13.4 7.5 164 5.5 E 240

07-16-13 1355 8.0 401 13.4 8.4 161 9.6 239

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 1615 7.6 398 13.4 8.3 166 1.3 241

07-16-13 1224 8.0 399 13.4 8.7 167 1.5 NA

Table 2. Field measurements of pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and 

sum of dissolved solids in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–13.—Continued

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Units: pH, negative base-10 logarithm of hydrogen ion activity in moles per liter; 

specific conductance, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; water temperature, degrees Celsius; dissolved oxygen, milligrams per liter; alkalinity, 

reported as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), in milligrams per liter; turbidity, nephlometric turbidity units. NS, not sampled. E, estimated; NA, not analyzed. 

Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM replicate sample. Values for replicates are the same measurement as the primary sample]
Methods and Quality Assurance 15

Well name Port 

depth Date Time pH Specific conductance

Water 

temperature

Dissolved

oxygen Alkalinity Turbidity

Dissolved 

solids, sum 

(as CaCO3)

Remarks

USGS 132

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 1356 8.1 420 11.6 7.2 NA 0.35 NA

06-30-10 0938 8.0 409 11.6 6.9 NA 1.5 NA

07-06-11 1413 8.0 409 11.8 7.1 NA NA NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 1300 8.0 362 12.4 8.3 NA 1.0 NA

06-30-10 1608 8.1 357 12.4 7.7 NA 1.0 NA

07-06-11 1220 7.9 364 12.6 7.6 NA NA NA

06-19-12 1408 7.6 354 12.5 8.2 NA NA NA

06-19-13 1240 8.1 364 12.6 8.3 NA NA NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 1158 8.0 354 12.5 8.3 NA 1.7 NA

06-30-10 1515 8.1 351 12.5 6.8 NA 5.3 NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 1102 8.0 354 12.3 9.2 NA 0.65 NA

06-30-10 1422 8.1 355 12.3 7.4 NA 1.8 NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 1005 7.9 358 11.8 8.8 NA 2.7 NA

06-30-10 1324 8.0 353 11.7 9.4 NA 1.4 NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 1510 7.9 367 10.8 9.3 NA 0.75 NA

06-30-10 1205 8.0 366 10.6 8.8 NA 0.40 NA

USGS 133

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 1258 7.9 339 11.0 7.4 NA 0.85 NA

08-20-09 1303 7.9 339 11.0 7.4 NA 0.85 NA QAW-14

08-05-10 1428 7.9 330 11.8 7.0 NA 0.00 NA

08-05-10 1433 7.9 330 11.8 7.0 NA 0.00 NA QAW-19

06-27-11 1620 7.7 329 11.2 8.8 NA NA NA

06-21-12 0920 8.7 326 11.3 8.0 NA NA NA

06-21-12 0925 8.7 326 11.3 8.0 NA NA NA QAW-29

06-24-13 1447 8.1 327 11.2 9.0 NA NA NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 1104 7.9 357 11.4 9.3 NA 0.25 NA

08-05-10 1308 7.9 354 11.4 8.0 NA 0.00 NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 0955 7.8 354 11.8 9.4 NA 0.95 NA

08-05-10 1212 7.8 408 11.8 8.4 NA 0.00 NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 0858 7.9 442 12.2 9.3 NA 1.3 NA

08-05-10 1057 7.8 433 12.3 9.4 NA 0.10 NA

USGS 134

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 1250 8.0 315 12.9 9.1 NA 4.2 NA

06-22-10 1147 8.0 311 12.8 9.4 NA 0.40 NA

06-29-11 1540 8.0 315 13.1 9.8 NA NA NA

06-29-11 1545 8.0 315 13.1 9.8 NA NA NA QAW-26

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 0950 7.6 384 13.2 9.6 NA 1.0 NA

06-22-10 1034 7.7 372 13.2 6.6 NA 5.0 NA

06-29-11 1253 7.6 367 13.4 7.7 NA NA NA

Table 2. Field measurements of pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and 

sum of dissolved solids in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–13.—Continued

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Units: pH, negative base-10 logarithm of hydrogen ion activity in moles per liter; 

specific conductance, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; water temperature, degrees Celsius; dissolved oxygen, milligrams per liter; alkalinity, 

reported as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), in milligrams per liter; turbidity, nephlometric turbidity units. NS, not sampled. E, estimated; NA, not analyzed. 

Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM replicate sample. Values for replicates are the same measurement as the primary sample]
16 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well name Port 

depth Date Time pH Specific conductance

Water 

temperature

Dissolved

oxygen Alkalinity Turbidity

Dissolved 

solids, sum 

(as CaCO3)

Remarks

USGS 134—Continued

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 1125 8.0 303 13.6 11.9 NA 0.96 NA

06-21-10 1614 8.0 300 13.7 11.8 NA 5.4 NA

06-21-10 1619 8.0 300 13.7 11.8 NA 5.4 NA QAW-17

06-18-12 1244 7.8 298 14.0 13.5 NA NA NA

07-10-13 1118 7.8 304 13.8 10.6 NA NA NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 1455 7.9 329 14.2 9.2 NA 1.7 NA

06-21-10 1432 7.9 323 14.3 9.7 NA 4.6 NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 1320 7.2 392 14.6 9.7 NA 2.2 NA

06-21-10 1316 7.2 423 14.6 8.4 NA 4.4 NA

USGS 135

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 1620 8.0 331 11.5 6.7 137 0.66 E 197 

09-14-10 1230 7.9 330 11.6 6.6 136 0.40 E 196 

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 1340 7.8 321 11.5 8.2 132 13 E 192 

09-14-10 1052 7.7 291 11.6 10.3 116 1.7 E 178 

07-07-11 1156 7.8 292 11.7 8.4 NA NA NA

06-21-12 1337 8.8 294 11.5 8.1 NA NA NA

06-24-13 1123 8.0 290 11.5 8.7 NA NA NA

06-24-13 1128 8.0 290 11.5 8.7 NA NA NA QAW-40

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 1155 7.8 330 11.5 12.0 138 2.7 E 200 

09-13-10 1450 7.8 325 11.6 11.3 140 1.2 E 199 

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 1614 7.8 326 11.6 10.5 130 1.6 E 191 

09-13-10 1308 7.7 319 11.9 10.3 136 0.90 E 192 

USGS 137A

Zone 5 662 10-24-12 1124 7.7 364 12.8 7.5 143 1.4 E 222

07-15-13 1508 8.1 367 12.8 7.6 142 0.65 229

Zone 4 747 10-23-12 1606 7.7 355 12.8 8.3 142 2.8 222

07-15-13 1348 8.1 362 12.8 8.6 142 2.9 220

Zone 3 841 10-23-12 1423 7.7 355 12.6 8.5 142 1.7 218

07-15-13 1227 8.1 360 12.7 8.9 145 5.1 222

Zone 1 876 10-23-12 1218 7.6 354 12.7 10.5 145 0.61 E 221 

07-15-13 1102 8.1 358 12.9 8.6 144 0.58 221

Table 2. Field measurements of pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and 

sum of dissolved solids in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–13.—Continued

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Units: pH, negative base-10 logarithm of hydrogen ion activity in moles per liter; 

specific conductance, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; water temperature, degrees Celsius; dissolved oxygen, milligrams per liter; alkalinity, 

reported as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), in milligrams per liter; turbidity, nephlometric turbidity units. NS, not sampled. E, estimated; NA, not analyzed. 

Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM replicate sample. Values for replicates are the same measurement as the primary sample]
Methods and Quality Assurance 17

Field processing of samples differed depending on the 

constituents for which analyses were requested. Samples 

analyzed by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory 

(NWQL) were placed in containers and preserved in 

accordance with laboratory requirements specified by Timme 

(1995) and Knobel and others (2008, app. A). Containers and 

preservatives used for this study were supplied by the NWQL 

and had undergone a rigorous quality-control procedure (Pritt, 

1989, p. 75) to minimize sample contamination. Samples 

requiring filtration consisted of filtering the water through a 

disposable 0.45-μm filter cartridge that had been pre-rinsed 

with at least 1 L of deionized water. Constituent concentrations 

obtained from analysis of the 0.45-μm filtrate are referred to 

as “dissolved” concentrations in this report. Samples analyzed 

by the Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory 

(RESL) at the INL were placed in containers and preserved in 

accordance with laboratory requirements specified by Bodnar 

and Percival (1982) and Knobel and others (2008, app. A).

Analytical Methods

Analytical methods used by the USGS NWQL for 

selected organic, inorganic, and radionuclide constituents 

are described by Goerlitz and Brown (1972), Thatcher and 

others (1977), Wershaw and others (1987), Fishman and 

Friedman (1989), Faires (1993), Fishman (1993), Rose 

and Schroeder (1995), and McCurdy and others (2008). A 

discussion of procedures used by the DOE RESL for the 

analysis of radionuclides in water is provided by Bodnar and 

Percival (1982), Sill and Sill (1994), and U.S. Department of 

Energy (1995). 

Guidelines for Interpretation of 

Analytical Results 

Concentrations of radionuclides are reported with an 

estimated sample standard deviation, s, which is obtained by 

propagating sources of analytical uncertainty in measurements. 

McCurdy and others (2008) provide details on interpreting 

radiological data used by the USGS. The guidelines for 

interpreting analytical results are based on an extension of a 

method proposed by Currie (1984) and discussed in Davis 

and others (2013). In this report, radionuclide concentrations 

less than 3s are considered to be less than a “reporting 

level.” The reporting level should not be confused with the 

analytical method detection limit (MDL), which is based on 

laboratory procedures. 

Concentrations of inorganic and organic constituents 

are reported with reference to long term method detection 

levels (LT-MDL), laboratory report levels (LRL), and interim 

reporting levels (IRLs), or with reference to minimum 

reporting levels (MRLs). Childress and others (1999) provide 

details about the approach used by the USGS regarding 

detection levels and reporting levels. USGS Office of Water 

Quality Technical Memorandum 2010.07 (U.S. Geological 

Survey, 2010) outlines changes to data reporting by the 

NWQL for the inorganic and organic constituents. The 

primary change was that the reporting level for most inorganic 

constituents was set at the LT-MDL. The method detection 

limit is the minimum concentration of a substance that 

can be measured and reported with 99-percent confidence 

that the concentration is greater than zero. The LRL is 

the concentration at which the false negative error rate is 

minimized to be no more than 1 percent of the reported results. 

The MRL uses a censor-limit based reporting level below 

which no data are reported and is set at a concentration greater 

than the detection limit of the analyte. The LRL generally 

is equal to twice the yearly determined LT-MDL, which is a 

detection level derived by determining the standard deviation 

of a minimum of 24 MDL spike-sample measurements over 

an extended time. These reporting levels may be described 

as preliminary IRLs for a developmental method if the levels 

have been based on a small number of analytical results. These 

levels also may vary from sample to sample for the same 

constituent and the same method, if matrix effects or other 

factors arise that interfere with the analysis. Concentrations 

measured between the LT-MDL and the LRL may be described 

as estimated values and are considered a “qualitatively 

detected analyte” (Childress and others, 1999, p. 7). For most 

of the constituents in this report, concentrations generally 

are greater than the LT-MDLs, LRLs, or MRLs, but some 

concentrations are given as less than the LT-MDL or LRL, and 

some concentrations are estimated. 

As a matter of convention, concentrations of stable 

isotopes are reported as relative isotopic ratios (Toran, 1982). 

Knobel and others (1999) described stable-isotope data in 

more detail. 

Quality Assurance/Quality Control 

The overall quality-assurance (QA) and detailed 

descriptions of internal quality-control (QC) practices used by 

the NWQL are provided by Friedman and Erdmann (1982), 

Jones (1987), and Pritt and Raese (1995). The overall QA 

and detailed descriptions of internal QC practices used by 

the RESL are provided in Bodnar and Percival (1982) and 

U.S. Department of Energy (1995). Water samples were 

collected in accordance with a quality assurance plan for 

quality-of-water activities conducted by personnel assigned 

to the USGS INL project office; the plan was revised in 2008 

(Knobel and others, 2008). Additional quality assurance 

was assessed with QC replicates, blanks, and samples 

of water used in the drilling and WestbayTM installation 

process. Fifteen QC replicate samples were collected during 

2009–13; 5 equipment blanks were collected at wells USGS 

133 (QAW-13), USGS 132 (QAW-20 and 28), USGS 108 

(QAW-31), and USGS 134 (QAW-38) and consisted of 

inorganic and organic-free water obtained from the NWQL. 

Two field blanks were collected at sites USGS 134 (QAW‐38) 

and USGS 135 (QAW-30). Concentrations of major ions 
18 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

and metals in equipment blank samples were nearly equal to 

or less than the reporting levels, suggesting no background 

contamination from field equipment or source water. 

The statistical equivalency of radiochemical-constituent 

concentrations in sample replicate pairs was determined 

following a method defined by Volk (1969) and described in 

more detail by Williams (1996). In this method, statistical 

equivalence is determined within a specified confidence level. 

A value for the standard deviate, Z, is calculated, and then the 

level of significance of the result is evaluated (evaluation of 

the level of significance assumes that the sample population 

is distributed normally). For this report, concentrations of 

individual constituents in sample pairs (constituent pairs) were 

considered to be equivalent when the results were within two 

standard deviations of each other. At this confidence level 

(95-percent), the level of significance, determined from a 

standard normal probability curve, was 0.05 for a two-tailed 

test, and it corresponded to a Z-value of 1.96.

The equation used to determine Z was adapted from 

Volk (1969):

Z x y

s s x y

= −

( ) + ( ) 2 2 (1)

where

x is the concentration of a constituent in the 

routine sample,

y is the concentration of the same constituent in 

the sequential replicate sample, 

sx is the standard deviation of x, and 

sy is the standard deviation of y.

When the population is not distributed normally, which 

is often the case with radiochemical results (L. DeWayne 

Cecil, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., January 4, 

2009), or an approximation of the standard deviation is used, 

a Z-value less than 1.96 must be considered as a guide when 

testing for equivalence. Constituent concentrations in sample 

pairs were considered to be statistically equivalent when the 

calculated Z-value was less than or equal to 1.96. 

The use of equation 1 is a guide for determining if the 

results of radionuclide analyses of a replicate pair of samples 

were equivalent. The results and reported standard deviations 

for the analyses of replicate pairs and the Z-values are shown 

in tables 7–9 (at back of report). Z-values were less than 

1.96 for 100 of the 104 replicate pairs (96 percent) and can 

be considered statistically equivalent. Two replicate pairs for 

gross alpha (QAW-19, QAW-40, table 7) and two replicate 

pairs for gross beta (QAW-17 and QAW-24, table 7) were not 

considered equivalent with this statistical test.

If the uncertainty of the result is not readily available, 

which is often the case for most of the inorganic and organic 

constituents, the relative percent difference (RPD) can be 

used to compare equivalency of replicate pairs. The RPD is 

calculated based on the formula:

RPD = ((ABS(X1-X2))/((X1+X2)/2)) * 100 (2)

where

RPD is the relative percent difference,

ABS is the absolute value,

X1 is the result for primary environmental 

sample, and

X2 is the result for field-replicate sample.

A typical data-quality objective for field-replicate 

samples is a maximum RPD of 20 percent (Taylor, 1987). 

Using equation 2, RPDs were less than 20 percent for 264 out 

of the 276 samples (96 percent), and can be considered 

statistically equivalent using this statistical test. One replicate 

pair each for total organic carbon, aluminum, iron, lead, and 

zinc; two replicate pairs for antimony and manganese; and 

three replicate pairs for cobalt were not in statistical agreement 

using this test (tables 4–6, at back of report). Results from 

the NWQL Blind Sample Program using double-blind, 

quality-control samples indicated that the laboratory had 

some bias and higher than expected variability for aluminum, 

cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc at some time during 

the sample periods for these analyses (USGS Inorganic Blind 

Sample Project, accessed March 12, 2014, at http://bqs.usgs.

gov/ibsp/qadata.shtml). Results of replicate samples generally 

indicated that the sample collection and laboratory procedures 

used were appropriate for the data obtained. 

Water Chemistry of Recharge to the 

Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer

Several sources recharge water to the ESRP aquifer at 

the INL and an understanding of the chemical composition of 

these water sources is needed to help validate interpretations 

of groundwater flow based on groundwater model predictions. 

Ackerman and others (2010) modeled the ESRP aquifer at 

the INL as consisting of various amounts of inflow from 

sources and Fisher and others (2012, table 1) revised model 

input sources to include: precipitation recharge (3.3 percent); 

streamflow infiltration (7.1 percent); industrial wastewater 

return (0.3 percent); irrigation infiltration (1.0 percent); 

underflow from the Big Lost River (17.1 percent), Little Lost 

River (10.5 percent), and Birch Creek (2.9 percent) drainage 

basins; and underflow from the ESRP aquifer northeast of 

the INL (57.8 percent). Groundwater upwelling from below 

the base of the ESRP aquifer also probably occurs, but was 

considered small and insignificant and modeled as a no-flow 

boundary (Ackerman and others, 2010, p. 26). 

Fisher and others (2012) compared model estimates 

with source area chemistry and groundwater velocities and 

determined that the eastern movement of tributary valley 

underflow and stream-infiltration recharge is overestimated in 

the north-central part of the model area and underestimated 

in the central part of the model. Fisher and others (2012) also 
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 19

compared model results to a 5 μg/L lithium concentration line 

that was interpreted to represent the transition from a water 

type that is primarily composed of tributary valley underflow 

and streamflow-infiltration recharge to a water type composed 

of regional aquifer water. Of the 11 wells sampled for this 

study, all but USGS 103 are in the area modeled by Fisher 

and others (2012) to be composed of tributary underflow 

and streamflow infiltration recharge; USGS 103 shows both 

water types. 

Several studies have described the water chemistry 

at the INL, and appendix A lists chemical concentrations 

from some of the studies for possible source waters that 

eventually recharge the ESRP aquifer following geochemical 

processes that may occur. Knobel and others (1997) indicate 

that most of the water chemistry from wells at the INL are a 

calcium-magnesium bicarbonate water type. Anion and cation 

concentrations in precipitation samples generally are very 

small; chemical concentrations at three different locations in 

the southwestern part of the INL are shown in appendix A.

Chemical concentrations in water from the Big Lost 

River, Little Lost River, and Birch Creek at and near the 

INL are shown in appendix A. The concentrations indicate 

variable chemical input from the rivers depending on the time 

of year sampled and the location. Most flow in the Big Lost 

River at the INL probably comes from runoff events because 

flow does not occur on the site except during years of high 

discharge for the river (Davis and others, 2013, fig. 8), and 

the chemistry of the water probably is best represented by 

water from the Big Lost River below the INEL diversion and 

near NRF (appendix A). Flow from the Little Lost River and 

Birch Creek generally infiltrates near the site boundaries and 

water chemistry is probably best represented by their most 

downstream reach (Little Lost River near Howe and Birch 

Creek at Blue Dome, appendix A).

Wastewater chemistry consists of the chemistry 

of the water from the production wells along with the 

additive concentrations of sodium, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, 

purgeable organic compounds, tritium, strontium-90, and 

other radionuclides that were discharged during the history 

of wastewater disposal at the INL. Robertson and others 

(1974), Orr and others (1991), and Knobel and others (1992) 

estimated background concentrations believed to be unaffected 

by wastewater. The three primary facilities that discharged 

wastewater that probably is affecting the multilevel monitoring 

wells sampled in this study are the NRF, the INTEC, and the 

ATR Complex. The chemistry of some of the production wells 

(CPP-1, NRF-2, TRA-1, and TRA-2) at these three facilities is 

shown in appendix A. 

Fisher and others (2012) estimated that underflow 

from the tributary valleys contributed most of the recharge 

to the northwest boundary of the INL groundwater-flow 

model. Carkeet and others (2001) determined that two wells 

farthest downgradient in the Big Lost River system could be 

chemically modeled from upgradient wells, and that the water 

chemistry of both wells could be used to represent shallower 

(Owen well) and deeper (Arco City well) underflow water 

from the Big Lost River system (appendix A). Swanson and 

others (2002) indicated that several wells in the Little Lost 

River system were highly influenced by agricultural practices. 

The farthest downgradient well that could be modeled from 

wells upgradient was the Harrell well (appendix A). Although 

Swanson and others (2002) concluded that more wells 

were needed to fully characterize the natural geochemistry 

of the Little Lost River system, the Harrell well probably 

best represents the chemistry of the underflow from all the 

wells that have been sampled in the Little Lost River Basin. 

Swanson and others (2003) indicated that water chemistry 

from well USGS 126B (appendix A) best represents the 

chemistry of water recharging the ESRP aquifer as underflow 

from the Birch Creek valley. 

Concentrations of Chemical 

Constituents in Groundwater

Cations, Anions, and Silica

Water samples were analyzed for concentrations 

of dissolved cations (calcium, magnesium, sodium, and 

potassium), dissolved silica, and dissolved anions (chloride, 

sulfate, and fluoride) by the NWQL for five new MLMS wells 

installed since 2008 (USGS 105, 108, 131A, 135, and 137A) 

(tables 3 and 4, at back of report). Bicarbonate concentrations 

(table 4) were calculated from field alkalinity measurements 

(table 2) according to Hem (1989, p. 57). Complete water 

chemistry for all the six older MLMS wells (Middle 2050A, 

Middle 2051, USGS 103, 132, 133, and 134) was presented 

in Bartholomay and Twining (2010). Water chemistry for the 

six older wells for selected zones and selected constituents for 

data collected during 2009–13 are presented in tables 3–9. 

Well USGS 105.—Cation and anion concentrations for 

USGS 105 indicated a calcium plus magnesium-bicarbonate 

water type for all five zones (fig. 5). A water type is considered 

calcium plus magnesium bicarbonate when calcium plus 

magnesium make up greater than 50 percent of the cations 

(calcium generally predominates over magnesium), and 

bicarbonate makes up greater than 50 percent of the anions 

(Knobel and others, 1998). Figure 6 shows that all five 

zones had similar cation and anion water chemistry and the 

concentrations of chloride, sodium, and sulfate were near 

their estimated background concentrations of 10–15 mg/L 

for sodium and chloride, and around 20 mg/L for sulfate 

(Robertson and others, 1974). Water in all zones from this well 

probably represents mostly natural geochemical processes 

with only minimal effect from waste disposal. 
20 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

tac14-0957_fig05

0

20

0

20

0

40

40

20

40

60

60

80

60

80

100

100

0

40

20

60

80

100

100

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

0

20

0

20

0

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

100

80

100

0

40

60

80

100

80

100

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

100

80

100

60

60

40

40

20

0

20

0

Percentage reacting values, in millequivalents per liter

Well USGS 105

EXPLANATION

Zone 13

Zone 11

Zone 8

Zone 5

Zone 2

Figure 5. Average major-ion composition of water from well USGS 105, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–10.
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 21

tac14-0957_fig06

Well USGS 105

13

(728)

11

(851)

8

(952)

5

(1,072)

2

(1,242)

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 150 155 160 165 170 175

Zone number and depth, in feet below land surface (depth not to scale)

Potassium

Nitrate

Fluoride

Milligrams per liter

Sodium

Silica

Chloride

Magnesium

Sulfate

Calcium Bicarbonate

EXPLANATION EXPLANATION EXPLANATION

Figure 6. Average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well USGS 105, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–10.
22 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Figure 7. Average major-ion composition of water from well USGS 108, Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho, 2010–11.

Well USGS 108

20

0

20

0

20

0

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

100

80

100

20

0

40

60

80

100

100

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

0

20

0

20

0

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

100

80

100

20

0

40

60

80

100

80

100

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

100

80

100

60

60

40

40

20

0

20

0

EXPLANATION

Zone 11

Zone 9

Zone 7

Zone 4

Zone 1

Percentage of reacting values, in milliequivalents per liter

Well USGS 108.—Cation and anion concentrations for 

USGS 108 indicated a calcium plus magnesium bicarbonate 

water type for all five zones (fig. 7). Sodium and fluoride 

concentrations were slightly larger and calcium, magnesium, 

and chloride were slightly smaller in the zone of water in the 

upper part of the aquifer (zone 11, port depth 661 ft BLS) 

than in the other four zones of water (fig. 8). The water 

chemistry in the other four zones was similar in composition; 

however, calcium and bicarbonate show a pattern of increased 

concentration with depth (fig. 8). 
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 23

Figure 8. Average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well USGS 108, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2010–11.

tac14-0957_fig 08

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Milligrams per liter

Well USGS 108 

Zone number and depth, in feet below land surface (depth not to scale)

11

(661)

9

(809)

7

(888)

4

(1,029)

1

(1,172)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200

EXPLANATION

Bicarbonate

Sodium

Silica

Chloride

Magnesium

Sulfate

Calcium

EXPLANATION

Potassium

Nitrate

Fluoride

EXPLANATION
24 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well USGS 131A.—Cation and anion concentrations for 

USGS 131A indicated a calcium plus magnesium-bicarbonate 

water type (fig. 9) for all four zones; however, zone 8 is 

more enriched with calcium, chloride, nitrate, potassium, and 

sulfate (fig. 10) than the other zones. The elevated chloride, 

nitrate, and sulfate concentrations indicate more affect from 

wastewater disposal practices upgradient than water in the 

other zones. Average calcium (44.3 mg/L) and magnesium 

(15.3 mg/L) concentrations in the upper zone (zone 12) 

were less than in the other three zones combined (49.8 and 

18.0 mg/L, respectively) (fig. 10). The chloride concentration 

in zone 12 was greater than the concentrations in the two 

deepest zones (table 4, fig. 10). Bicarbonate concentrations 

increased with depth (fig. 10). 

Well USGS 131A

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

EXPLANATION

Zone 12

Zone 8

Zone 5

Zone 3

Percentage of reacting values, in millequivalents per liter

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

100

100

0

0

Figure 9. Average major-ion composition of water from well USGS 131A, Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho, 2012–13.
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 25

tac14-0957_fig 10 Zone number and depth, in feet below land surface (depth not to scale)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 205

3

(1,137)

5

(981)

8

(812)

12

(616)

Well USGS 131A

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Milligrams per liter

EXPLANATION

Potassium Bicarbonate

Nitrate

Fluoride

Sodium

Silica

Chloride

Magnesium

Sulfate

Calcium

EXPLANATION EXPLANATION

Figure 10. Average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well USGS 131A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2012–13.
26 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well USGS 135.—Cation and anion concentrations 

for USGS 135 indicated a calcium plus magnesiumbicarbonate water type for all four zones (fig. 11). All four 

zones (fig. 12) had similar cation and anion water chemistry 

and the concentrations of chloride, sodium, and sulfate 

have concentrations less than their estimated background 

concentrations of 10–15 mg/L for sodium and chloride, and 

about 20 mg/L for sulfate (Robertson and others, 1974). The 

concentrations of cations and anions in this well probably 

represent natural geochemical processes with no affect from 

waste disposal. 

0

20

0

20

0

40

40

20

40

60

60

80

60

80

100

100

0

40

20

60

80

100

100

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

0

20

0

20

0

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

100

80

100

20

0

40

60

80

100

80

100

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

100

80

100

60

60

40

40

20

0

20

0

Percentage reacting values, in millequivalents per liter

Well USGS 135

EXPLANATION

Zone 10

Zone 7

Zone 4

Zone 1

Figure 11. Average major-ion composition of water from well USGS 135, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–2010.
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 27

Figure 12. Average concentrations of selected ions and silica from well USGS 135, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 

2009–10.

tac14-0957_fig12

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 150 155 160 165 170 175

Milligrams per liter

Well USGS 135

10

(738)

7

(837)

4

(988)

1

(1,116)

Zone number and depth, in feet below land surface (depth not to scale)

Potassium

Nitrate

Fluoride

Sodium

Silica

Chloride

Magnesium

Sulfate

Calcium Bicarbonate

EXPLANATION EXPLANATION EXPLANATION
28 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well USGS 137A.—Cation and anion concentrations for 

USGS 137A indicated a calcium plus magnesium-bicarbonate 

water type for all four zones (fig. 13). Concentrations of all 

the cations were similar in all four zones. Average chloride 

concentrations in samples from the upper zone were slightly 

higher (14.0 mg/L) than the other three zones combined 

(11.6 mg/L) (fig. 14), and Bartholomay (2013) attributed 

the higher chloride concentrations in the upper zone to more 

influence of wastewater disposal from INTEC than in the 

other zones.

Well USGS 137A

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

Percentage of reacting values, in milliequivalents per liter

EXPLANATION

Zone 5

Zone 4

Zone 3

Zone 1

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

100

100

0

0

Figure 13. Average major-ion composition of water from well USGS 137A, Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho, 2012–13.
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 29

Figure 14. Average concentrations of selected ions and silica in water from well USGS 137A, Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho, 2012–13.

tac14-0957_fig 14

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

 Well USGS 137A

Milligrams per liter

Zone number and depth, in feet below land surface (depth not to scale)

1

(876)

3

(841)

4

(747)

5

(662)

165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200

Potassium

Nitrate

Fluoride

Sodium

Silica

Chloride

Magnesium

Sulfate

Calcium Bicarbonate

EXPLANATION EXPLANATION EXPLANATION
30 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Selected Inorganic Constituents

Water samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved 

concentrations of aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, 

beryllium, bromide, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, 

iron, lead, lithium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, 

selenium, silver, strontium, thallium, tungsten, uranium, 

vanadium, and zinc at the NWQL for five of the newer MLMS 

(USGS 105, 108, 131A, 135, 137A) (table 5, at back of 

report). Additionally, some data for selected constituents is 

also given in table 5 for wells Middle 2050A, Middle 2051, 

USGS 103, 132, 133, and 134. 

Well USGS 105.—Most of the concentrations of minor 

inorganic constituents were similar in all five zones in USGS 

105 (table 5). Average concentrations from all sample periods 

of chromium were smaller in the upper zone of the aquifer 

(zone 13, 5.7 μg/L) than in the other four zones (7.5 μg/L). 

Concentrations of manganese were larger in the upper zone 

compared with the other zones (table 5). 

Well USGS 108.—Most of the concentrations of minor 

inorganic constituents were similar in all five zones in 

USGS 108 (table 5). Average concentrations of chromium 

and strontium were smaller in the upper zone of the aquifer 

(zone 11, 1.94, and 194 μg/L, respectively) than in the other 

four zones combined (5.6 and 221 μg/L, respectively). Barium 

concentrations were smaller in zones 11 and 9 than in the 

other zones. Iron concentrations were larger in zone 11 than in 

the other zones. Manganese concentrations were larger in the 

upper (zone 11) and lower (zone 1) zones than in the rest of 

the aquifer. Vanadium was smaller in the deepest zone (zone 

1) than in the other zones (table 5). 

Well USGS 131A.—Most of the concentrations of 

minor inorganic constituents were similar in all four zones 

in USGS 131A (table 5). Concentrations of aluminum were 

lower and concentrations of chromium were higher in the 

upper two zones (zone 12 and 8) than the two deepest zones 

(zones 5 and 3). Strontium was higher in zone 8 than in the 

other zones. Tungsten was higher in zone 12 than in the other 

zones (table 5). 

Well USGS 135.—Most of the concentrations of minor 

inorganic constituents were similar in all four zones in USGS 

135 (table 5). The concentration of aluminum in the upper part 

of the aquifer (zone 10) was larger than in the other zones. 

Strontium was lower in zone 7 than in the other zones. 

Well USGS 137A.—Almost all of the concentrations of 

minor inorganic constituents were similar in all four zones 

in USGS 137A (table 5). Tungsten was slightly larger in the 

deepest zone (zone 1) than in the other zones. 

Nutrients

Water samples were collected and analyzed at the NWQL 

for dissolved concentrations of ammonia as nitrogen, nitrite as 

nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen, and orthophosphate as 

phosphorus for all 11 wells (table 6, at back of report). 

Well Middle 2050A.—Nutrient concentrations in various 

zones stayed consistent with concentrations from earlier 

sampling by Bartholomay and Twining (2010). Concentrations 

of ammonia as nitrogen were larger in samples collected from 

the deepest zone (zone 3, port depth 1,180 ft BLS) than in the 

other zones (table 6). Average nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen 

concentrations were smaller in zone 3 (<0.04 mg/L) and 

zone 12 (0.394 mg/L) than in the other three zones combined 

(average of 0.859 mg/L) (table 6). 

Well Middle 2051.—Nutrient concentrations in various 

zones stayed consistent with concentrations from earlier 

sampling by Bartholomay and Twining (2010). Concentrations 

of most nutrients were similar in all five zones in Middle 

2051, with the exception of nitrite plus nitrate in the upper 

zone. Average nitrite plus nitrate concentrations in the upper 

part of the aquifer (zone 12, port depth 603 ft BLS) were 

smaller (0.374 mg/L) than in the other four zones combined 

(0.873 mg/L) (table 6). 

Well USGS 103.—Nutrient concentrations in various 

zones stayed consistent with concentrations from earlier 

sampling by Bartholomay and Twining (2010). Concentrations 

of most nutrients were similar in the six deepest zones. 

Concentrations of ammonia were larger and nitrite plus nitrate 

and orthophosphate were smaller in the upper part of the 

aquifer (zone 17) than in the other six zones (table 6). 

Well USGS 105.—Concentrations of most of 

the nutrients were similar in all five zones (table 6). 

Concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate were slightly smaller in 

the upper and lower zones (13 and 2) (average concentration 

of 0.641 mg/L) than in the three middle zones (average 

concentration of 0.738 mg/L) (table 6).

Well USGS 108.—Concentrations of most of 

the nutrients were similar in all five zones (table 6). 

Concentrations of nitrite were larger in the deepest zone 

(zone 1) and concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate in the upper 

zone (zone 11) were smaller than concentrations in the other 

zones (table 6). 

Well USGS 131A.—Concentrations of most of the 

nutrients were similar in all four zones (table 6). Nitrite 

plus nitrate in the upper zone (zone 12) were smaller and 

concentrations in zone 8 were larger than in the two lowest 

zones (table 6). 

Well USGS 132.—Nutrient concentrations in various 

zones stayed consistent with concentrations from earlier 

sampling by Bartholomay and Twining (2010). Concentrations 

of most of the nutrients were similar in all six zones in 

USGS 132 (table 6). Average concentrations of nitrite 

plus nitrate were slightly larger (0.875 mg/L) in the upper 

part of the aquifer (zone 17) than in the other five zones 

(0.707 mg/L (table 6). 

Well USGS 133.—Nutrient concentrations in various 

zones stayed consistent with concentrations from earlier 

sampling by Bartholomay and Twining (2010). Concentrations 

of most of the nutrients were similar in all four zones in 

USGS 133 (table 6). Orthophosphate concentrations were 
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 31

smaller in the zone of water in the upper part of the aquifer 

(zone 10, port depth 469 ft BLS) than in the other three zones. 

Nitrite plus nitrate concentrations were larger in the deepest 

zone (zone 1) than the other three zones (table 6). 

Well USGS 134.—Nutrient concentrations in various 

zones stayed consistent with concentrations from earlier 

sampling by Bartholomay and Twining (2010).The nutrient 

concentrations were variable between some of the zones for 

orthophosphate. Orthophosphate concentrations were elevated 

in most samples because a phosphoric-acid solution was used 

to clean bacterial buildup in the well; therefore, the data are 

not representative of natural aquifer conditions. Nitrite plus 

nitrate concentrations were smaller in zones 3 (port depths 

847) and 9 (port depth 706 ft BLS) than in zones 6, 12, and 

15 (table 6). 

Well USGS 135.—Concentrations of most of the 

nutrients were similar in all four zones (table 6). Nitrite plus 

nitrate in the zone 7 (port depth 837 ft BLS) were smaller than 

in the other three zones (table 6). 

Well USGS 137A.—Concentrations of all the nutrients 

were similar in all four zones (table 6). 

Total Organic Carbon

Water samples were collected and analyzed at the NWQL 

for concentrations of total organic carbon through the 2011 

sample season when sampling was discontinued because of 

poor reproducibility and cuts to program funding (table 6). 

Concentrations varied between each zone sampled and 

between each well. Well name and range-zone summary of 

total organic carbon, in milligrams per liter, for data from 2009 

to 2011 follows:

Well Range

Middle 2050A <0.6 in zone 15 to 1.87 in zone 3

Middle 2051 <0.3 in zones 6 and 9 to 0.505 in zone 1

USGS103

USGS 105

USGS 108

<0.3 in several zones to 1.6 in zone 9

0.350E in zone 8 to 1.02E in zone 2

<0.3 in zone 4 to 0.688 in zone 1

USGS 132 <0.3 in zone 14 to 1.56 in zone 5

USGS 133 <0.3 mg/L in zone 10 to 0.977 in zone 7

USGS 134

USGS 135

0.307E in zone 15 to 1.26 in zone 9

<0.3 in zone 7 to 0.607 in zone 10

Gross Alpha- and Gross Beta-Particle 

Radioactivity

Water samples were collected and analyzed at the RESL 

for concentrations of gross alpha- and gross beta-particle 

radioactivity (table 7). Gross alpha- and beta-particle 

radioactivity is a measure of the total radioactivity given 

off as alpha and beta particles during the radioactive decay 

process. For convenience, laboratories report the radioactivity 

as if it were given off by one radionuclide. Radioactive decay 

of particles occurs from the decay of the natural elements 

in aquifer materials and the decay of radioactive particles in 

wastewater. In 2008, the RESL increased the sensitivity of 

the analyses for gross alpha- and gross-beta radioactivity, 

and they also switched the radionuclide reported from 

plutonium-239 to thorium-230 for gross alpha and from 

cesium-137 to strontium-90/yttrium-90 for gross beta (Guy 

Backstrom, U.S. Department of Energy, written commun., 

July 8, 2009). The minimum detectable activity went from 

about 1.6 to 1.5 pCi/L for gross alpha and from about 6.4 to 

3.4 pCi/L for gross beta (Guy Backstrom, U.S. Department 

of Energy, written commun., July 7, 2009). The increased 

sensitivity allowed for increased detectable concentrations for 

the 2009–13 data.

Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity for 

all but eight samples collected and analyzed during 2009–13 

were less than the reporting level, the concentrations greater 

than the reporting level were not specific to any well or any 

zone in any well. The positive results for the eight samples 

may be due to statistical fluctuations because the data are 

close to the reporting levels of 3s. Concentrations for gross 

beta-particle radioactivity were greater than the reporting level 

for most of the samples collected in 2009–13 (table 7). The 

increase in detectable concentrations is probably due to the 

increase in the sensitivity of the analyses because most of the 

concentrations were less than the reporting level in 2005–07 

data (Bartholomay and Twining 2010). 

Strontium-90

Strontium-90 does not occur naturally, with the exception 

of natural reactors, such as Oklo, in which nuclear fission 

reactions have occurred in a uranium-enriched deposit 

(Kuroda, 1982, p. 48–49; Durrance, 1986, p. 90). This 

radionuclide is present in groundwater as a fission product of 

nuclear-weapons tests and as a result of disposal practices in 

the nuclear industry (Orr and others, 1991). Water samples 

were analyzed for concentrations of strontium-90 at the RESL 

in five wells that were installed during 2009–13 (USGS 105, 

108, 131A, 135, and 137A). Concentrations were less than the 

reporting level for all samples (table 7). Strontium-90 has the 

chemical affinity to exchange with sediment in the unsaturated 

zone and in the aquifer, and historically has not moved much 

past INTEC (Davis and others, 2013), which is probably the 

reason it is not detected in these wells. 

Tritium

Tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, is formed 

in nature by interactions of cosmic rays with gases in the 

upper atmosphere. Tritium also is produced in thermonuclear 

detonations and is a waste product of the nuclear-power 

industry (Orr and others, 1991). Tritium has been the 
32 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

predominant radioactive constituent discharged in wastewater 

at the INL and about 31,810 Ci of tritium was discharged 

in wastewater to ponds and wells at the ATR Complex 

and INTEC from 1952 through 2000 (Davis, 2006). Water 

samples were collected and analyzed for concentrations 

of tritium at the RESL; samples also were analyzed at the 

USGS Menlo Park Research Laboratory (Menlo Park) using 

a lower MDL during the second year of sampling for the 

five new wells installed between 2009 and 2012. The MDL 

for tritium analyzed at the RESL is about 200 pCi/L, and 

the MDL for tritium analyzed at Menlo Park is 5.7 pCi/L. 

Background concentrations of tritium assumed to not 

be influenced by wastewater disposal were estimated to 

be between 75 and 150 pCi/L by Orr and others (1991). 

Background concentrations for groundwater estimated by 

Knobel and others (1992) from mean data downgradient from 

the INL were considered to be between about 0 and 40 pCi/L. 

Given that these background concentrations were estimated 

from data in the late 1980s, it seems reasonable to assume 

concentrations above 75 pCi/L probably have some influence 

from wastewater disposal.

Well USGS 105.—Tritium concentrations in samples 

collected from 2009 to 2013 from three zones of water in the 

middle part of the aquifer (zones 5, 8, and 11) were mostly 

greater than the reporting level of three times the sample 

standard deviation when analyzed at the RESL (table 7). 

One sample from the deepest zone (zone 2) was greater than 

the reporting level, but the other sample was less than the 

reporting level. Concentrations were less than the reporting 

level for both samples from the upper zone (zone 13) analyzed 

by the RESL. Tritium analyzed at Menlo Park indicated larger 

concentrations in the four upper zones than in the deepest zone 

(fig. 15). Based on Menlo Park results, the four upper zones all 

had concentrations greater than background and are probably 

influenced by wastewater disposal at the INL. 

Well USGS 108.—Tritium concentrations in samples 

collected during 2009–13 from three zones (zones 1, 4, and 9) 

had one sample each greater than the reporting level of three 

times the sample standard deviation when analyzed at the 

RESL; all the other samples were less than the reporting level 

(table 7). Tritium analyzed at Menlo Park indicated the largest 

concentration was in zone 9 (809 ft BLS) (119±3 pCi/L) 

(fig. 15), and all the concentrations were within the range of 

the background concentrations of 75–150 pCi/L. 

Well USGS 131A.—Tritium concentrations were larger 

in the two upper zones of the aquifer than in the two lower 

zones (fig. 15, table 7). Concentrations were greater than 

the reporting level for all samples collected in the upper two 

zones (zones 8 and 12); these zones are influenced by recharge 

from wastewater disposal. The samples analyzed at Menlo 

Park for the two deeper zones indicate concentrations are 

near or slightly below the upper background concentration 

of 150 pCi/L for the ESRP aquifer and probably have some 

wastewater disposal influence.

Well USGS 135.—Tritium concentrations analyzed by 

the RESL were all less than the reporting level for this well 

(table 7). Tritium concentrations analyzed at Menlo Park 

indicated all zones were similar and concentrations were all 

less than what would be expected as background in the ESRP 

aquifer (fig. 15). The low concentrations of tritium in this 

well suggest older groundwater (>50 years) that has not been 

influenced by wastewater disposal.

Well USGS 137A.— Tritium concentrations in samples 

collected from all four zones and analyzed by RESL were 

all less than the reporting level of three times the sample 

standard deviation except for one sample collected from 

zone 4 in 2013 (table 7). Tritium analyzed at the Menlo Park 

Research Laboratory indicated the largest concentration was 

in the upper zone (zone 5) (106±3.83 pCi/L) (fig. 15), and 

the two upper zones had concentrations within the estimated 

range of background concentrations of 75–150 pCi/L. The 

concentrations in the two deepest zones were less than the 

background levels reported by Orr and others (1991). 

Cesium-137

Cesium-137 is not naturally occurring; however, it can 

be present in groundwater as a fission product from nuclear 

facilities and weapons tests (Orr and others, 1991). Water 

samples were analyzed for concentrations of cesium-137 

at the RESL using gamma spectrometry. Cesium-137 

concentrations in all but six samples were less than the 

reporting level (table 7); and the concentrations greater than 

the reporting level were not specific to any well or any zone 

in any well. The positive results for the six samples may be 

due to statistical fluctuations because the data are close to the 

reporting levels of 3s.

Uranium Isotopes

Uranium is a widely distributed element with three 

naturally occurring radioactive isotopes: uranium-234, 

uranium-235, and uranium-238. Uranium-238 (99.27 percent) 

is the most naturally abundant of the three isotopes. These 

isotopes undergo a complex series of radioactive decay that 

results in their ultimate conversion to stable isotopes of lead 

(Haglund, 1972). Estimated background concentrations in 

the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer range from 0 to 9 pCi/L 

(Orr and others, 1991). Water samples were analyzed from 

five wells (USGS 105, USGS 108, USGS 131A, USGS 

135, and USGS 137A) for concentrations of uranium-233, 

-234 (undivided), uranium-235, and uranium-238 at the 

NWQL (table 8). Concentrations of uranium-233, -234 

(undivided) were greater than the reporting level in all 

samples, and ranged from 0.98 ± 0.098 pCi/L in USGS 108 

(zone 1) to 1.9 ± 0.11 pCi/L in USGS 135 (zone 10) (table 8). 
Concentrations of Chemical Constituents in Groundwater 33

tac14-0957_fig 15

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Depth, in feet below land surface Depth, in feet below land surface Depth, in feet below land surface

Depth, in feet below land surface Depth, in feet below land surface

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Tritium, picocuries per liter

Tritium, picocuries per liter

USGS 105

USGS 108

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

USGS 135

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,300

1,400

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 1,500

Tritium, picocuries per liter

USGS 131A

USGS 137A

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Tritium, picocuries per liter

Tritium, picocuries per liter

Figure 15. Concentrations of tritium analyzed at the Menlo Park Research Laboratory in wells USGS 105, 108, 131A, 135, and 

137A, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho.
34 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Uranium-235 concentrations were less than the reporting 

level in all sample zones from USGS 108 and USGS 135. 

Uranium-235 concentrations were greater than the reporting 

level (table 8) from zones 2, 5, and 11 in USGS 105; zone 8 in 

USGS 131A and zone 4 in USGS 137A.

Uranium-238 concentrations were greater than 

the reporting level in all samples and ranged from 

0.324 ± 0.051 pCi/L in USGS 108 (zone 7) to 

0.67 ± 0.057 pCi/L in a replicate from USGS 105 (zone 2) 

(table 8). 

Transuranic Elements 

Some transuranic elements can be produced in nature 

because of the availability of neutrons that can be captured 

by uranium isotopes (Orr and others, 1991, p. 16), but 

concentrations are much less than the detection level used 

for analyses at the RESL. Some transuranic elements also are 

produced as by-products of the nuclear industry (Wampler, 

1972, p. 6–7). Water samples were analyzed for concentrations 

of plutonium-238, plutonium-239, 240 (undivided), and 

americium-241 at the RESL. Concentrations in all samples 

were less than the reporting level (table 8). 

Stable Isotopes

Water samples were analyzed for relative concentrations 

of stable isotopes of hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and carbon 

(C). Because the absolute measurement of isotopic ratios is 

analytically difficult, relative isotopic ratios are measured 

instead (Toran, 1982). For example, 18O/16O of a sample is 

compared with 18O/16O of a standard: 

δ

18O 1 1 000 = − ( ) R R sample / , standard × (3)

where

δ18O is the relative concentration, in units of parts 

per thousand (per mil),

Rsample is the 18O/16O ratio in the sample, and 

Rstandard is the 18O/16O ratio in the standard.

The delta notation (δ18O) is the value reported by isotopic 

laboratories for stable isotope analysis. In a similar manner, 

2H/1H and 13C/12C are defined with the respective ratios 

replacing 18O/16O in Rsample and Rstandard. The standard

used for determining δ18O and δ2H in water is standard mean 

ocean water as defined by Craig (1961). The standard used for 

determining δ13C in water is the PeeDee Belemnite reference 

standard (Timme, 1995, p. 71). Relative concentrations of 

stable isotopes are shown in table 9. 

Well USGS 105.—Concentrations of δ2H, δ18O, and 

δ13C were relatively consistent among all five zones (table 9). 

The δ2H concentrations ranged from -138.0 to -136.3 per mil, 

but the variability in the range was not consistent with any 

particular zone. Concentrations of δ18O ranged from -18.0 to 

-17.8 per mil, and δ13C ranged from -9.41 to -9.01 per mil.

Well USGS 108.—Concentrations of δ2H, δ18O, and 

δ13C were relatively consistent among all five zones (table 9). 

The δ2H concentrations ranged from -137.7 to -136.0 per mil, 

but the variability in the range was not consistent with any 

particular zone. Concentrations of δ18O ranged from -17.98 to 

-17.79 per mil; δ13C ranged from -9.17 to -9.0 per mil.

Well USGS 131A.—Concentrations of δ2H and δ18O 

were relatively consistent among all four zones (table 9). The 

δ2H concentrations ranged from -138.5 to -136.2 per mil, 

but the variability in the range was not consistent with any 

particular zone. Concentrations of δ18O ranged from -18.07 to 

-17.81 per mil; δ13C was not sampled. 

Well USGS 135.—Concentrations of δ2H, δ18O, and 

δ13C were relatively consistent among all four zones (table 9). 

The δ2H concentrations ranged from -137.8 to -136.6, but the 

variability in the range was not consistent with any particular 

zone. Concentrations of δ18O ranged from -18.02 to -17.90; 

δ13C ranged from -9.36 to -8.87.

USGS 137A.—Concentrations of δ2H and δ18O were 

relatively consistent among all four zones (table 9). The 

δ2H concentrations ranged from -137.9 to -136.4, but the 

variability in the range was not consistent with any particular 

zone. Concentrations of δ18O ranged from -17.89 to -17.81; 

δ13C was not sampled. 

Chemical Comparison of 

Groundwater from Multiple Zones

The hydrochemical facies or trilinear diagrams (figs. 5, 

7, 9, 11, and 13) are based on a data visualization technique 

developed by Piper (1944) that is a useful tool for displaying 

the chemical character of water. Trilinear diagrams also 

can be used to test groups of water analyses to determine 

whether a particular water may be a simple mixture of others 

for which analyses are available or whether it is affected by 

solution or precipitation of a single salt (Hem, 1989, p. 178). 

A plot of the hydrochemical facies for wells USGS 105, 108, 

131A, 135, and 137A (fig. 16) indicates that water in all of 

the zones is similar and is calcium magnesium-bicarbonate in 

content. Percentages of chloride compared with sulfate and 

bicarbonate were larger in water from USGS 131A (zone 8) 

than in all other samples. This zone has the largest chloride 

concentration of any zone and is probably most influenced by 

wastewater disposal. 
Chemical Comparison of Groundwater from Multiple Zones 35

tac14-0957_fig16

EXPLANATION

USGS 105 Zone 13

USGS 105 Zone 11

USGS 105 Zone 8

USGS 105 Zone 5

USGS 105 Zone 2

USGS 108 Zone 11

USGS 108 Zone 9

USGS 108 Zone 7

USGS 108 Zone 4

USGS 108 Zone 1

USGS 131A Zone 12

USGS 131A Zone 8

USGS 131A Zone 5

USGS 131A Zone 3

USGS 135 Zone 10

USGS 135 Zone 7

USGS 135 Zone 4

USGS 135 Zone 1

USGS 137A Zone 5

USGS 137A Zone 4

USGS 137A Zone 3

USGS 137A Zone 1

Percentage of reacting values, in milliequivalents per liter

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

100

100

0

0

Figure 16. Major-ion composition of water from wells USGS 105, USGS 108, USGS 131A, USGS 135, and USGS 137A, Idaho National 

Laboratory, Idaho.

Other chemical, radiochemical, and isotope species also 

indicate some chemical variability among different zones 

of water. In USGS 105, the water chemistry plots between 

water types representing Big Lost River streamflow and 

underflow from the Big Lost River (Arco City well and 

Owen well), Little Lost River (Harrell well), and Birch Creek 

(USGS 126 B) (fig. 17). Manganese and chromium vary in 

the upper zone (zone 13) compared with concentrations in the 

other four zones (table 5). Nitrite plus nitrate concentrations 

were slightly smaller in the upper and lower zones (average 

concentration of 0.641 mg/L) than in the three middle zones 

(average concentration of 0.738 mg/L) (table 6). Tritium is 

present at concentrations that probably represent wastewater 

sources in the upper four zones (zones 5, 8, 11, and 13; 

table 7, fig. 15), so water in USGS 105 probably derives from 

a variable combination of some minor wastewater disposal 

and a mixture of water derived from streamflow infiltration 

and underflow from Big Lost River, Little Lost River, and 

Birch Creek. 
36 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

tac14-0957_fig17

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

0

0

0

100

100

100

0

100

100

100

0

0

Percentage of reacting values, in milliequivalents per Liter

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate + Chloride

Calcium + Magnesium 

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

EXPLANATION

USGS 105, Zone 13

USGS 105, Zone 11

USGS 105, Zone 8

USGS 105, Zone 5

USGS 105, Zone 2

Big Lost River below INEL diversion

Owen

Harrell

USGS 126B

Arco City

Little Lost River near Howe

Birch Creek near Blue Dome

Figure 17. Major-ion composition of water from wells USGS 105, Big Lost River below INEL diversion, Owen, Harrell, 

USGS 126B, and Arco City, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho.
Chemical Comparison of Groundwater from Multiple Zones 37

In USGS 108, some minor inorganic constituents 

(chromium, barium, iron, manganese, and strontium) are 

more variable in the upper zone (zone 11) as compared 

with concentrations in the other zones (table 5). Nitrite plus 

nitrate had smaller average concentrations in the upper zone 

(zone 11) as compared with concentrations in the other four 

zones (fig. 8). Tritium concentrations were larger in zone 9 

as compared with concentrations in the other four zones, and 

all had concentrations within the background concentration 

range of 75 to 150 pCi/L except for the upper zone (zone 11), 

which was less than background (fig. 15); however, tritium 

concentrations did exceed the reporting level in the upper part 

of the aquifer during 1983–85 (prior to when the well had an 

MLMS) (Pittman and others, 1988, p. 51; Mann and Cecil, 

1990, p. 27). Chloride concentrations were similar in all the 

zones, but were higher than the concentrations in the other 

multilevel wells along the southern boundary (USGS 103, 105, 

135 and 137A) (table 4), so contamination from wastewater 

disposal is a possibility even though tritium samples are not 

conclusive. The water from this well probably consists of a 

mixture of water derived from streamflow infiltration and 

underflow from Big Lost River, Little Lost River, and Birch 

Creek, along with a periodic wastewater signature. 

Calcium, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations 

were much higher in zone 8 in USGS 131A than in the other 

three zones (fig. 10). Iodine-129 was also higher in this zone 

relative to the other zones sampled (Bartholomay, 2013). 

Tritium concentrations were largest in the upper two zones and 

were smallest in the deepest two zones (fig. 15); the upper two 

zones show strong influence from wastewater disposal; but 

the larger concentrations of iodine-129, nitrate, and chloride 

in zone 8 may indicate stronger influence of recharge from 

INTEC in this zone of water than in the upper zone. The 

upper two zones include a variable combination of wastewater 

disposal and a mixture of water derived from streamflow 

infiltration and underflow from Big Lost River, Little Lost 

River, and Birch Creek. The two deepest zones are similar in 

source water with less influence from wastewater disposal than 

the upper two zones.

Concentrations of inorganic constituents were similar 

in all four zones in USGS 135, the only exceptions being 

slightly larger aluminum concentrations in the upper part of 

the aquifer (zone 10) than in the other zones and strontium and 

nitrate concentrations were slightly lower in zone 7 than in 

the other zones. Uranium-233,234 (undivided) concentrations 

were larger in zone 4 and 10 than in the other two zones 

(table 8). Tritium concentrations in all four zones were 

similar and all less than background. Figure 18 indicates that 

water in this well has chemistry between the Big Lost River 

surface water and underflow influence, and underflow from 

the Little Lost River and Birch Creek. The amount of tritium 

indicates most of the water in this well is older and the well 

probably represents recharge from Big Lost River surfacewater infiltration and underflow that has undergone chemical 

interaction with the aquifer materials. 

Tritium concentrations in the upper two zones in 

USGS 137A were larger than in the two deepest zones, 

and concentrations in the upper zones are within the range 

considered to be background for the aquifer. The water 

chemistry is similar in all four zones, except that average 

chloride concentrations in samples from the upper zone 

were slightly larger (14.0 mg/L) than the other three zones 

(11.6 mg/L), which may indicate that the upper zone has more 

wastewater influence. The water in this well probably consists 

of a mixture of water derived from precipitation and underflow 

from Big Lost River, Little Lost River, and Birch Creek along 

with a periodic wastewater signature at least in the upper part 

of the aquifer.

Recent mapping of basalt flows at the INL using 

paleomagnetic inclination data (Champion and others, 2011; 

2013) has led to a better understanding and correlation of 

stratigraphic sequences at the INL. Champion and others 

(2011, pl. 1) indicated that the basalt lava flows at the upper 

150 ft of the top of the aquifer at INTEC (depth of the INTEC 

Disposal well where wastewater was presumably discharged) 

consisted of the CFA Buried Vent flow group and the AEC 

Butte flow group. At the ATR Complex, where wastewater 

would presumably pond on the surface of the water table, the 

CFA Buried Vent flow group is the primary stratigraphic unit 

(Champion and others, 2011, pl. 1). Figures 19 and 20 show 

Menlo Park tritium concentrations (table 7, Bartholomay and 

Twining, 2010) in relation to basalt flow groups identified in 

the wells with multilevel monitoring systems. Values shown 

in bold are concentrations greater than the lower estimated 

background concentration of 75 pCi/L (Orr and others, 1991) 

and likely have been influenced by wastewater disposal at 

the INL. In the wells closer to areas of wastewater disposal, 

well Middle 2050A shows wastewater presence in the CFA 

Buried Vent flow group and in the AEC Butte and Jaramillo 

flow groups (fig. 19). Well USGS 131A also shows wastewater 

influence in the CFA buried vents flow group along with 

evidence in the Early Basal Brunhes and Jaramillo flow 

groups. Well Middle 2051 shows wastewater influence in 

the Matuyama and Jaramillo flow groups, while USGS 132 

shows wastewater influence in the Middle Basal Brunhes 

flow groups, South Late Matuyama, and the Matuyama flow 

group (fig. 19). Figure 20 indicates that basalt flows that show 

some wastewater influence along the southern boundary are 

in the Middle and Early Basal Brunhes flow groups, the South 

Late Matuyama flow group and the Matuyama flow group; 

however, the strongest influence appears to be in the South 

Late Matuyama flow group (fig. 20). The concentrations of 

wastewater constituents such as tritium in deeper zones in 

wells Middle 2051, USGS 132, USGS 105, and USGS 103 

support the concept of groundwater flow deepening in the 

southwestern part of the INL. The presence of tritium in 

multiple flow groups may suggest that groundwater is more 

evenly dispersed where interconnected fractures are present. 
38 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

tac14-0957_fig18

Percentage of reacting values, in milliequivalents per Liter

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Magnesium

Calcium

20

20

20

40

40

40

60

60

60

80

80

20

40

60

80

80

Sulfate

Chloride

Sulfate

Calcium + Magnesium

Sodium + Potassium

Bicarbonate

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

EXPLANATION

USGS 135, Zone 10

USGS 135, Zone 7

USGS 135, Zone 4

USGS 135, Zone 1

Big Lost River below INEL diversion

Owen

Arco City

Harrell

USGS 126B

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

0

0

0

100

100

0

100

100

100

100

0

0

Figure 18. Major-ion composition of water from wells USGS 135, Big Lost River below INEL diversion, Owen, Arco 

City, Harrell, and USGS 126B, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho.
Chemical Comparison of Groundwater from Multiple Zones 39

tac14-0957_fig19

Middle 2050A

Middle 2051

USGS 132

USGS 131A

301+/-8.9 pCi/L

172+/-5.4 pCi/L

60.9+/-2.9 pCi/L

5.4+/-1.9 pCi/L

93.8+/-3.5 pCi/L

97.6+/-3.5 pCi/L

51.7+/-2.9 pCi/L

475+/-13 pCi/L

635+/-19 pCi/L

292+/-8.6 pCi/L

300+/-8.9 pCi/L

122+/-4.1 pCi/L

252+/-7.7 pCi/L

256+/-8 pCi/L

269+/-8.6 pCi/L

286+/-8.6 pCi/L

983+/-26.3 pCi/L

1454+/-38.5 pCi/L

149+/-4.86 pCi/L

133+/-4.51 pCi/L

113°07'30" 113°00' 112°52'30"

43°

30'

43°

33'

45"

0 2 4 8KILOMETERS

0 3 6MILES

4,000

3,800

3,700

4,600

4,400

4,200

4,800

5,000

4,100

3,900

4,700

4,500

4,300

4,900

5,100

FEET

Water level

INTEC DISPOSAL WELL

USGS 132

MIDDLE 2051

TRA disposal

MIDDLE 2050A

Radioactivewaste ponds

Evaporation 

ponds

Infiltration 

ponds

Cold-waste ponds

Big Lost River

USGS 131A

Radioactive Waste

Management 

Complex

Idaho 

Nuclear 

Technology 

and 

Engineering 

Center

Advanced Test Reactor 

Complex

Central 

Facilities

Area

Altitude above the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

AEC Butte

CFA Buried Vents

Big Lost

Middle Basal Brunhes

South Late Matuyama

Matuyama

Jaramillo (Matuyama)

Post Jaramillo

Late Basal Brunhes

Early Basal Brunhes

Big Lost

CFA Buried Vents

AEC Butte

Late Basal Brunhes

Middle Basal Brunhes

Early Basal Brunhes

South Late Matuyama

Matuyama

Post Jaramillo

Jaramillo (Matuyama)

EXPLANATION

Unit

Figure 19. Tritium concentrations in relation to basalt flows from wells Middle 2050A, Middle 2051, USGS 131A, and 

USGS 132, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2008–13. Map shows locations of wells in diagram.
40 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

tac14-0957_fig20

113°07'30" 113°00' 112°52'30"

43°

30'

43°

32'

43°

28'

0 2 4 8 KILOMETERS

0 3 6 MILES

?

-71.8

?

55.6 ?

?

Water level

589 feet below 

 land surface (BLS)

Water level

613 feet BLS

Water level

588 feet BLS

Water level

625 feet BLS

Water level

718 feet BLS

VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 30X

8+/-1.9 pCi/L

16.9+/-1.9 pCi/L

72.4+/-2.9 pCi/L

275+/-8 pCi/L

434+/-13 pCi/L

427+/-12 pCi/L

405+/-13 pCi/L

58.8+/-3 pCi/L

263+/-7.7 pCi/L

231+/-6.7 pCi/L

14+/-1.9 pCi/L

6.1+/-1.9 pCi/L

15+/-2.2 pCi/L

12.8+/-1.9 pCi/L

67.6+/-2.97 pCi/L

64.8+/-2.87 pCi/L

171+/-5.4 pCi/L

186+/-5.7 pCi/L

126+/-4.1 pCi/L

106+/-3.83 pCi/L

89.2+/-3.47 pCi/L 119+/-3 pCi/L

79.3+/-2.4 pCi/L

83.6+/-3.1 pCi/L

97.4+/-3.3 pCi/L

4,000

3,800

3,700

4,600

4,400

4,200

4,800

5,200

5,000

4,100

3,900

4,700

4,500

4,300

4,900

5,100

FEET

0 1 2 3 KILOMETERS

0 1 2 3 MILES

Altitude above the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

USGS 103, 5007.42 feet

USGS 135, 5,135.94 feet

USGS 137A, 5,043.64 feet

USGS 105, 5,095.12 feet

USGS 108, 5,031.36 feet

Total depth

1,198 feet

Total depth

1,307 feet

Total depth

1,218 feet

Total depth

1,409 feet

Total depth

1,317 feet

Big Lost River

Central Facilities

Area

USGS 105 USGS 108 USGS 103 USGS 135

Spreading

areas

USGS 137A

Radioactive Waste

Management 

Complex

Vent 5206

Big Southern Butte

Lavatoo

Cedar Butte Andesite

Tin Cup Butte

South CFA buried vent

Flow above “E” flow

E flow

Big Lost

G flow

Middle Basal Brunhes

Lower Basal Brunhes

South Late Matuyama

Unknown

Matuyama

Post Jaramillo

EXPLANATION

Unit

Tritium values and uncertainties, 

bold lettering indicates concentrations 

above background

106+/-3.83

Vent 5206

Big Southern Butte 

Cedar Butte Andesite 4

SCFA buried vent

E flow

Big Lost 

G flow

Middle basal Brunhes

South Late Matuyama

Matuyama

Post Jaramillo

Tin Cup Butte 

Flow above “E” flow 

Lavatoo

Lower basal Brunhes

Unknown

Figure 20. Tritium concentrations in relation to basalt flows from multilevel wells along the southern boundary of 

the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2008–13. Map shows locations of wells in diagram.
References Cited 41

Summary

Radiochemical and chemical wastewater discharged to 

infiltration ponds and disposal wells since the early 1950s at 

the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has affected the water 

quality of the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. In 1949, 

the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated an ongoing 

monitoring program to determine the horizontal movement of 

selected constituents within the aquifer. In 2005, the USGS, 

in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, added a 

multilevel well-monitoring program to begin describing the 

vertical distribution of these chemical constituents. 

Between 2009 and 2013, water samples were collected 

from four to seven discrete sampling zones, isolated by 

packers, in the upper 250–750 ft of the aquifer from 11 wells: 

Middle 2050A, Middle 2051, USGS 103, USGS 105, USGS 

108, USGS 131A, USGS 132, USGS 133, USGS 134, USGS 

135, and USGS 137A. Samples from five of the newer wells 

(USGS 105, 108, 131A, 135, and 137A) were analyzed by 

the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory and (or) the 

Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory for the 

following chemical constituents: dissolved cations and anions; 

trace elements; nutrients; isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen and 

carbon; total organic carbon; uranium isotopes; tritium; 

strontium-90; plutonium and americium isotopes; and gross 

alpha, beta, and gamma radioactivity; and the other six MLMS 

wells were analyzed for a less inclusive suite of chemicals. 

The water chemistry of these samples was compared with that 

of recharge sources throughout the INL, and the results will be 

used in the future to determine the geochemical evolution of 

the aquifer and determine if model-simulated source areas and 

travel times are consistent with field evidence. 

Fifteen quality control replicate samples were collected 

during 2009–13 as a measure of quality assurance; five 

equipment blanks and two field blanks were collected and 

consisted of inorganic and organic-free water obtained from 

the NWQL. Concentrations of major ions and metals in 

equipment blank samples were near or less than the reporting 

levels, suggesting no background contamination from field 

equipment or source water. About 96 percent of the replicate 

pairs for radionuclide and isotope results were statistically 

comparable, and about 96 percent of the replicate pairs for 

the inorganic and organic constituents were statistically 

comparable. These results indicate that the sample collection 

and laboratory procedures used were appropriate for the 

data collected. 

The water-chemistry composition of all sampled 

zones for the five new MLMS is calcium plus magnesium 

bicarbonate. One of the zones in well USGS 131A does have 

a slightly different chemistry from the rest of the zones and 

wells, and the difference is attributed to more wastewater 

influence from INTEC than the other zones and wells. One 

well, USGS 135, did not appear to show any influence from 

wastewater disposal and consisted of mostly older water in all 

of its zones. 

Tritium concentrations plotted in relation to basaltic 

flow groups indicate the presence of wastewater influence in 

multiple basalt flow groups; however, tritium is most abundant 

in the South Late Matuyama flow group in the southern 

boundary wells. The concentrations of wastewater constituents 

in deeper zones in wells Middle 2051, USGS 132, USGS 

105, and USGS 103 support the concept of groundwater flow 

deepening in the southwestern corner of the INL as indicated 

by the INL groundwater-flow model. 

References Cited

Ackerman, D.J., 1991, Transmissivity of the Snake River 

Plain aquifer at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 

Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 91-4058 (DOE/ID-22097), 35 p. 

Ackerman, D.J., Rattray, G.W., Rousseau, J.P., and 

Fisher, J.C., 2010, Steady-state and transient models of 

ground-water flow and advective transport, Eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, 

Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations 

Report 2010-5123 (DOE/ID-22209), 220 p.

Bartholomay, R.C., 1990, Mineralogy, petrology and grain 

size of surficial sediment from the Big Lost River, Little 

Lost River, and Birch Creek drainages, Idaho National 

Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: Idaho State University 

Master of Science Thesis, 118 p., accessed June 29, 2009, at 

http://geology.isu.edu/dml/thesis/Bartholomay_Roy_1990_

ISU.pdf.

Bartholomay, R.C., 2009, Iodine-129 in the Snake River 

Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, 

Idaho, 2003 and 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2009-5088 (DOE/ID-22208), 28 p. 

[Also available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5088/.]

 Bartholomay, R.C., 2013, Iodine-129 in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National 

Laboratory, Idaho, 2010–12: U.S. Geological Survey 

Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5195 (DOE/

ID-22225), 22 p. [Also available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/

sir/2013/5195/.]

Bartholomay, R.C., Tucker, B.J., Ackerman, D.J., and 

Liszewski, M.J., 1997, Hydrologic conditions and 

distribution of selected radiochemical and chemical 

constituents in water, Snake River Plain aquifer, 

Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1992 

through 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 97-4086 (DOE/ID-22137), 57 p. 
42 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Bartholomay, R.C., and Twining, B.V., 2010, Chemical 

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Table 3. Concentrations of dissolved major cations and silica in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, 

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). NA, not applicable. NS, not 

sampled. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, Relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]

Well name Port 

depth Date

Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Silica as SiO2 Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

Middle 2050A

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA 8.52 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 8.16 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA 8.26 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA 6.57 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 16 518 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA 8.04 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 NS NA NS NA 6.32 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-09 NS NA NS NA 6.50 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA 7.73 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 8.38 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA 7.60 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 7.89 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA 11.6 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 11.6 NA NS NA NS NA

Middle 2051

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 5.60 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 6.03 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 8.00 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 8.54 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 8.20 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA 8.30 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 8.42 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 8.20 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 8.37 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 8.36 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA 8.73 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 8.51 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 7.27 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 5.69 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 7.57 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA 7.95 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 7.76 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 7.52 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 7.46 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 7.72 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA 7.93 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 7.79 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 103

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 13.5 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA 10.9 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 11.9 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 12.8 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 8.72 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 9.40 NA NS NA NS NA
Table 3 47

Well name Port 

depth Date

Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Silica as SiO2 Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 8.19 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 8.81 NA NS NA NS NA

994 06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 8.87 0.7 NS NA NS NA QAW-18

993 06-21-11 NS NA NS NA 8.57 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 8.85 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 8.58 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 8.27 NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 7.92 4.3 NS NA NS NA QAW-15

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 8.78 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA 8.66 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 8.94 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 8.94 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 7.90 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 8.82 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA 8.47 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 9.40 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 8.32 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 8.07 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA 8.84 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA 8.59 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 9.05 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 8.69 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 105

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 38.6 NA 14.3 NA 11.7 NA 2.8 NA 24.1 NA

09-16-10 39.2 NA 14.4 NA 11.5 NA 2.8 NA 23.8 NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 39.3 NA 14.1 NA 11.4 NA 2.7 NA 25.2 NA

09-16-10 39.1 NA 14.2 NA 11.6 NA 2.7 NA 24.4 NA

09-16-10 40.5 3.5 14.6 3.0 11.9 2.9 2.7 1.9 24.7 1.1 QAW-21

07-13-11 NS NA NS NA 11.6 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 11.5 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA 11.7 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 39.8 NA 14.8 NA 11.2 NA 2.83 NA 26.4 NA

09-15-10 40.2 NA 15.2 NA 11.1 NA 2.78 NA 25.4 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA 11.1 NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA 10.8 2.5 NS NA NS NA QAW-27

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 10.9 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA 10.8 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 40.0 NA 14.5 NA 11.3 NA 2.93 NA 26.5 NA

09-17-09 38.4 3.9 14.2 2.5 11.1 2.4 2.92 0.3 26.4 0.2 QAW-16

09-15-10 39.5 NA 14.5 NA 10.9 NA 2.86 NA 25.8 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA 11.0 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 11.4 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 11.5 1.4 NS NA NS NA QAW-32

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA 11.5 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 39.9 NA 14.2 NA 10.9 NA 2.8 NA 24.3 NA

09-15-10 40.7 NA 14.4 NA 11.7 NA 2.7 NA 24.0 NA

Table 3. Concentrations of dissolved major cations and silica in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, 

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). NA, not applicable. NS, not 

sampled. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, Relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
48 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well name Port 

depth Date

Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Silica as SiO2 Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 108

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 37.6 NA 15.6 NA 11.0 NA 2.58 NA 26.4 NA

06-23-11 35.5 NA 15.9 NA 11.4 NA 2.73 NA 28.2 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 44.5 NA 17.4 NA 8.56 NA 2.42 NA 25.7 NA

06-23-11 40.2 NA 17.8 NA 8.70 NA 2.41 NA 27.5 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 46.8 NA 18.1 NA 8.74 NA 2.37 NA 25.5 NA

06-23-11 42.8 NA 18.0 NA 8.34 NA 2.31 NA 26.4 NA

06-23-11 42.6 0.4 18.1 0.6 8.59 3.0 2.37 2.6 26.4 0.0 QAW-24

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA 8.59 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA 8.61 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 47.7 NA 18.5 NA 8.42 NA 2.21 NA 24.9 NA

09-22-10 47.4 0.5 18.6 0.9 8.44 0.2 2.30 4.0 24.9 0.2 QAW-22

06-23-11 46.4 NA 18.8 NA 8.16 NA 2.22 NA 26.5 NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA 8.23 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA 8.03 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA 7.72 3.9 NS NA NS NA QAW-39

Zone 1 1,172 09-20-10 50.6 NA 18.9 NA 8.56 NA 2.36 NA 21.6 NA

06-22-11 46.2 NA 19.3 NA 8.26 NA 2.40 NA 24.7 NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA 7.99 NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 NS NA NS NA 7.93 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 131A

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 45.9 NA 15.4 NA 8.30 NA 2.48 NA 22.2 NA

07-17-13 42.7 NA 15.2 NA 7.87 NA 2.41 NA 24.3 NA

07-17-13 44.0 3.0 15.2 0.1 8.18 3.9 2.58 6.8 27.0 10.4 QAW-41

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 53.7 NA 17.0 NA 10.3 NA 3.42 NA 24.8 NA

07-16-13 51.8 NA 16.8 NA 9.64 NA 2.70 NA 25.6 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 47.9 NA 18.4 NA 8.33 NA 2.13 NA 23.4 NA

07-16-13 48.5 NA 18.4 NA 8.45 NA 2.18 NA 24.2 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 48.4 NA 18.5 NA 7.87 NA 2.04 NA 23.5 NA

07-16-13 48.3 NA 18.6 NA 7.96 NA 2.02 NA 22.4 NA

USGS 132

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 24.1 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 24.9 NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA 20.8 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 9.98 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 10.5 NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA 9.99 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA 10.0 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 NS NA NS NA 10.4 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.45 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 8.90 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.57 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 8.85 NA NS NA NS NA

Table 3. Concentrations of dissolved major cations and silica in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, 

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). NA, not applicable. NS, not 

sampled. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, Relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
Table 3 49

Well name Port 

depth Date

Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Silica as SiO2 Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 132—Continued

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.72 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 9.01 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 NS NA NS NA 11.0 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 11.6 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 133

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 8.17 NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 8.31 1.7 NS NA NS NA QAW-14

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 8.57 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 8.38 2.2 NS NA NS NA QAW-19

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA 8.30 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA 8.34 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA 8.43 1.1 NS NA NS NA QAW-29

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA 8.45 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 7.07 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 7.50 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 6.77 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 8.07 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 8.30 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 8.70 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 134

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 7.88 NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA 8.07 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA 7.50 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA 7.57 0.9 NS NA NS NA QAW-26

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 8.42 NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA 9.31 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA 8.67 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 26.9 NA 16.0 NA 6.96 NA 2.1 NA 31.7 NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 7.59 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 7.96 4.8 NS NA NS NA QAW-17

06-18-12 NS NA NS NA 7.80 NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA 7.24 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA 7.00 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 7.77 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA 8.27 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 10.3 NA NS NA NS NA

Table 3. Concentrations of dissolved major cations and silica in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, 

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). NA, not applicable. NS, not 

sampled. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, Relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
50 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well name Port 

depth Date

Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Silica as SiO2 Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 135

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 42.4 NA 11.7 NA 6.66 NA 1.76 NA 19.5 NA

09-14-10 42.8 NA 11.9 NA 6.99 NA 1.74 NA 19.1 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 40.6 NA 12.0 NA 6.52 NA 1.88 NA 19.7 NA

09-14-10 36.6 NA 11.5 NA 6.42 NA 1.87 NA 21.9 NA

07-07-11 NS NA NS NA 6.34 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA 6.18 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA 5.99 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA 6.27 4.6 NS NA NS NA QAW-40

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 42.9 NA 12.4 NA 6.63 NA 1.85 NA 20.0 NA

09-13-10 42.9 NA 12.2 NA 6.77 NA 1.78 NA 19.5 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 39.1 NA 13.3 NA 6.41 NA 1.91 NA 19.8 NA

09-13-10 39.2 NA 12.7 NA 6.55 NA 1.85 NA 18.6 NA

USGS 137A

Zone 5 662 10-24-12 38.6 NA 14.9 NA 11.4 NA 2.61 NA 24.8 NA

07-15-13 41.2 NA 16.3 NA 12.7 NA 2.97 NA 27.3 NA

Zone 4 747 10-23-12 40.9 NA 15.5 NA 11.1 NA 2.70 NA 25.9 NA

07-15-13 38.7 NA 15.4 NA 11.1 NA 2.80 NA 26.1 NA

Zone 3 841 10-23-12 41.2 NA 15.3 NA 10.6 NA 2.57 NA 24.8 NA

07-15-13 40.8 NA 15.5 NA 10.9 NA 2.64 NA 25.9 NA

Zone 1 876 10-23-12 41.0 NA 15.4 NA 10.6 NA 2.56 NA 25.2 NA

07-15-13 39.7 NA 15.3 NA 11.4 NA 2.70 NA 26.2 NA

QAW-13 NA 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA <0.12 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 133

QAW-20 NA 06-30-10 NS NA NS NA <0.1 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-28 NA 07-06-11 NS NA NS NA <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-30 NA 06-21-12 NS NA NS NA <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA Field Blank at 

USGS 135

QAW-31 NA 06-26-12 NS NA NS NA <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 108

QAW-37 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA Field Blank at 

USGS 134

QAW-38 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 134

Table 3. Concentrations of dissolved major cations and silica in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, 

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). NA, not applicable. NS, not 

sampled. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, Relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
Table 4 51

Table 4. Concentrations of dissolved major anions in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National 

Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Bicarbonate data were calculated 

from field measurements shown in table 2; alkalinity (as calcium carbonate) was divided by 0.8202 (Hem, 1989, p. 57). NS, not sampled. NA, not applicable. 

Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]

Well name Port 

depth Date

Chloride Sulfate Bicarbonate Fluoride

Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

Middle 2050A

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 15.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 15.0 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 14.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 5.51 NA 19.9 NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 12.7 NA 22.4 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 11.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-09 11.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 11.1 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 11.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-19-09 10.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 10.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-19-09 14.9 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 14.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Middle 2051

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 5.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 5.9 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 11.0 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 11.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 11.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 10.9 NA 24.9 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 10.7 NA 25.9 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 11.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 8.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 11.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 11.3 NA 25.8 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 11.1 NA 27.1 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 12.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 12.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 12.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 12.2 NA 22.8 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 12.0 NA 23.5 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 12.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 12.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 12.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 12.1 NA 22.7 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 11.9 NA 23.5 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 103

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 18.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 18.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 14.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 14.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 10.1 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 10.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
52 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well name Port 

depth Date

Chloride Sulfate Bicarbonate Fluoride

Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 12.4 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 12.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 12.9 0.78 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-18

06-21-11 12.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 13.3 NA 20.4 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 12.6 NA 20.6 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 14.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 14.2 0.70 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-15

06-23-10 14.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 14.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 14.6 NA 21.1 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 14.1 NA 22.0 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 14.1 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 14.9 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 14.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 14.6 NA 21.4 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 14.0 NA 21.8 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 14.4 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 14.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 14.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 14.5 NA 22.2 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 14.0 NA 21.9 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 105

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 12.0 NA 25.1 NA 171 NA 0.239 NA

09-16-10 12.4 NA 23.6 NA 166 NA 0.216 NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 11.9 NA 25.2 NA 172 NA 0.246 NA

09-16-10 12.3 NA 23.8 NA 176 NA 0.222 NA

09-16-10 12.3 0.00 23.8 0.00 176 0 0.226 1.8 QAW-21

07-13-11 12.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 12.1 NA 23.1 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 11.7 NA 24.3 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 12.9 NA 24.5 NA 171 NA 0.234 NA

09-15-10 13.1 NA 23.2 NA 172 NA 0.229 NA

07-11-11 13.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 13.7 0.73 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-27

06-28-12 13.0 NA 23.7 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 12.4 NA 23.5 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 12.6 NA 24.4 NA 173 NA 0.239 NA

09-17-09 12.5 0.8 24.4 0 173 0 0.227 5.2 QAW-16

09-15-10 12.9 NA 23.2 NA 171 NA 0.237 NA

07-11-11 13.4 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 13.2 NA 24.2 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 12.8 3.08 23.7 2.1 NS NA NS NA QAW-32

06-27-13 12.4 NA 23.9 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 11.1 NA 24.6 NA 173 NA 0.241 NA

09-15-10 11.4 NA 23.6 NA 176 NA 0.252 NA

Table 4. Concentrations of dissolved major anions in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho 

National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Bicarbonate data were 

calculated from field measurements shown in table 2; alkalinity (as calcium carbonate) was divided by 0.8202 (Hem, 1989, p. 57). NS, not sampled. NA, 

not applicable. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
Table 4 53

Well name Port 

depth Date

Chloride Sulfate Bicarbonate Fluoride

Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 108

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 15.9 NA 23.2 NA 158 NA 0.266 NA

06-23-11 16.4 NA 23.6 NA 171 NA 0.264 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 16.1 NA 23.4 NA 180 NA 0.192 NA

06-23-11 16.6 NA 24.3 NA 176 NA 0.185 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 16.7 NA 23.9 NA 185 NA 0.178 NA

06-23-11 16.8 NA 24.2 NA 190 NA 0.170 NA

06-23-11 16.9 0.59 24.3 0.41 190 0 0.169 0.6 QAW-24

06-26-12 16.7 NA 23.4 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 16.6 NA 24.3 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 17.7 NA 24.5 NA 193 NA 0.181 NA

09-22-10 17.7 0.00 24.5 0.00 193 0 0.174 3.9 QAW-22

06-22-11 18.0 NA 25.2 NA 188 NA 0.168 NA

06-26-12 17.4 NA 24.5 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 17.4 NA 24.5 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 17.4 0.00 24.5 0.00 NS NA NS NA QAW-39

Zone 1 1,172 09-20-10 17.3 NA 24.5 NA 200 NA 0.196 NA

06-22-11 17.7 NA 25.0 NA 199 NA 0.185 NA

06-26-12 17.1 NA 24.5 NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 17.1 NA 24.5 NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 131A

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 16.1 NA 22.9 NA 171 NA 0.196 NA

07-17-13 16.2 NA 23.1 NA 169 NA 0.213 NA

07-17-13 16.1 0.62 23.1 0.00 169 0 0.209 1.9 QAW-41

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 26.0 NA 26.6 NA 180 NA 0.177 NA

07-16-13 26.2 NA 27.4 NA 180 NA 0.181 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 13.5 NA 22.5 NA 200 NA 0.150 NA

07-16-13 12.9 NA 22.9 NA 196 NA 0.172 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 14.0 NA 22.4 NA 202 NA 0.149 NA

07-16-13 13.2 NA 22.9 NA 204 NA 0.173 NA

USGS 132

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 19.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 16.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 17.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 11.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 11.0 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 11.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 11.4 NA 25.1 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 11.2 NA 26.2 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 10.4 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 10.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 10.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 10.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 10.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 10.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Table 4. Concentrations of dissolved major anions in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho 

National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Bicarbonate data were 

calculated from field measurements shown in table 2; alkalinity (as calcium carbonate) was divided by 0.8202 (Hem, 1989, p. 57). NS, not sampled. NA, 

not applicable. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
54 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well name Port 

depth Date

Chloride Sulfate Bicarbonate Fluoride

Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 132—Continued

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 10.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 10.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 133

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 13.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 13.5 0.00 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-14

08-05-10 12.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 12.7 0.78 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-19

06-27-11 12.9 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 12.1 NA 19.1 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 12.0 0.83 19.1 0.00 NS NA NS NA QAW-29

06-24-13 11.6 NA 18.7 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 13.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 13.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 12.9 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 14.1 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 15.0 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 14.9 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 134

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 10.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 10.1 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 10.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 10.2 0.00 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-26

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 10.5 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 10.0 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 9.7 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 7.8 NA 19.8 NA NS NA 0.174 NA

06-21-10 7.8 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 7.8 0.13 NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-17

06-18-12 7.5 NA 17.8 NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 7.3 NA 17.2 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 10.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 10.3 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 7.6 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 8.4 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

USGS 135

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 7.5 NA 21.4 NA 167 NA 0.231 NA

09-14-10 7.6 NA 20.3 NA 166 NA 0.245 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 7.2 NA 21.1 NA 161 NA 0.226 NA

09-14-10 7.1 NA 19.5 NA 141 NA 0.244 NA

07-07-11 7.2 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 6.9 NA 19.7 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 6.7 NA 19.2 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 6.7 0.15 19.3 0.52 NS NA NS NA QAW-40

Table 4. Concentrations of dissolved major anions in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho 

National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Bicarbonate data were 

calculated from field measurements shown in table 2; alkalinity (as calcium carbonate) was divided by 0.8202 (Hem, 1989, p. 57). NS, not sampled. NA, 

not applicable. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
Table 4 55

Well name Port 

depth Date

Chloride Sulfate Bicarbonate Fluoride

Remarks

mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD mg/L RPD

USGS 135—Continued

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 7.9 NA 21.3 NA 168 NA 0.226 NA

09-13-10 7.6 NA 20.3 NA 171 NA 0.230 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 7.4 NA 21.4 NA 158 NA 0.229 NA

09-13-10 7.4 NA 20.0 NA 166 NA 0.230 NA

USGS 137A

Zone 5 662 10-24-12 14.3 NA 25.5 NA 174 NA 0.192 NA

07-15-13 13.7 NA 26.2 NA 173 NA 0.234 NA

Zone 4 747 10-23-12 12.4 NA 24.3 NA 173 NA 0.204 NA

07-15-13 12.0 NA 25.1 NA 173 NA 0.229 NA

Zone 3 841 10-23-12 11.5 NA 23.8 NA 173 NA 0.19 NA

07-15-13 11.0 NA 24.7 NA 177 NA 0.231 NA

Zone 1 876 10-23-12 11.9 NA 24.1 NA 177 NA 0.202 NA

07-15-13 11.0 NA 24.7 NA 176 NA 0.227 NA

QAW-13 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 133; FU cap 

broke, LC1571 and 69 

deleted

QAW-20 06-30-10 <0.12 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-28 07-06-11 <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-30 06-21-12 <0.06 NA <0.09 NA NS NA NS NA Field Blank at USGS 135

QAW-31 06-26-12 <0.06 NA <0.09 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 108

QAW-37 07-10-13 <0.06 NA <0.09 NA NS NA NS NA Field Blank at USGS 134

QAW-38 07-10-13 <0.06 NA <0.09 NA NS NA NS NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 134

Table 4. Concentrations of dissolved major anions in water from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho 

National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Bicarbonate data were 

calculated from field measurements shown in table 2; alkalinity (as calcium carbonate) was divided by 0.8202 (Hem, 1989, p. 57). NS, not sampled. NA, 

not applicable. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD, relative percent difference in percent. <, less than]
56 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2050A

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-18-09 NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-18-09 NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2050A—Continued

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA 7.89 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 7.16 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA 7.18 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA 1.55 NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA 6.95 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 NS NA NS NA 2.99 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 3.17 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA 4.52 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 4.04 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 3.44 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 3.33 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 1.12 E NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 0.819 E NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, 

less than]
Table 5 57

Well 

name Port depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2050A—Continued

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 1.85 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 1.97 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 2.86 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 3.13 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA 4.16 NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2050A—Continued

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, 

not calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; 

<, less than]
58 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2050A—Continued

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 644 05-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 791 08-19-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 999 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2051

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, 

less than]
Table 5 59

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2051—Continued

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 1.19 E NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 0.790 E NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 7.16 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 6.43 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 6.40 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA 6.42 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 6.23 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 8.05 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 7.34 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 6.54 NA NS NA NS NA

09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 7.12 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 7.34 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 6.80 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 4.87 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 5.64 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA 6.52 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 6.26 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA 6.89 NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 6.40 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA 5.51 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA 6.82 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA 6.45 NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2051—Continued

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 2.05 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 2.56 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 2.46 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
60 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, 

less than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2051—Continued

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2051—Continued

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 2.20 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA 3.17 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 61

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

Middle 2051—Continued

Zone 12 603 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-01-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
62 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 NS < 1.2 NS NA < 1.2 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS < 1.2 NS NA < 1.2 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 NS 5.24 NS NA 5.24 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS 5.53 NS NA 5.53 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 5.87 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 5.91 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 6.36 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 6.66 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 6.26 6.2 NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA 6.92 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 6.61 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 6.64 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 6.02 NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 6.02 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 6.74 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA 6.44 0.0 NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 6.32 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 6.19 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 5.90 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 6.14 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA 6.13 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 5.73 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 5.93 NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 63

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 6.66 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA 5.65 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 4.74 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 6.09 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 4.34 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 5.41 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 2.42 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 3.23 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 3.21 0.6 NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 2.17 NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 2.15 0.9 NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 2.96 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA 2.08 NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA 3.01 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 2.17 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA 2.90 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA 6.03 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA 5.47 NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA 6.54 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA 5.77 NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA 6.05 NA NS NA NS NA
64 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-18

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 65

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 103—Continued

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-105

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-23-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-20-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-25-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 105

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 3.95 E NA 0.099 NA 1.59 NA 31.5 NA <0.2 NA

09-16-10 5.47 NA 0.120 NA 1.44 NA 31.6 NA <0.2 NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 4.71 NA 0.105 NA 1.87 NA 33.9 NA <0.2 NA

09-16-10 6.23 NA 0.150 NA 1.62 NA 32.5 NA <0.2 NA

09-16-10 6.42 3.0 0.120 22.2 1.63 0.6 32.9 1.2 <0.2 0.0

07-13-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 4.68 NA 0.096 NA 1.78 NA 33.2 NA <0.2 NA

09-15-10 5.96 NA 0.120 NA 1.63 NA 30.6 NA <0.2 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS 0.6 NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 5.40 NA 0.110 NA 1.79 NA 33.1 NA <0.2 NA

09-17-09 8.34 42.8 0.101 8.5 1.78 0.6 33.5 1.2 <0.2 0.0

09-15-10 5.97 NA 0.124 NA 1.61 NA 30.7 NA <0.2 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 5.24 NA 0.010 NA 1.72 NA 35.3 NA <0.2 NA

09-15-10 6.76 NA 0.123 NA 1.63 NA 33.3 NA <0.2 NA
66 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 105—Continued

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 0.032 NA 0.018 E NA 5.72 NA 0.162 NA <1 NA

09-16-10 0.034 NA 0.010 E NA 5.69 NA 0.080 NA <1 NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 0.031 NA 0.016 E NA 7.43 NA 0.113 NA < 1 NA

09-16-10 0.033 NA 0.010 E NA 7.36 NA 0.100 NA < 1 NA

09-16-10 0.031 6.3 0.010 E 0.0 7.33 0.4 0.040 85.7 < 1 0.0

07-13-11 NS NA NS NA 6.94 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 7.10 NA NS NA NS NA

09-17-09 NS NA NS NA 7.45 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 0.035 NA 0.011 E NA 7.17 NA 0.093 NA < 1 NA

09-15-10 0.034 NA < 0.02 NA 7.32 NA 0.057 NA < 1 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA 7.46 NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA 6.85 8.5 NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 7.60 NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA 8.15 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 0.033 NA 0.011 E NA 7.78 NA 0.093 NA < 1 NA

09-17-09 0.034 3.0 0.014 E 24.0 7.66 1.6 0.087 6.7 < 1 0.0

09-15-10 0.035 NA < 0.02 NA 7.90 NA 0.069 NA < 1 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA 7.72 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 8.00 NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA 7.98 0.3 NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA 7.94 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 0.032 NA < 0.02 NA 7.17 NA 0.091 NA <1 NA

09-15-10 0.030 NA < 0.02 NA 7.68 NA 0.093 NA <1 NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 105—Continued

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 9.20 NA < 0.06 NA 1.99 NA 11.8 NA < 0.01 NA

09-16-10 6.62 NA 0.020 E NA 2.08 NA 5.47 NA NS NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 < 4 NA < 0.06 NA 2.09 NA 0.200 NA < 0.01 NA

09-16-10 < 6 NA 0.020 E NA 2.08 NA 0.310 NA NS NA

09-16-10 < 6 0.0 < 0.030 NC 2.09 0.5 0.180 E 53.1 NS NA

07-13-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 < 4 NA < 0.06 NA 2.06 NA 0.180 E NA < 0.01 NA

09-15-10 < 6 NA < 0.030 NA 2.35 NA 0.196 E NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 67

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 105—Continued

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 < 4 NA < 0.06 NA 2.05 NA 0.153 E NA < 0.01 NA

09-17-09 < 4 0.0 < 0.06 0.0 2.09 1.9 0.137 E 11.0 < 0.01 0.0

09-15-10 7.30 NA < 0.030 NA 2.46 NA 0.175 E NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 < 4 NA < 0.06 NA 2.04 NA 0.606 NA < 0.01 NA

09-15-10 4.3 E NA < 0.030 NA 2.31 NA 0.359 NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 105—Continued

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 1.94 NA 0.548 NA 1.21 NA <0.008 NA 207 NA

09-16-10 2.18 NA 0.10 E NA 1.11 NA <0.010 NA 227 NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 2.20 NA 0.517 NA 1.28 NA <0.008 NA 218 NA

09-16-10 2.32 NA 0.110 E NA 1.15 NA <0.010 NA 236 NA

09-16-10 2.32 0.0 0.110 E 0.0 1.13 1.8 <0.010 0.0 235 0.4

07-13-11 NS NA NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA

09-17-09 NS NA NS NA NA NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 1.88 NA 0.464 NA 1.29 NA <0.008 NA 216 NA

09-15-10 1.80 NA 0.095 E NA 1.21 NA <0.010 NA 235 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 1.94 NA 0.470 NA 1.29 NA <0.008 NA 218 NA

09-17-09 1.92 1.0 0.490 4.2 1.23 4.8 <0.008 0.0 218 0.0

09-15-10 1.87 NA 0.284 NA 1.13 NA <0.010 NA 232 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 2.33 NA 0.531 NA 1.28 NA 0.004 E NA 217 NA

09-15-10 2.18 NA 0.131 NA 1.14 NA <0.010 NA 227 NA
68 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 105—Continued

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 < 0.04 NA 0.127 NA 1.62 NA 4.56 NA 7.32 NA

09-16-10 < 0.020 NA 0.119 NA 1.74 NA 5.03 NA 10.5 NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 < 0.04 NA 0.250 NA 1.81 NA 5.44 NA 2.70 NA

09-16-10 < 0.020 NA 0.198 NA 1.83 NA 5.66 NA 10.5 NA

09-16-10 < 0.020 0.0 0.205 3.5 1.84 0.5 5.63 0.05 12.4 16.6 QAW-21

07-13-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

09-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 < 0.04 NA 0.485 NA 1.70 NA 5.45 NA 2.35 NA

09-15-10 < 0.020 NA 0.162 NA 1.83 NA 5.69 NA 13.8 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-27

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 < 0.04 NA 0.131 NA 1.71 NA 5.75 NA 4.04 NA

09-17-09 < 0.04 0.0 0.135 3.0 1.69 1.2 5.68 1.2 3.92 3.0 QAW-16

09-15-10 < 0.020 NA 0.136 NA 1.81 NA 5.94 NA 3.71 NA

07-11-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-28-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-32

06-27-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 < 0.04 NA 0.631 NA 1.89 NA 5.14 NA 4.79 NA

09-15-10 < 0.020 NA 0.576 NA 1.89 NA 5.54 NA 3.00 NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 108

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 3.33 E NA 0.118 NA 1.22 NA 35.4 NA < 0.2 NA

06-23-11 3.12 NA 0.136 NA 1.62 NA 33.8 NA < 0.10 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 4.71 NA 0.103 NA 1.53 NA 36.1 NA < 0.2 NA

06-23-11 4.62 NA 0.114 NA 1.67 NA 36.9 NA < 0.10 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 4.13 NA 0.080 NA 1.49 NA 37.8 NA < 0.2 NA

06-23-11 4.11 NA 0.104 NA 1.62 NA 38.7 NA 0.103 NA

06-23-11 4.09 0.5 0.101 2.9 1.62 0.0 38.0 1.8 < 0.10 3.0

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 5.45 NA 0.084 NA 1.48 NA 44.3 NA < 0.2 NA

09-22-10 5.27 3.4 0.081 3.6 1.44 2.7 44.0 0.7 < 0.2 0.0

09-22-11 4.95 NA 0.101 NA 1.61 NA 41.7 NA 0.143 NA

09-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,072 09-20-10 4.10 NA 0.088 NA 0.308 NA 40.4 NA < 0.2 NA

06-22-11 2.10 NA 0.085 NA 0.467 NA 40.9 NA 0.101 NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 69

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 108—Continued

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 40.6 NA <0.030 NA 2.91 NA 28.3 NA < 0.010 NA

06-23-11 65.8 NA <0.015 NA 3.74 NA 6.86 NA NS NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 <6 NA <0.030 NA 2.34 NA 0.220 NA < 0.010 NA

06-23-11 <3.2 NA <0.015 NA 2.33 NA 0.239 NA NS NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 <6 NA <0.030 NA 2.26 NA <0.26 NA < 0.010 NA

06-23-11 <3.2 NA <0.015 NA 2.18 NA 0.271 NA NS NA

06-23-11 5.92 59.6 <0.015 0.0 2.20 0.9 0.256 5.7 NS NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 <6 NA <0.030 NA 2.37 NA <0.26 NA < 0.010 NA

09-22-10 <6 0.0 <0.030 0.0 2.38 0.4 <0.26 0.0 < 0.010 0.0

09-22-11 <3.2 NA 0.016 NA 2.30 NA 0.209 NA NS NA

09-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,072 09-20-10 <6 NA 0.025 E NA 2.61 NA 25.3 NA < 0.010 NA

06-22-11 <3.2 NA 0.017 NA 2.64 NA 26.8 NA NS NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 108—Continued

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 0.046 NA <0.02 NA 1.65 NA 0.120 NA <1 NA

06-23-11 0.036 NA 0.018 NA 2.22 NA 0.086 NA <0.5 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 0.035 NA <0.02 NA 6.10 NA 0.042 NA <1 NA

06-23-11 0.032 NA 0.045 NA 5.79 NA 0.068 NA <0.5 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 0.036 NA <0.02 NA 6.04 NA 0.028 NA <1 NA

06-23-11 0.036 NA 0.054 NA 5.59 NA 0.046 NA <0.5 NA

06-23-11 0.034 5.7 0.060 10.5 5.60 0.2 0.034 30.0 <0.5 0.0

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA 6.40 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA 5.42 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 0.042 NA <0.02 NA 6.05 NA 0.038 NA <1 NA

09-22-10 0.038 10.0 <0.02 0.0 5.93 2.0 0.034 11.1 <1 0.0

09-22-11 0.038 NA 0.041 NA 5.68 NA 0.052 NA <0.5 NA

09-26-12 NS NA NS NA 6.41 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA 5.29 NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA 5.51 4.1 NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,072 09-20-10 0.039 NA 0.013 E NA 2.94 NA 0.084 NA 4.33 NA

06-22-11 0.035 NA 0.036 NA 5.16 NA 0.072 NA <0.5 NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA 6.12 NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 NS NA NS NA 5.88 NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]
70 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 108—Continued

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 2.30 NA 0.655 NA 1.26 NA <0.010 NA 194 NA

06-23-11 2.50 NA 0.153 NA 1.45 NA <0.005 NA 194 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 1.87 NA 0.187 NA 1.43 NA <0.010 NA 215 NA

06-23-11 2.04 NA 0.179 NA 1.48 NA <0.005 NA 209 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 1.78 NA 0.081 E NA 1.48 NA <0.010 NA 222 NA

06-23-11 1.92 NA 0.151 NA 1.44 NA <0.005 NA 210 NA

06-23-11 1.94 1.0 0.144 4.7 1.43 0.7 <0.005 0.0 210 0.0

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 1.64 NA 0.284 NA 1.47 NA <0.010 NA 231 NA

09-22-10 1.65 0.6 0.280 1.4 1.46 0.7 <0.010 0.0 230 0.4

09-22-11 1.84 NA 0.125 NA 1.52 NA <0.005 NA 219 NA

09-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,072 09-20-10 3.77 NA 1.46 NA 1.45 NA <0.010 NA 239 NA

06-22-11 2.55 NA 1.10 NA 1.48 NA <0.005 NA 223 NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 108—Continued

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 < 0.020 NA 0.182 NA 1.45 NA 4.90 NA 1.95 E NA

06-23-11 < 0.010 NA 0.188 NA 1.59 NA 5.40 NA 9.50 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 < 0.020 NA 0.152 NA 1.41 NA 5.11 NA 1.77 E NA

06-23-11 < 0.010 NA 0.139 NA 1.43 NA 5.13 NA 7.79 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 < 0.020 NA 0.109 NA 1.40 NA 4.58 NA 1.90 E NA

06-23-11 < 0.010 NA 0.114 NA 1.37 NA 4.33 NA 8.40 NA

06-23-11 < 0.010 0.0 0.117 2.6 1.39 1.4 4.35 0.5 8.60 2.4 QAW-24

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 < 0.020 NA 0.102 NA 1.42 NA 4.42 NA 1.52 E NA

09-22-10 < 0.020 0.0 0.098 4.0 1.41 0.7 4.34 1.8 1.86 E 20.1 QAW-22

09-22-11 < 0.010 NA 0.104 NA 1.44 NA 4.22 NA 6.84 NA

09-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-26-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-39

Zone 1 1,072 09-20-10 < 0.020 NA 0.130 NA 1.12 NA 0.586 NA 11.8 NA

06-22-11 0.011 NA 0.262 NA 1.36 NA 0.793 NA 13.4 NA

06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-12-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 71

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 131A

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 <2.2 NA 0.218 NA 0.494 NA 21.9 NA <0.10 NA

07-17-13 3.14 NA 0.184 NA 1.30 NA 22.0 NA <0.10 NA

07-17-13 3.11 1.0 0.137 29.3 1.30 0.0 25.0 12.8 <0.10 0.0

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 3.51 NA 0.142 NA 1.30 NA 49.8 NA <0.10 NA

07-16-13 3.96 NA 0.135 NA 1.24 NA 47.0 NA <0.10 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 7.14 NA 0.106 NA 1.49 NA 46.1 NA <0.10 NA

07-16-13 7.41 NA 0.116 NA 1.36 NA 43.8 NA <0.10 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 6.61 NA 0.099 NA 1.47 NA 45.9 NA <0.10 NA

07-16-13 6.94 NA 0.104 NA 1.42 NA 41.0 NA <0.10 NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 131A—Continued

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 0.027 E NA 0.019 NA 6.06 NA 0.219 NA < 0.8 NA

07-17-13 0.033 NA <0.016 NA 10.5 NA 0.260 NA < 0.8 NA

07-17-13 0.032 3.1 <0.016 0.0 10.6 0.9 0.082 104.1 < 0.8 0.0

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 0.026 E NA <0.016 NA 10.6 NA 0.292 NA < 0.8 NA

07-16-13 0.037 NA <0.016 NA 10.8 NA 0.193 NA < 0.8 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 0.028 E NA <0.016 NA 5.35 NA 0.191 NA < 0.8 NA

07-16-13 0.036 NA <0.016 NA 5.31 NA 0.179 NA < 0.8 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 0.020 NA <0.016 NA 5.20 NA 0.102 NA < 0.8 NA

07-16-13 0.040 NA <0.016 NA 5.22 NA 0.195 NA < 0.8 NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 131A—Continued

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 2.45 NA 0.488 NA <0.005 NA

07-17-13 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 3.05 NA 0.482 NA NS NA

07-17-13 16.1 120.4 <0.025 0.0 3.07 0.7 0.243 65.9 NS NA

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 1.58 NA 0.580 NA <0.005 NA

07-16-13 9.01 NA <0.025 NA 1.99 NA 0.402 NA NS NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 1.84 NA 0.471 NA <0.005 NA

07-16-13 6.74 NA 0.026 NA 2.01 NA 0.436 NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 2.55 NA 0.258 NA <0.005 NA

07-16-13 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 2.27 NA 0.370 NA NS NA
72 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 131A—Continued

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 6.95 NA 0.756 NA 1.12 NA <0.005 NA 237 NA

07-17-13 2.79 NA 0.575 NA 1.08 NA <0.005 NA 239 NA

07-17-13 2.84 1.8 0.588 2.2 1.10 1.8 <0.005 0.0 239 NA

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 1.95 NA 0.389 NA 1.31 NA 0.007 NA 278 NA

07-16-13 1.82 NA 0.409 NA 1.13 NA <0.005 NA 291 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 1.16 NA 0.347 NA 1.25 NA <0.005 NA 235 NA

07-16-13 1.09 NA 0.332 NA 1.15 NA <0.005 NA 229 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 1.10 NA 0.296 NA 1.25 NA <0.005 NA 234 NA

07-16-13 1.08 NA 0.379 NA 1.15 NA <0.005 NA 236 NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 131A—Continued

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 < 0.010 NA 9.07 NA 1.93 NA 1.15 NA 7.08 NA

07-17-13 < 0.010 NA 6.75 NA 1.93 NA 3.89 NA 5.34 NA

07-17-13 < 0.010 0.0 6.88 1.9 1.95 1.0 3.92 0.8 5.72 6.9 QAW-41

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 < 0.010 NA 0.491 NA 1.87 NA 4.08 NA 5.22 NA

07-16-13 < 0.010 NA 0.332 NA 1.84 NA 4.21 NA 3.75 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 < 0.010 NA 0.092 NA 1.54 NA 4.04 NA 5.60 NA

07-16-13 < 0.010 NA 0.042 NA 1.52 NA 4.10 NA 6.85 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 < 0.010 NA 0.068 NA 1.60 NA 4.04 NA 4.70 NA

07-16-13 < 0.010 NA 0.251 NA 1.55 NA 4.08 NA 6.62 NA
Table 5 73

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 132

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 132—Continued

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 10.5 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 8.33 NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA 7.92 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.07 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 7.46 NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA 7.81 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA 7.80 NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 NS NA NS NA 7.94 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.21 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 7.59 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.19 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 7.56 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA 8.41 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 7.78 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 NS NA NS NA 8.08 NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 7.99 NA NS NA NS NA
74 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 132—Continued

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 3.34 NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 2.84 NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 2.64 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 2.55 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 2.50 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA 2.59 NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdemun Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 132—Continued

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 75

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 132—Continued

Zone 17 638 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-19-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 133

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
76 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 133—Continued

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 3.28 NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 2.99 9.3 NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 4.39 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 3.67 17.9 NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA 4.05 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA 5.84 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA 5.72 2.1 NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA 6.44 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 5.70 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 5.20 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 5.36 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 4.46 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 744 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA 5.06 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 4.50 NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 133—Continued

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 1.81 NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 1.68 7.4 NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 1.91 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 2.45 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA 2.60 NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 77

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 133—Continued

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 133—Continued

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-14

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-19

06-27-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-29

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

08-05-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
78 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 134

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-18-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 134—Continued

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 6.34 NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA 6.99 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA 4.96 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA 5.23 5.3 NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 5.28 NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA 6.97 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA 4.90 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA 6.02 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 6.43 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 6.67 3.7 NS NA NS NA

06-18-12 NS NA NS NA 6.45 NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA 5.5 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA 6.04 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 6.78 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA 3.01 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 5.61 NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 79

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 134—Continued

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA 3.09 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA 4.9 NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 <4 NA NS NA NS NA 0.648 NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 3.65 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-18-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 3.32 NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA 5.47 NA NS NA NS NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 134—Continued

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-18-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA
80 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 134—Continued

Zone 15 578 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-26

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-22-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-29-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 <4 NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-17

06-18-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 3 847 08-17-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 135

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 21.9 NA 0.104 NA 1.48 NA 56.2 NA <0.2 NA

09-14-10 7.94 NA 0.117 NA 1.38 NA 56.1 NA <0.2 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 4.41 NA 0.120 NA 0.881 NA 49.2 NA <0.2 NA

09-14-10 5.24 NA 0.120 NA 1.36 NA 42.6 NA <0.2 NA

07-07-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 6.64 NA 0.106 NA 1.28 NA 58.6 NA <0.2 NA

09-13-10 5.86 NA 0.114 NA 1.31 NA 58.3 NA <0.2 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 6.74 NA 0.101 NA 1.24 NA 47.8 NA <0.2 NA

09-13-10 6.08 NA 0.111 NA 1.29 NA 48.8 NA <0.2 NA
Table 5 81

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 135—Continued

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 0.023 NA 0.013 E NA 2.10 NA 0.313 NA <1 NA

09-14-10 0.022 NA 0.011 E NA 2.04 NA 0.088 NA <1 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 0.023 NA 0.023 NA 1.90 NA 0.178 NA <1 NA

09-14-10 0.021 NA < 0.02 NA 2.28 NA 0.079 NA <1 NA

07-07-11 NS NA NS NA 2.73 NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA 2.56 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA 2.74 NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA 2.40 13.2 NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 0.022 NA 0.014 E NA 2.07 NA 0.203 NA <1 NA

09-13-10 0.022 NA <0.02 NA 1.79 NA 0.089 NA <1 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 0.024 NA 0.013 E NA 2.28 NA 0.349 NA <1 NA

09-13-10 0.022 NA 0.024 NA 1.86 NA 0.122 NA 1.13 NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 135—Continued

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 2.35 E NA <0.06 NA 1.63 NA 0.932 NA <0.01 NA

09-14-10 6.15 NA 0.025 E NA 1.94 NA 0.353 NA NS NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 3.52 E NA <0.06 NA 1.59 NA 0.749 NA <0.01 NA

09-14-10 3.64 E NA <0.030 NA 1.54 NA 0.548 NA NS NA

07-07-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS 13.2 NS NA NS NA

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 4.84 NA 0.032 E NA 1.43 NA 5.78 NA <0.01 NA

09-13-10 3.76 E NA <0.030 NA 1.52 NA 1.23 NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 <4 NA <0.06 NA 2.05 NA 9.32 NA <0.01 NA

09-13-10 <6 NA 0.021 E NA 1.76 NA 2.87 NA NS NA
82 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 135—Continued

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 2.19 NA 0.634 NA 1.14 NA 0.013 NA 237 NA

09-14-10 2.11 NA 0.160 NA 1.02 NA <0.010 NA 245 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 3.79 NA 2.09 NA 1.11 NA <0.008 < 0.008 228 NA

09-14-10 2.97 NA 0.387 NA 1.01 NA <0.010 < 0.010 218 NA

07-07-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NS NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NS NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NS NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS 13.2 NS NS NS NA

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 3.12 NA 0.780 NA 1.15 NA < 0.008 < 0.008 241 NA

09-13-10 2.32 NA 0.181 NA 0.994 NA < 0.010 < 0.010 248 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 2.33 NA 1.37 NA 1.12 NA < 0.008 < 0.008 246 NA

09-13-10 2.22 NA 0.625 NA 0.975 NA < 0.010 < 0.010 246 NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 135—Continued

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 < 0.04 NA 2.43 NA 1.76 NA 2.64 NA 8.38 NA

09-14-10 < 0.020 NA 1.58 NA 1.64 NA 2.74 NA 7.96 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 < 0.04 NA 3.21 NA 1.57 NA 1.52 NA 28.1 NA

09-14-10 < 0.020 NA 1.48 NA 1.39 NA 2.92 NA 6.84 NA

07-07-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

06-24-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA QAW-40

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 < 0.04 NA 2.85 NA 1.69 NA 2.85 NA 12.4 NA

09-13-10 < 0.020 NA 0.773 NA 1.58 NA 2.66 NA 3.48 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 < 0.04 NA 0.854 NA 1.58 NA 3.79 NA 55.1 NA

09-13-10 < 0.020 NA 0.320 NA 1.51 NA 3.15 NA 33.2 NA
Table 5 83

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 137A

Zone 5 738 09-15-09 6.42 NA 0.102 NA 1.51 NA 30.5 NA < 0.10 NA

09-14-10 6.00 NA 0.143 NA 1.51 NA 30.6 NA < 0.10 NA

Zone 4 837 09-15-09 6.57 NA 0.122 NA 1.53 NA 31.1 NA < 0.10 NA

09-14-10 6.71 NA 0.145 NA 1.47 NA 28.9 NA < 0.10 NA

Zone 3 988 09-15-09 6.49 NA 0.145 NA 1.49 NA 32.6 NA < 0.10 NA

09-13-10 6.70 NA 0.128 NA 1.45 NA 31.2 NA < 0.10 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 7.66 NA 0.149 NA 1.56 NA 33.4 NA < 0.10 NA

09-13-10 7.81 NA 0.145 NA 1.48 NA 31.4 NA < 0.10 NA

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 137A—Continued

Zone 5 738 09-15-09 0.039 E NA 0.032 NA 6.65 NA 0.335 NA <0.8 NA

09-14-10 0.038 NA < 0.016 NA 6.91 NA 0.192 NA <0.8 NA

Zone 4 837 09-15-09 NS NA < 0.016 NA 6.57 NA 0.119 NA <0.8 NA

09-14-10 0.033 NA < 0.016 NA 6.44 NA 0.226 NA <0.8 NA

Zone 3 988 09-15-09 0.032 NA 0.019 NA 6.13 NA 0.126 NA <0.8 NA

09-13-10 0.032 NA < 0.016 NA 6.20 NA 0.162 NA <0.8 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 0.033 E NA < 0.016 NA 6.19 NA 0.178 NA <0.8 NA

09-13-10 0.036 NA 0.023 NA 5.97 NA 0.327 NA <0.8 NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 137A—Continued

Zone 5 738 09-15-09 <4.0 NA 0.027 NA 2.79 NA 0.669 NA <0.005 NA

09-14-10 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 2.36 NA 0.378 NA NS NA

Zone 4 837 09-15-09 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 2.50 NA 0.613 NA <0.005 NA

09-14-10 <4.0 NA <0.025 NA 2.09 NA 0.491 NA NS NA

Zone 3 988 09-15-09 6.40 NA <0.025 NA 2.45 NA 0.488 NA <0.005 NA

09-13-10 5.54 NA 0.032 NA 1.97 NA 0.385 NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 <4 NA <0.025 NA 2.44 NA 0.714 NA <0.005 NA

09-13-10 6.95 NA 0.035 NA 2.29 NA 0.822 NA NS NA
84 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selnium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 137A—Continued

Zone 5 738 09-15-09 2.52 NA 0.296 NA 1.16 NA < 0.005 NA 229 NA

09-14-10 2.47 NA 0.268 NA 1.12 NA < 0.005 NA 237 NA

Zone 4 837 09-15-09 2.64 NA 0.470 NA 1.16 NA < 0.005 NA 241 NA

09-14-10 2.46 NA 0.338 NA 1.08 NA < 0.005 NA 233 NA

Zone 3 988 09-15-09 2.54 NA 0.282 NA 1.13 NA < 0.005 NA 234 NA

09-13-10 2.48 NA 0.318 NA 1.08 NA < 0.005 NA 231 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 2.55 NA 0.666 NA 1.18 NA < 0.005 NA 236 NA

09-13-10 2.52 NA 0.536 NA 1.02 NA < 0.005 NA 238 NA

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well 

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

USGS 137A—Continued

Zone 5 738 09-15-09 < 0.010 NA 0.146 NA 1.94 NA 5.35 NA 5.87 NA

09-14-10 < 0.010 NA 0.107 NA 1.98 NA 5.67 NA 7.71 NA

Zone 4 837 09-15-09 < 0.010 NA 0.643 NA 2.02 NA 5.41 NA 3.62 NA

09-14-10 < 0.010 NA 0.488 NA 1.93 NA 5.42 NA 4.60 NA

Zone 3 988 09-15-09 < 0.010 NA 0.230 NA 1.99 NA 5.28 NA 8.67 NA

09-13-10 < 0.010 NA 0.130 NA 1.95 NA 5.45 NA 5.02 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 < 0.010 NA 5.00 NA 2.03 NA 5.38 NA 6.16 NA

09-13-10 < 0.010 NA 1.33 NA 1.96 NA 5.24 NA 9.26 NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

QAW-13 NA 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-20 NA 06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-28 NA 07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-30 NA 06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-31 NA 06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-37 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-38 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Bromide Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

QAW-13 NA 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA <1.2 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-20 NA 06-30-10 NS NA NS NA <1.2 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-28 NA 07-06-11 NS NA NS NA <0.6 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-30 NA 06-21-12 NS NA NS NA <0.6 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-31 NA 06-26-12 NS NA NS NA <0.6 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-37 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA <0.6 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-38 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA <0.6 NA NS NA NS NA
Table 5 85

Table 5. Concentrations of selected minor dissolved inorganic constituents in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake 

River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued 

[Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in micrograms per liter (μg/L). NS, not sampled; NC, not 

calculated. NA; not applicable; E, estimated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance WestbayTM sample. RPD; Relative percent difference in percent; <, less 

than]

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Iron Lead Lithium Manganese Mercury

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

QAW-13 NA 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-20 NA 06-30-10 NS NA NS NA <0.06 NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-28 NA 07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-30 NA 06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-31 NA 06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-37 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-38 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Strontium

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

QAW-13 NA 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-20 NA 06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-28 NA 07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-30 NA 06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-31 NA 06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-37 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

QAW-38 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA

Well

name

Port 

depth Date

Thallium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Zinc

Remarks

μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD μg/L RPD

QAW-13 NA 08-20-09 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 133

QAW-20 NA 06-30-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-28 NA 07-06-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-30 NA 06-21-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 135

QAW-31 NA 06-26-12 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 108

QAW-37 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 134

QAW-38 NA 07-10-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA NS NA Equipment blank at 

USGS 133
86 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level] Sample identifier Port depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks Middle 2050A Zone 15 517 08-19-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.941 NA 0.029 NA 0.471 E NA 06-28-10 0.012 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.902 NA 0.034 NA < 0.6 NA 06-27-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.832 NA 0.030 NA 0.300 NA 06-19-12 0.013 NA < 0.001 NA 0.519 NA 0.026 NA NS NA 07-10-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.799 NA 0.030 NA NS NA Zone 12 644 05-19-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.386 NA 0.020 NA 0.723 NA 06-28-10 0.013 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.401 NA 0.027 NA < 0.6 NA Zone 9 791 08-19-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.961 NA 0.020 NA 0.372 E NA 06-28-10 0.015 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.968 NA 0.027 NA < 0.6 NA Zone 6 999 08-19-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.907 NA 0.016 NA 1.65 NA 06-28-10 0.013 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.903 NA 0.023 NA < 0.6 NA Zone 3 1,180 08-19-09 0.110 NA < 0.002 NA < 0.04 NA 0.016 NA 1.87 NA 06-28-10 0.113 NA < 0.002 NA < 0.04 NA 0.024 NA 0.991 NA
Table 6 87

Sample

identifier

Port 

depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks

Middle 2051Zone 12 603 09-03-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.374 NA 0.025 NA < 0.6 NA

07-01-10 0.012 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.375 NA 0.034 NA < 0.6 NA

Zone 9 749 09-03-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.866 NA 0.021 NA < 0.6 NA

07-01-10 0.012 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.713 NA 0.021 NA < 0.6 NA

06-28-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.836 NA 0.027 NA < 0.3 NA

06-20-12 0.013 NA < 0.001 NA 0.861 NA 0.020 NA NS NA06-20-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.836 NA 0.024 NA NS NA

Zone 6 827 09-03-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.912 NA 0.021 NA < 0.6 NA

07-01-10 0.011 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.909 NA 0.029 NA < 0.6 NA

06-28-11 < 0.010 NA < 0.001 NA 0.883 NA 0.027 NA < 0.3 NA

06-20-12 0.013 NA < 0.001 NA 0.887 NA 0.022 NA NS NA06-20-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.891 NA 0.025 NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.902 NA 0.016 NA < 0.6 NA

07-01-10 0.011 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.912 NA 0.024 NA < 0.6 NA

06-28-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.903 NA 0.022 NA 0.303 NA

06-20-12 0.012 NA < 0.001 NA 0.889 NA 0.016 NA NS NA06-20-13 0.013 NA < 0.001 NA 0.901 NA 0.018 NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.867 NA 0.018 NA 0.359 E NA

07-01-10 0.017 E NA < 0.002 NA 0.878 NA 0.025 NA < 0.6 NA

06-28-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.855 NA 0.022 NA 0.505 NA

06-20-12 0.014 NA < 0.001 NA 0.863 NA 0.017 NA NS NA06-20-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.901 NA 0.018 NA NS NA

Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
88 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Sample identifier Port depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks USGS 103 Zone 17 680 08-25-09 0.040 NA < 0.002 NA 0.094 NA < 0.008 NA 0.829 NA 06-24-10 0.020 NA < 0.002 NA 0.098 NA 0.005 E NA < 0.6 NA Zone 15 802 08-25-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.665 NA 0.018 NA 0.323 E NA 06-23-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.675 NA 0.024 NA < 0.6 NA Zone 12 909 08-25-09 < 0.02 NA 0.002 E NA 0.504 NA 0.019 NA 0.905 NA 06-23-10 < 0.02 NA 0.002 NA 0.493 NA 0.026 NA < 0.6 NA Zone 9 993 08-24-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.678 NA 0.018 NA 1.60 NA 06-23-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.667 NA 0.023 NA < 0.6 NA 06-23-10 0.010 E NCR 0.001 E 0.0 0.668 0.0 0.023 0.0 < 0.6 0.0 QAW-18 06-21-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.673 NA 0.019 NA < 0.3 NA 06-25-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.708 NA 0.017 NA NS NA 06-25-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.720 NA 0.018 NA NS NA Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.776 NA 0.018 NA 0.300 E NA 08-24-09 < 0.02 0.0 < 0.002 0.0 0.777 0.0 0.019 1.4 0.764 21.8 QAW-15 06-23-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.767 NA 0.024 NA < 0.6 NA 06-21-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.770 NA 0.021 NA < 0.3 NA 06-25-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.737 NA 0.018 NA NS NA 06-25-13 0.017 NA < 0.001 NA 0.579 NA 0.037 NA NS NA Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.780 NA 0.019 NA 0.352 E NA 06-23-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.771 NA 0.024 NA < 0.6 NA 06-21-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.780 NA 0.017 NA < 0.3 NA 06-25-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.754 NA 0.018 NA NS NA 06-25-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.770 NA 0.019 NA NS NA Zone 1 1,258 08/25/09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.782 NA 0.019 NA 0.456 E NA 06/24/10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.776 NA 0.027 NA < 0.6 NA 06/20/11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.782 NA 0.017 NA < 0.3 NA 06/25/12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.769 NA 0.019 NA NS NA 06/25/13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.825 NA 0.019 NA NS NA Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
Table 6 89

Sample

identifier

Port 

depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks

USGS 105Zone 13 728 09-18-09 < 0.02 NA 0.003 NA 0.600 NA 0.017 NA 0.762 NA

09-16-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.675 NA 0.023 NA 0.489 E NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.698 NA 0.019 NA 0.430 E NA

09-16-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.686 NA 0.025 NA 0.425E NA09-16-10 < 0.02 0.0 < 0.002 0.0 0.686 0.0 0.025 0.0 0.483E 3.2 QAW-21

07-13-11 < 0.01 NA 0.001 NA 0.686 NA 0.024 NA 0.381 NA

06-28-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.662 NA 0.018 NA NS NA06-27-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.715 NA 0.019 NA NS NA

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.782 NA 0.019 NA 0.462 E NA

09-15-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.770 NA 0.023 NA 0.350 E NA

07-11-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.788 NA 0.024 NA 0.371 NA07-11-11 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.782 0.2 0.024 0.0 0.449 4.8 QAW-27

06-28-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.745 NA 0.018 NA NS NA06-27-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.791 NA 0.018 NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.746 NA 0.019 NA 0.614 NA

09-17-09 < 0.02 0.0 < 0.002 0.0 0.744 0.1 0.018 1.4 0.379 E 11.8 QAW-1609-15-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.753 NA 0.023 NA 0.459 E NA

07-11-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.758 NA 0.024 NA 0.399 NA

06-28-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.725 NA 0.018 NA NS NA06-28-12 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.720 0.2 0.018 0.0 NS NA QAW-3206-27-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.776 NA 0.018 NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.648 NA 0.018 NA 1.02 E NA

09-15-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.640 NA 0.023 NA 0.428 E NA

Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
90 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Sample identifier Port depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks USGS 108 Zone 11 728 09-21-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.718 NA 0.020 NA 0.304 E NA 06-23-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.732 NA 0.021 NA 0.327 NA Zone 9 851 09-21-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.903 NA 0.025 NA < 0.6 NA 06-23-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.866 NA 0.025 NA 0.494 NA Zone 7 952 09-20-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.968 NA 0.024 NA 0.344 E NA 06-23-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.914 NA 0.023 NA 0.301 NA 06-23-11 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.914 0.0 0.023 0.0 0.408 7.5 QAW-24 06-26-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.920 NA 0.018 NA NS NA 06-26-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.977 NA 0.018 NA NS NA Zone 4 1,072 09-22-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 1.06 NA 0.024 NA 0.346 E NA 09-22-10 < 0.02 0.0 < 0.002 0.0 1.05 0.2 0.024 0.0 0.301 E 0.0 QAW-22 06-23-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.00 NA 0.023 NA < 0.3 NA 06-26-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.02 NA 0.017 NA NS NA 06-26-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.06 NA 0.018 NA NS NA 06-26-13 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 1.06 0.0 0.017 1.4 NS NA QAW-39 Zone 1 1,242 09-20-10 < 0.02 NA 0.014 NA 1.01 NA 0.018 NA 0.688 NA 06-22-11 0.0142 NA 0.010 NA 0.938 NA 0.021 NA 0.355 NA 06-26-12 < 0.01 NA 0.012 NA 0.987 NA 0.020 NA NS NA 06-12-13 0.011 NA 0.007 NA 1.02 NA 0.023 NA NS NA USGS 131A Zone 12 616 10-29-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.881 NA 0.013 NA NS NA 07-17-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.918 NA 0.019 NA NS NA 07-17-13 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.872 1.3 0.019 0.0 NS NA QAW-41 Zone 8 812 10-29-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.27 NA 0.019 NA NS NA 07-16-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.30 NA 0.017 NA NS NA Zone 5 981 10-29-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.02 NA 0.020 NA NS NA 07-16-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.03 NA 0.018 NA NS NA Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.03 NA 0.018 NA NS NA 07-16-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 1.05 NA 0.019 NA NS NA Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
Table 6 91

Sample

identifier

Port 

depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks

USGS 132Zone 17 638 08-27-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.936 NA 0.019 NA 0.681 NA

06-30-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.856 NA 0.027 NA < 0.6 NA

07-06-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.833 NA 0.026 NA 0.362 NA

Zone 14 765 08-27-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.723 NA 0.019 NA 0.311 E NA

06-30-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.726 NA 0.027 NA < 0.6 NA

07-06-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.714 NA 0.026 NA < 0.3 NA

06-19-12 0.011 NA < 0.001 NA 0.725 NA 0.018 NA NS NA06-19-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.744 NA 0.021 NA NS NA

Zone 11 827 08-27-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.682 NA 0.018 NA 1.07 NA

06-30-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.675 NA 0.026 NA < 0.6 NA

Zone 8 919 08-27-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.669 NA 0.019 NA 0.724 NA

06-30-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.671 NA 0.026 NA < 0.6 NA

Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.690 NA 0.019 NA 1.56 NA

06-30-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.677 NA 0.025 NA < 0.6 NA

Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.751 NA 0.020 NA 0.908 NA

06-30-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.747 NA 0.027 NA < 0.6 NA

Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
92 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Sample identifier Port depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks USGS 133 Zone 10 469 08-20-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.772 NA 0.013 NA 0.923 NA 08-20-09 < 0.02 0.0 < 0.002 0.0 0.774 0.1 0.013 0.0 0.628 9.5 QAW-14 08-05-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.781 NA 0.017 NA 0.610 NA 08-05-10 < 0.02 0.0 < 0.002 0.0 0.786 0.6 0.017 0.0 0.663 8.3 QAW-19 06-27-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.778 NA 0.021 NA < 0.3 NA 06-21-12 0.015 NA < 0.001 NA 0.789 NA 0.019 NA NS NA 06-21-12 0.015 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.794 0.2 0.019 0.0 NS NA QAW-29 06-24-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.789 NA 0.019 NA NS NA Zone 7 570 08-20-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.900 NA 0.028 NA 0.977 NA 08-05-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.908 NA 0.030 NA 0.742 NA Zone 4 686 08-20-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.870 NA 0.022 NA 0.446 E NA 08-05-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 1.07 NA 0.024 NA 0.492 E NA Zone 1 746 08-20-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 1.20 NA 0.022 NA 0.691 NA 08-05-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 1.17 NA 0.023 NA 0.560 E NA Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
Table 6 93

Sample

identifier

Port 

depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks

USGS 134Zone 15 578 08-18-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.620 NA 0.276 NA 0.307 E NA

06-22-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.611 NA 0.150 NA < 0.6 NA

06-29-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.613 NA 0.115 NA 0.381 NA06-29-11 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.613 0.0 0.115 0.0 0.464 4.9 QAW-26

Zone 12 646 08-18-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.613 NA 1.92 NA < 0.6 NA

06-22-10 0.011 E NA 0.001 E NA 0.567 NA 1.70 NA < 0.6 NA

06-29-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.545 NA 1.33 NA 0.603 NA

Zone 9 706 08-18-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.459 NA 0.049 NA 1.26 NA

06-21-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.462 NA 0.053 NA < 0.6 NA06-21-10 0.011 E NC 0.001 E 0.0 0.459 0.2 0.052 0.5 < 0.6 0.0 QAW-1706-18-12 0.013 NA < 0.001 NA 0.484 NA 0.041 NA NS NA07-10-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.468 NA 0.036 NA NS NA

Zone 6 807 08-17-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.678 NA 0.637 NA 0.921 NA

06-21-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.667 NA 0.519 NA < 0.6 NA

USGS 135Zone 10 738 09-15-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.784 NA 0.017 NA 0.607 NA

09-14-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.765 NA 0.020 NA 0.307 E NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 < 0.02 NA 0.004 NA 0.655 NA 0.026 NA 0.511 E NA

09-14-10 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA 0.577 NA 0.026 NA < 0.6 NA

07-07-11 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.573 NA 0.025 NA < 0.3 NA

06-21-12 0.013 NA < 0.001 NA 0.587 NA 0.018 NA NS NA06-24-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.796 NA 0.019 NA NS NA06-24-13 < 0.01 0.0 < 0.001 0.0 0.588 7.5 0.018 1.4 NS NA QAW-40

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 < 0.02 NA 0.002 E NA 0.779 NA 0.025 NA 0.398 E NA

09-13-10 < 0.02 NA 0.001 E NA 0.770 NA 0.023 NA 0.438 E NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 < 0.02 NA 0.003 NA 0.717 NA 0.026 NA < 0.6 NA

09-13-10 < 0.02 NA 0.005 NA 0.714 NA 0.022 NA 0.367 E NA

Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
94 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Sample identifier Port depth Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks USGS 137A Zone 5 662 10-24-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.698 NA 0.016 NA NS NA 07-15-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.705 NA 0.015 NA NS NA Zone 4 747 10-23-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.661 NA 0.016 NA NS NA 07-15-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.665 NA 0.015 NA NS NA Zone 3 841 10-23-12 < 0.01 NA 0.001 NA 0.614 NA 0.017 NA NS NA 07-15-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.637 NA 0.017 NA NS NA Zone 1 876 10-23-12 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.633 NA 0.018 NA NS NA 07-15-13 < 0.01 NA < 0.001 NA 0.655 NA 0.018 NA NS NA Sample identifier Date Ammonia (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite (as nitrogen) RPD Nitrite plus nitrate (as nitrogen) RPD Orthophosphate (as phosphorus) RPD Total organic carbon RPD Remarks QAW-13 08-20-09 < 0.02 NA < 0.002 NA < 0.04 NA < 0.008 NA 0.328 E NA Equipment Blank at USGS 133 QAW-20 06-30-10 0.011 E NA < 0.002 NA < 0.04 NA < 0.008 NA < 0.6 NA Equipment Blank at USGS 132 QAW-28 07-06-11 < 0.010 NA < 0.0010 NA < 0.020 NA < 0.004 NA < 0.3 NA Equipment Blank at USGS 132 QAW-30 06-21-12 0.013 NA < 0.0010 NA < 0.04 NA < 0.004 NA NS NA Field Blank at USGS 135 QAW-31 06-26-12 < 0.010 NA < 0.0010 NA < 0.04 NA < 0.004 NA NS NA Equipment Blank at USGS 108 QAW-37 07-10-13 < 0.010 NA < 0.0010 NA < 0.04 NA < 0.004 NA NS NA Field Blank at USGS 134 QAW-38 07-10-13 < 0.010 NA < 0.0010 NA < 0.040 NA < 0.004 NA NS NA Equipment Blank at USGS 134 Table 6. Concentrations of dissolved nutrients and total organic carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [Well locations are shown in figure 2. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in milligrams per liter. E, estimated: NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NC, Not calculated. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RPD, Relative percent difference. <, less than, NCR, not calculated because one of the samples had a concentration less than the reporting level]
Table 7 95

Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date

Gross alphaparticle 

radioactivity 

Z-value

Gross betaparticle 

radioactivity

Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks

Middle 2050A

Zone 15 517 08-19-09 3.5 ± 1.2 NA 3.6 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 60 ± 60 NA NS NA 13 ± 10 NA

06-28-10 5 ± 3 NA 2.6 ± 1.0 NA NS NA 160 ± 60 NA NS NA 14 ± 7 NA

06-27-11 -2 ± 3 NA 2.5 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 170 ± 60 NA NS NA 36 ± 13 NA

06-19-12 2 ± 2 NA 12.9 ± 1.2 NA NS NA 20 ± 60 NA NS NA 3 ± 5 NA07-10-13 3 ± 2 NA 2.7 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 80 ± 40 NA NS NA 12 ± 7 NA

Zone 12 644 08-19-09 2.2 ± 1 NA 2.9 ± 0.8 NA NS NA -20 ± 60 NA NS NA 10 ± 9 NA

06-28-09 -1.19 ± 2.66 NA 2.1 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 190 ± 60 NA NS NA 3 ± 14 NA

Zone 9 797 08-19-09 2.8 ± 1.1 NA 2.5 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 20 ± 60 NA NS NA 24 ± 12 NA

06-28-10 2 ± 3 NA 2.2 ± 1.1 NA NS NA -40 ± 60 NA NS NA 14.2 ± 18.4 NA

Zone 6 999 08-19-09 2.4 ± 1 NA 1.4 ± 0.7 NA NS NA -90 ± 60 NA NS NA 3 ± 9 NA

06-28-10 2 ± 3 NA 1.7 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 40 ± 60 NA NS NA 17 ± 15 NA

Zone 3 1,180 08-19-09 0.8 ± 0.8 NA 1.1 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 30 ± 20 NA

06-28-10 -2 ± 3 NA 2.3 ± 1.2 NA NS NA 170 ± 60 NA NS NA 12 ± 8 NA
96 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Sample identifier Port depth Date Gross alpha- particle radioactivity Z-value Gross beta- particle radioactivity Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks Middle 2051 Zone 12 603 09-03-09 2.3 ± 1 NA 1.8 ± 0.7 NA NS NA -10 ± 60 NA NS NA 32 ± 12 NA 07-01-10 3 ± 3 NA 2.6 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 190 ± 60 NA NS NA 19 ± 9 NA Zone 9 749 09-03-09 3.4 ± 1.2 NA 2.8 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 400 ± 70 NA NS NA 9 ± 9 NA 07-01-10 3 ± 3 NA 1.6 ± 1 NA NS NA 490 ± 70 NA NS NA 3 ± 3 NA 06-28-11 -0.05 ± 2.29 NA 4.9 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 320 ± 70 NA NS NA 18 ± 8 NA 06-20-12 2 ± 3 NA 1 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 280 ± 60 NA NS NA 11 ± 7 NA 06-20-13 1 ± 1.5 NA 3.4 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 340 ± 50 NA NS NA 29 ± 10 NA Zone 6 827 09-03-09 4.1 ± 1.3 NA 3.4 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 440 ± 70 NA NS NA 18 ± 12 NA 07-01-10 4 ± 3 NA 2.1 ± 1 NA NS NA 640 ± 80 NA NS NA 14 ± 13 NA 06-28-11 4 ± 3 NA 4.8 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 500 ± 70 NA NS NA 21 ± 9 NA 06-20-12 -2 ± 3 NA 1 ± 1 NA NS NA 520 ± 70 NA NS NA 15 ± 9 NA 06-20-13 3 ± 2 NA 2.1 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 400 ± 50 NA NS NA 15 ± 8 NA Zone 3 1,091 09-03-09 2.4 ± 1 NA 2.7 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 5 ± 9 NA 07-01-10 0 ± 13 NA 1.5 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 370 ± 70 NA NS NA 15 ± 16 NA 06-28-11 -0.02 ± 0.98 NA 3.6 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 290 ± 60 NA NS NA 30 ± 11 NA 06-20-12 0 ± 2 NA 8.1 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 21 ± 11 NA 06-20-13 3 ± 2 NA 2.5 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 200 ± 50 NA NS NA 17 ± 8 NA Zone 1 1,141 09-03-09 2.9 ± 1.1 NA 2.7 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 190 ± 60 NA NS NA 30 ± 20 NA 07-01-10 1.14 ± 2.8 NA 0.6 ± 1 NA NS NA 370 ± 70 NA NS NA -30 ± 30 NA 06-28-11 -1.15 ± 2.64 NA 3 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 200 ± 60 NA NS NA 27 ± 11 NA 06-20-12 -1 ± 3 NA 3.1 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 10 ± 6 NA 06-20-13 5 ± 2 NA 4.8 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 210 ± 50 NA NS NA 15 ± 8 NA Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory]
Table 7 97

Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued[See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date

Gross alphaparticle 

radioactivity 

Z-value

Gross betaparticle 

radioactivity

Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks

USGS 103

Zone 17 680 08-25-09 -0.152 ± 0.59 NA 2.3 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 30 ± 60 NA NS NA 5 ± 9 NA

06-24-10 1.57 ± 2.64 NA 1.7 ± 1 NA NS NA 50 ± 60 NA NS NA 17 ± 13 NA

Zone 15 802 08-25-09 2.5 ± 1 NA 2.5 ± 0.8 NA NS NA -40 ± 60 NA NS NA 22 ± 9 NA

06-23-10 6 ± 3 NA 2.3 ± 1 NA NS NA 100 ± 60 NA NS NA 17 ± 12 NA

Zone 12 909 08-25-09 5.1 ± 1.5 NA 3.7 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 30 ± 60 NA NS NA 7 ± 8 NA

06-23-10 0 ± 20 NA 2.2 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 140 ± 60 NA NS NA -15 ± 10 NA

Zone 9 993 08-24-09 3 ± 1.1 NA 1.5 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 80 ± 60 NA NS NA 39 ± 13 NA

06-23-10 2 ± 3 NA 3.3 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 320 ± 70 NA NS NA -1 ± 11 NA06-23-10 5 ± 3 0.71 3.6 ± 1.1 0.19 NS NA 290 ± 70 0.30 NS NA 11 ± 9 0.84 QAW-18

06-21-11 -0.04 ± 1.8 NA 4.4 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 8 ± 8 NA

06-25-12 -5 ± 3 NA 2.2 ± 1 NA NS NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 25 ± 8 NA06-25-13 2.7 ± 1.8 NA 2.2 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 240 ± 50 NA NS NA 15 ± 8 NA

Zone 6 1,087 08-24-09 1.3 ± 0.8 NA 2 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 270 ± 60 NA NS NA 30 ± 13 NA

08-24-09 1.6 ± 0.9 0.25 2.3 ± 0.7 0.30 NS NA 310 ± 70 0.43 NS NA 34 ± 14 0.21 QAW-1506-23-10 3 ± 3 NA 2.5 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 370 ± 70 NA NS NA 1 ± 4 NA

06-21-11 3 ± 3 NA 4 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 290 ± 60 NA NS NA 13 ± 8 NA

06-25-12 -2 ± 3 NA 3.6 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 380 ± 70 NA NS NA 24 ± 10 NA06-25-13 1.1 ± 1.5 NA 2.1 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 280 ± 50 NA NS NA 20 ± 8 NA

Zone 3 1,210 08-24-09 2.5 ± 1 NA 3.8 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 310 ± 70 NA NS NA 23 ± 11 NA

06-23-10 8 ± 4 NA 1.9 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 480 ± 70 NA NS NA -1 ± 9 NA

06-21-11 3 ± 3 NA 5.2 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 350 ± 70 NA NS NA 7 ± 7 NA

06-25-12 0 ± 0.2 NA 2.4 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 150 ± 60 NA NS NA 28 ± 10 NA06-25-13 2.2 ± 1.7 NA 3.2 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 250 ± 50 NA NS NA 17 ± 9 NA

Zone 1 1,258 08-25-09 0.8 ± 0.8 NA 2.3 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 300 ± 60 NA NS NA 20 ± 20 NA

06-24-10 13 ± 5 NA 3.1 ± 1 NA NS NA 510 ± 70 NA NS NA 12 ± 9 NA

06-20-11 3 ± 3 NA 4.4 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 380 ± 70 NA NS NA 22 ± 9 NA

06-25-12 7 ± 3 NA 3.1 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 220 ± 60 NA NS NA 18 ± 7 NA06-25-13 4 ± 2 NA 3.1 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 260 ± 50 NA NS NA 26 ± 10 NA
98 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory] Sample identifier Port depth Date Gross alpha- particle radioactivity Z-value Gross beta- particle radioactivity Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks USGS 105 Zone 13 728 09-18-09 1.4 ± 0.9 NA 1.7 ± 0.7 NA 0.2 ± 0.7 NA 60 ± 60 NA NS NA 7 ± 9 NA 09-16-10 10 ± 4 NA 4.3 ± 0.8 NA 0.7 ± 0.7 NA 140 ± 50 NA 171.3 ± 5.4 NA 31 ± 17 NA Zone 11 851 09-18-09 5.8 ± 1.6 NA 3.3 ± 0.8 NA 0.1 ± 0.7 NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 14 ± 10 NA 09-16-10 0 ± 2 NA 2.6 ± 0.8 NA 0.5 ± 0.7 NA 180 ± 50 NA 186.3 ± 5.7 NA 32 ± 11 NA 09-16-10 2 ± 2 0.707 3.3 ± 0.8 0.619 0 ± 0.8 0.470 230 ± 50 0.707 183.1 ± 5.4 0.408 -12.4 ± 21.9 1.81 QAW-21 07-13-11 10 ± 4 NA 7.1 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 140 ± 60 NA NS NA 30 ± 10 NA 06-28-12 -0.005 ± 0.218 NA 2.8 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 190 ± 60 NA NS NA 21 ± 9 NA 06-27-13 1.6 ± 1.6 NA 4.1 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 190 ± 50 NA NS NA 1 ± 6 NA Zone 8 952 09-17-09 2.9 ± 1.1 NA 1.6 ± 0.7 NA 0.5 ± 0.8 NA 200 ± 60 NA NS NA 20 ± 12 NA 09-15-10 1.51 ± 2.13 NA 5.7 ± 0.9 NA 0.9 ± 0.7 NA 680 ± 60 NA 231.3 ± 6.7 NA 25 ± 8 NA Rerun 09-15-10 NA NA NA NA NA NA 190 ± 50 NA NA NA NA NA 07-11-11 3 ± 3 NA 7.3 ± 1 NA NS NA 230 ± 60 NA NS NA 14 ± 6 NA 07-11-11 5 ± 3 0.471 5.8 ± 0.9 1.11 NS NA 200 ± 60 0.354 NS NA 3 ± 6 1.30 QAW-27 06-28-12 1.13 ± 2.78 NA 1.1 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 120 ± 60 NA NS NA 29 ± 11 NA 06-27-13 2.2 ± 1.7 NA 3.6 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 190 ± 50 NA NS NA 12 ± 6 NA Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 1.3 ± 0.8 NA 3.7 ± 0.8 NA 0.1 ± 0.7 NA 270 ± 60 NA NS NA 4 ± 9 NA 09-17-09 1.5 ± 0.9 0.166 5.8 ± 0.9 1.74 0.6 ± 0.7 0.505 270 ± 60 0.00 NS NA 2 ± 8 0.166 QAW-16 09-15-10 2 ± 2 NA 3.7 ± 0.8 NA 0.6 ± 0.7 NA 260 ± 50 NA 262.9 ± 7.7 NA -12 ± 11 NA 07-11-11 -1 ± 3 NA 5.7 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 250 ± 60 NA NS NA 11 ± 7 NA 06-28-12 -3 ± 3 NA 1.4 ± 1 NA NS NA 240 ± 60 NA NS NA 5 ± 5 NA 06-28-12 -6 ± 3 0.707 2.8 ± 1 0.990 NS NA 160 ± 60 0.943 NS NA 14 ± 7 1.05 QAW-32 06-27-13 2.2 ± 1.7 NA 2.9 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 320 ± 50 NA NS NA 6 ± 7 NA Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 1.3 ± 0.8 NA 2.2 ± 0.7 NA 0.1 ± 0.7 NA 80 ± 60 NA NS NA 40 ± 20 NA 09-15-10 2 ± 2 NA 3.4 ± 0.8 NA 0.3 ± 0.7 NA 210 ± 50 NA 126.3 ± 4.1 NA 18 ± 12 NA
Table 7 99

Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued[See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date

Gross alphaparticle 

radioactivity 

Z-value

Gross betaparticle 

radioactivity

Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks

USGS 108

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 0 ± 2 NA 2.5 ± 0.8 NA -0.3 ± 0.7 NA 80 ± 50 NA NS NA 3 ± 6 NA

06-23-11 -2 ± 3 NA 5.4 ± 0.9 NA -0.5 ± 0.8 NA 30 ± 60 NA 58.8 ± 3 NA 8 ± 4 NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 7 ± 3 NA 3.8 ± 0.8 NA -0.3 ± 0.7 NA 190 ± 50 NA NS NA 10 ± 20 NA

06-23-11 -3 ± 3 NA 5.1 ± 0.9 NA 0.3 ± 0.8 NA 80 ± 60 NA 119 ± 3 NA 8 ± 8 NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 4 ± 3 NA 4.5 ± 0.8 NA 1.2 ± 0.7 NA 130 ± 50 NA NS NA 33 ± 14 NA

06-23-11 -0.7 ± 3.11 NA 5.7 ± 0.9 NA 0.5 ± 0.8 NA 50 ± 60 NA 79.3 ± 2.4 NA 27 ± 11 NA06-23-11 6 ± 3 1.55 8.5 ± 1 2.08 0.9 ± 0.8 0.35 20 ± 60 0.35 78.5 ± 2.9 0.21 21 ± 10 0.40 QAW-24

06-26-12 -8 ± 3 NA 1.1 ± 1.5 NA NS NA 10 ± 60 NA NS NA 6 ± 7 NA06-26-13 0.5 ± 1.4 NA 3.4 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 20 ± 40 NA NS NA 12 ± 6 NA

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 -2 ± 2 NA 2 ± 8 NA -0.122 ± 0.674 NA 100 ± 50 NA NS NA 39 ± 14 NA

09-22-10 1.67 ± 2.35 1.19 2.9 ± 0.8 0.80 0 ± 0.6 0.14 190 ± 50 1.27 NS NA 30 ± 11 0.51 QAW-22

06-22-11 7 ± 3 NA 5.5 ± 0.9 NA -0.4 ± 0.8 NA 110 ± 60 NA 83.6 ± 3.1 NA 24 ± 10 NA

06-26-12 -6 ± 3 NA 0.9 ± 1.3 NA NS NA 60 ± 60 NA NS NA 7 ± 4 NA06-26-13 0 ± 3 NA 2.4 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 60 ± 40 NA NS NA 9 ± 6 NA06-26-13 1.1 ± 1.5 0.33 2.9 ± 0.8 0.44 NS NA 20 ± 40 0.71 NS NA 25 ± 10 1.37 QAW-39

Zone 1 1,172 09-20-10 3 ± 2 NA 2.7 ± 0.8 NA 0.3 ± 0.7 NA 160 ± 50 NA NS NA 21 ± 13 NA

06-22-11 5 ± 3 NA 6.9 ± 0.9 NA -0.128 ± 0.768 NA 80 ± 60 NA 97.4 ± 3.3 NA 3 ± 5 NA

06-26-12 -8 ± 3 NA 3.3 ± 1 NA NS NA 40 ± 60 NA NS NA 23 ± 8 NA06-26-13 2.2 ± 1.7 NA 5.4 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 120 ± 50 NA NS NA 7 ± 7 NA
100 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory] Sample identifier Port depth Date Gross alpha- particle radioactivity Z-value Gross beta- particle radioactivity Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks USGS 131A Zone 12 616 10-29-12 1.56 ± 1.83 NA 3.4 ± 0.8 NA 0.6 ± 0.6 NA 940 ± 70 NA NS NA 12 ± 6 NA 07-17-13 0.5 ± 1.3 NA 3.8 ± 0.8 NA -0.4 ± 0.7 NA 1,010 ± 60 NA 983 ± 26.3 NA 7 ± 5 NA 07-17-13 5 ± 2 1.89 3.2 ± 0.8 0.53 0.6 ± 0.7 1.01 860 ± 60 1.77 965 ± 25.6 0.49 34 ± 12 2.08 QAW-41 Zone 8 812 10-29-12 0 ± 3 NA 5.2 ± 0.9 NA 1.3 ± 0.6 NA 1,590 ± 90 NA NS NA 22 ± 7 NA 07-16-13 2.2 ± 1.7 NA 3.2 ± 0.8 NA -0.3 ± 0.7 NA 1,550 ± 70 NA 1,454 ± 38.5 NA 10 ± 7 NA Zone 5 981 10-29-12 -1.19 ± 1.85 NA 3.5 ± 0.9 NA 1.8 ± 0.7 NA 150 ± 60 NA NS NA 13 ± 6 NA 07-16-13 1.7 ± 1.6 NA 2.6 ± 0.8 NA 0.7 ± 0.7 NA 170 ± 50 NA 149 ± 4.86 NA 5 ± 4 NA Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 1.32 ± 1.83 NA 3.8 ± 0.8 NA 0.7 ± 0.6 NA 140 ± 60 NA NS NA 29 ± 10 NA 07-16-13 1.6 ± 1.6 NA 2.9 ± 0.8 NA 0.9 ± 0.8 NA 200 ± 50 NA 133 ± 4.51 NA 14 ± 9 NA USGS 132 Zone 17 638 08-27-09 2.4 ± 1 NA 5.2 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 80 ± 60 NA NS NA -3 ± 6 NA 06-30-10 6 ± 3 NA 6 ± 1.2 NA NS NA 270 ± 70 NA NS NA 14 ± 7 NA 07-06-11 1.53 ± 2.5 NA 5.7 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 200 ± 60 NA NS NA 8 ± 7 NA Zone 14 765 08-27-09 3.5 ± 1.2 NA 3.5 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 230 ± 60 NA NS NA 25 ± 10 NA 06-30-10 6 ± 4 NA 0.9 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 410 ± 70 NA NS NA 9 ± 7 NA 07-06-11 0 ± 2 NA 6.6 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 240 ± 60 NA NS NA 22 ± 10 NA 06-19-12 -8 ± 3 NA 0.308 ± 2.28 NA NS NA 170 ± 60 NA NS NA 16 ± 10 NA 06-19-13 4 ± 2 NA 2.9 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 300 ± 50 NA NS NA 16 ± 7 NA Zone 11 827 08-27-09 1.9 ± 0.9 NA 1.8 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 18 ± 13 NA 06-30-10 6 ± 4 NA 0.7 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 280 ± 70 NA NS NA 17 ± 14 NA Zone 8 919 08-27-09 3.1 ± 1.1 NA 1.5 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 35 ± 13 NA 06-30-10 3 ± 3 NA 3 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 310 ± 70 NA NS NA -11 ± 10 NA Zone 5 1,012 08-27-09 2.2 ± 1 NA 2.2 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 210 ± 60 NA NS NA 90 ± 70 NA 06-30-10 6 ± 3 NA 2.2 ± 1 NA NS NA 340 ± 70 NA NS NA 30 ± 20 NA Zone 1 1,173 08-26-09 1.5 ± 0.9 NA 3.3 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 200 ± 60 NA NS NA 10 ± 20 NA 06-30-10 4 ± 3 NA 3.1 ± 1.1 NA NS NA 380 ± 70 NA NS NA -30 ± 20 NA
Table 7 101

Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued[See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date

Gross alphaparticle 

radioactivity 

Z-value

Gross betaparticle 

radioactivity

Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks

USGS 133

Zone 10 469 08-20-09 2.9 ± 1.1 NA 4.3 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 80 ± 60 NA NS NA 8 ± 11 NA

08-20-09 1.7 ± 0.9 0.84 2.8 ± 0.8 1.25 NS NA -30 ± 60 1.30 NS NA 32 ± 9 1.69 QAW-1408-05-10 -2 ± 2 NA 2.6 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 80 ± 50 NA NS NA -16 ± 12 NA08-05-10 4 ± 2 2.12 2.9 ± 0.7 0.28 NS NA 140 ± 50 0.85 NS NA 5 ± 12 1.24 QAW-19

06-27-11 4 ± 3 NA 5.8 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 90 ± 60 NA NS NA 10 ± 7 NA

06-21-12 -5 ± 3 NA 3.2 ± 1 NA NS NA -60 ± 60 NA NS NA 25 ± 10 NA06-21-12 4 ± 3 0.24 1.5 ± 0.8 1.33 NS NA -40 ± 60 0.24 NS NA 28 ± 10 0.21 QAW-2906-24-13 4 ± 2 NA 3 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 60 ± 40 NA NS NA 22 ± 9 NA

Zone 7 570 08-20-09 4.3 ± 1.4 NA 2.9 ± 0.8 NA NS NA -80 ± 60 NA NS NA 11 ± 8 NA

08-05-10 1.54 ± 2.17 NA 3.3 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 10.6 ± 47.1 NA NS NA 25 ± 12 NA

Zone 4 686 08-20-09 10.7 ± 2.6 NA 6.3 ± 0.9 NA NS NA -40 ± 60 NA NS NA 9 ± 9 NA

08-05-10 1 ± 2 NA 2.7 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 30 ± 50 NA NS NA 39 ± 14 NA

Zone 1 746 08-20-09 3.1 ± 1.2 NA 5.4 ± 0.9 NA NS NA -13.1 ± 57.4 NA NS NA 8 ± 10 NA

08-05-10 0 ± 0.9 NA 1.5 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 100 ± 50 NA NS NA 34 ± 13 NA
102 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory] Sample identifier Port depth Date Gross alpha- particle radioactivity Z-value Gross beta- particle radioactivity Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks USGS 134 Zone 15 578 08-18-09 2.8 ± 1.1 NA 4.3 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 10 ± 60 NA NS NA 1 ± 10 NA 06-22-10 5 ± 3 NA 1.3 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 50 ± 60 NA NS NA 9 ± 10 NA 06-29-11 -0.07 ± 3.25 NA 5.9 ± 0.9 NA NS NA -30 ± 60 NA NS NA 31 ± 12 NA 06-29-11 7 ± 3 1.60 7 ± 0.9 0.86 NS NA -20 ± 60 0.12 NS NA 18 ± 10 0.83 QAW-26 Zone 12 646 08-18-09 0.7 ± 0.7 NA 16.3 ± 1.4 NA NS NA -50 ± 60 NA NS NA 14 ± 10 NA 06-22-10 -4 ± 3 NA 1 ± 1.3 NA NS NA 230 ± 70 NA NS NA 1.43 ± 3.81 NA 06-29-11 0 ± 2 NA 5.2 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 11 ± 9 NA Zone 9 706 08-18-09 2.3 ± 1 NA 7 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 180 ± 60 NA NS NA 0 ± 20 NA 06-21-10 6 ± 3 NA 1.5 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 14 ± 12 NA 06-21-10 10 ± 4 0.80 4.6 ± 1.1 2.18 NS NA 170 ± 60 0.47 NS NA 15 ± 10 0.06 QAW-17 06-18-12 -2 ± 3 NA 2.1 ± 0.9 NA NS NA -50 ± 60 NA NS NA 22 ± 11 NA 07-10-13 1.6 ± 1.6 NA 2.6 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 0 ± 40 NA NS NA 24 ± 9 NA Zone 6 807 08-17-09 2.5 ± 1 NA 3.2 ± 0.8 NA NS NA -100 ± 60 NA NS NA 27 ± 11 NA 06-21-10 6 ± 3 NA 2.7 ± 1 NA NS NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 2 ± 5 NA Zone 3 847 08-17-09 1.2 ± 0.9 NA 2.3 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 10.5 ± 58 NA NS NA 34 ± 14 NA 06-21-10 -3 ± 3 NA 4 ± 1.2 NA NS NA 90 ± 60 NA NS NA 14 ± 9 NA USGS 135 Zone 10 738 09-15-09 2.8 ± 1.1 NA 1.5 ± 0.7 NA 0.6 ± 0.7 NA -60 ± 60 NA NS NA 19 ± 10 NA 09-14-10 5 ± 3 NA 3.8 ± 0.8 NA -0.3 ± 0.7 NA 80 ± 50 NA 14 ± 1.9 NA 32 ± 12 NA Zone 7 837 09-15-09 4.6 ± 1.4 NA 0.9 ± 0.7 NA -0.3 ± 0.7 NA -40 ± 60 NA NS NA 0 ± 20 NA 09-14-10 1 ± 2 NA 2.5 ± 0.8 NA -0.4 ± 0.6 NA 0 ± 50 NA 6.1 ± 1.9 NA 8 ± 7 NA 07-07-11 0 ± 2 NA 4.8 ± 0.9 NA NS NA 12 ± 57.5 NA NS NA 12 ± 8 NA 06-21-12 -3 ± 3 NA 1.9 ± 1 NA NS NA -70 ± 60 NA NS NA 13 ± 6 NA 06-24-13 12 ± 3 NA 3.8 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 40 ± 40 NA NS NA 10 ± 5 NA 06-24-13 3.1 ± 1.8 2.54 3 ± 0.8 0.75 NS NA -40 ± 40 1.41 NS NA 2 ± 6 1.02 QAW-40 Zone 4 988 09-15-09 4.1 ± 1.3 NA 1.7 ± 0.7 NA -0.6 ± 0.7 NA -40 ± 60 NA NS NA 13 ± 10 NA 09-13-10 6 ± 3 NA 2.4 ± 0.7 NA 0.2 ± 0.7 NA 70 ± 50 NA 15 ± 2.2 NA -10 ± 20 NA Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 3.9 ± 1.3 NA 1.6 ± 0.7 NA 0.7 ± 0.7 NA -10.5 ± 57.5 NA NS NA 20 ± 20 NA 09-13-10 -1 ± 2 NA 2.1 ± 0.8 NA -0.4 ± 0.7 NA 30 ± 50 NA 12.8 ± 1.9 NA -11 ± 6 NA
Table 7 103

Sample

identifier

Port 

depth Date

Gross alphaparticle 

radioactivity 

Z-value

Gross betaparticle 

radioactivity

Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks

USGS 137AZone 5 662 10-24-12 0 ± 2 NA 4.5 ± 0.9 NA 1.1 ± 0.6 NA 100 ± 50 NA NS NA 7 ± 5 NA

07-15-13 1 ± 1.5 NA 4.5 ± 0.9 NA 0 ± 0.7 NA 140 ± 50 NA 106 ± 3.83 NA 10 ± 5 NA

Zone 4 747 10-23-12 1.56 ± 1.83 NA 4.2 ± 0.8 NA 1.4 ± 0.6 NA 130 ± 60 NA NS NA 10 ± 5 NA

07-15-13 2.1 ± 1.7 NA 4.1 ± 0.8 NA 0.2 ± 0.7 NA 250 ± 50 NA 89.2 ± 3.47 NA 15 ± 9 NA

Zone 3 841 10-23-12 0.2 ± 1.3 NA 3.6 ± 0.8 NA 1.3 ± 0.7 NA 100 ± 60 NA NS NA 40 ± 12 NA

07-15-13 2.7 ± 1.8 NA 3.4 ± 0.8 NA 0.7 ± 0.7 NA 100 ± 40 NA 67.6 ± 2.97 NA 10 ± 5 NA

Zone 1 876 10-23-12 -2 ± 2 NA 5 ± 0.9 NA 1.5 ± 0.6 NA 140 ± 60 NA NS NA 32 ± 11 NA

07-15-13 2.1 ± 1.7 NA 3.6 ± 0.8 NA 0.4 ± 0.7 NA 110 ± 50 NA 64.8 ± 2.87 NA 13 ± 7 NA

Sample

identifier Date

Gross alphaparticle 

radioactivity 

Z-value

Gross betaparticle 

radioactivity

Z-value Strontium-90 Z-value Tritium (RESL) Z-value Tritium (Menlo Park) Z-value Cesium-137 Z-value Remarks

QAW-13 08-20-09 -0.9 ± 0.4 NA 1 ± 0.7 NA NS NA -80 ± 60 NA NS NA 12 ± 10 NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 133

QAW-20 06-30-10 0 ± 2 NA 0.4 ± 1 NA NS NA 230 ± 70 NA NS NA 16 ± 10 NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-28 07-06-11 1.28 ± 2.09 NA 2.6 ± 0.8 NA NS NA 10 ± 60 NA NS NA 6 ± 7 NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 132

QAW-30 06-21-12 29 ± 7 NA 6.4 ± 0.9 NA NS NA -90 ± 50 NA NS NA 12 ± 7 NA Field Blank at 

USGS 135

QAW-31 06-26-12 -3 ± 2 NA -1.7 ± 0.7 NA NS NA -50 ± 60 NA NS NA 7 ± 6 NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 108

QAW-37 07-10-13 1.3 ± 1.3 NA 0.4 ± 0.6 NA NS NA 20 ± 40 NA NS NA 14 ± 7 NA Field Blank at 

USGS 134

QAW-38 07-10-13 0.4 ± 1.2 NA 0.8 ± 0.7 NA NS NA 20 ± 40 NA NS NA 22 ± 9 NA Equipment Blank at 

USGS 134

Table 7. Concentrations of gross alpha-particle radioactivity, gross-beta particle radioactivity, strontium-90, tritium, and cesium-137 in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample. RESL, Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboaratory. Menlo Park, U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park research laboratory]
104 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Table 8. Concentrations of uranium, plutonium, and americium isotopes in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13. [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NC, not calculated. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. LS, Sample lost. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample] Sample identifier Port depth Date Uranium-233,234 (undivided) Z-value Uranium-235 Z-value Uranium-238 Z-value Plutonium-238 Z-value Plutonium-239,240 (undivided) Z-value Americium-241 Z-value Remarks USGS 105 Zone 13 728 09-18-09 1.23 ± 0.078 NA 0.0182 ± 0.0075 NA 0.645 ± 0.053 NA 0.003 ± 0.006 NA 0.006 ± 0.006 NA 0.013 ± 0.015 NA 09-16-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.009 ± 0.011 NA 0.009 ± 0.008 NA -0.006 ± 0.011 NA Zone 11 851 09-18-09 1.48 ± 0.092 NA 0.046 ± 0.015 NA 0.611 ± 0.051 NA -0.003 ± 0.006 NA 0.003 ± 0.006 NA 0.009 ± 0.012 NA 09-16-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.006 ± 0.01 NA 0.003 ± 0.006 NA 0.003 ± 0.013 NA 09-16-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.009 0.67 0.003 ± 0.007 0.00 -0.003 ± 0.012 0.34 QAW-21 Zone 8 952 09-17-09 1.42 ± 0.098 NA 0.04 ± 0.015 NA 0.54 ± 0.054 NA -0.004 ± 0.007 NA 0.011 ± 0.013 NA -0.003 ± 0.012 NA 09-15-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.009 NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.006 ± 0.009 NA Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 1.34 ± 0.092 NA 0.045 ± 0.014 NA 0.661 ± 0.061 NA -0.003 ± 0.004 NA 0.005 ± 0.005 NA -0.006 ± 0.01 NA 09-17-09 1.37 ± 0.093 0.23 0.043 ± 0.014 0.10 0.67 ± 0.057 0.11 -0.004 ± 0.004 0.18 0.004 ± 0.008 0.11 0.009 ± 0.012 0.19 QAW-16 09-15-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.009 ± 0.008 NA 0.006 ± 0.008 NA -0.003 ± 0.013 NA Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 1.36 ± 0.085 NA 0.048 ± 0.015 NA 0.582 ± 0.049 NA -0.004 ± 0.008 NA 0.009 ± 0.009 NA 0.003 ± 0.012 NA 09-15-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.01 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA -0.003 ± 0.012 NA USGS 108 Zone 11 661 09-21-10 1.28 ± 0.11 NA 0.017 ± 0.017 NA 0.577 ± 0.069 NA 0.006 ± 0.011 NA 0.006 ± 0.009 NA -0.003 ± 0.011 NA 06-23-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.006 ± 0.007 NA -0.003 ± 0.01 NA Zone 9 809 09-21-10 1.14 ± 0.11 NA 0.023 ± 0.016 NA 0.526 ± 0.064 NA 0.003 ± 0.01 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA 0.01 ± 0.015 NA 06-23-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.006 ± 0.008 NA 0.021 ± 0.014 NA Zone 7 888 09-20-10 1.23 ± 0.11 NA 0.042 ± 0.017 NA 0.324 ± 0.051 NA 0.007 ± 0.012 NA -0.003 ± 0.007 NA -0.004 ± 0.013 NA 06-23-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.009 ± 0.008 NA -0.006 ± 0.01 NA 06-23-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 0.00 -0.003 ± 0.005 1.27 0.012 ± 0.013 0.37 QAW-24 Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 1.2 ± 0.1 NA 0.023 ± 0.016 NA 0.467 ± 0.063 NA 0.009 ± 0.011 NA -0.003 ± 0.007 NA 0.003 ± 0.013 NA 09-22-10 1.13 ± 0.096 0.50 0.033 ± 0.014 0.47 0.386 ± 0.052 0.99 0.003 ± 0.01 0.81 0.003 ± 0.005 0.70 -0.003 ± 0.012 0.00 QAW-22 06-22-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA 0.012 ± 0.013 NA Zone 1 1,172 09-20-10 0.98 ± 0.098 NA 0.026 ± 0.017 NA 0.412 ± 0.062 NA 0.003 ± 0.01 NA -0.003 ± 0.007 NA -0.007 ± 0.013 NA 06-22-11 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA 0.011 ± 0.012 NA
Table 8 105

Table 8. Concentrations of uranium, plutonium, and americium isotopes in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.— Continued[See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NC, not calculated. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. LS, Sample lost. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date Uranium-233,234 (undivided) Z-value Uranium-235 Z-value Uranium-238 Z-value Plutonium-238 Z-value Plutonium-239,240 (undivided) Z-value Americium-241 Z-value Remarks

USGS 131A

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 1.36 ± 0.093 NA 0.022 ± 0.009 NA 0.579 ± 0.053 NA 0.006 ± 0.004 NA 0.006 ± 0.007 NA 0.012 ± 0.013 NA

07-17-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA -0.006 ± 0.008 NA07-17-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.003 ± 0.003 1.41 -0.003 ± 0.005 0.697 0.003 ± 0.01 0.703 QAW-41

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 1.21 ± 0.089 NA 0.052 ± 0.016 NA 0.594 ± 0.055 NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA 0.003 ± 0.012 NA

07-16-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA 0.006 ± 0.008 NA -0.003 ± 0.011 NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 1.4 ± 0.094 NA 0.02 ± 0.01 NA 0.498 ± 0.051 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA 0.01 ± 0.013 NA

07-16-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.012 ± 0.009 NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 1.4 ± 0.098 NA 0.034 ± 0.015 NA 0.437 ± 0.047 NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA 0.006 ± 0.012 NA

07-16-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.004 ± 0.006 NA -0.004 ± 0.006 NA 0.03 ± 0.02 NA

USGS 135

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 1.9 ± 0.11 NA 0.036 ± 0.016 NA 0.669 ± 0.054 NA -0.004 ± 0.004 NA 0.007 ± 0.009 NA 0.006 ± 0.013 NA

09-14-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.003 ± 0.01 NA 0.012 ± 0.009 NA 0.006 ± 0.012 NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 1.37 ± 0.093 NA 0.045 ± 0.018 NA 0.54 ± 0.05 NA -0.004 ± 0.004 NA 0.007 ± 0.009 NA -0.003 ± 0.012 NA

09-14-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.009 ± 0.01 NA 0.003 ± 0.006 NA -0.006 ± 0.011 NA

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 1.77 ± 0.12 NA 0.012 ± 0.012 NA 0.6 ± 0.06 NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA 0.005 ± 0.008 NA 0.006 ± 0.013 NA

09-13-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.008 NA 0.008 ± 0.007 NA -0.009 ± 0.011 NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 1.5 ± 0.096 NA 0.02 ± 0.012 NA 0.542 ± 0.049 NA -0.006 ± 0.005 NA 0.003 ± 0.007 NA -0.013 ± 0.011 NA

09-13-10 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.009 ± 0.011 NA 0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.013 ± 0.011 NA
106 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13 Table 8. Concentrations of uranium, plutonium, and americium isotopes in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued [See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results and uncertainties in picocuries per liter. Analytical uncertainties are reported as 1 sample standard deviation (s). Concentrations that meet or exceed the reporting level of 3 times the 1s value are shown in boldface type. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NC, not calculated. NS, not sampled. NR, Not requested. LS, Sample lost. Remarks: QAW, quality assurance westbay sample] Sample identifier Port depth Date Uranium-233,234 (undivided) Z-value Uranium-235 Z-value Uranium-238 Z-value Plutonium-238 Z-value Plutonium-239,240 (undivided) Z-value Americium-241 Z-value Remarks USGS 137A Zone 5 662 10-24-12 1.36 ± 0.093 NA 0.04 ± 0.015 NA 0.57 ± 0.055 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA -0.003 ± 0.01 NA 07-15-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.004 ± 0.004 NA 0.004 ± 0.007 NA 0.003 ± 0.01 NA Zone 4 747 10-23-12 1.4 ± 0.1 NA 0.048 ± 0.016 NA 0.538 ± 0.054 NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.011 NA 07-15-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.012 ± 0.009 NA Zone 3 841 10-23-12 1.5 ± 0.1 NA 0.031 ± 0.016 NA 0.62 ± 0.06 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.006 ± 0.012 NA 07-15-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA 0.006 ± 0.012 NA Zone 1 876 10-23-12 1.31 ± 0.096 NA 0.036 ± 0.016 NA 0.606 ± 0.056 NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.006 ± 0.012 NA 07-15-13 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.003 ± 0.003 NA -0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.003 ± 0.01 NA Sample identifier Port depth Date Uranium-233,234 (undivided) Z-value Uranium-235 Z-value Uranium-238 Z-value Plutonium-238 Z-value Plutonium-239,240 (undivided) Z-value Americium-241 Z-value Remarks QAW1 NA 08-28-06 0.017 ± 0.008 NA 0.004 ± 0.006 NA 0.016 ± 0.007 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.005 NA 0.009 ± 0.009 NA QAW2 NA 10-02-06 0.150 ± 0.079 NA 0.048 ± 0.014 NA 0.767 ± 0.053 NA -0.003 ± 0.003 NA 0.003 ± 0.006 NA 0.009 ± 0.010 NA QAW6 NA 10-12-07 NS NA NS NA NS NA 0.020 ± 0.030 NA 0.010 ± 0.018 NA 0.003 ± 0.010 NA QAW- 12 NA 09-08-08 NS NA NS NA NS NA -0.006 ± 0.004 NA 0.003 ± 0.005 NA -0.009 ± 0.011 NA
Table 9 107

Table 9. Concentrations of isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River 

Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.

[See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in per mil (parts per thousand) relative to a standard. Uncertainty 

of delta 2H and delta 18O is plus or minus 1.5 per mil. Uncertainty of delta 13C is plus or minus 0.3 per mil. H, hydrogen; O, oxygen; C, carbon; NS, 

not sampled. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NC, not calculated. Remarks, QAW, quality 

assurance westbay sample]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date Delta 2

H Z-value Delta 18O Z-value Delta 13C Z-value Remarks

USGS 105

Zone 13 728 09-18-09 -137.7 NA -17.90 NA -9.17 NA

09-16-10 -136.3 NA -17.90 NA NS NA

Zone 11 851 09-18-09 -137.4 NA -17.85 NA -9.24 NA

09-16-10 -136.5 NA -17.83 NA NS NA

09-16-10 -137.6 0.52 -17.84 0.00 NS NA QAW-21

Zone 8 952 09-17-09 -138.0 NA -18.00 NA -9.01 NA

09-15-10 -137.6 NA -17.95 NA NS NA

Zone 5 1,072 09-17-09 -137.4 NA -17.91 NA -9.01 NA

09-17-09 -137.7 0.14 -17.94 0.01 -9.05 0.09 QAW-16

09-15-10 -136.7 NA -17.95 NA NS NA

Zone 2 1,242 09-16-09 -137.3 NA -17.83 NA -9.41 NA

09-15-10 -136.7 NA -17.80 NA NS NA

USGS 108

Zone 11 661 09-21-10 -136.4 NA -17.88 NA -9.15 NA

06-23-11 -136.2 NA -17.79 NA NS NA

Zone 9 809 09-21-10 -137.7 NA -17.93 NA -9.00 NA

06-23-11 -136.6 NA -17.87 NA NS NA

Zone 7 888 09-20-10 -136.9 NA -17.91 NA -9.02 NA

06-23-11 -136.0 NA -17.88 NA NS NA

06-23-11 -137.0 0.47 -17.92 0.02 NS NA QAW-24

Zone 4 1,029 09-22-10 -137.2 NA -17.98 NA -9.15 NA

09-22-10 -137.6 0.19 -17.87 0.05 -9.11 NA QAW-22

06-22-11 -137.1 NA -17.94 NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,172 09-20-10 -136.3 NA -17.98 NA -9.17 NA

06-22-11 -136.6 NA -17.96 NA NS NA
108 Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, 2009–13

Table 9. Concentrations of isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon in water from multiple levels in the eastern Snake River 

Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–13.—Continued

[See figure 2 for well locations. Port depth in feet below land surface. Analytical results in per mil (parts per thousand) relative to a standard. Uncertainty 

of delta 2H and delta 18O is plus or minus 1.5 per mil. Uncertainty of delta 13C is plus or minus 0.3 per mil. H, hydrogen; O, oxygen; C, carbon; NS, 

not sampled. Z-values associated with QA replicates were calculated using equation 1. NA, not applicable. NC, not calculated. Remarks, QAW, quality 

assurance westbay sample]

Sample 

identifier

Port 

depth Date Delta 2

H Z-value Delta 18O Z-value Delta 13C Z-value Remarks

USGS 131A

Zone 12 616 10-29-12 -137.9 NA -17.96 NA NS NA

07-17-13 -137.8 NA -17.99 NA NS NA

07-17-13 -138.5 0.33 -17.96 0.07 NS NA QAW-41

Zone 8 812 10-29-12 -136.2 NA -17.84 NA NS NA

07-16-13 -136.9 NA -17.81 NA NS NA

Zone 5 981 10-29-12 -136.6 NA -18.00 NA NS NA

07-16-13 -138.2 NA -18.03 NA NS NA

Zone 3 1,137 10-24-12 -137.2 NA -18.04 NA NS NA

07-16-13 -136.9 NA -18.07 NA NS NA

USGS 135

Zone 10 738 09-15-09 -137.0 NA -17.96 NA -9.06 NA

09-14-10 -137.0 NA -17.92 NA NS NA

Zone 7 837 09-15-09 -137.6 NA -18.00 NA -9.36 NA

09-14-10 -137.8 NA -18.02 NA NS NA

Zone 4 988 09-15-09 -136.6 NA -17.92 NA -8.87 NA

09-13-10 -137.2 NA -17.90 NA NS NA

Zone 1 1,116 09-14-09 -137.0 NA -17.97 NA -9.29 NA

09-13-10 -136.8 NA -17.92 NA NS NA

USGS 137A

Zone 5 662 10-24-12 -136.6 NA -17.86 NA NS NA

07-15-13 -137.0 NA -17.83 NA NS NA

Zone 4 747 10-23-12 -137.9 NA -17.86 NA NS NA

07-15-13 -137.1 NA -17.81 NA NS NA

Zone 3 841 10-23-12 -137.5 NA -17.83 NA NS NA

07-15-13 -136.9 NA -17.89 NA NS NA

Zone 1 876 10-23-12 -136.4 NA -17.82 NA NS NA

07-15-13 -136.8 NA -17.89 NA NS NA
Appendix A 109

Appendix A. Chemical Concentrations of Selected Source Water that Provides Recharge to the Eastern Snake River Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho[Water source: Big Lost River below INEL diverson data are from National Water Information System. Wells TRA-1 and TRA-2 called MTR 1 and MTR 2 in Olmstead (1962). Concentrations are in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Ca, calcium; Mg, magnesium; K, potassium; Na, sodium; SiO2, silica; HCO3, bicarbonate; Cl, chloride; F, fluoride; SO4, sulfate; NO3, nitrate; 18O, delta oxygen-18; CPP, Chemical Processing Plant; GS, guard station; NRF, Naval Reators Facility; TRA, Test Reactor Area; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; NC, not collected]

Water source Date sampled Ca Mg K Na SiO2 HCO3 Cl F SO4 NO3 Tritium Deuterium 18O

Snowpack near USGS 221 02-02-1978 0.8 0.1 0.8 0.1 1.1 2 0.3 0.1 2.3 NC NC NC NCSnowpack near USGS 831 02-02-1978 0.1 0.2 2.2 0.2 1.5 5 0.8 0.1 3.1 NC NC NC NCSnowpack near Site 91 02-02-1978 1.7 0.5 0.4 9.1 0.3 29 0.7 0.1 2.8 NC NC NC NCBig Lost River at Mackay Dam2 06-28-1995 26 6.3 1.3 3.8 8.7 108 2.3 0.19 13.1 NC NC -134.4 -17.57Big Lost River near Mackay3 03-28-1989 44 11 1.4 6.1 11 165 4.3 0.2 21 NC NC NC NCBig Lost River near Mackay2 06-17-1995 26 6.3 1.4 3.8 9.1 105 2.3 0.18 13 0.4 NC -134.9 -17.6Big Lost River near Moore4 08-27-1963 48 11 1.4 6.9 12 192 3.5 1.9 18 0.5 NC NC NCBig Lost River near Butte City1 12-07-1977 61 18 1.7 11 15 260 8.2 0.3 23 NC NC NC NCBig Lost River below Arco3 03-28-1989 67 15 1.5 12 14 266 7.6 0.3 25 NC NC -132.2 -17.17Big Lost River nr Arco5 06-05-1981 48 12 1.6 7.1 13 200 4.8 0.2 27 NC NC -135.0 -17.4Big Lost River below INEL div 06-02-1995 35 8 1.4 5.4 12 132 3 0.2 18 <0.05 52 ± 3.2 NC NCBig Lost River below INEL div 07-05-1995 33 7.1 1.6 4.1 11 133 2.4 0.3 15 0.12 47 ± 3.2 NC NCBig Lost River near NRF2 06-19-1995 31 7.4 1.7 4.8 11 123 3.1 0.21 18 0.8 NC NC NCLittle Lost River near Clyde10 06-27-2000 30 10 0.58 2.8 9.2 131 2.2 0.12 11.4 <0.05 38.4 ± 25.6 -137.4 -17.94Little Lost River near Howe10 06-27-2000 39 15 1.1 6.9 11 173 7.8 0.12 15.8 0.11 38.4 ± 25.6 -137.3 -17.89Birch Creek at Kaufman GS11 06-27-2000 38 15 0.88 5.1 10 164 4.6 0.22 23 <0.05 22.4 ± 25.6 -141.2 -18.57Birch Creek at Blue Dome2 06-28-1995 42 15 0.9 5.2 7.7 183 4.8 0.18 25 0.6 NC -140.1 -18.62CPP-17 06-06-1991 54 14 2.5 7.9 23 194 18 0.1 22 1 355 ± 16 -137.0 -17.85NRF-26 05-23-1989 70 22 1.8 18 22 260 46 0.3 39 1.7 -40 ± 160 NC NCTRA-18 07-24-1957 55 16 1.4 8.3 18 211 12 0.1 23 4.3 NC NC NCTRA-28 09-14-1955 40 17 2.3 8.6 25 183 10 0.1 22 2.3 NC NC NCBig Lost River deep underflow-Arco City9 02-17-1999 54 15 1.1 5.7 15 222 6.4 0.16 20 0.71 35.2 ± 25.6 -135.0 -17.73Big Lost River shallow underflow-Owen9 06-23-1999 68 14 1.2 7.4 16 243 6.3 0.19 23 2.1 0 ± 25.6 -132.0 -17.32Little Lost River underflow-Harrell10 07-31-2000 62 22 1.4 17 18 259 22 0.16 34 1.9 35.2 ± 25.6 -135.2 -17.93Birch Creek underflow-USGS 126B11 11-08-2000 38 15 2.5 9.0 19 162 8.2 0.23 29 0.53 6.4 ± 19.2 -140.9 -18.44

1From Rightmire and Lewis (1987).2From Busenberg and others (2000).3From Bartholomay (1990).4From Robertson and others (1974).5From Wood and Low (1988).6From Knobel and others (1992).7From Knobel and others (1999).8From Olmstead (1962).9From Carkeet and others (2001).10From Swanson and others (2002).11From Swanson and others (2003).

Publishing support provided by the U.S. Geological Survey 

Science Publishing Network, Tacoma Publishing Service Center

For more information concerning the research in this report, contact the 

Director, Idaho Water Science Center

U.S. Geological Survey 

230 Collins Road

Boise, Idaho 83702

http://id.water.usgs.gov
Bartholomay and others—Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones, Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho—Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5002

ISSN 2328-0328 (online)

http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155002