STATE

PUBLIC

WELFARE

LEGISLATION

WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION

DIVISION OF RESEARCH
Publications oF the Division oF Research

(Formerly Division of Social Research)

Works Progress Administration

Research Mon(23raDii$_

I. Six Rural ProbI

II. Comparative St

III. The Transient LI IV. Urban Workers

V. Landlord and 1 VI. Chronology of December 31

VII. The MigraforyVIII. Farmers on Reli IX. Part-Time Farm! X. Trends in Relief XL Rural Youth on

XII. Intercity DiFfere

XIII. Effects of the Vi XIV. Changing Aspe

XV. Rural Youth: Tl XVI. Farming Hazar<

XVII. Rural Families t XVIil. Migrant Famili* XIX. Rural Migratior

XX. State Public W(

3, to

AMERICAN Foundation

ForTheBlind mc.

I the

935

the

Legislative Trer 1, 1936

Survey of Cases

Survey of Work

Second Quai

A Survey of th« and Septemb

Usual Occupat

United States Areas of Intensi The People of t Relief and Rehc

Five Years of R j Age of WPA WorKers, FHovemoenyar

Survey of Workers Separated From WPA Employment in Nine Areas, 1937

Urban Housing: A Summary of Real Property Inventories Conducted as Work

Projects, 1934-1936

Workers on Relief in the United States in March 1 935

Volume I. A Census oi^ Usual Occupations

Volume II. A Study of Industrial and Educational Backgrounds

Former Relief Cases in Private Employment

Changing Aspects of Urban Relief

July
(l.\

WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION

F. C. Harrington, Adminhtrator

Corrington Gill, Assiitant Administrator

DIVISION OF RESEARCH

Howard B. Myers, Director

STATE

PUBLIC WELFARE

LEGISLATION

By

Robert C.I Lowe

RESEARCH MONOGRAPH XX

1939 ^i\^*'

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON

n f'l' '.

I' CI .

1 [; L I;
' (I

'0,'"III.

'^
Letter of Transmittal

Works Progress Administration

Washington, D. C. , March 20, 1939-

Sir: I have the honor to transmit an analysis of public welfare

legislation>in the 48 States, Alaska, Hawaii , and the District of

Columbia as of January 1, 1939. This analysis brings together

in one volume, for the first time, current information on the

State legislative and constitutional provisions governing public

welfare. The emphasis in this report is placed upon the laws

providing for relief and public assistance, but appendix material

is included to indicate the scope of public welfare legislation

in each State.

Effective coordination of the Works Progress Administration

with State and local relief programs has required complete information on the provisions for relief and public assistance in

the States. State and local relief agencies have been called

upon to assume important duties in relation to the Works Program,

the most important of which has been to certify the need and

employability of persons seeking employment on work projects.

State welfare provisions have also had a very important bearing

upon the policy of the V/orks Progress Administration in connection with assistance to special groups like the aged and persons

with dependent children. In order to determine whether individuals on projects are eligible for such special types of care,

it has been necessary to digest and analyze the provisions made

for them in State laws.

The analysis has spotlighted the great diversity among States

in the financial provisions for the administration of relief

and in the availability of funds for sponsors' contributions for

WPA projects.

Prior to 1931 the majority of States relied principally upon

the old poor laws to assist persons in need of relief. Less

than one-half of the States had enacted blind pension laws, and

only about one-fourth had provided for old age pensions. With

the exception of laws providing for veterans' pensions and State

institutions for veterans and children, the statutes effective

before 1931 for the most part placed the administrative and financial responsibility upon local units of government . The principle of supplying employment instead of relief had not yet been

II I
IV • LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

accepted even though many of the poor laws req.uired able-bodied

recipients to work in return for aid.

The first State emergency relief administrations were established in 1921, and by 1933 the majority of States had established such administrations and had appropriated funds for relief

of the unemployed. Many of the States took such action in

response to the Federal Emergency Relief Act of 1933.

In 1933 States began to adopt categorical relief programs with

increasing rapidity; this movement was greatly accelerated by

the adoption of the Federal Social Security Act in 1935.

With the passage of the Social Security Act there began a definite trend toward the assumption by the States of both administrative and financial responsibility for permanent general

relief and public assistance programs. The majority of States

participate in all these programs at the present time, although

fewer States assume responsibility for general relief than for

categorical assistance.

Recognition of the necessity of coordinating measures designed

to assist persons in need has caused a trend toward the integration of State relief and public assistance programs. By

January 1, 1939, approximately one-third of the States had placed

the administrative responsibility for all of their public welfare

functions within a single agency, and most of the other States

had accomplished some degree of integration.

The study was made in the Division of Research under the direction of Howard B. Myers, Director of Research. It was prepared by Robert C. Lowe under the supervision of A. Ross Eckler,

Assistant Director. Tabular and other appendix materials were prepared by L. T. Bennett, Jr., Frances Engeman, William H. Garner, John A. Hanley, Alfred Noyes, and Mary P. Ragatz under

the supervision of Mr. Lowe. Gertrude Bancroft and Theodore

Savage assisted in the editing of this report.

Special acknowledgment is due the members of the staff of the

Bureau of Public Assistance of the Social Security Board and

Robert T. Lansdale, Professor of Public Welfare, New York School

of Social Work, for their helpful suggestions.

Respectfully submitted.

CoRRiNOTON Gill,

Assistant Administrator.

Col. F. C. Harrington,

Works Progress Administrator.
Contents

Page

Introduction ______________________ xiii

Section I. Development of public welfare in the United

States __________________ 1 Section II. Eligibility provisions and types of care granted recipients of relief and public as- sistance _________________ 7

General relief ____________________ 7 Old age assistance __________________ 9

Blind assistance ___________________ 11

Dependent children __________________ 13

Aid to dependent children in their own homes _ _ _ 13

Dependent and neglected children _________ 15

Veteran relief ____________________ 16

Section III. Admin istrative responsi bi

ity for rel ief and

public assistance ____________ 19

Incidence of administrative responsibility ______ 20

General relief __________________ 20

Old age assistance ________________ 20

Blind assistance _________________ 20

Aid to dependent children in their own homes _ _ _ 20

Dependent and neglected children _________ 21

Veteran relief __________________ 22

Section lY. Provisions for administrative procedures for

the determination of el igi bi 1 ity for relief

and public assistance. __________ 23

Final original determination _____________ 23

Relief and public assistance other than care of

dependent and neglected children by agencies and

in institutions_ ________________ 23

Dependent and neglected children _________ 25

Appeals and fair hearings. ____________ 26

Complaints ____________________ 27

Review on own motion and further investigation _ _ 27

Section V. Provisions for the financing of relief and

public assistance_ ____________ 29

Provisions for the distribution of State funds _ _ _ _ 30

Sources of funds for relief and public assistance_ _ _ 31

V
VI • CONTENTS

Page

Section VI. Integration of publ ic welfare functions with in

a single State agency- ____------ 33

Relief and public assistance __________--- 33

General public welfare program __-______--- 34

Section VII. Types of State and local agencies administering relief and public assistance _ _ _ 37

State boards of public welfare ___^___-_--_ 37

Organization __________--------- 37

Qualifications _______-__-____--_ 37

Selection and appointment- _________--- 38

Terms of office. __________------- 38

Compensation _________---------- 33

Executive of State department of public welfare- _ _ _ 38

Selection and appointment- ___-___-_--- 39

Terms of office- _______---------- 39

Qualifications _____------------- 39

Compensation _____-------------- 39

Local departments of public welfare- --------- 39

Organization ____----___-------- 40

Functions of local boards. _--____----- 40

Qualifications of local boards ____-___-_ 40

Selection and appointment of local boards. - _ - - 41

Terms of office of local boards. ._..-_--. 41

Compensation of local boards __-.__..-_- 41

Local executive. _-_--.--.---------- 41

Appendix A. Basic tables ..---. _-_._-_ 45

GENERAL RELIEF

Table

1. Provisions for the administration of general relief- 48

2. RecLuirements for eligibility for general relief - - 54

3. Responsibility of relatives and provisions for re- covery of cost of general relief from recipients

and their estates -----___-------- 63

4. Provisions affecting status of recipients of general

relief- --------------------- 68

5. Provisions for types of aid granted and for financing general relief- --__-----.----- 70

OLD AGE ASSISTANCE

6. Provisions for the administration of old age assistance- ---------------------- 78

7. Personal qualifications for old age assistance- . - 84

8. Need qualifications for old age assistance- . . - _ 87

9. Types of aid received or needed which disqualify

applicants for old age assistance ---_..-- 90
CONTENTS • VI I

Table Page

10. Provisions for recovery of cost of old age assist- ance from recipients and their estates _____ 92

11. Provisions for granting and financing old age as- sistance ____________________ 96

BLIND ASSISTANCE

12. Provisions for the administration of blind assistance_ 102

13. Personal qualifications for blind assistance _ _ _ 109

14. Need qualifications for blind assistance _____ 113

15. Types of aid received or needed which disqualify

applicants for blind assistance- ________ 115

16. Provisions for recovery from recipients and their

estates for blind assistance granted ______ 117

17. Provisions for granting and financing blind assist- ance ______________________ 119

AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN IN THEIR OWN HOMES

18. Provisions for the administration of aid to dependent

children in their own homes _ __________ 126

19. Personal qualifications for aid to dependent children

in their own homes _______________ 132

20. Need qualifications for aid to dependent children in

their own homes. ________________ 136

21. Provisions for granting and financing aid to dependent children in their own homes_ ________ 140

DEPENDENT AND NEGLECTED CHILDREN (INSTITUTIONS AND

AGENCIES)

22. Characteristics of dependent and neglected children

coming within jurisdiction of juvenile courts_ _ 148

23. Provisions for instituting proceedings, investigations, and hearing of cases of dependent and neglected children by juvenile courts _______ 149

24. Types of homes and institutions to which dependent

and neglected children may be committed by juvenile courts_ __________________ 151

25. State institutions caring for dependent and neglected

children _____________--_---- 152

26. Major powers and duties of principal public agencies

in relation to care of dependent and neglected

children outside of own homes or State institutions. 158

27. Governmental unit responsible for financing specified

types of care for dependent and neglected children. 176

VETERAN RELIEF

28. Personal and other qualifications for eligibility

for direct relief to veterans_ _________ 178
VI M • CONTENTS

Table Page

29. Provisions for the administration and financing of

direct relief to veterans- ----------- 182

30. Personal and other qualifications for eligibility

for pensions to veterans ___------__- 187

31. Provisions for the administration and financing of

pensions to veterans -------------- 192

32. Personal and other qualifications for eligibility

for institutional care for veterans- __--_- 196

33. Provisions for the administration and financing of

institutional care for veterans- _---_--_ 203

STATE BOARDS AND LOCAL BOARDS

34. Composition and appointment of State boards of public welfare- ------------------ 210

35. Appointment and qualifications of executives of

State boards or departments of public welfare. . 221

36. Composition and appointment of local boards of public welfare- _-_-_------------- 226

37. Appointment and qualifications of executives of

local boards or departments of public welfare. _ 234

CITATIONS TO STATUTORY PROVISIONS

38. Citations to statutory provisions contained in tables

1—37 241

Appendix B. Supplementary tables (summary of provisions

enacted from July I, 1938, to January I, 1939) 253

California (table 1, p. 254; table 5, p. 255).

Illinois (table 37, p. 266).

Louisiana (table 1, p. 254; table 6, p. 256; table 7, p. 257;

table 9, p. 258; table 10, p. 258; table 11, p. 259; table

12, p. 260; table 13, p. 261; table 14, p. 262; table 15,

p. 262; table 16, p. 262; table 17, p. 263; table 18, p. 264; table 21, p. 264; table 34, p. 265; table S6, p. 266;

table 37, p. 266).

Massachusetts (table 5, p. 255).

New Jersey (table 6, p. 256; table 7, p. 257; table 8, p. 257;

table 10, p. 258; table 11, p. 259).

Ohio (table 1, p. 254; table 2, p. 254; table 5, p. 255; table

35, p. 265).

Rhode Island (table 12, p. 260; table 13, p. 261; table 14,

p. 262; table 15, p. 262; table 16, p. 262; table 17, p. 263).

Appendix C. Summaries of State provisions for public welfare and charts of State and local public

welfare agencies __-_-_------- 267

Alabama- ----------------------- 268

Arizona- ----------------------- 271
CONTENTS • IX

Page

Arkansas _______________________ 273

California ______________________ 275

Colorado __________ __________ 278

Connecticut- _____________________ 280

Delaware _______________________ 282

Florida_ ._._.. 284

Georgia- _______________________ 286

Idaho- _____ _.-________-___ 289

Illinois -__ ________________ 291

Indiana- _______________________ 294

Iowa _--_---_-____-_.__-__--_- 297

Kansas --______-___________--__ 299

Kentucky __________---_-_____--_ 301

Louis iana_ ______________________ 303

Maine- -----___________________ 305

Maryland 308

Massachusetts _ ____________________ 310

Michigan _______________________ 313

Minnesota- ______________________ 316

Mississippi- _____________________ 319

Missouri _______________________ 321

Montana _ _________---_____-----_ 323

Nebraska ._-_________-_----__-__ 326

Nevada 329

New Hampshire _ ____________________ 331

New Jersey ______________________ 333

New Mexico _______-____--_____--_ 336

New York 338

North Carolina .______-______--____ 341

North Dakota 344

Ohio 347

Oklahoma 350

Oregon ___-_____--_-_-__-_-_--- 353

Pennsylvania ___-__---__-_---_---- 356

Rhode Island 359

South Carolina _______-_______---__ 362

South Dakota ___-__-_-_--_-__--_-- 365

Tennessee _ __________-___-_------ 368

Texas _ _ 371

Utah 374

Vermont- _-___-_--______-------- 377

Virginia __-_____--_------------ 380

Washington -___________--____---- 382

West Virginia. _-______-__-__-__--- 385

Wisconsin _ _---_-__-_---_-------- 388

Wyoming- --__--__--___---------- 391

Alaska --___-_--_-------------- 393

District of Columbia --_______---__--- 395

Hawaii _---__-_-____----------- 397

State Public Welfare Legislation

XI

INTRODUCTION

This study of state public welfare legislation in the United

States presents in tabular and digest form the basic laws which

provide the foundation for public welfare programs of theStates,

Territories, and the District of Columbia, with particular em- phasis OD those statutes which provide for aid and relief to

dependent persons. It also analyzes some of the major trends

in relief and public assistance legislat ionoccurringsince 1930.

The study, current as of January 1, 1939, is based on an intensive analysis of constitutional provisions, statutes, opinions

of attorneys general, and the case law of the several States and

Territories. The operation of laws, of course, depends to some

extent upon amplifications and interpretations by administrative

rules and regulations, opinions of attorneys general, and court

decisions, and to a greater extent upon the individuals responsible for their administration. Administrative rules and regu-:

lations have not been included, but correspondence has been

carried on with attorneys general and various other State officials to secure interpretations and to clarify the laws of

individual States where conflicts and ambiguities have appeared

Details of the laws providing for the relief of dependency

i.e., general relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, blind assistance, care of dependent

and neglected children by agencies and institutions , and veteran

relief —are presented in a series of tables. (The term relief

and public assistance whenever used in the text is intended to

include all of these functions.)^ Tabulations of the laws providing for the composition and appointment of the governing

wide differences of opinion exist as to the definition of relief and

public assistance. The above classification which has been adopted for the purpose of the present analysis Is used with full knowledge that it may not

be acceptable to all students of the field. An attempt has been made to Include all statutes which provide for the expenditure of public funds for persons who are In need and who do not require specialized treatment because

of physical handicaps, mental deficiencies, or moral delinquencies. It is recognized that overlapping exists In this classification: for example,

blind assistance statutes which provide for money payments to needy blind
XIV • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

bodies and executives of the more important State and local

agencies concerned with the administration of these programs are also presented.

The headings on the tables are for the most part self-explanatory. In some cases the actual legal provision has been sum- marized and used as a caption. An attempt has been made to

follow the same pattern in each series of tables. In general

they indicate the following points: the nature of the law

(mandatory or optional), location and type of administrative

responsibility, qualifications and limitations imposed upon applicants and recipients, type and amount of aid, and financial

responsibility.

The complete public welfare program in each State has been

summarized in an appendix which also includes charts of the

statutory and constitutional public welfare organization for

each State. The functions, which in this study are uniformly

considered to be of a public welfare nature, are those providing for dependent, handicapped, defective, and delinquent

persons. The provisions for the relief of dependency are: general relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children

in their own homes, blind assistance, care of dependent and

neglected children by agencies and institutions, and veteran

relief. Functions performed for the welfare of handicapped and

defective persons are: the care and treatment of the insane,

the feeble-minded, and the epileptics; and services to the blind.

Individuals also contain provision for supplementary services to prevent

blindness or to remove the disability.

Questions may be raised as to the desirability of Including the care of

dependent and neglected children In foster homes and Institutions as well

as aid to dependent children In their own homes among relief and public as- sistance functions. Despite the fact that important factors other than

need are involved In caring for dependent and neglected children, this

function has been included for the following reasons: many children are placed In foster homes and institutions because they are In need and ex- penditures for their care are made from public funds; moreover, several of

the State statutes do not distinguish between the types of care granted

children, and make provision for money payments to foster homes and institutions caring for children in the same manner as for children who are cared

for by relatives In their own homes; in addition, powers and duties relative

to foster heme and Institutional care of children are vested In several of

the State agencies established to administer or supervise relief and public

assistance, exclusive of other public welfare functions.

Questions also may be raised as to the desirability of Including statutes

wnich provide for the care of veterans without prescribing need. The tnree typss or suatutes incluaed unaer veteran relief in uhis study are those making special provision for direct relief , pensions, and institutional

care. All of the statutes providing for direct relief to veterans prescribe

need as a condition for eligibility. About one-half of the State statutes

providing for veterans ' pensions and most of the laws providing Institutional

care prescribe need. Complete coverage of statutes falling within these

three groups has necessitated the inclusion of those statutes which do not specify need. Whether or not need is a condition to eligibility Is indicated on tables 28, 30, ana 32. ^Nearly one- third of the State agencies which have administrative or supervisory powers In relation to relief and public assistance also have the

responsibility for the administration or supervision of the majority of

public welfare functions performed by the State.
INTRODUCTION • XV

Provisions for delinq.uents include: care, confinement , and re- formation of juvenile and adult delinquents; and the administration of parole and probation. Among the borderline functions,

which are considered only in those States where the responsibility

for their administration has been placed within a department of

public welfare, are: care of crippled children; maternal and

child health; education of the deaf, the dumb, and the blind;

vocational rehabilitation; and care of persons afflicted with

tuberculosis.

2The above determination of functions to be covered by the present analysis

was made by the following method. For the purpose of the original studies

(Digest of Public Welfare Provisions Under the Laws of the Several States)

upon which this part of the analysis Is based, any function the administration

of which was placed by law within a State department of public welfare or similar agency In any State was considered to be a public welfare function

In every State, and all State laws providing for these functions were ana- lyzed. Upon the completion of these studies a reappraisal was made to de- termine what functions should be consistently considered of a public welfare

nature. Certain functions which were contained In these State studies but

which are performed more frequently by departments of education and departments of public health and are considered by authorities to be more appropriately educational or health functions were thus eliminated from the scope

of the present report. However, instates where the administration of these

functions Is placed within a public welfare department, they have been In- cluded in order to Indicate the breadth of activity of the particular depart- ment.

Section

DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE IN THE

UNITED STATES

The principle of public responsibility for the dependent classes was recognized by the English poor laws. The English system of

poor relief dates back to the fourteenth century, but it was not

until the Poor Relief Act of 1601 that a unified system was es- tablished. This act which was incorporated into colonial statutes form.ed the basis for colonial poor relief systems.

The early colonial laws provided only custody for dependent,

defective, and delinquent persons who received practically the same treatment. Prior to 1700 the boarding of paupers with local

citizens was an established practice, since neither cash relief nor almshouse care was common. Jails housed delinquents of all

a.ges. The insane, if homeless and indigent, received care as paupers, perhaps by the lowest bidder willing to assume charge

of such persons; if the insane were considered to be dangerous

to the community they were thrown into jail; if they were not

paupers and were not destructive they were given no care.

In the New England colonies responsibility for poor relief

devolved upon the towns. The Southern colonies adopted the

county as the administrative unit. In the Middle colonies a combination of the two systems existed with responsibility in some instances placed upon counties and in other instances upon

towns, townships, and other local governmental units. InVirginia

and Maryland the care of indigents and the insane rested with the

vestries of the established church until the Revolutionary War

dissolved the relation of church and State. At this time county

boards of overseers of the poor were created to assume the functionofthe church in the administration of relief. The colonial

systems were carried over unchanged by the State governments

after the revolution.

Specialized care of the dependent, defective, and delinquent

groups developed slowly during the eighteenth century and the

138640 O—39 2
STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

early part of the nineteenth century. It was not until the

latter half of the nineteenth century that the need for differentiation in types of care given each group and for classification within the defective and delinquent groups began to be

recognized. Classification of dependent persons, however, did

not take place to any great extent until after 1900.

Specialized treatment first took the form of institutional

care of insane and delinquent persons. The first attempt at institutional care of the insane as a specialized class was in

1752 in connection with the Pennsylv^Lnia Hospital at Philadelphia.

The first State institution in the United States devoted exclusively to the care of the insane was opened at Williamsburg,

Virginia, in 1773. A few other State institutions were opened

early in the nineteenth century, and in 1843 the Utica State

Hospital in New York, soon to become a model for other such

institutions, was established. In the meantime a few sectarian,

private, and semiprivate institutions for the insane had been

established, some of which were later taken over by the State

or were opened to public patients at State, county, or local

expense.

The earliest institutions for the care of criminals and misdemeanants were local jails. The first significant change in our prison system came in 1790 when Pennsylvania inaugurated

the classification of prisoners according to the offense committed. Later the Auburn StatePrison in New York State, established

in 1816, became a model prison for other States. New York es- tablished a parole system in 1876, and Massachusetts passed the

first State probation law in 1878-

The first State institution for delinquent children was provided in Massachusetts in 1854. The first juvenile court was created in Illinois in 1899.

Special institutions, both custodial and educational, for the

feeble-minded and the epileptic were established in New York,

Massachusetts, and Ohio before 1900. Workshops for the adult

blind cind special hospitals for the crippled were also established in a few States before the turn of the century.

With the establishment of State institutions, there developed

a need for a centralized State agency for the control or supervision of institutional care. Massachusetts created the first

State board of charities in 1863. New York and Ohio established

such boards in 1867, and other State boards of welfare, with

varying scopes of activities, were later established in practically all of the States.

Since 1900 there haS been much improvement in provisions for

all groups requiring institutional care. With institutional

control largely centralized in most States, emphasis has shifted

from custody to care and treatment. The main objectives of

institutions for delinquents and defectives are now education.
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE IN THE UNITED STATES • 3

reformation, rehabilitation , and restoration to useful citizenship.

Until relatively recently the only legislation in this country

for the public care of needy individuals other than children

and war veterans was contained in the State poor laws, which

had undergone little change since colonial days. From the early

part of the eighteenth century until the latter part of the

nineteenth century, almshouse care was considered to be the best

method of providing for the poor. Outdoor care under the poor

laws was not provided for to any extent prior to the last third

of the nineteenth century. Poor relief recipients were usually

designated "paupers" and, in certain States, were deprived of some of the privileges of citizenship. Frequently , these statutes

required "paupers' oaths" and excluded from military duty those

requiring public aid. The posting of the names of such individuals in a public place was common. Many States disfranchised

recipients of this relief, and a few refused them the right to

marry

.

Eventually with increased acceptance of social responsibilities, State legislatures recognized that there were certain

classes of needy individuals who were entitled to public assistaince without being subjected to the pauperizing aspects of the

poor laws. This recognition resulted in special legislation

providing for such types of needy individuals as dependent and

neglected children and orphans, mothers with dependent children,

the blind, and the aged.

Private institutions for the care of dependent and neglected

children and orphans were first established late in the eighteenth

century, but laws providing public care for these children by

agencies and institutions were enacted mainly during the last

third of the nineteenth century. Aid to dependent children in

their own homes was a still later development. The first statute

providing aid to dependent children in their own homes was not

enacted until 1911,^ but the adoption of this type of legislation

was rapid, and by 1920 the majority of States had passed such

statutes which were known as "mothers' aid" or "widows ' pension"

laws. There has been considerable revision in this legislation,

however, since the enactment of the Federal Social Security Act

in 1935.

The first blind assistance law was enacted in Indiana in 1840,

but the development of legislation in this field was not rapid

until after 1910.^ The greatest development occurred within

the 5-year period from 1933 through 1937.

^Missouri and Illinois were the first States to enact this type of legislation. The »11ssourl statute applied only to St. Louis City and Jackson

County. The Illinois statute was the first State-wide law.

^The Indiana statute was a county optional law. The next State law pro- viding blind assistance was passed In Ohio In 1898; however, such a statute

was enacted for New York City In 1872.
4 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Old age assistance has developed still more recently. The

first State law was passed in Arizona in 1914 but was declared

unconstitutional and it was not until 1923 that the next State

statute was enacted. '^ There has been a tremendous increase in

this type of legislation within the last 5 years, particularly

since 1935 when Federal legislatixan providing for grants to

States for assistance to the aged was adopted.

Special provisions for relief to war veterans have been included in State statutes since colonial days. The end of each

war has brought forth additional statutes providing aid to needy

individuals with honorable records of military service. In a number of States the poor laws contained separate provisions for

the care of veterans which removed them from the pauperizing

effect of the statutes.

In spite of these special types of legislation, probably the

majority of needy persons who received public assistance were

still provided for under the old poor laws until 1931. The

diminishing importance of the old poor relief statutes has been

one of the most important developments in the field of relief

and public assistance within the last 7 or 8 years. By 1931

it had become evident that the provisions of the poor laws were

not adequate to care for the rapidly mounting burden of unemployment resulting from the serious depression which had begun in

1929; and it was in 1931 that the first State legislation providing for emergency unemployment relief wcis enacted.* This

legislation was adopted to supplement the existing relief provisions. In some States the emergency program was integrated

with existing outdoor relief systems and in others separate

programs were established. By 1933 nearly three-fourths of the

States had enacted legislation to provide emergency unemployment

relief

.

In the latter part of 1932 the Federal Government began to

loan funds to State and local governmental units for the relief

of the unemployed. In May 1933 the Federal Emergency Relief

Administration was authorized to allocate funds to the States

for emergency unemployment relief purposes. This factor was largely responsible for the enactment of much of the State emergency relief legislation. The basic reason for both the Federal

and State activity, of course, was the widespread economic re- verses which had been caused by the depression. Federal Emergency Relief Administration grants to the States for emergency

unemployment relief purposes were discontinued in December 1935,

when the Works Program, provided for in the Federal Emergency

2Montana, Nevada, and Pennsylvania en-acted old age assistance laws In 1923. TheNevadalaw was repealed the same year and the Pennsylvania statute

was declared unconstitutional.

New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island provided

State funds for emergency unemployment relief during 1931.
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE IN THE UNITED STATES • 5

Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, was furnishing employment to

the bulk of the needy employable load.

From its inception in 1931, emergency unemployment relief

tended to overshadow poor relief in the general relief field.

During the years from 1931 to 1934 the bulk of the general relief

load (i.e., needy persons who were not receiving old age assistance, blind assistance, aid to dependent children, and other

special types of relief or assistance ) was being assisted largely

on an emergency basis. The need for a longer range program

became recognized in 1935 when a transition began in the field

of general relief which led to the superseding of both the emergency unemploym.ent relief and poor relief systems in many States

by permanent programs of general relief in which the States

participate both financially and administratively. There has

been a small decline since 1935 in the number of States which

participate in general relief programs. This has been due to

the expiration of emergency relief legislation in a few States

which have not replaced it by permanent general relief legislation.^

Prior to 1933 the responsibility for the administration and

financing of relief and public assistance was most frequently

placed upon local units of government, although a majority of

States had assumed responsibility for State institutions for

children and veterans. In instances where the State participated

in the administration of two or more programs, the tendency was

to set up separate agencies to carry out the different functions . This same tendency also existed in local governmental units.

By 1935 the prevailing practice had changed and from that year

until the present the majority of laws which have been enacted

in the relief and public assistance fields- have provided for

State responsibility and for the direct administration or supervision of all of these functions by a single State agency.

This has been largely due to the enactment of the Federal Social Security Act which requires State administrative participation before the Federal Government may reimburse States for

expenditures for old age and blind assistance, and aid to dependent children.

By January 1, 1939, very few States did not have legislation

providing for all types of relief and assistance. Delaware has

made no provision for blind assistance or for the special care

^No attempt has been made to distinguish among poor relief, emergency un- employment relief, and permanent general relief programs, except In Individual

States where two or more programs exist which are administered by different

agencies and/or financed by different governmental units. The majority of States which have assumed some administrative responsibility for general

relief have placed this responsibility within a permanent agency which administers the majority of the other relief and public assistance functions

performed by the State. Other States are at present taKlng steps to achieve

this same result and only a small number have programs which appear to be purely temporary or emergency in character (tables 1—5).
6 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

of veterans; Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, and West Virginia have

made no special provision for veterans.^ Detailed provisions

of the laws in effect in all States, and in Alaska, Hawaii, and

the District of Columbia as of January 1, 1939, are indicated

in the following sections and supporting tables.

In order to completely cover all of the veteran legislation coming within

the scope of this study (see footnote 1), the States are considered to have

made special provision for veterans, even though need is not Involved In the consideration of eligibility. Specific Information on these laws Is contained In tables 88—33, Inclusive, and described In the text on pages

26—27.
Section II

ELIGIBILITY PROVISIONS AND TYPES OF CARE

GRANTED RECIPIENTS OF RELIEF AND PUBLIC

ASSISTANCE

All of the State statutes providing for relief and public as- sistance define the class of persons eligible and the types of care which may be granted. The more recent enactments are much more general in their terminology than were the earlier statutes

and allow considerably more administrative discretion in determining who shall receive relief and public assistance and in

deciding the kind and amount of such aid.

GENERAL RELIEF

The general relief laws (tables 1—5) as they appear on the

statute books of many States at the- present time are an admixture

of the old poor relief statutes and the recent laws drafted in

the light of modern concepts; accordingly their interpretation

raises many problems. The class of persons cared for under these

statutes cannot be accurately defined. They consist of that

residual group of needy persons who are either not eligible for

special forms of State relief and public assistance or for Federal Works Program employment, or who because of lack of funds or some other reason cannot be cared for under these special

programs.

Eligibility requirements consist mainly of need and residence

(table 2). The terms poor, needy, a.nd i/idi^eni appear frequently,

but none of the statutes contain an exact definition of need.

Nearly two-thirds of the States have some provision relating to

the liability of relatives to support applicants for general re- lief (table 3). In some of these States no relief may be given

if the applicant has a legally responsible relative able to support him, and in a few others relief may be granted and reimbursement obtained from such relatives by voluntary or court action.

^General relief as used In this report Includes all types of relief granted

to recipients described above. It includes institutional care and services

as wellasdlrect relief (table 5). This definition is somewhat broader than

the one generally used in statistical reporting. Delimitation of the field

Is necessary In statistical reporting because of the lack, of information

concerning the number of persons cared for in almshouses, by contract, etc.

7
8 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

State and local residence reguirements are prescribed in nearly

one-half of the States, while over an additional one-third of

the State statutes specify periods of local residence only.

Residence in the State satisfies the requirement in Delaware

and Minnesota, and in five States there is no residence reguirement prescribed by statute. State residence requirements range

from 1 to 3 years, and in those States which prescribe both

State and local residence the State residence period required

is usually longer than the local period. This has the effect

of restricting the entrance into the State of persons who are

not self-supporting and of allowing some freedom for intrastate

movement. Local residence periods range from 90 days to 5 years.

In the New England States and New York the State assumes re- sponsibility for "state poor"; i.e., persons for whom no governmental unit is responsible because they fail to meet local

residence requirements. Indians on reservations also come within

this class in New York. It is interesting that in more than

three-fourths of the State laws some provision is made for the

temporary relief of nonresidents (table 5).

The old poor relief statutes have not been repealed in majiy

States but have been supplemented and broadened by the recent

laws providing for general relief. Under the recent laws, relief

is given to needy persons in their own homes by means of money

payments rather than by placing them in almshouses or contracting

for their care (table 5). There are, however, a few State laws

which still specify only almshouse care, contract care, or some other method for the relief of the poor. Because of the current

tendency to replace almshouse care with public assistance and

direct relief in some States, it is probable that most of these

institutions will eventually either fall into disuse or be converted into infirmaries. The letting out of the poor and contracting for their support are still provided for in approximately

one-third of the States. The extent to which this practice is

currently being followed is not known, but it has undoubtedly

diminished greatly within the last 5 or 6 years. Public medical

care and hospitalization are provided for indigent persons in

nearly all of the States. These provisions are, for the most

part, contained in the poor relief statutes; however, in a few

of the States special provisions for the hospitalization of the

indigent sick have been recently enacted while in others the

general relief statutes though not specifically authorizing

medical care and hospitalization are so worded as to appear to

allow the granting of this type of aid.^ The majority of State

statutes provide for the burial of person? leaving insufficient resources for burial.

"Tlany States have made provisions for the care of poor persons In State hospitals which are frequently connected with the medical schools of State universities. These provisions do not appear In the general relief statutes.
ELIGIBILITY PROVISIONS AND TYPES OF CARE GRANTED • 9

Many of the early statutes granting poor relief deprived re- cipients of such cit izenship rights as the exercise of franchise

and the right to marry and excluded them from military duty

(table 4). These provisions (both constitutional and statutory

)

do not assume the same importance today as they did prior to

1931, except in a few States, since many of them are directed

at paupers and most of the recent State laws do not specify

general relief recipients as "paupers." The provisions of this

type which remain on the statute books of the States have been

included intable4 but are probably ineffective in many States

.

OLD AGE ASSISTANCE

Old age assistance statutes (tables 6—11) provide for cash

payments to needy individuals who have reached a specified age,

usually 65 years. A few States have established an age limit

of 70, while Colorado has lowered its limit to 60 but grants

aid to persons under 65 only if they are registered voters and

have resided in the State for 55 years preceding the applicat ion.

Citizenship, residence, and need are the most freq.uent qualifications to be met before an aged person becomes eligible for

this assistance (tables 7 and 8). A few State laws contain re- quirements relating to the moral fitness of an applicant. Nearly

two-thirds of the old age assistance statutes require that a recipient be a citizen of the United States, but a few of these

State laws waive the citizenship requirement if the applicant

has resided in the country for a specified period—usually 20 or 25 years. The residence requirement enacted in all but a few States- is that the applicant must have resided within the

State 5 of the 9 years immediately preceding his application

and 1 year immediately preceding the application. The provision

in the Federal Social Security Act which prevents the Social

Security Board from approving a State plan which excludes persons

who can fulfill this requirement from receiving benefits is

responsible for the large number of States which have adopted

this State residence requirement.

Residence within a local governmental unit is required by law

in a small number of States, some of which prescribe that the

total financial burden must be assumed by the State if the applicant has no local residence. Such provision is enacted only

for the purpose of placing the financial responsibility when

the local units contribute to the payment of assistance. A State which enforces local residence requirements so as to bar

applicants not meeting such requirements is ineligible for Federal assistance to the aged under the Social Security Act.

The majority of the State old age assistance statutes define

need in general rather than specific terms, leaving to administrative determination the actual need of an individual applicant
10 9 STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

(table 8). The terminology most frequently used is that the

applicant must not have sufficient property or income to provide reasonable subsistence compatible with decency and health

.

Approximately one-third of the States have retained or adopted

the limitations found freq.uently in the earlier statutes which

defined need by placing limits upon the maximum amount of property and the maximum income a recipient could have and still

be eligible. All but one State (Oregon) disqualify applicants

who have disposed of property in order to qualify. In some jurisdictions the property must have been disposed of within a specified period (from 2 to 5 years) prior to the filing of the

application.

Applicants who have relatives legally liable and able to support them are ineligible for old age assistance in about one- half of the States. Many laws disqualify applicants who are receiving other types of public assistance or who are inmates

of institutions. Because of the provision in the Federal act

which forbids payments to States for grants to inmates of public

institutions, such inmates are disqualified more frequently than

those of private institutions. Some statutes disqualify only

3Approximately two-thirds of the States granting old age assistance pro- vide for recovery by the State of the amount of assistance properly granted

recipients (table 10). These provisions take three forms, all of which are found In some State laws. One type provides for an assignment or transfer

of the recipient's property prior to the granting of assistance. Another

type provides for the execution of an agreement by the recipient to reimburse the State and/or local unit for the amount of assistance received.

These two types may be properly considered as a requirement to be met before

the applicant becomes eligible to receive old age assistance. The third type

does not so directly affect the applicant's eligibility as It provides for

a statutory lien or a prior claim against the property or the recipient

which does not take effect until his death or the death of both the recipient

and his spouse. All of the State statutes which provide for the assignment

or transfer of the property of a recipient also provide for liens or claims

against the recipient's estate. About one-third of the States provide for the assignment of the recipient's

property to administrative agencies or require a transfer of such property

to the State or local unit. These provisions are not often mandatory, and

the advisability of requiring an assignment or transfer Is generally left

to administrative discretion. A few of the States providing for an assign- ment or transfer require the administrative agency to assume control of the property and administer It for the benefit of the recipient.

Provisions requiring the recipient to execute an agreement to reimburse

the State or local unit for the amount of assistance granted are found In

a few States and are supplementary to the other types of provisions for recovery.

Liens or claims against the recipient's estate for the total amount of aid granted are provided by statute In about two-thirds of the States, sev- eral of which charge interest on the amount of aid granted.

Approximately one-third of the States have some provision for immediate

recovery In case of misrepresentation or concealment of Income or property

by the recipient. Some of the statutes, as a penal ty, allow double recovery

In such Instances. Provisions allowing Immediate recovery In cases where

the recipient becomes possessed of property or Income in excess of his need

or In excess of the amount stated In the application are also found in ap- proximately one-third of the State statutes. Provisions for recovery are also found In approximately one-half of the general relief statutes (table 3) and In about one-third of the blind as- sistance statutes (table 16). These provisions usually take the form of a lien or a claim against the estate of a recipient.
ELIGIBILITY PROVISIONS AND TYPES OF CARE GRANTED • 11

inmates of penal institutions, reformatories, or insane zisylums

(table 7). The provision that an applicant in need of cont inning

institutional care is ineligible for old age assistance if such care is reasonably available appears frequently (table 9).

Provisions disqualifying applicants because of lack of moral

fitness are contained in the laws of a few States (table 7).

These provisions are based on the theory that old age assistance

is granted for service the recipient has rendered the community

by being a good citizen. The desertion of one's spouse or the

commission of a felony within a specified period prior to application and the failure to support children (usually under 16

years of age) are among the most common acts which disqualify

applicants for old age assistance. The laws of a few States

also make an applicant ineligible for old age assistance if he

has been a tramp or beggar within a period of 1 or 2 years prior

to his application.

The maximum amount which an applicant may receive is specified

in most States, with a few States also specif ying minimum allow- ances (table 11). Also, a number of States have attempted to

determine the standard of the grant by establishing an income

which recipients of old age assistance are entitled to receive

from all sources combined. These statutes provide that the

grant shall be an amount which when added to the recipient's

income from other sources will equal the established figure.

The amount of the maximum grants allowed by law ranges from

$15 to $45 a month for an individual, with the majority of States

adopting the $30 maximum. This maximum has probably been adopted

because of the Federal Social Security Act which provides for

matching State grants to individuals in an amount not exceeding

$15 a month. The majority of statutes provide for burial allowances (ranging from $75 to $150) if the estate of the deceased

is insufficient to cover burial expenses.

BLIND ASS ISTANCE

Blind assistance statutes (tables 12—17) provide for cash

payments to needy blind individuals. The more important qualifications for the receipt of this assistance are: age, citizenship, degree and incurability of blindness, and need (tables 13

and 14). The majority of States have specified a minimum age

(ranging from 16 to 21 years) underwhich a person is ineligible

for blind assistance. Since other provisions have been made

for the education and training of young persons it has been con- sidered that money payments should not be made to blind minors

before they have had the opportunity through specialized training and education to become self-supporting. Two State laws

render ineligible persons over 65 years old, with the intention

of granting such persons old age assistance.
12 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Citizenship in the United States is much less frequently a reguirement for blind assistance than for old age assistance.

Only one-fourth of the States demand citizenship as a prerequisite for aid to the blind, whereas approximately three-fourths

require it for old age assistance.

A statutory period of State residence, however, is specified

for blind assistance in all the States with the exception of

New Mexico and Massachusetts, while local residence requirements

exist in only a few States. The most frequent State residence

requirement is that also found in old age assistance laws, namely:

that the applicant must have resided in the State 5 of the 9

years immediately preceding the application and for at least 1 year immediately preceding the application. Many of the States

have alternative provisions which waive the residence requirement if a person has become blind while a resident of the State.

In other States periods of residence range from 1 year to 10

years immediately preceding the application. In some States in

which the local units contribute to the payment of blind assistance a local residence requirement is prescribed for the purpose

of determining financial liability. In these States if an applicant has no local residence, the State pays the total amount

of assistance. As in the case of old age assistance laws. States

whose statutes prescribe a local residence and deny aid if that

requirement is not met are ineligible for Federal aid under the

Social Security Act.

Blindness is usually defined in general terms which state that

vision with correcting glasses must be so defective as to prevent the perfomiance of ordinary activities for which eyesight

is essential, leaving to administrative determination the technical degree of blindness necessary for eligibility of the applicant. However, a few States define blindness in technical

optometric terms. In approximately one-fourth of the States

the administering officials may require as a condition to re- ceiving blind assistance that an applicant undergo treatment or

an operation if there is a possibility of restoring his sight.

A blind person unable to support himself or having insufficient income or resources to provide reasonable subsistence

compatible with decency and health is eligible for blind assistance in three-fourths of the States, providedhe meets the additional requirements specified by law. Applicants for blind

assistance are denied aid in approximately one-half of the States

if there are persons legally liable and able to support them.

Three States have no statutory need qualifications, and the re- maining States place' a specific limitation on the amount of

property and income which an individual may have without becoming ineligible for blind assistance. The limitations on property range from $2,500 to $5,000, and the limit placed upon

income (including assistance ) ranges from $360 to $1,200 a year.
ELIGIBILITY PROVISIONS AND TYPES OF CARE GRANTED • 13

A provision disqualifying applicants who have disposed of property in order to qualify is contained in the majority of blind

assistance statutes. As in old age assistance statutes this

provision usually specifies that the property must have been

disposed of within periods ranging from 2 to 5 years prior to

the application.

Blind assistance recipients are disqualified from receiving

any other type of public assistance in approximately one-third

of the States, and in an additional one-half of the States they

are specifically disqualified from receiving old age assistance

(table 15).

Inmates of institutions are frequently barred from the receipt

of blind assistance. A provision disqualifying applicants who

are in need of continuing institutional care is found in several

of the statutes. The solicitation of alms also disqualifies

recipients in about one-half of the States.

The maximum amount which an applicant may receive is specified

in most States, with a few States also specifying minimum allowances (table 17). The maximum which may be granted ranges from

$15 to $50 a month. The majority of States have adopted a maxi- mum of $30 a month. As in the case of old age assistance, the

Federal Social Security Act provides for matching State grants

to blind assistance recipients in an amount not to exceed $15

a month. Additional assistance or supplementary services for

the purpose of removing a disability may be given in many

States. In several of these States supplementary services may

be granted to blind individuals who would not be otherwise en- titled to monthly allowances. This provision has been included

as a preventive measure in the hope that a person's eyesight

may be so improved as to enable him to become self-supporting

before he actually needs blind assistance. Approximately one- third of the States provide burial allowances ($50 to $150) for

recipients of blind assistance.

DEPENDENT CHILDREN

There are two types of provisions for dependent children.

One type provides for those children who may be cared for in

their own homes and the homes of relatives or specified persons

by means of cash payments to the person responsible for the care

of the child (tables 18—21). The other type relates to orphans

or children who are neglected and hence are dependent upon the

public for support (tables 22—27). These latter children frequently come within the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts and

are placed and maintained in foster homes or institutions.

Aid to Dependent Children in Their Own Homes

Eligibility requirements for aid to dependent children in

their own homes relate principally to age, residence, thepersons

eligible to care for the child, and need (tables 19 and 20).
14 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

In the majority of States a child must be under 16 years of

age in order for his relatives to be eligible to receive aid in

his behalf. There are, however, two States which place the age

at 14, and a few have placed the age at 18 years.

Citizenship on the part of the applicant is required infreq^uently and in the majority of these States a declaration by

the applicant of his or her intent ion to become a citizen satisfies the requirement. Only one State statute requires that the

child must be a citizen.

The residence requirement adopted by the majority of States

is that the child must have resided in the State for 1 year

immediately preceding the application or have been born in the

State within 1 year immediately preceding the application if

its mother resided in the State 1 year immediately preceding

its birth. This provision is the most stringent State residence

requirement which a State may enact and still be eligible for

grants under the Federal Social Security Act. A few States

require that the applicant have a local residence of 1 or 2

years. As in the two other social security categories, a re- quirement of local residence which prohibits the granting of

aidtocases not meeting the requirement disqualifies the State

for reimbursement under the Social Security Act.

Any of the following relatives, if caring for the child, are eligible to receive aid under most State statutes: father,

mother, grandfather, grandmother, brother, sister, stepfather,

stepmother, stepbrother, stepsister, uncle, or aunt. These are

the persons who are specified as eligible by the Federal Social

Security Act. A few States specify that only mothers may re- ceive aid, while afew others have broadened the class so as to

include any person standing in loco parentis to the child.

Less than one-third of the State laws contain provisions re- lating to the fitness of the person caring for the child. These

provisions usually state that the person must be morally, mentally, and physically fit to care for the child; interpretation

of this phrase is left to administrative discretion. Nearly

one-half of the State laws specify that the home must be suitable for the purposes of raising the child.

Need is not expressed in definite terms in the majority of

statutes, but it must arise from certain conditions or circumstances. Financial inability of applicant is not sufficient to

meet the need qualification. The prevailing requirement, en- acted in three-quarters of the States, is very broad and specifies that the applicant must be unable to support the child and

that such inability must be caused by the death, continued

absence from the home, or the physical or mental incapacity of a parent. A few statutes, much narrower in their provisions,

allow aid only if the father is dead or mentally incapacitated.
ELIGIBILITY PROVISIONS AND TYPES OF CARE GRANTED • 15

However, in some of the States with narrow statutory provisions,

aid may be granted to a mother who is divorced or unmarried, or whose husband is an inmate of an institution. Only a few States

place any specific limitation upon the amount of property which

an applicant may own. Allowances for aid to dependent children are based upon the

number of children being cared for by the applicant (table 21).

They are usually expressed in maiximum terms, andthe sum allowed

for the first child is generally greater than for each additional

child. The Federal Social Security Board makes grants toStates

for one-third of their expenditures for aid to dependent children up toamaximum grant of $6 a month for the first child and

$4 for each additional child. The maximum grant of $1B a month

for the first child and $12 for each additional child has been

adopted in less than 10 States. Other grants range from $2.50

a week for each child up to $25 a month for the first child,

with a limit of $75 for an entire family. About one-half of the

States do not specify maximum allowances but state that aid must

be granted in the amount necessary for the support of the child

in a manner compatible with decency and health. Burial allowances (ranging from $50 to $150) are provided for in seven States.

Dependent and Neglected Children

Dependent and neglected children are those children who are dependent upon the public for support because they have no per- sons responsible for their care or because the persons responsible for their care have neglected this responsibility. Since

these children have no suitable homes of their own and their

relatives are not willing to make homes for them, it is necessary to care for them by other means (table 22). They are usually, though not always, brought within the jurisdiction of the

juvenile court for the purpose of deciding questions of guardianship and liability for their care. Where these questions

are not involved, many public and private agencies have the

power and authority to care and provide for children, but m

all jurisdictions it is necessary to obtain a court order to

remove children from the custody of parents who are neglecting

them. Children must be under specified ages (ranging from 10

to 21 years depending upon the State , wit h the majority of States

placing the age for boys at 16 and girls at 18) to come within

the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. In all States any child

under the statutory age who is destitute, homeless, abandoned,

and dependent upon the public for support or who is living m

an unfit environment with improper parental care may be placed

in a foster home, a public institution, or with a private association or agency willing to care for it (table 24) The majority of statutes express a preference for foster home care
16 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

and provide inmost instances that children maintained in institutions shall be placed in private homes as soon as possible.

Thirty-one States and the District of Columbia maintain institutions for the care of dependent and neglected children and

many States provide for the establishment of county and local

detention homes and institutions (tables 25 and 26).

In several States dependent andneglected children may be committed to industrial schools and similar institutions designated

by law as primarily for the care of delinguent children Some

State statutes specif ically prohibit the maintaining of children

in almshouses; but in jurisdictions which havenosuch expressed

prohibition, children may be cared for in these institutions

There has been, however, a decided trend away from this type of

care.

VETERAN RELIEF

Special statutory provisions for the care and support of veterans exist in practically all States (tables 28-33) -^ These

provisions are of three types: direct relief (26 States), pensions (-21 States), and care in State institutions (38 States).

The majority of statutes providing for direct relief include

the wives, widows, and dependent children of veterans m the

class of eligibles; over one-half of the statutes also include

other dependent relatives. Pensions are granted only to the

veteran or his widow under the majority of State pension acts;

a few provide for pensions to other dependent relatives. Care

in State institutions is generally restricted to veterans and

their wives or widows; only about one-half of the States provide

for institutional care of other dependent relatives. Nurses who

served in time of war are frequently designated as eligible for

relief pensions, and institutional care. Servants of soldiers

are granted pensions under the laws of a few of the Southern

States.

Eligibility requirements for all three types of veteran as

sistance relate principally to residence, the war in which service was rendered, and need. Disability is a condition for

receipt of such aid in a few States, some of whose statutes provide that the disability must have resulted from military serv

ice.

^vprPT-an^! are usually eligible for any type of relief and assistance provldld thTy meet th* qua iflcatlons Imposed. However, special Prov ^ °ns

for veterans have been made Inmany States and it Is these special provisions

Which are referred to in the discussion of veteran relief. Some of the

ftatute's'Vo^ldlng for pensions or institutional care for veterans do not

prescribe need as a qualification for eligibility. These statuteb

. been included in the tabulations and text only for the purpose o^ P^°^^^^^S

a complete coverage of legislation providing relief, pensions, or institu

tlonal aid to veterans.
ELIGIBILITY PROVISIONS AND TYPES OF CARE GRANTED • 17

The majority of State statutes providing for all three types

of aid prescribe residence reguirements. The periods of resi- dence required for eligibility for direct veteran relief range from 3 months to 5 years. Iferiods necessary for receipt of

pensions vary from 1 to 31 years. The residence requirements

for institutional care vary even more widely. In some instances

these requirements are waived if the veteran enlisted from the

State and in other instances enlistment from the State is the

only qualification imposed in the nature of a residence requirement . Veterans of all wars are eligible for direct relief in the

majority of States making provisions for direct relief to veterans. However, legal provisions granting pensions to veterans

of all wars exist in only three States (Massachusetts , New Jersey,

and New York). Approximately three-fourths of the States providing for pensions grant them only to veterans of the Civil

War, and most of these are Southern States which grant pensions

to Confederate veterans. Minnesota does not provide pensions

to any veterans except those of the Indian Wars. World War and

Spanish-American War veterans receive pensions under the laws

of Maine.

Nearly one-half of the States providing institutional care do

not require service in any specific war but grant aid to all

veterans of the armed forces of the United States. Approximately

one-fourth of the States provide institutional care for Civil

War veterans only, and these institutions are principally for

the care of Confederate veterans. The statutes of the remaining States specify that the veteran must have been engaged in a particular war. The statutes providing direct relief do not define need by

specific terms but use such descriptive words as "dependent,"

"needy," and "poor." Ten of the twenty-one States granting

pensions prescribe need as a qualification; seven State laws

make disability a condition for receiving a pension without

prescribing need; and the remaining four State laws authorize

pensions on the basis of veteran status alone. Approximately

one-half of the States which prescribe need as a condition for

eligibility for a pensiondef ine need in terms of specific limitations on property and income, while those remaining use the same

' type of descriptive language as that found in the statutes providing direct relief to veterans. The statutes in two-thirds

of the States providing institutional care state in general

terms that an applicant for admittance must be in need.

The type and amount of aid granted veterans varies widely.

Relief in cash or in kind is provided for frequently under vet- eran direct relief statutes. Many of these laws use the term

relief without definition. A few of the statutes provide that

138640 O—39 3
18 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

a veteran may not be removed to an almshouse without his consent

and must receive relief in his own home. Pensions generally

take the form of fixed cash sums paid periodically and may amount

to as much as $500 a year. All of the States, whether or not

they have provision for the relief of veterans, make some provision for their burial.
Section

ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR RELIEF AND

PUBLIC ASSISTANCE

Two FACTORS in the early development of relief and public as- sistance programs greatly influenced their administration. The

first of these was the placement of administrative responsibility

upon local units. The doctrine of local responsibility so firmly

established within the earliest systems was carried over to the

special types of programs which developed much later. The second

factor was the establishment inmany States of separate agencies

to administer each function. Such agencies were either State

or local, depending upon the incidence of administrative responsibility. Experience showed, however, that there was often an absence of uniform administration throughout the State when the

responsibility was entirely local and a lack of coordination and

a duplication of effort when similar functions were administered

by separate agencies. Consequently, new principles of centralization and integration have gradually been adopted.

Until as late as 1932 administrative responsibility for relief

and public assistance was usually placed exclusively upon local

units of government, except in those instances where State institutions had been established for the care of children and

veterans. In addition, the State usually assumed the administrative responsibility for veterans' pensions. With the establishment of State emergency relief agencies between 1931 and

1933, there began a definite shift away from placing full re- sponsibility for general relief upon local units. During the

period since January 1, 1930, there has been also a rapid increase

in the number of States enacting old age assistance and blind

assistance laws, and there has been considerable revision in

the laws providing for aid to dependent children in their own homes. Practically all of this new legislation has provided for

State administrative participation; by the end of 1938 the majority of States had established State agencies to administer

19
20 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

directly, or to supervise, relief and public assistance. Federal

participation in the field—through the Federal Emergency Relief

Administration (established in 1933) and later through the Socicil Security Board (established in 1935) —gave impetus to the

movement toward centralization. This movement has not excluded

local participation, since the majority of States have established local agencies eith"er to administer relief and public

assistance under the supervision of a State agencyorto assist

the State agency in the administration of these programs.

INCIDENCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY

General Rel ief

State administrative participation in general relief programs

exists in less than two-thirds of the States (table 1). This

participation usually consists of the supervision by State agencies of local units having direct administrative responsibility.

Only 10 States^ have assumed direct administrative responsibility for general relief, and in 8 of these the local units

are elLso authorized to administer a general relief program based

on the old poor laws.

01 d Age Ass! stance

All States have enactedold age assistance laws and have placed

some administrative responsibility upon a State agency (table 6) . This is due directly to the provisions of the Federal Social

Security Act which require that a State agency have either direct

or supervisory responsibility for the administration of old age

assistance. Twenty-six States make the State agency directly

responsible, and the remaining twenty-two have placed supervisory responsibility upon the State agency.

B1 i nd Assi stance

Because of the influence of the Federal Social Security Act,

State administrative participation in blind assistance programs

is similar to that of old age assistance programs (table 12).

State agencies participate in all but 1 State, with State agencies supervising local administrative units in 23 States and

having direct responsibility in 21 States. Under the laws of

New Jersey both the State and county agencies participate in

making final original determinations of blind assistance applications. In Florida each of the State and local units have

direct administrative responsibility for separate programs of

blind assistance.

Aid to Dependent Children in Their Own Homes

State programs for aid to dependent children in their o\\'n homes must include provision for State supervision or direct

"Texas Is Included In these 10 States; however, no State funds have been

appropriated for the State administered general relief program as of January 1, 1939.
ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY • 21

administration if the States are to receive Federal benefits

under the Social Security Act. As a result only 3 States out

of 48 have made no provision for such State administrative participation (table 18). State agencies are vested with supervisory

responsibility in 24 States and with direct administrative re- sponsibility in the remaining States. Three States which have

enacted legislation to conform to the Federal Social Security

Act have retained the older "mothers' aid" statutes which are locally administered.

Dependent and Neglected Children

State laws providing for the care of dependent and neglected

children by agencies and in institutions are much more complex

than other relief and public assistance statutes. Because of

the part played by juvenile courts, these programs are quasijudicial as well as administrative. Since diversified types

of care are given by both public and private agencies, it is

difficult to establish criteria for determining direct administrative or supervisory responsibility, and it is impossible to

employ the criteria used to place administrative responsibility

in systems which grant cash payments to individuals.

There are three steps in the administration of the care of

dependent and neglected children. The first involves the com- mitment or placement of the child with a person, association,

or institution if it is impossible for it to remain in its own

home. The second step concerns the administration of the actual care of the child ajid the third the supervision of both placement and care. Commitments of dependent and neglected children are made by

local juvenile courts, or other courts exercising juvenile jurisdiction, in all the States and Territories and in the District

of Columbia. Placements of such children are made by both State

and local welfare agencies in most States and by private childcaring agencies and public and private institutions in some

States. Whenever questions of guardianship or legal custody

are involved, it is necessary to bring the child within the

jurisdiction of the juvenile court. Welfare agencies receive

children for placement by either court commitment or by voluntary

surrender of the child by its parents or guardian.

In most States the administration of the actual care of these

children is divided among State, local, and private agencies and

institutions. Thirty-one States and the District of Columbia

have established institutions to care for dependent and neglected

children. A number of States have provided for the establishment

of such institutions by counties or other local governmental

units.

Supervision of the care of dependent and neglected children

is exercised by juvenile courts, local agencies, and State agencies. The supervisory power of the juvenile courts is derived
22 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

from the provision in the statutes of the majority of States

granting such courts continuing jurisdiction over children who

have appeared before them until they reach the age of 21 years

or are legally adopted. This supervision is usually performed

by probation officers or local boards of visitors appointed by

the courts who visit children cared for by both public and private agencies and institutions.

In nearly all of the States there is a State agency charged with

the supervision of local public institutions andprivate agencies

and institutions. This supervision consists of the establishment

of standards of care and their enforcement. Approximately threefourths of the States give this agency the power to license all

child-caring agencies. In about one-half of the States the

State agency may delegate power of supervision to local agencies.

Freq^uently, local institutions are placed by law under the supervision of county agencies which may be courts, boards of visitors,

or county welfare departments.

Veteran Rel ief

In the determination of the administrative responsibility for

veteran relief, it is necessary to consider the three types of care (direct relief , pensions, and institutional care ) separately. Ten of the twenty-six States providing for direct relief

place the administrative responsibility exclusively upon local

units. In three States private veteran organizations administer

these programs. Rhode Island and Connecticut have dual programs,

one administered by the State and the other by local units.

Seven additional States have assumed complete administrative

responsibility while Georgia, Kzmsas, Massachusetts, and Michigan

provide for the supervision of local administration.

Veterans' pensions are directly adm.inistered by State agencies

in the majority of States. Only 5 of the 21 States providing

pensions place this responsibility upon local units, and 3 of

these provide for State supervision.

The responsibility for the direct administration of institutional care of veterans is lodged with the State in all jurisdictions but California, which provides for the establishment of

county or city veteran homes.
Section IV

PROVISIONS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES

FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR

RELIEF AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE '

The procedure adopted for the determination of the eligibility

of an applicant is an important part of administration. The

pattern of this procedure has been set by law and depends con- siderably upon the location of administrative responsibility

and upon the relationship between State and local administrative

units (tables 1, 6, 12, 18, 29, 31, and 33).

The various types of procedure may be divided into tvro general

groups: (1) the procedures for making the final original determination;^ and (2) those providing for further consideration

of an application if the parties involved are not satisfied with

the final original determination. The latter procedures consist

of appeals by the applicant, complaints by citizens, reviews by

the State agency either on its own motion or on appeal or com- plaint, and periodic reconsideration by State or local agencies.

FINAL ORIGINAL DETERMINATION

Relief and Public Assistance Other Than Care of Dependent and

Neglected Children by Agencies and in Institutions'

The following nine methods have been provided by law for making the final original determination: (1) exclusive investigation and determination by a State agency; (2) final original

^It is empnaslzed tnat, tUls analysis Is based entirely upon legal provisions and that actual practice may vary from the administrative procedures

outlined In this section.

^The seemingly contradictory words final original have been used because

under many State statutes the original determination Is not final but must

be approved by another administrative agency before becoming effective.

The term final original responsibility means the responsibility for determining whether or not an applicant shall receive relief or assistance In the absence of an appeal or review.

^Because procedures for determining the eligibility of dependent and neglected children differ considerably from other types of relief they will

be considered separately.

23
24 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

determination by the central State office upon the advice of its

local office"^ which makes the investigation; (3) final original

determination by the State agency upon the advice of a local

agency^ which makes the investigation; (4) investigation and

final original determination by a local office of a State agency which establishes rules and regulations and supervises its

local off ice; (5) investigation and final original determination

by a local agency under supervision of a State agency; (6) investigation by a State agency which advises a local agency which

mak«s the final original determination; (7) investigation by a State agencywhich makes the final original determination jointly

with a local agency; (8) exclusive investigation and determination by a local agency; and (9) investigation by one local agency

which advises a second local agency which makes the final original determination.

These procedures have not been adopted uniformly for all types

of relief and public assistance. In fact, varying procedures

for different types of relief or public assistance are found

within statutes of individual States. The procedures most com- monly enacted into law are those listed as (4) and (5) above,

in which the investigation and final original determination are

made by a local office or local agency under the supervision of a State department. Legislation providing for advisory procedures [(2) and (3) above] has been adopted with some freq.uency as also has the provision for exclusive investigation and final

original determination by a State agency [procedure (1)]. This

latter procedure may easily be varied in practice, however, by

the delegation of part of the function of the State agency to

either its local offices or to local agencies. Such a delegation may result in making the State agency supervisory in character or in placing it in the position of receiving advice from

local offices or agencies to which investigatory powers have

been delegated.

The procedures in which one agency makes the investigation and

advises a second agency [(2) and (3) above] may also vary in

practice depending upon the consideration given the recommendations of the investigating agency. In some States this procedure may amount to nothing more than a clerical check of all

applications by the agency authorized to make the final original

determination in order to ascertain whether or not matters of

form have been complied with. In other jurisdictions the powers

may result in a real weighing of the merits of each individual

application by the agency with the final authority.

4 The term local office used here refers to a local authority which Is an agent of the State department.

5The term local agency refers to an authority which Is an agent of the local governmental unit.
PROVISIONS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES • 25

In the majority of States where the law has placed no administrative responsibility on the State, the investigation and

final original determination is made by a single local agency.

This type of procedure (8) is found most frequently in the laws

providing for general relief and direct relief to veterans.

The remaining procedures [(6), (7), and (9)] have been adopted

in only a few instances.^

Dependent and Neglected Children

Because children without parents or proper guardianship cannot

be relied upon to provide for themselves adequately, legal procedures have been established which insure that dependent and

neglected children shall receive care and training. Of course,

in practically all of the States parents or guardians may for

good cause voluntarily surrender their children or wards to agencies or institutions authorized to care for them. However, in

several of these States even this voluntary surrender can be

consummated only with the approval of a court having juvenile

jurisdiction.

The procedure provided in statutes establishing juvenile courts

is fairly uniform (table 23). In all States there exist county

and city courts vested with jurisdiction over dependent and neglected children. Usually any resident of the community having

knowledge that a child is dependent or neglected may file a petition to that effect with such a court. Welfare officials are specifically authorized frequently to file these petitions and

in some States are required to do so. The next step, the investigation of the petition, is provided

for in all States. This investigation is usually made by probation officers attached to the juvenile court or by welfare agencies designated by the court to act in this capacity. Children

are generally placed in the care of these officers or agencies

until their final disposition has been determined by the court.

A private hearing is usually provided for. Many State laws

specify that no jury be impaneled, though several State statutes

do provide for a jury if desired by the interested parties. The

laws generally require the investigating officer to be present

to represent the interests of the child.

All of the statutes grant the presiding judge discretionary

power, within limitations, to make final disposition of the child

in a manner which will best serve its interests.

Reinvestigations and recons iderat ions. —Provisions for reinvestigations

and reconsiderations of the grant of assistance are found principally In the statutes providing for the categories Included In the Social Security

Act. Only a few general relief and none of the veteran relief statutes contain such provisions. Most States provide that reinvestigations and

reconsiderations must be made when required by the State board or department,

but In some States periodic reinvestigation and reconsideration of the eligibility of all recipients are required.
26 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

APPEALS AND FAIR HEARINGS

The Federal Social Security Act stipulates that a State is

ineligible to receive Federal grants for old age assistance,

blind assistance, and aid to dependent children, unless it allows

an applicant for any of these three types of assistance an opportunity for a fair hearing before the State agency if his or her claim for assistance is denied. Provisions allowing fair

hearings under such circumstances are found in the majority of

State laws providing for these three special types of aid. Frequently fair hearings are also allowed if the applicant is dissatisfied with the final original decision. Provisions allowing

appeals and fair hearings are found in relatively few State

statutes providing for general and veteran relief.

In States in which the final original decision is made by a local administrative unit, the law generally provides for an appeal to a State agency which makes the final decision. In

States in which the final original decision is made by the State

agency, the hearing is usually conducted by the State board or other designated off icials within the State agency. Technically,

there is no appeal in these instances since the final original

decision is reviewed by officials of the agency which made that

decision. A few States, in which the law is directly administered by a State agency, have felt the need for a further appeal

and have made provision for an appeal to a court of law from

the decision of the officials conducting the fair hearing.

Provisions for appeals to courts of law are found in several

State statutes even though in some instances an appeal to a State agency is allowed from the decision of a local agency.

Judicial review of administrative decisions has been seriously

opposed on the ground that the administration of relief and

public assistance is not a judicial function but one to be performed only by trained administrators. However, whenever an applicant is denied relief or assistance under a mandatory statute, he may sue for a writ of mandamus against the administering

official, which in effect is an appeal of the original decision

to a court of law. Some of the recent statutes, with the specific intent of barring court action, make the decision of the

State agency final. Such provision tends to prevent the issu- ance of writs of mandamus except in those cases which have been

arbitrarily and unfairly decided against an applicant.

Approximately one-half of the State juvenile court statutes

allow appeals to higher courts. Denial of appeal, because it seems arbitrary and 'may be held to abridge a constitutional

right, may result in the use of another legal method (habeas

corpus proceedings) to achieve the same result. The exercise

of the right of appeal from juvenile court decisions may be

easily abused since an appeal, barring statutory provision to
PROVISIONS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES • 27

the contrary, has the legal effect of suspending the operation

of the decree until the appeal is decided. In such cases the

child is often returned to the situation which led to the juvenile court proceedings. A few States providing for appeals from

juvenile court decisions have taken steps to prevent such occurrences by requiring continued care by the court pending the

outcome of the appeal.

COMPLAINTS

Specific provisions are made in a few States for complaints

from citizens or taxpayers who believe that aid has been improperly granted. Less than one-fourth of the old age assistance

statutes contain such a provision; while in laws providing for

other types of relief and assistance, complaints are specifically authorized only in isolated instances. They do not appear

at all in veteran relief statutes. In the majority of States

authorizing complaints, it is mandatory upon the State agency

to make investigation.

REVIEW ON OWN MOTION AND FURTHER INVESTIGATION

The majority of State agencies which supervise direct administration of the public assistance provisions contained in the

Social Security Act are granted the authority to review applications on their ovra motion. Generally coupled with this au- thority is the power to make further investigations of applications. Such additional investigation may be necessary in cases where complaints have been made or appeals taken.

Section V

PROVISIONS FOR THE FINANCING OF RELIEF AND

PUBLIC ASSISTANCE

The trend toward an increasing centralization in financial re- sponsibility for relief and public assistance is similar to the

trend in administrative responsibility. Financial responsibility was placed entirely upon local units in the majority of early

laws except those providing for State institutions for children

and veterans and pensions for veterans. Prior to 1930 no State

had assumed any responsibility for the total general relief

load, although New York and the New England States reimbursed

local units of government for the funds expended on the "State

poor" (persons without legal settlement in a local governmental

unit and for whom no local unit of government was financially

responsible).^ Only 2 of the 10 States which had old age assistance programs contributed State funds to the care of the aged.

Approximately one-third of the statutes establishing programs

for aid to dependent children in their own homes and less than

one-half of blind assistance systems provided for State contributions. An increase in the proportion of States participating

in the financing of these programs began in 1933, and by January 1,

1939, most of the States had assumed some financial responsibility for all these programs.

Some State funds for general relief are currently provided in

approximately two-thirds of the States (table 5). State participation is found much more widely in the three categories (old

age, blind assistance, and aid to dependent children) included

in the Federal Social Security Act, which requires that the

State assume some financial responsibility in order to qualify

for Federal reimbursement. State funds are granted for old age

assistance in all States, over one-half of which share financial

responsibility with local units (table 11). Approximately the

^In New York the State also assumed responsibility for needy Indians on reservations.

29
30 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

same situation exists in the statutes granting blind assistance

except that two States have not as yet assumed any financial

responsibility (table 17). All but four States have made funds

available for aid to dependent children programs, but less than

one-third of them have assumed the entire responsibility (table

21).

The care of dependent and neglected children is at least partially financed by a majority of States, which maintain either

State institutions or appropriate funds for the care of children

in foster homes or private institutions. Local units of government are also given some financial responsibility for the care

of such children in practically all of the States (table 27).

Institutional care of veterans and veterans' pensions are financed from State funds in all States-. However, approximately

two-thirds of the States granting direct relief to veterans

place the financial responsibility upon local units (tables 29,

31, and 33).

PROVISION FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF STATE FUNDS

Several methods have been provided for the distribution of

State funds (tables 5, 11, 17, and 21). States assuming the

full responsibility may either distribute funds directly to individuals or may transfer such funds to local units of government for distribution. In States which share the financial

responsibility with local units, the funds may be allotted to

local governmental units for distribution or the State may make

payments and obtain reimbursements from the local units.

The majority of States that have assumed the total financial

responsibility provide for the distribution of funds directly

to individual applicants. In most instances where the financial

responsibility is shared, State funds are allocated to local

units for distribution to individuals. A few States, however,

provide for the distribution of funds by the State which is

reimbursed by local units for their proportionate share.

The method of distribution most frequently found in instances

where the responsibility is divided consists of a rigid statutory

formula in which the percentage contributions of the State and

local units are specified. The extent of State contributions

ranges from 25 percent to 90 percent of the total. Another type

of rigid statutory formula has been adopted in a few States which

provide for the distribution of funds on the basis of population.

Several State statutes have been drafted so as to allow administrative officials to consider the financial capacity of local

units. The majority of these State laws do not establish definite legal formulae for the allocation of funds but have left

to administrative discretion the determination of the need of

the various local units. A few States, however, have established
PROVISIONS FOR THE FINANCING • 31

criteria for administrative guidance. Among them are: (lithe

number of cases and the cost of living within each local unit;

(2) the number of cases and ability of the local unit to meet

costs; and (3) population, need, and financial condition of the

local unit.

The Louisiana statutes provide for a flat percentage reimbursement but authorize the State Department of Public Welfare

to assume the total burden if a parish is unable to contribute

its share because of financial inability or legal prohibition.

Several other States which have provided for a flat percentage

contribution have also taken into consideration the possible

financial incapacity of local units and have provided for this

contingency by authorizing loans or additional grants.

SOURCES OF FUNDS FOR RELIEF AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE

An examination of the types of funds used for relief and public assistance shows that practically all States at present are financing these programs out of current revenue rather than from

borrowed funds. This is in sharp contrast to the general use

of borrowed funds for emergency unemployment relief prior to

1935.

Relief and public assistance are financed more frequently

from general revenue than from any other source. However, the

receipts of certain taxes are specifically appropriated to these

activities in many States, but no one type is used consistently

throughout the States.^ Liguor and beverage taxes are applied

in about one-fourth of the Sta.tes to finance general relief,

old age assistance, blind assistance, or aid to dependent children. Sales taxes serve the same purpose in about 10 States.

Since, for the majority of local governmental units, property

taxes are the only source of revenue this type of tax is generally used where the law requires local contribution.

Only the legal sources of funds have been studied. In order to make a complete analysis of the sources of funds for these activities, it would be necessary to go beyond the acts appropriating relief money from general revenue to discover when specified tSLxes had been levied to reimburse the general

fund depleted by such appropriations. Such instances cannot be traced by

examination of the statutes alone.

Section VI

THE INTEGRATION OF PUBLIC WELFARE

FUNCTIONS WITHIN A SINGLE STATE AGENCY

RELIEF AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE

In 1931, following the assumption of some administrative responsibility (either direct or supervisory ) by the States for relief

and public assistance, there began a trend toward the centralization of administrative responsibility within a single State

agency. The degree of integration which has occurred varies

among the several States. Strictly speaking, complete integration exists only in those States where all types of relief

or public assistance for which the State has some administrative

responsibility are administered by a single State agency. However, for the purpose of this analysis it is considered that a significant degree of integration exists when at least three

types of relief or public assistance are administered by a single

State agency. Integration to this extent indicates a fairly

clear intention to centralize the administration of relief and

assistance within a single agency. On the other hand, the administration of only two types of relief by a State agency does

not necessarily show an-intention on the part of the legislature

to set up an integrated system. Some States which formerly haid only two types of relief , both of which were administered by the same agency, had at a later date adopted new types of relief for

which the administrative responsibility rested in separate independent agencies.

The types of assistance included in the Federal Social Security Act were the first to be included in partially or completely

integrated systems. The Federal act requires State administrative participation, and many of the States were placing some administrative responsibility for these public assistance functions upon State agencies for the first time where integration

first occurred.

138640 0—39 4 oo
34 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

On January 1, 1939, 45 States had State agencies administering

or supervising at least 3 types of relief and public assistance.

Approximately one-half of those State agencies participated

administratively in five relief or assistance functions, while

several States had a completely integrated system. ^ Only Delaware, Michigan, and Mississippi administered the bulk of their

relief and assistance programs through independent agencies.

Those functions which are included in the Federal Social Security Act are more frequently administered or supervised through

integrated systems than either general or veteran relief. Old

age assistance is administered or supervised through an integrated system in 44 States, blind assistance in 41 States, and

aid to dependent children in 44 States. Some administrative

function relating to dependent and neglected children is carried

out through an integrated system in 43 States. There are, how- ever , several States which have in addition independent agencies

administering or supervising care of dependent and neglected

children.

The majority (24) of the States which have assumed some administrative responsibility for general relief have placed this

responsibility within an integrated system. As many as 18 States,

however, have not assumed any administrative responsibility.

Veteran relief has been included within integrated systems

less frequently than any other type. In only 13 States do

agencies which administer 3 or more other types of relief or

pub-lie assistance also administer some phase of veteran relief,

and in only a very few of these does such agency administer or supervise the complete veteran relief program.

GENERAL PUBLIC WELFARE PROGRAM

The discussion of integration up to this point has been con- cerned with relief and public assistance. Inasmuch as there is

a close relationship among dependency, deficiency, and delinquency, it is important that close cooperation exists among agencies concerned with these various phases of a complete welfare

program. Necessary cooperation may exist between independent

agencies handling these problems, but the difficulty of effective cooperation increases with every increase in the number of

independent agencies.

An analysis of the statutes providing for the public welfare

systems of the several States indicates that, generally speaking, they fall into one of five types -.^ (1) Complete or almost

complete integration of all public welfare functions within one

See organizational charts and summaries In agpendlx C.

'T'hls classification Is based upon the legal and constitutional provisions

of the several States. It does not take Into consideration such qualitative

factors as the relative importance of various State agencies or the fact

that Integration may exist by Informal or extra-legal methods. For the
INTEGRATION OF PUBLIC WELFARE FUNCTIONS • 35

agency."' Thirteen States'* and the District of Columbia fall

within this group, while New Hampshire and Virginia are on the

borderline between this group and group 3. (2) Complete or almost complete integration of relief and public assistance

functions within one agency and complete or almost complete

integration of other public welfare functions (usually institutional) within a second agency. Seventeen States^ come within

this class. (3) Complete or almost complete integration of

relief and public assistance functions within a single agency

with other public welfare functions administered by independent

agencies. Thirteen States,^ Alaska, and Hawaii come within this

group. (4) Complete or almost complete integration of functions

other than relief or public assistance with relief and public

assistance being administered by independent agencies. Mississippi is the only State coming within this class. (5) All public welfare functions administered by independent agencies.

Delaware and Michigan come within this class. It is interesting

that types 4 and 5, which, except in a few of the larger industrial States, were the prevailing types of public welfare systems prior to 1933, exist now in only a negligible number of

States.

purpose of this classification integration is considered to have occurred

where several agencies are, under the law, finally responsible to a single

agency; In fact, such integration may be of little significance since the separate agencies act quite Independently of one another. It Is to be noted, moreover, that a number of States have shown a definite preference for es- tablishing certain functions under the control of a completely Independent

agency. For example, Maryland, Massachusetts, and New York, have established

separate departments of correction or mental hygiene.

^The term complete or almost complete integration means that the agency

administers or supervises at least three relief or public assistance functions and a majority of the other public welfare functions performed by the State. ^Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Minnesota, Nebraska, New

Jersey, Ohio, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, and Vermont. For complete

welfare statutory organization see charts and summaries In appendix C.

^Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri,

North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Washington, West Virginia, Wyoming, and Wisconsin.

^Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Utah.

Section VII

TYPES OF STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES

ADMINISTERING RELIEF AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE'

State boards of public welfare or public welfare commissions

have been established by law in more than three-fourths of the

States, while agencies administered by a single administrator,

executive director, or commissioner are found in only six States.

STATE BOARDS OF PUBLIC WELFARE

The part which the board or commission plays in the administration of public welfare varies greatly among the States. Their

function ranges from being purely advisory, as with the Massachusetts Board of Public Welfare, to being executive in character,

as with the Minnesota Board of Control. The powers and duties

of these boards and commissions, as distinguished from the powers

and duties of the executive or department , are usually statutory;

but classification of these boards and commissions on the basis

of law alone is meaningless without consideration of their actual operation which is not within the scope of this study.

Organ ization

The composition of public welfare boards varies somewhat among

the several States (table 34). The number of members provided

for ranges from 3 to 15, with approximately one-third of the

State laws providing for boards with 5 members and about an additional one-third for public welfare boards of 7 members.

Qua! if ications

The q.ualif ications for membership on a State public welfare

board are usually stated in general terms and require that the

Only those State agencies which administer any three relief and public

assistance functions or general relief or old age assistance are analyzed

In detail. This analysis Is concerned principally with the types of gov- erning bodies of State departments and does not Include Internal organization

which Is usually established by rules and regulations rather than statute. 37
38 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

appointee have a recognized interest in and knowledge of public

welfare problems. A few State laws specify that members must

be citizens or residents of the State.

Selection and Appointment

Most of the State statutes place limitations upon the appointment of members of public welfare boards (table 34). The provision that the appointment must be made without regard to

political affiliation is found freguently as is the req^uirement

for definite representation of different political parties.

Some laws prevent the appointment of any political officeholder

or public employee, and a few statutes even prohibit a member

of the board from holding office for a specified period after

retirement from the board. Several State statutes provide for

the selection of members from different geographical sections

of the State. The laws freq^uently provide for the appointment

of at least one or two women to serve on the board. In a few

States members are precluded from serving more than two consecutive terms.

In almost all States public welfare boards are appointed by

the Governor. In about half of these the Governor has the sole

authority for making appointments, and in the other half appointments must be confirmed or approved by the State Senate or General Assembly or the Governor's council. The remaining State

laws provide that existing State officers serve on the board in an ex officio capacity. In several States the Governor is an ex officio member of the board.

Terms of Office

In almost all States appointees serve rotating or overlapping

terms in order to assure continuity of policy. Terms range from

3 to 9 years, but 4- or 6-year terms have been most frequently

adopted.

Compensation

Members of public welfare boards in most of the States serve gratuitously except for actual expenses. Few States pay fixed

salaries to members. Approximately one-fourth of the State laws

specify per diem allowances and the majority of these place a limit on the amount which any member may receive in a year.

Service on a public welfare board is considered a full-time job

only in those States which place administrative or executive

duties upon the board. In these instances fixed salaries are paid to the members.

EXECUTIVE OF STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE

In most States provisions are made for an administrator, ex- ecutive director, or commissioner who usually functions with the
TYPES OF STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES • 39

assistance of a board andwho carries out or directs the execution

of the duties and policies of the board or department (table 35).

He may also determine policies or assist a board in determining

policies.

Selection and Appointment

Several methods of selecting the executive have been adopted.

Selection and appointment by the board is the method provided

for in nearly one-half of the States. In a few States this

selection and appointment must be in conformity with the State

civil service laws. In the remaining States the Governor is

given some share in the selection and appointment. Selection

or appointment by the Governor with the advice of his council or the consent of the State legislative body is the method that

has been adopted in about one-fourth of the States. The remaining State statutes either grant the Governor the sole authority

to make the appointment or the authority to approve or disapprove

the selection of the board.

Terms of Office

In over one-half of the States the executive serves at the

pleasure of the board, while in an additional one-fourth a term

of office ranging from 2 to 6 years is stated in the law. In

the remaining States the executive is either a civil service

employee with tenure of office or else serves at the pleasure

of the Governor.

Qual if ications

The qualifications of the executive are included in the statutes

providing for his appointment in about one-half of the States.

The most common provision is that he must be a trained administrator of public welfare. A number of State statutes provide

that only citizens or residents of the State are eligible and

the length of residence required is usually 5 years. The New

Jersey statute specifically states that the appointment need

not be limited to residents. In some States civil service statutes specify qualifications for the executive of the welfare

board.

Compensation

The salary of the executive is usually fixed by law or a maxi- mum is placed upon the amount which may be paid. The board is

given the power to fix the salary without limitation in only a few States.

LOCAL DEPARTMENTS OF PUBLIC WELFARE

In local governmental units there are several types of organizations which have been provided to administer public welfare
40 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

functions (table 36). The local public welfare administrative

unit may be a township, town, city, county, or district. In the

majority of States the county has been designated as the local

unit, but frequently large cities are constituted separate administrative units. Many State statutes authorize two or more counties or cities and counties to unite to form a district

public welfare administrative unit, usually with the consent of

the State department.

Organization

The board and executive form of local organization has been

adopted in the majority of States (table 36). Agencies with

responsibility placed in a single executive without the assist- ance of a board have been provided for in less than a half dozen

States. Less than one-fourth of the States have made no provision for local public welfare organization. In these States

the functions are performed entirely by the State department,

or the administrative duties are placed upon the governing bodies

of local governmental units acting in their official capacity.

The latter situation differs somewhat from that in which a local

public welfare board is established by law and the local governing body (boards of county commissioners, city councils, etc.

)

ex officio constitutes such board. This type of organization

has been provided for in a few States.

Functions of Local Boards

The functions performed by local boards range from executive

to purely advisory. In some instances these boards meet periodically and pass upon all applications. In other instances the

boards' work is confined to advising the local director and

acting in a liaison capacity between local officials and the

community.

(Qualifications of Local Boards

In those States which have provided for the appointment of

local boards of public welfare, residence within the governmental

unit to be served is the qualification most frequently required

of appointees. Often this is theonly requirement, though several

State statutes provide that members must be selected on the

basis of their interest in and knowledge of public welfare. The

size of local boards varies considerably among the States. The

number of members provided for ranges from 3 to 11. Boards con- sisting of five or seven members are most frequently provided.

Provisions assuring the service of women on local boards appear

with some frequency, and a few statutes bar public officials and

relatives of members of local governing bodies. The Arkansas

statute bars retail merchants, presumably because of the influence

they might have over the expenditure of a relief recipient's

funds.
TYPES OF STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES • 41

Selection and Appointment of Local Boards

State departments of public welfare have been granted some authority in relation to the appointment of local boards of

welfare in approximately one-half of the States which provide

for the appointment of local boards (table 36). Various methods

have been provided by statutes: selection and appointment of

total membership by the State department; selection and appointment of part of membership by the State department; appointment

by the State department from lists submitted by local officials;

selection and appointment by local officials from lists submitted by the State department; and selection and appointment

by local officials with the advice or approval of the State

department. In the majority of the remaining States the membership is selected and appointed by local officials without the

assistance of the State department. Local boards are appointed

by the Governors of a few States, and in one State, Massachusetts,

they are elected.

Terms of Office of Local Boards

Rotating or overlapping terms are usually established for

periods ranging from 1 to 6 years. Three-year or four-year terms

have been adopted in approximately one-half of the States providing for the appointment of local boards. In three States

the length of term is fixed by the State department.

Compensation of Local Boards

Some provision for remuneration of members of local boards is

contained in the laws of about one-half of the States providing

for their appointment. Compensation is usually restricted to expenses incurred in the performance of their duties; however,

a few of these States also grant a per diem allowance.

LOCAL EXECUTIVE

Specific provisions for local directors or administrators have

been made in about two-thirds of the States (table 37). Where

local boards or departments have been established with the power

to appoint a staff, an executive could probably be appointed

under such provision even though the appointment is not specif ically authorized.

In about one-third of the States which make specific provision

for a local executive, the State department participates in the

selection and appointment. The types of participation by the

State department are similar to those providing for the appointment of local boards. Local boards are authorized* to appoint

an executive in an additional one-third of these States. In the

remaining States the executive is elected or appointed by either

the local governing body or the Governor.
42 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Generally the executive holds office during the pleasure of

the appointing body. Specific qualifications for the local

director are not usually established by law, although many statutes provide that he must meet the gualif ications imposed by the

State department of public welfare. The provision that the appointee must be a resident of the county is found in a few States.
Appendixes

43

Appendix A

BASIC TABLES

EXPLANATIONS OF TERMS USED IN TABLES

Rapid expansion and recent developments in the field of public welfare have made

it necessary to set up various terms and definitions for the purposes of this

study. They are indicated and explained in the following paragraphs.

M or indicate the mandatory or optional nature of the law (tables 1, 6, 12, 18, 29, 31, and 33). A law is considered to be mandatory when it is phrased in such a way that it requires the administering official to grant aid if the applicant meets all of the qualifications imposed by law. If the granting of aid to a specific individual when he meets the qualifications is discretionary with the official, the law is considered optional.

Direct responsibility as used in tables 1, 6, 12, 18, 29, and 31 under the caption "administrative responsibility" means the final original responsibility

for determining whether relief or assistance shall be given an applicant. If the final original decision is made by the State department or its agent, the direct

responsibility is considered to be upon that department. On the other hand, if the final original decision is made by an agent of the local unit of government,

then the direct responsibility is considered to be upon that unit. Assisted by as used in the text of tables 1, 6, 12, and 18 under the caption

"direct responsibility" indicates that the administrative agency assisting is not an agent of the administrative agency having direct responsibility but is serving

in an advisory capacity to such administrative agency. Through as used in the text of tables 1, 6, 12, and 18 indicates that the local

administrative agency is an agent of the administrative agency having direct re- sponsibility and makes the final original determinations for that administrative

agency. Supervisory responsibility wherever used means that the administrative agency

does not have direct responsibility but has substantial control of policy and has the power to adopt rules and regulations which are binding on the administrative

agency with direct responsibility.

Final and advisory column heads as- used in tables 1, 6, 12, and 18 under the caption "original determination" and tables 29, 31, and 33 under the caption "de- termination of eligibility" indicate the administrative agency making the final

original determination or serving inan advisory capacity without considering the effect of the presence of an agency relationship. An administrative agency is considered tobe acting in an advisory capacity when its duties consist of making

investigations and forwarding its findings and recommendations to another administrative agency which makes the final original determination.

Administrative responsibility as used in table 33 is restricted to the responsibility for the management or control of an institution and does not necessarily

involve the determination of eligibility for admission to the institution.

Financial responsibility means the responsibility for supplying funds for relief

and public assistance, either for grants to individuals or for administrative

expenses. No consideration has been given to Federal financial participation

unless such participation is specifically mentioned in the State statute. Administered by as used in the summary statements in the appendix means that

the agency concerned has the direct responsibility as defined above.

^The seemingly contradictory words "final orlBlnal" have been used because under many Stat statutes tne original determination Is not final but must be approved by another admlnlstratlv agency be fore becoming effective. The term final original responsibility means the responslbU It

for determining whether or not an applicant shall receive relief or assistance In the absence o an appeal, appea.!, review, levici^, orui reconsideration. i c i..uii^ j.u= i ^ i- ^ "*'

^The administrative agency malting the final original determination Is considered to be an agent

of the State department If the power of appointment and removal of such administrative agency Is vested within the department. If the power of appointment and removal of the admin stratlve agency Is vested In the political heads of the local units or In some Irody other than the State department, or If such administrative agency Is an elected local of flclal , then the administrative agency is considered to be an agent of the local unit of government. 45

General Relief

47
48 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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56 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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5

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4

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6

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6

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gore

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town,

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2

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1

year 1

year 1year

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BASIC TABLES • f-l

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68 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

fable i. —Provisions Affecting Status of Recipients of General Relief

Provisions relating

to paupers^

State Disfranchisement

Exemption

from military

duty

Miscellaneous provisions

Alabama

Paupers . Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum at public expense. Arkansas; State

Local Paupers _ California:

State

Local ... . Voting residents neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum at public expense.

Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any poorhouse or asylum at public expense.Colorado

Delaware Paupers -- Paupers who marry are discharged from State welfare home.

Paupers _ Idaho Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in almshouse at public expense.

Voting residence not gained by virtue of residence in poorhouse,

asylum, or hospital.

Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in almshouse.

(=) Inmates of poorhouses may not hold office.

Maine Paupers .. Paupers _ No certificate of intention to marry may be issued to a pauper.

Paupers _

Massachusetts

Michigan:

State

Paupers __

Local Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum at public expense.

Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum.

Missouri:

State

(^) Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum at public expense.

Paupers _ Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any

almshouse or other asylum at public expense. While Federal funds are available, receipt of unemployment relief

or other temporary aid does not affect civil or political status

of recipient or members of his family.

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico:

State

(*) ---

Paupers __

Local . _

New York Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or institution supported in whole or in part by public

funds.

North Dakota

Ohio

See footnotes at end of table.
BASIC TABLES • 69

Table 4.—Provisions Affecting Status of Recipients of General Rel i cf—Cont i nued

Provisions relating

to paupers^

State Disfranchisement

Exemption

from military

duty

Miscellaneous provisions

Oklahoma: State State—county - {5}

Oregon: State . Local Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum at public expense. Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum at public expense.

Paupers .

Rhode Island ...

South Carolina: State .. Local . Paupers

Tennessee .. . _ Paupers _ Texas: State Local Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in a public asylum or eleemosynary institution.

Utah

Vermont . Marriage license may be issued to a pauper only upon written consent

of selectmen. The commissioner of motor vehicles may, upon wriiten notice from any overseer of the poor, suspend for 1 year the motor vehicle operator's license of any person who has received assistance

during the preceding 2 years. Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any charitable institution. Voting residence neither gained nor lost because of residence in any almshouse or other asylum.

Virginia „ . . Paupers

Washington

Paupers . Wisconsin ...

Alaska:

Pioneers' Home District of Co- lumbia.

Hawaii

The term pauper refers to recipients of "poor relief." Many States which have adopted recent laws pro- viding for general relief do not designate recipients as "paupers." Therefore, the provisions indicated may be ineffective even though they have not been specifically repealed. ^Inmates of charitable institutions may not vote. 'Person kept in any poorhouse or other asylum at public expense, except the Soldiers' Home at St. James

and the Confederate Home at Higginsville, may not vote.

"^Paupers receiving relief within a period of 90 days prior to town meeting may not vote. ^Inmates of poorhouses or asylums (except Federal and Confederate soldiers) may not vote. ^Person not deemed a pauper because of receipt of general relief.
70 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

O W

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BASIC TABLES • 71

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72 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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74 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

1 1 to cJ 0) u = ct \ a <i} o t-i 1 s «e (fl cn O * lO e o -a 0) o <u

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BASIC TABLES • 75

City

or

county

must

provide

fund

equal

to

60

percent

of

amount

tc

be

received

from

State.

Not

more

than

10

percent

of

State

funds

maj

be

used

for

administration.

Quarterly

budgets

submitted

by

counti

commissioners.

Relative

number

of

known

eligible

cases,

relative

costs,

and

such

factors

as

may

be

appropriate

to

assure

reasonable

distribution.

State

emergency

board

makes

allotments

to

State

Industrial

Commission

or

other

agency

designated

by

Governor

in

such

amounts

as

emergency

board

deems

necessary;

including

not

less

than

5

percent

for

all

counties

or

other

local

units.

To

the

extent

that

county

revenues

are

insufficient.

Territory

pays

individual

applicants.

Cost

of

maintenance

of

home.

District

pays

individual

applicants'.

Funds

allocated

to

the

respective

counties

for

cost

of

relief

and

administration.

^ X X ^ >^ Ji i ; ; ;

Towns

or

gores

must

relieve

and

support

persons

found

therein.''^ Temporary

care,

medical

aid,

and

burial.

Board,

nursing,

medical

aid,

or

burial

expenses.

Temporary

relief

as

exigencies

of

th?

case

require.

Board,

maintenance,

medical

and

nursing

aid,

and

burial.

Temporary

relief

Transportation

to

legal

residence.

If

able,

person

must

work

at

place

of

general

reception

for

the

poor.

Work

relief.

Assistance

may

be

given

in

cash

or

in

any

other

form

of

materials

or

services.

Interest

on

mortgage

on

homestead

may

be

paid

to

prevent

payment

of

larger

sum

as

shelter

allowance

should

homestead

be

lost

by

default.

Relief

may

be

given

in

any

other

manner

deemed

advisable

by

the

county

department

of

public

welfare. XX ; X) x >4- >.; 1 X ; 11 '.XX \ \

', X \

\ X x: X X X X ', X ',

i i ; i ! i i I 1 i XX XX X X xlxx

XX ; X X X ; X X I

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West

Virginia

.__

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska:

Temporary Pioneers'

Home

District

of

Columbia.

Hawaii

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76 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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78 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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agent

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security

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O ft o

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5 8
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84 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 85

Inmate

of

any

public

charitable,

custodial,

o

correctional

institution

(temporary

medical

o

surgical

care

in

hospital

excepted).

Intoxication

or

drug

handling.^*

Ability

to

earn

livelihood.

Inmate

of

any

prison,

jail,

State

insane

asylum

or

State

institution

for

the

blind.

Habitual

crimiflal

or

drunkard.

Inmate

of

any

insane

asylum

or

public

reform

or

correctional

institution.

1

year

Habitual

10

years

10

years

...

15

years

_.

--

--

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'.

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1

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within

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within

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IM

_

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within

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(M

C)

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within

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CI 5

within

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...

65

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65

...

65

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70

...

65... 65... 65". 65

...

65

...

65

...

65... 65

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70"

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65

...

65

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65

...

65

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65

...

65

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65

...

65

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66

...

65

...

65". 65

...

65

...

65

...

65

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Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri MontanaNebraska

Nevada

,,

,

(See

apNew

Jersey

peaaii

b.

)-

New

York

North

Carolina

North

Dakota.

Ohio

Oklahoma

.

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

South

Dakota

Tennessee

Texas Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West

Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska

District

of

Columbia

.

Hawaii

o

ao

m

i)o

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Ji
• STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 87

a D

13 -ssa

O. cr

O —

c e e t

O, P „ & o

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W « M

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STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

o

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nt

has

le

and

upport

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must

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BASIC TABLES • 89

a

<u

rao.

1-oa

u

oi O o

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1

1 1 1^ 1 1 1 1

1 1 0) 1 1 1 1

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$360

per

year^®

{']

._

$1

per

day

including

assistance

(") (M (')

1 ! K> 1 i' ! !

, 69 — — , —

Washington

West

Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska

District

of

Columbia

.

Hawaii

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90 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

fable 9.—Types of Aid Received or Needed Which Disqualify Applicants for Old Age

Ass istance

State

Other public assistance

Institutional aid

Public

or private

inst itution

Public institution

In need of continuing

institutional

care

Alabama

Arizona Arkansas California —

Colorado

Connecticut Delaware Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois Indiana

Iowa

Kansas Kentucky Louisiana (See appendix B. )-

Maine Maryland

Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio Oklahoma

Oregon Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah Vermont Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska

District of Columbia

Hawaii

X'.

(^)-

X'.

See footnotes on followinR page.
BASIC TABLES • 91

fatite 9.— Footnotes

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

anthfrii^H^r TJ T 'T'"'

""^ °"'" """'' ''^^i^^-ce except temporary medical or surgical aid unless authorized by the State board. ^Assistance may be granted to inmates of the Home (or the Aged and Infirm Arizona Pioneers al Prescott and to persons temporarily confined in institutions for medical or surgical care. Such care roust be reasonably available. temporary medical or surgical assistance does not disqualify applicant. Inmates of a boarding home or other institution not supported in whole or in part by public funds must be granted aid, except if such persons are cared for under a contract exceeding the period of 1 month or requiring payment of anysum other than for room or board. ^Blind assistance only. ^Assistance granted while maintained in private institution in which applicant has not purchased care and maintenance or where the amount paid for care and maintenance has been wholly consumed. ^Temporary medical or surgical assistance does not disqualify applicant. Receipt of fuel, dental, nursing, osteopathic, chiropractic, medical, or surgical assistance or hospitalizati,on does not disqualify applicant.

°An inmate may make application for assistance but, if granted, assistance must not begin until after

he ceases to be an inmate. '"Applicant is also disqualified if cared for under contract by institution not supported in whole or part

by public funds. J^Also State institution for the blind. Temporary hospitalization does not disqualify applicant.

Inmate of public institution may make application for assistance but, if granted, assistance must not begin until he ceases to be an inmate. I^Any person qualified to receive assistance may live at a privately operated home for the aged. Hospitalization does not disqualify applicant; any applicant not an inmate of a private institution for

the aged at the time of the passage of the act and who was not an inmate thereof during the period of 1 year just prior to the passage of the act may upon entering a private home continue to receive aid if such home is approved by the director of public welfare. Inmates of private institutions approved by State department are not disqualified. Hospitalization does not disqualify applicant. Applicant may not receive other public assistance I except temporary medical or surgical assistance! without approval of county council. Inmate of county home may apply for assistance but, if granted, assistance must not begin until after he ceases to be an inmate.
92 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Portion

of

sums

recovered

paid

to

Federal

Governmeat

Proportionate

share.

Not

to

exceed

50

percent.

50

percent.

Not

to

exceed

50

percent.

Proportionate

share.

50

percent.

50

percent.

Amount

required

by

Federal

law. Not

to

exceed

50

percent.

50

percent.

50

percent.

50

percent.

Rate

of

interest charged

on

sums

granted

and

recovered 4

percent

_

V^

Recovery

in

cases

of

misrepresentation

or

concealment

of

income

or

property

0) s

>

U

g

tna

O

E

.J

minor

-children

liable

to

become

public

charges.

No

claim

enforceable

while

property

is

occupied

by

surviving

spouse

or

dependent

children.

$100

funeral

expenses

and

costs

of

administration

allowed

as

preferred

claim.

viving

spouse.^

No

claim

enforceable

while

property

is

occupied

by

surviving

spouse.

No

claim

enforceable

while

property

is

occupied

by

surviving

spouse.

'"^

No

claim

enforceable

against

property

while

occupied

by

surviving

spouse,

$100

funeral

expenses

and

costs

of

administration^

allowed

as

preferred

claims.

No

claim

enforceable

against

real

property

while

occupied

by

surviving

spouse,

child,

or

children.

No

claim

enforceable

against

real

property

while

occupied

by

surviving

spouse.

''^

Expenses

of

last

illness,

burial,

and

administration

are

allowed

as

preferred

claims.

Recovery from estate upon

death

of

recipient iiiiii^ ;>.^ X X X X XX X

Recovery

in

cases

where

recipient

becomes

possessed

of

property

or

income

in

excess

of

need

or

amount

stated

in

application

\ \ X X \

\ \ \ X X \ X X I

', X ;

Requirement

for

assignment

or

transfer

of

property III'' JT^ ' ' ' ' 1 'a' ' 1 ' 1 ^ [

; ; ; 1 o o ; | o ,

Requirement

for

execution

of

agreement

by

recipient

to

reimburse

governmental unit

I 1 I 1 "^ 1 I 1 II 1 ' 1 ' ' ' '

I 1 1 1 ij 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 ' ' ' '

' I 1 I -^ I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ' ' ' '

1 1 1 '-1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 ' II '

a

qj

.-J I'l^i'ii Jl \ X X X XX 1

State

Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

_--

Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho

Illinois Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Louisiana

(See

aDpendlx

B.)

Maine
BASIC TABLES • 93

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94 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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96 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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98 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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board

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State

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State

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board

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district

department

of

public

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social

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department

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public

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welfare

commission. Board

of

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commissioners

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supervisors.

County

bureau

of

public

welfare.

^°

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Welfare.

Stale

Board

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Social

Welfare.

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welfare.

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court

Parish

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board.

Baltimore

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division

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Education.

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State

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State

Department

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Assistance. State

Baard

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Social

Welfare. State

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Welfare. Stale

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BASIC TABLES • 111

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20/200

or

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eye

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correcting

glasses,

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for

use

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occupations. (') (=)

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acuity

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Legal

settlement^

Legal

settlement

or 1

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immediately

preceding

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(») 1

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immediately

preceding

application.

(M (») 1

year

immediately

preceding

application.

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within

9

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1

year

immediately

preceding

application.*

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112 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • II3

fable 14.— Need Qualifications for Blind Assistance

State Limitations

on property

Limitations on income

Applicant must

not have disposec

of property to qualify

Applicant has no person liable

and able to support him

Alabama (•) () __ Relatives. Arizona __ _ (M (M Within 5 years . Within 2 years _ Arkansas I') (•) California $3,000

(•)

$50 per month including assistance.^

$45 per montli including

assistance.

(•)

{-5)

Colorado . Within 5 years _

X

Connecticut (') _-_.. X Delaware

Florida: State (M (M Within 2 years _ Local.

Georgia, I') (') Within 2 years . X Idaho IM (') Illinois $2,500 (M

$465 per year^

Indiana _ _ (M Within 5 years _ X Iowa __ _ IM (M - Kansas (M .- (') Within 2 years . Kentucky $2,500

(') __..

$400 per year' . ._ . Louisiana (') . Within 5 years _

X

(See appendix B.

}

Relatives.

X.

Maine . (') $30 per montli including

assistance. Maryland „ _ _ (') IM Within 5 years _ Massachusetts

Michigan _ _. _ _ Minnesota (M (M Within 2 years - Within 2 years _ Mississippi __ (M IM -- - Missouri $5,000'

(») .

Parents residing in the State. Montana (M Within 2 years - Nebraska __ _ __ $360 per year including X assistance.

(M . _

Relatives. *°

Nevada (') New Hampshire __ I') {•) Within 5 years _ (^MNew Jersey __ _ l»^) X New Mexico (') (') - Within 2 years _ New York __ _ IM __.. (') X Children or other person. ^^

X. North Carolina (M (M . North Dakota ('] (M X Child or other relatives. Ohio. . (M - iM (14) Oklahoma _ _ . $30 per month including

assistance.

Within 5 years - Relatives if applicant is under

21 years of age.

Pennsylvania Real property

$5,000.

I'S)

$1,200 per year including assistance.

('5)

Husband, wife, child, father, mother, grandparent, or grandchild.

(See appendix B.

)

X.

Rhode Island

South Carolina (M (M

South Dakota IM (') WUhin 2 years . Tennessee ^ {) (•) ._ Within 2 years . Texas (>) $30 per month including assistance.

(').. - --

Spouse, parent, or child.

Utah (M X (M (') . _ .. - X - Virginia _ (') $30 per month including

assistance.

$900 per year

Within 5 years _ (16j

Washington

See footnotes at end of table. 138640 0—39 9
114 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

lable J4.— Need Qualifications for Blind Assi stance—Conti nued

State Limitations

on property

Limitations on income

Applicant must

not have disposed

of property to qualify

Applicant has no person liable

and able to support him

West Virginia — (M (M X X.

$730 per year including

assistance. IM

Relatives.

(M - X

Alaska

District of Columbia. (M (M . Spouse, father, child, or grand-

(M (M X

child. Spouse, child, or parent.

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given btate.

'Applicant is ineligible if he has property or income in excess of amount needed for reasonable subsistence compatible with decency and health. ^Income from the following sources not exceeding an annual average of $33.33 per month is not considered:

income from applicant's labor; the value of foodstuffs produced by the applicant or his family for his use

or for that of his family; the value of firewood and/or water produced on the premises of the applicant or

given to him by another for the applicant's use; the value of gifts other than regular contributions by

relatives legally responsible; the value of the use and occupancy of premises owned and occupied by the

applicant; the net income of real and personal property owned by the applicant.

'Applicant is ineligible if he has spouse, parent, or adult child residing within the State.

*$60 per month including assistance it recipient has dependents. ^$1,000 per year tor recipient and spouse. 'Applicant unable to earn more than $4CX) per year.

''Applicant is ineligible if living with sighted spouse who has an interest in property in the value of

$5,000 or more. 'Applicant is ineligible if living with sighted spouse who receives $600 per annum or more from any source.

'Income trom nonrevenue producing property computed at 5 percent of net value. No deduction may be made

because property is a homestead or otherwise exempt from legal processes, but contributions and assistance

from public or private charities are not included in the computation.

'"Father, mother, or child of any recipient must reimburse the board if they have sufficient financial

ability. "Cost of assistance recoverable in action ot debt by State Department of Public Welfare from father,

mother, stepfather, stepmother, son, or daughter, jointly or severally, if able to provide.

'''Applicant is unable to earn sufficient money to provide for the necessities of life and, if not relieved,

would become a public charge. "Public welfare officials must aid and grant emergency relief pending investigation of application ot

any wholly or partially blind destitute person. '"Applicant, unless relieved, would become a public charge or a charge upon those not required by law to

support him. '^Applicant must be needy. '«The local board may proceed against any person legally liable and financially able and cause htm to

support applicant or recipient.
BASIC TABLES • 115

Table i5. —Types of Ai d Recei ved or Needed Which Disqualify AppI i cants for 81 i nd Assistance

See footnotes on following page.

Assistance' Institutional aid

State Other public assistance

Old age assistance

Public or private

institution

Public institution

In need of continuing

institutional

care

Alabama _ X x" X

' Arizona . _ X_._ X X. Arkansas .___ _._._ X X* California x.__ X* Colorado- . X" X. Connecticut X Delaware

Florida:

State .._ X X Local _ (') Georgia X X Idaho X

X Illinois

Indiana x__

Iowa __ XX.

Kentucky _ _ — _ (8) X

Jf" X Maine — __ _ . _ X x»_

X Maryland - _ X Massachusetts - __ Michigan ._ _. Minnesota i' X X

Mississippi __ X x»

X Missouri Montana __ _ x'" x« X Nebraska, , _ . x» __ x" X. Nevada. _. - ._ X -__ New Hampshire __ . X . X (12) New Mexico _- X X' New York _ X'o x" X."

X. North Carolina . x'° X North Dakota _ X'5 x' Ohio X Oklahoma _____ X Oregon _ x»- _ x° X.

(18)

Rhode Island (See appendix B. ) __ x"__

South Carolina

X __ X Tennessee __ _- __ - X (18) x^ x_ . X Utah X x» Vermont __ _ __ _ x_ __ x" Virginia x«_ _ X'—-

X _ X West Virginia - ('») (^°)_ ___

X-__

X

x»

X _

X X

(^')

x«.__ __

X ___ x"_

Hawaii __ _ __ X X'
116 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

'Many State laws render ineligible for blind assistance persons who are receiving any other type of public

assistance, while many other State laws specifically disqualify only recipients of old age assistance. The

latter type of provision has been enacted because of the provision in the, Federal Social Security Act which

prevents the granting of Federal aid to blind persons who are receiving old age assistance under a State

plan approved by the Social Security Board and for which Federal grants are being made. ^Applicant is disqualified if he is an inmate of a private institution not approved by the State board.

'Such care must be reasonably available. ^Institution supported in whole or in part by public funds. ^Except 30 days in a public hospital or employment (without board and room) in a shop maintained by the

State. "Except temporary medical and surgical assistance.

'Belief is granted in place of all other relief of a public nature to which a husband and wife or either

of them might be entitled as a blind person. ^Applicant's earnings, together with any pension received from the United States, State, or foreign government, must not exceed $400. 'An inmate may make application for assistance; but, if granted, assistance must not begin until after he

ceases to be an inmate. "Applicant must not be receiving old age assistance or aid to dependent children. "Applicant is disqualified if he is an inmate of any prison, jail, or State institution for the blind or

the insane. '^Applicant was physically or mentally incapacitated prior to loss of sight.

''Applicant is disqualified if he is an inmate of a private institution to which an admission fee has been

paid or a transfer of property has been made. ''Other than care in a private home for the blind to which payment of board is required.

'^Temporary medical aid, surgical assistance, or vocational training are excepted. "Applicant is disqualified if he is an inmate of any public reform or correctional institution. "Blind assistance is not granted if person is eligible for old age assistance. '^AppUcant is disqualified if he is an inmate of any public or private institution, except private institution approved by the Department of Institutions and Public Welfare. An inmate may make application

for assistance; but, if granted, assistance must not begin until after he ceases to be an inmate.

'^No other public aid, except temporary medical or surgical care, is granted without approval of the county

council.

^°The State summer school for the blind is excepted. ^'Applicant is disqualified if he is receiving educational aid. ^^Institution supported in whole or in part by public funds. An inmate may make application for assistance;

but if granted, assistance must not begin until after he ceases to be an inmate.
BASIC TABLES • 117

Jaote 16. —Provisions for Recovery From Recipients and Their Estates for Blind Assistance

Granted

State

For total amount of assistance

Exemptions

Alabama (M

Arkansas - _ _ 1^)-

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware ,, .

x^'

X'

Realty of recipient while occupied by surviving spouse. Administration expenses, including probate fees and taxes, and $100 for expense of last illness and funeral.

Florida:

State

Local

X Claim waived if, upon death of recipient, widowor minor children are likely to become public charges.

Georgia X

X

Funeral expenses of $75, adm'inistration expenses, and realty of recipient while occupied by surviving spouse or dependent. No claim for recovery may be enforced against any property of Confederate veterans or their widows who are receiving or are entitled to receive a pension.

Funeral expenses of $100, administration expenses, and realty while occupied

by surviving spouse or dependent. Illinois _

X''

y?

Realty of recipient while occupied by surviving spouse, or real or per- sonal property if recipient has a dependent child or children surviving.

Iowa Expense of burial and last illness.

Kentucky

•

Louisiana _

Maryland x= Funeral expenses and realty occupied by surviving spouse or dependents.

Minnesota

Mississippi _„ _

x=

1^)

1^)

(=)

X

Montana Nebraska _ _ Realty of recipient while occupied by a surviving spouse or by a child of the recipient or surviving spouse who has been dependent upon recipient or surviving spouse for more than 1 year prior todeath. Personal effects

or household goods owned by recipient or spouse. Real estate owned by Indian tribe residing in the State.

New Hampshire New Jersey

1")

New Mexico

New York _._

North Carolina

x=X.-

(=) !

Realty of recipient while occupied by surviving spouse or dependent.

Funeral expenses and realty of recipient while occupied ty surviving spouse

or dependent.

Ohio Oklahoma (')

x=

(')

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee _ _

x'._

{')

X2

Funeral expenses not to exceed $100 and realty of recipient while occupied

by surviving spouse.

Funeral expenses not to exceed $100, administration expenses, and realty

Texas _ _ _

of recipient while occupied by surviving spouse or dependent child.

See footnotes at end of table.
118 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Table IS. —Provisions for Recovery From Recipients and Their Estates for Blind Assistance

Granted —Conti nued

State

For total amount of assistance

Exemptions

Qtah Vermont

x=

X Realty of surviving spouse if such spouse is not 15 years younger than recipient and does not remarry, household furniture, and wearing apparel.

Washington

West Virginia

(') x__ —— Real property SI, 500. personal property $200. Real property of surviving

spouse except real property of widcw who remarries.

District of Columbia _ X'O

X

All property until death of surviving spouse.

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

'Amount of assistance granted is recoverable as a debt if applicant failed to disclose possession of property or income which would have affected amount of assistance or made recipient ineligible. ^Assistance paid alter recipient has come into possession of property or income in excess of his need is recoverable as a debt due the State.

'An agreement constituting a lien on any interest in real property must be made transferring it to the Commissioner of Welfare. Transfer of life insurance or bank account may be required before assistance is

granted. Recipient or surviving spouse may be permitted to occupy realty transferred. Interest at 4 percent per annum is charged on amount of assistance granted and recovered. Double amount of assistance is recoverable for misrepresentation.

'Applicant must execute agreement to reimburse State. Applicant must assign as collateral security for

reimbursement such part of his personal property as the county department requires. Interest at 3 percent

per annum is charged on amount of assistance granted and recovered. Double amount of assistance is re- coverable for misrepresentation. County department may, with the consent of the State Department of Public

Welfare, require applicant to dispose of property or transfer it to them. ^Applies only to assistance granted after recipient reaches the age of 65 years. °Cost of assistance recoverable in action of debt by the State Department of Public Welfare from father,

mother, stepfather, stepmother, son, or daughter, jointly or severally, if able to provide

'Any assistance received in excess of the amount to which the recipient is entitled by reason of misrepresentation or concealment of facts is recoverable as a debt due the State which has a first and paramount

lien upon all the assets and effects of the recipient to secure repayment.

"Real and personal property of any indigent person shall be liable for the expenses of his support, maintenance, assistance, and burial. Any judgment shall be a lien upon the realty. ^Any assistance improperly granted is recoverable as a debt due the State. '"Interest at 3 percent per annum is charged on amount of assistance granted and recovered. Upon sufficient

cause, the board may demand assignment of recipient's property after first grant of aid.
BASIC TABLES • 119

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120 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

«> a ^ s

|.2

1 °

en •op

s

(0 COs State

contribution

based

on

amount

of

funds

available.

Funds

prorated

among

the

counties.

1

OJ

nJ CO

O

PO

t-i a

JDU

mo

i-o

in

ni paState

reimburses

county

for

30

percent

of

expenditure

less

cost

of

administration.

State

reimburses

parish

for

75

percent

of

ministrative

costs."

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

State

pays

50

percent

of

local

expenses.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

County

reimburses

State

for

1&%

percent

of

amount

expended.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

State

disburses

funds

to

counties

in

the

ratio

of

the

population

of

each

county

to

the

total

population

of

the

State.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals^^

-_

State

reimburses

county

for

total

amount

of

aid

granted

to

persons

not

having

settlement

in

county.

O tna

<u o

(J ft S £

a (d

p

a

o

25

percent

(parish)

.

50

percent

(city

of

Baltimorel.

X

(town)

__

ao

70

percent

.

50

percent. 16^

percent. X X X x_

_

CO 30

percent. 75

percent." X

50

percent. X X

83)S

percent

.

X X

Governmental

unit

determining

amount

of

individual

grant (-o

in

County

--

County

_.

State

.__

a

County

--

County

--

Parish

__

State

--.

County

'^

.

State

---

State

—

-

County

--

State

---

County

-~

State

__.

County

__

State'^

.

County

_.

Provision

for

removal

of

disability

(1°)

Temporary

asSupplementary

services.^

Operation

to

restore

vision.

Supplementary

services.

Temporary

assistance. 1

year

's

assistance.

Ii

:111i i s ! s i « 1 11111 1 *» ' 1 '

Minimum allowance

(per

month

unless otherwise specified)

$300

per

year.

$15

Max

imum

allowance

(per

month

unless otherwise specified)

$250

per

year.

$30 $30 $30

$300

per

year.

$30 $30

$600

per

year. $480

per

year.

C

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

(See

appen<ll.ic

B.)

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

_

Michigan

Minnesota Mississippi

—

Missouri Montana

Nebraska

Nevada New

Hampshire

,

New

Jersey
BASIC TABLES • 121

s-s

U X) QJ "y a ^ 13 K fd o 8 8'S

o a. 0) a> rt o

C

-n

T3 > •* a <]) <l> 1h 1-o

F rt o

SH o

01

if- u a

o

ij

01

T3

"J5 o

N

e

1- B o 1-

Qj)

a

^ r: i

Oj o- (rt p O -n n1 1

TD o 1^ S E a

3

3

QJ n (rt V-

(11 oIfl n >. n1 u

(Tl fli n1 1' S o

s QD 5 o *-

" ^ <u m

,

(0 CO H-.

ii I-- ^J

S 12 E

nj nJ ^ .-'

a J

^ ^ -O >

a a •-'

-O .-H

i s S E & Oi Si 3 I-
122 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

oo

I

u t

.2 Z

I:

s

p

p

ZO

O

TJ

£ S

D, O

U

•a Q> P .c p •-'

tn -oa

P

0)

t-' «j 00

S-lo

ao

1-wa

o

If) rH

pa

State

reimburses

county

for

85

percent

of

amount

expended.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

State

reimburses

county

621^

percent

of

the

amount

expended

during

the

preceding

month

for

the

cost

of

assistance

and

administration

from

623^

percent

of

Federal

grant

for

assistance

and

State

funds.

2>7%

percent

of

Federal

grant

for

assistance

paid

to

the

several

counties

and

cities

on

the

basis

of

the

total

amount

disbursed

for

blind

assistance

by

such

counties

and

cities

during

the

period

for

which

such

grants

are

made.^^

Percentage

of

contribution

by

State

not

specified.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

State

funds

allocated

to

counties

in

proportion

to

number

of

cases

and

cost

of

living.

State

reimburses

county

for

80

percent

of

the

amount

expended.

State

makes

grants

tocounties

which

disburse

funds

to

individuals.

District

of

Columbia

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

Territory

reimburses

counties

forcost

of

assistance

and

administration.

t>5

£) O Ifl a

<u o

u p. a in

0) QJ T3 »-

1-1a fl3 u

P

a

^

QJ i^^ O

11^ 1 1 1 I 1 I 1

, 1 C- • 1 1 1 1 1 1 '

1 "^ a ] ; 1 1 1 1 I

\ , v 1 1 1 1 1 1

! > Si ! 1 : i : 1 ! •-' OJ 1 . 1 1 1

i i 5

'^

1 : 1 : 1 : ;

>5

g

oo 15

percent

.

37ii

percent

.

20

percent.

OJ

CO 85

percent.

6ffl

percent. X

80

percent. X

District of

Columbia

.

Territory.

Governmental

unit

determining

amount

of

individual

grant o

•a:

County

__

County

..

«3

County

or

district.

State

---

County

or

city. County

.-

State

---

County

--

State

--.

District of

Columbia.

County

__

Provision

for

removal

of

disability

<i3

$150*

$150 $100

Minimum allowance

(per

month

unless otherwise specified) ^ M 1 1 M M 1

Maximum allowance

(per

month

unless otherwise specified) III ! ' ^s 1

i 1 I

c

OJ

cd

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West

Virginia

_

Wisconsin

Wyoming Alaska

District

of

Columbia.

Hawaii

Bj -rt *-

m OJ

*- *^ E m
BASIC TABLES • 123

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<-. . p O K O

u O O a u

t a

^• *-•

t-* o

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u. 01 S, n1 W

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-a ->

Qi

tf) a <fl ^

10 QJ BO ^-^

CO ffl

t-i o -a J3 , o a E

> a; TD t-H O E

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tLO tfl fS C^

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a

O -O

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m O rt TD o E u- OJ

u ttJ 01 in

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:« 1 ri 3 Qi

1- o

<Li I- i;-3 rn f CJ N

5 2 6 "

s

o P ri 3

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Mi' ^ V 1^ CO »-l **-H

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GO (fl

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O (0 ^ J-

Aid to Dependent Children in Their Own

Homes

125
126 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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a " «;

1- S ,1

i)

t- " x>

s s ° i^ s y 13 S.O - e^

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tfi - > 5 « m -' _

o a. 3 o fl] D

*j o tn "O o *J C 5 c t-r

4-> a

c= o

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BASIC TABLES • 127

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w

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m <u x> 0)

3 OJ 3 OJ

*-< V- O

i; n Oi i p o > O (-• (% t-> 3= o cc o o :* O —

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128 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 129

'

, ]

! ' !

I

' '

I I P

\ \

1 II 1 1 1 ! 1 1 g

1 ' 1 1 ! ! I 1 1

1 I ^

State

board

-

State

director

of

public

welfare.'^" X X

State

Board

of

CoDtrol.

State

board

-

Board

of

review

of

State

department.

'X X MX ]

] x: j X 1

Annually

—

SaniannuallyLocal

director

of

public

welfare

or

local

board

of

aid

to

dependent

children. County

public

assistance

council.

X) O >5 o

a d> H.t^ ^

u 1-: a O

o

T3

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depends

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Public

(J -iH O .-1 P J3 O 30) ri

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138640 O—39- -10
130 o STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 13I

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^ 5 s

s <- o 'Out-'

I U OJ tf)

I O t3 II -O 0) ^

. U I-- o

I o w a

) m w I—

'

M CM eg

rt tJ a o

[ft ii> a >- a E t-j

Pj -rt ifl *j *-< •-H 0. ^ <-• in ifi m :z: -« W tt] Cd E " w n

w « to to to

rt f-1 *j (L> rt '

41 (- £1 t--

+J t3 CUJ 0)

(/) en -a

oi CtH TM 1) w

Oj 0) VI ^ o

<D U O .i-i I- <l> <u <u >

cfl in (- i-i o

r^ O --H HH O.

" £ .

rt m O D-

(J <Lj « H t-

..-1 J3

p O t-- o

I O -' j:i .E (rt a 01

o o *-> . r- O =3

ID fi t-' u ^ -2 ^ s^

O)

n a" F .1^ H

t-> a

tJ i- 0'

OJ 0. tn zo t- 1- td rf

0) S

i 6

frj I- (n *-j (U O J3 D ^

(d ri -a c >> "O

0) (U rt >. 3 K ?, s c ^f

«J w QJ

-^ a rt

3

trt d- (fl

r-1 s

C£] rt (U Oj u

.,-( u -^
132 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

a

u

o

§

ni

o

o

CD E

Child

must

attend

school

regularly.

Aid

is

discontinued

if

mother

remarries.

Provision

of

suitable

home \^J- jl ^^M^ls"

m

m

a> *-> a «

<-> (d M u w a,

o

Mentally,

morally,

and

physically

fit.

physically

fit.

Proper

guardian

Mentally,

morally,

and

physically

fit.

a

rt 3

(M («)

Applicant,

1

year

_

Mother,

1

year

___

Mother,

2

years

__

01

Id

(') (')

—

Child

must

have

1

year's

residence,

or

if

child

was

born

in

State

within

year

preceding

application,

mother

must

have

resided

in

State

1

year.

Child

or

parents,

1

year

immediately

preceding

application

or

child

born

in

State.

(')

Child,

1

year,

or

born

in

State

within

year.

®

Applicant,

1

year

(')

-

-—

Applicant,

2

years

(')

Mother,

1

year

(')

-

(')

—

—

(')

-—

—

-

IDN

U

=3 Mother

is

citizen,

has

declared

intention,

or

is

a

widow

of

United

States

veteran.

has

filed

declaration

of

intention.

to *^

nJ

(M (M (M Any

person

caring

for

child

,

Widowed

mother

(')

Parents,

relatives,

or

guardians. Mother,

female

relative

within

2d

degree,

or

guardian.

(») (M

_

_-

CM

Mother

_

(2)

-

—

Mother

or

female

standing

in

loco

parentis.

Age in years

^ III 1 II 1 1 1 1 O 1 1 1 N 1

iD 'S:/ <S3 CD ^ ^ U> itOtOiO lUlDiD^O

Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware Florida:

State Local

Georgia Idaho

_

Illinois Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

_._

Kentucky

Louisiana
BASIC TABLES • 133

t-t m a a a

e 04 f a u ^ O -H

*___*__ Zl-'t- i i* ill- i-|W'*W 1

Fit

to

bring

up

children

_

Proper

guardian

Mentally,

morally,

and

physically

fit.

Mentally,

morally,

and

Mentally,

morally,

and

physically

fit.

Mentally,

morally,

and

physically

fit.

Mother,

1

year

—

Parent,

guardian,

or

other

person

having

legal

custody,

1

year.

Mother,

2

years

_.

Mother,

2

years

__

(20)

(') {") (') (') (') (')

Child,

1

year

or

born

of

mother

who

has

resided

in

State

1

year.

"

(=) (') (')

Mother

is

citizen

or

has

declared

intention.

Applicant

must

be

citizen

or

must

have

made

application.

Child

must

be

citizen

.

her her,

stepmother,

grandther,

sister,

stepsister,

auot.

ent,

guardian,

or

other

rson

having

legal

custody.

her her her

or

female

standing

in

CO

parentis.

) — ^ c ^ IE s:

vo y3 'O ID CD tD
134 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

uo

«H

aO

rto

(-. Oj O

o

1)a

dju

iz:

Provision

of

suitable

home i icJ IN 1 yi i 1 i

in

IDu ^

a a

.-' a

g s- o

t-. o Suitability

determined

by

rules

of

Stale

department.

Must

be

proper

person

to

care

for

child.

Mentally,

morally,

and

physically

fit.

Fit

and

proper

person

for

care

and

custody

of

child.

Must

be

a

fit

and

proper

person

to

have

care,

control,

and

custody

of

the

child.

Proper

person

to

care

for

child.

0)c

If)

o

Mother,

2

years

._

Child

has

legal

se

1

1

le

ment

in

county;

may

be

waived

by

Slate

department

if

child

resided

in

State

1

year.

0)

1') ei (') (') (')

—

(')

-

Parent,

1

year'

CI C)

-

—

for

1

year

immediately

preceding

filing

of

petition.

Applicant,

1

year

Ifi

'Jl

13

Child

must

be

citizen

_

Applicant

is

citizen

or

of

intention.

^: o

^ art

(==1 CI CI (=1

—

-

Mother (^) {"] (==1 (^1

—

-

(^1 1^1

—

-

Mother

or

female

standing

in

loco

parentis.

Mother

or

guardian

("1

-

—

Ill ' '

I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 u2 ' III 1 "" 1 '

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ej w ^ \0 ^ iD(iJ'£l^'ri'£ilDy3'0'£U3 ^^ ^ S

S3

Oregon

Pennsylvania

..

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

__

South

Dakota

Tennessee

Texas:

State Local

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West

Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

__

_

Alaska

_

District

of

Columbia.

Hawaii
BASIC TABLES • 135

s

1-. tin V)

t-< V >> u 0)

(1> 0) o £1

1-S^ U P

bD 3 t^ o

3 cfl cvj pj a'

[-.•-' a a flj «-

4i 'H nj O rt

in Ol n1 ^ o

01 Q)a u •-> u

Ui F *-• i»

<i» fl) 1^O

O

r. u h

Pifi 11 JD u •-> 01

01 «-(-• o o

•-• V) (i >4H 1-

a (ft tfi

XIl "M

&

^

>. ^

1-

nJ

«-> >. T) en «-" - OJ >» J ffl CO O --t

- Q l/i

ex E OJ j3 U

4) 01 m (t) a

X> .-I 3 & !> O O. dJ (J -'

i-i 3 t-i n V)

•o I-. — (/I ^ V) k •-< H -a ei

.~i Td -Kj

>^ rt rt (11 •n

-o m

-«

in -n a

3

3

QJ *-* n

rf n

E rt n rt

O 1- to (/)

o o -a -a

(-. -D 0) s

^j tj a j=

& .-H <u -o T? u. .-< a «i E a 11 o e

o rt (i> CO 01 oj

a ^ (fl- oi o; 3 —

I

<fl "O "5 .t: <- u u nj -rt -r^ M <D -~' Z <u a a -= [04-j'QnET3 (fl OJM-i c u («ra—'wOJ<-''aOO tn *-* 1^ (iH 01 -* fO J::

g^ -

rU QJCu—hXEO 3 (U NO' t-J a B X) < 3 -rH rt -a C O -.H

o E a Oj a

OJ OJ OJ

\:^ ° S S:

D l- -O (fl

"= E

*-• n

d 01

O 01

lU (-• 3 a -c o a- -o E

3 3 t- "- 3 -= 0) O O

- -H oj a tfi tj S -a o 3

w t3 «3

; n-i OJ O 01 -1

.-' Cu -C OJ u !/) ti 3 *-

01 Dj -• O. O OJ O D. 3 I -a p. CI4 o ^

I J= CO O Ci -rt J3

o> QJ o <-' OJ >4

Oj t3 m "w

CO *-> 01 a 0)

O tL> T3 01 OJ i3

0) *-• 01 e t-> 01

O n3 01 01

O CU 3 O

Oi n 1-. <M M

tJ, 3 u J 1-> n i-j 3

no u jD u

0) 0> i ^

'^

0. £1

• a- ^ o

3 u

OJ o & 3 01

U U CO "O

3 Id OJ *- >, 01 CO a. o

I- O t3 to t- (13 '

01 nj o O -

QJ .-I (D O tn <-

. .rt o —

<

> I- -3 00.0 I-. D. 01 -=

w-1 --1 L, O 01 o o o -o •-* >

en -O •-' O I

T3 (fl 3

0) Oj 3
136 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

o

o.

=3

o

If! 4-> aV

u

BJ&

o

fj

i-l

a

o

i

u

Id 1

o

o

OJ

-o

-o

Si 3:

1.2

(0

^ 3

a

D-, 'ill X 1 1 1 1 1 1 'i 1 1 1 I 1

t^ a o o

H

0; ^

State

or

Federal

hospital.^ State

instiPhysi- cal

or

mental inca- pacity of father

1 'i ! X 'i I I i' X 11^ III 1

Mother

unmar- ried

Continued absence of father Child aban- doned.

X^_____

Mother divorced 'II 1 II 1 l«^ I 1 1 1 I 1 I III 1 1 1 I 1 X 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 a

u aj

0) if)

^-> 0) rt o

fa OJ

i M ^|I M 1 M M M M 111 ti o •- I 1 I I "EO ' 111 I ' I I

, ,"5 ,, .tD| III fa 1 X 1 1 X 1 1 X . X , 1

Death,

continued absence

from

home,

or

physical

or

mental

incapacity

of

a

parent xxx 1 xl X llxxj xslx !

No

relatives

legally

liable

and

able

to

support

child

1 X 1 I X 'i 1 ! ! X X ; X ; 1 ;

Aid

neces- sary to pre- serve home

' ' ' ' II 1 I

' 11^ III ®~"

Applicant

must

not

have

disposed

of

property

to

quali- fy

i^ithin

2

years. Within

2

years.

a

iHco

a

O

nj

e

1-4

Sufficient

income

or

resources

for

reasonable

subsistence.

Child

receives

support

of

$25

per

month

or

more.

1^1

Sufficient

income

Sufficient

income

or

resources

to

provide

reasonable

subsistence.

L'

01

£

C3O

COc

o

td vJE

Not

more

than

$500

real

and

personal

property

or

equity

of

over

$2,000

in

real

sides. {')-

-

$1,000

exclusive

of

household

goods.

41

td

Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

.

Florida:

State Local

Georgia Idaho

Illinois

_.__

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky
BASIC TABLES • 137

'''' 1 I

'> 1 II 1 ** I '^ I "l 1 I I

i' 1 I 1 ^ I 11 1 ^ II ! "^ I " I I I 1 I

Has

physical

illness

requiring

prolonged

treatment

.

1'..

; 1 I I X 1 II 1 >< 1 i i ">< !

i 1 i i i !

I 1 ^ I ^ I 1

', 1 ^ 11 ; I', ^ I 1 1 i 1

X X 1

year!'.

1 1 1 1 X ; 1 ; \ ^ I ! 1 1 I X !

1 ; 1 1

I I ; 1 X 1 1 ; 1 X ; ; ; x ; 1 I I

1 1 I

xxxxi; ^ \ xi xi \ ;; x \ xj >-]>«ixx;>«!x

1 I 1 1 I ! 1 ! 1 to -o ! ' ] (0 0) « 'I I I 1 I 1 .11 11 1 s ^ ^ : 1 : s^-. : 1:11: 1

; ; 1

', 11 ; r - j; i

. 1 -^^ " | 1 1 : : : : 1 —! — ' ! rtt^M' — c3 -5 — 111 1

1 1 1 1 1 I 1

' ' 1 '1 ' 1 1 ° 1 1 1' 1

1 ]

] X 1

; ] 1 1 ^ 1 X [

1 ; —^ I I X 1

;

1 I 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 1 1 11 1 I ^ 1 1 I I II

Mother

has

sufficient

income

to

properly

care

for

offspring. Sufficient

income

or

resources

for

reasonable

subsistence.

Mother

has

sufficient

means

to

support

child

and

maintain

home.

Sufficient

income

or

other

subsistence.

Adequate

means

of

support

.

Sufficient

income

or

other

resources.

(^)

$300

exclusive

of

clothing,

furniture,

tools,

and

domestic

animals.

^*

$500

cash

or

negotiable

seof

property.

Real

or

personal

property

of

$2,000

value

owned

by

mother,

household

goods

excepted.

(^)

liana Land

ichusetts

—

gan

isota issippi

ana

iginal

pplementary

.

Ja

lampshire

—

fersey

Mexico

Ifork 1

Carolina

-_

h

Dakota

homa on J O ffl .-I rH a) E z: s:
138 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

3

t-J Uro

p<

o

a

OJu

mc

O

>» rt

• iH X3

fOa

.I^

O

3

a

o

oo

(D3

0) 3

a

£ 3 ><

For

1

year.

t-t a

o o

ft 3

a a

i i i ; i i i i ! i i i i i i

Physi- cal

or

mental inca- pacity of father 1

Like- ly

to

con- fer 1

year. X

Mother

unmar- ried III! I 1 1 1 I 1 1 X 111 1

Continued absence of father III!! I "^ ! I ! 1 I a* ' 111 1 '.I-. W III 1 "3 1 1 '- III 1 Qj a III 1 >. ^ 1 1

1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ^ 1 1 X 1 ! I I

! w I 1 1 ; 1 ^ III ,

Mother di- vorced X

1

yearT3

oj in ^ «3 ^ <i> fo CD -O X ! I ! !

1 X ! I !

', 1 X III !

Death,

continued absence

from

home,

or

physical

or

mental

incapacity

of

a

parent ]XXXX ><;J><;xx;x!X x x|'i X

No

relatives

legally

liable

and

able

to

support

child —'IIXX ><5]x[ — \ X I ^11 X

Aid

neces- sary to pre- serve home

I 1 X 'i 1 1 1 1 X >^ I 1 1 III 1

Applicant

must

not

have

disposed

of

property

to

quali- fy

1 'i ! I I I 1 ! I ! 1 1 I X ! ', X

u

a

a

o

ao

E

{')

—

—

-

-

l^^)

Sufficient

resources

to

provide

reasonable

sub-

(2«) m

sources

to

provide

care

and

support.

OJ(^o&

ao

in3O

•i-l *-> k3 J

<-tE

-i-i {']

_

Homestead

excepted

if

maintenance

Islessthan

rent.

{')

Sufficient

for

reasonable

income.

lU

CO Pennsylvania

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

--

South

Dakota

Tennessee

Texas:

State Local

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West

Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska

District

of

Columbia,

Hawaii
BASIC TABLES • 139

a u 5 U

Ch •-I -a u

nj p, 3 VJ OJ O

' ^ * -^

o *-> <u

nJ &) ft -oa O 3

O (0

H rs 0) nj (D

>>

r-t

r-^ 4J *-• rH

-1

n) n) n rt

QJ (I) o 1- VJ o J3

-H 01 J: 3

a O ui u. . ft iH a> -cJ I- m

rt (u (/) a o >

•O OJ 0) .

tfi o t-i a> (-1 p oj -o a a O -H a Qj

4-> 4-> U (U >» I-. (-. E V-.

nj ft ft (h oj i4) --' -a ^

j3 ft a O a -M , >, .r^ Oh-'-^ *j td *J ,

•-t a> CO tf] ii e u nJ o -u j3 u Qj e » 3 O tn a a t-j

tin *Ju

>> o

qj 0) O O

O u e E n] ft <U

O l-> U •-• I- (-

t- .- ? 5 o o o

o « o o

E .-H .-( ly

1> ^ l- "O

v <a a a>

t>3 -r-l O

-I -^ ^

nJ a; ft t-

•J a 4j tn xJ

O o u o a ft a. a i« 01

at fO o t- ft ft

ft 4) a T3

i>j t-> f

O QJ «J li -rH 1

Ih O; a> <-•

QJ U i^ nj a ft n o --• a

nj X) O u O

« QJ > -> ft J3 ft (/I tH t-J

) « "-H E O

i,« N 10 to

QJ *-> (13 -a

U W "3 I QJ

dj .-H u to M ' ^ u

j=: QJ 0) in t^ 3 j= ^ .^ 1-. *-> =) in o f a o <-• « tH

1-. .-HO

o . H .2

^j -O OJ VQJ 1-1 -O O

(i> m o

l- iJ n1 W >

ft QJ ft ft n n

--I3

1-. a -H

.-t H O H (J

w 1-. 13 w

nJ VI c nJ

- a ? « -o n <u f^ ^ Q) -3 o m t. f)

0)

Tl a

Oi O

m

OJ

I i-i a

-O O O QJ .

O O J3 J3

O rJ n] Id T3 ft S H e QO O ft

tn QJ -rf O 3 QJ

Qj -M <M E

4-- C ft O

3 ffi QJ U

QJ *-• UJ m 1

QJ u (/I OJ ' H O QJ >-l r-l p. I—< a tf] X) O H ,

>> (/) en rf o

QJ J3 e -o

[tf -rH U ->H a (-> QJ lu X) i-" <-> o c u a

iH rt c u) o tn (d

> f-( O lU ^ „?=:?= 3=

T) •-• t< a

ft --' tf) u. E

« o a tfi

QJ 3 0) •-• rf tn

"1 n oj 3 QJ ^

M «-. JD QJ

QJ a o rt -o c tf)ii-rfO-T3n)i-.ooaj

Vt [.. -i-< -o *-• r1 3 ji: -H ^ t3 li4 oj - -a: Q- m OlO <D .-1 1- 5.^

<J W J3
140 o STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

So^

^«' {/} O t- •M

*-. l- (-, (d rt O

O c/3

• 8 ;

4_,

1 (D Tl 0) ^ e

<D

«1 a a

J3 Qi rn m

^, itJ OJ fl) 1> SP u a

§ -

.5 *- e o i-- s-e c S o 1-. O

1- 3 E

*-'

-H -a i-> ^ "

o j2

,5 <u -'

*j o ^ 0) -o

a

U4 ni

c:> >

CO Hi & o

3 o

9, .1^ -n E c ^

Oi SH

1- u ^ n o K n>

n) o y J2 a> lO w oj u o a

Ck 4-- a

,2

— (A « —

•a *> ri -r-i S

•3
BASIC TABLES • 141

a «

State

reimburses

county

30

percent

of

expenditure

less

cost

of

administration.

State

reimburses

parish

66^

percent

of

cost

of

assistance

and

50

percent

of

administrative

costs.

^'

Municipalities

reimburse

State

50

percent

of

expenditure

to

each

child.

Slate

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

Allocation

of

amounts

prescribed

by

Board

of

State

Aid

and

Charities.

State

reimburses

town

for

33K

percent

of

amount

expended.

State

reimburses

county

for

65^

percent

of

total

expenditures.

Slate

disburses

funds

to

individuals

-

County

reimburses

State

for

50

percent

of

amount

expended

for

aid

after

share

of

Federal

Government

is

deducted.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

.

Stale

disburses

funds

tocounties

in

the

ratio

of

the

population

of

each

county

to

the

total

population

of

the

State.

33^

percent

(parish).

50

percent

(munici- palit

y

1

.

X

(Baltimore

City). 66^

percent

(town).^*

7

percent

.

33«

percent

.

X"

50

percent.

30

percent. 66S

percent.'^ 60

percent. X

33!S

percent

.

66%

percent

.

50

percent.

City,

town,

or

plantation.

li

(and 1

of

Tiore). rcity- y y

y"- y y y

<4-i a c4 N

a Ch ij

O I) O) O M (- (J ^ rt a r

^ " 2 o

OJ

i- a; S

•^ c .^ ^ ^

a a- E ri o

CO

CSJ --

O OJ 4) O

Oj CL>

ti9 y»

«9 «9
142 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Procedure

in

case

of

insufficiency

of

State

funds

p

o

p «

XI TD rt p

(- P

CO

.»-< flj

nl O KJ w o 1

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals^^.

State

reimburses

county

for

66%

percent

of

amount

expended,

but,

if

no

Federal

aid

is

available

or

child

is

cared

forby

person

other

than

a

relative,

the

State

must

reimburse

county

to

extent

of

50

percent

of

amount

expended.

^^

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

State

reimburses

county

for

50

percent

of

total

expenditures

approved

by

State

Department

of

Social

Weifare.^« ("^) C")

State

funds

apportioned

to

county

in

the

proportion

the

number

of

children

underlS

years

of

age

in

county

bears

to

the

total

number

in

State.

Individuals

paid

by

State

through

the

county

assistance

boards.

Upon

the

submission

of

budgets

by

the

county

boards,

the

State

department

allocates

to

the

counties

State

funds

for

assistance

and

administrative

costs

on

the

basis

of

need.

State

reimburses

city

or

town

for

66S

percei.t

of

the

amount

expended

for

aid

and

cost

of

administration.'^

X)W

P

01 o

1

^

u

p

o3P

° 8 X

(townl

33?

percent.

PPO

>< X

33K

percent. 50

percent

.

50

percent.'" X

50

percent."

Oi

CO 66S

percent.^' X

50

percent. 50

percent.'" X

50

percent." 66^

percent.'^

Governmental

unit

determining

amount

of

individual

grant O

State

—

County County

.-1P

County State^'

—

County State^*... County

or

city. County State County State County County State

'~L a

« Hi

«1

$100

$50.

...

Amount

not

specified.

aa>

• iH

rH

01Oh« as

is

r-l ^

i w

•S.5i K a

1

u

0)

^ II II' ' Ml^ 1

,

; i

: i i s 1

1 ill i

p

O

^^ -a

1

$40

for

2

children;

$55

for

3

children.

Not

to

exceed

cost

of

care

in

approved

child-caring

institution.

(') $12

$12^" (M $12

Extent

of

aid

fixed

byState

Board

of

Public

Assistance.

a

e

$25 Not

to

exceed

cost

of

care

in

approved

child-caring

institution.

(') $18

$18^" (') $18 (»)

Extent

of

aid

fixed

byState

Board

of

Public

Assistance.

/5

New

Hampshire

—

New

Jersey

New

Mexico

New

York

North

Carolina

_

North

Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode

IsUnd
BASIC TABLES • 143

21

4> Jj m

o a y

1

1 1 1

1 1 0) 1 o ^ a> ) B !-• :49 ~j~

( 0) O 1

1- —

p to I 1 Ih (ft S.3

K

•3ap

'is

a

0) s

o o

ft 3

p

p

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o 1

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top

D (» « W CO p

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o to > a ^ rt

B

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03

rt 10 «- u t^ OJ p o fo o fe" i

1-. v 5^

T3>

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07

T3 8

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p iu

> 3

o

v-i u

01ft o

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OlftK

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*-•

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a

wa

a

a

V

•op

o

to

I* ft

p

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e

p

to

P

O

u

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toa

B

2

OJ T)

01

0)

CO

(0

dJ

0)

po

01

12P

10>.

£1P

01

t

0)

to '5

p

T3

01

ClI

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p

01 0£p

>i 0) *- -O p p P 0) O ft U K

1

a (A K p « P o T) q; o t-. ft 0) P

VI

a

0) qj o 0) o to (0 (t O

P

•a o to o o u p to > <0 p

i2P

.a

12 ». p a s

12Ps

CO e T3 0) 0) <y 01 li OJ •-> o 1

p

P

p

OJ

12P i

12 o o

e

T3P

"3

0" o

X3 toP = o

0)

o

p o

p

1—1 iiJ3 E 8

r. ^ p to -e rt E e OJ u o 0) o ^ ^

l-i a> nj 'qj e «j p o> o a o> o e p '^ p QD p *-! -rH °^ I-

,l_l I- -y e o 'i) u 1-. n) u p rf Ol to n) p •-' 8

Of V(

•o ^ o i.-2 (ft O OJ o u (U o p q; p p nJ o u

l- t- o

- " >i '-' <u >, p u 0> > H) ri ft to 01 ri fH p o u

OJ 0) • 1201 X3 Td O) u

ti

to rf s, o OJ •v ft OJ V- 0) 0) ti "•^

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w 0) "O

b: o o w a

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o> P nj •*-> u. 10 O) o QJ p rt ll a «3 OJ nJ P .-• fl] ,9 " £> o o -a ft o ft to «D «) ft to •o ri s 0) ft n] *-! o w CO o 00 o E- W eu CO CO CO

^

1 ~

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01

>>

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s. J, ^i

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1 ^ rH m X ID X

1 <D

v. to u<

1 tI 1- 1 OJ Ol OJ OJ 0> •

f=^ p o-S ft p

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*-> a p p

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din I- • (-1 O V o

to' ^ i

u t>l (0 1 > rr t- >. !>.

3 2 8

X CO "-J
144 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Procedure

in

case

of

insufficiency

of

State

funds

a

o

p <n

(-1 p H dJ

O CO

.2 °

CQ

Territory

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

District

of

Columbia

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

Territory

disburses

funds

to

individuals.

IH -r-l O W

<D O

u a

a «

•S £

1—' f

p

IH

1- c

CLP 3 ^1

aoo

CO

Territory

general

fund.

District of

Columbia.

TerritoryGovernmental

unit

determining

amount

of

individual

grant o

>

t3

njp

Terri

toryDistrict

of

Columbia.

County

T3

H) •H

'S

ft

CO

01 OJ ^ .2

rt o i

«

K a

t-> g

e

i0)a.

g

•s-s i

m to —

.

&9

-o

u

i

69 — -^

0)

JO

Alaska

District

of

Columbia. Hawaii

U 01

sh O

O (-.

OJ -o •

OJ <i: aj a flj N

X3 o o OJ -* rt "O

n Ph 4^

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a* m -a. o tJ 41

OJ tn o ci< o Qj *J -rt (J ^^ O 01

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t/: en p 01

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BASIC TABLES • 145

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138640 0—39 11

Dependent and Neglected Children

147
148 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Table 22.- -Characteristics of Dependent and Neglected Children Coming Within Jurisdi ct ion

of Juveni I e Courts

State

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas California

Colorado Connecticut

Delaware Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois Indiana IowaKansas Kentucky Louisiana

Maine Maryland Massachusetts

Michigan Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri Montana

Nebraska Nevada

New Ranipshire New Jersey New Mexico

New York North Carolina

North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma

Oregon Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota Tennessee

Texas

Utah Vermont Virginia

Washington

West Virginia Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska - —

District of Columbia . Hawaii

Age under which

court has jurisdiction

(in years)

Boys

16---

18 —

21 —

18_..

16>.. 18—-

17--- 16—.

18 —

17—.

16--. 18—.

16—,

17 —

18 —

(')- 20 —

16--

17--

18 -- 17 ._ 17-

16-

18-

18-

18-

16--

16-. 16-

16-.

18-.

18-. 16-

18-

16- 18-

16-

21-

17-

16-

18-

16-

18-

18-

16-

16-.

16..

18'.

Girls

1618

2121IS

16' —19

17

16la

18

17

18

1618

18

(') —

.

18

161718

17

17

161818

18

16

16

161618—-

18

1818

1618- —

16 - — a -—

.

17 --- 16--- 18—-

16--- 18---

18--- 18--- (*)-

16---

16-.. (=)-

18'-

Child destitute,

homeless, or dependent upon

the public

for support

X —

X —

XX-. XXX-- X1^.

X-.

X -

X-. X-

•X- X-X.

XX-X.

X-X.

x_

X.

X.

X.

Child abandoned or with improper parental care or guardianship or unfit environment or occupation

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.x.^

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.

X.X.

X.

X.

X.x.«

X.

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

ersons 16-18 years of age transferred to it from the jurisdiciJuvenile court also has jurisdiction of per

ion of a town, city, or police or borough

^In addition to these classes, children

ion of a town, city, or police or borough^court^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ confined in any penal institution or co«on

fail may be given more suitable treatment. ,. ., „„„„,

'The statute provides for aid to "any child" without setting age limits, except

(without relatives able to support them) must be under 16 years of agethat dependent children

iJ^g":ct:d"hUdr: un ^r^ll^; Irs Of a rind d: ^uie;; chlidren u^der 16 years of age are also included.

4he law do^s not specify any age limit but refers to "any child destitute or homeless.

^Includes children under 8 years of age found peddling.

.„H„„rt H„ii„„„»„ts

ludes children under 12 years of age who might otherwise be adjudged delinquents. 'Also inc Note

hbmeless, dependent upon the pub

or with unfit environment or occupation

E: n a n;i::;:d chUd;;n";r; those J^ildren under the =P-U^ed ages who are^estitute,

dLendent upon the public for support, abandoned, with improper parental care or guardianship.
BASIC TABLES • 149

Table 23. —Provisions for Instituting Proceedings, Investigations, and Hearings of Cases

of Dependent and Neglected Children by Juvenile Courts

State

Persons authorized

to institute proceedings

in cases of dependency or neglect

Investigation

By probation officer

or other

court

agent

By other

agencies^

Hearing

Be- fore

court

Before

referee

or court commissionRepresentation of child 's interests

at hearing

By probation officer

or other

court

agent

By other public

agency^

Alabama -

Arizona -

Arkansas —

California . Colorado —

Connecticut .

Delaware , Florida _.

Georgia _. Idaho Illinois , Indiana _.

Iowa

Kansas Kentucky .

Louisiana . Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts —

Michigan Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri Montana Nebraska

Nevada New Hampshire . New Jersey

New Mexico .

New York __.

North Carolina .

Any person having knowledge of a dependent or neglected child.

Any citizen who is a resident of the county. Any reputable resident of the county —

Any person within the county

Any county resident, officer of the Bureau of Child and Animal Protection or

other bureau, or the juvenile court. Parent, guardian, selectman, any official charged with the care of the poor, any prosecuting or probation officer,

the State Humane Society, or the Com- missioner of Welfare.*

Any reputable resident of the county

Any resident of the county, not under

legal disability, or any probation of- ficer.^

Any policeman or other officer

Any person

Any reputable resident of the county

Any person or county or district department of public welfare.

Any reputable citizen of the county

Any reputable resident of the county —

Board of Louisville and Jefferson County

Children's flome or any reputable resident of the county.

Any reputable person

An agent of the State Department of Health

and Welfare, a sheriff, county probation officer, police off icer, member of

a municipal board of child welfare, or

3 or more citizens of any town or city.

Any resident of a county, probation officer, or agent of a private society.

Any person

Any interested person

Agent of State Board of Control or State

Department of Labor and Industries, or any reputable resident of the county.

Any resident of the county

Any 2 citizens of the county®

Any resident of the county

Any refutable resident of the county

.Aay reputable resident of the county —

Any reputable person

Any person or any corporation or association having as one of its objects the prevention of cruelty to children.

District attorney for the "county

X X-.

X- —

X X--

X

X - X —

X...

X_„

X-.-

X.

X.

X.

Any person, authorized agency, or local welfare official.

Any person .

X---

X__.

X.

X.X.

X.

X.

X.

X —

I')

See footnotes at end of table.
150 o STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

fable 2?.— Provisions for Instituting Proceedings, Investigations, and Hearings of Cases

of Dependent and Neglected Children by Juvenile Courts—Continued

State

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon Pennsylvania —

Rhode Island

South Carolina —

South Dakota Tennessee

Texas

Utah Vermont

Virginia

Wasliington West Virginia .

Wisconsin .

Wyoming __. Alaska

District of Columbia.

Hawaii

Persons authorized

to institute proceedings

in cases of dependency or neglect

Any person

Any person

Any reputable resident of the county _--

District attorney

Any citizen who is a resident of the county.

Any person

Any person

Any resident of the State

Any reputable resident of the county —

Any resident of the county

Any person or peace officer

The commissioner of public welfare or any person having knowledge of a de- pendent or neglected child.

Any reputable person

Any person

The State Department of Public Assist- ance or any reputable person.

Any person

Any interested person

Any parent, guardian, school teacher, member of the school board, truant officer, or any other reliable person.

Any person may file complaint with the corporation counsel or his assistant.

Any person

Investigation

By pro- bation officer

or other

court

agent

Hearing

By other

agencies^

X--

X--

X —

X_-

Be- fore court

Before

referee

or court commis- sioner^

Representation of child's interests

at hearing

By pro- bation officer

or other

court

agent

X.-

X —

X..

X —

X —

X —

X —

X--- x.._

X —

X--- X_ —

X-.- X---

X —

X- —

X —

By other

public agency^

X —

X.._ X.—

(')-

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

•For names of agencies and their powSrs see table 26. ^Findings of the referee are subject to court approval.

'The court may appoint some suitable person to act in behalf of the child.

*The Commissioner of Welfare must present cases to the court when other authorities fail to do so. ^he sheriff institutes proceedings where there is no probation officer.

OAny reputable citizen of the county may file a verified petition in the interests of a neglected child.
BASIC TABLES • 151

laole 2i. —Types of Homes and Institutions to Wliich Dependent and Neglected Children May

Be Committed by Juvenile Courts

Slate

Child's

own home

Foster

home

Public instilutioE

or agency

Private

institution

or agency

X .__

X --

X

XXX-.-

X

X -

X

X

X

X

X

X

X' —

X --

X.

X.

X.

X.

X

X --

X.

X .-. -- --- X.

X -- X.

Florida X _._ _ XX—

-

X

XX

XX--_-

1^

X --

X.

X X X.

Idaho X X -- - X.

X X X.

X _ _ X.

X

X

X

X

X

X - .

X _ -- X. X _ _ X.

X X.

X X.

X X X.

X - X.

X X -- - X X.

X X X - X.

X X X - X.

X X X.

X --- X X X.

X X X X.

Nphraqk:^ X X -- X X. x.._ _ .. X X X.

X - X ___ _ X -- X.

X - -- X.

X X.

X _ X X X.

X X

X

X

X

X X.

X X - . X.

Ohio X X X.

X --- X.

X

X ---

X X.

X X -- X.

X X X.

X

X

X

X ---

X X.

X -- - X.

X --

X

X

XX _.

X X.

X -_..

X

X X.

X -_ _. X. X X.

X ___

X

X

X

X

X X.

X - X X.

X

X ---

X --

X - -- X.

Wisconsin X X.

X -. X.

X X. X

awaii X X -. X.

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

^The courts may not commit any dependent or neglected child to any institution or home used for the care, imprisonment, or reformation of delinquent children or adult criminals. ^Children may be committed only for hospitalization and special care.
152 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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154 © STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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156 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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158 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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160 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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of

a

probation

off

icer

or

agency

under

the

court's

supervision.

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be

appointed

by

county

juvenile

court.

Must

cooperate

with

all

juvenile

courts

in

the

State.

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162 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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of

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findings

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court.

May

make

complaints

concerning

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and

neglected

children.

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ion

services

to

courts

exercising

jurisdiction

over

minors.

Department

must

be

advised

by

the

court

of

all

complaints

filed

alleging

dependency

or

neglect

of

children.

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investigate

cases

involving

children

when

referred

to

them

by

the

probate

court

(juvenile

division).

01 M'OO'-a *i-i o ' icn

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176 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

fable 27.— Governmental Unit Responsible for Financing Specified Types of Care for Dependent and Neglected Children

State

Care in State institution

Care in local institution

Care by private agency

or institution "^

State Local State Local State Local

1 X . X - -- --- X.

X X X. X -..

X X X X _ X X.

X X

X —

X--- X.

X.

I X X

X X--- - --- X --- X.

X X X. X X.

X X X . X.

X .. X X X X X.

X . . X X.

X X X- X —

X.

X X X.

X X.

X X X X.

X X X. X X.

X X X.

X X X.

X ^ X X X.

X X... - X.

X X X.

X X X.

X X X - X. X . X.

X X - X.

X X.

New York X X X.

X ... - X X.

X X.

X - -- - X- X-- X.

X X - - -- X X - X.

X - - --- X.

X X X--- -- X.

X

X

X -- - X X. X--- -- X .- - - X.

X.

X X X.

X - - X X.

Utah X X

X

X.

X - X X.

X - X X. X X.

X - - XX

X.

X X X.

x^ X.

Alaska Territory _ District' _ Territory _

District^ _ X.

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

^Supplemented by Federal funds.
Veteran Relief

177

138640 0—39 13
178 » STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES o 179

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180 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

ao

o

1H

.—

[

O

01a

V

o

Veteran,

nurse,

or

deoendents

must

be

in

need

of

public

relief

or

care.

Veteran

and

his

dependents

must

be

needy.

Veteran

and

his

dependents

must

be

indigent

cind

without

adequate

means

of

procuring

the

necessities

of

life.^^

Veteran

must

be

sick,

disabled,

or

indigent. Veteran

and

dependents

must

be

worthy

and

dependent.

Veteran

or

dependents

must

be

disablec

or

indigent

and

unable

to

take

advantage

of

the

soldiers'

home.

Provisions

relating

to

receipt

of

other

aid

which

disqualify

applicants

Recipient

may

not

be

committed

Recipient

may

not

be

sent

to

an

almshouse

without

consent

of

organization,

O 0) 1 £

Army,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

Army,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

Amy,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

Armj',

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

Army

or

Navy

__

Army

or

Navy

__

(D

l-< OJ o a

• H 0)

.a s

OJ

Served

in

naval

or

military

War

with

Spain

or

World

War..

Civil

War

(Union

forces),

Indian

Campaign,^

^

Philippine

Any

war

Civil

War

(Union

forces),

War

with

Spain,

Pliilippine

Insurrection,

China

Relief

Expedition,

or

World

War.

Any

war

Civil

War

COO

to .-

o .2f

Veteran,

wife

or

widow,

dependent

children,

or

dependent

relative.

^"

Veteran,

parents,

wife

or

widow,

or

minor

Veteran,

widow,

or

dependent

children.

Veteran,

widow,

or

deVeteran

or

family

and

dependents.

Wife

or

widow

or

dependent

cliildren

and

family. Veteran,

wife

or

widow

.

Veteran

and

dependents

-

o

State,

1

year

immediately

preceding

New

York

City,

residence.

State,

1

year;

county,

6

months.

State,

3

months

State,

3

years

immediately

preceding

application.

State,

1

year

immediately

preceding

application.

New

Jersey

New

Mexico

New

York

North

Carolina"-

North

Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rliode

Island:

State Local

South

Carolina

._

South

Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

___

Utah

Vermont
BASIC TABLES • 181

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182 » STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 183

*-" IX O CO

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184 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

OJcm

bonds e

fishare

ties.

T3

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3 9 3

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in o

1)

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31 o 1 S i5 O
BASIC TABLES o 185

a a

O U)

State City

or

town

._

State State County County Town,

city,

or

village.

^0

Not

specified

Not

to

exceed

$4

per

week

per

family.

Direct

relief

Direct

relief

(amount

at

discretion

of

board). Support

and

help

Care

in

home

of

veteran.

Not

specified,

but

to

continue

not

longer

than

3

months

out

of

year.

Selectmen

of

town

or

gates

applicant

and

forwards

report

to

board. Report

made

of

each

case

by

committee

appointed

by

camp

of

Confederate

veterans,

if

in

existence,

or

by

county

circuit

court,

city

corporation,

or

hustings

court.

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare,

Division

of

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Relief.

Person

designated

by

town

council

or

board

of

aldermen.

Board

of

managers

of

State

Soldiers'

Home.

State

Board

to

Aid

InCounty

circuit

court,

city

hustings,

or

corporation

court

in

cooperation

with

county

or

city

board

of

pension

commissioners.

Veterans'

organization

of

applicant's

residence

representing

war

in

which

veteran

served.

Village

trustees,

town

board,

or

common

council

or

county

board

of

trustees

if

veteran

has

no

legal

residence

in

town,

city,

or

village.

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare,

Division

of

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Relief.

Person

designated

by

town

council

or

board

of

aldermen.

Board

of

managers

of

State

Soldiers'

Home.

State

Board

to

Aid

InCounty

circuit

court,

city

hustings,

or

corporation

court

in

cooperation

with

county

or

city

board

of

pension

commissioners.

Veterans'

organization

of

applicant's

residence

representing

war

in

which

veteran

served.

Village

trustees,

town

board,

or

common

council

or

county

board

of

trustees

if

veteran

has

no

legal

residence

in

town,

city,

or

village.

e:o!o1IIx =: s is

»

Island:

te al

Carolina

__

Dakota

ssee 3nt nia

ngton

Virginia

nsin:

iporary

aid

.
185 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

u^ O <U O yi nJ i-H

O -rt u o

1' di -o •-> I

O IJ l- E

tfi rt u o

en oj 3 o

•a f-H rt a

Qj o tn

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jz: « !/) I- --H

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a t^ a -1-1

J .:r rf ao

O) J=i QJ "O

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O '-< oj a. -o *-"

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<L) &> 3

t: 1) o +J

n3 j= t- .,-1

l-" CI. 3 >i

tn QJ c/1 «

t-< gj >-<

•^ OJ £

O QJ 4-1

rn OJ o

n rf u

:?-.

>.

a.' t

rn -r rn c -a: >> o M

o

ff^ o

O

u rr\ d -^ -a: v & tn n) ni O «

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fl) in pj a u L-i M O 11) ^

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r^ a •M U > (0

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N w u 'J J-i UJ
BASIC TABLES • 187

1

u

o

nJ

a>

Limit

of

$5,000

on

property

and

$1,200

on

annual

income.

Veteran

must

be

indigent

or

incapacitated

for

performance

of

manual

labor.

^

Indigent

mother,

na^

unmarried,

also

eligible.

$500

limit

on

property

(homestead

exemption)

and

$250

limit

on

annual

income.

Disabled

veteran

must

have

served

at

least

1

year

or

have

been

in

active

service

at

the

close

of

the

war.

Provisions

relating

to

receipt

of

other

aid

which

disqualify

applicants

No

inmate

of

the

State

Confederate

Home

is

entitled

to

draw

a

pension

but

may

be

given

an

allowance

not

to

exceed

$5

per

month.

Recipient

may

not

receive

a

pension

from

any

other

State

or

be

confined

in

any

institut

ion

except

the

heme

for

Confederate

veterans

unless

pens

ioner

has

wife

or

minor

child

dependent

upon

him

for

support.

O dj

pa Army

or

Navy_

Army

or

Navy.

Army

or

Navy,

Army,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

01

rH

to lu a

rH 01 ^ l-

.-, s

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces)

.

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces)

.

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces)

.

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces

)

.

BO

O "So

tn >-' O

Veteran

or

wife

or

widow.

Veteran

,

widow,

or

mother.

Veteran

orwidowVeteran

orwidow

-

(-1

QJ

State,

veteraVs'

years

dr

widow

3

years.

Applicant

must

bebonafide

citizen

of

State.

State,

1

year

immediately

preceding

application.

State,

citizen

8

years

immediately

preceding

application,^

State,

resident

on

January

1,

1920,

ortnember

of

State

regiment.

Applicant

must

be

resident

citizen.

rt zn

Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho

Illinois Indiana

Iowa

Kansas
188 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

d) Q - 3 I OJ ,_, -,

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ri3 J2 >
BASIC TABLES • 189

ifl <-• -o -a V- [0 c: c: <u O

QJ (LI rt •-^ "M

O (1> O Qi> 01 ^ .^

fe a. 1-1 to c 1H

nj lit X 10 -O OJ s

5 E o

CO I-. OI <Li a01 5

>. fl» 0) £3 Q

tj w (rt a o o £> Tl

•s o c in VH c

u

(U o s. o1-4 01 in

OJ a

; MH (fl nj (Li T)

^ t

a <d

2 =

Recipient

may

not

receive

or

be

entitled

to

receive

benefit

from

any

retirement

system

towhichState

contributes. Applicant

must

not

be

inmate

of

the

Confederate

Soldiers'

Home,

asylum,

or

county

home

nor

be

receiving

State

aid

for

relief

of

blind

or

maimed

soldiers.^

"Class

B"

widows'^

and

colored

servants

are

ineligible

if

receiving

old

age

assistance.

Army,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

Army,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps.

Army

,

Navy,

or

Marine

Corps

.

Army

or

Navy

_

Army

or

Navy

-

Army Army

or

Navy

_

Any

war

World

War

Any

war

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces)

.

State

service

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces)

.

Service

of

the

State

since

March

4,

1861.

Civil

War

(Confederate

forces)

.

Veteran'' Veteran^ Veterar

Veteran

or

widow^_

Veteran,

widow,

or

minor

child.

Veteran

orwidow

-

Veteran'^ Veteran

or

widowsState,

resident

at

time

of

enlistment

.

State,

resident

as

of

May

2,

1923.

State

,

resident

at

tinte

of

enlistment.

State,

1

year

immediately

preceding

application.

State,

5

years

State,

2

years^^

Hampshire

Jersey

Mexico

York:

ish

allowance

d

to

blindveterans

-

h

Carolina

h

Dakota

homa on

sylvania

e

Island

h

Carolina

h

Dakota
190 o STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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ederate

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BASIC TABLES o 191

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192 ® STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

O

in>o

u

U

a

in a

d

o

OJo

o

C/1

Confederate

Pension

Fund

derived

from

State

property

tax.

Confederate

Pension

Fund

derived

from

State

property

tax

and

12

percent

of

beverage

tax

fund.

State

property

tax.

State

general

fund,

highway

fund,

property

tax,

and

cigar

and

cigarette

tax. Slate

general

fund.

O -M

QJ .H U J=i

0) m

o a

State State State State State

C3O

m

Id

0)&

1-1o

=)o

E

Veterans,

$150

quarterly;

widows

80

years

of

age

or

over,

$90

quarterly;

wida^s

under

80

years

of

age,

$60

quarterly;

widows

totally

blind,

$90

quarterly;

wife

of

insane

veteran

wlio

received

pension

and

is

in

insane

hospital,

$60

quarterly.

Gash

pension

of

$100

per

annum..

$50

per

month

and

$5

additional

per

month

for

pensioners

who

lost

an

eye,

foot,

or

hand

in

actual

Civil

War

service.

Veteran

and

widow,

$30

per

month.

*->

X)

OJ

'Mo

o

o

«1

a;

o

>

Application

filed

with

probate

judge

of

county

of

residence

who

is

the

county

pension

commissioner

.

Application

fonvarded

by

probate

judge

to

State

agency.

County

board

of

pensions

certifies

application

to

State

Pension

Board.

Director

of

county

board

of

public

welfare

certifies

applicant

's

residence

and

service.

Judge

of

county

court,

after

hearing,

forwards

application

to

the

dipensions.

n3a

State

Pension

Commission.

State

Pension

Board.

Board

of

county

commissioners.

State

Department

of

Public

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ate

pensions

in

the

State

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Depa

rtmen

t

.

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State

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Pension

Boards

Board

of

county

commissioners.

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Division

of

Confederate

pensions

in

the

State

Military

De1 Si ^ ^ ^ i .=^ 111!^ ^ ; ; 1 1 ! ^

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Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho

Illinois Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky
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194 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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196 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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198 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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204 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 205

County

board

of

commissioners

or

supervisors

makes

inquiry

and

forwards

application

and

findings

to

State

Board

of

Control.

Board

appointed

by

Governor

and

council

investigates

applicant.

Judge

of

court

of

common

pleas

certifies

applicant's

eligibility.

do

-.

State

Board

of

Control

Board

of

managers

of

State

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

managers

of

State

Memorial

Home

for

Disabled

Soldiers.

Board

of

managers

of

State

Memorial

Home

for

Disabled

Soldiers,

Sailors,

Marines,

and

Their

Wives

and

Widows.

Board

of

visitors

of

State

Women's

Relief

Corps

Home.

Board

of

directors

of

Confederate

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

directors

of

Confederate

Women's

Home.

Board

of

trustees

of

State

Soldiers'

Home.

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

do

Board

of

trustees

of

Confederate

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

trustees

of

'Union

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

trustees

of

State

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Home.^'

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare,

Division

of

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Relief.

State

Department

of

,

Public

Welfare.^

Board

of

Control

of

the

State

Department

of

Institutions

and

Agencies. do

..

State

Department

of

Social

Welfare.

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

do

State

Commissioner

of

Charities

and

Corrections.

do

State

Department

of

Military

Affairs.

^^

Director

of

public

welfare

of

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

State

Board

of

Control

Board

of

managers

of

State

Soldiers'

[Jpme.

Board

of

managers

of

State

Memorial

Home

for

Disabled

Soldiers.®

Board

of

managers

of

State

Memorial

Home

for

Disabled

Soldiers,

Sailors,

Marines,

and

Their

Wives

and

Widows.

Superintendent

of

State

Women's

Relief

Corps

Home.

Board

of

directors

of

Confederate

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

directors

of

Confederate

Women's

Home,

Board

of

trustees

of

State

Soldiers'

Home.

Superintendent

of

State

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Home.

Superintendent

of

Madison

Home.

Board

of

trustees

of

Confederate

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

trustees

of

Union

Soldiers'

Home.

Board

of

trustees

of

State

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Home.

^'

Commandant

of

State

Soldiers'

Home..

State

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Home

at

Grand

Island

and

branch

at

Milford.

State

Soldiers'

Home

_

State

Memorial

Home

for

Disabled

Soldiers.

State

Memorial

Home

for

Disabled

Soldiers,

Sailors,

Marines,

and

Tlieir

Wives

and

Widows,

State

Women's

Relief

Corps

Home,

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Soldiers'

Home.

Confederate

Women

's

Home.

State

Soldiers'

Home

State

Soldiers'

and

Sailors'

Home.

Madison

Home

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Soldiers'

Home. Union

Soldiers'

Home.

State

Soldiers'

Home^^

State

Soldiers'

and

State

Soldiers'

Home

_

^ Ie o o 1e:ooo:ees:o,'e:;e:

5ka

impshire

'rsey xico rk

Carolina

..

Dakota

ma

Ivania Island
206 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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State Boards and Local Boards

209

138640 O—39 15
210 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 211

t3 "M a u [rt ',SS:i

a. 10 S -

«; .a

<u a <u e

m O E I- u

tice

may,

upon

a

full

presentation

of

the

facts,

remove

such

member.

By

Governor

for

misconduct,

incapacity,

or

neglect

of

duty.

Not

more

than

2

members

shall

be

from

the

same

social

welfare

district.

1

of

tlie

members

shall

be

a

medical

doctor

and

1

a

dentist,

both

in

active

practice.

The

members

of

the

board

must

be

selected

from

the

10

congressional

districts

and

should

represent

the

geographical

sections

of

the

State.

Not

more

than

3

of

the

same

political

party.

At

least

1

woman;

not

more

than

1

member

from

any

congressional

district;

and

not

more

than

3

of

the

same

political

party.

Citizen

and

elector

for

at

least

5

years

prior

to

appointment.

Recognized

interest

in

and

knowledge

of

public

welfare

problems.

Recognized

interest

in

and

knowledge

of

public

welfare

problems.

Expenses; $1,200

per

annum

maximum.

Expenses

__

No

compensation. $300

per

annum

and

expenses.

$15

per

expenses.

$1,200

per

annum

maximum. ^1 1 X \ X

; x: J [ s-1 1 111 1

'

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212 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 213

B 'C -

O QBy

Governor

for

malfeasance,

nonfeasance,

or

any

other

cause

which

renders

member

unfit

for

office.

A

member

may

be

removed

for

exerting

political

influence

to

induce

members

or

officers

to

change

their

affiliation.

By

Governor,

after

notice

and

hearing,

for

gross

inefficiency,

neglect

of

duty,

malfeasance,

nonfeasance,

or

misfeasance

in

office.

2

members

of

tlie

board

shall

be

women.

1

woman

and

not

more

tlian

2

of

same

political

party.

Members

may

not

hold

any

other

lucrative

office.

At

no

time

shall

more

than

1

member

be

a

resident

of

any

1

of

the

3

supreme

court

districts

(as

now

constituted)

of

the

State.

Tlie

commission

must

be

nonpartisan.

Appointee

must

bea

resident

of

the

State,

a

taxpayer,

and

a

qualified

voter

of

the

State

for

at

least

10

years.

Expenses

__

Expenses

__

Salary

and

expenses.

Expenses

__

Expenses

__ II \ X I ^

S^' I II 11

W 111

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214 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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215 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 217

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218 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 219

By

Governor

for

unexpired

term

subject

to

confirmation

by

Senate,

and

such

appointment

shall

be

in

full

force

until

acted

upon

by

the

Senate.

By

Governor.

By

Commissioners

for

unexpired

term.

By

Governor

for

unexpired

term.

The

Governor

may

remove

any

member

for

inefficiency,

neglect

of

duty,

or

malfeasance

in

office.

Before

such

removal

he

may

giye

the

member

a

public

hearing.

By

Commissioners

for

cause.

1

member

must

be

a

woman.

Members

must

devote

entire

time

and

attention

to

duties

of

office. 1

member

from

each

judicial

division.

Appointment

to

the

board

made

without

regard

lo

sex

or

color.* 1

member

from

Honolulu,

Hawaii,

Haui,

and

Kauai.

3

members

from

the

Territory

at

large.

Any

person

holding

an

elective

or

appointive

salaried

position

with

the

Federal,

Territorial,

or

county

governments

is

ineligible

for

board

membership.

During

term

of

office

no

board

member

shall

be

a

candidate

for

public

office

or

serve

as

an

officer

or

committee

member

of

any

political

party.

Citiz

en

of

the

United

States

and

resident

of

the

Territory

and

judicial

division

from

which

appointed

for

at

least

5

years

immediately

preceding

appointment.

Legal

residents

of

Columbia

for

at

least

3

years.

$5,000

and

expenses.

Expenses

__

$10

per

diem

and

expenses.

Per

diegi

may

not

exceed

$1,000

per

annum.

No

compensation. Expenses

__

i J 1 1 i i II II 1 !

Pension

department

of

the

Industrial

Commission.

State

Board

of

Control.

State

Board

of

Public

Welfare.

Territorial

Board

of

Public

Welfare. Board

of

Public

Welfare.

Territorial

Board

of

Public

Welfare.

Pension

department

of

the

Industrial

Commission. State

Board

of

Control.

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Territori

al

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Board

of

PubUc

Welfare.

Territorial

Board

of

Public

Welfare.

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska

District

of

Columbia.

Hawaii
220 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

^— -—

1

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0) ^ o ^j o t; E a o

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t3 o d O

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BASIC TABLES • 221

p

^-^ u

o

l-O P

p >1 O o t :^ S

>

ft

Governor

may

make

temporary

appointment

untilnext

meeting

of

Senate.

O

o

«iPo

Education,

ability,

and

experience

in

field

of

public

welfare

without

regard

to

residence

or

political

affiliation.

Training,

ability,

and

experience

in

field

of

public

welfare.

Training,

ability,

and

experience

in

field

of

public

welfare

without

regard

to

political

affiliation.

Training,

demonstrated

ability,

leadership,

and

experience

in

organized

social

welfare

administrat

ion.*

Citizen

and

elector

for

5

years,

with

at

least

2

years

practical

business

experience

and

any

qualifications

set

by

the

Governor.

Training,

ability,

and

experience

in

public

welfare

administration.

§

(d

0*a

e

Fixed

by

board

^

-

Fixed

by

boardsFixed

by

law-.-

Fixed

by

law--

Fixed

by

board

s_

Fixed

by

law

--

Fixed

by

law..

Fixed

by

Governor.^

ao

u

Oi

01

o11

By

commission or board XX] 1 ' ' to 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CD X ^111 [ 1 i' ^

By

Governor with consent of Senate

1 11 1 III! 1 1 ^ 1

By Governor 1 II 1 ' <o ' '

1 c~ 1 '

1 1^ 1 1^1^ ^ ^1 1

o

o

E

1-0>

e-i

Pleasure

of

board

_

Pleasure

of

board

-

Pleasure

of

Governor.

Pleasure

of

board^

_

Pleasure

of

Governor. 4

years

beginning

July

1,

1939.

4

years 2-year

term

concurrent

with

Governor. 2

years^

Pleasure

of

board

-

0)>

OJ

QJ

O

e-i

Commissioner

of

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Commissioner

of

State

Department

of

Social

Security

and

Welfare.

Commissioner

of

public

welfare

--

Director

of

State

Department

of

Social

Welfare.

Director

of

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Commissioner

of

welfare

State

welfare

commissioner

Director

of

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Commissioner

of

State

Department

of

Public

Assistance.

Director

of

public

welfare

for

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Administrator

of

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

0)n

00

Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho

Illinois Indiana
222 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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BASIC TABLES • 223

ft) t3 J-8

a t! «

S3 ^.•:;

3 g

11 QJ (b w. c

nj K -a

-^ -y^ OJ 01 rt

u cj % ^ m O ^ S & c _ ^ -D O -^

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t- =J <U

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224 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

H (1) H *-|D

U

o a

<H •-<

By

Governor,

in

s2Lme

manner

as

original

appointment.

Governor

may

make

ad

interim

appointments.

V)ao

•HaHO

Standards

fixed

by

State

commission

Appointed

solely

on

basis

of

merit

measured

by

education,

ability,

experience,

and

administration

of

public

welfare

activities

without

regard

to

residence

or

political

affiliation.

Executive

ability

and

extensive

experience

in

public

welfare.

Citizen

of

State

with

residence

in

State

for

at

least

10

years

preceding

date

of

appointment.

Must

be

at

least

35

years

old

at

time

of

appointment.^®

(")

g

•Hs

s

e

0) Fixed

by

boardFixed

by

law__

Fixed

by

law

__

Fixedbyboard^

_

Fixed

by

Governor.^ Fixed

by

law^''._

FiJcedbyboard^__

Fixed

by

law

__

Fixed

by

board

_

Fixed

by

law

.-

BO

+Ju

OJ

OJ

CO

og

By

commission or board X \

] X [

1 XX X \

By

Governor with consent of Senate

1 ^ X 111 11 I =-^

By Governor

1 ! 1 \ X X 1 ! ] i

.y

•HH

o

•Ho

E 4-year

term

beginning

3d

Tuesday

in

January

next

following

election

of

Governor.®

Appointed

biennia

11y

and

holds

office

at

pleasure

of

Governor.®

Holds

off

iceuntil

his

successor

has

been

appointed.

Pleasure

of

Governor.

Pleasure

of

Gove-rnor.®

Pleasure

of

board

_

Pleasure

of

board

.

2

years.

(Appointed

biennially,

during

session

of

General

Assanbly.)

OJ>

P

o

o>

Administrator

Secretary

of

public

assistance

of

the

State

Department

of

Public

Assistance.

Director

of

Public

Welfare

State

director

of

public

welfare

_

Director

of

State

Department

of

Social

Security.

Commissioner

of

institutions

and

public

welfare

for

the

Department

of

Institutions

and

Public

Welfare.

Executive

director

of

division

of

public

welfare

of

State

Board

of

Control.

Executive

director

of

State

Old

Age

Assistance

Commission.

Director

of

State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.

Commissioner

of

public

welfare

--

»-| IX

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

-_

South

Dakota

Tennessee

Texas Utah

Vermont
BASIC TABLES • 225

O <u U]

a q; t-j ^

(U O ^ p ''^ w (fl e e o

- m £1 Bj p-

> *-• o Oi n (11 M

(-

'3 u Cl ?;

OJ

QJ n *-• u SH

s^

I-. e

o a ^

a

t- n)

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0) (3 CO <U ft

ffi) ifl tJ ri -<

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(S >

QJ .-I U

ta 3 ft

I- J3

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tJ t-t OJ v- .

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QJ > 0) I- . O ^ •-'

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r-i a o E c

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•J e

in j:; flj OJ n a> t3 13 U J h

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t-^ ft i^ a ^

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•-"tJ >iOKftQj(-4->*J4)
226 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

UrO

c nJ O >

r^ O

yi E

-r^ QJ > t- o

P-.

May

be

removed

by

State

board

for

malfeasance,

nonfeasance,

or

misfeasance. Members

shall

be

deemed

to

have

resigned

upon

absence

from

2

consecutive

quarterly

meetings.

Governor

may

remove

any

ntemberfor

cause.

'oa,

(dao

co

'e 2

board

members

must

be

women

-

The

citizen

members

must

be

residents

of

different

communities

in

the

county.

Members

must

be

qualified

voters

and

must

be

appointed

without

regard

to

political

affiliation

and

must

be

so

domiciled

that

they

will

be

geographically

dis

tributed

over

the

county.

They

may

not

hold

any

other

elective

or

appointive

position,

nor

may

a

member

be

a

retail

merchant,

No

member

may

serve

more

than

2

consecutive

terms.

Not

more

than

4

members

may

be

of

the

same

sex.

Members

may

not

be

officially

connected

with

any

institution

in

the

county

supported

by

public

funds.

The

board

is

com-.iised

of5

men

and

4

woireu.

o

O

Members

must

be

citizens

of

thecounty

with

a

recognized

interest

in

public

welfare.

Board

consists

of

2

citizen

members

and

1

member

of

the

board

of

supervisors. Recognized

interest

in

and

knowledge

of

public

welfare.

(Qualified

electors

of

the

county.

Remuneration

Expenses

Traveling

expenses

-

Traveling

expenses

-

No

compensation

—

E

County

board

of

commissioners,

county

board

of

revenue,

or

other

county

governing

body,

County

board

of

supervisors.

(M

-

County

board

of

supervisors.

^

(M

-

Governor

U

o

o

toE

OJ

0; O

: ; ; : ;

i ; i

Rotating

(number of years 1

Number of members

t> to in i> — ; (31

-au

o

x>

oH

County

board

of

public

welfare.

County

board

of

•

social

security

and

public

welfare. County

board

of

public

welfare.

County

board

of

public

welfare.

'

County

board

of

public

welfare.

County

welfare

board.

'

(U

C/2

Alabama Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Upldware

t-Iorida
BASIC TABLES e 227

k J

w a> O n] O

No

Federal,

State,

county,

or

municipal

official

is

eligible

for

board

membership.

The

board

consists

of

3

men

and

3

women.

No

fnember

shall

be

related

by

affinity

or

consanguinity

within

the

3d

degree

to

a

member

of

the

board

of

county

commissioners

or

any

other

county

officer.

No

elected

off

icerof

the

State

or

any

subdivision

shall

be

eligible

for

appointment

to

the

board.

2

board

members

must

be

woiren

and

not

more

than

3

members

shall

be

of

the

same

political

party.

Citizen

and

elector

of

State

for

5

of

9

years

immediately

preced

i

ng

date

of

appointment.

Board

members

must

be

tax

payers

and

qualified

voters

over

30

years

of

age.

Resident

of

county

for

at

least

2

years

prior

to

appointment.

Must

have

recognized

interest

in

and

knowledge

of

problems

of

public

welfare.

Board

members

must

be

citizens

of

the

parish.

Expenses

No

compensation

Expenses Expenses

Traveling

expenses

-

$3

per

diem

and

expenses

. '

Expenses

do

Board

of

county

commissioners.

County

commissioner

or

board

of

county

commissioners,

or

the

const

itu

ted

fiscal

agent

of

each

county

with

the

approval

of

the

State

department.

() Judge

of

the

county

circuit

court.

County

board

of

supervisors.

CI

! 1 1 1 ! 1 i m' I 1 1 1

1 . • . (- 1 1 1 1 "• 1 1 1 1

1 i 1 ; ; i 5 ; : ; ; ^to fo f^ll** 11! — \

— tD iTi m']if) —-[Jlo]

District

board

of

social

welfare.

County

board

of

charity.

County

board

of

public

welfare.

^

County

welfare

commission.

County

department

of

public

welfare.'

County

bureau

of

public

welfare.

^

County

board

of

public

welfare.

^

County

board

of

social

welfare.

County

board

of

social

welfare.

Parish

board

of

public

welfare,

I ' 1 1 I I 1 1 "^ '

1 I 1 I I , , , ^ 1

I 11 1 1

I

' "^ » I rt ' .iH ffl ' ' ^ ra a ] .w ' O a 01 o -r^ a '
228 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

o

O > 3 i "> t- o

By

authority

making

original

appointment.

Any

member

of

the

commission

who

becomes

a

candidate

for

an

elective

office

forfeits

his

position

on

the

commission.

E

O&

P.

rfO

co

•J

<n

E (M a

woman.

At

least

1

but

not

more

than

3

members

of

the

county

welfare

board

shall

be

members

of

the

board

of

bers

may

be

of

the

same

political

party.

No

elective

officer

shall

be

appointed

to

the

commission.

At

least

1

member

must

be

a

woman

.

01O

Members

must

understand

the

problems

of

social

welfare.

Members

must

be

residents

of

the

county.

IM

Members

must

be

residents

of

the

county.

^

Qualifications

for

county

commissioners

are

the

same

as

those

for

State

commissioners

(see

table

34).

O

2

a

e

No

compensation

do—

---

Expenses^ Expenses

$3

per

diem

and

expenses.

IM

Expenses

,.

No

compensation

If}

^ B

4) 'CE

Board

of

county

commissioners.

^

Mayor

of

Baltimore.

(M (M State

Emergency

Welfare

Relief

Commission,

with

approval

of

Governor.

County

board

of

supervisors.

State

Social

Security

Commission.

(M

-

(M State

Board

of

Relief,

Work

Planning,

4JU

OO

in

m

1) o

; ! i ~ i ; - \

\ \ :r

Rotating

(number of years) 3 6 3

or

5.

4

Number of members

' ' .11 1 ifi 1 1 ! 1 11 ' ' 1 . O 1 ,11

t-C^ — —'to iO tO^ llifi

o

aSO

£)

O

(UE

County

welfare

board. Advisory

welfare

committee,

Baltimore

City

Department

of

Wel-

^fare.

Local

boards

of

public

welfare.

County

old

age

assistance

board.

County

welfare

relief

commission. County

welfare

board.

County

board

of

public

welfare.

County

social

security

commission. County

board

of

public

welfare.

^

County

assistance

committee.

County

board

of

relief,

work

4J

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota Mississippi

Missouri Montana

Nebraska

Nevada
BASIC TABLES • 229

-1-1 I- -i-i rt OJ 3 n) (/I O (-• -H O W CO (d

nj J3 -i-l H-( o >, e S 4)

^ >> "^ .y

"J '-' ^ Zj a § -o ^

>i rt o « 3

«J U U <« P-i

At

leasts

members

of

the

board

must

be

women.

1

member

must

be

a

woman

No

member

may

serve

more

than

2

successive

terms.

Appointed

without

regard

to

political

affiliation.

Board

must

contain

members

of

both

sexes.

No

member

may

hold

office

ina

political

party

and

all

members

must

not

belong

to

same

political

party.

No

member

may

serve

more

thaa

2

consecutive

terms.

Member

must

be

a

citizen

of

the

county.

Must

be

chosen

on

basis

of

fitness

by

reason

of

character,

experience,

and

training.

Members

must

have

resided

in

State

1

year

immediately

preceding

appointment

and

at

leasts

years

out

of

the

5

preceding

years.

Expenses

No

compensation

but

necessary

and

actual

expenses

may

be

allowed.

No

compensation

Expenses^ Expenses (M

and

Pension

Control. County

board

of

chosen

f

reeholders

.

Chief

executive

officer

of

local

unit,

upon

approval

of

local

governing

body. State

Department

of

Public

Welfare.^

(M Board

of

county

commissioners.

^

(') (M (>)

Fixed

by

local governing body.

'

' I II'" 1 1 I I

' I '^

1 lo 1 ] ; to to 1 I 1 1 f^ 1 ^

] 1 in III 1 I I I 1 '"' 11

:„' 2 ; ; : ~ ;;r- - „' fe ' |c0rO ;itO — [— —^tsc^ l to

planning,

and

pension

control.^ County

welfare

board.

Local

assistance

board.

Local

boards

of

public

welfare.

^

See

table

37

County

board

of

charities

and

public

welfare.

County

welfare

board.

County

assistance

board. County

welfare

board

.

Count-y

relief

committee.

County

board

of

assistance.

See

table

37

County

board

of

public

welfare.

Hampshire

._-

Jersey

•Mexico ^ork h

Carolina

-.

h

Dakota

sylvania

e

Island

h

Carolina

--
230 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

uo

a Bj>

01 e

M 0) > i-> o

tMay

be

removed

by

board

of

county

commissioners

for

neglect

or

failure

to

perform

and

carry

out

the

duties

of

their

office

properly.

May

be

removed

by

State

Board

of

Public

Welfare

for

cause

by

and

with

the

approval

of

the

court

or

judge

making

the

appointment.

May

be

removed

at

pleasure

of

Governor.

If

a

member

of

the

council

becomes

a

candidate

for

or

is.

appointed

to

any

other

public

office

or

political

ccumittee

or

serves

as

an

election

official,

his

office

is

automatically

vacated.

as

a

Ho1

o

a

o

«

E

i-J 1

woman.

Not

more

than

^

of

the

members,

other

than

the

members

of

the

same

political

party.

May

be

reappointed

regularly

at

pleasure

of

board

of

county

commissioners.

Not

more

than

3

council

members

shall

be

of

the

same

political

party.

nO

o

Residents

who

have

demonstrated

their

interest

in

social

service

and

public

welfare

problems

are

eligible

for

beard

membership.

Must

be

a

resident

of

county

or

city.

Local

citizens

selected

on

basis

of

interest

and

experience

in

public

welfare,

child

welfare,

health,

employment,

and

education.

Citizens

of

county

are

appointed

to

council

on

basis

of

character,

experience,

and

training.

o

2

41a

e Expenses^

No

compensation-

—

en

° a

O no 2 3 -1

missioners.

(M.—

Board

of

county

dommissioners.

Governor^

O

OO

4)

4) o II ^ 1 till 1 1 1 1 II 4) , II ^ 1

1 i ! 1 II "^ I

Rotating

(number of years)

[ [ ] ID 1 CNJJ rO

Number of members

1 1 1 1 II t^ 1

i ; i i :

' ° i

' !

1 t 1 ^ ; « o '

V.On

o

See

table

37

County

board

of

public

welfare,

County

or

city

board

of

public

welfare.

Advisory

committee.' County

public

assistance

council.

4)

V3

South

Dakota

Tennessee

Texas Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West

Virginia

—
BASIC TABLES • 231

May

be

removed

by

State

board

for

failure

to

attend

regular

meetings

for

a

period

of

3

months

or

failure

to

meet

other

responsibilities

delegated

to

the

county

board.

At

least

3

members

shall

oe

members

of

county

board.

(')

County

residents

are

eligible

for

appointment.

IM

-

Expenses Expenses

County

board

of

supervisors. do_-

Board

of

county

commissioners.

^

Governor^

; ^ I I !

; ; to ;

; ^

iD — in

J

', i£)

County

department

of

public

welfare.'

County

pension

department.

County

board

of

public

welfare.

County

public

welfare

commission.

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Alaska

District

of

Columbia.

Hawaii

-^ X) a. a a

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232 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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238 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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Table of Citafions to Statutory Provisions

Contained in Tables f-37

239
240 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Table 38. —Citations to Statutory

Provisions granting relief and public

State General relief tables 1—

5

Old age assistance tables 6—11

Blind assistance

tables 12—17

Aid to dependent children

in their own homes tables 18—21

Alabama Michies Code Ann. (1928), sees. Michies CodeAnn. (1936Cum. Laws (1935, 2d ex.). Michies Code Ann. (1936 2787—2806(44). Supp.), sees. 2723(1); 2723 Nos. 87; 170. Cum. Supp.), sees. 3566 Michies Code Ann. (1936 Cum. (3): 2723(11)— 2723(12); (D —3566(10).

Supp.), sees. 2806(31); 2806(45): 2723(17); 2723( 19)— 2723 Gen. and Local Acts (1935, 29 31(10)— 2931(27); 5755(13). (HD). 2d ex.), No. 170. Gen. and Local Acts ( 1935, 2d Gen. and Local Acts (1935,

ex. ), No. 170. 2d ex.), Nos. 143; 170.

Arizona Const., Art. 7, sec. 3 Acts (1937), ehs. 69— 70 _. Acts (1937). ehs. Acts (1937), ehs. 69; 72-

Rev . Code Ann . ( 1928 ) , sees . 8 13— Acts (1937, 3d ex.), eh. 2 69; 71. 615; 2195.

Rev. CodeAnn. (1936 Cum. Supp.), -

sees. 774(5); 774(12); 774(28);

811. Acts (1937), elis. 18; 69. Acts (1937, 3d ex.), eh. 4.

-,

Arkansas State; Digest of Stat. (1937), Digest of Stat. (1937), Digest of Stat. Digest of Stat. (1937), sees. 10676—10693; 10708; sees. 10676—10695: 10699- (1937), sees. sees. 10658—10669; 10715—10731. 10711: 10725—10731. 10676—10594; 10676—10594; 10695;

local: Digest of Stat. ( 1937 ), sees

.

10697—10711; 10 699—10 700; 10702—

2906; 2913; 9157; 10586—10594. 10725—10731. 10711; 10725—10731.

California Const., Art. II, see. 4; Art. XVI, Welfare and Institutions Welfare and Insti- Welfare and Institutions

sec. 10. Code (1937), sees. 2000- totionsCode (1937), Code (1937), sees. 1500—

Gen. Laws (1937), Act. 3780e; ???a. sees. 3000-3091. 1575. 8780 e-1. Welfare and Institutions Code --

(1937), sees. 200—208; 2500— *.

2615. -'C~ Stat. (1937, 1st ex.), S. Const.

Amend. No. 2.

Colorado Const., Art. VII, sec. 4 Const., Art. XXIV Stat. Ann. (1935), Stat. Ann. (1935), ehs. 33, Stat. Ann. (1935), ehs. 59, see. Stat. Ann. (1935), ch. 141, ehs. 22, sees. 37— sees. 35—106: 141, sees.

15; 124; 141, sees. 1-12, 15, sees. 13—27. 68; 141, sees. 13, 19—20, 24.

20, 24. Laws (1937), ehs. 330—201; 20. Laws (1937), eh. 223. Laws (1937), c)is. 216; 223—224; 223. Laws (1937), ch.

262. 106.

Connecticut Gen. Stat. (1930), sees. 1684— Gen. Stat. (1935 Cum. Supp.)

,

Gen. Stat. (1937 Gen. Stat. (1930), sees.

1685; 1587-1701; 1703—1707; sees. 574c: 732c; 734c— Supp. ) , sec. 40 Id. 1925—1929, 1931. 1710—1719. 737c: 740c— 756c: 758c— Gen. Stat. (1935 Cum.

Gen. Stat. (1935 Cum. Supp.), 759c; 751c—754c. Supp. )

, sees. 572c; 728c. sees. 661c—673c; 713c. Gen. Stat. (1937 Supp.), Gen. Stat. (1937 Supp.),

Gen. Stat. (1937 Supp.), sees. sees. 392d—405d. . sees. 3S4d— 385d: 390d—

361d— 365d; 3B4d. 39 Id.

Delaware _ Rev. Code (1935), sees. 162-8—

1644.

Rev. Code (1935), sees. 1604—1608; 1611-1627.

Laws (1937), eh. 95

Const., Art. V, sec. 2. Laws (1937), ch. 124. Laws (1937), ch. 96.

Florida Comp. Gen. Laws (1927), sees. Comp. Gen. Laws (1935 Cura. Comp. Gen. Laws Comp. Gen. Law? (1935 Cum. 2153(4); 2267; 2373; 2904—2907; Supp. ), sees. 4151(365) — (1935 Cum. Supp.), Supp. ) , sees. 2276(l.'i)— 2W5; 5873—5875. 4151(373). sees. 4151(304)— 2276(16); 3727(1)— 3727

Comp . Gen . Laws ( 1935 Cum . Supp . )

,

Gen. Acts (1937), ehs. 4151(308). (12). sees. 2276(1)— 2276(45). I8OI5': B285. Gen. Acts (1937), Gen. *ct= (1937), ehs. Gen. Acts (1937), ehs. 18061— clrs. 18815; 18285. 18015; 18285.

18062: 18285.
BASIC TABLES • 241

Provisions Contained in Tables I —37

assistance

Dependent and neglected children

(institutions and agencies) tables 23—27

Mlchies Code Ann. (1928), sees.

103; 108: 110—114: 116—152:

3533; 3535; 3638: 3541—3542. Michies Code Ann. (1936 Cum.

Supp.), sees. 104; 115; 152(11: 3528—3640; 2931( 10 ) —2931( 27)

;

6755. Gen. and Local Acts (1935, 2d ex.). No. 170.

Rev. Code Ann. (1928), sees. 1932; 1934. Eev.CodeAnn. (1936 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 1928—1931: 1942. Acts (1937), ch. 69.

Digest of Stat. (1937), sees.

6350; 7459—7460; 7462-7479;

7481—7483; 7490: 7494; 10713. Acts (1937), Act 232.

Welfare and Institutions Code

(1937), sees. 550—580; 630—

701; 720—750; 860—834; 900—

911; 1033-1332; 1530-1530.

Stat. Ann. (1935), clis. 3, sec.

10(9); 33, sees. 1—43. 69—75, 81—84.

Laws (1937), c)i. 223.

Veteran relief tables 28—33

Gen. Stat. ( 1819; 1S54- 1874-1876 1886—1891

1914: 1916

Gen. Stat. ( sees. 587o706c; 709c: 726c. Gen. Stat. ( 374d: 380d—

1930), sees. 1817—

-1863; 1865—1872;

1373; 1330—1883;

1893—1906; 1912;

1921; 2680. 1935 Cum. Supp.),

-688c: 692c—704c; 712c— 717c: 721c—

1937 Supp . ) , sees . 389d.

Rev. Code (1935), sees. 1118—

1119; 1127—1135; 2538—2647;

2621—2622; 4327—4353.

Laws (1937), chs. 97—98.

Comp. Gen. Laws (1927), sees. 3684—3704; 3709—3716.

Comp. Gen. Laws ( 1935 Cum. Supp.), sees. 3691(1); 3700 ( 1 )—3700(9)

;

3716(1).

Gen. Acts (19371, ch. 18285.

Michies Code Ann. (1928), sees.

2797; 2933—2992. Michies Code Ann. ( 1936 Cum. Supp.), sees. 2974(3) —2974(5).

Gen. Acts ( 1931), No. 134. Gen. and Local Acts (1935, 2d

ex.), Nos. 143, sec. 3; 13; 187.

Rev. Code Ann. (1928), sees. 3222-

3225.

Rev. Code Ann. (1935 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 3225a— 3225r.

Digest of Stat. (1937), sees. 10618—10657; 10670—10676;

12779; 12795—1302; 12906—

12916.

Military and Veterans Code ( 1937 )

,

sees. 690—700; 920—950; 1010—

1121. Political Code (1937), sec. 4408a.

gencies administering relief and public assistance

State departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 34—35

Stat. Ana. (1935) . ch. 150, sees. 1—21.

Laws (1937) , ch. 242.

Gen. Stat. (1930), sees. 1944—

1960; 1962; 1964—1956; 1950: 1966—1967; 1970. Gen. Stat. (1935 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 768c— 774c; 776c: 779c—

780c. Gen. Stat. (1937 Supp.), sees. 172d— 176d: 407d— 409d: 411d—

413d; 415d—419d.

Rev. Code (1936), sees. 325— 327 _ Laws (1937), ch. 32.

Comp. Gen. Laws (1927), sees. 2097-2129.

Comp . Gen . Laws ( 1936 Cum . Supp . )

,

sees. 2102(1); 2121(1); 2124.

Gen. Acts (1937), chs. 18045—

18047.

Michies Code Ann. (1928), sees.

103; 106—114.

Michies Code Ann. (1935 Cum.

Supp.), sees. 104; 115; 2723

(1); 2931110); 2931(14) —

2931(27); 3566( D —3665( 10)

.

Gen. and Local Acts (1936,

2d ex. ), Nos. 143; 170.

Acts (1937), ch. 69 .

Digest of Stat. (1937), sees. 10676—10731.

Acts (1937), Act 232, sees. 2—5.

Const., Art. XVI, see. 10. __ Gen. Laws ( 1937), Acts 8780e, 8780 e-1. Welfare and Institutions Code

(1937), sees. 100—130; 1561; 1554; 1556; 1621; 3305; 2140; 3075. Military and Veterans Cxjde (1937), sec. 921. Stat. (1937, 1st ex.), S. Const. Amend. No. 2.

Stat. Ann. (1935), chs. 22, sec. 39; 33, sees. 85—85:

141, sees'. 2—20, 27, 30. Laws (1937), chs. 201, sees. 1—2; 216, sees. 1, 5; 223, sees. 2—3; 224; 252, sec. 1.

Gen. Stat. ( 1930), sees. 1710; 1723—1724; 1914; 1916: 1921; 1927. Gen. Stat. (1935 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 667c—668c; 670c-674c; 71DO—716c; 721c; 728c; 734c—

735c. Gen. Stat. (1937 Supp. ) , sees.

126d; 363d—365d: 384d— 389d:

391d: 396d: 401d.

Sp. Laws (1937), pp. 396—397.

Rev . Code ( 1935 ) , sees . 1 1 16—

1134: 1130; 1604—1608; 1538—

1629. Laws (1937), ch. 96, sec. 2.

Gen. Acts (1937), ch. 18285-

Local departments of public welfare ( boards and executives) tables 36—37

Michies Code Ann. (1928),

sees. 143-152.

Michies Code Ann. ( 1936 Cum. Supp.), sees. 152(1): 2723

(1); 2931(10)—2931(27); 3556(1)— 3566( 10); 6765.

Gen. and Local Acts (1936,

2d ex. ), Nos. 37; 143.

Rev. Code Ann. (1933), sec.

814. Acts (1937), chs. 59—72.

Acts (1937, 3d ex. ), ch. 3.

Digest of Stat. ( 1937), sees.

2906; 2913; 10586; 10690;

10675; 10682; 10684—10731.

Welfare and Institutions Code

(1937). sees. 200-221;

1550; 2140; 2603: 3078.

Stat. Ann. (1935), chs. 22, sec. 40; 33, sees. 85, 88; 124, sec. 3: 141, sees. 13, 31—26.

Laws (1937), chs. 201, sees.

1, 3: 216, sees. 1. 7; 223, sees. 1, 3.

District Board; Gen. Acts

(1937), ch. 18286. County Welfare Board: Comp. Gen. Laws (1932), sees.

2153; 2276 ( D — 2376(5) ; 290 4—2907; 2909—2912;

2985. Comp. Gen. Laws (1935 Cum. Supp. ) , sec . 2903. Gen. Acts (1937), chs. 18062; 13409.

138640 O—39 17
242 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Table 38. —Citations to Statutory Provisions

Provisions granting relief and public

State General relief tables 1—

5

Old age assistance tables 6-11Blind assistance

tables 12—17

Aid to dependent children

in their own homes

tables 18—21

Georgia Const., Art. II, sees. 2-603: Acts (1937), pp. 311, 355—

Acts (1937, 1st ex. ), pp.

Acts (1937), pp. 355; 568.Acts (1937), pp.355; 630-

Aets ( 1937, 1st ex. 1, pp. 2-5402. Code (1933), sees. 23- 2101—23-2310; 34-aD3: 86-339; 68—69; 292; 351. Acts (1937, 1st 6a-69; 292. 92-3715. ex.1, pp. 68—69; Acts 1 19371, p. 355. 292.

Idaho Const., Art. VI, sec. 5 Laws (19371, chs. 216; 244 - Laws ( 19371, ehs. Laws ( 19371, ehs. 216; 244 Code Ann. (1932), sees. 30-601— 216; 244. 30-605; 30-706; 30-2802; 30- SO 1—30-2911; 30-3302—30-3303;

35-403. Laws (1935), chs. 15; 104. Laws ( 1935, 3d ex.), ch. 2. Laws (1937), clis. 81; 115; 216. Illinois Smitti-Rurd Rev. Stat. (1935), Smith- Kurd Rev. Stat. (19351, Smith- Kurd Rev. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat.

c)is. 23, sees. 393—409; 46. sec. ch. 23, sec. 28. Stat. (1935), ehs. (193~5), ehs. 23, sees.

69; 107, sees. 1—44. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1936 23, sees. 279— 322—340; 34, see. 67b.

Smitli-flurd Rev. Stat. (1936 Cum. Cum. Pam. 1, eh. 23, sees. 287a; 34, see. 67. Laws (1937), H. B. 86, p. Pam. ), ell. 107, sees. 2, 4a—4b, 410—427. Smi t h-Hurd Rev. 270.

6, 10, 12, 14—14a, 15.1, 16, Laws (19371. H. B. 959, p. Stat. (1936 Cum.

17a, 18a—18b, 19a—19b, 21—22, 265. Pam. 1, eh. 34, 24—27a, 30, 34, 45—46. sees. 67k, 67i. Laws (1935, 2d ex.), fl. Bs. 85,

p. 94; 99, p. 78; 100, p. 88. Smitli-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1938Supp.), ehs. 24, sec. 65.102. 102. 123;

34, see. 25; 107, sees. 20, 36a. Indiana Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (19341, sees. Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May Baldwin's Stat. Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May 13321—13322; 13326; 13360; 1936 Supp. 1, sees. 14078- Ann. (May 1936 1936 Supp. 1, sees. 14078- 13362—13391: 13395. 1; 14 07 8-32—14078-61; Supp. 1, sees. 71—14078-82; 14079-90—

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May 1935 14078-98—14078-130. 14078-1: 14078-52- 14078-130.

Supp. ), sees. 13320-1-13320-38: Laws (1937), ehs. 41; 47. 14078-70: 14078- Uws (19371, eh. 41. 13359-1-13359-12; 13364-1 — 98—14078-130.

13364-3; 13370; 13392-13394: Laws (1937), chs. 13395-1. 41:47. Laws (1937), chs. 41; 119, sec.

1; 208; 254.

Iowa Code (1935), sees. 388: 4005—

4030; 5130(121; 5297—5337;

Code (19351. sees. 5296-f9;

5296-f29; 5296-£37; 5296-

Acts (1937). chs.

144; 151.

Code (1935), sees. 3641: 3641-bl: 3642—3645.

5338—5347; 5362; 5771: 6742. 139— 5296- f 40. Acts (1937), chs. 118; 151. Acts (19371, ch. 195. Acts (19371, chs. 137; 139;

151: 186: 195.

Kansas (3onst., Arts. 5, see. 3; 7, sec. 4.

(jen. Stat. Ann. (1935), sees

Const., Art. 7, sees. 4-5.

Laws (1937), eh. 327.

Const., Art. 7, sec.

4.

Const., Art. 7, see. 4 ... Laws (1937), ch. 327. 19-244: 39-101—39-102; 39-301— Laws (1937), ch.

39-340; 39- 342d—39-353; 39-359— 327. 39-362: 39-3a04— 39-3al3: 39- 401—39-414: 39-510—39-527.

Laws (1937), ehs. 242-244; 248;

327; 374. Laws (1937, 1st ex.), H. B. 80. Kentucky Carroll's Stat. Ann. (1936), sees. Carroll's Stat. Ann. (19361, Carroll's Stat. Carroll's Stat. Ann.

913-1; 1840; 1882: 3058-14; sees. 3766bb-l—3766bb-16. Ann. (1936). sees. (1936), sees. 331L-8; 3922—3933. Acts (1936, 1st ex. 1, ch. 1, lS93a-10-189&-13. 331L-16— 331L-29; 4618- Acts (1936, 1st ex. ), ch. 1, Art. Art. 13. Acts (1936, 1st 35.

13. Acts (1938), chs. 20; 56— ex. ), ch. 1, Art. Acts (1936, 1st ex. ), ch. Acts (1938), ch. IP?.. 58. 13. Acts (1938), ch. 20.

1, Art. 13. Acts (19381, eh. 20.

Louisiana Const. (1921), Arts. 6, sec. 10; Const. T1921), Art. 18, sec. Const. (19ai. Art. Const. (1921). Art. 13,

8, sees. 2—3, 6, 13. 7. 18, sec. 7. sees. 5; 7. Gen. Stat. (1932). sees. 6470— Gen. Stat (1936 Cum. Supp.), Gen. Stat. (1936 Gen. Stat. (1136 Cum.

6486. sees. 6538.26—6538.49. Cum. Supp.), sees. Supp.), sees 6539.4—

Gen. Stat. (1936 Cum. Supp.), 6538.1—6538.25. 6539.12

sees. 6537.8: 6537.12.
BASIC TABLES « 243

Contained in Tables I —37

Continued

assistance

Dependent and neglected ciiildren (institutions and agencies) tables 22—27

Code (19331, sees. 24-2401—24-

2442; 35-605—35-506.

Acts (1935), pp. 398—399; 490. Acts (1937), p. 355.

Code Ann. (1932), sees. 31-1231-

31-1223; 31-1312. Laws (19371, ctl. 216.

Smitli-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1935),

chs, 23, sees. 190-220, 304—

311; 107. sec. 44. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1936 Cum.

Pan. ), ch. 34, sec. 67k. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1936

Supp.), ch. 34, sees. 25, 67.2.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (1934). sees. 4400—4440; 5669—6684; 5686—

5696; 5700—5705; 5712—5714; 5715—5717.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May 1935

Supp.), sees. 5694; 5706—5711;

5715. Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May 1936

Supp. ), sees. 14076-1; 14078-6—

14078-9; 14078-11; 14078-21;

14078-26; 14073-83. Laws (1937), chs. 41; 298.

Code (1935). sees. 3605—36165;

3617—3640; 3646-3657; 3661-a8—

3661-alO; 3661-a43; 3661-a56—

3661-alOO: 3666—3663; 3698—

3703; 3706—3720; 7173- Acts (1937), ell. 118.

(3en. Stat. Ann. (1936), sees. 38- 301—38-313; 38-401—38-410:

38-412-33-415; 38-422-38-432

38-501—39-515; 39-101—39-109

76-1701—76-1712.

Laws (1937), ell. 327.

Carroll's Stat. Ann. (19361. sees. 216a-3; 216a-22: 216aa-32; 331b1; 331e-l; 331e-l—331e-15

;

331e-19— 331e-21; 331L-6— 331L19; 331ni-l; 331n-2; 938b-l—

938b-22; 4618-35. Acts (1936 ,1st ex.), ch. 1. Art.

13.

Const. (1921), Arts. 6, see. 10;

7, see. 96. Gen. Stat. (1932). sees. 1679—

1718.

Gea. Stat. (1936 Cum. Supp.), sees. 1709; 1713.1—1713.3;

6537.3; 6537.12.

Veteran relief tables 28—33

Code (1933), sees. 23-2401—23-

2403; 73-331-73-230; 35-901—

35-905; 92-3701.

Acts ( 1937) , p. 355. Acts (1937, 1st ex.), pp. 292; 304. Code Ann. (19321. sees. 30-2911; 63-331—63-202; 63-204—63-205;

64-701—64-706; 64-806. Laws (1935), ch. 130.

Smith-Burd Rev. Stat. (1935),

chs. 23, sees. 3—5, 115—163;

34, sees. 131—141.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (1934), sees. 4084—4110.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May 1935

Supp.), sees. 4086; 4086-1—

4036-3; 4095-1; 44 41—44 58; 11019. Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (Hay 1936

Supp.), sees. 14078-8—14078-9;

14073-11.

Laws (1937), ehs. 41; 112.

Code (1935), sees. 3287—3384;

5325—5326; 5385— 5396-a2; 6020.

Gen. Stat. Ann. (19351, sees. 39- 101—39-109; 73-211—73-212;

73-301—73-307; 76-101—76-163;

76-1901; 76-1913; 76-1920—76-

1925. Laws (1937). ehs. 342—343.

Carroll's Stat. Ann. (1936), sees. 415a-l— 415a-12: 415b— 415b- 24; 4613-25—4613-27; 4513-81. Acts (1935, 1st ex.), ch. 1, Arts.

2, 13. 25, 27. Acts (1938), eh. 39. Acts (1938, 1st ex. ), ch. 33.

Ctonst. (1921), Arts. 6, sec. 10; 13, sees. 1—3. 7. Gen. Stat. (1932), sees. 8295; 9135—9137; 9194—9195; 9193—

9221. Gen. Stat. (1936 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 9193.1—9193.9; 9197.

gencies administering relief and public assistance

State departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 34—35

Local departments of public welfare (boards and eiecutives) tables 36—37

Code (1933), chs. 35; 77—78;

99. Acts (1937), pp. 311; 355;

370; 555; 579; 630.

Laws (1935). ch. 104 Laws (1937), chs. 334; 216; 244.

Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1935), ehs. 23. sees. 43, 135—138, 299a—299e, 393—409; 127, sees. 3—11. 53— 54b. Laws (1937), H. B's. 565, p. 271; 958, p. 451. Laws (1937), S. B's. 195, p. 1155; 276. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1933 Supp.), ehs. 23, Sec. 394;

34, see. 67.2.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May 1936 Supp.), sees. 14078-2-

14078-4: 14078-5—14073-17; 14078-28—14078-31.

Laws (1937). ch. 41, sees.

1. 6—7.

Acts (1937), chs. 113; 137;

144; 151; 195.

Const., Art. 7, sec. 4 Laws (1937), chs. 29; 327—

328; 374.

Carroll's Stat. Ann. (1936), sees. 215a-3—216a-4; 215aa- 2—216aa-34; 216aa-102 —

215aa-107; 331L-2— 331L-29; 3756bb-4; 4513-35.

Acts (1936, 1st ei. ), ch . 1, Arts. 2. 13, 26—27.

Acts (1936, 4th ex.), ch. 15. Acts (19381, chs. 57—58.

Acts (1933, Istex.), ch. 25.

Const. (1921), Arts. 6, sec.

10; 18, see. 7. Gen. Stat. (1936 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 6537.1—6637.8;

6637.15—5537.23; 9193.1—

9193.9.

Code (1933), sees. 78-335—

78-213; 23-2101; 23-2401. Acts (1937), pp. 364; 512.

Laws ( 1937), eh. 215.

Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1935),

eh. 34, sees. 67a—67i. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1936

Cum. Pam. ), cli. 34, sees, 67j—67u. Laws (1937), fi. B. 958, p. 451. Smith-Hurd Rev. Stat. (1938

Supp.), ehs. 24, sec. 65.102;

34, sec. 57.2.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (19341, sees. 5684—5685.

Baldwin's Stat. Ann. (May

1936 Supp.), sees. 14078-18; 14076-21; 14073-23; 14078- 25—14078-25; 14078-28—

14078-31.

Laws (1937), eh. 41, sees. 1—7.

Acts (1937). chs. 137; 144; 151.

Laws (1937), eh. 327.

Gen. Stat. (1935 Cum. Supp. ), sees. 6637.8—6537.16.
244 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Taote 38. —Citations to Statutory Provisions

Provisions granting relief and public

State General relief tables 1 —

b

Old age assistance tables 6—11

Blind assistance

tables 12—17

Aid to dependent children

in their own homes

tables 18—21

Maine Const., Arts. 2, sec. 1; 44 Laws (1937, 1st ex.), ch. Laws (1937), eh. Laws (19371, ch. 177

Rev. Stat. (1930), chs. 6, sec. 105. 210.

2; 18, sec. 4; 33; 72, sec. 5; 1S3. laws (19311, chs. 124; 216. Laws (1933), chs. 1, sec. 301;

23; 188: 223; 228. Laws (1935), chs. 1; 91. Laws (1937), ch. 191. Maryland Bagby's Ann. Code (1924), Arts. Laws (1937, 1st ex. ), ch. Laws (1935, 1st Laws (1935, 1st ex. 1, ch.

4; 26; 65, sec. 1. 12. ex. ), ch. 145. 148. Ann. Code (1935 Supp.), Arts. 4, Laws (1937, 1st Laws (19371, eh. 39. sec. 3; BSA, sees. 3, 7, 8B—8D, ex. ), ch. 4. Laws (1937, 1st ex. 1, ch. 9A—9G. 3. Flack's Code of Public Local Laws

(1930), Arts. 1—24.

Baltimore City Charter (1927), sees. 103—114. —. Laws (1936, 1st ex.), chs. 10—11.

Laws (1937), ch. 191. Massachusetts Ann. Laws (1932), chs. 47; 116— Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Supp. 1, Ann . Laws ( 1932 )

,

Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Supp. 1, 117. chs. IISA; 138, sec. 27. chs. 15, sees. 5, ch. 118. Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Supp. }, chs. Acts (1937), chs. 107; 165; 13; 69, sees. 12— Acts (1937), ch. 107.

116, sec. 2; 117, sees. 1, 2A, 440. 24.

6, 18, 24. Acts (1938), chs. 186, sec. Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Acts (19371, chs. 86; 107; 113; 4; 274; 285; 467. Supp. 1, ch. 69,

125; 277. sec. 25. Acts (19381, clis. 186, sec. 4; Acts (19371, ch. 425; 465; H. B. 981. 107.

Michigan Const., Art. 3, sec. 2 Stat.- Ann. (19351, sees. Stat. Ann. (1935), Stat. Ann. (1935), sees.

Stat. Ann. (19351, sees. 5.331; 16.201-16.239. sees. 16.33— 16.37. 25.297.

14.1139; 14.1147; 16.31—16.45; Stat. Ann. (1938 Stat. Ann. (1938 Cum. 16.121—16.195; 16.261—16.306. Cum. Supp. 1, sees. Supp. ), sees. 16.367;

Stat. Ann. (1933 Cum. Supp.l, sec. 16.367; 25.297. 25.297.

16.367. Minnesota Mason's Minn. Stat. (19271, sees. Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938 Mason's Minn. Stat. Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938 3157—3160; 3162-3164; 3166; Supp. ), sees. 53-18a; 974- (1938 Supp.), sees. Supp. ) , sees. 53-18a; 3168—3198; 3199-1; 3199-3. 17; 3183-1; 3199-11— 53-18a; 974-17; 8588-3—8688-26.

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938 Supp. ), 3199-47. 3199-42—3199-89.

sees. 1192-1-1192-5; 3159-3;

3161; 3164-1—3164-8; 3164-19—

3164-21; 3165; 3167; 3171-1—

3171-2; 3177-1—3177-6; 3195-1— ^ 3195-4; 3199.

•_

Mississippi Const. (1890), sees. 241; 243 ___ Uws (1936), ch. 175 Laws (19381, eh. Code Ann. (1930), sees. Code Ann. (1930), sees. 214—215; Laws (19381, ch. 361. 181. 4011—4020.

3127; 5694—5716.

Laws (1932), ch. 101. Laws (1934), ch. 308. Laws (1936), ch. 319. Missouri Const., Art. VIII, sec. 2 Stat. Ann. (1938 Cum. Pocket Const., Art. IV, Stat. Ann. (1938 Cum. PockStat. Ann. (1932), sees. 10179; Part), sees. 12967b-l; sec. 4. et Part), sees. 12967b-l;

12939; 12944; 12950—12967. 12967b-3; 12967b-ll — Stat. Ann. (1932), 129675-11; 12957b-13 —

Stat. Ann. (193SCum. Pocket Parti, 12967b-12; 12967b-14 — sees. 8893; 8895— 12 967b -20. sees. 12967b-l; 12967b-ll; 129675-20. 8900; 8902—8905. 12967b-14—12967b-20. Stat. Ann. (1938

Cum. Pocket Part 1, sees. 8894; 8901. Montana Rev. Code Ann. (19351, sees. 4521 — Laws (1937), ch. 82, pts. I, Laws (1937), ch. 82, Laws (19371, ch. 82, pts. 4541. III, VIII. pts. I, V, VIII. I, IV. Laws (1937), ch. 82. Nebraska Comp. Stat. (19291, sees. 55-101; 68-102; 68-106—68-109; 68-117—

Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum.

Supp.), sees. 68-257-

Comp. Stat. (19291, sees. 83-317.Comp. Stat. (19291, sees. 43-401—43-403; 43-405; 68-120; 68-123; 77-1802. 68-286; 68-317—68-318; Comp. Stat. (1937 43-407; 43-414.

Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum. Supp. ), 68-324—68-325. Cum. Supp. 1, sees. Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum. sees. 27-748; 58-101; 68-103— 68-317—68-318; Supp. ). sees. 43-404; 43- 68-105; 68-110—68-116; 68-121; 68-324—68-325; 406; 43-415; 43-501—43-

68-124-68-125; 68-324; 77-1801. 68-401—68-433. 523; 68-318; 68-325.
BASIC TABLES • 245

Contained in Tables I —37Continued

assistance Agencies administering relief and public assistance

Dependent and neglected children

[institutions and agencies)

tables 22—27

Veteran relief tables 28—33

State departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 34—35

Local departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 36—37

Acts (1933), clis. 1, sees. 203—

209, 471: 118. Acts (1937), c]is. 5; 177; 197.

s Ann. Code (1924), Art.

27, sec. 580.

Ann. Code (1935 Supp.), Arts. 26, sees. 64, 72; 52, sees. 81—90:

88A, sees. 2, 6, sB, 8D. Baltimore City Charter (1927),

sec. 107. Laws (1937). ch. 490.

Ann. Laws (1932), chs. 18, sees.

9, 11,16; 47: 116, sees. 1(3)—

1(4); 117, sees. 36—37: U9,

sees. 1—51, 65—72; 121, sees.

7, 16: 276, sees. 83, 86. Acts (1937), ell. 332.

Stat. Ann. (1935), sees. 16.3—

16.4; 16.271; 25.231-25.263; 25.291-25.304; 26.311-25.356; 26.361-25.371; 25.381—25.396.

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1927), sees. 4618—4627; 4454—4459; 4462-

4469; 4560—4576; 4618—4627;

8636; 8639; 8642; 8645—8669;

8689-2—8689-5.

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938 Supp. ), sees. 974-17a; 4460; 4467-1—

4467-2; 4562—4563; 4569; 8637—

8638; 8640-8641; 8642-1; 8643-

1; 8644; 8644-1:8664-1; 8664-3. Code Ann. (1930), sees. 4011;

5710; 7247-7268.

Laws (1936), ch. 180. Laws (1938), ch. 172.

Stat. Ann. (1932), sees. 7624—

7630; 12939; 12948; 14095; 1409'?-

14147; 14162-14158; 14164—

14181.

Stat. Ann. (1933{5um. Pocliet Part ), sees. 12967b-l; 12967b-4; 14146.

Rev. Code Ann. (1936), sees. 1484—

1510; 10465—10479.1.

Laws (19371, ch. 82. Comp. Stat. (1929), sees. 28-934:

43-201—43-228: 76-2601-76-2607;

83-501—83-502; 83-605—83-508.

Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum. Supp. ), sees. 43-229; 68-318; 83-503—

83-604.

Rev. Stat. (1930), chs. 5, sees. 70—71: 33, sec. 8. Laws (1931), ch. 216. Laws (1933), ell. 1, sees. 234—

240. Laws (1936), ch. 116. Laws (1937), ch. 215.

Ann. Code (1935 Supp.), Art. 65, sees. 57—60.

Ann. Laws (1932). chs. 6, sees. 40—41: 115: 116, sees. 1(5), 4—

5. Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Supp. ), chs.

115, sees. 12A, 17—20; 118A. Acts (1937), chs. 107: 196: 273:

440.

Stat. Ann. (19351, sees. 4.871—

4.894; 4.901—4.941; 4.1021—

4.1041; 4.1051—4.1068; 4.1131—

4.1151; 4.1321—4.1326.

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1927), sees. 4346—4364; 4366; 4387—4390; 4599—4600.

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938 Supp. ), sees. 1192-1—1192-6; 4344; 4365; 4370; 4372; 4397-3—4397-28;

4401-11—4401-12; 4601—4604.

Code Ann. (1930), sees. 214; 290

(a): 3866—3874; 5807—6824.

Laws (1936), ch. 316. Laws (1938), eh. 362.

Stat. Ann. (1932), sees. 13927; 13930—13940.

Stat. Ann. (1938Cum. Pocket Part),

sees. 13928—13929.

Rev. Code Ann. (1935), sees. 1620; 1626-1546: 4537—4541.

Laws (1937), ch. 163. Comp. Stat. (1929), sees. 80-104—

80-109; 80-302—80-306.

Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum. Supp.),

sees. 38-415: 77-1801; 80-301;

80-308; 83-109; 83-111; 83-135.

Laws (1931), ch. 216 Laws (1933), chs. 1. 188. Laws (1937). chs. 138—139:

141, 177. 210. Laws (1937, 1st ex.), chs. 105—106.

Ann. Code (1935 Supp.), Art. 88A, sees. 1—8D. Laws (1937), ch. 191. Laws (1937. 1st ex. ), chs. 3

4; 12.

Const. , pt. II, ch. II, sec.

III. Ann. Laws (1932), chs. 18; 119; 121, sees. 1—42.

Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Supp.),

chs. 69, sec. 29: 18; 118;

118A; 121, sees. aA, 9A; 138, sec. 27. Acts (1937), ch. 440. Acts (1938), ch. 476.

Stat. Ann. (1935), sees. 16.1—

16.46: 16.201—16.204,

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1927), sees. 4399—4433: 4437—

4469; 4661: 4567; 4670: 4600. Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938

Supp. ), sees. 53-18a; 3199-

13: 3199-64; 4398; 4603; 8646-1; 8683-3—8683-4.

Laws (1936), ch. 175

Laws (1938), chs. 172: 181.

Stat. Ann. (1938 Cum. Pocket Part), sees. 12967b-l—

12967b-8; 12967b-20— 12967b25.

Laws (1937), ch. 82 .

Const., Art. IV, sec. 19 Comp. Stat. (1929), sees. 83- 101—83-106.

Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum. Supp. )

,

sees. 43-603; 66-411; 68- 317—68-32 6; 68-403; 77- 2306: 83-107; 83-109; 83- 503-83-504.

Ann. Code (1935 Supp. ), Art.

88A, sees. 8A; 8D—BG. Laws (1935, 1st ex. ), ch

.

143. Laws (1937, 1st ex.), chs. 3—4: 12. Baltimore City Charter (1927)

,

sees. 103—104-

Ann. Laws (1,932), chs. 40, sees. 4—5; 41, sees. 1, 20—22, 31, 34: 117: 119.

Ann. Laws (1936 Cum. Supp. 1, chs. 117, sec. 1; 118, sec.

2: 118A, sec. 2. Acts (1937), chs. 113: 440. Acts (1938), ch. 476.

Stat. Ann. (1935), sees. 16.36: 16.101; 16.113;

16.204—15.205.

Mason's Minn. Stat. (1938

Supp. ), sees. 974-U—974-

21.

Laws (1936), ch. 175. Laws (1938), chs. 172; 181.

Stat. Ann. (1932), sees. 12938—12945.

Stat. Ann. (1938 Cum. Pocket Part), sees. 12967b-2:

12957b- 9—12967b-10.

Laws (1937), ch. 82.

Comp. Stat. (1937 Cum. Supp. ), sees. 43-502; 68-258: 58- 326—68-334: 68-401.
246 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

iabie 38. —Citations to Statutory Provisions

Provisions granting relief and public

State General relief tables 1—

5

Old age assistance tables 6—11

Blind assistance

tables 12—17

Aid to dependent children

in their own homes tables 18—21

Nevada Comp. Laws (19291, sees. 2361: Stat. (1935), ch. 138 Comp. Laws (1929), Comp. Laws (1929), sees. 5137—5142; 5145—5150. Stat. (19371, chs. 58; 67; sees. 2313—2321. 5100—5107.

Comp. Laws (1934 Pocket Parti, 127—12S. Stat. (1935), eh. Comp. Laws (1934 Pocket

sees. 5143—5144. 138. Part), sec. 984.02.

Stat. (19351, ch. 138. Stat. (1937), ch. Stat. (1935). ch. 138. Stat. (1937), ch. 127. 127. Stat. (19371, ch. 127.

New Hampshire Pub. Laws (19261, chs. 23, sec. 2; 105; 106, sees. 1, 7—8, 22-31:

107. Laws (1933), chs. 65; 137; 142. Laws (1937), ch. 202.

Laws (1937), eh. 202 Laws (19371, ch.

202.

LSiws (1937), eh. 202

New Jersey Cbnst., Art. 2, sec. 1 Rev. Stat. (1937), sees. Rev, Stat. (1937), Rev. Stat. (19371, sees.

Rev. Stat. (19371, sees. 2:160-13; 44:7-1-44:7-35. sees. 30:6-1—30: 30:5-1—30:5-45.

19:4-1; 44:1-3-44:1-9; 44:1-24— 6-16. Laws (1938), ehs. 161: 400. 44:1-37; 44:1-61—44:1-156; 44: 2-1—44:2-9; 44:3-1-44:3-4;

44:4-1—44:4-19; 44:4-45—44:4-

103; 44:4-118—44:4-135; 44:5-1—

44:5-19; 44:8-1—44:8-31; A:2-l—

A: 2-7. laws (19361, chs. 28; 123.

New Mexico Stat. Ann. (1929), sees. 101-101— Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.), Stat. Ann. (193S Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp. 1, 101-103; 130-803. sees. 134-2501; 134-2504; Supp.l, sees. 134- sees. 134-2501; 134-

Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp. 1, sees. 134-2511-134-2521; 134- 2501; 134-2504; 2511—134-25a: 134-2524; 134-2503—134-2504; 134-2511— 2527—134-2533. 134-2511-134- 134-2528—134-2533.

134-2521; 134-2525: 134-2528— 2521; 134-2527-

134-2533. 134-2533.

New York Cahill's Cons. Laws (19301, ch. Laws (19361, ch . 693 Laws (1937), ch. 15 . Laws (1937), ch. 15

49!^. Laws (19371, ch. 645. Laws (1938), ch. 478. Cahill's Cons. Laws (1931—35

Supp. ), ch. 49)j. Laws (1936), chs. 426; 873. Laws (1937), chs. 73; 358; 411;

492; 877. Uws (1938), chs. 346; 443-444;

447; 590. Charter of New York City (19361,

ch. 24.

North Carolina ._ Code Ann. (1935), sees. 1335- Pub. Laws (1937), ch. 288 __ (>)nst., Art. XI, Pub. Laws (1937), eh. 288 . 1343(PI; 5942. Pub. LocalLaws (1937), eh. 538.

sec. 10. Pub. Laws (19371,

ch. 124.

North Dakota Comp. Laws Ann. (19131, sees. 7; 2534—2544.

Comp. LawsAnn. ( 1913— 1925 Supp. 1, sees. 2529—2530.

Laws (19331, chs. 97—98.

Laws (1935), chs. 119-120; 123; 276. Laws (19371, ch. 214.

Laws (1937), chs. 86; 211 _. Laws 119371, ehs.

85; 210.

Laws (1937), ehs. 86; 209„

Ohio Code Ann. (1936), sees. 2522—

2557-4; 3138-1; 3148; 3476—

Throckmorton's Code .Ann. (19361, sees. 1359-1—

Throckmorton's Code

Ann. (19361, sees.

Throekmorton's Cbde Ann. (1936), sees. 1359-31—

3496-16; 4021—4035; 4089—4096; 1359-30 as amended by 2965—2970. 1359-42; 1656. 6308-7. (January 1938Supp. 1, sees. (January 1938 Supp.l, see. Throckmorton's Code Ann. (April 1359-2; 1359-7; 1359-12; 1359-33a. 1938 Supp.), sees. 2555; 3477. 1359-14; 1359-15a; 1359-

16; 1359-18—1359-21.

Oklahoma Stat. (1931), eh. 35, Art. 10... Stat . Ann . ( 1 938 Supp . 1 , ch . Stat. Ann. (1938 Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.l, Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.), ch. 24, 24, Art. 15b. Supp.l, ch. 24. ch. 24. Art. 15b.

Art. 15A. Art. 15b.
BASIC TABLES • 247

Contained in Tables I —37—Continued

assistance Agencies administering rel lef and public assistance

Dependent and neglected children State departments of public Local departments of public (institutions and agencies) Veteran relief tables 28—33 welfare (boards and execu- welfare (boards and executables 22—27 tives) tables 34—35 tives) tables 35—37

Comp. Laws (19291, sees. 491; Comp. Laws (1929), sees. 3526; Stat. (19351, ch. 138 Stat. (1935), ch. 138. 1010—1017; 1020—1022; 1039; 6876. Stat. (1937), eh. 127. Stat. (1937), ch. 127. 5141; 7680—7601.

Stat. (1937), chs. 127; 173.

Pub. Laws (1926), chs. 107: 109; Pub. Laws (1926), chs 12; 106, Laws (1937), ch. 202

113; lOS, sec. 7. sees. 9—21.

Laws (1933), ch. 147. Laws (1929), ch. 28. Laws (1937), chs. 143; 152; 202. LaA*s (19311, chs. 94; 138. Laws (1933), eh. 78. Laws (1935), chs. 167—158.

Laws (1937), ch. 202, see. 27.

Rev. Stat. (1937), sees. 9:4-1— Rev. Stat. (1937), sees. 30:4-1— Rev. Stat. (1937), sees. 30: Rev. Stat. (1937), sees. 9:4-19; 9:6-1—9:6-12; 9:7-1— 30:4-22; 30:6A-1: 30:6A-18; 38: 1-1—30:1-18; 30:4-1—30:4- 30:6-3; 44:1-1; 44:1-10—

9:7-5; 9:8-1; 9:10-1—9:10-6; 17-1-38:17-5; 38:18-1—38:18-3; 22; 44:7-6. 44:1-23; 44:1-38—44:1-58;

9:11-1—9:11-8; 9:18-1—9:18-37; 43:8-6—43:8-7. Laws (1938), chs. 89; 123. 44:4-20—44:4-44; 44:4-120; 30:1-1—30:1-18; 30:5-1-30:5-7; 44:7-7—44:7-11.

30:5-19—30:5-32; 44:4-87; 44:4- Laws (1938), chs. 123; 194.

68: 44:8-2.

Stat. Ann. (1929), sees. 22-101— Stat. Ann. (1929), sees. 33-5301 — Stat. Ann. (1929), sees. 126- Stat. Ann. ( 1938 Sudd. 1 , sec. 22-106; 22-401—22-402; 22-504— 33-5304. 107; 126-109. 134-2504(hl.

22-506; 62-301—62-304:130-701- Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.), sees. Stat. Ann. ( 1938 Supp. ), sees. 130-706; 130-802. 134-2503-134-2604. 32-1416; 134-2501—134-2510.

Stat. .4nn. (1938 Supp.), sees. 134-2603—134-2504.

Cahill's Cons. Laws (19301, chs. Cahill's Cons. Laws (1930), chs. Const., Act V, sec. 4 Cahill's Cons. Laws (1930),

49!<; 56; 67. 37; 49!^. Cahill's Cons. Laws (1930), ch. 49)^. Cahill's Cons. Laws (1931—35 Cahill's Cons. Laws (1931-35 chs. ^'^^. 56; 67. Cahill's Cons. Laws (1931—

Supp. ), chs. 49)«; 56. Supp.), chs. 37; 49)i; 56. Cahill's Cons. Laws (1931—35 35 Supp. ), chs. 11; 49)^. Laws (1936), chs. 426; 873. Laws (1936), chs. 102; 318; 750. Supp.l, ch. 56. Laws (1936), chs. 463; 571; Laws (1937), ch. 411. Laws (1937), ch. 492. Laws (1936), chs. 693; 873; 693; 822; 828: 873.

875. Laws (1937), chs. 1-6; 358; Laws (19371, chs. 15; 544; 411; 514; 645.

603. Laws (1938), chs. 26; 330; Laws (1938), chs. 48; 481— 443;. 467; 481—482.

482.

Const., Act VII, sec. 2 Code Ann. (1935), sees. 5127—

5136; 516e(a)— 5168(y).

Code Ann. (1935). sees. 5004—

5013. Code Ann. (1935), sees. Code Ann. (1936). sees. 1297(43); 5014-5018.

5008; 5017; 5039; 5051. Pub. Laws (1937), eh. 227. Pub. Laws (1937), chs. 135; Pub. Local Laws (1937). chs.

Pub. Laws (19371, eh. 135. 288: 319; 436. 538; 598. Pub. Laws (19371, chs. 243;

288: 319.

Comp. Laws Ann. (1913), sees. 7; 243.

Const., see. 216 Laws (1935), ch. 221

Laws (1937), chs. 209—211;

Laws (19351, ch. 123. Comp. Laws Ann. (1913), sees. Laws (19371, chs. 209—211.

Comp . Laws Ann . (19 13— 1925 Supp . )

,

1775—1796; 2423-2425; 3181. 214. sees. 283b5—283b7; 5099bl— Comp. Laws Ann. ( 1913— 1925 Supp.), 51Cea2; 5109—5110. sees. 1779; 1782. UW5 (19291, ch. 113. Laws (19331, ch. 200. Laws (1931). ch. 265. Laws (1935). chs. 123; 221. Laws (1937), ch. 209.

Throckmorton's Code Ann. (1936), Throckmorton's Code Ann. (1936), Throckmorton's Code Ajin. Throckmorton's Code Ann. ^ecs. 1352-1352-15; 1642-1. sees. 1905—1909; 2931-2942; (1936), sees. 154-1-154-27; (1936), sees. 1359-12—

(panuarj' igjS'Supp. I, sees.' 1639- 2942-2—2949-4; 2960—2952. 154-67-154-53; 1349—1359- 1359-15b; 1369-31-1359-

1; 1639-3—1639-37. 45; 1871-1—1871-2; 2250. (January 1938 Supp.), sees. 1890-1-1890-32; 1359-12-

1359-16.

45; 2967—2968-1.

Const., sec. 13546 Stat. (1931). eh. 64, Arts. 1—8. Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.l, eh. Stat. (1931), eh. 35, sees.

Stat. (1931). chs. 14, Art. 4; Stat. (1938 Supp. 1, eh. 64, Art. 24, Art. 15A 7642—7543.

20, Art. 7; 26, Art. 10; 36, Art. 4. Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.l,

9. chs. 24, sees. 4715b, i, j. Stat. Ann. (1938 Supp.), ch. 14, z3,z20: 34, sees. 7348a— An. 4. 7348b.
248 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Table 38. —Citations to Statutory Provisions

Provisions granting relief and public

State General relief tables 1—5 Old age assistance tables 6—11

Blind assistance

tables 12-17

Aid to dependent children

in their own hones tables 18—21

Oregon Code Ann. (1930), title XXVII, Code Ann. (1935 Supp.), Uws (1935 1st exJ, Uws (1937), ch. 288

sees. 27-1401—27-1409; 27-1501. title XXVII, ch. XXXVII. ch. 60. Code Ann. (1935 Supp. 1 , title Laws (1937), chs. 287; 309. Uws (1937), chs. XXVII, ch. XIV. 258; 287; 334. Laws (1935 1st ex. ), ch. 55. Laws (1937), ch. 287.

Pennsylvania Purdon's Stat. (1936), title 51, sec. 1. Laws (1937), chs. 396—397; 399.

Uws (1937), chs. 398—399. Uws (1937), ch.

399. Uws (1937), chs. 397; 399 _

Rhode Island Const., Art. II, sec. 4 Pub. Laws (1935), ch. 2191. Pub. Laws (1936), Pub. Uws (1936 1st ex.).

Gen. Laws (1923); chs. 104—106; Pub. Laws (1936 1st ex.), ch. 2428. ch. 2437.

292. ch. 2437.

Pub, Laws (1926), ch . 842. Pub. Laws (1937), ch. 2514.

Pub. Laws (1930), ch. 1580. Pub. Uws (1938), chs. 2620;

Pub. Laws (1931), ch. 1885. 2623.

Pub. Laws (1933), chs. 2011; 2015.

"

Pub. Laws (1934), ch. 2114.

Pub. Laws (1936), ch. 2312.

Pub. Laws (1936 Ist ex. ) , ch. 2453. Pub. Laws (1937) , chs. 2494; 2532.

South Carolina -- Const., Arts. 2, sec. 6; 3, sec. Ojnst., Art. 3, sec. 32 — Const., Art. 3, sec. Const. , Art. 3, sec. 32 —

32; 12, sec. 3. Acts (1937), No. 319. 32. Acts (1937). Nos. 22; 319. Code (1932), sees. 3848—3856; Acts. (1938), Nos. 972, sec. Acts (1937), No. 4966—4977. 23; 1073. 319. Acts (1937). No. 319.

South Dakota Comp. Laws Ann. (1929), sees.

191; 7'694; 10035—10065.

Laws (1931), ch. 251. Uws (1933), chs. 159; 181. Laws (1933 1st ex.), ch. 12. Laws (1935), chs. 80; 98. Laws (1937). ch. 85.

Laws (1937), ch. 220 Uws (1937). ch. 222.

Laws (1937). ch. 221

Tennessee Code (1932), sees. 845; 4792— Code (1937 Cum. Supp.!, Code (1937 Cum. Code (1937 Cum. Supp. )

,

4830; 10242(3)—10242(4). sees. 4988(1) —4988(20). Supp. )

, sees. sees. 844(1 )—844(15);

Laws (1935), ch. 1. Laws (1937 2d ex.), ch. 9. 4988(21)—4988(41). 4746(1!—4746(15). Laws (1937), ch. 47.

Texas Vernon's Stat. (1936), Arts. 1626; 2351; 2954—2955; 4438; 4440.

Vernon's Stat. (1936), Arts. 6243-1(1!— 6243-1(20).

Gen. Uws (1937),

ch. 435, sees. 1,

Vernon's Stat. (1936).

sec. 6228.

Gen. Laws (1937), ch. 435, sec. Gen. Laws (1937), ch. 435, 4. 11—22, 31—35, Gen. Uws (1937), ch. 435,

28. sees. 1. 4(d!. 12, 36. 40—48. sees. 1, 4, 23-27, 31—

41.

Utah- Rev. Stat. Ann. (1933), sees. 15-8-74; 19-5-54—19-5-67; 91- 0-1—91-0-2.

Laws (1937), chs, 88; 90.

Laws (1937), chs. 88—90 ._- Uws (1937), chs.

88; 90. Uws (1937), chs. 88; 90..

Vermont Pub. Laws (1933), sees. 3918; Pub. Acts (1935). No. 82 — Pub. Acts (1935 1st Pub. Laws (1933), sees. 3920—3925; 3927; 3935-3949; Pub. Acts (1935 1st ex. ), ex.). No. 12. 5418; 6444; 5446—5447; 3951—3981; 3984—3995; 4088; No. 8. 5454.

5423; 5427. Pub. Acts (1937), Nos. 17; Pub. Acts (1935!, No. 131.

Pub. Acts (1935). Nos. 63; 76; 38, pt. IV, sec. 1; 65. Pub. Acts (1935 1st ex. ), 77; 80; 81. No. 11. Pub. Acts (1937), Nos. 9; 61—62:

120.

Virginia Const., sees. 18; 20; 23 Code Ann. (1938 Supp.), Code Ann. (1938 Code Ann. (1938 Supp.), Code Ann. (1936), sees. 82; ffic; sees. 1904(1); 1904(10) — Supp. ), sees. 1904 sees. 1904(1); 1904(4); 2773(24)—2773(36); 2795- 2813k. 1904(22); 1904(57)— 1904 (1); 1904(35) — 1904(7); 1904(25)—1904

Code Ann. (1938 Supp.), sees. (60); 1904(65); 1904(67). 1904(52); 1904 (34); 1904(57!— 1904(611: 1904(1); 1904(4); 1904(7); 1904 (57) —1904(60); 1904(67!.

(53) —1904(55); 1904(59)—1904 1904(62)— 1904

(60). (64); 1904(67).
BASIC TABLES • 249

Contained in Tables I—37—Cont i nued

asslstaace

Dependent and neglected children

(institutions and agencies)

tables 22—27

Code Ann. (19301, title XXXIII,

chs. VI—VII; IX. Laws (1935 1st ex. I, ch. 55. Laws (1937), c)is. 170; 236: 287.

Purdon's Stat. (1936), titles 11, chs. 2—7, 10; 16, sees. 611—

613, 3621; 50, sees. 10321—

10322; 71. sees. 593—595, 597, 600, 1473.

Gen. laws (1923), chs. 114; 404 _ Pub. Laws (1926), chs. 834-836;

842; 847; 860.

Pub. Laws (1928), ch. 1226. Pub. Laws (1929), ch. 1417.

Pub. Laws (1930), ch. 1574.

Pub. Laws (1935), ch. 2250.

Pub. Laws (1936 1st ex.), ch. 2437.

Pub. Laws (1938), ch. 2566.

Cbde (1932). sees. 243; 247; 255; 4989-4996; 5676—5682.

Acts (1937). No. 319.

Comp. Laws Ann. (1929), sees.

5374; 9968—9971; 9976; 9981. Laws (1937), ch. 219..

Code (1932), sees. 4585; 4587;

4599; 4647; 4712-4746; 4822; 10279; 10288.

Vernon's Stat . (1936), Arts. 603; 695a; 2329-2337; 3174; 3208—

3212: 3255—325&; 5132—5138a; 5139-5142a.

Gen. Laws (1937), chs. 435. sec.

7a; 492.

Rev. Stat. Ann. (1933). sees. 14-7-1—14-7-61: 14-8-1—14-8-8;

15-8-75; 19-5-55; 35-6-1—35-6-

15: 90-0-1—90-0-2.

Laws (1937), chs. 16: 88.

Pub. Laws (1933), sees. 471; 3442; 5415—5434: 5443—5444; 5446; "5448—5467; 5486; 5498. Pub. Acts (1937), Nos. 135—137.

Code Ann. (1936), sees. 19021; 19021<; 1902L; 1905—19226;

1930a— 1930c; 1935a—19351^1; 1945—1953m. Code Ann. (1938 Supp. ) , sees.

1902k: 1922b: 1953a.

Veteran relief tables 28—33

Code Ann. (1930) , title LXVI , chs. II— III.

(>)de Ann. (1935 Supp.), sees. 27-1414—27-1419; 66-509: 67-

1808; 68-2610; 69-107.

Purdon's Stat. ( 1936 ), titles 16, sees. 421-428; 36, sees. 257—

258; 51, chs. 8—9; 53, see. 15037; 62, see. 1829: 71, sees.

389, 391.

Gen. Laws (1923), ehs. 116—117.

Pub. Laws (1927), ehs. 960; 1025;

1145: 1188: 1227. Pub. Laws (1930), chs. 1555; 1560. Pub. Laws (1931). ehs. 1730; 1867.

Pub. Laws (1933). eh. 2025.

Pub. Laws (1935), eh. 2250.

encies administering relief and public assistance

State departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 34—35

Local departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 36—37

Const., Art. 13, sec. 5 Code (1932), sees. 2244—2245:

4978—4988; 5711; 8639—8658.

Code (1936 Supp.), sec. 2244.

Comp. Laws Ann. (1929), sec. 9948—9966.

Laws (1931). chs. 226-227.

Laws (1937), ch. 225.

Code (1932), sees. 4934—4988.-.

Code (1937 Cum. Supp.), sees. 2540(3)—2540(6); 4937; 4941:

4952; 4975(1): 4976(1).

Vernon's Stat. (1936), Arts. 603: 3174; 3176; 3213—3220; 6204: 6208—6227

.

Gen. Laws (1937), eh. 485.

Rev. Stat. Ann. (1933), sees. 98-2-1—98-2-5.

Pub. Laws (1933). sees. 3931-

3934: 5549—5551.

Pub. Acts (1935), No. 79. Pub. Acts (19371, No. 63.

Code Ann. (1936), sees. 19c: 60

51a: 2642-2672b: 5214. Code Ann. (1938 Supp.), sees. 1904(14); 1904(42).

Code Ann. (1935 Supp.), ch. XXVI. Laws (1935 1st ex. ), ehs. 55; 60. Laws (1937), chs. 264-265: 287—288; 309; 334.

Const., Art. VI Laws (1937), No. 395.

Gen. Laws (1923), chs. 108; 413.

Pub. Laws (1926), chs. 834—

836; 842: 847: 862.

Pub. Laws (1928), eh. 1151.

Pub. Uws (1929), ehs. 1412—

1413; 1417.

Pub. Laws (1932), ch. 1910. Pub. Laws (1933), eh. 2025.

Pub. Laws (1935), ch. 2260.

Pub. Laws (1936 lstex.),ch.

2437.

Pub. Laws (1937). ch. 2546,

Acts (1937), No. 319

Laws (1937). ehs. 219-222-

Code Ann. (1935 Supp. ), ch

.

XXVI. Laws (1935 1st ex.), chs.

65; 60. Laws (19371, chs. 288; 309; 334.

Laws (1937), Nos. 396: 399.

Gen. Laws (1923), ehs. 60; 105—106: 292.

Pub. Laws (1926), ch. 842.

Pub. Laws (1930), eh. 1580.

Pub. Laws (1931). eh. 1855.

Pub. Laws (1933), ehs. 2011; 2015.

Pub. Laws (1935), ch. 2250.

Pub. Laws (1936), eh. 2312.

Acts (1937). Nos. 240; 278;

319.

Laws (1937), ch. 220.

(jDde (1937 Cum. Supp. ) , sees. 844(1)—844(!5).

Vernon's Stat. (1936), Arts. 601—606; 690—695a; 842d (12)-843d(38); 3174—3183a;

5119; 5126.

Gen. Laws (1937). ch. 435, sees. 1— 10.

Laws (1935). eh. 69, sees. 1, 4—6.

Laws (1937). eh. 88. sees. 1—

3, 8. 13—15, 17.

Pub. Laws (1933). sees. 454—

464: 467; 471: 6415—5437; 5527-5531; 5562—5574; 8865—8872; 8875: 8915.

Pub. Acts .(1935 1st ex. ) , Nos. 11—12.

Code Ann. (1936), sees. 585

(66); 585(67); 585(87)— 585

(88): 1902a—1902o; 1903; 1930a; 1936a. Code Ann. ( 1938 Supp. ), sees. 1904(21-1904(5).

Gen. Laws (1937),

see. 29.

Laws (1937). ch. 88, sees. 1, 7, U—12, 15—16.

Code Ann. 1 1936 ), sees. 1902 (D—1902(0).

(ibdeAnn. (1938 Supp.), sees. 1904(6)— 1904(9).
250 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Table 38. —Citations to Statutory Provisions

State

Provisions granting relief and public

General relief tables 1 —

5

01(1 age assistance tables 6—11

Blind assistance

tables 12—17

Aid to dependent children

in their own homes tables 18—21

Washington

West Virginia ._

Wisconsin ,

Wyoming .

Alaska .

District of Columbia.

Havfai

Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. 119321, sec. 9986. Laws (19371, chs. Ill; 180.

Code (1931), ch. 9, Arts. VI—Til

as enacted by Acts ( 1936 1st

ex. I , ch. 1 and Acts (1937), ch.

73.

Stat. (1937). sees. 49.01—49.21:

59.03; 59.08(17): 61.19—61.20;

61.34; 62.11. Laws (1937 1st ex. I, ch. 14.

Laws (1937), ch. 88

Comp, Laws (1933). sees. 1771 —

1814. Laws (1937 1st ex.), chs. 3; 5.

Code (1929), title 8, sees. 6, 10, 23, 231, 235.

Laws (1937). ch. 259A, sees. 1, 12, 44-52.

Laws (1935). cli. 182

Laws (1937), chs. Ill; 156;

180.

Code (1931), ch. 9, Art. V as enacted by Acts (1936

1st ex.), ch. 1.

Stat. (1937), sees. 49.20—

49.38; 49.50—49.51.

Laws (1937 1st ex. )

,' ch. 7.

Laws (1937), ch. 88

Laws (1937 1st ex. ) , chs. 2—3; 8—9.

Code (1937 Supp. ), title

30, sees. 21—35.

Laws (1937), ch. 259A,secs.

1, 12—25, 28, 33—37, 49, 51—56.

Laws (1937), chs.

Ill; 132; 180.

Laws (1937), chs. 114; 180

Code (1931). ch. 9, Art. V as enacted

by Acts (1936 1st

ex, ) , ch. 1 and

Acts (1937), ch. 75.

Stat. (1937), sees. 47.08—47.09; 49.50—49.51.

Laws (1937), ch. 88-.

Code (1931), ch. 9, Art.

V as enacted by Acts (1936

1st ex. ), ch. 1.

Stat (1937), sees. 48.33; 49.51.

Laws (1937), ch.

Laws (1937 Lst exj. Comp. Laws (1933). sees

ch. 3. 1821-1822.

Laws (1937 1st ex.

)

chs

3; 6.

Code (1937 Supp.), Code (19291, title 8, sees

title 30, sees. 91—100. 1—16.

Laws (1937), ch. Laws (1937), ch. 259A 259A, sees. 1, sees. 1, 12, 14—24 27-

12-24, 26, 28, 31, 35, 37, 51-54

32—37, 51, 52, 54—56.
BASIC TABLES • 251

Contained in Tables I —37—Continued

assistance

Dependent and neglected children (institutions and agencies!

tables 22—27

Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. (19321, sees. 1987-1: 1987-3; 1987-8-1987-10: U238.

Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. (1935 Supp. I

,

sees. 17(X1-1; 10802-2.

Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. (1936 Supp. I, sees. 1700-1—17C0-6. Laws (19371, chs. 114; 180: 230.

Cbde (19311, ch. 49, Arts. I—III, V—VI as enacted by Acts (1936

1st ex. 1 , ch. 1. Code (1931), ch. 26, Arts. I—II. Acts (19371, ch. 73.

Stat. (19371, sees. 45.01—46.04:

46.16; 46.18; 48.01—48.22;

48.28-48.32: 48.35 —48.50;

59.0S(9al.

Rev. Stat. Ann. (1931), chs. 20, Arts. 1—2, 4—5; 103, sees. 102,

105: 108, sec. 703.

Rev. Stat. Ann. (1934 Supp. ) , ch. 108. sec. 703. Laws (19371, chs. 25: 88.

Comp. Laws (1933). sees. 1911—

1921. Laws (1937 1st ex.), chs. 6; 12.

Ctode (1929) titles 8, sees. 8, 10—11, 14—24, 70, 111, 128—129,

185, 218; 18. sees. 251—288.

Rev. Laws (1935), sees. 4538; 4610-4613: 4615: 4621. Laws (1937), chs. 133; 269A, sees.

1, 7—9, 30, 53.

Veteran relief tables 28-33

Const., Art. X, sec. 3 Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. (1932). sees. 10727-10758.

Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. (1936 Supp. ), sees. 10730; 10737-1.

Laws (1937), ch. 203, sees. 1—3.

Code (19311. ch. 9, Art. VIII as enacted by Acts (1936 1st ex.),

ch. 1.

Stat. (19371, sees. 45.07—45.277;

49.01; 60.17; 142.09—142.10.

Rev. Stat. Ann. (19311, chs. 100, Art. 3; 108, Art. 13.

gencies administering relief and public assistance

State departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 34—35

Local departments of public welfare (boards and executives) tables 36—37

Rem. Rev. Stat. Ann. (1935

Supp.), sees. 1700-1—1700-4:

9992-45: 10786-5: 10786-7;

10802-2: 10802-5.

Laws (19371, chs. Ill; 114: 132: 156; 180; 224: 231.

Acts (1936 1st ex. I, ch. 1 .

Stat. (19371, sees, 47.09:

48.33; 49.38; 49.50.

Laws (19371, ch.

Laws (1937 1st ex. ), chs. 3; 5—6.

Code (1929), titles 6, sec.

409: 8, sees. 1—25, 42, 91, 258, 276. Code (1937 Supp.), titles 8, sec. 3: 20, sees. 1, 23.

Laws (19371. ch. 259A, sees. 1—9, 24, 38—44, 48—56.

Laws (19371 . ch. 18

8, 11.

sees.

Acts (1936 1st ex. 1 , ch. 1.

Stat. (19371, sees. 49.37; 49.51.

Laws (19371. ch. 88.

Laws (19371, ch. 259A, sees.

1, 10—14, 24, 44.

Appendix B

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

The following supplementary tables make current as of January 1, 1939, the in- formation contained in the original tables in appendix A. In general, the legislation tabulated in the original tables is presented as of July 1, 1933. However,

because copies of new laws were not obtained at an early enough date, legislation

in New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Ohio which was in effect on July 1, 1938, was

not included. The legislation in these States along with legislation enacted

after July 1, 1938, in California, Illinois, Louisiana, and Massachusetts is in- cluded in the supplementary tables. The effective dates are indicated in footnotes.

Tlie supplementary tables are dupligates of the original tables with respect to form and terminology. They have been numbered to conform with the numbering of

the original tables, but only those tables which have been changed by new legislation are included. Changes have been indicated by citations to the laws effecting

them. The following table indicates the States and tables for which the original set

of tables must be supplemented by the second set in order to show the provisions

as of January 1, 1939.

State General

relief

Old age assistance

Blind

assistance

Aid to dependent children in their own liomes

State or local

boards of

public welfare

Supplementary table numbers

California _. 1, 5 Illinois 37. Lousiana

Massachusetts

1

5

5, 7, 9, 10, 11.12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.

18, 21 34, 36, 37.

New Jersey __ 6, 7, 8, 10, 11. Ohio . . _ 1, 2, 5 . 35. Rhode Island . 12, 13, 14,

15, 16.

253
254 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES • 255

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Ot a

CO a

e

•^

u* o

ai a. --H tft

t tU OJ >3

(0 m ft

K1 ft) n> V rrt

1-1 w

n irt

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rt «-• 0' Tl

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t-> fi •M <ii 11 c ~

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t/l a) in a c^ 1^ c a

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ifl CQ in f-i (= to o •r

j3 E QJ _ c3 (- t,

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», 12.
256 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

o •-

<v a e s

.rt ^ 4-. o

> en u

oi >, & o

C4 Q. ii CL

« iS t^ & ^

T3 U

o ^

O tn •

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^ h-" <i: o nj

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^ r-i

>^

>-:>

<u 0' >

*-•

Oil UJ

(/) If) 13

OJ ft

nj c o

*- t=

in « w

4-. tJ I-' O
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES • 257

1 i. 1 D 1

too

'-' tf

01 E D

nj«

>

-o *( a

rt w

o a

a

«J p-a

(A

01 11 < u t-" V) rt E

<

D .. g

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ri J=

t-* o

tiu .-1 i- H P. O

P- & -a:

rt

=J a

CT< a e rt a -a OJ 2 ;:; S u "^'^ $,'C t, TJ rt -" *^ o- -S L, '^ 5 <-> W- .-H £) .t^ OJ u .ii; -H o

Ul rt aO

S3

(U

. c^

Applica

convict

of

felo

withi

perioi

specif

i

prior applicat

*-* O e -o

ican ed

t

port

Ldre: der

ifie ge

.-< r-l Q- C U (U a- -H P V = flj a- ri w r; p-

"O ,n u ° s dj

n

fo per: yea to tion

>v m

„.j

2 « 2 *- 2

Deser

specif: within

pr

appl o "1

i "* '

(4 I OJ 8

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c=QJ n

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(U n- Ph

138640 0—39- -18
258 » STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

" 10

— oj

."So

<t IX3

Co

-iH

tne

In

need

of

continuing

institutional care

o

X

Public

or

private

institution

ft +->

<L> m

O

O c

» «

?

?i

(Tl

n

of

edp Govt 4j o >- ^ c

:: g

«

c o

dJ

For

reco Fedei u

t- t- ft O o 1^ in o.

T3 w ° -o ^ -o g « 0,

flj ^ 1- CO (LI >

Rat intf cha on rant reco

II

overy

in

ases

of

represen-

.lion

or

icealment

income

or

roperty

^ u « TM g ft

u 1 QJ TP 1 OJ

(u ri

(-. C H-- ft i o 3

4!

o; ° 8

Qj u

dj ^ a 01

1-. (ti o o o C —

L' O <-> ft (0 rt 5 a cfl 1- 1

(D ^J rf rf t- CO e u u 0) iH u Oj

l- ^

>l —1

rt K

a

3

.- E o

u tfl Oi i- -a

<u to OJ <fl a ft O 1 g

3 ft QJ in a

o o ^ t- ft s.° t^ rt 69 E

nJ to OJ lU u in t- ri c

0) a (d to «- c: <U U

o iH a> o ft o «

£) t» 1- u 3 -a

to n)

S3

1) O CJ

0) U "O ft I- o o u o e to It- rf o dJ o to 1)

cfl a C (0 8 J3 a "2

<u £> O <L' > «' E to to nj' e o t- c rt E '^ CO 1—] (U Oj <ij 3

ft ft QJ >» ft *-• > o <u rf <D U O .-1 8

t/) >^ o o «/3 ni OJ O £> W

z z

<u e *- c: ,^ ^ O rt) o ^ 2. O t- w ft *-- .r' o v^ « 3 (fl n

OJ (D 4> jj ^ x:

covery

in

cases

lere

recipient

:oines

possessed

t

property

or

come

in

excess

need

or

amount,

aled

in

application

1

<l^ 5 QJ ° = -M •- ce ^ •- o w x:

1 V.

uiremen assign

ent

or

nsfer

o

roperty

a' I- E ri Q, ca •-. i-j s:

E 2 S S S'S

^ ;:l 0) CD I- ^

^ '^^ QJ ft £a OJ *-

;: ?^ &Q oj 4) t- 5

g,

>" « I. I. I.

"=i

3

;

IIJ

>-J x

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<fl fj

fl] t- CO

to

§

•-3

3:

to -O

CN n ^^ o —

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rO V- (0 O

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i 3

5 m °

-rH ^H *^

i-l ft 3

ft 3 XI ft E

I- d) C O l- O ^-I n

ft T) O 3
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES • 259

.i i

Q •r4

liJ K

\n to o

i^ "^K, ;*- H M

u T? r- -o o a a co *-!

tf) <U •" o '

(_ tn .rj n J

Cs

= (U QJ 'Spa t- 2 ^

•-> P a

n3 01 <u

£5

01 m

Ei::

aio m m frt <7. o

rrt Q «

> .3

0^4-' O n) a

* rt " O " tJ O *J tfl -o —

(u ij CO tn x) _ CO

1 p Qj oi ri P n) 0>

(J tJ x; Ck "M O rH ^ -H t»i I

^-

(ft u St &

nj (L> crt

- 3

fcj -r^ O tfl

c c- (= J3

*j rt

ii

tJ w

01 o

•o 0) 01

o

(rt u « w ^ s *

p in 01

01 fO 01

m fl. (rt

trt r/-) •-J

(J

1-

<u S

Ui in fj

« r> ?

P. p ^

f) Ql H s (Tl Q) m >% rn n ii

u;<M u w nj *

H
260 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

S ^J OJ ^J

a; (0 E O

o ^ a 3 S ^

o I,

n5 0>

c •-3

>

H

S, M

:^is?

: - -s — r- o>

ro K --I r-i ,H

t- a. o t- "-3

O (/) ~

ly o CO - >. 2 to

S -" 5

~

a, u — >-J

(U O4 +^ X3

i_i -^ &i U 3

M to * U3

8.:;

[/J U 0)

•4-i O I- J3 e 6

° -3

*j e o >= ^ X3

o u o <-
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES • 261

a

*-•

"M

(d

o'

OJ

«i

oj E

Applicant

may

be

required

to

undergo

operation

or

treatment

X

Applicant

must

not

solicit alms X

in

in

OJa1

.0

.2

<V

Applicant

has

no

vision,

orvision

with

correcting

glasses

is

so

defective

as

to

prevent

performance

of

ordinary

activities

for

which

eyesight

is

essential."*

No

vision

or

vision

with

correcting

glasses

is

20/200

or

less

or

has

disqualifying

visual

field

defect.

a1

td8

An

applicant

must

actually

reside

in

the

parish

in

which

the

application

is

made,

CO

N c

U.

S.

citizen- ship

CD

i

s

a.

3

is _

-0

inu

n) .

'

q

Q

3 S

1

O. a

-3 (4 <i

<1' Oj -o

*-> i >?

-r^ . — -«= T3 CO

CD ^-t :

4_, n) m PI

.,H

v-" Kl <LI U c

rH (U nr

tT n

(1> V-. Q^ Cd

ifl >

t-. l- .i-i

a OJ W c: 1) J3 (D 0' >. n OJ QJ

4) J3 •-'

lO n) ^j <J > '

^ CO ^ 4-^ 0)

01 > O S a nj 3

.-HO (d nJ o G — l^ a h-1 u '-* D- O .,-1 ,-1 (-

[fl .H . .—I D( O

4-- <v *-' -O & &

4) a> ,

i-H .< D4-1 (U "-3 4) j3 4-> H p^ >, U

^ Oj qj OJ 4)

«) > in e <M « -I O ^M

41 .,*-'*-• u cd ^ CO o o cj —

r-l ,-H 4) OJ X) & a; iH --' 4) • <a -< w (0 > —

ro 4j e aj
262 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Suppiementary fable 14-, —Need Qual i f i cat ions for Blind Assistance

Applicanl must

not have disposed

of property to qualify

State

Limitations on property

Limitations on iDcome Applicant has no person liable

and able to support him

Louisiana

Rhode Island^

{').

(^)-

Within 5 years

.

Vfitbin 5 years .

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

^The provisions contained in table 14, appendix A, relating to limitations on property and income haVe been repealed.' Acts (1933), No. 359. (Effective July 27, 1938.) ®Pub. Laws (1938), ch. 2622. (Effective July 1, 1938.) ^Applicant is ineligible if he has property or income in excess of amount needed for reasonable subsistence compatible with decency and health.

'Supplementary Table i5.—Types of Aid Received or Needed Which Disqualify Applicants for

Bl i nd Assi-stance

Louisiana

Rhode Island^ -

Assistance

Other public

assistance

Old age assistance

(*)

Institutional aid

Public or private

institution

Public

institution

In need of con- tinuing insti- tutional care

C).

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

^Except temporary medical and surgical assistance.

^Acts (1938), No. 359, sec. 4(c). (Effective July 27, 1938.)

''Pub. laws (1938), ch. 2622. (Effective July 1, 1938.) *Applicant must not be receiving old age assistance. ^Applicant mast not be an inmate of any public institution at time of receiving assistance.

^Applicant must not be in need of continuing institutional care or other kinds of aid and service which

are reasonably available.

Suppiementary Table 16. -Provisions for Recovery From Recipients and Their Estates for Blind Assistance Granted

State

For total

cunount of assistance

Exemptions

Lou is iana Rhode Island^

X'

X* Realty of recipient while occupied by surviving spouse.

X indicates that the provision applies without limitation in a given State.

'Acts (1938), No. 359, sees. 17, 18, 19, 20. (Effective July 27, 1938.) ^Costs of administration of the estate and reasonable funeral expenses are allowed. No claim is enforceable ag^ainst real estate of recipient while occupied as a home by the surviving spouse , achild , or children,

nor againsVany personal or real property of less than $100 in value. The cost of assistance may be recovered

from the relatives of a recipient if they are legally responsible for his support and able to furnish snch

support. Acts (1938), No. 359, sees. 17, 18, 19, 20. (Effective July 27, 19J8. ) *Pub. Laws (1938), ch. 2622. (Effective July 1. 1938.) 'Any assistance paid after the recipient has come into possession of property or income in excess of amount

stated in the application, and such property or income in excess of his need shall be recoverable by the State as a debt due the State. On the death of any recipient, the total amount of assistance paid shall be allowed as a claim against the estate of such person.
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES • 263

Procedure

in

case

of

insufficiency

of

State

funds

State

contribution

based

on

amount

of

funds

available.

<n oa

<u

rt COo

ao

'i

1-

*->

'o

1 State

reimburses

parish

for

75

percent

of

cost

of

assistance

and

50

percent

of

administrative

costs.

State

disburses

funds

to

individuals

O Ulc

0) o

u f^ s s

H

a

|1

a -•

OJ Vi 1 a- (d

iTJ —

ap3

"J CO 75

percent.* X

Governmental

unit

determining

amount

of

individual

grant o

Parish

—

State

Provision

for

removal

of

disability

Temporary

assistance.^

(')

So

'

Minimum allowance

(per

month

unless otherwise specified)

Maximum allowance

(per

month

unless otherwise specified).

co

Louisiana

Rhode

Island^

.

*-• 0) e

i . s

t- Qj 2 -M oj 01

-, "

o cS

1-. Vl

CO QJ 4J C O

a::!-

ttl v- Mb *-> 0) C) Q Cj

l-l

?^

.-1 cd rT^ii^

S.^^

n) m

-* in « CO

-a —

0) ^

o rt

E CO -O

I O to '-' O CJ> flJ

I - rH P- S - "

a t^ -^

£3 iD V

n) in O la id

3 Sn a p 01 Qj U % CJ XI c^

irt n! to 01 (d dJ

a D if)
264 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

1 p i: .S .2 •; p

^ % $ a ^ .2f M I-. riP<

<U •O" tL- > t3

Q

com

int

b:

rson ther = 1

rt .^ ^^&o

X) ^

P

O P 0) P

S *- (U ^ £ rt e o

E

a:

'> o) i-- dj rf p

ce; >- & S ^

o —

^

O P ^ p ^ 3 rt S

S '-^ '^ I- oi & 2 a a; «3 OJ >a •o X

• iH H I-. --H 1 O 4, O

ao

'

4-' (*P

0) g ^ a" £1

•M T3 o

o g s

U

<u .s p

(X

OJ &

po

1-. o

to>

E

t-< <U o

<u •a *-• a

"' . «ja 5 1^

•-4

tlO «J V. p o iC ^ u

Kl en

P-.

t^

>. o

If) ^ t

Cj J3 &

C/2 o&

COo

1 ^ SH > £. bo O

Ph o ^

^^ irt

^"^ e /,

4)

part

men

el

fare

depart welfare t3 O

Si ^ -^ u

Ci CO -"

(L> , , ""^ ""^ i^ "-^ t. £i

rf - -^ P

*j ^ a a

CO iH°^ e:

cu

nj rtp w

to

O

"1 1

v-> a C3Q Pj tio

I CO 01 •

1 -H 3ll (.

r — tn <fl S

i "-s CJ 0) I

— ?; -iH >i

' &J nj

1 .—( r-1 O O CJ

) ro w o >j

c£i (fl ro

m t- to ,_, n)

cd n p m

n (- T

ffl >

ci, 01

!« 4-'

t<i P

C rn

-n —

1

<D -D

P O I- o

n

*-• t O

fO rn in

OJ 0)

QC CO

tj ... a

*-• ^ O

x; E o -<

Procedure

in

case

of

insufficiency

of

State

funds

o

ao

*-' P to XI TD —H a

(-. P

4-' <H

•rt OJ :bO W

m

State

reimburses

parish

66^

percent

of

cost

of

assistance

and

50

percent

of

administrative

costs.

^

O yi

S 1

Is

§

a

^1 Z^^^

percent

(parish).

p5

CD

CO

Governmental

unit

determining

amount

of

individual

grant o

to 5

fa

at

r-l '-' IICQ ^

w"

nj O is

X P

a

tp

o

nj O

U

3

o

1

c

flj

O

a

01p

O

O CO —

C P CDS

*J i 4) (0

c) ^ *-< •J li rf O

rH .-H *j «:

p .-* J p rt i eg (i :

O i-i 44 C7>

^-^ 0) .-I -H Q 0) >i 3 t. -

I- *-( tCO u .-( CO "-^ J3 >-

OJ ^ -' --I U «J CO 3
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES • 265

« '

4J -a . 1 'o-:l% °

vision

f

ng

vacan

ed

by

de

Lgnation, removal

Pro

iin re

at

res:

*^ o^n)O

Gu —

O S <M 3

a

o

[>

01 N

>

o£

3

-3

0)>

U

01 H

d oa o

CU

04

nJ to aO ^

a

irt o

t-j

<fl +ja^ ^

"?

*- OJ 4)

Ui <yD U .-1 « lU T3 (1) a li (l> "M O 4) -H -1 in w i (u s g

^

ri «; u T3 ^ U • 11> -.H «

gaiz

and

publ H blem

rt3 o o o

OS

; i .2 OJ 3 ^ « 12 a

X

ed

1 ^ <u cr > fe J3 a w t-i ca O O _, (U ^ rt c o o

>. (L> ^ O CO

1 o

>

T3 I-" O U P3 U -^ f .H rt

flj <V E cn m o 5 X

c

JS (-. ;

c

C O <Do 6

^

1 '^

Rotat- ing

(number of years)

4- B >w

4J O J

E m

1 L. "E I « , |so|i^ lO ^

Name

of

3verning

or

advisory board

•a o

3

Boar ubli

re.

«

a, ro C

ClD CO 1

(U V £1 CJ « s ^ ^

(-.3 1*

' ft V. ( 0) SH <—

I

c Q O QJ o rt « ^^^ 4

!U ^ *j a u ^ !> n] qj .r^ S

"^ z C/D

nJ

rt a

nJ CO

inO

>

O (U

a 3

V (L>.

0) C

a CD o io
266 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

uo

a n] o >

in B g

t

4-> aS

ao

aO

oH

n] H

E

o

n)o

>M n

" a O N

t- --' o u

CQ

a

o

dja

E

a

41P. &

II

OJo

o

o

tog

t-J O

O « -M OS O "In

Number of

mem

be

rs

lO

Name

of

board

O

01

•11

QJ M

aH

CO

So* 3

. -= - OJ o to C- 3

:z -iH cy a

-«]>>•-> — P, r-4 a

CD 3 O

rO 0) "-3 O

I « 0) 0) *J M O > U d

u. o i) *j c^

^ <i^ ^ i .

<U f) u a

CO O s O

JJ — I-" IL> g-2 g s

CO Qj O C/O

? ^ QJ •n C^l >. >.

Qi -n

k>

Cl T

1- 1) M u

0) O ffl (^

OJ>

i!

Ck. (0 a

OJ OJ J

Ih a a

01 u a e

'oj O u

04 d

*-* a,

OJ •d o U

01

OJ i

n] CO

CO <u o

>» o (4 o

x>

(4o W

1 OJ u.

(fl

J= 2

(U u

Ifl 0> o OJ (-. o >. o<

(0a3

to

i

COao

to

OJ "JU

«j u o3

eu) o 3

0) a*

.-1 CO OJ OJ 0) n

a 1

+j 3 m o to 3

=: 3:

*-u

nJOi ao

01 t3u

n)(i nl

0)a tJo p

1 >. cS J3s S

M OJ

ao

Appoint- ed

by

local

board

of

public

welfare

u

OJ

CO s

1

Appoint ed

by

local govern- ing body

'

, -^ 9 1 Appoim ed

by

State Department

of

Pub:

Welfar X

i»

OJ

t-J OJ (d o

00w^ o o".

SH t^ o

i2 £ 2

B

3 U

n) CO OJ m O (d u

t-i >» OJ .«

m o

o

o;> OJ 3

=1 T3a

0) ^ o V Oj t< H u o

OJ

Ui n) o

0)a.3

OJ

tL> ^ 4> "O 01

v^ >, ^ J= (fl

£-•

*-> r-l tn ""^ a J3 3 1-. 0) o a. (U u o Dj

OJ

"i n 3

CZl o

a to 1

a — u H CD 01 J « u

a oi -" o ^ -a

3

8 S
Appendix

SUMMARIES OF STATE PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC

WELFARE AND CHARTS OF STATE AND LOCAL

PUBLIC WELFARE AGENCIES

The following charts of State agencies and institutions performing public welfare

functions indicate brief ly the public welfare structure within each State and the names of the agencies and institutions performing public welfare functions. The

summaries of statutory provisions for public welfare which accompany each chart

and which are to be read in conjunction with the chart indicate very briefly the

functions performed by the agencies and institutions contained in the chart. The organizational charts are restricted to the legal and constitutional structure within the State. They do not indicate the extent to which divisions and bureaus have been established within particular agencies unless such divisions

and bureaus are created by law. The lines joining the boxes on the charts indicate

mainly the legal lines of control over agencies and institutions performing public

welfare functions on both the State and local levels.

Functions which are uniformly considered to be of a public welfare nature and consistently included in the charts and summaries are those v^hich provide for

dependent, handicapped, defective, and delinquent persons. Provisions for the relief of dependency included in the charts and summaries

are: general relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own

homes, blind assistance, care of dependent and neglected children by agencies and

institutions, ajid veteran relief.^

Functions performed for the welfare of handicapped and defective persons included

in the charts and summaries are: care and treatment of the insane and feebleminded and epileptic persons; and services to the blind.

The charts and summaries include the following provisions for delinquents: the

care, confinement, and reformation of juvenile and adult delinquents; and the administration of paroles and probation.

All agencies concerned with the administration of any of the above functions

have been uniformly included in the organizational charts. In some instances

agencies and institutions which are performing one or more of the above functions

are also responsible for the administration of functions which inmost States have

not been brought within the public welfare structure. For the purpose of this

study, these functions have been included in the summaries only when their administration is placed within an agency or institution which is performing one or more of the functions consistently considered to be of a public welfare nature. These functions include the care of crippled children; maternal and child health;

education of the deaf, dumb, and blind; vocational rehabilitation; and the care

of tuberculars. The absence of these functions from a particular summary does

not indicate that they are not being undertaken by somelother State department,

such as the Department of Health or Department of Education.

^In a Jew States assistance to veterans la not restricted to those actually In need.

267
268 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

ALABAMA

Relief and Public Assistance.—The State Department of Public Welfare in con- junction with the county departments of public welfare is authorized toadminister

or supervise general relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their

(Mn homes, and blind assistance.^

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Welfare must, through the bu- reau of child welfare, advise with judges and probation officers of the juvenile courts and aid in the work of the courts; it must visit and inspect all institutions caring for dependent, neglected, or delinquent children and license those

not under State ownership. The State department through the bureau of child welfare likewise must establish and maintain homes or other agencies for the care

of such children and receive children committed to it. The county departments of public welfare must, if appointed by courts of competent jurisdiction, perform

the functions of probation officers in cases of such children. County departments

must cooperate with the State department and other agencies caring for children

and direct the care of dependent, neglected, delinquent , or otherwise handicapped

children and such other child welfare activities as are delegated to the county

departments by the State department or its bureau of child welfare. State pensions to veterans are administered by the State Pension Commission

assisted by the probate judge acting as county pension commissioner. County relief

to veterans is administered by the court of county commissioners, county board of revenue, or other county governing body. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of control of the home. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The case of a delinquent child more than 14 years of age, not subject to reformation, may be transferred to any other court having jurisdiction of the offense with which the child is charged. Delinquent girls may be committed to the State Training School for Girls. The Boys' State Industrial

School receives delinquent white boys committed to it by courts or by voluntary

commitment. Delinquent Negro children, with the exception of criminals over 15 years of age, may be committed to the State Reform School for Juvenile Negro Law

Breakers.

Services to the Blind. —The State Board of Education^ must maintain a bureau of information to aid blind persons, whose training is not otherwise provided for,

in finding employment , in developing home industries, and in marketing their products. It may furnish materials, tools, books, and home instruction. The board

is authorized to maintain a register of blind persons in the State, describing

causes of blindness and capacity for education and industrial training of each blind person.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —Insane persons are committed by probate courts

to the Bryce and Searcy State Hospitals for the Insane (for white and colored

persons, respectively). Idiots, imbeciles, feeble-minded persons, or morons, any

of whom may be epileptic but not violent or insane, are committed by juvenile

courts, if minors , or by probate courts if adults to the Partlow State School for

Mental Deficients. The State Epileptic Colony receives epileptic children and

adults (exclusive of criminals, inebriates, or violently insane persons); they are admitted by voluntary agreement in the case of pay patients or committed by

probate courts in the case of indigents. The State Department of Public Welfare

must provide a mental hygiene program of noninstitutional care in the interest of preventive work and general mental hygiene activities.

The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate with, and act as the agent of, the Fed- eral Government in puhllc welfare matters of mutual concern.

gSee discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State and county departments of public welfare in relation to children.

The State Board of Education supervises educational work of all charitable, penal, reformatory,

and chlld-carlng Institutions, maintained in whole or in part by the State, through the State superintendent of education who Is a member of the governing boards of institutions which have

charge of such work.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 269

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Adult Delinquents. —The State Board of Administration has general supervision

and control of the State and county convicts in State prisons and prison camps.*

State convicts under 18 years of age are segregated from others and placed in a reformatory. The State Pardoning Board must examine applications made to the Governor for paroles, pardons, or commutations of sentences and must make recom- mendations thereon to the Governor. Crippled Children. —The State Board of Education, through its division of voca- tional education, must administer State and Federal funds for services to crippled

children.

The State Board or Administration also has charge of the care, custody, equipment, repairing.

Insurance, and accounting ol an property ot the State, except the properties of educational,

charitable, and eleemosynary Institutions, which are under the management of their own boards

of trustees.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 271

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

ARIZONA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by county boards

of social security and public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Soc±al Security and Welfare. Boards of county supervisors maintain homes, poor farms, and hospitals , and they are charged with the administration of provisions for hospitalization and care of the indigent sick, except provisions for care of such persons in the State Welfare Sanatorium. ^ Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered

by the State Department of Social Security and Welfare assisted by county boards

of social security and public welfare.® The State department must also supervise

agencies and institutions (except those operated by the Board of Directors of State Institutions) caring for dependent or physically handicapped or aged adults,

and it has authority to approve the incorporation of charitable agencies. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the superior courts which control and supervise county detention homes receiving dependent and neglected children. The State Department of Social Security

and Welfare with the assistance of county boards of social security and public

welfare administers all child welfare activities including licensing and supervision of private and local public child-caring agencies and institutions.

Direct relief toveterans is administered by the Veterans' Relief Commission.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Superior courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinguent children and may commit such children to their parents, to a reputable

citizen, to an association or institution, to county detention homes, or to the

State Industrial School for Juvenile Offenders. The State Department of Social

Security and Welfare supervises the care and training of delinquent children. The

Board of Directors of State Institutions may assign a delinquent girl to any institution with which it has made arrangements for the care of such children.

Services to the Blind, —The State Department of Social Security and Welfare must develop agencies or cooperate with agencies already established to provide services to the blind. These services include prevention of blindness, location of blind persons, medical services for eye conditions, vocational guidance and training of the blind, placement of blind persons in employment, and instruction of adult blind in their homes. Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Hospital for the Insane provides care

and treatment for insane persons committed by superior courts. The superior courts

commit to the Colony for Mentally Deficient Children those minors who are so mentally deficient that they are incapable of managing themselves and whose intelli- gence will not develop. The State Department of Social Security and Welfare must supervise all agencies and institutions caring for the mentally handicapped except State institutions operated by the Board of Directors of State Institutions.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Prison provides for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons and Paroles has power to pass upon

and recommend to the Governor the granting of reprieves, commutations, pardons,

and paroles.

Crippled Children. —The State Department of Social Security and Welfare is re- sponsible for the administration of services for children who are crippled or suffering from conditions which lead to crippling. These services include locating such children and providing medical, surgical, corrective, and other care and facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare. The State department

must supervise the administration of services included in the program that are not eidministered directly by the department. It must cooperate with medical, health,

nursing, and welfare groups and organizations, and with any State agency administering laws providing for vocational rehabilitation of physically handicapped

children.

Government In furtherance of any functions of the State department and must also act as the official agency of the State In any welfare activity initiated by the Federal Government.
272 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 273

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

ARKANSAS

Relief and Public Ass Istance.—General relief is provided by two programs, one administered by the State Department of Public Welfare through county or district

departments of public welfare and the other by county courts. Old age assistance,

aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered

by the State Department of Public Welfare assisted by the county or district board

of public welfare.' The State Department of Public Welfare must supervise and

license private agencies and institutions providing assistance, care, or other di- rect services to the aged, the blind, and other dependent persons. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Welfare is charged with the administration or supervision of all child welfare activities including the li- censing and supervision of private and public child-caring agencies, institutions,

and boarding homes for children.^ The county or district departments of public

welfare perform such duties as the State department may prescribe. The juvenile

court department is placed within the Department of Public Welfare which supervises, directs, and controls its operation. County boards of visitation must visit

all institutions, societies, and associations receiving children committed by juvenile courts. Confederate veterans' pensions are administered by the State Pension Board as- sisted by county boards of pensions. Care of Confederate veterans in the State Confederate Home, and care of their mothers, widows, and daughters in the annex

to the home is administered by the honorary board for the management and operation

of the Confederate home.'

Juvenile Del i nquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction incases involving delinquent children. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home, may designate a guardian and place the child in a home provided by the guardian, or

it may commit the child to a public or private institution. The State Industrial

School for White Boys, the State Industrial School for Negro Boys, and the State Training School for Girls have been established for the care and training of juvenile delinquents.*

Services to the Blind.—The State Department of Public Welfare must develop or cooperate with other agencies in developing measures for the prevention of blindness, restoration of sight, and the vocational adjustment of blind persons.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives.—The State Hospital and Hospital Dairy Farm provide care and treatment for insane, feeble-minded, or epileptic persons committed

by county or probate judges. The State Department of Public Welfare must administer or supervise care of mentally handicapped children in foster family homes

or institutions. The State department must supervise and license private agencies

and institutions providing assistance, care, or other direct services to the feebleminded. It must administer or supervise all mental hygiene work, including care

of mentally ill or feeble-minded persons not in the State hospital.

Adult Delinquents.—The State Penitentiary, the Penitentiary Farms, and the State

Farm for Women provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The

State Board of Pardon and Parole has power to grant paroles and must consider all

applications for executive clemency and make recommendations to the Governor. The

State board also has visitorial power over all institutions to which persons may

be committed upon criminal charges.

Crippled Chi 1 dren.—The State Department of Public Welfare must administer or

supervise aid and services to crippled children, including services for locating

crippled children and for providing medical, surgical, corrective, and other care

and facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare for children who are

crippled or who are suffering from conditions which lead to crippling. County or

juvenile courts, at the request of parent, guardian, or interested person, may

commit a crippled child to the State department for treatment or education.

iThe State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate with the Federal Government In public welfare matters ot mutual concern.

Sxhe Arkansas Cnildren's Home and Hospital, a State-aided Institution, l=„^^«f°f"f <^2^fj„^%°^-

riclal aeency or the State and or the several counties tor the purpose ot receiving, caring Tor, treatlngfand plaS!ng In homes dependent, neglected, and crippled children committed to it.

3The State Pension Claims Committee Investigates persons on pension rolls and residents of the

State Confederate Home and causes tne State Pension Board to remove Ineliglbles.

4see discussion ot care ot dependent and neglected children, above tor Powers ot the State Department of Public Welfare and county boards ot visitation In relation to children.

138640 O—39 19
274 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 275

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

CALI FORNI A

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is provided by two programs, one admcaistered by county boards of supervisors, or county boards of public welfare where established, and the other by the State Department of Social Welfare.

Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind as- sistance are administered by county boards of supervisors, or the county boards

of public welfare where established , under supervision of the State Department of Social Welfare.^

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. County probation committees appointed by the juvenile court

must, upon request of the juvenile court judge or thecounty board of supervisors,

investigate any society , association, or corporation other than aState institution

receiving or applying for any ward. These county committees also control county

detention homes. The State Department of Social Welfare must make rules and regulations for the proper maintenance and care of needy children and must inquire

into the management of all institutions receiving State aid. It may also investigate the care of children in institutions not under the control of the State

Department of Institutions and is empowered to license boarding homes, institutions,

and other agencies caring for or finding homes for children under 16 years of age.^

The Whittier State School receives boys committed by the juvenile courts. Direct relief to veterans is administered by county boards of supervisors with

the assistance of military, naval, and marine organizations which certify to the eligibility of veterans. The Veterans' Home of California and the Women's Relief

Corps Home provide for institutional care of veterans. Cities and counties may also establish veteran homes. Juvenile Delinquents, —Cases involving delinquent children come within the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts. Provisions for care of dependent and neglected

children also apply to delinquent children. The State Department of Social Welfare

must investigate juvenile probation. The bureau of juvenile research must conduct

research into the causes and consequences of delinquency and mental deficiency

and inquire into social, educational, and psychological problems relating thereto.

Ithascontrol ofanddirects all juvenile research and psychological work conducted

in State schools , State homes for the feeble-minded, and other State institutions

giving custodial care to minors. The Preston State School of Industry and the Ventura State School for Girls provide care and training for delinquent children.

Services to the Blind,—The State Industrial Home for the Adult Blind, the State

Industrial Workshop for the Blind, and similar workshops which may be established

by the State Department of Institutions with the approval of the department of finance provide training and employment of the blind. The State Department of Institutions may authorize work to be let out to the blind in their homes. Insane and Mental Defect ives,—The State Department of Institutions is charged

with the execution of laws relating to the care., custody, and treatment of insane,

feeble-minded, epileptic, idiotic, and other incompetent persons, and it must examine all public and private institutions receiving such persons.^ The Mendocino,

Stockton, Napa, Agnews , Patton, Norwalk, and Camarillo State Hospitals for the Insane provide care and treatment for insane persons committed by judges of superior

courts. The Sonoma State Home for the Feeble-minded receives imbeciles, idiots,

and epileptics who are not insane. The Pacific Colony and State Narcotic Hospital

care for feeble-minded persons, epileptics, and drug addicts committed by judges

of the superior courts.

The State Department of Social Welfare must Investigate charitable Institutions other than

those under jurisdiction of another State department. It may also act as the agent of or cooperate with the Federal Government on any matters within the scope of the functions of the department.

County boards of public welfare, where established , must visit charitable institutions receiving

county funds and report thereon to the State Department of Social Welfare. ^County boards of public welfare, where established, must visit and report to the State Board

of Social Welfare oonoernlng charitable and correctional Institutions receiving support from county funds.
276 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 277

Adult Delinquents. —The State Prison at Folsom, t he State Prison at San Quentin,

and the State Inst itut ion for Women provide for confinement and training of adult

delinguents. The Governor has power to grant reprieves , pardons , and commutations

for all offenses except treason and cases of impeachment. The State Board of Prison Terms and Paroles has general jurisdiction over the parole of prisoners

and the determinat ion of lengths of terms. The State Department of Social Welfare

must investigate adult probation. County boards of public welfare, where established , must visit penal and correctional institutions receiving county funds and report thereon to the State Department of Social Welfare.
278 o STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

COLORADO

Relief and Public Ass i stance.— General relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by the

county or district departments of public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Welfare is charged with the administration or supervision of all child welfare activities including the care

of dependent and neglected children. County or district departments of public

welfare must administer care and treatment to dependent and handicapped children

under the rules and regulations of the State Department of Public Welfare, and

they must investigate and pass upon all applications for admission to or discharge

from county institutions. The county boards of visitors must keep advised of the conditions and management of all local public or private child-caring homes or institutions receiving county or municipal funds and make necessary recommendations. All private institutions, societies, and agencies receiving dependent

children must be approved by the State Bureau of Child and Animal Protection which

must cooperate with other agencies and secure the enforcement of laws for the protection of children. The bureau, if appointed by a competent court, may act

as the guardian of any dependent, neglected, abandoned, or cruelly treated child

under 14 years of age. The board of control of the State Home for Dependent and

Neglected Children places in family homes children committed to the home and

supervises the care of such children while they remain wards of the board. Veteran relief is restricted to care in the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home. Care in the home is administered by the soldiers' and sailors' home commission

and supervised by the Division of Public Welfare of the Executive Department.

Juvenile Del i nquents.—Cases involving juvenile delinquents come within the jurisdiction of juvenile courts. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home, place it in a suitable home, or commit it to a county institution or

to the State Industrial School for Girls or the State Industrial School for Boys.

The county board of visitors' (appointed by county probate judge) must attend any proceedings involving the commitment of a boy to the State Industrial School in order to protect his interests.

Services to the Blind.—The State Commission for the Blind isempowered to provide care, education, vocational training, employment, and treatment for any blind

person, and to provide for the sale of products made by blind persons. It also

has the power to investigate the causes and methods of preventing blindness, and

it must cooperate with the State School for the Deaf and Blind, the State Department of Education, the State Department of Health, local school boards and health

authorities, the United States Commissioner of Education, the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation, and other agencies for the prevention of blindness. The

commission operates the Colorado Industrial Workshop for the Blind.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives.— Care and treatm.ent of mentally defective and

insane persons are provided by the State Home and Training School for Mental De- fectives at Ridge, the State Home and Training School for Mental Defectives at Grand Junction, the State Hospital, and the State Psychopathic Hospital. These

institutions receive voluntary patients and persons committed by county courts. Adult Del i nquents.—The State Penitentiary and the State Reformatory provide

for the confinement and training of adult delinquents.

Tuberculars.-The director of the division of tuberculosis within the State Department of Public Welfare must, with the cooperation of local medical societies,

conduct clinics in the diagnosis of tuberculosis throughout the State. The State

Department of Public Welfare cooperates with the Federal Government in caring for indigent tuberculars.

4he State Department or Public Welfare must act as tbe agent ot the Federal Government In welfare matters of mutual concern. ^geed IS not sneclfled as a condition of ellglDlUtj for care In tne State Soldiers' and Sailors ' Hume

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^The county board of visitors must Heep advised of the condition and management ot all correctional Institutions supported In whole or In part by county or municipal taxation.

*See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Department of Public Welfare In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 279

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SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

CONNECTICUT

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by town overseers

of the poor. Care for "State paupers" is administered by the Commissioner of Welfare. ' Old age assistance and blind assistance are administered by the Com- missioner of Welfare through the bureau of old age assistance assisted by the chief executive authorities of the towns. Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by the Commissioner of Welfare assisted by the chief executive authorities of the towns and boards of county commissioners.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts; except in matters of guardianship and adoption and all other matters affecting the property rights of any child, the probate courts have jurisdiction. The Commissioner of Welfare has general supervision over the welfare of dependent and neglected children and must cooperate with all juvenile courts. The Commissioner of Welfare licenses all child-caring agencies, supervises the placement of children in foster homes, and must cooperate with boards of county commissioners in the administration of temporary county detention homes which are under

the control of the county commissioners. The county commissioners have supervision

over children transferred from these homes to foster homes and institutions. The town selectmen must visit and inspect monthly all private foster homes. The public

welfare council may inspect all child-caring agencies.

Direct relief to veterans and institutional care in the Fitch's State Soldiers'

Home are administered by the veterans' home commission. The American Legion administers State funds allocated to it from the State Soldiers', Sailors', and

Marines' Fund and the State general fund. Juvenile Del i nquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit a child to any public or private in- stitution or agency, to the care of some reputable person, or order the child to remain in its own home subject to the supervision of the probation officer. The

Mansfield State Training School and Hospital, the State School for Boys, and the Long Lane Farm receive deliniuents . The public welfare council must inspect all

institutions where persons are detained by compulsion.

Services to the Blind.—The State Board of Education for the Blind may prepare

and maintain a register of the blind describing their condition, cause of blindness,

and capacity for education and industrial training. It may register cases of persons whose eyesight is seriously defective and who are likely to become visually

handicapped or blind; and it may take measures in cooperation with other authorities for the prevention of blindness or the conservation of eyesight. The board may contract with institutions, individuals, and mercantile and manufacturing

establishments having facilities for the instruction of the blind, may provide

for the instruction of adult blind in their homes, and may aid in securing em- ployment and provide machinery, tools, and materials for the purpose of establishing blind persons in some useful occupation.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The Mansfield State Training School and Hospital

provides care, custody, treatment, education, and employment for feeble-minded

and epileptic persons not violently insane or afflicted with a contagious disease

who are committed by the probate or juvenile courts. The Connecticut State Hospital, the Norwich State Hospital, the Fairfield State Hospital, and the State Farm

for Inebriates provide care and treatment for insane persons committed by the

probate or juvenile courts. Adult Delinquents.—The State Prison, the State Reformatory, the State Farm for

Women, and the State Prison for Women provide for the confinement and training of

adult delinquents. The Board of Pardons has jurisdiction over the granting of commutations, releases, and pardons.

^TSe Public Welfare Council advises and assists tte Comralss loner of Welfare In tte adminis- tration of his duties. It may inspect almshouses and other institutions oaring for depenaents

and take the necessary action to correct abuses found to exist. The Commissioner of Welfare

is empowered to cooperate with the Federal Government and the several States In the promotion

of activities in the field of public welfare and to administer any money appropriated by the Federal Government for such purposes.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for other powers of the Commissioner of Welfare and the Public Welfare Council In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 281

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SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

DELAWARE

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief and old age assistance are administered by the State Old Age Welfare Commission. Indigent poor may be cared for

in the State Welfare Home. Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by the State Mothers' Pension Commission.^

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. All such children are wards of the State, and the State Board

of Charities is responsible for their placement and supervision. The State board

is authorized to allot funds to certain child-caring agencies and it may establish

homes and other agencies or contract with any approved agency or home for the care

of dependent or neglected minors. Any person or social agent conducting or sup- porting a home for children and all institutions supported in whole or in part by

public funds, receiving and caring for dependent, neglected, or delinquent minors,

are subject to investigation by the State Board of Charities. The board is em- powered to license persons or associations operating children's boarding homes.

The Children's Bureau of Delaware is established to provide for the enforcement

of laws for protection of children, to render services to children in their own homes, to provide for those in need of special care, tocooperate with other childcaring organizations, and to accept children committed to its care. The Detention

Home for Juveniles receives children committed to it by juvenile courts. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children. The court may allow the child to remain at home, commit it to the care of a probation officer, or place it in a family home. Delinquent boys may be committed to the Ferris Industrial School. Delinquent white girls may be committed to the State Industrial School for Girls, and delinquent colored girls

may be committed to the State Industrial School for Colored Girls. Delinquent

children may also be committed to the Detention Home for Juveniles or to the House

of Refuge in Philadelphia, Pa.^ Services to the Blind. —The State Commission for the Blind has general supervision and control of the education, training, and welfare of blind persons.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Home for the Feeble-minded provides

care and treatment for feeble-minded persons committed by the court of general

sessions of the county or juvenile court of the city of Wilmington, or admitted

under agreement between the commission for the State Home for the Feeble-minded

and the parents, guardian, or custodians of a feeble-minded person. The State Hospital at Farnhurst receives a person upon certification of insanity by two physicians to the superintendent of the hospital. The board of trustees of the hospital may summons a jury of six persons to determine a person's sanity. A person

so committed may appeal to the chancellor of the State, who must provide a hearing before a jury.

Adult Del inquents.—The Newcastle County Workhouse, the Kent County Jail and

Workhouse, and the Sussex County Jail and Workhouse provide for confinement and

training of adult delinquents. The Commission on Prison Industries has charge of occupational training of prisoners and sale of prison products. The Governor may

remit fines and forfeitures and grant pardons and reprieves, and commutations of sentences except in cases of impeachment, but he may not grant a pardon or re- prieve for more than 5 months or commute a sentence without the written recommendation of a majority of the Board of Pardons. The State Board of Parole has charge of the parole of prisoners and the supervision of persons on parole.

Education of the Blind.—The State Commission for the Blind may recommend to the Governor that a blind child be placed in an institution for the instruction

and training of blind persons. Maternal and Child Health.—The State Board of Charities licenses maternity

wards in general hospitals.

The state Old Age Wei fare Commission and the State Mothers' Pension Commission must cooperate

with the Federal Government in the administration of old age assistance and aid to dependent

children In their own homes, respectively.

^See discussion of care or dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the Children's

Bureau of Delaware and the State Board of Charities In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 283

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SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

FLORIDA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by boards of county

coiranissioners , county boards of charity or county welfare boards where established,

and city and town councils. The State Welfare Board may accept such duties as are delegated to it by any county or municipal agency. The State board may establish

and operate almshouses, public homes, farms , schools-, and hospitals for the indigent.

Old age assistance is administered by the State Welfare Board^ through district

boards of social welfare. There are two programs for aid to dependent children

in their own homes. One is administered by boards of county commissioners and the other by the State Welfare Board through district boards of social welfare. Two programs for blind assistance are similarly administered.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Welfare Board, with the consent of the parents or

a guardian, may place a child in a public or private home or institution or in a foster home. The State board may delegate activities to the district boards to be performed under its supervision. All child welfare institutions or agencies

must meet with the standards and regulations for proper treatment and supervision

prescribed by the State board for the care of dependent children away from their

homes. Associations, institutions, or persons receiving or desiring to receive

dependent, neglected, or delinquent children must also meet standards required by the juvenile courts. The juvenile courts cooperate with the State Welfare Board

in the board's administration of provisions for the care of dependent, neglected

and morally defective, and physically handicapped children.

Provisions for veterans' pensions are administered by boards of county commissioners under the supervision of the State Board of Pensions.^ Care of veterans

in the Old Confederate Soldiers' and Sailors' Home is administered by the board

of managers of the home, under the supervision of the Board of Commissioners of State Institutions.

Juvenile Del Inquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit a juvenile delinquent to a probation

officer, allow it to remain in its own home, or order it placed in a family home. The child may also be committed to a private child-caring institution or association or to an institution incorporated under laws of the State or provided by a city, county, or'the State for care of delinquent children, including the State Industrial School for Boys and the Slate Industrial School for Girls. A child

committed to an institution is subject to the control of the county judge. A child under 18 years of age sentenced to the State Prison may have its sentence

commuted by the State Board of Pardons to detention in one of the industrial

schools. County boards of visitors appointed by the juvenile courts must visit persons, societies, associations, and institutions, except State institutions,

receiving delinquent children; they manage any detention home that may be established by the board of county commissioners.^

Insane and Mental Defectives.—The State Hospital for the Indigent Insane pro- vides care and treatment for insane persons committed by the judges of the county

or circuit courts. The State Farm Colony for Epileptics and Feeble-minded is an asylum for the care, protection, training, segregation, and employment of the feeble-minded and epileptics. Commitments to the colony are made by county judges,

subject to acceptance by the Board of Commissioners of State Institutions. Ju- venile courts must cooperate with the State Welfare Board in the board's administration of provisions for the care of mentally defective children.

Adult Del Inquents.—The State Prison and State Prison Farm provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons may remit

fines and forfeitures, commute punishment, and grant pardons except in cases of treason and impeachment.

^The State Welfare Board must cooperate with, and Is authorized to act as agent or, the Federal Government In public welfare matters of mutual concern. ^Seed Is not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions or for care In the Old Confederate Soldiers' and Sailors' Home.

'see discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Welfare Board In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 285

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SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

GEORGIA

Relief and Public Assi stance.—General relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by the county or district departments of public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare.' Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts which may appoint advisory boards to cooperate with the courts in matters affecting dependent, neglected, and delinquent children. The

advisory boards must visit all institutions, societies, or associations receiving

children. The State Department of Public Welfare licenses and supervises all private and local child-caring agencies and institutions. It must cooperate with the Federal Government, county officials, juvenile courts, and child-caring agencies

and institutions in developing services for the protection and care of homeless,

dependent, and neglected children and children in danger of becoming delinguent.

The county or district departments of public welfare must administer the care and treatment of dependent, neglected, delinguent, and handicapped children and pass

upon all applications for admission to or discharge from county institutions. The

Georgia Industrial Home (a private institution! receives dependent and neglected

children committed to it by juvenile courts. Direct relief to veterans is administered by county directors of public welfare

under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare. Veterans' pensions are administered by the State Department of Public Welfare assisted by county

directors of public welfare. Care of veterans in the Confederate Soldiers' Home

is administered by the State Department of Public Welfare. County directors of public welfare assist the State department in the determination of eligibility of applicants for admission to the home. Juvenile Del inquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinguent cliildren. The court may place a child in the care of a probation officer,

allow it to remain in its own home, place it in a family home, or commit it to

the State Training School for Boys, the State Training School for Girls, or to

any other training school for the correction, reformation, or protection of children. It may also allow proceedings to be undertaken against the child under laws governing the commission of crimes.

Services to the Blind.—The State Department of Public Welfare must initiate or cooperate with other agencies in developing m.easures for the prevention of blindness, the restoration of eyesight, and the vocational adjustment of blind persons. The State department must foster employment in regular industries, independent

business, sheltered workshops, or home industry of the adult blind and their in- struction in their homes. The State Factory for the Blind furnishes employment

and a home for such blind workers who desire it. Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The State Department of Public Welfare must administer or supervise all mental hygiene work and all noninstitutional care for

the mentally ill or feeble-minded. The Milledgeville State Hospital provides care

and treatment for the insane, epileptics, idiots, and demented inebriates committed

by the courts of ordinary. The State Training School for Mental Defectives pro- vides care and treatment for defective persons who are unable to care for themselves. Persons may be committed by the court of ordinary or admitted by a voluntary application made to the superintendent of the school.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Prison Commission provides for the confinement and training of adult delinguents in prison farms and camps. This commission as the

the State Board of Pardons investigates all applications for executive clemency

^The state Department ot Public Welfare Inspects county, municipal, and private cbarltatle In- stitutions and agencies. It also must cooperate with the Federal Government and act as Its agent

In welfare matters of mutual concern.

^Ileed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans^ pensions or care In the Confederate Soldiers' Home.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of advisory boards

or Juvenile courts, the State department, and county or district departments of public welfare

in relation to children. The State Children's Code Commission studies existing laws of Georgia

and other States affecting child welfare and drafts child welfare laws to be presented to the Legislature.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 287

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and makes recommendations to the Governor. The board also has full power to establish rules and regulations for paroling prisoners. The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate in the supervision of all correctional activities

including the operation of all penal and correctional institutions of the State,

the administration of paroles, the supervision of probation services, the segregation of first offenders, and the inspection of local jails.

Crippled Children.—The State Department of Public Welfare is designated as the agency to supervise the administration of a program of services for children who

are crippled or who are suffering from conditions which lead to crippling. The purpose of such a program is to develop, extend, aind improve services for locating

such children and providing them with facilities for diagnosis, medical and surgical care, corrective services, hospitalization, and aftercare. The State department may delegate this authority to an appropriate State, county , or municipal

department or agency and may cooperate with institutions and agencies caring for

crippled children.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Bl ind.—The Academy for the Blind and the State

School for the Deaf provide education for the blind and deaf youths, respectively.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 289

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

IDAHO

Relief and Public Assi stance.—General relief is administered by the boards of county commissioners or county welfare commissions, under the supervision of the State Department of Public Assistance. Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by county welfare

commissions under the supervision of the State Department of Public Assistance.^ Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the probate courts. County welfare commissions, under the supervision of the State Department of Public Assistance, are empowered to provide services for the

protection and care of dependent, neglected, and delinquent children and to co- operate with other State departments and agencies, with the probate courts, and with any public or private agencies or organizations providing such services. The

Children's Home Finding and Aid Society of North Idaho, and the Children's Home Finding and Aid Society of Idaho are child-caring agencies receiving State aid.

State aid is also given to the Salvation Army for its child welfare activities.

Direct relief to veterans is administered by the State Veterans' Welfare Com- mission. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the

commandant of the home. Juvenile Del inquents.— Probate courts have jurisdiction in cases involving de- linquent children. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home, place

it in a family home, or commit it to the State Industrial Training School or other

State child-caring institution or to a county child-caring institution. The Board

of State Prison Commissioners may place any child under the age of 15 years, sen- tenced to the State Prison, in a school of correction, either within or outside

of the State.* Services to the Blind.—The State Department of Public Welfare has power either

by itself or in cooperation with other agencies to develop measures for the pre- vention of blindness, the restoration of eyesight, and the vocational adjustment

of blind persons.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives.—The State Hospital North and the State Hospital

South provide care and treatment for insane persons, and the State School and

Colony provides care and treatment for feeble-minded and epileptic persons committed

by magistrates of the counties. Provisions for the sterilization of inmates are administered by the State Board of Eugenics. County welfare commissions have power to furnish services for protection and care of mentally defective children

and to cooperate with the probate courts, the State Department of Public Assistance,

and other State departments and agencies, and any public or private agencies or organizations providing such services.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Prison provides for confinement and training of

adult delinquents. The Board of State Prison Commissioners, in conjunction with

the State Board of Education, must prepare courses of study for prisoners. Pro- visions for sterilization of prisoners are administered by the State Board of Eugenics. The State Board of Pardons has power to remit fines and forfeitures

and to grant commutations and pardons in all cases except treason or impeachment.

It may parole prisoners upon recommendation of the warden of the prison. The

Governor may grant respites or reprieves in all cases except treason or impeachment

,

but such respites or reprieves may not extend beyond the next session of the State Board of Pardons, when they must be passed upon by the board. The Governor may,

in cases of treason, suspend the execution of sentence until it is acted upon by

the legislature.

^The state Department of public Assistance has power to cooperate with the Federal Government

in matters of public welfare, authorized by the Federal Social Security Act or other acts of Congress, and In the administration of Federal funds granted to aid In the functions of the de- partment. ^County welfare commissions have the same power In relation to physically defective children.

^leed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for care in the State Soldiers' Home.

*See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, tor powers of the State Department of Public Welfare and county welfare commissions In relation to children.

1.38640 O—39 20
290 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 291

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

ILLINOIS

Relief and Public Ass Istance.—General relief is administered by the overseer

of the poor or similar officer of the respective city, town, village, or precinct,

subject to rules and regulations prescribed by the city council, board of trustees, board of town auditors, board of county commissioners, or supervisors. However, in counties with a population over 500,000 (Cook County) general relief is administered by the county bureau of public welfare under the supervision of the

State Department of Public Welfare. The State Emergency Relief Commission must

determine, onthe basis of county requisitions, the allotments of State funds made

for general relief purposes. The State Department of Public Welfare must inspect

and investigate outdoor poor relief and almshouses.

Old age assistance is administered by the county departments of public welfare

and in counties with a population over 500,000 by the county bureau of public

welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare. Aid to

dependent children in their own homes is administered by the juvenile courts according to standards of administration set by the State Department of Public Welfare.^ Blind assistance is administered by the boards of county commissioners or

supervisors

.

The juvenile, circuit, or county courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

dependent and neglected children. ^ The county boards of visitation must visit

annually all institutions to which children are committed by the juvenile courts,

and report to the courts and to the State Department of Public Welfare the condition of the children cared for in such institutions. The State Soldiers and

Sailors' Children's School receives dependent and neglected children whose fathers

or mothers served in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps of the United States. Children may also be confined in poor farms. The State Department of Public Welfare

is empowered to license home-finding associations and orphanages. The department

must investigate and visit almshouses and family homes and examine all associations which propose caring for dependent, neglected, or delinquent children.

Direct relief for veterans is administered by the commander, quartermaster, or

relief committee of the local veterans' organization, where existent , m conjunction with the overseer of the poor or the county board of commissioners or supervisors. If no such organization exists in a town, a local relief committee administers such aid in conjunction with the overseer of the poor. Ca^^^^^J^

State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home , the State Soldiers' Widows' Home and he S a e

Home for the Rehabilitation of World War Veterans is administered by the State

Department of Public Welfare through the superintendent or managing ° ^"^ °J ^J^ respective institutions. Admission to the State Hor« for the Rehab litat ion of

World War Veterans is upon voluntary application to the managing officer or by

court commitment. . • j- ,;„„ Juvenile Del inquents.-The juvenile , circuit , or county courts have jurisdiction

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its own home, order it placed in some suitable family home, or comm t it to some

trainl g sTh;ol, industrial school, or to any institution or association incoro ;;e;'under tie laws of the State to care fordependent -d de inquent c i^re^^

The St. Charles School for Boys and the State Trainin| School for Girls at Geneva

receive delinquent children committed by the courts.

rvices to the Blind.-The Department of Public Welfare must direc reh

bilitation of every physically handicapped person residing in the State, ine

department It visu'the adult blind in their ho.es to instruct them in industrial

In count
292 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 293

pursuits and flevelop occupations. The department must employ the necessary teachers

and assistants.

Insane and Menta) Defectives. —The Elgin, Kankakee, Jacksonville, Anna, East Moline, Peoria, Chicago, Alton, Manteno, and Dixon State Hospitals care for insane persons. The Lincoln State School and Colony cares for feeble-minded persons. The State Colony for Improvable Epileptics cares for persons suffering from epilepsy or other mental disease. Commitments to these institutions are made by the

county courts and in some instances by voluntary agreement.

Adult Del inquents.—The Illinois State Penitentiary, State Reformatory for Women

at Dwight, and the State Farm at Vandali a provide confinement and training for

adult delinquents. Insane delinquents are cared for in the psychiatric division

of the Illinois State Penitentiary. The board of parole, in the State Department

of Public Welfare, exercises jurisdiction over the granting of paroles and is charged with supervision and aftercare of paroled persons. Crippled Children.— The State Surgical Institute for Crippled Children receives

children upon commitment by the county courts. The State commission for physically

handicapped children promotes special classes, special instruction, vocational

guidance, training, placement, and medical diagnosis and treatment of all physically

handicapped children, including those crippled or deformed.

Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Blind and the State School for the Deaf provide education for the deaf, dumb, and blind and promote the intellectual, moral, and physical culture of these persons to fit them for earning their

own livelihood and for future usefulness in society.^ The State Industrial Home

for the Blind is maintained for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the blind

by teaching them trades and affording them a home and such employment as best tends to make them self-supporting and consequently independent. The State Eye

and Ear Infirmary provides board and medical and surgical treatment for indigent

persons afflicted with diseases of the eye and ear.

The State coimlsslon for physically handicapped children coordinates the activities of the State Departments of Public Welfare, Public Instruction, and Public Health as such relate to all handicapped children including those crippled or deformed, blind, or deaf. The commission must promote vocational guidance, training, placement, etc.; must promote special classes and Instruction; must stimulate and coordinate all private and public efforts relative to the care, treatment, education, and social service of the foregoing classes.
294 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

INDIANA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by township over- seers of the poor. The Governor's Cooiraission on Uneniployraent Relief coordinates

and assists the several agencies of the State engaged in the relief of the unem- ployed and investigates the administration of relief by township overseers. Old age assistance is administered by county or district departments of public welfare

under the supervision of the division of public assistance of the State Department

of Public Welfare.'

Aid to dependent children in their own homes and foster care of destitute children who do not need to be declared public wards are adrainistered by county or district departments of public welfare. The division of public assistance of the State department supervises aid to dependent children, and the children's division

of that department supervises the care of destitute children.

Blind assistance is administered by the State department, through its division

of public assistance, assisted by countyor district departments of public welfare. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Welfare, children's division,

administers or supervises all public child welfare services. The division licenses

and must inspect private child-caring agencies and supervises and inspects local

public child-caring agencies, institutions, and boarding homes. It must also

supervise the care of dependent and neglected children placed in family homes or institutions. The county or district departments of public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare, children's division, ad- minister care and treatment of dependent and neglected children and may, with the

permission of the juvenile court, commit a child to an orphan asylum or, under

order of the court, may indenture a child as an apprentice. Dependent and neglected

children may be made wards of tlie board ot county commissioners whicn represents

children placed in institutions, homes, or agencies. Dependent and neglected boys

may be committed to the State Boys' School.

Orphans and children of veterans and nurses who served in wars may be admitted

to the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Children's Home, upon application to the board

of trustees of the home by a parent or guardian. Care of veterans in the State

Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of trustees of the home. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinguent children. The court may allow a child to remain at home, place it in a private home, make it a ward of the county or a probation officer, or commit it to the State Boys' School or State Girls' School, or to any other State penal or reformatory institution authorized to receive children. The court may, when health

or conditions require, cause t lie child to be placed in a public hospital or institution for treatment or special care. Administration of probation by the juvenile

court is supervised by the State Probation Commission.^

Services to the Blind. —The State Board of Industrial Aid for the Blind must maintain a register of the blind, describing conditions, causes of blindness, and

capacity for education and industrial training of each blind person in the State. The board must act as a bureau of information and industrial aid to assist the

blind to find employment and to market their products. It may establish and maintain both schools for industrial training of adult blind and workshops for their

employment; it may also pay wages and distribute products of the blind. The board

may promote visits among the blind in their homes and cooperate with the State library in circulation of books to the blind. The board must investigate causes

of blindness and cooperate with the State board of health in adopting and enforcing

preventive measures.

The state department, alvlslon of medical care, must supervise the operation of all agencies

caring for dependent, mentally'or physically handicapped, or aged adults, and approve the Incor- poration of charitable agencies. The State Department of Public Welfare Is designated as the State agency to cooperate with the Federal Government In the administration of the Federal Social Security Act, and to act as agentof the Federal Government In the administration of Federal funds

for public welfare and In all welfare matters of mutual concern.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers ot the State department and countyor district departments of public welfare, and boardsof county commissioners

In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 295

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Insane and Mental Defectives. —Care and treatment of insane persons committed

by circuit or superior courts are provided in the Central, Richmond, Logansport,

Evansville, and Madison State Hospitals for the Insane. The Fort Wayne School

for Feeble-minded Children with both a custodial and an educational department

provides care and treatment of children and women committed by circuit courts. The Muscatatuck Colony for Feeble-minded and the State Village for Epileptics

provide care and treatment for feeble-minded and epileptic persons, respectively,

committed by circuit courts. Adult Del Inquents.—The divisionof correctionsof the State Departmentof Public

Welfare must s-upervise all correctional activities, including paroles, inspection

of local jails, and the recommendation of clemency to the State Commission on Clemency. The State Commission on Clemency must examine petitions to the Governor

for pardon or parole, other than temporary parole. The State Probation Commission

supervises administration of juvenile and adult probation in all courts of the

State. The State Prison, the State Farm, the State Reformatory, and the State Women's Prison and House of Correction provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents.

Crippled Ch i Idren. —The State Department of Public Welfare must administer services to crippled children, including services for locating crippled children and

providing medical, surgical, corrective, and other care, and facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare for children who are crippled or who are suffering from conditions which lead to crippling. Such children may be placed

in a hospital approved by the State department or in the James Whitcomb Riley

Hospital for Children. ^ Children may be admitted to this hospital upon commitment

by any circuit, criminal, or juvenile court, or by application of the State Department of Public Welfare upon recommendation of the county or district board of public welfare

.

Vocational Rehabi 1 i tat ion.—The State Department of Public Welfaremust cooperate

with county departments of public welfare and the children's bureau of the United

States Department of Labor together with other State agencies charged with the

administration of State laws for vocational rehabilitation of physically handicapped children.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School forthe Blind and the State School for the Deaf provide academic and industrial instruction of blind,

and deaf and dumb children, respectively. Applications for admission are made to the boards of trustees. Tuberculars.— The State Sanatorium provides care and treatment for tuberculars

admitted upon application to the board of trustees of the sanatorium.

^The James Whitcomb Riley Hospltalls controlledby Che boardot crusteesor the State university.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 297

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

IOWA

Relief and Public Assi stance.—General relief is administered by the county

boards of supervisors or townsliip trustees as overseers of the poor. The State Emergency Relief Administration allocates State funds to counties. Old age assistance and blind assistance are administered by the State Department of Social Welfare assisted by the county boards of social welfare. The juvenile courts administer aid to dependent children in their own homes. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Social Welfare through the subdivision

of child welfare supervises all public child welfare services and all private

child-caring agencies and institutions. County boards of supervisors must appoint

suitable persons to care for destitute orphans; they supervise and govern county

homes admitting children. The State Juvenile Home and the State Soldiers' Orphans'

Home care for dependent and neglected children.

Direct relief to veterans is administered by county soldiers' relief commissions. Veterans and their wives or widows are admitted to the State Soldiers' Home by

the State Board of Control of State Institutions upon the certification of residence by the county board of supervisors.

Juvenile Del inquents.—The juvenile court has jurisdiction over delinquent children. The court may continue the proceedings from time to time and commit the

child to the care and custody of a probation official or other suitable person.

It may commit the child to a family home, allow it to remain in its own home, or

commit it to any institution in the State, incorporated and maintained for the

purpose of caring for such children; or it may cause the child to be placed in a

public or State hospital for treatment or special care, or in a private hospital

which will receive it. The court may also commit delinquent children to the State

Juvenile Home, the State Training School for Boys, or the State Training School

for Girls.

Services to the Blind.—The State Commission for the Blind has the following

duties: to 'act as a bureau of information and industrial aid for the blind; to

assist the blind in finding employment; to maintain a complete register of the

blind; to teach them trades; and to give such assistance as may be necessary or

advisable to help the adult blind market their products. The commission may establish workshops for the employment of the blind.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The Cherokee, Clarinda, Independence, and Mount

Pleasant State Hospitals for the Insane provide care and treatment for insane

persons, and the State Hospital and Colony for Epileptics and Feeble-minded provides care and treatment for epileptic and feeble-minded persons. The county

commissions of insanity have jurisdiction over all applications for commitment

to these institutions. The State Institution for Feeble-minded Children provides

training, instruction, care, and support for feeble-minded children voluntarily

admitted upon application of the parents, guardian, or county attorney or upon

commitment by the courts. The State Psychopathic Hospital cares for persons suffering from some abnormal mental condition that can probably be remedied by observation, by medical or surgical treatment, and by hospital -care. ^ Recommendations

for sterilization may be made by the State Board of Eugenics. An appeal from

such recommendation may be made to the district court. Adult Delinquents.-The State Penitentiary, Men's Reformatory, and the Women's Reformatory provide confinement and training for adult delinquents. The State

Board of Parole, on recommendation of the trial judge and prosecuting attorney,

may parole, after sentence and before commitment, prisoners who have not been

previously convicted of a felony or sentenced for a term of life imprisonment.

The State Board of Parole may parole prisoners after commitment, provided they

are not serving a life term or under sentence of death and are not infected with

a communicable venereal disease. Care of Tuberculars.—The State Sanatorium provides care and treatment for residents of the State afflicted with pulmonary tuberculosis.

ISee discussion oT care ot dependent and neglected cbildren, above, for powers of the State Department ot Social Welfare In relation to cHlldren.

^The State Psycliopatlilc Hospital Is controlled and managed by the State Board of Education.
298 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 299

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

KANSAS

Rel ief and Public AssI stance.—General relief , old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by the county

boards of social welfare under the supervision of the State Board of Social Welfare. * Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Board of Social Welfare must develop a child welfare

service program and administer or supervise child welfare activities, including

those undertaken by private agencies and all activities of the county boards of social welfare. The board is also empowered to license child-caring agencies.

The county boards of social welfare may find suitable homes for dependent children

referred to them by the courts and supervise children so placed. The county boards

supervise county parental homes caring for dependent, neglected, or delinquent

children. The State Boardof Administration controls the State Orphans' Home which

receives dependent and neglected children and has power of visitation, inspection,

and supervision over all child-caring institutions and associations. Veteran relief is administered by the county boards of social welfare under

supervision of the State Board of Social Welfare. Care in the State Soldiers'

Home and Mother Bickerdyke Annex is administered by the board of managers of the

home. Juvenile Delinquents.—The juvenile courts have jurisdiction of cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit such children to the State Industrial

School for Boys, the State Industrial School for Girls, or to any suitable institution, or allow them to remain at home subject to the control of a probation officer,

or may authorize such children to be boarded out in a family home. The county

boards of social welfare may find suitable homes for delinquent children referred

to them by the courts and supervise children so placed.

Services to the Blind.—The State Board of Social Welfare must initiate or cooperate with other agencies in developing programs for prevention of blindness,

restoration of eyesight, and vocational rehabilitation of blind persons. It may

also create a department for the blind within the State board. The State Institution for the Education of the Blind conducts a summer school from June Ito

September 1 for the educational instruction and vocational training of adult blind

'DGrSOD.S Insane and Mental Defect ives. -The county probate courts have jurisdiction in

cases involving insane and other defective persons. The probate judge must apply

for the admission of an insane person to a State hospital for the insane and all

applications for admission to any of the institutions under the State Board of

Administration must be made to the board. The Topeka, Osawatomie, and Larned State

Hospitals care for insane persons. The State Training School cares for feebleminded, idiotic, and imbecile youths. The State Hospital for Epileptics provides

rare and treatment for epileptics. , Adult Delinquents. -The State Penitentiary, State Industrial Reformatory, and

State Industrial Farm for Women provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Prison Board fixes the conditions for the parole or release

"^r'ipp'led'' Children. -The State Orphans' Home cares for crippled children.*

Deaf, Dumb, and Bl ind.-The State Institution for the Education of the Deaf and

the Stkte Institution for the Education of the Blind provide education for deaf

and blind youths, respectively. r^<,,tmont

Tuberculars.-The State Sanatorium forTuberculosis provides care and treatment

for citizens of the State suffering from tuberculosis.

"T;;;^e Boara Of social Welfare ---\-oo!,er.,\.lt^ tne Federal Government In any progra.

crovldlng Federal financial assistance In the field of social welfare. Tee discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, tor powers of the State

Board of Social Welfare In relation to children. 3courts exercising criminal Jurisdiction may «-l

^'eSfre^tra^y^'"'""' '"""

Asylum for the Dangerous Insane located at the State penitentiary.

^^,,_^„ -.. State

4The State university hospital provides =- ^-^.^-^J^S.^ °coSp ?ftfwu"tr"siatrDep'arl'

Crippled Children's Commission, ^PP°'""f ^^^J^'^fJ'SJ'^'o TMer persons and agencies Interested

or Sfsajprovlhospltals and homes providing services to crippled children.
300 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 3OI

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

KENTUCKY

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief and blind assistance are administered by the county courts under the supervision of the State Department of Welfare.' Old age assistance is administered by the State Department of Welfare.

Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by county children's

bureaus or by county welfare departments, if established, under the supervision

of the division of child welfare in the State Department of Welfare.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts. The State Department of Welfare is empowered toadminister

and supervise all child-caring activities including the inspection of all public

and private child-caring agencies; the department is empowered to license childcaring agencies and must supervise the work and methods of all institutions, associations, orsocieties receiving State aid. The department may provide care for such children as may be committed to it. The county children's bureaus must perform such child welfare activities as may be requested by the division of child

welfare in the State Department of Welfare or by the county fiscal court or county

judge. They must obtain for dependent, neglected, delinquent , and defective children the benefits of the laws relating to child welfare. The Louisville and

Jefferson County Children's Home receives dependent and neglected children com- mitted to it by juvenile courts. Private State-aided agencies receiving and placing

children include the Children's Home Society for White Children and the Children 's Home Society for Colored Children.

Confederate pensions are administered by the division of Confederate pensions

in the State Military Department , assisted by the county judges. The State Department of Welfare is empowered to contract for the care of Confederate veterans. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children. The court may allow proceedings against the child under the criminal law and transfer the case to the court exercising such jurisdiction, or

it may allow the child to remain in its own home, subject to visitation of a pro- bation officer, or commit it to any State, county, or city institution caring for

delinquent children. The House of Reform for Boys, the House of Reform for Girls,

and the Louisville and Jefferson County Children's Home provide care and training

for delinquent children.^

Services to the Blind. —The State School for the Blind must direct vocational

education, training, and employment of adult blind.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The Eastern, Western, and Central State Hospitals

for the Insane and the State Feeble-minded Institute provide care and treatment

for insane, feeble-minded, and epileptic persons committed by the circuit courts.

Drug addicts, upon agreement to remain 6 months or longer, may be voluntarily

admitted to any of the State institutions caring for persons of unsound mind.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary and the State Reformatory provide

for the confinement, labor, and training of adult delinquents. The State Department of Welfare receives and considers all applications for paroles and has the power of refusal. Paroles may not be granted, however, without the approval of the Governor.

The State Department ot Welfare Is empowered to administer and supervise all rorms ot public

assistance, organize and supervise county welfare departments, and assist other departments,

agencies, and Institutions of the State and Federal Governments. It must act as agent of the Federal Government In welfare matters of mutual concern and In the administration of Federal grants

for welfare purposes,

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers and duties of

the State Department of Welfare, and the county children's bureaus In relation to children.
302 » STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

HOUSE

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 303

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

LOUISIANA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief, old eige assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by the State Department of Public Welfare through the parish departments of public welfare.' The State Hospital Board must provide care and treatment for indigent

sick persons in public and private hospitals and other institutions, and it must also provide treatment after hospitalization. The Northeast Louisiana Charity

Hospital, the Shreveport Charity Hospital, the New Orleans Charity Hospital, and

the Baton Rouge Charity Hospital have been established for the treatment of in- digent persons. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts which report to the State Board of Charities and Corrections

concerning the disposition of such children. The parish departments of public

welfare, under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare, administer

care and treatment to dependent, neglected, delinquent, and handicapped children.

The State Board of Charities ajid Corrections has supervisory and visitorial powers

over all State, local, and private institutions of a charitable or penal nature. The Industrial School for Girls provides care for dependent and neglected girls. Veterans' pensions are administered by the State Department of Public Welfare. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of di- rectors of the home.^

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving de- linquent children. Delinquent boys may be committed to the State Training Institute

and delinquent girls, to the State Industrial School for Girls.'' Services to the Blind. —The State Board for the Blind must maintain a register

of the blind describing the condition, cause of blindness, and capacity for education and industrial training of each blind person. The board acts as a bureau of information and industrial aid for the blind in order to assist in finding employment, to teach trades, and to assist in marketing products. It must give home

instruction, and it may provide vocational training, establish workshops, and pay

wages for work therein. It must make inquiries concerning the causes of blindness

to ascertain what proportion of such cases is preventable, and it must cooperate

with other agencies in the adoption and enforcement of preventive measures.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The East Lou isieuia State Hospital and the Central

Louisiana State Hospital provide care and treatment for insane persons committed

by district courts. The State Colony and Training School for Feeble-minded provides

care and treatment for feeble-minded persons committed by district or parish courts

or admitted upon proper application.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Penitentiary provides for confinement and training

of adult delinquents. The State Board of Parole 'has charge of the parole of prisoners. The Governor has power to grant reprieves and may, except in cases of impeachment or treason, upon recommendation of the lieutensmt governor, the attorney general, and the presiding judge of the court before which the conviction was

obtained, or any two of them, commute sentences and remit fines 2ind forfeitures.

^The state Department of Public Wei-Tare must cooperate with and act as the agentotthe Federal Government In public welfare matters of mutual concern. ^Heed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions or care In the State Soldiers' Home.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Board of Charities and Corrections In relation to children.
304 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 305

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MAINE

Relief and Public Assistance, —General relief is administered by city, town, or plantation overseers of the poor. The State Department of Health and Welfare must investigate and inspect all systems of public charity and public institutions.

Old age assistance is administered by the old age assistance commission in the State Department of Health and Welfare. Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by the State Department of Health and Welfare assisted by

municipal boards of child welfare. Blind assistance is administered by the State Department of Health and Welfare.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of probate courts and municipal courts. The State Department of Health and Welfare

may provide care for such children. It must also investigate the condition and management of all institutions and agencies receiving public support, and it is empowered to license child-caring agencies.^ The State Military and Naval Children's Home provides care and education for poor and neglected children of the State with preference being given to children of soldiers and sailors.

Direct relief to veterans is administered by the overseers of the poor and pen- sions by the State Department of Health and Welfare.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Probate courts of cities or municipal courts of towns

or cities have jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children. The court may place such a child in the custody of a probation officer, or an agent of the State Department of Health and Welfare. The court may also commit such a child

to the State School for Boys or the State School for Girls.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The Bangor State Hospital and Augusta State Hos- pital provide care and treatment for insane persons committed by the municipal

officers who constitute a board of examiners. The Pownal State School provides care and training for idiots and feeble-minded persons committed by the probate

judges who may also commit insane persons to the State hospitals. Sterilization

of any insane or feeble-minded person may be ordered by the commissioner of the State Department of Health and Welfare.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Prison, the State Reformatory for Men, and the State Reformatory for Women provide for the confinement and training of delinquent

adults. The State parole board has authority to grant or revoke paroles. The State Department of Health and Welfare must establish standards and procedures for

Jiarole and supervise the parole of inmates of State penal and correctional institutions.

Crippled Chi Idren.—The State Department of Health and Welfare, through its bu- reau of health, is authorized to administer and supervise a program of services

for children who are crippled or who are suffering from conditions which lead to crippling

.

Education of the Deaf , Dumb, and Blind. —The State School for the Deaf is devoted

to the education and instruction of deaf and dumb children. With the consent of the parents or guardians, the State Department of Health and Welfare may admit any deaf and dumb child who is a resident of the State. The department licenses

and supervises State-aided institutions for defectives. The Maine Institution

for the Blind receives State aid from the bureau of social welfare of the State Department of Health and Welfare.*

Tuberculars.—The Central, Northern, and Western State Sanatoriums for Treatment of Tuberculosis admit residents of the State suffering from tuberculosis

to cooperate with the Federal Government In establishing, extending, and strengthening child welfare services for the protection and care of homeless , dependent, and neglected children, and children In danger of becoming delinquent.

2See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Department of Health and Welfare In relation to children.

3

The purpose of the program Is to develop, extend, and Improve services for locating such chil- dren, to provide for medical, surgical, corrective, and other services and care, and to provide facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare.

4The Governor may also provide for the education of blind children either within or without the State. 138640 0—39 21
306 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES o 307

according to the diagnosis of any regular practicing physician in the State, or

of the superintendent of any one of the sanatoriums

.

Maternal and Child Health Serv ices.—The department, through its division of health, is authorized to administer a program to extend and improve its services

for promoting the health of mothers and children, especially in rural areas and

in areas suffering from severe economic distress.
308 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MARYLAND

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief,' old age assistance, aid to de- pendent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by tne county welfare boards, and in Baltimore City by the department of welfare, under

the supervision of the Board of State Aid and Charities. Where county welfare

boards have not been established, another agency may be designated by the Board

of State Aid and Charities.®

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of county juvenile courts, and in Baltimore City within the jurisdiction of the magistrateof juvenile causes. The Boardof State Aid and Charities must establish

rules and regulations for child-caring agencies and institutions which it is em- powered to license, visit, and inspect. Care of all dependent, neglected, and

delinquent children is administered by county welfare boards and in Baltimore City

by the department of welfare under the supervision of the Board of State Aid and

Charities. The county trusteesof the poor or the county commissioners in counties

where no county welfare board exists must place all poor children in their charge

in some educational institution or home for children. The Training School for

Boys and the Montrose School for Girls care for dependent or neglected children. Veteran relief is administered by the State Veterans' Commission through the State service officer.

Juvenile Del inquents. — The juvenile courts and the magistrateof juvenile causes

in Baltimore City have jurisdiction in cases involving deliugtuent children. A child may be allowed to remain at home subject to the supervision of a probation

officer, or it may be committed to some agency or to some suitable institution

organized for the care of children. The Training School for Boys, the Montrose

School for Girls, and the State Training School for Colored Girls are State institutions established for the care and training of delinquent children. The St. Mary's Industrial School for Boys, the House of Reformation for Colored Boys, the House of the Good Shepherd, and the House of the Good Shepherd for Colored Girls

are State-aided private institutions established for the same purpose. Services to the Blind. — All blind adults with sufficient ability and of good

character are entitled to the benefits of the Workshop for the Blind.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.— The State Board of Mental Hygiene has the power

to investigate and examine all public or private institutions authorized by law

to care for insane persons. The Spring Grove, Eastern Shore, Springfield, and

Crownsville (Negro) State Hospitals for the Insane provide care and treatment for

insane State residents committed by the circuit courts. The Rosewood State Training School must receive and care for all idiots, imbeciles, and feeble-minded

persons whom the board of visitors of the school may deem proper subjects. The

school is divided into two departments, one educational and the other custodial.

Adult Del inquents.- The State Penitentiary and the State House of Corrections

provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The parole commissioner

has powerof visitation over all institutions caring for juvenile or adult delinquents and must investigate the advisability of making recommendations to the

Governor for conditional pardons. The commissioner must supervise all persons

paroled and all persons placed under suspended sentence.

hn the absence or State funds, general relief Is administered by the trustees of the poor, Justices of the peace, boards of county commissioners, or agents designated by them depending

upon the law applicable In particular counties.

^The Boardof State Aid and Charltlesls charged with the Investigation, study, and consideration

of the whole system of public and private charitable Institutions, organizations, and agencies. Itmust cooperate with the Federal Government In matters of mutual concern pertaining to assistance

to dependent children, the needy aged, and the needy blind. The board may accept any and all allotments of Federal funds and take advantage of any Federal economic act.

^See discussion of care of 'dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the Board of State Aid and Charities, county welfare boards, department of welfare In Baltimore City, county

commissioners, or county trustees of the poor, In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES e 309

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310 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MASSACHUSETTS

Relief and Public Assistance.—General relief is administered by the local boards

of public welfare.^ The State Infirmary provides care for sick indigents who

are not insane or infected with a contagious disease. Old age assistance and aid

to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the local boards of

public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare.

Blind assistance is administered by the State director of the division of the blind

in the State Department of Education.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts. The local boards of public welfare and the State Department of Public Vfelfare may receive children and provide suitable care for them.

They must regularly visit all children placed in homes or institutions. The State

department is empovirered to license all child-caring agencies. Veteran relief is administered by the town selectmen or city aldermen under

the supervision of the Commissioner of State Aid and Pensions.* Care in the State

Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of trustees of the home, under the supervision of the Governor and council.

Juvenile De) i nquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction incases involving delinguent children. The court may place such a child in the care of a probation

officer or, with the consent of the State Department of Public Welfare, in the

care of a reputable person, or commit the child to any institution, except a jail

or house of correction, to which it might be committed upon a conviction for violation of the law. The Lyman School for Boys, the Industrial School for Boys,

and the Industrial School for Girls receive and care for delinquent children.

Services to the Blind.—The director of the division of the blind in the State

Department of Education must perform the following functions: establish a bureau

to aid the blind in finding employment and developing home industries; maintain

a register of the blind describing their condition, the causes of blindness, and

their capacity for education and industrial training; establish and equip industrial training schools and workshops for the training and employment of blind

persons; and provide temporary support for workmen or pupils received in the schools

and workshops. The director may provide instruction at home, furnish materials

and tools, and assist in the marketing of products. He may also register cases

of persons, whose eyesight is seriously defective, who are likely to become blind,

and he may take such measures, in cooperation with other authorities, for the

prevention of blindness or conservation of eyesight as he may deem advisable.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The State Department of Mental Diseases has general supervision of all public and private institutions for the insane, feebleminded, epileptics, and persons addicted to the intemperate use of narcotics or

stimulants. The following institutions provide care and treatment for insane or

feeble-minded persons: Belchertown State School, Boston Psychopathic Hospital,

Boston State Hospital, Danvers State Hospital, Foxborough State Hospital, Gardner

State Hospital, Grafton State Hospital, Walter E. Fernald State School, Medfield

State Hospital, Metropolitan State Hospital, Monson State Hospital, Northampton

State Hospital, Taunton State Hospital, Westborough State Hospital, Worcester

State Hospital, Wrentham State School, and Norfolk State Hospital.

Persons may be admitted on court commitment, or if mentally competent t6 make

application, may apply for admission to the trustees, superintendent, or manager

of any of these institutions. The Walter E. Fernald State School, the Belchertown

State School, and the Wrentham State School must maintain departments for the

instruction and education of feeble-minded persons who are of school age.

*Local boards of public welfare must report all cases of nonresidents to the State Department

Of PuWlc Welfare wMcn in turn must examine such cases and order such aid as Itdeems expedient.

^nie state Departments of Public Welfare. Public Health, and Education must cooperate with the

appropriate Federll authorities In the administration of the Social Security Act.

^in Boston the Institutions department Is vested with the powers and duties conferred upon the

local boards of public welfare with respect to children's aid.

*ln Boston veteran relief is administered by the soldiers' relief oommlss loner.

5see discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, tor powers of the State

and local departments of public welfare In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 311

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Adult Delinquents.—The State Prison, the State Reformatory, the State Reformatory for Women, the Prison Camp and Hospital, the State Prison Colony, and the State Farm provide for the confinement and training of adult delinguents. The State board of parole may grant permits for prisoners to be at liberty and when

acting as the State advisory board of pardons must consider all petitions for

pardon or commutation of sentence referred to it by the Governor. The State Board

of Probation must supervise and promote the coordination of all probation work.

Crippled Ch i 1 dren.—The State Hospital School and Hospital for State Minor Wards

provide education and care for crippled and deformed children admitted upon application of the child's guardian to the board of trustees of the institution.

Maternal and Child Health.—The State Department of Public Welfare may grant

licenses to maintain boarding houses for infants, audit has supervision over all

maternity hospitals licensed by it.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 3I3

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MICHIGAN

Relief and Public Assistance. —State funds for general relief are admiaistered

by the State Emergency Welfare Relief Commission with the advice of county welfare

relief commissions. In those counties wherein the distinction between township,

city, or county poor is not abolished local funds for general relief are administered by the supervisors of the city or town, by the director of the poor in fourthclass cities, andby the county superintendents of the poor. Where the distinction

is abolished local funds are administered by county superintendents of the poor. Old age assistance is administered by the State old age assistance bureau of the

State Welfare Department assisted by the county welfare agents and the county old

age assistance boards. Mothers' pensions are administered by the county probate

courts (juvenile division) while aid to dependent children in their own homes and blind assistance are administered by the State Emergency Welfare Relief Commission

through county welfare relief commissions.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the county probate courts (juvenile division). The State Welfare Commission

may make all necessary rules and regulations to protect the interests of minor

children. The commission is empowered to license all persons, societies, associations, organizations, and corporations receiving , maintaining , or placing out children, and may revoke any license granted by it. The commission may visit all

licensed child-caring agencies. County welfare agents must act as agents of the State Welfare Commission and the probate courts. They must visit at least once

a year all children in homes and report their findings to the commission. The

State Children 's Institute receives children committed to it by the county probate

courts (juvenile division). The State Child Guidance Institute makes inq^uiries

into the causes of child delinquency, improves methods of treatment in cases of delinq.uent, neglected, and defective children, and coordinates the work of public

and private agencies in examining and caring for children under 21 years of age referred to it for examination by the probate court (juvenile division).

Direct relief to veterans is administered by the county soldiers' and sailors'

relief commission. Care in the State Soldiers' Home and in the Dormitory for Ex-nurses and Veterans' Dependents is administered by a board of managers. Juvenile Delinquents. —The county probate courts (juvenile division) have jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children. The court may place a child on probation under the care of its parents, guardians, or friends. It may also commit a child to the State Girls ' Training School, the State Boys' Vocational School,

or to any State or public institution authorized by law to receive such children.

The court may, in certain instances, transfer the case to the criminal court . ^ The bureau of probation within the State Department of Corrections must cooperate

in the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency.

Services to the Blind. —The State institute commission of the State Welfare Department must afford opportunities to indigent blind persons for such instruction

and training as will fit them to earn, in whole or in part, their own support.

The State Employment Institution for the Blind provides assistance, treatment,

employment, and instruction for the blind.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The Kalamazoo, Pont iac. Traverse City, Newberry,

Ionia, and Ypsilanti State Hospitals provide curative and scientific treatment

for insane persons. The State Farm Colony for Epileptics cares for epileptic persons exclusive of the insane and the idiotic. The Lapeer State Home and Training

School and the Mt . Pleasant State Home and Training School provide care for feebleminded persons. Feeble-minded children receive care and treatment at the State Children's Village. The State Psychopathic Hospital at the State University Hospital provides for the observation and treatment of those persons afflicted with

an abnormal mental condition. All commitments are made by the probate courts of the county. Persons may also be admitted by voluntary eigreement in some ca.ses.

Welfare Commission and tbe county welfare agent In relation to children.
314 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 315

Adult Delinquents. —The State Prison of Southern Michigan, the State House of Correction and branch of State Prison in the Upper Peninsula, and, the State Re- formatory provide for the confinement and training of adult delinguents.

The bureau of- probation within the State Department of Corrections exercises

general supervision over adult probation in the State and local courts.

The bureau of pardons and paroles within the State Department of Corrections

supervises or invest igates prisoners released or eligible to be released and aids

parolees in securing employment. The parole board within the bureau investigates

each eligible prisoner and determines exclusively on its own initiative whether

paroles are to be granted.
316 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MINNESOTA

Relief and Public Ass Istance. —In counties operating under the county system,

whereby the poor are chargeable to the county, general relief is administered by

the county commissioners as supervisors of the poor (or by agents appointed by

them including the overseers of the poor) or in some counties by boards of poor commissioners. In counties operating under the tcwn system, whereby the poor are chargeable to their respective political subdivision, the town boards, city council, and village council, acting as overseers of the poor, are responsible for the administration of general relief. State funds made available for general relief are administered by county or city welfare boards under the supervision of the State Executive Council. County welfare boards may cooperate with boards of county

commissioners, city, village, or borough councils, town boards, or other local

authorities charged with the administration of relief to the poor, upon request

of such authorities.

Old age assistance and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the county welfare boards under the supervision of the State Board of Control.^ Blind assistance is administered by the State Board of Control. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Board of Control must cooperate with juvenile courts

in promoting the enforcement of all laws for the protect ion of dependent , neglected,

and illegitimate children and receive children committed to it; the board assumes guardianship of these children or children committed to institutions under its management. The board manages all State child-caring institutions , must cooperate

with all public or private child-caring agencies, and is empowered to license all

private children's homes. County or city welfare boards are charged with the administration of all child welfare activities and must perform such duties as may

be reijuired by the State Board of Control to enforce all la\« for the protection

of children. The State Public School for Dependent Children receives and cares for dependent or neglected children.

The State Soldiers' Home board administers direct relief to veterans and care

in the State Soldiers' Home.^ Veterans' pensions are administered by the State

adjutant general.*

Juvenile Del inquents.— Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. A child may be allowed to remain in its own hom.e or may be

placed in a family home, subject to the visitation and supervision ol a probation

officer. The court may also commit such a child to any institution caring for

delinquent children. The State Training School for Boys receives delinquent boys

and the State Home School for Girls receives delinquent girls.

Services to the Blind,—The State Board of Control is empowered to aid the blind

by horns instruction and training. It may assist them in securing tools, appliances,

and supplies, and it may aid in marketing the products of their labors. The board

may care for and relieve those not capable of self-support and utilize any other

practicable method for alleviating their condition.

Insane and Mental Defect ives. — Insane, as well as inebriate, feeble-minded, and epileptic persons are cared for in the Anoka, Hastings, Willmar, Fergus Falls,

Rochester, St. Peter, and Moose Lake State Hospitals for the Insane. Detention

hospitals are also maintained in connection with the State hospitals. The State School for Feeble-minded cares for feeble-minded children, and the State Colony

'in counties containing a city of the first class— I.e. , wl th population over 50,000—operating

under a home rule charter, the boards of county ooimlssloners are tne county welfare boards. The poor and hospital commission of any county, where established, constitutes the county welfare

board.

^The State Board of Control has authority to accept the provisions of the Federal Social Security

Act.^The Stafe Spldlers' Home welfare agent, appointed by the State Board of Control, nay grant assistance, where other adequate aid Is not available, to the dependent family of a veteran who

is receiving hospitalization. The State Executive Council may also extend direct relle. to dis- abled veterans of all wars through such agencies as It may designate.

'^Heed 13 not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for the powers and duties

of the State Board of Control and the county or city welfare boards in relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 317

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for Epileptics cares for epileptic persons. Persons nay be committed to these

institutions by the county courts or admitted by voluntary agreement. The State Board of Control must cooperate with the juvenile courts in promoting the enforcement of all laws for the protection of defective children.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Board of Criminal Classification must study and classify all prisoners and determine towhich institution they shall be assigned.

The State Prison and the State Reformatories for Men and Women, respectively,

provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Parole grants paroles and final discharges , and it exercises supervision over paroled and discharged convicts. The State Board of Pardons is empowered to grant

reprieves, commutations, and pardons.

Crippled Chi Idren.—The State Board of Control must cooperate with the juvenile courts in promoting the enforcement of all laws for the protection of defective

children. It appoints the superintendent of the Gillette State Hospital for Crippled Children which provides care and treatment for indigent children who are crippled and deformed or who are suffering from disease fromwhich they are likely

to become crippled or deformed.

Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Deaf and the State School for

the Blind provide educationf or the deaf and dumb, and the blind, respectively.

Tuberculars.—The StateSanatorium for Consumptives provides care f or tuberculars

not cared for in a county tuberculosis sanatorium.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 319

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

Ml SSI SSIPPI

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by the county

boards of supervisors.^ Old age assistance and blind assistance are administered

by the county welfare agent and the county boards of public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare. Chancery courts are charged

with the administration of aid to dependent children in their own homes. They

may appoint local citizens' boards for this purpose or delegate the duty to any public or private child welfare agency. Cases involving dependent or neglected children come within the jurisdiction of the chancery courts , which may commit children to the State Industrial and Training

School. County boards of supervisors are authorized to bind out or apprentice

children or commit them to orphan asylums or child-caring organizations.

State Board of Public Welfare must administer or supervise all public child

welfare services; must inspect all private child-caring agencies, institutions,

and boarding homes; supervise the care of dependent and neglected children

in foster homes or in institutions, especially children placed for adoption or those of illegitimate birth. The board must supervise the importation of children.

County departments of public welfare may assume responsibility for the care and support of dependent children needing public care away from their homes, and may place such children in proper institutions or private homes, and may cooperate

with public or private authorities in the placing of such children in proper in- stitutions or suitable private homes. The necessary maintenance istobe provided

for children in need of care in foster homes, under circumstances which do not require that such children become wards of the court, frompublic funds made available for welfare services. Veterans' pensions are administered by county boards of inquiry under the super- vision of the State Pension Commissioner.^ Care in the Jefferson Davis Beauvoir

Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of directors of the home. Juvenile Delinquents. —Chancery courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children. The court may remand the case to the circuit court or may commit such a child to the care and control of a probation officer. It may also permit

a child tc be placed in a suitable home or family home, or commit it to the State

Industrial and Training School.^

Services to the Blind. —The State Commission for the Blind must maintain a bureau

of information to assist the blind in finding employment, developing home industries, and marketing their products. It may establish workshops and furnish ma- terials, tools, and books for the purpose of rehabilitating blind persons. It may maintain a register of persons whose eyesight is seriously defective and who

are likely to become blind. It may also, in cooperation with other authorities,

take such measures as it may deem advisable for the prevention of blindness or conservation of eyesight.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Insane Hospitals at Whitfield and Jackson and the East Mississippi State Hospital at Meridian provide care and treatment for insane residents of the State committed by the chancery courts. The

Ellisville State School for the Feeble-minded provides care and treatment for

feeble-minded residents of the State committed by the chancery courts. The county

boards of supervisors must temporarily provide for persons alleged to be insane

pending investigation and for persons who cannot be admitted to the above institutions. Idiots, fools, and known incurables may not be admitted to the above

institutions but must be cared for in the county home. Adult Delinquents. —The State Penitentiary provides for the confinement and training of adult delinquents. The Governor has the power to grant reprieves and pardons, except in the case of impeachment or treason.

^The Mississippi State Charity Hospitals at JacKson and VlcKs burg , the South Mississippi Charity

Hospital at Laurel, the Natchez Chanty Hospital at Natchez, and the Matty Hersee Hospital at Meridian provide medical and surgical treatment for the poor and needy citizens of the State.

2., , Heed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for either veterans' pensions or for care

In the Jefferson Davis Beauvoir Soldiers' Home.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers and duties of the State Department of Public Welfare and county departments of public welfare In relation to children.
320 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 321

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MISSOURI

Relief and Public Assistance, —State funds for general relief are administered

by the State Social Security Coiniiiission with the advice of the county social se- curity commission. General relief financed exclusively fromlocal funds is administered by the county courts orby city boards of social welfare where established.

Old age assistance and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the State Social Security Commission with the advice of the county social

security commission.' Blind assistance is administered by the State Commission

for the Blind which may be assisted by county or city probate judges. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Social Security Commission administers or super- vises all child welfare activities including the operation of State institutions

for children which includes the State Home for Children. It must license and

supervise all child-caring agencies and institutions, except those conducted by

well-known religious orders, and it must supervise juvenile probation under the direction of the juvenile courts. The St. Louis Board of Children's Guardians is empowered to receive children committed by the juvenile courts for care, treatment, and placement. County boards of visitors (appointed by circuit courts) must regularly visit all county and municipal institutions or corrective institutions receiving county or municipal funds. Veteran relief, in the form of care in the Confederate Soldiers' Home and the State Federal Soldiers' Home, is administered by the boardof trusteesof each home. Juvenile Del inquents. — Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home or place it in a fajnily home subject to the supervision of a probation officer, or

it may commit the child to the State Training School for Boys, the State Industrial Home for Girls, the State Industrial Homefor Negro Girls, or to any Stateor county

institution caring for children.^

Services to the Bl ind. — The State Commission for the Blind must perform the following duties: maintain a register of blind persons in the State for the pur- pose of securing employment; maintain shops and workrooms for the employment of blind persons; provide a means for the sale of products; and procure materials

and tools to furnish aid to blind persons engaged in home industries. It must also adopt such measures as it deems expedient for the prevention and- cure of blindness.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —There are four State hospitals providing care and treatment for insane persons committed by county courts or received by voluntary agreement. The State School for Feeble-minded and Epileptics provides care and treatment for feeble-minded and epileptic persons, upon a written request ac- companied by thfe certificate of the county court and supported by the opinion of two physicians.

Adult Delinquents. —Tne State Penitentiary and the Intermediate Reformatory for Young Men providefor the confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Probation and Parole must select prisoners to be recommended to the Gov- ernor and make recommendations for parole, commutation of sentence, or pardon.

The board must investigate and make recommendations upon the merits of all applications for executive clemency. It also supervises all persons paroled or released

under conditional pardons.

Tuberculars. —The State Sanatorium provides treatment for tuberculous citizens

of the State who may apply to the county court for admission. Citizens of St. Louis make application to the city comptroller for admission to the sanatorium.

welfare matters of mutual concern.

2 See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Social Security Commission, the city board of children's guardians of St. Louis, and the county

boards of visitors in relation to children. 1386i0 0—39 l-i
322 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 323

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MONTANA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief, old age assistance, aid to de- pendent children in their own homes,, and blind assistance are adiiiinistered by

county departments of public welfare under supervision of the State Department

of Public Welfare.^ The State Department of Public Welfare also supervises private institutions providing care for needy, indigent, handicapped, or dependent

adults. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of district courts. County juvenile improvement committees appointed by the district courts assist the courts in their work with juveniles. The State Department

of Public Welfare must administeror superviseall child welfare activities except

those administered by the State Board of Health and make provision for establishing, extending, and strengthening child welfare services for the protection and

care of homeless, dependent, and neglected children, and children in danger of becoming delinquent, including those in public and private institutions. Under

this authority it may license and must supervise private and local child-caring

agencies. The State Department of Public Welfare must supervise the care of dependent, neglected, and delinquent children in foster family homes and in institutions, and enforce laws pertaining to children. County departments of public

welfare administer these child welfare services locally under supervision of the State department. County juvenile improvement committees perform such duties as the juvenile courts may designate and supervise detention homes where established.

The State Orphans' Home receives and cares for dependent and neglected children

who are physically and mentally fit. Tlie State Vocational School for Girls re- ceives and cares for neglected girls who are physically and mentally fit. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of managers of the home. The Veterans' State Welfare Commission provides assistance

to World War veterans in securing employment, education, training, and comfort.

Juvenile Delinquents. — District courts have jurisdiction in cases involving de- linquent children. Such children may be left in their own homes, placed under

supervision of a probation officer, placed in a family home, or committed to a State

or private institution or a county detention home.^ The State Industrial School

receives delinquent children of sound mind and body. Delinquent girls, if mentally

and physically fit, may be committed to the State Vocational School for Girls.

Services to the Blind. —The State Department of Public l/elfare must develop and

cooperate with other State agencies in developing services totheblind, including

prevention of blindness, location of blind persons, medical services for eye conditions, and vocational guidance and training.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Insane Asylum and the Hospital for Ine- briates provide care and treatment for insane persons and inebriates, respectively,

committed by district courts. The chairman of the board of county commissioners may commit insane persons to the State Insane Asylum, with the approval of the district court. The State Training School provides for detention and training of epileptic and feeble-minded minors and adults. Minors capable of mental, moral,

or physical training, may be committed to the school by the district courts and may be retained by the executive board after they become 21 years of age if they are mentally unfit for release. The State Board of Eugenics has charge of sterilizations.^ The State Department of Public Welfare must use available funds for

cases where special medical or material assistance is necessary to reliabilitate

subnormal children, and it must supervise agencies and institutions caring for mentally handicapped children and adults.

Adult Del inquents. —The State Prison provides for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The Governor has power to grant pardons and coiiunutations and

^Tbe State Bepartment at Public Welfare must cooperate with and act as agent or the Feaeral Government in public welfare matters of mutual concern. ^See discussion of careof dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State De- partment of Public Welfare and county departments of public welfare in relation to children.

^The State Board of Eugenics consists of the chief physician of each Institution for mentally

deficient persons, the president of the State medical association, a femaie member of the State

medical association, and the secretary of the State Board of Health.
324 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 325

to remit fines and forfeitures subject to approval of the State Board of Pardons.

Crippled Children. —The State Department of Public Welfare must make provisions

to extend and improve services for locating crippled children, for medical, surgical, corrective, and other services, and for facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare of children who are crippled or who are suffering from

conditions which lead to crippling.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind. —The State School for the Deaf and Blind

provides education for deaf, dumb, and blind children. Applications for admission

are made to the State Board of Education.

Maternal and Child Health. —The State Department of Public V/elfare licenses and inspects maternity homes.
326 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NEBRASKA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by county boards

of commissioners or supervisors, or by county boards of public welfare. Old age assistance and blind assistance are administered by county assistance committees

under the supervision of the State Board of Control. Aid to dependent children

in their own homes is administered by juvenile courts except for a supplementary

program which is cidministered by county assistance committees under the supervision

of the State Board of Control. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Board of Control supervises the administration of all child welfare activities and must promote the enforcement of laws for the protection of dependent, neglected, and delinquent children and must cooperate

with all public and private child welfare agencies.' The board has the care and custody of all children committed to itbythe juvenile courts and may place such

children in homes or institutions. The county assistance committee acting as the county child welfare boards under the supervision of the State Board of Control

may assume charge of and provide for destitute children who cannot be cared for

in their own homes and children committed to them by the juvenile courts. The

committee must cooperate with all public and private institutions, organizations,

and agencies concerned with the care, support, education, and general welfare of children in the county. The State School for Dependent Children receives and cares for dependent and neglected children. Veteran relief is administered by the county soldiers' relief commission. Veterans are admitted to the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home upon application to the boards of county commissioners with the final approval of the State Board of Control.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. Such children may be aliased to remain in their own homes subject to the visitation of the probation officers. They may be committed to some suitable institution, association or individual, or to the State Industrial

School for Girls or the State Industrial School for Boys. The county assistance

committees, acting as the child welfare boards, must investigate complaints involving delinquent children, bring such cases before the juvenile courts, and receive

any delinquents discharged to their care by the courts.^

Services to the Blind, —The State Board of Control must maintain a register of the blind in the State describing condition a:nd cause of blindness and their capacity for educational and industrial training. It must assist blind persons to find remunerative employment, market their wares, and obtain tools and materials

needed in their work. It must also provide suitable and practicable home teaching

for those who are unable to attend the State School for the Blind, and must collect

information relating to the cause, prevention, and cure of blindness.

Insane and Mental Defectives, —Boards of county commissioners of insanity pass upon all applications for the care o' persons alleged to be insane. Upon determination of insanity they may authorize a hospital for the insane to receive such persons. In the event that such arrangements cannot be made, the commissioners

must see that the persons are suitably provided for. The Norfolk, Hastings, Lincoln, and Genoa State Hospitals are maintained for the reception and treatment of insane persons. The county boards also constitute the subcommissions of the State Commission for the Control of Feeble-minded Persons ; and they may apprehend, examine, commit, establish guardianships for, transfer, and maintain custody of any feeble-minded person within their respective counties, under the rules and regu- lations of the State commission. Feeble-minded persons may receive care and treatment in the State Institution for the Feeble-minded.

^..^ ^^^^^ .^w.^. .. «f Control through the director of assistance and the director of health roust cooperate with the Children's Bureau of the Department of Labor of the United States to develop

"a T.p i;pT*v1np«.

The State Board of ( ooperate with the Ch. lans for child welfa:

2

See discussion of c -* ..-*--..--.... - Board of Control In relation to children.

plans for child welfare services.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State

a rfl nr nnnrrnl In rplafinn r.n children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 327

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Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary , theState Ref ormatory f orWomen, the

Vfomen's State Industrial Home, and the State Reformatory for Boys provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons has the pcwer to grant commutations, pardons, and paroles.

Crippled Chi Idren.—The State Board of Control, through the director of assistance, must expend State assistance funds allotted for crippled children to supplement other State, county, municipal, and private funds. Such funds must be used to extend and improve services for locating physically handicapped and crippled

children, andfor providing facilities for diagnosis, medical, surgical, corrective,

and other services and care, hospitalization, and aftercare for children who are physically handicapped or crippled, or who are suffering from conditions which

lead to crippling. The State Orthopedic Hospital provides care for crippled,

ruptured, and deformed children.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Deaf and the State School for the Blind provide for the education of deaf, dumb, and blind

youths who cannot acijuire an education in the common schools of the State. Tuberculars. —The State Tuberculosis Hospital is maintained primarily for indigent tuberculous patients. Other tuberculous patients may be admitted under such

rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the State Board of Control.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 329

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NEVADA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by

boards of county commissioners under the supervision 'of the State Welfare Department. * Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile departments of the district courts. The State Welfare Department

must supervise all child welfare services and provide supervisory or advisory

services to county governments. The department is empowered to license childcaring agencies. Boards of county commissioners must apprentice minors who become

county charges. The State School of Industry and the State Orphans' Home receive

dependent and neglected children. County probation committees may be required to investigate any child-caring society, association, or corporation when requested

by the courts, and exercise control over the internal affairs of any detention

home established bytheboard of county commissioners. The State Board of Relief,

Work Planning, and Pension Control must encourage the activities of county probation committees; and county boards of relief, work planning, and pension control,

when established, must cooperate with the county probation committees in family

welfare work. Juvenile Del Inquents.— Juvenile departments of district courts have jurisdiction

in cases involving delinquent children. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home, appoint a guardian and order the child placed in a family home, or commit the child to an institution incorporated by Nevada or any other State, or provided by the State or any county, city, town, or village. The State School of Industry receives juvenile delinquents.

Insane and Mental Defectives.—The State Hospital for Mental Diseases provides

care and treatment for insane persons, idiots, and adult feeble-minded persons committed by district court judges or, in their absence, by county clerks. Feebleminded minors may also be committed to this institution for temporary care until

provision can be made for them in another State. The board of county commissioners must provide care, education, and support for feeble-minded children of their

respective counties.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Prison provides for confinement and training of

adult delinquents. The State Board of Parole Commissioners has charge of paroles,

remission of fines and forfeitures, pardons, and commutations.

^The State Welfare Department must cooperate with the Federal Oovernment In publ Ic welfare matters and administer or supervise the administration of Federal funds for public welfare. The State Board of Relief , worn. Planning, and Pension Control , which is also the State Welfare Department, must cooperate with the Federal emergency relief administrator of the state and officers

of the Federal Government empowered to administer Federal relief (either worK or direct), and it has the power to maHe available to the several counties funds supplied to the board by the State and Federal governments for relief of destitution and the purchase of supplies to be used for relief projects. County boards of relief, worK planning, and pension control, where established,

must assist the State board, maKe investigations, and report to the county and municipal authorities concerning the questions of dependency and the distribution of relief funds.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Board of Relief, WorK. Planning, and Pension Control; county boards of relief, worK planning, and pension control; county probation committees; and boards of county commissioners in relation to children.
330 STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 331

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by town overseers

of the poor in all cases except those for which no town or person is responsible.

Relief for such cases is administered by boards of county commissioners. Old age assistance, blind assistance, and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the State Department of Public Welfare.^ In the administration

of these welfare activities the commissioner of public welfare, in the State De- partment of Public Welfare, must consult with the officials of the counties or towns required to contribute to the cost before determining eligibility of applicants. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts. Neglected children may be committed by the juvenile courts

to the care of the State Department of Public Welfare. The department must de- velop a State program for child vrelfare, and supervise the administration of such program by local officials or administer such child welfare activities directly.

The department is empowered to license and must supervise all private institutions

and boarding homes providing services or care to dependent, neglected, delinquent

,

or defective children. Local officials must find homes for children and contract

for their support. Veteran relief is administered in counties by the boards of county comiriissioners andintowns by the overseers of the poor. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of managers of the home. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children and may order necessary care or custody, place them on probation, or commit them to the State Industrial School.^

Services to the Deaf and Blind, —The State Department of Public Welfare must develop a program for, or cooperate with other agencies in providing, services to the blind. These services include the locating of blind persons, medical services

for eye conditions, vocational guidance and training for the blind, placement of blind persons in employment, instruction of the adult blind in their homes, other

services to blind persons, and a program for the prevention of blindness.'' The department must develop plans to provide assistance to the deaf. Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Hospital for the Insane provides care

and treatment for insane persons committed by probate judges or admitted upon proper application to the superintendent of the institution. The Laconia State School for the Feeble-minded provides care and treatment for feeble-minded persons

who are committed by probate judges. Insane or feeble-minded children coming

within the jurisdiction of a juvenile court may be committed to an appropriate

institution

.

^ Adult Delinquents. —The State Prison provides for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Probation Department provides psychiatric and psy- chological services. Probation officers of the department make investigations

for courts upon request , perform services assigned by the State board of probation

or any court, and supervise persons paroled from any institution, at the request

of the institution. They also supervise, at the request of the court, persons

placed on probation. The State Board of Parole makes recommendation to the Governor and council for parole of convicts and has custody of paroled convicts.

Medical Care. —The State Department of Public Welfare must develop and administer

a plan for providing medical or otlier remedial care in cooperation with State health authorities and county and local officials. The department must develop

a plan to provide assistance to tuberculous persons.

^The department must cooperate with the Federal Government In carrying out the purposes of the Federal Social Security Act and In other matters of mutual concern pertaining to public welfare,

child welfare services, and public assistance.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for other powers and duties

of the State Department of Public Welfare in relation to children.

The department must supervise all private agencies and institutions providing care to aged, blind, feeble-minded, and other dependent persons.
332 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES e 333

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NEW JERSEY

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by overseers of the poor, county welfare boards, or local assistemce boards.' The State Financial

Assistance Commission apportions State and Federal funds for relief and public

assistance. The Board of Control of the State Department of Institutions and Agencies is empowered to inspect all county and city institutions for the poor

and must inspect all institutions or organizations which receive State funds. Old age assistance is administered by county welfare boards under the supervision

of the division of old age assistance of the State Department of Institutions and Agencies.^ Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by county

welfare boards assisted by the State Board of Children's Guardians. Appeals may

be taken to tlie State Department of Institutions and Agencies. Blind assistance

is administered jointly by county welfare boards and the commissioner of institutions and agencies with the State Commission for the Amelioration of the Condition

of the Blind serving in an advisory capacity. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile and domestic relations courts. The State Department of Institutions and Agencies may cooperate with the county welfare boards in developing

services for care of dependent and neglected children and children in danger of becoming delinquent. The Board of Control of the State Department of Institutions

and Agencies has power to visit all institutions or agencies where children are placed and to inspect private agencies caring for dependent children; it must

inspect all institutions or organizations whicli receive State funds. The State

Board of Children 's Guardians has care and supervision of children adjudged public

charges and must place children in homes or, for temporary care, in child-caring

institutions. Ithasgeneral supervision over all dependent and neglected children

who are public charges, including those in county institutions.

Veterans' pensions are administered by the State Adjutant General.'' Care in the State Memorial Home for Disabled Soldiers and the State Memorial Home for Disabled

Soldiers, Sailors, Marines, and Their Wives and Widows is administered by the

boards of managers of the homes; judges of the courts of common pleas certify

eligibility of applicants. The board of managers of the State Memorial Home for

Disabled Soldiers may grant relief to persons as outpatients.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit a child to a probation officer, State

or county institution, or to the State Board of Children's Guardians. Boys may

be committed to the State Home for Boys, and girls to the State Home for Girls.*

Services to the Blind. —The State Commission for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Blind must maintain a register of the blind in the State; may study

causes of blindness and cooperate with other agencies for prevention of blindness;

and may make loans to the blind of capital and equipment for product ive activity.^

In counties operating under tne county system whereby the poor are chargeable to the county, general relief Is administered by county welfare boards. In counties operating under the local system whereby the poor are chargeable to the townships, towns, boroughs, and cities, general

relief Is administered by the overseers of the poor for the respective political subdivisionLocal assistance boards must be appointed in all municipalities (including counties). To administer general relief financed from State funds the county boards of chosen freeholders in counties operating under the local system may establish a county welfare house which is controlled by the county welfare board and the county superintendent of welfare. The superintendent has general Jurisdiction of the poor throughout the county or that portion of the county which maintains a welfare house. He has the authority and power of an overseer of the poor in municipalities which

have no such duly constituted officer and which consent to his acting in this capacity. However, county welfare boards in such Instances have the power to designate some other officer as overseer of the poor.

'The State Department of Institutions and Agencies is authorized to cooperate with the Federal Government in public welfare matters of mutual concern.

Heed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Board of Children's Guardians, State Department of Institutions and Agencies, and county welfare boards in relation to children.

The commission may also provide instruction of indigent deaf, dumb, blind, feeble-minded, or partially blind persons. The State Board of Institutions and Agencies has power to Inspect pri- vate institutions and noninstltutlonal agencies for care of blind, deaf, and dumb persons.
334 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 335

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Department of Institutions and Agencies

controls State institutions for insane and mentally defective persons. The Board

of Control of the State Department of Institutions and Agencies has power to inspect

county insane hospitals, private institutions, and noninstitutional agencies for care of the insane, epileptic, and feeble-minded; it must inspect institutions and organizations which receive State funds. Care and treatment for the insane are provided in the State Hospitals at Trenton, Marlboro, and Greystone Park. The Vineland State School provides care and treatment for mentally defective women

and children. Feeble-minded women are cared for in the North Jersey Training

School, andmentally defective males and defective delinquent males are cared for intheState Colonies for Feeble-minded Males at New Lisbon and Woodbine. Epileptic persons are cared for in the State Village for Epileptics. Commitments to all these institutions are made by courts of common pleas. Adult Delinquents. —The State Department of Institutions and Agencies heis control

of the State prison system, and the Board of Control of the State Department of Institutions and Agencies has power to inspect county and city correctional institutions and places of detention. The State Prison at Trenton, State Prison Farms

at Bordentown and Leesburg, the State Reformatories at Rahway and .Annandale (for

men), and the State Reformatory for Women at Clinton provide for confinement and training of adult delingtuents. Subject to the procedure prescribed by the Board

of Control of the State Department of Institutions and Agencies, the boards of managers of correctional institutions have charge of paroles. The State Court of Pardons may remit fines and forfeitures, grant paroles, commute sentences, and grant pardons except in cases of impeachment.

Tuberculars. —The State Sanatorium for Tuberculous Diseases provides care and treatment for tuberculous persons committed by courts of common pleas. The State Department of Institutions and Agencies has power to inspect county tuberculosis

hospitals.
336 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

MEW MEXICO

Relief and Public Assistance. —Local funds for general relief are administered

by boards of county commissioners, city councils, or other governing boards of cities, towns, or villages. State funds for general relief, old age assistance,

aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered

by the State Department of Public Welfare assisted by local boards of public welfare.^ The State department must inspect and require reports from all private

institutions, boarding homes, and agencies providing assistance, care, or other

direct services to the aged, blind, and other dependent persons. District courts have jurisdiction in cases involving dependent and neglected

children. The Orphans' Home and Industrial School provides care for such children.

The State Department of Public Welfare must administer and supervise all child

welfare activities, and it must inspect and require reports from all private in- stitutions, boarding homes, and agencies providing assistance, care, or other direct

services to dependent, neglected, and delinquent children.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children who are wards of the court. Delinquent boys may be committed

to the State Industrial School, and delinquent girls may be committed to the State

Girls' Welfare Home.

Services to the Blind. —The State Department of Public Welfare must initiate,

or cooperate with other aigencies in developing, measures for the prevention of blindness, restoration of eyesight, and vocational adjustment of blind persons.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Insane Asylum and State Home and Training School for Mental Defectives provide care and treatment for insane persons and mental defectives, respectively. Commitments to these institutions are made

by district courts. Care and service to mentally defective children are administered or supervised by the State Department of Public Welfare. The State Depart- ment must also inspect and require reports from all private institutions, boarding

homes, and agencies providing assistance, care, or other direct services to the feeble-minded.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Penitentiary provides for confinement and training

of adult delinquents. The State Prison Board adopts regulations for prisoners,

including regulations for paroles.

Crippled Children. —The State Department of Public Welfare must administer services for crippled children, including extension and improvement of services for locating children who are crippled or who are suffering from conditions which lead

to crippling. It must provide corrective and other services, care, and facilities

for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare for such children. The department

supervises those services not administered directly by it, and must inspect and

require reports from all private institutions, boarding homes, and agencies pro- viding assistance, care, or other direct services to crippled children.

Vocational Rehabil itation.—The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate

with health and welfare groups and any State agency charged with the administration

of laws providing for vocational rehabilitation of physically handicapped persons.

^The state department may, In Its discretion, establlsn local boards of public welfare and may allow SUCH boards to determine whether ornot assistance shall be granted and the amount thereof.

^The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate with and act as the agent of the Federal Government in public welfare matters of mutual concern. It must develop plans in cooperation with

other public and private agencies for the prevention as well as treatment of conditions giving

rise to public welfare problems. For names of State-aided institutions, see organizational chart.

''see discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Department of Public Welfare in relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 33?

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338 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NEW YORK

Relief and Public Assistance.—General relief, old age assistance, and blind

assistance are administered by the local public welfare officials of the public

welfare districts,^ under the supervision of the State Department of Social Welfare. Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by the city

and county boards of child welfare, where they exist, or by the local public welfare officials.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the children's courts. All children boarded, placed out, or committed by court

order are subject to the visitation emd supervision of the State Department of Social Welfare which must also visit, investigate, and supervise all child-caring

institutions, city and county boards of child welfare, and commissioners of public

welfare. Local public welfare officials are responsible for the welfare of children in need of public care, support, and protection not inconsistent with the jurisdiction of the children's court , and exclusive of the children under the care

of the local boards of child welfare. They must cooperate with the children's

courts, boards of child welfare, and other governmental and private agencies.- They

must also administer relief and care to children directly or through an authorized

agency, administer and supervise relief to families with destitute children ia

order, to prevent separation, and investigate and institute cases involving neg- lected children before the children's court. The Thomas Indian School provides

care, training, and education for orphan, destitute, or neglected Indian children.

Pensions in the form of a cash allowance for veterans having a service-connected

disability of at least 10 percent and in need are administered by the veteran re- lief commissioner of the State bureau for the relief of sick and disabled New York

veterans in the division of military and naval affairs of the executive department

under the supervision of the State Adjutant General. Other pensions in the form

of annuities for permanent disability because of loss of sight are administered

by the State Adjutant General. Direct relief is administered tj the relief com- mittees of various veteran organizations.^ Admissions to the State Women's Relief

Corps Home are determined by the board of visitors of the home, and care therein

is supervised by the State Board of Social Welfare.

Juvenile Del inquents.—The children's courts have jurisdiction incases involving

delinquent children. Such children may be placed on probation, remain at home

or in the home of a relative or other fit person or agency, or they may be com- mitted to a suitable institution or discharged to the custody of the commissioner

of public welfare or other officer, board, or department authorized to receive

children. All children boarded out, placed, or committed by a court order are subject to the visitation and supervision of the State Department of Social Welfare. Public welfare officials must bring cases involving delinquent children

before the children's court and receive delinquent children discharged to their

care by such court. The State Training School for Girls, the State Training School

for Boys, and the State Agricultural and Industrial School provide care and training for children committed to them by the children's court. Services to the Blind.—The State commission for the blind, under the supervision and control of the State Board of Social Welfare, must maintain a register

describing the condition, causes of blindness, capacity for education, and industrial training of each blind person in the State. The commission must maintain

one or more bureaus of information and may establish training schools and workshops to aid the blind in finding employment and teach them trades and occupations.

'For the purpose of admlnlstratl on of public relief, the cities of New Tork, Kingston, Oswego. Poughkeepsle , and the town and city of Newburgh each constitute a city public welfare district. Further, the territory of each county and the territory of each county exclusive of one of the above cities constitute a county public welfare district. The city of Auburn may elect to become a city public welfare district. In the administration of old age assistance, the territory

of each public welfare district constitutes an old age assistance district. The Siffalo Board

of Social Welfare Is responsible for the administration of general relief and veteran relief In

the city of Buffalo. ^Clvll War nurses are eligible to receive relief from the State Department of Social Welfare

or the State Department of the National Association of Civil War Army Nurses upon application to

a local public welfare official.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES « 339

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340 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

It may also assist blind persons to become self-supporting by furnishing materials

and machinery, emdmay assist them in the sale and distribution of their products.

Insane and Mental Defectives.—The State Department of Mental Hygiene has jurisdiction, supervision, and control of all State institutions for insane, mentally

deficient, and epileptic persons.^ Patients are admitted to institutions upon court commitment or upon voluntary application. The children's courts have jurisdiction in cases involving defective children, and local public welfare officials

must administer care to such children.*

Adult Del inquents.—The commissioner of the Department of Correction is charged

with the supervision, management, and control of the State institutions for adult delinquents. Six State prisons,^ theElmira State Reformatory, theWestfield State

Farm, and the State Vocational Institution provide for the confinement and training of adnlt delinquents. The Albion State Training School, the Institution for Male Defective Delinquents, theMatteawan State Hospital, the Dannemora State Hos- pital, and the Woodbourne Institution for Defective Delinquents provide for con- finement, care, treatment, and training of mentally deficient adult delinquents.

The director of probation in the State Department of Correction exercises general

supervision over the administration of probation with the advice of the State Probation Commission. The State Board of Parole administers provisions relating

to parole and supervises all persons so released.

^See organizational chart for Institutions caring Tor t&ese persons.

*Tiie children's court and the public neltare off Iclals have similar duties Inrelatlon to physically handicapped children.

See organizational chart.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 341

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NORTH CAROLINA

Re] lef and Publ i c Assistance. —General relief is administered by boards of county

commissioners through county superintendents of public welfare.^ Old age assistance and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by county

boards of charities and public welfare under the supervision of the State Board

of Charities and Public Welfare. Boards of county commissioners, subject to re- view by the State Board of Allotments and Appeal, may review and change decisions

of the county boards of charities and public welfare. Blind assistance is administered by boards of county commissioners under the supervision of the State Com- mission for the Blind. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Board of Charities and Public Welfare must promote

the welfare of dependent and delinquent children and provide for the placement

and supervision of such children. The board licenses and must inspect private

agencies and institutions for children and must investigate and supervise such institutions together with all other charitable institutions in the State. The

county superintendent of public welfare is the agent of the State board for any work done by the State board within the county. He has supervision of the care

of all dependent, neglected, and delinquent children in the respective counties.

Homes and hospitals for indigent orphan children may be established and maintained

by boards of county commissioners with the approval of the State Board of Charities cind Public Welfare.

Veterains' pensions are administered by the State Board of Pensions; county pension boards certify the eligibility of applicants. The county commissioners may increase the amount of the pensions to Confederate veterans, within the county,

above the amount paid by the State. ^ Care in the Confederate Soldiers' Home and

the Confederate Women's Home is administered by the boards of directors of the

homes. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The courts may place the child on probation, commit it to the custody of a relative or other person, or commit it to the custody of the State Board of Charities and Public Welfare to be placed in an institution, society,

association, or in a family home.* The Eastern Carolina Industrial Training School

for Boys, the Stonewall Jackson Manual Training and Industrial School, and the Morrison Training School receive and care for juvenile delinquents.

Services to the Blind. —The State Commission for the Blind must maintain a reg- ister describing the condition, causes of blindness, and capacity for education

and industrial training of each blind person. It must maintain oneormore bureaus

of information and industrial aidforthe purposeof finding employment and teaching trades and occupations which may be followed in the home. It may furnish

materials and equipment, establish oneormore training schools and workshops for employment, pay wages and all necessary expenses during the training period, pro- vide for the sale and distribution of products of the blind, and promote visits

among the blind in their homes. The commission must investigate causes of blindness and take measures for the prevention of blindness.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Board of Charities and Public Welfare

is responsible for the promotion of the welfare of insane and mentally defective

The state Board of Charl ties and Publl c Welfare and the commissioner are authorized to designate

the city of Rocky Mount as a welfare district, and to administer to the needy In that district

through an officer appointed by the city manager subject to the approval of the State board and

to be known as the city welfare officer. The city welfare officer must perform within the dis- trict all duties of county superintendents of welfare.

^The State Board of Charities and Public Welfare must investigate and supervise all charitable Institutions In the State, and It must cooperate with the Federal Government In public welfare matters of mutual concern.

'^Heed IS not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions.

*Se'e discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Board of Charities and Public Welfare in relation to children. ^Similar provisions have been made for deaf persons. The State Bureau of Labor for the Deaf must ascertain what trades and occupations are most suitable for the deaf, study methods of edu- cation for promoting general welfare of the deaf, and aid them to secure employment.
342 © STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 343

persons. The State Hospital at Morganton provides care and treatment for insane

white persons. The State Hospital at Raleigh provides care and treatment for in- sane and epileptic Indians and white persons. The State Hospital at Goldsboro

provides care and treatment for Negro insane and feeble-minded. Commitments to these institutions are made by the clerks of superior courts. The Caswell State Training School provides care and treatment for feeble-minded and mentally defective persons admitted upon applications approved by the local welfare officer,

the judge of the juvenile court or the clerk of the court, and the board of trus- tees of the school. The county superintendent of public welfare may petition for

the sterilization of any feeble-minded, epileptic, or mentally deficient person

on parole from a State institution, or at the request of a superintendent of an institution he may make a similar petition in relation to inmates of the institution.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Board of Charities and Public Welfare must investigate and supervise all penal institutions in the State. The State Prison, State Industrial Farm Colony for Women, and the State Home and Industrial School for

Girls and Women provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Highway and Public Works Commission establishes and controls all prison

camps; and it has charge of employment of prisoners. The Advisory Board of Paroles

assists the Governor in granting pardons, paroles, reprieves, and commutations.

The State Probation Commission must supervise administration of probation except

in cases under jurisdiction of the juvenile courts; and it must cooperate with

the courts. The commission is authorized to cooperate with county superintendents

of public welfare smd the State Board of Charities and Public Welfare. Crippled Children. —TJie State' Orthopedic Hospital provides care and treatment

for crippled children.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind. —The State School for the Blind and the Deaf provides education and care for blind white children and for deaf and blind

colored children. Application for admission is made to the board of directors of the school. The State School for the Deaf provides education and care for deaf white children admitted upon application to the board of directors of the school.

Tuberculars. —The State Sanatorium for the Treatment of Tuberculosis and the Western State Sanatorium for the Treatment of Tuberculosis provide care and treatment for patients admitted by the board of directors of these institutions.

Maternal and Chi Id Health. —The State Board of Charities and Public Welfare must

inspect and make reports on maternity homes.
344 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

NORTH DAKOTA

Relief and Public Ass (stance. —General relief is administered by county welfare

boards under the supervision of the State Public Welfare Board. Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes , and blind assistance are administered by the State Public Welfare Board assisted by the county welfare boards.^

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. It is the power and duty of the State Public Welfare Board

to promote the welfare of dependent, neglected, and delinquent children and to provide for the placement and supervision of dependent, neglected , and delinquent

children subject to the control of any court having jurisdiction of the case. The State board is also empowered to license child-caring agencies. County welfare

boards under the supervision of the State Public Welfare Board must cooperate with

all licensed private agencies and must coordinate all public and private activities in behalf of children. County boards of visitors and children's guardians,

where established, must visit child-caring institutions , societies, associations,

and persons receiving children. Boards of county commissioners may bind out poor children and see that they are properly cared for. Veterans' pensions are administered by the State adjutant general and the Governor; and care in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of trustees of the home.^ Juvenile Del inquents.— Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may allow a child to remain at home; appoint a guardian and order the child placed in a family home; or it may commit the child

to an association, an incorporated institution for delinquent children, to the State Training School, or to a local public institution for delinquent children.

It may permit proceedings against the child in accordance with laws governing the commission of crimes. When the health of the child requires, the court may place

it in a public hospital or institution.'* Services to the Blind.—The State Public Welfare Board must develop or cooperate with other agencies in developing measures for the prevention of blindness,

the restoration of eyesight, and the vocational adjustment of blind persons. Employment and instruction for the blind is provided in the State Blind Asylum.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives .—The State Hospital for the Insane and the Grafton State School provide care and treatment for the insane and for the feeble-minded,

idiotic, and epileptic, respectively. Commitments are by boards of county com- missioners of insanity. A board of county commissioners of insanity may, in conjunction with the juvenile court, commit any feeble-minded dependent, neglected,

or delinquent child to the Grafton State School. Sterilization of inmates is the responsibility of the board of examiners of each institution.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary provides for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The board of examiners of the institution determines

whether an inmate should be sterilized. The Governor, in conjunction with the

State Board of Reprieves, Commutations, and Pardons may remit fines and forfeitures, and may grant reprieves , commutations, and pardons except in cases of treason and impeachment. The State Board of Pardons must pass upon applications for

discharge or parole of all persons sentenced under the indeterminate sentence law.

^Ttie State Public Welfare Board must act as the agent of the State In a.ay social welfare ac- tivity initiated by the Federal Government and must cooperate with the Federal Government in public welfare matters of mutual concern.

^The State Board of Administration has similar powers and duties in relation to children. In order to receive benefits under the Federal Social Security Act, the State Board of Administration and the State Public Welfare Board agreed to consolidate the activities of the children s

.

bureau of the State Board of Administration with those of the newly organized division of child welfare of the State Public Welfare Board by employing one supervisor to administer both agencies.

^geed IS not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions or care in the State Soldiers' Home.

*See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the county

boards of visitors and children's guardians. State Public Welfare Board, and State Board of Ad- ministration in relation to children.

^The board of examiners for each institution consists of the chief medical officers of the

institution', the secretary of tne State Board of Healtn, and a physician appointed by the State

Board of Administration.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 345

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346 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Crippled Children. —The State Public Welfare Board must secure surgical and

hospital care for crippled children conimitted to it by the county courts and administer services to crippled children under provisions of the Federal Social

Security Act.® Education of the Deaf and Dumb, —The State School for the Deaf and Dumb provides

education for children of suitable age and capacity. The Governor may arrange with the States of South Dakota or Minnesota for the education of blind children.

Tuberculars. —The Tuberculosis Sanatorium provides care and treatment for tubercular persons admitted upon the approval of the superintendent of the Tuberculosis

Sanatorium and the State Board of Administration.

Public Health Service and Maternal and Child Health. —The State Public Welfare

Board must administer, allocate, and distribute State and Federal funds available

for public health service and maternal and child health.

These provisions Include services for locating crippled children, providing rued leal, surgical,

corrective, and other care, and facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare for children who are crippled or who are suffering frora conditions which lead to crippling.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 347

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

OHIO

Rel lef and Publl c Assistance. —General relief is administered by boards of county

commissioners, township trustees, or city directors of public safety. The State

Relief Director must examine the conduct and method of local relief administration

and the State auditor is empowered to make outside investigation of relief re- cipients. Old age assistance is administered by the division of aid for the aged

of the State Department of Public Welfare. Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by juvenile court judges or other board or agency designated

by charter or loced law, under the supervision of the division of public assistance

of the State Department of Public Welfare. Blind assistance is administered by

boards of county commissioners under the supervision of the commission for the blind within the Department of Public Welfare.^ Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts or courts of common pleas and probate courts where there are no juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Welfare, through the division

of public assistance, licenses child-caring and child-placing agencies and must investigate the care given by all public and private institutions and agencies.

It must seek family homes for the wards of the department and maintain a bureau

of juvenile research. Boards of trustees of county children's homes or county

child welfare boards, where established by boards of county commissioners with the approval of the director of the State Department of Public Welfare, must re- ceive children for care and treatment and locate homes for such children. The

probation department of the juvenile court supervises children placed in private

homes. The State Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home provides care for children

of indigent soldiers, sailors, marines, and nurses. Such children are admitted

upon application to the trustees of the home. Direct relief to veterans is administered by county soldiers' relief commissions

which appoint township or ward soldiers' relief committees to assist them. Veterans

are admitted to the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home emd the Madison Home for veterans upon application to the State Department of Public Welfare.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Cases involving delinquent children come within the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts. The court may commit a child to a county children's home, private home. State or county institution, training or industrial

school, a child-caring association approved by the State Department of Public

Welfare, or to the State Department of Public Welfare. The court may order a child

placed in a public or private hospital or institution for special care if the health or condition of the child requires it. Boards of county visitors represent

the interests of a child when proceedings have been instituted for its commitment

to the Boys' State Industrial School or the Girls' State Industrial Home or to institutions receiving juvenile delinquents.

Servi ces to the Blind. —The commission for the blind within the State Department

of Public Welfare must act as a bureau of information and industrial aid to assist

the blind in finding employment and to teach trades. The commission must maintain

a register of the blind, describing condition and causes of blindness and capacity

for training of each blind person in the State. It must also investigate causes

of blindness and cooperate with the State Board of Health in developing and en- forcing preventive measures. It may establish and maintain industrial training

schools and workshops, provide for support of the blind during training , pay wages,

and handle the sale of their products.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —Commitments to the State Hospitals for the Insane, the State Institutions for Feeble-minded, and the State Hospital for Epileptics

are made by probate judges. Voluntary applications for admission to these institutions are made to the superintendents and are regulated by the division of mental

diseases in the State Department of Public Welfare. The State Department of

Federal Oovernment In the administration or the Federal Social Security Act. Boards of county visitors (appointed by probate Judge) must Investigate all public and private charitable and correctional Institutions supported In whole or In part by county or municipal

taxation or under county or municipal control.
348 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 349

Public Welfare must act as a lunacy commission to determine the mental condition

of any person committed to any hospital or county jail and may remove such person tothe proper institution. The division of mental diseases has general supervision

of institutions maintained by public funds for the mentally ill and licenses pri- vate hospitals for such patients. The bureau of mental hygiene, within the division

of mental diseases, must investigate causes and methods of prevention of mental

illness.

Adult Del inquents. —The State Penitentiary, the State Reformatory, the London

Prison Farm, emd the State Reformatory for Women provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The division of public assistance of the State Department of Public Welfare and boards of county visitors must investigate county and

municipal jails and workhouses. The board of parole, in the State Department of Public Welfare, has power to parole, pardon, release, and grant commutations and

reprieves. County probation departments, when established, supervise, according

to rules of the board of parole, persons on parole or persons conditionally par- doned from penal, reformatory, or correctional institutions, if so requested by the State Department of Public Welfare. The State department must supervise pro- bation and parole officers throughout the State, and endeavor to secure the en- forcement of probation and parole laws. Crippled Children. —The State Department of Public Welfare, through the division

of public assistance, must locate crippled children and children who are suffering

from conditions which lead to crippling and provide them with services including

facilities for diagnosis, medical, surgical, and corrective care, hospitalization,

and aftercare. The department must arrange for the treatment and education of crippled children committed to it by juvenile courts. Tuberculars. —The State Sanatorium provides care for tuberculous residents of the State. Admissions and discharges of patients are governed by rules of the State Department of Health, subject to approval of the State Department of Public

Welfare.
350 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

OKLAHOMA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief financed by State funds is administered by the State Board of Public Welfare through such agencies as it may establish.* General relief financed by State and county funds is administered by the the board of county commissioners and the county health officer acting as the county welfare board under the supervision of the State Board of Public Welfare.

The State board may appoint a representative to act in the place of the county

welfare board. Indoor relief, financed by county funds alone, is administered by

boards of county commissioners acting .as overseers of the poor.^ Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are ad- ministered by the State Public Welfare Commission' assisted by county assistance

boards. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Public Welfare Commission is authorized to establish

a division for the protection and care of homeless dependent and neglected children

and children in danger of becoming delinquent and to provide adequate child welfare

services. The State Commissioner of Charities and Corrections is empowered to license child-caring agencies and must inspect and examine all private agencies

and State and local institutions. Boards of county commissioners may establish

county homes for children. The State Board of Public Affairs may contract for

the care of children in child-caring institutions not State owned or operated.

The board may appoint officers to cooperate with all public and private childcaring agencies, and to find homes in institutions for children and supervise such

homes. The Whitaker State Orphan Home, the West Oklahoma Home for White Children,

and the Institute for Colored Deaf, Blind, and Orphans receive and care for children. Veterans' pensions are administered by the State Commissioner of Pensions as- sisted by the county judges. Care of veterans in the Confederate Soldiers' Home

and Union Soldiers' Home is administered by the board of trustees of each home,

under the supervision of the State Commissioner of Charities and Corrections.

The State Soldiers' Relief Commission must provide emergency temporary and permanent relief for honorably discharged, disabled, and diseased ex-service persons

of the World War and other wars of the United States. Juvenile Delinquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit a child to the custody of a probation

officer or other person, or to an accredited association caring for dependent and

neglected children; allow the child to remain at home; or place it in a family

home. It may also commit children to the State Training School for White Boys,

State Industrial School for White Girls, State Training School for Colored Boys,

State Training School for Colored Girls, or to any institution incorporated under

State laws that may care for delinquent children or that may be provided by the

city or county for care of delinquent children. Care in State institutions is

supervised by the board of managers for children's institutions. Juvenile courts

must report to the State Commissioner of Charities and Corrections regarding cases

of delinquent children.*

Services to the Blind.—The State Commission for the Adult Blind must obtain

information concerning the adult blind in the State, find employment for them,

and perform such other duties as may tend to make them more efficient.

Insane and Mental Defectives.—The State Lunacy Commission has general supervision of policy of the State hospitals for the insane. The Central, Eastern,

^The state Board ot Public Welfare Is authorized to cooperate with Federal agencies In order

to procure Federal funds for general relief.

^The State Commissioner ol Charities and Corrections has the poser to Investigate the entire

system of public charities and corrections and to examine the management of all almshouses,

prisons, jalls, reform and Industrial schools, hospitals, ln»TMfJ««' ^^^f^"'^?' °J??!?^^;

and all public and private retreats and asylums which receive State, county, or city funds. The commissioner must Inspect and license private hospitals. Infirmaries, dispensaries, retreats, rescue homes, orphanages, and foundling Institutions.

^The State Public Welfare Commission has the authority to cooperate with the Federal Govenment

in order to secure the benefits of the Federal Social Security Act.

*See discussion of care of dependent and neglected cWldren, ^""^^ n^^L.M"„^„',^n''relaMonio

public Welfare Commission and the State Commissioner of Charities and Corrections In relation to

children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES © 351

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and Western State Hospitals for the Insane and the State Hospital for the Negro Insane provide care and treatment for insane persons committed by county courts. The Northern State Hospital provides care ana treatment for epileptic and feebleminded persons committed by county courts. The State Commissioner of Charities

and Corrections represents before the court having jurisdiction defective minors

who are inmates of public institutions.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary and the State Reformatory provide

for confinement and training of adult delinquents. Applications for pardons,

paroles, and commutations of sentences must be passed upon by the State Board of Pardons.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 353

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

OREGON

Relief and Public Ass i stance.—There are two programs for the administration

of general relief. Institutional care is administered by county courts or boards

of county commissioners without supervision; direct relief is administered by

county relief committees under the supervision of the State Relief Committee.

Old age assistance is administered by the State Relief Committee assisted by the

county relief committees. Aid to dependent children in their own homes and blind

assistance are administered by the county relief committees under supervision of

the State Relief Committee. The State Commission for the Blind and Prevention of

Blindness must cooperate with the State Relief Committee in the administration of

blind assistance and, upon request , make investigations and recommendations to the

committee regarding medical service for restoration of sight and employability of

the applicant

.

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Relief Committee administers child welfare services

and is authorized to cooperate with any agencies in the State providing protection

and care of dependent or neglected children or children in danger of becoming

delinquent.^ County relief committees are charged with the administration of all

assistance and relief to children within their respective counties under the control and supervision of the State Relief Committee. The State Child Welfare Commission licenses and must inspect and supervise all child-caring agencies in the

State, and it must report abuses to the State Board of Control. The commission

may also require reports from juvenile courts on children placed out under court

order. County boards of visitors appointed by juvenile courts must inspect all

institutions to which commitments are made. Direct relief to veterans is administered by the county relief committee and

commander or captain of the post or camp representing the war in which the veterans were engaged, in cooperation with the county courts. Where there is no post

or camp, direct relief is administered by the county judge or, in counties of

100,000 population or more, by an officer appointed by the board of county commissioners.

Juvenile Del inquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit a child to the care of a probation

officer, cause it to be placed in a family home or a county or city institution,

or commit the child to the State Training School (for boys) or to the State Industrial School (for girls 1.2 Services to the Blind.—The State Commission for the Blind and Prevention of

Blindness must maintain a register of the blind, describing the condition, cause

of blindness, and capacity for education and industrial training of each blind

person. It must maintain a bureau for the prevention of blindness, one or more

bureaus for vocational aid, and may establish one or more training schools and workshops for employment of blind persons. It is empowered to pay employees

suitable wages andtodevise means forthe sale and distribution of ^heir products.

The commission may also pay necessary expenses for blind persons during their

training in any suitable occupation and provide home teaching, materials, tools,

and social service. It may provide medical and surgical treatment. The Oregon

Blind Trade School provides vocational training to adult blind.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives.—The State Hospital and the 'Eastern State Hospital

provide care and treatment for insane persons and the Fairview Home for Feebleminded cares for and trains feeble-minded, idiotic, or epileptic persons. Commitments to these institutions are made by the county or circuit judges. Provisions

for the sterilization of insane, feeble-minded, and epileptic persons are administered by the State Board of Eugenics.^

'The State Relief Committee Is authorlzea to accept and disburse Federal funds for public

welfare.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected cbUdren, above, tor powers of the State Child Welfare Commission, State Board of Control, State Relief Committee, and county boards of visitors In relation to children.

^The State Board of Eugenics Is composed of the superintendents of the two hospitals for the insane, the superintendent of the penitentiary, and members of the State Board of Health.

138640 O—39 24
354 • STATE PUBLIC WELFAR€ LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 355

Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary provides for confinement and training of adult delinguents. Paroles may be granted by the Governor upon his own

motion or upon recommendation of the State Parole Board. The State Probation

Commission is charged with the administration of probation. Provisions for sterilization are administered by the State Board of Eugenics.

Crippled Children.—The State Relief Committee administers the program of services to children who are crippled or who are suffering from conditions which lead

to crippling. The committee must supervise the administration of those services

that it does not administer directly, and it is authorized to cooperate with other

health and welfare groups administering laws providing for vocational rehabilitation of physically handicapped children.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Blind and

the State School for the Deaf provide education for all blind and deaf children,

respectively. Appropriations for readers for blind students attending State in- stitutions of higher learning must be distributed under supervision of the State Commission for the Blind and Prevention of Blindness.

Tuberculars.—The State Tuberculosis Hospital and the Eastern State Tuberculosis

Hospital admit patients upon application to the superintendent of the proper institution. An application must be accompanied by a certification of residence

by the county or circuit judge of the county.
356 « STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

PENNSYLVANIA

Relief and Public Assistance.—General relief, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by

county boards of assistance under the supervision of the State Department of Public

Assistance. ^ Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving dependent and neglected

children. The State Department of Welfare has supervision over all children's

institutions and boarding homes licensed by it, and may provide for the placing of children. The Thaddeus Stevens Industrial School and the State Soldiers' Orphans'

School receive and care for dependent and neglected children. The local authorities of county and city institution districts under the supervision of the State Department of Welfare must place all dependent children committed to their care

in foster homes or institutions. County commissioners may establish and maintain

homes and schools for dependent and neglected children.

Relief to veterans is administered by the State adjutant general. Veterans' pensions are administered by the State Department of Military Affairs.^ The State veterans' commission acts in an advisory capacity to the State Department of Military Affairs and the adjutant general. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers'

and Sailors' Home is administered by the board of trustees of the home under the

supervision of the State Department of Military Affairs.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children, except in cases where a child is charged with m.urder. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home, place it in a family home, or

commit it to a city, State, or county child-caring institution, incorporated as- sociation or society, or to an industrial or training school. Delinquent boys may be committed to the State Industrial School, while both delinquent boys and delinquent girls may be committed to the State Training School.'' Services to the Blind.—The State Council for the Blind must formulate a general

program for the prevention of blindness and the improvement of the conditions of the blind. It must make recommendations to public or private agencies concerned

with the blind and cooperate with such agencies in matters concerning their education, welfare, and placement. It must also supply information to other agencies

concerning the mental and physical condition of blind persons. The boards of county commissioners in county institution districts and city departments of public

welfare incity institution districts under the supervision of the State Department

of Welfare may provide employment for the blind.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The following State hospitals provide for the care and treatment of the insane: Homeopathic State Hospital for the Insane at Allentown, State Hospital for the Insane at Danville, State Hospital for the Criminal Insane at Farview, Harrisburg State Hospital, State Hospital for Insane of Southeastern District at Norristown, Western State Hospital for the Insane at Torrance, State Hospital for the Insane at Warren, and the State Asylum forChronic

Insane of Pennsylvania at South Mountain. The Laurelton State Village for Feebleminded Women, the Pennhurst State School for Feeble-minded and Epileptics, the

Polk State School for Feeble-minded, and the Selinsgrove State Colony for Epileptics provide for the care and treatment of feeble-minded and epileptic persons. "* The Dixmont Hospital and the Elwyn Training School are State-aided institutions

which provide care and treatment for mental defectives. Persons are admitted to these institutions by voluntary application, application of a friend or relative,

order of court of common pleas or other court of record, by commitment upon physician's certificate, or upon an inquiry of a commission which finds that the person is mentally ill. The State Department of Welfare supervises all places

The department must cooperate with agencies of the United States OoTernment In matters ol mutual

concern.

Seed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions.

3See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for the powers of the State Department of Welfare In relation to children.

4 Selinsgrove State Colony for Epileptics also receives and cares for Insane persons.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 357

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of detention of the insane and mentally unsound persons, and must enforce regulations on all matters relative to such persons. Requisitions for State funds for care of the insane in county or private institutions must be approved by the State Department of Welfare.

Adult Delinquents. —The Ecistern State Penitentiary, the Western State Penitentiary, the State Industrial Home for Women, and the State Industrial School provide for the confinement and training of adult delinquents. Except in cases of impeachment, the State Board of Pardons is empowered to hear applications for,

and to make recommendations to the Governor upon, the remission of fines and forfeitures, the granting of reprieves, commutations of sentence, and pardons. The

board supervises prisoners paroled from the above institutions.

Crippled Children. —Juvenile courts may commit dependent and neglected children

who are crippled to a home for crippled children, an orthopedic hospital, the State Hospital for Crippled Children,^ or some other institution. All such homes and institutions except the State Hospital for Crippled Children are under the super- vision of the State Department of Welfare, and requisitions for State funds for

the care of crippled children in homes or hospitals must be approved by that department . State Owned Medical and Surgical Hospitals. —The following State hospitals which

are under the supervision and direct ion of the State Department of Welfare provide treatment for sick and injured persons: Ashland State Hospital, Blossburg State Hospital, Connellsville State Hospital, Philipsburg State Hospital, Hazleton State Hospital, Locust Mountain State Hospital, Nanticoke State Hospital, Coaldale State Hospital, Scranton State Hospital, and Shamokin State Hospital. Indigent injured persons must be given precedence in admission to the Ashland, Blossburg, Connellsville, and Philipsburg State Hospitals.

The state Hospital for Crippled Children Is under the Jurisdiction of the State Department of Health.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 359

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PU'BL I C WELFARE

RHODE ISLAND

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by the local

directors of public welfare or by local work relief bureaus under the supervision

of the State Unemployment Relief Commission.^ Old age assistance is administered

by the Bureau of Old Age Security^ of the Division of Social Security in the State Department of Public Welfare. Aid to dependent children in their own homes is administered by the Bureau of Aid to Dependent Children of the Division of Social

Security in the State Department of Public Welfare, assisted by local directors

of public welfare or local boards of aid to dependent children.'' Blind assistance

is administered by the State Department of Public Welfare.'' Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Welfare must promote the en- forcement of all laws for the protection of dependent ajid neglected children. It must cooperate with the courts and all public and private child welfare agencies,

and is empowered to license child-caring agencies. The Bureau of Children's Care

of the Division of Social Security in the State Department of Public Welfare may receive and place dependent, neglected, and vagrant children in foster homes or private institutions. All organizations caring for children must report annually

to the State department. The State Home and School under the control of the State Department of Public Welfare receives and cares for dependent and neglected children. Direct relief granted to veterans by cities and towns is administered by town

, councils or boards of aldermen. Direct relief granted to veterans by the State

is administered by the Division of Soldiers' and Sailors' Relief in the State Department of Public Welfare. Care of veterans in the State Soldiers' Home is administered by the commandant of the home under the supervision of the Division

of Soldiers' and Sailors' Relief in the State Department of Public Welfare.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may parole a child to the care of a probation

officer, parent, or custodian; or it may commit it to the Sockanosset School for

Boys or the Oaklawn School for Girls.* The State Department of Public Welfare

must promote the enforcement of all laws for the protect ion of delinquent children,

and the Director of Public Welfare may, at th'e request of a parent or guardian,

admit a child to one of the above institutions.

Services to the Blind. —The Division of Rehabilitation of Crippled and Blind in the State Department of Education administers provisions for the rehabilitation

of the blind. The division may provide for the instruction of the adult blind in their homes. The supervisor of the Bureau for the Blind, in the division, must keep a register of the blind describing their condition, causes of blindness, and

capacity for educational and industrial training. He must maintain a placement

service for trained applicants and determine fitness of blind applicants for work.

He has charge of home teaching, workshops, and salesrooms for the sale of products

of the blind, and he must cooperate with the State Board of Vocational Training.

The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate with the Bureau for the Blind

in the Department of Education, and with other agencies in measures for the prevention of blindness, restoration of sight , and vocational adjustment of blind persons.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Director of Public Welfare may designate

the indigent and insane persons who shall be beneficiaries of State aid. The

State Hospital for Mental Diseases cares for both voluntary patients who are mentally ill or drug addicts and patients committed as insane by district courts or the Supreme Court. The State Department of Public Welfare promotes enforcement

of all laws for the protection of defective children. The Director of the State

Indoor rellel or care by contract with private ramllles Is administered by local otflolals

without State supervision. The State Infirmary receives persons who have no legal settlement In

a town or who are sent at the expense of the tovm. '^he bureau may mate such rules and regulations as are necessary to conform to Federal legis- lation concerning the protection, welfare, and assistance of aged persons.

''The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate with the Federal Social Security Board.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers and duties of the State Department of Public Welfare relating to children.
360 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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Department of Education makes recommendations to the Governor for the selection

of imbecile children as beneficiaries of State aid. The Exeter School provides

education and custodial care for feeble-minded children and adults who are admitted

upon application to the State Department of Public Welfare or committed fo the School by district or juvenile courts. Adult Del inquents.—The State Prison, State Reformatory for Men, State Reformatory for Women, and Providence County Jail provide for the confinement and training of adult delinq.uents. The State Parole Board has charge of paroles from these

institutions. The State Department of Public Welfare may parole certain persons

in county jails and persons in State institutions under its control who are not

under the jurisdiction of the State Parole Board. The Division of Probation and Criminal Statistics supervises and controls all persons who are placed on probation by the courts or who are on parole from penal and correctional institutions.

It must gather criminal statistics and make them available to the various officers

of the State. Crippled Chi Idren.—The State Department of Public Welfare must provide the

State Department of Public Health with lists of crippled children in State institutions and otherwise cooperate with it in the care of crippled children.

Tuberculars.—The State Sanatorium cares for tuberculars with a legal residence

in a city or town who are admitted at the reguest of local directors of public

welfare and at the expense of the city or town. Indigent patients who have no

legal settlement in a city or town- are cared for at the expense of the State.

Patients of the sanatorium are admitted upon application to the superintendent.
362 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

SOUTH CAROLINA

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief provided from county funds is administered by boards of county coiranissioners. ^ General relief provided from

State funds, old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes,

and blind assistance are administered by the State Department of Public Welfare^

through the county departments of public welfare.'^ Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. County advisory boards to juvenile courts must visit public

and private institutions to which children are committed and cooperate with the courts for the welfare of children. These boards control and manage the county

detention homes. Boards of county commissioners may bind out children. The State Department of Public Welfare is empowered to cooperate with the Federal Government

in the administration of child welfare services for the protection and care of dependent and neglected children and children in danger of becoming delinquent .* County departments of public welfare, under the supervision of the State Department

of Public Welfare, must promote the enforcement of laws for the protection of children and for general child welfare. The State Children's Bureau may place out

in family homes for adoption destitute, neglected, and delinquent children com- mitted to its care. Care of children in the John de la Howe Industrial School is administered by a board of trustees. Veterans' pensions are administered by county boards of honor. ^ Care in the State Confederate Home is administered by the commission for the home, under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare.

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may place the children on probation or commit them

to the custody of a relative or other person, to the custody of the State Department

of Public Welfare for placement in a family home, toan institution maintained by

the State or any subdivision thereof, or to a private institution or association

authorized to care for children. The State Industrial School for White Boys, the State Industrial School for White Girls, and the State Reformatory for Negro Boys care for juvenile delinquents. The case of a child 14 years of age or over charged

with a felony may be transferred to the circuit court.

Services to the Blind.—The State Department of Public Welfare must cause to

be maintained a register of the blind in the State, describing the condition, cause of blindness, and capacity for education and industrial training of each blind person. It may develop, or cooperate with other agencies in developing, measures for prevention of blindness, the restoration of eyesight, and vocational

adjustment of blind persons. The State advisory council for the blind, under

direction of the State Department of Public Welfare, must inquire ijito the causes

of blindness, inaugurate and cooperate in preventive measures, provide treatment

for restoration of eyesight, aid the blind in finding employment, teach trades

and occupations, and assist in disposing of products made in home industries.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives.—The State Hospital provides care and treatment

for insane persons admitted upon application to the superintendent or committed

Relief from county funds Is administered In Darlington County by a county commission of public welfare appointed by the county board of directors. Tne commission may be abolished at any time

in order to conform to State or Federal legislation and to obtain State and/or Federal funds.

2The State Department of Public Welfare has authority to Investigate all public and private charitable Institutions and agencies. Charitable organizations must be approved by the State Department of Public Welfare before they may be incorporated. It is also authorized to act as the agent of the State, and to cooperate with any Federal agency for "the purpose of carrying out matters of mutual concern and to administer any Federal funds granted the State In the furtherance

of duties of the department.

In- Charleston County the county welfare board administers relief and public assistance financed

from State funds under the supervision of the State department.

The State department is authorl'zed to investigate public or private institutions and agencies concerned with the care, custody, or training of persons or dealing with the problems of delinquency, dependency, or defectiveness.

Veed Is not specified as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Children's Bureau, the State Department of Public Welfare, county departments of public welfare,

and county advisory boards to Juvenile courts In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 363

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by probate judges. The State Training School provides care and treatment for feeble-minded persons admitted upon application to the board of regents of the school or committed by probate judges. Public or private institutions and agencies

concerned with the care, custody , or training of persons or the handling of problems

of defectiveness, are subject to investigation by the State Department of Riblic

Welfare. Juvenile courts have jurisdiction of children under 16 years of age who

are insane or feeble-minded. The State Children's Bureau must place in institutions

defective and otherwise handicapped children committed to its care. Adult Del inquents.~The State Penitentiary and the V/omen's State Penitentiary

provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons must make recommendations on petitions for pardons or commutations of sentences referred to it by the Governor. The State Department of Public Welfare

has authority to investigate public or private institutions and agencies concerned

with the problems of delinquency.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 365

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

SOUTH DAKOTA

Rel ief and Publ ic Assistance. —General relief is administered by boards of county

commissioners assisted by township boards or governing bodies of towns or cities.

Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes , and blind assistance are administered by the State Department of Social Security. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts. The division of child welfare in the State Department of Social Security must secure the enforcement of all laws relative to the welfare

of children, and it must develop satisfactory standards of care in public and private child-caring organizations. All public and private institutions and homes

in the State which receive and care for children are subject to the visitation,

inspection, and supervision of the State Board of Charities and Corrections. The

county child welfare boards must perform such duties as may be required of them

by the State Department of Social Security through the division of child welfare,

and they must act in a general advisory capacity to county and municipal authorities relative to all social questions.

Relief toveterans and totheir wives or widows is provided intheState Soldiers'

Home. The county judges make all commitments to the home. The State board of managers of the State Soldiers' Home is empowered to grant direct relief to Civil War veterans and to their wives or widows.

Juvenile Del inquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may allow a delinquent child to remain in its own

home subject to the visitation of a probation officer or commit it to a childcaring institution or association, such as the State Training School. The State parole officer is charged with the duty of securing homes and employment for all persons paroled from the State Training School. In his supervision of all such

persons, he may obtain the assistance of the county child welfare boards and pro- bation officers.

Services to the Blind.—The State Department of Social Security must develop,

or cooperate with other agencies that are developing , measures for the prevention

of blindness, the restoration of eyesight , and the vocational adjustment of blind

persons.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The Yankton State Hospital provides care and treatment for the insane and the State School and Home for Feeble-minded provides

care, treatment, and education for imbecile , feeble-minded, and epileptic persons. County boards of commissioners of the insane, which constitute subcommissions of

the State Commission for the Control of the Feeble-minded, must investigate cases

involving the insane or feeble-minded, and they may make commitments to appropriate

institutions. The State commission has authority in all matters pertaining to

the care, supervision, and control of feeble-minded persons not confined in the

State School and Home for Feeble-minded and determines conditions under which such

persons may remain outside this institution. Inspection of all private homes or

institutions providing mental treatment of children or adults must be made by the

State Board of Charities and Corrections. This board, together with the superintendent of the State School and Home for Feeble-minded, must investigate and examine all cases of sterilization of inmates of the home and may order the necessary operations to be performed. Appeal from such orders is allowed to the State Commission for Control of the Feeble-minded, and then to the circuit court. Standards for care of mentally handicapped children by public agencies and private

organizations must be developed by the division of child welfare in the State

Department of Social Security which must also promote the enforcement of laws

relative to the welfare of such children.

*Ttie department must cooperate with the Federal Government In such a reasonable manner necessary

to quality for Federal aid for assistance to the needy aged, assistance to the needy blind, aid

to dependent children, and child welfare services.

^See discussion or care of dependent and neglected children, above, Tor powers and duties or

the State Board of Charities and Corrections, the county child welfare boards, and the division

of child welfare In the State Department of Social Security In relation to children.
366 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES « 367

Adult Delinquents. —The State Penitentiary provides for the confinement and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons is empovrered to establish rules and regulations governing applications for pardons, commutations of sentences, and remissions of fines. The State parole officer under the supervision,

direction, and control of the State Board of Charities and Corrections must assist

in enforcing provisions for paroles, pardons, and indeterminate and suspended

sentences. He must also supervise all persons paroled or discharged, attempt to secure homes and employment for them, and aid in their reformation. The Governor,

upon recommendation of the warden of the penitentiary and the State Board of Charities and Corrections, may parole certain convicts. The Governor may also

remit fines and forfeitures, and grant reprieves, commutations, and pardons, ex- cept in cases of impeachment. In case of life imprisonment the recommendation of

the State Board of Pardons is required.

Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Deaf and the State School for the Blind provide education for deaf and blind youths of the

State. The State Board of Charities and Corrections may provide care for dependent

blind infants. It must inspect private agencies or institutions providing for the physical treatment of children or adults.

Tuberculars.—The State Sanatorium for Tuberculosis provides care and treatment

for residents of the State suffering from tuberculosis. Application is made to

the superintendent, and county residence is certified by the county judge.

Maternal and Clii Id Health,—The division of child welfare in the State Department

of Social Security must secure the enforcement of laws for the protection of unmarried mothers and unmarried pregnant women so as to protect the health, wellbeing, and general interests of the child. It must further the development of

local public services for children through consultation and demonstration services.
368 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

TENNESSEE

Relief and Public Assi stance.—General relief is administered by county courts.

Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their ovm homes, and blind assistance are administered by the Department of Institutions and Public Welfare

through regional directors who act jointly with county judges or chairmen of the

county court. Juvenile court judges having jurisdiction coextensive with the geographical limitations of the respective county also act with the regional directors, county judges, or chairmen of the county courts in furnishing aid to dependent children in their own homes. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts which may appoint boards to visit all agencies receiving

such children. The Department of Institutions and Public Welfare must administer

or supervise all child welfare services including the licensing and inspection of

private child-caring agencies and the supervision and inspection of local childcaring agencies, institutions, and boarding homes. It must supervise the care of

dependent and neglected children in foster homes and institutions. Regional directors of public welfare must perform, in their respective regions, such duties

as may be prescribed by the commissioner of the Department of Institutions and

Public Welfare. The Tennessee Industrial School receives and cares for dependent

and neglected children. The county courts are empowered to bind out as apprentices orphans and children of persons unable to provide for their support , and they

may establish institutions for neglected children. Veteran relief in the form of pensions is administered by the State Board of

Pension Examiners. ^ Admissions to the Confederate Soldiers' Home are determined

by the Department of Institutions and Public Welfare.

Juvenile Del Inquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children. The court may commit any such child to the Tennessee Industrial

School, the State Training and Agricultural School for Boys, the State Training

and Agricultural School for Colored Boys, the State Vocational School for Girls,

or the State Vocational School for Colored Girls. Counties, cities, and towns

are empowered to establish local reformatories.

Services to the Blind.—The commissioner of the State Department of Education

must maintain a register of the blind in the State, describing the condition,

causes of blindness, and capacity for education and industrial training of each

blind person. He must act as a bureau of information and industrial aid to assist

the blind to find employment and to ievelop home industries. He must also establish and maintain one or more schools for industrial training and workshops, pay

employees wages, and devise means for the sale of products. The commissioner may

provide temporary board and lodging for workmen or pupils received at any industrial school or workshop, devise means to facilitate the circulation of books, and

promote visits among the aged or helpless blind in their homes. Insane and Mental Defectives.—The Central, Eastern, and Western State Hospitals

provide care and treatment for insane persons committed by county judges, chairmen

of county courts, and probate judges or courts. The State Hospital for the Criminally Insane cares for insane criminals committed by judges of criminal courts

and those transferred from other institutions upon certification of insanity by

the superintendent and physician of the institution from which they are transferred. The State Rome and School for Feeble-minded Persons cares for persons admitted upon application of parents or guardians to the commissioner of the Department of Institutions and Public Welfare or the superintendent of the home, or

committed by the judges of the chancery, circuit, county, or probate courts.

'The department must administer or supervise all functions establlsSed, or to 6e estabUsned,

pursuant to the provisions 'of the Federal Social Security Act, with the exception of "h^Sloyment compensation, maternal and child health, public heal th. vocational rehabUtatlon and crippled Children's services. The department must cooperate with the Federal Social Security Board

and with any other Federal agency In any reasonable manner necessary to Qualify for Federal aid

except as heretofore mentioned. ^ ^\

^Seed is not speclllea as a condition of eligibility for veterans' pensions. J.«l5

3see discussion of care of dependent and neglected children above, f" P°w";= J^.^^.f "iL°e

the Department of Institutions and Public Welfare and the regional directors of public welfare

in relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 369

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370 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

Adult Delinquents. —The State Penitentiary aind the Brushy Mountain Penitentiary

and Mines provide for the confinement and training of adult delinquents. The

State Board of Pardons, Paroles, and Probation must advise amd make recommendations to the Governor with respect to pardons. It must, upon request of the Governor, make investigations and report upon the circumstances, records, and the social, physical, and mental conditions of prisoners under consideration by the Governor for pardon, commutation of sentence, or restoration of citizenship. The

board must study cases of all persons eligible for parole to determine their fit- ness for parole. Persons who are paroled are subject to the supervision of agents

of the board. Regional directors of public welfare must visit all penal and cor- rectional institutions within their respective regions.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES o 371

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

TEXAS

Relief and Public Assistance. —State programs for general relief , blind assistance, and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the State Board of Control, division of public welfare,^ through local agencies which

it designates. Local programs for general relief and aid to dependent children,

administered by county commissioners' courts, are also provided for. Old age assistance is administered by the State Old Age Assistance Commission through

local agencies which it designates. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts. The county juvenile board, composed of the judges of the several district and criminal district courts and in some instances the county

judges, may recommend the type of care to be given children adjudged to be dependent

and neglected. All commitments to State charitable and reformatory institutions

by juvenile courts must be approved by the division of public welfare of the State Board of Control. The division must promote general child welfare services and

the enforcement of all laws for the protection of children. It also licenses and must inspect all agencies caring for dependent , neglected, defective, and illegiti- mate children. The county commissioners' courts may appoint child welfare boards

to perform such duties as the commissioners or State Board of Control may require.

Such courts may establish detention homes and schools for dependent and delinquent

children. The State Orphans' Home, the Waco State Home, the State Colored Orphans'

Home, and the State Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Asylum for Colored Youths and Colored

Orphans receive and care for dependent and neglected children. State pensions to veterans are administered by county judges. The State Board

of Control must pass upon all applications for admission to the State Confederate

Home and the State Confederate Woman's Home. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. County juvenile boards may recommend the type of care to be given delinquent children. Commitment may be made to the State Girls' Training

School, or the State Juvenile Training School, and must be approved by the State

Board of Control, division of public welfare. The State board must promote the enforcement of all laws for the protection of delinquent children. It also licenses

and inspects all agencies and must visit State supported institutions caring for such children.

Services to the Blind. —The State Commission for the Blind must maintain a bureau of information to aid the blind in finding employment, to develop home industries, and to market products of the blind. The commission may furnish ma- terials, establish workshops, provide vocational guidance, and take measures in cooperation with other agencies for prevention of blindness.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —Care and treatment of insane, epileptic, and

feeble-minded persons committed by county courts are provided by the WichitaFalls,

Terrell, Rusk, San Antonio, and Austin State Hospitals. The Austin State School

and the Abilene State Hospital provide care and treatment for feeble-minded and

epileptic persons, respectively, committed by county courts. The State Board of Control cooperates with local boards of education and the State Department of Public Instruction for improvement of the mental and physical condition of children

who present problems in development.

Adult Del inquents.— The State Penitentiary, work camps, and farms provide for confinement, employment, and training of adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons and Paroles must make rules and regulations regarding paroles, and it supervises persons on parole. Application for parole may be made to the State Board of Pardons and Paroles, or the board may consider the parole of a prisoner

on its own initiative or at the request of the Governor. The board has no power

to parole except by and through the Governor in the exercise of his powers of executive clemency. It must investigate applications for pardon by the Governor.

^The State Board ot Control, through the division of public welTare, Is authorized to cooperate with the Federal Social Security Board and with the Children's Bureau ot the United States De- partment ot Labor tor the distribution ot Federal tunds.
372 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 373

Crippled Children. —The State Board of Control, through the division of public

welfare, is empowered to develop plans necessary to provide services specified in the Social Security Act.^ Education of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind. —The State School for the Blind, the State School for the Deaf, and the State Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Asylum for Colored

Youths receive children upon application.

Tuberculars. —The State Tuberculosis Sanatorium andtheState Tuberculosis Sana- torium for Negroes provide care and treatment for tuberculous persons admitted

upon application through the county judge to the State health officer.

gThese services Include provisions for locating crippled children and facilities for treatment

,

hospitalization, and aftercare.
374 o STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

UTAH

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief,' old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by

county or district departments of public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare.^

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The Juvenile Court and Probation Commission has general control of juvenile courts and probation off icers of the courts. The State Department

of Public Welfare must promote the enforcement of laws excepting laws whose administration is expressly vested ia some other State department for the protection

of dependent, neglected, delinquent, and illegitimate children. To this end it must cooperate with juvenile courts and licensed public or private child welfare

agencies and institutions.^ The county or district departments of public welfare,

under the supervision of the State Department of Public Welfare, must administer

care for dependent, neglected, or delinquent children. All children's aid societies

or institutions, except the State Industrial School, must make annual reports to the Juvenile Court and Probation Commission, and are subject to visitation, in- spection, and supervision by the boards of county commissioners.

Veterans' pensions are administered by the attorney general of the State and the department commander of the Grand Army of the Republic.

Juvenile Del Inquents.—Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. A case of felony may be transferred to the district court. The court may allow a child to remain in its own home or commit it to the custody

of a relative or other person, or to any State private child-caring institution

or agency. The State Industrial School, which is governed by a board of trustees,

-

receives juvenile delinquents.

Services to the Blind.—The board of trustees of the State School for the Deaf

and State School for the Blind has general supervision of adult blind and must maintain a register of the blind in the State. The board may establish and maintain homes and workshops, furnish materials and tools, aid in marketing products,

and provide a circulating library for the blind of the State.

Insane and Mental Defect Ives.—The State Department of Public Welfare must promote the enforcement of laws for the protection of mentally defective children.

Feeble-minded children and adults are committed by district courts to the State

Training School which provides instruction in the case of children. All insane

persons in the State, whether or not in the State Hospital, are under the supervision of the board of trustees of the hospital. The hospital cares for insane

persons committed by the district courts, voluntary patients, and feeble-minded

and epileptics for whom applications for admission are made to the superintendent

of the hospital and approved by the 'board of trustees. Judges of district courts

must have cognizance of all applications for admission, and boards of county com- missioners must authorize the expense of voluntary patients who are indigent.

Adult Del Inquents.—The State Prison provides for confinement and training of

adult delinquents. The State Board of Pardons may grant paroles and reductions

of sentences. The Governor also may grant respites and reprieves, except in cases

of treason or impeachment, but such respites and reprieves may not extend beyond

the next session of the State Board of Pardons, at which time the board may continue or terminate the respite or reprieve, or pardon the offense.

Crippled Chi Idren.—The State Department of Public Welfare must make available

and use, either directly or wherever appropriate through the State Board of Health,

hospitals or poorhouses maintained by the county receive persons only upon an order ot the

board of county commissioners.

^The State Department of Public Welfare must cooperate with the Federal Government in public

welfare matters of mutual concern.

'The following State-aided societies care tor children: Neighborhood House, Children's Service

Society, and Children's Aid Society.

*See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above "'^ f'"'^';^ °J,J^%f"!

Department of Public Welfare and the Juvenile Court and Probation Commission In relation to de llnquent children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES « 375

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State Board of Education, or other organization, such State funds as may be re- quired to obtain Federal funds for aid to crippled children.

Education of the Deaf, Dumo, and Blind. —The State Department of Public Welfare

must make available to recipients of blind assistance suitable opportunities for

educational or vocational advancement offered by any State institution, public or private. If a person refuses to accept such a privilege, his allowance may be discontinued or reduced. The State School for the Deaf and the State School for

the Blind provide education for deaf and dumb, and blind children, respectively,

admitted under rules of the board of trustees of the schools.

Public Health.—The State Department of Public Welfare must make available and

use, either directly or wherever appropriate through the State Board of Health, State Board of Education, or other organization, such State funds as may be re- quired to secure Federal funds for public health, public health nursing, and ma- ternal and child health.

Aid to Handicapped Persons and Vocational Rehabi 1 itat ion. —The StateDepartment

of Public Welfare must administer or supervise aid to handicapped persons. The

department must make available and use, either directly or wherever appropriate

through the State Board of Health, State Board of Education, orother organization,

such State funds as may be required to secure Federal funds made available for

vocational rehabilitation.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 377

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

VERMONT

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by overseers of the poor in organized towns and supervisors in unorganized towns and gores. The

State Department of Public Welfare must investigate the administration of general

relief and the condition of almshouses. Blind assistance and aid to dependent

children in their own homes are administered by the State Department of Public

Welfare, and old age assistance is administered by the State Old Age Assistance

Commission assisted by locally designated officials.'

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile courts which are assisted in their investigations by the commissioner of public welfare acting as the State probation officer.^ The State De- partment of Public Welfare supervises and controls such children as it may take

under its care or those committed to its care by the courts. The department must place such children in homes or institutions and supervise the care given therein.

All child-caring institutions soliciting public support are subject to the visitation of the department. The department administers care given to children in the Kinstead Home. The overseers of the poor must report all cases of dependent,

neglected, or delinquent children to the commissioner of public welfare.

Direct relief to veterans is administered by the State Board to Aid Indigent

Veterans, assisted by town or city officials. Care in the State Soldiers' Home

is administered by the board of trustees of the home.^

Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. Such children may be allowed to remain in their own homes

or may be placed in a family home. The court may also commit the child to the State Department of Public Welfare, to a citizen who will care for the child without charge, to an association, to the Weeks School, or other institution.'^

Services to the Blind. —The State Department of Public Welfare may maintain a register of the blind describing the condition, causes of blindness, and the ca- pacity for training of each blind person. It may also act as a bureau of information and industrial aid for the blind, circulate books, furnish materials and tools for home industries, assist in marketing products and finding employment

for blind persons, and contribute to the support of blind residents receiving

instruction in industrial institutions outside the State. Insane and Mental Defectives. —The commissioner of public welfare through the State Board of Supervisors of the Insane supervises the care of the insane, in- cluding the licensing of private institutions for the insane and inebriates. Com- mitments are made upon certification of two physicians; appeal upon commitment may be taken to the probate court whose decision is final. Insane persons receive care and treatment in the Brattleboro Retreat, by contract with the commissioner

of public welfare, and in the State Hospital for the Insane. Mentally deficient

and feeble-minded persons who are beneficiaries of State aid may be placed in the Austine Institution at Brattleboro by the commissioner of public welfare. Idiotic

and feeble-minded children may be cared for in institutions selected by the com- missioner, either within or outside the State. The Brandon State School is one

such institution to which idiotic and feeble-minded children are admitted in the following order of preference: (1) those committed from the Weeks School by the certificate of the commissioner and two physicians; (2) dependent children committed by probate courts; (3) those for whom application is made to the probate court

Public Welfare Is authorized to cooperate with the Federal Social Security Board and the United States Children's Bureau, and to comply with the provisions of the Federal Social Security Act In order to obtain funds available for child welfare services, aid

to dependent children, and assistance to the blind. The State Old Age Assistance Commission Is authorized to cooperate with the Federal Social Security Board as may be required In order to obtain Federal grants for old age assistance,

pThe commissioner of public welfare serves ex officio as the State probation officer, the com- missioner of deaf, blind. Idiotic, feeble-minded, or epileptic children of indigent parents, the commissioner of indigent tuberculous persons and Indigent children predisposed to tuberculosis,

and the commissioner of tuberculosis hospitals. Heed is not specified as a condition of eligibility for admission to the State Soldiers'

Home.

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See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for care and supervision

by the State Department of Public Welfare.
378 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES © 379

and who may be received upon the payment of a fee determined by the commissioner.

Women, if insane or mentally defective, may also be committed to the Brandon School

with the approval of the Governor. Sterilization of mental defectives and insane persons is under the control of the commissioner of public welfare.

Adult Del inquents.— The State Prison and House of Correction for Men and the State Prison and House of Correction for Women provide for confinement and training of adult male and female delinquents. The commissioner of public welfare may

inspect county jails and report to the Governor thereon. The commissioner has general supervision of administration of laws relating to probation, and of persons placed on probation or persons paroled by the Governor. Crippled Children. —The State Department of Public Welfare may provide medical

and surgical treatment for indigent physically defective or crippled children.

Deaf, Dumb, and Blind. —The commissioner of public welfare may provide instruction for blind, deatf , and dumb children and for blind adults in such schools as he may designate, within or outside the State. ^ The deaf and dumb may be sent to the Austine Institution at Brattleboro.

Tuberculars. —The commissioner of public welfare must designate indigent tuberculous persons who have been investigated and approved by selectmen of towns or mayors of cities to receive treatment at the Vermont Sanatorium, Washington County

Tuberculosis Hospitad, Caverly Preventorium, or similar institutions.

gThe board of llstera In each town must certify to the commissioner of public welfare the names

of epileptic, Idiotic, feeble-minded, deaf, dumb, and blind persons In the town and specify whether

such persons are subjects for State charity.
380 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

VIRGINIA

Rel ief and Publ Ic Assistance. —General relief , aid to dependent children in their

own homes, and old age assistance are administered by county or city boards of public welfare, underthe supervision of the State Board of Public Welfare. Blind

assistance is administered by county and city boards of public welfare, underthe

supervision of the State Commission for the Blind. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile and domestic relations courts where established. Otherwise, the county circuit courts or thecity corporation or hustings courts have jurisdiction

in such cases. The State Board of Public Welfare is authorized to create a children's bureau to have general supervision of the welfare of dependent, neglected,

and delinquent children. The board may receive court commitments of children and

make arrangements for their care. The board is empowered to license child-caring

agencies and must regularly inspect all public and private institutions and agencies. County and city boards of public welfare must cooperate with the juvenile

and domestic relations courts. The superintendent of public welfare, under the direction of the State board, has supervision of dependent children placed for care within the county or city by the State Board of Public Welfare.'

Direct relief to veterans is administered by the county circuit court or city

corporation or hustings court, in cooperation with the county or city boards of pension commissioners. Confederate veterans'pensions are administered by the State comptroller in cooperation with the county circuit courts or city hustings or corporation courts. Care in the Confederate Soldiers' Home (Robert E. Lee Camp

No. 1) IS administerea by the board of visitors of the home. Juvenile Delinquents. —Juvenile and domestic relations courtswhere established,

county circuit courts, or city corporation or hustings courts have jurisdiction

in cases involving delinquent children. Courts may commit such children to the State Board of Public Welfare or any agency approved by it except that delinquent

children who are to be placed in a State institution must be committed to the Board

of Public Welfare. The State Hone and Industrial School for Girls, the State Industrial School for Boys, the State Industrial School for Colored Girls, and

the State Manual Labor School for Colored Boys receive juvenile delinquents.

Services to the Blind. —The State Commission for the Blind is authorized to act

as a bureau of information and industrial aid to assist blind persons in finding

employment and to teach them home industries. It must maintain a register of the blind describing the condition, causes of blindness, and capacity for training of each blind person. It must also make inquiries concerning the causes of blindness

and cooperate with the State Board of Health in the development of preventive

measures. It may establish and maintain schools for industrial training and workshops for the employment of suitable blind persons , pay wages , and distribute

products of the blind.

Insane and Mental Defectives. — Insane and inebriate white persons may be com- mitted to the E2LStern, Western, or Southwestern State Hospitals for Insane. The

Central State Hospital for Colored Insane receives insane and inebriate colored

persons. Feeble-minded and epileptic white persons may be committed to the State Colony for Epileptics and the Feeble-minded, and feeble-minded and epileptic

colored persons are committed to a special department of the Central State Hospital for Colored Insane. Persons are committed to these institutions by the judge

of the circuit or corporation court or any justice of the peace and two physicians

acting as a commission. Voluntary patients may be admitted by superintendents

under regulation of the State Hospital Board. The children's bureau of the State Board of Public Welfare has general supervision of the welfare of mentally defective children.

Adult Delinquents. —The St-ate Prison Board of the prison system is charged with

the government and control of the State parole system. The State Penitentiary,

The State Penitentiary Farm, the State Farm for Defective Misdemeanants, and the State Industrial Farm for Women provide for confinement, work, and training of adult delinquents.

activity of the State board In the county or city.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 381

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382 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

WASHINGTON

Relief and Public Ass istance.—General relief is administered by the countyadministrator of public assistance under the supervision of the State Department

of Social Security acting through the division of public assistance. Old age assistance is administered by the State Department of Social Security act ing through

the division of old age assistance assisted by the boards of county commissioners.

Aid to dependent children in their own homes and blind assistance are administered

by the boards of county commissioners under the supervision of the State Department

of Social Security acting through the division for children and the division for

the blind, respectively.'

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Social Security through the division

for children must supervise all child welfare services; pass upon the suitability

of proposed child-caring agencies and institutions; inspect , supervise , and provide

rules and regulations for the operation of all child-caring agencies. County

boards of commissioners must administer child welfare services in their respective

counties and act as agents of the State in this regard. They must, in cooperation

with the State Department of Social Security, appoint advisory committees on child

welfare

.

Care of veterans in the State Veterans' Home and in the State Soldiers' Home and Colony is administered by the superintendent of the home under the supervision of

the State Department of Finance, Budget, and Business. County funds for direct

relief to veterans are administered by the commander of the military post repre- senting the war in which the veteran was engaged.

Juveni le Del inquents.— Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delincLuent children. The court may commit a child to an institution, training or industrial school, to the care of some citizen or association, or may allow the

child to remain at horae.^ The State Training School for Boys 'and the State School

for Girls receive and care for deling.uent children.

Services to the Blind.—The State Department of Social Security through its division for the blind and in cooperation with the division of vocational rehabilitation of the State Board of Vocational Education may provide aid to adult

blind persons by find ing them employment , instruct ing them intradesor occupations

to be followed in their homes, and assisting them in marketing their products.

It may provide training schools , workshops, materials and maintenance during training, home visitation, and home teaching. The State Department of Social Security

through the division for the blind in cooperation with the State Department of Health must provide services for the prevention of blindness and for corrective

treatment

.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The Northern, Eastern, and WesternState Hospitals

for Insane provide care and treatment for insane persons, and the State Narcotic Farm Colony cares for drug addicts committed by superior courts. Persons who are feeble-minded, idiotic, epileptic, orwho are so physically defective as toprevent

their education in common schools are admitted to the State Custodial School; persons whoare so mentally defective astobe unfit forsuch education are admitted to the Western State Custodial School. Applications for admission are filed by

parents or guardians , superintendents of child-caring institutions, county school

superintendents, boards of county commissioners, orby juvenile courts under orders

of commitment. The Institutional Board of Health may authorize the sterilization

of inmates of these institutions.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary and the State Reformatory provide

for confinement and training of adult delin(iuents . Delinquent women are sent to

the penitentiary. The Institiitional Board of Health may authorize the sterilization of inmates. The State Board of Prison, Terms and Paroles determines the

^The state Department of social Security, acting through Us several divisions. Is authorized

to cooperate with the Federal Oovernment In welfare matters of mutual concern. The department,

through the division of unemployment compensation and the division of employment service Is charged with the administration of unemployment compensation and of the State employment service.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the State Department of Social Security In relation to children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 383

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384 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

length of sentence of each convicted person within the maximum penalty provided

by law or fixed by the court, grants reductions of terms and paroles, supervises persons paroled or under suspended sentences or conditional pardons, and makes recommendations to the Governor for pardons.

Crippled Children. —The State Department of Social Security, through its division

for children, may administer a program of services for crippled children or children suffering from conditions which lead to crippling. The program includes

services for locating such children, medical, surgical, and corrective services,

and facilities for diagnosis, hospitalization, and aftercare. It may supervise

the administration of those services which are not administered directly by it, and cooperate with medical, health, and welfare groups andanyagency administering

provisions for vocational rehabilitation of physically handicapped children.

Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Deaf and the State School for

the Blind provide education for deaf, mute, and blind persons. The county school

superintendent must report names of such persons to the board of county commissioners, director of the State Department of Finance, Budget, and Business, and

the superintendents of the two schools.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 385

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

WEST VI RGINIA

Relief and Public Ass Istance.—General relief is administered by county public

assistance councils under the supervision of the State Department of Public As- sistance. The management and operation of county infirmaries or institutions

providing relief is vested in the respective county courts. Such management and operation may, by written consent, be transferred to the county public assistance

councils. Old age assistance,^ aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by the State Department of Public Assistance

assisted by county public assistance councils. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The State Department of Public Assistance receives children

committed by the courts , and supervises children's institutions and organizations

receiving children for the purpose of care, training, or placing them in other

institutions or in private homes. State child-caring institutions, which include

the State Children's Home and the State Colored Children's Home, are supervised

by the State Board of Control. County public assistance councils must cooperate

with the State Department of Public Assistance and private and charitable organizations in the county. County courts may establish and maintain county detention

homes

.

Juvenile Del inquents.— Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinauent children. The court may order a child placed under the supervision of

a probation officer, permit proceedings to be undertaken against the child in accordance with the laws of the State governing the commission of crimes or violation of municipal ordinances, orcommit the child to an industrial or correct ional

institution. Such institutions include the State Industrial School for Boys, the State Industrial School for Colored Boys, the State Industrial Home for Girls , and

the State Industrial Home for Colored Girls. Children are paroled from these

institutions to the State Department of Public Assistance.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—The Weston, Spencer, and Huntington State Hospitals (for white persons ), and the Lakin State Hospital (for colored persons) pro- vide care and treatment for insane persons committed by county mental hygiene

commissions. Voluntary patients are admitted to these institutions upon application to the State Board of Control. The State Training School cares for feebleminded persons committed by county mental hygiene commissions. The State Board

of Control licenses and investigates private hospitals caring for the insane or mental defectives, and may require the State Department of Public Assistance to investigate children who are mentally defective. The State Board of Education

makes rules relating to the education of the feeble-minded.

Adult Del inquents.—The State Penitentiary provides for confinement and training

of adult delinciuents. The Governor is authorized to issue paroles.

Crippled Ch i Idren.—The StateDepartment of Public Assistance, with the cooperation of county public assistance councils, must locate crippled children requiring

treatment and administer the program for care, treatment , education, hospitalization, and aftercare. The Welch, McKendree, and Fairmont Emergency Hospitals re- ceive deformed, crippled, or otherwise defective children for surgical or orthopedic treatment.^ The State Department of Education makes rules relating to the education of physically disabled or crippled children of school age. Physical Rehab i 1 itat ion.—The State Department of Public Assistance must administer the adult physical rehabilitation program and provide surgical and medical

treatment, and hospitalization. It must supervise the treatment of physically

'the State Home for Aged and Infirm Colored Men and Women receives colored persons who are aged and Infirm, without means of support.

^The State Department of Public Assistance must cooperate with the Federal Government In public welfare matters of mutual concern. ^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers, of the State Department of Public Assistance and county public assistance councils In relation to children.

^The county mental hygiene commission consists of the president of the county court , the prose- cuting attorney, and the clerk of the court.

^The hospitals also admit other pe accidentally Injured in the State. 138640 0—39 26
386 g STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 387

handicapped persons and cooperate with governmental, public, and private institutions and agencies engaged inactivities related to or connected with the physical

rehabilitation of adults. Note,—The Berkeley Springs Sanatorium provides treatment to persons suffering

from diseases benefited by the spring water. The director of the State Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics must study

economic and social conditions of the Negroes of the State, promote the welfare

of the race, and encourage harmonious relations between the white and Negro races.
388 e STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

WISCONSIN

Relief and Public Assistance. —Every town, village, and city is charged with the

relief and support of all poor and indigent persons having settlement therein.

Counties are responsible for those not having settlement in a town, village, or

city. The county board of supervisors may abolish the distinction between town,

village, city, and county poor, in which case the countyraust relieve and support

all poor and indigent persons. The board of supervisors may also return the support

of such persons to the towns, villages, and cities. In counties having established a county home or hospital, the following provisions apply : if the population

is less than 250,000, the county board of trustees has charge of all indoor and outdoor relief, or the county board of supervisors may employ some competent person

to have charge of outdoor relief; if the population is 250,000 or more, themanager

of county institutions has charge of all relief. In counties which have not es- tablished a county home or hospital, county boards of trustees have charge of all relief, or the county boards of supervisors may otherwise provide for the support

and maintenance of the poor. State relief funds are administered in accordance

with rules and regulations adopted by the Industrial Commission or other agency designated by the Governor to administer relief, except that standards of eligibility must be determined by individual local units. ^ The State Board of Control

has supervision over all county and municipal institutions.

In counties of 500,000 or more the county board of supervisors may establish

county departments of public welfare, and in counties of less than 500,000 the

county board of supervisors may establish county pension departments. These de- partments administer old age assistance, blind assistance, and aid to dependent

children in their own homes. Where such agencies are not in existence, the following provisions apply: the county court administers old age assistance and

acting as a juvenile court administers aid to dependent children; the county board

of supervisors administers blind assistance subject to an appeal by applicant to the county court in case of denial of aid. The pension department of the Industrial Commission supervises the administration of old age assistance, aid to de- pendent children in their own homes, and blind assistance.^

County courts acting as juvenile courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

dependent and neglected children. The State Board of Control acting thrpugh its

juvenile department must promote the enforcement of all laws for the protection

of defective, illegitimate, dependent, or delinquent children, exclusive of the

administration of laws vested in some other State agency. The board must cooperate with all public and private agencies and institutions and is empowered to license child-caring agencies and institutions. The board must supervise all local

institutions, all child welfare agencies, smd the placement of children in foster

homes. The county boards of supervisors may establish agencies necessary for the

protection of dependent, neglected, and defective children. They must make provision for the temporary detention of children in detention homes. Care of children

in the State Public School is administered by the State "Board of Control. County

boardsof visitation must investigate child welfare agencies and report concerning

them to the county courts eind the State Board of Control.

Temporary aid to veterans is furnished by village trustees, town boards, or

common councils, or by the county board of trustees if the veteran has no legal

residence in the town, city, or village within the respective county. Direct re- lief to veterans is administered by the county soldiers' relief commission. Care

of veterans in the Grand Army Home for Veterans is administered by the adjutant

general in conjunction with the board of managers of the home.^ The Soldiers'

Federal OoTernment In relation to grants to the State of Federal funds and commodities for re- lief purposes, and in connection with the various employment and rehabilitation programs conducted

by the Federal Government.

2The pension department of the Industrial Commission is directed to cooperate with the Federal Government in order that the State may obtain Federal grants for old age assistance, aid to de- pendent children, and blind assistance. Heed 13 not specified as a condl tion of eligibility for admission to the Grand Army Home for Veterans.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 389

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Rehabilitation Board provides for the treatment and hospitalization of physically

incapacitated veterans. Juvenile Delinquents. —County courts acting as juvenile courts have jurisdiction

in cases involving delinquent children. The State Industrial School for Boys and

the State Industrial School for Girls receive delinquent children. The State Board

of Control may transfer children from other institutions to the State Public School.*

Services to the Blind. —The State Workshop for the Blind provides materials and

tools for employment and instruction of adult blind. The State Field Agency for Adult Blind must maintain a register of the blind in the State describing causes

of blindness, and conditions and capacity for training of each blind person; visit

the blind in their homes and provide home instruction; cooperate with the State

Board of Health for prevention of blindness; establish an employment agency for the blind, industrial schools and workshops for training and employment of the blind,

and a trade bureau for supplying raw materials at cost to the blind; and devise

means for the sale and distribution of their products.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The Mendota and Winnebago State Hospitals for the Insane and the State Psychiatric Institute provide care and treatment for insane persons committed by county and district courts. The Central State Hospital for

the Insane is for criminally insane persons. The State Department of Mental Hygiene may sit as a commission in lunacy to determine the sanity of any person com- mitted to any hospital orasylum for the insane. The State department must inspect

all institutions in the State where insane persons are confined and has control of transfers between institutions and the State Psychiatric Institute. It must also

make provision for care of drug addicts. The Northern State Colony and Training

School and the Southern State Colony and Training School care for and train mentally deficient and epileptic persons committed by county and district courts. The State Department of Mental Hygiene has charge of sterilizations. The State department promotes the enforcement of all laws for the protection of mentally

defective children.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Prison, State Reformatory, and State Industrial

Home for Women provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The

State Department of Corrections supervises all county and municipal penal institutions and has charge of sterilizations. The State department, with approval of

the Governor, may parole prisoners of the State Prison or House of Correction in Milwaukee County. The Governor has power to grant reprieves, pardons, and com- mutations for all offenses except treason (he may suspend execution of sentence after conviction I and cases of impeachment.

Crippled Children. —Juvenile courts may commit crippled children to the State Public School, and the State Board of Control may transfer such children to some other appropriate hospital. County courts may commit such children to the State Orthopedic Hospital for Children.

Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.—The State School for the Blind and the State School for

the Deaf provide education for deaf and blind children, respectively.

Tuberculars. —The State Tuberculosis Sanatorium, the Northern State Tuberculosis

Sanatorium, and the State Tuberculosis Camp care for tuberculous persons admitted

under regulations of the State Board of Control.

See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers and duties of various agencies relating to delinquent children.
WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 391

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

WYOMING

Relief and Public Assistance. —General relief is administered by county departments of public welfare under the supervision of the State Department of Public

Welfare. Old age assistance, aid to dependent children in their own homes, and blind assistance are administered by the State Department of Public Welfare as- sisted by county departments of public welfare.^ Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of district courts. County departments of public welfare, under the supervision

of the State Department of Public Welfare, provide care for needy children in private families when they cannot be cared for in their own homes and render such

assistance as is needed. The State Board of Charities and Reform^ has supervision

and control of the State Children's Home which provides care for dependent and neglected children. The State board also has jurisdiction over all orphan and dependent children not otherwise provided for and must make application to the

district court for appointment as guardian of a child coming under its control.

All public and private child-caring agencies or institutions in the State must report annually to the State Board of Charities and Reform. Care of veterans is provided in the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home. Applications for admission are made to the State Board of Charities and Reform. Juvenile Delinquents. —District courts have jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children. The court may commit a child to a child-caring agency or institution in the State, or, under arrangements made by the State Board of Charities and Reform, to a house of refuge or industrial school of any State. The State Board of Charities and Reform has jurisdiction over all delinquent girls

not otherwise provided for. Delinquent girls may be committed to the Girls' School

and any juvenile delinquent may be committed to the Industrial Institute.

Services to the Blind. —The field agent of the State Board of Education must maintain personal contact with blind adults and children, provide instruction in reading and trades, and arrange for purchase of books, tools, and other equipment necessary for instruction to enable such persons to become useful citizens. The

State Department of Public Welfare must initiate , or cooperate with other agencies

in developing, measures for prevention of blindness, restoration of eyesight^ and

vocational adjustment of blind persons.

Insane and Mental Defectives. —The State Hospital provides care and treatment

for insane persons committed by district courts. Unless relatives demand a jury,

the county lunacy commission (appointed by the court) sits in lieu of a jury. The State Training School provides care and treatment for feeble-minded or epileptic

persons who are committed by district courts; minors may be admitted upon the voluntary application of parent or guardian and the payment of maintenance.

Adult Delinquents. —The State Penitentiary provides for confinement and training

of adult delinquents. The State Commission on Prison Labor directs prison industries and training of prisoners. The ^tate Board of Pardons must investigate

applications for clemency and make recommendations to the Governor. Education of the Deaf , Dumb, and Blind. —The State Board of Education has general

supervision of the deaf and blind and must provide for their education (see paragraph "Services to the Blind"). The State Board of Charities and Reform has jurisdiction over all deaf, dumb, and blind persons not otherwise provided for. Tuberculars, —The State Tuberculosis "^Sanatorium provides for the segregation,

assistance, medical care, and surgical treatment of all citizens ol the State who become afflicted with tuberculosis.

'The state Department ot Publ Ic Welfare must cooperate with and act as tae agent of tbe Federal Government In public welfare matters of mutual concern.

^The State Board of cnarltles and Reform has control of the General Hospital , Hot Springs State

Park, and Saratoga Hot Springs , although primarily they have health rather than welfare functions.

The field agent must also perform these services for deaf and dumb persons.
392 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 393

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

ALASKA

Relief and Public Assistance.— General relief is administered by the Territorial

Department of Public Welfare, and care in the Pioneers' Home is administered by

the board of trustees of the home. Old age assistance and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the Territorial Department of Public

Welfare.'

Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction of the United States Commissioners. The Territorial Department of Public Welfare

has jurisdiction of juveniles in the Territory, audit may provide for the keeping

of records of all juveniles and for the payment of bills in connection with their care or commitment. The boards of children's guardians act as the legal guardians

of children committed to their control. The boards may commit such children to the care and custody of some person, association, or institution, and may pay for their care and maintenance. They may also bind out or apprentice children or give

them in adoption. All persons, institutions, or associations caring for children

are subject to the visitation, inspection, and supervision of the boards which must furnish the department with copies of all commitments made and report to the department semiannually concerning their operations.

Juveni le Del inquents.— The United States Commissioners exercise jurisdiction

over cases involving delinquent children. They may commit such children to a re- form school, an orphan asylum, a charitable institution, or to the board of children's

guardians in the judicial district.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.— The United States Commissioners, serving ex of- ficio as probate judges, may adjudge persons to be insane and commit them to an asylum or sanitarium.

Adult Del inquents.— Adult delinquents are confined in city jails and in Federal

jails in the Territory. However, persons committed for long terms are sent to Federal penitentiaries located in the various States.

Hhe Territorial Department of Public Welfare Is vested with the entire superintendence ol needy persons It must cooperate with the Federal Government In matters or mutual concern pertaining

to old age assistance, aid to dependent children, blind assistance, and other forms of public

assistance. It must also cooperate with the Federal Government In establishing, extending, and strengthening services for the protect Ion and care of homeless , dependent , and neglected children,

and children In danger of becoming delinquent.

^See discussion of care of dependent and neglected children, above, for powers of the boards

of children's guardians and the Territorial Department of Public Welfare in relation to delinquent

children. ^There are no asylums In the Terr itory. Insane persons are committed to the Sanitarium Company, Portland, Oreg.
394 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 395

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Relief and Public Assistance.—General relief, including care in the Municipal

Lodging House and Home for the Aged and Infirm, and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the Board of Public Welfare. Old age assistance and blind assistance are administered by the Commissioners of the District

of Columbia, through such agent or agency as they may designate. The Commissioners have designated the Board of Public Welfare to administer these programs. Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of the juvenile court. The court may commit a child to the care of the Board

of Public Welfare, to the National Training School for Boys, or to- the National

Training School for Girls. The Board of Public Welfare must exercise legal guardianship, care, and supervision over all dependent, neglected, or delinquent children committed to it by the juvenile court. The board may bind out or apprentice

any such children, make provision for their care and treatment in private homes

or in public or private institutions, or give them in adoption to foster parents.

The board may place white boys and girls in the Industrial Home School and colored

boys in the Industrial Home School for Colored Children. The Commissioners of the District of Columbia must aid the Washington Humane Society in the enforcement

of all laws relating to or affecting the protection of children.

Juvenile Del inquents.—The juvenile court has jurisdiction in cases involving

delinquent children, and it may defer sentence and parole the child to the care

of a probation officer, subject to further proceedings. The court may also commit

delinquent children to the Board of Public Welfare, the National Training School

for Girls, or the National Training School for Boys.

Services to the Blind.—Aid and services to the blind are administered by the Board of Public Welfare.

Insane and Mental Defect ives.—St. Elizabeth's Hospital receives persons legally

adjudged insane by the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia. The Commissioners of the District of Columbia may place persons in

the hospital for a period not exceeding 30 days pending adjudication or pending return to their place of residence. Admission is also possible by voluntary agreement. The District Training School receives feeble-minded persons under 45 years

of age committed by the District Court. Commitments of children to these institutions are made by the juvenile court in cooperation with the children's bureau

of the Board of Public Welfare. Gallinger Municipal Hospital—psychopathic division—receives for observation persons alleged to be insane or feeble-minded.

Adult Del inquents.—The Reformatory, Workhouse, and Washington Asylum and Jail

provide for confinement and training of adult delinquents. The Board of Indeterminate Sentence and Parole may authorize the release of a prisoner on parole upon such terms and conditions as it may prescribe.

Tuberculars.—The Tuberculosis Hospital provides care and treatment for adult

tuberculars, and the Children's Tuberculosis Sanatorium provides care and treatment

for tuberculous children.

^The board of commissioners, or tnelr designated agencies, are authorized and directed to co- operate with the Social Security Board ot the United States Government.

^See discussion ot care of dependent and neglected children, above. The Board of Public Welfare has the same powers In relation to delinquent children as In relation to dependent and neg- lected children.
396 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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WELFARE PROVISIONS AND AGENCIES • 397

SUMMARY OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR PUBLIC WELFARE

HAWAI I

Relief and Public Assi stance.— General relief, old age and blind assistance,

and aid to dependent children in their own homes are administered by the county

public welfare commissions under the supervision of theTerritorial Board of Public

Welfare.'' Cases involving dependent and neglected children come within the jurisdiction

of juvenile courts. The Territorial Board of Public Welfare must administer child

welfare activities and must cooperate with public or private authorities in placing

children in institutions or homes. It must set standards for organizations or institutions caring for children. The county public welfare commissions, under

the supervision of the Territorial Board of Public Welfare, must cooperate with

the board in carrying out the child welfare program. Juvenile Del inquents.— The juvenile courts have jurisdiction of cases involving

delinquent children. They may place such children on probation in the care and

custody of a probation officer or such other person as the judge may designate,

or commit them to some industrial and reformatory school. Children subversive to

the order and discipline of such institutions may be sentenced by the court to

imprisonment in some public jail. The judge may, when the health of the child

requires, place it in a public hospital or institution for treatment. The Waialee

Training School for Boys and the Kawailoa Training School for Girls receive delinquent children committed by the courts or by voluntary agreement with their

parents or guardians.

Services to the Blind.—The Territorial Board of Public Welfare must maintain

a register of the blind, describing the conditions, causes of blindness, capacity

for education, and industrial training of blind persons with recommendations for

rehabilitation and relief. The board must maintain one or more agencies for employment information and industrial aid in order to assist the blind in finding

employment and to provide instruction in trades and occupations which may be

followed at home. It must also assist the sale of products of home industries.

The board may aid individual blind persons to become self-supporting by furnishing

materials, machinery, and other facilities. It must investigate the causes of

blindness and cooperate with other agencies in developing measures for the prevention of blindness and the restoration of eyesight.

Insane and Mental Defectives. -The district magistrates or circuit judges hear

complaints alleging persons to be insane and may order such persons committed to

a suitable hospital. Appeals on behalf of persons adjudged insane may be made to

the commissioners of insanity who may parole or release such persons from hospitals.

The Territorial Hospital for the Insane provides care and treatment for insane

persons and persons suffering from mental diseases. The Waimano Home for the

Feeble-minded provides care and treatment for feeble-minded persons committed by

courts or admitted by voluntary agreement with their parents or guardians.

Adult Del inquents.-The Territorial Board of Prison Directors governs, controls,

and supervises all territorial prisons and prison camps. The board must consider

and advise the Governor upon all applications for pardons which he refers to it

and may, with his approval, provide for the parole of prisoners. Local boards of

prison inspectors supervise the government and discipline of county jails, ihey

must consider and advise the Governor upon all applications for pardons referred

to them, and they must perform all acts and duties required of them by the ierritorial Board of Prison Directors.

iTue Territorial Board ot PuOl Ic Welfare must cooperate with the Federal Government Ih carrying

out the purposes ot the Social Security Act.

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398 • STATE PUBLIC WELFARE LEGISLATION

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