### **CHAPTER 1—NORMAL TAXES AND SURTAXES**

Subchapter
Sec. 1
A.
Determination of tax liability
1

B.
Computation of taxable income
61
C.
Corporate distributions and adjustments
301
D.
Deferred compensation, etc.
401
E.
Accounting periods and methods of accounting
441
F.
Exempt organizations
501
G.
Corporations used to avoid income tax on shareholders
531
H.
Banking institutions
581
I.
Natural resources
611
J.
Estates, trusts, beneficiaries, and decedents
641
K.
Partners and partnerships
701
L.
Insurance companies
801
M.
Regulated investment companies and real estate investment trusts
851
N.
Tax based on income from sources within or without the United States
861
O.
Gain or loss on disposition of property
1001
P.
Capital gains and losses
1201
Q.
Readjustment of tax between years and special limitations
1301
R.
Election to determine corporate tax on certain international shipping activities using per ton rate
1352
S.
Tax treatment of S corporations and their shareholders
1361
T.
Cooperatives and their patrons
1381
U.
Designation and treatment of empowerment zones, enterprise communities, and rural development investment areas
1391
V.
Title 11 cases
1398
[W to Y.
Repealed.]
Z.
Opportunity zones
1400Z–1

#### **Editorial Notes**

#### Amendments

**2018**—Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, §401(a)(1), (d)(4)(A), (5)(A), (6)(A), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1184, 1209–1211, transferred subchapter R to follow subchapter Q and struck out subchapter W "District of Columbia Enterprise Zone", subchapter X "Renewal Communities", and subchapter Y "Short-Term Regional Benefits".

**2017**—Pub. L. 115–97, title I, §13823(c), Dec. 22, 2017, 131 Stat. 2188, added subchapter Z.

**2005**—Pub. L. 109–135, title I, §101(b)(4), Dec. 21, 2005, 119 Stat. 2593, substituted "Short-Term Regional Benefits" for "New York Liberty Zone Benefits" in subchapter Y.

**2004**—Pub. L. 108–357, title II, §248(b)(2), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1457, added subchapter R.

**2002**—Pub. L. 107–147, title III, §301(c), Mar. 9, 2002, 116 Stat. 40, added subchapter Y.

**2000**—Pub. L. 106–554, §1(a)(7) [title I, §101(d)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A–600, added subchapter X.

**1997**—Pub. L. 105–34, title VII, §701(c), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 869, added subchapter W.

**1993**—Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, §13301(b), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 555, added subchapter U.

**1986**—Pub. L. 99–514, title XIII, §1303(c)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2658, struck out subchapter U "General stock ownership plans".

**1982**—Pub. L. 97–354, §5(b), Oct. 19, 1982, 96 Stat. 1697, substituted in subchapter S "Tax treatment of S corporations and their shareholders" for "Election of certain small business corporations as to taxable status".

**1980**—Pub. L. 96–589, §3(a)(2), Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3400, added subchapter V.

**1978**—Pub. L. 95–600, title VI, §601(c)(1), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2897, added subchapter U.

**1966**—Pub. L. 89–389, §4(b)(2), Apr. 14, 1966, 80 Stat. 116, struck out subchapter R effective January 1, 1969.

**1962**—Pub. L. 87–834, §17(b)(4), Oct. 16, 1962, 76 Stat. 1051, added subchapter T.

**1960**—Pub. L. 86–779, §10(c), Sept. 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 1009, added to subchapter M heading "and real estate investment trusts".

**1958**—Pub. L. 85–866, title I, §64(d)(1), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1656, added subchapter S.

1  Section numbers editorially supplied.