FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEV EN T HC IRC U IT AUGUST 21, 2008 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 08- 10339 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ A ge nc y N os . A 95- 583- 417 A 95- 583- 418 H E N N I E T A N , S I N T I O N G G O , P e titio n e r s , v ersu s U .S . A T T O RN E Y G E N E R A L , R e s p o n d e n t.

________________________ P e t i t i on f orR e vi e w of

a D e c i s i on of

the B o a r d o f I m m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls

_________________________ ( A u gu s t 21, 2008) B efo re B IR C H , M A R C U S an d P R Y O R , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M:On appe al, Tan doe s not present a rguments concerningher a sylum claim or her relief 1 under CAT, a

nd Go does not pre sent arguments concerningthe denial of his claim for c anc e llatio n o f re mov al. A s a re sult, tho seissue s a

rea ba ndon e d. Se eSepulve da

v. U. S. Attorney General, 401 F .3d 1226, 1228 n.2 (11th Cir. 2005) (holdingthat, when a n appellant fails to offer an a

rgument on an issue, that issue is aba ndoned). 2 H e n N i e T a n a nd S i n T i ong G o, w ho a r e I ndone s i a ns , pe t i t i on f orr e vi e w of a f i na l or de rof

the B oa r d of

I m m i gr a t i on A ppe a l s ( “ B I A ” ) de ny i ng T a n’ s c l a i m f or a s y l um , w i thhol di ng of

r e m ova l , a nd C A T r e l i e f a nd G o’ s c l a i m f

orc a nc e l l a t i on of r e m o v a l. O n ap p e a l, T a n a r g u e s th a t if s h e w e r e r e tu rn e d to I n d o n e s ia , s h e w o u ld 1 b e p e r s e c u te d o n a c c o u n t o f h e rr a c e , w h ic h is C h in e s e , a n d r e lig io n , w h ic h is C hr i s t i a n. S he c ont e nds tha ts he de m ons tr a t e d tha ts he s uf f e r e d pa s tpe r s e c ut i on o n a c c o u n t o f

h e rr a c e a n d r e lig io n , a n d a s a r e s u lt is e n title d to a r e b u ttab le p r e s u m p tio n o f

f u tu r e p e r s e c u tio n , a n d th a t s h e h a s p r o v id e d a m p le e v id e n c e to supp orta f

i nd i ng thatshe w ou l d m ore l i kel y than n otfa ce pers ec ut i on i f r eturned to I n d o n e s ia . B e c a us e T a n i s unabl e t o de m ons tr a t e the e xi s t e nc e of pa s tpe r s e c ut i on or thatshe i s m ore l i kel y than n ott o suffe r f uture pers ec ut i on on ac coun tof her e thni c i ty orr e l i gi on, s he ha s f a i l e d t o de m ons tr a t e e l i gi bi l i ty f orw i thhol di ng of r e m o v a l. A c c o r d in g ly , w e D E N Y th e p e titio n . I . B AC KG RO UN D T a n f i l e d a n appl i c a t i on f

ora s y l um a nd w i thhol di ng of r e m ova l i n J une of 20 02 . A dm i ni stra t i ve R ec ord (“ A R ”) at25 4. S he cl ai m ed thatshe had Indo nesi anBe causeGo had a rrived f our year s prior to Tan a

nd, as a result, met the prerequisites for 2 c anc e llatio n o f re mov al, h eso ught re lie f independently of Ta n in a dditi on to b e inginc lude d a s a derivative party

on her a sylum claim. See AR at 395-401. TheImmigration Judg e (“ IJ ”) a nd BIA ultimately

denied his application for ca ncellation of removal. See id. at 391, 379. 3 ci t i ze nshi p, her e thn i ci ty w as C hi nese , and h erre l i gi on w as C hri st i ani ty. Id. at 2 4 7 . S h e e n te r e d th e U n ite d S ta te s in 1 9 9 5 . I d . S h e s ta te d th a t s h e m a rr ie d G o in D e c e m be rof

1996, tha the w a s a l s o a n I ndone s i a n c i t i z e n of C hi ne s e e thni c i ty , a nd th a t h e w a s in c lu d e d in th e ap p lic a tio n . I d . a t 2 4 9 - 2 5 0 . A lth o u g h s h e liv e d in 2 J a ka r t a f ors e ve r a l y e a r s , s he now s oughta s y l um be c a us e of f e a rof pe r s e c ut i on on ac coun ther e thn i ci ty a nd re l i gi on and thatm any of herfr i ends and rel at i ves had been perse cut ed, t ortured, and k i l l ed. Id. at25 0. S he and h erfa m i l y had been m i s tr e a t e d a nd thr e a t e ne d by m e m be r s of M us l i m or ga ni z a t i ons be c a us e of ac t i vi t i es w i th h erC hri st i an church. Id. at25 1. S he st at ed thather app l i ca t i on w as f ile d m o r e th a n o n e y e a ra f te rh e ra rr iv a l b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e d c o n d itio n s in I n d o n e s ia . I d . a t 2 5 3 . T an re ce i ved n ot i ce t o app ea r i n M ar ch of 20 04 . Id. at37 4. S he w as c h a r g e d w ith h a v in g e n te r e d th e c o u n try la w f u lly o n n o n im m ig r a n t B - 2 s ta tu s in J a n u a ry 1 9 9 5 b u t r e m a in in g b e y o n d th e a llo w e d s ix m o n th s . I d . I n s uppor t , T a n s ubm i tt e d a n a r t i c l e f r om the 9 O c t obe r2000 i s s ue of B us i ne s s W e e k e nt i t l e d “ W a ge of H a tr e d, ” w hi c h de t a i l e d the e c onom i c a nd p s y c h o l o g i c a l e f

f e c to f r i o t s i n J a k a r t aa n d e l s e w h e r e b y f u n d a me n t a l i s tM u s l i ms4

and n at i ve Indo nesi ans a gai nstC hi nese Indo nesi ans. Id. at24 2. A l so subm i tt ed w as an art i cl e f

rom H um an R i gh t s W at ch ent i t l ed “ T he D am age D ebat e on R apes of E thni c C hi ne s e W om e n” w hi c h de t a i l e d the be gi nni ng of vi ol e nc e i n M a y of 1 9 9 8 t arg et ed atC h i n ese-o w n ed sh o p s an d th e su b seq u en tri se i n v i o l en ce ag ai n st C h in e s e w o m e n . I d . a t 2 3 1 - 3 2 . T an supp l i ed a s up pl em ent al st at em enti n sup po rtof her app l i ca t i on w hi ch lis te d th e in c id e n ts o f

p e r s e c u tio n s h e s u f

f e r e d w h e n in I n d o n e s ia . I d . a t 1 9 0 - 9 1 . W hen she w as i n schoo l , she w as tre at ed di ff er ent l y by both stud ent s a nd t ea cher s on ac coun tof her e thn i ci ty. Id. at19 0. W hi l e w ai t i ng for abu s, she w as fond l ed by na t i ve I ndone s i a ns a nd onc e , w he n r i di ng abus , the na t i ve I ndone s i a n bus dr i ve rr e f us e d t o s t op f

orhe ra the rr e que s t e d s t op. I d. S he w a s a l s o t ol d t o s t op havi ng C hri st i an fe l l ow shi p m ee t i ng s i n h erho use. Id. S he al so expl ai ned that C h in e s e I n d o n e s ia n s h a d to p a y e x o rb ita n t f e e s to g e t m o to rv e h ic le lic e n s e s . I d . A c c or di ng t o the 2004 I ndone s i aC ountry R e por tf r om the S t a t e D e pa r tm e nt ( “C o u n try R e p o r t” ) th e I n d o n e s ia n g o v e rn m e n t n e v e re s tab lis h e d a c c o u n tab ility f orthe 1998 r i ot s . I d. a t156. T he C ountry R e por tnot e d tha tthe pol i t i c a l a nd ec on om i c t ensi on s i n som e of the prov i nces cont i nu ed t o cause se ct ar i an vi ol ence r e s ul t i ng unl a w f

ul ki l l i ngs , a nd tha tt e n c hur c he s , thr e e m or e tha n the pr e vi ous y e a r , ha d be e n a tt a c ke d, i nc l udi ng i n the J a ka r t ac om m uni t i e s of C i put a ta nd P am ul ang. Id. at16 3. T he C ou ntryR eportal so no t ed thati n som e provi nces , such5

a s A m bon, M a l uku, N or th M a l uku, a nd C e ntr a l S ul a w e s i , i nt e rr e l i gi ous co o p erat i o n rem ai n ed p o o r. Id . T h e C o u n try R ep o rtst at ed th ateth n i c C h i n ese m a de up thr e e pe r c e ntof the popul a t i on a nd tha ti ns t a nc e s of di s c r i m i na t i on of C h in e s e d e c lin e d c o m p a r e d to p r e v io u s y e a r s . I d . a t 1 7 1 . A l s o s ubm i tt e d w a s the S t a t e D e pa r tm e nt ’ s I nt e rna t i ona l R e l i gi ous F r e e dom R e p o r t f o rI n d o n e s iaf

o r2 0 0 5 , w h ic h n o te d th a t s p o r a d ic in c id e n ts o f p o s s ib le i nt e r - r e l i gi ous s tr i f

e c ont i nue d i n ac oupl e of I ndone s i a n pr ovi nc e s , i nc l udi ng C e ntr a l S ul a w e s i a nd the M ol uc c a s , buta ta s i gni f i c a nt l y l ow e rr a t e tha n the previ ou s r eport i ng peri od . Id. at17 7. T he F re edom R eportno t ed thatthe prov i nce o f A c e h w a s a u th o r iz e d to im p le m e n t I s la m ic la w , b u t th e r e m a in d e ro f I n d o n e s ia w as no t . Id. T he 20 05 F re edom R eportno t ed that5. 9% of the Indo nesi an po pu l at i on w as P rot es t antand 3 . 1% w as C atho l i c. Id. Itno t ed thatl ocal po l i ce d is p la y e d s ig n if

ic a n tly m o r e w illin g n e s s to in d ic t s e c u r ity f o r c e s a lle g e d ly i n v o l v e d i n r e l i g i o u s v i o l e n c e , b u tv i o l e n c e b e tw e e n Ch r i s t i a n s a n d M u s l i ms c o n tin u e d d u r in g th e p e r io d c o v e r e d b y th is r e p o r t. I d . a t 1 8 4 - 1 8 6 . T an conceded the fa ct s a l l eged i n the no t i ce t o app ea r a nd conceded re m ov abi l i ty. Id. at75 . A tan as yl um hear i ng i n January of 20 06 , T an t es t i fi ed tha tw he n s he w a s i n gr a de s c hool s he w a s tr e a t e d di f f e r e nt l y tha n s tude nt s f

r om the i ndi ge nous popul a t i ons a nd i n hi gh s c hool s he w a s c ha s e d by s om e one w ho w a nt e d t o do i nappr opr i a t e thi ngs t o he r . I d. a t96. S he ne ve rc om pl a i ne d t o a ny6

o f f ic ia ls b e c a u s e e v e ry tim e s h e h a d to g o to g o v e rn m e n t o f f ic e s th e r e w o u ld al w ay s be probl em s bec ause she w as C hi nese . Id. at10 3. W hen she tri ed t o g et he rdr i ve r ’ s l i c e ns e , s he w a s m a de t o w a i tl onge rtha n na t i ve I ndone s i a ns a nd ig n o r e d b y th e e m p lo y e e s . I d . a t 1 0 3 - 1 0 4 . S h e s ta te d th a t s h e w e n t to C a th o lic ch u rch i n In d o n esi a, th atsh e j o i n ed i n m i d d l e sch o o l b y j o i n i n g sm al l fai th g ro u p s, b u t s h e w a s n o t b ap tiz e d u n til s h e c a m e to th e U n ite d S ta te s . I d . a t 9 5 - 9 6 , 1 0 9 . S he a dm i tt e d tha ts he w a s ne ve rphy s i c a l l y ha rm e d, buts he w a s r obbe d onc e by M us l i m s w hi l e r i di ng a bus , a l though s he di d nota c tua l l y s e e the m r ob he r , s he a s s um e d tha ti tm us tha ve be e n M us l i m s be c a us e C hi ne s e I ndone s i a ns do not usual l y r i de the bu s. Id. at11 0-11 . O n cross -e xam i nat i on she a l so adm i tt ed that s he w a s ne ve ra rr e s t e d, de t a i ne d, ort or tur e d by the gove rnm e ntof I ndone s i aa nd th a t h e rlif

e w a s n e v e rth r e a te n e d , a lth o u g h h e rlib e r ty w a s , w h ile liv in g in Indo nesi a. Id. at11 8-29 . S he al so st at ed thatthe l as ti nci denti nspi ri ng fe ari n h er w a s i n 1993, m or e tha n e i ghty e a r s be f or e he rpr e s e ntappl i c a t i on, a l though s he a lw a y s h a d f

e a ro f s o m e th in g h ap p e n in g , a n d th a t s h e le f t in 1 9 9 5 . I d . a t 1 2 0 . T he I J i s s ue d hi s de c i s i on a nd de ni e d a s y l um s t a tus be c a us e the appl i c a t i on fr om T an and G o w as beyond the on e y ea r l i m i t at i on peri od . Id. at62 . T he IJ f o u n d T a n c r e d ib le , b u t n o n e o f th e in s ta n c e s a m o u n te d to p e r s e c u tio n a n d w o u ld no tam ou ntt o an asy l um cl ai m , l etal on e aw i thh ol di ng cl ai m . Id. at63 . T he IJ7

th en fo u n d th at C A T re li ef w as u n av ailab le, an d in a s ep ar ate o p in io n , d en ied G o ’s ap p lic a tio n f

o rc a n c e lla tio n o f

r e m o v a l . I d . a t 6 4 , 5 2 . T a n a nd G o appe a l e d t o the B I A a nd a r gue d tha tthe one y e a rl i m i t a t i on p e r io d s h o u ld n o t h a v e ap p lie d b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e in p e r s o n a l c ir c u m s ta n c e s d u e to her m arri age a nd chi l d, and chang e i n cou ntrycond i t i on s bec ause Indo nesi a w as m o r e d a n g e r o u s f

o llo w in g S e p te m b e r1 1 a n d a r is e in C h r is tia n a n d M u s lim h o st i l i t i es. Id . at1 0 -1 1 . T an al so arg u ed th atth ere w as p astp ersecu t i o n b ecau se of the c ont i nuous di s c r i m i na t i on a nd ha r a s s m e nts he s uf f e r e d, a nd tha t , s he ha d a r e a s o n ab le f

e a ro f f u tu r e p e r s e c u tio n b e c a u s e C h in e s e I n d o n e s ia n s a r e r e g u la r ly thr e a t e ne d w i th e xt i nc t i on a nd a tt a c ke d. I d. a t11- 12. N e ve r the l e s s , s he di d not a r g u e th a t th e r e w a s a p a tte rn o rp r a c tic e o f p e r s e c u tin g C h in e s e C h r is tia n s in I ndone s i a . I d. a t10- 12. G o a r gue d tha tthe I J e rr e d be c a us e he s houl d ha ve c ons i de r e d the pol i t i c a l a nd e c onom i c c ondi t i ons of the c ountry w he n de t e rm i ni ng ec on om i c har dshi p, and the curre ntcond i t i on s w ei gh ed i n favor of fi nd i ng an e x tr e m e h a r d s h ip . I d . a t 1 4 . T he B IA adop t ed and affi rm ed the IJ ’ s dec i si on . Id. at2. T he B IA agre ed thatT an fa i l ed t o est abl i sh pastpers ec ut i on and thatshe f ai l ed t o d em on stra t e a c le a rp r o b ab ility o f

f u tu r e p e r s e c u tio n o rap a tte rn a n d p r a c tic e o f p e r s e c u tio n . I d . A s to G o , th e B I A a f

f irm e d th e I J ’s d e c is io n . I d . a t 3 7 9 .8

T a n a nd G o t i m e l y f

i l e d ape t i t i on f

orr e vi e w w i th thi s c our t . A dm i ni s tr a t i ve P ape r s a t2. I I . DI S CUS S I ON O n app ea l , T an ar gu es thata r ea sonabl e f ac t fi nd erw ou l d h ave been c o m p e lle d to f

in d th a t it w a s m o r e lik e ly th a n n o t th a t s h e w o u ld b e p e r s e c u te d if s he r e turne d t o I ndone s i a . S he c ont e nds tha the rt e s t i m ony m a ke s i tc l e a rtha ts he w o u ld s u f

f e rp e r s e c u tio n if

r e tu rn e d to I n d o n e s iaa n d th a t th e c o u n try r e p o r ts s uppor the rt e s t i m ony . S he a l s o a r gue s tha tthe r e a r e num e r ous bom bi ngs on c h u r c h e s th a t s h e h a s p e r s o n a l k n o w le d g e o f , a n d th a t th e r e is a c le a rp r o b ab ility s h e w o u ld b e h a rm e d if r e tu rn e d to I n d o n e s ia . T o the e xt e ntthe B I A ’ s de c i s i on i s ba s e d on l e ga l de t e rm i na t i ons , the s t a nda r d of

r e vi e w i s de novo. D - M uhum e d v. U . S . A tt orne y G e ne r a l , 388 F . 3d 814, 817 ( 11th C i r . 2004) . T he B I A ’ s f i ndi ngs of

f a c ta r e r e vi e w e d unde rthe subst ant i al evi dence t es t , and w e “ m ustaf fi rm the [I J’ s] deci si on i f i ti s ‘ supp ort ed b y reaso n ab l e, su b st an t i al , an d p ro b at i v e ev i d en ce o n th e reco rd co n si d ered as a w hol e . ’ ” A l N a

jj a rv. A s hc r of

t , 257 F . 3d 1262, 1284 ( 11th C i r . 2001) ( quot i ng L ori sm e v. IN S , 12 9 F . 3d 14 41 , 14 44 -45 (11 th C i r. 19 97 ). W e vi ew “ the re cord e v id e n c e in th e lig h t m o s t f a v o r ab le to th e a g e n c y ’s d e c is io n a n d d r a w s a ll r e a s onabl e i nf

e r e nc e s i n f

a vorof tha tde c i s i on. ” A de f

e m i v. A s hc r of

t , 386 F . 3d 1022, 1027 ( 11th C i r . 2004) ( e n ba nc ) . U nde rthi s hi ghl y de f e r e nt i a l s t a nda r d ofAn applica nt for withholding of

removal need not show that she w ould be sing led out 3 fo r p ers e cuti on

if sh ec an de mon stratea

pattern or pra c tic eof

pers e cuti on

of pers on s simil arly situated to her on account of , inter alia, raceor re ligion. 8 C.F.R. § 208.13(b) (2)( iii). In the instant case, T an did not raise thepattern or prac tice argument before the B IA, and therefore we arewithout jurisdiction t o review such a n argument, even though the B IA sua sponte addresse d it. See Amaya-Artunduag a v. U.S. Att’y Gen., 463 F .3d 1247, 1250 (11th Cir. 2006) (holding th atw el a c k

j uri s di c ti o nt o re v i ewa

c l ai mn o tb ro u ghtb e f

o reth eB IAe v enwh enth eB IA addre sses it sua sponte). In addition, she does not raise the argument on appeal, so it i s deeme d abandone d. See Sepulveda v. U.S. Attorney

General, 401 F .3d 1226, 1228 n.2 (11th Cir. 2005). 9 re vi ew , the IJ ’ s dec i si on ca n b e r ever se d o nl y i f the evi dence “ com pel s” a r e a s onabl e f

a c tf i nde rt o f i nd othe rw i s e . S e pul ve dav. U . S . A tt orne y G e ne r a l , 401 F .3 d 1 2 2 6 , 1 2 3 0 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 5 ) . W he n the B I A i s s ue s i t s ow n opi ni on, w e r e vi e w onl y the de c i s i on of the B IA , exce ptt o the ext entthe B IA expres sl y a do pt s the IJ ’ s dec i si on . R od ri gu ez M or a l e s v. U . S . A tt orne y G e ne r a l , 488 F . 3d 884, 890 ( 11th C i r . 2007) . I n the p r e s e n t c a s e , th e B I A a f f irm e d a n d a d o p te d th e I J ’s o p in io n , a n d th e r e f o r e w e w ill r e v ie w th e I J ’s o p in io n . A n a l i e n i s e nt i t l e d t o w i thhol di ng of r e m ova l unde rthe I N A i f s he c a n s how tha the rl i f

e orf r e e dom w oul d be thr e a t e ne d on a c c ountof , i nt e ra l i a , he rr a c e or r e l i gi on. I N A § 241( b) ( 3) ( A ) , 8 U . S . C . § 1231( b) ( 3) ( A ) . F orw i thhol di ng of

3 r e m o v a l, th e ap p lic a n t h a s th e b u r d e n o f s h o w in g th a t it is “m o r e lik e ly th a n n o t” s he w i l l be pe r s e c ut e d ort or tur e d upon r e turn t o he rc ountry . S e pul ve da , 401 F . 3d a t 1 2 3 2 . A s h o w in g o f p a s t p e r s e c u tio n c r e a te s a r e b u ttab le p r e s u m p tio n o f a w e llf o u n d e d f e a ro f f u tu r e p e r s e c u tio n . I d . a t 1 2 3 1 . P e r s e c u tio n is a n e x tr e m e c o n c e p t,10

r e qui r i ng m or e tha n af

e w i s ol a t e d i nc i de nt s of ve rba l ha r a s s m e ntori nt i m i da t i on, a nd m e r e ha r a s s m e ntdoe s nota m ountt o pe r s e c ut i on. I d. T an fa i l ed t o d em on stra t e thata r ea sonabl e f ac t fi nd erw ou l d h ave been com pel l ed t o fi nd thati tw as m ore l i kel y than n otthatshe w ou l d h ave f ac ed pe r s e c ut i on i f

r e turne d t o I ndone s i a . S he f a i l e d t o e s t abl i s h pa s tpe r s e c ut i on be c a us e none of

the e ve nt s t o w hi c h s he r e f e rr e d, i nc l udi ng the r obbe ry , the di s c r i m i na t i on, a nd the pr obl e m s a tthe de pa r tm e ntof m ot orve hi c l e s , r os e t o the l e ve l of e xtr e m e c onduc ttha tpe r s e c ut i on e nc om pa s s e s . S e e A R a t96, 103- 04, 1 1 0 - 1 1 ; Se p u l v e d a , 4 0 1 F. 3 d a t1 2 3 1 ( h o l d i n g th a tp e r s e c u t i o n i s a n e x tr e me conceptre qu i ri ng m ore than m er e har as sm ent ). Indeed, she t es t i fi ed thatshe had n ev er b een p h ysi cal l y h arm ed . S ee A R at1 1 0 . T h u s, sh e w as u n ab l e t o est ab l i sh pa s tpe r s e c ut i on a nd the r e f or e unabl e t o e s t abl i s h a r e butt abl e pr e s um pt i on of f utur e pe r s e c ut i on. S e e S e pul ve da , 401 F . 3d a t1231 ( hol di ng tha ta s how i ng of p a s t p e r s e c u tio n c r e a te s a r e b u ttab le p r e s u m p tio n o f f u tu r e p e r s e c u tio n ) . S he al so fa i l ed t o add uce e vi dence thatw ou l d com pel a r ea sonabl e f ac t fi nd er t o fi nd thati tw as m ore l i kel y than n otshe w ou l d fac e per se cut i on up on her r eturn t o Ind on es i a. S ee i d. at12 32 (hol di ng thatthe st andard for w i thh ol di ng of re m ov al i s as how i ng tha ti ti s m or e l i ke l y tha n nottha ta pe t i t i one rw i l l f a c e pe r s e c ut i on up on her r eturn). T an re l i es on st ori es of att ac ks on churches, bu tthe C ou ntry R e p o r ts in d ic a te th a t w h ile a tta c k s o n c h u r c h e s h a d r is e n f r o m th r e e to te n , o v e r a ll11

i nci dence of i nt er -r el i gi ou s s tri fe had d ec re as ed. S ee A R at16 3, 17 7. M oreover, th e p ic tu r e a s to d e v e lo p m e n t o f in te r - r e lig io u s c o o p e r a tio n w a s m ix e d a t b e s t, w ith s om e a r e a s de m ons tr a t i ng i nc r e a s e d c oope r a t i on a nd othe r s de m ons tr a t i ng d e c r e a s e d c o o p e r a tio n . S e e A R a t 1 6 3 . F u r th e rm o r e , in c id e n ts a g a in s t e th n ic C hi nese had d ec re as ed i n the l as tye ar . S ee A R at17 1. T hu s, the 20 04 C ou ntry R e p o r ts in d ic a te d a m ix e d p ic tu r e a t b e s t, w h ic h w o u ld n o t c o m p e l ar e a s o n ab le f a c t f i nde rt o c onc l ude tha tT a n w oul d f a c e di s c r i m i na t i on. S e e S e pul ve da , 401 F . 3d at12 30 (hol di ng thatthe IJ ’ s dec i si on ca n b e r ever se d o nl y i f the evi dence c o m p e ls ar e a s o n ab le f

a c t f in d e rto f in d o th e rw is e ) . A s a r e s u lt, T a n h a s f a ile d to d e m o n s tr a te th a t s h e is e lig ib le f o rw ith h o ld in g o f

r e m o v a l. I I I . CONCL US I ON F orthe r e a s ons s e toutabove , w e f i nd tha tG o ha s aba ndone d hi s c l a i m f or can cel l at i o n o f rem o v al an d th ath i s w i fe, T an , i s n o ten t i t l ed t o th e rel i ef sh e seek s. P E T I T I ON DE NI E D.