Aechminella^ Amphissites 

Kirkbyella^ and Related 

Genera

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330-B
Aechminella^ Amphissites 

Kirkbyella, and Related 

Genera

By I. G. SOHN

REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330-B

Genera of the ostracode families Aechminellidae^ 

Amphissitidae, Kirkbyellidae^ Kirkbyidae^ 

Placideidae, Arcyxonidae^ and one 

genus of uncertain affinity are discussed

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1961
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

STEW ART L. UDALL, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Thomas B. Nolan, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Washington 25, D.C.
CONTENTS

Abstract.________ _ _________________

Introduction ________________________

Definition of terms_____-_--_-____

Status of ostracode classification-_____

Collecting localities____-___-__-___-__

Systematic descriptions.-__-_______--_

Family Aechminellidae___________

Genus Aechminella--- ________

Species rejected._______

Species to be investigated. 

Genus Mammoides ___________

Family Amphissitidae___________________________

Key to genera.______----_____--____________

Genus Amphissites- _-_---_____-_____________

Key to species.---_-__---------------___

Species accepted._______________________

Species to be investigated._______________

Synonyms, species to be investigated, and 

rejected species of Amphissites ________

Genus "Ectodemites" _ _______________________

Synonyms and rejected species of "Ectodemites" _____________________________

Genus Kegelites--. _--__-____-_-_-__--_______

Genus Polytylites ___________________________

Key to species_________________________

Species accepted,_______________________

Synonyms and rejected species of Polytylites _________________________________

Page 

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114

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116

123

124

126

127

128

130

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132

134

Systematic descriptions Continued 

Family Amphissitidae Continued

Genus Shleesha n. gen--_-____---__--------_-

Family Arcyzonidae___________________________

Genus Amphizona __ _____-_-___-_--_________

Genus Arcyzona ____________________________

Species accepted-____-__-__-_--_________

Species removed-_______________________

Genus Reticestus- _______-----__-__-_________

Family Kirkbyidae______________________________

Genus Aurikirkbya... _-----_-_____-____--___

Genus Reviya n. gen_______________________

Family Kirkbyellidae n. fam_ _----_-_____-_______

Genus Kirkbyella- __________________________

Subgenus Kirkbyella.... _________________

Species accepted._______-_--__-__-______

Synonyms and rejected and transferred 

species of Kirkbyella--.---------------

Subgenus Berdanella n. subgen. __________

Genus Psilokirkbyella n. gen________________

Family Placideidae._____-_____---____--_--_____-

Genus Amphissella. _________________________

Genus Doraclatum __________________________

Family Scrobiculidae____________________________

Genus Roundyella__________________________

Synonyms, species to be investigated and 

rejected species of Roundyella _ _________

Genus Scrobicula__________________________

References _________________________________________

Index _____________________________________________

Page 

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ILLUSTRATIONS

[Plates follow index]

PLATES 7. Aechminella, Amphissella, Amphissites, Arcyzona, 

Kegelites, Mammoides.

8. Amphissites, Amphizona, Arcyzona, AuriJcirJcbya, 

"Ectodemites."

9. Kegelites, Polytylites, Reticestus, Reviya, Roundyella.

10. Arcyzona, "Ectodemites," Kegelites, Kirkbyella,, Psilolcirlcbyella, Knoxinal

11. Amphissites, Polytylites, Reticestus, Reviya, Shleesha.

12. Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) and K. (Berdanella).

Page 

FIGTJHE 16. Stratigraphic ranges of genera_____________ 108

17. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Aechminella- __________________ 112

18. Amphissites costatus, a restoration__________ 115

19. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Amphissites...---------.------ 117

20. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of "Ectodemites------------------ 126

21. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Kegelites- -------------------- 128

FIGTTHE 22. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Polytylites---...-.---------.--

23. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Shleesha... ___________________

24. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Amphizona. ____-____-____-_--

25. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Arcyzona----. ________________

26. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Reticestus---------------------

27. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Aurikirkbya. _________________

28. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Reviya- ______________________

Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Kirkbyella (Berdanella).. ______

Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Amphissella.... _______________

Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution of Roundyella. _________-__-_----

in

29.

30.

31.

Page 

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135 

137 

137 

139 

141 

141 

145 

148 

150

REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA

By I. G. SOHN

ABSTRACT

The genera Aechminella and Mammoides are revised and assigned to the new family Aechminellidae. Species of Amphissites are critically revised, and many reassigned to the following revised genera: AmphisseMa, Amphizona, Arcysona, Doraclatum, "Ectodemites," Kegelites, Polytylites, Reticestus, and 

Roundyella. The new genera Reviya and Shleesha are based 

on species previously assigned to Amphissites. The genus Aurikirkbya is revised. The genus Kirkbyella is revised and split 

into two subgenera: K. (Kirkbyella) and K. (Berdan&lla) n. 

subgen. These are assigned to the new family Kirkbyellidae. 

The new genus Psilokirkbyella is based on species previously 

assigned to Kirkbyella. A species described in Roundyella is 

referred to Scrobicula. These 18 genera are distributed in the 

following families: Aechminellidae, 2 genera; Amphissitidae, 

5 genera; Arcyzonidae, 3 genera; Kirkbyidae, 2 genera; 

Kirkbyellidae, 2 genera; Placideidae, 2 genera; Scrobiculidae, 

2 genera.

The genera Balantoides, Boursella, and Kirkbyites are considered junior synonyms. The new species Amphissites subinsignis, A. truncatus, Kirkbyella stewartae, Mammoides cooperi, 

and M. dorsospinosa are described and illustrated. Lectotypes 

are designated for the following species: Amphissites bushi, A. 

robertsi, "Ectodemites" warei, Kegelites roundyi, and Reticestus 

planus. Polytylites brayeri n. name is designated for a junior 

homonym.

INTRODUCTION

This paper deals with the plexa around the genera 

Aechminella Harlton, 1933, Amphissites Girty, 1910, 

and Kirkbyella. Coryell and Booth, 1933. A previous 

paper (Sohn, 1960) deals with Bairdia McCoy, 1844, 

and related genera.

The project was begun as an inventory of available 

knowledge of all the late Paleozoic ostracode genera. 

Bairdia was chosen as a pilot study because of the large 

number of species in the genus, and also because it is 

a smooth-shelled genus and therefore difficult to handle. As work progressed, two facts became apparent. 

First that it is not practical to confine the study to late 

Paleozoic species because many of the genera and most 

of the families originated in the early Paleozoic. Second that many of the genera described during the last 

hundred years contain species properly assigned to several genera belonging to one or more families. The 

labor involved in unraveling the intricacies of classification of these species necessitates the limiting of the

study to selected groups in order to gain broader knowledge of these groups.

Contrasted to Bairdia, which is a smooth-shelled 

genus, Aechminella has lobes, and Amphissites is a 

highly ornamented ostracode with numerous features 

for use in classification. In spite of these facts, more 

than 100 species have been assigned to Amphissites since 

its description, and many of these were subsequently 

referred to other established genera. Two additional 

new genera for species referred to Amphissites and one 

for species referred to Kirkbyella are described in this 

paper. The genus Kirkbyella is divided into the subgenera K. (Kirkbyella) and K. (Berdanella) n. subgen.

The methods of study and a bibliography of Upper 

Paleozoic ostracodes in North America are given in the 

previous paper (Sohn, 1960). References in this paper 

are limited to those cited in the text.

The stratigraphic ranges of the genera discussed in 

this paper are shown on figure 16.

Although showing the range, this chart indicates 

neither the number nor the frequency of occurrence of 

species in each genus. Figures 17 and 19 to 31 show the 

frequency of occurrence by geographic locality, or by 

stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of the species 

in more important genera.

These charts show the stratigraphic range of each 

genus as well as the known abundance and the stratigraphic range of each species in the genus. By means 

of these charts it is possible to evaluate the stratigraphic 

value of species in each genus; for example, the range 

of Polytylites (fig. 22) is from the Upper Devonian 

through Lower Permian. The chart indicates that the 

genus is most abundant both in number of species and 

in the frequency of occurrence of these species in the 

Upper Mississippian. It can therefore be inferred from 

the chart that the genus had its major development during the Upper Mississippian.

I am grateful to Dr. R. S. Bassler for making available a file of original sketches and correspondence, as 

well as a collection of ostracodes from Scotland and 

England that had belonged to T. R. Jones. This material, according to Bassler, was inherited from Jones by

107
108 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

PERMIAN

YEARS

20 MILLION

MISSISSIPPIAN

YEARS

DEVONIAN

60 MILLION

YEARS

SILURIAN 

35 MILLION 

YEARS

Upper

Lower

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Lower

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Middle

Lower

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EXPLANAT ION

Stratigraphic range based on valid species Stratigraphic range based on questionable 

assignment of species or Stratigraphic 

occurrence

FIGURE 16. Stratigraphic ranges of the genera discussed in this paper. Intervals for each period on this chart are proportional to the estimated length in millions of years as given in the U.S. Geological Survey version of the Holmes Time scale (Sohn, 1960, p. 16). Epochs 

within each period are divided into equal parts.

J. M. Clarke, New York Geological Survey, who, in 

turn, gave it to E. O. Ulrich. Specimens from this collection used in the study are referred to as "Jones collection." Jones' correspondence and sketches helped 

clarify conceptions of some of the classical genera and 

species.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

In addition to the terms defined in the previous study 

(Sohn, 1960, p. 6), the following terms are used: "Carina" is used for a raised structure on the surface of 

the valve, and "Ridge," for a similar structure along 

the margins of the valve. "Outer ridge" refers to the 

marginal ridge that is closest to the contact margins. 

"Inner ridge" is used for an additional marginal ridge 

removed from the outer ridge by the width of one or 

more reticulations.

STATUS OF OSTRACODE CLASSIFICATION

Neontologists postulate a hypothetical ancestral form, 

the Protostracode. Skogsberg (1920, p. 65-96) critically analyzed the inferred appendages of this animal, 

which has not yet been found in fossil form.

Until 1950, paleontologists used Bassler and Kellett's 

(1934) classification of Paleozoic Ostracoda. The 

classification of suprageneric categories followed in essence that of Ulrich and Bassler (1923, p. 287-322) in 

which the genera are classified into families and superfamilies without attempting to place them in zoological 

scheme that divided the order Ostracoda into suborders 

based on anatomical differences. Ulrich and Bassler 

(1923, p. 275) wrote that because the major classification of living forms is based principally upon appendages and soft parts not found in fossils, the relation of 

fossil to living forms is necessarily uncertain, and in 

many groups probably must remain undeterminable. 

By using analogous structures of the carapace, however, 

it is possible to infer the proper ordinal classification of 

some of the Paleozoic families. This method was used 

by Triebel (1950) in studying the Mesozoic genus 

Ogmoconcha,
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 109

According to Skogsberg (1920, p. 62-108) the neontological classification is based on the work of Sars (1866, 

table facing p. 8), who established 4 sections that were 

later considered to be suborders. Other biologists recognize only 2 suborders, while Skogsberg suggested that 

there may be 5 (1920, p. 101).

The following biological classification is modified 

from Sars (1866) with extracts from Klie (1929) :

I. Second antenna uniramous

Suborder Podocopa 

Family Oypridae 

Family Oytheridae 

Family Bairdiidae

II. Second antenna biramous

A. Carapace with anterior notch

1. Four pairs of postmandibular appendages 

Suborder Myodocopa 

Family Oypridinidae 

Family Conchoeciidae 

B. Carapace without anterior notch

1. Two pairs of postmandibular appendages 

Suborder Cladocopa 

Family Polycopidae

2. Three pairs of postmandibular appendages 

Suborder Platycopa

Family Cytherellidae

Other anatomical differences are associated with each 

of these groups: Only the Myodocopa have a heart; 

the Podocopa have a styliform or vestigial caudal furca 

while the other three subordars have a platy, welldeveloped caudal furca; the Podocopa and Myodocopa 

have eyes. The main cause for difference in opinion 

among biologists as to the higher classification is the 

different interpretations of the homologies of the various appendages.

In order to attain greater uniformity in the use of 

zoological group names, Section F of the American 

Association for the Advancement of Science authorized 

in 1933 the formation of an informal committee to prepare a list of phyla, classes, and orders of animals. 

The late Prof. A. S. Pearse, Department of Zoology, 

Duke University, was chairman of that committee, and 

he edited four editions of this list. The most recent 

list (Pearse, 1949, p. 12, 13) gives the following classification :

Phylum Arthropoda Siebold and Stannius, 1845 

Subphylum Mandibulata McLeay, 1821 

Superclass Crustacea Pennant, 1777 

Class Eucrustacea Kingsley, 1894

Subclass Ostracoda Latreille, 1802 

Order Myodocopa Sars, 1866 

Order Cladocopa Sars, 1866 

Order Podocopa Sars, 1866 

Order Platycopa Sars, 1866

The ordinal affinities of most of the Paleozoic 

straight-hinged genera are at the present time not 

known. Henningsmoen's (1953, p. 188) suborder Paleocopa, erected to include the Beyrichiacea and Leperditiacea, is usable in so far as it supplies a convenient 

name for all the forms not referrable to the other suborders. His diagnosis follows: "Shell without frontal 

opening. Hinge line straight and usually long. Apparently no calcareous inner lamella. There is a tendency to develop lobes and sulci, and submarginal 

ridges. Animal unknown." This definition is, unfortunately, so broad and so indefinite as to make it a 

catchall for Paleozoic straight-hinged Ostracoda from 

which several equivalent categories eventually will be 

established.

In the same year, Pokorny (1953) independently published the following classification:

Class Ostracoda

Order Beyrichiida Pokorny, 1953 

Podocopida Pokorny, 1953 

Myodocopida Pokorny, 1953 

Leperditiida Pokorny, 1953

This classification is better than Henningsmoen's in 

that the superfamilies placed by Henningsmoen in the 

suborder Paleocopa are assigned by Pokorny to two 

orders: Beyrichiida and Leperditiida. The Podocopida and Myodocopida are not as acceptable as the 

previously listed neontological classification. Myodocopida includes Myodocopa and Cladocopa, the former 

with an anterior notch and 4 pairs of postoral appendages, and the latter without an anterior notch and only 

2 pairs of postoral appendages. Podocopida include 

the Podocopa and Platycopa; the former has a uniramous second antenna, and the latter a biramous second 

antenna. These characters are of ordinal importance 

in neontological classification.

Based on the foregoing discussion, the following classification appears to be a more reasonable:

Subclass OSTRACODA Latreille, 1802:

Order CLADOCOPIDA Sars, 1866 (Recent) 

Order PODOCOPIDA Sars, 1866 (Paleozoic through Recent)

Order MYODOCOPIDA Sars, 1866 (Paleozoic through Recent)

Order PLATYCOPIDA Sars, 1866 (Paleozoic through Recent) 

Order PALEOCOPIDA Henningsmoen, 1953 (Paleozoic,

Recent (?)) 

Order LEPERDITIIDA Pokorny, 1953 (Paleozoic)

Classification of Paleozoic straight-hinged ostracodes 

presents a problem because there is as yet no valid basis 

for interpreting, even on the generic level, most of the 

structures used in classifying the group. The probable 

function of lobes, frills, ridges, spines and the various 

other "ornaments" used in assembling genera into 

higher categories should be reevaluated because most 

of them are inferences based on inadequate data.
110 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

Although it is universally accepted that these 

straight-hinged ornamented groups belong to the Ostracoda, this assignment is by inference, because there 

is no positive evidence to support this assumption. The 

assignment is based on the following evidence: The animals were bivalved with calcified shells; they had marginal overlap and were joined dorsally by a ligament 

with or without the development of dorsal hingement. 

Structures interpreted as muscle scars, the reflection 

of the place of attachment of adductor muscles, are 

present in some members of the group. They are found 

associated with animals that can be traced by analogous 

structures of the carapace through the Mesozoic and 

Tertiary to living ostracodes (Sylvester-Bradley, 1956; 

Pokorny, 1957). The environment in which they lived 

as interpreted from associated organisms is similar to 

the environment of modern ostracodes.

The exquisitely preserved silicifiecl appendages of the 

fresh-water Carboniferous species from France, Palaeocypris edwardsi Brongniart, 1876, does not aid in this 

problem. This genus belongs to the order Podocopa 

(Brongniart, 1876, p. 2).

Cooper (1942, p. 765, fig. 1) shows that during the 

decade 1930-40 about 75 new Paleozoic genera were described ; this represents between 20 percent and 25 percent of the total number of known genera in 1940. 

Levinson (1957, p. 367) states that 31 new Paleozoic 

genera were described in 1956. There is no indication 

that the rate of discovery of new genera will diminish 

within the next few decades. It is consequently reasonable to assume that at least half of the possible number 

of genera are yet to be described.

Gocht and Goerlich (1957) and Martin (1957, p. 292) 

report discovery of appendages in Mesozoic ostracodes. 

They decalcified closed carapaces with dilute hydrochloric acid using the method independently described 

by Sohn (1958, p. 733) and recovered the soft parts 

entombed within the carapaces. This method may provide clues to a more reasonable classification of Paleozoic Ostracoda.

Eeexamination of the previously described genera 

may furnish additional data for the classification of the 

Paleozoic Ostracoda. The discovery by Hornibrook 

(1949) of shells of living ostracodes that resemble 

Paleozoic Beyrichiidae may be significant in the interpretation of Paleozoic forms.

COLLECTING LOCALITIES

The following are descriptions of U.S. Geological 

Survey and U.S. National Museum collecting localities 

from which fossils are illustrated for the first time.

U.S. Geological Survey localities

[SD after locality number indicates locality is in Silurian and 

Devonian catalog; PC indicates Upper Paleozoic catalog numbers]

4975-SD. Middle Devonian shale, roadcut, east side of road, on 

Route 82, west of Thedford for l1^ miles then north 

for approximately 1 mile, Parkhill quadrangle, Ontario, Canada. Collected by J. M. Berdan, R. Boardman and Helen Duncan. Nov. 13,1953.

2967-PC. Graham shale, below Jacksboro limestone horizon, 

near base of Cisco formation, one-half a mile southwest of Lacasa, Stephens County, Tex. Collected 

by C. S. Ross, Apr. 4, 1919.

5793-PC. Pella beds of Ste. Genevieve formation, weathered 

shale and dirt from piles of strippings of abandoned 

limestone quarry in SE. cor. sec. 9, T. 76 N., R. 18 

W., about three-fourths of a mile south-southwest 

of city limits of Pella, along the road to Tracy, 

Marion County, Iowa. Collected by G. H. Girty and 

P. V. Roundy, Sept. 15, 1925.

5794-PC. Pella beds of Ste. Genevieve formation, abandoned 

limestone quarry in NE^4SE^4 sec. 35, T. 75 N., 

R. 18 W., about 1% miles south and three-fourths 

of a mile west of Tracy, Marion County, Iowa. Collected by G. H. Girty and P. V. Roundy, Sept. 15, 

1925.

7047-PC. Wolfcamp formation, Uddenites member, basal 

Permian. Type locality, west end of Wolfcamp 

Hills, one-half a mile south of Wolfcamp, Marathon 

area, Texas. Collected by P. B. King and J. B. 

Knight, June 26, 1931.

10889-PC. Helms formation. El Paso quadrangle, Texas, 2y2 

miles west of Powwow Tanks, approximately lat. 

30°50'17" N., long. 106°04'40" W. (See Sohn, 

1953, p. 68).

10890-PC. Helms shale, 5 ft. below limestone bed 9, sec. "G" 

West Texas Geol. Soc. Field Trip May-June, 1946. 

Saddle on top of hill 2% miles west of Powwow 

Tanks, approximately %-% mile north of U.S. 

Highway 62, El Paso quadrangle, El Paso County, 

Tex. Collected by C. C. Branson, November 1949.

11096-PC. Union Valley sandstone, outcrop along a small eastflowing creek, by fence line at Mr. Davis' farm 

buildings. NE% sec. 29, T. 3 N., B. 7 E. or SE% 

sec. 20, T. 3 N., Stonewall quadrangle, Pontotoe 

County, Okla. Collected by H. D. Miser and W. 

H. Hass, Nov. 7, 1949.

12395-PC. Brownwood shale member of Graford formation just 

below limestone conglomerate, bank just west of 

new rectangular kiln of Texas Brick Co., northwest part of city of Brownwood 1.2 miles, airline, 

west of courthouse, Brown County, Tex. Collected 

by K. A. Yenne, May 2, 1951.

12842-PC. Vienna shale, Illinois Central Railroad cut 0.4 mile 

N. of Franklin School, SE% sec. 12, T. 13 S., R. 

4 E., Brownfield quadrangle, Johnson County, 111. 

West side of cut about 16 ft. above coal that crops 

out on east side of cut. Shale from both sides of 

limestone bed. Collected by D. B. Saxby and I. G. 

Sohn, May 18, 1954.

12844-PC. Shetlerville member of Renault formation, Downeys 

Bluff section, shale in cliff above pump house 

NW*4SWi4 sec. 5, T. 13 S., R. 8 E., Hardin County, 

111. Collected by Saxby and Sohn, May 18, 1954.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 111

12846-PC. Devils Kitchen member of Deese formation, (Tomlinson, 1930) slightly to the east of locality 12845. 

Bradfield's loc. 68, NW1^ sec. 4, T. 6 S., R. 2 E., 

Love County, Okla. Collected by C. A. Miller, 

March 1951.

12847-PC. Upper Kinderhook or lower Osage shale, below Ridge 

School, SE%NWH sec. 3, T. 34 N., R. 13 E., Perry 

County, Mo. Collected by A. S. Warthin, Aug. 

1942.

U.S. National Museum localities

472c. Henryhouse formation, from 10 ft of silty yellowish-gray 

calcareous shale, 61 ft above base of section, Chimneyhill Creek and bluff to north, center E^SE1^ sec. 5 

and NWi/iSW^ sec. 4, T. 2 N., R. 6 E., 7 miles south 

of Ada, Pontotoc County, Okla. Section measured and 

collected by W. E. Ham, A. R. Loeblich, Jr., and H. A. 

Lowenstam, May 7, 1947. 

1086. Brownwood shale, Brownwood, Tex. Collected by A. R.

Loeblich.

3069-2. Helms formation, 1.1 miles west of Powwow Tanks, 

approximately lat 31°50'16" N., long 106°02'55" W.. 

El Paso quadrangle, Texas. Collected by A. L. Bowsher, 1948.

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS

Subclass OSTRACODA Latreille, 1802

Latreille (1802, p. IT) originally used the word Ostrachoda to include genera of both the present-day 

Ostracoda and Cladocera. The spelling was later 

changed to Ostracoda (Latreille, 1804, p. 123; 1806, p. 

9, IT) and used in the same sense as above. The group 

comprising the Ostracoda was separated from the Cladocera by Straus in 1821 under the name Ostrapoda. 

The fact that the Cladocera were removed from the 

plexus originally called Ostracoda leaves that name 

available for the remaining taxon. Because the 1804 

spelling is an emendation of the 1802 word, the date of 

proposal is 1802.

The spelling of the vernacular word for the group 

is not consistent. Some spell it "ostracodes," and others, 

especially neontologists, spell it "ostracods." Latreille 

(1804, p. 123; 1806, p. 9, IT) cites in addition to the 

Latin name Ostracoda, the vernacular name "Ostracodes," and in 1802, he cites the vernacular word "Ostrachodes" (Latreille, 1802, p. IT). The ending is assumed to be from the Greek "oides," and the final "e" 

should be retained.

The rank of Ostracoda was raised from subclass to 

class by Lalicker and Moore (1952, p. 4TO, 4T1). It is 

here listed as a subclass because neontologists have not 

yet accepted this revision.

The family and superfamily classification in this 

group is at present in a state of flux. The classification 

in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Moore, 

1961) may establish a suitable framework.

Family AECHMINELLIDAE Sohn in Moore, 1961

Small straight-backed lobate or nodose ostracodes, 

some or 'all of the lobes terminating in spines; ridge

and groove hinge; overlap slight; surface reticulated, 

pitted or smooth; no marginal rims or frills; dimorphism unknown.

Zaspelova (1952, p. 186) described the new Upper 

Devonian subfamily Nodellinae in Drepanellidae. The 

following translation of the Eussian descriptions is by 

Miss Esther Samuels, U.S. Geological Survey:

The shell is small, truncate-oval, equivalved. The dorsal 

margin is straight, ventral margin convex. The anterior end 

is somewhat higher than the posterior, and both ends are even. 

The anterior end is sometimes just forward at the ventral margin; the posterior is sometimes strongly beveled towards the 

ventral edge. The dorsal part has 2 or 4 tubercles. Sometimes 

three anterior tubercles merge at the ventral margin; the posterior tubercle is separated by a deep furrow, or all the tubercles 

are smoothed and the shell becomes flattened. The tubercles 

are sometimes very pointed, variable in arrangement. The 

shell surface is smooth or reticulated. Below the medial 

tubercle, closer to the middle and the anterior end, there is a 

muscular imprint in the form of a round knob. The hinge is 

known only in representatives of one genus, Schiveyerina.

The genus Nodetta Zaspelova, 1952 (type species by 

original designation N. svhwrdensis Zaspelova, 1952) 

is described as follows:

Shell small, truncate oval, with straight dorsal and convex 

ventral margins. Shell provided with sharp tubercles, sometimes stretched parallel to the ends of the shell. Three anterior 

tubercles are close, confluent towards the ventral margin, where 

they form the greatest convexity. The posterior tubercle is 

separated by a deep sulcus, is frequently strongly elongated, 

and has on its ventral part a tubercle or spine. The marginal 

rim is roundish, not always developed. The shell surface is 

smooth. Muscular imprint small roundish node located below the medial tubercle.

Comparison. Nodclla is described for a large group of species 

possessing tubercles, well developed, elongated, parallel to the 

end margins. Three tubercles are confluent ventrally, the posterior one is separated. The closest of known genera is BalontoMes Morey, 1935, described from Carboniferous deposits of 

the United States. The latter is distinguished by valve overlap.

Distribution: Givetian and Frasnian formations of the Russian Platform.

Zaspelova described and illustrated 5 species and 2 

varieties in Nodelta. none having a true marginal rim 

which is diagnostic of Drepanellidae. The description 

of Nodellinae differs from Aechminellidae in three 

points: muscle scar, marginal rim, and hinge. The 

hinge as illustrated for ScJiweyerina (Zaspelova, 1952, 

p. 201, fig. 3) is taxodont, similar to that of Tomigiella 

Jones and Kirkby, 1895, but evidence that this hinge 

is present in Nodella is lacking. The muscle scar is not 

illustrated in any of the genera in this subfamily, and 

as stated above, the marginal rim is not present in the 

type genus, although it is present in the other genera 

included in this subfamily.

It is possible that NodeUa belongs to the Aechminellidae, and should further study prove this to be true,
112 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

the family name based on NodeTia would have priority. One, and possibly two new families would have 

to be erected for the remaining genera in Nodellinae.

Only those genera that have species in the Upper 

Paleozoic are considered here.

Geologic range. Devonian(?), Mississippian 

through Permian.

Genus AECHMINELLA Harlton, 1933

Aechminella Harlton, 1933 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 19.

Balantoides Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 479. Type 

species original designation B. quadrilo'batus Morey, 1935, 

ibid., p. 479, pi. 54, fig. 10. Amsden formation, Wyoming.

Boursella Turner, 1939, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 25, no. 88, 

p. 13. Type species original designation, B. trilobata 

Turner, 1939, ibid., p. 14, pi. 1, fig. 4. Subsurface, Middle 

Devonian, southwestern Ontario, Canada.

Type species. Original designation, A. trispinosa 

Harlton, 1933, Jour. Palentology, v. 7, p. 20, pi. 6, figs. 

9a, b. Johns Valley shale, Pushmataha County, Okla.

Diagnosis. Straight-backed thin-shelled unfrilled 

quadrilobecl or trilobed. Sulci vertical; lobes may extend into hollow spines; confined to dorsal two-thirds of 

valve. Terminal lobes subdued; central lobe larger. 

Hingement ridge and groove; left valve slightly overlaps right along free margins. Surface reticulated.

Discussion. The orientation of this genus is herein 

reversed 180°. Harlton based this genus on two species 

from two separate localities in the Johns Valley shale. 

The type species, A. trispinosa, is represented by two 

left valves (USNM 85544). The second species, A. 

~buchanani, is based on two corroded carapaces (USNM 

85545) that are here referred to Manunoides Bradfield, 

1935. Balantoides Morey, 1935 is based on a corroded 

carapace that belongs to Aechminella. Boursella 

Turner, 1939 is here considered a synonym of this genus.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian-Lower Pennsylvanian. Figure 17 shows the stratigraphic range of 

species in Aechminella.

Lithology. Shale, limestone.

Habitat. Marine.

Aechminella multiloba (Jones and Kirkby), 1886 

Plate 7, figures 27-29

Beyricliia nniltilo'ba Jones. Jones and Kirkby, 1867 [nomen

nudum], Geol. Soc. Glasgow Trans., v. 2, p. 219 [list].

Jones and Kirkby, 1886, Annals Mag. Nat. History, ser. 5,

v. 18, p. 258, pi. 8, figs. 9 a-c. Hosie Limestone series,

Mousewater in Lanarkshire, Scotland.

Kloedenella multiloba (Jones and Kirkby). Latham, 1932, 

Royal Soc. Edinburgh Trans., v. 57, pt. 2, no. 12, p. 362. 

Mid and Main Hosie Limestone, Scotland. 

Balantoides multilobus (Jones and Kirkby). Posner, 1951, 

Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, 

new ser., no. 56, p. 41, pi. 6, figs. 4, 4a. Lower Carboniferous, Russia.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES 

10

LOWER

PERMIAN

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EXPLANATION

D

stricted to systen 

part of system

tionably 

system i 

system

signed to 

part of

stratigraphrc levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 17. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of 

species in Aechminella.

Central lobe round, posterior to midlength. 

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Aechminella nudilobata (Zanina), 1956

Balantoides nudilobatus Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geologorazv. Inst, Trudy, pt. 8, new ser. no. 98, 

p. 212, pi. 3, figs. lOa. b. Visean, Russia.

Central lobe divided by horizontal sulcus into two 

rounded nodes, anterior lobe consists of two offset small 

hemispherical nodes. Differs from B. prikschiana 

(Posner), 1951, in that the lower median node is larger 

and the upper median node is rounded instead of 

pointed. Further study may prove the two to be conspecific.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Aechminella prikschiana (Posner), 1951

Balantoides prikschianus Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser. no. 56, p. 42, 

pi. 6, figs. 9a-c, lOa, b. Lower Carboniferous, Russia.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 113

Distinguished by two small nodes below the anterior 

lobe. See discussion under A. nudilvbata. 

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Aechminella quadrilobata (Morey), 1935 

Plate 7, figure 30

Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

9, p. 479, pi. 54, fig. 10. Limestone, Amsden formation, 

Cherry Creek about 2 miles south of Little Popo Agie 

River, and Amsden Hill, Wyo., about 4 miles southeast 

of the same river, in float.

Central lobe round, at approximate center of valve. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian (?).

Aechminella reticulata (Croneis and Thurman), 1939

Balantoides reticulatus Croneis and Thurman, 1939, Denison

Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 316, pi. 8, fig. 17.

Kinkaid formation, shale in draw three-fourths of a mile

southeast of Glendale, Hope County, 111. 

1 Balantoides reticulatua Croneis and Thurman. Cooper, 1947,

Jour. Paleontology, v. 21, p. 86 [list], pi. 21, figs. 1-3.

Kinkaid shale, north tributary of Lick Creek, sec. 31, T.

11 S., R. 2 E., Johnson County, 111. 

IBalantoides moreyi. Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939, Denison

Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 348, pi. 10, fig. 16.

Clore shale, exposed in roadcut south of Love's store,

700 ft north of Philadelphia School, Hardin County, 111.

Lobes pointed; central lobe posterior to midlength. 

Holotypes of both species here in synonymy are single 

valves; Cooper illustrates a carapace that has less pointed lobes.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Aechminella trilobata (Turner), 1939

BourseUa trilobata Turner, 1939, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 

25, no. 88, p. 14, pi. 1, fig. 4. Subsurface, Middle Devonian, southwestern Ontario, Canada.

Kesling, 1953, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., 

v. 10, no. 8, p. 197, pi. 1, figs. 11-16. Arkona shale, 14 

ft below Encrinal limestone. Near junction of Rock 

Glen and Ausable River, on east bank of river, Middlesex County, West Williams Township, Ontario, Canada.

Based on Kesling's illustrations of this species, it differs from ^4. multiloba (Jones and Kirkby) 1886, in 

that the posterior lobe is not as well defined and the 

central lobe has a wider base.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Aechminella trispinosa Harlton, 1933 

Plate 7, figures 39, 40

Aechminella trispinosa Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, 

p. 20, pi. 6, figs. 9a, b. Johns Valley shale, NE^SE1^ sec. 

10, T. 1 S., R. 16 E. Pushmataha County, Okla.

Posterior spine well developed. Harlton's photograph was retouched to show punctations that are not 

on the specimens.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Aechminella sp. No. 1 (Posner), 1951

Balantoides sp. No. 1 Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz, Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst, Trudy, new ser. no. 56, p. 42, pi. 6, 

fig. 6. Lower Carboniferous, Russia.

Characterized by extremely long and pointed median 

lobe. Illustration resembles the Lower Pennsylvanian 

A. trispinosa Harlton, 1933.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

SPECIES REJECTED

Aechminella buchanani Harlton, 10&3=Mammoide8 buchanani

(Harlton), 1933. 

Aechminella fimbriata Gibson, 1955=WaMro«i*es? fimbriata

(Gibson), 1955. 

Balantoides Mltmorensus Loranger, 1954=Waldronitesf! Ultmorensus (Loranger), 1954.

SPECIES TO BE INVESTIGATED

Balantoides fribourgettus Loranger, 1954, Western Canada 

sedimentary basin: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 198, 

pi. 1, figs. 3, 4. Upper Devonian, Alberta, Canada.

Genus MAMMOIDES Bradfield, 1935

Mammoides Bradfield, 1935," Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no.

73, p. 37.

Aechminella Harlton, 1933 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 

19.

Type species. Original designation, Mammoides 

mammillata Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, 

v. 22, no. 73, p. 37, pi. 1, fig. 21. Pennsylvanian, 

Oklahoma.

Diagnosis. Straight-backed inequivalved ostracodes 

with two mammillate lobes in dorsal half of valve and 

lateral pointing spine near posterior margin. Hinge 

ridge and groove.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian-Permian.

Lithology. Shale.

Habitat. Marine.

After this paper was completed it was discovered 

that the genus BeyricMana Kellett, 1933, is probably 

a senior subjective synonym. Kellett based this genus 

on a single valve on which the posterior spine is broken, 

B. penniana Kellett, 1933, from the Wreforcl formation, Kansas. She stated (1933, p. 74) that her species 

looks very much like BeyricMana(1.} gigantea (Jones, 

Kirkby, and Brady), 1884. Latham (1932, p. 359) 

referred Beyrichia gigantea Jones, Kirkby, and Brady, 

1884, to Tribolbina Latham, 1932. Since Tribolbina 

is exceptionally large, the type species T. carnegiei 

Latham, 1932, is recorded to have a length from 7.5 to 

9.0 mm, and T. gigantea (Jones, Kirkby, and Brady), 

1884, is recorded to be from 4.5 to 4.9 mm long, and 

because neither of the two species is illustrated to have 

a posterior spine, Beyricliiana Kellett, 1933, is probably 

not synonymous with Tribolbina Latham, 1932.
114 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

Mammoides buchanani (Harlton), 1933

AecJiminella buchanani Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, 

p. 20, pi. 7, figs, la, b. Johns Valley shale NE%SE% 

SW% sec. 4, T. 1 S., R. 16 E. Pushmataha County, Okla. 

Kellett, 1937, Jour. Paleontology, v. 11, p. 771.

Lateral outline siibhemicircular. Harlton illustrated 

two specimens, both labeled as cotypes (USNM 65545). 

The original of his figure la is here designated as the 

lectotype, and the original of his figure Ib remains as 

a paratype. Both specimens are corroded.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvania!!.

Mammoides cooperi Sohn, n. sp. 

Plate 7, figures 17-20

Differs from M. buchanani (Harlton) by less rounded 

ventral margin and by space between the two dorsal 

lobes. In M. buckanani the distance between the lobes 

is equal to the diameter of the trace of the larger posterior lobe on the surface of the valve; in M. cooperi 

this distance is less than the diameter of the trace of the 

larger lobe.

Measurements, in millimeters, follow :

Holot ype 

(USNM 119S20)

Length ______ 0.84 

Height ______ .48

Unflgured parati/pe (carapace) 

(USNM *11 

0.88 

.51

Type locality. Helms shale, Texas, USGS loc. 

10890.

This species is named in honor of Dr. C. L. Cooper, 

U.S. Geological Survey.

Mammoides dorsospinosa Sohn, n. sp. 

Plate 7, figures 15, 16

Differs from all other species of this genus in that the 

posterior lateral spine is at or slightly above midheight. 

The lateral lobes are drawn out into posterior pointing 

curved spines. All the 16 specimens on hand are 

crushed. Holotype USNM 119818, paratypes USNM 

119819.

Measurements of the holotype are: length, 0.62 mm; 

height, 0.35 mm.

Type locality. Brownwood shale, Texas, USNM 

loc. 1086.

Mammoides mammillata Bradfield, 1935

Plate 7, figure 34

Mammoides mammillata Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, 

v. 22, no. 73, p. 37, pi. 1, fig. 21. Deese( ?) formation, shale 

150 ft above chert conglomerate, in gully, about 0.7 mile 

north, and 0.1 mile west of Deese School, near the center 

of NE%NE^4 sec. 32, T. 3 S., R. 1 E., Carter County, Okla. 

Aechminella mammillata (Bradfield). Kellett, 1936, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 10, p. 771.

The holotype (Indiana Univ. 2004) is a corroded 

specimen. Kellett (1936, p. 771) considered 

moides a synonym of Aechminella Harlton, 1933.

Geologic range. Middle Pennsylvanian.

Mammoides n. sp. 1 

Plate 7, figures 31-33

A single internal mold of a carapace from the Wolfcamp formation (USGS-loc. 7047-PC) with the 

posterior spine almost at the ventroposterior corner is 

available. This species is not named because of inadequate material. It is illustrated in order to show that 

the position of the posterior spine is not indicative of 

the geologic age as in Coryellina.

Measurements of the figured specimen (USNM 

119826) are: length, 0.78 mm; height, 0.52 mm.

Type, locality. Wolfcamp formation, Texas, USGS 

loc. 7047-PC.

Geologic range. Permian.

Family AMPHISSITIDAE Knight, 1928

Straight-backed small subquadrate ostracodes; with 

one or more nodes; well-developed kirkbyan pit, usually 

carved into or near subcentral node; one or more marginal rims. Dimorphism not observed.

Sohn (1954, p. 12) referred the following genera to 

this taxon:

Amphissitcs Girty, 1910 

"Ectodemites" Cooper, 1941 

Kegelites Coryell and Booth, 1933 

Polytylites Cooper, 1941

The new genus Shleesha is here added to this family.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian through Permian.

More than 100 species have been referred to Amphissites, and many of these have been referred to later established genera. Two additional genera are described 

in this study. The following key discriminates the more 

common genera.

KEY TO GENERA

The terms used in the following key are illustrated in figure 18, names in parentheses are 

synonyms.

1. Central node present, either subdued or well

developed. ________________________________ 2

la. Central node absent_____---_--__------------- 8

2(1). One or more marginal ridges. _________________ 3

2a. No marginal ridges_---_-_---_--_ Doradatum (p. 149) 

3(1). Two or more marginal ridges_________----_-__ 4

3a. One marginal ridge_ _________ Shleesha n. gen. (p. 134)

4(3). Dorsal shield present___^-_-_---------------_- 7

4a. Dorsal shield absent __ ____________-_-_---_--_ 5

5(4a). Terminal nodes absent.--------"Ectodemites" (p. 126)

5a. Terminal nodes or shoulders present-_____--___- 6

6(5a). Two terminal nodes or shoulders.-- Polytylites (p. 130) 

6a. Anterior terminal node absent____-_- Kegelites (p. 128)

(Kirkbyitesl) 

7(4). Surface of the valve without carinae

"Ectodemites" (p. 126) 

7a. Surface of the valve with carinae_____----__-_- 9
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 115

8(la). Dorsal shield present. ______

8a. Dorsal shield absent. _ _ _ __ _

9(7a). Horizontal carina above pit__

9a. Vertical carinae on each side

subparallel to end margins.

10(8a). One or more marginal ridges.

lOa. No marginal ridges____ ______

11(10). Two marginal ridges ________

lla. One marginal ridge__________

_____ Amphizona (p. 137) 

_________________ 10

_____ Amphizona (p. 137) 

of subcentral node, 

_____ Amphissites (p. 115) 

_________________ 11

______ Roundyella (p. 149)

-__ Reviya n. gen. (p. 141) 

____ Amphissella (p. 148)

Genus AMPHISSITES Girty, 1910

Amphissites Girty, 1910, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 20, pt.

2, p. 235.

Roundy, 1926, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 146, p. 7. 

Knight, 1928 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, no. 3, p.

246-252, 258^-259.

Roth, 1929 [part], Wagner Free Inst. Sci Pub. 1, p. 31-36. 

Warthin, 1930, Oklahoma Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 63. 

Geis, 1932 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 153-

155, 162.

Kellett, 1933 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, no. 1, p. 93. 

Upson, 1933 [part], Nebraska Geol. Survey Bull. 8, 2d ser.,

p. 41. 

Bradfield, 1935 [part], Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no.

73, p. 54.

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 48. 

Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 12. 

Binodella Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73,

p. 140.

tAlbanella Harris and Lalicker, 1932, Am. Midland Naturalist, 

v. 13, no. 6, p. 397.

Type species. Original designation, A. rugosus 

Girty, 1910, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 20, pt. 2, 

p. 236 [no illus.] ; also Koundy, 1926, U.S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 146, p. 7, pi. 1, figs. la-c. Fayetteville 

shale, Fayetteville quadrangle, Arkansas.

Diagnosis. Subquadrate essentially equivalved, reticulate ostracodes. Median node well developed to 

subdued, flanked on both sides by carinae that may or 

may not superpose elongated nodes. Carinae connected 

by a dorsal carina subparallel to hingeline that joins 

the hinge at cardinal angles, forming a shieldlike area 

in dorsal outline. Two marginal ridges parallel free 

margins and join at cardinal angles. Oval kirkbyan 

pit at base of median node. Ridge and groove hingement, larger valve ridged, has poorly to well developed 

terminal teeth that fit into open sockets in the opposing 

valve. Teeth terminate and are part of the rabbeted 

part of free margin.

Discussion. Young growth stages in species of this 

genus have relatively well developed median nodes that 

tend to become broader in the adult. Fortuitous preservation on some specimens suggest that the carinae 

are really frills that stand out above the surface of the 

valve (pi. 7, figs. 44, 45). A reconstruction of the 

surface of Amphissites is shown in figure 18, in which 

two alternate hypothetical ornaments of the carinae and 

marginal ridges are shown.

^^^

2 -f- . ;%Vp$h--35dlk:

FIGURE 18. Amphissites costatus Roth, 1929, a restoration by Miss 

 Carolyn Bartlett, approximately X72. The right and left halves of 

the valve show two possible forms of the ridges and carinae. This 

reconstruction is based on specimens of various species including 

those illustrated on pi. 7, figs. 44, 45 ; pi. 8, fig. 44. dc, dorsal 

carina, that forms the dorsal shield; he, horizontal carina ; ir, inner 

ridge; or, outer rim; sc, secondary carinae; tc, terminal carina; 

vs, ventral surface of valve below outer ridge.

The presence and position of these carinae are important criteria for specific discrimination. The size 

of the carinae that is, whether they stand out above 

the surface of the valve or are preserved as smooth lines 

assumed here to be the traces on the surface of the 

valve is probably the result of preservation. Consequently, species that have the same configuration of 

carinae but differ in the height or even width of these 

structures are considered here as synonyms. The development of the carinae during growth awaits study.

The reconstruction, as well as polished sections 

through species of Kirkbyidae (Kesling and Copeland, 

1954, fig. 1; Sohn, 1954 pis. 2, 4), indicate that the 

marginal ridges have the same structures as the lateral 

carinae. Several genera previously removed from Amphissites. as well as the new genera Reviya and Shleesha, are based, in part, on the absence of marginal 

ridges and lateral carinae.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian-Permian. Figure 

19 shows the stratigraphic range of the species in Amphissites.

Lithology. Shale, limestone.

Habitat. Marine; Craig (1954, p. Ill) suggests that 

Amphissites was not endemic to mud.

KEY TO SPECIES

In the following key, names in parentheses are 

synonyms.

1. Median node present, well defined ____________ 2

la. Median node absent or undefined.____________ 18

2(1). Median node small, less than one-third of greatest length of valve________________________ 3

2a. Median node large, one-third or more of greatest

length of valve________-___--__-----_---_- 16

553639 O -6Z -Z
116 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

3(2). Median node without superposed or adjacent

carinae _ ______________________---___-_--- 4

3a. Median node with superposed or adjacent carinae__ _ ________________-----_-----_----- 11

4(3). Median node round______-_-----------_--__- 5

4a. Median node vertically elongate. _______ bushi (p. 117)

5(4). Median node complete, without sinus or truncation. __________________________________ 6

5a. Median node not complete_____-_____________ 10

6(5). Median node approximately at midlength______ 7

6a. Median node anterior or posterior to midlength _ 23 

7(6). Terminal nodes carinate, about equal size____ 8

7a. Terminal nodes not carinate, posterior larger

miseri (p. 120) 

8(7). Inner ridge to cardinal angles ________________ 9

8. Inner ridge does not reach cardinal angles

cumingsi (p. 119)

9(8). Inner ridge perpendicular to shell surface.- centronotus 

(p. 118), marginiferus, mosquensis, nodosus, parvus, robustus, similaris, transversus, verrucosus. 

9a. Inner ridge at acute angle to shell surface

carinatus (p. 118) (exiguus)

10(5a). Median node with dorsal sinus__ nodosulcatus (p. 120) 

lOa. Median node truncated in dorsoposterior quarter- ___-_-__-____-__--__----__ truncatus (p. 122)

ll(3a). Median node with one carina_________________ 12

lla. Median node with more than one carina, or with

carina divided by node____________________ 15

12(11). Carina superposed on node_________________ 13

12a. Carina adjacent to node_____----_----__-____ 14

13(12). Vertical carina on center of node ..alticostatus (p. 116) 

13a. Vertical carina on posterior portion of node

carinodus (p. 118) 

14(12a). Carina trends anteroventrally______ deesensis (p. 120)

14a. Carina trends horizontally toward the anterior

girtyi (p. 120) 

15(lla). Carina on both sides of node_-----_----_-____ 27

15a. Carina only on anterior side of node___ beatus (p. 117) 

16(2a). Median node without superposed or adjacent

carinae_ _________________________________ 17

16a. Median node with superposed or adjacent

carinae_ _________________________________ 25

17(16). Terminal carina well developed.______________ 20

I7a. Terminal carina weak______________ tumidus (p. 122)

18(la). Median node replaced by vertical carinae______ 19

18a. Median node replaced by intersecting carinae

costatus (p. 119), (marginiferd) 

19(18). Vertical carina straight

bernhageni (p. 117), (carmani, shafferi) 

19a. Carinae U-shaped___________________ urei (p. 122)

20 (17). Greatest width equal or less than greatest height. 21 

20a. Greatest width more than greatest height

vanniae (p. 123)

21 (20). Carina on posterior node straight_____________ 26

21a. Carina on posterior node curved_______--_---_ 22

22(21a). Carinae curved parallel to inner rims_ pulcher (p. 121) 

22a. Carinae trend towards inner rim______ remesi (p. 121)

23 (6a). Median node anterior to midlength ___________ 24

23a. Median node posterior to midlength-__ planoventralis

(p. 121) 

24(23). Median node very small; specimen very thin in

dorsal outline__________________ robertsi (p. 121)

24a. Median node large, about one-fourth of the

greatest length; specimen robust _ altanodosus (p. 116),

(armatus)

25(16a). Vertical carina on median node__ reticulatus (p. 121) 

25a. Horizontal carina below median node to anterior

carina___________________________ knighti (p. 120)

26(21). Third inner ridge present._________ rugosus (p. 121),

(chappelensis, congruens, golcondensis, latmodus, 

quadratus, weaveri). 

26a. Third inner ridge absent_____ centronotoides (p. 118)

27(15). Vertical carina on node below the horizontal

carinae-_____________________ subinsignis (p. 122)

27a. No vertical carina on node__--__---___--_____ 28

28(27a). Horizontal carina crosses node. _____ insignis (p. 120)

28a. Horizontal carina does not cross node__ n. sp. (p. 123)

SPECIES ACCEPTED

Amphissites altanodosus Geis, 1932 

Plate 8, figures 20-22

Amphissites altanodosus Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, p.

166, pi. 24, figs. 4a-f. Salem limestone, railroad cut at

Spergen Hill, Norris, Ind. 

Amphissites altonodosus Geis. Sohn, 1940, Jour. Paleontology,

v. 14, p. 155 [list]. 

Amphissites armatus Brayer, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, v. 26,

p. 173, pi. 28, figs. 5a-c. Salem limestone, roadcut, west

side of Missouri Highway 21, about one-fourth of a mile

north of the Meramec River bridge in St. Louis County,

Mo.

The position of the median node distinguishes this 

species.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites alticostatus Bradfield, 1935 

Plate 7, figures 1-4

Amphissites alticostatus Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, 

v. 22, no. 73, p. 58, pi. 4, fig. 4. Dornick Hills formation, 

shale about 50 ft. below Otterville limestone, about 2 

miles northwest of Berwyn, gulley NE% sec. 12, T. 3 S., 

R. 2 E., Carter County, Okla.

Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 97, pi. 15, 

figs. 9-11. Shale above Liverpool limestone, NW% sec. 

17, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Fulton County, 111.

Differs from all other species except A. reticulatus 

Geis, 1932, by crest on center of median node. The 

holotype is an immature individual. A specimen from 

the Finis shale member of the Graham formation, Texas 

(USGS loc. 296T-PC) is illustrated (pi. 7, figs, 1-3). 

A. reticulatus is larger and has a larger median node, 

and the inner ridge is closer to the ventral margin. 

Should the study of growth series indicate that these 

differences are gradational with ontogenetic development, A. alticostatus would then become a junior synonym of A. reticulatus, and the geologic range of the 

species would be Upper Mississippian through Pennsylvanian.

Geologic range. Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 117

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

LOWER 

PERMIAN

Upper

2121

Middle

5 1 1

Lower

Upper

o I

CD i

Lower

Upper

Middle

EXPL ANATION

II

umbe

strict

part

r of species re

ed to system or

of system

Nu mber of species recorded i

of syste

which

n system or part

m, the types of 

are from the

Number of

corded in :

of system, 

which ar

species resystem or part

the types of 

e from the

corded m system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Upper Mississippian

stratigraphic lew 

which the spec 

recorded

FIGUEE 19. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of species in

Amphissites.

Amphissites beatus Posner, 1951

Amphissites beatus Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst, Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 66, 

pi. 12, fig. 5. Lower Carboniferous, Russia.

Characterized by several carinae anterior to subcentral node.

Geologic range. Lower Carboniferous.

Amphissites bernhageni Stewart and Hendrix, 1945 

Ampliissites bernhageni Stewart and Hendrix, 1945, Jour. Paleontology, v. 19, p. 104, pi. 11, figs. 19-21. Olentangy 

shale, 80 yd north of the confluence of the main tributaries of Bartholomew Run, EVoSW^ T. 3 N., R. 19 W., 

Dublin quadrangle, one mile north of the Franklin-Delaware County line, Delaware County, Ohio.

Ampliissites carmani Stewart and Heiidrix, 1945, Jour. Paleontology, v. 19, p. 106, pi. 11, figs. 22-24. Olentangy shale, 

same locality as above.

Amphissites sliafferi Stewart and Hendrix, 1945, Jour. Paleontology, v. 19, p. 106, pi. 11, figs. 25-27. Olentangy shale, 

same locality as above.

lAmpliissites sliafferi Stewart and Hendrix. Loranger, 1954, 

Western Canada sedimentary basin: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 197, pi. 2, figs. 29, 30. Upper Devonian, Alberta, Canada.

[not] Amphissites carmani ? Stewart and Hendrix. Gibson, 

1955=species to be investigated.

The differences noted in the original description of 

the three concurrent species are due to preservation. 

The species is characterized by an elongate median node.

Geologic range. Upper Devonian.

Amphissites bushi Harlton, 1933

Plate 7, figures 46, 47

Ampliissites bitslii Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 24, 

pi. 6, figs. lOa-d. Johns Valley shale, center of south
118 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

line of NE1/4SE14 sec. 10. T. 1 S., R. 16 E., Pushmataha 

County, Okla.

USNM 85554 contains four cotypes. The original of 

Harlton's figure lOa is here designated as the lectotype. 

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Amphissites carinatus Cooper, 1941

AmpJiissites carinatus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 48, pi. 9, figs. 19-21. Glen Dean formation, 

NW^NW1^ sec. 15, T. 11 S., R. 9 E., Hardin County, 111.

Amphissites centronotus^ (Ulrich and Bassler). Croneis and 

Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 

270, pi. 5, fig. 9. Golconda formation, limestone and shale 

in roadcut near Douglas School, Hardin County, 111

AmpJiissites exiguus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 49, pi. 9, figs. 13-15. Kinkaid formation, NE*4 

SW%NE^4 sec. 20, T. 12 S., R. 3 E., one-half a mile south 

of Veatch School, Johnson County, 111.

[not] Amphissites carinatus Cooper, 1946=A. carinodus 

Cooper, 1957.

According to Cooper (1941, p. 49), Croneis and Gale 

identified a crushed specimen of A. carinatus as A. centronotus. He further states that his species differs from 

A. centronotus in that in A. carinatus the inner ridge 

is closer to the ventral margin. This is probably due 

to the fact that in Cooper's species the inner ridge makes 

an acute angle with the surface of the valve, whereas 

in the former species it is perpendicular to the surface 

of the valve. This difference can be seen by comparing 

Cooper's figure 21 with Sohn's illustration (1954, pi. 

3, fig. IT). A. carinatus Cooper, 1946 is a primary 

junior homonym, and the name has been replaced by 

A. carinodus Cooper, 195T. The holotype of A. exiguus 

is a partly exfoliated young individual.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian. 

Amphissites carinodus Cooper, 1957

Amphissites carinodus Cooper, 1957, Jour. Paleontology, v. 31, 

p. 674, new name for A. carinatus Cooper, 1946, [not] 

Cooper, 1941.

Amphissites carinatus Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 

70, p. 97, pi. 15, figs. 15-18, 21, 22. Shale in Woodbury 

cyclothem, SE1^ sec. 32, T. 9 N, R. 8 E., Cumberland 

County; shale below limestone in Bogota cyclothem, NW% 

sec. 27, T. 7 N., R. 10 E., Jasper County; shale above 

Greenup limestone, NW*4 sec. 10, T. 9 N., R. 9 E., Cumberland County, 111.

This species differs from A. aUicostatus Bradfield, 

1935, in that the crest is on the posterior part of the 

median node.

Geologic range. Upper Pennsylvanian.

Amphissites centronotoides Geis, 1932

Plate 7, figures 25, 26

Amphissites centronotoides Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, 

p. 165, pi. 24, figs. 3 a-d. Salem limestone, railroad cut 

in Spergen Hill at Norris, Ind.

The holotype (Illinois Univ. M-325) is a poorly preserved specimen; 4 paratypes (Illinois Univ. M-326)

consist of 3 single valves and the carapace of a very 

young instar. The right valve probably belongs to A. 

altanodosus Geis; the two left valves are better preserved than the holotype and have parts of the inner 

riclge preserved. This ridge is perpendicular to the 

valve surface.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites centronotus (TJlrich and Bassler), 1906 

Plate 7, figures 8-10

Kirk'bya centronota Ulrich and Bassler, 1906, U.S. Natl. Mus. 

Proc., v. 30, p. 159, pi. 11. figs. 16, 17. Cottonwood shale, 

2 miles east of Cottonwood Falls, Kans. For a discussion of the spelling of the specific name see R. C. Moore 

[ed.J, Jour. Paleontology, v. 11, footnote p. 280, 1937. 

Amphissites centronota (Ulrich and Bassler). Harlton, 1927, 

Jour. Paleontology, v. 1, p. 207, pi. 32, figs. lOa, b. Hoxbar formation, NW. cor. sec. 20, T. 5 S., R. 1 E., about 

4y2 miles southwest of Ardrnore, Carter County, Okla.

Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 

59, pi. 4, fig. 3. Deese formation, shale, 30 ft below chert 

conglomerate, in road 0.7 mile north of Deese, Carter 

County, Okla.

Amphissites centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler). Knight, 1928, 

Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, p. 259, pi. 32, figs. 6a-e, pi. 34, 

fig. 2. Shale parting in "Brown lime" in Labette shale 

exposed in south bank of creek east of Price Road and 

south of Ladue Road, and other localities, St. Louis 

County, Mo.

Delo, 1930, Jour. Paleontology, v. 4, p. 160, pi. 12, fig. 9, 

Pennsylvanian, Fort McKavett Oil Co., Tisdall No. 1 

well, 1,730-1,750 ft center of River sec. 1499, Wilhelin 

Helm Survey, Schleicher County, Tex.

Warthin, 1930, Oklahoma Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 66, pi. 

5, figs. 4a-c. Wetumka formation, crinoidal layer 25 ft 

below top, 1,100 ft south of the center of the north line, 

sec. 24, T. 4 N., R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla.

Latham, 1932, Royal Soc. Edinburgh Trans., v. 56, pt. 2, 

no. 12, p. 370, text fig. 17, Carboniferous, Scotland.

Coryell and Billings, 1932, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 13, 

p. 184. pi. 18, fig. 9. Wayland shale, 5 miles east and 

2,000 ft north of Cisco, along the highway leading from 

Cisco to Eastland, Eastland County, Tex.

Coryell and Sample. 1932, idem, v. 13, p. 258, pi. 25, fig. 1. 

East Mountain shale member of the Mineral Wells formation, near Mineral Wells, Palo Pinto County, Tex.

Coryell and Booth, 1933, idem, v. 14, p. 260, pi. 3, figs. 1, 2. 

Wayland shale member of the Graham formation west 

of Salt Creek, near the Graham-Throckmorton road, 1 

mile west of Graham, Young County, Tex.

Kellett, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 95, pi. 16, figs. 

16-22. Middle Pennsylvanian through Permian, Kansas.

Upson, 1933, Nebraska Geol. Survey Bull. 8, p. 42, pi. 3, 

figs. 7a-c. Florena-Cottonwood contact, 2 miles southeast of Stockdale, Riley County, Kans.

Johnson, 1936, Nebraska Geol. Survey Paper 11, p. 30, pi. 

3, figs. 12-14. Island Creek shale, bluffs just south of 

the Burlington Railroad, between 2% and 3% miles west 

of Oreapolis, sec. 32, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., Cass County, Nebr.

Scott and Borger, 1941, Jour. Paleontology, v. 15, p. 354 

[list], pi. 49, fig. 7. Macoupin limestone, along Embar-
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 119

rass River, 1 mile east of Lawrenceville, Lawrence 

County, 111.

Cooper. 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 98, pi. 15, 

figs. 19. 20. Shale below LaSalle limestone, NW1^ sec. 

33, T. 16 N., R. 11 E., Bureau County, 111. 

Marple, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, v. 26, p. 934, pi. 134, fig. 

15. Lower Mercer limestone, abandoned pit of Logan 

Clay Products Co., on south side of road three-fourths 

of a mile east of Route 75, sec. 31, Falls Gore Township, 

Hocking County, Ohio.

Ampliissites cf. A. centronotus Kummerow. 1939, Preuss. Geol. 

Landesanstalt, Abh., n. f., no. 194, p. 29, pi. 3, fig. 4. Tournaisian-Visean, Belgium and Germany. 

Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 13, 

pi. 3, figs. 15-21, pi. 3, figs. 1-3. Permian, Glass Mountains, Tex.

AmpMssites centronota var. transversa Roth, 1929, Wagner Free 

Inst. Sci. Pub. 1, p. 52, pi. 3, figs. 17a-c. Contact between the Hogshooter limestone and the Nellie Ely formation, SEHSEii sec. 15, T. 19 N., R. 11 E., Tulsa County, 

Okla.

AmpMssites centronotus elongatus Payne, 1937, Jour. Paleontology, v. 11, p. 280, pi. 38, figs. 2a-c. Hayden Branch 

formation, north-central part sec. 10, T. 8 N., R. 10 W., 

Sullivan County, Ind.

Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 98, pi. 15, 

figs. 23-25. Shale between limestone beds of Bogota 

cyclothem, NW1/! sec. 25, T. 8 N., R. 3 E., Fayette County, 

111.

TAmpMssites marginiferus Roth. Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 23, pi. 6, figs. 3a, b. Johns A^alley shale, SE. 

cor. sec. 1, T. 1 N., R. 13 E., one-half a mile southeast of 

Wesley, Pushmataha County, Okla. Plesiotypes USNM 

85550.

"iAmphissitcs mosqucnsis Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 65, 

pi. 13, figs. 5, 6, 7 a, b. Lower Carboniferous, Russia. 

Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch-Issled. Geologorazv. 

Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 231, pi. 5, fig. 6. Visean, 

Russia.

1 Amphissites nodosus Scott and Borger, 1941, Jour. Paleontology, v. 15, p. 356, pi. 49, fig. 12. Limestone, Macoupin 

cyclothem, along Embarrass River, 1 mile east of Lawrenceville, Lawrence County, 111. The holotype is an 

internal impression of probably a young A. centronotus.

lAmphissitcs parvus Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 

70, p. 99, pi. 15, figs. 3-6. Shale below Seville limestone, 

NEi4 sec. 21, T. 17 N., R. 1 E., Henry County 111. The 

holotype is a young individual.

Amphissites robustus Cooper, 1946, idem, p. 100, pi. 15, figs. 

34-36. Shale parting in Macoupin limestone, NW1^ sec. 

2, T. 9 N., R. 7 W., Macoupin County; shale from nodular 

zone in lower part of upper bench of Lonsdale limestone, 

NEi/i sec. 10, T. 8 N., R. 6 E., Peoria County, 111.

AmpMssites rugosus Girty. Marple, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 26, p. 935, pi. 134, figs. 17, 18. Shale in the Lowellville 

limestone at Poverty Run, Hopewell Township, Muskingum County, Ohio.

AmpMsxitcs similaris Morey, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, 

p. 115. pi. 17, fig. 6. Shale seams in lower part of the 

Chouteau limestone, Brown's Station, 3 miles northwest 

of the town, at the junction of Lost and Clear Fork 

creeks; along the Missouri, Kansas, and Texas Railroad 

tracks, 200-500 yd south of the station at Providence,

Boone County; north edge of the town of Ozark, Greene 

County, Mo.

Amphissites transversus Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey 

Bull. 70, p. 100, pi. 15, figs. 1, 2. Shale below Seaborne 

limestone, NW1/! sec. 32, T. 1 N., R. 2 W., Brown County, 

111.

AmpMssites verrucosus Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geologorazv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 235, 

pi. 5, fig. 13. Visean, Russia.

lAllanella gouldi Harris and Lalicker, 1932, Am. Midland 

Naturalist, v. 13, p. 397, pi. 36, figs. 2a, b. Wreford limestone, 5 miles south of Dexter, Cowley County, Kans. 

Based on two specimens that appear to be internal impressions of A. centronotus. (See Cooper, 1946, p. 98.)

IBinodella Unoda Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, 

no. 73, p. 140, pi. 13, figs. 7a, b. Shale in Deese formation, 102 ft. below Arnold limestone, 500 ft. south of road 

in gulley, NW^iNE^ sec. 33, T. 3 S., R. 1 E., Carter 

County, Okla. Internal impression of A. centronotus"!. 

(See Sohn, 1954, p. 13.)

ILeperditia prominens Chapman, 1920, New South Wales Geol. 

Survey Rec. 9, pt. 2, p. 102, pi. 17, figs. 8, 9. PermoCarboniferous, New South Wales. Internal impression.

IPohjtylites trilobus (Croneis and Gale). Marple, 1952, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 26, p. 935, pi. 134, fig. 20. Same collection as A. nigosus Girty. Marple.

[not] AmpMssites centronotus'! (Ulrich and Bassler). Croneis 

and Gale, 1939=A. carinatus Cooper, 1941.

Geologic range. Carboniferous; Mississippian 

through Permian.

AmpMssites costatus Roth, 1929

Plate 8, figure 44 

Ampliissites costatum Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Pub.

1, p. 37, pi. 2, figs. lOa-c. Wapanucka limestone, sec.

28, T. 3 N., R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla. 

AmpMssites costatus Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 292

[emendation]. 

Amphissites marginifera Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci.

Pub. 1, p. 45, pi. 3, figs. 14a-c. Wapanueka limestone,

same collection as above. 

AmpMssites marginiferus Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3,

p. 292 [emendation].

[not] AmpMssites marginiferus Roth. Harlton, 1933=A. centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler) 1906. 

[not] AmpMssites marginiferus Roth. Bradfield, 1935=A.

rugosus Girty, 1910.

The holotypes of both of the above species are 

abraded, a paratype of A. costatus (USNM 80189A) is 

somewhat better preserved, and shows the characteristic costae.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvania!!.

Amphissites cumingsi Bradfield, 1935

Plate 7, figure 21

AmpMssites cumingsi Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, 

v. 22, no. 73, p. 56, pi. 3, fig. 13. Dornick Hills formation, 

shale, half way stratigraphically between the top of the 

Springer formation and the Otterville limestone, 0.9 mile 

north of south line of sec. 11, T. 4 S., R. 1 E., in road onefourth of a mile west of east section line, Carter County, 

Okla.
120 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

The holotype (Indiana Univ. 2155), a left valve, has 

matrix on the posterior node that covers the carina and 

terminal part of the inner rim.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Amphissites deesensis Bradfield, 1935

Plate 7, figures 23, 24

Amphissites ffirtyi var. deesensis Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. 

Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 61, pi. 4, fig. 5. Deese(?) 

formation, shale about 150 ft above chert conglomerate, 

in gully, about 0.7 mile north and 0.1 mile west of Deese 

School, center of NE^NE^ sec. 32, T. 3 S-, R. 1 E., 

Carter County, Okla.

Differs from A. girtyi Knight in that the horizontal 

carina adjoining the median node trends towards the 

anteroventral area rather than the anterior area.

Geologic range. Middle Pennsylvanian.

Amphissites girtyi Knight, 1928

Plate 7, figure 22

Amphissites girtyi Knight, 1928, Jour, Paleontology, v. 2, p. 

260, pi. 32, figs. 7 a, b.; pi. 34, fig. 1. Shale parting in 

"Brown lime" in Labette shale, exposed in south bank 

of creek east of Price Road and south of Ladue Road, 

St. Louis County, Mo.

Warthin, 1930, Oklahoma Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 65, pi. 

5, fig. 3. Wetumka formation, 100 ft. below top of shale 

in roadcut on west slope of hill, SW. cor. sec. 29, T. 4 N., 

R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla.

Coryell and Sample, 1932, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 13, 

p. 259, pi. 25, fig. 4. Mineral Wells formation, shale 

pit 3 miles west of Mineral Wells, Palo Pinto County, 

Tex.

Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 99, pi. 15, 

figs. 12-14. Shale above and below St. David limestone, 

SW% sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 3 E., Fulton County, 111. 

Amphissites mesocostata Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. 

Pub. 1, p. 48, pi. 3, figs. 15a-c. Wetumka formation, 

shale in center of south line of sec. 13, T. 4 N., R. 7 E., 

Pontotoc County, Okla.

[not] Amphissites ffirtyi var. deesensis Bradfield, 1935=A. 

deesen.sis Bradfield, 1935.

A specimen from the Wolfcamp formation, Texas, 

(USGS loc. 7047-PC) is illustrated. This species is 

distinguished by an horizontal carina from median 

node to anterior, so that the inner rim and the carina 

form a "G" on its side.

Geologic range. Middle Pennsylvanian-Permian.

Amphissites insignis Croneis and Thurman, 1939

Plate 8, figures 9, 10, 12-15

Amphissites insignis Croneis and Thurman, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 314, pi. 8, figs. 13-15. Kinkaid formation, yellow shale with white calcareous 

nodules, in road one-half a mile south of Veach School, 

Johnson County, 111.

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 17 [list], 

pi. 9, figs. 32-34. Kinkaid formation, NB%SW%NB^4 

sec. 20, T. 12 S., R. 3 E., Johnson County, 111. This is the 

same locality as above.

Present also in residue of limestone digested in acid, 

and in shale of the Helms formation, Texas (USGS 

loc. 10890-PC). Several specimens in the Helms formation exhibit a trace of what might represent a horizontal cost a subparallel to the dorsal shield and located 

above the median node (pi. 8, fig. 14). This feature 

may indicate a new species but, because of inadequately 

preserved material, the specimens are tentatively 

referred to this species.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites knighti Sohn, 1954

Amphissites knighti Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

264-A, p. 14, pi. 3, figs. 13, 14. Leonard or Word formation, Glass Mountains, Tex.

Has larger and more subdued median node than A. 

girtyi Knight, horizontal carina from below median 

node to anterior carina.

Geologic range. Permian.

Amphissites miseri Harlton, 1933 

Plate 8, figures 27, 28

Amphissites miseri Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 24, 

pi. 6, fig. 7. Johns Valley shale, center of south line 

of NEViSEi4 sec. 10, T. 1 S., R. 16 E. Pushmataha 

County, Okla.

^Amphissites robustus var. flabelluli McLaughlin, 1953, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 27, p. 298. New name for Amphissites 

robustus var. radiatus McLaughlin, 1952 [not] A. radiatus (Jones and Kirkby), 1885.

1 Amphissites robustus var. radiatws McLaughlin, 1952, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 26, p. 618, pi. 28, fig. 10. Glen Eyrie formation, shallow cut on east side of Rampart Range road, 

500 ft north of the turnoff of the Black Canyon Loop 

road, sec. 28, T. 13 S., R. 67 W., El Paso County, Colo.

This species is gradational with species of Polytylites 

in configuration of the lobes and nodes. The presence 

of a dorsal shield in the holotype, a right valve (USNM 

(85553), restricts the species to Amphissites.

Geologic range. Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian.

Amphissites nodosulcatus Geis, 1932 

Plate 8, figures 29, 30

Amphissites nodosulcatus Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, 

p. 167, pi. 24, figs. 6a-c. Salem limestone, railroad cut 

at Spergen Hill, Norris, Ind.

Brayer, 1952, idem, v. 26, p. 172, pi. 28, figs, la, b. Salem 

limestone, roadcut west side of Missouri Highway 21, 

about one-fourth of a mile north of Meramec River bridge, 

St. Louis County, Mo.

Differs from A. centronotus in that the median node 

has a dorsal sulcus. A specimen of this species (USNM 

90963) has a median node that covers approximately 

the central third of the valve length.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 121

Amphissites planoventralis Geis, 1932 

Plate 8, figures 45-47

Amphissites planoventralis Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, 

p. 165, pi. 24, figs. 2a, b. Salem limestone, railroad cut 

at Spergen Hill, Norris, Washington County, Ind.

Geis states that the anterior end is thicker than the 

posterior; this does not appear to be the case when 

the holotype is examined in dorsal outline (pi. 8, fig. 

46). The orientation, as indicated by the outline of 

the dorsal shield, is with the anterior to the right.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites pulcher Polenova, 1952

Amphissites (Amphissites) pitlcher Polenova, 1952, Vsesoyuz. 

Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geol.-Bazv. Inst, Trudy, new ser., 

no. 56, p. 115, pi. 9, figs. 2a, b, 3; pi. 10, fig. 1. Central 

Devonian field, Russia.

This species is differentiated by the fact that the inner 

and outer rims do not join at the cardinal angles.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Amphissites remesi Pokorny, 1950 

Plate 11, figures 35, 36

Amphissites remesi Pokorny, 1950, Czechoslovakia Stat. geol. 

ust, Sbornik, v. 17, Paleont., p. 542, 604, pi. 5, fig. 10. 

Middle Devonian limestone, Celechovice, Czechoslovakia. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Amphissites reticulatus Geis, 1932 

Plate 8, figures 16-19

Amphissites reticulatus Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, p. 

168, pi. 24, figs. 5a, b. Salem limestone, Indiana.

This species has the same configuration of costae as 

the Pennsylvania!! species A. alticostatus Bradfield, 

1935. It differs in size of the median node, 'and in that 

the inner ridge is lower on the valve surface.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935 

Plate 8, figures 23-26

Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 

478, pi. 54, fig. 20. Amsden formation, red shale, float 

at Amsden Hill, Fremont County, Wyo.

The dorsal shield places this species in Amphissites; 

the very smallness of the nodes distinguishes this species. Three specimens labeled "Syntypes" are on deposit at the University of Missouri (OS 1027-3); the 

one illustrated is here designated as the lectotype. In 

the original description, Morey recorded the following 

measurements: Length 1.0 mm; height 0.4 mm; thickness 0.4 mm. Remeasurements of the specimens, in millimeters, are as follows:

Length Height Width

Lectotype (pi. 8, figs. 23, 24)_________ 1.04 0.59 0.32 

Paratype ___________._______ 1.00 .51 .32

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites rugosus Girty, 1910 

Plate 7, figures 35-38, 41, 43

Amphissites rugosus Girty, 1910, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 

20, no. 3, pt. 2, p. 236 [no illus.]. Fayetteville shale, in 

a persistent calcareous bed at the very base of the formation, near Fayetteville, Washington County, Ark.

Bouncly, 1926, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 146, p. 7, pi. 

1, figs. la-c. First illustration of the holotype.

Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 22, pi. 6, figs. 5a-d. 

Shale in and under Wapanucka limestone, center south 

line sec. 8, T. 3 N., B. 15 E., 2 miles southeast of Blanco 

Choctaw fault, Pushmataha County, Okla.

Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 54, 

pi. 3, fig. 12. Dornick Hills formation, shale breaks in 

Otterville limestone, main gully, 200 yd south of north 

line and one-fourth of a mile west from east line, sec. 12, 

T. 3 S., R. 2 E., 2 miles northwest of Berwyn, Carter 

County, Okla.

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 49, pi. 

9, figs. 1-3. Kinkaid formation, one-half a mile south of 

Veatch School, NEiiSW^NE^ sec. 20, T. 12 S., R. 3 E., 

Johnson County, 111.

lAmphissites chappelensis Roundy, 1926, U.S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 146, p. 7, pi. 1, fig. 2. Barnett shale, from 

25 to 30 ft. above base, 4 miles southwest of Chappel, on 

road to Cherokee, San Saba County, Tex.

Amphissites congruens Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 

70, p. 99, pi. 15, fig. 43. Shales below LaSalle limestone, 

NW*4 sec. 33. T. 16 N., R. 11 E., Bureau County, 111.

McLaughlin, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, v. 26, p. 617, pi. 28, 

figs. 11, 12, 16, [not figs. 13, ~L±=;8hleesha geneae (Roth), 

1929]. Glen Eyrie formation, shallow cut on the east 

side of the Rampart Range road, 500 ft. north of the 

turnoff of the Black Canyon Loop road, sec. 28, T. 13 S., 

R. 67 W., El Paso County, Colo.

?Amphissites cf. A. congruens Cooper. Marple, 1952, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 26, p. 934, pi. 134, fig. 16. Lowellville 

member, Vandusen cyclothem. Poverty Run, Hopewell 

Township, Muskingum County, Ohio.

Amphissites golconclensis. Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 269, pi. 5, fig. 7. Golconda 

limestone and shale, roadcut near Douglas School, Hardin 

County, 111.

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 17 

[list], pi. 9, fig. 18. Paint Creek formation, along Mississippi River bluffs, SW% sec. 4, T. 6 S., R. 8 W., Randolph County, 111. Based on a crushed and filled left 

valve, approximately 0.5 mm in greatest length. 

Amphissites latinodus Croneis and Bristol. Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 18 [list], pi. 9, figs. 5, 

6. Menard formation, H. Forrester No. 1 well, Wi/^SW1^ 

NW% sec. 5, T. 6 S., R. 1 W., Perry County, 111. 

Amphissites marginiferus Roth. Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. 

Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 55, pi. 3, fig. 14. Dornick 

Hills formation, shale abont half way up between top of 

Springer formation and Otterville limestone, 0.9 mile 

north of south line sec. 11, T. 4 S., R. 1 E. in road one-
122 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

fourth of a mile west of east section line, Carter County,

Okla. 

Amphissites quadratus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Kept.

Inv. 77, p. 49, pi. 9, fig. 4, Kinkaid formation, NE^SW^

NE% sec. 20, T. 12 S., R. 3 E., one-half a mile south of

Veatch School, Johnson County, 111. Based on a young

growth stage. 

^Amphissites umbonatus (Eichwald). Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz.

Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst, Trudy, new ser.,

no. 56, p. 60, pi. 12, figs. 11 a, b. Lower Carboniferous,

Russia. 

Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geologorazv.

Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 229, pi. 5, fig. 7. Visean,

Russia. 

fAmphissites weaveri Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Pub.

1, p. 39, pi. 2, figs. 11 a-c. Fayetteville formation, sec.

25, T. 20 N., R. 19 E., Mayes County, Okla. 

[not] Amphissites rugosus Girty. Marple, 1952=Amphissites

centronotus.

The holotype of A. chappelensis is a right valve of a 

young growth stage imbedded in matrix that is here illustrated on pi. 7, fig. 35 (USNM 119285). Harlton's 

specimens of A. rugosus from the Wapanucka limestone 

(USNM 85549) consist of a growth series of 8 carapaces 

that range in greatest length from 0.7 to 1.2 mm. The 

median node becomes larger in proportion to the valve 

length as the specimens increase in size. Consequently 

this, as well as several of the species listed above, are 

placed in synonymy with A. rugosus.

Geologic range. Carboniferous; Upper Mississippian-Pennsylvanian.

Amphissites subinsignis Sohn, n. sp. 

Plate 8, figures 6-8

Differs from A. insignis by absence of horizontal 

ridge above median node and presence of a vertical 

ridge on the median node.

Discussion. This species is based on the holotype, a 

carapace, (USNM 119832) and a broken valve that retains the diagnostic vertical ridge on the median node 

(USNM 119833). It appears to be restricted to the 

shale facies of the Helms formation, because the limestone facies contains abundant specimens of A. msignis, which do not have the vertical ridge on the median 

node. Measurements of the holotype are as follows: 

Greatest, length 0.76 mm, height 0.43 mm.

Occurrence. Helms formation, shale underlying 

limestone 5 feet below bed 9 of section "C," U.S. Geological Survey Preliminary Oil and Gas Map 36, 

USGS loc. 10890-PC, El Paso quadrangle, Texas.

Amphissites truncatus Sohn, n. sp.

Plate 8, figures 40-43

Differs from A. centronotus in that the median node 

is truncated in the anterodorsal quarter.

Discussion. This species is based on 2 right valves, 

2 partly broken right valves, a broken left valve, a left

valve of a young individual, and several fragments. 

Measurements, in millimeters, are as follows :

Greatest length Height

Holotype {USNM 119840) ____ _. ______ 1.2 0.69

Paratype (USNM 119841) ____ .. ______ 1.2 .62

Paratype (USNM 119842a) __________ Broken .9

Paratype (USNM 119839) ___________ .47 .3

Occurrence. Upper Kinderhook or basal Osage 

shale, 12 to 14 feet below the Burlington limestone, 

SEi/4NWy4 sec. 3, T. 34 N., R. 13 E., Perry County, 

Mo. Collected by A. S. Warthin, August 1942. USGS 

loc. 12847-PC.

Amphissites? tumidus (Cooper), 1941

Ectodemites tumidus Cooper, 1941. Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 51, pi. 10, figs. 1-3. Kinkaid formation, NE1^ 

SW^iNEi/i sec. 20, T. 12 S., R. 3 E., Johnson County, 111. 

Cooper, 1947, Jour. Paleontology, v. 21, p. 90, pi. 21, figs. 

14-16. Upper Kinkaid formation, north tributary of Lick 

Creek, sec. 31, T. 11 S., R. 2. E., Johnson County, 111. 

tPolytylites crassus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, figs. 15-17. Kinkaid formation, NE^ 

sec. 20, T. 12 S., R. 3 E., Johnson County, 111.

The holotype of Ectodemites tumidus is a younger 

growth stage than the specimen illustrated by Cooper 

in 1947. The 1947 specimen has the diagnostic dorsal 

shield of Amphissites. Polytylites crassus is a very 

young growth stage that probably belongs to this 

species.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites urei (Jones), 1859 

Plate 8, figures 1-5

KirJtbya urei Jones, 1859, in Kirkby, 1859, Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club Trans., v. 4, p. 136 [no illus.]. Lower

Carboniferous shale near Glasgow. 

Jones, 1870, Monthly Micros. Jour., v. 4, p. 185 [expl. to

pi.], pi. 61, figs. 15 a, b. First illustration. 

Vogdes, 1889, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 5, p. 38 [expl.

to pi.], pi. 2, figs. 15 a, b. [Reproduction of Jones, 1870,

pi. 61.] 

Jones and Kirkby, 1885, Annals Mag. Nat. History, ser.

5, v. 15, p. 189, pi. 3, figs. 19 a, b. Carboniferous, England. 

Batalina, 1924, Leningrad Comite Geol. Bull. 43, no. 10,

p. 1329, 1336, pi. 22, figs. 17-19, pi. 23, figs. 15-17. Lower

Carboniferous, Department of Novgorod, Russia. 

Amphissites urei (Jones and Kirkby). Latham, 1932, Royal

Soc. Edinburgh Trans. 57, pt. 2, no. 12, p. 369, text fig.

16. Calciferous sandstone, Lower Limestone series, Scotland. 

Amphissites urei (Jones). Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 61,

pi. 12, figs. 1, 2. Lower Carboniferous, Russia.

Differs from A. bushi by absence of median node, 

which is replaced by V-shaped ridge. Specimens with 

single median costa (pi. 8, figs. 1, 3) are here assigned 

to this species because they are concomitant with specimens that have V-shaped costae (pi. 8, figs. 4, 5).
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 123

These specimens differ from A. ~bernliageni in straight 

ventral margins.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Amphissites vanniae Geis, 1932 

Plate 8, figures 51, 52

Amphissites vanniae Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, p. 163, 

pi. 24, figs. 1 a-c. Salern limestone, railroad cut at Spergen Hill, Norris, Washington County, Ind.

Amphissites vanniae var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 26, p. 173, pi. 28, figs. 3a, b. Salem limestone, roadcut west side Missouri Highway 21, about onefourth of a mile north of Meramec River bridge, St. Louis 

County, Mo.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Amphissites n. sp. 

Plate 8, figure 11

Differs from A. insignis Croneis and Thurman, 1939, 

in that the horizontal carina does not cross the subcentral node.

The illustrated specimen is from the Union Valley 

sandstone, Pontotoc County, Okla. (USGS loc, 11096). 

Dr. M. K. Elias showed me drawings of additional 

specimens of this species, which he plans to describe in 

a forthcoming paper on Lower Pennsylvania!! fossils 

from Oklahoma.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

SPECIES TO BE INVESTIGATED

The following species previously referred to Amphissites cannot be assigned to their proper genus either because of inadequate material, description or illustrations.

Amphissites albertensi Loranger, 1954, Western Canada sedimentary basin: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 196, 

pi. 1, figs. 13, 14. Upper Devonian. Ireton formation, 

Imperial Duvernay No. 2 well, 2,450-2,460 ft, Alberta, 

Canada.

Amphissites beaumontensi Loranger, 1954, Western Canada 

sedimentary basin: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 

196, pi. 2, figs. 31, 32. Upper Devonian. Ireton formation, 

Bear Beaumont No. 1 well, 1,373-1,383 ft., Alberta, 

Canada.

Amphissites carmanil Stewart and Hendrix. Gibson, 1955, 

Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 35, no. 154, p. 10, pi. 1, figs. 

10 a, b. Upper Devonian. Cerro Gordo formation, upper 

20 ft., at a clay pit operated by the Rockford Brick and 

Tile Co., Rockford, Iowa. Based on a young individual 

that cannot be identified (USNM 123082).

Amphissites cla-vatits Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz, Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 67, pi. 

14, figs. 4 a-c. Lower Carboniferous, Russia. The lateral 

view (fig. 4a) indicates a dorsal shield which is not 

shown in dorsal outline (fig. 4b).

Amphissites decoratus Kumrnerow, 1953, Staat. Geol. Komni. 

Deutsch. Dernokrat. Republik, Geologic, Jahrg. 2, Beih. 

7, Berlin, p. 46, pi. 2, figs. 9 a, b. Middle Devonian, 

Poland.

Amphissites cfeltoideus Kummerow, 1953, Staat. Geol. Komni. 

Deutsch. Dernokrat. Republik, Geologic, Jahrg. 2, Beih. 7, 

Berlin, p. 47, pi. 5, figs. 2 a, b. Middle Devonian, 

Germany.

Amphissites formosus Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geologorazv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 230, 

pi. 5, fig. 11. Visean, Russia

Amphissites helenae Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz, Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 67, pi. 

14, figs. 1-3. Lower Carboniferous, Russia. 

Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz, Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geologorazv. 

Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 232, pi. 6, figs. 4-6, ?7. 

Visean, Russia.

Amphissites irinae Glebovskaya and Zaspelova. Egorov, 1953, 

Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Moscov. 

Filial, Moscow-Leningrad, p. 53, pi. 1, figs, la-c, 2, 3a, 

b, 4, 5, 6a, b, 7, 8. Frasnian, Russia. Because Egorov 

does not illustrate the holotype, it is not possible to determine the affinities of the species. Representatives of 

more than one species are illustrated.

Amphissites klarae Egorov, 1953, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. 

Geol.-Razv. Inst., Moscov. Filial. Moscow-Lengingrad, p. 

54, pi. 2, figs. 1-6. Frasnian, Russia. A growth series is 

illustrated, the specimens included resemble Kegelites 

(figs. 3, 5), and Polytylites (fig. 6).

Amphissites nodosus Roth. Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 7, p. 23, pi. 6, fig. 4. Johns Valley shale, Oklahoma. 

Specimen not in U.S. Natl. Mus. collections. (See Harlton 

1933, p. 23.)

Kirkbya oblonga Jones and Kirkby, 1885, Annals Mag. Nat. History, ser. 5, v. 15, p. 181, pi. 3, figs. 3-6b. Carboniferous, 

England.

Kirkbya- oblonga Jones and Kirkby. Yanichevsky, 1927, Leningrad Comite Geol. Bull. 46, p. 1023, pi. 51, figs. 15, 19. 

Carboniferous, Russia.

Kirkbya oblonga var. transversa Girty, 1910, New York Acad. 

Sci. Annals, v. 20, no. 3, pt. 2, p. 234 [no illus.] Fayetteville shale, near Fayetteville, Washington County, Ark.

Amphissites ornatus Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. 

Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 63, pi. 12, 

figs. 4, 6. Lower Carboniferous, Russia. Based on two 

broken valves that do not appear to have lateral nodes. 

The vertical carina superposed on the central node resembles A. alticostatus Bradfield, 1935, from the Pennsylvanian of Oklahoma.

Amphissites ramicosus Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geologorazv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 233, 

pi. 5, fig. 5. Visean, Russia. The illustration is of a 

broken valve with either adventitious material or a Vshaped horizontal ridge on top of the central node.

Amphissitesl scitulus (Jones). Warthin, 1937, Wagner Free 

Inst. Sci., card 101.

Primitia scitula Jones, 1891, Contributions to Canadian Micropaleontology, pt. 3: Canada Geol. Nat. History Survey, 

1891, p. 91, pi. 11, figs. 14a, b. Middle (?) Devonian, Hay 

River, about 40 miles above its mouth, Canada. According to Warthin, the type appears to be lost.

Amphissites sinensis Hou, 1954, Acta Paleont. Sinica, v. 2, no. 2, 

p. 232, 251, pi. 1, fig. 4. Shale, lower part of Chihsia limestone, at Maanshan of Changyang district, Hupei province, Manchuria. Lower Permian. The illustration suggests a cast of Polytylites.
124 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

Amphissites! spinosus Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 62, 

pi. 12, fig. 3. Lower Carboniferous, Russia. Based on a 

right valve with part of the posterior missing.

Amphissites subcentronotus Hou, 1954, Acta Paleont. Sinica, v. 

2, no. 2, p. 232, 252, pi. 1, fig. 5. Shale, lower part of 

Chihsia limestone, at the Maanshan of Changyang district, Hupei province, Manchuria. Lower Permian. The 

type probably belongs to Kirkbya.

Beyrichia umbonata Eichwald, 1860, Lethaea Rossica, v. 1, p.

1347, atlas, pi. 52, fig. 10. Carboniferous, Russia. 

Vine, 1884, Yorkshire Geol. and Polytech, Soc., Proc., new 

ser., v. 8, p. 237, pi. 12, fig. 13. Carboniferous, England.

Amphissites! sp. Stewart, 1950, Jour. Paleontology, v. 24, p. 

662, pi. 86, fig. 12. Delaware formation, third bone bed, 

roadside exposure, 1 mile north of Fishinger Bridge, 

junction of McCoy Road and Scioto River Road, east side 

of Scioto River, Franklin County, Ohio.

Amphissites sp. Tscherdyntsev, 1937, Kazan Univ. Sci. Mem., 

v. 97, fasc. 3-4, Geol. nos. 8-9, p. 305 [list], figs. 2, 3. 

Permian, Kazan, Russia.

SYNONYMS, SPECIES TO BE INVESTIGATED, AND 

REJECTED SPECIES OF AMPHISSITES

adjunctio Cooper, 1946=Eegelites adjunctio (Cooper), 1946. 

allerismoides Knight, 1928=Enightina atterismoides (Knight),

1928.

albertensi Loranger, 1954. Species to be investigated. 

? altireticulatus Swartz and Swain, 1941=Retice$tus! altireticulatus (Swartz and Swain), 1941.

? altireticulella Swartz and Swain, 1941=Reticestus! altireticulatus (Swartz and Swain), 1941. 

altonodosus var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952=Polytylites brayeri Sohn, n. name. 

amylosus Zanina, 195Q="Ectodemites"! amylosus (Zanina),

1956.

armatus Brayer, 1952=A. altanodosus Geis, 1932. 

batalinae Posner, 1951 "Eetodemites" batalinae (Posner), 1951. 

beaumontensi Loranger, 1954. Species to be investigated. 

belUpunctus Van Pelt, 1933=Kirkbyella bellipuncta (Van Pelt),

1933. 

bicarinatus Croneis and Thurman, 1939="Ectodemites" bicarinatus (Croneis and Thurman), 1939. 

bicarinatus Croneis and Thurman. Cooper, 1941="Ectodemites"

primus Cooper, 1941. 

biforatus Croneis and Thurman, 1939="Polytyli<tes biforatus

(Croneis and Thurman), 1939. 

bradflcldi Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939=Polytylites quincollinns (Harlton), 1929.

carinatus Cooper, 1946=A. carinodus Cooper, 1957. 

carmani Stewart and Hendrix, 1945=A. bernhageni Stewart

and Hendrix, 1945. 

carmani Stewart and Hendrix. Gibson, 1955. Species to be

investigated (young individual). 

centronotus! (Ulrich and Bassler). Croneis and Gale, 1939=

A. carinatus Cooper, 1941. 

centronotus var. elongatus Payne, 1937=4. centronotus (Ulrich

and Bassler), 1906. 

centronota var. transversa Roth, 1929=A. centronotus (Ulrich

and Bassler), 1906. 

centronotoides Geis, 1932=A. centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906. 

chappelensis Roundy, 1926=A. rugosus Girty, 1910.

ciscoensis Harlton, 1928=8hleesha pinguis! (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

clavatus Posner, 1951. Species to be investigated.

conatus Coryell and Malkin, 1936=Dora datum! conatus (Coryelland Malkin), 1936.

concavus Croneis and Bristol, 1939=Polytylites quincallinus 

(Harlton), 1929.

concentricus (Ulrich and Bassler), 1913=Reticestus! concentricus (Ulrich and Bassler), 1913.

confluens Bradfield, 1935=Knightina! confluens (Bradfield), 

1935.

congruens Cooper, 1946=A. rugosus Girty, 1910.

cf. A. congruens Cooper, Marple, 1952=A. rugosus Girty, 1910.

congruens Cooper. McLaughlin, 1956 [part] =Shleesha pinguis 

(Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

corrensi Kummerow, 1953=Macronotella! corrensi (Kummerow), 1953.

costellifera Croneis and Bristol, 1939=Reviya oostellifera 

(Croneis and Bistol), 1939.

dattonensis Harlton, 1927=Kegelites dattonensis (Harlton), 

1927.

dattonensis Harlton. Warthin, 1930=Kegelites roundyi 

(Knight), 1928.

decipiens Croneis and Bristol, 1939=Reviya costellifera (Croneis and Bristol), 1939.

decoratus Kummerow, 1953. Species to be investigated.

deltoideus Kummerow, 1953=internal mold of unidentifiable 

species.

diadematus Van Pelt, 1933=Arcyzona diademata (Van Pelt), 

1933.

duvernai Loranger, 1954. Species to be investigated.

edsonae Bradfield, 1935=Enightina edsonae (Bradfield), 1935.

elongatus Croneis and Bristol, 1939=Polytylites! quincollinus 

(Harlton), 1929.

exiguus Cooper, 1941=A. carinatus Cooper, 1941.

formosus Zanina. Polenova, 1952=nomen nudum.

formosus Zanina, 1956. Species to be investigated.

fossilis Croneis and Thurman, 1939=Polytylites liforatus (Croneis and Thurman), 1939.

geni Roth, 1929=Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

geneae Roth, 1929=81ileesha pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler), 

1906.

genetivus Morey, 1935=Amphissella genetiva (Morey) 1935.

gibbosus Zanina, 1956=Reviya gibbosa (Zanina), 1956.

girtyi var. deesensis Bradfield, 1935=A. deesensis Bradfield, 

1935.

golcondensis Croneis and Gale, 1939=A. rugosus Girty, 1910.

gregeri Delo, 1931=SMeesha pinguis! (Ulrich and Bassler), 

1906.

grovei Croneis and Gutke, 1939 Polytylites biforatus (Croneis 

and Thurman) 1939.

helenae Posner. Zanina, 1956. Species to be investigated.

? hextensis Harlton, 1929=Enightina hextensis (Harlton), 

1929.

inornatus Kummerow, 1953=Savagellitest inornattts (Kummerow), 1953.

irinae Glebovskaya and Zaspelova. Polenova, 1952=nomen 

nudum.

irinae Glebovskaya and Zaspelova. Egorov, 1953. Species to 

be investigated.

irregularis Coryell and Sample, 1932=Kegelites dattonensis 

(Harlton), 1927.

kellettae Kummerow, 1939 Polytylites"} kellettae (Kummerow), 1939.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 125

klarae Egorov, 1953. Species to be investigated.

koehleri Delo, 1931=Shleesha pinquis (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906. 

lacrimosus Swartz and Oriel, 1948=Hibbardia lacrimosa

(Swartz and Oriel), 1948 (type). 

latinodus Croneis and Bristol, 1939 Kegelites monomastadisl

(Coryell and Sohn), 1938. 

latinodus Croneis and Bristol. Cooper, 1941=A. rugosus Girty,

1910. 

Uneatus Croneis and Bristol, 1939=Polytylites quincollinus

(Harlton), 1929.

lunatus Bassler, 1941=Arcy£ona? lunata (Bassler), 1941. 

lutkevichi Spizharsky, 1939 [part] (fig. Q) Placidea lutkevichi

(Spizharsky), 1939.

lutkevichi Spizharsky, 1939, fig. lQ=Roundyella'? sp. 

marginifera Roth, 1929=A. costatus Roth, 1929. 

tnarginiferus Roth. Harlton, 1933=A. centronotus (Ulrich and

Bassler), 1906.

marginiferus Roth. Bradfield, 1935=A. rugosus Girty, 1910. 

? menardensis Harlton, 1929=Knightina menardensis (Harlton), 1929.

mesocostata Roth, 1929=A. girtyi Knight, 1928. 

mikhailovi Posner, IQSl^'Ectodemites'"! mikhailovi (Posner),

1951. 

mikhailovi Posner. Zanina, 1956="-Ec£otfemi£es"? batalinae

(Posner); 1951.

mimicus Geis, W32=Reviya mimicus (Geis), 1932. 

minuta Roth, 1929=Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906. 

minutus Roth. Upson, 1933=Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and

Bassler), 1906. 

monom,astadis Coryell and Sohn, 1938=Kegelitest! monomastadis (Coryell and Sohn), 1938.

mosquensis Posner, 1951=A. centronotust (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

nodosum Roth, 1929=PolytyUtesl nodosus (Roth), 1929. 

nodosus Roth. Harlton, 1933. Species to be investigated. 

nodosus Scott and Borger, 1941 (junior homonym) =A. centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906. 

? obesus Croneis and Gale, 1939=JRetn|/a obesa (Croneis and

Gale), 1939.

obldnga (Jones and Kirkby), 1867. Species to be investigated. 

oblongus transversus (Girty). Bassler and Kellett, 1934=nomen

dubium.

ohioensis Stewart, 1950=Reticestus ? ohioensis (Stewart), 1950. 

ornatus Posner, 1951. Species to be investigated. 

parallelus (Ulrich), 1891=Arcysona parallela (Ulrich), 1891. 

parvus Cooper, 1946=A. centronotus^, (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906.

peculiaris Morey, 1935=Amphissella genetivus"! (Morey), 1935. 

permiana (Jones). Roth, 1929=Knightina sp. unnamed. 

pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler), 1909 Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich

and Bassler), 1906.

planoventralis Geis, 1932=A. vcmniae Geis, 1932. 

planus Wilson, 1935=Reticestus planus (Wilson), 1935. 

primaevus Roth, 1929=Reticestus ? primaeus (Roth), 1929. 

quadratus Cooper, 1941=A. rugosus Girty, 1910. 

radiata (Jones and Kirkby), 1885=PolytyUtes'? radiatus

(Jones and Kirkby), 1885.

ramioosus Zanina, 1956. Species to be investigated. 

V reticulosa (Jones and Kirkby), 188Q=Roundyella'> reticulosa

(Jones and Kirkby), 1886. 

retiferus Roth, ~L929=Reticestus'i retiferus (Roth), 1929.

ringwoodensis Harris and Jobe, 1956=Cardinlferella ringwoode-nsls (Harris and Jobe), 1956. 

robustus Cooper, 1946=A. centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler).

1906. 

rolustus var. flabelluli McLaughlin, 1953=A. miseril Harlton,

1933. 

robustus var. radiatus McLaughlin, 1952=A. miseri! Harlton,

1933. 

rothi Bradfield, lQ35 8hleesha pinguisl (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906. 

rothi Bradfield. Cooper, lQ46=Kegelites roundyi"! (Knight),

1928.

rotM Bradfield, Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939=Polytylites quincolUnus (Harlton), 1929.

rotundus Geis, 1932=Reviya ? rotunda (Geis), 1932. 

rotundus var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952=nomen dubium. 

roundyi Knight, 1928=Kegelites'? roundyi (Knight), 1928. 

roundyi Knight. Warthin, lQ30=Amphissitesl sp. indet. 

roundyi Knight. .Johnson, I936=Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and

Bassler), 1906. 

rowei Coley, 1954=Amp7ifeona asceta Kesling and Copeland,

1954.

? scitulus (Jones). Warthin, 1937=gen. indet. 

semimuralis (Ulrich), l8Ql=Arcyzona f( semimuralis (Ulrich),

1891. 

shafferi Stewart and Hendrix, 1945=A. bernhageni Stewart and

Hendrix, 1945. 

similarts Morey, 1936=A. centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906. 

similis Croneis and Gale, 193S=Polytylites similis (Croneis and

Gale), 1939.

simplex (Girty), 19W=Roundyella simplex (Girty), 1910. 

simplexus Roth, l929=Shleesha simplex (Roth), 1929. 

simplicissimus Knight, 1928=Roundyella simplicissiina,

(Knight), 1928 (type species). 

simplicissimus Knight. Coryell and Malkin, l$36=Amphissella,

papillosal Stover, 1956.

sinensis Hou, 1954. Species to be investigated. 

? spinosus Posner, 1951. Species to be investigated. 

subcentronotus Hou, 1954. Species to be investigated. 

sublcneatus 'Croneis and Thumian. Sohn, 1940. Spelling error

for A. sublineatus. 

suWineatus Croneis and Thurman, l$39=Polytylites trilobus

(Croneis and Gale), 1939. 

subquadratus (Ulrich), 1891=Arcyzona subquadrata (Ulrich),

1891. 

subquadratus (Ulrich). Warthin, 1934=Arc|/zo«a aperticarinata

Kesling and Weiss, 1953. 

sullivan-ensis Payne, 1937=Shleesha sullivanensis (Payne),

1937. 

superus Croneis and Gale, 1939=Polytylites superus (Croneis

and Gale), 1939.

tennis Warthin, L934=Amphissella'i tennis (Warthin), 1934. 

? texanus (Harlton), l$28=Knightina texana (Harlton), 1928. 

transversus Roth. Cooper, 1946=A. centronotus (Ulrich and

Bassler), 1906. 

tricottina, (Jones and Kirkby), 1886=Polytylites tricollinus

(Jones and Kirkby), 1886.

tricollina (Jones and Kirkby). Zanina, 1956=Polytylites sp. A. 

trilobus Croneis and Gale, 1939=Polytylites trilobus (Croneis

and Gale), 1939.

ulrichi Bassler, 1Mi=Arcyzona ulrichi (Bassler), 1941. 

umbonatus (Bichwald), 1860. Species to be investigated. 

umbonatus (Eichwald). Zanina, 1956=A. rugosusl Girty, 1910.
126 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

vanniae var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952=A. rugosus Girty, 1910. 

verrucosus Zanina, 1956=4. centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler),

1906. 

wapanuckaensis Harlton, 1929=Kegelites wapanucJcaensis

(Harlton), 1929.

warei Morey, 19S5="Ectodemites" ward (Morey), 1935. 

weaveri Roth, 1929=A. rugosus Girty, 1910. 

wewokanus Warthin, 1930=.K>i*0Mina? wewoJeana (Warthin),

1930. 

loilsoni Croneis and Gutke, 19S9=Polytylites wilsoni (Croneis

andGutke), 1989.

sp. Harlton, 193S=Kegelites'! harltoni (Cooper), 1946. 

? sp. Stewart, 1950. Species to be investigated, 

sp. Tscherdyntzev, 1937. Species to be investigated.

Genus "ECTODEMITES" Cooper, 1941

Ectodemites Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77,

p. 49. 

Amphissites [part] of authors.

Type species. Original designation, E. primus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 51, pi. 

9, figs. 46, 47. Kinkaid formation (probably upper 

Clore limestone), Pope County, 111.

Diagnosis. Obese, with subdued posterior shoulder, 

subdued subcentral inflation, without terminal nodes 

or carinae and with two or more marginal ridges.

Discussion. As stated by Cooper (1941, p. 49) this 

genus differs from Knightina by the absence of a prominent posterior shoulder; consequently, the greatest 

width is in front of the posterior quarter of the valve. 

This genus differs from Kegelites by the absence of a 

well-defined subcentral node in mature specimens. 

Cooper (1945) illustrated a growth series of Ectodemites that range in length from 0.1687 to 0.7250 mm. 

The holotype of this species, E. plummeri, is recorded 

as 0.75 mm long. All the instars, with the exception 

of the largest, have well-developed posterior shoulders 

and distinct subcentral nodes. These are referred to 

Kegelites^ sp. C. The fact that Kegelites adjunctio 

(Cooper), 1946, illustrated here (seepi. 10, fig. 12), has 

a well-developed shoulder and a subcentral node in 

specimens much larger than Cooper's largest specimen 

of E. plurmmeri suggests that these characters are not 

reduced during growth.

The holotype has a very poorly preserved but distinct 

dorsal shield (pi. 10, fig. 16). Although this character 

is considered in this study as diagnostic of Amphissites 

s. s., the genus "Ectodemites" is provisionally retained 

for the few species that exhibit the generic features described by Cooper.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian Lower Pennsylvanian. Figure 20 shows the stratigraphic range of 

species in "Ectodemites"

Lithology. Shale and shaly limestone. 

Habitat. Marine.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES 

10

LOWER 

PERMIAN

PENNSYLVANIAN

MISSISSIPPIAN

DEVONIAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Lower

Upper

Middle

1 ° 5

t i

-h col kJ ^ I

& g! 2 ,

JjJ C ^ ,* 

z| V$$mms

M OLS. ^mmmi < ?

c

Q. 

§

i

EXPLANATION

D Number of specie 

stricted to syste 

part of system

Number of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Upper Mississippian

Number of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Carboniferous

umber of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGDKE 20. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality of species 

in ''Ectodemites."

"Ectodemites" amylosus (Zanina), 1956

Amphissites amylosus Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geologorazv. Inst, Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 

233, pi. 5, figs. 8, 12. Visean, Russia.

Geologic range. Carboniferous; Upper Mississippian.

"Ectodemites"? batalinae (Posner), 1951

Amphissites batalinae Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser. no. 56, p. 64, pi. 

12, fig. 8, Lower Carboniferous, Russia.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 127

AmpMssites mikhailom Posner. Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyuz. Neft. 

Nauch.-Issled. Geologorazv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 

98, p. 231, pi. 5, figs. 9a, b, 10 [erroneously given as pi. 

6]. Visoan, Russia.

[not] AmpMssites mikhailovi Posner, ISSl^'Ectodemites" 1? 

mikhailovi (Posner), 1951.

"iEctodemites warei (Morey). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 51, pi. 10, fig. 22. Clore formation, 

SW*4SEi,4 sec. 34, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., Union County, 111.

Geologic range. Carboniferous; Upper Mississippian.

"Ectodemites" bicarinatus (Croneis and Thurman), 1939

AmpMssites Ucarinatus Croneis and Thurman, 1939, Denison

Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 311, pi. 8, figs. 10-12.

Kinkaid formation, gray clay shale, along road, 1% miles

east of Bloomfleld, Johnson County, 111. 

[not] Ectodemites bicarinatus (Croneis and Thurman). Cooper,

1941=".E".? primus Cooper, 1941.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

"Ectodemites" janischewskyi Polenova, 1952

AmpMssites (Ectodemites) janischewskyi Polenova, 1952, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new 

ser. no. 60, p. 118, pi. 10, figs. 2, 3a, b. Upper Givetian, 

Central Devonian Field, northeastern part Kursk Region; 

Saratov Region, Russia.

The large size, 1.00 to 2.35 mm in length distinguishes 

this species.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

"Ectodemites"? mikhailovi (Posner), 1951

AmpMssites mikhailovi Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser. no. 56, p. 64, pi. 

12, figs. 7, 7a. Lower Carboniferous, Russia, 

[not] A. mikhailovi Posner. Zanina, 1956="? batalmae

(Posner), 1951.

Characterized by wavy lineation of the reticulations 

on both sides of subcentral pit. 

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

"Ectodemites" plummeri Cooper, 1945

Ectodemites plummeri Cooper, 1945 [part], Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 19, p. 368 [footnote], pi. 57, figs. 1-6, 21, 30 [not figs. 

7-20, 22-29, Sl-S&=Kegelites'> sp. C]. Marble Falls formation, San Saba County, Tex.

Cooper, 1946 [part], Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 103. 

pi. 15, figs. 37-39 [not figs. 4cO-42=Kegelites'i sp. C). 

Marble Falls formation, San Saba County, Tex. 

See discussion under the genus. The date of publication is ambiguous because in 1945 Cooper (p. 368 footnote, 374) referred to his 1946 paper as "1945 (in 

press)". Because the species was illustrated and discussed in 1945, it should not be considered a nomen 

nudum.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

"Ectodemites" primus Cooper, 1941 

Plate 8, figure 36; plate 10, figures 13-20

Ectodemites primus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept 

Inv. 77, p. 51, pi. 9, figs. 46, 47. Kinkaid formation (probably upper Clore), shale in railroad cut at Robbs, NE}4 

NW% sec. 30 and SE%SW^4 sec. 19, T. 12, S.t R. 5 E., 

Pope County, 111.

lEctodemites bicarinatus (Croneis and Thurman). Cooper, 

1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 49, pi. 9, figs. 

50, 51. Kinkaid formation, H. Forrester No. 1 well, 618 

ft., W%SW%NW% sec. 5, T. 6 S., R. 1 W., Perry County, 

111.

tKvrkbya oblonga var., fig. 4, Jones and Kirkby, 1885, Annals 

Mag. Nat. History, ser. 5, v. 15, p. 181, pi. 3, fig. 4. Carboniferous, near Seafield Tower, Scotland.

Specimens from the Pella beds, Iowa, (USGS loc. 

5793-PC) are very close to the holotype but have a 

distinct dorsal shield. Cooper's type is a crushed specimen with some matrix on the left valve. A third ridge 

is suggested on the ventroposterior part of the left 

valve, and a similar ridge is seen on the right valve of 

the Iowa specimen. Specimens from the Carboniferous 

of West Scotland in the Jones Collection that is probably the same taxon considered by Jones and Kirkby 

(1885, p. 182) as a variety of Kirkbya oblonga may 

represent this species. One of them is illustrated here 

on plate 8, figure 36.

Geologic range. Carboniferous; Upper Mississippian.

"Ectodemites"? warei (Morey), 1935 

Plate 10, figures 21-26

AmpMssites warei Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 477, 

pi. 54, fig. 7. Amsden formation, Middle red member at 

Amsden Hill, about 4 miles southeast of the Little Popo 

Agie River, Fremont County, Wyo.

[not] Ectodemites warei (Morey). Cooper, 1941="jE7c*odemites"1 batalinae (Posner), 1951.

The original of Morey's figure 7, is illustrated (pi. 10, 

figs. 23-26) and is designated as the lectotype. A 

crushed syntype, here designated as a paratype, is also 

illustrated (pi. 10, figs. 21, 22). This species is characterized by a shallow sulcus in the dorsoanterior third of 

the valve. Because the left valve has a very faint lateral 

carina near the posterior margin, the generic designation is queried.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

SYNONYMS AND REJECTED SPECIES OF 

"ECTODEMITES"

bicarinatus (Croneis and Thurman). Cooper, 1941=".E."? 

primus Cooper, 1941.

dattonensis (Harlton). Cooper, l&i6=Kegelites dattonensis 

(Harlton), 1927.

edsonne (Bradfield). Cooper, 1948=Knightina edsonael (Bradfield), 1935.

elongatus Cooper, 1941=lTe0eZi*es? monomastadis (Goryell 

and Sohn), 1938.

553639 O -62 -3
128 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

ffeneae (Roth). Cooper, 1946=Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and

Bassler), 1906.

harltoni Cooper, 1$4f>=KeffelUes harltoni (Cooper), 1946. 

oTiesus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 1941=Reviya obesa

(Croneis and Gale), 1939. 

parvus Cooper, 1941=Kegelites t monomastadis"! (Coryell and

Sohn),193S.

plummeri Cooper, 1945 [paTt]=Keffelites'! sp. C. 

sullivanensis (Payne). Cooper, l$46=Knightina fidlari Payne,

1937.

tumidus Cooper, 1941=Amphissites tumidus (Cooper), 1941. 

warei (Morey). Cooper, 1941="JE?."? batalinae (Posner), 1951.

Genus KEGELITES Coryell and Booth, 1933

Kegelites Coryell and Booth, 1933, Am. Midland Naturalist, v.

14, p. 4 of table of contents. 

Girtyites Coryell and Booth, 1933 [not Wedekind, 1914], Am.

Midland Naturalist, v. 14, p. 261. 

Kirkbyites Johnson, 1936, Nebraska Geol. Survey Paper 11, p.

35. Type species K. upsoni, p. 36, pi. 3, figs. 4-6. Missouri

series, Nebraska. 

Amphissites [in part, of authors]. 

Ectodemites Cooper, 1946 [part], Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70,

p. 101. 

Polytylites Cooper, 1946 [part], idem, p. 108.

Type species. Original designation, Girtyites spinosus Coryell and Booth, 1933, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 

14, p. 261, pi. 3, figs. 4-6. Wayland shale, Texas= 

Keg elites dattonensis (Harlton), 1927.

Diagnosis. Differs from Amphissites by having a 

well-developed posterior node or shoulder, distinct to 

subdued small median node, and no anterior node. 

Has two marginal rims, and with or without an incomplete marginal ridge.

Discussion. This genus was originally described as 

Girtyites. That name is a junior homonym of a genus 

in Mollusca proposed by Wedekind, 1914; consequently, Kegelites was substituted for the ostracode genus. 

Through the courtesy of Dr. Coryell, I have specimens 

from the original sample of Kegelites spinosus (Coryell and Booth), 1933, which I compared with the holotype of Amphissites dattonensis Harlton, 1927 (USNM 

71406), and a paratype (USNM 71403), and concluded 

that K. spinosus is based on a very young specimen of 

K. dattonensis (Harlton), 1927. Cooper (1946, p. 101) 

placed Amphissites dattonensis in Ectodemites and in 

the same paper (p. 108) assigned A. wapanuckensis 

Harlton, 1929, and other species of Kegelites to Polytylites. Kirkbyites upsoni Johnson, 1936, type species 

of Kirkbyites Johnson, 1936, is here assigned to Kegelites (paratypes USNM 99437).

Geologic range. U p p e r Mississippian-Permian. 

Figure 21 shows the stratigraphic range of species in 

Kegelites.

Lithology. Shale, limestone, sandstone.

Habitat. Marine.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

0 10 20

LOWER 

PERMIAN

PENNSYLVANIAN

MISSISSIPPIAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Lower

i 

i

2 1

£^^aS888888£8 10

2 1

K^)%$m%$$%*

5 1

^

^tttttts&m&s

i

m<ttf?<&\s

EXPLANATION

D Number of species repart of system

Number of species reof system, the types of 

which are from the 

Upper Pennsylvaman

Number of species reof system, the types of 

which are from the 

Middle Pennsylvaman

umber of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Lower Pennsylvaman

jmber of localities o 

stratigraphic levels frorr 

which the species ar( 

recorded

FIGURE 21. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of 

species in Kegelites.

Kegelites adjunctio (Cooper), 1946

Plate 10, figures 1-12

Amphissites adjunctio Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 

70, p. 97, pi. 15, figs. 29-31. Shale below and within the 

Livingston(?) limestone, NE1/! sec. 12, T. 7 S., R. 9 E., 

White County, 111.

Distinguished by the short carina ventroanterior to 

median node. This species is abundant in the Wolfcamp formation of Texas (USGS loc. 7047-PC) and 

in the Browiiwood shale, Texas (USGS loc. 12395-PC). 

Geologic range. Upper Pennsylvanian-Lower Permian.

Kegelites dattonensis (Harlton), 1927 

Plate 9, figures 1-7, 16-18, 26

Amphissites dattonensis Harlton, 1927, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

1, p. 206, pi. 32, figs. 9a-c. Upper Glenn formation, 

NW^NW^NWii sec. 18, T. 5 S., R. 2 E., Carter County, 

Okla.

Harlton, 1929, Texas Univ. Bull. 2901, p. 149, pi. 1, figs. 9a, 

b. Canyon Series, marly shale and limestone, San Saba 

River valley, near Hext, Menard County, Tex.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 129

Coryell and Billings, 1932. Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 13, 

p. 184, pi. 18, fig. 8. Wayland shale member of Graham 

formation, 5 miles east and 2,000 ft north of Cisco on 

highway to Eastland, Eastland County, Tex. 

Coryell and Sample, 1932, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 13, 

p. 260, pi. 25, fig. 2. Mineral Wells formation, East 

Mountain Shale member, escarpment near the eastern 

border of Mineral Wells, Palo Pinto County, Tex.

Coryell and Booth, 1933, idem, v. 14, p. 260, pi. 3, fig. 3. 

Wayland shale member of the Graham formation, 1 mile 

west of Graham, near the Graham-Throckmorton road, 

west of Salt Creek, Young County, Tex.

Kellett, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 93, pi. 14, figs. 

40-42. Howard formation, Wabaunsee group, brick plant 

cut in field, north of Gage Park, Topeka, Shawnee County, 

Kans.

Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 63, 

pi. 4, figs. 9a-c. Hoxbar formation, sandstone, 2 ft above 

outcrop of Daube limestone, east side of road, SW. cor. 

sec. 26, T. 5 S., R. 2 E., 6 miles south and 3 miles east 

of Ardmore, Carter County, Okla.

Johnson, 1936. Nebraska Geol. Survey Paper 11, p. 29, pi. 

3, figs. 16-19. Chanute shale formation and Lane shale 

formation, Kansas City group, National quarry, along 

the Burlington railroad, south of the Platte River, sec. 

12, T. 12 N., R. 11 E., about 2 miles northwest of Louisville, Cass County, Nebr.

Kellett, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, p. 772 [discussion]. 

Amphissites irregularis Coryell and Sample, 1932, Am. Midland 

Naturalist, v. 13, p. 261, pi. 25, fig. 5. East Mountain 

shale member of Mineral Wells formation, eastern border 

of Mineral Wells, Palo Pinto County, Tex.

Crirtyites spinosus Coryell and Booth, 1933, idem, v. 14, p. 261, 

pi. 3, figs. 4-6. Wayland shale member of Graham formation, 1 mile west of Graham, on Throckmorton road west 

of Salt Creek, Young County, Tex. 

Kegelites spinosus Coryell and Sample, 1933, idem, bottom of

P. 4 of table of contents, new name for Girtyites. 

Ectodemites dattonesis (Harlton). Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. 

Survey Bull. 70, p. 101, pi. 16, figs. 1, 2. Shale parting 

in Macoupin limestone, NW1^ sec. 2, T. 9 N., R. 7 W., 

Macoupin County, 111.

[not] Amphissites dattonesis Harlton. Wartin, 1930=Kegelitesl 

roundyi (Knight), 1928.

Johnson (1936, p. 29) and Kellett (1936, p. 773) 

demonstrated that the holotype of Kegelites spinosus 

is a very young instar of K. dattonesis. This specimen 

is here illustrated (pi. 9, figs. 16-18), as well as a growth 

series of duplicates made available by Dr. H. H. Bradfield. Several of the identifications of this species are 

here questioned because the illustrations do not show 

the diagnostic vertical ridge on the median node.

Geologic range. Pennsylvania!! and Permian. 

Kegelites harltoni (Cooper), 1946 

Plate 7, figures 50, 51

Ectodemites harltoni Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 

70, p. 102, pi. 15, fig. 44. Shales between Seville limestone beds, SW1/! sec. 32, T. 14 N., R. 2 W., Mercer 

County, 111.

lEetodcmites harltoni Cooper, 1946. Marple, 1952, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 26, p. 298 [list], pi. 134, fig. 19. Poverty 

Run member of the Vanclusen cyclothem, Hopewell 

Township, Muskingum County, Ohio.

Amphissites sp. Harlton, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 23, pi. 

5, fig. 6. Johns Valley shale, center of north line NE}4 

SEi/i sec. 10, T. 1 S., R. 16 E., Pushmataha County, Okla. 

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvania!!.

Kegelites? monomastadis (Coryell and Sohn), 1938 

Amphissites monomastadis Coryell and Sohn, 1938, Jour. Paleontology, v. 12, p. 602, pi. 69, figs. lOa, b. Dark calcareous 

shale, Reynolds member of Mauch Chunk shale, Greer 

quarry, 6% miles southeast of Morgantown, W. Va. 

Ectodemites cf. E. monomastadis (Coryell and Sohn). Cooper, 

1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 50, pi. 9, fig. 

35. Menard formation, SE^SW1^ sec. 2, T. 7 S., R. 7 E., 

Randolph County, 111.

lAmphissites latinodus Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 82, pi. 4, fig. 7. Menard 

Formation, 111. The holotype is a crushed specimen. 

1Ectodemites elongatus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 50, pi. 9, figs. 24, 25. Kinkaid formation, 

abandoned quarry, NE%SWy2 sec. 35, T. 8 S., R. 4 W., 

Jackson County, 111. The holotype is a steinkern. 

lEctodemites parvus Cooper, 1941, idem, p. 50, pi. 9, figs. 30, 31. 

Menard formation, SE^SW^d sec. 28, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., 

Union County, 111. Based on a steinkern. 

The holotypes of all these species are either steinkerns 

or abraded specimens. They all have an inner third 

ridge that reaches below the posterior node to the posterior margin.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Kegelites? roundyi (Knight), 1928

Plate 9, figures 13-15

Amphissites roundyi Knight, 1928, Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, p. 

262, pi. 32, figs. 8a, b, pi. 34, fig. 5. Fort Scott limestone 

( = "Brown, lime" in Labette shale) at three localities in 

and near St. Louis, Mo.

Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 100, pi. 15, 

figs. 7, 8. Shale above and below St. David limestone, 

SWi/4 sec. 21, T. 6 N., R. 3 E., Fulton County, 111.

dattonensis Harlton. Warthin, 1930, Oklahoma 

Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 64, pi. 4, fig. 15. Wetunika to 

Holdenville formations; Shale in creek valley, 10 ft. to 

20 ft. above base of Holdenville formation, 600 ft. west of 

road, corner NE^NW^ sec. 1, T. 3 N., R. 6 E.; Wewoka 

formation, 75 ft. above base, shale in hill 1,300 ft. north 

and 200 ft. east of SW. corner sec. 4, T. 3 N, R. 7 E.: 

Wewoka formation, 100 ft. below top, shale in roadcut on 

west slope of hill, SW. corner sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 7 E.; 

Wetunika formation, 25 ft. below top, crinoid layer, 1,100 

ft. south of center of the north line sec. 24, T. 4 N., R. 7 E., 

Oklahoma.

[not] Amphissites roundyi Knight. Warthin, 1930=Amphissites 1 sp. indet. 

[not] Amphissites roundyi Knight. Johnson, 193&=SMeesha

pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

Knight illustrated three specimens without designating a holotype. A slide in the USNM (USNM 116708) 

from Knight's locality 38 is labeled "paratypes," and
130 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

one of these specimens is here illustrated and designated as the lectotype. The subdued elongate central 

node characterizes this species. Johnson's specimens 

have circular central nodes that compare closely with 

Kellett's plesiotypes of SJileesha pinguis (pi. 11, figs. 

1-11). The inner rim is subdued but present in this 

species; consequently, the generic assignment is questioned.

Geologic range. Middle Pennsylvanian.

Kegelites upsoni (Johnson), 1936 

Plate 10, figures 28-30

Kirklyites upsoni Johnson, 1936. Nebraska Geol. Survey Paper 

11, p. 36, pi. 3, figs. 4-6. Eudora shale member of the 

Stanton formation, Lansing group of the Missouri series, 

Dyson Hollow, 1% miles west of LaPlatte, sec. 28, T. 13 

N., R. 13 E., Douglas County, Nebr.

Geologic range. Upper Pennsylvanian.

Kegelites wapanuckaensis (Harlton), 1929 

Plate 7, figures 48, 49

Amphissites wapanuckaensis Harlton, 1929, Am. Jour. Sci., ser. 

5, v. 18, no. 105, p. 257, pi. 1, figs. 4a, b. Shale near base 

of Wapanucka limestone, quarry 2 miles south of Hartshome, NW% sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 17 E., Pittsburg County, 

Okla.

[not] Amphissites wapanuckaensis Harlton. Harlton, 1933= 

Kegelites sp. A.

[not] Polytylites wapanuckaensis (Harlton). Cooper, 1946=

Kegelites sp. B. 

[not] Polytylites wapanuckaensis (Harlton). McLaughlin,

1952=Kegelites sp. B.

The holotype (USNM 79359) has a rounded posterior 

node in the posterior third of the greatest length. 

Harlton's 1933 specimen (USNM 85552) is a single 

valve in which the rounded posterior node is closer to 

the central node, both of which are in the central third 

of the valve. Cooper's 1946 specimen is described and 

illustrated as having an elongate posterior node.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Kegelites sp. A

Amphissites wapanuckaensis Harlton. Harlton, 1933, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 7, p. 23, pi. 6, fig. 8. Johns Valley shale, 

NE^SE^ sec. 4, T. 1 S., R. 16 E., north of Baskett farm 

house, from 60-ft. hand dug well, Pushmataha County, 

Okla.

The position of the posterior node in the central third 

of the valve length suggests that this may be a different

species. However, it is possible that the valve is deformed.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Kegelites sp. B

Polytylites wapanuckaensis (Harlton). Cooper, 1946, Illinois 

Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 108, pi. 16, figs. 21, 22. Shale 

on top of "Fulda" limestone, Mansfield group of Pottsville series, NW}4 sec. 11, T. 5 S., R. 4 W., Spencer 

County, Ind.

McLaughlin, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, v. 26, p. 618, pi. 82, 

fig. 15. Glen Eyrie formation, gray shale, 6 ft. above 

contact with Madison limestone, shallow cut on east side 

of Rampart Range Road, 500 ft. north of the turncff of 

the Black Canyon Loop Road, sec. 28, T. 13 S., R. 67 W., 

El Paso County, Colo.

The pointed posterior node distinguishes this species. 

Geologic range. Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian.

Kegelites? sp. C

Ectodemites plummeri Cooper, 1945, Jour. Paleontology, v. 19, 

p. 368-375, pi. 57, figs. 7-20, 22-29, 31-36 [not figs. 1-6, 

21, 30="Ectodemites" plummeri Cooper, 1945]. Marble 

Falls formation, San Saba County, Tex. 

Cooper, 1946 [part], Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 103, 

pi. 15, figs. 40-42 [not figs. 37-39="Ectodemites" plummeri]. Ferdinand formation, shale below Ferdinand 

limestone, NW*4 sec. 20, T. 6 S., R. 4 W., Spencer County, 

Ind. 

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Genus POLYTYLITES Cooper, 1941

Polytylites Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77,

p. 51.

Amphissites [in part, of authors]. 

Mauryella Harlton, 1929 [not Ulrich and Bassler, 1923], Am.

Jour. Sci., ser. 5, v. 18, p. 257.

Type species. Original designation, P. geniculatus 

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 52, 

pi. 10, figs. 34-37. Eenault formation, Vienna formation, Illinois.

Diagnosis. Differs from Amphissites by absence of 

dorsal shield, and by presence of terminal nodes or 

shoulders.

Discussion. The anterior node, well developed in P. 

geniculatus (pi. 9, figs. 8-12), is variable in development. In species like P. superus (Croneis and Gale), 

1939, the anterior node is subdued.

Geologic range. Upper Devonian(?), MississippianPermian. Figure 22 shows the stratigraphic range of 

species in Polytylites.

Lithology. Limestone, shale.

Hob it at. Marine.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 131

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

LOWER 

PERMIAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

UJ £

Z I

o fr m i

CC a! 

O 1

Lower

Upper

Middle

EXPLANATION

a m

stncted to system or 

part of system

tionably assigned to 

system or part of 

system

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 22. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of

species in Polytylites.

KEY TO SPECIES

In the following key, names in parentheses are 

synonyms.

1. Central node elongate_______________________ 2

la. Central node round or ellipticaL--__---_______ 3

2(1). Axis of central node perpendicular to hingeline_ 12 

2a. Axis of central node makes acute angle with

hingeline ________________________________ 15

3(la). Central node large, diameter one-fourth or more

of greatest length__________.______________ 4

3a. Central node small, diameter less than one-fourth

of greatest length-________________________ 5

4(3). Ventral margin straight--___________________ 13

4a. Ventral margin curved-____________ ambitus (p. 132)

5(3a). Inner rim removed from ventral margin on lateral

surface. __________ geniculatus (reticulatus) (p. 132)

5a. Inner rim coincides with ventral margin.______ 6

6(5a). Ventral margin concave__________ digitatus (p. 132)

6a. Ventral margin straight or convex. ___________ 7

7(6a). Central node extends to or almost to dorsal

margin. _________________________________ 8

7a. Central node well below dorsal margin,_______ 10

8(7). Posterior node larger than central node

kellettae? (p. 132) 

8a. Posterior node smaller than central node _____ 9

9(8a). Posterior node removed from posterior cardinal 

angle by a distance equal to the diameter of 

the node; central node round ______________ 14

9a. Posterior node at posterior cardinal angle; central

node elliptical-_---_--_----__---- wilsoni (p. 134)

10(7a). Swelling near venter below anterior node_ _ quincollinus 

(p. 133), (bradfieldit, concavust, elogatus,lineatus) 

lOa. No swelling near venter below anterior node__ - 11 

ll(10a). Central node approximately at midlength; anterior node does not curve-_--_--_- tricollinus (p. 134) 

11 a. Central node anterior to midlength; anterior

node curved..-.------ trilobus (p. 134) (sublineatus)

12(2). Central node anterior to midlength------------ 17

12a. Central node approximately at midlength

similis (p. 133) (lobatus)

13(4). Anterior node straight__-_--__-_-- nodosus (p. 133) 

13a. Anterior node curved

biforatus (p. 132) (fossilis, grovei) 

14(9). Central node to dorsal margin.-___._ superus (p. 133)
132 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

14a. Central node does not quite reach dorsal margin-..-.-..-..^ ____________________________ 16

15(2a). Ventral margin convex____________ radiatus (p. 133)

15a. Ventral margin straight__________ nodobliquus (p. 133)

16(14a). Terminal nodes approximately equal___ sp. A. (p. 134) 

16a. Terminal nodes not equal; posterior larger

simplex (p. 133) 

17(12). Posterior node straight..--__-_______ directus (p. 132)

17a. Posterior node curved._______________ brayeri (p. 132)

SPECIES ACCEPTED

Polytylites ambitus Cooper, 1941 

Plate 9, figures 40-43

Polytylites ambitus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 51, pi. 10, fig. 46. Renault formation 

NW%NWi4 sec. 3, T. 14 S., R. 3 E., Massac County, 111.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites biforatus (Croneis and Thurman), 1939

AmpMssites Mforatus Croneis and Thurman, 1939, Denison

Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 312, pi. 8, fig. 9.

Kinkaid shale, outcrop in road one-half a mile southeast

of Robbs, Pope County, 111. 

Polytylites Mforatus (Croneis and Thurman). Cooper, 1941,

Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, fig. 23.

Golconda formation, east side of highway bridge,

NE^NWi/i sec. 20, T. 5 S., R. 8 W., Randolph County,

111.

AmpMssites fossilis Croneis and Thurman, 1989, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 312, pi. 8, fig. 18. Kinkaid 

shale, same locality as above.

Polytylites fossilis (Croneis and Thurman). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, figs. 51, 52. 

Paint Creek formation, along Mississippi River bluffs, 

SW1/! sec. 4, T. 6 S., R. 8 W., Randolph County, 111.

AmpMssites grovei Croneis and Gutke. 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., 

Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 46, pi. 2, figs. 28, 29. Renault 

formation, Shetlerville member, sec. 5, T. 13 S., R. 8 E., 

Hardin County, 111.

Polytylites^ nodobliquus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 53, pi. 10, figs. 38-41. 

Renault formation, NW%NW^4 sec. 3, T. 14 S., R. 3 E., 

Massac County; Golconda formation, east side of highway bridge, NE^NW1/! sec. 20, T. 5 S., R. 8 W., Randolph 

County, 111.

The holotype of P. biforatus is an immature specimen with a recorded length of 0.69 mm, while the holotype of P. fossilis, from the same locality, is a larger 

specimen with a recorded length of 1.00 mm. The central node of P. biforatus is recorded as relatively smaller 

than of P. fossilis. The percentage of diameter of the 

central node of the greatest length as measured on the 

original illustrations are 33 percent for P. Mforatus, 

31 percent for P. fossilis and 32 percent for P. grovei 

(length 0.93 mm). The three species are here considered as stages of growth of the same species.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites brayeri Sohn, n. name

AmpMssites altonodosus var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 26, p. 173, pi. 28, figs. 4a, b. Shale partings in Salem limestone. Roadcut, west side of Missouri 

Highway 21, one-half a mile north of Meramec River 

bridge, St. Louis County, Mo. 

[not] A. vanniae var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952, idem, p. 173,

pi. 28, figs. 3a, b=A. rugosus Girty, 1910. 

[not] A. rotundus var. missouriensis Brayer, 1952, idem, p. 173,

pi. 28, figs. 6a, b AmpMssites nomen dubium. 

Because Brayer erected 3 varieties with the same 

name, 2 of them are junior homonyms and require new 

names. A. altonodosus var. missouriensis is the third 

listed; consequently it is ruled out on line precedence. 

The name "missouriensis" is preoccupied by A. vanniae 

var. missourinesis which is here considered a junior 

synonym. Future work may prove A. rotundus var. 

missouriensis to be a valid species in AmpMssites, and 

a new name is in order for that species.

Although the holotype and only specimen is an 

abraded left valve, the shape and curved terminal lobes 

distinguish this species from all others in Polytylites. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian. 

Polytylites digitatus Sohn, 1954

Polytylites digitatus Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

264-A, p. 14, pi. 3, figs. 34-36. Uppermost Leonard or 

lowermost Word formation, silicified limestone, Glass 

Mountains, Brewster County, Tex. 

Geologic range. Permian.

Polytylites directus Cooper, 1941

Polytylites directus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept.

Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, fig. 43. Glen Dean formation,

shale (?) just below upper ledge of Okaw limestone,

SW1/4NW14 sec. 30, T. 7 S., R. 6 W., Randolph County, 111.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites geniculatus Cooper, 1941 

Plate 9, figures 8-12

Polytylites geniculatus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, figs. 24-27. Vienna formation, 

SE^SW1^ sec. 26, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., Union County; 

Renault formation, (main Shetlerville shale) SE^SW^ 

sec. 11, T. 12 S., R. 7 E., one-half a mile south of Eichorn, 

road ditch, west side below top of knob, north-trending 

road, 500 ft north of south section line, one-half a mile 

south of Eichorn (not recoverable in 1954 because of 

road construction), Hardin County, 111.

^Polytylites reticulatus Cooper, 1941, idem, p. 53, pi. 10, fig. 

10. Clore formation, SE%SW& sec. 15, T. 7 S., R. 6 W., 

Randolph County, 111.

Polytylites tricollinus (Jones and Kirkby). Cooper, 1941, idem, 

p. 54, pi. 11, figs. 1-4. Glen Dean formation, SW^NW^ 

sec. 30, T. 7 S., R. 6 W., Randolph County, 111. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites? kellettae (Kummerow), 1939

AmpMssites kellettae Kummerow, 1939, Preuss. Geol. Landesanstalt, Abh., n. f., no. 194, pt. A, p. 30, pi. 2, figs. 5a, b, 6. 

Uppermost Upper Devonian, Eb, Steinloch bei Velbert, 

Rheinland, Germany.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 133

This species is based on an internal mold and an impression of the exterior and may represent an entirely 

different genus.

Geologic range. Upper Devonian.

Polytylites nodobliquus (Croneis and Gale), 1939 

Plate 9, figures 22, 23

Knightina nodoUiqua Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 274, pi. 5, fig. 1. Golconda 

formation, limestone and shale in roadcut near Douglas 

School, Hardin County, 111.

[not] Polytylites nodoMiquus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 

1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 53, pi. 10, 

figs. 38-41=P. biforatus (Croneis and Thurman), 1939.

The oblique central node and straight ventral margin 

distinguishes this species.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites? nodosus (Roth), 1929 

Plate 9, figures 46-48

Amphissites nodosutn Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Pub.

1, p. 50, pi. 3. figs. 16a-c. Wapanucka limestone, sec.

28, T. 3 N., R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla. 

Amphissites nodosus Roth, 1939, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 292

[emendation], 

[not] Amphissites nodosus Roth. Harlton, 1933=species to be

investigated, 

[not] Amphissites nodosus Scott and Borger, 1941=A. centronotusl (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Polytylites quincollinus (Harlton), 1929 

Plate 9, figures 24, 25

Mauryella qtdncollina Harlton, 1929, Am. Jour. Sci., ser. 5, v. 18, 

no. 105, p. 257, pi. 1, fig. 5. Fayetteville shale, railroad 

cut at Fayetteville, Washington County, Ark.

Polytylites qmnc-ollinus (Harlton). Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 53, pi. 10, fig. 45. Renault 

formation (main Shetlerville shale), SE^SW^ sec. 11, 

T. 12 S., R. 7 E., road ditch, west side, below top of knob, 

500 ft north of south section line on north-trending road, 

one-half a mile south of Eichorn (not recoverable in 1954 

because of road construction), Hardin County, 111. 

Cooper, 1947, Jour. Paleontology, v. 21, p. 35 [list], pi. 23, 

fig. 25. Kinkaid formation, north tributary of Lick Creek, 

sec. 31, T. 11 S., R. 2 E., Johnson County, 111.

Amphissites elongatus Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 83, pi. 4, fig. 10. Menarcl 

formation, SE^4SW% sec. 28, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., Union 

County, 111.

Polytylites elongatus (Croneis and Bristol). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, fig. 44. 

Kinkaid formation (probably upper Clore shale), NE^4 

NW% sec. 30 and SE^4SWi4 sec. 19, T. 12 S., R. 5 E., 

railroad cut at Robbs, 3 miles east of Simpson, Pope 

County, 111.

Amphissites lineatus Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 83, pi. 4, figs. 1. 2. Menard 

formation, Illinois Geol. Survey loc. P51A, 0803.49, 

Illinois.

Amphissites bradfteldi Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939, in Croneis, 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 

29, new name for Amphissites rothi Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939 [not Bradfield, 1935].

Amphissites rothi Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939 [not Bradfield, 

1935], Denison Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 346, 

pi. 10, flg. 15. Clore formation, limestone and shale in 

ravine north of road one mile east of Whiteside School, 

Johnson County, 111.

?Amphissites concavus Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 79, pi. 4, flgs. 8, 9. Menard 

formation, Illinois.

[not] Polytylites bradfleldi (Croneis and Funkhouser). Cooper, 

1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, 

figs. 24-26=P. trilobus (Croneis and Gale), 1939.

The holotype (pi. 9, figs. 24, 25) has the ventral 

swellings unequally developed on both valves. Cooper 

states (1941, p. 53) that specimens from the lower Fayetteville shale vary in size and extent of ventral swellings. The anterior ventral swelling appears to be 

better developed and more constant than the posterior; 

consequently, species erected on the lack of a posterior 

ventral swelling are here placed in synonymy. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites? radiatus (Jones and Kirkby), 1885 

Kirlcbya umbonata var. radiata Jones and Kirkby, 1885, Annals 

Mag. Nat. History, ser. 5, v. 15, p. 180, pi. 3, flg. 2. Carboniferous, Scotland and England.

Amphissites radiata (Jones and Kirkby). Latham, 1932, Royal 

Soc. Edinburgh Trans., v. 57, pt. 2, no 12, p. 371, text 

fig. 18. Lower Limestone Series, Scotland.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Polytylites similis (Croneis and Gale), 1939

Amphissites similis Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., 

Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 269, pi. 5, fig. 6. Golconda formation, old quarry west of railroad tracks in SE1^ sec. 26, 

T. 13 S., R. 6 E., 3% miles southeast of Waltersburg, 

Pope County, 111.

IPolytylites lobatus Harris and Jobe, 1956, Oklahoma Geol. 

Survey Circ. 39, p. 14, pi. 3, flg. 3. "Manning" zone, well 

core 6,801-6,820 ft., Superior 61-2 Early, NEi/4NW^4NE% 

sec. 2, T. 21 N, R. 10 W., Ringwood Pool, Major County, 

Okla.

The holotype of P. lobatus is almost twice the length 

of the holotype of P. similis. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian. 

Polytylites simplex Hou, 1954

Polytylites simplex Hou, 1954, Acta Paleont. Sinica, v. 2, no. 2, 

p. 234, 254, pi. 1, figs'. 8a, b. Chihsia limestone, black 

shale, at Maanshan of Changyany district, Hupei province, 

Manchuria. 

Geologic range. Lower Permian.

Polytylites superus (Croneis and Gale), 1939

Plate 9, figures 27, 28

Amphissites superus Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 272, pi. 5, figs. 13, 14. Golconda formation, shaly limestone with thin shale layers, 

roadcut iy2 miles northeast of Gross, Hardin County, 111.
134 REVISION Or SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

PolytyUtes snperus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 53, pi. 11, figs. 6, 17. Menard formation, SE%SW% sec. 28, T. 11 S., R. 1 W. : 

Golconda formation, SW^NW^i sec. 13, T. 12 S., R. 1 

W.. Union Cmmty, 111.

The small terminal nodes above the central node distinguish this species.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites tricollinus (Jones and Kirkby), 1886 

Kirkbya tricollina Jones and Kirkby, 1886, Annals Mag. Nat.

History, ser. 5, v. 18, p. 261, pi. 8, fig. 19. Scar limestone

at Arnside, Westmoreland, England (not listed in directory of British fossiliferous localities). 

Amphissites tricollina (Jones and Kirkby). Roth, 1929, Wagner

Free Inst. Sci. Pub. 1, p. 8 [discussed]. 

[not] Kirkbya tricollina Jones and Kirkby. Ulrich, 1891= PolytyUtes trilobus (Croneis and Gale), 1939. 

[not] Polytyliles tricollinus (Jones and Kirkby). Cooper

1941=P. gcniculatus Cooper, 1941.

[not] Amphissites tricollina (Jones and Kirkby). Zanina, 

=-- PolytyUtes sp. A.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Polytylites trilobus (Croneis and Gale), 1939 

Plate 9, figures 29, 31 ; plate 11, figure 34

Amphissites trilobus Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 271, pi. 5, fig. 5. Golconda formation, limestone and shale in roadcut near 

Douglas School, Shawneetown quadrangle, Hardin County, 111.

Polytylites trilobus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 54, pi. 11, fig. 5. Golconda 

formation, SW^NW1! sec. 13, T. 12 S., R 1 W., Union 

County, 111.

Amphissites sublineatus Croneis and Thurman, 1939, Denison 

Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 315, pi. 8, fig. 16. 

Kinkaid formation (probably upper do re) shale, railroad cut, 3 miles east of Simpson, Pope County, 111.

Polytylites sublineatus (Croneis and Thurman). Cooper, 1941, 

Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 53, pi. 11, fig. 24. 

Same locality as above.

Polytylites bradfieldi (Croneis and Funkhouser). Cooper, 1941, 

Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, figs. 24- 

26. Clore formation, SE^SW1/! sec. 15, T. 7 S., R. 6 W., 

Randolph County, 111. Lists this species from 5 localities 

and formations from Renault to Kinkaid.

Kirkbya tricollina Jones and Kirkby. Ulrich, 1891, Cincinnati 

Soc. Nat. History Jour., v. 13, p. 207, pi. 18, figs. 8a, b. 

Shaly limestone of Chester group near Grayson Springs 

Station, Ky.

[not] Polytylites trilobus (Croneis and Gale). Marple, 1952= 

Amphissites centronotusl (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906.

This species is present also in the Vienna shale, 111. 

(USGSloc. 12842-PC). 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites wilsoni (Croneis and Gutke), 1939

Plate 9, figures 19-21

Amphissites wilsoni Croneis and Gutke, 1939 Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 47, pi. 2, figs. 24, 25. 

Renault formation, Illinois.

PolytyUtes wilsoni (Croneis and Gutke). Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 54, pi. 11, figs. 22, 23. 

Renault formation (main Shetlerville shale), SE^SW^ 

sec. 11, T. 12 S., R. 7 E., road ditch, west side, below top 

of knob, 500 ft north of south section line on northtrending road one-half a mile south of Eichorn (not recoverable in 1954 because of road construction), Hardin 

County, 111.

The diagnostic elliptical central node distinguishes 

the species. Common in the Pella Beds, Iowa (USGS 

loc. 5793-PC, 5794-PC), and in Middle Renault or 

Shetlerville formation, Illinois (USGS loc. 12844-PC).

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Polytylites sp. A

Amphissites tricollina (Jones and Kirkby). Zanina, 1956, 

Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. GeoJogorazv. Inst, Trudy, 

new ser., no. 98, p. 236, pi. 6, figs 1-3 Stalingradski horizon, Vis6an, Russia.

Differs from P. superus (Croneis and Cale), 1939, in 

that the central node does not extend up to the dorsal 

margin, in outline of ventral margin, and in that the 

terminal nodes are approximately the same size.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

SYNONYMS AND REJECTED SPECIES OF POLYTYLITES

bradfleldi (Croneis and Funkhouser). Cooper, 1941=P. trilobus

(Croneis and Gale), 1939.

crassus Cooper, 1941=Amphissites tumidus (Cooper), 1941. 

dirersus Cooper, I94l=Reviya diversa (Cooper), 1941. 

elongatus (Croneis and Bristol), 1939=P. quinoollinus (Harlton), 1929. 

fossilis (Croneis and Thurman), 1939=P. Uforatus (Croneis

and Thurman), 1939. 

lobatus Harris and Jobe, 1956=P. similis (Croneis and Gale),

1939. 

? nodobliquus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 1941=P. biforatus

(Croneis and Thurman), 1939.

reticulatus Cooper, 1941=P. genicula-tus Cooper, 1941. 

sublineatus (Croneis and Thurman), 1939=P. trilobus (Croneis

and Gale), 1939. 

tricollinus (Jones and Kirkby). Cooper, 1941=P. geniculatus

Cooper, 1941.

wapanuckaensis (Harlton). Cooper, 1946=Kegelites sp. B. 

wapanuckaensis (Harlton). McLaughlin, 1952=Kegelites sp. B.

Genus SHLEESHA Sohn, n. gen.

Type species. Kirkbya pinguis Ulrich and Bassler, 

1906, U.S. Natl. Mus. Proc., v. 30, p. 159, pi. 11, figs. 

13-15. Cottonwood shale, Kansas.

Diagnosis. Differs from all the genera previously 

assigned to Amphissites by the absence of a dorsal 

shield, and by the presence of only one marginal ridge. 

The lobation consists of a reduced subcentral node, an 

undefined posterior shoulder, and with or without a vestigial anterior shoulder.

Discussion. This genus differs from "Ectodemites" 

Cooper, 1941, in that the latter has a well-defined sec-
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 135

ond or inner ridge subparallel to the ventral margin, 

Knightina Kellett, 1933, does not have a subcentral 

node.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian-Permian. 

Figure 23 shows the stratigraphic range of species in 

Shleesha.

Lithtology. Shale and limestone.

Habitat. Marine.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES 

10

LOWER 

PERMIAN

PENNSYLVANIAN

MISSISSIPPIAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Middle

i i

i

58888888883 s

i

m' $%^m~^^^&K^

~ni i 

m$&wjms

i i

K8«2 ^M

1 1

?

X>QC< o

xxxx 2

EXPLANATION

n lumber of species 

stricted to system 

part of system

m

to

Number of species qi 

tionably assigned 

system or part of 

system

lumber of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 23. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic level at the same locality, of species 

in Shleesha,.

Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906 

Plate 11, figures 1-11, 15-18, 37

KirTcbya pinguis Ulrich and Bassler, 1906, U.S. Natl. Mus. Proc. 

v. 30, p. 159, pi. 11, figs. 13-15. Cottonwood shale, 2 

miles east of Cottonwood Falls, Chase (?) County, Kans.

Ampliissitcs pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler). Knight, 1928, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 2, p. 263, pi. 32, fig. 9, pi. 34, fig. 3. Shale 

parting in "Brown lime" in Labette shale exposed in 

south bank of creek east of Price Road and south of 

Ladue Road; approximately the same horizon in creek 

south of Ladue Road under McNight Road bridge (Knight 

loc. 47), St. Louis County, Mo.

Delo, 1931. Washington Univ. [St. Louis] Studies, new 

ser., Sci. Tech. 5, p. 46, pi. 4. figs. 7a-c. Pennsylvania!! 

limestone cuttings, 4,100 ft, Ransom No. 1 Well, Wood 

Oil Co., NW. cor. sec. 5, T. 26 S., R. 41 W., Hamilton 

County, Kan.

Coryell and Sample, 1932, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 13, 

p. 260, pi. 25, fig. 3, East Mountain Shale, near Mineral 

Wells, Palo Pinto County, Tex.

Kellett, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 94, pi. 15, figs. 

12-22, 41. Dover to Wreford formations, Kansas, at 16 

localities.

Upson 1933, Nebraska Geol. Survey Bull. 8, p. 43, pi. 3, 

figs, lla, b. Shale above lower zone of the Eiss limestone, Eiss Hill, near southeast corner SE^4 sec. 3, T. 1 

N., R. 13 E., Richardson County, Nebr.

Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 

61, pi. 4, fig. 6. Union Dairy member of Hoxbar formation, limestone, top part, railroad cut, about center of 

north line of SW% sec. 6, T. 5 S., R. 2 B.; shale, about 

150 ft below Confederate limestone, about one-half a mile 

north of Deese School, center of east line of sec. 32, 

T. 3 S., R 1 E., Carter County, Okla.

^AmpJiissites ciscoensis Harlton, 1928, Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, 

p. 134, pi. 21, figs. 5 a, b. Cisco formation, below Camp 

Colorado limestone, on Harpesville Road 3 miles east of 

Moran, Shackelford County, Tex.

Harlton, 1929, Texas Univ. Bull. 2901, p. 150. pi. 1, fig. 10. 

Canyon group, marly shale and limestone, San Saba River 

valley, near Hext, Menard County, Tex.

lAmphissites congruens Cooper. McLaughlin, 1952 [part], 

Jour. Paleontology, v. 26, p. 617, pi. 82, figs. 13, 14 [not 

figs. 11, 12, 1Q=AmpJiissites rugosus Girty, 1910]. Glen 

Eyrie formation, gray shale, sec. 28, T. 13 S., R. 67 W., 

El Paso County, Colo.

AmpJiissites gcni Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Pub. 1, 

p. 42, pi. 2, figs. 12a-e. Francis formation, SE. cor. sec. 4, 

T. 3 N., R. 6 E., Pontotoc County, Okla.

AmpJiissites geneae Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 292 

[corrected name].

Warthin, 1930, Oklahoma Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 64, pi. 

5, fig. 2. Holdeuville formation, 10 ft. above Sasakwa 

member, shale in gully, 1,250 ft. east of SW. cor., sec. 18, 

T. 4 N., R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla.

lAmpJiissites gregeri Delo, 1931, Washington Univ. [St. Louis] 

Studies, new ser., Sci. Tech. 5, p. 4S, pi. 4, figs. Sa-c. Pennsylvanian limestone cuttings at 4,100 ft., Ranson No. 1 

Well, Wood Oil Co., in NW. corner sec. 5, T. 26 S., R. 41 W., 

Hamilton County, Kans.

Gytlierct Jiau-ortJii Ulrich and Bassler, 1906, U.S. Natl. Mus. 

Proc., v. 30, p. 160, pi. 11, fig. 12. Cottonwood shale, 2 

miles east of Cottonwood Falls, Chase County, Kans. 

Amphissites koeJiJeri Delo, 1931, Washington Univ. [St. Louis] 

Studies, new ser., Sci. Tech., no. 5, p. 45, pi. 4, figs. 6a-c. 

Pennsylvania limestone, associated with A. pinguis.

minuta Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Tnst. Sci. Pub. 

1, p. 44, pi. 2, figs. 13a-c. Francis formation, center 

sec. 24, T. 5 N., R. 6 E., Pontotoc County, Okla. 

AmpJiissites minutiis Roth. Upson, 1933. Nebraska Geol. Survey Bull. 8, p. 43, pi. 3, figs. 12a-c. Florena-Cottonwood 

contact, 2 miles southeast of Stockdale, Kans.

rotni Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 

22, no. 73, p. 57, pi. 4, fig. 1. Shale, Dornick Hills formation, in Jolliff (?) limestone, about 200 ft. below Otter-
136 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

ville formation, about 100 yd south of north line of sec. 

12, T. 3 S., R. 2 E., main gully in NEM, Carter County, 

Okla.

AmpMssites roundyi Knight. Johnson, 1936, Nebraska Geol. 

Survey Paper 11, p. 31, pi. 3, figs. 29-31. Either the 

Meadow limestone member of the Plattsburg limestone 

formation of the Lansing group, or the Bethany Falls 

limestone member of the Swope limestone formation of 

the Bronson group, Dyson Hollow, about 1% miles west 

of LaPlatte, sec. 28, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., Douglas County, 

Nebr.

Ectodemites geneae (Roth). Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey 

Bull. 70, p. 102, pi. 15, figs. 32, 33. Weathered lower part 

of Millersville limestone, NE% sec. 28, T. 12 N., R. 1 W., 

Christian County, 111.

The holotype is based on an immature individual and 

was originally illustrated by drawings. It is here reillustrated by photographs (pi. 11, figs. 15-18). An 

adult specimen from the Brownwood shale, Texas, is 

here illustrated (pi. 11, figs. 10, 11). Kellett (1933, 

p. 94) published a growth series of this species and 

demonstrated that the size and shape of the central 

node varies with individuals and also that it becomes 

more subdued in larger specimens. In the original description it was stated: "Surface of the valve with a 

subcentrally situated, rather small, and only moderately 

prominent node, and behind this, with a small sulcus 

intervening, two less conspicuous nodes placed one above 

the other, the larger of the two being near the post 

cardinal angle." The larger node refers to the undefined posterior shoulder, and examination of plate 11, 

figure 17, the same view as the original illustration, 

shows that the smaller lower "node" is probably a sand 

grain. This feature is absent on Kellett's specimens 

and on other specimens illustrated on plate 11. A similar grain farther removed from the central node than 

in the holotype is shown on a right view of an adult 

specimen (pi. 11, fig. 11). The specimen shows also 

an incipient anterior shoulder that appears to vary with 

individuals of S. pinguis. AmpMssites rothi Bradfiekl 

is questionably referred to this species.

Bradfield's specimen (Indiana Univ. 2020) is lost, 

and a duplicate from his collection is here illustrated 

(pi. 11, fig. 9). The single marginal ridge, characterising this genus, is shown on the holotype (pi. 11, fig. 

16) as well as on a specimen from the Brownwood shale, 

Texas (pi. 11, fig. 8).

Geologic range. Pennsylvania!! and Permian.

Shleesha pinguoides (Croneis and Gale), 1939 

Plate 11, figures 12-14

Knightina pinguoides Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 273, pi. 5, fig. 15. Golconda 

formation, limestone and shale in roadcut near Douglas 

School, Hardin County, 111. Walker Mus. slide 44422 

contains two left valves; the holotype originally illustrated as a right valve, and a paratype that has a part 

of the dorsoposterior margin missing. 

Sohn, 1940, Jour. Paleontology, v. 14, p. 158 [list].

The presence of a subcentral node removes this species 

from Knightina Kellett, 1933, and places it in this 

genus. It differs from all other species in /Shleesha in 

dorsal outline, which has the greatest width toward the 

anterior.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Shleesha simplex (Roth), 1929 

Plate 11, figs. 40-43

AmpMssites simplexus Roth, 1929, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. 

Pub. 1, p. 36, pi. 2, figs. 9a, b. Wapanucka limestone, 

sec. 28, T. 3 N., R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla.

AmpMssites simplus Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 292 

[emendation].

This is the largest species in this genus recorded 

length 1.32 mm. The median node is completely absent. The pronounced shoulder shown in the original 

illustration on the dorsoposterior of the left valve was 

caused by a quartz grain that was removed for the present illustration.

R. W. Brown (1958, oral communication) pointed out 

the fact that Eoth's emendation is incorrect and that it 

should be simplex, as used here.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Shleesha sullivanensis (Payne), 1937 

Plate 11, figures 23, 24

AmpMssites sullivanensis Payne, 1937, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

11, p. 281, pi. 38, figs. 3a-c, 4. Hayden Branch formation, 1 in. of gray shale, north-central part sec. 10, T. 8 

N., R. 10 W., Sullivan County, Ind.

[not] Ectodemites sullivanensis (Payne). Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 104, pi. 16, figs. 9, 10= 

Kniffhtina fidlaril Payne, 1937.

This species is narrower in dorsal outline than either 

S. pinguis and S. simplex. It differs from S. pinguoides by having a rounded ventroposterior margin and 

in dorsal outline.

Geologic range. Middle Pennsylvanian.

Shleesha? sp.

Kirkbya oUonga Jones and Kirkby. Ulrich, 1891, Cincinnati 

Soc. Nat. History Jour., v. 13, p. 206, pi. 18, figs. 4a-c, 

5a, b. Chester group, shaly limestone near the middle of 

the Chester group, at Chester, 111., and near Grayson 

Springs, Ky.

Family ARCYZONDIDAE Kesling, 1961

This family was named and described by R, V. Kesling in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part 

Q, Ostracoda (Moore, 1961). It includes Amphizona 

and related genera.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 137

Genus AMPHIZONA Kesling and Copeland, 1954 

Amphizona Kesling and Copeland, 1954, Michigan Univ., Mus. 

Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, no. 7, p. 154.

Type species. Original designation, A. asceta, Kesling and Copeland, 1954, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, no. 7, p. 154, pi. 1, figs. 1-31, pi. 

2, figs. 1-4, 8-40. Wanakah shale member of Ludlowville formation, Genesee County, N.Y.

Diagnosis. Distinguished from Amphissites Girty 

by the absence of terminolateral nodes.

Discussion. This genus was originally described as 

having a low node immediately in front of the kirkbyan 

pit. This node is illustrated by drawings of polished 

surfaces (Kesling and Copeland, 1954, figs. Ib, f). Unfortunately, this node is obscured on the surface of the 

valves because of the deep reticulations. Because the 

node is not readily observed, the genus is discriminated 

in the key to genera in two places, one with and the 

other without a subcentral node. The type species has 

a horizontal ridge subparallel to the dorsal margin 

and just above the pit. Whether this is a generic or 

specific character cannot be determined at the present 

time. The only other known species, A. pseudocarinata 

Smith, 1956, does not have this ridge, but the types appear to be corroded. It is possible that Smith's specimens are undeterminable.

Geologic -range. Middle Devonian. Figure 24 shows 

the stratigraphic range of species in Amphizona.

Lithology. Shale.

Habitat. Marine.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES 

10

z 

z

i

Q

Upper

Middle

l

2

EXPLANATION

n

(umber of species restricted to system or 

part of system

umber of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 24. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of species 

in Amphisona.

Amphizona asceta Kesling and Copeland, 1954

Plate 8, figures 31-35

Amphizona asceta Kesling and Copeland, 1954, Michigan Univ., 

Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, no. 7, p. 154, pi. 1, figs. 

1-31, pi. 2, figs. 1-4, 8-40. Wanakah shale member of 

Ludlowville formation, roadside exposure, 2 miles southeast of East Bethany, Genesee County, N.Y. 

Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1135, pi. 119, fig. 

6, Windom shale, western New York.

Kesling, 1957, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr.,

v. 14, no. 2, p. 20, fig. 2.

Amphissites rowei Coley, 1954, Jour. Paleontology, v. 28, p. 462, 

pi. 53, figs. 4, 5. Middle Devonian, New York.

Although the descriptions of Amphizona asceta and 

Amphissites rowei were both published in 1954, the 

species described by Kesling and Copeland has priority because its description was published in March, 

while Coley's paper was published in the July 1954 

issue of the Journal of Paleontology.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Amphizona? pseudocarinata Smith, 1956

Amphisona pseudocarinata Smith, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

30, p. 5, pi. 1, figs. 5-7. Wanakah shale, White Creek, 750 

yds southwest of intersection of railroad tracks and 

Transit Road, Bethany Township, Genesee County, N.Y.

The types of this species are corroded and may belong to an unidentifiable genus.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Genus ARCYZONA Kesling, 1952

Arcyzona Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology,

Contr., v. 10, no. 2, p. 30. 

Amphissites Girty [of authors].

Type species. Original designation, Amphissites 

diadematus Van Pelt 1933 [part], Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 7, p. 329, pi. 39, figs. 11,14, 15. Bell shale, Michigan.

Diagnosis. Straight-backed subquadrate or subelliptical, coarsely reticulated ostracodes, with large subcentral pit, and robust inner ridge.

Discussion. According to the1 original description, 

the pit is reflected inside of the valve as an internal node 

that has muscle scars. Species of this genus examined 

in the present study are devoid of lateral nodes. Certain ridges of the reticulations are thickened and high 

on the valve surface. This genus differs from Reviya 

n. gen. in that the inner rim is very thick.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian. Figure 25 shows 

the stratigraphic range of species in Arcyzona.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES 

10

DEVONIAN

Upper

Middle

n

1

EXPLANATION

D

Number of species 

stricted to system 

part of system

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species 3re 

recorded

FIGURE 25. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of species 

in Arcyxona.
138 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

Lithology. Sliale. 

Habitat. Marine.

SPECIES ACCEPTED 

Arcyzona aperticarinata Kesling and Weiss, 1953

Plate 10, figure 27

Arcyzona, aperticarinata Kesling and Weiss, 1953, Michigan 

Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, no. 3, p. 51. pi. 3, 

figs. 42-49. Norway Point shale, Alpena County, Mich. 

AmpMssites subquadratus (TJlrich). Warthin, 1934, idem, v.

4. no. 12, p. 214, pi. 1, fig. 12. Same locality as above. 

This species may be the same as A. bythiclimacota 

Kesling, 1952.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona apobathorta Kesling, 1952

Arcyzona, apo'bat'horta Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. 

Paleontology, Contr., v. 10, no. 2, p. 33, pi. 5, fig. 19. Bell 

formation, Alpena County, Mich.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona faythiclimaeota Kesling, 1952

Arcyzona ItytMclimacota, Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus, 

Paleontology, Contr., v. 10, no. 2, p. 32, pi. 2, fig. 10; pi. 5, 

figs. 12-16. Bell formation, shale, Presque Isle County, 

Mich.

AmpMssites diadematus Van Pelt, 1933 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 329, pi. 39, fig. 8. Bell shale, Michigan. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona campylactinota Kesling, 1952

Arcyzona campylactinota Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. 

Paleontology, Contr.. v. 10. no. 2. p. 34, pi. 2, fisrs. 11-13; pi.

5. figs. 7-11. Bell formation, Presque Isle County, Mich. 

AmpMssites subquadratus (Ulrich). Stewart, 1936, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 10, p. 751, pi. 101, figs. 5, 6. Silica shale, 

Ohio.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona diademata (Van Pelt), 1933

Plate 7, figures 11, 12

AmpMssites diadematus Van Pelt, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

7, p. 329, pi. 39, figs. 11, 14, 15 [not fig. 8=A. lytMclimacotal. Bell shale, Michigan.

? Amphissttes diadematus Van Pelt Coryell and Malkin, 1936, 

Am. Mug. Novitatesi, no. 891, p. 4, fig. 10. Hamilton shale, 

near Arkona, Ontario', Canada.

Arcyzona diademata (Van Pelt). Kesling, 1952, Michigan

Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 10, no. 2, p. 31, pi. 2,

fig. 14; pi. 4, figs. 34-38; pi. 5, fig. 1. Bell shale, Presque

Isle County, Mich.

Kesling and Weiss, 1953, idem, v. 11, no. 3, p. 51, pi. 3, figs.

39-41. Norway Point shale, Alpena County, Mich. 

Stewart (1936, p. 751) states that she examined Van 

Pelt's types, including this species, at the Walker Museum, University of Chicago. Neither Kesling nor I 

have been able to find these types. It should be noted 

that Van Pelt's illustrations (1933, pi. 39, figs. 9,10,13)

are not accounted for by either Kesling or Kesling and 

Weiss.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona? lunata (Bassler), 1941

AmpMssites lunatus Bassler, 1941, Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., 

v. 31, p. 24, fig. 16. Camden chert, quarries along Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway, near Camden, 

Benton County, Tenn.

Swain, 1953, Jour. Paleontology, v. 27, p. 271, pi. 39, figs. 

2a-c. Same locality as above.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona? parallella (TJlrich), 1891

Kirkbya parallela Ulrich, 1891, Cincinnati Soc. Nat. History 

Jour., v. 13, p. 192, pi. 15, figs. 2a, b. Onondaga formation, 

Falls of the Ohio, Louisville, Ky.

AmpMssites parallelus (Ulrich). Bassler and Kellett, 1934, 

Geol. Soc. America Spec. Paper 1, p. 152 [list].

Warthin (1937, card 102) incorrectly placed this 

species in synonymy with Amphissites siibquadratus 

(Ulrich), 1891 (= Arcyzona subquadrata).

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona rhabdota Kesling, 1952

Arcyzona, rhabdota Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 10, no. 2, p. 31, pi. 2, figs. 8, 9; pi. 5, 

figs. 2-6. Bell shale, Michigan Limestone and Chemical 

Co. at Calcite, near Rogers City, Presqtie Isle County, 

Mich.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona? semimuralis (Ulrich), 1891 

Kirkbya semimuralis Ulrich, 1891, Cincinnati Soc. Nat. History,

v. 13, p. 193, pi. 15, figs. 3a, b, 4a-c. Onondaga formation,

Falls of the Ohio, Louisville, Ky. 

Amphissites semimuralis (Ulrich). Bassler and Kellett, 1934,

Geol. Soc. America Spec. Paper 1, p. 154 [list].

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona subquadrata (TJlrich), 1891 

Plate 8, figures 37-39

Kirkbya subquadrata Ulrich, 1891, Cincinnati Soc. Nat. History, 

Jour., v. 13, p. 192, pi. 15, figs. la-c. Onondaga formation, Falls of the Ohio, Louisville, Ky.

AmpMssites subquadratus (Ulrich). Van Pelt, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 331, pi. 39, figs. 18-20. Bell shale, 

Presque Isle County, Mich.

Warthin, 1937, Wagner Free Inst. Sci., card 102. Same 

locality as above.

[not] AmpMssites subquadratus (Ulrich). Warthin, 1934= 

Arcyzona aperticarinata Kesling and Weiss, 1953.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Arcyzona? ulrichi (Bassler), 1941

Amplissites ulrichi Bassler, 1941, Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., 

v. 31, p. 24, pi. 1, fig. 15 (upper right corner of plate, 

not below fig. 20). Camden chert, quarries along Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway near Camden, 

Benton County, Tenn.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 139

There are 15 specimens on the slide labeled holotype 

(USNM 101033). Swain (1953) does not mention the 

species in his revision of this f aunule.

Geologic range, Middle Devonian.

SPECIES REMOVED

Arcyzona homalosaffenota Kesling, 1952=Reticestus'> homalosagenota (Kesling), 1952.

Genus RETICESTTTS Kesling and Weiss, 1953 

Reticestus Kesling and Weiss, 1953, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, p. 52.

Amphissites Girty. Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 346. 

Wilson, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 638. 

Warthin, 1937, Wagner Free Inst. Sci., card 98. 

Stewart, 1950, Jour. Paleontology, v. 24, p. 662.

Type species. R. acclivitatus Kesling and Weiss, 

1953, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, 

no. 3, p. 53, pi. 3, fig. 36. Norway Point formation, 

Michigan.

Diagnosis. Subovate straight-backed reticulated 

ostracodes, with a subscentral pit, without velae or 

carinae. Ridge and groove hingement, and, according 

to original description, poorly developed teeth and 

sockets. Dorsum and marginal surface separated from 

lateral surface by a distinct bend.

Discussion. Several species originally described in 

Amphissites belong to this genus. Some of the species 

do not have a flat platformlike area on the posterior 

part of the valve that is ascribed to the genus. This 

feature is here considered of specific value, as only one 

other species, R. planus (Wilson), shows that character.

Geologic range. Middle or Upper Silurian(?) 

Lower and Middle Devonian. Figure 26 shows the 

stratigraphic range of species in Reticestus.

Lithology. Limestone, shale and marl.

Habitat. Marine.

Reticestus acclivitatus Kesling and Weiss, 1953 

Reticestus acclivitatus Kesling and Weiss, 1953, Michigan Univ., 

Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 11, no. 3, p. 53, pi. 3, fig. 36. 

Norway Point formation, shale on southwest bank of 

Thunder Bay, about 1 mile downstream from Four Mile 

Dam, Alpena County, Mich. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Reticestus? altireticulatus (Swartz and Swain), 1941 

Amphissites (?) altireticulatus Swartz and Swain, 1941, Geol.

Soc. America Bull., v. 52, p. 429, pi. 4, figs. 3a-i; pi. 8,

fig. 2. Onondaga formation, Pennsylvania. 

? Amphissites (?) altireticulella Swartz and Swain, 1941, idem,

p. 430, pi. 8, fig. 3. Same locality as above.

The two species placed in synonymy are based on 

molds and casts of specimens that have the internal node 

but not the rims of Arcyzoim, A. ( ?) altireticulella is 

questionably referred to Reticestus altireticulatus 

(Swartz and Swain), 1941.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

0 10 20

DEVONIAN

SILURIAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Lower

i i

4

5

2 1

1;^

<£88$& 3

2

xxxx > Sxxx ^

EXPLANATION

rn

Number of species restricted to system or 

part of system

Number of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Upper Silurian

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 26. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of species 

in Reticestus.

Reticestus? concentricus (Ulrich and Bassler), 1913

Plate 11, figure 33

Primitial concentrica Ulrich and Bassler, 1913, Maryland Geol.

Survey Devonian volume: p. 517, pi. 95, figs. 6-8. Shriver

chert, 21st Bridge, W. Va. 

Amphissites concentricus (Ulrich and Bassler). Warthin, 1937.

Wagner Free Inst. Sci., card 98, same illustrations and

locality as above.

Geologic range. Lower Devonian.

Reticestus? homalosagenota (Kesling), 1952

Arcyzona homalosagenota Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. 

Paleontology, Contr., v. 10, no. 2, p. 34, pi. 5, figs. 17, 18. 

Bell shale, Presque Isle County, Mich.

The absence of an inner ridge probably places this 

species in Reticestus Kesling and Weiss, 1953. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Reticestus? ohioensis (Stewart), 1950

Amphissites ohioensis Stewart, 1950, Jour. Paleontology, v. 24, 

p. 662, pi. 86, tigs. 10, 11. Upper part of the Delaware 

formation, bone bed no. 3, limestone, junction of McCoy 

Road and Scioto River Road, east side of the Scioto 

River, 1 mile north of Fishinger Bridge, Franklin County, 

and quarry, Miami Stone Co., west side of Olentangy 

River, 2 miles north of Bartholomew Run, Delaware 

County, Ohio.

5536Z9 O -6Z -4
140 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

This species does not have the flat platf ormlike area 

on the posterior part of the valve that is present in the 

type species.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Reticestus planus (Wilson), 1935 

Plate 11, figures 19-22, 38-39

Amphissites planus Wilson, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 

638, pi. 77, figs, lla-d. Upper part of Birdsong formation, soft bluish calcareous shale, under western end of 

State Highway bridge over Tennessee River, just north 

of Perryville, Decatur County, Tenn.

Differs from the type species, R. acclivitatus Kssling 

and Weiss, by narrower anterior margin. Wilson's 

types consist of two cotypes (USNM 112892), a corroded carapace and a right valve. The right valve is 

here designated as the lectotype.

Geologic range. Lower Devonian.

Reticestus? primaevus (Roth), 1929 

Plate 11, figures 29-32

Amphissites primaevus Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 

346, pi. 36, fig. lOa. Upper Haragan marl (possibly 

Henryhouse), sec. 4, T. 2 N, R. 6 E., Pontotoc County, 

Okla.

1 Amphissites primaevns Roth. Wilson, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 638 [list]. Birdsong formation, same locality 

as R. planus.

The slide (USNM 80658) contains with the holotype also a badly corroded carapace as well as five shell 

fragments. The dorsoposterior part of the holotype is 

broken, and none of the five shell fragments appear to 

fit the missing part. According to Amsden (1953, p. 

49) the Haragan formation, if present at all, is very 

thin at the type locality of this species, and the specimens quite possibly come from the marlstone of the 

Henryhouse formation.

Geologic range. Silurian, Lower Devonian(?).

Reticestus? retiferus (Roth), 1929

Plate 9, figures 49-51

Amphissites retiferns Roth, 1929, Jour. Paleontology, v. 3, p. 

348, pi. 36, fig. lla. Horizon and locality in doubt (see 

discussion). 

? Wilson, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 4, p. 638 [list].

This species is based on a right valve (USNM 80659) 

that has a vertical crack from the pit to the ventral 

margin (pi. 9, fig. 50). The slide has two localities: 

upper Haragan marl, sec. 4, T. 2 N., E. 6 E., Pontotoc 

County (see discussion of R. primaevus}, and lower 

Haragan marl, "White Mound," sec. 20, T. 2 S., E. 3 E., 

Murray County, Okla. According to Amsden (1956, p. 

49) both the Haragan marl and the Henryhouse formation are present in this area, and it is not certain from 

which formation this specimen was collected.

Geologic range. Silurian(?) Lower Devonian.

Family KIRKBYIDAE Tllricli and Bassler, 1906

Kirkbyinae Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p.

47. 

Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 9.

Because Amphissitinae is raised to family rank; 

Kirkbyinae also is raised to family rank. The third 

subfamily, Kellettininae Sohn, 1954, based on the absence of a well-defined "kirkbyan" pit, bscomes Kellettinidae. Sohn (1954, p. 9) referred Aurikirkbya 

Sohn, 1950, Coronakirkbya Sohn, 1954, and Kirkbya 

Jones, 1859, to this taxon. He tentatively placed in 

this family Kirkbyites Johnson, 1936, Knightina Kellett, 1933, and Sinusuella Spizharsky (1939?).

Kirkbyites is considered in this revision as a junior 

synonym of Kegelites Coryell and Booth, 1933, and removed to Amphissitidae. The new genus Reviya is 

added to Kirkbyidae.

Geologic range. Mississippian through Permian.

Genus ATIRIKIRKBYA Sohn, 1950

Aurikirkbya Sohn, 1950, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 221-C,

p. 35. 

Sohn, 1954, idem, 264-A, p. 9.

Type species. Original designation, Kirkbya wordensis Hamilton, 1942, Jour. Paleontology, v. 16, p. 713, 

pi. 110, fig. 13. Permian, Glass Mountains, Tex.

Diagnosis. Differs from Kirkbya Jones, 1859, by the 

presence of two well-defined lobes that connect ventrally by a lobe and by a very thick shelled venter.

Discussion. Kirk~bya canyonensis was originally 'assigned to this genus. Later study disclosed that the 

shell wall of the venter in this species is not thicker 

than the rest of the shell wall. It was therefore referred back to Kirkbya (Sohn, 1954, p. 9). Cooper 

(1946, p. 105) referred K. canyonesis and K. knighti to 

K. kellettae because he assumed all three to be growth 

stages of the same species. His inference is based on 

the fact that they all were described from one horizon 

and locality and that the greatest lengths of the three 

species are published as 0.76 mm, 0.92 mm, and 1.66 

mm, respectively. Cooper's synonymy is not valid because my study of growth series of A. wordensis and A. 

~barbarae (Sohn, 1950) demonstrates that the lobation 

is constant within the growth series that range in length 

from 0.8 to 1.76 mm and from 0.9 to 2.07 mm. The 

three species differ in lobation.

Geologic range. Lower and Upper PennsylvanianPermian. Figure 27 shows the stratigraphic range of 

species in Aurikirkbya.

Litliology. Limestone and shale.

Habitat. Marine, probably bottom crawling form.

Aurikirkbya auriformis Sohn, 1950

Aurikirklya auriformis Sohn, 1950, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 221-C, p. 37, pi. 7, figs. 21a, d, 22a. Uppermost
AECHMESTELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 141

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

0 10 20

LOWER 

PERMIAN

z 

<

PEN NSYLVAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

i i

3

88888J3

_2 _

i

$$ji

D Number of species restricted to system or 

part of system

EXPLANATION

Number of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Upper Pennsylvania!"!

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 27. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by 

geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of 

species in Aurikirbya.

Leonard or lowermost Word formation, silicified limestone, Glass Mountains, Hess Canyon quadrangle, Brewster County, Tex.

Geologic range, Lower Permian.

Aurlkirkbya barbarae Sohn, 1950

Aurikirkbya barbarae Sohn, 1950, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

221-C, p. 36, pi. 7, figs. 14-20. Uppermost Leonard or 

lowermost Word formation, silicified limestone, Glass 

Mountains, Hess Canyon quadrangle, Brewster County, 

Tex.

Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, pi. 4, figs. 

10, 11. Same locality as above.

Geologic range. Lower Permian.

Aurikirkbya kellettae (Harlton), 1929 

Plate 8, figures 48-50

Kirkbya kellettae Harlton, 1929, Texas Univ. Bull. 2901, p. 152, 

pi. 2, figs. 2a-d. Canyon group, Menard County, Tex.

Knightina kellettae Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 

22, no. 73, p. 65, pi. 4, fig. 10. Shale, 1 ft below Otterville 

limestone, main gully, 200 yd south of north line, and onefourth of a mile west of east line of sec. 12, T. 3 S., R. 2 

E., Carter County, Okla.

[not] Kirkbya kellettae Harlton. Cooper, W16=Kirkbya canyonensis Harlton, 1929.

It is a coincidence that Bradfield chose the same specific name that Harlton gave to the senior subjective 

synonym.

Geologic range. Lower and Upper Pennsylvanian.

Aurlkirkbya knightl (Harlton), 1929

Kirkbya knighti Harlton, 1929, Texas Univ. Bull. 2901, p. 153, 

pi. 2, figs. 4a, b. Canyon group. Menard County, Tex.

Johnson, 1936, Nebraska Geol. Survey Paper 11, p. 27, pi.

3. figs. 9-11. Eudora shale member, Stanton formation, 

Dyson Hollow, sec. 28, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., about 1% miles 

west of La Platte, Douglas County, Nebr.

This species is characterized by a horizontal sulcus 

on the posterior lobe.

Geologic range. Upper Pennsylvanian.

Aurikirkbya wordensls (Hamilton), 1942

Kirkbya wordensis Hamilton, 1942, Jour. Paleontology, v. 16, 

p. 713, pi. 110, fig. 13. Uppermost Leonard or lowermost 

Word formation, silicified limestone, Glass Mountains, 

Hess Canyon quadrangle, Brewster County, Tex.

Aurikirkbya wordensis (Hamilton). Sohn, 1950, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 221-C, p. 236, pi. 7, figs. 1-13. Same 

locality as above. 

Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 9, pi.

4. figs. 9, 21. Same locality as above. 

Geologic range. Middle Permian.

Genus REVIYA Sohn, n. gen.

Amphissites [in part of authors].

Ectodemites Cooper, 1941 [part], Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv.

77, p. 49. 

Polytylites Cooper, 1941 [part], Idem, p. 51.

Type species. Amphissites^. obesus Croneis and 

Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, 

p. 270, pi. 5, figs. 2, 3. Golconda formation, Illinois.

Diagnosis. Straight-backed subelliptical tumid reticulated ostracodes without nodes or carinae and with 

elongate subcentral pit.

Discussion. Reviya differs from Knightina Kellett, 

1933, by the absence of a dorsoposterior shoulder, and 

from Arcyzona Kesling, 1952, in that the inner ridge 

is not thickened.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian. Figure 28 

shows the stratigraphic range of species in Reviya.

Lithology. Limestone and shale.

Habitat. Marine.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

10 20

 z. 

<

CL

C/5

C/5

^

Upper

Lower

 .... ! !

6

1

EXPLANATION

Number of species restricted to system or 

part of system

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 28. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of 

species in Reviya.
142 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

Reviya costellifera (Croneis and Bristol), 1939 

Plate 9, figures 32-35

AmpMssites costellifera Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison 

Univ. Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 80, pi. 4, fig. 5. 

Menard formation, Illinois. (See discussion for locality.)

AmpJiissites decipiens Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 81, pi. 4, fig. 4. Menard 

formation, same locality as above.

Ectodemites costelliferus (Croneis and Bristol). Cooper, 1941, 

Illinois Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 50, pi. 9, fig. 22. 

Vienna formation, SE^SW^ sec. 26, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., 

Union County, 111.

Ectodemites obtongus (Jones and Kirkby). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 50, pi. 9, fig. 23. Vienna 

formation, SE^SW1^ sec. 26, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., Union 

County, 111.

Discussion. I am indebted to C. W. Collinson, Illinois Geological Survey, for the following description 

of the type locality of R. costellifera (Croneis and 

Bristol) : "Sec. 18/BC/M = 0218.27. Shale, dark gray, 

very fossiliferous with Productus and Spirifer in NWx/4 

SE% sec. 18, T. 11 S, K. 9 E., Hardin County, Illionis."

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Reviya? diversa (Cooper), 1941

Polytylites Mversus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. 

Inv. 77, p. 52, pi. 10, fig. 4. Vienna formation, SE^SW1^ 

sec. 26, T. 11 S., R. 1 W., Union County, 111.

Based 011 an immature specimen. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Reviya gibbosa (Zanina), 1956

AmpMssites ffibbosus Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyus. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geologorazv. Inst. Trudy, new ser., no. 98, p. 234, 

pi. 6, figs. 8, 9a, b. Yisean, Russia.

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Reviya mimicus (Geis), 1932 

Plate 9, figures 52-54

AmpJiissites mimicus Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, p. 164, 

pi. 23, figs. 12a-c. Salem limestone, railroad cut at Spergen Hill, Norris, Ind.

Brayer, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, v. 26, p. 173, pi. 28, figs. 

2a, b. Salem limestone, roadcut west side of Missouri 

Highway 21, about one-fourth of a mile north of Meramec River bridge, St. Louis County, Mo.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Reviya obesa (Croneis and Gale), 1939 

Plate 9, figures 36-39

AmpJiissites^ obesus Croneis and Gale, 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., 

Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 33, p. 270, pi. 5, figs. 2, 3. Golconda 

formation, limestone and shale in roadcut near Douglas 

School, Shawneetown quadrangle, sec. 25, T. 11 S., R. 

8 E., Hardin County, 111.

Eotodemites obesus (Croneis and Gale). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 50, pi. 9, figs. 28, 29. 

Golconda formation, W%SW%NW}4 sec. 5, T. 6 S., R. 

1 W. Perry County, 111., H. Forrester No. 1 well.

Carapace subquadrate; dorsal margin straight; ventral margin slightly convex; ends rounded; tumid, 

greatest width at midlength, approximately equal to 

height; reticulated, reticulations on periphery formed 

by anastomising ridges subparallel to free margins; 

central part of valve covered by smaller and more regular reticules. Horizontally elongated pit below and behind midpoint of valve. Two weakly developed marginal ridges parallel to free margins.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Reviya? rotunda (Geis), 1932

Plate 11, figures 25-28

AmpJiissites rotundus Geis, 1932, Jour. Paleontology, v. 6, p.

162, pi. 23, figs, lla, b. Salem limestone, Spergen Hill

at Norris, Ind.

The holotype as well as topotype material (Alexander colln. 0.1505.1 now at the U.S. Natl. Mus.) are 

poorly preserved with an undeterminate thickness of 

shell material removed. The outline in dorsal view is 

more lanceolate than other species in Reviya; consequently its generic designation is tentative. 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Family KIRKBYELLIDAE Sohn, n. fam.

Diagnosis. Subquadrate small essentially equivalved reticulated sulcate ostracodes with a distinct to 

subdued subventral horizontal lobe that terminates in 

a posterior spine, and with or without one marginal rim. 

Narrow ridge ^nd^groove hingement with minute terminal teeth.

Description. This family is erected for Kvrkbyella, 

Berdanella n. subgen. and Psilokirkbyella n. gen. It 

differs from Kirkbyidae by the absence of two marginal 

ridges and by having a sulcus instead of a kirkbyan pit.

Kirkbyella was originally assigned to Kirkbyidae. 

Henningsmoen (1953, p. 243) transferred the genus to 

the subfamily Kloedenellinae. The hinge structure of 

Kirkbyella excludes it from Kloedenellidae. Stover 

(1956, p. 1133) classified this genus under "Family incertae sedis."

Geologic range. Silurian - Lower Pennsylvanian, 

Upper Pennsylvanian (?).

Genus KIRKBYELLA Coryell and Booth, 1933

Kirkbyella Coryell and Booth, 1983, Am. Midland Naturalist, v.

14, p. 262.

Warthin, 1937, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. card 80. 

Shinier and Shrock, 1944, Index fossils of North America,

p. 671. 

AmpMssites Girty. Van Pelt, 1933 [part], Jour. Paleontology,

v. 7, p. 332.

Halliella Ulrich. Warthin, 1934, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 4, no. 12, p. 208. 

Stewart, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, p. 746. 

Turner, 1939, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 25, no. 88, p. 12.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 143

Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., 

v. 10, p. 25.

Kesling and Weiss, 1953, idem, v. 11, p. 35.

Type species. Original designation, K. typa Coryell 

and Booth, 1933, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 14, p. 262, 

pi. 3, fig. 7. Wayland shale, Texas.

Diagonals. Small straight-backed sulcate reticulate 

ostracodes; reticulated horizontal lobe with posterior 

pointing spine below sulcus. Narrow ridge and groove 

hingement; minute terminal teeth on right valve fit into 

sockets below groove of left valve. Essentially equivalved; free margin rabbeted at contact.

Discussion. The original description of Kirkbyella 

is as follows: "Carapace small, subquadrate to suboblong; hingeline straight; free margin bordered; 

valves apparently equal; pronounced subcentral sulcus 

extending up to near the dorsal margin; surface reticulate ; differs from Kwkbya, in having a sulcus instead 

of a pit."

Upon examination of numerous specimens including 

the holotypes of species of Kirkbyella, and of polished 

cross sections, I conclude that the genus does not have 

the marginal ridges of Kirkbya, (Sohn, 1954, pi. 2, figs. 

9,10) and that the statement "free margin bordered" is 

not correct.

Turner (1939, p. 12) commented on the close resemblance between Kirkbyella T)ellipuncta (Van Pelt), 

1933, from Devonian rocks in Michigan and K. typa 

Coryell and Booth from Upper Pennsylvanian rocks 

in Texas. She based her opinion on the descriptions 

and illustrations of the species. The type material of 

Kirkbyella typa consists of a right and a left valve 

(Columbia Univ. Paleo. Colln. Cat. No. 2Y545). These 

two specimens are similar to specimens of Kirkbyella 

bellipuncta (Van Pelt) from the Devonian at Thedford, Ontario and western New York (compare pi. 12, 

figs. 13-15, with figs. 1-12). Except for the original 

description, there is no subsequent published record of 

K. typa, and a search through samples of Wayland 

shale failed to produce additional representatives of 

this or any other species of Kirkbyella. Pending future discovery of additional specimens in the Wayland 

shale, I propose to list the age of Kirkbyella, typa as 

Pennsylvanian (?), and to recognize K. bellipuncta as 

a valid name for Middle Devonian specimens.

It seems possible that the originals of Coryell and 

Booth's Pennsylvanian species from Texas may have 

come from a sample of Devonian rocks in New York, 

Michigan, or Ontario. Were it possible to prove this, 

then Kirkbyella bellipuncta (Van Pelt) would be a junior synonym of K* typa Coryell and Booth because 

Coryell and Booth's paper was published in May 1933 

and Van Pelt's paper is dated September 1933.

Most of the species assigned to Kirkbyella do not 

have the elevated subventral lobe; these are here removed to the new subgenus Berdanella and the new 

genus Psilokirtibyella.

Geologic range. Silurian - Lower Pennsylvanian, 

Upper Pennsylvanian (?).

Lithology. Shale, chert.

Habitat. Marine.

Subgenus KIRKBYELLA Coryell and Booth, 1933

Diagnosis. Kirkbyella with ventral lobe that merges 

with surface of the valve in anterior part, diverges 

from valve surface posteriorly where it is bounded by 

smooth, unreticulated, narrow rim.

Discussion. The bordered ventral lob© elevated 

above the surface of the valve distinguishes species in 

this subgenus from species in the new subgenus Berdanella.

Geologic range. Lower Devonian-Lower Pennsylvanian, Upper Pennsylvanian (?).

Lithology. Shale, chert.

Habitat. Marine.

SPECIES ACCEPTED 

Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) bellipuncta (Van Pelt), 1933

Plate 12, figures 1-12, 24

Amphissites bellipunctus Van Pelt, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 7, p. 332, pi. 39, figs. 37-40. Bell shale, Michigan, possibly from a roadcut near the town of Bell.

Halliella bellipuncta, (Van Pelt). Stewart, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, p. 746, pi. 100, figs. 15, 16. Silica shale, 2% 

ft of blue shale (zone 1) at the base of the quarry of the 

Sandusky Cement Co., at Silica, Lucas County, Ohio.

"iHaUiella bellipuncta (Van Pelt). Turner, 1939, Bull. Am. 

Paleontology, v. 25, no. 88, p. 12, pi. 1, fig. 3. Middle 

Devonian oil wells, Southwestern Ontario.

^Halliella bellipuncta (Van Pelt). Loranger, 1954, Western 

Canada sedimentary basin: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 199, pi. 2, figs. 21, 22. Ireton member of Woodbend formation, Bear Biltmore No. 1 well, 638-664 ft, Alberta, Canada.

Kesling, 1952, Michigan Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., 

v. 10, p. 26, pi. 1, figs. 16-20. Bell shale, sink filling in 

Rogers City limestone, quarry of the Michigan Limestone 

and Chemical Co. at Calcite, near Rogers City, Presque 

Isle County, Mich., and basal 10 ft of Bell shale overlying 

Rogers City limestone in the south wall of the same 

quarry, NW^NEi/4 sec. 1, T. 34 N., R. 5 E. 

Kesling and Weiss, 1953, idem, v. 11, p. 35, pi. 3, figs. 21, 

22. Norway Point formation, shale exposures on southwest bank of Thunder Bay River, about 1 mile downstream from Four Mile Dam (also called Fletcher Dam, 

Three Mile Dam, and Broadwell's Saw Mill), Alpena 

County, Mich.

[not] Halliella bellipuncta Warthin, 1934, Michigan Univ., Mus. 

Paleontology, Contr., v. 4, no. 12, p. 208, pi. 1, fig. 2= 

Psilokirkbyella sp.
144 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

Kirkbyella bellipuncta transversa Stewart and Hendrix, 1945, 

Jour. Paleontology, v. 19, p. 90, pi. 10, figs. 12-14. Plum 

Brook shale, about 2 miles northeast of Prout Station 

on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, along the creek 

SW%SE% of T. 6 N., R. 23 W., Sandusky quadrangle. 

Erie County, Ohio.

Kirkbyella tora Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1133, 

pi. 119, figs. 17-21 [not fig. 22=PsU-okirkbyel1a sp.]. 

Windom shale, small exposure 0.3 mile south of the intersection of New York Route 63 and Starr road. Sample 

from upper 10 ft. of weathered Windom shale, along the 

north bank of a pond. Genesee County, N.Y.

The striking similarity between K. bellipuncta and 

K. typa Coryell and Booth, 1933, was pointed out in 

the discussion of the genus. Stewart and Hendrix 

(1945, p. 90) based their variety K. bellipuncta transversa on specimens that fall within the range of individual variations of K. 'bellipuncta (pi. 12, figs. 1-10). 

K. tora Stover, 1956, is based on specimens that have a 

well-developed node at the end of the longitudinal 

ridge. This feature (pi. 12, figs. 2, 9, 10) is variable, 

and is considered here as not of specific value, consequently it is placed in synonymy with K. bellipuncta.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) typa Coryell and Booth, 1933 

Plate 12, figures 13-17

Kirkbyella typa Coryell and Booth, 1933, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 14, p. 262, pi. 3, fig. 7. Wayland shale, near Graham, Young County, Tex.

The striking similarity of this Upper Pennsylvanian species to Middle Devonian species is discussed 

under the genus. Compare plate 12, figures 13,16, with 

figures 1-10, and figure 15 with figures 11,24.

Geologic range. Upper(?) Pennsylvanian.

Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) ventricosa (Swartz), 1936 

Plate 10, figure 41

Primitiellal ventrioosa Swartz, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, 

p. 568, pi. 87, figs. la-d. Middle part of Shriver chert, 

Metaplasia plicata zone, Curtin, Dauphin (?) County, Pa.

Kirkbyella ventricosa (Swartz). Warthin, 1937, Beyrichiacea 

in Type invertebrate fossils in North America (Devonian), unit 9A: Wagner Free Inst. Sci. card 84.

The type material consists of three specimens (TJSNM 

94196), two external molds and one internal cast. The 

holotype is a squeeze of an external mold of a left valve 

that does not show any surface reticulation. A rubber 

cast of a paratype (pi. 10, fig. 41) shows the recticulations, and the raised horizontal lobe of Kirkbyella. The 

sulcus in this species is slightly more anterior than in 

the other species of Kirkbyella. One of the paratypes, 

the original of Swartz's figure Ib, is an internal cast of 

a left valve, and has small triangular spines along the 

ventral margin at the angulation between the lateral 

and ventral surfaces. Swartz (1936, p. 568) suggested

that these might represent coarse internal openings at 

the ventral angulation. This feature has not been 

noted in any other species of Kirkbyella or Berdanella. 

Geologic range. Lower Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) sp. indet.

Kirkbyella cf. K. gutkei Croneis and Bristol. Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 19 [list], 21 [list], 106, pi. 

17, fig. 9. Shale on top of Fulda limestone, NWx/4 sec. 11, 

T. 5 S., R. 4 W., Spencer County, Ind.

Cooper (1946, p. 107) states that he found a single 

distorted and broken valve. The illustration is of a 

specimen that does not have the characteristic ornamentation of K. gutkei', consequently it is listed here as 

an indeterminate species.

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

SYNONYMS AND REJECTED AND TRANSFERRED 

SPECIES OF KIRKBYELLA

bellipuncta (Van Pelt). Warthin, 1934=Psilokirkbyella sp.

bellipuncta transversa Stewart and Hendrix, 1945=1?. (Kirkbyella) bellipuncta (Van Pelt), 1933.

devonica Gibson. 1955=1?.? (Berdanella'!) devonica (Gibson), 

1955.

? dubia Morey, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, p. 118, pi. 17, 

fig. 5. Chouteau formation, near Brown's Station, Mo. 

Only one specimen of this species was found. This specimen, here illustrated on pi. 10, figs. 44-46, is more closely 

related to Knoxina than to any other Upper Paleozoic 

genus.

gutkei Croneis and Bristol, 1939=1?. (Berdanella) gutkei 

(Croneis and Bristol), 1939.

cf. K. gutkei Croneis and Bristol. Cooper, 1946=1?. sp. indet.

maf/nopunctata Wilson, 1935=Psilokirkbyella magnopunctata 

(Wilson), 1935.

obligua Coryell and Cuskley, 1934=1?. (Berdanella) verticalis 

(Coryell and Cuskley), 1934.

osarkensis Morey, 193$=Psilokirkbyella ozarkensis (Morey), 

1936.

perplexa Wilson, 1935=1?. (Berdanella) verticalis (Coryell and 

Cuskley), 1934.

quadrat a Croneis and Gutke, 1939=K. (Berdanella) quadrata 

(Croneis and Gutke), 1939.

rhomboidalis Swartz and Swain, 1941=1?. (Berdanella) rhomboidalis (Swartz and Swain), 1941.

scapha Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 320, pi. 28, fig. 

14. Basal Mississippian sandstone, 3 miles north Of Williamsburg, Mo. The type slide (Missouri Univ. colln. 

OS 1001-4) is labeled Sylamore sandstone, it contains 

four specimens that are definitely not Kirkbyella. One 

of these specimens is here illustrated on pi. 10, fig. 40. 

Their proper generic assignment is at present unknown.

sulcata Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 47, 

pi. 10, figs. 13, 14. Paint Creek formation, along Mississippi River bluffs, SW^ sec. 4, T. 6 S., R. 8 W., Randolph 

County, 111. The type of this species was examined at 

the Illinois Geological Survey in 1954. At that time it 

was decided that the specimen does not belong to Kirkbyella and may represent an internal mold of an undetermined genus.

tora Stover, 1956=1?. (Kirkbyella) bellipuncta (Van Pelt), 

1933.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIKKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 145

truncata Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Kept. Inv. 77, p. 47, 

pi. 10, figs. 8, 9. Menard formation, SB^SW1^ sec. 2, 

T. 7 S., R. 7 E., Randolph County, 111. The same conclusion as for K. sulcata.

(?) undulata Zanina, 1956, Vsesoyus. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. 

Geologorazv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., v. 98, p. 227, pi. 5, 

fig. 4. Visean, Moscow Basin, Russia. The lack of a ventural lobe excludes this species from Kirkbyella, the 

species might possibly belong to the same genus as 

Cooper's K. truncata and K. sulcata.

unicornis Coryell and Malkin, 1936=JST. (Berdanella) unicornis 

(Coryell and Malkin), 1936.

unicornis Coryell and Malkin. Stewart, 1950=K. (Berdanella) 

stewartae Sohn, n. sp.

verticalis Coryell and Cuskley, 1934= K. (Berdanella) verticalis (Coryell and Cuskley), 1934.

Submenus BERDANELLA Sohn, n. sub gen.

Type species. Kirkbyella perplexa Wilson, 1985, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 9, p. 639, pi. 77, figs. 12a-d. Birdsong 

shale, Tennessee.

Diagnosis. Subventral lobe, except posterior pointing spine, indistinct, merges with lateral surface of 

valve.

Discussion. This subgenus is established for species 

previously assigned to Kirkbyella that do not have a 

distinctly bordered horizontal lobe. The reticulations 

of the lateral surface of the valve continue uninterrupted over the lobe.

This subgenus is named in honor of my colleague 

Jean M. Berdan, U.S. Geological Survey.

Geologic range. Silurian-Upper Mississippian. Figure 29 shows the stratigraphic range of the species in 

Berdanella.

Lithctlogy. Shale.

Habitat. Marine.

Kirkbyella? (Berdanella?) devonica (Gibson), 1955 

Plate 12, figures 25-28, 34

Kirkbyella devonica Gibson, 1955, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 

35, no. 154, p. 10, pi. 1, fig. 15. Upper Devonian, Cerro 

Gordo formation. Clay pit operated by the Rockford 

Brick and Tile Co., Rockford, Iowa.

The species is distinguished by the pointed ventral 

ridge that joins the posterior margin and by the position of the sulcus, which is posterior to midlength. 

The presence of a marginal rim (pi. 12, fig. 34) makes 

uncertain the assignment of this species to Kirkbyella. 

The reticulated ventral lobe excludes it from Psilokirkbyella.

Geologic range. Upper Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) gutkei (Croneis and Bristol), 1939

Kirkbyella ffutkei Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Denison Univ. Bull., 

Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 84, pi. 4, figs. 14, 15. Menard 

formation, Illinois.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

Upper

Lower

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Middle

EXPLANATION

D

stricted to system or 

part of system

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 29. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic level at the same locality, of species 

in Kirkbyella (Berdanella).

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 18 

[list], pi. 10, figs. 20, 21. Menard formation, SE^4SW% 

sec. 28, T. 11 S., R. 1W. Union County, 111.

[not] Kirkbyella cf. K. gutkei Cronies and Bristol. Cooper, 

1946=Kirkbyella sp. indet.

The wavy reticulation pattern, especially along the 

ventral lobe, distinguishes this species. Cooper (1941, 

p. 18) records this species also from the Glen Dean 

and Clore formations.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) quadrata (Croneis and Gutke), 1939 

Plate 10, figures 31-33

Kirkbyella quadrata Croneis and Gutke, 1939, Denison Univ. 

Bull., Jour. Sci. Lab., v. 34, p. 48, pi. 1, fig. 12. Renault 

formation, Illinois.

Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 18 

[list], pi. 10, figs. 18, 19. Renault formation (Shetlerville?), SW^iSE1^ sec. 5, T. 13 S., R. 8 E., at loading docks 

for fluorspar southwest of Rosiclare, Hardin County, 111.

Differs from K. (B.) gutkei (Croneis and Bristol), 

1939, in pattern of reticulations. Cooper (1941, p. 18)
146 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

lists this species also in the Golconda and Vienna formations. The illustrated specimen is probably from 

Cooper's locality (USGS loc. 12844). 

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella?) rhomboidalis (Swartz and Swain), 1941

Kirkbyella rhomboidalis Swartz and Swain, 1941, Geol. Soc. 

America Bull. 52, p. 430, pi. 4, figs. 4a-c. Onondaga beds, 

weathered calcareous shale and argillaceous limestone, 

along highway on the west side of Kishacoquillas Creek, 

opposite Mount Rock village, Cumberland County; 

weathered fossiliferous slabs of Onondaga formation, 

along the highway to Markelville, 1.9 miles by map northwest of the New Bloomfield square, about 200 ft north 

of the old Clarks Mill building, and about one-fourth of a 

mile north of McKee crossroads, Pennsylvania.

This species is based on casts and molds in weathered 

slabs and may prove to be conspecific with one of the 

several Middle Devonian species of K. (Berdanella).

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) stewartae Sohn, n. sp. 

Plate 10, figures 34-36

Kirkbyella unicornis Coryell and Malkin. Stewart, 1950, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 24, p. 662, pi. 86, figs. 13, 14. Third Bone 

bed, Delaware formation, roadside exposure, junction of 

McCoy Road and Scioto River Road, east side of Scioto 

River, 1 mile north of Fishinger Bridge, Franklin County, 

Ohio.

This species differs from K. (B.} itinicomis by having 

an acute dorsoposterior angle and by having a horizontal pattern of reticulation covering the entire carapace.

In addition to the 'holotype, a right valve, the type 

slide (Ohio State Univ., Geol. Mus. No. 19594) contains a smaller, poorly preserved left valve.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) unicornis (Coryell and Malkin), 1936 

Plate 10, figure 43

Kirkbyella unicornis Coryell and Malkin, 1936, Am. Mus. Novitates, no. 891, p. 5, pi. 1, fig. 13. Coral zone of the Widder 

Beds in the Hamilton group, just above the Encrinal 

Limestone, on the Ausable River, about iy2 miles east of 

Arkona, in the southeastern part of Bosanquet Township, 

Lambton County, Ontario, Canada.

Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1133, pi. 119, fig. 

26. Windom shale, type section of the Moscow formation along Little Beards Creek, 0.5 mile east of New York 

Route 36 and 0.75 mile north of Leicester, Livingston 

County, N.Y.

[not] Kirkbyella unicornis Coryell and Malkin. Stewart, 1950= 

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) stewartae n. sp.

This species is distinguished by its fine reticulation, 

and lateral outline which is truncated ventroposteriorly. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) verticalis (Coryell and Cuskley), 1934 

Plate 10, figure 42; plate 12, figures 18-23, 29-33

Kirkbyella verticalis Coryell and Cuskley, 1934, Am. Mus. Novitates no. 748, p. 2, fig. 1. Haragan shale. "White 

Mound," Murray County, Okla. 

Warthin, 1937, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. card 85. 

Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1134, pi. 119, 

figs. 23-25. Type section of the Moscow formation, 

along Little Beards Creek, 0.5 mile east of New York 

Route 36 and 0.75 mile north of Leicester, Livingston 

County, N.Y.

Kirkbyella obliqua Coryell and Cuskley, 1934, Am. Mus. Novitates, no. 748, p. 2, fig. 2. Hargan shale, "White Mound," 

Murray County, Okla.

Kirkbyella perplexa Wilson, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 

639, pi. 77, figs. 12a-d. Birdsong shale, north side of road 

which crosses small glades, 2% miles northeast of Parsons, Decatur County, Tenn.

Wilson distinguished his species from K. (B.) verticalis because his species does not have a narrow unreticulated border around the free margins. A growth 

series from the Haragan formation of more than 30 

specimens suggests that the unreticulated border is due 

to abrasion (compare pi. 10, fig. 42, with pi. 12, fig. 

22). A specimen of K. (B.) verticalis from the Haragan formation was converted to one that resembles K. 

(B.} obliqua by painting the margins with dilute hydrochloric acid and thereby removing the reticulations. 

The holotype of K. (B.) verticalis is lost, and the holotype of K. (B.) obliqua is illustrated on plate 10, figure 

42. Both Warthin (1937, card 85) and Stover (1956, 

p. 1134) place Coryell and Cuskley's two species in 

synonymy.

Geologic range. Lower and Middle Devonian.

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) n. sp. 

Plate 10, figures 37-39

A single left valve from the Henryhouse formation, 

Oklahoma, has random distributed reticulations like K. 

(B.) unicornis (Coryell and Malkin), 1936, from which 

it differs in lateral outline. This oldest known species 

in the genus is not named because it is represented by 

only a single specimen.

Geologic range. Silurian, Henryhouse formation 

(USNMloc. 472-C).

Genus PSILOKIKKBYELLA Sohn, n. gen.

Type species. Kirkbyella magnopunctata Wilson, 

1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 639, pi. YY, figs. 13a, b. 

Birdsong shale, Tennessee.

Diagnosis. Differs from Kirkbyella Coryell and 

Booth, 1933, by possessing an unreticulated subventral 

lobe and a distinct marginal ridge.

Discussion. Species in Kirkbyella and Berdanella 

have a wide reticulated ventral lobe, while those in 

Psilokirkbyella have a smooth narrow lobe. The single
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 147

marginal ridge is not reticulated nor does it have any 

reticulations between it and the contact margin as do 

the ridges in KirJcbya. This ridge extends along the 

dorsal margin to the sulcus, while in KirJdbya the two 

ridges terminate at the cardinal angles. Stover (1956, 

pi. 119, fig. 22) illustrates a paratype of KirJcbyella 

tora Stover, 1956=#. lettipuncta (Van Pelt), 1933, 

that has a smooth subventral lobe diagnostic of this 

genus. It is here referred to PsiloMrJcbyella sp.

Geologic range. Devonian-Lower Mississippian.

Lithology. Shale.

Habitat. Marine.

Psilokirkbyella magnopunctata (Wilson), 1935 

Plate 10, figure 47

KirJcbyella magnopunctata Wilson, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

9, p. 639, pi. 77, figs. 13a, b. Birdsong shale, soft bluish 

calcareous, in the river bank at the steel bridge 4% miles 

above the mouth of the Big Sandy River, 1% miles east 

of Antioch Church, Henry County, Tenn. 

Warthin, 1937, Wagner Free Inst. Sci. card 81.

The original of Wilson's figure 13b, a right valve, is 

here designated as the lectotype. Warthin (1937, card 

87) states that this species is present also in the Haragan marl at White Mound, Murray County, Okla.

Geologic Range. Lower and Middle(?) Devonian.

Psilokirkbyella ozarkensis (Morey), 1936 

Plate 10, figure 48

Kirkbyella osarJcensis Morey, 1936, Jour. Paleontology, v. 10, p. 

118, pi. 17, fig. 1. Chouteau formation, shale seams, north 

edge of the town of Ozark, Christian County, Mo. 

Differs from P. magnopunctata (Wilson) in lateral 

outline and by the ventral lobe terminating in a blunt 

spine and by the marginal ridge being narrower. 

Morey lists this species also from the lower Chouteau 

formation near Brown's Station, Boone County, Mo. 

Geologic range. Lower Mississippian.

Psilokirkbyella sp.

Halliella bellipuncta (Van Pelt). Warthin, 1934, Michigan 

Univ., Mus. Paleontology, Contr., v. 4, p. 208, pi. 1, fig. 2. 

Traverse Group, lower Thunder Bay series, blue shale on 

south side of Thunder Bay River, at base of Seven-Mile 

Dam, sec. 12, T. 31 N., R. 7 E., Alpena County, Mich.

Kirkbyella tora Stover, 1956 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, 

p. 1133, pi. 119, fig. 22 [not figs. I7-21=KirJcbyella (Kirkbyella) bellipuncta (Van Pelt), 1933]. Windom shale, 

small exposure 0.3 mile south of the intersection of New 

York Route 63 and Starr road. Sample from upper 10 

ft. of weathered Windom shale, along the north bank of 

a pond. Genesee County, N.Y.

The illustration and the description of this specimen 

exclude it from K. (K.} belHpuncta. Warthin states 

that "a strong smooth ridge, parallel to the dorsal margin crosses each valve from the posterior border nearly 

to the anterior end, where it ends in a knob or anteriorly directed blunt spine * * *." 

should be reversed 180°.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

The orientation

Family PLACIDEIDAE Schneider, 1956

PJacidcidae Schneider, 1956. in Kiparisovoi, L. D., Markovskovo, 

B. P. and Radchenko, G. P., Vsesoyuz. Nauch.-Issled. 

Geol. Inst. (VSBGBI), Ministerstva Geologii i Okrany 

Nedr SSSR, Materialy, new ser., Paleont., no. 12, p. 95.

Miss Inna V. Poire very kindly translated the original description of this taxon as follows:

Diagnosis. Valves elongate oval, moderately convex. Anterior and posterior ends are of the same height, usually 

rounded. Dorsal and ventral margins parallel. Surface definitely reticulated.

Adductor muscle scars in center of valve forming an irregularly rounded rosette, consisting of minute irregularly angular 

spots, numbering up to 40.

The representatives of this family are known from upper 

Permian deposits, which occur on the Russian platform.

Miss Poire translates the original description of Placidea as follows:

GENUS PLACIDEA Schneider, 1956

Placidca Schneider, 1956, in Kiparisovoi, L. D., Markovskovo, 

B. P. and Radchenko, G. P., Vsesoyuz. Nauch.-Issled. 

Geol. Inst. (VSEGEI), Ministerstva Geologii i Okrany 

Nedr SSSR, new ser., Paleant., no. 12, p. 95. 

Type species. Amphissites lutJcevichi Spizharsky [1939], 

Upper Permian, Tatarian stage, basin of the Sukhona River.

Diagnosis. Valves are subrectangular, elongated; posterior 

dorsal and anterior dorsal angles are usually well developed; 

valves are flattened and thin. Dorsal margin straight; ventral 

margin slightly concave in the medial part. Ends rounded, 

equal in height, or anterior is slightly lower. The margins of 

the valves, except for the dorsal, are flattened [frilled?]. Pore 

canal zone slightly transparent; canals thin, straight, and distributed in pairs. Surface of valves finely reticulated, occasionally has from 1 to 3 well-developed small tubercles. Hinge 

margin thin and simple: in the left valve, the hinge consists 

of a groove in the dorsal margin into which fits the sharp knifelike margin of the right valve. Muscle scars (fig. 18) of the 

family Placideidae.

Basis for separating this genus. The genus Placidea is characterized by very definite marks which separate this genus from 

all other known genera. This genus is similar to Volganella, 

from which it differs by the outline of the valves and by the 

sculpture of the shells.

The genus Volganella Sharapova and Mandelstam, 

1956(?), family Volganelidae Mandelstam, 1956, is described by Mandelstam on page 94 of the same publication as Placidea. There is some inconsistency about the 

date of publication because Kim (1955, p. 35) lists Volganella lutkevitdhi (Spizharsky), suggesting that the 

genus was available prior to 1956.

Placideidae as based on the type genus may include 

the Devonian genera Amphissella Stover, 1956, and 

Doraclatum Stover, 1956. Both of these genera have 

thin marginal ridges and subcentral pits. However,
148 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

the number and shape of muscle spots in these pits, are 

not known. Cooper (1946, pi. 17, figs. 30,33) illustrates 

the muscle scar roseatte of Roundyella Bradfield, 1935. 

Roundyella is excluded from this family because it does 

not have marginal ridges (Sohn, 1954, p. 19, pi. 4, figs. 

14,16,19,22).

Genus AMPHISSELLA Stover, 1956

Amphissella Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1134. 

Amphissites Girty. Coryell and Malkin, 1936 [part], Am. Mus.

Novitates, no. 891, p. 4. 

IRoundyella Bradfield. Pfibyl, 1953, Czechoslovakia, Stat.

Ustf. fist, geol., Sbornik, v. 20, Paleont, p. 254, 296, 329.

Type species. Original designation, A. papillosa 

Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1134, pi. 119, 

figs. 11, 12. Windom shale, New York.

Diagnosis. Small straight-backed subelliptical to 

subquadrate reticulated or papillose ostracodes, with 

subcentral smooth spot and marginal ridge.

Discussion. This genus differs from Roundyella 

Bradfield, by possessing a marginal ridge that is illustrated as gen. imdet. aff. Roundyella by Sohn (1954, p. 

19, pi. 4, fig. 8).

Geologic range. Middle and Upper Devonian, 

Lower Mississippian( ?). Figure 30 shows the stratigraphic range of species in Amphissella.

Lithology. Shale, limestone, sandstone (?).

Hob itat. Marine.

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

10

 z. 

<

CL

QC/)

CO

c/>

^

z.

o

LU

Q

Upper

Lower

Upper

Middle

1 1

F

n

 ;v# 2

^y^S888$£l8

EXPLANATION

D umber of species restricted to system or 

part of system

m Number of species questionably assigned to 

system or part of 

system

Number of species re 

corded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Lower Mississippian

lumber of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 30. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of species 

in Amphissella.

Amphissella? angustai (Pokorny), 1950

Roundijella angustai Pokorny. 1950, Czechoslovakia Stat tJstf. 

ust. geol., Sbornik, v. 17, Paleont. p. 544, 607, pi. 2, figs. 

4a-c. Givetian, red, marly coral limestone, abandoned 

Rizicka quarry, Czechoslovakia.

The channeled dorsum and nonreticulated area 

around the margins suggest that this may belong to an 

undescribed genus.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Amphissella? calceolae (Giirich), 1896

Primitia calceolae Giirich, 1896, Russ. K. min. Gesell., St. Petersburg, Verh., ser. 2, v. 32, p. 384, pi. 14, figs. 6a, b. Middle 

Devonian, Skaly, Poland.

Roundyella calceolae (Giirich). Pfibyl, 1953, Czechoslovakia 

Stat. Ustf. list, geol., Sbornik, v. 20, Paleont, p. 255, 297, 

330, pi. 5, figs. 1-13, text fig. 4. Givetian, GrzegorzewiceSkaly, St. Croix Mountains, Poland.

Characterized by large size, 1 mm in length. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Amphissella fimbriamarginata (Gibson), 1955

Roundyella fimbriamarginata Gibson, 1955, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 35, no. 154, p. 11, pi. 2, fig. 11. Cerro Gordo 

formation, clay pit. Rockford Brick and Tile Co., Rockford, Iowa.

Geologic range. Upper Devonian.

Amphissella genetiva (Morey), 1935 

Plate 7, figures 5-7, 13, 14

Amphissites genetivus Morey. Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, p. 

320, pi. 28, fig. 4. Basal Mississippian sandstone (may 

be reworked Devonian), 3 miles north of Williamsburg, 

Mo.

"iAmphissites genetivus Morey, 1935. Loranger, 1954, Western 

Canada sedimentary basin: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 197, pi. 2, figs. 25, 26. Ireton shale member, 

Woodbend formation, Imperial Egremont No. 1 well, 

3,200-3,209 ft., Alberta, Canada.

lAmpliissltes peculiaris Morey, 1935, idem, p. 319, pi. 28, fig. 3. 

Same locality as above.

Both species are from the same locality and are very 

likely conspecific. The type of A. pecicliaris is not 

as well preserved as that of A. genetiva.

Geologic range. Upper Devonian or Lower Mississippian.

Amphissella papillosa Stover, 1956

Amphissella papillosa Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, 

p. 1134, pi. 119, figs. 11, 12. Windom shale, western 

New York.

tAmphissites simplicissimus Knight. Coryell and Malkin, 1936, 

Am. Mus. Novitates, no. 891, p. 4, figs. 11, lla. Widder 

beds, Hamilton group, Arkona, Ontario, Canada.

?Genus undet. aff. Rounduella Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 19, pi. 4, fig. 8. Devonian, Thedford, Ontario, Canada.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 149

Amphissella? tenuis (Warthin), 1934

Amphissites tenuis Warthin, 1934, Michigan Univ., Mus. 

Paleontology, Contr., v. 4, no. 12, p. 215, pi. 1, fig. 13. 

Upper Gravel Point stage, zone 6, bed 3, calcareous shale, 

Charlevoix Rock Products Co., sec. 33, Charlevoix 

County, Mich.

The subquadrate outline suggests that the type of 

this species might be an immature individual of some 

other genus.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Amphissella? sp. A

Roundyellat sp. A. Krommelbein, 1954, Senckenbergiana, v. 43, 

p. 256, pi. 2, fig. 12. Givetian, Paffrather Mulde, Germany.

The single specimen is corroded, but the illustration 

suggests a marginal frill.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Genus DORACLATUM Stover, 1956

Doraclatum Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1136. 

Amphissites Girty. Coryell and Malkin, 1936 [part], Am. Mus. 

Novitates, no. 891, p. 5.

Type species. Original designation, D. compandium 

Stover, 1956 (=D . conatus? (Coryell and Malkin), 

1936), Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, p. 1136, pi. 119, figs. 

1-5. Windom shale, New York.

Diagnosis. Differs from Amphissella Stover, 1956, 

by possessing a dorsocentral node.

Discussion As stated by Stover (1956, p. 1137), the 

type of this species is very close to, and may be conspecific with, Amphissites conatus Coryell and Malkin, 

1936. Unfortunately, the type of A. conatus is not 

available for comparison; consequently, Stover made a 

new species for his specimens. In this revision, the 

former species is given priority, and Stover's species 

is recorded as a possible junior synonym.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Lithology. Shale.

Habitat. Marine.

Doraclatum conatus (Coryell and Malkin), 1936

Amphissites conatus Coryell and Malkin, 1936, Am. Mus. Novitates, no. 891, p. 5, flgs. 12, 12a. Widder beds in the 

Hamilton group, Ausable River, iy2 miles east of Arkona, 

southeastern part of Bosanquet township, Lambton 

County, Ontario, Canada.

IDoraclatum compandium Stover, 1956. Jour. Paleontology, v. 

30, p. 1136, pi. 119, figs 1-5. Windom shale, western New 

York.

So far as can be determined from the descriptions 

and the illustrations, the two are conspecific. 

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

Family SCEOBICULIDAE Posner, 1951

ScroMculidae Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.-Issled. 

Geol.-Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no 56, p. 52.

Diagnosis. Subquadrate or suboval small straighthinged inequivalved, reticulated ostracodes. Tongue 

and groove hingement slightly impressed. Subcentral 

roseate muscle scar. No marginal ridges.

Discussion. This family was described to include 

only the Lower Carboniferous genus Scrolicula Posner, 

1951. Based on the position of the muscle scar, the 

orientation of Scrobicula should be reversed 180°. One 

of the species, Scrobicula cincinnata Posner, 1951, belongs in Roundyella Bradfield, 1935. The North American Middle Devonian species Roundyella^. concentrica 

Stover, 1956, belongs to Scrolicula.

Geologic range. The stratigraphic range of this 

family is Middle Devonian (?), Mississippian-Permian.

Genus ROUNDYELLA Bradfield, 1935

Roundyella Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no.

73, p. 66.

Cooper, 1946, Illinois Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 108. 

Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 19. 

Amphissites Knight, 1928 [part], Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, p.

258.

Scaberina Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73. 

p. 67.

Type species. Original designation, Amphissites 

simplicissinnw Knight, 1928, Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, 

p. 266, pi. 32, figs, lla-d; pi. 34, fig. 6. Middle Pennsylvanian, Missouri.

Diagnosis. Straight-backed, reticulated or papillose 

small ostracodes with subcentral smooth muscle spot, 

and without marginal ridges.

Discussion. See Sohn (1954, p. 19).

Geologic range. Mississippian-Permian. Figure 31 

shows the stratigraphic range of species in Roundyella.

Lithology. Shale, limestone.

Hob itat. Marine.

Eoundyella bellatula Bradfield, 1935

Ronndyella bellatiila Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, 

v. 22, no. 73, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 11. Dornick Hills formation, 

shale below Otterville limestone, main gully, 200 yd south 

of north line, and one-fourth of a mile west of east line 

of see. 12, T. 3 S., R. 2 E., 2 miles northwest of Berwyn, 

Carter County. Okla. 

Geologic range. Lower Pennsylvanian.

Eoundyella cincinnata (Posner), 1951

Scrobicula cincinnata Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch.- 

Issled. Geol.-Razv. Inst.. Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 56, pi. 

7, fig. 5. Lower Carboniferous, Russia.

Differs from all other species by having scattered 

spines restricted to the periphery of the valves. 

Geologic range. Lower Carboniferous.

Roundyella dorsopapillosa Sohn, 1954

Roundyella dorsopapillosa Sohn, 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 264-A, p. 19, pi. 1, figs. 20-26; pi. 4, figs. 14, 22.
150 AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND BELATED GENERA

NUMBER OF SPECIES AND LOCALITIES

0 10

LOWER 

PERMIAN

PENNSYLVANIAN

MISSISSIPPIAN

Upper

Middle

Lower

Upper

Lower

i 

i i

xxxxx3<] 3

1 1

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1

1

1 i?

EXPLANATION

1

n Number of species 

stricted to systen 

part of system

Number of species recorded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Lower Mississippian

Number of species re 

corded in system or part 

of system, the types of 

which are from the 

Middle Pennsylvanian

Number of localities or 

stratigraphic levels from 

which the species are 

recorded

FIGURE 31. Stratigraphic range and frequency of distribution by geographic locality, or stratigraphic levels at the same locality, of species 

in Roundyella.

Upper Leonard or lower Word formation, silicifled limestone, Hess Canyon quadrangle, Glass Mountains, Brewster County, Tex.

Geologic range. Permian.

Roundyella mopacifa Benson, 1955

Roundyella, mopacifa Benson, 1955, Jour. Paleontology, v. 29, p. 

1037, pi. 107, figs. 4-6, 8, 10. Fern Glen formation, railroad cut near Fern Glen Station, SE^SE1^ sec. 14, T. 

44 N., R. 4 E., St. Louis County, Mo.

"iRoundyetta simplicissima (Knight). Brayer, 1952, Jour. Paleontology, v. 26, p. 172, pi. 28, figs. 8a, b. Salem limestone, 

roadcut, west side Missouri Highway 21, about one-fourth 

of a mile north of Meramec River bridge, St. Louis 

County, Mo.

Geologic range. Mississippian.

Roundyella nodomarginata (Bradfield), 1935

Plate 9, figure 45

Scaberina nodomarginata, Bradfield, 1935, Bull. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 73, p. 67, pi. 4, figs. 12a, b. Union Dairy

member of Hoxbar formation, railroad cut, about center 

of north line of SW^4 sec. 6, T. 5 S., R. 2 E., Carter 

County, Okla.

RoundyeHa nodomarginata (Bradfield). Sohn 1954, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, p. 19, pi. 1, fig. 19; pi. 4, fig. 

23. Union Dairy member of Hoxbar formation, SE^ 

SE&NW% sec. 6, T. 5 S., R. 2 E., Carter County, Okla.

Geologic range. Upper Pennsylvanian.

Roundyella reticulosa (Jones and Kirkby), 1886 

Cytherella (?) reticulosa Jones and Kirkby, 1886, Annals Mag.

18, p. 262, pi. 8, figs. 22a, b, 23. 

of Storr Moss, Westmoreland,

Nat. History, ser. 5, v. 

Scar limestone, north 

England.

Amphissites^ reticulosa (Jones and Kirkby). Bassler and Kellett, 1934, Geol. Soc. America Spec. Paper 1, p. 153 [list].

Geologic range. Carboniferous.

Roundyella? simplex (Girty), 1910 

Plate 9, figure 44

Kirlcbya simplex Girty, 1910, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 20, 

no. 3, pt. 2, p. 235 [no illus.]. Fayetteville shale, Fayetteville quadrangle, Arkansas.

Amphissites simplex (Girty). Bassler and Kellett, 1934, Geol. 

Soc. America Spec. Paper 1, p. 154 [list].

The only specimen of this species is an immature individual in matrix. The apparent marginal rim may 

be due to preservation, as stated in the original description (Girty, 1910, p. 235) : "Surface strongly and finely 

reticulate, except marginally, where the shell seems 

smooth and dense." Should topotype material reveal a 

marginal rim, this species would properly belong in 

Amphissella Stover, 1956, thereby increasing the stratigraphic range of Stover's genus to the Mississippian.

Geologic range. Upper Mississippian.

Roundyella simplicissima (Knight), 1928

Amphissites simplicissimus Knight, 1928, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 2, p. 2G6, pi. 32, figs, lla-d ; pi. 34, fig. 6. Shale parting in "Brown lime" in Labette shale, south bank of creek 

east of Price Road and south of Ladue Road; same 

horizon in railroad cut, 500 yd north of Manchester Ave., 

and 200 yd west of Macklind Ave., Cheltenham district, 

St. Louis, St. Louis County, Mo.

Warthin, 1930, Oklahoma Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 67, pi. 

5, figs, la, b. Wetumka formation, 25 ft below top, 

crinoid layer, 1,100 ft south of center of the north line, 

sec. 24, T. 4 N., R. 7 E., Pontotoc County, Okla.

Coryell and Billings, 1932, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 13, 

p. 183, pi. 18, fig. 10. Wayland shale, 5, miles east and 

2,000 ft north of Cisco, along the Cisco-Eastland highway, 

Eastland County, Tex.

Upson, 1933, Nebraska Geol. Survey Bull. 8, p. 41, pi. 3, 

fig. 6a. Fourmile limestone, cut on U.S. Highway 36, 3% 

miles east of Home City, Marshall County, Kans. 

Amphissites"! simplicissimus Knight. Harlton, 1929, Texas Univ. 

Bull. 2901, p. 151, pi. 1, figs. 13a-c. Canyon group, 

marly shale and limestone, San Saba River Valley, near 

Hext, Menard County, Tex.
AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSITES, KIRKBYELLA, AND RELATED GENERA 151

Delo, 1930, Jour. Paleontology, v. 4, p. 158, pi. 12, figs. 8a, b. 

Pennsylvania!! or Permian, C. Cromwell, Winslow No. 1 

well 760-790 ft, center SE 1^ sec. 32, Texas & New Orleans Survey, Menard County, Tex.

Kellett, 1933, Jour. Paleontology, v. 7, p. 97, pi. 15, fig. 8. 

Elmdale formation, shale, near Cottonwood River Bridge, 

east of Elmdale, Chase County, Kans. 

[not] Amphissites simplicissimus Knight. Coryell and Malkin,

1936=Amphissella papillosa"! Stover, 1956. 

Roundyella simplicissimus (Knight). Johnson, 1936, Nebraska 

Geol. Survey Paper 11, p. 32, pi. 3, figs. 7, 8. Eudora 

shale member, Stanton formation, bluffs just south of the 

Burlington R.R. west of Oreapolis, sec. 32, T. 13 N., R. 

13 E., Cass County, Nebr.

Roundyella simplicissima (Knight). Cooper, 1946, Illinois 

Geol. Survey Bull. 70, p. 108, pi. 17, figs. 29-36. Shale in 

Wiley cyclothem, SW% sec. 36, T. 17 N., R. 9 W., Vermilion County, Ind.; shale at base of Brereton limestone, 

NE% sec. 8, T. 14 N., R. 5 E., Henry County, 111.

Sohn 1954, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 264-A, p 20, pi.

4, figs. 16, 19. Knight's topotypes.

[not] RoundyeUa simplicissima (Knight). Brayer, 1952=.K. 

mopacifal Benson, 1955.

Geologic range. Pennsylvanian-Permian.

Roundyella? sp.

Amphissites lutJcevichi Spizharsky, 1939 [part], in Licharew, 

B. [ed.] The Atlas of the leading forms of the fossil 

fauna USSR, v. 6, Permian: Leningrad, Central Geol. 

and Prospecting Inst, p. 195, pi. 46, fig. 10 [not fig. 9= 

Placidea lutTtevichi], Permian, Russia.

SYNONYMS, SPECIES TO BE INVESTIGATED AND 

REJECTED SPECIES OP ROUNDYELLA

angitstai Pokorny, W~>0=AmphisseUa angustai (Pokoruy),

1950. 

calceolae (Giirich). Pribyl, 1953=Amphissella'? calceolae

(Giirich), 1896. 

? concentrica Stover, lQo6=Scrobicula concentrica (Stover),

1956. 

firnbriamarginata Gibson, lQf>Z=Ampliissella fimbnamarginata

(Gibson), 1955.

klukovicentsis Pfibyl, 1955, Czechoslovakia, Ustf. ust. geol., 

Sbornik, v. 21, Paleont, p. 180, 275, pi. 2, figs. 9-11; pi. 3, 

fig. 12. Branik limestone, quarry in the valley of the 

Daleje stream, near Klukovica, Bohemia. The original 

description states that it does not have a marginal rim 

which eliminates the species from Amphissella Stover, 

1956. The presence of a posterodorsal wing suggests affinity with Nesamyslia- Pfibyl, 1955, of Middle Devonian 

age. Geologic range. Lower Devonian. 

simplicissima (Knight). Brayer, 1952=.R. mopacifal Benson,

1955.

? sp. A. Krb'mmelbein, 1954=Amp7wsseHa? sp. A (Krommelbein), 1954.

Genus SCROBICULA Posner, 1951

Scrobicula Posner, 1951, Vsesoyuz. Neft. Nauch. Issled, Geol.- 

Razv. Inst., Trudy, new ser., no. 56, p. 53.

Type species. Original designation, Cytherellal 

scrobiculata Jones, Kirkby and Brady, 1884. Carboniferous, Great Britain.

Differs from Roundyella in that the larger valve has 

a curved dorsal margin.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian(?), Carboniferous.

Lithology. Limestone, shale.

Habitat. Marine.

Scrobicula concentrica (Stover), 1956

Roundyellal concentrica Stover, 1956, Jour. Paleontology, v. 30, 

p. 1138, pi. 119, figs. 13-16. Windom shale, western New 

York.

The description and illustration of this species places 

it in Scrobicula.

Geologic range. Middle Devonian.

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152 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

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154 REVISION OF SOME PALEOZOIC OSTRACODE GENERA

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cjieflOBaTejitcKoro FeojioropasBejjoHHoro 

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INDEX

Page 

acclivitatvs, Peticestus.....______ .__- J39,140

Acknowledgments.--__.___________ 107-108 

adjunctio, Amphissites..............-__. 124,126,128

Kegelites---. 124,128; pi. 10

Aechminella. ................................. 107, in

fimbriata ...................... ...- 113

buchanani --- . 112,113,114

mammillata.... _______--.-.__-_ 114

multiloba-........................... US, 113; pi. 7

midilobata.........----_____----- .-- US

przfcscfttono.-------------------------------- 112

quadrilobata.- -_ 113; pi. 7

reticulata..........____ US

trilobita..... ..............-. .. . 113

trispinosa ......................... 112, US; pi. 7

sp.i. us

Aechmlnellidae_.-_____---_---- ...- Ill 

Albanella. -................................. 115

Alberta. - 117,123,143,148

albertensi, Amphissites......................... 123,124

allerismoides, Amphissites.-..................... 124

Knightina 124

altanodosus, Amphissites............. 116,119,, 124; pi. 8

alticostatus, Amphissites-............ 116,118,121; pi.7

altireticulatus, Amphissites.................... 124,139

Retkestus.. .............................. 124, 139

aliiretkulella, Amphissites..................... 124,139

altonodosus missouriensis, Amphissites.... ___.- 124,132

ambitus, Polytylites...................... 131,1S#; pi. 9

Amphissella...................... 115,147, 148, 150,151

angustai--...................^............ US, 151

calceolae... .............................. H8, 151

fimbriamarginata..................-------- 148, 151

genetiva.............................. 124, 148; pi. 7

genetivus...............................-.... 125

papillosa ........................... 125, 148, 151

peculiaris................................... 148

tenuis..................................... 125, 149

sp. A _ - 149, 151

Amphissites .................................... 107,

116, 120, 121, 122, 123,124, 126, 128,130, 132, 

134,137,139,141,142,148,149. 

adjunctio.. ............................... 124,128

alberterai................................. 123,124

allerismoides................................ 124

altanodosus..................... 116, 118,124; pi.8

alticostatus...................... 116, 118,121; pi. 7

altireticulatus............................. 124,139

altireticulella.............................. 124,139

altonodosus................................. 116

missouriensis......................... 124,132

amylosus............................. 124,126,127

armatus.................................. 116,124

batalinae ... ......................... 124,126

beatus.................................... 116,117

beaumontensi............................. 123,124

bellipunctus............................... 124,143

bernhageni........................ 117, 123,124,125

bicarinatus................................ 124,127

biforatus.................................. 124,132

bradfieldi................................. 124,133

bushi............................ 116, 117, 122; pi. 7

carinatus............................. 116, 118, 124

carinodus............................. 116,118, 124

[Italic numbers indicate descriptions]

Amphissites Continued Page 

carmani................_____ 116,117,123,124

centronota transsersa.................._... 119,124

centronotoides................... 116,118,124; pi. 7

centronotus................................. 116,

118, 119,120> 122,124,125,126,133,134; pi. 7 

elongatus...... _______._____ 119,124

chappelensis.L.................... 116,121,122,124

dscoensis................................. 124,135

davatus_____________________ 123,124 

conatus................................... 124,149

concavus............___________. 124,133

concentricus.........!............. ____- 124,139

confluens........... _;___________ ____-_ 124

congruens-....................... 116,121,124,135

corrensi..................................... 124

costatum........ _______________ 119

costatus...._____________.. 119, 125; pi. 8

costellifera.... _______-__._____ 124,142

cumingsi.............,.............. llQ,119i; pi. 7

dattonensis-.......................... 124,128,129

decipiens...______.___________ 124,142 

decoratus...........i..................... 123,124

deesensis____________ 116,120,124; pi. 7 

deltoideus..........____ 123,124

diadematus.........___............ 124,137,138

duvernai.................................... 124

edsonae............. _____________ 124

elongatus................................. 124,133

 116,118,124

 123,124

 - -___-.-_ 124,132

 124,135

 124,135

_-_ 124,148 

gibbosus.................................. 124,142

girtyi. ......................... 116, WO, 125; pi. 7

 124

._- ___.__ . 116,121,124 

gregeri ................................. 124,135

grovei ............................... 124,132

helenae... __________________ 123,124 

heztensis_______________ 124 

inornatus....._ ___________-_ - 124

insignis..................... 116, 120, 122,123; pi. 8

irinae..... ............................... 123,124

irregularis................................ 124,129

kellettae.. ................... ........... 124,132

Warae. __ ......._..... 123,125

kniqhti...... ... ...... ..................... 116, ISO

koehleri.............................. __ 125,135

lacrimosus.................................. 125

latinodus......................... 116,121,125,129

lineatus................................... 125,133

lunatus................................... 125,138

lutkevkht............................. 125,147,151

marginifera........................... 116,119,125

marginiferus ..___________ 116,119,121,125 

menardensis... ________________ 125 

mesocostata.---........................... 120,125

mikhailovi................................. 125,127

mimicus................................ . 125,142

minuta................................... 125,135

minutus........ ........................ 125,135

miteri.......................... 116, 120, 125; pi. 8

monomastadis............................. 125,129

Amphissites Continued Page 

mosquensii... ........................ 116,119,125

nodosulcatus _._ __________ 116, ISO; pi. 8 

nodosum. ......_______________ 125,133

nodosus....................... 116,119,123,125,133

obesus-... .-----. -. 125,141,142

oblonga..................................... 125

oblongus transversus......................... 125

ohioensis___________________ 125,139 

ornatus................................... 123,125

parallelus................................. 125,138

parvus................ ............... 116,119,125

peculiaris... .. ........................ 125,148

permiana.. _________________ . 125 

pinguis................................... 125,135

planoventralis.................. 116, ni, 125; pi. 8

planus........ ........................... 125,140

primaevus................................. 125,140

pulcher.................................... 116,121

quadratus............................. 116,122,125

radiata.................................... 125,133

ramicosus................................. 123,125

remeii............................. 116, 181; pi. 11

reticulatus......................... 116, 181; pi. 8

reticulosa................................. 125,150

retiferus.................................. 125,140

ringwoodensis..---..................____ 125

robertsi............................. 116,121; pi. 8

robustus.............................. 116, 119,125

flabettuli ........................... 120,125

radiatus... ________________ 120,125 

rothi.............................. 125,133,135,136

rotundus.................................. 125,142

missouriensis......................... 125,132

roundyi............................... 125,129,136

rowei..................................... 125,137

rugosus.... 115,116,119, 121, 122,124,125,126; pi. 7

sdtulus................................... 123,125

semimurdlis-............................. 125,138

thafferi............................... 116, 117,125

similaris ........................... 116,119,125

similis ................................. 125,133

simplex................................... 125,150

simplexus................................. 125,136

simplicissimus................ 125,148,149,150,151

simplus. .................................. 136

sinensis .............................. 123,125

spinosus.....T ______________. 124,125

subcentronotus............................ 124,125

subinsignis.......................... 116, 122; pi. 8

subleneatus................................. 125

sublineatus............................... 125,134

subquadratus ---....................... 125,138

suUivanensis.............................. 125,136

superus. ................ ............ 125,133

tenuis................................ . 125,149

texanus..................................... 125

transversus............................ 116,119,125

tricollina ... ...... ................ 125,134

trilobus..- ............................... 125,134

truncatus......................----- 116, 122; pi. 8

tumidus.-..-.. - 116, 122, 128,134 

ulrichi...... .................... ... 125,138

umbonatus................................ 122,125

urei.......... .......... ........ .... 116,122; pi. 8

155
160 INDEX

Page 

spinosus, Amphissites.. ___________.. 124,125

Girtyites.................................. 128,129

Kegelites.................................. 128,129

Spirifer____.______________.____ 142 

Spizhaisky, T. N. quoted..___________ 147 

Springer formation...____...___.... 119,121

Stanton formation.__.___.....___...... 151

Eudora shale member....______... 130,141

Status of ostracode classification________ 108-110 

stewartae, Kirkbyella (Berdanella) _______ 145,146; pi. 10

subcentronotus, Amphissites._..______. 124,125 

subinsignis, Amphissites................. 116,1%%; pi. 8

subleneatus, Amphissites-.____..-..-___ 125 

sublineatus, Amphissites--..--.... ......___ 125,134

Polytytttes. ......................... 131,134

subquadratus, subquadrata, Arcyzona...-- 125, 138; pi. 8

Kirkbya....-............................... 138

Amphissites__________,_______ 125,138 

sulcata, Kirkbyella............................ 144,145

suUivanensis, Amphissites-__...._....._. 125,136

Ectodemites............................... 128,136

Shleesha..-........................ 125, 136; pi. 11

superus, Amphissites-.-.---...______... 125,133

Polytylites ----.-- 125,130,131, 133, 134; pi. 9

svinordensis, Nodella.. _,_-____,-______--.____-__ Ill

Sylamore sandstone..________....____ 144

Tatarian stage____________...__.. 147

Tennessee...._______________-- 145,149

Benton County..-_____.________ 138 

Decatur County......- .....---....._... 140,146

Henry County.._..__.._..___... 147 

tennis, Amphissella... ______._______... 125,149

Amphissites--- ... .___.________ 125

texana, Knightina________________ 125

texanus, Amphissites-_______..__._ 125 

Texas.................... 114,119,120,122,127,136, J43

Brewster County .. ........- . 132,141,150

Brown County..._._....____.___ 110

Eastland County............ ....... 118,129,150

El Paso County............................ 110

Marathon area..._.______.._ 110

Menard County.............. 128,135,141,150,151

Palo Pinto County............... 118,120,129,135

San Saba County..................... 121,127,130

Schleicher County......__.. ......... 118,120

Shackelford County........................ 135

Stephens County_____________ 110 

Young County-. ..._....._..... 118,129,144

Page

Third Bone bed, Delaware formation_ ____ 146 

Thunder Bay series, Traverse group............ 147

torn, Kirkbyella-.-.--_............._...... 144,147

transversa, Amphissites centronota............. 119,124

Kirkbya oblonga............ .-.._____.. 123

Kirkbyella bellipuncta.. _________.....__ 144

transversus, Amphissites____.-....---.._. 116,119,125

Amphissites oblongus....__________ 125 

Traverse group, Thunder Bay series__ ___ 147 

Tribolbina carnegiei--. ...________... 113

gigantea..... ____------_----_-..--__.--._._- 113

tricollina, Amphissites.________.__..__ 125,134

Krikbya.................................... 134

Polytylites... ...................... 125

trkollinus, Polytylites..................... 131,132, _.i4

trilobata, Aechminella,--......................... 113

Bowseaa... . ... ................ 112,113

trilobus, Amphissites-- _________..__.___ 125,134

Polytylites----..-.- 119,125,131, 133, 134; pis. 9, 11

trispinosa, Aechminella..... _____... 112, 113, pi. 7

truncata, Kirkbyella-------------------.--------- 145

truncatus, Amphissites-. __..____ 116, 199; pi. 8 

tumidus, Amphissites---- _______ 116, 199, 128, 134

Ectodemites.------ ------_... ... 122,128

typa, Kirkbyella - - . 143,144

Kirkbyella (Krikbyella). ......... 144; pi. 12

U

Uddenites member, Wolfcamp formation____ 110 

ulrichi, Amphissites.......____. ..__ 125,138

Arcyzona. _________._____________ 125, 138

umbonata, Beyrichia, ..._._..______--.-_. 124

radiata, Kirkbya..................... .... 133

umbonatus, Amphissites.... ...____....__ 122,125

undulata, Kirkbyella.,-......__..____... 145

unicornis, Kirkbyella --- ____________ 145,146

Krikbyella (Berdanella) ___....... 145, 146; pi. 10

Union Dairy member, Hoxbar formation.__ 135,150 

Union Valley sandstone_____________ 110,123 

upsoni, Kegelites-...... __________... 130; pi. 10

Kirkbyites................................ 128,130

urei, Amphissites------................. 116, 199; pi. 8

Kir\tb]}a.................................... 122

Vandusen cyclothem, Lowellville member.... 121,129 

Poverty Run member 129

Page 

vanniae, Amphissites. ............... 116, 123, 125; pi. 8

missouriensis, Amphissites-........... 123,126,132

ventricosa, Kirkbyella-. ______________ 144

Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella)..-............. 144; Pl=- 10

Primitiella.. ..._.. __._...__..._ 144

eerrucosus, Amphissites................... 116,119,126

verticalis, Kirkbyella..... ____________.. 145,146

Kirkbyella (Berdanella) . 144,145, 148; pi. 10,12 

Vienna formation.._____________ 130,142,146 

Vienna shale _.....__._........._ 110,132,134

Volganella lutkevitchi............................ 147

Volganelidae..__________________ 147

W 

Waldronites biltmorensus........... __ 113

Wanakah shale member, Ludlowville formation. 137 

wapanuckaensis, Amphissites.............__ 126,130

Kigelites. . .................. 126, ISO, 134; pi. 7

Polytylites........................._...... 130

Wapanucka limestone. . 119,121,122,130,133,136 

warei, Amphissites .._______..____.. 126,127

Ectodemites . ................. 12S, 117, 128; pi. 10

Warthin, quoted.._________.._____ 147 

Wayland shale.. . 118,128,143,150

Wayland shale member, Graham formation.... 118

weaveri, Amphissites... _______-__ 116,121,126 

West Virginia-- - 129,139

Wetumka formation..___-----------_ 118,120,150

wewokana, Knightina..... ____________ 126

wewokanus, Amphissites........................ 126

White Mound. (See Haragan marl.) 

Widder beds, Hamilton group.._____ 146,148,149 

Wiley cyclothem. __________ 151 

wilsoni, Amphissites ___ -...- 126,134

Polytylites .................., 126,131, 134; pi. 9

Windom shale.. . 137,144,146,147,148,149,151 

Wolfcamp formation.......__._.__ 114,120,128

Wolfcamp formation, Uddenites member 110 

Woodbend formation, Ireton member.... 143,148

Woodbury cyclothem..._______.---.__ 118 

wordensis, Aurikirkbya-.....------------------ 140, 141

Kirkbya--..- ... ..... ..... ... ... ... ...... 140,141

Word formation 120,132,141,150

Wreford formation... 113,135

Wreford limestone... ______ .. .. 119 

Wyoming.. ............._..... 112,113

Freemont County______________ 121,127

Zaspelova, V. S., quoted_......__ ... 111

o
PLATES 7-12
PLATE 7

[Except where noted, all magnifications are approximately X 30; photographs are by N. W. Shupe]

FIGURES 1-4. Amphissites alticostatus Bradfield, 1935 (p. 116).

1-3. Right, dorsal and dorsal views of carapace with the specimen tilted. Figured specimen USNM

119817, Graham formation, Texas. USGS loc. 2967-PC. 

4. Left valve. Holotype Indiana Univ. 2153, Dornick Hills formation, Okla. 

5-7, 13, 14. Amphissella genetiva (Morey), 1935 (p. 148).

5-7. Dorsal, left, and ventral views of carapace. Holotype Missouri Univ. 0.1002-5, Sylamore sandstone (probably reworked Devonian), Williamsburg, Mo. 

13, 14. Dorsal and left views of best of 3 "syntypes" of Amphissites peculiaris Morey, 1935. Paratypes

Missouri Univ. 0.1002-4. Same locality as above. 

8-10. Amphissites centronotus (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906 (p. 118).

Dorsal, left and ventral views of carapace. Holotype USNM 35628, Cottonwood shale, Kansas. 

11, 12. Arcyzona diademata (Van Pelt), 1933 (p. 138).

Lateral and inside views of right valve X 60. Figured specimen USNM 136373, Bell shale, Michigan.

Donated by R. V. Kesling. 

15, 16. Mammoides dorsospinosa Sohn, n. sp. (p. 114).

Dorsal and left views of carapace. Holotype USNM 119818, Brownwood shale, Texas. USNM loc. 1086. 

17-20. Mammoides cooperi Sohn, n. sp. (p. 114).

17-19. Lateral, dorsal and interior views of right valve. Holotype USNM 119820, Helms shale, Texas.

USGS loc. 10890-PC.

20. Dorsal view of crushed carapace. Paratype USNM 119822, Helms shale, Texas. USGS loc. 10890- 

PC.

21. Amphissites cumingsi Bradfield, 1935 (p. 119).

Left valve. Holotype Indiana Univ. 2155, Dornick Hills formation, Oklahoma.

22. Amphissites girtyi Knight, 1928 (p. 120).

Right valve, cleaned by converting to fluorite. Figured specimen USNM 119823, Wolfcamp formation,

Texas. USGS loc. 7047-PC. 

23, 24. Amphissites deesensis Bradfield, 1935 (p. 120).

Dorsal and right views of holotype. Indiana Univ. 1997, Deese formation, Oklahoma. 

25, 26. Amphissites centronotoides Geis, 1932 (p. 118).

Left and dorsal views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-325, Salem limestone, railroad cut in Spergen

Hill, Norris, Ind. 

27-29. Aechminella multiloba (Jones and Kirkby), 1886 (p. 112).

27. 27a. Interior of left valve and hinge of left valve X 60 that were cleaned by converting to fluorite. 

Figured specimens USNM 119824, 119824a (broken valve).

28. 29. Dorsal and right views of carapace X 60. Figured specimen, probably topotypes from Jones

collection, USNM 119825, Hosie limestone, Mousewater in Lanarkshire, Scotland. 

30. Aechminella quadrilobata (Morey), 1935 (p. 113).

Left view of carapace. Holotype Missouri Univ. 0.1027-4, Amsden formation, Cherry Creek, Wyo. 

31-33. Mammoides n. sp. 1 (p. 114).

Left, dorsal, and right views of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 119826, Wolfcamp formation, Texas.

USGS loc. 7047-PC. 

34. Mammoides mammillata Bradfield, 1935 (p. 114).

Lateral view of right valve. Holotype Indiana Univ. 2004, Deese formation, Oklahoma. 

35-38, 41-43. Amphissites rugosus Girty, 1910 (p. 121).

35. Lateral view of left valve. Holotype of A. chappelensis Roundy, 1926, USNM 119285, Barnett

shale, Texas. 

36-38, 41. Left, ventral, dorsal, and posterior views of carapace. Roundy's lectotype, USNM 118485,

Fayetteville shale, Arkansas. 

42, 43. Dorsal and lateral views of right valve. Holotype of A. golcondensis Croneis and Gale, 1939,

Walker Mus. 44416, Golconda limestone, Illinois. 

39, 40. Aechminella trispinosa Harlton, 1933 (p. 113).

Dorsal and lateral views of left valve. Holotype USNM 85544, Johns Valley shale, Oklahoma. 

44, 45. Amphissites sp. undet. (p. 115).

Ventral and left views of a partly abraded specimen that shows fluting on marginal ridge. USNM 119827,

Carboniferous, western Scotland, Jones Collection. 

46, 47. Amphissites bushi Harlton, 1933 (p. 117).

Dorsal and lateral views of right valve. Lectotype USNM 85554, Johns Valley shale, Oklahoma. 

48-49. Kegelites wapanuckaensis (Harlton), 1929 (p. 130).

Lateral and dorsal views of right valve. Holotype USNM 79359, Wapanucka limestone, Oklahoma. 

50-51. Kegelites harltoni Cooper, 1946 (p. 129).

Dorsal and left views of Harlton's specimen Amphissites sp. Harlton, 1933. Figured specimen USNM 

85551, Johns Valley shale, Oklahoma.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330 PLATE 7

38 48 49 uu 51 

AECHMINELLA, AMPHISSELLA, AMPHISSITES, ARCYZONA, KEGELITES, MAMMOIDES
PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330 PLATE 8

44 47 51 52 

AMPHISSITES, AMPHIZONA, ARCYZONA , AURIKIRKBYA ,"ECTODEMITES"
PLATE 8

[Except where noted all magnifications are approximately X30; photographs are by N. W. Shupe]

FIGURES 1-5. Amphissites urei (Jones), 1859 (p. 122).

1-3. Right, dorsal, and left views of a carapace with a single costa. Figured specimen USNM 119830,

Carboniferous, western Scotland. Jones Collection. 

4-5. Dorsal and left views of a carapace having a V-shaped costa. Figured specimen USNM 119831,

Carboniferous, western Scotland. Jones Collection. 

6-8. Amphissites subinsignis Sohn, n. sp. (p. 122).

Dorsal, left, and right views of carapace. Holotype USNM 119832, shale in Helms formation, Texas.

USGS loc. 10890-PC. 

9, 10, 12-15. Amphissites insignis Croneis and Thurman, 1939 (p. 120).

9, 10. Dorsal and lateral views of a right valve. Figured specimen USNM 119834, Helms formation,

Texas. USGS loc. 10889-PC. 

12-15. Outside and inside views of two right valves, note horizontal costae below dorsal shields. Figured

specimens USNM 119836, 119837, Helms formation, Texas. USNM loc. 3069-2. 

11. Amphissites n. sp. (p. 123).

Left valve, abraded specimen. Figured specimen USNM 119835, Union Valley sandstone, Oklahoma.

USGS loc. 11096-PC. 

16-19. Amphissites reticulatus Geis, 1932 (p. 121).

Right, left, ventral, and dorsal views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-330, Salem limestone,

Old Cleveland Quarry, Harrodsburg, Ind. 

20-22. Amphissites altanodosus Geis, 1932 (p. 116).

Dorsal, right, and ventral views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-327, Salem limestone, Spergen

Hill, Norris, Ind. 

23-26. Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935 (p. 121).

23, 24. Dorsal and left views of carapace. Lectotype Missouri Univ. OS-1027-3.

25-26. Ventral and right view of carapace. Paratype Missouri Univ. OS-1027-3, Amsden formation,

Wyoming. 

27, 28. Amphissites miseri Harlton, 1933 (p. 120).

Dorsal and right views of right valve. Holotype USNM 85553, Johns Valley shale, Oklahoma. 

29, 30. Amphissites nodosulcatus Geis, 1932 (p. 120).

Dorsal and left views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-329, Salem limestone, Spergen Hill, Norris,

Ind. 

31-35. Amphizona asceta Kesling and Copeland, 1954 (p. 137).

31. Inside of a right valve. Topotype USNM 137540, Wanakah shale, New York.

32. Right valve, paratype, Kesling and Copeland (1954, pi. 2, fig. 15), Michigan Univ. 30603, Wanakah

shale, roadside exposure, 2 miles southeast of East Bethany, N.Y 

33-35. Dorsal, right, and ventral views of carapace. Paratype Kesling and Copeland (1954, pi. 1, figs.

10, 11), Michigan Univ. 30588, Wanakah shale, New York. 

36. "Ectodemites" primus? Cooper, 1941 (p. 127).

Left view of a crushed specimen of Kirkbya oblonga var. fig. 4 Jones and Kirkby (1885), Figured specimen

USNM 119856, Carboniferous, western Scotland, Jones Collection. 

37-39. Arcyzona subquadrata (Ulrich), 1891 (p. 138).

Dorsal, lateral, and inside of right valve. Figured specimen USNM 116372, Middle Devonian, Thedford,

Ontario. 

40-43. Amphissites truncatus Sohn, n. sp. (p. 122).

40, 41. Left and dorsal views of young growth stage. Paratype USNM 119839. This specimen broke in

handling, and only a fragment is preserved. 

42, 43. Dorsal and lateral views of right valve. Holotype, USNM 119840, upper Kinderhook or lower

Osage formation, Missouri. USGS loc. 12847-PC. 

44. Amphissites costatus Roth, 1929 (p. 119).

Right view of carapace. Paratype USNM 80189A, Wapanucka limestone, Oklahoma. 

45-47. Amphissites planoventralis Geis, 1932 (p. 121).

Ventral, dorsal, and right views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-323, Salem limestone, railroad

cut at Spergen Hill, Norris, Ind. 

48-50. Aurikirkbya kellettae (Harlton), 1929 (p. 141).

Dorsal, lateral, and inside views of left valve. Holotype of Knightina kellettae Bradfield, 1935, Indiana

Univ. 2154, shale below Otterville limestone, Oklahoma. 

51, 52. Amphissites vanniae Geis, 1932 (p. 123).

Left and dorsal views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-323, Salem limestone, railroad cut at 

Spergen Hill, Norris, Ind.
PLATE 9

[Except where noted all magnifications are approximately X 30; photographs are by N. W. Shupe]

FIGUBES 1-7, 16-18, 26. Kegelites dattonensis (Harlton), 1927 (p. 128).

1-3. Growth series, lateral views of a left and two right valves. Figured specimens TJSNM 119843,

119844, 119845. Duplicates from Bradfield's collection, loc. 5. Hoxbar formation, Oklahoma. 

4-7. Ventral, dorsal, right, and left views of carapace. Figured specimen TJSNM 119846, Wayland

shale, Texas. TJSGS loc. 4048-PC. 

16-18. Right, ventral, and left views X 60 of Girtyites spinosus Coryell and Booth, 1933. Holotype

Columbia Univ. 27544, Wayland shale, Texas.

26. Left valve. Figured specimen USNM 119847, Wolfcamp formation, Texas. TJSGS loc. 7047-PC. 

8-12. Polytylites geniculatus Cooper, 1941. (p. 132).

8-11. Ventral, dorsal, left, and right views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Geol. Survey (no number),

Vienna formation, Illinois.

12. Right valve, paratype, original of Cooper's fig. 37. Illinois Geol. Survey (no number), Renault

formation, Illinois. 

13-15. Kegelitessroundyi (Knight), 1928 (p. 129).

13. 14. Dorsal and lateral views of left valve. Topotype TJSNM 83958A, "Brown lime" in Labette shale,

Missouri.

15. Lateral view of left valve. Lectotype TJSNM 116708A, "Brown lime" in Labette shale, Missouri. 

19-21. Polytylites wilsoni (Croneis andGutke), 1939 (p. 134).

19, 20. Dorsal and right views of carapace. Figured specimen TJSNM 119848, Pella Beds, Iowa. TJSGS

loc. 5793-PC. 

21. Right view of young growth stage. Figured specimen TJSNM 119849, Renault formation, Illinois.

TJSGS loc. 12844-PC. 

22, 23. Polytylites nodobliquus (Croneis and Gale), 1939 (p. 133).

Dorsal and right views of carapace. Holotype Walker Mus. 44424, Golconda formation, Illinois. 

24, 25. Polytylites quincollinus (Harlton), 1929 (p. 133).

Ventral and left views of carapace. Holotype TJSNM 79360, Fayetteville shale, Arkansas. 

27, 28. Polytylites superus (Croneis and Gale), 1939. (p. 133).

Left and dorsal views of carapace. Holotype Walker Mus. 44421, Golconda formation, Illinois. 

29-31. Polytylites trilobus (Croneis and Gale), 1939 (p. 134).

29, 30. Ventral and lateral views of left valve. Figured specimen TJSNM 119850, Vienna shale, Illinois. 

TJSGS loc. 12842-PC.

31. Left view of Ulrich's specimen of Kirkbya tricollina Jones and Kirkby. Figured specimen USNM

41357, Chester group, Kentucky. 

32-35. Reviya costellifera (Croneis and Bristol), 1939 (p. 142).

32. Right view of holotype of Amphissites decipiens Croneis and Bristol. Walker Mus. 45119, Menard

formation, Illinois.

33-35. Inside, dorsal, and lateral views of left valve. Holotype Walker Mus. 45117, Menard formation, Illinois. 

36-39. Reviya obesa (Croneis and Gale), 1939 (p. 142).

Ventral, left, dorsal, right views of carapace. Holotype Walker Mus. 44419, Golconda formation,

Illinois. 

40-43. Polytylites ambitus (Cooper), 1941 (p. 132).

40. Left valve, young growth stage. Figured specimen USNM 119851.

41. Right valve, older growth stage. Figured specimen USNM 119852.

42. 43. Ventral and lateral views of a right valve. Figured specimen USNM 119853, silicified material, 

Helms formation, Texas. USNM loc. 3070-2.

44. Roundyella? simplex (Girty), 1910 (p. 150).

Lateral view of left valve X 60. Holotype USNM 119854, Fayetteville shale, Arkansas.

45. Roundyella nodomarginata (Bradfield), 1935 (p. 150).

Lateral view of right valve. Holotype Indiana Univ. 2019, Hoxbar formation, Oklahoma. 

46-48. Polytylitest nodosus (Roth), 1929 (p. 133).

Dorsal, right, and posterior views of carapace. Holotype USNM 80195, Wapanucka limestone,

Oklahoma. 

49-51. Reticestus'? retiferus (Roth), 1929 (p. 140).

Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of right valve. Holotype USNM 80659, either lower Haragan or the

Henryhouse formation, Oklahoma. 

52-54. Reviya mimicus (Geis), 1932 (p. 142).

Dorsal, right and left views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-317, Salem limestone, Spergen 

Hill, Norris, Ind.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330 PLATE 9

47 ^ 54

KEGELITES, POLYTYLITES, RETICESTUS, REVIYA, ROUNDYELLA
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330 PLATE 10

11 12 46 48

, "ECTODEMITES ," KEGELITES, KIRKBYELLA, PSILOKIRKBYELLA, KNOXINA1
PLATE 10

[Except where noted all magnifications are approximately X 30; photographs are by N. W. Shupe]

FIGUKES 1-12. Kegelites adjunctio (Cooper), 1946 (p. 128).

I-3. Left, ventral, and right views of carapace, young growth stage. Figured specimen USNM 119857, Uddenites 

zone, Permian, Texas. USGS loc. 7047-PC.

4. Left valve, slightly larger growth stage. Figured specimen USNM 119858, Brownwood shale, Texas. USGS 

loc. 12395-PC.

5. 6. Inside and outside views of right valve, still larger growth stage. Figured specimen USNM 119859, same

locality as figs. 1-3. 

7-10. Posterior, dorsal, right and ventral views of an adult carapace. Figured specimen USNM 119860, same

locality as above.

II-12. Inside and outside views of left valve, adult individual. Figured specimen USNM 119861, same locality

as above. 

13-16. "Ectodemites" primus Cooper, 1941 (p. 127).

Right, ventral, left, and dorsal views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Geol. Survey (no number), Kinkaid formation (probably Upper Clore formation), Illinois. 

17-20. "Ectodemites" primus"? Cooper, 1941 (p. 127).

17-20. Right, ventral, left, dorsal views of a carapace with a dorsal shield. Figured specimen USNM 119855,

Pella Beds, Iowa. USGS loc. 5793-PC. 

21-26. "Ectodemites" warei (Morey), 1935. (p. 127).

21, 22. Dorsal and right views of carapace. Paratype, Missouri Univ. 0.1027-1, Amsden formation, Wyoming.

23-26. Left, ventral, right, dorsal views of carapace. Lectotype, original of Morey's illustrated syntype,

Missouri Univ. 0.1027-1, Amsden formation, Wyoming. 

27. Arcyzona aperticarinata Kesling and Weiss, 1953. (p. 138).

Right valve, paratype, Michigan Univ. 29833, Norway Point shale, Michigan. 

28-30. Kegelites upsoni (Johnson), 1936. (p. 130).

28. Lateral view of left valve. Holotype Nebraska Univ. colln. (unnumbered), Eudora shale, Nebraska.

29. 30. Dorsal and lateral views of right valve, Paratype, USNM 99437, Eudora shale, Nebraska. 

31-33. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) quadrata (Croneis and Gutke), 1939 (p. 145).

Right, dorsal, and ventral views of carapace X 60. Figured specimen USNM 119816, Shetlerville member of the

Renault formation, Hardin County, 111. USGS loc. 12844-PC. 

34-36. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) stewartae Sohn, n. sp. (p. 146).

Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of right valve X 60. Holotype Stewart's specimen of Kirkbyella unicornis

Coryell and Malkin, original of Stewart (1950, pi. 86, fig. 14). Ohio State Univ. Geol. Mus. 19594. 

37-39. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) n. sp. (p. 146).

Interior of left valve X 30, lateral and dorsal of the same valve X 60. Figured specimen USNM 137541, Henryhouse formation, Pontotoc County, Okla. USNM loc. 472c.

40. Gen. indet. (p. 144).

Right view of carapace, syntype of Kirkbyella scapha Morey, 1935. Missouri Univ. OS-1001-4, Sylamore sand 

stone, Missouri.

41. Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) ventricosa (Swartz), 1936 (p. 144).

Rubber cast. Paratype X 60, USNM 94196, Shriver chert, Pennsylvania.

42. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) verticalis (Coryell and Cuskley), 1934 (p. 146).

Right valve. Holotype of Kirkbyella obliqua Coryell and Cuskley, 1934, X 60, Haragan shale, Murray County, 

Okla. Neotype, Am. Mus. Nat. History, Cat. No. 24217.

43. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) unicornis (Coryell and Malkin), 1936 (p. 146).

Lateral view. Holotype X 60. Am. Mus. Nat. History, Cat. No. 24619, Hamilton group, Ontario, Canada. 

44-46. Knoxinal dubia (Morey), 1936 (p. 144).

Right, dorsal, and left views. Holotype, X 60, Missouri Univ. 0.1009.2, Chouteau formation, Brown's Station, 

Mo.

47. Psilokirkbyella magnopunctata (Wilson), 1935 (p. 147).

Right view. Lectotype, X 60, USNM 112902, Birdsong shale, Henry County, Tenn.

48. Psilokirkbyella ozarkensis (Morey), 1936 (p. 147).

Left view. Holotype, X 60, Missouri Univ. 0.1010.3, Chouteau formation, Christian County, Mo.
PLATE 11

[Except where noted all magnifications are approximately X30; photographs are by N. W. Shupe]

FIGURES 1-11, 16-18, 37. Shleesha pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler), 1906 (p. 135).

1-11. Growth series. Figs. 1-5, Growth series of Amphissites pinguis (Ulrich and Bassler). Kellett, 

1933. Figured specimens USNM 85456, Cottonwood limestone, Kansas. 1, 5, Right valves; 2-4, 

left valves. Fig. 6, Right valve, figured specimen USNM 119862, Brownwood shale, Texas. USGS 

loc. 12395-PC. Fig. 7, Left valve of holotype of Amphissites ciscoensis Harlton, 1928. USNM 72237, 

Cisco formation, Texas. Fig. 8, Ventral view of adult carapace. Figured specimen, USNM 119863, 

Brownwood shale, Texas. USGS loc. 12395-PC. Fig. 9, Left view of Amphissites pinguis (Ulrich and 

Bassler). Bradfield 1935. This specimen was identified by Bradfield to replace, his figured specimen 

that is lost. Indiana Univ. 2020A, Hoxbar formation, Oklahoma. Figs. 10, 11, Dorsal and right 

views of adult. Figured specimen USNM 119864, Brownwood shale, Texas. USGS loc. 12395-PC. 

15-18. Dorsal, ventral, left, and right views. Holotype USNM 35629, Cottonwood shale, Kansas. 

37. Right view of holotype of Amphissites rothi Bradfield, 1935. Indiana Univ. 2119, Dornick Hills

formation, Oklahoma. 

12-14. Shleesha pinguoides (Croneis and Gale), 1939 (p. 136).

12, 13. Dorsal and lateral views of left valve. Holotype Walker Mus. 44422. Golconda formation,

Illinois.

14. Left valve, younger growth stage. Paratype, same slide as above. 

19-22. Reticestus planus (Wilson), 1935 (p. 140).

Ventral, dorsal, lateral, and inside views of right valve. Lectotype USNM 112892A, Birdsong formation, Tennessee. 

23, 24. Shleesha sullivanensis (Payne), 1937 (p. 136).

Left and dorsal views of carapace. Holotype Indiana Univ. 3205, Hayden Branch formation, Indiana. 

25-28. Reviya? rotunda (Geis), 1932 (p. 142).

Dorsal, ventral, right, and left views of carapace. Holotype Illinois Univ. M-317, Salem limestone,

Spergen Hill, Norris, Ind. 

29-32. Reticestus? primaevus (Roth), 1929 (p. 140).

Dorsal, ventral, right, and left views of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 136374, Henryhouse 

formation, Oklahoma. USNM loc. 472C.

33. Reticestus? concentricus (Ulrich and Bassler), 1913 (p. 138).

Lateral view of right valve. Holotype USNM 53300, Shriver chert, West Virginia.

34. Polytylites trilobus (Croneis and Gale), 1939 (p. 134).

Right view of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 119865, Vienna shale, Illinois. USGS loc.

12842-CP. 

35-36. Amphissites remesi Pokorny, 1950 (p. 121).

Dorsal and left views of carapace. Topotype USNM 135917a, Middle Devonian limestone, Czechoslovakia. 

38-39. Reticestus planus (Wilson), 1935 (p. 140).

Dorsal and right views of carapace. Paratype USNM 112892, Birdsong formation, Tennessee. 

40-43. Shleesha simplex (Roth), 1929 (p. 136).

Dorsal, right, ventral, and left views of carapace. Holotype USNM 80188, Wapanucka limestone, 

Oklahoma.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330 PLATE 11

/^^ ^^t^;,. ^f |

42 43

AMPHISSITES, POLYTYLITES, RETICESTUS, REVIYA, SHLEESHA
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

» 

.:<*

PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330 PLATE 12

33 34 

KIRKBYELLA (KIRKBYELLA) AND AT. (BERDANELLA)

31
PLATE 12

[All magnifications are approximately X 60; photographs are by N. W. Shupe]

FIGURES 1-12, 24. Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) bellipuncta (Van Pelt), 1933 (p. 143).

1-4. Dorsal and lateral views of left and right valves of Stewart's specimens, Ohio State Univ. Cat. No.

18176, Silica shale, Lucas County, Ohio. 

5-8. Dorsal and lateral views of right and left valves of Kirkbyella bellipuncta var transversa Stewart and

Hendrix, 1945. Syntypes, Ohio State Univ. Cat No. 18892, Plum Brook shale, Erie County, Ohio. 

9-12, 24. Outside and inside views of left and right valves, and inside of left valve converted to fluorite.

Figured specimens USNM 137542, 137543, 137544, 137545, 137546, Middle Devonian shale, near

Thedford, Ontario, Canada. USGS loc. 4975-SD. 

13-17. Kirkbyella (Kirkbyella) typa Coryell and Booth, 1933 (p. 138).

Lateral, ventral, and inside views of holotype; lateral and ventral views of paratype. Columbia Univ.

Paleont. Colln., Cat. No. 27545, Wayland shale, Young County, Tex. 

18-23, 29-33. Kirkbyella (Berdanella) verticalis (Coryell and Cuskley), 1934 (p. 146).

18-20. Right, dorsal, and ventral views of carapace. Holotype of K. perplexa Wilson, USNM 112903,

Birdsong shale, Decatur County, Tenn. 

21-23. Dorsal, outside, and inside of right valve. Figured specimen USNM 135747, Haragan shale,

Murray County, Okla. 

29-31. Lateral, ventral, and inside of left valve. Figured specimen USNM 135748, Haragan shale,

Murray County, Okla. 

32, 33. Inside and outside of left valve. Paratype of K. perplexa Wilson, USNM 112904, Birdsong shale,

Decatur County, Tenn. 

25-28, 34. Kirkbyella? (Berdanella?) devonica (Gibson), 1955 (p. 145).

25, 26. Ventral and lateral views of left valve. Paratype USNM 123105. Cerro Gordo formation, Iowa. 

27, 28, 34. Outside, inside, and anterior of right valve. Holotype USNM 123104, Cerro Gordo formation,

Iowa.

330

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Revision of Some Paleozoic 

Ostracode Genera

By I. G. SOHN

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 330

CO

!
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Thomas B. Nolan, Director
CONTENTS

Page

(A) Paleozoic species of Bairdia and related genera____________________________________________ 1

(B) Aechminella, Amphissites, Kirkbyella, and related genera_____________________________________ 107

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1962 O -553639