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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

CHAPTER 1B—INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1-1

1.1 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR A NEW PINEDALE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN.............................................. 1-2

1.2 READER’S GUIDE ......................................................................................................................................... 1-3

1.2.1 Reader’s Guide to This Document ..................................................................................................... 1-3

1.2.2 Reader’s Guide to the EIS Process..................................................................................................... 1-4

1.3 AGENCY ROLES AND RELATIONSHIPS .......................................................................................................... 1-5

1.3.1 Bureau of Land Management ............................................................................................................. 1-5

1.3.2 Cooperating Agencies ........................................................................................................................ 1-5

1.4 OVERVIEW OF THE BLM PLANNING PROCESS.............................................................................................. 1-6

1.4.1 Planning Issues................................................................................................................................... 1-7

1.4.2 Planning Criteria................................................................................................................................. 1-9

1.5 RELEVANT STATUTES, LIMITATIONS, AND GUIDELINES..............................................................................1-12

1.5.1 Environmental Policy....................................................................................................................... 1-12

1.5.2 Land Use and Natural Resources Management................................................................................ 1-12

1.5.3 Air Quality........................................................................................................................................ 1-17

1.5.4 BWater Quality ................................................................................................................................... 1-17

1.5.5 Protection of Wetlands (EO 11990) ................................................................................................. 1-17

1.5.6 Cultural Resources ........................................................................................................................... 1-18

1.5.7 Hazardous Materials......................................................................................................................... 1-20

1.5.8 Wildlife............................................................................................................................................. 1-20

1.5.9 Wild Horses...................................................................................................................................... 1-22

1.6 RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER PLANS ............................................................................................................1-23

CHAPTER 2—DESCRIPTION OF THE ALTERNATIVES...................................................................2-1 

2.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.2 DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVES............................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2.1 Alternatives Development Process..................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2.2 Alternatives and Management Options Considered But Eliminated From Detailed Analysis ........... 2-3

2.3 MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE COMMON TO ALL ALTERNATIVES ..................................................................... 2-8

2.3.1 Air Quality Management.................................................................................................................... 2-8

2.3.2 Cultural Resources Management........................................................................................................ 2-9

2.3.3 Forestry............................................................................................................................................... 2-9

2.3.4 Lands and Realty Management .........................................................................................................2-10

2.3.5 Livestock Grazing Management........................................................................................................2-10

2.3.6 Minerals Management.......................................................................................................................2-11

2.3.7 Paleontology and Natural History .....................................................................................................2-13

2.3.8 Recreation and Visitor Services Management...................................................................................2-13

2.3.9 Vegetation Management....................................................................................................................2-14

2.3.10 Visual Resources Management .........................................................................................................2-14

2.3.11 Watershed and Water Quality (Surface Water and Groundwater) Management...............................2-14

2.3.12 Wild Horses Management .................................................................................................................2-15

2.3.13 Wildland Fire and Fuels Management...............................................................................................2-15

2.3.14 Wildlife and Fish Habitat Management.............................................................................................2-15

2.3.15 Special Designations and Management Areas...................................................................................2-16

2.3.16 Offsite Mitigation..............................................................................................................................2-16

2.3.17 Monitoring and Evaluation Plan and Activity Plan Working Groups ...............................................2-18

2.3.18 Requirements for Further Environmental Analysis...........................................................................2-20

2.4 SUMMARIES OF THE ALTERNATIVES ...........................................................................................................2-21

2.4.1 Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management.......................................................................2-21

2.4.2 Alternative 2......................................................................................................................................2-22

2.4.3 Alternative 3......................................................................................................................................2-23

2.4.4 Alternative 4......................................................................................................................................2-24

2.5 DETAILED ALTERNATIVE DESCRIPTIONS BY RESOURCE .............................................................................2-26
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2.5.1 Alternative 1......................................................................................................................................2-26

2.5.2 Oil and Gas Management Areas for Alternatives 2, 3, and 4 ............................................................2-50

2.5.3 Alternative 2......................................................................................................................................2-52

2.5.4 Alternative 3......................................................................................................................................2-73

2.5.5 Alternative 4....................................................................................................................................2-110

CHAPTER 3—AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT........................................................................................3-1

3.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 3-1

3.2 AIR RESOURCES........................................................................................................................................... 3-2

3.2.1 Climate ............................................................................................................................................... 3-2

3.2.2 Air Quality Characterization .............................................................................................................. 3-4

3.2.3 Ambient Air Quality Concentrations.................................................................................................. 3-4

3.2.4 Summary of Existing Air Quality..................................................................................................... 3-10

3.2.5 Global Climate Change .................................................................................................................... 3-10

3.2.6 Cooperative Air Quality Management ............................................................................................. 3-11

3.3 CULTURAL RESOURCES...............................................................................................................................3-12

3.3.1 Cultural Resource Types .................................................................................................................. 3-12

3.3.2 Cultural Resource Subregions .......................................................................................................... 3-15

3.3.3 Cultural Resource Management Use Allocations............................................................................. 3-17

3.3.4 Cultural Resource Concerns............................................................................................................. 3-18

3.4 FORESTRY ...................................................................................................................................................3-23

3.5 LANDS AND REALTY ...................................................................................................................................3-26

3.5.1 Surface and Mineral Ownership....................................................................................................... 3-26

3.5.2 Methods of Public Land Management.............................................................................................. 3-26

3.6 LIVESTOCK GRAZING..................................................................................................................................3-29

3.6.1 History and Setting........................................................................................................................... 3-29

3.6.2 Livestock Grazing Administration ................................................................................................... 3-29

3.6.3 Range Improvement Projects ........................................................................................................... 3-31

3.6.4 Rangeland Condition........................................................................................................................ 3-33

3.7 MINERALS...................................................................................................................................................3-36

3.7.1 Geologic History .............................................................................................................................. 3-36

3.7.2 Structure and Tectonics.................................................................................................................... 3-36

3.7.3 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................. 3-37

3.7.4 Topography ...................................................................................................................................... 3-37

3.7.5 Minerals............................................................................................................................................ 3-37

3.8 PALEONTOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY ..................................................................................................3-45

3.9 RECREATION AND VISITOR SERVICES .........................................................................................................3-49

3.9.1 Resource Setting and Description..................................................................................................... 3-49

3.9.2 Recreational Use............................................................................................................................... 3-50

3.9.3 Special Recreation Management Areas............................................................................................ 3-53

3.10 SOCIOECONOMICS .......................................................................................................................................3-54

3.10.1 Community Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 3-54

3.10.2 Social Development, Culture, and History of Communities ............................................................ 3-55

3.10.3 Economic Characteristics ................................................................................................................. 3-58

3.10.4 Property Valuation and Taxation Revenues ..................................................................................... 3-74

3.10.5 Local Economy Expenditures........................................................................................................... 3-79

3.10.6 Economic Activities Attributable to BLM Lands............................................................................. 3-79

3.10.7 Social and Demographic Characteristics.......................................................................................... 3-81

3.10.8 Environmental Justice ...................................................................................................................... 3-93

3.10.9 Community Attitudes and Beliefs .................................................................................................... 3-94

3.11 SOILS ..........................................................................................................................................................3-98

3.11.1 Soil Groups....................................................................................................................................... 3-98

3.11.2 Soil Conditions and Characteristics.................................................................................................. 3-99

3.12 TRANSPORTATION, ACCESS, AND TRAVEL MANAGEMENT........................................................................3-101

3.12.1 Basic Transportation Structure ....................................................................................................... 3-101

3.12.2 Access ............................................................................................................................................ 3-101
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3.12.3 Off-Highway Vehicle Use.............................................................................................................. 3-102

3.13 VEGETATION.............................................................................................................................................3-105

3.13.1 General Vegetation......................................................................................................................... 3-105

3.13.2 Special Status Plant Species ........................................................................................................... 3-111

3.13.3 Noxious Weeds and Invasive Plant Species ................................................................................... 3-115

3.14 VISUAL RESOURCES..................................................................................................................................3-117

3.14.1 Scenic Views.................................................................................................................................. 3-117

3.14.2 Visibility......................................................................................................................................... 3-118

3.14.3 Visual Resource Management System ........................................................................................... 3-118

3.14.4 Visual Resource Trends.................................................................................................................. 3-119

3.15 WATERSHED AND WATER QUALITY (SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER) ........................................3-120

3.15.1 Surface Water................................................................................................................................. 3-120

3.15.2 Groundwater................................................................................................................................... 3-123

3.16 WILD HORSES ...........................................................................................................................................3-124

3.17 WILDLAND FIRE AND FUELS .....................................................................................................................3-125

3.17.1 Fuel Reduction ............................................................................................................................... 3-125

3.17.2 Fire Suppression............................................................................................................................. 3-125

3.17.3 Wildland-Urban and Wildland-Industrial Interface Locations....................................................... 3-125

3.17.4 Fire Ecology ................................................................................................................................... 3-125

3.17.5 Emergency Stabilization and Rehabilitation .................................................................................. 3-126

3.18 WILDLIFE AND FISH HABITAT...................................................................................................................3-127

3.18.1 Terrestrial Wildlife......................................................................................................................... 3-127

3.18.2 Aquatic Species .............................................................................................................................. 3-141

3.19 SPECIAL DESIGNATIONS AND MANAGEMENT AREAS................................................................................3-148

3.19.1 Areas of Critical Environmental Concern ...................................................................................... 3-148

3.19.2 Other Areas With Unique Resources.............................................................................................. 3-148

3.19.3 Wild and Scenic Rivers .................................................................................................................. 3-150

3.19.4 Wilderness Study Areas ................................................................................................................. 3-150

CHAPTER 4—ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES .......................................................................4-1

4.1 ANALYSIS METHODS.................................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1 Types of Impacts ................................................................................................................................ 4-2

4.1.2 Availability of Data and Incomplete Information .............................................................................. 4-2

4.1.3 Analysis Assumptions ........................................................................................................................ 4-3

4.2 AIR RESOURCES........................................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.2.1 Assumptions....................................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.2.2 Methods of Analysis........................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.2.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives................................................................................................. 4-6

4.2.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ............................................... 4-8

4.2.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .............................................................................................................. 4-8

4.2.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .............................................................................................................. 4-8

4.2.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP .................................................................................... 4-8

4.3 CULTURAL RESOURCES................................................................................................................................ 4-9

4.3.1 Assumptions....................................................................................................................................... 4-9

4.3.2 Methods of Analysis........................................................................................................................... 4-9

4.3.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................... 4-10

4.3.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ............................................. 4-15

4.3.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 ............................................................................................................ 4-15

4.3.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 ............................................................................................................ 4-18

4.3.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP .................................................................................. 4-22

4.4 FORESTRY ...................................................................................................................................................4-26

4.4.1 Assumptions..................................................................................................................................... 4-26

4.4.2 Methods of Analysis......................................................................................................................... 4-27

4.4.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................... 4-27

4.4.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ............................................. 4-28

4.4.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 ............................................................................................................ 4-29
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4.4.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 ............................................................................................................ 4-29

4.4.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP .................................................................................. 4-29

4.5 LANDS AND REALTY ...................................................................................................................................4-31

4.5.1 Assumptions..................................................................................................................................... 4-31

4.5.2 Methods of Analysis......................................................................................................................... 4-32

4.5.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................... 4-32

4.5.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ............................................. 4-33

4.5.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 ............................................................................................................ 4-34

4.5.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 ............................................................................................................ 4-35

4.5.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP .................................................................................. 4-36

4.6 LIVESTOCK GRAZING..................................................................................................................................4-39

4.6.1 Assumptions..................................................................................................................................... 4-39

4.6.2 Methods of Analysis......................................................................................................................... 4-39

4.6.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................... 4-40

4.6.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ............................................. 4-43

4.6.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 ............................................................................................................ 4-43

4.6.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 ............................................................................................................ 4-45

4.6.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP .................................................................................. 4-47

4.7 MINERALS...................................................................................................................................................4-49

4.7.1 Leasable Minerals............................................................................................................................. 4-49

Assumptions.............................................................................................................................................. 4-49

Methods of Analysis.................................................................................................................................. 4-50

Impacts Common to All Alternatives........................................................................................................ 4-51

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ...................................................... 4-55

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ..................................................................................................................... 4-61

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ..................................................................................................................... 4-64

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ........................................................................................... 4-73

4.7.2 Locatable Minerals........................................................................................................................... 4-81

Assumptions.............................................................................................................................................. 4-81

Methods of Analysis.................................................................................................................................. 4-82

Impacts Common to All Alternatives........................................................................................................ 4-82

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ...................................................... 4-83

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ..................................................................................................................... 4-84

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ..................................................................................................................... 4-85

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ........................................................................................... 4-87

4.7.3 Salable Minerals............................................................................................................................... 4-88

Assumptions.............................................................................................................................................. 4-88

Methods of Analysis.................................................................................................................................. 4-88

Impacts Common to All Alternatives........................................................................................................ 4-89

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ...................................................... 4-90

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ..................................................................................................................... 4-91

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ..................................................................................................................... 4-92

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ........................................................................................... 4-93

4.8 PALEONTOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY ..................................................................................................4-95

4.8.1 Assumptions..................................................................................................................................... 4-95

4.8.2 Methods of Analysis......................................................................................................................... 4-95

4.8.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................... 4-95

4.8.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ............................................. 4-98

4.8.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 ............................................................................................................ 4-98

4.8.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 ............................................................................................................ 4-99

4.8.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-100

4.9 RECREATION AND VISITOR SERVICES .......................................................................................................4-101

4.9.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-101

4.9.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-101

4.9.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-102

4.9.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-105
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4.9.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-106

4.9.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-108

4.9.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-111

4.10 SOCIOECONOMICS .....................................................................................................................................4-113

4.10.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-113

4.10.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-113

4.10.3 Environmental Justice .................................................................................................................... 4-114

4.10.4 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-116

Nonmarket Impacts ................................................................................................................................. 4-119

Impacts of Boom-Bust-Recovery Cycles in the Local Economy ............................................................ 4-122

Environmental Justice ............................................................................................................................. 4-124

4.10.5 Summary of Oil and Gas IMPLAN Assumptions and Results of All Alternatives........................ 4-124

4.10.6 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-131

Impacts on Wyoming and U.S. Natural Gas Production ......................................................................... 4-131

Impacts on Regional Employment .......................................................................................................... 4-133

Impacts on Regional Income................................................................................................................... 4-134

Impacts on Tax Revenues........................................................................................................................ 4-134

Impacts on Local Government Expenditures .......................................................................................... 4-136

Impacts on Population............................................................................................................................. 4-136

Impact on Housing .................................................................................................................................. 4-137

Impacts on Community Stability and Connectiveness ............................................................................ 4-138

Impacts on Quality of Life ...................................................................................................................... 4-139

Impacts on Other Social and Community Services ................................................................................. 4-141

4.10.7 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-142

Impacts on Wyoming and U.S. Natural Gas Production ......................................................................... 4-142

Impacts on Regional Employment .......................................................................................................... 4-143

Impacts on Regional Income................................................................................................................... 4-144

Impacts on Tax Revenues........................................................................................................................ 4-144

Impacts on Local Government Expenditures .......................................................................................... 4-145

Impacts on Population............................................................................................................................. 4-145

Impacts on Housing................................................................................................................................. 4-146

Impacts on Community Stability and Connectiveness ............................................................................ 4-146

Impacts on Quality of Life ...................................................................................................................... 4-147

Impacts on Other Social and Community Services ................................................................................. 4-148

4.10.8 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-149

Impacts on Wyoming and U.S. Natural Gas Production ......................................................................... 4-149

Impacts on Regional Employment .......................................................................................................... 4-150

Impacts on Regional Income................................................................................................................... 4-150

Impacts on Tax Revenues........................................................................................................................ 4-151

Impacts on Local Government Expenditures .......................................................................................... 4-152

Impacts on Population............................................................................................................................. 4-152

Impacts on Housing................................................................................................................................. 4-152

Impacts on Community Stability and Connectiveness ............................................................................ 4-152

Impacts on Quality of Life ...................................................................................................................... 4-153

Impacts on Other Social and Community Services ................................................................................. 4-154

4.10.9 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-155

Impacts on Wyoming and U.S. Natural Gas Production ......................................................................... 4-155

Impacts on Regional Employment .......................................................................................................... 4-156

Impacts on Regional Income................................................................................................................... 4-156

Impacts on Local Government Expenditures .......................................................................................... 4-157

Impacts on Tax Revenues........................................................................................................................ 4-157

Impacts on Population............................................................................................................................. 4-158

Impacts on Housing................................................................................................................................. 4-158

Impacts on Community Stability and Connectiveness ............................................................................ 4-159

Impacts on Quality of Life ...................................................................................................................... 4-159

Impacts on Social and Community Services ........................................................................................... 4-160
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4.11 SOILS ........................................................................................................................................................4-161

4.11.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-161

4.11.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-162

4.11.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-162

4.11.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-164

4.11.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-165

4.11.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-167

4.11.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-168

4.12 TRANSPORTATION, ACCESS, AND TRAVEL MANAGEMENT........................................................................4-170

4.12.1 Transportation and Access ............................................................................................................. 4-170

Assumptions............................................................................................................................................ 4-170

Methods of Analysis................................................................................................................................ 4-170

Impacts Common to All Alternatives...................................................................................................... 4-170

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management .................................................... 4-172

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ................................................................................................................... 4-172

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ................................................................................................................... 4-173

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ......................................................................................... 4-174

4.12.2 Off-Highway Vehicle Management ............................................................................................... 4-175

Assumptions............................................................................................................................................ 4-175

Methods of Analysis................................................................................................................................ 4-175

Impacts Common to All Alternatives...................................................................................................... 4-176

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management .................................................... 4-176

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ................................................................................................................... 4-177

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ................................................................................................................... 4-178

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ......................................................................................... 4-178

4.13 VEGETATION.............................................................................................................................................4-180

4.13.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-180

4.13.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-181

4.13.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-181

4.13.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-186

4.13.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-187

4.13.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-189

4.13.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-191

4.14 VISUAL RESOURCES..................................................................................................................................4-194

4.14.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-194

4.14.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-194

4.14.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-194

4.14.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-195

4.14.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-196

4.14.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-196

4.14.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-197

4.15 WATERSHED AND WATER QUALITY (SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER) ........................................4-198

4.15.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-198

4.15.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-198

4.15.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-199

4.15.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-203

4.15.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-204

4.15.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-205

4.15.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-206

4.16 WILDLAND FIRE AND FUELS .....................................................................................................................4-208

4.16.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-208

4.16.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-208

4.16.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-209

4.16.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-210

4.16.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-211

4.16.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-211
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4.16.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-212

4.17 WILDLIFE AND FISH HABITAT...................................................................................................................4-213

4.17.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-213

4.17.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-214

4.17.3 Impacts Common to All Alternatives............................................................................................. 4-214

4.17.4 Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management ........................................... 4-228

4.17.5 Impacts Under Alternative 2 .......................................................................................................... 4-232

4.17.6 Impacts Under Alternative 3 .......................................................................................................... 4-237

4.17.7 Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ................................................................................ 4-244

4.18 SPECIAL DESIGNATIONS AND MANAGEMENT AREAS................................................................................4-249

4.18.1 Assumptions................................................................................................................................... 4-249

4.18.2 Methods of Analysis....................................................................................................................... 4-249

4.18.3 Areas of Critical Environmental Concern ...................................................................................... 4-249

Rock Creek.............................................................................................................................................. 4-250

Beaver Creek........................................................................................................................................... 4-252

Trapper’s Point........................................................................................................................................ 4-254

New Fork Potholes.................................................................................................................................. 4-255

Upper Green River .................................................................................................................................. 4-257

White-Tailed Prairie Dog ........................................................................................................................ 4-258

Miller Mountain ...................................................................................................................................... 4-260

Ross Butte ............................................................................................................................................... 4-262

CCC Ponds.............................................................................................................................................. 4-264

Wind River Front .................................................................................................................................... 4-266

4.18.4 Wilderness Study Areas ................................................................................................................. 4-267

Impacts Common to All Alternatives...................................................................................................... 4-267

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management .................................................... 4-267

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ................................................................................................................... 4-268

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ................................................................................................................... 4-268

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ......................................................................................... 4-268

4.18.5 Wild and Scenic Rivers .................................................................................................................. 4-268

Methods of Analysis................................................................................................................................ 4-268

Impacts Under Alternative 1, Continuation of Existing Management .................................................... 4-269

Impacts Under Alternative 2 ................................................................................................................... 4-269

Impacts Under Alternative 3 ................................................................................................................... 4-269

Impacts Under Alternative 4, Proposed RMP ......................................................................................... 4-270

4.19 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS .............................................................................................................................4-271

4.19.1 Impact Assessment Methodology................................................................................................... 4-271

4.19.2 Projects and Activities Considered................................................................................................. 4-272

4.19.3 Air Resources ................................................................................................................................. 4-276

Global Climate Change ........................................................................................................................... 4-279

4.19.4 Cultural Resources ......................................................................................................................... 4-279

4.19.5 Forestry........................................................................................................................................... 4-281

4.19.6 Lands and Realty Management ...................................................................................................... 4-282

4.19.7 Livestock Grazing .......................................................................................................................... 4-282

4.19.8 Minerals.......................................................................................................................................... 4-283

Leasable Minerals ................................................................................................................................... 4-283

Locatable Minerals.................................................................................................................................. 4-285

Salable Minerals...................................................................................................................................... 4-285

4.19.9 Paleontology and Natural History .................................................................................................. 4-286

4.19.10 Recreation and Visitor Services ..................................................................................................... 4-286

4.19.11 Socioeconomics.............................................................................................................................. 4-287

4.19.12 Soils................................................................................................................................................ 4-289

4.19.13 Transportation, Access, and Travel Management .......................................................................... 4-289

Transportation and Access ...................................................................................................................... 4-289

Off-Highway Vehicle Management ........................................................................................................ 4-290

4.19.14 Vegetation ...................................................................................................................................... 4-290
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4.19.15 Visual Resources ............................................................................................................................ 4-291

4.19.16 Watershed and Water Quality ........................................................................................................ 4-292

4.19.17 Wildland Fire and Fuels ................................................................................................................. 4-292

4.19.18 Wildlife and Fish Habitat ............................................................................................................... 4-294

4.19.19 Special Designations and Management Areas................................................................................ 4-297

4.20 IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENTS OF RESOURCES........................................................4-297

4.21 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE IMPACTS ...........................................................................................................4-298

4.22 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LOCAL SHORT-TERM USES AND LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY...........................4-299

CHAPTER 5—CONSULTATION AND COORDINATION ..................................................................5-1

5.1 CONSULTATION AND COORDINATION .......................................................................................................... 5-2

5.1.1 Cooperating Agencies ........................................................................................................................ 5-2

5.1.2 Coordination and Consistency............................................................................................................ 5-3

5.1.3 Native American Interests .................................................................................................................. 5-5

5.2 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION................................................................................................................................ 5-5

5.2.1 Scoping Period ................................................................................................................................... 5-6

5.2.2 Public Review of the Draft RMP EIS................................................................................................. 5-6

5.2.3 Mailing List........................................................................................................................................ 5-7

5.2.4 Newsletters......................................................................................................................................... 5-7

5.2.5 Website............................................................................................................................................... 5-8

5.2.6 Future Public Participation................................................................................................................. 5-8

5.3 DISTRIBUTION LIST...................................................................................................................................... 5-8

5.4 LIST OF PREPARERS.....................................................................................................................................5-10

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 1-1. Land and Mineral Ownership and Administrative Jurisdictions Within the Pinedale Planning Area 1-1 

Table 2-1. Public Comments and Their Treatment in the Final EIS .................................................................... 2-2 

Table 2-2. Timber Harvest Levels by Management Unit, Alternative 1............................................................ 2-30 

Table 2-3. Vegetative Manipulation Opportunities (by Prescribed Burn) ......................................................... 2-44 

Table 2-4. Habitat Guidelines for Brush Control............................................................................................... 2-44 

Table 2-5. Targeted Outcomes—Scab Creek SRMA......................................................................................... 2-60 

Table 2-6. Prescribed Setting Character—Scab Creek SRMA .......................................................................... 2-61 

Table 2-7. Targeted Outcomes—Upper Green River SRMA ............................................................................ 2-62 

Table 2-8. Prescribed Setting Character—Upper Green River SRMA .............................................................. 2-63 

Table 2-9. Targeted Outcomes—Boulder Lake SRMA..................................................................................... 2-64 

Table 2-10. Prescribed Setting Character—Boulder Lake SRMA..................................................................... 2-64 

Table 2-11. Targeted Outcomes—Scab Creek SRMA....................................................................................... 2-85 

Table 2-12. Prescribed Setting Character—Scab Creek SRMA ........................................................................ 2-86 

Table 2-13. Targeted Outcomes—Green and New Fork Rivers SRMA............................................................ 2-87 

Table 2-14. Prescribed Setting Character—Green and New Fork Rivers.......................................................... 2-87 

Table 2-15. Targeted Outcomes—Boulder Lake SRMA................................................................................... 2-88 

Table 2-16. Prescribed Setting Character—Boulder Lake SRMA..................................................................... 2-88 

Table 2-17. Targeted Outcomes—Scab Creek SRMA..................................................................................... 2-123 

Table 2-18. Prescribed Setting Character - Scab Creek SRMA....................................................................... 2-124 

Table 2-19. Targeted Outcomes—Green and New Fork Rivers SRMA.......................................................... 2-125 

Table 2-20. Prescribed Setting Character—Green and New Fork Rivers SRMA............................................ 2-126 

Table 2-21. Targeted Outcomes—Boulder Lake SRMA................................................................................. 2-127 

Table 2-22. Prescribed Setting Character—Boulder Lake SRMA................................................................... 2-128 

Table 2-23. Targeted Outcomes—CCC Ponds SRMA .................................................................................... 2-129 

Table 2-24. Prescribed Setting Character—CCC Pond SRMA ....................................................................... 2-129 

Table 2-25. Summary Comparison of Alternatives.......................................................................................... 2-153 

Table 2-26. Proposed Withdrawal Areas by Alternative.................................................................................. 2-159 

Table 2-27. ROW Avoidance and Exclusion Areas by Alternative ................................................................. 2-160 

Table 2-28. Summary of OHV Use Designations............................................................................................ 2-162 
Final EIS Table of Contents 

Pinedale RMP ix 

Table 2-29. Visual Resource Management Classification and Acreage........................................................... 2-164 

Table 2-30. Summary of Special Designations and Management Areas ......................................................... 2-164 

Table 2-31. Summary of Surface Disturabance Restrictions ........................................................................... 2-166 

Table 2-32. Areas of Fluid Mineral Lease Conditional Requirements by Hydrocarbon Potential (Approximate 

Federal Subsurface Acres) for Conventional Oil and Gas ....................................................... 2-169 

Table 2-33. Areas of Fluid Mineral Lease Conditional Requirements by Hydrocarbon Potential (Approximate 

Federal Subsurface Acres) for Coalbed Natural Gas ............................................................... 2-176 

Table 2-34. Summary Comparison of Impacts ................................................................................................ 2-183 

Table 3-1. Atmospheric Stability Class Distribution Averaged from 1999 through 2003 ................................... 3-3 

Table 3-2. Wind Direction Frequency Distribution in the Vicinity of the PAPA Averaged from 

1999 through 2003 ........................................................................................................................ 3-3 

Table 3-3. Distribution of Wind Speeds in the Vicinity of the PAPA Averaged from 1999 through 2003 ......... 3-4 

Table 3-4. Ambient Air Background Concentrations for Pinedale ...................................................................... 3-5 

Table 3-5. Maximum Measured 8-hour Ozone Concentrations for 2005–2006................................................... 3-7 

Table 3-6. Summary of Air Quality Values for the Planning Area.................................................................... 3-10 

Table 3-7. Acreage and Volume Distributions by Species for Forests within the Planning Area..................... 3-23 

Table 3-8. Vegetation Manipulations Since 1988 .............................................................................................. 3-32 

Table 3-9. Riparian Proper Functioning Condition Summary (grouped by allotment)...................................... 3-34 

Table 3-10. Paleontological Classification Descriptions.................................................................................... 3-45 

Table 3-11. Paleontological Resources Contained Within Geologic Units........................................................ 3-47 

Table 3-12. Geographic Characteristics of Study Area (2007) .......................................................................... 3-54 

Table 3-13. Population Centers.......................................................................................................................... 3-54 

Table 3-14. Change in Civilian Labor Force 1996–2007................................................................................... 3-58 

Table 3-15. Employment Trends in Wyoming and the Socioeconomic Study Area, 1990–2006..................... 3-59 

Table 3-16. Employment Trends by Industry in Wyoming and the Socioeconomic Study Area, 

2001–2006................................................................................................................................... 3-61 

Table 3-17. Industry Employment by County from 2001–2006 ........................................................................ 3-62 

Table 3-18. Mining Employment 2001–2006 .................................................................................................... 3-63 

Table 3-19. Arts and Entertainment Employment 2001–2006........................................................................... 3-63 

Table 3-20. Total Gross Earnings Trends in Wyoming and the Socioeconomic Study Area, 

1990–2006 (Thousands, Real 2006$).......................................................................................... 3-63

Table 3-21. Earning Trends by Industry in Wyoming and the Socioeconomic Study Area, 

2001–2006 (Thousands, Nominal Dollars) ................................................................................. 3-64 

Table 3-22. Industry Earnings by County, 2001–2006 (Thousands, Nominal Dollars)..................................... 3-66 

Table 3-23. Southwestern Wyoming and Wyoming Inflation Rates, Cost of Living Index, 

and Inflation Factors ................................................................................................................... 3-68 

Table 3-24. Earning Trends by Industry in Wyoming and the Socioeconomic Study Area, 

2001–2006 (Thousands, Real 2006$).......................................................................................... 3-68

Table 3-25. Industry Earnings by County, 2001–2006 (Thousands, Real 2006$) ............................................. 3-70 

Table 3-26. Mining Earnings, 2001–2006 (Thousands, Real 2006$) ................................................................ 3-71 

Table 3-27. Arts and Entertainment Earnings, 2001–2006 (Thousands, Real 2006$) ....................................... 3-71 

Table 3-28. Manufacturing Earnings, 2001–2006 (Thousands, Real 2006$)..................................................... 3-72 

Table 3-29. Average Earnings Across the Study Area and in Wyoming (2006$).............................................. 3-72 

Table 3-30. Average Real Earnings by Industry Across the Study Area (2006$).............................................. 3-72 

Table 3-31. Location Quotients, 2004................................................................................................................ 3-73 

Table 3-32. Assessed Valuation in the Study Area and in Wyoming (Nominal dollars) ................................... 3-74 

Table 3-33. Property Taxes, Mineral and Ad Valorem Tax Revenues, and Estimated Oil and 

Gas Ad Valorem Revenues, 2000–2007 (nominal dollars)......................................................... 3-75 

Table 3-34. Estimated Severance Taxes Generated in the Socioeconomic Study Area for Oil and 

Gas Production, 2001–2007 (Nominal Dollars).......................................................................... 3-76 

Table 3-35. Allocations of Federal Mineral Royalties to Local and State Governments and 

Projects, 2001–2007 (Nominal Dollars)...................................................................................... 3-77

Table 3-36. Sales, Use, and Lodging Taxes Generated by the Study Area, 2001–2006 

(Nominal Dollars) ....................................................................................................................... 3-78 

Table 3-37. PILT for the Study Area, 1995–2007 ............................................................................................. 3-78 
Table of Contents Final EIS 

x Pinedale RMP 

Table 3-38. Percentage of Agricultural Sales in Study Area Attributed to Grazing on BLM 

Lands in the Pinedale Field Office for 2002 ............................................................................... 3-80 

Table 3-39. Population Trends within the Study Area and State of Wyoming .................................................. 3-81 

Table 3-40. Personal Income Trends within the Study Area (2006$, Thousands)............................................. 3-83 

Table 3-41. Real Personal Income Changes (Based on 2006$) ......................................................................... 3-84 

Table 3-42. Real Per Capita Income Trends (2006$)......................................................................................... 3-85 

Table 3-43. Real Median Household Income Trends (2006$) ........................................................................... 3-85 

Table 3-44. Rental Units and Vacancy Rates in the Socioeconomic Study Area, 2001–2006........................... 3-86 

Table 3-45. Rental Housing Costs, 1998–20051 ................................................................................................ 3-87 

Table 3-46. Average Value of Single-Family Homes, 2000–2005 .................................................................... 3-88 

Table 3-47. Population Distribution (Percentage) by Race by County, 2000 .................................................... 3-93 

Table 3-48. Estimated Poverty Rates in the Socioeconomic Study Area........................................................... 3-94 

Table 3-49. Acreage of Vegetation Communities Within the Planning Area .................................................. 3-105 

Table 3-50. Noxious Weeds as Designated by the Wyoming Weed and Pest Control Act.............................. 3-115 

Table 3-51. Visual Resource Management Classifications and Acreage......................................................... 3-119 

Table 3-52. Water Use in the Planning Area.................................................................................................... 3-121 

Table 3-53. Big Game Crucial Winter Range and Parturition Areas ............................................................... 3-127 

Table 3-54. Big Game Population Status......................................................................................................... 3-128 

Table 4-1. Types of Impacts................................................................................................................................. 4-2 

Table 4-2. Total Number of Well Locations (Pads) by Alternative— Federal Minerals 

Only (RFD) ................................................................................................................................. 4-51 

Table 4-3. Greater Sage-Grouse Lek Buffer Acreages (116 Total Leks).......................................................... 4-60 

Table 4-4. Lands Available for Conventional Oil and Gas Development (Alternative 1) ................................. 4-61 

Table 4-5. Lands Available for CBNG Development (Alternative 1)................................................................ 4-61 

Table 4-6. Percent Change of Acres Available for Conventional Oil and Gas Development 

Under Alternative 2..................................................................................................................... 4-64 

Table 4-7. Percent Change of Acres Available for CBNG Development Under Alternative 2 ......................... 4-64 

Table 4-8. Percent Change of Acres Available for Conventional Oil and Gas Development 

Under Alternative 3..................................................................................................................... 4-73 

Table 4-9. Percent Change of Acres Available for CBNG Development Under Alternative 3 ......................... 4-73 

Table 4-10. Percent Change of Acres Available for Conventional Oil and Gas Development 

Under Alternative 4..................................................................................................................... 4-81 

Table 4-11. Percent Change of Acres Available for CBNG Development Under Alternative 4 ....................... 4-81 

Table 4-12. Primary Inputs for Socioeconomic Analysis ................................................................................ 4-114 

Table 4-13. Summary of Socioeconomic Impacts for All Alternatives ........................................................... 4-116 

Table 4-14. Well Development Projections by Alternative ............................................................................. 4-124 

Table 4-15. Estimated Production Volume by Alternative1

............................................................................. 4-125 

Table 4-16. Estimated Total Employment by Alternative1 .............................................................................. 4-126 

Table 4-17. Estimated Total Labor Earnings by Alternative (2005$, Thousands)........................................... 4-127 

Table 4-18. Types of Industries Supported by Oil and Gas Development and Production.............................. 4-128 

Table 4-19. Percentages of Employment and Labor Earnings by Type of Impact........................................... 4-130 

Table 4-20. Summary of Oil and Gas Economic Impacts Under Each Alternative (2005$) for 

Federal, State, and Other Wells................................................................................................. 4-130 

Table 4-21. Natural Gas Consumption and Production Figures (Millions of Cubic Feet)............................... 4-133 

Table 4-22. Total Estimated Mineral Tax Royalties and Taxes from the Planning Area (2005$) ................... 4-135 

Table 4-23. Natural Gas Consumption and Production Figures (Millions of Cubic Feet)............................... 4-143 

Table 4-24. Natural Gas Consumption and Production Figures (Millions of Cubic Feet)............................... 4-149 

Table 4-25. Natural Gas Consumption and Production Figures (Millions of Cubic Feet)............................... 4-156 

Table 4-26. Summary of Oil and Gas Reasonably Foreseeable Development for Public Lands 

and Mineral Estate in Southwestern Wyoming......................................................................... 4-273 

Table 4-27. Summary of Other Activities Considered..................................................................................... 4-273 

Table 4-28. Summary of Emission Increases as Estimated by the Wyoming Statewide Emission Inventory and 

BLM Emission Inventory.......................................................................................................... 4-276 

Table 4-29. Summary of 2005 Air Quality Impacts from Well-Field Related Activities in the 

Pinedale Anticline Planning Area ............................................................................................. 4-277 

Table 4-30. Summary of Potential Impacts From the Jonah Infill EIS ............................................................ 4-278 
Final EIS Table of Contents 

Pinedale RMP xi 

Table 5-1. Public Involvement, Coordination, and Consultation Events ............................................................. 5-1 

Table 5-2. Key Coordination Actions .................................................................................................................. 5-4 

Table 5-3. List of Preparers and Contributors.................................................................................................... 5-10 

LIST OF FIGURES 

Figure 3-1. Mean Monthly Temperatures in the Pinedale Region 

Figure 3-2. Mean Monthly Maximum Temperature Trend in Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-3. Mean Monthly Maximum Temperature Trend in Big Piney, Wyoming 

Figure 3-4. Mean Monthly Precipitation in the Pinedale Region 

Figure 3-5. Mean Monthly Snowfall in the Pinedale Region 

Figure 3-6. Mean Monthly Precipitation Trend in Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-7. Mean Monthly Precipitation Trend in Big Piney, Wyoming 

Figure 3-8. Mean Annual Precipitation Trend in the Pinedale Region 

Figure 3-9. Capacity to Disperse Air Pollutants in Rock Springs, Wyoming 

Figure 3-10. Wind Rose for the Jonah Field, 1999-2003 

Figure 3-11. Mean Annual Ozone Concentrations near Pinedale and in Yellowstone National Park 

Figure 3-12. Annual Visibility (dv) in Bridger Wilderness 

Figure 3-13. Visibility in Bridger Wilderness, Wyoming Reconstructed Fine Mass 

Figure 3-14. Mean Annual Precipitation pH at Three Locations near Pinedale, Wyoming, 1985-2006 

Figure 3-15. Mean Annual Wet Deposition near Pinedale, Wyoming, 1985-2006 

Figure 3-16. Mean Annual Wet Deposition at Gypsum Creek, Wyoming, 1985-2006 

Figure 3-17. Mean Annual Wet Deposition at South Pass City, 1985-2006 

Figure 3-18. Mean Annual Dry Deposition near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-19. Mean Annual Concentrations of Nitrogen Compounds near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-20. Weekly Concentrations of Nitrate near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-21. Weekly Concentrations of Ammonium near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-22. Mean Annual Concentrations of Sulfur Compounds near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-23. Weekly Concentrations of Sulfur Dioxide near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-24. Weekly Concentrations of Sulfate near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-25. Mean Annual Total Nitrogen Deposition near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-26. Mean Annual Total Sulfur Deposition near Pinedale, Wyoming 

Figure 3-27. Annual Mean Surface Temperature Difference for Northern Latitudes (24-90° N) 

Relative to the 1951-1980 Mean and the 5-year Running Mean 

Figure 3-28. Rate of Long-Term Trend Temperature Change and Precipitation Change – Full Year 

Figure 3-29. Study Area Employment Trends by Industry for 1990-2000 

Figure 3-30. Study Area Employment Trends by Industry for 2001-2006 

Figure 3-31 Earnings by Industry 1990-2000 (Real 2006$) 

Figure 3-32 Earnings by Industry 2001-2006 (Real 2006$) 

Figure 3-33. Historical Natural Gas Production in the Study Area 

Figure 3-34. Change in Housing vs. Population in Sublette County and Wyoming 

Figure 3-35. Historical Oil Production in the Study Area 

Figure 3-36. Total Emergency Medical Service Runs 

Figure 3-37. Total Fire Department Runs 

Figure 3-38. Crime Rate for Sublette, Sweetwater, and Lincoln Counties and Wyoming

Figure 3-39. Assault Cases in Sublette, Sweetwater, and Lincoln Counties 

Figure 3-40. Domestic Violence in Sublette, Sweetwater, and Lincoln Counties 

Figure 3-41. Sublette County Change in Arrests vs. Population, 1995-2004 

Figure 3-42. Perceptions of Tradeoffs Between Development and Wildlife Preservation 

Figure 3-43. Concern, Expenditure, and Participation in Outdoor Activities 

Figure 4-1. Summary of Total Potential BLM Emissions 

Figure 4-2. Average Employment by Alternative 

Figure 4-3. Total Estimated Earnings by Alternative (2005$) 

Figure 4-4. Ad Valorem Taxes by Alternative (2005$) 
Table of Contents Final EIS 

xii Pinedale RMP 

LIST OF MAPS 

Map 1-1. Pinedale Planning Area 

Map 1-2. Surface Ownership 

Map 1-3. Mineral Ownership and Federal Leases 

Map 2-1. Oil and Gas Leasing Categories – Alternative 1 

Map 2-2. Oil and Gas Leasing Categories – Alternative 2 

Map 2-3. Oil and Gas Leasing Categories – Alternative 3 

Map 2-4. Oil and Gas Leasing Categories – Alternative 4 

Map 2-5. Wild Horse Herd Area 

Map 2-6. Greater Sage-Grouse Nesting and Brood Rearing Habitats – Alternative 1 

Map 2-7. Oil and Gas Management Areas – Alternative 2 

Map 2-8. Oil and Gas Management Areas – Alternative 3 

Map 2-9. Oil and Gas Management Areas – Alternative 4 

Map 2-10. Land Tenure Adjustments – Alternative 1 

Map 2-11. Rights-of-Way – Alternative 1 

Map 2-12. Land Withdrawals – Alternative 1 

Map 2-13. OHV Designations – Alternative 1 

Map 2-14. Visual Resource Management Classes – Alternative 1 

Map 2-15. Fire Management Zones 

Map 2-16. Special Management Areas – Alternative 1 

Map 2-17. Land Tenure Adjustments – Alternative 2 

Map 2-18. Rights-of-Way – Alternative 2 

Map 2-19. Special Designations and Management Areas – Alternative 2 

Map 2-20. Visual Resource Management Classes – Alternative 2 

Map 2-21. OHV Designations – Alternative 2 

Map 2-22. Visual Resource Management Classes – Alternative 3 

Map 2-23. Land Tenure Adjustments – Alternative 3 

Map 2-24. Rights-of-Way – Alternative 3 

Map 2-25. Land Withdrawals – Alternative 3 

Map 2-26. Special Designations and Management Areas – Alternative 3 

Map 2-27. OHV Designations – Alternative 3 

Map 2-28. Greater Sage-Grouse Nesting and Brood Rearing Habitats – Alternative 3 

Map 2-29. Wild and Scenic Rivers 

Map 2-30. Visual Resource Management Classes – Alternative 4 

Map 2-31. Land Tenure Adjustments – Alternative 4 

Map 2-32. Rights-of-Way – Alternative 4 

Map 2-33. Special Designations and Management Areas – Alternative 4 

Map 2-34. Land Withdrawals – Alternative 4 

Map 2-35. OHV Designations – Alternative 4 

Map 2-36. Greater Sage-Grouse Nesting and Brood Rearing Habitats – Alternative 4 

Map 3-1. Historic Interpretive Areas and Historic Trails 

Map 3-2. Cultural Sub-regions 

Map 3-3. Withdrawals for Solid Leasable Minerals 

Map 3-4. Grazing Allotments 

Map 3-5. Major Oil and Gas Field Locations 

Map 3-6. Developed Recreation Resources 

Map 3-7. Socioeconomic Study Area 

Map 3-8. Minority Population by County 

Map 3-9. Median Household Income 

Map 3-10. Transportation Routes, Communication Sites and Corridors 

Map 3-11. Vegetation Communities 

Map 3-12. Sensitive Plant Species 

Map 3-13. Watershed Boundaries 

Map 3-14. 100-year Floodplain 
Final EIS Table of Contents 

Pinedale RMP xiii 

Map 3-15. Pronghorn Seasonal Use Areas 

Map 3-16. Big Game Migration Corridors 

Map 3-17. Mule Deer Seasonal Use Areas 

Map 3-18. Elk Feedgrounds and Seasonal Use Areas 

Map 3-19. Moose Seasonal Use Areas 

Map 3-20. Big Game Crucial Winter Range 

Map 3-21. Big Game Parturition Areas 

Map 3-22. White-tailed Prairie Dog Towns 

Map 3-23. BLM Sensitive Fish Species 

Map 4-1. Conventional Gas Development Potential through 2020 

Map 4-2. Coal Bed Natural Gas Development Potential through 2020 

Map 4-3. Oil and Gas Project Locations in Southwest Wyoming 

Map 4-4. Oil and Gas Well Locations in Southwest Wyoming 

Map 4-5. Air Quality Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-6. Cultural Resources Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-7. Forest Resources Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-8. Recreation and Visitor Services Management Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-9. Vegetation Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-10. Visual Resources Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-11. Watershed and Water Quality Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-12. Wildlife – Pronghorn Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-13. Wildlife – Mule Deer Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-14. Wildlife – Elk Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-15. Wildlife – Moose Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-16. Wildlife – Greater Sage-Grouse Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map 4-17. Special Designations and Management Areas Cumulative Impact Analysis Area 

Map A17-1. OHV Priority Areas 

Map A17-2. Transportation Routes 

LIST OF APPENDICES 

Appendix 1. Cultural Resources Management 

Appendix 2. Wyoming Bureau of Land Management Mitigation Guidelines for Surface Disturbing and 

Disruptive Activities Under Alternative 1 

Appendix 3. Mitigation Guidelines and Operating Standards Applied to Surface Disturbing and Disruptive 

Activities—Alternatives 2, 3, and 4 

Appendix 4. Area of Critical Environmental Concern Criteria 

Appendix 5. Fluid Mineral Best Management Practices 

Appendix 6. Characteristics of Old-Growth Forests—BLM Pinedale Field Office 

Appendix 7. Lease Stipulations And Standard Lease Terms (BLM Form 3100-11) 

Appendix 8. Exception and Waiver Criteria 

Appendix 9. Special Status Species 

Appendix 10. Surface Disturbance Associated with Oil and Gas Activities 

Appendix 11. Monitoring and Evaluation 

Appendix 12. Seasonal Wildlife Stipulations for All Surface Disturbing Activities 

Appendix 13. Land Tenure Adjustment Criteria 

Appendix 14. Lands Suitable for Consideration for Disposal, Exchange, and Acquisition 

Appendix 15. Standard Operating Procedures for Range Improvements and Vegetation Manipulations 

Appendix 16. Natural Resource Recreation Settings 

Appendix 17. Off-Highway Vehicle Travel Management Planning Schedule 

Appendix 18. Threatened, Endangered, and BLM Sensitive Species with the Potential to Occur in the 

Pinedale Planning area 

Appendix 19. Air Quality Technical Support Document 

Appendix 20. Range Allotment Information 

Appendix 21. Grazing Allotment Acres and Animal Unit Months 
Table of Contents Final EIS 

xiv Pinedale RMP 

Appendix 22. Probable Fossil Yield Classification 

Appendix 23. Common and Scientific Names 

Appendix 24. Wild and Scenic River Designation Process 

Appendix 25. Hazard Management and Resource Restoration Program 

Appendix 26. Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Assumptions and Methods 

Appendix 27. Response to Public Comments