NBSIR 88-3711

Guidelines and Procedures for

Implementation of Executive

Order on Seismic Safety

Charles W.C. Yancey

Joseph Greenberg

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Bureau of Standards

National Engineering Laboratory

Center for Building Technology

Gaithersburg, MD 20899

January 1988

Prepared for use by:

Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction

Sponsored by:

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Washington, DC 20472

NBSIR 88-371

GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES FOR

IMPLEMENTATION OF EXECUTIVE

ORDER ON SEISMIC SAFETY

Charles W.C. Yancey

Joseph Greenberg

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Bureau of Standards

National Engineering Laboratory

Center for Building Technology

Gaithersburg, MD 20899

January 1988

Prepared for use by:

Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction

Sponsored by:

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Washington, DC 20472

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, C. William Verity, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director

ABSTRACT

The "Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977," Public Law 95-125, was passed

by Congress to foster the reduction of life and property risks from future

earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of

an effective earthquake hazards reduction program. A proposed Executive Order

on Seismic Safety has been drafted that would implement the provisions of the

Act by requiring Federal preparedness and mitigation activities to be implemented.

The required activities would include the development and promulgation of

specifications, building standards, design criteria, and construction practices

for new and existing buildings and lifelines

The guidelines and procedures described herein have been prepared to support

the implementation of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety. It is intended

that these guidelines and procedures support the efforts of those agencies

that will have to establish risk- assessment and corrective action programs to

bring them into compliance with the requirements of Public Law 95-125.

It is recommended that each agency concerned with buildings and lifeline that

are Federally owned, leased, assisted, or regulated designate an individual or

an operating unit as the Agency Seismic Coordinator. It would be the

responsibility of the Agency Seismic Coordinator to coordinate all aspects of

the agency seismic safety program.

Key Words; Agency Seismic Coordinator; buildings; earthquake hazard; Executive

Order on Seismic Safety; Federal agencies; lifelines; seismic safety.

iii
-
1 .

0

INTRODUCTION

The "Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977" (Public Law 95-125) was

promulgated by Congress to reduce the risks to life and property from future

earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of

an effective earthquake hazards reduction program. A proposed Executive Order

has been drafted by the Interagencey Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction

(ICSSC) that would implement the provisions of the Act by requiring Federal

preparedness and mitigation activities to be implemented. Mitigation activities

would include "development and promulgation of specifications, building

standards, design criteria, and construction practices for new and existing

structures." The act also requires the examination of alternative provisions

and requirements for reducing earthquake hazards through Federal and Federally

financed construction, loans, loan guarantees, and licenses."

A copy of the draft Executive Order on Seismic Safety, along with a chart

showing an overview of the requirements of the Executive Order are included in

Appendix A of this document.

The guidelines and procedures described herein have been prepared to support

the implementation of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety. It is acknowledged

that some of the Federal agencies affected by the Executive Order already have

well established earthquake hazards reduction programs and do not require

additional guidelines to assist in the implementation of the provisions of the

above mentioned act. It is intended that these guidelines and procedures

support the efforts of those agencies that will have to establish riskassessment and corrective action programs to bring them into compliance with

the requirements of Public Law 95-125.

2 . 0 SCOPE

The scope of these implementation guidelines and procedures parallels the

scope of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety. Included are: (a) new and

existing Federally- owned buildings and lifelines; (b) building spaces leased

for Federal occupancy; (c) Federal Domestic Assistance programs for buildings

and lifelines and; (d) Federally- regulated buildings and lifelines. These

recommendations are aimed at program administrators and agency personnel who

are or will be responsible for administering, writing and revising rules,

regulations, policies and procedures to mitigate earthquake hazards.

3.0 RESPONSIBLE FOCAL POINT

To assure adequate implementation of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety, it

is recommended that each agency concerned with buildings and lifelines that

are Federally owned, leased, assisted, or regulated designate an individual as the Agency Seismic Coordinator. The Agency Seismic Coordinator would be

assigned the responsibility of coordinating all aspects of the agency seismic

safety program. It is recognized that some agencies already have one or more

persons or in some cases an operating unit assigned the responsibililty of

coordinating seismic safety activities as they pertain to buildings and

lifelines. Such existing assignments are considered consistent with the

concept of each agency having a responsible focal point for its seismic safety

1
activities. In other cases, the assignment of an Agency Seismic Coordinator

will constitute an additional set of duties. As warranted, the Agency Seismic

Coordinator may also serve as the agency's representative to the Interagency

Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC) . The Agency Seismic

Coordinator should: (1) be cognizant of all agency building and lifeline

programs falling under the scope of the Executive Order; (2) participate in

developing agency seismic safety implementation plans; (3) monitor the

execution and results of the agency's efforts in upgrading seismic safety; (4)

recommend seismic safety programmatic changes, as required; (5) document the

agency's rationale and results regarding risk analysis and cost effectiveness

studies which form the basis for the agency's seismic safety decisions; (6)

act as a focal point for the agency in maintaining necessary seismic safety

records, documents, and statistical information, and (7) provide those reports

to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, as required by Section 5 of the

Executive Order.

4 . 0 IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURES

Program implementation procedures are described below for the respective

building and lifeline categories.

4.1 NEW AND EXISTING FEDERALLY OWNED BUILDINGS AND LIFELINES

4.1.1 Scone of Application

Section 1 of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety defines a building as a

structure, fully or partially enclosed, used or intended for sheltering

persons or property. A lifeline is a system providing the functions of a

public utility or transportation facility (electrical power and communications;

oil and gas pipelines; transportation facilities; dams; and water and sewage

facilities) . New buildings and lifelines initiated subsequent to the issuance

of the Executive Order are to be designed and constructed in accordance with

appropriate seismic design and construction standards as specified by the

Executive Order [Section la; lc]^-* For existing Federal buildings and

lifelines, an earthquake risk assessment program shall be established and a mitigation program developed to schedule and correct those risks deemed

unacceptable [Section lb; Id]. Existing Federal buildings do not include

buildings acquired through foreclosure or similar action and intended to be

resold or transferred to a new Federal entity [Section lb]

All construction

of new Federal buildings and lifelines affected by the Executive Order on

Seismic Safety shall be constructed in accordance with the appropriate seismic

design and construction standards as specified by the Executive Order [Section

3a].

4.1.2. Program Implementation

The Agency Seismic Coordinator should coordinate the review of pertinent

^Sections shown in brackets refer to sections of the Executive Order - Refer to Appendix A for Draft Executive Order.

2
procurement documents (i.e. specifications, design and as -built drawings, and

calculations) to assure consistency with the seismic saftey requirements of

the Executive Order.

Existing Federally- owned buildings and lifelines under the purview of the

agency should be inventoried and a methodology should be adopted or developed

to assist in the evaluation of their earthquake resistance and to define

acceptable levels for earthquake resistance. The agency's performance

criteria should include definitions of acceptable levels of safety and what

constitutes excessive risk.

The results of the agency's building and lifeline seismic review should be

documented and the documentation maintained by the Agency Seismic Coordinator.

Adequately safe buildings and lifelines will be so identified. The buildings

and lifelines posing excessive risks should be rank- ordered as to risk and

consequences and an implementation plan developed to bring these buildings and

lifelines up to an acceptable level of earthquake resistance. The Agency Seismic

Coordinator should monitor the building and lifeline upgrading plan and be

cognizant of the upgrading schedule and status. Those buildings and lifelines

which, for any reason, cannot be made adequately safe should be identified for

removal from service. Documentation obtained during the evaluation process

and a summary of the decision-making process should be filed with the Agency

Seismic Coordinator.

4.1.3. Reporting

The Agency Seismic Coordinator should use building and lifeline census data,

documentation, and other information supplied by the agency to prepare reports

relating the seismic safety status of the agency's Federally- owned buildings

and lifelines. These reports should become a part of the agency's seismic

safety report that may be requested by the Federal Emergency Management Agency

in accordance with Section 5 of the Executive Order.

4.2 SPACE LEASED FOR FEDERAL OCCUPANCY

4.2.1. Scope of Application

Section 2. a of the Executive Order pertains to both new construction built by

a non- Federal organization for lease to a Federal agency for a specific term and

existing buildings that are being leased for Federal occupancy.

4.2.2 Program Implementation

According to Section 2.a.l of the Executive Order, a Federal agency arranging

for the construction of a privately-owned building for eventual lease to the

Government for Federal occupancy shall specify that the building be constructed

according to a set of seismic safety requirements that are at least equivalent

to those that would be specified for a new Federally- owned building. Local

building codes determined to be acceptable by the Federal agency shall be used

and augmented when necessary to achieve appropriate seismic design standards.

3
Design and construction information regarding new non- Federally- owned buildings

constructed for lease to the Federal Government should be reviewed and

maintained by the Agency Seismic Coordinator.

According to Section 2. a.

of the Executive Order, seismic safety shall be

included in the criteria for selecting among alternative leasing spaces in exist

buildings. It is understood that the sites of existing buildings may vary

over a broad spectrum, ranging from those localities where buildings are fully

compliant with requisite seismic safety standards to areas where none of the

buildings meets the Federal seismic standards because the local codes have

inadequate or no seismic safety requirements. In implementing the Executive Ord

for selecting existing buildings to be leased for Federal occupancy, the

agency should indicate its degree of compliance with the intent of the

Executive Order by documenting its building selection process, including the

factors considered and the weighting applied to the factors. Information

regarding the seismic safety of leased buildings for Federal occupancy should

be reviewed and maintained by the Agency Seismic Coordinator.

4.2.3. Reporting

The Agency Seismic Coordinator should use building census data, documentation,

and other information supplied by the agency to prepare reports relating the

seismic safety status of the agency's leased space in non- Federally- owned

buildings. These reports should become a part of the agency's seismic safety

report that may be requested by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in

accordance with Section 5 of the Executive Order.

4.3 FEDERAL DOMESTIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

4.3.1. General

Federal Domestic Assistance Programs are generally in the form of grants,

loans, and loan guarantees . Definitive programs are listed in the publication

"Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, 1985." Definitions of the specific

types of assistance have been extracted by the authors from the catalog and

are presented in Appendix B of these guidelines. Selected portions of the

index of the catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Programs are also presented

in Appendix B to assist in identifying programs with possible earthquakerelated components.

The following procedures apply to those Federal Domestic Assistance Programs

which may be covered by the scope of Section 2.b of the Executive Order on

Seismic Safety.

4.3.2. Determination of Applicability

Agencies providing grants, loans, and loan guarantees under Federal Domestic

Assistance should first review each of their existing programs to determine

the applicability of the Executive Order to the programs. New Federal

Domestic Assistance programs, as well as previously evaluated programs that

4
are substantially changed, should subsequently be evaluated against the

agency's applicability criteria.

Federal Domestic Assistance programs that clearly have no construction

component for buildings or lifelines may be classified as "NON-APPLICABLE - NON CONSTRUCTION" and a list of such programs should be provided to the Agency

Seismic Coordinator for review and maintenance.

Federal Domestic Assistance programs which have a construction component for

buildings or lifelines should be further evaluated for priority ranking in

accordance with the Executive Order, using degree of seismic hazard, human and

functional risk elements and property cost considerations in the ranking

criteria. Those programs in which the main thrust of the Federal domestic

assistance is non-construction- oriented yet contain a minor building or

lifeline construction component may be classified "NON -APPLICABLE - LOW RISK

ASSESSMENT" after evaluation and documentation. An example might be a program

that provides support in the form of a grant to upgrade educational opportunities

for children attending school in rural one -room school houses. The grant

might underwrite the cost of teacher education, book purchases, visual aid

resources, and building renovation. Because this would not be primarily a

construction grant and if the agency would consider the risk of loss from an

earthquake to be small, the applicability determination for this program would

be classified "NON -APPLICABLE - LOW RISK ASSESSMENT". A list of potentially

non- applicable , low risk programs, along with the appropriate documentation

should be submitted to the Agency Seismic Coordinator for review and certification

of evaluation status.

Some Federal Domestic Assistance Programs for buildings and lifelines are

specifically excluded by virtue of Section 2.b of the Executive Order. These

include repairs and renovations to existing buildings and lifelines where the

remodeling costs are equal to or less than 50% of the fair market value of the

existing building or lifeline prior to the occurrence of an earthquake.

Also, on loan guarantees for existing buildings, the Executive Order is not

applicable in certain cases, as the seismic safety provisions are not intended

to be a condition for transfer of Federally- insured mortgages from the present

owner to a new owner. After review, those assistance programs which clearly

are excluded from the Executive Order shall be classified "NON-APPLICABLE - EXECUTIVE ORDER EXCEPTION." A list of these programs, along with any applicable

documentation, should be reviewed, certified, and maintained by the Agency

Seismic Coordinator.

All other Federal Domestic Assistance programs would be classified "APPLICABLE"

and subject to rank-ordering with respect to potential earthquake losses. A

list of the "Applicable Federal Domestic Assistance programs, along with their

seismic safety ranking should be submitted to the Agency Seismic Coordinator

for review, certification and maintenance. Then, a planning effort should be

conducted by the agency in cooperation with the Agency Seismic Coordinator to

develop a detailed implementation plan.

In the seismic safety evaluation of its "Applicable" Federal Domestic Assistance

programs, the agency should assign the classification of "APPLICABLE - EXEMPT"

to those programs not likely to sustain substantial earthquake losses due to

5
the mitigating conditions such as: a) an acceptable level of seismic safety

incorporated in the building or lifeline construction, b) the low seismic

hazard for the area in which the programs are implemented, c) the invulnerable

location of the building or lifeline or d) the non-critical nature of the

function housed by the building or lifeline. This classification indicates

that the agency should not have to make or implement any additional mitigation

plans for the programs included therein. Complete documentation of the

ranking process should be submitted to the Agency Seismic Coordinator for

review and confirmation.

4.3.3. Program Implementation

Each agency should implement the Executive Order as it applies to its Federal

Domestic Assistance programs as identified under the Determination of

Applicability. Included in the implementation program should be a determinatioi

of the seismic hazards in various areas of the country as shown in American

National Standards Institute Standard A58, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings

and Other Structures, 1982, or subsequent maps adopted for Federal use. For

those agencies that do not have the staff resources or budget to determine

local building code equivalency in implementing the Executive Order, the Code

Equivalency Document (see Section 4.3.4 of these Guidelines) may be used.

Where the document indicates that no local codes exist or that the local codes

contain no seismic provisions appropriate to the area, a nationally- recognized

model code may be cited as a requirement for the grant, loan, or loan guarantee

[Section 3. a]. Considering the mission of the agency and the resources

available to monitor compliance, the agency should make reasonable attempts to

assure compliance after all risks are assessed.

4.3.4 Code Equivalency Document

To aid in the implementation of the Executive Order, the Interagency Committee

on Seismic Safety on Construction(ICSSC) should be responsible for the preparati

of a Code Equivalency Document. This document should use standards identified

in Section 3 of the Executive Order. The document would identify, by State,

the building-code-enforcement jurisdiction. It should also contain details

about local seismic requirements, on a county -by -county basis, including

information such as

1. Those areas of the United States where no seismic requirements

are necessary. This list will generally include those areas

falling in Seismic Zone 0.

2. Those areas of the United States which have adopted local codes

that substantially meet the requirements cited in Section 3. a of

the Executive Order.

3. For those areas not included in subparagraphs 1. and 2. above, the

code or codes generally in use and recognized as being adequate

for that area of the United States will be listed. This listing

is to aid those agencies which do not have the technical resources

to certify that a code equivalency requirement, with regard to

seismic provisions, has been satisfied before making Federal

6
grants, loans, or loan guarantees. An agency, however, would not

be bound by this listing of equivalent codes and would have the

option of identifying other acceptable equivalent codes.

In developing the Code Equivalency Document, the ICSSC should use information

furnished by those agencies that have established the equivalency of their

seismic standards to the requirements of the Executive Order. Each agency,

however, shall have the option to recognize this equivalency on a case -by- case

basis. The Code Equivalency Document should be reviewed periodically by the

ICSSC and updated as needed.

4.3.5. Reporting

The Agency Seismic Coordinator should use data, documentation and other

information supplied by the agency to prepare seismic safety status reports on

the various Federal Domestic Assistance programs under the agency's purview.

These reports should become a part of the agency's seismic safety report that

may be requested by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in accordance with

Section 5 of the Executive Order.

4.4 FEDERALLY REGULATED BUILDINGS AND LIFELINES

4.4.1. General

Section 2.c of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety requires that Federal

agencies responsible for regulating structural safety of buildings and

lifelines specify the use of appropriate seismic design and construction

standards for new buildings and lifelines. Highest priority shall be given to

those buildings and lifelines in areas of high seismic hazard that by virtue

of their function, location, or type of construction provide the highest

potential for earthquake loss

.

4.4.2. Program Implementation

The potentially affected agencies should review all of their regulatory

programs to determine which, if any, are covered by the Executive Order. As a general guideline, all regulatory programs involving design and/or construction

of buildings or lifelines should be subject to further evaluation. Those

programs determined to be covered by the Executive Order should then be rankordered in accordance with Section 2.c of the Executive Order. The agency

should require the licensees to conduct a systematic program for assessing

earthquake risks. It should be the function of the Agency Seismic Coordinator

to confirm the list of covered programs and to assure a repository for all of

the appurtenant documentation. Moreover, the Agency Seismic Coordinator

should review and obtain the agency's concurrence with the licensees' assessment

program. As a conclusion to the risk-assessment program, the licensees should

submit to the Agency Seismic Coordinator a schedule for the correction of

mutually- agreed upon excessive risks.

7
Where, for some compelling reason, the above-mentioned requirements are

impossible to meet, the licensee may formally request a waiver from the

requirements. The waiver request should be accompanied by a well -documented

explanation for the request. The Agency Seismic Coordinator should serve as

liaison in the review process. If the agency grants a waiver to the licensee,

the agency should fully document its decision-making process and provide a

complete set of documentation to the Agency Seismic Coordinator for review and

concurrence

.

4.4.3. Reporting

The Agency Seismic Coordinator should use data, documentation, and other

information supplied by the agency to prepare reports relating the seismic

safety status of Federally- regulated buildings and lifelines under the

agency's purview. These reports should become a part of the agency's seismic

safety report that may be requested by the Federal Emergency Management

Administration in accordance with Section 5 of the Executive Order.

8
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Appendix A

PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER

Seismic Safety of Federal and Federally Assisted or Regulated Construct

This order is issued by virtue of the authority vested in me by

the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America,

and as President of the United States of America, in furtherance

of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977, as

amended (42 U.S.C. 7701 e t seq , ) . which requires that Federal

preparedness and mitigation activities are to include

"development and promulgation of specifications, building

standards, design criteria, and construction practices to achieve

appropriate earthquake resistance for new and existing

structures," and "an examination of alternative provisions and

requirements for reducing earthquake hazards through Federal and

federally financed construction, loans, loan guarantees, and

licenses .

Section 1. Requirements for Earthquake Safety of Federal

Buildings and Lifelines

The purposes of these requirements are to reduce risks to the

lives of occupants of buildings owned by the Federal Government

and to persons who would be affected by the failures of Federal

buildings or lifelines in earthquakes, to improve the capability

of essential Federal buildings and lifelines to function during

or after an earthquake, and to reduce earthquake losses of public

property, all in a cost-effective manner. A building means any

structure, fully or partially enclosed, used or intended for

sheltering persons or property. A lifeline means a system

providing the functions of a public utility or transportation

facility (electrical power and communications, oil and gas

pipelines, transportation facilities, dams, and water and sewage

facilities )

.

l.a New Federal Buildings

Each Federal agency responsible for the design and construction

of each new Federal building shall ensure that the building is

designed and constructed in accord with appropriate seismic

design and construction standards. This requirement pertains to

all building projects for which development of detailed plans and

specifications is initiated subsequent to the issuance of the

order. Seismic design and construction standards shall be

adopted for agency use in accord with sections 3. a and 4. a of

this order

.

10
PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER Page 2

Section 1. continued

l.b Existing Federal Buildings

Each Federal agency having primary responsibility for ensuring

the safety of existing Federal buildings shall plan, and shall

initiate no later than three years subsequent to the issuance of

this order, a systematic program for the assessment of

ear thquake - induced risks and for the determination and correction

of excessive risks. Standards for the assessment, design and

construction activities shall be adopted for agency use in accord

with sections 3. a and 4. a of this order. The program shall give

priority attention to areas of high seismic hazard and to

buildings that by virtue of their occupancy or structural

characteristics provide the highest potential for earthquake

losses. As used in this section, "existing Federal building"

does not include a building acquired by a Federal agency through

foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure, or similar action, and

intended to be resold or transferred to a non-Federal entity.

l.c New Federal Lifelines

Each Federal agency responsible for the design and construction

of each new Federal lifeline shall ensure that the lifeline is

designed and constructed in accord with appropriate seismic

design and construction standards. This requirement pertains to

all lifeline projects for which development of detailed plans and

specifications is initiated subsequent to the issuance of the

order. Seismic design and construction standards shall be

adopted for agency use in accord with sections 3. a and 4. a of

this order.

l.d Existing Federal Lifelines

Each Federal agency having primary responsibility for ensuring

the safety of existing Federal lifelines shall plan, and shall

initiate no later than three years subsequent to the issuance of

this order, a systematic program for the assessment of

e ar thquake - indue e d risks and for the determination and correction

of excessive risks. Standards for the assessment, design and

construction activities shall be adopted for agency use in accord

with sections 3. a and 4. a of this order. The program shall give

priority attention to areas of high seismic hazard and to

lifelines that by virtue of their nature, location, and/or type

of construction provide the highest potential for earthquake

losses .

11
PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER Page 3

Section 2. Federally Leased, Assisted or Regulated Buildings

and Lifelines

The purposes of these requirements are to reduce risks to the

lives of occupants of buildings leased for Federal uses or

purchased or constructed with Federal assistance, to reduce risks

to the lives of persons who would be affected by earthquake

failures of federally assisted or regulated buildings and

lifelines, and to protect public investments, all in a costeffective manner.

2. a Space Leased for Federal Occupancy

2.a.l Each Federal agency responsible for the construction

and lease of a new or substantially improved building for

Federal use shall ensure that the building is designed and

constructed in accord with appropriate seismic design and

construction standards. This requirement pertains to all

leased building projects for which the agreement covering

development of detailed plans and specifications is effected

subsequent to the issuance of this order. Local building

codes shall be used in design and construction by those

concerned with such activities in accord with section 3. a of

this order, and augmented when necessary to achieve

appropriate seismic design and construction standards.

2. a.

2

Each Federal agency responsible for the leasing or

renewal of leasing of space for Federal use in an existing

building shall, for leases or renewals effected subsequent

to the issuance of this order, make seismic safety one of

the factors to be considered in the selection among

alternative spaces for leasing.

2.b Federal Domestic Assistance Programs

Each Federal agency assisting in the financing, through Federal

grants or loans, or guaranteeing the financing, through loan or

mortgage insurance programs, of newly constructed or acquired

buildings or lifelines shall plan, and shall initiate no later

than three years subsequent to the issuance of this order,

measures consistent with section 3. a of this order, to assure

appropriate consideration of seismic safety. Programs shall give

priority attention to areas of high seismic hazard and buildings

or lifelines that by virtue of their nature, location or type of

construction provide the highest potential for earthquake losses.

This section shall not apply to the financing of an existing oneto four-unit dwelling or to the financing of an existing

12
PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER Page 4

Section 2. continued

condominium or cooperative dwelling unit. This section shall

apply to grant, loans, or loan guarantees for repairing or

renovating existing buildings or lifelines only when the cost of

repairing or renovating exceeds fifty percent of the fair market

value before repairing or renovating of the existing building or

lifeline

.

2.

c Federally Regulated Buildings and Lifelines

Each Federal agency with generic responsibility for regulating

the structural safety of buildings or lifelines shall plan, and

shall initiate no later than three years subsequent to the

issuance of this order, to require use of appropriate seismic

design and construction standards for new buildings or lifelines

within the agency's purview, and to require entities regulated by

agencies to conduct a systematic program for assessing

ear thquake - induced risks and scheduling the correction of

excessive risks. Programs shall give priority attention to areas

of high seismic hazard and to buildings or lifelines that by

virtue of their nature, location or type of construction provide

the highest potential for earthquake losses.

Section 3

. " Concurrent Requirements

3.

a In accord with Office of Management and Budget Circular A119 of January 17, 1980, entitled, "Federal Participation in the

Development and Use of Voluntary Standards," nationally

recognized private sector standards and practices shall be used

for the purposes identified in sections 1 and 2 above unless the

responsible agency finds that none is available meeting its

requirements. The actions ordered herein shall consider the

seismic hazards in various, areas of the country to be as shown in

American National Standards Institute Standard A58, Minimum

Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures . 1982 or

subsequent maps adopted for Federal use in accord with this

order. Local building codes determined by the responsible agency

or by the Interagency Committee for Seismic Safety in

Construction to provide adequately for seismic safety, or special

seismic standards and practices required by unique agency mission

needs may be used.

3.b All orders, regulations, circulars or other directives

issued, and all other actions taken prior to the date of this

order that meet the requirements of this order are hereby

confirmed and ratified and shall be deemed to have been issued

under this order.

13
PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER Page 5

Section 3. continued

3.c Nothing in this order shall apply to assistance provided for

emergency work essential to save lives and protect property and

public health and safety, performed pursuant to Sections 305 and

306 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (88 Stat, 148 and 149 42

U.S.C. 5145 and 5146), or for individual and family grants and

temporary housing assistance programs performed pursuant to

Sections 404 and 408 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (88 Stat,

154, 42 U.S.C. 5174 and 88 Stat, 156, 42 U.S.C. 5178).

Furthermore, this order shall apply to other provisions of the

same act only after a Pres identially- declared major disaster or

emergency resulting from an earthquake when actions are

determined to be cost effective or when damages exceed fifty

percent of the fair market value of a building.

Section 4. Responsibilities

4. a The Director, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),

shall be responsible for reporting to the President on the

execution of this order and providing support for the secretariat

of the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction

(ICSSC). The ICSSC, using consensus procedures, shall be

responsible to FEMA for the recommendation for adoption of

seismic design and construction standards and practices required

by Sections 1 and 2 of this order. Participation in ICSSC shall

be open to all agencies with programs affected by this order.

However, seismic design and construction guidelines for dams

shall be as developed by the Interagency Committee on Dam Safety

as part of the Dam Safety Program.

4.b As allowed by law, each agency shall issue or amend existing

regulations or procedures to comply with this order within three

years of its issuance, and plan for their implementation through

its usual budget process. Thereafter, each agency shall review,

at a period not to exceed three years, its regulations or

procedures to assess the need to incorporate new or revised

standards and practices.

Section 5. Reporting

The Federal Emergency Management Agency shall request, from each

agency affected by this order, information on the status of its

procedures, progress in its implementation plan and the impact of

this order on its operations. FEMA shall include assessment of

the execution of this order in its annual report of the National

Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program to Congress.

14
Appendix A

COMMENTARY ON PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER

Seismic Safety of Federal and Federally Assisted or Regulated

Construction

The title is chosen to describe the objectives and scope of the

proposed executive order, but to leave its legislative history to

the preamble

.

The legislative background for the proposed order and its

objectives are presented. The proposed order defines actions to

meet requirements of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction

Act of 1977. The only new responsibility is to develop and begin

systematic efforts in three years, and this is new only for

agencies that have not yet responded to the Act. Each agency

alone is responsible for its actions in response to the proposed

order. It is not the intent of the order to place new

requirements on agencies that already have acted to meet the

requirements of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction

Program ( NEHRP )

.

Section 1. Requirement for Earthquake Safety of Federal

Buildings and Lifelines

General definitions are given for buildings and lifelines. More

specific definitions are appropriate to the standards that will

be used to implement the order. The scope explicitly includes

dam safety. Section 4. a assigns the Interagency Committee on Dam

Safety the responsibility for developing dam safety guidelines,

and gives responsibility for other standards and practices to the

Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction. Cost

effectiveness is cited as a criterion for seismic safety

practices and programs. There is no complete safety. Seismic

safety should be consistent among various building types,

materials and locations, and consistent with safety from other

hazards to life and property.

15
COMMENTARY ON PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER Page 2

l.a New Federal Buildings

Responsibility for design and construction standards is assigned

to the Federal agency responsible for the building. As noted in

section 3. a, national standards are encouraged and adequate local

codes may be used. Section 3. a does not require use of local

codes because they may be deficient or unduly restrictive. The

requirements of this section become effective upon issuance of

the order for projects entering the stage of development of

detailed plans and specifications.

l.b Existing Federal Buildings

Each Federal agency is given the responsibility for its own

systematic programs of assessment and correction of excessive

risks. The agency would give priority attention to situations of

potentially high seismic hazard, define its own criteria for

excessive risks (with the opportunity for cooperation in this

through Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction,

section 4. a), and omit from assessment buildings that by their

occupancy, location or type of construction have been shown to

provide small seismic risks.

l.c New Federal Lifelines

Seismic safety practices are required for new Federal lifelines

for which development of detailed plans and specifications begins

after issuance of this order. Use of national standards or

agency- specif ic practices is allowed by reference to section 3. a.

l.d Existing Federal Lifelines

Each Federal agency is given the responsibility for its own

systematic program of assessment and correction of excessive

risks. The agency would give priority attention to situations of

potentially high seismic hazard, define its own criteria for

excessive risks (with the opportunity for cooperation in this

through Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction

and Interagency Committee on Dam Safety, section 4. a), and omit

from assessment lifelines that by their nature, location or type

of construction have been shown to provide small seismic risks.

Section 2. Federally Leased, Assisted or Regulated Buildings and

Lifelines

Risks and cost effectiveness are cited as criteria for the

actions. Again, seismic safety should be consistent among

various building and lifeline types, materials and locations, and

consistent with safety from other hazards to life and property.

16
Page 3

COMMENTARY ON PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER

2. a Space Leased for Federal Occupancy

Safety equivalent to that for new Federal buildings is required

for whole buildings constructed and leased for Federal occupancy,

but it is recognized that such buildings will be constructed

primarily in accord with local codes. However, special

provisions are required when local codes are deficient in seismic

safety.

Seismic safety is only "a factor,” among others, in the selection

from among the existing buildings or spaces in existing buildings

available for leasing.

2.b Federal Domestic Assistance Programs

This section is not intended to require assessment of the seismic

safety of an existing home as a condition for transfer of a

Federally insured mortgage from the present owner to a new owner.

This section applies to grants, loans or loan guarantees for

remodeling existing buildings, or renovating existing lifelines

only when the cost of remodeling or renovation exceeds fifty

percent of the fair market value of the building or lifeline.

2.c Federally Regulated Buildings and Lifelines

This section applies only to regulatory programs regulating for

structural safety of buildings or lifelines, and places

responsibilities on the licensees for design and construction of

new buildings or lifelines, and assessment and correction of

existing buildings or lifelines.

Section 3. Concurrent Requirements

3. a - In accord with OMB Circular A-119, nationally recognized

voluntary standards are to be used when they meet an agency's

programmatic requirements. A nationally- applicable seismic

hazard map is cited to give specificity to earthquake hazards.

The seismic hazard map of the Uniform Building Code is deemed

equivalent in areas in which the Uniform Building Code is used.

Local building codes may be used when they meet the safety levels

of standards developed or adopted for Federal agencies.

3.b - This section is not intended to place additional

requirements on Federal agencies, but to avoid losses of existing

authorities

.

17
Page 4

COMMENTARY ON PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER

Section 4. Responsibilities

This section provides for cooperation among Federal

agencies , (through the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in

Construction and the Interagency Committee on Dam S af e ty )

, us ing

consensus procedures, to recommend for adoption seismic design

and construction standards for Federal use.

Each agency is given the responsibility for its own seismic

safety practices. A three-year cycle is established for review

and update of such practices.

Section 5. Reporting

This section imposes no new reporting requirements on the Federal

agencies, but gives FEMA the responsibility to assess and report

on the effectiveness of this order.

18
APPENDIX B - FEDERAL DOMESTIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

Definitions of Specific Types of Assistance

a. Formula Grants - Allocations of money to States or their subdivisions

in accordance with a distribution formula prescribed by law or

administrative regulation, for activities of a continuing nature not

confined to a specific project.

b. Project Grants - The funding, for fixed or known periods, of specific

projects or the delivery of specific services or products without

liability for damages for failure to perform. Project grants include

fellowships, scholarships, research grants, training grants,

traineeships, experimental and demonstration grants, evaluation

grants, planning grants, technical assistance grants, survey grants,

construction grants, and unsolicited contractual agreements.

c. Direct Payments for Specified Use - Financial assistance from the

Federal government provided directly to individuals , private firms

,

and other private institutions to encourage or subsidize a particular

activity by conditioning the receipt of the assistance on a particular

performance by the recipient. This does not include solicited

contracts for the procurement of goods and services for the Federal

government.

d. Direct Payments With Unrestricted Use - Financial assistance from the

Federal government provided directly to beneficiaries who satisfy

Federal eligibility requirements with no restrictions being imposed on

the recipient as to how the money is spent. Included are payments

under retirement, pension, and compensation programs.

e. Direct Loans - Financial assistance provided through the lending of

Federal monies for a specific period of time, with a reasonable

expectation of repayment. Such loans may or may not require the

payment of interest.

f. Guaranteed/Insured Loans - Programs in which the Federal government

makes an arrangement to indemnify a lender against part or all of any

defaults by those responsible for repayment of loans.

g. Insurance - Financial assistance provided to assure reimbursement for

losses sustained under specified conditions. Coverage may be provided

directly by the Federal government or through private carriers and may

or may not involve the payment of premiums.

h. Sale, Exchange, or Donation of Property and Goods - Programs which

provide for the sale, exchange or donation of Federal real property,

personal property, commodities, and other goods including land,

buildings, equipment, food and drugs. This does not include the loan

of, use of, or access to Federal facilities or property.

19
i. Use of Property, Facilities, and Equipment - Programs which provide

for the loan of, use of, or access to Federal facilities or property

wherein the federally-owned facilities or property do not remain in

the possession of the recipient of the assistance.

j

. Provision of Specialized Services - Programs which provide Federal

personnel to directly perform certain tasks for the benefit of

communities or individuals. These services may be performed in

conjunction with nonfederal personnel, but they involve more than

consultation, advice, or counseling.

k. Advisory Services and Counseling - Programs which provide Federal

specialists to consult, advise, or counsel communities or individuals,

to include conferences, workshops, or personal contacts. This may

involve the use of published information, but only in a secondary

capacity

.

l. Dissemination of Technical Information - Programs which provide for

the publication and distribution of information or data of a

specialized technical nature frequently through clearinghouses or

libraries. This does not include conventional public information

services designed for general public consumption.

m. Training - Programs which provide instructional activities conducted

directly by a Federal agency for individuals not employed by the

Federal government.

5 n. Investigation of Complaints - Federal administrative agency activities

that are initiated in response to requests, either formal or informal,

to examine or investigate claims of violations of Federal statutes,

policy, or procedure. The origination of such claims must come from

outside the Federal government.

o. Federal Employment - Programs which reflect the government -wide

responsibilities of the Office of Personnel Management in the

recruitment and hiring of Federal civilian agency personnel.

20
Appendix B

CATALOG OF FEDERAL DOMESTIC ASSISTANCE - 1985

AGENCY PROGRAM INDEX

PROGRAMS WITH POSSIBLE EARTHQUAKE RELATED COMPONENTS

•PARTMENJ OF AGRICULTURE

10.056 Storage Facilities and Equipment Loans ...I

10.209 1890 Research Facilities .......... .....l

10.404 Emergency Loans . ...1

10.405 Farm Labor Housing Loans and Grants

10.407 Farm Ownership Loans

10.410 Very Low and Low Income Housing Loans

10.415 Rural Rental Housing Loans

10.417 Very Low-Income Housing Repair Loans and Grants

10.418 Water and Waste Disposal Systems -for Rural

Communities * 10.422 Business and Industrial Loans

10.423 Community Facilities Loans

10. 665-School s and Roads - Grants to States

10.666 Schools and Roads - Grants to Counties ........ 10.850 Rural El ectr i f

i

cati on Loans and Loan Guarantees

10.851 Rural Telephone Loans and Loan Guarantees

10.852 Rural Telephone Bank Loans

10.904 Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention

iEBEldiNI QE COMMERCE

11.300 Economic Development — Grants -for Public Works and

Development Facilities

11.301 Economic Development — Business Development

Assi stance

11.304 Economic Development - Public Works Impact Projects .... 11.550 Public Telecommunications Facilities

[FARJMENI OF DEFENSE

12.102 Flood Control Works and Federally Authorized

Coastal Protection Works, Rehabilitation ..

, 12.106 Flood Control Projects

12.400 Military Construction, Army National Guard .

^PARIMENJ OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

13.224 Community Health Centers

13.333 General Clinical Research Centers

13.389 Research Centers in Minority institutions

13.392 Cancer Construction

13.633 Special Programs -for the Aging - Title III, Parts A

and B - Grants for Supportive Services and Senior

Centers 7

13.663 Community Development Credit Union Revolving Loan

Fund

13.664 Rural Development Loan Fund 10

13.665 Community Services Block Grant 10

13.676 Surplus Property Utilization 11

13.965 Coal Miners Respiratory Impairment Treatment

Clinics and Services 11

13.985 Eye Research - Facility Construction 11

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DEPARTMENT of housing and urban development

14.103 Interest Reduction Payments - Rental and

Cooperative Housing *for Lower Income Families

14.100 Rehabilitation Mortgage Insurance

14.110 Manufactured Home Insurance — Financing Purchase of

Manufactured Homes as Principal Residences of

Borrowers 12

14.112 Mortgage Insurance - Construction or Substantial

Rehabilitation of Condominium Projects 12

14.115 Mortgage Insurance -Development of Sales Type

Cooperative Projects 13

14.116 Mortgage Insurance - Group Practice Facilities 13

14.117 Mortgage Insurance - Homes 13

14.119 Mortgage Insurance - Homes for Disaster Victims 13

14. 120 Mortgage Insurance - Homes for Low and Moderate

Income Families 13

14. 121 ’Mortgage Insurance - Homes in Outlying Areas 13

14.122 Mortgage Insurance — Homes in Urban Renewal Areas ...... 14

14.123 Mortgage Insurance - Housing in Older, Declining

Areas ..14

14. 1'24 Mortgage Insurance — Investor Sponsored Cooperative

Housi ng 14

14.125 Mortgage Insurance — Land Development ••••• 14

14.126 Mortgage Insurance - Management Type Cooperative

Projects 14

14.127 Mortgage Insurance - Manufactured (Mobile) Home

Parks ..15

14.126 Mortgage Insurance - Hospitals •••• IS

14.129 Mortgage Insurance - Nursing Homes and Intermediate

Care Facilities IS

14. 130 Mortgage Insurance - Purchase by Homeowners of Fee

Simple Title From Lessors IS

14.132 Mortgage Insurance - Purchase of Sales-Type

Cooperative Housing Units ....IS

14. 133 Mortgage Insurance - Purchase of Units in

Condominiums 16

, 14.134 Mortgage Insurance - Rental Housing 16

14. 135 Mortgage Insurance — Rental Housing for Moderate

Income Families 16

14.137 Mortgage Insurance - Rental and Cooperative

.Housing for Moderate Income Families, Market

Interest Rate 16

14.138 Mortgage Insurance - Rental Housing for the Elderly ....17

14. 139 Mortgage Insurance - Rental Housing in Urban

Renewal Areas I 7

14.140 Mortgage Insurance - Special Credit Risks .....17

14.141 Nonprofit Sponsor Assistance Program IT

14. 142 Property Improvement Loan Insurance for Improving

All Existing Structures and Building of New

Nonresi dent i al Structures IB

14.149 Rent Supplements - Rental Housing for Lower Income

Fami lies

14.151 Supplemental Loan Insurance - Multifamily Rental

Housing .....13

22
14.155 Mortgage Insurance for the Purchase or Refinancing

of Existing Multifamily Housing Projects

14.156 Lower Income Housing Assistance Programs ...19

14.157 Housing for the Elderly or Handicapped

14.159 Section 245 Graduated- Payment Mortgage Program 19

14o 161 Single Family Home Mortgage Coinsurance c 19

14.162 Mortgage Insurance - Combination and Manufactured

Home Lo l Loans «. ...o*.e..e.o.o««. .......... ...»..... ao 19

14.163 Mortgage Insurance - Cooperative Financing ...20

14.164 Operating Assistance for Troubled Multifamily

Housing Projects 20

14.165 Mortgage Insurance — Homes - Military Impacted

Areas 20

14. 166 Mortgage Insurance — Homes for Members of the Armed

Services 20

14.167 Mortgage Insurance - Two Year Operating Loss Loans,

•‘ Section 223(d) .20

14.170 Congregate Housing Services Program 21

14.172 Mortgage Insurance - Growing Equity Mortgages 21

14.173 Section 223(f) — Coinsurance for the Purchase or

Refinancing of Existing Multifamily Projects 21

14.174 Housing Development Grants 21

14.175 Adjustable Rate Mortgages ...22

14.176 Section 221(d) Coinsurance for the Construction

or Substantial Rehabilitation of Multifamily

Housing Projects .22

14.21B Community Development Block Gran£s/Enti tl ement

Grants 22

14.219 Community Development Block Grants/Small Cities

Program .....23

14.220 Section 312 Rehabilitation Loans 23

14.221 Urban Development Action Grants 23

14.223 Indian Community Development Block Grant Program 23

14.220 Community Development Block Grants/State's Program 24

14.230 Rental Housing Rehabilitation 24

14.507 Mortgage Insurance - Experimental Homes 24

14.500 Mortgage Insurance - Experimental Projects Other

Than Housing 24

14.509 Mortgage Insurance - Experimental Rental Housing 25

14.050 Public and Indian Housing 25

14.051 Low Income Housing - Homeownership Opportunities

for Low Income Families 25

14.052 Public and Indian Housing - Comprehensive

Improvement Assistance Program 25

>iE£BTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

15.501 Indian. Loans - Economic Development

15.141 Indian Housing Assistance

15.501 Distribution System Loans

15.503 Small Reclamation Projects

15.904 Historic Preservation Grant s-In-Ai d

15.912 National Historic Landmark

15.910 Disposal of Federal Surplus Real Property for

Parks, Recreation, and Historic Monuments ..

26

26

26

26

27

27

27

23
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

20.106 Airport Improvement Program 23

20.205 Highway Planning and Construction 23

20.309 Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement - Guarantee of Obligations . 23

20.310 Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement - Redeemable Preference Shares or Notes 23

20.500 Urban Mass Transportat i on Capital Improvement

Grants 29

20.600 State and Community Highway Safety ....23

department; of the treasury

21.300 State and Local Government Fiscal Assistance — Revenue Sharing .20

APPALACHIAN REGIONAL COMMISSION

23.002 Appalachian Supplements to Federal Grant-In-

.* Aid (Community Development) 31

23.003 Appalachian Development Highway System 31

23.004 Appalachian Health Programs 31

23.005 Appalachian Housing Project Planning Loan,

Technical Assistance Grant and Site Development

and Off-Site Improvement Grant: State

Appalachian Housing Program ...31

23.006 Appalachian Local Access Roads 32

GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION

39.002 Disposal of Federal Surplus Real Property 33

SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

59.006 Minority Business Development - Procurement

Assistance 34

59.008 Physical Disaster Loans 34

59.012 Small Business Loans 34

59.013 State and Local Development Company Loans 34

59.021 Handicapped Assistance Loans .....33

59.030 Small Business Energy Loans 35

59.038 Veterans Loan Program 35

VETERANS ADMINISTRATION

64.005 Grants to States for Construction of State

Home Facilities 36

64.106 Specially Adopted Housing for Disabled Veterans 36

64.114 Veterans Housing - Guaranteed and Insured Loans 36

64.118 Veterans Housing - Direct Loans for Disabled

Veterans 33

64.119 Veterans Housing — Manufactured Home Loans

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

66.418 Construction Grants for Wastewater Treatment

Works

66.603 Loan Guarantees for Construction of Treatment

Works -

24
EDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

03.504 Other State and Local Direction, Control and

Warning

03.504 State Disaster Preparedness Grants

03.506 Earthquake and Hurricane Preparedness Grants

03.510 Shelter Development „ 53.512 State and Local Emergency Operating Centers .....40

03.513 State and Local Warning and Communication

Systems .............. ....... 00....... ....... ••.......0 4o

03.516 Disaster Assistance 40

EPARJMENI OF EDUCATION

04.020 Handicapped Regional Resource Centers 41

04.040 School Assistance in Federally A-f-fected Areas - Construction 41

04.142 Housing -for Educational Institutions 41

04. 145. 'Federal Real Property Assistance Program .41

04.154 Library Services and Construction Act - Construction ..42

04.155 Removal o-f Archi tectural Barriers to the

Handicapped 42

04.172 Construction, Reconstruction, and Renovation

o-f Academic Facilities ....42

5£HIT££TyRAL AND TRANSPORTATION BARRIERS £QMPLIANCE BOARD

00.001 Archi tectural and Tr ansportati on Barriers

Compliance Board 43

25

O'

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O'

0*

BS-114A (rev. 2 -ec) U.S. DEPT. OF COMM.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

SHEET (See instructions)

1. PUBLICATION OR 2. Performing Organ. Report No. 3. Publication Date

REPORT NO.

NBSIR 88-3711 JANUARY 1988

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Guidelines and Procedures for Implementation of Executive Order

on Seismic Safety

5. AUTHOR(S)

Charles W.C. Yancey, Joseph Greenberg

6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION (If Joint or other than N 8 S. see in struction s)

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899

7. Contract/Grant No.

8 . Type of Report & Period Covered

NBSIR

9.

SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (Street. City. State. ZIP)

Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC 20472

10.

SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

| | Document describes a computer program; SF-185, FIPS Software Summary, is attached.

11.

ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a si gnificant

bibliography or literature survey, mention it here)

The "Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977," Public Law 95-125, was passed by Congres

to foster the reduction of life and property risks from future earthquakes in the Unitec

States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards

reduction program. A proposed Executive Order on Seismic Safety has been drafted that

would implement the provisions of the Act by requiring Federal preparedness and

mitigation activities to be implemented. The required activities would include the

development and promulgation of specifications, building standards, design criteria,

and construction practices for new and existing buildings and lifelines.

The guidelines and procedures described herein have been prepared to support the

implementation of the Executive Order on Seismic Safety. It is intended that these

guidelines and procedures support the efforts of those agencies that will have to

establish risk-assessment and corrective action programs to bring them into compliance

with the requirements of Public Law 95-125.

It is recommended that each agency concerned with buildings and lifeline that are

Federally owned, leased, assisted, or regulated designate an individual or an operating

unit as the Agency Seismic Coordinator. It would be the responsibil ity of the Agency

Seismic Coordinator to coordinate all aspects of the agency seismic safety program.

12.

KEY WORDS (Six to twelve entries ; alphabetical order; capitalize only proper names; and separate key words by semi colon s) Agency Seismic Coordinator; buildings; earthquake hazard; Executive Order on Seismic

Safety; Federal agencies; lifelines; seismic safety

13.

AVAILABILITY

1 1 Unlimited

H71 For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

| | Order From Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

20402.

^ Order From National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA. 22161

14. NO. OF

PRINTED PAGES

15. Price

USCOMM-OC 6043-PS0
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