NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

RESORT PROPERTIES OF AMERICA,

INC., et al., 

Plaintiffs-Appellees, 

 v. 

CENTRAL FLORIDA INVESTMENTS,

INC., et al., 

Defendants-Appellants.

No. 19-17168

D.C. No. 2:15-cv-02122-RFB

MEMORANDUM*

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the District of Nevada

Richard F. Boulware II, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted September 3, 2020 

Seattle, Washington

Before: HAWKINS and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges, and CALDWELL,** District 

Judge.

Central Florida Investments, Inc. and Westgate Las Vegas Resort, LLC

(together, “Central Florida”) appeal the district court’s denial of their motions for 

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent 

except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The Honorable Karen K. Caldwell, United States District Judge for 

the Eastern District of Kentucky, sitting by designation.

FILED

SEP 29 2020

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
2 

judgment as a matter of law, new trial, and remittitur, which followed a $2.5 

million verdict against them.

Plaintiffs Heather Atwell, as administrator of David Atwell’s estate, and 

Resort Properties of America, Inc. (together “RPA, Inc.”) asserted claims for 

quantum meruit and fraud against Central Florida after it failed to pay David 

Atwell or his sole proprietorship, Resort Properties of America (“RPA”), a 

commission on a real estate deal. 

The parties are familiar with the facts, so we do not repeat them here.1 We 

have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

Central Florida presents three arguments on appeal that it never presented to 

the district court: that RPA, Inc. abandoned any claim to the commission as a 

matter of law by breaching a fiduciary duty to it; that David Siegel’s statements

regarding his intent to purchase the Riviera could not constitute fraud as a matter 

of law because they were mere opinion, prediction, or puffery; and that the district 

court erred in determining that the jury intended to award $2.5 million. We decline 

to address these issues. “As a general rule, an appellate court will not hear an issue 

raised for the first time on appeal.” Whittaker Corp. v. Execuair Corp., 953 F.2d 

510, 515 (9th Cir. 1992). 

1 Appellees’ Motion to Take Judicial Notice of Findings of Fact and Stipulated 

Conclusions of Law (Dkt. 15) is granted. 
3 

Central Florida also argues that the district court abused its discretion in 

denying its motion to reduce the $1 million fraud verdict, in prohibiting it from 

inquiring at trial into whether RPA, Inc. was a licensed real estate broker, and in 

declining to instruct the jury on a novation defense. 

None of the challenged rulings is an abuse of discretion. The fraud verdict 

was supported by substantial evidence regarding the amounts that RPA would have 

received had David Siegel’s representations regarding his intent to purchase the 

Riviera been true. Collins v. Burns, 741 P.2d 819, 822 (Nev. 1987). The district 

court did not prohibit Central Florida from adequately inquiring into whether RPA, 

Inc. was a licensed real estate broker. As to the novation defense, there was no 

evidence from which the jury could have concluded that the parties intended that a 

second contract would extinguish Central Florida’s agreement to pay RPA a 

commission for the purchase of the Las Vegas Hilton. United Fire Ins. Co. v. 

McClelland, 780 P.2d 193, 195-96 (Nev. 1989). 

AFFIRMED.