Appendix N

List of Refuge Species

© Wade Pettitt

Appendix A

Appropriate Use Findings 

Appendix B

Compatibility Determinations

Appendix C

Implementation

Appendix D

Wilderness Review

Appendix E

Biological Resources of Concern

Appendix F

Statement of Compliance

Appendix G

Integrated Pest Management

Appendix H

Glossary

Appendix I

Contributors

Appendix J

Acquisition History

Appendix K

Public Involvement

Appendix L

Hydrological Modeling

Appendix M

References

Appendix N

List of Refuge Species

Appendix O

Wildland Fire Management Plan

Appendix P

Maps
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-1 

Appendix N. List of Refuge Species 

This is a list of species that have been documented currently on the refuge. More species are 

expected to be added to this list upon conducting additional surveys.

N.1 Birds 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Grebes (family Podicipedidae)

Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis 

Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus 

Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps 

Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena 

Western Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis 

Clark’s Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii 

Pelicans (family Pelecanidae)

American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrohynchos 

Cormorants (family Phalacrocoracidae) 

Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus 

Bitterns, Herons, and Egrets (family Ardeidae) 

American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus 

Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias 

Great Egret Ardea alba 

Green Heron Butorides virescens 

Snowy Egret Egretta thula 

Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea 

Ibises and Spoonbills (family Threskiornithidae) 

White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi 

New World Vultures (family Cathartidae) 

Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura 

Swans, Geese, and Ducks (family Anatidae) 

Aleutian Canada Goose Branta canadensis leucopareia 

American Wigeon Anas americana 

Black Brant Branta bernicla nigricans 

Blue-winged Teal Anas discors 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-2 Appendix N. List of Species 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Bufflehead Bucephala albeola 

Cackling Canada Goose Branta canadensis minima 

Canvasback Aythya valisineria 

Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera 

Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula 

Common Merganser Mergus merganser 

Dusky Canada Goose Branta canadensis occidentalis 

Emperor Goose Chen canagica 

Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope 

Gadwall Anas strepera 

Greater Scaup Aythya marila 

Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons 

Green-winged Teal Anas crecca 

Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus 

Lesser Canada Goose Branta canadensis parvipes 

Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis 

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 

Northern Pintail Anas acuta 

Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata 

Redhead Aythya americana 

Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris 

Ross’ Goose Chen rossii 

Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis 

Snow Goose Chen caerulescens 

Tavener's Canada Goose Branta canadensis taverneri 

Tule White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons gambeli 

Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus 

Western Canada Goose Branta canadensis moffitti 

White-winged Scoter Melanitta fusca 

Wood Duck Aix sponsa 

Osprey (family Pandionidae) 

Osprey Pandion haliaetus 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-3 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Kites, Hawks, and Eagles (family Accipitridae) 

Bald Eagle† Haliaeetus leucocephalus 

Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus 

Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus 

Cooper’s Hawk Accipiter cooperii 

Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus 

Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis 

Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus 

Swainson’s Hawk Buteo swainsoni 

White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus 

Falcons and Caracaras (family Falconidae) 

American Kestrel Falco sparverius 

Merlin Falco columbarius 

Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 

Gallinaceous Birds (order Galliformes- families Odontophoridae, Phasianidae) 

California Quail Callipepla californica 

Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus 

Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 

Rails (family Rallidae) 

American Coot Fulica americana 

Sora Porzana carolina 

Virginia Rail Rallus limicola 

Cranes (family Gruidae) 

Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis 

Plovers (family Gruidae) 

Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola 

Killdeer Charadrius vociferus 

Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus 

Stilts and Avocets (family Recurvirostridae)

Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus 

Sandpipers and Phalaropes (family Scolopacidae) 

Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-4 Appendix N. List of Species 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Dunlin Calidris alpina 

Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 

Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla 

Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes 

Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus 

Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus 

Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa 

Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos 

Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius 

Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus 

Ruff Philomachus pugnax 

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata 

Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus 

Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria 

Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius 

Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus 

Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri 

Wilson’s Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor 

Wilson’s Snipe Gallinago delicata 

Skuas, Jaegers, Gulls, and Terns (family Laridae) 

Black Tern Chlidonias niger 

Bonaparte’s Gull Chroicocephalus philadelphia 

California Gull Larus californicus 

Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia 

Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri 

Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens 

Mew Gull Larus canus 

Stilts and Avocets (family Columbidae) 

Band-tailed Pigeon† Patagioenas fasciata 

Eurasian Collared-dove* Streptopelia decaocto 

Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura 

Rock Pigeon* Columba livia 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-5 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Barn Owls (family Tytonidae) 

Barn Owl Tyto alba 

Typical Owls (family Strigidae) 

Barred Owl Strix varia 

Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus 

Northern Pygmy-owl Glaucidium gnoma 

Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus 

Western Screech Owl Megascops kennicottii 

Snowy Owl Nyctea scandiaca 

Swifts (family Apodidae) 

Vaux’s Swift Chaetura vauxi 

Hummingbirds (family Trochilidae) 

Anna’s Hummingbird Calypte anna 

Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus 

Kingfishers (family Alcedinidae) 

Belted Kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon 

Woodpeckers (family Picidae) 

Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens 

Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus 

Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus 

Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus 

Red-breasted Sapsucker Sphyrapicus ruber 

Tyrant Flycatchers (family Tyrannidae) 

Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans 

Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus 

Hammond’s Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii 

Olive-sided Flycatcher† Contopus cooperi 

Pacific-slope Flycatcher Empidonax difficilis 

Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya 

Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis 

Western Wood-pewee Contopus sordidulus 

Willow Flycatcher† Empidonax traillii 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-6 Appendix N. List of Species 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Shrikes (family Laniidae) 

Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor 

Vireos (family Vireonidae) 

Cassin’s Vireo Vireo cassinii 

Hutton’s Vireo Vireo huttoni 

Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus 

Crows, Jays, and Magpies (family Corvidae)

American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos 

Common Raven Corvus corax 

Steller’s Jay Cyanocitta stelleri 

Western Scrub-jay Aphelocoma californica 

Swallows (family Hirundinidae) 

Bank Swallow Riparia riparia 

Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica 

Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon pyrrhonota 

Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis 

Purple Martin† Progne subis 

Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor 

Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thalassina 

Titmice and Chickadees (family Paridae)

Black-capped Chickadee Poecile atricapillus 

Chestnut-backed Chickadee Poecile rufescens 

Bushtits (family Aegithalidae)

Bushtit Psaltriparus minimus 

Nuthatches (family Sittidae) 

Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis 

White-breasted Nuthatch Sitta carolinensis 

Creepers (family Certhiidae) 

Brown Creeper Certhia americana 

Wrens (family Troglodytidae) 

Bewick’s Wren Thryomanes bewickii 

House Wren Troglodytes aedon 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-7 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Marsh Wren Cistothorus palustris 

Pacific Wren Troglodytes pacificus 

Kinglets (family Regulidae) 

Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa 

Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula 

Thrushes (family Turdidae) 

American Robin Turdus migratorius 

Swainson’s Thrush Catharus ustulatus 

Varied Thrush Ixoreus naevius 

Western Bluebird Sialia mexicana 

Starlings (family Sturnidae) 

European Starling* Sturnus vulgaris 

Wagtails and Pipits (family Motacillidae) 

American Pipit Anthus rubescens 

Waxwings (family Bombycillidae) 

Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum 

Wood Warblers (family Parulidae) 

Black-throated Gray Warbler Setophaga nigrescens 

Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas 

MacGillivray's Warbler Geothlypis tolmiei 

Orange-crowned Warbler Oreothlypis celata 

Townsend’s Warbler Setophaga townsendi 

Wilson’s Warbler Cardellina pusilla 

Yellow Warbler Setophaga petechia 

Yellow-breasted Chat† Icteria virens 

Yellow-rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata 

Tanagers (family Cardinalidae) 

Western Tanager Piranga ludoviciana 

Sparrows and Towhees (family Emberizidae) 

Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerina 

Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis 

Fox Sparrow Passerella iliaca 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-8 Appendix N. List of Species 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla 

Lincoln’s Sparrow Melospiza lincolnii 

Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis 

Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia 

Spotted Towhee Pipilo maculatus 

White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys 

White-throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis 

Cardinals, Grosbeaks, and Allies (family Cardinalidae) 

Black-headed Grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus 

Lazuli Bunting Passerina amoena 

Blackbirds and Orioles (family Icteridae) 

Brewer’s Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus 

Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater 

Bullock’s Oriole Icterus bullockii 

Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus 

Western Meadowlark Sturnella neglecta 

Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus 

Finches (family Fringillidae) 

American Goldfinch Spinus tristis 

Evening Grosbeak Coccothraustes vespertinus 

House Finch Carpodacus mexicanus 

Lesser Goldfinch Spinus psaltria 

Pine Siskin Spinus pinus 

Purple Finch Carpodacus purpureus 

Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra 

Old World Sparrows (family Passeridae) 

House Sparrow* Passer domesticus 

*=Introduced Species 

†= Species of Concern 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-9 

N.2 Mammals 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Beaver Castor canadensis 

Black-tailed Deer Odocoileus hemionus 

Bobcat Lynx rufus 

Brush Rabbit Sylvilagus bachmani 

California Ground Squirrel Spermophilus beecheyi 

Coyote Canis latrans 

Creeping Vole Microtus oregoni 

Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 

Douglas Squirrel Tamiasciurus douglasii 

Eastern Fox Squirrel* Sciurus niger 

Feral Cat* Felis catus 

Mink Mustela vison 

Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus 

Northern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus 

Nutria* Myocastor coypus 

Pacific Jumping Mouse Zapus trinotatus 

Raccoon Procyon lotor 

River Otter Lontra canadensis 

Roosevelt Elk Cervus elaphus 

Short-tailed Weasel Mustela erminea 

Shrew-mole Neurotrichus gibbsii 

Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis 

Townsend's Chipmunk Tamias townsendii 

Trowbridge’s Shrew Sorex trowbridgii 

Vagrant Shrew Sorex vagrans 

Virginia Opossum* Didelphis virginiana 

Western Gray Squirrel Sciurus griseus 

Western Pocket Gopher Thomomys mazama 

*=Introduced Species
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-10 Appendix N. List of Species 

N.3 Reptiles and Amphibians 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Alligator lizard Elgaria sp. 

Bullfrog* Rana catesbeiana 

Chorus Frog Pseudacris regilla 

Ensatina Ensatina eschscholtzii 

Long-toed Salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum macrodactylum 

Northern Red-legged Frog† Rana aurora aurora 

Northwestern Salamander Ambystoma gracile 

Red-eared Slider* Trachemys scripta elegans 

Red-spotted Garter Snake Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus 

Rough-skinned Newt Taricha granulosa 

Rubber Boa Charina bottae 

Western Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta belli 

Western Pond Turtle Clemmys marmorata marmorata 

Western Terrestrial Garter Snake Thamnophis elegans 

*=Introduced Species 

†= Species of Concern 

N.4 Fish 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Bluegill* Lepomis macrochirus

Catfish* Ameiurus sp. 

Coastal Cutthroat Trout† Oncorhynchus clarki ssp 

Common Carp* Cyprinus carpio 

Mosquito fish* Gambusia affinis 

Pacific Lamprey† Entosphenus tridentatus 

Redside Shiner Richardsonius balteatus 

Sculpin Cottus sp. 

Smallmouth Bass* Micropterus dolomieu 

Steelhead/Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 

Threespine Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus 

Warmouth* Chaenobryttus gulosus 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-11 

Western Brook Lamprey Lampetra richardsoni 

White Crappie* Pomoxis annularis 

*=Introduced Species 

†= Species of Concern 

N.5 Invertebrates 

Bees (order Hymenoptera) (identified to Genus) 

Common Name Genus 

Bald-faced Hornet Dolichovespula 

Bumble Bee Bombus 

Honey Bee Apis 

Wasp (yellow jacket) Vespula 

Dragonflies and Damselflies (order Odonata) 

Common Name Species Name 

Blue Dasher Pachydiplax longipennis 

California Darner Aeshna californica 

Cardinal Meadowhawk Sympetrum illotum 

Common Green Darner Anax junius 

Common Whitetail Plathemis lydia 

Eight-spotted Skimmer Libellula forensis 

Pacific Forktail Ischnura cervula 

Spot-winged Glider Pantala hymenaea 

Striped Meadowhawk Sympetrum pallipes 

Tule Bluet Enallagma carunculatum 

Twelve-spotted Skimmer Libellula pulchella 

Variegated Meadowhawk Sympetrum corruptum 

Western Forktail Ischnura perparva 

Western Pondhawk Erythemis collocata 

Butterflies and Moths (order Lepidoptera)

Common Name Species Name 

Western Tiger Swallowtail Papilio rutulus 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-12 Appendix N. List of Species 

Beetles (Order Coleoptera)

Common Name Family 

Carrion Beetle Silphidae 

Freshwater Mussels (family Margaritiferidae) 

Common Name Species Name 

Western Pearlshell Mussel Margaritifera falcata 

Aquatic Invertebrates (identified to order) 

Common Name Order 

Backswimmer Hemiptera 

Caddisfly Trichoptera 

Copepods Copepoda 

Cranefly Diptera 

Crawling Water Beetle Coleoptera 

Crayfish Decapoda 

Dobsonfly Neuroptera 

Fairy Shrimp Anostraca 

Fingernail Clam Veneroida 

Giant Waterbug Hemiptera 

Mayfly Ephemeroptera 

Mosquito Diptera 

Orb Snail Basommatophora 

Phantom Midge Diptera 

Predaceous Diving Beetle Coleoptera 

Scud Amphipoda 

Sowbug Isopoda 

Water Boatman Hemiptera 

Water Scavenger Beetle Coleoptera 

Water Scorpion Hemiptera 

Water Strider Hemiptera 

Whirligig Beetle Coleoptera 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-13 

N.6 Plants 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Velvetleaf* Abutilon theophrasti 

Yarrow Achillea millefolium 

Vanilla Leaf Achlys triphylla 

Pathfinder Adenocaulon bicolor 

Maidenhair Fern Adiantum pedatum 

Lanceleaf Water Plantain* Alisma lanceolatum 

Water Plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica 

Field Garlic* Allium vineale 

Powell’s Amaranth* Amaranthus powellii 

Ragweed* Ambrosia artemisiifolia 

Scarlet Pimpernel* Anagallis arvensis 

Pearly Everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea 

Three-leaved Anemone Anemone deltoidea 

Corn Chamomile* Anthemis arvensis 

Stinking Chamomile Anthemis cotula 

Bur Chervil* Anthriscus caucalis 

Spreading Dogbane Apocynum androsaemifolium 

Red Columbine Aquilegia formosa 

Mouseear Cress* Arabadopsis thaliana 

Hairy Rockcress Arabis hirsuta 

Greater Burdock* Arctium lappa 

Wild Ginger Asarum caudatum 

Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina 

Fat Hen Atriplex patula 

Mexican Mosquitofern Azolla mexicana 

American Winter Cress Barbarea orthoceras 

English Daisy* Bellis perennis 

Nodding Beggarticks Bidens cernua 

Three-lobed Beggarticks Bidens tripartita 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-14 Appendix N. List of Species 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Deer Fern Blechnum spicant 

Black Mustard* Brassica nigra 

Crown Brodiaea Brodiaea coronaria 

Clustered Moss Bryum pseudotriquetrum 

Pond Water-starwort Callitriche stagnalis 

Morning-glory* Calystegia microcarpus 

Small Camas Camassia quamash 

Shepherd’s Purse* Capsella bursa-pastoris 

Nuttall’s Bitter-cress Cardamine nuttallii 

Western Bitter-cress Cardamine occidentalis 

Few-seeded Bitter-cress Cardamine oligosperma 

Italian Thistle* Carduus pycnocephalus 

Slender-beaked Sedge Carex athrostachya 

Dense Sedge Carex densa 

Greensheath Sedge Carex feta 

Henderson’s Sedge Carex hendersonii 

Tapefruit Shortscale Sedge Carex leptopoda 

Slough Sedge Carex obnupta 

Chamisso Sedge Carex pachystachya 

Sawbeak Sedge Carex stipata 

One-sided Sedge Carex unilateralis 

Awlfruit Sedge Carex stipata 

Spotted Knapweed* Centaurea stoebe 

Doubtful Chickweed* Cerastium dubium 

Big Chickweed* Cerastium fontanum 

Sticky Chickweed* Cerastium viscosum 

Coon’s Tail Ceratophyllum demersum 

Spotted Sandmat* Chamaesyce maculata 

Fireweed Chamerion angustifolium 

Lambsquarters* Chenopodium album 

Chicory* Cichorium intybus 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-15 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Enchanter’s Nightshade Circaea alpina 

Canada Thistle* Cirsium arvense 

Edible Thistle Cirsium edule 

Bull Thistle* Cirsium vulgare 

Farewell-to-spring Clarkia amoena 

Winecup Clarkia Clarkia purpurea 

Miner's-lettuce Claytonia perfoliata 

Candy Flower Claytonia sibirica 

Western Clematis Clematis ligusticifolia 

Yerba Buena Clinopodium douglasii 

Poison-hemlock* Conium maculatum 

Field Bindweed* Convolvulus arvensis 

Candian Horseweed* Conyza canadensis 

Nursery Cotoneaster* Cotoneaster buxifolius 

Five-angled Dodder Cuscuta pentagona 

Strawcolored Flatsedge Cyperus erythrohizos 

Queen Anne’s Lace* Daucus carota 

Tansy Mustard Descurainia pinnata 

Deptford Pink* Dianthus armeria 

Northern Saitas Dichelostemma congestum 

Pacific Bleeding Heart Dicentra formosa 

Fuller’s Teasel* Dipsacus fullonum 

Showy Downingia Downingia elegans 

Willamette Downingia Downingia yina 

Whitlow Grass Draba verna 

False Dog Fennel Dyssodia papposa 

Needle Spikerush Eleocharis acicularis 

Ovate Spikerush Eleocharis ovata 

Common Spikerush Eleocharis palustris 

Small Spikerush Eleocharis parvula 

Fewflower Spikerush Eleocharis quinqueflora 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-16 Appendix N. List of Species 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Autumn Willowherb Epilobium brachycarpum 

Chaparral Willowherb Epilobium minutum 

Tall Willowherb Epilobium palustre 

Swamp Willowherb Epilobium densiflorum 

Marsh Horsetail Equisetum palustre 

Giant Horsetail Equisetum telmateia 

Philadelphia Daisy* Erigeron philadelphicus 

Fleabane Daisy Erigeron strigosus 

Oregon Sunshine Eriophyllum lanatum 

Redstem Stork’s Bill* Erodium cicutarium 

Oregon Coyote Thistle Eryngium petiolatum 

Wormseed Wallflower* Erysimum cheiranthoides 

Giant White Fawnlily Erythronium oregonum ssp oregonum 

California Poppy Eschschoizia californica 

Petty Spurge* Euphorbia peplus 

Roughleaf Aster Eurybia radulina 

Japanese Knotweed* Polygonum cuspidatum 

Woodland Strawberry Fragaria vesca 

Coastal Strawberry Fragaria chiloensis 

Virginia Strawberry Fragaria virginiana 

Checker Lily Fritillaria affinis 

Cleavers Bedstraw Galium aparine 

Northern Bedstraw Galium boreale 

Oregon Bedstraw Galium oreganum 

Threepetal Bedstraw Galium trifidum ssp.columbianum 

Cut-leaved Geranium* Geranium dissectum 

Shiny Leaf Geranium* Geranium lucidum 

Dovefoot Geranium* Geranium molle 

Herb-Robert* Geranium robertianum 

Largeleaf Avens Geum macrophyllum 

Bluehead Gilia Gilia capitata 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-17 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Western Marsh Cudweed* Gnaphalium palustre 

Marsh Cudweed* Gnaphalium uliginosum 

Bractless Hedgehyssop Gratiola ebracteata 

English Ivy* Hedera helix 

Tawny Daylily* Hemerocallis fulva 

Cowparsnip Heracleum maximum 

Coral Bells Heuchera glabra 

Pacific Waterleaf Hydrophyllum tenuipes 

St. Johnswort* Hypericum perforatum 

Hairy Cat’s Ear* Hypochaeris radicata 

Orange Balsam* Impatiens capensis 

Douglas Iris Iris douglasiana 

Oregon Iris Iris tenax 

Tapertip Rush Juncus acuminatus 

Toad Rush Juncus bufonius 

Common Rush Juncus effusus 

Spreading Rush Juncus patens 

Poverty Rush Juncus tenuis 

Pointed Rush Juncus oxymeris 

Prickly Lettuce* Lactuca serriola 

Yellow Archangel* Lamiastrum galeobdolon 

Nipplewort Lapsana communis 

Purple Peavine Lathyrus nevadensis 

Sweetpea* Lathyrus odoratus 

Leafy Pea Lathyrus polyphyllus 

Pacific Pea Lathyrus vestitus 

Duckweed* Lemna minor 

Fall Dandelion* Leontodon autumnalis 

Hairy Hawkbit* Leontodon taraxacoides 

Field Pepperweed* Lepidium campestre 

Oxeye Daisy* Leucanthemum vulgare 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-18 Appendix N. List of Species 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Celeryleaf Licorice-root Ligusticum apiifolium 

Columbia Lily Lilium columbianum 

False-pimpernel Lindernia dubia 

Barestem Biscuitroot Lomatium nudicaule 

Orange Honeysuckle Lonicera ciliosa 

Hairy Honeysuckle Lonicera hispidula 

Twinberry Honeysuckle Lonicera involucrata 

Bird’s-foot Lotus* Lotus corniculatus 

Small-flowered Lotus Lotus micranthus 

Spanish-Clover Lotus purshianus 

Sicklekeel Lupine Lupinus albicaulis 

Miniature Lupine Lupinus bicolor 

Bigleaf Lupine Lupinus polyphyllus 

Skunk Cabbage Lysichiton americanus 

Spatulaleaf Loosestrife* Lythrum portula 

Purple Loosestrife* Lythrum salicaria 

Elegant Tarweed Madia elegans 

Small Tarweed Madia exigua 

Slender Tarweed Madia gracilis 

Coast Tarweed Madia sativa 

Feathery False Lily of the valley Maianthemum racemosum 

Starry False Lily of the Valley Maianthemum stellatum 

Common Mallow* Malva neglecta 

Disc Mayweed* Matricaria discoidea 

Black Medick* Medicago lupulina 

Common Balm* Melissa officinalis 

Sweetclover* Melilotus alba 

Wild Mint* Mentha arvensis 

Pennyroyal* Mentha pulegium 

Stinky Mint Mentha villosa 

Seep Monkeyflower Mimulus guttatus 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-19 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Linearleaf Snapdragon Misopates orontium 

Largeleaf Sandwort Moehringia macrophylla 

Indianpipe Monotropa uniflora 

Blinking Chickweed Montia fontana 

Narrowleaf Minerslettuce Montia linearis 

Changing Forget-me-not* Myosotis discolor 

Bay Forget-me-not Myosotis laxa 

Spring Forget-me-not Myosotis verna 

Tiny Mousetail Myosurus minimus 

Western Watermilfoil Myriophyllum hippuroides 

Daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus 

Skunkbush Navarretia squarrosa 

Smallflower Nemophila Nemophila parviflora 

Water Parsley Oenanthe sarmentosa 

Sweetcicely Osmorhiza berteroi 

Redwood-Sorrel Oxalis oregana 

Suksdorf Woodsorrel Oxalis suksdorfii 

Yellow Glandweed* Parentucellia viscosa 

Rydberg’s Penstemon Penstemon rydbergii 

Gardner’s Yampah Perideridia gairdneri 

Fragrant Popcornflower Plagiobothyrus figuratus 

Scouler’s Popcornflower Plagiobothyrus scouleri 

Narrowleaf Plantain* Plantago lanceolata 

Common Plantain* Plantago major 

Shortspur Seabrush Plectritis congesta 

Water Knotweed Polygonum amphibium 

Prostrate Knotweed* Polygonum arviculare 

Japanese Knotweed* Polygonum cuspidatum 

Curlytop Knotweed* Polygonum lapathifolium 

Spotted Ladysthumb* Polygonum persicaria

Licorice Fern Polypodium glycyrrhiza 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-20 Appendix N. List of Species 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Sword Fern Polystichum munitum 

Little Hogweed* Portulaca oleracea 

Leafy Pondweed Potamogeton foliosus 

English Cinquefoil* Potentilla anglica 

Slender Cinquefoil Potentilla gracilis 

Drops-of-gold Prosartes hookeri 

Common Selfheal* Prunella vulgaris 

Bracken Fern Pteridium aquilinum 

Tall Buttercup Ranunculus acris 

Lesser celandine* Ranunculus ficaria 

Lesser Buttercup Ranunculus flammula 

Western Buttercup Ranunculus occidentalis 

Redbacked Buttercup Ranunculus orthorhynchus 

Smallflower Buttercup* Ranunculus parviflorus 

Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens 

Celery-leaved Buttercup Ranunculus sceleratus 

Little Buttercup Ranunculus uncinatus 

Cultivated Radish* Raphanus sativus 

Bluntleaf Yellowcress Rorippa curvipes 

Curvepod Yellowcress Rorippa curvisiliqua 

Bog Yellowcress Rorippa palustris 

Sheep Sorrel* Rumex acetosella 

Curled Dock* Rumex crispus 

Toothed Dock* Rumex dentatus 

Mountain Sorrel Rumex pauciflorus 

Willow-leaved Dock Rumex salicifolius 

Redveined Dock* Rumex sanguineus 

Wigeon Grass Ruppia maritime 

Wapato Sagittaria latifolia 

Pacific Blacksnakeroot Sanicula crassicaulis 

Flaxleaf Plainsmustard* Schoenocrambe linifolia 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-21 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Softstem Bulrush Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani 

Small-flowered bulrush Scirpus microcarpus 

Blue Skullcap Scutellaria lateriflora 

Oregon Stonecrop Sedum oreganum 

Tansy Ragwort* Senecio jacobaea 

Old-man-in-the-Spring* Senecio vulgaris 

Meadow Checker-mallow Sidalcea campestris 

Nelson’s Checker-mallow† Sidalcea nelsoniana 

Dwarf Checkerbloom Sidalcea malviflora 

Sleepy Silene* Silene antirrhina 

Wild Mustard* Sinapis arvensis 

Hedgemustard* Sisymbrium officinale 

American Black Nightshade Solanum americanum 

Climbing Nightshade* Solanum dulcamara 

Buffalobur* Solanum rostratum 

Field Sowthistle* Sonchus arvensis 

Spiny Sowthistle* Sonchus asper 

Common Sowthistle* Sonchus oleraceus 

Simple-stemmed Bur-reed Sparganium emersum 

Hooded Lady’s Tresses Spiranthes romanzoffiana 

Common Duckmeat Spirodela polyrrhiza 

Coastal Hedgenettle* Stachys chamissonis 

Mexican Hedgenettle Stachys mexicana 

Curled Starwort Stellaria crispa 

Chickweed* Stellaria stellaria 

Hall’s Aster Symphyotrichum hallii 

Douglas Aster Symphyotrichum subspicatum 

Common Tansy* Tanacetum vulgare 

Common Dandelion* Taraxacum officinale 

Bigflower Tellima Tellima grandiflora 

Fendler’s Meadow-rue Thalictrum fendleri 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-22 Appendix N. List of Species 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Claspleaf Pennycress* Thlaspi perfoliatum 

Youth-on-age Tolmiea menziesii 

Pacific Poison Oak Toxicodendron diversilobum 

Goatsbeard* Tragopogon sp. 

Starflower Trientalis borealis 

Rabbitfoot Clover* Trifolium arvense 

Strawberry Clover* Trifolium fragiferum 

Alsike Clover* Trifolium hybridum 

Crimson Clover* Trifolium incarnatum 

White Clover* Trifolium repens 

Subterranean Clover* Trifolium subterraneum 

Arrowleaf Clover* Trifolium vesiculosum 

Pacific Trillium Trillium ovatum 

Smallflower Wakerobin Trillium parviflorum 

White Brodiaea Triteleia hyacinthina 

Broadleaf False Carrot* Turgenia latifolia 

Common Cattail Typha latifolia 

Stinging nettle Urtica dioica ssp. gracillis 

White Insideout Flower Vancouveria hexandra 

California False Hellebore Veratrum californicum 

Moth Mullein* Verbascum blattaria 

Common Mullein* Verbascum thapsus 

American Speedwell Veronica americana 

Water Speedwell Veronica anagallis-aquatica 

Corn Speedwell* Veronica arvensis 

Threadstalk Speedwell* Veronica filiformis 

Neckweed Veronica peregrina 

Skullcap Speedwell Veronica scutellata 

Thymeleaf Speedwell Veronica serpyllifolia 

American Vetch* Vicia americana 

Bird Vetch* Vicia cracca 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-23 

Herbaceous (forbs) 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Tiny Vetch* Vicia hirsuta 

Garden Vetch* Vicia sativa 

Slender Vetch Vicia tetrasperma 

Hookedspur Violet Viola adunca 

Stream Violet Viola glabella 

Common Whipplea Whipplea modesta 

Canada Cocklebur* Xanthium strumarium 

False Carrot* Yabea microcarpa 

*=Introduced Species 

†= Species of Concern 

Grasses 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Spike Bentgrass Agrostis exarata ssp monolepsis 

Spike Bentgrass Agrostis exarata ssp exarata 

Silver Hairgrass* Aira caryophyllea 

Water Foxtail* Alopecurus geniculatus 

Meadow Foxtail* Alopecurus pratensis 

Pacific Foxtail Alopecurus saccatus 

Sweet Grass Anthoxanthum odoratum 

Wild Oat* Avena fatua 

Slough Grass* Beckmannia syzgichne 

Soft Brome* Bromus hordeaceus 

Ripgut Brome* Bromus rigidus 

Alaska Brome Bromus sitchensis 

California Brome Bromus carinatus 

Bermudagrass* Cynodon dactylon 

Orchardgrass* Dactylis glomerata 

California oatgrass Danthonia californica 

Tufted Hairgrass Deschampsia caespitosa 

Annual Hairgrass Deschampsia danthonoides 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-24 Appendix N. List of Species 

Grasses 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Slender Hairgrass Deschampsia elongata 

Purple Foxglove* Digitalis purpurea 

Hairy Crabgrass* Digitaria sanguinalis 

Barnyard Grass* Echinochloa crusgallii 

Blue Wildrye Elymus glaucus 

Tall Fescue* Festuca arundinacea 

Idaho Fescue Festuca idahoensis 

Meadow Fescue* Festuca pratensis 

Red Fescue Festuca rubra 

Common Velvetgrass Holcus lanatus 

Oceanspray Holodiscus discolor 

Meadow Barley Hordeum brachyantherum 

Foxtail Barley* Hordeum jubatum 

Prairie Junegrass Koeleria macrantha 

Rice Cutgrass* Leersia oryzoides 

Italian Ryegrass* Lolium multiflorum 

Perennial Ryegrass* Lolium perenne 

Witchgrass Panicum capillare 

Knotgrass Paspalum disitichum 

Reed Canarygrass* Phalaris arundinacea 

Timothy Phleum pratense 

Idaho Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium idahoense 

Golden Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium californicum 

Brome Fescue Vulpia bromoides 

*=Introduced Species 

Shrubs 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Vine Maple Acer circinatum 

Saskatoon Serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia 

Canadian Serviceberry* Amelanchier canadensis 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-25 

Shrubs 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Kinnikinnick Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 

Redstem Ceanothus Ceanothus sanguineous 

Snowbrush Ceanothus velutinus 

European Centaury Centaurium erthraea 

Red-osier Dogwood Cornus sericea 

Beaked Hazlenut Corylus cornuta var. californica 

Black Hawthorn Crataegus douglasii 

Red Hawthorn* Crataegus monogyna 

Scotch Broom* Cytisus scoparius 

Western Wahoo Euonymus occidentalis 

Salal Gaultheria shallon 

English Holly Ilex aquifolium 

Hollyleaved Barberry Mahonia aquifolium 

Cascade Barberry Mahonia nervosa 

Indian Plum Oemleria cerasiformis 

Mock-Orange Philadelphus lewisii 

Pacific Ninebark Physocarpus capitatus 

Cascara Rhamnus purshiana 

Sticky Gooseberry Ribes lacustre 

Red-flowering Currant Ribes sanguineum 

Baldhip Rose Rosa gymnocarpa 

Nootka Rose Rosa nutkana 

Dwarf Rose Rosa pisocarpa 

Himalayan Blackberry* Rubus armeniacus 

Evergreen Blackberry* Rubus lacianatus 

Whitebark Raspberry Rubus leucodermis 

Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus 

Salmonberry Rubus spectabilis 

Trailing Blackberry Rubus ursinus 

Narrowleaf Willow Salix fluviatilis 

Geyer Willow Salix geyeriana 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-26 Appendix N. List of Species 

Shrubs 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Dune Willow Salix hookeriana 

Pacific Willow Salix lucida 

Scouler’s Willow Salix scouleriana 

Northwest Sandbar Willow Salix sessilifolia 

Sitka Willow Salix sitchensis 

Black Elderberry Sambucus nigra 

Red Elderberry Sambucus racemosa 

Climbing Nightshade Solanum dulcamara 

Buffalobur Nightshade Solanum rostratum 

Douglas Spiraea Spiraea douglasii var. douglasii 

White Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus 

Creeping Snowberry Symphoricarpos hesperius 

Red Huckleberry Vaccinium parvifolium 

Common Viburnum Viburnum ellipticum 

*=Introduced Species 

Trees 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Grand Fir Abies grandis 

Bigleaf Maple Acer macrophyllum 

Red Alder Alnus rubra 

Pacific Madrone Arbutus menziesii 

European White Birch* Betula pendula 

Incense Cedar* Calocedrus decurans 

Pacific Dogwood Cornus nuttallii 

Oregon Ash Fraxinus latifolia 

Black Walnut* Juglans nigra 

Pacific Crab Apple Malus fusca 

Engelmann Spruce* Picea engelmannii 

White Spruce* Picea glauca 

Ponderosa Pine Pinus ponderosa 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

Appendix N. List of Species N-27 

Trees 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Longleaf Pine* Pinus australis 

Black Cottonwood Populus balsamifera trichocarpa 

Quaking Aspen Populus tremuloides 

Bitter Cherry Prunus emarginata 

Cultivated Cherry* Prunus mahaleb 

Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii 

Common Pear* Pyrus communis 

Garry Oak Quercus garryana 

Weeping Willow* Salix sepulcralis 

Pacific Yew Taxus brevifolia 

Western Red Cedar Thuja plicata 

Western Hemlock Tsuga heterophylla 

California Laurel Umbellularia californica 

*=Introduced Species 

Other Types 

Common Name Scientific Name 

Green Algae Kingdom: Plantae 
Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan 

N-28 Appendix N. List of Species 

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