Vicksburg (Oligocene) 

Smaller Foraminifera 

From Mississippi

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241
Vicksburg (Oligocene) 

Smaller Foraminifera 

From Mississippi

By RUTH TODD

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241

Descriptions and illustrations of smaller 

Foraminifera from jive measured sections 

in western Mississippi

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1952
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

Oscar L. Chapman, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

W. E. Wrather, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office

Washington 25, D. C.
Contents

Abstract _________________

Introduction ______________

Stratigraphic sections _ _____

Systematic descriptions_ 

Family Textulariidae___ 

Family Verneuilinidae__ 

Family Valyulinidae _ _ 

Family Miliolidae. ____

Family Ophthalmidiidae 

Family Lagenidae____

Family Polymorphinidae

Page 

1

1

2

4

4

5

6

6

10

10

16

Family Nonionidae. ____________________________ 21

Systematic descriptions— Continued 

Family Heterohelicidae- _______

Family Buliminidae.-__________

Family Rotaliidae-___________

Family Amphisteginidae-------

Family Cassidulinidae- _ __--___. 

Family Chilostomellidae-______

Family Globigerinidae---------

Family Anomalinidae_________

Family Planorbulinidae__ 

Bibliography __ ___________________

Index.___________--_------_-____

24

25

34

42

42

43

43

44

46

47

49

Illustrations

Plate 1. Textulariidae, Verneuilinidae, Valvulinidae, Miliolidae, Ophthalmidiidae__--_----------_----_-------_

2. Lagenidae______--____________________-_______________________________-___-------_-------_--

3. Polymorphinidae, Nonionidae_________________________________________________-_-----_----_----

4. Heterohelicidae, Buliminidae_________________________________________________________________

5. Rotaliidae___________________________________________________________________________________

6. Rotaliidae, Amphisteginidae, Cassidulinidae, Chilostomellidae, Globigerinidae, Anomalinidae, Planorbulinidae-_______-_-________________________________________________--__--__-----------_--

Following Index

Insert

Distribution and relative abundance of Foraminifera in five Vicksburg Oligocene sections in Mississippi. Facing page 4 

in

VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

By RUTH TODD

ABSTRACT

This paper describes and illustrates a fauna of 176 species 

and varieties of smaller Foraminifera from parts of the Vicksburg group, and charts the distribution of the species found 

in five measured sections in central and western Mississippi. 

The stratigraphic units involved are the Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone, the Glendon limestone member, 

and the marl member of the Byram formation. Thirteen new 

species and three new varieties are described.

INTRODUCTION

A study of the smaller Foraminifera in samples collected by W. H. Monroe from five richly fossiliferous 

sections in the Vicksburg group (Oligocene) of Mississippi was made to see if definite correlation could be 

established from one section to another by means of 

these organisms. The results of the study are presented 

here. Additional material from other sections in the 

Vicksburg group would make a more complete and 

possibly somewhat altered picture. In present circumstances it seems advisable to complete the present work, 

which may be useful as a basis for more detailed studies 

of the smaller Foraminifera in the Vicksburg group.

The general stratigraphic section exposed in western 

Mississippi is as follows:

Middle Oligocene (Vicksburg group

restricted)

Lower Oligocene

Byram formation

Marianna limestone

Bucatunna clay member

Marl member

Glendon limestone member

Limestone member

Mint Spring marl member

Forest Hill sand (equivalent of Red Bluff clay 

to eastward)

The Forest Hill sand represents deltaic deposition with 

the landmass toward the northwest, and its equivalent 

Red Bluff clay to the eastward represents the marine 

beds offshore from the delta. At the beginning of 

Vicksburg deposition, the Forest Hill deltaic deposits 

were submerged, permitting marine waters to cover the

area. The deposition of the Glendon limestone member was in deeper water with less clastic material.

The five sections from which Mr. Monroe collected 

are located as follows: (1) Mint Spring Bayou, near 

Vicksburg, Miss.; (2) Burke Creek; (3) Gulf and Ship 

Island Railroad cut 1.5 miles south of Plain; (4) Richland Creek; and (5) Robinson Quarry near Brandon, 

Rankin County, Miss. These sections include, from 

bottom to top, the Mint Spring marl member of the 

Marianna limestone, the Glendon limestone member, 

and the typical marl member of the Byram formation, 

although not all are present in a single section.

Fifty-seven samples were prepared and examined. 

In the first two sections studied, all the samples were 

prepared, but as the hard limestone beds yielded very 

few specimens or none, in the other three sections only 

the softer beds, marls or clays or sands, were prepared. 

About two ounces of material was washed through 40-, 

80-, and 200-mesh silk screens and, after drying, the 

two finer portions were treated with carbon tetrachloride that floated off most of the smaller Foraminifera. The coarser portion was examined for large 

specimens and the sinkings of the other two portions 

were also examined for specimens which might not have 

floated. The picking was not done quantitatively, but 

an attempt was made to find all the recognizable forms 

present and a rough estimate made as to abundance, 

whether rare, common or abundant. One hundred 

seventy-six species and varieties were recognized, of 

which thirteen species and three varieties are described 

as new. Eight others may be undescribed, but available specimens do not warrant description. A few other 

forms were omitted because specimens were too few or 

poorly preserved.

The richest sections are those at Mint Spring Bayou 

and at Burke Creek: 149 species and varieties occur 

in the former and 148 in the latter, with 135 common 

to both. These two sections show the closest resemblance and differ from the other three sections in the 

relative abundance of Miliolidae, 21 species of which 

occur in these two sections in comparison with only a 

single species of this family, MassiUna decorata Gushman, in each of the other three sections. These three 

eastern sections together have 136 species and varieties, 

85 of which are common to all three. Eighty species 

and varieties are common to all five sections.
VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

The distribution chart (p. 4), showing the occurence and relative abundance of all the species in each 

sample studied, indicates the close relationships of 

the five sections.

The foraminiferal fauna here described is a composite one drawn from parts of all five sections. The 

fauna of the lower part of the Vicksburg group would 

be expected to be one characteristic of nearshore and 

shallow water conditions, and the entire section of nearly 40 feet at Mint Spring Bayou and the lower part of 

the section at Burke Creek, the most westerly of those 

in Eankin County, does bear out this expectation. With 

the coming of deeper water in Glendon time, the 

foraminiferal fauna shows a corresponding change in 

certain of its species, chiefly those belonging to the 

Miliolidae. The foraminiferal fauna as a whole, however, appears to be a single fauna with no distinct 

changes, other than the ecologic change from shallow, 

nearshore deposition of the lower beds to deeper, offshore deposition of the upper beds. From the foraminiferal evidence it appears that the entire section at 

Mint Spring Bayou is equivalent to the lower parts of 

the sections in Eankin County.

From the study of the distribution and abundance of 

the Foraminifera in these sections, the following species 

and varieties appear to be of significance and may be 

found useful in local correlation work elsewhere in this 

part of the Vicksburg group.

Massilina decorata Cushman

Bulimina ovata D'Orbigny var. primitive/, Todd, n. var. 

Umgerina mcJcsburgensis Cushman and Ellisor 

Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) var. anfracta Todd,

n. var.

Angulogerina rugoplicata Cushman 

DlsoorMs arcuato-costata Cushman 

DisoorMs su'bglo'bosa Cushman 

DiscorMs fiyramensis Cushman 

Gyroidina vicksturgensis (Cushman) 

Cancris mcksturgensls Todd, n. sp. 

Baggina seenoula, Hadley 

Asterigerina ~bra,oteata, Cushman 

Alabamina, mississippiensis Todd, n. sp.

No general, widely applicable statement could be 

made in regard to restricted ranges of any of these 

forms. In the four sections in Eankin County, the top 

occurrence of Massilina decorata Cushman appears to 

form a recognizable horizon within the Glendon limestone member of the Byram formation. As the species 

is generally abundant it should form a useful local 

marker.

The work of Mr. W. H. Moiiroe in collecting the material from these measured sections, and the invaluable 

help of Dr. Joseph A Cushman on many questions regarding determinations of species, are deeply appreciated.

STRATIGRAPHIC SECTIONS

The five sections are described below, with the stratigraphic zones numbered upward from the bottom.

Mint Spring Bayou, south of National Military Cemetery,

Vicksburg, Miss.

Byram formation. Thickness 

Marl facies. Ft. in. 

20. Yellow laminated marl to road.________ ?

19. "Ironstone".-________________ Crust

18. Harder blue and gray marl. Top ledge

in creek. Overlain by ironstone (?) _ _ 2 

17. Blue marl----_-----_-___-_-_--______ 2

16. Hard gray glauconitic marL.__________ 2

15. Gray glauconitic marl______________ 3

14. Cream-colored marl, somewhat harder

than bed 13_--_--_________________ 2

13. Glauconitic marl___---_______________ 1

12. Soft shaly limestone__-----___-_______ 2

lib. Laminated marl and sand] 1 la. Laminated marl and sandj ------------

10. Hard gray lime-_-------_____________ 1

9. Soft yellow marl-__-_____________-___ _____ 10

Glendon (?) limestone member.

8. Hard blue-gray lime. Top of waterfall. _ 2

7. Hard gray marl____________________ _____ 10

6. Gray, brown, and light blue marl with

hard break in middle-______________ 2 10

5. Hard gray lime--...____________ 2 10

4. Soft gray fossiliferous calcareous marl or

clay. —— ———— __________________ _____ 5

3. Hard gray lime-------___-_-----_--__ 2

Marianna limestone.

Mint Spring marl member.

2. Gray and brown sand and clay. Fossils.

Gray, highly calcareous sand at top__ 10 

1. Blue-gray, carbonaceous sand and clay.

Fossils———__ —— ____________ 7+

All the samples were prepared and examined and Foraminifera 

found in all except sample 1.

Section in Burke Creek, sec. 15, T. 4 N., R. 1 E., Rankin County,

Miss. 

Byram formation.

Glendon limestone member.

757-16. Light gray and brown clay filled with 

calcareous concretions ___________

757-15. Light brown marl. ________________

757-14. Slightly indurated yellow and white 

glauconitic marl_______________

757-13. Hard ledge of glauconitic, slabby 

limestone__ ___________________

757-12. Light gray, soft, highly glauconitic 

marl_---------_______________

757-11. Light gray, glauconitic, medium hard, 

slabby limestone-_______________

757-10. Soft, light gray, glauconitic marl-__-

757- 9. Hard glauconitic limestone---------

Marianna limestone.

Limestone member.

757- 8. Blue-gray marl__________________

757- 7. Slightly indurated 

limestone

Thickness 

Ft. In.

2 0

3±

1± 

1

757- 6. Soft, cream-colored (no samples).

marl

757- 5. Indurated marl____ 

757- 4. Blue-gray, coarsely glauconitic marl. 

757- 3. Coquina and concretionary limestone.

0

11
INTRODUCTION

Thickness 

Ft. in.

2 3

Thickness 

Ft. In.

Marianna limestone — Continued 

Mint Spring marl member. 

757-2b. Blue-gray, ferruginous, coarsely glauconitic marl____________________ 5 6

757-2a. Very rich shell bed. ______ __ __ _ 1 0

Forest Hill sand.

757- 1. Black, fossiliferous sand and clay ____ 3±

757- 0. Lignite..-. ______________ __ _

All the samples were prepared and examined except 0, 5, 6, 7, 

9, 11, and 13. 

*

Gulf and Ship Island Railroad cut, 1.5 miles south of Plain, 

Rankin County, Miss.

Residual clay and colluvium 

Byram formation. 

Marl facies.

521-22. White chalk, clay and calcareous

concretions-________________

521-20, 21. Ironstained calcareous clay overlain by very rich shell bed- _ _ _ 

521-19. Rich shell bed. _ . _ _________

521-18. Light yellow, soft marl__ __ _..

521-17. Very fossiliferous shell bed __ _ 

521-16. Soft yellow glauconitic limestoneGlendon(?) limestone member.

521-15. Hard white limestone.-----.---

521-14. Soft white limestone or marl _ _ 

521-13. Hard white glauconitic limestone--- ——— _-_ ___ ____ 

521-12. Medium hard, cream-colored,

glauconitic, fossiliferous marl_ 

521-11. Hard gray limestone.- __ _____

521-10. Soft yellow glauconitic marl--__ 

521- 9. Hard gray glauconitic limestone521- 8. Soft, cream-colored, fossiliferous,

glauconitic marl_____________

521- 7. Hard, white to cream-colored,

glauconitic limestone, fossils

abundant __ _______________

521- 6. Light blue-gray, highly glauconitic, calcareous clay, containing prolific shell bed 6" above

base; weathers yellow. _______

521- 5. Hard, yellow, slabby, very fossiliferous, glauconitic limestone. 

521- 4. Cream-colored, glauconitic, fossiliferous marl________________

521- 3. Hard, white, fossiliferous limestone.----- __ ____________

521- 2. Soft, cream-colored marl, contains no glauconite, many soft

shells..- ____ _______ __ 

521- 1. Hard, cream-colored, fine grained,

fossiliferous limestone.----.--

3

7

3

6

7

10

6

7

10

3

9

8

11

0 10

0 10

1 ^ 2

1 6-f

Thickness 

Ft. In.

All the samples were prepared and examined, except 22, and 

Foraminifera found in all except 7. The three groups of samples: 

18 and 19, 13 to 15, and 9 to 11, were each prepared as composite 

samples.

Richland Creek, sec. 3, T. 4 N., R. 2 E., Rankin County, Miss.

Byram formation.

Glendon(?) limestone member.

545-8. Hard, cream-colored limestone.------ 1 0

545-7. Hard marl, blue at base, cream-colored

and flaky in middle, cream-colored

and massive at top. The middle

layer may be limestone----------- 4 6

545-6. Very hard, white and cream-colored,

finely glauconitic limestone._______ 1 1

545-5. Grayish, cream-colored, soft marl.

Very rich shell bed at base.-------- 2 5

545-4. Hard white limestone.______________ 1 2

545-3. Hard, light blue, flaky marl..____-.- 1 8

545-2. Hard, light blue, glauconitic marl that

weathers to cream color--...-.---- 1 8 

545-1. Light blue, glauconitic, medium-hard

limestone ___ ___________________ ?

All the samples were prepared and examined except 1, 4, and 6.

Robinson Quarry, near Brandon, sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Rankin 

County, Miss.

Residual clay 

Byram formation.

Glendon(?) limestone member.

662-15. Hard limestone from high bed. Exact

relation not shown. 

Residual clay. 

662-14. Hard ledge of limestone-___________

662-13. Soft marl. Many Lepidocyclinas at 

base..-----.-------------------

662-12. Hard yellow limestone______-___--_

662-11. Soft yellow clay or marl_____---__

662-10. Massive overhanging ledge of limestone--------------------------

662- 9. Soft, gray marl, passing upward into 

light brown marl________-__---_-

662- 8. Hard ledge of white limestone full of 

fossils.. _____________-_--_-_-_--

662- 7. Highly fossiliferous gray soft marl. 

Upper part full of large Lepidocyclinas- __________-_--__-_----_

662- 6. Gray limestone.------------------

662- 5. Dark gray clay passing upward into

soft yellow marl, both fossiliferous662- 4. Very fossiliferous soft marl_________

662- 3. Hard blue-gray limestone ----------

662- 2. Soft blue-gray marl______________

662- 1. Hard ledge of blue-gray limestone--_- 

Concealed from bottom of quarry _ _

Thickness 

Ft. In.

3

10

10

Only samples 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 were prepared and 

examined.
VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 

Family TEXTTTLARIIDAE

Genus SPIROPLECTAMMINA Cushman, 1927

Spiroplectammina mississippiensis (Cushman) Cushman and Todd

Plate 1, figure 1

Textularia mississippiensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 129-E, p. 90, pi. 14, fig. 4, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 125,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 17,1923. 

Cushman and Applin, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull.,

vol. 10, p. 166, pi. 6, figs. 10,11,1926. 

Cushman and G. D. Hanna, California Acad. Sci. Proc,,

4th ser., vol. 16, p. 211, pi. 13, fig. 5,1927. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol.

5, p. 79, pi. 12, fig. 5,1929. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 27, pi.

10, fig. 3, 1930. 

Howe and Wallace, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 2,

p. 19, pi. 1, fig. 7,1932. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 7, pi. 1,

figs. 3, 4, 1935. 

Davis, Jour. Paleontology", vol. 15, p. 150, pi. 24, figs. 15-17;

pi. 25, figs. 5, 6, 1941. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 14, pi. 1,

figs. 2, 4, 1942. 

Cushman and Siegfus, San Diego Soc. Nat. History Trans.,

vol. 9, no. 34, p. 401, pi. 15, fig. 6,1942. 

Goudkoff and Porter, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull.,

vol. 26, p. 1653 (list), 1942. 

Kelley, idem. vol. 27, pp. 8, 11 (lists), 1943.

Spiroplectammina mississippiensis Cushman and Todd, Gushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 21, p. 80, pi. 13,

fig. 1, 1945; vol. 22, p. 76, pi. 13, fig. 10, 1946. 

Stuckey, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 20, p. 163, pi. 29, figs.

6, 7,11, 1946. 

Cushman and Stone, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special

Pub. 20, p. 3, pi. 1, fig. 7, 1947. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 4, pi. 1, fig,

5,1947.

Test elongate, fairly broad, thickest in the middle, thence 

thinning toward the periphery, in end view biconvex, central 

portion curved; chambers rather low and broad, especially in 

the early stages, becoming higher in the adult and often less 

broad so that the later chambers in the adult make a test less 

wide than at earlier stages; sutures covered by a coarsely 

arenaceous layer meeting in the center and at the periphery, 

leaving the central portion of each chamber uncovered, periphery irregular, not definitely or regularly spinose; chamber 

walls smooth and finely perforate. Length 0.40 to 0.55 millimeter.—Cushman.

The chamber walls are apparently not "finely perforate" but are very smoothly finished and may 

appear so.

This species, described from the Byram formation, 

is present and generally abundant nearly throughout 

all the sections.

Spiroplectammina mississippiensis (Cushman) Cushman and Todd 

var. alabamensis (Cushman) Cushman and Herrick

Plate 1, figure 2

Textularia mississippiensis Cushman var. alabamensis Cushman, 

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 17, pi. 1, fig. 4,1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, pi.

1, fig. 6,1933. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 7, pi. 1,

figs. 5, 6, 1935. 

Davis, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 15, p. 150, pi. 25, figs. 2, 3,

1941.

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 15, 1942. 

Cushman and MacGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 66, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Spiroplectammina mississippiensis (Cushman) var. alabamensis Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research 

Contr., vol. 21, p. 56, pi. 9, figs. 1-3, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 80, pi. 13, fig. 2, 1945;

vol. 22, p. 76, pi. 13, fig. 11,1946.

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 16, p. 4, pi. 1, fig. 3, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 10 (list), 1948. 

Spiroplectammina alabamensis Stuckey, Jour. Paleontology, vol.

20, p. 164, pi. 29, figs. 4, 5,1946.

, Variety differing from the typical species in the more elongate 

form, somewhat thicker test, especially in the center, the less 

well-defined peripheral carina, and the sutures excavated instead of being covered by an arenaceous layer.—Cushman.

This variety, described from the Glendon limestone 

member of the Byram formation in Alabama, is widely 

distributed in all the sections but is less abundant than 

the typical form. Specimens are somewhat larger, 

adult specimens ranging from 0.55 to 0.75 mm in length.

Spiroplectammina howei Stuckey 

Plate 1, figures 3, 4

Spiroplectammina liowei Stuckey, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 20, p.

164, pi. 29, figs. 8-10, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 77, pi. 13, fig. 12, 1946; vol. 24, p. 5 (list), 1948. 

Test elongate, about twice as long as broad, flattened, thickest 

in the middle, early coiled initial portion comprising about onefifth of the test, sides nearly parallel in rectilinear portion which 

generally consists of a series of eight biserial chambers; chamber walls smooth, sutures depressed yet filled with arenaceous 

cementation material; median line broad, thickened and limbate; aperture an elliptical opening in the base of the lastformed chamber.—Stuckey.

Length 0.70 to 1.25 mm, breadth 0.40 to 0.50 mm, 

thickness 0.17 to 0.25 mm.

Genus TEXTULARIA Defrance, 1824 

Textularia tumidula Cushman

Textularia tumidulum Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 89, pi. 15, figs. 1, 2, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 125,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 15, 1923. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 1, fig. 3, 1933.

Davis, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 15, p. 152, pi. 25, fig. 10, 1941. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 65, 1942.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 77, pi. 13, fig. 13, 1946.

Test large, elongate, compressed, thickest in, the central 

region, thence thinning toward the periphery, initial end rapidly 

broadening in the adult, the sides nearly parallel to a point 

near the apertural end, where the breadth of the test is reduced; 

chambers numerous, in the adult about three times as wide as 

high, and the last-formed chamber in many old-age specimens 

somewhat distinctly set off from the others, the inner portion 

of each chamber much thicker than the other portions and 

in the rapid decrease in thickness often leaving a channel running lengthwise of the test between this central tumid area and 

the gradually sloping outer portion, usually very well marked 

in adult specimens; sutures not very distinct; wall arenaceous 

but smoothly finished. Largest specimen 2.5 millimeters in 

length.—Cushman.

Rare and fragmentary specimens from the Mint 

Spring Bayou and Burke Creek sections belong to this 

large species, described from the Byram formation.

Textularia subhauerii Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 5

Textularia subhauerii Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 89, pi. 14, fig. 2,1922; Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 126,

1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 16, 1923; Jour. Paleontology,

vol. 1, p. 148, pi. 23, fig. 2, 1927.

Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57b,

p. 6, 1930. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 8, pi. 1,

fig. 10, 1935. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 103,

1938.

Davis, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 15, p. 152, pi. 25, fig. 15, 1941. 

Howe, idem, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 17, 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 77, pi. 13, fig. 14, 1946.

Test large, stout, elongate, early portion rapidly increasing 

in width with each newly added chamber, later adult portion 

with the sides nearly parallel, slightly lobulated; periphery 

rounded but the median portion nearly flat; chambers eighteen 

to twenty, increasing in height as added, those of the later 

portion nearly as high as broad, sutures usually rather indistinct; wall coarsely arenaceous but smoothly finish on the 

exterior; aperture at the base of the inner margin of the chamber. Length 2 mm. or less.—Cushman.

This species, known from the upper Eocene and the 

Oligocene, occurs in scattered samples throughout all 

five sections. The surface of the test is much rougher 

than in Tesetularia adalta or T. tumidula.

Textularia adalta Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 6

Textularia adalta Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 29, pi. 4, fig. 2, 1926; U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 8, pi. 1, figs. 11,12, 1935. 

Davis, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 15, p. 147, pi. 24, figs. 1, 2,

1941. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 11, pi. 1,

figs. 7, 9, 1942. 

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 57,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 80, pi. 13, figs. 3, 4,

1945.

Test elongate, slender, early portion tapering and compressed, 

adult portion thicker and with the sides nearly parallel, periphery subacute except in the last few chambers which are 

rounded; chambers numerous, the last 5 or 6 making up half 

the test, earlier ones indistinct, low and broad, later ones 

more inflated, higher; sutures distinct especially in the later 

portion where they are somewhat depressed, usually oblique; 

wall finely arenaceous, only slightly roughened; aperture a high 

arched opening in the central part of the base of the apertural 

face. Maximum length 2 mm.—Cushman.

Specimens widely distributed in all the sections seem 

identical, upon comparison with the types, with this 

species, known from the upper Eocene of Alabama, 

Mississippi, Georgia, and Texas.

Family VERNEUILINIDAE

Genus Gaudryina D'Orbigny, 1839 

Gaudryina (Siphogaudryina) youngi Howe

Plate 1, figure 7

Gaudryina youngi Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p. 328, pi.

27, flg. 1, 1930. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub.

7, p. 77, pi. 11, figs. 15, 16,1937.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub.

7A, p. 21,1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 77, pi. 13, fig.

15,1946; vol. 24, p. 5 (list), 1948. 

Textularia (nearest to siphonifera) Howe, Jour. Paleontology,

vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928.

Test elongate, tapering, greatest width near the apertural 

end, early portion triserial and tricarinate, later portion biserial 

and subquadrate; the angles distinct, the broader faces of the 

test flattened, the angles of each chamber marked by fistulose 

processes which are usually broken at the tip showing the hollow within. Sutures distinct and depressed. Wall finely arenaceous. Aperture an arched opening on the inner margin of 

the last formed chamber. Length 0.65 mm; breadth 0.22 mm; 

thickness 0.125 mm.—Howe.

This distinctive small species occurs in scattered 

samples in all the sections. It was described from the 

Byram formation and has been recorded from the Red 

Bluff clay of Mississippi and the Glendon limestone 

member of the Byram of Alabama.

Gaudryina (Siphogaudryina) glabrata (Cushman) Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 8

Ehrenbergina glabrata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 93, pi. 17, fig. 4, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p.

24,1923. 

P. Applin, Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 9,

p. 24,1925. 

Gaudryina (Siphoffaudryina) glabrata, Cushman, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Special Pub. 7, p. 77, pi. 11, figs. 17,

18,1937. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 78, pi. 13, figs.

16, 17,1946.

This minute species was found in only two samples. 

It is distinctive in its thin and very smooth wall and 

low, broad chambers separated by deeply incised 

sutures.
6 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Family VALVULINIDAE

Genus Karreriella Cushman, 1933

Karreriella advena (Cushman) Cushman

Plate 1, figure 9

Gaudryina advena, Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

133, p. 22, pi. 3, fig. 1, 1923.

Ho we, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Karreriella, advena, Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Special Pub. 8, p. 130, pi. 15, fig. 10, 1937. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 8A,

p. 43, 1947.

Cushman and'Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948. 

Test elongate, tapering, slightly compressed, greatest breadth 

near the apertural end, earliest whorl apparently with more 

than three chambers, later triserial, and in the adult biserial, 

rounded in transverse section; chambers rather indistinct; 

sutures very slightly depressed, mostly indistinct; wall arenaceous, with larger angular fragments and a finer ground mass, 

firmly cemented; aperture in the adult elongate horizontally, 

above the base of the chamber, with a distinct lip. Length up 

to 1.50 mm; breadth 0.40-0.60 mm; thickness 0.30-0.50 mm.— 

Cushman, 1937.

This species, described from the Byram formation, is 

rather common in the Mint Spring Bayou section, rare 

in three sections, and absent from the fifth. Superficially it resembles Tesetularia addlta, but, even where 

the terminal aperture is not preserved, it may be distinguished by its more cylindrical test and higher chambers.

Genus Liebusella Cushman, 1933

Liebusella byramensis (Cushman) Cushman var. turgida 

(Cushman) Cushman

Plate 1, figure 10

Clavulina byramensis Cushman var. turgida Cushman, U. S.

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 22, pi. 2, figs. 4, 5, 1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Liebusella byramensis (Cushman) var. turgida Cushman, U. S.

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 11, pi. 2, fig. 9, 1935;

Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 8, p. 165,

pi. 19, figs. 20, 21, 1937.

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 19, 1942. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Applin and Jordan, idem, vol. 19, p. 130 (list), 1945. 

Cushman and Ellisor, idem, vol. 19, p. 549, pi. 71, fig. 16,1945. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub.

16, p. 5, pi. 1, figs. 8-10,1946; Special Pub. 8A, p. 58,1947. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948.

This form is rare in the present material, being 

represented mainly by immature forms that resemble 

globular strutureless masses of glassy and white opaque 

grains, firmly cemented. However, a few adult specimens show the same type of selection of grains in color 

and size and indicate the relationship of the small 

globular masses. Broken specimens show a very 

smoothly finished interior.

Pamily MILIOIIDAE

Genus Quinqueloeulina D'Orbigny, 1826

Quinqueloculina cookei Cushman

Plate 1, figures 11,12

Quingueloculina, cooJcei Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-F, p. 141, pi. 33, figs. 2, 3,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 54, 

1923.

Test three to four times as long as broad, apertural 

end extended in a conspicuous cylindrical neck, periphery of the test carinate, in early stages with a single 

carina, in later stages with two carinae and concave between ; chambers rapidly increasing in size, broadest at 

the basal end, slightly twisted; sutures distinct but not 

depressed; wall thin, smooth, glossy in well-preserved 

specimens; aperture circular with a slight lip, tooth not 

observed. Length 0.70 to ^0.85 mm, breadth 0.17 to 

0.30 mm.

This species was described from the Mint Spring 

marl member of the Marianna limestone and has not 

been recorded elsewhere. Scattered specimens in the 

Mint Spring Bayou section and abundant specimens in 

sample 4 of the Burke Creek section appear to belong 

here although they are smaller than the original description indicates.

Quinqueloculina vicksburgensis Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 13

Quingueloculina, vicksburgensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 141, pi. 34, fig. 6, 1922; Prof. Paper 

133, p. 52, 1923. 

Quinqueloculina venusta Karrer? var. Cushman, idem, Prof.

Paper 129-E, p. 102, pi. 26, fig. 5,1922.

Test much elongate, narrow; chambers distinct; basal end 

broadly rounded, projecting; apertural end also projecting, 

forming a cylindrical neck and rounded aperture; periphery of 

the test subacute; surface smooth, dull. Length nearly 2 mm, 

width 0.5 mm.—Cushman.

A very few specimens from the Mint Spring Bayou 

and Burke Creek sections seem to belong to this species, 

known from the Glendon limestone member of the 

Byram formation and Mint Spring marl member 

of the Marianna limestone of Mississippi.

Quinqueloculina byramensis Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 14

Quinqueloculina byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 133, p. 54, pi. 8, fig. 5, 1923.

Test slightly longer than broad, equally rounded at 

initial and apertural ends, sharply triangular in end 

view, periphery acute; chambers not inflated, last two 

of nearly equal size; sutures indistinct; wall ornamented by a reticulate pattern made up of strong longitudinal costae between which are weaker transverse 

ridges; surface shiny where well preserved; aperture
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS

triangular, not projecting, apparently without a lip or 

tooth. Length 0.30 to 0.43 mm, breadth 0.25 to 0.30 mm. 

A few specimens of this distinctive species, known 

only from the Byram formation, occur in two of the 

sections.

ftuinqueloculina tessellata Cushman

Quinqueloculina tessellata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 129-F, p. 142, pi. 33, fig. 8; pi. 34, fig. 1, 1922; Prof.

Paper 133, p. 54,1923. 

Dumble, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 8, p. 444

(list), 1924. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 21, pi. 2, figs.

11, 14, 1942. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 1, 1942.

One broken specimen was found in the lowest sample 

of the Mint Spring Bayou section. This species differs 

from Q. ~byramensis in its more elongate form and much 

finer ornamentation.

ftuinqueloculina cra&sa D'Orbigny var. macerata Cushman and

Todd

Plate 1, figure 16

Quinquelooulina crassa D'Orbigny var. macerata Cushman and 

Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, 

p. 79, pi. 14, figs. 3, 4,1946.

Quinqueloculina crassa,?, Cushman (not D'Orbigny), U. S. 

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 102, pi. 27, figs. 1, 2, 

1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 52,1923.

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 104, 

pi. 24, fig. 4,1938.

Quinqueloculina cf. crassa Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 550, pi. 72, fig. 4,1945.

This finely costate variety, described from the Byram 

formation, differs from the typical form in its more 

elongate test and more angular chambers. It has been 

recorded also from Choctaw Bluff, Alabama, and from 

the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas. 

Specimens occur rarely in three of the sections.

Quinqueloculina mcglameryae Cushman and Todd 

Plate 1. figure 15

Quinqueloculina mcglameryae Cushman and Todd, Cushman 

Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 80, pi. 13, figs. 

22, 23, 1946.

Quinqueloculina sp. Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 2, 1942. 

Test small, nearly as brpad as long, nearly circular in front 

view, periphery angled but somewhat rounded; chambers distinct, increasing rather rapidly in size as added; sutures distinct but not depressed; wall with rather few, coarse costae, 

parallel to the periphery; aperture rounded, with the outer 

wall of the final chamber somewhat overhanging, usually without a definite apertural tooth. Maximum length 0.50 mm; 

breadth 0.40 mm.; thickness 0.30 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

This species resembles Quinquelocuilina crassa 

D'Orbigny var. macerata Cushman and Todd in general 

form, but is much smaller. Specimens occur rarely in 

two of the sections.

ftuinqueloculina monroei Cushman and Todd 

Plate 1, figure 17

Quinqueloculina monroei Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 79, pi. 14, figs. 1,

2, 1946. 

Quinqueloculina, bicostata D'Orbigny var. Cushman, U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 102, pi. 26, figs. 2-4, 1922;

Prof. Paper 133, p. 52, 1923. 

Quinqueloculina byramensis Hermes (not Cushman), Thesis

Univ. Utrecht, p. 35, pi. 5, fig. 3, 1945.

Test elongate, nearly 2^ times as long as broad, much compressed, base and apertural end each somewhat projecting beyond the general outline of the test, periphery angled, in the 

earlier stages concave with two distinct costae somewhat 

rounded, the final chamber often with three or more distinctly 

raised costae with deep depressions between; chambers distinct, 

rather narrow; sutures .distinct, slightly depressed; wall 

smooth except for the strongly developed costae; aperture 

rounded, at the end of the projecting apertural end of the 

chamber. Maximum length 1.50 mm; breadth 0.60 mm; thickness 0.40 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

Young specimens have only a single carina on a periphery that is more acute than that of specimens in 

later stages.

This species occurs in some numbers in the Mint 

Spring Bayou and Burke Creek sections. It was described from the Glendon limestone member of the Byram formation and has been recorded from the Mint 

Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone in Mississippi, the Marianna limestone of Alabama, and the 

"Oligo-Miocene" of Cuba.

ftuinqueloculina fulgida Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 1, figure 18

Quinqueloculina contorta Cushman (not D'Orbigny), U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 142, pi. 34, figs. 2, 3, 1922; 

Prof. Paper 133, p. 53,1923.

Test oval, length about 1.% times breadth, periphery 

subacute in early stages, smoothly rounded in later 

stages; chambers of even size from initial to apertural 

end, evenly curved; sutures distinct, depressed; wall 

smooth, polished; aperture slightly projecting, large, 

rounded, with a short, bifid tooth. Length 0.50 to 0.85 

mm., breadth 0.22 to 0.50 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. No. 47517) from the middle Oligocene, Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone (sample 2), Mint Spring Bayou, south 

of National Military Cemetery, Vicksburg, Miss.

This species differs from Quinqueloculina contorta 

D'Orbigny in its smoothly rounded, not flat, periphery 

and its more projecting apertural end. It differs from 

Q. monroei Cushman and Todd in its broader form and 

smoothly rounded periphery.

Specimens are not common and were found in only 

four samples of the Mint Spring Bayou section. The 

references above are to specimens from the Mint Spring 

marl member of the Marianna limestone.
VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

ftuinqueloeulina glabrata Cushman 

Plate 1, figures 19, 20

Quinqueloculina glabrata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 129-F, p. 141, pi. 34, fig. 8, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, 

p. 52,1923. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 549,

pi. 72, figs. 1,2,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 78, pi. 13, fig. 19,1946.

Quinqueloculina viclcsburgensis Cushman and Todd (not Cushman), idem, vol. 22, p. 78, pi. 13, fig. 21, 1946.

Test elongate, compressed, basal end rounded, apertural end extended into a slender neck, periphery acute, 

carinate; chambers compressed, sides may be slightly 

concave; sutures distinct, depressed; wall smooth; aperture circular, at the end of a prominent neck, surrounded by a slight lip, and with a slender bifid tooth. 

Length 0.70 to 1.00 mm or more, breadth 0.25 to 0.45 mm.

The considerable series of specimens available for 

study seems to show that two forms are present: one, 

long, slender, and compressed; and the other, more 

broadly oval and thicker. This species differs from 

Quinqueloculina \cookei Cushman in having a single, 

not double, carina, even in its fully adult stages. The 

carina is made serrate in many specimens by the breaking of its thin edge.

This is a fairly abundant species in the two sections 

where Miliolidae occur in any numbers: Mint Spring 

Bayou and Burke Creek. It has been recorded from 

the Byram formation of Mississippi and the subsurface 

Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas.

Genus Massilina Schlumberger, 1893

Massilina decorata Cushman

Plate 1, figure 21

Massilina decorata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-F, p. 143, pi. 23, fig. 7, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 55,

1923. 

Cushman and G. D. Hanna, California Acad. Sci. Proc., 4th

ser., vol. 16, p. 224, 1927.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5,

p. 40, pi. 7, fig. 1,1929. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 29, pi. 10,

fig. 5, 1930. 

Howe and Wallace, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 2,

p. 20, pi. 2, fig. 6, 1932. 

Cushman and McMasters, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 10, p.

510, pi. 74, fig. 8, 1936. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 13, pi. 3,

figs. 14-16, 1935; Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 35, p. 52, pi. 9, fig. 13,1939. 

Galloway and Heminway, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey

Porto Rico and Virgin Is., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 314, pi. 5, fig. 1,

1941. 

Bergquist, 'Mississippi Geol. Survey BuU. 49, p. 22, pi. 1,

fig. 26, 1942. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 3, 1942. 

Franklin, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 18, p. 308, pi. 45, fig. 7,

1944.

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 16,

p. 5, pi. 1, fig. 11,1946.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948. 

Massilina cf. decorata Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub.

22, p. 9, pi. 2, fig. 14, 1947.

Test much flattened, elliptical or oval, slightly longer than 

wide, basal and apertural ends projecting, the apertural end 

narrowed to a small cylindrical neck, nearly in the longitudinal 

axis of the test; sutures rather indistinct; surface dull white; 

periphery rounded, the sides ornamented by very fine pits, giving a finely granular appearance to the test. Length 1 mm or 

less.—Cushman.

This species has been recorded from middle Eocene 

to lower Miocene strata from the Gulf Coastal region, 

California, a core taken off the east coast of the United 

States, Porto Kico, Venezuela, and Trinidad.

In the five sections here studied it seems to be one 

of the most important species. It is the only miliolid 

form that occurs in all of the sections and is abundant 

in all. Furthermore, in the four sections in Rankin 

County it occurs only in the lower parts of the sections 

and the upper limit of its occurrence seems to form a 

recognizable horizon within the Glendon limestone 

member of the Byram formation.

Genus Spiroloculina D'Orbigny, 1826

Spiroloculina occlusa (Cushman) Cushman and Todd

Plate 1, figure 23

Massilina occlusa Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-E, p. 104, pi. 28, flg. 2, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 55, 

1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928; vol.

16, p. 267 (list), 1942.

Spiroloculina, occlusa Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. 

Research Special Pub. 11, p. 15, pi. 3, fig. 12, 1944; idem, 

Contr., vol. 22, p. 80, pi. 14, fig. 7,1946; vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 

1948.

Test small, elongate, elliptical, flat, periphery slightly concave with limbate margins; chambers involute, only the last 

two visible, quadrangular in section, projecting into a narrow 

neck at the apertural end; sutures indistinct, depressed, irregular, due to the last chamber irregularly overlapping the 

previous one; wall smooth, polished; aperture quadrangular, 

without a lip, with a short simple tooth on the inner margin. 

Length 0.45-0.65 mm; breadth 0.25-0.30 mm ; thickness 0.12-0.15 

mm.—Cushman and Todd.

This species, described from the Red Bluff clay 

and Glendon limestone member of the Byram formation, occurs in scattered samples in two of the sections.

Spiroloculina spissa Cushman and Todd

Plate 1, figure 22

Spiroloculina spissa Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Special Pub. 11, p. 19, pi. 3, figs. 18-21, 1944;

idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 81, pi. 14, fig. 6, 1946; vol. 24,

p. 8 (list), 1948. 

Spiroloculina grateloupi Cushman (not D'Orbigny), U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 101, pi. 25, fig. 2, 1922;

Prof. Paper 133, p. 50, 1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 9

Test elongate, oval, about 2^ times as long as broad, deeply 

excavated in the central portion, periphery broad, slightly 

convex, distinctly angled at the margins; chambers few, rapidly 

increasing in size and thickness as added, strongly projecting 

and broadest at the base, thence tapering to the slender, elongate 

neck at the apertural end, peripheral margins of earlier chambers evident as raised ridges in the early portion of the test; 

sutures distinct, deeply depressed; wall smooth, polished; aperture fl'attened-oval with longest diameter at right angles to 

breadth of test, with a short tooth on the inner margin of the 

aperture, and a short, sometimes bifid, one on the opposite margin. Length 0.50-0.55 mm; breadth 0.22-0.25 mm; thickness 

0.18-0.20 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

This species occurs rarely in two of the sections. It 

is known only from the Byram formation, Red Bluff 

clay, and Vicksburg group in Mississippi.

Genus Articulina D'Orbigny, 1826

Articulina byramensis Cushman

Plate 1, figure 28

Articulina byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-E, p. 103, pi. 27; figs. 5, 6, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F, 

p. 143,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 56,1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 10,

p. 7, pi. 1, figs. 18, 19, 1944. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 552,

pi. 72, fig. 10, 1945.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 22, p. 82, pi. 14, figs. 10, 11, 1946; vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 

1948.

Test of two portions, a basal triloculine portion followed by 

a single linear chamber, the earlier portion with the lip of the 

antepenultimate chamber standing out free at the base, that 

of the penultimate chamber covered by the base of the lastformed one, last chamber rounded in transverse section or 

slightly compressed, with a broadly flaring, slightly downwardcurved lip; aperture rounded, slightly longer than wide; surface of the test with numerous longitudinal costae, sharp, 

sometimes, especially in the final chamber, anastomosing. 

Length 1.25 mm.—Cushman.

A few scattered specimens, but none showing the 

uniserial chamber, occur in the Mint Spring Bayou and 

Burke Creek sections. They are recognizable by their 

high, sharp, anastomosing costae.

Articuliua adveua (Cushman) Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 27

Verte'bralina advena Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 102, pi. 25, figs. 5, 6,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 51,

1923.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 66, pi. 4, fig. 5, 1942. 

ArtiouUna advena Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Special Pub. 10, p. 8, pi. 1, figs. 20, 21,1944. 

Cushman and Ellisor5 Jour. Paleontology ? vol. 19, p. 552,

pi. 72, fig. 9, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 81, pi. 14, figs. 8, 9, 1946; vol. 24, p. 8 (list),

1948.

Test of medium size, quinqueloculine or triloculine in the 

earlier stages; chambers distinct; sutures very slightly depressed ; wall ornamented with fine, longitudinal costae mostly 

parallel to the periphery, not anastomosing; aperture with a 

distinct lip, thickened at the margin, and little if at all flaring. 

Length 0.55-0.70 mm; diameter 0.40-1.00 mm.—Cushman, 1944.

This species, which is much broader than Articulina 

byramensis and has the costae less prominent, occurs 

rarely.

Genus Triloculina D'Orbigny, 1826

Triloculina byramensis Cushman and Todd 

Plate 1, figure 25

Trilooulinot byramensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 83, pi. 14, figs. 16, 17,

1946. 

Triloculina sp. Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey

Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 104, pi. 24, fig. 5, 1938. 

Test small, somewhat longer than broad, periphery broadly 

rounded, tending to become slightly angular at the base; 

chambers distinct, inflated; sutures distinct, but only slightly 

depressed; wall smooth, polished; aperture nearly circular, 

with a distinctly thickened lip and a short, broad tooth with 

slight expansions at the outer angles. Maximum length 0.40 

mm; breadth 0.30 mm; thickness 0.22 mm.—Cushman and Todd. 

Re-examination of paratypes of this species from the 

Byram formation of Mississippi shows the presence of 

faint longitudinal costae, which apparently may or may 

not be, present.

The species occurs fairly frequently in the Mint 

Spring Bayou and Burke Creek sections.

Triloculina sculpturata Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 24

Triloculina sculpturata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 129-F, p. 143, pi. 33, figs. 4, 5, 1922; Prof. Paper 

133, p. 57, 1923; Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 5, p. 40, pi. 7, fig. 2, 1929.

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 83, pi. 14, fig. 14, 1946. 

Test about twice as long as wide; periphery rounded or truncate ; sutures indistinct; surface peculiarly sculptured, in general formed of longitudinal costae with broad surfaces, together 

with irregular connections, forming areolae; aperture rounded, 

with a simple tooth. Length 0.5 millimeter.—Cushman.

This beautifully ornamented species occurs commonly 

in the Mint Spring Bayou and Burke Creek sections. 

It is known only from the Mint Spring marl member 

of the Marianna limestone and Byram formation and 

should make a good index fossil for the shallowerwater facies of these formations.

Triloculina peroblonga Cushman 

Plate 1, figure 26

Triloculina peroWonga Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-F, p. 143, pi. 34, figs. 4, 5, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, 

p. 56, 1923.

Test much elongate, periphery rounded; chambers rounded at 

the base; the apertural end coming to or extending slightly 

beyond the base of the previous chamber; aperture rounded
10 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

with a simple tooth and a slightly thickened lip; sutures distinct; wall dull white, smooth. Length 1.5 millimeters or 

less. — Cushman.

A few scattered specimens seem to belong to this 

species, described and known only from Mint Spring 

Bayou. They are, however, much smaller, none exceeding 0.48 mm in length.

Triloculina architectura Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 1, figure 33

Test large, oval, about 1% times as long as broad, flat 

and angled on the periphery ; chambers rapidly increasing in size, curved longitudinally, angular in section, 

sides slightly concave; sutures distinct, incised; wall 

dull, matte, sometimes very faintly and finely costate 

in part; aperture very slightly projecting, oval, without 

a lip, with a long, slender tooth that is bifid at the tip. 

Length 0.65 to 1.00 mm, breadth 0.35 to 0.60 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. No. 47618) from the middle Oligocene, limestone member of the Marianna limestone (sample 757-4), section in Burke Creek, sec. 15, 

T. 4 N., R. 1 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This species resembles topotypes of Quinqiieloculina 

contorta, D'Orbigny from the Miocene of the Vienna 

Basin but differs in being triloculine and in being proportionally shorter.

It was found in only one sample but abundantly in it.

Genus Pyrgo Defrance, 1824

Pyrgo byramensis Cushman and Todd

Plate 1, figure 29

Pyrgo byramensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. 

Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 83, pi. 14, figs. 18, 19, 1946 ; vol. 

24, p. 8 (list), 1948.

Test small, slightly longer than broad, broadly rounded in 

transverse section, base broadly rounded, apertural end somewhat tapering; chambers distinct, strongly inflated; sutures 

distinct but only slightly depressed ; wall smooth and polished ; 

aperture circular, without a distinct lip, the apertural tooth 

with a peculiar trilobate form in end view and somewhat 

rounded in front view. Maximum length 0.60 mm ; breadth 0.45 

mm ; thickness 0.35 mm. — Cushman and Todd.

This species, described from the Byram formation 

and recorded in the Red Bluff clay, occurs commonly in 

the Burke Creek section and less frequently in the Mint 

Spring Bayou section.

Pyrgo monroei Cushman and Todd 

Plate 1, figure 30

Pyrgo monroei Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Eesearch Contr., vol. 22, p. 84, pi. 14, figs. 20, 21, 1946. 

Test somewhat longer than broad, in front view nearly rectangular, in side view biconvex; chambers distinct, the outer 

side gently convex, the other two sides flattened or somewhat 

concave, with the peripheral angles slightly keeled; sutures 

rather obscure, slightly depressed ; wall smooth, except for the 

peripheral angles, polished; aperture nearly circular, with a 

slightly thickened border and a tooth with a narrow base and

two lateral projections. Maximum length 0.55 mm; breadth 

0.35 mm; thickness 0.35 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

Single specimens were found in three samples. The 

species was described from the Byram formation.

Genus Flintia Schubert, 1911

Flintia laticoncava Cushman

Plate 1, figure 31

Flintia Iflticoncava Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 11, p. 26, pi. 4, fig. 3,1935.

Test in the early stages quinqueloculine, later becoming inyolute and planispiral, two chambers making up the final whorl, 

and in the later stages tending somewhat to become evolute, 

periphery broadly rounded, sides concave; chambers distinct, 

in the adult three-sided in transverse section, the periphery 

convex, and the two sides concave, the angles somewhat 

rounded; sutures distinct, somewhat irregularly crenulate; wall 

smooth; aperture semicircular with a distinct, rounded lip 

and a broad tooth. Length 0.50 mm; breadth 0.40 mm; thickness 0.40 mm.—Cushman.

Numerous specimens in various stages of development 

represent this species in the Mint Spring Bayou and 

Burke Creek sections. It was described from a zone 

6 feet above ledge under suspension bridge on Pearl 

River, Byram, Miss.

Family OPHTHALMIDIIDAE

Genus Cornuspira Schultze, 1854

Cornuspira byramensis Cushman

Plate 1, figure 32

Cornuspira byramensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 27, pi. 4, fig. 4, 1935. 

Cushman and Frizzell, idem, vol. 19, p. 83, pi. 14, fig. 4, 1943. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 84, pi. 14, fig. 22, 1946;

vol. 24, p. 8(list), 1948.

Test planispiral, the early coils with the diameter about 

equal, later adult 1 or 2 coils very rapidly expanding and 

slightly compressed; suture distinct, depressed; wall smooth; 

aperture elliptical, somewhat smaller than the section of the 

tubular chamber. Diameter 0.50 mm; thickness 0.10 mm.— 

Cushman.

This species occurs in some numbers in the Burke 

Creek section. Most of the specimens have the thin 

central portion broken out.

The species has been found in the Byram formation 

and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi and the Oligocene 

Lincoln formation of Washington.

Family LAGENIDAE

Genus Eobulus Montfort, 1808

Eobulus vicksburgensis (Cushman) Ellisor

Plate 2, figures 1, 2

Cristellaria mdcsT)urgensis U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-F, p. 130, pi. 31, figs. 6, 7, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 

29, 1923.

P. Applin, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 9, pp. 

24, 25, 1925.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 11

Lenticulina vicksburgensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2,

p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 31, pi. 10,

fig. 7,1930. 

Robulus vicksburgensis Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists

Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, pi. 2, fig. 2,1933. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Applin and Jordan, idem, vol. 19, p. 130 (list), 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 84, pi. 14, fig. 23, 1946. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 12, pi. 3, fig.

6,1947.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948. 

Cristellaria sp. Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-E,

p. 93,1922.

Test composed of few chambers, seven to eight in the visible 

coil; surface generally smooth, except on the sutures, which are 

marked by rather broad, curved, raised ridges, those near the 

earlier part of the coil broken into rounded knobs, especially 

near the umbilical area, the later ones more continuous; periphery angled, the early portion carinate; apertural face smooth 

and somewhat concave with acute projecting angles; aperture 

radiate at the angle of the chamber. Length 0.65 to 1 mm.

It seems to be very constant in its characters and can be 

distinguished by the peculiar ornamentation, the uncoiling of 

the later portion of the test, and the concave apertural face.— 

Cushman.

Many of the present specimens show a slight ornamentation on the wall between the sutures in the form 

of short, discontinuous costae parallel to the periphery.

This species is one of the most abundant and widely 

distributed in all the sections. It was described from 

the Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone and has been recorded from the Byram formation and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi, the Glendon 

limestone member of the Byram formation of Mississippi and Alabama, the Marianna limestone of Alabama 

and Florida, subsurface Vicksburg formation in Texas, 

and the upper Oligocene Ste. Croix formation of 

Trinidad.

It is probable that the specimens from the Marianna 

limestone and Red Bluff clay at St. Stephens, Ala., 

called ^Cristellaria submamilligera Cushman" (U. S. 

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 30, pi. 4, figs. 5,6,1923) 

belong to Robulus vicksburgensis, as they are quite distinct in ornamentation from the Recent types of C. 

submamilligera from the Philippine region.

Robulus vicksburgensis (Cushman) Ellisor var. aperta (Cushman)

Todd 

Plate 2, figure 3

Cristellaria, vicksburgensis Cushman var. aperta Cushman, U. S. 

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 29, pi. 4, fig. 4, 1923. 

Lenticulina vicksburgensis var. aperta Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928.

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 31, 1930. 

Variety differing from the typical form in the character of the 

sutures, which are broadly lltnbate, of clear shell material, and 

either not otherwise ornamented or with a single knob at the 

inner end; test otherwise smooth, often with a thin keel.— 

Cushman.

Discrimination of this variety is difficult as there 

seem to be all gradations from more completely beaded 

sutures to smooth, limbate sutures. Furthermore, the 

degree of ornamentation may be a function of degree of 

megalo- or microspheric form, as the available specimens seem to suggest that the extremely megalospheric 

specimens with large proloculum and few chambers are 

in general the less strongly ornamented.

The two forms, as here distinguished, commonly 

occur together with the variety less abundant.

Robulus cf. R. alato-limbatus (Giimbel) Howe and Wallace 

Plate 2, figure 4

Robulus alato-lwribata (Giimbel) Howe and Wallace, Louisiana

Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 2, p. 37, pi. 3, fig. 2, 1932. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 15, pi. 6,

fig. 2, 1935. 

Coryell and Embich, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 11, p. 299, pi. 41,

fig. 16, 1937. 

Howe, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 14, p. 40, pi. 4, fig.

18, 1939. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 26, pi. 3,

fig. 7, 1942. 

?Cushman and Siegfus, San Diego Soc. Nat. History Trans.,

vol. 9, p. 404, pi. 15, figs. 19-21,1942. 

Cushman and Applin, Cushman Lab;. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 19, p. 33, pi. 7, fig. 11, 1943. 

Colom. Instit. Invest. Geol. No. 2 Estudios Geoldgicos, p.

61, pi. 2, figs. 28, 29,1945.

Romulus cf. alato-limbatus Cushman and Simonson, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 18, p. 194, pi. 30, fig. 8, 1944. 

Cushman and Stainforth, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Special Pub. 14, p. 22, pi. 2, fig. 24, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 21, p. 85, pi. 13,

fig. 25, 1945.

Test small, closely coiled, compressed, umbones large 

and prominent, periphery smooth, acute, narrowly 

keeled; chambers 5 to 7 in the last whorl, not inflated; 

sutures distinct, limbate, tangential, slightly curved; 

wall smooth, translucent, earlier whorls visible in the 

umbones and previous apertures appearing as radiate 

patterns along the periphery; aperture large but not 

protruding. Diameter 0.45 to 0.60 mm, thickness 0.20 

to 0.30 mm.

This species, like Robulus vicksburgensis, is very common and occurs throughout all five sections. It is 

probably not specifically identical with R. alato-limb'atus from the Eocene of Bavaria but resembles it, 

especially in its tangential sutures.

The references above are to records which very probably are of the same species. They are from the Eocene 

(Jackson and Claiborne age) of the Gulf Coastal region, 

Panama, and California, and the Oligocene of California, Trinidad, and Spain.

Genus Marginulina D'Orbigny, 1826 

Marginulina sp. 

Plate 2, figure 5

Test small, strongly compressed, periphery subacute, 

smooth; chambers rapidly uncoiling, very rapidly
12 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

increasing in size, very slightly if at all inflated; sutures 

distinct, limbate, slightly curved, strongly oblique in 

uncoiled portion, very slightly depressed; wall smooth, 

finely perforate; aperture radiate, protruding, at the 

outer peripheral angle. Breadth 0.12 to 0.18 mm, 

length of uncoiled specimens up to 0.42 mm, thickness 

0.08 to 0.10 mm.

A very few, mostly immature specimens from all the 

sections may represent an undescribed species but are 

inadequate for description. They somewhat resemble 

rare specimens from the Chickasawhay limestone near 

Millry, Alabama (Cushman and McGlamery, 1942, 

p. 67, pi. 4, figs. 6,7) but do not have as many chambers.

Genus Dentalina D'Orbigny, 1826

Dentalina mesonensis Cole and Gillespie

Plate 2, figure 10

Dentalina, mesonensis Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57b, p. 8, pi. 4, fig. 7, 1930. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 555, 

pi. 74, fig. 1, 1945.

Very rare specimens from all the sections are referred 

to this species, described from the Oligocene Meson 

formation of Mexico and recorded from the subsurface 

Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas. The test is 

curved, with oblique sutures and indistinct chambers 

that are very low and broad in the early portion of the 

test.

Dentalina monroei Todd, n. sp.

Plate 2, figure 6

Test small for the genus, slightly compressed, slightly 

curved, periphery smooth in the early portion, later 

slightly indented; chambers few (6 to 10) with very 

gradual increase in height, almost no increase in 

breadth, later chambers slightly inflated; sutures distinct, limbate, slightly oblique in the earlier portion 

and horizontal in the later portion; wall smooth, 

polished, finely perforate, translucent; aperture 

radiate, protruding from the inner peripheral angle, 

without a neck. Length up to 1.4 mm, commonly 0.65 

to 0.75 mm; breadth 0.15 to 0.18 mm; thickness 0.12 to 

0.16 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47540) from the middle 

Oligocene marl member of the Byram formation 

(sample 13), Mint Spring Bayou, south of National 

Military Cemetery, Vicksburg, Miss.

This species differs from Dentalina jamaicensis Cushman and Todd, from the Miocene of Buff Bay, Jamaica, 

in its fewer chambers, more even breadth throughout, 

and less strongly protruding aperture.

This species is the most common of the Dentalinas, 

occurring throughout all five sections. It should f orm 

a good index fossil for this part of the Oligocene.

Dentafina hantkeni Cushman

Plate 2, figure 7

Dentalina hantkeni Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research 

Contr. vol. 9, p. 9, pi. 1, figs. 18, 19, 1933; U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 20, pi. 8, figs. 5, 6, 1935. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 42, 1942. 

Test elongate, arcuate, somewhat compressed, composed of 

a few chambers, initial end rounded; chambers distinct, increasing in length as added, outer curve sinuate, inner curve 

nearly uniform; sutures fairly distinct, somewhat oblique; 

aperture near the inner curve with a slightly produced neck. 

Length 1.25 mm; greatest diameter 0.15 mm.—Cushman.

A few scattered specimens from three of the sections 

in Eankin County appear to be this species, described 

from the Ocala limestone of Alabama and recorded also 

from the Yazoo clay of Mississippi. The fragmentary 

specimen figured shows the general form.

Dentalina badenensis D'Orbigny 

Plate 2, figure 8

Dentalina badenensis D'Orbigny, Foraminiferes fossiles du

bassin tertiaire de Vienne, p. 44, pi. 1, figs. 48, 49, 1846.

Fragmentary specimens of a rather large slender

species are referred to Dentalina ~badenensis D'Orbigny,

described from the Miocene of the Vienna Basin. They

have been compared with a topotype and seem to be

very close. The chambers are 1% to 2 times as high as

broad, moderately inflated, and the sutures are distinct,

limbate, and slightly oblique.

Dentalina emaciata Reuss 

Plate 2, figures 11,12

Dentalina emaciata Reuss, Deutsch. geol. Gesell. Zeitschr., vol.

3, p. 63, pi. 3, fig. 9,1851. 

Bornemann, idem, vol. 7, p. 324, 1855. 

Reuss, Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-naturwiss. KL, Sitzungsber., vol. 48, pt. 1, p. 45, 1863. 

Asano, Tohoku Imp: Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2 (Geol.), vol.

19, no. 2, p. 213 (35), pi. 25 (2), figs. 13, 20, 21, 23; pi.

27 (4), figs. 17, 19, 48; pi. 28 (5), figs. 21, 24, 28; pi.

29 (6), figs. 14,24,1938. 

ten Dam and Reinhold, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V,

no. 2, p. 59,1942.

Nodosaria emaciata Galloway and Morrey, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 55, p. 15, pi. 1, fig. 14, 1929.

Test slender, curved, inner periphery smooth, at least 

in the early part, outer periphery slightly indented; 

chambers gradually increasing in size, height, and inflation as added; sutures distinct, limbate, very slightly oblique, tending to become horizontal, not depressed 

in the early portion, slightly depressed in the later portion; wall smooth, finely perforate; aperture radiate, 

protruding, at the inner peripheral angle. Length up 

to 1.60 mm, diameter 0.15 to 0.22 mm.

Fairly frequent specimens from four of the sections 

seem to be close to this species, described from the 

Oligocene of Germany. They have been compared with 

a topotype.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 13

Dentalina soluta Eeuss 

Plate 2, figure 9

Dentalina soluta Reuss, Deutsch. geol. Gesell. Zeitschr., vol. 3,

p. 60, pi. 3, fig. 4,1851. 

Bornemann, idem, vol 7, p. 322,1855. 

Reuss, Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-naturwiss. Kl., Sitzungsber., vol. 48, pt. 1, pp. 43,65,1863. 

Stache, Nowra-Exped., Geol. Theil, vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 203,

pi. 22, fig. 29,1864. 

Hantken, Jahrb. K. Ungar. geol. Anstalt Mitth., vol. 4, p. 29,

pi. 3, figs. 2, 14, 1875 (1881) ; Math. Naturwiss. Ber. Ungarn, vol, 2, p. 127,1884. 

Franke, Mus. Natur.-Heimatkunde Naturw. Ver. Abhandl

Ber., vol. 4, pt. 2, p. 167, pi. 5, fig. 28, 1925; Danmarks

geol. Undersogelse, vol. 2, Raekke, no. 46, p. 13, pi. 1, fig.

12,1927. 

Asano, Tohoku Imp. Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2 (Geol.), vol.

19, no. 2, p. 213 (35), pi. 25 (2), fig. 31; pi. 27 (4), fig. 24,

1938.

Staesche and Hiltermann, Reichs. Bodenforschung Abhandl., n. ser., no. 201, pi. 15, fig. 10; pi. 19, fig. 4; pi. 22,

fig. 14; pi. 24, fig. 5; pi. 25, fig. 3; pi. 26, fig. 9; pi. 35,

fig. 9,1940. 

Toulmin, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 15, p. 587, pi. 79, figs. 23,

24,1941. 

ten Dam and Reinhold, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V,

no. 2, p. 59, pi. 4, fig. 4,1942. 

Franklin, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 18, p. 310, pi. 46, fig. 12,

1944. 

Cushman and Stainforth, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Special Pub. 14, p. 24, pi. 3, fig. 18, 1945. 

Colom, Instit. Invest. Geol. No. 3 Estudios Geologicos, p.

144, pi. 9, fig. 133,1946. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 85, pi. 14, fig. 26,1946. 

Dentalina cf. soluta Cushman, idem, vol. 15, p. 56, pi. 10, fig. 1,

1939.

Test arcuate, periphery strongly indented throughout, initial end rounded, apertural end acute; chambers 

few, strongly inflated, greatest diameter below the middle of each chamber; sutures much depressed; wall 

smooth, finely perforate, slightly hispid around the 

base of each chamber; aperture at the end of a prominent neck, eccentric. Length up to 1.00 mm or more; 

average diameter 0.20 mm.

This is a very distinctive form and fragments were 

obtained from all five sections. Dentalina soluta was 

described from the Oligocene of Germany. A very 

similar form is D. guttifera D'Orbigny, described from 

the Miocene of the Vienna Basin, but from the figure 

it appears to be a more slender and fragile species. 

Dentalina pseudoinvolvens Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 2, figure 27

Dentalina, pseudoinvolvens Cushman and McGlamery, Cushman

Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 15, p. 45, pi. 9, figs. 1, 2,

1939; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 67, pi. 4,

figs. 8, 9, 1942.

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 556,

pi. 74, fig. 3, 1945.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 22, p. 85, pi. 14, figs. 24, 25, 1946.

Dentalina sp. Cushman and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 

9, p. 61, pi: 9, figs. 3, 4,1932.

970989—52———2

Test elongate, slender, slightly arcuate, very gently tapering, 

with the greatest diameter at the last-formed chamber, initial 

end with a short spine; chambers few, about six in the adult, 

inflated, somewhat pyriform, proloculum fusiform, later chambers increasing very gradually in size as added, more inflated 

on one side; sutures distinct, depressed, strongly limbate; wall 

ornamented with distinct, low, longitudinal costae, sometimes 

tending to become slightly spiral; aperture radiate, at the end 

of a slightly prolonged, tapering neck. Length up to 1.25 mm; 

diameter 0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman and McGlamery.

A few poorly preserved specimens are referred to this 

species, described from the Chickasawhay limestone 

near Millry, Alabama, and recorded from the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas, the Byram 

formation of Mississippi, and the lower Miocene Chipola formation of Florida. The figured specimen is 

considerably larger than the types and the costae are 

faint or missing on the central part of the chambers.

Dentalina praecatesbyi (Cushman and Todd) Cushman and Todd 

Plate 2, figure 26

Nodosaria qraecatesbyi Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 85, pi. 14, figs. 28, 29,

1946. 

Dentalina praecatesbyi Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 24, p.

8 (list), 1948. 

Nodosaria sp. Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 130, pi. 30, fig. 5,1922.

Test with 3 to 5 chambers, increasing in diameter as added, 

initial end usually with a single, short spine, the final chamber 

often slightly longer than the earlier ones; sutures distinct, 

depressed; wall ornamented with coarse, rounded, longitudinal 

costae, usually somewhat thickened at the outer end, frequently 

irregular and sometimes fused in part; aperture terminal, 

radiate, usually ending in a distinct point. Maximum length 

1.50 mm; breadth 0.48 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

This species, described from the Byram formation 

and known from the Mint Spring marl member of the 

Marianna limestone and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi, 

occurs in typical form in all the sections. It is a more 

robust, thicker-walled species than D. pseudoinvolvens, 

and the chambers are more inflated.

Genus Chrysalogonium Schubert, 1907

Chrysalogonium vicksburgense Todd, n. sp.

Plate 2, figures 13-15

Nodosaria longiscata Cole and Ponton (not D'Orbigny), Florida

Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 33, pi. 6, fig. 4, 1930. 

Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57b,

p. 8, pi. 4, fig. 1; pi. 3, fig. 9,1930. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 46, pi. 4,

fig. 26, 1942.

Cushman and Renz, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 22, p. 15, pi. 4, figs. 17,18,1947. 

Nodosaria ewaldi? Cushman and Todd (not Reuss), idem, Contr.,

vol. 21, p. 87, pi. 14, fig. 6,1945.

Chrysalogonium sp. Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 86, pi. 

15, figs. 1, 2, 1946.

Test slender, elongate, slightly arcuate; initial end

rounded, with or without a short spine; apertural end 

acutely conical; chambers 2 to 3% times as long as
14 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

broad, evenly shaped, chamber walls parallel for most 

of their length; sutures distinct, slightly constricted, 

horizontal throughout the test; wall smooth, thick, very 

finely perforate; aperture a finely porous conical tip 

on the narrowed end of the last-formed chamber. 

Length unknown, as no complete adult specimens were 

found; undoubtedly exceeding 3 mm, diameter 0.10 to 

0.30 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47658) from the middle 

Oligocene Glendon (?) limestone member of the Byram 

formation (sample 662-5), Robinson Quarry near Brandon, sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Rankin County, Miss.

Chrysalogonium, granti (Plummer), from the Midway group of Texas, is smaller, the chambers are less 

elongate and usually slightly tapering with the greatest diameter near the basal end of the chamber, and 

the sutures are less distinct and less strongly constricted.

This form has been recorded under various names, 

as indicated in the synonymy above, from the Oligocene Marianna limestone of Florida, Byram formation 

of Mississippi, Meson formation of Mexico and Ste. 

Croix formation of Trinidad, and the Eocene Yazoo 

clay and Moodys Branch formation of Mississippi. In 

the present material the species occurs sparsely in all 

the sections.

Genus Pseudoglandulina Cushman, 1929 

Fseudoglandulina sp. 

Plate 2, figure 16

The specimen figured was the only one of this genus 

found. It is incomplete at the apertural end but apparently represents an undescribed species, rather 

elongate, with incised sutures, and smooth, thin wall.

Genus Saracenaria Defiance, 1824

Saracenaria moresiana Howe and Wallace

Plate 2, figure 17

Saracenaria moresiana Howe and Wallace, Louisiana Dept.

Cons. Geol. Bull. 2, p. 42, pi. 2, fig. 8,1932. 

Berquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 48, pi. 3, fig. 14,

1942.

Test elongate, roughly triangular, periphery well rounded, 

apertural face flaring; chambers few, about six usually visible, 

each succeeding chamber becoming more elongate and broader; 

sutures distinct, slightly depressed, slightly curved; wall calcareous, glassy; aperture radiate. Length 0.5 mm.—Howe and 

Wallace.

A few specimens, from three of the sections, seem 

upon comparison with a paratype to belong to this 

species, described from the upper Eocene of Louisiana 

and recorded from the Jackson group of Scott County, 

Miss. They differ from 8. Tiantkeni Cushman in having 

a more flaring apertural face and in not being uncoiled.

Genus Frondicularia Defiance, 1824

Fiondicularia gaiietti Cushman

Plate 2, figure 18

Frondicularia garretti Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 28, pi. 4, fig. 8, 1935; Special 

Pub. 16, p. 15, pi. 4, fig. 5, 1946.

Test elongate, compressed, the sides nearly parallel for most 

of the length, periphery truncate, slightly concave, angles slightly 

keeled, bluntly rounded; chambers few in number, somewhat 

variable in size, but of fairly uniform shape, the sides extending 

backward over the previous chamber at the sides; sutures distinct, somewhat limbate, raised, curved inward toward the elongate axis of the test; wall smooth; aperture rounded, terminal. 

Length 0.50-0.60 mm; breadth 0.15 mm; thickness 0.05 mm.— 

Cushman.

A young specimen, consisting of the proloculum and 

second chamber, represents this species, described 

from the Byram formation at Byram, Miss., and recorded from the Cocoa sand member of the Yazoo clay 

at Cocoa Post Office, Ala.

Genus Palmula lea, 1833

Palmula caelata (Cushman) Israelsky

Plate 2, figure 19

Bolivina caelata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133,

pi. 2, fig. 2, 1923. 

Palmula caelata Israelsky, Sixth Pacific Sci. Congress Proc., pi.

4, fig. 8, 1939.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Flal)ellina vicksburgensis Howe, idem, vol. 4, p. 327, pi. 27, fig.

2, 1930.

Test roughly diamond-shaped, much compressed, apertural 

end extended; coiled in early part of test, followed by a linear 

series of chambers shaped as in Frondicularia. Surface strongly 

punctate; ornamentation consisting of irregular polygonal areas 

bounded by raised lines between raised sutures. Sutures in 

the early part of test slightly modified by the reticulate pattern, 

but transparent and with transmitted convergent light clearly 

showing the early coiled portion which is characteristic of the 

genus. Aperture terminal, radiate; the apertural face of the 

last chamber being flattened and smooth. Maximum length 

observed 1.01 mm; maximum width 0.63 mm. Length of figured 

specimen 0.74 mm; width 0.53 min.—Howe's description of 

Flabellina vicksburgensis from the Byram marl.

The taxonomy of this species, which was originally 

described from the Red Bluff clay in Alabama, is complicated. It was not until 1937, when Cushman (p. 70), 

stated that "a study of the type of iBolivina caelata 

Cushman,' in liquid by transmitted light, shows that 

this species is really a Flabellina with a peculiar reticulate ornamentation, and much the general shape of 

Bolivina" that caelata was recognized as "Flabettina" 

or more properly, Palmula. In the meantime, "Flabellina vicksburgensis" had been erected for the reticulate 

flabelline form known in the Vicksburg. Later, in 1939 

and 1942, Israelsky and Howe both recorded it under 

its proper name.

A single specimen, incomplete but showing the characteristic surface ornamentation, was found in the 

Burke Creek section.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 15

The species is quite close to "Fldbellina, henbesti 

Bermudez" from the Eocene of Cuba but that species 

has a thin and ruffled keel around the periphery and 

the reticulations decrease noticably in strength until 

the last-formed chamber is nearly unornamented.

Genus Lagena Walker and Jacob, 1798

Lagena costata (Williamson) Reuss

Plate 2, figure 23

Entosolenia costata Williamson, Recent Foraminifera of Grefit

Britain, p. 9, pi. 1, fig. 18, 1858. 

Lagena, costata Reuss, Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-naturwiss. Kl.,

Sitzungsber., vol. 46, pt. 1, p. 329, pi. 4, fig. 54, 1862. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

189-D, p. 105, pi. 24, fig. 12,1938. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 16,

p. 15, pi. 4, figs. 6, 7, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 86, 1946; vol.

24, p. 11 (list), 1948.

Test subglobular, circular in section, slightly elongate, apertural end pointed; wall ornamented with 8 

to 14 or more high, sharp, longitudinal costae, the number depending on the size of the test, the wall between 

the costae commonly translucent and appearing dark, 

the costae joined irregularly on the base of the test but 

becoming faint and disappearing toward the apertural 

end; aperture small, circular, at the end of a very short 

tube which seems to extend partly inside and partly outside the test wall. Length 0.20 to 0.32 mm, diameter 

0.17 to 0.23 mm.

This is by far the commonest of all the Lagenas in 

these samples from the Vicksburg group. The specimens seem very close to the type specimen of this species, 

as figured from off the British Isles. A few other 

records of specimens that seem to be the same as those 

from the section of the Vicksburg are included in the 

synonymy given above. They are from the Oligocene 

of Choctaw Bluff, Ala., the Byram formation and Ked 

Bluff clay of Mississippi and the Eocene Yazoo clay of 

Mississippi and Cocoa sand member of the Yazoo clay 

of Alabama. The species occurs commonly throughout 

all the sections.

Lagena substriata Williamson 

Plate 2, figure 21

Lagena, substriata Williamson, Annals and Mag. Nat History, 2d

ser., vol. 1, p. 15, pi. 2, fig. 12, 1848.

Schlumberger, Soc. zool. France Me"m., vol. 7, p. 253, 1894. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 104, pt. 4, p. 56, pi. 10, fig. 11,

1923; Scripps Inst. Oceanography Bull., Tech. ser., vol. 1,

p. 145, 1927; Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol.

5, p. 68, pi. 11, fig. 4, 1929; Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 4,

p. 31, pi. 5, fig. 14, 1930. 

Cushman, Stewart, and Stewart, San Diego Soc. Nat.

History Trans., vol. 6, no. 2, p. 57, pi. 3, fig. 9, 1930. 

Cushman and Laiming, Jouf. Paleontology, vol. 5, p. 100,

pi. 11, fig. 1,1931.

Cushman, Tennessee Div. Geology Bull. 41, p. 37, pi. 5, fig.

7, 1931. 

Hada, Tohoku Imp. Univ. Sci. Repts., 4th ser., Biol., vol. 6,

p. 108, text fig. 64, 1931. 

Cushman and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 9, p. 63,

1932. 

Cushman and Cahill, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 175-A,

p. 16, pi. 5, fig. 11, 1933.

Blake, Biol. Survey Mt. Desert Region, pt. 5, p. 75, 1933. 

Palmer and Bermudez, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol.

10, p. 280, 1936. 

Asano, Tohoku Imp. Univ. Sci. Repts., 2d ser. (Geol.), vol.

19, p. 216 (38), pi. 27 (4), fig. 35, 1938. 

Cushman and LeRoy, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 12, p. 125, pi.

22, fig. 12, 1938. 

Kleinpell, Miocene stratigraphy of California, p. 226, Tulsa,

1938. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 52, pi. 5,

fig. 10, 1942. 

Cushman and Deaderick, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 18, p. 336,

pi. 52, fig. 15, 1944. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 12,

p. 21, pi. 3, fig. 8, 1944. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Special Pub. 15, p. 33, pi. 5,

fig. 15, 1945. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 206, p. 95, pi. 39,

fig. 22, 1946. 

Lagena, cf. substriata Beck, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 17, p. 602,

pi. 107, fig. 30, 1943. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 20,

p. 9, pi. 2, fig. 14, 1944.

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 13, pi. 3, fig. 15, 1945. 

Lagena vulgaris Williamson var. substriata Williamson, Recent

Foraminifera of Great Britain, p. 7, pi. 1, fig. 14, 1858. 

Lagena striata (D'Orbigny) var. substriata Williamson, Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 71, pt 3, p. 20, pi. 8, figs. 1-

3, 1913; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 128, pi.

29, fig. 10, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 26, 1923. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 67,

pi. 4, fig. 23, 1942. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 558,

1945.

Test subglobular or elongate, with a long, slender 

neck, the neck comprising about one-third the length 

of the test; wall thin, translucent, ornamented with 

numerous (20 to 30) faint, low, longitudinal costae, 

evenly spaced over the body of the test by the intercalation of additional costae at the widest part, costae coming together at a point or, commonly, at a small raised 

ring at the base of the test, costae extending up to the 

base of the neck that is in some specimens ornamented 

by irregular horizontal rings; aperture small, circular, 

surrounded by a very slight lip in well-preserved specimens. Length 0.35 to 0.55 mm, diameter 0.12 to 0.22 

mm.

This species, like L. costata, occurs in all the sections 

but is less abundant. It closely resembles the typical 

Recent species, described from off the British Isles, 

and similar specimens have been widely recorded from 

Cretaceous to Recent.
16 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Lagena hexagona (Williamson) Siddall 

Plate 2, figure 20

Entosolenia syuamosa var. hexagona Williamson, Annals and 

Mag. Nat. History, 2d ser., vol. 1, p. 20, pi. 2, fig. 23, 1848; 

Recent Foraminifera of Great Britain, p. 13, pi. 1, fig. 32, 

1858.

Lagena hexagona Siddall, Catalogue of Ttecent British Foraminifera, p. 6, 1879.

Jones, Foraminifera of the Crag, pt. 2, p. 193, pi. 6, fig. 7, 

1895.

Silvestri, Pont, accad. Nuovi Lincei Mem., vol. 12, p. 117, 

pi. 2, fig. 19; pi. 3, figs. 1, 2,1896.

Reade, Geol. Mag., dec. 4, vol. 7, pi. 5, fig. 15, 1900.

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 71, pt. 3, p. 17, pi. 6, figs. 

2, 3, 1913; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 129, 

pi. 29, fig. 12,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 26,1923; U. S. Nat. 

Museum Bull. 104, pt. 4, p. 24, pi. 4, fig. 6, 1923; Cushman 

Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 72, pi. 11, fig. 18, 

1929.

Oushman, Stewart, and Stewart, San Diego Soc. Nat. History Trans., vol. 6, p. 57, pi. 3, fig. 7,1930.

Cushman, Tennessee Div. Geol. Bull. 41, p. 38, pi. 5, fig. 

12, 1931.

Howe and Wallace, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 2, 

p. 28, pi. 6, fig. 14, 1932.

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5, 

pi. 21, fig. 20, 1933; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, 

p. 23, pi. 9, fig. 10, 1935.

Howe, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 14, p. 50, pi. 6, 

fig. 16,1939.

Cushman, Foraminifera, 3d Ed., Key, pi. 21, fig. 20, Cambridge, 1940.

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 50, pi. 5, 

fig. 24, 1942.

FrizzeD, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 17, p. 348, pi. 56, fig. 26, 

1943.

Beck, idem. vol. 17, p. 602, pi. 107, fig. 23, 1943.

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 21, 

p. 3, pi. 1, fig. 7,1945.

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 86, 1946.

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 206, p. 95, pi. 39, 

fig. 16, 1946.

Test nearly spherical, except for the low, conical 

apertural region; wall covered by a network of high, 

sharp, strongly raised lines in a crudely hexagonal pattern, the cells appearing dark due to the translucent 

wall; aperture small, circular, at the end of a short tube 

which extends partly inside and partly outside the test, 

without a lip. Length 0.22 to 0.28 mm, diameter 0.20 

to 0.24 mm.

This species, like L. substriata, was described from 

off the British Isles and has been recorded widely from 

Upper Cretaceous to Recent. It occurs in all five 

sections studied.

Lagena acuticosta Reuss 

Plate 2, figure 22

Lagena, acuticosta Reuss, Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-naturwiss. 

KL, Sitzungsber., vol. 44, pt. 1, p. 305, pi. 1, fig. 4, 1861 

(1862).

A very few specimens in two of the sections are referred to this species, which was described from the 

Upper Cretaceous of Europe and has been recorded

widely from Cretaceous to Kecent. These specimens 

differ from those referred to L. costata (Williamson) 

in being more spherical with a distinctly projecting 

neck and in having fewer and less prominent costae.

Lagena cookei Cushman 

Plate 2, figure 24

Lagena cookei Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p.

25, pi. 3, figs. 9,10,1923.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Test broader than long, base broadly truncate; apertural 

and tapering to a short cylindrical neck; surface smooth except 

for a slight granulation, dull. Length usually not exceeding 0.2 

mm.—Cushman,

Two specimens were found in the Glendon (?) limestone member in the railroad cut.

Lagena striatopunctata Parker and Jones 

Plate 2, figure 25

Lagena sulcata Walker and Jacob var. striatopunctata Parker

and Jones, Philosophical Trans., vol. 155, p. 350, pi. 13,

figs. 25-27,1865. 

Lagena striatopunctata Parker and Jones, H. B. Brady, Annals

and Mag. Nat. History, 5th ser., vol. 1, p. 434, pi. 20, fig.

3,1878. 

Balkwill and Wright, Royal Irish Acad. Trans., vol. 28, Sci.,

p. 339, pi. 14, fig. 20,1885.

Chapman, Royal Micr. Soc. Jour., 1893, p. 584, pi. 8, fig. 15. 

Goes, K. svenska vetensk. akad. Handl., vol. 25, no. 9, p.

83, pi. 13, fig. 753,1894. 

Sidebottom, Quekett Micr. Club Jour., vol. 11, p. 392, pi.

16, figs. 7-10,1912. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 71, pt. 3, p. 30, pi. 14, fig.

10, 1913; Bull. 104, pt. 4, p. 55, pi. 10, fig. 10, 1923. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special

Pub. 15, p. 33, pi. 5, fig. 13,1945.

Test very small, circular in section, elongate, tapering 

toward the apertural end; wall thin, translucent, ornamented with 8 high, sharp costae that appear transversely striated owing to their conspicuous perforations; 

aperture at the end of a very long, slender neck. Length 

of body of test 0.17 mm, diameter 0.09 to 0.10 mm.

Two very typical specimens were found in sample 

T57-2a of the Burke Creek section.

Originally described from the Arctic and recorded 

from the Eocene of France, this species has been widely 

recorded from Lower Cretaceous to Recent. Only those 

records accompanied by figures have been included in 

the synonymy.

Family POLYMORPHINIDAE

Genus Guttulina D'Orbigny, 1839

Guttulina by r amen sis (Cushman) Howe

Plate 3, figure 1

Polymorphina byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 129-E, p. 94, pi. 17, fig. 2, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 131, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 31, pi. 5, figs. 1-5, 1923. 

P. Applin, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 9, p.

25,1925. 

Nuttall, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., vol. 84, p. 92, pi. 6, fig. 12,

1928.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 17

Guttulina byramensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174

(list) ,1928. 

Cushman and Schenck, California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci.

Bull., vol. 17, p. 309, pi. 43, figs. 6-8,1928. 

Condit, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p. 262 (list), 1930. 

Cushman and Stainforth, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Special Pub. 14, p. 32, pi. 4, figs. 25, 26, 1945. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 558,

pi. 74, fig. 15,1945. 

Weaver, Washington Univ. [Seattle] Pub. in Geology, vol.

6, no. 2, p. 49 (list), 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 86, pi. 15, fig. 3,1946. 

Detling, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 20, p. 354, pi. 48, fig. 10,

1946. 

Cushman and Renz, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special

Pub. 22, p. 20,1947.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948. 

Guttulina irregularis Cushman and Ozawa (part) (not D'Orbigny), U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 25, 

1930.

Test short and broad, triangular, composed of a few chambers, 

usually only four, all except a final fifth chamber extending back 

to the base of the proloculum, forming a truncate test; chambers 

inflated, sutures deep and distinct; surface smooth; aperture 

radiate, only slightly produced. Length 0.75 mm or less.— 

Cushman.

Guttulina byramensis is one of the most abundant 

species in this material from the Vicksburg group, occurring commonly to abundantly throughout all the 

sections. Its short, broad shape and the last chamber's 

usually failing to extend back to the base of the test 

serve to distinguish it.

Guttulina problema D'Orbigny 

Plate 3, figure 2

Guttulina problema, D'Orbigny, Foraminiferes fossiles du bassin

tertiaire de Vienne, p. 224, pi. 12, figs. 26-28, 1846. 

Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77,

art. 6, p. 19, pi. 2, figs. 1-6; pi. 3, figs, la-c, 1930. 

Test broadly fusiform, acute at the apertural end, more or less 

rounded at the initial end in the megalospheric form, rather 

rounded at the base in the microspheric form; chambers elongated, more or less inflated, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber slightly removed from 

the base; sutures depressed, very distinct; wall rather thick, 

smooth; aperture radiate. Length, 0.50-1.25 mm; breadth, 

0.40-1.25 mm; thickness, 0.28-0.70 mm.—Cushman and Ozawa, 

1930.

Fairly abundant specimens in all five sections are 

referred to this common species, known from Cretaceous 

to Recent. They are a little smaller than average for 

this species, and the sutures are very little if at all depressed, resulting in a smooth, not indented, periphery.

Guttulina spicaeformis (Roemer) Cushman and Ozawa var. 

australis (D'Orbigny) Cushman and Ozawa

Plate 3, figure 3

Globulina australis D'Orbigny, Voyage dans 1'Ame'rique meridionale, vol. 5, Foraminiferes, p. 60, pi. 1, figs. 1-4, 1839.

Polymorphina australis H. B. Brady, Parker and Jones, Linnean Soc. London Trans., vol. 27, p. 239, pi. 41, fig. 27, 

1870.

Guttulina spicaeformis (Roemer) var. australis Cushman and 

Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 32, 

pi. 5, fig. 3,1930.

Bermudez, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 9, p. 183,1935.

Hadley, Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. Jour., vol. 52, p. 35, 1936.

Howchin, Royal Soc. South Australia Trans., vol. 60, pp. 22, 

23,1936.

van Bellen, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V, no. 4, p. 36,

pi. 2, fig. 30,1946.

Polymorphina regina Cushman (not H. B. Brady, Parker and 

Jones), Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 311, p. 33, pi. 4, 

figs. 5, 6, 1922; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, 

p. 94, pi. 18, fig. 4,1922; Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 131, pi. 30, 

fig. 8,1922 ; Prof. Paper 133, p. 33,1923.

Test fusiform, periphery indented, initial end 

rounded, apertural end acute with slightly concave 

sides; chambers moderately inflated in their lower 

parts, not much embracing; wall ornamented with very 

fine, longitudinal costae, generally well developed over 

the lower part of the test, obscure in some specimens; 

aperture radiate, protruding. Length 0.65 to 0.75 mm, 

breadth 0.32 to 0.42 mm.

This species was found in all the sections but is not 

common. It is known from Recent material of the West 

Indies, the Byram formation and Mint Spring marl 

member of the Marianna limestone of Mississippi, the 

Tertiary of Australia, and the Eocene of the Netherlands and England.

Genus Globulina D'Orbigny, 1839

Globulina gibba D'Orbigny

Plate 3, figure 4

Globulina gibba D'Orbigny, Foraminiferes fossiles du bassin

tertiaire de Vienne, p. 227, pi. 13, figs. 13, 14, 1846. 

Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77,

art. 6, p. 60, pi. 16, figs. 1-4, 1930.

Test globular to subglobular, transverse section almost circular ; chambers few, inflated, rounded, arranged in a nearly triserial series; sutures not depressed, generally clear; wall smooth, 

translucent, often with fistulose tubes, especially at apertural 

end; aperture radiate. Length 0.45-1.10 mm; breadth 0.40-0.90 

mm; thickness 0.40-0.90 mm—Cushman and Ozawa, 1930.

This very common and widespread species was found 

frequently to abundantly in nearly every sample.

Globulina gibba D'Orbigny var. punctata D'Orbigny 

Plate 3, figure 5

Globulina punctata D'Orbigny, Foraminiferes fossiles du bassin

tertiaire de Vienne, p. 229, pi. 13, figs. 17, 18,1846. 

Globulina gibba d'Orbigny var. punctata Cushman and Ozawa,

U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 69, pi. 17, figs.

4, 5, 1930. 

ten Dam and Reinhold, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V,

no. 1, p. 50, pi. 2, fig. 15,1941; no. 2, p. 73, 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 21, p. 88; pi. 14, fig. 14, 1945. 

van Bellen, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V, no. 4, p.

38, pi. 3, flg. 6,1946. 

Golom, Instit. Invest. Geol. No. 3, Estudios Geoldgicos, p.

153, pi. 13, fig. 269,1946. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948.
18 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Polymorphina hirsuta H. B. Brady, Parker and Jones, Linnean

Soc. London Trans., vol. 27, p. 243, pi. 42, fig. 37, 1870. 

Reuss, Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-naturwiss. Kl., Sitzungsber., vol. 62, pt. 1, p. 486, 1870;.in von Schlicht, Foram. 

Septar. Pietzpuhl, pi. 34, figs. 1-3, 1870. 

Jones and Chapman, Linnean Soc. Jour., Zoology, vol. 25, p.

511, text fig. 21, 1896. 

Jones, Foraminifera of the Crag, pt. 3, p. 273, pi. 6, fig. 14,

1896. 

Heron-Alien and Earland, Royal Micr. Soc. Jour., 1909, p.

435, pi. 17, fig. 7. 

Franke, Greifswald Univ., Geol.-paleont. Inst., Abh., vol. 6,

p. 78, pi. 6, fig. 22,1925. 

Globulina ruyosa D'Orbigny, Foraminiferes fossiles du bassin

tertiaire de Vienne, p. 229, pi. 13, figs. 19, 20, 1846. 

Terquem, Essai sur le classement des animaux qui vivent 

sur la plage et dans les environs de Dunkerque, pt 2, p. 77,- 

pl. 10, fig. 1, 1876. 

Polymorphina rugosa Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 104,

pt. 4, p. 157, pi. 41, fig. 6, 1923.

Polymorphina globosa Karrer (not von Minister), Akad. Wiss. 

Wien, Math.-naturwiss. Kl., Sitzungsber., vol. 52, pt. 1, 

p. 497, pi., fig. 12,1865.

This finely spinose variety occurs with the typical 

form but is much less abundant. Like the species it has 

a broad range, and is known from Cretaceous to Recent.

Globulina gibba D'Orbigny var. striata Egger 

Plate 3, figure 6

Polymorphina (Globulina) striata Egger, Neues Jahrb. fur Min.,

Jahrg. 1857, p. 291, pi. 14, figs. 3, 4. 

Globulina gibbet d'Orbigny var. striata Cushman and Ozawa,

U. S. Nat. Mus. Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 65, pi. 16, figs.

5-7, 1930. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5,

pi. 22, fig. 10,1933; Foraminifera, 3rd ed., Key, pi. 22, fig.

10, Cambridge, 1940. 

Polymorphina (Globulina) costata Egger, Neues Jahrb. fur Min.,

Jahrg. 1857, p. 291, pi. 14, figs. 5, 6. 

Polymorphina costata H. B. Brady, Parker and Jones, Linnean

Soc. London Trans., vol. 27, p. 240, pi. 41, fig. 31,1870. 

Variety with the test not compressed, often somewhat longer 

than broad, wall thick, translucent, ornamentation of the surface consisting of longitudinal, platelike costae, independent 

of the sutures, each broken into numerous irregular, jagged 

portions; apertural end usually broadly rounded. Length 0.30- 

0.40 mm ; breadth 0.20-0.33 mm ; thickness 0.18-0.30 mm.—Gushman and Ozawa, 1930.

Only two specimens showing the very distinctive surface ornamentation of this variety were found in the 

Mint Spring Bayou and Burke Creek sections. It was 

described from the Miocene of Germany.

Globulina alabamensis Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 3, figure 7

Globulina alabamensis Cushman and McGlamery, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 15, p. 46, pi. 9, fig. 3, 1939;

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 68, pi. 5, figs.

1-4, 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 87, pi. 15, fig. 4, 1946; vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948. 

Polymorphina spinosa Cushman (not D'Orbigny), U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 133, pi. 31, fig. 5, 1922;

Prof. Paper 133, p. 34, 1923.

Test slightly longer than broad, both ends broadly rounded, 

periphery broadly rounded, thickness slightly less than the 

breadth ; chambers few, only slightly inflated, increasing rapidly 

in size as added, last-formed chamber making up at least half 

the surface in the adult; sutures distinct, sigmoid in the adult, 

little if at all depressed, very slightly limbate; wall ornamented 

with numerous short spines, rather evenly scattered over the 

whole surface; aperture terminal, radiate. Length 0.60-1.25 

mm ; breadth 0.40-1.00 mm; thickness 0.35-0.85 mm.—Cushman 

and McGlamery.

This species occurs in all five sections. It is easily 

distinguished from G. gibba D'Orbigny var. punctata 

D'Orbigny by its ornamentation, which is much coarser, with rather widely spaced, blunt, stalk-like projections rather than true spines, and with the wall between 

the spines smooth and translucent in well-preservp^ 

specimens.

Globulina fimbriata Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 3, figure 8

Globulina fimbriata Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 105, pi. 24, fig. 20, 1938. 

Test planoconvex, periphery keeled, the edge frilled; chambers somewhat obscure on the convex side, several visible on 

the flattened side, the last-formed chamber making up all but 

a small elongate area at one side; sutures somewhat indistinct, 

not depressed; wall smooth, perforate; aperture obscure, apparently peripheral in the adult. Diameter 0.30 mm, height 0.10 

mm.—Cushman and McGlamery.

This is apparently an attached form. It was described from the Oligocene at Choctaw Bluff, Alabama 

Eiver, Ala., but not previously recorded elsewhere. 

Specimens were found in a few samples from three 

of the sections in Rankin County.

Genus Pyrulina D'Orbigny, 1839

Pyrulina albatrossi Cushman and Ozawa

Plate 3, figure 9

Pyrulina albatrossi Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum,

Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 58, pi. 15, flgs. 1-3, 1930. 

Cushman, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 4, p. 34, pi. 5, figs.

17, 18, 1930.

Cushman and Ponton, idem, Bull. 9, p. 66, 1932. 

Cushman and Cahill, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 175-A,

p. 18, pi. 6, fig. 5, 1933.

Cushman, idem, Prof. Paper 210-A, p. 5, 1946. 

Test elongate, fusiform to cylindrical, acute at both ends; 

chambers elongated, much embracing, arranged in a triserial 

series, becoming biserial later, but often one extra, rounded 

chamber added at the top of the test, each succeeding chamber 

slightly removed from the base; sutures but little depressed, 

nearly vertical, generally distinct; wall smooth, thin, almost 

transparent; aperture radiate. Holotype, length 1.85 mm; 

breadth 0.65 mm; thickness 0.40 mm.—Cushman and Ozawa.

Single specimens were found in four samples. This 

species was described from off Cuba and has been recorded from the Miocene of Florida, North Carolina, 

Maryland, and wall samples from the Virgin Islands.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 19

Pyrulina aequalis Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 3, figure 10

Test broadly fusiform, circular in section, about 

equally acute at both ends, periphery smooth; chambers 

rapidly increasing in size, last two comprising most of 

the test, very little if at all inflated; sutures indistinct, 

not depressed; wall smpoth, finely perforate, translucent 

in well-preserved specimens; aperture comparatively 

large, radiate, not greatly protruding. Length as much 

as 0.60 mm, breath as much as 0.22 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47663) from the middle 

Oligocene, Glendon (?) limestone member of the Byram 

formation (sample 662-5), Robinson Quarry near Brandon, sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This species differs from P. vicksburgensis (Cushman) in its broadly fusiform shape and smooth wall 

throughout.

It occurs, but is rare, in all but the Richland Creek 

section.

Genus Pseudopolymorphina Cushman and Ozawa, 1928 

Pseudopolymorphina rutila (Cushman) Cushman and Ozawa

Plate 3, figure 16

PolymorpMna regina H. B. Brady, Parker and Jones var. rutila 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 34, pi. 5, 

figs. 7, 8, 1923. 

PseudopolymorpMna rutila Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat.

Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 100, pi. 26, fig. 3, 1930. 

Cushman, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 4, p. 36, pi. 5, fig. 20,

1930.

Cole, idem, Bull. 6, p. 30, pi. 4, fig. 13,1931. 

Cushman and Ponton, idem, Bull. 9, p. 67, 1932. 

Cushman and Cahill, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 175-A,

p. 19, pi. 6, fig. 11, 1933.

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5, 

pi. 22, fig. 15, 1933; Foraminifera, 3d ed., Key, pi. 22, 

fig. 15, Cambridge, 1940. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 87, pi. 15, fig. 5,1946.

Test compressed, elongate, fusiform, with a strong spine at 

the base; chambers more or less elongated, not much embracing, 

alternating; sutures more or less depressed, distinct; wall 

marked with a few strong, longitudinal costae; aperture radiate. Maximum length 1.30 mm; breadth 0.22 mm; thickness 

0.14 mm.—Cushman and Ozawa, 1930.

A few specimens of this species, described from the 

Byram formation of Mississippi and recorded also 

from the Miocene and Pliocene of Florida, were found 

in three of the sections.

Genus Sigmomorphina Cushman and Ozawa, 1928

Sigmomorphina semitecta (Reuss) Cushman and Ozawa 

var. terquemiana (Fornasini) Cushman and Ozawa

Plate 3, figure 11

PolymorpMna, amygdaloides Reuss var. terquemiana Fornasini, 

Accad. sci. 1st. Bologna Mem., ser. 5, vol 9, 1900-1902, p. 

72, text fig. 25, 1902.

SigmiomorpMna semitecta (Reuss) var. terquemiana (Fornasini) Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc.,

vol. 77, art. 6, p. 129, pi. 33, figs. 4, 5; pi. 34, figs. 2, 3; pi. 

35, fig. 1, 1930.

Cushman, Tennessee Div. Geology Bull. 41, p. 42, pi. 6, 

fig. 12, 1931; U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 161, pt. 2, p. 40, 

pi. 9, figs. 6-9, 1933; Cushman Lab. Foram. Research 

Special Pub. 5, pi. 22, fig. 16, 1933; U. S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 181, p. 28,1935.

Howe, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 14, p. 55, pi. 7, figs. 

11, 12, 1939.

Cushman, Foraminifera, 3d ed., Key, pi. 22, fig. 16, Cambridge, 1940.

Cushman and Applin, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research. 

Contr., vol. 19, p. 37, pi. 7, fig. 23,1943.

Cushman, idem, vol. 20, p. 24, pi. 4, fig. 15; p. 41, pi. 7, fig. 3,

1944. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 15; p. 90, pi. 14, fig. 11,

1945. 

Cushman and Herrick, idem, vol. 21, p. 61, pi. 10, fig. 4,

1945.

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, pp. 57, 87, 1946. 

van Bellen, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V, no. 4,

p. 42, pi. 3, fig. 20, 1946.

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 206, p. 98, pi. 41, 

fig. 13, 1946; Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special 

Pub. 16, p. 20, pi. 4, fig. 18,1946. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 18, p. 35, pi. 5, fig.

26, 1946; idem, Contr., vol. 23, p. 44, 1947. 

Sigmomorphina cf. semitecta (Reuss) var. trequemiana (Fornasini) Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 18, p. 35, pi. 6, 

figs. 16, 17, 1942.

PolymorpMna amygdaloides Terquem (not Reuss), Soc. geol. 

France Mem., 3rd ser., vol. 2, p. 141, pi. 14 (22), figs. 30, 

31, 1882. 

PolymorpMna pauperata Terquem, idem, vol. 1, p. 38, pi. 3 (8),

figs. 11-19, 1878.

Globulina varians Terquem, idem, vol. 2, p. 128, pi. 13 (21), 

figs. 9-16, 1882.

Test rather small for the genus, compressed, smoothly 

pyrif orm; chambers elongate, rapidly enlarging, all extending down to the base of the test, not inflated, strongly embracing; sutures distinct, generally not depressed; 

wall smooth, very finely perforate, translucent; aperture radiate, slightly protruding. Length 0.35 to 0.70 

mm, breadth 0.22 to 0.33 mm.

This form, which is widely recorded from Upper 

Cretaceous to Recent, occurs very frequently throughout all the sections.

Sigmomorphina undulosa (Terquem) Cushman and Ozawa 

Plate 3, figure 12

PolymorpMna undulosa Terquem, Soc. Geol. France Mem.,

3rd. ser., vol. 1, p. 41, pi. 3 (8), fig. 35 (not fig. 36), 1878. 

SigmomorpMna undulosa (Terquem) Cushman and Ozawa, U.

S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 131, pi. 34, figs.

4, 5,1930.

Cole, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 6, p. 31, text figs. 1-3,1931. 

Cushman and Ponton, idem, Bull. 9, p. 68, pi. 10, fig. 6,

1932. 

PolymorpMna amygdaloides Terquem (not Reugs), Soc. geol.

France Mem., 3rd ser., vol. 1, p. 39, pi. 3 (8), figs. 22,

25 (not figs. 23, 24, 26-30), 1878.

Test oval to ovate, compressed; chambers elongated, embracing, arranged in a contraclockwise sigmoid series, each succeeding chamber not much removed from the base; sutures 

depressed, distinct; wall smooth, rather thin, often covered
20 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

with fistulose tubes; aperture radiate. Maximum length 0.60 

mm; breadth 0.30 mm; thickness 0.15 mm.—Cushman and 

Ozawa, 1930.

Four specimens from the Burke Creek and Robinson 

Quarry sections seem to belong to this species. They 

are all extremely glassy and clearly show the internal 

arrangement of the chambers. The species has been 

reported from the Miocene and Pliocene of Florida, the 

Pliocene of England, and Recent material from the 

Atlantic.

Sigmomorphina cf. S. williamsoni (Terquem) Cushman and Ozawa 

Plate 3, figure 14

A single very small specimen from sample 757-8 of 

the Burke Creek section seems to be very close to this 

species as described by Cushman and Ozawa (U. S. 

Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6, p. 138, pi. 38, figs. 

3,4,1930). It is only 0.25 mm long and 0.13 mm wide.

Sigmomorphina pulchra Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 3, figure 13

Test elongate oval, greatest breadth about the middle, 

slightly compressed, periphery smooth, initial and 

apertural ends about equally acute; chambers sigmoid, 

rapidly increasing in size as added, not strongly embracing, last one or two chambers not reaching back 

to the base; sutures very distinct, slightly depressed; 

wall smooth, very finely perforate; aperture comparatively large, oval, radiate, protruding. Length 0.65 

to 0.83 mm, breadth 0.25 to 0.30 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47664) from the middle 

Oligocene Glendon (?) limestone member of the Byram 

formation (sample 662—5), Robinson Quarry near 

Brandon, sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This species differs from /S. trilocularis (Bagg), from 

the Pleistocene of California, in the slenderer form and 

smooth periphery. It occurs rarely in all the sections 

studied.

Genus Polymorphina D'Orbigny, 1826

Polymorphina advena Cushman

Plate 3, figure 17

Polymorphina advena Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-F, p. 132, pi. 31, fig. 4, 1922; Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 41, pi. 7, fig. 5, 1929. 

Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77, art. 6,

p. 118, pi. 30, fig. 10, 1930. 

Cushman and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 9, p. 67,

pi. 10, fig. 4, 1932. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 29, pi. 10,

fig. 8, 1935. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 106,

pi. 24, fig. 21, 1938. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 58, pi. 6,

figs. 14, 15, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Ellisor, idem, vol. 19, p. 559, pi. 74, fig. 20,1945. 

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 61, pi. 10, fig. 5, 1945.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Special Pub. 15, p. 35, pi. 5, fig. 

22, 1945; Contr., vol. 22, p. 87, pi. 15, figs. 6, 7, 1946; vol. 

24, p. 8 (list), 1948.

Test much compressed, broadly ovate; chambers numerous, 

elongate, alternating, much the broadest near the peripheral 

end; sutures slightly depressed; surface ornamented with 

numerous fine longitudinal costae, except the last-formed one 

or two chambers, which are smooth, at least at the apertural 

end; aperture radiate. Length 1 mm.—Cushman.

This species occurs nearly throughout all the sections. 

It was described from Mint Spring Bayou and has been 

recorded from the upper Eocene to the Miocene.

Polymorphina frondea (Cushman) Cushman 

Plate 3, figure 15

Bolivina frondea Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-F, p. 126, pi. 29, fig. 3, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 20, 

1923.

PolymorpMna frondea Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 41, 1929. 

Cushman and Ozawa, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 77,

art. 6, p. 118, pi. 30, fig. 11, 1930.

Bermudez, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 12, p. 20, 1938. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 68, pi. 5, figs. 5-7, 1942. 

Kline, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 53, p. 41, pi. 4, fig. 7,

1943. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 559,

pi. 74, fig. 19, 1945. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab Foram. Research Contr., vol. 21,

p. 4, pi. 1, fig. 13, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 91, pi. 14, fig. 20,1945;

vol. 22, p. 88, 1946.

Test compressed, of uniform thickness, the broad sides 

nearly parallel, oblong, broadest above the middle, acuminate 

toward the initial end, margins with a raised rim; chambers 

compressed, elongated, alternating; sutures depressed, distinct; 

wall smooth, often with obscure fine costae; aperture radiate. 

Length 0.50-0.65 mm; breadth 0.30-0.40 mm; thickness 0.04- 

0.05 mm—Cushman and Ozawa, 1930.

This species also occurs nearly throughout all the 

sections. It was described from the Mint Spring marl 

member of the Marianna limestone and has been 

recorded from the Glendon limestone member of the 

Byram formation, Marianna limestone, Red Bluff clay, 

Chickasawhay limestone, subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas, Jackson group of Mississippi 

and Georgia, Eocene of Cuba, and Paleocene of Mississippi.

At first glance the two strongly compressed species 

of Polymorphina, advena and frondea, might be confused, but close examination shows several reliable 

points of distinction: (1) the periphery is rounded ir 

P. advena and sharply truncate in P. frondea; (2) th<i 

sutures are limbate and more distinct in P. frondea; and 

(3) the initial end in P. frondea is more sharply acute 

with the test rapidly broadening, whereas in P. advena 

the initial end is blunt with the sides gradually tapering 

outward from it.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 21

Genus Bamulina Rupert Jones, 1875

Bamulina globulifera H. B. Brady

Plate 3, figure 18

Ramulina globulifera H. B. Brady, Quart. Jour. Micr. ScL, vol.

19, p. 58, pi. 8, figs. 32, 33,1879; Challenger Kept., Zoology,

vol. 9, p. 587, pi. 76, figs. 22-28, 1884. 

Amicis, Nat. Sicil., vol. 14, p. 112, pi. 1, fig. 14, 1895. 

Egger, K. bayer. Akad. Wiss., Math.-naturh. Abt., Abh., Kl. 2,

vol. 21, pt. 1, p. 135, pi. 2, fig. 2; pi. 22, fig. 33, 1899. 

Flint, U. S. Nat. Museum Kept, for 1897, p. 321, pi. 68, fig. 6,

1899. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 71, pt. 3, p. 110, pi. 39,

fig. 1, 1913. 

Chapman and Parr, Linnean Soc. Jour., Zoology, vol. 36, p.

394, pi. 21, fig. 86, 1926.

Plummer, Texas Univ. Bull. 3101, p. 174, pi. 11, fig. 15, 1931. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5,

pi. 22, fig. 23, 1933. 

Toulmin, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 15, p. 596, pi. 80, fig.

21, 1941. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 59, pi. 6,

fig. 21, 1942.

Kline, idem, Bull. 53, p. 42, pi. 4, figs. 10, 15, 1943. 

Colom, Instit. Invest. Geol. No. 3 Estudios Geol6gicos, p. 154,

pi. 13, figs. 268, 271, 272, 1946.

Fragmentary specimens occur in scattered samples 

throughout all the sections studied. They consist of 

irregularly globular central chambers from which four 

to six short arms radiate outward toward other globular chambers. The walls of the chambers and radiating 

arms are thin, sometimes translucent, and rather thinly 

covered by sharp spines.

This species was described from Recent material and 

has been widely recorded from Cretaceous to Kecent.

Family NONIONIDAE

Genus Nonion Montfort, 1808 

Nonion decoratum Cushman and McGlamery

Plate 3, figure 19

Nonion decoratum Cushman and McGlamery, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 15, p. 46, pi. 9, fig. 4, 1939;

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 69, pi. 5, fig. 9,

1942.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 88, 1946.

Nonion advenum Cushman and McGlamery (part) (not Cushman), U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 106, pi. 

24, fig. 23 (not fig. 24), 1938.

Test planispiral, involute, periphery rounded, lobulate, umbilical area somewhat depressed but with a central boss; chambers 

very distinct, eight to ten in the adult whorl, slightly inflated, 

increasing rather evenly in size as added; sutures very distinct, 

deeply excavated, limbate, very slightly curved in the earlier 

stages, nearly straight and radial in the last-formed portion; 

wall mostly smooth, finely perforate, the inner portion of the 

sutures toward the umbilical region, and the central boss, ornamented with fine, granular projections; aperture low, elongate, 

at the base of the last-formed chamber. Length 0.40-0.45 mm; 

breadth 0.30-0.40 mm; thickness 0.20 mm.—Cushman and 

McGlamery.

This species was described from the Chickasawhay 

limestone near Millry, Ala., and has been recorded from 

Choctaw Bluff, Ala., and from the Byram formation at 

its type locality. It occurs commonly to abundantly 

nearly throughout all five sections.

Nonion advenum (Cushman) Howe 

Plate 3, figure 20

Nonionina advena Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-F, p. 139, pi. 32, fig. 8, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 50, 

1923. 

Dumble, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 8, p. 444

(list), 1924. 

Cushman and Applin, idem, vol. 10, p. 181, pi. 10, figs. 16,

17,1926. 

Nonion advena (Cushman) Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2,

p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Nonion advenus Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol.

15, no. 57b, p. 10, pi. 2, fig. 15,1930.

Nonion advenum Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, 

p. 30, pi. 11, figs. 1-4, 1935; Prof. Paper 191, p. 9, pi. 20, 

figs. 3. 4,1939. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 59, pi. 6,

fig. 20,1942. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 69, pi. 5, fig. 8,1942. 

Applin and Jordan, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, pp. 129, 130

(lists), 1945.

Cushman and Ellisor, idem, vol. 19, p. 560, pi. 75, fig. 1,1945. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr. vol. 21,

p. 5, pi. 1, fig. 15,1945. 

Cushman and Herrick, idem, vol. 21, p. 61, pi. 10, fig. 9, 1945.' 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 91, pi. 15, fig. 1, 1945;

vol. 22, p. 88,1946.

Test small, circular in side view, biconvex ; periphery rounded, 

nine to eleven chambers in the last-formed coil, inflated; sutures 

curved, slightly sigmoid, the inner portion excavated and 

broadened; umbilical region at each side of the test occupied 

by a large projecting knob of clear shell material; aperture at 

the base of the last-formed chamber. Diameter 0.75 mm or 

less.—Cushman.

This species was described from the Mint Spring marl 

member of the Marianna limestone of Mississippi and 

has been widely recorded in the lower and middle 

Oligocene and upper Eocene of the Gulf Coastal area. 

It was found to be much less abundant than N. decoratum in the present samples. The two species are 

close in appearance but differ in the following respects: 

(1) the periphery of N. decoratum is lobulated in side 

view and broadly rounded in edge view whereas the 

periphery of N. advenum is smooth in side view and 

subacute in edge view; (2) the average number of 

chambers in N. advenum is about two more than in N. 

decoratum; and (3) the umbilical area is depressed in 

N. decoratum, but is raised and with the umbilical boss 

generally higher in N. advenum.
22 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Honion vickburgense Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 3, figure 21

Nonion affine Cushman and Ellisor (not Reuss), Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 560, pi. 75, fig. 2,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 22, p. 88, pi. 15, fig. 8, 1946.

Test planispiral, much compressed, deeply biumbilicate; umbilici irregularly shaped with inward-projecting flaps; periphery entire, broadly rounded; chambers 

indistinct, 8 to 10 in the adult whorl, of uniform shape, 

not inflated except the last one or two, very gradually 

increasing in size as added, each chamber ending at 

the umbilical region in a slightly thickened limbate 

flap which overhangs the open umbilicus; sutures indistinct except when the test is moistened, slightly 

curved near the periphery, last one or two slightly 

depressed, not limbate; wall smooth, coarsely perforate, translucent in well-preserved specimens with the 

sutures appearing limbate due to the chamber wall 

visible within; aperture a low, elongate opening at the 

base of the apertural face, protected by a delicate, overhanging rim on the last-formed chamber. Diameter 

0.40 to 0.50 mm, thickness 0.20 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47652) from the middle 

Oligocene Glendon (?) limestone member of the Byram 

formation (sample 662-4), Robinson Quarry near 

Brandon, sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This species differs from JV. affine (Reuss) in the 

less compressed test, the slightly fewer and less distinct 

chambers, and the irregular, broken appearance of the 

umbilici as compared to the smoothly finished umbilici 

in N. affine. It differs from N. planatum Cushman and 

Thomas in its larger size and irregular umbilici, and 

its slightly inflated later chambers.

This is one of the most abundant species in this Vicksburg material, being found in every sample studied.

Specimens referred to N. affme from the type locality 

of the Byram formation in Mississippi and the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas seem 

to belong to this species.

Nonion danvillense Howe and Wallace

Nonion danvillensis Howe and Wallace, Louisiana Dept. Cons.

Geol. Bull. 2, p. 51, pi. 9, fig. 3, 1932. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 191, p. 5, pi. 1,

fig. 19, 1939. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 60, pi. 6,

fig. 25, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267(list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 21, p. 92, pi. 15, fig. 4, 1945.

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 16, p. 21, pi. 4, fig. 25, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 11 (list), 1948.

Specimens from the Mint Spring Bayou and Burke 

Creek sections seem to be identical with this species, 

described from the upper Eocene of Louisiana and 

recorded from the upper Eocene of Mississippi and

Alabama and the Oligocene Red Bluff clay of Mississippi and Glendon limestone member of the Byram 

formation of Alabama.

Nonion alabamense Cushman and Todd 

Plate 3, figure 22

Nonion alabamense Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 88, pi. 15, figs. 9, 10, 1946. 

Test involute, bilaterally symmetrical, somewhat longer than 

broad, periphery subacute, sides slightly umbilicate; chambers 

about 12 in number, later ones distinct, slightly inflated, the 

inner end projecting slightly into the central depression, broadly 

triangular in apertural view; sutures distinct, later ones slightly 

depressed; wall smooth; aperture broad and very low, extending along the base of the final chamber. Length 0.55-0.65 mm; 

breadth 0.40-0.45 mm; thickness 0.30-0.32 mm.—Cushman and 

Todd.

Specimens occur in samples scattered throughout all 

the sections- This species was described from the Byram formation at Byram, Miss. It resembles Nonionella 

hantkeni (Cushman and Applin) var. byramensis 

Cushman and Todd, but is bilaterally symmetrical and 

proportionally shorter and thicker.

Genus Nonionella Cushman, 1926

Nonionella hantkeni (Cushman and Applin) Cushman var. 

spissa Cushman

Plate 3, figure 23

Nonionella, hantkeni (Cushman and Applin) var. spissa Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 7, p. 58, 

pi. 7, fig. 13,1931.

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, 

pi. 2, figs. 10,12,1933.

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 31, pi. 12. 

fig. 6,1935.

Cushman and McGlamery, Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 106, pi. 25. 

fig. 2,1938.

Cushman, Prof. Paper 191, p. 30, pi. 8, fig. 5, 1939.

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 61, pi. 6, 

fig. 22,1942.

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 560, 

pi. 75, fig. 5,1945.

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research 

Contr., vol. 21, p. 63, pi. 10, fig. 12, 1945.

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 92, pi. 15, fig. 5, 1945: 

vol. 22, p. 89,1946.

Test large for the genus, robust, nearly involute but 

showing part of the earlier whorl on the dorsal side, 

slightly planoconvex with the dorsal side the flatter 

one; periphery subacute, indented at the last few chambers only; chambers distinct, curved, 9 to 11 in the last 

whorl, slightly inflated, gradually increasing in size as 

added; sutures distinct, curved, strongly incised, especially at the umbilicus, less so toward the periphery; 

wall thick, very finely perforate, smooth except for the 

areas of the umbilici on both sides which are slightly 

hispid; aperture a very low arched opening between 

the base of the apertural face and the previous whorl. 

Length 0.40 to 0.55 mm, thickness 0.25 to 0.30 mm.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 23

This variety is very abundant in these samples. It 

was described from the upper Eocene Cooper marl of 

South Carolina and has been recorded from the upper 

Eocene of the Gulf Coastal region and the Oligocene 

of Choctaw Bluff, Ala., the Byram formation of Mississippi, and the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas.

Nonionella hantkeni (Cushman and Applin) Cushman var. 

byramensis Cushman and Todd

Plate 3, figure 24

Nonionella hantlceni (Cushman and Applin) var. 'byramensis 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research 

Contr., vol. 22, p. 89, pi. 15, figs. 11, 12, 1946.

Test large for the genus, nearly involute but showing 

part of the earlier whorl on the dorsal side, compressed; 

periphery subacute, smooth, not indented; chambers 

distinct, 10 to 12 in the last whorl, not inflated, gradually increasing in size but more rapidly in length; 

sutures distinct, nearly radial but a little curved backward toward the periphery, slightly depressed toward 

the umbilicus; wall thick, very finely perforate, slightly 

hispid around the umbilici; aperture an inconspicuous, 

low, elongate opening between the base of the apertural 

face and the previous whorl. Length 0.50 to 0.75 mm, 

thickness 0.22 to 0.28 mm.

This variety was found in all the sections but is 

slightly less abundant than var. spissa.

Nonionella jacksonensis Cushman 

Plate 3, figure 25

Nonionella, jacksonensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 9, p. 10, pi. 1, fig. 23, 1933; U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 31, pi. 12, figs. 3, 4, 1935; Prof.

Paper 191, p. 29, pi. 8, fig. 2,1939. 

Howe, Louisiana Dept. Cons. Geol. Bull. 14,' p. 59, pi. 8,

figs. 5-7, 1939. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 62, pi. 6,

fig. 23, 1942.

Martin, Stanford Univ. Publ., Univ. Ser., Geol. Sci., vol. 3,

no. 3, p. 11 (list), 1943. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 21, p. 93, pi. 15, fig. 8,1945.

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 16, p. 22, pi. 4, fig. 26, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 10 (list), 1948. 

Cushman and R. E. and K. C. Stewart, Oregon Dept. Geol.

and Min. Ind., Bull. 36, pt. 3, p. 61, pi. 8, fig. 1; pt. 5, p.

100, pi. 13, fig. 5, 1947 (1948). 

Nonionella cf. jatiksonensis Cushman and Ellisor, Jour.

Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 560, pi. 75, fig. 6, 1945. 

Nonionella orassipimctata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 31, pi. 4, fig. 11, 1935. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 560, pi.

75, fig. 3,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 90, pi. 15, fig. 16,1946. 

Nonionella cf. mrassipunctata Palmer, Soc. cubana hist. nat.

Mem., vol. 14, p. 289, pi. 51, figs. 3, 4,1940.

Test small for the genus, elongate planoconvex, 

nearly as thick as broad owing to the large expansion 

of the ventral lobe; periphery smooth, broadly rounded;

chambers distinct, about eight in the last whorl, not 

inflated, very rapidly increasing in height as added, 

last chamber ending in a large, much inflated lobe over 

the umbilicus on the ventral side so that more than half 

the area of the ventral side is occupied by the lastformed chamber; sutures distinct but not depressed; 

wall thin, perforate, translucent; aperture inconspicuous, obscured by the ventral lobe. Length 0.30 to 

0.38 mm, breadth 0.17 to 0.25 mm, thickness 0.15 to 

0.20 mm.

This very striking species occurs in all the sections, 

quite commonly in the four sections in Rankin County.

This species was described from the Jackson group at 

Claiborne, Ala. A re-examination of the type specimen 

shows that the measurements as originally given are 

wrong and should read: "length 0.28 mm; breadth 

0.20 mm; thickness 0.12 mm." Comparison of the type 

specimens of N. jacksonensis and N. crassipunctata indicates that they are indistinguishable and should be 

combined. As a result, the range of this species seems 

to be from middle Eocene to upper Oligocene and to 

include the southeastern United States, Texas, California, Oregon, and Cuba.

Nonionella jacksonensis Cushman var. compresa Cushman 

and Todd

Plate 3, figure 26

Nonionella jacksonensis Cushman var. compressa Cushman and 

Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 21, p. 

93, pi. 15, fig. 7, 1945; vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 1948.

Variety differing from the typical form in being 

strongly compressed and with the chambers more numerous and proportionally longer. A very few scattered specimens from three of the sections seem to be 

identical with this variety, previously known from the 

upper Eocene Moodys Branch formation and the lower 

Oligocene Red Bluff clay of Mississippi.

Nonionella pauciloba Cushman 

Plate 3, figure 28

Nonionella pauciloba Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 11, p. 32, pi. 4, fig. 12,1935. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 89, pi. 15, fig. 17,

1946. 

Nonionella cf. pauciloba Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub.

22, p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 12,1947.

Test slightly longer than broad, only slightly inequilateral 

in peripheral view, dorsal side evoliate, ventrally involute with 

the basal lobe very small, barely reaching and covering the 

umbilicus; chambers very distinct, above eight in the adult 

whorl, slightly inflated, pointed at the inner end, increasing 

gradually in length in the adult; sutures distinct, depressed, 

slightly curved, the earlier ones tending to become somewhat 

limbate; wall smooth, very finely perforate; aperture narrow, 

at the base and extending over slightly onto the ventral side. 

Length 0.30 mm; breadth 0.20 mm; thickness 0.15 mm.— 

Cushman.

This species occurs in all the sections. It is a smaller, 

more compact form than N. oligocenica.
24 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Nonionella oligocenica Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 3, figure 27

Nonionella oligocenica Cushman and McGlamery, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 15, p. 47, pi. 9, fig. 5, 1939;

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 69, pi. 5, figs.

10-12,1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 89, pi. 15, fig. 15,1946. 

Nonionella danvillensis Cushman and McGlamery (not Howe

and Wallace), U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p.

106, pi. 25, fig. 1,1938.

Test slightly longer than broad, slightly evolute, periphery 

broadly rounded, slightly lobulate in the last portion, ventral 

side slightly umbilicate, dorsal side slightly umbonate; chambers distinct, about ten in the adult whorl, somewhat inflated, 

more so in the last-formed portion of the adult whorl, increasing gradually and rather evenly in size as added; sutures distinct, earlier ones strongly limbate, curved, not depressed, later 

ones very slightly curved, depressed ; wall smooth and polished, 

very finely perforate; aperture, a low opening at the base of 

the last-formed chamber, just ventral to the periphery, sometimes with a slight, overhanging lip. Length 0.45-0.50 mm; 

breadth 0.35-0.40 mm; thickness 0.20 mm.—Cushman and McGlamery.

This species is found fairly frequently throughout all 

the sections.

Nonionella tatumi Howe

Plate 3, figure 29

Nonionella tatumi Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p. 330, pi. 27,

fig. 6, 1930. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 2, fig. 11, 1933. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 191, p. 31,'pl. 8,

fig. 8, 1939. 

Franklin, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 18, p. 313, pi. 46, fig. 23,

1944.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 22, p. 90, pi. W, figs. 13, 14, 1946; vol. 24, p. 8 (list), 

1948.

Test subtrochoid, small, periphery broadly rounded, usually 

nine chambers in the last formed coil, distinct, dorsal side not 

completely involute. Sutures nearly straight. Ventral side 

involute with the last formed chamber having an extension the 

end of which is generally divided into three or more small lobes 

which completely cover the umbilical area. Aperture low, 

arched, at the base of the last formed chamber. Length 0.30 

mm; breadth 0.25 mm; thickness 0.10 mm.—Howe.

' The several finger-like extensions on the ventral lobe 

serve to distinguish this species from the somewhat 

similar N. jacksonensis. Although the type figure does 

not show these extensions, they are mentioned in the 

description and are conspicuous in the present specimens. The species occurs commonly throughout all 

the sections. It was described from the Mint Spring 

marl member of the Marianna limestone and has been 

recorded from the Byram formation and Red Bluff clay 

of Mississippi, subsurface Vicksburg formation in 

Texas, and the Carapita formation of Venezuela.

Nonionella minutissima Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 3, figure 30

Test minute for the genus, compressed, dorsal side 

evolute with about two complete whorls visible, ventral 

side involute; periphery broadly rounded, slightly lobulated; chambers seven or eight in the last-formed whorl, 

gradually increasing in size and inflation as added, last 

formed one with an inconspicuous lobe over the umbilicus on the ventral side; sutures distinct, depressed, 

nearly radial; wall rather coarsely granular; aperture 

inconspicuous, at the base of the last-formed chamber. 

Diameter 0.20 to 0.25 mm, thickness 0.10 to 0.12 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47612) from the middle 

Oligocene Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna 

limestone (sample 757-2b), section in Burke Creek, sec. 

15, T. 4 K, R. 1 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This species somewhat resembles Nonion danvillense 

Howe and Wallace but is distinctly evolute on one side. 

In addition, the chambers are less rapidly enlarging 

and the periphery is broadly rounded in Nonionella 

minutissima,.

This species was found commonly only in sample 

757-2b of the Burke Creek section, but a few specimens 

were found in the other sections.

Family HETEROHELICIDAE

Genus Giimbelina Egger, 1899

Giimbelina cubensis Palmer

Plate 4, figure 1

Giimbelina cubensis Palmer, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 8,

p. 74, text figs. 1-6, 1934.

Palmer and Bermudez, idem, vol. 10, p. 284,1936. 

Bermudez, idem, vol. 12, p. 11, 1938. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 15,

p. 63, pi. 10, fig. 54, 1939.

Palmer, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 14, p. 292, 1940. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 62, pi. 6, figs.

26, 27, 1942. 

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 63, pi. 10, fig. 14,1945. 

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 16, p. 22, pi. 4, fig. 28, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 90, 1946; vol.

24, p. 11 (list), 1948.

Test minute. Comprising approximately 7 pairs of chambers 

biserially arranged throughout. Chambers inflated; increasing 

regularly but rapidly in width so that the last 2 pairs form 

half the length of the test. Maximum width at apertural extremity. Sutures depressed. In side view periphery only moderately lobulate. Aperture a very low opening at the base of 

the final chamber. Wall calcareous, very finely perforated, 

slightly roughened.

Dimensions: Length approximately .25 mm. There is considerable variation in the width. Average specimens have a 

width of .15 mm, but specimens .1 mm in width are not uncommon.—Palmer.

This species occurs commonly throughout all the sections. It is known from the Oligocene and upper 

Eocene of Cuba, the Eocene of submarine cores off the
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 25

east coast of the United States, the Eocene of Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia, and the Oligocene Byram 

formation and Ked Bluff clay of Mississippi.

Genus Bolivinella Cushman, 1927

Bolivinella subpectinata Cushman

Plate 4, figure 2

Bolivinella subpectinata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. 

Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 34, pi. 5, fig. 8,1929.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p. 264, pi. 21, fig. 1, 1930.

Cushman and Ellisor, idem, vol. 19, p. 561, pi. 75, fig. 10, 

1945.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 91, 1946.

Textularia folium Cushman (not Parker and Jones), Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., vol. 10, p. 199, 1920; U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 90, pi. 14, fig. 3, 1922; Prof. 

Paper 133, p. 18,1925.

Test small, roughly rhomboid, widest at the base of the lastformed chambers, very much compressed, sides nearly flat; 

chambers numerous, strongly curved; sutures slightly limbate, 

strongly raised above the general surface of the test, confluent in a zig-zag line along the median line of the test, 

projecting somewhat at the peripheral margins forming a subpectinate edge; walls and sutures smooth. Length 0.50 mm; 

breath 0.40 mm.—Cushman.

This species occurs rarely in scattered samples in all 

but one of the sections. It is known from the Glendon 

limestone member of the Byram formation in Mississippi and the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor 

in Texas.

Bolivinella vicksburgensis Howe 

Plate 4, figure 3

Bolivinella vicksburgensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p.

266, pi. 21, fig. 5, 1930. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p, 8 (list), 1948.

Test small, elongate, widest at the outer edge of the lastformed chamber, compressed, but much thicker in the middle 

than at the edges; edges rounded and indented at or just above 

the suture lines; chambers smooth, gently curved down the 

middle of the test, the later ones slightly sigmoid; sutures confluent, limbate, forming a zig-zag line approximately flush with 

the surface of the chambers and ornamented with a regular 

series of raised beads. Length, 0.32 mm; width, 0.20 mm.— 

Howe.

Only single specimens of this slender species were 

found in several samples. It was described from the 

Glendon (?) limestone member of the Byram formation 

at the top of the falls at Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, 

Miss., and has been recorded from the Ked Bluff clay 

in Mississippi.

Genus Amphimorphina Neugeboren, 1850

Amphimorphina sp.

Plate 4, figure 4

Very rare specimens from the four sections in Rankin 

County seem to represent an undescribed species but 

they are inadequate for a complete description. They

are small, strongly compressed, unornamented, and 

thin-walled and translucent. The available specimens 

show almost no variation in size and appearance. None 

has an unbroken apertural end.

Family BUIIMINIDAE

Genus Buliminella Cushman, 1911

Buliminella obtusata Cushman

Plate 4, figure 5

Buliminella obtusata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 5, p. 42, pi. 7, fig. 8, 1929. 

Cushman and Parker, idem, vol. 13, p. 39, pi. 4, figs. 8, 9,

1937. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 91, pi. 15, figs. 21, 22,

1946. 

Cushman and Parker, TJ. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 210-D,

p. 63, pi. 16, figs. 16, 17,1947.

Test elongate, between 2 and 3 times as long as broad, usually 

not more than 2 whorls; chambers numerous, 7 or more in the 

last whorl; sutures distinct, flush with the surface, except 

for the spiral suture, which may be depressed; wall smooth, 

polished, finely perforate; aperture in a slight depression of the 

apertural face, which is large and concave, gradually depressed 

to its deepest at the aperture. Length up to 0.46 mm; breadth 

up to 0.20 mm.—Cushman and Parker, 1937.

Very rare specimens of this distinctive species were 

found in three of the sections. In America it has been 

recorded only from the Vicksburg group and the Red 

Bluff clay of Mississippi. It differs from a somewhat 

similar form, B. choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery, in being larger and proportionally much stouter.

Buliminella madagascariensis (D'Orbigny) .Cushman and Parker 

var. spicata Cushman and .Parker

Plate 4, figure 6

Buliminella madagascariensis (d'Orbigny) var. spicata Cushman and Parker, in Cushman, TJ. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 

161, pt. 3, p. 8, pi. 3, figs. 5, 6,1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 91, pi. 15, figs. 23, 24,1946. 

Cushman and Parker, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 210-D,

p. 64, pi. 16, fig. 20, 1947. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Bulimina elegantissima, D'Orbigny var. apiculata Chapman (not 

Egger), Linnean Soc. London Jour. Zoology, vol. 30, p. 31, 

pi. 4, fig. 77, 1907.

Sidebottom, Royal Micr. Soc. Jour. 1918, p. 23, pi. 3, fig. 11. 

Buliminella elegantissima (D'Orbigny) var. apiculata Cushman,

Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 342, p. 25, 1924. 

Buliminella apiculata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 5, p. 44, pi. 7, figs. 6, 7,1929. 

Cushman and Parker, idem, vol. 13, p. 39, pi. 4, fig. 10,1937.

Only two specimens of this small, compact form with 

a stout basal spine were found in the Mint Spring 

Bayou section. It is known from the Byram formation 

of Mississippi, the Oligocene, Miocene, and Recent of 

Australia, and the Recent of the Indo-Pacific region.
26 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Buliminella robertsi (Howe and Ellis) Martin 

Plate 4, figure 7

Bulimina robertsi Howe and Ellis, in Howe, Louisiana Dept.

Cons. Geol. Bull. 14, p. 63, pi. 8, figs. 32, 33, 1939. 

Buliminella robertsi Martin, Stanford Univ. Pub., Univ. Ser.,

Geol. Sci., vol. 3, no. 3, p. 9 (list), 1943. 

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 64, pi. 10, fig. 15, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 21, p. 94, pi. 15, fig. 12, 1945. 

Cushman and Parker, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 210-D,

p. 62, pi. 16, fig 8, 1947.

Bulimina guayabalensis Cushman and Thomas (not Cole), Jour. 

Paleontology, vol. 4, p. 38, pi. 3, fig. 6, 1930.

Two specimens of this minute species were found, 

one in the Mint Spring Bayou section and the other in 

the railroad cut. The species was described from the 

middle Eocene Cook Mountain formation, of Louisiana and has been recorded from the Cook Mountain 

formation of Texas, the Lodo formation of California, 

the McBean formation of Georgia, the Moodys Branch 

formation of Mississippi, and submarine cores off the 

east coast of the United States, all of Eocene age.

Comparison with specimens of Turrilina alsatica 

Andreae from the Oligocene of France shows that it 

very closely resembles this species, and a careful study 

may reveal that they are identical.

Genus Robertina D'Orbigny, 1846 

Robertina angusta (Cushman) Cushman and Parker 

Plate 4, figure 8

Buliminella subteres (H. B. Brady), var. angusta Cushman,

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 127, pi. 29, figs. 8,

9, 1922 ; Prof. Paper 133, p. 24,1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5,

p. 42, pi. 7, fig. 4, 1929. 

Robertina angusta Cushman and Parker, idem, vol. 12, p. 96,

pi. 16, fig. 11, 1P36. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 70, pi. 5, fig. 15, 1942. 

Cushman and Frizzell, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 19, p. 85, pi. 14, fig. 15,1943. 

Cushman and Parker, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 210-D,

p. 73, pi. 18, fig. 6, 1947. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948. 

Buliminella subteres Cushman and Ponton (not H. B. Brady),

Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 9, p. 76, pi. 11, fig. 9, 1932.

Test usually more than twice, as long as broad, irregularly 

fusiform, initial end somewhat more pointed than the apertural; 

chambers, about 7 pairs in the final whorl, increasing rather 

slowly in size as added, all of one series meeting the median 

line on the ventral side; sutures distinct, limbate, not depressed; 

wall smooth; aperture elongate, elliptical, almost closed near 

the base, more open toward the inner end, which reaches more 

than half way across the apertural face, supplementary aperture very small and low. Length 0.32-0.60 mm; diameter 

0.22-0.34 mm.—Cushman and Parker, 1936.

This species was found rarely in three of the sections 

studied. It was described from the Mint Spring marl 

member of the Marianna limestone and is known from

the Byram formation and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi, 

the Chickasawhay limestone of Alabama, and the Lincoln formation of Washington, all of Oligocene age, and 

the Duplin marl of Florida, of Miocene age.

Genus Bulimina D'Orbigny, 1826

Bulimina ovata D'Orbigny var. primitiva Todd, n. var. 

Plate 4, figures 9-11

Bulimina ovata D'Orbigny? Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 129-E, p. 92, pi. 16, fig. 4, 1922; Prof. Paper 133.

p. 23, 1923. 

Bulimina ovata Cushman (part) (not D'Orbigny), idem, Prof.

Paper 181, p. 35, pi. 13, fig. 15 (not fig. 16), 1935; Cushman

Lab Foram. Research Special Pub. 16, p. 23. pi. 5, fig. 2,

1946.

Variety differing from the typical form in the moreslender, more elongate, and smaller test, the indented 

sutures, and the more pointed initial end. Length 0.40 

to 0.50 mm, diameter 0.20 to 0.28 mm. .

Holotype of variety (Cushman Coll. no. 47525) from' 

the middle Oligocene Glendon (?) limestone member of 

the Byram formation (sample 4), Mint Spring Bayou, 

south of National Military Cemetery, Vicksburg, Miss.

Comparison with topotypes of the typical form of the 

species from the Miocene of the Vienna Basin reveals 

that this variety is quite distinct. It seems to be an 

important form in the present series of samples, as IE 

occurs quite commonly in only the lower portions of all 

the sections studied and is very rare or absent in the 

upper portions of the sections.

A few records of Bulimina ovata D'Orbigny, as given 

in the above synonymy seem upon examination of the 

figured specimens to belong in this variety. They are 

from the upper Eocene Cooper marl 1 of Berkeley 

County, S. C., and Cocoa sand member of the Yazoo 

clay of Choctaw County, Ala., and the Oligocene Byram 

formation of Mississippi.

Bulimina byrameusis Cushman and Todd 

Plate 4, figure 12

Bulimina byramensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 91, pi. 15, figs. 25, 26, 1946. 

Test small, initial end subacute, tapering from the greatest 

width near the apertural end, triangular in transverse section, 

the angles rounded, the sides flat or slightly concave; chambers 

distinct, not inflated, sutures distinct, not depressed; wall 

smooth, distinctly perforate; aperture elongate, narrow, extending from the base of the apertural face nearly to the apex 

of the test. Length 0.25-0.30 mm; breadth 0.15 mm.—Cushman 

and Todd.

A single specimen from sample 521-20, 21 is identical 

with this species, described from the Byram formation 

in Mississippi.

1 Examination of the figured specimens shows that the localities given 

for the two figures on plate 13 of Prof. Paper 181 should be changed 

so that fig. 15 is from the Cooper marl and fig. 16 from a well sample 

in Texas.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 27

Bulimina sp. 

Plate 4, figure 13

Eare specimens, found in three of the sections, seem 

to represent an undescribed species but are inadequate 

for description. They are small, with somewhat inflated chambers rather rapidly increasing in size.

Genus Entosolenia Ehrenberg, 1848

Entosolenia mississippiensis Todd, n. sp.

Plate 4, figure 14

Test oval, about one and one-third times as long as 

broad; periphery acute, with a single prominent flange, 

moderately inflated, becoming compressed at the apertural end; wall thin, with a narrow opaque band around 

the periphery, leaving the central area translucent, 

finely perforate, slightly roughened; aperture narrow, 

elongate, with an entosolenian tube, flaring at the inner 

end, extending back into the chamber, closer to one wall 

of the chamber than the other so that the tube is visible 

from only one side of the specimen, apertural end not 

protruding. Length 0.20 to 0.30 mm, breadth 0.15 to 

0.22 mm, thickness 0.10 to 0.13 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47670) from the middle Oligocene Glendon (?) limestone member of the 

Byram formation (sample 662-5), Kobinson Quarry 

near Brandon, sec. 19, T. 5 N., R. 4 E., Rankin County, 

Miss.

This species differs from E. orbignyana (Seguenza) 

in having a single peripheral flange and in its more 

smoothly curved, not truncate, apertural end.

This is the most abundant and widely occurring 

species of Entosolenia in these samples.

Entosolenia crumenata Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 15

Entosolenia crumenata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 31, pi. 4, fig. 9, 1935. 

Cushman and McGlamery, .U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

189-D, p. 109, pi. 26, fig. 11, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 

70, pi. 5, figs. 16-18,1942. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 20,

p. 43, pi. 7, fig. 12, 1944. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 563,

pi. 76, fig. 3,1945.

Test single chambered, longer than broad, compressed, 

periphery truncate, with a single, broad keel in the median 

line and lesser ones at the angles, these forming a broadly 

elliptical or oval area in side view in the middle of each face, 

the sides continuing into the very distinct, compressed, tubular 

neck; wall clear; aperture terminal, narrowly elliptical. Length 

0.40 mm; breadth 0.20 mm; thickness 0.12 mm.—Cushman.

Rare specimens were found in all the sections. The 

shape of the test seems to be highly varied, some specimens being nearly quadrangular.

The species was described from the lower Oligocene, 

3 feet above a limestone ledge at the bottom of the hill 

on the road ascending from Waltersville, Mississippi,

to National Cemetery, and has been recorded from the 

Oligocene from Choctaw Bluff and near Millry, Ala., 

the Oligocene subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor 

in Texas, and the Paleocene Coal Bluff marl member of 

the Naheola formation, from Wilcox County, Ala.

Entosolenia laevigata (Reuss) Cushman and McGlamery? 

Plate 4, figure 16

Entosolenia laevigata, (Reuss) Cushman and Todd, Cushman 

Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 15, p. 41, pi. 6, fig. 

17,1945.

Entosolenia cf. laevigata (Reuss) Cushman and Todd, idem, 

Contr., vol. 21, p. 95, pi. 15, fig. 28,1945.

A few distinctive specimens from scattered samples 

in* three of the sections are tentatively referred to this 

species. They are small, elongate, strongly compressed, 

with a distinct, narrow keel, the whole test tapering 

toward both ends but more sharply toward the narrow 

apertural neck; the wall of the main body of the test 

white and opaque, differing from the transparent keel.

These specimens are probably not identical with E. 

laevigata, described as "Fissurina laevigata" from the 

Miocene of Austria but do seem identical with two specimens from the Miocene of Buff Bay, Jamaica, and the 

upper Eocene Moodys Branch formation of Mississippi.

Entosolenia byramensis (Cushman) Todd 

Plate 4, figure 17

Lagena byramensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 5, p. 41, pi. 7, fig. 3,1929.

Test nearly circular in front view, surrounded by a thin, 

broad keel of nearly transparent material, the body of the test 

strongly convex and marked by a series of raised costae, the 

outer ones nearly concentric, the inner ones gradually approaching the direction of the longitudinal axis of the test; apertural 

end squarely truncate. Diameter 0.25 mm.—Cushman.

This species was described from the Byram formation 

at Byram, Miss., and has not been recorded elsewhere. 

It is common or abundant nearly throughout all the 

sections studied.

A species subsequently described as Entosolenia 

~byramensis (Cushman, 1935, p. 31, pi. 4, fig. 10) is 

entirely different and will require a new name. It 

somewhat resembles specimens referred to Lagena hexagona (Williamson) but differs in being bilaterally instead of radially symmetrical and in having a more 

prominent apertural neck. No specimens were found 

in the present material.

Entosolenia orbignyana (Seguenza) H. B. Brady var. flintii 

(Cushman) Howe

Plate 4, figures 18,19

Lagena orbignyana (Seguenza) H. B. Brady var. flintii Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 129, pi. 

29, fig. 11, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 26, 1923.

Entosolenia orbignyana (Seguenza) var. flintii Howe, Jour.

Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), pi. 1, fig. 8,1948.
28 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Test of medium size for the genus, of varied shape 

in side view, from pyriform to nearly circular with a 

projecting apertural end, distinctly inflated, less inflated 

aperturally; keels of various widths, one median keel 

with a secondary keel on either side; wall ornamented 

with rather large, evenly spaced pits appearing white 

against the translucent chamber wall; aperture at the 

end of a prominent neck, compressed. Length 0.30 to 

0.40 mm, breadth 0.22 to 0.30 mm, thickness 0.17 to 

0.20mm.

This very strikingly ornamented variety was described from the Mint Spring marl member of the 

Marianna limestone at Vicksburg, Miss., and has been 

recorded from the Byram formation and Ked Bluff clay 

;of Mississippi. It occurs commonly to abundantly 

nearly throughout all the sections studied.

Genus Virgulina D'Orbigny, 1826

Virgulina vicksburgensis Cushman

Plate 4, figures 20,21

Virgulina vicksburgensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Poram. Research Special Pub. 6, p. 48, pi. 7, fig. 6, 1936; Special 

Pub. 9, p. 12, pi. 2, figs. 7, 8,1937.

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

189-D, p. 107, pi. 25, flg. 9, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 

70, pi. 5, fig. 22,1942.

Ho we, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 22, p. 92, pi. 15, fig. 28, 1946; vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 

1948. 

Virgulina sp. Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-E,

p. 92, pi. 16, figs. 2, 3,1922.

Test elongate, distinctly compressed, gradually tapering from 

subacute initial end to greatest breadth formed by last two 

chambers, thence tapering to the rounded apertural end, periphery slightly lobulated, rounded; chambers distinct, numerous, increasing in relative length as added, slightly inflated; 

sutures distinct, depressed, strongly oblique in adult; wall 

smooth, finely perforate; aperture elongate, narrow, running 

from base of apertural face nearly to apex of chamber. Length 

1.25 mm; breadth 0.30 mm; thickness 0.15-0.18 mm.— 

Cushman.

This is one of the most abundant species in this series 

of samples, and occurs throughout all the sections. It is 

known from the lower and middle Oligocene of Mississippi and Alabama.

Two specimens are figured to show variation; the 

more slender form with straight sutures (figure 20) is 

much more common. v

Genus Bolivina D'Orbigny, 1839

Bolivina byramensis Cushman

Plate 4, figure 22

Bolivina oaelata Cushman var. byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 19, pi. 1, fig. 9, 1923. 

Bolivina byramensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Special Pub. 9, p. 69, pi. 8, figs. 18-20, 1937. 

Coryell and Rivero, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 14, p. 341, pi.

44, flg. 17, 1940.

Galloway and Heminway, New York Acad. ScL, Sci. Survey 

Porto Rico and Virgin Islands, vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 416, pi. 30, 

fig. 11, 1941. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 71, pi. 5, fig. 26, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special 

Pub. 15, p. 47, pi. 7, fig. 20, 1945; Contr., vol. 22, p. 92, 

pi. 15, fig. 29, 1946.

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 26, 1947. 

Bolivina oaelata Cushman (part), U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

133, p. 19 (not pi. 2, fig. 2), 1923.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5,

p. 93, pi. 13, fig. 28, 1929. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 39, pi. 9,

fig. 6, 1930.

Nuttall, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 6, p. 20, pi. 5, fig. 3,1932. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 3, fig. 6, 1933.

Test somewhat rhomboid in front view, about \% times as 

long as broad, strongly compressed, periphery subacute or even 

sometimes slightly keeled; chambers obscured by the ornamentation, broader than high, the last ones sometimes slightly inflated; sutures oblique, curved, the earlier ones obscured by 

the ornamentation of the surface; wall finely perforate, the 

early portion, or nearly the entire test, covered by a reticulate 

pattern of raised ridges, becoming somewhat independent of 

the sutures themselves; aperture narrow, elongate, with a somewhat rounded rim. Length 0.50 mm; breadth 0.35 mm; thickness 0.10 mm.—Cushman, 1937.

This distinctively ornamented species occurs abundantly throughout all the sections.

Bolivina mississippiensis Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 23

Bolivina mississippiensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 129-E, p. 92, pi. 15, fig. 5, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, 

p. 20, 1923.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9,

p. 69, pi. 8, flg. 16,1937. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 71, pi. 5, figs. 24, 25, 1942. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 22, p. 92, pi. 15, fig. 30, 1946. 

Test elongate, tapering throughout, about 2% times as long 

as broad, compressed, periphery subacute, greatest breadth 

toward the apertural end; chambers numerous, distinct, broader 

than high, somewhat overlapping, the base of the chamber in 

the adult with one or more distinct reentrants; sutures distinct, very strongly limbate, somewhat crenulate, decidedly 

curved, strongly oblique; wall smooth, finely perforate; aperture a narrow, oval opening, extending to the base of the inner 

margin of the last-formed chamber, with a slightly rounded 

border. Length 0.40 mm; breadth 0.17 mm; thickness 0.08 

mm.—Cushman, 1937.

This species was found in three of the sections. The 

irregular pattern of its sutures serves to distinguish it.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 29

Bolivina costifera Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 24

Bolivina mississippiensis Cushman var. costifera Cushman, 

Cushman Lab. Foram. Res. Special Pub. 6, p. 51, pi. 7, fig. 

15; Special Pub. 9, p. 69, pi. 8, fig. 17, 1937. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 93, pi. 15, fig. 31, 

1946; vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test very elongate, with parallel sides for most of 

its length, or very slightly broadening at apertural end, 

strongly compressed; periphery subacute, not indented; 

chambers numerous, distinct, about as high as broad, 

very rapidly increasing in height as added; sutures distinct, strongly limbate, especially toward their inner 

ends, evenly and strongly curved at their inner ends, 

becoming nearly parallel with the periphery at their 

outer ends, later sutures somewhat crenulate at their 

inner ends; wall thin, translucent, finely costate over 

the early chambers, smooth over the later chambers, 

distinctly perforate; aperture a narrow, oval opening, 

extending to the base of the inner margin of the lastformed chamber. Length 0.30 to 0.50 mm, breadth 0.12 

to 0.17 mm.

This species occurs abundantly throughout all the 

sections. It was described from the Byram formation 

and occurs also in the Eed Bluff clay of Mississippi. It 

is here raised to specific rank, as it seems distinct from 

B. mississippiensis Cushman in the following features 

in addition to the ornamentation: (1) narrower, less 

tapering form; (2) strongly curved and distinctly limbate sutures; and (3) thinner and more translucent 

wall. In many specimens the ornamentation is invisible 

except with cross-lighting and the most noticeable feature of this species is its distinct suture pattern.

Bolivina choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 4, figure 25

Bolivina choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery, in Cushman, 

Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9, p. 72, pi. 8,

fig. 24, 1937. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

189-D, p. 108, pi. 26, fig. 4,1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 71,

1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 93, pi. 15, fig. 32, 1946.

Test in the early half tapering, later half with the sides 

nearly parallel or even contracted, initial end pointed, apertural 

end obliquely truncate, periphery slightly truncate; chambers 

numerous, low and broad, of nearly uniform shape throughout, 

very gradually increasing in size as added, not inflated; sutures 

distinct, little if at all depressed, nearly at right angles to the 

long axis; wall ornamented with a few longitudinal costae, about 

four on a side, the outer pair parallel to the periphery, the 

inner pair nearly parallel to the long axis of the test; aperture 

narrow, elongate, in the median portion of the base of the 

apertural face. Length 0.30 mm; breadth 0.15 mm—Cushman 

and McGlamery.

This species occurs abundantly throughout all the 

sections. The three species, B. byramensis, B. costifera,

970988—52———3

and B. choctawensis, form the bulk of all the Bolivina 

specimens in these Vicksburg samples.

B. choctawensis was described from the Oligocene 

at Choctaw Bluff, Ala., and also occurs near Millry, 

Ala., and in the Byram formation at Byram, Miss. 

Examination of the type specimen shows it to have 

much less distinct sutures and costae than the type 

figure would indicate, and it is very coarsely perforate, 

giving it a rough-surfaced appearance.

Bolivina cookei Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 26

Bolivina cookei Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, 

p. 126, pi. 29, fig. 1, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 20, 1923; 

Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9, p. 68, pi. 8, 

fig. 15, 1937.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Test elongate, tapering, about 2 ]/& to 3 times as long as broad, 

much compressed, periphery subacute; chambers distinct, much 

broader than high, of nearly uniform shape throughout, slightly 

if at all inflated; sutures distinct, slightly limbate, strongly 

oblique, making an angle of nearly 45°, very slightly curved; 

wall ornamented by numerous longitudinal costae, particularly 

on the base, but extending upward to varying degrees in different specimens; aperture narrow, elongate. Length up to 0.45 

mm; breadth 0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman, 1937.

This species, known from the Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone of Mississippi and the 

Marianna limestone and Glendon limestone member 

of the Byram formation of Mississippi and Alabama, 

occurs rather rarely in these samples. It is somewhat 

like B. costifera in suture pattern, but is broader and 

more tapering.

Bolivina mexicana Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 27

Bolivina mexicana Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research 

Contr., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 81, pi. 12, fig. 2, 1926; Jour. Paleontology, vol. 1, p. 161, pi. 28, fig. 9, 1927; Cushman Lab. 

Foram. Research Special Pub. 9, p. 66, pi. 8, fig. 8, 1937. 

Palmer, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 14, p. 300, 1940. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 71, 1942. 

Bolivina cf. B. mexicana Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 108, pi. 26, fig. 5, 1938; Prof. 

Paper 197-B, p. 71, pi. 5, fig. 27,1942.

Test elongate, tapering, about 2% times as long as broad, 

greatest breadth toward the apertural end, much compressed, 

the early portion with a slight keel, much more developed in 

the later portion; chambers numerous, those of the early portion 

low and broad, gradually increasing in height, until in the adult, 

the height is only slightly less than the breadth, later chambers 

slightly inflated; sutures distinct, somewhat limbate, in the 

early portion strongly oblique, slightly curved, later more strongly curved and less oblique, somewhat obscured by a slight imbrication of the chambers; wall smooth, finely perforate; aperture elongate, in the median line, with a slight lip. Length up 

to 1.20 mm; breadth 0.20-0.25 mm.—Cushman, 1987.

This species was found rarely but in all the sections. 

Specimens have been compared with the type and seem 

identical. The species was described from Alazan clays
30 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

of Mexico, and has been recorded from the Oligocene 

Chickasawhay limestone of Alabama, the upper Oligocene Cojimar formation of Cuba, and the upper Eocene 

of Scott County, Miss.

Bolivina tortuosa H. B. Brady 

Plate 4, figure 35

Bolivina tortuosa H. B. Brady, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. 21,

p. 27,1881; Challenger Kept., Zoology, vol. 9, p. 420, pi. 52,

figs. 31-34, 1884. 

Cushman, Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 342, p. 18, pi. 5,

figs. 4, 5, 1924. 

Cushman and Parker, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 80, art.

3, p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 22, 1931. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub.

9, p. 133, pi. 17, figs. 11-19, 1937. 

. Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

189-D, p. 107, pi. 25, figs. 13, 21, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B,

p. 70, 1942. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 161, pt. 3, p. 20, pi. 7,

fig. 1, 1942. 

Cushman and McCulloch, Allan Hancock Pacific Exped., vol.

6, no. 4, p. 220, pi. 27, fig. 12, 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special

Pub. 15, p. 44, pi. 7, fig. 6,1945.

A very few scattered specimens have tests strongly 

twisted about 90° from one end to the other and are 

referred to this species, which was described from 

Becent Challenger material and has been recorded 

widely from Tertiary strata. They vary considerably 

in length and breadth of the test. Similar specimens 

have been recorded from the Chickasawhay limestone 

of Alabama. The above synonymy includes only a few 

of the references to this species.

Bolivina quadricosta Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 4, figures 28, 29

Volivina quadricosta Cushman and McGlamery, in Cushman,

Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9, p. 71,

pi. 8, fig. 23, 1937. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

189-D, p. 108, pi. 25, fig. 20, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p.

71,1942.

Test rapidly tapering from the subacute initial end to the 

greatest breadth formed by the last pair of chambers, somewhat roughly quadrate in end view, periphery of the early portion more strongly truncate, later more rounded; chambers 

distinct, somewhat inflated, especially the later ones, earlier 

ones broad and low, later ones rather rapidly increasing in 

height as added; sutures distinct, depressed, earlier ones 

slightly curved, later ones somewhat sinuate; wall coarsely 

perforate, the early portion ornamented with 4 oblique costae, 

2 at each side nearly parallel to the periphery; aperture high 

and narrow, at the base of the inner margin. Length 0.35 

millimeter, breadth 0.20 millimeter.—Cushman and McGlamery.

Rare specimens, probably belonging to this species, 

are smaller and do not show the inflation of the later 

chambers, but do have the costae paralleling the early 

periphery on both sides. The species has been known 

only from the Chickasawhay limestone of Alabama.

Bolivina mornhinvegi Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 30

Bolivina mornhinvegi Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 32, pi. 5, fig. 1,1935; Special Pub. 

9, p. 70, pi. 8, fig. 21, 1937.

Cushman and MdGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

189-D, p. 108, pi. 25, fig. 17,1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 71, 

1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 93, pi. 15, fig. 33, 1946.

Test 1% to 2 times as long as broad, moderately compressed, 

periphery subacute, early portion rapidly expanding in breadth, 

later portion with the sides nearly parallel or very gradually 

widening; chambers distinct, comparatively few, early ones 2 or 

3 times as broad as high, gradually increasing in height until in 

the adult the height and breadth are nearly equal, very slightly 

inflated in the adult; sutures very distinct, limbate, curved, 

forming an angle of 25°-35° with the horizontal, later ones very 

slightly depressed; wall very coarsely perforate, smooth; aperture narrow, elongate, with a thickened, rounded lip. Length 

0.30-0.40 mm ; breadth 0.15-0.20 mm; thickness 0.08 mm.—Cushman.

A few specimens are identical with the types of this 

species, described from the lower Oligocene, 24 ft. 

above limestone ledge, bottom of hill on road ascending from Waltersville, Miss., to National Cemetery, and 

recorded from the type Byram formation in Mississippi 

and the Chickasawhay limestone in Alabama.

Genus Loxostomum Ehrenberg, 1854

Loxostomum vicksburgense (Howe) Cushman

Plate 4, figure 31

Pleurostomella vicksburgensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4,

p. 331, pi. 27, fig. 5, 1930.

Loxostoma vicksburgense Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9, p. 179, pi. 21, fig. 5,1937. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

189-D, p. 108, pi. 26, figs. 6-8, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, 

p. 71, pi. 5, fig. 28, 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 93, pi. 15, fig. 34, 1946.

Test elongate, biserial, initial end acute, apertural end broadly 

rounded; chambers unornamented, distinct. Wall calcareous, 

smooth, coarsely perforate. Sutures depressed. Apertural face 

of the last formed chamber truncate, depressed; aperture elongate, narrow, terminal, with a lip-like thickening on the sides. 

Length 0.60 mm; width 0.20 mm.—Howe.

A single typical specimen was found in sample 

521-18,19.

Loxostomum hiwanneense Howe 

Plate 4, figure 32

Loxostoma hiwanneense Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p.

329, pi. 27, fig. 7, 1930. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, pi.

3, fig. 7,1933. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9,

p. 178, pi. 21, figs. 3, 4, 1937.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Bolivina amygdalaeformis Howe (not H. B. Brady), idem, vol. 

2, p. 174 (list), 1928.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 31

Test small, elongate, only slightly compressed, tending to 

become uniserial, sides nearly parallel, periphery rounded, 

chambers comparatively few. Sutures hidden by the surface 

ornamentation, consisting of numerous delicate irregularly anastomosing costae. Surface finely punctate. Aperture terminal 

or nearly so. Length 0.40 mm; breadth 0.33 mm.—Howe.

This species occurs rarely in three of the sections. 

In its ornamentation it suggests L. delicatum but it is 

much more slender, and approaches a cylindrical shape.

The species was described from the Red Bluff clay 

at Hiwannee, Miss., and recorded from the Glendon 

limestone member of the Byram formation of Alabama 

and lower Oligocene well samples of Texas.

Loxostomum delicatum Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 33

Loxostomum amyffd'alaeformis (H. B. Brady) var. delicata 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 

5, p. 44, pi. 8, fig. 2, 1929. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no.

11, pi. 3, fig. 8,1933. 

Loxostoma delicatum Cushman, Cushman Lab, Foram., JResearch Special Pub. 9, p. 175, pi. 20, fig. 29, 1937. 

Bolivina amygdalaeformis Cushman (not H. B. Brady), Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., vol. 10, p. 199, 1920; U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 91, pi. 15, fig. 3, 1922; Prof. 

Paper 133, p. 18, 1923.

Loxostomum, hi^vanneense Galloway and Heminway (not

Howe), New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey Porto Rico

and Virgin Is., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 420, pi. 31, fig. 3, 1941.

Test about twice as long as broad, fusiform in front view,

greatest breadth at or above the middle, slightly compressed,

periphery broadly rounded; chambers largely obscured by the

ornamentation of the surface except the last pair, which are

slightly inflated; sutures almost completely obscured by the

ornamentation, except in the later portion where they are very

slightly depressed, curved, somewhat oblique; wall ornamented

with numerous, fine, longitudinal costae, except the last two

chambers, which are coarsely perforate; aperture an elliptical

opening in the terminal face of the chamber. Length 0.60 mm;

breadth 0.30 mm; thickness 0.15 mm.—Cushman, 1937.

This species occurs abundantly in three samples of 

the Mint Spring Bayou section and rarely in the Burke 

Creek section. Superficially it resembles Bolivina 

~byramensis Cushman but differs in the ornamentation, 

that of L. delicatum, consisting of fine, anastomosing, 

roughly longitudinal lines, whereas that of B. byramensis is irregularly reticulate.

The records of this species include the Byram formation of Mississippi, Oligocene well samples from 

Texas, and the upper Oligocene Cibao formation of 

Porto Rico (recorded as "Z. hiwanneense"}.

Genus Bifarina Parker and Jones, 1872

Bifarina vicksburgensis (Cushman) Cushman

Plate 4, figure 34

Bolivina vicksburgensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 129-F, p. 126, pi. 29, fig. 2, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, 

p. 20,1923.

Bifarina vicksburgensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 45, pi. 8, figs. 3, 4, 1929. 

Nuttall, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 6, p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 5, 1932. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 3, fig. 9,1933. 

Palmer and Bermiidez, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 10,

p. 291,1936. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9,

p. 198, pi. 22, figs. 29-33,1937. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 94, pi. 16, fig. 1,

1946; vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test elongate, slender, five times as long as broad, somewhat 

compressed, particularly in the early portion, earliest portion 

biserial, in the adult with several distinctly uniserial chambers, 

periphery in the young serrate due to projections of the basal 

angle of each chamber, in the adult somewhat lobate; chambers 

distinct, those of the earliest portion somewhat broader than 

high, increasing gradually in height as added, in the adult with 

the height and breadth about equal, somewhat inflated, particularly in the later portion; sutures distinct, in early portion 

slightly depressed, in the adult strongly so, in earliest stages 

oblique, forming an angle of nearly 45° with the horizontal, 

gradually becoming less, in the adult horizontal; [wall with] 

the perforations often arranged in longitudinal lines, especially 

in the early portion; aperture in the adult becoming terminal, 

broadly elliptical, with a slightly raised lip. Length up to 0.70 

mm; breadth 0.12 mm.—Cushman, 1937.

This species occurs commonly throughout all five 

sections. It was described from the Mint Spring marl 

member of the Marianna limestone and has been recorded from the Glendon limestone member of the 

Byram formation and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi, 

Alazan clays of Mexico, Oligocene well samples from 

Texas, and Oligocene of Cuba.

Genus Bitubulogenerina Howe, 1934

Bitubulogenerina aperta (Cushman) Howe

Plate 4, figure 37

Tubulogenerina aperta Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 45, pi. 8, fig. 1,1929. 

Bitubulogenerina aperta Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 8, p. 418,

pi. 51, fig. 3,1934. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9,

p. 212, pi. 24, fig. 13,1937.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 94, pi. 16, fig. 2, 

1946.

Test narrow, 2% to 3 times as long as broad, early portion 

triserial, rapidly tapering, adult portion biserial, or tending to 

become uniserial, the sides nearly parallel, nearly circular in 

end view; chambers distinct, somewhat inflated, increasing 

gradually in size in the early stages, in the adult of rather 

uniform size tending to become somewhat higher in the later 

stages; sutures distinct, depressed, nearly horizontal; wall 

ornamented with spinose projections, in well-developed specimens elongate and apparently hollow, scattered over the entire 

surface of the test, especially well developed in the later chambers ; aperture large, circular, terminal, with a raised lip. 

Length 0.35-0.40 mm; breadth 0.12-0.15 mm; thickness 0.08-0.12 

mm.—Cushman, 1937.

Bare specimens were found in scattered samples. 

This very rough and irregular-appearing species was 

described from the Byram formation. No specimens
32 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMTNIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

in the present material showed the hollow spinose projections.

Bitubulogenerina howei Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 38

Bitubulogenerina howei Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 20, pi. 3, figs. 10-12,1935; Special 

Pub. 9, p. 211, pi. 24, figs. 4-6, 1937. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 72, pi. 7,

fig. 25, 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948. 

Oaudryina sp. Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 127, pi. 29, fig. 6,1922. 

Bitubulogenerina sp. Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol 8, pi. 51,

fig. 4, 1934.

Test elongate, early portion tapering, triserial, later adult 

portion biserial, with the sides nearly parallel, very slightly 

compressed, periphery rounded, lobulate; chambers distinct, 

somewhat inflated, the earlier triserial ones increasing gradually in size, later ones very slightly increasing as added; sutures 

distinct, strongly depressed; wall calcareous, finely perforate, 

exterior covered with numerous small, bluntly spinose projections ; aperture in the adult terminal, occupying a median position, large and rounded, with a distinct, raised lip. Length 

0.28-0.33 mm; breadth 0.12-0.15 mm; thickness 0.10-0.12 mm.— 

Cushman.

Only two specimens in the present series of samples 

apear to be identical with this species, described from 

the Red Bluff clay and recorded from the Mint Spring 

marl member of the Marianna limestone and the upper 

Eocene Yazoo clay of Scott County, Miss.

Bitubulogenerina hiwanneensis Howe 

Plate 4, figure 36

Bitubulogenerina, hiwanneensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 8,

p. 421, pi. 51, fig. 2, 1934. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9,

p. 211, pi. 24, figs. 7, 8, 1937. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 565,

pi. 76, fig. 12, 1945.

Test elongate, free; first few chambers triserial, quickly becoming biserial and angular, the angulation being at or just 

above the middle of the chambers; wall calcareous and finely 

spinose; aperture siphonate with a short neck, subcircular lip 

and slightly crescentic opening. Length, 0.27 mm; width, 

0.12 mm.—Howe.

A single specimen from sample 757-15 in the Burke 

Creek section seems identical with this species, described from the Red Bluff clay and recorded from the 

subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas.

Bitubulogenerina vioksburgensis Howe

Bitubulogenerina vidksburgensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology,

vol. 8, p. 420, pi. 51, fig. 7,1934.

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9, 

p. 212, pi. 24, figs. 9, 10, 1937; Foraminifera, 3d ed., Key, 

pi. 47, fig. 3, Cambridge, 1940.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 94, pi. 16, fig. 3, 1946; vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test free, elongate; early chambers rounded, nodose, triserial

in arrangement, quickly becoming biserial and angular, the

chambers of the medial portion of the test carry two rows of

tubular projections, later chambers carry only a fringe of 

nodose tubuli about the angular periphery; aperture terminal, 

siphonate, the lip being ovate in outline, but the apertural opening being subtriangular; aperture of preceding chamber usually 

visible as a distinct swelling, but filled with calcareous material 

Length, 0.28 mm; width, 0.15 mm.—Howe.

A single specimen is referred to this species, described from Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, Miss., 

and known from the Byram formation and Red Bluff 

clay in Mississippi.

Genus Tubulogenerina Cushman, 1927

Tubulogenerina vicksburgensis Howe

Plate 4, figure 39

Tubulogenerina vicksburgensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol.

4, p. 331, pi. 27, fig. 3, 1930; vol. 8, pi. 51, fig. 1, 1934. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 9,

p. 216, pi. 24, figs. 17,19, 20,1937.

Test elongate, small, first few chambers biserial, rapidly becoming uniserial, chambers round or nearly so in transverse 

section. Wall calcareous, with a single row of tubuli extending 

around the median part of each chamber. Aperture elongate, 

narrow, in the middle of a flattened terminal apertural face. 

Length 0.40 mm; width 0.18 mm.—Howe.

Two specimens of this distinctive species were found 

in sample 521-17. It has been known only from the 

Byram formation.

Genus Reussella Galloway, 1933 

Reussella byramensis Cushman and Todd

Plate 4, figure 40

Reussella byramensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. 

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 94, pi. 16, figs. 4, 5,

1946. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 27, pi. 6, fig. 13,

1947.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 9(list), 1948. 

Test slightly longer than broad, tapering to a point at the 

initial end which occasionally has a slight spine, triangular in 

transverse section, sides flat or slightly concave, angles acute; 

chambers not inflated, distinct; sutures distinct, of clear shell 

material, not depressed; wall smooth; aperture slightly elongate, 

at the base of the last-formed chamber. Length 0.30-0.35 mm; 

breadth 0.20-0.25 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

This species is very abundant in the Mint Spring 

Bayou section but rare in the sections in Rankin 

County. It is known from the Byram formation and 

Red Bluff clay of Mississippi and the upper Oligocene 

Ste. Croix formation of Trinidad.

Reussella oligocenica Cushman and Todd 

Plate 4, figure 41

Reussella oligocenica Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 94, pi. 16, figs. 6, 7, 1946. 

Test small, elongate, 2 to 3 times as long as wide, sides nearly 

parallel except near the base which is bluntly pointed, apertural 

end rounded, triangular in transverse section, sides flat, angles 

subacute; chambers distinct, not inflated; sutures distinct, not 

depressed; wall smooth; aperture a small, semicircular opening 

at the base of the last-formed chamber. Length 0.25-0.38 mm; 

breadth 0.12 mm.—Cushman and Todd.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 33

Specimens of this slender species of Reussella^ described from the Byram formation, are rare in the 

samples studied.

Genus TTvigerina D'Orbigny, 1826

TTvigerina vicksburgensis Cushman and Ellisor

Plate 4, figures 47, 48

Uvigerina vicksburgensis Cushman and Ellisor, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 7, p. 54, pi. 7, fig. 7, 1931. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 3, fig. 10,1933. 

Cushman and Edwards, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 14, p. 76, pi. 13, figs. 10,11,1938. 

Galloway and Heminway, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey 

Porto Rico and Virgin Is., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 432, pi. 33, fig. 12, 

1941.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Simonson, idem, vol. 18, p. 200, pi. 33, fig.

5,1944.

Applin and Jordan, idem, vol. 19, p. 130 (list), 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), pi. 1, fig. 9,1948.

Test elongate, 2 to 2% times as long as broad, nearly circular 

in end view; chambers numerous, fairly distinct, only slightly 

inflated; sutures fairly distinct, slightly depressed; wall ornamented by numerous, slightly raised, longitudinal costae, usually 

broken at the sutures, but a few of them extending across 

adjacent chambers; aperture with a very short neck. Length 

0.60-0.70 mm; diameter 0.30 mm.—Cushman and Ellisor.

Length of present specimens, up to 0.85 mm, diameter 

up to 0.38 mm.

This is an abundant and apparently a significant 

species in these samples—in three of the sections it is 

restricted to the upper part of the section. Specimens 

have been compared with the holotype, from a well 

sample of Vicksburg formation of Texas, and seem identical but generally better preserved and somewhat 

larger. The species has been recorded from many localities in the Oligocene of the Gulf Coastal Plain of the 

United States and Mexico, including the Glendon limestone member of the Byram formation of Alabama and 

the Red Bluff clay of Mississippi, and also from the Oligocene Tumey formation of Atwill in California, and 

the Ponce formation (upper Oligocene to lower Miocene) of Porto Rico.

TTvigerina sp.

Plate 4, figure 42

Rare specimens of a tiny Uvigerina or Angulogerina 

seem to be new but are too few to warrant description. 

They are slender, somewhat attenuated, tending to become triangular, with an acute initial end and distinct 

apertural neck, and have a very thin, spinose wall.

Genus Angulogerina Cushman, 1927

Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) Ellisor

Plate 4. figures 43-46

Uvigerina byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-E, p. 95, pi. 18, fig. 5, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 

133, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 34, pi. 4, figs. 10, 11, 

1923.

P. Applin, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 9, p. 25,

1925.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Cole. Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57a, p. 4 (list),

1929.

Cole and Gillespie, idem, no. 57b, p. 11, pi. 3, fig. 6, 1930. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 39, pi.

9, fig. 7,1930. 

Franklin, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 18, p. 314, pi. 46, fig.

16,1944.

Angulogerina, Ityramensis Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, pi. 3, fig. 16, 1933. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

189-D, p. 109, pi. 26, figs. 9,10,1938. 

Cushman and Edwards, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 14, p. 87, pi. 15, figs. 18, 19, 1938. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 24, no. 3,

pi. 1, fig. 6,1940. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 72, pi. 6, figs. 4-10,1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 28, no. 9,

pi. 7, fig. 6,1944. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 567, pi.

76, fig. 11, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 95, 1946. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 29, pi. 6, fig.

20, 1947.

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948. 

Test elongate, slender, somewhat fusiform, earlier portion 

rounded in section, adult portion becoming triangular; chambers distinct, earlier ones closely set, rounded, slightly inflated, 

later ones becoming somewhat loosely arranged and more definitely triangular; wall in the early portion finely but distinctly 

longitudinally costate, the later chambers often becoming almost 

entirely smooth; aperture with a short, cylindrical or compressed neck with a distinct, phialine lip. Length 0.25-0.40 

mm; diameter 0.12-0.18 mm.—Cushman and Edwards, 1938.

This is one of the most abundant species, and occurs 

in all but two of the samples studied. Its considerable 

variation in shape of test and degree of ornamentation 

are illustrated by the four specimens figured. The 

species seems to be distinct from A. ocalana Cushman, 

from the upper Eocene, to which it is closely related, 

in its stouter and more inflated test.

Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) Ellisor var. f era Todd, 

n. var.

Plate 4, figure 49

Variety differing from the typical form in having the 

surface covered with rather coarse spines in addition to 

the costae. Length 0.40 to 0.48 mm, diameter 0.15 mm.

Holotype of variety (Cushman Coll. no. 47609) from 

the middle Oligocene Mint Spring marl member of the 

Marianna limestone (sample 757-2a), section in Burke 

Creek, sec. 15, T. 4 N., R. 1 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This form, which occurs rather rarely in the present 

material, seems to be a distinct variety.
34 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) Ellisor var. anfracta 

Todd, n. var.

Plate 4, figure 50

Variety differing from the typical form in having 

the chambers strongly undercut and thus the periphery 

much indented, and in having less conspicuous costae. 

Length up to 0.50 mm, diameter 0.15 to 0.18 mm.

Holotype of variety (Cushman Coll. no. 47584) 

from the middle Oligocene marl facies of the 

Byram formation (sample 521-17), Gulf and Ship 

Island Railroad cut, 1.5 miles south of Plain, Rankin 

County, Miss.

This variety seems to be an end form of a gradational 

series from the typical form, as nearly all degrees of 

undercutting may be found. Nevertheless, the variety 

is erected for the strongly undercut forms. The variety 

may be of value as a marker as it occurs commonly or 

abundantly in the upper portions of all but one of the 

sections.

Angulogerina hispidula Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 4, figure 51

Angulogerina Jiispidula Cushman and McGlamery, Cushman 

Lab. Foram. Research Contr. vol. 15, p. 47, pi. 9, fig. 6, 

1939; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 72, pi. 6, 

fig. 12, 1942.

Test elongate, about twice as long as broad, tapering, greatest 

width formed by the last whorl, early portion triangular in section, angles in later portion broadly rounded ; chambers distinct, 

later ones strongly inflated, increasing rapidly in size as added; 

sutures distinct, later ones strongly depressed; wall finely 

hispid, especially in the earlier portion; aperture terminal, 

elongate, with a distinct, collar-like lip. Length 0.35 mm; 

diameter 0.20 mm.—Cushman and McGlamery.

This species, previously known only from the Chickasawhay limestone near Millry, Ala., is fairly common 

in scattered samples in the present sections.

Angulogerina rugoplicata Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 52

Anffulogerina rugoplicata, Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 33, pi. 5, fig. 5, 1935. 

Cushman and Edwards, idem, vol. 14, p. 88, pi. 15, fig. 20,

1938. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 81, pi. 8,

fig. 12, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 95, 1946.

Test about twice as long as broad, generally triangular in end 

view, the sides slightly concave, and the angles in the adult 

truncate, somewhat fusiform in side view, greatest diameter 

at about the middle; chambers distinct, strongly concave at the 

base, irregular, increasing in height toward the apertural end; 

sutures strongly depressed; wall distinctly perforate, with 

slight traces of longitudinal striae; aperture circular, terminal, 

with a very short, cylindrical neck and a very slight, rounded 

lip. Length 0.30 mm; diameter 0.15 mm.—Cushman.

This species occurs rarely in scattered samples in all 

the sections. It was described from the Oligocene, 41 ft. 

above limestone ledge, bottom of hill on road ascending 

from Waltersville, Miss., to National Cemetery, and 

has been recorded from the Byram formation at Byram, 

Miss., the Glendon limestone member of the Byram 

at Glendon, Ala., and the Eocene Yazoo clay of Scott 

County, Miss.

Angulogerina vicksburgensls Cushman 

Plate 4, figure 53

Angulogerina, mcksburgensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 33, pi. 5, figs. 3, 4, 1935. 

Palmer and Bermudez, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem, vol. 10

p. 293, 1936.

Bermudez, idem, vol. 11, p. 339, 1937. 

Cushman and Edwards, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 14, p. 88, pi. 15, figs. 21, 22, 1938. 

Cushman and McGlamery, TJ. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 72, pi. 6, fig. 11, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 67, pi. 10, fig. 27, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 95, 1946; vol. 24, p. 9

(list), 1948.

Test elongate, 2% to 3 times as long as broad, triangular in 

end view, sides somewhat convex, the angles rounded, early 

portion rapidly enlarging, adult portion with the sides nearly 

parallel; chambers numerous, distinct, generally triserial, 

slightly inflated, increasing in height in the adult; sutures distinct, slightly depressed; wall smooth, finely but distinctly 

perforate; aperture circular, terminal, with a distinct, cylindrical neck and prominent lip. Length 0.35-0.40 mm; diameter 

0.12-0.15 mm.—Cushman.

This distinctive species is fairly common and well 

distributed throughout all the sections. It was described from the Byram formation and recorded from 

the. Red Bluff clay of Mississippi, the Chickasawhay 

limestone and Glendon limestone member of the Byram 

formation of Alabama, the McBean formation of 

Georgia, and the Oligocene and Eocene of Cuba.

This species bears a strong resemblance to specimens 

of "Uvigerina canariensis, var. australis Heron-Alien 

and Earland" from the Miocene of "Filter Quarry," 

Batesf ord, Victoria, Australia, but no such attenuation 

of the later chambers as to result in a hole through 

the specimen, described by Heron-Alien, has been observed in these specimens.

Pamily ROTALIIDAE

Genus Spirillina Ehrenberg, 1843

Spirillina vicksburgensis Cushman

Plate 5, figure 1

Spirillina vicksburgensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 34, pi. 5, fig. 6, 1935. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 96, pi. 16, fig. 11, 1946;

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test planispiral, evolute, biconvex, periphery obliquely truncate, the dorsal side somewhat broader than the ventral; suture
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 35

distinct, slightly depressed in the ventral side; wall on the 

dorsal side with a single row of coarse pits, on the ventral side 

transversely and regularly plicate; aperture formed by the open 

end of the tubular chamber. Diameter 0.25 mm; thickness 0.07 

mm.—Cushman.

Three typical specimens were found in the Mint 

Spring Bayou section. This species is known from the 

Byram formation and Bed Bluff clay in Mississippi.

Spirillina subdecorata Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 2

Spirillina subdecorata Cushman, TJ. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-E, p. 95, pi. 19, figs. 4, 5, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 

37, 1923.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 22, p. 95, pi. 16, fig. 10, 1946; vol. 24 p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test'much compressed, thin, dorsal side^slightly convex, ventral side strongly concave in the middle, 

periphery subacute; whorls comparatively few, early 

whorls narrow, about last two whorls much broader; 

suture distinct, slightly depressed; wall perforate, unornamented, thin, translucent; aperture very narrow, 

elongate, formed by the open end of the tube. Diameter 0.35 mm, thickness 0.06 mm.

Three specimens of this species, also know from the 

Byram formation and Bed Bluff clay of Mississippi, 

were found in the Mint Spring Bayou and Burke Creek 

sections.

Genus Fatellina Williamson, 1858

Patellina advena Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 3

Patellina advena Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, 

p. 135, pi. 31, fig. 9, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 37, 1923; 

Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 342, p. 32, 1924. 

Cushman and Wickenden, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 75,

art. 9, p. 11, pi. 4, fig. 10, 1929. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 6,

p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 2; p. 17,1930. 

Cushman and Parker, U. S. Nat. Museum Proc., vol. 80,

art. 3, p. 18, pi. 4, fig. 3,1931. 

Cushman and Cahill, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 175-A,

p. 29, pi. 9, fig. 11, 1933. 

Cushman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 67, pi. 11, fig. 1,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948. 

Test plano-convex, early portion composed of chambers spirally arranged, later ones elongate and becoming nearly annular; 

chambers partly divided by numerous longitudinal internal 

septa, visible from the exterior, forming what seems to be a 

radiating pattern; ventral side with numerous radiating lines. 

Diameter 0.4 millimeter.—Cushman.

This species was described from the Mint Spring 

marl member of the Marianna limestone at Mint Spring 

Bayou and is recorded from the Eocene McBean formation of Georgia, the lower Oligocene Red Bluff clay of 

Mississippi, the Miocene Yorktown formation of North 

Carolina, and Recent material from many localities in 

the Pacific. Three specimens were found in the Mint 

Spring Bayou section.

Genus Discorbis Lamarck, 1804

Discorbis tentoria Todd, n. sp.

Plate 5, figure 4

Test concavo-convex, periphery subacute with a narrow, blunt keel, and slightly lobulated; chambers few, 

four in the last whorl, very rapidly increasing in size 

as added, not inflated; sutures distinct, slightly limbate 

and not depressed on the dorsal side, curved and distinctly depressed ventrally, strongly oblique and gently 

curved on the dorsal side; wall smooth, finely perforate; aperture a small, nearly circular, arched opening 

at the edge of the last-formed chamber on the ventral 

side, about half way betw.een the umbilicus and the 

periphery. Diameter 0.25 to 0.30 mm, thickness 0.10 

mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47596) from the middle 

Oligocene marl member of the Byram formation (sample 521-18, 19), Gulf and Ship Island Railroad cut, 

1.5 miles south of Plain, Rankin County, Miss.

This species differs from D. cdveata Cushman, from 

the Jackson Eocene of Mississippi, in the definitely concave ventral side and the lack of ornamentation.

This species occurs in all the sections but nowhere 

abundantly.

Discorbis arcuato-costata Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 6

Discorbis arcuato-costata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 38, pi. 5, fig. 9, 1935. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 96, pi. 16, fig. 15, 1946;

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test plano-convex, ventral side flattened, dorsal side slightly 

convex, periphery acute, slightly keeled; chambers distinct, on 

the dorsal side increasing gradually in size, shape rather uniform, on the ventral side in the adult with the later chambers 

having distinct lobes on the inner margin; sutures very distinct, 

limbate, strongly but evenly curved on the dorsal side, sigmoid 

on the ventral side; wall distinctly perforate, on the dorsal side 

with a raised protuberance on the inner end of the earlier 

chambers, elongating in the adult to form an arcuate, raised 

rib on the proximal portion of each chamber; aperture a low, 

elongate opening on the ventral side. Diameter 0.30-0.35 mm; 

thickness 0.08-0.10 mm.—Cushman.

Rare specimens were found in all the sections. The 

species was described from the Oligocene, 16 feet above 

limestone ledge, bottom of hill on road between Waltersville, Miss., and National Cemetery, and was recorded 

from the Byram formation and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi.

Discorbis subglobosa Cushman

Plate 5, figure 9

Discorbis subglo'bosa Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 11, p. 38, pi. 5, fig. 8,1935. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 22, p. 96, pi. 16, figs. 8a, b

(not 8c), 1946; vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test subglobose, dorsal side slightly flattened, ventrally convex but somewhat depressed or concave at the umbilicus,
36 VICKSBFRG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

periphery very broadly rounded; chambers strongly inflated, 4 or 

5 in the adult whorl, of rather uniform shape, increasing rather 

regularly in size as added; sutures distinct, depressed; wall 

coarsely and distinctly perforate, smooth; aperture semicircular, ventral, opening on the umbilicus, with a slight lip. 

Diameter 0.25 mm; thickness 0.15 mm.—Cushman.

This species seems to be a significant one in these 

samples, as it is fairly common in the lower portions 

of all the sections.

The species was described from the Byram formation 

and recorded from the lower Oligocene Red Bluff clay. 

It suggests a close relationship to the Jackson group 

species, D. hemisphaerica Cushman, but is only very 

slightly evolute on the ventral side.

Discorbis subaraucana Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 7

Discorbis subaraucana Cushman, Carnegie Inst. Washington

Pub. 311, p. 41, pi. 7, figs. 1, 2, 1922; Pub. 344, p. 78, 1926;

Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 4, p. 52, pi. 10, fig. 1, 1930. 

Cole, idem, Bull. 6, p. 47, pi. 6, figs. 11,12, 1931. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 104, pt. 8, p. 32, pi. 7,

fig. 2, 1931; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 43,

pi. 18, fig. 1, 1935. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 109,

pi. 26, fig. 13, 1938. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 24, no. 3,

pi. 1, fig. 8, 1940. 

Galloway and Heminway, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey

Porto Rico and Virgin Is., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 386, pi. 21, fig. 2,

1941. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 72, pi. 6, figs. 17, 18, 1942. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 28, no. 9,

pi. 7, fig. 8, 1944.

Discorbis cf. subaraucana Cushman, Cusliman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 16, p. 31, pi. 6, fig. 12, 1946. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 34, pi. 7, fig.

12, 1947.

Test planoconvex, ventral side with deep, open umbilicus, periphery rounded, slightly lobulated; chambers six or seven in the last-formed whorl, rapidly 

increasing in size as added, slightly inflated; sutures 

distinct, gently curved, early sutures slightly limbate, 

later ones not limbate but slightly depressed; wall thin, 

smooth, finely and distinctly perforate; aperture a very 

low, elongate opening under the edge of the last-formed 

chamber, opening into the umbilicus. Diameter 0.37 

mm, thickness 0.15 mm.

A few specimens in the present material seem to be 

very close to, if not identical with, the types of this 

species, from Recent material from the Dry Tortugas, 

off Florida. There are numerous records of this species 

from upper Eocene to Recent, but probably not all are 

the same.

Discorbis farishi Cushman and Ellisor 

Plate 5, figure 8

Discor'bis farishi Cushman and Ellisor, Cushman Lab. Foram. 

Research Contr., vol. 8, p. 43, pi. 6, fig. 6, 1932.

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Gelogists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 7, fig. 6, 1933.

Test plano-convex, the dorsal side slightly convex, ventral 

side nearly fiat, periphery with a slight keel especially marked 

on the dorsal side, bluntly rounded, dorsal side with the chambers all visible, those on the ventral side continuing in to the 

umbilical area; chambers distinct, 7 or 8 in the last-formed 

whorl, increasing rather evenly in size as added, the last-formed 

ones increasing slightly more rapidly in the adult; sutures distinct, slightly limbate, those of the dorsal side strongly curved, 

not depressed, ventrally slightly depressed, strongly curved, 

opening into the umbilical region to form a stellate pattern; 

wall on the dorsal side very smooth, finely perforate, on the 

ventral side with numerous, elongate, raised areas on each 

chamber, in general radiate; aperture an elongate, narrow slit 

on the ventral side of the last-formed chamber extending from 

the umbilicus toward the periphery, and often with a slight 

lip. Diameter 0.35 mm; thickness 0.08 mm.—Cushman and 

Ellisor.

Rare specimens seem to belong to this species, previously known only from the upper Eocene of Louisiana and Texas. They differ from D. assvlata Cushman, 

from the Ocala limestone of Georgia, in having a radial 

ornamentation on the ventral side. They also resemble 

D. arcuato-costata Cushman but differ in lacking the 

ornamentation on the dorsal side.

Discorbis alabamensis Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 5

Discorbis alabamensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 9, p. 16, pi. 2, fig. 3, 1933; U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 44, pi. 17, fig. 3,1935. 

Test small, unequally biconvex, ventral side slightly convex, 

dorsal side more strongly so>, periphery rounded; chambers 

distinct, usually about six in the final whorl, slightly inflated, 

of uniform shape, increasing very slightly in size as added, on 

the ventral side with the inner end of the chambers lobed; 

sutures distinct, slightly depressed, gently curved; wall smooth; 

aperture near the umbilicus, with a slight overhanging lip. 

Diameter 0.25 mm; height 0.06 mm.—Cushman.

A very few specimens from two of the sections seem 

to be close to this species, previously known only from 

the Ocala limestone at Beck, Ala. They do not, however, show the conspicuous lobed edges of the chambers 

on the ventral side.

Discorbis byramensis Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 10

Discorbis byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 96, pi. 19, figs. 6-8, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 37,

1923. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 72,

pi. 6, fig. 15,1942. 

Discorbis sp. Cushman, Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., vol. 10,

p. 200, 1920.

Test pyramidal, low, octagonal, ventral side slightly concave, 

peripheral margin subacute; eight chambers in each of the four 

or more coils, their margins uniting to form a series of eight 

ribs extending radially from the apex of the test to the periphery, 

the lateral sutures much less distinct, surface between the ridges 

concave but smooth; ventral surface composed of numerous 

radiating rounded costae broken up transversely to form a 

beaded surface; umbilical area hollow; aperture at the base
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 37

of the last-formed chamber. Diameter 0.35 to 0.40 mm, height 

0.10 mm.—Cushman.

Rare specimens of this very striking species were 

found in the Mint Spring Bayou and Burke Creek sections. It has been known from the Byram formation of 

Mississippi and the Chickasawhay limestone at Millry, 

Ala.

Genus Lamarckina Berthelin, 1881

Lamarckina glabrata (Cushman) Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 19

Pulvinulina glabrata Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 99, pi. 22, figs. 6, 7, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F,

p.138,1922. 

Lamarckina glabrata Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof.

Paper 189-D, p. 109, pi. 26, fig. 17, 1938; Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 73,1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 97,1946; vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948.

Test iy2 to 1% times as long as broad, dorsal surface 

flat or slightly concave in the early part, dorsal surface 

of last one or two chambers bent over toward the ventral side but not inflated, ventral surface inflated, with 

a large open umbilicus, periphery slightly lobulated, 

bordered with a heavy, blunt keel, somewhat raised 

above the dorsal surface; chambers 6 or 7 in the adult 

whorl, inflated ventrally, rapidly increasing in size as 

added; sutures limbate, raised, and curved on the dorsal 

side, indistinct on the ventral side; wall smooth and 

polished on the ventral side, roughened with small 

spines on the dorsal side; aperture a large opening into 

the umbilicus under the inner edge of the last-formed 

chamber. Length up to 0.40 mm, breadth up to 0.28 mm, 

thickness about 0.18 mm.

This is a fairly common species and was found in all 

the sections. It was described from the Byram formation and recorded from the Mint Spring marl member 

of the Marianna limestone and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi and the Chickasawhay limestone of Alabama.

Lamarckina byramensis Cushman and Todd 

Plate 5, figure 20

Lamarckina byramensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 98, pi. 16, figs. 12, 13,

1946; vol. 24, p. 9(list), 1948. 

Pulvinulina glabrata Cushman (not Cushman, 1922), U. S.

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, p. 45, pi. 6, figs. 11,12,1923. 

Lamarckina glabrata Cushman (not Cushman, 1922), Cushman

Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 11, pi. 1,

fig. 6, 1926; Special Pub. 4, pi. 24, fig. 6, 1933. 

Israelsky, Sixth Pacific Sci. Congress Proc., p. 588, pi. 4,

fig. 1,1939.

Test very slightly longer than broad, ventral surface 

nearly flat, with a large open umbilicus, dorsal surface 

strongly inflated, both as a whole and as individual 

chambers; periphery slightly lobulated, bordered by a 

sharp keel which projects outward as a part of the ventral surface, suggesting the appearance of callus in 

gastropoda; chambers distinct and inflated on the dorsal side, almost indistinguishable on the ventral side, 

rapidly increasing in size in the early stages, last two 

or three chambers of approximately the same size; 

sutures distinct, depressed, curved on the dorsal side, 

sometimes with the ventral "callus" protruding as a 

raised ridge along the depressed suture lines, invisible 

on the ventral side unless the shell is moistened; wall 

smooth and polished on the ventral side, covered thickly 

with coarse spines on the dorsal side; aperture under the 

inner edge of the last-formed chamber, opening into 

the umbilicus. Length up to 0.50 mm, breadth up to 

0.42 mm, thickness up to 0.35 mm.

In these samples this species is more abundant than 

L. glabrata. It also occurs in all five sections. It was 

described from the Byram formation and recorded from 

the Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone and Eed Bluff clay.

Published figures indicate that there has been some 

confusion of the two species, glabrata and byramensis. 

Re-examination of the types of both shows clearly that 

they are distinct in the following features: (1) the 

ventral side is the more convex in L. glabrata, whereas 

the dorsal side is the more convex in L. byramensis; 

(2) L. glabrata is smaller and more elongate than L. 

byramensis, which is nearly as broad as long and proportionately thicker; and (3) the ornamentation of the 

dorsal side is different; that in L. glabrata is more delicate and includes raised ridges along the sutures, 

whereas that of L. byramensis is more coarsely spinose 

and the sutures are depressed.

Genus Heronallenia Chapman and Parr, 1931

Heronallenia vicksburgensis Cushman

^ 

Plate 5, figure 11

Heronallenia vicksburgensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 38, pi. 5, fig. 11, 1935, 

Cushman and Todd, idem, vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948. 

Test plano-convex, dorsal side greatly convex, ventral side 

flattened, slightly umbilicate, periphery with a rounded border; 

chambers distinct, five in the adult whorl, increasing rather 

rapidly in breadth as added, height increasing only slightly; 

sutures distinct, limbate and raised on the dorsal side, gently 

curved, ventrally nearly radial, very slightly depressed, slightly 

sigmoid; wall smooth except for the carina and raised sutures 

on the dorsal side; aperture elongate, radial, opening at the 

umbilicus. Length 0.25 mm; breadth 0.20 mm; thickness 0.10 

mm.—Cushman.

This species was described from the lower Oligocene, 

from firm sandy clay bed between sandy lime ledges 35 

feet above water level, 30 feet north of base of power 

tower, east bank of Mississippi River, south of Vicksburg, Miss., and has been recorded from the Red Bluff 

clay at Hiwannee, Miss. A few specimens were found 

in the four sections in Rankin County.
38 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Genus Valvulineria Cushman, 1926

Valvulineria sculpturata Cushman

Plate 5, figure 13

Valvulineria sculpturata Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 11, p. 37, pi. 5, fig. 10, 1935. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 73, pi. 6, fig. 21, 1942.

Test trochoid, somewhat longer than broad, dorsally flattened 

or somewhat concave, ventrally convex except slightly depressed 

in the umbilical region, periphery lobulate, rounded in edge 

view; chambers distinct in the adult whorl, 4 or 5 in number, 

increasing somewhat in length as added, on the ventral side 

strongly convex, on the dorsal side with the outer half convex, 

the inner half strongly excavated; sutures distinct, depressed, 

strongly curved dorsally, less so ventrally; wall very coarsely 

perforate; aperture on the ventral side, nearly umbilical, with 

a rather thick, projecting lip above the aperture itself. Length 

0.30 mm; breadth 0.20 mm; thickness 0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman.

A single typical specimen was found in sample 662- 

13. It was described from the lower Oligocene, 36 feet 

above limestone ledge, bottom of hill on road between 

Waltersville, Miss, and National Cemetery, and was 

recorded in the Chickasawhay limestone near Millry, 

Ala.

Genus Gyroidina D'Orbigny, 1826

Gyroidina vicksburgensis (Cushman) Howe 

Plate 5, figure 17

Rotalia vifJcsburgensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-F, p. 139, pi. 35, figs. 3, 4, 1922; Prof. Paper 133,

p. 46, 1923. 

P. Applin, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 9, p. 25,

1925. 

Gyroidina vicTcsburgensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p.

175 (list), 1928.

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 41, 1930. 

Bllisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 4, fig. 2, 1933.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 10 (list), pi. 1, fig. 10,1948.

Test of medium size for the genus, dorsal side flat or 

with the earliest whorl depressed, ventral side convex 

with umbilicus open and depressed, periphery broadly 

rounded and slightly lobulated in the later part; chambers 7 or 8 in the last whorl, early ones indistinct, later 

ones slightly inflated ventrally, sutures distinct, slightly 

limbate, last one or two slightly depressed, oblique and 

curved on the dorsal side, radial on the ventral side; 

wall smooth, polished, very finely perforate; aperture on the ventral side under the edge of the lastformed chamber. Length' 0.45 to 0.55 mm, breadth 

0.35 to 0.50 mm, thickness 0.25 to 0.35 mm.

This species seems to be a significant form in these 

samples, as it occurs abundantly and is limited to the 

lower portions of all the sections.

It was described from the Mint Spring marl member 

of the Marianna limestone and has been recorded from 

the Eed Bluff clay, Glendon limestone member of the

Byram formation, and Marianna limestone and subsurface Vicksburg formation in Texas.

Gyroidina byramensis Cushman and Todd

Plate 5, figure 18

Gi/roidina byramensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 98, pi. 16, figs. 19-21, 1946;

vol. 24, p. 9 (list), 1948. 

Gyroidina sp. Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 197-B, p. 73, pi. 6, fig. 20, 1942.

Test small, composed of 2 to 2% whorls, dorsal side 

flat, ventral side strongly convex, periphery broadly 

rounded; chambers about 6 in the last-formed whorl, 

not inflated, gradually increasing in size but more 

rapidly in thickness as added; sutures distinct, not limbate, radial or slightly curved at their outer ends, spiral 

suture slightly depressed; wall thin, translucent, 

polished, very finely perforate; aperture ventral, a low 

slit under the edge of the last-formed chamber. Length 

0.20 to 0.30 mm, breadth 0.20 to 0.25 mm, thickness 0.15 

to 0.18mm.

This species, known from the Byram formation and 

Red Bluff clay of Mississippi and the Chickasawhay 

limestone of Alabama, occurs throughout the four sections in Rankin County but is limited to the upper part 

of the Mint Spring Bayou section. There, in sample 

7, it apparently replaces G. vicksbwgcrisis, which is not 

found above the zone from which sample 6 was obtained.

The two species are easily distinguished by the following features: (1) G. vic'ks'burgensis is larger and 

thicker-walled; (2) G. vicksbwgensis averages one 

more chamber per whorl, even in young specimens; (3) 

the chambers of Or. vicksburgensis are slightly inflated 

and thus the periphery slightly lobulated; and (4) the 

dorsal sutures are oblique and slightly curved in 6r. 

vicksbwgensis, but nearly radial in G. byramensis.

Gyroidina, byramensis is very close to G. dmwillensis 

Howe and Wallace, from the upper Eocene of Louisiana, but is slightly larger and the dorsal side is distinctly convex.

Genus Eponides Montfort, 1808

Eponides byramensis (Cushman) Howe

Plate 5, figure 16

Pulvinulina byramensis Oushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 99, pi. 22, figs. 4, 5, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 138, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 44, 1923. 

Eponides byramensis Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174

(list), 1928. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 41, pi. 8,

figs. 5, 6, 1930. 

Hedberg, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 11, p. 679, pi. 92, fig. 2,

1937.

Howe, idem, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 73, pi. 6, fig. 22, 1942. 

Applin and Jordan, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 130 (list),

1945.
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 39

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

Tol. 22, p. 99, pi. 16, figs. 17, 18,1946. 

Cushman and Renz, idem, Special Pub. 22, p. 36, 1947.

Test of medium size for the genus, about equally biconvex, periphery bluntly angled but not keeled, evolute on the dorsal side but earlier whorls and chambers 

indistinct, ventral side involute, with a small, open 

umbilicus; chambers indistinct, 7 or 8 in the last-formed 

whorl; sutures nearly radial but slightly curved at their 

outer ends on the ventral side, straight and tangential 

to the spiral suture on the dorsal side; wall smooth, 

finely perforate; aperture an elongate slit under the 

edge of the last-formed chamber on the ventral side, 

extending from the umbilicus about halfway out to the 

periphery, with an overhanging lip. Diameter 0.50 

to 0.60 mm, thickness 0.35 to 0.40 mm.

This species, described from the Byram formation 

and widely recorded in the Oligocene, is common to 

abundant throughout this material.

Eponides alabamensis Cushman and McGlamery 

Plate 5, figure 15

Eponides alabamensis Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 110, pi. 27, fig. 2, 1938;

Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 74, pi. 7, fig. 1,1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 99, pi. 16, fig. 22,1946.

Test unequally biconvex, ventral side strongly convex, dorsal 

side slightly raised, periphery acute, slightly keeled; chambers 

distinct, slightly if at all inflated on the dorsal side, ventrally 

strongly so, 6 in the adult whorl, of uniform shape, very gradually increasing in size as added; sutures distinct, on the dorsal 

side limbate, strongly oblique, ventrally gently curved; wall 

on the dorsal side smooth and polished, on the ventral side 

finely papillate with occasional costae across the sutures; aperture a low, elongate opening on the ventral side at the margin 

of the last-formed chamber. Diameter 0.35-0.40 mm, thickness 

0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman and McGlamery.

Very few specimens of this small species were found. 

It was described from the Chickasawhay limestone at 

Choctaw Bluff, Ala., and also was recorded near Millry, 

Ala., and from the Byram formation at Byram, Miss.

Eponides vicksburgensis Cushman and Ellisor 

Plate 5, figure 14

Eponides vicksburgensis Cushman and Ellisor, Cushman Lab. 

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 7, p. 56, pi. 7, fig. 8,1931.

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, 

pi. 3, fig. 20, 1933.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Test small, strongly biconvex, ventral side somewhat more 

convex than the dorsal, periphery acute with a distinct keel 

in the early portion; chambers distinct, not inflated, of uniform 

shape, increasing only slightly in size as added, about seven 

usually making up the last-formed whorl in the adult; sutures 

distinct, slightly limbate, not depressed, strongly oblique on 

the dorsal side, slightly curved on the ventral; wall finely perforate, smooth except on the ventral side which has numerous 

small papillae, especially on the inner end of the chambers; 

aperture a short, curved opening on the ventral side at the 

base of the chamber, midway between the umbilicus and the

periphery. Diameter 0.30 mm; height 0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman 

and Ellisor.

A single specimen from sample 521-20,21 seems identical with the type of this species, from subsurface 

Vicksburg formation in Texas.

Genus Rotalia Lamarck, 1804

Rotalia byramensis Cushman

Plate 5, figures 21, 22

Rotalia byramensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 99, pi. 23, fig. 1,1922; Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 138,

1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 46, 1923. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 189-D, p. 110,

pi. 27, fig. 3, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 74, 1942. 

Applin and Applin, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol.

28, no. 12, pi. 1, fig. 1, 1944. 

Applin and Jordan, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 129 (list),

p. 142, 1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research. Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 100, pi. 16, fig. 23, 1946.

Test planoconvex, periphery subacute, serrate owing 

to both the shape of the chambers and the long, slender 

spines extending radially outward, one to a chamber, 

not present on all chambers, umbilicus with a small 

plug; chambers distinct, 7 to9 in the last-formed whorl, 

not inflated, later chambers crudely diamond-shaped, 

with the outer point of the diamond, from which the 

spine protrudes, coming midway between the bounding 

suture lines; sutures on the ventral side distinct, 

straight, radial and deeply incised, joining to form an 

incised ring around the umbilical plug, on the dorsal 

side curved, slightly oblique and slightly depressed; 

wall thick, finely perforate, ornamented by irregular 

masses of shell material, and short, discontinuous costae 

transverse to the sutures on the outer portions of the 

chambers on the ventral side; aperture a low, elongate 

opening under the edge of the ventral face of the lastformed chamber. Diameter, exclusive of spines, up 

to 0.60 mm, thickness up to 0.25 mm.

Specimens, all much smaller than the types, are very 

rare in this material, and were found only in samples 

2, 521-18, 19, 521-20, 21, and 662-13.

Rotalia incisura Todd, n. sp. 

Plate 5, figure 25

Rotalia dentata Cushman (not Parker and Jones), U. S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 100, pi. 23, fig. 2,1922; Prof. 

Paper 133, p. 46, 1923.

Test of medium size for the genus, dorsal side nearly 

flat, ventral side convex, umbilicus depressed, with umbilical plug of clear shell material; periphery subacute, 

bluntly keeled, slightly serrate owing to the short projecting spines at the forward angles of the chambers, 

spines not always present; chambers distinct, 6 or 7 in 

the last-formed whorl, not inflated; sutures distinct, 

deeply incised and radial but slightly curved at their 

outer ends on the ventral side, curved and strongly
40 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMESTIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

limbate but not raised on the dorsal side; wall thin, 

smooth, distinctly punctate; aperture a small, nearly 

circular opening under the edge of the last-formed 

chamber on the ventral side, nearer the periphery than 

the umbilicus. Diameter, exclusive of spines, up to 0.70 

mm, thickness up to 0.20 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47558) from the middle 

Oligocene marl member of the Byram formation 

(sample 20), Mint Spring Bayou, south of National 

Military Cemetery, Vicksburg, Miss.

This species differs from R. byramensis Cushman in 

the shorter spines, which originate from the sutural 

angle rather than the central part of the chamber, and 

project tangentially forward rather than radially, and 

in the lesser protrusion of the chambers, such that except for the spines the periphery would be only very 

slightly lobulated. This species also differs in its 

strongly limbate dorsal sutures and the presence of a 

blunt keel on the periphery, and in its lack of surface 

ornamentation. It is entirely different from the Recent 

species, R. dentata Parker and Jones, which has many 

more chambers and whorls. The records of R. dentata 

quoted above are from the Byram formation of Mississippi.

This new species was found only in the Burke Creek 

and Mint Spring Bayou sections, where it seems to be 

limited to the upper parts of the sections.

Rotalia parva Cushman 

Plate 5, figure 26

Rotalia dentata Parker and Jones var. parva Cushman, TJ. S. 

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, p. 139, pi. 35, figs. 1, 2, 

1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 47,1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 4, fig. 3, 1933.

Rotalia parva Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 100, pi. 16, figs. 24, 25, 1946.

Test compressed, periphery broadly rounded and lobulate, umbilicus depressed, with a low plug; chambers 

globular, inflated, 5 or 6 in the last-formed whorl; 

sutures distinct, depressed, radial on the ventral side, 

slightly curved on the dorsal side; wall thin, rather 

coarsely perforate, ornamented with short, slender 

spines projecting radially in the plane of coiling from 

the center of each chamber; aperture a rather large 

arched opening under the ventral edge of the lastformed chamber. Diameter, exclusive of spines, 0.28 

to 0.32 mm, thickness 0.15 mm.

This species, known from the Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone and Byram formation 

and Red Bluff clay of Mississippi and subsurface Vicksburg formation of Texas, occurs fairly commonly in the 

Mint Spring Bayou section and less abundantly in two 

of the other sections.

Genus Epistomiua Terquem, 1883 

Epistomina ,sp.

A single specimen from sample 3 may be referred to 

this genus, but it does not seem to be identifiable with 

any known species. It has seven chambers in the last 

whorl, a sharp keel on the periphery, and a very slightly 

convex dorsal side.

Genus Mississippina Howe, 1930

Mississippina monsouri Howe

Plate 6, figure 6

Mississippina monsouri Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 4, p. 330,

pi. 27, fig. 4, 1930. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5,

pi. 31, fig. 1,1933. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 100, pi. 16, fig.

26, 1946.

Test in early stages trochoid, later becoming almost planispiral, convex on the dorsal side, somewhat umbilicate on the 

ventral side, all whorls visible on the dorsal side and most of 

the preceding whorls visible on the ventral side; distinctly 

umbilicate. Sutures depressed on both dorsal and ventral sides; 

periphery rounded. Apertures of two sorts, one kind at the base 

of the last formed chamber at the periphery, the other kind 

being supplementary apertures elongated in the axis of coiling 

on both the dorsal and ventral sides of the periphery of each 

chamber. Diameter 0.50 mm.—Howe.

A few specimens, all very much smaller than but apparently identical with the types, were found in three 

of the sections. This species has been recorded only 

from the Byram formation of Mississippi.

Genus Siphonina Reuss, 1850

Siphonina advena Cushman

Plate 5, figure 23

Siphonina advena, Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

129-E, p. 98, pi. 21, figs. 1, 2, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F,

p. 137, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 42, 1923; U. S. Nat.

Museum Proc., vol. 72, art. 20, p. 7, pi. 1, fig. 7,1927. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 175 (list), 1928. 

Cole, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57a, p. 4 (list),

1929.

Cole and Gillespie, idem, no. 57b, p. 12, pi. 4, figs. 5, 6, 1930. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 43, pi. 11,

figs. 7, 8,1930. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 3, fig. 22, 1933. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 74, pi. 7, figs. 2, 3,1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 100, 1946; vol. 24, p. 10 (list), 1948.

Test compressed, ventral side convex, dorsal side only 

slightly raised; periphery acute, with a narrow, sharp, 

slightly serrate keel; chambers distinct, not inflated, 

&1/2 to 5 chambers in the last whorl, very slightly increasing in size as added; sutures distinct, radial but 

slightly curved on the ventral side, tangential, curved, 

limbate, and slightly depressed on the dorsal side; wall 

smooth, polished, with rather coarse perforations;
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 41

aperture with an elongate and very slightly protruding 

neck, surrounded by a distinct, phialine lip. Diameter 

0.42 to 0.50 mm., thickness 0.20 mm.

This is one of the most abundant species in this material, occurring throughout all the sections.

Genus Siphoninella Cushman, 1927

Siphoninella byramensis Cushmau

Plate 5, figure 24

Siphoninella byramensis Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 46, pi. S, fig. 5, 1929. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 268 (list), 1942. 

Test small, trochoid, nearly equally biconvex, last-formed one 

or two chambers tending to uncoil, periphery slightly keeled; 

chambers distinct, five or six in the last-formed coil, the last 

one or two slightly inflated as uncoiling takes place; sutures 

strongly oblique on the dorsal side, slightly curved on the ventral 

side, slightly limbate, not depressed except on the ventral 

side between the last-formed chambers; wall smooth on the 

dorsal side except along the keel which is slightly beaded, ventral side with the basal angle of the last-formed chambers distinctly beaded, otherwise nearly smooth; aperture in the early 

portion as in Siphonina, in the later uncoiled chambers, the 

aperture away from the edge of coiling, subterminal, elliptical 

with a distinct lip. Diameter 0.25 mm; thickness 0.10 mm.— 

Cushman.

The present specimens are identical with types, with 

which they have been compared. The test seems to be 

somewhat more convex on the ventral than on the dorsal 

side, and the rather prominent beading along the suture 

lines on the ventral side also adds to the appearance of 

planoconvexity.

Re-examination of the type of "Pulvinulina advena" 

(not Siphonina advena) Cushman (U. S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 99, pi. 22, fig. 8, 1922) from the 

Byram marl indicates that it is probably a young specimen of Siphoninella byramensis.

The only other occurrences of this species seem to 

be in the Byram formation of Mississippi and the Glendon limestone member of the Byram formation of Alabama. It occurs rarely in the four sections in Rankin 

County.

Genus Caucris Montfort, 1808

Cancris vicksburgensis Todd, u. sp.

Plate 6, figure 1

Pulvinulina sagra Cushman (not D'Orbigny), U. S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 133, p. 45, pi. 6, figs. 9, 10, 1923.

Test compressed, about equally biconvex, umbilicus 

depressed; periphery acute, keeled, very slightly indented at the sutures; chambers very rapidly increasing 

in size, 5 in the last-formed whorl, very slightly inflated 

ventrally; sutures distinct, narrow, flush on the dorsal 

side, slightly incised on the ventral side, gently curved; 

wall smooth, finely perforate; aperture a low opening 

under the umbilical end of the chamber on the ventral 

side. Length 0.50 to 0.62 mm, breadth 0.38 to 0.48 mm, 

thickness 0.16 to 0.20 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47579) from the middle 

Oligocene Glendon limestone member of the Byram 

formation (sample 521-8), Gulf and Ship Island Railroad cut, 1.5 miles south of Plain, Eankin County, Miss.

This species differs from C. pauciloculatus Cushman 

and McGlamery, from the Chickasawhay limestone of 

Alabama, in its flatter, more elongate test and in having 

more chambers and a more regular periphery. It somewhat resembles C. cocoaensis Cushman from the upper 

Eocene Cocoa sand member of the Yazoo clay in Alabama, but has fewer chambers, a keeled periphery, and 

is flatter and not inflated. It is flatter and more elongate than C. cubensis Cushman and Bermudez.

In the present material, C. vicksburgensis occurs 

rather commonly in all the sections. The record of 

"P. sagra D'Orbigny," quoted above, is from the Glendon limestone member of the Byram formation* at 

Vicksburg, Miss.

Genus Baggina Cushman, 1926

Baggina xenoula Hadley

Plate 5, figure 12

Baggina xenoula Hadley, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 22, no.

74, p. 6, pi. 1, fig. 5, 1935.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 20, p. 99, pi. 15, figs. 9, 10, 1944. 

Valvulineria paucilocula Cushman, idem, vol. 11, p. 37, pi. 5,

fig. 7,1935.

Galloway and Heminway, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey Porto Rico and Virgin Is., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 371, pi. 16,

fig. 4, 1941. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 73, pi. 6, fig. 19, 1942. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 568, pi.

77, figs. 4, 5,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 98, pi. 16, fig. 16,1946. 

Baggina thalmanni? Cushman and McGlamery (not Pijpers),

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p. Ill, pi. 26, flg.

14, 1938.

Test trochoid, subglobular, slightly compressed, periphery rounded and slightly lobulate, dorsal side flat; 

ventral side convex with umbilicus open and depressed; 

chambers few, about 5 in the last whorl, very rapidly 

increasing in size so that the last one forms about % 

of the surface of the test, becoming progressively more 

inflated; sutures fairly distinct, slightly curved, later 

ones slightly depressed; wall thin, very coarsely and 

distinctly perforate except for a clear area on each 

chamber next to the umbilicus; aperture a fairly large 

opening into the umbilicus under the clear-walled portion of the last-formed chamber. Length 0.25 to 0.45 

mm, breadth 0.20 to 0.35 mm, thickness 0.12 to 0.24 mm.

Some specimens were found in all the sections. The 

species seems to be most easily identified by its coarse 

perforations, which make the surface resemble that 

typical of the Globigerinidae.
42 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Upon comparison of the type of "ValvuUneria paucilocula Cushman" with topotypes of Baggina, aeenoula 

Hadley, it was concluded that the two are indistinguishable. Baggina xenoula was described from the west 

bank of Bucatunna Creek, NW14 sec. 17, T. 8, R. 5 W., 

Wayne County, Miss., and recorded from numerous 

other nearby localities, as well as from the Glendon 

limestone member of the Byram formation and Chickasawhay formation of Alabama. "Valvulineria paucilocula" was described from the Byram formation and 

other records for it includes the upper Oligocene to 

lower Miocene of Porto Rico and the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas.

Pamily AMPHISTEGINIDAE

Genus Asterigerina D'Orbigny, 1839

%

Asterigerina subacuta Cushman

Plate 6, figure 2

Asterigerina subacuta Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-E, p. 100, pi. 24, figs. 1-3, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 47, 

1923. 

Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57b,

p. 13, 1930. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

189-D, p. Ill, pi. 28, fig. 1,1938.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 22, p. 101, pi. 16, fig. 27,1946.

Test planoconvex or unequally biconvex, composed of about 

three and one-half coils, the dorsal side slightly convex, smooth, 

the chambers all visible in well-preserved specimens, even 

those of the earlier coils showing through the layer of transparent shell material covering them; chambers about ten in the 

last-formed coil, the sutures oblique and curved backward 

but not depressed below the surface, slightly thickened and 

clear, joining at the periphery with the slight keel; from below, 

the chambers of the last coil only visible; sutures ending at a 

point about one-third of the way in from the periphery, from 

which a secondary chamber is developed to the umbilical region, 

where the sutures come together in a central boss of clear shell 

material; aperture elongate, curved, at the base of the inner 

margin on the ventral side. Diameter about 1 mm.—Cushman.

This species, described from the Byram formation, 

occurs rarely in four of the sections studied. It appears to be limited to the upper parts of the sections.

Asterigerina bracteata Cushman 

Plate 6, figure 5

Asterigerina bracteata- Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, p. 48, pi. 8, fig. 6,1929. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

189-D, p. Ill, pi. 28, fig. 3, 1938; Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 

* 74, 1942. 

Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 569,

1945.

Test small, scale-like, plano-convex, ventral side flat or even 

slightly concave, dorsal side moderately convex, periphery acute, 

somewhat keeled; chambers distinct, five or six in the lastformed coil, ventrally with angular, supplementary chambers 

coining in between the regular series, rhombic in outline, giving

a stellate appearance to the base of the test; sutures on the 

dorsal side strongly curved, not depressed, slightly limbate, 

ventrally with the sutures a little depressed; wall finely perforate dorsally, somewhat more coarse on the ventral side, 

smooth; aperture very narrow, ventral. Diameter 0.22-0.30 

mm; height 0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman.

This is a very distinctive species of Asterigerina, with 

its almost concentric suture pattern on the convex dorsal side. In this material the supplementary chambers 

on the ventral side become increasingly inflated as 

added, but still the test remains planoconvex.

The species was described from the Byram formation 

and is known from the Chickasawhay limestone at 

Choctaw Bluff and near Millry, Ala., and from the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas. It is 

fairly common in all five sections but is apparently 

limited to the middle parts of each section.

Family CASSIDULINIDAE

Genus Alabamina Toulmin, 1941

Alabamina mississippiensis Todd, n. sp.

Plate 6, figure 8

PulvinulineUa obtusa Cushman and Todd (not Burrows and 

Holland), Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 

21, p. 101, pi. 16, figs. 7, 8, 1945. 

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 16, p. 36, pi. 7, figs 7, 8, 1946.

Alabamina wilcoxensis Cushman and Todd (not Toulmin), idem. 

Contr., vol. 24, p. 10 (list), 1948.

Test closely coiled, compressed, ventral side more 

strongly convex than the dorsal, periphery bluntly 

angled, not lobulated; chambers rapidly increasing in 

size, 5 in the last-formed whorl; sutures indistinct, tangential and slightly curved on the dorsal side, radial but 

slightly curved toward their outer ends on the ventral 

side, ventral sutures very slightly depressed; wall 

smooth, very finely perforate; aperture a very low slit 

under the edge of the last-formed chamber extending 

from the umbilicus to the beginning of the septal fold. 

Length 0.35 to 0.47 mm, breadth 0.30 to 0.35 mm, thickness 0.20 to 0.24 mm.

Holotype (Cushman Coll. no. 47646) from the middle 

Oligocene Glendon limestone member of the Byram 

formation (sample 757-16), section in Burke Creek, 

sec. 15, T. 4 K, R. 1 E., Rankin County, Miss.

This species closely resembles A. wilcoxiensis Toulmin 

from the Salt Mountain limestone of lower Eocene age 

of Alabama but differs in having a more nearly equally 

biconvex test, in having the chambers increase more 

rapidly in size to form a more elongate, less circular 

outline, and in having the ventral sutures slightly depressed. However, all these characteristics are varied 

in the series of specimens from these Vicksburg samples, 

and a few specimens appear to be indistinguishable 

from paratypes of A. wilcoxensis Toulmin, with which 

they have been compared.

This species occurs fairly commonly in the four
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 43

sections in Rankin County and rarely in the Mint 

Spring Bayou section.

Specimens recorded in the references above probably 

belong here. They are from the upper Eocene Moodys 

Branch formation of Mississippi and Cocoa sand member of Yazoo clay of Alabama, and the lower Oligocene 

Red Bluff clay of Mississippi.

Genus Cassidulina D'Orbigny, 1826

Cassidulina moodysensis Cushman and Todd

Plate 6, figure 3

Cassidulina moodysensis Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 21, p. 102, pi. 16, figs. 9, 10,

1945; vol. 22, p. 101, 1946.

Test small, compressed, equally biconvex, periphery entire, 

acute but not angled or keeled; chambers distinct, 4 or 5 pairs 

in the last whorl; sutures distinct, curved, slightly depressed; 

wall smooth, polished; aperture a comparatively broad, elongate 

opening at the base of the last-formed chamber. Diameter 0.17- 

0.23 mm; thickness 0.12-0.15 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

Very rare specimens in three of the sections seem 

identical with this very .small species, described from 

the upper Eocene Moodys Branch formation and recorded from the Oligocene Byram formation of Mississippi.

Genus Cassiduliuoides Cushman, 1927

Cassidulinoides compacta Cushman and Ellisor

Plate 6, figure 4

Cassidulinoides compacta Cushman and Ellisor, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 570, pi. 78, fig. 3,1945. 

Cassidulinoides bradyi Cushman (not Norman), Florida Geol.

Survey Bull. 4, p. 58, pi. 11, fig. 8,1930. 

Cushman and Ponton, idem, Bull. 9, p. 98, 1932. 

Cushman and Cahill, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 175-A,

p. 33, pi. 12, fig. 4, 1933. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 24, no. 3, pi.

6, fig. 5, 1940.

Test longer than broad, compressed, close-coiled for most of 

its development, but the last two chambers tending to uncoil, 

periphery rounded; chambers distinct, moderately inflated, increasing rapidly in length in the adult; sutures distinct, slightly 

if at all depressed ; wall smooth; aperture somewhat longer than 

broad, in the adult near the periphery. Length 0.25-0.30 mm; 

breadth 0.15-0.20 mm; thickness 0.12-0.15 mm.—Cushman and 

Ellisor.

Rare specimens of this species, described from the 

subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas, occur in the four Rankin County sections.

Family CHILOSTOMELIIDAE

Genus Fullenia Parker and Jones, 1862

Fullenia alazanensis Cushman

Plate 6, figure 11

Pullenia alazanensis Cushman, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 1, p. 168,

pi. 26, figs. 14, 15, 1927.

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram, Research Contr., 

vol. 19, p. 13, pi. 2, fig. 14, 1943.

Test compressed, periphery rounded, slightly lobulate; chambers 5 in the fast-formed whorl; sutures 

curved, very slightly depressed; wall smooth, polished; 

aperture in unbroken last chamber not observed. Diameter 0.37 mm, thickness 0.20 mm.

This species is very rare, and was found in only four 

samples. The specimens seem to be identical with specimens from the Oligocene Alazan clays of Mexico.

Family GLOBIGERINIDAE

Genus Globigerina D'Orbigny, 1826

Globigerina sp. A

Plate 6, figure 9

Test trochoid, compressed, spire low, umbilicus large 

and deep, periphery deeply indented; chambers globular, very rapidly increasing in size as added, 4 or 5 in 

the last whorl; sutures deeply incised; wall thin, finely 

perforate, thickly set with fine spines; aperture large, 

an arched opening from the last-formed chamber into 

the umbilicus, surrounded by a narrow lip, in some 

specimens the previous one or two apertures also visible. 

Diameter up to 0.45 mm, commonly about 0.35 mm, 

thickness up to 0.25 mm.

Specimens of this form were found commonly to 

abundantly in every sample studied^ yet I have hesitated to describe it formally because of its great range 

of variation and lack of distinctive features.

It somewhat resembles topotypes of G. spirata Bornemann, from the Septaria clays of Hermsdorf, Germany, 

but is a less compact form with the chambers more 

nearly spherical. It differs from G. ouaicMtaensis 

Howe and Wallace, from the upper Eocene of Louisiana, in having the chambers rapidly increasing in size, 

and it differs from G. dawvillensis Howe and Wallace, 

from the same locality, in its large aperture.

Globigerina sp. B 

Plate 6, figure 7

Test subglobular, compact, periphery only slightly 

indented, spire small, not elevated, umbilicus small, 

obscured by overhanging edge of last-formed chamber; 

chambers very rapidly increasing in size, much embracing so that the last chamber comprises about onethird of test; sutures distinct, incised; wall thick, 

densely covered with a fine cancellated pattern, aperture a small, rimmed, arched opening into the umbilicus from the last-formed chamber. Diameter up to 

0.45 mm, thickness up to 0.35 mm.

This species occurs commonly in all the sections but 

is less abundant than G. sp. A. The two forms are 

easily distinguished by their surface ornamentation and 

shape of test.
44 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENJE) SMALLER FORAMINIPERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

Family ANOMALINIDAE

Genus Anomalina D'Orbigny, 1826

Auomalina bilateralis Cushman

Plate 6, figure 12

Anomalina bilateralis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

129-E, p. 97, pi. 21, figs. 1, 2, 1922; Prof. Paper 129-F, 

p. 137,1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 42, 1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 46, pi. 10,

figs. 8, 9, 1930. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 4, figs. 7, 9,1933. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 50, pi. 21,

figs. 4, 5, 1935.

Bermudez, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 11, p. 339, 1937. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 98, 1942. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 75, 1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 21, p. 103, pi. 16, figs. 14, 15, 1945. 

van Bellen, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V, no. 4, p. 73,

pi. 10, figs. 16-18, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 10 (list), 1948.

Test of about four coils, bilateral or nearly so, composed 

of numerous chambers, ten or more in the last-formed whorl, 

umbilical region on both sides with a knob of clear shell 

material, more pronounced on the dorsal side, chambers smooth 

but coarsely punctate, more coarsely so on the ventral side, 

sutures broad and somewhat limbate with clear shell material; 

aperture a narrow curved opening at the base of the final 

chamber. Diameter 1 mm or less.—Cushman.

This species, described from the Byram formation, 

occurs in scattered samples.

Genus Cibicides Montfort, 1808

Cibicides mississippiensis (Cushman) Ellisor

Plate 6, figure 13

Anomalina mississippiensis Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 129-E, p. 98, pi. 21, figs. 6-8, 1922; Prof. Paper

129-F, p. 137, 1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 42, 1923. 

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 2, p. 174 (list), 1928. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 46, pi.

9, figs. 2, 3, 1930. 

van Bellen, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V, no. 4, p. 76,

pi. 11, figs. 10-12, 1946. 

Cibicides mississippiensis Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists

Bull., vol. 17, no. 11, pi. 5, figs. 6, 7, 1933. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 54, pi. 22, fig.

3, 1935. 

Cushman and McGlamery, idem, Prof. Paper 197-B, p. 75,

pi. 7, fig. 14, 1942. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 101, pi. 10,

fig. 7,1942.

Howe, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 16, p. 267 (list), 1942. 

Applin and Jordan, idem, vol. 19, p. 130 (list), 1945. 

Cughman and Herrick, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 21, p. 72, 1945.

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 16, p. 39, pi. 8, figs. 5, 6, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Contr., vol. 22, p. 102,1946. 

Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 210-A, p. 13, 1946. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 24, p. 10 (list), 1948.

Test planoconvex or with dorsal side slightly concave; periphery blunt, slightly lobulated; chambers 

few, distinct, 6 to 8 in the last-formed whorl, rapidly 

increasing in size, thickness, and inflation as added, the 

last two or three chambers with their inner margins 

on the dorsal side slightly above the general surface; 

sutures distinct, limbate and strongly curved on the 

dorsal side, curved, but less so, on the ventral side, 

early ventral sutures limbate, later ones narrow and incised; wall smooth, finely perforate; aperture a low, 

arched opening at the periphery under the edge of the 

last chamber and extending dorsally to the umbilicus. 

Length 0.35 to 0.40 mm, breadth 0.27 to 0.33 mm, 

thickness 0.18 to 0.24 mm.

This is one of the most abundant species in this material, and was found in every sample. It was described 

from the Byram formation and is widely recorded in 

the upper Eocene and Oligocene of the southeast*1.TM 

United States.

Cibicides choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery

Plate 6, figure 10

Cibicides choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, p. Ill, pi. 28, fig. 6, 1938. 

Galloway and Hemingway, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey

Porto Rico and Virgin Is., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 391, pi. 23, fig. 1,

1941. 

Truncatulina americana Cushman (not Cushman, 1918), U. S.

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 97, pi. 20, figs. 7, S,

1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 41, 1923.

Test planoconvex, dorsal side flattened and somewhat evolute, 

the ventral side convex and involute, periphery subacute; chambers distinct, very slightly inflated, about 10 in the final whorl, 

low and broad, of uniform shape, increasing very gradually in 

size as added; sutures distinct, limbate, strongly curved; wall 

smooth, finely perforate; aperture a low, arched opening at the 

periphery and extending over onto the dorsal side below a 

slightly extended lip of the last-formed chamber. Diameter 

0.30-0.35 mm, thickness 0.12 mm,—Cushman and McGlamery.

This species is only slightly less abundant than C. 

mississippiensis (Cushman) and occurs throughout all 

the sections. It was described from the Chickasawhay 

limestone at Choctaw Bluff, Ala., and has been recorded from the upper Oligocene Cibao formation of 

Porto Rico.

It seems to have been confused with Cibicides americanus (Cushman) but is a flatter, more circular form. 

Another closely related form is C. concentricus (Cushman) var. texana Cushman and Ellisor, from the subsurface Anahuac formation of Ellisor in Texas, but 

that is an even more strongly compressed form with the 

ventral side more distinctly evolute.

Cibicides hazzardi Ellis 

Plate 6, figure 14

Cibicides haszardi Ellis, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 13, p. 424, pL

48, figs. 8, 9, 1939.

Test nearly plano-convex, dorsal side nearly flat, ventral side 

convex, periphery rounded, distinct ventral umbo; chambers
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 45

distinct, gradually increasing in size as added, last few distinctly inflated ventrally, about ten in the final whorl, on the 

dorsal side the inner ends having a definite proximal portion 

fusing with adjacent ones to form a concentric band about the 

middle and more or less separated by a series of depressions; 

sutures distinct, curved, limbate, flush except those joining the 

last few chambers, which on the ventral side are thin and 

slightly depressed; wall smooth, with numerous coarse punctations; aperture a low arched opening at the periphery below a 

slightly extended lip at the base of the last-formed chamber.— 

Ell is.

Diameter 0.37 to 0.41 mm, thickness 0.16 to 0.19 mm.

Fairly abundant specimens in the Mint Spring Bayou 

section have been compared with metatypes of this 

species, described from the Chickasawhay limestone 

near Waynesboro, Miss., and seem to be included within 

the range of variation of this species. Generally, part 

of the earlier whorls are visible through the large ventral umbo of clear shell material.

Cibicides lobatulus (Walker and Jacob) Cushman 

Plate 6, figure 19

"Nautilus spiralis lobatus, etc." Walker and Boys, Testacea

minuta, p. 20, pi. 3, fig. 71,1784. 

"Hammoniae tuberculatae, etc." Soldani, Testaceographia, vol.

1, pt. 1, p. 58, pi. 45, figs, ii, kk, II, mm, 1789. 

Nautilus lobatulus Walker and Jacob, Adams Essays, Kanmacher's ed., p. 642, pi. 14, fig. 36, 1798. 

Serptila lobatula Montagu, Testacea Brittanica, p. 515, Suppl.,

p. 160, 1803. 

Truncatulina lobatula D'Orbigny, in Barker-Webb and Berthelot,

Histoire naturelle des lies Canaries, vol. 2, pt. 2, "Foraminiferes," p. 134, pi. 2, figs. 22-24, 1839; Foraminiferes

fossiles du bassin tertiaire de Vienne, p. 168, pi. 9, figs.

18-23, 1846. 

Costa, Accad. pontaniana Atti, vol. 7, pt. 2, p. 249, pi. 14,

fig. 7; pi. 20, fig. 12, 1856.

Egger, Neues .Tahrb. fiir Min., 1857, p. 279, pi. 9, figs. 1-3. 

Parker and Jones, Annals and Mag. Nat. History, 2d ser.,

vol. 19, p. 293, pi. 10, figs. 17-21, 1857. 

Williamson, Recent Foraminifera of Great Britain, p. 59,

pi. 5, figs. 121-123, 1858. 

Terquem, Essai sur le classement des animaux qtii vivent

sur la plage et dans le environs de Dunkerque, pt. 3, p. 126,

pi. 16, fig 4, 1881; Soc. geol. France Mem., 3d ser., vol. 2,

p. 94, pi. 9 (17), fig. 27, 1882. 

H. B. Brady (part), Challenger Kept, Zoology, vol. 9, p.

660, pi. 93, fig. 1 (not figs. 4, 5; pi. 92, fig. 10; pi. 115,

figs. 4, 5), 1884. 

Sherborn and Chapman, Royal Micr. Soc. Jour., 2d ser., vol.

6, p. 756, pi. 16, fig. 12, 1886. 

H. B. Brady, Parker and Jones, Zool. Soc. London Trans.,

vol. 12, p. 227, pi. 42, fig. 20; pi. 45, fig. 26, 1888. 

Egger, Naturh. Ver. Passau Jahresber. 16, p. 31, pi. 5, fig.

5, 1895. 

Jones, Foraminifera of the Crag, pt. 3, p. 304, pi. 2, figs.

4-10; pi. 4, flg. 19, 1896. 

Burrows and Holland, Geologists' Assoc. London Proc.,

vol. 15, p. 47, pi. 2, fig. 24, 1897. 

Bagg, Maryland Geol. Survey, Miocene, p. 464, pi. 131, figs.

7, 8, 1904; U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 513, p. 82, pi. 24, flgs.

9-14, 1912.

970989—52———4

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 71, pt. 5, p. 31, pi. 15,

fig. 1, 1915; U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 676, pp. 16, 60, pi. 1,

fig. 10; pi. 17, figs. 1-3, 1918; idem, Prof. Paper 129-E,

p. 96, pi. 20, figs. 1-3, 1922; Prot Paper 129-F, p. 135,

1922; Prof. Paper 133, p. 40, 1923.

Planorbulina farcta Fichtel and Moll var. (Truncatulina) lobatula Parker and Jones, Philosophical Trans., vol. 155,

p. 368, pi. 14, figs. 3-6; pi. 16, figs. 18-20, 1865. 

Planorbulina lobatula Goes, K. svenska vetensk. akad. Handl.,

vol. 25, no. 9, p. 88, pi. 15, fig. 774, 1894. 

Cibicides lobatulus Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology,

vol. 15, no. 57b, p. 15, pi. 4, fig. 2,1930. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 49, pi. 8,

figs. 2, 3,1930. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 104, pt. 8, p. 118, pi. 21,

flg. 3, 1931.

Macfadyen, Geol. Mag., vol. 69, pi. 34, fig. 10, 1932. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5,

pi. 36, fig. 11, 1933; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181,

p. 52, pi. 22, figs. 4-6, 1935. 

Colom, Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. Bull., vol. 35, p. 5, pi. 6,

fig. 2; text figs. 4, 5,1935. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 15,

p. 76, pi. 12, fig. 25,1939. 

ten Dam and Reinhold, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser. C-V,

no. 1, p. 61, pi. 5, fig. 3,1941. 

LeRoy, Colorado School of Mines Quart., vol. 36, no. 1, pt. 1,

p. 47, pi. 2, figs. 120-122; pt. 3, p. 119, pi. 1, figs. 12-14,

1941. 

Palmer, Soc. cubana hist. nat. Mem., vol. 15, p. 294, pi. 29,

fig. 4, 1941. 

Bergquist, Mississippi Geol. Survey Bull. 49, p. 100, pi. 10,

figs. 11-13, 1942. 

Cushman and McGlamery, U. S. Geol: Survey Prof. Paper

197-B, p. 75, pi. 7, figs. 11-13,1942. 

Colom, Inst. Espanol Oceanografia, Notas y Resumenes, ser.

2, no. 108, p. 43, pi. 10, figs. 198-200, 1942. 

Beck, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 17, p. 611, pi. 109, flgs. 17,

18, 21, 1943. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 12,

p. 36, pi. 4, figs. 27, 28, 1944; Special Pub. 13, p. 27, pi.

3, fig. 16; pi. 6, figs. 13-15, 1945; Am. Philos. Soc. Proc.,

vol. 89, no. 1, p. 288, pi., fig. 21,1945. 

Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr.,

vol. 21, p. 105, pi. 16, figs. 23, 24, 1945. 

Colom, Instit. Invest. Geol., no. 3 Estudios Geologicos, pp.

77, 171, pi. 7, fig. 183; pi. 14, figs. 278-280, 1946. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 17,

pp. 9,15, pi. 2, figs. 6, 7; pi. 3, fig. 15,1946. 

Cushman and Gray, idem, Special Pub. 19, p. 45, pL 8, fig. 14,

1946. 

Cushman and Todd, idem, Special Pub. 21, p. 23, pi. 4, fig. 6,

1947; idem, Contr., vol. 23, p. 71, pi. 16, fig. 33, 1947. 

Cushman, idem, Special Pub. 23, p. 78, pi. 8, fig. 14,1948.

Test large, planoconvex or with dorsal side concave or 

irregular owing to attachment to an irregular object; 

periphery acute but commonly not keeled, generally 

lobulated but with great range in degree; chambers distinct, slightly inflated ventrally, about 8 in the lastformed whorl, later ones of many specimens of irregular shape; sutures rather indistinct except the later 

ones that are slightly incised on both dorsal and ventral 

sides, spiral suture generally distinct and incised, suture pattern varying from straight and radial to sinuous 

owing to irregularity of the test; wall thin, coarsely
46 VICKSBURG (OLIGOCENE) SMALLER FORAMINIFERA FROM MISSISSIPPI

perforate, smooth; aperture a low slit extending from 

the periphery over onto the dorsal side under the edge 

of the last-formed chamber, with a slight rim. Diameter up to 0.70 mm 'or more, thickness about 0.25 mm. 

Cibicides lobatulus is one of the most abundant species, and was found in nearly every sample. This extremely varied species is widely distributed geographically and known through the Tertiary and the Recent.

Cibicides lobatulus (Walker and Jacob) Cushman var. 

Plate 6, figure 17

Cibicides vicksburgensis Cushman and Todd (not "Rotalia 

vicksburgensis Cushman"), Cushman^ Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, p. 102, pi. 16, figs. 30-32, 1946.

Variety differing from the typical form in its more 

regular shape, without inflated chambers or depressed 

sutures, and its proportionally thicker test.

Specimens from all the sections closely resemble C. 

lobatulus (Walker and Jacob) but seem to be distinguishable by the features noted above.

Similar specimens in the Byram formation were 

called "Cibicides vicksburgensis (Cushman)" by Cushman and Todd, referring in error to "Rotalia, vicks- 

"buvgensis", which is a Gyroidina. There is a Cibicides 

vicksburgensis (Cushman), originally called "Anomalina vicksburgensis" (Cushman, 1922, p. 137, pi. 35, figs. 

5, 6), but it is not the same as the Byram species, as that 

is a much smaller species with a clear mass of shell material at the umbilicus on the ventral side.

Cibicides pseudoungerianus (Cushman) Cole and Gillespie 

Plate 6, figure 15

Truncatulina pseudoungeriana Cushman, U. S. Geol. Survey

Prof. Paper 129-E, p. 97, pi. 20, fig. 9, 1922; Prof. Paper

129-F, p. 136, 1922; Prof. Paper 133. p. 40, 1923. 

Cibicides pseudoungerianus Cole and Gillespie, Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57b, p. 15, pi. 3, figs. 10, 11, 1930. 

Cole and Ponton, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 5, p. 50, pi. 10,

fig. 4, 1930. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 104, pt. 8, p. 123, pi. 22,

figs. 3-7, 1931.

Thalmann, Eclogae geol. Helvetiae, vol. 25, p. 309, 1932. 

Ellisor, Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists Bull., vol. 17, no. 11,

pi. 5, figs. 3, 4,1983. 

Oushman, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 181, p. 52, pi. 23,

fig. 1, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 47, p. 426, pi. 4,

fig. 3,1936. 

Coryell and Bmbich, Jour. Paleontology, vol. 11, p. 302, pi.

43, fig. 15, 1937. 

Phleger, Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 50, p. 1405, pi. 3,

figs. 1, 2,1939. 

Cushman and Garrett, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research

Contr., vol. 15, p. 88, pi. 15, figs. 25, 26, 1939. 

Cushman, idem, vol. 15, p. 76, pi. 12, figs. 23, 24, 1939; Am.

Jour. Sci., vol. 239, p. 138, pi. 5, figs. 16-19, 1941. 

ten Dam and Reinhold, Geol. Stichting Mededeel., ser.

C-V, no. 1, p. 62, pi. 5, fig. 4,1941. 

Galloway and Heminway, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey

Porto Rico and Virgin Is, vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 395, pi. 23,

fig. 5, 1941. 

LeRoy, Colorado School of Mines Quart, vol. 36, no. 1, pt. 2,

p. 89, pi. 3, figs. 1-3,1941.

Cushman and Todd, Oushman Lab. Foram. Research Special

Pub. 15, p. 70, pi. 12, fig. 7,1945. 

Truncatulina ungeriana EL B. Brady (not Rotalina ungeriana

D'Orbigny), Challenger Kept, Zoology, vol. 9, p. 664, pi.

94, fig. 9,1884. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 103, p. 69, pi. 24, fig. 1,

1918.

Test biconvex, almost equally so; periphery subacute, chambers nine to eleven in the last-formed whorl, those of the earlier 

whorls not showing on the dorsal side because they are hidden 

by the roughness of the surface, or on the ventral side because 

of the involute character; periphery lobulated; sutures distinct 

above in the last whorl and very distinct below, as the chambers are somewhat tumid on the ventral side; umbilical region 

filled nearly flush with the chambers by clear shell material, 

last few chambers on the dorsal side slightly above the surface 

on the inner margin; surface dorsally with coarse punctae, 

below smooth and more finely punctate; aperture at the 

periphery. Diameter 1 mm or less.—Cushman.

This species occurs in scattered samples in all but onw 

of the sections. It was described from the Byram formation, and is very widely recorded throughout the 

Tertiary and the Recent.

Cibicides plano-convexus Cushman and Todd 

Plate 6, figure 16

Cibicides plano-convexa Cushman and Todd, Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 21, p. 104, pi. 16, figs. 18,19,

1945; vol. 22, p. 102, 1946.

Test plano-convex, dorsal side flattened or even slightly concave, ventral side strongly convex, periphery acute, slightly 

keeled; chambers distinct, 8 to 10 in the adult whorl, increasing 

very gradually in size as added, slightly inflated on the ventral 

side, periphery of the chambers with a distinct, broad keel; 

sutures distinct, strongly curved; wall coarsely perforate except 

the keeled periphery which is smooth; aperture at the periphery 

and extending over onto the dorsal side beneath keel of the 

inner margin of the last-formed chamber. Diameter 0.30-0.40 

mm; thickness 0.15-0.18 mm.—Cushman and Todd.

This is a common species in all the sections. It is 

close to C. pseudoungeriarms (Cushman) but differs in 

lacking the raised umbo of clear shell material on the 

ventral side. On the contrary, the umbo tends to be 

somewhat depressed, owing to the joining of the raised 

and limbate sutures around it. C. plano-conveoeus has 

previously been known from the upper Eocene Moodys 

Branch formation and the Oligocene Byram formation 

of Mississippi.

Family FLANORBULINIDAE

Genus Planorbulina D'Orbigny, 1826

Planorbulina mediterranensis D'Orbigny

Plate 6, figure 18

Planorbulina mediterranensis D'Orbigny, Annales sci. nat., vol.

7, p. 280, no. 2, pi. 5 (14), figs. 4-6; Modeles, no. 79, 1826;

Foraminiferes fossiles du bassin tertiaire de Vienne, p. 166,

pi. 9, figs. 15-17, 1846.

Costa, Accad. pontaniana Atti, vol. 7, pt. 2, p. 244, pi. 20,

fig. 7, 1856.

Parker, Jones and H. B. Brady, Annals and Mag. Nat. History, 3d ser., vol. 16, p. 31, pi. 2, fig. 74,1865.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 47

Terrigi, Accad. pontif. Nuovi Lincei Atti, vol. 35, p. 194, pi.

3, fig. 38, 1883. 

H. B. Brady, Challenger Rept., Zoology, vol. 9, p. 656,, pi.

92, figs. 1-3, 1884. 

Jones, Foraminifera of the Crag, pt. 3, p. 298, pi. 2, fig. 3; pi.

5, fig. 30, 1896. 

Flint, U. S. Nat. Museum Rept. for 1897, p. 328, pi. 72,

fig. 6,1899. 

A. Silvestri, Pont, accad. Nuovi Lincei Atti, vol. 15, p. 286,

pi. 11, figs. 4-7, 1899. 

Mills, Hull Sci. and Field Naturalists' Club Trans., vol. 1,

p. 150, pi. 11, fig. 37, 1900. 

Cushman, U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 71, pt. 5, p. 28, pi. 12,

fig. 1, 1915; Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 311, p. 45,

pi. 6, figs. 1, 2, 1922; U. S. Nat. Museum Bull. 104, pt. 8,

p. 129, pi. 24, figs. 5-8,1931.

Cole, Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 6, p. 58, pi. 5, fig. 1,1931. 

Cushman, Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Special Pub. 5,

pi. 37, figs. 1, 2, 1933. 

Howchin and Parr, Royal Soc. South Australia Trans., vol.

62, p. 311, pi. 19, fig. 12,1938. 

Cushman, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 99, no. 9, p. 13, pi. 2,

fig. 9, 1941. 

Colom, Instit. Espanol Oceanografia, Notas y Resumenes,

ser. 2, no. 108, p. 44, pi. 9, figs. 180-183, 185, 1942; Instit

Invest. Geol. no. 3 Estudios Geol6gicos, p. 174, pi. 14, figs.

301, 302, 1946. 

Planorbitlinella larvata Cushman and Ellisor (not Parker and

Jones), Jour. Paleontology, vol. 19, p. 572, pi. 78, fig. 10,

1945.

Test adherent, large and flat, composed of a single 

layer of chambers; dorsal surface smooth and conforming to the object to which the animal was attached, 

ventral surface evenly undulating, owing to the inflation of the individual chambers, periphery irregularly 

lobulate; chambers numerous, of approximately the 

same size, early ones indistinct, later ones added in an 

irregularly annular series, often irregularly overlapping on the ventral side; sutures deeply depressed on 

the ventral side, early dorsal sutures indistinct, later 

ones slightly depressed; wall thin, very coarsely perforate ; apertures multiple, inconspicuous, one or more 

per chamber, at the junctions between chambers on the 

periphery, usually slightly rimmed. Diameter up' to 

1 mm or more, thickness about 0.20 mm.

This species is present throughout all the sections. 

It was described from the Mediterranean Sea and is 

known widely in Recent seas and throughout the 

Tertiary.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

COLE, W. S., and RUTH GILLESPIE, 1930, Some small Foraminifera from the Meson formation of Mexico: Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 15, no. 57b, pp. 123-137, (1-15), pis. 18-21

d-4). 

COLE, W. S., and G. M. PONTON, 1930, The Foraminifera of the

Marianna limestone of Florida: Florida Geol. Survey Bull.

5, pp. 19-69, pis. 5-11.. 

COOKE, C. W., 1923, The correlation of the Vicksburg group:

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, pp. 1-9.

CUSHMAN, J. A., 1922, The Byram calcareous marl of Mississippi 

and its Foraminifera: U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-E, 

pp. 79-122, pis. 14-28.

——— 1922, The Foraminifera of the Mint Spring calcareous 

marl member of the Marianna limestone: U. S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 129-F, pp. 123-152, pis. 29-35.

——— 1923, The Foraminifera of the Vicksburg group: U. S.

Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, pp. 11-71, pis. 1-8.

———— 1929, Notes on the Foraminifera of the Byram marl: 

Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol. 5, pp. 40-48, 

pis. 7, 8.

———— 1935, New species of Foraminifera from the lower Oligocene of Mississippi: Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 11, pp. 25-37, pis. 4, 5.

1937, A monograph of the subfamily Virgulininae of the

Foraminiferal family Buliminidae: Cushman Lab. Foram.

Research Special Pub. 9, 24 pis. 

CUSHMAN, J. A., and A. C. ELLISOR, 1945, The Foraminiferal

fauna of the Anahuac formation: Jour. Paleontology, vol.

19, pp. 545-572, pis. 71-78. 

CUSHMAN, J. A., and J. B. GARBETT, 1938, Three new rotaliform

Foraminifera from the lower Oligocene and upper Eocene

of Alabama: Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., vol.

14, pp. 62-66, pi. 11 (part). 

CUSHMAN, J. A., and WINNIE MCGLAMERY, 1938, Oligocene

Foraminifera from Choctaw Bluff, Alabama: U. S. Geol.

Survey Prof. Paper 189-D, pp. 103-119, pis. 24-28.

————1939. New species of Foraminifera from the lower Oligoeene of Alabama : Cushman Lab. Foram. Research Contr., 

vol. 15, pp. 45-49, pi. 9 (part).

———— 1942, Oligocene Foraminifera near Millry, Alabama:

U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 197-B, pp. 65-84, pis. 4-7. 

CUSHMAN, J. A., and RUTH TODD, 1946, A foraminiferal fauna

from the Byram marl at its type locality: Cushman Lab.

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 22, pp. 76-102, pis. 13 (part),

14-16.

———— 1948, Foraminifera from the Red Bluff-Yazoo section at 

Red Bluff [error for Hiwannee], Mississippi: Cushman Lab. 

Foram. Research Contr., vol. 24, pp. 1-12, pis. 1, 2 (part).

ELLIS, A. D., JR., 1939, Significant Foraminifera from the Chickasawhay beds of Wayne County, Mississippi: Jour. Paleontology, vol. 13, pp. 423, 424, pi. 48.

GALLOWAY, J. J., and C. E. HEMINWAY, 1941, The Tertiary Foraminifera of Porto Rico: New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Survey 

Porto Rico and Virgin Ids., vol. 3, pt. 4, pp. 275-491, pis. 

1-36, map.

GARRETT, J. B., 1939, Some middle Tertiary smaller Foraminifera 

from subsurface beds of Jefferson County, Texas: Jour. 

Paleontology, vol. 13, pp. 575-579, pis. 65, 66.

MACNEIL, F. S., 1944, Oligocene stratigraphy of southern United 

States: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 28, pp. 

1313-1354, fig. 1.

MORNHINVEG, A. R., 1941, The Foraminifera of Red Bluff: Jour. 

Paleontology, vol. 15, pp. 431-435.

MORNHINVEG, A. R., and J. B. GARRETT, JR., 1935, Study of Vicksburg group at Vicksburg, Mississippi: Am. Assoc. Petroleum 

Geologists Bull., vol. 19, pp. 1645-1667, figs. 1-5, table 1.

MURRAY, G. E., 1947, Cenozoic deposits of central Gulf coastal 

plain: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., vol. 31, pp. 

1825-1850, figs. 1-10.

TODD, M. R., 1947, Vicksburg Oligocene Foraminifera from Mississippi (abstract): Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 58, No. 

12, pt. 2, p. 1233.

INDEX

Acknowledgments____________--______________..._ 2 

acuticosta, Lagena____________________________.__ J6, pi. 2 

adatta, Textularia......................................................... 5, 6, pi. J

advena, Articulin'a..................___________________._9, pi. l

Oaudryina.......... ..._________,____.___________ 6

Karreriella—————————_. — — _——____________...___ 6, pi. 1 

Nonionina....... .....——..--.-__-.___.____________ 21

Patelllna............................................................... SB, pi. 5

Polymorphina...... ...____.___._____..._______. . 20, pi. 3

PuMnulina-......._____._____________________ .. 41

Siphonina.......................................................... 40, 41, pi. 5

Vertebralina... __._...________________.______. 9

advenum, Nonion-......____ ...___ _____.___________ 21, pi. 3

advenus, Nonion..--------....__..___._______...._____._._ 21

aequalis, Pyrulina................ ..._______.______........._ 19, pi. 3

affine, Nonion..........._______________'.........____..... 22

alabamense,Nonion......—........................ .________ ___ 22, pi. 3

alabamensis, Discorbis......... ... .-..._.___.._...___.______.. 56, pi. 5

Eponides.... .__..__._________-._-.-..________.. 39, pi. 5

Olobulina..—.....-..........—__.______________ _____ 18, pi. 3

Spiroplectammina......... .—————__._--.______-.____ 4

Spiroplectammina mississippiensis.... ._..___._.___-..._-.-.. 4, pi. 1

Textularia mississippiensis-... .....--__________________ 4

Alabamina mississippiensis.......... .. —— _—__.._____.__.. 2, 42, pi. 6

wilcoxensis—................————________________._ 42

alato-limbata, Robulus.....—............._____-_._____________ 11

alato-limbatus.......................................................--.--.. 11, pi. 2

alazanensis, PuUenia..............................__._______--____- 43, pi. 6

albatrossi, Pyrulina..........__..----.-..____________.._.. /8, pi. 3

alsatica, Turrilina................... ...—__—__.__________.__. 26

alveata, Discorbis-............................................................. 35

americana, Truncatulina..........--_--_..____-._________... 44

americanus, Cibicides...,_—-_..-___________.____________ 44 

Amphimorphina sp——-.. ———————— ---—---——------_-_------... 25, pl. 4

Amphlsteginidae.________.______-________________ 42 

amygdalaeformis, Bolivina....... ...._____..._____._______ 30,31

delicata, Loxostomum....................-—.—......... .___._____ 31

amygdaloides, Polymorphina..........._- .......—-—————_—___..-- 19

terquemiana, Polymorphina-....---...---------__--.-...__..____. 19

anfracta, Angulogerina byramensis...... ...__.____.___...__.... 34, pl. 4

Angulogerinabyramensis..- — ...——..——.. —— __ —._..._...___ S3, pi. 4 

byramensis anfracta.....-. ......... — — ————— --—.--.-——.... 2, $4, pi. 4

byramensis fera,-..........-...... ——— —————....—--._-.__._ 33, pi. 4

hispidula.—........__.._——.. —._------- — ——.—-.-------_ 34, pi. 4

rugoplicata............... ....—.--.-.__.._______--.. _ 2, 34, pi. 4

vicksburgensis... _______--_-._..._-..-..______._____ 34, pi. 4 

angusta, Buliminella subteres...., ..._——..——--——-----__-______ 26

Robertina...............-_..-_.-__--__-.___.__._-_______ 26, pi. 4

Anomalinabilateralis-------.-.------...— _—__---_—_..-.___ 44, pi. 6

mississippiensis— <.—————— — ——————————..——..——______ 44

oicksburgensis............__-----——„_-__.. ———„_._____ 46

Anomalinidae-._________.-_-...__.__._____________ 44 

aperta, Bitubulogenerina......__--..-—__..__—__..____..__ SI, pi. 4

Cristellaria vicksburgensis--——...—...—...———.....——__.__ 11

Lenticulina vicksburgensis.....----——--.-—___.._-__—._____ 11

Robulus vicksburgensis..........-...-—----———-—— ---...-.. -.-__ 11, pi. 2

Tubu7.ogenerina...................——...—..——__.._..____.... 31

apiculata, Buliminella...............__-------__.-___________ 25

Buliminella elegantissima.......__._______..________.. 25

architectura, Triloculina.......— — ........__.._.....__-__.____ 10, pi. 1

arcuato-costata, Discorbis.. — -.—...-——_—_——__-______ 35, 36, pi. 5 

Articulina advena... ..._....__--__——_—__._.___________ 9, pi. 1

byramensis..-.. ————— —— ——— — ——————— —— -_—-_._- 9, pi. 1

assulata, Discorbis.....——————....——-—.—————.——-------_._-.. 36

Asterigerina bracteata.....-—_—.-..---_____.... .___.___ 2, 42, pi. 6

subacuta.-..........——..,—^——————_...._—.-.._—___ 42, pi. 6

australis, Olobulina.-.--—.... —————————.———..——..-.-_...--_. 17

Outtulina spicaeformis..—......—......................_______.. 17, pi. 3

Polymorphina................................———..———.._—--.. 17

badenensis, Dentalina.......—--... ——————————— ——— — - —..

Baggina thalmanni.. _..._.- —— ————— — ——— —— ——— _. —...

xenoula.-------- ___..._——-- — ———————— —————— -- 2, 41

bicofiata, Quinqueloculina.-- ___------—...—-——. ———————— - —— -

Bifarina vicksburgensis......----------- —— -.——- ——————————— —— - SI

bilateralis, Anomalina-...----__--_-_-.-.---- —. ——— ———————— —— 44

Bitubulogenerina aperta..........-_--__._._--------—_——..——-—.. 31

hiwanneensis...-------—..-- — —. —— ----- ——— —— - — ————— -- S2

howei---. _..__-__——.-.--._._ — _.--.-. —— ————— — — ——. 32

vicksburgensis.-...... .-..__-..-._—---------——-.—————..——- 32

Bolivina amygdalaeformis...----. ...——. — —— —————. ——————— ———

caelata-...-..-. _._...-- — - — ——— ————. — ————————————— 

byramensis-...-.. .................- — ——— - —— ————————— - — -

choctawensis______—-—————— — --- —————— - ——— ———— 29 

cookei-—.------------ ———————— --——————————————————— 29,

costifera.... .-__ — —————— -- —— ----- —— ——— ———— ——.-— 29,

frondea.....-.-.-- .........-. —.. ——— -- —— —————————————— --

mexicana....-... ------- — -- —— — —— — ————— ——— --_.-.—— 29,

mississippiensis--.—.-- —— — --._-._----- —.— — ————— ——— 28, 29,

costifera-.......--------———-- ——— ——— —— ———.-.- — - —— --

mornhinvegi......----- —. ————— - ——— -- —— -- — —————— ---- SO,

quadricosta..-......--..... ._ ——. ——. ——.. ——— ——————.. — — - SO,

tortuosa..........-— —— -- —— — —— —— ————— — — - — — —— SO,

Bolivinella subpectinata.-.. 

vicksburgensis..,-....- 

bracteata, Asterigerina..... 

bradyi, Cassidulinoides.... 

Bucatunna clay member. 

Bulimina byramensis......

ovata—.-..--........... --------------------- —————————————— ----

primitiva—————.........—-------------------------------- 2, 26,

robertsi.....-................-............... ...— - — — —————— ------

Bulimina sp. -___-.——————————————————————————————— 27 

Buliminella apiculata..... —— — —— -_-_--- — - ————————— - — -- —— —

choctawensis.-..——— — — - —— --... — ——. — ——— —— —— -- ———

madagascariensis spicataobtusata-..............--

robertsi----.......—.....

subteres.----------------

970989—52

Bullminldae-.-———————————— .......................................

Byram formation_——.—————— —— —— ———————————

byramensis, Angulogerina--.--.... — -. ————— ---__ — — ——— _ — — S3,

articulina-.--———————————————————————— 9,

Bolivina-..——.————————— —————————-— 28,29,

Bolivina caelata------——------ —————— —... ——————————— ———

Bulimina.............. ——— --- — — ------ ——.———————————— 26,

Cornuspira.—...--.................—....... -—————————————— 10,

Discorbis———........——.————--——————————————————— 36,

Entosolenia................ _-_——— ———— -———————————— 27,

Eponides..----——- ——— — -- —— -- ———— —— ----- — —— --.-——— 38,

Outtulina..—-------------———————— —— —————————~ 16,

Gyroidina.---...————————— ——— -- —— ------ —— -- —— — — — 38,

Lagena...- ...-. —— —————— ————— —— -- — ——— ——— — — -- —

Lamarckina.———— ————— —— ---.__-_----_.-- ——— _- —— ------— 37,

Nonionella hantkeni-. _----——_------—.- ——— ——... — ------- 23,

Polymorphina.......... ...—— ———— ---- ——— — — ---- — --- — — —

PuMnulina..............-........... — _.----_ — ——— — —— — _- ....

Pyrgo....................—...........—...—.-——------—-. 10,

Quinqueloculina....-——— —— — —— ——— —— — —— --- — ——— 6, 7,

Reussella————- ..........-.-............. .... ——— - ——— ————— S2,

BoteKa--.-—————————————————————— 39,

Siphoninella............ —— -- —— —— — --- ————— — — —— ———— 41 ,

Triloculina....—... ..———,— —-——————————————————— 9,

Uvigerina........... ——.——— —— ------ ————— —. — — — ——.-

49

, Pi. 2

41

, pl. 5 

7

, Pl. 4 

, Pl. 6 

,Pl. 4 

,pl. 4 

,pl.4 

,pl. 4

32

30,31 

14,28

28

,P1.4 

,pl.4 

, pl. 4

20

,pl.4 

, pl. 4

29

, pl. 4 

pl. 4 

pl. 4

,pl. 4 

,pl.4 

,pl. 6

1

iPl. 4 

26 

26

, Pl. 4 

26

, Pl. 4 

25 

25

25

,Pl.4 

,pl-4 

,pl.4

26 

26 

25 

1

pl. 4 

pl. 1 

pl.4 

28

pl.4 

Pl.l 

pl. 5 

pl.4 

pl. 5 

pl.3 

pl. 5 

27

pl. 5 

pl.3 

16 

38 

Pl.l 

pl. 1 

pl.4 

pl. 5 

pl. 5 

pl.l 

33
INDEX 50

byramensis anfracta, Angulogerina...... ___________________ S4, pl. 4

byramensis fera, Angulogerina.............................................. 55, pi. 4

byramensis flintii, Lagena.............__________________.__ 27

byramensis turgida, Clavulina................_________________ 6

Liebusella..—.........................-....—.......................... 6, pi. 1

caelata, Bolivina........................................................_......

byramensis, Bolivina.-.........-..—..—..—..—.—........ — .—..........

Palmula............................................................... 14,

canariensis australis, Uvigerina................................................

Cancris cocoaensis ........_._..__..-.--.______________.

cubensis—.....-.--_______-----_________......___

paudloculatus -.........................________...--._______

vicksburgensis. __._____________________.___. 2, 41,

Cassidulina moodysensis............................................._.... 43,

Cassidulinidae____________________________.............

Cassidulinoides bradyi........_____.._______________.__...

compacta.... ________________ ______._______ 43,

Chilostomellidae..__________________________..........

choctawensis, Bolivina.-.....-...................________.________ 29,

Buliminella..___________________________________ 

Cibicides.-.. —.________________________.________ 44,

Chrysalogonium granti............. .-._.._______.._.....___.

vicksburgense.._____..___—_.________________ is,

sp.

Cibicides americanus.- ___________________.____...........

choctawensis.............. ......_———__._____________ 44,

hazzardi................................................................ 44,

lobatulus............................................................... 45,

lobatutus vaf............-..----.-.._._________________ 40,

mississippiensis..........____—————______________ 44,

plano-convexa.-...........................................................

plano-convexus......................................................... 46,

pseudoungerianus............... .-...---..______..____._ 48,

vicksburgensis.....__....__.___.____________....

Clavulina byramensis turgida................___________________.

cocoaensis, Cancris............................................................

compacta, Cassidulinoides................................................... 45,

compressa, Nonionella jacksonensis........-..-....._.____....__.. 25,

contorta, Quinqueloculina............................................ _____.....

cookei, Bolieina.....................................................___ 29,

Lagena..—......................................................._..... is,

Quinqueloculina_____.._._____._____._____.... e, 8,

Cornuspira byramensis..................................................... 10,

costata, Entosolenia...........................................................

Lagena.........._....—.________.____________ IB, 16,

Polymorphina............................................................

Polymorphina (Globulina)....._________.____________

costifera, Botivina........................................................... 29,

Bolivina mississippiensis..................________________

crassa, Quinqueloculina..................._______________._....

macerata, Quingueloculina-..-........... ._._______.__.... 7,

crassipunctata, Nonionella.....................................................

Cristellaria submamilligera............. ...___________________

vicksburgensis.............................................................

aperta.—............ . ..............................................

sp.

crumenata, Entosolenia..................... .________________ 27,

cubensis, Cancris........________.. .___________.....

Gumbelina............................................................. 24,

D

danvillense, Nonion..............................._.._______..__.

danmllensis, Globigerina...................__...__...________...

Gyroidina. ....________----------_..___________.

Nonionella..————————————————— ———_________

decorata, Massilina................................____________. 8,

decoratum,Nonion....... ...______._______...._____.. 21,

delicata, Loxostomum amygdalae for mis.........................................

delicatum, Loxostomum———.-....-.....——.............................. SI,

Dentalinabadenensis.-....———————————————————— 12,

emaciata...——————————_..—————________________ 12, 

guttifera.-.........................——_.________________

hantkeni...... . —.———__._————___________.__ 12,

jamaicensis.-------...______..________________

mesonensis.....--..................—.__________________ 12,

monroei.-.————.——-.—.—-.——.—.....................-...-.. ig,

praecatesbyi............................................................ IS,

pseudoinvolvens......................................._________ is,

soluta........-----..-.................................................. is,

14,28 

28

pi. 2 

34 

41 

41

41

pi. 5 

pi. 6

42

43 

pi. 6

43 

pi. 4

25 

pi. 6

14 

pi. 2

13

44

pi. 6 

pi. 6 

pi. 6 

pi. 6 

pi. 6

46

pi. 6 

pi. 6

46 

6

41

pi. 6 

pi. 3 

7,10 

pi. 4 

pi. 2 

,pl.l 

pl.l

15 

pi. 2

18

18 

pi. 4

29

pl. 1 

23 

U 

10 

U 

U

Pl.4 

*1

Pl. 4

sp.

dentata, Rotalia... 

parva, Rotalia.

43 

38 

24

pl.l 

, pl.3 

31

, pl. 4 

, pl. 2 

, pl. 2 

13 

, Pl. 2

12

, pl. 2 

,pl. 2 

,pl. 2 

, pl. 2 

, pl. 2

13

39,40

40

Discorbis alabamensis-------- _________——....———__....——— 58, pl. 5

aleeata............———————————...——————————————————— 35

arcuato-costata..—.— ———........................................ 2,35,55, pl. 5

assulata................................................................... 36

byramensis......————————————————————————————— 2,55, pl. 5

farishi. ._—.—————————————————....——— 56, pl. 5

hemisphaerica.............................——————————„..———— 36

subaraucana__.——— —— ——————————————————————— $6, pl. 5 

subglobosa............................................................ 2, 55, pl. 5

tentoria............————————————————————————————— 55, pl. 5

sp..._..............—...—......__—...........—.——..———... 36

E

Ehrenberginaglabrata... — .—...........................................——

elegantissima apiculata, Buliminella..... ___——————————-...—.....

emaciata, Dentalina...——————— ———.. —— ——— ———— —... ——..-. 12, 

Nodosaria.................................................................

Entosolenia byramensis..................................................... 27,

costata.......---..............................................-.--........

crumenata..........-....... ——————..—— —————————_.----_ 27,

laevigata-.----........... ________—.—.—————..—.--.-. 27,

mississippiensis...._——.—...__.__—————————————.—— 87,

orbignyana................................—..............................

orbignyana flintii..................................—....—___—— 27,

squamosa hexagona............................................... ——.....

Epfs.on.mosp.__...————————...—_...-——————————.—....

Eponides alabamensis................. _____.. ————————_ —.—— 39,

ewaldi, Nodosaria.

5

25 

pl.2

12 

pl. 4

15

pl. 4 

pl. 4 

pl. 4

27 

pl. 4

16

41

pl. 5 

pl. 5 

pl. 5

13

farcta, Planorbulina............. ___...._———————————————.... 45

farishi, Discorbis.........................._..——————————————— S6, pl. 5

Faunas of five sections compared...——————————————————————— 2 

fera, Angulogerina byramensis-...-... ———————————————————— 55, pl. 4 

fimbriata, Olobulina....................—...—...—————————........ 18, pl. 3

Fissurina laevigata.............. _______————————————————— 27

Flabettina vicksburgensis....................................................... 14

Flintia laticoncaea.....———.———————————————————————— 10, pl. 1

flintii, Entosolenia orbignyana-............................................. 27, pl. 4

Lagena byramensis......-............................—,———.————— 27

folium, Textularia..............................—————————————————— 25

Forest Hill sand-_——————.—....———.—.—————.—.———- 1

frondea, Bolivina___.-.._-_—...._._———————————...——— 20

Polymorphina.—-....--................................,............... 20, pl. 3

Frondicularia garretti....................................................... 14, pl. 2

fulgida, Quingueloculina.......................——.—........... ———. 7, pl. 1

Q 

garretti, Frondicularia.. ————————————————————— 14,

Gaudryina advena.. ———————————————————————————————— 

youngi..................................................,..................

sp.

Gaudryina (Siphogaudryina) glabrata............... ——————————————— 5,

youngi.........................................————————————— 5,

gibba, Globulina.........-..—-............................................ 17,

gibba punctata, Globulina........................ ....................... 17, 18,

gibba stnata, Globulina————— ——— ————————————...——-- 18,

glabrata, Ehrenbergina..——— ——— — — ————————————————————

Gaudryina (Siphogaudryina).... ..——.—.————————————————— 5,

Lamarckina......... ————————— ————.—— ——— ———————— 57,

Pulvinulina........-- —————— ————— ————————————————

Quingueloculina......................................................... 8,

Qlendon limestone member__—.—..——————————————————— 

Globigerina danvillensis—......................................................

ouachitaensis.......——————————————————————————————

spirata.______. ——— ——...———————————.——————— —— 

sp. A....—— ————————————-——————————— 43,

sp. B...__--.-..—.————————-----———.————. 43,

Qlobigerinidae__....— —.-- —— ————— — ————————————————

globosa, Polymorphina.........................................................

glob-ulifera, Ramulina....................................................... SI,

Globulina alabamensis..- ——.———————————————————————— 18, 

australis....................................—...........................

fimbriata............................................................... 18,

gibba—————————'...............————————————————————— If,

punctata........................................................ 17, 18,

_-.ria_a_————————————————————— 18,

punctata................... ... ————————————————————— ........

rugosa.- ——.......———————————————————.————

varians—................................................................

(Globulina) striata, Polymorphina...............-.......................——.

granti, Chrysalogonium.-------.......——————————————————————

grateloupi, Spiroloculina..——————————————————————

pl.2 

6 

5

32

pl.l 

pl.l 

pl.3 

pl.3 

pl.3 

5

pl.l

pl. 5

37

pl.l

1

43 

43 

43

pl.6

pl. 6

4»

18

pl.3

pl.3

17

pl.3 

pl.3 

pl.3 

pl.3

17

18

19

18

14

8
51 INDEX

guayabalensis, Bulimina....____._______________....____ 26 

Oumbelina cubensis........................................_._______ 24, pi. 4

guttifera, Dtntalina.....--....__.__....________._________ 13

Outtulina byramensis..... ...._...._____________________ 16, pi. 3

problema................ .__.'_______'______________ __ 17, pi. 3

spicaeformisaustralis..... ._.._____________________._ 17, pi. 3

Gyroidina byramensis.-.... .---._------..__.__..._______... 58, pi. 5

danvjttensis..... ..._._..........._._.....______...._..__ 38

vicksburgensis..... . ________.__________________ 2, 3S, pi. 5

sp. —————————————...—————.——.———__———____ ——— 38

H 

Hammoniae tuberculatae...... ..__...________....._.._ .._. 45

hantkeni, Dentalina.—........ .____..__....__....__________ __ IS, pi. 2

byramensis, Nonionella....______._____. ._...______. 25, pi. 3

spifsa, Nonionella............... ...................................... 22, pi. 3

hazzardi, Cibicides........ __________________________ 44, pi. 6

hemisphaerica, Discorbis......._______________.____________ 36

Heronallenia vicksburgensis.. ....________________ ________ 57, pi. 5

Heterohelicidae___________..._______________________ 24 

hexagona, Entosolenia squamosa............__..._____.________. 16

Lagena......................................._____________ 16, 27, pi. 2

hirsuta, Polymorphina........................................................ 18

hispidula, Angulogerina............................... ______._..____ 54, pi. 4

hiwanneense, Loxostomum............................................... SO, 31, pi. 4

hiwanneensis, Bitubulogenerina............................................. 52, pi. 4

howei, Bitubulogenerina.................................................... 3%, pi. 4

Spiroplectammina....................................................... 4, pi. 1

incisura, Rotalia—--............. __________________________ ...'. 59, pi. 5

Introduction.-_——___.........___--_--._________________ 1

I

jacksonensis, Nonionella.j.....................———...._.___._--__.. S3, 24, pi. 3

compressa, Nonionella......................................... ._____ S3, pi. 3

jamaicensis, Dentalina......................... .................. __ ———— — 12

K 

KanerieUa advena........................................................... 6, pi. 1

laevigata, Entosolenia...-------_—--———..-—.-_————————_____ 87, pi. 4

Fissurina.—.......—.-.- ——.-.—.....——....——-........—...—. __ 27

Lagena acuticosta........................................................... 16, pi. 2

byramensis————————————————————————————————— 27, 57, pi. 5 

byramensis flintii.......................................................... 27

eookei.................................................................. 16, pi. 2

costata................—_-———_--_---..-.——.—-._.———.—. IS, 16, pi. 2

hexagona............................................................ 16, 27, pi. 2

striata mtbstriata...................————————————————. ——... 15

striatopunctata......................................................... 16, pi. 2

substriata...—...............—.....—.—........................ IB, 16, pi. 2

sulcata striatopunctata................ ———— —————— ———————_ 16

vulgaris substriata————————————————————————————————— 15 

Lagenidae-___-__———————————————————————————————- 10 

Lamarckina glabrata........................................................ 57, pi. 5

larvata, PlanorbutineUa....................................................... 47

laticoncava, Flintia......................................................... 10, pi. 1

Lenticulina vicksburgensis..................................................... li

vicksburgensis aperta...................................................... 11

Liebusella byramensis turgida...————————————_————————————— 6, pi. 1 

Limestone member, Mariannalimestone__.-..___.-.-.---__.___..__ i 

lobatula, Planorbulina......................................................... 45

Serpula..--------------------.....— ...- — —— ————— _- — —————— 45

Truncatulina..-............... ——————. ———— — —._ — ——— -_.-_ 45

lobatulus, Cibicides.. _____________--___..——_____-___.- 46, pi. 6

Nautilus..............-———_ ——————————————— ————————— 45

var., Cibicides...-....———————————————_—————_ — __-_—— 46, pi. 6

Nautilus spiralis.......................................................... 45

longiscata, Nodosaria...............~......................................... 13

Lower Oligocene_—....—————————————————————————__. 1

Loxostomum amydalaeformis delicata.......................................... 31

delicatum....————— —— — —— ——————— — ————— SI, pi. 4

hiwanneense.......————————————————————-__ SO, 31, pi. 4

vicksburgense.......-----............................................... 30, pi. 4

M 

macerata, Quinqueloculina crassa..... .................. __- ————————— _ 7, pi. 1

madagascariensis spicata, Buliminella....................................... SB, pi. 4

Marianna limestone. ————————————————— -———————————— 1 

Marginulina sp............................................................ 11, pi. 2

Marl member, Byram formation.. ——————————. — ———— ——-_--.. l

Massilinadecorata---—.-.................—..—..— —.............. 2, 8, pi. 1

occlusa.................................................................... 8

mcglameryae, Quinqueloculina................................... _————— 7, pi. 1

mediterranensis, Planorbulina....... .....— — ___ — _ — -_- — —.--._-- 46, pi. 6

mesonensis, Dentalina-—------------.....-........————— — — — — — — IS, pi. 2

mexicana, Bolivina...........—.....—-..______________.... — ._ 29, pi. 4

Middle Oligocene group.._-...____.-——_...___-_.---__-- 1 

Miliolidae.. ___._.__———————— ——— ————„. — . — —.„.„-. 6

Mint Spring marl member_________-__________._----- 1

minutissima, Nonionella............. __________.__-________ 24, pi. 3

mississippiensis, Alabamina....................................----........ 42, pi. 6

Anomalina.................................__..___.----.---.___ 44

Bolivina............................................................ 28, 29, pi. 4

Cibicides..---.......................................................... 44, pi. 6

Entosolenia............................................................. 27, pi. 4

Spiroplectammina.................................................------ 4, pi. 1

Textularia.--............................................................. 4

alabamensis, Spiroplectammina-........ __________-._.._.... 4, pi. 1

Textularia...—...............--__-_--._..——__________ 4

costifera, Bolivina........._____.___-__.__.__________ 29

Mississippina monsouri-...... ._.._.__—.-.-.—___.........._ 40, pi. 6

Monroe, W. H., cited..————._.————— ———„———- ————— . 1

monroei, Dentalina.-—...—_...______——_——_....__..-.__ -2, pi. 2

monroei, Pyrgo.........—..—..—. _______________._______ 10, pi. 1

Quinqueloculina....-__—___......——..——-„.-..........._._.. 7, pi. 1

monsouri, Mississippina-.-.—..-.-—............——...................... 40, pi. 6

moodysensis, Cassidulina................................................... 48, pi. 6

moresiana, Saracenaria.. ___-__——----—_—----——_----__-- 14, pi. 2

mornhinvegi, Bolivina....................................................... 30, pi. 4

N

Naittilus lobatulus..

spiralis lobatus. 

Nodosaria emaciata.

ewaldi...—...

longiscata-.....

praecatesbyi....

SP------------ —— - ——----------------------------------------------

Nonion advena................................................................

advenum................................................................ 81

advenus...................................................................

afflne.

alabamense............................................................. 28,

danvillense........................................................ _———.

decoratum..... ————————————————————————————————— SI,

planatum..-----.. ———————————— —————————— ———————

vicksburgense.-........................................ ————————.. 22,

Nonionella crassipunctata- _ —— ——————————————— ————————— 

danvittensis......... ._.--_.—— ————————— ————— ————— —

hantkeni byramensis-................................................... 25,

45

45

12

13 

13 

13 

13 

21 

pi. 3

21

22 

pi. 3

22 

pi. 3

22 

pi. 3

23

24

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

21 

21

jacksonensis-...-.-......................—————————————... US, 24,

compressa..............-_.—._——.—.. ————— ———..—— 25,

minutissima............................................................ 24,

oligocenica.................................——.........——..... 23, 84,

pauciloba............................................................... S3,

tatumi................---............................................... 24,

Nonionidae________.---__---___-—_-..._————.——.__....

Nonionina advena—.——— — _-.... —.---.. —._._ —.. ——— — — ———

O 

obtusa, Pulvinulinella.........-............................................... 42

obtusata,Buliminella-................—..................—............... SB, pi.4

occlusa, Massilina............................................................. 8

Spiroloculina.—..—................................................... 8, pi. 1

oligocenica,Nonionella.................................................... 23, 24, pi.3

Reussetta.—............................................................ 52,pi.4

Ophthalmidiidae.——————.—.——————————— — ———— 10

orbignyana, Entosolenia................... —————————————.—————— 27

flintii, Entosolenia...................................................... 87, pi. 4

ouachitaensis, Globigerina..............................-————————————— 43

ovata, Bulimina—....... __——_——.————————————————————— 26

primitiva, Bulimina............... -__—-———-——————————— 26, pi. 4

P 

Palmula caelata.....................................................-——— 14, pi. 2

parva, Rotalia-................ ...................————————— — --—— 40, pi. 5

Rotalia dentata...............................—..........-..--.--.—...... 40

Patellina advena............................................................ SB, pi. 5

pauciloba, Nonionella......————————————————- —— ————— -- 23, pi. 3

paucttocula, Valvulineria.....-....-----..---.--------------------------------- 41

pauciloculatus, Cancris.................... ——————————————.———— 41

pauperata, Polymorphina.....——............................................. 19

peroblonga, TrUoculina...................................................... 9, pi. 1

planatum, Nonion...............—........................................... 22

plano-convexa, Cibicides.............................—....................... 46

plano-convexus, Cibicides———————————————————————————. 48, pi. 6

Planorbulina farcta———————————————————————————————— 45

lobatula..............................————.——————————————— 45

mediterranensis.—.....................................—.......... —— 46> pi. 6
INDEX 52

Planorbulinella larsata. _________-___.-.-_______. ___ __.

Planorbulinidae.__________-..-__..________._._

Pleurostomella vicksburgensis- __-.--___________---___........

Polymorphina advena—.........___—————.-_---__.______ SO,

australis- _-____.______---...____.....____...__....

amygdaloides....—..........................—..................... .......

terquemiana.—__.___---- — ——.._..._.____._____..___-

byramensis..__._-.._____..-.-_____....________________

costata...-....-.-------------...___-.__..___......_-._........

frondea...................--------——————..____._____.. SO,

globosa.—..- __________-_____..--..-___________

hirsuta___ .____....__________.:__..________..___.

pauperata.... _.---.-_—.----.--.. — ————...--.___....___..

reglna—..... __.._____-.-_-_...--—— --._-.____....__.____

rutua-.—............................................................

rugosa.

undulosa.......-...........—-....-- — -...-__....____-_-_.--__-_

(Globulina) costata.- _______... ——______._____....

striata-.---------.-. --_-_-_-.-,--. —— ——— ———.____--..-....

Polymorphinidae————.—_...--.————..——.___...._..._.__

praecatesbyi, Dentalina.. ________________________-... IS,

Nodosaria—..... .———.———.— ——————__--...__.___.....

primitiva, Bulimina ovata______.-.--—-..-.-_._......_._._.. 26,

problema, Quttullna..-...... ..___.__.._______._...._.__. 17,

Pseudoglandulina sp..._________———__._____ _ _._____ 14, 

Pseudopolymorphina rutila... ___..... —..—....__..--.-....._.... 19,

pseudoinvolvens, Dentalina—...........-. ——— _..-._.___..__._.. 13,

pseudoungeriana, Truncatulina____...___________....._..__

pseudoungerianus, Cibicides...... .. ——————. —..-——--...___...._ 46,

pulchra, Sigmomorphina—...—-....—————--.-.._.._____________ SO,

Pullenia alazanensis.....................———____.________.... 43,

Pulvinulina advena.....—_—____———..________._______

byramensis—... .—._...-....._———_—.----_-._________...

glabrata........—-._________—..------___.....__________

sagra.

Pulvinulinetta obtusa..._________...__.._________

punctata, Globulina-. _...._________ —— _---.--_-___....._........

Globulina gibba....._.___....---.__..____..__. 17, 18, 

Pyrgo byramensis..—-.—. —.——_ — ——— ——— —...__.._......... 10,

monroei......-...-------_..___...—......___..___.___ 10,

Pyrulina aequalis_.________.........._____________ __ 19,

albatrossi.......... .________——__ — __.___________ .78,

vicksburgensis-..........--____..——————_._____..........

quadricosta, Bolwina—........_____——__..________..___ SO,

Q 

Quinqueloculina bicostata....................___.______._______ 7

byramensis———————----------- ————————..-..___......... 6, 7, pl. 1

contorta....—........................____________________ 7,10

cookei—.........-.------..-.--.--. .----_---.-.-.--._____.___ 6, 8, pi. 1

crassa.....____-.-..-_____--.______.._____.__. 7

macerata. _____....._..____-____________...... 7, pi. 1

————--—_.___.——- — — --___.____„_____.—-- 7, pi. 1

47 

46 

30

pi. 3 

17 

19 

19 

16 

18

pi. 3 

18

18

19

17

19

18

18

19 

18 

18 

16

pi. 2 

13

pi. 4 

pi. 3 

pi. 2 

pi. 3 

pi. 2 

46

pi. 6

pi. 3

pi. 6

41

38

37

41

42 

17

pi. 3 

pl.l 

pl.l 

pi. 3 

pi. 3 

19 

pi. 4

fulgida

glabrata. ..........................................____________ 8, pi. 1

mcglameryae————————.—.————————————.„._______.. 7, pi. 1 

monroei........ __________————.„._____________ 7, pi. 1

tesselata. 

cenusta..

6, 8, pi. 1

R

Ramulinaglobulifera.. _____.______________________... SI, 

Red Bluff clay.—-.-.....-_--------------__- ———...................

regina, Polymorphina.......----------- —————....-_.._._...._.._

rutila, Polymorphina-________.__.._____..____....__ 

Reussetta byramensis.- ______--..___________-._._...__... $8,

oligocenica........—...........................—......... .____.__ ss,

Robertina angusta...-........____...—..—___.....___.____ us,

robertsi, Bulimina-.--——__..___...——-...______........._.

Buliminella.......................... ___________________ us,

Robulus alato-limbatus—_________--.__------_________.. 11,

vicksburgensis.-......—..____._—__.____________ 10, 46,

aperta......—...................................................... 11,

Rotalia byramensis...-___'....................___..........._..... S9,

dentata.....„...———__..____..___._______________

parva. 

indsura...

parva..............................................................—... 40,

vicksburgensis-.—......................._________________

Rotaliidae______._.__.____---_-.-.-..-..__...__._......

Rotalina ungeriana___________________________......

rugoplicata, Angulogerina._____ ______ _______________ 54, 

rugosa, Globulina- _________________________„....._........

Polymorphina____________.___________________

, pl.3 

1

17 

19

, pi. 4

, pl. 4

pi. 4

26

pl. 4 

pl. 2 

pl. 2 

pl. 2 

,pl. 3 

39,40 

40

,pl.5 

pl. 5 

38 

34 

46

pl.4 

18 

18

rutila, Polymorphina regina... ——————— — —... —————— ———————— 19

Pseudopolymorphina- __.--_________...——————————— 19, pl. 3

sagra, Pulvinulina__.___.___..__..—.———————————————————————— 41

Samples, collecting...___.. — ——— —————.- —— --- — -- ————— --.- 1 

Saracenaria moresiana............. _-._.——... ——— ———————— --— 14, pl- 2

sculpturata, Triloculina...................————...—...................... 9, pl. 1

Valvuttneria............................................................ 38, pl. 5

semitecta terquemiana, Sigmomorphina—————————— —— ———————— 19, pl. 3 

Serpula lobatula............. ____-----.-..——————————————————— 45

Sigmomorphina pulchra......_.—.-.-----------.------.-.--.---—.....----- SO, pl. 3

semitecta terquemiana----------..................----------------------- 19, pl. 3

trilocularis-......... .........—.—„.—.—.——.——————..———— 20

undulosa..... ______..————— — ——— ————————— ————— 19, pl. 3

williamsonL.—.......................................__..._- — - 20, pl. 3

(biphoguadryina) glabrata, Guadryina.-.- _.__...—————.—.—————— 5, pl. 1 

youngi, Guadryina—.....................................—............. 5, pl. 1

siphonifera, Tertularia.......-———————— ———— ———————— ————— 5

Siphonina advena______-.——————— — —— ---- — --.———.—— 40,41, pl. 5

Siphoninella byramensis- _______.__.____—__—-——————— 41, pl. 5 

soluta, Dentalina. ___________....._—————_———-—————— IS, pl. 2

spicaeformis australis, Guttulina.-....................... —— ———————— 17, pl. 3

spicata, Buhminella madagascariensis. ____________..-____--— SB, pl. 4 

spinosa, Polymorphina---...-.... . ——————————— —— ——— ———————— 18

spiralis lobatus, Nautilus..._ —— — ——— --- ————— -- —— ———————— 45 

spirata, Globigerina- -..............——--_.-. —.- ———————————— ——— 43

Spirillina subdecorata... .____.._.._____———. ——.. ——— —.. SB, pl. 5

vicksburgensis---.......... —-———————————————————————— 54, pl. 5

Spiroloculina grateloupi—.—........-........................................ 8

occlusa...--------------------- — ——— ——— —————— ————————8, pl. 1

Spiroloculina spissa.-.-..... _...__-...._.....——————————————8, pl. 1

Spiroplectammina alabamensis-.....---------------- _-..——-.__..———— 4

howei.-..-..-.- -___-_____-------------.----— —————— ——————— 4, pl. 1

mississippiensis. ———...———————— —— ————'.————————— 4» pl. 1 

alabamensis..............-------- ——————. —— —— ——— ——— 4, pl. 1

spissa, Nonwnella hantkeni....————————...... —..-- — ——. — —— SS, pl. 3

Spiroloculina—___.__——————————————————————————— 8, pl. 1 

squamosa hetagona, Entosoienia.. —————— ——— — —————— —————— 16

Stratigraphic section, Burke Creek...___________________—.... 2

Gulf and Ship Island Railroad cut.-----------—.„—.....—.—....— 3

Mint Spring Bayou____.__...___________—_...—————— 2 

Richland Creek.__......__...____.__.__.___._——— 3

Robinson quarry._____————————.———.—————————————— 3 

striata, Globulina gibba..................................................__ 18, pl. 8

Polymorphina (Globulina)................................................. 13

striata substriata, Lagena.__—,.— —————— ———————————————— 15 

striatopunctata, Lagena..................................................... 16, pl. 2

Lagena sulcata.............--------........_——.————————————— 16

subacuta, Asterigerina-......... ____________----------_....—— 4&, pl. 6

subaraucana, Discorbis___________________.__.._...———— 56, pl. 5 

subdecorata, Spirillina................... _________________—— SB, pl. 5

subylobosa, Discorbis_____________________________——. SB, pl. 5 

subhauerri, Textularia-...........„„._—..——...———————————— 6, pl. 1

submamiUigera, Cristellaria.—......... —— ——————— ————— ——————— 11

subpectinuta, BolisineUa___——————.. ———.—————————————— SS, pl. 4 

substriata, Lagena....- __________________________— IB, 16, pl. 2

Lagena itriata——... ..__——————————————————————————— 15

Lagena vulgaris...... ___..______.______________———— 15

subteres, Buliminella...........—————-—————.—.———————— 26

angusta, Buliminetta......——————————————————————————— 26

sulcata striatopunctata, Lagena.. —————— ———————————————————— 16

T 

tatumi,Nonionella...............——..———————............... £{»pl< 3

tentoria, Discorbis- _______________________________—— SB, pl. 5 

terquemiana, Polymorphina amygdaloides...................................... 19

Sigmomorphina semitecta...———————————.———————.._—— 19, pl. 3 

tesselata, Quinqueloculina.. —————————————————————————————— 7 

Textularia adalta................—......._________________... 5,6, pl. I

foliium...................... ——————————————————————————— 25

mississippiensis................................................————— 4

alabamensis........................................................... 4

siphonifera..—....—.—.———————————————————————————— 5

subhauerii............—.........——.....———..................—— S, pl. 1

tumidula...............——————————————————————.————— 4.5

tumidulum....................---------.................... ____———. 4

Textulariidae..-...----.-.--..—.---———————.—————————...—— 4

thalmanni, Baggina. ______——.———————_...________——— 41 

tortuosa, Bolivina.—————————. ——————— ——————————————— SO, pl. 4 

trilocularis, Sigmomorphina.................................................... 20

Triloculina architectura.........——————————————————_.__—— 10, pl. 1

byramensis.———..—————..—......—.......—......——.—..... 9, pl. 1

peroblonga.............................................................. 9, pl. I

sculpturata.—. ___.._—————————————————————————— 9, pl. 1
53 INDEX

Truncatutina americana .. 

lobatula ... .......... .

pseudoungeriana... .. 

ungeriana ... ...... ...

tuberculatae, Hammoniae .

....... .. ................... .......... .... . .... 44

.................... ................ ______ 45

.................... ...................... . .... 46

....... ... ........ .... ... .......... ... . ........ 46

... ....... . ...... ..... ... ...... ________ . 45

Tvhulogenerina aperta..... .... .................. .. ... _ _ __ ________ 31

vicksburgensis . .... ........ ..... ... .......... ..... . ............ ........ . 32, pi. 4

tumidula, Textularia... ... ...................... ...... ............ ..... ... .... 4,5

tumidulum, Textularia.. ........... ......... . ... ............ ........ ... ....... 4

turgida, Clavulina byramensis ............. ... . ......... ................. ....... 6

Liebusella byramensis.. ...... ..................... .... ... ............... 6, pi. 1

Turriiina alsatica... ... ..... ... ............. ... ...... ... ... ................... 26

U

undulosa, Polymorphina... .... .... ... .... ...... ........ ... .... . ... .. ..... . .... 19

Sigmomorphina.... ........ . ___ -- _ . _ -- ______________ 19, pi. 3

ungeriana, Rotalina.... ....... ....... ... ...... .. .... .. .... .......... ...... .... 46

Truncatulina.. ...... . .............................. ... ................... 46

Uvigerina byramensis.— .. .... .... ... ... . ... ..... . ...... ... ..... ......... .... . 33

canariensis australis... ..... ...... .......... ........... . ___ __ ___ . 34

cicksburgensis. ................................... .. .... .............. 2,33, pi. 4

sp- — ————— —————— ————— —— ——— — S3, pi. 4

Valvulineria paucilocula....................................................... 41

sculpturata........................................_.___________ 38, pi. 5

Valvulinidae____________________________________ 6

varians, Olobulina............................................................. 19

venusta, Qumqueloculina.............................................. .,____ 6

Verneuilinidae.—___.-_-___-_____.__-_______....__ 5

Vertebralina advena........................................................... 9

vicktburgerise, Chrysalogonium.............................................. IS, pi. 2

Loxostomum....................__-....—.________...__... SO, pi. 4

Nonion................................................................ 02, pi. 3

vicksburgensis, Angulogenerina............................................. 34, pi. 4

Anomatina............................................................... 46

Bifarina............................................................... 31, pi. 4

vkksburgensis, Bitvhulogenerina............................................. S2, pi. 4

Bolivina.................................................................. 31

BolivineUa............................................................. 25, pi. 4

Cancris................................................................ 41, pi. 5

Cibicides........................................——....—...——.... 46

Cristellaria................................................................ 10

Eponides.-----........................................................ 39, pi. 5

FlabeHina~————.—————..- ———--———-——-—.— 14

Oyroidina.............................................................. 38, pi. 5

Heronallenia........................................................... 37, pi. 5

Lenticulina............................................................... 11

Pleurostomella............................—.............................. 30

Pyrulina.................................................................. 19

Quinqueloculina....................................................... 6,8, pi. 1

Robulus...-----—--------—----—--------—---—--—-—-—--—..... 10, pi. 2

Rotalia.............................................—......—........... 38,46

Spirillina—........................................................... 34, pi. 5

Tubulogenerina........................................................ 32, pi. 4

Uvigerina.............................................................. S3, pi. 4

Virgulina-............................................................. 28, pi. 4

cicksburgensis aperta, Cristellaria................. ————————————————— 11

Lenticulina......................, ........................................ 11

Robulus............................................................... 11, pi. 2

Virgulina vicksburgensis.................................................... 28, pi. 4

sp........................................................................ 28

vulgaris substriata, Lagena..................................................... 15

W 

wilcoxensis, Albabamina....................................................... 42

williamsoni, Sigmomorphina................................................ HO, pi. 3

xenoula, Baggina......................................................_—— tf, pi. 5

youngi, Oaudryina......................................................——.

Oaudryina (Siphogaudryina)............................................. 5, pi.

o



PLATES 1-6
PLATE 1

FIGURE 1. Spiroplectammina mississippiensis (Cushman) Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47516. Sample 2. X 50. (p. 4) 

2. Spiropleciammina mississippiensis (Cushman) Cushman and Todd var. alabamensis (Cushman) Cushman and Herrick.

Cushman Coll. 47681. Sample 662-7. X 50. (p. 4) 

3, 4. Spiroplectammina howei Stuckey. Cushman Coll. 47611. Sample 757-2b. X 50. (p. 4)

5. Textularia subhauerii Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47694. Sample 545-7. X 50. (p. 5)

6. Textularia adalta Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47613. Sample 757-4. X 50. (p. 5)

7. Gaudryina (Siphogaudryina) youngi Howe. Cushman Coll. 47585. Sample 521-14. X 50. (p. 5)

8. Gaudryina (Siphogaudryina) glabrata (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47586. Sample 521-14. X 50. (p. 5)

9. Karreriella advena (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47614. Sample 757-4. a, Side view; 6, apertural view. X 50. 

(P. 6)

10. Liebusella byramensis (Cushman) Cushman var. turgida (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47634. Sample 757-15.

X 30. (p, 6)

11, 12. Quinqueloculina cookei Cushman. 11, Adult. Cushman Coll. 47615. Sample 757-4. X 50; 12, Young. Cushman 

Coll. 47529. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 6)

13. Quinqueloculina vicksburgensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47616. Sample 757-4. X 50. (p. 6)

14. Quinqueloculina byramensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47555. Sample 20. X 65. (p. 6)

15. Quinqueloculina mcglameryae Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47521. Sample 3. X 65. (p. 7)

16. Quinqueloculina crassa D'Orbigny var. macerata Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47587. Sample 521-14. X 50. 

(P. 7)

17. Quinqueloculina monroei Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47530. Sample lib. X 50. (p. 7)

18. Quinqueloculina fulgida Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47517. Sample 2. Holotype, a, side view; 6, apertural view. X 50.

(P. 7)

19, 20. Quinqueloculina glabrata Cushman. 19, Cushman Coll. 47518. Sample 2; 20, Cushman Coll. 47545. Sample 14. X 50. 

(P. 8)

21. Massilina decorata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47617. Sample 757-4. X 65. (p. 8)

22. Spiroloculina spissa Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47623. Sample 757-8. X 65. (p. 8)

23. Spiroloculina occlusa (Cushman) Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47531. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 8)

24. Triloculina sculplurata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47550. Sample 17. X 65. (p. 9)

25. Triloculina byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47534. Sample lib. X 50. (p. 9)

26. Triloculina peroblonga Cushman, juv. Cushman Coll. 47546. Sample 14. X 65. (p. 9)

27. Articulina advena (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47533. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 9)

28. Articulina byramensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47532. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 9)

29. Pyrgo byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47619. Sample 757-4. a, Front view; 6, apertural view. X 50. 

(P. 10)

30. Pyrgo monroei Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. .47556.. Sample 20. a, Front view; 6, side view. X 50. (p. 10)

31. Flintia laticoncava Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47624. Sample 757-8. X 50. (p, 10)

32. Cornuspira byramensis Cushmatu Cushman Coll. 47620. Sample 757-4. X 65. (p. 10)

33. Triloculina architectura Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47618. Sample 757-4. Holotype, a, side view; 6, apertural view. 

X 50. (p. 10)
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241 PLATE 1

33a

TEXTULARIIDAE, VERNEEILINIDAE, VALVULINIDAE, 

MILIOLIDAE, OPTHALMIDIIDAE
PLATE 2

FIGURE 1, 2. Robulus vicksburgensis (Cushman) Ellisor. 1, Cushman Coll. 47621. Sample 757-4; 2, Cushman Coll. 47625. 

Sample 757-8. X 50. (p. 10)

3. Robulus vicksburgensis (Cushman) Ellisor var. aperta (Cushman) Todd. Cushman Coll. 47569. Sample 521-6. 

X 50. (p. 11)

4. Robulus cf. R. alato-limbatus (Giimbel) Howe and Wallace. Cushman Coll. 47570. Sample 521-6. X 50. (p. 11)

5. Marginulina sp. Cushman Coll. 47571. Sample 521-6. X 65. (p. 11)

6.. Dentalina monroei Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47540. Sample 13. Holotype. X 65. (p. 12)

7. Dentalina hantkeni Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47649. Sample 662—4. X 65. (p. 12)

8. Dentalina badenensis D'Orbigny. Cushman Coll. 47541. Sample 13. X 50. (p. 12)

9. Dentalina soluta Reuss. Cushman Coll. 47650. Sample 662-4. X 65. (p. 13)

10. Dentalina mesonensis Cole and Gillespie. Cushman Coll. 47527. Sample 6. X 65. (p. 12) 

11, 12. Dentalina emaciata Reuss. 11, Cushman Coll. 47572. Sample 521-6; 12, Cushman Coll. 47542. Sample 13.

X 65. (p. 13) 

13—15. Chrysalogonium vicksburgense Todd, n. sp. Sample 662—5. 13, Cushman Coll. 47658. Holotype, apertural end.

X 65; 14, 15, Cushman Coll. 47659. Paratypes. X 50. (p. 13)

16. Pseudoglandulina sp. Cushman Coll. 47524. Sample 4. X 65. (p. 14)

17. Saracenaria moresiana Howe and Wallace. Cushman Coll. 47522. Sample 3. a, Oblique side view; 6, edge view. 

X 50. (p. 14)

18. Frondicularia garretti Cushman, juv. Cushman Coll. 47573. Sample 521-6. X 65. (p. 14)

19. Palmula caelata (Cushman) Israelsky. Cushman Coll. 47641. Sample 757-16. X 65. (p. 14)

20. Lagena hexagona (Williamson) Siddall. Cushman Coll. 47543. Sample 13. X 65. (p. 16)

21. Lagena substriata Williamson. Cushman Coll. 47574. Sample 521-6. X 65. (p. 15)

22. Lagena acuticosta Reuss. Cushman Coll. 47560. Sample 521-1. X 65. (p. 16)

23. Lagena costata (Williamson) Reuss. Cushman Coll. 47692. Sample 545-2. X 65. (p. 15)

24. Lagena cookei Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47599. Sample 521-15. X 65. (p. 16)

25. Lagena striatopunctata Parker and Jones. Cushman Coll. 47602. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 16)

26. Dentalina praecatesbyi (Cushman and Todd) Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47548. Sample 15. X 30. 

(P. 13)

27. Dentalina pseudoinvolvens Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47523. Sample 4. X 65. (p. 13)
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241 PLATE 2

20

LAGENIDAE
PLATE 3

FIGURE. 1. Guttulina byramensis (Cushman) Howe. Cushman Coll. 47660. Sample 662-5. X 50. (p. 16)

2. Guttulina problema D'Orbigny. Cushman Coll. 47563. Sample 521-4. X 50. (p. 17)

3. Guttulina spicaeformis (Roemer) Cushman and Ozawa var. australis (D'Orbigny) Cushman and Ozawa. Cushman 

Coll. 47549. Sample 15. X 50. (p. 17)

4. Globulina gibba D'Orbigny. Cushman Coll. 47661. Sample 662-5. X 30. (p. 17)

5. Globulina gibba D'Orbigny var. punclata D'Orbigny. Cushman Coll. 47626. Sample 757-8. X 50. (p. 17)

6. Globulina gibba D'Orbigny var. striata Egger. Cushman Coll. 47519. Sample 2. X 50. (p. 18)

7. Globulina alabamensis Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47662. Sample 662-5. X 30. (p. 18)

8. Globulina fimbriata Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47588. Sample 521-14. X 65. (p. 18)

9. Pyrulina albatrossi Cushman and Ozawa. Cushman Coll. 47544. Sample 13. X 50. (p. 18)

10. Pyrulina aequalis Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47663. Sample 662-5. Holotype. X 50. (p. 19)

11. Sigmomorphina semitecta (Reuss) Cushman and Ozawa var. terquemiana (Fornasini) Cushman and Ozawa. Cushman 

Coll. 47651. Sample 662-4. X 50. (p. 19)

12. Sigmomorphina undulosa (Terquem) Cushman and Ozawa. Cushman Coll. 47604. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 19)

13. Sigmomorphina pulchra Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47664. Sample 662-5. Holotype. X 50. (p. 20)

14. Sigmomorphina cf. S. wittiamsoni (Terquem) Cushman and Ozawa. Cushman Coll. 47627. Sample 757-8. X 65. (p. 20)

15. Polymorphina frondea (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47666. Sample 662-5. X 65. (p. 20)

16. Pseudopolymorphina rutila (Cushman) Cushman and Ozawa. Cushman Coll. 47603. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 19)

17. Polymorphina advena Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47665. Sample 662-5. X 65 (p. 20)

18. Ramulina globulifera H. B. Brady. Cushman Coll. 47642. Sample 757-16. X 50. (p. 21)

19. Nonion decoratum Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47685. Sample 662-13. a, Side view; b, peripheral 

view. X 65. (p. 21)

20. Nonion advenum (Cushman) Howe. Cushman Coll. 47553. Sample 18. a, Side view; b, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 21)

21. Nonion vicksburgense Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47652. Sample 662-4. Holotype, a, side view; 6, peripheral 

view. X 65. (p. 22)

22. Nonion alabamense Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47589. Sample 521-14. a, Side view; b, peripheral view. 

X 50. (p. 22)

23. Nonionella hantkeni (Cushman and Applin) Cushman var. spissa Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47590. Sample 521-14. 

a, Dorsal view; 6, ventral view; c, peripheral view. X 50. (p. 22)

24. Nonionella hantkeni (Cushman and Applin) Cushman var. byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47591. 

Sample521-14. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view; c, peripheral view. X 50. (p. 23)

25. Nonionella jacksonensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47628. Sample 757-8. a, Ventral view; 6, peripheral view. X 65. 

(p. 23)

26. Nonionella jacksonensis Cushman var. compressa Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47561. Sample 521-1. a, 

Dorsal view; 6, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 23)

27. Nonionella oligocenica Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47668. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, peripheral 

view. X 65. (p. 24)

28. Nonionella pauciloba Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47667. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, peripheral view. X 66. 

(p. 23)

29. Nonionella tatumi Howe. Cushman Coll. 47669. Sample 662-5. a, Ventral view; 6, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 24)

30. Nonionella minutissima Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47612. Sample 757-2b. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view; c, 

peripheral view. X 65. (p. 24)
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241 PLATE 3

20a

21a 21b 22a 22b

25a 25b 26a 26b

24a ~ 24c 24b

27a 27b 28b 28a 29a 29b 

POLYMORPHINIDAE, NONIONIDAE
PLATE 4

FIGURE 1. Gumbelina cubensis Palmer. Cushman Coll. 47592. Sample 521-14. X 65. (p. 24)

2. Bolivinella subpectinata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47535. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 25)

3. Bolivinella vicksburgensis Howe. Cushman Coll. 47536. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 25)

4. Amphimorphina sp. Cushman Coll. 47564. Sample 521-4. X 65. (p. 25)

5. Buliminella obtusata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47622. Sample 757-4. X 65. (p. 25)

6. Buliminella madagascariensis (D'Orbigny) Cushman and Parker var. spicata Cushman and Parker. Cushman Coll. 

45747. Sample 14. X 65. (p. 25)

7. Buliminella robertsi (Howe and Ellis) Martin. Cushman Coll. 47528. Sample 9. X 65. (p. 26)

8. Robertina angusta (Cushman) Cushman and Parker. Cushman Coll. 47557. Sample 20. X 65. (p. 26) 

9-11. Bulimina ovata D'Orbigny var. primitiva Todd, n. var. Sample 4. 9, Cushman Coll. 47525. Holotype, a, front view; 

b, apertural view; 10, 11, Cushman Coll. 47526. Paratypes. X 65. (p. 26)

12. Bulimina byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47600. Sample 521-15. X 65. (p. 26)

13. Bulimina sp. Cushman Coll. 47682. Sample 662-9. X 65. (p. 27)

14. Entosolenia mississippiensis Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47670. Sample 662-5. Holotype, a, front view; b, apertural 

view. X 65. (p. 27)

15. Entosolenia crumenata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47653. Sample 662-4. a, Front view; b, apertural view. X 65. 

'?• 27)

16. Entosolenia laevigata (Reuss) Cushman and McGlamery? Cushman Coll. 47633. Sample 757-12. X 65. (p. 27)

17. Entosolenia byramensis (Cushman) Todd. Cushman Coll. 47565. Sample 521-4. X 65. (p. 27) 

18, 19. Entosolenia orbignyana (Seguenza) H. B. Brady var. flintii (Cushman) Howe. Cushman Coll. 47575. Sample 521-6.

X 65. (p.27) 

20, 21. Virgulina vicksburgensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47593. Sample 521-14. X 65. (p. 28)

22. Bolivina byramensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47683. Sample 662-11. X 65. (p. 28)

23. Bolivina mississippiensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47582. Sample 521-12. X 65. (p. 28)

24. Bolivina costifera Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47671. Sample 662-5. X 65. (p. 29)

25. Bolivina choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47672. Sample 662-5. X 65. (p. 29)

26. Bolivina cookei Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47576. Sample 521-6. X 65. (p. 29)

27. Bolivina mexicana Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47554. Sample 18. X 65. (p. 29)

28, 29. Bolivina quadricosta Cushman and McGlamery. 28, Cushman Coll. 47566. Sample 521-4; 29, Cushman Coll. 47581. 

Sample 521-10. X 65. (p. 30)

30. Bolivina mornhinvegi Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47551.' Sample 17. X 65. (p. 30)

31. Loxostomum vicksburgense (Howe) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47594. Sample 521-14. X 65. (p. 30)

32. Loxostomum hiwanneense Howe. Cushman Coll. 47605. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 30)

33. Loxostomum delicatum Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47643. Sample 757-16. X 65. (p. 31)

34. Bifarina vicksburgensis (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47684. Sample 662-11. X 65. (p. 31)

35. Bolivina tortuosa H. B. Brady. Cushman Coll. 47686. Sample 662-13. X 65. (p. 30)

36. Bitubulogenerina hiwanneensis Howe. Cushman Coll. 47636. Sample 757-15. X 65. (p. 32)

37. Bitubulogenerina aperta (Cushman) Howe. Cushman Coll. 47635. Sample 757-15. X 65. (p. 31)

38. Bitubulogenerina howei Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47606. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 32)

39. Tubulogenerina vicksburgensis Howe. Cushman Coll. 47583. Sample 521-13. X 65. (p. 32)

40. Reussella byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47629. Sample 757-8. X 65. (p. 32)

41. Reussella oligocenica Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47630. Sample 757-8. X 65. (p. 32)

42. Uvigerina sp. Cushman Coll. 47607. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 33) 

43-46. Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) Ellisor. 43, 44, Cushman Coll. 47637. Sample 757-15; 45, 46, Cushman Coll.

47608. Sample 757-2a. X 65. (p. 33) 

47, 48. Uvigerina vicksburgensis Cushman and Ellisor. Cushman Coll. 47654. Sample 662-4. X 50. (p. 33)

49. Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) Ellisor var. fera Todd, n. var. Cushman Coll. 47609. Sample 757-2a. Holotype, 

a, side view; b, apertural view. X 65. (p. 33)

50. Angulogerina byramensis (Cushman) Ellisor var. anfracta Todd, n. var. Cushman Coll. 47584. Sample 521-13. Holotype, a, side view; b, apertural view. X 65. (p. 34)

51. Angulogerina hispidula Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47638. Sample 757-15. X 65. (p. 34)

52. Angulogerina rugoplicata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47595. Sample 521-14. X 65. (p. 34)

53. Angulogerina vicksburgensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47644. Sample 757-16. X 65. (p. 34)
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241 PLATE 4

HETEROHELICIDAE, BULIM1NIDAE
PLATE 5

FIGURE 1. Spirillina vicksburgensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47552. Sample 17. X 65. (p. 34)

2. Spirillina subdecorata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47537. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 35)

3. Patellina advena Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47538. Sample lib. X 65. (p. 35)

4. Discorbis tentoria Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47596. Sample 521-14. Holotype, a, dorsal view; b, ventral view; 

c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 35)

5. Discorbis alabamensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47639. Sample 757-15. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(P- 36)

6. Discorbis arcuato-costata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47645. Sample 757-16. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(p. 35)

7. Discorbis subaraucana Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47597. Sample 521-14. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(p. 36)

8. Discorbis farishi Cushman and Ellisor. Cushman Coll. 47693. Sample 545-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(p. 36)

9. Discorbis subglobosa Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47631. Sample 757-8. X 65. (p. 35)

10. Discorbis byramensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47632. Sample 757-8. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65 

(p. 36)

11. Heronallenia vicksburgensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47567. Sample 521-4. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(p. 37)

12. Baggina xenoula Hadley. Cushman Coll. 47577. Sample 521-6. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. (p. 41)

13. Valvulineria sculpturata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47687. Sample 662-13. a, Dorsal view; b, peripheral view. X 65. 

(p. 38)

14. Eponides vicksburgensis Cushman and Ellisor. Cushman Coll. 47601. Sample 521-15. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. 

X 65. (p. 39)

15. Eponides alabamensis Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47688. Sample 662-13. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral, 

view. X 65. (p. 39)

16. Eponides byramensis (Cushman) Howe. Cushman Coll. 47676. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 50. 

(p. 38)

17. Gyroidina vicksburgensis (Cushman) Howe. Cushman Coll. 47562. Sample 521-1. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view? 

c, peripheral view. X 50. (p. 38)

18. Gyroidina byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47675. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view; 

c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 38)

19. Lamarckina glabrata (Cushman) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47673. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view; 

c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 37)

20. Lamarckina byramensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47674. Sample 662-15. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view;

c, peripheral view. X 50. (p. 37)

21, 22. Rolalia byramensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47598. Sample 521-14. 21, Ventral view. X 65; 22, Dorsal view. 

X 50. (p. 39)

23. Siphonina advena Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47655. Sample 662-4. Ventral view. X 65. (p. 40)

24. Siphoninella byramensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47677. Sample 662-5. Ventral view. X 65. (p. 41)

25. Rotalia incisura Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47558. Sample 20. Holotype, a, dorsal view; b, ventral view; c, peripheral 

view. X 65. (p. 39)

26. Rotalia parva Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47520. Sample 2. Dorsal view. X 65. (p. 40)
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241 PLATE 5

4b * 4c — 4a 5b 5a

6a

7a 7b 8a

10b ~ 10a Ha lib

12b

ett

12a 13a 13b

I4a 15b 15a

I6b I6a

17b 17c ^"^ 17a 18b 

t

18c 18a

19a tf19c 19b

21

20a 20c 20b

24

22

23 25a 25c 25b 26

KOTALJIDAE
PLATE 6

FIGUKE 1. Cancris vicksburgensis Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47579. Sample 521-8. Holotype, a, dorsal view; b, ventral view; 

c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 41)

2. Asterigerina subacuta Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47559. Sample 20. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. (p. 42)

3. Cassidulina moodysensis Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47610. Sample 757-2a. Ventral view. X 65. (p. 43)

4. Cassidulinoides compacta Cushman and Ellisor. Cushman Coll. 47578. Sample 521-6. Dorsal view. X 65. (p. 43)

5. Asterigerina bracteata Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47678. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(p. 42)

6. Mississippina monsouri Howe. Cushman Coll. 47640. Sample 757-15. Ventral view. X 65. (p. 40)

7. Globigerina sp. B. Cushman Coll. 47568. Sample 521-4. a. Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 50. (p. 43)

8. Alabamina mississippiensis Todd, n. sp. Cushman Coll. 47646. Sample 757-16. Holotype, a, dorsal view; b, 

ventral view; c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 42)

9. Globigerina sp. A. Cushman Coll. 47679. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. (p. 43)

10. Cibiddes choctawensis Cushman and McGlamery. Cushman Coll. 47680. Sample 662-5. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral 

view. X 65. (p. 44)

11. Pullenia alazanensis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47648. Sample 662-2. a, Side view; b, peripheral view. X 65. 

(p. 43)

12. Anomalina bilateralis Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47656. Sample 662-4. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. 

(p. 44)

13. Cibiddes mississippiensis (Cushman) Ellisor. Cushman Coll. 47689. Sample 662-13. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral 

view; c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 44)

14. Cibiddes hazzardi Ellis. Cushman Coll. 47539. Sample lib. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral view. X 65. (p. 44)

15. Cibiddes pseudoungerianus (Cushman) Cole and Gillespie. Cushman Coll. 47647. Sample 757-16. a, Dorsal view; 

b, ventral view. X 65. (p. 46)

16. Cibiddes plano-convexus Cushman and Todd. Cushman Coll. 47691. Sample 662—13. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral 

view; c, peripheral view. X 65. (p. 46)

17. Cibiddes lobatidus (Walker and Jacob) Cushman var. Cushman Coll. 47580. Sample 521-9. a, Dorsal view; b, 

ventral view. X 65. (p. 46)

18. Planorbulina mediterranensis D'Orbigny. Cushrnan Coll. 47657. Sample 662—4. a, Dorsal view: b, ventral view. 

X 65. (p. 46)

19. Cibiddes lobatulus (Walker and Jacob) Cushman. Cushman Coll. 47690. Sample 662-13. a, Dorsal view; b, ventral 

view. X 65. (p. 45)
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 241 PLATE 6

19a

ROTALIIDAE, AMPHISTEGINIDAE, CASSIDULINIDAE, 

CHILOSTOMELLIDAE, GLOBIGERINIDAE, ANOMALINIDAE, PLANORBULINIDAE