### BOARD MEETING DATE: March 6 , 2015 AGENDA NO. 1

MINUTES: Governing Board Monthly Meeting

SYNOPSIS: Attached are the Minutes of the February 6 , 2015 meeting

.

RECOMMENDED ACTION:
Approve Minutes of the February 6 , 2015 Board Meeting

.

Saundra McDaniel

, Clerk of the Boards

SM: dgFRIDAY, FEBRUARY 6 , 2015

Notice having been duly given, the regular meeting of the South Coast Air Quality Management District Board was held at District Headquarters, 21865 Copley Drive, Diamond Bar, California. Members present:

William A. Burke, Ed.D., Chairman Speaker of the Assembly Appointee

Mayor Dennis R. Yates, Vice Chairman Cities of San Bernardino County

Mayor Michael D. Antonovic h (arrived at 9:25 a.m. and left at 11:50 a.m. ) County of Los Angeles

Mayor Ben Benoit Cities of Riverside County

Supervisor John J. Benoit County of Riverside

Councilmember Michael A. Cacciotti Cities of Los Angeles County

– Eastern Region

Dr. Joseph K. Lyou Governor’s Appointee

Councilmember Judith Mitchell Cities of Los Angeles County

– Western Region

Supervisor Shawn Nelson County of Orange

Dr. Clark E. Parker , Sr. Senate Rules Committee Appointee

Mayor Miguel A. Pulido (left at 9:45 a.m.) Cities of Orange County

Supervisor Janice Rutherford County of San Bernardino

Member absent:

Councilmember Joe Buscaino City of Los Angeles- 2

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CALL TO ORDER : Chairman Burke called the meeting to order at 9: 0 5 a.m.

 Pledge of Allegiance: Led by Mayor Pulido.

 Opening Comments

Councilmember Mitchell . Announced that she attended the Low

- Carbon

Fuel s Summit held in Sacramento on February 3, 2015, and moderated a panel on the Next Steps for Clean Fuels Policies

. She noted that meeting the 2020

low

- carbon fuel s standard requires a lot of work to be done in this arena.

Councilmember Cacciotti . Explained discussions he was involved in while riding on various buses to get to today’s meeting, in which he spoke to bu s drivers and passengers about their experiences with riding CNG and electric

powered buses , and noted that most expressed a preference towards the electric

buses

. He also encourage d his fellow Board Members to take mass transit to the

mobile Board meetin g on March 6, 2015 to be held at the City of Long Beach

Council Chamber.

Dr. Lyou

. Noted that he also attended and participated on a panel at the

Low

- Carbon Fuel s Summit on February 3, 2015. He expressed optimism for a

shift towards more interest in cleaner transportation fuels, along with changing policies that will further encourage that shift

. He announced that

, in late January,

he toured the BYB facility in Lancaster, and along with transit buses, they have developed a lo nger

- range EV coach bus, and are planning to develop all

- ele ctric drayage and yard hosteler equipment

.

Supervisor Benoit

. Noted that there is a facility in Riverside that is converting older buses to electric

- powered for a fraction of the cost of a new vehicle, and encouraged the offering of grant funds for retrofit projects. He noted that he participated in the “Flip the Switch” ceremony held at Bubbling Wells Elementary School on February 4, 2015 commemorating the completion of the

first district

- owned solar structures in the Palm Springs Unified School District. He noted that these solar systems were funded by the Sentinel Mitigation fund,

and he discussed additional projects to reduce or mitigate em issions in the Coachella Valley that have also been made possible with the 50 million dollar mitigation funds

.

Chairman Burke

. Expressed excitement for the benefits those projects will have on the Coachella Valley region. He thanked staff for their efforts in carrying out an exceptio nal event at the A Martin Luther King , Jr. Day of Service Forum in Los Angeles on January 17, 2015.

(Supervisor Antonovich arrived at 9: 2 5 a.m.)- 3

-

 Presentation of Retirement Awards to Phillip Szymanski and

Lawrence Watki n s

Chairman Burke presented a retirement award to Phillip Szymanski

, Air Quality Inspector III , in recognition of over 26 years of dedicated District service ;
and to Lawrence Watki n s

, Program Supervisor

, in recognition of over 26 years of

dedicated District service

.

 Swearing In of Board Member s Michael D. Antonovich and Joseph K. Lyou and

New Board Member Janice Rutherford

Chairman Burke administered the oath of office to Michael D. Antonovich

, who was reappointed to the Board by the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors , for a term ending January 15, 2019 ; to Joseph K. Lyou , Ph.D. who was reappointed to the Board by Governor Edmund G. Brown, for a term ending January 15, 2019; and to Janice Rutherford who was appointed to the Board by the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors, for a term ending January 15,

2019.

 Presentation to Outgoing Board Member Josie Gonzales

Chairman Burke presented an award to Josie Gonzales for her service on

the Board from January 2009 to January 2015 as the representative for the County of San Bernardino

.

Supervisor Gonzales reflected upon her experiences while serving on the

Board and commented on the progress towards cleaner air that she hopes will

continue in the future.

( Mayor Pulido left at 9: 45 a.m., prior to the Consent Calendar )

CONSENT CALENDAR

1. Approve Minutes of January 9, 2015 Board Meeting

Budget/Fiscal Impact

2. Amend Contract with Norton Engineering for NOx RECLAIM Technical

Evaluation

3. Recognize Funds, Adopt Resolution to Extend Caltrans Grant Agreement,

and Execute and Amend Contracts

4. Recognize Funds and Execute Contract for Heavy

- Duty Advanced Technology

Assessment- 4

-

5. Execute Contracts for Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technologies at
Refineries, Other VOC Sources and Marine Vessels

6. Approve Contract Awards and Modifications Approved by MSRC

Items 7 through 12

- Information Only/Receive and File

7. Legislative and Public Affairs Report

8. Hearing Board Report

9. Civil Filings and Civil Penalties Report

10. Lead Agency Projects and Environmental Documents Received by SCAQMD

11. Rule and Control Measure Forecast

12. Status Report on Major Projects for Information Management Scheduled to Start During Last Six Months of FY 2014

- 15

Dr. Lyou announ ced his abstention on Item No. 3 because Waste Management is a potential source of income to him, and on Item No. 4 because Southern California Gas Company is a potential source of income to him

. Mayor

Benoit announced his abstention on Item No. 3 because of a campaign

contribution from Waste Management, and on Item No. 4 because of a campaign

contribution from So uthern California Gas Company. Supervisor Benoit

announ ced his abstention on Item No. 3 because of a campaign contribution from Waste Management , and on Item No. 4 because of a campaign contribution

from Southern California Gas Company

.

Agenda Item Nos. 4, 5 and 11 were withheld for discussion and comment

.

MOVED BY CACCIOTTI , SECONDED BY

LYOU , AGENDA ITEMS 1 THROUGH 3, 6

THROUGH 10 AND 12 APPROVED AS

RECOMMENDED

, ADOPTING RESOLUTION

NO. 1 5

- 2 REQUEST ING THE CALIFORNIA

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION TO
EXTEND FUNDING OF AGREEMENT, BY

THE FOLLOWING VOTE:- 5

-

AYES: Antonovich, B. Benoit ( except

Item #3 )

, J. Benoit (

except Item

#3 )

, Burke, Cacciotti, Lyou ( except Item #3

)

, Mitchell,
Nelson, Parker

, Rutherford and

Yates.

NOES: None

.

ABSTAIN: B. Benoit (Item #3 only) , J. Benoit

(Item #3 only) and Lyou (Item #3 only)

.

AB SENT: Buscaino and Pulido

.

13

. Items Deferred from Consent Calendar

-

4. Recognize Funds and Execute Contract for Heavy

- Duty Advanced Technology Assessment

Mayor Benoit, Supervisor Benoit and Dr. Lyou le ft the room during

discussion of Item No. 4.

Dr. Tom Williams, Citizens Coalition for a Safe Community, stressed the importance of expand ing the scope of this p articular item to include railroad operations.

5. Execute Contracts for Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technologies at
Refineries, Other VOC Sources and Marine Vessels

Jesse Marquez, Coalition for a Safe Environment, expressed su pport for the proposed project so that the public may

have access to more complete

, accurate data

.

11. Rule and Control Measure Forecast

Dr. Tom Williams, Sierra Club, requested that the Board address climate change in an upcoming rule making.

In response to Councilman Cacciotti’s inquiry about the District’s involvement with the railroads on cleaner burning engines, Dr. Wallerstein

noted that the District is providing funding to Metro Link to replace the

oldest locomotives in their fleet with Tier 4 locomotives ; participating in

continued discussion with Metrolink about the possibility of natural gas- 6

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locomotives; and working with manufacturers of locomotive s regarding

advanced te chnologies that can reduce both particulate and NOx

emissions from locomotives

.

MOVED BY CACCIOTTI

, SECONDED BY

YATES , AGENDA ITEM S 4 , 5 AND 11
APPROVED AS RECOMMENDED, BY THE

FOLLOWING VOTE:

AYES: Antonovich, Burke, Cacciotti

,

Mitchell, Nelson, Parker

, Rutherford and Yates.

NOES: None.

ABSTAIN: B. Benoit (Item #4 only) , J. Benoit

(Item #4 only) and Lyou (Item #4 only)

.

ABSENT: B. Benoit, J. Benoit, Buscaino

,

Lyou and Pulido.

BOARD CALENDAR

14. Administrative Committee

15. Legislative Committee

16. Mobile Source Committee

17. Stationary Source Committee

18. Technology Committee

19. Mobile Source Air Pollution Reduction Review Committee

20. California Air Resources Board Monthly Report

21. Status Report on Regulation XIII

- New Source Review- 7

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Item No. 15 was withheld for comment.

MOVED BY YATES , SECON DED BY

CACCIOTTI

, AGENDA ITEMS 14 AND 16

THROUGH 21 APPROVED AS
RECOMMENDED, RECEIVING AND FILING

THE COMMITTEE , REGULATION XIII AND
CARB REPORTS, BY THE FOLLOWING

VOTE:

AYES: Antonovich, B. Benoit

, J. Benoit

,

Burke

, Cacciotti

, Lyou, Mitchell,
Nelson, Parker, Rutherford and

Yates.

NOES: None.

ABSENT: Buscaino and Pulido

.

15. Legislative Committee

Dr. Tom Williams, Citizens Coalition for a Safe Community, explained that H.R. 5101 should be expanded to include all freight

, especially the ex port of crude oil.

MOVED BY CACCIOTTI , SECONDED BY

NELSON

, AGENDA ITEM 15 APPROVED AS
RECOMMENDED, RECEIVING AND FILING

THE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE REPORT

, AND ADOPTING THE POSITIONS ON
LEGISLATION AS SET FORTH BELOW, BY

THE FOLLOWING VOTE:

AYES: Antonovich, B. Benoit

, J. Benoit

,

Burke, Cacciotti, Lyou, Mitchell,
Nelson, Parker , Rutherford and

Yates.

NOES: None.

ABSENT: Buscaino and Pulido

.- 8

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Agenda Item Recommendation

H.R. 5101 (Hahn) National Support with Amendments Freight Network Trust Fund

Act of 2014

Proposed Changes to Car l Approve Moyer Program

- “The

Five Pillars”

PUBLIC HEARING

22. Supplement to 24

- hour PM2.5 State Implementation Plan for South

Coast Air Basin

Dr. Philip Fine, Assistant DEO/Planning

, Rules Development and Area

Sources , gave the staff presentation

.

In response to Councilman Cacciotti ’s inquiry about the effect of weather

on incidents of exceedance , and about what are considered precursor gas es, Dr. Fine explained that during the years with less days of rainfall, there are mo re days where exceedances occur; and that precursor gas es include regulate d

emissions such as NOx and VOCs, as well as SOx ammonia and direct PM

emissions

.

The public hearing was opened and the following individual s addre ssed the Board on Agenda Item 22

.

* D R. JIM STEWART , Sierra Club

J ASON MARTINEZ , Sierra Club

* J ULIA MAY , Communities for Better Environment

A LLEN HERNANDEZ , Sierra Club

M ARY VALDERMAR

, CHICCAA and Indigenous Drum

O LLIN KIN

, American Indian Movement

E LIZABETH AYALA , Resident of Riverside

* JESSE MARQUEZ, Coalition for a Safe Environment

* A DRIAN MARTINEZ , Earthjustice

A LICIA RIVERA , Communities for Better Environment

Ur ge d the Board to reject the Plan as it does not properly address the ability to reach attainment of the 24

- Hour PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard by 2015; expressed disappointment that no public hearings were held in the Los Angeles and Long Beach harbor communities; and stressed the need

for r egulations that will truly protect the health and welfare of the residents of the

basin

. * (Submitted Written C omments)

H ARVEY EDER , Public Solar Power Coalition Urged the Board to consider the use of solar power to help facilitate the

Plan

.- 9

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ASHLEY HERNANDEZ, Resident of Wilmington Expressed concern abou t the lack of notification for potentially harmful air quality events in her community, noting that she often witnesses children and youth continuing to play and exercise out doors when the AQI is at an unhealthy

level.

There being no further public testimony on this item, the public hearing

was closed.

In response to Chairman Burke’s inquiry about the school notification

program

, Joe Cassmassi , Planning and Rules Manager, conf irmed that the air quality forecast is sent to all area schools on a daily basis via direct electronic

communication. Dr. Wallerstein added that notifications for events that will potentially affect air quality, such as incidents of flaring

, are also disseminated to those signed up for the District’s listserv

.

Dr. Wallerstein clarified that this supplement is based on feedback from

U.S. EPA on the Plan amendment that they will be taking action on this summer;

and noted that the current plan contains a contingency measure in the event

attain ment could not be met

-- NOx RECLAIM program shave t o further reduce
NOx emissions, and staff plans to propose such an item in the coming months even though it has not yet been triggered. He addressed the 2016 AQMP which

will target both ozone and particulate pollution; and suggested that staff could

work with stakeholders to identify a set of early action measure s that would have priority on the rulemaking schedule to address many of the concerns that were expressed today

.

Dr. Lyou expressed c oncern with the uncertainty to achieve compliance

with the standard through this Plan; and s tressed the importance of taking action

to address the numerous other categories of emissions sources listed in the 2012

Plan.

Councilmember Mitchell noted the District’s willingness to work dil igently on reducing PM and NOx emissions in order to reach the strict goals set for the coming years; explained that CARB is making conside rable efforts to reduce

diesel emissions and promote cleaner burning fuels for the mobile source aspect;

and expressed support for developing early actions to be incorporated in the

2016 AQMP to address this issue more completely.

Councilman Cacciotti commented on the importance of reducing mobile

source emissions and improving the efficiency of the mass transit system to help

attain needed reductions.- 10

-

MOVED BY YATES, SEC ONDED BY

CACCIOTTI , AGENDA ITEM NO. 22
APPROVED AS RECOMMENDED BY STAFF,

ADOPTING RESOLUTION NO. 15

- 3

APPROVING THE SUPPLEMENT TO THE

24

- HOUR PM2.5 STATE IMPLEMENTATION

PLAN FOR THE SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN
AND SUBMITTAL INTO THE SIP; AND

DETERMINING THAT THE SUPPLEMENT TO

THE 24

- HOUR PM2.5 SIP FOR THE SOUTH

COAST AIR BASIN IS EXEMPT FROM THE

REQUIREMENTS OF THE CALIFORNIA

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT

, WITH THE

ADDITIONAL DIRECTION FOR STAFF TO

MEET WITH STAKEHOLDE RS AND

DEVELOP A LIST OF EA RLY ACTION

MEASURES IN THE 2016 AQMP TO

SUPPLEMENT THE ACTIO N TAKEN BY THE

BOARD REGARDING ATTA INMENT OF THE

24

- HOUR PM2.5 STANDARD, BY THE

FOLLOWING VOTE:

AYES: Antonovich, B. Benoi t,

J. Benoit, Burke, Cacciotti,
Mitchell, Nelson, Parker,

Rutherford and Yates.

NOES: Lyou.

ABSENT: Buscaino and Pulido.

OTHER BUSINESS

23. Communities for a Better Environment’s Request for Hearing Regarding Certification of Negative Declaration in Connection with Permitting Tank Project at Phillips 66 Carson Refinery

Kurt Wiese , General Counsel, provided background information for the petition that wa s before the Board for consi deration.

( Supervisor Antonovich left at 11 : 50 a.m., during discussion on Item 23.)

The following individuals addressed the Board on Item No. 23.

JULIA MAY , Communities for Better Environment

* A LEXANDRA NAGY , Food and Water Watch

M ADGE TORRES, Resident of Carlsbad
JULIA SCOVILLE, Resident of San Pedro, CBE- 11

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DARYL GALE, Resident of Los Angeles

* ALFRED CARRILLO, Apostolic Assembly Church

* ERIN STEVA, Community Health Council

* DAVID MONKAWA, California Nurses Association LUZ SOLOCHE, Resident of Wilmington, CBE Expresse d concern that the Phillips 66 t ank project will cause adverse

en vironmental impacts as a r esult of storing and processing heavier crude oils;

and urged the Board to protect public health. * (Submitted Written Comments)

D R. TOM WILLIAMS , Citizen Coalition for Safe Communities

* D R. JIM STEWART , Sierra Club,

* J ACK EIDT , Tar Sands Action SoCal

* S USAN DEMBOWSKI , Resident of Long Beach

E LIZABETH AYALA, Resident of Riverside

A LLEN HERNANDEZ , Sierra Club

P ATRICK BONNER , Resident of South Gate

* J ESSE MARQUEZ , Coalition for a Safe Environment
JASON MARTINEZ, Sierra Club
ALICIA RIVERA, Communities for Better Environment MARIA RAMOS, Resident of Wilmington RUBI RUIZ, Resident of Wilmington TERESA FLORES, Resident of Wilmington PATRICIA CANTERA, Resident of Wilmington RAQUEL RIOS, Resident of Wilmington, CBE

P. JOSEPH ROSENWALD, Resident of Long Beach
PATRICK WILLIAMS, Communities for Better Environment Urge d the Board to set a hearing for CBE’s Appeal; encouraged the setting of the hearing in the community ; and stressed the importance of performing a full EIR to as sess the impacts of the project

. * (Submitted Written

C omments)

Chairman Burke commented that it appears that no matter what action the Board takes on this matter, the matter will be adjudicated in the court.

M ARY VALDERMAR

, CHICCAA and Indigenous Drum

JOE GALLIANI , SouthBay 350 Climate Action Group

ALICIA RIVERA , Resident of Wilmington, CBE

ASHLEY HERNANDEZ , Resident of Wilmington, CBE

* DR. TOM MURPHY, Progressive Christians Uniting
OLLIN KIN, American Indian Movement Urged the Board to listen to their concerns even if they were convinced the matter could only be resolved through the judicial process

.

* (Submitted Written C omments)- 12

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CYRUS MOSLEMI, Certified Law Student, UCI YANA GARCIA, Attorney, CBE

HAYLEY PE NAN, Certified Law Student, UCI Urge d the Board to rescind the Negative Declaration

, o rder an EIR, or alternatively, to set a hearing for the appeal filed by CBE

.

CURTIS COLEMAN , Attorney Explained his experience with developing Regulation XII as a former

District staff member

, and c onfirmed that the Regulation is not meant to be an

after

- permit issued appeal mechanism. He noted that t he appeal mechanism for

issued permits is the Hearing Board, and that CEQA issues are to be handled by

the court.

JOCELYN THOMPSON

, Attorney r epresenting Phillips 66

U rge d the Board to adopt the staff recommendation noting that the Executive Officer’s determination was based on a proper review of the project and any additional review of the decision will be vetted through the lawsuit filed by CBE in Superior Court.

Written Comments Submitted by: Judy Curry, Women for Orange County Gisele L. Fong, EndOil/Communities for Clean Ports
Lori Noflin, Carson Connected
Melissa Lin Perrella, Natural Resources Defense Council

Princess Ma nuel, AF3IRM South Bay Michelle Mojica, Mujeres Unidas

Peter Rosenwald

Ann Cantrell Dennis Arp Regina Taylor

In response to inquir ies by Dr. Parker and Dr. Lyou, Mr. Wiese confirmed

that ultimately

, regardless of the Board’s decision on the agendized item, the

resolution will come from the courts ; clarified the authority of the Executive Officer to issue permits and approve CEQA document s; and also confirmed that the authority to hear appeals of permit decisions made by Executive Officer is

with the H earing Board.

Dr. Lyou requested that a meeting of the Refinery Committee be scheduled to discuss the possible impacts on air quality from heavy crudes

, with potential attendees including representatives from the refineries, District staff and community m embers . He also suggested that a public participation guide book be developed that would clearly describe the ways community members can participate in the various public processes at the SCAQMD.- 13

-

Dr. Wallerstein noted that the project went through the normal noticing

process for a Title V permit , and there was no request for a public hearing under

Title V.

Councilmember Mitchell urged for additional notification to potentially affected communities; suggested the benefit of sc heduling a symposium or

discussion about advantage crudes and their environmental impacts; and

commented that it would b e prudent for Phillips 66 to establish a relationship with the surrounding communities to ideally lead to be tter communication between t he refinery and the community members

.

In response to Councilman Cacciotti’s questioning about the various impacts of the pollution, Dr. Wallerstein explained that none of the significance

thresholds were exceeded and there was no resulting increase in throughput at the refinery

.

Chairman Burke directed staff to schedule a meeting of the Refinery

Committee to promote discuss ion amongst staff, industry representatives and community members regarding heavy crude oils; and also directed staff to develop a guide book for public participation at the SCAQMD.

THE PETITION BY COMMUNITIES FOR A

BETTER ENVIRONMENT TO REQUEST A

HEARING REGARDING CERTIFICATION OF

NEGATIVE DECLARATION IN CONNECTION

WITH PERMIT TING TANK PROJECT AT

PHILLIPS 66 CARSON REFINERY WAS

DENIED BY A UNANIMOUS VOTE OF THE
BOARD, AS FOLLOWS :

AYES: B. Benoit, J. Benoit, Burke,

Cacciotti, Lyou, Mitchell, Nelson,

Parker , Rutherford and Yates.

NOES: None.

ABSENT: Antonovich, Buscaino and Pulido

.

PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD

– (Public Comment on Non

- Agenda Items, Pursuant to Government Code Section 54954.3)

Dr. Tom Williams, Citizens Coalition for a Safe Community and No 710
Coalition, requested that documentation be made available detailing the CEQA process. He explained that the SR710 North Extension EIR/EIS has been delayed and is due to released within the month of February

, and he would like

the District to make certain that there are requirements in place to ensure the- 14

-

ambient air quality will not be affecte d in the area where two exhau st vents from

the tunnel will be located.

Harvey Eder , Public Solar Power Coalition, explained the s olar electric generating system s in use at Southern California solar generating facilities; and highlighted the need to produce an air quality plan every 3 years, instead of the 4 years that will pass before the release of the 2016 AQMP.

CLOSED SESSION

The Board recessed to clo sed session at 1: 25 p .m., pursuant to Government Code

sections :

 54956.9(a) and 54956.9(d)(1) to confer with its counsel regarding pending litigation which has been initiated formally and to which the SCAQMD is a party.

The action is :

Fast Lane Transportation, Inc. et al. v. City of Los Angeles, et al. , Contra Costa County Superior Court Case No. MSN14

- 0300 (formerly South Coast Air Quality Management District v. City of Los Angeles, et al., Los Angeles Superior Court Case No. BS 143381) (SCIG ).

 54957.6 to confer regarding upcoming labor negotiations with:

designated representatives regarding rep resented employee salaries and

benefits or other mandator y subjects within the scope of representation [Negotiator: William Johnson; Represented Employees: SCAQMD Professional Employees Association].

Following Closed Session, General Counsel Kurt Wiese announced that no reportable actions were taken in closed session

.- 15

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ADJOURNMENT

There being no fur ther business, the meeting was adjourned by Kurt Wiese at

1: 45 p .m.

The foregoing is a true statement of the proceedings held by the South Coast Air

Quality Management District Board on February 6 , 2015.

Respectfully Submitted,

Denise Garzaro Senior Deputy Clerk

Date Minutes Approved: _________________________

_____________________________________________

Dr. William A. Burke, Chairman

____________________________________________________ _____________________________

A CRONYMS

AQI = Air Quality Index

AQMP = Air Quality Management Plan

CARB = California Air Resources Board

CEQA = California Environmental Quality Act

CNG = Compressed Natural Gas

EIR = Environmental Impact Report

EIS = Environmental Impact Study

EV = Electric Vehicle

FY = Fiscal Year

MSRC = Mobile Source (Air Pollution Reduction) Review Committee

NOx = Oxides of Nitrogen

PM 2.5 = Particulate Matter ≤ 2.5 microns

SO x = Oxides of Sulfur

U.S. EPA = United States Environmental Protection Agency

VOC = Volatile Organic Compound