# Ohio Air Quality 2011 Division of Air Pollution ControlSeptember 2012



## John R. Kasich, Governor

Mary Taylor , Lt. Governor Scott J. Nally, Director

## Blank Page 46

# STATE OF OHIO AIR QUALITY CALENDAR YEAR 2011

PREPARED BY AIR QUALITY AND ANALYSIS UNIT DIVISION OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

### Our Mailing address is: Ohio EPA, Division of Air Pollution Control PO Box 1049 Columbus, OH 43216-1049

And we are located at: Ohio EPA, Division of Air Pollution Control 50 West Town Street, Suite 700 Columbus, OH 43215

Ohio EPA’s web address is: www.epa.ohio.gov The Ohio EPA’s general phone number is: (614) 644-3020 The Division of Air Pollution Control phone number is: (614) 644-2270

## i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. General Review 2011 air quality data are summarized for the seven criteria pollutants: particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM 10 

## ) and particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM 2.5 

## ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 

## ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 

## ), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O 3 

## ), and lead (Pb). Data are also summarized for total suspended particulates (TSP). A section discussing Toxics monitoring projects conducted in 2011 is included. Trend studies are presented for three criteria pollutants: SO 2 

## , CO, and O 3 

## . Precision and accuracy data gathered through the quality assurance programs are also included. B. Discussion of Violations Violations of multiple-year, annual and short term air quality standards by county and pollutant are shown in Figures 3 through 18 and in Table 3. C. Conclusions 1. In 2011 there were 36 PM 10 

## monitoring sites and 45 PM 2.5 

## monitoring sites with 95 monitors 63 of which are Federal Reference Monitors, 25 continuous (5 of which are Federal Equivalent Monitors), and 14 speciation. In 1987 there were 30 PM 10 

## and no PM 2.5 

## monitoring sites. Nearly all monitoring for particulate matter is conducted using PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## samplers. Monitoring for TSP has essentially been

## ii discontinued. During 2011, 9 TSP sites reported data, down from 217 sites in 1987. Of those 9 sites all are monitoring for lead or other metals and also report TSP data. 2. Sulfur dioxide levels in urban areas have dropped an average of 56.7% in the last ten years. There were no violations of the 3-Hour, 24-Hour or annual SO 2 

## air quality standards in 2011. There are four counties that are in violation of the 1-Hour standard (2009-2011). 3. No overall trend is indicated for the past several years for carbon monoxide. Figure 23 shows individual urban area trends. 4. The relatively high lead concentrations sampled in Fulton and Cuyahoga Counties are the result of industrial source monitoring. 5. Twenty-five counties are monitoring attainment of the 0.075 ppm eight hour ozone standard. There are eight counties with monitored non-attainment based on data for 2009 through 2011. This report uses the ozone standard in effect during 2011. 6. No violations of air quality standards for nitrogen dioxide were recorded in 2011. 7. No air pollution alerts were declared in 2011. D. The Ohio Network In 2011 there were a total of 283 monitors at 126 sites reporting data. There were 13 carbon monoxide, 32 sulfur dioxide, 3 nitrogen dioxide, 52 ozone, 43 10 micron particulate (PM 10 

## ), 119 2.5 micron particulate monitors (PM 2.5 

## ) and 27 lead monitors. The only states with comparable or more monitors are California with 1487, Texas with 316 and Pennsylvania with 297.

## iii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................ i TABLE OF CONTENTS................................ iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES....................... iv TOXICS DATA TABLES............................... v I. INTRODUCTION..................................... 1 II. SUMMARY OF 2011 AIR QUALITY DATA................. 10 III. AIR QUALITY TRENDS............................... 28 IV. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM........................ 39 V. AIR QUALITY DATA FOR 2011........................ 49 Total Suspended Particulates (TSP)............. 51 Particulate Matter <10 μ m (PM 10 

## )................. 54 Particulate Matter <2.5 μ m (PM 2.5 

## )............... 58 Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 

## )........................... 68 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 

## )......................... 72 Carbon Monoxide (CO)........................... 74 Ozone (O 3 

## )..................................... 76 Lead........................................... 90 VI. AIR TOXICS MONITORING............................ 93 VII. AIR POLLUTION EPISODES AND THE AIR QUALITY INDEX.............................. 123 VIII. MONITORING SITES IN 2011........................ 127 Acronyms and Abbreviations...................... 134 Reporting Organizations......................... 135

## iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Page TABLE 1 Air Quality Standards For the Criteria Pollutants................................. 6 TABLE 2 Ambient Air Monitoring Sites in Ohio ....... 9 TABLE 3 Violations of Air Quality Standards by County..................................... 27 TABLE 4 Ohio SO 2 

## Trends 2002-2011................... 28 TABLES 5-11 Precision and Accuracy Data for each Local Air Agency and District Office............. 41-47 TABLE 12 Target Compound List For Canister Analysis.. 98 TABLE 13 AQI Values and Pollutant Concentrations..... 124 TABLE 14 AQI by Category Totals...................... 125 MAPS FIGURE 1 Map and Directory of District and Local Air Pollution Agencies..................... 7 FIGURE 2 Air Quality Control Regions in Ohio......... 8 FIGURE 3 PM 10 

## Highest Annual Average by County........ 11 FIGURE 4 PM 10 

## 2 nd 

## High 24-HR Concentration............. 12 FIGURE 5 PM 2.5 

## Highest Annual Average by County....... 13 FIGURE 6 PM 2.5 

## 98 th 

## Percentile 24-HR Conc. by County... 14 FIGURE 7 PM 2.5 

## 2009-2011 Average of Annual Averages... 15 FIGURE 8 SO 2 

## Highest Annual Mean by County............ 16 FIGURE 9 SO 2 

## 2 nd 

## Highest 24-HR Concentration by County 17 FIGURE 10 SO 2 

## 99 th 

## Percentile 1-HR Conc. by County...... 18 FIGURE 11 CO 2 nd 

## Highest 8-HR Concentration by County... 19 FIGURE 12 CO 2 nd 

## Highest 1-HR Concentration by County... 20 FIGURE 13 NO 2 

## Highest Annual Mean by County............. 21 FIGURE 14 NO 2 

## 1-Hour 98 th 

## Percentile Average by County... 22 FIGURE 15 O 3 

## 2 nd 

## Highest 1-HR Concentration by County.... 23 FIGURE 16 O 3 

## 4 th 

## Highest 8-HR Concentration by County.... 24 Figure 17 O 3 

## 2009-2011 Avg. of 4 th 

## High 8-Hr. Averages... 25 FIGURE 18 Lead Highest Three Month Mean by County........ 26 GRAPHS FIGURE 19 SO 2 

## Trend Study Results....................... 29 FIGURE 20 Ozone Trend Study Results, 1-Hr Exceedances... 31 FIGURE 21 Ozone Trend Study Results, 8-Hr 4 th 

## Highs..... 32 FIGURE 22 Ozone Trend Study Results, 3-Yr Avg of 4 th 

## Highs 33 FIGURE 23 CO Trend Study Results....................... 34-38

## v TOXICS DATA TABLES Urban Air Toxics TABLE A Butler Co. ................................. 101 TABLE B Cuyahoga Co. (035-0038)..................... 102 TABLE C Cuyahoga Co. (035-0069)..................... 103 TABLE D Cuyahoga Co. (035-1002)..................... 104 TABLE E Franklin Co. ............................... 105 TABLE F Jefferson Co. .............................. 106 Heavy Metals Data TABLE G Middletown (Lefferson Rd.).................. 110 TABLE H East Liverpool (Port Authority)............. 110 TABLE I East Liverpool (Waterplant)................. 111 TABLE J East Liverpool (Maryland Ave.).............. 111 TABLE K Cleveland (St. Tikhon)...................... 112 TABLE L Cleveland (Fire Station 4A)................. 112 TABLE M Cleveland (Ferro)........................... 113 TABLE N Cleveland (Asphalt Plant “A”)............... 113 TABLE O Cleveland (26565 Miles Rd.)................. 114 TABLE P Columbus (Woodrow).......................... 114 TABLE Q NWDO (Fulton Co., Delta).................... 115 TABLE R NWDO (Marion Co., Prospect)..................115 TABLE S NWDO (Marion, West Fairgrounds) ............ 116 TABLE T Ottawa Co. (Brush Wellman).................. 116 TABLE U SWDO (Logan Co., Bellefontaine)............. 117 TABLE V Canton (Fire Station No. 8)..................117 TABLE W M-TAPCA (Hubbard Twp.) ..................... 118 TABLE X Washington Co. (Lancaster Rd.).............. 118 TABLE Y Washington Co. (Victory Place).............. 119

## Blank Page vi

## 1 I. INTRODUCTION A. General A variety of substances are generated and released into the atmosphere by a multitude of manmade and natural sources. Those substances that may affect public health and welfare are regarded as "air pollutants". The U.S. EPA has established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to safeguard the public health and welfare from selected air pollutants. The pollutants for which standards have been promulgated are: Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 

## ), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 

## ), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (O 3 

## ), Lead (Pb), Particulate Matter ≤ 10 microns (PM 10 

## ) and Particulate Matter ≤ 2.5 microns (PM 2.5 

## ). The standards are ambient concentrations that are expressed in micrograms per cubic meter ( μ g/m 3 

## ) or parts per million (ppm) per duration (1 hr., 3 hr., etc.) with a restriction (not to be exceeded or not to be exceeded more than once per year, etc.). Table 1 shows the NAAQS in effect at the end of 2011. In some cases, standards are separated into two parts: primary and secondary. The primary standard sets the level of air pollution above which human health is endangered. The secondary standard sets the level above which the welfare of citizens is endangered due to air pollution damage to crops, animals, vegetation and materials. This report contains a summary of measured high concentrations of the pollutants, selected statistics, including quality assurance of the data, and trend analyses for various areas in Ohio. A brief description of the pollutants, the sources from which the pollutants originate and the adverse health effects of the pollutants and the monitoring methods, precede the tabulated pollutant concentrations. Ambient air is usually defined as air that is accessible to the general public. The air that is within (over) the fenced in or guarded areas of facility property is not ambient. Data for this report were collected by Ohio EPA, local air pollution control agencies and private industry. An indication of the accuracy of data from each reporting organization is located in a separate section on Quality Assurance. B. Development of the Ohio Air Monitoring System Society's concern about air pollution brought about the first national law, the Clean Air Act of July 14, 1955. This Act and its subsequent amendments first encouraged, and then authorized, grants to help finance the establishment of state and local air pollution control programs.

## 2 In 1963, aided in part by this federal program, the Ohio Department of Health established the Ohio Air Sampling Network (OASN) with 21 monitoring sites. The OASN was designed to measure the levels of "Total Suspended Particulate" (TSP) throughout the state. The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 mandated the promulgation of the NAAQS and delegated authority to develop plans for their attainment to the individual states. To oversee the provisions of this Act, the U.S. EPA was formed in February of 1972 by Presidential Order. After proposing standards for the criteria air pollutants, the U.S. EPA worked with Ohio to set up the State Implementation Plan (SIP) which included a detailed air monitoring program for the original six criteria pollutants: TSP, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, lead and ozone. The SIP is a state's master plan for achievement of the NAAQS. The SIP contains detailed provisions for reducing concentrations of each of the regulated pollutants, where necessary, to achieve and maintain the NAAQS. In October 1972, Ohio EPA was established by State law (Ohio Revised Code Section 3745.01) and the air monitoring program was significantly enlarged. Many local air pollution control agencies and private industries participated in this program. See Figure 1 for the location of the five districts and the nine local air agencies currently supporting the air program. In 1980, the U.S. EPA and Ohio EPA established and designated certain portions of Ohio's network to be a part of the National Air Monitoring Station (NAMS) network, created for the purpose of tracking national trends. In 1980, the US EPA also required that all sites produce data of adequate quality to meet monitoring objectives and adequate quantity to meet statistical and trend requirements. All NAMS sites were to meet these requirements beginning with 1981 data, and all other sites beginning with 1983 data. On January 1, 2011 U.S. EPA made changes to the designations of sites. The NAMS sites, used for national trends in concentrations was eliminated in favor of NCore sites, a much smaller network of sites with many more parameters per site monitored. There are three sites in Ohio, one each in Cincinnati, Cleveland and Preble Co.

## 3 On March 20, 1984, the U.S. EPA proposed a standard for inhalable particles of ten micrometers in diameter and smaller. To enable the states to begin collecting data without excessive delay the U.S. EPA provided the states with monitors in late 1984. Ohio's field offices began collecting PM 10 

## data during 1985 and a network of sites was primarily located in urban areas. The PM 10 

## standard was promulgated on July 1, 1987 and became effective on July 31, 1987. The U.S. EPA promulgated new particulate monitoring regulations and National Ambient Air Quality Standards on July 18, 1997. The new particulate standard is for particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in diameter. The first monitors began to collect data in January 1999. Monitors to determine the chemical makeup of the particulate were added in the year 2000 and in 2001 hourly reading monitors were added. The one hour ozone standard was supplemented on July 18, 1997 with an eight hour standard. The eight hour standard is a three year average of the fourth highest daily eight hour averages. The level of the standard was set at 0.08 ppm which was not to be exceeded. In 2001 The United States Supreme Court found U.S. EPA’s previously proposed implementation plan for ozone unlawful and further held that, in the setting of a standard for ozone pursuant to Section 109 of the Clean Air Act U.S. EPA must set air quality standards at the level that is “requisite”-no higher or lower than is necessary-to protect the public health with an adequate margin of safety. The Supreme Court then sent the case back to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals to review U.S. EPA’s subsequent actions. On March 26, 2002, that court upheld U.S. EPA’s revision of the ozone NAAQS, which had been published in the Federal Register by U.S. EPA as a proposal on November 14, 2001. In March 2008 the 8-Hour ozone standard was changed to be less than or equal to 0.075 ppm as the three year average of each site’s annual fourth high 8-Hour average. The summary tables in this report use the new standard. In 2009 the standard for lead (Pb) was changed to 0.15 μ g/m 3 

## as a three month average. This standard replaces the 1.5 μ g/m 3

## 4 calendar quarter average. New monitors near presumed sources are to be operational on the first sampling day of January 2010. During 2011, more than 280 ambient air monitors were operated in Ohio. Table 2 enumerates the number and type of criteria pollutant monitors that were operated in the various District Office and Local Air Agency jurisdictions. The goals of the ambient monitoring program are to determine compliance with the ambient air quality standards, to provide real-time monitoring of air pollution episodes, to provide data for trend analyses, regulation evaluation and planning, and to provide information to the public on a daily basis concerning the quality of the air in high population areas, near major emission sources and in rural areas. C. Remote Ambient Data System The Remote Ambient-Air Data System (RADS) is a system for the automatic acquisition and transmission of data from a remote monitor to a central computer. Each continuous monitoring site operated by Ohio EPA's district offices is furnished with a data logger that is polled automatically at least once a day by the central computer in Columbus and hourly for the AIRNow web site. A major benefit of RADS is that the data can now be handled more quickly with fewer chances of error. Formerly the data was manually read from recorder strip charts, handwritten on a computer input form, keyed into the computer and then made available for retrieval. This process took three to four weeks. The data in the RADS computer is available for review by the district and central office staff on a daily basis. The individual sites can also be contacted through the data logger for instantaneous data and interrogated further by remote testing of zero-span for any parameter. This is particularly valuable when pollutant levels are, or may become, elevated, as during an air stagnation episode. RADS was installed during the fall of 1985 and went into operation on January 1, 1986. Local air agencies have automated their continuous monitors and Ohio EPA has expanded RADS to include the automation of the local air agencies' networks. Industrial networks will also be added.

## 5 RADS has been upgraded for remote access to the data by digital cellular wireless technology to telemeter data to the central computer. D. Data Availability on the Internet For the past several years Ohio EPA has provided ozone and PM 2.5 

## data updates several times a day to the U.S. EPA for a public outreach web site where current data and data forecasts are displayed in the form of tables and maps. This web site can be viewed at: www.airnow.gov . From this site different states can be chosen to view forecasts of ozone and PM 2.5 

## levels and to link to animated ozone concentration maps. As part of the AIRNow effort there is also a page that displays a map of North America that has sites that can be clicked upon for current environmental data. This page is updated frequently and is called Enviroflash at: www.enviroflash.info . Historical ambient air quality data can also be found at: www.epa.gov/airdata/ . This site is a gateway to maps, reports and user selected data that reside in the U.S. EPA’s Air Quality System (AQS) database. For those with specific health concerns (asthma, heart disease) or who want general information for older adults, children or who are active outdoors and who want to compare the air quality of different counties or states, the U.S. EPA has a web site that allows comparisons at: www.epa.gov/aircompare/ . E. Designation of Air Quality Control Regions The fact that air pollution does not respect state boundaries was recognized in early control efforts. To effectively deal with pollution and attain the NAAQS, U.S. EPA, with advice from local governments and the public, divided the nation into areas called Air Quality Control Regions (AQCR's). Boundaries for each region were set by consideration of air pollution levels, population density, geography, and common meteorological conditions. While AQCR's may consist of parts of more than one state, each state has the authority to implement air quality standards only in its portion of the region. Portions of Ohio are included in a total of fourteen different AQCR's, each labeled numerically and by geographical description. Figure 2 illustrates the boundaries of Ohio's AQCR 's.

## 6 TABLE 1 U.S. EPA & OHIO EPA AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CONCENTRATION POLLUTANT DURATION RESTRICTION PRIMARY SECONDARY PM 2.5 Annual arithmetic mean 24-Hour concentration Not to be exceeded Three year average Not to be exceeded Three year average of 98 th percentile 15.0 μ g/m 3

35 μ g/m 3 15.0 μ g/m 3

35 μ g/m 3

PM 10 24-Hr concentration Not to be exceeded more than once per year averaged over three years 150 μ g/m 3 150 μ g/m 3

SULFUR DIOXIDE Annual Mean 1-Hr mean concentration 24-Hr mean concentration 3-Hour mean concentration Not to be exceeded Each year’s daily 1-Hour maximum 99 th percentile value averaged over 3 years Not to be exceeded more than once per year Not to be exceeded more than once per year 0.03 ppm (80 μ g/m 3 ) 75 ppb 0.14 ppm 0.5 ppm (1300 μ g/m 3 ) CARBON MONOXIDE 8-Hr mean concentration 1-Hr concentration Not to be exceeded more than once per year Not to be exceeded more than once per year 9 ppm (10 mg/m 3 ) 35 ppm (40 mg/m 3 ) OZONE 8-Hr concentration

1-Hr concentration* Each year’s fourth high averaged over three years. Not to be exceeded Not to be exceeded more than three times in three years 0.075 ppm 0.12 ppm (244 μ g/m 3 ) 0.075 ppm 0.12 ppm (244 μ g/m 3 ) NITROGEN DIOXIDE 1-Hour Average

Annual mean Each year’s daily maximum 98 th percentile 1-Hour value averaged over 3 years. Not to be exceeded. Not to be exceeded 100 ppb 53 ppb 0.053 ppm LEAD 3-Month mean concentration Three month rolling average over a three year period. Not to be exceeded. 0.15 μ g/m 3 0.15 μ g/m 3

Notes: Primary standards are established for the protection of public health Secondary standards are established for the protection of public welfare *revoked for Ohio μ g/m 3 = micrograms per cubic meter ppm = parts per million ppb = parts per billion mg/m 3 = milligrams per cubic meter

## Figure 1

Local Air Pollution Control Agencies: Bob Hasenyager, Interim Administrator Akron Regional Air Quality Management District 146 South High St., Room 904 Akron, Ohio 44308 (330) 375-2480 FAX: (330) 375-2402 E-Mail: bhasenyager@schd.org 

### Bert Mechenbier, Supervisor Lake County General Health District Air Pollution Control 33 Mill St. Painesville, Ohio 44077 (440) 350-2543 FAX: (440) 350-2548 E-Mail: bmechenbier@lcghd.org 

### Cindy Charles, Director Air Pollution Unit Portmouth City Health Department 605 Washington Street, Third Floor Portsmouth, Ohio 45662 (740) 353-5156 FAX: (740) 353-3638 E-Mail: cindy.charles@epa.state.oh.us 

### Karen Granata, Administrator City of Toledo Division of Environmental Services 348 South Erie St. Toledo, Ohio 43604 (419) 936-3015 FAX: (419) 936-3959 E-Mail: karen.granata@toledo.oh.gov 

### Tara Cioffi, Administrator Mahoning-Trumbull APC Agency 345 Oak Hill Ave., Suite 200 Youngstown, Ohio 44502 (330) 743-3333 FAX: (330) 744-1928 E-Mail: tcioffi@cboss.com 

### Terri Dzienis, Administrator Air Pollution Control Division Canton City Health Department 420 Market Ave. North Canton, Ohio 44702-1544 (330) 489-3385 FAX: (330) 489-3335 E-Mail: TDzienis@cantonhealth.org 

### Cory R. Chadwick, Director Dept. of Environmental Services Southwest Ohio Air Quality Agency 250 William Howard Taft Road Cincinnati, Ohio 45219-2660 (513) 946-7777 FAX: (513) 946-7778 E-Mail: cory.chadwick@hamilton-co.org 

### George Baker, Commissioner Dept. of Public Health & Welfare Division of Air Quality 75 Erieview Plaza, 2nd Floor Cleveland, Ohio 44114 (216) 664-2297 FAX: (216) 420-8047 E-Mail: GBaker@city.cleveland.oh.us 

### John Paul, Director Regional Air Pollution Control Agency Montgomery County Health Department 117 South Main St. PO Box 972 Dayton, Ohio 45422-1280 (937) 225-4435 FAX: (937) 225-3486 E-Mail: paulja@rapca.org 

## Ohio EPA District Offices: CDO Adam Ward, APC Supervisor Central District Office 50 West Town St., Suite 700 Columbus, Ohio 43215 (614) 728-3778 FAX: (614) 728-3898 E-Mail: adam.ward@epa.ohio.gov 

## SEDO Dean Ponchak, Acting APC Supervisor Southeast District Office 2195 Front St. Logan, Ohio 43138 (740) 385-8501 FAX: (740) 385-6490 E-Mail: Dean.Ponchak@epa.ohio.gov 

## NEDO Ed Fasko, APC Supervisor Northeast District Office 2110 Aurora Rd. Twinsburg, Ohio 44087 (330) 425-9171 FAX: (330) 487-0769 E-Mail: Ed.Fasko@epa.ohio.gov 

## NWDO Mark Budge, APC Supervisor Northwest District Office 347 North Dunbridge Rd. Bowling Green, Ohio 43402 (419) 352-8461 FAX: (419) 352-8468 E-Mail: mark.budge@epa.ohio.gov 

## SWDO Tom Schneider, APC Supervisor Southwest District Office 401 East Fifth St. Dayton, Ohio 45402-2911 (937) 285-6357 FAX: (937) 285-6249 E-Mail: tom.schneider@epa.ohio.gov Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize

Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan

Hardin Hancock

Wood Ottawa Erie

Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson

Union Delaware Licking Franklin

Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Hamilton Clermont

Gallia 

# NWDO

CDO SW

DO SEDO NED O

This map shows jurisdictional boundaries. Colored areas represent local agencies within Ohio EPA districts Brown

4/24/12 

## 1

2

3

4

5 6

7



# 8

9

7Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize

Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign Logan

Hardin Hancock

Wood Ottawa Erie

Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson

Union Delaware Licking Franklin

Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Hamilton Clermont

Gallia Brown Ashtabula

079 Cincinnati 103 Huntington 124 Toledo 173 Dayton 174 Cleveland 175 Mansfield 176 Columbus 177 Northwest Ohio 178 Northwest Pennsylvania 179 Parkersburg 180 Sandusky 181 Steubenville 182 Wilmington 183 Zanesville 

# Figure 2 Air Quality Control Regions in Ohio 

# 177

173 124

079

103 182

176 175 180 174 178

183 181

179

## 9 TABLE 2 AMBIENT AIR MONITORING SITES IN OHIO (2011)

Sites required by Ohio EPA: Government Operated/Industry Operated/CASTNET Local Air

Agency/ District

Office PM 2.5 

### PM 10 

### Sulfur Dioxide SO 2 

### Ozone O 3 

### Carbon Monoxide CO Nitrogen Dioxide NO 2 

### Lead Total Akron 4 0 2 3 2 0 0 11 Canton 2 0 0 3 1 0 1 7 Cincinnati

(HC-DOES) 11 5 4 7/0/1 2 1 1 31/0/1 Cleveland 6 5 4 4 3 1 6 29 Lake Co.

Health District 1 1 2 3 1 0 0 8WarrenYoungstown

(M-TAPCA) 3 4 1 3 0 0 1 12

Toledo 3 1 0 3 0 0 0 7 Dayton (RAPCA) 4 2 2 6 3 0 0 17 Portsmouth 2 3/3 3/2 2 0 0 0 10/5 CDO 5 1 0 7/0/1 1 0 1 15/0/1 NEDO 1 3 2 2 0 0 3 11 NWDO 1 0/6 1 2 0 0 2 6/6 SEDO 3 2 7/2 3/0/1 0 1 2 18/2/1 SWDO 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 Totals 46 27/9 28/4 49/0/3 13 3 18 184/13/3

## 10 II. Summary of 2011 Air Quality Data The following pages, in a series of maps and tables, summarize the data presented in Section V of the report. Figures 3-14 indicate the highest annual and second highest concentrations for PM 10 

## , PM 2.5 

## , SO 2 

## , CO, and NO 2 

## , respectively, in each county where data were collected. Sites not meeting Federal regulatory requirements for data completeness 1 

## are marked with asterisks. Figure 15 indicates the second highest 1-Hour concentration of ozone recorded in each county. FIGURE 16 indicates the counties in which the highest reading ozone monitor recorded a three year average of fourth highest eight hour averages greater than the standard. Figure 17 indicates the three year average of the 4 th 

## high 8-Hour averages of ozone. The highest reading site was used. Figure 18 indicates the highest three-month average concentration of lead in each county where data were collected. Table 3 gives a breakdown of air quality standard violations by county. A more detailed presentation of air quality data can be found in Section V of the report.

1 

## The Federal averaging criteria for PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## monitors requires that at least seventy-five percent of scheduled samples are collected each quarter. Many intermittent monitors in Ohio run on a six-day sampling schedule (one daily reading every six days) yielding up to sixty-one samples per year. To meet averaging criteria for continuous (hourly) monitors, a monitor must have valid data for at least seventy-five percent of each calendar quarter, approximately 1655 hours. For a valid ozone monitoring day, the monitor must collect at least 18 hours of data or have an average that is greater than the standard.Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 3 2011 PM 10 

# Highest Annual Mean Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in P g/m 3 

# PM 10



## 20.4

19.8 20.2 17.9 23.3 14.2 36.9 13.9

16.2 18.0 20.4 21.4

19.4 20.4



# )

11 15.8Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 4 2011 PM 10 

# 2nd High 24-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in P g/m 3 

## Primary Standard 150 P g/m 3 

### Counties in which there has been an exceedance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 

# PM 10



## 75

44 31 54 49 77

57 33 26 122 36

32 35 39

42



# )

12Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 5 Primary Standard 15 P g/m 3 

### Counties in which the three year average of annual averages was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1)



# 2011 PM 2.5 

# Highest Annual Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in P g/m 3 

# ) PM 2.5



## 11.4

12.3 11.9 10.9 12.2 12.7 11.0 11.0 13.3

10.2 10.8 9.4 12.8 9.4

10.8 11.6 10.5 10.6 11.3 12.8

11.4

13 11.3

8.7Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 6 PM 2.5



# 2011 PM 2.5 

# 98 th 

# Percentile 24-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in P g/m 3 

## Primary Standard 35 P g/m 3 

### Counties in which the three year average of 98 th 

### percentile values have exceeded the National Ambient Air Quaity Standard (Table 1) 

## 26.4

28.0 23.6 24.9 29.1

28.8 28.4 29.5 30.2 21.2 22.9 23.1 29.7 23.3

25.0 23.2 26.6 24.9 24.9 28.1

22.4



# )

14 25.2

18.5Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 7 PM 2.5



# 2009-2011 Average of Annual Averages Highest Site in the County Used PM 2.5 

## Levels Greater than 15 P g/m 3 

### 12-15 P g/m  

### less than 12 P g/m 3



## 15Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 8 Sulfur Dioxide

Primary Standard



# 2011 SO 2 

# Highest Annual Arithmetic Mean Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppb) Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 30.0 ppb 

## 7.26 5.87 1.84

3.21 1.98 2.13

5.57 3.56

2.80 1.35

1.21

1.78 1.72 4.12

2.63

2.32

16Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 9 Sulfur Dioxide

Primary Standard



# 2011 SO 2 

# 2 nd 

# Highest 24-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppb) Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 140 ppb 

## 54.5 24.3 9.5

18.0 12.3 8.6 26.0 16.4

13.2 6.7

9.3 40.0

10.0 12.2 7.8 25.7

17Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 10 Sulfur Dioxide

Primary Standard



# 2011 SO 2 

# 99 th 

# Percentile 1-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppb) Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 75 ppb 

## 145 78.0 19

40

14

22

84

30 42.8 34 40 27 114 55

47

175

18 80.0Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 11

Carbon Monoxide

2011 Carbon Monoxide 2 nd 

# Highest 8-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppm) Primary Standard 9 ppm Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 

## 1.2

3.1 1.4 1.6

1.5 2.8

1.8

19 0.8Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 12

Carbon Monoxide

2011 Carbon Monoxide 2 nd 

# Highest 1-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppm) Primary Standard 35 ppm Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 

## 1.4 5.5 1.6 2.1

2.3 9.2

6.4

20 1.9Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 13

Nitrogen Dioxide

2011 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Arithmetic Mean Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppb) Primary Standard 53 ppb Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 

## 15.3

12.9 3.1

21Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 14

Nitrogen Dioxide

2011 Nitrogen Dioxide 98 th 

# Percentile 1-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppb) Primary Standard 100 ppb Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 

## 50.0

46.0 20.1

22Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 15

Ozone

2011 Ozone 2nd Highest 1-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppm) 0.086 0.083

0.084 0.084 0.095 0.097 0.093 0.090 0.092 0.087 0.088 0.090 0.080 0.089

0.082

0.095 0.081

0.084 0.092 0.089 0.084 0.098 0.090 0.085 0.093 0.085 0.094 0.089

0.100 0.098 0.100 0.111 0.107

23Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 16 Ozone

2011 Ozone 4 th 

# Highest 8-Hour Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in ppm) Primary Standard 0.075 ppm Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 

## 0.081 0.081 0.070 0.076 0.081

0.087 0.080

0.088 0.074 0.073

0.073 0.072 0.077

0.078

0.073 0.069 0.072

0.070

0.071 0.071 0.079 0.073

0.079 0.075 0.077 0.076 0.074

0.082 0.082 0.084 0.082 0.079

0.068

24Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 17 Ozone

2009-2011 Average of the 4th High 8-Hour Averages using the highest reading site in each county Ozone Levels 0.076 ppm or greater 0.070-0.075 ppm less than 0.070 ppm



## 25Seneca Sandusky Lucas Fulton

Henry Williams

Defiance Paulding

Van Wert

Mercer

Darke

Preble

Butler Warren Putnam

Allen Auglaize Shelby

Miami

Montgomery Greene Clark Champaign

Logan Hardin Hancock Wood Ottawa Erie Huron Lorain Medina Summit Portage Cuyahoga Geauga Lake Ashtabula

Trumbull

Mahoning

Columbiana Stark

Carroll Tuscarawas Wayne Ashland Wyandot Crawford Richland

Marion Morrow Holmes

Harrison Knox Coshocton Guernsey Belmont Jefferson Union Delaware Licking Franklin Fairfield Pickaway Madison

Clinton Fayette

Ross Hocking Perry Morgan

Vinton Athens Muskingum

Noble Monroe Washington

Meigs Jackson Scioto

Lawrence Pike Highland

Adams Brown Hamilton Clermont

Gallia



# Figure 18 Lead

Primary Standard



# 2011 Lead, Highest 3 Month Concentration (In counties where data were collected-values in P g/m 3 

# ) Counties in which there was a violation of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (Table 1) 0.15 P g/m 3 

## 0.18

0.06

0.01 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.53 0.01

26

## 27 TABLE 3 VIOLATIONS OF AIR QUALITY STANDARDS BY COUNTY 2011 There were no violations of the PM 10 

## , PM 2.5 

## , NO 2 

## or CO standards that were in effect during 2011. Ozone 8-Hour 2009-2011 Ashtabula Butler Clinton Franklin Hamilton Lake Montgomery Warren Lead 3-Month 2009-2011 Cuyahoga Fulton SO 2 

## 1-Hr 99 th 

## Percentile 2009-2011 Jefferson Lake Meigs Morgan

## 28 III. Air Quality Trends Federal regulations promulgated in 1980 established a number of urban sites in Ohio as part of a national network for determining trends of the criteria pollutants. This network, called National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS), required the exclusion (for purposes of trend studies only) of those urban sites not designated as NAMS. This requirement permits a more accurate comparison of trends in different areas of the nation. The NAMS group was easily integrated into Ohio's monitoring system starting with the 1980 data.

SO 2 

## TRENDS Data for SO 2 

## continuous instruments in urban areas which met the NAMS siting requirements were used to generate Ohio SO 2 

## trend studies for years 2002 through 2011. The resulting data, based on annual average SO 2 

## concentrations, top chart, are plotted in Figure 19. Percent improvement is calculated using values derived from the method of "least squares". The bottom chart plots the 99 th 

## percentile value which is the new, short term, 1- Hour, NAAQS for S0 2 

## .

Table 4 SO 2 

## TRENDS FOR 2002-2011

________________________________________________________________ SITE CATEGORY IMPROVEMENT

________________________________________________________________ Urban Area NAMS 56.7%

### 0.000 0.002 

### 0.004 0.006 0.008 

### 0.010 0.012 0.014 

### 0.016 0.018 0.020



### 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



### Year Sulfur Dioxide Trend (2002-2011) Urban Area Sites

Data Linear (Data)

0 20 40 

### 60 80 100 120 

### 140 160 180 200



### 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppb)



### Year Sulfur Dioxide Trend (2002-2011)

All Sites 1-Hour 99 th 

### Percentile

Data Linear (Data)



## 29 

# Figure 19

## 30 Ozone Trends Assessing progress towards the attainment of the ozone air quality standards is difficult because of the influence of meteorology on ozone levels. Differences in weather conditions can cause variations from year to year in both the NAAQS exceedances and the second highest 1-Hour ozone levels. High temperatures, brilliant sunshine and stagnant air contribute to high levels of evaporation from fuel storage tanks, fuel systems and auto refueling activities emitted by millions of cars and trucks. Also daily emissions of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons by millions of cars and trucks are a major contributor to low level ozone pollution during these atmospheric conditions. In the presence of sunlight,hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides create high levels of groundlevel ozone. One Hour Data: Information is presented from eight metropolitan areas in Ohio for the period of 2002 through 2011. Figure 20 is a bar chart which shows, for each year, the second highest 1-Hour average. In an area where ozone is monitored at several sites, the site with the highest second high for each year was used which may be a different site from year to year. Eight Hour Standard: Eight metropolitan areas are presented with the three year average of the 4 th 

## highest 8-Hour daily ozone averages for the years 2002 through 2011. The year listed is the last year of the three year period. Figure 21 is a bar chart with those concentrations. The ambient air quality standard is a three year average of the fourth high 8-Hour averages, that concentration must be less than or equal to 0.075 parts per million (75 parts per billion) for an area to be in compliance with the standard. The monitor with the highest 4 th 

## high in each three year period was used, not necessarily the same monitor for all years. The three year averages for each site in Ohio are listed in the ozone portion of: Section V. AIR QUALITY DATA 2011.

### 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011ppb



## Year 

## 2nd Highest 1-Hr. Ozone in Urban Impact Area

Akron Canton Cleveland Youngstown

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011ppb



## Year 

## 2nd Highest 1-Hr. Ozone in Urban Impact Area

Cincinnati Columbus Dayton Toledo 

# Figure 20

31

## 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011CONCENTRATION (ppb)



## YEAR 

## 4TH-HIGH 8-HOUR OZONE CONCENTRATION

CINCINNATI COLUMBUS DAYTON TOLEDO 0 20 

## 40 60 

## 80 100 

## 120

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011CONCENTRATION (ppb)



## YEAR 

## 4TH-HIGH 8-HOUR OZONE CONCENTRATION

AKRON CANTON CLEVELAND YOUNGSTOWN

32 

# Figure 21

## 0 

## 20 40 60 80 

## 100 120

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011CONCENTRATION (PPB)



### 3 YEAR PERIOD BEGINNING WITH 2002-2011 

## 3 Year Average of 4th High 8-Hr. Ozone Averages

Akron Canton Cleveland Youngstown

0 20 40 60 

## 80 100 120



## 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011CONCENTRATION (PPB)



### 3 YEAR PERIOD BEGINNING WITH 2002-2011 

## 3 Year Average of 4th High 8-Hr. Ozone Averages

CINCINNATI COLUMBUS RAPCA TOLEDO



## 33 

# Figure 22

## 34 CO Trends The database for carbon monoxide (CO) is less extensive than for sulfur dioxide or ozone. A comparative plot of changes in CO inpast years for ten major Ohio cities is presented. One centralcity monitor in each urban area was selected to yield data for a study of 8-hour average CO concentrations. Data for the years 2002-2011 are used in the graphs. See Figure 23 for the results of this study.

### 0 2 4 6 8 10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Akron 

## Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High

0 2 4 6 8 10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Canton Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High



## 35 

# Figure 23

### 0 2 4 6 8 10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Cincinnati Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High

0 2 4 6 8 10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Cleveland Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High



# 36 Figure 23 (continued)

### 0 2 4 6 8 10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Columbus Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High

0 2 4 6 8 10

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Dayton Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High



# 37 Figure 23 (continued)

### 0 2 4 6 8 10



## 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Lake Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High

0 2 4 6 8 10



## 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Concentration (ppm)



## Year 

## Steubenville Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours Selected Center City Site



## High Second High



## 38 

# Figure 23 (continued)

## 39 IV. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM A. GENERAL Air monitoring data collected by State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS)are required to meet Quality Assurance guidance in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 58. That appendix specifies the minimum quality system requirements for SLAMS data for the pollutants SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## , O 3 

## , CO, Lead, PM 2.5 

## , and PM 10 

## . Air monitoring agencies are required to have a quality system in place. The quality system is the means by which an organization manages the quality of the monitoring data it produces in a systematic, organized manner. It provides a framework for planning, implementing, assessing and reporting work performed by an organization. It provides for required quality assurance and quality control activities. A quality system includes an overall Quality Management Plan and specific Quality Assurance Project Plans for the pollutants measured. For air monitoring data the measurements of accuracy and precision are integral to the quality assurance and quality control of the data. Accuracy is defined as the degree the measurement is close to the true value of the parameter measured. Precision is defined as the repeatability of the measurements. B. Accuracy and Precision Requirements Accuracy requirements for manual Lead, PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## samplers and continuous PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## monitors include audits of the flow rate of each sampler compared to a known flow rate at least once every 6 months. For continuous monitors for SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## , O 3 

## , and CO, quarterly audits of at least 25% of the analyzers are recommended. One audit per monitor per calendar year is required. During the audits the analyzers are tested with a gas in three specific concentration levels. Precision requirements for Lead, PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## are met by selecting sites in areas of expected highest concentration for side-by-side (collocated) sampling. Duplicate samples for comparison purposes are collected on an every 12-day schedule although it may be more frequent. Each PM 2.5 

## sampler or continuous PM 2.5 

## monitor should have a quality control flow rate verification each month. Each Lead and PM 10 

## sampler should have a flow rate verification every quarter. For continuous SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## , O 3 

## , and CO monitors the determination of precision is by a onepoint quality control check against a gas of known concentration at least once every two weeks for each analyzer. The analyzers are operated in the normal sampling mode during this check.

## 40 The accuracy audit data and the precision data are collected by local and state agencies and reported to the US EPA Air Quality System (AQS) within 90 days of the quarter when they were performed. C. The Statistics of Accuracy and Precision Statistical calculations are available from reports in the Air Quality System as calculated from the reported accuracy and precision data. Calculations are as shown in Appendix A of 40 CFR 58. The results of those data are available to the reporting organization that collected the data and to other AQS data users. Statistics that are available for 1-Point Quality Control include results for percent of data completeness, coefficient of variation (CV) and bias for each analyzer plus a combined summary for the reporting organization for the pollutant. Results of collocated data for PM 10 

## and for PM 2.5 

## include the number of collocated data pairs, the percentage completeness and the coefficient of variation. For manual PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## accuracy the number of flow rate audits, the percent completeness and the lower and upper confidence limits are included. For accuracy statistics the summary results that are included in the accompanying tables for SO 2 

## , NO 2, 

## CO and O 3 

## include 1-Point Confidence Limits and percentage of data between confidence limits. In general lower numbers for the coefficient of variation are desirable because indicates more consistency of the test measurements. For SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## and CO 10% is the CV upper target. For those pollutants 10% is the bias target also. For O 3 

## 7% is the CV target and 7% for bias. For PM 2.5 

## 10% or less is the target for precision. For PM 2.5 

## accuracy audits less than 5% for design is the upper limit. For QA statistics 100% data completeness is desired. Tables 5-8 give summaries of the percent completeness, coefficient of variation and bias for precision and 1-point confidence limits and percent of data between confidence limits for accuracy for each reporting organization in the state, for SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## , CO and O 3 

## monitors

. 

## Tables 9-11 give summaries of number of duplicate samples, percent completeness and coefficient of variation for precision and percent completeness and lower and upper confidence limits for accuracy for PM 10 

## , PM 2.5 

## and Lead.

## TABLE 5 Continuous Sulfur Dioxide 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data Precision Accuracy(%) LAA/DO % Complete CV Bias 1- Point Confidence Limits %Between Conf. Lim. Lower Upper Northeast District 100 4. 59 +/ - 3.6 7 - 9. 03 7.3 7 100 Northwest District 100 6.71 +/ - 4.94 - 11.03 11.69 100 S outheast District 100 5.65 +/ - 4.15 - 10.2 4 10 . 6 4 100 Akron 100 4.44 +/ - 3.6 5 - 6.78 8.92 60 HCDOES 100 4.95 +/ - 4.47 - 12.15 5.71 81 Cleveland 100 3. 63 +/ - 2. 91 - 7. 53 5.8 7 80 RAPCA 100 7.12 +/ - 6.10 - 9.23 15.37 100 Lake County 92 6.20 +/ - 5.37 - 7.49 13.49 100 Portsmouth 100 5.25 +/ - 4.26 - 10.04 8.72 100 Mahoning - Trumbull 100 1. 5 8 +/ - 1. 28 - 2. 71 2.33 58 41

## TABLE 6 Continuous Nitrogen Dioxide 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data Precision Accuracy (%) ______________ _ LAA/DO % Complete CV Bias 1- Point Confidence Limits %Between Conf. Lim. L ower Upper _________________________ HCDOES 100 4.62 - 6.25 - 12.74 2.84 100 Cleveland 100 5.83 +/ - 4.77 - 9.09 10.71 10042

## TABLE 7 Continuous Carbon Monoxide 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data Precision Accuracy(%) LAA/DO %Complete CV %Bias 1 - Point Confidence Limits %Between Conf. Lim. Lower Upper Central District 100 1. 11 +/ - 0.90 - 2. 03 1. 75 0 Akron 100 2.81 - 2.42 - 5.93 3.93 42 Canton 100 7.63 +8.16 - 6.65 17.95 100 HCDOES 100 15.03 +/ - 10.51 - 25.92 26.78 100 Cleveland 100 3.90 +/ - 3.24 - 7.44 6.62 80 RAPCA 100 10.28 +/ - 7.60 - 20.98 15.10 100 Lake County 92 2.41 +/ - 1.85 - 3.93 3.67 6743

## TABLE 8 Continuous Ozone 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data Precision Accuracy(%) LAA/DO % Co mplete CV Bias 1- Point Confidence Limits %Between Conf. Lim. Lower Upper Central District 100 2.03 +/ - 1. 47 - 3.62 3. 84 64 Northeast District 100 5. 00 +/ - 3.59 - 7.18 9.96 100 Northwest District 100 4.27 - 3.49 - 8.21 6.43 100 S outheast District 100 4.95 +/ - 4.24 - 8.95 8.17 100 Southwest District 93 2.00 +/ - 1.68 - 2.09 3.67 17 Akron 100 2.93 +/ - 2.27 - 4.51 5.69 83 Canton 91 5.18 +/ - 3.79 - 10 . 00 7.32 81 HCDOES 100 1.97 +/ - 2. 07 - 2.12 5.08 75 Cleveland 100 1.54 +1. 45 - 1.78 3.76 53 RAPCA 100 1. 54 +/ - 1. 28 - 2.43 3.01 50 Lake County 93 2.2 0 - 2.04 - 5.01 2.37 74 Portsmouth 100 4. 42 +/ - 3.51 - 7.30 7.62 67 Toledo 100 1.50 +/ - 0. 74 - 2.24 2.82 17 Mahoning - Trumbull 98 0. 88 +0. 77 - 0. 97 1.99 5244

## TABLE 9 PM- 2.5 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data

_______________________________________________________________________________ ____ LAA/DO ____________ Precision _____ Coef. Of Variation ____ ___ ________ Accuracy __ ________________ Number/ Checks _% Complete ___ CV____ Audits ___ %Com _____ LO_______ UP_ Central District 55 100 8.79 15 100 - 1. 07 1.57 Northeast District 81 100 7.11 8 100 - 0.82 0.26 Northwest Di strict NA NA NA 3 100 - 6.75 6.69 Southeast District 57 100 7.82 9 100 - 0.79 0.97 Akron 55 100 12.28 22 100 - 3.53 3.31 Canton 84 100 6.10 15 100 - 1. 61 3.01 HCDOES 11 1 100 4. 04 55 100 - 5.80 6.48 Cleveland 18 60 4.03 27 100 - 2.69 3.21 RAPCA 71 100 4.41 25 100 - 3.07 3.69 Lake County 58 100 6.76 6 100 - 3.47 2.51 Portsmouth 42 100 6. 90 8 100 - 1. 85 1. 75 Toledo 46 100 11. 83 16 100 - 1.77 1.89 Mahoning - Trumbull 58 100 4. 4 2 16 100 - 4.25 1. 6245

## TABLE 10 PM- 10 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data

_______________________________________________________________________________ _ ____ LAA/DO ____________ Precision _____ Coef. Of Variation ____ ___ ________ Accuracy __ _ ________________ Number/Checks _% Complete ___ CV____ Audits ___ %Com _____ LO_______ UP__ Central District 60 100 3.22 6 100 - 2.25 1.4 1 Northeast District 53 100 9.51 15 100 - 10.81 9.95 Sout heast District 44 100 8.99 6 100 - 1.46 1.76 HCDOES 52 100 3.74 11 92 - 7.00 7.96 Cleveland 51 100 10.61 23 100 - 2.11 5.69 RAPCA 58 100 3.34 4 75 - 8.60 1.45 Lake County 58 100 4. 65 8 100 - 11. 93 1.3 6 Portsmouth 107 100 5.10 7 75 - 3.16 2.24 Mahoning - Trumbull 121 100 3. 53 12 100 - 2.92 4. 06 Toledo FR Ver. 34 100 Bias±1.20 6 100 - 2.80 3.3046

## TABLE 11 Lead 20 11 Precision and Accuracy Data

____________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____ LAA/DO ____________ Precision _____ Coef. Of Variation ___ ___ ______ __ Accuracy __ ________________ Number/Checks _ #Valid %Complete __ CV___ Audits _%Com ____ LO_______ UP_ Central District NA 100 - 1.2 1 3.05 Northeast District 58 14 100 5.00 15 100 - 2.97 4.41 Northwest District (1) 56 27 100 19.49 18 80 - 5. 11 4.49 Southeast District 59 0 100 (3) 1 NA Southwest District (1) 56 27 100 19.49 3 10 0 - 5.92 5.13 HCDOES 26 0 87 (3) 5 100 - 3.94 14.31 Cleveland 11 7 35 100 6.92 14 100 - 3.21 7.3 9 RAPCA 14 0 100 (3) 2 100 0.34 15.74 Mahoning - Trumbul l (2) 55 0 100 (3) 4 100 - 2.75 1.49 Canton (2) 55 0 100 (3) 2 100 - 20.16 24.60 (1) Same PQAO (2) Same PQAO (3) Most lead colo data below 0.02 g/m 3 

## for statistics47

## Blank Page 46

## V. AIR QUALITY DATA 2011

## Blank Page 86

## 51 Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Total suspended particulate matter is defined as any liquid (aerosol) or solid substance found in the atmosphere. Particles larger than approximately 100 microns in diameter settle rapidly due to gravity and are not considered suspended particulates. Fly ash, process dusts, soot and oil aerosols are all common forms of suspended particulate matter. The major sources of particulate pollution are industrial processes, electric power generation, industrial fuel combustion, and dust from plowed fields, roadways, or construction sites. Particulate pollution causes a wide range of damage to materials, as well as limiting visibility and reducing the amount of sunlight reaching the earth. Components of particulates may be harmful, such as sulfates, nitrates and metals. The major adverse health effects on humans are related to damage to the respiratory system through interference with the lung's natural cleansing process. Such adverse health effects are dependent, in a general sense, upon (1) the concentration, size and chemical composition of the particles of which the TSP consists and (2) the concentration and composition of any pollutant gases in combination with it. Particles greater than 10 microns in diameter can rarely penetrate below the larynx and, therefore, are less likely to damage the respiratory system. Particles less than 6 microns in diameter can penetrate the bronchial passage and those of less than 1 micron in diameter can usually penetrate and be deposited in the capillaries and alveoli of the lungs. (I.M. Campbell, Energy and the Atmosphere: A Physical Chemical Approach, John Wiley & Sons, LTD., 1977). An inhaled particle may exert a toxic effect in one or more of the following four ways: (1) the particle may be intrinsically toxic because of its inherent chemical or physical characteristics; (2) the particle may interfere with one or more of the mechanisms that normally clear the respiratory track; (3) the particle may act as a carrier of an absorbed toxic substance; or (4) the particle may act as a carrier of an absorbent toxic substance. It is difficult to obtain direct relationships between exposures to various concentrations of TSP and resulting effects upon human health because of the problems of isolating the effects of TSP from those of other environmental pollutants and of

## 52 reproducing in the laboratory the exact conditions that prevail in the ambient air. Also, it has been observed that exposure to TSP in combination with other pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO 2 

## ) produces more severe effects than does exposure to each pollutant separately. Nevertheless, statistical analyses of morbidity and mortality data do indicate a relationship between increased TSP concentrations and increased numbers of hospital and clinic admissions for upper respiratory infections, cardiac diseases, bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, emphysema and the like. (Air Pollution: Its Origin and Control, Harper & Row, 1976.) TSP ceased to be a criteria pollutant on August 1, 1987, having been replaced by PM 10 

## . Starting in 1987 TSP sampling was gradually replaced by ten micron particulate sampling (PM 10 

## ). There were over 200 TSP monitors in 1987. In 2011 there were 9 monitors reporting TSP data, all are used for lead or other metals monitoring. In July 1997 the U.S. EPA promulgated regulations adding a National Ambient Air Quality Standard for 2.5 micron particulate matter (PM 2.5 

## ). The PM 2.5 

## monitors supplement and partially replace the PM 10 

## network. They started collecting data in January 1999. Sampling Method TSP is measured by the high-volume air sampler method. This instrument draws measured volumes of air through a pre-weighed glass fiber or quartz filter for a specific time (normally 24 hours). Particulate matter in the air is trapped on the filter, which is then re-weighed to determine the mass of the particulates collected. Results are reported as micrograms of particulate matter per cubic meter of air ( μ g/m 3 

## ). Normal sampling is done intermittently with 24-hour samples taken once every six days.UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Suspended particulate (TSP) (11101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (25 C) (001)

24-HOUR

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH # OBS 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX 4TH MAX ARITH MEAN GEO. MEAN GEO. STD CERT EDT 39-017-0015 39-017-0015 39-029-0020 39-035-0038 39-035-0042 39-035-0049 39-035-0060 39-035-0061 39-035-0072 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1259

1259 0807 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 Middletown Middletown East Liverpool Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Warrensville Heights Butler Butler Columbiana Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 091 091 091 091 091 091 091 091 091 56 26 58 58 58 60 2 59 58 115 108 195 123 91 137 92 162 159 102 62 72 111 86 129

70 102 114 64 51 71 106 82 115

99 93 64 50 71 92 72 111

96 93 36.9 34.7 37.3 45.4 37.1 59.8 81.0* 52.0 34.1 31.9 29.7 31.5 39.5 32.7 51.7 80.2 45.4 26.3 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.2 1.7 2.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3901 LEFFERSON 3901 LEFFERSON 2220 MICHIGAN 2547 ST TIKHON 3136 LORAIN AVE., F.S. 4 E. 56TH ST. E. 14TH & ORANGE W. SIDE OF WEST 3RD. 26565 MILES ROAD53

## 54 Particulate Matter (<10 μ , PM 10 

## ) On July 1, 1987, the U.S. EPA promulgated revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter. The primary standard includes only those particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers. This standard is referred to as the PM 10 

## standard (particulate matter <10 micrometers). From July 1987 until July 18, 1997 the annual standard was 50 μ g/m 3 

## annual arithmetic mean (average over three years' data). The 24-hour standard, not to be exceeded more than once, was 150 μ g/m 3 

## . The standard is that the 24-hour level of 150 μ g/m 3 

## is not to be exceeded more than once per year averaged over three years. The annual standard was retained until the changes to the particulate standards that became effective on December 18, 2006 when the 24-Hour standard was retained and the annual standard was revoked. The standards were changed in July 1997, when the PM 2.5 

## standard was promulgated. Changing the standard from TSP to PM 10 

## and then adding PM 2.5 

## was due to research findings concerning particle size. Particulate matter can harm body tissue such as the linings of the nose and throat and the lungs by simple mechanical irritation. Nasal hairs and sneezing are the body's natural defenses against some of the relatively large particles (15-100 microns). However, small particles can slip past these defenses and penetrate deep into the lungs where they can damage lung tissues. Because of the final action to set the fine particulate standards by U.S. EPA to replace TSP, the Ohio Air Monitoring Network was expanded to include 21 PM 10 

## sites in 1986, to 45 in 1988 and to a high of 91 in 1997. During the year 2011 monitors were operated at 36 sites. Samples are taken each weekday at urban sites used in reporting the Air Quality Index (AQI).Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM10 Total 0-10um STP (81102) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (25 C) (001)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH MAX CERT EDT 39-003-0006 39-003-0007 39-003-0008 39-017-0003 39-017-0015 39-029-0020 39-029-0022 39-035-0038 39-035-0045 39-035-0060 39-035-0060 39-035-0065 39-035-1002 39-049-0024 39-049-0024 39-057-0005 39-061-0014 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 0743

0743 0743 1259 1259 0807 0807 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 0805 0805 0287 1259 Lima Lima Lima Middletown Middletown East Liverpool East Liverpool Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Newburgh Heights Brook Park Columbus Columbus Yellow Springs Cincinnati Allen Allen Allen Butler Butler Columbiana Columbiana Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Franklin Franklin Greene Hamilton 1314 FINDLAY RD. ROUSCH RD. NORTH STREET BONITA & ST JOHN 3901 LEFFERSON 2220 MICHIGAN 500 MARYLAND 2547 ST TIKHON 4950 BROADWAY AVE. E. 14TH & ORANGE E. 14TH & ORANGE 4600 HARVARD AVE. 16900 HOLLAND RD. STATE FAIRGROUNDS STATE FAIRGROUNDS 100 DAYTON ST. SEYMOUR & VINE ST. 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 062 062 062 063 063 062 062 063 063 063 079 063 063 063 063 062 063 34 37 27 52 57 40 37 68 50 168 143

75 38 86 78 45 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR VALID DAYS 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 183 61 61 365 61 61 61 61 61 61 DAY MAX >STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 15 15 57 61 58 58 353 59 60 8685

60 58 61 60 59 51 %OBS 25 25 25 93 100

95 95 100

97 98 100

98 95 100

98 97 84 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX 28 37 21 39 54 39 36 65 47 96 122 69 31 71 77 31 40 28 34 21 31 38 35 35 62 45 84 119 68 31 54 53 30 37 27 31 20 30 36 34 35 62 41 80 117 64 31 49 47 30 36 EST DAYS >STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.571

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20.3* 21.9* 15.9* 18.0 20.2 19.3 20.4 24.9 22.9 36.9 29.2 30.7 14.8 23.3 23.2 15.8 20.2*

WTD ARITH

MEAN 15 15 15 57 61 58 58 183 59 60 364 60 58 61 60 59 51 NUM REQ55Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM10 Total 0-10um STP (81102) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (25 C) (001)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH MAX CERT EDT 39-061-0040 39-061-5001 39-061-5001 39-063-0002 39-063-0003 39-063-0004 39-081-0001

39-081-0017 39-085-1001

39-087-0012 39-093-3002 39-095-1003 39-099-0005 39-099-0006 39-099-0006 39-113-7001 39-113-7001 39-145-0013 9 1 2 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1259

1259 1259 0743 0743 0743 0809

0809 0595

0880 0807 0220 0634 0634 0634 0287 0287 0880 Cincinnati Lockland Lockland Findlay Findlay Findlay Not in a city

Steubenville Fairport Harbor (Fairport) Ironton

Toledo Youngstown Youngstown Youngstown Moraine Moraine Portsmouth Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hancock Hancock Hancock

Lake

Lawrence Lorain Lucas Mahoning Mahoning Mahoning Montgomery Montgomery Scioto 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 101 COOPER AVE. 101 COOPER AVE. 9860 C.R. 313 9860 CR 313 C.R. 144 1004 THIRD ST., BRILLIANT 618 LOGAN ST. 325 VINE ST.

450 Commerce Drive 2180 LAKE BREEZE LEE & FRONT 145 MADISON AVE. 1524 OAKLAND AVE. 1524 OAKLAND AVE. 2728 VIKING LANE 2728 VIKING LANE 4862 GALLIA 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 079 063 063 062 062 062 063

063 062

062 062 079 063 063 063 063 063 062 49 43 43 34 46 29 44

43 44

38 48 86 41 46 47 55 53 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR VALID DAYS 365 61 61 61 61 61 61

61 61

61 61 365 61 61 61 61 61 61 DAY MAX >STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7921

57 55 15 15 15 59

60 59

60 57 8592

60 61 61 61 58 61 %OBS 91 93 90 25 25 25 97

98 97

98 93 99 98 100 100 100

95 100 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX 49 36 36 30 42 29 42

42 36

33 26 75 30 35 34 43 44 33 49 31 31 28 36 26 40

42 28

31 26 69 29 33 34 37 37 33 48 31 31 27 27 23 34

41 27

31 25 69 29 29 30 36 36 29 EST DAYS >STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21.6* 17.4 17.9 17.6* 20.3* 17.7* 19.1

21.4 13.9

20.4 14.2 20.4 16.5 17.9 18.0 19.7 19.8 17.3

WTD ARITH

MEAN 331 57 55 15 15 15 59

60 59

60 57 360 60 61 61 61 58 61 NUM REQ56Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM10 Total 0-10um STP (81102) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (25 C) (001)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH MAX CERT EDT 39-145-0013 39-145-0019 39-145-0020 39-145-0021 39-145-0022 39-155-0005 39-155-0005 39-155-0006 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0880

0880 1299 1299 1299 0634 0634 0634 Portsmouth Portsmouth Not in a city Franklin Furnace Not in a city Warren Warren Warren Scioto Scioto Scioto Scioto Scioto Trumbull Trumbull Trumbull 4862 GALLIA 605 WASHINGTON 2840 BACK RD. 2446 GALLIA PIKE 1740 GALLIA PIKE 540 LAIRD AVE. 540 LAIRD AVE. 2323 MAIN AVE. 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 062 062 150 150 150 062 062 062 36 32 40 72 34 40 40 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR VALID DAYS 61 61 365 365 365 61 61 61 DAY MAX >STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 62 8653 8692 8712

60 60 61 %OBS 100 100

99 99 99 98 98 100 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX 35 31 39 57 32 29 28 32 32 30 38 48 32 29 27 28 28 29 36 43 31 28 27 27 EST DAYS >STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.5 18.8 16.1 19.4 13.8 15.5 15.4 16.2

WTD ARITH

MEAN 61 61 360 363 362 60 60 61 NUM REQ57

## 58 Particulate Matter <2.5 μ (PM 2.5 

## ) On July 18, 1997, the U.S. EPA promulgated revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter. The primary standard includes only those particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers. This new standard is referred to as the PM 2.5 

## standard (particulate matter <2.5 micrometers). The annual standard is 15 μ g/m 3 

## annual arithmetic mean (average over three consecutive years' data). The 24-hour standard is met when the 98 th 

## percentile concentration averaged over three consecutive years, is less than or equal to 35 μ g/m 3 

## . The 24-Hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard was changed from 65 μ g/m 3 

## to 35 μ g/m 3 

## effective in December 2006. This revision to the particulate matter program is due to research findings concerning particle size. Particulate matter can harm body tissue such as the linings of the nose and throat and the lungs by simple mechanical irritation. Nasal hairs and sneezing are the body's natural defenses against some of the relatively large particles (15-100 microns). However, small particles can slip past these defenses and penetrate deep into the lungs where they can damage lung tissues. Because of the final action to set the fine particulate standards by U.S. EPA to supplement PM 10 

## , the Ohio Air Monitoring Network had a peak of 52 sites in 2008. There were 45 PM 2.5 

## sites in 2011. Those 45 sites have a total of 95 monitors reporting data. There are 25 continuous monitors of which 5 are Federal Equivalent Method monitors and 14 speciation monitors in addition to the 63 Federal Reference monitors. The Federal Reference and Federal Equivalent Method monitors are used to determine compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, the speciation monitors are used for analysis to determine the composition of the particulate and the continuous monitors are primarily used for the Air Quality Index and for “real time” reporting of particulate data to the public. Since most continuous and all speciation analysis monitors are not Federal Reference or Equivalent Methods those data are not used to determine compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH NUM CRED DAYS 4TH MAX CERT EDT 39-003-0009 39-009-0003

39-017-0003 39-017-0016 39-017-0019 39-017-0020 39-023-0005 39-025-0022 39-035-0034 39-035-0038 39-035-0038 39-035-0045 39-035-0060 39-035-0065 39-035-1002 39-049-0024 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0808

0809

1259 1259 1259 1259 0287 1259 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 0229 0805 Lima Not in a city

Middletown

Middletown Middletown

Batavia Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Newburgh Heights Brook Park Columbus Allen Athens

Butler Butler Butler Butler Clark Clermont Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Franklin 2850 BIBLE ROAD S.R. 377 GIFFORD STATE FOREST BONITA & ST JOHN 400 NILLES RD. 1300 OXFORD STATE ROAD 3350 YANKEE ROAD 350 N. FOUNTAIN AVE. 2400 CLERMONT CENTER DR. 891 E. 152 ST. 2547 ST TIKHON 2547 ST TIKHON 4950 BROADWAY AVE. E. 14TH & ORANGE 4600 HARVARD AVE. 16900 HOLLAND RD. STATE 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 142 120

142 142 142 142 142 000 120 000 000 120 120 120 120 120 28.0 22.8

32.2 30.4 32.0 30.6 30.4 33.2 27.1 37.9 27.3 28.5 28.2 28.9 27.5 31.0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR 98TH PERCENTILE VALUE 28.0 18.5

28.8 26.8 28.4 28.3 28.0 30.2 22.6 29.7 27.3 25.2 26.5 27.0 23.9 23.6 42 57

119 116 69 57 121 61 117 121 27 119 117 115 117 113 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX 24.7 18.5

30.8 27.7 28.4 28.3 29.3 30.2 24.5 36.2 24.5 26.3 26.6 27.8 25.4 23.7 23.5 18.0

28.8 26.8 28.1 27.3 28.0 28.0 22.6 29.7 23.8 25.2 26.5 27.0 23.9 23.6 18.3 17.7

27.5 26.6 27.5 25.2 26.5 20.1 21.7 29.4 23.7 23.5 26.4 26.0 22.7 23.3 10.84* 8.72

12.70 12.39 12.74* 13.60* 12.31 11.04 10.03 12.57 12.77 11.86 12.53 12.64 10.41 11.86 WTD ARITH

MEAN59Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH NUM CRED DAYS 4TH MAX CERT EDT

39-049-0025 39-049-0025 39-049-0029 39-049-0081 39-057-0005 39-057-0005 39-061-0006 39-061-0010 39-061-0014 39-061-0014 39-061-0040 39-061-0040 39-061-0040 39-061-0042 39-081-0017 39-081-0017 39-081-1001 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 4 1 1 3 1 0805

0805 0805 0805 0287 0287 1259 1259 1259 1259 1259 1259 1259 1259 0809 0809 0809 Columbus Columbus New Albany Columbus Yellow Springs Yellow Springs Blue Ash Cleves Cincinnati Cincinnati Cincinnati Cincinnati Cincinnati Cincinnati Steubenville Steubenville Mingo Junction Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Greene Greene Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton FAIRGROUNDS 1700 ANN ST. 1700 ANN ST. 7600 FODOR RD. 5750 MAPLE CANYON 100 DAYTON ST. 100 DAYTON ST. 11590 GROOMS RD 6950 RIPPLE RD. SEYMOUR & VINE ST. SEYMOUR & VINE ST. 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 2101 W. 8TH ST. 618 LOGAN ST. 618 LOGAN ST. 501 COMMERICAL 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 120 120 170 120 142 142 120 120 120 120 142 170 142 142 000 170 120 31.4 25.6 31.7 28.9 29.4 14.4 33.1 28.3 29.4 29.7 30.8 36.6 29.0 33.7 36.8 35.9 24.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR 98TH PERCENTILE VALUE

23.6 22.6 26.6 21.4 26.4 14.4 25.7 26.2 28.2 28.4 29.7 29.5 28.8 30.2 29.9 33.5 24.9 115 58 359 115 116 15 114 52 118 59 112 172 59 119 291 160 54 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX

26.0 22.6 30.6 24.3 28.5 12.7 28.0 26.2 29.0 28.4 30.5 31.4 28.8 31.0 34.9 35.9 24.9 23.6 22.2 30.3 21.4 26.4 12.2 25.7 26.0 28.2 27.3 29.7 30.9 22.6 30.2 34.4 34.1 23.2 23.6 20.2 29.2 21.4 25.2 12.2 25.4 23.0 28.0 24.7 28.9 29.5 21.9 29.5 34.1 33.5 22.4 11.42 11.16 11.91 10.95 11.31 8.24* 11.74 11.77* 13.24 13.30 12.17 13.44* 11.85 13.34 12.60* 13.78* 11.37 WTD ARITH

MEAN60Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH NUM CRED DAYS 4TH MAX CERT EDT 39-081-1001 39-085-0007 39-085-0007 39-087-0012 39-093-3002 39-093-3002 39-095-0024 39-095-0024 39-095-0026 39-095-0028 39-099-0005 39-099-0005 39-099-0014 39-103-0004 39-103-0004 39-113-0032 39-113-0032 39-133-0002 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 0809

0595 0595 0880 0807 0807 0220 0220 0220 0220 0634 0634 0634 0012 0012 0287 0287 0012 Mingo Junction Painesville Painesville Ironton

Toledo Toledo Toledo Toledo Youngstown Youngstown Youngstown Not in a city Not in a city Dayton Dayton Ravenna Lake Lake Lawrence Lorain Lorain Lucas Lucas Lucas Lucas Mahoning Mahoning Mahoning Medina Medina Montgomery Montgomery Portage 501 COMMERICAL 177 MAIN STREET 177 MAIN STREET 450 Commerce Drive 2180 LAKE BREEZE 2180 LAKE BREEZE 348 S. ERIE 348 S. ERIE 4208 AIRPORT HIGHWAY 600 COLLINS PARK 145 MADISON AVE. 145 MADISON AVE. 345 OAKHILL AVE. BALLASH ROAD BALLASH ROAD 215 EAST THIRD ST. 215 EAST THIRD ST. 531 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 120 120 120 120 120 120 000 000 118 118 120 120 120 120 170 145 145 000 27.8 25.3 26.5 27.1 24.7 23.1 27.6 23.5 24.2 29.0 37.0 31.5 29.5 30.7 30.3 31.5 32.1 28.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR 98TH PERCENTILE VALUE 27.8 23.3 22.7 22.9 23.1 20.0 26.4 23.2 23.5 25.5 25.0 24.9 24.8 25.0 30.3 28.5 29.1 23.2 48 117 60 111 119 55 107 55 113 115 60 59 118 112 46 117 61 116 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX 21.2 24.5 22.7 23.5 23.6 20.0 26.6 23.2 23.9 26.7 25.0 24.9 29.3 27.9 24.6 29.9 29.1 25.8 20.0 23.3 21.2 22.9 23.1 19.2 26.4 21.3 23.5 25.5 20.0 19.5 24.8 25.0 24.4 28.5 24.9 23.2 19.5 22.5 19.5 21.8 21.6 18.0 25.5 18.3 23.4 25.3 19.7 19.1 24.7 23.6 23.5 27.5 23.0 22.5 10.56* 9.44 9.08 10.78 9.38 9.35 10.76 9.75 10.69 11.42 10.69 10.51 11.32 10.81 12.73* 12.18 11.71 10.48 WTD ARITH

MEAN61Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH NUM CRED DAYS 4TH MAX CERT EDT

39-135-1001

39-145-0013 39-145-0013 39-151-0017 39-151-0017 39-151-0020 39-153-0017 39-153-0017 39-153-0017 39-153-0023 39-155-0005 39-165-0007 1

1 2 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 0287

0880 0880 0151 0151 0151 0012 0012 0012 0012 0634 1259 New Paris

Portsmouth Portsmouth Canton Canton Canton Akron Akron Akron Akron Warren Lebanon Preble

Scioto Scioto Stark Stark Stark Summit Summit Summit Summit Trumbull Warren WASHINGTON 6940 OXFORD GETTYSBURG RD. 4862 GALLIA 4862 GALLIA 1330 DUEBER 1330 DUEBER 420 MARKET 80 BRITTAIN 80 BRITTAIN 80 BRITTAIN 660 W. EXCHANGE ST. 540 LAIRD AVE. 416 SOUTHEAST ST. 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 145

120 120 000 142 142 118 118 170 118 120 000 26.8

32.1 21.3 33.7 26.6 26.0 29.5 25.6 26.8 28.4 28.1 29.6 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24-HOUR 98TH PERCENTILE VALUE

24.9

21.2 20.5 28.1 26.5 23.1 26.6 24.7 25.7 24.8 24.9 28.4 116

116 56 332 55 114 150 57 103 116 119 59 1ST MAX 2ND MAX 3RD MAX

24.9

22.5 20.5 33.6 26.5 24.0 27.0 24.7 26.0 26.0 25.5 28.4 24.9

21.2 20.1 31.9 25.3 23.1 26.6 21.2 25.7 24.8 24.9 25.5 24.1

21.1 18.7 29.4 21.6 22.3 26.4 20.7 25.3 23.0 23.6 22.0 10.87

10.18 10.05 12.79 11.76* 11.28 11.63 11.16 12.60* 11.11 10.56 11.03 WTD ARITH

MEAN62

## PM-2.5 Continuous Monitor Data Site ID POC Rep Org City County Address Year Method #OBS 1st Max 2nd Max 3rd Max 4th Max Arith Mean 39-001-0001 3 0880 West Union Adams 210 N. Wilson Dr. 2011 750 7683 71.6 69.4 68.2 67.2 10.73 1-Hr 39-001-0001 3 0880 West Union Adams 210 N. Wils on Dr. 2011 750 319 37.3 35.7 34.8 30.9 10.69 24-Hr 39-003-0009 3 0808 Allen 2850 Bible Rd. 2011 701 8514 103.5 83.5 66.8 58.8 6.84 1-Hr 39-003-0009 3 0808 Allen 2850 Bible Rd. 2011 701 354 29.5 24.3 23.0 22.7 6.79 24-Hr 39-017-0019 3 1259 Middletown Butler Oxford Rd. 2011 750 147 35.3 35.1 27.4 27.1 11.24 24-Hr 39-017-0019 3 1259 Middletown Butler Oxford Rd. 2011 750 3590 82.0 72.6 64.5 59.9 11.36 1-Hr 39-017-0020 3 1259 Middletown Butler Yankee Rd. 2011 750 148 38.5 36.4 32 .9 32.0 12.99 24-Hr 39-017-0020 3 1259 Middletown Butler Yankee Rd. 2011 750 3555 62.3 61.3 60.9 60.6 13.06 1-Hr 39-023-0005 3 0287 Springfield Clark 350 N. Fountain Ave. 2011 750 339 32.5 30.2 29.0 28.8 11.97 24-Hr 39-023-0005 3 287 Springfield Clark 350 N. Fountain Ave. 2011 750 8134 95.1 66.6 62.3 57.8 12.01 1-Hr 39-025-0022 3 1259 Batavia Clermont 2400 Clermont C enter Dr. 2011 760 8641 56.8 53.5 53.5 50.0 12.66 1-Hr 39-025-0022 3 1259 Batavia Clermont 2400 Clermont Center Dr. 2011 760 362 38.5 36.8 35.9 35.5 12.63 24-Hr 39-035-0038 3 0229 Cleveland Cuyahoga 2547 St. Tikhon 2011 760 124 40.7 32.4 29.0 27.9 13.38 24-Hr 39-035-0038 3 0229 Cleveland Cuyahoga 2547 St. Tikhon 2011 760 3019 131.8 78.1 65.2 63.2 13.42 1-Hr 39-035-0060 3 0229 Cleve land Cuyahoga E. 14th & Orange 2011 760 8667 93.2 90.4 88.9 86.2 16.14 1-Hr 39-035-0060 3 0229 Cleveland Cuyahoga E. 14th & Orange 2011 760 362 64.2 50.4 39.4 36.5 16.11 24-Hr 39-049-0029 3 0805 New Albany Franklin 7600 Fodor Rd. 2011 170 359 31.7 30.6 30.3 29.2 11.91 24-Hr 39-049-0034 3 0805 Columbus Franklin Korbel Ave. 2011 701 8692 123.1 119.1 90.1 71.5 8.89 1-Hr 39-049-0034 3 0805 Columbus Franklin Korbel Ave. 2011 701 362 27.8 27.0 25.9 25.1 8.83 24-Hr 39-057-0005 3 0287 Yellow Springs Greene 314 Dayton St. 2011 750 299 34.2 29.4 28.9 27.7 10.85 24-Hr 39-057-0005 3 0287 Yellow Springs Greene 314 Dayton St. 2011 750 7302 64.9 63.9 63.0 62.7 10.90 1-Hr 39-061-0006 3 1259 Cincinnati Hamilton 11590 Grooms Rd. 2011 750 300 42.8 38. 4 38.0 35.1 13.56 24-Hr 39-061-0006 3 1259 Cincinnati Hamilton 11590 Groo ms Rd. 2011 750 7231 70.4 63.3 62.1 61.7 13.62 1-Hr 39-061-0010 3 1259 Cleves Hamilton 6950 Ripple Rd 2011 731 175 38.8 32.9 32.7 31.9 12.42 24-Hr 39-061-0010 3 1259 Cleves Hamilton 6950 Ripple Rd 2011 731 4288 67.9 62.9 60.8 60.8 12.53 1-Hr 39-061-0040 3 1259 Cincinnati Hamilton 250 Wm Howa rd Taft 2011 760 742 54.4 54.0 52.9 48.0 20.59 1-Hr 39-061-0040 3 1259 Cincinnati Hamilton 250 Wm Howa rd Taft 2011 760 31 32.0 31.0 29.8 27.5 20.53 24-Hr

Hourly data not to be compared to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards63

## PM-2.5 Continuous Monitor Data Site ID POC Rep Org City County Address Year Method #OBS 1st Max 2nd Max 3rd Max 4th Max Arith Mean 39-081-0017 3 0809 Steubenville Jefferson 618 Logan St. 2011 701 189 25.3 24.3 23.6 22.7 8.49 24-Hr 39-081-0017 3 0809 Steubenville Jefferson 618 Logan St. 2011 701 4560 140.8 97.2 88.0 74.1 8.60 1-Hr 39-085-0007 3 0595 Painesville Lake 177 Main St. 2011 760 8738 40.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 10.04 1-Hr 39-085-0007 3 0595 Painesville Lake 177 Main St. 2011 760 165 33.9 29.6 28.7 28.4 10.00 24-Hr 39-087-0012 3 0880 Ironton Lawrence 450 Commerce Dr. 2011 750 364 45.5 44.1 42.5 41.9 13.67 24-Hr 39-087-0012 3 0880 Ironton Lawrence 450 Commerce Dr. 2011 750 8746 210.9 121.5 120.9 107.7 13.70 1-Hr 39-093-3002 3 0807 Sheffield Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze 2011 760 5295 74.3 73.9 65.5 64.6 8.66 1-Hr 39-093-3002 3 0807 Sheffield Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze 2011 760 218 28.8 23.8 22 .9 21.6 8.60 24-Hr 39-093-3002 3 0807 Sheffield Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze 2011 701 122 27.5 27.0 22.5 22.2 7.28 24-Hr 39-093-3002 3 0807 Sheffield Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze 2011 701 2912 64.5 56.5 52.0 49.6 7.32 1-Hr 39-095-0024 3 0220 Toledo Lucas 348 S. Erie 2011 701 8656 74.4 63.6 60.9 54.3 10.16 1-Hr 39-095-0024 3 0220 Toledo Lucas 348 S. Erie 2011 701 362 40.9 27.0 26.7 26.3 10.10 24-Hr 39-099-0014 3 0634 Youngstown Mahoning 345 Oakhill Ave. 2011 701 364 33.5 29.3 27.0 25.8 11.35 24-Hr 39-099-0014 3 0634 Youngstown Mahoning 345 Oakhill Ave. 2011 701 8716 79.4 73.3 63.1 62.1 11.40 1-Hr 39-103-0004 3 0012 Medina Ballash Rd. 2011 170 46 30.3 24.6 24.4 23.5 12.73 24-Hr 39-113-0032 3 0287 Dayton Montgomery 215 East Third St. 2011 750 339 34.1 33.2 32.2 32.0 12.53 24-Hr 39-113 -0032 3 0287 Dayton Montgomery 215 East Third St. 2011 750 8164 113.7 102.4 92.4 78.9 12.53 1-Hr 39-135-1001 3 0287 Preble National Trails 2011 750 8729 57.8 57.2 52.9 51.9 11.11 1-Hr 39-135-1001 3 0287 Preble National Trails 2 011 750 365 31.2 31.0 29.0 28.9 11.08 24-Hr 39-151-0020 3 0151 Canton Stark 420 Market 2011 000 358 29.2 26.7 25.4 24.8 8.48 24-Hr 39-151-0020 3 0151 Canton Stark 420 Market 2011 000 8567 97.7 85.2 78.4 67.4 8.54 1-Hr 39-153-0017 3 0012 Akron Summit 80 Brittain 2011 170 103 26.8 26.0 25.7 25.3 12.60 24-Hr 39-155-0005 3 0634 Warren Trumbull 540 Laird Ave. 2011 701 8657 120.8 102.2 82.2 62.1 11.14 1-Hr 39-155-0005 3 0634 Warren Trumbull 540 Laird Ave. 2011 701 361 35.9 31.0 28.1 27.9 11.09 24-Hr 39-165-0007 3 1259 Lebanon Warren 416 Southeast S. 2011 731 325 38.9 35.1 34.9 33.9 13.81 24-Hr 39-165-0007 3 1259 Lebanon Warren 416 Southeast S. 2011 731 7928 63.1 60.4 58.2 57.0 13.76 1-Hr

Hourly data not to be compared to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards64

# PM-2.5 Speciation Monitor Data Site ID POC Rep Org City County Address Year Method #OBS 1st Max 2nd Max 3rd Max 4th Max Arith Mean 39-035-0038 6 1217 Cleveland Cuyahoga 2547 St. Tikhon 2011 810 55 29.8 27.3 23.6 23.5 12.64 39-035-0060 5 1217 Cleveland Cuyahoga E. 14th & Orange 2011 810 95 35.8 30.9 30.1 27.9 13.93 39-035-0060 6 1217 Cleveland Cuyahoga E. 14th & Orange 2011 810 12 20.7 20.0 13.8 13.6 11.54 39-049-0081 6 1217 Columbus Franklin 5750 Maple Canyon 2011 810 61 25.7 22.9 22.8 22.5 11.52 39-061-0040 5 1217 Cincinnati Hamilton 250 Wm Howard Taft 2011 810 115 31.2 29.9 29.2 29.0 12.34 39-081-1001 5 1217 Mingo Junction Jefferson 501 Commercial 2011 810 57 38.9 35.9 28.6 28.0 15.01 39-087-0012 5 1217 Ironton Lawrenc e 450 Commerce Dr. 2011 810 61 27.3 23.6 22.4 19.7 10.39 39-093-3002 5 1217 Sheffield Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze 2011 810 53 26.6 19.7 19.4 18.5 9.33 39-095-0026 5 1217 Toledo Lucas 4208 Airport Highway 2011 810 51 33.0 24.5 21.3 21.1 11.11 39-099-0014 5 1217 Youngstown Mahoning 345 Oakhill Ave. 2011 810 57 26.1 24.2 23.2 21.7 11.41 39-113-0032 5 1217 Dayton Montgomery 215 East Third St. 2011 810 52 31.3 30.5 23.8 23.2 11.98 39-135-1001 5 1217 New Paris Preble 6940 Oxford Gettysburg Rd. 2011 810 115 28.5 26.0 25.2 24.6 11.31 39-151-0017 5 1217 Canton Stark 1330 Dueber 2011 810 49 28.6 24.3 23.2 22.1 11.29 39-153-0023 5 1217 Akron Summit 660 W. Exchange St. 2011 810 58 30.2 28.6 24.5 22.8 12.6065PM-25 98th Percentile Averages Site County Year Average 2009 2010 2011 '09-'11 39-003-0009 Allen 35.2 28.0 39-009-0003 Athens 17.6 17.1 18.5 18 39-017-0003 Butler 27.4 31.7 28.8 29 39-017-0016 27.2 32.1 26.8 29 39-017-0019 28.4 39-017-0020 28.3 39-023-0005 Clark 26.3 29.5 28.0 28 39-025-0022 Clermont 22.0 27.7 30.2 27 39-035-0027 Cuyahoga 23.0 39-035-0034 24.7 26.8 22.6 25 39-035-0038 29.9 30.5 29.7 30 39-035-0045 23.5 32.7 25.2 27 39-035-0060 28.9 30.9 26.5 29 39-035-0065 28.9 27.3 27.0 28 39-035-1002 20.50 26.5 23.9 24 39-049-0024 Franklin 23.20 30.9 23.6 26 39-049-0025 26.90 33.5 23.6 28 39-049-0029 29.5 26.6 39-049-0081 25.70 29.1 21.4 25 39-057-0005 Greene 25.20 27.6 26.4 26 39-061-0006 Hamilton 24.20 29.0 25.7 26 39-061-0010 26.2 39-061-0014 27.10 32.3 28.2 29 39-061-0040 24.80 28.7 29.7 28 39-061-0042 27.00 35.0 30.2 31 39-061-7001 25.70 32.5 39-061-8001 28.70 33.3 39-081-0017 Jefferson 24.7 29.8 29.9 28 39-081-1001 23.3 25.1 24.9 24 39-085-0007 Lake 19.8 26.9 23.3 39-087-0012 Lawrence 21.4 25.1 22.9 23 39-093-3002 Lorain 21.5 24.4 23.1 23 39-095-0024 Lucas 27.3 26.6 26.4 39-095-0026 23.5 30.0 23.5 26 39-095-0028 28.8 28.2 25.5 28 39-099-0005 Mahoning 26.6 33.4 25.0 28 39-099-0014 28.1 29.0 24.8 27 39-103-0003 Medina 25.7 28.8 39-103-0004 27.9 39-113-0032 Montgomery 26.8 30.4 28.5 29 39-133-0002 Portage 23.8 31.9 23.2 26 39-135-1001 Preble 21.1 30.2 24.9 25 39-145-0013 Scioto 21.8 24.4 21.2 22 39-151-0017 Stark 30.0 33.0 28.1 30 39-151-0020 27.5 32.2 23.1 28 39-153-0017 Summit 29.2 32.7 26.4 29 39-153-0023 24.8 30.2 24.8 27 39-155-0005 Trumbull 31.0 24.9 39-165-0007 Warren 23.6 27.0 28.4 26 Less than 75% capture Combination of two adjacent site's data Data for 2009-2011 corrected to consolidate POC 1 and POC 2 data with AMP-355



## 66

### PM-2.5 Average of Annual Averages Site County Year Average 2009 2010 2011 '09-'11 39-003-0009 Allen 10.9 10.8 39-009-0003 Athens 9.1 9.2 8.7 9.0 39-017-0003 Butler 12.8 13.6 12.7 13.0 39-017-0016 13.1 13.5 12.4 13.0 39-017-0019 12.7 39-017-0020 13.6 39-023-0005 Clark 12.4 13.1 12.3 12.6 39-025-0022 Clermont 11.0 12.0 11.0 11.3 39-035-0027 Cuyahoga 10.6 39-035-0034 10.2 10.9 10.0 10.4 39-035-0038 12.8 14.0 12.6 13.1 39-035-0045 11.8 13.3 11.9 12.3 39-035-0060 12.3 13.7 12.5 12.8 39-035-0065 12.4 13.2 12.6 12.7 39-035-1002 10.9 11.3 10.4 10.9 39-049-0024 Franklin 11.5 13.1 11.9 12.2 39-049-0025 11.5 12.6 11.5 11.9 39-049-0029 12.6 11.9 39-049-0081 10.8 11.9 10.9 11.2 39-057-0005 Greene 11.5 13.2 11.3 12.0 39-061-0006 Hamilton 12.1 12.7 11.7 12.2 39-060-0010 11.8 39-061-0014 13.4 14.8 13.2 13.8 39-061-0040 12.7 13.3 12.4 12.8 39-061-0042 13.7 14.5 13.3 13.8 39-061-7001 13.0 14.1 39-061-8001 13.4 17.6 39-081-0017 Jefferson 12.1 12.7 12.7 12.5 39-081-1001 11.2 12.7 11.3 11.7 39-085-0007 Lake 10.4 10.4 9.4 39-087-0012 Lawrence 11.3 12.1 10.8 39-093-3002 Lorain 9.9 10.4 9.4 9.9 39-095-0024 Lucas 11.4 11.2 10.6 39-095-0026 10.9 11.4 10.7 39-095-0028 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 39-099-0005 Mahoning 11.3 12.4 10.6 11.4 39-099-0014 11.7 12.4 11.3 11.8 39-103-0003 Medina 10.8 10.8 39-103-0004 11.1 10.9 39-113-0032 Montgomery 12.4 14.0 12.1 12.8 39-133-0002 Portage 11.1 11.2 10.5 10.9 39-135-1001 Preble 11.1 12.0 10.9 11.3 39-145-0013 Scioto 10.9 11.8 10.2 11.0 39-151-0017 Stark 13.1 14.4 12.8 13.4 39-151-0020 11.9 13.8 11.3 12.3 39-153-0017 Summit 12.6 13.4 11.8 12.6 39-153-0023 11.4 12.5 11.1 11.7 39-155-0005 Trumbull 11.9 10.6 39-165-0007 Warren 11.7 11.9 11.0 11.5 Less than 75% Capture Combination of two adjacent site's data Data for 2009-2011 corrected to consolidate POC 1 and POC 2 data with AMP-355



## 67

## 68 Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 

## ) Sulfur dioxide is a colorless gas formed through the combination of sulfur and oxygen during combustion. The major sources of SO 2 

## are the burning of sulfur-containing fossil fuels (mainly coal), with lesser amounts caused by industrial processes such as smelting. Over 40% of the SO 2 

## found in the ambient air is the result of human activities. The control of SO 2 

## emissions from these sources is accomplished primarily by burning coal or oil with a relatively low sulfur content. Newer boilers may be equipped with flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems that use a caustic solution to scrub SO 2 

## from the exhaust gas stream. Sulfur dioxide is harmful because it can be converted to sulfuric acid (H 2 

## SO 4 

## ) when it comes in contact with moisture, either in the atmosphere, on plants, materials, or in the lungs. Sulfur Dioxide can also be converted to a sulfate (SO 4 2- 

## ) which as a particulate (aerosol) helps form acid rain and can also be a lung irritant. The presence of increased levels of SO 2 

## in the atmosphere has been associated with a higher incidence of respiratory diseases, higher death rates, and property damage. Sampling Methods Sulfur dioxide is measured continuously by instruments using pulsed fluorescent techniques. Fluorescent analyzers irradiate an ambient air sample with ultraviolet light. Sulfur dioxide gas molecules absorb a portion of this energy, and then re-emit the energy at a characteristic wavelength of light. This light energy emitted by SO 2 

## molecules is sensed by a photomultiplier tube and converted to an electronic signal proportional to the concentration of SO 2 

## present. All concentrations for SO 2 

## are given in parts per million (ppm). Reports for 1995 and earlier used the units 'micrograms per cubic meter’ ( μ g/m 3 

## ) to report data. The primary units to report data were changed by U.S. EPA in May of 1996.

## 69 National Ambient Air Quality Standards On June 22, 2010 the U.S. EPA revised the NAAQS for SO 2 

## by adding a 1-Hour standard which is the three year average of the 99 th 

## percentile concentration in each year at each monitoring site. The level of the standard is 75 ppb which is not to be exceeded. The older NAAQS: Annual, 24-Hour and 3-Hour were retained.Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Sulfur dioxide (42401) Ohio Parts per billion (008)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH OBS CERT EDT 39-001-0001 39-003-0009 39-007-1001 39-009-0004

39-013-3002 39-017-0019 39-017-0020 39-023-0003 39-029-0022 39-035-0038 39-035-0045

39-035-0060 39-035-0060 39-035-0065

39-061-0010 39-061-0040 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1 2 1

1 2 1

2 1 0880

0808 0807 1335

0809 1259 1259 0287 0807 0229 0229

0229 0229 0229

1259 1259 West Union Lima Conneaut Athens Shadyside Middletown Middletown Enon East Liverpool Cleveland Cleveland

Cleveland Cleveland Newburgh Heights Cleves Cincinnati Adams Allen Ashtabula Athens

Belmont Butler Butler Clark Columbiana Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga

Hamilton Hamilton 210 N. WILSON DR. 2850 BIBLE ROAD 770 LAKE RD. 7760 BLACKBURN ROAD EAST 40 ST. 1300 OXFORD STATE ROAD 3350 YANKEE ROAD 5400 SPANGLER 500 MARYLAND 2547 ST TIKHON 4950 BROADWAY AVE. E. 14TH & ORANGE E. 14TH & ORANGE 4600 HARVARD AVE. 6950 RIPPLE RD. 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 060 100 060 100

060 100 100 060 061 060 000

100 560 100

060 592 8374 8191 8359 5498

8264 3350 4294 8726 8371 8523 8634

8183 8191 8526

8401 6975 1.78 1.35 1.84 4.51*

2.80 1.18* 1.50* 1.21 2.13 3.96

.66

5.87 3.70 1.68

2.63 4.02* 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 ARITH

MEAN AN-STD Days >24HR

STD 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 1ST MAX 1-HR 2ND MAX 1-HR 1ST MAX 24-HR 2ND MAX 24-HR 38.0 19.0 23.0 73.4

68.0 49.0 88.0 28.0 36.0 115.0 85.0

90.0 82.1 76.0

105.0 210.8 35.0 18.0 23.0 73.3

54.0 29.0 77.0 27.0 32.0 106.0 60.0

73.0 74.3 73.0

100.0 144.3 11.3 7.3 9.7 20.0

13.8

6.8 18.0 13.4

8.7 25.1 11.4

25.9 20.6 14.1

30.3 30.2 10.0 6.7 9.5 15.2

13.2

6.0 14.5

9.3 8.6 24.3

9.2

21.4 18.8 13.3

25.7 21.8 4 4 4 3

4 1 2 4 4 4 4

4 4 4

4 3 30.0 14.0 19.0 58.0

47.0 29.0 77.0 22.0 27.0 78.0 38.0

67.0 61.5 63.0

84.0 139.7 COMP QTRS 99TH PCTL 1-HR70Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Sulfur dioxide (42401) Ohio Parts per billion (008)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH OBS CERT EDT 39-081-0017 39-081-0018 39-081-0020 39-085-0003 39-085-0007 39-087-0012

39-099-0013 39-105-0003

39-105-1001 39-115-0004 39-135-1001

39-145-0013 39-145-0020 39-145-0022 39-153-0017 39-153-0022 39-157-0006 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 0809

1373 1373 0595 0595 0880

0634 0809

0809 0809 0287

0880 1299 1299 0012 0012 0809 Steubenville Not in a city Not in a city Eastlake Painesville Ironton Youngstown Pomeroy Pomeroy Not in a city New Paris

Portsmouth Not in a city Not in a city Akron Akron Sugarcreek Lake Lake Lawrence Mahoning Meigs Meigs Morgan Preble

Scioto Scioto Scioto Summit Summit Tuscarawas 618 LOGAN ST. 3487 COUNTY RD. 19 1469 3rd ST. 36010 LAKESHORE 177 MAIN STREET 450 Commerce Drive 345 OAKHILL 117 MEMORIAL DRIVE MULBERRY AVE. S.R. 83 6940 OXFORD GETTYSBURG RD. 4862 GALLIA 2840 BACK RD. 1740 GALLIA PIKE 80 BRITTAIN 177 S. BROADWAY 527 CRESCENT 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011

2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 060 060 060 077 077 060

061 060

060 100 592

061 060 060 100 000 060 8322 8356 8324 8724 8738 8380

8342 3928

4106 8376 5735

8381 8646 8602 8282 8327 8383 5.57 3.77 3.62 4.10 7.26 2.32

1.98 2.46*

3.03* 4.12 2.12*

.85 1.52 1.72 1.45 3.21 3.56 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 ARITH

MEAN AN-STD Days >24HR

STD 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1ST MAX 1-HR 2ND MAX 1-HR 1ST MAX 24-HR 2ND MAX 24-HR 192.0

73.0 62.0 113.0 185.0

37.0

53.0 93.0

119.0 198.0 44.9

43.0 86.6 84.0 38.0 45.0 68.0 147.0 67.0 53.0 44.0 156.0 37.0

47.0 88.0

110.0 195.0 33.9

32.0 46.3 50.0 28.0 44.0 60.0 31.5 12.5

9.9 13.8 57.2 14.2

14.0 19.4

17.7 42.6

9.2

13.2 14.9 19.6 10.8 22.6 18.9 26.0 11.9

9.5 13.0 54.5

7.8

12.3 18.7

14.4 40.0

8.3

10.3

8.7 12.2

6.9 18.0 16.4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 2

2 4 1

4 4 4 4 4 4 114.0 55.0 43.0 32.0 145.0 34.0

40.0 88.0

110.0 175.0 33.9

23.0 41.2 42.8 24.0 40.0 55.0 COMP QTRS 99TH PCTL 1-HR71

## 72 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 

## ) Nitrogen dioxide is a toxic gas formed in high temperature combustion processes, when nitrogen in the air is oxidized to nitric oxide (NO) or nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 

## ). The major sources of NO 2 

## are high temperature fuel combustion, motor vehicles, and certain chemical processes. Nitrogen dioxide has been associated with a variety of respiratory diseases through its ability to reduce cell immunity or resistance to bacteria and viruses. Nitrogen dioxide is also harmful due to its involvement in the production of photochemical oxidants such as ozone (O 3 

## ). Sampling Methods Continuous monitoring of nitrogen dioxide is based on a chemiluminescent reaction between NO and O 3 

## . When these two gases react, light energy at a specific wavelength is produced. In the monitor, ambient air is drawn along two paths. In the first path, the air is reacted directly with ozone, and the light energy produced is proportional to the amount of nitric oxide in the air. In the second path, the air is reacted with ozone after it passes through a catalytic reduction surface. The reduction surface converts NO 2 

## to NO and the light energy produced is a measure of the total oxides of nitrogen in the air sample. The electronic difference of these two signals yields the concentration of nitrogen dioxide. All concentrations for NO 2 

## are given in parts per billion (ppb). National Ambient Air Quality Standards On February 9, 2010 the U.S. EPA revised the NAAQS for NO 2 

## by adding a 1-Hour standard which is the three year average of the annual 98 th 

## percentile values. The level of the standard is 100 ppb which is not to be exceeded. The older annual NAAQS of 53 ppb was retained.UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450) Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (42602) Ohio Parts per billion (008)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH OBS COMP QTRS CERT EDT 39-009-0004 39-035-0060 39-061-0040 1 1 1 1335

0229 1259 Athens Cleveland Cincinnati Athens Cuyahoga Hamilton 7760 BLACKBURN ROAD E. 14TH & ORANGE 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 2011 2011 2011 099 099 099 8042 8099 8144 4 4 4 20.1 50.0 46.0 3.14 15.25 12.92 0 0 0 ARITH

MEAN 98TH PCTL PCT COMP

92 92 93 1ST MAX 1-HR 25.0 56.0 54.0 23.9 55.0 53.0

2ND MAX 1-HR73

## 74 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas, is the most abundant and widely distributed pollutant found in the lower atmosphere. It is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels, primarily in the internal combustion engine. About 95 to 98% of urban carbon monoxide comes from manmade sources, with transportation vehicles ranking as the largest source. The main effect of CO on human health involves its tendency to reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood by binding chemically to hemoglobin, the substance that carries oxygen to the cells. This may lead to short-term impairment of mental processes. Exposure to concentrations as low as 10-15 ppm for several hours has affected time interval discrimination in test subjects, while exposures of 31 ppm under similar conditions have temporarily altered the function of the brain. Sampling Method Carbon monoxide is monitored continuously by analyzers that operate on the infrared absorption principle. Ambient air is drawn into a sample chamber and a beam of infrared light is passed through it. CO absorbs infrared radiation, and any decrease in the intensity of the beam is due to the presence of CO molecules. This decrease is directly related to the concentration of CO in the ambient air. A special detector measures the difference in the radiation between this beam and a duplicate beam passing through a reference chamber with no CO present. This difference in intensity is electronically translated into a reading of the CO present in the ambient air, measured in parts per million. National Ambient Air Quality Standard The NAAQS for carbon monoxide are a 1-Hour concentration of 35 ppm which is not to be exceeded more than once per year and an 8-Hour concentration of 9 ppm which is not to be exceeded more than once per year.UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Carbon monoxide (42101) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH # OBS OBS >8HR

STD 1ST MAX 1-HR OBS >1HR

STD CERT EDT 39-035-0051 39-035-0053 39-035-0060 39-049-0005 39-061-0021 39-061-0040 39-085-0006 39-113-0028 39-113-0034 39-135-1001 39-151-0020 39-153-0020 39-153-0022 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0229

0229 0229 0805 1259 1259 0595 0287 0287 0287 0151 0012 0012 Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Columbus Cincinnati Cincinnati Mentor Dayton Dayton New Paris Canton Akron Akron Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Franklin Hamilton Hamilton Lake Montgomery Montgomery Preble Stark Summit Summit 1301 E. 9TH ST. 4169 PEARL RD. E. 14TH & ORANGE 1585 MORSE RD. 100 E. 5TH ST. 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 8443 MENTOR AVE. 901 WEST FAIRVIEW AVE. 117 SOUTH MAIN ST. 6940 OXFORD GETTYSBURG RD. 420 MARKET 800 PATTERSON AVE. 177 S. BROADWAY 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 054 093 554 093 093 588 051 054 054 588 054 093 093 8321 7061 8221 8682 8267 6269 8593 4327 8715 7390 8513 8361 8353 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7 2.0 3.948

2.3 8.8 1.940

1.4 1.4 9.9 2.800

2.2 1.5 1.7 5.5 2.0 3.036

2.3 6.4 1.590

1.4 1.3 9.2 1.900

2.1 1.5 1.6 3.3 1.0 1.3 1.9 3.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 2.9

.8 1.8 1.2 1.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1ST MAX 8-HR 3.1 .9 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.0 1.2 1.0 2.8

.8 1.6 1.0 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2ND MAX 1-HR 2ND MAX 8-HR75

## 76 Ozone (O 3 

## ) Ozone differs from other pollutants in that it is not directly emitted into the atmosphere from sources. Rather, it is created photochemically in the lower atmosphere by the reaction of volatile organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen in the presence of sunlight. For this reason, it is referred to as a secondary pollutant. Ozone is the predominant oxidant component of photochemical smog. In urban areas, emissions of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds lead to the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the lower atmosphere. Nitrogen oxides, important in triggering the sequence of photochemical reactions, are emitted primarily from combustion sources such as the internal combustion engine, electric power generation units, and gas and oil-fired space heaters. Volatile organic compounds, important in sustaining the reactions, are emitted in the exhausts of gasoline, diesel and jet engines, through the evaporation of gasoline and solvents such as dry-cleaning fluids, and from industrial and non-industrial surface coating operations such as paint booths, from open burning, and other combustion sources. Although ozone is beneficial in the upper atmosphere, where it screens out ultraviolet rays from the sun, it is harmful in the lower atmosphere. Due to the role of temperature and sunlight in its formation, the largest concentrations occur during the summer months. Ozone irritates mucous membranes of the nose and throat, causes eye irritation, reduces resistance to respiratory infections, damages plants and contributes to the deterioration of materials. Individuals with asthma or disease of the heart or circulatory system experience symptoms when concentrations are above the air quality standards. Prior to July 1997 there was a one hour standard of 0.12 ppm with more than three exceedances being a violation of the standard. The one hour standard was revoked in 2006. The standard from July 1997 to May 27, 2008 was an eight hour average of 0.08 ppm with the fourth high eight hour average averaged in each year over three consecutive years. The current standard is a three year average of the fourth highest eight hour averages at each monitoring site. If that

## 77 three year average is greater than 0.075 ppm (76 ppb or greater) a violation of the standard has occurred In 2001 The United States Supreme Court found U.S. EPA’s previously proposed implementation plan for ozone unlawful and further held that, in the setting of a standard for ozone pursuant to Section 109 of the Clean Air Act U.S. EPA must set air quality standards at the level that is “requisite”-no higher or lower than is necessary-to protect the public health with an adequate margin of safety. The Supreme Court then sent the case back to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals to review U.S. EPA’s subsequent actions. On March 26, 2002, that court upheld U.S. EPA’s revision of the ozone NAAQS, which had been published in the Federal Register by U.S. EPA as a proposal on November 14, 2001. This report contains a printout of the one hour data and eight hour average data, as in previous reports, and printouts of the three year average of the fourth high eight hour averages calculated for each site in Ohio for the years 2009 through 2011 and the four highest eight hour averages during 2011. A three year average was not calculated if one or more years had insufficient data. Sampling Methods Ozone is monitored continuously during our ozone season, April 1 st 

## through October 31 st 

## using analyzers that operate on ultraviolet absorption techniques. Ozone absorbs ultraviolet light. Analyzers designed to measure ozone by ultraviolet photometry use this property. An air sample is drawn into the analyzer and irradiated with an ultraviolet light of 253.7 nanometers wavelength. The amount of light absorbed is related to the amount of ozone present. This is the type of monitor used by Ohio EPA and our Local Air Agencies. All concentrations for ozone are given in parts per million (ppm).

## 78 On the following pages are tables of ozone sites with the: Highest through fourth highest 1-Hour ozone values Highest through fourth highest 8-Hour ozone values Three year average of fourth highest 8-Hour ozone values (see NAAQS TABLE 1) First day in each year from 1992 that recorded an exceedance of the 1-Hour or 8-Hour standard with the number of sites and the total number of exceedances Last day in the year upon which an exceedance of the 1-Hour or 8-Hour standard occurred with the number of sites and values listedUNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Ozone (44201) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH VALID DAYS MEAS 1ST MAX 1-HR CERT EDT 39-003-0009 39-007-1001 39-009-0004 39-017-0004 39-017-0018 39-017-9991

39-023-0001 39-023-0003 39-025-0022 39-027-1002 39-035-0034 39-035-0060 39-035-0064 39-035-5002 39-041-0002 39-047-9991

39-049-0029 39-049-0037 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 0808

0807 1335 1259 1259 1344

0287 0287 1259 0810 0229 0229 0229 0229 0805 1344

0805 0805 Lima Conneaut Athens Hamilton Middletown Not in a city

Enon Batavia Not in a city Cleveland Cleveland Berea

Delaware Not in a city

New Albany Columbus Allen Ashtabula Athens Butler Butler Butler

Clark Clark Clermont Clinton Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Delaware Fayette

Franklin Franklin 2850 BIBLE ROAD 770 LAKE RD. 7760 BLACKBURN ROAD SCHULER AND BENDER 1701 Runway Dr. Ecology Research Center, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056 5171 URBANA 5400 SPANGLER 2400 CLERMONT CENTER DR. 62 LAUREL DR. 891 E. 152 ST. E. 14TH & ORANGE 390 FAIR ST. 6116 WILSON MILLS 359 MAIN RD. Deer Creek State Park, Mt Sterling, OH 43143 7600 FODOR RD. 1777 E. BROAD 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 047 047 056 087 087 047

047 047 087 047 087 087 087 019 047 047

047 047 213 212 197 214 214 171

213 212 213 214 208 199 213 213 214 197

214 214 .085 .093 .081 .102 .106 .097

.092 .094 .108 .108 .105 .090 .098 .098 .085 .093

.101 .088 .084 .093 .081 .094 .100 .095

.088 .093 .107 .100 .095 .085 .075 .087 .084 .086

.098 .086 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 2ND MAX 1-HR 1-HOUR NUM DAYS REQ 214 214 214 214 214 214

214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214

214 214 .082 .091 .078 .091 .099 .088

.087 .092 .098 .097 .094 .081 .075 .085 .083 .084

.097 .084

3RD MAX 1-HR .080 .088 .077 .090 .098 .087

.085 .088 .097 .096 .085 .080 .075 .085 .082 .083

.091 .084

4TH MAX 1-HR DAY MAX> STD

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 EST DAYS>

STD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 MISS DAYS<

STD 1 0 2 0 0 9

1 0 1 0 2 5 1 1 0 1

0 079UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Ozone (44201) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH VALID DAYS MEAS 1ST MAX 1-HR CERT EDT 39-049-0081 39-055-0004 39-057-0006 39-061-0006 39-061-0010 39-061-0040 39-081-0017 39-083-0002 39-085-0003 39-085-0007 39-087-0011 39-087-0012 39-089-0005 39-093-0018 39-095-0024 39-095-0027 39-095-0034 39-097-0007 39-099-0013 39-103-0004 39-109-0005 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0805

0595 0287 1259 1259 1259 0809 0805 0595 0595 0880 0880 0805 0807 0220 0220 0220 0805 0634 0012 0287 Columbus Not in a city Xenia Blue Ash Cleves Cincinnati Steubenville Centerburg Eastlake Painesville Not in a city Ironton Heath (Fourmile Lock)

Toledo Waterville Not in a city Not in a city Youngstown Not in a city Casstown Franklin Geauga Greene Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton

Knox Lake Lake Lawrence Lawrence Licking Lorain Lucas Lucas Lucas Madison Mahoning Medina Miami 5750 MAPLE CANYON 13000 AUBURN 541 LEDBETTER RD., 11590 GROOMS RD 6950 RIPPLE RD. 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 618 LOGAN ST. WATER PLT, SR. 314 36010 LAKESHORE 177 MAIN STREET S.R. 141, WILGUS 450 Commerce Drive 300 LICKING VIEW DR. 4706 DETROIT RD. 348 S. ERIE 200 SOUTH RIVER RD. 306 N. YONDOTA 940 SR 38 SW 345 OAKHILL BALLASH ROAD 3825 NORTH S. R. 589 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 047 087 047 087 087 087 047 047 087 087 047 047 047 047 056 019 056 047 087 087 047 214 213 213 212 212 214 209 213 214 214 214 213 214 213 206 197 210 212 214 200 214 .086 .111 .089 .112 .095 .106 .088 .100 .107 .100 .084 .088 .103 .085 .083 .083 .098 .095 .092 .084 .086 .081 .090 .089 .111 .090 .101 .082 .092 .097 .085 .080 .084 .089 .084 .079 .081 .086 .090 .087 .080 .085 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2ND MAX 1-HR 1-HOUR NUM DAYS REQ 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 .079 .084 .087 .105 .089 .098 .080 .088 .095 .080 .078 .076 .088 .082 .079 .077 .082 .088 .083 .080 .083

3RD MAX 1-HR .078 .083 .085 .101 .088 .097 .078 .088 .089 .079 .073 .076 .086 .080 .074 .073 .081 .087 .081 .078 .082

4TH MAX 1-HR DAY MAX> STD

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EST DAYS>

STD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 MISS DAYS<

STD 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 3 0 1 0 0 3 080UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Ozone (44201) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH VALID DAYS MEAS 1ST MAX 1-HR CERT EDT 39-113-0037 39-121-9991

39-133-1001 39-135-1001 39-151-0016 39-151-0022 39-151-4005 39-153-0020 39-155-0009 39-155-0011 39-165-0007 39-167-0004 39-173-0003 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0287

1344

0012 0287 0151 0151 0151 0012 0634 0634 1259 0809 0808 Dayton Not in a city Not in a city New Paris Canton Brewster Alliance Akron Not in a city Vienna Center Lebanon Marietta Bowling Green Montgomery Noble Portage Preble Stark Stark Stark Summit Trumbull Trumbull Warren Washington Wood 1401 Harshman Road 58163 St. Johns Rd, Quaker City, OH 43773 1570 RAVENNA RD. 6940 OXFORD GETTYSBURG RD. 515 25TH. ST. 45 S. WABASH AVENUE, S.R 93 1175 WEST VINE 800 PATTERSON AVE.6346 KINSMANBLOOMFIELD RD.842 YOUNGSTOWNKINGSVILLE RD. 416 SOUTHEAST ST. 2000 4TH STREET 347 N DUNBRIDGE 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 047 047

087 047 047 047 047 047 087 087 087 047 047 211 163

213 214 202 208 203 213 214 214 213 212 214 .099 .076

.089 .096 .095 .085 .100 .091 .088 .093 .099 .100 .087 .094 .076

.088 .085 .089 .084 .088 .090 .086 .092 .098 .095 .083 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2ND MAX 1-HR 1-HOUR NUM DAYS REQ 214 214

214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 .092 .072

.081 .081 .088 .084 .087 .088 .085 .088 .095 .082 .082

3RD MAX 1-HR .091 .070

.078 .080 .087 .079 .084 .087 .077 .086 .094 .080 .081

4TH MAX 1-HR DAY MAX> STD

0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EST DAYS>

STD 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 MISS DAYS<

STD 1 8

1 0 10

6 5 1 0 0 1 0 081UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Ozone (44201) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH VALID DAYS MEAS 4TH MAX 8-HR CERT EDT 39-003-0009 39-007-1001 39-009-0004 39-017-0004 39-017-0018 39-017-9991

39-023-0001 39-023-0003 39-025-0022 39-027-1002 39-035-0034 39-035-0060 39-035-0064 39-035-5002 39-041-0002 39-047-9991

39-049-0029 39-049-0037 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 0808

0807 1335 1259 1259 1344

0287 0287 1259 0810 0229 0229 0229 0229 0805 1344

0805 0805 Lima Conneaut Athens Hamilton Middletown Not in a city

Enon Batavia Not in a city Cleveland Cleveland Berea

Delaware Not in a city

New Albany Columbus Allen Ashtabula Athens Butler Butler Butler

Clark Clark Clermont Clinton Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Delaware Fayette

Franklin Franklin 2850 BIBLE ROAD 770 LAKE RD. 7760 BLACKBURN ROAD SCHULER AND BENDER 1701 Runway Dr. Ecology Research Center, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056 5171 URBANA 5400 SPANGLER 2400 CLERMONT CENTER DR. 62 LAUREL DR. 891 E. 152 ST. E. 14TH & ORANGE 390 FAIR ST. 6116 WILSON MILLS 359 MAIN RD. Deer Creek State Park, Mt Sterling, OH 43143 7600 FODOR RD. 1777 E. BROAD 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011

2011 2011 047 047 056 087 087 047

047 047 087 047 087 087 087 019 047 047

047 047 .076 .087 .075 .085 .094 .087

.082 .082 .097 .090 .087 .073 .081 .082 .078 .082

.088 .079 .076 .085 .073 .081 .084 .079

.080 .078 .093 .087 .087 .072 .072 .080 .074 .080

.088 .078 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 8-HOUR NUM DAYS REQ 214 214 214 214 214 214

214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214

214 214 .075 .077 .073 .079 .083 .079

.080 .077 .085 .086 .086 .072 .067 .078 .073 .078

.088 .078 .073 .077 .071 .078 .082 .079

.077 .077 .082 .084 .081 .071 .066 .078 .073 .075

.087 .077 DAY MAX> STD 2 4 0 8 11 6

6 4 9 13 6 0 1 4 1 3

7 6 213 209 197 214 214 164

212 212 212 212 206 185 210 211 212 195

213 214 %OBS

100

98 92 100 100

77

99 99 99 99 96 86 98 99 99 91

100 100 1ST MAX 8-HR 2ND MAX 8-HR 3RD MAX 8-HR82UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Ozone (44201) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH VALID DAYS MEAS 4TH MAX 8-HR CERT EDT 39-049-0081 39-055-0004 39-057-0006 39-061-0006 39-061-0010 39-061-0040 39-081-0017 39-083-0002 39-085-0003 39-085-0007 39-087-0011 39-087-0012 39-089-0005 39-093-0018 39-095-0024 39-095-0027 39-095-0034 39-097-0007 39-099-0013 39-103-0004 39-109-0005 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0805

0595 0287 1259 1259 1259 0809 0805 0595 0595 0880 0880 0805 0807 0220 0220 0220 0805 0634 0012 0287 Columbus Not in a city Xenia Blue Ash Cleves Cincinnati Steubenville Centerburg Eastlake Painesville Not in a city Ironton Heath (Fourmile Lock)

Toledo Waterville Not in a city Not in a city Youngstown Not in a city Casstown Franklin Geauga Greene Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton

Knox Lake Lake Lawrence Lawrence Licking Lorain Lucas Lucas Lucas Madison Mahoning Medina Miami 5750 MAPLE CANYON 13000 AUBURN 541 LEDBETTER RD., 11590 GROOMS RD 6950 RIPPLE RD. 250 WM. HOWARD TAFT 618 LOGAN ST. WATER PLT, SR. 314 36010 LAKESHORE 177 MAIN STREET S.R. 141, WILGUS 450 Commerce Drive 300 LICKING VIEW DR. 4706 DETROIT RD. 348 S. ERIE 200 SOUTH RIVER RD. 306 N. YONDOTA 940 SR 38 SW 345 OAKHILL BALLASH ROAD 3825 NORTH S. R. 589 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 047 087 047 087 087 087 047 047 087 087 047 047 047 047 056 019 056 047 087 087 047 .079 .079 .081 .093 .081 .097 .075 .084 .090 .076 .072 .075 .082 .081 .072 .069 .084 .083 .082 .079 .078 .074 .076 .079 .092 .079 .089 .075 .083 .088 .071 .066 .069 .082 .080 .071 .069 .077 .082 .080 .075 .077 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8-HOUR NUM DAYS REQ 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 .071 .075 .076 .088 .078 .087 .071 .082 .084 .069 .061 .068 .081 .076 .066 .069 .077 .081 .073 .073 .075 .071 .072 .076 .088 .078 .085 .070 .079 .081 .068 .061 .068 .079 .072 .066 .064 .074 .079 .073 .070 .075 DAY MAX> STD 1 2 5 18 7 15 0 4 10 1 0 0 5 3 0 0 3 6 2 1 2 213 213 213 209 211 214 209 213 214 214 214 213 213 212 201 195 207 212 213 196 214 %OBS

100 100 100

98 99 100

98 100 100 100 100 100 100

99 94 91 97 99 100

92 100 1ST MAX 8-HR 2ND MAX 8-HR 3RD MAX 8-HR83UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AIR QUALITY SYSTEM QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Ozone (44201) Ohio Parts per million (007)

SITE ID P O C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH VALID DAYS MEAS 4TH MAX 8-HR CERT EDT 39-113-0037 39-121-9991

39-133-1001 39-135-1001 39-151-0016 39-151-0022 39-151-4005 39-153-0020 39-155-0009 39-155-0011 39-165-0007 39-167-0004 39-173-0003 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0287

1344

0012 0287 0151 0151 0151 0012 0634 0634 1259 0809 0808 Dayton Not in a city Not in a city New Paris Canton Brewster Alliance Akron Not in a city Vienna Center Lebanon Marietta Bowling Green Montgomery Noble Portage Preble Stark Stark Stark Summit Trumbull Trumbull Warren Washington Wood 1401 Harshman Road 58163 St. Johns Rd, Quaker City, OH 43773 1570 RAVENNA RD. 6940 OXFORD GETTYSBURG RD. 515 25TH. ST. 45 S. WABASH AVENUE, S.R 93 1175 WEST VINE 800 PATTERSON AVE.6346 KINSMANBLOOMFIELD RD.842 YOUNGSTOWNKINGSVILLE RD. 416 SOUTHEAST ST. 2000 4TH STREET 347 N DUNBRIDGE 2011 2011

2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 047 047

087 047 047 047 047 047 087 087 087 047 047 .094 .069

.077 .081 .087 .080 .080 .085 .079 .082 .092 .083 .079 .085 .065

.071 .077 .086 .077 .078 .081 .077 .081 .083 .074 .077 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8-HOUR NUM DAYS REQ 214 214

214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 214 .081 .065

.071 .074 .083 .074 .078 .077 .074 .078 .083 .073 .074 .080 .064

.069 .074 .081 .074 .076 .076 .071 .078 .082 .071 .073 DAY MAX> STD 7 0

1 2 7 2 4 6 2 4 10 1 2 209 160

212 213 199 206 200 213 214 214 213 211 213 %OBS

98 75

99 100

93 96 93 100 100 100 100

99 100 1ST MAX 8-HR 2ND MAX 8-HR 3RD MAX 8-HR84

### Three Year Average of Fo urth High 8-Hr Averages Site ID City County Address 4th high in Year 3 Year 2009 2010 2011 Average 39-003-0009 Allen 2650 Bible Rd. 0.071 0.072 0.073 0.072 39-007-1001 Conneaut Ashtabula JQ Conneaut Water Plant 0.075 0.083 0.077 0.078 39-009-0004 Athens Athens 7760 Blackburn Rd. 0.067 0.070 0.071 0.069 39-017-0004 Hamilton Butler Schuler & Bender Rds. 0.073 0.077 0.078 0.076 39-017-0018 Middletown Butler 1701 Runway Dr. 0.080 0.082 39-017-1004 Middletown Butler Hook Field Municipal Airport 0.076 39-023-0001 Clark 5171 Urbana Rd. 0.071 0.075 0.077 0.074 39-023-0003 Clark 5400 Spangler Rd. 0.072 0.074 0.077 0.074 39-025-0022 Clermont 2400 Claremont Center Dr. 0.069 0.075 0.082 0.075 39-027-1002 Clinton 62 Laurel Rd. 0.070 0.076 0.084 0.076 39-035-0034 Cleveland Cuyahoga 891 E. 152nd St. 0.071 0.075 0.081 0.075 39-035-0060 Cleveland Cuyahoga E 14th & Orange 0.068 0.071 39-035-0064 Berea Cuyahoga 390 Fair St. 0.062 0.072 0.066 0.066 39-035-5002 Mayfield Cuyahoga 6116 Wilson Mill Rd. 0.069 0.075 0.078 0.074 39-041-0002 Delaware 359 Main Rd. 0.070 0.074 0.073 0.072 39-049-0029 New Albany Franklin 7600 Fodor Rd. 0.073 0.077 0.087 0.079 39-049-0037 Columbus Franklin 1777 E. Broad St. 0.070 0.072 0.077 0.073 39-049-0081 Columbus Franklin 5750 Maple Canyon 0.069 0.072 0.071 0.070 39-055-0004 Geauga 13000 Auburn Rd. 0.068 0.081 0.072 0.073 39-057-0006 Xenia Greene 541 Ledbetter Rd. 0.071 0.070 0.076 0.072 39-061-0006 Hamilton 11590 Grooms Rd. 0.072 0.080 0.088 0.080 39-061-0010 Hamilton 6950 Ripple Rd. 0.065 0.079 0.078 0.074 39-061-0040 Cincinnati Hamilton 250 Wm. Howard Taft 0.074 0.075 0.085 0.078 39-081-0017 Steubenville Jefferson 618 Logan 0.064 0.071 0.070 0.068 39-083-0002 Knox Water Plant SR 3 0.068 0.073 0.079 0.073 39-085-0003 Eastlake Lake Jefferson Elementary 0.072 0.080 0.081 0.077 39-085-0007 Painesville Lake 177 Main St. 0.072 0.068 0.068 0.069 39-087-0006 Ironton Lawrence 2120 S. 8th St. 0.063 39-087-0011 Lawrence SR 775 & SR 0.062 0.069 0.061 0.064 39-087-0012 Ironton Lawrence 450 Commerce Dr. 0.074 0.068 39-089-0005 Heath Licking 300 Licking View 0.069 0.074 0.079 0.074 39-093-0018 Lorain Lorain 4706 Detroit Rd. 0.064 0.073 0.072 0.069 39-095-0024 Toledo Lucas 348 S. Erie St. 0.065 0.063 0.066 0.064 39-095-0027 Waterville Lucas 200 S. Byrne 0.068 0.064 0.069 0.067 39-095-0034 Toledo Lucas 306 N. Yondota 0.072 0.072 0.074 0.07285

### Three Year Average of Fo urth High 8-Hr Averages Site ID City County Address 4th high in Year 3 Year 2009 2010 2011 Average 39-097-0007 Madison 9940 SR 38 SW 0.068 0.073 0.079 0.073 39-099-0013 Youngstown Mahoning 345 Oakhill Ave. 0.065 0.071 0.073 0.069 39-103-0003 Medina 6364 Deerview 0.066 0.070 39-103-0004 Medina Ballash Rd 0.071 0.070 39-109-0005 Miami 3825 North State 0.071 0.070 0.075 0.072 39-113-0037 Dayton Montgomery 1401 Harshman Rd. 0.073 0.077 0.080 0.076 39-133-1001 Portage 1570 Ravenna Rd. 0.063 0.071 0.069 0.067 39-135-1001 Preble National Trails 0.069 0.071 0.074 0.071 39-151-0016 Canton Stark Malone College 0.066 0.080 0.081 0.075 39-151-0022 Brewster Stark 45 S. Wabash 0.072 0.074 39-151-0023 Wilmot Stark 9877 Alabama Ave. SW 0.063 39-151-4005 Alliance Stark 1175 West Vine St. 0.061 0.078 0.076 0.071 39-153-0020 Akron Summit 800 Patterson Av. 0.071 0.076 0.076 0.074 39-155-0009 Trumbull Community Hall 0.069 0.073 0.071 0.071 39-155-0011 Trumbull Trumbull Co. Sanitary Engineers 0.069 0.076 0.078 0.074 39-165-0007 Lebanon Warren 416 Southeast St. 0.077 0.076 0.082 0.078 39-167-0004 Marietta Washington 2000 Fourth St. 0.067 0.076 0.071 0.071 39-173-0003 Bowling Green Wood 347 N. Dunbridge 0.069 0.070 0.073 0.07086

## 87 Count of Ozone Exceedances in Each Year And the Date Upon Which the First Occurred The 8-Hour exceedance value used is 0.076 ppm Year 1-Hr Data 8-Hr Data Date Exceedances/Sites Date Exceedances/Sites 1994 16 June 13/45 14 April 697/45 1995 19 June 15/45 23 May 832/45 1996 28 June 5/45 18 May 782/45 1997 24 June 5/50 4 April 614/50 1998 13 May 15/49 13 April 1155/49 1999 30 May 14/50 8 April 1121/50 2000 9 June 1/48 29 April 326/48 2001 14 June 2/50 8 April 738/50 2002 20 June 22/50 23 May 1436/50 2003 23 June 22/50 15 April 458/50 2004 None 0/50 8 April 178/50 2005 8 June 5/49 10 April 688/49 2006 None 0/49 27 May 236/49 2007 None 0/49 22 April 541/49 2008 None 0/49 17 April 171/49 2009 None 0/49 20 May 31/49 2010 None 0/49 2 April 163/49 2011 None 0/49 4 June 215/49

## 88 Last Ozone Exceedance Dates 1986-2011 One Hour Standard Year Date Sites Maximum Value 1986 9/14 1 127 ppb 1987 9/29 1 125 1988 8/18 3 159 1989 8/14 1 129 1990 8/27 2 155 1991 8/29 1 125 1992 7/09 1 218 1993 8/27 1 137 1994 8/25 1 153 1995 8/26 1 125 1996 8/04 1 131 1997 8/01 1 125 1998 9/14 2 139 1999 7/30 1 130 2000 6/09 1 126 2001 8/06 1 125 2002 9/07 1 127 2003 6/25 4 136 2004 none 0 107 2005 8/02 1 161 2006 none 0 112 2007 none 0 112 2008 none 0 112 2009 none 0 101 2010 none 0 113 2011 none 0 112

## 89 Last Ozone Exceedance Dates 1986-2011 Eight Hour Standard (0.075 ppm) Year Date Sites Maximum Value 1986 9/14 1 87 ppb 1987 9/29 1 87 1988 9/11 1 80 1989 10/14 1 78 1990 10/17 1 84 1991 10/09 1 78 1992 9/17 6 89 1993 9/13 7 78 1994 10/07 1 77 1995 10/13 1 78 1996 10/16 1 76 1997 10/08 11 83 1998 10/17 3 77 1999 10/30 5 80 2000 9/20 1 78 2001 9/23 1 78 2002 9/13 10 87 2003 9/17 1 76 2004 9/24 2 78 2005 10/04 1 81 2006 8/26 4 80 2007 10/08 3 80 2008 9/21 1 78 2009 6/27 1 76 2010 10/10 3 80 2011 9/03 20 94

## 90 Lead Airborne lead in urban areas was once primarily caused by vehicles using leaded fuels. Sources of airborne lead now include lead smelting facilities, lead-acid storage battery manufacturing plants and other manufacturing operations. In the period 1978-1991 lead concentrations at traffic oriented sites dropped by over 90%, reflecting the removal of lead from gasoline. In March 1999 the U.S. EPA promulgated new rules for lead monitoring that eliminated the requirement for traffic oriented sites and emphasizes monitoring at industrial sources. We discontinued monitoring at traffic oriented sites after the first calendar quarter of 1999. In September 2008 the U.S. EPA changed the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for lead from 1.5 g/m 3 

## as a calendar quarter average “not to be exceeded” to 0.15 g/m 3 

## as a running three month average. This much stricter standard is designed to provide increased protection to the public, particularly children. The new lead standard originally required increased monitoring at lead sources that reported emissions of greater than 1.0 ton per year. These source oriented sites were required to be in place and operating as of January 1, 2010. A revision to the lead standard promulgated on December 27, 2010 changed the level of emissions that required review for possible monitoring to 0.5 tons per year. Lead monitoring is also required at NCore sites in Core based statistical areas (CBSAs) of 500,000 or more persons. There will be three sites in Ohio: Cincinnati, Cleveland and Dayton. Lead is a stable compound that can accumulate in the human body. Its health related effects include interference with the blood forming process and the normal functions of nervous and renal systems. Young children are the age group most susceptible to the adverse effects of lead.

## 91 Sampling and Analysis Method Lead concentrations in ambient air are determined by the reference method promulgated by U.S. EPA. Lead samples are collected as total suspended particulate matter (TSP) on glass fiber filters according to 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix B, the EPA Reference method for the Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere. These filters are then analyzed by the manual Equivalent method: EQL-0710-192, “Heated Nitric Acid Hot Block Digestion and ICP/MS analysis for Lead (Pb) on TSP High-volume filters”. In this method, one 3⁄4”x 8” portion or strip, of the TSP filter is dissolved in a solution of nitric acid, heated on a hot block, on which the solution is reduced to final volume for analysis. The extracted solution is then analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, (ICP/MS) to determine the amount of lead collected on the original filter. In the past a month's collection of filters was analyzed as a composite sample. Most sites collect so little lead that individual sampling days’ analysis would have lead concentrations below the detection limit of the methods used at the time. Some sites’ filters are still analyzed this way. Newer sites and sites that are being used to meet the new monitoring network requirements have individual sampling events (days) analyzed. Concentrations are reported in micrograms per cubic meter of air ( μ g/m 3 

## ).Lead Data Monthly Averages County Site Parameter POC Year Highest 3 Month 2010 2011 Average in the November December January February March April May June July August September October November December Year* Butler 39-017-0015 14129 1 0.0043 0.0044 0.0068 0.0058 0.0048 0.0044 0.0055 0.0132 0.0070 0.0082 0.0055 0.0046 0.0096 0.0036 14129 2 0.0080 0.0025 0.0053 0.0050 0.0043 0.0080 0.0085 0.0105 0.0030 0.0053 0.0055 0.0040 Combine 0.0068 0.0058 0.0048 0.0044 0.0055 0.0132 0.0070 0.0082 0.0055 0.0046 0.0096 0.0036 0.0095 Columbiana 39-029-0019 14129 1 0.1360 0.0078 0.0054 0.0070 0.0208 0.0414 0.0132 0.0143 0.0332 0.0362 0.0134 0.0194 0.0144 0.0140 0.0497 39-029-0020 14129 1 0.0252 0.0090 0.0074 0.0069 0.0140 0.0172 0.0300 0.0113 0.0171 0.0174 0.0093 0.0170 0.0351 0.0228 0.0250 39-029-0022 14129 1 0.0464 0.0652 0.0056 0.0062 0.0218 0.0322 0.0112 0.0170 0.0240 0.0353 0.0130 0.0180 0.0163 0.0178 14129 2 0.0464 0.0720 0.0058 0.0062 0.0228 0.0340 0.0122 0.0178 0.0266 0.0358 0.0128 0.0186 0.0148 0.0133 Combine 0.0464 0.0652 0.0056 0.0062 0.0218 0.0322 0.0112 0.0170 0.0264 0.0353 0.0130 0.0180 0.0142 0.0178 0.0391 Cuyahoga 39-035-0038 14129 1 0.0258 0.0123 0.0064 0.0074 0.0138 0.0166 0.0093 0.0117 0.0138 0.0135 0.0074 0.0172 0.0078 0.0060 0.0148 39-035-0042 14129 1 0.0166 0.0094 0.0074 0.0080 0.0132 0.0166 0.0090 0.0088 0.0087 0.0122 0.0080 0.0174 0.0084 0.0050 14129 2 0.0168 0.0087 0.0062 0.0078 0.0144 0.0172 0.0092 0.0086 0.0093 0.0122 0.0076 0.0176 0.0082 0.0060 Combine 0.0166 0.0094 0.0074 0.0080 0.0132 0.0166 0.0090 0.0088 0.0095 0.0122 0.0080 0.0174 0.0084 0.0050 0.0129 39-035-0049 14129 1 0.7194 0.4734 0.0506 0.1460 0.5094 0.0626 0.0164 0.0178 0.0208 0.0178 0.0130 0.0266 0.0214 0.0082 14129 2 0.7316 0.4286 0.0476 0.1375 0.5340 0.0506 0.0150 0.0178 0.0212 0.0180 0.0128 0.0270 0.0214 0.0082 Combine 0 .7194 0.4734 0.0506 0.1460 0.5094 0.0626 0.0164 0.0178 0.0208 0.0178 0.0130 0.0266 0.0214 0.0082 0.4145 39-035-0060 14129 1 0.0090 0.0070 39-035-0061 14129 1 0.0224 0.0122 0.0074 0.0075 0.0128 0.0210 0.0143 0.0144 0.0138 0.0113 0.0068 0.0158 0.0086 0.0048 39-035-0072 14129 1 0.0316 0.0204 0.0543 0.0060 0.0124 0.0138 0.0050 0.0160 0.0138 0.0125 0.0100 0.0096 0.0152 0.0096 0.0354 Franklin 39-049-0025 14129 1 0.0116 0.0078 0.0062 0.0048 0.0064 0.0082 0.0058 0.0080 0.0082 0.0092 0.0064 0.0092 0.0046 0.0056 0.0853 Fulton 39-051-0001 14129 1 0.0580 0.0390 0.1844 0.2095 0.1402 0.0696 0.0170 0.0524 0.1034 0.0627 0.0360 0.0438 0.1746 0.0062 14129 2 0.0557 0.0513 0.2090 0.2135 0.2258 0.0412 0.0146 0.0598 0.0962 0.0573 0.0263 0.0426 0.1622 0.0068 Combine 0.0580 0.0390 0.1844 0.2095 0.1402 0.0696 0.0170 0.0524 0.1034 0.0627 0.0360 0.0438 0.1746 0.0062 0.1780 Logan 39-091-0006 14129 1 0.0050 0.0026 0.0040 0.0028 0.0042 0.0030 0.0028 0.0032 0.0028 0.0028 0.0036 0.0072 0.0032 0.0024 0.0467 Marion 39-101-0003 14129 1 0.0251 0.0325 0.0308 0.0247 0.0285 0.0188 0.0330 0.0292 0.0222 0.0295 0.0333 0.0972 0.0379 0.0145 0.0561 Montgomery 39-113-7001 14129 1 0.0072 0.0052 0.0075 2 0.0076 0.0044 0.0070 Combine 0.0072 0.0052 0.0068 0.0064 Stark 39-151-0017 14129 1 0.0248 0.0094 0.0084 0.0073 0.0084 0.0138 0.0142 0.0112 0.0203 0.0100 0.0128 0.0154 0.0090 0.0066 0.0152 Trumbull 39-155-0012 14129 1 0.0078 0.0078 0.0046 0.0040 0.0042 0.0060 0.0056 0.0056 0.0094 0.0072 0.0058 0.0083 0.0038 0.0112 14129 2 0.0070 0.0085 0.0045 0.0038 0.0042 0.0055 0.0050 0.0058 0.0094 0.0070 0.0058 0.0080 0.0044 0.0117 Combine 0.0078 0.0078 0.0046 0.0040 0.0042 0.0060 0.0056 0.0056 0.0094 0.0072 0.0058 0.0080 0.0038 0.0112 0.0767 Washington 39-167-0008 14129 1 0.0080 0.0063 0.0043 0.0040 0.0036 0.0052 0.0042 0.0096 0.0060 0.0040 0.0026 0.0040 0.0024 0.0032 0.0066 39-167-0010 14129 1 0.0066 0.0055 0.0040 0.0040 0.0038 0.0054 0.0042 0.0046 0.0060 0.0037 0.0026 0.0036 0.0033 0.0030 14129 2 0.0068 0.0050 0.0043 0.0040 0.0038 0.0052 0.0044 0.0060 0.0054 0.0048 0.0026 0.0040 0.0024 0.0032 Combine 0.0066 0.0055 0.0040 0.0040 0.0038 0.0054 0.0042 0.0046 0.0060 0.0037 0.0026 0.0036 0.0030 0.0030 0.0537 No data *The monitoring year begins with November of the prior calendar year Month greater than 0.15 ug/m^3 Value less than the MDL Months with the POC 2 data added to augment the POC 1 missed data Combined value di ī erent from the POC1 value92

## VI. Air Toxics Monitoring 2011

## Blank page 120

## 95 AIR TOXICS MONITORING INTRODUCTION As part of its air quality monitoring program, Ohio EPA, Division of Air Pollution Control (DAPC) operates a network of air toxics monitors as part of a state wide Air Toxics Monitoring Program (ATMP). This Air Toxic sampling network is modeled after programs and methodologies recommended by U.S. EPA. The emphasis has been on urban toxics monitoring for volatile organic compounds and heavy metals. Brief sections describing the sampling and analytical procedures for the pollutants follow the introduction. 1.) Main focus of the ATMP is on urban monitoring, looking for major risk areas where people live. In this effort sampling has concentrated on groups of compounds. volatile organic compounds (VOC), examples: benzene, chloroform, styrene, toluene etc. heavy metals, examples: arsenic, cadmiumThe majority of the sampling has been conducted at semipermanent monitoring sites where monitoring extends beyond a 6 month period. The intermittent sampling stations at these types of sites have been dedicated to VOCs and heavy metals monitoring. See the list following the description of the volatile organic analysis method for the VOC target compounds. The list of target metals is included in the metals description section. Semi-permanent monitoring projects have been conducted in: Cleveland - VOC - Urban, Metals - Urban Middletown - VOC - Source, Metals - Source Columbus - Metals - Urban, VOC - Urban Marietta - Metals - Source Delta - Metals - Source East Liverpool - Metals - Source Steubenville - VOC - Urban Marion - Metals - Urban Bellefontaine - Metals - Urban Elmore - Metals - Urban

## 962.) Throughout 2011 DAPC has worked to expand sampling at semipermanent sites with an emphasis on smaller urban areas. Future sampling projects will involve additional sampling locations or reallocation of current resources to other locations. Expanded air toxics sampling will involve adding other parameters to existing sites. DAPC’s efforts will also include more efficient use of short term sampling. Past sampling efforts have included: Cross Media pollution monitoring Urban air toxics Great Lakes deposition monitoring Source monitoring Post-remediation Monitoring Complaint investigation Emergency Episode Monitoring Emissions verification During 2011 DAPC was involved in several minor monitoring projects throughout the state. However, due to the limited scope of these short term and grab sampling projects they are not included in the data summaries for this year. The sampling and analytical methods for VOCs and heavy metals are described below. VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS SAMPLING A major component of the Air Toxics Monitoring Program is ambient sampling for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These are compounds that are generally found in the vapor state. Some organic compounds can be chlorinated, (contain chlorine) or just hydrocarbons, (contain just hydrogen and carbon atoms). Most of the VOC samples were collected using a whole air sampling system that pumped ambient air into a stainless steel canister. The canister, which is evacuated prior to use, is a storage container which allows an air sample to be maintained virtually unchanged until it is analyzed. In addition to the pumped sampling method, a number of samples were collected using thevacuum of the canister to draw in an air sample. These, vacuumfilled “grab” samples usually take only a few minutes to collect and were useful for collecting transient odors or potentially high concentration samples. DAPC is now capable of collecting specific samples for 1, 3, 8 and 24 hours using this grab sampling method. Initially samples were collected sporadically, however as semi-

## 97 permanent sites were established the sampling program has become more routine. With that, an attempt has been made to collect samples at least twice a month, with a sampling frequency consistent with the national air toxics monitoring schedule of once every 12 th 

## day, over a 24 hour period. The specific procedures for this type of sampling can be found in the U.S. EPA Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compound in Ambient Air in the section TO-14 ANALYSIS The volatile tendency of VOCs allows them to be vaporized when heated, (if not already in that form) and to be injected into an analytical device called a gas chromatograph (GC). As a sample passes through a GC column, the various compounds separate out of the sample mixture. As the individual compounds exit the column, a detector records a response. That response is illustrated on a chromatogram as a peak. The area of each peak indicates the concentration of the compound. Compound identification is accomplished by comparing the retention times of the peaks on a chromatogram with those from a chromatogram of a known mixture of compounds. Retention time is the time it takes for a particular compound to reach the detector. As long as the analytical conditions remain the same, a compound from one analysis to the next will have the same retention time. The typical analytical system used for this study utilized a GC with a special detector called a mass spectrometer (MS). The combination, a GC/MS, can be used to analyze a sample by separating it into its individual components which are then broken down into mass fragments which form a fingerprint by which a compound can be identified. All of DAPC’s canister analyses were conducted at the Ohio EPA Division of Environmental Services (DES). The analytical procedures performed by the laboratory targeted an list of over 60 VOCs for identification and quantitation. The following list includes the current parameters of the analytical target compounds list. Most of the target compounds have a detection limit of 0.2 ppbv. The Exceptions are Acetone, 2-Butanone, Carbon Disulfide, total m&p-Xylenes, which have limits 0.4 ppbv or higher depending of the sample concentration.

## 98 DES VOC Target Compound List for TO- 14A Analysis

1 Acetonitrile 35 cis-1,3-Dichloropropene 2 Acrylonitrile 36 trans-1,3-Dichloropropene 3 Benzene 37 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane 4 Benzyl chloride 38 Ethylbenzene 5 Bromodichloromethane 39 4-Ethyltoluene 6 Bromoform 40 n-Heptane 7 Bromomethane 41 Hexachlorobutadiene 8 1,3-Butadiene 42 Hexane 9 n-butane 43 Methyl-butyl ether 10 2-Butanone 44 Methylene chloride 11 Carbon disulfide 45 4-Methyl-2-pentanone 12 Carbon tetrachloride 46 a-Methylstyrene 13 Chlorobenzene 47 Naphthalene 14 Chlorodifluoromethane 48 n-Nonane 15 Chloroethane 49 n-Octane 16 Chloroform 50 n-Pentane 17 Chloromethane 51 Propylene 18 3-Chloropropene 52 n-Propylbenzene 19 Cumene 53 Styrene 20 Cyclohexane 54 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 21 Decane 55 Tetrachloroethylene 22 Dibromochloromethane 56 Toluene 23 1,2-ibromoethane 57 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 24 Dibromomethane 58 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 25 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 59 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 26 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 60 Trichloroethene 27 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 61 Trichlorofluoromethane 28 Dichlorodifluoromethane 62 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-Trifluoroethane 29 1,1-ichloroethane 63 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 30 1,2-ichloroethane 64 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 31 1,1-ichloroethene 65 n-Undecane 32 cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 66 Vinyl acetate 33 trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 67 Vinyl chloride 34 1,2-Dichloropropane 68 o-Xylene 69 Total m&p-xylenes

## 99 Beyond this list of compounds, additional compounds can be detected and tentatively identified during the analysis of VOC samples. If during the analysis, an unidentified compound of significant quantity, (greater than 0.2 ppb) exist in a sample it can be identified during the MS analysis. However, due to the uncertainty involved with the identification of these additional, non-target compounds and the vast number of them detected they are not included in this report. As the technology and the methods improve and new techniques are developed, it is expected that the target compounds list will be periodically modified. It is also expected that the list will change as U.S. EPA’s emphasis on air toxics compounds changes. The following tables summarize the data from the routine canister samples collected during 2011. Throughout 2011 over 170, 24-hour samples were collected at 6 permanent VOC monitoring sites. SITE IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION AQS #

39- CITY COUNTY ADDRESS TABLE -017-0003 Middletown Butler Verity school 1900 St. John’s Road A -035-0038 Cleveland Cuyahoga 2547 St. Tikhon Ave. B -035-0069 Cleveland Cuyahoga 7300 Superior Ave. C -035-1002 Cleveland Cuyahoga 16900 Holland Rd. D -049-0034 Columbus Franklin Korbel Ave. E -081-0017 Steubenville Jefferson 618 Logan Street F

## 100 

# 2011 SUMMARY TABLE Volatile Organic Compounds Detected 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration ppbv Frequency Detected Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Acetonitrile 0.56 0.28 0.20 62 Acrylonitrile 1.10 0.36 0.20 23 Benzene 7.20 0.73 0.20 100 1,3-Butadiene 0.50 0.37 0.24 2 n-Butane 9.70 1.56 0.25 174 2-Butanone 2.20 0.77 0.50 48 Carbon disulfide 58.00 22.46 0.69 3 Chlorodifluoromethane 3.60 0.49 0.22 166 Chloroform 0.43 0.43 0.43 1 Chloromethane 1.10 0.58 0.37 171 Cyclohexane 3.30 1.78 0.26 2 Decane 0.57 0.44 0.35 3 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 0.21 0.21 0.21 1 Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.84 0.60 0.43 174 Ethylbenzene 0.26 0.23 0.20 4 n-Heptane 0.43 0.29 0.20 5 Hexane 1.20 0.35 0.21 47 Methylene chloride 0.73 0.34 0.21 14 Naphthalene 2.50 0.77 0.20 15 n-Nonane 0.32 0.32 0.32 1 n-Pentane 3.10 0.70 0.21 165 Propylene 2.00 1.29 0.74 4 Toluene 24.00 0.97 0.21 108 Trichlorofluoromethane 4.00 0.41 0.20 170 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 0.21 0.21 0.21 1 Vinyl acetate 2.10 0.60 0.21 75 o-Xylene 0.25 0.24 0.23 3 Total m&p-xylenes 0.89 0.71 0.42 7

## 101 

# Table A. Butler County – (AQS: 39-017-0003) 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration ppbv Frequency Detected Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Acetonitrile 0.42 0.27 0.20 11 Acrylonitrile 0.30 0.30 0.29 2 Benzene 0.43 0.30 0.24 13 1,3-Butadiene n-Butane 2.10 0.90 0.32 28 2-Butanone 0.76 0.61 0.50 10 Carbon disulfide Chlorodifluoromethane 1.20 0.50 0.31 27 Chloroform Chloromethane 0.74 0.60 0.50 28 Cyclohexane Decane 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.74 0.63 0.56 28 Ethylbenzene n-Heptane Hexane 0.38 0.38 0.38 2 Methylene chloride Naphthalene n-Nonane n-Pentane 1.60 0.54 0.23 24 Propylene 0.74 0.74 0.74 1 Toluene 1.00 0.44 0.23 14 Trichlorofluoromethane 0.36 0.31 0.26 28 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Vinyl acetate 0.96 0.51 0.21 17 o-Xylene Total m&p-xylenes

## 102 

# Table B. Cuyahoga County - #1 (AQS: 39-035-0038) 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration ppbv Frequency Detected Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Acetonitrile 0.39 0.28 0.22 11 Acrylonitrile 0.25 0.25 0.25 1 Benzene 0.37 0.25 0.20 12 1,3-Butadiene n-Butane 7.10 2.44 0.51 20 2-Butanone 1.00 0.77 0.62 5 Carbon disulfide 58.00 58.00 58.00 1 Chlorodifluoromethane 1.40 0.58 0.34 20 Chloroform Chloromethane 0.96 0.62 0.39 19 Cyclohexane 3.30 3.30 3.30 1 Decane 0.39 0.39 0.39 1 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.84 0.58 0.44 20 Ethylbenzene n-Heptane Hexane 0.60 0.33 0.21 12 Methylene chloride 0.52 0.38 0.23 6 Naphthalene n-Nonane n-Pentane 1.80 1.08 0.22 20 Propylene Toluene 24.00 2.03 0.21 17 Trichlorofluoromethane 0.33 0.27 0.21 19 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Vinyl acetate 1.10 0.66 0.34 8 o-Xylene Total m&p-xylenes

## 103 

# Table C. Cuyahoga County - #2 (AQS: 39-035-0069) 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration - ppbv Frequency Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Detected Acetonitrile 0.32 0.26 0.21 7 Acrylonitrile 0.38 0.30 0.21 6 Benzene 0.31 0.25 0.22 11 1,3-Butadiene n-Butane 2.70 1.54 0.55 19 2-Butanone 0.83 0.79 0.77 4 Carbon disulfide 8.70 8.70 8.70 1 Chlorodifluoromethane 0.95 0.48 0.26 18 Chloroform Chloromethane 1.10 0.59 0.39 19 Cyclohexane 0.26 0.26 0.26 1 Decane 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.69 0.57 0.46 19 Ethylbenzene n-Heptane Hexane 0.35 0.31 0.26 6 Methylene chloride 0.22 0.22 0.21 2 Naphthalene n-Nonane n-Pentane 1.70 0.79 0.37 19 Propylene Toluene 3.00 0.60 0.22 14 Trichlorofluoromethane 0.38 0.28 0.22 19 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Vinyl acetate 1.20 0.64 0.25 5 o-Xylene Total m&p-xylenes

## 104 

# Table D. Cuyahoga County - #3 (AQS: 39-035-1002) 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration - ppbv Frequency Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Detected Acetonitrile 0.38 0.28 0.22 6 Acrylonitrile Benzene 0.32 0.24 0.20 3 1,3-Butadiene n-Butane 3.20 1.05 0.39 21 2-Butanone 0.71 0.68 0.65 2 Carbon disulfide Chlorodifluoromethane 1.30 0.44 0.30 21 Chloroform Chloromethane 0.69 0.55 0.37 21 Cyclohexane Decane 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.66 0.59 0.44 21 Ethylbenzene n-Heptane Hexane 0.41 0.41 0.41 1 Methylene chloride 0.73 0.73 0.73 1 Naphthalene n-Nonane n-Pentane 1.40 0.44 0.22 19 Propylene 2.00 1.55 1.10 2 Toluene 0.96 0.44 0.22 6 Trichlorofluoromethane 0.69 0.29 0.21 20 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Vinyl acetate 0.89 0.43 0.25 8 o-Xylene Total m&p-xylenes

## 105 

# Table E. Franklin County - (A QS: 39-049-0034) 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration - ppbv Frequency Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Detected Acetonitrile 0.61 0.32 0.22 12 Acrylonitrile 0.29 0.27 0.24 2 Benzene 0.91 0.33 0.20 11 1,3-Butadiene 0.50 0.50 0.50 1 n-Butane 3.30 1.17 0.36 20 2-Butanone 2.20 1.00 0.58 10 Carbon disulfide Chlorodifluoromethane 1.10 0.53 0.34 19 Chloroform 0.43 0.38 0.33 2 Chloromethane 0.66 0.56 0.46 20 Cyclohexane Decane 0.57 0.57 0.57 1 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.67 0.63 0.55 20 Ethylbenzene 0.25 0.23 0.20 2 n-Heptane 0.20 0.20 0.20 1 Hexane 0.68 0.37 0.21 6 Methylene chloride 0.28 0.28 0.28 1 Naphthalene n-Nonane 0.32 0.32 0.32 1 n-Pentane 1.70 0.68 0.29 20 Propylene Toluene 2.10 0.59 0.21 17 Trichlorofluoromethane 0.34 0.30 0.25 20 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Vinyl acetate 1.00 0.56 0.23 12 o-Xylene 0.23 0.23 0.23 2 Total m&p-xylenes 0.89 0.82 0.74 2

## 106 

# Table F. Jefferson County - (AQS: 39-081-0017) 2011 Summary of Canister data Concentration - ppbv Frequency Compound list Maximum Average Minimum Detected Acetonitrile 0.41 0.30 0.20 15 Acrylonitrile 0.48 0.39 0.24 3 Benzene 7.20 1.95 0.21 18 1,3-Butadiene 0.24 0.24 0.24 1 n-Butane 9.70 2.45 0.81 19 2-Butanone 1.40 0.82 0.51 6 Carbon disulfide Chlorodifluoromethane 0.75 0.49 0.27 19 Chloroform Chloromethane 0.67 0.54 0.40 19 Cyclohexane Decane 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.64 0.58 0.44 19 Ethylbenzene 0.26 0.24 0.22 2 n-Heptane 0.43 0.41 0.38 2 Hexane 1.20 0.41 0.22 11 Methylene chloride Naphthalene 2.50 0.76 0.20 12 n-Nonane n-Pentane 3.10 0.96 0.34 18 Propylene Toluene 2.40 0.98 0.26 14 Trichlorofluoromethane 0.31 0.28 0.21 19 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 0.21 0.21 0.21 1 Vinyl acetate 2.10 0.78 0.29 14 o-Xylene Total m&p-xylenes 0.81 0.63 0.42 4

## 107 HEAVY METALS SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS SAMPLING Ambient air toxic monitoring on a routine basis for heavy metals (other than lead), by Ohio EPA DAPC, was initiated in 1989 and has continued. Since that time all of DAPC’s air filter samples have been analyzed by the Ohio EPA Division of Environmental Services (DES). A summary of the results can be found in the following tables. Sampling for heavy metals is conducted using a high volume total suspended particulate (TSP) sampler. With this sampler, particulate matter in the air is collected on a glass fiber filter. Sampling is done intermittently with 24- hour samples collected once every six days. The operating procedures for lead can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR, Part 50, Appendix G. These basic procedures are also used for the other metals. ANALYSIS For this report filters collected at each site were analyzed as a monthly composite. Typically there are 5 sampling days in which a filter is collected. From these individual filters one strip is cut and combined from strips from all the filters collected that month and analyzed as one sample for the month. These composite samples are acid extracted and then the resulting solution analyzed by the ICP/MS similar to the method used for the determination of Lead from TSP filters. SUMMARY OF ICP METHOD: The method measures element - emitted light by optical spectrometry. Samples are nebulized into an aerosol and transported to the plasma by the nebulizer argon flow. The first function of the high temperature plasma is to remove the solvent from, or desoluate, the aerosol, usually leaving the sample as microscopic salt particles. The next steps involve decomposing the salt particles into a gas of individual molecules (vaporization) that are then dissociated into atoms (atomization). The next plasma functions are Excitation and Ionization. The light emitted by the excited atoms and ions in the plasma is measured to obtain information about the sample. For coupling to mass spectrometry, the ions from the plasma are extracted through a series of cones into a mass spectrometer, usually a quadrupole. The ions are separated on the basis of their mass-to-charge ratio and a detector receives an ion signal proportional to the concentration.

## 108 HEAVY METALS PARAMETERS Historically lead was the NAAQS Criteria pollutant released from gasoline into the ambient air. Monitoring for it established the lead filter analysis monitoring program. Over the years DAPC added other metals to the filter analysis program. As lead was phased out of gasoline other metals have risen to greater concern. At one time it was cadmium and from one particular industry it was beryllium. But now Ohio is focused on manganese in several communities. However, trends continue to change and lead has once again become the driving pollutant for filter analysis. As the only metal that is Criteria Pollutant lead is the pollutant that drives the metals monitoring program. With the establishment of a new NAAQS for lead, 0.15 μ g/m3 from the previous standard of 1.5 μ g/m3 and the requirement to monitor near specific sources, lead has been re-established as a pollutant of concern. Since 2010 DACP has had all TSP sampler filters collected analyzed for lead. For this particular section the data collected is from the monthly composite samples collected and analyzed. All monthly composite particulate filter samples collected by DAPC are routinely analyzed for eight metals. arsenic cadmium chromium beryllium lead 1 

## nickel zinc manganese From each sample, most parameters are analyzed using a very sensitive ICPMS analytical system which significantly lowers the detection limit from the standard ICP instrument. The following parameters, which are typically detected in higher concentrations, are still analyzed with the older ICP method. Iron potassium zinc manganese Particulate mercury that can be detected from a glass or quartz fiber filter has been added to the parameter list for a number of samples from sites in communities with specific concerns about potential mercury sources. Mercury analysis for each sample is performed separately from the other metals. Total mercury is determined using a cold vapor method developed by DES.

1 

### Lead is the only parameter being monitored in the ATMP that has a National Ambient Air Quality Standard. See Section V, page 90, Lead.

## 109 The following locations identify the sites that were used for the routine metals monitoring program. SITE IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION AQS # CITY COUNTY ADDRESS TABLE 39-017-0015 Middletown Butler 3901 Lefferson Rd. G 39-029-0019 E. Liverpool Columbiana 1250 St. George St. H 39-029-0020 E. Liverpool Columbiana 2220 Michigan Ave. I 39-029-0022 E. Liverpool Columbiana 500 Maryland Ave. J 39-035-0038 Cleveland Cuyahoga 2547 Tikhon Ave. K 39-035-0042 Cleveland Cuyahoga 3136 Lorain Ave. L 39-035-0049 Cleveland Cuyahoga 4150 East 56th St. M 39-035-0061 Cleveland Cuyahoga West 3 rd 

## . St. N 39-035-0072 Cleveland Cuyahoga 26565 Miles Rd. O 39-049-0025 Columbus Franklin 1700 Ann St. P 39-051-0001 Delta Fulton 200 Van Buren St. Q 39-101-0003 Marion Marion Hawthorne Ave. R NA Marion Marion 363 West Fairgrounds S 39-123-0012 Elmore Ottawa 14244 W. St.Route 105 T 39-091-0006 Bellefontaine Logan 320 Richard Ave. U 39-151-0017 Canton Stark 1330 Dueber Ave. SW V 39-155-0012 NE of Hubbard Trumbull 2600 Elmwood Dr. W 39-167-0008 Marietta Washington Lancaster Rd. X 39-167-0010 Marietta Washington 115 Victory Place Y

## 110 Table G. Middletown Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Ohio Bell Lat: N 39.4899 Elv. : 204 m 3901 Lefferson Rd. Long: W -84.364067 AQS: 39-017-0015 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Butler - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 1.00 0.07 0.43 7.08 6.49 1.12 88.0 72.0 FEBRUARY 0.95 <0.056 0.35 4.90 5.98 0.95 84.0 70.0 MARCH 0.92 <0.054 0.24 2.86 4.75 0.73 34.0 70.0 APRIL 1.30 0.14 0.24 3.55 4.51 0.92 78.0 56.0 MAY 1.58 0.08 0.31 3.84 5.17 0.80 61.0 48.0 JUNE 3.83 0.07 0.29 5.46 12.20 0.98 78.0 58.0 JULY 2.49 <0.069 0.33 3.72 6.41 1.10 46.0 49.0 AUGUST 1.61 0.07 0.38 5.32 7.40 1.05 74.0 71.0 SEPTEMBER 2.62 <0.136 0.42 2.21 5.77 <1.36 26.0 85.0 OCTOBER 2.27 0.07 0.23 3.07 4.79 1.01 55.0 43.0 NOVEMBER 1.18 <0.055 0.51 2.44 9.61 0.92 39.0 76.0 DECEMBER 1.54 <0.055 0.21 2.82 3.41 0.78 39.0 50.0 

## Table H. East Liverpool Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Port Authority Lat: N 40.631111 Elv. : 209 m 1250 St. George St. Long: W -80.546944 AQS: 39-029-0019 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Columbiana - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc mercury JANUARY 1.41 <0.04 0.41 1.50 5.39 0.81 33.0 42.0 0.050 FEBRUARY 1.53 <0.041 0.88 2.12 6.22 1.05 37.0 44.0 0.050 MARCH 1.58 0.06 0.60 4.19 19.90 2.00 160.0 65.0 0.065 APRIL 1.98 0.12 3.00 3.85 35.80 2.76 140.0 180.0 0.089 MAY 2.42 0.10 0.98 3.44 12.20 1.90 120.0 62.0 0.110 JUNE 2.30 0.25 0.87 7.12 13.40 2.97 200.0 48.0 0.170 JULY 3.89 0.24 1.55 5.66 32.90 3.65 260.0 200.0 0.069 AUGUST 4.50 0.23 3.01 5.62 34.80 2.92 360.0 250.0 0.076 SEPTEMBER 2.10 <0.04 0.81 2.06 12.50 0.95 80.0 110.0 0.035 OCTOBER 2.38 0.08 1.04 4.37 18.50 2.04 200.0 150.0 0.047 NOVEMBER 1.60 0.07 0.75 2.51 13.00 1.21 75.0 110.0 0.047 DECEMBER 1.94 <0.04 0.57 3.56 12.50 1.75 170.0 72.0 0.040

## 111 Table I. East Liverpool Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Waterplant Lat: N 40.639722 Elv. : 212 m 2220 Michigan Ave. Long: W -80.523889 AQS: 39-029-0020 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Columbiana - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc mercury JANUARY 1.29 <0.069 0.38 2.06 4.20 1.05 110.0 39.0 0.040 FEBRUARY 0.97 <0.043 1.81 2.43 6.21 1.61 150.0 44.0 0.050 MARCH 1.76 <0.043 0.54 6.29 12.70 6.04 1100.0 69.0 0.079 APRIL 2.31 <0.045 1.61 8.03 18.30 6.57 1300.0 160.0 0.110 MAY 3.25 <0.045 1.09 6.98 33.00 4.26 790.0 79.0 0.081 JUNE 2.21 <0.046 0.56 13.20 7.15 6.19 840.0 33.0 0.120 JULY 3.67 <0.043 1.15 5.92 17.60 7.99 1200.0 210.0 0.062 AUGUST 4.86 <0.042 1.99 5.97 24.50 4.19 1500.0 230.0 0.080 SEPTEMBER 2.82 <0.041 0.89 12.00 11.00 4.80 1300.0 110.0 0.079 OCTOBER 2.48 <0.041 1.06 6.21 17.70 5.05 1600.0 150.0 0.150 NOVEMBER 1.72 <0.041 0.95 2.96 20.40 1.78 140.0 110.0 0.045 DECEMBER 1.93 <0.041 0.71 6.21 12.00 3.02 1300.0 76.0 0.069 

## Table J. East Liverpool Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Lat: N 40.635 Elv. : 229 m 500 Maryland Ave. Long: W -80.546667 AQS: 39-029-0022 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Columbiana - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc mercury JANUARY 1.48 <0.054 0.28 2.24 5.35 0.88 41.0 47.0 0.040 FEBRUARY 0.95 <0.054 0.88 2.83 5.72 1.07 50.0 47.0 0.030 MARCH 1.27 0.07 6.90 7.87 20.80 1.91 200.0 75.0 0.039 APRIL 1.36 <0.057 1.44 4.19 31.20 2.15 120.0 170.0 0.045 MAY 1.66 <0.057 0.71 5.29 10.40 1.62 110.0 71.0 0.041 JUNE 1.81 0.06 0.78 5.34 15.80 1.41 100.0 50.0 0.006 JULY 2.98 <0.068 0.87 5.24 22.80 2.67 150.0 91.0 0.051 AUGUST 3.95 0.05 2.69 5.61 32.50 2.07 220.0 220.0 0.066 SEPTEMBER 1.76 <0.05 0.67 2.30 11.50 1.00 37.0 100.0 0.056 OCTOBER 1.93 <0.051 0.94 4.77 17.10 1.85 180.0 140.0 0.049 NOVEMBER 1.37 <0.071 1.14 3.40 15.10 1.19 70.0 150.0 0.060 DECEMBER 2.09 <0.051 0.57 4.30 15.60 1.92 100.0 74.0 0.035

## 112 Table K. Cleveland Heavy Metals Data - 2011 St. Theodosius Church Lat: N 41.476944 Elv. : 202 m 2547 St. Tikhon Ave. Long: W -81.681944 AQS: 39-035-0038 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Cuyahoga - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.73 <0.053 0.24 1.58 5.96 1.13 12.0 39.0 FEBRUARY <0.53 <0.053 1.45 2.37 7.07 2.21 19.0 60.0 MARCH 0.84 <0.052 0.44 3.25 12.20 2.30 41.0 66.0 APRIL 1.07 <0.052 0.59 4.55 16.70 4.37 75.0 82.0 MAY 0.85 <0.065 0.28 2.45 8.36 2.34 36.0 50.0 JUNE <0.85 <0.085 0.36 4.15 10.70 1.91 35.0 52.0 JULY 1.34 <0.051 0.48 3.11 12.70 3.94 57.0 85.0 AUGUST 1.53 <0.043 0.57 2.72 12.40 5.16 53.0 90.0 SEPTEMBER 1.05 <0.053 0.25 2.31 7.00 2.87 19.0 47.0 OCTOBER 2.68 0.07 0.57 4.52 16.10 4.83 110.0 120.0 NOVEMBER 1.84 <0.055 0.42 2.78 7.29 2.19 40.0 65.0 DECEMBER 1.03 <0.054 0.19 2.21 5.39 1.50 27.0 47.0 

## Table L. Cleveland Heavy Metals Data - 2011 FIRE "4A" Lat: N 41.482222 Elv. : 208 m 3136 Lorain Ave. Long: W -81.708889 AQS: 39-035-0042 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Cuyahoga - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.78 <0.057 0.24 1.20 6.82 1.13 7.3 46.0 FEBRUARY <0.71 <0.071 0.65 2.30 7.52 2.20 8.8 41.0 MARCH 0.92 <0.056 0.37 1.56 12.50 1.97 16.0 49.0 APRIL 1.13 <0.055 0.47 2.48 16.50 3.80 32.0 53.0 MAY 1.76 <0.055 0.40 1.79 8.59 2.53 21.0 44.0 JUNE 1.37 <0.055 0.71 2.30 8.15 2.56 19.0 39.0 JULY 1.68 <0.091 0.29 1.98 8.50 2.64 18.0 47.0 AUGUST 1.64 <0.045 0.39 1.90 10.90 2.62 21.0 63.0 SEPTEMBER 1.19 <0.055 0.26 1.58 7.43 2.40 16.0 44.0 OCTOBER 2.11 <0.055 0.43 2.38 16.80 2.69 30.0 65.0 NOVEMBER 1.13 <0.056 0.33 1.81 7.84 1.93 20.0 51.0 DECEMBER 0.69 <0.056 0.20 1.34 4.72 1.80 7.7 27.0

## 113 Table M. Cleveland Heavy Metals Data - 2011 FERRO "A" Lat: N 41.446667 Elv. : 213 m 4150 EAST 56th STR. Long: W -81.651111 AQS: 39-035-0049 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Cuyahoga - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 1.60 <0.057 1.47 7.21 44.80 105.00 170.0 120.0 FEBRUARY 1.16 <0.071 1.28 3.63 139.00 67.30 91.0 110.0 MARCH 1.14 0.06 0.75 3.93 444.00 14.10 91.0 150.0 APRIL 1.79 <0.056 0.78 5.21 61.90 50.50 130.0 110.0 MAY 1.98 <0.055 0.53 4.77 14.70 9.89 98.0 110.0 JUNE 1.77 0.08 0.83 7.61 15.90 36.20 200.0 110.0 JULY 1.80 0.08 0.92 6.29 19.40 56.50 200.0 150.0 AUGUST 2.10 0.06 1.02 6.39 16.50 46.40 180.0 140.0 SEPTEMBER 1.48 <0.055 0.94 3.18 12.10 76.00 110.0 79.0 OCTOBER 2.39 <0.056 1.08 6.98 24.80 31.90 150.0 130.0 NOVEMBER 1.63 <0.056 1.89 10.20 19.40 83.60 210.0 160.0 DECEMBER 1.16 <0.057 0.43 2.58 7.48 9.66 39.0 62.0 

## Table N. Cleveland Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Asphalt Plant "A" Lat: N 41.475064 Elv. : 181 m West 3rd St. Long: W -81.675962 AQS: 39-035-0061 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Cuyahoga - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.79 <0.054 0.18 1.49 6.43 1.35 15.0 60.0 FEBRUARY <0.67 <0.067 0.18 1.73 7.35 1.75 23.0 50.0 MARCH 0.92 0.08 0.26 2.67 11.90 3.37 61.0 63.0 APRIL 1.35 0.10 0.49 5.70 21.20 4.27 140.0 120.0 MAY 1.96 0.10 0.40 3.98 13.70 2.86 100.0 83.0 JUNE 1.34 0.06 0.28 3.40 14.80 2.90 73.0 79.0 JULY 1.48 0.09 0.37 3.63 12.90 4.77 100.0 82.0 AUGUST 1.50 <0.043 0.41 2.68 9.98 6.98 60.0 89.0 SEPTEMBER 1.19 <0.052 0.25 3.35 6.81 2.74 49.0 60.0 OCTOBER 1.91 0.09 0.44 4.10 15.90 4.45 98.0 110.0 NOVEMBER 1.45 <0.053 0.24 2.85 8.45 1.92 59.0 63.0 DECEMBER 0.92 0.06 0.18 2.46 4.36 1.60 50.0 49.0

## 114 Table O. Cleveland Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Century Lat: N 41.42585 Elv. : 332 m 26565 Miles Rd. Long: W -81.49078 AQS: 39-035-0072 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Cuyahoga - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.75 <0.07 0.23 1.83 51.50 2.36 13.0 70.0 FEBRUARY 0.64 <0.056 0.21 1.11 6.22 2.05 8.6 32.0 MARCH 18.20 <0.055 0.23 5.05 11.30 26.00 430.0 54.0 APRIL 2.36 <0.055 0.25 3.88 13.40 6.09 840.0 46.0 MAY 0.93 <0.055 0.14 1.46 4.77 2.93 130.0 29.0 JUNE 4.07 <0.068 0.19 17.00 15.20 9.26 3200.0 43.0 JULY 7.80 <0.054 0.18 31.30 12.80 22.60 6200.0 58.0 AUGUST 7.52 <0.045 0.54 5.15 11.20 18.70 960.0 56.0 SEPTEMBER 3.21 <0.068 0.36 3.06 9.74 14.50 1300.0 41.0 OCTOBER 1.32 <0.055 0.24 1.58 9.08 2.41 14.0 49.0 NOVEMBER 0.75 <0.055 0.18 1.54 14.50 2.66 77.0 40.0 DECEMBER 0.75 <0.056 0.13 1.73 8.36 3.19 14.0 31.0 

## Table P. Columbus Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Woodrow Lat: N 39.928056 Elv. : 234 m 1700 Ann St. Long: W -82.981111 AQS: 39-049-0025 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Franklin - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.78 <0.057 0.21 1.48 5.63 1.47 8.5 50.0 FEBRUARY 0.59 <0.057 0.15 1.27 4.80 0.68 8.2 48.0 MARCH 0.94 <0.059 0.36 1.50 6.61 1.07 11.0 64.0 APRIL 1.31 <0.059 0.27 1.76 8.64 1.19 13.0 91.0 MAY 1.26 <0.058 0.29 1.60 6.12 0.89 10.0 89.0 JUNE 1.67 <0.06 0.23 2.54 6.89 1.38 18.0 61.0 JULY 1.51 <0.06 0.31 1.94 7.96 1.34 13.0 77.0 AUGUST 1.87 <0.061 0.38 6.32 21.30 2.65 110.0 120.0 SEPTEMBER 1.10 <0.059 0.24 1.63 6.04 1.24 14.0 44.0 OCTOBER 2.05 <0.058 0.33 1.81 8.55 1.42 17.0 130.0 NOVEMBER 0.84 <0.058 0.15 1.90 4.62 1.13 15.0 35.0 DECEMBER 1.27 <0.057 0.19 1.68 5.60 1.49 11.0 84.0

## 115 Table Q. NWDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Delta Lat: N 41.575278 Elv. : 220 m 200 Van Buren St. Long: W -83.996389 AQS: 39-051-0001 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Fulton - Designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.62 <0.049 0.68 0.98 169.00 0.84 6.7 1000.0 FEBRUARY <0.62 <0.062 1.37 1.12 205.00 0.79 7.6 1300.0 MARCH 0.70 <0.049 0.57 1.24 150.00 0.94 7.3 700.0 APRIL 0.75 <0.057 0.63 1.45 68.20 1.10 10.0 250.0 MAY 0.98 <0.061 0.18 1.37 16.80 0.83 6.9 100.0 JUNE 1.01 <0.048 0.50 1.40 50.20 1.39 15.0 240.0 JULY 0.85 <0.047 0.48 1.32 93.80 1.38 12.0 330.0 AUGUST 1.44 <0.041 1.89 1.39 55.50 1.05 12.0 400.0 SEPTEMBER 1.15 <0.048 0.50 0.99 35.80 0.67 6.6 120.0 OCTOBER 1.26 <0.048 0.48 1.16 40.00 0.80 16.0 270.0 NOVEMBER 0.99 <0.047 1.00 1.30 175.00 1.00 16.0 580.0 DECEMBER 1.31 <0.046 0.14 1.08 5.82 <0.46 4.8 30.0 

## Table R. NWDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Prospect Lat: N 40.571405 Elv. : 247 m Hawthorne Ave. Long: W -83.135557 AQS: 39-101-0003 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Marion - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc mercury JANUARY 1.53 <0.048 0.61 8.62 45.40 4.85 230.0 140.0 0.180 FEBRUARY 1.60 <0.046 0.45 5.48 28.40 3.64 150.0 100.0 0.310 MARCH 1.13 <0.055 0.60 5.71 45.90 2.82 120.0 250.0 0.070 APRIL 1.32 <0.057 0.37 6.09 17.80 2.87 110.0 79.0 0.064 MAY 0.69 <0.048 0.24 3.49 10.60 1.48 46.0 59.0 0.051 JUNE 1.40 <0.047 0.39 7.83 17.90 3.55 110.0 130.0 0.023 JULY 1.51 <0.055 0.42 6.04 19.10 2.87 91.0 97.0 0.046 AUGUST 1.39 <0.047 0.62 6.76 34.10 3.18 110.0 200.0 0.074 SEPTEMBER 1.53 <0.057 0.42 6.27 24.10 3.25 120.0 120.0 0.084 OCTOBER 1.63 <0.047 0.43 5.45 22.10 3.54 85.0 100.0 0.071 NOVEMBER 2.30 <0.044 0.46 4.77 33.70 5.23 95.0 130.0 0.047 DECEMBER 0.62 <0.046 0.21 4.02 7.71 1.64 54.0 49.0 0.030

## 116 Table S. NWDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Fairgrounds 363 West Fairgrounds Marion, Ohio AQS: 39- Left Parameters units - - ng/m3 Marion - Designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 1.13 <0.05 0.40 3.36 14.70 0.85 17.0 710.0 FEBRUARY 1.09 <0.068 0.28 1.82 8.73 1.05 18.0 120.0 MARCH 0.61 <0.035 0.23 2.34 10.20 0.85 17.0 410.0 APRIL 1.03 <0.042 0.31 5.34 33.40 1.07 20.0 850.0 MAY 1.37 <0.042 0.67 5.97 38.20 1.70 27.0 2700.0 JUNE 1.69 <0.052 0.79 4.09 41.60 1.25 22.0 1800.0 JULY 1.52 <0.042 0.44 2.66 15.10 1.09 19.0 430.0 AUGUST 1.03 <0.043 0.50 4.34 13.40 2.63 17.0 530.0 SEPTEMBER 1.61 <0.043 0.63 2.19 15.50 1.18 17.0 740.0 OCTOBER 1.19 <0.051 0.54 1.99 19.40 1.44 21.0 590.0 NOVEMBER 0.98 <0.041 0.72 2.12 25.30 0.90 22.0 660.0 DECEMBER 1.62 <0.041 3.34 4.33 46.60 0.97 20.0 400.0 

## Table T. NWDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Brush Wellman 32 Lat: N 41.495833 Elv. : 177 m 14244 W. St. Route 105 Long: W -83.206944 AQS: 39-123-0012 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Ottawa - Designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.40 0.10 0.08 0.27 2.52 0.24 1.7 13.0 FEBRUARY 0.32 0.18 0.09 0.35 2.29 0.28 2.3 14.0 MARCH 0.43 0.02 0.08 0.31 2.91 0.40 3.0 17.0 APRIL 0.51 0.09 0.09 0.39 2.92 0.59 8.6 17.0 MAY 0.65 0.07 0.13 0.43 2.86 1.07 7.7 24.0 JUNE 0.31 0.06 0.04 0.26 1.22 0.34 3.4 10.0 JULY 0.51 0.10 0.09 0.33 2.24 0.25 3.0 8.3 AUGUST 0.75 0.05 0.08 0.30 2.12 0.33 2.5 9.0 SEPTEMBER 0.55 0.07 0.09 0.28 2.25 0.40 2.8 14.0 OCTOBER 0.60 0.03 0.07 0.27 1.95 0.26 3.3 12.0 NOVEMBER 0.38 0.04 0.06 0.26 1.74 0.22 3.2 9.8 DECEMBER 0.39 0.07 0.09 0.35 2.75 0.44 2.5 17.0

## 117 Table U. SWDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Bellefontaine Lat: N 40.341111 Elv. : 377 m 320 Richard Ave. Long: W -83.75778 AQS: 39-091-0006 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Logan - Designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY <0.62 <0.062 0.13 1.75 3.83 1.37 3.3 31.0 FEBRUARY <0.45 <0.045 0.12 0.93 2.75 1.03 3.3 16.0 MARCH 0.78 <0.043 0.15 1.02 4.03 1.24 5.8 21.0 APRIL 0.74 <0.044 0.14 0.88 3.12 0.62 4.8 19.0 MAY 0.70 <0.054 0.09 0.89 2.45 0.77 3.6 13.0 JUNE 0.73 <0.044 0.13 2.18 3.59 0.87 8.0 18.0 JULY 1.56 <0.046 0.16 1.03 3.16 0.71 7.5 16.0 AUGUST 0.90 <0.038 0.16 1.07 3.02 0.61 5.8 17.0 SEPTEMBER 0.66 <0.044 0.09 0.82 3.36 0.52 4.5 13.0 OCTOBER 0.83 <0.043 0.21 0.97 7.71 0.71 6.9 18.0 NOVEMBER 0.59 <0.042 0.12 0.82 3.05 0.71 7.6 19.0 DECEMBER 0.54 <0.043 0.14 0.81 2.29 0.61 3.7 17.0 

## Table V. Canton APC Div. Data - 2011 Firestation #8 Lat: N 40.786667 Elv. : 319 m 1330 Dueber Avenue SW Long: W -81.394444 AQS: 39-151-0017 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Stark - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 1.64 <0.045 0.41 5.67 11.00 2.77 110.0 130.0 FEBRUARY 1.50 <0.058 0.37 6.21 7.61 2.42 53.0 130.0 MARCH 0.95 <0.046 0.25 3.46 7.73 1.88 30.0 130.0 APRIL 1.53 <0.046 0.43 7.27 13.90 3.39 74.0 140.0 MAY 4.62 <0.048 0.30 3.81 14.60 2.12 41.0 120.0 JUNE 2.03 <0.048 0.39 6.63 9.50 2.99 77.0 110.0 JULY 1.39 <0.075 0.42 5.63 20.80 2.93 52.0 170.0 AUGUST 1.61 <0.044 0.46 5.81 9.98 3.72 58.0 270.0 SEPTEMBER 1.84 <0.043 0.54 4.63 11.80 2.35 71.0 190.0 OCTOBER 2.74 <0.042 0.50 7.59 15.50 3.59 92.0 370.0 NOVEMBER 1.77 <0.043 0.49 6.00 8.94 3.02 76.0 170.0 DECEMBER 1.06 <0.043 0.25 3.72 6.09 1.34 38.0 160.0

## 118 Table W. Mahoning Trumbull APC Agency Data - 2011 Hubbard Twp. Admin. Bldg. Lat: N 41.1728010694 Elv. : 288 m 2600 Elmwood Drive Long: W -80.555498175 AQS: 39-155-0012 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Trumbull - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.73 <0.057 0.19 1.51 4.37 0.72 15.0 33.0 FEBRUARY 1.52 <0.057 0.31 1.70 3.90 0.82 22.0 36.0 MARCH 0.88 <0.056 0.33 1.85 4.46 1.02 23.0 48.0 APRIL 1.00 <0.056 0.30 1.79 6.02 0.78 21.0 53.0 MAY 1.05 <0.055 0.16 1.61 5.60 0.69 14.0 38.0 JUNE 1.00 <0.055 0.19 2.10 5.49 0.82 29.0 37.0 JULY 1.17 <0.044 0.46 1.20 39.20 0.84 16.0 260.0 AUGUST 1.60 <0.045 0.39 2.04 6.69 0.94 32.0 100.0 SEPTEMBER 1.01 <0.055 0.31 1.62 5.36 0.68 13.0 45.0 OCTOBER 2.20 <0.069 0.40 1.71 7.49 0.95 20.0 56.0 NOVEMBER 0.65 <0.055 0.15 1.88 3.72 0.77 29.0 57.0 DECEMBER 0.95 <0.055 0.64 1.77 10.20 0.69 9.9 64.0 

## Table X. SEDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Washington Co. Career Center Lat: N 39.433611 Elv. : 300 m Lancaster Rd. Long: W -81.5025 AQS: 39-167-0008 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Washington - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc mercury JANUARY <0.55 <0.055 0.24 0.67 4.31 <0.55 210.0 28.0 0.020 FEBRUARY <0.56 <0.056 0.23 0.57 3.85 <0.56 47.0 17.0 0.020 MARCH 0.64 <0.045 0.16 0.74 3.51 0.57 25.0 23.0 0.020 APRIL 0.85 <0.047 0.32 0.86 5.18 0.57 85.0 23.0 0.021 MAY 0.84 <0.046 0.25 1.18 4.15 <0.46 29.0 23.0 0.014 JUNE 0.93 <0.046 0.41 0.80 4.34 0.51 210.0 19.0 0.016 JULY 1.10 <0.047 0.41 1.03 5.26 0.56 190.0 22.0 0.013 AUGUST 1.13 <0.039 0.21 0.82 3.67 0.47 84.0 18.0 0.013 SEPTEMBER 0.70 <0.047 0.12 0.78 2.31 <0.47 110.0 16.0 0.014 OCTOBER 1.12 <0.047 0.30 0.98 4.07 0.56 270.0 29.0 0.023 NOVEMBER <0.46 <0.046 0.15 0.79 1.99 0.78 100.0 15.0 0.016 DECEMBER 0.68 <0.045 0.14 0.70 2.87 <0.45 110.0 22.0 0.017

## 119 Table Y. SEDO Heavy Metals Data - 2011 Washington County Educational Service Center 115 Victory Place - Harmar Site Lat: N 39.4137294803 Elv. : 252 m Marietta, Ohio Long: W -81.470405310 AQS: 39-167-0010 Parameters units - - ng/m3 Washington - designated MONTH arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead nickel manganese zinc JANUARY 0.91 <0.041 0.17 0.75 3.86 0.41 70.0 24.0 FEBRUARY 0.72 <0.043 0.19 0.55 3.94 <0.43 78.0 16.0 MARCH 0.71 <0.042 0.20 0.76 3.85 0.61 23.0 21.0 APRIL 1.20 <0.043 0.53 0.94 5.65 0.67 120.0 26.0 MAY 1.01 <0.042 0.34 1.52 4.00 1.32 93.0 31.0 JUNE 1.09 <0.042 0.78 0.91 4.38 0.51 120.0 17.0 JULY 1.23 <0.041 0.37 1.09 5.36 0.52 120.0 19.0 AUGUST 1.12 <0.034 0.28 0.84 3.34 0.53 150.0 22.0 SEPTEMBER 0.82 <0.041 0.11 0.73 2.25 <0.41 55.0 12.0 OCTOBER 1.00 <0.040 0.28 0.86 3.83 0.55 170.0 30.0 NOVEMBER 0.76 <0.052 0.20 0.72 3.07 <0.52 120.0 26.0 DECEMBER 0.77 <0.041 0.11 0.71 2.68 <0.41 24.0 19.0

## 120 FUTURE The long term air toxics monitoring goals of DAPC will focus on the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA), particularly Section 112, and will support the development of EPA’s Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy. In addition the air toxics monitoring efforts will incorporate relative elements of the mission and goals of DAPC to protect the environment for the benefit of all and to develop improved air toxics information. The current strategy of urban based monitoring has evolved over the years and the number of sites and locations have changed depending on resources and priorities. The major emphasis of existing sampling projects is to develop and establish cost effective, routine sampling and analysis procedures. U.S. EPA has provided the Compendium of Recommended Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air. Methods have been updated to allow for more uniform approaches for sampling and analyzing various groups of compounds. New methods have been developed and added for compounds not previously targeted. There is even a Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants In Indoor Air. Ohio EPA’s own air toxics monitoring capacity has been enhanced with the expansion of the air canister sample analysis capability by the Division of Environmental Services (DES). Future Goals of the division will be modified to be compatible with the National Air Toxics Assessment Network activities. The intent of this network is to provide measurements of ambient concentrations of air toxics at monitoring sites throughout the nation for the estimation of human and environmental exposure to air toxics, and the assessment of risk due to air toxics. As part of the current grant commitment to U.S. EPA, DAPC will continue its effort to submit future Air Toxics Data to the AQS Database. As part of that effort DAPC will compile all air toxics data collected in previous years so that it may eventually be submitted to AQS. DAPC has already made an effort to have all metals data submitted to AQS. An intermediate effort of DAPC will be to conduct follow-up sampling efforts for the U.S. EPA School Air Toxics Program. Some of these areas were a high priority before the EPA study and will continue to be until the situation is mitigated. One development of this program was the expanded role of district and local air agencies into air toxics sampling.

## 121 Modernization: DAPC will pursue information on new technology such as:  Continuous gas chromatography, mass spectrometry  DES has developed an ICP/MS method for lead to be equivalent to Manual Equivalent Method: EQL-0710-192 and it is used to analyze all standard metals parameters, (except manganese, mercury and zinc), from single filters.  Updates of the Compendium of Recommended Methods are available at the following: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/airtox.html and http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/inorg.html and  Modernizing the Stainless Steel Canister inventory  Evaluate future training needs for Air Toxics Monitoring:  sampling methods,  analytical procedures,  equipment

## Blank Page 122

## 123 VII. AIR QUALITY INDEX (AQI) There has been a daily reporting of ambient air quality in Ohio's major metropolitan areas in some form since 1971. A national Pollution Standards Index (PSI) was established in 1977 to report air quality. This index was adopted by Ohio EPA's District Offices and the local air agencies (LAA's) to inform the public of daily air quality. In the summer of 1999 the PSI scale was revised and renamed the Air Quality Index (AQI). It was modified to add 2.5 micron particulate matter (PM 2.5 

## ) and to accommodate the 8-Hour ozone standard. The AQI (see Table 13) is a uniform "scaling" of five pollutants: particulate (PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## ), sulfur dioxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The concentration level of each of these is calculated every day to determine the AQI. The pollutant with the highest AQI is reported to the media. When the AQI exceeds, or is expected to exceed, 100 in a major city, the agency concerned issues a "health advisory". When pollution levels exceed an AQI of 200 and are projected to persist, an "air pollution episode" exists and the Governor declares an "alert". This initiates mandatory cutbacks of emissions from specified facilities to alleviate the situation. If the AQI were to surpass 300, 400 or 500, progressively greater cutbacks would be implemented to reduce pollutants to an acceptable level. The AQI trend shows that Ohio's air quality has improved significantly. Although alerts were commonplace in the early 1970's, none have happened in over twenty years, and the number of health advisories has been greatly reduced.31ELBATrtnecnoCtnatulloPhtiWseulaVIQAfOnosirapmoCsroloCdetaicossAdnAsdroWrotpircseD,snoitaMP01m/gμ3MP5.2m/gμ3OCmppOS2mppenozOmpp1ON2mppXEDNIEULAVruoH-42 ruoH-42 ruoH-8 ruoH-42 ruoH-8 ruoH-1 ruoH-1roloC yrogetaC05-045-0 4.51-0.0 4.4-0.0neerGdooG001-15451-55 4.04-5.51 4.9-5.4wolleYetaredoM051-101 452-551 4.56-5.04 4.21-5.9 461.0-521.0egnarOyhtlaehnUevitisneSrofspuorG002-151 453-552 4.051-5.5624.51-5.21 402.0-561.0deRyhtlaehnU003-102 424-553 4.052-5.05124.03-5.51 404.0-502.0 42.1-56.0elpruPyreVyhtlaehnU-103 -524 5.0522- -5.03 506.0 )3( -504.0 -52.1nooraMsuodrazaH1zorH-8nodesabIQAehttroperotderiuqeryllarenegerasaerA.desusirH-1rorH-8ehtfomumixamehT.seulaveno2MProfleveLmraHtnacifingiStnereffidafI5.2.degnahceblliwsrebmuneseht,detaglumorpsi3(seulavIQArehgihenifedtonodseulavenozOrH-8$enozorH-1htiwdetaluclacerarehgihro103foseulavIQA.)103.snoitartnecnoc



## 1240.000-0.0590.060-0.0750.076-0.0950.096-0.1150.116-0.3740.305-0.6040-0.0530.054-0.1000.101-0.3600.361-0.640-0.0350.036-0.0750.076-0.1850.186-0.304

## 125 AQI Chart The accompanying table shows the AQI values for selected counties. It should be noted that the daily AQI values that are calculated and reported on a daily basis for cities in these counties may differ from those in the table. The daily AQI is based on a limited number of monitors (particularly PM 10 

## and PM 2.5 

## ). This table uses data from all Federal Reference Monitors in the county. From those data the highest AQI value is chosen for each day. The data in TABLE 14 is for the AQI in effect during 2011. The table gives a general representation of the relative air quality in these counties. There were no readings in the “very unhealthy” or “hazardous” categories. TABLE 14 County Highest AQI Value Days in each category: Good Moderate Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups Unhealthy Butler 147 201 90 14 0 Clark 116 287 71 7 0 Cuyahoga 129 171 179 15 0 Franklin 132 255 102 8 0 Hamilton 161 218 114 31 2 Jefferson 153 230 127 7 1 Lake 150 225 75 65 0 Lawrence 100 329 36 0 0 Lucas 122 298 64 3 0 Mahoning 116 304 59 2 0 Montgomery 147 285 73 7 0 Stark 129 241 116 8 0 Summit 124 268 91 6 0 Trumbull 116 209 51 4 0

## Blank Page 122

## VIII. MONITORING SITES 2011

## Blank Page 122

## 129 Explanation of AQS codes: The first column is the AQS number which consists of: 39-the state code NNN-the county code, alphabetical, odd numbers only NNNN-the site code The second column is the county in which the monitoring site is located The third column is a street address or city name The fourth column lists the pollutants monitored at the site. The main parameters monitored at sites are: PB Lead PM10 Ten Micron Particulate Matter (PM 10 

## ) LC25 2.5 Micron Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 

## ) PM25C 2.5 Micron Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 

## ) Continuous PMSP 2.5 Micron Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 

## ) Speciation PT Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) O3 Ozone (O 3 

## ) SO2 Sulfur Dioxide CO Carbon Monoxide NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

## 130 Monitoring Network in 2011 Monitors that had data in any part of 2011 AQS County Site Location Parameter(s) Number 39-001-0001 Adams 210 N. Wilson SO2, PM25C 39-003-0006 Allen 1314 Findlay Rd. PM10 39-003-0007 Allen Rousch Rd. PM10 39-003-0008 Allen North St. PM10 39-003-0009 Allen 2850 Bible Rd. SO2, O3, PM25C, LC25 39-007-1001 Ashtabula Conneaut O3, SO2 39-009-0003 Athens Gifford State Forest LC25 39-009-0004 Athens 7760 Blackburn Rd. SO2, NO2, O3, PM25C 39-013-3002 Belmont E 40 St., Shadyside SO2 39-017-0003 Butler Bonita & St. John PM10, LC25 39-017-0004 Butler Schuler & Bender O3 39-017-0015 Butler 3901 Lefferson PM10, PB, PT 39-017-0016 Butler 400 Nilles Rd. LC25 39-017-0018 Butler 1701 Runway Dr. O3 39-017-0019 Butler 1300 Oxford State Rd. SO2, LC25, PM25C 39-017-0020 Butler 3350 Yankee Rd. SO2, LC25, PM25C 39-023-0001 Clark 5171 Urbana Rd. O3 39-023-0003 Clark 5400 Spangler Rd. O3, SO2 39-023-0005 Clark 350 N. Fountain Ave. LC25, PM25C 39-025-0022 Clermont 2400 Clermont Center Dr. O3, LC25, PM25C 39-027-1002 Clinton 62 Laurel Dr., Career Cntr O3 39-029-0019 Columbiana 1250 George St. PB 39-029-0020 Columbiana 2220 Michigan Ave. PM10, PB, PT 39-029-0022 Columbiana 500 Maryland Ave. SO2, PM10, PB 39-035-0034 Cuyahoga 891 E 152 St. O3, LC25 39-035-0038 Cuyahoga 2547 St. Tikhon Ave. PB, SO2, PM10, LC25, PMSP, PM25C, PT 39-035-0042 Cuyahoga 3136 Lorain PB, PT 39-035-0045 Cuyahoga 45950 Broadway Ave. SO2, PM10, LC25 39-035-0049 Cuyahoga E. 56 th 

### St. PB, PT 39-035-0051 Cuyahoga E. 9 th 

### & St. Clair CO 39-035-0053 Cuyahoga 4160 Pearl Rd. CO 39-035-0060 Cuyahoga E. 14 th 

### & Orange O3, NO2, SO2, PM10, LC25, PM25C, PMSP, CO 39-035-0061 Cuyahoga West 3 rd 

### St. PB, PT 39-035-0064 Cuyahoga Berea O3 39-035-0065 Cuyahoga 4600 Harvard Ave. SO2, PM10, LC25 39-035-0072 Cuyahoga 26565 Miles Rd. PB, PT 39-035-1002 Cuyahoga 16900 Holland Rd. PM10, LC25 39-035-5002 Cuyahoga 6116 Wilson Mills Rd. O3 39-041-0002 Delaware 359 Main St. O3 39-049-0005 Franklin Morse & Karl Rds CO

## 131 AQS County Site Location Parameter(s) Number 39-049-0024 Franklin Ohio State Fairgrounds PM10, LC25 39-049-0025 Franklin 580 Woodrow Ave. PB, LC25 39-049-0029 Franklin 7600 Fodor Rd., New Albany O3, PM25C, LC25 39-049-0034 Franklin Korbel Ave. PM25C 39-049-0037 Franklin 1777 E. Broad St. O3 39-049-0081 Franklin 5750 Maple Canyon Dr. O3, LC25, PMSP 39-051-0001 Fulton 200 Van Buren St. PB 39-055-0004 Geauga 13000 Auburn Rd. O3 39-057-0005 Greene 100 Dayton St. PM10, LC25, PM25C 39-057-0006 Greene 541 Ledbetter Rd. O3 39-061-0006 Hamilton 11590 Grooms Rd. O3, LC25, PM25C 39-061-0010 Hamilton 6950 Ripple Rd. O3, SO2, LC25, PM25C 39-061-0014 Hamilton 18 E. Seymour PM10, LC25 39-061-0021 Hamilton 100 E. Fifth Ave. CO 39-061-0040 Hamilton 250 Wm. Howard Taft Rd. O3, NO2, PM10, LC25, PM25C, PMSP, CO, SO2 39-061-0042 Hamilton 2101 W. Eighth St. LC25 39-061-5001 Hamilton 101 Cooper Ave. PM10 39-063-0002 Hancock 9860 CR 313 PM10 39-063-0003 Hancock 9860 CR 313 PM10 39-063-0004 Hancock CR 144 PM10 39-081-0001 Jefferson 1004 3 rd 

### St., Brilliant PM10 39-081-0017 Jefferson 618 Logan O3, SO2, PM10, LC25, PM25C 39-081-0018 Jefferson 3487 County Rd. 19 SO2 39-081-0020 Jefferson 1469 3 rd 

### St. SO2 39-081-1001 Jefferson Mingo Junction City Hall LC25, PMSP 39-083-0002 Knox Water Plant, SR 314 O3 39-085-0003 Lake Jefferson Elementary School O3, SO2 39-085-0006 Lake 8443 Mentor Ave. CO 39-085-0007 Lake 177 Main SO2, O3, LC25, PM25C 39-085-1001 Lake 325 Vine St. PM10 39-087-0011 Lawrence SR 775 & SR 141 O3 39-087-0012 Lawrence 450 Commerce Dr. O3, SO2, PM25C, PM10, LC25, PMSP 39-089-0005 Licking 300 Licking View Dr., Heath O3 39-091-0006 Logan 320 Richard Ave. PB 39-093-0018 Lorain 4706 Detroit Rd. O3

## 132 AQS County Site Location Parameter(s) Number 39-093-3002 Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze PM10, LC25, PM25C, PMSP 39-095-0024 Lucas 348 S. Erie St. O3, LC25, PM25C 39-095-0026 Lucas 4208 Airport Highway LC25, PMSP 39-095-0027 Lucas 200 S. Byrne Rd., Waterville O3 39-095-0028 Lucas 600 Collins Park LC25 39-095-0034 Lucas 306 Yondota O3 39-095-1003 Lucas Lee & Front PM10 39-097-0007 Madison 9940 SR 38 SW O3 39-099-0005 Mahoning Fire Station 7 PM10, LC25 39-099-0006 Mahoning Fire Station 5 PM10 39-099-0013 Mahoning 345 Oakhill Ave. O3, SO2 39-099-0014 Mahoning Oakhill LC25, PM25C, PMSP 39-101-0003 Marion Hawthorne Ave. PB 39-103-0004 Medina Ballash Rd. CO, SO2, NO2, O3, LC25, PM25C 39-105-0003 Meigs 117 Memorial Dr. SO2 39-105-1001 Meigs Mulberry Ave., Pomeroy SO2 39-109-0005 Miami 3825 N. SR 589 O3 39-113-0028 Montgomery 901 W. Fairview Ave. CO 39-113-0032 Montgomery 215 E. Third St. LC25, PM25C, PMSP 39-113-0034 Montgomery 117 South Main St. CO 39-113-0037 Montgomery 1401 Harshman Rd. O3 39-113-7001 Montgomery 2728 Viking Lane PM10 39-115-0004 Morgan SR 83 SO2 39-133-0002 Portage 531 Washington Ave. LC25 39-133-1001 Portage 1570 Ravenna Rd. O3 39-135-1001 Preble National Trails School O3, LC25, PM25C, CO, SO2, PMSP 39-145-0013 Scioto 4862 Gallia St., SO2, PM10, LC25 39-145-0019 Scioto 605 Washington St. PM10 39-145-0020 Scioto 2840 Back Rd. SO2, PM10 39-145-0021 Scioto 2446 Gallia Pike PM10 39-145-0022 Scioto 1740 Gallia Pike SO2, PM10 39-151-0016 Stark Malone College O3 39-151-0017 Stark 1330 Dueber Ave. LC25, PMSP, PB 39-151-0020 Stark 420 Market Ave. CO, LC25 39-151-0022 Stark 45 S. Wabash O3 39-151-4005 Stark 1175 W. Vine St., Alliance O3 39-153-0017 Summit 80 Brittain Rd. SO2, LC25, PM25C 39-153-0020 Summit 800 Patterson Ave. O3, CO 39-153-0022 Summit 177 S. Broadway CO, SO2 39-153-0023 Summit 660 W. Exchange St. LC25, PM25SP 39-155-0005 Trumbull 540 Laird Ave. SE Warren PM10, LC25, PM25C

## 133 AQS County Site Location Parameter(s) Number 39-155-0006 Trumbull 2323 Main Ave. PM10 39-155-0009 Trumbull Community Hall, Kinsman O3 39-155-0011 Trumbull Vienna O3 39-155-0012 Trumbull 2600 Elmore Dr. PB 39-157-0006 Tuscarawas 527 Crescent St. SO2 39-165-0007 Warren 416 Southeast St. O3, LC25, PM25C 39-167-0004 Washington 2000 Fourth St., Marietta O3 39-167-0008 Washington Washington Career Center PB 39-167-0010 Washington 115 Victory Place PB 39-173-0003 Wood 347 Dunbridge Rd. O3

## 134 Acronyms and Abbreviations AA Atomic Absorption AIRS-AQS Aerometric Information Retrieval System-Air Quality Subsystem (no longer used) AQCR Air Quality Control Region AQI Air Quality Index (replaced Pollutant Standard Index, PSI) AQS Air Quality System (replaced AIRS-AQS) ATMP Air Toxics Monitoring Program CBSA Core Based Statistical Area CFR Code of Federal Regulations CO Carbon Monoxide DAPC Division of Air Pollution Control DES Division of Environmental Services DO District Office EDT Exceptional Data Type FR Federal Register GC Gas Chromatograph or Gas Chromatography GC/MS Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry LAA Local Air Agency NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NADB National Aerometric Databank NAMS National Ambient Monitoring Stations NCore National Core Monitoring Network NO Nitric Oxide NO 2 

### Nitrogen Dioxide O 3 

### Ozone OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards OASN Ohio Air Sampling Network Org Type Organization Type Pb Lead POC Parameter Occurrence Code ppb parts per billion ppm parts per million PQAO Primary Quality Assurance Organization PM 10 

### also PM-10 ten micron particulate matter PM 2.5 

### also PM-2.5 2.5 micron particulate matter PSI Pollutant Standard Index (replaced by Air Quality Index, AQI) RADS Remote Ambient-Air Data System SLAMS State/Local Ambient Monitoring Stations SO 2 

### Sulfur Dioxide TO-14A Toxics analysis methods descriptions TSP Total Suspended Particulate VOC Volatile Organic Carbon μ g/m 3 

### also ug/m^3 micrograms per cubic meter mg/m 3 

### milligrams per cubic meter ng/m 3 

### nanograms per cubic meter # Obs Number of observations/samples

## 135 Reporting Organizations Reporting Organization Code Agency Description 0012 Akron Regional Air Pollution Control Agency 0151 Canton City Health Department Air Pollution Control 0220 City of Toledo, Environmental Services Division 0229 Cleveland Air Pollution Control Agency 0287 Dayton Regional Air Pollution Control Agency 0595 Lake County Health Department Division Air Pollution 0634 Mahoning-Trumbull Air Pollution Control Agency 0743 National Lime and Stone Company 0805 Ohio EPA, Central District Office 0807 Ohio EPA, Northeast District Office 0808 Ohio EPA, Northwest District Office 0809 Ohio EPA, Southeast District Office 0810 Ohio EPA, Southwest District Office 0880 Portsmouth City Health Department Division of Air Pollution Control 1108 US EPA/OAQPS 1217 Research Triangle Institute RTP, NC 1259 Hamilton Co. Department of Environmental Services 1299 URS Corp, TX 1335 Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 1344 US EPA-Clean Air Markets Division 1373 Shell Engineering & Assoc., MO