NBSIR 74-432

1972 International Activities Center

for Building Technology

Charles C. Raley

Coordinator of International Affairs

Center for Building Technology

Institute for Applied Technology

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, D. C. 20234

August 1973

Final

S. DEPARTMEIMT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

NBSIR 74-432

1972 INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES CENTER

FOR BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Charles C. Raley

Coordinator of International Affairs

Center for Building Technology

Institute for Applied Technology

National Bureau of Standards

Washington. D. C. 20234

August 1973

Final

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE. Frederick B. Dent. Secretarv NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Richard W. Roberts. Director

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introducti on 1

Formal Cooperative Programs 2

US/France Cooperative Program 2 Background 2

1972 Summary 5

US7UK Complementary Program 10

Background 10

1972 Sunnary 11

US/Japan Panel Program 17

Background 17

1972 Summary 19

Proposed US/Switzerland Cooperative Program 20

Background 20

1972 Sunmary 21

Exchange Programs 23

Special Projects 25

Special Foreign Currency Program 25

Background 25

1972' Summary 27

The United States Agency for International

Development (USAID) Program 32

1972 Sunmary 32

Managua Earthquake Project 34

1972 Summary 34

International Organization Memberships 36

RILEM Activities 36

Background 36

1972' Summary 38

CIB Activities 40

Background 40

1972 Summary 41
USNCCIB Activities 44

Background 44

1972 Summary 46

ISO Activities 48

Background 48

1972 Summary 49

Center for Building Technology Guests 51

Foreign Guest Workers 51

Background 51

1972 Sunmary - . . . 52

Foreign Visitors Summary 53

Center for Building Technology Foreign Travel 59

Center for Building Technology Organization Chart ...... 64
inTRODUCTION

The Center for Buildinq Technolonv (CRT) sunports the viev/

of the national Bureau of Standards (TIBS) that domestic

scientific research should be coordinated v/ith the expertise

of the world community in order to reach desired objectives.

The problem of nrovidinn nan v/ith shelter is one faced

throuqhout the v/orld. Althouoh each country has difficulties

peculiar to itself, there exist larqe areas of common

interest. These areas should be discovered, discussed and

divided anonn interested nations in such a v/av that solutions

can be found efficiently and v/ithout duplication of effort.

Individual professional ties amonn staff members of international

buildinq orqani zati ons form the base of such cooperative

efforts. On a second level, various institutions aqree to

exchanqe published research information on a reqular basis.

Eventually it mav be desirable to establish formal cooperative

or complementary pronrams in which roles of the participants

are clearlv defined. At this point division of labor becomes

feasible. These three approaches to international cooperation

are all vitally imnortant to the Center for Buildinq Technolonv

and are arranqements it would eaqerlv discuss with other

nations.

This is the first issue of an annual publication intended to

provide CBT management and foreiqn research orqani zati ons with

a summary of CBT international activities.

1
FORMAL COOPERATIVE PROGRAMS

US/FRANCE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment (CSTB)

4 Avenue du Recteur Poincare

75782 Paris CEDEX 16

FRANCE

Background :

President NIXON of the United States and former President

DE GAULLE of France met in Paris during the spring of 1969

to discuss the relationship between their countries. During

the course of these talks they expressed the desire to renew

scientific and technical cooperation between the countries.

As a result of these talks, American Ambassador to France,

Mr. Sargent SHRIVER, sent Dr. Edgar L. PIRET (Chief, Scientific

Affairs of the US Embassy in Paris) to the United States to

explore possibilities of cooperation. The National Bureau

of Standards was one of several agencies visited by Dr. PIRET

in early April. Dr. PIRET spoke with Dr. James R. WRIGHT,

Director, Center for Building Technology (CBT), formerly the

Building Research Division. During their conversation it was

discovered that both men knew Mr. Gerard BLACHERE, the Director

of the Scientific and Technical Building Center (CSTB) in

Paris. It became apparent that a cooperative program between

CSTB and CBT could be quite beneficial since the scope of

the two laboratories was very similar. Dr. WRIGHT subsequently

submitted to Dr. PIRET a list of possible areas of interest

to CBT.

On May 19, 1969, a meeting was held in Paris with Dr. PIRET,

Mr. BLACHERE and Dr. WRIGHT in attendance. Project topics and

funding methods were discussed. Then on June 5, a second

meeting took place in Washington between Mr. BLACHERE and

Dr. WRIGHT, with Mr. Maurice LEVY, Chief of ;the French

Scientific Mission, Washington, in attendance, to outline

details for the exchange of two exploratory teams to each

other's facilities. The goal of the teams would be to identify

potential projects for cooperation, especially those which

might provide cost and time savings, to discuss the exchange

of guest workers, and to investigate other institutions in

the two countries that would be of benefit to the program.

2
In a joint statement issued on flovenber ?5, 1969, bv

. Francois X. ORTOLI, f^inister of Industrial Develonment

and Scientific Research, and Dr. Lee DU Bf^IDGE, Uhite Mouse

Science Advisor, cooneration betv/een France and the United States

in several scientific fields, includinn buildinn technolon>/,

v/as formally initiated.

During the period November 16 through November 29, 1969, the

first US Team, headed by fir. Harry E. THOMPSON, Denuty Director/

Ooerations, CBT, visited France to make an in-denth i n ves ti na t i on of the basic tooics of the coooerative pronran. These included:

economic appraisal in buildings, assessing the guality of

buildings, Anrement System and full-scale testing, advancement

of aoplied buildinn science, industrialized buildings, soils

and foundations, and plumbing systems and research. (NBS

Reoort 10-237 provides a detailed account of this visit.)

The reciprocal French Team, under the nuidance of fir. BLACHERE,

visited CBT from January 19 until January 30, ]^70, Subjects

discussed included: mobile homes, urban acoustics, climatolonv,

fire research, economics of single familv housinn, plastics

in buildings, liahtv/einht construction, and performance concept.

At the conclusion of the January visit, a joint recommendation

was made by CSTB and CBT to implement the following cooperative

projects:

1. Environmental Engineering

2. Durability of Materials

3. Wind Loads on Structures

4. Fire Research

5. Building Acoustics

6. Evaluation of llevi Building Systems, Components and

Materials

7 . P 1 umb i nq

8. Building Economics.

In addition, it was concurred that regular teams should be

exchanged on a year^y or bi-yearly basis, that short- and

long-term professional interchanges should be arranned, and

that a niven volume of French scientific material be translated

to English on a regular basis.

3
Formal letters of agreement v/ere exchanqed betv/een ?^r. BLACHERE

and Dr. Lev/is M. BRANSCOMB, then Director of MBS, in June and

July 19 70.

The second regular US Team visit to France took place betv/een

November 9 and November 20, 1970, directed by Mr. W. R. MERRON,

former International Coordinator for CBT. In addition to the

CBT participants, two Department of Housing and Urban Development

officials joined various seqments of the visit. Topics

discussed included: wind effects on structures, computing

heating and cooling loads, determination of convection

coefficients, noise transmission through structures, sonic

boom, urban noise, aging of materials, soils and foundations,

plumbing, structural modelino, evaluation of new buildino

systems, components and materials, and buildino economics.

(Detailed information on the results of this visit is available

in NBS Report 10-477.)

In turn, the second regular French Team visited the United

States from October 4 throunh October 15, 1971, headed by

Mr. E. FARHI, Chief of the Surfaces Division, CSTB. A staff

member of the Experimental Center of Research and Studies for

Building and Public Works (CEBTP) joined the nroup. The

subjects of the visit included: roofing materials, buildinq

sealants, plastics, rehabilitation of old buildings, Operation

BREAKTHROUGH, heating, and concretes and cements.

During the first two years of the Cooperative Program approxinatel

nine additional individual visits were exchanged by the

professional staffs of both CSTB and CBT.
1972 Sunmary:

nr. BLACHERE and Dr. WRIGHT met in January, flay and October of

1972 to discuss the proaress of the cooperative effort.

Environmental Ennineerinq:

Important exchanqes v/ere nenerated in the field of thermal

enqineerinn. Subjects covered included:

1. Comparison of comniitati ons made by CBT (dinital)

and CSTB (analoq) in research vork , and the mutual

use of experimental data to sunnort these comnutations.

An important facet of this exchanne is the evaluation

of natural air conditioninq usinq buildinq thermal mass.

2. CI i matol oni cal data. Discussions are takinn nlace

concern inn the measure o-f lonn v^ave radiation and

diffuse radiation from the skv. In the first case,

an apparatus is beinn develoned bv CSTB and v/ill be

furnished to CBT unon comnletion.

3. Convection inside rooms. In addition to available

information beinn exchanned, CSTB nlans to build an experimental room for further tests.

4. Ventilation. CBT is exnlorinn the ventilation

techniques employed by the French Government in low

costhousinq.

5. Overall design of a prototype apartment buildim

heated by electricity. CSTB is desiqninq and

constructing an exneri mental build inn us inn the

latest technolony. The main thrust of tfie project

is to significantly increase thermal comfort vhile

only slinhtly increasing enemy costs over nonelectric alternatives. CCT is interested in studies

of investment and consumntion costs, and in exanininn

the design in renard to US requirements.

6. Heat Dumos. CBT has sunnlied information on the use

of heat pumps to CSTD v/hich in turn is exanininn their

applicability in France.

7. Solar factor standards. The solar factors of heat

absorbing glass are beinn discussed.

5
8. Air cleaning problems. In conjunction with the

development of mechanical air supply in French buildings,

CBT has provided CSTB with literature concerning air

cleaning prob 1 ems

.

9. Hospital environment. CSTB is studying this subject for

the French Health Ministry. The possibility of

sending a CSTB engineer to the US for a one year training

program at appropriate institutions, with the help of

CBT, is being discussed.

10. Thermal performance of a whole building. CBT is

studying the performance of family housing while

CSTB is concentrating on the all-electric prototype

building. The results of comparing predicted to

actual performance are being exchanged.

11. Instrumentation of test projects.

12. Physiology. Both CSTB and CBT are interested in

the work of Professor Bernard METZ, Director of the

Bioclimatic Studies Center in Strasbourg, France.

CSTB will assist CBT in their contacts with

Professor METZ. Eventually, CSTB and CBT would like

to develop a habitability criteria for various comfort

conditions, and then ask other laboratories to

participate in the program.

13. Air leakage of ducts.

14. Energy conservation. Official documents on this subject

have been exchanged by both CSTB and CBT. A heat

recovery system developed by CSTB is also being

examined.

15. Evaporative air cooling. A simple and inexpensive

air cooling system has been conceived by CSTB and is

being studied by CBT for application in the US.

15. Room air distribution.

17. Electrical distribution problems. CSTB is putting CBT

in touch with the appropriate organization in this area,

Electricite de France.

6
18. Smoke and ventilation.

19. rioisture.

20. Solar enerqy. CBT has been put in contact v/ith the

national Aaency for Valuation of Research (ATIVAR)

by CSTB. A'lVAR, which is studvinn solar heatinn,

has already nrovided CDT v/i th sone of its publications.

21. Tinhtness of double nlazed v/indovfs.

22. Mechanical vibration and nlunbinn noise.

Dr. T. KUSUDA of the Thermal Ennineerinq Systems Section, CDT,

spent July 1 -9 , 1 972 , at CSTB reviev/inn existinq proqrans and

exploring new areas of mutual interest. The Chief of the

Section, Mr. Frank POWELL, made a follow-uo visit to CSTB on

September 27-30, and the following plans were outlined for

1973 and 1974:

1. Dr. J. HILL of CBT planned to visit France for two

weeks durinq July 1973, under the nuidance of CSTB

to see various organizations involved in thermal

enqi neeri nq

.

2. nr. REGEF of CSTB will spend two weeks in October 1973,

visitinq CBT and examininq the subjects of heat pumps,

air motion, and heat recovery.

3. Messrs. RUBIMSTEIfl and BOREL from CSTB will visit CBT

in the sprinq of 1974, on the subjects of air cleaninn,

and the French prototype anartment buildinq respectively.

4. CBT will participate with CSTB in the orqanization of

the Second Synnosium on Thermal Engineering Calculations

by Computers to be held in June of 1974, in Paris.

Durability of Materials:

Plans were finalized during the French visit of

Mr. William C. CULLEN, Assistant Chief of the Structures,

Materials and Life Safety Division, CBT, October 12-17, 1972,

for a one vear stay at the CSTB laboratory outside Paris, by

Dr. Walter ROSSITER, a research chemist in the Materials and

Composites Section, CBT. Dr. ROSSITER's research will be in

the area of durability of buildinq materials and will be carried

out under the direction of fir. E. FARIII , Chief of the Surfaces

Division at CSTB. Dr. ROSSITER, after attending French

lanquane school at the State Department's Foreiqn Lanquaqe

Institute, was scheduled to report for duty at CSTB about the

first of March, 1973. The use of foamed plastic insulation In

roofinn will be the main topic studied by Dr. ROSSITER.

7
Wind Loads on Structures:

Correspondence between CSTB and CBT on the subject o-p v/ind loads

was initiated in flarch of 1 972. Durinq the year CSTB sent a description of the proDOsed wind tunnel facility at Nantes.

In exchanne, detailed information of the wind tests on the

CBT buildinn at NBS was sent to CSTB. Dr. Richard nARSHALL

of the Structures Section, CBT has been invited to Mantes to

see the wind tunnel once it has become operational in

mid- 1973.

Fi re Res ear ch

:

For two weeks durinq the period flay 72 to June 9, ] 972 ^ Mr. Dan GROSS of the Buildinq Fires and Safety Section, CBT,

made an i n ves ti qa t i ve visit to the Fire and Radiation Service

of CSTB. Of special interest were the full-scale test smoke

tower, smoke corridor and burn room. The facilities allow

simulation of hiqh-rise fires. ^1r. GROSS observed and took

part in smoke removal techniques and thereby qained a better

understand inn of French smoke control requlations for hiqh-rise

buildinqs. CSTB then arranqed for a visit to the Fire Test

Station at Metz, France.

Buildinq Acoustics:

CBT was havinq develoned and built in 1972, a hybrid analondiqital system apparatus desiqned for data storaqe and the

determination of the slope and maximum amplitude of noise.

Because of delay, it is expected that the apparatus will be

finished in September, 1973, and then delivered to CSTB for

their use.

Evaluation of 'lew Buildinq Systems, Comoonents and flaterials:

CSTC is continuinq its analysis of the CBT quide criteria for

certain BREAKTHROUGH housinq systems anainst Aqrement standards

used in France. By the end of 1972, three preliminary reports

had been submitted by CSTB. Messrs. BERTHIER and MATllEZ o^'

CSTB made a special trip to three of the BREAKTHROUGH sites and

two housinq factories between September 10-18, 1972. The

results of the trip were used by CSTB in completing their

review.

Special Team Visits:

An examination of the application of modern planning., design,

and construction techniques to health-care facilities served

as the theme for a snecial US team visit to France headed by

Mr. Samuel KRAMER, Chief of the Office of Federal Building

8
Technology, CBT. Other members of the team came from the

Department of Health, Education and Welfare, the Veterans

Administration, and the Department of Defense. Between

April 17-28, 1972, the US team visited medical facilities in

Paris, Dijon, Lyon, and surrounding areas. The team members

were afforded the opportunity to interact with representatives

of the Ministry of Health, the Central Building Society of the

Savings Bank Union (SCIC), and CSTB, the host. Cancer research

facilities, retirement homes, teachinq hospitals, and educational

institutions for the handicapped were also visited. A

reciprocal French visit, scheduled for June, 1973, would

provide the opportunity for members of the French Government

to visit major medical facilities in the US.

Another program was arranged by CBT, on the subject of mobile

homes, at the request of CSTB. Three members of the French

firm "Dumont et Besson" visited mobile home manufacturing

plants near Southbend during June of 1972, escorted by

Mr. Henry OMSON of the Mobile Home Manufacturing Association.

Translation:

Publication exchange is also an important aspect of the

cooperative program. To date, CBT has translated and published

the following French scientific articles:

- "Account of the Principles of Modular Coordination:

Industrialization in Building" (NBS 710-1).

- "An Investigation of the Protection of Dwellings from

External Noise Through Facade Walls" (NBS 710-2).

- "New Regulation on Ventilation of Dwellings, Fixed

Heating Facilities, and Flues" (NBS 710-3).

- "Thermal Comfort Requirement Adjacent to Cold WallsApplication to Glazed Openings" (NBS 710-4).

- "Use of an Air-to-Air Heat Exchanger to Recover Heat

from Air Exhausted by Mechanical Ventilation"

(NBS 710-5).

An additional four articles are in the process of being

translated and published. They should be completed by fall

of 1973. The remaining topics include "Ventilation Air

Inlets for Dwellings," "Weak Thermal Points or Thermal

Bridges," "Rules for Calculating Utilitarian Thermal

Characteristics of Structural Panels and Seepage in Building

Foundations" (Volumes 2 and 3), and "The Protection of

Glazed Windows from Solar Radiation."

9
US/UK COMPLEMENTARY PROGRAM

Building Research Establishment (BRE)

Garston, Watford, WD2 7JR

UNITED KINGDOM

Background :

On July 21, 1971, a memorandum of understanding v/as signed

by Mr. Peter E. IMLKER, Secretary of State, UK Department of

the Environment and Mr. George ROMNEY, Secretary of the

US Department of Housing and Urban Development. It outlines

a program for cooperation in matters concerning the urban

environment including housing and building technology.

The goal of this program is to achieve the maximum exchange

of documents and visits, and can be extended to such other

activities as expert consultations, long term exchanges of

professionals, and joint research projects. In carrying

out this understanding, the two national coordinators may

invite participation from other agencies, organizations or

private groups within their respective countries.

The Building Research Establishment (BRE) and the Center for

Building Technology (CBT), have long been acquainted with

each other's work and have had a great deal of interaction.

During the March 1971, visit of Dr. F. Karl WILLENBROCK,

Director of the Institute for Applied Technology (of which

CBT is a part) with Mr. James B. DICK, Director of BRE, the

subject of a joint BRE/CBT program was discussed. With the

signing of the memorandum of understanding, impetus was given

0 establishing a formal cooperative program between the two

groups. As a result, CBT developed a number of research

proposals which later were reduced to three specific projects

by Mr. DICK and Dr. James R. WRIGHT, Director of CBT.

10
1972 Summary :

During the first week of March 1972, Mr. Irwin A. BENJAMIN,

Chief of the Building Fires and Safety Section, CBT, visited

the Fire Research Station, BRE, in order to discuss a cooperative orogram on fire detectors.

The following May, three BRE staff members visited CBT. The

first visit. May 1-2 and 8-10, 1972, was made by Mr. A. F. E. WISE,

Head cf the Environmental Design and Engineering Division, BRE;

the second on May 10, was Mr. J. G. SUNLeY, Head of the Structures

and Building Division, BRE; and the third, May 22-26, 1972,

was Dr. S. C. C. BATE, Head of the Structural Engineering

Division, BRE. Each examined appropriate areas of CBT with

the formulation of cooperative projects in mind. At the

conclusion of the meetings, three proposals were drawn up

for possible implementation. These were: Wind Loads on Buildings, Design of Water Suoply and Drainage Installations

in Building, and Fire Detectors in Buildings.

Dr. Richard N. WRIGHT, Deputy Director/Technical, CBT, visited

BRE briefly during the first week of July to review various

aspects of the pending cooperation. Then, on July 6, 1972,

Mr. Harry E. THOMPSON, Deputy Director/Operations, CBT, met

with Mr. DICK in England to discuss formal implementation of

the three projects under the title of the "Joint Complementary

Research Program." This resulted in the preparation of three

documents of agreement; the first two on wind and hydraulics

were signed by BRE on July 27 and countersigned by CBT on August 3, 1972. The third on fire detection was signed on September 1 and countersigned likewise on Seotember 13, 1972.

Between October 22 and 25, 1972, Mr. William C. CULLEN,

Assistant Chief of the Structures, Materials and Life Safetv

Division, CBT, visited BRE in conjunction with the wind

loading and fire detection orograms which are being carried

out i n h i s area

.

Wind Loads on Buildings:

The Building Research Establishment is currently conducting

a series of studies at Aylesbury, England. Test structures

include several two-story townhouses and a specially constructed

n
building v/hose roof pitch and story heiqht can be altered. It

is anticipated that new construction will extend in the

direction of the prevailing winds, thus providing an opportunity

to observe the effects of a changing environment on wind

loading. The Center for Building Technology is carrying out

studies on two structures; one of the general -purpose

laboratory buildings on the Gaithersburg campus, and a duplex

housing unit at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana. Both

of these buildings have a clear exposure to prevailing

winds. Studies on a single-family dwelling, also located

at MAFB with several buildings located directly upwind, were

completed in 1972.

Discussions between the liaison officers directly responsible

for conducting the joint project. Dr. R. D. MARSHALL for CBT

and Dr. K. J. EATON for BRE, have identified a number of

items that will increase the value of the studies in progress

and that will avoid unnecessary duplication of effort in

future studies. A two-week visit (November 1-14, 1972) to

CBT and the MAFB field site by Dr. EATON allowed a first-hand

appraisal of the wind research program and associated programs

within CBT.

Exchanges of experimental data this past year included mean

pressure coefficients, fluctuating pressure coefficients, peak

factors, auto- and cross -correl ati on functions, power spectra,

probability density functions and coherence functions. In

addition, a uniform method of defining and presenting the

data was agreed upon. Full-scale data collected by CBT and

BRE will be extremely valuable in preparing future revisions

of standards covering the design of structures subjected to

wind forces.

Because experimental techniques developed independently at

BRE and CBT over the years, interesting differences, and, by

the same token, insights exist. Therefore, the exchange

of information on the methodology for measuring wind pressure

and speed has also been fruitful.

One of the primary reasons for collecting wind pressure data

on full-scale structures is to provide a basis for evaluating

the accuracy of wind tunnel tests. Proper simulation of

atmospheric flows in wind tunnels allows for a systematic

12
study of pressure distributions on buildinqs and is, with fevi

exceptions, the only method available for establishing design

pressure coefficients. Therefore, both establishments are

actively engaged in wind tunnel modeling. CBT has in the

past contracted with Colorado State University while wind

tunnel studies associated with BRE programs have been conducted

in their own facility and at Bristol University. As wind

tunnel test results have only recently become available, no

comparisons between facilities have been made.

Based on exchanges initiated in the first year of the program

and studies currently being carried out by the two establishments,

the following items have been identified for future collaboration.

1. Exchanges of data obtained from both full-scale

and wind tunnel model studies will continue.

2. Dr. MARSHALL will visit BRE in September, 1973, to

discuss details of data analysis programs, current

full-scale studies, wind tunnel modeling and

instrumentation problems. Of particular interest

will be results of BRE research into environmental

wind problems created by the construction of tall

buildings.

3. Work will be initiated on the instrumentation of tall

buildings to measure their response to wind. The

electro-optical deflection measuring device recently

developed at CBT will be made available for this

study. BRE is currently exploring the possibility of

making these measurements on the Post Office Tower in

London. Dr. Robert A. CRIST, Assistant Chief of the

Office of Federal Building Technology, CBT, planned to

visit BRE June 4-5, 1973, to discuss the Post Office

project

.

4. Details of the portable data acquisition system

currently being developed for use in the Philippines

and along the US Gulf Coast will be made available

to BRE. Mobile wind measuring equipment in use

at Aylesbury will serve as a model for the build-up

of a similar system at CBT.

Design of Water Supply and Drainage Installations in Buildings:

Until recently it has not been possible to predict accurately

the performance of unusual or innovative gravity drainage

systems. The major issues in drai n-was te- vent system design

are sizing, spacing, and configuration of drainage and vent

piping to handle expected loads without inducing pressure

13
fluctuations in the system that would upset the water seals in

the fixture traps. In a series of studies over the last two

decades, researchers at the Buildinn Research Establishment have

developed a simple procedure and computer program that are

recommended for this purpose. The central thrust of the initial

project on hydraulic design of drainage systems, therefore,

is to test and compare results on alternative approaches to

predicting the performance of drai n-was te- ven t systems.

BRE has made its methodology and computer programs available

to CBT and currently these are under review. CBT and BRE have

agreed to a full-scale test on typical townhouse and ten-story

plumbing system designs. The townhouse was erected in the

CBT Plumbing Research Laboratory and the ten-story system was

constructed at Stevens Institute's Building Technology Research

Laboratory in a HUD-funded program. Researchers at BRE are

interested in obtaining further field data on comparison with

predictions obtained using their program. CBT researchers are

interested in the potential for apolication of this approach

to US plumbing system designs which differ significantly from

those used in the UK.

Initial tests have been completed on selected US water closet

designs. BRE has selected five European designs for CBT

testing which are being shipped to the US.

Between September 18-21, 1972, Dr. Jack E. SNELL, Assistant

Chief of the Building Environment Division, CBT, visited the

plumbing laboratory at BRE.

Major activities by both parties to this project involve a natural continuation of efforts undertaken thus far.

1. At CBT these include completion of analysis of BRE

computer programs, further testing and reporting

of fixture calibration methods, and testing of

stack-branch fittings in a representative assembly.

2. CBT looks forward to participation with BRE in

further full-scale testing on systems yet to be

constructed. It is anticipated that a researcher from

BRE will come to CBT for these tests and to observe

results of the stack-branch assembly tests. This ^ interchange is important because there are significant

issues of instrumentation and experimental method to

be resolved and agreed uoon.

14
3. CBT v/ill be field testing a prototype system for

collection of plumbing system event and load data

in the field. This system design draws heavily from

BRE's previous experience in this area. It is

expected that BRE v/ill review the performance of

this system. The data collected in this study will

be used to test and validate analytical models of

plumbing system loads being developed independently

in the US and UK.

4. Dr. SNELL will make a second trip to BRE in

September 1973, to meet with Mr. C. J. D. WEBSTER,

the corresponding liaison officer for the project.

Fire Detection in Buildings:

The Center for Building Technology and the Building Research

Establishment have similar programs leading toward development

of acceptance standards for smoke detectors. The emphasis at

CBT is on criteria for the self-contained, residential smoke

detector, while the emphasis at BRE is on criteria for smoke

detectors in commercial use. The smoke detector program at

CBT is of recent origin, while the detector program at the BRE

has been in existence for a much longer period of time. As

a conseguence, the interchange between the two programs during

this early phase has been limited to an exchange of information

in the form of reports and correspondence relative to the

results of experimental work.

Areas of mutual concern include such items as long-term

reliability of the detectors, avoidance of false or needless

alarms, resistance of the detectors to environmental changes

such as pressure, temperature and relative humidity,

resistance to corrosion, and vibration, and other deleterious

effects. Exchange of experimental data in these areas can

be expected to increase as additional laboratory work is

conducted by both CBT and BRE.

One problem besetting smoke detectors is that certain environmental

ambient conditions tend to produce false alarms. Given some

knowledge of what ambient conditions can be expected in tvpical

environments, it should be possible to develop criteria for

an acceptable lower response limit for detectors to these

ambient conditions. BRE is developing an ambient-conditions

monitoring system which will assist in determining these

lower limits. CBT has been in contact with BRE with a view

toward purchasing one or more of these systems for use in the

US. BRE has agreed to reduce the data generated by CBT on the

subject and process it through BRE's computer analysis program.

15
Based on exchanges initiated in the early part of this

complementary program and research work being carried out by

the two organizations, the following items have been identified

for future collaboration:

1. Exchange visits by BRE and CBT personnel will take

place including a meeting between Mr. BENJAMIN and

Mr. Peter E. BURRY, BRE, the two liaison officers

for the project, in February 1973.

2. Exchanges of information will be made on development

of full-scale and laboratory-scale testing procedures

for smoke detectors.

3. Exchanges of data on reliability of presentlyavailable smoke detectors will be made,

4. CBT will purchase a BRE ambient-condition monitoring

system with data reduction and processing by BRE after

US data has been obtained.

' 5. Details of CBT studies on smoke movement in typical

residences will be made available to BRE as the work

proceeds. It is anticipated that the results of the

smoke movement studies will have some applicability

to commercial and industrial occupancies and will,

therefore, be of interest to BRE.

16
US/JAPAN PANEL PROGRAM

US/Japan Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects

Public Works Research Institute

Ministry of Construction

2-28-32 Honkomagome , Bunkyo-ku

Tokyo

JAPAN

Background :

The United States/Japan Cooperative Program In Natural

Resources (UJNR) was established in 1964 when the US/Japan

Cabinet-level Committee on Trade and Economic Affairs agreed

that exchanges of information, specialists, technical data,

and research equipment in the field of natural resources would

be highly beneficial to both countries. The objective of

the program is to learn as much as possible from each other

so that future generations will have a better environment.

The program includes a wide variety of subjects including a special Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects.

The Japanese and US Governments have primary responsibility for

program planning, organization, and control; however, nongovernmental organizations and individuals often participate

in program activities by invitation as consultants or

advisors at various symposia. Results of the cooperative

work are disseminated widely through professional journals,

press releases, speeches, and other media.

The present system of direct communications between counterparts is very useful. In addition to exchanging information

and conducting study missions, panels are encouraged to use

various other ways for accomplishing exchanges and cooperation,

such as joint or complementary research exchanges of personnel

for extended periods, exchanges of equipment and experimental

materials, and use of joint conferences and symposia. All

of these benefit domestic programs of both countries.

The US Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects consists of twelve

members, three consultants, and three alternates. US agencies

represented are the National Bureau of Standards (Center for

Building Technology), National Ocean Survey, Bureau of

Reclamation, National Science Foundation, US Geolooical Survey,

Veterans Administration, Federal Highway Administration,

17
Environmental Data Service, Department of Housing and Urban

Development, Office of the Chief of Engineers, and the US

Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory. In addition, the State

of California is represented on the Panel by a consultant.

The Japan Panel consists of sixteen members representing the

Public IJorks Research Institute, Buildinn Research Institute,

Meteorological Research Institute, Port and Harbor Research

Institute, and the National Research Center for Disaster

Prevention. The Chairman of the US Panel is Dr. Edward 0. PFRANG,

Chief of the Structures, Materials and Life Safety Division,

CBT, and that of the Japan Panel is Mr. Mitsuru NAGAO,

Director of the Public Works Research Institute.

In addition to informal exchanges of information, a number

of documents have been exchanged directly by counterpart

members. These have included recommendations for the repair

of structures damaged in the Santa Rosa, California, Earthquake,

foundation design criteria for the Fort St. Vrain Nuclear

Power Plant and strong motion acceleration records.

An excellent example of the continuing exchanges between the

US and Japan concerns the recent earthquake in California's

San Fernando Valley. A Japanese team of experts, accompanied

by US Panel members, spent several days in the area investigating structural damage. Findings by both sides were the

subject of a one-day seminar sponsored by the Science Council

of Japan and held in conjunction with the Third Joint Meeting

in Tokyo. Lessons learned from the Lubbock Tornado and

Harricane Celia were also discussed.

18
1972 Summary :

The Fourth US/Japan Panel Meeting was held in the United

States from May 13, to May 25, 1972. The meeting included a three day technical session (May 17-19) at the National Bureau

of Standards, and field trips to research laboratories and

construction sites.

Themes discussed at the Fourth Joint Meeting included the

f ol 1 owi ng

1. Estimation of Extreme Winds for Structural Design.

2. Response of Full-Scale Structures to Wind Action.

3. Strong Ground Motions Due to Local Earthquakes.

4. Dynamic Behavior of Structures and Subsoil During

Earthquakes .

5. Rehabilitation of Structures Damaged by Earthquakes.

6. Related Topics on Technological Information in

Developing Countries (Peruvian Earthquake of 1970

and Typhoon Yoling in the Greater Manila Area in

1970).

The mitigation and prevention of damage due to natural disasters

was identified as a topic of great importance at this meeting

and will be discussed in some detail at the Fifth Joint Meeting

which is to be held in Tokyo in the spring of 1973. It was

also agreed that methods of assessing the vulnerability to

damage of existing buildings and structures by severe storms

and earthquakes will be a topic for future exchanges. Both

panels felt that the design and site planning of structures and

communities which normally receive only cursory engineering

analyses for wind and seismic effects is a pressing problem,

and that significant economic and social benefits could come

from its solution.

19
PROPOSED US/SWITZERLAND COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Forschungskomi ssi on Wohnungsbau (FKW)

Ef f i ngers trasse 20

3003 Bern

SWITZERLAND

Background :

On May 20, 1970, Dr. Charles TAVEL, former Scientific

Counselor, and Dr. Georges-A. GRIN, present Scientific

Counselor, Embassy of Switzerland, visited the Center for

Building Technology (CBT). Three weeks later on June 12,

1970, Dr. James R. WRIGHT, Director of CBT, attended a special meeting with Drs. TAVEL and GRIN on the subject

of a collaborative program in building technology. It was

decided that a potentially successful basis for such a program existed and therefore that Dr. WRIGHT should visit

Switzerland that September.

Contact in Switzerland was made, on September 9 and 10, 1970,

with the officials of seven major building oriented institutions. The results of the visit indicated that the Swiss are

highly interested in US research programs based on hard

science and engineering. In turn, the Swiss have very

effective programs underway in the soft sciences area, such

as human needs, space utilization, and building economics,

which would be of great interest to American building

technology. Second, it was felt that any cooperative program

should be based on an informal understanding between the

participating institutions, rather than a formal agreement

between the two governments. Finally, it was found that

Professor Jean W. HUBER, Director of Federal Construction

and President of the Federal Research Commission for

Construction (FKW) should be the Swiss focal point for such

a program.

As a result of a meeting on November 11, 1971, between

Dr. GRIN and Mr. Nelson F. SIEVERING, State Department

Science Office, a memorandum for the record was developed

by the Swiss Embassy on December 8, 1971 recommending the

initiation of the project in line with the points mentioned

above

.

20
1972 Summary:

The following July, Professor HUBER met Mr. Harry E. THOMPSON,

Deputy Director/Operations, CBT, at the CIB meeting in

Hannover, Germany. The subject v/as brought up of sending a CBT staff member to Switzerland for two weeks in order to

become acguainted with local building technology. In his

letter of September 22, 1972, Dr. WRIOHT informed Professor

HUBER that Mr. Heinz R. TRECHSEL, a CBT Research Architect,

had been chosen for the trip.

Accordingly, Mr. TRECHSEL visited Switzerland from November 17

through December 4, 1972, to meet with various organizations

and individuals to assemble information and data on buildina

and housing research activities. The program for the visit

was developed by Professor HUBER, and included 22 organizations

and individuals active in research, planning, education, design,

production, testing, and in the building regulatory field.

Although the primary objective of the visit was to survey the

present building research activities and organizations,

Mr. TRECHSEL found that these could be viewed in the proper

context by a brief review of building and housing construction

in general

.

The organizations visited and persons interviewed were all

principally active or interested in the software aspects

of housing design, planning, and construction. Since CBT

has interests also in the hardware aspects and in building

research other than housing, the information gained during

the visits was supplemented by studying the literature

collected. Within the limitations of a two week visit, a good understanding was gained of the country's building

research activity.

Switzerland is very active in building research. This

activity appears to be considered a vital and integral part

of the total effort to improve the housing situation. The

activity also appears well coordinated and directed by FKW.

21
The single research projects are conducted by private,

educational, and non-profit organizations under federal

contract to FKW. The projects concern mainly the software

aspects of socio-economic housing research areas. Substantial research is reported in the civil engineering areas,

but such research is not considered oart of housing research.

While both housing related software, and engineering hardware

research is well developed, it appears that the one aspect

that is underdeveloped in Swiss building research is the

interdisciplinary link between the two areas.

Vlith regard to a possible cooperative program between CBT

and appropriate Swiss institutions, it appears that both

countries would profit from work in the areas of both socioeconomic software and engineering hardware. Mr. TRECHSEL

was also assured by his Swiss hosts of their great interest

in establishing an active cooperative program between the

building research organizations of Switzerland and the US.

In order to gain a similar familiarity with building technology in America, Professor HUBER is planning an exploratory

visit in 1973.

(A highly detailed report, titled Swiss Building and Housing

Research Activities , March 1 , 1973 , di s cussi ng bui 1 di ng , research, regulatory and educational activities, building

research organizations, and building research projects, has

been assembled by Mr. TRECHSEL).

22
EXCHANGE PROGRAMS

In addition to the cooperative proqrams outlined above, the

Center for Building Technolony (CBT) maintains very close

ties v/ith the follov/inq parallel ornani za ti ons throunh

exchange of information and, v/hen appropriate, exchange of

professional visits.

Division of Building Research

CSIRO

P. n. Box 56

Hiqhett, Victoria 3190

AUSTRALIA

Division of B u i 1 d i n n Research

national Research Council of Canada

Montreal Road

Ottawa KIA 0R6

CANADA

A high degree of interaction has naturally existed between

the National Research Council (NRC) and CBT. Three NRC staff

members visited CBT on the subject of fire research in 1972.

In turn, five CBT professionals visited NRC on such topics

as thermal studies, wind loads, plastic pipe, and structural

enqi neeri ng

.

Danish Building Research Institute

20 Borgerqade

1300 Copenhagen K,

DENflARK

Buildinq and Road Research Institute

CSIR

University P. 0. Box 40

Kumasi

GHANA

Central Buildinq Research Institute

CSIR

Roorkee (U.P.)

INDIA

'Jhile information has long been exchanned, discussions are

under way for develoninq a formal cooperative program. The

Institute is also involved in three Special Foreiqn Currencv

Proqram projects described in a separate section of this

report.

23
Buildinq Research Institute

. Ministry of Construction

4-Chone, Hyakuni n-Cho , Shinjuku-Ku

Tokyo

JAPAN

The Institute is considerinq sendinn one of its professionals

to CBT as a quest v/orker in the area fire protection, in

1973. One of CBT's staff visited the laboratories of the

Institute in conjunction with thermal studies in 1972.

'Buildinq Research Association of flevi Zealand

^. 0. Box ^^375

'Jellinqton 1 NEW ZEALAND

Norwenian Duildinn Research Insitute

P. 0. Box 322, Blindern

Oslo 3

NORWAY

Three officials from the Institute visited CBT on the subject

of Operation BREAKTHROUOM in April 1972. The follovinq July,

Mr. M. E. THOMPSON, Deputy Di rector/Onera ti ons , CBT, spent

several days examininq the Institute's facilities.

National Buildinq Research Institute

CSIR

P. 0. Box 395

Pretoria

SOUTfl AFRICA

Durinq May 1972, Dr. T. L. WEBB, Director of the Institute,

visited CBT to discuss various aspects of research information

exchanqe. One of his staff members also visited CBT several

months later on the subject of information dissemination.

Svensk Bvoqtjanst

P. 0. Box 1403

111 84 Stockholm

SWEDEN

24
SPECIAL PROJECTS

SPECIAL FOREIGN CURRENCY PROGRAM

Background :

The United States Government acquires foreign currencies in

the course of its overseas operations. These and other

foreign currencies are kept in Treasury Department accounts

and are available to some Government agencies to finance

overseas activities. Excess foreign currencies are the

US-owned currencies of the countries in which the Treasury

Department has found the supply to be greater than required

for normal US demands for the next two or three years. The

Treasury Department designates foreign countries for which

currency supply exceeds demand as "excess foreign currency

countries." Congress makes a separate appropriation to NBS

for the purchase of excess foreign currencies. This

appropriation is supplementary to, not a substitute for, the

regular NBS appropriation. The official appropriation title

is Research and Technical Services, Special Foreign Currency

Program (SFCP). (This program is also referred to as the

PL-480 Program.)

Since Fiscal Year 1961, the National Bureau of Standards has

had an active Special Foregin Currency Program in India,

Israel and Pakistan. During 1970, Yugoslavia was added to

the list of countries; Poland and the United Arab Republic

(Egypt) in 1972.

SFCP grants provide an appropriate means for accomplishing

NBS objectives, consistent with US foreign policy. NBS

criteria for this purpose are:

1. All projects must be of scientific or technological

excellence.

2. All projects must be within the mainstream of NBS

interests or contribute directly to NBS effectiveness.

3. All projects must benefit both the US and the

participating countries. SFCP funds must not

merely replace otherwise available country funds;

and individuals or institutions abroad must not

become primarily dependent upon NBS for long term

support.

25
4. All projects must be followed closely by NBS staff

members working in related areas. Thus, one or

more NBS staff should maintain a continuing direct

relationship with the foreign person or group. This

relationship should be strengthened by visits in

/ both directions.

5. NBS involvement with a technical institution of

another nation should be consistent with US foreign

pol i cy

.

6. NBS staff travel to participating foreign countries

should be exploited, when practical, by suitable

additional itinerary to identify additional

targets for bilateral benefit or to provide

additional strength to existing relationships.

Such travel should be coordinated with the SFCP

Manager, Mr. H. Steffen REISER, Chief of the Office

of International Relations, NBS.

26
19 72 Summary :

The Center for Building Technology (CBT) has entered into

twelve SFCP projects since January 1, 1966. Although

the basis for implementation of such arrangements is

constantly changing because of the nature of the program,

CBT is interested in discussing possible building oriented

projects with appropriate institutions in qualifying countries.

The existing CBT grants are outlined below.

Grant 91 - Title: Composite Structural Systems in Buildings

Scope: A comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art will

be made of all aspects of structural behavior, fire proofing,

elastic and inelastic behavior, shrinkage, temperature and

fatigue considerations for composite structural systems.

Experimental and analytical studies will be made of infilled frame models, masonry walls on beams, encased beams

in columns, and in-filled tubes, with tests being made on

actual prototypes up to failure. Measurements of strains,

deformations and stresses would be made using strain gages and

dial gages. The experimental investigations would involve

development of new measurement techniques and test procedures.

The analytical studies on in-filled frames subjected to

lateral loads or to the interaction between frames and shear

walls of masonry, including the interaction with floors,

would be attacked, using discrete analytical models for

continuous systems and also using numerical techniques.

Principal Investigator: Professor J. K. S. RAO

Institute: Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, INDIA

CBT Monitor: Dr. F. YOKEL, Structures Section, CBT

Fundi ng : $31 ,000

Signed: November 7, 1968

Expired: November 7, 1972

Note: Cost Extension Requested.

Grant 98 - Title: Sanitary Plumbing Drainage for High-Rise

Buildings Without Vent Systems

Scope: Investigate performance and economics of sanitary

drainage system for high-rise buildings employing

unconventional measures such as soecial fittings or oversized soil and waste stacks intended to maintain acceptable

hydraulic and pneumatic performance without the use of

conventional system of vent piping.

27
Principal Investigator: Professor D. MOHAN

Institute: Central Building Research Institute,

CSIR, Roorkee, INDIA

CBT Monitor: Mr. R. S. WYLY, Building Services Systems

Section, CBT

Funding: $76,000

Duration: Three years

Note: Final Approval Pending

Grant 99 - Title: Study of Structural Elements Under

Dynamic Loading.

Scope: The research will be directed toward an experimental

and theoretical investigation of the effects of blast leads

on structural elements and structural models. The experimental study will be directed toward the development of

methods of stress and strain measurement in elements under

dynamic loading conditions such as those resulting from

accidental explosions such as cooking gas. The ultimate

aid of the research is to develop criteria which can be used

for the performance evaluation of building systems. It

is expected that definite recommendations suitable for code

implementation will result from the investigation.

Principal Investigator: Professor V. SUNDARARAJAN

Institute: Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, INDIA

CBT Monitor: Dr. F. YOKEL, Structures Section, CBT

Funding: $16,500

Signed: July 25, 1970

Expires: January 24, 1974

Grant 100 - Title: Water Conservation Measures in Plumbing

Scope: The aim of this project is to determine performance

of sanitary plumbing equipment or systems designed to reduce

water consumption through measures such as hi gh -ef f i ci ency

sanitary fixtures and flow regulating devices. It is intended

also to carry out observations and tests on recirculating

sanitary waste-disposal systems and on the "Vacuum Sewerage

System" in order to ascertain whether efficient oxidation of

organic waste products is feasible with small consumption of

water

.

Principal I nves ti aator : Professor H. ILBERG

Institute: Standards Institution of Israel, Tel Aviv,

ISRAEL

CBT Monitor: Mr. R. S. WYLY, Building Services Systems

Section, CBT

Funding: $57,000

Signed: March 24, 1970

Expires: March 24, 1974

28
Grant 101 - Title: The Reinforcement of Concrete by Polymers

Scope: A new family of materials consists of ordinary concrete

inpregnated after hardeninq with a monomer which is then

Dloymerized by radiation. In some cases the results obtained,

in terms of mechanical, physical and chemical properties, are

very striking. It will be the object of this investigation

to study the interaction of the two component materials

and to develop an understanding of the mechanism by which

the polymer reinforces the concrete as a basis of a more

rational design of the composite system.

Principal Investigator: Professor J. GLUCKLICH

Institute: Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, ISRAEL

CBT Monitor: Mr. T. REICHARD, Structures Section, CBT

Funding: $34,000

Signed: November 8, 1970

Expires: November 2, 1973

Grant 109 - Title: New Developments, Directions and Innovations

in Buildings and Building Research

Scope: A factual exposition and up-to-date technical and

economical evaluation of Israeli experience and research is

to be given for building activity. The applicability of

improvements and innovations of the construction methods in

Israel to the building industry in the US will be considered.

Principal Investigator: Mr. A. ALWEYL

Institute: Standards Institution of Israel, Tel Aviv,

ISRAEL

CBT Monitor: Mr. P. R. ACHENBACH, Building Environment

Division, CBT

Funding: $12,000

Signed: March 17, 1970

Expired: March 16, 1972

Note: Cost Extension Requested

Grant 120 - Title: Improvement of the Strength of Bonded

Joints by Mechanical Surface Activation

of the Adherends

Scope: Vigorous abrasion of the adherends is the usual

method used to improve the strength of bonded joints. However,

the free valency sites thus created are quickly inactivated

by 0^, 0^, H«0, N^ and C0«. It is proposed to activcite the

29
surfaces mechanically in the presence of suitable reactive

adhesives, with a view to makinq newly created reactive

sites immediately available for stronq adhesive bonds.

Apart from mechanical testing of the adhesive strength of the

bonds thus obtained, the degree of chemical activation will

be measured directly with the aid of suitable tracer elements

such as O^.

Principal Investigator: Dr. C. H. LERCHEMTHAL

Institute: Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, ISRAEL

CBT Monitor: Mr. A. HOCKMAN, Materials and Composites

Section, CBT

Funding: $12,000

Signed: September 29, 1970

Expired: September 28, 1971

Note: Awaiting Final Report

Grant 121 - Title: Development of Tensile Strength, Tensil

Strain, and Stress in Fresh Concrete

Exposed to High Evaporation

Scope: Previous studies of the plastic shrinkage of concrete

showed that the paramount influence on the relation between

the tensile stress and tensile strength on plastic cracking

was caused by evaporation of water from the fresh concrete.

Studies of length change measurements, rheological properties,

tensile stress, tensile strength, and rate of evaporation

of varied mixes exposed to different climatic conditions

will be conducted for a period of ten hours after casting.

It is hoped that the findings will lead to improved recommendations for concrete design in hot dry weather.

Principal Investigator: Professor R. SHALOM

Institute: Israel Institute of Technologv, Haifa, ISRAEL

CBT Monitor: Mr. T. REICHARD, Structures Section, CBT

Funding: $14,000

Signed: August 12, 1970

Expires: October 1, 1973

Grant 143 - Title: Prediction of the Thermal Behavior of

Full-Scale Buildings

Scope: To compare and validate several mathematical methods

for the prediction of the thermal behavior of buildings,

i.e., the pattern of their indoor air temperatures as a function of their design, their construction and of the

variations in the outdoor climatic conditions. The Response

30
Factor according to the ASHRAE procedure and the total thermal

time constant methods, will receive particular analysis.

Principal Investigator: Dr. B. GIVONI

Institute: Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, ISRAEL

CBT Monitor: Dr. T. KUSUDA, Thermal Engineering Systems

Section, CBT

Funding: $14,000

Signed: July 16, 1971

Expires: July 15, 1973

Note: Awaiting Final Report

Poland SFCP Trip:

Between January 3 and January 1 3 , 1 972 , fir. William R. HERRON,

former coordinator of International Affairs, CBT, accompanied

an NBS mul ti di s ci pi i nary team to investigate possibilities

for cooperative research projects under SFCP funding in Poland.

Mr. HERRON visited approximately seven organizations, including

the Institute for Building Technology, and the Committee for

Science and Technology which formulates all scientific research

in Poland. In addition, a visit to a new town took place.

A final meeting with Dr. Marian DABROWSKI, Scientific

Counsellor to the Ministry of Construction and Building

Materials Industry, was held on the subject of possible

SFCP projects with CBT. Dr. DABROWSKI planned to visit

CBT at the beginning of 1973 to further discuss the matter.

31
THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

(USAID) PROGRAM

1972 Summary :

The Center for Buildinq Technology (CBT) is supporting

USAID by helping refine low-cost housing and community

building designs and construction technigues to better

withstand windstorms and earthquakes in developing countries.

CBT provided USAID with engineering support and technical

assistance for two projects in calendar year 1972.

The first, "Design, Siting and Construction of Low-Cost

Housing and Community Buildings to Better Withstand Earthquake and Windstorms," was concerned with analyzing the

potentials of housing technology for mitigating earthquake

and windstorm disasters in developing countries. Within this

context this study centered around four principal tasks, each

common to a representative sample of worldwide developing

countries. These tasks consisted of performing a state-ofthe-art study of selected developing country's housing

technology, evaluating their socio-economic and cultural

constraints, and identifying their building construction

related data gaps. Also, an evaluation of proposed alternative

approaches to improved building design, material usage and

co.ns tructi on techniques including approaches to overcome

technological and socio-economic barriers against more effective building practices was performed.

Four representative countries were selected for this study.

They were Peru, Turkey, Iran and the Philippines. These

developing countries favorably represented worldwide

geographic areas that suffer frequent devastation from

earthquakes and extreme winds. Visits were made to these

countries by CBT personnel to collect data both through

interviews and on-site observations. Reports from contracted

local individuals with established expertise in their

country's housing and cl i ma tol ogi cal conditions were reviewed

and analyzed by CBT project staff. Information from both

personal visits and the indiqenous individual reports provided

the basis for analysis and the forthcoming recommendations.

The final report will be released to USAID in the fall on 1973.

32
The second project, "Locally Planned Windstorm and Earthquake

Resistant Structures," focused on developing improved seismicresistant buildings in Peru using oi 1 -s tabi 1 i zed and canereinforced adobe block construction. This study is being

performed in collaboration with Peruvian housing authorities

and educational institutions in the US and Peru. CBT is

providing technical support in developing procedures for

seismic design and construction of adobe housing units and

testing specifications for adobe structural elements and

improved and innovative light weight roofing systems. Also,

CBT is providing technical assistance on an as-needed basis

to the Peruvian Government.

On several occasions representatives from CBT visited Peru to

inspect earthquake-affected regions, to coordinate the

research and become familiarized with Peru's traditional

construction and testing practices, to conduct disaster

investigations of structural damages inflicted by the 1970

earthquake, and to perform an assessment of future experimental

needs to develop the basis for seismic design criteria for

reinforced adobe dwellings.

A series of on-site reports will be submitted to USAID/Peru

in late 1973. These reports will assist the local USAID

mission to identify and weigh the many factors that will

result in benefits and costs to potential urban and rural,

new and renewal dwellings and their residents.

In March 1973, a third USAID sponsored project entitled,

"Design Criteria and Methodology for Construction of Low-Cost

Housing to Resist Typhoons and Hurricanes," was scheduled

to be undertaken by CBT.

33
MANAGUA EARTHQUAKE PROJECT

19 72 Summary :

The emphasis of the investigation conducted by the Center for

Building Technology (CBT) team following the Managua,

Nicaragua, earthquake of December 23 , 1 972 , v/as to assist

Nicaraguan authorities in evaluating the conditions of public

buildings immediately following the disaster, and to observe

causes of building failures for guidance toward improvements

of earthquake resistant practices for design, construction

and use of buildings.

The National Bureau of Standards was informed of the earthquake

on December 23, 1972, by the warning service of the National

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The situation

was reviewed with Dr. Nathan M. NEWMARK of the National

Academy of Engineering who indicated that the event could

be of substantial technical interest and that the Academy

was sending Dr. Mete SOZEN of the University of Illinois to

investigate the earthquake. Mr. Samuel KRAMER, Chief of the

Office of Federal Building Technology, CBT, arranged for

State Department authorization to investigate the disaster

and the entrance of himself, Dr. Richard N. WRIGHT, Deputy

Director/Technical, CBT, and Dr. Mete SOZEN as a combined

team. At the same time arrangements were made for entrance

of a team of seismologists from NOAA.

The team was warmly received on December 26, 1972 by the

Nicaraguan authorities and given a preliminary tour of the

city. The following day, the team continued informal

investigations of the damage with the assistance of helicopter

transportation loaned by General SOMOZA and ground vehicle

transportation provided by Nicaraguan police. Liaisons were

established with the Nicaraguan Ministry of Public Works for

coordinated efforts in investigations of building damage.

On December 28, 1972, the CBT team plus Mr. Karl STEINBRUGGE,

a consulting structural engineer with the NOAA sei smol ogi cal

team, were granted a pass for conducting investigations of

34
building damage and began examinations in conjunction with

staff members of the Department of Construction and Maintenance

of Public Buildings of the Ministry of Public Works.

Dr. Abdel KARIM, Head of the Civil Engineering Department at

the University of Nicaragua, also v/orked closely with the

team during its studies. These investigations continued until

January 4, 1973, when the team returned to the United States.

Two follow-up trips to Nicaragua (June and July, 1973) were

planned by Dr. Richard N. WRIGHT, the first to participate

in the "Technical Seminar on the Reconstruction of Managua"

sponsored by the Domestic and International Business

Administration, US Department of Commerce, and the private

sector of Manugua, and the second, to furnish technical

services, in accordance with an agreement with the US Agency

for International Development, on a joint team with the

Organization of American States, to review and evaluate

activities related to the development of a building code for

Nicaragua and the establishment of a building regulatory

system, institute for building standards, and a laboratory

for testing building materials.

35
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION MEMBERSHIPS

RILEM ACTIVITIES

Reunion Internationale

et de Recherches sur

et les Constructions

1 2 Rue Branci on

75737 Paris CEDEX 15

FRANCE

Background :

The International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories

for Materials and Structures (RILEM) had its origin in 1947

at a meeting in Paris of a small number of laboratory

directors and researchers who were anxious to re-establish

the international relations broken off by the war on a new

basis. In a devastated world in which construction assumed

the urgent character of reconstruction, in which scientific

and technical progress was undergoing a bewildering

acceleration, the need to break out of an enforced isolation

and to resume contacts which had been interrupted for six

years had become a necessity.

RILEM is an international non-profit association governed by

Swiss law. Its purpose is to facilitate contacts and

scientific information among its members and its aim is to

constitute a medium of exchange and of communication of

experience, essentially the experience acquired by the study

of materials and bui 1 di ng el emen ts , by the observation of

works, by tests in the laboratory and in situ, and by research

without which none of these activities could progress. The

1972 RILEM membership list shows representatives from seventyeight nations.

RILEM's activities are concerned with:

- Research on the properties of construction materials, their

evolution and the changes they undergo through time when

subjected to internal and external agents, and the performance

of structures. Mindful of recent developments in the science

of materials, RILEM concerns itself increasingly with:

des Laboratories d'Essais

les Materiaux

(RILEM)

36
basic research on the structure and properties of materials;

relations between the structure and the properties of

materials; basic research on the durability of materials; and,

the synthesis of the above activities with a view to

encouraging the production and the rational use of building

ma teri al s .

- The definition of materials testing methods and of the

measurement of their characteristics, before and after

their placing, as well as of methods for the testing and

observation of structures (mechanical prooerties, deformations,

stability, behavior in time, etc.); their improvement and

their unification in order to arrive at common testing

methods, if possible standardized, which will furnish

comparable results on an international scale.

- The equipment and the organization of testing laboratories,

in particular the improvement of measuring apparatus and

testing machines.

- The organization of information for research, without going

into the organization of research.

RILEM fulfills its function of disseminating information and

promoting exchange by its publication, its surveys and its

symposia; it pursues its undertaking of improvement and

unification of testing methods by means of its technical

committees.

In all, there are approximately twenty-three technical

committees covering, the spectrum of construction research.

Each committee has the task of producing recommendations which

will eventually be transmitted to the International Organization

for Standardization (ISO), the only body authorized to

oromulgate international standards.

Since 1954, RILEM has organized thirty-eight international

symposia, on a wide variety of subjects, at the conclusion

of which complete reports on the proceedings have been

publ i shed

.

37
ff

1972 Summary :

In connection v/ith his position as President of RILEM, the

26th meetino of the Permanent Committee took place in

Washinaton between April 24 and April 30, 1972, at the

invitation of Dr. James R. WRIGHT, Director of the Center

for Buildina Technology (CBT). Delenates from Argentina,

Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,

Hungary, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, South Africa,

Soai n , Sweden , Switzerland, United and USSR attended.

The present state of the twenty-three technical committees

was reviewed in the Coordinating Group's report, and various

proposals for additions and modifications were made. Then,

several symposium projects were examined. Before adjourning,

the Permanent Committee elected its new President,

Professor Dimiter VATCHEV, Director of the Institute of

Building Sciences (HISI), Sofia, and Delegate for Bulgaria.

Professor VATCHEV invited the Permanent Committee to meet

in Bulgaria from September 24 to October 1, 1973.

The Washington meeting was followed by the joint RTLEM/ASTM/

CIB Symposium, the "Performance Conceot in Buildings,"

flay 3-5 , 1 972. Assistant Secretary for Research and Technoloav,

US Department of Housing and Urban Development, Harold FINGER,

stressed the need for worldwide cooperation in furthering the

performance aporoach in test methods in regard to acceptance

standards. Nearly two hundred participants from twenty-five

countries listened to eighty-two papers on the subject. In

summing up the proceedings, Neil B. HUTCHEON, Director of

the Division of Building Research, National Research Council

of Canada, termed the symoosium one of the most significant

ever held to consider buildina and building construction, and

he continued by saying that the paoers , renorts and discussions

constituted a formidable body of materials which will only be

fully exploited over many months and years to come. (The

proceedings of the symposium have been published in two

volumes, NBS Special Publications 361-1 and 361-2.)

In addition to Dr. HRIGHT's role as US Delegate to RILEM,

two other CBT staff members serve in official capacities.

Dr. Richard N. WRIGHT, Deputy Director/Technical, CBT, serves

as the RILEM representative to the ASCE/AIPC Committee for

Tall Buildings. And second. Technical Committee 27-E^'S,

"Evaluation of External Vertical Surfaces of Buildings," is

under the chairmanship of Mr. William C. CULLEN, Assistant

Chief of the Structures, Materials and Life Safety Division, CRT.

38
During 1972, the possibility of creatinq a RILEM North

American Group, modeled after various European national groups

and the Latin American Group, was discussed. A questionnaire

distributed by Dr. WRIGHT to the aporoxi mately thirty-four

Canadian and US members of RILEM in January, received a generally favorable response to the idea. A special meetinq

took place on May 2, 1972, in Philadelphia to further discuss

the matter. Although the difficulties in establishing the

group were apparent, reaction indicated that such a focal

point was a necessity. Further consideration is being given

the subject and a tentative second meeting was planned

for 1973.

Finally, in his capacity as a member of the RILEM Bureau,

Dr. I'/RIGHT met with that policy making group on January 27 and

October 13, 1972, in Paris and in April during the Permanent

Committee Meetinq in Washington.

39
CIB ACTIVITIES

Conseil International du Batiment DOur la Recherche

I'Etude et la Documentation (CIB)

Postbus 229, Weena 700

Rotterdam

NETHERLANDS

Backqround

The International Council for Buildinn Research, Studies,

and Documentation (CIB) was established in 1953 in response to

recommendations made by the United Nations Economic Commission

for Eurooe. CIB's major objective is to encourane and

stimulate international cooperation in the qatherinn,

refinement, and dissemination of buildinq research information.

These mutual exchanges facilitate the development and adoption

of buildinq standardization oractices which provide for the

effective exchange of buildinq research data and interchangeability of products on the international level.

Forty-five countries are currently members of CIB and send

delegates from building-oriented organizations to participate

in various CIB activities. Each full member country appoints

a representative to the CIB General Assembly which meets at

least once every three years and in which the authority of

CIB is vested. The US National Committee for CIB is the sole

representative of US interests.

40
1972 Summary:

The followinq CIB committees were represented by Center for

Buildinn Technolony (CBT) staff members as outlined belov/.

W- 2 3A : Safety of Load-Bearing Halls

Development of scientific bases for building codes,

especially regarding calculations and testing of stresses

in 1 0 a d - b e a r i n q walls.

Dr. ri. F. SOMES, Chief, Structures Section, CBT.

lJ-24 : Dimensional and Modular Coordination (International

Modul ar Group ( IMG) . Establishment of rules for dimensional coordination of

construction components and products and recommendations

for their use.

Mr. C. T. MAHAFFEY, Office of Building Standards and

Codes Services, CBT.

W-40 : Heat and floisture Transfer in Materials and Structures . Study of hygro-thermi cs , the basic phenomena of moisture

and heat transfer in materials and structures.

Mr. F. .1. POWELL, Chief, Thermal Ennineerinq Systems

Section, CBT.

Mr. POWELL delivered an informal paper to the W-40 Committee

which met in Holzkirchen, Germany between September 19 and

September 24, 1972.

S-41 : Tall Buildings : Organization of symposia on architecture, construction,

engineering, and user's needs in relation to buildings

over twenty stories.

Dr. F. Y. YOKEL, Structures Section, CBT.

41
S-47 : Information Flow in the Building Process.

Orqanization of symposia on the aonlication of theories of

information, classification, and coding as guides in the

building process

.

Mr. .1. L. HAECKER, Chief, Scientific and Professional

Liaison Section, CBT.

On May 16, 1972, a North American Roundtable on the subject

of "Economic Considerations of Construction Information,"

organized jointly by Mr. HAECKER, CBT, and Mr. Brian HOLMES

of the Canadian Department of Industry, Trade and Commerce,

was held at the National Bureau of Standards at the request

of CIB/S-47. The objectives of the roundtable were to

identify North American problems of building construction

information and their related costs, and the trends and

targets of opportunity in information handling. Twelve

persons from Canada and the US took part in this meeting.

'//-52 : Exchange and Dissemination of Information for

Practi ti oners . Analysis of users' needs and procedures for unifyinq

literature abstracts and aoplvinn keywords and thesauri

.internationally for electronic data processina.

Mr. J. L. HAECKER, Chie^, Scientific and Professional

Liaison Section, CBT.

17-60 : Performance Concept in Building.

Develooment of a conceptual framework for a performance

approach to building as well as a terminology and a commentary on the existing situation.

Dr. R. WEHRLI, Chief, Architectural Research Section, CBT.

Dr. WEHRLI met informally with W-60 members at CSTB and

BRE in Seotember of 1972.

W-6 2 : Hater Supply and Drainage in Buildings . Research to develop standards for water supply and drainage

facilities in buildings.

Dr. il . E. SNELL, Assistant Chief, Building Environment

Division, CBT.

42
Dr. SNELL attended the first meetinq of the newly formed

W-62 Committee on Sentember 21, 1972, at the Buildinq

Research Establishment, UK. It v/as found that Eurooean

experience could be quite useful in undatinq US olumbinq

desiqn practices.

CBT staff who took part in CIB activities as quests rather

than committee members are the following. Mr. D. GROSS,

Building Fires and Safety Section, participated in the Tenth

Meeting of W-14 (Fire), in Stockholm, Sweden, flay 1 3-22 , 1 972 . Mr. r. .] . POWELL, Chief, Thermal Engineering Systems Section,

presented a paper "Air Conditioning Criteria of Human Comfort,"

and participated at the W-45 (Human Requirements and Building

Desiqn) Symposium held at the Building Research Establishment,

UK, September 11-19, 1972. Mr. H. E. THOMPSON, Deputy

Director/Operations, attended a special meeting of S-47

(Information Flow in the Building Process) for Mr. HAECKER,

in London, Enoland, July 7, 1972^ The following July 10-12,

Mr. THOMPSON attended the annual Research Managers Conference,

in Hannover, Germany, as the representative of the US

National Committee for CIB. During the meeting he presented

a talk on the energv crisis and environmental problems

in the US.

43
USNCCIB ACTIVITIES

THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL COriMITTEE FOR THE INTERNATIONAL

COUNCIL FOR BUILDING RESEARCH, STUDIES AND DOCUMENTATION (USNCCIB)

Background :

In 1962, under the sponsorship of the National Academy of

Sciences, USNCCIB was organized to reoresent the United

States as a full member in CIB.

The primary objectives of the USNCCIB are: to function as the liaison between US interests and the CIB and, thus, provide

a mechanism through which the ready exchanae of building

research data generated by US private and public organizations

and other CIB members is encouraged; to stimulate, through

the establishment of counterpart commissions, the generation

of research studies and information on the state-of-the-art

in the field of building research and technology; and to

motivate organizations to take oositive action in furthering

building research, studies and documentation.

As part of the National Research Council of the National

Academy of Sciences-National Academy of Engineering, USNCCIB

is in a unique position to provide liaison services at the

international level in matters concerning the exchange of

research data of interest to the various segments of the building

community in the United States.

USNCCIB membership is composed of both participating organizations, private, non-profit, and national organizations and

federal agencies conducting, soonsoring, administering, or

utilizing building related research studies and documentation,

and members-at-1 arge , individuals appointed in recognition of

their competence in building research and related activities

without regard to their organizational affiliations. The

Executive Committee coordinates USNCCIB activities and is

composed of the USNCCIB Chairman, Vice-Chairman, and Representative

to CIB and from four to six others elected from the membership.

44
Contracts or qrants from various orqam* zati ons orovide the

financial suDDort for USNCCIB Funds are received from the

National Science Foundation, the Department of Housinq and

Urban Development, the Department of the Army Construction

Engineering Research Laboratory, the Department of Agriculture

Forest Products Laboratory, and the National Bureau of

Standards/Center for Building Technoloay.

45
1972 Summarv:

In order to provide a consensus view of US buildinq and

construction activities to serve as the basis for continuous

active participation in CIB, the USNCCIB proceeded with

Dlans for furthering its efforts in areas includinq the

oerformance concept in building, new community development,

and lov/-cost housing.

In connection with the economics of constructing and maintaining

a large community complex, a task group is at work developing

a program for identifying significant cost elements and makinq

them visible as part of the total costs to be faced by a community in satisfying its working, recreational, social, and

shelter needs.

Another task group on organization and management of construction

is currently examining incentives and selection, contractual

linkages, techniques and tools, and research.

An extensive effort was made this year to develop better

methods for information exchange. A proposed pronram, called the

Building Research Information Correlation Service (BRICS),

is aimed at evolving a system for the exchange of research

and technical information within the entire building and

construction community by establishing and enhancing linkages

among existing organizations in an informal network, improving

the ability of individual service institutions to fill the

needs of their respective audiences, and filling the information

and communication gaps that are found to exist.

• Finally, USNCCIB was commissioned by CIB to serve in a special liaison capacity this past year by workinn on its

behalf with the Symposium and Steering Committees of the

Joint Symoosium on the Performance Concept in Building held

May 3-5, 1972, in Philadelphia. (This Symposium is described

in the RILEM Section of this report.)

46
During 1972, tv/o CBT staff nembers played Inoortant roles in

the USNCCIB structure. Dr. James R. WRIGHT, Director of CBT,

began his third year as Vi ce-Chai rman of USNCCIB, and thereby,

a member of the Executive Committee, and Mr. James L. HAEKCER,

Chief of the Scientific and Professional Liaison Section, CBT,

was the NBS representative to USNCCIB.

47
ISO ACTIVITIES

International Organization for standardization (ISO)

1 Rue de Varembe

1211 Geneva 20

SWITZERLAND

Background :

On October 14, 1946, sixty-four delegates from twenty-five

countries met in London to consider the establishment of a new international organization whose object would be to

facilitate the international coordination and unification of

industrial standards. Discussions led to the setting up of

ISO, and the first orovisional General Assembly of the new

body took place in London on October 24, 1946.

ISO is a federation of the national standards institutes of

fifty-four countries from all parts of the world. A member

of ISO is the national body most reoresentati ve of standardization

in its country, and which has agreed to abide by ISO's

Constitution and Rules of Procedure. It follows, therefore,

that only one such body for each country is accepted for

membership of ISO. In the case of the United States, the

member organization is the American National Standards

Institute (ANSI).

The work of developing International Standards is carried

out through ISO technical committees, which constitute a forum for the exchange of ideas, with a view to the improvement

of quality, increased production, lowering of prices, the

exoansion of trade and the organization of markets.

The work of the 146 technical committees is, in turn, divided

into sub-committees and workinn groups; and via all these

working parties, some 50,000 experts are engaged in the ISO

work. Each year approximately 18,000 delegates from all over

the world take part in more than 400 ISO meetings. In the

past, the end result of the work has been oublished in the

form of ISO Recommendations. By January 1, 1972, when ISO

began publication of International Standards, nearly 2,000

Recommendations had been aoproved.

48
1972 Summary :

Various members of the Center for Building Technology (CBT)

staff are involved in ISO technical committees (TC),

either through membership in ISO subcommittees and working

groups, or by serving in a US liaison function through

the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the American

Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) , or the American

Society for Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning (ASHRAE).

US National Commi ttee/ ISO

Mr. P. R. ACHENBACH, Chief, Building Environment

Division, CBT

TC 35: Pai nts and Varnishes . Standardization in the field of paints, varnishes and

related products, including rav/ materials and terminology

and methods of tests of finished products.

Dr. P. G. CAMPBELL, Materials and Composites Section, CBT

TC 50: Lac.

Standardization of all forms of lac, namely seedlac,

bleached lac, sticklac, Ki ri (refuse lac), etc.

Dr. P. G. CAMPBELL, Materials and Composites Section, CBT.

TC 71: Concrete and Reinforced Concrete . Standardization of the technology of concrete for the

design and construction of concrete and reinforced

concrete structures, so as to ensure progressive development both in guality and in price reduction; and for

definitions and terms, as v/ell as testing procedures, to

facilitate international exchange of research work..

Dr. B. E. FOSTER, Special Consultant, CBT

49
TC 86: Ref ri qerati on . Standardization in the field of refrigeration, including

cryoqeni cs

.

Mr. P. R. Achenbach, Chief, Building Environment

Division, CBT

Mr. C. W. PHILLIPS, Thermal Engineering Systems Section, CBT

TC 92: Fire Tests on Building Materials and Structures . Standardization of tests for determining the prooerties of

building materials and structures in relation to protection

against fire of the building in which they are used.

Mr. I. A. BENJAMIN, Chief, Building Fires and Safety

Secti on , CBT

.

Mr. BENJAMIN attended meetings of Working Groups 2, 4, and 7

(Testing Methods, Reaction to Fire Tests, and Coordination

and Correlation of Fire Tests) in Munich, Germany,

March 6-10, 1972.

TC 104: Frei gh t Contai ners . Standardization of freight containers having an external

volume of one cubic meter and greater, as regards terminology,

classification, dimensions, specifications test methods

and marki ngs

.

Mr. C. W. PHILLIPS, Thermal Engineering Systems Section, CBT

TC 108: Mechanical Vibration and Shock . Standardization in the field of mechanical vibration and

shock including: terminology; excitation by sources, such

as machines, and vibration and shock testing devices;

elimination, reduction and control, especially by balancing,

isolation, and damping; evaluation of acceptable limits for

man, and in machines, vehicles and structures; methods

and means of measurement and calibration; and methods of

tes ting.

Dr. R. A. CRIST, Assistant Chief, Office of Federal

Building Technology, CBT.

50
CENTER FOR BUILDING TECHNOLOGY GUESTS

FOREIGN GUEST WORKERS

Background :

The National Bureau of Standards makes its facilities

available for limited periods of time to certain qualified

persons other than NBS employees to pursue individual

scientific or technical projects under conditions determined

by NBS.

The basis for acceptance of a quest work is an agreement

between NBS and the guest worker which includes a work

plan. Information or recommendations from outside organizations

supporting a request for the acceptance may be submitted

by a prospective guest worker, but such organizations are not

considered to have any formal connection with the agreement.

The following conditions apoly:

1. Guest workers will be accented only if the objectives

of their proposed work will sufficiently benefit

NBS objectives to justify use of NBS facilities and

resources.

'

2. The guest worker's personal qualifications must

be acceptable to NBS.

3. The quest worker will work in the laboratory of

the host section chief, division chief, or another

specifically designated appropriate NBS staff member.

4. By siqninq the aqreement, the auest worker waives

claim to compensation from the US Government. All

guest workers must aqree to conform to the administrative

instructions and requirements aoolicable to NBS

employees, including Dublication and invention policies.

51
19 72 _S umm a ry :

As oart of its overall interest in international cooneration,

the Center for P.uildinn Technoloqv (CBT) v/elcones Guest

llorkers in line vn' th qeneral HBS nolicy. Durinn 1972 the

followinn Foreinn Huest 'Jorkers had assinnnents in CCT on the

subjects indicated.

(October 4 , 1971)

May 1 , 1972

lanuarv 10, ]^7?

(Aunust 17, 1973)

Dr. Eric CURHETT

Universitv of ''aterloo

l/aterloo, CANADA

Assinned: Structures Section

Subject: Structural Research

CCT

firs. Tarja CROriBERG

Sv'edish national Buildinn Research Council

Stockholm, SliEDEM

Assiqned: Architectural Research Section;

Office of Buildinn Standards

and Codes Services, CBT

Subject: Buildinn f^erfornance needs;

Rerfornance Codes

January 10, 19 72

Julv 1 , 19 72

-lulv 5, 1972

(Januarv 19, 1973)

Julv 31 , 1972

Seotember 21 , 1 972

July 31 , 1972

December 22, 1972

Dr. .losenh 'JARiJARUK

University' of Alberta

Edmonton, CANADA

Assigned- Structures Section, CBT

Subiect* Structural De-'^lection

fliss Louise 'lei -Zen LITI Union Industrial Research Institute

REPUBLIC OF CMIflA

Assiqned: Materials and Comnosites Section,

CBT

Subject: Plastic Pine

fir. FONG Chan Yoon (United nations Fellow)

Sinqanore Institute of Standards and

Industrial Research

SINGAPORE

Assiqned: Materials and Comnosites Section,

CBT

Subject: Materials Durability

Mr. Ahmad JAVDAN (United Nations Fellow)

Mr. Mohammad ROSHDIEH (United Nations Fellow)

Ministry of Develonment and Nousinq

Teheran, IRAN

Assiqned* Structures Section, CBT

Subject: Structural Research

52
FOREIGN VISITOR SUMMARY:

The Center for Building Technoloqy (CBT) is alv/ays pleased to

receive guests interested in the building field. Arrangements

can be made to visit not only laboratory facilities but also

staff members specializing in particular areas. In this manner

professionals of foreign countries and CBT have the opportunity

to exchange information and ideas on a comoletely informal basis.

During 1972 the following foreign visits were officially recorded.

January 3, 1972 - Mr. Honorio HERMETO

Centrais Eletricas de Minas Gerais S.A.

(CEMIG)

BRAZIL

Subject: Engineering Standards

January 6, 1972 - Dr. Bruno HAKE

Fry Cons ul tants , Inc

.

Frankfurt, GERMANY

Subject: Building Materials

January 18, 1972 -

January 20, 1972 -

March 3, 1972

April 5, 1972

April 13, 1972

Dr. A. P. BRANTS

Mr. A. J. LUBACH

Sikkens Wapex, N. V. Kunsthaffen

Wapenyeld, NETHERLANDS

Subject: Building Joint Sealants

Mr. Paul PHILIPP

Institute for Technological Research

Sao Paulo, BRAZIL

Subject: Building Materials and Test Methods

Dr. Tatsumi KITAOKA, Director

Meteorological Research Institute

Tokyo, JAPAN

Subject: US /Japan Panel

Mr. W. W. L. CHAN

Consulting Engineer

Wembelev, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: Operation BREAKTHROUGH

Dr. Kikuo SUMI

National Research Council

Ottawa, CANADA

Subject: Fire Research

53
April 18, 1972 - Mr. Odd BRYNILDSEM

Mr. Aaqe HALLQUIST

Mr. Odd SJOHOLT

Norwegian Buildinq Research Institute

Oslo, NORWAY

" ' Subject: Operation BREAKTHROUGH

April 25, 1972 - RILEM Permanent Committee (34 Members)

International Union of Testing and

. ^ Research Laboratories for Materials

and Structures

Paris , FRANCE

Subject: Building Technology

May 1-2, Mr. A. F. E. WISE

8-10, 1972 - Building Research Establishment

~

. Garston, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: US/UK Cooperative Program

May 8, 1972 - Mr. Pierre RICHELLE, Executive Secretary

Syndicate of Interi ndus tri al Construction

Studies

Brussels , BELGIUM

Subject: Building Technology

May 8-9, 1972 ' - Mr. W. J. BIERRENS DE HAAN, Secretary

General

International Council for Buildinq

Research (CIB)

, Rotterdam, NETHERLANDS

Subject: CIB Committee Work

May 8-9, 19 72 - Dr. T. L. WEBB, Director

National Building Research Institute

Pretoria , SOUTH AFRICA

Subject: Building Technology

May 8-10, Mr. Andrew GOODFELLOW

12, 1972 - Industrialized Building Systems, Ltd.

Auckland, NEW ZEALAND

Subject: Building Performance

May 9, 1972 Mr. Juho SAARIMAA

State Institute for Technical Research

, Helsinki , FINLAND

Subject: Performance and Durability of

Materials

54
May 9, 1972

May 9, 1972

May 10, 1972

May 22-26, 1972

June 5, 1972

June 7, 1972

June 13, 1972

June 16 , 1972

July 3, 1972

Mr. Tenho SMECK

State Institute for Technical Research

Otanieni , FINLAND

Subject: Lightweight Concrete

Dr. I. SOROKA

Israel Institute of Technology

Haifa, ISRAEL

Subject: Concrete Flooring and

Lightweigth Concrete

Mr. J. G. SUNLEY

Building Research Establishment

Princess Risborough, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: US/UK Cooperative Program

Dr. S. C. C. BATE

Building Research Establishment

Garston, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: US/UK Cooperative Program

Dr. S. M. NAUDE

Scientific Advisor to the Prime Minister

Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. D. 0. OGUN, Director

Nigerian Standards Organization

Lagos , NIGERIA

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. DOUSSAIN

National Testing Laboratory

FRANCE

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. R. M. SINCLAIR

Department of Scientific and Industrial

Research

Petone, NEW ZEALAND

Subject: Surface Coatings

Mr. Rolf PERSSON

HSB

Stockholm, SWEDEN

Subject: Operation BREAKTHROUGH

55
July 7, 1972 CONSIGMY (and 4 Team Members)

• RiiilHinn. Piihlir Wnrtc anH

July 13, 1972

July 24, 1972

August 3, 1972

August 14, 1972

August 17, 1972

August 25, 1972

August 30, 1972

September 11-

12, 1972

Mr . Pi erre

Director of Building, Public Works, and

Construction Planning

Ministry of Housing

Paris, FRANCE

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. Narayan DASSHARMA

Indian Standards Institution

New Delhi , INDIA

Subject: Electrical Engineering

Mr. Isao IDOTA (and 9 Team Members)

Japan Industrial Planning Association

Tokyo, JAPAN

Subject: Safety Works

Mr. Robert THOMPSON, National President

Australian Housing Industry Association

South Melbourne, AUSTRALIA

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. J. R. FOWLER

Irwin, Johnston and Partners Pty. Ltd.

South Melbourne, AUSTRALIA

Subject: Structures

Mr. Jack LANNEN

Housing Commission, Victoria

Melbourne, AUSTRALIA

Subject: Operation BREAKTHROUGH

Dr. William H. MELBOURNE

Mo n ash University

Clayton, AUSTRALIA

Subject: Wind Loading

Dr. E. STEINBUCH

Sprenger Institute

Wageningen, NETHERLANDS

Subject: Refrigeration of Food

Mr. N. C. HAUFFE

National Buildinq Research

Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA

Subject: Systems Aoproach

Ins ti tute

to Bui 1 din

n

56
September Ilia, 1972

September ISIS, 1972

September 26, 1972

September 26, 1972

October 5, 1972

October 13, 1972

October 16, 1972

October 24-

25, 1972

Mr. J. BERTHIER

Mr. J. MATHEZ

Scientific and Technical Building Center

(CSTB)

Paris , FRANCE

Subject: Comparison of OBT Guide Criteria

and Agrement System (US/France

Cooperative Program)

Mr. D. SANDER (On Contract)

Mr. G. TAMURA (On Contract)

National Research Council of Canada

Ottawa, CANADA

Subject: Computer Prediction of Smoke

Movement

Mr. Minoru SUGITA

Shimizu Construction Co. Ltd.

Tokyo, JAPAN

Subject: Structures Testing

Mr. Richard DEPOURBAIX

Mr. Briane RANDAL

Central Mortgage and Housing Corp.

Ottawa, CANADA

Subject: Operation BREAKTHROUGH

Mr. James LEWIS

A. R. I. B. A. Architect

Chippenham, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: Disaster Mitigation

Mr. Marion SCATCHERD

National Engineering Laboratory

Glasgow, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: Data Retrieval

Mr. V. V. MIKHAILOV

Prof. ALEXANDROVSKY

Soviet State Construction Ministry

U . S . S . R . Subject: Structural Concrete

Mr. Imam SUGANDI

Power Research Institute

INDONESIA

Subject: Thermal Engineering Standards

57
October 25, 1972

November 1 , 1 972

November 1-

14, 1972

November 2, 1972

November 15, 1972

November 28, 1972

December 12, 1972

Mr. Ivan GARMENDIA

Mr. Juan SAPENE

Venezuelan Standards Institute

Caracas , VENEZUELA

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. Rodolfo COSTAS, Director General

Standards and Technology

Ministry of Industry and Commerce

La Paz, BOLIVIA

Subject: Building Technology

Dr. K. J. EATON

Building Research Establishment

Watford, UNITED KINGDOM

Subject: Wind Loads Cooperative Program

Mr. S. NIKKHOO, Head

Petroleum Products Research Department

National Iranian Oil Comoany

Tehran, IRAN

Subject: Bituminous Roofing Products

"Mr. Tsunejiro EGAWA, (and 29 Team Members)

Daily Construction News Company

Tokyo, Japan

Subject: Building Technology

Mr. Jan - Ake JONSON

Mr. Carl Martin WIKLUND

Swedish Building Center

Umea, SWEDEN

Subject: Dissemination of Research

Informati on

Canadian Parliament Members (6 Members)

Ottawa, CANADA

Subject: Building Technology

58
CBT FOREIGN TRAVEL

In order to further develop the Center for Building Technology

(CBT) staff, foreign travel is encouraged under certain

circumstances. These include such occasions as interactinn

with overseas research groups involved in cooperative programs,

participating in international organization meetings, or simply

studying foreign approaches in the field of building technology.

In all cases such travel provides the CBT staff an invaluable

opportunity to broaden its professional outlook. CBT foreign

travel for 1972 is described below.

January 3-13, 1972

January 10-

12, 1972

Mr. W. R. HERROri, Coordinator

International Affairs, CBT

Location: POLAMO

Puroose: Potential Special Foreign

Currency Program

rir. J. L. HAECKEP, Chief

Scientific and Professional Liaison

Section, CBT

Location: Ottav/a, CANADA

Puroose: CIB Meeting

January 10-

13, 1972

Mr. W. J. PARKER

Building Fires and Safety Section, CBT

Location: Ottawa, CANADA

Puroose: Visit National Research Council

January 18-

27, 1972

January 24-

28, 1972

February 28-

March 10, 1972

March 17-18, 1972

Mr. W. F. REPS

Structures Section, CBT

Location: PERU

Purpose: USAID Project

Dr. J. R. WRIGHT, Director

Center for Building Technolony

Location: Paris, FRANCE

Puroose: RILEfl Meeting; US/France

Cooperative Program

Mr. I. A. BENJAMIN, Chief

Building Fires and Safety Section, CBT

Locations- London, UK; Stockholm, S'/EDEN

Munich, GERMANY

Purpose: Visit Fire Research Stations;

ISO Meetings

Dr. T. KUSUDA

Thermal Engineering Systems Section, CBT

Location: Toronto, CANADA

Purpose: ASMRAE Meeting

59
March 20-2?, 1972

April 5-8, 1972

April 16-20, 1972

April 17-30, 1972

May 3-6, 19 72

Mr. K. M. DE CORTE

Scientific and Professional Liaison

Section, CBT

Location: Montreal, CAHADA

Purnose: Operation BREAKTHROUOH Meetinn

Dr. R. A. CRIST, Assistant Chief

Office of Federal Building Technolooy, CBT

Dr. P. D. MARSHALL

Structures Section, CBT

Location- Ottawa, CANADA

Purnose- Visit National Research Council

Dr. J. E. SfiELL, Assistant Chief

Buildino Environment Division, CBT

Mr. D. J. MITCHELL

Buildinq Service Systems Section, CBT

Location: Nassau, BAHAMAS

Purpose: Visit Plumbinq Installations

Mr. S. KRAMER, Chief

Office of Federal Buildina Technoloqv,

CBT

Location: FRANCE

Purpose: Head Deleoation under US/France

Cooperative Program

Mr. K. N. DE CORTE

Scientific and Professional Liaison

Section, CBT

Location: Montreal, CANADA

Puroose: Oneration BREAKTHROUGH Meetinn

May 13-

,lune 9, 19 72

Mr. D. OROSS

Buildinq Fires and Safety Section, CBT

Locations: Stockholm, SWEDEN, Paris,

FRANCE

Purpose: CIB Meetinq; Visit CSTB Fire

Research Station

May 25-27, 1972 Mr. J. G. GROSS, Chief

Office of Housing Technology, COT

Location: flontreal , CANADA

Purpose: Prestressed Concrete Institute

Meeti ng

60
June 24-28, 1972 fir. P. R. ACHEMBACH, Chief

Buildinq Environnent Division, CBT

Mr. F. J. POWELL, Chief

nr. C. W. PHILLIPS

Thermal Enqineerinn Systems Section

CBT

Location

Purpose

:

Nassau, BAHAMAS

ASHP.AE Meeting

July 1-16, 1972

July 1-19, 1972

July 2-8, 1972

Mr. H. E. THOMPSOM, Deouty Director/

Operations

Center for Buildinq Technology

Locations- Oslo, MORl.'AY; London, UK;

Hannover, GERMANY

Purpose: Discuss Cooperative Programs;

CIB Meetings

Dr. T. KUSUDA

Thermal Engineering Systems Section, CBT

Locati on : Pari s , FRANCE

Purpose: US/France Cooperative Program

Dr. R. N. WRIGHT, Deputy Director/

Technical

Center for Buildinq Teclinology

Locations: London, UK; Liege, BELGIUM

Puroose: US/UK Compl emen tarv Program;

RILEM Meeting

August 11-26, 1972 Mr. J. G.

Office of

Locations

Purpose

:

GROSS, Chief

Housinq Technoloqy, CBT

London, UK; Stockholm,

SWEDEN; Helsinki , FINLAND

Leningrad, Moscov^, USSR

New Tovms Tour; NAHB World

Conference

August 28-

29, 1972 CBT

Dr. E. SIMIU

Structures Section

Location: Ottawa, CANADA

Puroose: Visit National Research Council

September 8-

23, 1972

Dr. R. WEHRLI, Chief

Architectural Research Section

Locations: London, UK; Paris,

Purpose: New Towns Tour

CBT

FRANCE

61
September 10-

30, 1972

September 13-

14, 1972

September 17-

23, 1972

September 19-

October 6, 1972

October 7-25, 1972

October 11-

17, 1972

October 11-

25, 1972

October 15-

18, 1972

Mr. F. J. PO'JELL, Chief

Thermal Enqineerinq Systems Section, CBT

Locations: London, UK; GERMANY; Paris,

FPsAMCE

Purpose: CIB Meetinqs; US/France

Cooperative Proqram

fir. II. E. ROBINSON, Senior Research

Fel 1 ow

Buildinq Environment Division, CBT

Location: Ottawa, CANADA

Purpose: Visit National Research Council

Dr. J. E. SNELL, Assistant Chief

Building Environment Division, CBT

Location: London, UK

Purpose: US/UK Complementary Program;

CIB Meeting

Mr. S. G. FATTAL

Structures Section, CBT

Location: PERU

Purpose USAID Project

Dr. T. KUSUDA

Thermal Enqineerinq Systems Section, CBT

Location: JAPAN

Purpose: Speaker at Environmental Symposia

Dr. J. R. WRIOHT, Director

Center for Buildinq Technology

Location: Paris, FRANCE

Purpose: RILEM Meeting; US/France

Cooperative Program

Mr. VI. C. CULLEN, Assistant Chief

Structures, Materials and Life Safety

Division, CBT

Locations: Paris, FRANCE; flelsinki,

FINLAND; London, UK

Purpose: US/France Cooperative Program;

RILEM Meeting; US/UK

Complementary Program

Mr. H. E. ROBINSON, Senior Research Fellov/

Mr. 11. L., CARROLL

Buildinq Environment Division, CBT

Location: Ottawa, CANADA

Purpose: ASTM Meetinq

62
Movember 17- Mr. H. R. TRECMSEL, Special Assistant

December 4, 1972 - Technical Evaluation and Application, COT

Location: S'/ITZERLAND

Purpose: US/Sv/i tzerl and Cooperative Proqram

Study

November 30- Mr. P. R. ACIlEriBACH, Chief

December 10, 1972 - Building Environment Division, CBT

Location: Warsaw, POLAND

, Purpose: Micro-Environment Symposium

December 25, 1972 Dr. R. N. WRIGHT, Deputy Director/Technical

(January 4, 1973) - Center for Building Technology

Mr. S. KRAMER, Chief

Office of Federal Building Technology, CBT

Location: Managua, NICARAGUA

Purpose: Special Earthquake Study Mission

63
to (O O UJU < >

U- o o AN

LiJ to

UJU

»—to to

UJ

OFFI

DING COD oz

00 < [

64 Z Z

>Q

Z<2

UJ > O Q Zo

-)

O

4)M

4)

C

_

O

® o

OHO c

II 

i/>

_ E o 4) E t; 2to

to NO < to

UJ >0 < >-

1— to UJ

Ll_ UJ

Oi SA

1— UJ u

ID _J

STR

AND

CO©

C

t3

u

J=tO

to

uEocou

?t;5

"D3ICEcO

.h c

£^o

(/> c

too

Q. oC

*^ c S o

it^ c

.*

toT© co

to<^

.£ £

tttO T0 "C "-to

O) >j c ^

CD
NBS-114A (REV. 7-73)

U.S. DEPT. OF COMM. BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

SHEET

1. FuliLlC A 1 ION OR RhFORT NO. NBSIR 74-432

2. Gov't Accession

No.

3. Recipient's Accession No.

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

1972 International Activities, Center for Building Technology

5. Publication Date August 1973

6. Performing Organization Code

7. AUTHOR(S)

Charles C. Raley

8. Performing Organ. Report No. NBSIR 74-432

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20234

10. Proiect/Task/Work Unit No. 4633104

11. Contract/Grant No.

IZ. Sponsoring Organization Name and Complete Address (Street, City, State, Z,IP)

same as item 9.

13. Type of Report & Period Covered

Final Jan. -Dec. 1972

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

16. ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summary of most si^ificant information. If document includes a significant

bibliography or literature survey, mention it here.)

This report summarizes the Center for Building Technology's 1972 international

activities including formal cooperative programs, exchange programs, special

projects, international organization memberships, foreign guests at CBT, and

CBT foreign travel

.

17. KEY WORDS (six to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only the first letter of the first key wc-d unless a proper name; separated by semicolons)

Cooperative programs; foreign visitors; information exchange; international building

technology; international organization memberships; professional interaction

18. AVAILABILITY |X' Unlimited

For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

I

' Order From Sup. of Doc, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402, SD Cat. No. C13

Order From National Technical Information Service (NTIS)

Springfield, Virginia 22151

19. SECURITY CLASS

(THIS REPORT)

UNCL ASSIFIED

20. SECURITY CLASS

(THIS PAGE)

UNCLASSIFIED

21. NO. OF PAGES

64

22. Price

USCOMM-DC 29042-P74