please submit email below from Dr . Laden to PM NAAQS Docket - thanks Beth Hassett-Sipple to: Tricia Crabtree 06/30/2010 11:46 AM

Beth Beth M. Hassett-Sipple Environmental Health Scientist Ambient Standards Group (C504-06) Health and Environmental Impacts Division Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 109 TW Alexander Drive RTP, NC 27711 (919) 541-4605 Hassett-Sipple.Beth@epa.gov (919) 541-0237 (FAX) ----- Forwarded by Beth Hassett-Sipple/RTP/USEPA/US on 06/30/2010 11:46 AM -----

From: Francine Laden <nhfrl@channing.harvard.edu> To: Beth Hassett-Sipple/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA Date: 05/21/2009 10:00 PM Subject: Re:

Beth, Here is a table of the annual PM2.5 levels used in the update of the Harvard Six Cities Study. The on-line supplement describes in detail what monitors were used where. For the years when we are using actual measurements there is only one monitor per city...in the latter years, when EPA AQS monitors are used, we are actually using estimated PM2.5 concentrations as opposed to actual measured PM2.5. Please let me know if you need a copy of the online supplement, or any further information. Francine On Mon, May 4, 2009 at 12:45 PM, < Hassett

- Sipple

. Beth @ epamail

. epa

. gov > wrote:

Francine, thank you for your quick response to our request. Since you will be out of the country during the middle part of May, please let us know when it would be reasonable for you to provide the requested information. Regarding the Puett et al 2008 study, this study focussed on effects associated with exposures to PM10. While it is certainly a study that is being evaluated in the broader review of the scientific evidence, the current request for more specific air quality data is focussed on important studies that evaluated health effects associated with exposures to PM2.5 and/or PM10-2.5. Please let me know if you have any additional questions. We sincerely appreciate your help! Regards,Beth Beth M. Hassett-Sipple Environmental Health Scientist Ambient Standards Group (C504-06) Health and Environmental Impacts Division Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 109 TW Alexander Drive RTP, NC 27711 (919) 541-4605 Hassett

- Sipple

. Beth @ epa

. gov (919) 541-0237 (FAX)

Francine Laden < nhfrl @ channing

. harvard

. edu >

05/04/2009 10:33 AM To Beth Hassett-Sipple/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA cc Subject Re:

I am happy to try to answer these questions. However, I am going to an international conference on May 15-May 25, and I may not be able to get you all the answers before I depart. I have noticed that the following article is not on your list (not that I am asking for more work...)... Puett RC, Schwartz J, Hart JE, Yanosky J, Speizer FE, Suh H, Paciorek C, N eas L, Laden F. Chronic particulate exposure, mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in the Nurses Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2008 N ov 15;168(10): 1161-1168.

Francine

On Sat, May 2, 2009 at 5:36 PM, < Hassett

- Sipple

. Beth @ epamail

. epa

. gov > wrote:

To: Authors of recent U.S. and Canadian epidemiological studies evaluating health effects associated with exposure to fine and thoracic coarse particles EPA is in the process of reviewing the national ambient air quality standards ( N AAQS) for particulate matter (PM). Important components of this review include the preparation of an Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) and a Risk and Exposure Assessment (REA). Inevaluating the epidemiological evidence in the ISA and in using this information in the quantitative risk assessment presented in the REA, it is crucial to consider the air quality distributions from areas where these studies were conducted to investigate associations between PM and health effects. Most epidemiological studies provide some information on the distribution of ambient measurement data for PM, however, p ublished information is often generally limited in scope and the descriptive statistics reported vary from one study to another. In order to effectively place key epidemiological studies in a p olicy-relevant context, EPA’s Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) and National Center for Environmental Assessment ( N CEA) are jointly contacting you to request specific information on the distribution of the air quality data for PM2.5 and/or PM10-2.5 used in your studies. These data will provide important information as NCEA develops the second draft ISA and OAQPS develops the first draft REA. The final ISA and REA together with a policy assessment will inform EPA’s decision making process and the basis for recommendations that the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) will make to the EPA Administrator regarding whether to retain or modify the PM NAAQS. Specifically, we are interested in receiving the following descriptive statistics on the air quality data used in your study (see reference list below): A. For studies evaluating mortality and morbidity effects associated with long-term PM2.5 ambient concentrations, p lease provide the following:

o mean of the ambient PM2.5 mean concentrations across cities reported in the study for the time period evaluated in the study o range (high-to-low) of the city-specific means across all cities or locations o in addition, include where applicable, the above air quality information differentiated by: specific individual years, if multiple years were evaluated season, as defined in the study region, as defined in the study (e.g., east-west) o if your study considered air quality data from multiple monitors in a city, p lease also include the above information for the HIGHEST reporting monitor within each city; this will facilitate our assessment of the current annual PM2.5 NAAQS an d any alternative standards that may be consideredB. For multi-city studies evaluating mortality and/or morbidity effects associated with short-term PM2.5 and/or PM10-2.5 concentrations,

p lease provide the following: o mean; 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, and 99th percentile values; and minimum and maximum values (each as the average across modeled cities - e.g., average of the 98th percentile values across the cities evaluated) o range (high to low) of city-specific 98th percentile values across all cities o in addition, include where applicable, the above air quality information differentiated by: specific individual years, if multiple years were evaluated region, as defined in the study (e.g., east-west) o please also include the following information for the HIGHEST reporting monitor within each city; this will facilitate our assessment of the current 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS and any alternative standards that may be considered 98th and 99th percentile of the 24-hour concentrations for each city annual mean concentration for each city average 98th and 99th percentile of 24-hour concentrations across cities range (high to low) of 98th and 99th percentile concentrations across cities in addition, include where applicable, the above air quality information differentiated by: specific individual years, if multiple years were evaluated region, as defined in the study (e.g., east-west) o in addition, we would ask that you identify the air quality monitors used, unless these monitors are identified already in the study publication C. For single-city studies evaluating mortality and morbidity effects associated with short-term PM2.5 ambient concentrations, p lease

p rovide the following information: o information requested in B above for the one city evaluated Please note, this request is for information on the distribution of air quality data for PM2.5 used in your studies. It is important to emphasize that we are not requesting health data. In addition, we are not requesting raw air quality data, but rather information on the distribution of the data. However, if you would prefer to send theentire air quality data set for us to compute the descriptive statistics that would also be acceptable. Please be aware that your responses, together with whatever data you provide, will be placed in our public docket. We recognize that you are all very busy. We know that it may take some time to respond to our request, but we would be extremely grateful if you could provide us with these additional data. The information you p rovide is likely to play an important role in the current review of the PM NAAQS. Our current schedule includes NCEA preparing a second draft ISA for CASAC and public review by the end of July and OAQPS preparing a first draft REA for CASAC and public review by early September. In order to use the requested information in preparing these documents, we ask that you provide them to us by May 22, 2009. If you are not able to meet this date, we ask that you provide, if possible, an alternate date by which you could prepare the requested information.

References for U.S. and Canadian studies for which we are requesting air quality data for fine and coarse fraction PM are listed below. In most cases, the first author is also listed as the contact for correspondence; however, where another author is indicated as the corresponding author, we have listed that name at the end of the reference and will follow up with that author. We will follow this email message with a telephone call in the next few days to address any questions you might have regarding this request. If you have already p rovided NCEA an d/or OAQPS with additional air quality data in response to earlier requests, we thank you, and we will verify that we have received the requested data when we call. Please contact us at any time if you have any questions. You may reach Dr. Lindsay Stanek, N CEA, at 919 541-7792, stanek

. lindsay @ epa

. govor Beth Hassett-Sipple, OAQPS, at 919 541-4605, hassett

- sipple

. beth @ epa

. gov

. Thank you in advance for your assistance. Beth M. Hassett-Sipple Lindsay Wichers Stanek, PhD Environmental Health Scientist Physical Scientist OAQPS NCEA-RTP

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"Pediatric patient asthma-related emergency department visits and admissions in Washington, DC, from 2001-2004, and associations with air quality, socio-economic status and age group." Environ Health 6: 9. Basu, R., T. J. Woodruff, et al. (2004). "Comparing exposure metrics in the relationship between PM2.5 and birth weight in California." J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 14(5): 391-6. Bell, M. L., K. Ebisu, et al. (2007). "Ambient air pollution and low birth weight in Connecticut and Massachusetts." Environ Health Perspect 115(7): 1118-24. Bell, M. L., K. Ebisu, et al. (2008). "Seasonal and regional short-term effects of fine particles on hospital admissions in 202 U.S. counties, 1999-2005." Am J Epidemiol. In Press. Burnett, R. T., D. Stieb, et al. (2004). "Associations between short-term changes in nitrogen dioxide and mortality in Canadian cities." Arch Environ Health 59(5): 228-36. Chen, L. H., S. F. Knutsen, et al. (2005). "The association between fatal coronary heart disease and ambient particulate air pollution: Are females at greater risk?" Environ Health Perspect 113(12): 1723-9. (contact: Dr. Synmore Knutsen) Chen, Y., Q. Yang, et al. (2005). "The effect of coarse ambient p articulate matter on first, second, and overall hospital admissions for respiratory disease among the elderly." Inhal Toxicol 17(12): 649-55.Chen, Y., Q. Yang, et al. (2004). "Influence of relatively low level of p articulate ar pollution on hospitalization for COPD in elderly people." Inhal Toxicol 16(1): 21-5. Chimonas, M. A. and B. D. Gessner (2007). "Airborne particulate matter from primarily geologic, non-industrial sources at levels below National Ambient Air Quality Standards is associated with outpatient visits for asthma and quick-relief medication prescriptions among children less than 20 years old enrolled in Medicaid in Anchorage, Alaska." Environ Res. 103(3): 397-404. Dales, R. (2004). "Ambient carbon monoxide may influence heart rate variability in subjects with coronary artery disease." J Occup Environ Med 46(12): 1217-21. Dales, R., L. Liu, et al. (2007). "Particulate air pollution and vascular reactivity: the bus stop study." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 81(2): 159-164. Delfino, R. J., N . Staimer, et al. (2006). "Personal and ambient air p ollution is associated with increased exhaled nitric oxide in children with asthma." Environ Health Perspect 114(11): 1736-43. Delfino, R. J., N . Staimer, et al. (2008). "Personal and ambient air p ollution exposures and lung function decrements in children with asthma." Environmental Health Perspectives. 116(4): 550-558. DeMeo, D. L., A. Zanobetti, et al. (2004). "Ambient air pollution and oxygen saturation." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170(4): 383-7. Diez Roux, A. V., A. H. Auchincloss, et al. (2006). "Recent exposure to p articulate matter and C-reactive protein concentration in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis." Am J Epidemiol 164(5): 437-48. Diez Roux, A. V., A. H. Auchincloss, et al. (2008). "Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter and prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis." Am J Epidemiol 167(6): 667-75. Dockery, D. W. and B. Brunekreef (1996). "Longitudinal studies of air p ollution effects on lung function." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154(6 Pt 2): S250-6. Dockery, D. W., H. Luttmann-Gibson, et al. (2005). "Association of air p ollution with increased incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias recorded by implanted cardioverter defibrillators." Environ HealthPerspect 113(6): 670-4. Dominici, F., R. D. Peng, et al. (2006). "Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases." Jama 295(10): 1127-34. Dominici, F., R. D. Peng, et al. (2007). "Particulate air pollution and mortality in the United States: did the risks change from 1987 to 2000?" Am J Epidemiol 166(8): 880-8. Dubowsky, S. D., H. Suh, et al. (2006). "Diabetes, obesity, and hypertension may enhance associations between air pollution and markers of systemic inflammation." Environ Health Perspect, 114: 992-998. (Contact: Dr. S. Dubowsky Adar) Ebelt, S. T., W. E. Wilson, et al. (2005). "Exposure to ambient and nonambient components of particulate matter: a comparison of health effects." Epidemiology, 16(3): 396-405. (Contact: Dr. Michael Brauer) Eftim, S. E., J. M. Samet, et al. (2008). "Fine particulate matter and mortality: a comparison of the six cities and American Cancer Society cohorts with a medicare cohort." Epidemiology, 19(2): 209-16. (contact Dr. Francesca Dominici) Enstrom, J. E. (2005). "Fine particulate air pollution and total mortality among elderly Californians, 1973-2002." Inhal Toxicol. 17(14): 803-16.. Franklin, M., A. Zeka, et al. (2007). "Association between PM2.5 and all-cause and specific-cause mortality in 27 US communities." J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 17(3): 279-87. Fuentes, M., H. R. Song, et al. (2006). "Spatial association between speciated fine particles and mortality." Biometrics., 62(3): 855-63. Fung, K. Y., S. Khan, et al. (2006). "Association between air pollution and multiple respiratory hospitalizations among the elderly in Vancouver, Canada." Inhal Toxicol 18(13): 1005-11.. Gauderman, W. J., E. Avol, et al. (2004). "The effect of air pollution on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age." NEngl J Me d . 351(11): 1057-67. Gauderman, W. J., G. F. Gilliland, et al. (2002). "Association between air pollution and lung function growth in southern California children: results from a second cohort." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166(1): 76-84.Gauderman, W. J., R. McConnell, et al. (2000). "Association between air p ollution and lung function growth in southern California children." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162(4 Pt 1): 1383-90. Gauderman, W. J., H. Vora, et al. (2007). "Effect of exposure to traffic on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age: a cohort study." Lancet 369(9561): 571-7. Gent, J. F., E. W. Triche, et al. (2003). "Association of low-level ozone and fine particles with respiratory symptoms in children with asthma." Jama, 290(14): 1859-67.. Gold, D. R., A. A. Litonjua, et al. (2005). "Air pollution and ST-segment depression in elderly subjects." Environ Health Perspect 113 (7): 883-7. Goldberg, M. S., R. T. Burnett, et al. (2003). "Associations between ambient air pollution and daily mortality among persons with congestive heart failure." Environ Res. 91(1): 8-20. Goldberg, M. S., R. T. Burnett, et al. (2006). "Associations between ambient air pollution and daily mortality among persons with diabetes and cardiovascular disease." Environ Res. 100(2): 255-67. Goss, C. H., S. A. N ewso m , et al. (2004). "Effect of ambient air p ollution on pulmonary exacerbations and lung function in cystic fibrosis." Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 169(7): 816-21. Hammoud, A., D. T. Carrell, et al. "Decreased sperm motility is associated with air pollution in Salt Lake City." Fertility and Sterility In Press, Corrected Proof. Holloman, C. H., S. M. Bortnick, et al. (2004). "A Bayesian hierarchical approach for relating PM(2.5) exposure to cardiovascular mortality in N orth Carolina." Environ Health Perspect 112(13): 1282-8. Huynh, M., T. J. Woodruff, et al. (2006). "Relationships between air p ollution and preterm birth in California." Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 20(6): 454-61. Islam, T., W. J. Gauderman, et al. (2007). "Relationship between air p ollution, lung function and asthma in adolescents." Thorax 62(11): 957-63. (contact: Dr. Frank Gilliland) Islam, T., R. McConnell, et al. (2007). "Ozone, Oxidant Defense Genesand Risk of Asthma During Adolescence." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine: 200706. (Contact: Dr. Frank Gilliland) Ito, K., G. D. Thurston, et al. (2007). "Characterization of PM2.5, gaseous pollutants, and meteorological interactions in the context of time-series health effects models." J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 17 Suppl 2: S45-60. Janes, H., F. Dominici, et al. (2007). "Trends in air pollution and mortality: an approach to the assessment of unmeasured confounding." Epidemiology. 18(4): 416-23. (contact: Dr. Francesca Dominici) Jansen, K. L., T. V. Larson, et al. (2005). "Associations between health effects and particulate matter and black carbon in subjects with respiratory disease." Environmental health perspectives 113: 1741-1746. (Contact: Jane Koenig) Jerrett, M., R. T. Burnett, et al. (2005). "Spatial analysis of air p ollution and mortality in Los Angeles." Epidemiology 16(6): 727-36. Kim, J. J., S. Smorodinsky, et al. (2004). "Traffic-related air p ollution near busy roads: the East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170( 5): 520-6. (Contact: Dr, Bart Ostro) Klemm, R. J., F. W. Lipfert, et al. (2004). "Daily mortality and air p ollution in Atlanta: two years of data from ARIES." Inhal Toxicol 16 Suppl 1: 131-41. Koenig, J. Q., K. Jansen, et al. (2003). "Measurement of offline exhaled nitric oxide in a study of community exposure to air pollution." Environmental Health Perspectives 111(13): 1625-9.Koenig, J. Q., T. F. Mar, et al. (2005). "Pulmonary effects of indoorand outdoor-generated particles in children with asthma." Environ Health Perspect 113(4): 499-503. Kuenzli, N ., M. Jerrett, et al. (2005). "Ambient air pollution and atherosclerosis in Los Angeles." Environ Health Perspect, 113(2): 201-6. Laden, F., J. Schwartz, et al. (2006). "Reduction in fine particulate air pollution and mortality: Extended follow-up of the Harvard Six Cities study." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173(6): 667-72. Lewis, T. C., T. G. Robins, et al. (2005). "Air pollution-associated changes in lung function among asthmatic children in Detroit."Environmental Health Perspectives. 113(8): 1068-75. Lipfert, F., R. Wyzga, et al. (2006). "Traffic density as a surrogate measure of environmental exposures in studies of air pollution health effects: Long-term mortality in a cohort of US veterans." Atmospheric Environment 40: 154-169. Lipsett, M. J., F. C. Tsai, et al. (2006). "Coarse particles and heart rate variability among older adults with coronary artery disease in the Coachella Valley, California." Environ Health Perspect 114(8): 1215-1220. Lisabeth, L. D., J. D. Escobar, et al. (2008). "Ambient air pollution and risk for ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack." Ann Neurol 64(1): 53-9. Liu, L., R. Poon, et al. (2009). "Acute effects of air pollution on p ulmonary function, airway inflammation, and oxidative stress in asthmatic children." 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– 674. Liu, S., D. Krewski, et al. (2007). "Association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants during pregnancy and fetal growth restriction." J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 17(5): 426-32. Luttmann-Gibson, H., H. Suh, et al. (2006). "Short-term effects of air p ollution on heart rate variability in senior adults in Steubenville, Ohio." J Occup Environ Med, 48: 780-788. Mar, T. F., J. Q. Koenig, et al. (2005). "Fine particulate air pollution and cardiorespiratory effects in the elderly." Epidemiology 16(5): 681-7. (Contact: Dr. Jane Koenig). Mar, T. F., T. V. Larson, et al. (2004). "An analysis of the association between respiratory symptoms in subjects with asthma and daily air p ollution in Spokane, Washington." Inhal Toxicol. 16(13): 809-15. (Contact: Dr. Jane Koenig) McConnell, R., K. Berhane, et al. (1999). "Air pollution and bronchitic symptoms in southern California children with asthma." Environmental Health Perspectives 107(9): 757-760. McConnell, R., K. Berhane, et al. (2003). "Prospective study of air p ollution and bronchitic symptoms in children with asthma." Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 168(7): 790-7. McConnell, R., K. Berhane, et al. (2006). "Dog ownership enhancessymptomatic responses to air pollution in children with asthma." Environmental health perspectives 114(12): 1910. McCormack, M. C., P. N . Breysse, et al. (2009). "In-Home Particle Concentrations and Childhood Asthma Morbidity." Environmental health p erspectives 117(2): 294. (Contact: Dr Gregory Dietle). Meng, Y. Y., M. Wilhelm, et al. (2007). "Traffic and outdoor air p ollution levels near residences and poorly controlled asthma in adults." Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 98(5): 455-63. Metzger, K. B., P. E. Tolbert, et al. (2004). "Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular emergency department visits." Epidemiology 15(1): 46-56. (Contact: Dr. Paige Tolbert) Metzger, K. B., P. E. Tolbert, et al. (2004). "Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular emergency department visits." Epidemiology 15(1): 46-56. (Contact: Dr. Paige Tolbert) Miller, K. A., D. S. Siscovick, et al. (2007). "Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of cardiovascular events in women." NEngl J Med., 356(5): 447-58. (Contact: Dr. Joel Kaufman) Millstein, J., F. Gilliland, et al. (2004). "Effects of ambient air p ollutants on asthma medication use and wheezing among fourth-grade school children from 12 Southern California communities enrolled in The Children's Health Study." Arch Environ Health 59(10): 505-14. O’Neill, M. S., A. V. Diez-Roux, et al. (2007). "Airborne particulate matter exposure and urinary albumin excretion: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis." Occup Environ Med.

O' N eill, M. S., A. Veves, et al. (2007). "Air pollution and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a mechanism for susceptibility." Occup Environ Med. 64(6): 373-379.

O' N eill, M. S., A. Veves, et al. (2005). "Diabetes enhances vulnerability to particulate air pollution-associated impairment in vascular reactivity and endothelial function." Circulation 111(22): 2913-20., Ostro, B., R. Broadwin, et al. (2006). "Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in nine California counties: results from CALFINE." Environ Health Perspect 114(1): 29-33. Ostro, B., W. Y. Feng, et al. (2007). "The effects of components of finep articulate air pollution on mortality in california: results from CALFINE." Environ Health Perspect 115(1): 13-9. Ostro, B., W. Y. Feng, et al. (2008). "The Impact of Components of Fine Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Mortality in Susceptible Subpopulations." Occup Environ Med. Park, S. K., M. S. O' N eill, et al. (2005). "Effects of air pollution on heart rate variability: The VA Normative Aging Study." Environ Health Perspect 113: 304-309. Park, S. K., M. S. O' N eill, et al. (2008). "Traffic-related particles are associated with elevated homocysteine: the VA normative aging study." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 178(3): 283-9. Parker, J. D., T. J. Woodruff, et al. (2005). "Air pollution and birth weight among term infants in California." Pediatrics 115(1): 121-8. Peel, J. L., P. E. Tolbert, et al. (2005). "Ambient air pollution and respiratory emergency department visits." Epidemiology 16(2): 164-74. Peters, A., D. W. Dockery, et al. (2001). "Increased particulate air p ollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction." Circulation 103 (23): 2810-5.. Peters, J. M., E. Avol, et al. (1999). "A study of twelve Southern California communities with differing levels and types of air pollution. I. Prevalence of respiratory morbidity." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159 (3): 760-7. Pope, C. A., 3rd, R. T. Burnett, et al. (2004). "Cardiovascular mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution: epidemiological evidence of general pathophysiological pathways of disease." Circulation, 109(1): 71-7. Pope, C. A., M. L. Hansen, et al. (2004). "Ambient particulate air p ollution, heart rate variability, and blood markers of inflammation in a panel of elderly subjects." Environ Health Perspect 112: 339-345. Pope, C. A., 3rd, J. B. Muhlestein, et al. (2006). "Ischemic heart disease events triggered by short-term exposure to fine particulate air p ollution." Circulation, 114(23): 2443-8. Rabinovitch, N ., M. Strand, et al. (2006). "Particulate levels are associated with early asthma worsening in children with persistent disease." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173(10): 1098-105.Rabinovitch, N ., L. Zhang, et al. (2004). "Effects of wintertime ambient air pollutants on asthma exacerbations in urban minority children with moderate to severe disease." J Allergy Clin Immunol 114(5): 1131-7. Rich, D. Q., K. Demissie, et al. (2009). "Ambient air pollutant concentrations during pregnancy and the risk of fetal growth restriction." J Epidemiol Community Health: j ech.2008.082792. Rich, D. Q., R. S. Freudenberger, et al. (2008). "Right heart pressure increases after acute increases in ambient particulate concentration." Environ Health Perspect 116(9): 1167-71. Rich, D. Q., M. H. Kim, et al. (2006). "Association of ventricular arrhythmias detected by implantable cardioverter defibrillator and ambient air pollutants in the St Louis, Missouri metropolitan area." Occup Environ Med. 63(9): 591-6. (Contact: Dr. Doug Dockery) Rich, D. Q., J. Schwartz, et al. (2005). "Association of short-term ambient air pollution concentrations and ventricular arrhythmias." Am J Epidemiol. 161(12): 1123-32. (Contact: Dr. Doug Dockery) Rich, K. E., J. Petkau, et al. (2004). "A case-crossover analysis of p articulate air pollution and cardiac arrhythmia in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators." Inhal Toxicol 16(6-7): 363-72. (Contact: Dr. Michael Brauer) Ritz, B., M. Wilhelm, et al. (2007). "Ambient air pollution and preterm birth in the environment and pregnancy outcomes study at the University of California, Los Angeles." Am J Epidemiol 166(9): 1045-52. Rosenthal, F. S., J. P. Carney, et al. (2008). "Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and airborne fine particulate matter: a case-crossover analysis of emergency medical services data in Indianapolis, Indiana." Environ Health Perspect 116(5): 631-6. Rundell, K. W., J.R. Hoffman, R. Caviston, R. Bulbulian, A.M. Hollenbach (2007). "Inhalation of ultrafine and fine particulate matter disrupts systemic vascular function." Inhalation Toxicology 19: 133-140. Sarnat, S. E., H. H. Suh, et al. (2006). "Ambient particulate air p ollution and cardiac arrhythmia in a panel of older adults in Steubenville, Ohio." Occup Environ Med 63(10): 700-706. Schreuder, A. B., T. V. Larson, et al. (2006). "Ambient woodsmoke and associated respiratory emergency department visits in Spokane,Washington." Int J Occup Environ Health 12(2): 147-53. (Contact: Dr. Tim Larson) Schwartz, J., S. K. Park, et al. (2005). "Glutathione-S-Transferase M1, Obesity, Statins, and Autonomic Effects of Particles: Gene-by-Drug-by-Environment Interaction." Am . J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 172(12): 1529-1533. Silkoff, P. E., L. Zhang, et al. (2005). "Winter air pollution and disease parameters in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease p anels residing in Denver, Colorado." J Allergy Clin Immunol 115(2): 337-44. Slaughter, J. C., E. Kim, et al. (2005). "Association between p articulate matter and emergency room visits, hospital admissions and mortality in Spokane, Washington." J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 15(2): 153-9. (Contact: Dr. Lianne Sheppard) Slaughter, J. C., T. Lumley, et al. (2003). "Effects of ambient air p ollution on symptom severity and medication use in children with asthma." 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Beth Beth M. Hassett-Sipple Environmental Health Scientist Ambient Standards Group (C504-06) Health and Environmental Impacts Division Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 109 TW Alexander Drive

-- Francine Laden, ScD Mark and Catherine Winkler Assistant Professor of Environmental Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health

Assistant Professor of Medicine Channing Laboratory, Brigham & Women's Hospital

Phone: 617-525-2711 Mailing Address: Channing Laboratory, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 Office Location: 3rd Floor West, Landmark Center

--Francine Laden, ScD Mark and Catherine Winkler Assistant Professor of Environmental Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health

Assistant Professor of Medicine Channing Laboratory, Brigham & Women's Hospital

Phone: 617-525-2711 Mailing Address: Channing Laboratory, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115

Office Location: 3rd Floor West, Landmark Center