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NATL INST OF STANDARDS & TECH R.I.C.

All 1021 45864

ppQ m•: j:c;:

' .„«A5s \

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: AaV # V-v \ V' mk % b-p) # a

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5 %'A V;.r> M

i

i


Author’s Note on the Reprinting of

Atomic Energy Levels: Volume I, 1949; Volume II,

1952; Volume III, 1958, Circular National Bureau of Standards 467

Although twelve years have elapsed since the publication of Volume III, there is a continuing steady demand for these Volumes. The data they contain on atomic spectra cover all elements in the Periodic Table except the two groups of rare- earths: the lanthanides (Z = 58—71) aneLthe actinides (Z = 90—?). Similar data for these spectra will be handled in a forth- coming Volume IV, now in course of preparation by W. C. Martin and his colleagues.

One of the rewarding aspects of these compilations has been the stimulation they have provided to further research on the

analyses of atomic spectra. Gaps in the knowledge of spectra, and needs for investigation of additional spectra are immediately

apparent in this comprehensive compendium.

Many additional spectra have been studied and numerous extended analyses have been published that supersede the material contained in Circular 467. A bibliography in the National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 306, Sections 1

to 4 (1968-1969), provides later reference material on individual spectra. It will be some years, however, before the entire

set of Volumes will be superseded. The existing supply of these books is low. In order to meet the steady flow of requests,

it has been decided to reissue the three Volumes as part of the National Standard Reference Data System. They are reprinted

here as NSRDS-NBS 35, Volumes I, II, III. The first Volume, issued in 1952, is in great demand, and more seriously in need of extensive revision than are the

others. As new analyses appear for spectra of the lighter elements, the lists of revised energy levels, together with revised

Multiplet Tables, are being published by the National Bureau of Standards under the title “Selected Tables of Atomic Spectra,

Atomic Energy Levels and Multiplet Tables,” as Sections of NSRDS-NBS 3. Section 1 contains these data for the spectra

Sill, Si hi. Si IV; Section 2 for Sii; Section 3 for Cl, C II, Cm, Civ, C V, C vi. Similar data on the nitrogen spectra of higher ionization will be presented in Section 4. A number of other spectra are partially completed for inclusion in this Series. Wherever the individual spectra in Volume I have been revised and reported in the NSRDS-NBS 3 Series, indication

of this fact is clearly stated for each spectrum, in this reprinted issue. f Readers are urged to use the revised material for the

spectra thus marked and to take note of further revisions of selected spectra as they appear in this series.

Washington, D.C.

November 30, 1970 Charlotte E. Moore

Abstract

VOLUME III. 42Mo to 57La, 72Hf to 89Ac

This series of three volumes is a critical compilation of atomic energy levels prepared at the National Bureau of Stan- dards from the analyses of optical spectra. Volume I contains data on the spectra of hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, helium,

lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sul- fur, chlorine, argon, potassium, calcium, scandium, titanium, and vanadium OH to 23V). Volume II covers the spectra of

chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, krypton, rubidium,

strontium, yttrium, zirconium, and niobium ( 24 Cr to 41Nb). Volume III includes the spectra of molybdenum, technetium,

ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, tellurium, iodine, xenon, cesium, barium, lanthanum;

hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, thallium, lead, bismuth, polonium, radon,

radium, and actinium ( 42Mo to 57La, 72Hf to 89Ac)

.

Key words: Energy levels, Mo-La; Hf-Ac.

tEDITORIAL NOTE: See revision note on pages 21, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31, 144, 147, 148, and 150# Volume I.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 75-609945
AUG 2 2 1972

165704

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE* Maurice H. Stans, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS Lewis M. Branscomb Director

ATOMIC ENERGY LEVELS

As Derived From the Analyses of Optical Spectra

Volume III

The Spectra of Molybdenum, Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium,

Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Indium, Tin, Antimony, Tellurium,

Iodine, Xenon, Cesium, Barium, Lanthanum—Hafnium, Tantalum,

Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury,

Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Radon, Radium, and Actinium

BY CHARLOTTE E. MOORE

NSRDS-NBS 35

Nat. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), 35/V.III 282 pages (Dec. 1971)

CODEN: NSRDA

Reissued December 1971

Reprint of NBS Circular 467, Volume III. See author’s note opposite title page

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

(Order by SD Catalog No. C13.48:35/V.III), Price $4.50

Stock Number 0303-0950
Preface

The present Volume, including data to December 1957, is the third of a series being prepared

at the National Bureau of Standards under a project on the compilation of atomic energy levels

derived from the analyses of optical spectra.

Volume I, published in June 1949, contains the energy levels of 206 spectra of the elements

Hydrogen through Vanadium, Z= 1 through 23. Volume II, completed in August 1952, includes

similar data for 152 spectra of the elements Chromium through Niobium, Z=24 through 41.

Volume III covers the elements Molybdenum through Lanthanum, Z=42 through 57; and

Hafnium through Actinium, Z= 72 through 89. It includes 124 spectra, and is identical in

arrangement with Volumes I and II. The form of presentation is that recommended by the

majority of interested scientists who received a questionnaire proposed by the National Research

Council Committee on Line Spectra of the Elements, when the program was started in 1946.

The manuscript has been prepared by Charlotte E. Moore under the direction of William

F. Meggers, Chief of the Spectroscopy Section of the Atomic and Radiation Physics Division.

The success of this project has depended heavily upon the cordial and continuing collaboration

of the many spectroscopists who have made an unusual effort to furnish data in advance of

publication. Their efforts together with the unfailing cooperation of the National Research

Council Committee are greatly appreciated.

Perhaps the most difficult phase of this extensive program lies ahead. The two groups of

rare-earth spectra (58 Cerium through 71 Lutetium, and 90 Thorium through 100 Fermium)

remain for Volume IV. At best, the preparation of this Volume within the next few’ 3

rears will

tax the most experienced and talented workers available. These spectra are the most intricate

and least known of atomic spectra. Consequently the type of collaboration we have enjoyed

with qualified spectroscopists in the preparation of the first three Volumes of the “Atomic

Energy Levels” series will have not only to continue but be substantially augmented if the

fourth Volume is to be brought to satisfactory fruition.

A. V. Astin, Director

Washington, D. C., July 1, 1957.

ii
Contents

Page

Preface n

Index to Spectra iv

1. Introduction vn

2. Scope of the Present Tables vn

3. Arrangement vn

4. Tables of Predicted and Observed Arrays of

Terms viii

Page

5. The Periodic Table viii 5.1 The chemical elements by atomic number—ionization potentials for spectra

of the elements H to La and Hf to Ac (table 34) viii 5.2 The chemical elements by chemical

symbol (table 35) ix

5.3 The periodic system (table 36) ix

5.4 Index—isoelectronic sequences (table

37) ix

6. References ix

7. Acknowledgments x A list of additions and corrections to Volumes I and II is appended, pages 238 to 245.

List of Tables

Table Subject Page Table Subject Page

PREDICTED TERMS predicted terms

continued

1 Mo I XII 19 Re i XXV

2 Tc i XIII 20 Os i XXVI

3 Ru i XIV 21 Ir i XXVII

4 Rh i XV 22 Pt i XXVII

5 Pd i XVI 23 Au i XXVIII

6 Ag i XVI 24 Hg i XXVIII

7 Cd i XVII 25 T1 i XXIX

8 In i XVII 26 Pb i XXIX

9 Sn i XVIII 27 Bi i XXX

10 Sb i XVIII 28 Po I XXX

11 Te i XIX 29 At i XXXI

12 I i XIX 30 Rn i XXXI

13 Xe i XX 31 Ra i XXXII

14 Ba i XX 32 Ac i XXXII

15 La i XXI 33 References to Rare-Earth Spectra XXXIII

** 34 Ionization Potentials XXXIV

16 Hf i XXII 35 Chemical Symbols XXXVI

17 Ta i XXIII 36 The Periodic System XXXVII

18 W i XXIV 37 Index—Isoelectronic Sequences XXXVIII

** The two groups of rare-earth spectra, Ce to Lu (Z= 58 to 71) and Th to Fm (Z=90 to 100) will be included in Vol. IV. See references to these spectra in Table 33.

in
Index to Spectra

Element Z Spectrum Page

Molybdenum 42 Mo i 1 Mo ii 7 Mo hi 11

Mo iv 12

Mo v 13

Mo vi 14

Mo vn 15

Mo viii 15

Mo xvi 16

Technetium 43 Tci 17

Tc ii 19

Ruthenium 44 Ru i 20

Ru ii 25

Ru hi 28

Rhodium 45 Rh i 29

Rh ii 32

Rh hi 34

Palladium 46 Pdi 38

Pd ii 41

Pd hi 44

Pd xvm 47

Pd xx 47

Silver 47 Agi 48

Ag ti ^ 50

Ag hi 52

Ag xix 54

Ag xxi 54

Cadmium 48 Cd i 55

Cd ii 58

Cd hi 60

Cd iv 62

Cd xx 63

Cd xxn 63

Indium 49 In i 64

In ii 67

In hi 70

In iv 71

In v 72

In xxi 73

In xxiii 73

Element Z Spectrum Page

Tin 50 Sni 74

Snu 80

Snm 82

Sn iv , 83

Snv 84

Snvi 85

Sn xxii 86

Sn xxiv 86

Antimony 51 Sbi 87

Sbn 90

Sbm 92

Sb iv 93

Sbv 94

Sbvi „ 95

Sb xxiii 95

Tellurium 52 Tei 96

Te ii 98

Te hi 100

Te iv 101

Te v 102

Te vi 103

Te vn 104

Iodine 53 Ii 105

I ii 108

I hi 110

I iv 111

I vi 111

I vii 112

I viii 112

Xenon 54 Xe i 113

Xe ii 118

Xe hi 120

Xe iv 123

Cesium 55 Csi 124

Cs ii 128

Cs hi 130

Barium 56 Bai 131

Ba ii 134

Ba iv 135

Lanthanum 57 La i 136

La ii 139

La hi 142

Literature References to Rare-Earth Spectra xxxiii

iv
Index to Spectra—Continued

Element Z Spectrum Page Element Z Spectrum Page

Hafnium 72 Hf i 143 Thallium 81 Tii 202

Hf ii 146 Tin 204

T1 hi 206

Tantalum 73 Ta i 149 T1 iv 207

Ta ii 154

Lead 82 Pb i 208

Tungsten 74 W i W ii 156

161

Pb ii Pb iii_211

__ __ 213

Pb iv _ _ 215

Rhenium 75 Re i 164 Pb v 217

Re ii 168 Bismuth 83 Bi i 219

Osmium 76 Os i Os ii 171

176

Bi ii Bi hi . _ Bi iv221

222

223

Iridium 77 In 177

Bi v _____

Bi vi

224

225

Platinum 78 Pt i 181 Polonium 84 Po I 227

Pt ii 183

Radon 86 Rn i 228

Gold 79 Au i 186 Rn ii 230

Au ii 189 Radium 88 Ra i_ 231

Mercury 80 Hg i 191

Ra ii 233

Hg ii 196 Actinium 89 Ac i_ 234

Hg hi 198 Ac ii _ 235

Hg iv 200 Ac iii_ _ 237

V
.

.
1.

Introduction

The present Volume is the third of a series being prepared at the National Bureau of Standards in continuation

of a project started in 1946. At that time the National

Research Council Committee on Line Spectra of the

Elements met to discuss details regarding the preparation,

in the Spectroscopy Section of this Bure.au, of a critical compendium of Atomic Energy Levels. The need for

such a program was stressed because Bacher and Goudsmit

did not contemplate revising their very useful book on

“Atomic Energy States as Derived from the Analyses of

Optical Spectra,” published in 1932. The demand for

these Volumes has abundantly justified the need anticipated by the Committee in formulating and supporting

this extensive project.

2.

Scope of the Present Tables

This Volume covers the elements Mo to La (Z=42

to 57) and Hf to Ac (Z=72 to 89), thus completing the

Periodic Table except for the two groups of rare-earth

elements, which will comprise Volume IV. Pending the

completion of Volume IV, which is by far the most difficult of all, a current list of references to analyses of rare-earth

spectra is included here in Table 33, p. xxxm.

In spite of requests to increase the scope of the tables

it has been decided to retain the general format of Volumes

I and II throughout.

As the atomic number increases, the spectra become

more complex. Because of configuration-interaction and

breakdown of LS-coupling it is increasingly difficult to make term -designation assignments that are significant.

Consequently, the present Volume has many more miscellaneous levels than are found among spectra of lighter

elements. It is hoped that this compendium will provide

useful data for workers interested in future studies of the

general problems of configuration-interaction and coupling, even though many of the spectra are incompletely

analyzed.

The important subject of hyperfine structure is handled

only by general references to bibliographies on the subject.

In the present Volume the publications by Walchli [1]

1 and by Klinkenberg [2] replace the earlier bibliographies

by Mack [3] and by Meggers [4] for many spectra. In

addition, selected papers are listed for a very few spectra,

particularly if they do not appear in current bibliographies

summarizing hyperfine-structure data. Workers in this

field will find these Volumes seriously inadequate.

Since these tables do not include the lists of observed

spectral lines from which the atomic energy levels are derived, the users must consult the individual papers on

the analyses of the separate spectra for wavelengths,

intensities, and line classifications. This difficulty is being

handled, in part, by the preparation of “An Ultraviolet

Multiplet Table” [5] for selected spectra. Each Volume

of “Atomic Energy Levels” is accompanied by a Section

of the Ultraviolet Multiplet Table covering the same

range of elements. Section 3 of this Table is now in course of preparation. For multiplet data on individual

spectra in the wavelength range longer than 3000A the

“Revised Multiplet Table” [6] will suffice to some extent. A revision of this 1945 edition is in course of preparation.

Urgent requests for Grotrian Diagrams to accompany

these tables have been met in part by the preparation of

selected Partial Grotrian Diagrams of Astrophysical

Interest, accompanied by tables of related lines in individual spectra of the isoelectronic sequences represented

b3r the diagrams [7].

3.

Arrangement

The arrangement of the data in the various columns of

the table, and the notation are described in detail in

Volume I, and will not be repeated here, since the same

style has been followed throughout. In general, all levels

of the “odd” type are printed in italics. The letters in parentheses following the literature refer- ences have the following meaning:

I P Ionization potential.

T Terms.

C L Classified lines.

1 Figures in brackets indicate literature references on p. ix.

G D Grotrian diagram.

ED Energy diagram.

ZE Zeeman effect. I S Isotope shift. hfs Hyperfine structure. These letters describe briefly the scope and content of the

paper. If no such letters follow a reference, the paper is mentioned in the text for the spectrum in question. For

example, in general no letter accompanies references to theoretical papers.

VII
4. Tables of Predicted and Observed Arrays of Terms

As in the preceding Volumes, for complex spectra whose

analyses are not seriously incomplete, arrays of observed

terms follow the individual listings of atomic energy levels

in the table. Similar, but more extensive, arrays of terms

predicted by theory for spectra of the different isoelectronic

sequences are included in Tables 1 to 32 (pages xn to xxxn) as follows:

Table Sequence Table Sequence Table Sequence Table Sequence

1 Mo i 9 Sn i 17 Ta i 25 T1 i 2 Tc i 10 Sb i 18 W i 26 Pb i 3 Ru i 11 Te i 19 Re i 27 Bi i 4 Rh i 12 I i 20 Os i 28 Po i 5 Pd i 13 Xe i 21 Ir i 29 At i 6 Ag i 14 Ba i 22 Pt i 30 Rn i 7 Cd i 15 La 23 Au i 31 Ra i 8 In i 16 Hf i 24 Hg i 32 Ac i

Leaders indicate that predicted terms from additional

electrons have been omitted.

For the Xe i and Rn i sequences the tables give predicted terms (LS'-coupling) and predicted pairs of levels

(J7-coupling) , as has been done for the preceding spectra

of the inert-gas type. The pair-coupling notation in the

general form suggested by Racah [8] has been adopted as

before, to take into account the departure from LS-coupling.

In the arrays of predicted terms the order follows in a general way that of the limit terms of the first spectrum

of the sequence. Consequently, in successive Volumes

the arrays are not identically arranged, since different

configurations and limit-terms predominate as Z increases.

Predicted terms in configurations involving equivalent

electrons are summarized in a number of general references

to atomic spectra. [9]

5. The Periodic Table

5.1 The Chemical Elements by Atomic Number; Ionization Potentials (Table 34)

Requests for ionization potentials have exceeded all others for data in these Volumes. A number of those

published in Volumes I and II have subsequently been

revised. Ionization potentials for all spectra in Volumes

I, II, and III, so far as known, are listed in Table 34,

which supersedes those published earlier. Column one

gives the atomic number Z; column two the chemical

symbol of the element. Successive columns contain the

ionization potentials of the atoms or ions in successive

stages of ionization, i denoting first spectra (neutral

atoms) ; n, second spectra (singly ionized atoms) ; etc. Throughout these Volumes the ionization potentials

are derived by multiplying the limit in cm-1 (K) by the

conversion factor 0.00012395, to express it in electron

volts. This factor was recommended by Birge in 1941 [10]

and adopted by the Joint Commission for Spectroscopy

in 1953 “to conform to the standard book ‘Atomic Energy

Levels’. With the 1951 values of h, c, and e the value for

Xo is between 12396 and 12397”. [11, 12]

The writer takes this opportunity to point out that she

misquoted the limits for the spectra of the C i and N i sequences in Volume I. The resulting corrected ionization potentials are included both in Table 34 and in the

list of corrections facing blank page 238.

Although series are not known for all the listed spectra

of a given stage of ionization in the respective periods of

the Periodic Table, yet it is possible to derive fairly reliable

limits in cases where well established series are known for

neighboring spectra. Russell has discussed this for the

group of second spectra from Ca to Zn [13]. Similarly,

Catalan and Velasco [14] have determined limits and

ionization potentials for the first, second, and third spectra

of the iron group. Catalan and Rico give similar data for

the first and second spectra of the palladium group [15]. Rico has generously furnished revised values for the

second spectra of this group, and for the third spectra

Y hi to In hi, in advance of publication [ 16]. From a study of screening constants, Finkelnburg and

Humbach have interpolated ionization potentials for the

entire periodic table [17].

VIII
5.2

The Chemical Elements by Chemical Symbol

(Table 35)

For convenience of cross reference, the chemical ele- ments are listed in Table 35 in the alphabetical order of

the chemical symbol. This Table is identical in form

with Table 24 in Volume I, and Table 19 of Volume II. It includes the four additional elements, 99 Einsteinium,

100 Fermium, 101 Mendelevium, and 102 Nobelium,

whose names have been adopted by the International

Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Commission on Nomenclature (Section of Inorganic Chemistry).

5.3

The Periodic System (Table 36)

Table 36 is identical in form with Table 25 of Volume I and Table 20 of Volume II. The general arrangement is similar to that given by Condon and Shortley on page 333

of “ The Theory oj Atomic Spectra” [18].

5.4

Index—Isoelectronic Sequences (Table 37)

This table is the index to the data in Volume III, i. e., the spectra from Mo through La and Hf through Ac,

arranged similarly to the indices for Volumes I and II.

Column I gives the atomic number Z followed by the

chemical symbol under the heading “Element.” The

remaining columns indicate the successive stages of ionization under the general heading “Spectrum,” i denoting

first spectra (neutral atoms), n second spectra (singlyionized atoms), hi third spectra, etc. The numbers in

the body of the table indicate the page on which the data

for the individual spectra may be found.

In this table, isoelectronic spectra appear on the

diagonals. Alternate diagonals are printed in bold face

type to emphasize the spectra of each sequence. Blanks

occur for spectra in which structure is not yet known.

No isoelectronic sequences are carried into the rare- earth groups of spectra in this Volume, but they will be

continued in Volume IV for the two groups of spectra of

elements with Z]> 57 and Z!>89, respectively. The

isoelectronic sequences in this part of the periodic table

are, in general, very short. Those started but not completed in Volume III are as follows:

Sequence Spectrum Sequence Spectrum

Cs i Ce iv Fr i Th iv Ba i Ce hi Ra i Th hi

La i Ce ii Ac i Th ii

6. References

[1] H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge

Nat. Lab., ORNL—1469, 134pp. (1953); Suppl. II (Physics),

43 pp. (1955).

[2] P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63-73 (April

1952).

[3] J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64—76 (January 1950).

[4] W. F. Meggers, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 36, 431-448 (August 1946).

[5] C. E. Moore, Circ. Nat. Bur. Std. 488, Section 1, H to V (1950) ; Section 2, Cr to Nb (1952); Section 3, Mo to La and Hf to Ac, in press (1958).

[6] C. E. Moore, Princeton Univ. Obs. Contr. No. 20 (1945).

[7] P. W. Merrill, Lines of the Chemical Elements in Astronomical

Spectra, Appendix A, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 610,

103-165 (1956).

[8] G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).

[9] H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 29, 782 (1927); R. C. Gibbs, D. T.

Wilber, and H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 29 , 790 (1927); R. F. Bacher and S. Goudsmit, Atomic Energy States, p. 10 (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York and London,

1932) ; F. Hund, Linienspektren und Periodisches System der Elemente (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1927); C. L. B. Shudeman,

J. Franklin Inst. 224, 501 (1937) (Terms from equivalent

g-, h-, and i-electrons)

.

[10] R. T. Birge, Rev. Mod. Phys. 13, No. 4, 237 (1941).

[11] Trans. Joint Commission for Spectroscopy, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43 , 412 (1953).

[12] The writer used the factor 0.00012345 in preparing the multiplet tables, which explains the discrepancies between the

ionization potentials quoted in the Multiplet Tables [5,6] and those used in these Volumes.

[13] H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 618, 1950.

[14] M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y

Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 247 (1952).

[15] M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica

(Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952).

[16] F. R. Rico, unpublished material (December 1956); M. A. Catal&n y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica v Quimica

(Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957).

[17] W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955).

[18] E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra,

(The University Press, Cambridge, England; The Macmillan

Co., N. Y., corrected edition, 1951).

IX
7. Acknowledgments

The present Volume could not have been prepared

without unrelenting effort on the part of spectroscopists at home and abroad. At the National Bureau of Standards,

W. F. Meggers, Chief of the Spectroscopy Section and

Chairman of the National Research Council Committee

on Line Spectra of the Elements, has given generously of

his time and expert advice on numerous difficult questions,

and has painstakingly supervised the work throughout.

He, with the assistance of his coworkers, has contributed

unpublished analyses for more spectra than any other

single individual, 13 spectra in all. C. C. Kiess has likewise arranged his entire schedule to fit into this program.

The unpublished data from him and his colleagues on six

complex spectra, have greatly enhanced the value of this

Volume. His spectra start Volume III (Mo i and Mo n)

as was the case with Volume II (Cr i and Cr n). Many

helpful suggestions from the standpoint of theory have

been made by R. E. Trees. K. Kessler with the assistance

of the computational laboratory has carried out work on

several spectra with the digital computer. Much of the

observing on t in' above programs has been done by C. H.

Corliss and W. R. Bozman. All members of the Spectroscopy Section have been most willing collaborators.

At Princeton, A. G. Shenstono has arranged his entire

research program to supply data for this Volume. Except

for his splendid work, a number of spectra would have

been seriously incomplete. The late H. N. Russell also

continued to take a keen interest in the work until the

time of his death.

At. the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, J. R. McNally,

Jr., P. M .Griffin, and others have cooperated, as have also M.

Fred and F. S. Tomkins at Argonne National Laboratory.

J. E. Mack and his staff, and D. D. Laun in Wisconsin,

C. J. Humphreys in Corona, Calif., and R. A. Fisher at Northwestern University have been cordial collaborators.

The response from abroad has also been gratifying. In

Madrid, the late M. A. Catalan and his entire staff spared no effort, in furnishing analyses especially for inclusion

here. In Amsterdam, P. F. A. Klinkenberg and J. C. van den Bosch and their students have been very cooperative. G. Racah, in Jerusalem, has been a valuable consultant. R. F. Barrow and H. C. Rowlinson in England;

B. Edl6n in Sweden; and a group from Canada, A. M.

Crooker, R. Nodwell, J. N. P. Hume, and M. F. Crawford

have all provided unpublished data.

The writer is deeply indebted to these many contributors, but the users of this Volume, who will have the lasting

benefit of this collaboration, are perhaps more deeply

indebted. It is sincerely hoped that equally generous

support will continue throughout the preparation of Volume IV, which will include the most difficult of all atomic

spectra, namely those of the rare-earths.

The services of many experts are required to publish

these data. Miss Sarah A. Jones, the Librarian of the

Bureau, and her staff, have handled most efficiently the numerous requests for literature references. The splendid

work of J. L. Mathusa and the staff in the Publications

Section of the Bureau, on the details of publishing these

complex tables, has attracted the attention of many users.

J. E. Carpenter has been a most helpful consultant.

Special thanks are due also to Mrs. Betty L. Arnold whose

competence in handling the publication details has been

invaluable. The personnel in the Government Printing

Office have also been most cooperative. Mrs. Isabel D.

Murray has provided competent technical assistance

throughout the work.

The writer takes great pleasure in recording here her

appreciation of all the generous assistance she has received.

The most lasting pleasure comes from the willingness of so many to contribute unselfishly to these Volumes.

x
Tables

Prediel (>d Terms: Mo i to La i

1 1 f i to Ac i

References to Rare-Earth Spectra

Ionization Potentials

Chemical Symbols

The Periodic System

Index I soel cctronio Sequences
Table 1. Predicted Terms of the Mo i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

0 3s2 Jp6 3c?i° 4s2 4p6 +

Predicted Terms

4d* 5s

2

l*s

3P

3P

5 D

3 D

iD

4 D

3F

3F

ip

3 G

»G

•G

3H

il

4d9

l‘S

3 p

3P

6 D

3 D

4 D

4 D

3F3F

ip

3 G

iG

iG

3H

11

ns (w>5) np (n>5) nd (n > 5)

4d5

(

6S)nx ps

1

5 S

7 po

spo

7 D

5 D

4

4 5s(6D)nx

7 D

6D

7p°

spo 7D°

5D°

7po

5p°

7 S

5 S

7P*p

7D

5D

7 F

sp

7 G

5 G

4d5

(

4 G) nx ®G

3G

5po

3p°

5 G°

3 G°

5H°

3 H°

5 D

3 D

5 F

3F

5 G

3G

5H

3 H

4c?5 (

4 P)na;

5 P

*P

5 S°

3S° 5p°

3p°

5 D°

3 D°

5 p

sp

5D

3D

sp

3 F

4c?5

(

4 D)nz

6 D

3 D

5p°

3po

5 D°

3 D°

5p°

3po

5S

3 S

5P

3 P

5D

3 D

sf

3F

5 G

3G

4c?5

(2 D) nx *D

4 D

3p°

ipo

3D°

iD°

3p°

ipo

3 S

IS

3 p

ip

3D

iD

3F

iF

3G

iG

4db (?l)nx

«I

11 3H°

>H°

3 I° 3 K°

ip ip®

3G

iG

3H

iH

4c?5

(

4 F)na; 6F»F

5 D°

3D°

5p°

3p°

5 G°

3 G°

sp

3 P

5D

3D

5p

3F

5 G

3G

5H

®H

4c?4 5s(4 D)na;

{

5 D

3D

5p°

3p°

5 D°

3D°

5p°

3p°

5 s

3 S

sp

3p

5 D

3D

sp

3F

5 G

3G

4c?5

(

2 F)n£

{ *F

ip

3D°

iD°

3po

ipo

3 G°

iG°

3 p

ip

3 D

iD

3F

IF 3GiG

3 H

iH

4c?4 5s(4 H)wa;

{

®H

3H

5 G°

3 G°

6 H°

3H°

6J° 3J° sf

3F

5 G

3G

5H

3 H

4db

(

2 G)nx

{

*G

4 G

3po

ipo

3 G°

iG°

3H°

iH°

3D

iD

3F

iF

3G

iG

3H

iH

4c?

4 5s(4 P)nrc

{

5P

jp

5 S°

3S° 5p°

spo 5D°

3D°

spsp5D

3D

sp3F

4d5

(

2 F)nx

{ *F

iF

3D°

iD°

3p°

ipo

3 G°

iG°

sp

ip

3 D

iD

3F

iF

3G

iG

3H

iH

4c?5

(

2 H)wx

{

»H

iH

3 G°

iG°

3H° iH°

3J°

11° 3F

iF

3G

iG

3H

iH

4c?

4 5s (4 F)nx

{

8 F

*F

5 D°

3 D

° CO

Cn O

O 5G°

3 G°

sp

sp

5D

3 D

5p

3F

5 G

3G

5H

3 H

4c?5

(

2 S) nx

J*S VS

3p°

ipo

3 D

iD

4c?4 5s(4 G)nar

{

5 G

*G

5p°

3p°

5 G°

3 G°

5H°

3H°

5 D

3 D

SF3F

5 G

3G

5H

3 H

4c?

4 5s(2 P)nx

{ »P

IP

3g°

1S° 3p°

ipo

3D°

iD°

sp

ip

3 D

iD

3F

iF

4d5

(

2 T))nx

{

*D

»D

3p°

ipo

»D°

iD°

3po

ipo

3 S

IS sp

ip

3D

iD

3F

iF

3G

iG

4c?

4 5s(2 H)nx

{

3H

iH

3 G°

iG°

3H°

iH°

3 J°

11° 3F

iF

3G

iG

3H

iH

4c?4 5s(4 D)n#

{

5 D

*D

5p°

3p°

5 D°

3D°

5po

3po

5s

3 S

5 P

sp

5D

3 D

sp

3F

5 G

3G

5 I

31 3K sl

T Tv 4 L

51 5K

31 3K

31

II

31 3 K

II IK

5 I

31

31 3K

T *K

XII
Table

2.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Tci

Isoelectronic

Sequence

a> H

3

o

t. P

+

- P

geo

s3 CO 3 a_N bC!N^

in “

C %2

O <N o« «

w w

ooo ^ o n n n PPP P P

QQPQ ^ C* W « QQC* C«

Pi Pi Pi Pi m m

"3

"f *«

•<f

toAls

MM

HH HH HiHH HH HH

CO >*• MW WW ww WWCO -

toAl OOCO IT OO OO-«• es oo OOco -«• oo

s

s

Pi Pi PP P P P P PP-e e* PPCO 'C p p

QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ* e* QQ QQ QQ

PP PP PP PP

mmCO ^

op a

:

0 0 HH HH ^ c*

o o ww

o o wwO O WW

O O OO

o o oo

o o ooO 0 oo

LOAleV—

/

o o o o &H pH

o o fefa

o o 0 O fefe

R.

Si QQ QQ PP QQcq oo oo oo oo

Pi Pi Plpl Pi Pi Pi Pi ® CO

o o Pi Pi

ww

oocq ooco ^

Pi Pi

QP QQ

Pi Pi

K

S

CQ

«3 CO

to"SIf ta

GO

to05 tO

If

Pi

'tJ tf

Pi

T3

Tf

H

SW

'ts tf

H

eO

O

OB iO

«oT3

-f

Q

•OAl

C55 si

IfAlg

WWo oo oo oo

Pi Pi

co ^ QQCO ^

o o WWco

o o oo

O O 0 0 o o PiPi PiPi PiPi

00 40 cc ^ O »

o o QQ

o o PiPi

to -*

02

>

' os 13T3 Tf 'f

02

tooo tO'e

xin
Table

3:

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Rui

Isoelectronic

Sequence

Eh

73

a. co

.2g%co +J

O *6073 o ^ M

o g oo

e eee

P«-• Qfi O CO RO•"-<

PM PM PM & znm

iOAl8

EE vy y >HH HH EE

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE

S'

Al OO oo OO oo OO oo OO OO OO OO OO

^8

738

E E?

pM E E Pm Pm Pm

CO h E E Pm E E Pm EE EE EE Pm Pm Pi E E E E E

PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP

EE»o CO EE EE EE PM PM

CO r-t EE PM PM EE PM PM

coco aoao GO ZO

O O hH HH

o o

HH hH

»o CO O O H hH

O O EE

O O EE

O O EEO O EE

O O hH HH

Jo it

-1

O O OOo o oo

O O OOo o oo

o o OO O O OO

O O OOo o oo

S'

Al

^8

o o Pm fa

O O

o o Ph pR

O O Pm Eo o o o E^Eh

o o Pm Pmo o EE

a

8

PP PP PP PP PP GG PP PP PP

o o o o f^Pn

IO

o o EE O O E PMo o ph£h

o o Pm PM

»o CO

KM !E E! OO OO

E E E E E E

GO QQ PG

EH EE E E

E P-l

73 73

Tt<

H

sO

sE

73 P E

73

p

cc iO73

H

8

e

H

8

E

V> IO73

H H

8 £ 8 E S o

<*> co <n »o to id

«o 73 73

H

8E

CO »o

XIV
ao

Z.aPo

a

OQ

a5fa

2

a

aH

ea

o

3

aa

fa

aa

a

•<

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

II II 1 1 1 II II

JH aas* cs a aa© -S" oo o O OO

S'

Al

•s* cs cs cs © •*

fafa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa ^ N cs w © 'T T38 QQcs ^QQcs Qcs "Q Q QQ" " QQ

fafa fafa fa fafa fafa s cs Cs © -s< m

CQa

<5 H

0a

S3

-4-3 OO o OO .2 cs © -s- T3

HIJh PU S fafa fa fa fa fa Al es © -S' 8

O 0 0 0 O O O O 0 8 QQcs QQs* cs Qcs QQ" - ©QQ-sO O O O O O fafa fa fa fafa

s« CS cs es © -S"

O O 0 0 mm mm

aNo O Cl cs

fa fa S' fa fa fa fa Al S' cs © 8

Q QQ Q Cs N 8

fafa fafa fafa

S' cs mes

J&t 4d (

e

^

a q«

M'S, 2 g H § fa fa % Ph fa O Q m oo 00

<a«N'« iO CO o% n ^3 *53

CD OD"e %

CO *53 U ’“• la. •S' sf •S' •S' •S' •S' •S' •S' •S' CO

XV
Table 5. Predicted Terms of the Pd i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p° 3s2 3p

B 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 +

Predicted Terms

4d

10 »S

4d

8 5s2 {

3 P

iD

3 F

3 G

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5)

4d9

(

2 D)nx

{

3 D

*D

3po

ipo

3D°

iD° *3*3 o

o

4d

8 5s(4 F)nx'

{

5 F

3 F

5D°

3 D°

sF

°

3F

°

6 G°

3 G°

4d

4 5s(2 F)nx"

{

3 F

1 F

3 D°

1 D°

o

o

3 G°

»G°

nd (n > 5) nf (w>4)

4d9

(

2 D)nx /

3 S 3p 3 D 3 F 3 G 3p° 3D° 3 F

° 3 G° 3 H°

l »s !P iD ip >G ipo iD° 1 F

° 1 G° 1 H°

4ds 5s (4 F) nx' /

5 P 3 D 5 F 5 G 3 H 5S° 5p° 5D° 5 F

° 3 G° 5 H° 5I° \ 3p 3 D 3 F 3 G 3 FI 3S° 3p° 3D° 3 F

° 3 G°* 3 H° 3 I°

4d8 5s(2 F)nx" r 3p 3 D 3 F 3 G 3 H 3 S° 3p° 3 D° 3 F

° 3 G° 3 H° 3J° i !P iD iF iG iH i S

° ipo iD° 1 F

° 1 G° 1 H° 11°

Table 6. Predicted Terms of the Ag i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p«+

Predicted Terms

4d

9 5s2

4d10

(

1 S)nx

4d9 5s(3 D)nx'

4d

9 5s(1 D)nx,/

4d10

(

1 S)nx

4d9 5s(3 D)nx'

4d9 5s(1 D)nx"

2 D

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (n>5)

2 S

/

4 D

\

2 D

2 D

2p°

<p° 4J)° 4 F

°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F°

2 D

4S 4 P 4 D 4 F 4 G

2 S2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G

2 S2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G

nf (n> 4) ng (n> 5)

2 F

°

( <p° 4 F

° 4QO 4JJO

2 po 2 J)o 2 F° 2Q° 2 JJ°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F° 2 G° 2 H°

2 G

4 F> 4 F 4 G 4 H 4 I

2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H 2 I

2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H 2 I

XVI
Table

7.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Cdi

Isoelectronic

Sequence HO£

63Pa

63 go

63

33Eh

6hOma«

63 Ho

63E<OMQ

63«

Ph

63P

ffl <

Eh

T30

T3

0)Fh Ph Q

P-t P-t Ph Ph m go o o Wffl

Cl Owc*

u?

Alg O o o oo oo V—/ w

CSJ 8 o o PhPh

cs oPhcq

oo O

Al£ o

Ph

e* 0 >

pp 0 o o PhPh

cs O

c?

Al8s-/ 0 o o QQ o0

-O8 O O Ph Ph oPh

CS

PQ QC<l S'

Al^5 0£h 00 Ph«

GOGO GO

«oAl8 o o o PhPh Ph

GO

*8

ri

M243 CO 3

os « "e

£3 4?^ E3 CO ^ be® a. cc 8.4m O « <0 o<n^

8. lO § o0 O0

go

M

w 8. go 8 'a

iO lO lO

C4CO 03 8. % 03 03 lO *o iO *o IQ O

XVII
Table

9.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Sni

Isoelectronic

Sequence

faO

fa£>a

fa co

.QCO

faK

Eh

faOs

05

fa HQ

fa

EhOs

fa

05 Ph

fa

fam<H

T3

Ph PhPh Ph

CO CO

HfAl£

ioAl£

COAl

^£A£

coAl£ o o o oo o o o o o

Ph Ph Pp Ph o o o QQ QO

Ph Ph Efa QQ^ « Qei Qw

Ph Ph Ph ^ m «

GO o o o QQ Q o o o o Ph Ph Ph Ph

ei ei

m

PhPh

CO

"eco a® , o a.+

'43 co s

fa TjH o co bO® fv

s.4h Oei co

a. lO a.

io

PP

a. io

a. iO

a. »o

a.

IO

XVIII
Table

11.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Tei

Isoelectronic

Sequence

a> H

T3©

Ph o o AhPh m

Al8

50Al3,

55. 8

Ai8

XXeo « oo oo

fefe P=<fc PtiflH

*o « co fl co ** qg «q

PhOh o o ooCOo o o o

CO -H s

Al3 o o QQ o o QQ O O QQ

"538 o o £<Ph o o OhPh o o mmCO «

OQ QQ o o QQ o o

Oh P_ o o COCO MS CO

,+

o”"®

<aco®

5. o 5. 355,^

bpCM « 8oOQ

"h8oQci 8oPi

C4

CO CI3 _ «0 eo^ a. °la. Is. 55, lO iO »o iO lO O N a O ei, ^ % OQ *05 woo

05 ai& *0 ic iO lO iO HO&H3

GfH

<72 aHQaHoI—I oaa

P-l aaa<

Eh

©

Eh

T3©a

Ph

A+ S eo 2

.2 « -o

-a « ^ cS C3 3 °?. 55. 5o<^ «« « §^rH CO iiiiii

11 1 1 II

II 1 1 II II 1 1 II II 1 1 II II 1 1 II II 1 1 II

hH O 0 hH bj-4 hH hH X XX S

Al o o £ OO'T CM o OCM oo-o CM

Cjs 8 o o pH P P QoX o o o oo o OO S J «

Al o o o O 8 fcpL, P=< h PP

v?8 o o o QG G CG oPHo o o

P=Hfe PP s « r —i Al O O

,8, QQ Q Q QQ

"e8 n o PhP< PhPh

02Oh

S'

Al QQ G QQ

.8. o o O o 8 PHC3 P< P, P,P o o OQOQ 7222 G

S'Al o o ^8 P^Ph PPh

GO8 02

55. lO

55. iO

55. iO55. lO55. iO

55.

XIX
Table 13. Predicted Levels of the Xei Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s2 4p® 4rfio_j_

5s2 5

p®

5s2 5p6 (

2 P°)na;

5s 5p®(2 S)na;'

iS

ns (n> 6) np (n >6) nd ( n>5) nf (n> 4)

/

3 P° 3S 3 P 3 D 3 P° 3 D° 3 F° 3 D 3 F 3 G

l >P° «S ‘P *D ip° l D

o i Fo iD iF »G

/

3 S 3p° 3 D 3p°

l »s ipo >D iF°

JZ-Coupling Notation

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3 p« 3d10 4s2 4p® 4

,0 +

Predicted Pairs

ns (n >6) np (n>6) nd (n >5) nf (n> 4)

5s2 5ps

(

2 Pf*)n:r [1H1° [034] [oy2 ]° [134] [234] [3341° [4341

[134] [134]° [234] [234]° [334]

5s2 5p®(2 PS>*)nx' is; o © [134] [2341° [334] [034] [134]° [2>4]

Table 14. Predicted Terms of the Ba i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4p® 4d10 5s2 5p®+

Predicted Terms

6s

2

5d

2

6p

2

4/2

6s(2 S)ruc

5d(2 D)nx'

6p(2 P

0)nx"

6s(2S)na;

5d(2 D)nz'

6p(2 P°)ntf"

*S

/

3 P *F

\‘S iD »G

/

3 P

\>S >D

/

8 P 3 F *H

l‘S «D »G »I

ns (n> 6) np (n> 6) nd (n>5)

/

3 S Vs

f *D

l ‘D

/

3 P°

\ »P°

3po

ipo

jp° 3£)0 sf°

ip° ij) 0 ip®

3 S8 P *D

»S >P »D

8 D

»D

8 S

8 P 8 D 8 F 3 G

iS ip iD »F »G

sp° !po jpo

ip° id° , F°

nf (n>4) ng (n> 5)

/ *F°

1 iF°

/

3 P° 3 D° *F° *G° *H°

\ ipo i j)° if0 iG° J H°

/

8 D 3 F 3 G

l »D »F >G

8 G

iG

*D »F 8 G 3H 8 I iD >F 'G »H »I *F° 3G° 3 H°

ip0 »G° 1 H°

XX
Table 15. Predicted Terms of the La i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2pfl 3s2 3p

8 3d10 4s2 4p6 4<? 10 5s2 5p6 +

Predicted Terms

5c? 6s2

( 4 P

2 D

4 F

5 c?3 2p 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H

l

2 D

ns (n >6) np (n >6)

5c?2

( 3 F)nx

{

4 F

2 F

4 D°

2 D°

O

O o oo o

5c? 6s(*D)rx 2 D 2 p° 2 D° 2p°

5c? 6s(3 D)?i.r {

4 D

2 D

4 po

2 po

4 D°

2 D°

o

o

Pm

Pm

5c? 2 (

3 P) nx

{ s

4 S° 4 P°

2 S° 2 P°

4 D°

2 D°

6s2

(

! S)nx 2 S2 po

5d2

(

1 G)«z 2 G

2po 2 G° 2 H°

5c?2

(

4 D)nx 2 D 2 po 2 D° 2p°

nd (

n

>5)

5c?2

(3 F) nx

{

4 P

2 P

4 D

2 D

4 F

2 F

4 G

2 G

4 H

2 H

o

o oo

PmP< 4 D°

2 D°

O

O

pM

pM

4 G°

2 G°

4 H

2 H

5c? 6s(l D)nx 2 S

2 p 2 D 2p 2 G 2 po 2 D° 2 po 2 G° 2 H

5d 6s(3 D)nx

{ i

4 p

2 P

4 D

2 D

4p

2 F

4 G

2 G

4p0

2 po

4 D°

2 D°

4po

2p°

4 G°

2 G°

4 H

2 H

5c?2 (

3 P) nx

{

4 P

2 P

4 D

2 D

4p

2 F

4 D°

2 D°

4p°

2 po

4 G°

2 G°

6s2

(

1 S)/?x 2 D 2 po

5c?2 (*G)nx 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H 2 I

2 po 2 D° 2 po 2 G° 2 H

5c?2

(

J D) nx 2 S 2 p 2 D 2p 2 G 2 po 2 D° 2 po 2 G° 2 H

nf (» > 4)

4 jc

2I

C

2 I° 2 K°

XXI
Table

1

G.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Hfi

Isoelectronic

Sequence

a oCO oo»-H *-<

pM pH 0 90 00

Ph PhPh

zn

COAl

£

COAl

ft. £

COAl£

KKv© CO 00 00 *o eo to *-« 00 00

OO go oo go OO go go oo OO

0 0 0 0 0 ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ph Ph

vft to 0 0 00 0 ^ 0

^ 0 0 0 0

00 00 09 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 09 QQCO *- 00 00 00 00 00 Ph Pm

vo CO 00 Pi Ph 00 PuPh

co

GO CO (X X eo *-«

o o hH hH

O o 00o o 00o o 00

o o go

o o oo•o •-<

o o ootO V-H

O O OO

o o goo o oo

O O go

o o

lO CO

o o 0 0o o PhPh

•O »-4

o o 0 ^

o o o o

pH

o o 0 0

o o fe fe

O O 00

o o 09

o o 99O O 99o o 00

o o 09

o o 90

o o 00

o o 00

o o 00

o o 00

o o PhPho o CPPh

o o Ph Ph

VO CO

o o Ph Ph

o o 00

o o XX o o mm O O mmVO CO O 0 mm

WW

OO oo

00 00 00

00 00

Ph Ph Ph P-l Ph Ph Ph Ph

Ph Ph

l

+

~ ft, |»« ‘5 'ft.'Ss 03 CO M

o % - Mco

tc„ ^

C ft.2 o <N R3 o n ^CO o

<M ft,

c«

H H H H H

ft £ £

£ ft S' s Ph Q £T

CO T .< CO ©0 OO OB 00 Co CD CD CO CO CO CD % % % % R3 % tO to tO lO Id lO to

H

ft o

CO%

H

£

S'

H

£O

LO

HQ 0

%

XXII
Table

17.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Tai

Isoelectronic

Sequence

T3o

fa

hH p p

o ooo

Pi fa Pi fa fan QQ 0999

Pi Ph fa Pi

CO CO

:«

t-p- »T-< pp ffi K QQ XX pp

H-* p p QQ

o'

Als oo op pp ooCl pp O Op OO p pp p Op Op

fa 0fafa fa fa fafa fafa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ Q 99 QQ 9 Q 9 99 99

fafa fafa fafa fafa fafa fa fafa fafa P

fa p 99

CO 02 0

Q

cp

o o o o

l-p HH

o o XX

o o ppO O

ffi

o o pp

o o opo o 99

o o ooo o ooo o oo

o o oo

ooo o ooo o O o

O

Al

s: o o fa fa

o o fa fa

o o o o

Ph

o o fa fa

to -Hj>

O o o fa fa

O o o o fa fa fa fa s QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ bbto -HT Q 0Q QQ 9

q Q qq

o o fafa

o o

F—1 Ph

to ir

o o fafa

to

O

fa

o o fafa

o o p t p t o ofa

o o 9QCG

o o CG DQ

o o WU2 oCG

pp P k

oo oo

o'

Al

e. fa fa fa fa fafa fa fa 9

co£

fafa fafa QQ Q QQ

fafa

G

fa

o +

^ li. 2 fa «

co 10

c3 « R.C, C 03 2 ^ (N R,

TfH

CO%

R

SC S'

co CO ns

*o

CO%

fa

oo CO%

R H nx R R H R R

£ sc: se £

fa o

R Q Q Q c

R

fa

^—

.

co co Q co oo co oo co co Q C5 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

"S3 'X* "53 "53 %

to LQ tO LO io to LO LC lC >o to

H

eO

XXIII

5

d*@F)nx
Table

18.

Predicted

Terms

of

the W

i

Isoelectronic

Sequence

<u H

T3

<v

*H Ph

hH HH w w

o OO o OO

pH Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph PP PP PP PP

Pm Pu, PhPh

CO CO COCO

COAl

eo8

KK KMto CO KM KK Wffi

•o CO KK

COAl OOt- »o OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OOto eo ^8

"88

Ph Ph pH Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph PhPh Ph Ph pH Ph

to CO Ph Ph PP PP PP PP PPto co PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PP

PhPh

t>» ‘O Ph Ph PhPh PhPh PhPh PhPh PhPh PhPh PhPh PhPh

•O CO

coco

r~- >o COCO CO CO COCO

o o hH hH

o o KMo o KMo o ww

o o OO o o OO o o OO

o o OO o o OO O O OO

COAl o o

Ph Ph

o o o o Ph Ph

to CO

o o Ph Ph

o o Ph PhO O PhPh

CO

o o PhPho o Ph Ph

to CO

o o

p-8

o o PPo o PPO O PPO CO

O O PPto CO

O O PPo o PPo o PPo o PPO O PP»o eoo o PP

o o PhPh N Wo o PhPh

t>. to

O O PhPhO O o o PhPho o PhPho o PhPho o PhPh

o o GO GOo o mm o o mm

KM

OO OO

pH pH pH pH P=H plM Cfi PP QP PP

PL Pi PhPh PhPh

CO CO

o +

O P, co CO iO

c3 05

bC«=

«jq P-2

e. r_l Co

TJH

8

P

00 CO "8

tO

CO

"8

tO

8

Ph

CO CO

tO

H

8S

CO CO%tO

H8

P

CO CO

83

to

H

8O

73

tO

jlo

00 CD

73

tO 73

tO

Ph

CO CO

H

8

S'

00 CO

8w

CO CO8

to

s H H

8 8 8

S p Ph w vP vP % 73 % to to to

XXIV
Table

19.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Rei

Isoelectronic

Sequence

H

TJaT5 a> P

o +

10 Co

O fi. CO "43 co

ojcj 2 s-. «o r

bflo

<£3 AS

c<M"e §« ^ O

co o

<N A.

w W

ooo O

p p p _ PP COAl3

0000 PP CO£

P P PP

m

COAl

-es

COAl

5AA

H-1 HH —I h1

l—t t—

«

MW MM MM ffiffi oo oo oo oo oo oo oo

PP pp PP PP PP PP PP PP pp pp

00 00 00

PP PP

mm

P P Oh Oh Oh Oh mm mm

o o o o MM MM

o o o o o o oo oo oo

o o o o

pin pCH £h pH

o o o o QQ QC

o o Oh Oh

o o o o PP Pm Oh

o o o o pM £h pH

o o o o o o QQ qp pp

oo oo oo oo

Ph Ph PhPh Ph Ph Ph Ph

o o MM

o o oo

o o Oh Pm

oo

Oh Oh QQ

OO

PQ-r (M PPco -*« PP PP

m m

CO

^3

H

8

ffi

H

SO P CO O

MW

oo

pp pp pp pp pp pp pp pp

oo oo

o o oo

o o

Oh Oh

o o o o pp pp

o o pp

p p

XXV
Table

20.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Osi

Isoelectronic

Sequence

H

"C

w

o oo o

0 0 0 0

00 00 0

pH 0-I Ph

gogo go

Ais

00 00 00 00

50AI oo oo oo oo oo oo oo

"53S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 Er

1 0 0 0 0

00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

00 00 00 00 00 00 00

CO GO go cp GO GO

o o hH hH

o o 00o o 00

o o oo

o o ooo o opo o op

S

AI

js

O O 0 0

o o 0 0

o oPh

o o 0

Ph

o o 0 0

o o 0 0

Ph O 0 00

o o 00

o o 00

o o 00

o o 00

o o 00

o o CQo n

o o 00o o 00

o o o o 00o o 00

o o mm o o mm

oo

pH Ph Ph Ph GO QQ GQ

Ph Ph

+

1 io

"53 o

*43 CO to ^ <M '•»' u 65 r?

50 $^«2

fl <M "53 o« "t*

rtn

"eo 00

H

H H

S £

£ £ £

Ph oT W o Ph

ZLs 5ix PL*

*53 *53 *53 *53 *53 iO iO IO IO

"53 iO

0

CO 50

Tfl

XXVI
Table 21. Predicted Terms of the Ir i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 Predicted Terms

3p® 3d10 4s2 4

p

8 4d10 4 f

14 os2 5p

6 +

f

4 P 4 F

5d7 6s2 J 2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H

l

2 D

5dB 2 D

71

S

(n >6) np (n> 6) nd (n> 6)

5d8 (

3 F)nx r

4 F 4 D° 4p° 4 G° 4 P 4 D 4 F 4 G 4 H

1

2 F 2 D° 2p° 2 G° 2 p 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H

5d8 (

3 P)nx / 4p 4 S° 4 p° 4D° 4 P 4 D 4 F

l

2 p 2 S° 2 p>o 2 D° 2 p 2 D 2 F

5d8

(

1 G)nx 2 G

2po 2G° 2 H° 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H 2 I 5d8

(

1 D)nx 2 D 2po 2 D° 2p° 2 S2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G

5d

1 6s(5F)nx / «F 6D° ep° 6G° ep 6D 6 F 6 G 6 H

\

4 F 4P)° 4p° 4 G° 4P 4 D 4 F 4 G 4 H

od~ 6s(5 P)nz /

6 p 6S

° 6p° 6D° ep 6 D 6 F

l

4 p 4 S° <po 4 D° 4 P 4 D 4 F

5d~ 6s(3 F)nx r

4 F 4 D° 4 F° 4 G

° 4 P 4 D 4 F 4 G 4 H

1

2 F 2 D° 2 p° 2 G° 2 p 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H

4S° 4 po 4 E° 4 P 4 D 4 F

od‘ 6s(3 P)nx

{

2 P 2S° 2p° 2 D° 2 p 2 D 2 F

Table 22. Predicted Terms of the Pt i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2pfl 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p

e 4^10 4/14 5S2 5p6 +

Predicted Terms

5d

8 6s2

5d10

5d9

(2 D)nx

5d8 6s(4 F) 7ix'

5d

8 6s(4 P)nx"

5d

8 6s (2 F)nx"'

/

3 P 3 F

1

4 S

7 D *G

iS

ns (n> 6) np (n > 6)

/

3 D

l >D

/

5 F

l

3 F

r

3 P

1

3 P

/

3 F

l

lF

3 P° 3 D° 3 F°

ip° id° 4 F°

5 D° 5 F° 5 G°

3 D° 3 F° 3 G°

5 S° 5 P° 5 D°

3go 3po 3D°

3 D° 3 F° 3 G°

iD° iF° 2 G°

nd (n> 6) nf (n >4)

/

3 S 3 P 3 D 3 F 3 G 3p° 3D° 3p° 3QO 3J4° 5d

B (?D)nx

\

iS 4 P 4 D *F *G xpo 1D° ipo 1Q° 1J4°

r ep eD sp 5Q sH 5 S° 3 P° 5 D° 5 F° 5 G° 5 H° 5 I° 5d8 6s(4 F)nz

\ ap so 3 F 3 G 3 H

O hH O GO o o Q

o o o

o X

/ sp eD sp 5 D° 5 F° 5 G°

5d8 6s(4 P)nx"

\

3 P 3 D 3 F 3D° 2 F° 3 G°

/ ap 3D 3 F aQ m 3 g° 3 po 3 p)0 3 po 3 QO 3^0 3 J° 5d8 6s ( 2 F)nx

\ ip id if ig m Igo ipo !p)0 ipo 1 QO 1 J4

° 11 °

XXVII
Table 23. Predicted Terms of the Au i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3

p

8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p8 +

Predicted Terms

5d9 6s2

5d10 (

1 S)nx

5d9 6s(3 D)nx'

5

9 6s(1 D)nx"

5dl0 (}S)nx

5d

9 6s(3 D)nx'

5d9 6s(1 D)nx"

2 D

ns (n > 6) np (n> 6) nd (n >6)

2 S

/\

2 D

2 D

3 po

4 P° 4 D° 4 F°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F°

2 D

4 S4 P 4 D 4 F 4 G

2 S2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G

2 S 2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G

nf {n > 5) ng (n > 5)

2J'°

r 4 P° <D° <F° 4 G° 4 H°

| 2p° 2J)° 2p° 2Q.0 2

2 P° 2 D° 2 F° 2 G° 2 H°

2 G

4 D 4 F 4 G 4 H 4 I

2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H 2 I

2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H 2 I

Table 24. Predicted Terms of the Hg i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

8 32 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/» 5s2 5p*+

Predicted Terms

5

10 6s2

5d10 6p2

5d10 6d2

*S

/

3 P

\‘S iD

/

3 P 3 F

VS >D iG

5d10 6s(2 S)nx

5d9 6s2 (

2 D)nx'

5d10 6p(2 P°)nx"

ns (n> 6) np (n> 6) nd (n> 6)

f

3 S

vs

/ *D

l >D

/

3 P°

1 *P°

3po

ipo

3 po 3p)° ap°

ip° ip)o ip°

3 S3 P 3 D

iS »P J D

3 D

iD

3 S

3 P 3 D 3 F 3 G

iS ip iD iF *G

3 P° 3 D° 3 F°

ip° ip>° ip°

5d10 6s(2 S)nx

5d9 6s2 (

2 D)nx'

5d10 6p(2 P°)nx"

nf (n>5) ng in >5) nh (n> 6) - -- 1

1

/

3 F°

l

1 F°

J3p° 3p>° 3p° 3Q° 3JJO |ip° 1J)0 ipo ,QO , Ho

/

3 D 3 F 3 G

\

J D IF >G

3 G

! G

3 D 3 F 3 G 3 H 3 I iD iF iG 4 H l I 3p° 3Q° 3JJ°

1 F

0 iG° 1 H°

3 H°

1 H°

3po 3QO 3JJO 3JO 3J£° ip° iG° 1 H° J I° 1 K°

3 G 3 H 3 I

4 G m n

1 ......

,

XXVIII
Table

25.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

T1i

Isoelectronic

Sequence

iOAlS

IDAls

soAl£

Al3A£

CL P_ Oh Al

ss

CO CO

as

«DA , .2 +

o3 = ”53 L 73 ID p„CO «= W>® 55- <2 am C CO c-a O „ co U com

CO

«Da

<N

Sa, CD

5a. CO o o o kw a o o o o oo o o o o Cl Cl Cl OO O

Cl Cl Cl Cl

QQ Q O O O o o o Q QQ Q o o o PhPh Ph QQ Q

CL Ph Ph Ph

CO C/2 CO o o o Ph Ph Ph oPh H

S3 oPh

w Cx

cp sa. sa. o CO co % co co CO CO CO ZHPaH

CO

-QCLWP

Eh

feo

cos

tfHHQH

EhO3K

PS CL

©H

Ph

QQ

PhCL

CO COCO

lOAl

si

CDAl

"<3si

Al

sa, si o o oo ooo o

Cl Cl Cl Cl o o QQ QQ o o

Cl Cl Cl Cl O O Qfi QQ o o clcl PhPh o o GOco >-h QQ*o co ° °

Ph Ph Ph Ph O

Al

Si o o Ph Ph Ph Ph

'S3

(O5a, h*

fl « , o « + '3^2

ci 2 ”53 2 73 iD rCCO «c “o sa, <2 sa.»o 2 co « O _, CO o « w

co

la. <N oPh

S3 ?

‘sa. 'sa. CO co co co

°CQ co % 00 CO co co CO

XXIX
Table

27.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Bii

Isoelectronic

Sequence

iOAls W o o o oo o o o o o P P P P o o o QQ Q H

T3

COAl

'ee O P p p

PP P P

P-l P-i Ph

Al3

a,a o o o Qfl P o o o o

PhP-i Cl, Ph P P

Ph Ph Ph Ph

cq

m

Ala Ph Cl

m

•o I - S-2 + g

CO 

•2 n* ts

03 CO ' IO 3^ A

cc „ PS « ao<m 2

10

w «cos rH TjS

PL c

a

CO

PhA

CO

PL CO

a. co aozaa

c?amo

Pha

tt

EhaoaS

OhaHoa

EhO5a

os Ph

GO

(Naaa

<S H

T3

o>

Ph

CO , - ^-2 + 5 co -53 2

lO a.®

lO

CjCO 3 A bClM

cC

N cO £<N* O

co „

Hf %, o *-0

'co CO ' o o PP.

GO 111111

II II II II II II

II II II

II II II

II II II II II II o o ooo o o o PP

Al

^a PC PC CP o o o o o o GQGQ P Ph

P"

Al PP PC

Pla Ph Ph PP PP

GO GO o o CP

iX

Al PhPh

cog o o CO GO

PL CO

PL CO

GO

PL COPL COa. CO

XXX
Table

29.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Ati

Isoelectronic

Sequence H

T3

m 111111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 O

Ah Ah Ah

COAl£ QQ Q

"53e

A, Ah Ah

02o

iO

Al3 o o ««^ <N oQ

55. 55 o o Ah Ah OAh o o apco Q

tO

Al£ Ah Ah

CO£

a.® o

a? ^ 3h ^ Ph

A CD CD CD CD

<N 2 3 „ "

53 ^ °cc co °cc *00

co CO Hf CD CD CD CD HoZH&aH

C/2c

pH«

S3Eh«H

EhoH

EhOSw«

PhH

t-J PS

<5 Eh

"0

Ph

**9 +Tt< o S ^

CO cc .2® R* Hf 55. ?3 CO eg fn CO bCco »

S,

OJ "Ht1 '2o 55. r-l hJH

m iiiiiiii

it iiii iiiiii iiitii ii

oo

toAl

Ah Ah o o A Ah >

qqo o

COAl o o QQ Qfl

"5355 o o Ah Ah Q 0

tO

Al

jS

A Ah o o

PL^PM

55, 55

OQCQ

tO

Al3 o o

Ah Ah

CO£ v

_

v

__/ mm

Ah

A

CO

CO

55, co

C3 _o

’+3c3 HJo£

5U0 _o

’S,oo01 S

1CAl

55

03 Ah

Ah

coAl

^55

"53

55 o o o o

\-j

x“'

x O CO t—h 05

Al

.s,

55. s

Al

55 +

co co

TJH o ~ LO •2® 55. += 55-io

c3 CO

*3 co *09 -' CO io

bfiCO « ®

A

A 55,^ Och 2

co "e

<N tJh

<n c

55. r_l ^H

A

55. CO

2? oo

Ah

55. CO

XXXI
Table 31. Predicted Terms of the Ra i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p*

3d10 4s2 4p« 4dx0 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6 +

Predicted terms

7s2

6d°-

7p2

7s(2 S)nx

6d(2D)nx'

7p(2 P°)nx"

is

/

3 P 3 F

\*S X D >G

/

3 P

VS X D

ns (n >7) np (n> 7) nd (n>6)

f

3S Vs

r

3 D

l »D

/

3 P°

\ iP°

3p°

ipo

3 P° 3 D° 3 F°

ip° 1 D° ipo

3 S

3 P 3 D

iS ip iD

00

02

oo

3 D

>D

3 D 3 F 3 G

iD iF X G

3J)° 3p°

iD° iF°

w/ (n>5) ng (n> 5)

7s(2S)nx /

3 F° 3 G

\ iF° X G

6d(2 D) nx' r 3p° 3 J)0 3J?° 3QO 3 JJ° 3 D 3 F 3 G 3 H 3 I \ >P° 1 D° X F° X G° 1 H° iD iF X G 'H T

7p (2P°)nx" /

3 D 3 F 3 G 3 po 3QO 3 jjo

\

X D X F X G

jpo 1QO ]JJ°

Table 32. Predicted Terms of the Ac i Isoelectronic Sequence

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p0 3s2 3p0 3d10 4s2 4p® 4d10 4/14 5s2 5

p

6 5d10 6s2 6p®+

Predicted Terms

6d 7s2 2 D

QcP

f

4 P 4 F

2 p 2 D 2F 2Q 2H

l 2 D

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7) nd (n> 6)

7s2

(

1 S)nx 2 S

2 p° 2 D

6d 7s(3 D)nx /

4 D 4 po 4 D° 4p° 4 S

4 P 4 D 4 F 4 G

1

2 D 2 po 2D° 2P° 2 S

2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G

6d 7s(x D)nx 2 D 2po 2D° 2po 2 S

2 p 2 D 2 F 2 G —

6d2

(3 F) nx /

4 F 4 D° <F° 4 G° 4 P 4 D 4 F 4 G 4 H

2 F 2 D° -F° 2 G° 2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 H

6d2

(3 P)nx /

4 P 4 S° 4 po 4 D° 4 P 4 D 4 F

\

2 P 2 S° 2 po 2D° 2 P 2 D 2 F

XXXII
Table 33. References to Rare-Earth Spectra

The numbers in the table indicate the references in the bibliography below

z El Spectrum

I II III IV VI

58 Ce 1, 2, 10, 31, || 59 Pr 3, 12 3, 31 60 Nd 17, 31, 32 17, 28, 31, 32

62 Sm 9 64 Gd 17, 30 30

68 Er 12 12, 35

71 Lu 8, 20 7 90 Th 12, 31 17, 22, 31 19, 29 18, 21 92 U 6, 15, 16, 31, 33, 34 5, 6, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34 18 94 Pu 4, 12§, 23

§

4, 14 95 Am 12, 13 12, 13 96 Cm 11

§ Paper refers to the spectra of the element, in general.

Table 33—Bibliography

[1] W. Albertson, unpublished material (1949); (data at present in Spectroscopy Section, Nat. Bur. Std.). (T) (C L)

[2] H. Arroe, Phys. Rev. 93, 94 (1954). (I S)

[3] G. J. van den Berg, Thesis, Zeeman Lab. (Amsterdam) (1951).

(Z E)

[4] M. van den Berg and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 20, 461

(1954).

[5] J. C. van den Bosch, Physica 15, 503 (1949). (T) (C L)

[6] J. C. van den Bosch and G. J. van den Berg, Physica 15, 329

(1949). (T) (Z E)

[7] L. F. H. Bovey and R. W. B. Pearse, Atomic Energy Research

Establishment C/R 1976, 19 pp. (1956). (I P) (T) (C L)

[8] L. F. H. Bovey, E. B. M. Steers, and H. S. Wise, Proc. Phys.

Soc. London [A] 69, 783 (L) (1956). (C L); Infrared.

[9] P. Brix, Zeit. Phys. 126, 431 (1949). (T) (C L) (I S)

[10] P. Brix und H. Frank, Zeit, Phys. 127, 289 (1950). (I S)

[11] J. G. Conway and R. D. McLaughlin, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46, 91 (1956). (I S)

[12] M. Fred and F. S. Tomkins, Argonne Symposium on Spectro- scopy (February 1956); See report by L. F. H. Bovey,

Nature 177, 737 (1956). t

[13] M. Fred and F. S. Tomkins, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44, 824 (A)

(1954); 47, 1076 (1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs)

[14] P. M. Griffin and J. R. McNally, Jr., J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 63 (L) (1955). (Z E)

[15] C. J. Humphreys, U. S. Naval Ord. Lab., NAVORD Report

4571, 23 (1956); Observing techniques for infrared.

[16] C. C. Kiess, C. J. Humphreys, and D. D. Laun, J. Research

Nat. Bur. Std. 37, 57, RP 1729 (1946). (I P) (T) (C L)

(Z E)

[17] P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 12, 33 (1946). (T) (C L) (Z E)

t General references to rare-earth spectra.

||G. Racah (Bull. Res. Council Israel 5A, No. 1, 78, 1955) reports that in Ce n “The

fundamental level of Group I appears to be higher than the fundamental level of Group n by 3854.05±0.04 cm-i.”

[18] P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 16, 185 (1950). (T) (C L)

(Z E)

[19] P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 16, 618 (1950). (I P) (T) (C L)

(Z E) (E D)

[20] P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 21, 53 (1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

(G D)

[21] P. F. A. Klinkenberg and R. J. Lang, Physica 15, 774 (1949).

(I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (G D)

[22] J. R. McNally, Jr., Phys. Rev. 77, 417 (L) (1950). (T)

[23] J. R. McNally, Jr., Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL—2154, 142

pp. (1956); Bibliography, wavelengths.

[24] W. F. Meggers, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 36, 431 (1946) ; Bibliography, f [25] W. F. Meggers, Science 105, 514 (1947).

t

[26] W. F. Meggers and C. E. Moore, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46, 149

(1956).

f

[27] H. H. Nielsen, Program, Tenth Anniversary Symposium on

Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy, The Ohio State Univ., pp. xix, 53 (June 1956).

t

[28] G. Noldeke, Zeit. Phys. 143, 274 (1955). (I S) (hfs)

[29] G. Racah, Physica 16, 651 (1950). (T); Theory.

[30] H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 550 (1950). (I P) (T)

(CL)

[31] PH. Schuurmanns, Thesis, Zeeman Lab. (Amsterdam) (1946).

(T) (C L) (Z E) (hfs)

[32] PH. Schuurmanns, Physica 11, 419 (1946). (T) (C L) (Z E)

[33] PH. Schuurmanns, J. C. van den Bosch, and N. Dijkwel,

Physica 13, 117 (1947). (T) (C L) (Z E)

[34] A. R. Striganov and L. A. Korostyleva, J. Exp. Tech. Phys., U. S. S. R., 2, 277 (1956). (C L) (I S)

[35] L. Wilets and L. C. Bradley III, Phys. Rev. 84, 1C55 (L)

(1951). (I S)

XXXIII
i-3 O»-i &

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XXXIV
Volume

III

J

Spectrum

XXIV

XXIII

XXII

XXI

XX

XIX

XVIII

XVII

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XXXV
Table 35. Chemical Symbols

Symbol Element Z Symbol Element Z Symbol Element Z Symbol Element Z

Ac Actinium 89 Er Erbium 68 Mg Magnesium 12 Rn Radon 86

Ag Silver 47 Es Einsteinium 99 Mn Manganese 25 Ru Ruthenium 44

A1 Aluminum 13 Eu Europium 63 Mo Molybdenum 42 S Sulfur 16 Am Americium 95 F Fluorine 9 N Nitrogen 7 Sb Antimony 51

Ar Argon 18 Fe Iron 26 Na Sodium 11 Sc Scandium 21 As Arsenic 33 Fm Fermium 100 Nb Niobium 41 Se Selenium 34

At Astatine 85 Fr Francium 87 Nd Neodymium 60 Si Silicon 14 Au Gold 79 Ga Gallium 31 Ne Neon 10 Sm Samarium 62

B Boron 5 Gd Gadolinium 64 Ni Nickel 28 Sn Tin 50

Ba Barium 56 Ge Germanium 32 No Nobelium 102 Sr Strontium 38

Be Beryllium 4 H Hydrogen

| Np Neptunium 93 Ta Tantalum 73

Bi Bismuth 83 (D Deuterium) 1 O Oxygen 8 Tb Terbium 65 Bk Berkelium 97 (T Tritium) 1 Os Osmium 76 Tc Technetium 43

Br Bromine 35 He Helium 2 P Phosphorus 15 Te Tellurium 52

C Carbon 6 Hf Hafnium 72 Pa Protactinium 91 Th Thorium 90

Ca Calcium 20 Hg Mercury 80 Pb Lead 82 Ti Titanium 22

Cd Cadmium 48 Ho Holmium 67 Pd Palladium 46 Tl Thallium 81 Ce Cerium 58 I Iodine 53 Pm Promethium 61 Tm Thulium 69

Cf Californium 98 In Indium 49 Po Polonium 84 U Uranium 92

Cl Chlorine 17 Ir Iridium 77 Pr Praseodymium 59 V Vanadium 23

Cm Curium 96 K Potassium 19 Pt Platinum 78 w Wolfram 74

Co Cobalt 27 Kr Krypton 36 Pu Plutonium 94 Xe Xenon 54

Cr Chromium 24 La Lanthanum 57 Ra Radium 88 Y Yttrium 39

Cs Cesium 55 Li Lithium 3 Rb Rubidium 37 Yb Ytterbium 70

Cu Copper 29 Lu Lutetium 71 Re Rhenium 75 Zn Zinc 30

Dy Dysprosium 66 Md Mendelevium 101 Rh Rhodium 45 Zr Zirconium 40

XXXVI
Table

36.

The

Periodic

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XXXVII
Table

37

.

Index

—

Isoelectronic

Sequences

[T

he

tabular

entries

are

page

numbers]

XXXVIII
MOLYBDENUM

Mo I

42 electrons Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

G 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d5 5s 7S3

a

7S3 57260 K I. P. 7.10 volts

The analysis is, for the most part, by Kiess, who started work on Mo i some 35 years ago,

when he first became interested in Cr i and Cr n. After the discovery of the first multiplets

of Mo i the analysis was postponed because of the need of further observations. About 8

years ago Kiess and Miss Harvey resumed work on a new description of the spectrum including

Zeeman observations. The present line list extends from 2000 A to 11850 A, and includes

about 7500 lines, of which about 80 percent are classified. The Zeeman observations are from spectrograms made at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as well as the National

Bureau of Standards. Some observed ^-values in the table are means of as many as 10

determinations

.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the terms of different multiplicities. It is one of the few spectra in which four multiplicities are known.

In a spectrum as complex as Mo i it is particularly difficult to assign configurations. The

low even configurations are discussed in the 1952 paper by Trees and Miss Harvey. The odd

ones are tentatively assigned, in many cases. Configuration-interaction and the resulting

perturbations complicate the problem. Since the work is still in progress some of the numbers

in column three used to designate miscellaneous levels are subject to replacement by term

designations. Consequently they do not run continuously.

The limit is well determined by the ns

7S series of three members (n=5 to 7).

A Monograph on Mo i is nearing completion.

REFERENCES

R. E. Trees and M. M. Harvey, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, 397, RP 2378 (1952). (T)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs) C. C. Kiess and M. M. Harvey, unpublished material (June 1956). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

1
2

Mo i Mo I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 4c? 5 (a 6S) 5s a 7S 3 0. 00 1. 992 4c?5 (a 4 F)5s b 3 F 2 27093. 44

681. 04

-8. 79

0. 890 3 27774. 48 1. 055 4c?5 (a 6S)5s a 5 S 2 10768. 33 1. 980 4 27765. 69 1. 125 4c?4 5s2 a 6 D 0 10965. 97

176. 86

311. 59

404. 12

487. 77

0. 000 4c?4 5s2 b 3 G 3 27383. 76 -41. 84

384. 81

0. 913 1 11142. 83 1. 490 4 27341. 92 1. 075 2 11454. 42 1. 498 5 27726. 73 1. 219 3 11858. 54 1. 488 4 12346. 31 1. 483 4c?4 5s (a 6 D)5p 3 7 F° 0 27866. 63

407. 76

392. 34

181. 40

322. 95

610. 08

714. 91

4c?5

(<z 4 G)5s a 5 G 2 16641. 08

51. 88

54. 77

36. 87

-0. 64

0. 331 1_2 28274. 39

28666. 73 2. 312 3 16692. 96 0. 918 3 28848. 13 1. 905 4 16747. 73 1. 141 4 29171. 08 56

16784. 60

16783. 96

1. 284

1. 318 56 29781. 16 80496. 07

1. 496

1. 513

4c?5 (a 4 P)5s a 5P 3 18229. 23 - 127. 30

-123. 12

1. 636 4c?5 (a 2 I)5s a il 6 28241. 03 1. 015 2 18356. 53 1. 789 1 18479. 65 2. 424 4c?5 (a 6 S)5v 3 5P° 1 28715. 29

121. 31

87. 06

2. 500 2 28836. 60 1. 831 4c? 5 (a 4 D)5s b 5 D 0 19969. 85

160. 53

150. 65

69. 51 - 192. 64

-0. 037 3 28923. 66 1. 664 1 20130. 38 1. 579 2 20281. 03 1. 537 4c?5 (a 2 F)5s c 3 F 2 29642. 07

517. 66

342. 25

1. 02 3 20350. 54 1. 495 3 30159. 73 1. 089 4 20157. 90 1. 482 4 30501. 98 1. Ill

4c?4 5s2 a 3 P 0 20607. 57

1636. 85

631. 60

0. 000 4c?6 (a 2 H)5s

b 3 H 4 29842. 16

139. 54

131. 37

0. 864 1 22244. 42 0. 977 5 29981. 70 1. 091 2 22876. 02 1. 361 6 30113. 07 1. 12

4c?5 (a 4 D)5s a 3 D 1 20930. 45 20 43 1. 056 4c?4 5s (a 6D)5p 3 7 D° 1 80846. 61

308. 43

499. 76

468. 36

488. 75

2. 894 2 20950. 88

667. 72 1. 289 2 81155. 04 2. 034 3 21618. 60 1. 320 3 81654. 80 1. 744 4 82128. 16 1. 658

4c?5 (a 4 G)5s a 3 G 3 20947. 86

205. 98

189. 31

0. 767 5 82611. 91 1. 568. 4 21153. 84 1. 051 5 21343. 15 1. 213 4c?4 5s (a «D)5p y 7P° 2 81299. 95

233. 32

379. 97

2. 273 3 81583. 27 1. 84

4c?4 5s2 a 3 F 43 23516. 52

23668. 12 -151. 60

133. 66

1. 117

1. 079 4 81918. 24 1. 73 2 23534. 46 0. 667 4c?4 5s2 b il 6 31484. 60 1. 028

4c?4 5s2 a 3 H 4 24096. 26

369. 44

357. 78

0. 973 4c?5 (a 2 G)5s c 3 G 3 5 24465. 70 1. 128 4 31510. 57

768. 45 6 24823. 48 1. 142 5 32279. 02 4c?4 5s2 a iS 0 24472. 06 4c?5 (a 2 G)5s b iG 4 32688. 30 Q. 960

4c?« c 6D 432

25455. 58

25707. 15

25794. 65?

-251. 57

-87. 50

-26. 02 - 159. 6

1. 458

1. 355

1. 09

4c?4 5s (a ®D)5p

y 5P° 123

82898. 81

88299. 09

88955. 09

400. 28

656. 00

2. 550

1. 838

1. 659 1 25820. 67 0 259§0. 3 4c?5 (a 2 H)5s a iH 5 33904. 46 1. 026

4d»(o 2 I)5s a 3 I 5 25516. 95

31. 95

89. 73

0. 796 4c?4 5s (a 6 D)5p 3 6F° 1 34248. 43

186. 28

305. 69

429. 04

549. 93

-0. 004 6 25548. 90 1. 028 2 34434. 71 1. 010 7 25638. 63 1. 147 3 84740. 40 1. 258 4 85169. 44 1. 346

4c?5 (a 6 S)5p 3 7 P° 2 25614. SI

257. 55

448. 52

2. 299 5 85719. 87 1. 395 3 25871. 86 1. 892 4 26820. 88 1. 736 4c?6 c 3 H 6 34810. 14 -101. 92 - 130. 00

1. 09 5 34912. 06 1. 10

4c?5 (a 4 F)5s a 5 F 5 25905. 58 -91. 74 - 192. 16 - 146. 39

52. 05

1. 394 4 35042. 06 0. 79 43

25997. 32

26189. 48

1. 322

1. 307 4c?4 5s (a 6 D)5p 3 6 D° 0 87128. 14 164 86 0. 000 2 26335. 87 1. 031 1 87298. 00

286. 23

389. 24

454. 63

1. 489 1 26283. 82 2 87579. 28 1. 473 3 87968. 47 1. 492

4c?5 (a 4 P)5s

b 3 P 0 26450. 10 -35. 20

1000. 37 4 88423. 10 1. 482 12

26414. 90

27415. 27

1. 41

1. 41 4c?4 5s (6 4 D)5p

y 5D° 0 37865. 69

535. 86

620. 71

637. 63

755. 75

0. 000 1 37901. 55 1. 491

4c?4 5s2 a 4 G 4 26635. 82 1. 014 2 88522. 26 1. 471 3 89159. 89 1. 251

4c?5 (a *D)5s

b 3 D 3 26638. 84 -119. 86

-603. 85

1. 234 4 89915. 64 1. 463 2 26758. 70 1. 24 1 27362. 55 1. 06 1° 1 88626. 60 1. 443
3

Mo I —Continued Mo I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level

id3 (a*G)5p 3 5 G° 2 SS2SS. 40 138. 08

168. 15

155. 58

76. 98

0. 428 id* 5s(a 4 H)5p y 6H° 3 43697. 53 3 S312L 48 1. 070 4 44012. 35 4 39289. 63 5 44444- 51 5 39445. 21 6 44694. 93 6 39522. 19 7 45405. 90 4d* 5s(6,4 D)5p x 5P° 1 39358. 58

104. 16

497. 80

2. 485 id* 5s(a 4 H)5p

y 3 G° 3 43975. 56 2 39462. 74 1. 696 4 44460. 63 3 39960. 54 1. 282 5 44759. 74

4ci8 c *1 6 39521. 09 0. 982 id3 {a 4 D)5p

y 3 D° 1 44041. 09 2 44524. 59

4ci5 {a 4 G)5p 2 5 H° 7 39600. 05 -35. 18 -732. 11

299. 67

317. 74 3 44921. 04 65 39635. 23

40367. 34 id3 (a 8S)5d e 7D 1 44935. 78 4 40067. 67 2 44940. 39 3 39749. 93 3 44947. 26 4 44957. 21 4d3 (a 6S)6s e 7 S 3 39675. 42 1. 992 5 44970. 10

4<i4 5s(bjD)5p 3 3 P° 0 4° 2 45388. 66 1 39779. 89

41. 54 2 39821. 43 1. 346 id3 (a 2 G)5p

x 3 G° 3 45414. 90 4 45556. 28 4d* 5s(6,4 D)5p 3 3 F° 2O 39989. 12? 1. 350 5 45835. 52 o4 40843. 53 1. 256 id* 5s (b 4 F)5p w 5 F° 1 45457. 85 2 45425. 11

4<i4 5s (b 4 D)5p 3 3 D° 1 40037. 01

529. 26

397. 84

0. 781 3 45634. 70 2 40566. 27 1. 160 4 45869. 57 3 40964. 11 1. 278 5

2° 2 40240. 84 4d5 (a 4 D)5p

x 3 F° 2 45710. 01 3 45938. 52

id3 (a 4 P)5p X 5 D° 4 4 45969. 21 3 40488. 35 -340. 50

130. 39

-37. 54

1. 470 2 40828. 85 1. 474 4d5 (a 6 S) 5d e 6 D 4 45785. 69 1 40698. 46 1. 393 3 45792. 77 0 40736. 00 0. 000 2 45800. 16 1 45805. 47 4d3 (a 6S)6s e 3S 2 40840. 28 0 45807. 37

4d5 (a 4 G)5p

y 5 F° 1 41011. 74? 20. 27

192. 40

171. 13 -47. 83

1. 235 id3 (a 4 P)5p 3 3 S° 1 45834. 83 2 41032. 01 1. 053 3 41224. 41 1. 259 4d3 (a 4 F)5p x 3 JD° 1 45974. 34 4 41395. 54 1. 343 2 46301. 78 5 41347. 71 1. 385 3 46808. 47

3° 1 41398. 43 1. 067 5° 4 46136. 03 4d5 (a 4 G)5p y 3 F° 2 41484- 54 365. 43

231. 62

0. 781 id3 (a 4 F)5p v 6 F° 1 46447. 97 3 41849. 97 1. 084 2 46452. 53 4 42081. 59 1. 225 3 46453. 42 4 46756. 50 4d3 {a 4 D)5p w 5D° 0 42173. 10 - 16. 96

81. 27

184. 99

319. 42

0. 000 5 1 42156. 14 1. 438 2 42237. 41 1. 442 6° 4 46590. 07 34

42422. 40

42741. 82

1. 425

1. 403 7° 1 46720. 22 4d3 (a 4 G)5p 3 3 H° 4 42185. 84

97. 39

61. 75

0. 851 8° 2 46754- 90 56 42283. 23

42344. 98 1. 258 id3 (a 2 I)5p 3 3 I° 5 46861. 06 6 47171. 76 4d3 (a 4 G)5p 3 3 G° 3 42970. 06 99fi »Q 0. 884 7 47492. 90 4 43196. 95

748. 69 1. 097 5 43945. 64 1. 359 id3 (a 2 D)5p

w 3 F° 2 46874. 52 3 46926. 40 4d3 (a 4 D)5p x 5F° 1 4 23

43045. 53

43245. 62 200. 09

284. 23

-230. 77

1. 030

1. 248 id3 (a 2 D)5p w 3 D° 1 46895. 06 45

43529. 85

43299. 08

1. 365

1. 363 23 47110. 24

47184. 58

id* 5s (a 4 H)5p 3 51° 4 43598. 54 731. 69 0. 779 9° 3 46955. 84 5 44330. 23 0. 956

47038. 81 6

10° 1 78

11° 2 47051. 74

Interval

314. 82

432. 16

250. 42

710. 97

485. 07

299. 11

483. 50

396. 45

4. 61

6. 87

9. 95

12. 89

141. 38

279. 24

-32. 74

209. 59

234. 87

228. 51

30. 69

-7. 08

-7. 39

-5. 31 -1. 90

327. 44

506. 69

4. 56

0. 89

303. 08

310. 70

321. 14

51. 88

215. 18

74. 34

Obs. g

0. 554

0. 867

1. 075

1. 170

1. 123

1. 94

1. 650

1. 605

0. 794

1. 108 1 . 100

0. 104

1. 286

1. 162

1. 334

0. 890 1 . 110

1. 135

2. 048

1. 078

1. 275

1. 304

1. 160

0. 937

1. 13

1. 14

1. 093

1. 156

1. 290

1. 66

0. 917
4

Mo I—Continued Mo I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

12° 3 47064. 59 1. 13 4d4 5s (6 4 G)5p t «F 0 1 49189. 71

156. 59

121. 75

122. 78

59. 85

0. 31 2 49346. 80 1. 20

13° 3 47177. 12 3 49468. 05 1. 216

4 49590. 88 1. 245

4d< 5s (6 4 F)5p V

5 G° 2 47186. 54

124. 72

98. 02

249. 75

45. 65

5 49650. 68 1. 352

3 47811. 26 0. 862

4 47409. 28 1. 200 28° 3 49259. 88 1. 348

5 47659. 08 1. 252

6 47704. 68 1. 30 4d4 5s (a 4 H)5p y

3 I° 5 49850. 60

49. 78

164. 75

0. 914

6 49400. 88 1. 108

14° 1 47248. 15 1. 164 7 49565. 18 1. 122

15° 2 47282. 28 29° 4 49369. 50 1. 475

16° 0 47824. 26 0. 00 4d4 5s (b 4 P)5p w &P° 1 49484. 14 227 72 2. 378

17° 1 47402. 23 0. 889

2

3 49711. 86

51209. 92 1498. 06 2. 16

1. 66

18° 5 47491. 68 1. 112 30° 5 49595. 64 1. 008

19° 20°

2

4

47587. 58

47710. 81

1. 12

1. 056

4

4 5s (a 6 D)6s /

7 D 123

49608. 20

49852. 29

50155. 50

244. 09

303. 21

634. 84

485. 35

2. 990

4 50790. 34 1. 613

21° 1 47713. 85 5 51275. 69 1. 611

4d* 5s (c 4 D)5p v

3 D° 1 47779. 41 305. 85

120. 69

0. 076 4d5 (a 4 F)5p u

3 F° 2 49801. 41 -11. 58

344. 41 2 48085. 26 1. 044 3 49789. 88 1. 061

3 48205. 95 1. 37 4 50134. 84 1. 210

22° 3 47848. 40 4d4 5s (b 4 G)5p w 3 G° 34 49868. 45

767. 90 1. 054

4d4 5s (c 4 D)5p u 5 F° 1 48022. 28 -195. 01

201. 00

163. 83

355. 39

0. 29 5 50681. 35 1. 123

2 47827. 22 1. 09

3 48028. 22 1. 283 31° 2 49880. 46

4 48192. 05 1. 293

5 48547. 44 1. 370 4dx 5s (c 4 D)5p v

5P° 3 49999. 49 -1050. 11

936. 33

1. 72

2 51049. 60 1. 61 4d6 (a 2 T)5p y

3 H° 4 47876. 78

312. 49

211. 04

1 50113. 27 2. 52

5 48189. 22 1. 206

6 48400. 26 1. 195 4

s (a 2 I)5p 33 K° 8

7 50276. 88 -319. 10 1. 046

23° 2 48088. 89 6 50595. 98 0. 968

24° 6 48120. 58 1. 20 4rf3 (a 6S)6d g ?D 5 50364. 36

40. 93

-48. 31 4 50323. 43

4d5 (a 2 F)5p v

3 F° 2 48288. 21

160. 79

0. 758 3 50371. 74

3 48399. 00 1. 174 2 4 1 4d3 (a 6S) 7s /

7 S 3 48367. 66 32° 2 50482. 46 1. 07

4<24 5s (c 4 D)5p v

5 D° 0 33° 4 50625. 18 1. 23

1 48410. 88 -2. 19

123. 41

338. 34

2 48408. 69 1. 440 34° 3 50670. 08

3 48532. 10 1. 496

4 48870. 44 1. 454 35° 2 50769. 72 4d5 (a 2 G)5p x

3 H° 4 48622. 08

196. 89

242. 76

0. 926 36° 4 50770. 12

5 48818. 97 0. 972

6 49061. 78 1. 108 37° 5 50801. 61 1. 083

4d*(a 6 S)7s /

5S 2 48742. 20 38° 2 50925. 56

25° 1 48775. 48 4d4 5s (a 4 H)5p w 3 H° 4 50958. 80

799. 62 0. 937

5 51758. 42 1. 059

4d4 5s(6 4 G)5p x

5 G° 2 48875. 84

121. 40

149. 45

155. 29

106. 56

6

3 48997. 24 0. 60

4 49146. 69 1. 164 39° 1 51070. 34

5 49801. 98 1. 25

6 494 08. 54 1. 150 40° 1 51165. 07

4d5 (a 2 I)5p 2

1 H° 5 48922. 21 0. 970 41° 4 51234. 16 1. 26

26° 1 48955. 80 0. 77 42° 2 51404. 83 1. 675

27° 1 49169. 81 43° 4 51585. 89 1. 040
5

Mo I—Continued Mo I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

44° 2 51675. £7 1. 146 83° 4 53855. 20 1. 17 45° 3 51808. 89 0. 88 84° 5 53937. 80 1. 14 46° 6 51856. 80 85° 4 58964. 53 1. 016

47° 4 51858. 82 1. 258 86° 1 54184. 34

48° 1 51876. 03 0. 87 87° 4 54292. 23 1. 04

49° 3 51884. 52 1. 13 88° 1 54341. 00

50° 2 51891. 30 0. 56 89° 2 54342. 90 1. 48

51° 4 52085. SO 1. 266 90° 1 54531. 12

52° 2 52088. 09 91° 1 54571. 76 0. 75

53° 3 52135. 63 0. 91 92° 5 54704. 54 0. 911

54° 3 52182. 01 1. 34 93° 7 54738. 58 1. 10 55° 4 52404. 79 1. 16 94° 3 54839. 36 0. 31

56° 2 52441. 17 95° 3 54889. 12 0. 84

57° 5 52441. S3 96° 4 55025. 75 1. 050

58° 2 52443. 57 1. 12 97° 5 55139. 74 0. 968

59° 5 52465. 86 1. 088 98° 3 55327. 60

4d4 5s (o 6 D)6s / «D 0

12

Q

- 99° 3 55352. 81

OO

O 5 55387. 34 1. 12 4 52477..60 101° 4 55529. 85

60° 4 52579. 34 1. 055 102° 4 55907. 71 1. 09

61° 5 52667. 27 1. 18 103° 5 55975. 93 1. 10 62° 2 52740. 51 4d5 (a 2 H)5p y

1 H° 5 56161. 71 0. 96

63° 1 52746. 93 104° 3 56380. 79 0. 03

64° 3 52902. 26 4d

5 (a 2 H)5p 3 »I° 6 56716. 58 1. 00

65° 1 52941. 36 105° 6 56890. 71 1. 21 66° 2 52964. 76 106° 4 56945. 78

67° 4 53005. 71 1. 35

107° 5 57029. 81 0. 98

68° 5 58112. 20 1. 40

108° 3 57144. 26

69°

70°

6 53184. 27

53197. 79

1. 04

1. 324 Mo n(«S2H) Limit 572605 71° 3 53226. 86 1. 01 109° 4 57818. 12

72° 6 53290. 73 110° 4 58090. 10

73° 3 53305. 79 111 0 3 58192. 82

74° 5 53327. SO 112° 6 58525. 71 1. 15 75° 4 53478. 86 113° 5 58998. 62 0. 88

76° 1 53483. 00 114° 3 59236. 59

77° 2 58588. 78 1. 43 115° 2 59249. 76

78° 3 58595. 18 1. 18 116° 5 59436. 61 1. 07

79° 7 53686. 76 1. 125 117° 5 59612. 36 1. 09

80° 3 53643. 84 1. 37 118° 5 59841. 11 0. 930

81° 3 58735. 87 119° 6 60192. 00

82° 4 53800. 48 1. 49 120° 7 61470. 51

June 1956.
Moi

Observed

Terms 6

*For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Moi

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

hi,

Introduction.
Mo II

7

(Nb i sequence; 41 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s2 4^6 4d6 6S2^

a

6S2* 130300 K I. P. 16.15 volts

Since 1932 no extensive work has been done on Mo n except at the National Bureau of

Standards. A detailed description and analysis have been completed by Kiess especially for

inclusion here, and a Monograph has been completed.

His observations extend from 2000 A to 6000 A, supplemented by several hundred lines to shorter waves, measured on spectrograms furnished by Boyce and by Shenstone. Altogether,

about seventy percent of the known Mo n lines have been classified. The observed ^-values have been derived from Zeeman spectrograms taken at the National

Bureau of Standards and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The limit is from Catalan and Rico, who have interpolated it from data on second spectra

from Sr to Cd.

The prefixes a, b of the limit terms of Mo hi as given in the table are tentative. The

terms of Mo hi are very incompletely known, and the prefixes have been arbitrarily assigned

for convenience in describing the configurations in Mo n. The present Monograph by Kiess represents work covering a span of 35 years, culminating in the classification of more than 2600 lines. Numerous observed intersystem combinations connect the terms of different multiplicity. It is noteworthy that Kiess has found

14 of the 16 terms expected from the 4d5 configuration.

REFERENCES

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952) and letter (December 1956.) (I P) C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 60, 375, RP2856 (1958). (T) (C L) (Z E)

Mo II Mo II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4<2® a *S 2/2 0. 00

4d4 (a ®D)5s a ®D OH 11783. 36

250. 70

383. 22

483. 05

560. 37

3. 301

1)4 12034. 06 1. 847

2H 12417. 28 1. 635

3H 12900. 33 1. 584

4H 13460. 70 1. 543

4d® a 4 G 2H 15199. 25

131. 31

97. 17

19. 24

3H 15330. 56

4H 15427. 73

5H 15446. 97

4<2® a

4 P 2H

1

H

OH

15691. 22

15699. 16

15890. 12 -7. 94 - 190. 96

1. 595

4(2* a 4 D OH 16796. 14

377. 96

170. 00

-397. 32

0. 758

1H 17174. 10 1. 391

2H

3H

17344. 10

16946. 78

1. 433

1. 404

4(2* a 2 D 2H

1H

22444, 36

22864. 36

-420. 00 1. 082

0. 688

4(2* a n 5H

6H

22980. 48

23248. 19 267. 71

4(2* a 4 F 4H 23832. 86 -20. 49

-81. 01 -203. 29

1. 300

3H

2H

1/4

23853. 35

23934. 36

24137. 65

1. 219

1. 018

0. 514

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d4 (a ®D)5s b

4 D OH

1H

2H

3H

24372. 12 24659. 20

25112. 27

25341. 58

287. 08

453. 07

229. 31

0. 058

1. 194

1. 269

1. 387

4d* a

2 F 3H

2H

24509. 30

24836. 09 -326. 79 1. 130

1. 054

4d4 (a 3 H)5s a

4 H 3H

4H

5H

6H

26041. 18

26488. 15 26739. 47

27113. 83

446. 97

251. 32

374. 36

0. 798

0. 984

1. 130

1. 193

4d« a 2 G 4H

3H

26068. 60

26405. 61 -337. 01 1. 0650. 785

4d*(a 3 P) 5s b

4 P OH

1H

2H

26603. 55

27627. 55

29022. 12

1024. 00

1394. 57

2. 530

1. 700

1. 574

4d* b

2 F 3H

2H

27410. 30

27878. 89 -468. 59

1. 148

0. 900

4d* a

2 H 5H

4H

27627. 00

27724. 69

-97. 69 1. 086

0. 987

4d4 (a 3 F) 5s b

4 F 1H

2H

3H

4H

28883. 69

28876. 82

28988. 96

29034. 17

-6. 87

112. 14

45. 21

0. 529

1. 035

1. 135

1. 278

4(2* a

2 S OH 28950. 36 1. 968
8

Mo ir—Continued Mo II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4c?4 (a 3 G)5s b

4 G 2/ 29699. 32 320 04 0. 758 4c?4 (a 3 P)5

p

y

4 D° 0/2 57319. 55

821. 20

1207. 19

1354. 22

0. 200

sy2 4/2 30019. 36

30213. 46 194. 10

177. 82

1. 059

1. 192

1/2 2/

58140. 75

59347. 94

1. 183

1. 263

5/2 30391. 28 1. 268 3/ 60702. 16 1. 305

4c?4

(a. 3 P)5s a

2 P 0/ 32124. 04

2295. 22 0. 672 4o?4 (a 3 H)5p z

4 H° 3/ 57892. 06

304. 62

564. 27

730. 88

0. 710

1/ 34419. 26 1. 175 4/ 58196. 68 0. 960

4c? 5 b

2 D 2/ 32879. 55 -206. 73 1. 213

5/

6/

58760. 95

59491. 83

1. 110

1. 206

I /2 33086. 28 0. 889

4c?4 (0 3 P)5p z

2 S° 0/ 58527. 00 1. 651

4c?4 (a 3 H) 5s b

2 H 4/ 33045. 37

555. 70 0. 983

5/ 33601. 07 1. 057 4c?4 (0 3 F)5p z

4 G° 2/ 59053. 32

425. 02

748. 66

889. 18

0. 672

3/ 59478. 34 0. 923

4c?

4 (a 4 G)5s b

2 G 3/ 33146. 30

108. 16 0. 904 4/ 60227. 00 0. 884

4/ 33254. 46 1. 043 5/ 61116. 18 1. 210

4c?4 (a 3 D)5s c

4 D 3/ 33549. 28 320 44 1. 406 4c?4 (a 3 H)5p z

4 I° 4/ 59679. 75

1244. 78

723. 23

503. 90

1. 027

2/ 33869. 72 344 56 1. 323 5/ 60924. 53 0. 936

1/ 33525. 16 -369. 90 1. 230 6/ 6 1647. 76 1. 103

O/2 33895. 06 0. 021 7/2 62151. 66

4c?4 (a 4 I)5s b

2 I 6/2 35099. 46 -306. 56 1. 053 4c?

4 (0 3 F)5p z

2 D° 1 / 59840. 70

1151. 77 0. 862

5/ 35406. 02 2/ 60992. 47 1. 205

4c?

4 (a 3 F) 5s c *F 2/ 36288. 80

452. 50 0. 913 4c?

4 (0 3 H)5p z

2 G° 3/ 60135. 37

837. 77

1 . 011

3/ 36741. 30 1. 065 4/ 60973. 14 1 . 101

4c?

4 (a 3 G)5s c

2 G 3/ 37431. 45

622. 43 0. 927 4c?

4 (a 3 P)5p y

4 P° OV2 6 1134- 25

322. 52

968. 70

2. 299

4/ 38053. 88 1. 105 114 61456. 77 1. 656

2/2 62425. 47 1. 185

4c?

4 (a *D)5s c

2 D 1 / 39243. 45

669. 50 0. 800

2/ 39912. 95 1. 203 4c?

4 (a 3 P)5p z

2 P° 1 / 61746. 58 -349. 47 1 . 220

0/2 62096. 05 1. 075

4c?

4 (a 3 D)5s d2 D 2 / 41421. 34 - 120. 66

1 / 41542. 00 0. 761 4c?

4 (a 3 F)5p x

4 D° 3/ 62491. 78

149. 51 -208. 77 -386. 41

1. 252

2 / 62342. 27 1. 067

4c?4 (a ! S)5s b

2 S 0/ 41873. 66 1. 993 1/2 0/

62551. 04

62937. 45

0. 707

0. 030

4c?sc? 2 G 3/ 42169. 30

137. 32 4/ 42306. 62 1

° 2/ 62594. 53 1. 14

4c?

4 (a »F)5s d 2 F 2 / 42925. 34 66. 84 4c?

4 (a 3 H)5p z

2 I° 5/ 62728. 35 251. 89 0. 902

3/ 42992. 18 1. 085 6/2 62980. 24 1. 091

4c?4 (b 3 F)5s c

4 F I /2 4c?

4 (0 3 F)5p y

4 F° 1 / 63002. 58

389. 94

-287. 89

678. 47

0. 899

2/

3/

2 /

3/

63392. 52

63104. 63

1 . 002

1 . 060

4/ 44212. 16 4/2 63783. 10

4c?

4 (a 5 D)5p 3

6^° O /2 45853. 08

295. 04

466. 02

R 17 Sd.

-0. 650 2

° 3/ 63012. 24 1 . 186

I /2 46148. 12 1. 072

2/ 46614. 14 1. 305 4c?

4 (a 3 H)5p y

4 G° 2 / 63041. 47 -123. 53

35. 81

253. 68

0. 851 3/ 47231. 98

767. 49

960. 21

1. 375 3/ 62917. 94 1. 004

4/ 47999. 47 1. 415 4/ 62953. 75 1. 214

5/ 48959. 68 5/ 63207. 43 1. 272

4c?4 (a s D)5p z

4 P° O /2 47208. 36

814. 09

838. 12

2. 779 4c?

4 (a 3 G)5p y

4 H° 3/ 63298. 23

199. 31

642. 44

974. 85

0. 933

1 / 48022. 45 1. 818 4/ 63497. 54 1. 024

2/ 48860. 57 1. 742 5/

6/

64139. 98

65114. 83

1 . 166

4c? 4 (a 5 D)5p z «P° I /2 49040. 82

567. 92 - 127. 70

2. 305

4c?

4 (a 2/ 49608. 74 1. 718 3 G)5p z

2 F° 3/ 63876. 68 -517. 96

1. 105

3/ 49481. 04 1. 672 2/ 64394. 64 0. 802

4c?

4 (a 6 P)5p z6 D° OK 49949. 45 242. 55

385. 36

274 82

3. 155 4c?

4 (a 3 G)5p x4 F° 1 / 63903. 90

263. 94

35. 25

123. 31

0. 535

1 / 50192. 00 1. 802 2/ 64167. 84 1 . 012

2/ 50577. 36 1. 597 3 H 64203. 09 1 . 208

3/ 50302. 54 402. 98 1. 552 4/ 64326. 40 1. 258

4/ 50705. 52 1. 502

4c?

4 (a 3 H)5p z

2 H° 4H 64130. 22

944. 49 0. 934

4c? 4 (a 5 D)5p z

4 F° 1/2 51372. 90

359. 49

484. 91

625. 80

0. 412 5/ 65074. 71 1 . 112

2/ 51732. 39 1. 045

3/ 52217. 30 1. 262 4c?

4 (a 3 P)5p z

4 S° 1 / 64750. 66 1. 926

4/ 52843. 10 1. 362

4c?4 (a 3 F)5p y

2 G° 3X 64852. 22

842. 69

1. 040

4c?

4 (a 5 D)5p z

4 D° 0/ 54238. 80

448. 81

528. 24

490. 72

0. 042 4/ 65694- 91 1. 105

1/2 54687. 61 1. 197

2/ 55215. 85 1. 376 4c?

4 (a 3 F)5p y

2 F° 3 X 65260. 95 - 11 . 82 3/ 55706. 57 1. 413 2/ 65272. 77 0. 856
9

Mo II—Continued Mo II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d*(a 3 G)5p V

2 H° 4% 65282. 58

142. 07

4 d*(a *S)5p x 2 P° oy2 71966. 80 1252. 67 0. 670

5^2 65424. 65 1. 175 1/2 73218. 97 1. 082

4d*{a 3 P)5p y

2 D° ix 65444 SO

638. 01 0. 769 4(1* (a 3 D)5p w 2 D° 1 X 72089. 00

790. 62 1. 086

2/2 66082. 81 1. 166 2/2 72829. 62 1. 156

4<i

4 (a 3 G)5p x4 G° 2/2 65732. 28

355. 32

303. 91

352. 26

0. 751 4d*(a 4 D)5p v

2 F° 2/ 72484. 19

548. 09

3/2 4 H

66087. 55

66891. 46

3/2 78032. 28

5y2 66743. 72 1. 209 4d4 (a 1 D)5p w 2 F° 0/2 73546. 75

503. 62

1 X 74050. 37 1. 289

3° 3/2 65831. 24 1. 070

4d*(a x F)5p u

2 F° 2/2 74146. 50 345 04

4<i4 (a 3 D)5p i» 4 D° oy2 66873. 65

25. 79

268. 54

48. 36

3/2 74491. 54

IX

2y2 66899. 44

66667. 98

1. 075

1. 289 4d*(b 3 F) 5p t

2 F° 3/2 74749. 55 -176. 62

3/2 66716. 34 1. 436 2/ 74926. 17

4a!4 (a ! G)5p x

2 F° 3/2 67891. 42 -266. 71

1. 130 4d*(b 3 F)5p w 4 G° 2/2 74858. 86 975 51

2/2 67658. 13 3/2 75834- 87 750 23

2/2 4/2 76584. 60

1079. 32

4d4 (o 3 D)5p x

4 P° 67712. 92 -728. 74

-608. 09

1. 426 5/2 77663. 92

1 X 68441. 66 1. 535

oy2 69049. 75 2. 410 4di (a *F)5p v

2 G° 3/2 4/2 75685. 65 1. 140

4

d

4 (a 3 G)5p X2 G° 3/2 67760. 80

292. 17

0. 921

4/2 68052. 47 1. 150 4<i4 (6 3 F)5p v

4 F° D/2 2^ 75810. 62? 856. 41 -29. 65 4d4 (a 3 D)5p w 4 F° ix 67821. 60

194. 32

163. 78

143. 80

3/2 76667. 03

2/2 68015. 92 4

X

76637. 38

3/4 68179. 70

4/2 68323. 50 1. 250 4d*(b 3 P)5p v

2 D° IX

2/2 75819. 80

4d4 (o *I)5p z

2 K° 6/2 67888. 85

1158. 60 0. 933

7/2 69047. 45 4d*(b 3 P)5p v

4 D° 0/2

1/2 4d4 (a 1 l)5p V

2 I° 5/2 68472. 84 435. 76

2X 76206. 57

g/2 68908. 60 3/2 76325. 00 118. 43

4

d

4 (a 3 D)5p y

2 P° 0 y2 68645. 50

257. 30 0. 768 4d*(a J F)5p u 2 D° 1/2 1/2 68902. 80 1. 420 2/2 80420. 55

4d4 (o 3 D)5p w 2 F° 2/2 69729. 90

371. 65

0. 885 4d*(b 3 F)5p u

2 G° 3/2 81526. 97

1029. 93

3/2 70101. 55 1. 075 4/2 82556. 90

4d4 (a J G)5p x

2 H° 4H 70008. 84 666. 73

4d*(b x G)5p t

2 G° 4^2 88814. 88 -559. 27

5>4 70670. 57 3/2 83874 15

4d4 (a *D)5p x

2 D° 70718. 10 - 24. 90 4d*(b 4 G)5p v

2 H° 4y2 83964- 88

531. 62

1/4 70788. 00 0. 946 5/2 84496. 50

4d4 (a 4 G)5p w 2 G° 71011. 20 - 182. 33 4d*{b iG)5p s

2 F° 3/2 86566. 24

3/2 71193. 53 2/2 4d4 (a ! I)5p ta 2 H° 5/2 71546. 56 -373. 66

4/2 71920. 22 Mo iii(5 D0) Limit --- 130300

February 1958.
10

Mo ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4p®+

Observed Terms

4d5

4

4 (a 5D)nx

4d4 (a 3 H)nx

4d4 (a 3 P)nx

4d4 (a 3 F)nx

4d4 (a 3 G)nx

4

4 (a 4 G)nx

4d4 (a 3 D)nx

4d4 (a 4 I)nx

4d4 (a ! D)nx

4d4 (a *S)nx 4

4 (a 4 F)nx

4d4 (6 3 F)nx

4d4 (6 3 P)nx

4d4 (6 l G)nx

f a

6S

a 4 P a 4 D a 4 F a 4 G

1 a 2 S a 2 D a 2 F a 2 G a 2 H a 2 1

[ 6

2 D 62 F d 2 G

ns (n>5) np (n>5)

/ a

fl D 3 epo z 61)0 z 6po

\ b

4 D IS >5O

tS 0O

IS o

/ a

4 H y

4 G° 24 H° 24 I° \ 6

2 H 3 2G° Z 2 H° 32 I°

/ 6

4 P 34 S° y

4 P° y4 D°

\ a 2 P 2

2 S° 32 P° y 2D°

f 6

4F x4 D° y4 F° 34 G°

\ c

2 F 22 D° y2 F° y

2 G°

/ b

4 G x

4 F° x

4 G° y4 H°

\ c

2 G 2

2 F° x

2 G° y

2 H°

6

2 G x

2 F° w 2 G° x2 H°

/ c

4 D x

4 P° w 4 D° w 4 F°

\ d 2 D y

2 P° w 2 T>° w 2 F°

b

2 I w 2 H° y n° 22 K°

c

2 D w 2 P° x

2 D° v2 F°

6

2 S x

2 P°

d

2 F u 2 D° u 2 F° v

2 G°

/ c

4 F v

4 F° w 4 G°

\ t 2 F° u 2 G°

/

v

4 D°

1 t> 2 D°

s

2 F° t2 G° v2 H°

*For predicted terms of the Nb i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction, p. xxvi.
11

Mo HI

(Zr i sequence; 40 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s

2 4p° 4d* 6D0

4d* 6D0 218900 K I. P. 27.13 volts

The analysis is from Rico, who has classified 37 lines between 2142 A and 2474 A, from

observations made at Madrid for the region 2200 A to 3200 A. These have been supplemented

by spectrograms taken at Princeton covering the range 670 A and 2200 A.

The ground term has not been found. Combinations from this term are estimated to he

between 1250 A and 1330 A. Rico has classified 4 lines between 1274 A and 1288 A as representing transitions from 4di 6Z>4 , which he estimates to be approximately 1500 K above the

ground state zero, 4

d

4 6D0 . He and Catalan have interpolated the limit by comparison of the

third spectra from Y to In. All of the observed energy levels are relative to this estimated value of 1500 K entered in

brackets in the table. Further analysis is necessary to establish more accurate values derived

from observed combinations from the ground state zero. The observed terms have been

found by comparison with similar spectra in the isoelectronic sequence and with neighboring

third spectra.

Rao also reports 27 classified lines of Mo hi involving the quintet terms from the 4F

limit in Mo iv. The two papers have only a few term intervals and lines in common, chiefly

in the 5F—6 G° multiplet.

REFERENCES

V. R. Rao, Indian J. Phys. 23, 258 (1949). (T) (C L)

F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fysica Y. Quimica (Madrid) [A] 50, 185 (1954). (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 83 (1957). (I P)

Mo III Mo in

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d* 4

d

4 5D 0 4d3(4 F)5p 5p

5D° 0 75068. O’l+x 9?

1 1 75599. 2+x ftftA ft 2 2 76464. 0+x 143ft d

3 3 77897. 4+x 1 99ft ft 4 [1500] 4 79124. 2+x

4d3

(

4 F)5s 5s 6F 1 32045. 7+x A.OA. Z 4d3

(

4 F)5p 5v

6 F° 1 77861. 1+x <*93 3 2 32470. 2+x ftOQ 1 2 77684. 4+x 14^1 9. 3 33079. 3 -he 779 Q 3 79185. 6+x ^ft7 1 4 33852. 2+x I I £7 QHA 1 4 79722. 7+x 9A7 e; 5 34756. 3+x 5 79970. 2+x

4d3 (

4 F) 5p 5v

5 G° 2 78480. 2+x 871. 5 men q

3 74851. 7+x

4 75443. 6+x 19Qft ft Mo iv (

4FiH) Limit 218900

5 76740. 2+x 1 ^7ft 9

6 78316. 4+x

February 1957.
12

Mo iv

(Y i sequence; 39 electrons) Z—42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4^ 4F1H

4d3 4F1H 374180 K I. P. 46.4 volts

Eliason has classified some 40 lines between 856.00 A and 2140.98 A. He has derived

the limit by a linear extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data. This value in round figures

is entered in brackets in the table.

REFERENCE

A. Y. Eliason, Phys. Rev. 43, 745 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mo iv Mo iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4cP 46? 4 F IX

2X

3X

4X

0. 0

780. 0

1759. 0

2858. 6

780. 0

979. 0

1099. 6

4eP(3 F)5s 5s 4 F IX

2X

3X

4X

60893. 4

61624. 1 62705. 3

64042. 6

730. 7

1081. 2

1337. 3

4d*(*F)5p 5v

4 G° 2X

3X

4X

5X

109412. 9

111886. 6 113489. 3

115876. 4

1923. 7

2102. 7

2437. 1

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d2

(3 F)5p 5p 4 F° ix

2X

3X

4'X

111756. 5

112921. 0

114619. 4 115956. 7

1164. 5

1698. 4

1337. 3

4eP(3 F)5p 5p 4 D° ox

ix

2X

3X

115790. 4 116584- 3

117602. 3

118076. 5

793. 9

1018. 0

474. 2

Mo v(3 F2) Limit [374180]

April 1951.
13

Mo v

(Sr i sequence; 38 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3

s

2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d2 3 Fa

4d2 3F2 493360 K I. P. 61.2 volts

The analysis is by Trawick, who has classified 90 lines between 410.35 A and 2159.30 A.

He has extrapolated the limit on a Moseley diagram of isoelectronic sequence data. This

value of the limit, rounded off, is entered in brackets in the table.

The singlet and triplet terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCE

M. W. Trawick, Phys. Rev. 48, 223 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mo v Mo v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d

2 4d2 3 F 2 0 1 ^8*1 4d(2 D)5p 5p

8 P° 0 157060 444

3

4 1585

3359 1774 12 156616

157852 1236

4d2 4d23 P 0 11165 647

1601

4d(2 D)5d 5d >D 2 212620

12 11812

13413 4d(2 D)5d 5d 3 D 3 213840 -831

-115 2 214671

4d(2 D)5s 5s iD 2 83971 1 214786

4d(2 D) 5s 5s *D 1 92381 732

1724

4d(2 D)5d 5d iP 1 215874

2

3 93113

94837 4d(2 D)4/ 4/ *F° 2 281724 3162

6226 4d(2 D)5p

3 234886

5p

l F° 3 141150 4 24H12

4d(2 D)5p 5p

1 P° 1 147209 4d(2 D)5d 5d *F 2 236714 2357

3033 4d(2 D)5p 5p

3 D° 1 148950 2262

1829

34 239071

242104

2

3 151212158041 4d(2D)4/ 4f *G° 3 248665 1 1 7fi 4d(2 D)5p

4 244841 989

5p *F° 2 150346 850

3837

5 245880

34 151196

155038

4d(2 D)5p 5p ‘D° 2 151760 Mo vi(2 Dih) Limit [493360]

April 1951. Mov Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4p«+

Observed Terms

4d* 4d2 8P 4d2 3F

ns (n >5) np (n>5) nd (n> 5) nf (n>4)

4d(2 D)nx f 5s 3D

\ 5s iD

5p *P° 5p

3D° 5p 3F°

5p ‘P 0 5p >D° 5p »F°

5

d

3D 5d 3F

5d ip 5d »D

4/»F° 4/ 3 G°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sr 1 isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. 11 Introduction, page xxm.
14

Mo VI

(Rb i sequence; 37 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3

p

8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d 2 Di^

4d 2D1h 549000 K I. P. 68 volts

Sixteen lines have been classified as combinations among seven terms. The observations

extend from 296 A to 1595 A. Trawick has published six terms and extrapolated a limit

from isoelectronic sequence data. From recent series data in Zr iv combined with the series

of Mo vi, Kiess has derived an improved value of the limit, which is quoted here.

Charles has recently reobserved the spectrum between 296 A and 790 A and confirmed

three of the four terms from Trawick’s list, covered by this range. The one exception is 4/^°, which he revises. Trawick lists this term as follows:

Desig. J Level Interval

4/ 2 F° 2H

3/2 267451

267855 404

Charles also resolves the members of his 4d

2D—4/2F° group, and adds tentative values of the

6p

2P° term.

The measurements common to the two lists are in satisfactory agreement. In the table

the term values from Charles’ paper are quoted, but the two terms 5s

2S and 5d 2D are from

Trawick’s paper.

REFERENCES

M. W. Trawick, Phys. Rev. 46, 63 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) G. W. Charles, Phys. Rev. 77, 120 (1950). (T) (C L)

C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (October 1955). (I P)

Mo vi Mo vi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p8 (

1 S)4d 4d 2 D lfc 0 2578 4p8

(

x S)5d 5d

2 D 1H 282837 787

2*4 2578 2^ 283624

4p8

(

x S)5s 5s 2 S 0y2 119739 4p8

(

1 S)6s 6s 2 S 0% 313810

4p8

(

1 S) 5p 5p 2 P° 0}<2 18240

4925 4p8

(

x S) 6p 6p 2 P° 0H? 336331 1408

4p«(I S)4

/

4/ 2 F°

1J4 2H

3H

187329

267043

267451

1H? 337739

408

Mo vii (

X S0) Limit [ 549000]

October 1955.
15

Mo vh

(Kr I sequence; 36 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3 d10 4s2 4p5 X S0

4p6 X S0 1020460 K I. P. 126 volts

The analysis is far from complete. Charles has classified 6 lines between 136 A and 286 A

as due to transitions from the ground term to levels produced by 4d, 5d, 5s, and 6s-electrons.

The level-values in the table are the rounded-off wave numbers of the observed lines. He has

estimated the limit quoted above by applying a Rydberg formula to the ns si levels (n= 5, 6).

The higher limit in the table has been determined by the writer by adding the interval of the

ground term of Mo vm to the lower limit.

As for Kr i the writer has introduced the JZ-coupling notation in the general form suggested

by Racah. Charles has noted that the 4d and 5d assignments are open to some question.

Consequently the pair-coupling notation for these levels may need revision.

REFERENCES

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942). G. W. Charles, Phys. Rev. 77, 120 (1950). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mo Vii Mo vii

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

4

p

6 p0 4p8 4p6 *S 0 0 4p5

(2 Pfo)6s 6s [1H]° 2

6s si 1 709450

4p

s(? P!h)4d 4d [i y2]° 2 4p5 (

2 Po^)6s 6s' [oy2 ]° 0

4d d% 1 849290 6s si 1 781660

4p5 (

2 Pf^)5s 5s 2

5s s| 1 481290 Mo vm(

2 P|h) Limit 1020460

4p5

(

2 PgH)5s 5s' [0H]° 0 Mo vm(

2 Poh) Limit 1043740

5s si 1 502920

4p5(2 Pi*)5d 5d [1H]° 2

5d d$ 1 668280

February 1951.

Mo VIII

(Br I sequence; 35 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4

s

2 4p5 2P°^

4

p

5 2P?h 1235000 K I. P. 153 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Charles has classified 42 lines between 168 A and 474 A as due to transitions from the ground term to 14 higher terms.

He has extrapolated the value of the limit from isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCE

G. W. Charles, Phys. Rev. 77, 120 (1950). (IP) (T) (C L)
16

Mo vm Mo VIII

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s7 4

p® 4p5 2 p° 1# 0 -23277 4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 2 F 3H

OH 23277 2H 409395

4s 4p® 4p0 2g OH 233830 4s2 4p4 (

! D)4d 4d' 2 D 2H

1H

423722

444240 -20518

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 4 D 3H

2H 301557 -8862

-9037

4s2 4p4 (*D)4d 4d' 2 P 1H 445430

1H

OH?

310419

319456

0H

4s2 4p4 (*S)4d 4d"2 D 2H? 447888 -6419

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 4 P 0H 363255 8090

6543

1H? 454307

371345

2H 377888 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5s 5s 4 P 2H

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)4d 4d 4F 4H

1H?

OH

492522

503309

-10787

3H

2H 367822 -145 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5s 5s a P 1H 527428 -15924

1H 367967 OH 543352

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4

4d

2 D 1H 376122 15057 4s2 4p4

(

! D)5s 5s' 2 D 2H 536550 -12366

2H 391179 1H 548916

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 2 P OH 4s2 4p4(

4 S)5s 5s" 2 S OH 595062

1H? 381102

Mo ix (

3P2) Limit [1235000]

February 1951. Mo vm Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p5 4pS 2 p°

4s 4p® 4p® 2 S

ns (n> 5) nd (>4)

/ 5s 4 P 4d 4 P 4d 4 D 4d 4 F

4s2 4p4

(

3 P) nx

{ 5s 2 P 4d 2 P 4d 2 D 4d 2 F

4s2 4p4

(

i D)7^a;, 5s' 3 D 4d' 2 P 4d' 2 D

4s2 4p4 (

1 S)nz" 5s" 2 S 4d" 2 D

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction,

page xxi.

Mo xvi

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=42

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d9 2D2^

3d9 2D2* K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed three lines due to the transition 3

p

6 3d9 2D—3^>

6 3d10 2P°. In figure 4 of his paper on the spectra of highly-ionized atoms,

the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic number for this combination in the

Co i-like spectra Rb xi to Mo xvi. For Mo xvi the wave numbers are between 1300000

and 1500000 K.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 548 (1947).

February 1950.
TECHNETIUM

Tc I

43 electrons Z=43

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s

2 3

p

6 3d10 4

s

2 4p6 4d5 5s2 6S2 ^

a

eS2 ^ 58700 K I. P. 7.28 volts

A description of the spectrum was published by Meggers and Scribner in 1950. The next

year Meggers reported the first regularities: 20 terms, 200 classified lines, and an approximate

ionization potential.

The spectrum has since been reobserved by Bozman, Corbss, and Meggers. The present

line fist covers the range 2057.70 A to 8917.74 A. The analysis has been extended by Bozman

especially for inclusion here. His work is still in progress; the tabular data represent only the

results available when the present Volume was concluded for press. The observed gr-values

are, also, from Zeeman spectrograms taken at the National Bureau of Standards.

There are approximately 900 classified lines. Observed intersystem combinations connect

the systems of terms of different multiplicity.

Bozman has revised the earlier value of the limit. The present limit is from the

4d

6 (a 5D)ns 64D series (n= 5,6). It has been derived by a Rydberg formula, with a Ritz cor- rection a=2.0X10-6

, described in the 1951 paper. It agrees well with the value interpolated

by Catalan from neighboring spectra, 58297 K.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and B. F. Scribner, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 45, 476, RP 2161 (1950).

W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 7, RP 2221 (1951). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952). (I P) K. G. Kessler and R. E. Trees, Phys. Rev. (2) 92, 303 (1953). (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs) W. R. Bozman, unpublished material (June 1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
18

Tc I Tc I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 4

5 5s2 a 6 S 2K 0. 00 1. 99 4d6 (a 5 D)5p y 6P° 3K 31414. 07

7. 31 -97. 20

1. 72

4d«(o 8 D)5s a 6D 4K 2572. 89 -678. 02

-449. 64

*?n9 nq

1. 60

2/2 IK

31406. 76

81503. 96

1. 80

2. 26 3 K

2K

3250. 91

3700. 55

1. 59

1. 65 4

6 {a 5D)5p 2 4 P° 2K 81927. 01 -331. 06 - 145. 00

1. 59 I /2 ok

4002. 58

4178. 72 -176. 14 1. 86

3. 32

IK

OK

82258. 07

32403. 07

1. 40

2. 65 4ds (a 5D)5s a 4 D 3K 10516. 54 546 54 1. 44 4d«(a 3D)5p 2 4 D° 3K 82620. 87 -465. 33

-257. 47 - 137. 30

1. 39 2k

ik

11063. 08

11578. 59 -515. 51 -312. 37

1. 37

1. 21 2K

iy

83085. 70

88348. 17

1. 39

1. 20

034 11890. 96 0. 02 0K 33480. 47 0. 02

4d6 (3 P)5s a 4 P 2H 13252. 73 Q17 09 1. 62 4d5 5s (a 5S)5p

y 4 P° 2K 34515. 90 -426. 76

-333. 79

1. 61 1 K

0/2 14169. 75

14679. 92 -510. 17

1. 70

2. 63

iK

0K

84942. 66

35276. 45

1. 74

2. 66

4d6 (3 F)5s a 4 F 434 14733. 14 -565. 33

-325. 79

-146. 16

1. 31 4d5 5s (a 7S)6s e 3 S 3K 37612. 40 2. 02

3/2 2K

15298. 47

15624. 26

1. 20

1. 02 4<25 5s (a 5 S)5p x 6 P° 3K 88240. 77

24. 02

-102. 85

1. 66 1 K 15770. 42 0. 42 2K

IK

38216. 75

38819. 60

1. 89

2. 35

4d6 (3 G)5s cf4 G sy 16025. 16 - 108. 83

-153. 81

-127. 84

1. 23

4/2 16133. 99 1. 17 4

5 5s (0 7S)6s e 9 S 2K 39598. 85 2. 00

3y2 2K

16287. 80

16415. 64

0. 95

0. 58 4d«(a 5 D)6s e 6D 4K 42855. 22 -536. 53

-404. 96

-232. 21 -120. 59

1. 56

3K 43391. 75 1. 57 4d5 5s (a 7 S)5p z?P° 2K 16428. 71

445. 80

648. 44

2. 30 2K 43796. 71 1. 65

3>4 16874. 61 1. 94 IK 44028. 92 1. 87

434 17522. 95 1. 80 OK 44149. 51 3. 30

4d* 5s (a 7 S)5p 2 «P° 334 23265. S3 - 189. 88

-133. 19

1. 70 4d6 (a 5D)6s e 4 D 3K 44102. 00 -702. 36

-463. 48

-229. 92

2K

IK

23455. 21

23588. 40

1. 90

2. 42

2K

IK

OK

44804. 36

45267. 84

45497. 76 4

6 (a 5 D)5p «J»D° 4K 27369. 78 -290. 31

-280. 63

-210. 56

-145. 41

1. 53 3 K 27660. 09 1. 57 4d5 5s(a'7 S)5d e 8 D IK 44333. 23

4. 30

6. 39

8. 74

12. 67

2K 27940. 72 1. 64 2K 44337. 53 2. 08

IK

OK

28151. 28

28296. 69

1. 85

3. 30

3K

4/2 44343. 92

44352. 66

1. 84

1. 67 5K 44365. 33 1. 66 4

6 (a 5 D)5p z 6F° 5K 30067. 29 -65. 96

-248. 81 - 146. 79

-101. 78

-58. 49

1. 50 4K 30133. 25 1. 41 4d5 5s(al7S)5d / 6D 4K 44919. 07 -66. 46

-85. 49

-37. 60

-81. 08

1. 54

33/2 2K

IK

034

30382. 06

80528. 85

30630. 63

30689. 12

1. 38

1. 29

1. 07

-0. 62

3K

2K

IK

OK

44985. 53

45071. 02

45108. 62

45189. 70

1. 58

1. 66

1. 87

3. 32

4d9 (a 5 D)5p 2 4 F° 4K 31114. 09 -490. 90

-409. 80

-238. 86

1. 37

3K 31604. 99 1. 32 Tc ii(7 S3) Limit 58700

2K 32014. 79 1. 14 IK 82253. 65 0. 85

June 1957.
19

Tc II

(Mo i sequence; 42 electrons) Z=43

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4_p

6 4

d

5 5s 7S3

a

7S3 123100 K I. P. 15.26 volts

Meggers and Scribner first observed this spectrum in 1950, and Meggers reported the

first regularities in 1951. He classified the 10 leading lines arising from the low 7S and 6S

terms, and stressed the similarity between the spectra of Mn n and Tc n. In 1952, he and

Cataldn identified the important low 6D term from the 3d6 configuration, with its leading

component 3461 K above the ground term a

7S. A new description of the spectrum has since been made by Bozman, Corliss, and Meggers,

which covers the range 2054.468 A to 6673.263 A. From these observations the writer has

carried the analysis somewhat further with the aid of Bureau Zeeman data from Bozman.

Unfortunately, the new terms are not connected with the earlier ones because observations are lacking in the region short of 2054 A. The writer has arbitrarily adopted 24000 K for a

6 G5 , with the correction, x, to be determined later when the line list has been extended. Trees has

predicted the theoretical position of this 6 G term at 22500 ±1000 K.

There are about 50 classified lines, but the analysis is seriously incomplete. Intersystem

combinations connect the terms in the table that need no correction, x. No series are known, but Cataldn and Rico have interpolated the limit quoted here, by

comparison with neighboring second spectra in the second long period.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and B. F. Scribner, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 45, 476, RP 2161 (1950).

W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 7, RP 2221 (1951). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and M. A. Cataldn, unpublished material (1952). (T) (C L)

M. A. Cataldn y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. Fisica. y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 334 (1952) and letter (December 1956). (I P) R. E. Trees, unpublished material (1956). (T)

W. R. Bozman, unpublished material (1956). (Z E)

C. E. Moore, unpublished material (June 1957). (T) (C L)

Tc II Tc II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d5

(

6 S)5s a

7 S 3 0. 00 2. 02 4d5

(

4 G)5p z8 G° 2 59034. 69 +x 193. 06

184. 45

168. 98

176. 47

59. 14

648. 74

472. 53

224. 61

0. 42

3 59227. 75 +x 0. 90

4d8 a

5 D 4 3461. 27 —755. 90

-452. 05

-291. 92

-139. 84

1. 47 4 59412. 20+x 1. 16

3 4217. 17 1. 50 5 59581. 18+x 1. 26

2

10

4669. 22

4961. 14

5100. 98

1. 52

1. 56

0/0 4<35

(

4 G)5p z5 H°

6

3

59757. 65 +x

60535. 64+x

1. 36

0. 54

4d5

(

6S)5s 4 60594. 78 +x 0. 97

a

5 S 2 12617. 20 2. 04 5 61243. 52+x

6 61716. 05 +x 1. 24

4d5 (

5 G)5s a 6 G 2 23838. 39+x 78. 78

61. 48

46. 23

-24. 88

0. 37 7 6 1940. 66 +x 1. 31

3 23917. 17 +x 0. 89

4 23978. 65 +x 1. 15 4d5

(

4 G)5p z

5 F° 1 60707. 68 +x

321. 56

318. 44

71. 47

383. 93

0. 04

5 24024. 88 +x 1. 30 2 61029. 24 +x

6 24000. 00 +x 1. 32 3 61347. 68+x 1. 15 4d5

(6 S)5p

4 61419. 15+x 1. 34

2

7 P° 2 87767. 21

535. 59

1005. 58

2. 36 5 61808. 08 +x 1. 41

348S802. 80

39308. 38

1. 88

1. 78

4d5

(

6S)5p 2

5 P° 3 43500. 96

43741. 33 - 240. 37

-163. 67

1. 65 Tc iii(8S2H) Limit 123100

2 1. 86

1 43905. 00 2. 50

June 1957.
RUTHENIUM

Ru I

44 electrons Z=44

Ground state Is2 2s2 2^6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4^6 4d1 5s 5F5

a

5F6 59410 K I. P. 7.364 volts

The first significant regularities in the Ru i spectrum were reported in 1925 by Meggers

and Laporte and by Sommer. In 1926 relative term values confirmed by observed gr-values were published by these authors. Harrison and McNally derived improved g-values from

Zeeman observations made at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and extended the

analysis in 1940. Later, McNally carried this work further. His unpublished 1941 manuscript includes 61 even and 188 odd levels, and has been made available to the National Bureau

of Standards for further study of Ru i. Kessler and Meggers reobserved the spectrum, and in 1955 published a complete new

description which Kessler has used to extend the analysis. His manuscript has been furnished

in advance of publication, and used for the data in the table. He has adjusted all level values

to fit the 1955 observations. Most of the observed gr-values in the table are from the 1940

and 1941 work of Harrison and McNally. A few additional ones are from Zeeman spectrograms taken in 1949 by Meggers with the Bitter magnet at the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology, and measured by Kessler.

At present 100 even and 205 odd levels are known, and there are approximately 3250

classified lines between 2013.95 A and 11483.91 A. Many observed intersystem combinations

connect the systems of terms of different multiplicity.

The more dubious configuration assignments are indicated by a colon in the first column

of the table. Members of fragmentary terms have a designation entered in parentheses in

column two, along with a number labeling the level as miscellaneous. Extensive theoretical

study of Ru i by Trees confirms in detail the observed values of the low even terms, and has

been an invaluable guide in making a number of the configuration assignments for additional

terms.

The limit quoted above has been derived by Kessler from the two-member series

4d7 (a.

4F)ns 5F5 (n =5,6) , by means of a Rydberg formula, corrected by the factor a= —2.43X 10~6 suggested by Catalan and Rico. They have obtained this Ritz correction from a study of the

series in the first spectra from Rb i through Ag i. The observed limit thus corrected agrees

excellently with the interpolated value 59417 obtained by Catalan and Rico.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and O. Laporte, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 16, 143 (1926). (T) (C L) (Z E)

L. A. Sommer, Zeit. Phys. 37, 1 (1926). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

G. R. Harrison and J. R. McNally, Jr., Phys. Rev. 58, 703 (1940). (T) (C L) (Z E)

J. R. McNally, Jr., Thesis, Mass. Inst. Tech., unpublished (June 1941). (T) (C L) (Z E)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952). (I P) K. G. Kessler and W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 55, 97, RP 2609 (1955). K. Murakawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 10 , 919 (1955). (hfs) R. E. Trees, unpublished material (February 1957). K. G. Kessler, unpublished material (February 1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
21

Ru i Ru i

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 4c/ 7 (o 4 F)5s a 5JP 54321

0. 00

1190. 64

2091. 54

2713. 24

3105. 49

-1190. 64

-900. 90

-621. 70

-392. 25

1. 397

1. 349

1. 249

1. 000

0. 000 4d7 (a 4 F)5p z 6 D° 43210

26312. 83

27506. 59

28465. 69

29118. 49

29569. 90

-1193. 76 -959. 10 - 652. 80

-451. 41

1. 486

1. 425

1. 324

0. 953

0/0 4d7 (a 4 F)5s

4c/« 5s2 aa 3 F5 D 43243210

6545. 03

8084. 12

9183. 66

7483. 07

8575. 42

9057. 64

9072. 98

9492. 37 - 1539. 09 - 1099. 54 - 1092. 35

-482. 22 - 15. 34

-419. 39

1. 284

1. 196

1. 089

1. 447

1. 420

1. 232

1. 795

0/0

4d7 (a 4 F)5p

4d7 (a 2 F)5s: zd

6p° 3 F 54321432

26816. 23

28014. 79

28890. 47

29427. 32

29693. 57

27289. 24

27516. 57

-1198. 56

-875. 68

-536. 85

-266. 25

-227. 33

1. 394

1. 364

1. 293

1. 164

0. 567

4c/ 7 (cr 4 P)5s a

sp 3 8770. 93 727 24 1. 624 4d7 (a 4 F)5p z 3 G° 5 28495. 10 -1395. 81 -1961. 99

1. 230 21 8043. 69

9620. 29 - 1576. 60 1. 536

1. 985 43 29890. 91

31852. 90 0. 868

4c/8 6 3 F 432

9120. 63

10654. 62

11447. 31 -1533. 99

-792. 69

1. 255

1. 086

0. 764 4d7 (a 4 F)5p z 5 G° 654

28571. 89

30279. 68

31345. 79 - 1707. 79 -1066. 11 808. 73

-421. 74

1. 379

1. 263

1. Ill 3 30537. 06 0. 944

Ad7 (a 2 P)5s a 3 P 21 10623. 53

11786. 05

-1162. 52

33. 43

1. 534

1. 684 2 30958. 80 0. 375 0 11752. 62 0/0 4c/6 5s (a 6 D)5p z

7]?° 6 29160. 46 -307. 58

-126. 52

-297. 34 - 126. 44

-67. 04

-29. 87

1. 462 4d7 (a 2 G)5s a 3 G 5 12207. 05 609 64 1. 190 54

29468. 04

29594. 56

1. 474

1. 370 43 12816. 69

13699. 07

-882. 38 1. 033

0. 757 32 29891. 90

30018. 34 1. 497 1 30085. 38

4c?7 (a 4 P)5s

b 3 P 2 13645. 75 -335. 92 - 845. 83

1. 315 0 30115. 25 0/0 10

13981. 67

14827. 50

1. 441

0/0 4c/6 5s2 b 3 D 1 4d7 (a 2 G)5s a l G 4 14700. 32 0. 992 23 29352. 41 29979. 00 626. 59

4c/7 (o 2 D)5s a 3 D 3 16190. 61 1136 54 1. 333 4d6 5s (a 6 D)5p z 7p° 4 30250. 40 -1134. 24

-958. 65

1. 656 2 15054. 07 -1658. 51 1. 162 3 31384. 64 1. 895 1 16712. 58 0. 676 2 32343. SO 2. 059

4d7 (a 2 Hi 5s a 3 H 6 15550. 16 689 97 1. 164 4c/7 (a 4 F)5p z 3 J?° 4 30348. 45 -2043. 50 - 780. 07

1. 276 54

16240. 13

17096. 87

-856. 74 1. 041

0. 834 32 32391. 95

33172. 02

1. 133

1. 026

4c/7 (a 2 D)5s a iD 2 17045. 97 1. 175 4c/7 (a 4 F)5p z 3 D° 3 31044- 35 -1163. 30

-1372. 57

1. 204 2 32207. 65 1. 032

4c/ 7 (a 2 H) 5s a 5 20055. 71 1. 007 1 33580. 22 0. 522

4c/ 7 (a 2 P)5s a 7 P 1 20242. 01 0. 927 4c/ 7 (a 4 P)5p z ®S° 2 31186. 03 2. 034

4c/8 c 3 P 2 20933. 75 -1358. 89

-1881. 04?

-776. 37

76. 32

1. 343 4c/6 5s (a 6D)5p

y 5 D° 4 33446. 84

16. 19 -298. 01 -362. 40

-288. 58

1. 492

4c/6 5s2 c 3 F 104

22292. 64

24173. 68?

21643. 09

1. 35

1. 08 3210

33430. 65

33728. 66

34091. 06

34379. 64

1. 496

1. 477

1. 522

0/0 3 22419. 46 1. 070 2 22343. 14 0. 697 4c/6 5s (a 6 D)5p z 5po 3 34072. 41 -809. 51 - 164. 85

1. 646 4c/e 5s2 b 3 H 6 22162. 06 -356. 82 - 485. 89

1. 063 21 34881. 92

35046. 77

1. 808

2. 385 5 22518. 88 0. 99 4 23004. 77 0. 91? 4c/6 5s (a 6 D)5p V

spo 5 34772. 55 - 698. 60

-335. 47 -157. 25

-274. 90

1. 402

4c/8 b »G 4 23392. 60 0. 950 432

35471. 15

35806. 62

35963. 87

1. 364

1. 276

1. 069

4c/8 b iD 2 23453. 47 1. 162 1 36238. 77 0. 145

4c/6 5s2 d 3 P? 2 24927. 48 -2633. 11 4c/ 7 (a 4 P)5p X «D° 4 36542. 62 824 40 1. 481

4c/6 5s (a 6D)5p 10 27560. 59 321

37367. 02

37667. 86

38200. 40

-300. 84

-532. 54

398. 17

1. 379

1. 442

1. 569 z 7 D° 5 25214. 16 -250. 33

-571. 07

437 18

1. 592 0 37802. 23 0/0 4 25464. 49 1. 625 3 26035. 56 1. 737 4c/7 (a 4 P)5p y 3 D° 3 36760. 34 -204. 94 - 654. 24

1. 426 21 26472. 74 267SO. 46

-307. 72 1. 992 21 36965. 28

37619. 52

1. 173

0. 756

4c/6 5s2 b 3 G 543

25602. 60

25642. 69

26075. 70 - 40. 09

-433. 01 4d7 {a 4 P)5p z 3p° 210

37118. 90

37346. 74

37472. 88

-227. 84

-126. 14

1. 469

1. 311

0/0
22

Ru I—Continued Ru i—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4c?7 (a 2 G)5p y

3jr° 4 38243. 38 11 QO 39 1. 107 4c?7 (a 2 H)5p y

3 H° 6 43548. 67 560 74 1. 162

3 39433. 70 -999. 530. 968 5 44109. 41 -552. 60 1. 033

2 40433. 23 0. 889 4 44662. 01 0. 925

4c?7 (a 2 G)5p z

3 H° 6 38897. 50

600. 41 -976. 19

1. 174 4c?7 (a 2 H)5p y

1 H° 5 43596. 58 1. 03

54

38297. 09

39273. 28

1. 048

0. 895 w 3 G° 5 43742. 81 - 120. 101. 272

4 43862. 91

4c?7 (a 4 P)5p z

3 S° 1 38587. 14 1. 566 3

4c?7 (cz 4 P)5p y

5p° 3 38706. 36 - 302. 26 - 764. 87

1. 631 4c?7 (a 2 P)5p y 'D° 2 43903. 41 1. 026

2 39008. 62 1. 713

1 39773. 49 2. 315 2°(5 G°) 6 43998. 60 1. 219

4c?7 (a 2 G)5p z iG° 4 39037. 18 1. 115 4c?7 (a 2 D)5p X

3 P° 2

10

44234. 68 1. 422

4c?7 (a 2 G)5p y

3 G° 5 39450. 66 -825. 95

41. 22

1. 142

4 40276. 61 1. 035

3 40235. 39 0. 890 4c?6 5s (a 4 D)5p w 5 D° 4 44243. 49 -827. 91 -719. 01

-400. 99

-274. 95

1. 473

4c?7 (a 2 P)5p

3 45071. 40 1. 449

y

3p° 2 39742. 03 174 51 1. 299 2 45790. 41 1. 484

1 39916.54

22. 04 1. 606 1 46191. 40 1. 439

0 39894. 50 0/0 0 46466. 35

1°(3 F°) 4 40439. 25 1. 196 3°(3 P°) 1 44301. 14 1. 350

4c?7 (a 2 G)5p z

1 H° 5 40616. 22 1. 020 4c?8 5s (0 4 D)5p x

6F° 5 44321. 81 9«p; ftn 1. 303

Ad7 (a 2 P)5p X

3 D° 3 40768. 15 1239 11

1. 159

4

3 44607. 61

44800. 81 -193. 20

-791. 52 2 42007. 26

990. 61

1. 007 2 45592. S3

1 41 01 6. 65 0. 895 1 Ad7 {a 2 G)5p z ip° 3 40948. 65 1. 137 4° 3 44441. 59 0. 76

4c?7 (a 2 D)5p X

3p° 2 41182. 94

77. 10

1086. 86

0. 887 5°(S G°) 2 44891. 40 0. 383

3 41260. 04 1. 235

4 42346. 90 1. 247 4c?8 5s (6 4 P)5p y

5 S° 2 45197. 37 2. 224

4c?7 (a 4 F)6s e

5F 54

32

1

41256. 40

43018. 57

44176. 23

43892. 09

44343. 91

-1762. 17 -1157. 66

284. 14 -451. 82

4c?7 (a 2 F)5p:

4c?7 (0 2 H)5p

x

1 F°

y

! G°

6°

34

3

45201. 98

45364. 72

45475. 77

1. 059

0. 962

1. 547

4c?7 (a 2 D)5p w 3 D° 3 41482. 66 -1051. 15 -360. 61

1. 286 4c?7 (a 2 F)5p: x

4 G° 4 45528. 61 1. 08

2 42533. 81 1. 025

1 42894. 42 0. 810 7° 3 45549. 51

4c?7 (a 2 H)5p z

3 7 42260. 53

682. 78 - 1400. 53

1. 146 4c?7 (a 4 F)6p: w 3 F° 4 45755. 55 1191 03

1. 022

0. 702

65 41577. 75

42978. 28

1. 013

0. 861

3246946. 58

47247. 98 -301. 40

4c?7 (a 2 H)5p X

3 G° 54

3

41739. SO

42939. 12

43975. 79

-1199. 82 - 1036. 67

1. 197

0. 934

t

3 D° 32

1 45923. 36

46499. 70

-576. 34 1. 089

0. 72

4c?7 (a 2 D)5p z iD° 2 41756. 15 1. 182 8° 1 45978. 14 0. 44

4c?7 (a 4 F)6s e

3 F 4

3

2

41825. 23

43115. 47

44970. 04 - 1290. 24 - 1854. 57

9°

10°

1446056. 23

46067. 24

1. 115

V

3 D° 32

41880. 85

42897. 23 -1016. 38 1. 163 11° 0 46102. 93 0/0

1 12° 4 46273. 20

4c?7 (a 2 H)5p z ip 6 42404. 14 ? 13° 4 46400. 58

4c?7 (a 2 P)5p

4c?7 (a 2 P)5p

z ipo 1 42415. 81 0. 965

4c?8 5s (b 2 H)5p: x

1 H° 5 46495. 05 1. 030

z JS° 0 42620. 80 0/0

A 4 42895. 39

4c?7 (a 2 D)5p: y ‘P0 1 46528. 26 1. 05

4c?7 (a 2 D)5p y

i F

° 3 42998. 31 0. 995

14° 4 46695. 02

4c?7 (a 2 P)5p y

3 S° 1 43107. 52 1. 533 4c?8 5s (b 4 P)5p x

5 P° 3 46746. 35 — 57 25

2 46803. 60 -696. 94 u 3 D° 3 1 47500. 54

2 43509. 17 -332. 36 1. 158

1 43841. 53 0. 800 15° 1 46789. 23
23

Ru i—Continued Ru I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d

7 (a 4 F)5d: /

6F 54

3

o

46906. 32

48543. 88

48809. 28 - 1637. 56

-265. 40

38°

39°

4

1

48597. 45

48604. 34

1. 208

2. 06

i 40° 3 48765. 88

4d

7 (a 4 F)5d: e

5D 4 46972. 42 -215. 90 - 1532. 55

-792. 46?

1. 36 41° 2 48779. 15

3

2

1

47188. 32

48720. 87

49513. 33?

42° 4 48853. 69 1. 23

0 43° 3 48938. 93

4<P(a 4 F)5d: e

5 G 6

5

46991. 15

48521. 77 - 1530. 62

44° 2 49037. 85

4 45° 1 49047. 61

3 49553. 73

2 46° 3 49141. 42

16° 3 47046. 54 1. 058 47° 4 49165. 05

4d7 (o:4 F)5i: e

3 G 54

3

47084. 80

48727. 68

49675. 97

-1642. 88

-948. 29

1. 19 4d

7 (a 4 P)5d e

5P 32

1

49291. 06

50172. 84 -881. 78

17° 4 47157. 28 1. 24 48° 3 49303. 88? 18°(5D°) 0 47176. 90 49° 1 49408. 97

19° 4 47261. 52 1. 12 50° 2 49417. 50

4d7 (a 4 F) 6p: s

3 D° 3 47889. 32 -208. 01 1. 377 51° 4? 49447. 53

2 47547. 88 1. 057

1 M6 5s(a 9 D)5<2 e

6S 2 49489. 56

20°(5D°) 2 47345. 10 1. 55 C (

7 F) 5 49592. 90

21° 5 47425. 17 4d6 5s (a 6 D)5cZ: /

7 D 54 49624. 26

B (3 F) 4 47486. 96 3 22° 3 47526. 09 1. 134

2

1 51058. 64

52729. 80 -1671. 16

23° 3 47635. 33 1. 06 52° 4 49722. 18

24° 5 47642. 87 53° 1 49761. 61

25° 3 47788. 72 54° 3? 49918. 28? 26° 1 47809. 11 v

3 G° 3 27° 4 49949. 25

173. 16 4 47817. 84 5 50122. 41 1. 16 28° 3 47868. 35 1. 309 55° 2 49970. 65

29° 3 48008. 00 56° 2 50027. 96

30° 4 48109. 82 57° 1 50192. 07

31° 4 48148. 98 58° 1 50338. 99

32°

33°

2

2

48164. 79

48826. 73 1. 08

4d6 5s(a'6D)6s /

5 D 4

3

2

50350. 52

51364. 82

52001. 35

-1014 30

-636. 53

4d« 5s (o 6 D)6s e

7 D 5 48386. 33 -848. 82

-781. 55

-523. 11 -79. 09

1. 602

10 4

3

2

49235. 15 50016. 70

50539. 81

1. 649

59° 3 50351. 98

1 50618. 88 60° 1 50772. 05

34° 3 48405. 09 1. 14 61° 4 51860. 21 1. 094

4d7 (o 4 F)5tf: e

3 D 32

48489. 66

49757. 88 - 1268. 22 1. 28 D 3 52455. 23

1 62° 4 58717. 63

35° 3 48498. 01 E 4 54043. 38

36° 5 48503. 30

37° 3? 48570. 85 Ru ii(4 F4W) Limit 59410

February 1957.
Rui

Observed

Terms*

24
25

Ru ii

(Tc i sequence; 43 electrons) Z=44

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s

2 4_p6 4

d

7 4F^$

a

4F4* 135200 K I. P. 16.76 volts

The analysis is mostly by Shenstone, who placed Ru n on his program especially in order

to provide the data for inclusion here, since the first regularities reported by Meggers and himself in 1930 had not been extended. A complete description of the spectrum, together with

measurements for Zeeman patterns from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology spectrograms, was furnished him by Meggers. The Bureau observations extend from 2005.69 A to 6662.68 A. These were supplemented by Princeton observations in the short-wave region

extending to 1055 A.

There are about 1400 classified lines, including nearly all of the stronger lines. Observed

intersj^stem combinations connect the terms of different multiplicity. It is noteworthy that

all terms from the 4gF configuration have been 'found.

The limit is from Cataldn and Rico who have derived it by a comparison of second spectra

from Sr to Cd.

REFERENCES

K. G. Kessler and W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std., 55, 97, RP 2609 (1955).

W. F. Meggers, unpublished material (May 1955). (Z E).

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, letter (December 1956). (I P)

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (October 1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E).

Ru II Ru ii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d? a

4 F 4%

3H

2H

1/2

0. 0

1523.-4 2494. 2

3104. 7

-1523. 4

-970. 8 -610. 5

4d7 a 4 P 2y2 i H

0H

8256. 7

8477. 4

9373. 4

-220. 7 -896. 0

1. 57

1. 68

2. 61

4d®(5D)5s a

6D 4H

3H

2H

iH

0H

9151. 5 10150. 6 10851. 8

11303. 6 11604. 1

-999. 1 -701. 2 -451. 8 -300. 5

1. 54

1. 576

1. 637

1. 843

3. 271

4d? a 2 G 4H

3H

10360. 9 12293. 4 - 1432. 5

4d? a

2 P iH

0H

12956. 6

14799. 5 - 1842. 9

4d? a

2 D 2H 14581. 2 17017. 6 -2436. 4

1. 2?

4d‘ a 2 H 5H

4H

14663. 4

16125. 0 -1461. 6

4d6

(5D)5s a 4 D 3H

2H

IH

OH

19378. 7 20514 9 21246. 2 21645. 5

-1136. 2 -731. 3 -399. 3

1. 403

1. 337

1. 188

0. 0

4d? a

2 F 2H

3H

21557. 8 22289. 0

731. 2

0. 864

1. 141 4d6

(

3 H)5s a

4 H 6H

5H

4H

3H

25952. 2

26109. 5

26118. 4

26468. 1

- 157. 3 -8. 9 -349. 7

1. 23

1. 16

1. 14

0. 753

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d6 (

3P) 5s b

4P 2H 26911. 4 -2179. 6 - 1398. 3

1. 572

IH

OH

29091. 0

30489. 3

1. 636

2. 541

4d8

(3F)5s b

4F 4H 27544 6 -404 2 - 190. 0 -356. 5

1. 200

3H

2H

1/2

27948. 8

28138. 8

28495. 3

1. 092

0. 940

0. 415

4da (

3 G) 5s a 4 G 5/ 29018. 6 — 1081. 1 -339. 9

146. 5

1. 237

4H

3H

30099. 7 30439. 61. 167

1. 021

2/2 30293. 1 0. 649

4d6

(

3 H)5s b

2 H 5H 32623. 0 -63. 7

1. 072

4H 32686. 7 0. 958

4d6

(3 D)5s b

4 D OH 32960. 9 -72. 5

130. 6

313. 5

0. 135

iH

2H

32888. 4

33019. 0

1. 200

1. 344

3H 33332. 5 1. 397

4d6 (

3P) 5s b

2 P 1/2 33734 9 -2360. 0

1. 188

0/2 36094. 9 0. 870

4d8 (

3 F)5s b

2 F 3H 34038. 4 - 1260. 1

1. 083

2/2 35298. 5 0. 945

4d2 b

2 D iH 34793. 3

35. 9

0. 965

2H 34829. 2 1. 102

4d

5 5s2 a 8S 2H 35857. 6

4d«(il)5s a 2 I 6H 35939. 7 -290. 1

1. 08

5H 36229. 8 0. 90

4d6 (

3 G)5s b

2 G 4H 36016. 0 -499. 8

1. 067

3H 36515. 8 0. 883
26

Ru II—Continued Ru ii—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d8 (‘G)5s c 2 G 4H 37433. 1 -548. 5

1. 078

y 3/2 37981. 6 0. 942 4d! 4 D° 3H 8 ( 3 P)5p 66338. 0 -2436. 0

874. 0

1266. 7

1. 343

2H 68774. 0 1. 308

4d8 (3 D)5s c 2 D 2H 38981. 9 -730. 1

1. 2 1/2 67900. 0 1. 234

IH 39712. 0 0. 789 OH 66633. 3 0. 775

4c?6 ( l S) 5s a 2 S OH 40226. 2 2. 0? 4c?8 (3 F)5p X 4 D° OH 68097. 0 -993. 8

-452. 5

1578. 5

0. 385

4d8 ( 1 D)5s d 2 D iH 42750. 2 R^Q 7

0. 80

iH

2H

67103. 2

66650. 7

1. 187

1. 281

2K 43609. 9 1. 20 3H 68229. 2 0. 961

4<i8 ( 5 D)5p 0 8 D° 4H 46470. 9 1. 530 4d8 (3 F)5p

y 4 G° 5H 67601. 7

436. 3 -480. 7 -300. 6

1. 164 3 H 46711. 4 -573. 5 49R ^

1. 568 4H 67165. 4 1. 158

2H 47284. 9 1. 634 3H 67646. 1 1. 02

1H 47708. 4 -275. 3

1. 840 2H 67946. 7 0. 687

OH 47983. 7 3. 288

4d8 (3 H)5p z 2 H° 5H 67501. 4 -619. 0

1. 13 4d8 (5 D)5p 2 8F° 5 H 50758. 2 -87. 1 -17. 2 -316. 9 - 137. 2 -63. 2

1. 45 4H 68120. 4 1. 013

4H 50845. 3 1. 43

3H 50862. 5 1. 457 4eZ8 (3 G)5p

x 4 F° 4/2 67901. 3 - 1502. 7 -242. 6

26. 5

1. 19 2H 51179. 4 1. 302 3/2 69404. 0 1. 059

1H 51316. 6 1. 046 2/2 69646. 6 0. 98

OH 51379. 8 -0. 59 1/ 69620. 1 0. 65

4d8 (5 D)5p 2 8 P° 3H 51548. 8 1971 ^ 1.‘580 4eZ8 (3 F)5p

y 2 G° 3H 68265. 6

915. 3

1. 028

2H 52820. 3 -864. 8

1. 835 4H 69180. 9 1. 055

1H 53685. 1 2. 365

4d8 (3 G)5p

x 4 G° 5/2 68328. 3 -578. 2 -646. 1 498. 01. 152

4<i8 (5 D)5p 2 4 F° 4H 52964. 3 -1261. 1 -568. 8

-429. 7

1. 346 4/2 68906. 5 1. 21 3H 54225. 4 1. 262 3/2 69552. 6 1. 02

2H 54794. 2 1. 071 2/2 69054. 6 0. 706

1H 55223. 9 0. 470

4d8 (3 P)5p 0 2 P° IH 68445. 9 -993. 6

1. 16 4d8 (5D)5p 2 4 D° 3H 53316. 9 -748. 2 -598. 1 -318. 0

1. 40 OH 69439. 5 0. 829

2H 54065. 1 1. 347

1H 54663. 2 1. 143 4d8 (3 G)5pV 4 H° 6H 69311. 2 -335. 6

34. 0

-42. 6

1. 196

OH 54981. 2 0. 0 5H 69646. 8 1. 12

4cZ8 (6 D)5p 2 4 P° 2H 55694. 9 -969. 7 -598. 71. 571

4H

3H

69612. 8

69655. 4

1. 0

0. 798

1H 56664. 6 1. 712

OH 57263. 3 2. 648 1° iH 70150. 71 1. 209

4d8 (3 P)5p 2 4 S° iH 62446. 3 1. 789 4d«(3 F) 5p

y 2 D° 2H 70571. 1 -208. 4

1. 157 1 / 70779. 5 0. 745

4d8 (3 H)5p 2 4 H° 3H 62526. 6

380. 7

400. 5

280. 5

0. 960

4H 62907. 3 1. 023 4d8 (3 P)5p 0 2 S° OH 71036. 2 2. 047 5H

6H

63307. 8

63588. 3

1. 088

1. 13 4<Z8 (3 D)5p

x 4 P° 2H 71115. 0 -751. 5 - 1329. 0

1. 246

4<28 (3 H)5p 2 4 G° 5H 63518. 5 -332. 8

-89. 8 -84 2

1. 24

iH

OH

71866. 5

73195. 5

1. 567

1. 749

4H 63851. 3 1. 133

3H 63941. 1 0. 979 4d8 (3 G)5p

y 2H° 5H 71202. 9 -723. 6

0. 73?

2H 64025. 3 0. 646 4H 71926. 5 0. 98

4d8 (3 P)5p

y 4 P° 2H 63797. 3 -1710. 8

1. 295 4<28 (3 G)5p

y 2 F° 2H 71598. 6

411. 9

1. 17? iH 65508. 1 1. 85? 3/2 72010. 5 1. 116

OH

4d8 (3 D)5p

x 2 F° 2H

4d8 (3 H)5p 2 4 I° 4H 64885. 3

1086. 9

726. 6 -939. 0

0. 960 3/2 72248. 5 1. 137 5H 65472. 2 1. 052

6H 66198. 8 1. 03 4d8 (3 D)5p

w 4 F° IH 72523. 5

446. 7

171. 9

76. 2

0. 490 7H 65259. 81 2H 72970. 2 0. 9 3H 73142. 1 1. 30

4d8 (3 F)5p

y 4 F° iH 64921. 7 -457. 9

285. 0

577. 8

0. 428 4H 73218. 3 1. 30

2H 64463. 8 1. 022

4d8 (3 H)5p 2 2 G°

3H

4H

64748. 8

65326. 6

1. 044

1. 132

4d5 5s (7 S) 5p

y #P° iH

2H

3H

72760. 7

72908. 8

73213. 2

148. 1 304. 4

1. 712

3H 65213. 0

563. 3

1. 032

4H 65776. 3 0. 994 2° iH 72786. 0

4d8 (3 P)5p 2 2 D° 2H

1/2 65244- 8 1. 325

4d8 (1 l) 5p 0 2 K° 7H 72903. Of -339. 0

6H 73242. 01 4d8 (3 H)5p 2 2 I° 6H 65546. 6 -702. 8

1. 12 5H 66249. 4 1. 05 4<i8 (3 D)5p

w 4 D° OH 73749. 5 0. 552 -433. 7 -31. 8

1310. 0

iH 73315. 8 1. 20

4d«(3 F)5p 2 2 F° 3H 66012. 3 - 1086. 9

1. 199 2H 73284. 0 1. 30

2H 67099. 2 0. 850 3H 74594. 

1. 13
27

Ru II—Continued Ru II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d«(1 I)5p x

2 H° 4/ 73353. 4 587. 2

0. 96 3° 334 79503. 6

534 73350. 5 1. 09

4d5 5s(5S)5p w 4 P° 234 81721. 7 -517. 8 -411. 3 4d6 (

3 G)5p 60 3y2 73310. 3

235. 6

1. 114 ix 82239. 5

4^2 74045. 3 0. 713 034 82650. 8

4d6 (

3 D)5p X

2 D° l H 74533. 3

525. 1

0. 8 4d6

(

5D)6s e6 D 4/2 84510. 9

2/2 75117. 4 1. 2 3/

1. 05?

2/2 4d«(1 G)5p w 2 G° 4X 75346. 3 -85. 4

1/2 334 75431. 7 0. 911 oy2 4d6 (

1 G) op w 2 H° 5J4 75662. 1 -726. 9

1. 08 4d6 (

5D) 6s e

4 D 3/2 86440. 4 - 1083. 0

434 76389. 0 0. 94 234 87523. 4

1/2 4d6

(

1 I) 5p y

2 I° 634 75789. 5 - 135. 9

1. 08 0/2

534 75925. 4 0. 92

4d5 5s(5S)6p x ®P° 3 / 90165. 2 -664. 7 -673. 8 4d6 0G)5p w 2 F° 334 76977. 0 1. 14 2X 90829. 9

4d6

(

1 D)5p y

2 P°

234

1/4 77292. 7 1. 33

IX 91503. 7

Ru iii(5D4) Limit 135200

034

4d«(1 D)5p w 2 D° 2/ 77819. 0 -798. 1

1. 07

1/2 78617. 1 0. 86

4d6 (

1D) 5p v

2 F° 2/4 79114. 9

689. 1

1 . 0

334 79804. 0 1. 046

October 1957. Ru ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 +

Observed Terms

4d7

4d5 5s2

11 o«S

a 4 P

a

2 P a

2 D

b

2 D

a

4F

a

2 F a 2 G a 2 H

ns (n> 5) np (n>5)

4d6 (

5D)nx

{

a, e

6D

a, e

4 D

3

6P°

Z

4 P°

z

6D°

z

4 D°

z

6F°

z

4 F°

4d5 5s(7S)nx y

6P°

4d5 5s(5 S)rex {

x«P° w 4 P°

4d6 (

3 H)nx

{

a

4 H

b

2 H

z

4 G°

z

2 G°

z

4 H°

z

2 H°

z

4 I°

z

2 I°

4d6

(3 P)nx

{

b

4 P

b

2 P

z

4 S°

z

2 S° y

4 P°

z

2 P°

y

4 D°

z

2 D°

4d6

(

3 F)nx

{

b

4F

b

2 F

x

4 D°

y

2 D° M

«£ 0

0

<Ci 660

0

4d8 (

3 G) nx

{

a

4 G

b

2 G

O

O

PR X

4 G°

x

2 G°

y

4 H°

y

2 H°

4d6 (

3 D)nx

{

b

4 D

c

2 D

x

4 P° w 4 D°

x

2 D° w 4 F°

X

2 F°

4d6

(

1 I)nx a 2 I x2 H° y

2 I° z2K°

4d6

(

1 G)nx c

2 G w 2 F° w 2 G° w 2 H°

4d6 (

1 S)nx a

2 S

4d6

(

1 D)nx d 2 D y

2 P° w 2 D° v2 F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Tc i isoelectronic sequence, see Volume hi, Introduction.
28

Ru ill

(Mo i sequence; 42 electrons) Z=44

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d6 6D4

4d6 6D4 229600 K I. P. 28.46 volts

The analysis is by Shenstone, who has investigated Ru in especially for inclusion here.

He has observed the spectrum from 600 A to 4004 A and classified 40 lines. The quintet and

septet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

He derives the limit 225900 from the ns series by means of a Ritz formula, with a=

1.033X10-6

. This value of a represents a(Fe m)x{a(Ag n)/a(Cu n)}. Catalan and Rico

have interpolated the quoted limit by comparison of the third spectra from Y to In. REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (June 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957). (I P)

Ru III Ru in

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d6 4d

6 5D 4 0. 0 -1158. 8 -667. 5 -440. 0 -209. 7

4d5

( 6S)5d 5d 7 D 1 137218. 6?

32. 4

52. 6

80. 2

118. 8

3 1158. 8 2 137251. 0

2 1826. 3 3 137303. 6

102266. 3 2476. 0 4

5 137383. 8

137502. 6 4d5

(6S)5s 5s 7 S 3 27162. 8 4d5 (

6S)6s 6s 7 S 3 137482. 3 4d5 (

6S)5s 5s «S 2 41111. 7 4d5 (

6S)6s 6s «S 2 139692. 3

4ds(eS)5p 5p 7P° 2 76056. 1 859. 5

1757. 9

4d5

( 6S)5d 5d 6D 0

3476915. 6

78673. 5

12

140345. 8? 140487. 6

141. 8 -40. 4 -27. 7

3 140447. 2 4d5

(6S)5p 5p

6P° 3 83997. 9 -489. 2 -335. 8

4 140419. 5

2

1 84487. 1 84822. 9

Ru iv(6S 2}<j) Limit — 229600

February 1957.
RHODIUM

Rhi

45 electrons Z=45

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d

8 5s 4F4^

a

4F4Ka 60197 K I. P. 7.46 volts

The first spectrum of rhodium has a unique place in the history of atomic spectra. In

1901 C. P. Snyder published an array of Rhi wave numbers consisting of 19 columns and 54

rows, accounting for 476 Rh i lines. The significance of this work was not appreciated until

years later when regularities were found in many spectra. It may be said fairly that this work

anticipated by years the long series of investigations culminating in the Hund theory of atomic

spectra. All efforts to contact this author have failed—and yet spectroscopists are deeply

indebted to him for his remarkable pioneer work illustrating in detail the correct approach

to the study of complex spectra.

In 1927 Sommer extended the early work on this spectrum by Meggers and Laporte.

He published an extensive analysis including about 1000 classified lines between 2288.53 A

and 8425.51 A, 136 energy levels, and numerous Zeeman observations. He derived the limit

62000 K from the 4F- and 2F-series of two members each, by using a Rydberg formula.

Subsequently Molnar and Hitchcock observed the Rhi spectrum at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology, and revised the anatysis with the aid of extensive Zeeman observations made with the Bitter magnet. The data in the table are from their paper. They derived improved values for the energy levels throughout the spectrum, added 14 energy levels,

and rejected 19 of Sommer’s miscellaneous levels. Of these, one at 53233.8 may be a misprint for a possible level at 53223.85 with J—lYz or 2%. Two others at 55898.60 (J= 2%)

and 63891.07 (J= 3%), respectively, may be real, although the combinations are limited to faint lines. There are about 950 classified lines between 1987.84 A and 8615.23 A. The

doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

The following changes in notation have been introduced into the table:

Designation

Molnar and

Hitchcock Adopted AEL

e

2 D a2 D

a

2 D b2 D

c

2 F e

2 F

c

4 F e

4 F

x

2 P° y

2 P°

y

2 P° x 2 P°

x

2 F° y

2 F°

y

2 F° x

2 F°
30

Rh i—Continued

The writer has also interchanged the configuration assignments of the two 2P° terms having

singlet limits so that the lower one, here called y

2P°, has the limit *D, and the next higher

one, x

2P°, has the limit ! S. Murphy has recently extended the observations between 6332.96 A and 11021.74 A. He

has added 53 classified lines and the two levels b

4PW and b

2 G3h. The remaining levels of

these terms have been furnished by the writer. A homogeneous line list and further analysis

are needed. No sextet terms have been found, no terms involving d-electrons are known, and

many miscellaneous levels should be assigned their proper term designations and configurations.

The limit quoted here is from Catalan and Rico. They have derived it from a study of

the series in the spectra Rb i to Ag i. REFERENCES

C. P. Snyder, Astroph. J. 14, 179 (1901).

W. F. Meggers and O. Laporte, Phys. Rev. 28, 653 (1926). (T) (C L)

L. A. Sommer, Zeit. Phys. 45, 147 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (E D) (G D)

J. P. Molnar and W. J. Hitchcock, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 30, 523 (1940). (T) (C L) (Z E)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) R. J. Murphy, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, 371, RP 2374 (1952). (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952). (I P)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs)

Rh I Rhl

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d8

(3 F) 5s a

4 F ay2 0. 00 1 ^9Q Q7 1. 329 4<28 (

3 F)5p 2

4 F° a/2 29480. 86 -435. 48

-1608. 16 -802. 93

1. 261

3y2 2)4 1529. 97

2598. 03 - 1068. 06

-874. 65

1. 230

1. 105

3)4 2/

29866. 34

31474. 50

1. 148

0. 834

iy2 3472. 68 0. 473 1 X 82277. 43 0. 556

Ad9 a 2 D 2/2 3309. 86 -2348. 11

1. 116 4d8 (3 F)5p 2

2 G° 4H 31613. 78 -1430. 13 1. 156

i H 5657. 97 0. 744 3y2 33043. 91 0. 991

4d8

(3 F) 5s a

2 F 3>4 5690. 97 -2100. 26 1. 143 4d8 (

3 F)5p 22 F° 3)4 32004. 01 - 1942. 33 1. 120

2>4 7791. 23 0. 947 2/ 33946. 84 1. Oil

4d8 (

3 P)5s a

4 P 2>4 9221. 22 1092 19 1. 478 4d8 (

3 F)5p 2

2 D° 2y2 82046. 32 - 1820. 72 0. 999

1 % 10313. 41 -692. 64 1. 576 1/2 88867. 04 0. 913

oy2 11006. 05 2. 661

4d8 (

3 P)5p 2

4 P° 2)4 85388. 85 -70. 39

-265. 26

1. 470

4d8 (

3 P) 5s a 2 P iy2 11968. 23 -2006. 50 1. 230 35404. 24 1. 451

oy2 13974. 73 0. 681 OH 35669. 50 2. 064

Ad> 5s2 b

4 F 4/2 12723. 07 -2064. 80

1. 317 1° 3 H 86132. 72 1. 473

3 y2 14787. 87 1. 230

4d8 (

3 P)5p 3/2 2y2 16118. 69 -1330. 82 1. 018 y

4 D° 86787. 48 197 77 1. 346

4d8 (

1 D) 5s b

2 D

1/2

2)4

16943. 50

13520. 69

— 824. 81 0. 416

1. 233

2)4

0)4

86985. 25

88088. 12

88474. 43 - 1052. 87

-436. 31

1. 150

1. 134

-0. 160

1/2 14382. 19 — 861. 50 1. 034 2° 2/2 87300. 50 1. 400

4d8 (

1 G)5s a

2 G 4H

3K

16017. 94

16120. 72 - 102. 78

1. 114

0. 900

4d8

(

3 P)5p 2

2 P° 0)4

1/2 37368. 62

38210. 96 842. 34 1. 342

1. 210

4d-> 5s2 b

4 P 2H 23157. 57 -498. 363° 3)4 88012. 75 1. 436

1/2 23655. 93

0/2 24686. 00 — 1032. 07 4° 1)4 88668. 83 1. 289

Ad? 5s2 b

2 G 4/2

3/2 25820. 80

27876. 52 -2055. 72

4d8 (

3 P)5p y2 D° 2/2

1/2 88718. 11 39525. 28 -807. 17 1. 382

1. 494

4d8 (

3 F)5p z4 D° 3)4 2)4

1)4

27075. 26

28859. 64

80897. 27

-1784. 38

-1537. 63

-749. 41

1. 410

1. 330

1. 165

5°

6° oy2

2/2

88806. 64

89126. 76

-0. 072

1. 323

4d8 (

3 F)5p 24 G°

oy2 5y2

81146. 68 0. 040 4d8

(

1 D)5p y>P° ip2 0/2 89231. 88

48729. 02 -4497. 64 1. 263

0. 687

29104. 71

562. 02

-2559. 06

-1141. 57

1. 273

ay2 28548. 69 1. 181 7° 3y2 39494* 00 1. 180

3)4 81101. 75 1. 023

2/2 32243. 32 0. 937 8° 2Yi 39788. 09 1. Ill
31

Rh I—Continued Rh I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

9° 2H S30SL 50 1. 045 5 4/2, 5

H

47862. 14

10° ih 40754. 45 1. 230 6 3/4 47896. 92

4d8 (

x D)5p y

2 F° 3y2 40554. 55 -292. 12

1. 204 7 4H 47928. 07 1. 15 2y 40575. 95 1. 068

24° 2H 47954. 20 -0. 083

4<28 (

x S)5p X 2 P° i H 40603. 45 1. 268 a oy2 8 2H 48239. 04 1 . 20

4d8 (

3 P)5p 2

2 S° oy2 40504. 52 1. 870 25° 2K 48797. 74 1. 066

4d8

(

3 P)5p 2

4 S° i H 40900. 00 1. 232 26° 3 H 48811. 47 0. 928

11° 2H 41443. 67 1. 983 27° 2>4 49713. SO

4<i8

(

3 F)6s e

4 F 4y2 41880. 86 -2563. 66 - 1026. 72 -340. 48

1. 31 9 2y2 50042. 87

3'A 2y2 i H

44444. 52

45471. 24

45811. 72

1. 22

10 1 /2 , 2}4 50111. 87 1. 36

28° 2H 50146. 60

12° 4H 41953. 07 1. 127

11 3ft 4>4 50190. 80 1. 00

4d8

(

3 F)6s e

2 F 3/2 42292. 51 -2182. 17 2H 44474. 68 12 5y2 50199. 18 1. 12

13° 4 H 42325. 46 1. 113 13 2y2 50207. 73

4d8

(

x D)5p x2 D° 1 H 42431. 48 989. 92 1. 346 14 3y2 50233. 05 1. 12

2/2 43421. 40 1. 008

15 3y2 , 4y2 50277. 62 1. 15

14° 3/2 42495. 48 1. 231

16 3y2 50284. 72 0. 97

15° 4H 43042. 31 1. 119

17 1/4 50290. 06

16° 3)4 43047. 54 1. 139

18 2}4 50408. 21 1. 02

4d8

(

1 G)5p 22 H° 5H 43070. 04 1. 097

4H 19 1/2 50451. 97

4d8 0G)5p x 2 F° 2H 43777. 07

127. 66 0. 957 29° iy2 50721. 44

3H 43904. 73 1. 069

20 2y2 51324. 35

17° 3/2 44588. 12 1. 260

21 3y2 51356. 22 0. 74

18° 1>2 44620. 63 0. 520

22 1/4, 2}4 51419. 45

19° 2H 44786. 67 0. 654

23 2y2, 51477. 77

3

y2 4<38 (

x G)5p y

2 G° 3H 45177. 63

137. 91 0. 948

4}4 45315. 54 1. 106 30° 2y2 ,

3

y2 51608. 71 20° 2M 45683. 41 1. 237 24 iy2 51636. 54 0. 92

21° I /2 46280. 09 1. 089 31° 3 y2 52065. 37 0. 960

22° 4}4 46511. 10 1. 115 25 1 H 52413. 28

23° oy2 46752. 86 0. 024 26 0H, iH 52473. 55

1 3J4 47713. 63 1. 38 32° 1H, 2H 53599. 28

2 5M 47793. 54 1. 12 27 iH 56087. 60

3 2/2 ? 47832. 35 1. 33 28 iH, 2H 57610. 48

4 4/2

1 47857. 39 1. 25 Rh 11 (3 F4) Limit 60197

February 1955.
32

Rh i Observed Terms*

Configuration

1 s^s2 2p" 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4

p

8 +

Observed Terms

4d

9 a

2 D

4d

1 5s2 |

5

4 P b *F

b

2 G

ns (n>5) np (n>5)

4d8

(3F)nx

{

a, e

4F

a, e

3 F

2

4 D°

2

2 D°

O

<M O N

M

2

4 G°

2

2 G°

4d8 (

3 P)rws / a

4 P

\ a 2 P

OO

apca M

M

2

4 P°

2

2 P°

y*D°

y

2 D°

4d8

(

1 D)nx 6

2 D V

3 P° x2 D° y *F° 4d8 (

1 G)nx a *G x

2 F° y2 G° 2

2 H°

4d8

(

1 S)ncc X2 P°

For predicted terms of the Rh i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.

Rh II (Ru i sequence; 44 electrons) Z=45

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d

8 3F4

<z 3F4 145800 K I. P. 18.07 volts

The analysis is by Sancho, who has revised and extended the earlier work on Rh n by

Livingood and Shenstone, and by Hitchcock. From spectrograms made at Princeton by

Catalan, he has prepared a new line list extending from 1100 A to 4800 A. There are 494

classified lines. Observed intersystem combinations connect the systems of terms having

different multiplicity.

The limit has been interpolated by Catalan and Rico from a study of the ns series of the

spectra Sr n to Cd n. The following observed g- values have been furnished by van Kleef:

J. J. Livingood and A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material; see R. F. Bacher and S. Goudsmit, Atomic Energy

States, p. 387 (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N. Y., and London, 1932). (T)

W. J. Hitchcock, unpublished material (March 1952). (T) (C L)

Th. A. M. van Kleef, unpublished material (September 1956). (Z E)

F. J. Sancho, unpublished material (November 1956). (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, letter (December 1956). (I P)

Rh II Rh II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d8 a

3 F 4

3

2

0. 0

2401. 3

3580. 7 -2401. 3 -1179. 4

4d8 a J G 4 14855. 4

4d8 4d8 a J D

a 3 P

20

12

8164. 4

10760. 8

10515. 0

11643. 7

-245. 8

1128. 7

4d7 (o 4 F)5s a

5 F 54

3

2

1

16884. 8

18540. 4

19792. 4

20646. 9 21180. 0

-1655. 6 -1252. 0

-854. 5 -533. 1
Rh II—Continued Rh II—Continued

33

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

%

4cF(a 4 F)5s 6

3 F 4

32

25376. 9 27439. 4

28834. 6 -2062. 5 -1395. 2

4d\a 4 P)5s a

5 P 3

2

1

27801. 4

28131. 4

29073. 0 -330. 0 -941. 6

4d7 (a 2 G)5s a

3 G 54

3

31730. 5 32604. 7

33845. 4 -874. 2 -1240. 7

4d7 (a 2 P)5s b

3 P 2

10

34243. 0

34726. 1 35012. 0 -483. 1 -285. 9

4tf7 (a 2 H)5s a

3H 654

35787. 2

36794. 5 38943. 2 -1007. 3 -2148. 7

4.6? {a 4 P)5s c

3 P 2

10

36366. 3 36710. 0 -343. 7

4d7 (a 2 G)5s b *G 4 36486. 4 4d7 (a 2 D)5s a

3 D 32

1

36938. 9 38622. 3 38687. 5 -1683. 4 -65. 2

4<P(o 2 H)5s a XH 5 41045. 3 4d7 (a 2 D)5s 6 iD 2 42872. 3 4d7 (a 4 F)5p 3

5 F° 54

3

2

1

57020. 8

56547. 8

58358. 5

59698. 6 60573. 2

473. 5 — 1811. 2 -1340. 1 -874. 6

4d7 (a 4 F)5p 3

5D° 4

32

10

59161. 5

60448. 4

61355. 9

61881. 1 62012. 5

-1286. 9 -907. 5 -525. 2 -131. 4

4

d

7 (a 4 F)5p 35 G° 6

54

3

2

59702. 4

59729. 4

61173. 1 61939. 8

62288. 3

-27. 0 -1443. 7 -766. 7 -348. 5

4d7 (a 4 F)5p 3

3 G° 54

3

62194- 4

63959. 5

65321. 2

-1765. 1 -1361. 7

4<27 (a 4 F)5p 3

3 F° 4

32

62326. 1 63454 9

64970. 4

-1128. 8 -1515. 5

4cF(a 4 P)5p 3

5S° 2 63261. 4

4cF(a 4 F)5p 3

3 D° 32

1

64819. 4

66078. 8

66769. 7 -1259. 4 -690. 9

4d7 (a 4 P)5p 3

5P° 12

3

69022. 9

69040. 4

69155. 1

17. 5

114. 7

4fP(a 2 G)5p y

3 F° 4

32

70038. 3

72303. 7

75152. 4

-2265. 4 -2848. 7

4<27 (a 4 P)5p y 5D° 0

12

34

70199. 2

70542. 2

71358. 6

71707. 7

71005. 7

343. 0

816. 4

349. 1 -702. 0

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d7 (a 2 G)5p 3

3 H° 65

4

1 2. 1 70643. 0

72160. 4

1469. 1 -1517. 4

4dl(a 2 P)5p 3

3 P° 2

10

72128. 5

73646. 3 -1517. 8

4<P(a 2 P)5p 3

3 S° 1 72331. 5

4d7 (a 4 P)5p y

3 D° 12

3

72760. 7

72570. 7

73185. 7 -190. 0

615. 0

4d7 (a 2 G)5p 3 !G° 4 72870. 6

4cF (a 2 H) 5p x

3 G° 54

3

73444- 8

76504. 5

77595. 0

-2060. 2 -1090. 5

4d?(a 4 P)5p y

3 P° 2

10

73720. 1 74537. 8

-817. 7

4d7 (a 2 G)5p 3 !F° 3 74364- 4

4d7 (a 2 G)5p y

3 G° 54

3

74509. 8

74979. 4

75080. 5

-469. 6 -51. 1

4d7 (a 2 G)5p 3 >H° 5 74836. 2

4ci7 (a 2 P)5p x

3 D° 32

1

75691. 1 76566. 6

77633. 0

-875. 5 -1066. 4

4d7 (a 2 H)5p 3

3 I° 7

6

5

75905. 4?

76538. 8

4d?(a 2 D)5p w 3 D° 3

2

1

76032. 4

76007. 3

76141. 5

25. 1 -134. 2

4dJ(a 2 D)5p x

3 F° 4

32

77842. 8

79159. 7

78303. 9 -1316. 9

855. 8

4d7 (a 2 H)5p 3

1 1

0 6 78297. 6

4(P(a 2 H)5p y

3 H° 6

5

4

78735. 4

79399. 3

80254- 0

-663. 9 -854. 7

4:cP(a 4 P)5p y

3 S° 1 79044- 2

4(^(0 2 P)5p 3 JP 0 1 79547. 6

4cZ7 (a 2 D)5p 3 >D° 2 79717. 5

4d7 (a 2 P)5p y 'D 0 2 79938. 8

4

d

7 (a 2 H)5p y

1 G° 4 81488. 5

4d7 (a 2 D)5p y

1 F° 3 81788. 9

4d7 (a 2 D)5p X

3 P° 2

10

81955. 0

83251. 4 -1296. 4

4d

7 (a 2 H)5p y1 H° 5 82830. 7

4d

7 (a 2 D)5p y1 P° 1 83176. 2

4d7 (a2 F)5p V

3 D° 32

1

87394. 0

87930. 1? 87827. 5

-530. 1 102. 6

Rh iii(4 F4 ^) Limit 145800

December 1956.
34

Rh ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is* 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p«

3d10 4s* 4p«+

Observed Terms

4d8 ja 3 P

a X D

a 3 F

a*G

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5)

4d7 (o 4 F)nx

{

a«F

b

3 F

2

6 D°

2

3 D°

2

5 F°

2

3 F°

2

5 G°

2

3 G°

4d7 (a 4 P)nx Ja 5 P

\c 3 P

2

5 S°

y

3 S°

oo y

5 D°

y

S D°

4d7 (a 2 G)nx

{ a 3 G

b

7 G

y

3 F°

2

1 F° 66oo 2

3 H°

2 >H°

4d

7 (a 2 P)nx |6

3 P 23 S° 23 P°

2 1P° *

3 D°

y ‘D 0

4

7 (a 2 H)na;

{ a 3 H

am

x

3 G°

y'G°

y

3 H°

y

1 H°

2

3 I° 2*1°

4

7 (a 2 D)nx {

a

3 D

b *D <s5 H

o

o w 3 D°

2 »D°

O

O H

4d

7 (a 2 F)nx V

3 D°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ru I isoelectronic sequence, see Volume hi, Introduction.

Rh III

(Tc i sequence; 43 electrons) Z=45

Is2 2s2 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4s2 4f 4d7 4F4^

a

4F4^ 250500 K I. P. 31.05 volts

The analysis has been carried out by Catalan, Sales, and Shenstone especially for inclusion

here. They have observed the spectrum from 687A to 4800 A, and classified 854 lines.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the systems of terms having different multiplicity.

The limit has been interpolated by comparison of third spectra from Y to In, and furnished

by Catalan and Rico in advance of publication.

REFERENCES

M. A. Catalan, M. Sales and A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (October 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957). (I P)

Rh III Rh III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d7 a

4 F 4/

3y2 2 y2 1/2

0. 0

2147. 8

3485. 7 4322. 0

-2147. 8 -1337. 9 -836. 3

4d7 a

4 P 2/

1/2 oy2

11062. 3 10997. 1 12469. 8

65. 2 -1472. 7

4d7 a 2 G 4y2 3/2 14044. 0

15256. 8 -1212. 8

4d7 a 2 P 1 /

0 /

16870. 7

18303. 7 -1433. 0

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d7 a

2H 5/

4/

19490. 2 21992. 3 -2502. 1

4d7 a

2 D 2J/2 I /2 19528. 5 22046. 6 -2518. 1

4d7 a

2 F 2/

3/

31615. 5 32095. 7

480. 2

4d6

(5 D)5s a 6D 4/2 3/

2/2 1/

oy2

43022. 0

44394. 4

45278. 2 45876. 6 46227. 1

-1372. 4 -883. 8 -598. 4 -350. 5
35

Rh III—Continued Rh III—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d*b 2 D 1/4 49183. 4

1258. 9

4<28 (5 D)5p 2 4 D° 3K 100845. 9

1012 0 2K 50442. 3 2K 101857. 9 £77 9. 4d8 ( 5 D)5s a 4 D 3% 54632. 2 -1493. 5 -886. 8 -518. 8

IK

OK

102535. 1 102827. 3

-292. 2 2K

IK

56125. 7

57012. 5 4<26 (3 P)5s5 c 4 P OK 101445. 1 445 7 OK 57531. 3 IK

2K

101890. 8

102224. 0

333! 2 4d8 (3P)5s b 4 P 2K 62717. 1 -3556. 6 -2519. 4 IK 66273. 7 4d8 (3 F)5s5 c 4 F IK 102194. 2 8 0 OK 68793. 1 2K 102202. 2 208 2 3K 102410. 4

57. 6 4d8 (3 H)5s a 4 H 6K 64250. 0 -632. 8 -335. 17

4K 102468. 0 5K

4K

64882. 8 65217. 9 4<i8 (5D)5p 2 4 P° 2/2 104183. 4 i^-1309 7 3K 65483. 6 IK

oy2 105493. 1 106235. 9

-742. 8 4d8 (3 F)5s b 4 F 4K 66104. 4 -580. 2 -341. 1 -451. 1 3K 66684. 6 4d8 (3 F)5ss (PF 2K 106665. 1 344. 3 2K

IK

67025. 7

67476. 8 3K 107009. 4

4<28 (3 P)5s* C 2 P OK 106726. 5

1086. 5 4d8 (3 G)5s a 4 G 5K 70561. 3 -1684. 6 -790. 3 242 1

IK 107813. 0

4/2

3/2 72245. 9 73036. 2 4d8 (1 G)5s| d* G 4/2 111897. 5 -1026. 0 2K 73278. 3 3K 112923. 5

4<i8 (3H)5sb 2 H 5K 72580. 2 -611. 8 4d8 (3 P)5p 2 4 S° IK 112243. 4 4K

IK

73192. 0 y 4 P° 2K 112261. 1 -2671. 9 4d8 (3 P)5p

4d8 ( 3 P)5s 5 2 P 72837. 7 -2071. 9 IK 114933. 0

0/2 74909. 6 oy2

4cZ8 (3 F)5s ft 3 F 3K 76752. 3 4d8 (3 H)5p 2 4 G° 5K 113312. 1 — 653 0 2K 77708. 6 4K 113965. 1 —346 4

4d8 (3 G)5s

b 2 G

3K 114311. 5 -246! 7

4/2

3>4 79304. 7

80600. 4 -1295. 7 2 4 H°

2K

6K

114558. 2 4d6 (3H)5p 113893. 7 — 386. 6 4d8 (3 D)5s b 4 D OK 81589. 5

124. 1 179. 9

263. 0

5K 114280. 3 — 541. 8 IK 81713. 6 4K 114822. 1 -669. 6 2K 81893. 5 3K 115491. 7

3/2 82156. 5 4d6 (1 D)5s5 e 2 D 2K 115013. 2 -1090. 8

4<i8 ( 1 I)5s a 2 I 6K 82099. 7 -314. 8 IK 116104. 0 5K 82414. 5 4d8 (3 H)5p 2 4 I° 7K 115590. 0 — 619 0 4d8 (1 G)5s c 2 G 4K

3K

83128. 7

83367. 3 -238. 6 6K

5K

4K

116209. 0

116344 0

116064 8 - 135] 0

279. 2

4d8 (3 D)5s c 3 D IK 86004. 5

372. 7 4d8 (3 P)5p 2/ 4 D° 3K 115769. 4 3942 9 2% 86377. 2 2K2 119712. 3

856 1

4c?6 OS) 5s a 2 S OK 88151. 0 IK

0/2 120568. 4

120858. 7 -290. 3

4d«0D)5s d 2 D 2K 88248. 7 -277. 6 4d8 (3 P)5p 2 2 D° 2K 115991. 6 -2086. 4 IK 88526. 3 IK 118078. 0

4d8 (5D)5p 2 0° 4K

3K

2K

IK

91818. 7

92021. 6

92825. 9

93412. 8

-202. 9 -804. 3 -586. 9 -396. 5

4d8 (3 F)5p

y i F° IK

2/2 3K

4K

116011. 1 116322. 8

116407. 1 116864- 4

311. 7

84. 3

457. 1 OK 93809. 3 4<i8 (3H)5p 2 2 G° 4K 116295. 7 -669. 3 4d8 (5D)5p 2 8F° 5K 97605. 8

38. 5

188. 9 -251. 6 -138. 9 -45. 4

3K 116965. 0

4K

3K

2K

IK

ok

97567. 3

97378. 4

97630. 0

97768. 9

97814. 3

4<28 (3 F)5px 4 D° 3K

2K

IK

ok

116990. 8

118247. 7 118988. 9

11 9418. 9

-1256. 9 -741. 2 -430. 0

4d8 (1 F)5s

4d8 ( 6 D)5p c 2 F Z 8P°

3K

2K

3K

97867. 8

98213. 3 99046. 9

-345. 5 — 1894 9

4<28 (3 F)5p

y 4 G° 5K434 3K

2K

117275. 0

117596. 4

117919. 1 118129. 9

-321. 4

-322. 7 -210. 8 2K

IK

100941. 8

102273. 6 -1331. 8 4d6 (1 S)5s5

b 2 S oy2 118210. 2?

4d8 (5D)5p 2 4 F° 4K

3K

100757. 3

102446. 8 -1689. 5 -867. 1 -666. 3

4d8 (3 H)5p 2 2 I° 6H

5K

118277. 6

118953. 4 -675. 8 2K 103313. 9 4d8 (3 F)5p 2 2 F° 3K 118850. 2 -631. 0 IK 103980. 2 2K 119481. 2
36

Rh III—Continued Rh III—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d8 (3H) 5p zm° 5/2 -1151. 0 4d«(iD)5pw 2D° IK 188869. 9

268. 9 4/ 1MS5. 0 2K 138688. 8

4<Z8 (3 G)5p x*G° 5/2 mm2/

119841. 7 120052. 7 121062. 0

121825. 7

-211. 0 -1009. 3 -763. 7

4d8 0D)5p

4rf8 (1 F)5p

w 2 P° v 2 D°

0K

iK

2K

iK

139214. 5

189759. 0

143628. 5

148965. 6

544. 5

-337. 1 4d8 (3 F)5p y 2 G° 4k

3H

119998. 0

120906. 6

-908. 6

4rf8 (1 F)5p

v 2 G° 3H4K

148835. 6 144234. 8

398. 7 4d8 (*P)5p Z 2 P° IK 120914. 3 -1697. 1 4d8 (1 F)57> u 2 F° 3K 146546. 0 -535. 3

0/2 122611. 4 2K 147081. 3

4ri8 (3 G)5p rc 4 F° 4K 122391. 5

1005 9 4d6 (3 P) 5pi w 4 P° OK 146577. 2 294 7

3/2 123397. 4 -463. 4 iK 146871. 9

753. 3 2/ 128860. 8 2K 147625. 2

4d8 (3 G)5p 1 k

4<28 (3 P)5p* r> 4 D° OK 146939. 1 338 3 y i H° 6/ 122993. 9 239 3 iK 147277. 4 464 2 5 / 123283. 2

129 8 2K 147741. 6

205. 3 4/ 123363. 0 -44! 3 3K 147946. 9

4<28 (3 F)5p 3 / 123407. 3

4d8 (3 F)5p*

w 4 G° 2K 148598. 1 225 2 y 2 D° 2/ 124403. 1 -574. 5 3K 148823. 8

214 8 1 / 124977. 6 4/ 149038. 1 249. 7 4d8 (3 P)5p z 2S° 0/ 126265. 2 5K 149287. 8

4<28 (3 G)5p

y 2F° 2/2 126340. 7

906. 1 4d6 (3 P)5p* y*S° iK 148734- 8 3 / 127246. 8 4<28 (3 F)5p* w 4 D° OK 151845. 6 102 6 4d8 (3 D)5p 2/ 4 P° 0/2 126443. 1 380 4 IK

2K

151948. 2

152427. 9

479! 7 -59. 4

1/2 126823. 5

324. 3 3K 152368. 5 2/ 127147. 8

4d8 (3 G)5p

y 2H° 5 /4/

126580. 9

127940. 5 -1409. 6 4d8 (3 F)5p* « 2 D° IK2/

152556. 4 152906. 8

350.4

4d8 (3 D)5p w; 4 D° 0/ 127885. 2

642. 1 286. 2

115. 3

4d8 (5D)6s e 8D 4/2 3K

152765. 0? 1 /2 /

128527. 8

128818. 5

2K

iK

3/4 128928. 8 oy2 4d8 (3 D)5p w 4 F° 1/4 128906. 4 102. 1 4d8 (3 F)5p* u 2 G° 4k 152989. 5 -395. 2 2/

3/

129008. 5

129126. 2

117. 7

429. 7 3K 153884- 7 4/ 129555. 9 4d8 (3 F)5p* v 4 F° IK 153401. 9 96 0

4d8 (1 I)5p z 2 K° 6/

7/

129141. 0

180605. 2

1464. 2 2/

3K

4/

153497. 9

158493. 5

158983. 5

-4. 4

490. 0 4d8 (*G)5p x 2 G° 4/

3/

129489. 6

129578. 8 -89. 2 4d8 (3 F)5p* 1 2 F° 2K

3/

154790. 9 155345. 9

555. 0

4<28 (1 I)5p

x 2H° 4/

5/

130406. 4

130999. 4

593. 0 4d8 (3 P)5p* 1 2 D° IK

2K

154913. 7 155820. 3

906. 6 4d6 0G)5p w 2 G° 4/

3/2 131817. 4

182006. 1 -188. 7 4d8 (3 P)5p5

v 2 P° OK

IK

158894. 6

158789. 0

344. 4

4rf8 0G)5p re 2 F° 3/

2/

132986. 5

188350. 2 -363. 7 4d8 (3 P)5p*

y 2 S° OK 159182. 6

4d8 (3 D)5p

y 2 P° 0 y2 1 

133088. 8

138465. 5

376. 7 4d8 0G)5p* s 2 F° 3K

2K

160593. 7 161150. 4 -556. 7

4d8 (1 G)5p

w 2H° 5/ 133911. 2 -398. 5 4d8 0G)5p‘ t 2 G° 4/

3/K 161846. 4

168030. 8

-1184. 4 4/ 184309. 7

4<28 (3 D)5p

x 2 D° IK

2K

183971. 2

134872. 7

401. 5 4d8 0G)5p*

v 2 H° 5K

4J4 164197. 1 165085. 0

-837. 9

4d«0I)5p

y 2l° 6K

5/

134694. 7 135363. 1 -668. 4 4d8 (iD)5p« s 2 D° 2K

IK

166719. 4

167426. 2

-706. 8

4<28 (3 D)5p

w 2 F° 3K

2J4 185535. 4

135701. 5

-166. 1 4d8 0D)5p* u 2 P° IK

ok

167781. 9

168287. 9

-506. 0

4<28 (1 S) 5p

4d«0D)5p

re 2 P° IK

OK

186124. 8

136429. 6 -304. 8

4<2«(I D)5p« T 2 F° 3K

2K

167936. 7

168502. 7 -566. 0

t> 2 F° 2K 187737. 5

481. 0 3K 188218. 5 Rh iv(6D4 ) Limit

— 250500

February 1957.
Rh

in

Observed

Terms*

37

a> H

73

<o>

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38

PALLADIUM

Pd I

46 electrons Z=46

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

Q 3s

2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 'So

4d'° 'So 67236.0 K I. P. 8.33 volts

The analysis is from Shenstone, who, in 1930, revised and extended the earlier work by

McLennan and Smith, Bechert and Catalan, Meggers and Laporte, and others. With the aid

of recent ultraviolet observations he has carried it still further, and furnished the additional

levels especially for inclusion here. There are 390 classified lines between 1723.65 A and

9234.02 A. In the 1930 term table he gives observed gr-values based on all available material.

More recent Zeeman data from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have been published

by Lindsley and Rosen, who also derived more accurate values for some of the energy levels. In the table, the two-place entries for energy levels are from their paper. The first column

in the table (labeled “S”) gives Shenstone’s notation.

In his 1953 paper, Shenstone discusses forbidden transitions in the Pd i spectrum. He

explains the level previously called Kx (54825.7), as resulting from “forced” dipole radiation.

The singlet and triplet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem

combinations.

Mack has noted that the sequence Pd i—Sn v shows a gradual transition from LS- to ^'-coupling for levels from the d

9 s and d9 p configurations. By analogy with Cu n, the writer

has prepared the following table giving the JZ-coupling notation in the form suggested by Racah.

Author Config. Desig. J Author Config. Desig. J

ns *D8 4d9

( 2D2^)ns ns [2%] 3 nd 3 Sj 4d9 (

2 D2^)nd nd [0341 1

3D2 2 nd 3 G5 // nd [4H1 5 ns 3 Di 4d9

(2 Di}<j) ns ns' [1H1 1

3 g4 4

1 DJ 2 nd 3 P2 If nd [1 HI 2

3 Pi 1 np 3 P2 4d9 (

2 D2j*)np np [1 34]° 2 nd [234] 3 Pi 1 nd 3D3 II 3

3d2 2 np 3 F| // np [3 HI

0 3 nd [334] 3F

» 4 nd 3 F3 II 3

3 f4 4 np 3 D§ If np [234]° 3 »DS 2 nd 3 P nd [034] 0 0 II np 3 P§ 4d9 (

2 Dij<)np np' [0H1° 0 nd : Pi 4d9

(

2 Di)*)rad nd' [034] 1 'Pi 1 nd 3 G3 If nd' [334] 3 np*F°2 n np' [234]° 2 »g4 4

*F§ 3

nd 3 Di II nd' [134] 1 np 3 Di if np' [m° 1 »d2 2

3 D2 2 nd 3 F2 II nd' [234] 2

'F, 3 nd iS0 II nd' [034] 0
39

Pd I—Continued

Shenstone has derived the limits from the ns 3D, ns 3 D series (n =6 to 8), by means of a

Ritz formula; and lists in his term table the Rydberg denominators for many of the levels. REFERENCES

C. S. Beals, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 109, 369 (1925). (T) (Z E) K. Bechert und M. A. Catalan, Zeit. Phys. 35, 449 (1926). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and O. Laporte, Phys. Rev. 28, 642 (1926). (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 34, 17 (1929). (Z E)

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 38, 669 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (E D)

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942). C. H. Lindsley and N. Rosen, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31, 531 (1941). (T) (C L) (Z E)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) A. G. Shenstone, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 219, 419 (1953). (T) (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs)Pd I Pd I

s Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g S Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

a iSo 4d10 4d10 iS 0 0. 00 0/0 bd 3 P2 4d9 (

2 D2M)5d 5d 3 p 2 54820. 6 r—2.

1

-550. 3 k

bd 3 P4 It 1 54822. 7

5s 3 D3 4d9

(

2 D2 ^)5s 5s 3 D 3 6564. 11 -1190. 88

-2338. 95

1. 333 bd 3 P0 // 0 55373. 0

5s 3 D2 n 2 7754. 99 1. 128

5s 3 Di 4d9

(

2 D1H)5s 1 10093. 94 0. 497 bd 3 D3 4d9

( 2 D2H)5d bd 3 D 3 54947. 7 -50. 8 -3409. 6 bd 3 D2

// 2 54998. 5 5s iD2 4d(2 Dj^)5s 5s iD 2 11721. 77 1. 040 bd 3 DX 4d9

(

2 DlH)5d 1 58408. 1 a 3 F4 4d8 5s2 5s2 3 F 4 25101. 1 -3112. 4 - 1497. 5

bd 3 F4 4d9 (

2 D2H)5d bd 3 F 4 55025. 2

13. 0 -3543. 6 a 3 F3 3 28213. 5 bd 3 F3 // 3 55012. 2 a 3 F2 2 29711. 0 bd 3 F2 4d9

(

2 D1M)5d 2 58555. 8

5p *PS 4d9

(

2 D2^)5p bp sp° 2 3U068. 93 9111 71 1. 482 6 2 4d8 5s ( )5p 2,3 55633. 7 0. 92?

5p

3 Pi

5v

3 Po 4d9 (

2 D^)5p

1036180. 64

38088. 11 -1907. 47 1. 396

0/0 7° 4d8 5s ( )5p 2? 56335. 61

5p

3 F| 4d9

(

2 D2 ^)5p bp 3p° 4 35927. 89

476. 49

-3360. 46

1. 25 83,

4

4d

s bs( )bp 3,4 56544. 3 1. 06

5p 3 F§ 3 35451. 40 1. 063

5p

3 F2 4d9

(

2 Di^)5p 2 38811. 86 0. 752 20! 4d8 bs( )bp 1 56645. 8

5p

3 D3 4d9 (

2 D2H)5p bp 3 D° 3 37393. 71

417. 78

-3392. 80

1. 276 213,4 4d8 5s ( )5p 3,4 56911. 1 1. 33

5p

3 D2 // 2 36975. 93 0. 988

5p

3 Df 4d9

(

2 D1H)5p 1 40368. 73 0. 831 22 1,2 4d8 5s ( )5p L2 57136. 8f

5V >F§ 4d9 (

2 D1H)5p bp ip° 3 39858. S3 1. 081 9s 4d8 5s ( )5p 3 57254- 8

5p 'D! 4d9 (

2 Dm)5p bp iD° 2 40771. 46 1. 114 105 4d8 5s( )5p 2 57564. 8

5v 'P! 4d9

(

2 Dj^)5p bp ipo

1 40838. 80 0. 768 7s 3 D3 4d9 (

2 D2H)7s 7s 3 D 3 58064. 1 -74. 2 -3464. 5

7s 3 D2 n 2 58138. 3

6s 3 D3 4d9 (

2 D2M)6s 6s 3 D 3 48804. 2 -215. 3 -3316. 8

7s 3 DX 4d9

(

2 Dij^) 7s 1 61602. 8

6s 3 D2 2 49019. 5

6s 3 Di 4d9 (

2 D^)6s 1 52336. 3 12 J, 2 4d8 5s( )5p 2 58102. 7?

5! 4d8 5s( )5p 3 50910. 4 1. 47? 235 4d8 5s ( )bp 3 58108. 2

la 4d8 5s( )5p 3 52457. 0 1. 26? bd iP4 4d9 (

2 D1H)5d bd iP 1 58195. 3

6s *D2 4d9

(2 D1H)6s 6s iD 2 52487. 7 245, 4 4d8 5s( )bp 3,4 58316. 6 1. 25

6p

3 Pa 4d9

(

2 D2*)6p 6p 3p° 2 53039. 0? -1786. 7 bd iG4 4d9 (

2 DlH)5d bd iG 4 58387. 8

6p

3 Pi 1 54825. 7 0 6p ‘F5 4d9 (

2 D1H)6p 6p

ipo 3 58389. 8

6p 3 F| 4d9

(

2 D2^) 6p 6p 3p° 4 54335. 9

574. 3 -4164. 2

145 4d8 5s( )5p 2 58415. 2 0. 91?

6p 3 Fi 3 53761. 6

6p

3 F2 4d9

(

2 Diyf) 6p 2 57925. 8 bd tD2 4d9 (

2 D1H)5d 5d iD 2 58448. 5

5d

3Sj 4d9 (

2 D2^)5d 5d 3 S 1 54574. 1 bd iF, 4d9 (

2 D1H)5d bd iF 3 58561. 7

6p

3 D§ 4d9

(

2 D2H)6p 6p 3D° 3 54599. 5

424. 8 -3842. 0 bd iS0 4d9

(

2 D1H)5d bd iS 0 58681. 3 6p 3 D2 2 54174 7

6p *Di 4d9

(

2 D1M)6p 1 58016. 7 155 4d8 5s( )5p 3 59142. 2 1. 04?

4! 4d8 5s ( )5p 4° 3 54673. 0 1. 29? 16?, 2 4d8 5s( )5p 1,2 59587. 8 — 5d

3 G5 4d9

(

2 D2*)5d bd 3 G 5 54806. 1 -5. 2 -3537. 6

175 4d8 5s ( )5p 2 59730. 9 bd *G4 4 54811. 3

5d

3 G3 4d9

(

2 Dm)5d 3 58348. 9 255 4d8 5s ( )5p 3 59864 5
40

Pd I—Continued Pd I—Continued

s Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g S Config. Desig. J Level Interval

262 4d8 5s ( )5p 2 60005. 5 8s

3 D3 4d9

(

2 D2H)8s 8s3 D 3

9

61736. 2

272 4d8 5s( )5

p

2 60224. 4 1

6d »SX 4d9 (

2 D2H)6d 6d3 S 1 60225. 8 2 IF3 4d8 5s (

2 F) 5p 5p' 1 F° 3 62316. 2

283,4 4d8 5s( )5p 3,4 00310. 3 2 »D 2 4d8 5s(2 F)5p 5

p' »D° 2 62526. 2

6d *G6 4d9

(2 D2H)6d 6d *G 5 60316. 4 -2. 0 -3534. 6

31° 4d8 5s ( )5p 2? 63294. 4

6d

3 G4 6d

3 G3 n

4d9

(2 D1H)6d

4

3

60318. 4

63853. 0 CO to 4d8 5s ( )5p 3 63476. 4

0 CO 0 4d»( )4/? 60317. 1? 33f, 2 4d8 5s ( )5p 1,2 63668. 8?

6d

3 P2 4d9

(2 D2H)6d 6d *P 2 60322. 8 9s 3 D3 4d9

(2 D2H)9s 9s »D 3 63571. 7?

// 10

60324. 6 2

1

6d 3 D3 4d9

(

2 D2*)6d 6d 3 D 3 60370. 4 -26. 0

-3499. 9

6d iG4 4d9 (

2 DlM)6d 6d »G 4 63872. 7

6d

3 D2 n 2 60396. 4

6d 3 Dj 4d9

(2D1M)6d 1 63896. 3 6d iF, 4d9

(2 D1 H)6d 6d iF 3 63939. 8

6d

3 F4 4d9 (

2 D2>*)6d 6d 3 F 4 60404. 0

6. 1 -3539. 5

34!,, 4d8 5s ( )5

p

1,2 63961. 57

6d 3 F3 // 3 60397. 9

6d

3 F2 4d9

(2 DlH)6d 2 63937. 4 35f, 2 4

8 5s ( )5p 1 , 2 64266. 07

292 4d8 5s( )5p 2 60653. 2 Pd ii(2 D2H) Limit 67236. 0

2 iGl 4d8 5s(2 F)5p 5

p' 1 G° 4 60722. 7 1 . 20? Pd ii( Limit 70775. 0

2 Dih)

18l, 2 4d8 5s ( )5p 1,2 60729. 5

7s j D2 4d9

(2 Di^) 7s 7s iD 2 61638. 6

February 1955. Pd i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2'2p« 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s2 4p«+

Observed Terms

4d10 4d10 3 S

4d8 5s2 5s2 3 F

ns (n > 5) np (n >5)

4d*(2D)na;

{

5-9s 3 D

5-7s J D

5, 6p

3 P°

bp »P°

5, 6p *D° 5, 6p

3 F°

bp »D° 5, 6p

3 F°

4d* 5s(3 F)tue' 5p' >D° 5p' »F° bp' , G°

nd (n >5)

4d*(2D)nx f5, 6d

\ 5d

*S 5, 6d

3 P

»S 5d »P

5, 6d

3D

5d »D

5, 6d

3 F

5, 6d iF

5, 6d 3 G

5, 6d 3 G

•For predicted terms in the spectra of the Pd i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
(Rh i sequence; 45 electrons) Z=46

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4dQ 2D2^

4d® 2D2^ 156700 K I. P. 19.42 volts

In 1928 Shenstone revised and extended the earlier work on this spectrum, and published

356 classified lines in the interval 1115.16 A to 4156.95 A. This list is from observations by

himself and others. Those in the vacuum region are by H. E. White, who located the ground

term.

Blair used a Schuler tube to observe the spectrum more completely, in order to extend the

analysis of terms from the 4d

8 6s and 4d8 5d configurations. His list covers the range from

2124.33 A to 3382.57 A, and includes 257 classified lines. About 60 lines are common to both

published lists. Blair improved the values of eleven higher levels given by Shenstone, and

added 35 new levels. He revised the levels at 112872.7 K and 114940.2 K, designated by

Shenstone 5d 4GS and 6s 4P3 , respectively, retaining the latter level as a miscellaneous one

labeled ed 3^, and rejecting the former one. The <7-values in the table are from the 1941 paper with the exception of four entries for high

levels, which are from Shenstone. Three place ^-values are, in general, from resolved patterns

observed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Shenstone determined the approximate limit 160605 K from the 5,6s 4F series. This was recently revised by Cataldn and Rico from a study of the series in second spectra from

Sr ii to Cd ii. The revised value is quoted here. Blair comments that the 4F^, 4F8^ levels

“appear to be approaching the same limit as would be expected with the inverted type of

convergence pointed out by Shenstone . . ..” This type of convergence is discussed under

Ni i in the present volumes.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, Nature 122, 727 (1928). A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 32, 30 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

H. A. Blair, Phys. Rev. 36, 173 (1930X (T) (C L)

C. H. Lindsley and N. Rosen, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31, 531 (1941). (Z E)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. de Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952) and letter (December 1956). (I P)
42

Pd II Pd II

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.0

4d 2 D3 4de 4d# 2 D 2 H 0 -3539 bp 4 Di 4d8 (3 P)5p 5p' 4 D° oh 81805. 0

528. 7

116. 3 606. 3

0. 049 4d 2 D2 1H 3539 bp 4 D2 1H 82833. 7 1. 17 bp 4 D3 2H 82450. 0 1. 233

5s 4 F6 4d8 (3 F) 5s 5s 4 F 4h 25081. 0 2013 3

1. 330 bp 4 D4 3H 88056. 3 1 . 22

5s 4 F4 5s 4 F3 3H

2H

27094. 3

28927. 0

-1832. 7 -1018. 6

1. 248

1. 031 kp 2 H5 4d8 ( 1 G)5p 5p'" 2 H° 4H 83789. 7

1803. 2

0. 91

5s 4 F2 ih 29945. 6 0. 424 kp 2 H6 5H 85592. 9 1. 09

5s 2 F4 5s 2 F3 4d8 (3 F) 5s 5s 2 F 3H

2H

32277. 9 34422. 0

-2144. 1

1. 148

1. 096

ep 2 D3 ep 2 D2 4d8 (3 P)5p 5p' 2 D° 2H

1H

83802. 5

84372. 3 -569. 8

1. 19

0. 834

5s 4 P3 4d8 (3 P) 5s 5s' 4 P 2y2 36281. 5 1. 323 ep 2 SX 4d8 ( 3 P) bp bp’ 2 S° OH 85070. 7 1. 839

5s 4 P2 5s 4 Pi i H

OH

37365. 0

38502. 4 -1137. 4

1. 462 2. 666 ep 2 P2 ep 2 Pi

4d8 (3 P)5p 5p' 2 P° 1 

OH

85151. 0

88088. 1 -2887. 1

1. 411

0. 70

5s 2 D2 5s 2 D3 4d8 0D)5s 5s" 2 D 1H

2H

39571. 1 41198. 3

1627. 2

1. 165

1. 239

kp 2 F4 kp 2 F3 4d8 yG)5p 5p"'2F° 3H

2H

86048. 1 87120. 4 -1077. 31. 09

0. 92?

5s 2 P2 4d8 (3 P)5s 5s' 2 p 1 H 43647. 8 -292. 0 1 . 220 bp 4 S 2 4d8 (3 P)5p 5p' 4 S° 1H 86279. 6 2. 00

5s 2 P4 oy2 43939. 8 0. 681

kp 2 G 4 4d8 (1 G)5p 5p'" 2 G° 3H 89682. 5

299. 9

C. 89

5s 2 G6 5s 2 G4 4d8 (1 Gj5s 5s'" 2 G 4H

3H

44505. 7 44613. 9 -108. 21. 099 0. 886

kp 2 G 6 6s 4 F5 4rf8 (3 F)6s 6s 4 F

4H

4H

89982. 4

104616. 0 1 . 11

-692. 2 -2838. 8

-1183. 0 ap 4 D4 ap 4 D3 ap 4 D2

4d8 (3 F)5p 5p 4 D° 3y2y

IH

65247. 0

67962. 2

70119. 8

-2715. 2 -2157. 6 -1059. 1

1. 40

1. 328 1 . 168 6s 4 F4 6s 4 F3 6s 4 F2

3H

2H

1H

105308. 2 108147. 0

109330. 0 ap 4 Di

ap 4 G« 4 G°

OH 71178. 9 0. 038 6s 2 F4 6s 2 F3 4d8 ( 3 F) 6s 6s 2 F 3H

2H

108146. 0

109928. 5 -1782. 5 4d8 (3F)5p bp 5H 68611. 5

1312 5 1 . 28

ap 4 G6 ap 4 G4 4H

3H

67299. 0

69610. 2 -2311. 2 -1459. 3

1. 17

1. 069

bd 4 D3H ed 4 D2^

4d8 (3 F)5(2 5d 4 D 3H

2H

110204. 5

110821. 9 —617. 4 ap 4 G3 2H 71069. 6 0. 718 1H

OH

ap 4 F5 4d8 (3 F) 5p bp *p° 4H 69878. 4 -1366. 3 -1867. 7

764. 4 1 . 28

ap 4 F4 3H 71244- 7 1 . 11 bd 4 F4H 4d8 (3 F)5d 5d 4 F 4H 110886. 6 -203. 7 -3137. 9 -1221. 5

ap 4 F3 2H 78112. 4 1. 047 bd 4 F3* 3H 111090. 3 ap 4 F2 1H 72348. 0 0. 724 ed 4 F

ed 4Fij*

2Hl H

114228. 2 115449. 7 ap 2 GS 4d8 (3 F)5p bp 2 G° 4H 72285. 0 -2033. 7

1. 15 ap 2 G4 3H 74318. 7 0. 99 ed 4 G5h 4d8I3 F) 5d 5d 4 G 5H 110910. 3 -336. 7 -2588. 7 ed 4 G 4 ^ 4H 111247. 0 ap 2 D3 4d8 (3 F)5p bp 2 D° 2H 72732. 6 -2365. 4 1 . 020 ed 4 G3x 3H 113835. 7 ap 2 D2 l H 75098. 0 0. 920 2H

ap 2 F4 4d8 (3 F)5p bp 2 po 3H 73327. 5 -2426. 11. 09 ed 4 H6H 4d8 (3 F) 5d 5d 4 H 6 H 110986. 8

362. 3 ap 2 F3 2H 75758. 6 1. 115 ed 4 H6^ 5H

4H

3H

110624. 5 bp 4 P3 4d8 (3 P) 5p bp' 4 po 2H 76767. 4 12. 9 -52. 9

1. 34

bp 4 P2 1H 76754. 5 1. 317

bp 4 Pi OH 76807. 4 2. 266 Ish 3H 114001. 4

cp 2 F3 4d8 pD)5p bp" 2 po 2H 78765. 3

942. 7

1. 056 ed 2 F3H? 4d8 (3 F) 5d 5d J F? 3H 114241. 0

cp 2 F4 3H 79708. 0 1. 25 2H

cp 2 Pi 4d8 0D)5p bp" 2 p° OH 79612. 4 1343. 71. 09 ed 2 2 ^ 4d8 (3 F) bd 2H 114647. 6 cp 2 P2 1H 80956. 1 1. 130

ed 3 2 ^ 4d8 (3 F) 5d 2H 114940. 2 cp 2 D2 4d8 (1 D)5p bp" 2D° 1H 81557. 2

499. 8 1 . 186

cp a Da 2H 82057. 0 1 . 20 ed 4j^ 4d8 (3 F)5d OH 115426. 9
43

Pd II—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

ed 53*4 4d8

(

3 F)5d 3H 115551. 5

ed 6334 4d8

(

3 F)5d 3H 115771. 2

6s 4 P2* 4d8

(3 P) 6s 6s' 4 P 2y2 116511. 6 1633 0

6s 4 P,*? 1H 118144. 6 -773. 8

6s 4 P>$ oy2 118918. 4

ed 7 2)4 4d8

(

3 F)5d 2% 117149. 7

ed 8ih 4d8

(

3 F)5d 1 H 117332. 1

ed 92}s 4d8

(

3 F)5d 2X 118648. 5

6s 2 D1H 4d8 0D)6s 6s" 2 D 1 H 118781. 7

612. 9

6s 2 D2H 2)4 119394. 6

6s 2 Ph? 4d8

(

3 P) 6s 6s' 2 P OH 119080. 6

663. 0

6s 2 P1H 1 H 119743. 6

6s 2 G4^ 4d8

(

1 G)6s 6s'" 2 G 4)4 122706. 0 -12. 5

6s 2 Gs)4 3/2 122718. 5 fd 101H 4d8

(

x D)5d l H 123755. 0 /d Him 4d8

(

1 D)5d 1)4 123866. 1

fd 12 2i^ 4d8

(

1 D)5d 2H 124149. 6 /d 13 2>* 4d8

(

1 D)5d 2H 124280. 3 fd 14 4d8

( 1 D)5d 124930. 0

^d 2 D 4d8 (

1 G)5d 5d'" 2 D 2)4 128385. 2 1H

gd 2 F3^ 4d8

(

1 G)5d 5d'" 2 F 3H 128623. 6 —40. 9

fird

2 F2H 2)4 128664. 5 0d 2 Go* 4d8 (

1 G)5d 5d'" 2 G 4)4 129309. 3 —73. 2

gd 2 Gz)4 3)4 129382. 5

Pd hi (

3 F4) Limit — 156700

December 1956.

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectrum

of

the

Rhi

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

hi,

Introduction.
44

Pd ill

(Ru i sequence; 44 electrons) Z—46

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 dp6 3c?10 4s2 4

p

6 4d8 3F4

a

3F4 265600 K I. P. 32.92 volts

The extensive analysis is by Shenstone, who has carried it out especially for inclusion

here. His observations extend from 695A to 2950A. He has classified 800 lines and derived

the limit 265900 from the ns 3,6F series, (n=5,6) by means of a Ritz formula, with an assumed

value of a=4X10~6. The quoted value is from Catalan and Rico, who have obtained it by

comparison of the third spectra from Y to In. Observed intersystem combinations connect

the terms of different multiplicities.

Shenstone’s investigation of this spectrum is so complete that only three levels “from the

expected configurations’ ’ remain to be found. He emphasizes the fact that “the assignment

of terms to ions is in many cases doubtful” and he feels that the levels should not be grouped

into terms in the table. On account of the increased inaccuracy of all levels lower than a

6F6 he

suggests, also, that this level be adopted as zero. The writer has rearranged his data to conform to the general format adopted for these

Volumes. The users are urged to bear in mind the reservations made by Shenstone regarding

this format and to consult him for further details.

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (January 1956). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catal&n y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957). (I P)
45

Pd ill Pd in

Config. Desig. / Level Interval

4d8 a 3 F 432

0. 0

3229. 7

4687. 3 -3229. 7 - 1457. 6

4d8 a J D 2 10230. 5 Ads a 3 P 012

13699. 1 13470. 3 14634. 3 —228. 8

1164. 0 4d* a iG 4 17880. 4

4d7 (4 F)os a 5F 5 52915. 9 -2172. 9 -1652. 7 -1103. 5 -682. 3 4321

55088. 8

56741. 5 57845. 0

58527. 3 4d7 (4 F)5s b 3F 432

62560. 9 65255. 4

67079. 4 -2694. 5 -1824. 0

4d7 (4 P)5s a 5P 3 65708. 0 -80. 3 -1363. 1 21 65788. 3 67151. 4

4d7 (2 G)5s a 3 G 543

69985. 8

71047. 2

72786. 1 -1061. 4 -1738. 9

4d7 (2P) 5s

b 3 P 2 72745. 0 -257. 6 -1278. 6 10

73002. 6 74281. 2 4d7 (2H)5s a 3 H 654

74673. 3 75967. 6 78581. 1 -1294. 3 -2613. 5 4d7 (2 G)5s b iG 4 75403. 0 4d7 (4 P)5s c 3 P 210

75455. 0

76055. 8

78732. 5? -600. 8 -2676. 7

4d7 (2 D)5s a 3 D 32

76231. 4

78169. 8 -1938. 4

49. 8 1 78120. 0 4d7 (2 H)5s a J H 5 80805. 1

4<2 7 (2 P)5s a 4 P 1 82620. 3 4d7 (2D)5s b iD 2 83204. 3 4d7 (2 F)5s c 3 F 234

85420. 7

85830. 4

86795. 2

409. 7

964. 8 4d7 (2 F)5s a *F 3 90684. 3 4d7 (2 D)5s« b 3D 1 103529. 4?

20. 2

869. 5 2 103549. 6 3 104419. 1 4d7 (4 F)5p 2 SF° 5 105145. 4 726. 7 -2474. 8 -1748. 2 -1138. 4 4321

104418. 7 106893. 5

108641. 7 109780. 1 4d7 (4 F)5p 2 6D° 43 108115. 7 109724. 5 -1608. 8 -1216. 5 -768. 4

-137. 8 2 110941. 0 10

111709. 4

111847. 2

4d7 (4 F)5p 2 S G° 6 109015. 4 -60. 9 -1672. 7 -882. 2 -171. 7 54

109076. 3

110749. 0 3 111631. 2 2 111802. 9

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d7 (4P) 5p 2 ®S° 2 112328. 6 4d7 (4 F) 5p 2 3F° 43 112449. 3

113801. 9 -1352. 6 2 115738. 0 — 1936. 1

4d7 (4 F)5p 2 3 G° 543

112506. 9

114886. 6

116518. 9

-2379. 7 -1632. 3

4d7 (4 F)5p 2 3D° 32 115736. 6 116790. 3 -1053. 7 -776. 3 1 117566. 6

4d7 (4 P)5p 2 5P° 1 119227. 9

815. 2

179. 3 2 120043. 1 3 120222. 4 4d7 (2 G)5p 2 3H° 456

122771. 8

120687. 9

123329. 3

-2083. 9 2641. 4

4d7 (2 G)5p

y 3F° 432

121161. 5

124236. 9

127378. 6 -3075. 4 -3141. 7

4d7 (4 P)5p

y 5D° 0 121652. 6

81. 8

1258. 7 12 121734. 4

122993. 1 34

123503. 4

121899. 8

dlO. 3 -1603. 6

4c2 7 (2 P)5p 2 3 P°? 21 123313. 1 125477. 4 -2164. 3 0 4d7 (2 P)5p 2 3 S° 1 123779. 0

4<3 7 (2 G)5p 2 1 G° 4 124431. 9

4d7 (4P)5p y 3D° 3 124644. 3

204. 8 -536. 6 2 124439. 5 1 124976. 1

4(2 7 (2 H)5p

y 3 G° 543

124760. 4 127985. 1 129682. 5

-3224. 7 -1697. 4

4d7 (2 H)5p 2 3 I° 765

127545. 8

125163. 1 127906. 6

2382. 7 -2743. 5

4d7 (2 G)5p z 3 G° 5 125389. 9 -1524. 1 -103. 5 4 126914. 0 3 127017. 5

4d7 (2 G)5p 2 1 F° 3 125694. 3

4d7 (4 P)5p y 3P° 21 126078. 5

127149. 5 -1071.0 0 4d7 (2 G)5p 2 1 H° 5 127187. 1 4d7 (2 D) 5p z 3D° 321

127657. 9

128797. 9

129841. 4 -1140.0 - 1043. 5

4c2 7 (2 P)5p

w 3D° 3 128038. 4 -175. 9 -286. 8 2 128214. 3 1 128501. 1

4(2 7 (2 D) 5p z 3F° 4 130476. 3 1 d 32 132044 7 130621. 0

1423. 7

4d7 (2H)5p 2 7 I° 6 130959. 3

4(2 7 (2 P)5p 2 7S° 0 131482. 81
46

Pd m—Continued Pd III—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d7

(

2 H)5p y

3 H° 6 131550. 6 749 9 4d7 (

2 F)5p x 1 G° 4 141018. 4

54

132300. 5

133450. 2 -1149. 7 4d7

(

2 F)5p v3 D° 3 141283. 7 -936. 4

117. 1 2 143220. 17 4d7 (

4 P)5p y

3 S° 1 132181. 2 1 143103. 0

4d7

(

2 P)5p 2 IP 0

1 132716. 7 4d7 (

2 D)5p5 w 3 P° 2 153929. 5 -637. 5 -822. 5

1 154567. 0

4d7 (

2 D)5p 2 >D° 2 132742. 9 0 155389. 5

4d7 (

2 P)5p y

1 D° 2 132951. 1 4d7 (

2 D) 5pi u 3 D° 3

9 156576. 3

4d7

(

2 H)5p y

J G° 4 134638. 8 1 4d7

(

2 F)5p 3 135159. 3 8880 8 4d7 (

4 F)6s e

5 F 5 169831. 1 -499. 2 -1455. 1 4

5 139049. 1 141874. 2

2825. 1 4

39

170330. 3 171785. 4 4d7 (

2 D)5p X 3 P° 2 135218. 2 2270 7

1 1 137488. 9 -25L 6 4d7 ( 0 137740. 51 4 F)6s e

3 F 4

0 173635. 6 4d7 (

2 D)5p y

J F° 3 135356. 8

02 4d7 (

2 D)5p y

1 P° 1 136782. 3 4d

6 5s(6D)5p y~}F° 5 4d7 (

2 H)5p y

1 H° 5 136847. 4 4

3 193222. 5

195160. 0 -1937. 5 -1385. 1 2 196545. 1 4d7 (

2 F)5p X

4 F° 3 137160. 6 1 4d7 (

2 F)5p w 3 F° 2 138415. 5 2057 8

34140473. 3

141980. 1 1506. 8 Pd iv(4 F4M) Limit — 265600

4d7

(

2 F)5p x >D° 2 140563. 5

February 1957. Pd hi Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p9 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 +

Observed Terms

fa 3 P a

3F

4a8 \ a 4 D a 4 G

ns (n> 5) np (w>5)

/

a,e 6F z ®D° 2 *F° 2 ®G°

4d7 (

4 F)nx

\ b,e 3 F 2

3 D° 23 F° 2

3 G°

fa 5 P 2

6S° 2 ®P° y

6D°

4d7 (

4 P)nx \c 3 P y

3 S° y3 P° y3 D°

f a

3 G y

3 F° x

3 G° 23 H°

4d7 (

2 G)nx

\ 6

1 G 2

4 F° 21 G° 2

1 H°

(b 3 P 2

3 S° 23 P° w 3 D°

4d7 (

2 P)nx {a iP 2

4 S° 24 P

0 y

4 D°

f a 3 H y

3 G° y

3H° 2

3 I° 4d7

(

2 H)nx

\ a

4 H y

7 G° y'E. 0 2

1 I°

f a 3 D x

3 P° x 3 D° x

3 F°

4d7 (

2 D)nx

{ b iD y

ip° 2 iD° y

4 F°

f c

3 F v

3 D° w 3 F° w 3 G°

4a7

(

2 F)nx

\ a iF x >D° x

4 F° x

4 G°

4d7

(

2 D)nxJ b

3 D w 3 P° u

3 D°

4d6 5s(6 D)nx y

6 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ru I isoelectronic sequence, see Yol. hi, Introduction.

*This entry denotes the higher of the two 2 D limit terms for this configuration.
Pd xviii

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z=46

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s 2S0>*

4s 2 S0* K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed the doublets due to the

transitions 4s-5_p, 4^-5d, kd-bj, and 4^p-5s, from Pd xviii to In xxi. In figure 3 of his paper on the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum

spark spectra of Pd observed from 40 A to 80 A.

By analogy with Cu i the writer has assumed the ground state indicated above.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 549 (1947).

March 1953. Pd xx

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=46

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3^>

8 3d9 2D2^

3d92D2* K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed three lines due to the transition 32

>8 3d

9 2D—

3

p

h 3d10 2P°, in the region between 40 A and 80 A. In figure 4 of his paper on

the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic

number for this combination in the Co i-like spectra Pd xx to Sn xxiv. For Pd xx the wave

numbers are between 1500000 and 1800000 K.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 548 (1947).

March 1953.
SILVER

Agl

47 electrons Z=47

Ground state Is2 2s2 2^?

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4s

2 4

p

6 4d

9 5s

2 2S0h

5s2 2S0H 61106.50 K I. P. 7.574 volts

The early work on this spectrum by Blair and others has been revised and extended by

Shenstone. The analysis is from Shenstone’s 1940 paper, supplemented by Rasmussen’s

extension of the 2P°, 2D, and 2F° series. For the terms common to the two papers, values of

the latter have been used in the present compilation. Shenstone’s notation is given in column 1 of the table.

About 190 lines have been classified in the range between 1507.37 A and 39951 A. The

doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

Shenstone has determined the limit from the 2S series, by using an extended Ritz formula.

For 10 levels having as limit the 3 D term in Ag n, he has assigned the J-value of the limit, as

is indicated in the configuration column.

The following ^-values have been determined from Zeeman observations of five Ag i lines

that appear as impurities on spectrograms measured at the National Bureau of Standards:

Desig. J Level Obs. g

5s 2 S 0)4 0. 00 1. 998

5v

2 P° oy2 29552. 05 0. 666

1H S0472. 71 1. 330

6s 2 S 0/2 42556. 15 1. 995

5d 2 D 1/2 48744. 00 0. 801

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 57, 894 (1940). (I P) (T) (C L) E. Rasmussen, Det. Kgl. Danske Videnskab., Math-fys. Medd. (Copenhagen) 18, 24 (1940). (T) (C L)

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 72, 1273 (L) (1947). (T)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No, 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs). H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs)
49

Ag I Ag

I

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s 2 S* 4d10

(

1 S) 5s 5s 2 S oy 0. OO 12s 2 S* 4d10

(

l S)12s 12s 2 S 0 y 59574. 56

5V

2 P* 4d10

(

1 S) 5p 5p 2p o oy 29552. 05 920. 66 lld 2 D1H 4d10

(

1 S)lld lid 2 D 1y 59751. 15

0. 36

5P

2 Pih iy 30472. 71 lid 2 D2H 2y 59751. 51

5s2 2 D2H

5s2 2 DiH

4d9 5s2 5s2 2 D 2y

ljs 30242. 26

34714. 16 -4471. 90 12d 2 D 4d10

(

1 S)12d

Ag uPSo)

12d 2 D

Limit

1 y, 2y 60007. 6 61106. 50

6s 2 S* 4d10

(

1 S)6s 6s 2 S oy 42556. 15

5s 5p 4 D3 ^ 4d9 5s(3 D)5p 5

p' 4 D° 3y 61773. 1 408 5

6P

2 Ph 4d10

(

1 S) 6p 6p 2 po oy2 48297. 88 203. 39 6s 5p 4 D2>* 2y 62181. 6 1349 1 6V

2 Pm IX 48500. 77 5s 5p 4 Di>* 1 y 68530. 7 -1045

5s 5p 4 D0h oy 64576

5d 2 D1H 4d10

(

1 S)5d 5d 2 D iy2 48744. 00

20. 22

5d 2 D2>$ 2y2 48764. 22 5s 5p 2 F2h

5s 5p 2 F3k

4dfl 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 2 F° 2y

3y

62938. 7 65637. 6

2703. 9

7s 2 Sh 4d10

(

1 S) 7s 7s 2 S oy2

. 51886. 98

4d9 5s( 5s 5p

2 P 3 D)5p 5p' 2 P° 0y, 1 y 65986

7P

2 P* 4d10

(

1 S) 7p 7P

2 p

0 oy 54040. 99

80. 17

7P

2 Pih iy 54121. 16 5s 5p

2 Dm 4d« 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 2 D° iy 66340 632

5s 5p 2 D2^ 2y2 66972. 0

6d 2 D^ 4d10

(

1 S)6d 6d 2 D i y 54203. 13

10. 47 6d 2 D2j$ 2y 54213. 60 1° 4d9 5s(1 D)5p 5p" 2 F° 3 y

2y

72334

4/ 2 F 4d10

(

1 S)4/ 4/ 2p° 2y2 , 3y2 54204. 78

2° 4d9 5s(1 D)5p 5p" 2 P° 1/2 73470

8s »S* 4d10

(

1 S) 8s 8s 2 S oy2 55581. 29 oy

5s 5p ‘P2^ 4d® 5s (3 D) 5p 5p' 4 po 2y 56223. 8 -2281. 4 -2032. 8

3° 4d9 5s(1 D)5p 5p" 2 D° 2y 73527

5s 5p 4 Pi^ i y 58504. 7 iy

5s 5p 4 PH oy 60537. 5

5s'6s 4 D3^ 4d9 5s(3 D)6s 6s' 4 D 3y 79412. 9 751

8p »Ph 4d10

(

1 S) 8p 8p 2 po

oy 56620. 72

39. 85

5s 6s 4 D2H 2y 80164 — 1102

8p

2 Pi«

4d10

(

1 S)5/ 5/ 2p°

i y

2y,3y

56660. 57

56691. 40

5s 6s 4 Di>* 5s 6s 4 Dj$

1 y

oy

81266

83982. 8 -2717

7d 2 D1H 7d 2 D2H

e

2 D2h 4d9 5s(3 D)6s 6s' 2 D 2y 82070 -2524

4d10

(

1 S)7d 7d 2 D iy

2y

56699. 79

56705. 54 5. 75 e

2 D„* iy 84594

/

2 D2x 4d9 5s(x D)6s 6s" 2 D 2y 86484

5# 2 G 4d10

(

I S) 5g 5ff

2 G 3y,4y 56711. 1 1 y

9s 2 S* 4d10

(

1 S)9s 9s 2 S oy 57425. 11 4d9 5s(3 D3)5d 11 86896

9p 2 Pix

4d10

(

1 S)9p 9p

2 p° 0y

1y

58005. 20

58027. 10 21. 90 1 23H,4H 4d» 5s(3 D3)5d 12 87122. 0

8d 2 D^ 4d10

(

1 S) 8d

132k,3H 4d9 5s(3 D3)5d 13 87144

8d 2 D i y 58050. 01

3. 47 8d 2 D2* 2y 58053. 48 142* 4d9 5s(3 D3)5d 14 2 y 87222

4d10

(

1 S)6f 6/ 2p° 2 y, 3y 58055. 56 15 3x 4d9 5s(3 D3)5d 15 3y 87312. 0

10s 2 S* 4d10

(

1 S)10s 10s 2 S oy 58478. 13 163k»4M 4d9 5s(3 D3)5d 16 87356. 6

5s 5p

4 F4*4 4

d

9 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 4p° 4y 58901. 9

112. 2 -531. 4 - 1920. 8

17 4d9 5s(3 D2)5d 17 3y? 88594

5s 5p 4 F3H 3y 58789. 7

5s 5p 4 F2>$ 5s 5p 4 Fih

2y

i y

59821. 1 61241. 9

182h 4d9 5s(3 D2)5d 18 2y 88738

4d10

(

1 S)10p

192H.3H 4d9 5s(3 D2)5d 19 88816

lOp 2 po oy

iy

58884. 25

58849. 88 15. 58 4d9 5s(3 D3)7s 7 5s 7s 4 D3*

s' 4 D 3y 90366

2y

9d 2 Dj^ 4d10

(

1 S)9d 9d 2 D i y 58862. 46

2. 20 1 y

9d 2 D2H 2y 58864. 66 oy

11s 2S* 4d10

(

1 S) lls Us 2 S oy 59135. 99 20ih,2h 4d9 5s? 20 90612

lOd 2 DW 4d10

(

1 S)10d LOd 2 D i y 59388. 97

1. 75 lOd 2 D2* 2y 59390. 72

February 1955.
50

Ag i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s3 2p® 3s2 3p® 3du 4s2 4p«+

Observed Terms

4d9 5s2

4d10

(

1 S)na:

4d9 5s (

3 D)nz'

4d9 5s (

1 D)nx"

5s2 2 D

ns (n > 5) np (n> 5) nd (n> 5) nf (n >4) ng (n> 5)

5-12s 2 S

/ 6, 7s' 4 D

\ 6s' 2 D

6s" 2 D

5-10p 2 P°

5p' 4 P° 5

p' 4 D° 5

p' 4 F°

5

p' 2 P° 5

p' 2 D° 5p' 2 F°

5p" 2 P° 5p" 2 D° 5p" 2 F°

5-12d 2 D 4r-6/ 2 F° 5g 2 G

*For predicted terms of the Ag i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. m, Introduction.

Ag II

(Pd I sequence; 46 electrons) Z=47

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 'So

4d'° % 173300 K I. P. 21.48 volts

More than 380 lines of Ag n have been classified in the range from 728.73 A to 9052.69 A.

The terms are from the papers by Gilbert and by Rasmussen, who have extended the early

work of Shenstone, Blair, Duffendack and Thomson, Beals, and others.

Catalan and Rico have adjusted the value of the limit from a study of the spectra Sr n

to Cd ii. Their value is quoted here. Gilbert has derived the ionization limit 173274.0 K

from the 4d9 ns 3 D series (n= 6 to 8) by means of a Ritz formula. To quote, “of the 4d? ns 3,1 D

series the 3 D3 and 3 D2 series converge to the 4

9 2 D2H state of Ag hi, and the 3DX and 'D2 series

converge to 4d9 2Di^”. From these two limits he determines the interval of the ground term

2D of Ag hi as 4607 cm-1

. In the table the J-values of the limits are indicated.

The pair-coupling notation, introduced first in these Volumes for the inert gases to denote

the departure from A^-coupling, applies also to spectra of the Pd i sequence. In the text of

Pd i a small auxiliary table giving this notation, may be found.

The three-place ^-values in the table are from unpublished Zeeman patterns of 37 lines

measured by W. F. Meggers, C. C. Kiess, and C. J. Humphreys at the National Bureau of

Standards. These Ag n lines appeared as impurities in various spectra, observed mostly at

the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The weakest determinations are indicated by a

colon. Two-place entries are from the paper by Shenstone and Blair, who derived ^-values

from unresolved Zeeman patterns of Ag n from their formula for blended patterns.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the systems of terms of different multiplicities.

The ground term has been connected with the rest by Shenstone from White’s observations of

three lines, subsequently confirmed by Menzies, as follows:

White Menzies

Desig.

A (vac) K A (vac) K

1107. 05

1112. 46

1195. 87

90330. 2

89890. 9

83621. 1

1107. 01

1112. 35

1195. 76

90333. 4

89899. 8

83628. 8

4d10 iS0 -5p 3 Df

4d101 S0 -5p J Pi

4d10 2 S0 -5p 3 Pj
51

Ag II—Continued

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone. Phys. Rev. 31, 317 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) A. C. Menzies, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 122, 134 (1929). (T) (C L) A. G. Shenstone and H. A. Blair, Phil. Mag. 8, 770 (1929). (Z E)

H. A. Blair, Phys. Rev. 36, 173 (1930). (T) (C L)

O. S. Duffendack and K. Thomson, Phys. Rev. 43, 109 (1933). (T) (C L)

W. P. Gilbert, Phys. Rev. 47, 847 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L) E. Rasmussen, Kgl. Danske Videnskab., Math-fys. Medd. (Copenhagen) 18, No. 5, 10 (1940). (T) (C L) (I S) M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 48, 328 (1952) and letter (December 1956). (I P)

Ag II Ag II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d10 4d10 iS 0 0. 0 4d9

(2 D2H) 6p 6p 3p° 2 130721. 01 91 1 fi fi*} 4d9

(

2 D2 *)5s 5s *D 3 39163. 9 -1577. 1 -2997. 7

1. 318 4d9

(2 D1 *)6p

10 132837. 64

136165. 82 -3328. 18

// 2 40741. 0 1. 119

4d9 (*D1H)5s 1 43738. 7 0. 488 4d9 (

2 D1H)5d 5d ip 1 130756. 0 1. 51 4d»(*D1 *)5s 5s 2 46045. 7 1. 028 4d9 (2 Dw)5d 5d 1G 4 131510. 5 1 . O65

4d9 (

2 D2H)5p 5p jpo 2 80172. 20 -3449. 16 -2514. 66

1. 464 4d9

(

2 D1H)5d 5d iD 2 131783. 9 1. 147 n 1 83621. 36 1. 410

4d9 (*Dw)5p 0 86136. 02 4d9 (

2 DjH)5d 5d ip 3 132191. 8 1. 095

4d»(2 D2*)5p 5p 4 83665. 41 1497. 85

-4716. 39

1. 249 4d9 (

2 D2^)6p 6p »F° 4 132425. 50 411 97

4d9 (2 Dw)5p

32 82167. 66

86883. 95

1. 059

0. 889

// 4d9 (

2 D1H)6p

3

2 132013. 53

136514- 91 -4501. 38

4d9

(

2 D2^) 5p 5p *D° 3 86456. 54 1259. 93

-5134. 13

1. 240 1° 4 132684- 46

2 85196. 61 0. 851

4d9 (

2 D1H)5p 1 90330. 74 0. 52 4d9 (

2 D2 nJ6p 6p *D° 3 133017. 94 101 65

4d9 (*D1H)5p 5p

ij10 3 89130. 64 1. 076

// 4d9

(

2 Di^)6p

2

1 132916. 29137221 . 4S

-4305. 14

4d9 0>D1H)5p 5p

jpo

1 89891. 40 1. 008 2° 2 133137. 81 4d9 (*D1H)5p 5p iD° 2 90883. 70 1.099 3° 2 133589. 4

4d8 5s2 5s2 ip 4

32

93928. 66

97957. 81

99601. 90

-4029. 15 - 1644. 09

4d9 (

2 D,*)5d 5d

4°

iS

30134839. 04

134449. 4 4d8 5s2 5s2 *P 2

1 105258. 18

108934. 34 -3676. 16

5° 1 134795. 04

0 6° 2 1354U. 22

4d8 5s* 5s2 iS 0 109123. 59 4d9 (2 DlH)6p 6p jpo 1 136828. 51 4d8 5s2 5s2 iD 2 110769. 41 4d9 (

2 D1H)6p 6p ip 0 3 137172. 63

4d8 5s2 5s2 l G 4 113598. 12 4d9

( 2 DlH)6p 6p iD° 2 137464 20

4d9 (

2 D2*)6s

// 6s *D 32

120529. 45

120907. 13 -377. 68

-4215. 25

1. 293:

1. 195:

7° 3 1386S3. S 4d9 (

2 D*)6s 1 125122. 38 0. 53 8° 2 139227. 3

4d9

(2 D1}4)6s 6s iD 2 125400. 89 1. 11 9° 2 140962. 3

4d9 (

2 D2H)5d 5d *S 1 125568. 9 1. 84 4d9

(

2 D2H)7s 7s 2 D 3 144473. 9 145 1 4d9

(

2 D2H)5d 5d 3 G 5 126660. 5 -12. 6 -4573. 2

// 4d9 (

2 D1H)7s 2

1 144619. 0

149078. 4 -4459. 4

4 126673. 1 1. 03

4d9 (*D1H)5d 3 131246. 3 0. 75? 4d9 (

2 D1H)7s 7s iD 2 149179. 1 4d9 (

2 D2H)5d 5d jp 2 126760. 2 -3. 5 -1765. 1

1. 334 4d9

( 2 D2H)8s 8s 3 D 3 155085. 3 71

1 126763. 7 0. 90 // 2 155156. 8 n -453L 0

0 128528. 8 4d9 (

2 D1H )8s 1 159690. 8

4d9 (

2 D2H)5d 5d 3 D 3 127205. 0 -312. 0 -3983. 5

1. 288

:

4d9

(

2 D1H)8s 8s iD 2 159738. 8 2 127517. 0 1. 006:

4d9 (

2 D1H)5d

4d9

(2 D2H)5d n

1 131500. 5 0 74 5d 3 F 4 127601. 8

117. 3 -4664. 4

1. 218: Ag hi (2 D2^) Limit 173300

3 127484. 5 0. 958

4d9 (

2 D1H)5d 2 132148. 9 0. 71 Ag iii(2 Dih) TAm.it. 177862

March 1952.
Ag ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2

2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d10 4

2 4p«+ Observed Terms

4d“ 4d10 J S

4d8 5s

2 W is 5s2 3 P

5s2 *D

5s2 *F

5s2 »G

ns (n>5

np (n> 5)

4d#

(

2 D)n:r

f 5-8s *D

\ 5-8s »D

5, 6p *P° 5, 6p *D°

5, 6p J P° 5, 6p 1 D°

5, 6p *F°

5, 6p »F°

nd (n> 5)

4d# (

2 D)nx J5d *S \5d iS 5d *P

5d iP

5d «D

5d 2 D

5d *F

5d l F

5d *G

5d 2 G

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Pd i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.

Agra

(Rh i sequence; 45 electrons) Z—47

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s

2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4p® 4d

9 2D2^

4d

9 2D2* 280900 K I. P. 34.82 volts

The analysis is by Gilbert, who has observed the spectrum from 500 A to 3000 A, thereby

revising and greatly extending the earlier work by B. V. R. Rao. Gilbert has published 257

classified lines between 709.80 A and 3013.81 A. The limit is from Catalan and Rico, who have

interpolated it by comparison of third spectra from Y to In. Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

B. V. R. Rao, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 1A,28 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. P. Gilbert, Phys. Rev. 48, 338 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957). (I P)
53

Ag hi Ag in

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d« 4d» *D 2H 0 -4607 4d8 (

3F)5p 5p 2 G° 4y 125250 -2479

1H 4607 3H 127729

4d8 (

8F) 5s 5s 4F 4H 63250 2514 4d8 (*F)5p 5p 2 F° 3y 126782 -2072 3H 65764 -2381

-1206

2y 128804

2H

1H

68145

69351 4d8

(

3 P)5p 5

p' 4 P° OH 129148 794

215 iy 129987

4d8 (

3 F) 5s 5s 2 F 3H 71691 -2243 2y 130152

2H 73934

4d8

(

1 D)5p 5p" 2 F° 2H 131875 1760 4d8

(

3 P)5s 5s' 4 P 2H 76406 -1007

-1913

3H 188685

ih

OH

77413

79326? 4d8

(l 1 D)5p 5p" 2P° oy 188467 1488 IH 134955

4d8 (

1 D) 5s 5s" *D IH 80131 2100 2H 82231 4d8 (

1 D)5p 5p" 2 D° IH

2y

185856

185762 406

4d8

(

3 P) 5s 5s' jP ih 85182 -2295

oy 87477 4d8

(>3 P)5p

5p' 4 D° OH

4d8 (»G)5s 5s'" 2 G 4H 85599 -128

iy2 2H

186808

186981 123

45 3y 85727 3H 186976

4d8 (

3 F) 5p 5p 4D° 3H 115412 -3731

2874

4d*(1 G)5p 5p'" 2 H° 4H 186809 3133 2y 11914S 5H 139942

iy2 122014 -1394 4d8

( OH 12S40 3 P)5p

8

5

p' 2 D° 2H

1H

138849

189822 -473

4d8

(

3 F) 5p 5p4 G° 5y 120S59 2428

-3137

-1464

4y 117981 4d8 (

3 P)5p 5p' 2 P° 1H 140078 -3703 3H

2H

121068

122582

OH 148781

4d8 (*F)5p

4d8 (»G)5p 5p'" *F° 3H 140881 -1284

5p 4JTO 4H

3%

2y

122800

128631

126208

-1331

-2577

2281

2H 142165

Ag iv(*F4 ) Limit 280900

iy 123927

4d8 (*F)5p 5p JD° 2H 125095 -2775 iy 127870

February 1957.

Ag hi Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is* 2

s

2 2

p

fl 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4

p

8 +

Observed Terms

4d»

4d8 (

3 F)nx

4d8 (

3 P)nx'

4d8 (

1 D)nx"

4d8

(

1 G)nx'"

4d» 2 D

ns (n> 5)

5s 4 F

5s 2 F

f5s' 4 P

L5s' 2 P

5s" 2 D

5s'" 2 G

np (n> 5)

5p

4D° 5p 4p°

5p 2 D0 5p

2 p°

5p' 4 po 5p' 4 D°

5p' 2 po 5p' 2 D0 5p"’ 2 po 5p"’ 2 D0 5p" 2 p°

5p'" 2 F°

5p 4 G

e 5p 2 G

C

5p'" 2H

C

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Rh i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. nr, Introduction.
54

Ag XIX

(Cu I sequence; 29 electrons) Z=47

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s 2S(^

4s 2Soh K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed the doublets due to the

transitions 4s-5p, 4p-5d, 4d-5j, and 4p-5s, from Pd xvm to In xxi. In figure 3 of his paper on the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum

spark spectra of Ag observed from 40 A to 80 A.

By analogy with Cu i the writer has assumed the ground state indicated above.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 549 (1947).

March 1963.

Ag xxi

(Co I sequence; 27 electrons) Z=47

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d9 2D2^

3d9 2D2^ K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed three lines due to the transition 3

p

8 3d9 2D—3p5 3d10 2P°, in the region between 40 A and 80 A. In figure 4 of his paper on

the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic

number for this combination in the Co i-like spectra Pd xx to Sn xxiv. For Ag xxi the

wave numbers are between 1500000 and 1900000 K.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 548 (1947).

March 1953.

i
CADMIUM

Cd I

48 electrons Z=48

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4

s

2 4p* 4

d

10 5s2 ‘So

5s2 ‘So 72538.8 K I. P. 8.991 volts

More than 200 lines in the spectrum have been classified. The observations extend from

682.85 A to nearly 39087 A, but the existing fists of wavelengths are not homogeneous. The

accuracy of the present data could be greatly improved with modern observations, particularly

in the infrared.

The early analysis was by Paschen and Gotze and by Fowler, who found the leading series. The limit, and most of the terms in the table are from Fowler’s Report. Ruark added the

terms: 12 to 15s ‘S; 15, 16s 3S; 9 to 11, 13 to 15d‘D; 17 to 19d 3D, and 5p2 3 P. Shenstone

and Pittenger revised the values of the terms 7 to 12d 3D. Beutler observed in absorption

26 fines between 682 A and 1022 A, which he classifies as transitions from the ground term

to terms above the ionization limit having the configurations 4d

9 5s2

(

2 D)np and 4d

9 5s2

(

2 D)nf.

The J-values of the limit term in Cd n, 2D, are from this paper. For these levels the values

of the observed wave numbers are entered in the table. For triplet terms only the component with J=1 is indicated, since only the combinations with the ground term (J= 0) are

to be expected.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

The entries in the table given to more than one decimal are from interferometer measure- ments of 18 fines, of which 14 are from the paper by Meggers and Burns, 3 from Hetzler,

Boreman, and Burns, and 1 from Ignatieff. The level 5p

2 3 P2 is from Garton and Rajaratnam,

who have observed wide diffuse features at 2212 A and 2270 A which they designate as combinations of this level with 5p 3 P° and 5p 3 P°, respectively.

Observations of forbidden transitions and of hyperfine structure are discussed in numerous

papers. The Paschen-Back effect of the three lines at 4678 A, 4799 A, and 5085 A, 5p

3 P° —6s 3S, are described in detail by Sato. Green and Gray give a similar report for six fines between

3403 A and 3614 A, 5p 3P^-5d 2 D.

Cd I occupies a unique position among spectra in that it furnishes the primary standard

of wavelength. The line 6438.4696 A, 5p

X P° —

5

d

: D2 is the fundamental wavelength on which

all other standards are based. The specifications for the production of this primary standard

are defined in the 1925 report of Commission 14 of the International Astronomical Union—the

Commission on Standards of Wave-Length. The summary of the directly measured wavelengths “of the Cadmium Red Line in terms of the International Metre (1 A. = 1X10 -10 m)” is published in the 1950 report of this Commission.
56

Cd I—Continued

REFERENCES

A. Ignatieff, Ann. der Phys. [4] 43, 1117 (1914).

W. F. Meggers and K. Burns, Sci. Papers Bur. Std. 18, 185, No. 441 (1922).

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren, p. 110 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (T) (C L)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 142 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L) Trans. Intern. Astron. Union 2, 40 (1925). A. E. Ruark, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 11, 199 (1925). (T) (C L)

H. Beutler, Zeit. Phys. 87, 19 (1933). (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and D. E. Gray, Phys. Rev. 45, 273 (1933). (Z E)

C. W. Hetzler, R. W. Boreman, and K. Burns, Phys. Rev. 48, 656 (1935).

S. Sato, Sci. Reports Tohoku Univ. (Sendai) [1] 25, 686 (1936). (Z E)

A. G. Shenstone and J. T. Pittenger, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 220 (1949). (T) Trans. Intern. Astron. Union 7, 146 (1950).

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab. ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs) W. R. S. Garton and A. Rajaratnam, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) [A] 68, 1107 (1955). (T) (C L)

Cd I Cd I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10 5s2 5s2 iS 0 0. 0 4d10 5s(2 S)7p 7p

xpo 1 657/97h 2

4d10 bs(2 S)bp 5p

3p° 0 SO11 4- 017

542. 113

1170. 866

4d10 5s(2 S)4/ 4

3p° 2, 3,4 65581. 7

12

S0656. ISO

SI 826. 996 4 5s(2 S)8s 8s *s 1 66680. 920

4d'° 5s(2 S)5p bp ipo 1 7/8692. 1/74 4d10 5s(2 S)8s 8s IS 0 66904. 7

4d

10 5s(2 S)6s 6s 3 S 1 51484. 013 4d10 5s (

2 S) 8p 8P

3p° 0 67829. 6

12. 5

33. 1 4d10 5s(2 S)6s

1 6787/2. 1 6s IS 0 53310. 16 2 67875. 2

4<210 5s(2 S)6p 6p

3p° 0 68390. 9

70. 7

174. 1

4

10 bs(2 S)7d 7d iD 2 67837. 1

1 687/61. 6

2 68685. 7 4d10 bs(2S)7d 7d

3 D 1 67990. 1

2. 8

2 67992. 9 4d10 5s(2 S)5d bd iD 2 59219. 824 3 67997. 5

4. 6

4d10 5s(2 S)5d bd 8 D 12

3

59485. 793

59497. 895

59516. 017

12. 102

18. 122

4d10 bs(2 S)8p 8P

ipo 1 68055. 7/ 4d10 bs(2 S)bf 5/ 3p° 2, 3,4 68093. 7 4d10 5s(2 S)6p 6p

ipo 1 59905. 6

4d10 5s(2 S)9s 9s 3S 1 68682. 2 4d10 5s(2S)7s

4d10 5s(2 S)7s

7s 3 S

IS

1 62563. 461

63086. 7 4d 9s IS 0 68799. 6

10 bs(2 S)9s

7s 0

4di° 5s(2 S)7p 7P

3p° 0 67/995. 9

25. 4

4

10 bs(2 S)8d 8d iD 2 69292. 5

1 66021. 8

2 65092. 8

71. 5 4d10 5s(2 S)9p 9p8p° 0 69817/. 5

6 9

1 69821. 7/ 18. 8 4d10 5s(2 S)6d 6d iD 2 65134. 871 2 6937/0. 2

4d10 5s(2 S)6d 6d

S D 1 65353. 5

5. 8

8. 0

4d10 5s (

2S) 8d 8d *D 1 69400. 5 2 3

2 65359. 3 2 69402. 8

2. 7

3 65367. 257 3 69405. 5
57

Cd I—Continued Cd I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4

d

10 5s(2 S)9p 9p ipo 1 69435. 7 4d10 5s(2S)16d 16d 3 D 1, 2,3 71972. 1 4d10 5s(2S)10s 10s 8S 1 69805. 9 4d10 5s (

2 S) 17d 17d 3 D 1, 2,3 72046. 7 4d10 5s (

2S) 10s 10s 2S 0 69873. 1 4d10 5s(2 S)18d 18d 3 D 1, 2,3 72108. 2 4d10 5s(2 S)9d 9d iD 2 70175. 9 4d10 5s(2 S)19d 19d 3 D 1, 2,3 72155. 7

4cZ10 5s (

2 S) lOp lOp 3po

0, 1,2 70207. 3 Cd ii(2S0>4) Limit 72538. 8

4

d

10 5s(2 S)9d 9d 3 D 1 70244. 2 1 Q 4d10 5p

2 5

p

2 3 P 0 73996. 2 2 70245. 5

I. o

1 74745. 4

( 4y. &

3 70247. 1

1. O

2 75860 1110

4d10 5s(2 S)10p lOp ipo 1 70262. 6 4d9 5s2

(

2 D2H)5p 5p" 1 97800

4d10 5s(2 S)lls 11s 3 S 1 70501. 2 4d9 5s2

(

2 D1H)5p 5p" 3P° 1 103420

4d10 5s(2S)lls 11s iS 0 70543. 2 4d9 5s2

(

2 D1M)5p 5p" 3 D° 1 104351

4d10 5s(2 S)10d lOd iD 2 70741. 9 4d9 5s2 (

2 D2H)6p 6p" 1 P° 1 127464

4d10 5s(2 S)10d lOd 3 D 1 70788. 3 fi 7 4d9 5s2

(2 D1H)6p 6p" 8 P° 1 132698

2 70789. 0

3 70790. 1

1. 1 4d9 5s2 (

2 D1H)6p 6p" 3 D° 1 133044

4d10 5s(2 S)llp lip ipo 1 70800. 0 4d9 5s2

(

2 D2H)7p 7p" 1 P° 1 134196

4d10 5s(2 S)12s 12s 3 S 1 70962. 0 4d9 5s2

(2 D2H)4/? 4-f" 3po?

1 135097

4d10 5s(2 S)12s 12s »S 0 70992. 1 4d9 5s2 (

2 D2}*)8p 8p" *P° 1 137027

4d10 5s(2S)lld lid iD 2 71119. 5 4d9 5s2

(

2 D2^)9p 9p" iP° 1 138524

4d10 5s(2 S)12p 12p ipo 1 71167. 9 4d9 5s

2 (2 D2H)6/? 6/" *P°? 1 138679

4d10 5s(2 S)lld lid 3 D 1 4d9 5s2

(

2 D2H)10p lOp" 2P° 1 139417

2 71159. 6

3 71160. 6

1. U 4d9 5s2 (

2 Dm)7p 7p" 3 P° 1 139652

4d10 5s(2S)13s 13s *S 1 71281. 8 4d9 5s2 (

2 D2^)llp lip" J P° 1 139987

4d10 5s(2 S)13s 13s iS 0 71299. 0 4d9 5s2

(

2 D2^)12p 12p" iP° 1 140410

4d10 5s(2S)12d 12d 3 D 1 4d9 5s2

(

2 D2^)13p? 13p" iP°? 1 140655

2 71424. 1 3 71425. 0

u. y 4d9 5s2 (

2 D1H)4/? 4/" iP° 1 140655

4d10 5s(2 S)14s 14s 3 S 1 71515. 6 4d9 5s2 (

2 D1K)8p 8p" 3 P° 1 142613

4d10 5s(2S)14s 14s iS 0 71528. 0 4d9 5s2 (

2 D1H)5/? 5if" !P°? 1 143203

4d10 5s (2S) 13d 13d 2 D 2 71596. 3 4d9 5s2 (2Dw)9p 9p" 3 P° 1 144134

4d10 5s (

2 S) 13d 13d 3 D 1, 2,3 71618. 5 4d9 5s2

(

2 D1H)6/ 6/" J P°? 1 144531

4d10 5s(2S)15s 15s 3S 1 71689. 6 4d9 5s2

(

2 D1H)10p lOp" 3 P° 1 145034

4d10 5s(2 S)15s 15s iS 0 71692. 4 4d® 5s2 (

2 D1H)7/? 7/" iP°? 1 145314

4d10 5s(2S)14d 14d iD 2 71748. 9 4d9 5s2 (

2 D1H)llp lip" 3 P° 1 145608

4d10 5s(2 S)14d 14d *D 1, 2,3 71767. 2 4d9 5s2 (

2 D1H)12p 12p" 3 P° 1 145993

4d10 5s(2 S)16s 16s *S 1 71818. 6 4d9 5s2 (

2 Dw)13p 13p" 3 P° 1 146281

4d10 5s(2S)15d 15d *D 2 71869. 2 4d9 5s2

(

2 D1 }i)14p 14p" 3 P° 1 146446

4d10 5s(2S)15d 15d 3D 1, 2,3 71880. 7

August 1955. 673518
58

Cdi Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is3 2s3 2

p

8 3s3 3p6 3d10 4s3 4p6 +

Observed Terms

4d10 5s3 5s3 »S 4d10 5p

3 5p3 3 P

ns (n> 6) np (n>5) nd (n> 5) nf (n>4)

4d10 5s(2 S)nx / 6-16s 3 S

\ 6-15s 3 S

5—lOp 3 P°

5-12p ip°

5-19d 3 D

5-ll,13-15d !D

4, 5/ 3 F°

4d* 5s3

(

2 D)nx" 5-14p" 3 P° 5-6p" 3 D°

5-13p" JP 0 4,6f" 3 P°?

4-7f" iP°?

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Cd i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Cd II

(Ag i sequence ; 47 electrons) Z=48

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 410 5s 2So^

5s 2S0H 136374.74 K I. P. 16.904 volts

The analysis is from the paper by Shenstone and Pittenger, who have revised and extended

the earlier work by Takahashi and by von Salis. In the range from 761 A to 8066 A there are 256 classified lines. Shenstone’s notation is given in the first column of the table. He has

redetermined the limit from the 2S and 2D series; and stresses the irregularity of both the 2P°

and 2F° series, as was pointed out by von Salis.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

The combination 4/ 2F°—5g 2 G has recently been observed by C. H. Corliss and R. J. Murphy

at 9670.84 A and 9658.75 A. These observations furnish the value of 5g 2G in the table, and

fit well into the ng 2G series (n =6 to 11) reported earlier.

REFERENCES

G. v. Salis, Ann. der Phys. [4] 76, 153 (1924). (I P) (T) (C L) Y. Takahashi, Ann. der Phys. [5] 3, 27 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L) A. G. Shenstone and J. T. Pittenger, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 220 (1949). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) C. H. Corliss and R. J. Murphy, unpublished material (March 1953). (T) (C L)
59

Cd II Cd II

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s 2 SH 4d10 (1 S)5s 5s 2S 0H 0. 00 10s 2 S* 4d10 ( 1 S) 10s 10s 2S 0y 127152. 89 5p 2 P°^ 4d10 (1 S)5p 5p 2 po oy 441 36. 08 2482. 47 7/ 2 FS* 4d10 ( 1 S)7/ 7/ 2p° 3 y 127249. 09 -33. 95 5p 2 Pfo iy 46618. 55 7/ 2 F2h 234 127283. 04 a 2 D2^ a 2 Dij^

4d8 5s2 5s2 2 D 2y2 iy

69258. 91 74893. 66 -5634. 75 7g 2 G 4d1°(1 S)70 7g 2 G

3y4y

}l27396. 62

6s 2 S* 4d10 ( 1 S)6s 6s 2 S oy2 82990. 66 9d 2 D^ 9d 2 D2j^ 4d10 ( x S) 9d 9d 2 D 1 y2%

127697. 43

127712. 28 14. 85 5d 2 D1H 4d10 ( 1 S)5d 5d 2 D i y 89689. 25

154. 53 5d 2 D2H 2y2 89843. 78 10p 2 Pw 4d10 ( 1 S) lOp lOp 2 po ik 127996. 78 -79. 6 10p 2 P0* 0y2 128076. 3 6p 2 P°h 4d10 ( 1 S) 6p 6p 2 p° oy 94710. 41 673. 22 6 4d9 5s(»D)5p V 2 Pfo l X 95888. 63 p 2 Fa* 5p" 2p° 3y 129189. 5 -2528. 7 y 2 f2* 2 y 181718. 2 Z 4d8 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 4 po 2 y 106189. 20 -3251. 66

-2755. 64 lls z 2 Sh 4 PhiS i X 109440. 86 4d10 ( 1 S)lls lls 2 S 0y 129343. 05 2 4 P°h oy2 112196. 50 y 2 p?k 4d8 5s(x D)5p 5p" 2p° iy 129844. 86

7s 2 S* 4d10 (1 S)7s 7s 2 S oy2 107300. 88 oy2 4/ 2 F2^ 4d10 (1 S)4/ 4/ 2p° 2/2 108419. 47

12. 96 8/ 2 F2h 4d10 (1 S)8/ 8/ 2p° 2 y 129419. 88

267. 22

4/ 2 Flw 3/2 108432. 43 8/ 2 F|H 3y 129686. 60

4d8 5s(2 D)5p 5p' 4p° 4y2 8g 2 G 4d10 ( 1 S) 8g 8g 2 G 3 y }l29502. 43 z *F|^ sy2 109736. 82 -431. 29

-2617. 08 4y2 2 4 F2h z 4 Ffo 2y2 iy2 110168. 11 112785. 19 lOd 2 Dji^

lOd 2 D2H 4d10 (1 S) lOd 10d 2 D 1 y

2/2 129708. 50

129718. 66 10. 16 6d 2 Du^ 4d10 (1 S) 6d 6d 2 D iy2 110174. 10

73. 50 6d 2 D2H 2y2 110247. 60 11P 2 P°*

llp 2 Pi*

4d10 (1 S)llp lip 2 po 0y

iy

129956. 8

130216. 6

260. 3 7V 2 P°* 4d10 (1 S)7p 7p 2po 0x 112361. 06

129. 33 7P 2 Pl* iy 112490. 39 12s 2Sh 4d10 (1 S)12s 12s 2 S 0y 130835. 86 z 4 D§k 4d8 5s(3 D)5p 5p' <D° 3 y 114793. 911 1 ^8 8Q 9/ 2 F2* 4d10 (1 S)9/ 9/ 2p° 2% 180878. 61

47. 21 z 4 DS* 2y 114952. SO 1972 41 9/ 2 F§>* 3y 180925. 82 z 4 D?h z 4 D°^ 1 y

oy2 116225. 71 117988. 79 -1763. 08 9g 2 G 4d10 ( 1 S)9<7 90 2 G 3 %

4/2 |l30946. 09 2 2 F2h 4d8 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 2p° 2y 116958. 70 2419. 49 z 2 Ffo sy2 119878. 19 lid 2 Dij^

lid 2 D2>$ 4d10 ( 1 S)lld lid 2 D 1 y2y2 131092. 90131100. 14

7. 24

8s 2 Sh 4d10 (1 S)8s 8s 2 S 0y 118040. 65

12p 2 Poh 4d10 (1 S)12p 12p 2 p° 0y 181261. 1 113. 6

5/ 2 F5h 4d10 ( 1 S)5/ 5/ jpo 3 y 118444. 36 -101. 41 12p 2 P!h iy 131874. 7

5/ 2 F5H 2y2 118545. 77

13s 2 Sh 4d10 (1 S) 13s 13s 2 S 0y 131899. 07

4di°OS)50 50 2 G 3 y }ll8769. 95 4% 10/ 2 Fi

h

10/ 2 FaH

4d10 ( x S) 10/ 10/ 2 po 3H2y

131953. 72?

181961. 87? -8. 15 z 2 PJx 4d8 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 2 po 1 y 119056. 11 -237. 88 2 2 P°* 0y 119293. 99

10? 2 G 4d10 ( 1 S) 100 100 2 G 3 y4y

}l3l978. 47

7d 2 Dj^ 4d10 (1 S)7d 7d 2 D iy 119522. 72

39. 27 7d 2 D2}$ 2y2 119561. 99 12d 2 Dji^

I2d 2 D2^

4d10 ( 1 S) 12d 12d 2 D 1 y

2/2 132086. 77

132092. 18

5. 41 Z 2 Dj* 4d8 5s(3 D)5p 5p' 2D° 1 y 120185. 22

1146. 42 z 2 D& 2/2 121281. 64

13p 2 Pix

4d10 (1 S)13p 13p 2 po oy2 1/2 132280. 41 8p 2 P°* 4d10 ( 1 S) 8p 8p 2 po 0y 120618. 46 92. 72 8p 2 PJh 1 y 120711. 18

11/ 2 F§h

4d10 ( 1 S)ll/ 11/ 2p° 2%3y 182707. 91?

9s 2S* 4d10 (1 S)9s 9s 2 S 0y 123751. 48

6/ 2 Fl*

6/ 2 FS*

4d10 ( 1 S)6/ 6/ ip° 3y

2y

123972. 10

123988. 89 -16. 29

110 2 G 4d1°(1S)ll0 110 2 G 3y

4/2 |l32742. 26

13d 2 Dij$ 4d18 ( 1 S)13d 13d 2 D 1 y 132824. 25

4. 04

60 2 G 4d1 °(1 S)60 60 2 G 3y4y

}l24151. 26 13d 2 D2M 234 132828. 29

4d10 ( 1 S)14d 14d 2 D 1/2 8d 2 D^ 4d10 ( 1 S)8d 8d 2 D 1 y 124613. 30

23. 20 14d 2 D2>< 2y2 133389. 76

8d 3 D2j$ 2y 124636. 50

9p 2 P°* 4d10 ( 1 S)9p 9p 2 p° 0 y 125223. 06

31. 43 9p 2 Pi* iy 125254- 49 Cd mpSo) Limit

— 136374. 74

March 1953.
60

Cd ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is* 2s3 2p« 3s3 3p« 3d10 4s3 4p«+

Observed Terms

4d» 5s3

4d10

(

1 S) nx

4d* 5s(*D)nx'

4dfi SsOD)*!!7 '

5s3 2 D

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (n>5) w/ (n>4) ng (n > 5) 5- 13s 3S

{

5— I3p 3P°

5p' 4P° 5

p' 4 D° 5p' 4F°

5

p' 3 P° 5p' 3 D° 5p' 3 F°

5p" 2P° 5p" 2 F°

5— 14d 2 D 4— 11/ 2 F° b—\\g 3 G

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ag i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Cd in

(Pd i sequence; 46 electrons) Z—48

Ground state Is2 2s2 2pfl 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 410 xSo

4d10 X S0 302300 K I. P. 37.47 volts

i The analysis is by Shenstone and Pittenger, who have extended the early work by Gibbs and

White and by McLennan, McLay, and Crawford, as well as that by Mazumder. The number

of classified lines now totals 138; and the observations extend from 677 A to 3035 A. Intersystem combinations connecting the singlet and triplet systems of terms, have been observed.

Mack has noted that the sequence Pd i—Sn v shows a gradual transition from LS- to

jj -coupling for levels from the d

9 s and d9 p configurations. In Cd hi Shenstone indicates the

J-value of the limit for levels from the d

9 s and d9 d configurations, as is done in JZ-coupling.

In the text for Pd i the writer has included a table giving the JZ-coupling notation for the related

pairs of levels in the form of notation suggested by Racah.

The limit from the 4d9 ns series (n= 5, 6) is 304690. From the s-electron series in Cd i and Cd n Shenstone predicted “a reasonable value for the Ritz correction in the Cd hi series,”

and thus obtained a more reliable determination of the limit than that derived from a Rydberg

series of only two members. The quoted value is from Catal&n and Rico who have derived it by comparison of the third spectra from Y to In. REFERENCES

J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 34, 17 (1929). A. Q. Shenstone and J. T. Pittenger, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 221 (1949). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957). (I P)
61

Cd in Cd III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10 4d10 2 S 0 0. 0 4d9 (

2 D2*)5d 5d 3 S 1 202966. 1 4d9

(

2 D2*)5s

ft 4d9

(2 DlH)5s

5s *D 32

1

80454. 3

82354. 6 86219. 5 -1900. 3 -3864. 9

4d»(2 D2H)6s

ft 4d9 (

2 DlH)6s

6s 3 D 32

1

204421. 1 204908. 1 210220. 5 -487. 0 -5312. 4

4dfl (2 DiH)5s 5s iD 2 88871. 8 4d

9 (*D2H)5d 5d *G 54

205119. 4? 205296. 7 -177. 3

-5540. 8 4d9 (

2 D)5p 5p

jpo 2 188813. 8

4941 1 4d9 (

2 Dlh)5d 3 210837. 5

10188751 4 142110. 8 -3356. 4 4da (

2D2x)5d 5d »P 2

1 205407. 0 4d9

(

2 D)5p 5p

ipo 4 189031. 2 2816 9 0

3

2 136214- S142754. 8 — 6540! 5 4d9 (2D2 u) 5d

ft 5d 3 D 32

206087. 7 206804. 3 -716. 6 -5245. 5 4d9

(

2 D)5p 5p *D° 3 142892. 8 2463 4 4d9 (

2Djx)5d 1 212049. 8 2

1 140429. 4

147624- 8 -7195. 4 4d9 (

2D2%)5d 5d *F 4

3 206967. 8 206610. 3

357. 5 -5314. 5

4<29 (

2 D)5p 5p

jpo

1 146075. 1 4d9 (

2DlH)5d 2 211924. 8 4d9

(2 D)5p 5p ipo 3 146090. 6 4d9 (

2D^)5d 5d 2 P 1 210147. 1 4d9

(2 D)5p 5p ID 0 2 148461. 8 4d9 (

2 D1%) 6s 6s »D 2 210588. 0

4<f8 5s2 5s2 3F 4 179022. 4 -5071. 9 - 1704. 2

4d9 (

2 DlH)5d 5d »G 4 211518. 5 3

2

184094. 3

185798. 5 4d9 (

2D^)5d 5d »D 2 212625. 0 4d8 5s2 5s2 3 P 2

1 191762. 3

196123. 7 -4361. 4 -134. 5

4d9 (

2 DlH)5d 5d iF 3 212708. 2 0 196258. 2 4d8 5s2 5s2 iS 0 213107. 7 4d8 5s2 5s2 »D 2 198431. 0 4d8 5s2 5s2 »G 4 200932. 8 Cd iv(2 D2 >$) Limit 302300

February 1957. Cd in Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 +

4d10

4d* 5s2

4d9

(2 D)na;

Observed Terms

4<210

/ 5s2 3 P 5s2 *F

\5s2 >S 5s2 iD 5s2 J G

ns (n >5

)

np (n> 5)

/ 5,6s 3 D 5p 3 P° 5p 3 D° 5p 3 F°

\ 5,6s iD 5p iP 0 5p >D° 5p

1 F°

nd (n> 5)

4d9

(2 D)nx 5d *S 5d 3 P 5d

3 D 5d 3 F 5d 3 G

5d ip 5d »D 5d »F 5d l G

•For predicted terms in the spectra of the Pd i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. iii, Introduction;
62

Cd IV

(Rh i sequence; 45 electrons) Z=48

Ground state Is2 2s2 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d

9 2D2^

4d

9 2D2x K I. P. volts

The analysis is from Green, who has classified 185 lines between 489.49 A and 1929.70 A.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms. No

series are known in Cd iv.

REFERENCE

M. Green, Phys. Rev. 60, 117 (1941). (T) (C L)

Cd iv Cd iv

Config. Desig. Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d

9 4d9 2D 2X 0 -5812 4d8 (

3P)5p 5p' 4 P° oy2 189404 1007

ix 5812 1 / 190411 283

4 X

2/ 190694

4d8 (

3 F)5s 5s 4 F 108704 -3030

3024 3 X 111734 4<28

(

1 D) 5p 5p" 2 F° 2y2 191953 2414

2X

1/2 114758

116125 -1367 3 y2 194367

4d8 0D)5p 5p" 2 P° 0y2 194212 1330 4d8

(

3 F)5s 5s 2jr 3X

2/

118333

120557 -2224 1/2 195542

4d8

(

1 D)5p 5p" 2 D° 2/ 196255 -230

4d8 (

1 G)5s 5s'" 2G 4/

3/

133860

134010 -150 ix 196485?

4d8

(

3 P)5p 5p

f 4 D° oy2 196370 1850

118

-830

4d8

(3 F)5p 5p

4 D° 3/ 172387 dfiaz 1 X 198220

2X • IX

177252

180868 -3616

-1996

2/

3x. 198338

197508

oy2 5X

182864

4d8

(

1 G)5p 5p"' 2H° 4 y2 196560 4733 4d8

(3 F) 5p 5p

4 G° 179173 3854

-4056 - 1437

5y2 201293

4/

3/

175319

179375 4d8

(

3 P)5p 5p' 2 D° 2/ 199525 -1218 2/ 180812 1/2 200743

4d8

(

3 F)5p 5p 4JT° 4/ 181672 1301 4d8

(3P)5p 5p' 2P° 1 X 201967 -4435 3/ 182973 0/2 206402

2/ 186307 4131 1/ 182176 4d8

(3P)5p 5p' 2S° oy2 202655

4d8

(

3 F)5p 5p 2D° 2X 184301 -2912 4d8 0G)5p 5p'" 2 F° 3/ 202836 -1360

I /2 187213 2x 204196

4d8

(3 F)5p 5p 2G° 4/ 185366 -2781 4d8

(

3 P)5p 5p' 4S° 1 / 204294

3X 188147

4d8 (3F)5p 5p

2jr° 3X 187168 -1128 2/ 188296

February 1956.
63

Cd iv Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is* 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p«

3d10 4s2 4p«+

Observed Terms

4d» 4d» 2 D

ns (n> 5) np (n>5)

4d8

(

3F)nz / 5s 4F

\ 5s 2 F

5p

4 D°

5p 2 D°

5p 4 F°

5p 2 F°

5p 4 G°

5p 2 G°

4c£8

(

3 P)n:c' 5

p' <S° 5

p' 2 S°

5

p' 4 P°

5p' 2 P°

5

p' 4 D°

5p' 2 D°

4d8 0D)nx" 5p" 2 P° 5p" 2 D° 5p" 2 F°

4d8 (iG)nx'" 5s'" 2 G 5p'" 2 F° 5p"' 2 H°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Rh i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Cd xx

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z=48

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s

2So^

4s 2S(^ K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed the doublets due to the

transitions 4s-5p, 4p-5d, 4d-5/, and 4p-5s, from Pd xvm to In xxi. In figure 3 of his paper on the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum

spark spectra of Cd observed from 40 A to 80 A.

By analogy with Cu i the writer has assumed the ground state indicated above.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Fhysica 13, No. 9, 549 (1947).

March 1953. Cd xxn

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=48

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3

p

6 3d° 2D2^

3d9 2D2^ K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed two lines due to the transition 3^>

6 3d

9 2 D—Sp5 3d

10 2P°, in the region between 40 A and 80 A. In figure 4 of his paper on the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic

number for this combination in the Co i-like spectra Pd xx to Sn xxiv. For Cd xxn the

wave numbers are between 1600000 K. and 2000000 K.

REFERENCE

B. Edleu, Physica 13, No. 9, 518 (1947).

March 1953.
INDIUM

Ini

49 electrons Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s

2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5

p

2Po.^

5p

2P°^ 46669.93 K I. P. 5.785 volts

Approximately 145 In i lines in the interval 1169 A to 12912 A have been classified. The

most extensive term list is given in Paschen’s 1938 paper, which includes the 5p2 4P term,

reported by Sawyer and Lang and by Lansing, evaluated from measurements of hyperfinestructure components.

Paschen’s level called “A”, which he designates as part of the 6s' 4P term, has been included

in the table with the writer’s tentative assignment of J=2^-

Edlen has pointed out that the term for which Paschen (1938) suggested the designation

5s 5p2 2D “must be 4/ 2F°, as it was originally identified in earlier papers”.

The terms 5/ 2F° and 6/ 2F° have been added from infrared observations by Meggers and

Murphy in the interval 6847 A to 12912 A. Their paper contains an excellent summary of

the work on this spectrum. The term 5p2 2P has been published by Garton and also by Clearman; and the terms 5p

2 2S, 6p' 2S are given in Garton’s 1950 paper. The writer has received

from Garton in advance of publication his manuscript giving revised values of these terms, and

also the series terms np' 2S (n= 7, 8), ns 2S (n=16 to 24), and nd 2D (

72,= 16 to 30). He has

observed the new series members in absorption, and from the 2S series derives the limit 46670.5

± 0.7 K.

Brackets in the table denote estimated values extrapolated from the series. Paschen’s

value of the limit, based on well-observed series, is quoted in the table. He derived it from

an empirical formula of the Hicks type.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the quartet terms with the doublets.

REFERENCES

R. A. Sawyer and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 34, 719 (1929). (T.) (C L)

W. D. Lansing, Phys. Rev. 34, 598 (1929). (C L)

J. Okubo and S. Sato, Reports Tohoku Imp. Univ. (Sendai) [1] Prof. K. Honda Anniversary Yol. p. 8 (1936).

(Z E) (Ms)

F. Paschen, Ann. der Phys. [5] 32, 148 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) W. R. S. Garton, Nature 166, 150, 1950; Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 64, 509 (1951). (T) (C L)

H. E. Clearman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 374 (1952). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and R. J. Murphy, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 48, 334, RP 2320 (1952). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) W. R. S. Garton, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 67, 864 (1954). (I P) (T) (C L) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs) B. Edlen, letter (February 1958). (T)
65

In I In I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2

(

1 S)5p 5p *P° 0% 0. 00 2212. 56 5s2 OS) lid lid *D 1/ 45211. 51

9. 57

1 % 2212. 56 2/ 45221. 08

5s3 OS) 6s 6s 2 S 0/ 24372. 87 5s2 OS) 9/ 9/ 2 F° 3/ 45308. 81 - 0. 08 2/ 45808. 89

5s*0S)6p 6p *P° o/2 61

298. 18

5s2 OS) 13s 13s 2 1/2 821 14. 79 S O /2 45394. 13

5s

2 OS) 5d 5d *D 1/2 32892. 12

23. 30 5s2 0S)12d 12d *D 1/ 45493. 98

8. 06 2/ 32915. 42 2/ 45502. 04

5s 5p* 5p* 4 P 0/ 34977. 66 1043 14 5s2 OS) 10/ 10/ 2 F° 3/ 45568. 89 -0. 15

1/2 2/

36020. 80

37451. 90 1431. 10 2/ 45564. 04

5s2 OS) 14s 14s 2 S O /2 45630. 44

5s2 0S)7s 7s 2 S 0/ 36301. 69

5sJ 0S)7p 7p *P° 0/2 88861. 85

111. 49 5s2 OS) 13d 13d 2 D 1/ 45702. 08

6. 94

1 / 88972. 84 2/ 45709. 02

5s2 OS) 6d 6d *D 1/2 39048. 48

49. 89 5s2 OS) 11/ 11/ *F° 2/ 45756. 50 0. 06 2/ 39098. 37 3/ 45756. 56

5s2 OS) 4/ 4/ *F° 2/2 3/

89707. 29

89707. 96 0. 67 5-s2 0S)15s 15s 2S 0/ 45806. 88

5s*0S)14d 14d *D I /2 45859. 30

6. 02 58*08)83 8s *S O/2 40636. 71 2/ 45865. 32

5s2 OS) 8p 8p *P° 0/ 41827. 10

54. 34 5s3 OS) 12/ 12/ 2 F° 2/

1/ 41 881. 44 3/ 45902. 92

5s2 0S)7d 7d *D I /2 2/

41836. 23

41861. 57

25. 34 5s2 OS) 16s 16s *S 0/ 45941. 9 5s*0S)15d 15d 2 D 1/ 45982. 2

4. 5 53*08)5/ 5/ *F° 2/, 3/ 42220.

0

2/2 45986. 69

5s2 0S)9s 9s *S 0/ 42718. 55 5s2 OS) 17s 17s 2 S 0/ 46047. 4 5s*0S)8d 8d *D I /2 43335. 63

18. 99 5s*0S)16d 16d 2 D 1/ 46078. 6 2/ 43354. 62 2tf 5s*0S)9p 9p *P° 0/ 43369. 09

30. 44 5s2 OS) 18s 18s 2 S 0/ 46131. 6 1/ 43399. 53

5s2 0S)17d 17d 2 D 1/2 46156. 1 5s* OS) 6/ 6/ *F° 2/2, 3/ 48584. 4 2/

5s* OS) 10s 10s *S OK 43880. 83 5s2 OS) 19s 19s *S O/2 46200. 0

5s*0S)9d 9d

2 D 1/2 44234. 26

15. 11

5s2 0S)18d 18d 2 D I /2 46219. 9 2/ 44249. 37 2/

5s2 OS) lOp lOp *P° 0/ 44275. 17

18. 96

5s2 OS) 20s 20s 2 S 0/ 46255. 6

I /2 44294. 13

5s2 OS) 19d 19d *D 1/

2/

46272. 3

5s* OS) 7/ 7/ *F° 2/ 44406. 20

3/ 0. 06 44406. 26 5s2 0S)21s 21s 2 S O/2 46302. 1

5s2 OS) 11s 11s *S 0/ 44595. 86 5s2 OS) 20d 20d *D 1/

2^

46316. 0

5s*OS)10d lOd *D I /2 44815. 06

11. 96 2/ 44827. 02 5s* OS) 22s 22s 2S 0/ 46342. 2

5s* OS) Up lip *P° O/2 [44858. 23]

[12. 56] 5s2 OS) 2 Id 21d *D 1/ 46352. 7 1/ 44865. 79 2^

5«*0S)8/ 8/ *F° 3/ 44988. 70 -0. 01 5s2 OS) 23s 23s *S 0/ 46374. 9 2/ 44988. 71 5s*0S)22d 22d *D 1/ 46384. 3

5s* OS) 12s 12s *S 0H 45067. 19 2/
66

In I—Continued In I—Continued

Config. Dcsig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s* (‘S) 24s 24 s *S OA 46402. 6 5s2 (‘S)30d 30d 2 D lA

Ol/ 46525. 5

5s* (*S) 23d 23d *D lA 46410. 6 2A

5s*('S)24d 24d »D lA 46434. 5 In ii('So) Limit 46669.93

2 A

5s 5p* 5

p

2 2S 0A 59118

5s*0S)25d 25d *D 1 A 46455. 2 2A 5s 5

p

2 5p2 2 P 0A 59657 not: lA 60652

5s*0S)26d 26d

2 D lA 46472. 5 2A 5s 5p(3 P°)6s 6s' <P° 0A

lA

5s*(»S)27d 27d 2 D 1A 46488. 1 2A 68821. 7 2A

5s 5p(3P°)6p 6p' 2 S OA 77997

5s*( 1 S)28d 28d 2 D 1H 46501. 7 2A 5d 5p(3 P°)7p 7

p' 2 S 0A 84651

5s*( 1 S)29d 29d *D lA 46514. 2 5s 5p(3 P°)8p 8p' 2 S OA 87700

2A

February 1958.

In i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is* 2s* 2

p

9 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s* 4 p

6 4^104. Observed Terms

5s*(‘S)5p

5s 5p*

5p 2 P°

J 5p* «P

\ 5p* 2 S 5p* *P

ns (n> 6) np (n > 6) nd (n>5) nf (n>4)

5s2 (‘S)?^ &-24s *S 6-llp *P° 5-30d 2 D 4-12/ 2 F°

5s 5p(s P°)n.T' | 6s' <P°

6-8p' *S For predicted terms in the spectra of the In I isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
(Cd i sequence; 48 electrons) Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Sp6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 5s2 X S0

5s2 ‘So 152195 K I. P. 18.86 volts

The analysis is from Paschen and Campbell, who have revised and extended the earlier

work by Lang and Sawyer, and by others. Approximately 570 lines are classified between

680 A and 9246 A. Many lines exhibit conspicuous hyperfine structure which Paschen and

Campbell discuss in detail along with their analysis of the fine structure. Each member of

the G-series consists of one pair of double levels called n

+G6t4 and prG4(3 in the paper on analysis.

In the table the writer has labeled the n

+G5i4 pair as 1,3 G6i4 and the n “G4>3 pair as 3 G4 , 3 in

accordance with the suggestion of Trees. By analogy, the +H and “H series are handled similarly in the table. There is evidently a mixing of J-values among the four levels of each series

member.

Paschen and Campbell list absolute term values based on the H-series as derived by means

of a Rydberg formula without a Ritz correction. Their limit, quoted above, is 18 K lower

than the earlier value, by Lang and Sawyer.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

R. J. Lang and R. A. Sawyer, Zeit. Phys. 71, 453 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. Paschen und J. S. Campbell, Ann. der Phys. [5] 31, 29 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) R. E. Trees, unpublished material (August 1953).

In II In II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s3 5s2 iS 0 0 5s(2S)7s 7s 3 S 1 121437. 71

5s (*S) 5p 5p 3 P° 0 42275 1074

2478

5s(2 S)7s 7s iS 0 123368. 04

12 43349

45827 5s(2S)4/ 4/ 3p° 2 123637. 85 5 19

3 123643. 04 16! 68

5s(*S)5p 5p >P° 1 63033. 81 4 123659. 72

5s(*S)6s 6s 3S 1 93919. 03 5s(2S)4/ 4/ ip° 3 123694. 07

5s(*S)6s 6s J S 0 97025. 36 5s(2 S)6d 6d 3 D 1 124737. 90 33 97

5p* 5

p

2 >D 2 97623. 61 2

3 124771. 87

124825. 30

53! 43

5p* 5p2 sp 0

12

101603. 3 103244. 47

105560. 19

1641. 2

2315. 72

5s(2 S)6d 6d iD 2 126666. 16

5s(2S)7p 7P

3p° 0 126928. 03 62 14

5s(2 S)5d 5d 3 D 1 102083. 63

86. 00

133. 60

1 126990. 17 259. 19

2 102169. 63 2 127249. 36

5s(2S)6p 6p 3 P°

3 102303. 23

5s(2 S)7p 7P

ipo 1 127568. 53

0 107657. 87

179. 30

588. 35

12 107837. 17

108425. 52 5s(2S)8s 8s 3 S 1 133067. 67

5s (

2 S) 6p 6p JP° 1 109775. 39 5s(2S)8s 8s >s 0 133549. 12

5s (

2S) 5d 5d iD 2 113880. 07 5s(2 S)5/ 5f

3po 2 133935. 63 4 00

3 133939. 63

16. 08

5p

2 5

p

2 »S 0 121284. 71 4 133955. 71
68

In n—Continued In II

—Continued

Config. Dcsig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

58 (*8)6/ 5/ ipo 3 188970. 74 5s (*S) Hg % 3 G 3,4 145295. 24 ' 3 3. 57 G 4, 5 145298. 81 5a(a8)5ff 5(7 *G 3,4 134507. 18

3. 83 «*G 4,5 13451 1. 01 5s(*S)8/i 8h 3 H° 4,5 145321. 51

3. 54

5, 6 145825. 05

5s(*S)7d 7d 3 D 1 134721. 07

17. 52

27. 88 2 134739. 19 5s (*S) 10d lOd 3 D 1 145378. 26

4. 73

7. 21 3 134767. 07 2 145382. 99 3 145390. 20

5a(38)7d 7d *D 2 135395. 03

5s(*S)10d lOd *D 2 145494. 76

Ba(a8)8p 8P

8p° 01 189856. 72

137. 8

5s (*8) 1 lp lip 3p° 0 2 186991 r> 19 1 45650. 98

Ba(a8)8p 8p

ipo 1 186092. 10

5s(*S)llp lip ipo 1 145678. 91

5s(*S)9s 9s *s 1 139132. 27

12s 5s(*S)12s 3 S 1 146532. 37

5s(a8)9s 9s '8 0 139382. 53

5s(*S)12s 12s *s 0 146598. 23

5a(a8)6f 0/ 8p° 2 189544- 50 3 33 3 189547. 88 r 14. 58 5s (*8)9/ 0/ 3F° 2 1 46609. 88 -1. 90

12. 38 4 139562. 41 3 146607. 48 4 146619. 81

5s(*S)6/ 0/ ip° 3 189581. 28

5a(a8)6ff 5s (*8)9/ 9/ iF° 3 146688. 49

6(7 3 G 3, 4 139916. 70

3. 74 '• *G 4,5 139920. 44 5s (*8)9(7 9(7 8 G 3,4 146745. 44

3. 60

1.3G 4,5 146749. 04

5a(a8)8d 8d 3 D 1 140077. 42

10. 46

10. 40 2 140087. 88 5s (*S) 9/i 9/i, *H° 4,5 146764. 61

3. 54 3 140104. 34 5,6 146768. 15

Ba(a S)8d 8d »D 2 140403. 60 5s(*S)lld lid 3 D 1 146807. 73

2. 7 2 146810. 4

Ba(aS)9p 9p

apo 0 3 146815. 83 O. 4 1 140729. 75

87. 8 2 140817. 6 5s(*S)lld lid ‘D 2 146885. 43

Bs(a8)9p 9p lpo 1 140840. 18 5s(*S)13s 13s 3 S 1 147629.77

Ba(a8) 108 10s 3 S 1 142703. 52 5s (*S) 10/ 10/ 3F° 2 147677. 75 -2. 12

11. 51 5s (*S) 10s 3 147675. 68

10s 'S 0 142852. 13 4 147687. 14

5s(*S)7/ 7/ 3F° 2 142922. 96

2. 41

12. 97

5s(*S)13s 13s »S 0 147676. 63 3 142925. 87 4 142988. 84 5s (*S) 10/ 10/ iF° 3 147699. 57

6s (*8)7/ 7/ ip° 3 142954. 91 5s (*S) 10(7 10(7 3 G 3,4 147782. 28

3. 53 ,3G 4, 5 147785. 81

Bs(aS) 7(/ 7(7 3 G 3, 4 143178. 79

3. 55 • 3 G 4,5 143182. 34 5s (*S) 10/t 10/?. 3 II° 4,5 147796. 52

3. 54 lOh ‘- SH° 5, 6 147800. 06

5s (*S) 9d 9d *D 1 143293. 63

6. 85

10. 54 2 143300. 48 5s (*S) 1 2d 12d 3 D 1 147828. 63

2. 87

4. 03 3 143311. 02 2 147831. 50 3 147835. 53

5s (*S) 9d 9d *D 2 143479. 10

5s(*S)12d 12d >D 2 147884. 13

5s (*S) lOp lOp sp° 01 148701. 70

34. 1 5s(*S)14s 14s 3 S 1 148436. 04

5s (*S) lOp 2 148785. 8‘t 11/ 3F° 2 148467. 23 -3. 61

11 ^7

5s (*S) 1 1 /

lOp ipo 1 148758. 28 3 148468. 62 4 148475. 19

5s(*8)lls 11s 3 S 1 144985. 21

5s(*S)14s 14s ‘S 0 148470. 73

5s(*S)lls 11s >8 0 145081. 50

5s (*S) 11/ 11/ iF° 3 148486. 65

5s (*8)8/ 8/ 23 145110. 98

145112. 70 1. 72

11. 80

5s (*8)11 (7 11(7 •G

«.3G 3.4

4.5

148549. 25

148552. 80 3. 55 4 145124. 50

5s(*S)8/

5s(*S) 11/t 11

h 3 H° 4,5 148560. 11

3. 54

8/ iF° 3 145189. 62 MH° 5, 6 148568. 65
69

In IIContinued In II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s (2 S)13d 13d 3 D 1 148584. 8

2. 8

3. 3

5s(2 S)15d 15d J D 2 149633. 23

2 148587. 6 3 148590. 9 5s(2 S)17s 17s 3 S 1 149892. 67

5s(2S)13d 13d iD 2 148626. 13 5s(2 S)17s 17s »S 0 [149908. 8]

5s(2 S)15s 15s 3 S 1 149046. 06 5s(2 S)140 140 3 G 3, 4 149945. 47

3 3. 54 G 4, 5 149949. 01

5s(2 S)12

/

12/ apo 2 1^9065. 86 -3. 14

11. 17 3 149062. 72 5s(2 S)14h Uh 3 H° 4, 5 149951. 16

3. 54 4 149078. 89 5, 6 149954. 70

5s(2 S)15s 15s iS 0 149072. 46 5s(2S)16d 16d

3 D 1 149963. 4

3. 3

0. 8

2 149966. 7

5s (

2 S)12/ 12/ iF° 3 149081 04 3 149967. 5

5s(2 S)120 12<7 3 G 3,4 149132. 24

3. 54 5s(2 S)16d 16d »D 2 [149983. 88]

4,5 149135. 78

5s(2S)18s 18s 3 S 1 [150193. 12] 5s(2 S)12h \2h 3 H° 4,5 149140. 90

3. 54

5, 6 149141 44 5s(2 S)17d 17d 3 D 1, 2 150253. 2

0. 8

3 150253. 97

5s(2 S)14d 14d 3 D 1 149160. 5

3. 0

1. 9 2 149163. 5 5s(2 S)17d 17d iD 2 150267. 05

3 149165. 4

5s (2 S) 19s 19s 3 S 1 [150438. 41]

5s(2 S)14d 14d 2 [149192. 0] 5s(2 S)18d 18d 3 D 1 150486. 3

2. 3

5s(2S)16s 16s 3 S 1 149519. 15 2, 3 150488. 6

5s (

2S) 16s 16s 0 149539. 30 5s(2 S)18d 18d ‘D 2 [150499. 27]

5s(2S)13g 130 3 G 3, 4

4, 5 149585. 71

3. 54 5s(2 S)19d 19d 3 D 1 **«G 149589. 25 23 150683. 0

5s(2 S)13/i 13h 3 H° 4, 5 149592. 72

3. 54

5, 6 149596. 26

5s( 149609. 4

2 S)15d 15d 3 D 1

0. 5

2. 8

In iii(2 Soh) Limit 152195

2 149609. 86

3 149612. 7

August 1953.

In ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3 3d10 4s2 4 4d10 +

Observed Terms

5s2 5s2 »S

5p

2 { 5p2 3 S

5

p

2 3 P

5p2 *D

ns (n > 6) np (n> 5) nd (n > 5)

5s(2S)nx / &-17s 3 S

1 6-16s 3 S

5-llp 3 P°

5-llp »P° 5-19d 3 D5-13, 15, 17d»D

nf (n > 4) ng (n > 5) nh (n >6)

5s(2 S)na; / 4-12/ 3 F°

1 4-12/ iF° 5-140 1 *>G S-Uh I 3 H°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Cd i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
70

In III

(Ag i sequence; 47 electrons) Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 5s 2S0^

5s 2 S0H 226100 K I. P. 28.03 volts

The analysis is from Nodwell, who has furnished his tentative results in advance of publication, especially for inclusion here. He has classified 56 lines in the interval 685.31 A to 6197.72 A.

The 5p' 4P° term requires further confirmation.

The limit is from Catalan and Rico, who have derived it by comparison of the third spectra

from Y to In. REFERENCES

R. Nodwell, unpublished material (December 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) [A] 53, 85 (1957). (I P)

In III In ill

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10

(

1 S)5s 5s 2 S 0% 0. 0 4d10

(

1 S)6d 6d 2 D 1 /

2K

170531. 8

170715. 3

183. 5 4d10

(

1 S)5p 5p

2 P° oy 57181. 1 4342. 1 iy2 61523. 2 4d10

(

1 S) 7p 7p

2 P° 0/ 180551. 61

599. 3

1/2 181150. 91 4d9 5s2 5s2 2 D 2y2 iy2 115568. 7

122414. 8

-6846. 1 4d10

(

1 S) 5g 5g2 G 3 y2, 4/ 186522. 0

4d10

(

1 S)6s 6s 2 S oy2 126874. 2 4d10

(

1 S) 8s 8s 2 S 0y2 189369. 6 4d10

(

, S)5d 5d 2 D i H 128452. 8

289. 7 4d10 (

1 S)7d 7d 2 D 1/ 190033. 5

98. 4

2H 128742. 5 2/ 190131. 9 4rfio(iS) 6p 6p

2 P° oy2 144583. 6

1339. 0 4d10

(

1 S) Qg 6g

2 G 3/2, 4/2 198647. 9

1/2 145922. 6

4d10

(

1 S) 9s 9s 2 S oy2 201149. 0? 4d° 5s(3D)5p 5p' 4 P° 2/ 1588281 -8800

-4140 1/2 1676281 4d“(»S)7^ 7g

2 G 3)4, 4y2 205961. 3 oh 171768. 41 4d10 (

1 S)4f 4/ 2 F° 2/

3/2 oy2

161968. 8

161976. 8

8. 0 In ivpSo) Limit 226100

4d10

(

1 S) 7s 7s 2 S 169429. 8

February 1957.
71

In IV

(Pd i sequence; 46 electrons) Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 ‘So

4^° ‘So 439000 K I. P. 54.4 volts

The analysis is by Gibbs and White, who have classified 36 lines between 472.48 A and

1725.91 A. Observed combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

The writer has interpolated the limit quoted here, from the isoelectronic spectra Pd i through Sn v. This gives an ionization potential 3.5 volts less than the one quoted by Kruger

and Shoupp, which in turn is from a Moseley diagram by Gibbs and Whdte.

Crooker and Nodwell have recently observed the spectrum with a vacuum-spark source and will doubtless be able to revise and extend the present analysis.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 31, 776 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P)

A. M. Crooker and R. Nodwell, letter (December 1955).

In IV In IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4di° 4dTM iS 0 0 4d9

(

2D)5p op 3 D° 3 205953 3824

-9521 4d9

(

2 D2*)5s 5s 3 D 3 128785 -2196

-4912

2

1 202129211650 n

4d9

(

2D1>$)5s 2

1 130981135893 4<29

(

2 D)5p 5pJ P° 1 208702

4d»(*D1H)5s 5s *D 2 138764 4d9

(2 D)5p 5p »F° 3 209886

4d9 (

2 D)5p 5p

3 P° 2 194004 6658 4d9

(

2 D)5p 5p1 D° 2 212785

10 200662

205057 -4395

4d9

(

2D)5p 5p3F° 4 201158 115° In v(2 D%) Limit 439000

32 196706

205357 -8651

January 1956.
72

In v

(Rh i sequence; 45 electrons) Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3-s

2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d? 2D2^

4d9 2 D2i^ K I. P. volts

The spectrum is incompletely known. The analysis is from Green, who has classified

43 lines between 368.67 A and 423.16 A. Observed intersystem combinations connect the

doublet and quartet systems of terms. No series have been found.

REFERENCE

M. Green, Phys. Rev. 60, 117 (1941). (T) (C L)

In v In v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4rf9 4d9 2D 2/2 0 -7165 4d8 0D)5p bp" 2f° 2/2 258598 2662

1)4 7165 3/2 261260

4d 8 (

3 F)5p 5p 4D° 3 / 236817 4734 4d8 (

1 D)5p bp" 2p° 0/2 261230 852

2)4 241051 -5091 1/2 262082

1

246142

o/2 4c£ 8

(

1 D)5p bp" 2D° 2/2

1 Vi 262971268556? -585

4rf 8 (

3 F)5p bp <G° 5)4

4)4 4<f 8

(3 P)5p bp' 4D° 3/2 264124 1947

3/2 2/2 266071 163 2/ 245128 1/2 265908

414 0)4

4c? 8

( 3 F)5p bp 4 jr° 3/2 248515 41 7fi 4d8

(

3 P)5p bp' 2D° 1/2 268226 623

2\4 252691 5978 2/ 268849

1/2 246713

4d8

( 3 P)5p bp' 2po

1/2 270197 -5108

4d8

(

3 F)5p bp 2D° 2)4 249644 -3004 0/2 275805

1/2 252648

4d8

(

3 P) 5p bp' 2S° 0/2 270850

4d8

(

3 F)5p bp 2 jr° 3/2 253878

2/2 4d8

(

1 G)5p bp'" 2 p° 3/

2/

271245

272565

-1320

4d8

( 3 F)5p bp 2G° 4/2

3/2 254803

4<i 8

( 3 P)5p bp' <s° VA 273867

4d8

(3 P)5p bp' 4 po

2/2 257129 -165

1/2 257294

0/2

February 1956.
In v Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3pa 3d10 4s2 4p6 +

Observed Terms

4d« 4dB2 D

np (n> 5)

4d8

(

3 F)nx

{

bp 4 D°

bp 2 D°

bp

bp

OO

4<28 (

3 P)nx'

/5p' <S° \5p' 2 S°

bp' 4 P°

bp' 2 P°

bp' 4 D°

bp' 2 D°

4d8

(

1 D)nx" bp" 2p° bp" 2 D° bp" 2JTO 4d8 (

1 G)nx'" bp'" 2 p°

5p 4 G

c 5p 2 G

c

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Rh i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

In xxi

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s3 2p° 3s

2 3p6 3d10 4s 2SW

4s 2Soh K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed the doublets due to the

transitions 4s-5p, 4p-5d, 4d-5j, and 4p-5s, from Pd xvm to In xxi. In figure 3 of his paper on the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum

spark spectra of In observed from 40 A to 80 A.

By analogy with Cu i the writer has assumed the ground state indicated above.

REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Physics 13, No. 9, 549 (1947).

March 1953.

In xxiii

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=49

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

fl 3s2 3p* 3d9 2D»^

3d? 2Dj* K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed two lines due to the transition 3p* 3d9 2D-3p

6 3d10 2P°, in the region between 40 A and 80 A. In figure 4 of his paper on

the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic

number for this combination in the Co i-like spectra Pd xx to Sn xxiv. For In xxiii the

wave numbers are between 1700000 K and 2000000 K.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 548 (1947).

March 1953.
74

TIN

Sn I

50 electrons Z=50

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3_p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p

2 3 P0

5p

2 3P0 59231.8 K I. P. 7.342 volts

In 1940 Meggers published an extensive analysis of Sn i in which he revised the earlier

work by Back, Green and Loring, and others. His observations extend from 2000 A to 13000 A,

and are supplemented by corrected radiometric observations of Randall and Wright between

12788 A and 24738 A. Spectrograms taken by Shenstone cover the short-wave interval

1400 A to 2200 A. Meggers lists 378 lines between 1697.59 A and 24738 A, of which 80 percent

are classified. Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems

of terms.

Garton has observed the Sn i spectrum in absorption from 1300 A to 1800 A. He reports

the discovery of about 50 new atomic lines and states that analysis of this extension of Sn i is in progress.

Barrow and Rowlinson have recently extended the ultraviolet observations of Sn i and

reported a number of series lines above the ionization limit. All but nine levels in the table

higher than 59453 are from their list. Owing to the difficulty of fitting these new series on to the known series, the writer submitted these data to Shenstone with the hope that he might

be able to interpret them. This he has been able to do by means of a new spectrogram in the

Schumann region connecting the separate regions of the spectrum. The present analysis

is from his manuscript, prepared especially for inclusion here. He has made some revisions

to Meggers’ analysis and classified about one hundred additional lines. The limits quoted

in the table are based chiefly on the series by Barrow and Rowlinson, the strongest ones being

nd X P° (n =8 to 19) and nd zP° (n=8 to 27). Meggers derived the limit 59155. OK from the ns

3 P° series {n —6 to 15) and ns X P° series (n =6 to 8), by means of a Ritz formula.

The ground term of Sn n, 5p

2P°, has an interval of 425 lK. As a consequence of this

wide interval, the levels of a given configuration in Sn i having this term as limit, divide themselves into two widely separated groups, the lower of which has as limit 5p 2P°y

2 , and the

higher has the limit 5p

2P°i The J-values of the limit are quoted in the table so that the

related pairs of levels can be distinguished. The J/-coupling notation can be worked out from

the auxiliary table that precedes the references below.

Back, and Green and Loring have observed the Zeeman effect for Sn i lines. Their results are in good agreement. The (/-values in the table are chiefly from Back’s paper. Some

(/-values of Sn i lines, measured as impurity lines by W. F. Meggers, C. C. Kiess, and C. J. Humphreys on spectrograms at the National Bureau of Standards, have been averaged with

those of Back. This applies only to the levels of the 5p

2- and 6s-configurations.

In these Volumes the general format is to arrange the levels by terms. Shenstone emphasizes strongly that in the case of Sn i this is particularly misleading. In compliance with

his urgent request, an exception is being made for Sn i, and the levels are repeated in a Supplementary Table in numerical order over the range in which overlapping occurs.
75

Sn i—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Author Config. Desig. J

ns 3 Po 5p(2 Pg^)ns ns mr 0 nd 3 F2 5p(2PoM)nd nd [1)4]° 2

3 Pf 1

3 Di 1 ns 3 P2 5p(2Pfo)ns ns' [1 y2 ]° 2 nd 3 D2 If nd [2)4]° 2

>P! 1

3 D| 3 np 3 Pi 5p(2 Pom)wP np [oy2\ 1 nd j D2 5p(2 Pfo)n<2 nd' [2

y

2]° 2

3 Po 0 3 F§ 3 np 3 D2 // np [1)4] 2 nd 3 P2

t / nd' [1 y2 y 2

3 Di 1

3 P

c 1 np ! Pi 5p(2 Pix)np np' [0y2 ] 1 nd 3 Po It nd' [0y2]° 0

'So 0

i P! 1 np 3 D3 n np' [2)4] 3 nd 3 Fl n nd' [3)4]° 4

3 p2 2 'F| 3 np 3 Si

// np' [1)4] 1 'D 2 2

REFERENCES

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 30, 574 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L) (ZE)

E. Back, Zeit. Phys. 43, 309 (1927). (T) (C L) (Z E)

H. M. Randall and N. Wright, Phys. Rev. 38, 457 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 34, 153, RP 1275 (1940). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. R. S. Garton, Nature 166, 690 (1950); Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 64, 591 (1951). (T)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) R. F. Barrow and H. C. Rowlinson, unpublished material (Nov. 1953). (T) (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs) A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (June 1956). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sn I Sn I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p2 5p23P 0 0. 0

1691. 8

1735. 9

0/0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6p

iP 1 46603. 4

1 1691. 8 1. 502

2 3427. 7 1. 452 5s2 5p(2 PjH)6p 6p

J S 0 46936. 3?

5s2 5p2 5p2 *D 2 8613. 0 1. 052 5s2 5p (

2 Pfo) 5d 5d iD° 2 472

7

0. 941

5s2 5

p

2 5p2 *S 0 17162. 6 0/0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6p 3 S 1 47805. 7

5s2 5p(2Pg^)6s 6s 3P° 0 346AO. 8

273. 4

3714. 6

0/0

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6p iD 2 48189. 7

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6s

12

84914- 2

38628. 8

1. 380

1. 501 5s2 5p(2 PgH)7s

If 7s 3p° 0

1 48216. 2

48222. 1

5. 9

4193. 6

1. 316

5s2 5p(2 P?H)6s 6s 1 P° 1 39257. 1 1. 121

5s

2 5p(2 Pf^)7s 2 52415. 7

5s 5

p

3 5s2 5p(2 PfH)5d 5<2 3p° 2 48669. 6 -312. 4 -505. 2

1. 406

5

p

3

5

S° 2 39625. 5

// 1 48982. 0 1. 229

If 0 49487. 2

5s2 5p(2 Pon)6p 6p 3 P 0 43430. 0 - 1087. 7 5

s

2 5p( // 2 P|H)5d 5d ip°

1 42342. 3 3 49893. 8 1. 043

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 2 47235. 2

4892. 9

5s2 5p(2 PfH)5d 5d ipo 1 50125. 9 1. 066

5s2 5p(2 PgH)6p

// 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p

6p

3 D 12

3

43368. 5 43238. 7 47006. 8 - 129. 8

3768. 1 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7p

// 5s2 5p(2 P!H)7

p

7P ®P 0

12

51374. 8

50755. 8

55186. 9 -619. 0

4431. 1

5s2 5p(2 Poh)5c?

5s2 5p(2 PfH)5<2 5d 3 F° 2

3

4

43688. 0

47488. 0

3805. 0

0. 865

1. 246

5s2 5p(2 PgH)6d

Ifn

6<2 3D° 123

51475. 1 51010. 5

51754. 9

-464. 6 744 4

0. 863

5s2 5p(2 PgH)5d 5d 3 D° 1 44608. 8 -364. 2

431. 5

0. 635 5s2 5p(2 P§>s)7p 7p 3 D 1 51113. 3

57. 5

3969. 1 2 44144. 6 1. 131 // 2 51170. 8

3 44576. 1 1. 167 5s2 5p(2 PfH)7p 3 55139. 9
76

Sn I—Continued Sn I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p(2 Pfa)6<Z 6d 3 F° 2

4579. 5

5s2 5p (2 Pfo)4/ 3? 56550. 0

5s2 5p(2 P?*)6d 3 55739. 7 4 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)4 3 D

/

1 56632. 9

5s2 5P (

2 Poh)4/ 2? 52249. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo) 7d 7d 1 F°? 3 56839. 4

5s2 5p(2 P5H)4/ 2 52263. 8 11s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 Pon) Us 1 57094. 5

5s2 5p(2 P?H)7p 7p

iS 0 52265. 3 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7

7s *P° 1 52706. 8 9d 3 D° 1 5s2 5p(2 Poh) 9(2 2 57105. 7

8s 3 P° 0 3

5s2 5p(2 Poh)8s 1 53020. 6

4129. 2

5s2 5p(2 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)8s 2 57149. 8 Pfo) 8s 8s »P° 1 57282. 3

5s2 5p(2 P8*)7d Id 3 D° 1 53592. 2

39. 2

194. 6

lOd 3 D° 1 n 2 53631. 4 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)10d 2 57533. 7 n 3 53826. 0 3

5s2 5p(2 P§vi) 7d Id 3 F° 2 54211. 7

4978. 5

12s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 Pfa) 7d 3 59190. 2 5s2 5p(2 P8*)12s 1 57563. 0

4 2

5s2 5p(2 PlH)6rf 6d 3 P° 2 54653. 4 -420. 6 -708. 4

lid 3 D° 1 n 1 55074. 0 5s2 5p(2 P?H)lld 2 57856. 3 n -9. 3 0 55782. 4 n 3 57847. 0?

5s2 5p(2 P5n)8<i 8d 3 D° 1 54712. 8?

418. 1 -300. 4

13s 3 P° 0 n 2 55130. 0? 5s2 5p(2 Pon)13s 1 57899. 0 n 3 54830. 5 2

5s2 5p(2 P8*)5/ 3? 54762. 6 7d 3 P° 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfo) 7d 1 57934. 7

5s2 5p(2 P8*)5/ 2? 54767. 7 0

5s2 5p(2 P8*)5/ 2? 54771. 8 12d 3 D° 1 5s2 5p(2 P5*)12d 2 58100. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7p 7p »P 1 54990. 0 3

9s 3 P° 0 14s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 Po*)98 1 55156. 0

4219. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pfa)14s 1 58143. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pf*)9s 2 59375. 9 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfo) Gd 6d »D° 2 55296. 1 15s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)15s 1 58324. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7p 7p 3 S 1 55373. 8 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfn)7p 7p »D 2 55500. 6 16s 3 P° 0

5p3 3 S° 55687. 4

5s2 5p(2 Pfa) 16s 1 58523. 3

5s 5p3 1 2

5s2 5p(2 P8n)8<i

5s2 5p(2 P!*)8

8rf 3 F° 2

3

4

55803. 2

60450. 0

4646. 8 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)15d 15d 3 D° 12

Q

58595. 0

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6cZ 6<Z 2 P° 1 56244- 0

17s 3 P°

O

0

5s2 5p(2 P!*)6<2 6d l F° 3 56298. 8 5s2 5p(2 P8n) 17s 12

58607. 5

1or 56357. 4 5s2 5p(2 P8n)16rf 16d 3 D° 1 58679. 6

2 1 2

3

10s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 P8*)lOs 1 56389. 2

4209. 6 18s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 PfH)10s 2 60598. 8 5s2 5p(2 P8n)18s 1 58690. 0

5s2 5p(2 Pf*)4/ 2? 56396. 0

2

5s2 5p(2 P!«)4/ 3? 56400. 7

5s2 5p(2Pyi7d 17d 3 D° 12 58747. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pfa)4/ 2 56486. 5

3

5s2 5p(2 Pj*)4/ 1? 56488. 5

5s2 5p(2 P8*)19s

19s 3 P° 0

1 58758. 4

5s 5p3 5

p

3 3 D° 1 56658. 0 -113. 2

636. 8

2

2 56544. 8

3 57181. 6 5s2 5p(2 Pin) 7d 7d >P° 1 58970. 3
77

Sn I—Continued Sn I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s* 5p(2 Pl*)5/ 3? 59046. 6 5s2 5p(2 Pf*)14d 14d 3 P° 1 62651. 8

5s2 5p(2 P?K)14d 14d 1 P° 1 62716. 4 Sn ii (

2 Pom) Limit 59231. 8 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)16s 16s »P° 1 62745. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)9s 9s X P° 1 59453. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)15d 15d >D° 2 62774. 6

5s2 5p(2Pfo)8d 8d 3 P° 1 60051. 4 5

s

2 5p(2 PfH)15d 15d 3 P° 1 62776. 2

5s2 5p(2 P!x) 8d 8d »P° 1 60397. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)15d 15d iP° 1 62827. 5

5s2 5p(2 Pfc)9d 9d 3 P° 1 60948. 4 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)17s 17s 1 P° 1 62852. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)9d 9d »P° 1 61312. 2 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)16d 16d 'D° 2 62871. 2

5s2 5p(2Pt^)9d 9d 3 F° 3 61247. 5 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)16d 16d 3 P° 1 62878. 1

5s2 5p(2 Ptx) lOd lOd >D° 2 61534. 2 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)16d 16d iP0

1 62919. 6

5s2 5p(2Pfe) lOd lOd 3 P° 1 61556. 3 5s2 5p(2 P!H)17d 17d >D° 2 62954. 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)10d lOd iP0 1 61744 8 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)17d 17d 3 P° 1 62956. 4

5s2 5p(2P°1H)10d lOd 3 F° 3 61768. 0 5s2 5p(2 PfH)17d 17d 'P° 1 62992. 5

5s

2 5p(2 Pfe) 12s 12s 1 P° 1 61859. 5 5s2 5p(2 PfH)18d 18d »D° 2 63018. 1

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)lld lid iD° 2 61963. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo) 18d 18d 3 P° 1 63025. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)lld lid 3 P° 1 61973. 2 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)18d 18d JP° 1 63051. 3

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)lld lid »P° 1 62110. 6 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)19d 19d ‘D° 2 63072. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)lld lid 3 F° 3 62127 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)19d 19d 3 P° 1 63080. 3

5s2 5p(2 P!*)13s 13s l P° 1 62191. 5 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)19d 19d JP° 1 63104. 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)12d 12d 1 D° 2 62263. 9 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)20d 20d 3 P° 1 63122. 5

5s2 5p(2 Pf*)12d 12d 3 P° 1 62267. 3 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)21d 21d 3 P° 1 63160. 4

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)12d 12d »P° 1 62373. 3 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)22d 22d 3 P° 1 63191. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)12d 12d 3 F° 3 62385 5s2 5p(2Pfo)23d 23d 3 P° 1 63220. 7

5s2 5p(2 PtH)14s 14s »P° 1 62431. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)24d 24d 3 P° 1 63244- 8

5s2 5p(2 PfM)13d 13d !D0 2 62483. 1 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)25d 25d 3 P° 1 63267. 9

5s2 5p(2 P?*)13d 13d 3 P° 1 62484. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)26d 26d 3 P° 1 63283. 5

5

s

2 5p (2 PJh) 13d 13d *P° 1 62564. 5 5s2 5p(2 Pi*)27d 27d 3 P° 1 63297. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)15s 15s 1 P° 1 62609. 4

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)14d 14d *D° 2 62647. 8 Sn ii (

2 Pfo) Limit — 63483. 2

July 1956.
78

Sn i—

upplementary Table

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

5s2 5p

2 5p2 3 P 0 0. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfa)5d 6d 3 F° 2 51160. 2 n

5J9

2 3 P 1 1691. 8 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7p Ip 3 D 2 51170. 8

it 5p2 3 p 2 3427. 7

It 7p

3 P 0 51374. 8

it 5p2 J D 2 8613. 0 5s2 5p(2 P°0^)6d 6d 3 D° 1 51475. 1 n

5p2 J S 0 17162. 6 5s2 5p(2 P5H)6d 6d 3 D° 3 51754. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pon)6s 6s 3 P° 0 34640. 8 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)4/ 2? 52249. 0

It 6s 3P° 1 34914- 2

It 2 52263. 8

5s2 5p(2 P!H)6« 6s 3 P° 2 38628. 8 5s2 5p(2 Pfo) 7p 7p iS 0 52265. 3

It 6s 1 P° 1 39257. 1 5s2 5p(2 PlH)7s 7s 3 P° 2 52415. 7

5s 5p3 5p3

S° 2 39625. 5

! ! 7s iP° 1 52706. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pon)6?> 6p

3 P 1 42342. 3 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)8s 00 Co 30 1 53020. 6

It 6p

3 D 2 43238. 7 5s2 5p{2 P°m)7d 7d 3 D° 1 53592. 2

It 6p 3 D 1 43368. 5

It 7d 3 D° 2 53631. 4

// 6p 3 P 0 43430. 0

It 7d 3 D° 3 53826. 0

5s2 5p(2 Pg^)5d 5d 3 F° 2 43683. 0

It 7d 3 F° 2 54211. 7

It 5d 3 D° 2 44144. 6 5s2 5p(2 PlH)5d 6c2 3 P° 2 54653. 4 a 5d 3 D° 1 44508. 8 5s2 5p(2 Pg^) 8d 8d 3 D°? 1 54712. 8

// 5d 3 D° 3 44576. 1 5s2 5p(2 P^)5f 3? 54762. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6p

lP 1 46603. 4

It 2? 54767. 7

// 6p iS 0 46936. 3? It 2? 54771. 8

It 6p

3 D 3 47006. 8 5s2 5p{2 P^8d 8(2 3 D° 3 54830. 5

5s2 5p(2 Plyi)5d 5d 1 D° 2 47145. 7 5s2 5p{2 P\y^7p 7p

ip 1 54990. 0

5s2 5p(2 P^)6p 6p

3 P 2 47235. 2 5s2 5p(?P\y^5d 6d 3 P° 1 55074. 0

5s2 5p(2 Pf*)5c2 5d 3 F° 3 47488. 0 5s2 5p(2 PgH)8rf 8d 3 D° 2 55130. 97

5s2 5p(2 P^)6p 6p

3 S 1 47805. 7 5s2 5p(2 Pf^)7p 7p

3 D 3 55139. 9

// 6p *D 2 48189. 7 5s2 5p(2 Pg^)9s 9s 3 P° 1 55156. 0

5s2 5p(2 P5H)7s 7s 3 P° 0 48216. 2 5s2 5p(2 P!*)7p 7p

3 P 2 55186. 9

// 7s 3 P° 1 48222. 1 5s2 5p(2 Pij^) 6d 6d iD 0 2 55296. 1

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)5c2 5d 3 P° 2 48669. 6 5s2 5p(2 P[y)7p 7p

3 S 1 55373. 8

It 5d 3 P° 1 48982. 0It 7p !D 2 55500. 6 n 5d 3 P° 0 49487. 2 5s 5p3 5p3 3 S° 1 55687. 4 n 5d 1 F° 3 49893. 8 5s2 5p(2 Plx)6d 6(2 3 F° 3 55739. 7 n

5d !P0 1 50125. 9

It 6(2 3 P° 0 55782. 4

5

2 5p(2 PgM)7p 7p

3 P 1 50755. 8 5s2 5p(2 P°ox)8d 8d 3 F° 2 55803. 2

5s2 5p(2 P°m)§d Qd 3 D° 2 51010. 5 5s2 5p(2 P!x) 6d 6d J P° 1 56244- 0

5s2 5p(2 Pg^)7p 7p

3 D 1 51113. 3

It 6(2 »F° 3 56298. 8
79

Sn i—

S

upplementary Table—

C

ontinued

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

1 or 2 56357. 4 5s2 5p(2 P§*)12d 12d 3 D° 2 58100. 9

5s2 5p(2P3H) 10s 10s 3P° 1 5

s

2 5p(2Po^)14s 14s 3 P° 1 58143. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)4/ 2? 56396. 0 5s2 5p(2P5H)15s 15s 3 P° 1 58324. 3

// 3? 56400. 7 5s2 5p(2 PS«)16s 16s 3 P° 1 58523. 3

// 2 56486. 5 5s2 5p(2 PS^)15d 15d 3D° 1 58595. 0

// 1? 56488. 5 5s2 5p(2P6*)17s 17s 3 P° 1 58607. 5

5s 5p3 5p3 3 D° 2 56544- 8 5s2 5p (

2 Pok) 16d 16d 3 D° 1 58679. 6

5s2 5p(2 Pf*)4/ 3? 56550. 0 5s2 5p(2 Po^)18s 18s 3 P° 1 58690. 0

5s2 5p(2 P!H)4/ 3 D 1 56632. 9 5s2 5p(2 Poh) 17d 17d 3 D° 1 58747. 8

5s 5p3 5p3 3 D° 1 56658. 0 5s2 5p(2 P5*)19s 19s 3 P° 1 58758. 4

5s2 5p(2Pfo)7d 7d J F°? 3 56839. 4 5s2 5p(2 PfK)7d 7d ip° 1 58970. 3

5s2 5p(2 Pon) Us 11s 3 P° 1 57094. 5 5s2 5p(2 Pf*)5/ 3? 59046. 6

5s2 5p(2Pfo)9d 9d 3 D° 2 57105. 7 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7d 7d 3 F° 3 59190. 2

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)8s 8s 3 P° 2 57149. 8

5s 5p3 5

p

3 3 D° 3 57181. 6 Sn ii(2 PS^) Limit 59231. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pi*)8s 8s ip° 1 57282. 3 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)9s 9s 3 P° 2 59375. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pg*)10d lOd 3 D° 2 57533. 7

// 9s T0 1 59453. 0

5s2 5p(2 Po«) 12s 12s 3 P° 1 57563. 0 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)8d 8d 3 P° 1 60051. 4

5s2 5p(2Poh)H^ lid 3 D° 3 57847. 0 ?

// 8d ip° 1 60397. 0

// lid 3 D° 2 57856. 3 n 8d 3 F° 3 60450. 0

5s2 5p(2 Pon)13s 13s 3 P° 1 57899. 0 5s

2 5p(2 Pb*)10s 10s 3 P° 2 60598. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pfo) 7d 7d

3 P° 1 57934. 7

See remaining levels on page 77.

Sn i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3

s

2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 +

5s2 5

p

2

5s 5

3

5p2 J S

5p3 5 S°

5p

3

3

S

°

Observed Terms

5p2 sp

5p

2 J D

5p3 3J)o

5

s

2 5p (

2 P°) nx

5s2 5p(2 P°)nx

{

ns (n> 6)

6-19s 3 P

6-9, 12-17s J P

OO 6, 6, 7p

3 S

Ip !S

np (n> 6)

6, 7p

3 P

6, 7p !P

»d (n>5)

/ 5-27d 3 P° 5-12, 15-17d 3 D° 5-12d 3 F°

\ 5-19d *P° 5, 6, 10-19d 'D° 5-7 Id iF°

6, 7p 3 D

6, 7p *D

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sn i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
80

Sn II

(In i sequence; 49 electrons) Z=50

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 32 3p6 3d10 42 4p

G 4d10 5s2 bp 2Pq H

5i?

2P°h U8017.0 K I. P. 14.628 volts

In 1938 McCormick and Sawyer published an extension and revision of the earlier work

on Sn ii. Shenstone has recently reobserved the spectrum between 600 A and 2500 A,

revised a number of their term values, carried the analysis further, and confirmed the 1938 value

of the limit from a Ritz series calculation. There are approximately 145 classified lines

in the interval 899 A to 7904 A. The doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected

by observed intersystem combinations.

In the table, the energy-level values given to one decimal are from Shenstone, who furnished

them in advance of publication for inclusion here. Previously identified levels not confirmed

by his new observations because of the limited range, are given without a decimal.

Green and Loring observed the Zeeman effect for 8 Sn n lines. The ^/-values in the last

column of the table have been derived by the writer from their observed patterns.

Shenstone comments that “the analysis is far from complete since it requires new observations with the hollow cathode, over the whole range of wavelengths”. This is indicated by the

miscellaneous levels in the table. He notes that those labeled 1°, 2° and 3° have the configuration 5s 5^(3 P°)6s or 5s bp{z Y°)bd.

REFERENCES

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 30, 574 (1927). (C L) (Z E)

W. W. McCormick and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 54, 71 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, 44 (1953). (Summary hfs) W. R. S. Garton, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 67, 864 (1954). (T) (C L) A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (June 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sn II Sn II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 pS)5p 5p

2 P° oy2 i X

0. 0

4251. 4

4251. 4

5s 5p2 5p* 2 S ? oy2 80206. 1

5s 5p

2 5p* <P oy2 46464. 2

1903. 8

2362. 0

5s 5p

2 5p2 2 P ? oy2 da

80455. 3 81718. 0

1262. 7 DA

2A

48368. 0

50730. 0 5s2 pS)7s 7s 2 S oh 86280. 2

5s2 pS) 6s 6s 2 S oy2 56885. 9 5s2

(

1 S)4/ 4/ 2 F° 3H 89286 a

5s 5p

2 ? 2A 89292

5

p

2 2 D DA 58843. 8

619. 6

5s2 pS)5<2?

2A 59463. 4 5s2(

1 S)6d 6d2 D DA

2y2 90242. 1 90353. 5

111.

5d 2 D da 71405. 6

642. 0 2A 72047. 6 5s2 pS)7p 7p

2 P° oy2 91903 363 DA 92266

5s2 pS)6p 6p

2 P° oy2 71494. s

883. 0 DA 72377. 3
81

Sn ii—

C

ontinued Sn H—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval 5s** OS) 8s 8s *S OH 98402. 1 5s2

(

l S)9g 90 *G 3H

4/4 } 112570

5s* OS) 5/ 5/ *F° 3H 99659 A 2H 99663 5s* OS) lid lid *D IH

2H 112597. 8

5s* OS) 7d 7d *D 1H 100284. 6

54. 6

2H 100339. 2

5s2 OS) 100 100 2 G

CO } 113607

5s*0S)8p 8p *P° OH 101196 191 IX 101387 2° (*P°?) iH? 113819. 0

5s* OS) 9s

5s* OS) 6/

5s*(1S)8d

9s *S

6/ *F°

8d *D

OH

3H

2H

i H

104680. 1 105367

105732. 6

5s

2 OS)ll0 110 2 G 3H

4H }

114374

31. 7 2H 105764. 3

5s* OS) 60 6g *G 3H

|

105735 Sn iiiOSo) Limit 118017. 0 4H

f OH

9p *P°

1 5s*0S)9p OH 3°

\ 119980. 91 1H 106368 l IH J 5s* OS) 10s 10s

2S OH 108354. 1

f OH I 3H

4H

4°

j or \ 120063. 8

5s8 OS) 7g 7g

2 G

|

109000 l IH J

5s* OS) 9d

f IH 1 9d 2 D iH 109007. 3

18. 6

5° i or \ 120253. 6 2H 109025. 9 [ 2H J

1 ° 0P°?) oh? 109223. 4? 6 ° pD°?) O- CO rNVW 122491. 6

5s 5p(8 P°)6s 6s' 4 P° OH 109+55. 5

1322. 7

3467. 5

5s 5p(3 P°)5d 70 (4 p° ?) IH? 123156. 9

IX

2H

110778. 2

114245. 7 5s 5p(3 P°)5d 8° (<P°?) 2H? 124246. 41

5s* OS) 11s 11 s *S OH 110695. 2 5s 5p(3 P°)5d 9° (*D°?) iH? 124627. 7

5s* OS) 8^ 8g 2 G

CO

Tft |

111118 5s 5p(3 P°)5d 10° (JD°?) IH? 132168. 0

5s*( 1 S)10d ( iH I 10d *D IH 111128. 8

12. 5

5s 5p(3 P°)5d 11 °

{ or \ 132708. 3

2H 111141. 3 [ 2H J

July 1955.

Sn ii Observed Terms*

Observed Terms

/ 5p2 4 P

\ 5

p

2 2 S 5

p

2 2 P 5p2 2 D

ns (n> 6) np (n>5) nd (n >5)

6-lls 2 S 5-9p 2 P° 5-1 Id 2 D

6s' 4 P°

n/ (n>4) ng (n> 5)

4-6/ 2 F° 6-II0

2 G

Configuration

Is* 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 +

5s 5p2

5s2 (^nx

5s 5p(3 P°)nx'

5s2 (^nx

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the In i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.
82

Sn III (Cd i sequence; 48 electrons) Z=50

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p

6 3s

2 3p* 3<f10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 5s2

5s2 246020.0 K I. P. 30.49 volts

Shenstone has revised and extended the early analysis by Gibbs and Vieweg and others, and

furnished the tabular data in advance of publication. There are now 125 classified lines between

614 A and 3963 A in his line list based on new observations of Sn m. He has derived the

limit from the ns 3S series by means of a Ritz formula. Observed intersystem combinations

connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCE

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (June 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sn III Sn III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5s2 »S 0 0. 0

5s(2 S)6d 6d 3 D 1 187915. 7 80 6

5s(2 S)5p 5p

3 P° 0

12

53548. 0

55196. 4

59228. 6

1648. 4

4032. 2

2

3 187996. 3 188129. 0

132. 7

5s(2 S)6d 6d »D 2 189689. 9

5s(2 S)5p bp ip° 1 79911. 3

bs(2 S)5g 5g 3 G 3 206110. 3

0. 0 5p2 bp2 3 P

4 206110. 3 0 127308. 5 2811 1 5 206133. 3

23. 0

12 130119. 6 134567. 2

4447. 6

5s(2 S) bg bg iG 4 206125. 7 bp2 bp2 J D 2 128204. 7 5s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 207956. 9

5s(2 S)6s 6s 3 S 1 139637. 9 5s (

2 S) 7d 7d 3 D 1 208647. 4

47. 5

80. 1 2 208694. 9

5s(2 S)5d bd 3 D 1 141321. 5

204. 9

311. 7

3 208775. 0

2 141526. 4

3 141838. 1 bp(2 P°)bd 1° 2 208731. 6

5s(2 S)6s 6s iS 0 143590. 8 5s(2 S) 7d 7d 2 D 2 209255. 8?

5s(2 S)5d bd iD 2 154115. 5 bp(2 ~P°)bd 2° 2 or 3 213840. 7?

5s(2S)6p 6p

3 P° 0 159939. 8

275. 6

1223. 0 5p(2 P°)bd 3° 1 215613. 0?

12 160215. 4 161438. 4 bp(2 P°)bd 4° 1 or 2 215856. 4

5s(2 S)6p 6p >P° 1 162725. 1 bp(2 P°)bd bd' 3P° 0

1 216752. 0

867. 4

5s(2 S)4/ 4/

3 F° 2 179306. 8

36. 2

98. 1

2 217619. 4

3 179343. 0

4 179441. 1 5s(2 S)9s 9s 3 S 1 219504. 3?

5s(2 S)4/ 4/ iF° 3 179702. 2

5s(2 S)7s 7s 3 S 1 186688. 3 Sn iv(2 Soh) Limit 246020. 0

5s(2 S)7s 7s iS 0 187399. 5?

July 1955.
(Ag i sequence; 47 electrons) Z=50

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p* 3 s2 3p& 3d10 4s

2 4p6 4c?10 5s 2Sq^

5s 2S0H 328550.0 K I. P. 40.72 volts

The analysis is by Shenstone, who has revised and extended the early work of Lang and

others especially for inclusion here. He has reobserved the spectrum and has a total of 45

classified lines between 595 A and 4216 A. His discovery of the 4

d

9 5s2 2D term is of special

interest.

His value of the limit is based on a Ritz series calculation for the ns 2 S series. REFERENCE

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (June 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sn iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10

(

1S)5s 5s 2 S oy2 0. 0 4d10

(

1 S)5p bp 2 po

ok 69563. 9

6508. 4 IK 76072. 3

4d“pS)5d bd 2 D IK 165304. 7

106. 1 2K 165410. 8

4d» 5s* 5s2 2 D 2K 169233. 6 -8655. 4 IK 177889. 0? 4d10 (

1 S) 6s 6s 2 S OK 174138. 8

4di<»0S)6p 6p

2po OK 197850. 9

2179. 9 IK 200030. 8 4d10

(

1 S)4/ 4/ 2p° 3K 210257. 7 -60. 5 2K 210318. 2 4d10 (

1 S) 6d bd 2 D IK 234795. 7

332. 0 2K 235127. 7

Sn iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10

(

1 S)7s 7s 2 S OK 237615. 7 4d10

(

1 S) bg bg 2 G 4K 258282. 3 -0. 4 3K 258282. 7 4 5s pD)5p bp" 2 F°? 2K

3K 259876. 3 4 5sOD)5p 5p" 2 D°? IK

2K 260398. 5

4d9 5s (

x D)5p bp" 2 P°? OK

IK 263718. 5

Sn vpSo) Limit 328550

July 1955.
84

Sn v

(Pd i sequence; 46 electrons) Z=50

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 l S0

4d10 X S0 583000 K I. P. 72.3 volts

The analysis is by Shenstone, who has revised and extended the earlier work by Gibbs

and White, and others. The new observations extend from 824A to 1535A and include 58

classified lines. Shenstone has determined the limit from the ns-series by means of a Ritz formula with an assumed value of a— 0.312 X 10-6

. Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 14, 345, 559 (1928). (T) (C L) A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (June 1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sn v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

id10 4d10 iS 0 0. 0

4d9

(

2 D)5s 5s 3 D 32

1

182578. 8

185058. 0

191202. 0

-2479. 2 -6144. 0

4d9

(

2 D) 5s 5s »D 2 193229. 8 4d9

(

2 D)5p 5p

3 P° 2 259372. 1 -8623. 9

1 267996. 0

0

4d«(2 D)5p 5p *F° 4 268731. 1 6414. 7 -11018. 6 3

2

262316. 4

273335. 0

4d9 (

2 D)5p 5p

3 D° 3 274376. 8

5280. 8 -12073. 1 2

1 269096. 0281169. 1

4<29

(

2 D)5p 5p !P° 1 276589. 4

Sn y

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d9

(

2 D)5p 5v

1 F° 3 279244. 7 4d9 (

2 D)5p 5p !D0 2 282618. 7

4<29

(2 D)5d 1 2 or 3 374811. 6? 4d9

(2 D)5d 2 1 or 2 379050. 0? 4d9

(2 D)6s 6s 3D 3

2

1

380266. 5 381403. 4

389285. 0

-1136. 9 -7881. 6

4d9 (

2 D)5d 3 3 or 4 381226. 3 4d9

(2 D)5d 4 3 or 4 386584. 7 4^(2 D)6s 6s !D 2 390233. 4?

Sn vi(2 D2h) Limit 583000

July 1955.
85

Sn yi

(Rhi sequence; 45 electrons) Z—50

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d

9 2 D2^

4d

9 2 D2^ K I. P. volts

The spectrum is very incompletely analyzed. The listed terms are from Green, who has

classified 38 lines between 289.21 A and 328.43 A, from a study of the isoelectronic sequence.

Observed combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms. No series have

been found in Sn vi. The spectrum should be reobserved.

REFERENCE

M. Green, Phys. Rev. 60, 117 (1941). (T) (C L)

Sn vi Sn vi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d* 4d

B 2 D 2/2 0 -8715 4d8

(

1 D)5p bp" 2 F° 2>4 331356 2512

1/2 8715 33^ 833868

4d8

(

3 F)bp bp 4 G° 534 4d8 (

1 D)5p bp" 2 P° 034 384183 165

4}i 1/4 884848

3Y2

2/2 815060 4d8 pD)5p bp" 2 D° 234

134 385638

836530

-892

4d8

(

3 F)bp bp 4JTO 4/4 3y2 319857 -5068

7344

4d8

(

3 P)5p bp' 4 D° 3!4 836678 3181 2V2 324925 234 839859 416

1/2 317581 1/2 oy2 889443

4d8

(

3F)bp bp 2 D° 2% 320718

I /2 4d8

(

3 P)5p bp' 2D° 1/4 2>4 341729

342861

1132

4d8

(

3 F)bp bp 2jr° 334 825277 -1435

2>4 826712 4<28

(

3 P)5p bp' 2 P° iy2 0/2 344400

850245

-5845

4d8

(

3 F)bp bp 2 G° 434 334 827322 4d8

(3 P)5p bp' 2 S° 034 344883

4d8

(3P)bp bp' 4 po 234 329181 Qfi7 4<2 8 (

1 G)5p bp'" 2F° 334 345770 -1251

1% 330098 1291 2>4 347021

034 828807

February 1956. Sn vi Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 +

Observed Terms

4d°

4d8

(

3 F)nx

4d8

(3 P)nx'

4d8

(

1 D)nx"

4d8

(

1 G)nx'"

[bp' 2 S

C

4d

B 2 D

np (n> 5)

5p' 4 P

C 5p' 2 P

C

bp 2 D‘

bp' 4 DC bp' 2 D

C

bp

bp

4pc

2JT C

bp" 2 P° bp" 2 DC bp

bp

2 ]7

°

/// 2^0

bp 4 G

C bp 2 G

C

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Rh i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
86

Sn XXII

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z=50

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3 3d10 4s 2S0^

4s 2 S0^ K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed the leading doublets from

the 4s-5p and 4p-5d configurations from Pd xvm to In xxi. In figure 3 of his paper on the

spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum-spark

spectra of these elements from 40 A to 80 A. He states that the doublets have been traced

in this sequence, as far as Sb xxm.

By analogy with Cui the writer has assumed the ground state indicated above.

REFERENCE

B. Edlen, Physica 13, No. 9, 549 (1947).

March 1953.

Sn XXIV

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=5

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d9 2D2^

3d92D2H K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed two lines due to the transition 3p6 3d9 2D-3_p5 3d10 2P°, in the region between 40 A and 80 A. In figure 4 of his paper on

the spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic

number for this combination in the Co i-like spectra Pd xx to Sn xxiv. For Sn xxiv the

wave numbers are between 1800000 K and 2100000 K.

REFERENCE

B. Edlen, Physica 13, No. 9, 548 (1947).

March 1953.
ANTIMONY

Sbl

51 electrons Z=51

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p3 4S°^

5pz 4S 69700 K I. P. 8.639 volts

The analysis is by Meggers and Humphreys, whose line list extends from 1388.91 A to 12466.75 A. They observed the region from 2000 A to 13000 A. For the short-wave region,

1300 A to 2000 A, Shenstone made the spectrograms at Princeton. Of the 466 Sb i lines

recorded, seventy-four percent have been classified. The observed ^-values are from Zeeman

patterns observed by Lowenthal in 1929. The paper by Meggers and Humphreys includes an extensive history and bibliography covering the earlier work on Sb i. Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

“Since it is not possible to assign definite Z-values” to all of the levels, many have been numbered and fisted as miscellaneous. The numbers assigned by the authors are entered in column

one of the table.

The limit is from the ns 4P(n=6-9) and ns 2P(n=6, 7) series, and has been derived by

a Ritz formula.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and C. J. Humphreys, J. Research. Nat. Bur. Std. 28, 463, RP 1464 (1942). (I P) (T) (C L)

(Z E)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs)
88

Sb I Sb I

Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Inter- val Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

1° 5s2 5

p

3 5p

3 *S° 1

0. 0 1. 967 21 2 K 60404. 1 2° 5s2 5p* 5

p

3 2 D° IK 8512. 1 1342. 0

0. 889 22 1/2 60580. 8

3° 2K 9854. 1 1. 205

18° OK 61000. 0

4° 5s2 5p3 5p3 2P° OK 16895. 6

2068. 9

0. 688

5° 1/2 18464. 5 1. 277 24 5s2 5p2 (

3 Pi) 7s 7s 2 P OK 61386. 3 IK

1 5

2 5p2

(

3 P0)6s 6s 4 P OK 43249. 4

2696. 0

2387. 1

2. 332

2 5s2 5p2

(

3 Pi) 6s IK 45945. 4 1. 713 25 2K 61631. 2

4 5s2 5p2 (

3 P2)6s 2K 48332. 5 1. 547

26 i K 61808. 8

3 5s2 5p2 (

3 Pj)6s 6s 2 P OK 46991. 1 2400. 0

1. 004

5 5s2 5p2

(3 P2)6s ik 49391. 1 1. 277 27 2K 62502. 2

6° 1/2 52612. 5 28 5s2 5p2

(

3 P0) 8s 8s 4 P OK 62960. 0

3153. 0

2539 45 5s2 5p2 (

3 P08s IK 66113. 0

6 2K 53443. 3 5s2 5p2 (

3 P2)8s 2K 68652

7 1/2 53528. 3 29 1/2 63193. 3

7° 1/2 54196. 9 31 2K 63649. 6 8 2K 55120. 7 19° 63660. 4

8° 1/ 55184- 4 32 OK 63826. 4

9 2K 55135. 2 20° OK 63900. 8

9° 55168. 3 33 2K 64213. 8

10 5s2 5p2 0D2)6s 6s' 2 D IK 55233. 2

495. 1

0. 991 34 1/2 64221. 4

11 // 2K 55728. 3 1. 277

35 IK 64432. 9

10° 2K 55252. 4

21° 2K 64512. 3

11° i X 55864. 8

36 2K 64514. 2 12° 1/ 55993. 8

37 ok 64769. 5 12 1/2 56152. 1 1. 302

38 OK 64843. 2

13 OK 56699. 0

22° 2K 64878. 9

14 1/ 56733. 4 1. 311

23° 3K 64957. 0

15 57287. 2

24° IK 64984- 4

13° 2K 57410. 3

39 2K 65144. 8

16 5s2 5p2

(

3 P0)7s 7s 4 P OK 57597. 3

3367. 4

2551. 9 23 5s2 5p2

(3 Pi)7s 1/ 60964. 7 40 IK 65243. 0

30 5s2 5p2 (

3 P2)7s 2K 63516. 6 41 OK 65257. 8

14° 1/2 58075. 5

42 IK 65404. 2

17 OK 58132. 9

25° 2K 65460. 8

15° 1/ 58589. 5

26° 3K 65467. 5

16° ok 58652. 9

18 1/ 58746. 6 27° 2K 65479. 6

17° 2K 58885. 3

28° 2K 65568. 6

19 2K 58863. 4 43 5s2 5p2

(

I S0)6s 6s" 2S OK 65653. 2

20 OK 59737. 9 44 66009. 5
89

Sb I—Continued Sb I—Continued

Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Inter- val Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

29° 2/ 66029. 0 55 68045. 8 46 0/2 66354. 0 31° OK 68069. 9 47 2/ 66536. 0 56 IK 68141. 5 48 3K 66743. 7 57

9s 4 P 0K

68349. 0 49 1 K 66828. 6 5s2 5p3

(

3P1 )9s IK 68503 2586 5s2 5p3(sp

a )9s 2K 71089

00 o

0 2/ 66837. 1 58 2K 68991. 0 50 3/ 66967. 3 Sb Il(*Po) Limit 69700

51 1)2 67052. 6 59 ok 69893. 3 52 O/2 67427. 7

5s2 5pz

(

1 D2)7s 7s' 2 D IK

53 67794. 6 60 // 2K 70880. 3 54 IK 67840. 3

February 1955.

Sb i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 +Observed Terms

5s2 5

p

3 J 5

p

3 4 S°

5p

3 2 P° 5p3 2 D°

ns (n> 6)

5

s

2 5p2

(

3 P)n£

{

6-9s 4 P

6,7s 2 P

5s2 5p2

(

1 T>)nx' 6,7s' 2 D

5s2 5p2

(

1 S)nrr" 6s" 2S

* For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sb i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi,

Introduction.

Obs. g
90

Sb II

(Sn i sequence; 50 electrons) Z=51

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3

2 3

p

6 3d10 4

2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5

p

2 3P0

5p2 3 P0 133327. 5 K I. P. 16.5 volts

This spectrum should be observed over the entire range. A complete analysis based on homogeneous observations is needed. The leading multiplets have been found by Lang and

Vestine. Two other papers on analysis, one by Krishnamurty, and one by Murakawa and

Suwa extend the work, but the three term lists are discordant, and it is difficult to interpret

existing • data in such a way as to provide a satisfactory array of energy levels. The writer

has prepared a line list from the wavelengths published by Lang and Vestine (691 A to 7343 A),

and unpublished measurements by W. F. Meggers (1272 A to 8742 A). From this list she

has made a multiplet array of all published levels, and revised all level values, but the lists are not in good agreement and the tolerance between observed and calculated wave numbers

is inexcusably large.

With intensities and intervals as a guide, she has attempted to reallocate the levels whose

published designations appear subject to question, into a term array that compares not too

unfavorably with that of Sn i and with the second spectra of nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic.

Approximately 220 lines are classified. Eleven levels have been rejected as unreal; two

odd levels 684-10.2 (J= 1 or 2), and 70160.9 (J—l or 2) have also been omitted from the

table, but may be real. It should be emphasized that most of the designation assignments

of the higher levels are extremely tentative and require confirmation; in fact, some of the

levels listed may be spurious.

Yamanouchi has made a theoretical study of 10 levels of Sb n from the list by Murakawa

and Suwa. Eight are unchanged in the present list, but for two, namely, the level at 90353.8 K

published as

3 Px and one at 86051.9 K as Tfi, the writer has changed the respective designations to 7p

3Dx and 6p3 Pi. These changes are admittedly tentative.

Lang adopts the limit 150000 K derived from two singlet series of two members each,

6s 1 P°—

np *D and 6s 1 P°—

np *S (n=5, 6). This limit gives an ionization potential of 19 volts.

The extrapolated value by Finkelnburg derived from a study of screening constants, 16.7 ±0.5,

is probably more reliable. The limit quoted above is from the paper by Murakawa and Suwa.

REFERENCES

R. J. Lang and E. H. Vestine, Phys. Rev. 42, 233 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L)

S. G. Krishnamurty, Indian J. Phys. 10, 83 (1936). (T) (C L)

K. Murakawa and S. Suwa, Reports Inst. Sci. Tech. Tokyo Univ. 1, 121 (1947). (I P) (T) (C L) Y. Yamanouchi, Reports Inst. Sci. Tech. Tokyo Univ. 2, 95 (1948). (T)

W. Finkelnburg and F. Stern, Phys. Rev. 77, 303 (1950). (I P)
91

Sb II Sb II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5

p

2 5p2 3 P 0

12

0. 0

3055. 0

5659. 0

3055. 0

2604. 0

5s2 5p(2 P°)6p 6p 3 S

1 or 2

1

92543. 0

93000. 9

5s2 5p2 5p2 J D 2 12789. 8 5s2 5p(2 P°)6p 6p J D 2 93853. 2

5s2 5

p

2 5

p

2 »S 0 23905. 0 5s2 5p(2 P°)6p 6p iS 0 95211. 1

5s 5

p

3 5p3 3 D° 1 66291. 7 9in q

5s2 5p(2 P°)7p 7p !D 2 95464. 1 2

3

66602. 6 67888. 2

1385. 6

5s2 5p(2 P°)7p 7p

iS 0 96910. 9

5s2 5p(2 Po^)6s 6s 3 P° 0 69136. 9

398. 2

5739. 4

5s2 5p(2 Pon) 7s 7s 3 P° 0

// 5s2 5p(2Pfo)6s

1269535. 1 75274- 5

// 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7s

12

97636. 4

104724. 9

7088. 5

5s2 5p(2 P°) 5d 5d

3 D° 1 5s2 5p(2 P°)8p 8p 3 D 1 2 72389. 9 2 105268. 3

3 3

5s2 5p(2P;*)6s 6s JP0

1 75898. 9 5s2 5p(2P°)4/ 4/ 3 F 2 105591. 1 -120. 9

3 105470. 2

5s 5p

3 5p3 3po 2 76692. 1 -447. 3 4

1 77139. 4

0 5s2 5p(2 P°)6d 6d 3 F° 2

o 105915. 2

5s 5p* 5

p

3 >D° 2 78391. 2

o4

1 or 2 82221. 8 5s2 5p(2 P!>*)7s 7s iP° 1 107463. 3

5s2 5p(2 P°) 6p 6p 3 D 12

3

83825. 8

86183. 6 91583. 2

2357. 8

5399. 6

5s2 5p(2 P°)8p 8p J D 2

1 or 2

111266. 3 111579. 6

1 84S16. 9 5s2 5p(2 P°)6d 6d 3 D° 12 111624. 7

5s2 5p(2 P°) 6p 6p 3 P 0 86494. 5 442 6 3

12

86051. 9

91718. 2

5666. 3

5s 5

p

3 5p3 3 S° 1 111671. 1

5s2 5p(2 P°) 6p 6p iP? 1 87831. 0 5s2 5p(2 P5H)8s 8s 3 P° 0

1 112356. 9

1 or 2 89562. 6 2

2 89626. 2 5s2 5p(2 P°)6d 6d 3 P° 0

1 112404. 1 5s2J5p(2 P°) 5d 5d iP° 1 90322. 2 2

5s2 5p(2 P°) 7p 7p

3 D 1 90353. 8

293. 5

5s2 5p(2 P°) 8s 8s J P

0

1 112733. 0

2 90647. 3

3 5s 5p3 5

p

3 »P° 1 113204. 6

1 90608. 4 5s2 5p(2 P°)7d 7d 1 P° 1 128517. 01

5s2 5p(2P°)7p 7p 3 P 0

1 90896. 9

2 Sb iii(2 Po^) Limit 133327. 5

5s2 5p(2 P°)5d 5d 3 P° 0

12

91360. 2

December 1953.
92

Sb III

(Ini sequence; 49 electrons) Z=51

Ground state Is2 2s2 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4pe 4d10 5s2 5p2P

5p 2Pqi^ 204248 K I. P. 25.3 volts

In 1930 Lang published a list of empirical term values of Sb hi, based on an absolute

value of 4/ 2F° =64000 K, arbitrarily chosen by comparison with the run of the terms in the

In i and Sn n spectra. In 1932 he and Vestine investigated the Sb n spectrum and in the course of the work re-examined the Sb hi lines. As a result they rejected 5 of the previously

published Sb hi terms.

In 1947 Murakawa and Suwa revised and extended the earlier analysis, from observations made with a condensed hollow-cathode discharge in a neon atmosphere, as the source. They retained two levels rejected by Lang and Vestine, namely, the 4P levels 54365 K and

57960 K. Nine terms are common to the two lists; and the two levels 92948 K and 93417 K

appear with different designation assignments. The limit and tabular data quoted here are from this later paper.

There are 49 classified lines between 691 A and 6926 A. The spectrum needs further

study.

REFERENCES

R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 35, 445, 1930. (I P) (T) (C L) R. J. Lang and E. H. Vestine, Phys. Rev. 43, 241 (1932). (T)

J. S. Badami, Nature 136, 836 (1935). (hfs) K. Murakawa and S. Suwa, Reports Inst. Sci. Tech. Tokyo Univ. 1, 121 (1947). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sb III Sb III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 0S)5p 5p

2 P° oy2 0 6576 5s2 OS) 6p 6p 2 P° oy2 114720. 5

1668. 0

1/2 6576 1 / 116388. 5

5s 5p2 5p2 4 P 0/2 54365 3595 5s2 OS) 4/ 4/ 2F° 3 / 136213. 6 -56. 0 1/ 57960 6396 2/ 136269. 6

2/ 64356

5s2 OS) 7s 7s 2 S 0/2 143126. 8

5s 5

p

2 5p2 2 D 1/ 76522. 8

1269. 1 2/ 77791. 9 5s2 0S)6d 6d 2 D 1/2 2/

144682. 6 144918. 6

236. 0

5s 5p

2 5p2 2 P 0/ 92948. 9

9004. 6

1/2 101953. 5 5s2 OS) 8s 8s 2 S oy2 163388. 2

5s2

(

! S) 6s 6s 2 S O/2 93417. 8 5s2 OS) 50 5g 2 G 3/2, 4/2 164302. 0

5s2 (

1 S)5d 5d2 D 1/ 98819. 5

1565. 9

5s2 0S)6<7 6g

2 G 3/2 , 4/ 176539. 7

2/2 100385. 4

5s 5p2 5p2 2 S 0/ 100010?

Sb ivOSo) Limit 204248

January 1954.
93

Sb iv

(Cd i sequence; 48 electrons) Z— 51

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4c?10 5s2 ’So

5s2 ’So 356156 K I. P. 44.1 volts

The analysis is seriously incomplete and needs revision from more precise wavelengths.

The terms in the table are from Badami, who extended the ultraviolet work by Gibbs and

Vieweg and by Green and Lang. He suggested that the configurations of the two low ’D

terms as given below be interchanged. This has not been done since 5p2 ’D is lower than

5s(2S)5d ’D in related spectra of the sequence. His complete array of combinations

contains a total of 74 classified fines between 456 A and 3922 A.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

The limit is from Gibbs and Vieweg, who report some second series members and fist absolute term values that fit an extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence.

REFERENCES

J. B. Green and R. J. Lang, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 14, 706 (1928). (C L) R. C. Gibbs and A. M. Vieweg, Phys. Rev. 34, 400 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. S. Badami, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 43, 538 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)

Sb iv Sb iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5s2 iS 0 0 5s(2 S)6p 6p

ip° 1 219028

5s(2S)5p 5p

3 P° 0 64485 2265 5s(2 S)4

/

4/ 3 F° 2 227059

85

160

12 66700

72560 5860 34 227144

227804

5s(2S)5p 5p »P° 1 95952 5s(2 S)4/ 4/ iF° 3 229592

5p2 5p2 ap 0 152076 4312

7136

5s(2S)6d Qd 3 D 1 254683 143

253

12 156388

163524

23254826

255079

5p

2 5p

2 J D 2 155956 5s(2 S)6d 6d 2 255558

5s(2 S)5d 5d 3 D 1 178914 350

356

5s(2S)7s 7s 3 S 1 257771

2 179264

3 179820 5s(2 S)7s 7s iS 0 262912

5s(2S)5d

5s(2S)6s

5s(2S)6p

5d

! D 2 182801

6s 3 S 1 188622 Sb v(2S0H) Limit 356156

6p

3 P° 0 215886 350

2066 12 215786

217802

August 1953.
94

Sb iv Observed Terms*

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p® 4d10 +

Observed Terms

5s2 5s2 iS

5 p

2 | 5

p

2 3 P

5p> *D

ns (ft >6) np (n> 5) nd (n>5) nf (n> 4)

5s (

2 S) nx / 6, 7s 3 S

\ 7s iS

5, 6p

3 P°

5, 6p J P°

5, 6d 3 D

5, 6d *D o

o

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Cd i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Sb V

(Agi sequence; 47 electrons) Z—51

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

0 3d10 4s2 4

p® 4d10 5s 2S0h

5s 2S0^ 449300 K I. P. 56 volts

This spectrum is very incompletely known. The analysis is from Badami, who has

revised the early work of Lang on the basis of observations by Gibbs, Vieweg, and Gartlein,

added 6p 2P°, and rejected Lang’s 5/ 2F° term. There are 12 classified lines in the range

699.22 A to 3362.94 A.

The limit is from Lang, who derived absolute term values “by treating the /-orbits as hydrogenic — and obtaining thus an estimate of the F term value.” His terms fit a Moseley

diagram of the isoelectronic sequence Ag i to Sb v. This limit may be considerably in error. Further observations are needed to extend the series. REFERENCES

R. J. Lang, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 13, 341 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L) R. C. Gibbs, A. M. Vieweg, and C. W. Gartlein, Phys. Rev. 34, 406 (1929).

J. S. Badami, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 43, 541 (1931). (T) (C L)

Sb v Sb V

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10 (

1 S)5s 5s *S oy3 0 4d10 (1 S)6s 6s 2 S 0/ 224653

4d10

(

1 S)5p 5p

2 P° OH 81566 8987 4d10

(

1 S)6p 6p2 P° ov2 25J+380 3199

l H 90553 1H 257579

4d10

(

1 S) 5d 5d 2 D

2/2 201927 1116 203043

Sb vi(>So) Limit 449300

March 1953.
95

Sb VI (Pd i sequence; 46 electrons) Z=51

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3

d

10 4s2 4

p

6 4

d

10

4dTM l S0 868140 K I. P. 108 volts

Schoepfle classified 31 lines in the interval 883.45 A to 1331.59 A, but did not observe

the resonance lines. The lines were classified from a study of a Moseley diagram of the

sequence. Later, Kruger and Shoupp reported three fines in the region between 279 A and

291A as combinations from the ground term, and revised Schoepfle’s value of 5p T0

. They

give the limit quoted above and have also based their work on a study of a Moseley diagram.

The quoted ionization potential may be in error by several volts. The tabular entries are from the earlier paper supplemented by these later additions and corrections. The writer

has rounded off the values, and entered the J-value of the parent term by analogy with Pd i. The singlet and triplet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

The level values of these terms published by L. and E. BJoch in 1937 derived from thenown measurements differ considerably from those in the table, but there is agreement on the resonance fines at 284 A and 279 A representing combinations of the ground term with 5p *Pi

and 5p 3D°, respectively.

REFERENCES

G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 43, 742 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). ( I P) (T) (C L)

L. Bloch et E. Bloch, J. Phys. Rad. [7] 8, 224 (1937). (T) (C L)

Sb VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10 4d10 0 0 4d9

(2 D2^)5s 5s 3 D 3 243220 9770 // 4d9

(

2 Dw)5s

2

1 245990

253210 -7220

4d9

(

2 D1H)5s 5s J D 2 256360

4d9 (

2 D2H>5p 5p

3 P° 2 381460 -11070

-6270

// 1 842530

4d9 (2D^)5p 0 348800

4d9 (2D 2*)5p op 3 F° 4 348250 8320

3 334930 -3230 4d9 (

2 D1H)5p 2 848160

Sb VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d9 (

2 D2^)5p 5p

3 D° 3 349570

// 6770

2 342800 14620 4d9 (

2 Di^)5p 1 857420

4d9 (2D 1H)5p 5p

1 P° 1 351010

4d9 (2D 1H)5p 5p !F0 3 355800

4d9

(2 D1H)5p 5p ‘D0 2 859170

Sb vii(2 D2^) Limit [868140]

March 1953. Sb xxiii

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z=51

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s 2S0^

4s 2S0* K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed the leading doublets from

the 4s-5p and 4p-5d configurations from Pd xvm to In xxi. In figure 3 of his paper on the

spectra of highly-ionized atoms, the fines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum-spark

spectra of these elements from 40 A to 80 A. He states that the doublets have been traced

in this sequence as far as Sb xxiii.

By analogy with Cu i the writer has assumed the ground state indicated above.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 548 (1947).

March 1953
TELLURIUM

Te I

52 electrons Z=52

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3

2 3p

Q 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p* 3P2

5p* 3 P2 72667 K I. P. 9.01 volts

The analysis is from Ruedy, who has classified 62 lines between 5083. 0A and 11084.5A

from observations he made by using an electrodeless discharge tube as the source, thus revising

and extending the early work by McLennan and others.

The writer has tentatively assigned t/-values to the members of the 7p

3P term on the basis

of the intensities of the combination with 6s 3S°. The 6D° terms are listed in the table as unresolved, although the author assigns J—2 to the observed levels of this series. In 1929, McLennan and Crawford predicted the positions of the two terms 5pi ^12 and

5p

x % by extrapolation from the first spectra of the oxygen group. These “forbidden” transitions have since been confirmed by laboratory observations, and are described irr detail in the

1938 reference below. They are attributed to magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole radiation. The predicted positions of these terms are quoted in the table.

Bartelt revised and extended Ruedy’s analysis in 1934, on the basis of observations by

McLennan and his associates, and listed 42 classified lines between 1645A and 3175. 15A.

Further confirmation of his results based on more precise observations is needed.

Ruedy has derived the limit from the 6p

6P2 —ns 6S° scries (n= 9, 10, 11 ), by means of a Hicks formula.

The Zeeman effect in the spectra of tellurium is being investigated by Vander Sluis and

Griffin at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Their extension of the Tei analysis is in

progress but will not be completed in time for inclusion here. This spectrum is in serious need

of further study, particularly in the short wave region.

REFERENCES

J. C. McLennan and M. F. Crawford, Nature 124, 874 (1929). (T)

J. E. Ruedy, Phys. Rev. 41, 588 U932). (I P) (T) (C L)

O. Bartelt, Zeit. Phys. 88, 522 (1934). (T) (C L)

H. Niewodniczahski and F. Lipihski, Nature 142, 1160 (1938). (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs)

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 90, 80 (1953). (Z E)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nxiclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469 Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs). P. M. Griffin, letter (January 1957).
97

Te I Tel

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5p

4 5

p

4 3 P 2 0 -4751

44

5p3 (

4S°)7d 7d 3 D° 1 to 3 68214

1 4751 1. 49

0 4707 5p3

(

4 S°)9s 9s 5 S° 2 68364

bp4 5p4 4 D 2 10559 5p3

(

4S°)8d 8d sD° 0 to 4 69145

5p

4 5p4 >S 0 23199 5p3 (

4S°)8d 8d 3 D° 1 to 3 69577

5p3 (

4 S°)6s 6s *S° 2 44253 1. 98 5p3

(

4 S°) 10s 10s 5S° 2 69670

5p3 (

4 S°)6s 6s 3 S° 1 46653 1. 90 5p3

(

4 S°)9d 9d 5 D° 0 to 4 70137

5p3 (

4 S°)6p 6p

5P 1 54162

39

336

5p3 (

4 S°)9d 9d 3 D° 1 to 3 70398

2

3 54201

54537 5p3 (

4 S°) 11s 11s 5 S° 2 70462

5p3 (

4 S°)6p 6p

3 P 2 55813 138

-171

bp3

(

4 S°) lOd lOd sD° 0 to 4 70767

1 55675

0 55846 5p3 (

4 S°) lOd lOd 3 D° 1 to 3 70930

5p3

(

4S°)7p 7p

5P 1 63557 113

251

5p3

(

4 S°) lid lid 5 D° Oto 4 71184

2 63670

3 63921 5p3

(

4 S°) lid lid 3 D° 1 to 3 71297

bp3 (

4 S°)7p 7p3 P 2 63922 -167

107

5p3 (

4 S°) 12d 12d 3 D° 1 to 3 71557

1 64089

0 63982 5p3

(

4 S°) 13d 13d 3 D° 1 to 3 71749

5p3 (

4 S°)6d

bp3

(

4 S°)8s

5p3 (

4 S°)7d

6d

3 D° 1 to 3 65695

8s 5S° 2 65933 Te ii(4 S?h) Limit 72667

7d SD° 0 to 4 67437

January 1957. Te i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p

e 4^10 5s2 _f_

Observed Terms

bp4 / 5p4 3 P

1 5p4

4

S bp4 4 D

ns (n >6) np (n> 6) nd (n>5)

bp3

(

4 S°)nx / 6, 8 to 11s 5S°

l 6s 3 S°

6, 7p

5P

6, 7p

3 P

7 to lid 5 D°

6 to 13d 3 D°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Te i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in,

Introduction.
98

Te II

(Sb i sequence; 51 electrons) Z=52

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3 p

G 3d10 4s? 4

p

6 4d10 5s2 5p3 4S°^

5p3 4S°H 150000 ±3000 K I. P. 18.6±0.4 volts

The analysis is by Handrup and Aback, who have revised and extended the earlier work on

this spectrum especially for inclusion here. Their investigation is still in progress. It has been

carried to its present state only with the aid of the excellent Zeeman effect data furnished by

Vander Sluis and Griffin of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and of ultraviolet line measure- ments from plates made by S. Avellen of Lund University. The gr-valucs quoted here supplement and partly supersede those published in the 1951 reference.

There are 29 odd and 38 even levels listed in the table, of which 4, listed with question

marks, need further confirmation. All odd levels are in italics. The observations extend

from 157 A to 8972 A, and about 300 lines have been classified.

The zeros after the decimal point in the level 71193.00 have been arbitrarily adopted by

the authors because of the inaccuracy of the far ultraviolet wave numbers on which the combinations from the ground term are based.

The configurations 5s 5p4 and 5s2 5p2

(

3 P ! D 1 S)6p are almost completely known. The

authors point out, however, that on account of the effects of configuration-interaction and

intermediate coupling, in many cases the assignment of configurations and Z*S'-designations

has little meaning. For example, at least the two levels 76301 and 78448 contribute to 5p4 4P0K . The limit terms 3P, *D, X S are, also, not indicated in the table for most levels of the 5s

2 5p2 nx

configurations; and a number of configurations are listed for groups of levels. Ross and

Murakawa have suggested some approximate quantum number assignments.

No series have been found in Te n, but from the spacing of successive groups of levels

Handrup and Alack estimate the series limit quoted above. Their ionization potential agrees

well with the value 18.8 ±0.5 volts interpolated by Finkelnburg and Humbach from a study of

screening constants.

REFERENCES

J. E. Mack, K. Murakawa, J. S. Ross, F. A. Pick, and J. C. van den Bosch, Phys. Rev. 83, 654 (L) (1951).

(T) (Z E) (hfs)

J. S. Ross and K. Murakawa, Phys. Rev. 85, 559 (1952). (T) (C L) (hfs) (I S)

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 90, 80 (1953). (C L) (Z E)

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955), (I P)

M. Bernarda Handrup and J. E. Mack, unpublished material (December 1956); See Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. [II] 2, 199 (A) (1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
99

Te II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p3 5p3 4 S° 1 K 0

5s2 5

p

3 5

p

3 2 D° 1/2 10222 2201 2/ 12^23

5s2 5

p

3 5p3 2 po oy2 20546 3487 i/ 24033

5s 5p

4 5

p

4 4 P 2/ 71193. 00

-3700. 85

1. 59

5s 5

p

4 5

p

4 4 P 1/ 74893. 85 1. 71 OK 76301. 30 2. 63

OK 78448. 63 2. 29

1/2 81895. 89 1. 12

1/2 82743. 83 1. 45

OK 83577. 90 1. 06

2K 85049. 79 1. 09

5s 5p4 IK 85160. 15 0. 88

5s2 5p2 6s 2K 85592. 36 1. 50

5s2 5p2 5

d

IK 86760. 28 0. 94

2K 87404. 98 1. 25

2K 88925. 17 1. 06?

IK 88961. 52 1. 17 IK 92192. 22 1. 13

. 2K 92793. 80 1. 24

5s2 5p2

(3 P)6p OK 93979. 34 0. 79

5s 5

p

4 5s2 5

2 6s 1 |

2K 94860. 95 1. 28

5s2 5p2 5d J 1 IK 95208. 88 0. 98

IK 96145. 17 1. 32

OK 97780. 47 1. 26

IK 99585. 02 1. 26

2K 100112. 52 1. 40

iK 101221. 44 1. 31

OK 101371. 26 2. 32

5s2 5p*(»P)6p

2K 102324. 95 1. 31 3K 103106. 32 1. 38

iK 103936. 38 1. 74

IK 105006. 55 1. 21 2K 105583. 48 1. 29

OK 106119. 73 0. 88

Te II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

2K 111947. 17 1. 19 IK 112272. 87 1. 09

5s2 5p2 i}T))6p

2K 112549. 29 1. 06

3K 112788. 89 1. 19

5s2 5

p

2 7s

5s2 5

p

2 6d } OK 112824. 36 2. 16

5s2 5p2

(

x D)6p OK 114069. 12 0. 77

5s2 5p

2 7s

5s

2 5p

2 6d }

iK 115700. 94 0. 91

5s2 5p2 (

x D)6p iK 116102. 19 1. 29

r 2K 116837. 76? 1. 20

5s2 5p

2 7s

1 OK? 117192. 78

5s

2 5p2 6d ! IK 117264. 36 0. 98

1 IK 117340. 09 1. 60

2K 117686. 31 0. 85

3K 117859. 52 1. 13 OK? 118009. 36

OK 118325. 30 1. 17 2K 120617. 57 1. 51

5s2 5p

2 7s

1 £2K 121064. 23

5s2 5

p

2 6d i OK 121106. 68 0. 52

iK 121174. 38 1. 23

iK 121519. 36 1. 20

2K 122197. 27 1. 07

5s2 5p

2 7

p

i

f 2K 122616. 98? 1. 06

5s

2 5p2 4/ i 1 2K 122888. 03

3K 123655. 00 1. 24

5s2 5p

2 7s

i OK 124082. 49

5s2 5p

2 6d j 2/2 124646. 81 1. 32

l 3K 125967. 61 1. 15

5s2 5p

2 7

p

5s2 5

p

2 4j } 3K 126164. 69?

5s2 5

p

2 7s

1 J 0/2 126212. 47 2. 03

5s2 5p

2 6d i 1 iK 126517. 39 0. 98

Te iii(3 P0) Limit 150000

January 1957.
100

Te in

(Sn i sequence; 50 electrons) Z=52

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p2 3 P0

5^2 3 P0 247000 K I. P. 31 volts

This spectrum is in serious need of further study. Krishnamurty and Rao have classified

approximately 200 lines between 612 A and 6977 A. R. J. Lang furnished them with an

unpublished list of lines in the region between 600 A and 2000 A, to supplement their

observations.

The limit is derived from the two-member series np 3 P, namely, 6s 3P° —5p2 3 P2 and

6s 3 P2 —

p

3 P2 , and “a very large error is possible when the limit is obtained solely from the

above series in which the first member lies in the extreme ultra-violet.” A rounded-off value

is quoted in the table.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

The observed (/-values in the table are from the paper by Green and Loring.

The writer has revised several of the published term designations to conform more nearly

to the related spectra Sn i and Sb n, and to give better agreement with the observed ^-values.

Some t/-values of the limit term have been added in column one of the table, and more levels are entered as miscellaneous than in the published papers. The more dubious levels have

been omitted here pending confirmation. The tabular data are tentative, but should serve

as a guide in the search for more regularities.

REFERENCES

S. G. Krishnamurty, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 151, 178 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

S. G. Krishnamurty and K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 158, 562 (1937). (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 90, 82 (1953). (Z E)

Te III Te III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p2 5p2 3p 0

12

0 4751

8165

4751

3414

5s2 5p(2 P°)5d

ft

3p°

3p°

2

3

104708. 8

106305. 6 1. 07

5s2 5p

2 5

p

2 »D 2 17358 5s2 5p(2 PoH)6s 6s 3 P° 0 107462. 1 255. 6

7698. 3

ft 1 107717. 7 1. 37

5s 5p3 1 82885. 7 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6s 2 115416. 0 1. 28

1 92800. 9 2 109006. 1

5s 5p

3 2 93706. 3 5s2 5p(2 Pf*)6s 6s iP° 1 114209. 9 1. 00 n 3p° 2 9502/,. 6 5s2 5p(2 P°)5d 5d

3 P° 0

// 3p° 1 9657/,. 4 5s2 5p(2 PfH)5d

12 117789. 4

116711. 9

-1077. 5

1. 26

1. 34 n 1 D° 2 100463. 4 1. 13 5s2 5p(2 P°)5tZ 5d

3 D° 1 115789. 4 6770. 7 -1613. 4

1 101149. 0

2

3 122510. 1 120896. 7 1. 35

1 or 2 122121. 2
101

Te III—Continued Te III—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s3 5p(2 Pfo)5d 5d iD° 2 124783. 3 5s2 5p(2 P5*)6d 6d

S F° 2 162737. 8

988. 6 4817. 3?

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)5d 5d

ipo 1 127183. 6 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6d

34163726. 4

168543. 7?

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)5d

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p

5d

6 p

ip°

3 D

3

1

127241. 8

128617. 9 3711. 2

7620. 6

0. 68

5s2 5p(2 Po^)6<i

f / 6d 3 D° 12

3

163324- 9

166611. 4

171061. 9

3286. 5 4450. 5

// 2 132329. 1 1. 16 5s2 5p(2 PfH)6d

5s2 5p(2 PjH)6p 3 139949. 7 1. 28

5s2 5p(2 P!H)6d 6d »F° 3 168071. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6p iP 1 138289. 7 1. 02

5s2 5p(2 PoM)7s 7s 3 P° 0

5s2 5p(2 Po*)6p 6p

3 P 0 132262. 4 7

t r 1 170583. 4

// 7827. 5

1 132116. 7 7547. 8

1. 24 5s2 5p(2 Pfo)7s 2 178410. 9

5s2 5p(2 Pf*)6p 2 139664. 5 1. 43

5s2 5p(3 Pfo)6d 6d ‘D 0 2 171962. 4

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6p

3 S 1 141803. 0 1. 76

1 or 2 172888. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6p 6 p »D 2 142982. 0 1. 14

5s2 5p(2 PfH)6d 6d ‘P 0 1 173569. 8

5s2 5p(2 Pfo)6d 6d 3p° 0

tt 1 161192. 6

8819. 6

1. 43 5s2 5p(2 Pb*)7s 7s 1 P° 1 174497. 5 n 2 170012. 2

Te iv(2 Po^) Limit 247000

October 1953.

Te IV

(In i sequence; 49 electrons) Z=52

Ground state Is2 2s2 2pQ 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p* 4

d

10 5s2 5p 2 Pq^

5p

2P?^ 305091 K I. P. 38 volts

The analysis is from Rao, who has classified 27 lines between 749 A and 3585 A. An error

in the published value of 7s 2S is corrected here. His value of the limit is the mean derived

from a Rydberg formula for the 2S and 2D series of two members each. From isoelectronic

sequence data he estimates that the error in the absolute term values “probably does not exceed

about 3000 cm-1 ”. Further study of the spectrum is needed.

The ^-values are from the observed Zeeman pattern of the line 3585.27 A—the only Teiv

line observed by Green and Loring.

REFERENCES

K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 133, 220 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 90, 80 (1953). (Z E)
102

Te iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 (

1 S)5p 5v

2 P° oy 0 9223

1/2 9223

5s 5p

2 5 p

2 2 D i/ 92772 2039 2h 94811

5s 5

p

2 5

p

2 2 S oy2 109536

5s 5p

2 5

p

2 2 P oy2 119009 947

1/2 119956

5s2

(

1 S)5d 5d 2 D i/ 127445. 0

771. 5 2/ 128216. 5

5s2 OS) 6s 6s 2 S 0/ 133456. 0 2. 02

5s2 (

1 S)6p 6p

2 P° 0/ 161389 A 2619. 6

0. 66

i/ 163959. 0

5s2 OS) 7s 7s 2 S oy2 205343. 6

5s2 OS) 6d 6d 2 D i/ 202941. 4

411. 4

2/2 203352. 8

Te vOS0) Limit 305091

August 1953.

Te v

(Cd i sequence; 48 electrons) Z=5

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s

2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 'So

5s2 'So 486244 K I. P. 60 volts

The spectrum is incompletely known, but Gibbs and Vieweg have classified 23 lines between

603 A and 1549 A. Their absolute term values have been extrapolated on a Moseley diagram

of the isoelectronic sequence. Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and

triplet systems of terms.

L. and E. Bloch have observed five additional lines between 358 A and 402 A, from which

they derive the three following levels:

6V

3 P°1 27U54

6p !P°1 278738

7s »Sj 334459

These levels require further confirmation.

From a study of screening constants Finkelnburg and Humbach have interpolated an

ionization potential of 66 volts.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and A. M. Vieweg, Phys. Rev. 34, 400 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

L. et E. Bloch, J. Phys. Rad. [7] 6, 441 (1935). (T) (C L)

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 43, 35 (1955). (I P)
103

Te v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5s2 J S 0 0

5s (

2 S) 5p 5p 3 P° 0

12

75109

78028

85997

2914

7974

5s(2 S)5v 5

v

! P° 1 111707

5p2 5p2 sp 0 176248 6171

10173 12 182419

192592

5p2 5p2 ! D 2 182797

5s(2 S)5d 5d 3 D 1 215612 525

852 2 216137

3 216989

5s(2S)5d 5d !D 2 221493

5s(2 S)6s 6s 3 S 1 240837

Te vi(2 Sok) Limit 486244

August 1955.

Te VI

(Ag I sequence; 47 electrons) Z—52

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s 2So^

5s 2So* 583500 K I. P. 72 volts

This spectrum is incompletely analyzed. The terms are from K. it. Rao, who has classified

10 lines in the range between 540.24 A and 1313.90 A. The limit is a mean value of that given

by the ns 2S series (n=5, 6) derived by a Rydberg formula, and of the one given by an extrapolation along the iso electronic sequence based on Moseley’s law. The writer has rounded off the value of this mean. Further observations are needed to lengthen the series and correct the present inaccuracy in the limit.

REFERENCE

K. R. Rao, Proc. Royal Soc. London [A] 133, 220 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

Te VI Te VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10

(

1 S) 5s 4d10

(

1 S)5p

4d1«(iS)5d

4d10

(

1 S) 6s

5s 2 S

5p 2 P°

5d 2 D

6s 2 S

0H

oy2 1 X

iy2 2y2 oy2

0 93836

105150

238081

239725

278439

11814

1644

4d10

(

1 S) 6p 6p 2 P° oy2 i H

314190

818589 4399

Te vii^So) Limit 583500

March 1953.
104

Te VII

(Pd i sequence; 46 electrons) Z=52

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4cP

4d10 X S0 1106860 K I. P. 137 volts

In 1933 Schoepfle classified 24 lines between 784.09 A and 1123.36 A, but did not observe

the resonance lines. The following year Kruger and Shoupp reported three lines in the region

from 227 A to 236 A as combinations from the ground term, and revised the earlier value of

5p

J P°. Their limit, quoted above, and all the terms are based on a study of a Moseley diagram for the isoelectronic sequence. The quoted ionization potential may be in error by several volts. The terms in the table are from the 1933 paper supplemented by these

later additions and corrections. The writer has rounded off the values, and assigned the

J-value of the parent term by analogy with Pd i. The singlet and triplet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

The level values of these same terms published by L. and E. Bloch in 1937 as prepared

from their own measurements differ considerably from those adopted here, but there is agreement on the two resonance lines at 232 A and 227 A representing combinations from the ground

term to 5p X P° and 5p 3D°, respectively.

REFERENCES

G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 43, 742 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

L. Bloch et E. Bloch, J. Phys. Rad. [7] 8, 224 (1937). (T) (C L)

'

Te VII Te VII

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10 4

d“> *S 0 0 4d9

(

2 D2H)5p 5p *D° 3 429910 8300

-17350

4d»(2 D2H)5s 5s 3 D 3 309000 -3090

-8280

n

4d9

(

2 D1H)5p

2

1 421610438960 n

4d»(2 D1H)5s 21 312090320370 4d9 (

2 D1*)5p 5p »P° 1 430410

4d# (

2 D1 *)5s 5s »D 2 323620 4d«(2 D1H)5p 5p ‘F0 3 436530

4d«(2 D2H)5p 5p *P° 2 409310 -13560

-7180

4d«(2 D1H)5p 5p »D° 2 440870

4d*(2 DlH)5p

4d9

(

2 D2>*)5p n

4d9

(

2 D1H)5p

10 422870

430050

422940

412640

428160

5p *F° 4 10300

-15510

Te viii (

2 D2*) Limit 1106860

32

March 1953.
IODINE

II

53 electrons Z=53

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d

10 4s2 4^6 4d10 5s2 5p5 2P?«

5p5 2F°h 84340 K I. P. 10.454 volts

The analysis is by Kiess and Corliss, who have reobserved the spectrum, revised, and

extended the earlier work especially for inclusion here. The new observations extend from

1200 A to 23000 A. The Vacuum Spectrograph of the Bureau was used for the short-wave

region. For wavelengths longer than 12000 A observations were made by Plyler and by

Humphreys, who used PbS detectors with an electrodeless discharge as source. From 2000 A to 13000 A the hues were measured relative to the International Secondary

Standards of Iron. Precise energy-level values were derived by means of the 400 lines classified

in this range. The values were then used to calculate wavelengths suitable as standards in the

regions shorter than 2000 A and longer than 12000 A, i. e., to correct the wavelength scales at the extreme ends of the observed range. The final line fist thus has internally consistent

standards over the entire range. The total number of classified lines is approximately 625.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the systems of terms having different multiplicities.

The observed ^-values are from Zeeman spectrograms taken in a magnetic field of about

36000 oersteds, with the Weiss magnet of the National Bureau of Standards.

The limit is excellently determined by means of a Ritz formula, from three series:

m 4P2^(n=6 to 11), np 4P°^(ti= 6 to 9), and nd 4F4^(?i= 5 to 9).

REFERENCES

S. F. Evans, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 133, 417 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

K. Murakawa, Zeit. Phys. 109, 171 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) F, E. Eshbach and R. A. Fisher, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44, 868 (1954). (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 29 (1955).

(Summary hfs) R. Onaka, Phys. Rev. (2) 106, 1178 (1957). (hfs) C. C. Kiess and C. H. Corliss, unpublished material (October 1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
106

Ii Ii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p5 5p

5 2po iy2 0. 00 -7603. 15

0. 673

5s2 5p4

(

3 P)7p 7P

4 D° 3K 75194. 10 -6839. 70

310. 82

1. 42 oy2 7603. 15 2/2 82033. 80

IK 81722. 98 1. 39

5s2 5p4 (

3P)6s 6s 4 P 2y2 54633. 46 7186 35 1. 576 0/2

i y2 61819. 81

923. 54 1. 618

ok 60896. 27 2. 561 5s2 5p4 (

3P)5d 5d4 D 3K 75511. 13 1. 320

5s2 5p4 (

3P) 6s 6s 2 P i K

oy2 56092. 88

63186. 76

-7093. 88 1. 385

0. 799

5s2 5p4

(3 P)5d 5d

' nd

4 F 4K

OK

75704. 09

75714. 44

1. 338

15 0. 80

5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 6p 6p

4 po 2y2 l k

64906. 34

67062. 12 -2155. 78

1205. 16

1. 524

1. 415 nd 16 IK 75823. 98 1. 41

oy2 65856. 96 1. 556

5s2 5p4 ( )nd nd 17 2K 75898. 91 1. 14

5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 6p 6p 4 S° iK 64990. 01 1. 619 nd 18 2K 76106. 57

5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 6

p

6p

2 D° 2K

1

65644 49

72807. 21 -7162. 72 1. 217

1. 316 , nd 19 IK 76136. 43 1. 04

3K 1. 420

f nd 20 0K 76746. 98

5s2 5p4

(

3P)6p 6p

4D° 65670. 00 — 6859 17 5s2 5p4 ( )nd

2K 72529. 17 552 43 1. 370

[ nd 21 2K 76903. 28

iK

0/2 71976. 74

73387. 18

-1410. 44 1. 317

1. 137 4/ 1° 2K 77307. 47

5s2 5p4 0D)6s 6s' 2 D 2K 66020. 64 -334. 57 1. 258 4/ 2° 3K 77313. 00

1/2 66355. 21 0. 828

4/ 3° 3K 77320. 66

' nd 1 IK 67298. 45 5s2 5p4

(

3P)4/

4/ 4° iK 77356. 76

nd 2 2K 68549. 77

4/ 5° 2K 77359. 62

5s2 5p4 ( )nd nd 3 2K 68588. 00

nd 4 68612. 02

4/ 6° IK 77406. 86

IK

5s2 5p4

(

3P)8s 8s 4 P 2K 77450. 76 1. 563

V nd 5 2K 70151. 32

5s2 5p4

(3 P)8s 8s 2P iK 77555. 77 1. 35

5s2 5p4 0S)6s 6s" 2 S OK 70354. 93 1. 96

5s2 5p4 0D)6p 6p' 2po IK 78415. 36 1. 39

5s2 5p4

(3P)6p 6p 2po OK

IK

71501. 52

73054. 56 1553. 04 1. 239

1. 329 5s2 5p4

( )np np 2° iK 78592. 75 1. 00

5s2 5p4 (

3P)6p 6p

2 S° OK 71813. 97 1. 377 5s2 5p4 (

3 P)8p 8P

4 po 2K

iK

78732. 31

79224. 78

-492. 47

21. 67

1. 454

1. 30

5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 7s 7s 4 P 2K 71903. 44 6987 72

0K 79203. 11 IK

OK

78891. 16

78415. 66 475. 50 1. 59

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)7p 7p

2po OK

iK

78780. 04

82431. 20 3651. 16 1. 479

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)7s 7s 2 P IK

OK

72294. 83

79285. 26 -6990. 43 5s2 5p4 (

3P)8p 8p 4 S° iK 78815. 61 1. 71

5s2 5p4 ( )np IK 72875. 75

5s2 5p4 (

3P)8p 8P2 D° 2K 78854. 86 1. 11 np 1° nd 73114. 72

5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 6d 6d 4 D 3K 78904. 05 1. 36

6 IK

6d 4 P 78943. 37 1. 41 nd 73477. 255s2 5p4 (

3 P) 6d 2K

7

8

IK

8P

4D° 79003. 70 1. 03

nd

5s2 5p4

(

3P)8p 3K

IK 73639. 28

nd

5s2 5p4 ( )nd nd 22 iK 79030. 99 1. 23 9 2K 73846. 96

5s2 5p4 ( )nd

nd 10 73977. 68 1. 21

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6d 6d 4 F 4K 79055. 01 1. 332

3/2 f nd 23 3K 79150. 55

nd 11 IK 74587. 40 0. 78

5s2 5p4

( )nd < nd 24 iK 79395. 92 1. 42 nd 12 IK 74625. 56

v nd 25 2K 79418. 49 1. 17 nd 13 2K 74823. 48

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)8p Bp 2po OK 79701. 73 1. 02

5s2 5p4

(3 P)7p 7P

4po 2K 74965. 77 -655. 64

318. 28

1. 472

IK 75621. 41 1. 483 iK

( 5/ 1° 79835. 03

OK 75303. 13 1. 53

5/ 2° OK 79840. 23

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)7p 7p 4 S° IK 75049. 57 1. 506

5s 2K 2 5p4

(3 P)5/ 5/ 3° 79844• 68

5s2 5

p

4 ( )nd nd 14 2K 75177. 26 1. 26

5/ 40 3K 79847. 88

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)7p 7P

J D° 2K 75191. 37 -7232. 81 1. 24 » IK 82424. 18 1. 27 1 5/ 5° iK 79881. 74
107

1

1—Continued 1

1—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)9s 9s 4 P 2J4 79914. 68 1. 56 5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 10s 10s 4 P 2}i 81252. 48

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)9s 9s 2 P 79947. 20 ' nd 29 2Y2 81371. 2

\ np 3° l/2 80089. 9^ 1. 50 5s2 5p4 ( )nd nd 30 oy2 81551. 9

5s2 5

p

4 ( )np

[ np 4° 2^ 80125. 57 1. 05 \ nd 31 iX 81642. 25

5

s

2 5p4 (

3 P)9p 9p

4po 2^ 80624. 45 5s2 5p4

(

3 P)7p 7p 2 S° oy 81506. 82

5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 7d 7d 4 D 3/2 80676. 17 1. 40 5s2 5p4 (

3 P) 8d 8d

4 D 3/2 81689. 02

5s2 5p4 (3 P) 7d 7d

4 P 2y2 80680. 12 1. 37 5s2 5

p

4 ( )np np 5° 3X 81698. 55

5s2 5

p

4 ( )nd nd 26 VA 80690. 98

5

s

2 5p4 (

3 P)8d 8d

4 F 4X 81760. 58

f 7/ 1° 2X 82026. 20

5

s

2 5p4 (

3 P)9p 9p4 S° 1 X 80720. 85 5s2 5p4 (

3 P)7/

[ 7/ 2° 3% 82030. 85

5s2 5p'4 (

3 P)7d 7d 4 F 4% 80772. 35

5s 5p® 5p8 2 S 0 x 82028. 61

5s2 5p4 ( )nd nd 27 ix 80782. 49 1. 46

5s2 5p4

(3 P)10p 10p 4 D° 3X 82035. 00

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)9p 9p 2D° 2X 80797. 95

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)lls 11s 4 P 2}{ 82074. 10

5s2 5

p

4 ( )nd nd 28 3}£ 80869. 05

5s2 5p4 ( )np np 6° 2y2 82211 04

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)9p 9p

4 D° 3^ 809Jf5. U 1. 32

5s2 5p4

(3 P)9d 9d

4 F 4X 82385. 44

' 6/ 1° 2H 81205. 39

5s2 5p4 ( )nd nd 32 2}i 82452. 83

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6/

6/ 2° 3}£ 81207. 32 5s2 5p4 ( )np np 7° IX 82615. 84

6/ 3° 1 X 81216. 75

> 6/ 4° 2H 81219. 30 I n(3 P2) Limit 84340

October 1957.

1 1 Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p0 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p« 4dI0 +Observed Terms

5s2 5

p

5 5 p5 2P°

5s 5

p® 5p« 2 S

ns (n > 6) np (n> 6) nd (n > 5)

5s2 5p4

(3P)nx

{

6 to 11s 4 P

6 to 9s 2 P

6 to 9p

4 S° 6 to 9p 4 P° 6 to lOp 4 D°

6, 7p 2 S° 6 to 8p 2 P° 6 to 9p 2 D°

6, 7d 4 P 5 to 8d 4 D 5 to 9d 4F

5s2 5p4 0D)na;' 6s' 2 D 6p' 2 P°

5s2 5p4 (

1 S)nx" 6s" 2 S

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the 1 1 isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
(Te i sequence; 52 electrons) Z=53

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4_p

6 4d10 5s2 5p4 3P2

5p

i 3P2 154050 K I. P. 19.09 volts

The analysis is chiefly by Lacroute who reported in 1935 that more than 1200 lines were known. He published Zeeman data for many lines and observed several series. He utilized

the measurements of L. Bloch and E. Bloch in the region from about 2200 A to 798 A.

Murakawa in studying the hyperfine structure of I n also reported regularities in the

spectrum, and in 1938 revised the series and extended the analysis. Lacroute carried the work

further and published in 1939 the term list that has been used for the analysis reported here.

Ten levels have been omitted as extremely dubious.

A new description of I n is in course of preparation by Kiess, Corliss, and Martin at the

National Bureau of Standards. The available observations extend from 2023.100 A to 9046.27 A

and include Zeeman spectrograms taken with metal halide lamps as the source. The writer has

revised the known term values from these new measurements by starting with 6p

5P3 equal to 100410.00K. These values are given to two decimal places in the table. A complete new

description of I n in the region short of 2000 A is in progress at the Bureau. Several excellent

spectrograms extending from 800 A to 2500 A have just been obtained. With these observations, additions and corrections to the tabular data will be made.

There are approximately 500 classified lines. Observed intersystem combinations connect

the systems of terms of different multiplicities.

Martin has added some new levels, extended the known series, and derived the limit quoted

above, from the ns

3,5 S° series (n =6 to 9), by means of an extended Ritz formula.

Most of the observed ^-values in the table given to two decimal places are from Lacroute.

All three-place entries are new values derived from the Bureau Zeeman data.

REFERENCES

P. Lacroute, Ann. de Phys. (11) 3, 5 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) K. Murakawa, Zeit. Phys. 109, 162 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) P. Lacroute, Ann. d’Astroph. 2, 318 (1939). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

C. C. Kiess, C. H. Corliss, and W. C. Martin, unpublished material (December 1957). (IP) (T) (C L) (Z E)

I II I II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p4 5p* 3 P 2

10

0

7090

6451

-7090

639

5s2 5

p

4 5p4 4 D 2 13731

5s2 5p

4 5 p

4 *S 0 32629

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)6s 6s *S° 2 81040. 12 1. 86

5s 5p

5 5p5 3p° 2

10

81915. 20

84229. 62

85391. 60

-2314. 42

-1161. 98

1. 54

1. 530

0/0

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)6s 6s 3 S° 1 84850. 29 1. 753

5s2 5p3

(4 S°)5d 5d «D° 4 86043. 66

308. 27

-436. 89

—1569. 19 -2670. 93

1. 480

3 85735. 39 1. 457

2 86172. 28 1. 434

1 87741. 47 1. 472

0 90412. 40 0/0

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)5d 5d *D° 3 93013. 39

2507. 63

-4326. 99

1. 35

2

1 90505. 76

94832. 75

1. 138

0. 653

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6s 6s' 3 D° 1 92140. 04 1558 74 0. 685

2

3 93698. 78

96658. 04

2959. 26 1. 16

1. 36

5s 5p5 5

p'a ipo 1 95963. 31 1. 05

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)5d 5d' 3 D° 12

3 97090. 73

99950. 49

2859. 76 1. 26

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6s 6s' iD° 2 97708. 27 0. 996

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°) 5d 5d' 3p° 2

3 1. 24?

4 98183. 18

99384 96 1201. 78

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)6p 6p «P 1 99226. 99 107 54 2. 309

2 99334. 53

1075. 47 1. 714

3 100410. 00 1. 622

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)5d 5d' 1 G° 4 101165. 25

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)6p 6p

3 p 2 102620. 89 QfiQ 1. 501

10

101651. 59

103011. 47 -1359. 88 1. 520

0/0
109

I II—Continued I II—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p3(2 po) 6s 6s" 3 P° 0 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p 6p" 3 S 1 128570. 61 1. 73

1 106071 1448 1/39

2 107519. 18 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p 6p" y 1 129780. 20

5s2 5p3

(

2 P°) 6s 6s" iP° 1 107628. 58 5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6d

| or > 5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)7s J

r k° 1 130622. 62

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°) 5d 5d' 3 P° 0

1 1 i ° 2 130624. 98

2 1 08544- 96 1. 45 5s2 5p3

(2 P°)6p 6p" 3 P 0

1 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5d 5d" R° 1 109308. 7t 2 131452. 20 1. 26

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6p 6p' iP 1 110014. 15 0. 915 5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)8s 8s 5 S

° 2 132844- 61

5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5(Z 5d" Y° 2 110466. 48 1. 36 5s2 5p3

(4 S°)8s 8s 3 S° 1 133804- 47

5s2:5p3

(

2 D°)6p 6

p' 3 F 2 111305. 50

3969. 79

86. 10

0. 915 o° 3 133557. 94 1. 23

34

115275. 29

115361. 39

1. 212

1. 29

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6d 6° 3 183962. 93 1. 16

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6p 6p' 3 D 3 112426. 46 239. 55 -1633. 33

1. 12

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)7s c° 3 134081. 80 0. 81

2 112186. 91 1. 158 d° 2 184044- 52 1. 02

1 113820. 24 0. 985

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6d 6d' »S° 0 13424S- 37 0/0

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6p 6p' 4 F 3 114164. 65 1. 13

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)7d 7d6 D° 4 134509. 75

60. 66 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5<2 5d" 0° 2 114490. 00 3o 134449. 09

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6p 6p' 3 P 0 114643. 21

1449. 03

-376. 34

0/0 i 184554- 89

1 116092. 24 1. 39 0

2 115715. 90 1. 425

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6d 6d' 3 D° i 5s2 5p3

(2 P°)5d 5d" Z° 2 117942. 70 1. 38? 2 134967. 58

624. 78

3 185592. 36

5s\5p3

(4S°)7s 7s 6S° 2 118614. 91 1. 894

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)7p 7

p' ip 1 135350. 02

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6p 6p' 4 D 2 119090. 24 1. 11

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)7p 7p' 3 F 2 135691. 1? 4007. 6 -191. 54

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)7s 7s 3 S° 1 119896. 14 3 139698. 67

4 139507. 13

5s2 5p3

(2 P°)5d 5d" 3 P° 0

1 121083. 11 1. 443 5s2 5p3 (

2 D°)7p 7

p' 3 D 3 136104. 20 -311. 72

-455. 52 2 2

1 136415. 92136871. 44

5s2 5p3

(2 P°)5d 5d" 3 D° 3 121202. 92 -4943. 23 1. 17

2 126146. 15? 1. 18 5s2 5p3

(2 D°) 7p] ( 1 136534. 34

1 or > 5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)5/ J 1 3 136708. 04

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)6d 6d 6 D° 0 121709. 05

541. 85

-424. 88

-40. 32

47. 71

0/0

1 122250. 90 1. 466

(

e

° 4 136740. 86 1. 21 2 121826. 02 1. 453 5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6d

] 3 121785. 70 1. 424 or > r 3 187512. 54 1. 24

4 121833. 41 1. 45 5s2 5p3

( 2 D°)7s J { g° 2 138823. 94 1. 27

5s2,5p3

(

2 P°)5d 5d" U° 3 123587. S3

2 137021. 77

5s2;5p3

(4 S°)5f 5/ «F 5 124749. 64 58 35 4

3

124691. 29

124719. 30 -28. 01 -71. 29

-58. 67

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6d 6d' 3 P° 0

1 138371. 57 0/0 2

1 124790. 59

124849. 26

2

5s2 5p3 (

4 S°)7p 7p *P 1 124958. 36

133. 43

399. 15

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)7p 7p' 4 F 3 139225. 07

2

3

125091. 79

125490. 94 5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6d

j or > J 2 139559. 17 1. 09

5s2 5p3

(4 S°)5f 5f *F 2 125229. 61

4. 76 0. 83 5s2 5p3

(2 D°)7s J l i° 2 139641. 52 1. 04

3 125234. 37

4 125484. 51 250. 14 5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)7p 7

p' 3 P 2 139918. 97 - 125. 28

1 140044. 25

5

s

2 5p3

(4S°)6d 6d »D° 3 125295. 68

40. 80

-91. 54

1. 28 0

2 125254. 88 1. 095

1 125346. 42 0. 674 5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)9s 9s ®S° 2 139965. 27

5s2 5p3

(2 P°)6p 6p" >D 1 5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)9s 9s 3 S° 1 140183. 05

2 125532. 05

3906. 70 0. 83

3 129438. 75 1. 32 2 140196. 75

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)7s 7s' »D° 1 127897 0. 89

2

3 I m (

4 S!k) Limit 154050

December 1957.
I

ii

Observed

Terms*

110

TjH AlR

fe Pr

a> HO AkO

Pha

kO O O PhPh R RiO iO

GQRkO

kOAl£T3R

coAl

jsRR orC3 »o o o QQ»o CO"e

b- CO $ kO kO

*o

'a

CO

Ohrc3 co

73

kO

Ph

73

kO

GQ

73

CO ppVR,*R

CO CO QQ Q R R

1> CO R

CO

Ph Ph R R

b- co

CO

Ph Ph Ph R R R

CO

GQR

CO

COAlR o o QQ o o PhPh

R+ S ^

.2« 73

+= HjH dW o — 05 Cl 3 rJ« W><N^

CCC «0^ 0<N 0 o co 73

rH CO RkO RkO R

kO QRk©

PhRk® a

CO

kON

pLH

00Po

Jh hoo

<X>

kO

CDop

CDP

CJ1 O

CO

rQ

GG XOCO

Sh

kO

CH60 kO73

TjH

CO&H

T}H «

60 o

^3

CO

COCO

ci60 CO

CO^H

<N

Cl00 <N

Mc

kO ~ p

CD

CCc3 03 £ -3

+= <D . V

>? p

rO CD ’53

CC 03 O Q3 Ph tJ3

c3 , c3 «T ^3

GQHO£w

PhH

P>H W

Ph

05

HjH 05 Q oRH O C

CO Q * P 03 iO kg' CO

05

T-t kT w >> Xl CO 'p

05 g

<r §

GO

'8 ^Ph I §

•a . Sii I

in o3 Ph a ~ -C P .22 GQ « m o P GQ

CO

kO

05

Xio
(Sn i sequence; 50 electrons) Z=53

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 5s2 5p2 3 P0

bp2 3P0 K I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been adequately investigated. Krishnamurty has reported 68

lines between 2224.43 A and 3546.90 A, half of which he has classified as combinations among

9 even levels and 10 odd levels. By a comparison of isoelectronic data he assigns some term

designations and assumes an arbitrary absolute value of 192000.0 K for 6s 3P2

- Accurate

measurements in the short-wave region are needed to establish the ground term and extend

the study. Lacking these, the writer has made a crude extrapolation that places 6s 3 Pg roughly

154000 K above the ground state zero. She estimates the value of the limit as approximately

345000 K, and the ionization potential as roughly 43 ± volts. The error in all these estimates

is probably large.

REFERENCE

S. G. Krishnamurty, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 48, 277 (1936). (T) (C L)

August 1953.

I VI

(Cdi sequence; 48 electrons) Z=53

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p® 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2

5s2 K I. P. volts

Krishnamurty and Fernando have utilized measurements by L. and E. Bloch to work out an array of 6 multiplets from 17 lines in the range 483 A to 919 A. They suggest combinations

giving intervals for the 5p

3P° term that are not inconsistent with those extrapolated along

the sequence. Confirmation is needed.

REFERENCE

S. G. Krishnamurty and I. Fernando, Indian J. Phys. 23, 172 (1949). (C L)

August 1953.
112

I VII

(Ag i sequence; 47 electrons) Z=53

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s 2S0^

5s 2S0H K I. P. volts

Little is known about this spectrum. Five lines measured by L. Bloch, E. Bloch, and

N. Felici have been attributed to I vn and classified by Fernando. The terms have been

worked out by the writer from these lines. REFERENCES

L. Bloch, E. Bloch, et N. Felici, J. Phys. Rad. [7] 8, No. 9, 355 (1937).

I. Fernando, Current Sci. 17 , 362 (1948). (C L)

I VII I VII

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d10 (

1 S) 5s 5s 2 S 0)4 0 4d10

(

1 S)5d 5d *D 1H

2H

274020

276250 2230

4d10 (

1 S) 5p 5pJ P° OH 104960 15000 1H 119960

March 1953.

I VIII

(Pd I sequence; 46 electrons) Z—53

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p° 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d

10 XS0

4d

10 X S0 1370370 K I. P. 170 volts

Kruger and Shoupp have classified three lines between 190 A and 196 A as combinations

with the ground term, and determined the limit from a study of the Moseley diagram of the

isoelectronic sequence. The writer has rounded off their term values, and assigned the *7-value

of the parent term by analogy with Pd i. Two of the lines have been classified independently in the 1937 paper listed below. The quoted ionization potential may be in error by several

volts.

REFERENCES

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

L. Bloch, E. Bloch et N. Felici, J. Phys. Rad. [7] 8, 362 (1937). (C L)

I VIII I VIII

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

4d10 4d10 >S 0 0 5p *D° 3

2 5p *P° 2 4d»(2 D1H)5p 1 625880

4d*(J D2H)5p 1 608770

0

4d*(2 DiM) 5p 5p

1 P° 1 615060 I ix(*D 2k) Limit [1370370)

March 1953.
XENON

Xel

54 electrons Z=54

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p° 3d10 4s2 4p° 4d10 5s2 5p° X S0

5pe 'S0 97834.4 K I. P. 12.127 volts

The observations of Xe I extend from 926 A to 21048 A. Those in the infrared region

beyond the photographic limit are listed in the 1949 and 1952 references by Sittner and Peck,

and by Humphreys and Kostkowski, respectively. The ultraviolet observations have been

extended by Beutler to 926 A, i. e. beyond the limit, 1192 A, reached by Boyce.

The energy levels have been taken from an unpublished manuscript kindly furnished by

Edlen, who has made a critical study of the published papers on Xe i. Most of the levels are

listed in the extensive term array given by Humphreys and Meggers in 1933. Three-place

entries are from interferometric measurements. Predicted values, furnished by Edlen, are in

brackets.

The observed ^-values are from the 1941 paper, by Green, Hurlburt, and Bowman.

Pog&ny has also published a shorter list of ^-values.

The limit given by Boyce, 97834.4 K, has been used for the present compilation. The

other levels are relative to the absolute value of 6s[lK]2 =30766.353, adopted by Humphreys

and Meggers.

White has discussed the effect of autoionization on the appearance of higher series members

having the limit 2Poh- Beutler has observed a number of these lines in absorption. The

levels n$'[0K]°, n—8 to 12 and nd'flK] 0

, n—6 to 18, are from his paper. The separation of

the two limits 2P°^—3P°H as observed by Edl6n (1944) in Xe n is 10537.01 K.

The Paschen notation is entered in the first column of the table. The letters X, Y, T, Z,

U, V, and W, adopted when configurations involving /-electrons were found, are also included

in this column.

As for the other inert gases, Edlen has suggested a pair-coupling notation to take into

account the departure from ZN-coupling. By analogy with the other inert gas spectra, and

by taking into account the general run of the observed ^-values, the writer has assigned the

following provisional Z$-designations, although they have little, if any, significance in most

cases.

Paschen Desig. Paschen Desig. Paschen Desig.

(n-5)s5 ns 3 P2 3-7da 5- 9d 3 P5 3si'" 5d*D5

(n-5)s 4 ns s Pf 3-7ds 5- 9d*Pf 3s" 5d j D2 (n-5)sz ns 3 Po 3-7d3 5- 9d 3 P$ 3s'/' 5d 3 D|

(n-5)s 2 ns 1 P| 3-7di 5- 9dm 3s[ 5d 3 D!

3-9d4 5-1 Id 3 F|

2-4pio 6-8p

3Si 3-7d” 5- 9d 3 F2 4-6X 4-6/ 3 Dj

4-6/ 2-4p9 6-8p 3 D2 3 D2 3-7di 5- 9d J Fj 4-6Y

2-5ps 6-9p 3 D3 3-7di 5- 9d»Pl 4—6U 4-6/ 3 Dj

2-4p7 6-8p »Dj 4—6V 4—6/ j D2 2-5p« 6-9p»D2 2-5p6 6-9p*P0
114

Xe I—Continued

The JZ-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah is here adopted, and the

arrangement is similar to that used for Ne i, A I, and Kr i. Because of the wide interval of

the parent term, the high levels observed by Beutler might more appropriately be entered

after the first ionization limit, as has been suggested by Edlen. In the general form of presentation adopted in these Volumes for noble gas spectra they stand out so conspicuously,

however, that no exception in arrangement has been made for Xe i. REFERENCES

C. J. Humphreys, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 1041, RP 245 (1930). (T) (C L)

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 38, 1786, 2016 (1931). (E D)

E. Rasmussen, Dissertation, p. 50 (Copenhagen, 1932). (T) (C L)

C. J. Humphreys and W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 139, RP 521 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

H. Beutler, Zeit. Phys. 93, 177 (1935). (T) (C L)

B. Pogdny, Zeeman Verhandelingen, p. 336 (Martinus Nijhoff 1935). (Z E)

W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 14, 495, RP 781 (1935). (C L)

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 49, 730 (1936). (I P) (C L)

J. B. Green, E. H. Hurlburt, and D. W. Bowman, Phys. Rev. 59, 72 (1941). (Z E)

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61 , 537 (L) (1942). B. Edl6n, Ark. Mat. Astron. Fys. (Stockholm) 29A, No. 32 p. 1 (1943). (C L)

J. B. Green, Phys. Rev. 64, 151 (1943). (Z E)

B. Edl6n, Phys. Rev. 65, 248 (1944). B. Edl6n, unpublished material (November 1946). (T)

W. R. Sittner and E. R. Peck, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 474 (1949). (C L)

C. J. Humphreys and H. J. Kostkowski, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, 73 RP 2345 (1952). (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 71 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 30 (1955).

(Summary hfs) C. J. Humphreys and E. Paul, Jr., U. S. Naval Ord. Lab., NAVORD Report 4589, 25 (1956). (C L)

Xe l Xe

Paschen Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g Paschen Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g

Po 5p8 5p® *S 0 0. 0 3s 5p*(2 Pox)5d 5d' [134]° 2 91447. 99 1. 274

3s[ 1 93618. 75

1 s 6 5p5 (

2 Pfo) 6s 6s im° 2 67068. 047 1. 500 3sV

ft 5d' [2^]° 2 91158. 16

1 s 4 1 68045. 668 1. 204 3s'i' 3 91747. 070 1. 126

ls3 5p5 (

2 Po>1j)6s 6s' \m° 0 76197. 292 0/0

ls 2 1 77185. 560 1. 321 2s 6 5p5 (

2 Pi^)7s 7s [134]° 2 85189. 81

2s 4 1 85440. 53

2pto 5p5 (

2 Pfo)6p 6p [oy2] 1 77269. 649 1. 852 2s 3 5p5 (

2 P5h)7s 7s' o

o 0 95721. 46

2Po 2s 3 1 95801. 092 1. 308

1

6p [234] 2 78120. 303 1. 106

2p8 3 78403. 562 1. 336

2Pi

ft 6p [134] 1 78956. 538 1. 022

3pio 5p*(2 P?x)7p Ip [03d 1 87927. 652 1. 728

2p6 2 79212. 970 1. 379

3 p9 U

7P [234] 2 88352. 201 1. 123

2 p6

1

6p m] 0 80119. 474 0/0 3p8 3 88469. 732 1. 348

2P4 5p5

(

2 Po>*)6p 6p' [134] 1 88379. 647 0. 790 3p7 ft 7P [134] 1 88745. 081 0. 903

2p3 2 89162. 880 1. 195 3po 2 88687. 020 1. 347

2p2 ft 6p' 1 89279. 233 1. 552 3 p 6 ft 7P [0J4] 0 88842. 781 0/0 2Pi 0 89860. 538 0/0

3d 6 5p5 (

2 P!*)5d 5d o © 4d 9 5p5 (

2 Pfo)6d 6d

o © 3? 0 88491. 52

0 79771. 798 4d3 1 88550. 28

6d$ 1 79987. 16 1. 395

3&

3d4

ft 5d mr 4

3

80197. 16

80970. 93

4di 4d<

ft 6d W

o 4

3 88912. 195

89025. 39

3d3 ft 5d [134]° 2 80328. 28 1. 376 4d3 ft 6d [134]° 2 88708. 96

3d<i 1 88890. 47 4d3 1 90032. 65

3d" ft 5d [234]° 2 81926. 04 4d\ n 6d [23d° 2 89243. 75

6dx 3 82430. 72 4d\ 3 89535. 05
115

Xe I—Continued Xe I—Continued

Paschen Config. Desig. / Level Obs. g Paschen Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g

4sl 5ps

(

2 Pfo)6d 6d' [iy2]° 2 5ps 5p5 (

2 Pin)9p 9p m] 0 94286. 01 0/0

1 100418

[ 1 H1 ° 6d, 5p8 (

2 Plx)8d 8d

0 0 0 869 0/0

3$ 6 5p5

(

2 Pfo)8s 8s 2 90805. 045 1. 465 6d5 1 94228. 528 1 . 180

3s4 1 90982. 989 1 . 182

6d; tt 8d

0 CO s 4 94226. 835 1. 236

5p5 (

2 P8*)8s 8s' [oy2]° 0 6d4 3 94290. 785 1. 076

3s 2 1 101426

6da ft 8d [ 1 >*]° 2 94286. 168 1. 303

6d2 1 94685. 94 0. 914

4X 5p5

(2 Pf*)4/ 4/ [1>2] 1 90840. 300 0. 504

4Y 2 90849. 968 1. 11 6di'

ft 8d0 £i Si 2 94889. 949 0. 987

6d[ 3 94370. 504 1. 246

4T t r 4/ [4H1 5 90861. 18 4Z 4 90862. 03 5p«(2 Po*)8d 8dr im° 2

6s[ 1 105029

4U tt 4/ [234] 3 90907. 614 1 . 18 4V 2 90910. 583 0. 86

6X 5p6 (

J P!^)6/ 6/ [m 1 94735. 411 0. 50

4W 1

1

4/ [334] 3 90944. 55 6 Y 2 94737. 654 1. 09

4 90944. 65

6T

tt 6/ m] 5 94744. 73

6Z 4 94745. 17

4pio 5pH2 P!h)8p 8p [034] 1 92153. 809 1 . 801

6U

ft 6/ [ 2 >*] 3 94758. 58 1. 17

4p0 // 8p [234] 2 92221. 884 1. 103 6V 2 94760. 415 0. 87

4p8 3 92265. 470 1. 272

6W ft 6/ im 3 94769. 90

4Pi

tt 8p [134] 1 92333. 588 1. 036 4 94769. 99

4p 6 2 92371. 442 1. 395

4pfi tt 8p [03*] 0 92555. 659 0/0 5s 5 5p5 (

2 Pfc)10s 10s [m° 2 94760. 431 1. 512

5s i 1 94787. 603 1. 164

5da 5pH2 P!«)7d 7d 0 O 0 92260. 449 0/0 5p5

(

2 P5H)10s 10s'

0 0 0

5d5 1 92128. 795 1. 273 5s 2 1 [ 105316] 5di

tt 7d [334]° 4 92445. 434 1. 217

5d4 3 92646. 685 1 . 026 6pio 5p8 (

2 PiH)10p lOp [OH] 1 95154. 88

5d3 tt 7d [134]° 2 92722. 043 1. 196 6p#

ft lOp [2 y2] 2 95182. 17 5d2 1 92714- 555 0. 819 6Ps 3 95197. 04

5d\' tt 7d [2y2]° 2 92679. 032 1. 073 6p7

tt lOp [1H] 1 95216. 97

5d[ 3 92734. 107 1. 263 6p« 2 95230. 10 5pH2 P8«)7d 7d' [134]° 2 6ps ft lOp 0 95286. 57

5sx'

5pH2 P!n)5/

1 103419

7d0 5p8 (

2 P!H)9d 9d 0

0 0 95180. 107 0/0

5X 5/ [13*] 1 93363. 199 0. 50 7d6 1 95228. 918 1. 217

5Y 2 93366. 764 1. 10

7d'i tt 9d [3H]° 4 95250. 456 1. 237

5T ft 5/ [43*1 5 93378. 01 7di 3 95288. 628 1. 078

5Z 4 93378. 70

7d3 tt 9d [1>*]° 2 95274- 939 1. 298

5U tt 5/ [2>*] 3 93401. 96 1. 17 7d2 1 95498. 99 0. 899

5V 2 93404. 484 0. 87

7d[' tt 9d [2H]° 2 95818. 919 0. 980

5W tt 5/ [33*] 3 93421. 30 7di 3 95335. 225 1. 225

4 93421. 40

5»s (

2 Pfa)9<2 9d' [1H]° 2

7s[ 1 105965

4s 6 5p5 (

2 Pfo)9s 9s [13*1° 2 93398. 758 1. 496

4s 4 5pK2 Pox)9s 9s'

10

93422. 615 1. 154

7X 5p5

(

2 Pfn)7/ 7f [1H] 1 95561. 582

[03*]° 7Y 2 95563. 079

4s2 1 103954

7T ft 7/ [4>*] 5 95567. 65

5pio 5p5 (

2 PjH)9p 9p [03*1 1 94067. 46 7Z 4 95567. 99

5Pt

tt 9p [23*] 2 94110. 66 7U ft 7/ im 3 95576. 44

5p8 3 94135. 04 1. 307 7V 2 95577. 71

5p7 tt 9p [13*] 1 94169. 37 7W ft 7/ [3H] 3 95583. 59

5p<> 2 94190. 75 1. 386 4 95583. 67
116

Xe I—Continued Xe I—Continued

V

Paschen Config. Desig. d Level Obs. g Paschen Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g

6s j 5p8

(

2 Pfo) 11s 11s [1H]° 2 95579. 469 9X 5p5

(

2 P!*)9/ 9f [134] 1 96463. 14

6S4 1 95591. 48 1. 188 9Y 2 96463. 78

5p5 (

2 Po>$) 11s 11s' mr 0 9T // 9/ [434]

' N5 96466. 14

6s 2 1 106137 9Z 4 96466. 23

7pio 5p8

(2 Pi*)llp lip m] 1 [95831. 3] 9U // 9/ PHI 3 96470. 24

9V 2 96470. 90

7Pi

// lip im 2 [95849. 1] 7Vt 3 95858. 69 9W tf 9/ [334] 3,4 96473. 66

7Pi

// lip im 1 95871. 20

7Pt 2 95879. 91 8s 5 5p*(2P!x)13s 13s [1H]° 2 96472. 64

8s4 1 96481. 13

7pi // lip m] 0 95916. 04

5p5

(

2 PfH)13p 13p [234] 2

8di 5p8 (

2 Pi*)10d lOd mr 0 95896. 76 9p8 3 96607. 28

8dt 1 95913. 388

9Pt

1

13p [134] 1 8d[ // lOd [3 HI

0 4 95892. 702 9po 2 96617. 41

8d4 3 95912. 523 1. 081 9p5 // 13p [OH] 0 96634. 60

8dj // lOd [1H1° 2 95905. 108

8d, 1 96046. 28 10d„ 5p5 (

2 PIh) 12d 12d [0H1° 0 [96609. 5] 8d/ // lOd [2V2]° 2 95932. SI 10d5 1 96616. 73

8d[ 3 95947. 123

10di // 12d [3HJ° 4 96623. 31

8s[ 5p5

(2 P5*)10d 10d' [1H3° 2

10d4 3 96632. 14

1 106542 10dj U 12d [1H1° 2 96627. 59

10d3 1 96694 90

8X

8Y

5p5 (

2 Pjh)8/ 8/ [1H1 12

96096. 76

96097. 82 lOd'/

10d[

/ / 12d [2H1° 2

3 96641. 85

96649. 57

8T

8Z

rr 8/ [434] 54

96101. 11 96101. 26

10s[

5ps

(2 P5x) 12d 12d' UH10 2

1 107216

8U // 8/ PH] 3 96106. 82

8V 2 96107. 87 10X

10Y

5p‘(2 P!H)10/ 10/ [134] 12 } 96725. 0

8W n

8/ [334] 3 96111. 68

4 96111. 75 10T // 10/ im 5 96726. 98

10Z 4 96727. 07

7s 5 5p8 (

2 Pi*)12s 12s [134]° 2 96109. 73 10U ft 10/ [234] 3 96730. 00

784 1 96123. 28 10V 2 [96730. 5] 5p8 (

2 P5*)12s 12s' [034]° 0 10W n

10/ [3H1 3 [96732. 5] 7s 3 1 [106658]

5p8

(

2 Pfo)12p

9s 5 5p5 (

j P!h)14s 14s [1H1° 2 96731. 83

8pio 12p m] 1 [96280. 1] 9s4 1 [96737. 9] 8p* n

12p [234] 2 [96292. 6] 8pg 3 96299. 46 5p8

(

2 Plx)14p 14p P34] 2 10p8 3 96830. 65

8pr n12p [ 1 34] 1 96307. 37

8p» 2 96313. 40 ff 14p [134] 1 10p# 2 96837. 65

8Pi

// 12p [034] 0 96338. 33

9d8 5p8

(

2 PiH)lld

lid; 5p5 (

2 P!H)13d 13d [3H]° 4 96842. 64

lid mr 0 96305. IS lld4 3 96849. 10

9di 9d;

1 96315. 67

lid'/ // 13d [2H]° 2 96856. 08 n lid [3 34]° 4 96322. 06 lid; 3 96862. 02

9d4 3 96334 987 1. 082

5p8 (

2 P$*)13d 13d' [1H1° 2

9dj lid [134]° 2 96329. 13 lls,' 1 [107434)

9d2 1 96424. 28

9dV // lid [2nr 2 96348. 54 11T 5p8 (

2 Pix) 11/ 11/ [434] 5

| 96919. 72 9dj 3 96359. 07 11Z 4

9S[ 5p8

(2 Pfo)lld lid' [134]° 2 11U // 11/ [2H] 3 96922. 02

1 106939 2
117

Xe I—Continued Xe I—Continued

Paschen Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g Paschen Config. Desig. J Level

10s 6 5p8 (*PIh)15s 15s [iy2]° 2 [9692S. 6] 13SJ 5p5

(2 Pfo)15d 15d' [1H1° 2

1 1 107703

5p6 (*P!*)15p 15p [2 ft] 2

i4s; 5p5

(2 PSx)16d 16d' [1 y2]° 2

lips 3 96999. 2 1 107803

12d't 5ps (*PlH)14d 14d [3 y2]° 4 97007. 41

i5s; 5p«(*P5*)17d 17d' [1%]° 2

3 1 107870

5pHJ P5*)14d 14d> [iy2y 2

12sj 1 107582 5p8 (*Pfo)18d 18d' [134]° 2 i6S; 1 107938

Xe ii(j PJh) Limit 97834. 4 Xe ii(2 Poh) Limit 108371. 4

October 1956. Xe i Observed Levels*

Configuration

Is2 2s* 2p« 3s* 3p»

3d10 4s3 4p« 4d10 +

Observed Terms

5s* 5

p® 5p« *S

ns (n>6) np (n>6) nd (n>5) n/ (n>4)

5s* 5p5 (*P°)nx / 6-14s *P°

\ 6-9, 11s iP° 6-8p *S 6p *S 6-9p »P 6p »P 6-9p 3 D

6-9p *D

5-9d «P° 5-9d *P° 5d*D° 5-1 Id S F°

5d >D° 5-9d *F° 4-6/ »D

4-6/ »D

/1-Coupling Notation

Observed Pairs

ns (n>6) np (n>6) nd (n>5) nf (n>4)

5s* 5p5 (*Pfo)nx 6-14s [1*4]° 6-13p [0*4] 6-15p [2*4[ 6-14p [1*4]5-12d [0^1°

5-14d [3*4]° 5-12d [1%]°

5-13d [2*4]°

4-9/ [1H]

4-11/ [4J4] 4—11/ [234] 4-9/ m]

5s* 5p5 (*Pfo)nx' 6-9, lls'[0/2]° 6p'[l*4]

6p'[0J4] 5d'[2*4]° 5-12, 14-18d/ [l*4]° For predicted levels in the spectra of the Xe i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.
118

Xe II

(I i sequence; 53 electrons) Z=54

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4pQ 4d10 5s2 5p5 2P°^

5p52

Pi° H 171068.4 K I. P. 21.2 volts

The analysis is from Humphreys’ 1939 paper with the revisions suggested in the 1939

paper on Zeeman Effect by Humphreys, Meggers, and de Bruin. More than 660 lines have

been classified, including 20 in the ultraviolet from 740.406 A to 1244.756 A reported by

Boyce, in addition to Humphreys’ list, which extends from 2230.79 A to 10220.8 A.

EdKsn attributes a line fisted as Xe i at 9487.76 A to the forbidden transition giving

the interval of the ground term of Xe n, namely, 10537.01 K. He states that the line is due

to a magnetic-dipole transition and that the transition probability is 21 sec

-1

. The limit is “the approximate Rydberg limit of the s-electron series”, the absolute term

values being based on the 4P2^ series.

The ^-values in the table are from the paper by Humphreys, Meggers, and de Bruin,

and from Angenetter. For the most part, they are average values of the various observers.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

C. J. Humphreys, T. L. deBruin, and W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 6, 287, RP 275 (1931). (I P)

(T) (C L)

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 49, 730 (1936). (C L)

C. J. Humphreys, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 22, 19, RP 1164 (1939). (I P) (T) (C L)

C. J. Humphreys, W. F. Meggers, and T. L. de Bruin, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 23, 683, RP 1264 (1939).

(T) (C L) (Z E)

H. Angenetter, Zeit. Phys. 115, 309 (1940). (Z E)

B. Edl6n, Phys. Rev. 65, 248 (1944). (C L) A. G. Shenstone, Proc. Roy. Soc. [A] 219, 419 (1953).

Xe II Xe II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5

p

5 5p5 2 po iy2 0. 0 - 10537. 2

5s2 5p4 (3 P) 5d 5d

4 P 2X 106475. 17 -906. 58

475. 64 o/2 10587. 8 IX 107381. 75 0. 67

oy 106906. 11 1 . 79

5s 5p9 5p9 2 S ok 90873. 83 2. 02

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)5d 5d 2 D 1 X 107904. 50

1658. 65 1 . 20

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6s 6s 4 P 2/2 93068. 40 - 1995. -6093.

94

17

1 . 56 2X 109563. 15 1 . 33

1 X

oy2 95064. 34101157. 51

1 . 2. 38

43 5s2 5p4 (

x D)6s 6s' 2 D 2x 108007. 25 -4917. 45 1 . 22

ix 112924. 70 0. 95

5s2 5p4

(

3 P)5d 5d 4 D 3/2 95437. 60

40. -636.

-824.

92

76

70

1 . 38

2/2 95396. 68 1 . 34 5s2 5p4 (

x D)5d 5d' 2 D 1/2 111326. 93

1376. 65 1 . 24

ix

oy2 96033. 4496858. 14

1 . 0. 1850

2/2 112703. 58 1 . 13

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)5<2 5s2 5p4 (3 P)6p 6p 4 P° 2/2 111958. 84 166. 76

-1880. 77

1 . 47

5d

4 F 4x

3y2 2/2

99404. 90

98822. 66

101535. 65

582. -2712.24

99

1 . 1 . 3107

1/2 OK

111792.

118672. 0885

1 . 1 . 6150

1/2 5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6p 6p 4 D° 3x 118705. 88

193. 04 - 3270. 82

-3631. 76

1 . 40

2V2 118512. 29 1 . 28

5s2 5p4

(3 P)6s 6s 2 P 1 X

0 y2 102799. 06

104250. 06 -1451. 00 1 . 0. 59

56

1 X

0/2 116788. 120411

1187

1 . 0. 37

56

5s2 5p4

( 3 P)5<2 5d 2 P l X 105313. 33 -634. 21

1 . 15 5s2 5p4 (

x D)5<2 5d' 2 F 2/2 114751. 08

162. 88 1 . 10 oy2 105947. 54 1 . 36 3/2 114913. 96
119

Xe II—Continued Xe n—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5s2 5p4 0S)5d 5d" 2 D 2/2 1 K

119085. 50

124302. 18

-5216. 68

5° IK 139128. 84

70 IK 139182. 92

5s2 5p4

(

3 P)6p 6p

2S° ok 121179. 82 2. 08

9° IK 139498. 63

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6p 6p

4 S° 1 K 121628. 80 1 . 28

11 ° 2K 139646. 1 5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6p 6p

2 D° 2/2 123112. 50 -1177. 00 1. 39

iK 124289. 50 1. 32 13° OK 140011. 5

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6p 6p

2 P° iK 123254. 61 -1316. 41 1. 35 15° 2K 140030. 11 1 . 08

OK 124571. 02 1 . 16

17° OK 140185. 65

5s2 5p4 0S)6s 6s" 2 S OK 124070. 09

5s2 5p4 (

1 S)6p 6p" 2 P° IK 140210. 22

5

s

2 5p4 0D)5d 5d' 2 P OK 127010. 7

516. 7 OK

IK 127527. 4

19° IK 140335. 12

5s2 5p4 (

4 D)6p 6p' 2 F° 2K 128867. 19 1196. 84 0. 92

6d 3K 130061 03 1. 15 5s2 5p4

(

3P) 6d

4 P OK 140883. 4

3256. 8

-740. 8

2. 25

5s2 5p4 (

4 D) 5d 5d' 2 S OK 129248. 5 IK

2K

144140. 2

143399. 4

0. 83

1. 19

5s2 5p4 (*D)6p 6p' 2 P° IK 129667. 37 -2073. 72 1. 40 21 ° IK 140987. 0

OK 132741. 09 0. 71

5s2 5p4

(

3 P) 7s 7s 2 P IK 142382. 2 -547. 8

1. 59

5s2 5p4 (*D)6p 6p' 2 D° IK 131923. 76

273. 92 0. 90 OK 142930. 0 1. 05

2K 132207. 68 1. 20

23° IK 143469. 8

5s2 5p4 (

3P)7s 7s 4 P 2K 132518. 7 -670. 5 -1871. 7

1. 53

IK 133189. 2 1. 40 5s2 5p4

(

3 P)6d 6d 2 D 2K 144385. 0 -1555. 1

1 . 21 OK 135060. 9 2. 03 IK 145940. 1 1. 04

2 ok 132916. 9 5s2 5p4 (

3P)6d 6d 2 P IK

OK 145222. 7 0. 38

4 /oK

UK |l33454. 2

5s2 5p4 0D)7s 7

s' 2 D 2K

IK

146305. 4

149802. 4 -3497. 0

1. 30

6 2K 133915. 1 14 2K 146927. 8 0. 98

5s2 5p4 (*P)6d 6d 4 D 3K 135507. 2 -39. 8 — 161. 21. 39

2K 135547. 0 1. 33 25° IK 147518. 0

IK 135708. 2 1. 33

OK 27° 2K 147544. 6

16 IK 136509. 25 1. 68 29° IK 147568. 6

18 OK 136554. 17 0. 94 5s2 5p4 0D)6d' 6d' 2 D IK

2K

148085. 2 149697. 3

1612. 1

1. 07

8 2K 136569. 6 31° IK 148374. 9

5s2 5p4 (

3 P)6cZ 6d 4 F 4K

3K 136597. 7 -2496. 4 -546. 2

1. 14 33° IK 148952. 4 2K 139094. 1 1. 14 IK 139640. 3 1. 14 35° 2K 149281. 0

10 2K 136726. 5 37° 2K 149682. 7

1° IK 137269. 5 5s2 5p4 (*D) Qd 6d

f 2F 3K

2K 154032. 3

5s2 5p4 (

1 D)4/? 4

/' 2 G° 3K

4K 137318. 21 39° IK 156302. 9

5s2 5p4 (

J D)4/? 4/' 2F° 2K

3K

IK

137389. 18

137493. 75

138062. 8

104. 57

1 . 06

41° IK 157222. 1

12 1. 00 Xe iii(3 P3) Limit 171068. 4

20 OK 138726. 4 1. 86

3° 3K 139005. 4

January 1954,
Xe ii Observed Terms *

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s2 4pS 4^

10 -}- Observed Terms

5s2 5p5 5p

5 2po

5s 5

p

6 5p

6 2 S

ns (n > 6) np (n> 6)

5s

2 5p4 (

3 P) nx

{

6,7s 4 P

6,7s 2 P

6p

4 S°

6p

2 S°

6p

4 P°

6p

2 P°

6p

4 D°

6p

2 D°

5s2 5p4 0D)nx' 6,7s' 2 D 6p' 2 P° 6p' 2 D° 6p' 2 F°

5s2 5pi (

1 S)nx" 6s" 2 S 6p" 2 P°

nd (n > 5) nf (n> 4)

5s2 5p*(3 P)nx

{

5, 6d

4 P 5, 6d 4 D

5,6d

2 P 5, 6d

2 D

5, 6d

4 F

5

2 5p*(1 D)nx/ 5d' 2 S 5d' 2 P 5, 6d' 2 D 5, 6d’ 2 F 4f

2 F° 4f2 G°

5s2 5p4 (

1 S)nx" 5d" 2 D

* For predicted terms in the spectra of the 1 1 isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Xe III

(Te i sequence; 52 electrons) Z=54

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5

p

4 3P2

5p

i 3P2 259089 K I. P. 32.1 volts

The terms are from the 1936 paper by Humphreys, with the revisions introduced by

Humphreys, Meggers, and de Bruin from a study of the Zeeman effect, reported in 1939.

Humphreys lists nearly 300 classified lines between 2235.35 A and 7653.8 A. Boyce has

observed the Xe hi spectrum in the extreme ultraviolet, and in collaboration with Humphreys

has classified 128 lines between 627.393 A and 1978.702 A. “The most intense lines of the

(

4S) family have been classified by de Bruin”. Excepting one level, 6d

6D°, the terms found

by de Bruin are incorporated in the present analysis.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms. “ The absolute term values are arrived at from an estimation of the limit of the

5s2 5p3 (

4S)7id 5 D° series”, (n=5, 6).

Edlen has classified two lines whose wave numbers agree with the ground-level separations

of terms from 5s2 5p4

, giving the following intervals:

5p4 3P2 —5p

4 3Px=9794.6 K

5

p

4 8P2 -5p4

D2 =17098.97 K.

He attributes these forbidden lines to magnetic-dipole transitions. His value of the interval

3 P2 —3P! is quoted in the table.

For miscellaneous levels the designated published numbers have been retained in column

two, with the running electron added. The last six levels have “nx” substituted for the running

electron, since it is not known whether this electron is 6d or 7s.
121

Xe m—Continued

REFERENCES

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 49, 730 (1936). (I P) (C L)

C. J. Humphreys, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 16, 639, RP 898 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

C. J. Humphreys, W. F. Meggers, and T. 'L. de Bruin, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 23, 683, RP 1264 (1939).

(T) (C L) (Z E)

B. Edl6n, Phys. Rev. 65, 248 (1944). (C L)

Xe III Xe ill

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs .0 Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.0

5s* 5p4 5p

4 3 P 2

10

0 9795

8131

-9794. 6 1664

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6s 6s' 3 D° 12

3

133234. 28

134667. 49

138658. 28

1433. 21

3990. 79

0. 38

1. 18

1. 33

5s® 5p

4 5p4 iD 2 17100 5s2 5p3 (2 D°)5<2 5d' 41° 2 136367. 65 0. 90

5s2 5p

4 5p4 iS 0 37398 5s2 5p3 (

2 D°)5d 5d' 3 D° 1 138145. 61 3918. 88

1092. 05

0. 50

5s 5p5 3p°

2 1 4206

4

. 49 1. 12

5p

5 2 98263 -5306

-5890

3 143156. 54 1. 22

10 103569

109459 5s2 5p3 (

2 D°)5d 5d' 3 S° 1 140731. 23 1. 56

5s8 5p3

(

4S°)5d 5d «D° 4 5s2 5p3 (

2 D°)6s 6s' 1 D° 2 143048. 37 0. 96

32 111605. 46

111856. 34

-250. 88

-593. 51 -244. 01

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)5d 5d' 1 D° 2 145300. 39 0. 81

1 112449. 85

0 112693. 86 5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)6p 6p

6P 1 146781. 71

180. 89

2099. 00

2. 28

2 146962. 60 1. 70

5s 5

p

5 5p5 ipo 1 119026. 28 3 149061. 60 1. 57

5s2 5p3 (

4 S°)5d 5d 3D° 3 121229. 85 -3461. 87

2768. 69

5s2 5p3

(2 P°)5d 5d" 13° 1 147797. 64

2

1 124691. 72

121923. 03 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5<2 5d" 15° 2 148370. 28

5s8 5p3

(

4S°)6s 6s ®S° 2 121476. 00 1. 95 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5d 5d" 17° 3 148413. 09

5s8 5p3

(

4S°)6s 6s

3 S° 1 125617. 20 1. 77 5s2 5p3 (4 S°)6p 6p

3 P 0 152808. 36 -2507. 07

1756. 65

0. 00

5s® 5p3 (

2 D°)5d 5d' 3p° 4

12150301. 29

152057. 94

1. 59

1. 50

32

126120. 07

128349. 51 -2229. 44

5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5d 5d" 19° 2 150404. 68

5s8 5p3

(

2D°)5<2 5d' ip° 3 127782. 29 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°) 6s 6s" 3 P° 0 150505. 45 977. 15

2410. 81

0. 00

5s8 5p3 (®D°)5d 3 G°

1 151482. 60 1. 47

5d' 3 ISO174- 00

1986. 06 2 153893. 41 4 132160. 06

5 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)6s 6s" 1 P° 1 154639. 61

5s8 5p3

(

2 D°)5d 5d' iG° 4 132438. 59 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)5d 5d" 23° 2 158928. 29
122

Xe in—Continued Xe ill—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.p Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.0

5s2 5p3 (

2 D°)6p 6p' 3 D 1 158997. 10

3263. 00

4114. 12

5s2 5p3

(2 P°)6p 6p" 28 1 182134. 41

2

3

162260. 10 166374. 22

1 . 1 . 1722 5s2 5p3 (

4 S°)7s 7s *S° 2 182337. 31

bs2 5p3(2p°)5d 5d" 25° 1 159388. 29 5s

2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p 6p" 3 P 2

i 5s2 5p3

( 2 D°)6p 6p' 3 F 2 160691. 50

1903. 43

3960. 02

0. 84 0 183220. 15 3

4

162594. 93

166554. 95

1 . 1. 08

28 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p 6p" 32 1 184009. 37

5s2 5p

3(2 P

o )5d 5d" 27° 2 161810. 39 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p 6 p" 34 1 184570. 60

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6p 6 p' iF 3 164438. 80 1 . 09 5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p 6 p" 36 1 or 2 185888. 20

5s2 5p3

(2 D°)6p 6p' 4 1 164511. 82 0. 42 5s2 5p3(

4 S°)7s 7s »S° 1 188023. 28

5

2 5p3

(

2 D°)6p 6p' 3 P 0 166295. 67

1790. 48 - 1205. 94

5s2 5p3 (2D°) na; nx' 29° 2 195897. 58

12

168086. 15 166880. 211 . 1 . 30

38 // nx' 31° 2 195977. SO

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)4f'? 4

/' 6 4 166355. 52 1 . 31 n nx' 33° 2 or 3 196261. SO

5s2 5p3

(

2 D°)6p Qp' iD 2 171990. 00 1 . 08 n nx' 35° 2 or 3 196537. 90

5

2 5p3

(

2 P°)6p Qp" 3 D 3 173946. 80 -4009. 27

2724. 72

u nx' 37° 2 or 3 196608. 67

2

1 177956. 07

175231. 35

1 . 0. 1865 u nx' 39° 3 200050. 37

5s2 5p3 (

2 P°)6p

5

2 5p3

(

4 S°)6d

6 p"

6d

26 1 178029. 58 1 . 51

5 D° 4 1S2122. 97 -341. 27

-18. 51 -68. 38

-289. 66

Xe iv^S?^ Limit 259089

3 182464 24

2 182482. 75

10 182551. 13

182840. 79

October 1953.

Xe hi Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p9 4d10 +

Observed Terms

5s2 5p4

5s 5p

5

/ 5p4 3 P

l 5

p

4 »S 5p4 iD

/ 5p5 3 P°

\ 5p5 iP°

ns (n > 6) np (n >6) nd (n > 5)

5s2 5p3

(

4 S°)nx 6, 7s *S° 6p 6 P 5, 6d

5 D°

6, 7s 3 S° 6p

3 P bd 3 D°

5s2 5p3

( 2 D°)nx' 6s' 3 D° 6p' 3 P 6p' 3 D 6p' 3 F bd' 3 S° bd' 3 D° bd' 3 F° bd' 3 G°

6s' iD° 6p' iD 6p' iF bd' iD° bd' iF° bd' ‘G°

5s2 5p3

(

2 P°)nx" 6s" 3 P° 6p" 3 P 6p" 3 D

6s" >P°

, *For predicted terms in the spectra of the Te i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
123

Xe IV

(Sb i sequence; 51 electrons) Z=54

Ground state Is2 2s2 2^6 3s2 3 3d10 4s2 4

4

d

10 5s2 5p3

5p3 4S?* K I. P. volts

The analysis is by Humphreys, who has furnished the data in the table in advance of publication. His work is based on observations made by Boyce. There are 83 classified lines in the

interval 558 A to 1249 A.

Further observations are needed to extend the analysis. In cases where the observed

combinations do not determine the J-value, the two possible choices are indicated in column

three. No series are known in this spectrum.

REFERENCES

J. C. Boyce, unpublished material (1936). C. J. Humphreys, unpublished material (October 1953). (T) (C L)

Xe IV Xe IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5

p

3 5

p

3 4S° ik 0 OK 154532

5s2 5

p

3 5

p

3 2 D° IK 18268 4244 OK 157205?

2/2 17512

OK 158610

5s2 5p3 5

p

3 2 P° ok 28086? 13847

IK 41883? iK, 2K 159643

IK, 2K 99664 OK 161435

IK, 2K 106924 iK 163596

OK 109255 OK 165281?

IK 121929 iK 165995

IK, 2K 125475 0K 167208

IK 133027 IK, 2K 170132

IK, 2K 134981 iK, 2K 170491

IK, 2K 136495 IK 173221

IK 145107 IK, 2K 176043

IK, 2K 146205 IK, 2K 179001

IK, 2K 148684 iK, 2K 186052

January 1956.
CESIUM

Csl

55 electrons Z=55

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3pQ 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s

2 5p6 6s

2S0h

6s 2S0H 31406.71 K I. P. 3.893 volts

A number of references have been used to derive the best available level values from

the separate sets of wavelength measurements, starting with the ground state zero. For the

principal series and the limit quoted above, the results of Kratz are quoted. He has observed

this series in absorption to n—73. McNally and his associates have also carried the observations of this series in absorption to n= 62, and give the limit as 31406.32 K. For the 2D

series Mack has furnished his unpublished observations of the forbidden lines 6s 2S —nd 2D(ti= 9

to 21), for inclusion here. The work of Meissner and Weinmann has provided data for some

2D, 2S terms and for the 2F° series. Meggers’ observations furnish revised values for 6p2 P°

and 6d

2D.

The well-known series from Fowler and Paschen-Gotze are given by Bacher and Goudsmit.

Their terms that still need to be re-evaluated from more accurate observations have been

rounded off in the table, namely, 11, 12s 2S; 5, 6gr 2 G; and Qh 2H°. New measurements in

the near infrared furnished by Fisher in advance of publication, give the connection of the

5d 2D and nf 2F° terms with the rest of the terms, and the quoted value of 7s 2S. Beutler and Guggenheimer have classified 53 ultraviolet lines observed in absorption,

between 653.60 A and 1007.5 A, as transitions from the ground term to levels above the ionization limit. The high limits are from the Cs n analysis. These authors have classified four

groups of lines called A, B, C, D, having the respective limits in Cs n 3Pg, 3 P°, 3 Pq, and

The value of the limit they use for group C (

3 P°), 150870K, has since been replaced in Cs n

by one at 153772 K. The writer has, therefore, attempted to adjust the series for group C

by assuming that their first series members 5d and 7s are correct as given, and adopting the

best available lines that fit the revised limit. Consequently, their level at 142577 K is now

labeled 6d7 instead of 8s; their level at 139694 K, formerly called 6d, has been rejected; and

the 8s level is tentatively placed at 144501 K. The miscellaneous levels, which are the wave

numbers of the observed ultraviolet lines, have been assigned numbers by the writer. The

double entries of J for these levels (unlike those for unresolved terms) indicate that the

existing data are insufficient to determine which value of J is correct. The ground state 6s 2S0h has a hyperfine structure with a separation of about 0.30 K

observed by Kratz from 7 to 72p 2P°. Mack has also observed it in the 6s 2 S—nd 2D observations from 71=9 to 15. More than 200 lines are classified between 653.60 A and 7.4 ju-
125

Cs I—Continued

REFERENCES

K. W. Meissner, Ann. der Phys. [4] 65, 378 (1921). (T) (C L) A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 106 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren, p. 63 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (I P) (T)

(C L) R. F. Bacher and S. Goudsmit, Atomic Energy States, p. 171 (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York and

London, 1932). (T)

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 674, RP 558 (1933). (C L)

H. Beutler und K. Guggenheimer, Zeit. Phys. 88, 25 (1934). (T) (C L)

H. Kopfermann und H. Kruger, Zeit. Phys. 102, 527 (1936). (hfs) K. W. Meissner und W. Weinmann, Ann. der Phys. [5] 29, 758 (1937). (T) (C L) N. Tsi-Z6 and C. Shang-Yi, Phys. Rev. 54, 1045 (1938). (Pressure shift) S. Millman and P. Kusch, Phys. Rev. 58, 438 (1940). (hfs)

J. R. McNally, Jr., J. P. Molnar, W. J. Hitchcock, and N. F. Oliver, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 57 (1949). (I P)

(T) (C L)

D. Harting and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 14, 669 (1949). (Z E)

H. R. Kratz, Phys. Rev. 75, 1844 (1949). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, unpublished material (1949). (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) R. A. Fisher, unpublished material (February 1954). (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 30 (1955).

(Summary hfs)

Cs I Cs

I

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5p8 (

x S) 6s 6s 2 S 0}4 0. 00 5p6

(

1 S)10s 10s 2 S 0)4 28300. 28

5p6

(

x S)6p 6p 2 po oy2 11178. 24 554. 11 5p8 (

x S)6/ 6/ 2 F° 3)4 28829. 660 -0. 102 iy2 11782. 85 2)4 28829. 762

S)5d 5d

2 D i y

2)4 14499. 490

14597. 08 97. 59 5p6 OS)60 6g

2 G 3)4, 4)4 28347

5p8 (

x S)6/i 6h

2 H° 4)4, 5)4 28356

5p8 0S)7s 7s 2 S oy2 18535. 51 5p8 (

x S)7p

5p8 (»S)10p 10p 2 P° 0)4 28727. 09

26. 84

7P

2 p° oy2 21765. 65

181. 01 1)4 28753. 98

1)4 21946. 66

5p8

(

1 S) 6d 6d 2 D 134 22588. 89

42. 94

5p6

(

1 S)9d 9d 2 D

1)

4

2)

4 28828. 90

28836. 06 7. 16

5p8 (

J S)8s

2 y2 22631. 83

5p*(1 S)lls 11s 2 S 0)4 29130

8s 2 S 0)4 24317. 17 5p8 (

1 S)4/

5p8

(

1 S)7/ 7f 2F° 3)4 29148. 156 -0. 069

4

/

2p° 3y2 24472. 287 -0. 176 2)4 29148. 225

5p8 0S)8p

2y2 24472. 463

5p8

(

1 S)llp lip 2 P° 0)4 29403. 68

17. 42

8P

jpo oy2 1/2 25709. 14

25791. 78 82. 64 1)4 29421. 10

5p8

(

1 S) 7d

5pe

(

1 S) lOd lOd 2 D 1)4 29468. 54

4. 68 7d

2 D 1/

2)4 26047. 86

26068. 83 20. 97 2)4 29473. 22

5pfl (

1 S) 9s 5p8 CS)12s 12s 2 S 0)4 29666

9s 2S 0)4 26910. 68

5p8 0S)5/ 5/ apo

3)4 2)4 26971. 415

26971. 562 -0. 147

5p8

(

x S)8/ 8/ 2 F° 3)4

2)4 29678. 985

29678. 979 -0. 044

5p8 0S) 5g 5p8

(

1 S)12p 12p 2 P° 0)4 29852. 85

11. 87

5g 2 G 3)4, 4)4 27010 1)4 29864. 72

5p8 (

x S)9p 9p

apo 0)4 27687. 29

44. 67 5p6

(

1 S)lld lid 2 D 1)4 29896. 64

3. 25

1)4 27681. 96 2)4 29899. 89

5p8 (

1 S) Sd 8d 2 D 1)4 27811. 25

11. 69 5p8 0S)9f 9/ 2 F° 3)4 80042. 515 -0. 025

2)4 27822. 94 2)4 80042. 540
126

Cs I—Continued Cs I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5p8 (*S)13p 13p 2 P° ok SO166. 00

8. 51 5p6 (

: S)24p 24p 2po OK, IK 31144. 13

iK

ik

SOI 74. 51 5p8

(

1 S)25p 25p

2po OK, iK 81168. 04

5p8

(

1 S)12d 12d2 D 30197. 02

2. 33

2/2 30199. 35 5p8 (

1 S)26p 26p

2po OK, iK 81188. 87

5p8 (‘S)10/ 10/ 2 F° 3/2

2/2 80302. S8S

30S02. 890 -0. 007 5p6

(

1 S)27p 27p

2po OK, iK 31207. 07

5p6

(

1 S)28p 28p 2po OK, iK 81223. 09

5p6 0S)14p 14p 2 P° oy2 S0393. 16

6. 33

1/2 80399. 49 5p6 (

1 S)29p 29p

2po OK, iK 81237. 24

5p6

(

1 S)13d 13d 2 D ik

2/2 30416. 06

30417. 76 1. 70 5p6

(

1 S)30p 30p 2po OK, iK 81249. 81 5p8

(

1 S)31p 31p 2p° OK, iK 81261. 05

5p6

(

1 S)ll/ 11/ 2 F° 3k, 2/2 oy2

30494. 59

5p6

(

1 S)32p 2po 32 p OK, iK 81271. 13

5p6

(

1 S)15p 15p 2 P° 30563. 27

4. 71 IK 80567. 98 5p OK, IK 6

(

1 S)33p 33p

2po 81280. 17

5p6 0S)14d! 14d 2 D !K 30580. 46

1. 33 5p6

(

1 S)34p 34p 2po OK, IK 81288. 86

2K 30581. 79

5p6

(

1 S)35p 35p

2p° OK, iK 31295. 76

5p8

(

1 S) 12/ 12/ 2 F° 3K, 2K

OK

80640. 93

5p8

(

1 S)36p 2 po 36p OK, iK 81302. 51

5p8 0S)16p 16p 2 P° 80693. 76

3. 76 IK 30697. 52 5p OK, iK 6

(

1 S)37p 37p

2po 81808. 61 5p«(}S)15d 15d 2 D IK

2K

30707. 11 30707. 96 0. 85 5p6

(

1 S)38p 38p 2p° OK, iK 81314. 21 5p8

(

1 S)39p 39p 2po OK, iK 81319. 89

5p8 (‘S) 17p 17p 2 P° OK 30796. 20

2. 95

IK 30799. 15 5p OK, iK 8

(

1 S) 40p 40p 2po 81824. 11 5p6 (

1 S)16d 16d 2 D IK 30806. 59

0. 6 5p8

(

1 S)41p 41p 2 po OK, iK 81828. 47

2K 30807. 2 5p«(iS)18p 18p 2 P° OK 30878. 07

2. 34

5p0 OS)42p 42p 2 po OK, iK 81882. 47

IK 80880. 41 5p8

(

1 S)43p 43p 2po OK, iK 81886. 19

5p6

(

1 S)17c? 17d 2 D IK, 2K 30886. 7 5p8

(

J S) 44p 44p 2 po OK, IK 81889. 67

5p8 (

1 S)19p 19p 2 P° OK 30944- 49

1. 94

IK 30946. 43 5p OK, IK 8

(

1 S)45p 45p 2p° 31342. 84

5p8 0S) lSd 18d 2 D IK, 2K 30951. 5 5p8

(

1 S)46p 46p 2p° OK, IK 81845. 80

5p8 0S)20p 20p 2 P° OK

IK

80999. 15

81000. 74

1. 59 5p6

(

1 S)47p 47p 2 po OK, iK 31848. 58

5p8

(

1 S)19d 19d 2 D IK, 2K 31005. 0 5p«(1 S)48p 48p 2p° OK, iK 81351. 18

5p6 (

1 S)21p 21p 2 P° OK 81044• 63

1. 37 5p6

(

1 S)49p 49p 2p° OK, iK 81858. 57

5p8 (*S) 20d 20d 2 D

IK

IK, 2K

81046. 00

5p8 (

1 S)50p 50p 2po OK, iK 31355. 85

31049. 5 5p0 OS)22p 22p

2 P° OK, IK 81084. 08 5p6

(

1 S)51p 51p 2p° OK, iK 81357. 96

5p8 0S)21d 21d 2 D IK, 2K 31086. 7 5p8 (

I S)52p 52p

2p° OK, iK 81859. 95

5p8 0S)23p 23p 2 P° OK, IK 31116. 40 5p8

(

1 S)53p 53p

2 po

OK, iK 81861. 80
127

Cs I—Continued Cs I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5p6 (1 S)54p 54p 2po oH, i H 31863. 60 5p5 6s(3 P|)7s 7s 2po 1 H 128498 -707

5p5 6s(3 P|)7s OH 124205

5p°(1S)55p 55p

2po 0H, 1 % 31365. 23 5p5 6s(3 Pi)5d 5d 7° IH 124804

5pe pS)56p 56p 2po ox, i y2 81366. 78 5p5 6s(3 Pf)7s 7s <po IH 125026

5p6 (1 S)57p 57p

2po oy2 , iy2 81868. 81 5p5 6s(3 P2)6d 6d 8° OH, IH 126203

5p6 (x S)58p 58p

2p° OH, 1H 31369. 69

5p5 6s(3 P!)6(i 6d 9° OH, IH 126488

5p6 0S)59p 59p

2po OH, ih 81370. 96 5p5 6s(3 P|)6d 6 d 10° OH, IH 127426

5p8 OS)60p 60p

2po OH, 1H 81872. 26

5p5 6s(3 Pi)6d 6d 11° OH, IH 127868

sp^sjeip 61 p 2 po

OH, i H

81378. 43 5p5 6s(3 P£)6d 6d 12° OH, IH 127973

5p6 (x S)62p 62p

2p° OH, iH 81371 56

5p5 6s(3 Po)5d 5d' 4p° 1H 180829

5p6 0S)63p 63p

2po OH, IH 81375. 62 5p5 6s(

x Pi)5d 5d' 2p° IH 180527

5p6 (x S)64p 64p

2p° OH, i H 81376. 62 5p5 6s(3 Pj)8s 8s 2p° OH 181211

5p6 (x S)65p 65p

2po OH, IH 81877. 59

5p5 6s(3 P!)6d 6d 13° OH, IH 181256

5p6 (x S)66p 66p

2po OH, i H

81378. 56

5p5 6s(3 P0 8s 8s 4 po IH 131504

5p8 (x S)67p 67p

2p° OH, IH 81379. 46 5p5 6s(3 P|)7d 7d 14° OH, IH 131826

5p8 ( x S)68p 68p

2p° OH, i H

31880. 29 5p5 6s(3 Ps) 7d 7d 15° OH, IH 182550

5p8 (1 S)69p 69p

2p° OH, iH 31881. 08 5p5 6s(3 Pj)7d 7d 16° OH, IH 182706

5p8 0S)70p 70p

2p° OH, IH 31881. 87

5p5 6s(3 P2)9s? 9s 2po IH 138564

5p8 0S)71p 71p

2p° OH, IH 81382. 67

5p3 6spP05d 5d’ 17° IH 183906

5p8 (1 S)72p 72p

2p° OH, iH

81883. 28

5p5 6s(1 Pi)5d 5d' 18° OH 134212

5p8 (x S)73p 73p 2 po

ov2 , IH 31383. 65

5p5 6s (3 Pi) 8t2 5p5 6s(3 Pi) 9s? 5p5 6s(3 Pi)8c2

5p5 6s(3 Pg)7s 8d

9s 19° 20° }oH, IH 134614

Cs npSo)

5p5 (3 Pl)6s2

Limit 31406. 71 8d 21° OH, IH

OH

135014

6s2 2po 1 H 99259 -9810 7s' 4 po 135164

5p5 (x P!)6s2 OH 109069

5p5 6s(3 Pi)10s 10s 2 po IH? 135822

5p5 6s(3 Pl)5e2 5d 1° IH 113491 5p5 6s(3 Pl)12s? 12s 2po 1 H }l86855

5p8 6s(3 Pi)5d 5d 2° OH 114560 5p5 6s(3 Pj)lls? 11s 22° OH, IH

5p5 6s(3 P|)5d 5d 3° OH 117539 5p5 6s(3 Pl)13s 13s 2 po iH 137297

5p5 6s(3 Pi)5d 5d 4° IH 117707 5p5 6s(3 P?)12s? 12s 23° OH, IH 137541

5p5 6s (3 Pl) 5d 5d 5° IH 118574 5p5 6s(iP!)7s 7s' 2p° OH

iH

137794

138803 1009 5ps 6st3 Pl)5d 5d 6° oh 122653 Cs n(3 Pl) Limit 138799
128

Cs i—Continued Cs i—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

Cs n(3 P?)

5p

s 6s(3 Po)6d?

5p6 6s(1 P;)6d

Limit 189812

6d' 4 P°

6d' 24° 0/2 0K, iK } 142577

5ps 6sOP?)6d 6d' 25° 0K, 1/2 148691

5p5 6sOP?)6d 6d' 26° ok, iy2 143877

5p5 6s(3 P§)8s? 8s' 4 p° OK 144501

5p5 6s OP?) 8s 8s' 2p° 0k? 146302

5p

6 6sOP?)7d 7d' 27° 0k, 1/2 147628

5p® 6sOP?)7d 7d' 28° 0H, 1 H 147994

5ps 6s(1 P?)7d 7d' 29° OK, IK 148288

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5

p

5 6s OP?) 9s 9s' 2 P° OK 149896

5p® 6sOP?)8d 0 OO CO 0 OK, iK 150404

5p« 6spP?)9d 9d' 31° OK, iK 151551

5p5 6sOP?)9d 9d' 32° OK, iK 151744

5p® 6s OP?) 11s 11s' *P° ok 151925

5p5 6sOP?)10d 10d' 33° OK, iK 152268

5p5 6s OP?) lid lid' 34° OK, iK 152722

5p6 6sOP?)12d? 12d' 35° OK, iK 152999

Cs ii(3 P6) Limit 158772

Cs 11 OP?) Limit 154273

February 1955.

Cs II

(Xe i sequence ; 54 electrons) Z=55

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4cP 5s2 5

p

6 'S0

5p6 'So 202263 K I. P. 25.1 volts

The analysis of Cs n was started by Sommer in 1924 and has since been revised and ex- tended by Sawyer and his associates. There are nearly 350 classified lines, and the observations

extend from 564.25 A to 6955.519 A.

The levels listed in the table are from the 1942 paper, which contains an array of the

observed combinations. From the descriptions of the lines given in the various papers, including that in the 1942 paper on “The Hyperfine Structure of Cs n”, and, by analogy with

Xe i, the writer has tentatively assigned the t/Z-coupling notation to levels from the 6, 7s, 5,6d,

and 6,7p configurations. These assignments need further confirmation and are far from definitive. Trees has pointed out that configuration-interaction is prominent in this spectrum;

consequently, further assignments of the pair-coupling notation are very difficult. The

numbers used by Wheatley and Sawyer to label the many levels have, therefore, been retained

in column 1 of the table.

The limit is from Boyd and Sawyer, who derived it by means of a Rydberg formula from

the two-member series 5

p

6 'So— ns' [0K]°, n= 6,7. The higher member of the limit term has

been obtained by adding the interval of the ground term of Cs hi, 13884 K, to the limit quoted

above.

REFERENCES

0. Laporte, G. R. Miller, and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 39 , 458 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. Olthoff and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 42, 766 (1932). (T) (C L)

M. A. Wheatley and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 61, 591 (1942). (T) (C L) R. A. Boyd and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 61, 601 (1942). (I P) (hfs)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)
129

Cs n Cs ii

Authors

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5p

6 5p6 0 0. 00 23! 1 156399. 31

35 5p5

(

2 P!*)6s 6s [1K]° 2 107S92. 83 241 2 158717. 91

5! 1 107905. 01

255 0 162852. 92

135 5p5

(

2 PSh) 6s 6s' [0K]° 0 122865. 51

14! 1 122866. 03 261 3 162388. 96

291 2 164444. 88

45 5pK2 Phs)5d 5d [0K]° 0 107563. 11> 2! 1 106222. 77 30! 1 164466. 70

65

// 5d [1K]° 2 10830It. 19 31! 5pK2 P!*)7d, 1 164656. 77

71 1 110945. 18

32! 5pK2 P^)8s, 1 165818. 70

85

// 5d [3K]° 4 112236. 53

1| 3 105949. 74 33J 5pK2 P5*)6d 1 165848. 10

95

// 5d [2K]° 2 112795. 08 341 2 165890. 08

101 3 113716. 61

35! 3 166117. 72

115 5p5(2poH) 5(i 5d' [1K1° 2 119665. 41

15! 1 123686. 44 361 2 166131. 11

125 // 5d' [2 K]° 2

Q 120404. 87 37§ 3 166600. 74

381 2 166687. 09

li 5p5 (

2 Pf*)6p 6p [OK] 1 126518. 54

22 // 6p [234] 2 128089. 83 391 2 166961. 57

33 3 129107. 65

401 3 167015. 97

4i

// 6p [IK] 1 129989. 72

52 2 130766. 00 41! 1 167434- 91

60 n

6p [OK] 0 133153. 54 425 0 168721. 56

7i 5pK2 P5*)6p 6v' [IK] 1 141555. 59 43! 1 169813. 40

92 2 143394. 19

441 5pK2 Pf*;)8d, 2 169588. 87

81 n 6p' [OK] 1 143352. 12

10o 0 144523. 45 45! 5p5

(

s P!x)9s, 1 170363. 90

46! 5p5

(

2 P5*)7d, 2 170504. 28

161 5p*(2 Pi*)7s 7s [1K]° 2 149212. 25

1 471 5p5(’P5H)8s 3 172544- 21

275 5p5

(2 Poh)7s MCo 0

0 0 16802

4

. 80 48| 3 172826. 52

28! 1 168180. 20

495 0 173244. 21 5p5 (

2P!h)6d 6d [0K]° 0 50! 1 173887. 00

17! 1 149605. S3

51! 1 175951. 42

193 n 6d [1K]° 2 152791. 49

18! 1 152172. 11 5pK2 Pl*)10s 10s [1K]° 2

52J 1 177243. 50

// 6d [3V2]°? 4

221 3 153678. 17 272 2 188791. 09

205 // 6d [2 K]°? 2 158802. 27 262 2 191002. 05

211 3 153556. 54

25, 3 191103. 04

111 5?5 (

2 P!«)7p 7p [OK] 1 155965. 45 242 2 192475. 51 5pK2 P!n)nf

122 7p [2K] 2 156115. 18 233 3 192530. 62

13j 3 156513. 16

21, 1 192675. 63

15i

// 7P [IK] 1 157062. 46

142 2 156757. 30 22, 3 197642. 3

160 n

7p [OK] 0 157743. 28 203 3 200406. 90

17! 5p5 (

2 P§*)7p 7p' [IK] 1 166096. 39

192 2 168525. 71 Cs iii(j P!*] Limit 202263

18, // 7p' [OK] 1 167453. 71

0 Cs iii(2 Poh) Limit 216147

January 1954.
130

Cs ill

(I i sequence; 53 electrons) Z=55

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 410 5s2 5p5 2P^H

5p

h 2P?H K I. P. volts

This spectrum needs further study. Fitzgerald and Sawyer have classified 17 lines

between 529.7 A and 877.9 A as combinations of the ground term with higher energy levels. By analogy with Xen the writer has labeled the third level in the table as 5p6 2S. The re- maining “even” levels are probably from the 5s

2 5

p

4 5

and 5s2 5p

i 6s configurations.

From a study of screening constants Finkelnburg and Humbach have extrapolated an ionization potential of 34.6 ±0.7 volts.

REFERENCES

M. A. Fitzgerald and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 46, 576 (1934). (T) (C L)

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P)

Cs III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5p

5

5s 5pB

5p

5 2 P°

5p

6 2S O

OH 0

18884

127786

136146

138453

145655

155040

167872

181758

182546

188794

- 13884

January 1955.
BARIUM

Ba I

56 electrons Z=56

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3cP4s2 4^6 4d10 5s2 5pG 6s2 J S0

6s2 »So 42032.4 K I. P. 5.210 volts

The Ba i spectrum, like those of Ca i and Sr i, has contributed an important share in

the development of the theory of atomic spectra. Russell and Saunders in 1925 included

Bai in their discussion of terms involving two excited electrons in addition to the “regular”

series. White discusses these terms further in his paper on “Auto-Ionization in the Alkaline

Earth Metals and the Inert Gases.”

The “regular” terms have been taken from Saunders, Paschen-Gotze, and Fowler, with

the revisions suggested by Shenstone and Russell in 1932. The limit is also from this later

paper, which discusses in detail the perturbed series of Bai. Whitelaw, Langstroth, and

others have also investigated perturbations in this spectrum.

Sullivan and Burns have improved a number of the energy-level values from their accurate

interferometric measurements of Ba i. With these as a start, the writer has prepared a line

list and multiplet array, and revised the decimals of the remaining values for inclusion

here. In the long-wave region she has utilized Meggers’ 1933 data supplemented by his 1935

unpublished observations. Russell’s unpublished material (1933) has also been placed at her

disposal for this work. In this revised list there are approximately 390 classified lines between

2473 A and 30934 A. Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet

s}7stems of terms.

The writer has derived the ^-values in the table from the Zeeman observations given

by B. E. Moore. The measurements published by Moore (AX/X2

) have been divided by the

factor 1.09 throughout, a correction factor adopted to reduce them to the theoretical Lande

patterns for a few very well-known lines. For unresolved patterns the formulas for blends

given by Shenstone and Blair, as discussed by Russell (1930), have been used.

A monograph on Bai is needed. The existing data are not homogeneous, even though

the spectrum is well analyzed. The complete analysis is given in the 1955 Bureau reference

below.

REFERENCES

B. E. Moore, Ann. der Phys. [4] 35, 309 (1908). (Z E)

F. A. Saunders, Astroph. J. 51 , 23 (1920). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. Paschen und R. Gdtze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren p. 90 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (I P) (T)

(C L)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 133 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

H. N. Russell and F. A. Saunders, Astroph. J. 61, 38 (1925). (I P) (T) (C L) H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 36, 1590 (1930).

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 38, 2016 (1931). A. G. Shenstone and H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 39, 415 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L) N. G. Whitelaw, Phys. Rev. 44, 544 (1933). G. O. Langstroth, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 142, 286 (1933).

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 680, RP 558 (1933). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, unpublished material (1935).

F. Sullivan and K. Burns, Science Studies 9, No. 3, 7 (1941). (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. N. Russell and C. E. Moore, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 55, 299, RP2633 (1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 30 (1955).

(Summary hfs)
132

Ba I Ba I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval 6s2 6s2 *S 0 0. 00 6s(2 S)8p 8p 1 P° 1 35892. 518

6s (2 S) 5d 5<Z 3 D 1 9033. 985 181 533 0. 53 5d(2 D)6d 6d' 3 G 3 35894. 28 454 70 23

9215. 518

9596. 551 381. 033 1. 18

1. 38 45 36348. 98

36837. 50 488! 52

6s (2 S) 5d 5d *D 2 11395. 382 1. 00 5ci(2 D)6d 6d' 3 D 1 35933. 825

266. 598

428. 45

6s(2S)6p 6p 3 P° 0 12266. 021 870 23 36200. 423

36628. 87 1 12636. 616

878. 122 1. 45 2 13514. 738 1. 52 5d(2 D)6d 6d' *F 3 36165. 311

6s(2 S)6p 6v ‘P° 1 18060. 264 1. 02 5<2(2 D)7p 7p' 3 F° 2 36234- 858 9.7fi 4.08

5<2(2 D)6p 6p' 3 F° 2 22064. 661 882 777 34

36511. 266

37132. 084

620. 818 3 22947. 488 809. 639 5d(2 D)6d 6d' 3 4 23757. 077 S 1 36446. 583 5d2 5cP *D 2 23062. 06 5d(2 D)7p 7

p' S D° 1 36495. 770 567 54

5<i(2 D)6p 6

p' 1 D° 2 23074- 416 23 37063. 31

37540. 238 476. 93

5d2 5^ 3 P 0 23209. 11

270. 90

438. 93

5d(2 D)6d 6d' »P 1 36902. 55 12

23480. 01

23918. 94 5d(2 D)7p 7

p' 3 P° 0 36908. 01 82 01

5d(2 D)6p 6p' 3 D° 1 24192. 057 33Q 47Q 0. 54 12

36990. 016

37282. 08 292. 06 23

24531. 536

24979. 859 448. 323 1. 16

1. 32 6s(2S)8s 8s 0 37041. 00

5<2(2 D)6p 6

p' 3 P° 0 25642. 157 fil Q83 5d(2 D)7p 7

p' 1 D° 2 37077. 50 1 25704. 140 252. 409 1. 52

5d( 2 25956. 549 1. 52 2 D)6d 6d' 3 F 2 37088. 844 415. 18

228. 21

6s(2 S)7s 7s 3 S 1 26160. 284 34

37504. 02

37732. 23

5d(2 D)6p 6

p' ‘F0 3 26816. 293 1. 09 6s(2 S)9s 9s 3 S 1 37095. 492

6s(2 S)7s 7s 0 28230. 08 6s(2 S)5/ 5f

iF° 3 37282. 175

5d(2 D)6p 6

p' J P° 1 28554. 257 1. 02 6s(2 S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 2 37394. 925

24. 042

6s(2 S)6d 6d J D 2 30236. 815 34

37418. 967

37524. 184

105. 217

6s(2 S)6d 6d 3 D 1 30695. 594

55. 075

67. 441

6s(2 S)7d 7d iD 2 37434. 956 2 30750. 669 1. 11 3 30818. 110 1. 32 5d(2 D)6d W 3 P 0 37675. 84 847 88

6s(2 S)7p 7p 3 P° 0 30743. 533

72. 029

171. 715 12

38023. 22

38267. 67

244. 45 12

30815. 562

30987. 277 5d(2 D)7p 7

p' iF° 3 37739. 95

6s(2 S)7p 7p !P0 1 32547. 076 1. 07 6s(2 S)9p 9p iP° 1 37774- 50

5d(2 D)7s 7

s' 3 D 1 32804. 99

138. 61

582. 81

5d(2 D)6d 6d' iD 2 37837. 40 23 32943. 60

33526. 41 6s(2 S)8d 8d 3 D 1 37961. 919 12 272

5<i(2 D)7s 7s' J D 2 33795. 84 23

37974. 191

37988. 485 14. 294

6s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 33905. 349 5d(2 D)6d 6d' iG 4 38177. 10 6 p2 6p2 *S 0 34370. 78 6s(2 S)9s 9s J S 0 38267. 59 6p* 6p2 3 P 0 34493. 898

329. 522

793. 527

5d(2 D)7p 7

p' 1 P° 1 38499. 852 12

34823. 420

35616. 947

1. 53

1. 56 6s (2 S) Sd 8d !D 2 38556. 18

6s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3 F° 2 34602. 802

13. 881

14. 126

0. 69 6s(2 S)10s 10s 3 S 1 38662. 91 3 34616. 683 1. 09 4 34630. 809 1. 48 6s(2 S)6/ 6f 3 F° 2 38815. 735 2 683

6s(2 S)4/ 4/ !F° 3 34736. 423 0. 99 34

38818. 418

38825. 265 6. 847 6p2 6p* !D 2 35344. 423 1. 21 6s(2 S)6/ 6f

iF° 3 38884 00

6s(2 S)7d 7<i 3 D 1 35709. 308

52. 903

23. 091

6s(2 S)9<i 9 d 3 D 1 39140. 70

17. 19

27. 86 23

35762. 211

35785. 302 23

39157. 89

39185. 75
133

Ba I—Continued Ba I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6s(2 S)10p 10p »P° 1 S0S0S. 74 6s(*S)12p 12p »P° 1 4042L 23

6s(2 S)9d 9

d

2 39334. 94 6s(2 S)9/ 9/ iF° 3 40614. 15

6s(2 S)lls 11a 3S 1 39624. 69 6s(2S)9/ 9/ 3 F° 2 40614. 16

7. 64

5. 98 3 40621. 80

6s(2 S)7/ 7/ 8 F° 2 89678. 06

2. 56

2. 40

4 40627. 78

3 39680. 62

4 89683. 02 6s (

2S) 10/ 10/ 8F° 2 40895. 27

3. 42

-1. 62 3 40898. 69

6s(2 S)7/ 7/ »F° 3 89705. 11 4 40897. 07

5d(2 D)4/? 4/' 3 F°? 2 89765. 81 6s(2 S)ll/ 11/ 8 F° 4 41096. 50 -0. 38

-3. 37

3 3 41096. 88

4 2 41100. 25

6s(2 S)10d lOd 3 D 1 39892. 19

2. 34

10. 62

6s(2 S)12/ 12/ 8 F° 4 41247. 58

0. 54

-3. 52

2 39894. 53 3 41247. 04

3 39905. 15 2 41260. 66

1 or 2 89905. 457 6s(2 S))13/ 13/ 3 F° 4 41864. 65

0. 29

3 41364. 86

6s(2 S)llp lip iP° 1 89984. 75 2

6s(2 S)8/ 8/ 3F° 2 40288. 91

2. 46

2. 65

6s(2 S)14/ 14/ 3 F° 4, 3,2 41456. 78

3 40241. 37

4 40244. 02 6s(2S)15/ 15/ 3 F° 4, 3,2 41580. 05

6s(2 S)8/

6s(2 S)lld

8/ iF°

lid S D

3 40257. 68

1 Ba ii(2S0h) Limit 42032. 4

2 40380. 32

2. 36 3 40382. 68

December 1955.

Ba 1 Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s2 4p9 4d10 5s2 5p6 +

Observed Terms

6s2 6s2 »S

5d2 {

5d2 3 P

5

d

2 iD

6p2 { 6p2 iS 6p23P

6p2 »D

ns (n> 7) np (n>6)

6s(2S)nx / 7-1 Is 3 S

\ 7- 9s iS

6, 7p

3 P°

6-12p iP° 5d(2 D)nz' 7s' 3 D

7s' iD

6, 7

p' 3 P°

6, 7p' iP°

6, 7p' 3 D°

6, 7

p' iD 0 6, 7

p' *F°

6, 7p' !F°

nd (n> 5) nf (n > 4)

6s (

2 S)nx 5-lld 8 D

5- 9d iD

4-15/ *F° 4- 9f

1 F°

5d(?D)nx' 6d' 3 S 6d' 3 P

6d' iP

6d' 3 D

6d' J D

6d' *F 6d' 3 G

6

d' iF 6d' iG

4/' 8F°?

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ba I isoelectronic sequence, see Volume in, Introduction.
134

Ba II

(Cs I sequence ; 55 electrons) Z=56

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4cP 5s2 5p8 6s 2S0^

6s 2S0H 80686.87 K I. P. 10.001 volts

Although the early work on this spectrum has been revised and extended, a monograph on Ba ii is needed. The series are well known, but the observed wavelengths are heterogeneous

and do not give precise level-values throughout.

The analysis is from Rasmussen, supplemented by additional series members reported by

Saunders, Schneider, and Buckingham. Interferometric measurements have been made for a few lines of Ba n. Sullivan and Burns have utilized their observations to derive improved

values for six terms. With these as a start the writer has adjusted the decimals of other terms

from the wavelengths given by Rasmussen. Rounded off entries in the table are from ultraviolet measurements in the 1934 reference.

The limit is from the 2 G series reported by Rasmussen. He notes that the 2F series exhibits perturbations such as are well known in A1 n. Approximately 85 lines are classified between 1397 A and 14000 A.

The observed ^-values entered in the table for 6s 2 S0^ and Qp 2 F°y2 have been determined

at the National Bureau of Standards from Zeeman spectrograms on which the line at 4934 A

appeared as an impurity. The other ^-values have been derived by the writer from observations of the lines at 5854 A and 6141 A, reported by Back; and from those given by Moore.

REFERENCES

B. E. Moore, Ann. der Phys. [4] 25, 314 (1908). (Z E)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra p. 137 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (T) (C L) E. Back, Ann. der Phys. [4] 70, 360, 363 (1923). (Z E)

E. Rasmussen, Zeit. Phys. 83, 404 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. A. Saunders, E. G. Schneider, and E. Buckingham, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 20, 291 (1934). (T) (C L)

F. Sullivan and K. Burns, Sci. Studies 9, 7 (1941). (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)

Ba II Ba II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5p6 (

1 S) 6s 6s 2 S OH 0. 00 1. 974 5p6 0S) 7d 7d2 D 1H

2H

59800. 31

59894. 98 94. 67

5pe ('S)5d 5d 2 D 1H 4873. 850

800. 974 0. 79

2H 5674. 824 1. 12 5p6 (

1 S)8p 8p 2 P° OH

1H

61836

61686 300

5p8

(

I S) 6p 6p 2 P° 0H 20261. 662

1690. 860 0. 672

i X 21952. 422 1. 32

5p6 OS)50 5<7 2 G /3H

14H }63026. 53

5p«pS)7s 7s 2 S 0H 42355. 182 1. 98

5p6 ('S)6d

5p6 (

1 S)6/ 6/ 2 F° 2H 64596. 31

100. 77

6d

2 D V/2 45949. 496

205. 39 0. 79 3H 64697. 08

2H 46154. 89 1. 18 5p6 0S)9s 9s 2 S OH 65683. 41 5p6

(

1 S)4f 4/ 2 F° 2H

3H

48258. 590

48488. 29 224. 70 5p6

(

1 S)8d 8d 2 D 1/2 2H

66673. 80

66725. 41 51. 61 5p6 0S)7p 7p

2 P° OH 49890. 05

621. 17 /3H

14H

1 1H 50011. 22 5p6 (

1 S) 6g 6g

2 G j-68425. 87

5ps (‘S)5f 5/ 2 F° 2H

3H

57890. 93

57681. 64

240. 71 5p°(1 S)7/ 7/ 2 F° 2H

3H

69211. 70

69260. 46

48. 76

5p6 (

1 S) 8s 8s 2 S OH 58025. 18 5p6

(

1 S) 10s 10s 2 S OH 70014. 72
135

Ba II—Continued Ba II —Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5p6

(

I S)9d 9d 2 D iy2 2/2 70620. 40

70651. 87 31. 47 5p6

(

1 S) 9<7 9g

2 G (3y2 \4H J-75244. 09

5p6 0S) 7g 7g

2 G

CO }71682. 38 5p6 (

1 S)10/ 10/ 2 F° 2)4 3y2 75488

75451 13

5p6 0S)8/ 8/ 2 F° 2y2 72142. 72

27. 47 5p6 (

1 S)12d 12d 2D 1 X

3 y2 72170. 19 2y2 75945. 85

5p6

(

1 S) 11s 11s 2 S oy2 72705. 33

5p6 (

1 S) 10p lOp 2 G (3H

l 4)4 }76279. 64

5p6 0S)10d 10d

2 D iy2 73101. 90

20. 33

2/2 73122. 23 5p6 (

! S) 11/ 11/ 2 F° 2% 76413 16

3y2 76429

5pe

(

1 S) 8g 8g

2 G / 3H

14/2

j>73795. 84

5p«osiiip 11<7 2 G 'XX

CO^ }77046

5p6 0S)9/ 9/ 2 F° 2y2 74091. 00

17. 92

[3y2 14%

3y2 74108. 92

5p9

(

1 S)12p 12g2 G }77628

5pTS)12s 12s 2 S oy2 74491. 51 5p6 (

1 S)lld lid 2 D iy2 74765. 73

13. 93

2y2 74779. 66 Ba nipSo) Limit 80686. 87

February 1954. Ba IV

(I I sequence; 53 electrons) Z=56

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3 d10 4

s

2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p5 2 P°^

5p52P°* K I.P. volts

This spectrum is very incompletely analyzed. Fitzgerald and Sawyer have reported the 22

levels in the table. These levels account for 53 classified lines; 13 between 570.1 A and 740.0 A,

and 40 between 2220.15 A and 4591.72 A. The writer has labeled the third level, 5p8 2S, by

analogy with Xe n. The authors state that the levels in the middle group are probably from

the 5s2 5p4 5d and 5s2 5p4 6s configurations, whereas the higher odd levels, 196000 K to 198000 K,

are probably from 5s2 5p4 6p.

REFERENCE

M. A. Fitzgerald and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 46, 576 (1934). (T) (C L)

Ba IV Ba IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5

s

2 5p5 5p5 2 p° iy2 0/2 0

17830 -17830 2/2 158998

2)4 163254

5s 5p8 5p® 2 S oy2 152963

2)4 154481

iy2 175431

2y2 175926

CO 154631

2)4 196549

oy2

| or i 156738 2)4 197504

iy2 J 3% 197698

3 y2 157656

iH 197711

oy2 157741

1 H 198005

2 y2 158170

2 H 198758

2y2 158444

2 y2 198889

V.C*

r-»\ CO 158750

January 1954.
136

LANTHANUM

La I

57 electrons Z=57

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4s2 4

p

6 4d10 5s2 5p8 5c? 6s2 2DW

a

2D1H 45293 K I. P. 5.61 ±0.03 volts

The analysis is from Russell and Meggers and is based on Meggers’ observations of Zeeman

effects and wavelengths, which cover the range 2647.13 A to 10954.6 A. There are 540 classified

lines. Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

The analysis is well confirmed by the 1932 Zeeman observations, but the earlier measure- ments have since been largely supplanted by further study at the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology. All but eight of the (/-values in the table are from the 1945 reference.

The limit is from three series of two members each, namely, 6, 7s 4F, 6, 7s 2F, and 6s2 2D,

7s 4D. By comparison with Ca i, Sr i, and Ba i, the authors introduced a correction to the dif- ferences of the Rydberg denominators amounting to An*= 1.060 for the 4F and 2F series, and

An* =1.010 for the 2D, 4D series.

The authors point out the significant fact that the electron configurations of the lanthanum

atom anticipate “the atom building process which accounts for the rare-earth elements.”

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, 239, RP 468 (1932). (Z E)

H. N. Russell and W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, 625, RP 497 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L) (G D)

(Z E)

G. R. Harrison, N. Rosen, and J. R. McNally, Jr., J. Opt. Soc. Am. 35, 658 (1945). (Z E)

R. A. Fisher and F. Eshbach, unpublished material (March 1954). (C L) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 30 (1955).

(Summary hfs) La I La I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d 6s2 a 2 D i X 0. 00

1053. 20 0. 798

2 / 1053. 20 1. 198

5d2 (a 3 F) 6s a

4 F 1 H 2668. 20

341. 81

484. 57

627. 03

0. 405

2/2 3010. 01 1. 030

3/2 3494. 58 1. 239

4/2 4121. 61 1. 338

5d2 (a 3 F)6s a 2 F 2/ 7011. 90 1040. 25 0. 893

3/2 8052. 15 1. 137

5d?(a 3 P) 6s a

4 P O /2 7231. 36

259. 10

189. 48

2. 648

I/2 7490. 46 1. 704

2/ 7679. 94 1. 498

5d2 (b *D)6s b 2 D I/2 8446. 03

737. 74 0. 942

2/ 9183. 77 1. 250

5d2 (a *P)6s a

2 P O /2 9044. 21

675. 23 0. 690

I/2 9719. 44 1. 23

5c!2 (a 1 G)6s a

2 G 4/ 9919. 94 —41. 02 1. 12 3/ 9960. 96 0. 91

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d 6s(a 3 D)6p z

4 F° 1/2 2/2 3/

4/

IS260. 86

18681. 08

15019. 55

16243. 25

370. 72

1388. 47

1223. 70

0. 93

1. 096

1. 23

5c? 6s \a 3 D)6p 2

4 D° O/2 ifc 2/

3/

14095. 70

14708. 96

15508. 67

16099. 28

613. 26

794. 71

595. 61

5d 6s (a 4 D)6p 2

2 D° 2/

1/2 14804. 10

15081. 65 -227. 55

1. 08

0. 917

5d 6s(a *D)6p 2

2 F° 2/

3/

15196. 80

16538. 44

1341. 64 0. 906

1. 19

6s2 (a *S)6p 2

2 P°? O/2 I/2 15219. 90

16280. 20 1060. 30

1. 329

5d 6s(a 3 D)6p y

2 F° 2/

3/

16856. 82

17910. 18 1053. 36 0. 810

1. 086

5d 6s(a 3 D)6p 2

4 P° 0/

1/

2/2

17567. 56

17797. 80

18157. 00

229. 74

359. 70

1. 175
137

La I—Continued La I—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5c?(a 3 F)6p z

4 G° 2K 17947. 16 656 79 1. 063 5c?(6 x D)6p w 2 P° OK

3K 18603. 95

525. 39

988. 06

1. 051 IK 27225. 27 1. 335

4K 19129. 34 1. 173

5K 20117. 40 1. 290 5c? (5 x D)6p u 2 F° 2K

3K

27393. 00

28039. 54

646. 54 0. 888

1. 13 5d 6s (a 3 D)6p y

2 T>° IK 18172. 39 1207. 05 0. 802

234 19379. 44 1. 186 4/ 1 2 F° 2K 27669. 38

873. 72 0. 87

3K 28543. 10 1. 00

5d 6s(a x D)6p y

2 P° IK 20019. 00 -178. 38

1. 020

OK 20197. 38 0. 60 5° IK 27749. 05

5d2 (a 3 F)6p 2/ 4 F° IK 20083. 02 9^ 98 0. 731 5c?(6 x D)6p w 2 D° IK 27968. 53

537. 86 0. 836

2K 20338. SO

425. 01

620. 75

1. 013 2K 28506. 39 1. 20

3K 20763. 31 1. 178

4K 21384. 06 1. 278 5c? (a 3 P)4/ w 4 D° OK 28898. 47 306. 06

302. 64

392. 74

0. 00

IK 29199. 58 1. 15

5c? (a 3 F)6p x

2 F° 2K 20972. 22

690. 39 0. 894 2K 29502. 17 1. 263

3K 21662. 61 0. 995 3K 29894. 91 1. 352

5c?(a 3F)6

p

z

2 G° 3K 21447. 92

837. 93 1. 103 4/ v

2 D° IK 28971. 82

803. 75 0. 71 4K 22285. 85 1. 15 2K 29775. 57 1. 253

5c?(a 3 F)6p y

4 D° ok 22246. 64 192. 73

364. 89

499. 05

-0. 22? 33 29461. 33

IK 22439. 37 1. 192

2K 22804- 26 1. 362 6° OK 29564- 92

3K 23303. 31 1. 183

34? 29594. 81

1° 3K 23221. 16 1. 078

5c?(a 3 F)7s e

4 F IK 29874. 89

479. 43

705. 37

864. 21

5c?(a 3 P)6p 2

2 S° OK 28260. 90 1. 89 2K 30354. 32 0. 93

2° 4K 23466. 85 1. 12 3K

4K

31059. 69

31923. 90

5c?(a 3 P)6p x

4 D° OK 23528. 38

176. 38

341. 30

1037. 36

0. 152 7° IK 29936. 73 1. 492

IK 23704- 76 1. 135

2K 24046. 06 1. 272 8° IK 30417. 47 1. 533

3K 25083. 42 1. 379

5c? (a x G)6p s

2 F° 2K 80788. 40 176. 42 1. 043

3° 2K 23549. 42 1. 16 3K 30964- 82 1. 16

5d 6s (a 3 D)4/ «) 2 F° 2K 23875. 00

534. 70 0. 957 9° 2K 30896. 88 1. 424

3K 24409. 70 1. 17

5c? (a 3 F)7s e

2 F 2K 31119. 08

989. 50 4° IK 24173. 86 0. 72 3K 32108. 58

v

2 F°? 2K 24507. 89

870. 57 1. 159 5d 6s (a 3 D)7s e

4 D OK

3K 25378. 46 1. 13 IK

2K

5c?(a 8 P)6p 2

4 S° IK 24639. 27 1. 781 3K 31287. 65

5c?(a 3 F)6

p

x

2 D° IK 24762. 62

455. 63

0. 855 4/ r

2 F° 2K 31477. 16

663. 44 0. 92

2K 25218. 25 1. 244 3K 32140. 60 1. 16

5<P(a 3 F)4

/

x

4 F° IK 24910. 89

73. 94

396. 00

616. 94

0. 724 5c? (a 3 P)6p u 2 D° IK 31751. 68

741. 12 0. 80

2K 24984- S3 1. 063 2K 32492. 80 1. 145

3K 25380. S3 1. 228

4K 25997. 27 1. 319 5c? (a *P)6p v

2 P° OK 82290. 25

913. 95 0. 70

IK 88204- 20 1. 27

5c? (a x G)6p 2

2 H° 4K 25089. 50

785. 18 0. 94

5K 25874- 68 1. 11 5c? (a X G)4/ y

2H° 4K 32410. 76

107. 36 0. 92

5K 32518. 12 1. 11

5d 6s(a 8 D)6p X 2 P° OK 25453. 92

496. 47 0. 985

IK 25950. 39 1. 433 35 33286. 50

31 25568. 49 10° 36722. 38

5c?(a 3 P)6p y

4 P° OK 25616. 90

26. 12

695. 88

2. 29 11° 3K? 87731. 90 1. 18? IK 25648. 02 1. 600

2K 26388. 90 1. 524 12°? 39597. 58

32 5K 25881. 53 13° 39631. 27

5c? (a 3 F)4

/

y

4 G° 2K 27022. 60

432. 74

633. 84

654. 03

0. 57 14° 40322. 45

3K 27455. 84 0. 976

4K 28089. 18 1. 159 15° 40343. 40

5K 28748. 21 1. 28

5c? (a x G)6p y

2 G° 3K

4K

27132. 50

27619. 69 487. 19

0. 94

1. 12 La n(a 3 F2) Limit 45293

February 1955
138 a

PSHHQH>

PSH

OP

PS o

c3 hP H

d>>

X!O

^S + O fx*° §G3 w(M %»0

CO ^ ^ CO O

bfl® ^

°00 O <N 9a

Al

Si

coAla

Si

COAl

Si

W

si o

Si o0H 03 93 ° °u, ooo o 00

Si H o o o 0 0

CQ

N Si o9 o o QOcs o o Ofl

** ^ H 3 o

Ah O O 00 o o 00 N H Si » 0 o COCO

wo

Si

p£< 03

Ph O. aG

Ph Ph

•'T C< <D CD cT c? 0o

00e a

co-am |0a Q Qa 0 GO o 0

CO <*> a r-O CO CO

'a % %} % *o m in CO m *0 3

H3Oo>

o3 hP

a> X3

'OO

Ph
139

La II

(Ba i sequence; 56 electrons) Z=57

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3^6 3d10 4s2 4_p

6 4d10 5s2 5pG 5d2 3F2

a

3F2 92240 K I. P. 11.43±0.07 volts

Meggers’ observations from 2142.81 A to 10954.6 A have resulted in the classification of

728 lines. The extensive analysis by Russell and Meggers is of particular interest because

the study of La i, La ii, and La hi “shows that the atom building process which accounts

for the rare-earth elements is actually anticipated in the electron configurations of the lanthanum atom.” In addition, La n “is the most completely developed example of a 2-electron

spectrum which has yet been investigated;” at least ten types of configurations arc known

“and almost all of the terms arising from each.”

The Zeeman observations available in 1932 were extremely useful in assigning the term

designations, but have since been improved and extended at the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology. The gr-values in the table are from the 1945 paper.

The dubious : D2 term at 64706.76? has been rejected.

The limit has been derived from the ns 1,3 D series (n=6,7) having the limit 5d 2 D in

La hi, and the nd 3D series (n= 5,6) having the limit 6s 2S. The term a

3 D is used in both,

since a *D and a

3D, belong to both the 5d(2D)6s and the 6s(2S)5d configurations. In determining the limit the authors have assumed the difference in the Rydberg denominators,

A?i* = 1.05 for a running s-electron and 1.15 for a running d-electron, by analogy with Ca i, Sr i, and Ba i. The authors ascribe two triads 3 P°D°F° and 1 P

0D°F° to “6p 5d” electrons. In assigning limits these electrons could belong with either of two limits, namely, 6p(2 P°)5d or 5d(2T))6p.

Since the 2D limit term is the ground term in La hi and the 2P° limit is 42014 K above the

ground term, the triads are here entered with the lower limit.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the triplet and singlet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and K. Burns, J. Opt. Soc. Am. and Rev. Sci. Instr. 14, 449 (1927). (hfs) W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, 239, RP 468 (1932). (Z E)

H. N. Russell and W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, 625, RP 497 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L) (G D) (Z E)

G. R. Harrison, N. Rosen, and J. R. McNally, Jr., J. Opt. Soc. Am. 35, 658 (1945). (T) (Z E)

K. Murakawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 9, 391 (1954). (hfs)

La II La II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

5d

2 a

3 F 2

3

0. 00

1016. 10 1016. 10

954. 60

0. 721

1. 083

5d2 a

J G 4 7473. 32 1. 000

4 1970. 70 1. 248 5d2 b >D 2 10094. 86 1. 005

5d(2 D)6s a 2 1394. 46 0. 977 6s(2 S)4/ z

3 F° 2 141 47. 98 227 19

0. 664

5d(2 D)6s a 3 D 1 1895. 15

696. 45

658. 75

0. 498

34

14875. 17

15698. 74

1323. 57

1. 056

1. 247

2 2591. 60 1. 133

3 3250. 35 1. 334 6s(2 S)4/ z

1 F° 3 15773. 77 1. 017

5d2 a

3 P 0 5249. 70

468. 42

509. 30

0/0 5d(2 D)4/ a

o 4 16599. 17 0. 969

1 5718. 12 1. 497

2 6227. 42 1. 481 5d(2 D)4/ 0. 754 y

3 F° 2 17211. 93 1092 0.2 3 18235. 56

978. 98

1. 086

6s2 a *S 0 7394. 57 0/0 4 19214- 54 1. 232
La II—Continued La II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5<2 (2 D) 4/ 2

3 H° 4 17825. 62 7ZxA. 7Q 0. 846 5d(2 D)6d / *G 3 52857. 88 0. 861

5 18580. 41 1 1 AO 91 1. 017 4 53333. 37 i im oq 1. 036

6 19749. 62 i iuy.

1. 178? 5 54434. 65 1. 21

5d(2 D)4/ 2 >D° 2 18895. 41 0. 923 5d(2 D)6d c !P 1 53302. 56 1. 335

5d(2 D)4/ 2

3 G° 3 20402. 82 928 78 0. 757 5d(2 D)6d /

3 F 2 53885. 24 954 80 0. 751

4 21831. 60 1. 049 3 54840. 04 1. 088

5 22282. 90 yoi. ou

1. 197 4 55321. 35 3:01. Ol1. 136

5dC2 D)4/ 2

3 D° 1 21441 73 664 29 0. 542 5d(2 D)6d e

3 S 1 54365. 80 1. 455

2 22106. 02 A Q1 OC 1. 167

3 22537. 80 1. 288 5d(2 D)6d e ‘S 0 54793. 82

5d(2 D)4/ 2

3 P° 0 22683. 70 21 45 0/0 5d(2 D)6d e *P 0 54964. 19? 266 14

1 22705. 15 1. 431 1 55230. 33 CHA 07 1. 552

2 23246. 98 03:1. 401. 459 o56036. 60 oUO. Li1. 203

5d (

2 D) 6p y

1 D° 2 24462. 66 0. 887 4P e

3 H 4 55107. 25 874 84 0. 883

5 55982. 09 QKK cf; 1. 033

5(2 (

2 D) 4/ y

1 F° 3 24522. 70 1. 034 6 56837. 94 oOO. oD

1. 14

5d(2 D)6p y

3 D° 1 25973. 87 1414 74 0. 782 5d(2 D)6d g

J D 2 55184. 05 1. 183

2 27888. 11 007 1 A1. 168

3 28315. 25 vLi. 13

1. 308 5d(2 D)6d /

! G 4 56035. 70 1. 027

5d(2 D)6p x

3 F° 2 26414 01 423 65 0. 825 1° 3 57864. 12 1. 07

3 26837. 66 1 707 7A

1. 088

4 28565. 40 1. 245 4/2 g

3 F 2 57399. 58 ^18 09 0. 675

3 57918. 50 Q/in oi 1. 085

5(2 (

2 D) 4/ 2 1P° 1 27423. 91 • 0. 876 4 58259. 41 1. 196

5d(2 D)6p y

3 P° 0 27545. 85 608 70 0/0 2° 4 58748. 90

1 28154- 55 1. 267

2 29498. 05 1. 471 4/2 g

l G 4 59527. 60 1. 046

5(2 (

2 D) 4/ 2

1 H° 5 28525. 71 1. 004 3° 2,3 59612. 64

5d(2 D)6p y ’P0

1 30358. 33 1. 074 4P h »D 2 59900. 08 1. 035

6s(2 S)6p X

3 P° 0 31785. 82 375 17 0/0 6p2 /

3 P 0 60094. 84 1033 99 0/0

1 82160. 99 1. 492 1 61128. 83 1977 £9 1. 528

2 33204- 41 1. 494 1 2 62506. 36 lO i / . oo

1. 416

5d(2 D)6p x »F° 3 32201. 05 1. 005 4° 4 60744. 17 1. 25

6p(2 P°)4/ e

3 G 3 35452. 66 i 7on 1 3

0. 876 5° 3,4 61017. 66

4 37172. 79 iQ/ir; ok 1. 127

5 39018. 74 1. 21 6° 3, 4 61514- 46 0. 97?

6p(2 P°)4/ e

3 F 2 35787. 53 1 1 R7 19 0. 719 6 p

2 i

J D 2 62026. 27 1. 054

3 36954. 65 1. 061

4 37790. 57

oodi yz

1. 113 4P e

1 1 6 62408. 40 1. 003

6p(2 P°)4/ e

! F 3 37209. 71 0. 944 4/2 !7 3 P 0 63463. 95 239 23 0/0

1 63703. 18 £7f; 7A

1. 471

6p(2 P°)4/ e

3 D 1 38534. 11 319 fi9 0. 497 2 64278. 92 1. 414

2 38221. 49 1. 071

3 39402. 55

JLlol. U0

1. 274 7° 4 63598. 87 1. 205

6p(2 P°)4/ e *G 4 39221. 65 1. 059 6s(2 S) 6d h

3 D 1 64361. 28 168 62 0. 506

2 64529. 90 1 A9 AO 1. 217

6p(2 P°)4/ e

l D 2 40457. 71 1. 036 3 64692. 59

6s(2 S) 6p s 1 P° 1 45692. 17 0. 999 8

° 3 64411- 17 0. 97

5d(2 D)7s /

3 D 1 49733. 13 1 c;i 99 0. 500 6p2 / >s 0 66591. 91 0/0

2 49884. 35 1. 117

3 51228. 57

lo43:. LL

1. 315 6p(2 P°)7p? t

3 D 12 5d(2 D)7s / *D 2 51523. 86 1. 036 3 69233. 90

5(2(3 D)6(2 / *F 3 52137. 67 0. 987 4P g *s 0 69505. 06

5(2 (

2 D) 6c2 Q

3 D 1 52169. 66 i s; 0. 621

2 52734. 81 1. 154

3 53689. 56 yo4. 4 o

1. 218 La iii(2 Di^) Limit 92240

March 1954.
141

La ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is3 2s3 2p« 3s3 3p6 3d10 4s3 4p® 4^10 553 5p

6 _|_ Observed Terms

{ a

3 P a

3 F

6 »D a

6s

3 a iS

6p

3 { / ‘S /

3 P

i

3 D

4/* { S ‘S g *P g

3 F

A

3 D g *G

e *H

e

1 !

ns (n> 6) np (n > 6)

5d(3D)nx

{

a,/ 3 D

a, /

l D

o

o y »D°

y

1 D°

x *F°

x »F°

6s(3 S)nx' {

X

3 P°

X IP0

6p(3 P°)nx" i

3 D?

nd (n> 5) n/ (n >4)

5d(3 D)nx /

e

3 S

\ e *S

e

3 P

e »P

0

3 D / *F

g

J D / >F v

~s‘-h 66

M

N

o

o 2 *D°

2 'D°

o &o

?» 1

z

3 G°

z »G°

z *H°

z

1 H°

6s(3 S)nx'

{

A

3 D z *F°

z »F°

6p(3 P°)nx"

{

« »D

e

3 D

e

3 F

e

5 F

e *G

e

3 G

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Bai isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

673518
(Cs i sequence; 55 electrons) Z=57

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Sp6 3d

10 4s2 4_p

6 4d10 5s2 5p6 5d 2Di^

5d

2Du^ 154630 K I. P. 19.17 volts

The analysis is from Russell and Meggers, who have extended the earlier work on La hi.

Lang has added the 5/ 2F° and 8s 2S terms from his observations in the short-wave region.

Fifteen lines between 1081.61 A and 3517.14 A have been classified. The limit is from the

6, 7s 2S series. In deriving it, Russell and Meggers have assumed that An* — 1.050, by comparison with the run of Rj^dberg denominators in related spectra from Ki thru Ban.

Gibbs and Shoepfle have reported that from additional observations between 500 A and

2100 A they have extended the ns

2S and nd 2D series to six members, and located more 2P° and

possibly 2F° and 2 G terms. They also confirm the above limit. Unfortunately, their new terms

are not available for inclusion here.

REFERENCES

H. N. Russell and W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, 625, RP 497 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

R. J. Lang, Canadian J. Research [A] 13, 4 (1935). (C L) R. C. Gibbs and G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 45, 747 (A) (1934).

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)

La III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5p6 0S)5d 5d

2 D 1/2 2/

0. 00

1603. 23 1603. 23

5p6 CS)6s 6s 2 S 0/2 13590. 76 2. 10 5p6 0S)6p 6p 2 P° 0/2 42014. 92

3095. 72 0. 63

1/2 45110. 64 1. 37

5p6 (

1 S)7s 7s 2 S 0/2 82345. 0 5p6 0S)6d 6d 2 D 1/ 82378. 75

433. 76

2/2 82812. 51 5p6 (

1 S)5f 5f

2 F° 2/2 92454. 6

80. 0

VN CO h\ 92534. 6 5p6 ('S)8s 8s 2 S 0/2 113496

La iv(1 S0) Limit 154630

April 1954.
143

HAFNIUM

Hf i

72 electrons Z=72

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p

5 3d

10 4s2 4

p

8 4d10 4/14 5s2 op6 5d2 6s2 3F2

6s2 3F2 K I. P. volts

The analysis is by Meggers, who has made a supreme effort to submit his results for inclusion here just as press copy for this Volume is being concluded. The work is not completed.

He plans to make further observations in the shortwave region and to continue the analysis

with the aid of electronic computers.

The present line list extends from 1917.73 A to 12043.08 A, and is based on recent observations made at the National Bureau of Standards, by using microwave-excited quartz tubes

containing hafnium iodide, as light source. The Zeeman Observations (2600 A to 5000 A)

are from spectrograms taken at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, supplemented by

observations (to 8700 A) at the National Bureau of Standards. At present there are approximately 2000 classified lines. Meggers has pointed out the unique character of the Hf i energy levels. The two sets of

levels “odd” and “even” overlap throughout their entire range. This dovetailing of the two

sets is so pronounced that it causes confusion if all levels are arranged in numerical order.

Consequently, in the table the two sets are listed separately, with the “even” levels preceding

the “odd” levels. The large number of “even” levels for which no term designations can as yet be assigned

suggests that the configurations 5d4

, od2 6s 6d, 5d

2 6s 7s, and possibly 5d2 6p

2 are all represented.

No series can be established with certainty from the existing data. By comparison with

neighboring spectra it appears likely that the ionization potential may be near 7 volts, thus

placing the limit near 56500 K.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and B. F. Scribner, Bur. Std. J. Research 4, 169, RP139 (1930). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44, 348 (A) (1954). (Z E) D. R. Speck and F. A. Jenkins, Phys. Rev. [2] 101, 1831 (L) (1956). (hfs) W. F. Meggers, unpublished material (June 1957). (T) (C L) (Z E)

Hf I Hf I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5c

Z

2 6s2 a

3 F 2

34

0. 00

2356. 68

4567. 64

2356. 68

2210. 96

0. 695

1. 083

1. 240

5d2 6s2 a

3 P 0

12

5521. 78

6572. 55

8983. 75

1050. 77

2411. 20

0. 000

1. 500

1. 300

5d

2 6s2 a 2 5638. 62 1. 165

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d

2 6s2 aJ G 4 10532. 54 1. 008

5cP(b 4 F) 6s a

5 F 12

34

5

14092. 28

14740. 68

15673. 33

16766. 60

17901. 28

648. 40

932. 65

1093. 27

1134. 68

0. 00

1. 00

1. 25

1. 36

1. 40

5d3 (6 4 P)6s a

5 P 12

3

20784. 87

20908. 42

22199. 08

123. 55

1290. 66

1. 74
144

Hf I—Continued Hf I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5^(6 4 F)6s b *F 2 23327. 71 447 47 0. 90 3 42360. 90 1. 15

34

22880. 24

23252. 81

372! 57 4 42670. 81 1. 24

5d

3

( )6* 5 24085. 14 2 42719. 58 1. 19

2 25084. 14 1 42782. 55 1. 53

3 25281. 81 2 43016. 47

3 25678. 60 3 43489. 28

3 26715. 37 1 43561. 76 1. 47

1 26918. 14 4 43838. 30 1. 30

4 27074. 50 5 44131. 99 1. 40

2 28200. 54 2 44375. 42 1. 35

1 28527. 97 4 44777. 50 1. 25

2 30146. 40 3 45083. 28

3 31054. 64 1. 09 2 45254. 91 2 31119. 20 0. 89 1 45270. 13 2 31619. 97 1. 02 3 45364. 84

1 32091. 59 1. 16 1 45474. 60 1. 41

1 34991. 64 0. 50 3 45649. 36 1. 18

2 35115. 28 1. 11 2 45728. 62

3 36523. 84 1. 26 3 45994. 60

2 37038. 83 1. 06? 2 46056. 21

1 37336. 20 0. 48 2 46183. 08

2 38289. 38 1. 09 3 46280. 26

3 39127. 61 1. 31 4 46282. 34

1 39286. 19 0. 22 2 46437. 72

1 39546. 34 0. 81 2 46860. 75

2 39788. 89 1. 02 2 46961. 96

1 39790. 70 0. 58 3 46966. 61

0 39843. 87 4 46992. 38

2 40130. 23 1. 21 2 47304. 97

2 40513. 55 1. 11 3 47345. 93

1 40618. 62 1. 50 4 47606. 21

2 40636. 26 1. 07? 2 47702. 41

3 40882. 06 1. 23 1 47874. 44

2 41211. 03 1. 45 3 47938. 44

2 41298. 36 0. 83 4 48022. 20

3 41475. 84 1. 27? 3 48049. 43

3 41739. 36 1. 33 1 48129. 57

3 42061. 59 3 48319. 08

1 42111. 70 4 48356. 90

4 42175. 58 1. 30? 2 48407. 27

4 42283. 48 1. 34 2 48594. 84
145

Hf I—Continued Hf I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3 48598. 99

2 48708. 40

3 48809. 77

3 48869. 43

4 49005. 35

5 49540. 65

4 49623. 40

3 49791. 86

4 50393. 21

5 51408. 65

5d2 6s (b 2 D)6p 2

3 D° 12

3

14017. 83

16163. 36

18381. 49

2145. 53

2218. 13

0. 55

1. 17

1. 29

5d2 6s (6 2 D)6p 2

3 F° 2

34

14435. 13

14541 68

18224 99

106. 55

3683. 31

0. 89

1. 08

1. 24

5<P 6s (a 4 F)6p 2

5 G° 2

34

56

18011. 05

19292. 69

20960. 09

22901. 34

1281. 64

1667. 40

1941. 25

0. 40

0. 95

1. 16

1. 25

5d

2 6s (6 2 D)6p

0

2

3 P° 0

12

18270. 11 181 43. 37

19791. 30 - 126. 74

1647. 93

0. 00

1. 43

1. 41

5d2 6s(a 4 F)6p 2

5 F° 12

34

5

21738. 70

22450. 56

23448. 61 24785. 23

26202. 53

711. 86

998. 05

1336. 62

1417. 30

0. 04

1. 00

1. 20

1. 33

1. 36

5d2 6s (6 2 D)6p 2 !F° 3 23644. 74 1. 075

5<P 6s(a 4 F)6p 2

5 D° 0

12

34

24966. 78

25194. 47

25634. 21 26305. 78

27516. 41

227. 69

439. 74

671. 57

1210. 63

0. 00

1. 45

1. 42

1. 400

1. 475

5<P 6s (b 2 D)6p 2 1P° 1 26463. 93 1. 000

5d2 6s (a 4 F) 6p y

3 F° 2

34

27149. 64

27654- 82

30733. 22

504. 68

3078. 90

1. 00

1. 153

1. 28

5d2 6s (a 2 P)6p y

3 P° 0

12

28526. 19

27533. 75

29401. 44

-992. 44

1867. 69

0. 00

1. 266

1. 75

5d

2 6s (a 2 P)6p 23 S° 1 28047. 91 1. 94

5e22 6s (a 4 F)6p y

3 D° 12

3

28790. 25

28267. 39

29996. 81 - 522. 86

1729. 42

0. 96

1. 145

1. 23

5d2 6s (a 4 F)6p 2

3 G° 34

5

28583. 69

29246. 65

30976. 99

662. 96

1730. 34

0. 95

1. 07?

1. 21

5d2 6s (a 4 P)6p y

5 D° 0

12

34

29752. 84

31342. 51

31943. 31

1589. 67

600. 80

1. 50

1. 39

1. 41

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5 d

2 6s (b 2 D)6p 2

4 D° 2 31610. 80 1. 00

2 31943. 84

5d2 6s (a 4 P)6p 2

3 P° 12

3

31952. 25

33121. 48

33139. 12

1169. 23

17. 64

2. 080

1. 345

1. 442

3 32533. SO 0. 950

1 33137. 87 0. 775

2 33538. 15 0. 822

3 33949. 28 1. 09

4 33994. 71 1. 04

2 33994. 86 0. 93

1 34596. 45 0. 972

4 34805. 89 0. 997

3 34877. 04 0. 960

2 34947. 95 1. 16

1 35284. 33 1. 055

3 35453. 83 1. 002

5 35993. 70

4 36075. 02 1. 07

3 36237. 84 1. 042

5 36419. 26

3 36609. 85 1. 255

2 86772. 85 1. 156

4 36850. 08 1. 09

1 86949. 29 0. 53

4 37269. 82

1 88151. 71 2 88825. 47 1. 154

3 38407. 80 1. 29

5 38845. 44

4 38987. 88 1. 14

3 39081. 86

3 89193. 91 1. 29

2 39485. 20 1. 357

1 39704. 41 0. 625

2 40194. 46 0. 510

2 40267. 35 1. 08

1 40704. 12 1. 15

3 40767. 44 1. 22

2, 3? 40957. 54

1 41193. 97

3 41422. 43
146

Hf I—Continued Hf I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

2 41768. 67 0. 927 3 45112. 22

3 41824. 58 2 45188. 88

1 42086. 87 1. 23 3 45455. 15

2 42802. 12 0. 87? 1 45799. 48

1 42485. 50 0. 86 2 46170. 12

4 42871. 02 1. 15 3 46775. 98?

3 48104. 71 1. 09 2 46981. 20

2 48517. 85 3 47590. 09

1 48786. 58 0. 17 4 48047. 90

1 48844- 68 2 48951. 97

1 44%57. 54

June 1957.

Hf i Observed Terms*

Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p9 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5

p

6 -f Observed Terms

5d2 6s2 | o

3 P a 3 F

a X D a X G

ns (n>6) np (n > 6)

5d

2 6s (a 4 F)nx

{

2

5 D°

y

3 D°

2

5 F°

y

3 F°

2

5 G°

2

3 G°

5d2 6s(a 4 P)nx 2

5 P° y5 D°

5d2 6s (6 2 D)nx

{

0

0 2

3 D°

2

X D°

0

0

5(P 6s (a 2 P)nx z

3 S° y3 P°

5d3 (6 4 F)nx

{ a 6 F

b

3 F

5^(5 4 P)nx a 5 P

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Hf i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.

Hf II

(Lu i sequence; 71 electrons) Z=72

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p0 5d 6s2 2D^

a

2D1H 120000 K I. P. 14.9 volts

The analysis is by Meggers, who has reobserved the spectrum, revised the level values,

and extended the 1934 analysis to include approximately 950 classified lines. The new observations extend from 2005.36 A to 8804.35 A. Observed intersystem combinations connect the

terms of different multiplicity.
147

Hf II—Continued

The observed ^-values are from spectrograms taken by Meggers in 1949 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, through the courtesy of G. R. Harrison.

In 1954 Gehatia reported a theoretical study of the low even configurations of Hf ii. The agreement between his theoretical and the experimental energy level- and gr-values is excellent. His predictions have enabled Meggers to find the energy levels c

2DiH and b

2P0^

listed in the table, and will doubtless serve to locate the high 5d3 2D term, when new observations

of Hf ii in the vacuum region become available.

Although Hf ii belongs in the Lu i isoelectronic sequence so far as atomic number is concerned, it does not have the structure of a rare-earth spectrum, to which /-electrons contribute. Meggers points out the “remarkable parallelism between the Hf n and La i spectra.”

From this analogy, together with the assumption that e

2D and e

4F form series with a

2D and

a

4F, respectively, he derives the approximate value of the limit quoted here. He plans to extend the observations to shorter waves in the near future, with the hope of improving the

series. REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and B. F. Scribner, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 13, 625, RP 732 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

(G D)

M. Gehatia, Phys. Rev. 94, 618 (1954). (T)

W. F. Meggers, unpublished material (January 1957). (T) (C L) (Z E)

Hf II Hf II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d 6s2 a

2 D 1/2 0. 00

3050. 88 0. 787

2/2 3050. 88 1. 173

5d2 (a 3 F) 6s a

4 F iK 3644. 65 1260.

1439. 2017.

20

49

42

0. 425

2/2 4904. 85 1. 052

3H 6344. 34 1. 236

4/2 8361. 76 1. 328

5d2 (a 3 P) 6s a

4 P 0X 11951. 70

969.

564. 24

62

2. 598

1/2 12920. 94 1. 664

2/2 13485. 56 1. 410

5d2 (a 3 F) 6s a

2 F 2H 12070. 46

3013. 80 0. 964

3K 15084. 26 1. 10 5d2 (b 9D) 6

s

b

2 D IM 14359. 42

3009. 45 1. 034

2yz 17368. 87 1. 273

5d2 (a 3 P) 6s a

2 P 0y2 15254. 29

2576. 05 0. 737

1/2 17830. 34 1. 122

5d2 (a *G)6s a 2 G 4/2 17389. 06 -321. 66 1. 14

3/2 17710. 72 0. 940

5d3 b

4 F 1M 18897. 64

1237.

1503.

1507.

30

03

60

0. 446

2H 20134. 94 1. 030

3% 21637. 97 1. 221

4/2 23145. 57 1. 309

5d3 b

4 P oy2 26996. 51

288. 1261. 62

92

2. 58

1/4 27285. 13 1. 643

2/2 28547. 05 1. 573

5d 6s (a 3 D)6p z

4 F° iy2 28068. 79

1336. 4371. 4409.

33

1243

0. 512

2/2 291/05. 12 1. 076

3/2 88776. 24 1. 252

4x 88185. 67 1. 33

5d3 b

2 G 4H

3H

28104.

28458. 83

16 -353. 33 0. 9970. 897

5d 6s (a 3 D)Sp 2

4 D° oy2 29160. 04 2624.

2570. 2527.

1297

36

0. 486

1 y2 31784. 16 1. 216

2/2 84355. 18 1. 320

3/2 86882. 49 1. 380

5d3 c

2 D 1/2 30594. 63

2183. 53 0. 91 2H 1 32778. 16 1. 21

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g

5d

3 a m 5y2 4X

30941. 97

31877. 74 -935. 77

1. 10

1. 05

5d 6s (a 3 D)6p z

2 P° 0y2 1/4 88186. 20

86373. 42

3237. 22 0. 217

1. 323

5d 6s (a 4 D)6p 2

2 D° 2y2 1/2 88180. 92

34123. 93 -943. 01

1. 036

0. 800

5d2 (a 3 F)6p 2

4 G° 2/2 3H

4/2

5/2

84942. 86

88498. 53

42891. 09

46209. 05

3556. 17

3892. 56

3817. 96

0. 981

1. 044

1. 168

1. 27

5d

3 b2 P O

1 ^ iy2 35146. 73

37324. 22 2177. 49 0. 74

1. 28

5d3 b

2 F 2y2 3%

37398. 44

37439. 66 41. 22

1. 14

5d 6s (a 3 T))6p y

2 D° 1 y2 2/2 87885. 90

41761. 24

3875. 34 0. 780

1. 077

5d 6s (a 3 D)6p 2

4 P° oy2 1 y2 2y2

88898. 56

89226. 46

40506. 86

827. 90

1280. 40

2. 596

1. 615

1. 420

5d 6s (a 3 D)6p 2

2 F° 2/2 3/2 88578. 68

41406. 86 2828. 23

0. 860

1. 105

5d

2 (a 3 F) 6p y4 F° 1/4 2/2 3/2 4%

42518. 10

48680. 75

44899. 96

46124. 89

1162. 65

719. 21

1724. 93

0. 562

0. 966

1. 171

1. 223

5d 6s(a 4 D)6p y

2 P° iy2 oy2 42770. 56

48044 26

-273. 70

1. 220

0. 570

5d 6s (a 4 D)6p y

2 F° 2y2 3/2 43900. 56

44690. 72 790. 16

1. 00

1. 142

5d

2 (a 3 F)6p y

4 D° oy2 1/2 2/2

3/2

45648. 25

46674- 86

47904. 89

48930. 75

1031. 11

1230. 03

1026. 36

0. 467

1. 194

1. 326

1. 34

5d

2 (a 3 P) 6p 2

2 S° oh 46495. 87 1. 680

5

d

2 (a 3 F) 6p 2

2 G° 3/2 4k

47157. 57

49840. 47

2682. 90 1. 028

1. 153
148

Hf IIContinued Hf II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d

2 (b x D)6p x

2 D° 134 47973. 56

1032. 08 1. 11 5d2 (a ! G)6p v

2 F° 2H 62774. 9

1667. 2

2/2 49005. 64 1. 246 3H 64442. 1 5d2 (a 3 P)6p 2

4 S° 1/2 47996. 48 1 2H 65643. 9

y

4 P° ok 5d2 {a 3 F) 7p to ->5 134 69310. 2

1 K 50419. 49 1. 725

2.

4 2/2 69483. 4 5d2 (o 3 F) 6p x

2 F° 2k 50910. 23

1429. 70 0. 88 5d 6s (a 3 D)7s 5(e 2 D?) 134 69963. 3

3/2 52339. 93 1. 162

5d2 (a 3 F)7p 3(e 4F?) 234 70666. 0

5

2 (a 3 F)6

p

w 2 D° iK 51133. 59

1569. 00 1. 074

2K 52702. 59 1. 26 7 IK 72159. 1 5d2 (a 3 P) 6

p

x

4 D° OH 52096. 4 621. 1 1976. 07

3754. 68

0. 722 8 IK 73147. 2

52717. 46 1. 43

2H 54693. 53 1. 276 5d 6s (a 3 D)7s 6(e 2 D?) 2K 73665. 1 3K 58448. 21 1. 14

9 iK 75158. 2

5d2 (b 4 D)6p w 2 F° 2H 52204. 7

1022. 6 3H 53227. 27 1. 132 10 234 75801. 1 5d2 (b 1 D)6p x

2 P° 0/2

1/2 52847. 6 55077. 0

2229. 4

1. 28

11 IK 76016. 4

12 2H 76585. 0 5d2 (a 3 P) 6p x

4 P° OH 53330. 5

163. 6

1566. 25

2. 394

1H 53494. 10 1. 544 13 IK 77163. 1 2K 55060. 35 1. 168

14 334 77314. 4 bd2 (a *G)6p z

2 H° 4H 53546. 17

3025. 44 1. 02

5H 56571. 61 1. 09 15 2K 79090. 7

5d2 (a 1 G)6p y

2 G° 3K 53972. 46 1666. 34 1. 175 5d2 (a 4 G)7s 16(e 2 G?) 3K 79804. 4 4H 55638. 80 1. 06

5d2 (a *G)7s 17(e 2 G?) 4K 81050. 9

5d2 (a 3 P) 6

p

w 2 P° 1/4 56345. 74 -1131. 91. 02

034 57477. 6 0. 72 18 4H 82100. 5

V

2 D° 1/4 19 4K 83129. 8 2H 58117. 4 1. 22

5d2 (a 3 P)6p u 2 D° 1/4 61318. 3

3345. 8 2H 64664. 1 Hf iii(3 F2) Limit 120000

January 1957. Hf ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p®

3d10 4s2 4p® 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p9 +

Observed Terms

5d 6s3 a 2 D

5cP /

b

4 P

\ b

2 P c2 D

b

4 F

b

2 F b2 G a 2 H

ns (n> 6) np (n>6)

5d2 (a 3 F)nx

{

a, e

4 F

a 2 F

y

4 D° w 2 D°

O

O 2

4 G°

2

2 G°

5d 6s(a 3 D)nx

{ e

2 D

O

O 2

4 D°

y

2 D°

2

4 F°

2

2 F°

5d2 (a 3 P)nx / a 4 P

l a

2 P

O

O x

4 P° w 2 P°

x

4 D°

u

2 D°

bd 6s (a x D)nx y

2 P° 22 D° y2 F°

bd2 (a l G)nx a, e

2 G V2 F° y2 G° 2

2 H°

5

2 (b ! D)nx b

2 D X2 P° x2 D° w 2 F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the La i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
TANTALUM

Ta I

73 electrons Z=73

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d3 6s2 4F1H

6s2 4FX ^ 63600 K I. P. 7.88 volts

The first regularities in Tai were reported by C. C. Kiess and Mrs. H. K. Kiess in 1933.

Subsequently, at the Zeeman Laboratory, Miss van den Berg, Klinkenberg, and van den Bosch

extended the study, and reported in 1952 that 1262 lines had been classified. In the 1956

reference below some theoretical aspects of this work are discussed.

The present analysis is by C. C. Kiess and Mrs. H. K. Kiess, who have continued their

study of Tai over a period of nearly 25 years, and furnished their unpublished data especially

for inclusion here. Their observations extend from 1953.08 A to 12139.58 A. The total

number of classified lines now exceeds 2300. Observed intersystem combinations connect the

systems of terms of different multiplicity.

They have not yet completed their analysis, and some designation assignments are tentative, as indicated by a question mark in column two of the table. Many of the levels are listed as miscellaneous owing to the departure from LN-coupling. During much of the work, R. E.

Trees has generously assisted by providing the predicted positions of even terms derived

from his theoretical calculations.

The observed (/-values given to three decimal places in the table are from spectrograms

taken by Harrison and his colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. All

Zeeman measurements used for the present work have been made by C. C. Kiess. The resulting

observed (/-values have been averaged for 46 even levels and 170 odd levels, and the work is

still in progress. This wealth of reliable Zeeman data for Tai exceeds that for any spectrum

known to the writer. For example, the tabular ^-values for a

4F1}^ (0.447± 0.002), and for a

4F2 ^ (1.031 ±0.004) each represent means of 38 determinations. For the remaining low even

levels the number of individual observations used for the final means fall into the following

groups

:

No. observations 30 to 34 20 to 28 10 to 15 1 to 9

No. (/-values 4 8 5 4

These Zeeman data should provide ideal material for a detailed study of (/-sharing and coupling

in a complex spectrum.

Many of the Tai lines exhibit wide hyperfine structure. Means of the hyperfine structure

components, weighted by intensity, have been used for such lines in the present work.

The limit is from the ns 4F series (n =6 to 8), and has been determined by means of a Rydberg formula.

REFERENCES

C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 11, 277, RP 589 (1933). (T)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, G. J. van den Berg, and J. C. van den Bosch, Physica 16, 861 (1950). (T) (C L) (Z E). C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41, 867 (A) (1951). (I P) G. J. van den Berg, Dissertation, Univ. Amsterdam, 76 pp (1951). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, G. J. van den Berg, and J. C. van den Bosch, Physica 17, 167 (L) (1951). (I P) (T) G. J. van den Berg, P. F. A. Klinkenberg, and J. C. van den Bosch, Physica 18, 221 (1952). (I P) (T) (C L)

(ZE)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) T. Kamei, Phys. Rev. 99, 789 (1955). (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955). (Summary hfs) TH. A. M. van Kleef and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Phys. Rev. 101, 489 (L) (1956). C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess, unpublished material (July 1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
150

Ta I Ta I

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 5d3 6s2 a 4 F IK

2H

3K

0. 00

2010. 10

3963. 92

2010. 10

1953. 82

19

0. 447

1. 031

1. 218 5d3 6s(a 5F)6p z «F° 5H

ok

23141. 4? 23355. 41 888. 01

937. 70

1404. 81

1147. 50

2627. 79

-0. 320

4K 5621. 04 1. 272 IK 24243. 42 1. 126 5d3 6s2 a 4 P OH 6049. 42

19. 49

3184. 52

2. 454

2H

3K

25181. 12

26585. 93

1. 239

1. 356

1/4 2H

6068. 91

9253. 43

1. 527

1. 580 ? 4H

5K

27733. 43

30361. 22

1. 390

1. 334 5d3 6s2 a 2 G 3K 9705. 38 984. 94 0. 912 5d4 (3 F)6s b 4 F IK 4K 10690. 32 1. 063 2K 23512. 34 1. 048

3K 5

4 (a 6D)6s a«D OH 9758. 97 91 R4 3. 020 4/2 1H 9975. 81

1267. 82

991 13

1. 542

2H 11243. 63 1. 641 5d3 6s (a 5 F)6p z 6 D° OK 24516. 69

222. 34

2055. 73

985. 86

986. 03

2. 888

3H 12234. 76

1116. 69 1. 578 IK 24739. 03 1. 620

4H 13351. 45 1. 533 ?? 2K 26794- 76 1. 416

5d? 6s2 a 2 P IK 10950. 22 -841. 91 1. 407

3K

4K

27780. 62

28766. 65

1. 374

1. 337

OH 11792. 13 1. 116

OH 24698. 70 5d5 a 6S 2H 11796. 14 2. 134

3H 24917. 90

5d3 6

2 a 2D 2H

1/2 12865. 97

15903. 77

-3037. 80 1. 214

1. 199 4H 24934. 58

2H 14875. 70? 4H 25185. 89

5d? 6s2 am 5H 15114. 14 -276. 87 1. 021 2K 25224. 06

4H 15391. 01 1. 014

4H 25376. 41

5(P 6s2 a 2 F 2H 17224. 47

158. 65 0. 882

3H 17383. 12 1. 125 IK 25478. 30 5d3 6s (a 5 F)6p 2 6 G° 1/2 17384. 65 1793 80 5d? 6s (a 5 F)6p y 4 D° OK 25512. 63

851. 06

1770. 19

0. 028

2H 19178. 45 1381 81 0. 851 1/2 26363. 69 1. 393

3H 20560. 26 2121. 45

2327. 12

1. 194 2H 28133. 88 1. 394

4H

5H

22681. 71 25008. 83

1. 231

1. 302

3H

6H 5d2 6

2 (a 3 P) Qp z 4 P° ? 2K 26219. 62 -370. 41 -276. 02

1. 338

2H 17993. 74 0. 732

IK

OH

26590. 03

26866. 05

1. 576

2. 650

5d? 6s2 (a 3 F)6p 2 4D° OH 18504. 72

1153. 06

1509. 83

2759. 07

0. 172 4K 26678. 4? in 19657. 78 1. 018

2K 21167. 61 1. 120 3K 26960. 46 1. 223

3/2 23926. 68 1. 326

2K 27167. 82 1. 606 5cP 6s2 (a 3 P)6p 2 2 S° OK 20340. 39 1. 956

5H 27783. 01 1. 351 5d*(b 8H)6s a 4 H 3/2 20646. 54

506. 79

1275. 23

1086. 30

0. 818

4K 21153. 33 1. 089 3K 28182. 60 1. 115

5K 22428. 56 1. 159

6K 23514. 86 1. 217 5K 28285. 99 5d2 6s2 (a 3P) 6p 2 2D° IK 20772. 32

1275. 13 0. 812 IK 28689. 31 1. 356

2K 22047. 45 1. 179

4K 28766. 65 1. 337 2K 21091. 53 5d*(a 5D)6s a 4 D OK 22235. 97 -854. 96

3165. 19

2028. 82

2/ 28862. 01 1. 247

IK

2K

21381. 01

24546. 20

1. 020

1. 294 2K 29343. 46 0. 814

3H 26575. 02 1. 42

3K 29722. 95 1. 217 5d*(b 3 G)6s a 4 G 2K 21622. 92

1138. 29

1151 68

0. 894

3K 22761. 21 1. 008 5d3 6s (a 5 P) 6p y 6 D° OH 29902. 27 762. 39

1822. 09

1607. 91

2. 994

4K

5K

23912. 89

26022. 74 2109. 85 1. 1851. 260 1 K

2H

30664- 66

32486. 75

1. 812

1. 687

5d3 6s (a 6F)6p

3K 34094. 66 1. 515 2 4 F° IK 21855. 07

1508. 02

1618. 76

944. 49

0. 666 4H

2K 23363. 09 1. 078

3/2 24981. 85 1. 235 3H 30015. 61 4H 25926. 34 1. 292

3K 22380. 53 1. 060 4K 30021. 20 1. 186

2K 22434. 37 3H 30590. 95 1. 043

IK 22842. 84 0. 894 5d3 6s (a 6 P)6p z 4 S° 1/2 30894. 67 1. 808
151

Ta I—Continued Ta I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d

3 6s (a 6 P)6p 2 «P° i X 31066. 34 895. 08

1236. 33

2. 108 5d

3 6s (a 3 G)6p y4 G° ? 2/ 86825. 97

1853. 08

2007. 37

0. 825

2K 31961. 42 1. 684 3/ 88679. 05 1. 055

3/2 33197. 75 1. 568 4/ 40686. 42 1. 208

5/

2/2 31428. 05

3/ 37143. 25

5s2 6

s

2 (a 3 P)6

p

2 2 P°

0/2 31500. 99 0. 758

1/2 2/2 87145. 60 1. 501

4/2 31530. 02 1. 086 0/2 87461. 46 1. 257

1/2 31553. 89 0. 888 1 / 37523. 54 0. 973

3/2 31600. 95 1. 089 3/ 87561. 25 1. 242

3/2 32132. 38 0. 846 2/2 37630. 09 1. 211

1/2 32214. 94 0. 728 1/2 37760. 67 0. 518

5/2 33070. 28 1. 349 5<23 6s (a 3 H)6p 2

4I° ? 4/ 37942. 84 1525 79 0. 878

2/

? 5/ 39468. 63 1443. 20 1. 040

33184. 97 1. 273 6/2 40911. 83

4/2 7/

33497. 15 1. 031

3/ 38258. 39 1. 112

4/2 33615. 49 1. 067

5d/a 5D)6p y

8F° 0/ 88507. 54 1080 27 0. 730

2/ 34001. 16 1. 140 1/2 89587. 81 1993 17 1. 083

1/2 2/ 41580. 98 1 OQO 39 1. 366

34078. 42 1. 089 3/ 43177. 37 1 099 97 1. 356

2/2 4/ 44806. 64 1032. 11 1. 417

34792. 22 1. 483 5/ 45838. 75 1. 280

3/2 34799. 71 1. 210 1/2 38545. 70 1. 359

4/2 35217. 94 1. 582 2/ 38758. 75 0. 952

1/2 35242. 94 1. 534 0/2 88845. 25 0. 460

4/2 35497. 65 0. 940 1/2 38994- S3 1. 027

1/2 35721. 0 1. 010 2/ 39059. 52 1. 054

3/2 35746. 18 1. 101 1/2 39253. 07 1. 128

5/2 35813. 47 1. 200 4/ 39422. 40 1. 143

2/2 35876. 47 1. 490 0/ 39490. 14 0. 560

2/2 35925. 09 3/ 39526. 7

5d3 6s (a 3 H)6p 2

4 G° ? 2/2 36013. 97

785. 91

13. 44

1697. 06

0. 985 3/ 39641. 24 1. 090

3/2

4/2 36799. 88

38813. 32

1. 133

1. 088 2/ 89688. 20 0. 930

5/ 40510. 88 1. 264

2/ 89786. 52 1. 065

2/ 36069. 2

3/ 39936. 13 1. 295

5ds 6s (a 3 H)6p 2

4 H° ? 3/2 86159. 18

917. 58

1117 ^1

0. 852

? 4/2 87076. 71 1. 046 1/2 40280. 01 1. 232

5/2

6/2 38194- 22

89860. 68 1166. 461. 061 0/2 40244- 74 1. 056

O/2 86345. 8 0. 536 3/ 40333. 03 1. 159

5cP 6s (a 3 G)6p y

4 F° ? 1/2 2/2 36580. 06

38447. 99 1867. 93 0. 716

1. 045 1/2 40339. 2 0. 956

3/

4/2 3/ 40755. 90 1. 134

4/2 36631. 15 1. 211 2/ 40851. 61 1. 265
152

Ta I—Continued Ta I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 3K 40SSL 79 1. 245 2H 41010. 07 1. 227

5d* 6s (a *F)7e 6F oy2 41151. 26

443. 57

906. 76

1480. 84

1654. 40

1682. 74

-0. 657 l y 41594. 83 0. 996 2y2 42501. 59 1. 250 3y 43982. 43 1. 433 4y2 45636. 83 1. 411 5y2 47319. 57 1. 434

oy2 41179. 9 0. 434 i X 41197. 67 1. 335 3y 41256. 56 1. 533 2y? 41584. 94

41692. 64 1. 183 2% 41879. 23 1. 199

oy2 41902. 92 0. 745

3y2 42017. 95 1. 107

vy 42178. 76?

4/2 42247. 00 1. 268 1 y 42408. 16 1. 227

3/2 42751. 72 1. 170 1 X 42778. 70 1. 321

2y2 42844 78 1. 409 3k 42953. 1 1. 046? 2K 42982. 8 1. 172 4K 43090. 28 1. 222

1/2 43167. 07 1. 135

5/2 43185. 09 1. 219 2^ 43239. 22 0. 973 4y2 43391. 71

5d*(a *D)6p yW° oy2 43478. 20 1211 11 2. 18

1/2 44689. 31

1634. 00 1. 809

2/2 46323. 31 1. 601

4/2 43493. 24?

2/2 43496. 65 1. 22 3y 43533. 3 1. 215 2H 43550. 78 0. 945

1/2 43818. 63 1. 642

2/2 43880. 84 1. 284 5cP 6s(a 5 F) 7s e 4 F 1H 43964. 50 497. 10

3355. 56

2692. 5 2^

3J4 4K

44461. 60

47817. 16

50509. 7

0. 988

iy 44095. 95 5y2 44141- 81 1. 122

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

oy2 44146. 16 0. 714 3% 44165. 58 1. 067 4% 44173. 62 1. 115

iy 44350. 19 1. 309

2y 44386: 40 1. 179

4y2 44402. 56 1. 146

iy 44483. 96 1. 034

5(1* (a 5 D)6p

x «D° 0y 44518. 10 798 1 9

2. 378 1 y 45246. 22 Q

1. 85 2y 45255. 98 1 1

e;*} £1 1. 662 3y 46409. 79 1390 02 1. 532

±y 47799. 81 3y 44669. 23 1. 682 3y2 44693. 40 1. 227

5y2 45057. 34 1. 056 3 y2 45114. 71 1. 337

5di (a 6 D)6p 2/ 8 P° iy 45241. 73 472 95 1. 245 2y2 45714- 68 1907 20

3y2 47621. 88 1 y 45276. 39 3y 45648. 26 1. 264 1 y 45723. 58 1. 112 3 y 45841- 6 3y? 46060. 6 2y 46116. 93 1. 254

3y 46172. 44 1. 186

iy 46176. 76 0. 896 5y 46552. 13 1. 266

iy 46887. 79 0. 737 2y2 46933. 38 1 y 46974. 03 1. 871 2y 46981. 89

3y2 47013. 02

5y 47339. 48

2y 47397. 06 3 y 47625. 01

3/2 47931. 16 3y 48069. 61 2y 48290. 45 2y2 48369. 35 4y 48468. 96 4y2 49149. SO
153

Ta I—Continued Ta I—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3% 49551. 0? 5d3 6s (a 5 F) 8s /

4 F Vi

2/2 3y2

54440. 57 0. 502

3/2 49599. 21

4/2 3y 49882. 51

2/2 54481. 09

2K 49981. 32

4/2 55232. 59

y-/* 50014- 07

2/2 56050. 2

1/2 50145. 55

1 X 58391. 76

4/2 50439. 3

itf 58583. 88

1 Vi 50877. 75 oy2 61551. 17 3/2 51418. 1 2y 61737. 0

3}{ 51982. 5

1/2 61789. 26

4/4 iy2

52723. 73

52907. 8 Ta iiOFO Limit .63600

July 1957.

Ta i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 +

Observed Terms

5d3 6s2 / a

4 P

\ a

2 P a 2 D

a

4 F

a 2 F a

2 G a 2 H

5d5 a 6 S

ns (n>6) np (n >6)

5d3 6s(a 5F)nx

{

e

6 F

*,/ 4 F

z

6 D°

y

4 D°

z

6 F°

z

4 F°

z

6 G°

5d2 6s2 (a 3 F)nx z

4 D°

5d2 6s2 (a 3 P)nx

{

z

4 P°

z

2 S° z

2 P° z2 D°

5d3 6s (a 5 P) nx

{

z «P°

z

4 S°

y

9 D°

5d3 6s(o 3 G)nx y

4 F° y4 G°

5d4 (a 5 D) nx / 0

6 D

\ a

4 D

y ®P°

y

4 P°

x ®D° y

6 F°

5

d

3 6s (a 3 H)nx z

4 G° z4 H° z

4 I° 5d4 (5 3 H)nx a

4 H

5d4 (5 3 G) nx a 4 G

5d4 (

3 F)nx b4 F

*For predicted terms of the Tai isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
(Hf i sequence; 72 electrons) Z=73

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5

3 6s5Fi

a

5FX K I. P. volts

A preliminary list of 115 levels and ^-values for Ta n was published in 1950; seven more

levels were added in 1951. The present analysis is by Kiess, who has revised and greatly

extended the early work especially for inclusion here. His observations range from 2000 A to 5300 A and include some 2400 lines, of which about 1000 are classified. Observed intersystem

combinations connect the systems of terms having different multiplicity.

The three-place gr-values in the table are from Zeeman spectrograms taken at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; two-place values are from Bureau spectrograms.

In his recent work Kiess has greatly benefited by the theoretical investigations of Trees.

In particular, one level at 16424 K listed in the 1950 paper has been rejected, and one at 23294 K

has been assigned a revised J-value, on the basis of Trees’ work.

No series are known for Ta n. From a study of screening constants Finkelnburg and

Humbach interpolate an ionization potential of 16.2 ±0.5 volts. This places the limit near 130700 K.

REFERENCES

C. C. Kiess, G. R. Harrison, and W. J. Hitchcock, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 44, 245, RP 2075 (1950). (T)

( z E). G. J. van den Berg, Dissertation pp 26, 38 (Univ. Amsterdam 1951). (T) (Z E)

B. M. Brown and D. H. Tomboulian, Phys. Rev. 88, 1158 (1952); 91, 1580 (1953). (hfs) R. E. Trees, W. F. Cahill, and P. Rabinowitz, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 55, 335, RP 2639 (1955).

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P) R. E. Trees, unpublished material (April 1957).

C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (April 1957). (T) (C L) (Z E)

Ta II Ta II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d3 (

4 F) 6s a

5F 12

34

5

0. 00

1031. 33

2642. 19

4415. 70

6186. 72

1031. 33

1610. 86

1773. 51

1771. 02

0. 000

1. 008

1. 250

1. 350

1. 33

5d

2 6s2

5d?(2 T>)6s

a *G

a

3 D

4

12

3

14205. 53

14627. 75

17168. 50

18553. 83

2540. 75

1385. 33

0. 850

1. 211

1. 33

5d

2 6s2 a3 F 2

34

3180. 04

6831. 35

9746. 33

3651. 31

2914. 98

0. 750

1. 098

1. 225

5d3

(2 H) 6s a

3 H 4

5

6

15851. 12 1. 16

5d2 6s* o

3 P 0

12

4124. 77

5330. 66

5658. 00

1205. 89

327. 34

0. 000

1. 550

1. 340

5d3 (

4 P) 6s b

3 P 0

12

17375. 11 18500. 60 1125. 49 1. 171

1. 462

5d3

(4 F) 6s 6

3 F 2

34

9690. 46

14581. 00

18493. 67

4890. 54

3912. 67

1. 063

1. 004

1. 23

5cP(2 F)6s c

3 F 2

3

4

22928. 62

23620. 36

23082. 70

691. 74

-537. 66

0. 700

1. 076

1. 026

5d3

(

4 P)6s a

5 P 123

10713. 30

11875. 46

12435. 85

1162. 16

560. 39

2. 374

1. 48

1. 614

5d?(2 D)&s b

J D 2 23294. 70 1. 120

5d?(?G)6s a

3 G 34

5

11767. 14

12705. 32

12830. 94

938. 18

125. 62

0. 915

1. 021

1. 280

5d3

(

2 P)6s c

3 P 0

12

23381. 19 0. 000

5 d* a

5 D 0

12

34

12600. 87

13475. 40

14494. 90

15726. 06

17231. 22

874. 53

1019. 50

1231. 16

1505. 16

0. 000

1. 510

1. 472

1. 476

1. 23

5d3

(2 P)6s

5d

4

a *P

b

3 H

1

4

5

6

23406. 14

24432. 78

25413. 95

981. 17

1. 15

0. 978

1. 052

5d2 6s2 a *D 2 13560. 25 1. Ill 5d3 (

2 F)6s a *F 3 24869. 61 0. 995
155

Ta II—Continued Ta II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d* b

3 G 3

A 26829. 09 0. 855 5 46295. 07

5

S D° 2 46887. 28 1. 31

2 29256. 87 0. 522 4 46645. 81 1. 210

1 83706. 50 0. 291 3 46831. 89 1. 204

2 88715. 15 0. 800 2 46850. 69 1. 097

3 86112. 97 3 47169. 18 1. 093

2 86177. 12 0. 947 4 47280. 92 1. 198

3 86763. 73 1. 169 2 47514. 61 1. 292

1 86987. 78 0. 685 1 47596. 02

5Q° 2 37230. 80 0. 64 0 47800. 95

5JTO 2 38515. 55 1. 026 3 47825. 41 1. 198

5JT° 1 88585. 26 0. 472 0 48064. 50

5G° 3 38962. 38 1. 001 2 48166. 44

5JT° 3 89295. 83 1. 140 2 48228. 11 1. 448

5G° 4 89748. 64 1. 222 4 48470. 85 1. 268

0 40023. 76 2 48666. 55 1. 137

2 40233. 58 1. 158 1 48776. 86 0. 750

1 40304. 78 1. 232 3 48962. 66 1. 275

2 41145. 00 1. 161 2 49080. 44 1. 33

1 41355. 06 1. 893 3 49536. 28 1. 318

3 41554. 52 1. 204 2 49592. 90 1. 63

5 41709. 02 3 49646. 60 1. 045

4 41775. 29 0. 72 1 49887. 03 2. 023

5JT° 4 42122. 91 1. 265 4 49937. 82

2 42153. 82 1. 210 3 51073. 88 1. 156

3 42959. 59 1. 117 2 51197. 32 1. 363

2 43064. 95 1. 061 1 51326. 37 1. 052

3 43544. 44 1. 086 2 51534. 21 1. 317

1 43553. 87 1. 50 3 52121. 22 1. 088

4 44005. 16 1 52155. 76 1. 618

1 44206. 19 0. 255 3 52580. 41 1. 403

2 44259. 20 1. 251 1 52824- 53 0. 930

3 44430. 38 0. 950 3 58465. 72 1. 226

5D° 0 44434. 70 0. 00 2 53644. 82 1. 339

5po 5 44585. 88 1. 245 2 54538. 78 1. 035

4 44626. 00 1. 264 3 54648. 81 0. 935

3 44335. 23 1. 34 3 55128. 86 1. 250

5D° 1 45233. 85 1. 461 3 55543. 11 1. 46

2 45446. 91 1. 150 2 56018. 75 0. 991

1 46174. 63 1. 361 4 56142. 49 1. 26

4 46286. 97 1. 405 4 56752. 94 1. 22

April 1957.
TUNGSTEN

W I

74 electrons Z=74

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d4 6s2 6D0

a

6D0 64400 K I. P. 7.98 volts

The spectrum needs further critical study. The analysis is chiefly from Laporte and Mack,

who have reported 300 levels with 201 “tentative” y-values, and 2378 classified lines between

2008.64 A and 10477.97 A. Their observational material was taken mostly from the literature,

supplemented by Mack’s observations made at Princeton for the region short of 2500 A. The

earlier work by Catalan and Poggio and by Laun was revised and extended by these authors.

Later, the spectrum was observed by Kiess at the National Bureau of Standards in the

region longer than 2000 A. Short of this limit, observations were made by Boyce with the

Carnegie Institution Spectrograph. Laun measured these spectrograms and prepared a complete line list extending from 1783.734 A to 7727.14 A. The earlier long-wave Bureau measure- ments used by Mack and Laporte are quoted in Laun’s revised line list to extend the observations to 10477.97 A.

Laun has revised the published level values, changed some J-values, and added more than

50 new levels. His unpublished material has been furnished for inclusion here. The writer

has tentatively retained 4 of the 16 published levels rejected by Laun. There are now approximately 3700 classified lines. Mack and Laporte assigned a number of configurations and term designations to- the known

levels. Murakawa has confirmed some of the configuration assignments from a study of the

isotope displacement effect, worked out from observations of the hyperfine structure of W i. He attributes some levels, also, to the 5dP 6s2 6p configuration.

The term and configuration assignments in the table are tentative. The writer has consulted Racah, and included some of his very provisional rearrangements of known levels,

although they are far from definitive. She has also made a few other changes on the basis of

the present known combinations. Observations indicate that the line at 4008.753 A (

7S3 —

T^)

is the raie ultime. From this evidence the z

7P° term in the table belongs predominantly to the

configuration 5d

5 (a 6S)6^, instead of 5

4 6s(a 6D)6p, as published. The 7P° term from the

latter configuration is apparently not yet known.

Mack feels that grouping of levels into terms is not justifiable in W i because of the departure from LS'-coupling. The writer has, however, retained the arrangement by terms

among lower levels, in spite of considerable overlapping. This plan conforms to the general

format of these Volumes and facilitates a ready comparison of the relative positions of the

terms, the term intervals, and the observed ^-values among similar spectra. She urges the

users to bear in mind the reservations regarding this format that are described in the 1943

paper, and to consult this paper for further details.

The observed gr-values are quoted from the 1943 paper by Laporte and Mack, pending

further study of Zeeman spectrograms taken at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

There are more than 50 given only to tenths; these are urgently in need of revision based on

present observations.

The limit is from Laporte and Mack. It is derived by a Rydberg formula from the

5d4 6s(6D)ns 6D0 series (n=6,7) corrected by —2.8 percent. This Ritz correction from other

spectra may need further revision when more series are known for neighboring spectra.
157

Wi—Continued

REFERENCES

D. D. Laun, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 21, 207, RP 1125 (1938). (T) O. Laporte and J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 63, 246 (1943). (I P) (T) (C L)

K. Murakawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 8, 215 (1953). (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955).

(Summary hfs) D. D. Laun, unpublished material (June 1955). (T) (C L) G. Racah, letter, (March 1956).

Wi Wl

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d* 6s2 a 5 D 0

12

34

0. 00

1670. 30

3325. 53

4830. 00

6219. 33

1670. 30

1655. 23

1504. 47

1389. 33

0/0

1. 51

1. 48

1. 50

1. 49

5

d

4 6s (a ®D)6p z ®F° 12

34

5

25988. 60

27662. 52

29189. 11 81482. 91

83870. 03

1678. 92

1476. 59

2293. 80

1937. 12

0. 54

1. 21

1. 06

1. 32

1. 39

5

d

5 (o ®S)6s a7S 3 2951. 29 1. 98 5

d

5 (a ®S) 6p z

7P° 2 26229. 77 1258 34 1. 84

3 27488. 11 401. 57 1. 72

5d* 6s2 a 3 P 0

12

9528. 07

13307. 06

19253. 58

3778. 99

5946. 52

0/0

1. 32

1. 18

4

2

27889. 68

26867. 28

1. 71

0. 87

5d* 6s2 a

3 H 4 12161. 95

2907. 99

1938. 56

0. 99 5

d

4 6s (o ®D)6p z

5 D° 0 26629. 46 1149 04 0/0

5

6 15069. 94

17008. 50

1. 05

1. 4

12 27778. 50

29195. 84

1417. 34

717. 01

2915. 27

1. 25

1. 28

5d* 6s2 a 3 G 34

5

13348. 54

16431. 28

19826. 04

3082. 74

3394. 76

0. 92

1. 02

1. 20

34

5

29912. 85

82828. 12

27849. 84

1. 31

1. 7

5

d

4 6s2 a 3 F 2

34

13777. 70

17701. 14

17107. 02

3923. 44

-594. 12

1. 09

1. 02

1. 19

5d4 6s (a ®D)6p z®P° 12

3

28198. 90

29893. 40

30586. 64

1194. 50

1193. 24 1. 83

1. 64

5d* 6s2 a

3 D 3 15459. 99

483. 78

-3106. 59

1. 17 5 28233. 44

2

1 14976. 2118082. 80

1. 06

0. 7 6 28392. 72 5d5 (a 4 G)6s a

5 G 2 18116. 84

857. 63

281. 76

278. 81

113. 52

1. 08 1 80688. 52 1. 39

3 18974. 47 1. 06

4 19256. 23 1. 20 1 81323. 48 0. 86

5 19535. 04 1. 21

6 19648. 56 1. 32 2 81817. 63 1. 52

5

d

5 (a 6 S) 6s a

5 S 2 18280. 48 1. 43 3 82288. 02 1. 3

5d* 6s(a ®D)6p z

7F° 0 19889. 48 674. 87

1384. 46

1598. 55

1716. 08

1913. 09

2966. 58?

0/0 0 82386. 51

12

34

5

6

20064. 80

21448. 76

28047. 31

24768. 89

26676. 48

29648. 06 ?

1. 54

1. 48

1. 53

1. 50

1. 46

3

2

2

82957. 58

83141. 88

83944. 06

1. 43

1. 51

a

5 P? 32

1

19827. 67

20983. 06

20427. 81 -1155. 39

555. 25

1. 28

2. 1

4

3

34121. 63

34228. 60

1. 5

0 20174. 28 1 84342. 41 1. 56

5

d

4 6s (a ®D)6p z

7D° 12

34

21 453. 90

28964. 67

26189. 20

28797. 24

2510. 77

2224. 53

2608. 04

976. 10

2. 51

1. 93

1. 80

1. 61

3

2

34354. 08

84485. 86

0. 71

0. 82

5 29773. 84 1. 55 4 34682. 58 0. 89

®D? 4 22476. 68 1. 48 1 34719. 83 0. 15

0 22773. 84 4 85116. 78 1. 2 ®F? 5 22852. 84 1. 2 2 35811. 64 1. 0

«D? 3 23930. 10 1. 4 3 85499. 15 1. 0
158

W I—Continued W I—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

2 S57SL 94 1. 5 2 41104. 62 1. 5 3 85943. 17 1. 4 0 41127. 88 0/0 4 86082. 28 1. 24 6 41171. 44

1 36190. 46 1. 62 4 41198. 16 1. 22

5 86275. 10 1. 27 6 41417. 48 1. 23

0 36588. 29 3 41499. 48 1. 11

2 86673. 70 1. 50 2 41588. 19 1. 06

3 86874. 86 1. 50 3 41694. 84 1. 28

2 86904. 14 1. 57 2 41734. 18 1. 1 4 87146. 84 1. 1 • 4 41871. 94 1. 11 5 87809. 18 1. 25 0 41965. 21

2 87466. 80 1. 28 2 41978. 61 0. 8

3 87674. 08 1. 13 6 42289. 04

1 87778. 96 3 42251. 51 1. 32

4 88001. 12 1. 1 1 42262. 80 1. 5

3 88053. 05 1. 11 2 42449. 60

6 88208. 12 4 42450. 24

3 88206. 38 3 42514. 14 1. 22

4 88259. 40 1 42578. 47 1. 3

1 88355. 81 3 42601. 19 1. 12 0 88576. 14 5 42866. 00 1. 11 4 38748. 44 4 42910. 74 1. 18 2 39080. 25 5 43084. 10

1 89183. 20 1. 01 0 48053. 86 0/0 5 89861. 01 1. 13 1 48217. 82 1. 3

5 89614. 05 1. 20 2 48227. 66 1. 3

1 89686. 62 1. 44 4 48251. 00 1. 14

3 89646. 41 1. 46 7 48411. 50 1. 20

2 89707. 02 1. 00 5d* 6s (a ®D)7s e

7D 1 43451. 98 14R7 2. 83

4

2

39719. 96

40011. 50

1. 17

1. 0

2

34

5

44919. 84

46496. 62

47975. 54

49354. 68

1576. 78

1478. 92

1379. 14

1. 9

1. 74

1. 68

1. 7

4 40283. 97 1. 53 3 43478. 58 1. 3

3 40269. 85 1. 03 2 48514. 67 0. 9

1 40411. 12 1. 58 4 43720. 87

5 40476. 42 1. 04 5 48741• 37 1. 09

4 40683. 07 3 48850. 84 1. 17 3 40665. 86 0. 96 1 48892. 63 1. 05

1 40770. 78 1. 28 5 48924. 25 1. 2

2 40868. 89 1. 26 2 48975. 22 1. 15

5 40911. 97 1. 03 4 48985. 41 1. 24

3 1 40923. 88 1. 32 3 44021. 00 1. 2
159

W I—Continued W I—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

1 44555. 45 1. 02 4 47360. 19

2 44557. 60 1. 1 3 47361. 77 1. 3

6 44390. 42 1. 28 2 47442. 53

3 44447. 02 1. 38 3 47483. 70 1. 29

5 44546. 76 1. 3 6 47541. 55 1. 23

2 44596. 28 1. 11 3 47593. 44 1. 2

1 44737. 21 1. 1 4 47689. S3 1. 4

6 44923. 90 1. 23 5 47850. 86

4 44940. 57 1. 20 4 47968. 62 1. 23

7 44970. 72 1. 20 5 48138. 39 1. 2

3 45014. 54 1. 3 3 48170. 67

2 45019. 02 2 48244. 29 1. 4

4 45116. 77 1. 2 7 48250. 70

bdA 6s(a 8D)7s e

8D 0

12

45225. 22

46458. 30

48078. 32

1233. 08

1620. 02

1577 72

0/0

1. 55

23

48318. 85

48326. 43

1. 4

34

49656. 04

51123. 14

1467. 10 1. 66

1. 4 1 48389. 96

4 45262. 55 1. 1 4 48676. 08 1. 20

1 45373. 99 6 48684. 68

2 45432. 27 0. 63 1 48788. 10

5 45451. 63 1. 16 3 49072. 14 1. 26

3 45551. 32 1. 30 4 49147. 95

3 45677. 69 1. 24 2 49151. 94

1 45760. 80 5 49187. 92 1. 25

5 45789. 14 1. 19 2 49270. 16

4 45869. 10 1. 36 3 49417. 93

2 45902. 48 0. 5 1 4944S. 68

3 46068. 02 1. 46 3 49514. 34 1. 3

1 46104. 64 2 49517. 26

6 46106. 21 4 49636. 57

1 46291. 66 2 49699. 57 1. 9

2 46327. 75 0. 8 4 49788. 58

3 46385. 46 1. 4 0 49798. 44

5 46506. 37 1. 38 3 49966. 03

4 46625. 05 1. 14 5 50137. 55 1. 11

6 46672. 21 1. 18 3 50185. 70

2 46806. 45 1. 1 4 50284. 68 1. 03

5 46854. 80 1. 21 6 50429. 181

4 46931. 84 1. 0 2 50494. 54

2 47079. 40 1. 3 1 50533. 54

1 47255. 55 2 50718. 90

2 47337. 79 0. 9 3 50800. 44 1 . 0
160

W I—Continued W I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5 50500. 07 4 54118. 78

4 50894. 09 5 54310. 80

4 50909. 47 1. 2 1 54419. 65

1 50949. 07 3 54556. 43

6 50951. 90 6 54733. 88

3 51072. 18 2 54859. 15

2 51182. 41 6 54895. 96

5 51290. 75 4 54911. 61

3 51600. 58 1 54941. 01

2 51606. 80 5 65009. 23

2 51698. 85 2 55032. 67

1 51763. 44 4 55043. 34

4 51856. 10 2 55084. 01 6 51978. 68 4 55333. 12 1. 45

3 52015. 28 3 55389. SO

4 52059. 78 5 55455. 82

2 52064. 02 5 55492. 22

5 52081. 09 3 55546. 06

2 52152. 62 2 55619. 65

2 52183. 20 7 55690. 82

3 52255. 80 5 55795. 48

2 52284. 76 2 55835. 14

5 62895. 62 1 55859. 35

4 62486. 44 4 55867. 24

2 62503. 41 4 55955. 86

5 52774. 14 5 55987. 90

6 62855. 98 3 56108. 52

3 52948. 48 4 56174. 68

4 52992. 69 4 56255. 65

1 53042. 02 5 56280. 48

4 58118. 29 3 56484. 38

5 53194. 25 1. 3 4 56602. 10

6 58228. 40 6 56526. 61 4 53238. 41 5 56573. 54

3 53345. 53 3 56717. 16

3 58890. 42 4 56831. 67

2 53669. 82 6 56832. 90

1 53847. 77 5 57143. 48

4 58848. 63 6 57148. 92

5 58862. 72 5 57560. 81 2 58959. 28 6 57702. SO
161

W I—Continued W I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4 57803. 66? 5 59263. 63

6 57919. 17 6 59410. 53

3 58091. 56 2 59422. 00

5 58179. 39 5 59673. 32

3 58206. 03 2 59999. 12

5 58562. 70 4 60385. 09

3 58644- 10 5 60741. 46

4 58777. 80 5 62154- 50

5 58903. 98

6 59128. 82 W n(6D0*) Limit 64400

4 59171. 71

March 1956. W x Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 +

Observed Terms

5d4 6s2 / a

5 D

\ a 3 P a 3 D a

3 F a3 G a 3 H

ns (n>6) np (n > 6)

5d5 (a 6S)nx fa 7 S

\ a

3 S

3

7 P°

5

d

5 (a 4 G)nx

5d* 6s (a 6 D)nx

{

a

5 G

e

7D

e

5 D

2

7 D° z7 F°

z spo 2 5D° 2 5F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the W i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Wn

(Ta i sequence; 73 electrons) Z=74

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5

p

6 5d4 6s 6D0^

a

6Doh K I. P. volts

In 1938 a preliminary analysis was published by Laun. Later Kiess reobserved the

spectrum and Zeeman effect, at the National Bureau of Standards, in the region longer than

2000 A. Short of 2000 A, observations were made by Boyce with the Carnegie Spectrograph.

Laun has measured these spectrograms and extended his earlier analysis especially for inclusion

here. There are more than 1,250 classified lines between 1756.684 A and 6219.77 A.

Mack and Mrs. Taschek have added seven new levels and the three-place y-values listed

in the table. Their Zeeman data have been taken from observations made with the Bitter

magnet, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
162

W IIContinued

The authors have a decided preference for arrangement by levels throughout the spectrum

because the departure from .LS-coupling makes it difficult to assign term designations except

for the lowest terms. The writer has retained the listing by terms for the lower levels in con- formance with the general format adopted for these Volumes. A ready comparison of term

intervals and observed ^-values can thus be made with similar spectra.

The higher levels are listed in increasing numerical order. By analogy with Mo n, and

from an examination of the observed gr-values, Kiess and the writer have assigned tentative

designations to a number of these miscellaneous levels. These should be confirmed by

further study. They are consistent with theoretical calculations made by Trees.

No series have been detected in W n. From a study of screening constants, Finkelnburg

and Humbach interpolate an ionization potential of 17.7 ±0.5 volts.

REFERENCES

D. D. Laun, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 21, 207, RP 1125 (1938). (T) (C L)

W. Finkelnburg and W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P)

D. D. Laun, unpublished material (March 1956). (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack and I. M. Taschek, unpublished material (April 1956). (T) (Z E)

Wll Wil

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d* (®D)6s a ®D oy2 0. 00

1518. 78

1653. 74

1543. 80

1430. 84

3. 186 5d® 4 F 3A 22194. 08 1. 119

1 X

2V2 1518. 78

3172. 52

1. 839

1. 639 5d4 (

3 P) 6s 2 p 1 H 22503. 06 1. 22

3X 4716. 32 1. 563

4/2 6147. 16 1. 522 5d4

(3 D)6$ 4 D 3A 23046. 80

5d® a eS 2V2 7420. 43 1. 913 5d® 4F 4y2 23234. 87 1. 249

5d4

(

3 F)6a a 4 F ix 8711. 26

2589. 82

2110. 88

1445. 26

0. 624 5d® 4 D 2y2 23450. 50 1. 297

2/2 11301. 08 1. 084

3>2 4X13411. 96

14857. 22

1. 186

1. 234

5d® 4 D 3/2 23803. 84

5d® 21 5A 23955. 40 1. 10 5d4 (3P)6s a

4 P 0/2 8832. 66

1759. 86

2841. 58

2. 383

1/2 2X

10592. 52

13434. 10

1. 471

1. 526

5d® 4 F IX 24991. 56

5d® 4 P 1/2 25169. 87 1. 64

5d4 (®D)6s a

4 D 0y2 13173. 38

1460. 98

333. 46

179. 20

0. 455

IX 14634. 36 1. 183 5d4 (

3 H)6s 2H 4y2 26158. 74

2H 14967. 82 1. 013

3H 15147. 02 0. 872 5d® 4 P 2H 26227. 00

5d4

( 3 G)6s a 4 G 2y 16234. 84

354. 83

-36. 53

883. 88

0. 995 5d4

(3H)6s 3 H 5X 26929. 34

3 % 16589. 67 1. 153

4V2 16553. 14 1. 137 5d4 (®D)6p oy2 36165. 35 0. 678

5y2 17437. 02 1. 181

5d4 »S° ox 38576. 32 1. 614 (

8 P) 6p

5d4

(

3H)6s 4H 3/2 18000. 70 1. 098

5d* (®D) 6p ix 39129. 41 1. 147

5d® 3 D 1 X 18990. 96 0. 90

2X 39936. 81 0. 889

5d* 4 G 4^ 19070. 68 1. 102

5d® 5d4 («D)6p #F° 2X 42049. 45 1. 292

4 G 2y2 19276. 52 0. 997

ix 42298. 20 1. 498

5d4 (3P) 6s 2 P oy2 19404, 08 0. 64

3X 42390. 27 1. 161

5d4 (

3H)6s 4H 6y2 19442. 54

2X 44554• 82 1. 390

5d® 2D 2X 19637. 38 1. 102 ox 44455. 18 -0. 217

5d« 5d®

4 G

4 D

3X

IX

20039. 74 1. 117

4X 44758. 10 1. 270

20455. 93

5d« 4 G 5/2 20534. 35 1. 197 5d4 (®D)6p < p° 3X 44877. 18 1. 277

5d4 (

3 fl)6s 4H *X 20780. 38 1. 065 IX 44911. 63 1. 221

5d® *F 2A 22139. 97 1. 06 oy2 45457. 02 0. 519
163

W II—Continued W II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

IK 4555S. 70 1. 033 2K 54375. 82

3K 46175. 42 1. 452 OK 54408. 60

2/2 46855. 40 1. 236 3K 54498. 57

5d4 (

5D)6p ep° 4/ 46493. 43 1. 311 2K 54704. 61 0. 623

0/2 46625. 27 5d4 (

3 H) 6p <H° 5K 54958. 58 1. 141 IK 47179. 94 1. 007 2>i 55162. 30

2/2 47413. S3 1. Ill 4K 55392. 37 1. 061

IK 47588. 64 IK 55488. 01

2/2 48284. 48 1. 366 IK 56084. 30 1. 021

5/2 48332. 73 5K 56376. 45

3/2 48830. 70 1. 008 5d4 (

3 H) 6p <H° 6K 56489. 58

IK 48982. 86 3/2 56612. 74 1. 22

3K 49124. 52 1. 499 3/ 56768. 61 1. 147 OK 49154. 50 2K 56874. 99 0. 815

4/2 49181. 04 1. 409 IK 56932. 27

2K 49242. 10 1. 510 4/ 57089. 46

2K 50292. S3 1. 334 3K 57729. 92 1. 184

IK 50430. 95 2/2 57856. 70 1. 36

4K 50863. 05 1. 194 IK 58007. 60

3K 51045. 25 2/2 58386. 98

IK 51254. 40 1. 58 3/2 58709. 56

2/2 51438. 03 1. 301 1/2 58747. 94

5d*(5D)6p 6p° 5/2 51495. 00 1. 054 5/2 58891. 74 1. 144

3K 51863. 03 0. 937 3/2 59276. 81 1. 102

2K 52087. 02 4K 59399. 34 1. 179

3K 52275. 28 1. 297 3/2 59869. 14 1. 125

OK 52355. 11 0. 981 3/2 59933. 66

4K 52567. 15 5/2 60218. 84 1. 130

OK 52593. 72 1. 14 3/2 60256. 45

CO h\ VC* 52901. 74 1. 374 4K 60278. 71

2/2 53118. 52 1. 262 2K 60656. 51 IK 53329. 71 1. 357 4/2 61055. 80

CO r-TN 53338. 07 0. 968 5/2 61240. 81 1. 120

4/2 58369. 97 1. 086 3/2 61826. 29

1/2 53422. 98 0. 976 4K 61860. 54

<P°? o/2 53440. 17 2. 038 5/2 61589. 46 1. 149

2K 54026. 24 6K 61602. 16

4K 54056. 54 1. 123 2K 62388. 20

4 p°? IK 54137. 20 1. 608 4K 64516. 87

5K 54229. 06

April 1956.
RHENIUM

Re I

75 electrons Z=75

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d5 6s2 6S2^

6s2 6 S2H 63530 K I. P. 7.87 volts

The Re i spectrum furnishes one of the finest examples of international collaboration of

any spectrum on the “Atomic Energy Levels” program. The present analysis represents the

work of American, Dutch, and Spanish spectroscopists. Klinkenberg, Meggers, Velasco, and

Catalan have completed their study of Re i especially for inclusion here.

The observational material consists of a new description of the spectrum supplied by

Meggers, including some 4200 lines. This was supplemented by measurements of Velasco

from spectrograms covering the vacuum region, taken by Catalan at Princeton University.

The present line list extends from about 1700 A to 11788.9 A and includes 2764 classified lines

arising from permitted transitions among 71 even and 211 odd levels. The first measurements of hyperfine structure in Re i were made by Meggers. In his

1931 paper he states that about 25 percent of the 2,000 or more lines . . . show hyperfine

structure of 2 to 6 components.

Observed ^-values are known for 75 percent of the energy levels. These are from Zeeman

spectrograms taken by Meggers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, through the

courtesy of G. R. Harrison. The patterns were measured by Meggers, and these data were

given to Catalan and Velasco who, in turn, derived the ^-values.

The present interpretation is the result of all three groups, and greatly extends the earlier

work on Re i by these authors. Observed intersystem combinations connect the systems of

terms of different multiplicity. For a number of terms in the table the .LS'-designation assignments are based on theoretical work by Trees. He points out that the hyperfine structure

exhibited by the a

2S term probably results from the influence of the 5d6

(

1 S)6s 2S term. His work

is still in progress.

The limit is derived from two triplet terms, interpreted as combinations of 6p 8P° with

7s

8S and 8s 8S, as reported in 1931. No improved series have been found from the present work.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 6, 1027, RP 322 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49 , 187, RP 2355 (1952). (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955).

(Summary hfs) R. E. Trees, unpublished material (November 1956).

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, W. F. Meggers, R. Velasco, and M. A. Catalan, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 59, 319,

RP 2804 (1957). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
165

Re I Re I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d® 6s2 a 8 S 2A 0. 00 1. 950 5d5 6s2 o 4 P 2/i X

oA

11583. 96

13826. 12

15165. 89

-2242. 16 -1339. 77

1. 278

1. 485

2. 368

5d8 (®D)6s a ®D 4/2 3A

2/

1/2 0/

11754. 52

14216. 86

15770. 42

16327. 51

17238. 30 - 2462. 34

-1553. 56

-557. 09

-910. 79

1. 545

1. 567

1. 309

1. 706

2. 521

5d® 6s2 a 4 G 2/

3/2 4/2

5/2

14621. 46

15058. 19

16619. 28

16307. 15

436. 73

1561. 09

-312. 13

1. 151

1. 153

1. 175

1. 242 5d5 6s2 a 4 D 3/2 2/

1/O /2

17330. 82

19457. 89

20481. 73

19757. 91

-2127. 07

-1023. 84

723. 82

1. 255

1. 361

1. 451

0. 983 5d® 6s (a 7 S)6p z 3 P° 2/

3/

4/

18950. 1 20447. 8

28681. 82

1497. 7 3184. 0

2. 274

1. 926

1. 768

5d® 6s2 a 2 F 3/

2/

21775. 40

24425. 40 - 2650. 00

1. 135

1. 067 5d® 6s2 a 2 G 4/

3/

22160. 04

24724 22 -2564. 18 1. 1981. 03 5d® 6s2 a 2 D 1/

2/

22422. 83

23154 81 731. 98 0. 7811. 189

5d® 6s2 a 2I 5/

6/

23956. 00

26348. 96

2392. 96 0. 995

1. 100

5d® 6s2 a 4 F 1/

2/

3/

4/

26131. 57

28030. 32

28542. 13

27514. 31

1898. 75

511. 81 - 1027. 82

0. 650

1. 12

1. 13 5d6 (3 P) 6s b 4 P 2/

1/O/2

26661. 43

30526. 60

-3865. 17 1. 32

5d6 (3 H)6s a 4 H 6/2 5/

4/

3/

27130. 14

27243. 88

27161. 35

28809. 87

-113. 74

82. 53 - 1648. 52

1. 208

1. 18

0. 93

5d8 (®D)6s

b 4 D 3/

2/

1/

0/

27141. 13

29800. 38

27827. 65

30131. 57

-2659. 25

1972. 73

-2303. 92

1. 34

1. 17

0. 888 5d® 6s2 a 2S O/2 27384. 80

5d® 6s (a 7 S)6p z 6 P° 3/

2/

1/

28889. 72

28854- 18

28961. 55

35. 54

-107. 38

1. 709

1. 871

2. 333

5d® 6s2 a 2 H 5/

4/2 30559. 91 31399. 30 -839. 39 1. 07

5d8 (3 F)6s

b 4 F 4/

3/

2/

1/2

30645. 33

31186. 08

31460. 62 -274 54 1. 17

5d® 6s2 b 2 F 3/

2/

31982. 99

32435. 14 -452. 15 5d4 6s2 (a ®D)6p 2 6 D° 0/

1/

2/

3/

4/

82443. 61 82591. 63

88408. 73

84520. 25

35923. 02

148. 02

817. 10

1111. 52

1402. 77

1. 762

1. 500

1. 454

1. 440

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d8 (3 G)6sb 4 G 2/

3/

4/

5/

33281. 65

33823. 66

34194. 27

33317. 57

542. 01

370. 61 -876. 70

5d4 6s2 (a ®D) 6p y 6 P° 1 /2/

3/

88589. 12 2. 335

5d® 6s (0 ®S) 6p z 4 P° 2/I /2 0/

85267. 94

87915. 87

87797. 95

-2647. 93

117. 92

1. 385

1. 495 2. 620

5d® 6s (a ®G) 6p z 6 G° IK2/

3/

4/

5/

6/2

37063. 65

87881. 41

88520. 74

88994 78

39916. 39

40493. 34

317. 76

1139. 33

473. 99

921. 66

576. 95 0. 626

0. 990 1 . 216

1. 25

1. 314

1. 364

5d4 6s2 (a «D) 6p z 8 F° 0/

1/2 2/

3/

4/5A

87881. 41

39926. 75

89064. 92

37765. 65

89655. 99

39196. 74

2545. 34

-861. 83

-1299. 27

1890. 34 - 459. 25

0. 745

1. 335

1. 335

1. 444

1. 405

2A 87697. 66 1. 219 2A 89670. 52 1. 107

5d* 6s (a ®S) 6p z 8 P° 3A

2A

1/2

39844. 75

48569. 86

48702. 20

-3724. 61 - 132. 84

1. 223

1. 504

1. 962 1 / 40808. 85 1. 351

0A 40810. 17 2A 40821. 88 1 . 126 5 d5 6s (a ®P) 6p y 6 D° 4A

3/2

2/2

1/2 0A

40946. 53

41 818. 02

41557. 08 - 366. 49 - 244. 06

1. 534

1. 278

1. 655 3A 41 168. 91 1. 325

4A 41458. 18 1. 372 3A 41848. 85 1. 190 5d® 6s (a ®P)6p z 4 D° 0/2

1/2 2A

3/2

41991. 56

42254. 19

48044* 02

48407. 87

262. 63

789. 83

363. 85

0. 61

1. 578

1. 449

1. 368

4/2 42140. 06 1. 249

5d5 6s(a 7 S)7s e »S 3/2 42598. 27 1. 957

1/ 48341. 85 0. 975 1 /2 ? 43409. 11

4/2 4345s. SO 1. 336 3A 48815. 01

1. 348 2A 43949 98

1. 385 5A 48996. SO

1. 26

2/2 44054. 21

1/2 44148. 45 1. 573

4/2 44224. 58 1. 244 2A 44308. 73 1. 223 4 D° 0A 44416. S3 0. 15
166

Config.

5d* 6s (a 7S)7s

5d*(6D)6p

Re I—Continued Re I—Continued

Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

e

8 S 2/2 44703. 37 1. 866 I/2 49250. 02 1. 263

1/2 44720. 09 1. 330 5/ 49286. 07 1. 075

3/2 44901. 15 1. 253 2/2 49540. 96

2/ 44902. 60 2/2 49573. 11 1. 344

3/2 44946. 12 0. 905 4/ 49582. 61 1. 058

y ®F°

«po

5/2 4/

3/

2/

1/2 0/

1/2 2/

4/

3/

0/2 1/

5/

3/

2/2

I/2 3/

2/2 2/

1/

I/2 2/

I/2 0/

4/

3/

45082. 63

46374. 25

47932. 55

49022. 77

49667. 25

49859. 53

45121. 81

45332. 03

4534S. 57

45462. 83

45817. 26

45876. 34

45904. 25

45937. 18

46112. 24

46141. 11

46352. 99

46509. 40

46649. 42

46733. 38

47004. 34

47101. 61

47172. 1 47172. 9

47205. 73

47358. 36

-1291. 62 - 1558. 30

-1090. 22

-644. 48 - 192. 28

1. 40

1. 341

1. 31

1. 495

1. 27

0. 410

0. 674

1. 088

1. 131

1. 300

2. 197

1. 384

1. 175

1. 298

1. 405

0. 716

1. 271

1. 371

1. 334

1. 858

1. 285

0. 893

2. 215

1. 106

1. 151

5d5 6s (a 7 S)6d

5

5 6s (a 7 S)6d

e

8D

e ®D

3H

I/2 2/

2/

4/

1/

3/

1/2 2/

3/

4/

5/

4/

2/

1/2 5/

3H

2/

2/

4/

3/

2/

1/2 O/2 4/

I/2 4/

3/

49863. 22

49895. 57

50110. 28

50158. 87

50196. 94

50263. 22

50310. 70

50332. 60

50340. 62

50359. 23

50395. 72

50464. 34

50401. 01 50463. 80

50571. 02

50663. 51

50869. 00

50934. 18

50973. 17 50994. 15 50988. 47

51035. 56

51030. 73

51049. 87

51027. 96

51183. 00

51193. 49

51229. 64

8. 02

18. 61

36. 49

68. 62

5. 68

-47. 09

4. 83

-19. 14

1. 175

1. 989

1. 765

1. 422

1. 345

1. 234

1. 170

2. 027

1. 820

1. 690

1. 629

1. 055

1. 144

0. 935

1. 220

1. 240

1. 385

1. 489

1. 548

1. 558

1. 546

1. 456

1. 231

6/2 47506. 79 1. 26 2/ 51477. 15 0. 97

0x 47664. 74 1. 50 4/ 51486. 29 1. 20

3/ 47669. 01 1. 196 I/2 51578. 05 0. 92

1/ 47703. 78 1. 443 2/ 51590. 08 1. 02

1/ 47779. 91 1. 362 3/ 51647. 82 1. 139

5/ 47859. 93 1. 20 1/ 51874- 43 1. 29

2/ 47899. 22 1. 217 5/ 51945. 94

2/ 47970. 82 1. 169 3/ 51955. 02 1. 200

3/ 48184. 20 1. 252 4/ 52001. 37 1. 357

5/ 48569. 63 1. 27 6/ 52122. 35 1. 17 3/ 48786. 35 1. 53 2/ 52218. 11 1. 208

3/ 48857. 60 1. 24 6/ 52227. 20

3/ 49027. 85 1. 499 1/ 52278. 28 1. 422

4/ 49170. 76 1. 135 3/ 52373. 12
167

Re I—Continued Re I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5dsi-6s(a 7S)8s pS

oy2

2)

4

3)

4

4)

4 3K

2)4 1%

2/2 O/2 oy2

4/2

3/2

4)

4

2)

4 3

)

2

5)

4

3/2

1/2

0)4

5)4

3)4

3)4

3)4

2)4

2)

4

1/2

3)

4

5)

4

6)

4 4K

2)

4

0)4

5)

4

3)

4

6)

4

3)

4 W

4)

4 4)4

52469. 45

52472. 81 52610. 01

52741. SO

52857. 44

62881. 84

52951. 59

52954 46

63058. 74

58125. 19

58288. 28

58298. 72

58820. 95

58835. 94

53379. 85

53389. 73

53392. 00

53467. 57

58788. 46

53842. 58

53928. 90

53948. 78

54018. 19

54086. 69

54177. 25

54268. 18

54409. 61

54467. 40

54513. 84

54554. 61

54729. 52

54813. 12

54823. 02

64968. 85

55228. 85

55454. 48

65776. 51

55901. 20

55902. 01

55912. 42

56807. 97

1. 315

1. 30

1. 05

1. 14

1. 184

1. 145

1. 372

1. 323

1. 38

1. 290

1. 09

1. 19

1. 20

1. 203

1. 169

1. 113

1. 13

0. 723

1. 22

1. 270

1. 290

1. 069

1. 361

1. 185

1. 183

1. 314

1. 149

1. 17

1. 056

1. 22

0. 447

1. 06

5d* 6s2 (a *D)7s / «D

4)4

0)4

6)4

3)4

2)

4

l K

0)

4

3)

4

3)

4

4)

4

3)

4

5)

4

6)

4

2/2

4)

4

0/2

1/2

2)

4

3)

4

4)

4

1/2

3)

4

4)

4

2/2

1)

4

0/2

5/2

1

H

2/2

1/2

4)

4

5)

4 3)4 3)4

2)

4

2)

4 5)4

3)

4 3)4

5)4

66411. 22

56451. 87

56523. 41 66699. 41 56822. 75

56866. 06

67078. 81

67090. 29

67172. 70

67280. 86

67871. 76

67891. 44

57452. 88

57524. 81

57656. 85

57665. 43

59268. 79

58060. 64

58368. 90

58050. 58

58260. 03

58279. 81

58332. 42

58442. 51

68541. 88

58619. 82

59127. 80

59171. 78

69298. 45

69394. 29

59412. 46

69784- 67

69926. 91

60737. 28

60837. 10

62142. 97

62350. 13

62493. 51

63267. 63

1603. 36 — 1208. 15 30& 26

1. 287

1. 25

0. 479

0. 94

1. 19

1. 19

1. 30

1. 40

1. 19

1. Ill

1. 43

1. 32

1. 165

1. 20

1. 15

1 . 100

1 . 22

1. 17

1. 135

1. 07

Re n(7Sa) Limit

6)4

6)4

63530

68772. 40

63984- 76

November 1957.
168

Re i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3p® 3d10 Observed Terms

4s2 4p® 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p® +

5

6 6s2

f a ®S a

4 P a

4 D a 4 F a 4 G

a

2 S a

2 D a 2 F a

2 G a2 H a 2 1

i 6

2 F

ns (n >6) np (n>6) nd (n>6)

5d6 6s (a 7S)nx

{ HI 2

3P°

z ®P°

e

8 D

e ®D

5d®(6 D)nx

{ a ®D

b

4 D

y

6 F°

5d5 6s (a fi S)nx

{ x «P°

z

4 P°

5d5 6s (a ®G)nx 2 ®G°

5

6 6s (a 5 P)nx

{

y °D°

z

4 D°

5d®(3 P)nx b

4 P

5d®(3 H)nx a

4 H

5d®(3 F)nx b

4 F

5d®(3 G)nx b

4 G

5

4 6s2 (a BD)nx f ®D y ®P° z ®D° z ®F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Re i isoelectronic sequence, see Volume in, Introduction.

Re II (W i sequence; 74 electrons) Z— 75

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

8 4

10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d6 6s 7S3

6s 7S3 K I. P. volts

In 1952, Meggers published a description of the Re n spectrum that included some 1800

lines in the range 2000.47 A to 6026.60 A. Later, Catalan extended the observations in the

short-wave region to 1500 A, with the vacuum spectrograph at Princeton University; and

Sales provided measurements in this region.

On the basis of this new description, the present analysis has been carried out by Meggers,

Catalan, and Sales. Nine “odd” levels have also been contributed by Tech.

The observed p-values are from Zeeman spectrograms taken by Meggers with the Bitter

magnet at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, through the courtesy of G. R. Harrison.

Approximately 1000 lines are classified, but the assignment of term designations has not

been attempted in many cases because of the marked departure from ZS'-coupling and the

effect of configuration-interaction. The absence of the low 5d

6 5D term is conspicuous, but

persistent search has failed to reveal this term.

No series are known in Re n. From a study of screening constants Finkelnburg and

Humbach have extrapolated an ionization potential of 16.6 ±0.5 volts, which places the limit near 133900 K.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, 187, RP 2355 (1952).

J. L. Tech, unpublished material (August 1955). (T) (C L)

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P)

W. F. Meggers, M. A. Catalan, and M. Sales, unpublished material (November 1954), (October 1955), (December 1957). (T) (C L) (Z E)
169

Re II Re ii

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d5 (

8S)6s a

7S 3 0. 0 2. 05 5d5 (

8S)6p 27 P° 2 48987. 7 1 90Q 8

2. 19 3 45147. 5 1. 79

5d

4 6s2 a 5D 0 13777. 3 i c\a a 7 0/0 4 50680. 9

0O00. 3

1 14824. 0 1. 50

2 14352. 2

3b/ 1. o

e;7» ^

1. 53 5<i5 (

6S)6p 25 P° 1 49439. 8 9997 7

2. 42

3 14930. 5 1. 48 2 52677. 0 1. 82

4 14882. 6

tt/. y

1. 48 3 53802. 1 11 Z o, 1

1. 66

5<25 (

8 S)6s a 8 S 2 17223. 5 1. 71 5d5 (

4 F)6p 25D° 0 54468. 0

1904. 1

1 56372. 1 1. 291

5d5

(

4 G)6s a

5 G 2 18845. 8 9QQ o

0. 64 2 57188. 6

/ 00. D

1. 30

3 19139. 7

o. y

1. 12 3 59329. 9 1. 145 4 20463. 2

lozo. o

1. 18 4 62859. 0

oojjy. 1

1. 27

5 20976. 4

ulo. Z

1. 26

6 22031. 1 IZ04. / 1. 24 5d5 (

4 P)6p y5 P° 3

2 55059. 2 1. 81 5d5 (

4 P)6s a6 P 3 21629. 1 1711 7

1. 26 1 55150. 8 —yi. 0

2. 27

2 23340. 8 1. 67

1 23722. 4

Ool. 0

1. 903 5d5 (

4 F)6p 25 F° 12 55444 0 1 RHfi 9

1. 083

2 22544. 7 1. 20 3 57050. 2 OXA X. O 1. 135

4 59596. 1 A AQA 9 1. 177

1 23146. 2 1. 10 5 64282. 8 1. 31

5 23381. 2 1. 19 5d5 (

4 F)6p 6o -o 2

3 57429. 4 1852 4

1. 056

4 23893. 5 1. 275 4 59281. 8 1 (ka £ n 1. 625

5 60926. 8 1. 18

3 24763. 1 1. 41 6 5d5 (

4 G) 6s a

3 G? 3 25321. 2 Q1 fi 1 0. 90 5eZ5

(

4 P) 6p 2

3 P° 0

4 26237. 3 1. 12 1 5 25987. 5

z^±y. o

1. 22 2 59888. 3 1. 520

1 26664. 3 1. 46 3 59665. 8 1. 19

2 26767. 6 1. 09 1 60487. 2 1. 128

3 27627. 7 3 27746. 0 1. 23 3 60525. 0

4 28095. 3 1. 22 2 62057. 3 1. 17

2 29077. 3 1 62717. 8 1. 52

1 29427. 2 1. 368 3 62914. 9 1. 243

4 29638. 9

2 29728. 1 1. 292 3 68048. 8 1. 34

0 29773. 2 0/0 4 63127. 7 1. 27

3 30224. 8 1. 398 2 63464 8 1. 50

3 30717. 5 1. 26 4 64407. 2 1. 21 4 30982. 5 1. 188 2 64411. 4 0. 812

2 31012. 8 1. 42 3 64942. 2 1. 36

4 32206. 5 1. 08 3 64966. 9

3 32257. 8 1. 114 1 65011. 0 0. 796

5 32344. 7 1. 15 3 65572. 3 1. 28

2 32875. 8 1. 06 2 65674- 0

4 32957. 3 1. 54 3 66100. 3 1. 40

4 33169. 3 1. 188 3 66248. 1

3 33989. 8

4 66371. 2 1. 38

4 66476. 2

2 34937. 2 1. 23

. 5 66514- 6 1. 18

5 36063. 5 1. 21

5 66536. 7

3 36993. 4

2 66730. 5 1. 274

3 37318. 5 2 66782. 6

2 37382. 0 1. 071 5 67049. 1 1. 29
170

Re II

Continued Re n—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

1 07270. 1 1. 292 2 71896. 8

3 67814. 0 1. 194 2 71782. 0 1. 40

4 67828. 1 1. 15 2 71949. 0

5 68259. 5 1. 16 2 72184. 8

3 68854. 8 2 72586. 8

2 68629. 4 3 72846. 6

3 68868. 0 3 78558. 9

4 68876. 7 4 74064- 4

3 69142. 5 1. 083 3 74070. 8

2 69170. 0 1. 30 2 74823. 8

4 69283. 6 1. 35 3 74469. 2

3 69302. 8 1. 677 3 74633. 0

3 69729. 2 3 75117. 0

4 69776. 8 1. 25 2 75237. 1 4 69796. 2 4 76137. 1

1 70187. 8 1. 637 3 76367. 2

3 70811. 0 1. 17 3 77190. 7 1. 11

1 71088. 7 3 77223. 4 4 71128. 5 1. 19 3 77975. 9

December 1957.

Re ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p«+

5

4 6s2 a ®D

Observed Terms

5d5 (

6S)nx

5d

5 (A G)nx

5d5 (

4P)nz

ns (n> 6)

/ a 2S

\ a 6 S

{

f a SP

Tip (n> 6)

2

2 P°

2

6 P°

a ®G

a 3 G?

y

6P°

2

3 P°

5d6 (*F)nx 2

5D° 2

5F° 25 G°?

For predicted terms in the spectra of the W i isoelectronic sequence, see Volume hi, Introduction.
OSMIUM

Os I

76 electrons Z=76

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d6 6s2 6D4

a

5D4 70450 K I. P. 8.7 volts

As early as 1900, “long before any theory of complex spectra had been developed”, Snyder

noted regularities among 55 Os i lines, but he never published his results. In 1934 Albertson

extended the analyses to include 137 levels and more than 1050 classified lines. In 1938 he

reported that he had reobserved the spectrum at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with

high dispersion and recorded more than 4500 lines, of which 2169 were classified as combinations

among 234 energy levels. He derived the limit from the two-member series 6s2 6D4 , 7s 7D4 by means of a Rydberg formula.

In 1949 van den Bosch made more complete observations at the Massachusetts Institute

of Technology, including Zeeman spectrograms. He has, also, had access to Albertson’s

unpublished material and, in collaboration with van Kleef, has extended the number of energy

levels to 257, and furnished the present list in advance of publication especially for inclusion

here. All the tabular ^-values are from van den Bosch. His present line list covers the range

2000 A to 8645 A and includes approximately 6000 lines, of which 2387 are classified. Owing

to the departure from LS-coupling and to the effect of configuration-interaction most of the

levels have not been assigned AS'-term designations.

REFERENCES

W. Albertson, Phys. Rev. 45, 304 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. Albertson, Phys. Rev. 53, 940 (A) (1938), and unpublished material. (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 71 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL—1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955).

(Summary hfs)

J. C. van den Bosch and Th. A. M. van Kleef, unpublished material (August 1956). (T) (C L) (Z E)
172

Os i Os I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d6 6s2 a

6 D 4

3

2

10

0. 00

4159. 32

2740. 49

5766. 14

6092. 79

-4159. 32

1418. 83

-3025. 65

-326. 65

1. 44

1. 47

1. 44

1. 47

523

24291. 97

25069. 71

25593. 94

0. 89

5eP(4 F) 6s a

5 F 5 5143. 92 -3598. 91

-2635. 17 1919 09.

1. 38 4 25601. 55

4

3

8742. 83

11378. 00

1. 31

1. 26 2 27954 32 2. 04

2

1 10165. 9813020. 07

-2854. 09 1. 45

0. 31 3 28139. 52 1. 24

5d7 (*F)6s a

3 F 4 11030. 58 2000 7Q 1. 16 5<26 6s (a 6D)6p z

7P° 4 28831. 77 -39. 91

1. 59

3

2 14091. 3712774. 38 1316. 99 1. 10

1. 00

3

2

28371. 68 1. 74

2 13364. 83 0. 94 2 28411. 95

5d* 6s

2 a3 H 4

5 14848. 05

14338. 99 -509. 06

5ia 34

1. 08

1. 13

2 28609. 97

6 14852. 33 1. 14 5d6 6s(a 8 D)6p z

7 F° 6 29099. 41 1. 48

2 15222. 57 1. 61

04

5d7 (

4 P) 6s a5P 3 15390. 76 1. 54

6

2

2 1 1 0

1 16212. 41 1. 74 3 29381. 65 1. 49

1 17667. 34 1. 40 4 29394 30

5d7 (

4P) 6s a3 P 2

i 2 30056. 79 0 18301. 40 2 30078. 28 1. 48

3 18901. 94 1. 20 5 80279. 95 1. 47

0 19048. 91 1 80524- 92 1. 55?

4 19108. 87 1. 03 4 30591. 45 1. 54

2 19410. 66 0. 97 2 32457. 44 1. 84

4 19893. 07 1. 06 4 32684. 61 1. 47

1 21033. 45 0. 88 3 33124- 48 1. 63

3 21123. 66 0. 94 3 34125. 40 1. 44

2 2130a 36 1 . 26 5 84365. S3 1. 42

1 22563. 65 4 84803. 82 1. 37

5

6 6s (a ®D)6p z

7D° 5 23462. 90

847. 21 -2397. 24

-262. 49

1. 55 2 35090. 50 1. 57

4

3

22615. 69

25012. 93

1. 62

1. 73 3 35615. 92 1. 51

2 25275. 42 2. 04

1 1 35919. 55 1. 29

2 23317. 60 1. 27 2 36345. 81 1. 15 4 23322. 66 1. 04 2 36684. 54 1. 36

3 23984. 58 1. 07 3 36806. 27 1. 48
173

Os I—Continued Os I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g

5 S5S17. 54 1. 28 4 42746. 57 1. 32

4 S5S25. 89 1. 41 3 43011. 56 1. 05

1 86979. 51 1. 31 5 43401. 82 1. 22

3 87808. 58 1. 26 2 43437. 13 1. 00

4 87908. 77 1. 45 3 43515. 75 1. 21

2 87921. 71 1. 45 2 43610. 81 1. 05

4 38180. 09 1. 24 4 43754. 64 1. 05

1 88241 20 1. 55 4 43863. 69 1. 20

3 38264. 16 1. 23 5 43876. 12 1. 13 2 88380. 75 1. 41 2 44075. 34 1. 16

3 88486. 01 1. 61 3 44144. 14 1. 13

1 38618. 44 0. 29 1 44474. 88 1. 01

2 88741. 19 1. 60 2 44662. 97 1. 31

1 88875. 97 1. 90 1 44729. 93 1. 01

3 89382. 95 1. 18 6 44839. 09 1. 19

5 89406. 98 1. 18 3 44869. 71 1. 35

2 89493. 80 0. 93 4 44892. 67 1. 22

2 89674. 89 1. 91 5 44921. 12 1. 27

4 40087. 01 1. 36 6 45315. 88 1. 30

6 40290. 44 1. 30 4 45388. 69 1. 07

4 40361. 92 1. 32 2 45503. 45 1. 32

1 40497. 48 2. 18 3 45561. 99 1. 00

2 40888. 05 0. 82 5 45758. 63 1. 23

6 41023. 22 1. 23 3 45774. 55 1. 12

5 41225. 02 1. 27 2 46169. 54 1. 19 3 41281. 98 1. 08 1 46202. 86 0. 62

4 41725. 58 1. 04 4 46263. 46 1. 12

3 41875. 93 1. 30

3 46327. 99 1. 11

1 42299. 83 1. 00

2 46406. 90 1. 15 4 42310. 25

42316. 68

1. 22

1 46515. 45 1. 19 3 1. 03

1 42422. 36 1. 86

3 46776. 29 1. 25

0 42582. 75 2 46812. 87 1. 15

2 42658. 86 1. 41 1 or 2 46947. 12
174

Os I—Continued Os I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

3 47057. 29 1. 21 4 50274. 91 1. 12 4 47158. 48 1. 12 4 50298. 56 1. 18 5de 6s (a 6 D)7s e

7 D 5 47198. 73 1538 71

1. 57 2 50811. 71 1. 15 4

3 48737. 44

51138. 13 -2400. 69 1. 50

1. 71 3 50329. 97 1. 22

2

1 5 50377. 19 1. 19

5 47200. 25 1. 31 3 50453. 80

1 47477. 05 1. 14 4 50503. 53 1. 19 2 47589. 58 0. 99 3 50530. 59

3 47614. 64 1. 12 1 50589. 89 1. 06

3 47827. 68 1. 11 6 50630. 26 1. 13

3 47845. 24 1 50670. 88 1. 19 4 47858. 58 1. 17 5 50902. 87 1. 19 2 47984. 89 1. 21 4 50937. 24 1. 18

3 47957. 97 2 50989. 77 1. 12 4

3

48181. 92

48302. 56 1. 14

5d* 6s (0 6 D)7s e

6 D 4

3

2

10

51038. 49

52401. 81

52148. 69 - 1363. 32

253. 12

1. 59

1. 80

1 48338. 08

1 48409. 82 0. 98 3 51042. 76 1. 25

4 48525. 87 1. 07 0 51166. 88

1 48546. 45 1 51217. 74 0. 66

4 48756. 10 1. 16 3 51228. 68 1. 27

2 48778. 49 1. 15 2 51811. 24 0. 90

3 48874. 93 1. 28 4 51329. 80 1. 07

2 48999. 56 2 51545. 88 1. 50

1 49058. 60 0. 89 2 51655. 94 1. 09

2 49112. 10 1. 10 3 51758. 65 1. 13 3 49138. 11 1. 23 6 52042. 60 1. 17

3 49202. 03 3 52138. 11 1. 08

3 49461. 19 2 52162. 08 1. 21 4 49481. 99 1. 20 2 52337. 78

5 49534. 28 1 52374. 93 1. 14 2 49614. 84 1. 10 4 52490. 56 1. 11

3 49680. 45 3 52563. 81

2 49872. 57 0. 93 3 52604. IS 0. 99

3 49908. 54 3 52677. 58

3 49947. 06 1. 19 4 52715. 84 1. 13

1 50007. 86 1. 42 6 52801. 90 1. 13

3 50158. 57 1. 16 3 52937. 60 1. 24
175

Os I—Continued Os r—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

2 58073. 24 1. 20 2 56092. 46

4 58181. 25 1. 19 5 56222. 41

3 58838. 22 1. 39 4 56729. 16

2 53424. 05 1 57122. 80 1. 29

4 53447. 29 1. 13 3 57334 23

1 53454- 11 3 57826. 90

6 58572. 09 1. 10 4 58098. 19

2 53594 54 3 58688. 20

2 53647. 07 4 58768. 76

3 53758. 43 3 58905. 20

3 58886. 85 3 58957. 24

2 54049. 89 0. 96 3 59074. 97

2 54064. 40 2 59105. 95

1 54302. 45 1. 57 2 59142. 16

6 54828. 11 1. 21 2 59170. 43

1 54484- 27 0. 59 2 59229. 84

3 54676. 96 1. 82 3 59282. 85

2 54753. 20 3 59556. 04

1 54800. 46 1. 46 3 59582. 97

1 or 2 54847. 38 2 59602. 19

2 54867. 69 3 59750. 04

3 55388. 87 1. 78 4 60649. 49

5 55402. 47 1. 40

4 55419. 00 Os ii(6 D4h) Limit 70450

October 1956.

Os i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

8 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p8 +

Observed Terms

5d8 6s2

5

d

8 6s (a iD)nx

5d7 (

4 F) nx

5d7

(

4 P)nx

/ a 5D

l a

3 H

ns in >6) np (n >6)

J

e

7D

l e

6 D

/ a

5 F

1 a

3 F

/ 0

6 P

1 a

3 P

2 ;poz 7D° 2

7 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Os i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
176

Os II

(Re i sequence; 75 electrons) Z=76

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3pG 3d10 4s2 4^6 4d10 4/14 5s

2 5p6 5d8 6s 6D4H

a

6D4^ K I. P. volts

The analysis is from van den Bosch who has furnished the tabular data in advance of

publication, especially for inclusion here. His observations were made at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology, and include Zeeman spectrograms taken with the Bitter magnet.

There are about 250 observed lines between 2280 A and 4550 A, of which 73 are classified.

No series are known. From a study of screening constants Finkelnburg and Humbach

interpolate an ionization potential of 17 ±1 volts.

Most of the levels have no ZN-designations because of the departure from ZS'-coupling and

the effect of configuration-interaction.

REFERENCES

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P)

J. C. van den Bosch, unpublished material (August 1956). (T) (C L) (Z E)

Os II Os ii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d6

(

5D)6s a6 D 4K

3/2 2/2 1*

O /2

2)4 3/2

2/2

1 X

3%

2K

4/2

3/2

I /2

2/2 5/2

2)4 3K

4K

2K

0. 00

3593. 15

3928. 94

5592. 05

6636. 57

7891. 93

11459. 90

11654. 08

13136. 61

13203. 88

13414. 80

15605. 58

17242. 26

17424. 39

17569. 40

17688. 64

19590. 91

19985. 93

21590. 81 24465. 66

-3593. 15 -335. 79

-1663. 11 -1044. 52

1. 52

1. 57

1. 62

1. 79

3. 17

1. 70

1. 27

1. 55

1. 40

1. 25

1. 34

1. 14

0. 99

0. 97

1. 35

1. 20

0. 81

1. 10

1. 11

1. 27

5d6

(5D)6p 3

6 D°

3y2 2X

2)4 3 X

4/2 3 %

2X

1)

4

0)4 2%

3/2

4/2

3 X

3/2

2)

4

2)

4

1 Y2

3)

4

3)<

24980. 73

25452. 13 37821. 53

39889. 49

44315. 40

43802. 36

46373. 51

46157. 19

48128. 08

48798. 70

49149. 39

51951. 61 52206. 48

54379. 27

54445. 19

55538. 65

55635. 92

56791. 85

57402. 59

513. 04

-2571. 15

216. 32

-1970. 89

1. 18

1. 09

2. 22

1. 85

1. 44

1. 56

1. 61

1. 74

2. 96

1. 39

1. 51

1. 40

1. 42

1. 34

1. 45

1. 09

0. 70

1. 28

1. 29

October 1956.
IRIDIUM

In

77 electrons Z=77

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3 d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4

j

H 5

s

2 5_p

6 5d

7 6s2 4F4^

a

4F4^ 75000 K I. P. 9 volts

The first regularities in Ir i were discovered by Snyder in 1900, who w*orked out an array

for 240 lines, but never published it. Albertson extended this work in 1932, and again in 1938,

when he reported that 1937 lines out of some 3100 were classified as combinations among 214

energy levels. He determined the approximate value of the limit by assuming “a simple

series relationship” between a

4F and e

6F. A new description of the spectrum including Zeeman observations has been made recently

by van Kleef, who has revised and extended the earlier work. He has also utilized Zeeman

spectrograms taken by van den Bosch in 1949 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

His present line list extends from 2000.70 A to 8592.601 A. Out of a total of some 4000 lines

he reports that approximately 2000 have been classified. He has furnished the present data

in advance of publication, especially for inclusion here. There are 59 even and 163 odd levels

known, but most of them have not been assigned XS'-designations because of the departure

from ZS'-coupling and the effect of configuration-interaction.

REFERENCES

W. Albertson, Phys. Rev. 42, 443 (1932). (T) (C L)

W. Albertson, Phys. Rev. 53, 940 (A) (1938); 54, 183 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 70 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. E. Walehli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955).

(Summary hfs) Th. A. M. van Kleef, unpublished material (September 1956). (T) (C L) (Z E)
178

Ir I Ir I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 5<P 6s2 a 4 F 4K 0. 00 6323 91 1. 30 2 H 89324. 57 1. 22

3K 6323. 91

539. 29

1705. 68

1. 21 2H

IK

5784. 62

4078. 94

1. 20

1. 12 2H 89805. 97 1. 34 5H 89940. 27 1. 32

5d8 (3 F)6s

b 4 F 4K 2834 98 4271 63 1. 33

3K 7106. 61 2770 93 1. 23 3H 40291. 19 1. 25

2K1 K

9877. 54

11831. 09

-1953. 55 1. 17

0. 54 4H 40389. 83 1. 23

5c28 (3 P) 6s a 2 P IK 10578. 68 - 1927. 00 0. 97 IK 40524. 73 1. 22

OH 12505. 68 1. 22

3K 40710. 78 1. 33

5d8 (3 F)6s a 2 F 2K 12218. 47 869. 43 1. 13

3H 13087. 90 1. 17 4K 41118. 71 1. 37

5cZ8 (3 P)6s a 4 P 2H 12951. 67 3613 68 1. 49 OK 41210. 83 2. 39

IK

oh

16565. 35

16681. 20

-115. 85 1. 39

2. 61 2H 41522. 22 1. 32 5dJ 6s2 a 2 G 4H 13939. 80 -3839. 44 1. 10 OK 42014. 44 0. 76

5d7 6s2 3H 17779. 24 0. 92

IK 42029. 14 1. 15

b 4 P 2H 16103. 32 2443 72 1. 34

IK 18547. 04 -1689. 66 1. 39 5H 42131. 82 1. 29

5d8 (‘D)6s

OH 20236. 70 2. 08

2K 42267. 86 1. 24 a 2 D 2K 19060. 62 -3049. 62 1. 00

IK 22110. 24 1. 00 4K 42279. 28 1. 38

5d7 6s2 am 5K 19593. 25 -3912. 66 1. 09 2K 43071. 78 1. 12

5d7 6s2 4K

2K

23505. 91 1. 04

3K 48176. 15 1. 12

b 2 D 23310. 36 -2919. 12 1. 20

IK 26229. 48 0. 94 \ IK 48200. 89 0. 98

5d7 6s(5F)6p z «D° 4H 26807. 50 4222 16 1. 48 3K 43592. 21 1. 45

3K

2K

80529. 66

33064- 83

-2535. 17 601 25

1. 44

1. 50 IK 44569. 85 1. 49

IK 32468. 58 -3184 36 1. 58

OH 35647. 94 1. 30 2K 44596. 77 1. 26

5d8 0G)6s 6 2 G 3H 26365. 16 1548. 68 0. 92 3H 44642. 67 1. 34

5d9 4H

2K

IK

27913. 84 1. 03

4K 44652. 43 1. 25 c 2 D 26404 17

27970. 05

-1565. 88 1. 16

0. 85 IK 44785. 44 1. 53

5d7 6s (5F) 6p z «F° 5K 28452. 32 4061 11 1. 40 3K 45111. 68 1. 08

4K

3H

82513. 43

33874. 48

-1361. 00

1045 40

1. 36

1. 38 2H 45185. 95 1. 11 2H 34919. 83 1470 32 1. 34

IK 86390. 15 - IK 1. 27

1730. 79 1. 14 45259. 14

5d7 6s(«F)6p

OH 38120. 94 0. 66

OH 45415. 26 1. 93 z ®G° 6K 32830. 78 -1349. 70

900 32

1. 37 5K 34180. 48 1. 34 OH 45508. 15 0. 32

4H

3H

35080. 80

85410. 63

-329. 83

129 71

1. 27

1. 32 2H 45570. 89 1. 03

2H 35540. 84 -2152. 41 1. 59 IK 87692. 75 0. 79 3H 45895. 85 1. 16 5d7 6s(5 F)6p z 4 D° 3H 37515. 81

69. 18 1. 38 5K 45957. S3 1. 15

2K 87446. 18 1. 33

IK 2K 46098. 84 1. 21

5d7 6s(5 F)6pT

OH

4K 46220. 32 1. 23 z 4 F° 4K 37871. 69 -286. 55 1. 25

3K 38158. 24 1. 27 4H 46371. 64 1. 36

2K

IK IK 46471. 84 1. 21 4K 38229. 75 1. 22 IK 46618. 18 1. 05

2K 38358. 13 1. 39 3K 46979. 02 1. 18

IK 38484. 74 1. 44 2K 47011. 09 1. 13 3K 38568. 05 1. 35 3K 47165. 12 1. 23

OH 89289. 28 1. 58 OK 47208. 81 2. 31
179

Ir I—Continued Ir I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4/2 47205. 57 1. 08 234 52327. 33 1. 17

2H 47537. 29 1. 21 034 52388. 38 1. 91

3K 47548. 69 1. 25 234 52605. 16 1. 16

1/4 47824 93 1. 46 IK 52806. 57 1. 36

53/2 47858. 47 1. 30 234 53552. 93 1. 20

2/2 48206. 57 1. 27 434 53642. 06 1. 13

4/2 48299. 24 1. 20 3y2 53686. 99 1. 12

134 48440. 83 1. 24 334 53771. 90 1. 25

3/2 48448. 65 1. 05 534 54061. 29 1. 14

3/2 48629. 22 1. 19 234 54119. 23 0. 97

134 48801. 91 1. 31 3 y2 54140. 83 1. 10 2y2 49146. 44 1. 22 434 54263. 79 1. 16

4/2 49158. 61 1. 26 IK 54319. 92 1. 23

1 34 49342. 51 1. 22 334 54566. 06 0. 95

034 49446. 25 0. 67

* 2K 54639. 31 0. 98

2/2 49621. 32 1. 36 4K 54667. 54 1. 04

534 49719. 17 1. 31 3K 54711. 10 1. 05

2J4 49779. 37 1. 35 434 54892. 63 1. 36

3/2 49823. 54 1. 22 334 54894. 82 1. 06

434 50050. 69 1. 15 IK 54985. 38 1. 31

I/2 50100. 71 1. 36 434 55035. 94 1. 10

2/2 50169. 88 1. 00 5K 55114- 11 1. 12

434 50434- 46 1. 09 iK 55160. 88 1. 17

O/2 50445. 02 1. 16 2/2 55303. 80 1. 50

134 50564- 12 1. 19 3/2 55382. 00

3/2 50580. 39 0. 95 iK 55497. 33 1. 16 5y2 50606. 38 1. 04 334 55619. 39 1. 16

3/2 51107. 94 1. 15 0K2 55635. 36 1. 16

134 51166. 54 1. 21 iK 55885. 44

5d

7 6s(5 F)7s e

6F 5/2 51175. 94 -1332. 95 1. 42 2K 55913. 57 1. 17

4)2 52508. 89 1. 38

1. 16 334 4K 55979. 05

2/2 1.05 1/2 0/2

13$ 56016. 60

oy2 56128. 84 0. 65

2/2 51427. 15 1. 12

234 56264 76 1. 22

4H 51470. 74 1. 22

3/2 56371. 08 0. 96

2/2 51814- 75 1. 33

434 56416. 08 1. 38

334 51852. 38

51983. 92

1. 24

1. 42 iK 56538. 45 1. 23

0^2 2^2 52051. 75 1. 25 iK 56788. 22 1. 21

3/2 52134- 11 1. 32 334 56792. 60 1. 27

334 52224- 37 1. 30 334 57042. 80 1. 15

534 52266. 28 0. 98 334 57186. 64 0. 99

IK 52303. 65 -0. 10 iK 57247. 57 1. 39
180

Ir I—Continued Ir I—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3K 57697. 46 0. 98 IK 60662. 13 0. 94

IK 57737. 04 1. 40 IK 60663. 13 1. 13 4K 57774 99 1. 14 2K 60721. 97 1. 00

2K 58043. 02 1. 00 IK 60794- 40 0. 94

2/2 58117. 84 1. 36 3K 61074- 71 1. 13

3 K 58470. 79 IK 61431. 49

4K 58570. 57 0. 92 IK (61481. 37 0. 45

3/2 58625. 10 1. 03 3K 62018. 84 1. 35

1/2 59155. 42 0. 88 4K 62079. 82

2K 59354. 02 1. 01 3K 62164. 91 1. 35

5K 59525. 87 1. 28 5 K 62208. 67 1- 20

IK 59564. 11 1. 19 4K 62220. 91 1. 39

oy2 59618. 93 2. 01 3K 62377. 72 1. 23

3K 59647. 72 1. 32 oy2 62425. 80

4K 59725. 87 3k 62757. 18 1. 11 2K 59824. 53 4K 62835.40 1. 28

3K 59878. 02 1. 30 IK 63391. 27

4K 60012. 25 1. 38 4K 63469. 72 1. 27

2K 60062. 45 1. 35 3H 63976. 18 1. 41 3K 60263. 04 3K 64618. 16' 2^ 60411. 48

3K 60643. 36 Ir ii(3 F4) Limit 75000

October 1956.

Ir i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d

10 4s2 4p®

4d10 4f

1 * 5s2 5p«+

Observed Terms

5d7 6s2 |

b

4 P

b

2 D

a

4 F

a 2 G a

2 H

5 c

2 D

ns (n> 6) np (n> 6)

5d8

(

3 F)nx

{

b

4 F

0 2 F

5d8 (

3 P)nx / a«P

\ a 2 P

5d»(}V)nx a 2 D

5ds (}G)nx b

2 G

5d? 6s(5F)nx

{

e

6 F z ®D° z ®F° z ®G°

z

4 D° z4 F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ir i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. iii, Introduction.
PLATINUM

Pt l

78 electrons Z=78

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3^6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5

d

9 6s 3D3

6s 3D3 72300 K I. P. 9.0 volts

“A fairly complete wave-number system for Pt was sent to Rowland by Snyder in October,

1900”, according to Meggers and Laporte, who interpreted the early regularities among the

low levels when they observed Pt i in absorption in 1926. Haussmann studied the Zeeman

effect of 173 lines and reported 72 levels in 1927. Livingood revised and extended Haussmann’s work in 1929, and his paper is quoted for most of the level values in the table. Except

for terms arising from the 5d9 ns and 5d

10 configurations, the assignment of term designations on the basis of Z$-coupling is extremely tentative, and the spectrum needs further study.

No homogeneous line list exists, although the observations extend from 1928.85 A to 10757.78 A. More than 440 lines have been classified. Kessler and Meggers have recently

observed the Pt i spectrum from 6648.32 A to 10757.78 A. In an attempt to classify these

lines in the long-wave region the writer prepared a complete line fist and combination array;

added 5 new “odd” levels; and rejected 2, namely, 46007.3 and 46793.9. A number of strong

lines in the newly observed region still remain unclassified, however. Further observations

are needed to extend the analysis. Livingood’s notation is in the first column of the table.

The new levels can be detected from the absence of an entry in this column.

The observed ^-values are from livingood. These are also inadequate for further study

of the spectrum.

Goble pointed out in 1935 that in the Pt i sequence ^/-coupling applies more nearly than

Z$-coupling, to the levels having the configuration 5cZ

9

(

2D)6p. In ZS'-coupling this configuration gives rise to the terms 1,3 (P°D°F0

). In jj-coupling the same number of energy levels

and the same resultant J-values occur, but each level is defined by two j-values, one for the

d-electron ( 1 K or 2%), and one for the p-electron (OK or 1 %). By analogy with Au n and

Hg hi, Shenstone has suggested the j-values given in the table for 8 levels of this group. Of

the remaining “odd” levels, three with J=2 and one with J— 1 belong to the 5 d

9 6p configuration. The rest are doubtless from 5d8 6s6p; but configuration-interaction and the lack of

adequate observational material make it impossible to assign with assurance ZS'-designations

with limit terms. Consequently, the levels are listed in numerical order in the table. A

table giving the transformation from jj- to ZN-coupling may be found in the book by Condon

and Shortley, p. 294.

The limit is from the 6, 7s 3D3 series, which represents the removal of an s-electron from

the d

9 5 configuration. It has been derived by a Rydberg formula, but corrected to allow

for the percentage error known to apply in the first long period, in cases where the more

accurate Ritz formula could be compared with the Rydberg formula for series of three

members.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and O. Laporte, Phys. Rev. 28, 642 (1926). (T) (C L) A. C. Haussmann, Astroph. J. 66, 333 (1927). (T) (C L) (Z E)

J. J. Livingood, Phys. Rev. 34, 185 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

A. T. Goble, Phys. Rev. 48, 346 (1935). E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra, p. 294 (Cambridge University Press, London,

1951).

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) K. G. Kessler, W. F. Meggers, and C. E. Moore, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 53, 225, RP 2538 (1954). (C L) A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (September 1954). H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nvclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab. ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955).

(Summary hfs)
182

Pt i Pt

L Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g L Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

a 3 D, 5d9 (

2 D2H)6s 6s 3 D 3 0. 0 77* Q 281 5d

8 6s 6p 4 46965. 1 1. 34

a

3 D2 n 2 775. 9 1. 01

29! 5d«(2 Dl4)6plw 1 47740. 6 1. 43

a

3 F4 5d8 62 4 823. 7 1. 25

301 5d

8 6s 6p 4 48351. 9 1. 25

a ‘So 5d>° 5d10 »S 0 6140. 0

315 2 48535. 6 1. 02

a

3 P2 5d8 6s2 2 6567. 5 1. 12

CO to 5d8 6s 6p 3 48779. 3 1. 22

a

3 F3 5ds 6s2 3 10116. 8

335 5d

8 6s 6p 3 49286. 1 1. 19

a 3 Di 5d9 (

2 D1H)6s 6s 3 D 1 10132. 0

34! 1 49544. 5 1. 24

a ‘D 2 5d9

(

2 D1H)6s 6s ‘D 2 13496. 3 1. 17

355 2 49880. 8 1. 12

a *F2 5 d

8 6s2 2 15501. 8 0. 92

36! 1 50055. 8 0. 87

a

3 P, 5

8 6s2 1 18566. 5

505 5d

8 6s 6p 3 51097. 5 1. 21

a >G4 5d

8 6s2 4 21967. 1 1 + ? 375 2 51286. 9 1. 13

b >d2 5d8 6s2 2 26638. 6 0. 97

385 2 51545. 5 1. 25

z

6 Dj 5ds 6s(*F)6p 4 80157. 0 1. 46

395 2 51752. 8 1. 34

15 5d9 (

2 D2H)6poH 2 32620. 0 1. 39

40! 1 52071. 6 1. 22

2! 5d

8 6s 6p 5 88680. 5 1. 32

e

3 D3 5d9 (2 D2 ^) 7s 7s 3 D 3 52379. 3 OQ7 Q

1. 32

35 5d«(2 D2H)6poH 3 84122. 1 1. 21 e

3 D2 // 2 52667. 2 1. 04

45 5d

8 6s 6

p

3 85821. 7 1. 33 415 2 52708. 8 1. 46

5d

8 6s 6p 4 86296. 4 42! 1 58019. 2 1. 08

0

5 Ge 5d8 6s(4 F)6p 6 86781. 6 1. 33 435 2 53953. 3 1. 32

5! 5d«(2 D1H)6poH 1 86844 7 1. 09 5d8 6s 6p 3 54011. 1

65 2 37342. 1 1. 15 443 5d8 6s 6p 3 54839. 2 1. 21

75 5<P(2 D2*)6p1H 4 87590. 7 1. 25 45!, 2 2? 55216. 8 0. 96

si 5d9 (

2 D2*)6Pl* 3 87769. 0 1. 17 5d8 6s 6p 3 55536. 0

z

5 F§ 5d8 6s(4 F)6p 5 38586. 2 1. 30 e?F6 5d8 6s(4 F) 7s 5 55640. 7 1. 41

105 2 88815. 9 0. 88 d4 4 56784. 4 1. 27

111 5d

8 6s 6p 4 40194. 2 1. 21 3 57506. 41

125 2 40516. 8 1. 38 2 57987. 1

135 2 40787. 9 1. 20 Qa 3 59731. 5 1. 3 e3 3 59751. 2

145 5d*(2 D1H)6p1H 0 40878. 5

f3 3 59764. 3 1. 27

155 5d8 6s 6p 3 40970. 1 1. 12 G, 1 59782. 8 1. 07

16! 1 41802. 7 0. 92 h3 3 59872. 1 1. 23

175 5d8 6s 6p 3 42660. 2 1. 19 u 4 59882. 4 1. 17

18! 1 48187. 8 1. 39 J2 2 59908. 1 1. 02

195 1 43945. 7 1. 21 e

3 D, 5d9

(

2 Dm)7s 7s 3D 1 60357. 8 0. 52

20? 5

8 6s 6p 4 44432. 7 1. 20 e ‘D 2 5d9

(

2 D1H)7s 7s >D 2 60640. 6 1. 08

215 2 44444. 4 1. 21 m3 3 60790. 4 1. 07

225 5

8 6s 6p 3 44730. 8 1. 19 n4 4 60884. 0 1. 29

23! 1 45898. 4 1. 52 R4.5 64129. 1

245 2 46170. 4 1. 01 Te 6 64141. 3

255 2 46419. 4 0. 87 o4 4 64505. 9

265 5

8 6s 6p 0 46483. 9

27| 5d9

(

2 Dm)6Pl * 3 46622. 5 1. 15 Pt ii(2 D2H) Limit — 72300

February 1955.
183

Pt ii

(Ir i sequence; 77 electrons) Z=78

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d

10 4fu 5

s

2 5p6 5d° 2D2H

5d9 2T)2 m 149723 I. P. 18.56 volts

The analysis is from Shenstone, who has observed the spectrum from 976.419 A to 4514.17 A

and classified more than 550 lines. His spectrograms were made with three sources, namely,

the arc and spark in air and the Schuler tube. He comments that “High even levels are calculated from arc or Schuler tube wave numbers which are approximately 2.5 greater than

the spark wave numbers” given in his published table of classified lines. Shenstone’s notation is given in the left-hand column of the table, and his suggested term

designations have been adopted. The limit terms in the “Config.” column and the primes used

in the “Desig.” column to denote the different limits have been introduced by the writer. A

single prime indicates that the Pt n term arises from the second highest limit term in Pt hi; a double prime, the third limit term, etc. Since the Pt hi spectrum has not yet been analyzed,

the limit terms are assumed to lie in the same relative positions as indicated by the positions

of the Pt ii terms.

The doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations. Many levels have been assigned numbers only, “because the coupling is more nearly

jj than LS”

The ionization limit has been derived from the ns 4F4H series (n =6 to 8) by means of a Ritz formula.

REFERENCE

A. G. Shenstone, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 237, No. 782, 453 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)
184

Pt ii Pt ii

Shenstone Config. Desig. / Level Interval Shenstone Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d 2 D2* 5d» bd9 2 D 2K 0. 0 -8419. 9 441* 4K 78481. 8

bd 2 Di* IK 8419. 9 455* 3K 78762. 2

6s 4* 5d®(8F)6s 6s 4 F 4)4 4786. 6 a

6s 4 F3* 3K 9356. 2 3973 1 92!* IK 74000. 1 6s 4 F2* 2K 13329. 3 -2462. 1 6s 4 Fi* IK 15791. 4 46?* IK 74241. 8

li* 5<28

(8 P)6s 6s' 4 P 2K 16821. 0 -4348. 0

-548. 5 475* 2K 74619. 6

2i* 1 X 21169. 0

3* 0% 21717. 5 485* 3K 74746. 3

6s 2 F3* 5d*(J F)6s 6s 2 F 3% 18097. 9 -5363. 8 88* OK 74755. 2

6s 2 F2* 2)4 23461. 7

495* 3K 75185. 8

4l* 5d8 (

1 D)6s 6s" 2 D IX 23875. 9 9043. 3 72* 2)4 32919. 2 50!* IK 75582. 2

6ss 4 F4* 5<i7 6s2 6s2 4F 4K 24879. 6 Q7fi7 8 51 2* 2)4 76462. 1 6s2 4 F3*

6s2 4 F2* 3K

2K

34647. 4

36484. 2 - 1836. 8 - 1394. 0 93!* IK 76610. 7

6s2 4 Fi* 134 37878. 2

521* 4K 77519. 9 5* 5<28 (

8 P)6s 6s' 2 P 0J4 27256. 1 4981. 5

6i* IK 32237. 6 535* 2K 78044. 0

6s 2 G3* 5d8 0G)6s 6s"' 2 G 3 H 29030. 7

231. 6

541* 4)4 78906. 8

6s 2 G4* 4y2 29262. 3 555* 2% 79608. 1 6p 4 Dl* 5d8 (

3 F)6p 6p 4 D° 3% 51408. 8 Q7R9 0

245* 2H 61190. 8

4602 1 9 15* 2K 80858. 7 21!*

26«

1/2 OK

56588. 8

62782. 2 -6194. 0

565* 3K 81897. 9

6p 4 Gfo 5^(3 F)6p 6p 4 G° 5K 61058. 6

7183. 1 57* OK 82586. 5

201* 4K 58875. 5

3K 89J* IK 82824. 5

225* 2K 57018. 8

585* 2K 82973. 8

231* 5d8 (

3 F)6p 6p

4jr° 4K 60907. 8 -757. 8

255* 3H 61665. 6 595* 3K 88852. 7 2K

IK 601* 4K 84183. 3

271* 4K 62820. 6 61 5* 3K 85701. 1 28|* 3K 68789. 2 625* 2K 89608. 2 29 !* IK 64389. 0 631* 4K 89868. 9

305* 2K 64757. 6 902* 2K 92422.

31J* 2K 65851. 4 645* 3K 93886. 1 32k OK 65587. 4 65§* 3K 98482. 6

331* IK 66028. 8 661* 4K 94022. 9

345* 3K 66484- 6 672* 2K 95754. 9

352* 2K 68658. 4 7s 4 F4* 5d8

(

3 F)7s 7s 4F 4K 95803. 5 —811. 1 7s 4Fj* 3K 96614. 6 36* 0)4 69286. 1 2K

375*

IK

2K 69958. 7 685* 3K 97680. 9

CO 00 4K 70181. 8

695* 2K 98187. 5

395* 2K 70879. 2

405* 71815. 0

705* 3K

2K

98817. 9

99209. 6 2K

715*

415* 2K 71948. 9

725* 2)4 99797. 7 425* 2K 72991. 51 735* 2)4 100289. 7 43J* IK 78026. 7 741* 1)4 100612. 0
185

Pt II—Continued Pt II—Continued

Shenstone Config. Desig. J Level Interval Shenstone Config. Desig. J Level Interval

751* i X 100795. 9 6d 4H8H 5d8 (

3 F)6d 6d

4 H 6^4 104763. 9 1 9A Q

5}4 104637. 1 761h 3 H 100908. 8 4H

3K

5d8 7s 2/2 101199. 3 ILk 5d8 (

3 F)6d 6d

4 G 5 K 105066. 4

77§h 3% 101342. 2 4/4 105387. 5 3H

00 2/2 101898. 7 2/2 791^ 3M 101515. 91 13 5d8 (

3 F)6d 6d

4 F 4 H 106297. 1 1 Q A Q

1 3^2 106433. 4

loO. O 80§^ 3)4 101549. 4 2>4

1>4 8l!x 5% 101618. 8

8s 4 F^ 5d8 (

3 F)8s 8s 4 F 4^4 120626. 6?

c7 00 2/2 101867. 7 3/2

2>4 x

00 CO 2M 101917. 8 1/4 84hi 4H 102086. 6 154H 5da 7d 4}4 124047. 0 85 234 102415. 2 16<h 5d

B 7d 4H 124487. 4

2}4 108463. 9

87§h 3>4 103517. 4 Pt iii(3 F4) Limit —149723

August 1954.

Pt ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p8 Observed Terms

5d

9 5d9 2 D

5

d

7 6s2 6s2 4F

ns (n> 6) np (n> 6) nd (n >6)

5d8 (

3 F)na; / 6-8s 4F

l 6s 2 F

6p

4 D° 6p 4F° 6p 4 G° 6d 4 F 6d 4 G 6d 4 H

5d8 (

3 P)nx' / 6s' 4 P

l 6s' 2 P

5d8CD)nx" 6s" 2 D

5d8

(

1 G)nx,,/ 6s'" 2 G

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ir i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. m, Introduction.
GOLD

Au I

79 electrons Z=79

Ground state Is2 2

2 2p° 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s 2S0^

6s 2S0^ 74410.0 K I. P. 9.22 volts

The analysis is from Platt and Sawyer, who have revised and extended the earlier work

by Thorsen, McLennan and McLay, and others. They list 315 classified lines in the interval

1494.57 A and 10109.0 A. Their limit has been derived by fitting an extended Ritz formula

to the ns 2S series (n=7 to 10; 9 to 12), and the nd 2D series (n=10 to 13), the average deviation

being ±3 K.

They have assigned arbitrary numbers to the miscellaneous levels; these numbers have

been retained in the left column of the table.

The three-place observed ^-values in the last column are from a manuscript by Green and

Maxwell, furnished in advance of publication. The writer has determined the 5 two-place

y-values: 4 from the observations of Symons and Daley, and 1 from data in the 1955 manuscript.

Platt and Sawyer state that the levels from the 5d9 6s 6p configuration are divided into

two widely separated groups “based, respectively, on 5d

9 2D2^ and 5d9 2D1H of Au in.” This

results from the fact that the Au i spectrum exhibits approximate ^'-coupling, as is the case with Au n. The levels of Au ii having as limits 2D2^ and 2D1J4 in Au in are commonly designated 3D3i2 and 3 DX

! D2 when the limit terms 1,3 D in jLS-notation have their levels grouped in

pairs. Injj-coupling the pairs are described by the notation dlx SohU and dlx So^U, respectively.

The complete configuration assignments have the form dlx and combined with the ^’-values

of the running p- and s-electrons, those for the running p-electron being lK and OK, and for an s-electron OK. The order of coupling of the vectors is not yet known for Au i. In the table the subscripts for the electrons have been introduced by Trees and the writer

to describe more fully the configurations of the observed levels in ^‘-coupling. Although the

criteria for these assignments are not definitive, yet a good guide is available in Au i from a study of the observed ^-values. For this purpose, the theoretical gr-values for ^‘-coupling have

been calculated from the formula by Mack, on the assumption that the d- and s-electrons

together are coupled with the p-electron. These are given in the following table, which is complete for the 5d9 6s 6p array of levels. In the left column the ^‘-coupling notation is given

for each of the four groups of levels. Beneath it is an arbitrary notation indicating the J-value

of the limiting Z^-level. This is included to facilitate comparison of the observed ^-values

with the theoretical Land6 ^-values in itf-coupling for the terms involved, which, in this case, are 2,4 P°D°F° and 2P

0D°F°. Observed ^-values are entered where known. Leaders indicates

that the level is known but no observed <7-value is available. Three levels marked “absent”

have not yet been found.
Au i—Continued

gr-values for jj-coupling

Configuration J 4K 3/2 2/ 1 / 0/

5 6soh 6pi^

5d® 6s(3 D3)6piH Theory

Observed

1. 333 1. 333

1. 372

1. 333 1. 333

1. 422

5d® 6s(3 D2)6piH Theory

Observed

1. 181 1. 166

1. 222

1. 120 0. 800

5d®>$ 6soh 6pon

5d® 6s(3 D3)6poh Theory

Observed

1. 238

1. 258

1. 429

1. 532

5d» 6s(3 D2)6po* Theory

Observed

0. 987

1. Oil

1. 147

1. 064

5d\x 6soh Spin

5

d® Theory

Observed

1 . 000 1. Ill 1. 889

Absent

5d« 6sOD2)6piH Theory

Observed

1. 200

Absent

1. 187

1. 30

1. 147 0. 867

Absent

5d\x 6soh 6pon

5d» 6s(3 Di)6pox Theory

Observed

0. 556 0. 444

5d® 6s6D2)6poh Theory

Observed

1. 013

0. 984

1. 187

1. 16

For the running 6d-electron no attempt has been made to indicate the ./-values, as the data

are too incomplete. The limit term, together with a suggested J-value denoting the limiting

level involved, is, however, tentatively assigned.

Some iAS-designations for miscellaneous levels, given in the literature, are quoted here,

and others have been added provisionally by Trees and the writer, but no attempt has been

made to group the levels into terms because of the departure from Z^-coupling. For 5d9 6s 6_p

levels Racah has made a theoretical study of the arrangement of the terms in .LS-coupling for

Cu i, which, combined with the observed ^-values has served as a general guide in making the

present very tentative ZS'-term-assignments in Au i. REFERENCES

J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 34, 30 (1929). A. S. M. Symons and J. Daley, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 41, 431 (1929). (T) (C L) (Z E)

J. R. Platt and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 60, 866 (1941). (I P) (T) (C L) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 62, 525 (1942).

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge National Laboratory ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955). (Summary hfs)

J. B. Green and H. N. Maxwell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 98 (1955). (Z E)
188

Au I Au I

PS Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g PS Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d10 0S) 6s 6s 2 S ox 0. 0 1. 997 5d10 (

1 S)9s 9s 2S 0y2 68680. 5

5d» 6s3 6s2 2 D 2/2 9161. 3 19974 n

1. 192 2 5d» 6s(3 D3)7s 4 D 2/ 68705. 1 1. 270

IX 21435. 3 0. 804

5d10 0S)8d 8d 2 D 1 X 69971. 3 5d10 0S)6p 6p 2 P° 0V2 S7S58. 9 <*si f; 4

0. 661 2y2 70007. 6 00. 0

1 X 41174. 8 1. 334

5d10

(

1 S)10* 10s 3S 0y2 70617. 3

1° 5daH 6soh 6po>i 4po 2/ 48168. 5 1. 532

3 5d» 6s(3 D2)7s 4 D iX 70653. 3 0. 905

2° // <p° sy2 45537. 4 1. 258

4 5d

9 6s(3 D2)7s 2 D 2y2 71222. 0

3° // 2/2 46174- 5 1. 011

5d10 0S)9d 9d

2 D ix 71354. 4 oa n

4° 5dlx 6$o^ 4 D° 2y2 46879. 0 2/2 71380. 4

ZD. U

5° // 4 po iX 47007. 4 1. 422 5d*°(*S)lls 11s 2S ox 71713. 8

6° // 4pO 4x 48697. 4 5d1 °(1 S)10d lOd 2 D IX 72163. 8 7 n 2y2 72170. 8

#. u

7° n 4 D° 3y2 51029. 1 1. 372

5d10

(

1 S)12s 12s 2 S 0x 72395. 9

8° 5daH 6soh 6po« 2 D° 1 X 51281. 4 1. 064

5d“>0S)lld lid 2 D 1 X 72690. 1 A 7

9° 5d!^ 6s0^ bpui 4po

1/2 51485. 0 2/ 72694. 8

4

10° n 2D° 2/2 51658. 9 1. 222 5d10 (

1 S) 13s 13s 2S 0x 72847. 5 11° // 2p° 3x 52802. 1 5d10

(

1 S)12d 12d 2 D IX 73051. 0 Q Q 2y2 73054 8

O. O

12° // 4po oy2 58197. 5

5d10

(

1 S)14s 14s 2 S 0y2 73162. 1 5d«0S)7s 7s 2 S 0y2 54484. 9 1. 995 5d10 0S)13d 13d 2 D 1 X 73308. 1 A K 2 y2 73312. 6

i-H CO O 5c??m 6so% 6pox

4 D° 0X 55782. 5

5d10 0S) 14d 14d 2 D ix 73500. 4

14° // 4D° 1/2 56106. 0 1. 16 2y2 73502. 5

Z. 1

15° // 2 po 2y2 58616. 5 0. 984

16° n 2 po IX 58845. 1 Au iiOS0) Limit .... 74410. 0

5 5d» 6s(3 D3) 6d 1/2 76278. 0

17° 5d\x 6so^ 2 p° 2/ 59718. 2

6

// 2X 76566. 7

18° n 2J)° 2/2 61255. 1 1. 30

7 n 5/2 76569. 8

19° n 2D° IX 61563. 8

8

// CO 76731. 9

to o

o // 2p° ix 68005. 1 9

// 4/2 76829. 9 5d10

(

1 S)7p 7p 2 P° 0X 60033. 0 ftop; o 10 // 1/2 76906. 4 IX 60728. 9 1. 33?

11 // 2/ 76955. 0

5<i10

(

1 S) 6d 6d 2 D 1 V2 61951. 6 Q9 1 0. 787

2y2 62033. 7 1. 193 12 5d« 6s(3 D2)6d 2X 78667. 8 5d10 (

1S)8s 8s 2 S 0x 64742. 4 2. 01 13 // IX 78819. 9 5d10 (

1 S)8p 8v

2 P° 0x 66605. 8 n 14 // 1 X 79010. 2 1. 10

IX 66910. 8

15 5d® 6s(»Da)6d 2y2 80772. 7 5dwpS)7d 7d 2 D 1 X 67469. 4 A 1 Q 2 y2 67510. 7 16 // 2/2 81076. 8 5d10

(

1 S)5/ 5/ 2 F° 3X 67485. 8 4 7 17 // 1/2 81683. 7 2y2 67490. 0

1 5d® 6s(3 D3)7s 4 D 3x 67811. 5 1. 423

February 1955.
189

J

i

Au II

(Pt i sequence; 78 electrons) Z=79

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3 s

2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 J S0

5d10 x So 165000 K I. P. 20.5 volts

The analysis is from Platt and Sawyer, who have revised and extended the earlier work

by McLennan and McLay, Rao, Mack and Fromer, and others. There are approximately

200 classified lines in the interval 820.42 A to 8999.7 A, but the work is still far from complete.

The spectra of the Pt i isoelectronic sequence are of special theoretical interest because

they approach ^’-coupling rather than LS- or ^//-coupling. This appears more conspicuously

in the spectra of higher ionization especially among the levels from the 5d9

(

2T))Qp configuration.

A detailed study of “The Four Vector Problem and Its Application to Energies and Intensities

in Platinum-like Spectra” has been made by Goble. In AS-coupling this configuration gives

rise to the terms 1,3 (P0 D0 F°). In jj-coupling the same number of energy levels and the same

resultant t/-values occur, but each level is defined by two j-values, one for the d-electron

(1 y2 or 2 JO, and one f°r the p-electron (OK or 1J0.

In the table the writer has assigned AS'-designations only for the terms from the 5d9

(

2D)7is

configuration, although the jj-coupling applies here, also, as can be seen from the pairs of

6s- and 7s-levels. The levels from 5d9

(

2 T))np have the ^'-values of the d- and p-electrons, as required for ^-coupling, indicated in the configuration column, the former being the same as the J-values of the limit term 2D. Shenstone has suggested that by analogy with Hg hi the

configuration assignments by Platt and Sawyer be interchanged for the levels labeled 5° and 8°. This has been done in the table. A table giving the transformation from jj- to .LS-coupling

may be found in the book by Condon and Shortley, p. 294.

The observed ^-values are from a manuscript on “The Zeeman Effect of Gold”, furnished

by Green and Maxwell in advance of publication. They supersede the early work by Symons

and Daley.

Platt and Sawyer state that their limit is estimated, with the help of Rydberg term tables,

from the known terms of the 5d

9 ns and 5d9 np series. REFERENCES

A. S. M. Symons and J. Daley, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 41, 431 (1929). (Z E)

A. T. Goble, Phys. Rev. 48, 346 (1935).

J. R. Platt and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 60, 866 (1941). (I P) (T) (C L) E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra p. 294 (Cambridge University Press, London,

1951). A. G. Shenstone, Letter (October 1954).

J. B. Green and H. N. Maxwell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 98 (1955). (Z E)
190

Au II Au ii

PS Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g PS Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.gr

1 5d10 5d10 iS 0 0. 0 12° 5d9 (2 D1 *)6p1* 2 86565. 1 1. 29

2 5d9

(

2 D2H)6s 6s 3 D 3 15039. 0 2600 4

14 5d» 6s2 0 91114. 4

3

4 n5d9 (

2 D1H)6s 2

1 17639. 4

27764. 5 -10125. 1 15 5d9

(

2 D2H)7s 7s 3 D 3 108172. 2 -458. 6

1. 20

16 // 2 108630. 8 0. 95

5 5<Z9 (

2 D,h)6s 6s iD 2 29620. 8 1. 04

6 5d* 6s2 4 40478. 3 1. 13 17 5d9 (

2 D2H)6d 1 116049. 8

7 5d

6 6s2 2 48510. 4 1. 02 18 5d9

(

2 D2H)6d 4 116945. 8

8 5d

8 6s2 3 52176. 0 1. 15 19 5d9

(

2 D2*)6d 2 117065. 2 9 5d* 6s2 0 55436. 6 20 5d9

(2 D2H)6<Z 1 117296. 9 10 5d8 6s2 2 58191. 2 1. 08 21 5d9

(

2 D2*)6d 3 117511. 4

11 5d8 6s2 1 59101. 0 22 5d9 (

2 D2H)6d 3 117982. 8

12 5d* 6s2 4 61384. 5 23 5d9 (2 D2H)6d 2 118028. 9

1° 5d9 (

2 D2H)6p0* 2 63052. 5 1. 45 24 5d9

(

2 D2H)6<2 4 118167. 6

2° 5d9 (

2 D2^)6poH 3 65002. 9 1. 04 13° 5d9

(

2 D2^)7y>oH 2 119446. 7

13 5<28 6s2 2 68145. 1 1. 26 14° 5d9

(

2 D2H)7poH 3 120256. 5

3° 5d9 (

2 D2^)6p^ 4 72494. <? 1. 15 25 5<29

(2 Dw)7s 7s 3 D 1 120822. 1 4° 5d9 (

2 D2H)6Pi* 2 73177. S 1. 12 15° 5<28 6s 6p 2 120952. 0

5° 5d9

(2 Di^)6poH 1 73403. 7 1. 04 26 5d9 (

2 D^)7s 7s iD 2 121117. 8

6° 5d9 (

2 D2H)6p1H 3 74790. 9 1. 30 16° 5d9

(2 D2H)7Pl* 2 121784. 2

7° 5d9 (

2 D,H)6p0>* 2 76658. 7 1. 38 17° 5d9 (

2 D2H)7Pl* 1 121862. 0

8° 5d9 (

2 D2*)6pw 1 81659. 7 18° 5<Z9 (

2 D2H)7p1H 4 123061. 8

9° 5d9 (2 D^)6p^ 0 82613. 0 19° 5<29 (

2 D2*)7p1H 3 123343. S 1. 03

10° 5d9

(2 D^)6p1H 5d9 (2 D1H)6p1H

3 85699. 2

11° 1 85707. 0 1. 11 Au iii(2 D2^) Limit 165000

February 1955.
MERCURY

Hgl

80 electrons Z=80

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3 s

2 3p6 3d10 4s

2 4p6 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d

10 6

s

2

6s2 % 84184.1 K I. P. 10.43 volts

The first spectrum of mercury has attracted the attention of many investigators. Its

lines exhibit isotope shifts, Paschen-Back Effect, hyperfine structure, Stark Effect, and other

phenomena.

With the development of the electrodeless Hg198 lamp, the spectrum has come into special

prominence. Meggers has pointed out that with this source the observed wavelengths provide

ideal and reproducible standards. Barrell has shown that these standards can be reproduced

with an accuracy of ±1 part in 108

. The line at 5460 A is being considered by the Inter- national Committee on Weights and Measures as the primary standard of length.

More than 600 lines have been classified in Hg i. The observations extend from 745.95 A

to 39970 A. Observed intersystem combinations connect the terms of different multiplicities.

A number of “forbidden” transitions have been observed. Mrozowski discusses the structure

of two such lines, X2967 and X2269, as due to the “nuclear perturbational effect” in the odd

isotopes. This has been discussed further by Kessler.

Shenstone and Russell comment that “The mercury spectrum contains long series but none

of them is capable of giving an accurate limit” because of perturbations. The writer has

obtained the value of the limit quoted in the table by adding the correction suggested by

Walerstein, +2.8, to Paschen’s value 84181.3. This limit gives fairly consistent values for

converting the different lists of absolute term values later than Paschen’s, into one complete

array of terms starting from the ground state zero. The tabular values of the energy levels are not derived from a homogeneous line list, and the wavelengths are in general none too

accurate, even though selected ones observed with the interferometer are measured with

precision. Consequently, the narrow intervals given for some terms in the table are within

the errors of observation and the terms may well be unresolved.

The three-place entries in the table are from Burns, Adams, and Longwell; and from

Fowles, who has corrected the older values of 8p X P° and confirmed the suggestion by Shenstone

and Russell regarding 6p' X P°. The two-place entries are quoted from Humphreys, who

has observed Hg i in the infrared, and also from Fowles. Walerstein has extended the series

of “even” terms, and his values have been used for higher series members. For the “odd”

series having the 2 S limit, most of the higher members are taken from Murakawa, but the

terms np 3P° (n=15 to 26) and np 1 P° (n=17 to 19) are from Kamiyama. Sawyer and Beese

(1926) reported the 6p2 3PX , 0 levels. The level 6p2 3Po is from Garton and Rajaratnam, who

designate the line reported by Sehvyn at 1972.94 A as 6p 3P° —6p2 3P0 , in place of Sawyer’s

line at 1900.1 A. The long series having as limit the 2D term in Hg n are from the lines

observed in absorption by Beutler, in the extreme ultraviolet. These lines represent transitions between the ground term 6s2 X S0 and levels above the ionization limit. Only the

transition J—0 to J—l is to be expected, so the missing components of these high triplet terms

have not been indicated in the table. There are also three components of triplet terms from this

limit below the ionization limit, which are listed separately, namely, 6p' 3F°, 6p

' 3 D3 , and

6p' 3 P°. The J-values of the limit term and the values of the high 2D limits are quoted from

Beutler. Shenstone also discusses auto-ionization in his paper entitled “Ultra-Ionization

Potentials in Mercury Vapor.”

The observed ^-values are from Green and Loring. Both Paschen-Back Effect and hyperfine structures have been extensively observed for selected lines, but few (/-values are reported.

Only a small selection of the many references to this type of work is given below.
192

Hg I—Continued

REFERENCES

A. LandS, Phys. Zeit. 22, 417 (1921). (Z E)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 146 (Fleetway Press, Ltd., London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren p. 116 (Julius Springer, Berlin 1922). (I P) (T)

(C L) R. A. Sawyer, J. Opt. Soc. Am. and Rev. Sci. Instr. 13, 440 (1926). (T) (C L)

H. Nagaoka and T. Mishima, Proc. Imp. Acad. Japan 2, 383 (1926). (Z E)

W. C. van Geel, Zeit. Phys. 47, 615 (1928). (Z E)

E. D. McAlister, Phys. Rev. 34, 1142 (1929); Phys. Rev. 35, 1585 (L) (1930). (T) (C L)

F. Paschen, Ann. der Phys. [5] 6, 47 (1930). (T) (C L) T. Takamini and T. Suga, Sci. Papers Inst. Phys. Chem. Research (Tokyo) 13, 2, No. 232 (1930). (T) (C L)

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 38, 873 (1931). (I P)

A. G. Shenstone and H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 39, 415 (1932). (C L)

H. Beutler, Zeit. Phys. 84, 289 (1933); 86, 710 (1933). (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 46, 888 (1934). (Z E)

I. Walerstein, Phys. Rev. 46, 874 (1934). (T) (C L) K. Murakawa, Proc. Phys. Math. Soc. Japan [3] 17, 14 (1935). (T) (C L) (hfs) K. Murakawa, Proc. Phys. Math. Soc. Japan [3] 18, 345 (1936); Zeit. Phys. 108, 168 (1937). (T) (C L) T. Suga, M. Kamiyama and T. Sugiura, Sci. Papers Inst. Phys. Chem. Research (Tokyo) 34, No. 741, 32

(1937). (C L) (G D)

E. H. Collins, Phys. Rev. 56, 48 (1939). (Z E)

M. Kamiyama, Bull. Inst. Phys. Chem. Research (Tokyo) 22, No. 10, 877 (1943). (T) (C L)

S. Mrozowski, Phys. Rev. 67, 161 (1945). (C L) K. Burns, K. B. Adams, and J. Longwell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 339 (1950). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and F. O. Westfall, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 44, 447, RP 2091 (1950). K. G. Kessler, Phys. Rev. 77, 559 (L) (1950). (C L)

H. Barrell, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 209, No. 1096, 132 (1951). K. Burns and K. B. Adams, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 56 (1952); 42, 716 (1952). (T) (C L) (I S) P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) C. J. Humphreys, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43, 1027 (1953). (T) (C L) G. R. Fowles, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44, 85, 760 (1954). (T) (C L) (I S) W. R. S. Garton and A. Rajaratnam, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 68, 1107 (1955). (T) (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, Suppl. II, 31 (1955).

(Summary hfs)Hg I Hg

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

5d10 6s* 6s* iS 0 0. 000 5 6s(2S)8p 8p

3 P° 0 76447. 24S 19 824

5d10 6s(2 S)6p

1 76467. 067

356. 4

6p

3 P° 0 376^5. 080 1767. 220

4630. 677

2 76823. 5

12 39412. 300

44042. 977

1. 479

1. 503 5d10 6s(2 S)8p 8p »P° 1 76863. 264

5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p 1 P° 1 54068. 781 1. 019 5d» 6s2 (

2 D2^) 6p 6p' 3 F° 4 76945. 41 5d10 6s(*S)7s 7s 3S 1 62350. 456 2. 003 5d10 6s (

2 S) 7d 7d J D 2 77064. 097

5d10 6s(*S)7s 7s iS 0 63928. 243 5d10 6s(2S)7d 7d 3 D 1 77084. 632

2 77107. 917

5d? 6s2

(2 D2H)6p 6p' 3 P° 2 68886. 60 3 77129. 535

23. 285

5d»° 6s(2 S)7p 7p

3 P° 0 69516. 66

145. 23

1545. 62

5d10 6s(2S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 2 77237. 04

21. 618

1 69661. 89 3 77239. 20

2 71207. 51 4 77286. 99

2. 16

5dTM 6s (*S) 7p 7p

iP° 1 71295. 15 5d10 6s(2 S)5/ 5/ 1 F° 3 77241. 68 47. 79

5d10 6s(*S)6d 6d l D 2 71333. 182 5d10 6s(2 S)9s 9s 3 S 1 78216. 261

5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6d 3 D 1 71336. 164

60. 056

35. 091

5d10 6s(2 S)9s 9s J S 0 78404. 387

2 71396. 220 1. 109

3 71431. 311 1. 342 5d

9 6s2 (

2D2H)6p 6p' 1 D° 2 78676. 7 5d9 6s*(2 D2H)6p 6p' 3 D° 3 73119. 2 5d9 6s2 (

2 D2*)6p 6p' »P° 1 78813

5

10 6s(*S)8s 8s 3 S 1 73961. 298 5d10 6s(2 S)9p 9p 3 P° 0 79375. 783

36. 962

200. 6 5d10 6s(*S)8s

1 79412. 745

8s *S 0 74404. 590 2 79613. 3
193

Hg I—Continued Hg I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5d10 6s(2S)8d 8d iD 2 79660. 785 5<210 6s(2 S)13s 13s 3S 1 82591. 3

5dTM 6s(2S)8d 8d 3 D 1 79678. 708

11. 592

12. 334

5d10 6s(2 S)13s 13s iS 0 82616. 2

2

3 79690. 30079702. 634 5<i10 6s(2 S) 13p 13p 3po 0

1 5^755. 9

29. 1 5 6s(2S)6/ 6/ 3jr° 2 797^8. 7

1. 3

3. 3

2 82795. 03

3 79745. 0

4 79748. 3 5d10 6s(2 S)12d 12(2 ID 2 82807. 421

5d10 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ ip° 3 79745. 8 5d10 6s (

2 S) 12<2 12(2 3 D 1 82811. 2

1 3

2 82812. 5

2. 8 5d10 6s(2 S)9p 9p

ipo 1 79964. 1 3 82815. 3 5d10 6s(2S)10s 10s 3 S 1 80268. 056 5d"> 6s (

2 S) 10/ 10/ 3p° 2 82818. 7

1 1 3 82819. 8

0 3 5d10 6s(2 S)10s 10s »S 0 80365. 653 4 82820. 1 5d10 6s(2S)10p lOp 3po 0 80902. 27

14. 42

106. 2

5 6s(2S)10/ 10/

ipo 3 82820. 4

1 80916. 686

2 81022. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)13p 13p ipo 1 82823. 94

5d10 6s(2 S)9d 9d ID 2 81057. 749 5d10 6s(2 S)14s 14s 3 S 1 82915. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)9d 9d 3 D 1 81071. 027

6. 8

7. 3

5d10 6s(2 S)14s 14s IS 0 82933. 2

2 81077. 8

3 81085. 126 5

d

10 6s(2 S)14p 14p 3p° 0

1 83039. 3

21. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)7/ 7/ 3p° 2 81103. 9

0. 7

2. 5

2 83061. 2

3 81104. 6 4 81107. 1 5d10 6s (

2 S) 13(2 13(2 ’D 2 83069. 2 5d10 6s(2S)7/ 7/ ip° 3 81106. 5 5d10 6s (

2 S) 13d 13(2 3 D 1 83073. 4

0 8

2 83074. 2

2. 1 5<210 6s (2 S) lOp 10p ipo 1 81153. 614 3 83076. 3 5d10 6s(2 S)lls 11s 3S 1 81416. 352 5(210 6s(2 S)ll/ 11/ 3p° 2 83079. 0

1 1 3 83080. 1 -0. 1 5d10 6s(2 S)lls 11s IS 0 81473. 4 4 83080. 0

5d10 6s(2S) lip lip 3p° 0 81800. 0

11. 9

61. 959

5(2 10 6s(2 S)ll/ 11/ 1F° 3 83080. 4

12

81811. 876

81873. 835 5(210 6s (

2 S) 14p 14p ipo 1 83084. 0

5d

10 6s(2 S)10d lOd iD 2 81895. 0 5c210 6s(2 S)15s 15s 3 S 1 83149. 9

5(210 6s (

2 S) lOd 10<2 3 D 1 81904. 5

4. 2

4. 9

5(210 6s(2 S)15s 15s IS 0 83162. 9

2 81908. 7

3 81913. 632 5(210 6s(2 S)15p 15p 3p° 0

1 83240. 1 18. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)8/ 8/ 3p° 2 81923. 5

0. 8

3. 5

2 83258. 7

3 81924- 3

4 81927. 8 5(210 6s(2 S)14(2 14(2 iD 2 83263. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)8/ 8/ iF° 3 81925. 3 5c210 6s (

2 S) 14(2 14(2 3 D 1 83266. 9

1 0

2 83267. 9

1 7 5d10 6s(2 S)llp lip ipo 1 81942. 444 3 83269. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)12s 12s 3 S 1 82124. 081 5(210 6s(2 S)12/ 12/ 3p° 2 83271. 0

0 9

3 83271. 9

0. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)12s 12s iS 0 82160. 8 4 83272. 5

5d10 6s(2 S)12p 12p 3p° 0 5(210 6s(2 S)12/ 12/ ip° 3 83273. 4

1 82379. 0

43. 6 2 82422. 60 5(210 6s(2 S)15p 15p ipo 1 83280. 5

5d10 6s(2 S)lld lid iD 2 82436. 2 5(210 6s(2 S)16s 16s 3 S 1 83325. 0

5d“> 6s(2 S)lld lid 3 D 1 82443. 0

2. 9

3. 3

5(210 6s(2 S)16s 16s J S 0 83334. 8

2 82445. 9

3 82449. 2 5(210 6s(2S)16p 16p 3p° 0

1 83396. 7

10. 5

5dio 6s(2 S)9/ 9/ 3p° 2 82454. 9

0. 3

1. 5

2 83407. 2

3 82455. 2 4 82456. 7 5(210 6s 83411. 9 (

2 S) 15(2 15d iD 2 5d10 6s(2 S)9/ 9/ ipo 3 82455. 3 5(210 6s(2 S) 15(2 15(2 3 D 1 83413. 9 0 9

2 83414. 8

0. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)12p 12p ipo 1 82464- 05 3 83415. 7
194

Hg I—Continued Hg I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5dTM 6s(2 S)13/ 13/ 3po 2 SS420. 1

1. 9

2. 9

5d10 6s(2S)21s 21s J S 0 83773. 7

3 83U8. 0

4 83430. 9 5dw 6s(2S)21p 21p 3 P° 0

1 5d10 6s(2 S)13/ 13/ ip° 3 83418. 7 2 SS732. 5

5d

10 6s(2 S)16p 16p ipo 1 83420. 3 5d10 6s(2 S)20d 20d iD 2 83798. 3

5

10 6s(2 S)17s 17s 3 S 1 83459. 0 5d10 6s(2 S)20d 20d 3 D 3 83802. 4 -0. 2 -0. 3

2 83802. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)17s 17s J S 0 83466. 4 1 83802. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)17p 17p 3p° 0 5d10 6s(2 S)22s 22s 3 S 1 83817. 6

1 83512. 7

8. 9

2 83521. 6 5<210 6s(2S)22p 22p

3 P° 0

1 5d" 6s(2S)16d 16d ID 2 83526. 7 2 83834. 5

5

10 6s(2 S)16d 16d 3 D 1 83528. 5

0.

4

1. 0

5d10 6s(2 S)21d 21d iD 2 83842. 7

2 83528. 9

3 83529. 9 5rfi° 6s(2 S)21d 21d 3 D 3 83843. 6 -0. 7

0. 3

2 83844. 3 5d10 6s(2S)17p 17p ipo 1 83530. 7 1 83844. 0

5d

10 6s(2S)14/ 14/ 3p° 2 5d10 6s(2 S)23s 23s 3 S 1 83856. 6

3 83530. 9

7. 7 4 83538. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)23p 23p 3 P° 0

1 5d

10 6s(2 S)18s 18s 3 S 1 83564. 0 2 83868. 0

5d

10 6s(2S)18s 18s J S 0 83569. 6 5d'° 6s(2 S)22d 22d

3 D 3 83879. 0 -0. 3

0. 2

2 83879. 3 5d10 6s(2 S)18p 18p 3p° 0 1 83879. 1

1 83601. 9

12. 0

2 83613. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)24s 24s 3 S 1 83889. 7 5d10 6s(2 S)15/ 15/ 3po 2 5dio 6s(2 S)24p 24p 3 P° 0

3 83603. 2

6. 1

1 4 83609. 3 2 83892. 6 5d10 6s(2 S)17d 17(2 iD 2 83617. 4 5d10 6s

2 S) 23d 23d 3 D 3 83909. 2 -0. 6 2 83909. 8

5d10 6s(2S)17d 17(2 3 D 1 83618. 5

1. 4

0. 4

1 2 83619. 9

3 83620. 3 5d10 6s(2 S)25s 25s 3 S 1 83918. 0

6s(2 S)18p 18p ipo 1 83619. 9 5d10 6s(2 S)25p 25p

3 P° 0 5d10 6s(2 S)19s 19s 3 S 1 83647. 9

12 88920. 8

5di° 6s(2 S)19s 19s is 0 83651. 2 5d10 6s (

2S) 24d 24d 3 D 3 83933. 9 -1.1

5d10 6s(2 S)19p 19p 3p° 0 2

1 83935. 0

1 83677. 9

8. 1 2 83686. 0

5d10 6s(2 S)26p 26p 3 P° 0

5d10 6s(2 S)18d 18(2 iD 2 83690. 7

12 83942. 0

5d‘° 6s(2 S)19p 19p ipo 1 83691. 3

5d10 6s(2 S)25d 25d 3 D 3 83955. 7 -0. 5 5d10 6s(2 S)18d 18(2 3 D 1 83692. 7

0. 1

0. 8

2 83956. 2

2 83692. 8 1

5d10 6s(2S)20s 3S

3 83693. 6

5di» 6s(2 S)26d 26d 3 D 3 83975. 6 -0. 4 20s 1 83715. 4 2 83976. 0 5d10 6s(2 S)20s 20s is 0 83718. 8

1

5d10 6s(2 S)20p 20p 3po 0

1 5 6s(2 S)27d 27d 3 D 3

2

83993. 4

2 83745. 7

1

5

10 6s(2S)19d 19(2 iD 2 83750. 3 5d10 6s(2 S)28d 28d *D 32

84007. 4

5d10 6s(2S)19d 19(2 3 D 3 83753. 1

0. 5 -0. 9

1 2 83752. 6

1 83753. 5 5d10 6s(2 S)29d 29d 3 D 3

o 84021. 8 5d10 6s(2S)21s 21s 3 S 1 83771. 3 i
195

Hg I—Continued Hg I—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Hg ii(2 D2H) 5d9 6s2

(

2 T>m)7p

Limit 119692

Hg ii(*Soh) Limit 84184. 1 7p> 3 po 1 119953

5d9 6s2f 2 D1H)6p 6

p' 3 P° 1 88760 5d9 6s2 (

2 D1H)7p 7

p' 3 D° 1 120715

5d10 6p2 6p2 3 P 0

1 9009693980 3884 5d

9 6s2 (

2 D!^)8p 8

p' 3 P° 1 126973

2 5d

9 6s2 (

2 Di^)8p 8

p' 3 D° 1 127254

5

d

9 6s2

(

2 Di^)6p 6

p' 3 D° 1 93737 5d9 6s2

(2 D1H;5/ 5

/' 1 P°? 1 127770

5

d

9 6s2

(2 D2H)7p 7p' iP° 1 105881 5d9 6s2(2 D1H)9p 9

p' 3 P° 1 129921

5

d

9 6s2

(

2 D2H)8p 8p' >P° 1 112272 5d9 6s2

(

2 D!^)9p 9p' 3 D° 1 130053

5d9 6s2 (

2 D2H)5/? 5/' 3 P°? 1 112725 5d9 6s2

(

2 D1H)6/ 6/' iP°? 1 130281

5d9 6s2

(2 D2H)9p 9p' »P° 1 115035 5d

9 6s2

(

2 DlH)10p 10p' 3 P° 1 131444

5d9 6s2

(2 D2H)6/ 6/' 3 P°? 1 1152^2 5d9 6s2

(

2 Dm)10p 10p' 3 D° 1 131535

5d9 6s2

(

2 D2H)10p 10p' 2 P° 1 116498 5d

9 6s2

(

2 Dw)7/ 7/' 1 P°? 1 131644

5d9 6s2

(

2 D2H)7/ 7/' 3 P°? 1 116616 5d9 6s2

(

2 D1H)llp lip' 3 P° 1 132345

5d9 6s2

(2 D2H)llp lip' iP° 1 117355 5d9 6s2

(

2 D1H)8/ 8/' iP°? 1 132602

5

d

9 6s2

(2 D2H)8/ 8f 3p°? 1 117422 5d

9 6s2

(

2 D1K)12p 12p' 3 P° 1 132921

5d9 6s2

(

2 D2H)12p 12p' iP° 1 117915 5d9 6s2

(2 D^)13p 13p' 3 P° 1 133312

5d

9 6s2

(

2 D2H)9/ 9

/' 3 P°? 1 117964 5d

9 6s2

(

2 D1H)14p 14p' 3 P° 1 133588

5d9 6s2

(2 D2H)13p 13p' ip° 1 118307 5d

9 6s2 (2 Dw)15p 15p' 3 P° 1 133792

5d9 6s

2

(2 D2^) 14p 14p' iP° 1 118565 5d9 6s2

(

2 D1H)16p 16p' 3 P° 1 133940

5d9 6s2 (2 D2M)15p 15p' 2 P° 1 118762 5d9 6s2

(

2 D^)17p 17p' 3 P° 1 134057

5d9 6s2 (

2 D2H)16p

5d

9 6s2

(

2 D2H)17p

16p' 2 P°

17p' ip°

1 118912

1 119029 Hg ii (

2 D^) Limit 134732

5d

9 6s2

(2 D2H)18p 18p' 2 P° 1 119119

February 1955. Hg i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 +

Observed Terms

5d10 6s2 6s2

5d10 6p2 6p2 sp

ns (n> 7) np (n>6)

5d10 6s(2 S)na; / 7 to 25s 3 S

1 7 to 21s »S 6 to 26p 3 P°

6 to 19p 2 P°

5d9 fis^D)^'

{

6 to 17p' 3 P°

6 to 18p' 1 P°

6 to 10p' 3 D°

6p' 1 D°

6p' *F°

nd (n>6) nf (n>5)

5d10 6s(2S)nx {

6 to 29d 3 D

6 to 21d »D

5 to 15/ *F°

5 to 13/ »F°

5d9 Os^D)^'

{

5 to 9/' 3 P°

5 to 8/' *P°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Hg i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.

255759—58—16
196

Hg II (Au i sequence; 79 electrons) Z=80

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4cP 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s 2S0^

6s 2S0* 151280 K I. P. 18.751 volts

Although the doublet series having as a limit the term X S0 in Hg hi are well established

in Hg ii, the analysis needs to be revised and extended for terms from higher limits. In the

table, nearly all the series terms are from Paschen, who revised and extended the earlier work

by Carroll and others. In addition, he found the 6s2 2D term and the levels labeled Z, Y,

U, X, C, B, and A in the left column of the table, headed “Author”. McLennan, McLay,

and Crawford extended the analysis in 1931 and added the levels that are designated by numerals in this column. Naude (1929) suggested a slight improvement in Paschen’s 9

2D term value,

and added the series terms labeled 10 2D2>3 , 12 2D2 , 13 2D2 , and 9

2F3 in Paschen’s notation. He

also published a number of quartet terms, most of which are included among the miscellaneous

numbered levels. Three levels 76924, 77041, 91064, and one above the ionization limit have

been omitted here.

As suggested by Edl6n (letter, 1958), it has been assumed that the g- and A-orbits do not

penetrate, and that the lowest 2G term is 5g

2G.

There are approximately 300 classified lines in the interval 893.10 A to 10590 A, including

the infrared extension by Rasmussen, who added the 5g 2G term.

Paschen calls attention to the strong line observed in emission at 2814.93 A, whose designation is 6s 2Sq^— 6s2 2D2yr This line is “forbidden” in two senses, in that it is produced by the

transition between two “even” terms and also violates the J-rule.

As in Au i, the levels from the 5d

9 6s 6p configuration in Hg n exhibit characteristics of

^'-coupling. They have as limits the pairs 3D3>2 and Tb X D2 in Hg hi, which, in ^’-coupling

would be designated as d% 1 32 andd^s^hi, respectively. The completer-coupling notation

for the 23 levels to be expected from this configuration should indicate, also, the ^-values °f

the running p-electron (OK or IK). Further details regarding this notation may be found in

the text for Au i. By comparison with isoelectronic spectra, Trees and the writer have ex- tended the published configuration assignments in ^'-coupling, very tentatively, to include 19

levels in this group. A number of “odd” levels still remain unassigned pending further study

of the spectrum.

REFERENCES

F. Paschen, Akad. Wiss., Berlin (Phys.-Math. Kl.) Sitz. Parts 31-33, p. 536 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L)

(ED)

E. Rasmussen, Naturwiss. 12, 389 (1929). (T) (C L)

S. M. Naud6, Ann. der Phys. [5] 3, 1 (1929). (T) (C L) (G D)

J. C. McLennan, A. B. McLay and M. F. Crawford, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 134, 41 (1931). (T) (C L) B. Venkatesachar und T. S. Subbaraya, Zeit. Phys. 73, 412 (1931). (T) (C L) T. S. Subbaraya, Zeit. Phys. 78, 541 (1932). (T) (C L) R. Ricard, Compt. Rend. 194, 781 (1932). (T) (C L) R. F. Bacher and S. Goudsmit, Atomic Energy States, p. 235 (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York and

London, 1932).

S. Mrozowski, Phys. Rev. 61, 605 (1942). (T) (I S) (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge National Laboratory ORNL-1469, 60 (1953).

(Summary hfs). Hg II Hg II

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

IS 5d10

(

1 S)6s 6s 2 S 0% 0 5d$H 6s0^ 6po

2K 79704

•D,

•Dj

5d9 6s2 6s2 2 D 2^

IK

35514

50552 -15038 2§x

// 3% 84209

2P,

3 2* n 2K 84884

5d10 0S)6p 6p

2 P° om 61485 9123 2Pj IK 60608 IK // 86177
197

Hg II—Continued Hg II—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

52x 5d®x 6sox 6pix 4/2 925661 5D2 5d10 (

1S)8d 8d2 D IK 134562 136 5D3 2K 134698

6 lx

// 1 H 94091

33x 3K 135299

// 3/ 95186

5P, 5d OK 10 (

1 S)9p 9p 2 P° 135467 362 00 loo 2/ 95302 5P2 IK 135829

A 2K 136266

2S 5d10 (

1S)7s 7s 2 S 0/ 95714

42X 2)4 136712

9lx 5djjx 6sox 6pix 0/ 96185 5S 5d10(

1 S)10s 10s 2 S O/2 138434

IO2H

// 2/ 97094 6F4 5d10

(

1S)7/ 7/ 2 F° 3/ 138793 -19

6F3 2/ 138812

11 ° 5dJx 6sox 6 pox? m 100859

6 G 5d10 0S)6? 6g

2 G 3K, 4K 139042. 4

12 Ih n IK 103183

6D2 5d10 (

xS)9d 9d 2 D 1/2 139627 68 Z

// 2 po

0)4 103870 6D3 2/2 139695

14° // 2)4? 104036 6P1 5d10

(

x S) lOp lOp 2 P° 0/2 140128 201

6P2 1/2 140329

3D2 5d10 (

1 S)6d 6d

2 D 1)4 104983 560 3D3 2)4 105543 ^ 2X 2/2 140135

Y 2 po

1)4 106086 6S 5dx0 (

x S)lls 11s 2 S 0/2 141914. 5

16° 3)4 106213 7F4 5d10

(

x S)8/ 8/2 F° 3/2 142127. 3 -3. 4 7FS 2/2 142130. 7 U 5d?x bsox bpix 2 po

0/2 106293

7G 5dx0

(

x S) 7g 7g

2 G 3K, 4/2 142293. 4

5dJx bsox bpix 0/2 106612

7D2 5d 1/2 x0 (

x S)10d lOd 2 D 142660 150

1/2 106714 7D3 2K 142709. 5 3Pi Sd^S^p 7p

2 P° 0/ 108298 3672 7Pi 5dx°(x S)llp lip 2 P° OK 142959 158 3P2 1/2 111970 7P2 1/2 143117

20§x 3/ 108974 7S 5d10 (

x S)12s 12s 2 S OK 144150

X 5dfx 6sox 6pix 2 po IK 109189 8F3 5d10

(

1 S)9/ 9/ 2 F° 2/2 144289 1 8F4 3/ 144290

22ix

4P?/3

5d^x bsox bpix 1)4 110603

8G 5dx0

(

x S)8? 8? 2 G 3K, 4/2 144401. 7 3/ 110846

8D2 5d10

(

x S)lld lid 2 D IK 144653. 2

26. 4

23§x 5d?x 6sox bpiH 3/ 111172 8D3 2/2 144679. 6

4 Dia 2/ 116200 4B 3h 0)4 144910

4 D£a IK 117339 9F4 5d10

(

1 S)10/ 10/ 2 F° 3)4 145768 _ 1 9F3 2K 145769

4 D*h 0)4 119447

9G 5d10 (

x S)9? 9g

2 G 3K, 4/ 145847. 35

3S 5d10

(

1 S)8s 8s 2 S OK 121416

9H 5d'°(}S)9h 9h

2 H° 4K, 5/ 145849

C

2po

2/2 121960

9D2 5d10

(

1 S)12d 12d 2 D IK 146025. 6 27 B IK 122186 9D3 2K 146053

4F4 5d10

(

1 S)5/ of 2 F° 3/ 123152 -257 3>S/a 2/ 146647

4F3 2K 123409

10G 5dl0 (}S)10g lOg 2 G 3/2, 4/2 146880. 4 4D2 Sd^pS^d 7d 2 D 1/2 125324 254 4D3 2/2 125578 10H 5d10 (

1 S) lOh 10h

2 H° 4K, 5/ 146882

4Pi

4Pa 5d10 (

1 S)8p 8p 2 P° OK

IK

126942

127795 853

lODo

IOD 3 5d10

(

1 S)13d 13d 2 D IK

2/

147014

147035

21

4S

11G 5d10 (

x S)ll3 11? 2 G 3/2, 4/ 147645. 0 5d10 0S)9s 9s 2 S OK 132559 12D2 5dx0

(

x S)15d 15d 2 D iK 148311

4Df/2 3K 132714 2)4 5F4 13D 2 5d10 (

1 S) 16d 16d 2 D IK 148743

5d10 (

1 S)6/ 6/ 2 F° 3/ 133267. 5 -82 2/

5F3 2K 133350

5G 5d10

(

1 S)5g 5? 2 G 3K, 4K 133653 Hg 111 OS0) Limit 151280

February 1958.
198

Hg III

(Pt i sequence; 78 electrons) Z=80

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

9 3 d10 4s2 4p6 4c?10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d

10

S0

5d10 % 276000 ±K I. P. 34.2 volts

Foster has revised the earlier work on this spectrum by Johns and others, added 13 new

levels, and published a list of 99 classified lines between 610.46 A and 8151.64 A. The energy

levels in the table are quoted from his paper. He has reobserved the spectrum from 2240 A

to 10000 A, by means of an electrodeless discharge, and utilized measurements by others in the

short-wave region for transitions between terms otherwise well established. His interpretation

is supported by observations of isotope shifts. Johns has published a list of nearly 500 classified lines between 570.91 A and 8451.1 A,

attributed to Hg hi, and 41 levels not reported by Foster. Most of the additional levels are assigned to the 5d9 6,7d; 5d9 8s; 5d9 7p; and 5d9 5/ configurations. This more extensive list needs further confirmation because some of the lines may not belong to the Hg hi spectrum.

Nevertheless, “a large part of the analysis as presented by Johns is confirmed . . ..” The spectra of the Pt i isoelectronic sequence are of special theoretical interest because they

approach jj-coupling rather than X$-coupling. This appears more conspicuously in the spectra

of higher ionization especially among the levels from the 5d9

(

2D)6p configuration. A detailed

study of “The Four Vector Problem and Its Application to Energies and Intensities in Platinum-like Spectra” has been made by Goble. In AS'-coupling this configuration gives rise to the terms 1,3 (P0D0F°). In jj-coupling the same number of energy levels and the same re- sultant ./-values occur, but each level is defined by twoj-values, one for the /-electron (1 % or 2 K),

and one for the p-electron (OK or IK). The j-values for the d- and p-electrons, as required for

jj-coupling, are indicated in the configuration column, the former being the same as the J-values

of the limit term 2D.

In the table the writer has arranged the levels in numerical order and retained in the left column the arbitrary numbers used by the authors to designate the various levels. She has

assigned ZS'-designations in the case of the 1,3D terms from the 5d9

(

2D)ns configuration, al- though the ^‘-coupling applies here also. Foster adopts ^'-coupling notation for the levels having the configuration 5d

& 6s2

, assigning

the first group of three levels (J=4, 2, 0) to “5c^/2 5/2 6s2 ”, the next group of four (J= 3, 2, 1, 4)

to “5<48

/2 . 3/2 6s2 ”, and the last group of two (J= 2, 0) to “5c^/2 3/2 6s2 ”. A table giving the

transformation from jj- to .LS-coupling may be found in the book by Condon and Shortley,

p. 294.

Johns states that the limit is approximately 276000, which is quoted here. Mack and

Fromer derive the value 34.3 ±0.3 from a Moseley diagram for the sequence. In making the

diagram they used a Rydberg formula for the first two members of the 5d9

(2D2yi ')ns series,

J=3, and applied the same Ritz correction as for the Au i-like spectrum of the same stage of

ionization.

REFERENCES

A. T. Goble, Phys. Rev. 48, 346 (1935).

J. E. Mack and M. Fromer, Phys. Rev. 48, 357 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. W. Johns, Canadian J. Research [A] 15, 193 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L) (I S)

S. Mrozowski, Phys. Rev. 61, 605 (1942). (I S) E. W. Foster, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 200, 429 (1950). (T) (C L) (I S) E. W. Foster, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 208, 367 (1951). (hfs) E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra, p. 294 (Cambridge University Press, London,

1951). K. Murakawa, Phys. Rev. 93, 1232 (1954). (hfs)
199

Hg III Hg III

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

lo 5d10 5<210 J S 0 0. 0 51! 5<i8 6s 6p 1 158835. 8

2g 5d9 (

2 D2H)6s 6s 2 D 3 42850. 3 140 5d8 6s2 6s2 J S 0 158909. 0

32 5d9 (

2 D2H)6s 6s 3 D 2 46029. 5 521 5d

8 6s 6p 2 159861. 4 4, 5d9 (

2 Dw)6s 6s 3 D 1 58405. 8 531 5d

8 6s 6p 3 160015. 7

5 a 5d9 (

2 D1H)6s 6s J D 2 61085. 7 54! 5d

8 6s 6p 1 160170. 0

64 5d8 6s2 6s2 3 F 4 97893. 8 231 5d8 6s 6p 2 160789. 8

I2 5d9 (

2 D2*)6p0* 2 108549. 4 55! 5d

8 6s 6p 1 160920. 9

2? 5d9 (

2 D2*)6p0H 3 105627. 8 24? 5d

8 6s 6p 4 161282. 21 72 5da 6s2 2 106027. 5 251 5d

8 6s 6p

2 161431. 4

9s 5d8 6s2 3 112226. 0 26? 5

d

8 6s 6p 3 161461. 2

51 5d9 (

2 D2H)6Pw 4 117994- 5 27? 5d

8 6s 6p 4 162155. 01

35 5d9 (

2 D2H)6piH 2 118548. 0 28? 5d

a 6s 6p

2 162972. 2

4! 5d9

(

2 D1H)6poH 1 118607. 4 29? 5

d

8 6s 6p 4 163451. 4

11 2 5d8 6s2 2 118926. 5 56! 5

d

8 6s 6p 1 163818. 2

62 5^9 (

2 D1H)6p0>i 2 120927. 8 30? 5 d

8 6s 6 p

2 164905. 8

7? 5d9 (

2 D2H)6pw 3 121602. 0 31? 5d

9 6s 6p 3 165004. 81

80 5d8 6s2 0 122601. 0 32? 5d

8 6s 6p 3 166179. 4

10i 5d8 6s2 1 122734. 9 33? 5d

8 6s 6p 2 166811. 1

12* 5d8 6s2 4 126468. 3 34? 5 d

8 6s 6p 3 167580. 3

8! 5d9

(

2 D2M)6pm 1 126556. 3 35? 5d8 6s 6p 3 169063. 0

95 5d9 (

2 Dm)6Pl* 0 130702. 4 36? 5 d

8 6s 6p 3 169666. 8

13 2 5d8 6s2 2 133731. 5 37? 5

d

8 6s 6p 3 171866. 71

101 5d9 (

2 Dw)6p^ 3 134588. 0 57? 5

d

8 6s 6p 3 171700. 6

Hi 5d9 (

2 D1M)6pw 1 134998. 7 38? 5

d

8 6s 6p 2 178968. 5

121 5d9 (

2 Di^)6pi^ 2 136479. 0 39? 5d

8 6s 6p 2 175512. 0

47f 5rf8 6s 6p 1 147142. 4 40? 5d8 6s 6 p 2 177281. 0

48l 5d8 6s 6p 3 148426. 0 15 3 5d9

(

2 D2^)7s 3 178428. 2

13§ 5

d

8 6s 6p 3 149717. 8 16 2 5d9 (

2 D^)7s 2 179039. 1

141 5d8 6s 6p 4 150276. 0? 41? 5d

8 6s 6p 2 180246. 8

15! 5d8 6s 6p 1 150278. 7 42? 5d

8 6s 6p 3 183544 2

16! 5

d

8 6s 6p 1 150857. 0 43? 5

d

8 6s 6p 3 184698. 4

17! 5d8 6s 6 p 1 151997. 5 44? 5

d

8 6s 6

p

3 187028. 5

181 5d8 6s 6p 2 158254- 6? 27! 5d9 (

2 Di H)7s 1 194078. 6

191 5d8 6s 6p 3 154213. 9 282 5<2

9

(2 D1h) 7s 2 194476. 0

491 5d

8 6s 6p 3 154717. 9 45? 5d

8 6s 6p 2 194904.

0

201 5

d

8 6s 6

p

3 155796. 1 46? 5d

8 6s 6p 2 196377. 9

21

1

5d8 6s 6p 3 156580. 0

501 5d8 6s 6p 2 157877. 2 Her TvCDoiA Limit 276000

221 5d

8 6s 6p 2 158204. 9

September 1954.
200

Hg iv

(Ir i sequence; 77 electrons) Z=80

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d

9 2D2^

2D2^ K I. P. volts

The spectrum needs further study. By analogy with related spectra the ground level of

Hg iv is predicted with certainty to be 5d

9 2D2^, as has been pointed out by Edlen. The analysis

is from Subbaraya, who has classified about 200 lines between 938 A and 7517 A from wavelength measurements by Caroll, Bloch, Dejardin, and Kicard. A homogeneous line list containing accurate wavelengths is needed to confirm and extend the present work, since the limit

of tolerance within the multiplets is inexcusably large.

No series are known. The doublet and quartet terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

T. S. Subbaraya, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. [A] 1, 39 (1935). (T) (C L) B. Edl6n, letter (February 1958).
201

Hg iv Hg IV

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval]

14

9

5d8 (

3F)6s 6s 4 F 4/

3/

2/z

0

7557

12084

-7557

-4527

-3354

3°4°

3 y2

3 y

74702

75388

10 1 H 15438

6° 2y2 75772

2 5d

9 5d» 2 D 2H 2192 -8184

7 1/2 10376 7° 3/2 77045

3 5d

1 6s* 6s2 4 F 4y2 5653 -2244

-1579

-1116

8° 3 y2 78556

5

68

3 H

2/2 7897

9476

10592

10° 3h 79919

11 5d8 (

3 P)6s 6s' 4 P 2/ 21011 -2259

-1294

13°

18° 5d8 (

3 F)6p 6p 4 D° 3y2 2%

85056

88216

-3160

-1297

-814 12 1% 23270 19° 1/2 89513

14 0y2 24564 20° oy2 90327

13 5

d

8 6s2 6s2 4 P 2 Yt 24054 -947

-801

14° 2h 85091

15

16

1/2 oy2 25001

25802 15° 3/ 86380

17 4^ 42131 16° 1 ft 2

H

87185

18 2ft 3# 44599 21° 2/ 91752

19 3/ 53342 23° ift 2y2 101826

20 3^ 55664 24° 2/ 102255

21 2% 57122 25° 2/ 102353

22 3 H 57270 26° 1/2, 2/ 106210

23 3 / 59490 27° 2/ 106385

1° 5ds (

3 F)6p 6p 4 F° 4H 70567 -5088

-4033

-3196

28° 1H 106748

5°9°

3/2 2K

75655

79688 29° lft 2/2 108798

12° 82884

30° 2/ 113648

2° 5d8

(3F)6p 6p

4 G° 5J4 74419 -6620

-6786

-4412

11° 4/2 81039 31° 2/ 11 4508

17° 22°

3 H

2/2 87825

92237

February 1958.

Hg iv Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p8 4dl ° 4/ 14 5s2 5p8 -{- Observed Terms

5d» 5d92 D

5

d

7 6s2 6s2 4 P 6s2 4 F

ns (n> 6) np (n> 6)

5d8

(

3F)ru; 6s 4 F 6p 4 D° 6p 4 F° 6p 4 G°

5d8

(

3 P)na;' 6

s' 4 P

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ir i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.
THALLIUM

Til

81 electrons Z=81

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

& 3d10 4s

2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5pQ 5d10 6s2 6p 2Po^

6p

2Po°h 49264.2 K I. P. 6.106 volts

The analysis is chiefly from Fowler and Paschen-Gotze, but some terms have been added

from later papers. Meggers and Murphy have observed T1 1 in the near infrared and added

the terms 7, 8/ 2F°. Beutler and Demeter have observed in absorption, ultraviolet combinations with the ground state giving the terms ns 2 S (n =8 to 20) and nd 2D (n —6 to 23), thus

extending the former series by one member, and the latter by five. For the 2D series they have

observed only the level with J—V/2) but for n^>12 these terms are listed in the table as unresolved. They give, also, the levels 4P0^,i^,

2 D1H , and 2P0^ from the 6p2 configuration. Clearman has measured 13 T1 1 lines, adding the component 6p

2 4 P2^ and the levels labeled 2° and 3°

in the table.

The writer has utilized the later observations to improve as many values of the T1 1 energy

levels as possible. For levels above the ionization limit, rounded off values are tabulated.

Beutler and Demeter list, also, 9 lines observed between 651.42 A and 891 A (153510 K

and 112250 K, respectively). They suggest that these lines are probably due to the transitions

involving configurations 5d10 6s2 Qp0^-5dQ 6s2 Gp^ np (or possibly nf).

There are approximately 160 classified lines extending from 651 A to 51057 A, including a number of forbidden combinations. The observations by various authors do not yield

precise term values even though the analysis is essentially complete. The spectrum exhibits

hyperfine structure and isotope shift, and several papers deal with Paschen-Back effect and the

Zeeman effect of hyperfine structure. Only a limited number of references to these topics is included below. Back and Wulff report the hyperfine structure separation of the ground

level as 0.708K.

The series are long and well established. The limit quoted here is from Fowler. Beutler

and Demeter state that the term 10s 2S is perturbed because its combination with the ground

state is affected by a neighboring line classified as 6p 2Poh~ 6p2 4Poj^- This is based on their

study of the series fitted to a Rydberg-Ritz formula.

REFERENCES

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektrun, p. 132 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (I P) (T)

(C L)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 160 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

T. Takamine and M. Fukuda, Jap. J. Phys. 2, 111 (1923). (C L)

E. Back und J. Wulff, Zeit. Phys. 66, 31 (1930). (Z E) (hfs)

J. Wulff, Zeit. Phys. 69, 70 (1931). (Z E) (hfs) H. Schuler und J. E. Keyston, Naturwiss. 19, 320 (1931). (I S) H. Beutler und W. Demeter, Zeit. Phys. 91, 143, 202, 218 (1934). (T) (C L)

J. Okubo and S. Sato, Zeeman Verhandelingen p. 253 (Martimus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1935) ; Sci. Reports

Tohoku Imp. Univ. [1] 25, 141 (1936). (Z E) (hfs) (I S) H. E. Clearman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 373 (1952). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and R. J. Murphy, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 48, 334, RP 2320 (1952). (I P) (T) (C L) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, 61 (1953). (Summary hfs)
203

T1 1 T1 1

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6s2 0S)6p 6p 2 P° ok

1H 0. 0

7792. 7

7792. 7

6s2 OS) 13s 13s 2 S OK 47654. 7

6s2 OS) 7s 7s 2 S oy2 26477. 5

6s2 0S)13p 13p 2 P° OK, 1/2 47547. 7

ok

6s2 OS)1 2d 12d 2 D 1 /2, 2K

47876. 0

6s2 0S)7p 7p 2 P° 34159. 9

1001. 2 i/2 35161. 1 6s2 OS) 14s 14s 2 S OK 47983. 2

6s2 0S)6d 6d 2 D IK 36117. 9

82. 0

6s2 OS) 14p 14p 2 P° 0/2, IK 4S12S. 6 2K 36199. 9

6s2 OS) 13d 13d 2 D IK, 2K 48142. 3

6s2 OS) 8s 8s 2 S OK 38745. 9

15s 2 6s S 48223. 2 2 OS) 15s OK

6s2 0S)8p 8p 2 P° ok 41368. 1 372. 7 IK 41740. 8 6s2 OS) 15p 15p 2 P° OK, IK 48331. 2

6s2 0S)7d 7d 2 D IK 42011. 4

37. 6

6s2 0S)14d 14d 2 D IK, 2K 48339. 3 2K 42049. 0

6s2 OS) 16s 16s 2 S OK 48399. 5

6s2 OS) 5/ 5/ 2 F° 2/2 , 3K 42318. 4

6s2 OS) 9s 9s 2 S OK

6s*0S)16p 16p 2 P° OK, 1/2 48459. 5

43166. 2 OK

6s2 0S)15d 15d 2 D IK, 2K 48488. 6

6s2 0S)9p 9p 2 P° 44380. 9

181. 6

1/2 44562. 5 6s2 OS) 17s 17s 2 S OK 48534. 8

6s2 0S)8d 8d 2 D IK

2/2 44672. 6 44692. 7

20. 1 6s2 0S)16d 16d 2 D IK, 2K 48604. 0

6s2 OS) 18s 18s 2 S OK 48639. 0

6s2 OS) 6/ 6/ 2 F° 2K, 3K 44823. 5

6s2 OS) 17d 17d 2 D IK, 2K 48696. 5

6s 6p2 6p2 4 P OK 45220 4580

3250 1/ 49800 6s2 OS) 19s 19s 2 S OK 48726. 2

2/2 53050

6s*0S)18d 18d 2 D IK, 2K 48770. 5

6s2 OS) 10s 10s 2 S ok 45296. 8 20s 6s 2S 48796. 2 2 OS) 20s OK

6s2 OS) lOp lOp 2 P° OK 45939. 3

104. 3 IK 46048. 6 6s2 OS) 19d 19d 2 D IK, 2/2 48828. 6

6s2 OS) 9d 9d 2 D 1 / 46098. 5

11. 8

6s2 0S)20d 20d 2 D IK, 2K 48878. 2 2K 46110. 3

6s2 OS) 2 Id 2 Id 2 D IK, 2K 48920. 6

6s2 OS) 7/ 7f

2jr° 2K, 3K

46185. 3

6s2 0S)22d 22d 2 D IK, 2K 48957. 7

6s2 OS) Us 11s 2 S OK 46456. 9

6s2 OS) 23d 23d 2 D IK, 2K 48988. 8

6s2 OS) lip lip 2 P° OK

1/2 IK

46853. 8

46917. 1 46949. 9

63. 3

6s2 OS) lOd lOd 2 D 8. 1 T1 11 OS0) Limit 49264. 2 2K 46958. 0

6s 6p2 6p2 2 D IK 62000

6s2 OS) 8/ 8/ 2 F° 2K, 3K 47004. 6 2K

6s2 OS) 12s 12s 2 S 0/2 47178. 9 6s 6p2 6p2 2 P OK 67150

IK

6s2 OS) 12p 12p 2 P° 0/2 47443. 6

34. 8

1/2 47477. 4 6s 6p (3P) 7s 2° 75970

6s2 OS) lid lid 2 D 1/2 47499. 8

4. 3?

3° IK 96740

2/2 47504. 1

January 1955.
204

T1 1 Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p

6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p

6 5d10 +

Observed Terms

6s2 0S)6p 6p

2 P°

6s 6p2 f 6p2 4 P

\ 6p

2 2 P 6p2 2 D

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7) nd (

> 6) nf (n> 5)

6s2

(

1 S)n^r 7 to 20s 2 S 7 to 16p 2P° 6 to 23d 2 D 5 to 8/ 2 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the T1 1 isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

TI II

(Hg i sequence ; 80 electrons) Z=81

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s

2 4

p

6 4

10 4/14 5s2 5jp

6 510 6s2 x So

6s2 !S0 164765±5 K I. P. 20.42 volts

Ellis and Sawyer have revised the early work on Tl n and almost doubled the number of

classified lines by observing the spectrum with a hollow cathode source, from 639.08 A to 9254 A.

The total number of classified lines is 247.

Hyperfine structure affects many of the lines and has been resolved by various investigators,

including Smith, McLennan and Crawford, and others.

The Zeeman and Paschen-Back effects have also been observed for a few selected lines. Perturbations in the series are discussed by Ellis and Sawyer. They derive the limit quoted

above from the ns 3S and nd 3D series, n=7 to 12 and 6 to 11, respectively. A plot of the

quantum defects for each of the series shows that they are unperturbed, according to these

authors.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

Stanley Smith, Phys. Rev. 35, 235 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs)

J. C. McLennan and A. M. I. A. W. Durnford, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 129, 48 (1930). (Z E)

J. C. McLennan and M. F. Crawford, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 132, 10 (1931). (T) (C L) (hfs) A. M. Crooker, Phil. Mag. [7] 16, 994 (1933). (Z E)

Tl II Tl II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d10 6s2 6s2 J S 0 0 5d10 6s(2S)6d 6d

3 D 1 116147 283

396 2 116430

5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p

3 P° 0 49451 2942

3 116826

12 52398

61725 9332 5d10 6

p

2 6p2 3p 0

12

117408

125338

128817

7930

3479

5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p 1 P° 1 75660

5d10 6s(2S)7p 7p

3 P° 0 119361 215

5d10 6s(2S)7s 7s 8S 1 105225 12

119576

122029 2453

5d10 6s(2 S)7s 7s »S 0 107996 5d10 6s(2 S)7p 7p

1 P° 1 122379

5d9 6s2

(

2D)6p 1° 2 110387 5d» 6s2

(

2D)6p 4° 2 125437

5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6d l D 2 115160 5d9 6s2

(

2 D)6p 5° 1 126204
205

T1 ii—

C

ontinued T1 ii—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d° 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6° 3 128668 5d10 6s(2 S)9p 9p 3 P° 0

1 148349

5d9 6s2

(

2 D)6p 7° 2 129168 2 148825 47 O

5d10 6s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 133568 5d10 6s(2 S)8d 8d X D 2 148465

5d10 6s(2 S)8s 8s 3S 0 134292 5d10 6s(2 S)9p 9p iP° 1 1 49068

5d

9 6s2

(

2 D)6p 8° 1 184862 5

d

10 6s(2S)10s 10s 3S 1 151568

5 6s(2S)5/ 5/ *F° 2 136216 101 5d10 6s(2 S)7/ 7f

3 F° 2 152104

3 136115 iif; 3,4 152110 0 4 186230

5d10 6s(2 S)7/ 7f

1 F° 3 152140

5d10 6s(2S)5/ 5f *F0 3 136268

5d10 6s (

2 S) 6^ 6^i-3 G 3, 4,5 152470

5d10 6s(2S)7d 7d »D 2 136891

5d10 6s(2S)9d 9d 3 D 1 152819

5d10 6s(2S)7d 7d

8 D 1 137927 ioa 2 152847 Jo

2 138053 1 3 152906 oy

3 138203

5d10 6s(2 S)9d 9d iD 2 153200

5d10 6s(2S)8p 8p 8 P° 0

1 189865 939 5d10 6s(2 S) lOp lOp 3 P° 0

2 140304 12 1535307

5d10 6s(2 S)8p 8p 3 P° 1 141000

5d10 6s(2 S)10p lOp 1 P° 1 1586837

5d10 6P2 6P3 !D 2 141982

5d10 6s(2 S)lls 11s 8S 1 155181

5d9 6s2

(

2 D)6p 10° 3 142781

5d10 6s(2 S)10d lOd 8 D 1 155963

5d9 6s2

(

2 D)6p 11° 1 I48612 2 155982 iy 3 156018 00

5d9 6s2 (

2 D)6p 12° 2 145092

5d10 6s (2S) lOd lOd iD 2 156177

5d10 6s(2S)9s 9s 8 S 1 145415

5d10 6s(2 S)llp lip »P° 1 1564757

5d10 6s(2 S)9s 9s 4 S 0 145591

5d10 6s(2 S)12s 12s 8 S 1 157481

5d10 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ 3 F° 4 146500 OA 3 146584 1 1 5d10 6s(2 S)lld lid 3 D 1 2 146523 2 158027?

3 158038? 11 5d10 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ »F° 3 14654S

5d10 6s(2 S)lld lid iD 2 158136?

5d10 6s(2 S)50 50i-8 G 3, 4,5 147065

5d10 6s(2 S)8d 8d 8 D 1 147602 sn 2 147652 T1 iii(3 Soh) Limit 164765 ±5

3 147747

December 1954. T1 ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

lsJ 2s3 2p9 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s3 4p® 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p®+

Observed Terms

6s2 iS

/

\ 6

p

2 »D

ns (n> 7) np (n>6) nd (n>6)

/ 7 to 12s 3 S 6 to lOp »P° 6 to lid 8 D

\ 7 to 9s iS 6 to lip »P0 6 to lid !D

nf (n > 5) ng (n> 5)

/ 5 to 7f »F°

\ 5 to 7f

J F° 5, 6g

li8 G

5d10 6s2

5d10 6

p

3

5d10 6s(2S)ru;

5d10 6s(2S)nx

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Hg i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
206

T1 in

(Aui sequence; 79 electrons) Z=81

Ground state ls2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3_p

6 3d10 4s2 4_p6 4d10 4/14 5$2 5p6 5d10 6s 2S0^

6s 2S0h 240600 K I. P. 29.8 volts

The terms in the table are from McLennan, McLay, and Crawford (1929), who extended

the work of Carroll. They list 22 classified lines between 1231.57 A and 5927.8 A and one

at 8001 A. The analysis is seriously incomplete. The inverted 2D term from 5

9 6s2

, whose

lower component should lie between 6p

2P° levels and whose interval is approximately 18000,

is not reported in this paper.

P. Pattabhiramayya and A. S. Rao include this term in the list of 2 doublet and 6 quartet

terms, which they report as an extension to the above analysis. Their work brings the total

of classified lines to 89, but their data are omitted here pending further confirmation. The

discrepancies within the multiplets between the observed and calculated wave numbers indicate that more precise wavelengths are needed to extend the analysis.

Crooker describes the Paschen-Back effect observed for X5362, 7s 2S0^

7p 2P°^. The

two 1930 papers by McLennan and his associates discuss the observed hyperfine structure

and the observed Zeeman effects of the hyperfine structure components. They include among

their classified lines one designation involving the level 5d9 6s2 2Dm and another involving the

level 5

9 6s 6p2I*%. The respective new levels from these two lines are approximately 84595

and 155851. More combinations are required to confirm them.

The limit derived from the first three members of the 2S series by means of a Hicks formula is 240300. The authors have increased this value by 300 to give an effective total

quantum number for 5g 2 G that is nearly hydrogenic, i. e., 4.995.

REFERENCES

J. C. McLennan, A. B. McLay, and M. F. Crawford, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 135, 50 (1929). (I P) (T)

(C L)

J. C. McLennan and E. J. Allin, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 129, 43 (1930). (hfs) P. Pattabhiramayya and A. S. Rao, Indian J. Phys. 5, 407 (1930). (T) (C L)

J. C. McLennan and A. M. I. A. W. Durnford, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 129, 48 (1930). (Z E) (hfs) G. Arvidsson, Nature 126, 565 (1930). (hfs) A. M. Crooker, Phil. Mag [7] 16, 994 (1933). (Z E)

T1 III T1 III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d10 0S)6s 6s 2 S oy 0 5d10

(

1 S)5/ 5/ 2 F° 3^2 2/

175593

176955

-1362

5d10 (

1 S)6p 6p 2 P° oy2 64157 14813

i y2 78970 5d10

(

1 S) 8s 8s 2 S oy2 183187

5d10 0S)7s 7s 2 S oy2 139209 5d10

(

1 S) 7d 7d 2 D i/

2/2 186356

186948 592

5di°0S)6d Qd 2 D 1/2 145355 1314 2/ 146669 5d10 (

1 S)5^ 5g 2 G 3Z, 4/ 201011

5d10

(

1 S) 7p 7v

2 P° oy2 157852 5682 i/ 168584

T1 ivpSo) Limit 240600

November 1954.
207

T1 IV

(Pt i sequence; 78 electrons) Z=81

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s

2 5p

8 5

d

10 XS0

5d10 X S0 409100 K I. P. 50.7 volts

The analysis is from Mack and Fromer, who have revised and extended the earlier work

of Rao and others. About 35 lines have been classified in the interval 531.260 A to 1974.6 A,

and most of the results are based on observations by Arvidsson.

The spectra of the Pti isoelectronic sequence are of special theoretical interest because

they approach ^'-coupling rather than LS- or JZ-coupling. This appears more conspicuously

in the spectra of higher ionization, especially among the levels from the 5d9 (

2D)6p configuration.

A detailed study of “The Four Vector Problem and Its Application to Energies and Intensities

in Platinum-like Spectra” has been made by Goble. In AS'-coupling this configuration gives

rise to the terms 1 ’ 3 (P°D°F°). In ^‘-coupling the same number of energy levels and the same

resultant J-values occur, but each level is defined by two ^'-values, one for the d-electron (1%

or 2K), and one for the ^-electron (OK or 1 K).

In the table the writer has assigned XS'-designations only in the case of the 1,3D terms from

the 5d9

(2D)ns configuration, although the ^‘-coupling applies here, also. The ^'-values for the

d- and p-electrons, as required for ^"-coupling, are indicated in the configuration column, the

former being the same as the J-values of the limit term 2D. A table giving the transformation

from jj- to XS'-couphng may be found in the book by Condon and Shortley, p. 294.

The limit has been calculated by the writer from the ionization potential given by Mack

and Fromer, which is obtained from a Moseley diagram for the sequence.

REFERENCES

G. Arvidsson, Nature 126, 565 (1930). (Ms)

A. T. Goble, Phys. Rev. 48, 346 (1935).

J. E. Mack and M. Fromer, Phys. Rev. 48, 357 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra p. 294 (Cambridge University Press, London,

1951).

T1 iv T1 iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d10 5d10 iS 0 0 5d9 (

2 D2H)6p1H 2 170334

5d9

(

2 D2H)6s

// 5d9 (

2 D1H)6s

6s 3 D 32

1

75052

78647

93676

-3595

-15029

5d9

(2 D2j$)6pi**

5d9 (

2 D)6p

3

1

172272

175290

5d9

(2 D1H)6s 6s *D 2 96727 5d9(

2 D1H)6pw 0 181083

5ds

(a D2^)6poM 2 147635 5d9(

2 D1H)6p1H 3 187667

5d9 (

2 D2^)6poH 3 149841 5d9

(2 D1H)6pIH 1 188233

5d*(2 D1H)6poH 2 166435 2 190144

5d9

(2 D)6p 1 167499

5d9

(2 D2^)6pi^ 4 167672 T1 v(2 D2H) Limit [409100 ±]

August 1954.
LEAD

Pbl

82 electrons Z=82

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d

10 4s2 4 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p2 3P0

6f

3P0 59821.0 ±0.5 K I. P. 7.415 volts

Gieseler and Grotrian have published the most extensive analysis of Pb i. Although

series have long been recognized, the spectrum has needed more thorough study. Consequently, Meggers has reobserved the Pb i spectrum from 2000 A to 11360.0 A, and from

1614.73 A to 2000 A utilized spectrograms furnished by Shenstone. With an electrodeless

ultra-high-frequency source he has measured some 355 lines in the interval 6560.77 A to longer waves. Of these, about 28 percent can be attributed to the known series. The analysis has been revised and extended by Meggers for inclusion here, and some

levels have been rearranged by the writer with the aid of the new observations in the long-wave

region. There are approximately 240 classified lines to date, and very few observed lines

between 1614 A and 6560 A remain unclassified. All level values have been revised on the

basis of the new observations. The limit quoted by Bacher and Goudsmit has been verified

by R. E. Trees by means of a Ritz formula applied to the nd 3D° series, n=6 to 20. Trees

points out that this series is the one least likely to be perturbed.

The F-series are based chiefly on the evidence afforded by the Rydberg denominators.

The ZS-designations require further confirmation. They are included only to enable the user

to identify the series for each J-value.

A number of tentative new levels that need further confirmation have been omitted from

the table. They may belong to the configurations 6p

3 or 6s 6p2 (*J?)nx'. Four lines observed

by Randall between 12564 A and 15316 A can be classified from the known terms. More

observations in the infrared beyond the photographic limit, are needed.

Numerous papers deal with the Zeeman effect, hyperfine structure, and intensities of

forbidden lines. Only a few references to these are listed here. The observed ^-values in the

table are quoted from Back.

The large interval of the ground term 2 P° in Pb n, 14081 K, results in a departure from

Z/S'-coupling in Pb i. Consequently, an arbitrary arrangement has been adopted in tabulating

the levels. Pairs of related levels are listed together, with Z/S-designations indicating the series.

REFERENCES

H. Gieseler und W. Grotrian, Zeit. Phys. 34, 374 (1925); 39, 377 (1926). (I P) (T) (C L) E. Back, Zeit. Phys. 37, 193 (1926); 43, 317 (1927). (Z E)

R. F. Bacher and S. Goudsmit, Atomic Energy States, p. 356 (McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.

and London, 1932). (T)

S. Mrozowski, Phys. Rev. 58, 1086 (1940). (hfs) F. A. Jenkins and S. Mrozowski, Phys. Rev. 59, 808 (1941); 60, 225 (1941). (Z E) (hfs) H. E. Clearman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 375 (1952). (C L)

P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, No. 2, 63 (1952). (Summary hfs) K. Murakawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 8, 382 (1953); 9, 876 (1954). (I S) (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab. ORNL-1469, Suppl. II 32 (1955).

(Summary hfs) R. E. Trees, unpublished material (May 1955). (I P)

W. F. Meggers, unpublished material (May 1955). (T) (C L)
209

Pb I Pb I

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

6s2 6p2 6p2 3p 0 0. 00 7R1Q ^ 0/0 6s2 6p(2 Pg>*)8d 8d 3D° 2 55084. 20 -74. 05

1 7819. 35

2831. 12 1. 501 1 55158. 25

2 10650. 47

21457. 90

1. 269

6s2 6p(*V°0H)6f 6/ ip 3 55352. 34

16. 24

6s

2 6

p

2 6p2 J D 2 1. 230 6/ 3 F 4 55368. 58

6s2 6

p

2 6p2 J S 0 29466. 81 0/0 6s2 6p(2Pg>*)9p 9p

3D 1 55360. 15

4. 12

2 55364. 27

6s2 6p(2 Pg>$)7s 7s 3 P° 0 84959. 90

327. 34 0/0

1 85287. 24 1. 349 6s2 6p(2 Pg^)6/ 6/ 3 F 2 55377. 52

108. 68

3 55486. 20

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)7p 7p

3 P 1 42918. 68 -1482. 24

0 44400. 92 6s2 6p(2 Pg^)10s 10s 3po 0 55706. 24 14. 28

1 55720. 52

6s2 6p(2 Pg>$)7p 7p

3 D 1 44675. 00

134. 41 2 44809. 41 6s2 6p(2 Pg^)9d 9d 3p° 2 56526. 60

74. 14

3 56600. 74

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)6d 6d 3 F° 2 45443. 26

885. 55 0. 796

3 46328. 81 1. 116 6s2 6p(2 Pg>*)9<2 9d 3D° 2 56563. 29 -41. 54

1 56604. 88

6s2 6p(2 Pg*$)6d 6d 3 D° 2 46060. 90 -7. 67 1. 247

1 46068. 57 0. 864 6s2 6p(2Pg^)7/ 7f ip 3 56730. 11

3. 11 7/ 3 F 4 56733. 22

6s2 6p(2 Pfo)7s 7s 3 P° 2 48188. 67 -1250. 90

1. 496

7s iP° 1 49439. 57 1. 131 6s2 6p(2 Pg*)7

/

7f

3 F 2 56743. 47

38. 96

3 56782. 43

6s2 6p(2 Pox)8s O 00 00 1 48686. 87 -39. 29 1. 304

0 48726. 16 0/0 6s2 6p(2 Pgj$)lls 11s 3p° 0 56935. 44 6. 82

1 56942. 26

6s2 6p(2 Pg>*)8p 8p 3P 1 51320. 53 -465. 37 0 51785. 90 6s2 6p(2 Pgj*)10p lOp 3P 10

57010. 11

6s2 6p(2 P6n)8p 8p

3D 1 51916. 80

27. 14 2 51943. 94 6s2 6p(2 Pfo)7p 7P

3 D 3 57371. 75

6s2 6p(2 Pg*)7d 7d 3F° 2 52101. 77

310. 5

6s2 6p(2 PgH)10d lOd 3p° 2 57424. 09

45. 31

3 52412. 8 3 57469. 40

6s2 6p(2 Pg*)7d 7d 3 D° 2 52811. 87 -188. 16

6s2 6p(2 Pg>$)10d lOd 3 D° 2 57444. 55 -26. 69

1 52499. 58 1 57471. 24

6s2 6p(2Pgj$)5/ 5/ 3 F 2 52850. 4 6s2 6p(2 Pg«)8/ 8/ ip 3 57552. 95

2. 18

3 8/ 3 F 4 57555. 13

6s2 6p(2Pg*)5/ 5/ iF 3 6s2 6p(2Pg*)8

/

8/ 3 F 2

5

f

3 F 4 52857. 81 3 57575. 83

6s2 6p(2 Pg>*)9s 9s 3 P° 0 53475. 42

35. 82 6s2 6p(2Pg*)12s 12s 3po 0 57684. 5

4. 2

1 53511. 24 1 57688. 78

6s2 6p(2 Pfo)9p 9p 3P 1 54929. 0

67. 7

6s2 6p(2 PgH)lld lid 3p° 2 57996. 01 ? 32. 59

0 54861. 29 3 58028. 60

6s2 6p(2Pg^)8d 8d 3 F° 2 65008. 34 139. 88 6s2 6p(2 PgH)ll</ lid 3 D° 2 58012. 141 -17. 88

3 55143. 22 1 58080. 02
210

Pb I—Continued Pb I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)9/ 9f iF 3 58086. 22

1. 64 6s2 6p(2 Pg*)17s 17s 3 P° 0

9/ 3 F 4 58087. 86 1 59080. 4

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)9/ 9/ 3F 2 6s2 6p(2Pg^)16d 16d 3 D° 2

3 58101. 28 1 59151. 8

6s2 6p(2 Pg*)13s 13s 3p° 0 6s2 6p(2 PgH)17d 17d 3 D° 2

1 58179. 8 1 59244- 9

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)12d 12d 3F° 2 6s2 6p(2 Pgj^)18d 18d 3 D° 2

3 58409. 44 ? 1 59320. 4

6s2 6p(2 Pg^) 12I2d 3D° 2 6s2 6p(2 Pg^)19d 19d 3 D° 2

1 58411. 29 1 59882. 1

6s2 6p(2 PgH)10

/

lOf iF 3 58451. 43?

1. 20 6s2 6p(2 Pfo)6d 6d 3P° 1 59427. 0? 10/ 3F 4 58452. 63

6s2 6p(2 Pgi/)20d 20d 3 D° 2

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)14s 14s 3p° 0 1 59482. 5

1 58517. 67

Pb n(2 Pg^) Limit 59821. 0

6s2 6p(2 PfH)6d 6d

3 D° 3 58518. 8

8s 6s 3 P° 2 62620. 9

2 6p(2 Pfo)8s

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)13d 13d 3 D° 2 8s ip° 1

1 58688. 4

6s2 6p(2 Pfo)8p 8v

3 D 3 65751. 51

6s2 6p(2 Pg*)ll/ Ilf iF 3 58712. 40

11/ 3 F 4 6s2 6p(2Pfo)7d 7d 3 P° 1 65871. 8?

6s2 6p(2 PgH)15s 15s 3p° 0 6s2 6p(2 Pfo)7d 7d 3 D° 3 66085. 1

1 58761. 0

9s 6s 3 P° 2 67481. 6 2 6p(2 Pi^)9s

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)14d 14d 3 D° 2 9s ip° 1

1 58882. 4

6s2 6p(2 Pi>$)8d 8d 3 P° 1 68925. 5

6s2 6p(2 Pg^)16s 16s 3p° 0

1 58941. 8 6s2 6p(2 Pfo)8d 8d

3 D° 3 69749. 8

6s2 6p(2 Pg*)15

15d 3 D° 2

1 59034. 8

Pb ii(*Pfc) Limit --- 73901

May 1955.

Pb i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p

s 4tfio 4fu 5s2 5p

6 5di°-f- Observed Terms

6s2 6p2 { 6p2 »S 6p2 3 P

6p2 X D

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7)

6s2 6p(2 P°)nx f 7 to 17s 3 P°

\ 7s iP° 7 to lOp 3P 7 to 9p 3 D

nd (n>6) nf (n > 5)

6s2 6p(2 P°)nz |6 to 8d 3 P° 6 to 20d 3 D° 6 to 1 2d 3 F° 5 to 10/ 3 F?

6 to 11/ »F?

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Pb I isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. iii, Introduction.
211

Pb II

(T1 1 sequence; 81 electrons) Z=82

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s

2 5p6 5

d

10 6s2 6p 2P^

Qp 2Poh 121243 K I. P. 15.028 volts

The analysis is from Earls and Sawyer, who have revised and extended the earlier work by

Fr. Gieseler and others. “The spectrum was photographed from 800 A to 10000 A.” Fourteen

lines, observed also by Arvidsson in the vacuum region, were utilized in the analysis and in the

determination of the limit. There are approximately 250 classified lines in the interval 840.25 A

to 9864.2 A.

The limits of the 2F° and 2 G series have been used to derive the ionization limit, which has an estimated error of 2 or 3 K. The 2S and 2D series show irregularities due to perturbations

caused by “intermingling levels from the 6s 6p

2 configuration.”

Green and Loring have observed the Zeeman effect of Pb n and published 15 ^-values

based on the analysis by Fr. Gieseler. Earls and Sawyer have used these Zeeman observations

to derive g-values for 10 “even” levels, by assuming the appropriate unperturbed theoretical

<7-values for the respective “odd” levels and applying the formulas of Shenstone and Blair for

unresolved patterns. The writer has derived the observed ^-values tabulated for both “even”

and “odd” levels from the same observations and formulas, without assuming theoretical

(/-values, but by adopting the revisions in analysis suggested by Earls and Sawyer.

REFERENCES

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 43, 459 (1933). (Z E)

J. L. Rose, Phys. Rev. 47, 122 (1935). (hfs) L. T. Earls and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 47, 115 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

K. Murakawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 8, 382 (1953). (I S) (hfs)

Pb II Pb II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

6s2 pS) 6p 6p

2 P° 0H 0

14081 6s2 pS)6/ 6/ 2F° sy2 102868 -13 1. 14

1 X 14081 1. 33 2y2 102881 0. 83

6s 6p

2 6p

2 4 P oy2 57911 8213

7781

6s2 pS) 8d 8d 2 D i y2 103394 796 0. 76?

ix 66124 1. 64 2y2 104190 1. 21

2y2 73905 1. 52

6s2 pS)5<? 5g

2 G 3y2 , 4

y

2 103559

6s2 pS)7s 7s 2 S oy2 59448 2. 01

6s 6p2 6p

2 2 S oy2 104297

6s2 pS) 6d 6d 2 D 2y2 68964 -776 1. 29

i X 69740 0. 81 6s2 pS)9p 9p

2 P° oy2 i X

104422

105020 598

6s2 pS)7p 7p

2 P° oy2 74459 2813 0. 60

10s i X 77272 1. 33 6s2 pS)10s 2 S oy2 107930

6s 6p2 6p

2 2 D IX 83083 5889 6s2 pS)7/ 7f

2jr° 3H 108529 -9

2/ 88972 2y2 108538

6s 6p

2 6p

2 2P oy2 88248 16421 6s

2 pS) 6<7 6g

2 G 3X, 4K 108968

1 X 104669

6s2 pS)9d 9d 2 D IX 109257 79

6s2 pS)8s 8s 2 S oy2 89180 2/2 109336

6s2 pS)5/ 5f

2 F° 3y2 92514 -15 1. 11 6s2 pS)10p 10p 2 P° oy2 109500 351 2y2 92529 0. 84 1/2 109851

6s2 pS)7d 7d

2 D IX

2y2 94284

95304 1020 0. 80

1. 18 6s2 pS)lls 11s 2S o/2 111574

6s2 pS) 8p 8p

2 P° oy2 l X

95077

96238 1161

6s2 pS)8/ 8/ 2 F° 3/2 2/

111940

111946

-6

6s2 pS)9s 9s 2S oy2 101346 1. 96 6s2 pS) 7g 7g

2 G 3x, 4/2 112230
212

Pb II—Continued Pb II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. 0 Config. Desig. J JLevel Interval

6s2 (

1 S)10d lOd 2 D IK 112409 58 6s2 OS) 12/ 12/ 2 F° 3 K 117520 _ 9 2/2 112467 2K 117522

6s

2 OS) lip lip 2 P° ok 112578 222 6s

2 OS)ll0 110 2 G 3K, 4K 117600

ik 112800

6s2 0S)14d 14d 2 D IK 117650

16 6s

2 OS) 12s 12s 2 S 0y2 113912 2K 117666

6s

2 OS) 9/ 9/ 2 F° 3y2 114U5 6s

2 OS) 13/ 13/ 2 F° 3K 118121 1 2k 114150 2K 118122

6s

2 OS) % 8g2 G 3K, 4

114346 6s

2 OS) 120 120 2 G 3K, 4K 118183

6s

2 OS) lid lid 2 D IK 114466 41 6s2 0S)15d 15d 2D IK 118223

12 2y2 114507 2K 118235

6s2 0S)12p 12p 2 P° oy2 114585 150 6s

2 OS) 14/ 14/ 2 F° 3K 118588

1/2 114735 2K

6s

2 OS) 13s 13s 2 S oy2 115496 6s

2 OS) 130 130 2 G 3K, 4^ 118637

6s

2 OS) 10/ 10/ 2 F° 3 y 115653 A 6s2 0S)16d 16d 2D IK 118668

11 2y2 115657 2K 118679

6s2 0S)9£ 9g

2 G 3y2, 4y2 115797 6s

2 OS) 140 140 2 G 3K, 4K 118996

6s

2 OS) 1 2d 12d 2 D IK 115885 27 6s2 0S)17d 17d 2 D IK 119022 Q

2K 115912 2K 119031 y

6s2 0S)13p 13p 2 P° oy2 1/2 115967

116072 105 6s

2 OS) 150 150 2 G 119286

6s2

(

1 S)18d 18d 2 D IK

6s

2 OS) 14s 14s 2 S oy2 116615 2K 119315

6s

2 OS) 11/ 11/ 2 F° 3 y2 116728 0 6s2 0S)19d 19d 2 D IK

2K 116730 2K 119548

6s

2 OS) 10^

6s

2 OS) 13d

100 2 G

13d 2 D

3}l 4

IK

2K

116833

116899

21 Pb 111 OS0) Limit 121243

116920

6s2 0S)14p 14p 2 P° OK 116958

IK »

January 1955.

Pb ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 5dl0 +

Observed Terms

6s

2 (

1 S) 6p 6p

2 P°

6s 6p

2 /

6p

2 <P

l 6p

2

S 6p

2 2P 6p2 2 D

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7) nd (n> 6) nf (n> 5) ng (n>5)

6s2 0S)?i£

L_

7 to 14s 2 S 7 to 14p 2 P° 6 to 19d 2 D 5 to 14/ 2F° 5 to 150 2 G

For predicted terms in the spectra of the T1 1 isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
213

Pb in

(Hg i sequence; 80 electrons) Z=82

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p

8 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4

4

d

10 4/

14 5s2 5p* 5d

10 6s2

6s

2 X S0 257592±5K I. P. 31.93 volts

The configuration-interaction in the Pb in spectrum has been studied in great detail by

Hume, Crawford, McLay, and Crooker. Wave functions of 52 levels have been determined

in terms of the (LS) functions, and the configuration-perturbation parameters evaluated by

fitting the calculated to the observed level values. Hume and Crawford give most of the

details in their 1951 paper. The data in the table are, however, from an unpublished manuscript furnished by Crawford for inclusion here. The observed gr-values are from Green and

Loring.

The earlier papers by Stanley Smith, Crooker, and Rao and Narayan contain over 100

classified lines in the interval 995.75 A to 5857.96 A. About 400 lines are reported as classified,

however.

The limit has been calculated from the 6s nh sequence. The authors comment that the

fine structure of the H-terms has not been resolved, but lines of G-H° multiplets are diffuse,

indicating small intervals for the H-terms.

Both hyperfine structure and isotope shift affect the values of the observed energy levels. When an isotope shift is given for a level in the 1951 paper, the adopted value is the mean

of the value for Pb206 and Pb208

. In the table the levels are listed in order of increasing values. No attempt has been

made to group them into their respective terms, because in many cases more than one designation is involved for a given level. On account of perturbations, iS'-coupling notation does

not apply throughout. For a number of levels the dominant contributor as given by Hume

and Crawford is entered in the “Desig.” column. The writer has made tentative designation

assignments for 6p" 3Fg, 5/ 1 , 3F|,6p" 3D3 , 5 , 6 , 7,80 1 , 3 G4,6,7,8,9A 1 , 3H°, and 7s'

l,3P°. The authors

give configurations for these levels, but have not calculated the wave functions.

REFERENCES

Stanley Smith, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 14, 878 (1928). (C L)

Stanley Smith, Phys. Rev. 36, 1 (1930). (T) (C L)

A. S. Rao and A. L. Narayan, Zeit. Phys. 59, 687 (1930). (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 43, 459 (1933). (Z E) (C L)

A. M. Crooker, Canadian J. Research A 14, 115 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) (I S)

J. N. P. Hume and M. F. Crawford, Phys. Rev. 84, 486 (1951) and unpublished material (1951). (I P) (T)

(hfs) (I S) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, 62 (1953).

(Summary hfs)

Pb m Pb in

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g

lo 5d10 6s2 6s2 iS 0 0 3i 5d10 6s(2 S)7s 7s ®S 1 150083. 7 1. 98

15 5dTM 6s(2 S)6p 6p 3po 0 60397 4 2 5d10 6s (

2 S) Qd 6d iD 2 151884 5 1. 06

2! 5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p

jpo 1 64391 50 5d«> 6s(2 S)7s 7s iS 0 153783. 4

33 5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p

jpo 2 78984. 6 53 5dB 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" jpo 2 154494.

0

41 5d10 6s(2S)6p 6p

ipo 1 95340. 1 6, 5d10 6

p

2 6p

2 jp 1 155431. 5 20 5d10 6p

2 6p2 3 P 0 142551 7, 5d

10 6s(2S)6d 6d *D 1 157444. 1 0. 50
214

Pb III—Continued Pb IIIContinued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g

82 5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6(2 3 D 2 157925. 0 1. 15 203 5(210 6s(2 S)5<7 5g

3 G 3 217635. 3 0. 8

9s 5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6(2 3 D 3 158956. 8 1. 33 21s 5c210 6s(2 S)5<7 5<7 3 G 5 217659. 1 102 5d

10 6p2 6p2 3 P 2 164817. 9 1. 40 22 4 5(210 6s(2 S)5<7 5<7 J G 4 217660. 6 1. 06

75 5di° 6s (

2 S) 7p 7p 3p° 0 170917. 3 23, 5d10 6s(2 S)9s 9s 3 S 1 219344

8! 5d10 6s(2 S)7p 7p 3p° 1 171081. 4 1. 38 240 5d

10 6s(2 S)9s 9s !S 0 219910

'

9i 5d

9 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3pO 4 173329 25, 5d'° 6s(2 S)8d 8d

3 D 1 221205

102 5<2® 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3p° 2 173986. 3 0. 97 262 5d'° 6s(2 S)8d 8d

3 D 2 221307

11! 5<2® 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3p° 1 174600. 9 1. 14 273 510 6s(2 S)8c2 8(2 3 D 3 221600

121 5d

10 6s(2 S)7p 7p 3p° 2 176022. 9 1. 34 282 5rf 10 6s(2 S)8(2 8c2 iD 2 221938

13! 5d'° 6s(2 S)7p 7p ,po 1 177181. 4 1. 15 33! 5d10 6p(2 P5^)7s 7s' ,po

1 224740 0

141 5c2« 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 1 D° 2 177906. 5 1. 08 345 5dTM 6p(2 P6h)7s 7s' 3p° 0 226618

11 2 5d10 6

p

2 6p2 iD 2 178432 35f 5di° 6p(2 Poy2 )6d 1 227584

15§ 5<2® 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3po 3 178957. 0 361 5

10 6p(2 Poy)6d 2 227807

16! 5c2® 6s2 (

2 D)6p 6p" ,po 1 184268. 1 0. 96 371 5

10 6p(2 Poy)6d 3 228039

120 5c!10 6p2 6p2 IS 0 188615 29 4 5dw 6s(2 S)6^ 60 3 G 4 229845

171 5dw 6s(2 S)5

/

5/ 3p° 3 189785. 2 1. 09 303 5d'° 6s(2 S)6g 6g

3 G 3 229846

181 5dw 6s(2 S)5

/

5/ 3p° 2 190287. 8 0. 67 31 5 5(210 6s(2 S)6p 6ff

3 G 5 229870. 5

191 5c210 6s(2 S)5/ 5/ 3p° 4 190429. 0 1. 25 32, 5(210 6s(2 S)6<7 6ff

J G 4 229870

20§ 5d'° 6s(2 S)5/ 5/ ip° 3 190901. 2 1. 00 38° 5d

10 6s(2 S)6/i 6h ,-3 H0 230085

215 5c2® 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3p° 0 192880 33, 5d

10 6s(2 S)10s 10s 3 S 1 230954

221 5<2® 6s2

(2 D)6p 6p" 3 D° 3 196846. 7 1. 03 340 5d10 6s(2 S)10s 10s IS 0 231244

23! 5(2® 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3 D° 1 197318. 6 35, 5d'° 6s(2 S)9(2 9d3 D 1 232019

13, 5 d«> 6s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 197892. 8 2. 00 362 5(210 6s(2 S)9d 9d

3 D 2 232097

241 5c2® 6s2

(

2 D)6p 6p" 3 D° 2 199343. 9 373 5<210 6s(2 S)9(2 9d3 D 3 232274

14o 5(210 6s(2 S)8s 8s iS 0 199400. 6 382 5(210 6s(2 S)9(2 9d iD 2 232442

15, 5e210 6s(2 S)7<2 7(2 3 D 1 201398. 7 0. 50 391 5d'° Qp(2 Poy)6d 2 233820

16 2 5<210 6s(2 S)7c2 7(2 3 D 2 201597. 3 1. 16 394 5dw 6s(?S)7g 7g 3 G 4 237212

173 5<210 6s(2 S)7<2 7(2 3 D 3 202046. 8 1. 33 403 5e210 6s(2 S)7p 7g 3 G 3 237219

182 5d'° 6s(2 S)7<2 7(2 iD 2 203301. 6 0. 98 424 5d'° 6s(2 S)7p 7g iG 4 237239

255 5(210 6s(2 S)8p 8p 3p° 0 206809 415 5dw 6s(2 S)7p 7g

3 G 5 237240

26? 5c210 6s(2 S)8p 8p 3p° 1 206979 40° 5d

10 6s(2 S)7/i 7h ,.3 H° 237389

27l 5d10 6s(2 S)8p 8p 3p° 2 208922 43 34 5d

10 6s(2 S)8p 8g

i-3 G 242005

28! 5c210 6s(2 S)8p ,po 444 ,5 5(210 6s(2 S)8g 8g

i-3 G 242023

8p 1 209318

41° 5d10 6s(2 S)8/i 8h

,'3H° 242130

291 5<210 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ 3p° 2 214434

42! 5c210 6p(2 P,^)7s 7s' 3po 1 242321

301 5c210 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ 3p° 3 214477

43° 5(210 6s(2 S)9 h 9 h ,-3 H° 245378

31! 5d10 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ 3p° 4 214486 441 5d10 6p(2 Pfo)7s 7s' 3p° 2 246144

321 5di° 6s(2 S)6/ 6/ 1F° 3 214846

194 5<210 6s(2 S)5? 5<7 3 G 4 217633. 4 1. 01 Pb iv(2 Soh) Limit --- 257592 ±5

November 1954.
215

Pb hi Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4

d

10 4/u 5s2 5p

6 +

Observed Terms

5d10 6s2 6s2 2 S

5d10 6p

2 / 6p2

3

P

\ 6p2 3 S 6p2 3 D

ns (n> 6) np (n> 6) nd (ft >6)

5

d

10 6s(2 S)nx / 7 to 10s 3 S

\ 7 to 10s »S 6 to 8p

3 P°

6 to 8p T0 6 to 9d

3 D

6 to 9d *D

5d10 6p(2 P°)nx' / 7

s' 3 P°

\ 7s' T°

5

d

B 6s2

(2 D)nx"

{

6p" 3 P° 6p" 3 D° 6p" 3 F°

6p" iP° 6p" 3 D°

nf (n> 5) ng (n> 5) nh (ft >6)

5d10 6s(2 S)nx 5,6

f

3 F° 5 to 8g3 G 6 to 9h

3 H°

5,6/ !F° 5 to 8g

J G 6 to 9h

1 H°

*For predicted terms of the Hg I isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. hi, Introduction.

Pb IV

(Au i sequence; 79 electrons) Z=82

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d

10 6s 2S0^

6s 2S0H 341350 K I. P. 42.31 volts

Further study of the spectrum is needed. The early work on this spectrum was extended

by Schoepfle in 1935 to include 98 classified lines between 459.04 A and 4496.21 A. Later,

Crawford, McLay, and Crooker revised and extended the analysis and published 134 classified

lines in the interval 432.880 A to 8749.7 A. The data in the table are from this later paper,

and the numbers used by these authors to designate miscellaneous levels are retained in column

one. The wavelengths of Arvidsson have been used in both papers for the region 432 A to 1438 A. The terms 6, 7, 8s 2S, 6p

2P°, and 6,7d2D, and 6 miscellaneous levels are common to both papers, but Schoepfle lists 19 levels not retained by Crawford and his associates.

By applying a Hicks formula to the ns

2S series (71s =6 to 8), Schoepfle derives the limit

340885, which gives an ionization potential of 42.25 volts. The limit quoted above “was

obtained by assuming the sequence nh 2H° to be hydrogenic”.

This spectrum exhibits evidence of jj-coupling in the levels from the 5d

9 6s(1,3 D)6_p configuration. The notation for this coupling is discussed in the text for Au 1 . The authors

assign the levels 1° through 4° to the configuration 5dly2 6%* fiPoH- By comparison with

isoelectronic spectra, Trees and the writer have made the additional //-coupling configuration

assignments given in the table for this group; they are extremely tentative. Schoepfle suggests

that the levels labeled in the table 16° and 22°, may be 7p

2P°, and that 24° may be 5/ 2F°.

The observed /-values are consistent with this 7p

2P° assignment, but the overlapping of

configurations makes a definitive choice difficult.
216

Pb IV

Continued

REFERENCES

J. B. Green and R. A. Loring, Phys. Rev. 43, 459 (1933). (Z E)

G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 47, 232 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. F. Crawford, A. B. McLay, and A. M. Crooker, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 158, No. 894, 455 (1937). (I P)

(T) (C L) (I S) (hfs) A. L. Schawlow, J. N. P. Hume, and M. F. Crawford, Phys. Rev. 76, 1877 (L) (1949). (hfs)

Pb IV Pb IV

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.

9 Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d10

(

1 S)6s 6s 2S oy2 0 17° 5<2?^ 6s0>s 6pi^ O/2 mioses. 7 5d»0S)6p 6p 2 P° oy2 76158 21061

18° 5dfo 6s0^ 6pon 2/ 213519. 2 iy2 97219

19° 5dlx 6s0}* 6piH I /2 214842. 7 12

5CP6S2 6s2 2 D 2/

1/2 101252

122568 -21316 20° 3/

1° 5 6soh 2/ 166369 21° 5d?>

6soh 6pJM 2^ 217216

2° // 3/2 172667 22° " ? 1/ 217851. 9

3° n

2/2 173248 23° n 2/ 219461. 0

4° n

1/2 175388 24° n 3/ 221716. 1 5d10 (

1 S) Qd 6d2 D 1/ 184558. 8

2258. 0

0. 78 25° O/2 231013

2/2 186816. 8 1. 17 26° 2/ 232638

5d10

(

1 S)7s 7s 2 S 0/2 185103. 0 1. 92

27° 1/ 235565

5° 5dlx 6soh 6pix 1/2 188759

5d10 0S)8s 8s 2 S O/2 249634. 5 7° // 2/2 193776

5d10 0S)7d 7d

2 D 1/ 250401. 6

1017. 9 8° // 3/2 193855 2/2 251419. 5 9° // 1/2 193954 5d10 0S)5g 5g

2 G 4/ 270496 9 3/ 270498

10° // 0/2 194147

5d10 0S)6h 6h

2 H° 4/, 5/ 292543

11° n 2/ 197024

5d10 (

1 S)7h 7h2 H° 4/, 5/ 305516

12° 5dlx 6s0^ 6po^ 1/ 200021

5d10 0S)8h 8h

2 H° 4/, 5/ 313939

13° n O /2 201460

14° 5dlx 6soh 6pi^ 3/ 208524. 0

Pb v0So) Limit 341350

15° 5d?H 6som 6pox I /2 209051. 1 16° 5d\x 6so^ 6pi oy2 209788. 4 0. 68

September 1954.
217

Pb v

(Pt i sequence; 78 electrons) Z=82

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p8 5d10 X S0

5d

10 U 555000 K I. P. 68.8 volts

The analysis is from Schoepfle, who has extended the early work of Mack and the subsequent investigation by Mack and Fromer. The levels have been based on the observations

by Arvidsson, who separated the lines belonging to the spectra of different stages of ionization.

About 200 lines have been classified in the interval 284.329 A to 1401.56 A.

The spectra of the Pti isoelectronic sequence are of special theoretical interest because

they approach .//-coupling rather than LS- or JZ-coupling. This appears more conspicuously

in the spectra of higher ionization, especially among the levels from the 5d9 (

2D)6p configuration.

A detailed study of “The Four Vector Problem and Its Application to Energies and Intensities

in Platinum-like Spectra” has been made by Goble. In .LS-coupling this configuration gives

rise to the terms 1,3 (P°D°F°). In .//-coupling the same number of energy levels and the same

resultant J-values occur, but each level is defined by two ./-values, one for the d-electron (1 K

or 2%), and one for the p-electron, (OK or IK).

In the table the writer has assigned XS'-designations only in the case of the 1,3D terms

from the 5cZ

9

(2D)n$ configuration, although the .//-coupling applies here, also. “Odd” levels are in italics throughout. The ./-values for the d- and p-electrons as required for .//-coupling, are indicated in the configuration column, the former being the same as the J-values of the

limit term 2D. A table giving the transformation from jj- to XS'-coupling may be found in

the book by Condon and Shortley, p. 294.

Schoepfle uses as the ionization limit the value 562600 derived from a Ritz formula, from

which he apparently derived the absolute value of the level 5d9

(2D2^)6pi^, J=3. The cor- responding ionization potential is 69.7 volts. Mack and Fromer quote an ionization potential

derived from a Moseley diagram for the sequence. This estimate is based on a two-member

series, 5d9 (

2D2^)ns(n=6,7), J=3, represented by a Rydberg formula to which the same Ritz

correction is applied as for the spectrum of the same stage of ionization in the Au i sequence.

Their limit is quoted here.

REFERENCES

G. Arvidsson, Ann, der Phys. [5] 12, 787 (1932). A. T. Goble, Phys. Rev. 48, 346 (1935).

J. E. Mack and M. Fromer, Phys. Rev. 48, 357 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L) G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 50, 538 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra, p. 294 (Cambridge University Press, London,

1951).
218

Pb y Pb y

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d

10 5d10 2 S 0 0 3 326888

5i9

(2 D2H)6s 6s 3 D 3 110768 4 327433

// 5d9

(2 D1H)6s 2

1 114705132711 - 18006 3 328234

5d9

(2 D1H)6s 6s J D 2 135997 3 329572

2 141988 3 329935

5d9

(2 D2H)6poH 2 194803 2 331487

5d9

(

2 D2^)6poH 3 197131 2 331749

3 199048 2 332358

3 210514 2 332501

2 211487 1 335913

3 212872 5d9

(2 D2H)7s 7s 3 D 3 338440

// -794

2 339234

2 213131

2 341595

2 215804

2 350605

5d9

(2 D1H)6poH 2 217069

3 358771

3 218043

2 359928

5d9

(

2 D1H)6p0* 1 219488

5cZ9

(

2 D1H)7s 7s 3 D 1 360496

5d9

(

2 D2H)6pi^ 4 221069

5<2 7s 2 361073 9

(

2 Di^)7s

5d9

(

2 D2^)6pi^ 2 223909

5d 2 397410 9

(2 D)7p?

5<Z9 (

2 D2*)6Pik 3 226511

5d9

(

2 D)7p? 3 427026

2 227746

5d9

(2 D)7p? 2 427360

5d9

(

2 D2H)6pi^ 1 227835

2 450173

2 232040

5d9

(

2 D2*)8s 8s 3 D 3 452624 -343

2 233830 // 2 452967

5d9

(

2 D1H)6Pl* 0 237660 3 473642

1 239418 5d9

(2 D1H)8s 8s 3 D 1 476582

5d9

(

2 Dw)6pw 3 244661 5d9

(2 D,H)8s 8s *D 2 476894

5d^D^)6pm 1 245277 5d9

(

2 D2H)9s 9s 8 D 3

9 546508

5d9

(

2 D1H)6p1H 2 247595

5<29 (*D)8p? 3 554440

2 258588

Pb vi(2 D2H) Limit 555000

1 260674

5<i9

(2 D)8p? 3 571267

3 283483

5cZ9

(

2 D)8p? 2 575919

3 297112

5d9

(2 D)8p? 3 577526

2 299708

5d9

(2 D)8p? 2 604560

3 317397

2 326216

August 1954.
219

BISMUTH

Bii

83 electrons Z=83

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p° 3d10 4s

2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6

p

3 4S?^

6

p

3 4S?h 58790 K I. P. 7.287 volts

Although the Bi i spectrum has been studied by a number of investigators, yet no complete homogeneous set of observations exists. The spectrum needs to be reobserved and

accurately measured over the entire photographic range.

Series were recognized by Thorsen in 1926. They were extended by Clearman in 1952

from observations in the short-wave region; his revised values of the limits are quoted here.

Mrozowski has studied the hyperfine structure in detail and also extended the analysis.

The present list of energy levels is based mostly upon the terms given by Mrozowski and

Clearman with revisions by the writer. She has prepared a line list from unpublished measure- ments by Meggers and Murphy, by Humphreys and Paul (infrared), and from Clearman’s

paper. She has recalculated the level values from these wavelengths and made additional

tentative assignments of configurations for many miscellaneous levels. A number of published

levels are omitted here, pending further confirmation. Some new levels have been added on

evidence furnished by the series assignments. In general, however, further confirmation of

many J-values, configurations, and levels is needed.

There are approximately 180 classified lines between 1362.84 A and 22551.6 A.

Most of the levels are listed in increasing numerical order in the table, because of the

departure from jLS'-coupling. Some ^-designations are, however, indicated on the evidence

afforded by the observed (/-values.

REFERENCES

P. A. van der Harst, Proc. K. Akad. Vetensch. Amsterdam 22, Part 1, 311 (1920). (Z E)

V. Thorsen, Zeit. Phys. 40, 642 (1926). (T) (C L)

P. Zeeman, E. Back, und S. Goudsmit, Zeit. Phys. 66, 1 (1930). (Z E) (hfs) S. Mrozowski, Phys. Rev. 62, 526 (1942); 69, 169 (1946). (T) (C L) (hfs) H. E. Clearman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 376 (1952). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and R. J. Murphy, unpublished material (1953). (C L)

H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, 63 (1953). (Summary hfs) C. J. Humphreys and E. Paul, Jr., U. S. Naval Ord. Lab., NAVORD Report 4589, 25 (1956). (C L)
220

Bii Bil

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level

6p

3 6p3 <S° v/2 0. 00 *6p2 (

3Pi)8s 8s 2 P? ox 61133?

6p3 6p3 2D° ix 11419. 03

4018. 63 1. 225 6p2

(

3 P2) Od ox? 61495?

2y2 15437. 66 1. 20

6p2 (

3 P2)6d IX 61812

6p3 6p3 2P° oy2 w

21661. 0

33164. 84

11503. 8 0. 667

6p2 (

3 P2)6<i ix 62744

6p2 (

3P0) 7s 7s <P oy2 32588. 17 2. 088 6p2 (3 Pi)8p OX? 62870. 91

6p2 (

3 P0)7p oy2 ? 41125. 18 6p2

(

3 Pi)8p ix? 63200. 6

6p2

(

3 P0)7p i X 42940. 6 6p2

( 3Pi)8p 0 X? 63733. 81 6p2 (

3 Po)6<2 Od 2 D IX 43912. 67 0. 79 6p2

(

3 P2)8s 8s <P 2X 63858

6p2 (

3P0) 0d 6d 2 D 2y2 44816. 86 1. 20 6p2

(3 P2)8s 8s 2 P? IX 64023

6p2

(

3P!)73 7s <P iX 44865. 08 1. 676 6p2

(

3 Pi)7cZ? 2X 64122

6p2

(3Pi)7s 7s 2 P? oy2 45915. 57 1. 30 6p2 (

3 P07d ox 64238

6p2

(

3 Po)8s 8s «P ox 47373. 23 6p2

( 3 P,)7d IX 64275

6p2

(

3P2)7s 7s <P 2X 48489. 88 1. 41 6p2

(3 Pj)7cZ 2X2 64575?

6p2 (

3 P2)7s 7s 2 P? IX 49456. 6 0. 98 6p2

(3 Pi)9s 9s <P ix 65483

6p2 (

3Po)8p oy2 ? 49997. 481 6p2

(

3 Pi)9s 9s 2 P? ox 65612

6p2 (

3P0)7d 7d 2 D iX 51019. 11 6p2 (

3 Pi)9p OX? 66524. 91 6p2

(

3Po) 7d 7d 2 D 2X 51158. 65 6p2 (

3 Pi)9p ox? 66992. 11 6p2 (

3Po)9s 9s <P ox 52255. 36 6p2

(

J D2) 7s IX? 67117

6p2

(3P0)9p ox

53471. ? 6p2 (

3Pi)8d ox 67216?

6p2

(

3 P„)8d 8d 2 D 2X 53878. 6 6p2 (

3 P,)8d? ix? 67328

6p2 (

3 Pi)7p ox 53893. 74 6p2

(3 Pi)10s? 10s <P? IX 67832

6p2

(

3 P0)8d 8d2 D IX 53976. 84 6p2

(3 P2) 7d OX? 68049?

6p2

(3 P0)10s 10s «P oy2 54559. 7 6p2 0D2) 7s 2X2 ? 68086

6p2

(3 Pi) 7p iX 54570. 53 6p2 (3pj) 10p 0x? 68365. 51

6p2

(

3 P<,)9d 9d 2 D IX 55424. 3 6p2

(3 P!)9d ox 68764

6p2 (

3P„)9d 9d 2 D 2X 55478. 0 6p2 (3 P2)9s 9s <P 2X 68967?

6p2 (

3 P0)lls 11s <P oy2 55822. 2 6p2 (3 P2 )9s 9s 2 P IX 69120?

6p2

(3 Pi)7p ix? 56088. 2 6p2(3 P2 ) 8d ox? 70931?

6p2

(

3P!)7p ox? 56275. 4 6p2 (

3 P2 )10s 10s 2 P IX 71499?

6p2 (3P0)10<i 6p2 (3P,)6d

6p2 (

3 P0)12s

6p2

(3 Pi)6d

lOd 2 D ix

IXox

2y2

56329

56570. 50 Bi 11 (3Pj) Limit 72112

12s *P 56591?

57076 6p2

(3 P2)9i 0x? 72463?

6p2

(

3 Pi)6d ox 57607. 0 6p2

(

3 P2) lOd 0x? 73376?

6p2

(3 Pi)6<i

6p2

(3 P06d

6p2

(

3 Pi)6d

Bi ii(3 P0) 6p2

(

3 Pi)8s

IX

2X

3X

57767. 8 58273. 64 Bi ii(3 P2 ) Limit 75815

58377. 6 Limit 58790 Bi ii( 1 D2 ) Limit 92720

8s <P ix 60817

Interval Obs. g

October 1956.
221

Bi II

(Pb i sequence; 82 electrons) Z=83

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3

s

2 3p6 3d

10 4s2 4^6 4c?0 4/14 5s2 5

p

6 5d10 6s2 6p

2 3 P0

6p

2 3 P0 134600 K I. P. 16.68 volts

The energy levels and limit are from Crawford and McLay, the authors who assigned

the arbitrary numbers listed in the first column of the table. In 1947, Murakawa and Suwa

revised and extended the ^’-coupling assignments of these authors and also suggested LS~

designations for nearly all of the levels. Their results are quoted in the second and third

columns of the table.

The level at 112645 K is from this paper, and the levels labeled 253 and 21 0 are found only

in the earlier one. The level at 117004 K is listed as both “even” (6p0^ Qf2y2 3F2) (1947) and

“odd” (6poy2 5g) (1934). On the basis of the combinations in the 1934 paper, the latter configuration has been adopted in the table. This level has been “assumed hydrogenic” for the

calculation of the limit.

There are approximately 190 lines in the interval 937.95 A to 8863 A, including some

“forbidden” transitions. The hyperfine structure exhibited by a number of the lines is discussed in detail by Fisher and Goudsmit and others. The over-all separation is wide for a number of the energy levels. REFERENCES

R. A. Fisher and S. Goudsmit, Phys. Rev. 37, 1057 (1931). (hfs) M. F. Crawford and A. B. McLay, Proc. Roy. Soc. [A] 143, 540 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) K. Murakawa and S. Suwa, Reports Inst. Sci. Tech. Tokyo Univ. 1, 121 (1947). (I P) (T) (hfs)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) C. D. Cole and S. Mrozowski, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 28, 29 (1953). (C L)

Bi II Bi II

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Inter- val Authors Config. Desig. J Level Inter- val

lo Gpox GPoy3 6p

2 3 P 0 0 1 “3 *39/1 10! 6pm 7s ip° 1 89883

2i G>Pox 6pm 1 13324 37OA

32 G>Pm 2 17030 11! 6s 6p

% 3 D° 1 94440

4 2 GPm 6V\A 6p

2 J D 2 33936 12! 6s 6p3 3 D° 2 94928

50 Gpm 6pin 6v

1 0 44173 13! 6s 6p3 3D° 3 96057

lo Gpox 7s 3p° 0 69138 141 §P\A Gd 3po 2 99011

2! Qpox 7s 3p° 1 69598 15! 6piy2 6d 3p° 1 100492

41 6s 6p3 6p3 5S° 2 76147 16! QPoa 8s 3p° 1 101341

5i Gpoy 6dVA 3 D° 2 79089 170 £>Pia Gd 3p° 0 101464

6! 6p0y2 6dm 3 D° 1 80575 181 6pm 6d iD° 2 102330

71 Gpoy, 6c?2h 3p° 2 82047 19! 6piy 6d

3 D° 3 103003

83 Spo'A 6d2ya 3p° 3 82255 10 2 Gpoy 0/2 ,

M

3 F 2 105083

6, Gpoy 7p0^

3 D 1 84281 11 2 Gp\y, 7p0y3 P 2 105269

70 Gpox 7p0H 3 P 0 87078 12S GPoa 5/ 3 G 3 105287

8, Gpoy 7pin iP 1 88566 13j Gpoa 5/ 3F 3 105449

91 6j0j}<; 7s 3p° 2 88769 201 Gpon 7d 3 D° 2 105526

9 2 §Po'A 7pm 3 D 2 88789 14, GpoA SfiA 3 F 4 105726
222

Bi II—Continued Bi n—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Inter- val Authors Config. Desig. J Level

15, 6?ok 8p0* 3D 1 106447 19 2 6?>ik 7p, H

iD 2 109904

211 6pon 7d 3D° 1 106611 7p,n iS 0 112645

21„ 6Pok 8po« 3p 0 107976 23 3 6?>ok 6/ 3 G 3 115933

22§ 67>ok 7d2M

iF° 3 108007 24, 6Pok 6/3^ 3F 4 115990

23f 6?ik 6d ,po

1 108126 25 3 6Pok 6/ *F 3 116089

16 3 7?,h 3D 3 108278 26 2 6pok 6/2H *F 2 116212

17, 6?ok 8p,h iP 1 108404 25° 6?>ok 5g3 x 3 117004

222 6p0K 8p,*D 2 108886

18, 6?ik 7p1H

3 S 1 109104 Bi in (

2 Poh) Limit 134600

241 6p0>s 7d 3F° 2 109157

January 1955.

Bi III

(T1 1 sequence; 81 electrons) Z=8

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2%P 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4 4c?10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5c?0 6s2 6^ 2P°k

6p

2 P?h 200280 K I. P. 25.56 volts

The analysis is from Crawford and McLay, who have revised and extended their earlier

work and that of Lang. There are 106 classified lines between 590.73 A and 8934 A.

Arvidsson’s measurements have been used in the short-wave region, 590 A to 1486 A, to supplement those of the authors.

The limit is based on the assumption that the term 7h

2H° is hydrogenic.

By analogy with Pb n, the writer has tentatively assigned LS-designations to the terms

of the 6s 6p

2 configuration. The authors adopt the following numerical labels and ij-coupling

nomenclature for these levels:

Desig. Config. Desig. Config.

4k 6s 6px 6px 6,k 6s 6pH 6p,k

liK 6s 6pk 6p,k 32k 6s 6p,K 6p,K

22K 6s 6px 6plH 7ik 6s 6p,K 6pix

5« 6s 6px 6 8k 6s 6piyi 6j»ik

Fisher and Goudsmit report wide hyperfine structure intervals for these levels. REFERENCES

R. A. Fisher and S. Goudsmit, Phys. Rev. 37, 1057 (1931). (Ms) G. Arvidsson, Ann. der Phys. 12, 802 (1932).

M. F. Crawford and A. B. McLay, Proc. Roy. Soc. [A] 143, 540 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) F. M. Kelly, R. Richmond, and M. F. Crawford, Phys. Rev. 80, 295 (L) (1950). (hfs) H. E. Walchli, A Table of Nuclear Moment Data, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., ORNL-1469, 63 (1953). (Summary Ms)
223

Bi in Bi in

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6s2 OS) 6p 6p

2 P° 0% 0 20788 6s2 OS) 8p 8p 2 P° oy2 154198 2223

i X 20788 IX 156421

4« 6s 6p

2 6p2 4 P ox 70254 12784 6s2 OS) 6/ 6/ 2 F° 3X 162186 -56

Uh iX 83038 6198 2X 162242

22H 2X

oy2

89236

6s2 OS) 5^ 50

2 G 4X 166234 _3

6s2 OS) 7s 7s 2 S 95075 3 y2 166237

6s2 0S)6d 6d 2 D IX 96154 6292 6s2 OS) 9s 9s 2 S oy2 167289

2y2 102446

6s2 OS) 8d 8d 2 D IX 169292 365

5* 6s 6p

2 6p2 2 P oy2 108052 22914 2y2 169657

7im i X 130966

6s

2 OS) 60 60 2 G 4X 178467 _3

6ih 6s Op2 Op2 2 D i y2 108586 7828 3y2 178470

32m 2y2 116414

6s2 OS) 6h 6ft 2 H° 4H, 5y2 178719

6s2 OS) 7p 7p

2 P° ox 116993 5135

6s2 OS) 70 70 i X 122128 2 G ^

CO 185850

185853

-3

6s 6p2 6p

2 2 S oy2

3 x

130986?

6s2 OS) 7ft 7ft 2H° 4X, 5X 186024

6s2 OS) 5/ 5/ 2 F° 137455 -100

2y2 137555 6s

2 OS) 80 80 2 G

CO 190642

190644

-2

6s2 OS) 8s 8s 2 S oX 145227

6s2 OS) 7d 7d 2 D ix

2X

149086

149796 710

Bi ivOSo) Limit 206180

January 1955.

Bi IV

(Hgi sequence; 80 electrons) Z=83

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5

s

2 5p6 5d10 6s2 'So

6s2 'So 365500 K I. P. 45.3 volts

The analysis is incomplete, and is complicated because the spectrum exhibits both hyperfine

structure and configuration-interaction. The early work by Arvidsson and by Stanley Smith

has been extended by McLay and Crawford to include 139 classified lines in the range from

420.7 A to 5347 A. The energy levels in the table are quoted from the paper by these last two authors.

By analogy with Pb hi the writer has added tentative ZS'-designations except for the terms

' 3 P°D°F° having the configuration 5d9 6s2 (

2D)6p, where the ^‘-coupling notation as given by

the authors, is tabulated. For further use of this notation the 1933 reference should be consulted.

The limit has been “obtained by applying a Rydberg formula to 6s 6d 83 and 6s 7d 17a ”. REFERENCES

S. Smith, Nature 127, 855 (1931). (T) (C L)

G. Arvidsson, Ann. der Phys. [5] 12, 787 (1932). (T) (C L) (hfs) A. B. McLay and M. F. Crawford, Phys. Rev. 44, 986 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) F. M. Kelly, R. Richmond, and M. F. Crawford, Phys. Rev. 80, 295 (L) (1950). (hfs)
224

Bi IV Bi IV

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Authors Config. Desig. J Level

lo 5d

10 6s2 6s2 »S 0 0 121 5dlx 6s2 6p,« 4 225617

lo 5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6 p

3 P° 0 70968 131 5d\x 6s2 6po^ 1 228127

2! 5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p 3 P° 1 75926 145 5dlx 6s2 6pi^ 2 230637

35 5d10 6s(2 S)6p 6p

3 P° 2 96423 15! 5d10 6s(2 S)7p 7p iP° 1 231913

4! 5<210 6s(2 S)6p 6p

1 P° 1 114602 165 5d10 6s(2 S)7p 7p3 P° 2 282627

20 5d10 6

p

2 6p2 3p 0 166552 175 5d® 6s2 6

p

1H? 3 233238

3 2 5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6d »D 2 184160 185 5d10 6s(2 S)5

/

5/ 3 F°? 3 233955

4! 5d

10 6p

a 6p2 3 P 1 185014 195 5d10 6s(2 S)5

/

5/ 3 F° 2 235172

5, 5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6d *D 1 197151 20! 5d10 6s(2 S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 4 285657

6i 5d10 6s(2 S)7s 7s 3 S 1 197446 215 5d10 6s(2S)5/ 5/ 1F°? 3 236518

72 5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6d

3 D 2 197829 22! 5d^ 6s2 6p,^ 1 287701

83 5d10 6s(2 S)6d 6d

3 D 3 199769 13i 5d10 6s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 266674

9o 5d10 6s(2 S)7s 7s »S 0 201581 14, 5d10 6s(2 S)7d 7d 3 D 1 267576

102 5d10 6p

2 6p2 3 P 2 202434 152 5d10 6s(2 S)7d 7d3 D 2 267856

Ha 5

10 6p2 6p2 »D 2 217823 160 5d10 6s(2 S)8s 8s J S 0 268191

75 bd\x 6s2 6pon 2 224292 17* 5d10 6s(2 S)7d 7d

3 D 3 268690

8° ) 9° l 5d10 6s(2S)7p 7p

J P° 0,1

224584. 6

224600. 2

224607. 0

224611. 9

182 5d10 6s(2 S)7d 7d »D 2 269758

11° J ( Bi v(2 Soh) Limit 365500

December 1954. Bi y

(Au i sequence; 79 electrons) Z=83

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3 s2 3p

6 3d10 4s

2 4p° 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s 2S0^

6s 2S0H 451700 K I. P. 56.0 volts

In 1932 Arvidsson observed the spectrum in the extreme ultraviolet and classified three

pairs of doublets. Later, Schoepfle extended the analysis with the aid of Arvidsson’s measure- ments; his data are used in the table. There are 20 classified lines between 355.769 A and

1139.548 A.

Schoepfle states that the hyperfine separation of the ground term is 13 K. The combination of this term with 6p

2P°^ gives rise to two lines having respective wave numbers 87754.1

and 87767.8. Similarly, its combination with 6p

2P°^ gives the two components 115673.9 and

115686.8. Schoepfle adopts an average value for each of the 2P° levels, namely, 87760 and

115681. In order to list the energy levels from the ground state zero, the writer has adopted

the lower of the hyperfine-structure levels instead of the average of the two, and adjusted the

values of other levels in the table based on combinations with 6p

2P°, accordingly. The small

correction (—6 or —7 K) is perhaps negligible when it is considered that the observed Bi v

lines lie in the far ultraviolet region. Arvidsson estimates that the measured wavelengths

are probably accurate to about 0.03 A. REFERENCES

G. Arvidsson, Ann. der Phys. [5] 12, 787, (1932). (C L) (hfs) G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 47, 232 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) F. M. Kelly, R. Richmond, and M. F. Crawford, Phys. Rev. 80, 295 (L) (1950). (hfs)
Bi v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d10 pS0)6a 6s »S OK 0 5d10 (

1 S0)6p 6p *P° OK 87754 27920 IK 115674

5d

9 6s* 6s3 S D 2K

IK

103656

133772 -30116

1 IK 223224

5d10 (

1 S0)6d 6d J D IK 229289 3251 2K 232540

5d10 (

1S0)7s 7s 2 S 0K 233340

5d10 OSo)7p 7p *P° OK 270625 10456 IK 281081

5d10 (»So)7d 7d

S D IK 317307 1322 2K 318629

5<i10

(

1 S0) 8s 8s 2 S 0K 320430

Bi vi flSo) Limit 451700

September 1954. Bi yi

(Pt i sequence; 78 electrons) Z=83

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3

s

2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4

d

10 4

f

u 5s2 5pc 5d10

5d

10 J S0 712000 K I. P. 88.3 volts

The analysis is from Schoepfle, who has extended the work of Mack and Fromer. Both

investigations are based on the observations of Arvidsson, who reported the first regularities.

There are in all, 91 classified lines in the interval 214.318 A to 1394.46 A, rejecting one dubious

level above the ionization limit; and a level at 176585 which cannot be explained theoretically, as pointed out by Mack.

The spectra of the Pt i isoelectronic sequence are of special theoretical interest because

they approach jj-coupling rather than LS- or JZ-coupling. This appears more conspicuously

in the spectra of higher ionization, especially among the levels from the 5d9 (

2D)6p configuration.

A detailed study of “The Four Vector Problem and Its Application to Energies and Intensities

in Platinum-like Spectra” has been made by Goble. In AS'-coupling this configuration gives

rise to the terms 1 ' 3 (P°D°F°). In jj-coupling the same number of energy levels and the same

resultant tZ-values occur, but each level is defined by two j-values, one for the cZ-electron (1 % or

2 y2 ), and one for the p-electron (OK or 1%).

In the table, the writer has assigned AS'-designations only in the case of the 1 ,3 D terms from

the 5d9

( 2D)ns configuration, although the ^‘-coupling applies here also. The j-values for the

d- and ^-electrons as required for ^-coupling are indicated in the configuration column, the

former being the same as the J-values of the limit term 2D. A table giving the transformation from jj- to AS'-coupling may be found in the book by Condon and Shortley, p. 294.

Schoepfle uses as the ionization limit the value 761800 derived by a Ritz formula from

which he apparently determined the absolute value of the 5cZ9

(2D2^)6pi^, J=3, level. The

corresponding ionization potential is 94.4 volts.

Mack and Fromer quote an ionization potential derived from a Moseley diagram for the

sequence. This estimate is based on a two-member series, 5d

9

(

2D2^)ns (n= 6,7), J—3 represented by a Rydberg formula to which the same Ritz correction is applied as for the spectrum

of the same stage of ionization in the Au i sequence. Their limit is quoted here.
226

Bi vi—Continued

REFERENCES

G. Arvidsson, Ann. der Phys. [5] 12, 787 (1932). (T) (C L) (hfs) A. T. Goble, Phys. Rev. 48, 346 (1935).

J. E. Mack and M. Fromer, Phys. Rev. 48, 357 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) G. K. Schoepfle, Phys. Rev. 50, 538 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra, p. 294 (Cambridge University Press, London,

1951).

J. E. Mack, letter (June 1956).

Bi VI Bi VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5d10 5d10 »S 0 0 2 373679

5d9 (

2 D2*)6s

5d«(2 DlH)6s

5d9 (

2 D,*)6s

6s 3 D

6s *D

32

12

149495

153737

175017

178479

-4242

-21280 5d9 (

2 D2*)7s

ft 5d9

(

2 D1H)7s

7s 3 D

2

32

1

401592

426587

427483

452280

-896

-24797

2 237881 5d9

(

2 D,x)7s 7s »D 2 452914

5<29

(2 D2^)6poH 2 244721 1 539649

5d#

(2 D2)4)6poH 3 247165 5d9 (

2 D)7p? 3 556721

2 250191 5d9

(

2 D)7p? 3 562057

5d»(2 D1H)6poM 2 270603 2 580252

5d9 (

2 DlH)6p0* 1 274158 5d9

(

2 D2H)8s

ft 8s 3D 3

0

606519

606754

-235

5d#

(

2 D2j4i)6pi^ 4 277866 1 5d9 (*D 2^)6piH 2 280930 5d9 (

2 D^)8s 8s »D 2 631304

5d9 (

2 D2*)6p1H 1 284036 2 644278

5d9

(2D2^)6pij$ 3 284058 5d9

(

2 D2H)9s 9s 3 D 3

0

711313

5d9 (

2 DiM)6piH 0 298862 1 5d9

(

2 Dm)6p1H 5d9

(

2 D1H)6p1H 5<P(*T>1H)6Pw

3 305272

1 305903 Bi vii (

2 D2^)

5d#

(

2 D)8p?

Limit 712000

2 308613 3 744960

1 315254 5d9

(

2 D)8p? 3 749193

2 319259

August 1956.
227

POLONIUM

Po I

84 electrons Z=84

Ground state Is2 2s2 2%>

6 3s2 3p

6 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4rf10 4/14 5s2 5p* 5d10 6s2 6p4 3P2

6^4 3P2 67980 K I. P. 8.43 volts

The analysis is from the paper by Charles, Hunt, Pish, and Timma, who have classified

some 50 out of approximately 150 lines observed between 1919.4 A and 9374.80 A. They

report that a study of the Zeeman effect is in progress. Their limit is from the ns

3,6S° series

{n— 7, 8), corrected by extrapolating the differences of the effective quantum numbers for

T1 1, Pb i, and Bi i. Mrozowski has classified 7 additional lines in the above list, and added the term 6_p

4 ! So and the 2 levels 58762 and 5/^71. He attributes 3 of these lines to forbidden transitions of the

multipole type, observed in emission, stating that they are “just the three strongest multipole

lines to be expected.”

Most of the levels and designations listed below have been reported independently by

Vernyi, Zaidel, and Shvebel’blit, whose paper has just become available.

REFERENCES

G. W. Charles, D. J. Hunt, G. Pish, and D. L. Timma, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 869 (1955). (I P) (T) (C L)

S. Mrozowski, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46, 663 (1956). (T) (C L)

E. A. Vernyi, A. N. Zaidel, and K. G. ShvebePblit, Doklady Akad. Nauk. SSSR 104, 710 (1955); A. E. R. E.

(Harwell, England) Lib/Trans. 681 (1956). (T) (C L)

Po I Pol

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6p

4 6

p

4 3 P 2

10

0 16831

7514

-16831

9317

6p3 (

4 S°)8s

6p3 (

4 S°)8s

8s ®S°?

8s 3 S°?

2

1

55923

56268

6p

4 6

p

4 *D 2 21679 9° 1 57077

6p3 (

4S°) 7s 7s S S° 2 89081 6p3 (

4 S°)8p? 10 1 or 2 59354

6p3 (

4 S°)7s 7s 3 S° 1 40802 11° 2 59469

6p

4 6p4 4 S 0 42718 6p3 (

4 S°)8p? 12 1 or 2 59583

1° 2 51712 13° 1 or 2 61818

2° 3 52099 6p3 (

4 S°)9p? 14 1 or 2 62704

3° 1 52582 6p3

(

4 S°)9p? 15 1 or 2 62806

4° 1 58027 16° 1 or 2 62884

1 53762 17° 1 or 2 62959

5° 1 54250 6p3 (

4 S°) lOp? 18 1 or 2 64451

1 54471

6° 2 55465 Po n(4 Sfo) Limit 67980

September 1956.
228

RADON

Rn I

86 electrons Z=86

Ground State Is2 2s2 2^>6 3s2 3 3d}° 4s2 4p° 4d}° 4/14 5s2 5p° 5d}° 6s2 6^>

6

6 % 86692.5 K I. P. 10.746 volts

The analysis is by Rasmussen, who has classified 172 lines in the interval 3316.14 A to 10161.45 A, in addition to the two resonance lines 1451.56 A and 1786.07 A. The series are

well determined from a Ritz formula.

Edlen has noted that both the run of the quantum defects and the observed combinations

indicate that the levels given by Rasmussen in the Paschen notation as ls3 and ls2 , are, re- spectively, 3d6 and 3d5 . This change has been made in the table, and Edlen’s predicted positions

of the ls3 and ls2 levels entered in brackets.

By analogy with Xei, the writer has introduced JZ-coupling notation for Rm in conformity

with the designations adopted in these volumes for other spectra of the inert-gas type.

Rasmussen gives the following Z$-designations for the different types of series:

Paschen LS Paschen LS Paschen LS Paschen LS

S5 3 P2 Pi 3D3 d'i

3 F4 X 3Di

Si 3 Pi Pi 3D4 dz 3p2 Y 3 D2

S3 3 Po Pi 3 D2 di 3 f3 Z 3 f4

S2 T, Pi 3 Po d'i 2 D2 U 3 d3

PlO 3Sx d6 3 Po d[ 3 d3 V 3 F2

Pi *D2

3P1 d23 D, W 3 F3 REFERENCES

E. Rasmussen, Zeit. Phys. 80, 726 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

B. Edlen, Ark. Mat. Astr. Fys. (Stockholm) 29A, No, 21, 4 (1943).

Rn I Rn

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

Po 6p

6 6p61 S 0 0. 0 3d3 6p5 (

2 P^)6d 6d [1H]° 2

1 70222. 82

1 s 5 6p5

(2 Pfo)7s 7s [1H1° 2 54620. 85

1 Si 1 55989. 03 3pio 6p5

(2 PlH)8p 8p [OH] 1 77039. 38

1 s 3 6p5 (

2 PS*)7s 7s' [0H]° 0 [85976] 3p#

If 8p [2H1 2 77161. 69

ls 2 1 [87058] 3p8 3 77604. 53

3p7 n 8p [1H1 1 77677. 83

2pio 6p5 (

2Pfo) 7p 7V [OH] 1 66244. 97 3p„ 2 77827. 82

2Pi

// 7p [2H] 2 66707. 53 3p6 // 8p [OH] 0 78163. 27

2p8 3 68039. 48

2Pi

// 7p [1H] 1 68332. 10 4d6 6p5 (

2 Pin) 7d 7d [0H]° 0 77594. 82

2Pi 2 68789. 93 4(^5 1 77816. 12

2p6 u 7p [OH] 0 69743. 98 4di ft 7d [3H]° 4 78088. 42

4d4 3 78230. 67

3dt 6p5 (

2 Pfo) 6d 6d [0H]° 0 67906. 52 4d3 // 7d [1H1° 2 78173. SO

3d6 1 68891. 34 4d2 1 3dl n 6d [3H1° 4 69798. 00 4di If 7d [2H]° 2 78475. 97

3d4 3 70440. 42 4di 3 78628. 28
229

Rn I—Continued Rn I—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

3sj 6p5 (

2 Pfo) 9s 9s [D4]° 2 79626. 60 6X 6p5 (2 Pw)7/ 7/ [134] 1 83575. 07

3s 4 1 79762. 87 6Y 2 83578. 55

6Z

It 7/ [434] 5

4X 83592. 53 6p5 (

2 Pfo)5/ 5/ [ltf] 1 79639. 03 4 4Y 2 79644. 93 6U ft 7/ [234] 3 83607. 96

ft 5/ [4Y2 ] 5 6V 2 83610. 71 4Z 4 79690. 3 6W ft 7/ [334] 3 83622. 40

4U ft 5/ [2M1 3 79745. 40

4 4V 2 79750. 02

5s 5 6pS(2 P!*)lls 11s [134]° 2 83595. 18

4W ft 5/ [3H] 3479785. 18 5s4 1 83630. 49

7d 8 6p5

(

2 Pf^) 10(7 10d [034]° 0 84075. 08

4?io 6p5

(2Pi*)9p 9p [0V2] 1 80998. 06 7d 8 1 84111. 60

4p9 II 9p [214] 2 81049. 29 7d[ ft 10d [334]° 4 84162. 11 4Ps 3 81253. 54 7d4 3 84177. S3

4p?

It 9p [134] 1 81283. 24 7d3 ft lOd [134] 2 84169. 80

4p, 2 81351. 52 7d 3 1

4ps ft 9p [034] 0 81510. 27 7d\ ft lOd [23^1° 2 84210. 00

7d[ 3 84236. 50

5d8 5d6 6p5 (

2 P^)8d 8d [034]° 0

1 81234. 1581329. 96 6pfl 6p8 6p5(2 Pi*)llp Up [234] 2

3 84099. 35

bd[

5d4

ft 8d [334]° 4

3 81514. 40 6p7 6p8

ft Up [1H] 12

84108. 5 84131. 6 5d3 It 8<2 [1]4]° 2

1 81490. 50

81966. SO 6 ps

ft Up [034] 0 84183. 06

5d[ It 8d [234]° 2 81619. SO 7X 6p*(2 P!h)8/ 8/ [134] 1 84407. 70

3 81695. 16 7Y 2 84410. 41 5X 6p5(2 P^)6/ 6/ [134] 1 82190. 55 7Z

ft 8/ [434] 54 84419. 04

5Y 2 82195. 97

5Z

ft 6/ [434] 5 6s 5 6p5(2 Pi*)12s 12s [134]° 2 84423. 40

4 82218. 92 6s4 1 5U If 6/ [234] 3 82246. 73

6p42 5V 2 82251. 06 7Pt P!h)12p 12p [234] 2

7p8 3 84746. 35

5W 1

1

6/ [334] 3 82270. 68

4 7P7 12p [134] 1 7p 6 2 84767. 3

4s 5 4s 4 6p5

(

2 Pfo) 10s 10s [ 134]° 2

1 82211. 1882275. 97 8

d' 8d4 6p5

(2 Pfo) lid lid [334]° 4

3

84785. 83

84795. 53

5pio 6p5 (

2 Pfi^) lOp lOp [034] 1 82927. 18 8<7 3 Sd2

rt lid [134]° 2

1 84791. 24

5pfl

II 10p [24] 2 82953. 90 8d[ t r lid [2y2 ]° 2 84816. 50

5p8 3 83064. 98 8d[ 3 84833. 91 5p7 It lOp [134] 1 83079. 34

5p 8 2 83116. 71 6p5

( 2 Pf*)9/ 9/ [434] 5 8Z 4 84954. 68

5p 5

/ / lOp [034] 0 83203. 97

8U ft 9/ [234] 3

2 84960. 71

6d 8 6p5(2 P!M)9d 9d [034]° 0 83042. 53

6d 5 1 83096. 24

9c?4 6p42 P!«)12d 12d [334]° 4 85204. 47

1

1

9d [334]° 4 83172. 08 9d4 3 85210. 91

6d 4 3 83199. 40

6d 3 9d [134]° 83186. 66 6p5 (

2 Pf>$) 10/ 10/ [434] 5 ' ' 2 9Z 4 85322. 08

6c?2 1 83449. 38

6d[ ft 9d [234]° 2 83254. 04

6d[ 3 83297. 22 Rn ii(2 P?h) Limit 86692.

5

February 1955.
Rni

Observed

Levels*

230 HddO

tOAlg

COAlg

pHI tO

05I to

pH

CMQ

tl

ft

Al

g,g m

g, CO

op

g. g.

<N O

ft

COam

g, o

tl

Alg

PH

g,

AS 2 .22*0

c3 '^L to h£> g. P w iO

bo

m J p ^ lO O *£• «*

CO 2

<M^s « Tj<

g. CO oPh

g. CO

toAl

g, >

coAl

jgg o o o o

1>Al

^g,g,g

g- g- g.

r-H (M <N

1>Alg

05

o5

Ph

g, co d

o'd©

tnft

tHo

Ph*

co

00N

1=1 a

tf

cd

PiO

Sh

H-=O©

tooo

oTo§&<DCD +3<! oPM

SM

co

Clco CO^3

iO

CO*o

05co lO%*o

Th

etCo

"53 CO

CDCO«

oo CO

ccSh

<N

CM©

+5d

H-5> CD dJ

PI

piO

f-t o

PMM

PM

SM

co

-t-s • ® Y ©CD d ’(X3 rd H d d o g - ge a .. d g rdI? ^ d

pc o ^ ^ g

_,

© ^ 2 J M

©

nd i—i O w i—i HH cS« oL^ p d ^5

©

co

m

i-H •ij

r~ >“3d

p3 ^

cd - d

T3

© -^ d 3 ’43 «8 d © rd O a H-3 Ph Ma) 03 d © m a •§ 53 d© ^rd > .-S

CD ._

.2 w> © .2 -S

CD d # ©

Pd

-*3 -Ud

dP

+5 "3 'tj

m ^ 

s 0

_CD ©3 Msd © I—

H-3CD©

fcJD !M PCd

CD do

"d d § P £

CDd

rddV©dH d

CD d © _, rd

cd 1© -+P 'd 03 r

CD Ph

© O d ^ 2 O p ft, © •£ S d rd . S .s £

*r-l ^ © d P • 2 f § 1 1 - v. tail’s - S «H 45 03

l-H rj^ d d * CD

©

'* ^ O © M » d d ^ a M ®

-Z a -2 “ d 5 d v d

Fh rP^ © . . fold’s

gs.

d r~> cd g CO rb © cd dd &©&CD c .a © o © += .H<h PM’ O © H-5> 'd d© d © " d © ^

CD to Isag 8 §•!"

s^S’So a -&§> § § a

73

F? "g g M-S *g Ja © O „ © Eft o © >-. . tr*

CD

w ^ d? Ph ^ d c ^ 4:1 S d © rd <f£ s s !-• ^ S d 2 ^

,rH d © CD

©

rd CP H °9

toco dM °© © CD > SCO .245 .Ht g |t> gto

Interval

-30895.1

O’H 3 o’ l£? > C55 0) 00 d O

®o

l-H O O

_b£ Ph

CO

a> 0

g. CO

wow

Phw

PhW

P3 dO

Tf05

00

Tt< <N>©

Ph

>> Pha

vudW

PP

to

to

05

Ph
231

RADIUM

Ra I

88 electrons Z=88

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3 d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6 7

s

2 ! S0

7s2 J S0 42577.35 K I. P. 5.277 volts

The analysis is from Rasmussen, with the revisions suggested by Russell on the basis of

the comparison of Ra i with the analogous spectra Be i, Mg i, Ca i, Sr i, and Ba i. In the

first column of the table Rasmussen’s notation is entered. The changes in analysis can be

detected by comparing the designations in this column with those in column three.

There are 69 classified lines between 2955.65 A and 9932.21 A. Observed intersystem

combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

The limit is from the 3F° series. Rasmussen’s value has been increased by 627.66 K to agree with the revisions introduced by Russell in the connection between certain groups of

terms.

REFERENCES

E. Rasmussen, Zeit. Phys. 87 , 607 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 46, 989 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

Ra I Ra I

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

l*So 7s2 7s2 *S 0 0. 00 3 iD 2 7s (

2 S) 6d 6d J D 2 17081. 45

2 3 P„ 7s (2 S) Ip 7p

3 P° 0 18078. U 920. 94

2689. 16

2 iPj 7s(2 S) 7p 7p »P° 1 20715. 71

2 3 Pi 1 18999. 88

2 3 P2 2 16688. 5J,. 2

3 Si 7s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 26754. 05

3 3 Dj 7s (2 S) Qd 6d 3 D 1 13715. 85

278. 12

713. 38

dp 3 F2 6d(2 D) 7p 7p' 3 F° 2 28088. 05 2079 73

3

3 D 2 2 13993. 97 dp 3 F3 3 80117. 78 2250. 00

3

3 D3 3 14707. 35 dp 3F4 4 82367. 78
232

Ra I—Continued Ra I—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level

==

Interval

dp 4 D2 6d(2 D)7p 7p' 1 D° 2 80918. 14 3

3 Sj 7s(2 S)9s 9s 3 S 1 34475. 78

1

7s (2 S) Sp 8p

3 P° 0 81085. 88

477. 41

311. 15

4 3 F2 7s (2 S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 2 85255. 65

12. 37

26. 38 dp 3Pj 12 81568. 29

31874. 44

4 3 F3 4 3 F4 34

85268. 02

85294. 40

7p2 7p2 3 P 0 7s(2 S)6/ 6/ 3 F° 2 4 SDj 1 31248. 61

1692. 52 5

3 F3 3 87922. 26

7. 38 dd 3P2 2 32941. 13 5

3 F4 4 87929. 64

dd 3 P

7s(2 S)7d 7d 3 D 1 32000. 82 -7. 41

203. 87

7sf2 S)7/ 7J

3p° 2 4 3 D2 2 31993. 41 6

3 F3 3 89360. 96

6. 02 4 3 D3 3 32197. 28 6

3 F4 4 89866. 98

dd 7p2 7p2 iD 2 32214. 84 7

3 F2 7s(2 S)8/ 8/ 3 F° 2 40219. 5

0. 0

12. 1 7

3 F3 3 40219. 5

dp 3 Dt 6d(2 D)7p 7p' 3 D° 1 32229. 97

276. 62

690. 87

7

3 F4 4 40281. 58

dp 3 D2 2 82506. 59

dp 3 D3 3 4 Pi

3 83197. 46

7s (

2 S) 8p 8p »P° 1 32857. 68 Ra n(2 S0^) Limit 42577. 35

6d(2 D)7p 7p> sp° 0 83782. 41

41. 29

559. 21 dp 3 P2

1238823. 70

84382. 91

March 1955.

Ra i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s2 4p« 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p® +

Observed Terms

7s2

7p

2

7s(2 S)na;

6d(2 D)nx'

7s2 4 S

/ 7

p

2 3 P

\ 7p2 J D

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7) nd (n>6) n/ (n> 5)

|8, 9s 3 S

{

7, 8p 3 P°

7, 8p 1 P°

7p' 3 P° 7

p' 3 D° 7p' 3 F°

7p' 4 D°

6, 7d 3 D

6d 4 D

5-8/ 3 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ra i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.
(Fr i sequence; 87 electrons) Z=88

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4s

2 ±p6 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p8 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s

7s 2S0* 81842.31 K I. P. 10.144 volts

The analysis is by Rasmussen, who has classified 64 lines in the range 1888.7 A to 9453.57 A,

from observations made with a hollow-cathode source. The spectrum gives well-established

series of doublet terms. Rasmussen stresses the similarity of this spectrum and Ba n. Revised values of the 6/ 2F° term are from the infrared combination with 7d

2D given in the

later reference.

REFERENCES

E. Rasmussen, Zeit. Phys. 86, 24 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L) E. Rasmussen, Zeit. Phys. 87, 615 (1934). (C L)

Ra n Ra ii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6p8 (

x S)7s 7s 2 S 0/2 0. 00 6p6

(

x S) 10s 10s 2 S OH 66837. 88

6p8

(

x S)6d 6d 2 D 1H 12084. 38

1658. 73 6p8

(

x S)9d 9d 2 D 1H 68264 07

130. 79 2/ 13743. 11 2H 68394. 86

6p8 (

x S) 7p 7p

2 P° OH

VA

21351. 20

26208. 86 4857. 66 6p

8 (

x S)60 6# 2 G 3H, 4H 69560. 85

6p8

(

x S)lls 11s 2 S OH 71172. 92

6p8 (

x S)8s 8s 2 S oA 43405. 01

6p8 (

x S)7d 7d 2 D 1H

2H

48744. 04

49240. 48 496. 44

6p6 (

x S) 10<2 lOd 2 D 1H

2H

72043. 06

72123. 78 80. 72

6p8 (

x S)5/

6p8 (

x S)7{7 7g

2 G 3H, 4H 72824 37

5/ 2 F° 2H 48987. 98 284 33 3H 49272. 31 6p«(x S) lid lid 2 D 1H

2H

74434 04

74488. 51 54 47

6p8 (

x S) 8p 8p 2 P° 0/ 50606. 01

1786. 04

1H 52392. 05 6p8 (

x S)8{7 8^ 2 G 3H, 4H 74941. 91

6p8

(

1 S) 9s 9s 2 S OH 59165. 23 6p8 (

x S)12d 12d 2 D 1H

2H 76080. 74

6p8 (

1 S)6/ 6/ 2 F° 2H 59515. 48 300. 11 3H 69815. 59 6p8

(

x S) 9*7 9^ 2 G 3H, 4H 76393. 12 6p8 (

x S)8d 8d 2 D 1H

2H

61734. 88

61973. 82 238. 94 6p8 (

x S)lO0 10^ 2 G 3H, 4H 77431. 31

6pe

(

1 S)9p

6p8 (

x S) llgr 11g

2 G 3H, 4H 78195. 21 9p 2P° OH

1H 63410. 41 6p 64150. 65 8 (

1 S) 5g 5g 2 G

7/ 3 F°

3H, 4H

2H

Ra iii (

x So) Limit 81842. 31 6p8 (

1 S)7/ • 66521. 86

169. 36 3H 66691. 22

March 1955.
234

ACTINIUM

Ac I

89 electrons Z=89

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5p6 510 6s2 6p6 7s2 6d

2Diya

a

2Dm K I. P. volts

The observation, description, and analyses of the emission spectra of actinium have been

undertaken especially for inclusion here. The analysis is by Meggers, who has measured and

interpreted arc and hollow-cathode spectrograms made at the Argonne National Laboratory

by Fred and Tomkins. Thus far, 87 Ac i lines, with wavelengths ranging from 2968.82 A to 7866.10 A, have been classified as combinations among 40 energy levels. An estimated value

of z

2P^ is entered in brackets in the table. This term has not yet been found because of

the lack of infrared observations.

No series have been found. From a study of the screening constants, Finkelnburg and

Humbach have extrapolated an ionization potential of 6.9 ±0.6 volts.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers, M. Fred, and F. S. Tomkins, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41, 867 (A) (1951). (T)

M. Fred, F. S. Tomkins, and W. F. Meggers, Phys. Rev. 98, 1514 (L) (1955). (hfs) W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P)

W. F. Meggers, M. Fred, and F. S. Tomkins, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 58, 297, RP2763 (1957). (T) (C L)

Ac I Ac I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. ‘J Level Interval

6d 7s2 a

2 D ik 0. 00

2231. 43 6d 7s (a J D)7p y

2 D° IK 26066. 04 467. 12

2K 2231. 43 2K 26533. 16

6d2 (a 3 F)7s a

4 F IK 9217. 28

646. 31

1042. 43

1172. 05

6d 7s (a ! D)7p V

2 F° 2K 26836. 20

1732. 20

2K

3K

4%

9863. 59

10906. 02

12078. 07 Qd 7s(a ! D)7p x

2 P°

3K

OK

28568. 40

IK 30396. 61

7s2 (a *S)7p z

2 P° OK

b IK [10000 ±] Qd2 (a 3 F)7p z

4 G° 2K 31494. 68 724 94 p 3K 32219. 62

647! 77

562. 37 6d 7s(a 3 D)7

p

z

4 F° IK 13712. 90

1227. 82

2743. 15 4K 32867. 39

2K 14940. 72 5K 33429. 76

3K 17683. 87

4K 6d2 (a 3 F)7p IK 31800. 35

6d 7s (a 3 D)7p z

4 D° OK 17199. 71

1812. 75

2183. 41

2280. 07

6d2 (a 3 F) 7p 2K? 32495. 67

iK

2K

19012. 46

21195. 87 Qd2 (a 3 F)7p IK 32918. 40

3K 23475. 94

Qd2 (a 3 F) 7p IK 33673. 66

6d 7s(a 3 D)7

p

z

2 D° IK 17736. 26

214. 45 2K 17950. 71 6d 3K 2 (a 3 F)7p 33756. 48

6d 7s(a 3 D)7p z

4 P° OK 22401. 52

399. 58

1097. 76

Qd2 (a 3 F) 7p 3K 34360. 25

IK

2K

22801. 10

23898. 86 6d2 (a 3 F) 7p 2K 34658. 47

6d 7s (a 3 D)7p z

2 F° 2K

3K

23916. 84

24969. 30 1052. 46 6d2 (a 3 F)7p 4K 34788. 12

6d2 (a 3 F) 7p 4K 35870. 00

6d 7s (a *D)7p y

2 P° oy

iK

25729. 03

27009. 84

1280. 81

June 1957.
235

Ac i Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p8-

3(fio 4S

2 4p

8 4Jio 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s

2 6p

8 +

Observed Terms

6d 7s2 a

2 D

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7)

7s2 (a

6d 7s (a 3 D)nx

{

2

4 P° 2

4 D° 2

4 F°

y

2 P° 2

2 D° 22 F°

6<2 7s(a 1 D)nx x

2 P° y2 D° y2 F°

6d2 (a 3 F)nx a

4 F 2

4 G°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ac i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in,

Introduction.

Ac n

(Ra i sequence; 88 electrons) Z=89

Ground state Is2 2s

2 3s2 3p6 3d

10 4s2 4p* 4d

10 4/14 5s2 5p6 5d}° 6

s

2 6

p

6 7s2

a

lS0 97300 K . I. P. 12.1 volts

The analysis is by Meggers, who has measured and interpreted spark and hollow-cathode

spectrograms made at the Argonne National Laboratory by Fred and Tomkins. This work

has been carried out especially for inclusion here. Meggers has furnished manuscript in

advance of publication. He states that “The Ac n spectrum is more complex than Ac i because

the 5/-electron contributes many excited odd levels. Thus far, 226 Ac n lines with wavelengths from 2261.75 A to 7886.82 A have been classified as combinations of 27 even and 38

odd levels.”

Racah has suggested the ^'-coupling arrangement for the levels from the 5/(

2F°)7p configuration. The tentative LS-designations ascribed to these levels agree reasonably well

both with the intensities of the observed combinations and with the theory for 2-electron

spectra by Racah.

The limit is from the 7s(2S)7is series (n= 7, 8), and has been derived from a Rydberg

formula, corrected by analogy with Ra n. From a study of screening constants Finkelnburg

and Humbach interpolate an ionization potential of 11.5 ±0.4 volts.

REFERENCES

G. Racah, Physica 16, Nos. 7-8, 651 (1950).

W. F. Meggers, M. Fred, and F. S. Tomkins, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41, 867 (A) (1951). (T)

M. Fred, F. S. Tomkins, and W. F. Meggers, Phys. Rev. 98, 1514 (L) (1955). (hfs) W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955). (I P)

W. F. Meggers, M. Fred, and F. S. Tomkins, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 58, 297, RP2763 (1957). (I P) (T)

(C L)
236

Ac II Ac II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

7s2 a iS 0 0. 00 6(2(2 D)7p

y 1 F° 3 41937. 05

6c2(2 D)7s a 3 D 1234739. 63

5267. 16

7426. 52

527. 53

2159. 36

6c2(2 D)7p

6(2 (2 D) 5/

y 1 P° y 1 D° 12

44199. 94

44705. S3

6c2(2 D)7s a *D 2 9087. 54 6(2 (2 D) 5/ z 3 G° 3 45807. 06

1620. 61

1723. 87

960 64 6d2 a 3 F 234

13236. 46

14949. 21

16756. 90

1712. 75

1807. 69

6<2 (2 D) 5/

y 3 D° 451

47427. 67

49151. 54

48518. 41

6c22 2 49479. 05

580. 65

455 00 a 3 P 012

17737. 10

19015. 32

22199. 45

1278. 22

3184. 13

6(2 (2 D) 5/x 3P° 30

50059. 70

49780. 60 6d2 5 iD 2 19203. 02 12

50285. 60

51257. 61

1021. 91 6d2 a 'G 4 20848. 23 7s(2S)8s e 3 S 1 51680. 55

7s (2 S) 7p z 3 P° 012

20956. 40

22180. 52

81878. 87

1224. 12

9698. 35

6<2 (2 D) 5/

7s(2 S)8s

x 1 F° e iS 30

58255. SO

53374. 01

6e2(2 D)7p z 3 F° 2 26446. 96 4727 64 5/(2 F^)7p„* e 3 F 2 54633. 05 34

81174. 60

39119. 02 7944. 42 // e 3 G 3 54644. 11

7s(2 S)5/

y 3 F° 2 28201. 11

1679. 98

3084. 46 34

29881. 09

82965. 55

6(2 (2 D) 5/

x ‘P0 1 56152. 2 z 3 D°

5/(2 F3aH)7po* e 3 G 4 57683. 78

6c2(2 D)7p 1 29250. 40 4054. 56

3667. 98 23

33304. 96

36972. 94

ft e 3 D 3 57944. 57

7s (2 S) 7p z »P° 1 83388. 61 5/(2 F?*)7p1H e 3 F 3 59071. 9

6(2(2 D)7p z J D0 2 85897. 12 // e 3 D 2 59807. 51

7s(2 S)5/ z 1 F° 3 36144. 85 // e J G 4 59889. 05

6(2(2 D)7p y*P° 0 36780. 01

75. 49

1516. 14

// e 3 D 1 60063. 0

6(2 (2D) 5/ 12

36855. 50

38371. 64

5/(2 F3°*)7pik e iF 3 62350. 68 z 3 H° 4 89807. 14 1109. 27 56

40916. 41 n e 3 F 4 62869. 81

// e ! D 2 63581. 56

6<2 (2 D) 5/x 3 F° 2 41578. 57

1697. 28

1764. 45 34

43275. 85

45040. SO

// e 3 G 5 65392. 46

6(2 (2 D) 5/ z 1 G° 4 41627. 79

Ac hi (2 Son) Limit 97300

June 1957,
237

Ac ii Observed Terms*

Configuration

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

8 3d10 4<jj 4p

a 4^10 4/14 5

s

2 5p8 5d10 6s

2 6p8 +

Observed Terms

7s2 a iS

6d2 { a

3 P a 3 F

6

2 D a

! G

ns (n> 7) np (n> 7) nf (n> 5)

7s(2 S)rx

f e

3 S

\ e iS

1

O

£hPh O M

W

O 00O

6d(2 D)nx

{ a 3 D

a *D

O 00 Oo 00oo nn o IS x

3 P° y3 D° x3F° z3 G° 33 H°

x *P° y

1 D° x !F° 3 iG°

5/(2F°)nx

{

e

3 D e3 F e

3 G

e e

! F e1 G

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ra i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. in, Introduction.

Ac m

(Fr i sequence; 87 electrons) Z=8

9

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4

s

2 4^6 4d10 4/14 5s2 5^6 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s 2 Soh

7s 2 Soh K I. P. volts

The analysis is by Meggers, who first detected strong Ac hi fines on spark spectrograms

made at the Argonne laboratory by Fred and Tomkins. This work has been done especially

for inclusion here, and the results have been furnished in advance of publication.

Meggers has ascribed eight fines to Ac hi, in the range 2626.44 A to 5193.21 A, because

they appeared in the arcs only near the cathode, and were greatly enhanced and hazy in the

spark. He reports that two fines exhibit hyperfine components having a separation of 1.73 K,

which led him to conclude that they represent the combination from the ground state 7s 2S to 7p

2P°. Further observations over a longer spectral range are needed to extend the analysis.

By analogy with Ra n and Th iv Lang estimates an ionization potential near 20 volts.

REFERENCES

R. J. Lang, Canadian J. Research [A] 14, 46 (1936). (I P).

W. F. Meggers, M. Fred, and F. S. Tomkins, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41, 867 (A) (1951).

W. F. Meggers, M. Fred, and F. S. Tomkins, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 58, 297, RP2763 (1957). (T) (C L)

(hfs). Ac m Ac hi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6p«0S)7s 7s 2 S OH 0. 0 6p8

(

1 S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 2H

3H

2845A- 5

26080. 2

2625. 7 6pfl (

1 S) 6d 6d 2 D 1H 801. 0

3402. 9 2H 4203. 9 6p8 0S)7p 7p

2 P° OH 29465. 9

8597. 1 1H 88063. 0

June 1957.
238 Additions and Corrections, Volume I*

Page Spectrum Remarks

1 Hi

3 D

4 He i

Add references : C. J. Humphreys, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 50, 1 , RP 2380 (1953) (T) (CL);

Sixth series and other series members in far infrared. W. E. Lamb, Jr. and T. M. Sanders, Jr., Phys. Rev. [2] 103, 313 (1956); Fine structure of n=3. Add reference: G. Herzberg, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 234, 516 (1956); Fine structure. Add references: W. V. Houston, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 13, 91 (1927); Fine structure. C. J. Humphreys and H. J. Kostkowski, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, 73, RP 2345 (1952) (T)

(C L) ; Revised term values from infrared observations. G. Herzberg, Am. Assn. Adv. Sci.

Symposium (December 1957) (I P); Limit 198310.4 ±0.3; I. P. 24.581. T. H. Maiman and

W. E. Lamb, Jr., Phys. Rev. 98, 1194 (A) (1955); Fine structure. C. J. Humphreys and

E. Paul, Jr., U. S. Naval Ord Lab., NAVORD Report 4589, 25 (1956) (T) (CL); Infrared

observations. A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (1957) ; Revised level values based on

recent observations:

6

8

10

He I He I

Desig. J Level Desig. J Level

8s 3 S 1 196455. 68 13s 3 S 1 197625. 00

8s iS 0 196529. 03 13s J S 0 197641. 53

8d

3 D 3, 2, 1 196589. 26 13d iD 2 197655. 34

8d!D 2 196589. 73 13d 3 D 3, 2, 1 197655. 38

9s 3 S 1 196856. 29 14s 3 S 1 197720. 62

9s *S 0 196907. 13 14s JS 0 197733. 82

9d 3 D 3, 2, 1 196949. 41 14d J D 2 197744. 84

9d *D 2 196949. 63 14d 3 D 3, 2,1 197744 86

10s 3 S 1 197139. 53 15s 3 S 1 197797. 37

10s iS 0 197176. 32 15s J S 0 197808. 10

lOd 3 D 3, 2,1 197207. 05 15d iD 2 197817. 01 lOd J D 2 197207. 22 15d 3 D 3, 2,1 197817. 08

11s 3 S 1 197347. 13 16s 3 S 1 197860. 11 lid 3 D 3, 2, 1 197397. 63 16d *D 2 197875. 8? lld x D 2 197397. 84 16d 3 D 3, 2,1 197876. 17

12s 3 S 1 197503. 77 17s 3 S 1 197911. 78

12s »S 0 197524 83 17d 3 D 3, 2,1 197925. 16 12d 3 D 3, 2,1 197542. 55 18d 3 D 3, 2,1 197966. 4? 12d!D 2 197542. 69 19d 3 D 3, 2,1 198001. 2?

July 1957. He ii

Li i Li ii

J. E. Mack (letter, December 1953) states that the term 15s 2S, etc. should read 436958.026, etc., instead of 436957.026, etc. Add references: R. Wilson, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 113, 557 (1953); Series members

5g 2G—nh 2H°(n=13 to 34). G. W. Series, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 226, 377 (1954); Fine

structure. Add reference: K. Liden and N. Starfelt, Ark. Fys. 5, 127 (1952) (I P).

2s X S should read 491361 instead of [490079].

Add reference: H. Schuler, Zeit. Phys. 66, 431 (1930); Fine structure. *At the end of Volume II a list of corrections to Volume I was appended. These are not repeated, but additional revisions are given.
Additions and Corrections, Volume I*—Continued 239

Page Spectrum

12 Be i

14 Be hi

16 Bi

19 B iv

21 Ci

24 C ii 26 Cm

29 C iv

30 C v

32 Ni

35 Nil

43 N vi

45 Oi

47 On

50 O hi

59 O vii

66 F iv

75 F viii

83 Ne hi

84 Ne iv

Remarks

Add reference: W. R. Bozman, C. H. Corliss, W. F. Meggers and R. E. Trees, J. Research Nat.

Bur. Std. 50, 131, RP 2399 (1953) (T) (C L); Observed intersystem combination gives

x= — 1.18. Add reference: B. Edlen, Ark. Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Add references : H. E. Clearman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 373 (1952) (T) (C L). E. W. Burke, Jr. and J. E. Mack, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46, 100 (1956) (T).

Add reference: B. Edlen, Ark Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Limit should read 90814, I. P. 11.256.

Add references: B. Edlen, Accad. Naz. Lincei Volta Conv. (Rome) 11, 58 (1952) and unpublished material (September 1952); Wavelengths and revised term values. L. Minnhagen,

Ark. Fys. 7, No. 33, 413 (1954) (T) (C L).

Add reference: S. Glad, Ark. Fys. 7, No. 2, 7 (1954) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Add reference: K. Bockasten, Ark. Fys. 9, No. 30, 457 (1955) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised

analysis: Revised limit is 386213.9, I. P. 47.871; z=+51.7.

Add reference: K. Bockasten, Ark Fys. 10, No. 40, 567 (1956) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised

analysis.

Add reference: B. Edl4n, Ark. Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

The term 3s'

2D is unresolved and should read 99663. The lack of resolution has been pointed

out by J. C. Boyce in private conversation.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L)

:

2p

3 2D°^ should read 19223.9

2D°y2 should read 19233.1

Limit should read 117214, I. P. 14.53.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955). (C L)

K. B. Eriksson, unpublished material reported by B. Edl4n (March 1957); Revised analysis:

Revised limit is 238751.1 ±1, I. P. 29.593; x= —382.6. 4p *So should read 206911.0.

Add reference: B. Edl4n, Ark Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Add references: D. O. Davis and K. W. Meissner, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43, 510 (1953) Fine

structure. G. Kvifte, Ark. Mat. o Naturvidenskab (Oslo) [B] 52, 65 (1954) (T) (C L);

Series extended. I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Limit should read 283244, I. P. 35.108.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Limit should read 442807, I. P. 54.886.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: B. Edl4n, Ark. Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Limit should read 703020, I. P. 87.14.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: B. Edl4n, Ark. Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Add references: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L):

2

p

4 3PX should read 642.9

2

p

4 *D 2 should read 25840.8

W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P) : Interpolated ionization

potential 63.5 ±0.1.

Limit should read 782768, I. P. 97.02.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L):

2p3 2D2 h reads 40950 -\-x „

2D°^ should read 4.0995

2p

3 2Poh should read 62150 -}-x . 2P° H should read 62157 -\-x

2p* 2D should read 253799-\- x no

2D°^ should read 253822-\-x

Other doublet terms should be revised accordingly.

•At the end of Volume II a list of corrections to Volume I was appended. These are not repeated, but additional revisions are given.
240 Additions and Corrections, Volume I*—Continued

Page

86

89

96

98

106

108

114

117

123

135

136

143

144

147

148

156

157

163

164

*At

Spectrum

Ne v Na i Na v Navi

Mg i Mg ii Mg vi

Mg vn

Mg xi

A1 vn

A1 vm

A1 xn

Si i

Si ii

Remarks

Limit should read 1018634, I. P. 126.3.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: P. Risberg, Ark. Fys. 10, No. 41, 583 (1956) (I P) (T) (C L) (G D); Revised

analysis.

Limit should read 116312, I. P. 138.37.

Limit should read 1388419, I. P. 172.09.

Add reference: R. A. Fisher and F. E. Eshbach, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43, 1030 (1953) (T) (C L);

Revised term values from near infrared observations.

Add reference: P. Risberg, Ark. Fys. 9, No. 31, 483 (1955) (I P) (T) (C L) (G D); Revised

analysis.

Limit should read 1504581, I. P. 186.49.

Limit should read 1814430, I. P. 224.90.

Add reference: B. Edlen, Ark. Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

Limit should read 1947390, I. P. 241.38.

Limit should read 2295500, I. P. 284.53.

Add reference: B. Edl6n, Ark Fys. 4, No. 28, 441 (1952) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

A. G. Shenstone, private communication (October 1957) reports following new terms:

99. 5

152. 2

-73.8

-47.7

He suggests also, that the term designated 3p

3 3 D° (48399.15 etc.) be deleted, and that the

series terms nd 3 D°(n=4 to 8) have n decreased by 1, (n =3 to 7), since the lowest 3 D°

term has the configuration 3s 3p

3

. Add references: M. A. El’yashevich and O. N. Nikitina, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 111, No. 2,

325 (1956); Phys. Abstr. 60, No. 713, 383 (1957) (T) (C L) ; Report 3s 3p3 5S2° 33326.28.

C. C. Kiess (July 1957), confirms the term 3s 3p3 6S2 from two Si i lines he has measured at 3020. 020A (20) and 3006. 738A (10). The term designated 3 d

3D° (45276.20 etc.) should have

the configuration 3s op3

. A. G. Shenstone and S. L. Blatt, letter (Dec. 1957) report the following terms:

3s 3p

3 5S°2 33326.16

3s 3p2

(

4P)4s 5 Pi 81724.8

S P2 81824.3

S P3 81976.5

3s 3p2

(

4P)3d 6P3 94292.3

6 P2 94366.1

5P1 94413.8

3P

2 por m 0.00

2p 287.45

3p

2 4 p0 * 42824.39

4p1 m 42932.91

4p1 2'A 43108.08

287. 45

108. 52

175. 17

4p 4P0jj

4P1*

4P**

134017.4

134079.7

134214.0

62.3

134.3

4p 134906.0

x is, therefore, approximately —1257 and the values of the quartet terms should be revised

to fit the above data.

Si hi B. Edlen, letter (July 1956) notes that the 3p

2 J D and 3d X D terms are dubious.

Si viii Limit should read 2445110, I. P. 303.07.

Si ix Limit should read 2831470, I. P. 350.96.

Pi Add reference: W. C. Martin, Dissertation, Princeton University (June 1956) (I P) (T)

(C L); Revised analysis: Limit 84580, I. P. 10.484.

P ii Add reference: W. C. Martin, Dissertation, Princeton University (June 1956) ; Revised analysis:

Limit 159100, I. P. 19.72; x= -6753. 2. the end of Volume II a list of corrections to Volume I was appended. These are not repeated, but additional revisions are given.
Additions and Corrections, Volume I*—Continued 241

Page Spectrum

166 P hi

168 P IV

174 P IX

176 P X

181 Si

183 S ii

185 S hi

194 S x

195 Cl I

199 Cl III 201 Cl IV

210 Cl xi

211 Ar i

218 At hi

220 Ar iv

222 Ar v

225 Ar ix

226 Ar xiv

Remarks

Add reference: W. C. Martin, unpublished material (February 1957); Revised wavelengths

and term values;

4d

2D2 ^ should read 172428. 63 ..

2DIJ4 should read 172429. 40

Add4p 4D2H 207036.2

4D3H 207361.6

d

W. C. Martin, letter (July 1957); Revised analysis: delete 3d 1D° and 5p 8P°.

Limit should read 2997600, I. P. 371.6.

Limit should read 3423000, I. P. 424.3.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L)

:

3p3 2D°h should read 1 4853. 0

2D 2H should read I4884. 8

3p

3 2Pqy2 should read 24524- 9

7

2P°34 should read 24-571. 6

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Limit should read 3606000?, I. P. 447.0?.

Add reference: S. AveMn, Ark. Fys. 8, No. 3, 211 (1954) (I P) (T) (C L) : 3p

h 2P°^ should

read 882.50 ; Limit should read 104995. 46. Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L) : 3p

3 2D2H should read 18118.6.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P) : From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 530.9 ±0.2.

Add references: C. J. Humphreys and H. J. Kostkowski, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, 73,

RP 2345 (1952) (C L) ; Infrared observations. T. A. Littlefield and D. T. Turnbull, Proc.

Roy. Soc. London [A] 218, 577 (1953) (T) (C L). K. Burns and K. B. Adams, J. Opt. Soc.

Am. 43, 1020 (1953) (T) (C L); Revised level values. G. H. Dieke and H. M. Crosswhite,

Ordnance Project No. TB 2-0001 (488) 38 pp. (1954) (C L); Bibliography, wavelength list, intensities. C. J. Humphreys and E. Paul, Jr., U. S. Naval Ord. Lab., NAVORD Report

4589, 40 (1956) (T) (C L) ; Infrared observations.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L)

:

3p

i 3Pi should read 1112. 1 3p

A j D2 should read 14010. 0

3

p

4 % should read 33265. 7 Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L) : 3p

3 2D°y2 should read 21090. 8

9

2D2 h should read 21219. 5

3p

3 2P°h should read 84855. 4 77

2P°y2 should read 85032. 7

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L) : new term 3^»

2 37914.

Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P) : From

screening constants interpolated I. P. is 422.6 ±0.2.

Add reference: B. Edl6n, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 114, 700 (1954) (T); Interval of

ground term of A xiv should read 22657, derived from the coronal line observed at X4412.4A,

which replaces X4359 previously identified as [A xiv].

At the end of Volume II a list of corrections to Volume I was appended. These are not repeated, but additional revisions are given.
242 Additions and Corrections, Volume I*—Continued

Page Spectrum Remarks

227 Ki Add reference: P. Risberg, Ark. Fys. 10, No. 41, 594 (1956) (I P) (T) (C L) (G D); Revised

analysis.

233 Kiv Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L):

3p4 xD2 should read 16384. 0

3p4

S0 should read 38546

234 K v Add references: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 82.6 ±0.4.

I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L)

3p

3 2~D°y2 should read 24012. 7

2D

°

2 y2 should read 24-24-9. 5

245 Ca ii Add reference: B. Edlen and P. Risberg, Ark. Fys. 10, No. 39, 553 (1956) (I P) (T) (C L)

(G D) ; Revised analysis.

249 Ca v Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L) : 3

p

4 3 Pi should read 2406. 0

3p4 X D2 should read 18830. 1 251 Ca vi Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 109 ±1.

253 Ca viii Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 143.3 ±0.4.

258 Ca xv Add reference: B. Edlen, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 114, 700 (1954) (T): From coronal

observations, ground term of Ca xv is

V3P 0 0

17556

1 17556

2 35911

8355

259 Sc i Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P):

Revised limit 52750, I. P. 6.54.

263 Sc hi Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

267 Sc vii Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 139 ±1.

268 Sc viii I. S. Bowen in conversation (July 1953) has noted that the analysis is incorrect.

273 Ti i Add references: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P):

Revised limit 55010, 1. P. 6.82. A. K. Wardakee, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 354 (1955) (C L).

281 Ti hi Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

The «7-value for e

3 S should read “1”.

287 Ti vm I. S. Bowen in conversation (July 1953) has noted that the analysis is incorrect.

Add reference: W. Finkelnburg u W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 172 ±1.

288 Ti x Add reference: W. Finkelnburg u W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 216.9±0.6.

301 Viii Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

XXXVI Sc i sequence

For configurations having F-limit terms, under “nf* add S° and P° as predicted terms; for those

having G-limit terms, add P° and D° as predicted terms.

*At the end of Volume II a list of corrections to Volume I was appended. These are not repeated, but additional revisions are given.

Note Added in Proof

124 Al/i B. Edl6n (letter, February, 1958) states that the term 38929.42 etc. designated 4<2 2 D should be assigned to

3s 3p2

, and, consequently, the n-values for all higher nd 2 D terms should be decreased by one unit. Add reference: B. Eld6n, Phys. Rev. 63, 434 (1942) (T): 3s 3p5 266 Sc vi 224474-
1

10

14

27

32

40

41

49

55

60

66

67

69

Additions and Corrections, Volume II 243

Remarks

Add references: C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 51, 247, RP 2457 (1953) (I P) (T)

(C L) (Z E). P. Brix, J. T. Eisinger, H. Lew, and G. Wessel, Phys. Rev. [2] 92, 647 (1953)

(ZE).

In the array of observed terms the second entry under “Config.” should read 3d3 4s2 instead of

3d? 4s. G. Racah (1953) has suggested that the configuration of the term c

4P should read 3cP{b 3P)4s

instead of 3d? 4s2. Add references: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

F. L. Moore, Jr. (Thesis, Princeton 1949), Univ. Microfilm Publ. No. 10, 972, 172 pp.;

Dissertation Abstract (Ann Arbor, Mich.) 15, 432 (1955) (I P) (T) (C L).

Add references: M. A. Catalan, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 502, RP 2278 (1951) (Z E).

M. L. Espinosa, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 223 (1952) (Z E).

M. A. Catalan (1953) in private conversation has suggested that the term c

4F is somewhat

dubious.

Add references: R. E. Trees, Phys. Rev. [2] 83, 756 (1951): Notes that the configurations of a

3 G and b

3 G as published in “AEL” should be interchanged in accordance with Curtis’

1952 paper. O. Garcia-Riquelme, L. Iglesias, y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 53, 77

(1957) (I P) (T) (C L). L. Iglesias, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46, 449 (1956); 47, 852 (1957) (T)

(C L) (E D).

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add references : M. A. Catal&n y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

B. Edlen, Trans. Intern. Astron. Union 9, 219 (1955) (T); Revised term values. J. Blackie

and T. A. Littlefield, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 234, 398 (1956) (C L).

Add reference: M. Sales, An. Real.. Soc. Esp. [A] 49, 15 (1953) (T) (C L) (E D).

Add references: R. E. Trees, Phys. Rev. [2] 84, 1089 (1951) (T). I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L). S. Glad, Ark. Fys. 10, No. 22, 291 (1956) (I P) (T) (C L) (E D);

Extension of analysis.

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L).

Add reference: I. S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L) : The following terms should

read: a

4F 1

K

0.0

2 k 510.9

3 k 1189

4K 2002

a

4P o k 18738.1

IK 18943

2K 19612

a

2 G 3K 20617

4K 21315

Add reference: I. S. Bowe

read

:

a

3F 2 0.0

3 1050.2

4 2326

a'D 2 17474.3

a

3P 1 20428.5

2 21270

510.9

678

813

205

669

698

S. Bowen, Astroph. J. 121, 306 (1955) (C L) : The following terms should

1050.2

1276

842
244 Additions and Corrections, Volume II—Continued

Page Spectrum Remarks

78 Co i Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P):

Limit should read 63430.

The configuration assignments of b

2D and b

2G should be interchanged.

85 Co hi Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

103 Ni hi Add references: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

A. G. Shenstone, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44, 749 (1954) (I P) (T) (C L); Revised analysis.

0. Garcia-Riquelme, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 51, 59 (1955) (C L) (E D).

111 Cu i Add reference: K. Murakawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 11, No. 7, 774 (1956) (hfs).

121 Cu hi Add reference: M. A. Catal&n y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

124 Zn i Add reference: W. R. S. Garton and A. Rajaratnam, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 68, 1107

(1955) (T) (C L) : Suggests that the level at 80795 should have the designation 4p

2 3P2 . 128 Zn hi Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

130 Ga i Add reference: W. R. S. Garton, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 65, 268 (1952) (T) (C L).

133 Ga in Add reference: M. A. Catalan y R. Velasco, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 247 (1952) (I P).

135 Ge i Add references: G. V. Deverall, K. W. Meissner, and G. J. Zissis, Phys. Rev. [2] 95, 1463 (1954)

(T) (C L) ; Precision measurements. R. D. Van Veld and K. W. Meissner, J. Opt. Soc. Am.

46, 598 (1956) (T) (C L). K. L. Andrew and K. W. Meissner, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 47, 850 (1957)

(T) (C L): Report new term: 4s 4p* 41926.726.

144 As ii A. M. Crooker and R. E. Bedford, unpublished material (December 1955) (I P) (T) (C L);

Revised analysis: Limit should read 150290, I. P. 18.63.

146 As hi Add references : R. E. Bedford and A. M. Crooker, Phys. Rev. [21 96, 845 (A) (1954) (T); unpublished material (1955) (I P) (T) : Limit should read 228670, I. P. 28.34.

147 As iv Add reference: R. E. Bedford and A. M. Crooker, Phys. Rev. [2] 96, 845 (A) (1954) (T).

156 Se v Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 68.3 ±0.1.

159 Br i J. L. Tech, unpublished material (July 1957^ (T) (CL) (Z E) : Reports new description and

analysis of the spectrum being made at the National Bureau of Standards by J. L. Tech

and C. H. Corliss.

163 Br hi Add reference: Y. B. Rao, Indian J. Phys. 30, 371 (1956) (T).

164 Br iv Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 47.3.

165 Br v Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 59.7 ±0.1.

166 Br yi Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 88.6 ±0.2.

167 Br vii Add reference: W. Finkelnburg und W. Humbach, Naturwiss. 42, 35 (1955) (I P): From

screening constants, interpolated I. P. is 103.0 ±0.4.
Additions and Corrections, Volume II—Continued 245

Page Spectrum Remarks

169 Kr i Add reference: C. J. Humphreys and E. Paul, Jr., U. S. Naval Ord. Lab., NAVORD Report

4600, 29 (1957) (T) (C L); Infrared observations.

In 1952 ref., page no. 73 should be inserted. The level at 105989.60 should have the e/-values

4,5.

Add reference : H. Kopfermann, A. Steudel, und J. O. Trier, Zeit. Phys. 144, 9 (1956) (hfs);

Fine structure, corrections to analysis.

184 Rb ii

191 Sr ii The designations for the 2G series should have n increased by 1, i. e. n=5 to 11. 196 Yi Add references: M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 328 (1952) (I P):

Revised limit 51447, I. P. 6.38. L. F. H. Bovey, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 68, 79 (1955)

(C L) ; Infrared observations.

199 Y ii Add references: M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 328 (1952) (I P)

:

Revised limit 98690, I. P. 12.23. L. F. H. Bovey, Proc. Phys. Soc. London [A] 68, 79 (1955)

(C L) ; Infrared observations.

201 Y hi Add reference: M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 53, 85 (1957) (I P):

Revised limit 165500, I. P. 20.51.

205 Zn Add reference: M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 328 (1952) (I P)

:

Revised limit 55145, I. P. 6.84. The level y

3 G° 3694-1.65 has Obs. <7=0.87.

209 Zr ii Add references : C. C. Kiess, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43, 1024 (1953) (T) (C L); Extension of analysis

from infrared observations; revises 4^ d

2D to read:

d

2D 2K 27640.60 , Q

1 % 27699. 96

59 ' 36

M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, letter (December 1956) : revised limit should read 105900,

I. P. 13.13.

212 Zr hi Add references: C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 56, 167, RP 2663 (1956) (I P) (T)

(C L) (Z E) ; Revised analysis. M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 53, 85

(1957) (I P) : Revised limit 185400, I. P. 22.98.

213 Zr iv Add reference: C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 56, 167, RP 2663 (1956) (I P) (T)

(C L) (G D); Revised analysis: Limit should read 276970, 1. P. 34.33.

214 Zr vi C. C. Kiess in conversation (September 1955) has reported the analysis incorrect.

216 Nbi Add reference: M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 48, 328 (1952) (I P):

Revised limit 55511, I. P. 6.88.

221 Nb ii Add reference: M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, letter (December 1956): Revised limit should

read 115500, I. P. 14.32.

223 Nb hi Add references: L. Iglesias, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 50, 135 (1954) (T) (C L); Analysis ex- tended from ultraviolet observations. L. Iglesias, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45, 856 (1955) (I P)

(T) (C L); Revised analysis. M. A. Catalan y F. R. Rico, An. Real. Soc. Esp. [A] 53, 85

(1957) (I P) : Revised limit 202000, I. P. 25.04. XVIII Nil

sequence

For configurations having F-limit terms, under unf’ add S° and P° as predicted terms; for those

having G-limit terms, add P° and D° as predicted terms. Similarly, under “ng”, for F-limit

terms, add P and D as predicted terms; and for those having G-limit terms, add S, P, D, F

as predicted terms.

130 Ga i

202 Yv

Note Added in Proof

B. Elden (letter, February 1958) states that the n-values for n/ 2 F° terms should be increased as follows: 4 to

5, 5 to 7; 6 to 8; 7 to 9. The terms 4/ 2 F° and 6/ 2 F° are still missing. B. Edl6n (letter, March 1958) reports the analysis incorrect.
.

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NBS-NSRDS 35, Vol. Ill

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4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Atomic Energy Levels as Derived from the Analyses of Optical

Spectra. Vol. Ill, 42Mo to 57La; 72Hf to 89Ac

3. Recipient s Accession No.

5. Publication Date December

6. Performing Organization Code

7. AUTHOR(S)

Charlotte E. Moore

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This series of three volumes is a critical compilation of atomic energy levels

prepared at the National Bureau of Standards from the analyses of optical spectra.

Volume I contains data on the spectra of hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, helium,

lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium,

magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, argon, potassium,

calcium, scandium, titanium, and vanadium ( H to V) , Volume II covers the

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germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, krypton, rubidium, strontium, yttrium,

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