MCWP 3-40.5

 Electronic Warfare

U.S. Marine Corps 

PCN 143 000104 00 

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Headquarters United States Marine Corps

Washington, D.C. 20380-1775

10 Sep

FOREWORD

Marine Corps Warfighting Publication (MCWP) 3-40.5, Electronic W

provides doctrine for the employment and use of electronic warfare i

the Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF). Electronic warfare doctr

a basis for—

 Effective integration of electronic warfare within the MAGTF.

 Coordination and cooperation with joint force components, particu

effective employment of electronic warfare resources.

 Operational, procedural, and technical interoperability at the opera

tactical level.

 The exchange of electronic warfare information and intelligence b

United States forces and allied nations or multinational partners.

This publication provides an overview of electronic warfare doctrine 

also discusses electronic warfare structure within MAGTF, joint, and 

multinational operations. This publication is intended for any Marine 

the planning and execution of electronic warfare operations. 

MCWP 3-40.5 supersedes Fleet Marine Force Manual (FMFM) 7-12

Warfare, dated 20 May 1991.

Reviewed and approved this date.

BY DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CO

EDWARD HANLON, JR.

Lieutenant General, U.S. Marine Corps

Commanding General

Marine Corps Combat Development Command

Quantico, Virginia

Publication Control Number: 143 000104 00
Electronic Warfare

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Overview

Electronic Warfare Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Spectrum Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Chapter 2. Command and Control

Control Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Coordination Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Operations Staff (G-3/S-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Intelligence Staff (G-2/S-2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Communications-Electronic Staff (G-6/S-6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Information Operations Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Operations Control and Analysis Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Chapter 3. Planning

Planning Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Request and Approval of EW Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Staffing, Coordination, and Approval of the Electronic Warfare Plan 

Electronic Warfare Elements of the Operation Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Planning Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Spectrum Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
p

Expeditionary Electronic Warfare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Ground Electronic Warfare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Airborne Electronic Warfare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Functional Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Support Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Attack Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Protection Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Reprogramming Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electromagnetic Deception Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint-Suppression of Enemy Air Defense Considerations . . . . . . . 

Chapter 4. Joint and Multinational Operations

Joint Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Force Staff of the Joint Task Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Task Force Component Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Commander’s Electronic Warfare Staff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Operations Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Intelligence Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Frequency Management Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Targeting Coordination Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Multinational Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Multinational Force Commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Multinational J-3 Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Coordination Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Mutual Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Other Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Chapter 5. MAGTF Electronic Warfare Capabilities

Radio Battalion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

RadBn Electronic Attack Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
q

Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

VMAQ Electronic Attack Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Chapter 6. External Support Activities

Joint Information Operations Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Spectrum Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint Warfare Analysis Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

National Security Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Joint COMSEC Monitoring Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Defense Information Systems Agency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Marine Corps Information Technology

and Network Operations Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix A. Joint Electronic Warfare Reports

EW Mission Summary (EWMSNSUM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Employment Message (EWEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Approval Message (EWAM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tactical Report (TACREP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Requesting/Tasking Message (EWRTM) . . . . . . . 

Tactical ELINT Report (TACELINT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

EA Data Message (EADAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SIGINT/EA Planning/Coordinating Message (SIEPCM) . . . . . . . . . . 

ELINT Requirement Tasking Message (ERTM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Air Support Request (AIRSUPREQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Air Request Jammer (AIRREQJAM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Frequency Deconfliction

Message (EWDECONFLICT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
g, , g, 

Feeder Report (MIJIFEEDER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sensitive Information Report (SIREP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Stop Jamming Message (STOP JAMMING) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix B. Electronic Warfare Tab Format

Appendix C. Glossary

Appendix D. References
Overview

As the modern battlespace has become more sophisticated, military o

are executed in an increasingly complex electromagnetic environmen

military forces use the electromagnetic spectrum to detect and identif

forces and to perform communications, surveillance, and weapons sy

operations, both military forces and civilians use the electromagnetic 

for communications, navigation, information gathering, processing, s

reporting. This overlapping usage of the electromagnetic spectrum co

the military’s use of its electronic equipment and the military’s gathe

security of military information. 

Successful military operations now greatly depend on control of the 

electromagnetic spectrum. The force that can deprive the enemy the u

electromagnetic spectrum, exploit the enemy’s use of the electromagne

to obtain information for its own purposes, and control the electromag

spectrum will have an important advantage. During a conflict, all com

attempt to dominate the electromagnetic spectrum by targeting, exploi

disrupting, degrading, deceiving, damaging, or destroying their oppon

electronic systems that support their military operations. Electronic wa

includes “any military action involving the use of electromagnetic and 

energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the enemy

Publication [JP] 1-02) Electronic warfare is an important part of a mili

commander’s arsenal of weapons. It allows a commander to provide e

warfare support (ES), electronic attack (EA), and electronic protection 

ELECTRONIC WARFARE SUPPORT

Electronic warfare support (ES) is the “division of electronic warfare 

actions tasked by, or under direct control of, an operational command

for, intercept, identify, and locate or localize sources of intentional an

unintentional radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of imm

recognition, targeting, planning and conduct of future operations.” (J

ES intelligence collection effort—

 Is used in peace, crisis, and war, which contributes to the building 

intelligence database for planning and operations.
, yg, gggg 

 Exploits an enemy’s electromagnetic emissions and may provide inf

on enemy capabilities and intentions.

 Is covert and passive.

 Is a nonintrusive method of intelligence collection.

Electronic warfare support systems provide immediate threat recogniti

a source of information for immediate decisions involving electronic a

electronic protection, avoidance, targeting, and other tactical employm

forces. Electronic warfare support systems collect data and produce inf

or intelligence that can be used to—

 Corroborate other sources of information or intelligence.

 Direct EA operations.

 Initiate self-protection measures.

 Task weapon systems for physical destruction.

 Support EP efforts.

 Create or modify EW databases.

 Support information operations (IO) activities.

Electronic warfare support data can be used to produce signals intellige

(SIGINT), provide targeting for electronic or destructive attack, and pr

measurement and signature intelligence. Electronic warfare support an

both involve searching for, intercepting, identifying, and locating sourc

intentional or unintentional radiated electromagnetic energy. The prima

differences between the two are the detected information’s intended us

degree of analytical effort expended, the detail of information provided

timelines required. Electronic warfare support is conducted for immedi

recognition and provides information required for immediate tactical d

Signals intelligence is used to gain information concerning the enemy, 

response to an intelligence requirement. See MCWP 2-15.2, Signals In

for more information.

ELECTRONIC ATTACK

Electronic attack (EA) is “that division of electronic warfare involving 

electromagnetic energy, directed energy, or antiradiation weapons to at

personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neutral

destroying enemy combat capability and is considered a form of fires.” 
yppgp g

jamming. Electronic attack also includes various electromagnetic dec

techniques such as false target or duplicate target generation.

Directed energy is “an umbrella term covering technologies that relat

production of a beam of concentrated electromagnetic energy or atom

subatomic particles.” (JP 1-02) A directed-energy weapon is a system 

“directed energy primarily as a direct means to damage or destroy an 

equipment, facilities, and personnel.” (JP 1-02)

Antiradiation weapons are weapons that use radiated energy emitted 

target as their mechanism for guiding onto a targeted emitter (e.g., hi

antiradiation missile system [HARM]).

ELECTRONIC PROTECTION

Electronic protection (EP) is “that division of electronic warfare invol

and active means taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment 

effects of friendly or enemy employment of electronic warfare that de

neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability.” (JP 1-02) In comba

protection includes, but is not limited to, the application of good train

sound procedures for countering enemy electronic attack. United Stat

(operators, users, and planners) must understand the enemy threat and 

vulnerability of our electronic equipment to enemy EA efforts and en

appropriate actions are taken to safeguard our equipment from attack

US forces, electronic protection must minimize an enemy’s opportuni

successful ES and EA operations against US forces; therefore, it is ne

 Regularly brief the EW threat to force personnel.

 Provide training on appropriate EP responses.

 Ensure that electronic system capabilities are safeguarded during e

workups, and pre-crisis training.

The technical aspects of EP must be considered when equipment acq

programs are initiated. Equipment should be designed to limit inhere

vulnerabilities. Additionally, these programs must be reviewed when 

vulnerabilities are detected.

Electronic protection measures include the selection of a scheme of m

that will minimize friendly electronic emissions that the enemy can in

disrupt using his ES and EA capabilities. Electronic protection can be 

accomplished through numerous methods; for example, a simple sch
, y pg 

silence or emission control (EMCON) procedures, by selecting avenue

approach that interposes terrain between friendly transmitters and enem

intercept stations. Electronic protection also includes measures to mini

vulnerability of friendly receivers to enemy jamming; for example, red

power, brevity of transmissions, and directional antennas. 

SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT

Spectrum management plays a key role in the successful planning and 

of electronic warfare. Spectrum management includes “planning, coord

and managing joint use of the electromagnetic spectrum through opera

engineering, and administrative procedures. The objective of spectrum 

management is to enable electronic systems to perform their functions 

the intended environment without causing or suffering unacceptable 

interference.” (JP 1-02) Electronic warfare staff personnel have a majo

to perform in the dynamic management of the electromagnetic spectrum 

during operations. Electronic warfare management activities are coord

and deconflicted through the electronic warfare coordination cell (EWC

The EWCC’s primary mechanism for spectrum management is the rest

frequency list (RFL), which identifies friendly and enemy frequencies 

cannot be jammed for various reasons. For further guidance on electromagnetic spectrum use, see Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Instruction (CJCSI) 3320.01, Electromagnetic Spectrum Use in Joint 

Military Operations. For specific guidance on reporting and controlling 

electromagnetic interference, see CJCSI 3320.02A, Joint Spectrum Inte

Resolution (JSIR).
Command and Control

The commander is the focal point for the conduct of operations, and 

the central coordinating authority. Electronic warfare falls under the 

cognizance of the staff operations officer (G-3/S-3). The commander 

are supported by the EWCC. The EWCC—if it is established—plans

synchronizes, coordinates, and deconflicts all EW operations for the 

The EWCC’s composition is dictated by the size of the force, the mis

available EW resources. Although electronic warfare is coordinated t

EWCC, individual EW units have responsibilities that include—

 Developing an EW concept of operations.

 Planning and coordinating EW-related activities.

 Developing supporting plans.

 Supporting the operational maneuver of the MAGTF.

 Synchronizing ES, EA, and EP activities.

The staffs of individual EW units are assigned EW functions in order 

commander in his planning and conduct of EW operations. Comman

their staffs must ensure that thorough and continuous coordination is 

to ensure that electronic warfare employed against an enemy threat w

unacceptably degrade friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum. 

CONTROL TASKS

Control of EW operations is essential; it allows optimal friendly use 

electromagnetic spectrum while targeting the enemy in a manner that 

the operational scheme of maneuver. However, control may become 

manage during joint operations or operations involving the participat

forces. Electronic warfare is broadly controlled by establishing meas

ensure the coordination of EW activities between forces; establishing 

to monitor the execution of EW activities; and finally, by establishing 
p, 

recommend and implement changes. Electronic warfare control tasks i

the following:

Coordinating EW operations

 Coordinate actions and operations within the parameters of the 

designated authority.

 Direct action within established timelines and conditions.

 Coordinate actions and operations, where lines of authority and resp

overlap or conflict in order to advise units of adjacent or related acti

operations, direct supporting operations, and resolve conflicts. 

 Coordinate/deconflict EA operations with the joint restricted frequen

 list (JRFL).

 Coordinate with planned IO, to include deception, destruction, psych

operations, and operations security (OPSEC).

 Coordinate continuing administrative, logistic, communications, and 

agency support for EW operations.

Monitoring EW operations

 Monitor ES operations:

Execute operational tasking authority, in accordance with SIGINT

Provide information or feedback for analysis of the effectiveness 

Monitor dissemination of electronic warfare support to support el

attack and electronic protection.

 Monitor EA operations:

Maintain positive control of EA operations.

Ensure integration with the targeting process.

 Monitor EP operations:

OPSEC assessment and OPSEC plan.

Communications security (COMSEC) monitoring operations.

EW reprogramming, as required.

Assessing effectiveness of EW operations

 Electronic warfare support:

Search for, intercept, identify, and locate sources of radiated 

electromagnetic energy.
gpp

decisions involving electronic attack, electronic protection, avo

targeting, or other tactical employment of forces.

 Electronic attack:

Focus on offensive use of the electromagnetic spectrum to direc

attack enemy combat capability.

Coordinate EW with military deception plans (timing, message

back mechanism).

Use directed energy and antiradiation missiles.

 Electronic protection:

Protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from effects of frien

enemy electronic warfare.

Employ COMSEC measures.

Employ EMCON measures.

Employ wartime reserve modes. 

Reassess operational and tactical measures and countermeasure

Coordinate EW reprogramming.

Maintaining EW estimate

 Review/revise EW course of action (COA) in support of current an

future operations:

Coordinate with G-2/S-2 and G-6/S-6.

Integrate electronic warfare into the targeting cycle.

Integrate electronic warfare into the battle damage assessment.

Integrate electronic warfare into the fires plan.

 Review/revise ES COA:

Integrate electronic warfare support with intelligence cycle.

Integrate electronic warfare support with collection plan.

 Review/revise EA COA:

Integrate electromagnetic deception in support of military decep

as required.

Review operational effect of tactical jamming and destructive

electronic attack.
gppq

 Review/revise EP COA:

Integrate electronic warfare with OPSEC and SIGINT efforts.

Coordinate electronic warfare with RFL/JRFL.

 War game EW COAs.

Recommending changes to EW operations

 Ensure EW operations maintain currency with MAGTF commander

 Coordinate EW operations with tactical operations.

 Integrate electronic warfare within the scope of IO.

ELECTRONIC WARFARE COORDINATION CELL

The EWCC facilitates coordination of EW operations with other fires, 

communications and information systems use, and intelligence operatio

Additionally, EW participation in IO is accomplished through the EWC

EWCC identifies conflicts in planned operations and coordinates effort

G-2/S-2, G-3/S-3, and G-6/S-6. 

The EWCC is under the staff cognizance of the G-3/S-3, and MAGTF 

provide personnel to form the EWCC. The EWCC may include an elec

warfare officer (EWO), a communications and information systems 

representative, and other liaison officers as needed. Liaison could inclu

battalion (RadBn) representation, airborne electronic countermeasures 

representative from the Marine air control group, and other Service 

representatives. Personnel are also provided for liaison teams to higher 

headquarter’s EW coordination organizations when required, such as th

force commander’s electronic warfare staff (JCEWS) or IO cell that m

created within a joint task force (JTF).

The EWCC’s structure is determined by, but not limited to, the overall 

of the combatant force and the level of electronic warfare to be conduc

EWCC unifies Marine Corps EW functions. It does not add structure to 

existing organization but it is used to coordinate EW activities of perso

already assigned. For example:

 In a highly complex joint suppression of enemy air defenses (J-SEA

operation, EWCC personnel may be required to coordinate with repr

from the other Services and operational forces (air defense, maneuv

and artillery) to plan and execute an operation.
ppy jg 

the EW staff with minimum outside coordination required.

Electronic warfare coordination cell functions and responsibilities are 

 Coordinates, synchronizes, and deconflicts EW targeting with fire 

intelligence collection plans, and operations.

 Ensures that electronic warfare is considered in each phase of the 

plan (OPLAN)/operation order (OPORD).

 Integrates electronic warfare into the IO portions of OPLANs/OPO

 Ensures that the command’s EW operations support the JTF camp

 Recommends the level of EW tasking of subordinate commands to 

 Assists the G-6/S-6 in the compilation of the RFL and the JRFL an

any conflicts.

 Resolves potential EW fratricide and misidentification issues.

 Coordinates subordinate command’s request for electronic warfare 

 Coordinates requests for electronic warfare support from other Ser

and allies.

 Establishes procedures for the rapid exchange of EW information 

planning and execution.

 Assesses the effects of friendly and enemy EW activity on the batt

 Maintains the status of EW resources available to the commander.

 Identifies EW requirements for intelligence support.

 Coordinates EW reprogramming activities.

 Coordinates the administrative and logistic support and communic

requirements of tailored EW packages that support time-phased fo

deployment data.

OPERATIONS STAFF (G-3/S-3)

The operations staff has the responsibility for planning, coordinating

supervising EW activities, except for intelligence. The operations sta

responsible for— 

 Exercising electronic warfare, on behalf of the commander, throug

issuance of OPORDs. 

 Tasking assigned and attached EW units through the EWCC.
g , g g

electromagnetic deception plans.

 Coordinating EW training with other requirements.

INTELLIGENCE STAFF (G-2/S-2)

The intelligence staff advises the commander and his staff on the intell

aspects of electronic warfare. The intelligence staff is responsible for—

 Tasking EW units in accordance with the intelligence collection plan

 Providing intelligence on enemy organizations, locations, and capab

 Assisting in the preparation of the intelligence-related portion of the 

EW estimate.

 Disseminating EW intelligence. 

 Providing advice on the RFL by recommending guarded frequencies

 Maintaining appropriate EW databases.

COMMUNICATIONS-ELECTRONICS STAFF (G-6/S-6)

The communications-electronics staff is the coordinator of the electrom

spectrum for a wide variety of communications and electronics resourc

responsible for—

 Issuing communications-electronics operating instructions.

 Preparing EP policy on behalf of the commander.

 Coordinating the preparation of the RFL and issuance of EMCON g

 Assisting in the preparation of EW plans and tabs.

 Coordinating frequency allocation, assignment, and use. 

 Coordinating electromagnetic deception plans and operations in whi

assigned communications resources participate. 

 Coordinating measures to reduce electromagnetic interference. 

 Reporting all enemy EA activity to the EWCC for counteraction.

INFORMATION OPERATIONS CELL

On many joint staffs, the intra-staff coordination previously accomplish

through a JCEWS has been replaced by an IO cell or similar organizati

cell, if established, coordinates EW activities with other IO activities in 

maximize effect and prevent mutual interference. An EWCC represent
g

the organization and procedures of the IO cell, see JP 3-13, Joint Doc

Information Operations.

OPERATIONS CONTROL AND ANALYSIS CENTER

The operations control and analysis center (OCAC) provides centrali

direction, management, and control of SIGINT and ground EW activ

the Marine expeditionary force (MEF) and coordinates with the MEF 

external national assets. Operations control and analysis center person

analyze, and disseminate collected information. The OCAC is located 

MEF headquarters near other intelligence agencies. It provides an int

between the RadBn and the MEF G-2/S-2. The OCAC coordinates g

activities with the EWCC. While typically established to support a M

OCAC may be established for any size MAGTF.
Planning

The MAGTF campaign is the synchronization of air, land, and sea op

harmony with diplomatic, economic, and informational efforts in ord

national objectives. The EW component of any operation requires ea

integration within the MAGTF and also with external agencies. Elect

warfare planning is conducted simultaneously with operational plann

the Marine Corps Planning Process (MCPP). 

The MCPP is an internal planning process that supports decisionmak

MAGTF commander. It aligns with and complements the joint delibe

crisis action planning processes. The MCPP is applicable to all echel

command and across the range of military operations. The MCPP est

procedures for analyzing a mission, developing and wargaming COA

threat, comparing friendly COAs against the commander’s criteria an

friendly COAs, selecting a COA, preparing an OPORD/OPLAN for 

and transitioning the OPORD/OPLAN to those tasked with its execu

MCPP organizes these procedures into six manageable, logical steps

analysis, COA development, COA war game, COA comparison and 

orders development, and transition.

Electronic warfare planning occurs concurrently with other operation

during the MCPP and supports the operational maneuver of the MAG

following table). Electronic warfare planning is normally accomplish

EWCC and is led by the G-3/S-3’s staff EWO with representatives fr

G-2/S-2 and G-6/S-6. 
pg 

MCPP Steps EW Planning Action

Mission Analysis Review commander’s guidance.

Review rules of engagement (ROE).

Identify commander’s critical information requirements, p

ligence requirements, essential elements of friendly info

Coordinate internal liaison.

Request external augmentation as required.

Identify the enemy’s operational centers of gravity.

Develop the EW estimate.

Produce the EW mission statement.

Determine EA, ES, and EP objectives.

COA Development Conduct intelligence gain/loss review.

Consider special IO.

Model EW effects.

Integrate with operational maneuver.

Determine command relationships.

COA War Game Utilize automated models.

War game in conjunction with other IO COAs.

COA Comparison

and Decision

Brief MAGTF commander and G-3/S-3.

Orders

Development

Develop Tab B (Electronic Warfare) to Appendix 3 (Infor

tion Operations/Command and Control Warfare) to

Annex C (Operations).

Transition Publish OPORD.

Integrate electronic warfare support into MAGTF intellige

Integrate electronic warfare support and electronic attac

MAGTF targeting cycle.

Integrate electronic warfare support and electronic attac

MAGTF battle damage assessment cycle.

Monitor/control EW operations.
PLANNING FACTORS

Electronic warfare planning factors include the following: 

 Consider requirements for friendly communications, navigation

systems, targeting systems, and radar with respect to the anticipated 

expected tactical threat, and electromagnetic interference consider

identified, these requirements should be entered into the RFL under 

categories (e.g., TABOO, RESTRICTED). 

 Identifiy information security, COMSEC, and electronic security m

necessary to deny OPSEC indicators to enemy electromagnetic sen

 Developing the RFL (or during joint operations the JRFL) is critica

deconfliction of EA and ES activities.

 Coordinate and identify specific resources required for interferenc

deconfliction. 

 Identify commander’s critical information requirements that suppo

commanders and EW operations and facilitate electronic warfare s

which must be included in Annex B (Intelligence) to the OPORD. 

 Coordinate and establish procedures to ensure timely fulfillment of 

requirements, including tactical, real-time dissemination. 

 Review ROE to determine what restrictions may be placed on EW 

REQUEST AND APPROVAL OF EW SUPPORT

Requests for EW support are forwarded through the chain of comman

commander authorized to plan and conduct EW operations. For grou

operations that involve RadBn assets, the MAGTF commander is usu

authorizing commander. For airborne EA operations supported by EA

aviation combat element (ACE) commander is usually the authorizin

commander. The commander authorized to conduct electronic warfar

tentative decision on whether or not to provide the requested support

tentative decision is based on such things as the relative importance o

activity being supported, competing requests, and the adequacy of th

database to support the request. Once the request is coordinated with 

the tentative decision is finalized and passed to the supporting EW un

For support requests involving electronic attack, the commander reque

support describes only the friendly operation to be supported. The com

requesting EA support does not list the enemy’s frequencies and station

attacked because communications systems are usually complex and co

several channels for passing requests for fires, requests for reinforceme
gp, g, , 

coordination with the MAGTF G-2/S-2, better understands the enemy’s 

communications systems and can design EA plans that support friendly o

Support requests involving electronic warfare support are initiated by 

establishing commander’s critical information requirements and priorit

intelligence requirements. The MAGTF G-2/S-2 uses the process of co

management to convert these information requirements into collection 

requirements, establish priorities, task or coordinate with appropriate c

sources or agencies, monitor results, and retask ES assets as appropriat

Collection management ensures that MAGTF ES requirements are met 

the most efficient use of collection assets. 

See appendix A for joint EW report formats.

STAFFING, COORDINATION, AND

APPROVAL OF THE ELECTRONIC WARFARE PLAN

Electronic warfare plans developed by EW units attached to the MAGTF 

headquarters or to one of its elements are submitted to the EWCC. The E

these plans within the headquarters and to adjacent, supporting, and high

headquarters. The communications-electronics officer reviews the plans 

that they will not disrupt command and control communications. The G-

reviews the plans to ensure that they will not needlessly disrupt or stop co

critical information and intelligence. Problems that arise during staffing t

be resolved are referred to the commander or his designated representativ

the G-3/S-3. Once all problems are identified and reconciled, the decisio

whether or not to execute the EW plan and, if so, when. 

Electronic warfare plans developed by adjacent, supported, and suppor

headquarters should be coordinated by these headquarters with the MA

headquarters. The EWO staffs these plans within the MAGTF in coord

with the G-2/S-2, G-3/S-3, and G-6/S-6. In the event of operational con

headquarters that originated the plan is advised of the problem and atte

resolve any conflicts. Problems that cannot be resolved are referred to 

authority for reconciliation.

ELECTRONIC WARFARE ELEMENTS

OF THE OPERATION ORDER

Once the EW plan is approved, it is documented in the OPORD. The O

contains EW planning guidance, a description of planned EW operatio
pg

MCWP 5-1, Marine Corps Planning Process, and Chairman of the Jo

of Staff Manual (CJCSM) 3122.03, Joint Operation Planning and Ex

System, Volume II, Planning Formats and Guidance.

Electronic Warfare Planning Guidance

Electronic warfare planning guidance may be included in the OPORD 

tab to Appendix 3 (Information Operations/Command and Control W

Annex C (Operations) of the OPORD.

Electronic Warfare Operations

Electronic warfare operations are included as Tab B (Electronic Warfar

Appendix 3 (Information Operations/Command and Control Warfare) 

Annex C (Operations) of the OPORD. The EW tab should—

 Summarize the scope of EW operations and methods to be employe

the employment of organic and nonorganic capabilities.

 Identify the desired electromagnetic profile selected by the comma

basic concept of operations and provide EMCON guidance to com

that the desired electromagnetic and acoustic profiles are realized.

 Identify EW resources required to support IO, suppression of enem

defenses (SEAD), and other elements and activities of IO.

 Evaluate enemy threats to critical friendly command and control, 

communications, weapons control systems, target acquisition syste

intelligence and surveillance systems, and computer networks.

 Specify EP measures necessary to ensure effective operations duri

See appendix B for an example of the EW tab. 

Spectrum Management

Since electronic warfare occurs in the electromagnetic spectrum, EW 

must closely coordinate their efforts with those members of the staff w

military use of the electromagnetic spectrum. EW planners use the R

tool to perform spectrum management. The RFL is normally found in 

(Communications and Information Systems) of the OPORD. For add

guidance on spectrum management, see CJSCM 3320.01, Joint Oper

Electromagnetic Battlespace. 
BATTLESPACE CONSIDERATIONS

Expeditionary Electronic Warfare

The commander, landing force designates a landing force EWO who w

responsible for the coordination and control of EW operations ashore a

preparation of the EW input to the landing force OPORD/OPLAN. An 

may be established to provide the EWO an EW coordinating mechanis

When an amphibious force is formed and the commander, landing forc

a landing force EWCC may be established afloat to coordinate EW pla

operations with the Navy’s EWO. During amphibious and littoral opera

AF EWO continues to function in support of the amphibious task force 

EWCC functions in support of the landing force. However, close coord

EW operations remains necessary. The initiating directive may require 

coordination of EW operations be retained afloat or be transferred to an 

of an appropriate headquarters ashore. For more information on comm

control during amphibious operations, see JP 3-02, Joint Doctrine for 

Amphibious Operations.

Ground Electronic Warfare

Ground electronic warfare supports the operational scheme of maneuve

employed as the MAGTF commander deems necessary. Generally, gro

equipment is employed on a highly mobile platform (e.g., mobile elect

warfare support system [MEWSS] product improvement program [PIP

should be as survivable and mobile as the force it supports. Ground ele

warfare is primarily directed against tactical communications systems. 

short-range nature of tactical signals direction finding, EA sites are usu

located in the forward area of the battlefield, either with or near forwar

To be effective, ground electronic warfare requires the following:

 Protection from enemy ground and aviation elements by the support

 Logistical support.

 Clear identification of EW requirements of the supported commande

Ground EW capabilities are as follows:

 Supports ground units operations directly. 

 Provides continuous operations. 

 Responds to EW requirements of supported ground commander.
gjg y 

command, control, and communications systems in support of av

ground units.

Ground electronic warfare has the following limitations:

 Vulnerable to enemy attack.

 Can be masked by terrain.

 Distance/propagation characteristics of enemy electronic systems.

 Vulnerable to electronic protection actions employed by the enemy

 Vulnerable to enemy electromagnetic deception measures.

Airborne Electronic Warfare

While ground and airborne EW planning and execution are similar, th

significant difference is the shortened airborne EW employment time

operations are generally much shorter in duration and conducted at m

speeds than ground operations. Therefore, the timeliness of EW supp

to aviation operations. Aviation EW support may require a more exte

database and a more detailed plan than is required for ground operati

Additionally, airborne ES activities are usually conducted in general 

the MAGTF or the JTF.

To be effective, airborne electronic warfare requires the following:

 Clear understanding of the supported commander’s EW needs.

 Airborne EA and ES operations require detailed planning and inte

order to be successful against modern air defenses. 

 Ground support facilities.

 Liaison between the aircrews of the aircraft providing the EW sup

aircrews being supported.

 Protection from enemy aircraft.

Airborne EW capabilities are as follows:

 Provides direct support to other tactical aviation missions.

 Provides extended EW range over that offered by ground assets.

 Possesses greater mobility and flexibility than ground assets.

 Supports ground units or the MAGTF in general support and in co

with the RadBn.
g 

 Limited assets (nonorganic platforms, specifically designed to perfo

electronic warfare, may need to be requested to support the MAGTF 

JTF/theater commander).

 Time on station considerations.

 Vulnerable to enemy EP actions.

 Vulnerable to enemy electromagnetic deception.

 Line-of-sight limitations (although the effective ranges at which elec

warfare support and electronic attack can be conducted by aircraft ar

greater than those of ground EW assets).

FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

Electronic Warfare Support Considerations 

There is a mutually supporting relationship between intelligence and el

warfare support. Intelligence feeds electronic warfare support by makin

electronic order of battle information available in order to accurately p

equipment, such as radar warning and tactical jamming systems. Altern

electronic warfare support feeds intelligence through ES systems that c

information. The information can then be rapidly disseminated as a thr

warning or may be passed to intelligence production and analysis elem

further processing.

Electronic warfare support provides immediate threat recognition and a 

information for immediate decisions involving electronic attack, electr

protection, avoidance, targeting, and other tactical employment of forc

Specific examples of ES capabilities include radar warning equipment 

on tactical aircraft for self-defense, the receiver suite of the tactical jam

system on board EW aircraft (e.g., EA-6B), and the receiver suite in gr

support systems (e.g., MEWSS PIP). To best meet immediate tactical 

requirements, ES information used in immediate threat recognition is r

disseminated without in-depth processing. 

Concurrent with threat warning reporting, information derived from ele

warfare support is also provided to MAGTF intelligence production an

elements. After analysis and integration with other sources of informat

ES information becomes intelligence and is released as a form of intell

reporting through normal intelligence channels to the MAGTF and to e

units or agencies.
g

ES information or intelligence products may be passed directly to a t

This information may also be passed by a signals intelligence suppor

from the RadBn or may take the form of reports that are generated by 

electronic reconnaissance processing and evaluation system (TERPE

passed by the Marine tactical electronic warfare squadron (VMAQ). 

case, clear procedures and guidelines must be established to coordina

intelligence dissemination within the MAGTF. For more information 

intelligence dissemination and reporting, see MCWP 2-1, Intelligenc

Operations, and MCWP 2-15.2.

Electronic Attack Considerations

Electronic attack operations may be preplanned or conducted in respo

the immediate tactical situation. If commanders and their staffs use 

electromagnetic jamming, they must carefully weigh the operational 

requirement against the ROE, the affects on friendly systems, and the 

enemy information otherwise obtained by ES measures. Degradation 

some friendly communications may have to be accepted in order to e

employ jamming. 

Some key planning considerations for EA operations include authoriz

jamming control, and timing. Since the results of electronic warfare c

profound and far-reaching, EW planners and operators must understa

peacetime and wartime ROE and EW operations cannot be executed 

proper authorization. Because of its possible impact on friendly comm

and noncommunications emitters (e.g., radars, data links), jamming w

require a centralized controlling authority. However, in certain situati

jamming control, with its incumbent authority, may be delegated to lo

commanders. Jamming may only be effective for a limited time beca

enemy may take the necessary measures to overcome the effects of ja

attempt to use electronic protection to overcome the MAGTF’s jamm

Jamming achieves its best results when resources are concentrated to 

simultaneously disrupt or degrade all types of electromagnetic comm

and/or noncommunications systems of selected enemy units, formati

weapons systems that have a direct impact on the accomplishment of 

Jamming’s maximum effectiveness is obtained if the attack is deliver

critical time against a critical enemy electronic system (e.g., fire cont

during his attack, air defense systems during friendly offensive air op

command and control communications for the control of the moveme
)pyjg 

avoided because it may alert the enemy to impending operations in spe

Jamming’s greatest weakness is that it may indicate knowledge of the e

frequencies, which allows him, if capable, to change his frequencies an

further jamming difficult and electronic warfare support less productiv

Therefore, jamming for the purpose of harassing the enemy or supporti

minor operation is counterproductive because it assists the enemy in de

his vulnerability to jamming and it helps him recognize and adjust to o

jamming capabilities. 

Electronic Protection Considerations

Electronic protection protects personnel, facilities, and equipment from 

friendly or enemy employment of electronic warfare that could degrade

neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability. Electronic protection 

physical security, information security, COMSEC measures, transmissi

security, and EMCON measures. It also includes the detection and resp

hostile actions against friendly force’s information systems. The follow

functions must be considered when planning for EP operations:

 Information security, including its two disciplines of computer secur

communications security.

 Vulnerability analysis and assessment, which forms the basis for for

EP plans. (The Defense Information Systems Agency operates a pro

known as the Vulnerability Analysis and Assessment Program speci

focusing on automated information systems.) 

 Monitoring and feedback. (The National Security Agency [NSA] ha

COMSEC monitoring program that focuses on telecommunications 

using wire and electronic communications.) 

For additional information on EP-related measures, see CJCSI 6510.01

Information Assurance and Computer Network Defense.

Electronic Warfare Reprogramming Considerations

Electronic warfare reprogramming is the deliberate alteration or modif

friendly EW or target sensing systems in response to validated changes 

equipment and tactics or to the electromagnetic environment. The repro

of EW and target sensing system equipment is the responsibility of eac

or organization through its respective EW reprogramming support prog

includes changes to self-defense systems, offensive weapons systems, 
gyg jp

reprogramming efforts are critical in a rapidly evolving hostile situati

consideration for EW reprogramming is joint coordination. Joint coo

Service reprogramming efforts is required to ensure that reprogramm

requirements are identified, processed, and implemented in a consiste

by all friendly forces. For more information on EW reprogramming, 

JP 3-51, Joint Doctrine for Electronic Warfare.

Electromagnetic Deception Considerations

Electromagnetic deception “is the deliberate radiation, reradiation, al

suppression, absorption, denial, enhancement, or reflection of electro

energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information to an 

enemy electromagnetic-dependent weapons, thereby degrading or ne

the enemy’s combat capability.” (JP 3-51) Manipulative electromagn

deception, simulative electromagnetic deception, and imitative electr

deception are all types of electromagnetic deception.

Electromagnetic deception operations, like electromagnetic jamming

require centralized coordination and control and should be conducted 

an overall deception plan. Missions are normally preplanned but may 

immediate if opportunities for limited application become available. H

electromagnetic deception operations require specific authorization f

senior headquarters controlling the operation. 

Large-scale electromagnetic deception operations may be expensive 

preparation time and resources. Deception efforts are more likely to s

designed to achieve a specific objective that is limited in time and sc

therefore, the MAGTF may use limited-scale deception operations at 

key times in the operation. 

For more information on the types of electromagnetic deception, see 

Joint-Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses Considerations

Suppression of enemy air defenses is a specific type of mission that “

destroys, or temporarily degrades surface-based enemy air defenses b

destructive and/or disruptive means.” (JP 1-02) The term J-SEAD inc

SEAD activities provided by one component of the joint force in sup

another. Suppression of enemy air defenses missions are of critical im

the success of any operation where control of the air is contested by t

and relies on a variety of EW platforms to conduct electronic warfare 

electronic protection, and electronic attack. 
y pg j

warfare planners should coordinate closely with joint and component a

to ensure that electronic warfare is integrated into J-SEAD missions an

priority in the overall EW plan. Given the fundamental importance of c

the air in any joint operation, care should be taken that EW assets requ

J-SEAD missions are appropriately allocated between J-SEAD and oth

missions (e.g., communications jamming), particularly during that port

operation when control of the air is being established. For more inform

about J-SEAD, see JP 3-01.4, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedure

Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (J-SEAD).
Joint and Multinational Operations

In joint operations, the various armed forces of the US military work 

accomplish a mission. In multinational operations, forces of two or m

work together to accomplish the mission. In either type of operation, 

operate in accordance with guidelines that establish organizational fr

and facilitate coordination. Joint operations are guided by US joint d

established by the Department of Defense (DOD) (e.g., JP 3-51). Mu

forces (MNFs) conduct operations based on established international 

such as policy and doctrine established through the North Atlantic Tr

Organization (NATO) (e.g., Allied Joint Pub [AJP] 3-6, Allied Joint E

Warfare Doctrine). While some multinational organizations are perm

organized with established relationships and procedures, like NATO, 

temporary coalitions last only for the duration of a crisis and must co

develop a concept of EW support to meet their common mission. 

JOINT OPERATIONS

Joint operations generally increase the complexity of EW operations

coordination becomes increasingly difficult as additional units and ag

become involved in the planning and execution of electronic warfare

forces are task-organized and their composition varies. Although thei

situationally dependent, the EW organization within the joint force n

centers on the joint force staff, the component commands, the JCEW

IO cell, and supporting joint centers (e.g., the joint operations center 

intelligence center [JIC], joint frequency management office [JFMO]

targeting coordination board [JTCB]). 

Joint Force Staff of the Joint Task Force

The joint force staff operations director (J-3) has primary staff respon

EW activity and for planning, coordinating, and integrating joint EW 

with other combat disciplines within the JTF. A JCEWS and/or an IO 

normally formed to assist the J-3. The joint force staff intelligence di

is responsible for timely collection, processing, tailoring, and dissem

all-source intelligence for electronic warfare. The joint force staff 

communications-electronics director (J-6) has primary staff responsib
g gp

control, communications, and computers (C4) systems and electromag

dependent weapons systems employed by the joint force. 

Joint Task Force Component Commands

During joint operations, operational control of EW assets is exercised t

JTF component commanders. Each component is organized and equipp

conduct EW tasks in support of its basic missions and the joint force 

commander’s (JFC’s) campaign objectives. 

The JFC normally designates a joint force air component commander (

provide unity of effort for employing air power in support of his object

JFC specifies the JFACC’s responsibilities and level of authority. Norm

JFACC plans, coordinates, allocates, and tasks air forces (including EW 

air assets) based on the JFC’s apportionment decisions. However, the M

commander always retains operational control of organic MAGTF air a

Joint Commanderís Electronic Warfare Staff

A JCEWS supports the JFC in the planning, coordination, and integrati

force EW operations. The JCEWS’s focus is to deny the enemy the use 

electromagnetic spectrum while maintaining its availability for friendly 

JCEWS ensures that joint EW capabilities support the JFC’s objectives

The JCEWS is an element within the J-3, and it is composed of represe

from each of the components of the joint force. It will be headed by an 

who is appointed by the J-3. The JCEWS includes representatives from 

and J-6 to facilitate intelligence support and EW frequency deconflictio

Support teams from various organizations can be requested to assist the 

On many joint staffs, the intra-staff coordination previously accomplish

through a joint commander’s EW staff is now performed by an IO cell 

organization. The IO cell, if established, coordinates EW activities with 

activities in order to maximize effectiveness and prevent mutual interfe

both a JCEWS and an IO cell exist, a JCEWS representative may be as

the IO cell to facilitate coordination. For more information about the or

and procedures of the IO cell, see JP 3-13.

Joint Operations Center 

The JFC normally organizes a JOC to serve as the focal point for opera

matters. The JOC battlestaff, directed by the J-3, is comprised of repres

from the directorates within the joint headquarters (e.g., J-1, J-2, J-3, J-
g

The JIC is the focal point for the intelligence structure supporting the 

Directed by the J-2, the JIC communicates directly with component i

agencies and monitors intelligence support to EW operations. The JIC 

capability to adjust intelligence gathering to support the EW mission

Joint Frequency Management Office

Each geographic combatant commander is tasked by joint policy to e

frequency management structure that includes a JFMO and to establi

procedures that support ongoing operations. The JFMO may be assig

the supported combatant commander’s J-6 staff, from a component’s 

from an external command such as the Joint Spectrum Center (JSC). 

is responsible for coordinating the C4 system use of the electromagn

spectrum, frequency management, and frequency deconfliction. The 

develops the frequency management plan and makes recommendatio

alleviate mutual interference.

Joint Targeting Coordination Board

The JTCB typically reviews target information, develops targeting gu

priorities, and prepares and refines joint target lists if needed. The JTC

the effectiveness of targeting efforts, coordinates and deconflicts all J

operations, validates no-fire areas, and approves new target nominati

inclusion in the joint target list.

MULTINATIONAL OPERATIONS

Electronic warfare is an integral part of multinational operations, and 

planners must be prepared to integrate US and allied or coalition EW 

into a single, integrated EW plan. US planners should also be capable 

providing allied or coalition nations with information concerning US 

capabilities and providing EW planning and operational support to al

coalition nations. However, the planning of MNF electronic warfare 

due to security issues, differences in levels of training, language barr

terminology and procedural issues. US and NATO EW doctrine attem

provide commonality and a framework for the employment of electro

in NATO operations, see AJP 3.6 for specific information.
The MNF commander provides guidance for planning and conducting 

operations to the MNF through the J-3 and the EWCC, which is locate

force headquarters. An IO cell may also be established to coordinate al

related activities, including related EW operations.

Multinational J-3 Staff

Within the multinational staff, the J-3 has primary responsibility for the 

and integration of EW activities. A staff EWO is designated, and his 

responsibilities include ensuring the integration of allied/coalition augm

ensuring that EW plans and procedures are properly interpreted/transla

coordinating appropriate communications connectivity, and integrating 

coalition communications into a JRFL. 

Electronic Warfare Coordination Cell

In multinational operations, the EWCC is the JFC’s mechanism for coo

EW resources within the joint operations area. It should be established 

integral part of the multinational joint force headquarters J-3 staff, at w

level is deemed appropriate, to provide an effective means of coordinat

activities by the MNF. The EWCC is responsible for planning and coor

all in-theater EW activities in close liaison with the J2, J5, and J6. 

Electronic Warfare Mutual Support 

Electronic warfare mutual support is a NATO term that is governed by 

Committee (MC) 64, NATO EW Policy. Electronic warfare mutual sup

timely exchange of EW information in order to make the best use of th

resources. It is facilitated by the use of an agreed reference database ca

NATO emitter database. Electronic warfare mutual support procedures 

as a result of EW planning should include: 

 A review of friendly and enemy information data elements that may 

be exchanged.

 Mechanisms leading to the exchange of data during peace, crisis, an

 Development of peacetime exercises to practice the exchange of dat

 Establishment of EW points of contact with adjacent formations and 

subordinate headquarters for planning purposes, regardless of wheth

resources exist or not.

 Initial acquisition and maintenance of allied forces EW capabilities.

 Exchange of EW liaison teams equipped with appropriate communi
gy pg

information on friendly and enemy forces.

 Development of communications protocols in accordance with NA

Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 5048, The Minimum Scal

Connectivity for Communications and Information Systems for NA

Land Forces.

 Provision of secure, dedicated, and survivable communications. 

Other Considerations

Electronic Warfare Information Exchange. The development and use 

information exchange protocols is essential to the planning and cond

multinational EW operations.

Exchange of Signals Intelligence Information. Care should be taken n

SIGINT security rules when exchanging information. The policy and 

between electronic warfare and SIGINT within NATO is set out in M

MC 101, NATO SIGINT Policy.

Exchange of Electronic Order of Battle. In peacetime, prior to format

MNF, the exchange of electronic order of battle information is norma

under bilateral agreement. During MNF operations, an EWCC repres

through the theater joint analysis center or JIC, ensures the maintenan

to-date electronic order of battle. The inclusion of allied and coalition 

based on security and information exchange guidelines. See MC 298

SIGINT Support Between National and/or Multinational Tactical For

Within NATO, for more information on information exchange guideli

Electronic Warfare Reprogramming. EW reprogramming is a nationa

responsibility. However, the MAGTF EWCC should be aware of repr

efforts being conducted within the MNF. 

Information Operations. NATO policy for information operations is d

NATO publication MC 422, NATO Policy for Information Operation
MAGTF Electronic Warfare Capabilitie

To provide EW support, the Marine Corps has two types of EW units

and VMAQs.

RADIO BATTALION

The mission of the RadBn is to provide COMSEC monitoring, tactic

electronic warfare, and special intelligence communications support 

MAGTF. A RadBn’s tasks include—

 Conducting interception; radio direction finding; recording and an

communications/noncommunications signals; and SIGINT proces

analysis, production, and reporting.

 Conducting electronic warfare against enemy or other hostile com

 Assisting in the protection of MAGTF communications from enem

exploitation by conducting COMSEC monitoring, analysis, and re

friendly force communications.

 Providing special intelligence communications support and crypto

guard (personnel and terminal equipment) in support of the MAGT

(Normally, the communications unit supporting the MAGTF comm

provides communications connectivity for special intelligence 

communications.)

 Providing task-organized detachments to MAGTFs with designate

SIGINT, electronic warfare, special intelligence communications, 

required capabilities.

 Exercising technical control and direction over MAGTF SIGINT a

EW operations.

 Providing radio reconnaissance teams with specialized insertion an

capabilities (e.g., combat rubber raiding craft, fast rope, rappel, he

line parachute) to provide specified SIGINT and limited EA suppo

advance force, pre-assault, or deep post-assault operations. 

 Coordinating technical SIGINT requirements and exchanging SIG

technical information and material with national, theater, joint, and 

SIGINT units.
g , , 

SIGINT and EW equipment.

Organization 

The 1st RadBn, located at Marine Corps Base, Kaneohe Bay, HI, suppo

I MEF and III MEF. The 2d RadBn, located at Camp Lejeune, NC, sup

II MEF. Both battalions are organized and equipped along functional li

provide administrative control of subordinate elements, to facilitate tra

to permit rapid structuring and operational deployment of task-organiz

detachments. 

An entire RadBn will support a MEF operation. To support smaller MA

RadBn is task-organized as an SSU. The SSU may be as large as a Rad

operational company or as small as a team of four Marines. A complet

contains all the capabilities found in a RadBn and consists of six basic 

a command element; an operations, control, and analysis element; a co

and direction finding element; a special intelligence communications e

EA element; and a service support element. The nature of the threat, sp

mission tasking, and intelligence and operational requirements determi

composition and equipment of each element. For a complete descriptio

RadBn organization, see MCWP 2-15.2.

The EA element conducts ground electronic attack for the MAGTF. It c

of the Marines and the equipment necessary to conduct ground EA ope

Personnel assigned to this element include EA supervisors or controlle

EA operators. 

RadBn Electronic Attack Equipment

AN/ULQ-19(V)2 Electronic Attack Set. The AN/ULQ-19(V)2 electronic 

allows operators to conduct spot or sweep jamming of single-channel v

data signals operating in the standard military frequency range of 20 to 

megahertz from selected mobile platforms (e.g. high mobility multipur

wheeled vehicles, MEWSS, helicopters). When employed as a tactical, 

purpose, low-VHF jamming system, the AN/ULQ-19(V)2 has a 250-w

frequency linear amplifier that produces a nominal 200 watts of effecti

radiated power using a standard omnidirectional whip antenna. To prov

required jamming, the system must be employed and operated from a 

location with an unobstructed signal line of sight to the target enemy’s 

communications transceiver.
ppy

MEWSS provides a multifunctional capability that gives SIGINT/EW 

limited armor protection. This equipment can provide SIGINT/EW s

highly mobile mechanized and military operations in urban terrain w

maneuver and/or armor protection is critical. MEWSS consists of a s

intercept system, a radio direction finding system, an EA system, a se

communications system, and an intercom system installed in a logisti

the light armored vehicle.

AN/MLQ-36A Mobile Electronic Warfare Support System Product Imp

Program. The AN/MLQ-36A MEWSS PIP is an advanced SIGINT/E

integrated into a light armored vehicle. The MEWSS PIP provides a 

replacement of the EW mission equipment now fielded in the AN/ML

MEWSS. The MEWSS PIP provides the ability to detect and evaluat

communications emissions, detect and categorize enemy noncommun

emissions (e.g., battlefield radars), determine lines of bearing, and de

enemy tactical radio communications during expeditionary operation

mission-configured and working cooperatively with other MEWSS P

platforms, the common suite of equipment can also provide precision 

battlefield emitters. The system is designed to have an automated tas

reporting data link to other MAGTF assets such as the AN/TSQ-130 

control and analysis center PIP. The MEWSS PIP and its future enha

will provide the capability to exploit new and sophisticated enemy el

emissions and conduct electronic attack in support of existing and pl

national, theater, fleet, and MAGTF SIGINT/EW operations. 

MARINE TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE SQUADR

The Marine VMAQ’s mission is to provide EW support to the MAGT

designated forces. The VMAQ conducts tactical jamming to prevent, 

disrupt the enemy’s ability to use early warning, acquisition, fire or m

control, counterbattery, and battlefield surveillance radars. Tactical ja

denies and/or degrades enemy communications capabilities. The VM

conducts electronic surveillance operations to maintain electronic ord

including both selected emitter parameters and location of nonfriendl

also provides threat warnings for friendly aircraft, ships, and ground 

VMAQ tasks include—

 Providing airborne EA and ES support to the ACE and other desig

operations by intercepting, recording, and jamming threat commun

noncommunications emitters.
g, yg, pg 

intelligence (ELINT) reports for updating and maintaining enemy el

order of battle. This is accomplished through the EW division, whic

includes intelligence, TERPES, and the tactical EA-6B mission plan

system (TEAMS). All are used to support pre-mission planning and 

mission processing of collected data and production of pertinent inte

reports. Working in concert with squadron intelligence, TERPES an

provide required ELINT and electronic order of battle intelligence p

the ACE, MAGTF, and other requesting external agencies.

 Providing liaison personnel to higher staffs to assist in VMAQ 

employment planning.

 Providing an air EW liaison officer to the MAGTF EWCC.

 Conducting EA operations for EP training of MAGTF units.

Organization 

There are four VMAQs (designated VMAQ-1 through VMAQ-4) assig

Marine aircraft group-14, 2d Marine aircraft wing, Cherry Point, NC. E

squadron has five EA-6B Prowler aircraft. Each squadron is organized 

administrative, intelligence/EW, operations, logistic, safety and standar

and maintenance divisions.

VMAQ Electronic Attack Equipment

EA-6B Prowler. The EA-6B Prowler is a subsonic, all-weather, carrier-

aircraft. The crew is composed of one pilot and three electronic counte

officers. The EA-6B’s primary missions include collecting and process

designated threat signals of interest for jamming and subsequent proce

analysis, and intelligence reporting and employing the AGM-88 HARM 

designated targets. The EA-6B’s AN/ALQ-99 tactical jamming system 

effectively incorporates receivers for the reception of emitted signals an

jamming pods for the transmission of energy to jam victim radars (prin

those associated with enemy air defense radars and associated comman

control). In addition to the AN/ALQ-99, the EA-6B also employs the U

communications jammer to collect, record, and disrupt threat communi

Tactical EA-6B Mission Planning System. TEAMS assists the EA-6B a

with planning and optimization of receivers, jammers, and HARM. TE

allows an operator to—

 Maintain area of operations emitter listings.

 Edit emitter parameters.
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Tailor or create HARM direct attack libraries or manually modi

new threat cards for FA-18 HARM shooters.

Plan USQ-113 target selection.

 Perform post-flight mission analysis to—

Identify electronic emitters using various electronic parameter d

ELINT analytical techniques.

Localize emitters by coordinates with a certain circular error of 

for each site.

Correlate new information with existing data.

Gather post-flight HARM information such as aircraft launch p

predicted seeker footprint, and whether the on board system det

geted signal at the time of impact.

Tactical Electronic Reconnaissance Processing and Evaluation Syste

TERPES (AN/TSQ-90) is an air- and land-transportable, single-shelt

processing and correlation system, and each of the four VMAQ squa

includes a TERPES section. A TERPES section is composed of Mari

equipment, and software that identify and locate enemy radar emitte

collected by EA-6B aircraft and those received from other intelligenc

process and disseminate EW data rapidly to MAGTF and other intelli

centers, and provide mission planning and briefing support. TERPES 

areas include operational support, intelligence analysis support, data 

fusion processing, intelligence reporting. 

TERPES operational support—

 Translates machine-readable, airborne-collected digital data into m

and machine-readable reports (e.g., paper, magnetic tape, secure v

plots, overlays).

 Receives and processes EA-6B mission tapes. 

 Accepts, correlates, and identifies electronic emitter data from sem

or automatic collection systems using various electronic parameter 

and various analysis techniques.

 Provides tactical jamming analysis. 
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ELINT data combined with additional modernized integrated database 

intelligence data to—

 Respond to intelligence requirements.

 Prepare intelligence database updates.

 Analyze threat and tactical situations.

 Estimate changes in the threat’s tactical situation.

The modernized integrated database is the primary intelligence databas

for intelligence analysis application operator queries and provides data 

capabilities. In addition to EA-6B aircraft mission tapes, the following 

inputs may also be fused to maximize the support provided to tactical 

intelligence operations:

 Naval intelligence database, which contains characteristics and perfo

data for weapons, sensors, and platforms.

 Electronic warfare database support, which is similar to the naval in

database and provides EA-6B tailored data.

 ELINT parameters list, which is the NSA’s observed radar parametr

 Electronic warfare integrated reprogramming, which combines asse

technical radar parameters from the US Air Force EW Science and T

database with the observed parameters of the NSA database.

 JSC, which is used to derive friendly electronic order of battle and r

parametric data.

Fusion processing is enabled by the TERPES fusion processor (TFP) a

TERPES ELINT preprocessor. The TFP processes intelligence data fro

ELINT reports, sensor reports, tactical reports, and imagery intelligenc

The TFP provides filtering, characteristic and performance identificatio

of battle identification, technical analysis, multisource correlation, and 

updates; and it presents the information in various forms for analysis. O

integrated information source is the Tactical Related Applications Proc

Dissemination System broadcast. This broadcast is accessed using the 

commander’s tactical terminal and provides near real time, national-lev

to the TERPES. This broadcast also assists the TFP in maintaining an E

parameter database to track airborne, shipboard, and land-based targets

can be used to develop electronic orders of battle and to perform comp

studies on radar parameters.The TERPES ELINT preprocessor process

EA-6B signals of interest collected from recorder or reproducer set tap
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technical ELINT data. Position reports and specific unit identification 

location information are used to update the TERPES database and to 

tactical ELINT reports. TERPES also provides tactical jamming syst

for the EA-6B aircrew and maintenance personnel. Tactical jamming 

analysis consists of recovering recorded data for verifying jammed ca

jammer on and off times, and frequency and azimuth coverage. TERP

mission data in the generation of EW mission summary reports.

After-fusion processing intelligence reports are generated and the pri

intelligence reporting output from TERPES is in the form of post-mis

Post-mission reports are provided in response to established intellige

requirements. See United States Signal Intelligence Directive (USSID

Tactical ELINT Reporting, for the most commonly used reporting for

report forms may include the following reports:

 Tactical reports provide information on immediate threat activity.

 ELINT summary reports provide a summary of ELINT activity ov

established periods (normally 24 hours). See USSID 200, Technica

Reporting, for format and content.

 ELINT technical reports provide for analyst exchange of informat

parametric data. See USSID 341, Technical ELINT Reporting, for 

and content.

 Over the horizon (OTH) “GOLD” reports provide information der

contact reports of ELINT parametrics.

 Order of battle reports provide order of battle information such as 

encyclopedia number, equipment, and location.
External Support Activities

MAGTF EW planners use external organizations to plan and integrat

warfare. Support from these organizations may include personnel aug

functional area expertise, technical support, and planning support. 

JOINT INFORMATION OPERATIONS CENTER

The Joint Information Operations Center (JIOC) was originally activ

the Joint Electronic Warfare Command, redesignated as the Joint Com

and Control Warfare Center in October 1994, and renamed the JIOC 

September 1999. The JIOC is located in San Antonio, TX. It is a valu

resource for the combatant commander’s of unified commands and J

JIOC dispatches tailored teams to augment these staffs and provides 

in all joint exercises and contingency operations. The JIOC also has E

reprogramming oversight responsibilities for the joint staff, which in

organizing, managing, and exercising joint aspects of EW reprogram

facilitating the exchange of data used in joint EW reprogramming. A

reprogramming of equipment, however, is a Service responsibility.

JOINT SPECTRUM CENTER

The JSC was activated in September 1994 under the direction of the j

staff’s J6. The JSC assumed all the missions and responsibilities prev

performed by the Electromagnetic Compatibility Center and also rec

additional responsibilities. Personnel in the JSC are experts in spectru

electromagnetic compatibility and vulnerability, electromagnetic env

effects, information systems, modeling and simulation, operations su

system acquisition. The JSC provides complete, spectrum-related ser

combatant commanders, military Services, and other government org

The JSC deploys teams in support of the combatant commanders and 

the DOD focal point for supporting spectrum supremacy aspects of in

warfare. It assists warfighters in developing and managing the JRFL 

in the resolution of operational interference and jamming incidents. T

provide databases of friendly force command and control systems for 

planning electronic protection.
JOINT WARFARE ANALYSIS CENTER

The Joint Warfare Analysis Center (JWAC) is a Navy-sponsored joint c

under the Director of Operations (J3), Joint Staff. It was officially estab

May 1994 and is located in Dahlgren, VA. The JWAC is instrumental i

the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and commanders of unified c

in preparation and analysis of joint operational plans. It provides analy

engineering and scientific data and integrates operational analysis with 

intelligence.

NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY

The Director, NSA is the principal SIGINT and information security ad

the Secretary of Defense, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, 

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The NSA executes the informatio

responsibilities of the Secretary of Defense, provides SIGINT support 

combatant commanders and others in accordance with their expressed 

requirements, and provides JRFL input to JFMO to ensure maximum p

from friendly interference or electronic warfare against vital SIGINT ta

JOINT COMSEC MONITORING ACTIVITY

The Joint Communications Security Monitoring Activity (JCMA) was 

1993 by a memorandum of agreement between the Services’ operation

Directors of the Joint Staff, and the NSA. The JCMA is charged with c

COMSEC monitoring (collection, analysis, and reporting) of DOD 

telecommunications and automated information systems and the monit

related noncommunications signals. Its purpose is to identify potentiall

exploitable vulnerabilities and to recommend countermeasures and cor

actions. The JCMA supports real world operations, joint exercises, and 

systems monitoring. 

DEFENSE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AGENCY

The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) is a combat support 

responsible for the planning, development, fielding, operating, and sup

command, control, communications, and information systems that serv

needs of the President, the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Sta

combatant commanders, and other DOD components during both peac

DISA also operates the Vulnerability Analysis and Assessment Program 

specifically focuses on automated information systems. 
MARINE CORPS INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY AND NETWORK OPERATIONS CENTER

The Marine Corps Information Technology and Network Operations 

Center (MITNOC) was formed in July 1999 by merging two Marine 

organizations: USMC Network Operations Center and Marine Corps 

and Telecommunications Activity. The MITNOC provides support fo

information assurance, network operations, computer network defens

support, and network security. It includes a deployed support section 

provides network technical advice and assistance during the planning 

deployment/exercise and coordinates solutions to networking problem

the execution phase of an operation. The MITNOC also includes a M

computer emergency response team that offers 24-hour technical resp

computer security incidents.

NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER WEAPONS DIVISION

Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division’s (NAWCWD’s) EA-6B 

develops and tests radar receivers/jammers, communications receiver

satellite communications systems, datalinks, and threat databases. It c

improves the EA-6B through upgrades to its operational flight progra

provides support to engineering upgrades of its weapons capabilities. 

NAWCWD works in conjunction with the Navy-Marine Corps Electr

Warfare Reprogrammable Library Support Program at the Fleet Infor

Warfare Center to address electronic warfare reprogramming issues. 

Information Warfare Center is designated as the Navy’s functional da

manager for information warfare per Office of the Chief of Naval Op

Instruction (OPNAVINST) 3430.23, Tactical Electronic Warfare 

Reprogrammable Library (EWRL) Support Program.
 Joint Electronic Warfare Reports

Joint publications set forth approved procedures and formats for stan

EW message traffic in joint operations. This material in this appendix 

extracted from CJCSM 6120.05, Manual for Tactical Command and 

Planning Guidance for Joint Operations: Joint Interface Operationa

for Message Text Formats. 

EW Mission Summary (EWMSNSUM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Employment Message (EWEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Approval Message (EWAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tactical Report (TACREP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Requesting/Tasking Message (EWRTM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tactical ELINT Report (TACELINT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

EA Data Message (EADAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SIGINT/EA Planning/Coordinating Message (SIEPCM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

ELINT Requirement Tasking Message (ERTM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Air Support Request (AIRSUPREQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Air Request Jammer (AIRREQJAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Warfare Frequency Deconfliction

Message (EWDECONFLICT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Meaconing, Intrusion, Jamming, and Interference

Feeder Report (MIJIFEEDER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sensitive Information Report (SIREP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Stop Jamming Message (STOP JAMMING) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
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a. PURPOSE. The EWMSNSUM is used to summarize significant EW 

and the status of offensive EW assets. The EWMSNSUM will not be u

report the results of ES operations. The TACREP will be used to report 

operational results. 

b. ORIGINATOR. TOC, AOC, MAGTF COC. 

c. ADDRESSEE. JOC (record only), TOC, AOC, MAGTF COC.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. When EWMSNSUM is sent to the 

sent by record only. When sent cross-Service, the primary method of 

transmission is record with voice as an alternate. The message preparer 

any one or all of the formatted sets when reporting the EW summary a

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required, as sp

COMJTF OPLAN, or in accordance with established OPLANS for th

of operations.

f. PROCEDURES. The EWMSNSUM is used by all EW- and EA-capa

surface and air units to provide information on EW operations. It is use

by the Service component commander to report significant events for 

subsequent analysis.
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a. PURPOSE. The EWEM is used to provide the COMJTF with the 

commander’s intentions for the employment of EA for either a specif

period or for a specific EW mission. Reporting requirements are to be 

by the COMJTF. The EWEM is used by the JOC to eliminate potenti

mission conflicts. It may also be used by component commanders to 

notify of intended EA actions.

b. ORIGINATOR. TOC, EWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, AOC, MAGTF CO

AFSOD.

c. ADDRESSEE. JOC, TOC, AAWC, ASWC, ASUWC, EWC, OTC

CATF, AOC, MAGTF COC, JOC(SOC/JSOTF), NSWTG, SFOB.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. The primary method of transmi

record with voice as an alternate.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As established by 

COMJTF OPLAN, as required to reflect a Service component’s EW 

or as required to respond to an EWRTM.

f. PROCEDURES. The EWEM can simply reflect a Service compon

commander’s intentions for the employment of EA; but as the require

response to an EWRTM, the EWEM also contains the Service compo

planned EW support.
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a. PURPOSE. The EWAM is used by the COMJTF to approve or modi

joint operations EW plan.

b. ORIGINATOR. JOC.

c. ADDRESSEE. TOC, AAWC, ASWC, ASUWC, EWC, OTC/CWC/

AOC, MAGTF COC.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. The primary method of transmiss

record with voice as an alternate.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. PROCEDURES. The COMJTF references the Service component’s m

identifies the applicable timeframe, and approves, disapproves, or mod

tasking. If disapproved or modification is directed, amplifying details a

forwarded. When no conflicts exist in the component commander’s EW 

and the overall EW plan satisfies joint mission objectives, the EWAM w

state “approved.” If changes, cancellations, or modifications to the join

operations EW plan are required, the JOC will so state and send the EW

the appropriate Service component. The Service component’s schedule 

adjusted as directed through the normal tasking cycle. Blanket EA rest

(such as jam-free frequencies) will be provided via the ORDER or 

PLANORDCHG message. Control measures (such as “stop EA”) will b

by standard voice procedures and not by this message.
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a. PURPOSE. The TACREP is used only to provide perishable infor

tactical significance, for the immediate attention of the tactical comm

b. ORIGINATOR. JIC (JTF), ASAC, AAWC, ASWC, ASWOC, AS

EWC, FOSIC, OTC/CWC/CATF, SUBOPCONCEN, E-3, DSU/(AF)

AOC-INTEL, WOC-F, RADBN DET, MAGTF-INTEL, JOC (SOC/J

AFSOD, AFSOE, FOB, NSWTG, NSWTU, SFOB.

c. ADDRESSEE. JIC (JTF), DIA, ASAC, AAWC, ASWC, ASWOC

ASUWC, EWC, FCC, FOSIC, OTC/CWC/CATF, SUBOPCONCEN

DSU(AF), E-3, AOC-INTEL, WOC-F, RADBN DET, MAGTF-INTE

JOC (SOC/JSOTF), AFSOD, AFSOE, FOB, NSWTG, NSWTU, SFO

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. The primary method of transmi

record with voice as alternate. GENSER or SCI channels are used as 

The TACREP is normally sent with an immediate or flash precedenc

the high-priority and perishable nature of the information.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. COMMENTS. The TACREP is used to alert commanders of imme

to friendly forces. Amplifying information may be reported by other 

formats (e.g., INTREP, SIREP). Because of the significance of this re

message should not be delayed to obtain all possible data on a contin

For maritime operations reporting, the TACREP is used to report con

developed by HFDF assets. 

Note: Since the TACREP is the primary MTF used for reporting time

intelligence information, it can be sent by any C2/IE element in addit

identified in subparagraph b above.
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a. PURPOSE. The EWRTM is used by the COMJTF to task componen

commanders to perform EW operations in support of the overall joint E

and to support component EW operations, and also used by componen

commanders to request EW support from sources outside their comma

b. ORIGINATOR. JOC, TOC, EWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, AOC, MAGT

JOC (SOC/JSOTF).

c. ADDRESSEE. JOC, TOC, AAWC, ASWC, ASUWC, EWC, FOSIC

OTC/ CWC/CATF, AOC, MAGTF COC, AFSOD.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. The primary method of transmiss

record with voice as an alternate.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. PROCEDURES. The EWRTM will not be used to request or task sup

SIGINT assets. Mission coordination details and additional specific eq

parameters will be exchanged using messages such as the SIEPCM. Re

numbering will be in accordance with JTF OPLANs or OPORDs. The 

COMJTF’s tasking or Service component commanders’s request (EWR

be responded to by the Electronic Warfare Employment Message (EWE
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a. PURPOSE. The TACELINT is used to report time-critical operatio

and parametric information. Information contained therein may be us

indications and warnings, data base maintenance, orders of battle, an

planning. ELINT collectors use this message format as a reporting ve

COMJTF uses this message format to advise the joint force of update

ELINT order of battle or data base.

b. ORIGINATOR. JIC(JTF), AAWC, ASWC, ASUWC, EWC, FOS

OTC/CWC/ CATF, II(AF), TEP, RADBN DET, MAGTF-INTEL, TE

c. ADDRESSEE. JIC(JTF), DIA, ASAC, AAWC, ASWC, ASWOC

EWC, FCC, FOSIC, OTC/CWC/CATF, SUBOPCONCEN, DSU(AF

AOC-INTEL, RADBN DET, MAGTF-INTEL, TERPES.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. The primary method of transmi

record. Voice transmission is a backup for ASAC, JIC interfaces and 

SCI-capable C2/IE elements. GENSER or SCI channels are used as a

The voice message may also be used as a RACKET (initial contact), 

(parameter report), or TROUT (triangulation) report, depending on th

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. COMMENTS. The TACELINT report advises joint forces of chang

updates to the ground, naval, and electronics orders of battle (EOB). 

message will be prepared whenever vital information is obtained. Th

may designate an internal or external organization to maintain the JT

data base. This will be published in the JTF letters of instruction and/

and the designated organization will be an information addressee on 

message traffic. Any information with less that 95 percent confidence 

be amplified in an appropriate free-text set.
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a. PURPOSE. The EADAT is used to report EA strobe data in the abse

TADIL A or TADIL B link.

b. ORIGINATOR. ADACP, AAWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, CRC/CRP, DS

3, TACC/TADC(M), TAOC.

c. ADDRESSEE. ADACP, AAWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, CRC/CRP, DS

E-3, TACC/TADC(M), TAOC, ABCCC.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Voice only.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required to repo

signal. Update every 5 minutes until location of jamming has been dete

f. COMMENTS. This message is used to report an EA strobe from an 

detecting unit’s position to an aircraft emitting EA. It is used to determ

location of a hostile or unknown aircraft emitting EA. It is reported by 

detecting unit to all units on a net when the data link is degraded or not 

operational. After receipt of several EADAT messages, it is possible to 

the source of enemy EA by comparing lines of bearing from the differe

(triangulation). Once this is accomplished, the EA aircraft can be engag

friendly interceptors or SAMs. Requirements for the EADAT terminate

the EA source is destroyed, the EA ceases or the TADIL reporting is re

soon as the tactical situation allows, a MIJIFEEDER report should be s
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a. PURPOSE. The SIEPCM is used to plan and coordinate SIGINT c

and EA communications or noncommunications missions. It is also a 

for requesting cross-Service assets to satisfy tasks beyond a compone

Service’s capabilities. 

b. ORIGINATOR. JIC(JTF), ASAC, ASWC, ASUWC, EWC, FOSI

OTC/CWC/ CATF, DSU(AF), RADBN DET.

c. ADDRESSEE. JIC(JTF), DIA, ASAC, AWUWC, EWC, OTC/CW

DSU(AF), RADBN DET.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Record only; SCI only.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. COMMENTS. Service component planners will use this message t

and/or preclude EA/EP mutual interference problems and to maximiz

SIGINT/EA resource coverage within the JTF’s AOR. The JTF head

incorporate the information from this message into the planning proc

Service component’s request for assistance beyond their capability w

the COMJTF and requires justification. Unless otherwise directed, th

or MSGCORRCANXs submitted subsequent to the initial message w

report only modification to the previous SIEPCM.

g. PROCEDURES. The SIEPCM is used to request and/or coordinate 

cross-Service EA/SIGINT information. If the C2/IE element (suppor

receives the SIEPCM needs more COMINT support, it sends a COM

message to the appropriate facility. The recipient of the COMINTAD

MSGCORRCANX to the SIEPCM what indicates acceptance of the 

COMINTADTSK. If the recipient for the COMINTADTSK is unable 

the tasking, he sends an RRI to inform the JIC(JTF). If COMINT cov

assistance is requested (without a SIEPCM), the tasking unit sends a 

COMINTADTSK to the appropriate tasked unit. If the tasked unit ac

task, he sends an RRI to the tasking Service component. If the tasked 

component is unable to accept the tasking, he sends an RRI to the tas

component and the JIC(JTF).
qg g()

a. PURPOSE. The ERTM is used by operational commanders to task r

under their OPCON for the purpose of ELINT collection, or to request 

collection from sources outside of their OPCON.

b. ORIGINATOR. JIC(JTF), ASAC, DSU(AF), AOC-INTEL, RADBN 

MAGTF-INTEL, TERPES.

c. ADDRESSEE. JIC(JTF), DIA, ASAC, EWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, D

AOC-INTEL, RADBN DET, MAGTF-INTEL, TERPES.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Record only. Transmission chann

GENSER or SCI as appropriate.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. COMMENTS. Component commanders submit the ERTM to the CO

(JIC(JTF)) when requesting ELINT collection outside their OPCON. If 

COMJTF approves the request, COMJTF (JIC(JTF)) will submit an ER

appropriate source internal or external to the joint force.

g. PROCEDURES. The ERTM can be used by operational commander

resources under their OPCON or request ELINT collection from sourc

their OPCON. If the resources are under the OPCON of the Service co

or JIC(JTF), the Service component or JIC(JTF) sends an ERTM to the 

supporting Service component. If the supporting Service component ac

tasking, the supporting Service component will perform the mission an

TACELINT message to the tasking Service component. If the supporti

component does not accept the tasking, the supporting Service compon

an RRI message to the tasking Service component. If the resources are 

the OPCON of the tasking Service component, the tasking Service com

becomes the requesting Service component and sends an ERTM to the 

for support. If the JIC(JTF) approves the request, the JIC(JTF) sends th

to the supporting Service component. The supporting Service compone

then send a TACELINT or TACREP, depending on the request, to the r

Service component with the JIC(JTF) as an information addressee.
ppq(Q)

a. PURPOSE. The AIRSUPREQ is used to request preplanned and im

close air support, interdiction, reconnaissance, surveillance, escort, h

airlift, and other aircraft missions.

b. ORIGINATOR. TOC, ASAC, ASWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, ABCCC

DASC, TACC/TADC(M), JOC(SOC/JSOTF), AFSOD, AFSOE, FOB

NSWTU, SFOB.

c. ADDRESSEE. JFACC (if desired), JOC, FCC, OTC/CWC/CATF, 

ABCCC, AOC, DASC, MAGTF COC, TACC/TADC (M), JOC(SOC

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. The primary method of transmi

record with voice as alternate; however, the best and most effective m

transmission should be based on the condition of the communication

The voice message formats are normally used for immediate requests 

time-on-target is less than 6 hours from the time of the request. COM

DESIGNATE THE DD-1972 (NON-JNTACCS) FORMAT BE USED 

PLACE OF THE AIRSUPREQ VOICE FORMATS.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE

(1) PREPLANNED. The AIRSUPREQ must be submitted in time 

supporting Service component so each Service component is able to 

request in its daily ALLOREQ to the JFACC (if designated). Each Se

component must specify a not later than deadline for daily receipt of 

AIRSUPREQs. If additional information becomes available on an ap

request, the requesting Service component may pass the information 

Service component using an AIRSUPREQ message.

CAUTION: The intent of the AIRSUPREQ to be submitted not later 

deadline for inclusion into the ALLOREQ during the air tasking cycl

preplanned mission requests must be clearly understood. The intent is 

battalions or squadrons to submit AIRSUPREQs more than 24 hours 

The intent is for the knowledgeable echelon to plan, coordinate, and r

detailed air missions they require in order to accomplish their missio

air tasking day. AIRSUPREQs submitted as preplanned mission requ

usually planned AND REQUESTED by a division or wing or higher 

planning staffs based upon the information they know at the time. A 

squadron, except in unusual circumstances, will not be aware of the c

tactical situation sufficiently in advance to provide air missions detai

preplanned AIRSUPREQs. APPROPRIATE PLANNING AND REQ
MISSION. If a battalion is aware, it should submit the AIRSUPREQ; i

only the division is aware, it must submit the AIRSUPREQ.

(2) IMMEDIATE. As required to request immediate air support. Th

AIRSUPREQ is transmitted when an unexpected requirement is brough

a changing tactical situation. The AIRSUPREQ is updated as necessary 

provide additional, essential mission details.

f. COMMENTS. The AIRSUPREQ can be used to request air support 

from the other Service components, if authorized, or from other Servic

components through the JOC/JFACC (if designated). NOTE: The AIR

does not apply to SAR and fixed-wing aircraft missions.

g. PROCEDURES. The AIRSUPREQ is used in the air tasking cycle; 

not a stand-alone message. For preplanned mission requests, the JOC/J

designated) should be an information addressee on all record AIRSUPR

messages.

(1) When an Amphibious Force (AF) is formed, the CLF will make 

air requests by submitting the AIRSUPREQ to the CATF. The CATF w

with the REQCONF message. If the CATF is unable to support the req

CLF or CATF (depending on the Service agreements) then submits the 

the JOC/JFACC (if designated).

(2) The following voice only messages are used as a backup for the 

AIRSUPREQ record MTF message for preplanned air support.

(a) Air Request Support (AIRREQSUP). This voice only messa

to request preplanned air support for escort, lift, and other missions. It i

used for fixed-wing airlift; for fixed-wing airlift use the AIRLIFTREQ 

(b) Air Request Jammer (AIRREQJAM). This voice only messa

to request preplanned and immediate EW air support missions.

(c) Air Request Reconnaissance (AIRREQRECON). This voice 

message is used to request preplanned and immediate aerial reconnaiss

support missions.
q(Q)

a. PURPOSE. The AIRREQJAM is used to request preplanned and im

EW air support missions. This message is transmitted by voice only. 

b. ORIGINATOR. ASAC, TOC, ASWC, OTC/CWC/CATF, ABCCC

DASC, TACC/TADC (M).

c. ADDRESSEE. JFACC (if designated), JOC, TOC, FCC, OTC/CW

ASOC, ABCCC, AOC, DASC, TACC/TADC (M).

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Voice only; it is a backup to the 

AIRSUPREQ record message.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. COMMENTS. The message is used as a backup means to the AIRS

record message for preplanned and immediate air support, or when ti

dissemination of information precludes record message formatting.
qy 

Deconfliction Message (EWDECONFLICT)

a. PURPOSE. The EWDECONFLICT is used to promulgate a list of p

guarded, and taboo frequencies so as to ensure friendly force use of the 

spectrum without adverse impact from friendly EA. 

b. ORIGINATOR. JOC.

c. ADDRESSEE. TOC, OTC/CWC/CATF, AOC, MAGTF COC.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Primary is record with voice as an 

Transmission channels are GENSER or SCI as appropriate.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. The Joint Restricte

Frequency List (JRFL) is constantly being modified and a EWDECON

needed (at least daily) to protect frequencies from being jammed or oth

of manipulation.

f. COMMENTS. The EWDECONFLICT message provides a rapid and 

means to promulgate the JRFL. The JRFL is the only authorized mecha

through which the Department of Defense can protect frequencies from 

or other forms of manipulation.
g, , g, 

Interference Feeder Report (MIJIFEEDER)

a. PURPOSE. The MIJIFEEDER is used as a primary means of shar

incidents in a timely manner, and provides for joint exchange of tacti

information, including electro-optic interference. 

b. ORIGINATOR. JIC(JTF), AAWC, ASWC, ASWOC, ASUWC, EW

OTC/CWC/CATF, AOC-INTEL, WOC-F, WOC-R, WOC-A, RADB

MAGTF-INTEL, TERPES, JOC(SOC/JSOTF), AFSOD, AFSOE, FO

NSWTG, NSWTU, SFOB.

c. ADDRESSEE. JIC(JTF), DIA, ASAC, AAWC, ASWC, ASWOC, 

EWC, FCC, FOSIC, OTC/CWC/CATF, SUBOPCONCEN, AME, AO

WOC-F, WOC-R, WOC-A, RADBN DET, TERPES, MAGTF-INTE

JOC(SOC/JSOTF), AFSOD, AFSOE, FOB, NSWTG, NSWTU, SFO

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Primary method of transmission 

with voice as alternate; GENSER.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As soon as any M

occurs. Use “IMMEDIATE” precedence.

f. COMMENTS. A MIJIFEEDER message should be sent even whe

about any unknown interference. A MIJIFEEDER can help resolve fr

mutual interference. The COMJTF will coordinate if the reported MI

was caused by external sources, the COMJTF will report the incident 

accordance with Reporting MIJI of Electromagnetic Systems, RCS: J

AR 105-3, OPNAVINST 3430.18, and MCO 3430.3. The MIJIFEED

transmitted or received by any C2/IE element in addition to those list

paragraphs b and c above. Any C2/IE element encountering MIJI mu

MIJIFEEDER
p()

a. PURPOSE. The SIREP is used to provide sensitive information on 

conditions that may have a significant impact on current planning of an 

operation, but of less time criticality than a TACREP. This message pro

sensitive file maintenance update mechanism. 

b. ORIGINATOR. JIC(JTF), DIA, ASAC, DSU(AF), RADBN DET.

c. ADDRESSEE. JIC(JTF), DIA, ASAC, AAWC, ASWOC, FCC, FO

OTC/ CWC/CATF, SUBOPCONCEN, DSU(AF), RADBN DET.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Record; SCI only.

e. FREQUENCY OF TRANSMISSION/UPDATE. As required.

f. COMMENTS. The SIREP may be used to supplement information 

disseminated in other reports; e.g. TACREP, ITREP. When used in thi

the reference set of the SIREP must identify the original message. A SI

reports information that affects planning rather than execution actions. 

SIREP may also be a feeder report for the SISUM. The SIREP is transm

SCI-capable units to higher, lower, and lateral C2/IE elements.
p g g()

a. PURPOSE. The STOP JAMMING message is used to terminate a 

task being conducted by an EA asset.

b. ORIGINATOR. Any established C2/IE element.

c. ADDRESSEE. Next higher headquarters and any established C2/I

specifically the C2/IE element (unit or facility) that might be affected 

disruption of tactical communications.

d. METHOD OF TRANSMISSION. Record, voice backup. GENSER

become primary if record means has been disrupted.

e. COMMENTS. The STOP JAMMING message is used by the CO

stop friendly jamming operations, when those operations are affectin

information flow. It is used by any C2/IE element to request terminat

friendly jamming operations which are affecting their information flo

of this message DOES NOT relieve the originator from the requirem

submitting a MIJIFEEDER report.
Electronic Warfare Tab Format

CLASSIFICATION

Copy no. ___ of ___ copies

OFFICIAL DESIGNATION OF C

PLACE OF ISSUE

Date/time group

Message reference number

TAB B TO APPENDIX 3 TO ANNEX C TO OPERATION PLAN (N

(Operation CODEWORD) (U)

ELECTRONIC WARFARE

(U) REFERENCES: List basic documents required.

1. (U) Situation

a. (U) Enemy. Refer to annex B. Provide an estimate of the enem

command, control, communications, noncommunications (e.g., r

EW systems, capabilities, limitations, and vulnerabilities. Identif

enemy’s ability to interfere with the accomplishment of the EW m

b. (U) Friendly. Provide a summary of friendly EW facilities, res

organizations that may affect EW planning by subordinate comm

Identify the friendly foreign forces with which subordinate comm

may operate.

c. (U) Civilian and/or Neutral Facilities. Identify the civilian and

facilities, resources, and organizations that may affect EW plann

Determine potential collateral effects.

CLASSIFICATION
d. (U) Assumptions. State any significant assumptions concerning 

enemy capabilities and COAs that significantly influence the plann

of EW operations.

2. (U) Mission. Provide a concise statement that describes the EW mis

how EW operations will support the mission in the basic plan.

3. (U) Execution

a. (U) Commander’s Intent. Describe the role of electronic warfare 

commander’s IO strategy. 

b. (U) Concept of Operations. Summarize the scope of EW operatio

methods and resources to be employed. Identify the employment o

organic and nonorganic capabilities. Identify how electronic warfa

support the other elements of IO and SEAD.

c. (U) Tasks. Use separate, numbered subparagraphs to assign indiv

tasks and responsibilities to each component or element of the join

MAGTF. Include all instructions that are unique to the specific com

or element.

d. (U) Coordinating Instructions

(1) (U) Provide instructions that may be applicable to two or m

components or elements.

(2) (U) Include support instructions for other types of operation

deception, unconventional warfare, psychological operations, S

(3) (U) Provide emission control guidance (place lengthy or det

guidance in an exhibit to this tab).

(4) (U) Coordinate with the G-6/S-6 to generate the RFL.

(5) (U) State or refer to policies, doctrine, and procedures that p

guidelines to be followed in order to implement this plan. Estab

additional guidance to be followed, as well as authorized deviat

standard practices. Identify and describe any EW constraints th

the operations.

CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIFICATION

6) (U) Provide guidance on the employment of each activity, 

measure, or procedure that is to be used but is not covered in 

4. (U) Administration and Logistics

a. (U) Administration. Include necessary administrative guidance

(1) (U) Provide guidance when modifications to Service elect

interference reporting instructions are necessary.

(2) (U) Identify required reports (include examples).

b. (U) Logistics. Provide special instructions pertaining to logisti

EW operations.

5. (U) Command and Signals

a. (U) Command. Designate the lead EW activity.

b. (U) Signals. Identify any special or unusual EW-related comm

cations requirements.

c. (U) After-Action Reports. Identify the requirements for afteraction reporting.

CLASSIFICATION
Glossary

Section I. Acronyms

ACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aviation com

AIRREQJAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . air req

AIRSUPREQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . air su

AJP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . allied join

C4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .command, control, com

an

CJCSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chairman of the 

of Sta

CJCSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 

COA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cou

COMSEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . communicat

DISA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defense Information Sys

DOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Departmen

EA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . elec

EADAT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electronic 

ELINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electroni

EMCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .emi

EP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electron

ERTM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ELINT requirement task

ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electronic wa

EW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electr

EWAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electronic war

EWCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electronic warfare coo

EWDECONFLICT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electronic warfa

deconflic

EWEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .electronic warfare employm

EWMSNSUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EW miss

EWO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .electronic w

EWRTM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . electronic warfare requesting/task

HARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . high-speed antiradi

IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .informatio

JCEWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint force c

electronic 
j

monitor

JFACC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint force air component c

JFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint force c

JFMO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint frequency manage

JIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .joint intellig

JIOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .joint information operat

JOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .joint operat

JP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint p

JRFL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint restricted fre

JSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Joint Spect

J-SEAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint suppression of enemy a

JTCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .joint targeting coordin

JTF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . join

JWAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint warfare ana

MAGTF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine air-ground 

MC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . military 

MCPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps Planni

MCWP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps warfighting 

MEF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Marine expediti

MEWSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mobile electronic warfare supp

MIJIFEEDER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meaconing, Intrusion, Jam

Interference Fee

MITNOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps Information Tech

Network Operati

MNF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . multinat

NATO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . North Atlantic Treaty O

NAWCWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Naval Air Warfare Center Weapon

NSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .National Secur

OCAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . operations control and ana

OPLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ope

OPNAVINST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office of the Chi

Operations 

OPORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oper

OPSEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . operatio

OTH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . over 

PIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . product improveme

RadBn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rad

RFL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .restricted fre

ROE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rules of e

SEAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . suppression of enemy a
pg

SIGINT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . signal

SIREP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .sensitive inform

SSU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . signals intelligence 

STANAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . standardizatio

STOP JAMMING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .stop jamm

TACELINT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tactical E

TACREP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t

TEAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .tactical EA-6B mission plan

TERPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tactical electronic re

processing and evalu

TFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TERPES fusi

US. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U

USSID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .United States Signal Intelligen

VHF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .very hi

VMAQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine tactical electronic warf

Section II. Definitions

battle damage assessment—The timely and accurate estimate 

resulting from the application of military force, either lethal or non-l

a predetermined objective. Battle damage assessment can be ap

employment of all types of weapon systems (air, ground, naval, 

forces weapon systems) throughout the range of military opera

damage assessment is primarily an intelligence responsibility w

inputs and coordination from the operators. Battle damage a

composed of physical damage assessment, functional damage asse

target system assessment. Also called BDA. (JP 2-0)

centers of gravity—Those characteristics, capabilities, or localities f

military force derives its freedom of action, physical strength, or 

Also called COGs. (JP 3-0)

commander, landing force—The officer designated in the order 

amphibious operation as the commander of the landing force for an 

operation. Also called CLF. (JP 3-02)

commander’s critical information requirements—A comprehe

information requirements identified by the commander as bein

facilitating timely information management and the decision making 

affect successful mission accomplishment. The two key subcom
y py gq

called CCIR. (JP 5-00.2)

communications security—The protection resulting from all measure

to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derive

possession and study of telecommunications, or to mislead unauthoriz

in their interpretation of the results of such possession and study. A

COMSEC. (JP 1-02)

directed energy—An umbrella term covering technologies that re

production of a beam of concentrated electromagnetic energy or 

subatomic particles. Also called DE. (JP 1-02)

electromagnetic deception—The deliberate radiation, reradiation, 

suppression, absorption, denial, enhancement, or reflection of elect

energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information to an e

enemy electromagnetic-dependent weapons, thereby degrading or n

the enemy’s combat capability. (JP 1-02)

electromagnetic jamming—The deliberate radiation, reradiation, or r

electromagnetic energy for the purpose of preventing or reducing a

effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum, and with the intent of d

neutralizing the enemy’s combat capability. (JP 1-02)

electronic attack—That division of electronic warfare involving 

electromagnetic energy, directed energy, or antiradiation weapons 

personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neut

destroying enemy combat capability and is considered a form of fires. 

EA. (Joint Pub 1-02)

electronic protection—That division of electronic warfare involving p

active means taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment 

effects of friendly or enemy employment of electronic warfare tha

neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability. Also called EP. (Joint 

electronic warfare—Any military action involving the use of elect

and directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to 

enemy. Also called EW. (Joint Pub 3-51)

electronic warfare support—That division of electronic warfare 

actions tasked by, or under direct control of, an operational commande

for, intercept, identify, and locate or localize sources of inten

unintentional radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of imme

recognition, targeting, planning and conduct of future operatio
pppq

electronic warfare operations and other tactical actions such as threa

targeting, and homing. Also called ES. (Joint Pub 3-51)

emission control—The selective and controlled use of electromagne

or other emitters to optimize command and control capabilities while 

for operations security: a. detection by enemy sensors; b. mutual 

among friendly systems; and/or c. enemy interference with the abili

a military deception plan. Also called EMCON. (JP 1-02)

essential elements of friendly information—Key questions likely 

by adversary officials and intelligence systems about specific friend

capabilities, and activities, so they can obtain answers critical to thei

effectiveness. Also called EEFI. (JP 1-02)

guarded frequencies—Enemy frequencies that are currently being 

combat information and intelligence. A guarded frequency is tim

that the guarded frequency list changes as the enemy assumes diff

postures. These frequencies may be jammed after the commander 

the potential gain against the loss of technical information. (JP 3-51)

imitative electromagnetic deception—The introduction of ele

energy into enemy systems that imitates enemy emissions. (JP 1-02)

information operations—Actions taken to affect adversary info

information systems while defending one’s own information and 

systems. Also called IO. (JP 3-13)

information security—The protection of information and informa

against unauthorized access or modification of information, whethe

processing, or transit, against the denial of service to autho

Information security includes those measures necessary to detect, do

counter such threats. Information security is composed of computer 

communications security. Also called INFOSEC.

joint restricted frequency list—A time and geographically-orient

TABOO, PROTECTED, and GUARDED functions, nets, and fre

should be limited to the number of frequencies necessary for frien

accomplish objectives. Also called JRFL. (JP 3-51)

joint suppression of enemy air defenses—A broad term that 

suppression of enemy air defense activities provided by one comp

joint force in support of another. Also called J-SEAD. 
jgg gp y j

commander to accomplish broad targeting oversight functions that m

but are not limited to coordinating targeting information, providin

guidance and priorities, and preparing and/or refining joint target 

board is normally comprised of representatives from the joint forc

components and, if required, component subordinate units. Also ca

(JP 3-05.5) 

joint task force—A joint force that is constituted and so designa

Secretary of Defense, a combatant commander, a subunified comma

existing joint task force commander. Also called a JTF. (JP 0-2)

landing force—A Marine Corps or Army task organization formed 

amphibious operations. The landing force, together with the amph

force and other forces, constitute the amphibious force. Also called LF

operations security—A process of identifying critical inform

subsequently analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operation

activities to: a. identify those actions that can be observed by 

intelligence systems; b. determine indicators that hostile intelligen

might obtain that could be interpreted or pieced together to der

information in time to be useful to adversaries; and c. select an

measures that eliminate or reduce to an acceptable level the vulner

friendly actions to adversary exploitation. Also called OPSEC. (JP 3-5

priority intelligence requirements—Those intelligence requirements 

a commander has an anticipated and stated priority in the task of pl

decision making. Also called PIRs. (JP 2-0)

psychological operations—Planned operations to convey selected i

and indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions

objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign go

organizations, groups, and individuals. The purpose of psychological 

is to induce or reinforce foreign attitudes and behavior favora

originator’s objectives. Also called PSYOP. (JP 1-02)

rules of engagement—Directives issued by competent military aut

delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States 

initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encoun

called ROE. (JP 1-02)

signals intelligence—1. A category of intelligence comprising either i

or in combination all communications intelligence, electronic intelli
ggg

derived from communications, electronic, and foreign instrumenta

Also called SIGINT. (JP 2-0) 

special information operations—Information operations that by th

nature and due to their potential effect or impact, security requiremen

the national security of the United States, require a special review 

process. Also called SIO. (JP 3-13)

transmission security—The component of communications securit

from all measures designed to protect transmissions from interceptio

tation by means other than cryptanalysis. (JP 1-02)

wartime reserve modes—Characteristics and operating procedure

communications, navigation aids, threat recognition, weapons, and 

sures systems that will contribute to military effectiveness if un

misunderstood by opposing commanders before they are used, b

exploited or neutralized if known in advance. Wartime reserve mode

ately held in reserve for wartime or emergency use and seldom, if ev

intercepted prior to such use. Also called WARM.
References

United States Signal Intelligence Directives (USSIDs)

200 Technical SIGINT Reporting

340 Tactical ELINT Reporting

341 Technical ELINT Reporting

Allied Joint Publiction (AJP)

3.6 Allied Joint Electronic Warfare Doctrine

Military Committee (MC)

64 NATO EW Policy

298 Mutual SIGINT Support Between National and/or Mul

Tactical Formations Within NATO

422 NATO Policy for Information Operations

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 

Standardization Agreement (STANAG)

5048 The Minimum Scale of Communications and Informati

Systems for NATO Land Forces

Joint Publications (JPs)

1-02 Department of Defense Dictionary of Military 

and Associated Terms

2-0 Doctrine for Intelligence Support to Joint Operations

3-0 Doctrine for Joint Operations

3-01.4 Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for 

Joint Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (J-SEAD)

3-02 Joint Doctrine for Amphibious Operations
ppgg 

Planning Procedures

3-13 Joint Doctrine for Information Operations

3-51 Joint Doctrine for Electronic Warfare

3-54 Joint Doctrine for Operations Security

5-00.2 Joint Task Force (JTF) Planning Guidance and Procedure

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instructions (CJCSIs)

3320.01 Electromagnetic Spectrum Use in Joint Military Operatio

3320.02 Spectrum Interference Resolution (JSIR)

6510.01 Information Assurance and Computer Network Defense

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Manuals (CJCSMs)

3122.03 Joint Operation Planning and Execution System, Volume 

Planning Formats and Guidance

3320.1 Joint Operations in the Electromagnetic Battlespace

Office of the Chief of Naval Operations Instruction (OPNAVI

3430.23 Tactical Electronic Warfare Reprogrammable Library

 (EWRL) Support Program

Marine Corps Warfighting Publications (MCWPs)

2-1 Intelligence Operations

2-15.2 Signals Intelligence