# Draft Information Collection Request for the
Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical,

and Radionuclides Rule si TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTION

................................ ............. 1 1(a) Title and Number of the Information Collection

................................ ............................ 1 1(b) Short Characterization

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 1

2 NEED FOR AND USE OF THE COLLECTION

................................ ................................ .... 3 2(a) Need/Authority for the Collection

................................ ................................ .................. 3 2(b) Uses/Users of the Data

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 8 2(b)(i) Uses of the Data

................................ ................................ ................................ 8 2(b)(ii) Users of the Data

................................ ................................ ............................... 9

3 NON

- DUPLICATION, CONSULTATIONS, AND OTHER COLLECTION CRITERIA

.. 11 3(a) Non

- duplication

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 11 3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to ICR Submission to OMB

................................ .......... 11 3(c) Consultations

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 11 3(d) Effects of Less Frequent Collection

................................ ................................ .............. 11 3(e) General Guidelines

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 12 3(f) Confidentiality

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 12 3(g) Sensitive Questions

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 12

4 RESPONDENTS AND INFORMATION REQUESTED

................................ ..................... 13 4(a) Respondents/NAICS Codes

................................ ................................ .......................... 13 4(b) Information Requested

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 13 4(b)(i) Data Items

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 13 4(b)(ii) Respondent Activities

................................ ................................ ...................... 28

5 INFORMATION COLLECTED

— AGENCY ACTIVITIES, COLLECTION METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

................................ ............ 41 5(a) Agency Activities

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 41 5(b) Collection Methodology and Management

................................ ................................ ... 42 5(c) Small Entity Flexibility

................................ ................................ ................................ . 43 5(d) Collection Schedule

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 44

6 ESTIMATING BURDEN AND COST OF COLLECTION

................................ .................. 46 6(a) Respondent Burden

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 47 6(a)(i) Burden to Public Water Systems

................................ ................................ ..... 47 6(a)(ii) Burden to Primacy Agencies

................................ ................................ ........... 50 6(b) Respondent Costs

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 52 6(b)(i) Cost to Public Water Systems

................................ ................................ .......... 52 6(b)(ii) Cost to Primacy Agencies

................................ ................................ ............... 52 6(c) Agency Burden and Costs

................................ ................................ ............................. 54 6(d) Estimating Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs

................................ .... 54 6(e) Bottom Line Burden Hours and Costs

................................ ................................ .......... 55 6(f) Reasons for Change in Burden

................................ ................................ ..................... 56 6(f)(i) Restructuring Adjustments

................................ ................................ ................ 57 6(f)(ii) Other Burden Adjustments

................................ ................................ ............... 58 6(g) Burden Statement

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 61ii LIST OF EXHIBITS

Exhibit 1: Structure of OGWDW ICRs

................................ ................................ ......................... 5

Exhibit 2: PWS Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

................................ ................... 14

Exhibit 3: Primacy Agency Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

................................ .. 19

Exhibit 4 : Regulated Organic Compounds and Inorganic Chemicals

................................ ......... 35

Exhibit 5 : EPA Requirements

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 42

Exhibit 6 : Collection Schedule

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 45

Exhibit 7 : Annual PWS Burden and Cost J anuary 1, 20 1 6

– December 3 1 , 201 8

...................... 53

Exhibit 8 : Annual Primacy Agency Burden and Cost January 1, 20 1 6

– December 31 , 20 1 8

... 54

Exhibit 9 : Bottom Line Annual Burden and Cost January 1, 2016

– December 31, 2018

.......... 56

Exhibit 10 : Summary of Changes in Annual Burden (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 57

Exhibit 11 : Restructuring Adjustments to the Annual Burden Inventoryfor the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR(Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

.. 58

Exhibit 12 : Adjustments to PWS Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

................................ .... 59

Exhibit 13 : Adjustments to Primacy Agency Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

.................. 60

Exhibit 14 : Adjustments to Annual Burden Carried Forward from Previous ICR Estimates (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

................................ .................. 61iii LIST OF FIGURES

Fig ure 1: Structure of OGWDW ICRs...............................................................

....... 5iv APPENDICES

Appendix A. Federal Register Notices Soliciting Comment on Information Collection Requests

Appendix B. Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix C. Stage 2 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix D. Chemical Phase Regulation Spreadsheets

Appendix E. Radionuclides Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix F. Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface Water Treatment Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix G. Arsenic Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix H. Lead and Copper Rule Spreadsheetsv ACRO NYMS

AMWA Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies

ASDWA Association of State Drinking Water Administrators

AWWA American Water Works Association

BATs Best Available Technologies

BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics

CCR Consumer Confidence Report

CCT Corrosion Control Treatment

CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CT Contact Time

CWS Community Water System

CWSS Community Water System Survey

DBP Disinfection Byproduct

DBPR Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

DDBP/Chem/Rads Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides

Rules

DWSRF Drinking Water State Revolving Fund

EA Economic Analysis

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

ERP Enforcement Respons e Policy

ETT Enforcement Targeting Tool

FACA Federal Advisory Committee Act

FR Federal Register

GWR Ground Water Rule

HAA5 Haloacetic Acids

ICR Information Collection Request

IDSE Initial Distribution System Evaluation

IESWTR Interim Enh anced Surface Water Treatment Rule

IOCs Inorganic Compounds

LCR Lead and Copper Rule

LCRMR Lead and Copper Rule Minor Revisions

LSL Lead Service Line

LSLR Lead Service Line Replacement

LT1ESWTR Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule

LT2ESWTR Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule

MCL Maximum Contaminant Level

MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal

MDL Method Detection Limit

MRDL Maximum Residual Disinfection Level

mrem Millirem

NAICS North American Industry Classi fication System

NAWC National Association of Water Companies

NDWAC National Drinking Water Advisory Council

NPDWRs National Primary Drinking Water Regulationsvi NRWA National Rural Water Association

NTNCWS Nontransient Noncommunity Water System

OECA Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance

OGWDW Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water

O&M Operation and Maintenance

OMB Office of Management and Budget pCi/L PicoCuries per liter

PN Public Notification

PRA Paperwork Reduction Act

P WS Public Water System

PWSS Public Water System Supervision RegNeg Regulatory Negotiation

RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act

SBREFA Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act

SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act

SDWIS Safe Drinking Water Information System

SMF Standardized Monitoring Framework

SOCs Synthetic Organic Compounds

SWAP Source Water Assessment Program

SWTR Surface Water Treatment Rule

TCR Total Coliform Rule

TNCWS Transient Noncommunity Water System

TOC Total Organic Carbon

TT HM Total Trihalomethane

UCMR Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule

UIC Underground Injection Program

VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds WQP Water Quality ParameterDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

1 

### 1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTION

1(a) Title and Number of the Information Collection

Title: Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules

OMB Control Number: 2040

- 0204

EPA Tracking Number: 1896.0 9

1(b) Short Characterization

The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW) in the Office of Water at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for managing the Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Program, a national program mandated by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Section 1412 of the SDWA requires EPA to establish National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) for contaminants that may adversely impact

human health. The Act requires EPA to monitor and enforce these regulations to ensure that the nation’s drinking water dep endably complies with the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) or maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs), as stipulated in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart B.

Section 1445 of the SDWA states that public water systems sh all conduct monitoring, maintain records, and provide such information as is needed for EPA to implement its monitoring and enforcement responsibilities with respect to the Act. Primacy agencies, state

governments that have assumed primary enforcement resp onsibility under SDWA section 1413

, ensure that PWSs are complying with these monitoring requirements

.

As part of the PWSS Program, OGWDW uses the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) to record some of the data collected as a result of NPDWR requirements. These data assist EPA in fulfilling its SDWA obligations. SDWIS is a database management system that assists EPA in tracking and interpreting violations data and other program

- related

data. R evisions are currently being made to SDWIS . EPA exp ects primacy agencies to fully transition to the revised system

, a centralized, cloud

- based system called SDWIS Prime

, in the subsequent ICR period.

This ICR was prepared in accordance with the October 2009 version of EPA’s Guide to Writing Information C ollection Requests Under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) of 1995 (or “ICR Handbook”) prepared by EPA’s Office of Environmental Information, Office of Information Collection, Collection Strategies Division. The ICR Handbook provides the most

current instr uctions for ICR preparation to ensure compliance with the 1995 PRA amendments and the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB’s) implementing guidelines.

Many information collection r equirements associated with SDWA and its implementing regulations are a ssociated with rulemakings that address specific contaminants or groups of

contaminants. This ICR examines PWS, primacy agency, and EPA burden and cost for chemicalDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

2 and disinfection byproduct regulations only. Microbial contaminants, such as those regulate d under the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), are addressed in the Microbial Rules ICR (OMB No.

2040

- 0205). Cross

- cutting recordkeeping and reporting requirements

— are addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090).

The specific chemical regulations addr essed in this ICR include the following :

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) 3) Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 4) Radionuclides Rule 5) Disinfectant Re sidual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 1
6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule (LCR)

This ICR estimates burden and costs for January 1, 2016

– December 31, 2018

.

The total annual burden associated with this ICR is estimated to be 5. 3 million hours per

year. The total annual cost associated with this ICR is estimated to be approximately $ 4 6 4.9

million. The distribution of annual burden between PWSs and primacy agenc ies is approximately

3. 3 million hours and 2.0 million hours, respectively (numbers may not add due to rounding)

. The distribution of annual costs between PWSs and primacy agencies is approximately $ 37 4 million and $ 9 0 million, respectively. There is no Ag ency burden or cost

. Section 6 and Appendices B through H provide details of all burden and cost estimates.

The approximate annual operation and maintenance (O&M) and capital costs are $ 2 59

million , with $ 2 53 million attributed for O&M and $ 5. 5 million for capital. This represents the “cost burden” as reported in the OMB inventory.

The total annual number of respondents for this ICR is 1 49

, 822

. Fifty

- seven of these respondents are primacy agencies and the remaining 1 49

, 765 respondents are existing PWSs. The total annual number of responses for these respondents is 12. 9 million ; 11. 9 million for

PWSs and 1.0 million for primacy agencies.

1 Includes only the SWTR components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities. All remaining SWTR requiremen ts are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

3 

### 2 NEED FOR AND USE OF THE COLLECTION

2(a) Need/Authority for the Collection

This s ection identifies the regulatory or statutory authority for the information collection activities covered in this ICR and explains EPA’s need for the information. A summary of the major types of recordkeeping and reporting requirements for the contaminants covered by this ICR is provided in Section 4 of this ICR

.

To allow the public to better understand the impact of the recordkeeping and reporting requirements stemming from the SDWA and 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142, OGWDW has organized its ICRs so that rela ted activities are addressed in the same ICR. Specifically, there are three primary ICRs

— the Microbial Rules ICR, the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical and Radionuclides Rules (DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules) ICR, and the Public Water Systems Supervis ion Program (PWSS Program) ICR. The Microbial Rules ICR includes rules addressing microbial contaminants, such as the TCR, Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR),

and the Ground Water Rule ( GWR ). The PWSS Program ICR includes public notification and

rules and programs addressing cross

- cutting requirements that are not contaminant

- specific. The DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR includes rules addressing chemical contaminants. The specific chemical regulati ons addressed in this ICR are :

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinf ection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) 3) Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 4) Radionuclides Rule 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface

Water Treatme nt Rule (SWTR) 2
6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) , including the Lead and Copper Rule Short Term

Revisions

For a graphical depiction of the structure of the OGWDW ICRs, see Figure 1. A complete itemization of the activities included in the three primary ICRs, as well as other drinking water program ICRs, is included as Exhibit 1.

The 1986 Amendments to SDWA require d the Agency to publish maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) and promulgate NPDWRs for 83 specific contaminants. Promulgation of

t he chemical

- related rules contained in this ICR complies with the statutory requirements for

some of these contaminants. Promulgation of the Stage 1 and Stage 2 DBPR s and the Arsenic

Rule complies with the 1996 amended statutory requirements for these cont aminants.

T he 1986 SDWA Amendments require d the EPA to propose and promulgate a NPDWR specifying criteria under which filtration would be required as a treatment technique for PWS s supplied by surface water sources ( section 1412 (b)(7)(C)(i)). Promulgat ion of the SWTR

2 Includes only SWTR components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities. All remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

4 satisfied this SDWA requirement. The SWTR includes disinfection residual monitoring requirements that are addressed in this ICR.

The information collected under this ICR is required by EPA to carry out its monitoring and enforcement respo nsibilities as specified under SDWA and its amendments . Without comprehensive, up

- to

- date information on these contaminants, the Agency would not be able to

meet the se statutory requirements.

Section 1412(b) authorizes EPA to establish NPDWRs to protect p ublic health. S ection 1445 of the SDWA requires that “every person who is a supplier of water shall establish and maintain such records, make such reports, conduct such monitoring, and provide such information as the Administrator may reasonably require b y regulation to assist him in establishing regulations, in determining whether such person has acted or is in compliance with

this title...”

In addition, section 1401(1)(d) of the SDWA 1986 Amendments defines NPDWRs to include “criteria and procedures t o assure a supply of drinking water which dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels; including accepted methods for quality control and testing procedures...” This section authorizes EPA to require systems and laboratories to use Agency

- appr oved methods and quality assurance criteria for collecting and analyzing water samples.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

5 Green = Activities remain as in current ICR Purple = Future rule to be addressed in stand

- alone ICR 

### Figure 1. Structure of OGWDW ICRs

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR

2040

- 0204

Stage 1 Chems LCR 3

Arsenic Stage 2 Rads Lab QA

2040

- 0246 Needs Survey

2040

- 0274

DW SRF

2040

- 0185 SWAP

2040

- 0197 Bioterrorism

2040

- 0253

UCMR 3

2040

- 0270 UIC Program ICR

2040

- 0042

Classes I

- VI PWSS Program ICR

2040

- 0090

Cap Dev V&E’s Proficiency

Testing

PN CCRs State Primacy

Activities

Op Cert Tribal Op Cert Constructed Conveyances

1 RTCR burden and costs incurred after April 2016 are being

added to TCR.

2 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR includes disinfectant residual monitoring under SWTR

3 Includes LCR Short

- Term Revisions Microbial Rules ICR

2040

- 0205

IESWTR SWTR 2

LT1 FBRR TCR/

RTCR 1

GWR

LT2 ADWR

UCMR 4

2040

- 0270Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

6 Exhibit 1: Structure of OGWDW ICRs

Currently covered To be covered in the future

PWSS Program ICR (2040

- 0090)

Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs) Variances & Exemptions Capacity Development Program General State Primacy Activities Public Notification (PN) Operator Certification Program

Tribal Operator Certification Constructed Conveyances Proficiency Testing Microbial Rules ICR (2040

- 0205)

Surface Water Treatment Rule, except disinfectant residual monitoring and associated

activities 3

Total Coliform Rule/ Revised Total Coliform Rule

Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) Filter Backwash Recycling Rule Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT1ESWTR) Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR)

Ground Water Rule Aircraft Drinking Water Rule Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR (2040

- 0204)

Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts

Rule Lead and Copper Rule Long Term Revisions

Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and associated

activit ies under the SWTR Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts

Rule

Chemical Phase Rules

Radionuclides Rule

Arsenic Rule Lead and Copper Rule Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) ICR (2040

- 0197)

SWAP Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program ICR (2040

- 0042)

UIC Base Program Activities

Classes I

- VI Rule s

Florida Class I Rule

3 Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities are included in the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

7 Currently covered To be covered in the future

Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) Program ICR (2040

- 0185)

Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Program Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey ICR (2040

- 0274)

Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey Title VI of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002: Drinking Water Security and Safety ICR (2040

- 0253) Vulnerability Assessments and Emergency Response Plans for community water systems (CWSs). Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule ICR (2040

- 0270)

Monitoring of Unregulated Contaminants (UCMR 3) UCMR 4

Laboratory Quality Assurance Evaluation Program for Analysis of Cryptosporidium ICR (2040

- 0246)

Proficiency Testing Program for Laboratories Analyzing Cryptosporidium Samples

To implement its compliance oversight and enforcement responsibilities under the SDWA, EPA requires PWSs to monitor for various drinking water contaminants. The results of this monitoring must be reported to primacy agencies, which in turn report a specified subset of

this information in SDWIS. Additionally, both PWSs and primacy agencies must maintain records of analytic r esults and other related activities (e.g., sanitary survey results). Without comprehensive, up

- to

- date information on drinking water contaminants (as provided by SDWIS),

EPA would not be able to implement the national drinking water program.

. If these mon itoring requirements were voluntary, EPA would not receive timely, comprehensive data on contaminant levels and associated acute and long

- term public health risks. Specifically, voluntary monitoring would not :

• Reliably occur with sufficient frequency.

• Fol low uniform national standards on quality of sampling, collection, and analysis.

• Ensure that monitoring addresses all contaminants listed in the regulations.

Additionally, EPA uses SDWIS data to estimate the costs of new regulations and to

conduct econom ic and policy analyses that promote cost

- effective regulatory approaches. These

uses are discussed in more detail in section 2(b) below.

Section 4 of the ICR contains a summary of the major types of chemical contaminant recordkeeping and reporting requir ements, as mandated by 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142. Specifically, most reporting required by PWSs can be found in 40 CFR 141.31, 141.34, and

141.35.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

8 Most recordkeeping requirements for PWSs are codified in 40 CFR 141.33, which requires that the results of ch emical analyses be kept for a period of at least 10 years. Reporting and recordkeeping required by s tates can be found in 40 CFR 142.15 and 142.14, respectively. 2(b) Uses/Users of the Data

2(b)(i) Uses of the Data

Primary users of the data collected under this ICR are EPA, PWS managers, and primacy agencies, which include state regulators and Indian Tribes

. This section contains more

information about how chemical

- related data are used specifically for analytical mo nitoring, regulatory enforcement, oversight of state programs, implementation assistance, economic and policy analyses, and other Agency and public data evaluations. Each of these functions is discussed in greater detail below.

Analytical Monitoring

PWS s maintain records on the analytical results of monitoring and use these data to :

• Evaluate the quality of water delivered to customers.

• Examine treatment efficacy.

• Determine compliance with national standards.

• Modify monitoring frequencies, schedules, and variances to address potential

health risks.

• Alert the public, when the system is not in compliance with federal and state regulations so that they may take actions to minimize exposure to potentially harmful drinking water contaminants. 4

Quarterly and annual reports that primacy agencies must submit to EPA include PWS

information , enforcement information and analytical results for certain violation s of the

NPDWRs

. This reporting is required to establish primacy and maintain eligibility for grants. A ll of this information is stored in SDWIS, which supports overall maintenance and retrieval of

information.

Regulatory Enforcement

Using SDWIS, system

- level compliance data may be compared from year to year and trends in compliance data can be evaluated at the system, state , and national program levels. Primacy agencies are responsible for enforcement activities and can use SDWIS data to track compliance progress in their jurisdictions

, to identify enforcement targets and remedial action s
, and to monitor progress of capacity development strategies. The primacy agency must also track enforcement actions issued against each PWS not in co mpliance with drinking water standards and evaluate the system’s status in meeting schedules designed to return the PWS to compliance.

4 The burden associated with implementing the public notification requirements is currently addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090)

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

9 On a quarterly basis, EPA uses the Enforcement Tracking Tool (ETT) to generate a list of

PWSs that are considered “pri ority systems” for enforcement

. T he Enforcement Response Policy (ERP) and ETT prioritize and direct enforcement response to systems with the most systemic noncompliance by considering all violations incurred by a system in a comprehensive way. If a

state h as failed to take timely and appropriate action, EPA may become directly involved in enforcement by issuing an administrative order. If the system does not comply with the order, EPA may seek an administrative penalty or court action.

Oversight of State Programs

State reporting is a condition for maintaining primacy. Primacy agencies play a crucial role in implementing the SDWA, and EPA is charged with overseeing the performance of these

s tates. EPA use s SDWIS data to develop summary statistics on indi vidual s tate performance.

Implementation Assistance

EPA and primacy agencies also use the data collected to assist small systems in implementing SDWA requirements, including developing variances and exemptions and evaluating PWS capacity. If a PWS is u nable to meet standard requirements due to source water quality or affordability concerns, a variance or exemption may be issued to allow the system to comply with slightly different drinking water standards or implementation schedules that are still

prote ctive of public health. Capacity development is a state program designed to help all drinking water systems, particularly small systems, enhance their technical, managerial and /or financial capacity to achieve or maintain their compliance with drinking wa ter regulations.

Economic and Policy Analyses

SDWIS data are used in the develop ment of economic analyses for proposed regulations or revisions of existing regulations. The data help to determine a system’s susceptibility and vulnerability to contaminants

. Data are also used by OGWDW to conduct analyses used in developing new policies, regulations, and guidance documents. When analyzing economic or financial impacts on the public water systems or consumers, EPA uses compliance data from
SDWIS, together with other national survey data, to estimate the number of systems that would have to install treatment technologies or apply contamination reduction measures to reduce public health risks. Without such data, EPA would be unable to predict costs a nd benefits that systems would incur under new or revised regulations.

2(b)(ii) Users of the Data

The information collected by EPA is made available to the public upon request, via EPA’s public website ( http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/pivottables

.cfm ) or by requesting the data via the Freedom of Information Act (40 CFR, Chapter 1, Par t 2).

Other organizations that utilize the data include :

• Staff from other EPA programs (such as Superfund, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and the Office of Enforcement and Compliance ( OECA ) )Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

10 • The Federal Emergency Management Administration

• Cen ters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

• Military bases

• Farmers Home Administration

• Department of Interior

• Department of Housing and Urban Development

• U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

• White House Task Forces

• American Water Works Association (AWWA)

• Associa tion of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA)

• National Rural Water Association (NRWA)

• National Association of Water Companies (NAWC)

• Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA)

• Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

11 

### 3 NON

- DUPLICATION, CONSULTATIONS, AND OTHER

COLLECTION CRITERIA

3(a) Non

- duplication

EPA has made an effort to ensure that the data collection efforts associated with this ICR are not duplicated. EPA has consulted state environmental programs, other f ederal agencies, and regulated entities

, such as PWSs and their representative trade associations. To the best of EPA's knowledge, data currently required by the SDWA and its drinking water regulations

, codified at

40 CFR Parts 141 and 142

, are not available from any other so urce.

3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to ICR Submission to OMB

To comply with the 1995 Amendments to the PRA, EPA solicited public comment on

this ICR for a 60

- day period before it was submitted to OMB. Specifically, EPA published a notice in the Federal Register (FR) requesting comment on the estimated respondent burden and other aspects of this ICR (Appendix A). EPA did not receive any comments during the 60

- day comment period.

An additional FR notice will be published prior to submission of this ICR to OMB. The public comment period for this additional notice is 30 days.

3(c) Consultations

As part of the revision of the PWSS ICR, in May 2015 EPA consulted with representatives of PWSs and states rega rding the accuracy of EPA’s burden estimates. The groups consulted were NAWC, NRWA, AWWA, AMWA, and ASDWA. EPA received

comments from ASDWA

. ASDWA’s comments were incorporated into this ICR to the extent possible. The end of each appendix to the ICR contai ns a table summarizing EPA’s previous and

revised burden estimates for the relevant rule.

3(d) Effects of Less Frequent Collection

EPA has considered a wide range of alternatives for frequency of data collection. EPA has chosen to require the least fr equent collection that remains consistent with the overall goal of protecting public health. If data are collected less frequently, primacy agencies may not identify in a timely fashion significant contaminant concentrations that might threaten the health and safety of drinking water consumers.

For some rules, the primacy agency has discretion in adjusting monitoring schedules, where possible

, by granting waivers or reducing the monitoring frequency and/or site s

. Monitoring frequencies vary based on the f ollowing :

• Type of contaminant.

• Type and size of system.

• System vulnerability.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

12 • Contaminant history.

• Factors contributing to DBP formation

.

3(e) General Guidelines

As previously mentioned, t his ICR was prepared in accordance with the October 2009 version of the ICR Handbook prepared by EPA’s Office of Environmental Information

.

3(f) Confidentiality

No confidential information will be collected as a result of this ICR.

3(g) Sensitive Questions

No information of a sensitive nature will be c ollected as a result of this ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

13 

### 4 RESPONDENTS AND INFORMATION REQUESTED

4(a) Respondents/NAICS Codes

Data associated with this ICR are collected and maintained at the PWS, state , and f ederal

levels. Respondents include :

• Owners/operators of PWSs, who must report to their primacy agency.

• Primacy agencies

, and EPA Regions that act as primacy agencies in Indian lands

and states that do not have primacy.

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code for PWSs is 22131.

The NAICS code s fo r state agencies that include drinking water programs are 92411 (Administration of Air and Water Resources and Solid Waste Management Programs) or 92312 (Administration of Public Health Programs). Ancillary systems (i.e., those that supplement the

function of other establishments like factories, power plants, mobile home parks, etc.) cannot be categorized in a single NAICS code. For ancillary systems, the NAICS code is that of the primary establishment or industry.

4(b) Information Requested

4(b)(i) Data Items

The data items that respondents will collect in implementing their responsibilities under

the chemical

- related drinking water regulations included in this ICR are summarized below.

Each PWS is required to report to its primacy agency monitoring results received from

laboratories. A s required by 40 CFR 141.33, PWSs must either maintain analytical reports or transfer the following information regarding sample results :

• Date, place, and time of sampling.

• Name of the person who collected the sampl e.

• Identification of the sample as a routine distribution system sample, check sample, raw or process water sample, or other special purpose sample.

• Date of analysis.

• Laboratory and person responsible for performing analysis.

• Contaminants for which the ana lysis was performed.

• Analytical technique/method used.

• Results of the analysis.

PWSs are required to submit and keep records on additional information such as public education on lead, monitoring plans, waiver applications, and disinfection calculations

.

Exhibit 2 further describ e s the respondent information collection requirements covered by the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

14 Exhibit 2 PWS Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

**General Requirements (apply to all regulations)**  **Reporting** Except where a different period is specified in an individual drinking water regulation, PWSs are required to submit the following to the state : Results of any test measurement or analysis required in 40 CFR Part 141. 40 CFR 141.31(a) At the end of the required monitoring period

Failure to comply with any NPDWR, including failure to

monitor. 40 CFR 141.31(b) and (c) As necessary, unless state lab performs analysis and reports

results to state Copies of records required to be

maintained under 40 CFR 141.33 and/or copies of

documents that the state is

entitled to under section 1445 of
SDWA or state law. 40 CFR 141.31(e) As requested

**Recordkeeping** Except where a different period is specified in an individual drinking water regulation, PWSs are required to retain the following information: Records of bacteriological

, or chemical analyses and related
information. 40 CFR 141.33(a) 5 years for bacteriological data; 10 years for chemical data

Records of actions taken by the
PWS to correct violations of

NPDWRs. 40 CFR 141.33(b) 3 years after last action taken

related to the violation

Copies of any written reports, summaries, or communications relating to sanitary surveys

. 40 CFR 141.33(c) 10 ye ars

Records concerning a variance or exemption granted. 40 CFR 141.33(d) 5 years following the expiration of the variance or exemption **Stage 1 DBPR**

**Reporting**

Report to the state specified sampling information (including MCL or MRDL exceedances)

about disinfectants, disinfection byproducts (DBPs) , and DBP

precursors. 40 CFR 141.134(a) through (d) Quarterly or as necessary for systems sampling less frequently than quarterly

Develop and submit application

to state for approval of

alternative minimum total organic carbon ( TOC ) removal

levels. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(3)and (4) As necessary

Develop and submit application

to state for approval of waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(4)(v) One timeDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

1 5 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

**Stage 2 DBPR Reporting**  Develop and submit an Initial Distribution System Evaluation ( IDSE ) Plan and Report or 40/30 certification or very small system

waiver. 40 CFR 141.600 One time

**Recordkeeping**

Records of IDSE Report s 40 CFR 141.601(c)(4) Ten years Results of operational

evaluations to be discussed with

states 40 CFR 141.626 Ten years

**Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V) Reporting**  Apply to state for asbestos monitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.23(b)(2) and (4) Every 3 years, if applicable

Apply to state for inorganic compound ( IOC ) monitoring

waiver. 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) and (3) Every 9 years, if applicable

Apply to the state to conduct more frequent IOC monitoring. 40 CFR 141.23(h) One time, if applicable

Apply to state for volatile organic compounds (VOC) monitoring

waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7) and (10) Every 6 years or frequency specified by state , if applicable

Apply to state for synthetic organic compound (SOC) monitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(h)(5) and 141.24(h)(7)(iv) Every 3 ye ars, if applicable

Notify state of MCL

exceedances. 40 CFR 141.23(m) through (o) As necessary

Submit written treatment technique certification to state regarding acrylamide and epichlorohydrin levels. 40 CFR 141.111 Annually, if applicable

**Radionuclides Reporting**  Notify state of MCL

exceedances for contaminants specified in 40 CFR 141.66(b)

- (e). 40 CFR 141.26(c)(5) As necessary

**SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities) Unfiltered Systems** 

**– Reporting** 

Disinfection information specified in 40 CFR 141.74(b) 40 CFR 141.75(a)(2) Within 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public **Filtered Systems**

**- Reporting** 

Disinfection information specified in 40 CFR 141.74(c) 40 CFR 141.75(b)(2) Within 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public

**Arsenic Rule** Subject to general requirements as listed above.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

16 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

**Lead and Copper Rule , Including October 2008 Short Term Revisions**  **Reporting** Report to the state any information required by the treatment provisions in Subpart I (especially 40 CFR 141.90). 40 CFR 141.80(i) As required

Tap water and water quality parameters (WQP) monitoring requirements

Water systems that exceed the

lead action level must

reevaluate lead service lines (LSLs) classified as “replaced” through testing if they resume lead service line replacement (LSLR) programs. 40 CFR 141.84(b) & (c) As necessary

Allows systems with less t han 5 taps to take one sample per tap if approved by state

. 40 CFR 141.86 (c) 141.80(c)(3)(v) One time

Report the specified information for all tap water samples and all WQP samples. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(1) End of the applicable monitoring period

Provide wri tten documentation

to the state identifying standing times and locations for enough

non

- first

- draw samples to make up its sampling pool under 40
CFR 141.86(b)(5). 40 CFR 141.90(a)(2)(i) As necessary

If the state has waived prior approval of non

- first

- draw sample sites selected by the system, identify, in writing, each

site that did not meet the six

hour minimum standing time and the length of standing time for that particular substitute sample. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(2)(ii) As necessary

For a wate r system deemed to have optimized corrosion control, a water system subject to reduced monitoring, or a water system subject to a monitoring waiver, send written

documentation to the state describing any addition of a new source or any change in water

trea tment. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii); As necessary

For a water system, prohibit systems that exceed the lead action level from initiating or remaining on reduced monitoring based solely on
results of WQP monitoring 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(vi)(B) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

17 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

For any small water system applying for a monitoring waiver, provide documentation to the

state demonstrating that it meets

the waiver criteria. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(i) As necessary

For each small system desiring to maintain its monitoring waiver, provide written
information to the state

. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(ii) Every 9 years

For each small system with a monitoring waiver, provide
written notification to the state if the system is no longer free of

lead

- containing or copper

containing materials. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(iii) As necessary, within 60 days after becoming aware of change

For each ground water system that limits WQP monitoring to a subset of entry points, provide written correspondence to the

state that identifies selected entry points and includ es information sufficient to

demonstrate that the sites are representative of water quality

and treatment conditions throughout the system. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(5) One time, as necessary

Provide the specified information

to the state if the state
calculates t he 90th percentile

concentrations. 40 CFR 141.90(h)(2) End of monitoring period

Source water monitoring reporting requirements

Report the sampling results for all source water samples

collected in accordance with 40
CFR 141.88. 40 CFR 141.90(b)(1) End of monitoring period

Specify any site which was not sampled during the previous monitoring period and explain why the sampling point has changed. 40 CFR 141.90(b)(2) As necessary, end of monitoring period

Corrosion control treatment reporting requirements

For systems demonstrating optimized corrosion control, provide the state information demonstrating that the PWS has conducted activities equivalent to the applicable corrosion control steps. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(2), 141.90(c)(1) One time, as nec essaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

18 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

For systems demonstrating optimized corrosion control, submit results of tap water monitoring and source water monitoring. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3) As necessary

For systems deemed to have optimized corrosion control, notify the state in writing prior to any change in treatment or of

the addition of a new source. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii) 141.86(d)(4)(vii); 141.86(g)(4)(iii); 141.90(a)(3) As necessary

Submit monitoring results that

show two consecutive monitoring periods that meet both lead and copper action

levels. 40 CFR 141.81(c) As necessary

Request in writing a modification of optimal CCT. 40 CFR 141.82(h) As necessary

For systems required to
evaluate the effectiveness of CCTs, report the information required by 40 CFR 141.82(c). 40 CFR 141.90(c)(3) As necessary

For systems required to install optimal corrosion control, submit a letter certifying that the system has completed installation. 40 CFR 141.90(c)(4) As necessary

Source water treatment reporting requirements

Provide to the state a recommendation regarding

source water treatment. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(1), 40 CFR 141.83(b)(1), 40 CFR 141.90(d)(1) As necessary, within 6 months of exceeding action level

Request in writing a modification

of source water treatment or

maximum permissible lead and copper concentrations. 40 CFR 141.83(b)(6) As necessary

For systems required to install source water treatment, submit a letter certifying that the system has completed installatio n of the designated treatment. 40 CFR 141.90(d)(2) As necessary, within 24 months
after state designates treatment

Public education program reporting requirements

Deliver written public education materials if a water system

exceeds the lead action level based on tap water samples. 40 CFR 141.85(a) & (c) As necessary, timing varies by type of system

Broadcast public service
announcements if a CWS

exceeds the lead action level based on tap water samples. 40 CFR 141.85(b) & (c) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

19 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

Water systems that exceed the lead action level must provide
information to additional at

- risk populations and must conduct specified public education

activities. Water systems must

include a statement on lead in
their CCR. Water systems certify

to state that activities have been

conducted. 40 CFR 141.85(a) & (b);14 1.154 As necessary

Apply to the state in writing to alter specified public education language (CWSs only). 40 CFR 141.85(c)(7) As necessary

W ater systems must provide consumers who occupy homes or buildings that are part of the utility’s monitoring program, with testing results when their drinking water is tested for lead and copper. Water systems certify to state that results have

been distributed. 40 CFR 141.80(g); 141.85(d); 141.90(f)(3) As necessary

For any water system that is subject to public education requirements, send written

documentation to the state that contains specified information. 40 CFR 141.90(f)(1) As necessary; end of each public education period

Primacy agencies review and maintain records on monitoring results

, approve monitoring plans, waivers, treatment changes, public education, and other documents submitted by PWSs. Primacy agencies report compliance and enforcement data to EPA , and apply to EPA for primacy to implement new drinking water regulations. Reporting and recordkeeping requirements for states are described in more detail in Exhibit 3.

Exhibit 3 Primacy Agency Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

**General Requirements (apply to all regulations) Reporting**  Submit reports to the Administrator containing new violations by PWS and new enforcement actions by states that occurred during the previous quarter. 40 CFR 142.15(a)(1) and (2) QuarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

20 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

**Recordkeeping** Maintain records of tests, measurements, analyses, decisions, and determinations performed on each PWS to determine compliance with applicable provisions of state primary drinking water regulations. 40 CFR 14 2.14(a) Varies

Retain files, which shall include
for each PWS in the state

, records of any state approvals and records of any enforcement

actions. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(2) and (3) 12 years

**Stage 1 DBPR Reporting** 

Review and make determination regarding approval of application for use of alternative
minimum TOC removal levels. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(1) As necessary

Review and make determination regarding application for approval of waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(4)(v) One time, as necessary

**Recordkeeping** Records of the currently applicable or most recent state determinations, including all supporting information and an explanation of the technical basis for each decision, made under the following provisions of
40 CFR Part 141, Subpart L for

the control of disinfectants and

DBP s. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12) 12 years

Records of systems that are installing granular activated

carbon or membrane technology. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(i) 12 years

Records of systems that are required, by the state , to meet
alternative minimum TOC removal requirements or for

whom the state has determined

that the source water is not

amenable to enhanced coagulation. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(ii) 12 years

Records of Sub part H systems using conventional treatment meeting any of the alternative compliance criteria. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(iii) 12 years

A register of qualified operators

that have met the state requirements. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(iv) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

21 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Records of systems with multiple wells considered to be one treatment plant. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(13) 12 years

Monitoring plans for Subpart H systems serving more than 3,300 persons. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(14) 12 years

List of laboratories approved for analyses. 40 CFR 142. 14(d)(15) 12 years

List of systems required to

monitor for disinfectants and

DBP s in accordance with Part 141, Subpart L. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(16) 12 years

**Stage 2 DBPR Recordkeeping** 

A record of all current monitoring requirements and the most recent monitoring frequency decision pertaining to

the contaminant

. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8) In perpetuity, until replaced or

revised

Records of IDSE monitoring plans submitted by PWSs plus any modifications, unt il replaced by approved IDSE reports. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(i) In perpetuity, until replaced or

revised

Records of IDSE reports and 40/30 certifications and any modifications required by the

state , until replaced or revised. 40 CFR 14 2.14(a)(8)(ii) In perpetuity, until replaced or

revised

Operational evaluations submitted by a system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(iii) Ten years

**Special Primacy Requirements**  An application for approval of a

state program revision that adopts 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart L, must contain a description of how the state will accomplish the program requirements. 40 CFR 142.16(h) One time

**Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V) Reporting**  Make determination regar ding asbestos waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.23(b)(3) and (4) 3 years, as necessary

Make determination regarding IOC waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) through (4) 9 years, as necessary

Make determination regarding
VOC waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7), (8), and (10) 6 years or frequency specified by state , as necessary Make determination regarding
SOC waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.24(h)(5) and (6) 3 years, as necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

22 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

**Recordkeeping**

Records for most recent vulnerability determination, including monitoring results and other data supporting the determination, the state’s findings, and any additional

bases for such determination. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(4) In perpetuity or until more

current vulnerability

determination has been issued

Records of all current monitoring requirements and most recent monitoring frequency decision pertaining to each contaminant, including the monitoring results and other data supporting the decision,

the state’s f indings, and any
additional bases for such

decision. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(5) In perpetuity or until a more recent monitoring frequency

decision has been issued

Records of most recent asbestos repeat monitoring determination, including monitoring results and other data supporting the determination, the state’s findings, and any additional

bases for the determination and

th e repeat monitoring frequency. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(6) In perpetuity or until more current repeat monitoring

determination has been issued

Records of annual certifications received from systems pursuant

to Part 141, Subpart K demonstrating the system’s compliance with the treatment techniques for acrylamide and/or epichlorohydrin. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(7) 12 years

**Radionuclides Reporting** 

Evaluate and draft written response for a system request to use historical monitoring

data. 40 CFR 141.26(a)(2)(ii)(C) As necessary

Determine whether to designate a system as vulnerable and notify system of the

determination. 40 CFR 141.26(b)(1) As necess ary

Designate system using waters contaminated by nuclear facility effluent and notify system of

determination. 40 CFR 141.26(b)(2) As necessary

**Recordkeeping** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities)**  **Reporting**Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

23 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Subject to general requirements as listed above **Recordkeeping**

Records of disinfectant residual

measurements and other parameters necessary to
document disinfection
effectiveness. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(i) 1 year

Records of decisions to allow an

unfi ltered or filtered PWS to sample residual disinfectant

concentration at alternate locations if it also has ground water source(s). 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4) (ii)(A)(4) and (6) 40 years, or 1 year after

decision is reversed or revised

Records of any decision that a violation of monthly contact time (CT) compliance requirements was caused by circumstances

that were unusual and unpredictable. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(B)(1) 1 year

Records of any decision that a

violation of the disinfection
effectiveness criteria was not caused by a deficiency in

treatment of the source water. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(B)(2) 1 year

Records of any decision that

failure to meet the disinfectant

residual concentration requirements of 40 CFR 141.72(a)(3)(i) was caused by

circumstances that were unusual and unpredictable. A copy of the decision must be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(2) 40 years, unless filtration is

installed

Records of decisions that an
unfiltered or filte red system has no means for having a sample transported and analyzed for heterotrophic plate count by a certified laboratory under the requisite time and temperature conditions and that the system is providing adequate
disinfection in the distribution syst em, so that the disinfection requirements do not apply, and
the basis for the decision. A copy of the decision must be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(9) and (10), respectively Until the decision is reversed or

revisedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

24 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Records of decisi ons that a system using a disinfectant other than chlorine may use CT

99.9 values other than those in
tables 2.1 or 3.1 and /or other operational parameters to
determine if the minimum total inactivation rates are being met. A copy of the decision must be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(13) Until the decision is reversed or

revised

**Arsenic Rule Reporting**  Subject to general requirements

as listed above **Recordkeeping** Subject to general requirements

as listed above

**Lead and Copper Rule**  **Reporting** Notify the system after an approval decision has been made in regards to the system’s request to add a new source of water or change a treatment process prior to implementation. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii); 141.86(d)(4)(vii); 141.86(g)(4)(iii); 141.90(a)(3) As necessary

Provide written notice to PWSs explaining the basis for determining if the PWS has optimized corrosion control and specifying the water quality control parameters that represent optimal corrosion

control. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(2) As necessary

Notify a system in writing of any determination requiring a system to repeat treatment steps previously completed. 40 CFR 141.81(c) As necessary

Specify corrosion control studies or optimal CCT (after a small or medium syste m exceeds the lead or copper action level). 40 CFR 141.81(e)(2) Within 18 months (medium systems) or 24 months (small systems) of exceedance

Designate optimal CCT (if a small or medium system has performed corrosion control studies). 40 CFR 141.81(e)(4) A s necessary, within 6 months of system completing studies

For small and medium systems, designate optimal WQP s. 40 CFR 141.81(e)(7) As necessary, within 6 months of system completing follow

- up sampling Notify PWSs in writing of decisions on optimal CCT. 40 CFR 141.82(d)(2) As necessary

Modify determinations of optimal CCT in writing. 40 CFR 141.82(h) As necessary or as requestedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

25 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Notify the system in writing of determinations regarding necessary source water

treatment. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(2), 141.83(b)(2) A s necessary, within 6 months of submission of monitoring

results

Notify the system in writing of designations for maximum permissible source water levels. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(5), 141.83(b)(4) As necessary within 6 months of completing tap and source water

mo nitoring. Provide in writing revised

source water treatment or maximum permissible lead and copper concentrations along
with a basis for the decision and an implementation schedule. 40 CFR 141.83(b)(6) As necessary or as requested

Review public education

materials content and consult

on activities. Review and track system certification. 40 CFR 141.85(a) As necessary

Notify a system in writing if a

shorter LSLR schedule is required. 40 CFR 141.84(e) As necessary, within 6 months after system triggered int o LSLR

Review and track system certification regarding distribution of tap samples to individual monitoring locations. 40 CFR 141.80(g); 141.85(d); 141.90(f)(3) As necessary

Notify the system of approval of

non

- first

- draw sample sites. 40 CFR 141.86(b)(5) As necessary

If applicable, review system request and approve in writing or by site verification the number of taps for sampling. 40 CFR 141.80(c)(3)(v); 141.86 (c) One time

Specify sampling locations when a system is conducting

reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 141.86(c) As necessary

Notify the system in writing

when the state determines that a system is eligible to commence reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(ii) & (iii) As necessary

Notify system of alternate period for collecting reduc ed lead and copper tap samples. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(iv)(B) As necessary

Document in writing the
decision and rationale for invalidating a sample. 40 CFR 141.86(f)(3) As necessary

Notify the system in writing of its

waiver determination and the
conditions of the waiver. 40 CFR 141.86(g)(3) As necessary

Notify a system if its waiver has

been revoked. 40 CFR 141.86(g)(5)(iii) As necessary

Review additional monitoring data and reports from systems

that have exceeded the lead

action level. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(vi)(B) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

26 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Report to EPA the following information related to each system’s compliance with lead and copper requirements:

For each large and medium PWS, all 90th percentile lead levels calculated during each monitoring period, and the first and last day of the monitoring period for which the 90th percentile lead level was

calculated. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(A) Quarterly

For each small PWS, the 90th percentile lead level calculated during each monitoring period in

which the systems exceeds the lead action level, and the first and last day of each monitoring period in which an exceedance

occurred. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(B) Quarterly

For each PWS, the 90th percentile copper level calculated during each monitoring period in w hich the system exceeds the copper action level, and the first and last day of each monitoring period in which an exceedance

occurred. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(C) Quarterly

For each PWS for which the

state has designated optimal
WQP s or which the state ha s deemed to have optimized corrosion control, the date of the

determination and the paragraph(s) under which the

state made its determination. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(D) Quarterly

For each PWS required to begin replacing LSLs , the date each system must b egin replacement. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(E) Quarterly

For each PWS that has implemented optimal corrosion control, completed applicable

source water treatment requirements or completed
LSLR requirements and the
date of the state's determination

that these requirements have

been met. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(F) QuarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

27 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

**Recordkeeping** Maintain records of currently applicable or most recent state determinations, including all supporting information and explanation of technical basis

for each decision. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8) 12 years

For any system deemed to be optimized, maintain records of any conditions imposed by the

state to ensure the continued operation and maintenance of CCT in place. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(i) 12 years

Maintain records of decisions to require a system to conduct
CCT studies. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(ii) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of optimal CCT. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(iii) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of optimal WQPs. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(iv) 12 years

Maintain records of decisions to modify a PWS’s optimal CCT or
WQPs. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(v) 12 years

Maintain records of

determinations of source water

treatment. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(vi) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of maximum permissible concentrati ons of lead and copper in source

water. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(vii) 12 years

Maintain records of determinations establishing
shorter LSLR schedules. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(viii) 12 years

Maintain records of

determinations of additional monitoring requirements and/or other actions required to maintain optimal corrosion control by systems monitoring for lead and copper at the tap less frequently than once every six months that change

treatment or add a new source
of water. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(ix) 12 years

Mainta in records of system

specific decisions regarding the content of written public
education materials and/or the
distribution of these materials. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(x) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

28 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Maintain records of system

specific determinations regarding use of non

- first

- d raw samples at NTNCWSs and CWSs that operate 24 hours a day. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xi) 12 years

Maintain records of system

specific designations of sampling locations for systems subject to reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xii) 12 years

Maintain re cords of system

specific determinations pertaining to alternative sample collection periods for systems subject to reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xiii) 12 years

Maintain records of determinations of small system monitoring waivers, waiver recertifications, and waiver

revocations. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xiv) 12 years

Maintain records of determinations regarding representative entry point locations at ground water systems. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xv) 12 years

Maintain records of reports and any ot her information submitted by PWSs. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(9) 12 years

Maintain records of state activities to verify compliance

with state determinations. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10)(i) 12 years

Maintain records of state activities to verify compliance with the requirements related to partial LSLR and compliance
with LSLR schedules. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10)(ii) 12 years

Maintain records of state activities to invalidate tap water lead and copper samples. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10 )(iii) 12 years

Maintain records of each system’s currently applicable or most recently designated monitoring requirements. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(11) 12 years or until a new decision, determination, or designation

has been issued

4(b)(ii) Respondent Activities

PWSs and primacy agencies must complete the activities described in the sections below.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

29 Public Water Systems

PWS s are required to monitor for compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs as established in 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart B. Public water sys tem o wners and operators are required to report laboratory results to the state at frequencies specified in EPA regulations. In addition, they are required to record, maintain, and report the analytical results of these monitoring efforts in

accordance wit h 40 CFR Part 141, Subparts C and D. General activities carried out by PWSs implementing the regulations addressed in this ICR include :

• Planning activities associated with rule implementatio n, such as establishing monitoring plans

.

• Data collection such as identifying sample sites and collecting samples.

• Analyzing samples collected.

• Processing, compiling, and reviewing information created.

• Developing and distributing reports and other documents.

• Recording and maintaining the information.

Specific activities are described in Exhibit 2.

Primacy Agencies

States are currently required to maintain records of state verification activities and each determination made and to report to EPA through SDWIS in accordance with state reporting requirements (se ction 142.14). Primacy agencies ensure the implementation of the rules covered by this ICR. To meet their responsibilities, the primacy agencies conduct the following

activities: 5

• Coordinate with EPA.

• Notify systems of requirements.

• Make compliance determinations.

• Provide training and technical assistance to PWSs.

• Maintain data management systems.

• Establish the monitoring schedules.

• Review plans and specifications.

• Enter monitoring and enforcement data.

• Keep records and supporting information, includ ing state determinations and explanations for technical decisions regarding rule implementation.

Following is a detailed description of monitoring and other data collection and reporting requirements for each of the drinking water rules included in this ICR (see also Exhibit 3)

.

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The Stage 1 DBPR applies primarily to community water systems (CWSs) and nontransient noncommunity water systems (NTNCWSs) that add a chemical disinfectant

5 S ome of the general activities conducted by state s are included in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB 2040

- 0090 ).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

30 anywhere in the t reatment process. Transient noncommunity water systems (TNCWSs) that add a disinfectant are subject to requirements on chlorine dioxide only. The regulation establishes:

• MCL for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) ( 40 CFR 141.64).

• MCLs for haloacetic acids (HAA5), bromate, and chlorite ( 40 CFR 141.64).

• MRDLs for chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide ( 40 CFR 141.65).

• T reatment techniques for DBP precursors ( 40 CFR 141.135).

• Best Available Technologies (BATs) for controlling DBP s and disinfectants ( 40

CFR 141.64 and 141.65, respectively).

The information collection requirements necessary to comply with these requirements include monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping

. Public water systems must report the number of samples and the sampling site , date, and results of each sample taken in the last monitoring period . For many of the DBPs and disinfectants, systems must also calculate the running annual average of sample results to determine compliance with the MCL or MRDL. All systems are required to conduct compliance monitoring in this ICR period. The Stage 2 DBPR modified how compliance with the MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 is calculated

. For p ublic water systems that take samples at more than one sampling site, the MCL is now calc ulated based on a running annual average at each sampling location rather than by averaging the sampling results at different locations. Other Stage 1 DBPR requirements remain unchanged.

MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCLs)

TTHM and HAA5 MCLs

(a) Small Subpar t H 6 Systems Serving Fewer Than 500 People

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per year for both TTHM and HAA5.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). No reduced monitoring is allowed.

• Compliance Requirements ( 40 CFR 141.133). If the average of samples taken during the year exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to one sample per plant per quarter. Compliance with the MCL is based on an annual arithmetic average.

(b) Small Su bpart H Systems Serving 500

- 9,999 People

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L and source water TOC < 4.0 mg/L prior to treatment may reduce monitoring to one sample per plant per year. If a system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectively, it must revert to routine monitoring.

6 Subpart H systems include all PWSs using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water as a source (40 CFR 141.2).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

31 (c) Large Subpart H Syst ems Serving at Least 10,000 People

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take four samples per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L and source water TOC < 4.0 mg/L prior to treatment may reduce samples to one sample per plant per quarter. If a system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectively, it must revert to routine monitoring.

(d) Small Ground Water Syst ems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per year for both TTHM and HAA5.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L for 2 consecutive years or TTHM < 0.020 / HAA5 < 0.015 for one year may reduce samples to one sample per plant per

three

- year monitoring cycle.

• Compliance Requirements ( 40 CFR 141.133). If the average of samples taken during the year exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to one sample per plant per quarter. Compliance with the MCL is based on an annual arithmetic average.

(e) Large Ground Water Systems Serving at Least 10,000 People

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). CWSs and NTN CWSs must take one sample per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L may reduce samples to one sample per plant

per year. If a system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectively, it must revert to routine monitoring.

Chlorite MCL

Chlorite is an inorganic DBP formed when drinking water is treated with chlorine dioxide. The MCL for chlorite is 1.0 mg/L. CWSs and NTNCWSs that use ch lorine dioxide must conduct chlorite monitoring.

• Routine Daily Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems must take daily samples at the entrance to the distribution system. If any sample exceeds the MCL, the system must take additional samples the following d ay at the following three locations: as close as possible to the first customer; a location representative of average residence time; and a location reflecting the maximum residence time.

• Routine Monthly Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Each month, systems mus t take one sample at each of the three following distribution system locations : nearDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

32 the first customer, at a location representative of average residence time, and at a location reflecting maximum residence time in the distribution system

.

• Reduced Monthly Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). After one year of routine monitoring, systems may reduce to one 3

- sample set per quarter if the MCL has not been exceeded during that year by any individual sample and the system has not been required to take any follow

- up samples. A system may remain on reduced monitoring if all three of the individual chlorite samples do not exceed

the MCL. If a system conducting reduced monitoring exceeds the MCL and the daily sample does not exceed the MCL, it must revert to routine moni toring.

Bromate MCL

Bromate is one of the principal byproducts of ozonation in source water containing

bromide. The MCL for bromate is 0.010 mg/L. CWSs and NTNCWSs that use ozone for disinfection or oxidation must conduct bromate monitoring.

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems must take one sample per month for each plant using ozone at the entrance to th e distribution system while

the ozonation system is in operati on

.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). A system may take one sample per plant per quarter if its annual average source water bromide concentration is less than 0.05 mg/L, based on a monthly measurement. If the running annual average bromide concentration is >0.05 mg/L

, the system must conduct routine monitoring. The system must continue to monitor for bromide to remain on reduced bromate monitoring.

MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS (MRDLs)

Disinfectants are added during water treatment to control waterborne microbial

contaminants. Some residual disinfectants will re main in water after treatment. Setting MRDLs
protect s public health by limiting the level of residual disinfectant in drinking water while ensuring sufficient disinfectant remains in the drinking water to protect against waterborne

microbial contaminants.

Chlorine and Chloramines MRDLs

Chlorine is a widely used disinfectant. The MRDL for chlorine is 4.0 mg/L. Chloramines are formed when ammonia is added during chlorination to suppress formation of many byproducts. The MRDL for chloramines is 4.0 mg/L (me asured as Cl 2 ).

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take samples for the residual disinfectant levels at the same points in the distribution system and at the same time as total coliform samples

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

33 Chlorine Dioxide MRDL

Chlorine dioxide is used primarily for the oxidation of taste

- and odor

- causing organic compounds in water

. About 60 to 70 percent of the chlorine dioxide is converted to chlorite in the treatment process. This provision applies to CWSs, NTNCWSs, and TNCWSs.

• Routi ne Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems must take a daily sample at the entrance to the distribution system. If any sample exceeds the MRDL, the system must take three additional samples the following day in the distribution system.

DBP P RECURSORS

Subpa rt H systems employing conventional filtration must monitor for TOC and alkalinity in their source and finished water. These samples determine treatment technique requirements.

• Routine Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems must take one paired sample

per month of TOC in source water and treated water. These samples must be taken simultaneously. Additionally, systems must take one alkalinity sample per month at the same time as the source water TOC sample.

• Reduced Monitoring ( 40 CFR 141.132). Systems may ta ke one paired sample per quarter if their average treated water TOC is less than 2.0 mg/L for two consecutive years or less than 1.0 mg/L for one year. The alkalinity sample is

taken at the same time. If the average treated water TOC in these systems is > 2.0 mg/L, the public water system must conduct routine monitoring.

MONITORING PLANS

Under the Stage 1 DBPR, each public water system was required to develop a monitoring plan ( 40 CFR 141.132) , and have the plan readily available to the public and the st ate. The state may require changes in any element of the system’s monitoring plan.

2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfectant Byproducts Rule

The Stage 2 DBPR builds on the 1998 Stage 1 DBPR by requiring reduced levels of disinfectant byproducts (DBPs) in dis tribution systems. The Stage 2 DBPR is designed to reduce DBP occurrence peaks in the distribution system

. The numerical MCLs for the Stage 2 DBPR are the same as for the Stage 1 DBPR MCLs. In Stage 2 DBPR , the TTHM and HAA5 MCLs compliance is determined at each monitoring location, while Stage 1 DBPR requires a system to average results over all monitoring locations.

Each rule activity is described below. Implementation activities and IDSE s, along with Stage 2 monitoring plans, w ere completed during previous ICR period s

.

Systems

Most PWSs will be involved in the following collection activities:Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

34 Additional Routine Monitoring

Under Stage 2 DBPR

, public water systems determined the number of samples and the locations of the sampl ing sites to comply with the regulation. In some cases, the number of samples and locations remained the same as in Stage 1 DBPR. Th ese activities continue during this ICR period and are based on the monitoring plan submitted during a previous ICR period

. The compliance date varies based on system size and other factors. Systems activities are included

below :

• Conduct additional routine monitoring

.

• Determine if provisions for reduced monitoring are satisfied

.

• Determine if increased monitoring is required

.

Operational Evaluations

A system exceeds an operational evaluation level at any monitoring location when the sum of the two previous quarters’ compliance monitoring results plus twice the current quarter ’ s result at one location, divided by 4, exceeds 80 μg/L for TTHM or 60 μg/L for HAA5. If an operational evaluation level is exceeded, systems must:

• Conduct an operational evaluation

.

• S ubmit a written report to the state no later than 90 days after being notified of the analytical result that resulted in the operational evaluation level exceedances

.

States

State officials serve as respondents when reporting compliance data to EPA. States are currently required to maintain records of verification activities and each determination made and report to EPA through SDWIS.

States are anticipated to be involved in several activities as described below. Note that state review of IDSE reports and proposed monitoring plans was completed during a previous ICR period.

Additional Routine Monitoring

• Review and evaluate monitoring data submitted by systems

.

Operational E valuations

• Review operational evaluations from systems

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

35 Recordkeeping

In addition to existing recordkeeping requirements, states must follow Stage 2 DBPR specific recordkeeping requirements in section 142.14 (a)(8) which include :

• Any decisions made pursuant to IDSE and Stage 2 DBPR site requirements, until replaced or revised

.

• Records of IDSE reports and 40/30 certifications and any modifications required by

the state , until replaced or revis ed.

• Operational evaluations submitted by a system, for 10 years following submission.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

The chemical monitoring requirements apply only to CWSs and NTNCWSs, except that

TNCWSs must sample for nitrate and nitrite. Monitoring requireme nts follow the standardized monitoring framework ( SMF ) schedule established by the rule. Under the SMF, 9

- year compliance cycles were established; the first cycle lasted from January 1, 1993 to December 31,

2001 ; t he second cycle began on January 1, 2002, and ends on December 31, 2010 ; and the third cycle began January 1, 2011 and will end December 31, 2019

. Each nine

- year cycle consists of three, 3

- year compliance periods (e.g., from January 1, 2011 , to December 31, 2013 ; from January 1, 2014 , to December 31, 2016 ; and from January 1, 2017 , to December 31, 2019 ).

The compounds and contaminants addressed by the Chemical Phase Rules are listed in

Exhibit 4

. A more detailed description of the monitoring requirements for inorganic compounds ( IOC s) , volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) follow s

.

Exhibit 4 Regulated Organic Compounds and Inorganic Chemicals

Phase of Regulation Inorganic Chemicals Synthetic Organic Compounds Volatile Organic Compounds

Phase I 7 N/A N/A Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride

p

- Dichlorobenzene Trichloroethylene Vinyl Chloride 1,1,1

- Trichloroethane 1,1

- Dichloroethylene 1,2

- Dichloroethane

7 The Phase I rule contaminants were included for completeness. However, the Phase II rule superseded the Phase I rule. Some of the Phase I unregulated contaminants became regulated under Phase II and additional contaminants were added to the list of unregulat ed contaminants.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

36 Phase of Regulation Inorganic Chemicals Synthetic Organic Compounds Volatile Organic Compounds

Phase II Asbestos
Cadmium
Chromium

Fluoride Mercury

Nitrate

Nitrite
Selenium Alachlor

Atrazine
Carbofuran
Chlordane Ethylene dibromide
DBCP Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide

Lindane Methoxychlor Toxaphene Polychlorinated byphenyl 2,4

- D 2,4,5

- TP (Silvex) cis

- 1,2

- Dichloroethylene Ethylbenzene

Monochlorobenzene

o

- Dichlorobenzene Styrene Tetrachloroethylene

Toluene

trans

- 1,2

- Dichloroethylene Xylenes 1,2

- Dichloropropane

Phase IIB Barium Pentachlorophenol N/A

Phase V Antimony Beryllium Cyanide Nickel (remanded)

Thallium Benzo(a)pyrene Dalapon Di(2

- ethylhexyl)

- adipate Di(2

- ethylhexyl)

- phthalate

Dinoseb Diquat

Endothall

Endrin Glyphosate

Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Oxamyl

Picloram
Simazine 2,3,7,8

- TCDD (Dioxin) Dichloromethane 1,1,2

- Trichloroethane 1,2,4

- Trichlorobenzene

Arsenic Rule Arsenic NA NA

INORGANIC CHEMICALS

This section summarizes the IOC monitoring requirements for the last year of the second

3

- year compliance period and the first two years of the third 3

- year compliance period of the

third 9

- year compliance cycle

. T he third 9

- year compliance cycle beg an on January 1, 2011 , and

the third 3

- year compliance period begins on January 1, 2017

. For the purposes of monitoring requirements, the IOCs regulated under Phases II and IIB are asbestos, barium, cadmium, chromium, fluoride, mercury, nitrite, nitrate, an d selenium. The IOCs regulated by Phase V are antimony, beryllium, cyanide, and thallium. The MCL for nickel, which was initially i ncluded as part of Phase V, was remanded on February 9, 1995. This means that, while many water suppliers continue to monitor nickel levels in their water, there is currently no EPA legal limit on the amount of nickel in drinking water. Arsenic was regulated under the 1976 standards for IOCs but is now addressed separately in the Arsenic Rule.

During each 3

- year compliance per iod, ground water systems must take one sample at each sampling point. Surface water systems must take one sample annually at each sampling point. If results from any sampling events are above the MCL, the PWS must begin quarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

37 sampling during the next calendar quarter. The PWS must continue quarterly sampling until the

state determines that the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly samples for ground water systems and four consecutive quarters fo r surface water systems. Once the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL, ground water systems are then required to sample triennially, and surface water systems must sample annually.

After three consecutive sampling rounds in which samplin g results are below the MCL , a PWS may apply to the state for a waiver. Should the state grant a waiver, the PWS is required to sample only once every nine years. IOC waivers must be renewed every nine years.

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

This section summarizes VOC monitoring requirements for most of the third 3

- year compliance period of the third compliance cycle, as described in 40 CFR 141.24(f).

For VOCs, surface water systems must take one sample annually at each sampling point. During each three

- year compliance period, ground water systems must take one sample at each sampling point (after initially sampling annually)

. If any sample exceeds the method detection limit (MDL) of 0.0005 mg/l, the PWS must begin quarterly monitoring d uring the next calendar

quarter. Quarterly sampling must continue until the state determines that the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly samples for ground water systems and four consecutive quar ters for surface water systems. However, if the detection that triggered the increased sampling exceeds the MCL, the PWS must take a minimum of four consecutive quarterly samples, regardless of whether it is served by ground water or surface

water. Once th e samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL, the state may reduce the sampling frequency to once per year, provided repeat sampling is conducted during the calendar quarter that previously yielded the highest analytical result.

Systems may ap ply to the state for a waiver after initial monitoring provided VOCs are

not detected

. The maximum waiver period for ground water sampling points is six years. The initial waiver must be renewed within the first three years of issuance, but subsequent waiv ers may be renewed at the end of the six

- year period. A ground water system must collect one sample within the first compliance period and at least one sample during each six

- year waiver period. For surface water systems, the maximum waiver period is three years, but there is no

minimum f ederal sampling frequency. The state determines the sampling schedule for surface water systems with a three

- year waiver.

SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

This section summarizes the SOC monitoring requirements for most of th e third 3

- year compliance period of the third compliance cycle

, as described in 40 CFR 141.24(h).

Systems serving more than 3,300 people are required to take two SOC samples every three years. For systems that serve fewer than 3,300 people, one sample i s required every three

years. If a contaminant is detected at any sampling point, the water system must begin quarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

38 sampling during the next calendar quarter. Quarterly sampling must continue until the state determines that the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly samples for ground water systems and four consecutive quarters for surface water systems. However, if the detection that triggered the increased sampling exceeds the MCL, then the PWS must take a minimum of four consecutive quarterly samples, regardless of whether it is served by ground water or surface water. Once the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL, the state may reduce the sampling frequency to once per year,

prov ided repeat sampling is conducted during the calendar quarter that previously yielded the highest analytical result.

After three years of annual monitoring without SOC detections, systems may apply for a

waiver. Waivers are effective for one compliance period (i.e., three years). They must be renewed in each subsequent compliance period, or the system must return to the sampling frequency specified for its size.

4) Radionuclides Rule

On December 7, 2000, EPA promulgated a revised radionuclides regulatio n. The revised rule completely supersedes the requirements established in the original 1976 Rule. The Radionuclides Rule, which is applicable only to CWSs, revised and amended 40 CFR Parts 141

and 142 an d:

• Sets an MCLG of zero for all radionuclides.

• Maintains the 1976 gross alpha MCL of 15 PicoCuries per liter ( pCi/L ) (which

includes combined radium

- 226/

- 228 and excludes uranium and radon).

• Maintains the 1976 MCL of 5 pCi/L for combined radium

- 226 and radium

- 228.

• Maintains the 1976 beta particle and p hoton radioactivity MCL of 4 mil l irem per year ( mrem /yr)

.

• Sets an MCL of 30 μg/L for uranium.

• Establishes separate monitoring requirements for radium

- 226 and radium

- 228.

• Maintains the beta/photon screening levels set in the 1976 Rule for vulnerable

systems (as deemed by the state ). Surface water systems serving greater than 100,000 persons will no longer be required to monitor unless they are deemed

vulnerable.

• Revises sampling, compliance, and monitoring waivers to SMF at entry points to

the distribution system. S tates have discretion in grandfathering existing distribution system data for determining initial monitoring baselines.

5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR 8

As mentioned earlier, the majority of the SWTR re quirements, with the exception of

disinfect ant residual monitoring, are addressed in the Microbial Rules ICR. Specific disinfectant residual monitoring required by the SWTR and covered under this ICR includes :

–

8 Includes only the rule components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring. The remaining SWTR requirements

are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

39 • Periodic disinfect ant residual monitoring f rom the distribution system for Subpart H systems. ( 40 CFR 141.74 (b)(6)(i) for unfiltered systems and 40 CFR 141.74(c)(3)(i) for systems that filter).

• Continuous disinfectant residual monitoring at entry points into the distribution

system. ( 40 CFR 141.74 (b)(5) for unfiltered systems and 40 CFR 141.74(c)(2) for systems that filter)

. 9

• Calculation of inactivation ratios for unfiltered systems using CT values ( 40 CFR 141.74 (b)(3))

. 10

6) Arsenic Rule

The Arsenic Rule was promulgated January 22, 2001

, and requires that CWSs and

NTNCWSs follow the SMF. As previously described for the Chemical Phases Rule, the SMF is

conducted within the schedule of a 9

- year compliance cycle. The compliance cycle is subsequently composed of three, 3

- year periods.

Routi ne Monitoring

Groundwater systems must take a sample at each entry point to the distribution system once every three years; surface water systems must sample at each entry point annually. Triggered monitoring as a result of a violation requires the syste m to monitor quarterly beginning in the next quarter after the violation has occurred. Only after a system has taken two consecutive groundwater samples or four consecutive surface water samples and the state has determined that the system is “reliably and consistently” below the MCL (40 CFR 141.23(c)(8)) may the system return to routine monitoring.

The rule also allow s systems to receive nine

- year monitoring waivers. During the waiver period, a system must take a minimum of one sample. T o receive a waive r, a system must demonstrate that during the previous three rounds of monitoring all results were less than the MCL and there was adequate source protection. Systems with waivers are expected to reapply during the current ICR period.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

CWS s and NTNCWS s are required to comply with the LCR. In general, the LCR requires each of these water systems to undertake the following activities : 11

9 Systems that serve 3,300 or fewer people may take grab samples in lieu of providi ng continuous monitoring.

10 CT is the product of residual disinfectant concentration (C) in mg/l determined before or at the first customer, and the corresponding disinfectant contact time (T) in minutes. If a PWS applies disinfectants at more than one p oint prior to the first customer, it must determine the CT of each disinfectant sequence before or at the first customer to determine the total percent inactivation or total inactivation ratio.

11 For existing systems, some of these requirements may not fal l within the c ollection period for this ICR. See Appendix H for detail related to assumptions and burden calculations for these activities.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

40 • Plan monitoring and other activities.

• Provide training to appropriate staff and to residents collecting samples.

• Identify appropriate sampling sites and collect samples.

• Review sample data, including the calculation of lead and copper 90th percentile

levels.

• Submit to the state monitoring data and any other documents or reports.

• Record and maintain information.

In addition, some systems must submit corrosion control studies, recommend and submit information regarding the completion of CCT or source water treatment installation, conduct public education, or conduct LSL monitoring, notificati on, and replacement.

The short term revisions to the LCR apply to CWS s and NTNCWS s
, as with the LCR. In addition to the LCR requirement s, the revisions require systems to undertake the following

activities:

 Take additional tap samples for lead if the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L is

exceeded.

 Provide revised public education materials according to revised delivery requirements

if the lead action level is exceeded , including a statement on lead in the CCR

.

 Notify the state before making long term trea tment changes.

 Notify customers of results of samples taken at their homes

.

 Retest LSL s previously exempted from replacement if the lead action level is

exceeded

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

41 

### 5 INFORMATION COLLECTED

— AGENCY ACTIVITIES, COLLECTION METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT

5(a) Agency Activities

As part of its supervisory responsibility, EPA maintains SDWIS and evaluates SDWIS data to determine system compliance. EPA personnel also reformat, distribute, and store these data for a number of uses, including responding to Congressional and public inquiries. EPA also

oversees the EPA R egional and state programs, provides technical assistance, and develops policies designed to ensure consistent program implementation. EPA officials serve as respondents when test ifying to Congress on the PWSS Program or in the courts for enforcement

actions.

EPA’s requirements are outlined in Exhibit 5 below. Most of the burden and costs for these activities are addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090). Section 5(a ) of the PWSS Program ICR contains additional detail regarding the activities supported by the

collection of SDWIS data described above. Details regarding potential burden and cost reductions in future ICR periods are provided in section 5(b) of the PWSS P rogram ICR.

EPA will also conduct primacy activities in states , tribes and territories that do not have primacy. Specifically, EPA will be involved in the following activities :

• Mobilization, planning, and implementation.

• Training PWS and consultant staff.

• Analyzing and reviewing PWS data.

• Making determinations concerning PWSs.

• Compliance tracking.

• Recordkeeping.

However, b urden and costs for these activities are accounted for under the primacy agency burden (see section 6).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

42 Exhibit 5 EPA Requireme nts

Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency

**General Requirem ents (apply to all regulations)** 

For states and other entities for which the Agency maintains primacy, the Agency must

maintain the records and perform the reporting activities required of states

. 40 CFR 142.14 and 142.15 As necessary

Review state request for approval of a program revision and notify state of determination regarding request. 40 CFR 142.12(d)(3) One time, as necessary

**Stage 1 DBPR** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Stage 2 DBPR** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V)** Subject to general requirements as listed above.

**Radionuclides** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **SWTR (only disinfectant**  **residual monitoring and associated activities)** Subject to general requirements as listed above.

**Arsenic Rule** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Lead and Copper Rule** Subject to general requirements as listed above.

5(b) Collection Methodology and Management

Primacy agencies must report data to EPA on a quarterly basis. These data include any new data and revisions or corrections to existing data. This information is maintained in

SDWIS 12 , which contains the following:

• Inventory data for each PWS.

• Violations.

• Enforcement actions and some follow

- up activity.

• Variances and exemptions (where applicable)

.

Primacy agencies primarily transmit SDWIS data to EPA electronically. In the District of Columbia, Wyoming, and Indian Lands (except for the Navajo Nation, which has primacy), results of system samples are sent directly to EPA.

12 The public can access the violation data in SDWIS online at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccessdata.cfm

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

43 SDWIS data support a number of rule implementation and program management

activities , which promote consistent national program implementation. SDWIS data is used to identify compliance trends with specific regulations, prioritize public water systems that might require training and technical assistance to return to compliance, and provide insights into primacy agency’s interpretation of regulations.

All costs for rule

- related data management activities are addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090). Section 5(b) of the PWSS Program ICR contains additional detail

re garding the activities supported by the previously described collection of SDWIS data.

5(c) Small Entity Flexibility

In developing chemical monitoring rules contained in this ICR, EPA considered the requirement of the Small Business Regulatory Enforce ment Fairness Act (SBREFA) to minimize

the burden of information collections on small entities. Small entities include “small businesses,” “small organizations” and “small government jurisdictions.” These terms are defined below

. 13

• A small business is any business that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field, as defined by the Small Business Administration regulations under section 3 of the Small Business Act.

• A small organization is any non

- profit enterprise that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field.

• A small governmental jurisdiction is the government of a city, county, town, township, village, school district, or special district that has a population of fewer than 50,000. This definition may also incl ude Indian Tribes.

The major requirement under SBREFA is a regulatory flexibility analysis of all rules that have a “significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.” This ICR is not

associated with new rules. Therefore, this ICR is not subject to the SBREFA.

EPA has made significant efforts to minimize the burden for all respondents, particularly

for small entities. These efforts are described below.

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The Stage 1 DBPR includes requirements tailored to small systems such as reduc ed monitoring frequency for systems producing finished water below the MCLs and MRDLs, and allowing rule requirements to begin up to five years after promulgation of the rule.

2) S tage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

T he Agency took specific steps to minimize the burden of the IDSE on PWSs . For example, the rule included a VSS waiver, which allowed PWSs serving fewer than 500 people to
be waived from conducting the IDSE. S mall systems required to conduct IDSE, collected fewer

13 These definitions were taken from section 601 of the Regulatory Flexibility A ct (RFA).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

44 samples than large r systems. As with the Stage 1 DBPR, compliance monitoring requirements

are based on population served, allowing small systems to collect fewer comp liance samples

.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

For the contaminants regulated under the Phase II regulation, the provisions established in the SMF are intended to minimize burden on small entities by allowing systems to composite as many as five samples and by all owing states to grant waivers, which reduce monitoring requirements.

For Phase V chemicals, EPA has taken steps to minimize the burden on PWSs by allowing systems serving fewer than 3,300 people to composite among different systems provided the five sam ple limit is maintained. Sample collection has also been simplified by allowing the same sampling locations to be used for all source water

- related monitoring.

4) Radionuclides Rule

The monitoring requirements for r adionuclides apply only to CWSs.

5) Disinfe ctant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR

The rule allows systems serving 3,300 and fewer people to substitute grab sampling for continuous disinfectant residual monitoring. This enables small systems to avoid capital costs

associ ated with continuous monitoring equipment. The number of compliance samples is based on the population served by the PWS. For example, s ystems serving 500 or fewer people are required to take one sample, while systems serving 2,501 to 3,300 people are requ ired to take four samples.

6) Arsenic Rule

In the Arsenic Rule, states are able to grant monitoring waivers to systems that are reliably and consistently below the MCL. These waivers will reduce the compliance cost for some small systems and will decrease the number of times a system must conduct routine monitoring. T he monitoring requirements still allow systems to composite up to five samples. Compositing samples allows systems to reduce the laboratory costs associated with monitoring.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

T he LCR reduced to the extent practicable and appropriate the burden on small PWSs

. The regulations include different compliance or reporting requirements such as allowing states to permit systems to take 1 sample per tap in systems that have few er t han 5 taps

.

5(d) Collection Schedule

Exhibit 6 contains a summary of the collection schedules for each rule. Given the wide range of phase

- in schedules for the respective rules, additional information may be obtained by consulting the individual rules for specific collection schedules.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

45 Exhibit 6
Collection Schedule 14

Rule Collection Commencement Disinfectant residual monitoring and
associated activities for the SWTR 1991/1993 (dep ending on filtration status)

Phase II 1993

Phase IIB 1993

Phase V 1996 Stage 1 DBPR 2002/2004 (depen ding on system size and source) Stage 2 DBPR 2006

Radionuclides Rule 2003

Arsenic Rule 2006/2007 (depending on source water ) Lead and Copper Rule 1994

14 Collection schedule is based on the com mencement of monitoring requirements. Startup activities are typically completed prior to these dates.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

46 

### 6 ESTIMATING BURDEN AND COST OF COLLECTION

This section estimates the burden and cost to PWSs, primacy agencies, and EPA for complying with drinking water information collection requirements associated with chemical

contaminant

- related rulemakings. These rulemakings include the following :

1) Stage 1 Disin fectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule 3) Chemical Phase Rules 4) Radionuclides 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the

Surface Water Treatment Rule 15
6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule 16

This section also discusses the assumptions used to estimate burden and costs and describes the change in annual burden, as compared with the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules

ICR. Thi s ICR updates the annual burden and costs associated with these r ulemakings for January 1, 2016 through December 31, 2018

.

EPA is committed to accurately characterizing the burden and costs of rules it promulgates. Consequently, EPA has refined some of the assumptions for calculating the burden

and costs associated wi th implementing the drinking water regulations contained in this ICR. For this update, many assumptions were revised based on program changes and well

- documented changes in some data. To provide a comparable basis on which to calculate the requirements

add ressed by the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and to address inconsistencies, EPA applied uniform assumptions to all rules. The categories of assumptions are listed below.

• Labor rates : F or PWSs, a 2013 labor rate of $21.62 was obtained from the Bureau

of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. An overhead rate of 60 percent was applied, resulting in an hourly rate of $34.59 . For states

, a 2013 labor rate of $28.50 was obtained

from the BLS

. An overhead rate of 60 percent was applied, resulting in an hourly

rate of $45.60

.

• PWS inventory figures from the most recent frozen SDWIS database pull (October 2014 )

.

• Number of entry points per system , as reported in the 2006 Community Water System Survey (CWSS).

• Number of plants per system , as reported in the 2006 CWSS.

In addition, EPA revised some of the estimates of burden for particular activities to reflect consultations with representatives of PWSs and states (see section 3(c).

15 The remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.

16 Includes LCR Short

- term revisions.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

47 6(a) Respondent Burden

6(a)(i) Burden to Public Water Systems

The annual PWS burden for January 1, 2016 through December 31, 2018 is estimated to be approximately 3. 3 million hours. Exhibit 7 tabulates the annual burden hours on a rule

specific basis. A ctivity

- level burden assumptions were carried forward from previous ICRs. I f updated data such as syst em inventories and results of consultations on burden

, were available

, those data were used in burden calculations. Appendices B through H show the assumptions and

detailed burden calculations for each rule. The following further describes the bases for th e burden estimates for each rule.

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

Activities associated with the Stage 1 DBPR account for 0. 5 0 million annual burden

hours. The assumptions used to calculate the Stage 1 DBPR burden are based largel y on assumptions from the September 1998 Information Collection Request for the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR ICR). The burden for systems includes only monitoring. The spe cific burden for monitoring includes the following :

• Paired TTHM/HAA5

• Alkalinity and paired TOC

• Bromate

• Chloride Dioxide

• Chlorite (both daily and monthly monitoring)

• Chlorine or chloramines (in the distribution system) 17

At this point, reduced monitoring burden has not been estimated for the above contaminants, with the exception of alkalinity and paired TOC monitoring, which carried forward reduced monitoring rate estimates from the Se ptember 1998 Stage 1 DBPR ICR. The Stage 2 DBPR burden estimates account for any additional monitoring that may be required in addition to monitoring already required under Stage 1 DBPR.

Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2012

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detai led burden and cost calculations for the Stage 1 DBPR are provided in Appendix B.

2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

Over the 3 years covered by this ICR, the total national respondent burden to PWSs is

estimated at 0. 146 million labor hours, an annual average of 0. 0 49 million hours (see Exhibit 7 ). IDSE activities were completed during a previous ICR period, as were Stage 2 compliance

17 Includes burden for ground water systems only. Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities for surface water systems are addressed by the SWTR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

48 monitoring plans. The next two sections describe the burden estimates for the current ICR period in gr eater detail.

Additional Routine Compliance Monitoring

Systems began conduct ing additional routine compliance monitoring during the previous ICR period

. This monitoring is in addition to monitoring required under the Stage 1 DBPR . This requirement is not applicable to the majority of the public water systems. The burden for monitoring takes into account any changes in TTHM and HAA5 monitoring requirements resulting from the IDSE conducted during a previous ICR period. All small PWSs, regardless of

whet her or not they conducted Cryptosporidium monitoring under the LT2ESWTR, began to comply with the Stage 2 MCLs previous to this ICR period

. E stimated burden and costs are presented in Exhibits 13a through 13c of Appendix C

.

Operational Evaluations

An o perational evaluation must include an examination of distribution system operational practices and how these practices may be modified to reduce TTHM and HAA5 levels. Systems

must discuss their evaluations with the primacy agency

. C osts for operational eva luations are presented in Exhibit 13 of Appendix C

. Systems wi th operational evaluations incur costs in the year that the operational level is exceeded. This began in the previous ICR period once systems
had 1 year worth of compliance monitoring data, and continues forward in this ICR period.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

PWS a ctivities associated with the Chemical Phase Rules account for a burden of 0. 3 6 million hours per year. The burden estimate includes routine and reduced sampling for IOCs, VOCs, and SO Cs under the schedules dictated by the SMF. The assumptions used to calculate the Chemical Phase Rule burden are based on assumptions from the 1993 PWSS Program ICR, which maintained most assumptions and burden estimates from the individual ICRs for the Ph ase II, IIB, and V rules, with an adjustment to the waiver rate assumptions (in the 200 4 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR) to more accurately reflect actual waiver issuance rates. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 20 12

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Appendix D summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the Chemical Phase Rule burden and provides the detailed burden and cost calculations.

4) Radionuclides Rule

Annual PWS burden for the Radionuclides Rule is e stimated to be 45,631 hours

. T his is based on burden assumptions carried forward from the 200 0 Radionuclides Rule ICR.

Monitoring burden is for the following contaminants :

• Gross a lpha

• Beta and photon emitters

• Combined r adium

- 226/

- 228

• UraniumDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

49 Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the radionuclides burden reported

in the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Calculations for burden and costs for the Radionuclides Rule are included in Appendix E.

5) Disinfectant Residual Moni toring and Associated Activities under the SWTR

As stated previously, this ICR includes burden estimates only for the disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities required under the SWTR. The Microbial Rules ICR

addresses the burden and costs for all other SWTR requirements. Implementation of the SWTR disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities is estimated to result in an annual PWS

burden of 1. 1 million hours. Included in the estimate is burden for :

• Distribution system residual monitoring.

• Calculation of inactivation ratio using CT values for unfiltered systems

.

• Measurement of pH and temperature, as necessary to calculate CT

.

• Entry point residual monitoring for filtered systems.

• Entry point residual monitoring for unfilt ered systems.

Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2012

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Appendix F summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the burden for disinfection residual monitoring and associ ated activities under SWTR and provides the detailed burden and cost calculations.

6) Arsenic Rule

This ICR addresses the burden and cost for arsenic monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping for 2016 through 2018

. PWSs monitor arsenic in accordance with the standard monitoring framework schedule

. In this 3

- year ICR period, systems with existing waivers are expected to incur burden for reapplying. Implementation of the Arsenic Rule is estimated to

result in an annual PWS burden of 200,280 hours. Appendix G su mmarizes the assumptions used to calculate burden for the Arsenic Rule and provides the detailed burden and cost estimates.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

The average annual respondent burden is 1. 1 million hours for reporting, recordkeeping, and public education activities of the LCR. Only CWSs and NTNCWSs incur a burden associated with LCR requirements. The burden accounts for the provisions of the short term

revisions

, which require that systems :

 Take additional tap samples for lead if they are on reduced monitoring and the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L is exceeded.

 Provide revised public education materials according to revised delivery requirements if the lead action level is exceeded, including a statement on lead in the CCR.

 Notify the state before making long term treatment changes.

 Notify customers of results of samples taken at customers’ homes.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

50  Retest LSL s previously exempted from replacement if the lead action level is

exceeded.

Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2012

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Appendix H summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the burden for the Lead and Copper Rule and provides the

detailed burden and cost estimates.

6(a)(ii) Burden to Primacy Agencies

The annual burden for primacy agencies is estimated to be approximately 2.0 million

hours. Exhibit 8 shows the annual burden hours on a rule

- specific basis. Many other state activities, such as compliance assurance an d data management, cannot be divided among specific rules and are included in the PWSS Program ICR as general primacy activities. The following briefly describes the bases for the burden estimates :

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The annual state burden for the Stage 1 DBPR is expected to be 0.15 million hours. This reflects data entry and recordkeeping burden. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the Stage 1 DBPR burden reported in the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this

ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix B.

2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The annual state burden for the Stage 2 DBPR is expected to be 5 0,822 hours. This reflects reporting and recordkeeping burden for maintain ing records and track ing compliance by

systems. This ICR also includes burden for reviewing operational evaluations. States are assumed to have already completed their IDSE oversight activities and re view of compliance monitoring plans

.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

For states , the annual burden associated with the Chemical Phase Rules is estimated to be approximately 1.4 million hours. This reflects reporting and recordkeeping burden for routine

and reduced sampling for IOCs, VOCs, and SOCs under the schedules dictated by the SMF. Estimates for primacy agency burden for the Chemical Phase Rules are based on State Workload

Model 18 a ssumptions carried forward from the 1993 PWSS Program ICR

. Note that the burden

associated with oversight of arsenic monitoring is discussed separately below

. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the Chemical Phase Rules burden reported in the 2012

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix D

.

18 New burden estimates from the revised State Workload Model will be incorporated into the subsequent

DDBP/Chem /Rads Rules ICR . See section 5(b) of the PWSS ICR for additional information.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

51 4) Radionuclides Rule

For the Radionuclides Rule, annual state burden is estimated to be 5,476 hours. The

annual state burden is based on burden assumptions carried forward from the 2012

DDB P/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Burden is calculated for primacy agency staff for recordkeeping, reporting, and compliance tracking and analysis requirements , based on the number of analyses conducted by PWSs. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the radionuclides burden reported in the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Calculations for cost

and burden for the Radionuclides Rule are included in Appendix E.

5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under SWTR

As stated previously, this ICR includes burden es timates for only disinfect ant residual monitoring and associated activity components of the SWTR. The Microbial Rules ICR addresses the burden and costs for the other SWTR requirements. Implementation of the SWTR

disi nfect ant residual monitoring is expected to result in an annual state burden of 0. 1 6 million

hours. Included in this estimate is burden associated with reviewing data for

—

• Distribution system residual monitoring.

• Calculation of inactivation ratio using CT values.

• Measurement of pH and temperature, as necessary to meet requirements.

• Entry point residual monitoring for filtered systems.

• Entry point residual monitoring for unfiltered systems.

Estimates for primacy agency burden for the SWTR are based on a ssumptions carried

forward from the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix F.

6) Arsenic Rule

For the Arsenic Rule, annual state burden is estimated to be 80,704 hours. The annual

state burden is based on assumptions carried forward from the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules

ICR and the 2000 Arsenic Rule ICR

. Burden is calculated for primacy agency staff for oversight

of monitoring activities . B urden is based on recordkeeping, reporting, and compliance tracking and analysis. I n this 3

- year ICR period

, states will additionally incur burden to review waiver applications submitted by syst ems with existing waivers. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between burden reported in the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR.

Calculations for cost and burden for the Arsenic Rule are included in Appendix G.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

EPA estimates that the annual burden incurred by primacy agencies for activities associated with the lead and copper regulation is approximately 0. 1 8 million hours. This estimate includes costs for employing a corrosion control expert and costs to review v arious letters and results submitted by water systems in accordance with the LCR. It includes the additional burden associated with the LCR short term revisions, which estimate that states will spend extra timeDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

52 reviewing systems’ plans for changing treatme nt or adding a new source. Further detail about these activities and associated burden and costs is provided in Appendix H.

6(b) Respondent Costs

6(b)(i) Cost to Public Water Systems

Exhibit 7 shows the annual costs for PWSs over the three

- year ICR period. Annual costs are estimated at approximately $ 3 7 4 million, which consists of $ 1 16 million in labor costs, $ 5. 5 million in capital, and $ 2 53 million in O&M (numbers may not add due to rounding)

.

Labor costs ar e based on the number of hours times the average hourly wage rate, including overhead. In addition to labor costs, there are O&M costs associated with the each of the rules covered by this ICR. These O&M costs reflect non

- labor costs ass ociated with sample shipping and analysis for each of the rules

, as well as material costs associated with public education materials and postage . These costs vary by rule according to the frequency and cost of a particular analysis.

In addition to O&M c osts, the requirements of one rule (i.e., SWTR) result in capital

costs to affected PWSs. Capital costs are incurred to buy and replace monitoring equipment necessary for on

- site analysis of disinfectant residuals and water pH. Capital costs are based on

v endor estimates for both in

- line and portable equipment, as required by regulations. Equipment

costs are based on a seven

- year replacement cycle. Details on the labor, capital, and O&M costs associated with each rule can be found in Appendices B through H.

6(b)(ii) Cost to Primacy Agencies

Exhibit 8 shows that the annual cost to primacy agencies is estimated at approximately $ 9 0 million, which is comprised almost exclusively of labor costs. There are some O&M costs

associated with the LCR ($ 5,678 ). There are no primacy agency capital costs associated with this

ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

53 Exhibit 7
Annual PWS Burden and Cost January 1, 2016

– December 31, 2018

Annual

Labor Cost ($K) Annual

O&M Cost ($K) Annual
Capital

Cost ($K) Total

Annual Cost ($K)

Stage 1 DBPR 503,623 $17,421 $ 102,290 N/A $ 119,712 2,043,437

Stage 2 DBPR 48,820 $1,689 $ 5,584 N/A $ 7,273 19,601

Chemical Phases
Rules (Phases
II/IIB/V) 356,602 $12,336 $ 73,983 N/A $ 86,318 507,063

Radionuclides Rule 45,631 $1,578 $ 9,703 N/A $ 11,282 91,261

Disinfectant Residual
Monitoring and

Associated Activities

under SWTR 1,059,363 $36,646 $ 55,221 $ 5,492 $ 97,358 9,051,925

Arsenic Rule 200,280 $6,928 $ 1,721 N/A $ 8,649 32,763

Lead and Copper Rule 1,108,924 $38,961 $ 4,937 N/A $ 43,898 176,628

TOTAL 3,323,243 $115,559 $ 253,440 $ 5,492 $ 374,490 11,922,678

Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding. Activity Annual

Burden

Hours Cost

Annual ResponsesDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

54 Exhibit 8 Annual Primacy Agency Burden and Cost January 1, 2016

– December 31

, 2018

6(c) Agency Burden and Costs

Burden and costs to the f ederal government are incurred by EPA’s drinking water program to assist states in implementing drinking water regulations. EPA burden and costs for general drinking water program implementation activities are accounted for under the PWSS Program ICR. Burden and costs included in the PWSS Program ICR cover all cross

- cutting

, non

rule specific

, regulatory activities associated with compliance tracking, regulatory enforcement, and rule development activities. 19

6(d) Estimating Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs

Respondents for this ICR include both PWSs and primacy agencies. This ICR estimates that the number of PWS respondents is 1 49,765 PWSs

. 20 However, all PWSs are not necessarily subject to each of the information collection requirements contained in this ICR. The regulations associated with each rule identify the numbers and types of PWSs that are subject to each particular provision. In addition to the PWS respondents, this ICR assumes 57 prima cy agencies

19 The EPA burden for activities where EPA acts as a primacy agent counts as primacy agency burden and is included in totals for primacy agency burden.

20 Source: SDWIS/ FED Data f rom October 20 14

. Annual

Labor Cost ($K) Annual

O&M Cost ($K) Annual
Capital

Cost ($K) Total Annual Cost ($K)

Stage 1 DBPR 148,906 $ 6,790 N/A N/A $ 6,790 48,994

Stage 2 DBPR 50,822 $ 2,317 N/A N/A $ 2,317 114

Chemical Phases Rules
(Phases II/IIB/V) 1,354,532 $ 61,767 N/A N/A $ 61,767 549,992

Radionuclides Rule 5,476 $ 250 N/A N/A $ 250 91,261

Disinfectant Residual
Monitoring and

Associated Activities

under SWTR 157,975 $ 7,204 N/A N/A $ 7,204 177,507

Arsenic Rule 80,704 $ 3,680 N/A N/A $ 3,680 32,763

Lead and Copper Rule 184,037 $ 8,392 $ 6 N/A $ 8,398 72,261

TOTAL 1,982,452 $ 90,400 $ 6 N/A $ 90,406 972,892

Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding. Activity Annual

Burden

Hours Cost

Annual
ResponsesDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

55 (50 states plus D.C., U.S. Territories, and the Navajo Nation)

. 21 Therefore, the total number of respondents is 1 49,822

. The total costs and burden for these respondents are summarized in

Exhibits 8 and 9

.

6(e) Bottom Line Burden Hours and Cos ts

The bottom line burden hours and costs for this ICR are presented in Exhibit 9

. The total annual respondent burden associated with this ICR , which includes burden for PWSs and primacy agencies, is estimated to be approximately 5. 3 million hours. The c orresponding total annual respondent costs (labor, capital, and O&M) are estimated to be $ 46 4.9 million. The portion of the total annual respondent costs attributable to capital and O&M costs is $258.9

million.

21 For several of these entities, primacy activities are actually implemented by EPA Region al offices

. However, as a simplifying assumption, they are included with the s tates for respondent calculations under this ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

56 Exhibit 9

Bottom Line Annual Burden and Cost ($K) January 1, 2016

– December 31, 2018

6(f) Reasons for Change in Burden

This section presents the change in burden and the reasons for the change in burden. The discussion is divided into two parts

–

• Section 6(f)(i) summarizes any restructuring adjustments being made for the

addition of new stand

- alone ICRs to the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. See

Exhibit 11

. 149,822 (=)

149,765 (+) Existing PWSs

57 Primacy agencies

12,895,570 (=)

11,922,678 (+) PWS responses (see Exhibit 7)

972,892 Primacy agency responses (see Exhibit 8)

86.1 (=)

12,895,570 (/) Total annual responses from above

149,822 Total annual respondents from above

5,305,696 (=)

3,323,243 (+) PWS hours (see Exhibit 7)

1,982,452 Primacy agency hours (see Exhibit 8)

0.41 (=)

5,305,696 (/) Total annual respondent hours from above

12,895,570 Total annual responses from above

$258,937 (=)

$253,440 (+) Total PWS O&M costs (see Exhibit 7)

$5,492 (+) Total PWS capital costs (see Exhibit 7)

$6 Total primacy agency O&M costs (see Exhibit 8)

$464,896 (=)

$374,490 (+) For PWSs (see Exhibit 7)

$90,406 For primacy agencies (see Exhibit 8)

5,305,696 (=)

5,305,696 (+) Total annual respondent hours from above

- Total EPA hours

$464,896 (=)

$464,896 (+) Total annual respondent cost from above

- Total EPA cost

Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding. Total Annual Respondent Cost (Labor, Capital, and O&M) ($K)

Total Annual Hours (resp. plus
Agency)

Total Annual Cost (resp. plus Agency) ($K) Annual Number of Respondents

Total Annual Responses

Number of Responses per
Respondent

Total Annual Respondent Hours

Hours per Response

Annual O&M and Capital Cost ($K)Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

57 • Section 6(f)(ii) summarizes other adjustments to the annual burden estimates

associated with each rule in the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rad s Rules ICR. See Exhibits

1 2 through 1 4

.

Exhibit 10 summarize s how each of these changes affect s the overall burden inventory

for the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.

Exhibit 10 Summary of Changes in Annual Burden (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

6(f)(i) Restructuring Adjustments

No restructuring adjustments are being made for the addition of new stand

- alone ICRs to

the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR , as shown in Exhibit 11 . In the next revision to the

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR any burden from relevant standalone ICR s that have expired will be newly incorporated into the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Type of Change Burden (hours) Running Total Comment

Burden Estimated in the 2012

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR 5,734,335 5,734,335 This burden serves as the baseline for

the 2016 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.

Restructuring
Adjustments–see Section
6(f)(i) 0 5,734,335 2016 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR is not
appended with burden from any new

ICRs.

Other Adjustments to
Burden–see Section 6(f)(ii) (428,639) 5,305,696 Burden for which EPA seeks approval in

this ICR.

Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

58 Exhibit 11 Restructuring Adjustments to the Annual Burden Inventory for the
DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR (Includes both PWS and Primacy Ag ency Burden)

Action Annual Burden Hours Brief Explanation

N/A 5,734,335 Inventory for the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads

Rules ICR carried forward as the baseline

for 2016 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR

, including PWS and state burden

.

Add 0 2016 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR is not appende d with burden from any new ICRs.

Total 5,734,335 2016 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR inventory based on current burden

inventories.

6(f)(ii) Other Burden Adjustments

Changes in calculated burden are a result of updating relevant baseline information for

each rule with the most current and accurate information available , such as PWS inventories

, and incorporat ing the results of consultation with stakeholders . Where appropriate and available

, estimated violation, waiver, and other a ssociated rates have also been updated to reflect current information on rule compliance. Exhibits 1 2 and 1 3 summarize reasons for these changes and quantify the changes by rule. Burden adjustments associated with PWS activities resulted in a

burden decrea se of 0. 46 million hours and are detailed in Exhibit 12

. Burden adjustments f or primacy agencies result in an in c rease of 0

. 0 4 million hours per year, as shown in Exhibit 13

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

59 Exhibit 1 2 Adjustments to PWS Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

Activity Previous Annual

Burden Estimate (Hours) 2016 Annual

Burden Estimate (Hours) Annual Change

in Burden

(Hours) Reason for Change in Annual Burden Stage 1 DBPR 596,454 503,623 (92,831) The net change in the burden is attributed to the adjustments made in the modeling inputs to account for updated PWS inventory. Burden for ground water systems to calculated disinfectant

residuals was reduced to remain consistent with comparable activities under the

SWTR. Stage 2 DBPR 30,842 48,820 17,978 The net change in the burden is attributed to the adjustments made in the modeling inputs to account for updated PWS inventory. In addition, all the Stage 2 DBPR requirements, such as operational evaluations and additional monitoring requirements, are appl icable in this ICR period.

Chemical

Phases Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 365,561 356,602 (8,958) The net change in the burden is attributed to the adjustments made in the modeling inputs to account for updated PWS inventory

Radionuclides 14,448 45,631 31,182 The increase in burden is a result of the monitoring flexibility in the regulation which allows public water systems to monitoring on a 3, 6 or 9 year cycle based on initial monitoring results for each contaminant. Due to this flexibility, more pub lic water systems are scheduled to monitor during this ICR period.

Disinfectant

Residual Monitoring and

Associated

Activities

under SWTR 1,039,257 1,059,363 20,107 The number of surface water systems has increased, resulting in an increase in the

total burden associated with disinfectant residual monitoring requirements.

Arsenic Rule 71,761 200,280 128,519 The increase in burden is a result of the monitoring flexibility in the regulation which allows public water systems to monitoring on a 9 year cycle based on initial monitoring results. Due to this flexibility, more public water systems are scheduled to monitor during this ICR period.

Lead and Copper Rule 2 1,669,205 1,108,924 (560,281) The net change in the burden is attributed to the adjustments made in the modeling inputs to account for updated PWS inventory, as well as updated data on the

number of action level exceedances.

TOTAL 2 3,787,528 3,323,243 (464,285) Adjusted PWS Burden

Notes: (1) Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding. (2) Note that a draft of the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR was approved by OMB in 2012, which listed 1,669,205 hours of

annual PWS burden

, based on lead action level query results available at the time. Lead action level data were re

- queried

b etween the draft and final DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and the final annual PWS burden for LCR in the previous 3

- year ICR period was 1,100,309 hours, whic h is consistent with the burden estimates developed for the current 3

- year ICR period.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

60 Exhibit 13 Adjustments to Primacy Agency Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

Activity Previous

Annual Burden

Estimate (Hours) 2016 Annual

Burden

Estimate (Hours) Annual Change in

Burden (Hours) Reason for Change in Annual Burden

Stage 1 DBPR 148,335 148,906 571 The net change in the burden is attributed to the adjustments made in the modeling inputs to account for updated PWS inventory. States continue to incur annual data entry reporting and recordkeeping burden for combined DBP, TOC/alkalinity, and residual reporting.

Stage 2 DBPR 50,822 50,822 N/A States will continue recordkeeping and compliance activities

for additional routine m onitoring and operational

evaluations.

Chemical Phases Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 1,354,532 1,354,532 N/A The state burden for this rule is based on the State Workload Model, which has not changed.

Radionuclides 1,734 5,476 3,742 The increase in burden is a result of the monitoring flexibility in the regulation which allows public water systems to monitoring on a 3, 6 or 9 year cycle based on initial monitoring results for each contaminant. Due to this flexibility, more public wate r systems are scheduled to monitor during this ICR period and therefore increase the number of monitoring results submitted to the primacy

agency.
Disinfectant

Residual Monitoring and

Associated

Activities under

SWTR 2 150,462 157,975 7,513 SWTR burden is calculated as a single value, and distributed

between this ICR and the Microbials ICR. This burden is apportioned based on the relative proportion of burden hours

for PWS activities covered under th ese ICRs . Additionally, the change in burde n is attributable to updates to and QA of

the model.

Arsenic Rule 18,765 80,704 61,939 The increase in burden is attributable to an increase in the number of samples taken in comparison to the previous ICR period; samples taken as part of a 9

- year monitoring cycle are expected to occur during this ICR period. Additionally, systems are expected to submit waiver applications, which

are also on a 9

- year cycle. Note the increased system sampling and waiver applications result in an increase in

state rep orting and recordkeeping burden. The increase in burden is a result of the monitoring flexibility in the regulation which allows public water systems to monitoring on a 9 year cycle based on initial monitoring results. Due to this flexibility, more public water systems are scheduled to monitor during this ICR period, and therefore submit more monitoring results to the primacy

agency.

Lead and Copper

Rule 3 222,157 184,037 (38,120) The net change in the burden is attributed to the adjustments made in the modeling inputs to account for updated PWS inventory, as well as updated data on the number of action

level exceedances.

TOTAL 2, 3 1,946,807 1,982,452 35,645 Adjusted Primacy Agency Burden

Notes: (1) Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding. (2) Note that a draft of the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR was approved by OMB in 2012, which listed 150,462 hours of annual agenc y burden (based on the proportion of burden for SWTR activities covered under the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and the Microbial Rules ICR at the time). Once the 2012 Microbial Rules ICR was approved by OMB, the proportion of burden attributable for SWTR activities cover ed under the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and the Microbial Rules ICR was finalized, and the final annual agency burden for SWTR Disinfectant Residual Monitoring in the previous 3

- year ICR period was 155,507 hours. (3) Note that a draft of the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR was approved by OMB in 2012, which listed 222,157 hours of annual prima cy agency burden, based on lead action level query results available at the time. Lead action level data were re

- queried between the draft and final DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR, and the final annual primacy agency burden for LCR in the previous 3

- year ICR period was 185,861 hours, which is consist ent with the burden estimates developed for the current 3

- year ICR period.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

61 Exhibit 14 shows the effect of these adjustments on the bottom line burden. Subtracting

0. 46 million hours to account for the adjustmen t to the PWS burden and adding 0

. 0 4 million

hours to account for the upward adjustment to the primacy burden yields 5. 3 million hours.

Exhibit 14 Adjustments to Annual Burden Carried Forward from Previous ICR Estimates (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

6(g) Burden Statement

The public reporting burden for collections included in this ICR is detailed in Exhibit 14 above. The annual respondent burden is estimated to average approximately 5. 3 million hours, of

which 3. 3 million hours are attributable to PWSs and 2.0 million hour s to primacy agencies. These estimates include time for gathering information as well as developing and maintaining

records.

Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by people to generate, maintain, retain, disclose, or provi de information to or for a f ederal agency. This includes the time needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology, and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying information, processing and

maintainin g information, and disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any previously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; complete an d review the collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a request for information collection unless it displays a currently valid OMB cont rol number. The OMB control numbers for EPA’s regulations are listed in 40 CFR Part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15.

To comment on the Agency's need for this information, the accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods for minimizing resp ondent burden, including the use of automated collection techniques, EPA has established a public docket for this ICR under

Docket ID Number EPA

- HQ

- OW

- 2011

- 0439 , which is available for online viewing at www.regula tions.gov , or in person viewing at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), WJC West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC. The EPA Docket Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through

Action Annual Burden Hours Brief Explanation

None 5,734,335 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR inventory based on current burden
inventories (see Exhibit 11).

Add (464,285) Adjustment to the PWS burden carried forward from previous ICRs (see
Exhibit 12).

Add 35,645 Adjustment to the primacy agency burden carried forward from previous
ICRs (see Exhibit 13).

Total 5,305,696 Hours requested in 2016 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.

Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR December 2015

62 Friday, ex cluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Reading Room is (202) 566

- 1744, and the telephone number for the Water Docket is (202) 566

- 2426. An electronic version of the public docket is available at www. regulations.gov . This site can be used to submit or view public comments, to access the index listing of the contents of the public docket, and to access those documents in the public docket that are available electronically. When in the system, select

“se arch,” then key in the Docket ID Number identified above. Comments can also be sent to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20503, Attention: Desk Officer for EPA. Please inc lude the EPA Docket ID Number (EPA

- HQ

- OW

- 2011

- 0439 ) and the OMB Control Number 2040

- 0204 in any correspondence.