Author’s Note on the Reprinting of

Atomic Energy Levels: Volume I, 1949; Volume II,

1952; Volume III, 1958, Circular National Bureau of Standards 467

Although twelve years have elapsed since the publication of Volume III, there is a continuing steady demand for these Volumes. The data they contain on atomic spectra cover all elements in the Periodic Table except the two groups of rare- earths: the lanthanides (

= 58—71) and the actinides (Z = 90-?). Similar data for these spectra will be handled in a forth- coming Volume IV, now in course of preparation by W. C. Martin and his colleagues.

One of the rewarding aspects of these compilations has been the stimulation they have provided to further research on the analyses of atomic spectra. Gaps in the knowledge of spectra, and needs for investigation of additional spectra are immediately

apparent in this comprehensive compendium.

Many additional spectra have been studied and numerous extended analyses have been published that supersede the material contained in Circular 467. A bibliography in the National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 306, Sections 1

to 4 (1968-1969), provides later reference material on individual spectra. It will be some years, however, before the entire

set of Volumes will be superseded. The existing supply of these books is low. In order to meet the steady flow of requests,

it has been decided to reissue the three Volumes as part of the National Standard Reference Data System. They are reprinted

here as NSRDS—NBS 35, Volumes I, II, III. The first Volume, issued in 1952, is in great demand, and more seriously in need of extensive revision than are the

others. As new analyses appear for spectra of the lighter elements, the lists of revised energy levels, together with revised

Multiplet Tables, are being published by the National Bureau of Standards under the title “Selected Tables of Atomic Spectra,

Atomic Energy Levels and Multiplet Tables,” as Sections of NSRDS-NBS 3. Section 1 contains these data for the spectra

Sill, Si III, Si iv; Section 2 for Sil; Section 3 for Cl, C II, Cm, C IV, C V, C VI. Similar data on the nitrogen spectra of higher ionization will be presented in Section 4. A number of other spectra are partially completed for inclusion in this Series. Wherever the individual spectra in Volume I have been revised and reported in the NSRDS-NBS 3 Series, indication

of this fact is clearly stated for each spectrum, in this reprinted issue. f Readers are urged to use the revised material for the spectra thus marked and to take note of further revisions of selected spectra as they appear in this series.

Washington, D.C.

November 30, 1970 Charlotte E. Moore

Abstract

VOLUME II. 24Cr to 41Nb

This series of three volumes is a critical compilation of atomic energy levels prepared at the National Bureau of Stan- dards from the analyses of optical spectra. Volume I contains data on the spectra of hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, helium,

lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sul- fur, chlorine, argon, potassium, calcium, scandium, titanium, and vanadium ( X H to 23V). Volume II covers the spectra of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, krypton, rubidium,

strontium, yttrium, zirconium, and niobium ( 24 Cr to 41Nb). Volume III includes the spectra of molybdenum, technetium,

ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, tellurium, iodine, xenon, cesium, barium, lanthanum;

hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, thallium, lead, bismuth, polonium, radon,

radium, and actinium ( 42Mo to 57La; 72 Hf to 89Ac).

Key words: Energy levels; Cr-Nb.

tEDITORIAL NOTE: See revision note on pages 21, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31, 144, 147, 148, and 150, Volume I.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 75-609945

i toA'w 'O Vi © & MldUfr’.itkliJV AUG 2 9

165763

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE .Maurice H. Stans, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS .Lewis M. Branscomb, Director

ATOMIC ENERGY LEVELS

As Derived From the Analyses of Optical Spectra

Volume II

The Spectra of Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt,

Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Gallium, Germanium, Arsenic,

Selenium, Bromine, Krypton, Rubidium, Strontium,

Yttrium, Zirconium, and Niobium

BY CHARLOTTE E. MOORE

N SRD S

NSRDS-NBS 35

Nat. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), 35/V.II 259 pages (Dec. 1971)

CODEN: NSRDA

Reissued December 1971

Reprint of NBS Circular 467, Volume II. See author’s note opposite title page

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

(Order by SD Catalog No. C13.48:35/V.II), Price $4.25. Stock Number 0303-0935
Preface

The present volume is the second of a series being prepared at the National Bureau of

Standards as part of a general program on the compilation of atomic energy levels derived from

analyses of optical spectra. Since the publication in 1932 of “ Atomic Energy States as Derived

from the Analyses of Optical Spectra” by Robert F. Bacher and Samuel Goudsmit, the data on

atomic spectra have accumulated in sufficient quantity to fill several volumes.

The first volume appeared in print June 15, 1949. That work contains the energy levels

of 206 spectra of the first 23 elements, Hydrogen through Vanadium. The present volume

includes similar data for 152 spectra of the elements having atomic numbers 24 through 41,

Chromium through Niobium. The date of completion of the manuscript for each spectrum

is entered at the end of the separate tables of energy levels. At present, structure is recognized in more than 500 spectra of 85 elements, so the program is still far from completion.

The general arrangement of Volumes I and II is identical. The adopted form of presentation is that recommended by the majority of interested workers who received a questionnaire

proposed by the National Research Council Committee on Line Spectra of the Elements.

The manuscript has been prepared by Charlotte E. Moore under the direction of William

F. Meggers, Chief of the Spectroscopy Section of the Atomic and Radiation Physics Division.

A number of important gaps among the spectra of elements 24 to 41 have been filled, owing to the efforts of many spectroscopists to furnish data in advance of publication. The cordial

cooperation of these individuals as well as that of National Research Council Committee as a whole, is greatly appreciated. This program was initiated while E. U. Condon was Director

of the Bureau, and the present Volume was practically completed during his tenure.

Washington. D. C.. June 30. 1952.

A. V. Astin, Director.

II
Contents

Page

Preface n

Index to Spectra iv

1 . Introduction . vn

2. Scope of the Present Tables, ^ vn

3. Arrangement vn

4. Tables of Predicted and Observed Arrays of

Terms viii

Page

5. The Periodic Table viii 5.1 The chemical elements by atomic number—ionization potentials for spectra

of the first 41 elements H to Nb

(table 18) viii

5.2 The chemical elements by chemical

symbol (table 19) viii

5.3 The periodic system (table 20) ix

5.4 Index—isoelectronic sequences (table

21) ix

6. Acknowledgments x

A List of additions and corrections to Volume I is appended facing blank page 228.

List of Tables

Table Subject Page Table Subject Page

1

PREDICTED TERMS

Cr I XII 12

predicted terms—continued

Br i XXI

2 Mn i XIV 13 Kr i XXII

3 Fe I XVI 14 Sr i XXIII 4 Co i XVII 15 Y i XXIV

5 Ni i XVIII 16 Zr i XXV

6 Cu i XIX 17 Nb i XXVI

7 Zn i XIX 18 Ionization Potentials XXVIII

8 Ga i XX 19 Chemical Symbols XXIX

9 Ge i XX 20 The Periodic System XXX

10 As i XX 21 Index—Isoelectronic Sequences XXXI

11 Se i XXI
Index to Spectra

Element Z Spectrum Page

Chromium 24 Cri 1 Cru 10

Crm 14

Cr iv 16

Crv 18

Cr vi 20

Cr vii 21

Cr viii 22

Crix 22

Cr xn 23

Cr xm 24

Cr xiv 25

Cr xv 25

Manganese 25 Mn i 27

Mn ii 32

Mn hi 37

Mn iv 38

Mnv 40

Mn vi 41

Mn vii 42

Mn viii 43

Mn ix 44

Mn

x 45

Mn xm 46

Mn xiv 46

Mn xv 47

Mn xvi 47

Iron 26 Fei 49

Fe ii 55

Fe hi 60

Fe iv 65

Fe

v 66

Fe vi 67

Fe vii 69

Fe viii 70

Fe ix 70

Fex 71

Fe xi 72

Fe xm 73

Fe xiv 74

Fe xv 74

Fe xvi 75

Fe xvii 76

Element Z Spectrum Page

Cobalt 27 Co i 78

Co ii 83

Co in 85

Co iv 88

Cov 88

Co vi 89

Co vii 90

Co viii 92

Co xi 92

Co xiv 93

Co xv 93

Co xvi 94

Co xvii 95

Co xviii 96

Nickel 28 Nil 97

Ni ii 101

Ni hi 103

Niv 104

Ni vi 104

Ni vii 105

Ni viii 106

Ni ix 108

Ni xii 108

Ni xiii 108

Ni xv 109

Ni xvi 110

Ni xviii 110

Copper 29 Cu i 111

Cu ii 115

Cu hi 121

Cu vii 123

Cu xix 123

Zinc 30 Zni 124

Zn ii 126

Zn hi 128

Zn iv 129

iv
Index to Spectra—Continued

Element Z Spectrum Page

Gallium 31 Ga i 130

Ga ii 131

Ga hi 133

Ga iv 134

Germanium 32 Ge i 135

Ge ii 137

Ge hi 139

Ge iv 140

Ge v 141

Arsenic 33 Asi 142

As ii 144

As hi 146

As iv 147

As v 148

As vi 149

Selenium 34 Sei 150

Se ii 152

Se hi 154

Se iv 156

Se v 156

Se vi 157

Se vn 158

Bromine 35 Bri 159

Br ii 161

Br hi 163

Br iv 164

Br v 165

Br vi 166

Br vn 167

Br viii 167

Br ix 168

Krypton 36 Kri 169

Kr ii 173

Kr in 176

Kr iv 178

Kr ix 179

Element Z Spectrum Page

Rubidium 37 Rb i 180

Rb ii 184

Rb hi 185

Rb ix 186

Rb x 186

Rb xi 187

Rb xn 188

Rb xm 188

Rb xiv 188

Strontium 38 Sri 189

Sr ii 191

Sr iv 193

Sr xi 194

Sr xn 194

Sr xiii 195

Sr xiv 195

Yttrium 39 Y i 196

Y ii 199

Y hi 201

Y v 202

Y xii 203

Y xm 204

Y xiv 204

Y xv 204

Zirconium 40 Zri 205

Zr ii 209

Zr hi 212

Zriv 213

Zr vi 214

Zr xiv 215

Niobium 41 Nb i 216

Nb ii 221

Nb hi 223

Nb iv 224

Nb v 225

Nb vi 226

Nb vii 227

V

1.

Introduction

The present work is a continuation of a project started

in 1946 at the National Bureau of Standards. Because

Bacher and Goudsmit did not contemplate revising their

extremely useful book on “Atomic Energy States as Derived

from the Analyses of Optical Spectra” published in 1932,

it was decided to prepare a critical compendium of Atomic

Energy Levels, in the Spectroscopy Section of this Bureau.

The National Research Council Committee on Line

Spectra of the Elements met at that time to discuss

details, and this Committee has continued its enthusiastic

support of the program.

2.

Scope of the Present Tables

Requests to extend the scope of the tables are still being received. A critical compilation of data on X-ray

spectra is needed.

No attempt has been made here to include data on

hyperfine structure ascribed to atomic nuclei, except for

H, D, and T. In Volume II reference is made under the

individual spectra to the bibliography on this subject by

Mack.1 The earlier bibliography by Meggers 2 was mentioned in the references to relevant spectra in Volume I. In addition, selected papers are listed for a few spectra,

particularly if they are not included in these two references

summarizing hyperline structure data. The present

Volumes are, however, definitely not adequate for serious

workers in this field. Since the present tables include only the atomic energy

levels derived from the analyses of optical spectra, the

users must consult the separate references for lists of the

lines observed in the various spectra, for line intensities,

and for line classifications. To simplify this situation

the writer is preparing an “Ultraviolet Multiplet Table” 3 of selected spectra, along with the tabulation of energy

levels. For each Volume of Atomic Energy Levels (called

AEL for brevity) there is a corresponding Section of the

Ultraviolet Multiplet Table (abbreviated as UVMT in the

text that follows). For example, Volume I (AEL) contains the energy levels of spectra of elements with atomic

numbers 1 to 23, i. e., Hydrogen through Vanadium.

Section 1 of the UVMT contains selected multiplets from

spectra of these same elements. Similarly, just as the

present Volume (AEL) covers the range of elements of

atomic numbers 24 through 41, so will Section 2 of the

UVMT contain multiplets of spectra of these same ele- ments.

The UVMT, together with the “Revised Multiplet

Table” 4 (which is limited to lines of wavelength longer

than 3000 A), will to some extent fulfill the requests

for tables of leading lines of selected spectra to accompany

the energy levels.

3.

Arrangement

The Introduction to Volume I (AEL) describes in

detail the arrangement of the data, the notation, and the

columns of the tables. Since Volume II is arranged in

exactly the same style, the description need not be re- peated here.f For convenience, the meaning of the letters

in parentheses following the literature references is, however, repeated. These letters denote the following:

I P Ionization potential.

T Terms.

1 J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64-76 (1950).

» W. F. Meggers, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 36, 431 (1946).

t One minor change has been introduced for technical reasons. In Volume I the inner quantum number J=H is entered as “H-” In successive volumes this quantity is entered as “OH” throughout.

C L Classified lines. G D Grotrian diagram.

Z E Zeeman effect. I S Isotope shift. hfs Hyperfine structure. Briefly stated, these letters describe the scope and content

of the paper in question. If no letters follow a reference,

the paper is referred to in the remarks on the individual

spectrum. For example, this is generally true of theoretical papers.

* C. E. Moore, Circ. Nat. Bur. Std. 488; Section 1, H to V (1950); Section 2, Cr to Nb,

in press (1952).

4 C. E. Moore, Princeton IJniv. Obs. Contr. No. 20 (1945).

VII
4. Tables of Predicted and Observed Arrays of Terms

As in Volume I, arrays of observed terms follow the

individual tables of energy levels for the more complex

spectra in cases where the analysis is not seriously inThese tables follow exactly the same pattern as was used

for the sequences in Volume I. For the Kr i sequence, as for Ne i and A i, the table

gives both predicted terms (ZS'-coupling) and predicted

pairs of levels (^/-coupling) . The spectra of the inert-gas

type have an interesting history. Meissner in 1919 5 pointed out that well known series in Ne i converge to different limits. In the present notation, the separate

limits, representing the two components of the limit term

* K. W. Meissner, Ann. der Phys. [4] 58, 356 (1919).

complete. Similar arrays of terms predicted from theory

for spectra of the different isoelectronic sequences are included in Tables 1 to 17 (pages xn to xxvn) as follows:

of the ion are clearly indicated. The pair-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah has been

adopted 6 on the recommendation of Edl6n, to take into

account the departure from LS-coupling. Shortley has

prepared an array of the theoretical arrangement of the

pairs, for the writer to use as a guide in listing the energy

levels of spectra of this type. This is discussed in Volume I. The Paschen notation is also retained in the table of

levels of Kr i.

6 G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61 , 537 (L) (1942).

Table Sequence Table Sequence Table Sequence

1 Cr i 7 Zn i 13 Kr i 2 Mn i 8 Ga i 14 Sr i 3 Fe i 9 Ge i 15 Y i 4 Co i 10 As i 16 Zr i 5 Ni i 11 Se i 17 Nbi

6 Cu i 12 Br i

5. The Periodic Table

5.1 The Chemical Elements by Atomic Number; Ionization Potentials (Table 18)

In Volume I, Table 23, the ionization potentials and

ground states were recorded for the first spectra throughout

the periodic table. Some revisions of these data are given

at the end of Volume II. Further revisions have resulted

during the course of the work on Volume II. All ionization potentials in both Volumes as revised to date are entered in Table 18. Column one gives the atomic

number Z; column two the chemical symbol of the element.

Successive columns contain the ionization potentials of the

atoms or ions in successive stages of ionization, i denoting first spectra (neutral atoms) ; ii, second spectra (singly

ionized atoms) ; etc. Throughout these Volumes the ionization potentials

are derived by multiplying the limit in cm-1 by the

factor 0.00012395, to express it in electron volts. This

factor was recommended by Birge in 1941 (See Volume I, page ix.)

5.2 The Chemical Elements by Chemical Symbol

(Table 19)

In Table 24 of Volume I the chemical elements were

arranged in alphabetical order of their chemical symbols

to facilitate cross reference to the book by Bacher and

Goudsmit, 11 Atomic Energy States ” This table is repeated

in Volume II as Table 19, with elements 97 (Bk) 7 and 98

(Cf)8 added, together with the changes recently adopted

by the International Union of Chemistry.9 The additions

and corrections are as follows:

Older Corrected

Symbol Element Z Symbol Element Z

Bk Berkelium 97

Cf Californium 98

Fa Francium 87 Fr Francium 87

Lu Lutecium 71 Lu Lutetium 71 Cb Columbium 41 Nb Niobium 41 Pm Prometheum 61 Pm Promethium 61 W Tungsten 74 W Wolfram 74

7 S. G. Thompson, A. Ghiorso, and G. T. Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 77, 838 (L) (1950). I 8 S. G. Thompson, K. Street, Jr., A. Ghiorso, and G. T. Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 80, 790

(1950).

I 9 See Report by E. Wichers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, No. 4, 1431 (1950). vm
5.3 The Periodic System (Table 20)

For convenience, the Periodic System as given on page

xlii of Volume I is repeated here as Table 20. Three

changes have been made : The chemical symbol of element

41, formerly Cb is now Nb; elements 97 (Bk), and 98

(Cf) are added. The general arrangement is similar to that given on page 333 of “ The Theory oj Atomic Spectra

by Condon and Shortley.10

5.4 Index—Isoelectronic Sequences (Table 21)

This table contains the index to the data in Volume II,

i. e., the spectra from Cr through Nb. The arrangement

is identical with that of the corresponding Index, Table 26,

in Volume I. Column 1 contains the atomic number, followed by the

chemical symbol. Across the top the successive stages of

ionization are indicated, i denoting first spectra (neutral

atoms), ii second spectra (singly ionized atoms), hi

third spectra, etc. The numbers indicate the page on

10 E. U. Condon and G. H. Shortley, The Theory of Atomic Spectra, (The Macmillan

Co., New York, N. Y., The University Press, Cambridge, Eng., Corrected edition, 1951).

which the data for the individual spectra may be found.

In this table, isoelectronic spectra appear on the

diagonals. Alternate diagonals are printed in bold face

type to emphasize the spectra of each sequence. Blanks

occur for spectra in which structure has not yet been

recognized.

No sequences are carried beyond Nb in this Volume,

but they will be continued in later Volumes for spectra

of elements with Z > 41. The sequences started but not

completed in Volume II are as follows:

Sequence Spectrum

Co i Mo xvi, Pd xx—Sn xxiv

Cu i Pd xviiSb xxin

Br i Mo vin

Kr i Mo vii Rb i Mo vi Sr i Mo v Y i Mo iv Zr i Mo in

Nb i Mo ii

IX
6. Acknowledgments

It was stated in the Introduction to Volume I that

“Many scientific workers and many institutions at home

and abroad are represented in this work.” The same comment applies emphatically to Volume II. The

inspiration to carry on such a project may be attributed

directly to the large number of interested workers who

have been supporting this program. At the National

Bureau of Standards, E. U. Condon, during his tenure as Director, took a keen personal interest in the entire project.

W. F. Meggers, Chief of the Spectroscopy Section, and

Chairman of the Committee on Line Spectra, has spared no effort in giving expert advice on all difficult problems.

He has carefully supervised the work and provided much

spectroscopic material for inclusion here. Similarly,

C. C. Kiess has arranged his entire schedule of work to meet the demands of this program. His splendid analyses

of the very complex spectra Cr i and Cr n are lasting

tributes illustrative of his interest in the work. The

infrared observations of atomic spectra by C. J. Humphreys, Chief of the Infrared Spectroscopy Section, have

already added important data, and promise to yield much

more in the near future.

The writer has also received most valuable assistance

from Princeton. H. N. Russell has been an active and

interested consultant. Reference has been made to his work on binding energies, and in addition, he has read

most of the manuscript. A. G. Shenstone has not only

placed on his program the spectra most urgently needed

to fill serious gaps in this Volume, but has also stimulated

similar programs in other laboratories. For example, the

third spectra of the elements Mn to Cu would have been

seriously incomplete without his collaboration.

Three other members of the Committee on Line Spectra

have also responded generously. J. E. Mack has provided unpublished data on Rb i. G. R. Harrison has

supplied a number of workers with plates and films of

Zeeman patterns observed at the Massachusetts Institute

of Technology. W. E. Albertson has discussed some of

the future problems, particularly in regard to rare earth

spectra.

The international cooperation has also been gratifying. Edl6n has read a large part of the manuscript,

contributed valuable suggestions on a number, of spectra

in the iron group, and furnished unpublished data on high

ionization spectra of the elements from Se through Zr, as well as on Kr i. M. A. Catalan has made two visits

to the United States in the interest of this program. His

extensive work on Mn i and his study of the Mn m

spectrum represent only a part of his contributions.

Through the cordial collaboration of Harrison, Meggers,

and Shenstone, he has also secured enough material to enable him and his staff in Madrid to continue this work.

Other analyses have been carried out especially for

inclusion here. At Lehigh University C. W. Curtis has

made an extensive study of Mn n, and N. E. Hager Jr.,

is extending the analysis of Co n. At Dartmouth and

Cornell, F. L. Moore, Jr., has continued work on Cr hi

and Cr iv and expects to start Mn iv soon—all done in

collaboration with Shenstone. Miss Dorothy W. Weeks

of Wilson College, has furnished gr-values for a number of

spectra, with the aid of films from Harrison’s laboratory.

Unpublished material has also been received from R. A.

Fisher (Fe i), S. Glad (Fe hi), C. W. Gartlein (Ge n, As n), K. W. Meissner, K. L. Andrew (Ge i, Ge n), and

F. W. Paul (Kr ix). Miss Olga Garcia-Riquelme in

Madrid (Mn) ; and L. Wilets (Cu m) and L. E. Gibson

(Zn n), in Princeton, have also assisted.

The American Philosophical Society and the American

Academy of Arts and Sciences have granted funds for work

in connection with this program.

The users of this book owe a debt of gratitude to every one of these individuals and institutions for the material

recorded in advance of publication.

The writer could never have prepared these Volumes

without the services of experts in many fields of activity.

Miss Sarah A. Jones, the Librarian at the Bureau, and

her staff have continued their competent assistance with

the many literature references. J. L. Mathusa and his

staff in the Publications Section of the Bureau, have

handled the difficult problems entailed in publishing this

material with skill that has attracted the attention of

many users. The personnel in the Government Printing

Office have -been equally cooperative. Mrs. Isabel D.

Murray has provided much technical assistance in the

preparation of the manuscript. Mrs. Marion W. Maddox has carefully typed the text accompanying the separate spectra.

The writer enjoys a lasting pleasure in recalling and

recording the generous assistance she has received from

all who have so willingly contributed to this compilation

of Atomic Energy Levels.

X
Tables

Predicted Terms Cr I to Nb I

Ionization Potentials

The Periodic System

Index—Isoelectronic Sequence
Table

1.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Cri

Isoelectronic

Sequence

<u H

d)

T3e

W« WCO O OO O OO

ft| fe QQ PQ PP PP

aa

CO 1-« Ph Oh

COCC CQCQ

Alws

s

aaco ^ aa ww

ww aa aa aa aa

Al3 op Op PP PP po oo po po op

a

fe pL| N IP &H fn

ip CO a a Ph Phip CO Ph

ip aCO Ph Ph

•P CO a Ph

•O CO Ph Ph

IP CO PhPh

CO ^ aaCO H QQr» ip QQN IP QQip CO QQIP co QQ•p co QQip eo QQIP CO QQip CO QQCO QQco »-* aa Ph Pur

ip CO aaIP CO Ph Ph

IP CO Ph Pl,

IP CO PhOhip CO PhPh

CO ** aaCO »-l mmN ip mm•O CO mm mmCO *4

o o aaCO **

olt oil 0 o HH HH

ip co

O O aaip CO

o o aaO O aaip co

Al

O O ooo o ooO O OO O O OO

ft. e a a a Ph

ip CO pL|ip CO Ph Phip CO Ph Ph

Ip CO a a aCO a*4 0 o QQN IP

0 O QQip eoO O QQ•P COO O QQip coO O QQIP coO O QQIP co

o o QQCO f«

O O QQCO *“l

O O

Ph P-i

b- IP

o o Ph Ph

t*» IP

O O &hPh

IP CO

O O PhPh ip CO

O O Ph&h

ip CO

O O

PhCLi

IP CO

O O PhC^

CO *4

o o

XflXfl

IP CO o o GO GOip CO

aa

ooIP w

fefe fc &H

*o eo CO -« QQt- *p QQ« n QQ on

aa•O CO PH PL.

ip CO

+

a. co

• CO b£>

»

<c w

c ® o ft. O oi%<N

'tt co -a

CO aco

A<©co

TJH aco

9

eo t}H aeo

jtO

aeo aco aeo

Ph

co aeo 'a

CO

W

'co %CO

pH

eo Tt< aeo aco

a

a

eo

xn
XXUS CO OC

XXCO tx

J-H HH WK SW

CO GO

XX

GO

Jr* XX

GG

KK

GG GG

XX

GG

KXeo ** GG

XX

GG

tJJ eoXX•0 *-« —< —1 eo *« XW

GG GG GG GG

XXco ** GGKKCO «-4 GG

XIII
Table

2.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Mni

Isoelectronic

Sequence*

XIV
00 0

ww 00 0

r—< hH hH hH hH hH hH hH sw 00 00 00 0 0 0 00

oo OO oo OO o OO O o O OO OO

00 00 0 0 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00

00 00 00 00 0 0 0 0 00 00 00

00 00 00 0 0 00 00 00

mzn. GQ o o 00 o0 o o hH hH o o hH hH 0hH hH hH

CO -V o o 00 O O 00 o o 00 O0 O0 00 o o oo o o oo o o oo oo oo o o oo S

Al OOao co OO OO

£> O 0 0 o o 00 O O fafa ofa ofa ofa o o fafa O O fa fa

so -*r

Cft s

fa fa o •»?< O o 00 o o 00 o o 00 o0 o0 o o 00 o o 00 O O 00 PPCD ^ O o fafa o o 00 o0 o0 o o 00 O fafa o o 0QO2 O o mm

r^H hH 00

hH

c* O O PPCO ^ oo o o o ooCO H

•*» c* fa 00 Al^ O O

fa fa

ao co o o fafa

CO H o o

fa fa

CO H ppC* Pcs PPc© ^ > 00

PkOn "** CS

CQ

Ph Plh H C* O O fafa

CO

T3eoCOG

bC «CGO©

.G©AG . § aG

05 0) G a, £ M © 03 © +s

-u _G O © > b£) . . G

bC—

A ©

.5 o3 03 ©

<s

03 £© £ G © •« P < — 4_| ' O© u T3 © (H T3 O o a

.£ tj

-Q _r

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+».g S ^

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Aa I

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4* "CS ° a s § © G “BG 03

a3 +3

lH

t-

©

o3 ,G

-IJ a * © ,Q if

js! ho* >*H

Bto

XV

[Incomplete,

only

the

limit S6

considered.
Table 3. Predicted Terms of the Fe i Isoelectronic Sequence

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 +

3d6 4s2

3d8

3d6 4s(8 D)nx

3d7 (

4F)nx

3d84s(4 D)nx

3d7 (

4 P)nx

3d7

(

2 G)nx

3d7 (

2 P)nx

3d7 (

2H)nx

3d7 (

2 D)nx

3d6 4s(4 P)nx

3d8 4s(4H)nx

3d8 4s(4 F)nx

3d5 4s2

(

4 S)nx

3d8 4s(4 G)nx

3d8 4s(2 P)nx

3d8 4s(2H)nx

3d8 4s(2 F)nx

3d8 4s(2 G)nx

3d8 4s(4 D)nx

3d7

(

2 F)nx

Predicted Terms

r ®D

sp 2 D 3F 3 G

*p 3F iD 7 F l G

l*s jp

iD

»F

7 G

l S

7 D 7 G

ns (n>4) np (n>4) nd (n>4)

/

7 D 7 po 7 D° 7p° 7S 7 P 7 D 7 F 7 G

i

5 D sp° sd° spo ®S sp S D sp S G

/

5F sd° 5p° s G

° ®p 5 D 5 F S G 5H

1 *F 3D° 3p° 3 G

° ap 3 D *F 3G 3H

S D spo sd° 5p° ®S sp fi D s F S G

3D 3 po 3D° 3p° 3 S 3P 3D 3 F 3 G

/ ®p ®S° sp° 5D° sp 5 D sp

l *p 3g° 3po 3D° *p 3D 3F

*G ap° 3 G

° 3H° *D *F 3 G 3H 3 I

l G iF° 1 G

° 1 H° >D iF 7 G iH n

/ *p 3go apo 3D° *p «D 3F

i ip lg° ip° ID 0 IP iD iF

/

2 H 3 G

° 3H° *1° *F *G 8 H 31 3K

1 iH 1 G

° >H° il° *F 7 G »H ‘I IK

/ 3D 3 po 3D° 3p° *s »p *D »F »G

1 iD ipo >D° ipo »S ip iD ip iG

®P 6g° spo 5 D° sp 5 D sp

i ap 3g° 3p° 3D° ap *D 8 F

5H 6 G

° SR 0 *1° sp 8 G ®H ®I ®K

i »H 3G° an 0 *1° *F *G 3H 3 I 3K

/

SF 5D° spo 5 G° sp ®D 8 F ®G ®H

1 *F 3D° 3p° 3G° ap *D ap 3 G *H

/

7 S

7p° 7 D

\®S spo *D

r ®G spo 5 G° 5H° 5 D sp ®G ®H ®I 1 3G 3po *G° *H° *D *F *G 3 H 31

/ ap 3g° 3p° 3D° *P *D «p

i IP lg° ipo 1D° IP 7 D 'F

r *H 3 G° 8 H° »I° sp *G *H 31 3K

l iH i G

° >H° 1JO ip -G *H 11 IK

r

a F 3D° apo 3G° •P *D *F 8 G 3*H \ IF iD° ipo i G

° ‘P »D ip l G iH

J G apo *G° 3 H° *D sp 3 G 8 H 31 i ‘G ipo i G

° 1 H° 7 D iF l G iH 11

/ ®D spo 5 D° spo 5S

sp 5 D ®F 6 G

1 3D 3p° 3D° 3po *s 3p *D *F 3 G

1

a F 3D° 3p° 3Q° 3P 3D ap 3 G 2H

\

iF iD° ipo 1 G° iP iD iF l G iH

XVI
Table

4.

Predicted

Terms

op

the

Coi

Isoelectronic

Sequence*

J

675475 0-63-2 xvn

*Within

a

given

configuration

the

limit

terms

are

listed

in

the

general

order

predicted

by

the

Hund

theory.
Table

5.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Nii

Isoelectronic

Sequence

XVIII
Table

6.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Cui

Isoelectronic

Sequence

XIX
Table 8. Predicted Terms of the Ga i Isoelectronic Sequence

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p6 3d10 +

Predicted Terms

4s2 0S)4p

4s 4

p

2

4p

3

4s2 0S)nx

4s 4p(3 P°)nx

4s 4p(1 P°)nx/

2po

r

4 P

\

2 S2 P 2 D

/

4S°

\ 2p° 2J)o

ns (n > 5) np (n> 5) nd (

n

> 4) nf (n>4) ng (

n

> 5)

o

o

o

2 po

4 S4 P 4 D

2 S 2 P 2 D

2 S2 P 2 D

2 D

4 P° 4 D° 4 F°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F°

2 P° 2 D° 2 F°

2p°

4 D 4 F 4 G

2 D 2 F 2 G

2 D 2 F 2 G

2 G

4p° 4QO 4JJO

2 F° 2 G° 2 H°

2 po 2Q° 2JJ°

Table 9. Predicted Terms of the Ge i Isoelectronic Sequence

Confix.

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3

s

2 3p6 3

d

I0 +

Predicted Terms

4s2 4p2 {‘S

3 P

ID

f 5 S°

4s 4p3 3 S° 3p° 3 D

l ipo 4 D

4s2 4p(2 P°)nx

4s 4p2

(

4 P)nx

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (n> 4) nf (n> 4)

/

3 P° 3 S

3 P 3 D

3po 3 D° 3p° 3 D 3 F 3 G

1 iP° •s ip iD ipo >D° ip° >D iF iG

J

3 P 5 S° 5p° 5D° 5 P 5 D 5 F 5D° 5 po 5 QO

\

3 P 3 S° 3 po 3 D° 3 P 3 D 3 F 3 D° 3 F

0 3 QO

Table 10. Predicted Terms of the As i Isoelectronic Sequence

Config.

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d>° +

Predicted Terms

4s2 4p3 |

4 S°

2 p° 2 D°

4s 4p4 {

2 S

4 P

2 p 2 D

4p

5 2p°

ns (n>5) np (n > 5) nd (n > 4) nf (n>4) ....

4s2 4p2

(3 P)nx

{

4 P

2 P

4 S°

2 S°

o

o

4 D°

2D°

4 P 4 D 4 F

2p 2J) 2 F

4 D°

2 D°

*3*1

;

o

o 66oo ....

4s2 4p2 ('D)nx' 2 D 2 po 2D° 2 F

° 2 S

2 P 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 po 2D° 2 po 2 Qo 2JJ° ....

4s2 4p2

(

1 S)nx" 2 S 2p° 2 D 2 F

° ....

XX
Table

11.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Sei

Isoelectronic

Sequence i

T30)

TJ©

WK

OOCO OO

Al£ fo P>H fe fe &H &H

CO

— eo > 00 00

00O O OOo o O 0 0 0 0 0

Al QQU3 CO QQCO ^ QQeo - s O 0 0 O

CL, Oh

CO K 00 o o mm

0-0

iOAl 00 00 s

CL,fl< Oh CL, Cl, Cl, s 0Q CO O 0 QQ

'lC' Ale O 0 fcCU

CO eo s 0 o mm»o CO

XXI
Table 13. Predicted Levels of the Kt i Isoelectronic Sequence

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3

p

6 3<210 +

Predicted Terms

4s2 4p8

4s2 4p5

(2 P°)nx

4s 4p8

(

2 S)nx'

iS

ns (n> 5) np (n>5) nd (n >4) nf (w>4)

^

to

com

o

o 3S 3p 3Q

IS !P !D

3 po

ipo

3p° 3D° spo

ip° ip° ip°

*D

iD

*D 3 F 3 G

iD iF iG

3F°

ip0

jl- Coupling Notation

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3

p

8 3d10 4s2 +

Predicted Pairs

ns («> 5) np (n>5) nd (n> 4) n/ (n>4)

4ps(

2 P!*)nx [1K]° m\ [0/2]° im

[3H]° [434] [m [iy2 ]° [2^]

[2343° [33/2] 4p5

(

2 Pfo)na;' O © [m \m° [334] [034] [134]° [ 2 /2 ]

XXII
Table 14. Predicted Terms of the Sri Isoelectronic Sequence

Config. Predicted Terms

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

9 3d10 4s2 4

p

9 +

5s2

4J2

iS

/ jp *F vs iD *G

/

3 P

5p

2 vs iD

ns (n >5) np (n> 5) nd (n > 4)

5s(2 S)nx f

3 S

Vs

o

£hPh o

3 D

iD

4d(2 D)nx’

3 D 3 P° 3 D° 3 F° 3 S 3 p 3 D 3 F 3 G

{ iD 1 P° >D° >F° iS iP iD ip »G

/ 3po 3 S

3 P 3 D 3po 3 D° 3F°

5p(2 P )nx

\ ipo 3 S iP iD ipo iD° iF°

nf (n> 4) ng (n > 5)

5s(2 S)nx

f *p° 3 G

\ ipo l G

4d(2 D)ni'

3po 3P)0 3po 3 G

° 3 H° 3 D 3 F 3 G 3 H 3 I {

ip° iT)° IF0 1Q° »H° iD iF »G m il

5p(2 P°)nx" 3D 3 F 3 G 3F° 3Q° 3 H°

{ ID IF *G 1 F° 1 G° 1 H° --- i—

XXIII
Table

15.

Predicted

Terms

of

the Y

i

Isoelectronic

Sequence

XXIV
Table

16.

Predicted

Terms

of

the

Zri

Isoelectronic

Sequence

XXV f

Incomplete —

only

high

multiplicity

terms

from d

23F

listed.
XXVI
XXVII
Table

18.

The

Chemical

Elements —

Ionization

Potentials

HH

XVIII

1403 607 1111111

XVII 547 05 1 1 HH 1 1 > id 05 Cd 1 1 CO 00 rH 1 1 rH rtf lO 1 1 rH 1 1 o 1 1 > CO io t> 1 HO 1 X T—1

CO lO 1 lO 1 o rtf rtf 1 H 1 rH 1 1 > rH Cd 111 111 111 HHx rtf rtf o 1 1 1 05 CO o 05 1 1 1 00 CO rtf CO 1 1 1

rtf 11 11 11 11 HH rtf CO 1 1 1 1 HH 1 1 1 1 X

rH 00 cd lO 1 LO 1 1 1 H 00 CO lO 1 LO 1 1 1 CO I> CO CO i CO 1 1 1 CO 1 1 1 1 1 rtf (N CO »o 1 1 1 1 1 H-1 X

id CO

© IO rH 05 1 1 1 1 o 1 00 Cd CO lO 00 05 o 1 1 1 1 to 1 o io lO CO CO (M CO 1 1 1 1 CO 1 Cd 1 1 1 1 1 CO 1 1 1 1 1 Cd 05 O H 00 1 1 1 1 1

i-H rH CO 05 rH* o CO 1 1 ! o iO 1 1 X

CO rtf 05 lO CO 1 1 1 05 o 1 1 o rtf rtf rtf lO Cd Cd 1 1 1 Cd CO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CO CO 05 11 11 11 11 11 11 X

CO to CO rtf Cd CO 00 Cd 1 1 1 1 1 1

tfrp 00 rH id 00 id cd r-H* CO 1 1 1 00 Cd 1 1 1 CO 05 o 05 rtf iO o rH (N 1 1 1 rtf CO 1 1 1 CO CO rtf rtf rtf rtf lO Cd Cd 1 1 1 Cd Cd 1 1 1 oo o CO cd lO Tt< 1 I 1 1 X

05 rH OO CO 05 I> 05 1 CO 1 1 1 HH 05 l> o rH Cd 00 o rH id 00 O CO 1 05 cd lO 1 1 1 05 Cd CO lO t> o cd 00 00 05 1 o Cd CO 1 1 1 Cd CO CO CO CO CO -tf rH rH rH rH 1 cd Cd cd 1 1 1 lO tr. 1 1 1 1 Cd O lO LO CO I> CO o CO 1 1 1 1 HH ^H CO 05 rH 00 Cd 00 CO 1 l> 1 1 1 rH cd id id cd 05 00 00 cd iO 05 1 cd iO CO 1 1 1 lO CO CO 00 o o cd rtf H iO Tt< lO 1 00 05 iO 1 1 1 00 05 Cd Cd cd CO CO CO CO rH rH t-h rH 1 rH rH rH rH 1 1 1 rtf 05 rtf 1 1 1 1 1 CO r—1

CO rtf rH CO rH rH 05 1> 1 1 1 1 1 HH 00 T"H *"* rtf CO 05 CO 05 Cd o 1 00 rH cd 1 1 1 1 > cd 05 id 00 id rH cd cd o rtf TjH 00 00 1 o rH 05 1 1 1 1 CO CO CO o Cd rtf rtf CO oo rH Cd rH Cd 1 iO CO 1 1 1 1 CO rH Cd Cd Cd Cd Cd Cd rH rH rH ’“H rH rH rH rH 1 1 1 1 lO o i> rtf 05 1 1 1 1 1 1 H Cd 00 rH rH CO CO Cd rH rH Cd 1 1 1 1 1 1 HH 00 05 o H 05 CO 00 rtf rtf o CO t> 1 rH 05 CO 1 1 1 1 1 > 05 rH* 00 i> 1> Cd cd d id O 00 cd rH 05 1 rH o 00 o 1 1 1 1 1 00 lO CO iO lO 00 05 o Cd 00 05 05 05 1 rH Cd cd 05 1 1 1 1 1 rtf iO rH —<

rH rH rH rH Cd cd 1 rH rH rH 1 1 1 1 1 CO CO CO rtf 1 1 1 1 1 Cd 00 CO i> rH o CO i> CO o o 1 05 1 1 1 rH 05 00 00 cd rtf CO cd o J>- o lO 00 o 1 CO 00 Cd 1 1 1 1 o r-i‘ i> cd rtf o 00 rH cd cd id Cd J> id 1 Tti cd 05 id CO CO 1 1 1 1 rtf 05 05 rH rH cd CO rtf iO CO CO l> CO 1 00 05 05 CO t- 1 1 1 1 CO CO rH rH rH rH rH 1 1 1 1 1 1 t> 00 CO o rtf rtf 1 1 1 1 1 lO 05 L- IO 05 CO CO 00 05 CO CO lO 05 05 o H 1 1 1 1 1 >

CO Cd rtf rtf CO Cd 00 Cd 05 T"H CO cd iO 05 05 Cd CO 1 1 1 1 1 HH t> 05 rtf t> 1"P i> 00 05 05 id rH cd 05 o cd cd 00 05 1 1 1 1 1 r— lO CO I> 00 05 05 o rH rtf iO rtf lO IO CO CO i> Tf 1 1 1 1 1 Cd Cd rH rH 1 1 1 1 1 05 O O rtf CO rtf CO CO

1-H lO Cd CO cd CO rtf lO Cd rtf CO lO o o rH iO rH lO 05 rH 05 CO CO HH rtf 00 05 00 rtf 05 o CO rH rtf rtf r"H o 05 05 Cd CO 05 CO CO rH oo HH Cd cd t>P J> rtf Cd rtf rH* © 00 cd o id 05 o co rH 1> 05 d cd O cd lO cd

Cd IO CO rtf rtf lO CO CO i> 00 Cd CO CO CO CO iO Cd Cd Cd CO CO CO CO CO CO

CO 05 co 05 CO to CO co o rH o rH I> o rH 00 05 CO Cd rtf iO o Cd rH o iO 05 rtf 00 LO iO 05

hH rH CO cd T"H CO CO 05 O Cd o 00 CO CO rtf 00 CO 00 00 00 LO CO rtf CO rH o rH cd hH id 00 id rtf' 05 id rtf H i> id 00 cd 05 cd cd rH rH Cd cd rtf cd LO ZO 00 o iO t> T“l Cd Cd Cd co CO rtf rtf rH rH rH rH Cd Cd Cd co 1"H rH T“H rH rH rH rH rH Cd iO O o o CO rH rH 00 05 00 rtf rH 05 iO 05 rH CO cd CO

05 00 05 Cd 05 CO rtf rH rH lO CO rtf 00 rH LO lO rH lO CO rH CO

LO

CO rtf CO CO o o CO

lO lO CO CO Cd Cd IO co rH lO CO 05 iO CO o CO oo I> rtf 05 00 CO cd rH id 05 00 H rtf' cd trP rH id id 00 o d cd id rtf' cd CO* cd cd o trP frP rH Cd rH rH rH Cd rH rH rH

Ele- ment

W

He 3

Be

m O X O

Ne Na Mg < 35 Ph cc O << X

Ca Sc Ti >

Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu

rH Cd CO rH lO co oo 05 o rH Cd CO rtf iO CO tr. oo 05 o rH cd CO rtf iO CO tr. 00 05 rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH Cd Cd Cd cd Cd Cd Cd Cd Cd Cd

XXVIII
co

1

1

1

1

i CO i

i

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1 05 1 1

i i i

i i i

i i i

i i i

i i I

i i i

i i i

CO

1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 05 1 1 1 rH 1 1 1

iO

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 iO

iO 1 1 1 1 <M

i-H 1 1 1 1 rH

U0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 J> 1 1 1 1 05 CO

05 GO 1 1 1 1 05 o rH 1 1 1 1 rH

1

1

1

1

1

1 05 05 1 1 1 05 CO

id o 05 1 1 1 cd od

CO Tt< iO 1

1

1

1 1C 11 CO CO o o rH

1

1 05 CO o 05 05 1 iO 00 rH 05 © Tin' 00 05 id cd o 1 o TjH GO

CO CO CO 05 CO CO CO 1

1 05 05 05

CO rH CO CO 05 CO

05 iO 05 05 IO CO IO IO o o

t» o id o rH rH Tji 05

rH 05 05 05 05 05 rH rH rH rH o o 05

05 © 00 rH iO 05 05 iO

CO o 00 00 00 ,"H CO iO 05 t>

05 cd 05 05 rH cd TlH id cd cd cd

CO I—

cd 05 cd

05 CO J>

cN

a © O O

09 <

©m m

(< j . . « tf m >* n

J3£

O —i (N CO Tt< CO CO CO CO CO

i©CO O h 00

CO CO CO

05 © i-i CO 'f rf

csa ^(DrHrH^^MO00e0iOC005OC5H 05 05 C0^TfaOOO Tft-Hi005c0'^c0i0c0t^c0'^i005 05 00c00505l>i0c0t^e0'^

Element

Ruthenium

Sulfur

AntimonyScandium

Selenium Silicon

Samarium

Tin

Strontium Tantalum Terbium

Technetium

Tellurium Thorium Titanium Thallium Thulium Uranium

Vanadium Wolfram Xenon

Yttrium

Ytterbium

Zinc

Zirconium

Symbol

tS3 iOC5NH fHOO«C0M®iO'-i05C0^'t0500 ^00Ni0iO©

05-^ -1^0^05 0 I>- -h 05 00 t}i CO 00 *0 t» 05 00 CO l» ^ GO

Element

Manganese

Molybdenum

NitrogenSodium

Niobium

Neodymium

Neon

Nickel

Neptunium

OxygenOsmium

Phosphorus

Protactinium

Lead

Palladium

Promethium

Polonium

Praseodymium

Platinum

Plutonium

Radium

Rubidium Rhenium Rhodium Radon

Symbol c3-QT3o>.^0< m ^^’o2oih-p3»5-c <D-^C

N) CO 00 CO 05 CO b- -H Tf< (N -H 05 05 O CO 05 t'- 05 CO t>- CO -H 05 COCOCO 05 00 CO CO CO l> 00 CO IO T}H t> -H CO lO r

Element

Dysprosium

Erbium

Europium

Fluorine

Iron

Francium Gallium

Gadolinium Germanium Hydrogen Deuterium)

Tritium) Helium

Hafnium Mercury

Holmium

Iodine Indium Iridium

Potassium Krypton

Lanthanum

Lithium

Lutetium

Magnesium

Symbol >> 3 _ ©n_bCO o3 — 35 J?

N

00 05t^e0icc0i005i0c0':tl c00i0c00000000t^c0t>-'^i005 —I 00 Tt< 05 CO 00 IO OOC5CO 05 ^ IO 05 1-H 05 05 05 iO 05

Element

Argon

Actinium

Silver

Aluminum

Americium

Arsenic

Astatine

Gold

Boron

Barium

Beryllium Bismuth

Berkelium Bromine Carbon Calcium

Cadmium

Cerium

Californium

Chlorine Curium Cobalt

Chromium

Cesium Copper

Symbol o bC_ £ id -p 3 «3 ® — ^ p gj’3o<M-l HoiHiB3 <Cd^<J<C<P5«CQCQffl(a00UC)00000!J0

XXIX
£ m

*2 oT

03 ft

>>

® * o

T3

<D GO g 03 2 «

s.2 8 3I* 0) o3 3

be <a 5 oO O o3 * 9

bi 3 2 g a 2 03 ,2,3 o ^° a 3 , 'H •« (H •o^ /n *“< "3 §

.2 §

"c £

asO t3 is 03

03 a; ’£ ‘g

03 2

,3H .23 • o o a VO «

03 j!3 C-^

.So

S.S,

GO g

oT^

CO 03 o a

bo O 8 *

"3 9 2 03 3 °

03 03 bog

e3 O

C3 0Q

’as bt S 5

b. 3

•-5 3

03 r9

03 Cj GQ3 bo J 3

£f.2 --3

XXX
Table

21.

Index

—

Isoelectronic

Sequences

[The

tabular

entries

are

page

numbers]

XXXI

CHROMIUM

Cr I

24 electrons Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

a 3s2 3p® 3d

s 4s 7 S3

a

7S3 54565 ±1 cm"1 I. P. 6.763 volts

The arc spectrum of chromium has an interesting history. As early as 1907 Miller found

pairs of lines having similar Zeeman patterns, which were shown by Richter in 1914 to be members of the two outstanding triplets in the blue and violet. This early work inspired a systematic

search, started in 1918 at the National Bureau of Standards, for all groups of lines exhibiting

recurring constant wave number differences, and additional triplets in the near infrared were

reported by Kiess and Meggers in 1920.

This spectrum is unique in that the discovery of further regularities in Cr i was made

independently and almost simultaneously at three places. In 1922 when Catalan announced

his discovery of multiplets in the spectra of manganese, he also reported a few in Cr i. At

nearly the same time Fr. Gieseler, from her study of the Zeeman effect, found similar groups of

related lines in Cr i. Shortly afterwards C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess reported the arrangement

of the strong triplets in two systems of series including both sharp and diffuse members.

The present term list has been furnished by C. C. Kiess in advance of publication, especially

for inclusion here. He has revised and extended the earlier work by Catalan and others.

Approximately 2800 lines are classified in the range between 1988 A and 11610 A, resulting from

combinations among 155 terms. Four multiplicities, singlets, triplets, quintets, and septets, are known, the terms of each being connected by observed intersystem combinations. The

limit is excellently determined from three series of 7S, 5S, and 7P° terms, two of three members

each, and one of four members, which are accurately represented by a Ritz formula.

In 1945 Kiess generously furnished the writer with his analysis for inclusion in her 11Revised

Multiplet Table” His later work has introduced changes in both the notation and the analysis

she used. In order to avoid confusion these changes are recorded below, the first entry (R M T)

,

denoting the data used in the “Revised Multiplet Table ” , the second, (A E L), the present revision

of that material:

Changes in Notation

R M T A E L R M T A E L

/

5 P e

8P s *G° r *G°

z

1 H° y 'H° q

3 H° p *H°

2 11° y

1 I° w 3 I« x 1 H°

y

1 I° x *i° u' 6 F° t 5F° w *F° v

3 F° t 6 F° 8

S F°

v

3 F° u *F° s

5F° r *F° u *F° s *F° r »F° q

6 F°

t *F° r

3 F° 12 22

1
2

Cr i—Continued

Changes in Analysis

Desig. R M T A E L

g

7 Di 47699. 18 47700. 18

v

3 P l Missing 56802. 50

t 3 P 2) 1 Rejected

x

3 D i 48681. 53: 48839. 90 u

3 H 4

° Missing 55915. 50

W 3 Ij 60005. 4 59806. 27

tc 5D0

° Missing 46081. 27

t

5DJ 52000. 59 51999. 62

s

6 D 3 53540. 8 53558. 05

All three-place <7-values in the table and those for the levels a

fi P3 , z

SS2, and uBFl,i have

been calculated by Kiess from Zeeman patterns observed at the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology. The rest are from the paper by Catalan and Sancho.

This detailed analysis will be published by the National Bureau of Standards in the near

future. With this splendid piece of work Kiess has provided another highly complex spectrum

which affords an excellent confirmation of Hund’s general theory of atomic spectra.

REFERENCES

W. Miller, Ann. der Phys. [4] 24, 105 (1907). (C L) (Z E)

R. Richter, Dissertation (Gottingen) (1914). (C L) (Z E)

C. C. Kiess and W. F. Meggers, Sci. Papers Bur. Std. 16, 58 No. 372 (1920). (C L)

M. A. Catalan, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London [A] 223, 127 (1922). (C L) H. Gieseler, Ann. der Phys. [4] 69, 147 (1922). (C L) (Z E)

C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess, Science 56, 666 (1922). (C L) H. Gieseler, Zeit. Phys. 22, 228 (1924). (I P) (T) (C L)

C. C. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 775, RP229 (1930). (T)

M. A. Catalan y P. M. Sancho, An. Soc. Esp. Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) 29, 327 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

C. C. Kiess, see C. E. Moore, Princeton Univ. Obs. Contr. No. 20, 37-42 (1945). (C L)

C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (February 1950). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)
3

Cri Cri

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d5 (a 8S)4s a 7S 3 0. 00 2. 007

3d5 (a 8 S)4s a 4 S 2 7593. 16 2. 006

3d4 4s2 a 5 D 0 7750. 78

60. 116. 167. 212.

04

65

7436 0. 000 1 7810. 82 1 . 501 2 7927. 47 1 . 496 3 8095. 21 1 . 501 4 8307. 57 1 . 497

3d4 (a 4 G)4s a 5 G 2 20517. 40

3.

2.0. -4.

52

77

25

34 0. 37 3 20520. 92 0. 93 4 20523. 69 1 . 13 5 20523. 94 1 . 25 6 20519. 60 1 . 33

3d4 (a 4 P)4s a 4 P 3 21840. 84 -7.

-9.

04

06 1 . 60 2 21847. 88 1 . 847 1 21856. 94 2. 500

3d4 4s3 a 3 P 012

23163.

23512. 24093.

27

00

16

348. 581. 73

16

3d4 (a 8S)4p z 7p° 2 23305. 01

81. 112. 34

49

2. 334 3 23386. 35 1 . 92 4 23498. 84 1 . 752

3d4 4s2 a 3 H 456

23933. 24056.

24200.

90

1123

122.

144. 2112

3d4 (6 4 D)4s 6 5 D 0 24277. 06

9. 13.

4. -21.

48

35

05

60 0. 00 1 24286. 54 1 . 48 2 24299. 89 1 . 51 3 24303. 94 1 . 55 4 24282. 34 1 . 51

3d5 (a 4 G)4s a 3 G 3 24833. 86

63. 141. 69

06 45 24897.

25038. 55

61

3d4 4s2 a 3 F 23 24940. 25106.

6134 165.

71. 7305 4 25177. 39

3d4 4s (a 8 D)4p z 7po 0 24971. 21

39.

78. 116. 153.

189. 222.

43

56

82

60

02

76 1 25010. 64 1 . 52 2 25089. 20 1 . 50 3 25206. 02 1 . 49 4 25359. 62 1 . 51 5 25548. 64 1 . 51 6 25771. 40 1 . 53

3d4 (a 8 S)4p z 5po 3 26787. 50 -8.

-5.

78

65 1 . 670 2 26796. 28 1 . 830 1 26801. 98 2. 512

3d4 (a 4 P)4s 6 3 P 0 27163. 20

13. 46. 02

83 1 27176. 22 2 27223. 05

3d4 4s (a 8 D)4p z ?D° 1 27300. 19

81. 118.

149. 175.

99

1934

74

3. 01 2 27382. 18 1 . 99 3 27500. 37 1 . 76 4 27649. 71 1 . 66 5 27825. 45 1 . 61

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d4 4s2 b *G 34527597.

27703.

27816.

2284

88

106. 62

113. 04

3d4 4s (a 8 D)4p

y

7po 2 27728. 87

91. 36

115. 03

2. 341 3 27820. 23 1. 929 4 27935. 26 1. 761 3d5 (6 4 D)4s a 3 D 3 28637. 00 -45. 18

2. 75 2 28682. 18 1 28679. 43

3d4 4s (a 8 D)4p

y

jpo 1 29420. 90

163. 72

240. 13

2. 513 2 29584. 62 1. 836 3 29824. 75 1. 669

3d4 4s (a 8 D)4p z spo 1 30787. SO

71. 52

106. 64

140. 91

173. 98

0. 002 2 30858. 82 0. 997 3 30965. 46 1. 245 4 31106. 37 1. 345 5 31280. 35 1. 396

3d4 (a 2 D)4s

b 3 D 3 31009. 00 -19. 33

-20. 52 2 31028. 33 1 31048. 85

3d* (a 3 1) 4s a 3 I 7 31048. 00 -1. 33 -6. 02 6 31049. 33 5 31055. 35

3d4 (6 4 F)4s a 4F 1 31352. 42

2. 79 2 31355. 21 3 31364. 33 9. 12

13. 63

15. 44 4 31377. 96 5 31393. 40

3d4 4s3 a 3 G 4 31987. 06

3d4 4s2 a il 6 32097. 36

3d4 (a 2 F)4s

b 3 F 2 33040. 10

20. 64

52. 53 3 33060. 74 4 33113. 27

3d4 4s (a 8 D)4p z 4 D° 0 33338. 20

85. 59

118. 32

129. 44

144. 51

-0. 003 1 33423. 79 1. 499 2 33542. 11 1. 497 3 33671. 55 1. 497 4 33816. 06 1. 499

3d4 4s (a 4 D)4p z 3 po 0 33762. 56

134. 70

293. 23

0. 00 1 33897. 26 1. 49 2 34190. 49 1. 55 3d4 (a 2I)4s b 11 6 33762. 74 3d4 4s2 c 3 D 1 33906. 65

29. 00

-0. 77 2 33935. 65 3 33934. 88

3d8 c 4D 43 35398. 35501. 02

26 -103. 24

-71. 68

-45. 57

-22. 18 2 35572. 94 1 35618. 51 0 35640. 69

3d4 (6 4 F)4s c »F 2 35807. 90

5. 83

49. 09 3 35813. 73 4 35862. 82
4

Cr I—Continued Cr I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3

d

®(6 2 H)4s b

3 H 4 35870. 53

13. 87

49. 62

3d* (a 4 G)4p z ®G° 2 42515. 35

23. 46

26. 04

24. 40

16. 56

0. 35

5 35884. 40 3 42538. 81

6 35934. 02 4 42564. 85

5 42589. 25 1. 23 3d4 4s (a 4 D)4p 3

3 F° 2 35897. 87

136. 35

177. 93

6 42605. 81 1. 32

3 36034- 22

4 36212. 15 3d 2 *S° 4 4s (b 4 P)4p 2 43124. 88 1. 96

3

d

*(6 2 F)4s d 3 F 2 36558. 55 - 6. 42

25. 60

3d*(a 6S)4d e ®D 4 44050. 87 -17. 85 - 12. 18 - 8. 02

-3. 88

3 36552. 13 3 44068. 72

4 36577. 73 2 44080. 90

1 44088. 92

3d*(a 6 S)5s e

7 S 3 36895. 73 0 44092. 80

3d*(5 2 G)4s c

3 G 3 37205. 88

38. 29 - 10. 67

3d*(a 4 P)4p w ®P° 1 44125. 90

61. 02

72. 44

2. 74

4

5 37244. 1737233. 50

23 441 86. 92

44259. 36

1. 79

1 . 68

3d* (a 8 S)5s e «S 2 37883. 34 3d4 4s (0 4 H)4p 2 *1

° 4 44246. 70

61. 26

85. 14

121. 34

152. 11

5 44807. 96

3d*(5 2 H)4s a m 5 38537. 68 6 44393. 10

3d4 4s (a 4 D)4p z

3 D° 1 38597. 06

133. 61

180. 66

7

8

44514. 44

44666. 55

23

38730. 67

38911. 33 3d4 4s (a 4 H)4p y

5 G° 2 44299. 98

73. 36

161. 12

57. 00

154. 80

0. 35

3 44873. 34 0. 93

3d®(6 2 G)4s b *G 4 39158. 63 4 44534. 46

5 44591. 46 1. 25

3d4 4s (a 4 D)4p y

5 F° 1 40906. 46

64. 83

114. 97

138 52

0. 004 6 44746. 26 1. 34

2 40971. 29 1 . 28

3 41086. 26 1. 246 3d4 4s(5 4 P)4p v

5 P° 1 44666. 74 208. 45

238. 03

2. 47

4 41224. 78

168. 69 1. 360 2 44875. 19

5 41393. 47 3 45113. 22 1. 65

3d4 4s (a 4 D)4p x *P° 1 40930. 31

52. 66

60. 38

2. 455 3d4 4s (a 4 F)4p x *F° 1 45201. 84

23. 36

30. 31

30. 57

20. 37

2 40982. 97 1. 76 2 45225. 20

3 41043. 35 1. 640 3 45255. 51 3d4 4s (a 4 D)4p y

5 D° 0 41224. 80

64. 37

119. 86

166. 07

207. 09

- 0. 001

4

5 45286. 08

45306. 45 1. 41

1 41289. 17 1. 503

2 41409. 03 1. 504 3d* (a 4 G)4p 2

3 H° 6 45348. 73 -5. 45

-4. 45

3 41575. 10 1. 503 5 45354. 18

4 41782. 19 1. 500 4 45358. 63

3d4 4s (a 4 H)4p 2 *H° 3 42025. 60

54. 21 73 93

3d* (a 4 G)4p V

5H° 3 45566. 02

48. 86

48. 40

44. 08

34. 13

0. 52

4 42079. 81 4 4561 4. 88

5 42153. 74 Q8 43 5 45663. 28

6

7 42252. 17

42387. 32 135. 15 67

45707. 36

45741. 49 1. 29

3d4 4s (b 4 P)4p x ®D° 0 42218. 37

74. 59

145. 86

209 44

-0. 003 3d* (a 6 S) 6s /

7 S 3 45643. 38 2. 05

1 42292. 96 1. 501

2 42438. 82 1. 494 3d5 (a 4 P)4p y

3 P° 0 45722. 59 -3. 39

15. 12

3 42648. 26

260. 31 1. 498 1 45719. 20

4 42908. 57 1. 497 2 45734. 32

3d*(a «S)5p x

7 P° 234

42238. 04

42254. 11 42275. 20

16. 07

21. 09

3d* (a 4 G)4p y

3 F° 23

4

45966. 45

46000. 36

46058. 20

33. 91

57. 84

3d*(a 6 S)4d e

7 D 1 42253. 42

1 . 10

1. 74

2. 11

2. 69

3d* (a 6 S) 6s /

5 S 2 45967. 81

2 42254. 52

3442256. 26

42258. 37

3d5 fa 4 P)4p y

3 D° 12 46077. 09

46109. 26 32. 17

65. 14 1. 24

5 42261. 06 1. 55 3 46174. 40 1. 33
5

Cr I—Continued Cr I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.gr

3d5 (a 4 P)4

p

w ®D° 0 46081. 27 217 05

1 46298. 82 51 18

2 46849. 60 18 85

3 46368. 85 54 11 4 46422. 46

3

d

4 4s (o ®D)5s 1

t d 1 46448. 60 76 24 2. 99

2 46524. 84 IIO Q*7 1. 99

3 46637. 21 1 AX QX 1. 77

4 46783. 06 1 *7X 09 1. 63

5 46958. 98 I/O.

1. 61 3d5 (a 4 G)4p w «F° 1 46678. 85

1 29

2 46677. 06 11 18

3 46688. 24 32 30 1. 25

4 46720. 64 15 56

5 46704. 98 1. 37

3d4 4s (a 4H)4p z

3 G° 3 46846. 77 58 26

4 46905. 03 80 84

5 46985. 87

3d4 4s (c 4 D)4p u ®P° 3 46878. 61 89 09 1. 68

2 46967. 70

54. 05 1. 83

1 47021. 75 2. 43

3d4 4s (6 4 G)4p a; ®G° 2 47047. 47 78 23 0. 45

3 47125. 70 64 17 0. 96

4 47189. 87 38 93

5 47228. 80 6 53 1. 27

6 47222. 27 1. 44

3d® (a 4 G)4p y

3 G° 3 47048. 48 6 43 4 47054. 91 0 40

5 47055. 81 3d4 4s (6 4 P) 4p z' 3 S° 1 47088. 40

3d4 4s (a 4H)4p z

3I° 5 47586. 06 44 37

6 47630. 48 62 20

7 47692. 68

3d4 4s (6 4 G)4p x ®H° 3 47621. 81 67 20

4 47688. 51 105 31 5 47798. 82 148 47

6 47942. 29 197 89

7 481 40. 18

3d® (6 4 D)4p o ®F° 1 47629. 66

1 85

2 47681. 51 4 74

3 47636. 25 a rq 4 47639. 84 4 92 1. 34

5 47644. 76

3d® (a ®S)6p w 7 P° 2 47697. 44 11 15

3 47708. 59 10 49

4 47719. 08

3d* (a ®S)5d g

7 D 1 47700. 18 0 77

2 47700. 95

3 47702. 30 1* oO

O 9R

4 47704. 66 z. 00

5 47709. 80 O. 14

3d® (5 4 D)4p v ®D° 0 47788. 08 15 78 0. 00

1 47772. 80 ia an 1. 37

2 47786. 10 1. 39

3 47814. 40 52 08 1. 53

4 47866. 48 1. 50

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. q

3d4 4s (b 4 G)4p u ®F° 1 47877. 55

40. 38

fin

0. 00

2 47917. 98 1. 04

3 47974. 53 39 87 1. 36

4 48014. 40 -28. 64 5 47985. 76 1. 38

3d4 4s (c 4 D)4p t *F° 1 48210. 04

7. 79

34 08 2 48217. 88

3 48251. 91 -209. 08 4

5 48042. 83

3d4 4s (5 4 P)4p x

3 P° 0 48226. 86 ind Q4. 1 48381. 80

127. 37 2 48458. 67

3d4 4s (a 4 H)4p y

3H° 4 48288. 87

22. 02

134. 96 56

48810. 89

48445. 35

3d4 4s (a ®D)5s / *D 0 48488. 23

19. 33

51. 01

103. 02

162. 91

1 48507. 56

2

3 48558. 5748661. 59 1. 46

4 48824. 50 1. 46

3d4 4s (a 4 F)4p x

3 G° 3 48515. 08 47.08

224. 23

4

5 48562. 16

48786. 89

1° 3 48686. 14

3d4 4s (6 4 P)4p x 3 D° 1 48839. 90

187. 68

283. 28

2 49027. 58

3 49310. 86

3d® (a ®S)7s’ g

7 S 3 49177. 83

3d4 4s (6 4 G)4p w 3 G° 3 49870. 70

83. 24

84 12 4 49453. 94

5 49588. 06

3d4 4s (a 4 F)4p w ®G° 2 49466. 77

52. 95

53. 31 44 58

3 49519. 72 1. 04

4 49573. 03

5 49617. 61

17. 55 6 49685. 16 1. 35

3d® (a 4 P)4p y

3 S° 1 49477. 04

e

3F 2

34

49586. 38

49717. 88

49863. 50

131. 50

145. 62

3d® (6 4 D)4p t *P° 1 49588. 97

9. 11 214 38

2. 48

2 49598. 08 1. 88

3 49812. 46 1. 77

3d® (6 4 D)4p x

3 F° 4 49620. 69 9Q sa 3 49650. 22 -2. 54 2 49652. 76

3d®(a 4 P)4p y ®S° 2 49822. 59 2. 00

3d4 4s (a «D)5p s ®F° 1 50018. 80

38. 81 44 43

108. 83

42. 40

2

3

50057. 61

50102. 04 1. 27

4 50210. 87 1. 25

5 50258. 27 1. 39
6

Cr I—Continued Cr I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. Level Interval

3d«(6 4 D)4p

w *D° 1 60105. 54 78 Hfi 3d4 4s (a 4D)5p q 6F° 1 54198. 23

53. 96

76. 76

96. 34

111. 24 2 50184. 10

80. 38 2 54252. 19 3 50264* 48 3 54328. 95 4 54425. 29

3d4 4s (c 4 D)4p u »D° 4 50557.56 -70. 55

-26. 65

-8.01

1. 57

1. 54 5 54536. 53 3 50628. 11 1. 54 2 50654* 76 1. 51 e 8F 1 54296. 76

86. 60

92. 93

96. 55

87. 47 1 50662. 77 1. 46 2 54383. 36 0 50661. 20 0. 00 3 54476. 29 4 54572. 84

3d* 4s(a 4 F)4p w 3 F° 2 50890. 15

60. 27

109. 37 5 54660. 31 34

50950. 42

51059. 79 3d8 (a 2 I)4p z 3 K° 6 5431 6. 83

88. 11

93. 33

w 3 P° 7 54404* 94 3d>(b 4 D)4p 0 51176. 88 69 99 8 54498. 27 1 51246. 87

39. 65 Cr ii(8 S2*)

3d4 4s (a 4 D) 5s 2 51286. 52 Limit 54565

3d6 (a 2I)4p z >H° 5 51401. 24 g 8 D 0

3d* 4s (o 4 F)4p t 8D° 01 51999. 62

62003. 06 3. 44 123

54671. 90

54818. 55

54986. 82

146. 65

168. 27

222. 19 2 52012. 44

9. 38

19. 28 4 55209. 01 3 52031. 72 3d4 4s (a 4 52064* 27 32. 55 2H)4p w 3H° 4 54736. 55 62 63 5 54799. 18

87. 64

3d6 (a 2 I)4p

V 3 I° 5 52591. 94

68. 67

17. 27 6 54886. 82 67

52660. 61

52677. 88 3d4 4s (a 2H)4p z 1 I° 6 54800. 26

2° 4 52720. 07 3d4 4s (a 4 D)5s e 3 D 123

54804. 69

54974. 64

55204. 79

169. 95

230. 15

3d* 4s (6 4 G)4p 2 3 H° 6 52914* 94 29 55 54

52885. 39

52963. 44

-78. 05 3d5 (a 2 I)4p t; 3H° 45 54810. 94

54929. 72 118. 78

-63. 15 6 54866. 57 3d8 (6 4 F)4p r *F° 1 53011. 65

25. 87

36. 38

43. 64

54. 79 234

53037. 52

53073. 90

53117. 54

3d8 (a 2 D)4p

v 3 D° 123

54956. 59

55152. 63

65451. 64

196. 04

299. 01 5 53172. S3 1. 42

3d8 (a 2 I)4p z »K° 7 54970. 23

3d4 4s (a 8D)4d e 7 G 1 53148. 35

29. 52

50. 62

70. 41

94. 60

3d4 4s (c 2 F)4p

v 2 3 F° 34

53177. 87

53228. 49

53298. 90 234

54992. 93

65101. 87

55207. 40

108. 94

105. 53 5 53393. 50 67

53517. 85

53662. 64

124. 35

144. 79

3d8 (a 2 F) 4p u 3F° 43 55120. 77

55352. 72 -231. 95 - 120. 95 2 55473. 67

3d4 4s (o 8D)4d e 7 F 01 53376. 7

53414. 1 37. 4

53. 3

95. 6

140. 9

144. 2

192. 1

3d8 (a 2 I) 4p

y 1 I° 6 55516. 69 2345

53467. 4

53563. 0

53703. 9

53848. 1

3d4 4s (a 2 H)4p

x 3 I° 567

55686. 46

55741* 11 55799. 10

54. 65

57. 99 6 54040. 2 3d8 (b 2H)4p u »H° 6 55908. 12

33. 14 3d4 4s (a 8D)5p s *D° 0 -40. 52 1 54

55874* 98

55915. 50 23

63558. 05

53640. 74

82. 69

142 03

3d4 4s (a 2 H)4p

V 1 H° 5 55945* 08

3d4 4s (o s G)4pv 3 G° 4345

53782. 77

53804* 84

63927. 59

64078. IS

122. 75

150. 54

3d5 (6 4 F)4p

v 8 G° 23456

56165. 12

56209. 81

66279. 56

56361. 86

66449* 10

54. 69

69. 75

82. 30

87. 24

Obs. g
7

Cr I—Continued Cr i—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* (a 2 D)4p „ 3 Po 210

56591. 88

56722. 60

56802. 50

-130. 72

-79. 90

3d* (6 4 F)4p q 3F° 234

60253. 00

60326. 04

60367. 38

73. 04

41. 34

3d® (6 2H)4p u 8 G° 3 56985. 67 47 93 3d4 4s (b 2 I)4p

v 3 I° 5 60437. 63

99. 92

129. 42 45

57033. 60

57088. 25 54. 65 67

60527. 55

60656. 97

3d4 4s (a 2 P)4p u 3 P° 2 57087. 70 dd RQ 3d* (b 2 H) 4p X 11° 6 60441- 43 1 57132. 59 -22. 00 • 0 57154. 59 s 3 G° 5 60467. 85 -36. 09

-14. 22 4 60503. 94

3d4 4s (a ®D)6p p ®F° 1 57096. 62

4. 04

85. 94

50. 90

90. 16 3 60518. 16 2 57100. 66 34

57186. 60

57237. 50

3d® (6 2 F) 4p s 3 D° 32

60615. 84

60629. 87 - 14. 03

-48. 25 5 57327. 66 1 60678. 12

3d* (6 2 F)4p t 8F° 2 57220. 67

55. 75

59. 05

3d4 4s (c 2 G)4p p 3 F° 2 34

57276. 43

57335. 47 34

60819. 50

60960. 58 141. 08

3d* (a 4 G)5s e ®G 234557350. 65

57361. 24

57372. 78

57382. 93

10. 59

11. 54

10. 15

6. 39

3d4 4s (c 2 G)4p s 3 H° 456

60870. 63

61008. 07

61191. 64

137. 44

183. 57 6 57389. 32 3d* (6 2 G)4p r 3 G° 3 61078. 28

44. 92

38. 15 4 61123. 20

3d4 4s (c 2 G)4p t 8 G° 3 57557. 03

30. 33

115. 00 5 61161. 35 45 57587. 36

57702. 36 3d4 4s (6 4 P)5s e ®P 12

61558. 17

61687. 56 129. 39

162. 61 3d4 4s (a 4 D)5p r »D° 0 57958. 43

36. 62

68. 76

83. 96

144. 86 3 61850. 17 1 57995. 04 2 58063. 80 3° 2 61675. 72 3 58147. 76 q 4 58292. 62 3 G° 3 61930. 05

46. 45

61. 10 4 61976. 50 e 8 G 3 57984. 94

7. 21 -1. 92 5 62037. 60 4 57992. 15 5 57990. 23 3d® (a 4 G)4d / «G 2 62646. 60

15. 36

9. 04

19. 96

-17. 04 3 62661. 96

3d*(o 2D)4p s 8F° 2 58162. 84

39. 81 -34 76 4 62671. 00 3 58202. 65 5 62690. 96 4 58167. 89 6 62673. 92

3d4 4s (a 2 P)4p u 8 D° 1 58725. 28

134. 95

261. 92

3d4 4s (6 2 I)4p r *H° 4 62762. 06

68. 20

72. 77 23

58860. 23

59122. 15 56 62830. 26

62903. 03

3d4 4s(o 2 G)4p t 8H° 4 58728. 29

26. 29

20. 78

3d* (6 2 G)4p q »H° 4 63116. 80

27. 56

38. 58 5 58754- 58 5 63144 86 6 58775. 36 6 63182. 94

3d® (a 2 F)4p t *D° 1 58870. 20 -98. 17

152. 09

3d*(d 2 G)4p p 8H° 4 63841. 81

85. 46

70. 59 23

58772. 03

58924. 13 56

63927. 27

63997. 86

3d4 4s(a 2 G)4p r »F° 2 59357. 90

59. 11

70. 70

3d4 4s (a 4 H)5s e »H 3 64712. 04

39. 38

50. 66

34. 22

103. 98 3 59417. 01 4 64751. 42 4 59487. 71 5 64802. 08

3d* (6 2H)4pw *1° 5 59806. 27

78. 00

73. 19 67

64836. 30

64940. 28 6 59884- 37 p 7 59957. 46 3d*(d 2 G)4p? 8 G° 3 66008. 95

85. 11

86. 28

3d* (6 2 H)4p

x iH° 4 66094 06 5 60005. 60 5 66180. 34

3d4 4s (a 2P)4p

x 8 S° 1 60084- 09

Tebruary 1950.
8

5* ** ** o o ww o o o o ww ww

TMAlV8—

a.s o o

t- »© n a

«o"

OO»o CO N Al o o o ?

IO CO to 60 ©n M

si 3 »

Ptife

to co

v » H o o o o ooA n ooo n

Si ** 8 H o o

P*Hpt| » 3 a«aHoa>aa

OQA©

AH

fcA

OQ X)o

PhOh

C*»

U5 g N H o o QQN « N oo

pL,d, N O

QQ»o CO QQto co QQto CO QQto co 3 Si fe 3 H H O O PhPh

to CO O O

Ph

to eo O O PhPh

to CO o o

PlhPui

to eo H *» 3 5* ~ 3

*» H O O gqgq o o CQCQ

Si Si

M

M Q

0-0 O wMS w

ooM mm -o o OO00 •* <o O

P*hO QQ>0 n a «

Als QQN «J QQ*0 CO QQto «•

PH

CO Plh P-.00 <• 0-0

V 11 o' o'

A. eo ab!& *§? O A. o«%<N% %CO §

/—

N Qco Q 8 § s 3 W

mCD 3 ov—- o S' Qo< •o HH

ec ov-/ o

8, 4m 4m o C5 S-/ cO 4m o 4S 4m %eo § %eo § § 1 § § § §

3d»(a*D)n* |

6*D|

»*P°

»»D°

s»F l
oQt 1 9 o o

HH hH

•o ** H N o o o o

PxhEli o o o o aw>« N aaW ^ H H g >> o o oo 9 » o o o aaA aM 3 H "*

w*0 a « 5 o

EM

«o3 on3 P«33

TJ1 AH o

EmP3

Oh3 o o

Em

a. aCO aCO »- a. O<oa.

Em e013

T5OO>©©a©3

cr©O©XO

fi

-t-s ©©a©©xS©•+* X!©©

-3£aMo

Em#

aa

-o e OO© 45

Em EmEm

-o CJ «

EmM

”3

3<Al

^3

"33

EM3

"3

Em3 o aCO 1 § O P | o G g

x—

P

45 3, &r a « o v> 45 O 02

«o 3 o

05 3*

55 3<

55 3< c -o

55

"3< 65"3< -o

55 3*

co 05

•3* "3

v-/ ^3

05 3* ,3, ^5

CO 3 § 1

*3

eo eo § eo

*3eo*3

eo %eo eo l
10

Cr H

(V i sequence; 23 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d5 eS2^

a

6S2h 133060 cm 1 I. P. 16.49 volts

The present term list is the result of an extensive and detailed analysis of this complex

spectrum recently completed by C. C. Kiess especially for inclusion here. His wavelength list extends from 1700 A to 7300 A, based on spectrograms secured at the National Bureau of

Standards and at the Mt. Wilson Observatory; also at Princeton for the region shorter than

2000 A. Approximately 1950 classified lines and about 500 multiplets are now known.

Three series of two members each, 6D, 4D, and 4G, give a limit that is known to be

high. The correction derived from longer known series in related spectra has been estimated

by H. N. Russell as about —0.37 ev, or roughly —2940 cm-1

. This adjustment has been made

in the limit quoted here.

Intersystem combinations connect the terms of all multiplicities.

The low singlet terms from 3d4 in Cr m have not yet been found, although terms from these

limits are known in Cr n. In the array of observed terms these limit terms have been inserted

in the numerical order in which they appear in the table. The prefixes “a” have been assumed

for them.

REFERENCES

C. C. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 778, RP229 (1930). <T)

C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 385, RP2266 (1951). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 619 (1950). (I P)

Cr n Cr II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d® a «S 2)4 0.00 3d4 (a 3 H)4s a

4 H 3)4 30156. 94

62. 10

79. 73

93. 17

0. 667

3d4 (a ®D)4s a ®D 0)4 11962. 00

70. 72

115. 28

155. 98

192. 81

3. 323

4)

4

5)

4 30219. 04

30298. 77

0. 978

1. 162

1)

4

2)

4 12032. 72

12148. 00

1. 867

1. 669

6)4 30391. 94 1. 234

3)4 12303. 98 1. 578 3d4 (a 3 F) 4s a

4 F IK 31083. 11

34. 48

51. 19

50. 71

0. 418

4)4 12496. 79 1. 554 2)4 31117. 59 1. 032

3)4 31168. 78 1. 246

3d4 (a *D)4s a

4 D 0)4 19528. 38

102. 90

166. 73

226. 17

0. 000 4)4 31219. 49 1. 340

1)4 19631. 28 1. 192

2)

4

3)

4 19798. 01

20024. 18

1. 370

1. 427

3d® a *D 2)4 IK

31351. 15

31531. 62 -180. 47

3d® a

4 G 2)4 20512. 62

5. 71

1. 52

-7. 10

0. 599 3d® a

2F 3K 32355. 94 -247. 79

3)4 20518. 33 0. 994 2K 32603. 73

4)

4

5)

4 20519. 85

20512. 75

1. 161

1. 278 3d® b

4 F IK 32844. 92

10. 17 -18. 25

17. 62

2)4 32855. 09

3d® a 4 P 2)4 21822. 86 -1. 96

0. 57

1. 590 3K 32836. 84

1)4 0)4 21824. 82

21824. 25

1. 717

2. 693

3d4 (a 3 G)4s

4K 32854. 46

b

4 G 2K 33418. 11

103. 12

97. 90

75. 34

0. 588

3d® 6

4 D 3)4

2)4

1)4

25033. 95

25047. 04

25043. 10 -13. 09

3. 94

7. 46

355. 52

557. 01

1. 432

1. 381

1. 207

3K

4K

5)4

33521. 23

33619. 13 33694. 47

1. 024

1. 185

1. 276

3d4 (a *P)4s b

4 P

0)4

0)4

25035. 64

29952. 08

-0. 045

2. 685

3d4 (a 3 H)4s a *H 4K

5K

34631. 14

34813. 06 181. 92

1)

4

2)

4 30307. 60

30864. 61

1. 756

1. 572

3d4 (a *P)4s a *P OK

IK

34659. 48

35356. 06 696. 58 0. 670

1. 331

3d® 0*1 5)4 30143. 72

6. 44 3d4 (a 3 F)4s 6 *F 2K 35569. 02

38. 58 0. 867

6)4 30150. 16 3)4 35607. 60 1. 144
11

Cr n—Continued Cr II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d*

b 2 H 4h 35610. 50

97. 16 3d3 4s2 e 2 G 3H 54444. 19

234. 76 5H 35707. 66 4H 54678. 95

3d5 a 2 G 3H 36101. 82

170. 84 3d3 4s2 c 4 P 2H 55023. 30 -58. 4 4H 36272. 66 IH

OH

55081. 7?

3d* (a 8 D)4s c 4 D 3H 38269. 67 -45. 33

-47. 56

-33. 80

3d3 4s2 2 H 38315. 00

b 2 P OH 1 

OH

38362. 56

38396. 36

iH 59130. 51 3d3 4s2 e 2 D iH 59527. 05

43. 18 3d4 (a J G)4s b 2 G 3H 38509. 07

54. 08 0. 910 2H 59570. 23

4H 38563. 15 1. 100

3d4 (a 3 H)4p 2 4 H° 3H 63601. 20

105. 42

142. 49

181. 74>

0. 680

3d4 (a 3 G) 4s c 2 G 3/2 39684. 00

140. 52 4H 63706. 62 1. 030

4H 39824. 52 5H 63849. 11 1. 138

6H 64030. 85 1. 234

3d5 c 2 F 2/2 39742. 36

134. 92

3H 39877. 28 3d4 (a 3 P)4p

y 4 D° OH 63802. 41

259. 41

387. 02

475. 46

0. 000

iH 64061. 82 1. 199

3d4 (a *I)4s

b 2 I 6H 40202. 14 -26. 30 2H 64448. 84 1. 380

5H 40228. 44 3H 64924. so 1. 411 3d4 (a *S)4s a 2 S oy2 40415. 34 3d4 (a 3 P)4p 2 2 S° OH 65029. 67

3d4 (a 3 D)4s

b 2 D 2H1 42898. 12

42986. 73

-88. 61 3d4 (a 3 H)4p 2 4 G° 2H

3H

65156. 84

65257. 03 100. 19

127. 01

325. 49

0. 593

0. 920

4H 65384- 04 1. 120

3d6 b 2 S oh 44307. 44 5H 65709. 53 1. 265

3d4 (a iD) 4« c 2 D iH 45669. 54

61. 20 3d4 (a 3 H)4p 2 4 I° 4H 65217. 61

202. 34

198. 46 2H 45730. 74 5H

6H

65419. 95

65618. 41 3d4 (a ®D)4p z ®F° OH 4-6823. 64 SI ss -0. 689 7H 65812. 63 194. 22 1 H 46905. 52

135. 02

186 96

1. 124 3d4 (a 2H 47040. 54 1. 314 3H)4p 2 2 G° 3H 65543. 06

137. 09 3H 47227. 50 937 AA 1. 378 4H 65680. 15

4H 47464- 94 287. 04 1. 416

3d4 (a 5H 47751. 98 3 P)4p

y i P° OH 66256. 77

98. 36

372. 03

2. 545

iH 66355. IS 1. 671

3d® d 2 D 2H 47354. 63 -18. 12 2H 66727. 16 1. 502

1H 47372. 75

3d4 (a 3 P)4p 2 2 D° IH 66649. 71

362. 57 3d4 (a ®D)4p 2 «P° 1 H 48399. 19

92. 20

140. 97

2. 382 2H 67012. 28

2H 48491. 39 1. 875

3d4 (a 3H 48632. 36 1. 710 3 P)4p 2 2 P° OH1 H

66872. 12

67070. 48 198. 36

3d4 (a ®D)4p 2 4 P° OH 48749. 57

256. 58

345. 81

2. 844

3d4 (a 1H 49006. 15 1. 802 3 F)4p

y 4 G° 2H 67344- 42 - 10. 22

19. 40

15. 73

2H 49351. 96 1. 628 3H 67334- 20

4H 67353. 60

3d4 (a ®D)4p 2 6 D° OH 49493. 00

71. 80

141. 67

-60. 22

192. 18

3. 155 5H 67369. 33

iH 49564. 80 1. 824

2H

3H

4H

49706. 47

49646. 25

49838. 48

1. 624

1. 577

1. 570

3d4 (a 3 F)4p

y 4 F° IH

2H

3H

67379. 92

67387. SO

67393. 80

7. 38

6. 50

55. 02 4H 67448. 82

3d4 (a *F) 4s d 2 F 3H 50667. 33 -20. 30 3d4 (a sH)4p 2 2I° 5H

6H

2H 50687. 63 67506. 34

67589. 06' 82. 72

3d4 (o ®D)4p 2 4 F° 1 H

2H

3H

4H

51584. 44

51669. 75

51789. 21

51943. 04

85. 31

119. 46

153. 83

0. 406

1. 025

1. 248

1. 338

3d4 (a 3 F)4p

x 4 D° oh

IH

2H

3H

67859. 91

67870. 50

67868. 05

67875. 68

10. 59

-2. 45

7. 63

3d® d 2 G 3H

4H

52298. 12

52321. 30 23. 18 3d4 (a 3 P)4p 2 4 S° 1 H 68305. 73 1. 978

3d4 (a 3 H)4p 2 2H° 4H 68477. 11

260. 88 3d3 4s2 c 4 F 1 

2H

53051. 55

53271. 07 219. 52

295. 15

357. 35

5H 68737. 99

3H 53566. 22 3d4 (a 3 F)4p 2 2 F° 2H 68583. 44 176. 56 4H 53923. 57 3H 68760. 00

3d4 (a ®D)4p 2 4 D° OH1 H

2H

3H

54418. 08

54499. 70

54625. 76

54784- 67

81. 62

126. 06

158. 91

0. 007

1. 178

1. 376

1.430

3d4 (a 3 G)4p 2/ 4 H° 3H

4H

5H

6H

68848. 51

68992. 55

69170. 60

69388. 40

149. 04

178. 05

217. 80
12

Cr II

—Continued Cr II

—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d4 (a 3 G)4p

x 4 F° 69348. 36 3d4 (a J D)4p

w *P° OH 82854. 00

66. 03 2H 69478. 06 129. 70 IH2 82920. 03

3H 69506. 16 28. 10 4H 69498. 27 -7. 89 3d4 (a ®D)5s e 4 D OH 84208. 28

110. 26

175. 66

231. 76

iH 84318. 54

3d4 (a 3 F)4p

y 2 D° IH 69638. 77 2H 84494. 20

2H 69954- 20 315. 43 3H 84725. 96

3d4 (a 3 F)4p

y 2 G° 3H 69903. 46 3d4 (a 4 F)4p u 2 F° 2H 84604- 99

72. 40 4/2 70107. 83 204. 37 3H 84677. 39

3d4 (a 3 G)4p x 4 G° 2y2 70317. 04 3d4 (a 4 F)4p

v 2 G° 3H 85573. 42 366. 08 3y2 70427. 22 110. 18 4H 85939. 50

4y2 70679. 22 252. 00 5y2 70879. 95 200. 73 3d4 (a J F)4p

v 2 D° 2H 86507. 38 -3. 70 iH 86511. 08

3d* (a 3 G)4p

y 2H° 4H 70394- 46

5H 70399. 04 4. 58 3d iH 4 (a 6 D)4d e ®G 86594. 82

59. 61

83. 93

108. 94

133. 12

156. 92

2H 86654. 43

3d4 (a 3 G)4p

y 2 F° 2H 70584. 64 267. 60 3H 86738. 36

3/2 70852. 24 4H 86847. 30

5H 86980. 42

3d4 (a 3 G) 4p

x 2 G° 3/2 4H

72648. 79

72716. 91 68. 12 6H 87137. 34

3d4 (a 5 D)4d e «P IH 86667. 95

23. 82

90. 30 3d4 (a 3 D)4p w 4 D° OH 73406. 68

5. 26

9J. HI 2H 86691. 77

1/4 73411. 94 3H 86782. 07

2/2 3H

73436. 27

73485. 60 49. 33 3d4 (a 6 D)4d / ®D OH 87314. 0

40. 1 58. 65

101. 83

172. 56

iH 87354. 62

3d4 (a 3 D)4px 2 F° 3H 74114- 48 -321. 66 2H 87413. 27

2H 74436. 14 3H 87515. 10 4H 87687. 66

3d4 (a 3 D)4p w*F° ih 74273. 48 45. 38

104. 98

80. 67 2 H 74318. 86 3d OH 4 (a 5 D)4d e «F 87542. 12

52. 48

71. 40

92. 88

189. 82

52. 62

3H 74423. 84 D/2 87594. 60

4H 74504. 51 2H 87666. 00

3H 87758. 88

3d4 (a *I)4p

V

*1° 5H 74421. 76

2. 59 4H 87948. 70

6y 74424- 35 5H 88001. 32

3d4 (o *I)4p

x 2 H° 4H 74455. 90

251. 52 3d4 (a *D)4d e*G 2H 89056. 10

118. 00

151. 50

183. 03

5H 74707. 42 3H 89174. 10 3d4 (a 3 D)4p x 4 P° 2H 74484- 25 -233. 80

-202. 75

4H5H

89325. 60

89508. 63

1/2 74718. 05

3d4 (a OH 74920. 80 6 D)4d e OH 4 P 88426. 2

210. 5

286. 5 IH 88636. 7 3d4 (a *I)4p 2 2 K° 6H 74743. 33 215. 47 2H 88923. 2 7H 74958. 80

3d4 (a 5 D) 4d / 4 D OH 89269. 88

67. 82

137. 38

146. 17

3d4 (a 3 D)4p

y 2 P° OH 74854- 08

130. 85 IH 89337. 70

1H 74984 93 2H

3H

89475. 08

89621. 25

3d4 fa »G)4p

w 2 G° 3H 76716. 74 93. 36 4H 75810. 10 3d4 (a 6 D)4d e 4 F iH 90512. 50

78. 60

134. 40

125. 50

3d4 (a J G) 4p

w 3 F° 3H 76879. 03 - 108. 75 2H

3H

90591. 10

90725. 50

2H 76987. 78 4H 90851. 00

3d4 (a *G)4p ta 2 H° 5H 77078. 96 -191. 44 3d*(b 3 F)4p u 2 G° 3H 90986. 31

117. 05 4H 77270. 40 4H 91103. 36

3d4 (a »S)4p

x 2 P° iH 77713. 66 -63. 92 3d*(b 3 F)4p u 2 D° 2H 91426. 31 -130. 23 OH 77777. 58 IH 91556. 54

3d4 (a O) 4px 2 D° 2H 77935. 24 - 174. 40 3d4 (a 5 D)4d e «S 2H 91954. 78

IH 78109. 64

3d4 (a 3 G)5s / 4 G 2H

3d4 (a D)4pw 2 D° 134 80288. 25

132. 18 3H

2H 80420. 43 4H

5H

105365. 2

105421. 9

56. 7 3d4 (a >)4p v 2 F° 2H

3H

OH

81232. 91

81432. 36

82692. 26

199. 45

3d4 (a 6 D)5s e e D 71. 19

117. 85

159. 90

199. 00

Cr in (a S D0) Limit 133060 1 H2 2H

3H

4H

82763. 45

82881. 30

83041. 20

83240. 20

February 1951.

Obs. q
13

Cr ii Obsebved Teems*

Config.

2s2 2pe 3s2 3p*+ Observed Terms

3d5

r b «s o

4 P b4 D b4F a4 G

1/6 2 S a

2 D a

2 F a

2 G a 2 I

c

2 D c2F d2 G b2 H

3

d

3 4s

c

4 P

b

2 P e

2 D

c

4F

e

2 G

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

3d4 (a ®D) tlx {

a,e ®D

a,e 4 D

z«P°

z

4 P°

z

6D°

z

4 D°

z

8 F°

z

4F°

3d4 (a 3P)nx

{

b

4 P

a

2 P

z

4 S° y4 P°

z

2 S° z

2 P°

y

4D°

z

2 D°

3d4 (a 3H)nx

{ a

4H

a

2H

z

4 G°

z

2 G°

z

4H°

z

2H°

z

4 I°

z

2 I°

3d4 (a *F)nx

{ a

4 F

b

2F

x

4 D°

y

J D°

y

4 F°

z

2 F°

y

4 G°

y

2 G°

3d4 (a *G)nx

{

b,f*G

c

2 G

x

4F°

y

2 F°

x

4 G°

x

2 G°

y

4H°

y

2 H°

3d4 (a *D)nx

{

c

4 D

b

2 D

x

4 P°

2/ 2 P° w 4 D°

x

2 D° w 4 F°

x

2 F°

3d* (a *G)nx b

2 G w 2F° u? 2 G° to 2 H°

3d* (a 'Ytnx 6

2I x2H° y2 I° 22 K°

3d4 (a 1 S)nx a

2 S x2 P°

3d4 (a 1 D)nx c

2 D w 2 P° w 2 D° v2 F°

3d4 (o *F)nx d

2F v

2 D° u 2F° v2 G°

3d4 (6 3F)nx u 2 D° u 2 G°

nd (n>4)

3d4 (a 5 D)nx

|

e ®S e

6 P

e

4 P

/

6 D

/

4 D

e

6 F e0 G

e

4F e

4 G

*For predicted terms of the V i isoelectronic sequence, see Volume I, pp. xxxvni and xxxix.
14

Cr m

(Ti i sequence; 22 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p8 3d

1 6D0 a

6D0 249700 cm"1 I. P. 30.95 volts

The early work on Cr hi by White and by Bowen resulted in the classification of 1 12 lines

from 16 triplet and quintet terms. Bowen found strong intersystem combinations connecting

the two systems of terms.

Recently, F. L. Moore, Jr., has extended the observations and analysis, utilizing also

unpublished wavelengths by Kiess and Lang. He has observed more than 2300 lines between

712 A and 3924 A, of which approximately 750 Cr in lines are classified. About 60 terms are known, including eight singlets, also connected with the rest by observed intersystem combinations. The limit quoted here has been estimated by Catalan from a study of isoelectronic

data. From the ns 5’ 3F series (n=4, 5) Moore derives the value 253064. White estimated the

value of the limit as about 222000 cm-1. This spectrum is of considerable astrophysical interest. For this reason Moore has made

the present investigation and furnished his results especially for inclusion here. All of the

terms in the table have been taken from his manuscript.

REFERENCES

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 33, 914 (1929). (T) (C L)

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 53, 1153 (1937). (T) (C L)

F. L. Moore, Jr., unpublished material (May 1951). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1951). (I P)

Cr III Cr III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d4 a ®D 0

12

34

0. 0

59. 9

181. 9

355. 8

575. 0

59. 9

122. 0

173. 9

219. 2

3d4 a *P 0

12

16770. 9

17167. 4

17850. 0

396. 5

682. 6

3d

4 a *H 4

5

6

17272. 8

17395. 5

17528. 8

122. 7

133. 3

3d4 a *F 2 18451. 0

59. 0

71. 6

3 18510. 0

4 18581. 6 3d4 a *G 3

4

5

20702. 0

20851. 3 20994. 6

149. 3

143. 3

3d4 a *D 3 25725. 8 -55. 2 -67. 2 2 25781. 0

1 25848. 2 3d4 a iF 3 41052. 8

3d4 b *F 4 43286. 4 -35. 3

17. 6

3 43321. 7

2 43304. 1 3d4 b *P 0

12

48759. 7

48923. 3 49467. 5

163. 6

544. 2

3d3 (a 4 F)4s a

SF 12

34

5

49491. 0

49626. 8 49827. 7

50089. 2

50408. 2

135. 8

200. 9

261. 5

319. 0

3d4 6»G 4 51093. 1

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d3 (a 4 F)4s c»F 2 56650. 5

341. 7

429. 9 34

56992. 2 57422. 1 3d3 (a 4 P)4s a ®P 1 63038. 6

133. 6

248. 1 2

3 63172. 2 63420. 3 3d3 (a 2 G)4s b *G 3 65890. 9

136. 9

194. 9

4

5 66027. 866222. 7 3d3 (a 4 P)4s c»P 0

1266602. 2 67181. 7

579. 5

3d3 (a 2 G)4s c

! G 4 68575. 4

3d3 (a 2 P)4s d*P 0 69510. 6

270. 3

510. 9

12

69780. 9 70291. 8

3d3 (a 2 B)4s b *D 12

3

70980. 2 71166. 1 71321. 8

185. 9

155. 7

3d3 (a 2 H)4s a X H 5 71408. 2

3d3 (a 2 H)4s b *H 4 71676. 2

59. 8

132. 5

5

6 71736. 0

71868. 5 3d3 (a 2 F)4s d»F 2

3481664. 5

82255. 9

591. 4

3d3 (a 4 F)4p z ®G° 2 93765. 6

263. 6 345 5

3 91>029. 2

4 94374. 7 424 9

, 5

6 94799. 6 95304- 1 504. 5
Cr III

—Continued

15

Cr in

—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d3 (a 4 F)4p z 5 D° 0 0577S. ff Q 3d3 (a 2 H)4p

x 3 G° 5 120699. 7 -48. 1 -17. 5

28. 3

67. 2 1 5 237 4 4 120747. 8 234

96885. 9 96713. 1 97097. 1

327. 2

384. 0

3d? (a 2 F)4p

w 3 F° 32

120765. 3

128753. 9 3 128782. 2 3d3 (a 4 F)4p z 5F° 1 96778. 5 147 Q 4 128849. 4 23 96921. 4 97120. 8

198. 9

238. 4

259. 6

3d3 (a 2 F) 4p

w *G° 3 181118. 1 149. 2

181. 5 4 97358. 7 4 131267. 3 5 97618. 8 5 131448. 8 3d3 (a 4 F)4p z *D° 1 97076. 9

229. 2

376. 9

3d3 (a 2 F) 4pv 3 D° 1 23 97806. 1 97683. 0 23 138362. 47 138975. 5

613. 1

3d3 (a 4 F)4p z»G° 3 99840. 7

258. 8

321. 9 3d3 (6? 2 D)4p

v 3 F0 2 4 100099. 5 3 150972. 5 5 100421. 4 4

3d*(o 4 F)4p z 3 F° 234

101443. 7 101745. 3

102099. 6

301. 6

354. 3

3d3 (a 4 F)4d e 5 H 3456

152927. 3

153099. 1 153314. 6 153571. 7

171. 8

215. 5

257. 1 300. 0 3d?(a 4 P)4p zspo 1 108248. 3

210. 9

334. 1 7 153871. 7 2 108459. 2 3d3 (a 4 F) 4d e 5F 1 153729. 8

163. 7

192. 2

371. 4

392. 5 3 108793. 8 2 153893. 5 3 154085. 7 3d3 (a 4 P)4p y 5 D° 0 109145. 9

91. 5

196. 8

287. 2

432. 6 4 154457. 1 1 109237. 4 5 154849. 6 234

109434- 2

109721. 4

110154. 0

3d3 (a 4 F)4d e 5 G 234 3<P(a>G)4p z 3 H° 45 109583. 5

109943. 9

410. 4

561. 1 56 154854. 6 6 110505. 0 3d? (a 4 F)4d e 5 D 01 3d 2 3 (a 4 P?)4p z 3P° 012 109569. 7 O4 155064. 0

3d3 (a 2 G)4p

y 3 G° 345

111875. 0

111643. 8

111854. 0

268. 3

210. 7

3d? (a 4 F) 5s / 5F 1234

157303. 2

157435. 1 157637. 3 157908. 0

131. 9

202. 2

270. 7

333. 8 3d3 (a 2 G)4p y 3 F° 4 112371. 2 -95. 0

67. 7 5 158241. 8 3 112466. 2 3d3 (a 4 F)4d e 3 H 4 2 112898. 5 56 157668. 9 3d3 (a 4 P)4p z 5S° 2 113355. 7 3d3 (a 4 F)4d e 3 G 3 158066. 7

376. 2 3d3 (a 2 G)4p z'G° 4 H4354. 9 45

158442. 9 3d3 (a 4 P)4p y 3 D° 123

114715. 9

115181. 8

115552. 7

465. 9

370. 9 3d3 (a 4 F)5s / 3 F 234

159031. 8

159375. 6 159803. 3

343. 8

427. 7 3d3 (a 2 H)4p y 3 H° 456

115570. 2

115668. 9

115843. 5

98. 7

174. 6 3d3 (a 4 F)4d e 3 F 234

158328. 3

158463. 6

158623. 7

135. 3

160. 1 3d?(a 2 D)4p x 3 F° 234

116891. 6 116582. 1 116967. 0

140. 5

434. 9 3d3 (a 2 G)4d / 3 H 456 168582. 3 3d3 (a 2 H)4p ^G0 4 117099. 8 3d?(a 2 H)4p Z 3 I° 5 117145. 2

342. 3

434. 8

3d3 (a 2 H)4d <7 3 H 4 6 117487. 5 5 173565. 9

360. 7 7 117922. 3 6 173926. 6 3d3 (a 2 G)4p z >H° 5 117186. 9 3d3 (a 2 H)4d / 3 1 5 173200. 5 462 3 3d3 (o 2 D)4p w 3 D° 12 118055. 2

118423. 3

368. 1 174. 9 67

173662. 8

173876. 3

213. 5 3 118598. 2

3d*(a 2 H)4p

y 1 H° 5 119039. 9 Cr iv (a 4 Fi^) Limit 249700

May 1951.
16

Cr iii Observed Terms*

Config.

1«* 2s* 2p« 3s3 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d* Ja*P

j 6 *P

a 5 D

a *D a *F

b *F

a *F

a *G

b

l G

a *H

ns (n>4) np (n>4) nd (n>4)

3d* (a 4F) nx

a,/ 8F

c,/*F

z *D° z

8F°

z *D° z *F°

z

5 G°

z *G°

e

8D e

8F e

5 G

e

3 F e

3 G

e

6H

e

3 H

3d* (a *~P)nx fa *P

\c *P

z *S° z «P° Z*P°

y

8 D°

y *D°

3d* (a 3 P)nx d*P

3d*(a *G)nx

{

b

3 G

c *G

y 3F

0 y *G°

z »G°

z*H°

z

1 H°

/•H

3d* (a 3 D)nx b

3 D w *D° X *F°

3d* (a 3B)nx

{

6 *H

o»H

x *G°

y »G°

y *H° z *1° ym° g *H /*!

3d*(a *F)nx d*F t» *D° w *F° w*G°

3d*(6? 2 D)nx v

3 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ti i isoelectronic sequence, see Volume i, p. xxxvii.

Cr IV

(Sc i sequence; 21 electrons) Z—24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d3 4F1H

a

4Fi^ 400000? cm-1

I. P. 49.6 volts

The analysis was begun by White in 1929 and carried further by Bowen in 1937. It has

recently been revised and extended by F. L. Moore, Jr., especially for inclusion here. The

new observations extend from 500 A to 2050 A. At present Moore has more than 200

classified lines. The doublet and quartet terms are connected by observed intersystem

combinations.

Moore’s provisional value of the limit, derived from the ns 4,2F series (n=4,5), is quoted above.

The prefix “a” has here been ascribed by the writer to the limit terms 4 G and *S, although

these terms have not yet been observed in Cr v. REFERENCES

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 33, 672 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 52, 1153 (1937). (T) (C L)

F. L. Moore, Jr., unpublished material (May 1951). (I P) (T) (C L)
17

Criv Cr iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a 4 F 1H 0 244 3d2 (a 3 P)4p

y 4 D° oy2 2/2 244 317 1 X 173674 429

751 3H 561 395 2y 174103

4}4 956 3H 174854

3d* a 4 P oy2 14072 143 3d2 (a 3 D)4p

y 2 F° 2y2 IX2H

14215

14481 266 334 175166

3d* (a *G)4p y*G° 3/2 177926 110 3d* a*P i}4 14185 -132 4/2 178036

0}4 14317

3d* (a J S)4p X 2 P° 0y2 182029

85 3d* a 2 G 3^4 15064 350 IX 182114

4H 15414

3d* (a »G)4p z 2H° 4x 182391

62 3d* a *D 1}4

2}4

20218

20667 449 5y2 183453

3d2 (a »G)4p

x 2 F° 2y2 3d* a *H 4K

5}4

21078

21328 250 3y2 184868

3d* (a 3 F)4d e 4 G 2y2 232573 332

339

411

3d* a 2F 3J4 2>4 36490

37062 -572 3y2 4>4 5y2

232905

233244

233655

3d* (a 3F)4s b*F 1H 104003 262

372

476

2/2 104265 3d2 (a 3 F)4d e *G 3h 232889 632 3}4

4>4 104637

105113

434 233521

3d2 (a 3 F)4d e 4H 3y2 233365 353

390

400

3d* (a *F)4s 6 2 F 2*4 109950 750 4/2 233718

3H 110700 534 634 234108

234508

3d* (a J G)4s b*G 127202 -16 3Y2 127218 3d2 (a 3 F)4d e 2 F 234

334 233446

233647 201

3d2 (a 3 F)4p z 4 G° 2}4 157369 573

696

820

3V2 157942 3d2 (a 3 F)4d e 4 F 134 4V2 158638 234

5)4 159458 334 434 234094

3d* (a *F)4p z 4 F° IX 158536 365

459

512

2V2 158901 3d2 (a 3 F) 5s / 4 F? 134 252073 239

371 3/2 159360 234 252312 4y2 159872 334 252683

434 3d* (a 3 F)4p z*F° 2% 160313 633

3/2 160946 3d* {a 3 F)5s / 2 F? 234 253426 553

334 253979

3d2 (a 3 F)4p z 4 D° oy2 160512 487

507

566 1 >4 160999 3d2 (a »G)4d e 2 H 434 258397 1409

2}4

3J4 161506

162072

534 259806

3d2 (a »G)4d / 2 G 334 3d2 (a 3 F)4p z 2 D° 1*4 2/4 161765

162310 545 434 259504

3d2 (a 3 F)4/ y'G° 534 300340

3d2 (a 3 F)4p z 2 G° 3}4 164920 520 334

4}4 165440 334

234 300366

3d2 (a 3 D)4p 2/ 3D° 2H

1J4

1J4 2y2

169260

169849 -589

3d2 (a 3 P)4p z J D° Cr

v (3 F2) Limit 400000? 174978

May 1951.
18

Cr iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s* 3p®+

Observed Terms

3d3 / a

4 P a

4 F

1 « 2 P a

2 D aZ F a2 G a

2 H

ns (n>4) np (n>4) nd (n> 4) nf (n>4)

3d2 (a 3 F)nx / *>, f <F

t b,f 2 1 z<D° z‘F° z

4 G°

2 2D° z

2 F° z2 G<

e *F e

4 G e *H

e *F e

2 G

y*G°?

3d?(a l ~D)nx y

2 D° y

2 F°

3d2 (a *P)nx

{ x

2 D°

3d2 (a 1 G)nx b

2 G x *F° y2 G° z2 H° /2 G e

2 H

3d2 (a x

2 P°

For predicted term's in the spectra of the Sc i isoelectronic sequence, see Volume i, p. xxxvi.

Cr v

(Ca i sequence; 20 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d2 3F3

a

3F2 589700 cm-1

I. P. 73 volts

This spectrum is incompletely analyzed. In 1929 White published 55 classified lines in

the region between 433 A and 1820 A. Cady has also made some observations and revised

White’s intersystem combinations and singlet terms. Edl6n, who obtained Cady’s unpublished

material from Bowen, has furnished this material, together with additional revisions. One

term ^So) has been rejected, and three (

a

‘G, b

XD, and z1 F°) are not connected with the

rest, as indicated by x in the table. Edlen’s estimated value of a *G is entered in brackets.

The observed tabular values are from Cady’s list for terms having configurations 3d2 and

3cf(2D) 4p. The remaining term values have been adjusted to these by means of the combinations observed by White. The small numerical differences in the two lists of triplet terms are due only to discrepancies in the measured wavelengths used for each, and not to differences in

interpretation.

White’s estimated ionization potential, based on extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence

data, has been used to derive the limit entered in brackets in the table.

REFERENCES

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 33, 538 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. M. Cady, unpublished material (1939?). (T) (C L)

B. Edl6n, unpublished material (1949). (T)
19

Cr v Cr V

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d3 a

3 F 2 0 513 3d(2 D)4p z

3 F° 2 229556 772

1080 3

4 513

1146 633 3

4 230328

231408

3d3 a 2 13200 3d(2 D)4p 2

3 P° 0 234680 -55

232 1 234625

3d2 a

3 P 0 15500 184

368

2 234857

12 15684

16052 3d(2 D)4p 2 IF 0 3 287568 +x

3d3 a 1 G 4 [22060]+ a; 3d(2 D)4p 2*P° 1 239939

3d(2 D)4s a *D 1 167184 313

602

3d(2 D)4d e

3 G 3 319451 360

595 2 167497 4 319811

3 168099 5 320406

3d(2 D)4s

3d(2 D)4p

3d(2 D) 4p

b'D 2 171736+a:

z'T>° 2 226130 Cr vi (

2 D1H) Limit [589700]

z

3 D° 1 228006 491

2 2284-97 630

3 229127

March 1949.

Cr v Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d2 fa*P a

3F

\ a

! D a 1 G

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4) nd (n> 4)

3d(2 D)nx / a *D

\ b'D

O

O

o

o OQ OO

M

H e *G

*Ap array of predicted terms in the spectra of the Cai isoelectronic sequence is given in Vol. i, p. xxxv. Owing to the change in binding energies of the 3d and 4s electrons along this sequence the arrangement of the arrays of observed and predicted terms is not identical. In Cr v the prefixes

a, b . . . e, z replace those indicating the running electron.
20

Cr VI

(K i sequence; 19 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s

2 3p6 3d 2Di^

3d 2D1Va 730900 cm"1 I. P. 90.6 volts

The analysis is very incomplete. Six lines have been classified, in the range between 209A

and 1455 A. The terms have been calculated chiefly from the data by Gibbs and White.

The limit is from an estimate by Kruger and Weissberg, based on isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 12, 676 (1926). (C L) R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 33, 162 (1929). (C L)

P. G. Kruger and S. G. Weissberg, Phys. Rev. 52, 316 (1937). (I P) (C L)

Cr VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p6 0S)3d 3d 2 D 1/2 0 957 2/ 957

3p6

(

1 S)4s 4s 2 S 0/ 227775

3p6 (

1 S)4p 4p2 P° OH 296^89 1822 1/ 298811

3p8 (

1 S)4/ 4/ 2 F°

\3h; 476255

Cr vii pS0) Limit [730900]

May 1948.
Cr VII

21

(A i sequence; 18 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p0 3s2 3p

6

3p* 'So 1299700 cm-1

I. P. 161.1 volts

Four lines are classified in the region between 104 A and 148 A, as combinations with the

ground term. The values listed in the table have been rounded off in the last places.

For convenience, the Pascben notation has been added by the writer in column one under

the heading “Ai”. As for Ai, the ^-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah

is here introduced, although .LS-designations as indicated in column two under the beading

“Authors” are perhaps preferable for the terms thus far identified.

REFERENCES

P. G. Kruger and S. G. Weissberg, Phys. Rev. 48, 659 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger, S. G. Weissberg and L. W. Phillips, Phys. Rev. 51, 1090, (1937). (I P) (T) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).

Cr VII

A i Authors Config. Desig. J Level

lpo 3p«iS 3p" 3p6 »S 0 0

3p5

(

2 Pfo) 4s 4s [1 y2]° 2

1S 4 3p5 4s 3 P° 1 672880

3p5

(

2 P&)4s 4s' [o y2]° 0

ls2 3p5 4s J P

0 1 682440

3p8

(

2 PfH)5s 5s [iy2]° 2 2s< 3p*5s 3 P° 1 951110

3p5

(2 P&)5s 5s' [0H1° 0

2s2 3p8 5s J P° 1 960340

Cr viii (

2 Pfo) Limit 1299700

Cr viii (

2 P&) Limit --- 1309640

May 1948.
22

Cr Yin

(Cl i sequence; 17 electrons) Z—24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

5 2Pfo

3p

5 2Pfo 1491000 cm-1

I. P. 185 volts

All of the terms except 3p

6 2S are from the paper by Edlen. Twelve lines in the region

between 124 A and 430 A have been classified as combinations from the ground term. Edlen has

estimated the value of the limit by extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence, as indicated

by brackets in the table.

His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

S. G. Weissberg and P. G. Kruger, Phys. Rev. 49, 872 (A) (1936). (C L)

B. Edl6n, Zeit Phys. 104, 407 (1937).

” (I P) (T) (C L)

Cr viii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s1 3p

5 3p5 2 P° 1/4 0 -9900

oy 9900

3s 3

p

9 3p6 2 S o y 242131

3s2 3p4

(3 P)4s 4s 4 P 2X 735880 -5180

1/4 741060

oy2 3s2 3p4 (*P) 4s 4s 2 P i y 749650 -6090

oy 755740

3s2 3p4 0D)4s 4s' 2 D 2H 769240 -320

l H 769560

3s2 3p4 0S)4s 4s" 2 S oy 805260

Cr ix (*P2) Limit [1491000]

January 1948. Cr IX

(S i sequence; 16 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

4 3 P2

3p

K 3 P2 1691000 cm-1

I. P. 209.6 volts

Edl6n has classified 11 lines in the interval between 117 A and 123 A, and extrapolated

the value of the limit from isoelectronic sequence data.

The singlet and triplet terms are not connected by observed intersystem combinations.

By analogy with Fexi, Edlen has revised the interpolated values of the singlet terms for

inclusion here, and the uncertainty, x, is probably not large.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit, Phys. 104, 188 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

B. Edldn, letter (January 1950). (T)
Cr IX

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s* 3p* 3p4 *P 2

10

0

7860

9600

-7860

-1740

3s* 3

p

4 3p4 »D 2 30270 +x

3s* 3

p

4 3

p

4 >S 0 66940+3

3s* 3p* (

4 S°)4s 4s *S° 1 821150

3s* 3

p

3 (*D°)4s 4s' *D° 1 8^5930 350

1590 2 846280

3 847870

3s* 3p* (*D°)4s 4s' <D° 2 854720+x

3s* 3p3 (*P°)4s 4s" »P° 1 881800+x

Cr x (

4 S|m) Limit [1691000]

January 1950.

Cr XII

(A1 1 sequence; 13 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p* 3s2 Sp 2P§W

3p

2Pqh cm-1

I. P.

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has classified 2 lines as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

75. 815

76. 488

2

3 1319000

1307400 } 3p*P° — 4d»D

His unit, 103 cm-1

, is here changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 540 (1936). (C L)

Z=24

volts

December 1947.
24

Cr XIII

(Mg i sequence; 12 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 1S0

3s2 'So 2862000 cm"1 I. P. 355 volts

Edlen has classified 14 lines in the region between 53 A and 91 A. No intersystem combinations have been observed and the triplet terms are not all connected by observed combinations. He has determined the relative positions of the various groups of terms and also the

ionization potential by extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence. His estimated value

of the limit is entered in brackets in the table. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 536 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Cr xra Cr xiii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3sJ 3s2 *S 0 0 3s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3 F° 2

q 3s(*S)3p 3p *P° 0 203080 +3 3930

9190

4 1682940 +3

1 206960

2 216150 +x 3s (2S) bd 5d

J D 19

3s(*S) 3d 3d *D 1o

3 2076100+3

3 594270+3 3s(2 S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 2

q

3s(*S)4s

3s(s S)4p

4s *S 4p ip°1 1384840 +x

1492920

4 2110160+x

1 3s(*S)4d Ad *D 1 1615620+3 400

730

Cr xiv (2S«) Limit [2862000] 2 1616020+3

3 1616750+3

August 1947.
Cr XIV

25

(Na i sequence; 11 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p* 3s 2S^

3s 2Sh 3099630 cm"1 I. P. 384.20 volts

Edlen classified 16 lines in the interval 46 A to 86 A and extrapolated the absolute value

of the ground term from isoelectronic sequence data. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed

to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 100, 621 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Cr XIV Cr XIV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s 3s 2 S 0/2 0 5p 5p 2 P° 0y

1 X

2149290

2152020 2730

3P 3p

2 P° oy2 242400 13920

1 % 256320 5d 5d 2 D 1 X

2y

2210440

2210900 460

3d 3d 2 D 1 X 588910 1710

2/2 590620 5/ 5/ 2 F° 2y

3y2 2236380

2236550 170

4s 4s 2 S 0/2 1478250

6f 6/ 2 F° 2H

4p 4p 2 P° oy2 15741 80 5370 3y2 2500370

iy2 1579550

4d 4d »D iy2 1700870 890

2x 1701760 Cr xv OSo) Limit [3099630]

4/ 4/ 3 F° 2x 1750930 290

sy 1751220

June 1947.

Cr XV

(Ne i sequence; 10 electrons) Z=24

Ground state Is2 2s2 2^6 J S0

2p« ‘S# 8172300 cm"1 I. P. 1013.0 volts

Nine lines have been classified by Tyren in the interval between 15 A and 21 A, as combinations with the ground term. His absolute term values have been derived by extrapolation along

the Ne i isoelectronic sequence.

By analogy with Ne i the jZ-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah is introduced.

The unit adopted by Tyr6n, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

F. Tyr6n, Zeit. Phys. Ill, 314 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).
26

Cr XV Cr XV

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J

... 1 Level

2p

iS 2p® 2p® J S 0 0 2p®(2 S)3p 3p *P° 2

3p' *P, 1n 5894600

2p®(2 P!*)3s 3s [iy2]° 2

3s *P, 1 4727500 3p' *Pi 2p«(2S)3p 0 Ph R. eo 1 5921000

2p*(2 PSH)3s 3s' mr 0

3s »Pi 1 4793200 4d »Px 2p®(2 PiH)4d 4d [1 y2]° 1 6576000

4d 3 Di 2p8

(

2 P5H)4d 4d' [1 y2]° 1 6641000

2p«(2 PfH)3d 3d [0H}° 0

3d »?! 1 5259000

3d iP x W 3d [i y2]° 1 5324200

Cr xvi (2 Pfo) Limit [8172300]

3d *Dx 2p®(2 PS*)3d 3d' [1H]° 1 5406300

Cr xvi (

2 Pqh) Limit — 8242400

April 1947.

Cr xv Observed Levels*

Config.

ls2 +

Observed Terms

2s3 2p« 2p® »S

ns (n> 3) np (n> 3) nd (n> 3)

2s2 2p*(2 P°)nx r 3s »p°

\ 3s ‘P0 3d *P° 3, 4d *D°

3, 4d »P°

2s 2p®(2S)na; {

coco 0

0

jl—Coupling Notation

Config.

1&+ Observed Pairs

ns (n> 3) nd (n> 3)

2s2 2p5 (

2Pfo)nx 3s [1K]° 3d [0H1°

3, 4d [1H]°

2s2 2p®(2 P8H)rcr' 3s'[0Hl° 3, 4d'[lH]°

For predicted levels in the spectra of the Ne i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. tttt
27

MANGANESE

Mnl

25 electrons Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2jp

6 3s2 3p

6 3d

5 4s2 6S2^

a

6S2H 59960 cm 1 I. P. 7.432 volts

Manganese occupies one of the most important places in the development of spectrum

analysis. It was in the spectra of this element that M. A. Catalan first discovered multiplets.

This led directly to further analysis of complex spectra, and culminated in the development

of the Hund theory, which is beautifully confirmed in detail by observation.

During his recent visit to the United States, Catalan extended his early work on Mn i as well

as that of Back, Meggers, Russell, Dunham, and others, to include more than 1500 classified

lines and over 400 multiplets. The observations of the spectrum now cover the region from

600 A to 17607 A. The present term list has been furnished by him in advance of publication

especially for inclusion here. Some terms and configurations have been contributed by Olga

Garcfa-Riquelme in connection with her doctoral thesis prepared under the direction of Catalan.

The terms of all four multiplicities are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

A detailed discussion of asymmetrical Zeeman patterns of Mn i is given in the references.

For example, Catalan lists two g values, 1.068 and 1.003, for the level 2

6F^, and two (1.068

and 0.906) for y

6F^, one for each of the magnetic levels. Only one entry for each of these

levels is included in the table.

REFERENCES

M. A. Catalan, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 223, 127 (1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1 64, (1950). (Summary hfs) M. A. Catalan and R. Velasco, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 653 (1950). (Z E)

M. A. Catalan, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 502, RP2278 (1951). (Z E)

M. A. Catalan and Olga Garcia-Riquelme, unpublished material (November 1951). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

Mn I Mn I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d5 4s2 a ®S 2/2 0. 00 1. 999 3d* 4s3 a

4 P 2K 27201. 54 -46. 46

-33. 85

1. 597

1/2 27248. 00 1. 730

3d6 (a 5 D)4s a

6 D 4K 17052. 29 -229. 71 - 169. 52

-116. 96

-68. 67

1. 559 OK 27281. 85 2. 666

3)2

2H

1 K

17282. 00

17451. 52

17568. 48

1. 584

1. 657

1. 866

3d* 4sa b

4 D 3K

2K

30354. 21 30419. 61 -65. 40

-6. 10

13. 97

1. 423

ok 17637. 15 3. 327 1/2 30425. 71 OK 30411. 74

3d5 4s (a 7 S) 4p 2

8P° 2k 18402. 46 129. 18

2. 284

3d* 4s (a ®S)4p z

4 P° 2K 31001. 15 3 k 18531. 64 1. 938 7\ 0.7 1. 600

4K 18705. 37 173. 73

1. 779 31076. 42 -48. 53 1. 732

OK 31 124. 95

3d6 (a 5 D)4s a

4 D 3k

2/2

1

OK

23296. 67

23549. 20

23719. 52

23818. 87

-252. 53

-170. 32

-99. 35

1. 427

1. 368

1. 198

0. 000

3d* (a *P)4s 6

4 P 2K

IK

0K

33825. 49

34463. 37

34845. 26

-637. 88

-381. 89

1. 604

3d5 4s (a 7S) 4p 2 ®P° 1 K

3d® (a 3 H)4s a 4 H 6K 34138. 88 -111. 64 1. 231

24779. 32 S 73 2. 364 5K 34250. 52 1. 135

2K 24788. 05

14. 20

1. 714

4K 34343. 90 —93. 38

0. 971

3K 24802. 25 3K 34423. 27 — 79. 37

0. 665

3d® 4«s a

4 G 5K 25265. 74 -19. 69

-2. 31

6. 70

1. 270 3d* (a *F)4s a

4 F 4K 34938. 70 -102. 67

-73. 61

-50. 07

1. 328

4K

3K

25285. 43

25287. 74 3K

2K

35041. 37

35114. 98

1. 238

2K 25281. 04 IK 35165. 05
28

Mn I—Continued Mn I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d® 4s (a ®S)4p

y 8 P° IX S7 2. 400 3d5 4s (a 6 G)4p

y 8F° 5/2 48021. 48 - 146. 58

-57. 98

-44. 92

-30. 07

-17. 14

1. 460 2X 35725. 55

44. 12

1. 886 4X 48168. 01 1. 432

3/4 55755. 57 1. 712 3H 48225. 99 1. 403

2H 48270. 91 1. 319

3d8 (a 3 G)4s

b 4 G 5% 37420. 24 -210. 58 - 106. 40

-52. 71

1. 263 \X 48300. 98 1. 068

4K 37630. 82 1. 163 ox 48318. 12 -0. 496

3K

2/2 37737. 22

37789. 93

0. 989

3d® 4s (0 6S) 5s / 8S 2X 49415. 35

3d8 (a 3 H)4s a J H 5X

4X

38008. 70

38120. 18

— 111. 48

3d® 4s (a ®S)5s e 4 S ix 49591. 51

3d® 4s (a «P)4pv 8 P° 3X 49888. 08 -124 45

-86. 63

1. 711

3d8 (o 3F)4s a 3F 3X 38669. 60 2X 50012. 53 1. 888

2>4 IX 50099. 16 2. 398

3d5 4s (a 7 S)5s c 8S 3/4 39431. 31 2. 000 3d® 4s (a ®G)4p 2 4 H° 3X 50065. 46

7. 13

8. 72

13. 29

4X 50072. 59

3d5 4s (o 7S)5s e 8 S 2X 41403. 93 5X 50081. 31 6X 50094- 60

3d6 (a ®D)4p 2 8 D° 4)4 41789. 48 -143. 16 -121. 09

-89. 84

-54. 99

1. 556

3d® 4s (a 7 3H 41932. 64 1. 587 S)6s / ®S 3X 50157. 63 1. 995

2X 42053. 73 1. 653

IK 42143. 57 1. 867 3d® 4s (a ®G)4p

y 4 F° 4X 50341. SO - 17. 98 - 13. 95 - 10. 04

oy2 42198. 56 3. 317 3X 50359. 28

3d8 (a 8 D)4p 2 ®F° 5X 43314. 23 114 35

1. 464

2X

IX

50373. 23

50383. 27

43428. 58 -95. 50

-71. 42

-48. 95

-28. 51

1. 431 3 % 43524. 08 1. 395 3d® 4s (6 ®D)4p

x 9F° OX 50818. 64

44. 41

68. 37

83. 53

85. 54

68. 69

2/2 43595. 50 1. 310 ix 50863. 05 I /2 43644. 45 1. 068 2X 50931. 42

Otf 43672. 96 -0. 602 3X 51014- 95

4X 51100. 49

3d8 (a 8D)4p 2 4 F° 4tf 44288. 76 234 69

1. 317 5X 51169. 18

3H 44523. 45 -172. 84

-118. 44

1. 240

2H 44696. 29 1. 030 3d® 4s (a 2X 7S)6s g ®S 50904. 68

1/4 44814. 73 0. 400

3d® 4s(a ®P)4p X 4P° 2X2 51305. 41 -140. 24

-107. 13

1. 591

3d7 c 4F 1)4 44978. 98

34. 57

47. 26

69. 35

ix 51445. 65 1. 728

2)4 45013. 55 ox 51552. 78 2. 664

3H

4)4 45060. 81 45130. 16 3d® 4s (a ®G)4p 2 4 G° 2X2 51515. 63

14. 98

15. 66

14. 66

3/2 51530. 61 3d6 (a 8 D)4p x 8P° 3)4 44993. 92 162 19

1. 717 4X 51546. 27

2)4 45156. 11 -103. 06 1. 885 5X 51560. 93 1. 273

1H 45259. 17 2. 399

3d7 c 4P 2X 51638. 17 -80. 05

-69. 70 3d6 (o ®D)4p 2 4 D° 3)4 45754. 27 186 66 1. 427 iX 51718. 22

2)4 45940. 93 142 96 1. 372 OX 51787. 92

1)4 46083. 89 -86. 04 1. 200

0)4 46169. 93 0. 000 3d® 4s (b ®D)4p u ®P° IX 52015. 00

113. 65

124. 59 3d5 4s (a 7 S)5p y 8 P° 2)4 45981. 40 20 52 2X2 3X

52128. 65

52253. 24

3)4

4)4 46001. 92

46028. 87 26. 95 3d® 4s (a 7S)5d / 8 D ix 1 2X2 52702

3d5 4s (a 7 S)4d e 8D 1)4 46706. 09

0. 94

1. 30

1. 82

2. 43

3X J 1 2)4 46707. 03 4/2 52703

3)4 46708. 33 5/2 52705 z

4)4

5)4 46710. 15

46712. 58 3d® 4s (a 7 S)5d / ®D 4X 52726. 39 -4 02

y 4 P° 3X 52730. 41 3d8 (a 5 D)4p 2)4 46901. IS — 253 38 1. 595 2X2 52733. 22 —2. 81 -1. 79 1)4 47154. 51 - 144. 78 1. 732 l'X 52735. 01

0)4 47299. 29 2. 666 ox 52735. 83

—0. 82

3d5 4s (a 7 S)4d e ®D 4)4 3)4 2/2 1)4 0)4

47207. 28

47212. 06

47215. 61

47218. 15

47219. 64

-4. 78

-3. 55

-2. 54

-1. 49

3d® 4s (6 ®D)4p

x «D° 4X

3X2X2 ixox

52758. 11 52870. 10

52883. 87

52883. 87

52883. 10

-111. 99

-13. 77

0. 00

0. 77

1. 552

3d5 4s (a 7 S)5p

w 8 P° 3)4

2)4 47387. 62

47659. 52 -271. 90

-122. 91

1. 713

1. 952 3d® 4s (a 7S)4f 2 8 F° ox 1 lfc 47782. 48 2. 336 to 6X2 \52977. 96

3d5 4s (a 5 P)4p

y 6D° 0)4 47452. 16 14 50

287. 33

20. 53

129. 28

3. 174

1)4 47466. 66 3d® 4s(a ®P)4p

y 4 D° OX 53101. 32

1. 87

6. 02

14 88

2)4 47753. 99 1.820 ix 53103. 19

3)4 47774. 52 1.594 2X 53109. 21

4)4 47903. 80 1. 540 3X 53124- 09 1. 423
29

Mn I—Continued Mn I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d5 4s (a 7 S)6p t 6P° 3K

2/2 1 K

58261. 42

53291. 58

53311. 37

-30. 16 -19. 79

3d5 4s (a 7 S) 7s 9 8 S 3K 54180

3d5 4s (a 5 P)4p z 4 S° 1 K 54218. 71 3d5 4s (a 7 S)7s h 6 S 2K 54460. 30

3d5 4s (a 5 S)4d g «D 4K

3H

2H

1/2 0/2

54938. 71

54945. 28

54950. 66

54953. 02

54949. 90

-6. 57

-5. 38

-2. 36

3. 12 2 4 D° 3/2

2/2

1/2 ok

55107. 52

55186. 17

55279. 91

-78. 65

-93. 74

1. 407

1. 365

0. 826

3d5 4s (6 5 D)4pw 4 P° 2/2

1/2 034

55405- 14

55368. 66

55457. 20

36. 48

-88. 54

3d5 4s (a 7S)6d g 8 D 1/2 2K3K

4/2 5H

55374

55375

55376 11

3d5 4s (a 7S)5/

y 8F° 0>'2 to

6^4 J 55499. 08

3d5 4s (a 7S)6dh 6 D 434 3K2H

1/2 OH

55681. 9

55688. 1 55690. 8

55691. 9 55692. 4

-6. 2 -2. 7 -1.1

-0. 5

1° 2H 55923. 81 3d5 4s (a 5 S)5p s 6P° IK

234

334

55996. 62

56007. 91 56012. 42

11. 29

4. 51

3d5 4s (a 7 S)8sh 8S 3/2 56144. 16 3d8 (a 5 D)5s i ®D 4H

334 2H

1H

034

56189. 45

56356. 21

56490. 79

56567. 93

56666. 06

-166. 76 -134. 58

-77. 14 -98. 13 e 4 D 3H

2H

134 034

56462. 08

56561. 95

56601. 63

56646. 9 ?

-99. 87

-39. 68

-45. 3

3d5 4s (a 7 S)7d

h 8D 1/2 to

534

j-56801. 4

3d5 4s (a 7S)6/x 8F° 034 to

632 ^56863

3d5 4p2 6 8P 234

334 434

57086. 33

57218. 15

57388. 90

131. 82

170. 75

3d5 4s (6 3 P)4p

U 4 P° 034

134 234

57228. 80

57360. 78

57487. 08

132. 48

126. 30 1. 736

3d8 (a sD)5s / 4 D 334

234

134 034

57305. 62

57485. 97

57621. 90

57705. 83

-180. 35

-135. 93

-83. 93

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d5 4s (6 3 P) 4p

y 4 S° IK 57512. 16 2. 000

3d5 4s (a 7S)8d i 8D IK

to5K J57651. 93

3d5 4s (a 7S)7/

w 8F° ok

to6K J 57695. 3

3d6 (a 3 H)4p

y 4 G° 5K

4K

3H

2K

58075. 06

58110. 24

58136. 69

58159. 73

-35. 18 -26. 45

-23. 04

1. 269

1. 168

0. 980

0. 578

3d5 4s (a 7S)9d j 8D IK

to5K J58199. 7

3d8 (a 3 H)4p

y 4 H° 6K

5K

4K

3K

58338. 67

58427. 30

58485.52

58519. 90

-88. 63

-58. 22

-34. 38

1. 228

1. 133

0. 968

0. 665

3d8 (a 3 H)4p 2 4I° 7K

6K

5K

4K

58852. 60

58843. 89

58851. 49

58866. 66

9. 21 -8. 10 -15. 17

3d8 (a 3 P)4p 1 4 P° 2K

IK

OK

59116. 60

59884- 45

59568. 29

-267. 85

-183. 84

3d8 (a 3 F)4p uj 4 F0 4K

3K

2K

IK

59257. 44

59290. 23

59360. 72 5941 6. 15

-32. 79

-70. 49

-55. 43

1. 327

3d8 (a 3 P)4pv 4 D° 3K

2K

IK

OK

59339. 49

59600. 35

59989. 77

601 41- 98

-260. 86

-389. 42 -152. 21

3d8 (a 3 F)4p u 4 D° 3K

2K

IK

0K

59470. 14

59480. 80

59527. 89

59527. 36 - 10. 66 -47. 09

0. 53

3d8 (a 3 H)4p z 3 I° 6K

5H

59617. 12

59827. 88 -210. 76

3d8 (a 3 F)4px 4 G° 5K

4K

3K

2K

59652. 90

59731. 94

59784- 31 59817. 70

-79. 04

-52. 37

-33. 39

Mn 11 (7S3) 3d8 (a 3 P)4pLimit 59960 x 4 S° IK 60126. 81 3d8 (a 3 F)4p 2 2 G° 4K

3K

60668. 49

60739. 42

-70. 93

3d5 4s(3 I)4px 4H° 6K

5K

4K

3K

60891. 48

60933. 73

60955. 88

60957. 21

-42. 25

-22. 15 -1. 33

1. 228

1. 134

y 2 G° 3K

4K

60902. 80

60938. 97 36. 17

3d5 4s(3 I)4p

y 4I° 7K

6K5K

4K

61204- 54

61225. 55

61225. 77

61211. 43

-21. 01 -0. 22

14. 34

w 4 G° 5K

4K

3K

2K

61469. 21

61485. 34

61480. 60

61471. 23

-16. 13

4. 74

9. 37
30

Mn I—Continued Mn I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3

d

6 (o 5D)4

d

e

6 F 5 /2 4/

3/2 2/2

1/2 0/2

61713. 62

62030. 18

62294. 66

-316. 56

-264. 48

2

° 3/2 61710. 98

3° 4/2 61711 52

4° 5/2 61744• 04

5° 3/ 61785. 94

3d6 (a 5D)4d e

6 G 6/

5/

4/

3/

2/

1/2

62001. 09

62134. 45

62300. 63

62426. 48

62514. 59

62573. 11

-133. 36

-166. 18 - 125. 85 -88. 11 -58. 52

x

2 F° 3/

2 /

62034- 04

62075. 02 -40. 98

6

° 4/ 62345. 73

3d6 (a 3 G) 4p v

4 F° i/

2 /

3/

4/

62390. 20

62487. 36

62505. 29

62392. 82

97. 16

17. 93 - 112. 47

1. 329

3d5 4s (a 5F)4p w «D° 4/2 3/

2 /

I /2 O/2

62670. 81 62851. 47

62761. S3

62787. 63

62768. 16

-180. 66

90. 14 -26. 30

19. 47

7° 2/ 63139. 70

z

2H° 5/

4/

63288. 78

63374. 53 85. 75

8

° 3/ 63288. 78

9° 4/ 63347. 91

u>

4 H° 6/

5/

4/

3/

63363. 54

63457. 85

68444. 61 63395. 45

-94. 31

13. 24

49. 16

1. 231

y

2H° 5/

4/

63449. 13

63548. 49

-99. 36

10° 2 / 63523. 82

n° 3/ 63546. SO

12 ° 1 X, 2/2 63583. 84

z

2 D° 2/

I /2 63764. 90

63845. 32 -80. 42

x

2 H° 5/

4/2 64051. 91

64055. 37

-3. 46

13° 3/ 64409. 69

x 2 G° 4/

3/

64585. 44

64649. 20 -63. 76

14° O/2 64638. 68

y

2 D° I /2 2/

64683. 95

64712. 94

28. 99

t)*H° 6/2 5/

4/

3/

64731. 88

64819. 53

64888. 00

64920. S3

-87. 65 - 68. 47

-32. 33

1. 236

1. 137

0. 974

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

15° 2/ 64823. 21 16° 3/2

. 64988. 22 w 2 G° 4/

3/

65262. 28 -49. 70

17° 3/ 65617. 37

18° 4/ 65768. 81 v*G° 2/

3/

4/

5/

65873. 40

65876. 34

65908. 92

65887. 31

2. 94

32. 58 - 21. 61

1 . 160

1. 259

x

2 D° 2/

I /2 65946. 87

65961. 90 -15. 03

y

2 F° 2/

3/2 66020. 63

66149. 10 128. 47

tt‘H° 3/

4/

5/

6/2

66334- 47

66356. 40

66418. 55

66568. 58

21. 93

62. 15

150. 03

u 4 G° 2/

3/

4H

5/

66395. 19

66454. 27

66522. 62

66573. 60

59. 08

68. 35

50. 98

19° I /2 66504. 21 20° 3/ 66600. 17

21 ° 4/ 66630. 92

22° 2/ 66654. 65

23° 2/, 3/ 66737. 82

24° 2/, 3/ 66783. 05

25° 2/ 66837. 64

26° I /2 66843. 79

27° 4/ 66855. 00

28° 2/ 66910. 02

29° 3/ 66981. SO

30° 4/ 67024- 41 31° 5 /, 6/2 67206. 00 w 2 H° 5/

4/

67504- 90

67576. 84

-71. 94

32° 5/ 67664. 49

1

4 G° 5/

4/

3/

2/

67752. 84

67819. 17

67891. 36

67965. 04

- 66. 33

-72. 19 -73. 68

1 . 266

v

2 G° 4/

3/

68286. 44

68338. 59

-52. 15

3d5 4s(a 5 G)5s e

4 G 5/

4/

3/

2/

68692. 02

68716. 22

68746. 67

68762. 8

-24. 20

-30. 45

-16. 1

33° 5/ 69722. 96

November 1951
Mni

Observed

Terms*

31

©H

tJ©>

XiO 9e

Pm P

M3

Pm Pm Pm

OD e « <»

me

Al8

Al

"38

TjH Al3a8

•<* Al3

008

Pm O

Pm PP 9

-8

£<Pm CO &

>>•« » s'

05

N o o Pm Pm o o OQ

Pm Pm

c©H >5

woo o o o hHhH -* eo N N OW

Si o9

Ss «R o o O 9 99 a a a 9Ro9sop8

Pm

CjpR

PhPM *Rom

fe

coopCDRo o PmPh

CO *• 3 2

Pm Q<o2

Pm8

CQ

8s 99« e O o

ppe e

99e e

mmCD CD -8-8 C35 Co mm +

"a

CO

w> 

«3

WC ® o a o N%<N

Tjl

CQe«

eo

me

"8CO P•o

CO13CO Oto

00

Tfi CO13

CO 9

^3

<©"3CO

13eo Xeo3CO13CO

13CO

"3CO R86CO3CO"3CO

pH

13CO

"3CO 3

to13CO

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Mni

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
32

Mn II

(Cr i sequence; 24 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d

5 4s 7 S3

4s 7 S3 126147 cm"1 I. P. 15.64 volts

When Catalan announced his important discovery of multiplets in the spectrum of Mn i he listed, also, 24 lines of Mnn as members of four multiplets. Subsequently, Russell and,

independently, Duffendack and Black, confirmed the regularities suggested by Catalan, and

extended the list to include 33 lines classified as combinations among seven terms.

The leading investigation of this spectrum has, however, been carried on by Curtis, who

has extended his earlier work and furnished the present analysis in advance of publication,

for inclusion here. His line list now includes nearly 1100 classified lines in the interval from

900 A to 6500 A. The terms of all three multiplicities are connected by observed intersystem

combinations. Curtis has calculated the limit from four members of the 3d5 (

6S)7i/ 7 F° series,

well represented by a Ritz formula.

The writer has changed the author’s notation to that adopted for complex spectra and

described in detail in the text of Volume I, p. xn, namely that with the prefixes a, b, c, . . . z, y, x, etc., throughout. For convenience in cross reference, Curtis’ notation is entered in

column 1. This spectrum is important astrophysically. The present investigation will be extremely

useful in the interpretation of stellar spectra.

The observed ^-values have been derived by Catalan from observations of the Zeeman

Effect made with the Bitter magnet and large grating spectrographs at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology, with the generous cooperation of Harrison.

REFERENCES

H. N. Russell, Astroph. J. 66, 240; Mt. Wilson Contr. No. 342 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L) O. S. Duffendack and J. G. Black, Phys. Rev. 34, 42 (1929). (T) (G D)

C. W. Curtis, Phys. Rev. 53, 474 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (May 1950). (Z E)

C. W. Curtis, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42, 300, 1952. (I P) (T) (C L)
33

Mn n Mn n

Curtis Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Curtis Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

4s 7S3 3d5 (a 6 S)4s a 7 S 3 0. 00 2. 00 4p 8P3 3d5 (a 6S)4p 2

8 P° 3 43370. 37 -114. 13 -72. 53

1. 67

4p 8 P2 2 43484- 50 1. 83

4s 5 S2 3d5 (a 6 S) 4s a

8S 2 9472. 86 2. 00 4p 8Pi 1 43557. 03 2. 49

3d 5 D4 3d9 a

8 D 4 14325. 64 -267. 98 - 187. 41 -120. 03

-58. 62

1. 49 b

8 D0 3d4 4s2 c

8 D 0 54846. 0

92. 1 177. 7

255. 5

325. 2

3d 5 D3 3c? 5 D2 3d 5 Dj32

1

14593. 62

14781. 03

14901. 06

1. 49

1. 49

1. 49

5

8 Dj

b

8 D2 b

8 D3

12

3

54938. 1 55115. 8

55371. 3 3d 5 D0 0 14959. 68 0. 00 b

5 D4 4 55696. 5 a

5 Ge 3d5 (a 4 G)4s a

B G 6 27546. 90 -24 05 - 12. 35 -4. 93

-0. 80

1. 33 z

8 G2 3d8 (a 4 G)4p 2

5 G° 2 64456. S3

16. 80

20. 70

24. 74

31. 15

1. 31

a

5 G5 a 8 G4 54

27570. 95

27583. 30

1. 26 z

5 G3 2

5 G4 34

64473. IS

64493. 83

1. 26

o

5 G3 3 27588. 23 2

8 G5 5 64518. 57

CL

5 G2 2 27589. 03 2

8 Gj 6 64549. 72

3d 3 P2 3d9 a *P 2 29869. 11 -815. 70 2

8H3 3d8 (a 4 G)4p 28H° 3 65482. 66

83. 02

92. 62

96. 20

92. 11

1. 30

3d 3 ?! 1 30684. 81 2

5H4 4 65565. 68 1. 21 3d 3 P0 0 *

b H5 5 65658. SO

2

8Hg 6 65754- 50

a

6 P3 3d5 (a 4 P)4s a

5 P 3 29889. 31 -29. 91 -31.90

1. 66 2

5H7 7 65846. 61

a

5 P2 2 29919. 22 1. 84

a

5 Pi 1 29951. 12 2. 42? z ®F 5 3d8 (a 4 G)4p 2

8 F° 5 66542. 26 -100. 75 -43. 44

9. 89

31. 78

1. 40

3d 3 H8 3d* a

3 H 6 30523. 45 -155. 79

-116. 51

1. 15

2

8 F4 2

8 F3 4

3 66643. 01 66686. 45

3d 3 H5 5 30679. 24 1. 04 2

8 F2 2 66676. 56

3d 3 H4 4 30795. 75 0. 81 2

6 Fj 1 66644. 78

3d 3 F4 3d9 a *F 4 31514 35 - 147. 37

-99. 21

1. 25 3d8 (a 4 P)4p 2

B D° 0

3d 3 F3 3 31661. 72 1. 07 2

8 Di 1 66893. 79

7. 35

107. 79

286. 23

3d 3 F2 2 31760. 93 0. 66 2

8 D2 2 66901. 14

2

8 i) 3 3 67008. 93 1. 45

a

5 D4 3d5 (a 4 D)4s b8 D 4 32787. 60 -69. 35

2

8 D4 4 67295. 16 1. 49

a

5 D3 3 32856. 95

2

8S 2 ? 3d8 (a a

8 D

4 P)4p 2 2 32858. 84 — 1. 89

22. 44

2

5 S° 2 66929. 22

a

6 D!

a

5 D0

1 32836. 40

2

3 Hg 3d5 (a 4 0 32818. 10

18. 30 G)4p 2»H° 6 67744- 08 -101. 85

-64. 33

1. 16

2

3 H5 5 67845. 93 1. 03

a

3 GS 3d9 a3 G 5 33147. 39 - 100. 93 -30. 07

1. 20 2

3H4 4 67910. 26 0. 78

a

3 G4 a

3 G3 4

3 33248. 3233278. 39

1. 04

0. 75 2

3 F2 2

3 F3 3d8 (a 4 G)4p 2*F° 2

3 67766. 51

67811. 75 45. 24

53. 88

0. 66

1. 08

3d 3 Gg 3d8 (a 4 G) 4s b*G

2

3 F4 4 67865. 63 1. 25

5 34761. 81 - 148. 62 -94. 001. 21 3d 3 G4 3d 3 G3 4

3 34910. 43

35004 43

1. 05

0. 75

2

5 P3 2

8 P2 3d5 (a 4 P)4p y

8P° 3

2

68284- 38

68417. 34 - 132. 96 -79. 03

1. 65

2

8 Pi 1 68496. 37

a

3 P2 3d5 (a 4 P)4s b

3 P 2 36274 29 -90. 01 -63. 59

1. 48

O

3 P

j

1 36364 30 1. 48 z

3 P2 3d8 (a 4 P)4p 23 P° 2 69044- 61 — 171. 12 - 103. 28

1. 49

a

3 Po 0 36427. 89 0. 00 2

3 P, 1 69215. 73 1. 49

2*P0 0 69319. 01 0. 00

3d 3 Di 3d9 a

3 D 1 37811. 57

36. 33 0. 52

y

5Fi 3d8 (a 4D)4p y 3d 3 D5F° 2 2 37847. 90 1. 17 1 70150. 39 80 68

3d 3 D3 3 37851. 15 3. 25

1. 35 y

5F2 2 70231. 07 111 51

y

5F3 3 70342. 58

154. 86

1. 39?

1. 40 4p 7 P2 4p 7 P3 3d5 (a 9S)4p 2

7 P° 2

3 S8366. 07

385^2. 96 176. 89

263. 57

2. 32

1. 94? y

5F4

2/ 5Fs

4

5

70497. 44

70657. 18 159. 74

4p 7 P4 4 38806. 53 1. 76

2

3 G3 3d5 (a 4 G)4p 2

3 G° 3 70517. 72

28. 30 - 18. 70

0. 75

a

3 D3 3d* (a 4 D)4s b

3 D 3 39808. 14

5 24 1. 34

2

3 G4 2

3 Gg

4

5 70546. 02

70527. 32

1. 15?

1. 20

a

3 D2 2 39813. 38 -13. 19 1. 15

<Z 3 Di 1 39826. 57 0. 50 2

3 D3 3d8 (a 4 P)4p 23 D° 3 70745- 08 -195. 16 - 137. 94

1. 33

a

6Fj 3d5 (a 4 F)4s o

8F

2

3 D2 2 70940. 24 1. 16

1 43311. 0

28. 1 55. 9

141. 9 -8. 6

2

3 Di 1 71078. 18 0. 50

o

6Fj 2 43339. 1 a

5F3 3 43395. 0 y *Pi 3d8 (a 4 D)4p X 8P° 1 71263. 92

59. 23

66. 99

a

5F4 4 43536. 9 2/

5 P2 2 71323. 15

a

6F8 5 43528. 3 y

S P3 3 71390. 14

675475 0 - 63-5
34

Mn II—Continued Mn n—Continued

Curtis Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Curtis Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

y

5 D4 3(25 (a 4 D)4p y ®D° 4 72010. 75 1. 48

5d

7 D2 3d® (a «S)5d /

7 D 1 y

5 D3 3 722^7. 88 -59. 43

-13. 81 -1. 45

2 99892. 5

2. 3

3. 8 4 5

y

5 D2 y

5 Di

y

b D0

2

10

72306. 81

72820. 62

72822. 07

5d 7 D3 bd 7 D4 bd 7 D5

3

4

5

99894 8

99898. 6 99903. 1

2/ 3 Di 3(2* (0 4 D)4p 2/ 3 D° 1 78885. 15

10. 82

-0. 85

bd ®D4 3d® (a «S)5d /*D 4 100682. 3 -5. 8 -4 5 -2. 7

y

3 D2 y

3 D3 23

78895. 97

73395. 12

bd «D3 bd ®D 2 bd ®Di

32

1

100688. 1 100692. 6

100695. 3

y

3 F4 3d® (a 4 D)4p 2/ 3 F° 4 78688. 11 Q7 7

n

1. 24 0

y

3 F3 y

3 F2 32

78780. 81

73785. 25

-4. 44 1. 09

0. 75 e ®G# 3d® (a 4 G)5s e ®G 6 101467. 58 -21. 73

-9. 72 -2. 27

1. 46

e ®G5 5 101489. 31

Z

3 Si 3(25 (o 4 P)4p z

3 S° 1 73911. 31 e ®G4 4 101499. 03

«*g3 3 101501. 30

5s 7 S3 3d* (a 8S)5s e

7 S 3 74559. 97 2. 00 e ®G2 2 101499. 84

3d* (a 4 D)4p p*P° 0 e

3 G5 3d®(o 4 G)5s eS G 5 102680. 09 -23. 25

-2. 03 y

3 Pi 1 75719. 59

199. 14 e

3 G4 4 102703. 34

y

3 P2 2 75918. 73 e

3 G3 3 102705. 37

5s «S 2 3(25 (a 6 S)5s e ®S 2 76374. 56 2. 00 e ®P3 3d® (a 4 P) 5s e ®P 3 103803. 44 -32. 73

-31. 97 e ®P2 2 103836. 17 4d 7 D4 3(25 (a 6 S) 4(2 e

7 D 1 79540. 76

3. 75

5. 77

8. 10

10. 72

e ®Pj 1 103868. 14

4<2 7 D2 2 79544. 51

4(2 7 D3 3 79550. 28 e

3 P0 3d® (a 4 P)5s e

3 P 0 104914. 18?

106. 49

34 76 4(2 7 D4 4 79558. 38 e

3 Pi 1 105020. 67

4(2 7 D6 5 79569. 10 e

3 P2 2 105055. 43

4(2 5 D4 3(25 (a «S)4d e ®D 4 82136. 20 -8. 14 -6. 73

-4. 65

-2. 44

e ®H 3 3d® (a 4 G)4d e ®H 3 106157. 4

6. 8

4. 7

1. 0

-2. 2

4(2 ®D3 4(2 *D 2 4(2 5 D4

3

2

1

82144. 34

82151. 07

82155. 72

e ®H 4 e ®H 6 e ®H#4

5

6

106164. 2

106168. 9

106169. 9

4(2 6 D0 0 82158. 16 e ®H7 7 106167. 7

z

7 P2 z

7 P3

3(24 4s (a 6 D)4p? 2/ 7 P° 2

3 83255. 883875. 6

119. 8

153. 8 w ®Fi w ®F2 3d4 4s (6 4 D)4p t«®F0 12

106265. 8

106373. 7

108. 4

152 1 z

7 P4 4 83529. 4 w ®F3 3 106525. 8

181 5 w ®F4 4 106707. 3

186. 5 5p 7 P2 3(2® (a 6S) 5p? x 7 P° 2 85895. 27 65 14 w ®F5 5 106898. 8

5v

7 P3 5p

7 P4 3

4

85960. 41

86057. 40 %! 99 W ®P] w ®P2 3d4 4s (6 4 D)4p u *P° 12 106479. 2

106750. 0

270. 8

422. 8

5V

5 P3 3d5 (a 6S)5p w ®P° w ®P3 3 107172. 8

3 86897. 7 39 1 5p

*P2 5p

5 P4 2

1 86936. 8

86961. 0

-24. 2 e ®I 4 e ®Is 3d® (a 4 G)4d e*I 4

5

106512. 1 106519. 1

7. 0

3. 4 -2. 7 -11. 7

e ®I# 6 106522. 5 X*Pi 3d4 4s (a 6 D)4p? v®P° 1 88889. 6

239. 3

349. 9

e ®L 7 106519. 8

x

6P2 2 89078. 9 e®I8 8 106508. 1 x

5 P3 3 89428. 8

e ®D4 3d® (a 4 D)5s g ®D 4 106885. 90 — 64 34

6s 7 S3 3(2® (a 6 S)6s /

7 S 3 97728. 0 e ®D3 e ®D2 3

2

106950. 24

106966. 94 - 16! 70

4 38

6s ®S2 3(2® (a 6. 14 6 S) 6s /®s 2 98410. 1 e ®Dj

e ®D0

10106962. 56

106956. 42

4/ 7 F«

4/ 7 F5

3(2® (a «S)4/ z

7F° 65

98428. 5

98423. 7 -0. 2 0 1

e

3 D3 e

3 D2 3d®(o 4 D)5s e

3 D 3

2

108102. 25

108170. 45 -68. 20

4/ 7F4 4 98423. 8

0 2 e

2 D, 1 108172. 54? —2. 09

4/ 7 F3 3 98424.

0

-0. 1 4/ 7 F2 2

1 98424- 1 7s

7S3 3d* (a «S)7s g'S 3 108126. 2

0

5/ 7F9i 5 3d®(o ®S)5/ y

7F° §108409. 8

-0. 3 -0. 1 -0. 1

4/®Fi 3(2® (a «S)4/ x ®F° 1 98461. 76

0. 58

0. 82

1. 00

0. 99

bf 7 F4 4 108410. 1 4/ 5 F2 2 98462. 84 5/ 7 F3 3 108410. 2

4/ ®F3 3 98463. 16 5/ 7F2 2 108410. 3

4/ 6F4 4 98464. 16 1 4/ 5F5 5 98465. 15 0
35

Mn n—Continued Mn n—Continued

Curtis Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Curtis Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5/ 5 Fj 3

d

5 (a «S)5

/

v

SF° 1 108435. 6

1 . 6

1 . 8

2. 4

1 6

6/ "F« 3d5 (a 6 S)6f x 7F° 6 113840. 0 - 0. 1 -0. 1 - 0. 1

5/ 5 F2 2 108437. 2 6/

7F5 5 113840. 1 5/ 5 F3 3 108439. 0 6/

7F4 4 113840. 2

5/ sF4 4 108441 4 3 113840. 3

5/ sF5 5 108443. 0 2

1 7s 5S2 3 0

d

5 (a 6 S) 7s 0

5 S 2 108447. 6

v

5 G2 y

5 G° 2 108485. 4 17. 6

21. 7

26. 0

37. 2

8s

5S2 3d5 (a 6 S) 8s h*S 2 113895. 2

v

5 G3 3 108503. 0

v

5 G4 4 108524- 7 6<7 5 Gg 3d5 (a 6S)60 /

5 G (6

1 v

5 G5 5 108550. 7 6g

5 GS 5

t> 8 G8 6 108587. 9 6g

5 G4 <4> 113932. 0

6g

5 G3 3

V

5 Pi t

SP° 1 108726. 4 148. 3 404 2

6^

5 G2 »

5 P2 2 108974- 7

v

5 P3 3 109378. 9

f 7l 60 7 G 3d5 (a 8 S)60 e

7 G to 113932

v

5 Fj u 5 F° 1 108994 0

51. 7

76. 7

98. 7

106. 0

UJ

v

5F2 2 109045. 7

v

sF3 3 109122. 4 6/

5F4 3d5 (a 6S) 6/ r5 F° 1 114023. 5

1. 3

1. 5

1. 5 - 1. 0

v

5F4 4 109221. 1 6/

5F2 2 114024. 8

v

sF5 5 109327. 1 6/

5 F3 3 114026. 3

6/

5F4 4 114027. 8 w 5 D0 z 8D° 0 109167. 7

67. 6

108. 4

132. 6

131. 5

6/

5 F5 5 114026. 8 w 5 Di 1 109235. 3 w 5 D2 2 109343. 7 7d 7 Di 3d5 (a 6 S) 7d A

7 D 1 114344 18 0. 66

1. 03

1. 38

1. 81

w 5 D3 3 109476. 3 7d 7 D2 2 114344 84

id s D4 4 109607. 8 7d

7 D3 3 114345. 87

7d 7 D4 4 114347. 25

6d 7 Di 3d5 (a 8S) 6d g

7 D 1 109241. 31

1. 05

1. 59

2. 20

2. 85

7d

7 D5 5 114349. 06

6d

7 D2 2 109242. 36

6d

7 D3 3 109243. 95 7d

5 D4 3d5 (a 6 S) 7d 4 114932. 2 -11. 7 - 8. 0 -4 6 - 1. 6

6d

7 D4 6d 7 DS 4

5 109246. 15 109249. 00

7d 8 D3 7d

5 D2 7d

5 D!

3

2

1

114943. 9 114951. 9 114956. 5

v

5 D0 3d4 4s (b 4 D)4p w 5 D° 0 109958. 0

36. 3 74 2

136. 4

223. 8

7d 5D 0 0 114958. 1 v

5 Di 1 109994- 3

v

5D2 2 110068. 5 9s 7S3 3d5 (a 6S) 9s z

7S 3 117031. 1 v

5 D3 3 110204- 9

v

5 D4 4 110428. 7 7/ 7F# 3d5 (o 8 S)7/ w 7F

0 6 117112. 9 -0. 1 7/ 7F5 5 117113. 0

v

5 H3 v

5 H4 y

5 H° 34

110547. 5

110602. 0 54 5

90. 2 102. 8

131. 0

7/ 7F4i3 $ 117113. 1 —0. 1

v

5 HS 5 110692. 2 2

v

5 H8 6 110795. 0 1

v

5 H7 7 110926. 0 0 u sFi t ®F° 1 111017. 5

43. 0 54 9

43. 8

1. 3

3d5 (a 6S)7f q

5F° 1 u

5F2 2 111060. 5 2 u

5F3 3 111115. 4 3 u sF4 4 111159. 2 7/ 5F4 4 117137. 8

10. 5 u 5 F5 5 111160. 5 7/ 5F5 5 117148. 3

U

5 Pi s®P° 1 111162. 3

16. 5 34 0

s

5 Fi p

5F° 1 117164- 7

67. 0

82. 9 84 7 sa 9

U 5 Pj 2 111178. 8 s

5 F2 2 117231. 7 «*P3 3 111212. 8 s

5 F3 3 117314- 6

s

5 F4 4 117399. 3 u 5 G2 x

5 G° 2 113093. 0

17. 3

71. 4

69. 1 72. 2

s

5 F5 5 117483. 2 u 5 G3 3 113110. 3 u

5 G4 4 113181. 7 10s 7 S3 3d5 (a 8 S) 10s ;7S 3 119185. 6 u 5 GS 5 113250. 8 u

S G« 6 113323. 0 f 1

1 8/

5 F 3d5 (a 8S) 8/ o

S F° to 119253

t sFi s

6 F° 1 113645. 5 —0. 5 -3. 6

5. 3

11. 3

U J 1 5F2 2 113645. 0

1 5F3 3 113641- 4

1 5 F4 4 113646. 7

t *f 6 5 113658. 0 Mn in (a 8 S2><) Limit --- 126147

8s 7S3 3d5 (a 8S) 8s /i 7S 3 113697. 6

November 1951.
Mnn

Observed

36

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

CrI

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
37

Mnm

(V i sequence; 23 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d5 ®S2^ a

6S2H 271800 cm"1 I. P. 33.69 volts

The early analysis by Gibbs and White has been extended by Catalan and Miss GarciaRiquelme especially for inclusion here. The present observations extend from 594 A to 3997 A.

The resonance lines reported by Kruger and Miss Gilroy have been confirmed. Fifteen new

terms are listed in the current manuscript.

Catalan has derived the limit from the ns 6D series (n= 4,5) by means of a Ritz formula,

with the assumed value of a equal to 3.3 X10-6

. The total number of classified fines is 173.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the systems of terms of different multiplicity.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 13, 525 (1927). (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 48, 720 (1935). (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan and 0. Garcia-Riquelme, unpublished material (1951). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mnm Mn in

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* o *S 2X 0. 0 3d4 (*D)4p z

4 F° IK 116581. 6

111. 9 2K 116693. 5

3ds a

4 G 5K

4K

26824. 5 26852. 4 -27. 9 -7. 9 a 4

3K

4K

116853. 0

117064. 4

159. 5

211. 4

3K 26860. 3 2H 26856. 9 3d4 (*D)4p z

4 D° OK

IK

130977. 3

131094- 2

117. 0

176. 3

213. 2 3d5 o

4 P 2K

IK

ok

29168. 9

29243. 0 -74 1 2K

3K

131370. 5

131483. 7 3d4 (*D)4d e «G IK 172444. 6

103. 4

135. 6

172. 6

208. 2

243. 2

3d* a

4 D 3% 32308. 9 -76. 8 2K 17254& 0

2K 32385. 7 3/2 172683. 6 IK 4K 172856. 2 0/ 5K

6K

173064. 4

173307. 6

3d* a

4 F 4H 43574. 2 -30. 0 -66. 3 -5. 1 3K 43604. 2 3d4 (*D)4d e «P IK 172571. 7 44 5

142. 3

2/2 1/

43670. 5 43675. 6 2K

3K

172616. 2 17275a 5 3d4 (*D)4s a *D OK 62456. 7

111. 2

179. 4

241. 6

296. 3

3d4 (*D)4d e *D OK

i K 62567. 9 IK

2K 62747. 3 2K

3K

4K

62988. 9

63285. 2

3K

4K

174175. 7

174419. 1 243. 4

3d4 (*D)4s b

4 D OK 71396. 5

169. 0

267. 9

351. 4

3d4 (*D)4d e ®F OK

IK 71565. 5 1/2 2K 71833. 4 2/2 3K 72184 8 3/2 174576. 8

298. 8

100. 7 3d4 (*D)4p

4/2 174875. 6

z «F° OK 110036. 8

137. 1 225. 7

313. 2

400. 0

490. 2

5/2 174976. 3 IK 110173. 9 2K 110399. 6 3d4 (*D)5s / *D 0/2 176100. 0

106. 0

186. 0

250. 0 304 4 3d4 (*D)4p

3/2 4 K

5K

none. 8

lime. 8

111603. 0

IK

2/2

3/2 4K

176206. 0

176392. 0

176642. 0

176946. 4

t *P° 1 K 111778. 0

107. 4 174 3 2K 111885. 4 3d4 (*D)4d e »S 2/2 181951. 3

3K lie059. 7 3d4 (*D)4p z

4 P° OK 113816. 8 264 4

598. 2 IK 113080. e Mn iv (*D0) Limit 271800

2K 113678. 4 3d4 (*D)4p s

8D° OK 113993. 3

103. 4

193. 1 — 78. 9

292. 1

IK 114096. 7

2K

3K

114289. 8

114210. 9 4K 114503. 0

May 1951.
Mn hi Observed Terms*

Config.

1.«2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 + Observed Terms

3d6 / a«S

\ a

4 P a

4 D a

4 F a4 G

ns (n>4) np (n> 4)

3d*(5 D)nx / a,/«D

\ b

4 D

o

o z «D° z «F°

2

4 D° z *F°

nd (n>4)

3d4 (

5 D)nx e

6S e6 P e ®D e6F e

6 G

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the V i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. xxxvii.

Mil iv

(Tii sequence; 22 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

3

s

2 3p6 3d4 5D0

a

6D0 cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis is from Bowen, who has extended White’s early work and published 156

classified lines, 100 iD the range 540 A to 675 A, and 56 in the range 1442 A to 1973 A. The

triplet and quintet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

F. L. Moore, Jr., has recently observed this spectrum in more detail and with higher

accuracy. He confirms the multiplet by White (3d

z 4s 5F—3d3 4p

6G°) without doubt, and ex- pects to carry the analysis much further in the near future.

No series have been found.

REFERENCES

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 52, 1153 (1937). (T) (C L)

F. L. Moore, Jr., private communication (May 1951).
39

Mn IY Mn iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a

8 D 0 0 92

188

267

333

3d3 (a *F)4p z

5 D° 0

12

34

92

280

547

880

12

34

170861

171272

171760

411 488

3d* o

3 P 0 20646 628

1047

3d3 (a *F)4p z

8 F° 1 171381 313

382

395

392

12 21274

22321

23

171694. 172076

4 172471

3d* a

3 H 4 21273 196

207

5 172863

5 21469

6 21676 3d3 (a *F)4p z

3 D° 1 172081 310

557

2 172391

3d* o

3 F 2 22786 73

98

3 172948

3 22859

4 22957 3d3 (a *F)4p z

3 G° 3 175422 382

479 a

3 G 25434

4 175804

3d* 3 232

209

5 176283

4 25666

5 25875 3d3 (a *F)4p z

3 F° 2 177624 446

503 3 178070

3d3 (a *F)4s a

8 F 1 111502 204

300

398

475

4 178573

2 111706

3 112006 3d3 (a *P)4p z

8 P° 1 184560 336

534 4 112402 2 184896

5 112877 3 185430

3d3 (a *F)4s 6

3 F 2 119431 524

644

3d3 (a 2 G)4p y

3 G° 3 188753 454

346 3 119955 4 189207

4 120599 5 189553

3d3 (a *F)4p z

8 G° 2 167885 410 3d3 (a 2 H)4p x3 G° 5 200186 -98

-40 3 168295 535

662

4 200284

4 168830 3 200324

5 1691+92 786

6 170278

May 1951.

Mn iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p»+ Observed Terms

3d*

f o

8 D

\a 3 P a

3 F a3 G a

3 H

ns (n> 4) np (n>4)

3d? {a *F)nx / a

5 F

\ b

3 F

z

5 D°

z

3 D°

z

8 F°

z

8 F°

z

S G°

z

3 G°

3<P(a *P)nx z

8 P°

3d?(a 2 G)nx y

3-G°

3d? (a 2 H)na: x

3 G°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ti I isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. xxxvn.
40

Mn y

(Sc i sequence; 21 electrons) Z—25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d? 4Fi^ a

4Fj^ 613200 ± cm"1 I. P. 76 volts

The analysis is incomplete. The first work was by White who found twelve multiplets

giving three of the leading low terms from the 3d3 configuration, two terms from 3d

2 4s and

five from 3d2 4p. Later Bowen extended the analysis and observed intersystem combinations

connecting the doublet and quartet terms. About one hundred lines are now classified, in the

region from 382 A to 1620 A.

The terms are mostly from Bowen’s 1935 paper. Two of his terms have been added from

the 1940 reference below. The two terms b

4F and b2F are from White with values slightly

adjusted by the writer to fit Bowen’s term array, since the two sets of measures of the extreme

ultraviolet lines are not completely accordant.

White’s 2F term is here called b

2F on the assumption that the 2F term having the configuration 3d3

, which is not yet known, will probably be lower and should, therefore, be designated a

2F.The limit (entered in brackets in the table) has been calculated from White’s estimated

ionization potential, which in turn is based on his extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCES

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 33, 672 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 47, 924 (1935). (T) (C L)

S. Pasternack, Astroph. J. 92, 140 (1940). (T)

Mn V Mn v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a

4 F 1)4 0 349

478

579

3d* (a 3 F)4p z 2F° 2)4 245486 821

2)4 349 3)4 246807

3)4 4 H

827

1406 3d* (a 3 F)4p 2

4 D° 0)4 246580 387

3d*

1)4 246148 737

806 a

4 P 0)4 16420

160

456

2)4 246880

1)4 16580 3)4 247686

3d*

2H 17036

3d* (a 3 F)4v 2

2 D° 1)4 a*G 3)4 17878 504 2)4 248074

3d*

4)4 18382

3d* (a 3 F)4p 2

2 G° 3)4 250949 751

a 2 P 1)4 22902 -176 4)4 251700

3d*

0)4 23078

3d* (a 3 P)4v 2

4 S° 1)4 257484

a

2 D 2)4 24610 -41

1)4 24651 3d* {a 3 P)4p y

A D° 0)4 3d* a

2 H 4)4 24953 362

1)

4

2)

4 260808

261460 652

1106

5)4 25315 3)4 262566

3d* (a 3 F)4s b *F 1)4 176937

377

548

698

3d2 (a 3 P)4p 2

4 P° 0)4 264882 330

2)4 177314 1)4 264712 756

3)4 177862 2)4 265468

4)4 178560

3d* (a 3 F) 4s b

2 F

3d2 (a »G)4p y

2 G° 3)4 265555 160

2)

4

3)

4 183528

184633 1105 4)4 265715

3d2 (a 3 F)4p z <G°

3d2 (a ! G)4p 2

2 H° 4)4 271475 1149

2)4 241906 847

1037

1246

5)4 272624

3)4 242758

4)4 248790

3d* (a 3 F)4p

5k 245036

Mn vi (3 F2) Limit [613200]

z

4 F° 1)4 248115 552

703

755

2)4 248667

3)4 244870

4)4 245125

December 1948.
41

Mn v Observed Terms*

Config.

Is3 2s3 2p6 3s2 3p« +

Observed Terms

3d (a 4 P a

4F

\o 2 P a *D a *G am

ns (n>4) np (n>4)

3d2 (a *F)nx /

b

4F Z 4D° 2 4F° z

4 G°

\ b

2 F z3 D° z

2 F° z

J G°

3d1 {a *P)nx z

4 3° z4 P° y4 D°

3d2 (a 1 G)nx y *G° z *H°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sc i isoelectronic sequence see Vol. i, p. xxxvi.

Mn VI

(Ca i sequence; 20 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2r 2y8 3s2 3pe 3 d

2 3F2

a

3F2 cm 1 I. P. volts

The analysis is incomplete. Thirty lines were classified by Cady in the range between

307 A and 329 A. The present term list is from an unpublished manuscript by Edlen, who has

revised Cady’s analysis, by using unpublished wavelengths by Bowen.

REFERENCES

W. M. Cady, Phys. Rev. 43, 324 (1933). (T) (C L)

B. Edlin, unpublished material (Feb. 1949). (T)

Mn VI Mn VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d2 a

3 F 2 0 746

3 746 923 3d(2 D)4p 2

3 F

° 2 323795 1053

1521 4 1669 3 324848

4 326369

3d2 a!D 2 15336

3d(2 D)4p z *P° 0 329732 -97

360 3d2 a *P 0 17782 275

571

1 329635

1 18057 2 329995

2 18628

3d(2 D)4p z IF0 3 333063

3d? a ! G 4 25511

3d(2 D)4p 2 1P° 1 336126

3<2(J D)4p z >D° 2 SI 9811 3d(*E>>4p r*Dfl 1 SSI69

5

714

874 2 322409

3 S2328S

March 1949.
42

Mn vi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s* 2p8 3s* 3

p

8 +

Observed Terms

3d* / o*P a *F

\ a ‘D a ‘G

np (n> 4)

3d(*D)na: /

z *P°

l z‘P°

z »D° z »F°

z

1D° z *F° For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ca i isoelec- tronic sequence, see Vol. I, p. xxxv.

Mn vn

(K i sequence; 19 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d 2DW

3d 2Di^ 962001 cm-1

I. P. 119.24 volts

Twenty-two lines have been classified in the range from 111 A to 1267 A. The terms are from the paper by Kruger and Weissberg.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 12, 676 (1926). (C L)

P. G. Kruger and S. G. Weissberg, Phys. Rev. 52, 316 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mn vn Mn vn

Config. Desig. J Level

.

Interva

3p8 (‘S)3d 3d *D 1 X

2 01355 1355

3p8 (»S)4s 4s *S oy2 318734

3p8 (‘S)4p 4p *P° oy2 897647 2465

i y2 400112

3p8 (‘S)5s 5s *S oy2 613934

3p8 (‘S)4/ 4/*F° 2H 616957 151

3y2 616108

3p8

(

1 S)5/ 5/*F° 2 H 789771 174

3y2 789945

3p8 (‘S)6s 6s *S oy2 752144

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p8 (‘S)6/ 6/*F° I 2y2 i 3y2 |

807760

3p8 0S)7/ yyjpo I

L 3H }

848888

3pa

(

1 S)8/ 8/*F° 2H

t 3M }

875584

3p8 (

1 S)9/ 9/*F° / 2H

l 3

H

}

898742

Mn viii (‘So) Limit 962001

May 1948.
Mn vm

43

(A i sequence; 18 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p*

3p* lS0 1585000 cm-1

I. P. 196 volts

Two lines, at 122 A and 124 A, respectively, are classified as combinations with the ground

term. The limit and the 5s-levels are apparently extrapolated from isoelectronic sequence

data, as indicated by brackets in the table. The listed values have been rounded off in the

last places.

For convenience, the Paschen notation has been added by the writer in column one under

the heading “A i”. As for A i, the ^coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah

is here introduced, although i/S'-designations as indicated in column two under the heading

“Authors” are perhaps preferable for the terms thus far identified.

REFERENCES

P. G. Kruger, S. G. Weissberg and L. W. Phillips, Phys. Rev. 51, 1090 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).

Mn vm

A i Authors Config. Desig. J Level

lp“ 3p8 »S 3p6 3p« >S 0 0

3p*(*PlH)4s 4s [1^]° 2

1«4 3p*4s *P° 1 806100

3p*(3P^)4s 4s'[0/2]° 0

Isa 3p

6 4s »P° 1 818500

3p«(3 P!H)5s 5s rw 2

2si 3p5 5s *P° 1 [1146000]

3p*(’P&)5s 5s'[0^]° 0

2St 3

p

8 5s iP° 1 [1159000]

Mn i x (*PfH) Limit —- [1585000]

May 1948.
44

Mn IX

(Cl i sequence; 17 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3

s

2 3ph 2Pfo

3p

6 2Pfo 1791000 cm-1

I. P. 222 volts

All of the terms except 3

p

6 2S are from the paper by Edl6n. Eleven lines in the region

between 105 A and 395 A have been classified as combinations from the ground term. Edl6n

has estimated the value of the limit by extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence, as indicated by brackets in the table. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

S. G. Weissberg and P. G. Kruger, Phys. Rev. 49, 872 (A) (1936). (C L)

B. Edten, Zeit. Phys. 104, 407 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mn IX

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s* 3

p* 3p5 *P° ix

oy2 0

12530 - 12530

3p® 3p® *S oy2 265291

3s* 3p4 (*P)4s 4s 4 P 2/2 ix

OX

873580

880070 -6490

3sl 3p4 (*P)4« 4s *P IX

o/2 889560

896860 -7300

3sJ 3p4 0D)4s 4s' *D 2/2 IX

910890

911310 -420

3s* 3p4 (‘S)4s 4s" *S 0/2 950060

Mn x (*P2) Limit [1791000]

January 1948.
Mn X

45

(S i sequence; 16 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s

2 3p* 3Pa

3p

A aP2 2004000 cm-1

Z=25

I. P. 248 volts

Edl6n has classified 11 lines in the interval between 100 A and 104 A, and extrapolated a

value of the limit from isoelectronic sequence data.

The singlet and triplet terms are not connected by observed intersystem combinations.

By analogy with Fe xi, Edlen has revised the interpolated values of the singlet terms for

inclusion here, and the uncertainty, x, is probably not large.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1 REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 104, 188 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

B. Edl6n, letter (January 1950). (T)

Mn X

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s2 3

p

4 3

p

4 3 P 2

10

0

10000

11700

-10000

-1700

3s2 3p4 3p4 X D 2 33810+x

3s2 3p4 3p41S 0 73400+x

3s2 3p3

(

4 S°)4s 4s *S° 1 965990

3s2 3p3

(2 D°)4s 4s' *D° 1 991770 430

1980 23

992200

994180

3s2 3p3

(2 D°)4s 4s' lD° 2 1002150+x

3s2 3p3

(

2 P°)4s 4s" X P° 1 1032080+x

Mn xi (4 Sfo) Limit [2004000]

January 1950.
46

Mn XIII

(A1 1 sequence; 13 electrons) Z—25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p

2Po

M

3p

2PoH cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has classified 2 lines as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

66. 574

67. 215

12 1502090

1487760 | 3p 2 P° —4d 2 D

His unit, 103 cm-1

, is here changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 540 (1936). (C L)

December 1947. Mn XIV

(Mg i sequence; 12 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2

3s2 >So 3260000 cm-1

I. P. 404 volts

Edlen has classified 13 lines in the region between 57 A and 79 A. No intersystem combinations have been observed and the triplet terms are not all connected by observed combinations. He has determined the relative positions of the various groups of terms and also the

ionization potential by extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence. His estimated value of

the limit is entered in brackets in the table.

His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 536 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mn xiv Mn xiv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s* 3s2 iS 0 0 3s(2S)4d 4d *D 1 1818250+x 500

890 3p *P°

2 1818750+2

3s (

2 S) 3p 0 218910+x 4790

11380

3 1819640 +2

12 223700+x

235080 +x 3s(2S)4/ 4/ *F° 2

O 3s(*S)3d 3d *D 1o

u

4 1892970+

x

3 640240+2 3s(2S)5/ 5/ *F° 2

Q

3s(lS)4s 4s *S 1 1569110+2

o

4 2387760 +2

3s(2 S)4p 4p »P° 1 1685630

Mn xv (

2S^) Limit [ 3260000]

August 1947.
Mn XV

47

(Na i sequence; 11 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s 2S0H

3s 2S0* 3511210 cm"1 I. P. 435 volts

Edlen has classified 12 lines in the interval 45 A to 75 A and extrapolated the absolute

value of the ground term from isoelectronic sequence data. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been

changed to cm-1. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 100, 621 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Mn XV Mn XV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s 3s 2 S OK 0 4/ 4/ 2 F° 2K 1962870 380 3K 1968250

3V 3p 2 P° OK

i K

2591+50 276650 17200

5d 5d 2 D IK

2K 2492130

3d 3d 2 D 1/2 632760 2190

2K 634950 5/ 5/ 2 F° 2K

3K

2520870

2520600 230

4s 4s 2 S ok 1666950

4p 4p 2 P° OK

1/

IK

17701+10 1777150 6740 Mn xvi (

1 S0) Limit [3511210]

4d 4d 2 D 1906350 1120 2K 1907470

June 1947. Mn XVI

(Nei sequence; 10 electrons) Z=25

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p8

2p

6 % 9164300 cm-1

I. P. 1135.9 volts

Tyren has classified nine lines, between 13 A and 18 A, as combinations with the ground

term. His absolute term values have been derived by extrapolation along the Ne i isoelectronic

sequence.

By analogy with Ne i the ^-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah is introduced.

The unit adopted by Tyren, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

F. TyrSn, Zeit. Phys. Ill, 314 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).
48

Mn xvi Mn XVI

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

2V ‘S§ 2s2 2

p« 2p« »S 0 0

3p' 3 Pi

2s 2p8 (

2S)3p 3p 3 P° 2

10

1

6530800

3s *Pi 2s2 2ps

(2 P|H)3s 3s [1H]° 2

1 5281200 3V ‘Pi 2s 2p8

(

2 S)3p 3p JP° 6562500

3s ‘Pi 2s2 2p5

(2 Pg*)3s 3s'[0^]° 0

1 5360800 4d ‘Pi 2s2 2p5

(2 PfH)4d 4d [1 y2]° 1 7348000

3d *Pi 2s2 2p5

(2 Pi*)3d 3d mr 0

1 5849700

4d 3 Di 2s2 2p5

(2 PgH)4d' 4d'[lH]° 1 7429000

09

09

CL

CL ‘Pi *D, 2s2 2p5

(2 Pg*)3d

3d [1^]°

3d'[lh]°

1

1

5923500

6018300

Mn xvn (

2 Pfo)

Mn xvii (

2 Pqh)

Limit

Limit —

[9164300]

9249600

April 1947.

Mn xvi Observed Levels*

Config.

ls2 +

Observed Terms

2s2 2

p

6 2

p

6 »S

ns (n> 3) np (n> 3) nd (n> 3)

2s2 2p5

(2 P°)nx

2s 2p6 (

2 S)nx

/ 3s *P°

\ 3s iP°

{

09

09 13

IS oo

3d S P° 3, 4d S D°

3, 4d »P°

;7-Coupling Notation

Config.

ls2 +

Observed Pairs

ns (n> 3) nd (n> 3)

2s2 2ps

(

2 Pfo)nz 3s [1 y2 ]° 3d [0^]°

3, 4d [1HJ°

2s2 2pi

(

2 P0£)nx' 3s'[0/2]° 3, 4d'[l#]°

*For predicted levels in the spectra of the Ne I isoelectronic sequence see Vol. i, p. xxxi.
49

IRON

Fe I

26 electrons Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3

2 3p& 3d6 4s2 5D4

a

5D4 63700 cm"1 I. P. 7.90 ±0.01 volts

The terms are from the paper by Russell, Moore, and Weeks, which is “based on the work

of many investigators, including unpublished studies by Miguel A. Catalan,” which were not

published because of the Spanish war. He contributed 89 new levels including the first singlet

terms to be found in Fei. Their table of all classified lines that have been observed in the

laboratory extends from 1855 A to 11973 A and includes 3,606 fines. In addition they

give a table of 1,254 predicted fines that have been accepted as present in the solar spectrum

and graded “Good” or “Fair”. It is reasonably certain that more faint solar fines may be

correctly attributed to Fe i than are included in the present conservative fist. Intersystem combinations connecting the terms of all four multiplicities have been observed.

One small change has been incorporated here. The miscellaneous level labeled 8° is here

designated x

3S°, as was tentatively suggested by the authors.

The ionization potential is well determined from three series. The analysis could be carried further if laboratory observations of faint fines were extended.

The present analysis is, however, remarkably complete for such a complex spectrum. The

present fists contain 4,860 classified lines arising from combinations among 464 energy levels. With the aid of extensive Zeeman data all but 18 of these have been grouped into 147 terms,

which combine to give 1,348 multiplets. “The general result of this analysis is that the iron arc spectrum, despite its complexity, is highly regular.” The detailed confirmation of theory is conspicuous.

REFERENCES

H. N. Russell, C. E. Moore, and D. W. Weeks, Trans. Am. Phil. Soe. 34, Part 2, 111-207 (1944). (I P) (T)

(C L) (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) R. A. Fisher, unpublished infrared data (June 1950). (

7P° term added in proof.)

675475 0 - 63-6
50

Fe I Fe I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval 3d« 4s2 a S D 43210

0. 000

415. 933

704. 003

888. 132

978. 074

-415. 933

-288. 070 - 184. 129

-89. 942

1. 496

1. 497

1. 494

1. 498

3d® 4s (a «D)4p z ®F° 54321

26874- 562

27166. 837

27894- 70S

27559. 598

27666. 862

-292. 275

-227. 866

-164. 895

-106. 764

3d7 (a 4 F)4s a ®F 5 6928. 280 -448. 495

-351. 296

-257. 724 - 168. 930

1. 404 3d7 (a 2 P)4s a 4 P 1 27543. 00 4 7376. 775 1. 349 3 7728. 071 1. 248 3d7 (a 2 D)4s a 4 D 2 28604. 61 2 7985. 795 0. 995 1 8154. 725 -0. 014 3d7 (a 2 H)4s a m 5 28819. 98

3d7 (a 4 F)4s a 3 F 4 11976. 260 -584. 693

-407. 620

1. 254 3d® 4s (0 ®D)4p z ®P° 3 29056. 841 -412. 692

-263. 716 32

12560. 953

12968. 573

1. 086

0. 670 21 29469. 03329782. 749

3d7 (a 4 P)4s a 5 P 3 17550. 210 - 176. 807

-200. 394

1. 666 3d® 4s2 a 4 I 6 29313. 04 2 17727. 017 1. 820 1 17927. 411 2. 499 3d® 4s2 b 3 D i 29320. 05

36. 73

15. 08 2 29356. 78

3d6 4s2 a 3 P 21 18378. 215

19552. 493

-1174. 278

-485. 37

1. 506

1. 500 3 29371. 86 0 20037. 86 3d® 4s2 b *G 4 29798. 96

3d6 4s (a ®D)4p z 7 D° 5 19850. 894

-211. 563

-194. 583

-155. 471 - 107. 137

-230. 839 - 167. 244

-233. 377 - 164. 500

1. 597 3d® 4s (a 4 D)4p z 3 F° 4 81807. 272 -497. 825

-328. 917 43 19562. 457

19757. 040

1. 642

1. 746 32 31805. 097

82184. 014 2 19912. 511 2. 008

3d6 4s2 a 3 H 16

20019. 648

19390. 197

2. 999

1. 163

3d® 4s (0 4 D)4p z 3 D° 321

81322. 689

31686. 377

81937. 350

-363. 738

-250. 973 5 19621. 036 1. 038

‘3d6 4s2 b 3 F 44

19788. 280

20641. 144

0. 811

1. 235

3d8 c 3 F 432

32S73. 68

33412. 78

33765. 33

-539. 10 -352. 55 3 20874. 521 1. 073 2 21039. 021 0. 663 3d7 (a 4 F)4p y 5 D° 4 83095. 962 -411. 182

-294. 451

-215. 532 - 104. 496

3d7 (a 2 G)4s a 3 G 543

21715. 770

21999. 167

22249. 461

-283. 397

-250. 294

1. 197

1. 051

0. 756 3210

88507. 144

88801. 595

84017. 127

34121. 623

3d6 4s (a ®D)4p z 7 F° 6 22650. 427 - 195. 453 1 KO Rflfi1. 498 3d7 (a 4 F)4p

y *F° 5 33695. 41 8

-344. 122 -289. 235

-218. 460

-144. 937 5 22845. 880 1. 498 4 34039. 540 432

22996. 686

28110. 948

28192. 508

-114. 262

-81. 560

-52. 339

-25. 545

1. 493

1. 513

1. 504 321

34828. 775

34547. 235

84692. 172 1 23244- 847 1. 549 0 23270. 392 3d® 4s (a 4 D)4p z 3 P° 2 88946. 965 -415. 925

3d7 (a 4 P)4s

b 3 P 2 -192. 75 1022838. 360

22946. 860

23051. 790 - 108. 500 - 104. 930

1. 498

1. 489

3d® 4s2 b *D 102

84362. 890

34555. 64

34636. 82

3d6 4s (a ®D)4p z 7 P° 4 23711. 467 -469. 409

-326. 052

-335. 200

-219. 951

1. 747

3d7 (a 4 F)4p z ®G°

3d6 4s2 b 3 G 3254

24180. 876

24506. 928

23783. 654

24118. 854

1. 908

2. 333

1. 200

1. 048 65432

84842. 980

84782. 448

85257. 345

85611. 649

85856. 424

61. 532

-474. 897

-354. 304

-244. 775 3 24338. 805 0. 761

3d7 (a 4 F)4p z 3 G° 5 35379. 287 -388. 354

-311. 804

3d7 (a 2 P) 4s c 3 P 210

24335. 804

24772. 060

25091. 62 -436. 256

-319. 56

1. 484

1. 466 43

85767. 591

36079. 395

3d7 (a 2 G)4s a 4 G 4 24574. 690 1. 001

3d7 (a 4 F)4p

y 3 F° 432

36686. 204

87162. 770

87521. 186

-476. 566

-358. 416

3d6 4s (a ®D)4p z 5 D° 4 25900. 002 -240. 191 -199. 515 - 139. 685

-71. 102

1. 502 3210

26140. 198

26839. 708

26479. 898

26550. 495

1. 500

1. 503

1. 495

3d® 4s(a 4 D)4p

y 6P° 321

86766. 998

87157. 594

87409. 575

-390. 596

-251. 981

3d7 (a 2 H)4s

b 3 H 654

26105. 95

26351. 09

26627. 64

-245. 14 -276. 55

1. 165

1. 032

0. 811

3d7 (b 2 F)4s d 3 F 234

36940. 60

36975. 64

37046. 00

35. 04

70. 36

3d7 (a 2 D)4s a 3 D 321

26225. 03

26623. 73

26406. 49

-398. 70

217. 24

1. 335

1. 178

0. 731

3d7 (a 4 F)4p

y 3 D° 321

88175. 882

88678. 067

88995. 764

-502. 685

-317. 697

Obs. g

1. 399

1. 355

1. 250

1. 004 - 0. 012

0. 817

1. 028

1. 000

1. 657

1. 835

2. 487

1. 014

1. 326

0. 979

1. 250

1. 086

0. 682

1. 321

1. 168

0. 513

1. 264

1. 066

0. 677

1. 496

1. 492

1. 495

1. 492

1. 417

1. 344

1. 244

0. 998

-0. 016

1. 493

1. 496

1. 332

1. 218

1. 103

0. 887

0. 335

1. 248

1. 100

0. 791

1. 246

1. 086 0. 688

1. 661

1. 836

2. 502

1. 324

1. 151

0. 493
51

Fe I—Continued Fe I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d® 4s (a 4 D)4p x ®D° 4 89625. 829 344 051 1. 489 3d® 4s (5 4 F)4p x ®G° 6 45608. 35: -117. 83

-107. 06

-80. 29

-51. 45

1. 336

32

89969. 880

40231. 365 -261. 485

173 179

1. 504

1. 501

5445726. 18

45838. 24

1. 269

1. 158

1 40404. 544 -86. 768 1. 498 3 45913. 53 0. 928

0 40491. 312 2 45964. 98 0. 323

3d5 4s2 (a ®S)4p y

7 P° 2

34

40052. 08

40207. 12

40421. 89

155. 04

214. 77

2. 340

1. 908

1. 75:

3d® 4s (a 4 H)4p z *1° 7

65

45978. 04

46026. 98

46135. 92

-48. 94

-108. 94

1. 149

1. 040

0. 833

3d® 4s (a 4 D)4p x ®F° 5

4

3

2

40257. 867

40594. 47

40842. IS

41018. 06

-337. 10 -247. 66 - 165. 93

-112. 56

1. 390

1. 328

1. 254

0. 998

3d® 4s2 (0 «S)4p w ®P° 3

2

1

46187. 14

46313. 61 46410. 44

-176. 47

-96. 83

1. 658

1. 822

2. 436

1 41 ISO. 62 -0. 006

3d® 4s (6 4 P)4p z

3 S° 1 46600. 884 1. 888

3d7 (6 2 F)4s a »F 3 40534. 18: 3d7 (a 4 P)4p y

3 P° 0 46672. 57

229. 32

-174. 755

X 3

2

40871. 46

41178. 36 -306. 90 12

46901. 892

46727. 137

1. 600

1. 444

3d® 4s (6 4 P)4p z ®S° 2 40895. 022 1. 985 3d7 (a 4 P)4p u ®D° 4 46720. 85 -24. 18 - 143. 55

-288. 67

5. 73

1. 341

3d® 4s (b 4 P)4p x «P° 3 42582. 76 -327. 07

-219. 22

1. 650

32

46745. 08

46888. 582

1. 397

1. 260

2

1 42859. 829

43079. 05

1. 822

2. 464

10

47177. 25

47171. 52:

1. 410

3d® 48 (a 4 H)4

p

y*G° 6 42784. 887 197 1. 342 357(0 2 G)4p z

3 F° 4 46889. 207 1. 344

5442911. 918

43022. 998 -111. 080

-114. 513

-72. 533

1. 203

1. 024

3

2

47092. 776

47197. 074 - 104. 298 1. 1590. 743

3 43187. 511 0. 905

2 48210. 044 0. 331 3d® 4s (a 4 H)4p z

3H° 6 46982. 383 -26. 045

-98. 116

1. 200

e

7 D

5 47008. 428 1. 060

3d® 4s (a ®D)5s 5 42815. 855 - 347. 472

-271. 306 - 198. 902

-130. 447

1. 585 4 47106. 544 0. 880

4 43163. 327 1. 655

3

2

1

43434. 633

43633. 535

43763. 982

1. 755

2. 009

3. 002

3d7 (a 4 F)5s e ®F 54

32

47005. 510

47377. 967

47755. 538

48036. 667

-372. 457

-377. 571

-281. 129

-184. 656

1. 421

1. 331

1. 236

0. 991

3d® 4s (o 4 H)4p z ®H° 7 1 48221. 323 0. 007

6

5 43321. 12: 42991. 66 329. 46

-117. 28

-217. 04

1. 054 357 (a 4 P)4p w 3 D° 3 47017. 239 -118. 903

-135. 953

1. 346

4 48108. 944 0. 871 2 47186. 142 1. 216

3 48325. 98 0. 509 1 47272. 095 0. 767

3d® 4s (b 4 P)4

p

w ®D° 4 43499. 54 -423. 16 -260. 94

-227. 54

-47. 78

1. 492 3d® 4s (a 4 G)4p w ®G° 6 47363. 39 -56. 84

169 84

1. 306

3 43922. 70 1. 481 5 47420. 28 1. 305

2 441 83. 64 1. 533 4 47590. 07 103 22 1. 145

10

44411- 18

44458. 96

1. 315 32

47693. 289

47831. 20 -137. 91 0. 9310. 472

3d® 4s (6 4 F)4p w ®F° 5 44243. 67

221. 12 - 143. 69

-119. 24

-92. 94

1. 382 1° 2 47419. 72 1. 137

4 44022. 55 1. 444

3 441 66. 24 1. 351 3d7 (a 2 G)4p: z

4 G° 4 47452. 770 1. 025

2 44285. 48 1. 117

1 44378. 42: 0. 283 357 (a 4 P)4p y

3 S° 1 47555. 63 1. 884

3d® 4s (b 4 F)4p v ®D° 4 44415. 13 -136. 31 -112. 69 -96. 66

-66. 13

1. 401 3d® 4s (a 4 G)4p v ®F° 5 47606. 10 323 94 1. 317

3 44551. 44 1. 386 4 47930. 04 192 93 1. 264

2 44664. 13 1. 378 3 48122. 97 115 93 1. 236

1 44760. 79 1. 389 2 48238. 90S -111. 72 1. 267

0 44826. 92 1 48350. 62 0. 230

3cP(a 4 P)4

p

y ®S° 2 44511. 86 1. 888 3d® 4s (b 4 F)4p x

3 G° 3 47834. 26 22 08 0. 668

4 47812. 18

22. 44 1. 061

3d® 4s(a «D)5s e ®D 4 44677. 010 -384. 324

-272. 546

-175. 275

-85. 929

1. 502 5 47834 622 1. 203

3 45061. 334 1. 508

2 45333. 880 1. 503 357 (a 4 F)5s e

3 F 4 47960. 973 -570. 923

-396. 527

1. 288

10

45509. 155

45595. 084

1. 518 3

2

48531. 896

48928. 423

1. 107

0. 622

3d® 4s (6 4 P)4p x

3 D° 3 45220. 738 -61. 151 -269. 944

1. 352 3d7 (a 4 P)4p v ®P° 3 47966. 68 IQfi Sfi 1. 646

2 45281. 889 1. 200 2 48168. 49 -126. 40 1. 740

1 45551. 838 0. 556 1 48289. 89 2. 213

3d® 48 (o 4 H)4p y

3 G° 5 45294- 86 -133. 60 -134. 570

1. 207 w *G° 5 48231. S3 130 59 1. 27: 4 45428. 456 1. 053 4 48361. 92 -113. 82 0. 934

3 45563. 026 0. 765 3 48475. 74 0. 584
52

Fe I—Continued Fe I—Continued

Config. Desig J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d8 4s (6 4 P)4p x

3 P° 2 4^504. 707 -211. 44

56. 03

1. 263 3d8 4s (a 8 D)5p u 5F° 5 51016. 72: 7fi

10

48516. 15

48460. 12

1. 547 4

3 51381. 4851619. 14: -237. 66

-208. 45

-118. 27 3d7 (a 2 G)4

p

2

1 H° 5 48882. 63 1. 018

2

1 51827. 59: 51945. 86: 3d7 (a 2 H)4p: y ‘G0 4 48702. 57 1. 063 3d8 4s (a 4 G)4p: x

3 H° 6 51023. 19 -45. 58 1. 161

5 51068. 77 1. 038

2° 2 49052. 93 4 3d8 4s (5 4 F)4p w S F° 4 49108. 94 134 01

1. 181 3d8 4s (a 8 D)5p t

6 D° 4 51076. 68 -284. 78

-268. 61 9nfi »n

1. 486

32

49242. 950

49433. 18 -190. 23 1. 165

0. 677

3251861. 46

51630. 07: 3d8 4s(6 4 F)4p v

3 D° 3 49135. 08 - 107. 60 -54. 98

1. 211

10

51836. 87: 61941. 76: -104. 89

2 49242. 68 0. 954

1 49297. 66 0. 562 3d8 4s (a 8 D)4d /

5F 5 51103. 237 -358. 470

-142. 439 - 100. 906

-49. 482

1. 384

3° 3 49227. 16

4

3

2

51461. 707

51604. 146

51705. 052

1. 355

0. 967

3d7 (a 2 G)4p y *H° 6 49434- 20 -170. 25

-122. 61

1. 17: 1 51754. 534

5 49604- 45 1. 075

3d8 4s (a 4 49727. 058 0. 929 8 D)4d e ®S 2 51148. 892 1. 952

3d7 (a 2 G)4p t> 3 G° 5 49460. 92 -167. 00

-222. 69

1. 163 3d8 4s(a 4 G)4p: v

3 F° 2 51201. S3 1fi8 Q7 0. 803

4

3

49627. 92

49850. 61

0. 914

0. 763

34

51365. SO

5ISO4. 65

-60. 65 1. 096

1. 122

z >D° 2 49477. 10 0. 92: 3d8 4s (a 4 D)5s e

3 D 3 51294. 262 A. A.*. 709 1. 345

2 51739. 964 -299. 975 1. 125

3d8 4s (a 8 D)5p x

7 P° 4 49558. 5 94fi 4

1 52039. 939 0. 801

3 49804- 9 -241. 0

2 50045. 9 3d8 4s (0 4 D)5s g

6 D 4 51350. 505 1. 487 -420. 072

-279. 24

-164. 51 -43. 00

3 51770. 577 1. 492

3d7 (a 2 D)4p: w 3 P° 0

12

49951. 36

50043. 25

50186. 87

91. 89

143. 62 1. 389

1. 469

2

10

52049. 82

52214. 33

52257. 33

1. 57:

3d8 4s (a 8 D)4d e

7 F 6

54

50342. 180

50833. 485

51192. 320

-491. 305

-358. 835

43. 45

1. 490

1. 505

1. 617

3d7 (a 2 H)4p u 3 G° 54

3

51373. 96

51668. 22

51825. 80

-294. 26

-157. 58

1. 140

1. 067

0. 801

3 51148. 87 1. 499

0. 953 2 51331. 090 — 182. 22

123! 05

4° 4 51409. 18

1 51208. 04 2. 490

51435. 90: 0

5° 3

3d8 4s(o ®D)4d /

7 D 54

32

1

50377. 92

50808. 053

50861. 85

50998. 686

51048. 10

-430. 13 -53. 80

—136. 84 -49. 41

1. 510

1. 574

1. 844

3d8 4s (a 8 D)4d

3d8 4s (0 8 D)5p

e

7 S

6° u

5 P°

3

53

2

51570. 16

51630. 23

51691. 98: 51945. 31: -253. 33

-165. 0

1. 92:

1. 061

/

8 D

1 62110. 3: 2. 633

3d8 4s (a 8 D)4d 4 50423. 185 — 111 250 1. 514

3

2 50534. 43550698. 666 -164. 231

-181. 486 - 100. 87

1. 615

1. 614

3d? {a 2 P)4p y *D° 2 51708. 33 1. 025

1 50880. 152 1. 662 70 2 51756. 16

0 50981. 02

x >D° 2 51762. 12 0. 883

3d8 4s(a 8 D)4d e

7 P 4

3

2

50475. 32

50611. 303

50861. 32

-135. 98

-250. 02

1. 585

1. 687 3d8 4s (a 8D)4d e

8P 32

51837. 279

52067. 45

-230. 17

47. 74

1. 664

1 52019. 706 2. 432

3d8 4s (a *D)4d e

fl G 6

54

3

50522. 94

50703. 912

50979. 627

51219. 059

-180. 97

-275. 715

-239. 432

-151. 125

1. 351

1. 360

1. 238

1. 294

3d7 (a 2 P)4p u 3 D° 3

2

1

51969. 14

52296. 96

62512. 46

-327. 82

-215. 50

1. 306

1. 156

0. 700

2 51370. 184 0. 953

3d7 (a 2 D)4p: t

3 D° 1? 52180. 82 502 11

0. 801

3d7(a 2 G)4p: 2

1 F° 3 50586. 89 1. 018 2

3

52682. 93

52213. 29 -469. 64 1. 145

1. 317

x 1 G° 4 50614. 02 0. 978 3d7 {a 2H)4p w 3 H° 6 52431. 47 181 61

1. 177

3d8 4s(a 8 D)4d 6

7 G 7 50651. 76: -316. 11 -260. 722 - 106. 34

-125. 59

-79. 24

-27. 09

54

52613. 08

62768. 78 -155. 70 1. 033

0. 810

6 50967. 873 l. 415

5 51228. 595 1. 379 3d7 (a 2 H)4p y

* 1

° 7 52655. 04'. 141 45 1. 147

4

3

51334. 94

51460. 53

1. 338

1. 244

6

5

52518. 59

52899. 06 -385. 47 1. 019

0. 830

2 51539. 77

1 51566. 86 -0. 374 3<F(a 2 P)4p x

3S° 1 52857. 84 1. 246
53

Fe I—Continued Fe I—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d7 (a 2 P)4p: v *P° 2 52916. S3 -892. 04 1. 495 3d7 (a 4 F)4d / *F 4 54683. 39 -441. 58

-253. 868

1. 141

1 58808. 37 1. 418 3 55124. 974 1. 071

0 2 55378. 842 0. 676

s

3 D° 3 52958. 68: -321. 59 1. 231 w *G° 4 54810. 82 1. 001

2 53275. 27

1 3d7 (a 4 F)4d e *P 2 54879. 720 -496. 397

-350. 42

1. 459

1 55376. 117 1. 459

3d7 (a 4 F)4d g «F 5 53061. 28 -332. 44

-437. 24

-426. 56

-128. 64

0 55726. 54: 4

3

2

1

53393. 715

53830. 96

54257. 52

54386. 16

* »H° 4

56

55446. 06

55429. 89

55489. 81 -16. 17

59. 92

0. 804

1. 057

1. 169

3<F(a s H)4p z »I° 6 53098. 60 1. 010 x >H° 5 55525. 58 1. 018

3d7 (a 4 F)4d A ®D 4 53155. 13 7K 1. 435 3d7 (a 2 D)4p: w 1 D° 2 55754. 29 0. 990

3

2

1

53545. 882

53966. 720

54132. 48

-420. 838

-165. 76 w 1 F° 3 55790. 72 0. 908

0 s

3 G° 5 55907. 22

1. 66

-192. 29

1. 145

3d7 (a 4 F)4d /•P 3 53160. 53 -408. 19 -356. 54

4

3 55905. 56

56097. 85 0. 857

2

1 53568. 7253925. 26 3d® 4s (6 2 H)4p: u

3 H° 6 56334- 01 -48. 68 -40. 64

1. 166

5 56382. 69 1. 029

3d7 (a 4 F)4d /*G 6 53169. 21 -112. 53

-487. 285

-392. 162

-214. 537

1. 323 4 56423. S3 0. 859

5 53281. 735 1. 221

4 53769. 020 3d® 4s (a ®D)5d 1 5 56428. 06

3 54161. 182 1. 142

2 54375. 719 3d® 4s (a ®D)5d 2 4,5 56452. 04

3d1 (a 2 P)4

p

z JP° 1 53229. 94- 1. 266 3d7 (a 2 D)4p: u

3 F° 4 56592. 76 -190. 57 -75. 32

1. 148

3 56783. 33 1. 077

3d7 (a 4 F)4d €

6 H 7 53275. 20: -77. 82

-521. 28

-362. 90

-253. 88

1. 30: 2 56858. 65 0. 687

6 53353. 02: 1. 191

5 53874. 30: 1. 102 3d® 4s (a ®D)5d 3 4 56842. 70

4 54237. 20 0. 90: 3 54491. 08 0. 484 v *G° 4 56951. 27 1. 053

9° 4 53828. 87 3d® 4s (6 2H)4p *

3 I° 7 57027. 56: -42. 69

-34. 01

1. 145

3d® 4s (6 4 D)4p i ®P° 3 58888. 68: -723. 62

-158. 81

6

5 57070. 2557104. 26

1. 028

0. 832

2

1 54112. SO54271. 11

1. 70:

t 3 F° 4 57550. 09 -90. 97

-67. 70

1. 235

3 57641. 06

y

X F° 3 53661. 13 1. 21: 2 57708. 76 0. 698

3d»(a 3 H)4p

3d7 (a 4 F)4d

y *H°

e *G

5

5

53722. 44

53739. 488 -327. 08

-312. 87

1. 03:

1. 248

3d® 4s (0 4 D)4d i *D 4

3

2

1

57697. 59

57813. 97

57974. 16 -116. 38

-160. 19

1. 384

1. 415

4 54066. 57 1. 096 0

3 54379. 44 0. 842

3d® 4s (a ®D)7s h 7 D 5 57897. 17 3d7 (a 4 F)4d /»

3 53747. 547 -319. 274

-382. 51

1. 258 4

2

1 54066. 821

54449. 33

3

2

1 * 1 F° 3 53763. 28 1. 079

3d® 4s (a 4 D)4d g

6 G 6 58001. 88 — 269 62 1. 40:

3d® 4s (a ®D)6s g

r D 54

3

2

1

53800. 90

54124. 62

54413. 74: 54611. 72

54747. 74:

-323. 72 -289. 12 -197. 98 - 136. 02

1. 586

1. 65:

3d® 4s (0 4 D)4d 4

54

32

2

58271. 50: 58520. 18: 58710. 09: 58824. 81

58213. 17

-248. 68

-189. 91 -114. 72

0. 343

3d7 (a 4 F)4d e *H 6 53840. 68: -426. 08

-288. 69

1. 225 r

3 G° 5 59926. 62: — 245 44 1. 190

54

54266. 76: 54555. 45:1. 109

0. 871

4

3 60172. 06

60364 76: - 192. 70 1. 030

0. 780

3d® 4s(6 4 D)4d: 10°(®D°?) 3 53891. 54 1. 476 t

3 H° 6 60865. 70: -183. 48

-208. 50

1. 163

3d® 4s(o 4 G)4p: f »G° 5

4

53983. 30

64287. 46

-254. 16 -362. 89

1. 234

1. 183

54 60549. 18

60757. 68

1. 040

0. 805

3 64600. 85 0. 922 q

3 G° 5 60677. 23: 77 48

11° 3 54004. 82

4

3 60754. 71

60806. 72

-52. 01

3d® 4s (6 4 D)4d: 12°(®F°?) 5 54018. 78 1. 356

13° 4 54801. 36 Fe 11 (a ®D4h) Limit 63700

May 1949.
54

Fe i Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3

p

9 +

Observed Terms

3d9 4s1 |

a*P

a *D

6 *D

6

3 D

6*F b

3 G

6»G

a

3 H

a 7 I

3d® c

3 F

ns (n> 4) np (n>4)

3

d

9 4s (a 9 D)nx e, (7, A

7 D

e

5 D

o

o z

7 D°

z, 1 5 D° z, z

7 F°

u

5 F°

3

d

7 (o 4 F)nx

a, e

8 F

a, e

3 F

y

6 D°

y

3 D°

y

8 F°

y

3 F°

z

8 G°

z

3 G°

3d9 4s (a 4D)nx g*D

e

3 D

!/ 5P°

z

3 P°

x

5D°

z

3 D°

x

5F°

z

3 F°

3eP(a *F)nx / a

6 P

\ b

3 P

y

5 S° v*s°

V

8 P°

y

3 P° u ®D° w 3 D°

3d7 (a 2 G)«x

a *G

a 7 G

x *F°

z iF°:

v

3 G° y3 H°

z 1G°: z 1H°

3d7 (a 2 P)nx /

c

3 P

\ a

4 P

x

3 S° v

3 P°-

z ip° u *D°

y

X D°

3<F(o 2 H)nx {

b*H

a X H

u 3 G° w *H°

y >G°: y »H°

y

*1° z ip

3d7 (a 2 D)wx

{

a *D

a J D

w *P°: t *D°: w !D°: u *F°:

3d* 4s (6 4 P)nx

{

z

8S°

z

3 S°

x «P° X 3 P°

u>

8 D°

x *D°

3d9 4s(a 4 H)7ix

{ y

8 G° z8H°

y

3 G° z3 H° z *1°

3d9 4s (ft 4 F)nx

{

v

8 D°

v *D°

tc 8 F° w 3 F°x 8 G°

x 3 G°

3d* 4s2 (a 9S) nx

{ y

7 P°

U> 8P°

3d9 4s (a 4 G)nx

{

V 5F°

t; *F°: w 8 G°

t

3 G°: x 3 H°:

3d9 4s (b 2 H)nx u 3 H°: X®I°

3d9 4s (b 4 D)nx t

8P°

3d7(b 2 F)nx

{

i *F

a *FJ

nd (n> 4)

3d9 4s (a 9 D)rcx f /

e

7S

\ e

8S

c

7 P

e

8 P

/

7 D e7 F

/

5 D /8 F

e

7 G

e *G

3d7 (a 4 F)*x

{

/

8 P

e *P

h

5 D g5 F

/

3 D /8 F

/

9 G e *H

e

3 G c3 H

3d9 4s (o 4 D)nx i *D g ®G

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Fe i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. u, Introduction.
Fe n

55

(Mn i sequence; 25 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d

6 4s6D4^

a ®D4^ 130524 cm-1

I. P. 16.18 volts

The early work on this spectrum by Meggers, Kiess, and Walters, and Russell was greatly

extended by Dobbie, who in 1938 published a list of some 1,300 classified lines based on his

observations covering the range between 2150 A and 6627 A. The fisted terms are chiefly

from this paper, supplemented by additional terms by Edlen and L. C. Green. A correction

of 0.02 cm-1 has been subtracted from all of Dobbie’s values (1938) in order to start with the

ground state zero. In the course of his work on Fern, Edlen has extended the analysis of

Fe ii and communicated 33 new terms in advance of publication. L. C. Green has observed

the spectrum in the ultraviolet from 896 A to 2495 A, classified more than 450 lines, and published 57 levels. The arbitrary numbers he assigned to the miscellaneous levels are repeated

here. For some of these levels two J-values are fisted, denoting that the observed combinations

do not indicate which of the two is correct. Edlen has been able to improve the values of some

levels found by Green.

Two differences in interpretation have been handled as follows: Green’s revision of Dobbie’s

incomplete / ®D term as part of e

6F has been adopted; Dobbie’s e6P term, whose components

are assigned numbers by Green, has been retained.

With four exceptions, the configurations are from Dobbie (1935 paper), Edlen, or Green.

Russell in his investigation of the Fe i spectrum assigns b

2F to 3d7 (instead of 3d

6 (a 1 F)4s);

c

2F to 3d

e (a :F)4s; and d2D to 3d7

. The writer has tentatively suggested the configuration

of e

4H as 3d6 (a 3H)5s.

The limit from Dobbie’s 1934 paper, 130978, is an average value based on the 4D and 0D

terms from 3d

6 (a 6D)ns (n= 4,5). He used a Rydberg formula and corrected the results empirically to conform to a Ritz formula, as suggested by Russell. From a study of related spectra in

which long series are known, Russell has suggested a further correction of —454 cm-1

, which

has been adopted here.

The ^-values have been determined by Miss Weeks from films of the Zeeman effect of

Fe i automatically recorded from plates taken with the Bitter magnet at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology. Harrison generously supplied this observational material, and Miss

Weeks derived the observed ^-values especially for inclusion here.

REFERENCES

J. C. Dobbie, Phys. Rev. 45, 76 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. C. Dobbie, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 151, No. 874, 703 (1935). (T)

J. C. Dobbie, Ann. Solar Phys. Obs. Cambridge 5, Part 1, pp. 1-58 (1938). (T) (C L)

B. Edl6n, unpublished material (Aug. 1938). (T) L. C. Green, Phys. Rev. 55, 1211 (1939). (T) (C L)

H. N. Russell and C. E. Moore, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 34, Part 2, 117, 118 (1944). B. Edl&i, Letter (Nov. 1947). (T) (C L) D. W. Weeks, unpublished material (May 1949). (Z E)

H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 619 (1950). (I P)
56

Fe n Fe n

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d6 (a ®D)4s a 8 D 4/2 0. 00 -384. 77 -282. 87

-194. 99

-114. 40

1. 58 3d6 (a ! D)4s c 2 D 2/ 38164. 24 -50. 26 3/2 384. 77 1. 58 1/2 38214. 50

2/

I/2 O/2

667. 64

862. 63

977. 03

1. 655

1. 862

3. 31 3d6 (a ®D)4p z «D° 4/

3/

2/

88^58. 99

88660. 04

88858. 96

-201. 05

-198. 92 3d7 a 4 F 4y2 1872. 60 -557. 48

407 86

1. 33 1/2 89013. 28 154. 32 3/ 2430. 08 1. 223 O /2 89109. 34 — 96. 06 2 /

1/2 2837. 94

3117. 48 -279. 54 1. 02

0. 385 3d8 (a ®D)4p z 6F° 5/2 41968. 11 -146. 68

-122. 26

-97. 81 -66. 47

-38. 55

3d8 (a ®D)4s a 4 D 3 / 7955. 24 -436. 68

988

1. 419

4/

3/

42114. 79

42237. 05 2X 8391. 92 1. 365 2/ 42334. 86

1/2 8680. 47 -166. 29 1. 200 1/2 42401. S3 0/ 8846. 76 -0. 05 0/ 42439. 88

3d? a 4 P 2 / 13474. 43 -198. 78

-231. 66

1. 609 3d6 (a ®D)4p 2 e P° 3/ 42658. 23 -580. 38

-382. 37 1 / 13673. 21 1. 737 2/ 43238. 61 0/ 13904. 87 2. 67 1/2 48620. 98

3d? a 2 G 4/2 15844. 71 -524. 68 3d8 (a ®D)4p 2 4 F° 4/ 44232. 51 -521. 31 -326. 09

-209. 93

3/2 16369. 39 3/ 44758. 82

3d7 o 2 P 0/

18360. 65

18886. 75 -526. 10

1. 28

2/

I/2 45079. 91 45289. 84 a 2 H

3d8 (a ®D)4p 2 4 D° 3/ 44448. 89 -337. 89

-259. 43

-162. 28

3cP 5 /

4/

20340. 36

20805. 83

-465. 47

0. 92

2/i /2 44784. 78

45044- 21 2 / O/2 45206. 49

3d7 a 2 D 20516. 98 -791. 10

1. 22

1/2 21308. 08 3d6 (a »F)4s c 2 F 3/

2/

44915. 07

44929. 59

-14. 52

3d8 (a 3 P)4s

b 4 P 2 / 20830. 52 -981. 52

-597. 78

1. 583

1/2 21812. 04 1. 720 3d6 (a ®D)4p 2 4 P° 2/ 46967. 47 -422. 35

-236. 32 0/ 22409. 82 2. 68 IX 47389. 82 0/ 47626. 14

3d8 (a ®H)4s a 4 H 6/2 21251. 55 -178. 84

-151. 25

-130. 25

1. 20

IX2/ 5/

4/

21430. 39

21581. 64

1. 119

0. 951 3d7 d 2 D 47674. 78

48039. 23 364. 45

3/2 21711. 89 0. 661

3d8 (6 3 P)4s c 4 P oy2 49101. 09

405. 90

705. 94

66. 83

45. 02

-30. 34

3d9 (a 3 F)4sb 4 F 4/ 22637. 19 -173. 14 - 129. 02

-91. 95

1. 307 1/2 49506. 99

3/

2/2 1H

22810. 33

22939. 35

23031. 30

1. 210

1. 019

0. 398 3d9 (6 3 F)4s c 4 F

2/

ix

50212. 93

50076. 10

3d® 4s2 a °S 2/ 23317. 60 1. 996

2/2

3/2 4/2

50142. 93

50187. 95

50157. 61 3d8 (a 3 G)4s a 4 G 5/2 25428. 80 -376. 52

-176. 33

-73. 75

1. 237

3d6 (6 4/ 3 P)4s

3/

25805. 32

25981. 65

1. 15

0. 98 c 2 P oy2 1/2 54063. 5354902. 42 838. 89

2/ 26055. 40 0. 574

3d® 4s(a 7 S)4p 2«P° 4/2 3d8 (a 3 P)4s b 2 P 1/2 0/

25787. 60

26932. 74 -1145.14 1. 330. 67

3/

2/ } 54490. 2

3d6 (o 3 H)4s

b 2 H 5/ 26170. 19 -182. 61

1. 09 3d6 (6 3 F)4s d 2 F 2/ 54870. 62

33. 88 4/ 26352. 80 0. 927 3/ 54904. 50

3d8 (a 3 F)4s a 2 F 3/ 27314. 93 -305. 46 1. 129 3d8 (6 *G)4$ d 2 G 4 X 58631. 65 -34. 71 2/ 27620. 39 0. 851 3y2 58666. 36

3d8 (a 3 G)4s

b 2 G 4/ 30388. 55 -375. 91

-3. 98

23. 51

95. 22

1. 10 3d9 (a 3 P)4p z 4 S° IX 59663. 45

3d8 (a 3 D)4s

b 4 D

3/O /2

30764. 46

31368. 45

0. 898 3d® 4s2 c 4 D 3}{ 2 /

60270. 37

60445. 28 -174. 91

4. 23

1H 56. 59 2/

31364. 47

31387. 98 1. 327

IX

0/2 60441. 05

60384. 46

3/ 31483. 20 1. 41 3d6 (a 3 P)4p y'P° 2X 60402. 38 930 44 3d? 6 2 F 2/

3/

31811. 87

31999. 12 187. 25 0. 861. 124 IX

0/2 61332. 82

61035. 37 297. 45

3d* (a *I)4s a 2 1 6/ 32875. 63 -34. 24

-34. 82

1. 062 3d8 (a 3 H)4p z 4 G° 5X 60625. 47 1 fit fii

3d8 (a *G) 4s c 2 G

5/

4/

3/

32909. 87

33466. 50

33501. 32

0. 92

1. 099

0. 88 4X

3/2 2/2

60807. 28

60956. 82

61041- 78

-149. 54 -84. 96

3d8 (a 3 D) 4s

3d9 (a 1 S)4s

b 2 D a 2 S

1/2 2/O/2

36126. 41

36252. 96

37227. 32

126. 55

0. 799

1. 179

2. 06 3d8 (tt 3 H)4p 2 4 H° 6 y2 5/2 4/2

3/2

60887. 59

60887. 66

60989. 48

61156. 90

-50. 07

-101. 82 - 167. 42

Obs. g

1. 176

0. 79

1. 542

1. 584

1. 653

1. 86

3. 35

1. 43

1. 399

1. 304

1. 04

-0. 647

1. 702

1. 869

2. 398

1. 32

1. 29

1. 069

0. 445

1. 40

1. 35

1. 15 -0. 021

1. 592

1. 717

2. 70

1. 89

1. 58

1. 74

2. 613

1. 24

1. 155

0. 969

0. 799

0. 720
57

Fe n—Continued Fe II—Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g. Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d6 (a 3 P)4p z

2 D° 2/2 61098. U - 1032.22 1. 01 3d® (a *I)4p z

2 K° 6K 70986. 69

446. 06 1. 05 IK 62125. 66 1. 019 7K 71432. 75

3d®(a 3 H)4p z*r 7K 61347. 44 -180. 15 -59. 65

74. 57

3d®(a 3 D)4p u>

4 P° 2K 71964- 81 -78. 40

-169. 89 6/2 61527. 59 IK 72043. 21 1. 66 5K

4K

61587. 24

61512. 67

OK 72213. 10

x

2 H° 4K 72180. 44 131. 39 0. 91

3d® (a 3 P)4p y

4 D° 3K 61726. 09 Qfi 3 87 1. 411 5K 72261. 83 1. 08

2K 62689. 96 -272. 30

133. 10

1. 349

IK 62962. 26 1. 14 3d® (a 3 D)4p w 4 F° IK 72169. 15

69. 48

113. 54

298. 46

OK 62829. 16 2H 72238. 68

3d® (a 7 S)4p y

6 P° IK 61975. 11

74. 06

122. 59

3H

4K

72352. 17

72650. 63

2K 62049. 17 3K 62171. 76 1. 68 3d® (a 3 D)4p w 4 D° 01/2 72429. 74

94. 88

94. 99

32. 30 y

4 F° 4K

IK 72524- 62

3d® (a 3 F)4p 62158. 19

92. 62

-86. 04

-92. 96

1. 33 2K 72619. 61 3K 62065. 57 1. 198 3K 72651. 91

2

2 G°

2K

IK

4K

62151. 61 62244 57

1. 025

0. 43 3d® (a 3 D)4p? x

2 F° 3K

2K

73016. S3

73054. 97 -38. 64

3

6 (a 3 H)4p

3d®(a 3 H)4p

62088. 17

62322. 50 -239. 33 1. 0973d® (a *G)4p w 2 G° -51. 78

0. 91 3K

6K

4/2 3K

78091. 70

73143. 48

2

2 T° 62293. 20 -369. 10 1. 069

5K 62662. 80 0. 910 3d°(o 3 D)4p y

2 P° ok

IK

73187. 46

73189. 16 1. 70

3d® (a 3 F)4p i (D° 3K 62945. 12 -327. 91 -192. 16 -94. 37

1. 385

2K

IK

63273. 03

63465. 19

1. 351

1. 21 w 2 H° 5K

4K2 73603. 58

73751. 34 - 147. 81 OK 63559. 56 0. 013

3d® (a 3 F)4p y

4 G° 5K

3d® (a !l)4p y

2 I° 6K 78966. 94 -2. 77 63876. 38 -72. 46

-92. 12 -46. 54

1. 24 5J4 73969. 71 4K 68948. 84 1. 15 3K 64040. 96 0. 975 3d® (a 3 D)4p x

2 D° IK 74498. 15

108. 82 2K 64087. 50 0. 617 2K 74606. 97

3d® (a 3 F)4p 2

2 F° 3K 64286. 44 -139. 02 1. 135 w 2 F° 3K 75600. 98 -314. 28 1. 125 2K 64425. 46 0. 82 2K 75915. 21 0. 844

3d® (a 3 P)4p 2

2 P° OK 64806. 52

27. 60 3d® (a ! S)4p x 2 P° IK 76129. 58 -447. 92 1. 34

IK 64834- 12 1. 329 ok 76577. 50

3d® (a 3 F)4p 2/ 2 G° 4K 64882. 00 -277. 71 1. 101 3d®ta ! D)4p v

2 F° 2}i 77742. 78

394. 75 3K 65109. 71 0. 896 3K 78137. 53 1. 13

3d® (a 3 H)4pf z}H° 5K

4/2 65363. 66

65556. 34 — 192. 68 1. 066

0. 913

3d® (a 5 D)5$ e ®D 4K

3K

2}i

77861. 47

78237. 54

78525. 27 -376. 07

-287. 73

3d«(a 3 G)4p a:

4 G° 5 K

4K

65580. 09

65696. 11 -116. 02

-235. 35 - 146. 88

IK

OK

78725. 61

78843. 72 — 200. 34

-118. 11

3d®(a 3 G)4p

3K

2K

65981. 46

66078. 34

1. 00

0. 62 3d®(a J D)4p w 2 D° 1 K

2K

78487. 25

78690. 98 203. 73 x

4 F° 4K 66012. 83 -364. 54 - 144. 95 -90. 42

3K

2K

IK

66377. 87

66522. 32

66612. 74

1. 21

1. 02

3d®(a ! D)4p

3d5 4s (a 5S)4p

w 2 P°

X®P°

OK

IK

IK

78841. 97

79243. 73

79246. 13

401. 76

38. 97

46. 39 3d® (a 3 P)4p 2

2 S° OK 66248. 67 2K

3K

79285. 10

79381. 49

3d®(a 3 G)4p 2/ 4 H° 6K 66411. 70 -51. 89

-125. 58

-83. 22

3d® (a 5 D)5s e

4 D 3K 79439. 30 -446. 02

-292. 55 -168. 04

5K

4K

3K

66463. 59

66589. 17

66672. 89

1. 13

0. 959

0. 69

2K

IK

OK

79885. 32

80177. 87

80345. 91

3d® (a 3 F)4p

3d«(a 3 G)4p?

3d5 4s (a 5S) 4p

y

2 D°

2/

2 H°

x

4 P°

2K

IK

5K

4K

2K

67000. 63

67273. 86

67516. 37

68000. 82

69102. 69

-273. 23

-484. 45

-199. 66 -124. 92

1. 16

0. 719

1. 07

0. 907

3d®(a 5 D)4d e «F 5K

4K

3K

2K

IK

OK

82853. 5

82978. 9 83136. 5

83308. 4

83459. 7

83558. 5

-125. 4 -157. 6 -171. 9 -151. 3 -98. 8 IK

OK

69302. 35

69427. 27

3d® (a ! F)4p v

2 G° 3K

4K

83805. 37

83871. 31 565. 94

3d®(o 3 G)4p? 2/ 2 F° 3K 69606. 64 -43. 90 1. 13 3d®(a*D)4d? 30 («D) 3y2 83713. 3

3d«(o 3 G)4p x 2 G°

2K 69650. 54 0. 857

3d«(a 5 D)4d 6 ®P 3K 83726. 24 -540. 24

-60: 43- 4K

3K

70S14. 74

70528. 73 -208. 99 1. 11

0. 87 1 2K

IK

84266. 48

84326. 91
58

Fe II—Continued Fe II—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g.

3d«(a ®D)4d? 32 (®D) 2y2 83812. 1

3d® (a »F)4

p

t/ 2 D° 2y2 i X

88868. 65

84859. 90 -491. 25

3d® (a ®D)4d? 33 («D) itt 83989. 7

3d® (a ®D)4d e «G 6H

5y2 4/2 3/2

2/2

1/2

84035. 09

84296. 70

84527. 89

84710. 66

84844. 81 84938. 13

-261. 61 -231. 19 -182. 77

-134. 15 -93. 32

1. 33

3d«(o ®D)4d? 34 (®D) / 1/

1 0/2 } 84131. 2

3d® (a ®D)4d f*D 3/2 2/

1/2 0X

84685. 16 84870. 84

85048. 56

85172. 77

-185. 68

-177. 72 -124. 21

3d® (a *D)4d e

4 G 5y2 4/2 3 /

2/

84863. 14

85184. 69

85462. 78

85679. 64

-321. 55 -278. 09

-216. 86

1. 27

3d«(o ®D)4d e

4 F 4/4 3H

2/2

1/2

86124. 14

86416. 22

86599. 66

86710. 84

-292. 08

-183. 44

-111. 18

1. 29

3d«(b 3 P)4p v

4 D° 0}4

1/2 2/

3/2

86888. 98

86544 14

86767. 87

86929. 92

155. 16

223. 73

162. 05

3d® (a »F)4p u 2 F° 3/

2/2 86482. 75

86547. 55 -64. 80

3d® (a 5 D)5p y *F° 5 /

4/2 3/2 2/

I/2 0/

87840. 4

87470. 8

87586. 9

87571. 8

87601. 9

87635. 2

-130. 4 -66. 1 -34. 9 -30. 1 -33. 3

1°(®P°) 3/ 88208. 6

2°(®P°) 3H 89127.7

3°(®P°) 2/ 89443. 7 4°(«P°) 89625. 0

5° 3J4 90300. 0

6° / 4/

1 3/2 |

90885.5

8°(4 P°) J 1 H

t O/2 |

90828.4

9°(4 P°) 1 / 90898. 2

10°(4 P°) J 2/

\ I/2 |

90981.5

11° 2/ 91067. 1 w ®P° 3H

2K

1/2

91167. 8

91574- 8

91843. 1 -407. 5 -268. 3

3d® 4s (a ®G)4p x

4H° 3/

4H

534 6/

92089. 41

92116. 98

92166. 81 92250. 27

27. 57

49. 83

83. 46

3d® 4s (a ®G)4p v

4 F° 4/

3/

2/2

I/2

92171. 95

92282. 76

92380. 1 92358. 8

-110. 81 -47. 3 -28. 7

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d®(b 3 F)4p u 2 D° iy2 2/2 92216. 43

92695. 62 479. 20

3d®(5 3 F)4p u 2 G° 4/

3/2 92427. 22

92602. 94 - 175. 72

3d«(6 3 F)4p u

4 F° 1 X

2/

3y2 4y2

98328. 6

93895. 6 98487. 71 93484- 75

67. 0

92. 1 -2. 96

3d® 4s (a ®G)4p w 4 G° 2 /

3 /

4/

5/

93988. 80

94073. 46

94148. 71 94190. 02

85. 16

75. 25

41. 31

14° 2K 94210. 1 15° 3% 94762. 8

3d® 4s(a 3 G)4p v

2 H° 5/

4/

96062. 18

96289. 1 -176. 9

3d®(6 3 F)4p 1

2 F° 2/

3/

96279. 65

96357. 07 77. 42

3d® (a 3 H)5s e

4 H 6y2 5/

4/

3/

98129. 98

98294. 60

98445. 24

98568. 75

-164. 62

-150. 64

-123. 51

3d® (a 3 H)5s e

2 H 5/

4/

99093. 29

99331. 95 -238. 66

3d®(a 3 F)5s /

4 F 4 /

3/

2 /

1 X

99573. 11 99688. 20

99824. 04

99918. 30

-115. 09 - 135. 84

-94. 26

3d® (a 3 F)5s e

2 F 3y2 2 /

100492. 04

100749. 75 -257. 71

3d® (a 3 G)5s /

4 G 5/

4 y2 3/2 2/

102584. 81

3d® (a 3 G) 5s e

2 G 4/

3/

103608. 82

103983. 35 -374. 53

16° 3/ 106868. 2

17° 1 3M

X 2H

}l07165. 6

18° 2/ 107196. 2

20°(«D°) 3% 107886. 6

21°(«D°) f 4X

l 3K ^107964. 7 22°(®D°) 2/ 108180. 6

23°(®D°) 1 X 108191. 6

24° 3y2 108289. 2

25° 108871. 7

26° 3x 108873. 8

3d® (a il) 5s e

2 I 5/

6/

108630. 24

108648. 64 18. 40

27° i/ 108780. 0

28° 1 X 109780. 0

29° 2x 111929. 0

Fe hi (a ®D 4) Limit 130524

April 1950.
59 3

PS&HDH>

Cfi a

oj

cc o0) fa £u

03 H

T3

03>

.Qo wQoe P=4 &=H <3-0QQN N 3^3

fafa

•r Ci 53 53

QQ«

53 0< Al

"538

oo<oV *>

fafa

50 ^Q

*•-*

W O O HH HH

-o« « N M XX XX M M a a

Al o o OO-o- eo o o ooa a O O OO*< eo H H Oo3 oo s8_ a o o

fa fa 0 o

fa fa o ofa fa o o

fa fa ofa ofa 8 a n a *» h a v» s* o No QQ50 o o QQ•"T N O O QQ 0 o QQ oQ oQco M h a 3 » 3 0 O fafa O 0 fafa O O fa Oh

00 50 o o fafa oX O

fa

eo o o fafa a n 3 a H 3 H H o« O O fafaQco8 xHoo3

Al8

XX^ co ^ <0 e-cT oo

'*-» OJ of-o' o oCO"53

fafa * M S'~» «

"O 5J*

fafa «"8 QQ50 *« QQw

*0*0

fafa

*• CO tOtO XX^ <4 « w

QQM

53 +<sa

co • M

bo,2 jqCO c ® O A

Q<N«

CO

53eo

*53 eo Qe

rO "53 co

04

90e

53

CO Xeo

^3CO

fa

90e

to"53 CO H8Oeo3%co

jf

cp3eo

•ef

to "53 CO

"53 eo Qeoe^—%eo O

^8%

eo

CQ8

53

CO Q%eo

co

toa

"8co

fa

a, %eo O

"8eo O

to 8*

to53

CO O

"8CO

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Mni

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

ii,

Introduction.
60

Fe in

(Cr i sequence; 24 electrons) Z—26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3

p

6 3d

6 fi D4

a

5D4 247200 cm-1

I. P. 30.64 volts

The early work on this spectrum was by Bowen and L. C. Green, who found a few multiplets. Later Edlen and Swings published a detailed analysis which includes a remarkably

complete array of terms from the 3d6

, 3d

5 4s, and 3d5 4p configurations. Their observations

extend from about 500 A to 6500 A and their final tables contain some 320 energy levels and

approximately 1500 classified lines. A few revisions and one new level have been furnished

by Glad and entered in page proof.

In the present work the prefixes a, b, . . . z, y, . . . have been adopted throughout

the spectrum, but the notation by Edlen and Swings is given in the first column for con- venience in cross reference. A correction of 0.8 cm-1 has, also, here been added to their

published values of all the levels in order to place the ground state at zero. The terms of all four multiplicities recognized in this spectrum (1, 3, 5, 7), are connected

by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

B. Edl6n and P. Swings, Astroph. J. 95* 532 (1942). (I P) (T) (C L)

S. Glad, unpublished material (Sept. 1951). (T)

Fe III Fe III

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d *D4 3d8 a

6 D 4 0. 0 -436. 2 -302. 7 -193. 5 -94. 9

4s 7 S3 3d8 (a ®S)4s a 7S 3 30088. 84

5 d3 ®d2 *T>i

3

2

1

436. 2

738. 9

932. 4 3d q6 3d8 oil 6 30356. 2

5 D0 0 1027. 3 3d 3 Di

3 D2 3d8 a *D 12

30725. 8

30716. 2 —9. 6

141. 6 3d 3 P2

3 Pi

3d8 a

3 P 2

1 19404. 8

20688. 4 -1283. 6 -520. 1

3 d3 3 30857. 8

3 Po 0 21208. 5 3d »G4 3d8 a »G 4 30886. 4

3d 3 H,

S HS 3d8 o

3 H 6

5 20051. 1 20300. 8

-249. 7 -181. 1 3d iSo 3d8 a iS 0 34812. 4

3 H4 4 20481. 9 3d iD, 3d8 a *D 2 35803. 7

3d 3 F4 3d8 a

3 F 4 21462. 2 -237. 7 -157. 3

4s 8 S2 3d5 (a «S)4s a 8S 2 40999. 87

s f3 3 21699. 9

3 f2 2 21857. 2 3d iF3 3d8 a »F 3 42896. 9

3d 3 G5

3 g4

3 g3

3d8 a

3 G 54

3

24558. 8

24940. 9

25142. 4

-382. 1 -201. 5

3d/3 P0

3 Pi

3 P3

3d8 b *P 0

12

49148

49576. 9

50412. 3

429

835.4
61

Fe III—Continued Fe ill—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d' 3 F2 3d8 b

3 F 2 50184. 9

110. 3 -19. 1

b

3 G3 3d® (a 2 G)4s c

3 G 3 89697. 52

86. 07

124. 26

3 F3

3 f4 34

50295. 2

50276. 1

3 g4

3 Gs 4

5

89783. 59

89907. 85

3d' X G4 3d8 b

X G 4 57221. 7 b3 F2 3d® (a 4 F)4s d *F 2 90423. 68

60. 26 -11. 41

3 F3 3 90483. 94

a ®G# 3d* (a 4 G)4s a ®G 6 63425. 17 -41. 22 -20. 39

-7. 22 -0. 56

3 F4 4 90472. 53

6 G5 *g4 5

4

63466. 39

63486. 78 a 4 Hj 3d® (a 2 H)4s a m 5 92523. 91

6 g3 ®g2 3

2 63494. 0063494. 56 c

3 F4 3d® (6 2 F)4s e *F 4 93388. 75 -3. 70 -20. 48

3 f3 3 93392. 45

a ®P3 3d® (a 4 P)4s a ®P 3 66464. 64 -58. 31 -68. 73

»f2 2 93412. 93

5 p2 2 66522. 95

fi Pi 1 66591. 68 a »G4 3d® (a 2 G)4s cl G 4 93512. 64

a ®D4 3d®(o 4 D)4s b ®D 4 69695. 73 -141. 10 -0. 93

49. 57

40. 79

b

4 F3 3d® (6 2 F)4s c

X F 3 97041. 38

6 d3 3 69836. 83

*d2 2 69837. 76 C

3 D! 3d® (6 2 D)4s d

3 D 1 105895. 35

10. 88

22. 93

5 Di 1 69788. 19 3 D2 2 105906. 23

®D„ 0 69747. 40 »d3 3 105929. 16 a *G5 3d® (a 4 G)4s b

3 G 5 70694. 03 -34. 72

3. 74

b *d2 3d® (6 2 D)4s c

X D 2 109570. 84

3 g4 4 70728. 75

3 G3 3 70725. 01 * ®g2 3d® (a 4 G)4p 2 ®G° 2 113584. 20

21. 17

29. 97

41. 67

62. 61

®g3 3 113605. 37

a

3 P2 3d®(o 4 P)4s c3 P 2 73727. 64 -121. 46

-86. 86

®g4 4 113635. 34

3 Pi

3 Po

10

73849. 10

73935. 96

®g5 ®Ge

5

6 113677. 01 113739. 62

a

3 D3 3d6 (a 4 D)4s b

3 D 3 76956. 79 145 64 c

3 G5 3d® (6 2 G)4s d 3 G 5 114325. 35 -14. 60 -11. 97

3 d2 2 77102. 43

27. 13

3 G4 4 114339. 95

3 D, 1 77075. 30 3 G3 3 114351. 92

a *I7

3 I«

*I 5

3#(a 2I)4s a 3 I 7

6

5

79840. 12

79844. 74

79860. 42

-4. 62

-15. 68

2 ®H 3 s h4 ®h 5

3d® (a 4 G)4p 2 ®H° 34

5

114948. 55

115110. 92

115289. 91

162. 37

178. 99

184. 34

4 167. 98 p

7 P2 7 P3 3d® (a 8S)4p z

7 P° 23

82001. 78

82333. 9j2 332. 19

512. 67

6H#

6H7 6

7 115474. 25115642. 23

7 P4 4 82846. 59

2 ®FS 3d® (a 4 G)4p 2 ®F° 5 116316. 63 -150. 78

-601. 15

93. 51

37. 48

6

3 D3 3 d2 *D,

3d® (a 2 D)4s c

3 D 3

2

1

82382. 87

82410. 94

82494. 88

-28. 07

-83. 94

®f4

6 f3 5 f2 6F!

4

32

1

116467. 41 117068. 56

116975. 05

116937. 57

a *FS 3d®(o 4 F)4s a ®F 5 83138. 23 -23. 25

-76. 38

-121. 02

®f 2 ®D0

4 4 83161. 48 3d* {a 4 P)4p 2 *D° 0 116364- 76

15. 31

39. 32

56. 05

1046. 47

5 f3 ®f2 3

2

83237. 86

83358. 88

®Di

®d2

12 116380. 07

116419. 39

6f4 1 83646. 98 — 288. 10 ®d3 ®d4 34

116475. 44

117521. 91 a 3d® (a 2I)4s b

X I 6 83429. 61

2 ®S2 3d® (a 4 P)4p 2 ®S° 2 116898. 22

a

3 F4 3d® (a 2F)4s c

3 F 4 84159. 55 -512. 32

301. 95

j f3 3 f2 3

2 84671. 8784369. 92

b

j g4 3d® (6 2 G)4s d

X G 4 117950. 32

a

X D2 3d«(o 2 D)4s b

X D 2 86847. 11

2

3 F2

3 f3 3d® (a 4 G)4p 2»F° 2

3 118168. 56118246. 52 82. 96

103. 72

a

X F3 3d® (a 2 F)4s b

X F 3 87901. 87

j f4 4 118350. 24

a

3 H4

3 h5

j h6

3d® (a 2 H)4s b

3 H 4

5

6

88663. 87

88694. 67

88923. 07

30. 80

228. 40

2

3H#

3H6

3h4

3d®(o 4 G)4p 2

3 H° 6

54

118355. 01

118557. 25

118686. 25

-202. 24

-129. 00

4p ®P3 3d® (a 8 S)4p 2 ®P° 3 89084- 79 -249. 80 - 156. 85

2 ®P3 3d® (a 4 P)4p y ®P° 3 11844® 92 -278. 68

-146. 27

6P2 3Pi

2

1 89334. 59

89491. 44

fi P2 “Pi 2

1 118721. 60

118867. 87
62

Fe in—Continued Fe m—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Authors Config. Desig. Level Interval

z

3 P2 3d*(o 4 P)4p z

3 P° 2 1/9007. 64 284 62 y

3 G3 3d® (a 2 F)4p y

3 G° 3 134549. 00

1005. 41

180. 90 *Pi »Po

10119982. 26

120179. 95 -197. 69

3 g4

3 g5 4

5 135554. 41 135735. 31

y

5Fi 3d*(a 4 D)4p y ®F° 1 120697. 10 129 07 y ®G2 3d® (a 4 F)4p y *G° 2 134937. 84

159. 00

142. 90

76. 68

423. 05

sf2 ®F3 ®f4

sF5

2

34

5

120826. 17

121008. 78

121241. 67

121468. 82

182. 61

232. 89

227. 15

5 g3 ®g4 *g8

6 G#

34

56

185096. 84

135239. 74

135316. 42

135789. 47

z

3 Gj 3d* (a 4 G)4p z

3 G° 3 121919. 74 21 55 x

3 D3 3d®(a 2 D)4p x

3 D° 3 184976. 22 -302. 8

61. 9

3 G4 4 121941. 29

8. 33

3 d2 2 135279. 0

*g6 5 121949. 62 3 D, 1 135217. 1

z

2 D3 3d® (a 4 P)4p z

3 D° 3 122346. 61 981 78 Z

4 Ig 3d® (a 2 I)4p z il° 6 135582. 08

8 d2 *Di

2

1 122628. 34

122843. 03 -214. 69 w 3 D3 3d®(o 2 F)4p i» 3 D° 3 185705. 7 -1088. 1 328. 9

3 d2 2 136793. 8 v *d 4 3d® (a 4 D)4p y *D° 4 122944- 15 114 60

3 Di 1 136464- 9

5 d3 *d2 3

2

122829. 55

122898. 84

-69. 29

99 ^8 x ®F5 3d* (a 4 F)4p x ®F° 5 186185. 17

194. 55 -18. 12 -109. 20

-117. 90

*d 4 ®D0

10122921. 37

123456. 92 -534. 55 *f4 *f3 43

135990. 62

136008. 74

y

6 Pi 3d® (a 4 D)4p x ®P° 1 123552. 95 144 23

®f 2 6Fj

2

1 186117. 94136235. 84

*P3 2 123697. 18

53. 21 ®P3 3 123750. 39 z *F3 3d® (a 2 D)4p z

1 F° 3 136200. IS

y

3 D3 3d* (a 4 D)4p y *D° 3 124854- 04 4Q 88 w 3 F2 3d® (a 2 F)4p w 3 F° 2 186582. 45 264. 60

-184. 27

3 d2 3 Dj

2

1 124903. 92

124954. 88

-50. 96

3 f3 3 f4 34

136797. 05

136612. 78

y

3 f4 3d® (a 4 D)4p y *F° 4 125448. 58 194 40 x ®D4 3d* (a 4 F)4p x ®D° 4 187209. 73 -213. 27

-121. 60

-16. 5 -12. 1

3 f3

3 f2 3

2 125637. 98

125672. 83 -34. 85 *d 3 5 d2 32

137423. 00

187544- 60

*D, 1 137561. 1 z

3Si 3d® (a 4 P)4p z3 S° 1 126390. 57 ®D0 0 137573. 2

y

3 Po 3d*(o 4 D)4p y

3 P° 0 128371. 53

234. 12

311. 86

x

3 H4 3d*(o 2 G)4p x3H° 4 137527. 92

235. 78

500. 77

3 Pi 1 128605. 65 3 h6 5 137768. 70

3 P* 2 128917. 51 3 H# 6 138264. 47

Z

3 l7 3d® (a 2 I)4p z*I° 7 130040. 56 185 76 x3 GS 3d* (a 2 H)4p x

3 G° 5 138054. 59 -48. 53

-84. 81

*I«

3 h

6

5 129854 80130266. 27

-401. 47

3 g4

3 g3 4

3 188103. 12

188187. 93

z

3 K# 3d® (a 2 I)4p z3 K° 6 130766. 84 278. 23

-182. 82

Z

! Pi 3d® (a 2 D)4p z iP° 1 188691. 81

3 K7 7 131035. 07

3 Kg 8 130852. 25 u>

3 Gj 3d* (a 4 F)4p w 3 G° 5 139463. 36 -161. 81 -55. 30

3 G4 4 139625. 17

Z

3 D2 3dHa 2 D)4p z‘D° 2 131445. 03 3 g3 3 139680. 47

z »H 5 3d* (a 2 I)4p z >H° 5 131710. 79 y

3 Is 3d* (a 2 H)4p y

3 I° 5 139509. 44 336. 74

350. 15

3 I 9 6 139846. 18

z *K7 3d® (a 2 I)4p z >K° 7 131991. 58 3h 7 140196. 33

x

3 F2 3d® (a 2 D)4p x

3 F° 2 132104- 94 9^ 08

y ‘Dz 3d* (a 2 F)4p y'D° 2 139764. 48

3 f3

3 f4 34

132079. 91

132785. 36 705. 45 y

! G4 3d* (a 2 G)4p y] G° 4 139827. 17

y *F3 3d* (a 2 F)4p y

1 F° 3 140453. 10

y

3 H# 3d* (a 2 I)4p y3 H° 6 132262. 66 -302. 05

^94. 46

3 H* 5 132564- 71 v3 F2 3d* (a 2 G)4p v

3 F° 2 140750. 98 -57. 62

309. 63 *h 4 4 132659. 17 3 f3 3 140693. 36

»f4 4 141002. 99

a;

3 P2 3 Pi *Po

3d® (a 2 D)4p X

3 P° 2

10

134265. 42

134549. 4 135088. 1

-284. 0 -538. 7

v

3 D3 *d 2 *Di

3d* (a 4 F)4p v

3 D° 3

2

1

141466. 53

141399. 04

141469. 45

67. 49

-70. 41

z *G4 3d5 (a 2 F)4p z

! G° 4 134360. 40 y ‘Ig 3d® (a 2 H)4p y‘10 6 141539. 55
63

Fe III—Continued Fe m—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval

u 3 F4 3d5 (a 4F)4p u

3 F° 4 142047. 0 265 9

v

7 F3 3d5 (6 2 D)4p v1 F° 3 159493. 0

3 f3 3 142312. 90 -222. 17 3d5 (b 3 f2 2 142535. 07 v

3 P22 D)4p v3 P° 2 160037. 9

3 Pi 1

u>

3 H4 3d5 (a 2 H)4p to !H° 4 142855. 59 52 89

3 Po 0

3 h5 5 142908. 48 412. 37 w 1 D2 3d5 (5 3 H8 6 143320. 85 2 D)4p 2 162084• &

v

3 G5 3d5 (a 2 G)4p v

3 G° 5 143883. 74 -202. 23 -30. 67

v

3 H4 3d5 (6 2 G) 4p v

3 H° 4 165719. 1 220. 5 247

j g4

3 g3 4

3

144085. 97

144H6. 64

3 HS 3 H6 5

6 165939. 6 166187 f

t 3 F4 3d5 (6 2 F)4p t

3 F° 4 144332. 21 -238. 32

68. 79

5p

7 P2 3d5 (a 6S)5p y7 P° 2 166144- 66

108. 08

168. 61

3 f4 3 144570. 53 7 p3 3 166252. 74

s f2 2 144501. 74 7 p4 4 166421. 35

V

1 Hfi 3d5 (a 2 G)4p y

in° 5 144586. 83 r

3 F4 3d5 (6 2 G)4p r

3 F° 4 166222. 2 276 3 f3 3 166498 -504

x 3d5 (a 2 H)4p x 1 H° 5 144843. 24 3 f2 2 167002

x

3 G4 35 (u 2 H)4p x 1 G° 4 144968. 50 t

3 G3 3d5 (6 2 G)4p 13 G° 3 167085. 0

122. 3

91. 6

3 g4 4 167207. 3

x 'F3 3d5 (a 2 G)4p x !F° 3 145038. 61 3 g5 5 167298. 9 x

3 D2 3d5 (5 2 F)4p x

1 D° 2 145618. 39 5p 5 P3 3d5 (o 8S)5p B 1 P° 3 168329. 65 91 36 5 p2 2 168421. 01 -56. 35 u

3 G3 3d5 (6 2 F)4p u

3 G° 3 146891. 0

270. 4

244. 78

6 Pi 1 168477. 36

3 G4 4 147161. 36 w *H 5 3d5 (b 3 GS 5 147406. 14 2 G)4p w 1 H° 5 168780. 1 4d

7 Di 3d5 (a 6S)4d e

7 D 1 147281. 72

9. 48

14. 77

20. 87

27. 86

v

7 G4 3d5 (6 2 G)4p v7 G

0 4 169277. 6f

7 D2 2 147291. 20

7 d3 3 147305. 97 u 7 F3 3d5 (5 2 G)4p u 7 F° 3 170310. 6?

7 d4 4 147326. 84

7 d5 5 147354. 70 4/ 7 F0 3d5 (a 6 S)4/ 2

7 F° 0

7 Fi 1 u

3 Di 3d5 (5 2 F)4p u

3 D° 1 147556. 45

58. 20

21. 30

7 F2 2 184247. 3 AQ 3

3 D2 2 147614- 65 ?f3 3 184316. 6

58. 1 42. 2

30. 8

3 d3 3 147635. 95 7 f4 4 184374- 7

7 f6 5 184416. 9 w 3 P0 3d5 (a 2 S)4p w 3 P? 0 148655 260

610. 3

7f8 6 184447. 7

3 Pi 1 148915. 3

3 P2 2 149525. 63 4/ 5F 3d5 (a 6S)4/ w 5F° 1 to 5 184781 ±

w 7 G4 3d5 (b 2 F)4p w'G° 4 149013. 36 5d 7 Di 3d5 (a 6 S)5d /

7 D 1 190393. 30

4. 44

6. 60

9. 25

12. 17

7 D2 2 190397. 74

5s 7 S3 3d5 (a 6 S)5s e

7 S 3 149284. 94 7 d3 3 190404. 34

7 d4 4 190413. 59 w *F3 3d5 (6 2 F) 4p w'F° 3 150654• 9

7 d5 5 190425. 76 4d

5 D0 3d5 (a 6S)4d e5 D 0 151537. 83 -1. 21 -1. 80

-0. 77

3. 65

6s 7 S3 3d5 (a 6S)6s rs 3 190918. 28

5 D1 1 151536. 62

fi D2 2 151534. 82 6s 3S2 3d5 (a ®S)6s /

5S 2 192006. 99

6 D3 3 151534. 05

6 d4 4 151537. 70 5d

5 D0 3d5 (a 6S)5d /8 D 0 193595. 3

4. 5

6. 3

4. 2

0. 5

5 D, 1 193599. 8 y *Pi 3d5 (a 2 S)4p pip° 1 151637. Sf 5 D2 2 193606. 1

5 d3 3 193610. 3

5s ®S2 3d5 (a 8S)5s e *S 2 151757. 61 6 d4 4 193610. 8

s

3 F2 3d5 (5 2 D)4p s

3 F° 2 157684- 3

297. 7

580. 7

5g

7 G 3d5 (a 8S)5^ e7 G 1 to 7 207641

3 f3 3 157982. 0

3 f4 4 158562. 7 hg 5 G 3d5 (a 9S) 5^ e5 G 2 to 6 207643

t 3 Di

3 D2 3d5 (6 2 D)4p t *D° 1 158257. 3

159. 5

312. 5

2 158416. 8

3 d3 3 158729. 3 Fe iv («S 2H) Limit 247200

September 1951.
64

*

053

tfHH

Q

a>

csa

05«O

a» Ph

<u EhT3©

>

X5O

WCOeoo

e -oe

Ph Ph

-o e e QQQ

e e e

Ph

COcOe

cpe

ioAl

Css e

Al3

Al

"es

Tti Ala

s

Als

OO

O o

Ph w t>» US N g 00

o o KK

o o oo

o o Ph Ph

o o ww

** IS* o o Hw

N M

O O

5s N

o o o o oo oo

3s g 5s N

o o

fcr

1 tr1 5s 5s o o MW

3 «

o o oo

H H

o o w«

O O O o oo oo

a »S Sg

o o Ph Ph

r*- us ft>3

QQus CO ** w

O O PhPh

Ph Ph

^5 ^5

O O QQ»0 CO 5s 5s

o o Ph Ph

Ph Ph H *»

o o QQco "H H *»

o o

Ph Ph « *»

o o Ph Ph

o o Ph Ph H 3 g 5s

° ° ~ — QQ 00

« » 3 >>

O O Ph Ph

o o Ph Ph

o o QQ

5 H

Ph Ph

co Zz

o o QQ

o o MW

o o oo

o o Ph Ph

«- 3

Ph

o o

Ph Ph 3 ss

MWCO r-t rO Q

oous eo O hO OO

« w oo

-ra-cs

Ph Ph Ph Ph

QQus co rO rO QQ

V h© QQ

-e «

Ph Ph

us co e «

coco

<*f e +coa. CO

bfi'&o CCJCO

C3 ® O ft. %<N

'SS eo

m

«

-e

eo

O

useo

Ph3US'CS eo

Q

3us 'CS co

"5

eo

H

5Q

co

pT pT M O pT Q o cp e e js -o rO rO e v—' V—'

v—

'

% % % % %

eo eo CO eo eo CO CO eo

*For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Cri

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
Fe IV

65

(V i sequence; 23 electrons) Z—26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3_p

6 3d

5 6S2H

a

6S2^ cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis of the Fe iv spectrum is conspicuously incomplete. In 1931 Miss Gilroy

published 11 terms, and 71 classified lines between 574 A and 1825 A. Later, Kruger and

Gilroy reported that the three lines from the ground term, having the transition 3d

5 6S—

p

6P°, were near 526 A, rather than between 574 A and 587 A as was stated in the earlier paper.

Consequently, the relative term values published in 1931 need revision.

By analogy with Fe m, Edlen has estimated the positions of the lowest terms. These are entered in brackets in the table. The term 4_p

6P° has been taken from the observed wave

numbers of the combination with the ground state. REFERENCES

H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 38, 2217 (1931). (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 48, 720 (1935). (T) (C L)

B. Edlin, letter; Actualities Scientifiques et Industrielles, No. 895, Part I (Hermann et Cie, Paris, 1941) (T)

Fe IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d5 3d5 ®S 2/2 0

3d5 3d5 4 G

[ 2/2

i to

i 5/2 J [32000]

3d> 3d5 4 P

[ 0/2

\ to

[ 2/2 |

[35100]

3d5 3d5 4 D

I 0/2

{ to

i 3/2 |

[38500]

3d5 3d5 4 F

f 0/2

\ to

1 4/ j [52100]

3d4 (

5 D)4p 4p

6P° H

<N

CO

189897

190013

190230

116

217

January 1950.

675475 0 - 63-7
66

Fe y

(Ti i sequence ; 22 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d* 6D0

a

6D0 cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis is from Bowen who has extended White’s early work and published 145

classified lines; 98 in the range from 364 A to 432 A, and 47 in the interval between 1302 A

and 1554 A.

Intersystem combinations connecting the triplet and quintet systems of terms have been

observed.

No series have been found and the spectrum needs further study. Bowen remarks that

some ambiguity exists as to the assignment of some levels of the z

bD°, z5F° and z3D° terms

because of the overlapping of these terms. He states also that the term here labeled x

3G°

may possibly be the 3H° term from the same limit, a

2H.

REFERENCE

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 52, 1153 (1937). (T) (C L)

Fe v Fe v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a

S D 0 0 145

274

3d} {a 4 F)4p z

5D° 0

1 145 1 257746 388

2 419 2 258134 551

34 804

1285 481 3

4 258685

259349 664

3d4 o

3 P 0 24054 919

1493

3cP (a 4 F)4p z

5 F° 1 258887 493

579

569

j 526

12 24973

26466

2

3

259380

259959

4 260528

3d* am 4 24937 292

298

5 261054

5 25229

6 25527 3d} {a 4 F)4p z

3 D° 1 259994 425

3d* 2 260419 763

a *F 2 26765

81 127

3 261182

3 26846

4 26973 3d} {a 4 F)4p z

3 G° 3 263911 534

672 3d* a

3 G

4 264445

3 29820 330

279

5 265117

4 30150

5 30429 3d} (a 4 F)4p z

3 F° 2 266625

3cP(a 4 F)4s

3 267248 684

a

5F 1 186437 299

426

563

676

4 267932

2 186736

3 187162 3d} {a 4 P)4p z*P° 1 273643 4Q3

4 187725 2 274136 792

5 188401 3 274928

3d} (a 4 F)4s b

3 F 2 195212 730

903

3d} (a 2 G)4p y

3 G° 3 278800 707

532 3 195942 4 279507

4 196845 5 280039

3d} {a 4 F)4p z

5 G° 2 254805 601

773

963

1159

3cP(a 2H)4p x

3 G° 5 292291 146

3 255406 4 292437 -81

4 256179 3 292518

5 257142

6 258301

January 1949.
Fe v Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d* { o

3P

a ®D

a

3 F o 3 G a 3H

ns («> 4) np (n> 4)

3d? (a 4 F)nz

{ a 5F

b

3 F

2®D°

z

3 D°

z ®F°

2

3 F°

2 *G°

2

3 G°

3d? (a 4P)nx z ®P°

3d? {a 2 G)nx y

3 G°

3d? (a 2H)ru; x

3 G°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Til isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. xxxvn.

Fe VI

(Sc i sequence; 21 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p

6 3d3 4Fi^

a

4FiH cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis is incomplete, but Bowen has classified about 100 lines in the region between

276 A and 318 A. Intersystem combinations connecting the doublet and quartet systems of

terms have been observed.

REFERENCES

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 47, 924 (1935). (T) (C L)

S. Pasternack, Astroph. J. 92, 140 (1940). (T)
68

Fe VI Fe VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a

4 F IK 0 510

675

809

3d2 (a *F)4p z

6 F° 2K 342570 1030

2K 510 3K 343600

3K 1185

4K 1994 3d2 (a *F)4p z

4 D° OK

IK

343619

343210 -409

1060

1149 3d* a

4 P ok 18734 203

664

2K 344270

IK 18937 3K 345419

2/4 19601

3d2 (a *F)4p z

2 D° IK 344656 1252

3d* a

2 G 3K 20609 696 2K 845908

4K 21305

3d2 (a *F)4p z

2 G° 3K 348962 1054

3d* a

2 P IK

OK

26204

26483 -279 4K 350016

3d2 (a *P)4p z

4 S° IK 355652

3d* a *D 2K

IK

28469

28607 -138

3d2 (a *P)4p y

4 D° 0K 859104 680

921

1560 4K

IK 359784

3d* a

2 H 28723 473 2K 360705

5K 29196 3K 362265

3d2 (a *F)4p z

4 G° 2K 338256 1221 3d2 (a *P)4p z4 P° OK 363944 446

1102 3K 339477 1452

1794

IK 364390

4K 340929 2K 365492

5K

IK

342723

3d2 (a 1 G)4p y

2 G° 3K 365077 185 3d2 (a *F)4p z

4 F° 339538 803

1020

1065

4K 365262

2K 340341

3K 341361 3d*(a 4 G(4p z

2 H° 4K 372096 1606

4K 342426 5K 373702

December 1948.

Fe vi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3

p

6 +

Observed Terms

3d* / a

4 P a4 F

\ a 2 P a 2 D a 2 G a 2 H

np (n> 4)

3d2 (a *F)nz

{

z

4 D°

z

2 D° OO 060

0

3d2 (a *P)nz z

4 S° z4 P° y4 D°

3d2 (a 1 G)nx y

2 G° z2H°

*For predicted terras in the spectra of the Sc i isoelectronic sequence, see

Vol. i, p. xxxvi.
Fe vii

69

(Ca i sequence; 20 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p

6 3d2 3F2

a

3F2 cm 1 I. P. volts

The early analysis by Cady, who classified 33 lines between 231 A and 245 A, has been

revised and extended by Edlen. The present term list is from Edlen’s manuscript, kindly furnished by him for inclusion here in advance of publication.

The prefix “y” is assigned to the 1 P° and 3D° terms from the 4/ configuration on the assumption that the similar terms from the 4p configuration, which have not yet been found, will

be lower and should, therefore, be assigned the prefix “z”. REFERENCES

W. M. Cady, Phys. Rev. 43, 324 (1933). (T) (C L)

I. S. Bowen and B. EdlSn, Nature 143, 374 (1939). (T) (C L)

B. Edl6n, unpublished material (Feb. 1949). (T)

Fe VII Fe vii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d2 a

3 F 2 0 1047 3d(2 D)4/ y3 F° 2 660022 338

34 1047

2327 1280 34 660360

661176 816

3d2 a

! D 2 17475 3d(2 D)4/ 2

3 G° 3 663104 &1Q

4 663953 530 3d

2 a

3 P 0 20037 391

847

5 664483

12 20428

21275 3d(2 D)4/ y 'D° 2 663882

3d* aiG 4 28915 3d(2 D)4/ y

1 F° 3 665425

3d(2 D)4p 2 iD° 2 425388 3d(2 D)4/ y

3 D° 1 665843 R9

2 665925 738 3d(2 D)4p z

3 F° 2 3 666663

3 431606 2264 4 433870 3d(2 D)4/ y

3 P° 3 667903 362

1 668265 -232

3d(2 D)4p Z

3 P° 0 437010 -47

604

0 668497

1 436963

2 437567 3d(2 D)4/ 2>H° 5 669978

3d(2 D)4p z »F° 3 439812 3d(2 D)4/ y

1 P° 1 671470

3d(2 D)4/ z >G° 4 659923

March 1949. Fe vii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p9 3s2 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d2 | o 3 P a 3 F

a»D a

l G

np (n>4) nf (n> 4)

3d(2 D)na;

|

z

3 P° 23 F°

2 «D° 2 !F°

y

3 P° y

3 D°

y 'P0 y

l T>°

o

o M

M 6qoo 2'H°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Cai isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. xxxv.
(K i sequence; 19 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d2DlH

3d 2I>ix 1219360 cm-i

I. P. 151 volts

The analysis is by Kruger and Weissberg, who have classified 15 lines in the interval 93 A

to 370 A.

REFERENCE

P. G. Kruger and S. G. Weissberg, Phys. Rev. 52, 316 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

Fe vm

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p«(1 S)3d 3d a D 1/2 0 1875

2X 1875

3p*(1S)4p 4p a P° oy2 510084 3363

1/2 518447

3p# (

1 S)4/ 4/ aF° 2% 768714 107

3x 763821

3p«(»S)5s 5s *S 0% 783402

3p«(»S)5/ 5/ a F° 2% 927024 60

3H 927084

3p# (

1 S) 6s 6s aS 0H 960135

3p«(‘S)6/ 6/ a F° 2K 1016828 49

3% 1016877

3p8

(

1 S)7/ 7f jf° 2y2 1072765 110 3% 1072875

Fe ix (»So) Limit ... 1219360

May 1948.

(A i sequence; 18 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p° 3s

2 3p*

Fe ix

Z=26

3p* % 1893000 cm"1 I. P. 235 volts

Two lines, at 103 A and 105 A, respectively, are classified as combinations with the ground

term. The tabular values have been rounded off in the last places. Apparently the limit

and the 5s-level are extrapolated from isoelectronic data,, as indicated by brackets in the table.

For convenience, the Paschen notation has been added by the writer in column one under

the heading “A i”. As for A i, the ^-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah

is here introduced, although Z&-designations indicated in column two under the heading

“Authors” are perhaps preferable for the terms thus far identified.

REFERENCES

P. G. Kruger, S. G. Weissberg and L. W. Phillips, Phys. Rev. 51, 1090 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).
Fe ix

A i Authors Config. Desig. J Level

lpo 3p8 l S 3p8 3p8 2 S 0 0

3p4

(2 P!*)4s 4s [1M1° 2

1 Si 3p5 4s 3 P° 1 950200

3P

5

(

2 Poh)4s 4s' mr 0

lsi 3p5 4s ip° 1 965400

3p5

(

2 Pfn) 5s 5s [lfc]° 2

2s4 3p4 5s 3 P° 1 [1355000]

Fe x (*Pin) Limit --- [1893000]

May 1948.

Fe x

(Cl i sequence; 17 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s

2 3p

5 2P°^

3p

s 2P^ 2114000 cm-1

I. P. 262 volts

Edl6n has classified eight lines in the region between 94 A and 97 A, as combinations from

the ground term. He has confirmed Grotrian’s suggestion that the strong coronal line at 6374.51 A (wave number 15683.2 cm-1

) may be due to the forbidden transition 3p

5 2PiH—3p

5 2Poh.

He has extrapolated the value of the limit along the isoelectronic sequence, as indicated

by brackets in the table.

Edl&i’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 104, 407 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. Grotrian, Naturwiss. 27, 214 (1939). B. Edl6n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 30 (1942). (T) (C L)

Fe X

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s2 3p* Sp6 2P° IX

OX

0

15683 -15683

3s2 3p4 (

3 P)4s 4s 4 P 2X 1022100 -7530

IX 1029630 ox

3s2 3p4 (

3P)4s 4s 2 P IX 1040350 -8550 ox 1048900

3s2 3p4 0D)4s 4s' 2 D 2X 1063690 -500 ix 1064190

Fe xi (

3 P2) Limit ... [2114000]

January 1950.
72

Fe XI

(S i sequence; 16 electrons) Z—26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p4 3 P2

3P2 2342000 cm"1 I. P. 290 volts

Edl6n has classified 12 lines in the region from 86 A to 90 A. He has extrapolated the

value of the limit from isoelectronic sequence data and also the value of 3

p

4 ^o, entered in

brackets in the table.

Following Grotrian’s suggestion, Edl6n has tentatively identified two coronal lines as due

to the following forbidden transitions:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

3986. 9 0. 7 25075 3p4 3Pj— 3p4 »D2 7891. 94 13 12667. 7 3p4 3 P2 — 3p4 3 P,

The singlet and triplet terms are connected by the intersystem combination furnished

by the coronal line at 3986 A.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 104, 188 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. Grotrian, Naturwiss. 27, 214 (1939). B. Edl6n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 30 (1942). (C L)

B. Edl6n, letter (January 1950). (T)

Fe xi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s2 3p4 3p4 3 P 2

10

0

12668

14440 - 12668

-1772

3s2 3p4 3p4 J D 2 37743

3s2 3p4 3p4 »S 0 [80300]

3s2 3p3

(

4 S°)4s 4s 3 S° 1 1121270

3s2 3p3 (

2 D°)4s 4s' 3 D° 1 1148650 450

3350 2 1149100

3 1152450

3s2 3p3

(

2 D°)4s 4s' iD° 2 1160020

3s2 3p3 (

2 P°)4s 4s" *P° 1 1193640

Fe xii (

4 S;«) Limit --- [2342000]

January 1950.
Fe XIII

73

(Si i sequence; 14 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p2 3 P0

3p

2 3 P0 cm-1

I. P. 355 volts

In his classical work on the identification of the coronal lines Edlen suggests that three

strong coronal lines may be attributed to [Fe xm] as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

3388. 1 16 29507 3p2 3 P2 -3p2 j D2 10746. 80 55 9302. 5 3p23P0 -3p2 3 Pi

10797. 95 35 9258. 5 3p2 3 Pi-3p23 P2

The coronal wave numbers are in satisfactory agreement with the theoretical values

predicted from isoelectronic sequence data. The term values in the table have been calculated

from the coronal wave numbers, with the exception of 3p

2 XS for which Edlen’s estimated value

is entered in br.^ ckets. Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 40 (1942). (I P) (T) (C L)

Fe xm

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s2 3p2 3p2 3 P 0

12

0. 0

9302. 5

18561. 0

9302. 5

9258. 5

3s2 3p2 3p2 X D 2 48068

3s2 3p2 3p2 3 S 0 [82000]

October 1947.
74

Fexiv

(A1 i sequence; 13 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p

2P^

3p 2P^ cm-1

I. P. 390 volts

Astrophysically, the spectrum of Fe xiv is one of the most significant, although only two

lines have been classified in the laboratory spectrum. In his classical papers on the identification

of the coronal lines Edlen has suggested that the conspicuous coronal line at 5302.86 A, wave

number 18852.5 cm-1 and intensity 100, may be due to the forbidden transition that corre- sponds to the interval of the ground term of Fe xiv, i. e., 3p

2Pq^—Sp2Pfo.

He also classifies two lines as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

58. 963

59. 579

231695980

1678440 | 3p J P° — 4d *D

His unit, 103 cm-1

, is here changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 540 (1936). (C L)

B. EdlSn, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 47 (1942). (I P) (T) (C L)

December 1947.

Fe XV

(Mg i sequence; 12 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 'So

3s2 'S0 3684000 cm-1

I. P. 457 volts

Edlen has classified eight lines in the region between 55 A and 70 A. No singlet combinations have been observed and the triplet terms are not all connected by observed combinations.

He has determined the relative positions of the terms and also the ionization potential by

extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence. Estimated values are denoted by brackets in

the table.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 536 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)
Fe XV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s1 3s2 J S 0 0

3s (

2 S) 3p 3p *P° 0 [235690] +x 5800

14120 1 24U90 +x

2 255610 +z

3s(2 S)3d 3d 3 D 123 687570

3s(2 S)4p 4p

ip° 1 [1889970]

3s(2 S)4d 4d 3 D 1 2033120 +x 710

1140 2 2033830 +x

3 2034970 +x

3s(2 S)4/ 4f

3 F° 2

34 2115040 +x

3s(2 S)5/ 5f

3 F° 2

34 2682780 +x

Fe xvi (

2 Sk) Limit ... [3684000]

August 1947.

Fe XVI

(Na i sequence; 11 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s 2S^

3s *Sx 3947840 cm"1 I. P. 489 volts

Edlen has classified 13 lines in the interval 39 A to 66 A, and extrapolated the absolute

value of the ground term from isoelectronic sequence data. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been

changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 100, 621 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)
Fe xvi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s 3s 2 S 0H 0

3P 3p

2 P° oh 276500 20970

1H 297470

3d 3d 2 D 1H 676930 2840

2H 679770

4s 4s 2 S OH 1866860

4p 4p 2 P° OH 1978040 8060

1H 1986100

4d 4d 2 D l H 2123500 1190

2H 2124690

4/ 4/ 2 F° 2H 2186070 500

3H 2186570

5d 5d 2 D 1H 2787360 580

2H 2787940

5/ 5/ 2 F° 2H 2820050 220

3H 2820270

Fe xvii (‘So) Limit --- [3947840]

June 1947.

Fe xvii

(Nei sequence; 10 electrons) Z=26

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6

2p

6 ! S0 10211700 cm'1 I. P. 1266 volts

Tyren has classified nine lines in the region 12 A to 17 A, as combinations with the ground

term. His absolute term values have been derived by extrapolation along the Nei isoelectronic sequence.

By analogy with Nei, the ^-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah is introduced.

The unit adopted by Tyren, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

F. TyrSn, Zeit. Phys. Ill, 314 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).
77

Fe xvil Fe XVII

Author Config. Desig. J Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

2p iSo 2s2 2

p« 2p« iS 0 0

3v' *Pi 2s 2p8 (

2 S) 3p 3p »P° 2

10

1

7201000

3s ‘Pj 2s2 2p5

(

2 Pf*)3s 3s [1K]° 2

1 5864800 3p' J Pi 2s 2p8

(2 S)3p 3p »P° 7235900

3s iP, 2s2 2ps

(2 Pfo)3s 3s' [0K]° 0

1 5961600 4d iPj 2s2 2p8

(2 Pfo)4d 4d [1K]° 1 8155000

3d 3 P

2s2 2p5 (

2 Pl*)3d 3d [OKI 0 0

1 6471200

4d 3D, 2s2 2p®(2 Po^)4d 4d'[lK]° 1 8250000

// 3d [1K]° 1 6552700

Fe xviii (

2 Pfo)

Fe xviii (

2 Poh)

Limit [10211700]

[10313800]

3d *D, 2s2 2p5

(2 Pfo)3d 3d'[lK]° 1 6661800

Limit

March 1947. Fe xvii Observed Levels*

Config.

ls2 +

Observed Terms

2s2 2p« 2

p

6 »S

ns (n> 3) np (n> 3) nd (n> 3)

2s2 2ps (

2 P°)nx / 3s 3 P°

\ 3s 2 P°

3d 3 P°

3, 4d 1 P° 3, 4d 3 D°

2s 2p«(2 S)nx

{

3p 3 P°

3p 1P°

j

l—Coupling Notation

Config.

ls2 +

Observed Pairs

ns (n> 3) nd (n> 3)

2s2 2p*(2 Pix)nx 3s [1K]° 3d [0K]°

3, 4d [1K1°

2s2 2p5

(

2 Po n)nx' 3s' [0K]° 3, 4d'[lK]°

For predicted levels in the spectra of the Ne i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. xxxi.
COBALT

Col

27 electrons Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3

s

2 Sp6 3d

1 4s2

a ^

63438 cm"1 I. P. 7.86 ±0.02 volts

The number of terms known in this complex spectrum is 99; in addition, there are 43

miscellaneous levels which are not yet grouped into terms. Combinations among these give

2725 classified lines in the range between 1814 A and 11894 A, and include 768 multiplets.

The terms of all multiplicities are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

In 1936 Catalan and Antunes published a detailed analysis, classifying 2076 lines. The

terms in the table are from the 1940 paper by Russell, King, and Moore. Their analysis was

begun without knowledge that Catalan and Antunes were investigating the spectrum. It was

continued because further observations in the infrared and ultraviolet, together with extensive

data on the Zeeman effect, made it possible to revise and extend the earlier work.

Some of the electron configurations of the low even terms were assigned on the basis of the

theoretical results by Marvin. Racah suggests that two of these assignments should be interchanged, as follows:

Term RK M Racah

a

4 P

b*P

3d8 4s 3d7 4s2 3d7 4s2 3d8 4s

This change was subsequently confirmed by Shenstone, and is adopted in the table. Further

changes suggested by Shenstone by analogy with Ni n and Cu hi have also been adopted,

namely, the configuration assignments published in the 1940 reference below have been interchanged for the following pairs of terms: y

2H°, £

2H°;y 4S°, x

4S°.

Roth and Bartunek observed Zeeman patterns of 151 lines of Co I between 3200 A and

6500 A. Later and more extensive observations by R. B. King and A. S. King are in good

general agreement with their results. The two-place entries in the table are from the Kings’

observations. Those given to three places are from unpublished material by Miss Weeks,

who derived them from the films made at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and

furnished by G. R. Harrison.

The limit has been determined by estimating the Rydberg denominators by comparison

with neighboring elements. Russell’s value is 63536 cm-1

, while that of Catalan and Antunes,

using the same method, is 63339 cm-1. The mean of these two values, 63438 cm-1

, is given here.

Russell has remarked that the convergence of the components of selected terms of Co i to the components of the limit terms in Co n is of interest: “Cfltallm and Antunes have shown

that among the terms which have d

s 3 F as limit, the quartet and doublet components of lowest

J go to 3F2, those of next higher J to 3F3 , leaving two high J quartet components for 3 F4 .” This

“inverted” convergence was found by Russell for the limit d

3 2D in Ni n (see text for Nil).

REFERENCES

H. H. Marvin, Phys. Rev. 47, 521 (1935). F. L. Roth and P. F. Bartunek, Phys. Rev. 47, 526 (1935). (C L) (Z E)

M. A. Catal&n and M. T. Antunes, Anal. Soc. Esp. de Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) 34, 103-145, 207-297 (1936).

(I P) (T) (C L)

H. N. Russell, R. B. King, and C. E. Moore, Phys. Rev. 58, 407 (1940). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61 , 537 (1942).

M. T. Antunes, Phys. Rev. 62, 362 (1942). A. G. Shenstone, private communication (April 1950).

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) D. W. Weeks, unpublished material (March 1951). (Z E)
79

Col Col

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 3d7 4s3 a 4 F 4/ 0. 00 -816. 00

-590. 84

-402. 49

1.-32 3/2 2x

ix

816. 00

1406. 84

1809. 33

1. 237

1. 028

0. 402

3d8 (a *F)4s

b 4F 4/ 3482. 82 659 84 1. 336

3H2XI /2

4142. 66

4690. 18

5075. 83

-547. 52

-385. 65

1. 239

1. 031

0. 404

3d8 (a 3F)4s a 3 F 3/2 7442. 41 - 1018. 40 1. 147 2X 8460. 81 0. 862

3d7 4s3 a 4 P 2y2 13795. 52 -240. 76

-363. 00

1. 604

i/2 0/j 14036. 28

14399. 28

1. 722

2. 651

3d8 (3 P)4s

b 4 P 2/2 15184 04 ^on nn 1. 515 1 x0y2 15774 04

16195. 68

-421. 64 1. 476

2. 682

3d7 4a3 a 2 G 4% 16467. 90 -765. 78 1. 109

3/2 17233. 68 0. 883

3d8 (1 D)4s a 3 D 1 X 16470. 60

307. 56

1. 101

2/2 16778. 16 1. 296

3d8 ^P) 4s a 3 P IX 18389. 57 -385. 44 1. 300

0/2 18775. 01 0. 695

3d7 4s3 b 3 P 1/2 0/2 20500. 71

21215. 90

-715. 19

1. 284

0. 680

3d7 4s3 a 3H 5/2 4X

21780. 47

22475. 36

-694 89 1. 100

0. 921

3d8 004s b 3 D 2/ 21920. 09 - 1232. 48 1. 180 I /2 23152. 57 0. 955

3d7 4s3 b *G 4X

3X

23184 23

23207. 76 -23. 53 1. 098

0. 883

3d7 4s (a 8F)4p 2 «F° 5X 28611. 78 -243. 84

-470. 49

-407. 17 -307. 88

-191. 63

1. 466

4/

3/

28855. 62

24826. 11

1. 481

1. 436

2/ 24733. 28 1. 336

ix 25041. 16 1. 118

0/2 25282. 79 -0. 622

3d7 4s (a 8F)4p 2 «D° 4/2 24627. 79 fij.1 1. 569

3/2 2/2 ix

0/2

25269. 25

25739. 98

26063. 11 26250. 49

-470. 68

-323. 18 -187. 38

1. 550

1. 612

1. 812

3. 286

3d7 4s (a 8F)4p 2 ®G° 6/2 26138. 88 -429. 80

-368. 91 -294 46

-217. 97

-147. 62

1. 40

5/2

4/2 3/2 2X

25568. 68

25937. 59

26282. 05

26450. 02

1. 354

1. 281

1. 150

0. 876

ix 26597. 64 0. 006

3d® c 3 D 2X

IX

27497. 06

28470. 51 -973. 45 1. 2000. 907

3d7 4s (a 8F)4p 2 4F° 4X 28845. 86 -431. 41 -439. 10 -346. 801. 330

3X

2/2 ix

28777. 27

29216. 87

29563. 17

1. 247

1. 033

0. 410 3d1 4s (a 6F)4p 2 4 G° 5X 28845. 22 -424 51 -465. 45 -367. 78

1. 276

4/2

3/2 2/2

29269. 78

29785. 18

80102. 96

1. 175

0. 995

0. 577

3d7 4s (o 5F) 4p 2 4 D° 3/2 29294. 52 -654 24

AQA. 87

1. 425

2X 29948. 76 1. 359

1/2 80443. 68 -299. 02 1. 192

0/2 80743. 65 -0. 006

3d7 4s (6 »F)4p 2 3 G° 4H 81699. 69 -1033. 38 1. 126

3/2 82733. 07 0. 899

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d7 4s (6 3 F) 4p 2 3F° 3X

2/

81871. 15

32781. 71 -910. 56

3d8 (a 3F)4p

y 4 D° 3/

2H

ix

0/2

82027. 50

82654. 50

83150. 68

88449. 18

-627. 00

-496. 18 -298. 50

3d8 (a 3 F) 4p

y 4 G° 5X

4/2

3/2

2/2

82430. 59

82464- 78

83173. 86

88674- 38

-34. 14 -708. 63

-501. 02

3d8 (a *F)4p

y 4 F° 4/2

3/2 2/2 IX

32841. 99

33466. 87

38945. 90

84196. 21

-624. 88

-479. 03

-250. 31

3d8 (a *F)4p

y 2 G° 4X

3X

83439. 72

34133. 59 -693. 87

3d7 4s (b 8 F)4p 2 2 D° 2X

ix

88462. 83

34352. 42

-889. 59

3d8 (a 3 F)4p

y 2 F° 3X

2/2 85450. 56

86829. 86 -879. 30

3d8 (a 3 F)4p

y *D° 2X

ix

86092. 44

86875. 13 -782. 69

3d7 4s (6 3 F) 4p * 4 D° 3X

2/

IXox

89649. 16

40345. 95

40827. 77 41101. 80

-696. 79

-481. 82

-274 03

3d7 4s (a 5P)4p 2 4 S° IX 40621. 62

1° 3/ 41041. 43

2° 2/2 41104. 96

3d7 4s (6 *F)4p

x 4F° 4X

3/2 2/2 ix

41225. 76

41918. 41 42434. 28

42796 67

-692. 65

-515. 82

-362. 44

3d7 4s (6 3 F) 4p

x 4 G° 5X4X

3X

2X

41528. 53

42269. 82

42811. 44

48199. 65

-740. 79

-542. 12 -388. 21

3d7 4s (a 8P)4p 2 4 P° 2X

ix

0/2

41968. 89

41982. 66

41969. 90 - 13. 77

12. 76

3° 3/2 42988. 12

3d8 (x D)4p 2 3 P° oy2 1/2 48180. 24

43537. 71

407. 47

3d7 4s (a 8 P)4p u)‘D° 3/2

2/2

1/2 ox

48898. 62

43242. 95

43263. 57

48435. 58

155. 67

-20. 62

-172. 01

3d7 4s(*G)4pw 4 F° 4/2 3X

2XI /2

43295. 82

43847. 98

44201. 92

44555. 71

-552. 66

-353. 94

-353. 79

3d7 4s(3 G)4p:

x 3F° 2X

3/

43425. 71 43555. 22 129. 51 3d8 (1 D)4p x 3 D° I /2 2/

48911. 86

43921. 89 10. 53

3d7 4s(*G)4pw 4 G° 5X

4/

3/

2/

43952. 06

441 83. 84

44394. 47

44568. 47

-231. 28

-211. 13 - 174 00

4° 3X 43969. 90

Obs. g

1. 177

0. 870

1. 395

1. 366

1. 195

0. 012

1. 287

1. 154

1. 039

0. 704

1. 313

1. 155

0. 900

0. 430

1. 165

0. 917

1. 186

0. 787

1. 145

0. 892

1. 186

0. 794

1. 428

1. 370

1. 240

0. 026

2. 017

1. 40

1. 863

1. 319

1. 248

1. 024

0. 406

1. 291

1. 169

1. 004

0. 649

1. 627

1. 732

2. 51

0. 727 1 . 120

1. 334 1. 101

1. 191

0. 169

1. 295

1. 197

0. 950

0. 415

1. 119

1. 229

1. 127

1. 230

1. 279

1. 163

1. 004

0. 676

1. 081
80

Co I—Continued Co I—Continued

Config. _ • Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

5° IK 44SSL 32: w 2 S° ok 48837. 72 1. 50: 3d7 4s(3 P)4p: 2

2 S° 0 K 444B4. 51 2. 10 8° IK 48851. 58: 3d8

(

3 P)4p V

4 P° 2 K 44480. 14 177 89

1. 557 3d7 4s( 3 P)4p: w 2 P° IK 49025. 43 -729. 31 1. 099

1 K 44658. 03 - 199. 54

1. 674 OK 49754. 73 1. 365

OK 44857. 57 2. 371

1 4K

3 l 3K

d

8 (a 3 F)5s e

4 F 4K 44782. 13 323 46

1. 33

9° 1

49197. 74: 3K

2K

45105. 59

45876. 58

-770. 99

-498. 59

1. 21

1. 01 10° 3K 49484• 05 1. 260

1/2 46375. 17 0. 44

11° 2K 49847. 08 1. 079

3

d

7 4s(3 G)4p 2

2 H° 4K 45111. 48 428. 80 0. 897

5K 45540. 28 1. 097 12° IK 50105. 05 0. 569

3

d

7 4s (a 5 F)5s e

6F 5/2 45676. 00 -547. 01 -483. 82

-383. 82 -274. 08

-163. 71

1. 475 3d8 0G)4p y

2H° 4K 50210. 80

165. 11 0. 899

4K

3 K

46223. 01 46706. 83

1. 443

1. 396

5K 50375. 91 1. 091

2/2

1/2 47090. 65

47364. 73

1. 301

1. 054

3d8 0G)4p u

2 F° 3K

2K

50578. 73

50712. 45 - 133. 72 1. 125

0. 905

0/2 47528. 44 - 0. 666

3d7 4s (

3 H)4p: w 2 G° 4K 50593. 38 - 17. 84 1. 10 3d8

(

3 P)4p: w 2 D° 2K 45688. 15 -766. 80

1. 219 3K 50611. 22 0. 82

IK 46454. 95 0. 869

3d7 4s(3 H)4p x

2 H° 5K 50703. 08 - 199. 53 1. 110

3

d

7 4s(3 G)4p x

2 G° 3K 45766. 63

265. 47 0. 898 4K 50902. 61 0. 941

4K 46032. 10 1. 131

/ 4K

3 1 3K

d

7 4s(3 P)4p x

4 P° OK 45957. 29 52 61

2. 522

13°

1 50738. 20

1 K2 45904. 68

98. 15

1. 674

2K 46002. 83 1. 543 3d7 4s(3 D)4p: s

4 D° 3K 50741- 66 -397. 72

-707. 89

-416. 74

1. 458

2K 51139. 38

3

d

8 (a 3 F)5s e

2 F 3K 45924. 98 -821. 02 1. 14 IK 51847. 27

2K 46746. 00 0. 49: OK 52264- 01 : 3d8 (

3 P)4p v

4 D° 3K 45971. 19 AA 1. 424 14° 2K 50806. 55 1. 136

2K 46329. 63

69. 61 -242. 13

1. 365

IK

OK

46260. 02

46502. 15

1. 508

0. 161

v

2 P° IK

OK

50925. 11 50945. 47

-20. 36 1. 340

0. 732

3d7 4s(3 P)4p: v

2 D° 1 K2 46186. 41 485. 53

1. 218 3d8 (a3 F) 4d e

4 P 2K 51042. 26 -991. 00

-882. 66

1. 59

2K 46671. 94 1. 233 IK

ok

52033. 26

52915. 92:

1. 40

3d7 4s(3 P)4p y

4 S° IK 46562. 87 1. 273

3d8 (a3 F)4d e

4 D 3K 51052. 98 -507. 78

7(V3 73

1. 402

3d7 4s(3 P)4p: y

2 P° IK 46685. 43 -405. 71

1. 352 2K 51560. 76 1. 354

ok 47091. 14 0. 656 IK

OK

52264. 49:

52634. 62

-370. 13

1. 58: u

4 D° 3K 46872. 74 -521. 19 -218. 25

-293. 08

1. 332

e 2 K 47393. 93 1. 324 3d8 (a3 F) 4d 4 H 6K 51142. 53 -31. 75 -946. 93

-595. 49

1. 224

IK2 OK

47612. 18

47905. 26

1. 122

0. 016

5K

4K

51174. 28

52121. 21

1. 147

0. 96

3K 52716. 70 0. 896

3d8

(

1 D)4p: w 2 F° 2K 47128. 96

96. 15

0. 858

3K 47225. 11 1. 229 3d7 4s(3 D)4p: w i P° 2K 51160. 03 -854. 42 -340. 67

1. 578

1. 328

IK 52014- 45 1. 616

3d7 4s fa 5 F)5s /

4 F 4K 47524. 47 -677. 13 -516. 97 -359. 86

OK 52355. 12 2. 304

3K 48201. 60 1. 226

2K 48718. 57 1. 041 3d8 (a3 F) 4d g

4 F 4K 51170. 14 -29. 44

-870. 42

-632. 76

1. 337

6° IK

3K?

49078. 43

47839. 15

0. 401 3K

2K

IK

51199. 58

52070. 00

52702. 76

1. 16

1. 08

0. 76: 3d8

(

3 P)4p: y

2 S° OK 47977. 94 2. 093 15° 3K 51184- 63

3d7 4s(3 P)4p: x 2 S° OK 48026. 34 1. 699 3d8 (a3 F) 4d e

2 P IK 51200. 60 -840. 54 1. 368

OK 52041. 14: 0. 48: 3d8 (

3 P)4p: x 2 P° ok 48160. 43: 173. 94 1. 204

IK 48334. 37 1. 436 3d8 (a3 F) 4d e

4 G 5K 51203. 75 -64. 18 -894. 09

-610. 28

1. 21 3d7 4s(3 P)4p t

4 D° 3K

2K

IK

48217. 32

48443. 76

48546. 07

-226. 44

-102. 31 -25. 70

1. 211

1. 340

1. 050

4K

3K

2K

51267. 93

52162. 02

52772. 30

1. 083

1. 13

0. 74

OK 48571. 77 0. 452 16° 2K 51863. 18

v

2 F° 3K

2K

48317. 17

48615. 56: -298. 39 1. 173

0. 619 1

2 F° 3K 51896. 75: -899. 38 1. 15: 3d8 (

3 P)4p x

4 S° IK 48753. 72 1. 728 2K 52796. 13 0. 883

7° 2K 48828. 87 17° 2K 51989. 31 :
81

Co I—Continued Co I—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d8 (a3 F) 4d /

2F 3y2 52095. 00 -875. 62 1. 11 3d7 4s (a 5F)4d e «P 3X 53789. 12 -656. 49

-504. 36

1. 635

2y2 52970. 62 1. 13 2 y2 54445. 61 1. 594

IX 54949. 97 2. 134

3d8 (a 3F)4d e

2H 5/2 52113. 91 -661. 56 1. 13

4/2 52775. 47 0. 97 3d7 4s (a 5 F)4d e ®H 7X 53822. 08 -630. 30

-495. 30

-365. 28

-207. 68 -34. 70

1. 34

6X 54452. 38 1. 289

3d8 (a 3 F)4d e

2 G 434 52156. 46 -700. 22 1. 12 5X 54947. 68 1. 22

3/2 52856. 68 0. 92 4K 55312. 96 1. 108

3X 55520. 64 0. 922

3d8 (a 3 F)4d e

2 D 2% 52460. 10 -883. 17

0. 92 2X 55555. 34

IX 53343. 27 0. 80

3d7 4s (a ®F)4d /

4 P 2 y2 53936. 68 1. 46

18° 3y2 52^76. 64 IX

IX

0/2 19° 52498. 17

23° IX 64165. 35 1. 353

f 2y2 1 ix

20°

}52526. 04 24° 3X 54398. 60

3

7 4s (6 3F)5s g

2 F 3y2 52763. 68 -940. 46 0. 933 1 2X 54561. 74 1. 323

2y2 53704. 14 0. 923

v

4 F° 4/2 54791. 2 -522. 8 -370. 7

61. 9

3

7 4s (6 3F)5s h

4F 4X 52864 41 -830. 16 564 18

1. 307 3/2 55314• 04:

3^2 53694. 57 1. 28: 2X 55684 7 2y2 54258. 75 - 167. 89 0. 986 IX 55622. 84

ix 54426. 64 0. 422

25° 4K 54874- 08

21° / ±x

l 3/2 168065. 96: 26° 3X 54932. 32 u 2 D° IX 58074 92

121. 06 0. 823 27° 2X 55061. 49 1. 539

2y2 58195. 98 1. 206

2 IX 55078. 76 1. 46:

s

2 F° 3X

2y2 58108. 78

58146. 91: -43. 13 1. 136

28° 3X 55120. SO: 3d8 (*G)4p v

2 G° *X 53276. 02 -97. 51 1. 124 3 3X 55223. 14 1. 14 3X 53873. 53 0. 888

29° 2X 55387. 11: 1. 170

22° 3/2 58468. 10

3d7 4s (a ®F)4d /

4 G 5/2 53511. 83 -646. 34

-356. 50

-650. 96

1. 274

30° 2K 55508. 78

4/2 3y2 2/2

54158. 17 54514 67

55165. 63:

1. 25:

1. 23: 4 2/2

r 2M

l ix

55598. 74

3d7 4s (a ®F)4d /

4 H 6^2 53618. 08 -697. 59

-545. 26

-407. 82

1. 227 5 j-55721. 01

5/2

4/2 54315. 67

54860. 93

1. 168

1. 10: 31° ix 55787. 87

3y2 55268. 75 0. 857

3d7 4s (a 5F)4d / ®F 5/2 53660. 37 -696. 08

-540. 12 -386. 45

-294. 26

1. 421

32° IX 55818. 91 1. 31: 4X

3X

2X

1/2 oy2

54356. 45

54896. 57

55283. 02

55577. 28:

1. 403

1. 27

1. 17

1. 07

6

33°

oy2

{ 2y2 X ix

55826. 81

155922. 3

3d7 4s (a 5F) 4d /

4 D 3y2 2y2 53702. 13

54282. 73: -580. 60 1. 377 34° f 2y2 X ix 156101. 84: IX

0/2 35° / 2X

l iX 156222. 04: 3d7 4s (a 8F)4d e ®D 4/2 53725. 20 -627. 10 -594. 60

-460. 20

1. 387

3% 54352. 30 1. 48 3d8

(

3 P)5s q

k p 2X 56545. 51: 2y2 ix

54946. 90

55407. 10:

1. 47:

2. 14 ixox

3d7 4s (a 5F)4d e ®G

oy2 6/2 53728. 36: -639. 07

-315. 48

-306. 71 -460. 35

60. 24

1. 35

g

4 H 6/2 5/2 57922. 06

58441. 03 -518. 97 - 232. 70

-641. 09 5X

4y2 54367. 4354682. 91

1. 320

1. 23

4y2 ax

58673. 73

59314. 82: 3y2 2y2 IX

54989. 62: 55449. 97

55389. 73

1. 23

1. 199 36° { 4J4

l 3/2 ^58187. 39 0. 920

3d7 4s (a 5F)4d i

4 F 4y2 3y2 2y2

53788. 78

54477. 07

54904. 99

-688. 29

-427. 92

1. 316

0. 85

37° 3X

X 2X 159388. 89

Co n (a iX 3 F4) Limit 63438

March 1951.

675475 0 - 63 -8
82

S3«HHQH>

35H

to«OoO

<u

<L> >O weO«e 9e Q Q

PhPh e -o

Al3. s

Al

ss. e

Al£

ww ww

oo^ C* ooco ^

S-^

PHPH PHPH

'l- «o ^ QQ QQ

<»

W

V s~,

Ph P=i Ph Ph

<» <o

w O o o o o o oo oo oo

S5 £l MM H M O o PHPH

5i 5* O o Ofl o o pHpH

co <* t4 M O O QQ O O o o QQ

£l 5s mm Q3m

PhN2 o ° o fl? + QN

s> 2 H o o o

Ph Ph Ph H 3>

wnOo

Ph

ci3 w o o OO*• N 3 H o o pHpH

•«

N 3 « wNHooN3 0 O QQO O

Ph Ph

-«• « H ^

Ph

Cl3oGQNH

Ph2 O

Ph£<

<» <» r© cf

PhPh PhPh

-* c* Qe%o +

"a

CO bb'w

tc

w

Cl » o ». O ^

00 <N

j! Pho

Ph

CO PH

*o g g 9 %

Ph

oo HOoo 8,00 pT 9

*» e o TP Tt< % % T3 *83 % % % co CO co CO CO CO co CO CO o

T3CO

Ph

W Q

"Q

CO

"C3 CO*o

CO

*For

predicted

terms

of

the

Coi

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

II,

Introduction.

Limits

with

prefixes

“a”,

“b”

are

known

in

Con.

The

remaining

limit

terms

are

arranged

in

the

order

of

their

appearance

in

the

term

table.
83

Co n

(Fe i sequence; 26 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s

2 3p* 3d8 3F4

a

3F4 137572 cm-1

I. P. 17.05 volts

In 1930 Findlay published 15 terms and 194 classified lines in the range between 1940.64 A

and 3621.22 A. With the aid of observed Zeeman patterns he revised and extended the early

work by Meggers, using Meggers’ line list and some additional observations of his own. From

a Rydberg formula he determined an ionization potential based on the ns 5,3F series (ti=4,5).

Russell has recently improved this value by applying a revised Ritz correction to the Rydberg

series. The revised value of the limit is quoted here.

A set of plates taken by Kiess at the National Bureau of Standards for wave lengths greater

than 2000 A, and a set taken in Shenstone’s laboratory at Princeton for the region of wave

length less than 2000 A, have made it possible to study the spectrum further. With this

material Hager has recently extended the analysis especially for inclusion here. He has

provisionally submitted in manuscript 10 additional terms and nearly 100 newly classified

lines from his own measurements combined with the earlier ones. His line fist extends from

1226.970 A to 5192.947 A. This work is now in progress aDd will doubtless be extended appreciably in the near future. He has suggested one change in Findlay’s paper, namely, that

the level at 63616.0 be designated TDj instead of 3 P2

. All ^-values in the table except those for the 4p

5P° term, for z

5Dq, and for the changed

level, have been determined by Miss Weeks from films taken at the Massachusetts Institute

of Technology. Her manuscript was submitted in advance of publication.

The triplet and quintet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem

combinations.

REFERENCES

J. H. Findlay, Phys. Rev. 36, 5 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 618 (1950). (I P) D. W. Weeks, unpublished material (March 1950). (Z E)

N. E. Hager, Jr., unpublished material (April 1951). (T) (C L)
84

Co II Co II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d8 a 3 F 4 0. 0 -950. 3 -646. 9

3d7 (a 4 F)4p z 3 G° 5 48555. 9 -792. 3 -687. 7

1. 19 32

950. 3

1597. 2 43

49348. 2

50085. 9 1 . Ill 0. 811

3d7 (a 4F)4s a 5F 5 3350. 5 -678. 4 -531. 9 -389. 2 -254. 5

1. 406 3d7 (a 4 F)4p z 3F° 4 49697. 5 -684. 1 -532. 2

1. 197 4 4028. 9 1. 34 3 50381. 6 1 . 059 32 4560. 8

4950. 0 1 . 26

0. 990 2 50918. 8 0. 689 1 5204. 5 0. 008 3d7 (a 4 F)4p z 3 D° 3 51512. 2 -717. 4 -454. 9

1. 33 2 52229. 6 1. 167

3d7 (a 4 F) 4s

b 3 F 4 9812. 7 -895. 4 -613. 4 1. 257 1 52684. 5 0. 524 3 10708. 1 1 . 087 2 11321. 5 0. 683 3d7 (a 4 P)4p Z 5S° 2 56010. 6 2. 00

3d8 a 3 P 2 13261. 1 - 143. 5 - 188. 9

3d7 (a 4 P)4p y 5 D° 4 61388. 1 147. 3 -19. 3 -88. 4 - 109. 4

1. 442 10

13404. 6 13593. 5 32 61240. 8

61260. 1

1. 504

1. 490 1 61348. 5?

3d7 (a 4 P) 4s a 6P 3 17771. 5 260 0

1. 671 0 61457. 9 0. 000 2 18031. 5 -307. 0 1 . 82 1 18338. 5 2. 50 3d7 (a 4 P)4p z 3 S° 1 62440. 2 3d7 (a 4 P) 4s 5*P 2 24074. 6 -193. 2 -143. 7

3d7 (a 4 P)4p z 5 P° 3 68844 1 - 22. 8 -298. 1

1. 67 1 24267. 8 2 63866. 9 1 . 86 0 24411. 5 1 63665. 0 2. 62 3d7 (a 2 P) 4s c 3 P 2 24886. 5 3d7 (a 4 P)4p y 3 D° 3 63587. 0 -29. 0 -249. 2 1 2 63616. 0 1. 33 0 1 63865. 2 a 3 D 3 27484. 3 -627. 6

526. 6

-619. 0 -423. 9 -270. 8

3d6 4s (a 6 D)4p

x 5 D° 4 80299. 2 -243. 6 -245. 9 - 182. 7 - 195. 3

373 0

3d6 4s2 a 6 D 21432

28111. 9 27585. 3 40694. 9 41313. 9 41737. 8 3d6 4s (a 6 D)4p

y 5 F° 32105

80542. 8

80788. 7 80971. 4 81066. 7? 81970. 9 1 42008. 6 4 82343. 9 -284. 3 0 39 82628. 2 3d7 (a 4 F)4p z ®F° 5 45197. 8 -181. 0 -593. 3 -480. 5 -333. 7

-718. 2 -498. 1 -311. 4 - 146. 6

1. 396 1 4 45878. 8 1. 407 3 45972. 1 1. 303 3d7 fa 4 F)5s e 5 F 5 84012. 3 -572. 5 -580. 5 -428. 6 -280. 2 2 46452. 6 1. 058 4 84584. 8 1. 34

3d7 (a 4 F)4p z 5 D° 14

46786. 8

46320. 8

0. 06

1. 442 321

85165. 3 85593. 9 85874. 1

1. 242 3 47039. 0 1. 43 2 47537. 1 1. 43 3d6 4s (a 6 D)4p 2/ 5 P° 3 85044- 3 -668. 3 -421. 8 10

47848. 5

47995. 1

1. 42

0/0 21 85712. 6 86134. 4 3d7 (a 4 F)4p z ®G° 6 47078. 2 -267. 5 -461. 5 -343. 5 -237. 4

1. 350 3d7 (a 4 F)5s e 3 F 4 85479. 2 -864. 6 -593. 91. 217 54

47345. 7 47807. 2

1. 260

1. 154 32 86343. 8 86937. 7

1. 08

0. 472 3 48150. 7 0. 92 2 48888. 1 0. 35

Co hi ( 4 F4h) Limit 137572

May 1951.
Co ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

8 + Observed Terms

3

8 a

3 P a

3 F

3d6 4s2 a

5 D

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

3d7 (a 4 F)7iz

{

a, e

5 F

b, e

3 F

o on o 2

5F°

2

3 F°

2

5 G°

2

3 G°

3d7 (a 4 P)nx fa 5 P

\b 3 P

z ®S°

z

3 S°

2

3 P° y5 D°

y

3 D°

3d8 4s (a 6 D)na: y

5 P° x6 D° y

6 F°

3d7 (a 2 P)nx c

3 P

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Fe i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Co in

(Mn i sequence; 25 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d7 4F4^

a

4F4H 270200 cm-1

I. P. 33.49 volts

The analysis has been done by Shenstone especially for inclusion here. He has submitted,

in manuscript form, the terms listed below. His observations extend from 650 A to 2250 A.

There are at present more than 350 classified lines. Observed intersystem combinations

connect the quartet and sextet systems of terms. His value of the ionization potential,

determined from the ns 6D series (ji= 4, 5) on the assumption that the Ritz correction, a, is the same for Co hi as for Fe in, is 268963 cm-1

. From a study of isoelectronic data Catalan

has derived an improved value, which is quoted here.

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (November 1951). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P)
86

Co in Co

m

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d7 a 4 F 4/2 0. 0

841 2 3d8 (5 D)4p 2 ®F° 5/ 108245. 0 -141. 7 -115. 0 -92. 0

-62. 0 -35. 1

3/2 2H

iy2

841. 2

1451. 3

1866. 8

-610. 1 -415. 5 4/

3H

2/

103386. 7 103501. 7 103593. 7 3d7 o 4 P 15201. 9 -226. 3 -383. 2

1/2 OH

103655. 7 103690. 8

1/2 0/2 15428. 2

15811. 4 3d8 (5 D)4p 2«P° 3H 105008. 7 -956. 4 -626. 8 3d7 a 2 G 4/2 16977. 7 -788. 5

2/2

1/2 105965. 1 106591. 9

3/2 17766. 2 3d9 (6 D)4p 2 4 D° 3/ 106489. 1 -465. 6 -342. 3 -210. 6 3d7 a 2H 5/ 22720. 3 -714 0 2/ 106954. 7

4J5 23434. 3 1/2 107297. 0 O/2 107507. 6 3d7 a 2 D 2/2 23058. 8? 1 H 3d6 (5 D)4p 2 4 F° 4H 106764- 9 -765. 2 -522. 8 -350. 5 3d8 (5D)4s a 8D 4H 46438. 3 564 8

3H

2H

107580. 1 108052. 9

3/2 47003. 1 412 3

1/2 108403. 4

2/2

1/2 47415. 4

47698. 6 -283. 2 -166. 2 3d6 (5D)4p 2 4 P° 2/2 110371. 2 -590. 3 -321. 6

0/2 47864. 8 1/2 110961. 5

0/2 111283. 1 3d8 (8D)4s a 4 D 3/2 55729. 2 -644. 6 421 0

3d«( 2/2 56373. 8 3 P)4p 2/ 124597. 1? 4 P° 2/2

1/2 56794. 8 -242! 6

1/2 0/2 57036. 8 O/2 3d8 (*P)4s b 4 P 2/2 70933. 7 1407 9 3d6 (3H)4p 2 4 G° 5/ 124766. 1 -246. 3 -214. 6 -141. 9

1/2 0/2 72341. 6 73214. 7 -873. 1 4/

3H

125012. 4

125227. 0

2H 125368. 9

3d8 (3H)4s a 4 H 6/2 71623. 1 -250. 6

5/2 90Q fi 71873. 7 3d6 (3H)4p 2 4 H° 6/2 125276. 2 -20. 0 -125. 3 -268. 9

4/2

3/2 72083. 3

72270. 1 - 186. 8 5/

4/

125296. 2

125421. 5

3/ 125690. 4 3d8 (*F)4s b 4 F 4/2 73286. 0 -254. 2 -186. 4 134 7

3/2 73540. 2 3d6 (3 P)4p 2 2 D° 2/ 125769. 8?

2/2 73726. 6 1/

1/2 73861. 3 3d6 (3 H)4p 2 4 I° 7H 126119. 0 -356. 4 -25. 8

261. 8

3d«(*G)4s a 4 G 5/2 76518. 7 fift9 7 6/2 126475. 4

4/2

3/2

2/2

77121. 4

77383. 1 77472. 0 -261. 7 -88. 9 5/

4/

126501. 2

126239. 4 3d8 (3 P)4p y 4 D° 3/ 126549. 4 -1535. 8 -337. 9 -113. 2 3d8 (*H)4s b 2 H 5/2 77411. 5 91 1 d. 2/2 128085. 2

4/2 77622. 9 I/2 128423. 1 O/2 128536. 3

3d8 (3 F)4s a 2 F 3/2 78927. 6 -497. 4

234 79425. 0 3d8 (3 F)4p

y 4 F° 1/ 126987. 4 -116. 7 b 2 G

2/ 126870. 7 3d8 (3 G) 4s 4/2 82363. 2 -557. 2 3/ 126892. 1 21. 4

3/2 82920. 4 4/2 126998. 1 106. 0

3d8 Cl) 4s an 6/

5/2 85474. 1 85517. 3 -43. 2 3d6 (3 H)4p 2 2 G° 4K

3/

127050. 8

127817. 6 -266. 8 3d8 ( 1 G)4s c 2 G 4/2 3/2 86283. 7

86326. 9 -43. 2 3d6 (3 H)4p 2 2 I° 6/2 5/

127672. 8

128258. 9 -586. 1 3d8 (5D)4p 2 6 D° 4/ 98290. 8 -255. 3 -277. 6 -220. 3 -138. 7

3/ 98545. 6 3d 3/ 8 (3 F)4p z 4 D° 128017. 8 507 2

2/2 1H

98828. 2

99048. 5

2/

I/2 128525. 0

128804. 7 -279. 7 - 132. 2 O/2 99182. 2 O/2 128936. 9
87

Co in—Continued Co in—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d8 (*F)4p y

4 G° 5/ 129555. 0

36 3 4H

3/

2/

123592. 3

129706. 9

129746. 9

-114. 6 -40. 0

3d8 (

3 F)4p z *F° 3/ 1301 83. 9 -223. 4 2/ 130407. 3

3d8

(

3F)4p y

? G° 4/ 130802. 0 -477. 4 3/ 131279. 4 3d8

(

3H)4p z

JH° 5/

4/

131054. 3

131538. 1 -483. 9

3d8 (*G)4p x *G° 5/1

4//

3/

2/

131098. 1 131581. 6

131883. 8

-483. 5 -302. 2

3d8

(

3 G)4p x

4 F° 4/ 131887. 1 390 1 3/

2/

132277. 2

132489. 0 -211. 8

-103. 3 1/ 132592. 3

3d8

(

3 G)4p y ‘H° 6/ 132376. 6 iqn 0

5/

4/

3/

132506. 6

132587. 1 132623. 5

-80. 5 -36. 4

3d8 (*G)4p y *H° 5/ 134696. 0 -708. 0 4/ 135404.

3d8 (

3 G)4p 2/ *F° 2/ 136129. 3

160. 8 3/ 136290. 1

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d8

(

3 G)4p * J G° 4/ 137661. 3 -151. 0 3/ 137812. 3

3d«(il)4p x 2H° 4/ 138920. 7 216.8 5/ 139137. 5

3d6 (

1 G)4p w 2G° 4/ 140358. 3 -24. 6 3/ 140382. 9

3d6

(

1 G)4p x S F° 3/ 140646. 3 — 141. 0 2/ 140787. 3

3d6

(

1 G)4p w 2 H° 5/

4/

141190. 8

141347. 2 - 156. 4

3d6

(

1 I)4p y

a I° 6/ 141 868. 8 -5. 0 5/ 141873. 8

3d8

(

3 P')4p z

4 S° 1/ 155702. 4 3d6 (

3 P')4p X

4 P° 2/ 156291. 4 1/

0/

3d8

(

5D) 58 e

8D 4/ 169527. 7 3/

2/

1/

0/

Co iv (

5D4) Limit 270200

November 1951.

Co iii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s* 2p8 3s* 3

p

8 +

Observed Terms

3<P |o 4P

a *D

a 4F

a *G 0 *H

ns (n>4) np (n> 4)

3d8 (*D) nx {

0, e

8 D

0 4 D

O

O

PhPh

«d z

8 D°

z

4 D°

z

8F°

z

4F°

3dt (}'P)nx 4P y

4 P°

to dd0

0

3d8

(

3H)nz

{

a 4H

6 *H

z

4 G°

z *G°

z

4H° z4I°

z *H° z *1°

3d8 (

3F) nz

{

6

4F

a *F

*

4 D° y*F°

z *F°

2/ 4 G°

y

3 G°

3d8 (

3 G)nz

{ a 4 G

b *G

z

4F°

y*F°

z 4 G°

z *G°

y

4H°

y*H°

3d8 (‘I)nx a*I z *H° y

*1° 3d8

(

1 G)nx c *G x *F° u>*G° to 2H°

3d8 (*P')nz z

4 S° a; 4P°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Mn i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. u, Introduction.
88

Co iv

(Cr i sequence; 24 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d6 5D4

a

5D4 cm-1

I. P. volts

From a study of isoelectronic sequence data, and especially by analogy with Fein, Morell,

in 1928, classified 9 lines between 1349 A and 1863 A as combinations between 3d5 (

6S)4s 7,5S

and 3d5

(

6S)4p 7,6P°. The present detailed analysis of Fern indicates the urgent need of

further investigation of the Co iv spectrum.

REFERENCE

L. Morell, Thesis (unpublished) Cornell University (1928). (T) (C L)

January 1950.

Co v

(V i sequence; 23 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

& 3s2 3

p

6 3d5 6S2^

a ®S2^ cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum is very incompletely known. In 1931 Miss Gilroy published 9 terms, and

57 classified lines between 412 A and 1488 A. Later, Kruger and Gilroy reported that the three

lin es from the ground term having the transition 3d5 6S—4p 6 P° were near 355 A, rather than

near 414 A, as was stated in the earlier paper. Consequently, the relative term values as published

in 1931 need revision. The accepted classifications are as follows:

Int. I. A. Wave No. Desig.

20 355. 523 281275 3d5 fl S2*-4p ®P°H

18 355. 876 280996 3

d

5 9S2*-4v6P°2* 12 356. 060 280851 3d* «S2H -4p °P?h

REFERENCES

H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 38, 2217 (1931). (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 48, 720 (1935). (T) (C L)

January 1950.
Co vi

89

(Ti i sequence ; 22 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3dA 5D0

a

5D0 cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis is by Bowen who has classified 103 lines in the range between 266 A and 306 A.

Intersystem combinations connecting the triplet and quintet systems of terms have been

observed, but no series are known.

Phillips and Kruger find the line measured by Bowen at 278.184 A as double, and classify

the weaker component as a

5D3 —z 5¥°

4

. This places z

5J?l at 360588 cm-1

, which is 102 cm-1 lower than Bowen’s value. Further study of this spectrum is needed.

REFERENCES

I. S. Bowen, Phys. Rev. 53, 889 (1938). (T) (C L)

L. W. Phillips and P. G. Kruger, Phys. Rev. 54, 839 (1938). (T) (C L)

Co vi Co VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a *D 0 0 208

378

543

660

3cP(a 4 F)4p 2 ®F° 1 858366 670

790

864

573

12

3

208

586

1129

2

34

859036

859826

360690

4 1789 5 361263

3d* o

3 P 0 27167 1291 2046

3d3 (a 4 F)4p 2

3 D° 1 359903 559

1033 12 28458

30504

2

3 360462

861495

3d* a

3 H 4 28381 423 3d? (a 4 F)4p 2

3 G° 3 864343 740

5 28804 429 4 365083 943

6 29233 5 366026

3d* a

3 F 2 30545 90

181

3d* (a 4 F)4p 2

3 F° 2 367560 854

902 3 30635 3 368414

4 30816 4 369316

3d* a *G 3 34024 449

379

3d? (a 4 P)4

p

2 ®P° 1 874556 694

4

5 34473

34852

2

3 875250

876363 1113

3d?(a 4 F)4p 2 *D° 0 3d? (a 2 G)4

p

y *G° 3 380634 1022

1 856754 525

742

907

4 881656 821

2 857279 5 382477

3 858021

4 858928 3d? (a 2 H)4p x

3 G° 5 396229 -191

-159 4 396420

3 896579

January 1949.
Co vi Observed Terms*

Config

Is* 2s* 2p« 3s* 3p8 +

Observed Terms

3d

4 / a

8D

\ a »P a *F a *G a *

H

np (n> 4)

3d* (a 4 F)nx /

z

5 D° z *F°

\ z *D° 2 *F° 2 *G°

3d* (a 4 P)nx 2

5 P°

3d* (a *G)nx y*G°

3d* (a *H)nx x

3 G°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ti i isoelectronic sequence,

see Vol. i, p. xxxvii.

Co vii

(Sc i sequence; 21 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d3 4FW

a

4Fi^ cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis is by Anderson and Mack who have classified 133 lines in the region between

415 A and 484 A. They have been unable to locate with certainty the 2P term having the configuration 3d3

, but they suggest tentatively for this term two possible pairs of levels whose

reality is not yet established, as follows:

J Level

IK

0x

28876?

29324?

29244?

29712?

Intersystem combinations connecting the doublet and quartet systems of terms have

been observed.

REFERENCE

E. E. Anderson and J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 59, 717 (1941). (T) (C L)
91

Co vn Co vn

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a

4 F 1% 0 698

912

3d* (a *F)4p 2

4 D° ox 451559 -344

1351

1591

2X 698 IX 451215

3X 1610 1113 2X 452566

4H 2723 3X 454157

3d* a

4 P OX 21096 208

883

3d* (a *F)4p 2 *D° ix 452709 1773 IX 21304 2X 454482?

2X 22187

3d* (a *F)4p 2 *G° 3X 459170 1417

3d* a *G 3X 24151 912 *X 460587

*X 25063

3d* (a *P)4p 2

4 S° ix 465290

3d* a *D 2X

IX

31348

31555? -2073d* (a *P)4p y

4 D° ox 469358t 1017

1505

2187

ix 470375

3d* a *H 4H 33251 622 2X 471880

5X 33873 3X 474067

3d* (a *F)4p z

4 G° 2X 445761 1553 3d* (a *P)4p 24 P° OX 474575 581

1436 3X 447814 1 QQ1 ix 475156

4X 449305 2505 2X 476592

5X 4518lot

3d* (a ‘G)4p y *G° 3X 476054 234

3d* (a *F)4p z

4 F° IX 446966 m«R 4H 476288

2X 448051 1389

1549 3X 449440 3d* (a »G)4p 2 *H° 4X 485616 1968 *X 450989 5X 487584

3d* (a *F)4p 2*F° 2X 450865 1144

3X 452009

December 1948.

Co vn Observed Terms*

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sc i isoelectronic sequence, see

Vol. i, p. xxxvi.
92

Co viii

(Cai sequence; 20 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

e 3s2 3p* 3d2 3 F2

a

3 F2 cm-1

I. P. volts

Although 27 lines between 181 A and 192 A were reported as classified in 1933, later study

of the spectra of this sequence by Edlen indicates that the early interpretation is incorrect.

REFERENCES

W. M. Cady, Phys. Rev. 43, 325 (1933). (T) (C L) B. Edl6n, letter (Feb. 1949).

February 1949.

Co XI

(Cl i sequence; 17 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3^>5 2 P°^

3p

5 2Ply2 2462000 cm-1

I. P. 305 volts

Edlen has classified six lines in the region between 81 A and 84 A, as combinations from

the ground term. He has estimated the value of the limit by extrapolation along the isoelectronic

sequence, as indicated by brackets in the table.

His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1 REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 104, 407 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

Co xi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s2 3

p

5 3p52 P° iy2 0H

0

19280 - 19280

3s2 3p4 (*P)4s 4s 4 P 2/2

1/2 1189920

0/2

3s2 3p4 (

3 P)4s 4s 2 P 1/2 1202070 -9660

0/2 1211730

3s2 3p4 (

1 D)4s 4s' J D 2/2 1226890 -720

1 X 1227610

Co xn (*P2) Limit ... [2462000]

January 1948.
Co xiv

93

(Si i sequence; 14 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2

2 2p6 3s2 3^>2 3 P0

3p

2 3 P0 cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has predicted the interval between the

two lowest levels (3p

2 3 P0 —3p2 3 Pi) to be 8448 A, or 11834 cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 58 (1942). (C L)

October 1947.

Co xv

(A1 1 sequence; 13 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p2Pq^

3p2Pj^ cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has classified 2 lines as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

52. 583

53. 173

12 1901750

1880650 J 3p 2 P° —4d 2 D

His unit, 103 cm *, is here changed to cm h

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 540 (1936). (C L)

December 1947.
94

Co xvi

(Mg i sequence; 12 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2

3s2 »S0 4133000 cm-1

I. P. 512 volts

Edlen has classified 8 lines in the region between 49 A and 61 A. No singlet combinations

have been observed and the triplet terms are not connected by observed combinations. He has

determined the relative positions of the terms and also the ionization potential by extrapolation

along the isoelectronic sequence. Estimated values are denoted by brackets in the table.

Edl6n’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl<5n, Zeit. Phys. 103, 536 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Co xvi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s3 3s2 iS 0 0

3s(J S)3p 3v *P° 0

1 [258S10]+x 17280

2 275590 +x

3s(*S)3d 3d »D 123 734890 +x

3s(2 S)4p 4p »P° 1 [2106020]

3s(3 S)4d 4d *D 1 2259150 +x 840

1420 2 2259990 +x

3 2261410 +x

3s(2 S)4/ 4/ *F° 2

34 23^8260 +x

Co xvn (

2S„h) Limit --- [4133000]

August 1947.
Co xvn

Z=27

95

(Na i sequence; 11 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s 2S0«

3s 2S0^ 4410480 cm-1

I. P. 547 volts

Edl&n has classified 10 lines in the interval 41 A to 58 A, and extrapolated the absolute value

of the ground term from isoelectronic sequence data. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed

to cm-1. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 100, 621 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Co xvn

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

38 3s J S ox 0

3V 3p

l P° 0H

i X

298550

818980 25380

3d Zd J D iH

2X

721600

725230 3630

4s 4s *S 0H 2078910

4p 4p*P° 0H

i H

2196500

2206580 10080

4d 4d 3 D 1H

2H

2352650

2354220 1570

4/ 4/*F° 2H

3H

2481500

2422180 630

5/ 5/ 2 F° 2H

3H 8137080

Co xviii 0S0) Limit [4410480]

June 1947.
96

Co xviii

(Ne i sequence; 10 electrons) Z=27

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 'S0

2p

& 'S0 11316400 cm-1 I P. 1403 volts

Tyren has classified seven lines in the region 12 A to 15 A, as combinations with the ground

term. His absolute term values have been derived by extrapolation along the Ne i isoelectronic

sequence.

By analogy with Ne i the ^/-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah is introduced.

The unit adopted by Tyren, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

F. Tyr6n, Zeit. Phys. Ill, 314 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942).

Co xviii Co xviii

Author Config. Desig. j Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

2V ’So 2s2 2

p

8 2J S 0 0 3d 3 Di 2s2 2p5

(2 P8 H)3d 3d'[lK]° 1 7837300

3s J Pi

2s2 2p5

(

2 Pfo)3s 3s [1 y2]° 2

1 6477900 3p' ®Pi

2s 2p6 (

2 S)3p 3v

3 P° 2

10

1

7898300

3s J Pi

2s2 2p*(2 P§*)3

s

3s' [oy2]° 0

1 6592400 3v' 'Pi 2s 2pB (

2 S)3p 3v 'P° 7937100

3d 3 Pi

2s2 2p5

(

2 P!H)3d 3d [o y2 ]° 0

1 7124500 Co xix(2 Pih) Limit [11316400]

3d iP, // 3d [i y2]° 1 7214000 Co xix(2 Po^) Limit — 11437600

April 1947.
97

28 electrons

NICKEL

Nil

Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p& 3s2 3p

6 3d

8 4s

2 3F4

a

3F4 61579 cm-1

I. P. 7.633 volts

The analysis is by Russell, who revised and extended the earlier work on this spectrum

and published 1071 classified lines in the interval between 1963 A and 18040 A. Subsequently,

Meggers and Kiess observed the infrared region and classified 39 lines between 8580 A and

10979 A. Eighty-one terms are known, and observed intersystem combinations connect the

terms of all three multiplicities.

Burns and Sullivan have made accurate measurements with the interferometer, of Ni i lines observed in the vacuum arc between 2173 A and 8968 A. Their observations confirm in

detail Russell’s analysis, as well as the great majority of Ni i lines identified in the solar spectrum

from predicted wavelengths. They have “measured by interference some four hundred Nil

lines not hitherto observed”. From these accurate wavelengths they have derived many

improved values of the known energy levels. Their results are recorded in the table except

for the levels /

3Pi, e

6G4, and g5F6 , for which the writer has derived the values quoted here.

For all remaining levels, Russell’s values are given.

Loyarte and Williams have observed the absorption spectrum of nickel and suggested

the following rearrangement of nine levels given by Russell:

Loyarte and

Williams Russell Level Obs. g

2

3 D3 la 40361. 24

2

3 D2 y3 P2

° 42653. 58

2

3 Dj u;

3 D? 45122. 37 0. 57

y

3 F4 x3 f; 42584. 87 1. 35

y

3 F3 x3 F°? 43654. 82 1. 24

y

3 F2 x 'T>Z 43933. 39 1. 48

x

3 F4 x3 D° 42620. 94

x 8 F3 w 3 D3° 42767. 79 1. 22

x

3 F2 x

3 D° 42954. 77 0. 840

The observed <7-value for the level at 43933 fits neither designation. The observed combinations

confirm *7=3 for the level at 42620. The intensity behavior in the multiplets supports Russell’s

assignments, and his interpretation is quoted in the table.

The observed gr-values are chiefly from the paper by Lindsley, but some are from the two

other papers quoted for Zeeman effect. A theoretical discussion of some of the configuration

assignments is given by Marvin.
98

Ni I—Continued

Russell derives the limit 61579 cm-1 from the 3 D and *D terms of the 3d 9 (a 2D)ns series

[n= 4,5,6], by using a Ritz formula. He remarks that the 3 D3 and 3 D2 levels evidently converge to the lower component, a

2 D2y2 , of the ground term of Ni n; while 3 DX and T)2 converge to a

2DX which lies 1507 cm-1 higher. He notes that “The correlation of the term components and their

limits is of the inverted type pointed out by Shenstone . . . All the terms arising from

the a

2D limit of Ni ii show the same inverted convergence.”

In “normal” convergence only one level converges to that component of the limit term

having the larger J-value. The shifting that occurs when two levels converge to this component,

etc., as in this case, is referred to as “inverted” convergence.

Racah has pointed out that for levels from the 3d9 nx configuration, the ^-coupling notation is preferable, as for the inert gases. This notation can be worked out for Ni i from the

auxiliary table given in the text for Cu n.REFERENCES

H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 34, 821 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L) R. G. Loyarte und A. T. Williams, Phys. Zeit. 30, 634 (1929). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and C. C. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, 323, RP 473 (1932). (C L)

H. H. Marvin and A. E. Baragar, Phys. Rev. 43, 973 (1933). (Z E)

H. H. Marvin, Phys. Rev. 44, 818 (1933).

H. Dijkstra, Physica 4, 81 (1937). (Z E)

C. H. Lindsley, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 32, 94 (1942). (Z E) K. Burns and F. Sullivan, Science Studies St. Bonaventure College 13, No. 3 (June 1947); 14, No. 3 (June 1948). (T)

K. G. Kessler, Phys. Rev. 79, 167 (L) (1950). (hfs) G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942) and private communication (June 1951).

Nil Nil

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d8 4s

2 a3 F 4

3

2

0. 000

1332. 153

2216. 519

-1332. 153

-884. 366

1. 250

1. 083

0. 671

3d9 (a 2 D)4p 2

3 P° 2

10

28569. 210

29500. 690

30192. 268

-931. 480

-691. 578

1. 485

1. 426

3d9 (a 2 D)4s a

3 D 3

2

1

204. 786

879. 813

1713. 080

-675. 027

-833. 267

1. 332

1. 149

0. 497

3d9 (a 2 D)4p 2

3 F° 4

3

2

29481. 020

29320. 782

30619. 44O

160. 238

-1298. 658

1. 287

1. 086

0. 740

3d9 (a 2 D) 4s 3d9 (a 2 D)4p 2

3 D° 3 29668. 918 -219. 587

-1024. 333

1. 300

a *D 2 3409. 925 1. 014 2

1 29888. 505

30912. 838

1. 044

0. 552

3d8 4s2 6

4 D 2 13521. 352 1. 143 3d8 4s(a 2 F)4p 2

3 G° 5 30922. 763 57 026 1. 21 4 30979. 789 -806. 421 1. 052

3d19 a >S 0 14728. 847 3 31786. 210 0. 761

3d8 4s2 a

3 P 2 15609. 861 -124. 157

-283. 299

1. 356 3d9 (a 2 D)4p 2

4F° 3 31031. 042 1. 048

1 15734. 018 1. 497

0 16017. 317 3d9 (a 2 D)4p 2 >D° 2 31441. 665 1. 060

3d8 4s2 a *G 4 22102. 349 0. 99 3d8 4s (a 2 F)4p y

3 F° 4 32973. 414 -138. 954

-498. 548

1. 22

3 33112. 368 1. 193 3d8 4s (a 4 F)4

p

2

5D° 4

3

25753. 578

26665. 903 -912. 325

-748. 990

-528. 650

-269. 454

1. 51

1. 50

2 33610. 916 0. 79

2 27414- 893 1. 49 3

d

e (a 2 D)4p 2 ip° 1 32982. 280 1. 005

1 27943. 543 1. 486

0 28212. 997 3d8 4s (a 2 F)4p y

3 D° 3 33500. 854 -662. 440

-245. 280

1. 198

3d8 4s (a 4 F)4p 2

6 G° 6 27260. 891 -319. 520

-487. 680

-509. 955

-435. 182

1. 32

2

1 34163. 294

34408. 574

1. 19

0. 511

5

4 27580. 411

28068. 091

1. 28

1. 171 3d8 4s (a 2 F)4p 2

l G° 4 33590. 159 1. 035

3 28578. 046 0. 945

2 29013. 228 0. 364 3d8 4s (a 2 F)4p y

1 F° 3 35639. 148 1. 013

3d8 4s (a 4 F)4p 2

BF° 5 28542. 113 -542. 365

-748. 332

-330. 330

-228. 912

1. 38 3d8 4s (0 2 F)4p y

0 2 36600. 805 1. 013

4 29084. 478 1. 288

3 29832. 810 1. 208 l° 3 40361. 254

2 30163. 140 0. 985

1 30392. 052 0. 006 2° 2 40484. 282
99

Ni I—Continued Ni I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3

8 4s (b 2 D)4p x

3 F° 4 425S5. 296 - 1069. 678 1. 35 3d® (a 2 D)4d /3 D 3 49271. 578 -56. 267 - 1389. 082

1. 32

3

2

48664. 9741 1. 24 2

1 49327. 845

50716. 927 0. 45

3d9 (a 2 D)5s e

3 D 3 42605. 964 isu nfiR 1. 34 3d® (a 2 D)5p u3 D° 3 49327. 56

142. 41 -1666. 07

2

1 42790. 02744112. 192 -1322. 165 1. 085 2

1 49185. 146

50851. 22

3

8 4s (6 2 D)4p x

3D° 3 42621. 048 -333. 186 3d® (a 2D)4d e

3 F 4 49332. 643

18. 792

-1520. 584

2

1 42954- 284 0. 840 3

2 49313. 851

50834. 435

3

8 4s (b 2 D)4p y

3 P° 2 42653. 723 -2. 594 3d® (a 2 D)5p w 1 F° 3 50142. 8

1 42656. 317 1. 32

0 3d® (a 2 D)5p X IP0 1 50458. 187

3d8 4j(a 4 F)4p w 3D° 3

2

1

42767. 900

44475. 158

45122. 460

-1707. 258 - 647. 302

1. 22

1. 16

0. 57

3d8 4s (a 4 F)5s /

3 F 4

3

2

50466. 172

51306. 085

52040. 568

-839. 913

-734. 483

1. 27

1. 08

3

8 4s (a 4 F)4p y

3 G° 5 43089. 636 1225 344 1. 23 3d® (a 2 D)4d eiP 1 50536. 742 1. 54

4

3 44314- 980

45281.152

-966. 172

1. 18

0. 78 3d® (a 2 D)5p w >D° 2 50689. 490

3

8 4s(a 4 F)4p w*F° 4 48258. 792 13f»fi 31 1. 25 3d»(a 2 D)4d e

4 G 4 50706. 310 1. 02

3 44565. 10 -853. 76

1. 04

3d9 (a 2 4541 8. 858 0. 68 2 D)4d /

X D 2 50754. 137

3d8 4s (6 2D)4p y

1 P° 1 43464 019 1. 39 3d8 4s (0 2 G)4p u 3 F° 4 50789. 5 -335. 3 -219. 0 X

1D° 1. 48

3 51124. 8

3d8 4s (6 2 D)4p 2 43933. 428 2 51843. 80

3d8 4s (6 2 D)4p x

1 F° 3 44206. 185 3d9 (a 2 D)4d e

4 F 3 50832. 039

3d8 (a 2 D)5s e

4 D 2 44262. 619 1. 09 3d9 (a 2 D)4d e *S 0 51457. 285

3° 44336. 10 3d9 (a 2 D)6s <7

3 D 3 52197. 482 -74. 234

-1432. 183 3d8 4s (o 4 P)4p x

3 P° 2 46522. 965 685 263

2

1 52271. 716

53703. 899

10

47208. 228

47686. 625

-478. 397 3d9 (a 2 D)6s g

1 D 2 53754. 036

3d8 4s(a 4 P)4p v

3 D° 3 47030. 148 109 244 1. 331 3d8 4s (a 2 F)5s g

3 F 4 54237. 136 -14. 217

-1622. 43

1. 27

2

1 47139. 392

47424. 830 -285. 438 1. 209

0. 726

3

2 54251. 35355873. 78

4° 2 47328. 85 3d9 (a 2 D)5d /

3 s 1 54574. 64

3d8 4s (a 4 F)5s e

SF 5 48466. 530 fiiQ c;nn 1. 40 3d9 (a 2 D)5d /3 G 5 54659. 759 -8. 169

-1504. 776 4

3

2

49086. 030

49777. 619

50346. 477

-691. 589

-568. 858

-398. 116

1. 33

1. 23

0. 95

4

3

54667. 928

56172. 704

1. 03

1 50744. 593 0. 07 3d9 (a 2 D)5d b

3 D 3 54699. 852 -32. 573

2 54732. 425?

3d9 (a 2 D)5p v

3 F° 4 48715. 2

43. 3 -1367. 3

1 3

2 48671. 9

50039. 18 3d9 (a 2 D)5d b

3 F 4 54761. 346 -11. 594

-1501. 576 3d9 (a 2 D)5p w 3 P° 2 48735. 308 668 11

3

2 54772. 940

56274. 516

1 49403. 42 -735. 11 0 501381 58 3d8 4s (a 2 F) 5s /

X F 3 55576. 905

5° 2,1 48817. 6 3d9 (a 2D)5d f'G 4 56183. 51 3d9 (a 2 D)5d g *F 3 56262. 92

3d® (a 2D)4d e

3 S 1 48953. 344 1. 92 3d8 4s (0 4 F)4d e

3 H 6 56624. 668 1 n^9 q«i 6° 3 49082. 589 5 57677. 649 -840. 46

4 58518. 11

3d® (a 2D)4d e

3 G 54

3

49158. 529

49174. 811

50677. 599

-16. 282

-1502. 788

1. 20

1. 05

0. 77

3d8 4s (0 4 F)4d /

3 P 2

10

56710. 889

57767. 52

58448. 79

-1056. 63 -681. 27

3d® (a 2 D)4d e

3 P 2 49159. 060 -12. 127 -1105. 167

1. 43 3d8 4s (0 4 F)4d i

3 F 4 56766. 523 1201 56

10

49171. 187

50276. 354

1. 00 3

2 57968. 08

58629. 84

-661. 76
100

Ni I—Continued

October 1949.

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Nii

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
Ni H

101

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z—28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p6 3d9 2D2^

a

2D2j* 146408 cm-1

I. P. 18.15 volts

The analysis is chiefly by Shenstone who has classified 242 lines in the interval from 1812 A

to 4362 A, from measurements by Meggers between 3500 A and 2150 A, supplemented by

his own observations in the short wave region. Further observations in the ultraviolet were

needed to locate the ground term, a

2D. This term was found independently by both Lang

and Menzies, who classified about 50 lines between 1252 A and 1952 A. The discovery of

this term indicated that 8391 cm-1 (Lang) or 8392.9 (Menzies) should be added to all of Shenstone’s values. An improved value by Shenstone, 8394.1, has been adopted here.

Intersystem combinations connecting the doublet and quartet systems of terms, have

been observed.

Shenstone has calculated the limit from the two levels a, e

4F4H , by assuming a Rydberg

series. This is known to be too high. The correction derived from longer series in related

spectra has been estimated by H. N. Russell as about —2792 cm-1. This adjustment has

been made in the limit quoted here.

The listed ^-values are from Lindsley; they are derived from measurements of Zeeman

patterns of 128 lines observed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 30, 255 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 31, 773 (1928); 33, 547 (1929). (T) (C L)

A. C. Menzies, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 122, 134 (1929). (T) (C L)

C. H. Lindsley, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 32, 387 (1942). (Z E)

A. G. Shenstone, letter (Oct. 1949). (T)

H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 619 (1950). (I P)

Ni II Ni II

Shenstone

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g ShenstoneConfig. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d® a

2 D 2/ 0. 0 -1506. 9

a 4 D^ 3d8 (

3 F)4p z

4D° 3/ 51558. 1 -1180. 5 -896. 5 -541. 0

1. 420

1/ 1506. 9 a

4Dg 2/ 52788. 6 1. 356

a

4 D3 ix 53685. 1 1. 186

a 4f; 3d8

(3 F)4s a 4 F 4/ 8394. 1 -936. 4 -785. 4 -548. 3

1. 35 a 4 D( ox 54176. 1 -0. 005

a 4F1

a

4 f; 3/2 2/

9330. 5 10115. 91. 24

1. 023 a*G' 3d8

(

3 F)4p z

4 G° 5X 58496. 8

131. 6 -897. 5 -756. 1

1. 305

a 4 Fj 1/ 10664. 2 0. 397 a

4 Gg 4/4 58865. 2 1. 156

c

4 Gi 3/ 54262. 7 1. 02

a 2 Fi 3d8

(3F)4s a

2 F 3/ 13550. 3 -1445. 3

1. 141 a

4 G3 2X 55018. 8 0. 616

a 2 Fg 2/ 14995. 6 0. 866

a 4 Fb 3d8

(3F)4p z

4F° 4X 54557. 8 -860. 6 -657. 3 -349. 4

1. 26

a 2 D3 3d8 0D)4s b

2 D 2/ 23108. 1 -688. 0

1. 428 a 4F4 3/ 55417. 9 1. 184

a 2 D2 1/2 23796. 1 1. 045 a 4F3 2/ 56075. 2 0. 985

a 4 F2 ix 56424- 6 0. 412

a

4p; 3d8

(

3P)4s a4 P 0/ 24835. 9 -47.8

247. 7

2. 667

a 4 P, l/2 24788. 1 1. 498 a

2 Gb 3d8

(3 F)4p z

2 G° 4X 55800. 0 -1071. 6

1. 152

a 4 Pg 2/ 25035. 8 1. 368 a 2 Gi 3X 56871. 6 0. 940

a 2 P; 3d*(3 P)4s a

2 P IX 29070. 6 -522. 5

1. 322 a

2 F4 3d8

(

3 F)4p z

2 F° 3X 57080. 8 -1412. 7

1. 154

a 2 P; 0/ 29593. 1 0. 670 a

2 F3 2X 58493. 0 0. 946

a

2 Gj 3d8 0G)4s a

2 G 4/ 32499. 4 -24 0

1. 135 a 2 Ds 3d8

(

3 F)4p 2

2 D° 2X 57419. 7 - 1285. 9

1. 116

a

3 G4 3/ 32523. 4 0. 895 a 2d; IX 58705. 6 0. 795
102

Ni II—Continued Ni II—Continued

Shenstone

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Shenstone

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

b

4 P3 3d8

(

3 P)4p z

4 P° 2/4 06570. 0 -8. 6 -451. 2

1. 48 c

2 s; 3d8

(

3 P)4p z

2 S° 0/ 74383. 0

b

4 P2 b

4 P

i

1/2 0/2 00570. 5

07050. 7

1. 550

2. 331 b

4S' 3d8 (3 P)4p 24S° 1/ 74300. 3

b

2 F3 3d8

(

x D)4p y

2 F° 2/ 07004- 0

436. 8

0. 960 b

2H5 3d8 (

x G)4p z

2 H° 4/ 75149. 6

572. 0

0. 903

6

2 Fi 3/ 68131. 0 1. 200 b

2 H6 5)4 75721. 6 1. 119

6

2d; 3d8

(

x D)4p y2D° 1/2 68154- 1 581. 2

1. 02 c

2 F3 3d8

(

x G)4p x2 F° 2% 75889. 5?

27. 8

b

2 Dg 2/2 68735. 3 1. 26 c

2 F4 3/ 75917. 3? 1. 16

b

2 Pi 3d8

(

x D)4p z2 P° 0/ 68281. 4 684. 1

1. 008 b

2 g; 3d8 (x G)4p y2 G° 3/ 79822. 7

101. 1 b

2 P2 I /2 68965. 5 1. 305 b

2 G'6 4/2 79923. 8

b

4 d; 3d8 (

3 P)4p y4 D° oy2 70748. 5 —41. 9 -71. 4

142. 2

d

4 f; 3d8

(

3 F)5s e

4 F 4/ 91798. 5 -525. 4 -1064. 1 -677. 1

1. 350

b

4 d; 1/ 70706. 6 1. 190 d

4 F; 3/ 92323. 9 1. 188

b

4 D3 2/ 70635. 2 1. 32 d

4 F3 2/ 93388. 0 1. 02

b

4 D^ 3/ 70777. 4 1. 38 d

4 F; I /2 94065. 1 0. 39

C

2 Dg 3d8 (

3 P) 4p x

2 D° 2/ 71770. 9 -604. 2

1. 240 d

2 F; 3d8

(

3 F)5s e

2 F 3/ 93526. 3 - 1200. 8

1. 166

c

2 Dz I /2 72375. 1 0. 844 d

2 F' 2/ 94727. 1 0. 865

c

2 P2 3d8

(

3 P)4p y2 P° 1/ 72985. 2 -917. 5

1. 326

Ni hi ( c

3 F4)

2 Pi O/2 73902. 7 1. 039 Limit —146408

October 1949.

Ni ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p8 +

Observed Terms

3d9 a

2 D

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

3d8

(3 F)nx /

a,e 4 F

\ a,e 2 F

z

4 D°

z

2 D°

O

O z

4 G°

2

2 G°

3d8

(

3 P)nx / o

4 P

\ a

2 P

z

4 S° z4 P° y4 D°

z

2 S° p2 P° x

2 D°

3d8

(

x G)nx a 2 G x 2 F° y2 G

ff 2

2 H°

3d8

(

1 D)nx b2 D 22 P° y2 D° y2 F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Co i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.
103

Ni ill (Fei sequence; 26 electrons) * Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

e 3s2 3_p6 3d

8 3F4 a

3F4 283700 cm-1

I. P. 36.16 volts

This spectrum has been analyzed by Shenstone especially for inclusion here. His observations cover the range 700 A to 3000 A. There are 165 classified lines, and the triplet and

quintet terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

Shenstone has determined the limit from the ns 6F series (n=4,5) by using a Ritz formula

and assuming a=0.17X 10-6

, to be 284400 cm-1

. From a study of isoelectronic data Catalan

has derived an improved value, which is quoted here.

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, unpublished material (May 1950). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P).

Ni in Ni hi

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3# a

3 F 43

2

0. 0

1360. 7

2269. 6

-1360. 7 -908. 9

3d7 0F)4p 2

3 D° 32

1

118745. 7 119670. 0

120272. 7

-924. 3 -602. 7

3d8 a

3 P 2 16661. 6 -316. 2 -252. 9

3d7 0P)4p 2 ®S° 2 122282. 3

10

16977. 8

17230. 7 3d7 0P)4p y

6 D° 0

1 129957. 6 -44. 8

41. 1 358. 4

3d7 OF) 4s a

5F 5 53703. 7 954 2

2 129912. 8

4

3

54657. 9 55406. 1 -748. 2 -545. 9 -356. 2

34

129953. 9

130312. 3

2

1 55952. 056308. 2 3d7 4p 1 ° 5,4 131500. 3

3d7 OF) 4s b

3 F 4

3

2

61339. 3

62606. 3 63472. 6 -1267. 0 -866. 3

3d7

(

2 G)4p y

3 F° 4

3

2

131792. 4

193158. 3

134232. 7 - 1365. 9 -1074. 4

3d7 OP) 4s a

5P 3

2

1

71067. 0

71383. 7

71841. 9 -316. 7 -458. 2 3d7 4p3d7 4p

2

°

3°

4

3

132156. 6 193095. 7 3d7

(

2 G)4s a

3 G 5 75123. 8 -523. 1 -590. 9

3d7 4p 4° 2, 1 133276. 8

4

3

75646. 9 76237. 8 3d7 4p 5° 5,4 133325. 1 3d7 OP) 4s 6

3 P 2 79143. 3 3d7 0P)4p 2

5 P° 3 133390. 8

109. 4

1 2 133500. 2 0 1 3d7 0F)4p z ®F° 5 110212. 4 158 7 3d7

(

2 G)4p y

3 G° 5 133691. 8 -723. 6 4 110371. 1 849 8 4 134415. 4

3 111220. 9 -693. 2 -487. 4

3

2 111914-

1 112401. 5 3d7 4p 6

° 5,4 134217. 8

3d7 0F)4p 2

6D° 4

3

2

111898. 5

112935. 3

113651.0

-1036. 8 -715. 7 -444. 4 -199. 8

3d7 4p

3d7 4p

70

8

°

3,2

3

134334. 9

136967. 4

10

114095. 4

114295. 2 3d7 4p 9° 3 138487. 5

3d7 4p 10° 2,1 140885. 5

3d7

(

4 F)4p 26 G° 6 112787. 4 -353. 4 -564. 2 -404. 9 -260. 9

5 113140. 8 3d7 OF) 5s e

5F 5 181018. 7

4 113705. 0 4

3 114109. 9 3 2 114370. 8 2

1 3<F(4F)4p 2

3 G° 54 115272. 5

116674- 5 -1402. 0 -868. 6 3d7 OF) 5s e

3 F 4

3 183053. 1 3 117543. 1 2 3d7 0F)4p 2

3 F° 4 116192. 1 -1058. 9 -864. 3 3 117251. 0 Ni iv(4 F4jj) Limit 283700

2 118115. 3

March 1951.
Ni m Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p

6 +

Observed Terms

3d8 a 3 P a

3 F

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

3d7 (

4 F)nx f o, e

5F z

5D° z5F° z

5 G°

\ b, e

3 F z

3 D° z3 F° z

3 G°

3d7 (

4 P)nx (a 5 P z

6S° z«P° y

6D°

\b 3 P

3d7 (

2 G)nx a 3 G y

3F° y

3 G°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Fei isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Intro- duction.

Ni V

(Cr i sequence; 24 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d& 5D4

a

6D4 cm-1

I. P. volts

From a study of isoelectronic sequence data, and especially by analogy with Fe hi, Morell

in 1928 classified 10 lines between 1123 A and 1501 A as combinations between 3cZ6

( 6S)4s 7,6S

and 3d6

(

6S)4;p 7,6P°. The present detailed analysis of Fe hi indicates the urgent need of further

investigation of the Ni v spectrum.

REFERENCE

L. Morell, Thesis (unpublished) Cornell University (1928). (T) (C L)

January 1950. Ni VI (V i sequence; 23 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

& 3

s

2 3p6 3d5 ®S2^

a

6S2^ cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum is very incompletely known. In 1931 Miss Gilroy published 6 terms, and

25 classified lines between 844 A and 1191 A. Later, Kruger and Gilroy classified three lines as

transitions from the ground term to 3d4 4p

6P° as follows

:

Int. I. A. Wave No. Desig.

400 260. 348 384101 3d5 «S 2^—4p 6 P§*

300 260. 591 383743 3d8 ®S 2h—4p ®P2^

250 260. 713 383564 3d5 fl S2^ —4p "Pf^

The later work indicates that the terms published in 1931 need revision.

REFERENCES

H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 38, 2217 (1931). (T) (CL)

P. G. Kruger and H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 48, 720 (1935). (T) (C L)

January 1950.
Ni vii

105

(Til sequence; 22 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3dA fi D0

a

6D0 cm-1

I. P. volts

The analysis is incomplete. Phillips and Kruger have classified 92 lines in the range

between 205 A and 229 A. Intersystem combinations connecting the triplet and quintet

systems of terms have been observed. No series have been found.

REFERENCE

L. W. Phillips and P. G. Kruger, Phys. Rev. 54, 839 (1938). (T) (C L)

Ni VII Ni Vii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d* a 5D 0 0 275 3d3 (a 4F)4p 2

5F° 1 469191 884

1040

959

856

12 275

802 527

718

2

3 470075

471115

3 1520 859 4 472074

4 2379 5 472980

3d* a 3 P 0 29334 1766 3d3 (a 4F)4p 2

3 D° 1 470528 730

1256 12 31100

33706 2606 2

3 471258

472514

3d* a

3H 4 31052 616 3d3 (a 4 F)4p 2

3 G° 3 475657 1002

1277 5

6 31668

32267 599 4

5 476659

477936

3d* a 3 F 2 33592 113 3d? {a 4 F)4p 2

3 F° 2 479848 1146

1145 34 33705

33961 256 3

4 480494

481689

3d* a 3 G 3 37551 p;Qn 3d* (a 4P)4p 2 *P° 1 486170 1058

1445 4

5 38141

38638 497 2

3 487228

488673

3d* (a 4 F)4p z

5D° 0 3d3 (a 2 G)4p y

3 G° 3 493139 1357

1251

1 4670^8 682 4 494496

2 467780 QR7 5 495747

3 468717 1153 4 469870 3d3 (a 2H)4p x

3 G° 5 510873 -228

-301 4 511101

3 511402

January 1949.
Nivu Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

8 +

Observed Terms

3d4 {a 3P

a 5 D

a

3 F a

3 G a 3 H

np (n>4)

3d3 (a 4 F) nx

{

z

5 D°

z

3 D°

z

5 F°

z

3 F° z

3 G°

3d3 (a 4 P) nx z

5 P°

3d3 (a 2 G) nx y

3 G°

3d3 (a 2 H) nx *

3 G°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ti i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. i, p. xxxvn.

Ni Yin

(Sc i sequence; 21 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d? 4FX ^

a

4F1H cm 1 I. P. volts

The analysis is by Anderson and Mack, who have classified 132 lines in the region between

530 A and 611 A. They have been unable to locate with certainty the 2P term having the

configuration 3d?, but suggest tentatively for this term two possible pairs of levels whose reality

is not yet established, as follows:

J Level

HO 31515?

32089?

32261?

32939?

Intersystem combinations connecting the doublet and quartet systems of terms have

been observed.

REFERENCE

E. E. Anderson and J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 59, 717 (1941). (T) (C L)
107

Ni vin Ni VIII

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d?(a 3 F)4p z

2 D° 1 X 569667 2178

3d? a

4 F 1/2 0 1012 2/ 571845

2/

3/2 1012

2184 1172

1537 3d2 (a 3 F)4p z

4 D° 0 / 570353 -514

1678

1810

4/2 3721 1/2 569839

2x 571517

3d? o

4 P 0/ 23261 449

959

3/2 573327

1/2 2/2 23710

24669 3d? (a 3 F)4

p

z

2 F° 2/ 570546 1258 3/ 571804

3d? a

2 G 3/2 26977 1091 4/ 28068 3d? {a 3 F)4p z

2 G° 3/ 581337 1904 4/ 583241

3d? a

2 D 2/ 34689 -431

I /2 35120 3d2 (a 3 P)4p z

4 S° I /2 587305

3d? a

2H 4/ 36754 721 3d2 (a 3 P)4p y

4 D° O /2 590764 1411 1893

2840

5/ 37475 I /2 592175

2/ 594068

3d? (a 3 F)4

p

2

4 G° 2/ 666184 1840 3/ 596908

3/ 566964 2600

3405 4/ 569564 3d? (a O /2

3 P)4p z

4 P° 596770

135

1665 5/ 572969 I /2 5969051

2/ 598570

3d? (a 3 F)4p z

4F° 1/2 565388 1443

1915

2214

3d2 (a 4 G)4p y 2/ 566831 2 G° 3/ 598638 441 3/

4/

568746

570960

4/2 599079

3d2 (a 1 G)4p z

2 H° 4/ 613417 2308 5/ 615725

December 1948.

Ni vin Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3p8 +

Observed Terms

3d? { ° 4P

0

2 D

a

4F

a

2 G am

np (n> 4)

3d? (a 3 F)nx

{

z

4 D°

z

2 D°

O

O z

4 G°

z

2 G°

3d? (a 3 P)rix z

4 S° z4 P° y4 D°

3d? (a 1 G)n« y

2 G° z2 H°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sc i isoelectronic sequence, see

Vol. i, p. xxxvi.
108

Ni IX

(Ca i sequence; 20 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d2 3F2

a

3F3 cm-1

I. P. volts

Although 20 lines between 146 A and 154 A were reported as classified in 1933, later study

of the spectra of this sequence by Edlen indicates that the early interpretation is incorrect.

REFERENCES

W. M. Cady, Phys. Rev. 43, 325 (1933). (T) (C L) B. Edl6n, letter (Feb. 1949).

February 1949. Ni xii

(Cl i sequence; 17 electrons) Z—28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p5 2P°^

3pb 2Pfo cm-1

I. P. 350 volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed. Edlen has tentatively attributed the faint coronal

line at 4231.4 A (wave number 23626 cm-1

) to the transition 3^5 2P?i4 “3p5 2P& of [Ni xii],

since this interval for the ground term is confirmed by extrapolation along the isoelectronic

sequence.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 32 (1942). (I P) (T) (C L)

January 1948. Ni XIII

(Si sequence; 16 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p4, 3P2

3p

K 3 P2 cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has calculated the relative positions of

the five lowest levels, in his work on the identification of the coronal lines. He has tentatively

attributed two coronal lines to [Ni xm] as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

3642. 9

5116. 03 4. 3

27443

19541. 0

3p43 Pi-3p4 J Da 3p4 3 P2 -3p4 3Pi

These lines have been used to calculate three levels listed in the table. The remaining

two are Edlen’s estimated values and are entered in brackets.

REFERENCE

B. EdlSn, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 47 (1942). (T) (C L)
Ni xm

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s3 3p

4 3P4 *P 2

10

0

19541

[20200]

-19541

[- 659]

3s* 3

p

4 3p4 : D 2 46984

3s2 3p4 3p4 iS 0 [97000]

January 1948.

Ni xv

(Si i sequence; 14 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p® 35s 3^>

2 3 P0

3p

2 3P0 cm-1

I. P. 455 volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed. Edlen has, however, suggested that two coronal

lines may tentatively be ascribed to the [Ni xv] transitions corresponding to the intervals of

the ground term. The coronal data are as follows:

I. A. Int. Wave No. Desig.

6701. 83 5. 4 14917. 2 3

p

2 3 Po— 3p* *Pi 8024. 21 0. 5 12458. 9 3P2 3 ?i-3p1 3 PS

The listed term values have been calculated from the coronal wave numbers, except for

the last two, which are Edlen’s estimated values and are entered in brackets.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 40 (1942). (I P) (T) (C L)

Ni XY

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s1 3p* 3p* *P 0

12

0. 0

14917. 2

27376. 1

14917. 2 12458. 9

3s* 3p* 3p

3 *D 2 [62900]

3s3 3p* 3p

3 iS 0 [100000]

October 1947.
110

Ni xvi

(A1 1 sequence; 13 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3

s

2 3p

2Ply2

3p

2P^ cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed. Edlen has, however, suggested that the faint coronal

line at 3601.0 A, wave number 27762, may be classified as due to the forbidden transition

that corresponds to the interval of the ground term of Ni xvi, i. e., 3p 2Poy2 —3p

2Pj^.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Astroph. 22, 47 (1942). (T) (C L)

December 1947.

Ni xviii

(Na i sequence; 11 electrons) Z=28

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s 2S^

3s 2Soh 4897400 cm-1

I. P. 607 volts

Edlen has classified four lines in the interval 43 A to 52 A, and extrapolated the absolute

value of the ground term from isoelectronic sequence data.

One term, 4d

2D, has been calculated from the observed combination with 3p2P° listed

by Edlen, and added to his published list. The unit adopted by Edlen, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 100, 621 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L).

Ni xviii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s 3s 2 S oy2 0

3V 3p 2 P° V2 IX

310600

341000 30400

3d 3d 2 D i/2 2y2 766700

771300 4600

4d Ad 2 D ix

2/2 2593000

2595900 2900

4/ 4/ 2 F° 2/2

3/2 2667400

2668200 800

Ni xix (‘S 0) Limit —

[4897400]

June 1947.
COPPER

Cm

29 electrons Z=29

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s 2S0^

4s 2S0H 62317.2 cm"1 I. P. 7.724 volts

The analysis of the arc spectrum of copper affords one of the finest examples of a beautifully

complete interpretation of a fairly complex spectrum. Shenstone has verified all of the earlier

observations, extended them to include the ultraviolet region, and published a detailed analysis

in his 1948 Monograph. This spectrum now furnishes accurate ultraviolet wave lengths for use as standards in investigating other spectra in this region. The number of classified lines

totals. 732, and the observations extend from 1504 A to 18229 A. Many intersystem combinations have been observed, connecting the terms of both multiplicities.

Shenstone remarks that all of the predictable types of electron structure have been identified. To quote, “The spectrum is unique in having many more identified levels above the

point of easiest ionization, than below. There are a great many series converging to complex

limits and showing various degrees of perturbation”. The above limit is from both the 2S and

2D doublet series fitted to an extended Ritz formula, the differences in the calculated values

being less than 0.4 cm-1. Shenstone (August 1948) calls attention to the important fact that “The 3d9 4s ns series

is of special interest because it is the only known complex series in which individual series can

be unambiguously assigned to the components of a limit of greater complexity than a doublet”.

Whenever he has designated the component of the 3 D term which forms the limit of the separate

components of Cui terms, the ^7-value is entered in the configuration column of the table.

(Liden has recently reported a similar case in Fi, Ark. Phys. (Stockholm) 1, No. 9, 229, 1949.)

In the term array the writer has tentatively assigned the limits 3D and *D to the appropriate

terms having the configuration 3d9 4s 4p, although Shenstone states that “it appears more rea- sonable to describe the electron coupling as 3d9 2D+4s 4jp

3 P, X P . . .” He adds that “the

arrangement of levels in the next series member, 3d9 4s 5p, should approach much more closely

to a grouping which can be correlated to 3d9 4s 3D, ID-pp.” This is also discussed by Racah.

Shenstone has listed the levels in order of increasing numerical value. In order to con- form to the general plan of the present volumes they are here grouped into terms on the basis

of his assigned designations. Similarly, in column three under “Desig.” the notation adopted

for series spectra, and described in detail in Volume I, is entered, but Shenstone’s notation is retained in column one. Zeeman observations of Cu i are limited in both number and accuracy, except for the

4p 2P°—4d 2D multiplet “which has been shown by Green to fit exceptionally well the formulae

for the partial Paschen-Back effect developed by Darwin”. The writer has derived the following tentative ^-values from published and unpublished observations, using, for blended patterns,

the formulae given by Russell, which are an extension of those by Shenstone and Blair. The

^-values given by Sommer are included in the final means. A colon indicates that there is only one or a very weak mean determination of the <7-value. Three place values are from measure- ments by Kiess who found selected Cu lines as impurities on plates of other spectra taken at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at the National Bureau of Standards.
112

Cu I—Continued

R. A. Loring, unpublished material (1923?) (furnished by A. G. Shenstone). (Z E)

E. Back, Ann. der Phys. [4] 70, 361 (1923). (Z E)

L. A. Sommer, Zeit. Phys. 39, 711 (1926). (T) (C L) (

Z

E)

C. S. Beals, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 111, 168 (1926). (T) (C L) (Z E)

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 28, 449 (1926). (T) (C L) (Z E)

A. G. Shenstone and H. A. Blair, Phil. Mag. 8, 765 (1929).

J. B. Green, Phys. Rev. 36, 157 (1930). (Z E)

H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 36, 1590 (1930).

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 62, 525 (1942). A. G. Shenstone, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 241, No. 832,297 (1948). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (hfs) C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (January 1950). (Z E)

Cu I

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s 2 S* 3d10 OS) 4s 4s 2 S oh 0. 000

m 2 T>2H m 2 Dix

3d9 4s2 4s2 2 D 2h

i X

11202. 565

13245. 423 -2042. 858

4p 2 P£

4V

2 PI* 3d10 (»S)4p 4p

2po oy2 1/2 30535. 302

30783. 686 248. 384

z

4 Pi*

2

4 Piu

2

4 p£

3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 4pO 2H

1/2 OH

39018. 652

40113. 99

40943. 73

-1095.

-829.

34

74

2

4 Ffo

2

4 Ffo

2

4 F2>* 2

4 Ffo

3d9 4s(3D)4p 4p' 4pO 4H

3H

2H

IX

40909. 138

41153. 433

41562. 895

42302. 47

-244.

-409.

-739.

295

462

57

5s 2 S* 3d10 OS) 5s 5s 2S oh 43137. 209

Z

4 £>3H

z

4 L)2H

2

4 Dfo

z

4 D£

3d9 4s(3D)4p 4p' 4D° 3H

2H

IX

oh

43513. 95

44406. 268

44544 153

44915. 61

-892.

-137.

-371.

32

885

46

2

2 F2^

z

2 F|m

3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 2 po 2H

3H

43726. 191

44963. 223 237. 032

z

2 P£

z

2 Pix

3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 2po OH

1 X

45821. 00

45879. 311 58. 31

Cu I

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

z

2 Dfo

z

2 Di*

3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 2D° IX

2H

46172. 842

46598. 34

425. 50

5P

2 Pim

5V

2 P&

3d10 0S)5p 5v

2P° IX

OH

49382. 95

49383. 26 -0. 31

4d 2 Dij^

4d 2 D2^

3d10 0S)4d 4d 2D 1 X

2H

49935. 200

49942. 057 6. 857

6s 2S 3d10 OS) 6s 6s 2 S oh 52848. 749

6p 2 Pfa

6V

2 P&

3d10 0S)6p 6p

2P° 1H

oh

54784. 06

55027. 74 -243. 68

5d 2 D1H 5d

2 D2>$ 3d10 0S)5d 5d

2 D IX

2X

55387. 668

55391. 292 3. 624

4/ 2 F§*

4/

3d10 OS) 4/ 4/ 2 F° 3X

2H

55426. 3

55429. 8

-3. 5

y

2 Fw

y m*

3d9 4s OD) 4p 4p" 2 F° 3H

2H

56029. 95

58119. 28 -2089. 33

y

2 P!m

y

2 ?A

3d9 4s(x D)4p 4p" 2 P° IX

OH

56343. 74

58364. 73

-2020. 99

y

2 D2 m

y

2 Di«

3d9 4s(x D)4p 4p" 2D° 2H

IX

56651. 48

58690. 86 -2039. 38
113

Cu I—Continued Cu I—Continued

Author Config. Desig. .Level Interval Author Config. Desig. / Level Interval

7s 2 S* 3d10 OS) 7s 7s 2 S oh 56671. 387 9

4 Si* 3d9 4s(3 D3)4d 4d' 4 S IK 70998. 12

7

2 P£ 3d10 0S)7p 7p

2 P° oy2 57415. 31

529. 40 9

2 d2H 3d9 4s(3 D3 )4d 4d' 2 D 2K 71098. 17 - 1006. 6

7V

2 PIh ik 57948. 71 9

2 D1h 3d9 4s(3 D2) 4d IK 72104. 8

6d

2 D1H 3d10 pS)6d 6d

2 D IK 57893. 05

2. 05 9

2 f3 * 3d9 4s(3 D3) 4d 4d' 2 F 3K 71127. 81 - 1023. 37

6d 2 D2H 2K 57895. 10 9

2 f2* 3d9 4s(3 D2 )4d 2K 72151. 18

5/ 2 F?m 3d10 OS) 5/ 5/ 2 F° 2K 57905. 2

3 5

9

4 G5 J4 3d9 4s (3 D3) 4d 4d' 4 G 5K 71130. 69 -848. 01 -1124. 04

-95. 97

5/ 2 Fsh 3H 57908. 7 9

4 G4 ^ 3d9 4s(3 D2 )4d 4K 71978. 70

9

4 G3 h 3d9 4s(3 Di)4d 3K 73102. 74

8s 2 Sh 3d10 OS) 8s 8s 2S OK 58568. 92 9

4 g2^

/

2K 73198. 71

7d

2 D1H 3d10 0S)7d 7d

2 D 1

59249. 46

1. 26 9

4 P2h 3d9 4s (3 D3 )4d 4d' 4 P 2K 71178. 19 -749. 03

44. 26 7d 2D2M 2K 59250. 72 9

4 Pm 3d9 4s(3 D2) 4d IK 71927. 22

9

4 P* // OK 71882. 96 8p 2 P?h 3d10 0S)8p 8p

2 P° ik 59275. 33 -47. 84

8p 2 P£ ok 59323. 17 9 3d9 4s(3 D3 )4d 4d' 4 D 3K 71268. 21 -798. 76 -1037. 91 9

4 d2* 3d9 4s(3 D2)4d 2K 72066. 97

9s 2 S* 3d10 OS) 9s 9s 2 S OH 59647. 88 9

4 d1h 3d9 4s(3 Dj)4d IK 73104. 88 OK

8d 2 D1H 3d10 0S)8d 8d 2 D iK 60065. 51

0. 82

8d 2 D2^ 2H 60066. 33 9

4 F4 h 3d9 4s(3 D3) 4d 4d' 4 F 4K 71290. 54 -802. 54

-1211. 59 -11. 79

9

4 F3H 3d9 4s

(

3 D2 )4d 3K 72093. 08

9p 2 P?h 3d10 0S)9p 9p 2 P° IK 60070. 6 -14. 6 9

4 f2H 3d9 4s(3 Dj)4d 2K 73304. 67 9p 2 P* oy2 60085. 2 9

4 Fih // IK 73316. 46

9d 2D 1H 3d10 0S)9d 9d 2 D iK 60594. 53

0. 52 X 2 D2 * 3d9 4s(3 D)5p 5p' 2 D° 2K 71745. 5 -278. 7 9d 2 D2H 2K 60595. 05 X

2 F) ih IK 72024. 27 10p 2 P!u

10p 3 P*

3d10 OS) 10p lOp 2 P° IK 60595. 0 -6. 9 3d9 4s(3 D)5p 5

p' 2 P° OK

OH 60601. 9 X 2 P!h IK 71917 7 lOd 2 D1K 3d10 OS) 10d lOd 2 D iK 60956. 92

0. 43 i

4 D3h 3d9 4s(3 D3)6s 6s' 4 D 3K 73995. 15 -317. 76

-730. 70 - 1020. 76

10d 2 D2J$ 2K 60957. 35 i

4 d2^

// 2K 74312. 91

i

4 Di^ 3d9 4s(3 D2)6s IK 75043. 61 lip 2 P° 3d10 OS) lip lip 2 P° /IK

10K }

6095

i

4 D* 3d9 4s(3 Di)6s OK 76064. 37 w 2 P?h 3d9 4spD)5p 5p" 2 P° IK 74259. 57 -831. 1 3d10 OS) lid lid 2 D iK w 2 P!x OK 75090. 67 lid 2 D2* 2K 61215. 59

Cu ii OSo) w 2 Fl 3d9 4spD)5p 5p" 2 F° 3K 74341. 9 -581. 8 Limit — 62317. 2 w ^2^ 2K 74923. 77

e

4D3H

e

4 D2H 3d9 4s(3 D3 )5s

// 5s' 4 D 3K

2K

62403. 320

62948. 29

-544. 97

-636. 28

-887. 73

w 2 D° 3d9 4s(»D)5p 5p" 2 D°{ 2K

IK 1 74507. 67

e

4 D1H 3d9 4s(3 D2 )5s IK 63584. 57

e

4 Dh 3d9 4s(3 Dj)5s OK 64472. 300 h

2 Ph 3d9 4spD)4d 4d" 2 P OK 75109. 46

153. 99 h

2 Pih IK 75263. 45

e

2 D2* 3d9 4s(3 D2 )5s 5s' 2 D 2K 64657. 8 - 602. 3

e

2 Dij^ 3d9 4s(3 Dj)5s IK 65260. 1 i2 d2^ 3d9 4s(3 D2)6s 6s' 2 D 2K 75170. 25 -1162. 0

i

2 F) ih 3d9 4s(3 D06s IK 76332. 3 /

2 f> 2* 3d9 4s(1 D)5s 5s" 2 D 2K 67142. 7 -829. 2 /

2 F> i« l K 67971. 94 h 3d9 4s(x D)4d 4d" 2 6 3K 75206. 4

139. 7 3d9 4s(3 D)5p 5p' 4 P° 2K

h 2 G4 h 4K 75346. 1? x

4 PfH iK 70281 ? -723 h 2 S* 3d9 4s(x D)4d 4d" 2 S OK 75386. 7 *

4 PA OK 71004 ? h 3d9 4s(x D)4d 4d" 2 D IK 75440. 1

6. 4 3d9 4s(3 D)5p 5

p' 4 F° 4K h 2 d2* 2K 75446. 5 s

4 F§h 3K 70336. 5 7 -77. 6 * 4 F5k 2K 70414 1 h 2 F2>* 3d9 4s(x D)4d 4d" 2 F 2K 75536. 2

36. 6 IK h

2 F3* 3K 75572. 85

*

4 D§h 3d9 4s(3 D)5p 5

p' 4 D° 3K 70441- 0 7 120 2

3

2 g4^ 3d9 4s(3 D3 )5d 5

d' 2 G 4K 76824. 3 - 1074. 6

a:

4 D|h 2K 70561. 2 7 — 468. 4

3

2 g3^ 3d9 4s(3 D2)5d 3K 77898. 9 *

4 Dih IK 71029. 6 OK

3

2Pih 3d9 4s(3 D3)5d 5d' 2 P IK 76831. 31

S' 2 Pih 3d9 4s(3 D3 )4d 4d' 2 P IK 70853. 39 -1298. 10 OK

9 zpH 3d9 4s(3 D2) 4d OK 72151. 49?

i

2 d2H 3d9 4s(3 D3 )5d 5

d' 2 D 2K 76949. 2 -984. 1

17 2 Sh 3d9 4s(3 D3) 4d 4d' 2 S OK 70853. 9 ? 3

2 F> 1H 3d9 4s(3 D2)5d iK 77933. 3

0

2 G4 h

0

2 G3 >* 3d9 4s(3 D3) 4d

3d9 4s (3 D2) 4d

4d' 2 G 4K

3K

70859. 53

72016. 76 -1157. 23 4 S 1H 3d9 4s (

3 D3)5d 5d' 4 S iK 76959. 0

X

2 Fs* 3d9 4s(3 D)5p 5p' 2 F° 2K 70959. 7 ? 654. 2

j

2 F3* 3d9 4s(3 D3)5d 5d' 2 F 3K 76960. 2 -999. 1 x 2 Ffo 3K 1 71613. 9 ? 3

2 f2* 3d9 4s(3 D2)5d 2K 77959. 3
114

Cu I—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval 3 4 Gsh i 4 g4 ^ j 4 ^3x 3 4 G2^

3d9 4s(3 D3) 5d

3d9 4s ( 3 D2)5d

3d9 4s (3 Di)5d

ft 5

d' 4 G 5J4 4K

3K

2/2

77014. 1 77854. 0

78988. 3 79053. 4

-839. 9 -1134. 3 -65. 1 i 4 Pz^ 3 4 P IX 3 4 Px

3d9 4s(3 D3)5d

3d9 4s(3 D2) 5d

// 5

d' 4 P 2K

l/2 ok

77030. 59

77840. 9

77814. 5 -810. 3

26. 4 3 4 P>3X 3 4 D2 h 3 4 Dih

3d9 4s(3 D3)5d

3d9 4s (3 D2)5d

3d9 4s(3 Di)5d 5

d' 4 D 3K

2K1 K

o/2

77068. 2 77905. 5 79003. 1 -837. 3 -1097. 6 3 4 P*x 3 * F3 x 3 4 ^2X 3 4 Fih

3d9 4s(3 D3 )5d

3d9 4s (3 D2)5d

3d9 4s(3 Di)5d n

5d' 4 F 4K

3K

2K

1/2

77080. 5 77919. 4

79116. 5 79119. 3

-838. 9 -1197. 1 -2. 8 k 4 D3H k 4 D2H k 4 Dj^ * 4 Dj^

3d9 4s(3 D3 )7s n

3d9 4s(3 D2)7s

3d9 4s(3 D07s

7s' 4 D 3K

2K

IK

OK

78261. 2 78486. 5 79257. 8 80330. 4

-225. 3 -771. 3 - 1072. 6 P 2 D2H V 2 DiH

3d9 4s(

x D)6s 6s" 2 D 2K1 K2 78349. 6 78578. 0 -228. 4

A: 2 D2H & 2 Di^

3d9 4s(3 D2)7s

3d9 4s(3 Dj)7s

7s' 2 D 2K

IK

79268. 0

80456. 4? -1188. 4 J 4 Sih 3d9 4s(3 D3 )6d 6d' 4 S IK 79641. 4 A 4 Gs^ l 4 G4^

3d9 4s(3 D3 )6d

3d9 4s(3 D2 ) 6d

6d' 4 G 5K

4K

3K

2K

79667. 9 80505. 5 -837. 6 i 4 P2H 3d9 4s(3 D3 ) 6d 6d' 4 P 2K

IK

OK

79675. 1 l 4 D3 h l 4 D2H 3d9 4s(3 D3 ) 6d

3d9 4s(3 D2 ) 6d

6d' 4 D 3K

2K

IK

OK

79694. 5 80542. 2 -847. 7 z 4 F4 * z 4 f3^

3d9 4s(3 D3) 6d

3d9 4s(3 D2 )6d

6d' 4 F 4K

3K2 K

IK

79700. 5 80560. 0 -859. 5 n 4 d3^ 3d9 4s(3 D3 )8s 8s' 4 D 3K

2K

IK

OK

80318. 4 l 2 G3 i^ 3d9 4s(3 D3 )6d

3d9 4s(3 D2 )6d 6

d' 2 G 4K

3K 80553. 8 Z 2 F2^

3d9 4s(3 D3 )6d

3d9 4s(3 D2)6d

6d' 2 F 3K

2K 80574 Z 2 Di^

3d9 4s(3 D3)6d

3d9 4s(3 D2 )6d

6d' 2 D 2K

IK 80586. 7? o 2 D2H o 2 Di^

3d9 4s(1 D)5d 5d" 2 D 2K

IK

81292. 5 81313. 7 -21. 2 o 2 F2* o 2 F3H 3d9 4s(1 D)5d 5d" 2 F 2K

3K

81362. 7

81376. 2

13. 5

December 1949.

*For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Cui

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
Cull

115

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z—29

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3pt 3d10 xSo

3d10 X S0 163665.6 cm-1I. P. 20.29 volts

The unique honor of having produced a practically complete analysis of a complex spectrum

is due Shenstone for his investigation of the Cu n spectrum. This spectrum has been photographed from 600 A to 10000 A. Of the 1350 lines observed only a few faint lines remain

unclassified. He has extended the earlier work to include over 40 series of three or more levels;

and identified d? j and d

9 g structures completely for the first time. He remarks that “the

most striking feature is the number of levels which show the effects of mixed configurations.”

A theoretical discussion of the spin-orbit interaction of the almost closed shell as exhibited by the

Cu ii spectrum, is given by Shortley and Fried.

Shenstone has determined the limit from the 3d9 ns 3D X D series (n= 4 to 8), using an extended Ritz formula described in detail in his Monograph (1936). The series are so long, and

the separation of the components of the 2D limit term in Cu hi is so large, that for this limit it can be determined without ambiguity which component is the limit of the separate components

of the Cu ii terms. The t/-values indicating the components of this limit term are included

with the configuration in column two of the table. When the J-value of the limit is the same

for all components of the Cu n term, only one entry is given in this column, as for example, for

the term 4/ 3 P° (135902 cm-1

). Shenstone remarks also that the intensities of the lines from

the transition 4/— 5g

‘ ‘indicate very strongly that each empirical level is in reality double

. . . ”. This is completely explained by jZ-coupling.

In addition to the analysis, the accurate ultraviolet wavelengths of Cu ii provide excellent

standards for the measurement of other spectra in this region.

In Shenstone’s Monograph the levels are given in numerical order “because to group them

as terms in such a spectrum as this would be quite misleading”. In the present table, as in

Volume I, those levels which he gives as components of a term are grouped together.

Shenstone’s notation, which appears in column one, has, similarly, been altered in column three

to conform to the notation adopted for other series spectra.

Racah has also emphasized the similarity of coupling between levels from the 3d9 nx configuration of Cu ii and those of the inert gases from p

5 nx. He has furnished the writer with

the following data indicating the j'Z-coupling notation for levels of Cu ii.
116

Cu II

Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Author Config. Desig. J

ns 3 D3 3d9

(

2 D2H )ns ns [2)4] 3 nf 3 P° 3d9

(

2 D2 *)n/ nf [0/2 ]° 1

3 d2 2J Po 0

ns 3 Di 3d9

(

2 Di H)ns ns' [i 34] 1 nf 3 P^ It nf [134]° 2 >d2 2

ipo 1 np 3 P2 3d9

(

2 D2H )np np [1 y2]° 2 nf 3 H° // nf [534]° 6

3 po

1

3 H° 5 np 3 F3

1

1

np mr0 3 nf 3 DI It nf [2J4]° 3

3 F° 4 3 D| 2 np 3 Dj tt np [2y2]° 3 nf 3 Fg If nf [334]° 3

3 D° 2 3 F4 4 np 3 Pq 3d9 (

2 F>i H)np np' [oy2 ]° 0 nf 3 Gj It nf mr 5

ipo 13 g: 4 np 3 F2 // np' [2/2 ]° 2 n/ 'D°2 3d9

(

2 D1M )7i/ nf' [134]° 2

‘Fa 3

3 D° 1 np 3 D° rt np' [l/2 ]° 1 n/ iH°5

It nf' mr 5 ‘D2 2 3 H4

° 4 nf ‘Fg

It nf' [2H]° 3 nd 3 Si 3d9

(2 D2H )nd nd [034] 1

3 F2 2 nd 3 G 5 It nd [434] 5 nf >g: It nf' [334]° 4

3 g4 4

3 G3 3 nd 3 P2 It nd [1 y2 ] 2

3 Pi 1 np 3 D1} 2 3d9

(

2 D2H )np ng [134] 1, 2 nd 3 D3 rt nd [234] 3 ng 3 I6 , t It ng [6J4] 6, 7

3 d2 2 np ‘D 2 , 3 D3 It ng [234] 2, 3 nd 3 F3 n nd [334] 3

3 f4 4 ng 3 F3>4

It ng [334] 3, 4 nd 3 P0 it nd [034] 0 ng 3 H6)6

It ng [534] 5, 6 nd 3 Pi 3d9

(

2 D1H )rjd nd' [034] 1 ng 3 G4)5

It ng [434] 4, 5 nd 3 G3 It nd1 [334] 3 ng 3 F2 , ‘F3 3d9

( 2 D1H )ng ng' [234] 2,3

x g4 4 ng 3 I 5 , 1 I 0 It ng' [534] 5, 6 nd 3 Di It nd' [iy2 ] 1

X D2 2 ng 3 G3 , ‘G4 If ng' [334] 3,4

nd X F3 1/ nd' [2 34] 3 ng 3 H4 , x H8 ft ng' [434] 4, 5

3 f2 2 nd !S0 n nd' [034] 0

Intersystem combinations have been observed.

The ^-values given below have been determined by the writer from the observed Zeeman

patterns published in Shenstone’s 1927 paper. The formulae for blended patterns as given by

Russell were used in making these calculations. These formulas are an extension of those by

Shenstone and Blair.

Desig. J Obs. p Desig. J Obs. p

4s 3 D 3 1. 32 4p 3 D° 2 1. 08

2 1. 16 1 0. 47

1 0. 48

4p >D° 2 0. 99

4s X D 2 1. 00

4p X P° 1 1. 04

4p 3 P° 2 1. 49

1 1. 49 5s 3 D 3 1. 31

2 1. 14 4p 3 F° 4 1. 23 1 0. 49:

3 1. 06

2 0. 67 5s X D 2 1. 04
117

Cu II

Continued

REFERENCES

A. G. Shenstone, Phys. Rev. 29, 380 (1927). (Z E)

A. G. Shenstone and H. A. Blair, Phil. Mag. 8, 765 (1929).

H. N. Russell, Phys. Rev. 36, 1590 (1930). A. G. Shenstone, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 235, No. 751, pp. 195-243 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

(Ms)

G. H. Shortley and B. Fried, Phys. Rev. 54, 749 (1938). G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942) and private communication (June 1951).

Cu n Cu ii

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

a

J So 3d10 3d10 3 S 0 0. 00 4d 3 Si 3d9 (

2 D2*)4d 4d 3 S 1 114511. 44

4s 3 D3 3d9

(2 D2^)4s 4s 3 D 3 21928. 60 918 43 z

3 GS 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" 3 G° 5 115546. 3

186 5 3 d2

3 D,

ft 3d9 (

2 D1H)4s 2

1 22847. 03

23998. 31 -1151. 28

3 G4

3 G§

4

3 115359. 8

11 81 42. 97 - 1783. 2

4s 4 D2 3d9

(2D1H)4s 4s 4 D 2 26264. 52 4d 3 G6 3d9

(

2 D2H)4d 4d 3 G 5 115569. 20 Q3 ^7 4p 3P2 3d9

(

2 D2H)4p 4p 3 po 2 66418. 65 1497 92

3 g4

3 g3

ft 3d9

(

2 Di^)4d

4

3 115662. 77

117747. 45

-2084. 68

3 Pi ft 1 67916. 57 -933. 68 3 Po 3d9 (

2D^)4p 0 68850. 25 4d 3 P2 3d9 (

2 D2^)4d 4d 3 P 2 115639. 02

3 26 38 P1 1 115665. 40 -911. 41

4p

3 Fl 3d9

(2D2H)4p 4p 3 p° 4 68730. 82 283 07

3 Po 0 116576. 81

3 F3

3 F 2 n

3d9

(

2 D^)4p

3

2

68447. 75

69868. 11 - 1420. 36 4d 3 D3 3d9

(2 D2H)4d 4d 3 D 3 116080. 46 307 54

s

2 3 F4 3d8 4s2 4s2 3 F 4 69704. 8 1826 7

3 d2

3 Di

ft 3d9

(

2 D1H)4d

2

1 116388. 00117928. 48 - 1540. 48

3 f3

3 f2 3

2 71531. 5 72724. 0 -1192. 5 4d 3 F4 3d9

(

2 D2H)4d 4d 3 F 4 116371. 41

45. 25

-1205. 99

4p 3 D§ 3d9(2 D2H)4p 4p 3 D° 3 70841. 50 652 42

3 f3 3 F2

ft 3d9 (

2 D1H)4d

3

2 116326. 16 118532. 15

3 D2

3 Df

t r 3d9

(

2 Di^)4p

2

1 71493. 92

73102. 10

-1608. 18

0

3 D3 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" 3 D° 3 116375. 47

3 754 89 D5 2 117130. 36 -940. 98

4p ! F| 3d9(2 D^)4p 4p

ipo 3 71920. IS 3 D! 1 118071. 34

4p *D 2 3d9 (

2 D1H)4p 4p 1 D° 2 73353. 43 4d 4 Pi 3d9

(2 D]H)4d 4d iP 1 117231. 69

4p ! P! 3d9 (

2 D1M)4p 4p ipo 1 73595. 86 z

3 F| 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" 3 F° 4 117666. 6 1022 6 85388. 77

3 F 3 3 116643. 96 -2395. 72

s

2 !D 2 3d8 4s2 4s2 iD 2

3 F5 2 119039. 68

s

2 3 P2 3d8 4s2 4s2 3 P 2 88362. 03 243 13 4d iG4 3d9

(

2 D1M)4d 4d 4 G 4 117883. 14

3 Pi

3 Po

10 88605. 16

88926. 09

-320. 93 4d 4 D2 3d9

( 2 D1M)4d 4d 4 D 2 118163. 50

s

2 *G4 3d8 4s2 4s2 ! G 4 95565. 65 4d 4 F3 3d9

(2 D^)4d 4d 4 F 3 118484. 00

sp 5 D4 3d8 4s (

4 F) 4p 4p' 8 D° 4 107942. 1 -1333. 8 - 1087. 5 -760. 6

z

4 G? 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" iG° 4 118991. 5

5 D

5 D§

3

2 109275. 9110363. 4 5p 3 P 2 3d9

(

2 D2^)5p 5p 3 P° 2 120092. 36 827 32 5 Dj 1 111124. 0?

3 po ft 1 120919. 68 - 1304. 44 5Dg 0

3 P6 3d9 (

2 D^)5p 0 122224. 12

5s 3 D3 3d9 (

2 D2H)5s 5s 3 D 3 108014. 86 -320. 83

-1748. 93

5p

3 F 4 3d9

( 2 D2H)5p 5p 3 F° 4 120789. 83 105. 07

3 d2 ft 2 108335. 69 3 F§ ft 3 120684. 76 -2061. 27

3 d4 3d9 (2DiH)5s 1 110084. 62 3 F 5 3d9 (

2 Di^)5p 2 122746. 03

5s *D2 3d9

(2 D1H)5s 5s iD 2 110366. 25 2

4 D 2 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" iD° 2 120876. IS

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 5 G° 6 2

4 F3 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" iF° 3 121079. 12

sp 5 G|

s g 4 54

0631. 6

1218. 8

-587. 2 -657. 8 -547. 9 5p 3 D3 3d9

(2 Dw)5p 5p

3 D° 3 121524- 88 457 03 5 G3 *G2

3 876. 6

124. 5

3 d 2 3 Df

ft 3d9

(

2 D1H)5p

2

1 121981. 91 123304- 96 - 1323. 05

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' spo 4d 4 S0 3d9 (

2 D1H)4d 4d 4 S 0 122416. 1 sp 5 F4

5 F§

4

3

113302. 8

114000. 0 -697. 2 -482. 5 -273. 9

5p

4 Pf 3d9

( 2 D1H)5p 5p

2 P° 1 122867. 92

*F2 2 114482. 5

6 FJ 1 114756. 4 5p

1 F3 3d9 (2 D^)5p 5p

4 F

0 3 123016. 93
118

Cu II—Continued Cu II—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5p

4 D2 3d9

(

2 D1H)5p 5v

! D0 2 128556. 94 4/ 3 F? 3d9

(

2 D2H)4/ 4/ 3JTO 4 186138. 06

3 97. 42 F§ 3 136035. 64

y

3 D§ 3d

s 4s(2 D)4p 4p'"3 D° 3 125280. 6

17 2

3 F| 3d9

(

2 D i^)4/ 2 188177. 22 —2141. 58

3 D| 2 125247. 8 -320. 9 3 Df 1 125568. 7 4/ 3 G§

3 Gl

3d9

(

2 D2 ^)4/

t / 4/ 3 G° 54 186160. 98

186270. 26 - 109. 33

-1991. 57

y

x Pi 3

d

8 4s(2 D)4p 4p'" 1 P° 1 125399. 8

3 G§ 3<29

(

2 Di^)4/ 3 138261. 88

x

5 Ss 3

d

8 4s(4 P)4p 4pIV 5 S° 2 128865. 7 5d 3S4 3d9

(

2 D2H)5d 5d 3 S 1 136336. 88

y

3 F| 3

d

8 4s(2 D)4p 4p'"3 F° 2 128569. 6 -10. 7

219. 2

3d8 4s(2 G)4p 4pyi 3H° 6

3 F§

3 Fl

34 128558. 9 128778. 1 u 3 Hl

54 186694. 1 X

5 F 3 3d8 4s(4 P)4

p

4piv spo 3 129116. 9

263. 6

-906. 3

5d 3 G5 3d9

(

2 D2H)5d 5d 3 G 5 136725. 93 -39. 45

-2053. 79

5 P 2 2 128858. 3

3 g4 4 136765. 38

5pc 1 129759. 6

3 g3 3d9

(

2 D1H)5d 3 138819. 17

y

3Pl 3d8 4s(2 D)4p 4p'"3 P° 2 180386. 4 5d

3 P2 3d9

(2 D2H)5d 5d 3 p 2 136754. 11 -19. 1 -841. 1 10

3 Pi

3 Po

10

136773. 2

137614. 3

y

4 D2 3d8 4s(2 D)4p 4p'" 1 D° 2 130632. 4 5d

3 D3 3d9

(

2 D2H)5d 5d3 D 3 136919. 35 -154. 40 - 1824. 68

x

5 D§ 3d8 4s(4 P)4p 4pIV5D° 0{i

181206. 0 -261

3 d2 3 Dj

ft 3d9

(

2 D1K)5d

2

1 137073. 75

138898. 43

6DS,i | 130945

368 5d 3 F4 3d9

(

2 D2H)5d 5d

3 F 4 137044. 45 -9. 48

-2107. 1

6 D§ 3 181812. 7

3 f3 It 3 137034. 97

4

3 f2 3d9

(

2 D1H)5d 2 139142. 1

y

XF§ 3d8 4s(2 D)4p 4p'" 1 F° 3 181044 1 u 4 H§ 3d8 4s(2 G)4p 4pVI 1 H° 5 137082. 5

6s 3 D3 3d9

(2 D2H)6s 6s 3 D 3 133594. 23 - 133. 84

-1936. 54 w 4 P? 3d8 4s(2 P)4p 4pv ipo 1 137212. 7

3 d2

3 D4

ft 3d9 (2D1H)6s 2

1 133728. 07

135664. 61 u

3 F 4 3d8 4s(2 G)4p 4

pvi spo 4 137988. 9 -463. 3 -626. 0 4pv 3 P°

3 F§ 3 188402. 2 w 3 P| 3d8 4s(2 P)4p 2 133826. 2 7

3 F 2 2 189028. 2

3 Pi 1 184859. 9 -1124. 4 3 Po 0 185484 3 4/ >DS 3d9

(

2 D1H)4/ 4/ iD° 2 188003. 20 w 3 D§ 3d8 4s(2 P)4p 4pv 3 D° 3 138984 6 - 691. 0 -460. 0

4/ 4 Hg 3d9

(2 Di^)4/ 4/ 1 H° 5 188064- 32

3 Ds 2 184675. 6

3 Df 1 185185. 6 4/ ! F§ 3d9

(

2 D i^)4/ 4/ ipo 3 188180. 81

v

3 G| 3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 3 G° 5 184110. 6 - 1724. 3 - 1242. 7

4/ *G? 3d9

(

2 D1H)4/ 4/ ! G° 4 188220. 07

3 Gi 4 135834- 9

5d 4 P! 3 G§ 3 187077. 6 3d9

(2 D1M)5d 5d

ip 1 138593. 10

v

3 F| 3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 3F° 4 134743. 0 -1699. 0 - 1207. 1

5d

4 G4 3d9 (2 D1H)5d 5d 4 G 4 138883. 0

3 F§ 3 186442. 05

3 Fl 2 187649. 1 5d

4 D2 3d9

( 2 D 1H)5d 5d iD 2 138981. 3

v

3 D 3 3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 3 D° 3 135783. 6 - 1065. 7 -1114. 5

5d 4 F3 3d9

(2 D1M)5d 5d ip 3 139119. 5

3 D|

3 D?

2

1 186799. 3

187913. 8 6p 3 Ps 3d9

(

2 D2H)6p 6p 3po 2 139217. 3

3 po -24. 3

1 189241. 6

6s *D 2 3d9

(

2 D 1M)6s 6s *D 2 135760. 27 0

4/ 3 P§ 3d9

(

2 D2*)4/ 4/ 3 P° 0 185902. 43 -38. 50

47. 06

6p 3 F 4 3d9

(

2 D2^) 6p 6p

3p° 4 189895. 8 fi A \

3 P

o 1 135868. 93 3 f 3 3 189831. 3 -2402. 6 3 P 2 2 185910. 99 3 FS 3d9 (

2 D1H)6p 2 141788. 9

4/ 3 Hg 3d9

(

2 D2H)4/ 4/ 3 H° 6 185931. 27 -2. 88

-2139. 52

6p 3 D§ 3d9

(2 D2H)6p 6p

3 D° 3 139741. 1 30 9 3 H§

3 Hi

n

3d9

(2 D 1H)4/

54135934. 15

188073. 67

3 D 2 3 Df

// 3d9

(

2 D1H)6p

2

1 189710. 2

141244. 6

-1534. 4 w ! D2 3d8 4s (

2 P) 4p 4pv >D° 2 185952. 55 1! 3d8 4s(4 P)4p 4pIV 1° 1 140481. 7?

4/ iPf 3d9 (2 D2*)4/ 4/ 4 P° 1 185958. 46 5d 4 S0 3d9

(

2 D1H)5d 5d *S 0 140589. 4

4f

3 D§ 3d9 (

2 D2H)4/ 4f

3 D° 3 185990. 15 24 1

1

6p J P! 3d9

(

2 D^)6p 6p ipo 1 140984- 2

3 D| 1

1

2 18601

4

. 26 -2014.’ 44

6p ! F§ 3 ipo D! 3d9

(

2 D1H)4/ 1 138028. 70 3d9

(

2 D^)6p 6p 3 141204. 1
119

Cu n—Continued Cu II—Continued

Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval Author Config. Desig. J Level Interval

6p *D 2 3d9

(2 D1H)6p 6p iD° 2 5/ mi 3d9

(2 Di^)5/ 5/ 1 H° 5 7-4S02S. 8

3! 3

8 4s (4 P) 4p 4pIV 3° 1 144240. 6 5/ iF| 3d9 (

2 D1H)5/ 5/ ipo 3 148061. 7

7s 3 D3 3d9 (

2 D2H)7s 7s 3 D 3 144814 93 -68. 16 -2003. 22

5/ mi 3d9

(2 D1 ^) 5/ 5/ 1 G° 4 148105. 6

3 d2

3 D: 3d9

(2 D1H)7s 2

1 144883. 09

146886. 31 5g

3 F3 3d9 (

2 D1H)5<7 5g iF 3 148133. 99

5f

3 PS 3d9

(

2 D2^)5/ 5/ 3 po 0 145889. 6

11. 5

26. 4

5g *1, 3d9

(

2 D1M)5<7 5g

il 6 148145. 77

3 P? 1 145901. 1

3 P2 2 145927. 5 5g *G4 3d9

(

2 Dw)5<7 5g iG 4 148167. 77

5f

3H| 3d9 (

2 D2H)5/ 5/ 3 H° 6 145951. 7 s Q —2087! 9

5g m5 3d9 (

2 D1H)5<? % iH 5 148179. 30

3 H| ft 5 145945. 8

3 h° 3d9 (

2 D ; ^)5/ 4 148038. 7 6d m1 3d9

(

2 D1H)6d 6d iP 1 148361. 7

5/ iP! 3d9(

2 D2H)5/ 5/ ipo 1 145955. 7 6d 1 G4 3d9

(

2 DlK)6d 6d iG 4 148515. 6

5/ 3 D3 3d9(2 D2H)5/ 3f 3D° 3 145978. 4 -7. 0 -2030. 9

6d J D2 3d9

(

2 D1H)6d 6d iD 2 148559. 3

3 D| ft 2 145985. 4 mi 3d9 (

2 Di^)5/ 1 148016. 3 6d !F3 3d9

(

2 D1H)6d 6d iF 3 148631. 2

5/ mi 3d9(

2 D2H)5/ 3f

3p° 4 146024- 0

2. 5 -2044. 8

6d iSo 3d9 (

2 DiH)6d 6d iS 0 149203. 1

3 F| ft 3 146021. 5

t

3 P 2 3d8 4s( m°2 3d9 (

2 DlH)5/ 2 148066. 3 2 S)4p 4pvu 3p° 2

1 150250

5f

3 G§ 3d9 (2 D2H)5/ 5/ 3 G° 5 146032. 5

3. 0 9073 7

0

3 Gl ft 4 146029. 5

8s 3 D3

3 G§ 3d9

(

2 Di^)5/ 3 148103. 2 3d9 (2 D2H)8s 8s 3 D 3 150742. 9

3 d

-39. 7

2 2 150782. 6 5g

3 Di 3d9

(2 D2H)5g 5g 3 D 1 146051. 34

0. 00

21. 61

1

3 D2 2 146051. 34

3 d3 3 146072. 95 6f

3 H§ 3d9 (2 D2H)6/ 6/ 3 H° 6 151377. 8

5. 5 -2083. 2

3 Hg f r 5 151372. 3

5g 3 I7 3d9

(

2 D2H)5<7 5g 3 I 7 146069. 01

0. 00

-2076. 76

3 H 4 3d9

(

2 D1H)6/ 4 153455. 57

3 i 8

3 i 5

ft 3d9

(2 D lH)5<7 65

146069. 01

148145. 77 6/ 3 P 2 3d9 (

2 D2^)6/ 6/ 3p° 2

1 151375. 3

5g m2 3d9

(2 D2H)5g 5g m 2 146072. 95 0

5g

3 F4 3d9 (

2 D2^) og 5g 3 F 4 146094. 11 0 00 6/ 3 D3 3d9 (2 D2H)6/ 6/ 3 D° 3 151402. 47

3 -1. 4 f3 ft 3 146094. 11 -2039. 88

3 D2 2 151403. 87

3 F2 3d9

(2 Di^) 5g 2 148133. 99 1

5g

3 H6 3d9

(2 D2 ^)5<7 5g 3 H 6 146103. 42

0. 00

-2075. 88

3d9

(2 D2*)6/ 6/ 3p° 4

3h5 ft 5 146103. 42 6/ 3 F3 3 151419. 27

3h4 3d9 (

2 D^)5g 4 148179. 30 2

5g

3 G8 3d9

(

2 D2H)5gf 5g 3 G 5 146107. 33

0. 00

-2060. 44

7d

3 Si 3d9

(

2 D2H)7d 7d3 S 1 151550. 0?

3 g4

s G3

ft 3d9

(

2 D1H)5(7 4

3

146107. 33

148167. 77 7d

3 G5 3d9

( 2 D2H)7d 7d

3 G 5 151656. 4 -12. 0 -2075. 0

3 g4

/ f 4 151668. 4

6d 3Si 3d9 (

2 D2H)6d 6d3 S 1 146215. 7

3 g3 3d9

(

2 DiH)7d 3 153743. 4? 6d

3 G5 3d9 (2 D2 *)6d 6d3 G 5 146402. 9 -20. 5 -2058. 6

7d

3 P2 3d9 (

2D2H)7d 7d3 P 2 151663. 4

3 -6. 8 G4 ft 4 146423. 4 3 Pi 1 151670. 2

3 g3 3d9

(

2 D^)6d 3 148482. 0 0

6d

3 P2 3d9

(2 D2H)6d 6d

sp 2 146415. 7 -11. 9 -670. 5

7d

3 D3 3d9 (

2 D2^)7d 7d 3D 3 151708. 3

3 Pi ft 1 146427. 6 2

3 Po 3d9

(

2 D1H)6d 0 147098. 1 1

6d

3 D3 3d9 (2 D2*)6d 6d

3 D 3 146496. 2 -79. 1 -1946. 5

7d

3 F4 3d9

(

2 D2*)7d 7d 3 F 4 151745. 1

3 1. 5 d2 ft 2 146575. 33 f3 3 151743. 6

3 Di 3d9

(2 Di^) 6d 1 148521. 8 2

6d

3 F4 3d9

(

2 D2H)6d 6d

3 F 4 146559. 8

3. 2 -2086. 0

6/ mi 3d9 (

2 D1 ^) 6/ 6/ i H° 5 153450. 17

3 f3 // 3 146556. 6

3 f2 3d9

(

2 D1H)6d

3d9 (

2 Dw)7s

2 148642. 6

7s m2 7s iD 2 146936. 48 Cu hi (

2 D2 ^) Limit 163665.6

5f 3d9 (

2 Dx *)5/ 5

/

>D° 2 1 47987. 7

November 1949.
120 sKHHQS

t>KH

02mOO

02 EhT3

<W>

XiO+coa

CO ,*P%

<0 CO

Ch to O 8

**9 <N o

Pm

CO

rfi Al

a,e

Al8

»oAl

Os8 o o Wffi > >

8, ft. TfH O o ° ° oo oo 8. 8. 8. 8. T^l ^ o o o o O o o o 0

Pm Pm Pm Pm Pm Pm Pm8. 8, '"8*8 W *8

CD CO 1 | Ttn Tt< rt< Ttn o o o o O O o o o o o QQ QQ QQ QQ Q QQ ; - Hi Hi > > > 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 la. 8 8

CO CO 1 1 Tt< Tft TjH rt< 1 1 o o o o o o o o £hPh PhPh Pm QPh > > > 8 8 8 8 "8 8 8 8

CO CO 1 1 Ttn TJH TJH TJH TJH 1 1

Al8

cp>

*8

rjn

QQ4 4

Tfl Al

"O8

'OCO

"OCO Q

'O

CO 5 - > > £ > H

Pm 8Pm Q s 8s o

jj? m r1

.• wCO co co CO oo CO CO

TtH -C*H rjn % % % % %

oo"CJ % CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

Os Os so 1C MM

oo

pM Pm QQo o MM

OO

QQ

P-. Ph

OO

"O "e

b~ CO 44

PM PM

'tJTSCD I I QQ

"O "O t> CO I I TH TtH P^Pm T3 T3 1> CO I I tJH Tfl COCO

"O

CO

*For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Nii

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
Cura

121

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=29

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d9 2D2^

a

2D2h 297100 cm-1

I. P. 36.83 volts

The analysis of the Cu hi spectrum was begun by Gibbs and Vieweg, who reported in 1929

that they had some important multiplets. It has been seriously incomplete until recently,

when Shenstone and Wilets undertook a detailed study of the spectrum, especially for inclusion

here.

There are at present approximately 325 classified lines in the interval 672 A to 2822 A.

According to Shenstone, not a single line of any considerable intensity remains unclassified.

He has determined the limit from the 4F series, by using a Ritz formula, with the assumption

that a=0.18X10“6

, as 299145 cm-1

. From a study of isoelectronic data Catalan has derived an improved value, which is quoted here.

The doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem

combinations.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and A. M. Vieweg, Phys. Rev. 33, 1092 (A) (1929). A. G. Shenstone and L. Wilets, Phys. Rev. 83, 104 (1951). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P)

Cu in Cura

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d9 a 2 D 2H

1/4 0. 0

2071. 8

-2071. 8

3d®(3F)4s a

4F 4)4 60804. 9* - 1260. 1 - 1078. 6 -742. 7

3)4 2%

1/

62065. 0

63143. 6 63886. 3 3d8

(3 F)4s a

2 F 3)4 67016. 6 -1947. 0

2)4 68963. 6

3d8 CD) 4s b

2 D 2/2 77967. 6 -811. 8

1/2 78779. 4

3d8

(3P)4s a 4 P 0/2 80422. 8 -117. 6 246. 3

1/2 80305. 2

2% 80551. 5

3d®(3P)4s a 2P 1/4 oy2 85446. 4

86133. 0 -686. 6

3d8

(

1 G)4s a 2 G 4% 89017. 7 -28. 2

3/ 89045. 9

3d8

(

3 F)4p 2*D° 3/ 118861 8 -1713. 2 - 1286. 2 -773. 5

2/

1/2 054

120577. 5

121863. 7 122637. 2

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d8 (

3 F)4p z*G° 5/

4)4

3)4

2/2

121698. 5

121337. 2

122503. 6 123440. 2

361. 3 -1166. 4 -936. 6

3d8

(

3 F) 4p 24F° 4)4

3)4 2)4 D4

123549. 9

124557. 5

125381. 8

125744- 6

- 1007. 6 -824 3 -362. 8

3d8 (

3 F) 4p 22 G° 4)4 3)4 124442. 5

126093. 8

-1651. 3

3d8

(

3F)4p 22F° 3)4 2)4 126829. 4

128679. 4 -1850. 0

3d8

(3F) 4p 2

2 D° 2)4 D4

126891. 9

128435. 8

-1543. 4

3d8

(

3 P) 4p 2

4 P° 2)4 1/

0)4

136607. 8

136482. 9

137041.

124 4 -558. 1

3d8 (

x D)4p y

2F°

2)

4

3)

4 138084. 0

138982. 0

898. 0

3d8 (

x D)4p y

2 D° 1/2 2)4 138988. 1 189756. 6

768. 5

3d8

(

x D)4p 2

2 P°

0)

4

1)

4 139260. 7

140200. 9

940. 2
122

Cu in—Continued Cu ni—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d8

(

3 P) 4p y

4 D° oy2 1^2550. 1 -37. 8 -86. 0

393. 4

3d8

(

3 F) 4d 3 3/2, 4H 194031. 6 IX 142512. 3

2y 142426. 3 3d8

(

3 F) 4d e

4 G 2 X

3 X 142819. 7 3/2

4/2 3d8

(3 P)4p x 2 D° 2/2 144194. 2 -681. 0 5% 194330. 8 IX 144875. 2 3d8

(

3 F) 4d 4 3/2, 4% 195060. 4 3d8

(

3 P) 4p y

2 P° ix 145353. 0 - 1322. 9 3d8

( o x 146675. 9

3 F) 4d 5 3X 195342. 2 3d8

(

1 G)4p z

2 H° 4/2 146533. 6

1113. 4 3d8 (

3 F)4d 6 3X, 4% 195516. 9

5/2 147647. 0

3d8

(

3 F)5s e

2 F 3H 195787. 1 -1611. 3 3d8

(

3 P) 4p z

2 S° 0/2 147652. 5 2 X 197398. 4 3d8 0G)4p x

2 F° 3V2 147805. 9 -857. 0 3d8

(3 F)4d 7 2y2 196740. 2 2/2 148662. 9

3d8

(

3 F)4d 8 2%, 3A 197053. 9 3d8 (

3 P) 4p z

4 S° 1/2 147816. 4 3d8

(3 F) 4d /

2 F 2 A

3d8 0G)4p y

2 G° 3

x/2 153609. 2

199. 2 3y2 197373. 9 4K 153808. 4

3d8

(3 F)4d 9 iX, 2x 197898. 7 3d8

(3 F) 5s e

4F 4K 193369. 0 -746. 6 -1437. 6 -891. 7 3^

2M

1/4 3& 4H

194115. 6 195553. 2 196444. 9

3d8 (

3 F)4d 10 3A 198299. 4

3d8

(3 F) 4d 1 193519. 2 Cu iv (3 F4 ) Limit 297100

March 1951.

Cu hi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p8 +

Observed Terms

3d

9

3d8

(

3 F)nx

3d8

(

3 P)nz

3&(}G)nx

Zd?(l ~D)nx

C a

4 P

la 2 P

a

2 D

ns (n> 4)

a, e

4 F

a, e

2 F

a 2 G

b

2 D

np (n>4)

z

4 S

C z

2 S

C

z

4 D° z4 F'

z

2 D° z2 F‘

z

4 P° y4 D°

y

2 P° x 2 D°

x 2 F‘

Z

2 P° y2 D° y

2 F‘

z

4 G

C z

2 G

C

1/ 2G

C z

2 HC

nd (n>4)

/

2 F

e

4 G

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Coi isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. ii, Introduction.
Cu vn

123

(V i sequence; 23 electrons) Z—29

Ground state Is2 2

2 2p6 32 3^6 3d5 6S2^

a ®S2H cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum is very incompletely known. Kruger and Gilroy have classified three lines as transitions from the ground term to 36} 4p 6P°, as follows:

Int. I. A. Wave No. Desig.

200 200. 665 498343 3d

5 6S2H —

p

9 P§*

150 200. 851 497881 3d59S2H -4p eP|H

100 200. 948 497640 3d5 °S 2H —

p

ePi H REFERENCE

P. G. Kruger and H. T. Gilroy, Phys. Rev. 48, 720 (1935). (T) (C L)

January 1950.

Cu XIX

(Na i sequence; 11 electrons) Z=29

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s 2S0h

3s 2S0^ 5410000 cm-1

I. P. 671 volts

The terms are from Edlen, who fists one pair of classified lines at 47 A. He has extrapolated

the absolute value of the ground term from isoelectronic sequence data.

The unit adopted by Edlen, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Zeit. Phys. 100, 621 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

Cu xix

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3s 3s 2 S oy 0

3V 3p

2 P

Q oy2 827700 36100

iy* 363800

3d 3d 2 D i % 812300 5800 2% 818100

4/ 4f

2F° 2H 2925200 1000 3H 2926200

Cu xx PS0) Limit ... [5410000]

June 1947.
124

ZINC

Zn i

30 electrons Z=3Q

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3

s

2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 XS0

4s2 75766.8 cm"1 I. P. 9.391 volts

The well established series of Zn i are given by Paschen-Gotze and by Fowler.

Hetzler, Boreman, and Burns observed the “Spectrum of the Zinc Arc in Vacuum” from

2138 A to 7799 A for the purpose of obtaining accurate wave lengths. From their prism,

grating, and interferometric measurements they derived precise term values for the leading

series terms. Their values are quoted in the table and are the only entries given to two or more

decimal places. The limit, and remaining regular series terms are from Fowler. The term

13d 3D has been calculated from its combination with 4p

3 P£, since the absolute value given by

Fowler does not fit the observed wave number. Brackets denote that the entry for 5/

3F°

is calculated from the series formula. The *D and 3 P terms from the 4^>

2 configuration are from Sawyer’s paper. These and Fowler’s values have been adjusted slightly by the writer, to

fit the scale of Hetzler, Boreman, and Burns.

Beutler and Guggenheimer have observed in absorption 24 lines between 7 13A and

1109 A which they classify as transitions from the ground term to terms above the ionization

limit having the configurations 3d9 4s2

( 2D)np and 3d9 4s2(

2D)n/. The J-values of the limit

term in Zn ii, ( 2D), are quoted from their paper. Their values of 8p" 3 P° and 9p" 3 P°, counted

from zero, iiave here been decreased by 10 cm-1 to fit the observed wave numbers on which

these levels are based. For triplet terms only the component with J— 1 is indicated in the

table, since only combinations with the ground term (J=0) are relevant.

Intersystem combinations connecting the singlet and triplet systems of terms have been

observed.

Long before the development of the quantum theory of the Zeeman effect, the lines of

the Zn i triplet 4p

3 P° —5s 3S, 4680 A, 4722 A, and 4810 A, were among those used to test Preston’s postulate that corresponding series lines of different elements are separated in the same manner in a magnetic field of the same strength. Although observed (/-values have

apparently not been published for Zn i, these lines serve excellently for the calibration of the

magnetic field strength in determining the observed Zeeman patterns of various spectra.

The quoted values are from Kiess, who furnished them especially for inclusion here.

REFERENCES

C. Runge and F. Paschen, Astroph. J. 15, 333 (1902). (Z E)

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren p. 106 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 139 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L) R. A. Sawyer, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 13, 439 (1926). (T) (C L)

F. Paschen und R. Ritschl, Ann. der Phys. [5] 18, 891 (1933). (C L)

H. Beutler und K. Guggenheimer, Zeit. Phys. 87, 176 (1933). (T) (C L)

L. E. Kinsler and W. V. Houston, Phys. Rev. 45, 108 (1934). (Z E)

J. B. Green and D. E. Gray, Phys. Rev. 45, 273 (1934). (Z E)

C. W. Hetzler, R. W. Boreman, and K. Burns, Phys. Rev. 48, 656 (1935). (T) (C L)

C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (March 1950). (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)
125

Zn I Zn I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d10 4s2 4s2 is 0 0. 000 3d10 4s(2 S)9p 9p 1 P° 1 73469. 7 3d10 4s (

2 S) 4p 4p 3po 0 32311. 308 icm n«9 3d10 4s(2 S)8d 8d

3 D 1,2,3 73471. 1 1 32501. 390

388. 927 1. 496

2 32890. 317 1. 505 3d10 4s(2 S)10s 10s 3 S 1 73698. 6 3d10 4s(2 S)4p 4p

ipo 1 467^5. 37 3d10 4s(2 S)10p lOp ip° 1 74012. 4

3d10 4s(2 S)5s 5s 3 S 1 53672. 241 2. 001 3d10 4s(2 S)9d 9d 3 D 1,2,3 74016. 7 3d10 4s(2 S)5s 5s IS 0 55789. 220 3d1(r4s(2 S)lls 11s 3 S 1 74169. 0 3d10 4s(2S)5p 5p 3po 0 61247. 2

26 7 3d10 4s (

2 S) lOd lOd 3 D 1,2,3 74387. 7

1 61273. 9

56. 2 2 61330. 1 3d10 4s(2 S)12s 12s 3 S 1 74495. 8 3d10 4s(2 S)4d 4d ID 2 62458. 51 3d10 4s(2 S) lid lid 3 D 1, 2, 3 74651. 3 3d10 4s(2 S)4d 4d 3 D 1 62768. 75

3. 25

4. 95

3d10 4s (

2 S) 12d 12d 3 D 1,2,3 74855. 1 2 62772. 00

3 62776. 95 3d10 4s (

2 S) 13d 13d 3 D 1, 2, 3 74994. 0 3d10 4s(2 S)5p 5p ipo 1 62910. 0 3d10 4s (

2 S) 14d 14d 3 D 1, 2,3 75112. 2 3d10 4s(2 S)6s

3d10 4s(2 S)6s

6s 3 S 1 65432. 32 Zn ii (

2 S^)

3d10 4p2

Limit 75766. 8

6s »S 0 66037. 60 4p2 3p 0 80176

219

1 80395

3d10 4s(2 S)6p 6p

3po 0 68070. 854

9 815 2

12 68080. 669

68101. 784

21. 115 3d10 4

p

2 4p2 *D 2 80795

3d10 4s (2S) od 5d ID 2 68338. 48 3d9 4s2 (

2D2}4)4p 4p' iP° 1 90158

3d10 4s(2 S)5d 5d 3 D 1 68579. 13

1 47 3d9 4s2 (

2D1>*)4p 4p' 3 P° 1 94717

2 68580. 60

2. 43

3 68583. 03 3d9 4s2 (

2 Di^)4p 4p' 3 D° 1 95257

3d10 4s(2 S)6p 6p

ipo 1 68607. 26 3d9 4s2

(

2 D2H)5p 5

p' !P0 1 123470

3d10 4s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3p° 2, 3,4 68834- 4 3d9 4s2 (

2 D^)5p 5p' 3 P° 1 125968

3d10 4s(2 S)7s 7s 3 S 1 69745. 94 3d9 4s2

(

2 D^)5p 5p’ 3 D° 1 126255

3d10 4s(2 S)7s 7s IS 0 70003. 72 3d9 4s2

(

2 D2H)6p 6p' ip° 1 130617

3d10 4s(2 S)7p 7p 3p° 0 70977. 14 4. 83 3d9 4s

2

(

2 D2H)4/ 4/' 3 P°? 1 131671

1 70981. 97

10. 19

2 70992. 16 3d9 4s2

(2D1H)6p 6p' 3 P° 1 133214

3d10 4s(2 S)6d 6d J D 2 71050. 45 3d9 4s2

(

2 Di^)6p 6p' 3 D° 1 133349

3d10 4s(2 S)6d 6d

3 D 1 71212. 13

0 77 3d9 4s

2

(

2DiH)4/ 4f iP0 ? 1 133478

2 71212. 90

1. 34

3 71214. 24 3d9 4s2

(

2D2H)7p 7p' 2 P° 1 133638

3d10 4s(2 S)7p 7p ipo 1 71219. 08 3d9 4s2

(

2 D2^)5/ 5f3 P°? 1 133989

3d10 4s(2 S)5/ 5/ 3p° 2, 3, 4 [71323. 4] 3d9 4s2

(

2D2H)8p 8p' 1 P° 1 135185

3d10 4s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 71822. 5 3d9 4s2

(2D2H)9p 9p' !P0 1 136066

3d10 4s(2 S)8s 8s IS 0 71958. 20 3d9 4s2

(

2Dw)7p 7

p' 3 P° 1 136292

3d10 4s(2 S)7d 7d *D 2 72489. 13 3d9 4s2

(2D2H)10p 10p' 2 P° 1 136656

3d10 4s(2 S)8p 8p 3p° 0

1 72495. 872498. 56 2. 8

5. 64

3d9 4s2

(

2 D2H)llp lip' !P 0

1 137060

2 72504. 20 3d9 4s2

(

2 D2H)12p 12p' ip° 1 137344

3d10 4s (

2 S) 8p 8p ipo 1 72626. 2 3d10 4s(2 S)7d 7d 3 D 1, 2,3 72627. 9 3d9 4s2

(

2 D^)8p 8p' 3 P° 1 137883

3d10 4s(2 S)9s 9s 3 S 1 72985. 4 3d9 4s2

(2D1H)9p 9p' 3 P° 1 138813

3d10 4s(2 S)9s 9s iS 0 73060. 63 3d9 4s2

(2Di^)l Op 10p' 2 P° 1 139377

3d10 4s(2 S)9p 9p 3p° 0

1 73390. 7

73392. 27 1. 6

3. 59

3d9 4s2

(2 D1H)llp lip' 3 P° 1 139762

2 73395. 86 3d9 4s2

(

2 D1 ^)12p 12p' 3 P° 1 140059

February 1950.
126

Zn i Obsebved Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 +

Observed Terms

3d10 4s2 4s2 iS

3d10 4p2 / 4p2 3 P

\ 4p

2 ! D

ns (n>5) np (n> 4) nd (n> 4) nf (n> 4)

3d10 4s(2 S)m; / 5-12s 3 S

\ 5- 9s !S 4- 9p

3 P°

^10p ip°

4-14d 3 D

4- 7d‘D

4/ 3 F°

3d9 4s2

(

2 D)nx' 4-12p' 3 P° 4-6p' 3 D°

4-12p' iP°

4, 5f

3 P°

4/' iP°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Zn i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Zn II

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z=30

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s 2Sq^

4s 2S0^ 144890.6 cm-1

I. P. 17.96 volts

In 1925 von Salis published an analysis giving well established doublet series in Zn ii, from which most of the terms in the table are taken. He derived the limit from the 2D-series,

by using a Ritz formula.

From infrared observations Paschen and Ritschl resolved the 4/ 2F° term and found the

5g 2 G-term.

By analogy with Cu i, terms from 3d9 4s nx are to be expected. Takahashi, Kalia, and

Mazumder have published, respectively, 21, 8, and 26 levels, and grouped some of them into

terms from this configuration. The first and last of these three papers are, however, not

independent. Mazumder utilizes 6 levels given by Takahashi in making up the 6 terms he

suggests.

More recently Shenstone and Gibson have investigated this spectrum and furnished their

results in advance of pubhcation, for inclusion here. They ascribe 8 terms to 3d9 4s 4p and

confirm 6 levels by Takahashi and 10 by Mazumder, of which 4 are common to both lists. Shenstone’s interpretation of the terms from this configuration has been adopted here. He

has also revised Ip 2P°, added 8p

2P°, and resolved 8/

2F°. His revised term values have been

used throughout, for the present compilation. The remaining published levels have been

omitted, awaiting further confirmation.

There are approximately 120 classified lines in the interval between 984 A and 9950 A,

including the infrared data, Lang’s ultraviolet material, and the lists by von Salis and Shenstone. Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet and quartet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

G. v. Salis, Ann. der Phys. [4] 76, 145 (1925). (I P) (T) (C L) Y. Takahashi, Ann. der Phys. [5] 3, 27 (1929). (T) (C L) R. J. Lang, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 15, 414 (1929). (C L)

F. Paschen und R. Ritschl, Ann. der Phys. [5] 18, 890 (1933). (T) (C L)

P. N. Kalia, Ind. J. Phys. 10, 463 (1936). (T) (C L) K. C. Mazumder, Trans. Bose Research Inst. Calcutta 10, 181 (1934—5). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 36, 431 (1946). (Summary hfs). A. G. Shenstone and L. E. Gibson, unpublished material (February 1950). (T) (CL)
127

Zn n Zn II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d10 OS) 4s 4s 2 S oy 0. 0 3d10 OS) 5^ 50

2 G 4)4 127310. 1 - 0. 1 3y2 127310. 2 3d10 0S)4p 4p 2 P° oy 484-80. 6

873. 8 3d10 i H 49354. 4 0S)6d 6d 2 D 1 y 127629. 9

13. 2

2)4 127643. 1 3

9 4s2 4s2 2 D 2)4 62721. 9 65441. 1 -2719. 2 3d10 0S)7p 7p

2 P° iy 128343. 5 -174. 4

0)4 128517. 9 3d10 OS) 5s 5s 2 S oy 88436. 8 3d9 4sOD)4p 4p" 2 P° 1 y 130371. 4

3d10 0S)4d 4d 2 D vy

2)4 96909. 0 96959. 7

50. 7

0)4 3d9 4sOD)4p 4p,/2 D° 2y

3d10 0S)5p 5p

2 P° oy 101365. 3

245. 5

1 y 131651. 7

iy 101610. 8

3d10 OS) 8s 8s 2 S oy2 131876. 0 3d9 4s(3D)4p 4p' 4 P° 2)4 103690. 2 1632 3 3d10 OS) 6/ 6/ iy 105322. 5

2 F° - 1204. 8

2)4 132603. 3

35. 4 oy2 106527, 3 3)4 132638. 7

3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 4 F° 4y

3)4 106841. 9 -425. 7 3d10 0S) 60 60 2 G f 4)4

l 3)4 j 132683. 4

2y2 i y

107267. 6 3d10 0S)7d Id 2 D 1 y 132879. 8

7. 9

2)4 132887. 7 3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 4 D° 3)4

1

1 y

1 0y

2)4

i y

111743. 2

111993. 7 -250. 5 -541. 0 3d10 OS) 8p 8p 2 P°

|

133805

0)4 112534- 7 3d10 OS) 9s 9s 2 S 0)4 135423. 0 3d9 4s(3D)4p 4p' 2 P° oy 113492. 7

6. 3

i y 113499. 3y23d10 OS) 7/ 7/ 2 F° 135889. 3

135892. 2 -2. 92y

3d9 4s(3 D)4p 4p' 2 D° i y 114044. 1 789. 9

2y 114834. 0 3d10 OS) 70 70

2 G {

4)4

l 3)4 | 135923. 3 3d9 4s(3D)4p 4p' 2 F° 3y 11 4208. 3

2y 3d10 0S)8d 8d 2D - m 136051. 2

5. 1 2X 136056. 3 3d10 OS) 6s 6s 2 S oy 114498. 5 3d10 OS) 8/ 8/ 2 F° 3)4 138001. 3 -1. 3 3d10 OS) 4/ 4/ 2 F° 3)4 2y

117262. 7 117263. 3

-0. 6

2)4 138002. 6 3d10 (

1S)9d 9d

2 D iy 138113. 7

3. 6 3d10 0S)5d 5d 2 D vy 117968. 7

24. 2

2)4 138117. 3

2)4 117992. 9 3d10 0S)6p 6p

2 P° oy

i y

oy

119887. 9

119959. 0

71. 1 Zn hi 0So) Limit 144890. 6 3d10 OS) 7s 7s 2 S 125879. 5 3d10 OS) 5/ 5/ 2 F° 3)4 127199. 0 -9. 6

2)4 127208. 6

February 1950.

Zn ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d9 4s2

3d10 0S)nx

3d9 4s(3 D)nx'

3d9 4sOD)nx"

4s2 2 D

ns (n>4) np (n>4) nd (n>4) nf (n>4) ng (n> 5)

4-9s 2 S

{

4-8p 2 P°

4p' 4 P° 4p' 4 D° 4p' 4 F°

4p' 2 P° 4p' 2 D° 4p/2 F°

4p" 2 P° 4p" 2 D°

4-9d 2 D 4-8/ 2 F° 5-70 2 G

*For predicted terms of the Cu i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.
128

Zn m

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=30

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 'S0

3d10 'So 320300 cm"1 I. P. 39.70 volts

The analysis is incomplete. In 1927 Laporte and Lang published 9 terms from the 2D limit

in Zn iv, and classified 37 lines between 677 A and 1839 A. By extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence they estimated the limit to be about 325000 cm-1

. From more extensive observations, Mazumder has classified 219 more lines and found 24

new terms in the range between 497 A and 3133 A. His value of the limit, based on the ns 3 D

series (71=4,5) and derived from a Rydberg formula, is 324405 cm-1. From a study of isoelectronic data Catalan has derived an improved value, which is quoted here.

The terms in the table are from these two papers. On the suggestion of Mack, Laporte,

and Lang the two levels 4p

3Di and 4p 'Pi have been interchanged, in order to agree better

with the isoelectronic sequence data for Ga iv and Ge v. The terms of all three multiplicities are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

O. Laporte and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 30, 378 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, O. Laporte, and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 31, 748 (1928). (T) K. C. Mazumder, Indian J. Physics 10, 171 (1936). (I P) (T) (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P)

Zn in Zn III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d10 3d10 iS 0 0

3d9

(2 D)4s 4s S D 3

2

1

78105

79283

80859

-1178

-1576

3d9

(2 D)4s 4s 3D 2 83509

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p

3po 2 137876 -^04

-1321 1 140080

0 141401

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p 3F° 4 141335

671

-1827 3 140664

2 142491

3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p

3 D° 3 144511 -741

-2325 2

1 145252

147577

3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p iF° 3 145974

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p

ipo 1 147505

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p iD° 2 147928

3d9

(

2 D)4d 4d 3 S 1 214362

3d9

(2D)5s 5s 3 D 3 214885 -462

-2322 2

1 215347

217669

3d9

(2 D)4d 4d ! G 4 215121

3d9 (

2 D)4d 4d 3 S 0 215476

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3dB

(2 D)4d 4d 3 G 54

3

216617

216473

217082

144

-609

3d9

(2 D)4d 4d 2 216903

3d9

(

2 D)4d 4d 3 P 2

10

217664

218918

221363

-1254

-2445

3d9 (

2 D)4d 4d 3 D 3

2

1

218048

218548

221350

-500

-2802

3d9

(

2 D)4d 4d iF 3 219352

3d9

(2 D)4d 4d 3 F 4

3

2

219368

219692

220674

-324

-982

3dfl (

2 D)4d 4d »P 1 221332

3de

(2 D) 5s 5s ] D 2 227854

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 5 G° 6

54

3

2

252029

252580

256301

-551

-3721

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' spo 54

3

2

1

252287

252415

253703

255635

-128

-1288

-1932
129

Zn in—Continued Zn ni—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' jp)o 4 252311 1821 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" *G° 5

3 254132 393

-1708

-2625

4 274154 -1113

2

1 253739

255447

3 275267

0 268072 3d8 4s(*F)4p 4p" ‘D° 2 274339

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 3 G° 5 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" *D° 3 276128 -2111

-1977 4 263829 306 2 278239

3 263523 1 280216

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' 3 D° 3 265492 4511 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" >F° 3 276748

2

1 270003

272104

-2101

3d8 4s(2 F)4p O

0 4 277604

3d8 4s(4 F)4p 4p' *F° 4 265538 423 3d8 4s(2 F)4p 4p" *F° 2 277968 -644

815

•

3

2 265961

272136 -6175 3

4 277324278139

Zn iv (2 Djx) Limit 320300

March 1951. Zn hi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s3 2p« 3s2 3p6 +

Observed Terms

3d10 3d10 3 S

3d*(2 D)ru;

3d8 4s(4 F)ru;/

3d8 4s(2 F)nx"

ns (n>4) np (n>4) nd (n>4)

/ 4, 5s *D

l 4, 5s »D

4p 3 P°

4p!P0 4p 3 D°

4p 1 D°

4p *F° 4p »F° 4d*S

4d»S

4d 3 P'

< 4dT

4d *D 4d 3 F

4d ! D 4d *F 4d 3 G4d ! G

{

4p' *D°

4p' 3 D°

4p' 5 F°

4p' *F° 4*.

4*- OO O

O

{

4p" *D°

4p" »D° 4*-

4*- 3*3 0

0 4p" »G°

4p" »G°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Nil isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Zn IV

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z= 30

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d? 2D2^

3d? 2D2h cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed. Nine terms and 48 classified lines between 1029 A

and 1443 A have been suggested by Subbaraya. Bloch and Bloch have also published 32

classified lines between 466 A and 1449 A but give no terms. A tolerance in the intervals of

35 cm-1 in the former paper and 22 cm-1 in the latter makes the analysis appear dubious in

both cases, particularly since only one interval and possibly four lines are common to both

papers.

REFERENCES

T. S. Subbaraya, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. [A] 2, 113 (1935). (T) (C L)

L. Bloch et E. Bloch, Ann. de Phys. [11] 5, 348 (1936). (C L)

March 1950.

675475 0 - 63 - 11
130

GALLIUM

Gal

31 electrons Z=31

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p

6 3d

10 4s2 4p

2Pq^

4p 2 P^ 48380 cm-1

I. P. 6.00 volts

Uhler and Tanch observed the spectrum from 2200 to 4172 A, and extended two of the

doublet series (

2S and 2D) given by Fowler and by Paschen-Gotze. Later Sawyer and Lang

found the two terms 4p2 2S and 4p

2 4P from their combination with 4p

2P°. Garton has since

observed six intense absorption lines between 1500 and 1650 A, which he classifies as combinations of the ground term with 4p

2 2S and 4p2 2P. His absolute values for these two terms,

calculated from the limit 48380, have been used for the present compilation. His work indi- cates a revision of Sawyer’s value of 4p

2 2S, which, counted from zero, is 40265.

Meggers and Murphy have recently photographed the spectrum from 6396 to 12109 A.

They find the strong lines due to the transition 5s 2S— 5p

2P° at 11949.24 and 12109.93 A,

thus confirming the early predictions which placed them near 12000 A. They have also ex- tended the two series 5p 2P°—ns 2S, and 5p 2P°—nd 2D to n = 12 and 11, respectively, and

have observed the n/ 2F° series (n=4-7).

The writer has recalculated all of the term values with the aid of the new data. Fowler’s

limit, quoted above, is confirmed. The number of classified lines is now approximately 70.

REFERENCES

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 157 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren, p. 129 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (I P) (T)

(CL)

H. S. Uhler and J. W. Tanch, Astroph. J. 55, 295 (1922). (C L) R. A. Sawyer and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 34, 718 (1929). (T) (C L)

W. R. S. Garton, Nature 166, 317 (1950). (T)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) W. F. Meggers and R. J. Murphy, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 48, 334 RP 2320 (1952).

Gal Gal

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 OS) 4p 4p

2 P° o y2 0. 00

826. 24 4s2 OS) 6p 6p

2P° oy2 40376. 46 41. 16

i % 826. 24 1/2 40417. 62

4s2 (iS) 5s 5s 2 S oy2 24788. 58 4s2 0S)5d 5d 2 D 1/2 40802. 72 & 48

2y2 40811. 20

4s2 0S)5p 5p

2 P° oy2 i y2 330U- 06

33155. 03 110. 97 4s2 OS) 7s 7s 2 S 0/2 42158. 44

4s2

(

1 S)4d 4d 2 D i K

2/2 34781. 67

34787. 92 6. 25

4s2

(

1 S)7p 7p

2 P° oy2 1/2 43440. 8

43461. 7

20. 9

4s2 OS) 6s 6s 2 S oy2 37584. 62 4s2 OS) 6d 6d 2 D

2H

43575. 38

43580. 59

5. 21

4s 4

p

2 4p2 4p 0

]/

2 37972 366

575

4s2 OS) 4f 4f

2 F° 2/, 3/ 43954- 71

1/2 38338

2/ 38913 4s2 OS) 8s 8s 2 S 0y2 44331. 9
131

Ga I—Continued Ga I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 0S)7d Id 2 D l K 45072. 0 a 1 4s2 OS) lOd lOd 2 D 1/2, 2K 46941. 6

2K 45076. 11

4s2 OS) 7/ 7/ 2F° 2/2, 3K 47022. 0

4s2 OS) 9s 9s 2 S ok 45536. 66

4s2 OS) 12s 12s 2 S OK 47092. 52

4s*0S)8

8d

2 D 45969. 2 0 8 2/2 45972. 00 4s2 0S)lld lid 2 D IK, 2K 47222. 10

4s2 OS) 5/ 5/ 2 F° 2K, 3K 46ISO. 7

4s2 OS) 10s 10s 2 S 0k 46273. 9 Ga 11 OS0) Limit 48380

4s3 OS) 9d 9d 2 D 1

46548. 3 0 6

4s 4

p

2 4p22S OK 62100

2k 46548. 9

4s 4p2 4p2 2 p OK 65796

4s2 OS) 6f 6f

3 F° 2k, 3k 46660. 8 IK 66422 D^D

4s2 (

1 S)lls 11s 2 S ok 46758 2

November 1951. Ga i Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2

(

1 S)4p 4vJ P°

4s 4p* / 4p* 4 P

\ 4

p

2

S 4p2 2P

ns (n > 5) np (n> 5) nd (n> 4) nf (n>4)

4s2

(

1 S)nx 5-12s 2S 5-7p 2 P° 4—lid 2 D 4-7/ 2F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ga i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. ii, Introduction.

Ga n

(Zn i sequence; 30 electrons) Z=31

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2f>6 3s2 3p

6 3d

10 4s2 'So

4

2 'So 165458 cm"1 I. P. 20.54 volts

The analysis has not been extended since 1929 when Sawyer and Lang classified about 90

lines in the region between 829 A and 7793 A. The terms are from their paper, predicted series

members being entered in brackets. They have derived absolute values from the various

series “in such a way as to make the deviations from true Rydberg type similar to those found

in A1 ii.” An evident misprint in their value of 7p 'P° has here been corrected to fit the observed

combinations.

The singlet and triplet terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

R. A. Sawyer and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 34, 712 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)
132

Ga n Ga II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4s2 iS 0 0 4s(2 S)4/ 4/ iF° 3 137343

4s(2 S)4p 4p 3 P° 0 47370 446 4s (2S) 6p 6p 3P° 0, 1,2 [139260]

1 47816 934 2 48750 4s(2 S)6p 6p iP° 1 [139660]

4s(2 S)4p 4p iP° 1 70700 4s(2 S)6d 6d 3D 2 139694

4s(2 S)5s 5s 3S 1 102943 4s(2 S)7s 7s 3S 1 145493

4s(2 S)5s 5s *S 0 106656 4s(2S)7s 7s 3 S 0 146013

4s(2 S)4d 4d »D 2 107719 4s(2 S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 2, 3,4 147483

4s(2 S)4d 4d 3 D 1 113816 25 4s(2S)5/ 5/ 2 F° 3 147492

2 113841 34

3 113875 4s(2 S)6d 6d 3 D 1 147516

8

9

2 147524

4p* 4p2 3 P 0 114701 524

912

3 147533

1 115225

2 116137 4s(2S)7d 7d ID 2 148437

4s(2 S)5p 5p

3 P° 0 118427 89

210

4s(2 S)7p 7p

3 P° 0, 1, 2 [148620]

1 118516

2 118726 4s(2 S)7p 7p »P° 1 148707

4s(2 S)5p 5v 1 120540 4s(2S)8s 8s »S 1 151919

4s(2 S)5d 5d *D 2 [127190] 4s(2 S)8s 8s 3S 0 152193

4s(2 S)6s 6s 3 S 1 133012 4s(2S)6/ 6/ 3F° 2, 3,4 153000

4s (

2S) 6s 6s iS 0 [134310] 4s(2S)6/ 6/ 1 F° 3 [163020]

4s(2S)5d 5d 3 D 1 137154 12

17

4s (

2 S) 7d 7d 3 D 1, 2,3 153061

2 137166

3 137183

4s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3F° 2, 3,4 1S7S33 Ga hi (2S><) Limit 165458

March 1950.

Ga ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p® 3d10 -f Observed Terms

4s2 4s2 iS

4p* 4p2 3p

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4) nd (n> 4) nf (n> 4)

4s(2S)nx / 5 - 8s 3S

l 5, 7, 8s 3 S

4, 5p 3 P°

4, 5, 7p »P° 4-7d 3 D

4, 6, 7d iD 00

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Zn i isoelectronic sequence see Vol. n, Introduction.
Ga in

133

(Cu i sequence ; 29 electrons) Z=31

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s

2 3p

a 3d10 4s 2S0 ^

4s 2S0H 247700 cm"1 I. P. 30.70 volts

The early analysis was by Carroll, who reported six doublet series terms in 1925, and

determined the limit as 247790 by assuming an absolute value of 5g 2 G consistent with

extrapolated isoelectronic sequence data.

From improved measurements Lang revised Carroll’s absolute term values slightly and

added the second member of the principal series. His classification of two faint lines at 632.92 A and 635.02 A, respectively, as 4s 2S—5p 2P° was confirmed only by a rough extra- polation of the Rydberg formula. This places 5p 2Pf^ at 157998 and 5p

2P°^ at 157475

(with 4s 2S=0). The quoted value of the limit is an estimate by Catalan based on isoelectronic data.

Subsequently Rao extended the observations, added the terms 6s 2S and 5d 2D, and

revised Lang’s value of 5p

2P° on the basis of combinations of this term with 5s 2S and 4d

2D.

The revised value of 5p

2P° has been adopted here. With this exception, Lang’s values have

been used in the present compilation, supplemented by the new terms from Rao. A correction

of 10 cm-1 has here been added to the three terms from Rao’s paper (from the ground state

zero) to reduce them to Lang’s scale. About 20 lines have been classified in the interval

1267 A to 5992 A.

REFERENCES

J. A. Carroll, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 335, 368 (1925). (I P) (T) (C L) K. R. Rao, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 39, Part 2, 158 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L) R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 30, 762 (1927). (I P) (T) (C L)

K. R. Rao, A. L. Narayan, and A. S. Rao, Indian J. Phys. 2, 483 (1928). (C L)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P)

Gam

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s 4s 2 S oy2 0 4p 4p 2 P° 0V2 65167 1718

1 X 66885

5s 5s 2 S oy2 140744

4d 4d

2 D 1 X 144078 117

2y2 144195

5p 5p 2 P° oy2 160761 539

1/2 161800

4/ 4/ 2 F° 2/ 185431 7

3% 185438

6s 6s

2 S O/2 187562

5d bd 2 D 1 X 189183 63

2/2 189246

5g

2 G

( 3H

\ 4/ |

208252

Ga iv (‘So) Limit 247700

March 1951.
134

Ga IV

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=31

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p

6 3d

10

3d10 % 517600 cm"1 I. P. 64.2 volts

Mack, Laporte, and Lang have classified 39 lines in the interval 422 A to 1465 A, as combinations among 9 terms. They have determined the limit by linear extrapolation of the

Moseley diagram “slightly modified by a consideration of the first order screening numbers.”

The value of the limit calculated from their quoted ionization potential is entered in brackets

in the table.

Intersystem combinations connecting the singlet and triplet terms, have been observed.

REFERENCE

J. E. Mack, O. Laporte, and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 31, 748 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L)

Ga IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d10 3d10 iS 0 0

3d9

(

2 D)4s 4s J D 3 149298 -1455

-2120 2

1 150753

152873

3d9

(2 D)4s 4s »D 2 155810

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p *P° 2 22^028 -3081

-1820 10

227109

228929

3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p *F° 4 228742 1272

3 227470 -2358

2 229828

3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p *D° 3 282976 -636

-3080 2

1 288612286692

3d9 (

2 D)4p 4p 2 F° 3 284724

3d9

(2 D)4p 4 p

1 P° 1 286099

3d9 (

2 D)4p 4p *D° 2 237248

Ga v (2 D2^) Limit [517600]

November 1949.Ga iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p8 +

Observed Terms

3d10 3d10 iS

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

3d?(2T>)nx / 4s 3 D

\ 4s 2D

4p 8 P°

4p iP°

4p 8 D°

4p >D°

4p »F° 4p 1 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Nil isoelectronic sequence,

see Vol. n, Introduction.
GERMANIUM

Gel

32 electrons Z—32

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s

2 3p

6 3d10 4s

2 4p2 3 P0

4^2 3 P0 63600 cm-1

I. P. 7.88 volts

K. R. Rao, in 1929, revised and extended the early work of Gartlein and others, and

published a list of 139 classified lines between 1639 A and 4685 A. Kiess, in 1940, added 7

terms, from the bp and 6p configurations, and 25 classified lines from his observations between

5265 A and 11144 A. The terms in the table are from these two sources, although it is difficult to choose between the arrangement suggested by Gartlein and that by Rao for the terms which

they interpret differently.

Andrew and Meissner have contributed new terms from the np configuration (n=b to 7),

and adjusted some other values. Their results are from unpublished material furnished

especially for inclusion here.

The limit is from Gartlein, who derived it from the ns u 3P° series (n =5 to 7) and the nd

aP°D 0F°,3P°D °F° series (n= 5, 6) by the use of a Rydberg formula. Rao’s value from the ns *

,3P° series (n=5 to 7) is 63790 cm-1

. Two miscellaneous levels given by Rao have been omitted from the table. With the

ground state equal to zero they are as follows

Desig. Level

lXj

»X2 59522. 561250. 9

The singlet and triplet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem

combinations.

REFERENCES

C. W. Gartlein, Phys. Rev. 31, 782 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 124, 465 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 24, 1, RP1266 (1940). (T) (C L)

J. C. van den Bosch and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Proc. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 44, No. 5, 559 (1941).

(C L) (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) K. L. Andrew and K. W. Meissner, unpublished material (October 1951). (T) (C L)
136

Gel Gel

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4sa 4p* 4p2 3 P 0 0. 00

557. 11

852. 80

4s 4p

3 4pS ipo 1 55473. 6

4s2 4P2 4p2 1J)

12

2

557. 10

1409. 90

7125. 26

1. 476

1. 514

0. 989

4s2 4p(2 P°)6p 6p 3 P 0

12

55503*. 10

56686. 99

56947. 63

1183. 89

260. 64

4s2 4

p

2 4p3 *S 0 16367. 14 4s2 4p(2 P°)5<2 5d >D° 2 55717. 6

4s2 4p(2 P°)5s 5s 3 P° 0 87451. 58 250 62

1. 442

1. 499

4s 4p3 4p3 3 P° 2 56654- 9 -742. 2 — 278. 0

12

37702. 15

89117. 77

1415. 62 10

57897. 1 57675. 1

4s2 4p(2 P°)5s 5s »P° 1 40020. 48 1. 058 4s2 4p(2 P°)6p 6p iS 0 56772. 63

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 2 P 1 45985. 45 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d 3 F° 2

3 56828. 8

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 3 D 1 46765. 12 fiQ 1 1 4

2

3 46834. 23

48103. 97 1269. 74

4s2 4p(2 P°)6p 6p 3S 1 57083. 07

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 3 P 0 47502. 50 585 70 4s2 4p(2 P°)7s 7s 3 P° 0 57166. 5 -245. 9 2010. 8

12

48088. 20

48725. 96 637. 76 12

56920. 6

58931. 4

4s2 4p(2 P°)4<2 4d 1 D° 2 48479. 7 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d 3 P° 2 57178. 5 -252. 2 -265. 4

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d

3 D° 1 48962. 8

80 4

10

57430. 7

57696. 1 2 48881. 9

262. 2

4s2 4p( 3 49144 1

2 P°)6p 6p J D 2 57250. 84

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 3 S 1 49075. 76 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d JP° 1 58056. 6

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p *D 2 49649. 47 4s 4p3 4ps 1J)° 2 58091. 3

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d

3 F° 2 50068. 7

254. 1 4s2 4p(2 P°)7p 7p 3 D 1 58560. 69

26. 07

3 50322. 8 2 58586. 76

4 3

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p iS 0 51011. 32 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d iF° 3 58941. 6

4s2 4p(2 P°)4<2 4d 3 P° 2 51437. 4 -267. 2 -275. 2

4s2 4p(2 P°)7s 7s »P° 1 59113. 7

1 51704- 6 1. 50

0 51979. 8 4s 4p3 4p3 3 D° 3 59655. 1 -33. 0

-36. 6 2 59688. 1 4s2 4p(2 P°)6s 6s 3P° 0 52170. 8 -22. 1 1762. 3

1 59724. 7

12

52148. 2

53910. 5 4s2 4p(2 P°)6<2 6d iD° 2 60885. 2

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d iF° 3 52592. 0 4s2 4p(2 P°)6d 6d iP° 1 61151. 9

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d iP° 1 52847. 0 1. 03 4s2 4p(2 P°)6<2 6d 1 F° 3 61266. 8

4s2 4p(2 P°)6s 6s iP° 1 54174. 6 4s2 4p(2 P°)8s 8s 1 P° 1 61342. 8

4s2 4p(2 P°)6p

4s2 4p(2 P°)6p

6p 3P

6p 3 D

1 54935. 74

1 55235. 68

30. 30

1501. 57 Ge 11 (2 P°om) Limit 63600

2

3

55265. 98

56767. 55?

4s2 4p(2 P°)5<2 5<2 3 D° 1 55469. 7 -97. 3

313. 2

2

3 55372. 4

55685. 6

October 1951.
Ge i Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p* / 4p2 3 P

\4

p

2 X S 4p2 iD

4s 4p3 / 4p3 3 P° 4p3 3 D°

\ 4

p

3

P° 4p3 X D°

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (w> 4)

4s2 4p(2 P°)na; J 5-7s 3 P°

\ 5-8s »P°

5, 6p 3 S

5, 6 p

X S

5, 6 p

3 P 5-7p3 D

5, 6p

X P 5, 6p

X D

4, 5d

3 P°

4-6d X P°

4, 5d 3 D°

4-6d >D°

4, 5d 3 F°

4-6d X F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ge i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Ge n

(Ga i sequence; 31 electrons) Z—32

Ground state L

2 2s2 2p* 3s

2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p2Poh

4p

2Poh 128518 cm-1

I. P. 15.93 volts

The analysis of this spectrum was begun by Lang, who classified 33 lines and found 10

terms. Rao and Narayan also reported 8 terms and an estimated value of the limit. It has

been greatly extended by Gartlein, who has furnished his unpublished data especially for

inclusion here. He has observed the spectrum from 813 A to 6484 A and now has 131 classified

lines.From three series, ns 2S (71=5-9), nd 2D (71=4-10), and 7i/ 2F° (71=4-11) he determines the

limit quoted here. It is based on a Hicks formula and is derived by the method suggested

by Shenstone. Meissner and Andrew have made further observations between 4741 and 7145 A

that have enabled the writer to derive improved term values for inclusion here. They have

resolved the 4-7/ 2F° terms by combining their data with those of Gartlein. The three place

entries in the table are from their interferometer observations.

The quartet terms are connected with the doublet terms by observed intersystem combinations.

The observed gr-values have been determined by the writer from the Zeeman patterns

published in the 1941 reference below.

REFERENCES

R. J. Lang, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 14, 32 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) K. R. Rao and A. L. Narayan, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 119, 609 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 34, 698 (1929). (T) (C L)

C. C. Kiess, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 24, 5, RP1266 (1940). (C L)

J. C. van den Bosch and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Proc. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 44, No. 5, 560 (1941).

(C Lj (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) C. W. Gartlein, unpublished material (August 1950). (I P) (T) (C L) K. W. Meissner and K. L. Andrew, unpublished material (November 1951). (T) (C L)
138

Gen Gen

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 0S)4p 4p

2P

6 oy2 1/2 0. 0

1767. 1 1767. 1 4s2 OS) 60 60 2 G I 3j4 \

i 4/2 / 116265. 94

4s 4p

2 4p2 *P 0 % 51575. 5 715 0

4s2

(

1 S)9s 9s 2S OK 118522. 4 iK

2y2 0y2

52290. 5 53366. 7

1076. 2

4s2 OS) 8d 8d 2 D iy2 2y2 119337. 8

119345. 2

7. 4

4s2 OS) 5s 5s 2 S 62402. 360 2. 00

i/2 4s2 OS) 7/ 7/

2 ]?° 3/2 119378. 27 -0. 45 4s 4

p

2 4p

2 2D 65015. 0

169. 1 2/2 119373. 72

2/ 65184. 070

4s2 CS)5p 5p

2 P° 0/2 79006. 205

359. 642 0. 67

4s2 OS) 70 70

2 G

{ 3)U

l 4/2 / 119521. 03

1>2 IK

79865. 847 1. 33

4s2 OS) 10s 10s 2 S 0)4 120975. 9

4s2 0S)4d 4d

2 D 80836. 05

175. 75

4p2 2g

2/2 81011. 80 4s2 0S)9d 9d 2 D m121512. 7

4s 4p2 ok 85889. 9 4p2 2 P 0)4

1/2

4s2 OS) 8/ 8/ 2 F° J 2y2 \ 121531. 4 4s 4p2 91014. 8

92122. 1 1107. 3

l 3 /2 /

6s 2 S 0/2 94783. 758

4s 4p(3 P°)5s: 5s 2P° 0/2 121914. 1 1185. 7

4s2 OS) 6s iK 128099. 8

4s2 OS) 5d 5d

2 D 1/2 100089. 32

40. 86 0. 77 4s 4p(3 P°)5s: 5s 4 P° 0y2 122693. 7?

707. 7

329. 1 2/2 100130. 18 1. 20 1 K 123401. 4

3)4 2K 124730. 54s2 OS) 4/ 4/ 2 F° 100816. 50 -0. 64

2)4 100317. 14 4s2 0S)10d lOd 2 D {»} 122996. 0

4s2 OS) 6p 6p

2 P° / 0M1

IOI 242. 8

l 1/2) 4s2 OS) 9/ 9/ 2F° / 2/2 L 1 3 y2 j 128007. 0

4s2 OS) 7s 7s 2S 0/2 107935. 40

4s2 OS) lid lid 2D / 1K\ 124053. 7 4s2 OS) 6d 6d

2 D IK

2)4 110377. 39

110396. 93 19. 54 l 2 y2 f 4s2 OS) 10/ 10/ 2 F°

I 2>H 124061. 6

4s2 OS) 5/ 5/ 2F° 3)4

2)4 110503. 69

110504. 43

-0. 74 l 3/2 / 4s2 OS) 11/ 11/ 2 F° / 2/) 124840. 8

4s2 OS) 7p 7p

2 P° {»} 111016. 2

l 3/ J 4s2 OS) 12/ 12/ 2 F° / 2#\ 125481. 5

4s2 OS) 8s

4s2 OS) 7d

8s 2 S

7d

2D

0)4 IK

114637. 84

115977. 10

10. 04

1 3/ /

Ge inOS0) Limit 128518

2)4 115987. 14

4s2 OS) 6/ 6/ 2 F° -3)4 116040. 62 -0. 54 4p3

4

2)4 116041. 16 4p S° 3 IK 136287. 8

November 1951. Ge ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p2 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 0S)4p

4s 4p*

4p3

4s2 0S)nz

4s 4p(3 P°)nz

4p 2 P°

J 4p2

4

P

l 4p2 2 S 4p2 2P 4p2 2D

4p3

4

S°:

ns (n>5) np (n>5) nd (n>4) nf (n>4) ng (n> 5)

5-1Os 2 S

f 5s 4P°:

l 5s 2 P°:

5-7p

2P° 4-lld 2D 4-12/ 2 F° 6, 7g

2 G

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ga i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n. Introduction.
Ge in

139

(Zn i sequence; 30 electrons) Z=32

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 'So

4s

2 'S0 276036 cm-1

I. P. 34.21 volts

The analysis is from Lang, who has revised and extended the earlier work on this spectrum,

and published a list of 86 classified lines between 542 A and 5256 A. His term values “depend

upon an arbitrary choice of 65500 cm*1 ” for the absolute value of 4/ 3 F4 . This choice is based on isoelectronic sequence data and “has been made with reasonable accuracy.”

Rao and Narayan list in addition 6 “even” miscellaneous levels that are not included here.

The writer has derived the tabulated gr-values from the observed Zeeman patterns given in

the 1941 reference below.

The singlet and triplet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

K. R. Rao and A. L. Naravan, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A], 119, 616 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 34, 696 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. C. van den Bosch and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Proc. Ned. Akad. v. Wetensch. Amsterdam 44, No. 5, 560

(1941). (Z E)

Ge in Ge III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

4s3 4s2 iS 0 0 4p(2 P°)4d 4d iD° 2 197122

4s(2 S)4p 4p 3 P° 0 617S3 763 4s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3po 2 210455. 3

17. 4

63

1 62496 1642 3 210472. 7

2 64138 4 210536

4s(2 S)4p 4p !P° 1 91873 4s(2 S)4/ 4/ IF0 3 210531

4s(2 S)4d 4d *D 2 144972 4s(2 S)6s 6s 3 S 1 211149 1. 94

4p

2 4p2 sp 0 147691 953

1729

4p(2 P°)4d 4d

ipo 1 212359

12 148644

150373 4s(2 S)5d 5d

3 D 1 213133. 2

30. 6

44. 2

0. 50

2 213163. 8 1. 16

4p3 4p

2 1 D 2 148776 3 213208. 0 1. 32

4s(2 S)5s 5s 3 S 1 158576. 2 1. 99 4p(2 P°)4d 4d

ipo 3 213579

4s(2 S)4d 4d

3 D 1 162851. 0

70. 8

106. 5

4s(2 S)5<7 5g ! G 4 234910??

2 162921. 8

3 163028. 3 4s (2 S) 5g 5g

3 G 3, 4,5 234928?

4s(2 S)5s 5s iS 0 167450 4cP? 4<P !D 2 235908

4s(2 S)5p 5p 3 P° 0 181871 1 68

1 182039 459 1. 48

2 182498

184308. 8

1. 49 Ge iv (2 S^) Limit 276036

4s(2 S)5p 5p 1 P° 1

March 1950.
140

Ge hi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p

6 3

d

10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4s2 X S

4p

2 |

4p2 3P

4p2 X D

4cP 4d2 iD?

ns (n> 5) np (n> 4) nd (n> 4) nf (n> 4) ng (n> 5)

4s(2 S)rur /5,6s 3 S

\ 5s iS

4^

"cn

Oi o

o 4,5d

3 D

4d X D v

-s v

-s 0o 5g 3 G?

bg'G?

4p(?'P°)nx 4d 1 P° 4d ‘D° 4d 1 F°

*For predicted terms of the Zn i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Ge IV

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s 2S0vs

4s 2 S0 h 368701 cm-1

Z—32

I. P. 45.7 volts

Carroll, in 1925, reported five doublet series terms, and determined the limit by assuming an absolute value of 4/ 2F° (111200 cm-1

) consistent with extrapolated isoelectronic sequence

data.

In 1929 Lang remeasured the spectrum, and revised and extended the earlier term values,

retaining the same assumed absolute value of 4/ 2F°. He concludes from a study of the isoelectronic sequence that this value is as nearly accurate as can be hoped for at present. Lang’s

values have been used in the present compilation. Two probable misprints in his term list have been corrected, namely, the terms 4s2 2D and 4/ 2F° are here entered as inverted.

The observed g-values have been derived by the writer from the observed Zeeman patterns

given in the 1941 reference below.

There are 34 classified lines between 440 A and 3676 A.

REFERENCES

J. A. Carroll, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 225, 374 (1925). (I P) (T) (C L) R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 34, 696 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. C. van den Bosch and P. F. A, Klinkenberg, Proc. Ned. Akad. v. Wet. Amsterdam 44, No. 5, 560 (.1941). (Z E)

Ge IV Ge iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

3d10 (

1 S)4s 4s 2 S 0/2 0 3d10 0S) bd bd 2D 1/2 266637 80 0. 80

2/ 266717 1. 19 3d10

(

1 S)4p 4p

2 P° 0/, 81315 2788 3d10 (

x S) 6s 6s 1/2 84103 2S 0A 270058

3d10

(

1 S)4d 4d 2 D 1/2 190607 254 0. 82 3d10

(

, S) 6p 6p2 P° 0/ 283621

142

2/2 190861 1. 26 1/2 283763

3di0 (»S)5s 5s 2 S 0/ 199269 2. 04 3dxo

(

x S)5ff 5g

2 G r 3x \4/2 }

298379

3d10

(

1 S)5p bp 2 P° 0/

VA

3/

226459

227397 938 0. 68

1. 34

3d10

(

1 S)4/ 4f

2 F° 257496 K Ge v (

X S0) Limit 368701

2/ 257501

3d9 4s* 4s2 2 D 2/

I /2 259942264445 -4503

February 1950.
Ge Y

141

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=32

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 'So

3d10 'So 753800 cm"1 I. P. 93.4 volts

Mack, Laporte, and Lang have found 8 terms and classified 33 lines between 942 A

and 1222 A by using the observations by Carroll. From three lines at 294 A, 295 A, and 304 A,

the ground term was found by Kruger and Sboupp; who also determined the limit from an empirical formula based on extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data. Their value of

the limit, rounded off, is entered in brackets in the table. The observations in the far ultraviolet indicate a correction of +234231 cm-1 to the terms by Mack, Laporte, and Lang, in

order to reduce them to the ground term zero. This correction has been made in compiling

the table below.

The singlet and triplet terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

J. A. Carroll, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 225, 357 (1925).

J. E. Mack, 0. Laporte, and R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 31, 748 (1928). (T) (C L)

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

Ge V Ge v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d10 3d10 iS 0 0 3d9 (

2 D)4p 4p 3 D° 3 335187 -362

-4005

3d»(J D)4s 4s 3 D 3 234231 -1740

-2796

2

1 835549339554

2

1 235971238767 3d*(2 D)4p 4p !F° 3 887192

3d*(J D)4s 4s iD 2 241947 3d9

(2 D)4p 4p J P° 1 888255

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p 3 P° 2 828772 -4083

-2487

3d9 (

2 D)4p 4p 1 D° 2 840811

10 827855

880342

3d*( 829879 J D)4p 4p *F° 4 2113

-3039

Ge vi (

2 Dj^) Limit [753800]

32 827766

830805

November 1949.

Ge v Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d10 3d10 3 S

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

Sd^D)^ /

4s 3 D

\ 4s »D

4p

3 P° 4p 3 D°

4p 1 P° 4p J D° 4^ 5*5 oo

* For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ni i isoelectronic sequence,

see Vol. ii, Introduction.
142

ARSENIC

As I

33 electrons Z=33

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s2 4p3 4S°h

4p3 79165 cm-1 I. P. 9.81 volts

Meggers has extended and revised the earlier work by himself and others. His observations extend from 1407 A to 11679 A, those of wavelength shorter than 2000 A being from arc spectrograms made by Shenstone.

The present analysis has been submitted in manusciipt especially for inclusion here.

There are 246 classified lines, and the doublet and quartet terms are connected by observed

intersystem combinations. More than 74 percent of the total number and 97 percent of the

total intensity of observed lines have been explained as combinations of 30 odd energy levels

arising from 4s2 4p3 and 4s2 4p

2 np electrons, and 58 even levels from 4s 4

p

4

, 4s2 4p

2 ns, and

4s2 4p

2 nd.

The limit is derived from the ns 4P series (n=5

,

6), and is based on a Ritz formula with the

assumption that a=2.5X10-6

, as suggested by Shenstone.

REFERENCES

K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 125, 238 (1929). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and T. L. deBruin, Bur. Std. J. Research 3, 765, RP 116 (1929). (T) (C L)

A. S. Rao, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 44, 594 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and W. M. Barrows Jr., Phys. Rev. 47, 132 (1935). (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) W. F. Meggers, A. G. Shenstone, and C. E. Moore, Bur. Std. J. Research 45, 346, RP2144 (1950). (I P) (T)

(CL)

As I As I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4s2 4p3

4s2 4p

3

4p3 *S° 4p3 2 D°

ih

1/2 2/

0. 0

10592. 5

10914- 6

322. 1

0. 813

1. 208

4s2 4p2 (

3 P)5p 5p *D° 0]4

1/

2y2 3%

60791. 5

60860. 0

61685. 0

62871. 2

68. 5

825. 0

1186. 2

4s2 4p3 4p3 2 P° oh

i/

18186. 1 18647. 5

461. 4

0. 687

1. 313

4s2 4p2

(

1 D)5s 5s' 2 D 2/

1 /

60815. 0

60834. 8 -19. 8

0. 84

4s2 4p2

(

3 P) 5s 5s *P o/2 1 /

2/

50693. 8

51610. 2

52897. 9

916. 4

1287. 7

2. 617

1. 706

4s2 4p2 (

3 P) 5p 5p4 P° OH

1/

2H

62026. 8 62398. 0

68282. 8

371. 7

884. 8

4s2 4p2 (

3 P)5s 5s 2 P oh

I /2 53135. 6 54605. 3

1469. 7

0. 736

1. 327

4s2 4p2

(3 P) 5p 5p 2 D° iH

2/

62554- 4

64169. 2

1614. 8

4s 4p

i 4p* <P 2/

1X

0/

55366. 4

56863. 6 57488. 1 -1497. 2 -624. 5

4s2 4p2

(

3 P) 4d 4d 4 P 2H

1/

OH

62751. 1 63503. 6

63981. 7

-752. 5 -478. 1

»
143

As I—Continued As I—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s* 4p2

(

3 P)5p 5p

4 S° 1 H 68647. 0 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6p 6p 2 S° ox 71199. 1 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5p 5p 2S° 0%ox

64059. 0 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6p 6p 2 D° IX

2X

71621. 4

72944- 4

1323. 0

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4d 4d 2 P 64122. 0

2363. 2 1H 66485. 2 4s2 4p2

(

1 D)5p 5p' 2 P° OH

IX

71796. 2

71931. 7

135. 5

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5p 5p 2 P° OH 64828. 8

363. 8 IX 64687. 6 4s2 4p2

(

1 D)4d 4<r 2 p OX

IX

71924. 4

72125. 0

200. 6

4s2 4p2 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 D IX 64342. 4

2383. 0

2H 66725. 4 4s2 4p2

(

1 S) 5s 5s" 2 S OH 72399. 4

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4d 4d 2 F 2H 64639. 5

2145. 7 4 IX 72519. 4

3x 66785. 2

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6p 6p 4 S° IX 72620. 3

4s 4

p

4 4p4 2p IX 64811. 5 -685.9 OH 65497. 4 5 IX 72779. 0

4s 4

p

4 4p4 2 S oh 66588. 3 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6p 6p 2 P° OH

IX

72800. 6 73244 8

444. 2

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6s 6s 4 P OH 67008. 7

911. 5

1394. 6 IX

2X

67920. 2 69314. 8

6 ix, 2X 73566. 0

7 ix 73635. 0

4s 4p4 4p4 2D IX 68300. 6

102. 1 2H 68402. 7 8 IX, 2H 74049. 7

4s2 4p2 (*P)6s 6s 2 P OH

IX

68314. 5 69696. 2

1381. 7

9 0H, IX 74143. 8

4s2 4p2 (

1 S)4d 4d" 2 D 2X 74453. 1 -357. 4

1 OH, IX 69644. 8 IX 74810. 5 2 IX, 2H 69698. 3 10 0X, IX 75086. 0

4s* 4p2

(

3 P) 6p 6p 4 P° ox 69881. 5 Qfift 9

11 ix, 2H 75176. 4

i H 70849. 7

1652. 2

2H 72501. 9 12 IX, 2x 75578. 7

4s2 4z>2 (

1 D)5p 5p' 2D° i H 70108. 4 268. 2

13 OX, IX 75799. 4

2x 70376. 6

14 IX 76076. 2

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6p 6p 4D° oy2 70274- 9

241. 7

614. 4

1210. 6 IX 70516. 6 15 IX, 2H 76835. 6 2H

3H

71131. 0

72341- 6 16 ix, 2X 77121. 7

4s2 4p2

(

1 D)5p 5p^F° 2 H

3H

IX

70821. 4

70927. 5

106. 1 17 IX, 2

77272. 5

3 71055. 2 As ii (

3 P0) Limit 79165

May 1950. As i Observed Terms*

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p« 3d10 + Observed Terms

4s2 4p* |4p

3 4 S°

4p3 2 po 4p3 2 Do

4s 4p4 “Up4 2 S 4p4 4 P

4p4 2 P 4p4 2 D

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (n> 4)

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)nx

{

5, 6s 4 P

5, 6s 2 P

5, 6p 4 S° 5, 6p 4 P° 5, 6p 4 D°

5, 6p 2 S° 5, 6p 2 P° 5, 6p 2 D°

4d

4 P

4d

2 P 4d2 D 4d a F

4s2 4p2

(

1 D)nx' 5s' 2 D 5p' 2 P° 5

p' 2D° 5p' 2F° 4d' 2 P

4s2 4p2 (

1 S)nx" 5s" 2S 4d" 2 D

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the As i isolectronic sequence, see Introduction.
144

As II

(Ge i sequence; 32 electrons) Z=33

Ground state Is2 2s3 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p

2 8P0

4p2 3P0 163000 cm-1

I. P. 20.2 volts

A. S. Rao has published 187 classified lines in the interval 802 A to 6528 A, 22 terms, and

14 miscellaneous levels. C. W. Gartlein has also studied this spectrum and confirmed 15 of

these terms and four of the miscellaneous levels, with the conclusion that the spectrum needs

careful observation over the entire range for three reasons: existing wavelengths need to be

improved in precision, the lines due only to As n need to be carefully selected, and the series

should be extended.

The writer has adopted Gartlein’s term values when available, supplemented by those of

Rao, adding 5d

3F2 and 5d3D2 from the paper by Green and Barrows on Zeeman Effect.

Decimals are omitted throughout, since the discordances between the two term lists exceed

1 cm-1 in many cases. All ^-values are from the 1935 paper, that for 4° having been derived

by the writer. All others are either the ^-values adopted by these authors, or means taken

by the writer from the individual ^-values they derive.

Miscellaneous levels have here been assigned numbers as follows: those labeled by Rao

“

a

to g” are here called 1° to 7° respectively; and, similarly those called “A to G” are here designated 1 to 7, respectively. The combinations do not indicate which of the two J-values entered

in the table is correct for the levels 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6. Rao has determined the limit 162788 cm-1 by applying a Rydberg formula to the lines

designated as 5s T*!— 4p2 *D2 and 5s l Pl~5p Similarly, the writer obtains the value

163040 cm-1 from the ns

3P£ series (n= 5,6). The round figure 163000 is adopted in the

table pending further observations.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

A. S. Rao, Ind. J. Phys. 7, 561 (1932). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and W. M. Barrows, Jr., Phys. Rev. 47, 133 (1935). (C L) (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) C. W. Gartlein, unpublished material, December 1950. (T)

As n As 11

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4s* 4

p* 4p2 3p 0

12

0

1061

2540

1061

1479

4s*4p(*P°)5s

4s 4p*

5s *P°

4p3 ip°

1

1

82818

88099

1. 075

48* 4p* 4p* *D 2 10093

4s 4p* 4p3 3po 0 84449 189

467 4s* 4p* 4p* iS 0 22593 1 84638

2 85105

4s 4

p* 4p3 3D° 1 78748 112 382

0. 508

2

3 73860

74%4%

1. 176

1. 335 4s* 4p(*P°)4d 4d 3 F° 2

3 8882789545 718 0. 58

1. 07

4s* 4p(*P°)5s 5s *P° 0 78729 399

2378

0/0 4

1 79128 1. 424

2 81506 1. 492 4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p *P 1 95327 0. 812
145

As II—Continued As II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 3 D 1 96912 202

2081

0. 895 4° 1 120769 1. 60

2 97114 1. 174

3 99195 1. 325 5° 1 121355 0. 726

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p sp 0 98235 944

1081

0/0 1 2,3 121519

1 99179 1. 389

2 100260 1. 433 4s* 4p(2 P°)4/ 4f

3 F 2 121623 -55

1064

0. 88

3 121568 1. 06

4s2 4p(2P°)4d 4d 3 D° 1 99068 482

845

0. 895 4 122632

2 99545 1. 27

3 100390 2 2,3 121625

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 2S 1 101088 1. 896 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d 3 D° 12 128190 1. 110

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d jpo 1 101486 3

4s2 4p(2P°)5p 5p iD 2 102388 1. 046 4s2 4p(2 P°) 6s 6s 3 P° 0

i 4s2 4p(2P°)4d 4d >D° 2 102486 0. 94 2 123228 1. 14

1° 1 102602 6° 1 128784 1. 135

4s2 4p(2P°)5p 5p iS 0 105786 0/0 3 1,2 124065

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d ipo 3 109872 4 3 124137 0. 93

4s2 4p(a P°)4d 4d jpo 2 111846 A7ti 5 2,3 124206

1 112821 80 0 112241 7° 1 124547

2° 1 117741 1. 11 6 2,3 124867

3° 1 1188841 7 2 125243

4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d 3pO 2 118887 0. 698

34 As hi (

2P0°«) Limit 163000

January 1951.

As n Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p« 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p* / 4p2 *P \4p2 iS 4p2 *D

4s 4p* 0

0 4p3 3D®

ns (n>5) np (n> 5) nd (n>4) nf (n> 4)

4s2 4p(2 P°)5s / 5, 6s 3 P°

l 5s iP° 5p J S 5p »S 5

p

3 P 5p *D

5p *P 5

p

3 D

4d 3 P°

4d »P°

4, 5d 3 D° 4, 5d 3 F°

4d iD° 4d »F° 4/ 3 F

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Qe i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.
146

Asm

(Ga i sequence; 31 electrons) Z=33

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p 2PqH

4p

2Pqy2 228400 cm-1

I. P. 28.3 volts

This spectrum needs further study. In 1928 Lang published 10 terms, and 35 classified lines

in the interval between 603 A and 4226 A. He estimated the limit from iso electronic sequence

data to be 226500 ±1500 cm-1

. K. R. Rao, in 1931, extended and revised Lang’s analysis slightly, and from an assumed

absolute value of 5g

2 G=39500 cm-1 derived the limit 228406 cm-1

. The latter value in round

numbers is entered in brackets in the table. The terms in the table are also from this paper.

Six additional series members and five multiplets involving suggested quartet combinations

are given in the 1929 reference below. They are omitted here awaiting confirmation.

REFERENCES

P. Pattabhiramiah and A. S. Rao, Indian J. Phys. 3, 437 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L) R. J. Lang, Phys. Rev. 32, 737 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L)

A. S. Rao and A. L. Narayan, Zeit. Phys. 57, 865 (1929). (C L) K. R. Rao, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 43, 68 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. B. Green and W. M. Barrows, Jr., Phys. Rev. 47, 135 (1935). (Z E)

As III As III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. 0

4s2 0S)4p 4p

2 P° OH 0 2940 4s2

(

1 S)5p 5p2 P° OH 131458 723 1. 333

1H 2940 1/2 132181 0. 658

4s 4p

2 4p2 2 D 1/2 2H

85309

85630 321 4s2 OS) 6s 6s

2 S OH 162889

4s2 OS) 4/ 4/ 2 F° 3H 164105 -9 4s2 OS) 5s 5s 2 S OH 106694 1. 996 2H 164114

4s 4P2 4p2 2 S 0H 107806 4s2 OS) 5d 5d 2 D 1H

2H

165623

165708 85

4s 4p

2 4

p

2 2 P 0H 113938 1487

1 / 115425 4s2 OS) 50 50 2 G 3H, 4H 188906

4s2 OS) 4d 4<2 2 D i /

2H

117651 91 117742

As iv 0S0) Limit ------- [228400]

April 1950.
As IV

147

(Zn i sequence; 30 electrons) Z=33

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s

2 3p6 3d10 4s2

4s2 % 404369 cm-1I. P. 50.1 volts

Three triplet terms 4p 3 P°, 4d 3 D, and 5s 3S, and also the combinations 4p 3P°—4p

23P

and 4s2 1S0 —4p *Pi, were found by Sawyer and Humphreys, who classified 16 lines between

692 A and 980 A. Later Rao extended the analysis from observations in the interval 530 A

to 4533 A, and added about 70 newly classified lines including intersystem combinations

connecting the singlet and triplet systems of terms. He determined the limit from the two

series 5p

3 P°—nd 3D (n=4, 5) and 5p 3 P°—ns 3S (n=5, 6) by using a Rydberg formula.

Three miscellaneous levels called, respectively, a, /3, y by Rao have been omitted here.

REFERENCES

R. A. Sawyer and C. J. Humphreys, Phys. Rev. 32, 583 (1928). (T) (C L)

K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) [A] 134, 604 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)

As IV As IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s3 4s2 iS 0 0 4s(2 S)5p 5p *P° 0 251212. 0

254. 9

818. 1

1 251466. 9

4s(2 S)4p 4p *P° 0 75812 1 1 e;n 2 252285. 0

12 76962

79492 2530

4s(2 S)5p 5p »P° 1 254039. 9

4s(2 S)4p 4p »P° 1 112022 4s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3 F° 2 284456 274

413 3 284730

4s(2 S)4d 4d »D 2 179563 4 285143

4p2 4p2 3p 0 179934 1 4s(2 S)4

/

4/ *F° 3 285730

12 181468

184394 2926

4s(2S)5d 5d »D 2 293834. 4

4p

2 4p2 iD 2 204658 4s (

2 S) 5d 5d

3 D 1 295580. 8

58. 2

91. 2

2 295639. 0

4s(2 S)4<2 4d 3 D 1 210597. 0

132. 8

202. 8

3 295730. 2

2 210729. 8

3 210932. 6 4s(2S)6s 6s 3 S 1 298875. 1 4P2 4P2 J S 0 211683 4s(2 S)6s 6s *S 0 300698. 9

4s(a S)5s

4s(2 S)5s

5s 3 S 1 220127. 6

5s iS 0 229420. 5 As v (

2 Sox) Limit 404369

March 1950.
As iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4s2 »S

J 4p2SP

t 4P2 X S 4P2 X D

ns (n> 5) np (n> 4) nd (n> 4) nf (n> 4)

4s(2S)nx /5,6s 3 S

\5,6s X S 4^"cn

Cn o

o 4,5d 3 D

4,5d X D

O

O

i For predicted terms in the spectra of the Zn i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

As Y

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z—33

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p° 3s

2 3

p

6 3d10 4s 2S0h

4s 2S0* 505136 cm-1

I. P. 62.6 volts

This spectrum is incompletely analyzed. By extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence

Sawyer and Humphreys have classified 9 lines between 600 A and 1(356 A and determined the

limit quoted here.

REFERENCE

R. A. Sawyer and C. J. Humphreys, Phys. Rev. 32, 583 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L).

As V

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s 4s 2 S OK 0

4p 4p 2 P° OK 97135 4110

IK 101345

4d 4d 2 D IK 236897 445 2K 237342

5s 5s 2 S OK 263596

4

/

4/

2F° / 3K

l 2K }

331987

As vi (

x So) Limit 505136

February 1950.
As VI

149

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=33

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p° 3s2 3p6 3d10 'So

3d10 'S0 1028800 cm"1 I. P. 127.5 volts

Mack and Borg have found 8 terms and classified about 30 lines between 803 A and

1050 A. Kruger and Sboupp subsequently observed 4 lines in the interval 219 A to 232 A,

and classified 3 as combinations from the ground term. These later observations indicate a

correction of +331180 cm-1 to Mack’s values, to reduce them to the ground term zero. In

compiling the terms in the table this correction has been made, and the last figure has been

rounded off throughout.

Kruger and Shoupp have determined the limit from an empirical formula based on ex- trapolation of isoelectronic sequence data. Their limit is entered in brackets in the table.

The singlet and triplet terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

REFERENCES

J. E. Mack and D. Borg, Phys. Rev. 37, 470 (A) (1931) and unpublished material (see 1934 ref. below). (T)

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, letter (Dec. 1949).

As VI As VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d*° 3d9

(

2D)4s

3d10 »S 4s *D

0

3

2

1

0

331180

333230

336870

-2050

-3640

3d9

(

2 D)4p

3d9

(2D)4p

4p *D°

4p 1 F°

3

2

13

449470

449460

454570

451800

10 -5110

3d*(2 D)4s 4s iD 2 340230 3d9

(2D)4p 4p iP° 1 452400

3d9

(

2D)4p 4p »P° 2

1 485480

440890

-5460

-3170

3d9 (

2 D)4p 4p 2 455560

0 444060

3d*(2D)4p 4p »F° 4

3 448070

489910

448800

3160

-3890 As vii (

2 D2h) Limit , 11028800] 2

December 1949.

As vi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p«+ Observed Terms

3d10 3d10 iS

ns (n> 4) np (n> 4)

3d9

(

2 D)rur /

4s 2 D

\ 4s J D

4p »P° 4p 1 P°

4p *D°

4p 'D°

o

o A [??? A

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ni i isoelectronic sequence,

see Vol. ii, Introduction.
150

SELENIUM

Sel

34 electrons Z=34

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p* 3d

10 4s2 4pK 3P2

4p4 3P2 78658.22 cm 1 I. P. 9.75 volts

The analysis is by Ruedy and Gibbs. They photographed the spectrum, as excited by

means of a positive column discharge in helium, from 300 A to 11000 A. Out of a total of 510

observed lines they have classified 391. Their limit is well determined from two long series: bp 6P—ns

5S°(n—5 to 11), and 5p 6P3 —nd 6D4 (n=4 to 11). Observed intersystem combinations connect the terms of all three multiplicities.

An analysis of the Se i spectrum has also been published independently by Meissner,

Bartelt, and Eckstein, who observed it from 3588 A to 9665 by A, using a condensed discharge

through selenium vapor as the source. The two published line lists are surprisingly discordant with regard to the wavelengths of a number of lines common to both, and also with regard to the number of lines recorded independently from the two sets of observations, i. e., not common to both lists. This raises two

questions: (1) the proper source of excitation to be used in observing the spectrum, and (2)

the accuracy of the measured wavelengths. Further observations are needed to clarify this

puzzling situation.

REFERENCES

K. W. Meissner, O. Bartelt und L. Eckstein, Zeit. Phys. 91, 427 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Ruedy and R. C. Gibbs, Phys. Rev. 46, 880 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Ruedy and R. C. Gibbs, Zeit. Phys. 94, 808 (1935). K. W. Meissner, Zeit. Phys. 94, 810 (1935).

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)

Se I Se I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p

4 4p4 3 P 2

10

0. 00

1989. 49

2534. 35 - 1989. 49

-544. 86

4p3 (

4 S°)4<2 4d 6 D° 4

3

2

63370. 07

63387. 46

63373. 19 -17. 39

14. 27

-9. 55

1. 90 1 63382. 74

4p

4 4p4 X D 2 9576. 08 0 63380. 84

4p

4 4p4 X S 0 22446. 03 4p3 (2 D°)5s 5s' >D° 2 63479. 31

4p*(4 S°)5s 5s ®S° 2 48182. 19 4p3 (

4 S°)4d 4d 3 D° 1 65299. 44 —21. 48

61. 76 2 65277. 96

4p3

(4 S°)5s 5s 3 S° 1 50996. 93 3 65339. 72

4p3

(

4 S°)5p 5p ®P 1 59242. 88

45. 03

103. 47

4p3

(

4 S°)6s 6s ®S° 2 65989. 12

2

3

59287. 91

59391. 38 4p3

(

4 S°)6s 6s 3 S° 1 66623. 12

4p3 (

4 S°)5p 5p3 P 2 60677. 46

55. 09

-73. 70

4p3 (

4S°)6p 6p ®P 1 69263. 45

14. 33

36. 80 1 60622. 37 2 69277. 78

0 60696. 07 3 69314. 58

4p3

(

aD°)5s 5s' 3 D° 1 61681. 31

147. 21

419. 10 4p3

(

4 S°)6p 6p 3 P 2 69614. 07

14. 58

-29. 98 23

61828. 52

62247. 62

10

69599. 49

69629. 47
151

Se I—Continued Se I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p3 (

4 S°)5d 5d 6 D° 0 4p3 (

2 D°)4d W 2° 1 75258. 41

1 70388. 56

0. 50

2. 66 -0. 68

2 70389. 06 4p3 (

2 D°)5p 5p' !D 2 75309. 88

3 70391. 72

4 70391. 04 4p3 (

4 S°)7d 7d

3 D° 3 75312. 00 -0. 84

-52. 08

2 75312. 84

4p3

(2 P°) 5s 5s" 3 P° 0 70995. 0

204 6

1 75364. 92

12 71199. 6

71659. 02 459. 4 4p3 (

4 S°)9s 9s ®S° 2 75574. 14 4p3

(

4 S°)5d 5d 3 D° 1 71106. 25 10 01 4p3 (

4 S°)7/ 7/ ®F 1 to 5 75587. 25

2 71096. 24 58. 72

3 71154 96 4p3

(4 S°)7/ 7/

3 F 2 to 4 75588. 92

4p3 (

4 S°) 7s 7s ®S° 2 71638. 28 4p3

(

4 S°)9s 9s 3 S° 1 75638. 12

4p3

(

2 D°)5p 5p' 3 D 1 71856. 09 571 22 4p3 (

2 D°)4d 4d' 3° 2 75973. 6

2372427. 31 73030. 93 603. 62

4p3

(

4 S°)9p 9p 5 P 1 76013. 93

2. 71

4. 88

2 76016. 64

4p3

(

4 S°)7s 7s 3 S° 1 71890. S3 3 76021. 52

4p3 (

2 P°)5s 5s" iP° 1 72568. 56 4p3 (

4 S°)9p 9p 3 P 0

1 76104. 53

8. 83 4p3

(

3 Dp)5p 5p' 3 F 2 72618. 29

1 67 2 76113. 36

34

72716. 62

73254. 10 537. 48

4p3

(

4 S°)8d 8d 3 D° 3 76128. 78 -19. 91

32. 41

2 76248. 69

4p3

(

3 D°)5p 5

p' iP 1 72866. 21 1 76216. 28

4p3 (

4 S°)7p 7p

3 P 0 73042 05 n qq 4p3

(

4 S°)8d 8d ®D° 4 76159. 61 -1. 98

1. 14 -0. 50

1 73043. 04

9. 51

3 76161. 59

2 73052. 55 2

1 76160. 45

76160. 95

4p3

(4 S°)7p 7p ®P 1 73083. 23

11. 19

6. 78

0

2 73094. 42

3 73101. 20 4p3 (

4 S°)10s 10s ®S° 2 76397. 26

4p3

(

2 D°)5p 5p' iF 3 73264. 03 4p3 (

2 D°)4d 4d' 4° 3 76400. 41 4p3 (

4 S°)6d 6d 5D° 0 4p3 (

4 S°)8/ 8/ 5F 1 to 5 76403. 68

1 73543. 68 -2. 26

2 73541. 42 6. 14 4p3 (

4 S°)8/ 8/

3 F 2 to 4 76404. 89

3 73547. 56 0. 1 4 73547. 7 4p3 (

4 S°)10s 10s 3 S° 1 76435. 27

4p3 (

4 S°)6d 6d 3 D° 1 73863. 88 -43. 89

40. 69

4p3 (

4 S°)9d 9d 5 D° 0

2 73819. 99 1 76766. 58

3. 83

1. 33

-4. 35

3 73860. 68 2 76770. 41 4p3

(

2D°)5p 5p' 3 P 0 74034. 06

49. 51

8. 53

34

76771. 74

76767. 39

1 74083. 57

2 74092. 10 4p3 (

4 S°)9d 9d 3 D° 1 76777. 65

4. 20

1. 49

2 76781. 85

4p3 (

2 D°)4d 4d' 1° 2 74161. 70 3 76783. 34

4p3 (

4 S°)8s 8s ®S° 2 74210. 06 4p3

(

4 S°)lls 11s *S° 2 76929. 68

4p3

(4S°)6/ 6/ 6F 1 to 5 74232. 47 4p3 (

4 S°)9/ 9/ 5F 1 to 5 76933. 25

4p3 (

4S°)6/ 6/ 3 F 2 to 4 74234. 58 4p3 (

4 S°) 10d lOd ®D° 0

1 771 84. 09 -0. 30

-0. 31

3. 31 4p3 (

4 S°)8s 8s 3 S° 1 74318. 20 2 77183. 79

3 77183. 48

4p3

(

4S°)8p 8p ®P 1 74948. 23

3. 69

8. 38

4 77186. 79

2 74951. 92

3 74960. 30 4p3 (

4 S°)10/ 10/ ®F 1 to 5 77295. 98

4p»(4S°)8p 8p

3P 0 75137. 89

4. 43

4. 39

4p3 (

4 S°)lld lid ®D° 0

1 1 75142. 32 2. 2 9

|

77471.5

2 75146. 71 3 77473. 70

0. 48 4 77474. 18 4p3 (

4 S°)7d 7d ®D° 0

1 75154. 12

42. 91 -1. 26

-0. 1

4p3

(

4 S°)ll/ 11/ ®F 1 to 5 77555. 41

2 75197. 03

3 75195. 77

4 75195. 7 Se 11 (

4 S?h) Limit 78658. 22

October 1950.
152

Sei Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s3 2p® 3s* 3p® 3d10 4s* +

Observed Terms

4p

4 { 4

p

4 iS 4

p

4 *P

4

p

4 ! D

ns (n> 5) np (**>5) nd (n>4) nf (w>4)

4p»(4S°)nz

/5-lls®S°

\5-10s 8S°

5-9p ®P 5-9p *P 4-lld ®D°

4- 9d *D°

6-11/ ®F 6- 8/*F

4p*(*D°)nx' {

5s' *D°

5s' »D°

5p' »P 5p' »D

5p' iP 5

p' ‘D

5

p' *F

5p' *F

4p»(*P°)ru;" {

5s" *P° 5s" »P° For predicted terms in the spectra of the Se i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Se n

(As i sequence; 33 electrons) Z=34

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s

2 4p

3 4S?H

4p* *Si* 173557 cm"1 I. P. 21.5 volts

Three different term lists having a number of levels in common, have been published for

Se ii. Martin gives 192 classified lines in the range between 694 A and 9816 A, and discusses

the other investigations in detail, noting which levels were found by Krishnamurty and Rao.

His analysis is quoted in the table. The observed ^-values are from van den Bosch, who suggests the following additions and corrections:

Level Martin K and R* v d B* Obs. g

98182. 1 4d

4 F4H 4d *FtH 1. 27

127984. 3 215h 5

p' *F3h 1. 24

131165. 4 23!n(5p' *F5j<) d 5p' *P!h 1. 26

132189. 6 5

p' *PU 5p" *P|H 1. 16

138365. 7 5d

4 F1H? 5d *DlH 5d4 D1H? 1. 44

140946. 0 31m 5d 5d

4 D2H 1. 25

142128. 7 5d *D3H 5d *D3H 1. 33

142302. 2 33m 332m 0.87

Letters refer to authors listed under references. The corrected J-value of the level 131165 has been adopted. The other changes are noted

separately because some lines acquire two designations if any two sets of terms are combined.

Further study will doubtless clarify some of the present differences in this respect. An evident

misprint in level “27” has also been corrected.

The limit is also from Martin. He has determined it from the 5,6s 4P and 5,6s

2P series,

by using a Rydberg formula.

The doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.
153

Se II—Continued

REFERENCES

O. Bartelt, Naturwisg. 22, 291 (1934); Zeit. Phys. 91, 444 (1934). (T) (C L)

S. G. Krishnamurty and K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 149, 56 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

D. C. Martin, Phys. Rev. 48, 938 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. C. van den Bosch, Physica 14, No. 4, 249 (1948). (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) Se II Se II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4s2 4p* 4p3 4 S° IK 0. 0 4s2 4p3(3 P)5p 5p

2 P° OK 121273. 2

108. 7

0. 64

iK 121381. 9 1. 27

4s2 4p* 4p3 2 D° IK IS168. 2

616. 2 2K 1378A- 4 15 2K 121730

4s2 4p* 4p* *P° OK 2S038. 3

856. 5 16 2K 122720

IK 23894. 8

17 IK 123323

4s 4

p

4 4p4 4 P 2K 83876. 7 —1702. 8 -858. 2

1. 57

IK

OK

85579. 5

86437. 7

1. 67

2. 60

18° 2K 126329. 7

19 IK 126464. 7

4s* 4p2

(

3 P)5s 5s 4 P OK 95270. 0

1483. 3

1921. 1

2. 51 IK 96753. 3 1. 68 4s2 4p2

(

1 D)5p 5

p' *D° 2K 127415. 7 0. 97 -505. 7 2K 98674. 4 1. 56 IK 127921. 4

0. 8

1 OK 96517. 4 20 OK 127867. 5 2 2K 96655. 3 1. 30 21° 2K 127984. 3 1. 24

3 OK 98118. 2 22 iK 129010. 4

4s* 4p2 (*P)5s 5s 2 P OK 98896. 1 2459. 9

0. 77 23° iK 131165. 4 1. 26

iK

IK

101356. 0 1. 37

4s2 4p2

(

1 D)5p 5p' 2 P° OK

4 99368. 5 0. 82 IK 132189. 6 1. 16

48 4

p

4 4p42 P IK

OK

100295. 1 1. 14 24 2K 133867. 1

4s2 4p3

(

3 P)6s 6s 4 P OK 134042. 9

1592. 7

2033. 5

2. 35

5 2K 101631. 5 1. 12 IK

2K

135635. 6 137669. 1

1. 67

1. 60

6 iK 104694. 4 25 IK 136188. 2 1. 29

7 IK 104873. 7

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5d 5d 4F IK 138365. 7?

557. 4

1088. 7

1698. 3

1. 44

8 OK 105258. 0 2K 138923. 1 1. 14

9 OK 105973. 8 3K

4K

140011. 8 141710. 1

1. 27

1. 27

4s2 4p2

(

1 D)5s 5s' 2 D 2K 108355. 7 -94. 1

1. 15 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)6s 6s 2 P OK 138525. 7

2414. 2

0. 90

IK 108449. 8 0. 81 IK 140939. 9 10 2K 108833. 9 26 2K 138535. 9

11 2K 110297. 4 27 IK 138701. 0

12 IK 112403. 4 28 IK 140131. 3 1. 85

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5p 5p

4 P° OK 113048. 7

3727. 9

1621. 4

1. 64 29 IK 140745. 8 IK 116776. 6 1. 45

2K 118398. 0 1. 40 30 2K 140930. 1

4s2 4pK3 P)5p 5p 4 D° OK 114399. 0

412. 7

ISPifi A.

0. 62 31 2K 140946. 0 1. 25

iK 114711. 7 1. 28

2K 116068. 1 1730. 6

1. 39 32 2K 142171. 0 3K 117798. 7 1. 38

33 IK 142302. 2

4s2 4p2 (

3 P)5p 5p 2 S° OK 117406. 0 2. 49

34 iK 142374 1 4s2 4p2 (

3 P)5p 5p 2D° IK 117739. 6 2647. 5

1 . 10 2K 120387. 1 1. 31 35 2K 143341. 7 1. 24

4s2 4p2

(3 P)5p 5p 4 S° IK 119308. 5 1. 78 36 2K 143919. 5 13 OK 119343

14° IK 121051. 5 Se hi (3 P0) Limit 173557

August 1950.
Se n Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p9 3s2 3p9 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p*

4s 4p4

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)nx

4s2 4p2

(

1 D)n#'

/4p* 4 S°

\ 4P3 2 P° 4p* 2 D°

/ 4p4 4P

\ 4p4 2 P

ns (n> 5) np (n>5) nd (n>4)

/

5,6s 4 P

\ 5,6s 2 P*

5s' 2 D

5p 4S° 5p 4 P° 5p 4 D°

5p 2 S

d 5p

2 P° 5p 2 D°

5

p' 2 P° 5p' 2 D°

5d

4F

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Asi isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Sell!

(Ge i sequence; 32 electrons) Z=34

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Sp6 3d10 4s2 4^>

2 3P0

4p2 3P0 258000 cm-1

I. P. 32.0 volts

The analysis is incomplete. The authors have observed the spectrum from 517 A to 6613 A and classified 218 lines. They give the limit 274924 cm-1

, derived from the combinations 4^?

2 3P—5s 3P°; 5s 3P°—

5

p

3P; and 4p2 XD—5s 1 P°; 5s 1P°—5^ *D. The writer has recalculated the limit from the series 5,6s 1,3P°; 4,5d ^F0

; 4,5d XD2 ; 4,5d

3Ds; 4,5d 3P2,i by using a Rydberg formula and assuming that 5,6s 3P2 ; 5,6s xPj; 4,5<i 3F4;3)2 have as a limit the component 4p

2P^ in Se iv. This component is 4376 cm-1 above the ground state of the ion,

4p

2Poh= 0. Consequently, this correction has been taken into account in determining the

final value of the limit quoted in the table.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCES

J. S. Badami and K. R. Rao, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 140, 387 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

K. R. Rao and S. G. K. Murti, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 145, 681 (1934). (T) (C L)
155

Se m Se in

Config. Desig. J LeVel Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s* 4

p* 4p* 3p 0

12

0

1741 3937

1741 2196

4s* 4p(2 P°)5p

4s* 4p(*P°)5p

5p 3 P

5p 3 D

1

1

150761. 1 153211. 4

309. 5 3172. 0

4s* 4p* 4p* id 2 13032

2

3

153520. 9

156692. 9

4s 4p* 4p3 3D° 12

3

91091

92723

96548

1632

3825

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 3 P 0

12

154783. 0

156360. 4

157874. 2

1577. 4

1513. 8

4s 4p* 4p

3 3po 0 106482 109

-76

4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p 3 S 1 159302. 9

1 106591

2 106515 4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5 p

J D 2 161170. 2

4s 4p* 4p3 ipo 2 112565 4s2 4p(2 P°)6s 6s 3 P° 0 IS7I0& 7

257. 8 4096. 5

1218. 7

1945. 7

4s* 4p(*P°)4d 4d 3 F° 2

34

124051. 9 125309. 8

127409. 5

1257. 9

2099. 7

4s2 4p(2 P°)55d 3 F°

12

2

IS74S& 5

191523. 0

188429. 2

4s2 4p(*P°)5s 5s 3 P° 0 126276. 9

504. 5 3609. 6

34

189647. 9 191593. 6

12 126781. 4 130391. 0 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d

3 D° 1 190841- 2 -821. 0

3894. 8

2 190020. 2

4s2 4p(*P°)5s 5s *P° 1 131655. 9 3 193915. 0

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d *P° 1 136946. 5 4s2 4p(2 P°)6s 6s 3 P° 1 192161. 8

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d *D° 2 139203. 7 4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d 1 D° 2 193304. 4

4s2 4p(*P°)4d 4d 3D° 1 140639. 7 -1230. 0

2604. 9

4s2 4p(2 P°)5d 5d

3 P° 0

2 139409. 7 1 194950. 5 -223. 5

3 142014. 6 2 194727. 0

4s* 4p(2 P°)4d 4d *P° 0 142315. 8

442. 4 -52. 1

4s* 4p(2 P°)5d 5d

1 F° 3 196845. 4

1 142758. 2

2 142706. 1

4s* 4p(*P°)4d 4d 148675 1F° 3 Se iv (

2 Pfo) Limit 258000

August 1950.

Se in Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p*

4s 4p*

r 4p2 sp

\ 4p* iD

r 4p3 spo 4p3 3 D° \

4p* *D°

ns (n> 5) np (n>5) nd (n >4)

4s2 4p(2 P°)rur /5,6s 3 P°

\5,6s *P°

5p *S 5p

3 P 5p

3 D

5p J P 5p 3 D

4,5d 3 P° 4,5d 3 D° 4,4d 3 F°

4d iP0 4,5d iD0 4,5d 1 F°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ge i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.
156

Se IV

(Ga i sequence; 31 electrons) Z=34

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p2Poh

4p

2Po* 346094 cm-1

I. P. 42.9 volts

The analysis is by Rao and Badami who have published 35 classified lines between 635 A

and 3059 A. Their limit “depends upon a choice of 70240 cm-1 for the term 5g

2G, which

is assumed to be very nearly hydrogenic.,, It is entered in brackets in the table.

REFERENCE

K. R. Rao and J. S. Badami, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 131, 159 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

SelY Se iv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2

(

1 S)4p 4p 2 P° OH 0

4376 4s2 OS) 4/ 4f

2 F° 3H 229684 -30

1H 4376 2H 229714

4s 4p* 4P2 2 D 1 H 104211 495 4s2 OS) 5d 5d 2 D 1H 237747

152 2H 104706 2H 237899

4s 4p* 4p2 2S 0H 128787 4s2 OS) 6s 6s 2 S OH 240745

4s 4p* 4P2 2 P OH 136134 2220 4s2 OS) 5$ 5g 2 G 3H, 4H 275854

IH2 138354

4s2 OS) 7s 7s 2 S OH 288146?

4s2 OS) 4d 4d 2 D 1H

2H

OH

153217

153606 389

4s2 OS) 5s 5s 2 S 157241 Se v 0S0) Limit [346094]

4s2 0S)5p 5v

2 P° OH 189913 1198 191111

May 1950.

SeV

(Zni sequence; 30 electrons) Z=34

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 ^

4

s

2 % 589781 cm"1 I. P. 73.1 volts

This spectrum is incompletely analyzed. Sawyer and Humphreys found the three triplet

terms 4p

3P°, 4d 3D, and 5s3S, and also the combinations 4s2

1

S—4p 1 P° and 4p

3 P°—

4

p

2 3P,

from 16 lines between 505 A and 839 A. They estimated the absolute term values by an

extrapolation of the Moseley diagram.

Subsequently Rao and Badami classified 6 more fines from observations extending to 1227 A. They added the singlet term 4d *D together with 5 intersystem combinations connecting the singlet and triplet systems of terms. Their limit is based on these observations

and the absolute values of Sawyer and Humphreys.

REFERENCES

R. A. Sawyer and C. J. Humphreys, Phys. Rev. 33, 583 (1928). (T) (C L) K. R. Rao and J. S. Badami, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 131, 166 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)
157

Se v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4s2 iS 0 0

4s(2 S)4p * 4p 2 P° 0

12

89756

91851

94961

1595

3610

4s (2 S) 4p 4p 1 P° 1 181733

4p

2 4

p

2 3 P 0 211789 2298

2528 12 214087

218615

4s(2 S)4d 4d ‘D 2 213194

4s (

2 S) 4<2 4d 3 D 1 257534 214

335 2 257748

3 258083

4s(2 S)5s 5s 3 S 1 287426

Se vi (

2 Sh) Limit 589781

March 1950.

Se Vi

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) Z= 34

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d

10 4s 2Sq^

4s 2So* 658994 cm-1

I. P. 81.7 volts

By extrapolation along the isoelectronic sequence Sawyer and Humphreys have classified seven fines between 452 A and 886 A, and determined the limit quoted here.

REFERENCE

R. A. Sawyer and C. J. Humphreys, Phys. Rev. 32, 583 (1928). (I P) (T) (C L)

Se VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s 4s 2 S o% 0 4p 4p 2 P° ox 112762 5700

1/2 118462

4d 4d 2 D 1/2 282830 679 2/ 283509

5s 5s 2 S 0/ 333594

Se vii (‘So) Limit [658994]

February 1950.
158

Se VII

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=34

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10

3d10 'So 1253300 cm" I. P. 155 volts

Kruger and Shoupp have observed four lines between 171 A and 180 A and classified

three of them as combinations of the ground term with terms from 3d!3 4p.

From preliminary measurements, Edl6n has confirmed these results, extended the analysis,

and derived provisional absolute term values from the Rydberg nf-series. All the values in

the table except those from 3d 9 4p are from his unpublished manuscript. His unit, 103 cm-1 has here been changed to cm-1

. Rao and Murti attribute some 40 lines in the interval 560 A to 860 A to Se vn and suggest tentative classifications of five of them. Further study of these assignments is needed.

REFERENCES

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) K. R. Rao and S. G. K. Murti, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 145, 696 (1934). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (I P) (T)

Se vn Se vn

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

3 3d10 iS 0 0 3d9

(

2 D)5/ 5/ iP° 1 1033500

3d9 (

2 D)4p 4p 3 P° 2 3d9

(

2 D)5/ 5/ 3 D° 3

1 565700 2 0 1 1040900

3d9

(2 D)4p 4p

1 P° 1 578300 3d9

(2 D)6/ 6f

ip° 1 1101000

3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p 3 D° 3 3d9

(2 D)6/ 6f

3 D° 3

2 2

1 581500 1 1108000

3d9 (

2 D) 5p 5p

1 P° 1 889200 3d9 (2 D)7/ 7/ iP° 1 1141700

3d9 (

2 D)5p 5p

3 D° 3 3d9

(

2 D)7/ 7/ 3 D° 3

2 2

1 894100 1 1148400

3d9 (

2 D)4/ 4f3P° 2 3d9

(

2 D)8/ 8/ iP° 1 1167800

1 904500

0 3d9

(

2 D)8/ 8f »D° 3

o 3d9 (

2 D)4/ 4/ »P° 1 909100 1 1174700

3d9 (

2 D)4/ 4/ 3 D° 3o

1 917300 Se viii (

2D2^) Limit 1253300

August 1950.
159

BROMINE

Br I

35 electrons Z=35

Ground States Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10 4-s2 4p

5 2P°1H

£pB 2P°m 95550 cm-1

I. P. 11.84 volts

This spectrum has been analyzed by Kiess and de Bruin, who have observed more than

300 lines between 3735 A and 9320 A. By utilizing the ultraviolet observations by Turner in the

interval 1232 A to 1633 A, they have classified a total of 208 lines as combinations among terms

of the doublet and quartet systems. The terms of these two systems are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

They have determined the limit from a Rydberg formula representing 1 1 sets of terms of

the ns, np, and nd configurations. This limit depends on series of two members each.

Two changes have been made in the published analysis. Revised tables have recently

been prepared, which give the maximum binding energies of electrons in the first and second

spectra of the elements H through Nb. From an examination of these data Russell has

pointed out that the known nd terms are from 6d and 7d, and that the terms from 4d and 5d

are not yet known because the observed lines lie beyond the range of the present observations.

In compiling the table the writer has assumed that the X S limit in Br n is higher than

the *D limit, although the 5s 2S and 5s 2D terms of Br i from these respective limits are in the

reverse order. Further analysis of Br n is required to settle this question; the term 4p4 *S in

Br ii has not been found.

REFERENCES

L. A. Turner, Phys. Rev. 27, 400 (1926). C. C. Kiess, and T. L. de Bruin, Bur. Std. J. Research 4, 667, RP 172 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (G D)

P. Lacroute, Ann. de Phys. [11] 3, 59 [1934]. (Z E).

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) Br I Br I

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4s2 4P5 4p5 2p° 1/2 0 -3685 4s2 4p4 (tD)5s 5s' 2 D I /2 77305. 93

18. 18 o/2 3685 2/ 77324. 11

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5s 5s 4 P 2X 63429. 82 - 1470. 68

-1976. 66

1. 60 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p 2 D

° 2J4 78504. 88 -1184. 28

1/2 0/2 64900. 50

66877. 16

1. 50

2. 60

I /2 79689. 16

1 /

4s2 4p4

(3 P)5p 5p 4 S° 1/2 78669. 92

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5s 5s 2 P 67176. 87 - 1786. 65 1. 49

0/2 68963. 52 0. 75: 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5p 5p

2 po O/2 78858. 98 312. 66

1 / 79171. 64

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p 4 P° 2/

i /2 oy2

74665. 67

75002. 52

75807. 33

-336. 85

-804. 81 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5p 5p 2 S° 0/ 79861. 30

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)6p 6p 4 po 2/ 85520. 14 -59. 46

-212. 96

-57. 60

-123. 40

-492. 66

1. 46

4s2 4p4

(3 P)5p

4s2 4p4 0S)5s

5p

4 D°

5s" 2 S

3/

2/

ix

0/

0/2

75514. 82

75690. 44

76736. 45

78069. 29

75901. 89

-175. 62 -1046. 01 - 1332. 84 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)6p 6p 4 D°

1/4 0/

3/

2/

1 /

0X

85579. 60

85792. 66

85756. 22

85813. 82

85937. 22

86429. 88

1. 54

1. 43

1. 23

1. 62

2. 26
160

Br I—Continued Br I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)6p 6p 2 po 1/ 87252. 57 -239. 79

1. 29 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)6d 6d

4 P O/2 90186. 50

372. 62

223. 08 o/2 87492. 36 1. 06 1/2 2/

90559. 12 90782. 20

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)7s 7s 2 P 1/2 87748. 30 -2354. 63 0/ 90102. 93 4s2 4p4

(3 P)6d 6d

4 F 4H 90238. 19 -22. 97

-87. 17 -73. 17 3/ 90261. 16

4s2 4p4

(

3P)7s 7s 4 P 2/ 88128. 33 -110 11 2/ 90348. 33

1/2 0/2 88268. 77

90285. 62 -2016! 85 I /2 90421. 50

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)6d 6<2 2 F 2/ 91432. 00

30. 44

4s2 4p4 (

xD)5p 5p' 2 po w0/2 88476. 73

88552. 92 -76. 19 3/ 91462. 44

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)6d 6d

2 D 2/ 91646. 58 -165. 06

4s2 4p4

(

x D)5p 5p' 2jiO 3/2 88658. 93 -15. 99 I /2 91811. 64

2/2 88674- 92

4s2 4p4

(3 P)7d 7d

4 D O/2 91733. 24

60. 16

10. 22

-54. 78

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)6p 6p 2D° 1/2 88841. 29

183. 76 I /2 91793. 40

2/ 89025. 05 2/ 91803. 62

3H 91748. 84

4s2 4p4 (*P)6p 6p 4 S° I/2 0/

88947. 12 1. 36

4

s

3 4p4 (

3 P)6d 6d

2 P 1/

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)6p 6p

2 S° 89140. 50 0. 47 O/2 91785. 35

4s2 4p4 (

3P)7p 7P

4 po 2/ 89541. 96 237 52 1. 40: 4s2 4p4 (3 P)7d 7d4 F 4/ 91844. 52 -29. 89

-75. 42

I /2 O/2 89779. 48

89941. 14

-161. 66 1. 56: 3/

2/

1/

91874. 41

91949. 83

4s2 4p4 (*P)6d 6d 4D 0/ 89722. 68

138. 45

80. 16 -87. 27

1/2 89861. 13 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)7d 7d4 P 2/ 92722. 87 -23. 97

10. 54

4s2 4p4 (

1 S)5p 5p" 2 po

2H

3/

0/

1/

89941. 29

89854. 02

89758. 04

89899. 16

1/

O/2 92746. 8492736. 30

141. 12 Br 11 (

3 Pj) Limi t 95550

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)5p 5p' 2D° 2/2 89786. 97 -67. 37

1/2 89854- 34

January 1950.

Bri Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p® 3dx0 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p* 4ps 2po

ns (n> 5) np (n>5) nd (n> 4)

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)nx /

5,7s 4 P 5,6p 4 S° 5,6,7p 4 P° 5,6p 4 D° 6,7d 4 P 6,7d 4 D 6,7d 4 F

\ 5,7s 2 P 5,6p 2 S° 5,6p 2 P° 5,6p 2 D° 6d

2 P 6d 2 D 6d 2 F

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)n#/ 5s' 2 D 5p' 2 P° 5p' 2D° 5p' 2 F°

4s2 4p4

(

x S)nx" 5s" 2 S 5p" 2 P°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.
Br n

161

(Se i sequence; 34 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

4 3P2

4^>

4 3P2 174119 cm-1

I. P. 21.6 volts

This spectrum would well repay further observation; the analysis is far from complete.

L. Bloch, E. Bloch, and P. Lacroute have given absolute values for 23 terms from the two

limits 4S° and 2D° in Br hi. The limit quoted here is from their paper, which gives no details

about its derivation. The writer derives the limit 175870 (I P 21.8) from the ns 6S° and ns

3S°

series (n= 5,6) by using a Rydberg formula. This value is probably too high.

R. Ramanadham and K. R. Rao have extended the earlier analysis and revised the 4d

3D°,

5d 3D°, and 5s' 1D° terms. In general their terms have been used in preparing the table;

although the writer has made adjustments in the values of the 6s 5S°, 6s 3S°, 5d

5D°, and

5d

3D° terms by utilizing unpublished wave lengths by Kiess. The level they list as 6s' 3D2 has been corrected and entered in the table as 22

. The two levels listed as 4d

3D2j i by the

Blochs and Lacroute, and rejected by Ramanadham and Rao, are included in the table as 4ph 3 P°. This designation is tentatively suggested by the writer.

The observed ^-values are from the 1934 paper except for the following, which have been

determined by the writer from Lacroute’s observed Zeeman patterns:

4p5 3P°, 5p' 3D2 , 3 , 5p' 3F4 , 5d' 1 D°, 5d' lP°, 5d' 1G°, 6s' 1 D°, 5d' 3F3

°, 5d' 3 G°, 5d' 3P°,

5d' 3S°, 5d' »F°.

Approximately 260 lines are classified in the interval between 711 A and 6352 A. Observed

intersystem combinations connect the terms of all multiplicities.

REFERENCES

P. Lacroute, Ann. de Phys. [11] 3, 5-96 (1935). (T) (C L) (Z E)

L. Bloch, E. Bloch, et P. Lacroute, Compt. Rend. 199, 41 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

R. Ramanadham and K. R. Rao, Ind. J. Phys. 18, 317 (1944). (T) (C L)

C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (1940).

J. D. Ranade, Phil. Mag. 42, No. 326, 284 (1951). (hfs)

Br H Br n

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4p4 4p4 *P 2

1 03139 -3139

-701

4p3

(

4 S°)4d 4d *D° 12

112895. 86

111530. 52 -865. 34

930. 03

0. 52

1. 10 0 3840 3 112460. 55 1. 29

4p* 4p4 *D 2 11409 4p3

(2D°)5s 5s' »D° 2 112939. 46 1. 06

4p3

(

4 S°)5s 5s ®S° 2 93927. 48 2. 02

4p3 (

4S°)5p 5p *P 1 114682. 76 135 36 2. 51

48 4

p® 4pj spo 2 96439. 39 -2367. 96 1. 53 2 114818. 12

358. 05 1. 83

1098807. 35 1. 62 3 115176. 17 1. 69

4p3

(

4S°)5s 5s *S° 1 98476. 88 1. 99 4p3(

2 P°)5s 5s" »P° 1 116786. 0

4p3

(

2D°)5s 5s' *D° 1 109428. 2

154. 3

695. 7

0. 55 4p*(4 S°)5p 5p *P 2 117767. 56 206 06 1. 51 2

3

109682. 5

110378. 2

1. 14

1. 29

10117561. 50

117834. 34

-272. 84

1. 49

0/0
162

Br H

Continued Br II

Continued

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4p3

(

2 P°)5s 5s" *P° 0 121154. 0

404. 0

1071. 0

4p*(2D°)5d 5d' »D° 1 151857. 8

144. 5

878. 31

1. 30

12121558. 0

122629. 0

2

3 151502. 27152380. 58

1. 28

4p*(2 D°)5p 5p' 3 D 1 128676. 26 i9«Q Rn 0. 67 2

° 2 151459. 80

2 129965. 86 688. 02 1. 19 3 130653. 88 1. 31 4p3

(2D°)5d bd' >D° 2 152832. 8 1. 06

4p3

(2D°)5p 5

p' *F 2 130609. 88 698 87 0. 86 4p3

(

2 D°)5d bd' iP° 1 154088. 7 1. 04

3 131308. 75

437. 0

1 . 18 4 131745. 7 1. 31 4p3 (

2 D°)5d bd' »G° 4 154984- 6 1. 20

4p3

(

2 D°)5p

5p' 4 P 1 130823. 82 1. 08 4p3 (

2 D°)6s 6s' ‘D° 2 155001. 5 1.07

4p3

(

2 D°)5p 5p' 4 F 3 131688. 75 1. 06 4p3

(2D°)5d 5d' *F° 2 155591. 61

444. 7

648. 1

0. 71

3 156036. 3 1 . 11 4p3

(2 D°)5p 5p' 3 P 2 133278. 13 -323. 01

26. 51

1. 42 4 156684. 89 1. 20

1 133601. 14 1. 48

0 133574. 63 0/0 4p*(2 D°)6s 6s' *D° 19 4p3

(

4 S°)6s 6s *S° 2 185794 8 2. 02 3 156025. 0

4p3

(

2 D°)5p 5

p' J D 2 136607. 73 1. 01 4p*(2 D°)5d 5d' 3 G° 3 156116. 1 36. 2

123. 3

0. 88

4 156152. 8 1. 13 4p3

(

4 S°)6s 6s *S° 1 187668. 1 5 156275. 6 1. 23

1

° 1 188126. 9 4p*(*D°)5<f 5d' *P° 2 158284. 8

600. 6 ’-1624. 2

1. 52

1 157688. 7 1. 40

4p3 (

4 S°)5d bd 3 D° 3 189257. 5 -866. 1 673. 4

0 159257. 9

2 140128. 6 1. 50

1 189450. 2 4p3 (

2 D°) bd 5d' »S° 1 157725. 9 1. 64

4p3

(

4 S°)5d 5d

5D° 0 140228. 09 n 0/0 4p*(2 D°)5d 5d' »F° 3 160887. 7 1. 07

1 140222. 66

283. 97

-212. 44

-2. 25

1. 49

2 140506. 63

140294. 19

1. 51 3 1. 50

4 140291. 94 1. 51 Br hi (4SIk) Limit 174119

October 1950.

Br ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p« 3

d

w +

Observed Terms

4s

2 4

p

4

1 4p4 3 P

4p* 4D

4s 4p® 4p

5 spo

ns(n>5) np(n >5) nd(n>4)

4s2 4p

3

(

4 S°) 7ia; (b, 6s

5S°

\5, 6s »S° 5p

5 P

5p 3 P

bd 6D®

4,5d *D°

4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)nx'

{

5, 6s' »D°

5, 6s' JD°

bp' 3 P

5p' 4 P

5p' 3 D 5p' 3F

5p' 4 D 5p' »F

bd' *S° 5d' 3 P°

bd' »P°

bd' *D°

bd' X D°

bd' 3 F°

bd' X F°

bd' 3 G°

bd' 1 G°

4s2 4p3 (2P°)nar" {

5s" 3 P°

5s" iP° For predicted terms in the spectra of the -Se I isoelectroniG sequence, see Vol. ii. Introduction.
Br m

163

(As i sequence; 33 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d

10 42 4p3 4Sl*

4p3 4S^ 289529 cm"1 I. P. 35.9 volts

The analysis is from K. It. Rao and Krishnamurty, who revised the early work of Deb, and

published 128 classified lines between 665 A and 4519 A. Rao has since (1944) reported that

“a further investigation of the spectrum has led to the identification of many intercombination

lines . . He states that the interval between 4p

3 4Sf^ and 4p3 2Di^ is 15042 cm-1

. This

correction has been added to the doublet terms in the 1937 paper, starting with 4

p

3 2D°^ as

zero. The six miscellaneous levels of the odd set, labeled a, b,

. . . j by the authors, are here

called 1°, 2°, . . . , 6°. The limit is from the two series terms 5, 6s

4P.

REFERENCES

K. R. Rao and S. G. Krishnamurty, Proc. Roy. Soc. London [A] 161, 38 (1937). (I P) (T) (C L)

K. R. Rao, Current Sci. 13, 72 (L) (1944). (T)

Br ill Br in

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p

3 4p* *s° lh 0. 0 4s2 4p2

(3P)5p 5p 2D° 1 h 180695. 7

3483. 2 2/ 184178. 9

4s2 4p3 4p3 2D° ih 15042. 0 125a 0 4 2h 16801. 0 4s* 4p2 (*P)5p 5p S° lh 182017. 8

4s2 4p* 4

p* 2P° oy2 1H

26915. 0

28579. 0 1664 0

4s2 4p*(3 P)5p 5p 2S° Oh 182871. 5

4s2 4p*(?)5p 5p

1° 184627. 4

4s2 4p*(?)4d 4d 1 W 137483. 2

4s2 4p*(?)5p 5p 2° 185422. 2

4s2 4p*(?)4

4d 2 m 2% 137531. 1 5p

2po 4s Oh 185432. 4

2 4p2 (*P)5p 4s2 4p2(?)4d 4d 3 m 139792. 0 lh

4s2 4p*(?)4d 4d 4 2h 141996. 6 4s2 4p2 (?)5p 5p 3° 187768. 1

4s* 4p*(?)4

4d 5 oh, m 143994 9 4s* 4p2 (?)5p 5p 4° 188048. 1

4s* 4p*(?)4

4d 6 ih 145174. 6 4s2 4p*(?)5p 5p

5° 191908. 3

4s2 4p3 (*P)5a 58 4P Oh 145416. 9 2253. 5 2589.4

4s* 4p*(?)5p 5p 6° 192109. 7

1 h

2h

147670. 4

150259. 8 4s2 4p*(?)5d 5d 10 2h 209006. 1

4s2 4p2(?)4d 4d 7 ih 147557. 5 4s2 4p2

(3P)6s 6s 4P Oh 210256. 5 97c;« a ih 213015. 3

2908. 8

4s* 4p*(*P)5s 5s *P oy2 149199. 5 2910. 3

2h 215924. 1

i h 152109. 8

4s2 4p*(?)5d 5

11 lh 212451. 6

4s» 4p*(?)4d 4d 8 2h 150917. 8

4s2 4p*(?)5d 5d 12 ih 212586. 2

4s2 4p*(?)4d 4d 9 ih 151063. 2

4s2 4p2 (?)5d 5d 13 ih 214882. 6

4s2 4p2

(

1D)5s 5s' *D 2h 157746. 7 -765. 7

i h 158512. 4 4s 2h

2 4p*(?)5d 5

14 215470. 3

4s2 4p*(*P)5p 5p

4D° Oh 178181. 8 658 2

4s* 4p*(?)5d 5d 15 lh, 2

219987. 2 ih 178840. 0

2070. 4

2412. 1 4s 2h 175910. 4

2 4p*(?)5d 5d 16 lh 222868. 3

3/2 178322. 5

4s2 4p*(*P)5p 5p

4P° 0/2 176670. 6

1459. 8 lh

2W

178130. 4

J80258. 8

Br iv (

3 P0) Limit 289529

2123. 4

August 1950.
164

Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2

s

2 2pfl 3s2 3p9 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p* |4p3 *S° 4p

3 2p° 4p3 2 D°

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5)

4s* 4p2

(3P)nx

4

s

2 4p2

(

1D)ruc'

{

5,6s 4 P

5s 2 P

5s' 2D

5p

4 S°

5p a S°

bp 4 P°

bp a P°

bp 4 D°

5p a D°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of theJAs i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Br IV

(Ge i sequence; 32 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4p

2 3P0

4p

2 3P0 cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum seriously needs further investigation. The authors have revised Deb’s

early work and published 47 classified lines in the interval 538 A to 3041 A. From combinations of 5s 1,3P with terms of the 4p

2 and 5p configurations, they derive absolute term values

with the limit equal to 404890 cm-1

, giving an ionization potential of about 50 volts. No

regular series have been observed and this estimate requires further confirmation.

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet systems of terms.

REFERENCE

A. S. Rao and S. G. Krishnamurty, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 46, 531 (1934). (IP) (T) (CL)

Br IV Br IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4sa 4p* 4p2 3 P 0

12

0

3247

6237

3247

2990

4s2 4p(2 P°)4d 4d 3 P° 2

10

176686

180578

178958

-1892

1625

4s* 4pa 4pa »D 2 18115 b° 1,2 177993

a° 0,1 189179 4s2 4p(2 P°) 5s 5s 3 P° 0 180619 1281

4688

4s 4p* 4p3 sp° 1 158897 8053

10608

12 181900

186588

2

3 161950

172558 c° 1,2 182479

4s 4

p* 4p3 sp° 2 167568 -419

-348

4s2 4p(a P°)5s 5s »P° 1 189034

1 167987

0 168335 4s2 4p(2P°)5p 5p »P 0 216786 2677

4sa 4p(a P°)4d 4d 3 D° 1 168910 1115

2856

12 219463

222030 2567

23 170025

172881 4s2 4p(2 P°)5p 5p *D 2 227763

August 1950.
Br iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is3 2s3 2p® 3s2 3p® 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s3 4p2 / 4p3 »P

\ 4

p

3 *D

4s 4p* 4p3sp° 4p**D°

«s(n>5) np(n>5) nd(n>4t)

4s3 4p(3P°)nx /5s 3 P°

\5s ‘P° 5p *P 5p *D

4d 3 P° 4d *D°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Ge I isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Br V

(Gai sequence; 31 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s

2 3p° 3d10 4s2 2Pg

4p

2P0h cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum needs investigation. From a study of isoelectronic sequence data, A. S. Rao and K. R. Rao have reported five terms and 12 classified lines in the range between

468 A and 855 A. Their term values are quoted in the table. The term 4p

2 2D has been

added by the writer with the value derived from its combination with 2P°, which they

give.

REFERENCE

A. S. Rao and K. R. Rao, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 46, <164 (1934). (T) (C L)

Br V

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 (

1 S)4p 4p 2 P° OK 0

6090

1H 6090

4s 4p2 4p2 2J) IK 122941 687 2K 123628

4s 4p2 4p2 2p OK 158158 2853

IX 161011

4s" (iS) 4d 4d 2 D IK 187970 622

2K 188592

4s2 OS) 5s 5s 3S OK 213510

May 1950.
(Zn i sequence; 30 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s2 ^

4s2 *So cm-1

I. P. volts

^Little is known about this spectrum. Rao and Rao have classified 14 lines between 499 A

and 939 A. They list one dubious intersystem combination connecting the singlet and triplet

terms. The singlet term 4p

J Pi needs further confirmation since it is based upon only one combination.

REFERENCE

A. S. Rao and K. R. Rao, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 46, 166 (1934). (T) (C L)

Br VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s* 4s* iS 0 0

4s(*S)4p 4p *P° 0 104316 2115

4905 1 106431

2 111336

4s(*S)4p 4p »P° 1 151274

4p* 4p» *P 0 244136 3270

6486 12

247406

253892

4s(*S)4d Ad *D 1 304648 319

484 2 304967

3 305451

March 1950.
Br vn

Z=35

167

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s

2S0^

4s *S0H cm”1 I. P. volts

This spectrum is incompletely known. In 1931 Mack reported that the lines of the principal doublet were very intense on his plates. Subsequently Rao and Rao classified five lines

between 502 A and 779 A. The terms given in the table are from their paper.

REFERENCES

J. E. Mack, Phys. Rer. 36, 194 (L) (1931). A. S. Rao and K. R. Rao, Proe. Phys. Soc. London 46, 167 (1934). (T) (C L)

Br vn

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s 4s *S OH 0

4p 4p *P° oh IS827

7580 1H 18585

4d 4d *D 1H 327205 861 2H 328066

March 1950.

Br vm

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p* 3s2 3p® 3d10 'So

3d10 'So 1554700 cm"1 1. P. 193 volts

Kruger and Shoupp have observed two lines near 139 A, and classified them as combinations

of the ground term with terms from 3d9 4p.

From preliminary measurements Edlen has confirmed these results, extended the analysis,

and derived provisional absolute term values from the Rydberg ^/-series. All of the values

in the table except those from 3d9 4p are from his unpublished manuscript. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

P. G. Kruger and W. E. Shoupp, Phys. Rev. 46, 124 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

B. Edldn, letter (July 1950). (I P) (T)
168

Br vm Br Vffl

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

3d19 3d10 >S 0 0 3d8 (

8 D)4/ 4f *D° 3o

3d*(*D)4p 4p *P° 2

701900

1 1115900

10

3d»(*D)5/ 5/ »P° 1 1266900

3d*(*D)4p 4p »P° 1 715300 3d»(*D)5/ 5f »D° 3

2 4p *D°

1 1276700

3d»(*D)4p 3

2 3d»(*D)6/ 6/ »P° 719800

1 1355400

1 3d»(*D)6/ 6/ *D° 3

3d®(*D)4/ 4/ »P° 2

10

1098800

2

1 1364100

3d®(JD)4/ 4f *P° 1 1104500 Br ix (*D2H) Limit 1554700

August 1950.

Br IX

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=35

Ground state Is2 2$2 2p

e 3s2 3pe 3d? 2D2«

3d? 2D2^ cm-1

I. P. volts

Edl6n has observed three lines due to the transition 3p* 3<P 2D—3p6 3d10 2P°. From

preliminary unpublished measurements he has furnished the provisional term values quoted

in the table. His unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (T)

Br IX

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p«3d® 3d* *D 2%

1H

0

8600 -8600

3p8 3d10 3d10 *P° 1H

OH

912500

962300 -49800

July 1950.
KRYPTON

Krl

36 electrons Z=36

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s

2 3p6 3d10 4s

2 Ip* 'S0

4p6 'So 112915.2 cm"1 I. P. 13.996 volts

The Kr i spectrum has now been observed from 850A to 22000A. The observations

in the infrared beyond the photographic limit are listed in the 1947 and 1949 references below, by

Humphreys and Plyler, and Sittner and Peck, respectively.

The present list of energy levels has been compiled from an unpublished manuscript kindly

furnished by Edl6n, who has made a careful study of the spectrum and interpreted it with the

aid of present atomic theory. Many of the levels are from the papers published at the National

Bureau of Standards, which, in turn, contain revisions and extensions of the earlier work on Kr i. Three place entries are from interferometer measurements. Edl6n’s predicted value

for one level of the 6/[4K] pair is entered in brackets in the table.

The observed ^-values are from the 1940 and 1943 references by J. B. Green and others.

Those for the 4/[l K]i, and 5/[lKh have been added by the writer from Table 1 in the 1940 paper.

Pog&ny has also published a shorter list of ^-values of Kr i. White has discussed the effect of autoionization on the spectra of the inert gases, as an

explanation of the lack of higher series members having the higher limit (2P0M ). Beutler has

observed a number of these lines. The levels ns' [OK] x, (w=8 to 12) and nd'[1K]°, (71=6 to 14)

have been determined by the writer from Beutler’s observations of absorption series in the

region 850 A to 900 A, and added to Edlen’s list. Edlen has determined the revised series limits quoted here. Boyce’s value, 112915.7, has

been used for the compilation of the energy levels. This value is 1.53 cm-1 higher than the

earlier value adopted in the 1931 paper by Meggers, de Bruin, and Humphreys.

The Paschen notation is entered in column one of the table in the same form as for Ne 1 and

A 1 . The letters X, Z, U, T, Y, and W, adopted when configurations involving /-electrons were

found, are also entered in this column.

Edlen suggested that a pair-coupling notation be adopted for Ne i-like spectra to take into

account the departure from ZiS'-coupling. According to Shortley, Z&-designations can be

significantly assigned in only a few cases. Thewriter suggests them provisionally for the following groups of levels:

Paschen Desig. Paschen Desig. Paschen Desig. Paschen Desig. Paschen Desig.

(n-4)ss

(n-4) s4 (n-4) s3 (n-4) s2

ns 3 P2 ns 3 Pf ns 3 Po ns ‘Pi

2pio 2p# 2p8 2pr 2p«

5p 3 Si 5p

3 D3 5p 3 D2 5p

3 Dj?

5p ‘D2 ?

2Pi 2p4 2p3 2p2 2pi

5p

3 P„

5p ‘Pi 5p 3 Pi 5p

3 P2 5p ‘S0

4d6 4d5 4, 5d[

4, 5dA 4d3 4d2

5d 3 Po

5d 3 Pf

5, 6d

3 F?

5, 6d 3 F§

5d 3 P?

5d ‘P|

Ad/

4d[ As/"

4s!" 4s/

4si

5dm

5dm

5diD°2 5d 3 D§

5d 3 Ds

5d 3D;

Consequently, the ^-coupling notation in the general form suggested by Racah is here introduced, as for Ne 1 and A 1 . The present arrangement has been suggested by Shortley, who

has made a detailed study of the theoretical arrangement of the “pairs”, to be used as a guide

in preparing the present table.

Twenty lines of Kr 1 between 4273 A and 6456 A were recommended by the International

Astronomical Union (1935) as secondary standards of wavelength. All but two are regarded as accurate to eight figures. This Union (1935) listed, also, 25 iines between 3424 A and 3845 A

measured to four decimal places. Further observations are required before these can be adopted

as secondary standards.
170

Kr I—Continued

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers, T. L. de Bruin, and C. J. Humphreys, Bur. Std. J. Research 3, 129, RP89 (1929). (I P) (T)

(CL)

C. J. Humphreys, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 1041, RP245 (1930). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, T. L. de Bruin, and C. J. Humphreys, Bur. Std. J. Research 7, 643, RP364 (1931). (I P)

(T) (CL)

H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 38, 1786, 2016 (1931).

W. Gremmer, Zeit. Phys. 73, 620 (1932). (T) (C L)

E. Rasmussen, Dissertation, pp 31-50 (Danske Erhvervs Annoncebureau’s Forlag, Copenhagen, 1932). (T)

(CL)

E. Rasmussen, Zeit. Phys. 73, 779 (1932). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and C. J. Humphreys, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 443, RP540 (1933). (T) (C L)

B. Pog^ny, Zeit. Phys. 93, 372 (1934). (Z E) H. Beutler, Zeit. Phys. 93, 177 (1935). (T) (C L)

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 47, 718 (1935). (I P) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 14, 494, RP781 (1935). (C L) Trans. Intern. Astron. Union 5, 87 (1935); 6, 89 (1938). C. J. Humphreys, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 20, 29, RP1061 (1938). (T) (C L)

J. B. Green, D. W. Bowman, and E. H. Hurlburt, Phys. Rev. 58, 1094 (1940). (Z E)

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942). B. EdI6n, Ark. Mat. Astr. Fys. (Stockholm) 29A, No. 32, 1 (1943). (C L)

J. B. Green, Phys. Rev. 64, 151 (1943). (Z E)

B. Edl6n, unpublished material (November 1946). (I P) (T)

C. J. Humphreys and E. K. Plyler, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 38, 499, RP 1790 (1947). (C L) G. Shortley, unpublished material (Aug. 1947).

W. R. Sittner and E. R. Peck, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 474 (1949). (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) C. J. Humphreys and H. J. Kostkowski, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 49, RP2345 (1952).

Kr I Kr

I

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g

lpo 4p6 4p6 !S 0 0. 0 3d" 4pH2Pi*)4d 4d [2H1° 2 98868. 22

3d[ 3 99080. 19

Is* 4pK2 P!h)5s 5s [1H1° 2 79972. 535 1. 502 3s;'" 4p*(2 Pfo)4d 4d' [2H]° 2 103443. 46

Is* 1 80917. 561 1. 242 3s;'" 3 103702. 239

ls3 4pH2 P5*)5s 5s' [oh]° 0 85192. 414 3sJ'

// 4d' [1H]° 2 103267. 12

ls3 1 85847. 501 1. 259 3s; 1 104888. 114 1. 018

2pio 4p®(2 Pfo)5p 5p [0HJ 1 91169. 313 1. 898 2s* 4pH2 Pi*)6s 6s [1H1° 2 99627. 67

2s4 1 99894. 83

2pfl // 5p [ 2/2 ] 3 92295. 199 1. 336

2p8 2 92308. 177 1. 099 2s3 4p®(2 Pfo)6s 6s' 0

0 0 105092. 14

2sj 1 105147. IS 2p7 // 5p \m 1 92965. 194 1. 004

2po 2 93124. 140 1. 388

3pio 4p5

(

2 Pfo)6p 6p [0H] 1 102888. 002 1. 834

2Ps

// 5P [OH] 0 94093. 662

3p9 n 6p [2H] 3 103116. 449 1. 333

2pi 4p*(2 P§H)5p 5p' [1/4] 1 97596. 718 0. 647 3p8 2 103121. 953 1. 107

2pj 2 97945. 970 1. 181

3p?

// 6p [1H] 1 103314. 284 1. 034

2Ps

// 5p' [OH] 1 97919. 951 1. 452 3p* 2 103363. 425 1. 403

2pi 0 98855. 871

3p* u 6p [0H] 0 103762. 446

3d* 4p®(2 P?H)4d 4d [0H]° 0 96772. 31 3p< 4p5

(

2 Pfo)6p 6p' [1H] 1 108439. 074 0. 648

3d* 1 97086. 00 3pi 2 108568. 583 1. 158

3di 3d4

// 4d [3H]° 4

3 97798. 15

98227. 08

3p»

3pi

// 6p' [0H] 10

108514. 999

108822. 382

1. 401

3ds // 4d [1H]° 2 97688. 58 4d* 4pH2 Pi*)5d 5d [0H]° 0 104074. 276

3dj 1 99647. 02 4d* 1 103802. 598 1. 098
171

Kr I—Continued Kr I—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. / Level Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. j Level Obs. g

Ad[ 4p5 (

2Pfo)5d 5d [3/2 ]° 4 7040SL 57 5U 4pB

(

2Pf*)5/ 5/ m) 5 108487. 73

Adi 3 104917. 282 1. 050 4 108487. 88

Adz

II 5<* [1H1° 2 105008. 054 1. 295 5T If 5f [ 2/2] 3 108504. 045

Adz 1 105649. 25 0. 935 5Y 2 108504 62

Ad” n 5d [2H]° 2 105164. 302 1. 006 5W II 5f [3341 3,4 108517. 77

Ad\ 3 105209. 278 1. 243

As”” 4p5

(2 Po«)5d 5d' [2H1° 2 110122. 88 0. 899 5pio 4p5 (

2 Pf«)8p 8P [OK2] 1 109083. 580 1. 795

As'” 3 110238. 22 1. 140

5p9 II 8p [2H1 3 109104. 106

As”

It 5d' [1H1° 2 110104. 05 1. 169 5p8 2 109106. 58

As[ 1 110734- 07

5p?

II 8p [134] 1 109150. 501 1. 014

5Pt 2 109161. 762 1. 411

3s6 4p5

(2 P!x)7s 7s [1H1° 2 105648. 254 1. 496

3s4 1 105771. 50 1. 097 5pt

II 8P [034] 0 109296. 997

4p5

(

2 Pom)7s 7s' [0H]° 0

3sj 1 111003. 79 1. 208 6dt 4p [0341° s

(2 Pf M)7d 7d 0 109331. 75

6db 1 109343. 75 1. 355

4X 4pB

(

2 PfM)4/ 4/ [1H1 1 105965. 258 0. 52 6d’i If 7d [3^]° 4 109434- 716 1. 228

4Z 2 105966. 379 6dA 3 109472. 27 1. 094

4U II 4/ [4/2] 5 105989. 60 6dz II 7d im° 2 109876. 14 1. 315

6d2 1 109689. 56 0. 797

4T n 4/ [ 2/2 ] 3 106021. 657 6<Zj" ft 7d [234]° 2 109528. 86 0. 954

4Y 2 106022. 425 6d[ 3 109579. 82 1. 231

AW n 4/ [3H] 3,4 106048. 19 4p5

(

2 Pox)7d 7

d' [iy2 ]° 2 4p5

(

2 Poj<)4/ 4/' [3/2] 4 111378. 7 6s( 1 115010

3 111379. 21 n 4/' [2J4] 3 111381. 10 5ss 4p5

(2 PfH)9s 9s [iy2 i° 2 109752. 74 1. 495

2 111381. 98 5S4 1 109780. 11 1. 174 4p5

(

2 Po°h)9s 9s' mr 0

4p10 4p5

(

2 P! M)7p 7p [ 0/2 ] 1 107006. 184 1. 795 5$2 1 115128

Apt

// 7p [2H] 3 107141. 983

4p8 2 107141. 611 6X 4p5

(

2 P?H)6/ 6/ [134] 1 109836. 94

Apr II 7p UHl 1 107222. 145 1. 041 6Z 2 109837. 56

Apt 2 107247. 499 1. 403 It 6/ [434] 5 [109843. 8] Apt 7p \m 0 107411. 191 6U 4 109843. 91 6T ft 6/ [2/2] 3 109853. 01

5d6 4p6 (2 PiH)6d 6d [0Hl° 0 107604- 43

6Y 2 109853. 55

5d 6 1 107676. 953 1. 348 6W t! 6/ m) 3, 4 109861. 12

bd’i

rt 6d [3H]° 4 107779. 701 1. 231

5di 3 107877. 712 1. 073

6pio 4p5

(2 Pfx)9p 9p m\ 1 110180. 87

5dz Sd2 n 6d [1H1° 2

1 107797. 681

108259. 59

1. 318

0. 823 6p9 6p8

t! 9p [234] 32

110210. 35

110210. 64

5d”

5d[

ii 6d [2/2] 0 23

107993. 585

108047. 121

0. 965

1. 254 6pr 6Pt n

9p [i y2 ] 12 110235. 64

110243. 62

5sj

4p5

(

2 Pox)6d 6d' [134]° 2

1 113500 6Pt

tt 9p [oy2] 0 110308. 93

4s5 4p5

(

2 Pf>4 )8s 8s [OT 2 108325. 81 1. 506 7dt 4pB

(

2 P?M)8d 8d mr 0 110336. 47

4s4 1 108373. 87 1. 171 7dt 1 110291. 15 1. 294

4s3 4s 2 4pB

(

2 P°*)8s 8s' [oy2 ]° 0 113711 7d'i II 8d mr 4 110404. 48 1. 236

7di 3 110471. 70 1. 037

5X 4p5 (

2 P!m)5/ 5/ [134] 1 108481. 562 0. 61 7dz

II 8d [m° 2 110513. 57

5Z 2 108471. 937 1. 09 7d3 1 110514- 84
172

Kr I—Continued Kr I—Continued

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level

7di" 4/>5(2P!h) 8d 8d [2H1° 2 110497. 47 1. 005 9d3 4p5

(

2Pi^) lOd lOd [1H1° 2 111446. 18

7d[ 3 110508. 89 1. 227 1

4p«(2 Po°*)8d 8d' UH]° 2 9dj' II lOd [2H]° 2 111468. 14

7s[ 1 115910 9d[ 3 111474. 87

9s[ 4p*(2 Po°h)10d 10d' [1H1° 2

6s6 4p5

(

? Pi M)10s 10s [1H]° 2 110609. 18 1 116870

634 1 110619. 78 1. 161

4P*(2 Pom)10s 10s' [0H]° 0 8ss 4p5

(

2 Pj^)12s 12s [1H]° 2 111528. 62

6sa 1 115961 8s 4 1 111537. 42

4p«(2 Po°h)12s 12s' [0H]° 0 7X 4p6

(

2 P!m)7/ 7/ UH1 1 110656. 24 8s2 1 116904

7Z 2 110656. 80

7U II 7/ [4/J 4,5 110660. 69 9X 4p5

(

2 P!h)9/ 9/ UH1 19 111551. 3 7T II 7/ PHI 3 110666. 24 7Y 2 110666. 54 9U II 9/ [4H1 5 111553. 16 7W rt 7/ [3/2] 3,4 110671. 46

9T II 9/ [2H1 3 111556. 56

7pio 4P*(2 P!h)10p lOp [OHl 1 110873. 22

10d8 4p5

(

2 Pi^)lld lid [0H]° 0 111709. 11

II lOp [ 1 H1 1 10c?5 1 111718. 95

7pt 2 110916. 86

10dl II lid [3H1° 4 111726. 00

7pi

II lOp [OH] 0 110957. 03 10d4 3 111737. 65

10d3 tt lid [1H]° 2 111781. 93

8d8 4p5(2 Pfo)9d 9d [0H1° 0 110934- 16 1

8d[ II 9d [3H]° 4 111019. 65 II lid [ 2H]° 2 8d4 3 111047. 90 10d[ 3 111755. 14 8d3 tt 9d [1H1° 2 111047. 86 4p«(2 Po*)lld lid' [1H]° 2 8d2 1 111143 10s[ 1 117145

8d” II 9d 2 111072. 24

8d[ 3 111079. 85 10X 4p‘(2 Pi*)10/ 10/ [l HI 10

111810. 4 4PH

2 Poh) 9d 9d' im° 2

8*; 1 116480 10U II 10/ [4H1 54

111812. 3

7s, 4p5

(

2 Pfji)lls 11s HH]° 2 111155. 19 10T II 10/ [2H] 3 111814. 2

7s4 1 111171. 62 2 4pK2 Po°x)lls 11s' [0H]° 0

4p«( 7»j 1 116527 nd; 2 P^)12d 12d [3H]° 4 111939. 50

lld4 3 111947. 70

8X 4p«(2 P!«)8/ 8/ UH1 1 111187. 33 4p*(2 Po

0H)12d 12d' [1H]° 2

2 iis; 1 117345

8U II 8/ [434] 4,5 111190. 29

12d; 4p*(2 P;*)13d 13d [3H]° 4 112100. 54

8T tt 8/ [234] 3 111193. 45 3 8Y 2 111193. 78

4pH2 P^)13d 13d' [1H1° 2

8ps 4p8(2 PiH)llV lip [OH] 0 111391. 1 12s( 1 117497

Kr 11 (2 P;h) Limit 112915.2

9d, 4ps

(

2 P!h)10<2 lOd [0H1° 0 111413. 28

9ds 1 111429. 36 4P

5

(2 Poh) 14d 14d' [1H]° 2

i3s; 1 117625

9d[ n lOd [3H]° 4 111433. 88

9d4 3 111451. 22 Kr 11 (

2P0°h) Limit 118284. 7

Obs. g

June 1951.
173

Kr i Obsebved Levels*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2pe 3s2 3p

a 3d10 4s2 +

Observed Terms

4p

9 4p6 »S

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (n> 4)

4p5 (2 P°)nx / 5-12s 3 P°

\ 5—12s 1 P°

5p

3 S 5p3 P 5p3 D

bp 3 S bp iP bp »D

bd 3 P° bd 3 D° 5, 6d 3 F°

bd ip° bd ‘D° 5, 6d l P°

^-Coupling Notation

Observed Pairs

ns (n> 5) np (n>5) nd (n> 4) nf (n>4)

4p5

(

2 P!x)nx 5-12s [1 y2]° 5-1 lp [0/2] 5- 9p [2 y2] 5-10p [1 y2]

4-1 Id [0H]° 4-1 3d [3y2 ]° 4—lid [l/2]° 4-lld [2H1°

4—10/ [1H1

4-10/ [4 y2 ] 4-10/ [2H]

4- 7/ [3y2 ] 4pH2 P°o^nx' 5-12s' [0H]° 5- 6p' [i y2 ] b- 6p' [0H3 4— 5d' [2H]°

4r-14d' [iy2 ]° 4f [3341 4f [234] For predicted levels in the spectra of the Kr I isoelectronic sequence, see Introduction.

Kr II

(Br i sequence; 35 electrons) Z=36

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3_p8 3d10 4s

2 4p

5 2P°^

4ps 2P1H 198182.00 cm"1 I. P. 24.56 volts

A detailed analysis of this spectrum has been published by de Bruin, Humphreys, and

Meggers, who have observed 1050 lines between 2080 A and 10659 A. Of these, 750, or 71

percent, are classified. In the extreme ultraviolet, Boyce has extended the work of Abbink

and Dorgelo to include 82 classified lines between 559 A and 964 A, of which 31 are newly

classified. No new terms are added from this ultraviolet work.

The doublet and quartet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

The limit is derived by applying the Rydberg series formula to the first two members of

the ns

4P2„ series (n= 5,6).

Most of the observed ^-values are from the 1931 paper listed below. A few additional

values, based on unpublished observations furnished by Bakker, Zeeman, and de Bruin are

also included in the 1933 paper containing the analysis of Kr n. REFERENCES

J. H. Abbink and H. B. Dorgelo, Zeit. Phys. 47, 221 (1928). C. J. Bakker and T. L. de Bruin, Zeit. Phys. 69, 36 (1931). (Z E)

T. L. de Bruin, C. J. Humphreys, and W, F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 11, 409, RP 599 (1933). (I P)

(T)(CL)(ZE)

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 47, 718 (1935). (C L)
174

Xr T

T

Kr n

Config. Desig. Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g

4s2 4

p

5 4p

5 2po iy2 0)4

0. 00

5371. 00 -5371. 00 4s2 4p4 0D)4d 4d' 2 F 3%

2/2 149860. 27?

150814. 24? -953. 97

4s 4p

6 4p6 2 S 0)4 109002. 06 4s2 4P4 0D)5p 5p' 2 P° iy2 150203. 48 -2037. 49 1. 33

2K

oh 152240. 97 0. 70

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5s 5s 4 P 112830. 00 -2263. 71 -2511. 02

1. 60

IK 115093. 71 1.54 4s2 4p4 (

1 D)4d 4d' 2P 1V2 151828. 00 -358. 70

0)4 117604. 73 2. 64 oy2 152186. 70

4s2 4p4

(3 P)5s 5s 2P IK 118476. 07 —2527. 80 1. 52 4s2 4p4 0D)5p 5p' 2 D

50 1 H 152191. 86 124 34 0. 80

0)4 121003. 87 0. 70 2% 152316. 20 1. 20

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 4D 3)4 120211. 50 217 06 4

s

2 4p4

(

3 P)6s 6s 4 P 2K 157079. 07 -806. 34

-3991. 96

1. 60

2/2 1)4 120428. 65

121002. 10 -5731 45

-779. 18 i/2 oy2 157885. 41

161877. 37

1. 39

2. 34

ok 121781. 28 0. 00

4)4 4s2 4p4

(3 P)5d 5d

4 P oy2 16079a 68

612. 61 -395. 73

2. 07

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4<Z 4d 4F 126002. 57 1098 fiSt i)2 161409. 29

3)4 127931. 20 -1767. 78

-44. 58

2% 161013. 56 2. 47

2)4

1)4 129698. 98

129743. 56 4s2 4p4

(3 P)5d 5d 4D 3H 161285. 31 -166. 52

-350. 09

-1231. 56

1. 40

2/2 161451. 83 1. 37

4s2 4p4 (

4 D)5s 5s' 2D 1)4 127599. 19

264. 04 0. 80 161801. 92

2)4 127863. 23 1. 20 oy2 163033. 48 0. 88

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d

4 P 0)4 130514. 59 88fi fiQ 4s2 4p4

(3 P)6s 6s SP VA 162059. 03 -507. 13 1. 33

1)

4

2)

4 130895. 28

131377. 24 481. 96 0/2 162566. 16 0. 92

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5d 5d

4 F 4H 162208. 84 -323. 07

-2545. 44

-1969. 78

1. 33

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2F 3)4 131633. 86 -5466. 12 3H 162531. 91 1. 17

2)4 137099. 98 2y2 1H

165077. 35

167047. 13

1. 12

0. 52

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 D D4 132967. 28

1601. 54

2)4 134568. 82 4s2 4p4 0S)6s 6s" 2 S OK 164439. 16? 1. 94

1 2)4 132972. 50 4s2 4p4 (

3 P) 5d 5d

2 P IK 165141. 91 -1811. 40 1. 40

OK 166953. 31 0. 51

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p

4 P° 2)4 133925. 65 -362. 79

-1494. 59

1. 58

4s2 4p4

( 1)4 13^288. 44 1. 67 3 P)5d 5d *F 3K 165397. 72 -2121. 19 1. 24

0)4 135783. 03 1. 98 2K 167518. 91 1. 04

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)4cZ 4d 2 P 0)4 1° IK 166155. 50?

1)4 134623. 17

3 2K 167001. 45

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p 4 D° 3)4 135783. 18 -287. 82

-2310. 35

-1781. 90

1. 43

2)4 136071. 00 1. 23 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5af 5d

2 D IK 167913. 11

1791. 74 1. 18

1)4 0)4 138381. 35

140163. 25

1. 26

0. 00

2K 169704. 85 1. 15

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5/ 5/ 4F° 4K 168085. 49 -32. 51 -65. 20

-201. 92

2 1)4 138495. 02 3V2 2K

168118. 00

168188. 20

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5p 5p 2 P° 0)4 •139103. 36

1033. 79 1. 78 IK 168385. 12

1)4 140187. 15 1. 26

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5/ 5f

2 F° 3K 168260. 43 —202. 10

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p 2D° 2)4 I 4OI 18, 99 —1876. 69 1. 34 2K 168462. 53

1)4 141995- 68 1. 33

4s2 4p4 (

4 S)5p 5p" 2 P° OK 168262. 90

676. 45 L 24

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p 4 S° 1)4 141722, 72 1. 54 IK 168939. 35 0.90

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5p 5p 2 S° 0)4 142363. 55 1.50 2° 3K 168490. 67

4s2 4p4

(

4 S)5s 5s" 2S 0)4 145813. 61 2.00 4s2 4p4

(3 P)5/ 5/ 2D° 2K

IK 168630. 36 1.02

4s2 4p4 0D)4d 4<2' 2 G 4)4

3)4 146892. 32? 4s2 4p4

(3 P)5f 5f

4 D° 3K

2K

4s2 4p4

(

4 D) 5p 5p' 2F° 2)4 149173. 42 531. 13 0. 86 !K 168718. 90

3)4 149704. 55 1. 14 OK

4s2 4p4 (

4 D)4d 4

d' 2D 2)4

1)4 149515. 90

150179. 87 -663. 97 4s2 4p4

(

4 D)6s 6s' 2 D 2K

IK }l70571. 12 1.00
175

Kr n—Continued Kr II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3° IK 170887. 58 4s2 4p4 0D)5d 5d' *P IK

OK

177683. 83

178787. 63 -noa 80

4° 2K 171295. 70

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)5d 5d' 2F 2K 177710. 28

5° 198. 72 2K 171886. 82 3K 177909. 00

6° 3K 171560. 00 4s2 4p4 (3P)7s 7s *P IK

OK

177956. 88

178507. 45 -550. 57

4s* 4p4 (

1 S)4d 4d" *D 2K 171970. 61 -81. 28 1. 20

IK 172051. 89 0. 80 4s2 4p4 (

3P)5<7 5g4 G 5K 178842. 39

31. 09 —4. 21 -45. 37

4K 178811. 30

4s* 4p4 (*D)5/ 5/' 2 D° !K 172714- 72

58. 65 3K 178815. 51 2K 172778. 37 2K 178860. 88

7° 2K 172734- 15 8° IK 182464. 85

4s* 4p4 (

1 D)5/ 5

/' *F° 3K 178131. 03 -25. 39

9° ok? 182479. 27

2K 173156. 42

10° IK 182811. 90

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)7s 7s 4 P 2K 173309. 68 -330. 34

-4414. 77 IK

OK

173640. 02

178054. 79

11° 2K 182841. 19

12° IK 182965. 59

4s2 4p4 (*D)5/ 5

/' 2P° IK 173687. 88 -815. 12 OK 174503. 00 13° 2K 188808. 55

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)5d 5d' 2 G 3K

4K

175891. 74

701. 23 0. 89

176592. 97 1. 11 Kr hi (

3 P2) Limit 198182. 00

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)5d 5d' *D IK 176110. 96

2209. 67 2K 178320. 63 1 . 20

January 1951. Kru Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s* 3p« 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p5 4p« jpo

4s 4p6 4p® *S

ns (n> 5) np (n >5)

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)rw; /

5,6,7s

l 5,6,7s

4 P

*P

5p 4 S° 5p 2 S° 5p 4P°

5p *P° 5p 4 D°

5p 2©'D

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)na>'' 5, 6s' 2 D’ 5p' 2 P° 5p' *D° %' 2F°

4s2 4p4: (

1 S)nx" 5, 6s" *S 5p" 2P°

nd (n> 4); nff (in > 4) ng (n >5);

4s2 4p4

(3 P) nx J4, 5d 4 P 4,5d

\4, 5d 2 P 4,5d

4 D 4,5d 4 F

2 D 4,5d 2 F

5/ 4 D°

5/ 2 D°

5/ 4 F°

5/ 2F°

5<7 4 G

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)wx' 4, 5<f 2 P 4,5dT 2D 4,5d' 2F 4,5d' 2 G 5/' 2 P° 5/' 2D° 5f

2 F°

4s2 4p4

(

1S)nar" 4d' 2D

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see VoL n, Introduction.
176

Kr III

(Se i sequence; 34 electrons) Z=36

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p4 3P2 4p4 3P2 298020 cm"1 I. P. 36.9 volts

The analysis is from Humphreys, who has discussed the earlier work on this spectrum.

He lists 369 classified lines in the interval between 2116 A and 7353 A. In addition, Boyce

has classified 138 lines between 516 A and 1923 A. Observed intersystem combinations con- nect the terms of all multiplicities.

The limit is based on the nd 5D3 , nd 3 D3 (n=4,5), and ns 3Si (n=5,6) series. The Zeeman effect for two lines, 3507.42 A and 3564.23 A has been observed by Bakker

and de Bruin. The resulting ^-values are:

Desig. Obs. g

5s 3 Sl 1. 99

5p

3 P2 1. 50

5p

3 Pi 1. 55

REFERENCES

C. J. Humphreys, Phys. Rev. 47, 712 (1935). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 47, 718 (1935). (C L) T. L. de Bruin, Zeeman Verhandelingen, p. 416 (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1935). (T) (C L) (Z E)

Kr III Kr III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4

p

4 4p4 3 P 2

10

0

4548

5313

-4548

-765

4s2 4p3 (

2 D°)4d

4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)4d

4d' iD°

4d' 3 D°

2

1

165464- 45

170203. 38 2263 13 4p4 4 D 14644

2 172466. 51

1985. 54

4s2 4p4 2 3 174452. 05

4s2 4p

4 4p4 iS 0 33079 4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)5s 5s' 4 D° 2 170900. 02

4s 4ps 4p5 3p° 2 1

1 5932 -3449

-2163

4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)4d 4d' 4 P°? 1 171996. 91

10

119381

121544 4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)4d 4d' 3 S°? 1 172984- S3

4s2 4p3

(

4 S°)4d 4d 5 D° 0

12

3

138447. 68

138472. 12

138481. 92

138493. 78

24. 44

9. 80

11. 86

156. 49

4s2 4p3

(

2 P°)4d 4d" 3 F° 4

3

2

175048. 98

174831. 66

175212. 28

212. 32

-380. 62

4 138650. 27

4s2 4p3

(

4 S°)5p 5p

5P 1 175545. 05 6Q

4s 4p8 4p5 ipo 1 141876 2 175779. 74

741. 44

3 176521. 18

4s2 4p3

(

4 S°)5s 5s ®S° 2 145720. 00

4s3 4p3 (

4 S°)4d 4d3 D° 32

1

148736. 44

147805. 70

149072. 99

930. 74

-1267. 29

4s2 4p3

(

2 P°)4d 4d" 3 D° 12

3

182266. 00

176791. 83

184892. 85

-5474. 17

8101. 02

4s2 4p3 (

4 S°)5s 5s 3 S° 1 151581. 26 4s2 4p3

(

2 P°)5s 5s" 3 P° 0 178244 46 15 66

4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)4d 4d' 3 F° 2 153564. 18

1136. 87

1381. 91

12 178260. 12

180248. 10 1987. 98

3 154701. 05

4 156082. 96

4s2 4p3 (

4 S°)5p 5p 3 P 0

179629. 83

180084. 12 4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)4d 4d' 3 G° 3

4

159997. 52

160415. 88 418. 36

693. 67

12 454 29

5 161109. 55

4s2 4p3

(

2 P°)5s 5s" 4 P° 1 181264. 53

4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)4d 4d' 1 G° 4 162842. 07

4s2 4p3

(

2 D°)5s 5s' 3 D° 1 163270. 01

366. 82

1417. 72

4s2 4p3

(

2 P°)4<2 4d" 4 F° 3 182968. 27

2

3

163636. 83

165054. 55 4s2 4p3 (

2 P°)4d 4d" iP° 1 188234 28
177

Kr III—-Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval 1

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)4d 4d" »D° 2 188570. SO I

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)4d 4d" 3 P° 012

190227. 21,. 193652. 80 3425. 56

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p 5p' 3 D 123

190724. 64

192702. 93

193826. 24

1978. 29

1123. 31 1I 4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p op' 3 F 234

193856. 49

194963. 87

195675. 44

1107. 38

711. 57

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p 5

p' J P 1 194121. 20

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p 5

p' *F 3 195478. 99

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p 5p' 3 P 2 198108. 88

198825. 49

198790. 11 -716. 61

35. 38

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p 5p' 2 202897. 08

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)5p 5p" 3 D 123

207248. 18 208511. 04

209869. 57

1262. 86

1358. 53

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)5p 5p" 3 S 1 208610. 74

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)5p 5p" ‘P 1 209285. 43

4s2 4p3 ( 2 P°)5p op" 3 P 012

209787. 45

212264. 81 213058. 56

2477. 36

793. 75

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)5p op" iD 2 212124. 52

4s2 4p3 ( 4 S°)6s 6s 5 S° 2 215522. 57

4s2 4p3 PS°)5d 5d 5 D° 01234

216501. 29

216515. 80

216529. 32

21651+5. 61+ 216605. 16

14. 01

14. 02

16. 32

59. 52

4s2 4p3 (4 S°)5d 5d 3 D° 123

219295. 1+1+ 217376. 66

220759. 98

-1918. 78

3383. 27

4s2 4p3 (4 S°)6s 6s 3 S° 1 22181+3. 1+0

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)6s 6s' 3 D° 123 233111. 63

231+567. 20 1455. 57

4s2 4p3 ( 2 D°)5d 5d’ >D°? 2 23331+7. 38 4s2 4p3 ( 2 D°)5d 5d' iG° 4 235357. 36

4s2 4p3 (2 D°)6s 6s' >D°? 2 236183. 67

4s2 4p3 ( 2 D°)5d 5d' 1° 1 237971. IS

4s2 4p3 ( 2 D°)5d 5d' 2° 2 288608. 82

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)6s 6s" 3 P° 012

21+9167. 98

250911. 83 1743. 85

4s2 4p3 (2 P°)6s 6s" »P° 1 2521+61. 12

Kr iv (4 Sj^) Limit 298020

November 1950.

*For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Sei

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
178

Kr IV

(As i sequence; 33 electrons) Z=36

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s

2 3p* 3d10 4s2 4p3 4Si^

4p

z cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been satisfactorily analyzed. Boyce has observed the three

ultimate lines, 805 A to 842 A, having the transition 4p

3 4S°—4p

4 4P. These observations

have been used to calculate the recorded value of 4p4 4P.

Rao and Krishnamurty have reported 61 additional lines in the interval from 2237 A to 3934 A, as combinations among four terms and a number of miscellaneous levels. Their terms

start with 5s 4POH =0. By comparison with As i and Se n the writer has estimated that this

level is approximately 166100 cm-1 above the ground state zero. This value, entered in brackets

in the table, has been added to all levels taken from the 1939 reference, x denoting that they

are not connected with the rest by observed combinations. The writer has also assigned

numbers to the miscellaneous levels. The levels here designated as 1, 2, and 3 have been

corrected to fit the observed combinations, because they are incorrectly tabulated in the

published paper.

All but the two lowest terms in the table need confirmation.

REFERENCES

J. C. Boyce, Phys. Rev. 47, 720 (1935). (C L) A. B. Rao and S. G. Krishnamurty, Proc. Phys. Soc. London 51, 772 (1939). (T) (C L)

Kr IV Kr IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p3 4p3 4 S° l/2 0. 0 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4d 9 0X, 1/2 172999 +x

4s 4

p

4 4

p

4 4 P 2H 118760 -3666

-1682

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4d 10 IK, 2H 173552 +x

1 K

0/2 122426

124108 4s2 4p2

( 3 P)4d 11 IK, 2/2 177800 +z

4

a

2 4p2

(

3 P)5s 5s 4 P OK [166100] Ax 3100

3223

4s2 4p2 (

3 P)4d 12 i*K. 182553. 5+

x

| 1/2 169200

2/2 172423 Ax 4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5p 5p4 D° OK 202711, 8Ax 1529. 1 3183. 6 3308

m 204240. 9+x- 4s2 4p2

(3 P) 4d 1 1 /2 , 2& 164446 Ax

i

i 2K

2K

207424. 5Ax

210732 +x

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4d 2 m, m 165381 Ax i 4s2 4p2 (3P)5p 5p

4P* OK 207962 +x 488

348 4a2 4p2 (3 P) 4d 3 IK, 2K. 166062. +X !

I

| VA

208450 +x

208798. 5Ax

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4<2 4, 2% 167708 Ax

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5p 5p 4S° IK 208881 Ax

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4rf

1 m.m 168025 +X- 1® 4s2 4p2

( IK, 2K 210126. 9 Ax 3 P)5p

4s2 4p2

(3 P)4d 6; mm 168159 Ax

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)5

p

2® IK, 2K 210563. 4 Ax

4s2 4p2

(

3 P)4d 7 m m 170862 Ax

8 2K 171482 Ax

4s2 4p2

( 3P)5p 3® IK, 2K 212831. 3Ax

4s2 4p2

(3P)4<2

October 1950.
Kr IX

179

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z—36

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 *So

3d101S0 cm"1 I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Paul has observed three lines as follows:

I A Int. Wave No.

114. 948 75 869958

115. 741 100 863998

117. 710 20 849546

By analogy with the related isoelectronic spectra Se vn to Y xn, he has classified these

lines as combinations of the ground term with terms from the 3d9 4p configuration, as given in the

table. He has examined this spectrum and furnished these results especially for inclusion here.

REFERENCE

F. W. Paul (letter, November 1950). (T) (C L)

Kr IX

Config. Desig. J Level

3d10 3d10 *S 0 0

3dfl (2D)4p 4p 3 P° 2

1 849546

0

4 3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p

iP° 1 868998

3d9

(

2 D)4p 4p3 D° 3

2

1 869958

November 4950.
RUBIDIUM

Rbl

37 electrons Z=37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 5s 2So^

5s 2Soh Rb85 33691. 02 ± 0.03 cm'1 I. P. 4.176 volts

5s Rb87 33691. 10 ± 0.03 cm*1 I. P. 4.176 volts

The well known series of Rb i reported in the classical publications of Paschen-Gotze

and Fowler have recently been extended. Kratz has observed in absorption the principal

series (np 2 P°) to n= 77. Mack has furnished in advance of publication his observations of forbidden absorption

lines, all of which are combinations of the ground term, 5s 2 S, with higher series members

nd 2D and ns 2S. The series called n/2 F° in the table is labeled by Mack n

2 Q to indicate that

the terms are n/ 2F°, ng 2 G, nh 2 H°, etc. Ramb has observed with the interferometer 33 lines between 5169.651 A and 10075.711 A.

The inverted terms of the Bergmann series have been discussed in detail by Meissner and

Masaki. From these and other papers Mack has prepared the list of terms as far as 12s 2S,

and furnished his manuscript for inclusion here. He notes that the values of the terms 6s 2S,

4d 2D, 4 to 8/

2 F°, 5, 6g 2G, and 6h

2H° need further adjustment from more accurate wave

lengths. He suggests, also, the following improved values of intervals:

Term Interval Term Interval

5p 2 P° 237. 598 7d 2 D 1. 507

5d 2 D 2. 960 8d 2 D 1. 013

6d 2 D 2. 262 9d 2 D 0. 697

Brackets denote that the tabular entries have been derived from series calculations.

Kratz derives the limit 33690.96 ±0.03 cm-1

, from the long np 2P° series, and calculates

the limit of the lowest hyperfine structure sublevel as 33691.02 ±0.03. Mack confirms this

calculation for Rb85 and adds the value quoted above for Rb87

. Beutler has observed in absorption 39 lines between 594.61 A and 809.72 A, and classified

all but 3 as transitions from the ground term to levels above the ionization limit. His roundedoff wave numbers have been entered in the table. These levels have as limits, two higher

terms 3 P° and T0 in Rb n. The miscellaneous levels have been assigned numbers by the

writer. The double entries of J for these levels (unlike those for unresolved terms) indicate

that the existing data are insufficient to distinguish which value of J is correct. The Quadratic Zeeman Effect in the principal series of Rb i is discussed by Harting and

Klinkenberg.

REFERENCES

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren, p. 61 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (T) (C L)

A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 103 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (T) (C L)

R. Ramb, Ann. der Phys. [5] 10, 311 (1931). (T) (C L) K. W. Meissner and O. Masaki, Ann. der Phys. [5] 10, 325 (1931). (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 674 RP558 (1933). (C L) H. Beutler, Zeit. Phys. 91, 131 (1934). (T) (C L) D. Harting and P. F. A. Klinkenberg, Physica 14, No. 10, 669 (1949). (Z E) H. R. Kratz, Phys. Rev. 75, 1844 (1949). (I P) (T) (C L) (hfs) P. Kusch and H. Taub, Phys. Rev. 75, 1477 (1949). (hfs)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)

J. E. Mack, unpublished material (May 1951); Phys. Rev. 85, 716 (1952). (T) (C L)
181

Rb I Rb 

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p8 ( 1 S)5s 5s 2 S oy2 0. 00

4p8 0S)5p 5p 2 P° oy2 1257S. 96

237. 60 i X

4p8 0S)4d 4d 2 D 2y2 19355. 01 -0. 44

1/4 19355. 45

4p8 ( 1 S)6s 6s 2 S OH 20133. 6 4p8 ( 1 S)6p 6p 2 P° oh 23715. 19

77. 50

1H 23792. 69

4p6 ( 1 S) 5d 5d 2 D 1 H2 25700. 56

2. 96 2H 25703. 52

4pG 0S)7s 7s 2 S OH 26311. 46

4p6 ( 1 S)4/ 4/ 2 F° 2H, 3H 26791. 98

4p6 ( 1 S)7p 7p 2 P° OH 27835. 05

35. 09

1/2 27870. 14 4pG ( 1 S) 6d 6d 2 D 1H 28687. 15

2. 26 2 H 28689. 41 4p8 (’S)8s 8s 2 S oh 29046. 84

4p8 0S)5/ 5/ 2 F° 3H 29277. 58 -0. 01 2H 29277. 59

4p8 0S)5g 5<? 2 G 3H, 4H 29297. 6 4p6 ( ] S) 8p 8p 2 P° OH 2988^. 96

18. 86 iH 29853. 82

4p8 (1 S)7d 7d 2 D 1 H2 30280. 18

1. 51 2H 30281. 69

4p6 ( 1 S) 9s 9s 2 S oh 30499. 06

4p6 ( 1 S)6/ 6/ 2 F° 3H 30627. 77 -0. 01 2H 30627. 78

4p6 ( 1 S)6<7 6.9 2 G 3>2 , 4H 30636. 9

4p8 ('S)6

h 6h 2 H° 4H, 5

30643. 5

4p6 ('S)9p 9p 2 P° OH 80958. 94 11. 28 iH 30970. 22

4p6 (1 S) 8d 8d 2 D iH 31221. 47

1. 01 2H 31222. 48

4p6 ( 1 S)10s 10s 2 S OH 31362. 36

4p6 (1 S)7/ 7/ 2 F° 3H 81441- 52 -0. 01 2H 31441 53

4p6 ( 1 S) lOp lOp 2 P° OH 31653. 88

7. 31

1/2 31661. 19

4p8 ( 1 S)9d 9d 2 D iH 31821. 88

0. 70 2H 31822. 58

4p6 ( 1 S)lls 11s 2 S OH 31917. 25

4p6 ( 1 S)8/ 8/ 2 F° 2H, 3H 31969. 43

4p6 ( 1 S)llp lip 2 P° OH 32113. 58

4. 97

1/2 82118. 55

4p8 ( 1 S)10d lOd 2 D IH [32227. 68]

[0. 48] 2H 32228. 16 4p6 (1 S)12s 12s 2 S OH [32295. 04]

4p9 (, S)12p 12p 2 P° OH 32433. 50

3. 54 IH 32437. 04

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p8 ( 1 S)lld lid 2 D 1 H 32514. 63

0. 30 2H 32514. 93

4p«(>S)13p 13p 2 P° oh 32665. 08

2. 60

1/2 32667. 63

4p8 0S)12d 12d 2 D IH2 32724. 68

0. 25 2H 32724. 93 4p6 (1 S) 14p 14p 2 P° OH 32838. 02

2. 00 1 H 32840. 02

4p8 (1 S)13d 13d 2 D iH 32883. 21

0. 20 2H 32883. 41 4p6 ( 1 S)15p 15p 2 P° OH 32970. 66

1. 53 iH 82972. 19 4p8 ( 1 S)14d 14d 2 D 1 H> 2H 33005. 84

4p°(1 S) 16p I6p 2 P° OH 33074- 59

1. 24 iH 33075. 83

4pG ( 1 S) 15d 15d 2 D IH, 2H 33102. 39

4pfi (1 S)17p 17p 2 P° OH 33157. 54

1. 00

1/2 33158. 54

4p8 ( 1 S)16d 16d 2D IH, 2

33180. 03

4pfl 0S)18p 18p 2 P° oh 33224. 83

0. 84 1 H 33225. 67

4p6 ( 1 S)17d 17d 2 D IH, 2H 33244. 23

4p°(1 S) 19p 19p 2 P° OH 33280. 13

0. 68 IH 83280. 81 4p8 (1 S)18d 18d 2 D iH, 2H 33295. 28

4p°(1 S)20p 20p 2 P° OH 33326. IS

0. 57 IH2 38326. 70

4p8 0S)19d 19d 2D IH, 2H 33338. 80

4p°(, S)21p 21p 2 P° OH 33364- 81

0. 48

IH2 33365. 29

4p6 (1 S)205 20d 2D IH, 2H 33375. 4

4p°(1 S)22p 22p 2 P0 OH 83397. 66

0. 43 1 H 33398. 09

4p°(1 S)21d 21d 2 D IH, 2H 33406. 86 4pc ( 1 S)23p 23p 2P° OH 33425. 76

0. 39

IH2 33426. 15 4pfi ( 1 S)22d 22d 2D iH, 2H 33433. 88

4p6 ( 1 S)24p 24p 2P° OH 33450. OS

0. 35 1 H 33450. 38

4p6 ( 1 S)23d 23d 2D IH, 2H 33457. 06

4p«(»S)25p 25p 2 P° OH 33471. 11

0. 32 1 % 33471. 43

4p6 ( 1 S)24d 24d 2D IH, 2H 33477. 0 4p6 ( 1 S)26p 26p 2P° OH 33489. 53

0. 26 iH 33489. 79 4p8 CS)25d 25d 2 D iH, 2H 33494. 8 4p6 ('S)27p 27p 2 P° OH, IH 38505. 92

4p6 ( 1 S)26d 26d 2D vi 2H 33510. 1 4p8 (1 S)28p 28p 2 P° OH, IH 33520. 22
182

Rb I—Continued Rb I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p«(*S)27d 27d 2 D ik 2H 33524. 01 4p8 (

1 S) 4Qp 40p 2 P° OK iX 88612. 84

4p8

(

1 S) 29p 29p 2 P° 0x, ix 88582. 91 4p8

(

x S)39d 39d 2 D IK 2X 33613. 38

4p8 0S)28d 28d 2 D IK 2X 33535. 9 4p8

(

l S)41s 41s 2 S ox 33614. 23

4p«OS)30p 30p 2 P° ox, IX 88544- 26 4p8

(

x S)3§f 38/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 83614. 55

4p8

(

1 S) 29d 29d 2 D IX, 2X 33547. 3 4p8

(

x S)41p 41p 2 P° ox, IX 88616. 88

4p8

(

x S)31p 31p 2 P° ox, IX 83554- 47 4p8

(

x S)40d 40d 2 D IK 2X 33617. 34

4p8

(

x S)30d 30d 2 D IX, 2X 33557. 02 4p8

(

x S) 42s 42s 2 S ox 33618. 26

4p8

(

1 S)32s 32s 2 S ox 33559. 2 4p8 (

x S)39/ 39/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 88619. 6

4p6 0S)29/ 29/ 2 F° 2K etc. 88559. 9 4p8 (

1 S)42p 42p 2 P° OK IX 38620. 15

4p6

(

1 S)32p 32p 2 P° OX, IX 88568. 57 4p6 (

1 S)41d 41d 2 D IK 2X 33621. 00

4p«(1 S)31d 31 d 2 D IX, 2X 33565. 95 4p6

(

1 S)43s 43s 2 S ox 33621. 62

4p8

(

1 S)33s 33s 2 S ox 33567. 7 4p6 (

1 S) 40/ 40/ 2 F° 2K etc. 88622. 05

4p6

(

1 S)30/ 30/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 83568. 5 4p8

(

x S) 43p 43p 2 P° OK i X 33623. 61 4p8 (

x S)33p 33p 2 P° ox, IX 88571. 85 4p8

(

1 S)42d 42d 2 D IK 2X 33624. 41 4p6 (

1 S) 32d 32d 2 D IX, 2X 33574. 06 4p8

(

x S)44s 44s 2 S ox 33625. 08

4p6 (

1 S) 34s 34s 2 S OX [33575. 6] 4p8

(

1 S)41/ 41/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 33625. 56

4p«(1 S)31/ 31/ 2 F° 2K etc. [88576. 7] 4p6 (

x S)44p 44p 2 P° ox, 1/2 88626. 88

4p6 (

1 S) 34p 34p 2 P° OX, iX 88579. 84 4p9 (

1 S) 43d 43d 2 D IK 2/2 33627 55

4p6 (

1 S) 33d 33d 2 D IX, 2X 33581. 21 4p8 (

1 S)45s 45s 2 S 0/2 33628. 23

4p8 (

x S)35s 35s 2 S OX 33582. 7 4p8

(

1 S)42/ 42/ 2 F° 2K etc. 88628. 76

4p8 0S) 32/ 32/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 83583. 8 4p8 (

1 S) 45p 45p 2 P° OK 1/2 83629. 80

4p8

(

1 S)35p 35p 2 P° OX, IX 88586. 11 4p6 (

1 S) 44d 44d 2 D 1/2, 2X 33630. 51 4p8

(

x S)34d 34d 2 D IX, 2X 33587. 87 4p8

(

x S)46s 46s 2 S OX 33631. 13 4p8 (

x S)36s 36s 2 S ox 33589. 09 4p6 (

1 S)43/ 43/ 2 F° 2K etc. [38631. 6] 4p8

(

1 S)33/ 33/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 88589. 98 4p8

(

x S)46p 46p 2 P° OK IX 88682. 60

4p8 (

1 S)36p 36p 2 P° OK IX 33592. 81 4p6

(

x S) 45d 45d 2 D IK 2X 33633. 23

4p8

(

1 S)35d 35d 2 D IK 2/2 33593. 83 4p6

(

1 S)47s 47s 2 S 0/2 33633. 93

4p8(

1 S)37$ 37s 2 S ox 33595. 02 4p8

(

1 S)44/ 44/ 2 F° 2X, etc. [88634. 28]

4p8

(

1 S)34/ 34/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 38595. 9 4p8

(

1 S)47p 47p 2 P° OX, IX 88685. 21 4p6

(

1 S)37p 37p 2 P° OK IX 88597. 96 4p8

(

x S)46d 46d 2 D IK 2/ 33635. 83

4p8

(

1 S)36d 36d 2 D IK 2X 33599. 42 4p9 (1 S)48s 48s 2 S O/2 33636. 33

4p8 (

x S)38s 38s 2 S ox 33600. 57 4p6

(

1 S) 45/ 45/ 2 F° 2K etc. 88686. 86

4p8

(

x S)35/ 35/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 88601. 44 4p8

(

1 S)48p 48p 2 P° OK 1/2 88687. 68

4p6

(

1 S)38p 38p 2 P° ok IX 88608. 14 4p8

(

x S)47d 47d 2 D IK 2X 33638. 17 4p8 (

x S)37d 37d

2 D IK 2X 33604. 43 4p6

(

1 S) 49s 49s 2 S 0/2 33638. 80

4p8 (

x S)39s 39s 2 S OX 33605. 26 4p6 (

1 S)46/ 46/ 2 F° 2K etc. [88689. 10]

4p8

(

1 S)36/ 36/ 2F° 2X, etc. 88605. 97 4p8

(

1 S) 49p 49p 2 P° OK 1/2 88689. 89

4p8

(

1 S)39p 39p 2 P° OK IX 88607. 96 4p8 (

x S)48d 48d 2 D IX, 2X 33640. 46

4p8

(

x S)38d 38d 2 D IK 2X 33609. 08 4p8

(

I S)50s 50s 2 S OX 33640. 95

4p8

(

x S)40s 40s 2S OX 33610. 09 4p8

(

1 S)47/ 47/ 2 F° 2X, etc. 88641- S2

4p8

(

x S)37/ 37/ 2 F° 2K etc. 88610. 41 4p6 (

1 S)50p 50p 2 P° 0/2 , IX 88642. 01
183

Rb I—Continued Rb I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p«(1 S)49<i 49d 2 D 1 K, 2H 33642. 7 4p® 5s(3 P|)4d 4d 2° OK, 1/2 189910

4p*(1 S)51s 51s 2 S OK 33643. 98 4p® 5s(3 P|)4d 4d 3° OH, 1H 145540

4p®(‘S)51p 51p 2 P° OH, IX 83644. 02 4p® 5s(3 P2)4d 4d 4° OH, 1H 146050

4p6

(

1 S)50eZ 50d 2 D IX, 2/2 33644. 5 4p® 5s(3 Pf)4d 4d 5° OH, 1/2 146780

4p®(‘S)52s 52s 2 S o/2 33644. 95 4p5 5s(3 P2)4d 4d 6° OH, 1/2 147880

4p«(‘S)52p 52p 2 P° OK, 1/2 88645. 96 4p5 5s(3 Po)4d 4d 7° OH, 1H 147580

4p®(1 S)51d 51d 2 D 1/2, 2K 33646. 54 4p® 5s(3 Pi)4d 4d 8° OH, iH 148910

4p®(1 S)53s 53s *S ok 33646. 84? 4p® 5s(3 P2)6s 6s 2 P° 1H 151760 1 oon

4p® 5s(3 P|)6s OH? 152980

4p8 (‘S)53p 53p

2 P° OK, IK 88647. 72

4p® 5s(3 P°)6s 6s ®P° 2H

4p«(1 S)52d 52d *D IK, 2/2 33648. 29 4p* 5s(3 Pf)6s 1H? 152380 ±c\ 4p® 5s(3P8)6s OH? 158520

4p®(1 S) 54p 54p 2 P° o/2 , 1/2 38649. 88

4p® 5s(1 P!)4ti 4d' 9° OH, iH 162690

4p«0S)53d 53d 2 D IK, 2K 33650. 03

4p® 5sOPf)4d 4d' 10° 0/2 , iH 154040

4p®(1 S)55p 55p 2 P° OK, 1/2 38650. 95

4p® 5s(3 P2)5d 5d 11° OH, iH 154260

4p®(1 S) 54d 54d 2 D 1 /2 , 2K 33651. 36

4p® 5sOPj)4d? 4d' 12° 0/2 , iH 154950

4p®(1 S)56p 56p 2 P° OK, 1 K 88652. 41

4p® 5s(3 Pf)5d 5d 13° OH, iH 156810

4p6 (

1 iS)57p 57p 2 P° OK, 1/2 88658. 80

4p® 5s(3 Pj) 5d 5d 14° OH, iH 156980

4p*(1 S)58p 58p 2 P° 0/2 , 1/2 83655. 11

4p® 5s(3 P5) 5d 5d 15° OH, IH 157380

4p«(>S)59p 59p *P° OH, 1H 38656. 39

4p® 5s(3 P?)5d 5d 16° OH, 1/2 157750

4p®(1 S) 60p 60p 2 P° OK, 1/2 88657. 55

4p® 5s(3 Pf)5rf bd 17° OH, iH 159070

4p«(, S)61p 61p 2 P° 0/2 , 1/2 88658. 69

4p® 5sOPi)6s 6s' 2 P° OH 159210 i7«n

4p®(1 S) 62p 62p 2 P° OH, 1/2 38659. 80 iH 160990

4p«(1 S)63p 63p 2 P° OH, 1H 83660. 82 4p® 5s(3 P2) 7s 7s 2 P° IHnu

159210

4p®(1 S) 64p 64p 2 P° OH, 1H 88661. 81

U/2 4p® 5s(3 P°)7s 7s 2H

4p6 ('S)65p 65p 2 P° OH, 1H 88662. 78 4p® 5s(3 P?)7s? IH? 160060 6770

4p® 5s(3 P5)7s? OH? 166880

4p®(1 S)66p 66p 2 P° OH, 1/2 88663. 68

4p® 5s(3 P2)6d 6d 18° OH, 1/2 161210

4p6 0S)67p 67p

2 P° OH, 1H 83664- 48

4p* 5s(3 P2)6d 6d 19° OH, iH 161450

4p®(1 S)68p 68p 2 P° OH, 1/2 83665. 28

4p® 5s(3 Pj)6d 6d 20° OH, IH 162820

4p«(1 S)69p 69p 2 P° OH, 1/2 83666. 04

4p® 5s(3 PS)7d 7d 21° OH, IH 162820

4p«(‘S)70p 70p 2 P° OH, 1/2 83666. 78

4p® 5s(3 P5)5d bd 22° OH, 1/2 163880

4p6

(

1 S)71p 71p 2 P° OH, 1/2 83667. 49

4p® 5s(3 P°)8s 8s <P° 2/2 4p«0S)72p 72p 2 P° OH, 1/2 88668. 11 4p® 5s(3 Pf)8s 1 /2 ? 163500

OH

4p®('S)73p 73p

2 P° OH, 1/2 88668. 79 4p® 5s(‘Pi) 5d bd' 23° OH, 1/2 164700

4p6

(

1 S) 74p 74p 2 P° OH, 1H 33669. 86

4p® 5sOPi)5d bd' 24° OH, 1 H 165080

4p6

(

1 S)75p 75p2 P° OK, 1/2 88670. 01 4p« 5s(1 Pf)5d bd' 25° OH, IH 166060

4p®('S)76p 76p *P° OH, 1H 88670. 61 4p® 5s(»Pi)7s 7s' 2 P° OH? 168180

4p®(1 S)77p 77p

2 P° OH, 1/2 38671. 07 m

Rb 11 (5s 3 P|) Limit 167040

Rb n (*So) Limit 33691. 02

Rb n (5s 3 Pi) 1 Limit 168570

4p*(3 Ps)5s2 5s2 2 P° 1H 123500 Aeon

4p®(1 Pf)5s2 OH 130820 Rb 11 (5s 3P§) Limit 175570

4p5 5s(3 P|)4d 4d 1° OH, 1/2 138780 Rb n (5s ! Pj) Limit 177160

June 1951.
184

Rb II

(Kr i sequence; 36 electrons) 7=37

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6

4^>

6 221852 cm-1

I. P. 27.5 volts

Laporte, Miller, and Sawyer have published a list of 102 classified lines extending from

697.04 A to 7698.57 A. They have utilized earlier data by Reinheimmer and Otsuka together

with their own additional observations. Their limit is from the ns 3 P2 ,i series (n= 5,6) fitted to a Rydberg formula. The higher limit given in the table has been obtained by adding to

their ionization limit the interval of the ground term of Rb in.

The author’s notation is entered in column one of the table. The writer has provisionally

assigned to the miscellaneous levels the pair-coupling notation, used in these volumes for

spectra of the inert gases. These assignments require further confirmation.

REFERENCES

O. Laporte, G. R. Miller, and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 38, 843 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 32, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) Rb II Rb II

Authors Config. Desig. J Level Authors Config. Desig. J Level

4p® % 4p® 4p« *S 0 0. 00 5p 7

,

4p5

(

2 Pon)5p 5p' im 1 163929. 47

5p 82 2 164972. 81 4d 1? 4pH2 PW4d 4d mr 1 126^53. 53 5p 9i n

5p' [03^] 1 165094. 55

4d 4o 0 138799. 56 5p 10o 0 167637. 30

4d 2\ // 4d [i y2 ]° 2 128693 70

4d 51 1 140615. 18 6s 3 P| 4p5 (

2 Pin)6s 6s [1J4]° 2 179740. 11

6s 3 Pf 1 180178. 33

4d 3| if 4d [2y2 ]° 2 136665. 21

3 4p5

(

2 Poj^) 6s 6s' [034]° 0

6s ! Pl 1 188622. 28

4d 6f, 3 4p*(2 P°*)4d 4d

r [2 y2 ]° 2

o 143027. 89

u

5d If 4p5

(2 Pf>i)5d 5d [034]° 1 184205. 27

4d 75

it 4d' [i y2 ]° 2 143960. 94 0

4d 8*,j 1 145630. 06

5d 3§ n 5d [334]° 3

A 185131. 62

5s 3 P5 4p5

(

2 Pf^)5s 5s [1341° 2 138347. 29

5s 3 Pf 1 134875. 14 5<2 22 a 5d [1?4]

0 2 184841- 65

5d 6f 1 187340. 87

5s 3 P0

° 4P

5

(

2 Poh)5s 5s' mr 0 141879. 24

5s iPf 1 143467. 00 5d 45 n 6d [234]° 2 185622. 53

5d 5§ 3 186010. 87

5p li 4p5

(2 PfH)5p 5

p

toy2 \ 1 154279. 25 5d 7f 4p5

(

2 Pon)5d 5d' [134]° 1 189006. 27

5d, 8f 2 2 192380. 15

5p 2 2 n 5P [234] 2 156742. 20

5p 33 3 156900. 72

5p 4i

tt 5p [m 1 158156. 66 Rb hi (

2 Pfn) Limit 221852

5p 5 2 2 158717. 04

Rb in (

2 Po«) Limit 229232

5p 6o a

5p [034] 0 161205. 13 May 1951.
Rb n Observed Levels*

185

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p« 3d10 4s2 +

Observed Terms

4p® 4p« iS

ns (n> 5)

4p5(2p°) na; / 5, 6s 3 P°

\ 5, 6s 3 P°

jl- Coupling Notation

Observed Pairs

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5) nd (n>4)

4p5

(

2 PlH)nx 5, 6s [iy2]° 5 p [014] 5p [2?4] 5p [l%]

4,5d [0>2 ]° 5d [3141

° 4,5d [iy2 ]° 4,5d [:

y2 ]°

4p*(2 P°ox)nx' 5, 6s' [0 y2 }° 5p' [m

5 p' [0 y2 \ 4d' [2'/2 ]° 4.5d' [1 y2 ]°

*For predicted levels in the spectra of the Kr i isoelectronic sequence, see Introduction.

Rb III (Br i sequence; 35 electrons) Z—37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p5 2 P°^

4p

5 2V°1H 320000 cm-1 I. P. 40 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Tomboulian has classified 30 lines of Rb hi in the region between 482 A and 815 A as due to transitions from the ground term to 11 higher terms.

He has estimated the value of the limit by extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCE

D. H. Tomboulian, Phys. Rev. 54, 350 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

Rb in Rb ill

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p5 4p5 2p° i X 0 -7380 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 D 1/2 173475

oy2 7880 2/

4s 4p6 4p6 2g oy2 130036 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 P 0/

1/2 177044

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d

4 D 3y2 2/2 4s2 4p4

(

! D)5s 5s' 2 D I /2 182963

1/2 0/

152353

154403 -2050 2/

4s2 4p4 (

3 D)4d 4d' 2 D 2/

4s2 4p4 200883 ( 3 P)5s 5s 4 P 2/ 1/

1/2 oy2 164507

168085 -35784s2 4p4

(

4 D)4d 4

d' 2 P 1/4 204104

0/

4s2 4p4

( 3 P)4d 4d 4 P 0/ 170423 424

1 0/ 207277 / 170847 4s2 4p4

(

! S)5s 5s" 2 S

2/

4s2 4p4

( 3P)5s 5s 2 P 1/4 0/

172045

175396

-3351 Rb iv (

3 P2) Limit [320000]

January 1951.
Rb m Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s* 2p8 3s* 3p« 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s* 4p® 4p6 apo

4s 4p# 4p«*S

ns (n> 5) nd (n>4)

4s* 4p4 (*P)nx

{

5s 4 P

5s *P

4d

4 P 4d 4D

4d *P 4d *D

4s* 4p4 pD)nx'

4s* 4p4 (

1 S)nx" 5s" *S

5s' *D 4d' *P 4d' *D

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see

Vol. ii, Introduction.

Rb IX

(Cu i sequence; 29 electrons) 37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

Q 3s2 3p8 3d10 4s 2So«

4s 2S0^ cm-1I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Mack has observed the principal doublet, as

follows:

I A Wave No. Desig.

583. 37

628. 62

171417

159078

48 *Soh— 4p *P!h

4s *Sqh— 4p *P8« REFERENCE

J. E. Mack, Phys. Rev. 38, 193 (L) (1931). (I P) (T) (C L)

March 1950. Rb x

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3pt 3d10 'So

3d10 U 2235100 cm"1 I. P. 277 volts

Edl6n has observed lines from the 3d10 —3cPnp(ft =4 , 5) and 3d10 —3cPnf (ft =4-6) configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, some lines from

each group are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Rb observed

between 50 A and 100 A.

From preliminary unpublished measurements he has derived provisional absolute term

values from the Rydberg ftjf-series. The terms in the table are from his manuscript. His

unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. EdlSn, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (I P) (T)
187

Rb X Rb X

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

3d10 3

10 »S 0 0 3d*(2D)5p 5p *D° 3

o

3d"(2D)4p 4p ip° 1 1028400 l 1568400

3d®(2D)4p 4p

3 D° 3

O

3d®(2 D)5/ 5/ >P° l 1788800

1 1081100 3d*(2 D)5/ 5f *D° 3

9 3d9 (*D)4/ 4/ 3po 2 i 1799200

1 1517200

0 3d®(2 D)6/ 6/ iP° i 1922800

3d9 (2D)4/ 4/ ip° 1 1527700 3d®(2D)6/ 4/ »D° 32 3d9 (

2D)4/ 4/ 3 D° 32

1 1985400

1 1548000

3d9 (

8D) 5p 5p ipo 1 1559600 Rb xi (

2D2h) Limit 2235100

August 1950.

Rb XI

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p® 3s2 3p

6 3d9 2D2^

3

9 2D2h cm-1

I. P. volts

Edlen has observed three lines due to the transition 3p* 3d9 2 D—

p

6 3

10 2P°. From preliminary unpublished measurements he has furnished the provisional term values quoted in

the table. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of the vacuum spark spectra of Rb observed between 50 A and 100 A.

Another group of lines from 3d9 —3d8 4p is also indicated in the figure.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Physica, 13, No. 9, 547 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (T)

Rb XI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p® 3d9 3d9 2 D 2/2 0 12300 -12300

3p5 3d10 3d10 2 P° iy2 oy

1028700

1101400 -72700

July 1950.
188

Rb XII

(Fe i sequence; 26 electrons) Z=37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3

d

8 3F4

3d8 3F4 cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed a group of lines due to terms from the 3d8 —3d7 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly

ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Rb observed between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above, by analogy with Ni in.

REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950. Rb xiil

(Mn i sequence; 25 electrons) Z=37

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4F4H

3d7 4F4H cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed a group of lines due to terms

from the 3d7 —3d6 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized

atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Rb observed

between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above, by analogy with Co hi.

REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950. Rb XIV

(Cr i sequence; 24 electrons) Z=37

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d6 5D4

3d6 5D4 cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed a group of lines due to terms from the 3d6 —3d5 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly

ionized atoms the fines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Rb observed between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above, by analogy with Fe hi.

REFERENCE

B. Edl4n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950.
189

STRONTIUM

Sri

38 electrons Z=38

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

& 3s2 3

d

10 4s2 4p

6 5s2 X S0

5s

2 lS« 45925.6 cm-1

I. P. 5.692 volts

The Sr i spectrum, like Ca i, has played an important part in the development of a satisfactory theory for atomic spectra. In addition to the “regular” series, terms involving two ex- cited electrons were found in Sr i as well as in Ca i, and were first discussed in the classical

paper by Russell and Saunders in 1925. White discusses these terms further in his paper on

“Auto-Ionization in the Alkaline Earth Metals and the Inert Gases.”

The regular series terms, i. e., those having the limit 2 S in Sr ii, have been taken from the

paper by Saunders, except for 5d X D2

. Other terms are from the papers by Russell and Saunders

and by Meggers. The writer has also had at her disposal Russell’s unpublished line list and

multiplet arrays. Sullivan has observed 102 Sr i lines with the interferometer. From these observations he

has improved a number of the term values. All of the three-place entries in the table, except

that of 6p

3 Pq; and the two-place values for the terms 6, 7, 10_p

X P

0

; 4, 5/ T0; 7, 8d

3D; and

4d2 3 P, are from his paper. The rest have been adjusted to these by the writer with the aid of

the best available line list. The resolution of the terms 6, 7/

3F° is dubious, owing to the inaccuracy of the existing wavelengths.

Although long series are well known, and all of the terms are well connected by observed

intersystem combinations, a number of Sr i lines remain unclassified, and many of the observed

lines should be remeasured. Humphreys has recently remeasured two lines, 20764.19 A and

20778.14 A, which are designated as 6s 3 S!— 6_p

3 Pq and 5d X D2 —4/ respectively. He

expects to extend the analysis from further observations in the far infrared. A monograph

containing a homogeneous list of lines and term values is seriously needed as soon as his work

is completed.

REFERENCES

F. Paschen und R. Gotze, Seriengesetze der Linienspektren, p. 83 (Julius Springer, Berlin, 1922). (T) (C L) A. Fowler, Report on Series in Line Spectra, p. 128 (Fleetway Press, London, 1922). (T) (C L)

F. A. Saunders, Astroph. J. 56, 73 (1922). (I P) (T) (C L) H. N. Russell and F. A. Saunders, Astroph. J. 61, 38 (1925). (I P) (T) (C L) H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 38, 2016 (1931)

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 679, RP558 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)

F. J. Sullivan, Univ. Pittsburgh Bull. 35 , No. 1, 1 (1938). (T) (C L)

J. F. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) C. J. Humphreys, unpublished material (April 1951). (C L)
190

Sri Sri

Gonfig. Desig. J Level Interval Gonfig. Desig. J Level Interval

5s2 5s2 *S 0 0. 000 5s (2S) 8p 8p 1 P° 1 41172. 16

5s(2 S)5p 5p 3 P° 012 US17. 520

14501 S51

14898. 568

186. 831

394. 212

5s(2S)5/ 5/ 3 F° 234

41864. 614

41865. 582

41366. 695

0. 918

1. 163

5s(2 S)4d 4d 3 D 123

18159. 056

18218. 795

18319. 267

59. 739

100. 472

5s(?S)5f

5s(2 S)7d

5/ ‘F0

7d »D 32

41518. 91 41831. 7

5s(2 S)4d 4d !D 2 20149. 700 5s(2S)7d 7d 2 D 1 41864. 40

4. 92 2 41869. 32

5s(2 S)5p 5p 2 P° 1 21698. 482 3 41874. 90 5. 58

5s(2 S)6s 6s 3 S 1 29038. 795 5s(2 S)9s 9s 33 1 42451. 2

5s(2 S)6s 6s 2 S 0 30591. 8 5s(2 S)9p 9p iP° 1 42462. 86

4d(2 D)5p 5p' 3 F° 2 38266. 872 322 852 5s(2S)9s 9s 2 S 0 42596. 0 34

33589. 724

33919. 330 329. 606

5s(2 S)6/ 6/ *f° 2 42776. 27

0. 4?

5p' 1. 6? >D° 3 42776. 67 4d(2 D)5p 2 83826. 927 4 42778. 155

5s(2 S)6p 6p 3 P° 0 33853. 516 14 817 5s(2 S)6/ 6/ 1 F° 3 42839. 4 12

33868. 833

83973. 081 104! 748

5s (2 S) 8d 8d iD 2 43020. 9

5s(2 S)6p 6p iP° 1 34098. 44 5s(2 S)8d 8d 3 D 1 43066. 7

3. 6

4. 46 2 43070. 31

5s(2S)5d 5d iD 2 34727. 483 3 43074. 77

5s(2S)5d 5d 3 D 123

35006. 943

35022. 015

35045. 055

15. 072

23. 040

5s(2S)10p

5s(2 S)10s

lOp ip°

10s 33 11

48827. 94

43427. 6 5p2 5P2 3 P 012

35193. 47

35400. 138

35674. 668

206. 67

274. 530

5s(2S)10s

5s(2S)7/

10s iS 7f 3F° 0

2,3

43512. 6 48624. 0

0. 5? 4 48624. 513

4d(2 D)5p 5p' 3 D° 1 86264. 181 117 588

5s(2 2 S)7/ 7/ iF° 3

86881. 769

86559. 514 177. 745 3 48656. 1 5s(2 S)9d 9d iD 2 43780. 6 5p2 5p2 !D 2 36960. 881

5s (2 S) 9d 9d 3D 1,2 43807. 8

4. 8 5p2 5p21 S 0 37160. 278 3 43812. 6

4d(2 D)5p 5

p' S P° 0 87292. 106 10 654 5s(2 S)llp lip iP° 1 48938. 26 12

87802. 760

37336. 616 33. 856

5s(2 S)lls 11s 2s 1 44043. 4

5s(2 S)7s 7s 3S 1 37424. 713 5s(2 S)lls 11s iS 0 44097. 1 4d(2 D) 5p 5

p' !F° 3 88008. 0 5s(2 S)8/ 8/ 2 f° 2,3,4 44171. 8

5s(2S)7s 7s iS 0 38444. 054 5s(2 S)8/ 8/ 1 F° 3 44190. 1

5s(2 S)4/ 4/ 3 f° 2 38750. 454 1 986 5s(2 S)10d lOd 3 D 1 44283. 8

3. 3?

12. 6 3 38752. 440 2. 759 2 44287. 1 4 88755. 199 3 44299. 7

5s(2 S)7p 7p

iP° 1 38906. 90 5s(2 S)12p 12p »P° 1 44865. 9

5s(2 S)7p 7p 3 P° 0 39411. 70S 14 768 5s(2 S)12s 12s *S 1 44457. 3 1 39436. 471

30. 938

4d* 4d2 2 89457. 409 *P 0 44525. 88

70. 09

133. 70

5s(2 S)4/ 4/ 1 F° 3 89539. 04 12

44595. 97

44729. 67

5s(2 S)6d 6d 3 D 1 39685. 903

4. 946 5s(2 S)9/ 9/ 3F° 2, 3,4 44544. 6 23 39690. 849

39703. 154 12. 305

5s(2 S)9/ 9/ 1 F° 3 44556. 1 5s(2 S)6d 6d iD 2 39733. 114

5s(2 S)lld lid 3 D 1 5s(2 S)8s 8s 3 S 1 40761. 440 23

44618. 4

44625. 1

6. 7

5s (2 S) 8s 8s *S 0 41052. 5 5s(2 S)13p 13p iP0 1 44675. 1
191

Sr I

Continued Sr I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

5«(2 S)10/ 10/ *F° 2, 3, 4 44809. 8 5s(2 S)12/ 12/ iF° 3 45160. 4

5*(2S)10/ 10/ 1 F° 3 44819. 1 5s(2 S)13/ 13/ *F° 2, 3, 4 45274. 1 5s(*S)12d 12d

3 D 1 5s(2 S)13/ 13/ iF° 3 45277. 9

2 44860. 0

4. 9

3 44864. 9 5s(2 S)15d 15d 3 D 1, 2,3 45287. 4

5*(2S)14p 14p !P° 1 44903. 5 5s(2 S)16d 16d 3 D 1, 2,3 45372. 6

5s (

2 S) 11/

5s(2 S)ll/

5s(2 S) 13d

11/ 3 F°

11/ »F° 13d 3 D

2, 3,4

3

45005. 6

45012. 0

45043. 9

Sr ii(2 Soh)

4d(2 D)6p

Limit 45925. 6

1, 2,3 6p' 3 F° 2 49409. 9

148. 4

107. 5

5s(2 S)12/ 12/ 3 F° 2, 3,4 45155. 6

3449558. 3

49665. 8

April 1951. Sr i Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p«+ Observed Terms

5«2 5s2 »S 4

2 4d2 »P

5p

2 /

5p2 3 P

1 Sp2 »S 5p2 l D

ns (n>5) np (n>5) nd (n> 4) nf (n> 4)

5s(2S)7ia /6-12s 3 S

\6-ll* 3S

5- Ip 3 P°

5-14p ip°

4-13, 15, 16d 3 D

4-9d iD

4r-13/ 3 F°

4-13/ 1 F°

4d(iD)nx'

{

5

p' *P° 5p' 3 D° 5, 6p' 3 F°

5

p' 1 D° 5p’ X F

0

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sr i isoelectronic sequence, see Yol. n, Introduction.

Sr n

(Rb i sequence; 37 electrons) Z—38

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s

2 4p6 5s 2S0H

5s 88964.0 cm-1

I. P. 11.027 volts

The analysis is from the paper by Saunders, Schneider, and Buckingham, who list 93

classified lines between 1482 A and 13124 A, including the infrared observations by Meggers

and by Randall, in addition to their own observations. Sullivan has observed 14 of these

lines with the interferometer, and derived improved term values for the six terms given to two

decimal places in the table. Brackets denote calculated values.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers, Bur. Std. J. Research 10, 679, RP 558 (1933). (C L)

F. A. Saunders, E. G. Schneider, and E. Buckingham, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 20, 291 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L)

H. Westmeyer, Zeit. Phys. 94, 590 (1935). (hfs) F. J. Sullivan, Univ. Pittsburgh Bull. 35, No. 1, 1 (1938). (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs)
192

Sr n Sr n

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p8

(

x S) 5s 5s 2 S oK 0. 00 4p8

(

x S)10s 10s 2 S OH 80701. 8 4p8

(

x S)4d 4d

2 D 1/2 14555. 90

280. 34 4p«(x S)9<2 9d 2 D 1 H 81240. 2

[8.8] 2K 14836. 24 2H [81249. 0] 4p8

(

x S)5p 5p 2 P° 0/2 ik

2S715. 24516. 65 801. 46 4p8

(

x S)8/ 8/ 2 F° / 2H

l 3H } 82005. 9

4p8 (

x S) 6s 6s 2 S OH 47736. 53

4p6

(

x S)7g 7g

2 G / 3H

\ 4/2 | 82090. 4 4p8

(

x S)5d 5d 2 D 1/2 53286. 31

86. 66 2K 53372. 97 4p8

(

x S) 11s 11s 2 S oh 82576. 1 4p8

(

x S)6p 6p 2 P° 0/2 55769. 7

288. 2 4p8

(

x S)10d lOd 2 D 2H 82951. 5 -2. 4 IK 56057. 9 1/2 82953. 9

4p8

(

x S)4/ 4/ 2 F° J 2K

l 3H } 60991. 7 4p6

(

x S)9/ 9/ 2 F° / 2H

\ 3H } 83472. 7

4p6

(

1 S)7s 7s 2 S 0/2 64964. 10 4p6

(

x S) 80 8g2 G / 3H

l 4H }

[83533.8]

4p6

(

1 S) 6d 6d 2 D IK 67522. 87

40. 28 2H 67563. 15 4p6

(

x S) 12s 12s 2 S OH 83879. 9 4p8 (

x S) 7p 7p 2 P° OH 68645. 2

148. 4 4p6

(

x S) lid lid 2 D 1/2 84142. 0 4.9

1/2 68793. 6 2H 84146. 9

4p8

(

x S)5/ 5/ 2 F° J 2H

l 3H } 71065. 8 4p8

(

x S) 10/ 10/ 2 F° / 2H

l 3H } 84521. 0

4p6 (

x S) 4<7 4(72 G / 3H

l 4H } 71357. 8 4p8

(

x S) 9^ 9g2 G { 3H

l 4H } 84567. 0

4p6

(

x S) 8s 8s 2 S OH 73237. 1 4p6

(

x S) 13s 13s 2 S OH 84819. 1 4p6 (

x S) 7d 7d

2 D 1/2 2H

74621. 3 74643. 1 21. 8 4p8

(

x S) 12d 12d 2 D / 1 %

l 2H } 85015. 5

4p8

(

x S) 8p 8p 2 P° OH

1H 75311. 8 4p8 (

x S) 11/ 11/ 2 F° / 2H

l 3H } 85294. 8

4p8

(

x S)6/ 6/ 2 F° / 2H

l 3H | 76553. 4 4p6 (

x S) 10^ 10g2 G f 3H

l 4H | 85330.

3

4p8 (

x S)5<7 5<?

2 G J 3H

l 4H } 76737. 7 4p8

(

x S)13d 13d 2 D f IK

l 2H } 85668. 8

4p6

( xS) 9s 9s 2 S oh 77857. 6 4p6 (

x S) 12/ 12/ 2 F° { 2H

l 3H | 85883.

9

4p8

(

x S)8d 8d 2 D 1/2 78688. 8

13. 6 2H 78702. 4 4p6

(

x S) 14d 14d 2 D / IK

l 2H } 86174. 6

4p8 (

x S)7/ 7y 2jr° J 2H

l 3H

; 3h

\ 4H

| 79861. 3

4p8

(

x S) 6g 6<7

2 G

} 79984. 3

Sr iii(x S0) Limit 88964. 0

March 1951.
Sr IT

193

(Br i sequence; 35 electrons) Z=38

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p5 2Pi^

4p5 2P^ 460000 cm"1 I. P. 57 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Tomboulian has classified 29 lines of Sr iv in the region between 367 A and 710 A as due to transitions from the ground term to 11 higher terms.

He has estimated the value of the limit by extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCE

D. H. Tomboulian, Phys. Rev. 54, 350 (1938). (I P) (T) (C L)

Sr IV Sr IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p

5 4p

5 2 P° 1 X 0 -9731 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5s 5s 4 P 2/

0x 9731 l /2 oy2 221149

225853 -4704

4s 4pB 4p6 2S oy2 150505

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5s 5s 2 P 1/2 232970 -5233

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d

4 D 3/

0/ 238203

2/

i X

o/

183305

186065 -2760

4s2 4p4

(

4 D)5s 5s' 2 D 1/2 2/

247616

4s2 4p4

(

4 D)4d 4d' 2 D 2x

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d

4 P oy2 209214 315 1/2 249646

1/4 209529

2y2 4s2 4p4

(

4 D)4d 4d' 2 P 1/2 253233

oy2 4s2 4p4

( 3 P)4d 4d *D 1/4 2/2 214345

4s2 4p4 (

1 S)5s 5s" 2 S oy2 271774

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 P 0y2 ix 218939 Sr v (3 P2) Limit 460000

February 1951.

Sr iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p

5 4p5 2p<>

4s 4p6 4p6 2S

ns (n > 5) nd (n> 4)

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)na; / 5s 4 P 4d

4 P 4d 4 D

{ 5s 2 P 4d 2 P 4d 2 D

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)nx' 5s' 2 D 4d' 2 P 4d' 2 D

4s2 4p4 (

1 S)na;" 5s" 2 S

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence,

see Vol. n, Introduction.
(Nil sequence; 28 electrons) Z=38

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 'So

3d10 'So 2613800 cm-1

I. P. 324 volts

Edl6n has observed lines from the 3d10 —3d9 np (n=4,5) and 3d10 —3d9 nj (71=4-6) configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, some lines from each

group are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Sr observed between

50 A and 100 A.

From preliminary unpublished measurements he has derived provisional absolute term

values from the Rydberg 7i/-series. The terms in the table are from his manuscript. His unit,

103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

.REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (I P) (T)

Sr XI Sr XI

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

3d10 3d10 »S 0 0 3d9

(

2 D)5p 5p 3D° 3

o 3d9

(2D)4p 4p 1 P° 1 1193900 i 1824800

3d®(2 D)4p 4p 3D° 3

o 3d9

(2 D)5/ 5/ iP° i 2067000

1 1203500 3d9 (

2D)5/ 5/ 3D° 3

9

3d9

(

2 D)4/ 4/ 3 P° 2 l 208640U

1 1743100

0 3d®(2 D)6/ 6/ ip° i 2236600

3d»(2D)4/ 4/ 3 P

0

1 1755900 3d9

(

2 D)6/ 6/ 3D° 3

9

3d9

(

2 D)4/ 4/ 3 D° 3

o

i 2251700

1 1781900

3d9

(

2 D)5p 5v1 P° 1 1814900 Sr xn (

2 D2^) Limit 2613800

August 1950. Sr XII (Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=38

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d9 2D2^

3d9 2D2* cm-1

I. P. volts

Edlen has observed three lines due to the transition 3p6 3d9 2D—3p5 3d10 2P°. From

preliminary unpublished measurements he has furnished the provisional term values quoted

in the table. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of the vaciiim spark spectra of Sr observed between 50 A and 100 A.

Another group of lines from 3d9 —3d8 4p is also indicated in the figure.

Edlen’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

.

REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (T)
195

Sr xn

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p6 3d9 3d9 2 D 2/2 1/2 0

14500 -14500

3v

5 3d10 3d10 2 P° 1/ 1086400 -85400 0/ 1171800

July 1950.

Sr XIII

(Fe i sequence; 26 electrons) Z—38

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

& 3s2 3p6 3d

8 3F4

3

8 3F4 cm-1

I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl6n has observed a group of lines due to terms from the 3d8 —3d7 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly

ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Sr observed between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above, by analogy with Ni hi.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950.

Sr XIV

(Mn i sequence; 25 electrons) Z=38

Ground state Is2 2s2 3s2 3 3

7 4F^

3d7 4F4^ cm-1I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edl&n has observed a group of lines due to terms from the 3d7 —3d6 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly

ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Sr observed between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above, by analogy with Co in.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950.
196

YTTRIUM

Yl

39 electrons Z=39

Ground state Is2 2s2 2_p

6 3s2 3p* 3d10 4s

2 4^?6 5

s

2 4:d 2D^

4:d 2Dj^ 52650 cm-1

I. P. 6.5 volts

The analysis is by Meggers and Russell, who have classified 448 lines in the interval

2332.58 A to 9494.81 A, based chiefly on observations of wave length by Meggers and of Zeeman

effect by Meggers and B. E. Moore. Observed intersystem combinations connect the doublet

and quartet systems of terms. Their limit is from the ns 2D(n=5,6), ns 4D(n=6,7),

ns

4F(ti== 5,6), and ns

4P(7i— 5,6) series represented by a Rydberg formula, with a Ritz correc- tion applied to take into account the error in limits derived from series of only two members.

The writer has changed the notation to agree with that used in the present volumes for

complex spectra. The notation of Meggers and Russell is given in the first column. In their

term table the J-values for z

2H should be interchanged. This correction has been made in

column one. McNally and Harrison have observed the Zeeman Effect of Y i at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology and derived the gr-values listed in the table from their own data combined with the earlier observations. In the course of this work they have adjusted the decimals of known levels to agree with their observed wave lengths, but have added no new analysis.

These revisions have been adopted in the table.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and H. N. Russell, Bur. Std. J. Research 2, 745, RP55 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (G D)

J. R. McNally, Jr., and G. R. Harrison, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 35, 584 (1945). (Z E) (T) (C L)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) Yl Yl

Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

a

2 D2 4d 5s2 a

2 D IK 0. 00

530. 36 0. 798 z

4 D( 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p z4 D° OK 16435. 80

161. 50

219. 30

299. 70

0. 01

a

2 D3 2K 530. 36 1. 196 z

4 D2 IK 16597. SO 1. 22

z

4 d; 2K 16816. 60 1. 38

3

2 Pi 5s2 (a iS)5p z2 P° OK 10529. 20

830. 50 0. 63 z

4 d; 3K 17116. SO 1. 42

z

2 P2 IK 11859. 70 1. 34 a

4 Fj

a

4 Fa 4d2 (a 3 F)5s a

4 F IK

2K

10937. 35

11078. 61

141. 26

199. 35

254. 17

0. 402

1. 033

aa

2 g5

2 g4 4d2 (a x G)5s a

2 G 4K

3K

18499. 30

18512. 46 -13. 16 1. 12

0. 90

a

4 Fi 3K 11277. 96 1. 242

a

4 f; 4K 11532. 13 1. 337 z4 P> 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p z

4 P° OK 18976. 30

51. 20

120. 50

z

4 P? IK 19027. 50

Z

4 F2 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p 24 F° IK 14949. 00

296. 80

466 60

0. 47 z

4 P3 2K 19148. 00 1. 49

2

4 F3 2K 15245. 80 1. 08

2

4 F4 2

4 F6 3K

4K

15712. 40

16234. 50 522. 10 1. 26

1. 33 a

a

2p; 2 p; 4d

2 (a 3 P)5s 02 P OK

IK

19237. 65

19406. 19 168. 54 1. 18?

1. 28?

a

4 P( 4d2 (a 3 P)5s a

4 P OK 15221. 81

107. 23

147. 65

2. 61 a

4 P2 IK 15329. 04 1. 62 z

2 F3 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p z2 F° 2K 21528. 60

386. 80 0. 854

a

4 P' 2K 15476. 69 1. 27 z

2 F4 3K 21915. 40 1. 148

a

2 F3 4d2 (a 3 F) 5s a2 F 2K 15326. 83

537. 52 1. 15 y

2 d; 4d 5s(a 4 D)5p y2 D° IK 241 81. 20

615. 40 0. 823

a

2 f; 3K 15864. 35 1. 17 y

2 d3 2K 24746. 60 1. 088

b

2 D2 4<22 (6 iD) 5s b

2 D IK 15994. 11

164. 8

0. 86 y

2 P2 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p y

2 P° IK 24480. 60 -218. 20 1. 302

b

2 D3 2K 16158. 9 1. 22 y

2 P1 ok 24698. 80 0. 674

2

2 Ds 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p 2

2 D° 2K 16066. 00 -80. 10

1. 203 y

2 F3 4d 5s(a *D)5p y

2 F° 2K 24518. 80

380. 70 0. 964

z

2 d; IK 16146. 10 0. 797 y

2 F4 3K 24899. 50 1. 147
197

Y I—Continued Y I—Continued

Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

X

2 Pi 4d 5s(a x D)5p x

2 P° oy 2782l 50

315. 10 0. 667 z

2 H5 4d2 (a x G)5p 2

2 H° 4 H 37588. 20

379. 00 0. 91 X

2 P2 iy 28189. 60 1. 324 z

2 h6 5H 87967. 20 1. 11

2

4 Gs 4d2 (a 3 F)5p 2

4 G° 2% 28694. 00

294. 90

375. 30

456. 20

0. 56 b

4 d4 4d 5s(a 3 D)5d /

4 D OH 38469. 9

73. 8

131. 7

190. 2

2

4 g;

3y

4/2 28988. 90

29861 20

1. 00

1. 18

b

b

4 d2

4 d3 1H

2H

38543. 7 38675. 4

1. 22

1. 08

z

4 g; 5h -29820. 40 1. 27 b

4 d4 3H 38865. 6 1. 34

b

4 f; 4d3 b

4 F 1H 29272. 0

148. 4

193. 4

228. 9

y

2 g; 4d2 (a x G)5p y2 G° 3H 38479. 00

117. 70 0. 89

b

4 F' 2

X4 29420. 4 y

2 g; 4H 38596. 70 1. 11

b

4 f; 3H 29613. 8

b

4 f; 4H 29842. 7 a

4 g3 4d 5s(a 3 D)5d e4 G 2H 38635. 5

126. 6

187. 5

273. 4

0. 73

a

4 g4 3H 38762. 1 1. 04

V

4 F2 4d2 (a 3 F)5p y

4 F° 1/2 31508. 40 171. 60

229. 20

278. 90

0. 402 a

4 G 5 4H 38949. 6 1. 16

y

4 Fs 2/2 81680. 00 1. 033 a

4 Ge 5H 39223. 0 1. 30

y

4 F4 3y2 81909. 20 1. 242

y

4 FS 4

x/2 82188. 10 1. 337 c

4 F2 4d 5s(a 3 D)5d e4 F 1H 39446. 3

118. 8

192. 7

205. 9

0. 57

c

4 F' 2H 39565. 1 1. 12 a

2 Si 5s2 (a X S) 6s e

2 S 0/2 31671. 5 2. 03 c4 f; 3H 39757. 8 1. 20

c

4 Fs 4H 39963. 7

b

4 P( 4d

3 b

4 P oh 31977. 5

113. 5

275. 3

b

4 P; 1/2 32091. 0 d

4 p; 4d 5s(a 3 D)5d /4 P OH

b *P'3 2H 32366. 3 d

4 p; 1H 40455. 1 62. 0 d

4 p; 2H 40517. 1 1. 52

a

4 Di 4d 5s(a 3 D)6s e GD 0/2 33148. 3

89. 6

173. 7

341. 2

0. 01 a

4 D2 F/2 33237. 9 1. 28 V2 ix 4

2 (a 3 P)5p 2 D° 1H 40636. SO

36. 10 a

4 D3 2H 33411. 6 1. 35 V

2 Dg 2H 40672. 40 1. 25

a

4 D4 3y2 33752. 8 1. 42

e

2 D2 5s2 (a X S)5d g

2 D 1H 42655. 6

414. 4

y

4 DI 4d2 (a 3 F)5p y

4 D° OH 83215. 40 49. 90

92. 30

256. 90

-0. 04 e

2 d3 2H 43070. 0

y

4 D2 1J4 33265. 80 1. 20

y

4 D3 2H 33357. 60 1. 38 b

2 Si 5fil S)5s? /

2 S OH 42685. 7

y

4 F>4 3/2 33614- 50 1. 40

V

2 F3 v

2 F° 2H 42857. 90

136. 90 4

2 ^a *G)5p

2

2 G; 4d2 (a 3 F)5p 2

2 G° 3H 33482. 30

356. 50 0. 91 V

2 f4 3H 42994. 80

2

2 Gg 4/2 83788. 80 1. 15 d

4 f; 4d

2 (a 2 Y)5d? f

4 F 1H 43095. 7

241. 9

366. 9

485. 8

x

2 F3 4d2 (a 3 F)5p x

2 F° 2H 33608. 20

421. 60 0. 985 d

4 Fa 2H 43337. 6 x

2 F4 3H 34029. 80 1. 17 d

4 F4 3H 43704. 5 1. 26

d

4 F' 4H 44190. 3 1. 33

b

2 p; 5p

2 (b 3 P) 5s? e

2 P OH 33613. 2

229. 2

0. 93

b

2 P'2 1/4 33842. 4 1. 36 c2 Sx 5

2 (a l S)7s g

2 S OH 43643. 6 x

2 D; 4d2 (a 3 F)5p x

2 D° F/2 33906. 80

340. 90 0. 826 e

4 f; 4

2 (a 3 F)6s g

4 F 1H

X

2 Da 2H 34247. 70 1. 186 c4 f; 2H 44052. 8?

313. 3

393. 5

e

4 f4 3H 44366. 1 c

4 p; 5p

2 (b 3 P)5s e

4 P OH 33911. 5

244. 4

365. 4

2. 58 e

4 F' 4H 44759. 6

C *?'

2 1H 34155. 9 1. 47

c

4 Pj 2H 34521. 3 1. 46 c4 D, 4d 5s(a 3 D)7s g

4 D OH

c

4 D2 1H

c

2 D2 5p2 (/

x D)5s? e2 D IH2 34231. 6

25. 8

0. 94? c

4 d3 2H 44654. 8 267

c

2 D3 2H 34257. 4 1. 34 c

4 d4 3H 44922

2

2 S( 4d2 (a 3P)5p 2

2 S° OH 34488. 20 1. 70 d

4 D, 5p2 (b 3 P)4

h

4 D OH 44660. 1 88. 2

260. 1 195. 6

d

4 D2 1H 44748. 3 x

4 DJ 4d2 (a 3 P)5p x

4 D° OH 35816. 70

319. 00

-74. 70

300. 30

0. 18 d

4 d3 2H 45008. 4

x

4 D2 1H 86135. 70 1. 94? d4 d4 3H 45204. 0

X

4 Da

x

4 d;

2H

3H

86061. 00

86361. 80

1. 34

1. 38 f

4 F' 5

p

2 (b 3 P)4

h

4 F l H 44742. 7?

326. 6?

319. 2

408. 0

0. 73 f

4 Fa 2H 45069. 3

d

2 D2 4d 5s(a 3 D)6s /

2 D 1H 36420. 6

10. 5

0. 90 f

4 F4 3H 45388. 5

d

2 D3 2H 36431. 1 1. 21 f

4 Fs 4H 45796. 5 1. 37 w 2 D2 W 2 T>3 4d2 (b x D)5p w 2 D° 1H

2H

36452. 30

36618. 50 166. 20 0. 861. 32 2 2 {%} 44984. 1

2

4 S' 4d2 (a 3 P)5p 2

4 S° 1H 86750. 80 3 3 3H 45663. 5 y

4 Pi y

4 P2 y

4 Ps

4d2 (a 3 P)5p y

4 P° OH

iy

2H

37039. 50

37148. 50

37476. 00

109. 00

327. 50

2. 28

1. 58

1. 45

c

c

2 Pi'

2 P; 5p2 (b 3 P)4df /

2 P oh

1H

45947. 5 45994. 2

46. 7

l l 2H 37074. 2 e

4 px

' 4

2 (a 3 P)6s g

4 P OH w 2 P2 W 2 P

4d2 (5 x D)5p w 2 P° 1H

OH

2H

37243. 89

37279. 30 -35. 41 1. 32

0. 60

e

e

4 Pa

4 Ps iy

2H 50254. 0 w 2 F3 w 2 F4 4d2 (6 x D)5p w 2 1

° 87412. 90

37619. 80 206. 90 0. 861. 14 Y 11 (

X 3H S0) Limit 52650

April 1951.
Yi

Observed

Terms*

198

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Yi

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
199

Yn

(Sri sequence; 38 electrons) Z=39

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 5s2

100000 cm-1

I. P. 12.4 volts

The analysis is by Meggers and Russell, who greatly extended the earlier work on Y ii. They have published 223 classified lines in the interval 2243.06 A to 8835.85 A, based on Meggers’ observations of wavelength and Zeeman effect. Observed intersystem combinations

connect the systems of terms of different multiplicity.

Their limit has been determined by applying a Rydberg formula to the 7ts-series terms

a,e

1,3 D and aj XS, (n— 5, 6); and an empirical correction to compensate for the error resulting

in limits from series of only two members.

Subsequently McNally and Harrison observed the Zeeman effect of Y n at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and determined values for all but one of the 61 known

energy levels. Their work confirms in great detail the 1929 analysis. In the course of this

work they have adjusted the decimals of the known levels to agree with their observations,

but have added no new levels. Their revised level values and ^-values are quoted in the table.

In 1937 Miss Ho observed the Y spectra with a hollow cathode discharge, and provisionally

suggested 39 miscellaneous levels of Y n based on the additional lines observed with this source. Since these levels are not fitted into the term array of Yu, they are not included in

the table, pending further confirmation of the new lines as observed with higher dispersion.

REFERENCES

W. F. Meggers and H. N. Russell, Bur. Std. J. Research 2, 737, RP55 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (G D)

P. G. Kruger and C. N. Challacombe, Phys. Rev. 48, 111 (L) (1935). (hfs) I-djen Ho, Dissertation, unpublished; see I. Ho and R. A. Sawyer, Phys. Rev. 51, 1020 (A) (1937).

J. R. McNally, Jr. and G. R. Harrison, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 35, 584 (1945). (Z E) (T)
200

Y II Y II

Authors

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Authors Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

a iS 5s2 a iS 0 0. 00 0/0 a

3 S 5s(2 S) 6s e

3 S 1 58262. 1 1. 99

a

3 D 4d(2 D)5s a 3 D 1 840. 18

204. 89

404. 68

0. 495 a

1 F

'

4d(2 D)5d e

! F 3 58532. 8 1. 02

2 1045. 07 1. 162

3 1449. 75 1. 332 c

3 D 4d(2 D)5d /

3 D 1 58719. 6

227. 0

380. 1

0. 58

2 58946. 6 1. 17

a X D 4d(2 D)5s a

X D 2 3296. 20 1. 000 3 59326. 7 1. 17

a

3 F' 4d2 a

3 F 2 8003. 12

324. 91

415. 30

0. 668 b

3 P' 5p2 e

3 P 0 58776. 3

371. 1 521. 9

0/0

3 8328. 03 1. 087 1 59147. 4 1. 49

4 8743. 33 1. 256 2 59669. 3 1. 38

a

3 P' 4da a 3 P 0 13883. 44

134. 86

79. 84

0/0 a

3 G 4d(*D)5d e

3 G 3 59179. 4

292. 7

428. 4

0. 90

1 14018. 24 1. 497 4 59472. 1 1. 06

2 14098. 08 1. 41 5 59900. 5 1. 22

b

X D 4d2 b

X D 2 14832. 89 1. 10 b is 4d(a D)5d e *S 0 59616. 0?

a X G 4d2 a

X G 4 15682. 91 0. 999 a X P' 4d(2 D)5d e *P 1 59715. 8 0. 99

2

3 P 5s(2 S)5p 2

3 P° 0 23U5. 05

331. 20

870. 89

0/0 d 1 D 4d(2 D)5d /

X D 2 60535. 1 1. 09

1 23776. 25 1. 489

2 24647. 14 1. 493 b

3 S 4d(a D)5c£ /

3 S 1 61199. 6 1. 97

2 >D' 4d(2 D)5p 2 >D° 2 26147. 27 0. 912 b

3 F' 4d(2 D)5d e

3 F 2 61336. 6

314. 2

283. 7

0. 69

3 61650. 8 1. 09

2

3 F 4d(2 D)5p 23 F° 2 27227. 00

305. 34

861. 83

0. 764 4 61934. 5 1. 26

3427532. 34

28394- 17

1. 082

1. 254 c iS 5s (2 S) 6s /

3 S 0 61367. 4 0/0

2

X P 4<2(2 D)5p 2 »P° 1 27516. 70 0. 910 e

X D 5s(2 S)5c£ g »D 2 62495. 2 0. 99

2

3 D' 4d(2 D)5p 23 D° 1 28595. 27

134. 75

483. 93

0. 596 b

X G 4d(2 D)5d e

X G 4 63350. 3 1. 00

2 28730. 02 1. 165

3 29213. 95 1. 333 c

3 P' 4d(2 D)5<2 /3 P 0 64102. 8

160. 4

333. 7

0/0

1 64263. 2 1. 50

y

3 P 4d(2 D)5p y3 P° 0 32048. 76

75. 31

159. 36

0/0 2 64596. 9 1. 48

1 32124. 07 1. 496

2 32283. 43 1. 494 d

3 D 5s(2 S) bd 9

3 D 1 65132. 0

56. 9

86. 0

0. 50

2 65188. 9 1. 16

2

X F 4d(2 D)5p 2

1 F° 3 33336. 74 0. 997 3 65274. 9 1. 37

y *P 5s(2 S)5p y 1P° 1 44568. 63 0. 998 /*D 5p

2 h *D 2 70223. 4 0. 99

b

3 D 4d(2 D)6s e3 D 1 54955. 2

77. 0

613. 0

0. 52

2 55032. 2 1. 12

3 55645. 2 1. 34 Y in (

2 D^) Limit 100000

c

X D 4d(2 D)6s e

X D 2 55724. 9 1. 05

May 1951.
Y ii Observed Terms*

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4p8 +

~

1 Observed Terms

5s2 a

X S

id2 { o

3 P

b

! D

a

3 F

o!G

op2 e

3 P

h iD

ns (n >5) np ( n >5)

4d(2 D)nx

{

a, e

3 D

a, e

X D

y

3 P°

z iP°

z

3 D° 2

3 F°

2 ’D° 2 IF0

os(2 S)?lx

fe 3 S IGS

z

3 P°

y

l P°

nd (n > 4)

4d(2 D)jf,r

f/ 3 S

\e !S /

3 P f3 D

e>P /!D

e

3 F

e

J F

e

3 G

e

X G

os(2 S)nx fi

<7 3 D

g iD

*For predicted terms in the spectrum of the Sr i isoelectronic sequence, see Yol. n, Introduction.

Y III

(Kb i sequence; 37 electrons) Z--39

Ground state Is2 2s2 2 p

6 3s2 3 p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d2DX ^

4d 2T>m 165289 cm-1

I. P. 20.5 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Twelve lines have been classified, in the interval between

989.21 A and 2945.92 A. The term values in the table are quoted from the paper by Meggers

and Kussell. They are based on the measurements by Meggers, except for the two ultraviolet

lines 989.21 A and 996.37 A from Bowen and Millikan.

Gibbs and White published Moseley diagrams for the os and 5p electrons of this isoelectronic sequence. Bowen and Millikan extended these diagrams to include 4d, 5d, and 4J electrons and showed that the 4d electron was the most firmly bound in Y hi. By comparison

with Kb i and Sr n they estimated the value of the 4/

2F° term and from this derived the limit

quoted here.

REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 12, 551 (1926). (C L)

I. S. Bowen and R. A. Millikan, Phys. Rev. 28, 923 (1926). (I P) (T) (C L)

W. F. Meggers and H. N. Russell, Bur. Std. J. Research 2, 735, RP55 (1929). (I P) (T) (C L)

J. R. McNally, Jr., and G. R. Harrison, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 35, 584 (1945). (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary his)
202

Y ill

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4p6

(

1 S)4d 4d 2 D 1/2 0. 0

724. 8

0. 79

2 H 724. 8 1. 22

4p«(1 S)5s 5s 2 S 0/2 7466. 2 2. 00

4p6 0S)5p 5p

2 P° 0/2 41401. 2

1553. 5

0. 66

1/ 42954. 7 1. 33

4p6

(

1 S) 6s 6s 2 S 0/2 86713. 9 4p6

(

x S) 5d 5d

2 D 1/2 88378. 8

198. 3

2/2 88577. 1

4p6

(

1 S)4/ 4/ 2 F° / 2/2

l 3/2 |

101090.0

Y iv OSo) Limit —

[165289]

March 1951. Y v

(Br i sequence; 35 electrons) Z=39

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4

s

2 4p5 2Pi^

4p

5 2Pi^ 620000 cm-1

I. P. 77 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Paul and Rense have classified 41 lines between 313 A and

629 A, as due to transitions from the ground term to 13 higher terms.

They have estimated the limit by extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCE

F. W. Paul and W. A. Rense, Phys. Rev. 56, 1110 (1939). (I P) (T) (C L)

Y y Y v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p6 4p

s 2p° IX 0 -12068 4s2 4p4

(

1 D)4d 4d' 2 D 2/ 289836 -7236 0/ 12068 IX 297072

4s 4p8 4

p« 2 S 0/ 170936 4s2 4p4 (

1 D)4d 4d' 2 F 3/2

2/2 291052

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d4 D 3/

2/ 202902 - 10352

-5862

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)5s 5s 2 P IX 296745 -9604

1/2 0y2 213254

219116

0/ 306349

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)4d 4d' 2 P 0H 299567 650 4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 4 P oh 247473 879

2054

1H 300217

1/2 248352

2/2 250406 4s2 4p4

(

4 D)5s 5s' 2 D 2H

1H

315430

317192 -1762

4s3 4p4

( 3 P)4d 4d 2 D 1 / 253678 9846 2/ 263524 4s2 4p4 (

1 S)4d 4d” 2 D 2H

1H 318885

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d2 P 0/

1 X

3/

2/

258518

258567 49

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 2 F Y vi (

3 P2) [Limit] [620000]

274254

4s2 4p4

(3 P)5s 5s 4 P 2/ 280932 -6273

-3706 IX 287205

oy2 290911

February 1951.
203

Y v Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p« 3d10 +

Observed Terms

4s2 4p6 4p

5 2po

4s 4p® 4p« 2g

ns (n> 5) nd (n> 4)

4s2 4p4

(

3 P)na;

f 5s 4 P

\ 5s 2 P

4d

4 P

4d 2 P

4d 4 D

4d 2 D 4d 2 F

4s2 4p4 (

x D) na;' 5s' 4d' 2 P 4d' 2 D 4d' 2 F

4s2 4p4

(

x S)nx" 4d" 2 D

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Y xii

(Ni i sequence; 28 electrons) Z=39

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p* 3s2 3

p

6 3d

10

3d10 X S0 3016800 cm-1 I. P. 374 volts

Edl6n has observed three lines from the 3d10 —3d0 np and 3d10 —3d? nj (n=4, 5) configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, two lines of the former

group are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Y observed between 50 A

and 100 A.

From preliminary unpublished measurements he has derived provisional absolute term

values from the Rydberg nf-series. The terms in the table are from his manuscript. His

unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (I P (T)

Y XII Y XII

Config. Desig. J Level Config. Desig. J Level

3d10 3d10 X S 0 0 3d9

(

2D)5p 5v

3D° 3

2 3d9

(2 D)4p 4p

X P° 1 1374600 1 2099500

3dfl (

2 D)4p 4p 3D° 3 3d9 (2D)5/ 5/ aD° 3 2 2

1 1886800 1 2388900

3d9

(

2 D)4/

3d9

(2D)4/

4/ X P°

4/ 3D°

1 1994800

3 Y xiii (

2D2h) Limit 3016800

2

1 2026800

3d9

(

2D)5p 5pX P° 1 2088600

August 1950.
204

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons)

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s

2 3p6 3d9 2D2^

Y XIII Z=39

3d9 2D2^ cm 1 I. P. volts

Edlen has observed three lines due to the transition 3p6 3d9 2D—3p5 3d10 2P°. From

preliminary unpubhshed measurements he has furnished the provisional term values quoted

in the table. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of the vacuum spark spectra of Y observed between 50 A and 100 A.

Another group of lines from 3d9 —3d8 4p is also indicated in the figure.

Edl6n’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (T)

Y XIII

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p6 3d9 3d9 2 D 2/2 1/2 0

17200 -17200

3p

5 3d10 3d10 2 P° 1/2 1U3600 -98800 0/ 1242400

July 1950. Y xiv

(Fe i sequence; 26 electrons) Z=39

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s

2 3p

6 3

d

8 3F4

3d8 3F4 cm-1I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed a group of fines due to terms from the 3d8 —3d7 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly

ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Y observed

between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above, by analogy with Ni hi.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950. Y XV

(Mn i sequence; 25 electrons) Z=39

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d7 4F^

3d7 4F4H cm-1I. P. volts

This spectrum has not been analyzed, but Edlen has observed a group of lines due to terms from the 3d7 —3d6 4p configurations. In figure 2 of his paper on the spectra of highly

ionized atoms, the lines are indicated on the photograph of vacuum spark spectra of Y observed between 50 A and 100 A.

The writer has assumed the ground state indicated above by analogy with Co hi.

REFERENCE

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 547 (1947).

February 1950.
205

ZIRCONIUM

Zr I

40 electrons Z—40

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3 p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 id2 5s2 3F2

a

3F2 56077 cm 1 I. P. 6.95 volts

The analysis is by Kiess and Mrs. Kiess, who have observed nearly 1600 lines in this

spectrum between 2088.89 A and 9276.94 A, and classified approximately 80 percent of them.

Meggers and Kiess have since extended the observations to 10738.94 A. Many of the terms

are confirmed by the Zeeman patterns, for which the observations by B. E. Moore as well as those of the authors were utilized.

Their limit is from a Rydberg representation of thews 3F and ns 5F series (w=5,6), the former

having the configuration 4d

2 5s(a 4F)ns, and the latter 4d?(b 4F)ns.

The singlet, triplet, and quintet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem

combinations.

Kiess has suggested that his published configuration assignment of the c

2D term in Zr ii be changed from 4d? to 4d 5s2

, and that the term d

2D remain unassigned. These changes

have been adopted here. Consequently, the three Zr i terms having the limit term d

2D in

Zr ii, q

3F°, o

3D°, and 13P°, do not appear in the array of observed terms following the table.

The observed gr-values are those given by Sancho except for seven pairs of levels affected

by (/-sharing, which are taken from Table 5 of the Kiess’ paper.

The detailed analysis of this complex spectrum presents another beautiful confirmation of

Hund’s theory of line spectra and atomic structure. REFERENCES

C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 6, 621, RP296 (1931). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (E D)

W. F. Meggers and C. C. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 9, ,324, RP473 (1932). (C L)

P. M. Sancho, Anal. Soc. Esp. de Fisica y Quimica (Madrid) 30, 867 (1932). (Z E)

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) Zr I Zr I

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d? 5s2 a 3 F 2

3

0. 00

570. 41 570. 41

670. 43

0. 66

1. 06

4d3 (a 2 G)5s a

3 G 3

4

12503. 44

12760. 66 257. 22

12. 12

0. 78

1. 15 4 1240. 84 1. 24 5 12772. 78 1. 20

4<P 5s2 a 3 P 2 4186. 11 -190. 17

179. 43

1. 25 4d? 5s2 a

4 S 0 13141. 76

1 4376. 28 1. 48

0 4196. 85 0. 00 4d3 (6 2 D)5s a 3 D 1 14123. 01

225. 77

348. 25

0. 61

4(i3 (6 4 F)5s a

5 F 12

3

4870. 53

5023. 41

5249. 07

152. 88

225. 66

291. 47

348. 39

0. 00

0. 98

1. 28

2

3

14348. 78

14697. 03

1. 17

1. 35

4 5540. 54 1. 31 4d2 5s(a 4 F)5p z

6 G° 2 14783. 54 417 72 0. 43

5 5888. 93 1. 37 3 15201. 26

519. 10

596. 60

661. 33

1. 09

4 15720. 36 1. 12

.» r; £,.3 a *D 2 5101. 68 1. 25 5 16316. 96 1. 28

6 16978. 29 1. 36

a 4 8057. 30 1. 00

4d\b 4 P)5s a

5 P 12

3

10885. 36

11016. 65

11258. 38

131. 29

241. 73

2. 50

1. 82

1. 66

4eP(a 3H)5s a

3 II 4

5

6

14791. 28

14988. 51

15119. 66

197. 23

131. 15

0. 77

1. 03

1. 15

4d3 (6 4 F)5s b

3 F 2 11640. 72

315. 61

386. 04

0. 75 4d3 (b 2 F)5s c

3 F 2 15146. 48

310. 92

242. 46 34

11956. 33

12342. 37

1. 05

1. 15

34

15457. 40

15699. 86 1
206

Zr I—Continued Zr I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d3 (6 4 P)5s 6

3 P 0 4cP(6 4 F)5p y3 G° 3 25729. 96

281. 59

422. 17

0. 82

1 4 26011. 55 1. 05

2 15932. 10 1. 46 5 26433. 72 1. 15 4

d

2 5s (a 4 F)5p z

3 F° 2 16296. 51 fid 7 dO 0. 67 4d2 5s (a 2 D)5p z3 F° 2 26061. 70

382. 18

494. 54

0. 67

3 16848. 98

712. 33 1. 08 3 26443. 88 1. 06

4 17566. 26 1. 23 4 26938. 42 1. 13

4

d

2 5s (a 4 F)5p z

6 F° 1 16786. 93 272 68 0. 30 4

d

2 5s (a 2 P)5p z 3 D° 1 26154- 13

403. 08

553. 95

0. 49

2 17059. 61

362. 56

410. 56

444. 19

0. 95 2 26557. 21 1. 15 3 17482. 17 1. 25 3 27111. 16 1. 33

4 17832. 78 1. 35

5 18276. 92 1. 40 4d?(Jb 2 D)5p z ! F° 3 26226. 97 1. 00

4d3 (6 2 P) 5s c

3 P 2 17142. 72 82 90 4d3 (6 4 F)5p w 3 D° 1 26902. 45 219. 51

360. 30

0. 50

10

17059. 82

17321. 52 -261. 70 2

3

27121. 96

27482. 26

1. 14

1. 31

4d*(6 2 D)5s b

4 D 2 17228. 42 4d2 5s (a 2 F)5p z1 G° 4 26931. 85 1. 13 4d2 5s (a 4 F)5p z

3 D° 1 17489. 86

383. 78

429. 92

0. 42 4d3 (b 2 D)5p z 1 D° 2 27515. 38

2 17818. 64 1. 09

3 18248. 56 1. 32 4d2 5s (a 4 P)5p y

3 P° 0 27600. 24 -27. 72

100. 83

0. 00

1 27572. 52 1. 47

4d2 5s (a 2 D)5p z

1 D° 2 17511. 78 0. 96 2 27673. 35 1. 45

4d3 (a 2 G)5s b iG 4 17752. 73 1. 00 4d* 5s(a 2 F)5p w 3 F° 2 27876. 16

281. 26

370. 94

0. 70

3 28157. 42 1. 03

4cP(a 2 H)5s a ‘H 5 18738. 94 1. 02 4 28528. 86 1. 15 4d2 5s (a 4 F)5p z

5 D° 0 18976. 86 120 17 0. 00 4d3 (a 2 G)5p z3 H° 4 27908. 28

303. 54

396. 80

0. 78

1 19096. 58

227. 31

301. 74

208. 20

1. 55 5 28211. 82 1. 00

2 19323. 84 1. 45 6 28608. 62 1. 18 3 19625. 58 1. 50

4 19838. 78 1. 49 4d2 5s (a 2 F)5p z 3 G° 3 28404- 26

345. 54

251. 85

0. 79

4 28749. 80 1. 15

4d« 5s (a 2 P)5p z

3 P° 0 20233. 97

285. 23

-52. 37

0. 00 5 29001. 65 1. 21

1 20519. 20 1. 51

2 20466. 88 1. 47 4cP(b 4 F)5p y

5 F° 1 28446. 92

148. 11

222. 99

304. 69

412. 77

77. 13

199. 69

0. 00

2 28595. 03 1. 03

4d4 a ®D 0 21726. 28

74. 93

142. 53

201. 57

252. 69

3 28818. 02 1. 22

12

34

21801. 21

21943. 74

22145. 31 22398. 00 4d2 5s (a 2 D)5p z

3 P°

4

5

0

29122. 71 29535. 48

28632. 75

1. 33

1. 37

0. 00

1 28709. 88 1. 45

4

d

2 5s (a 4 F)5p z

3 G° 3 21849. 33 OQd 7f\ 0. 75 2 28909. 57 1. 50

4 22144 08

419. 81

1. 03

4d2 5s (a 2 D)5p v 5 22563. 89 1. 21 3 D° 1 28800. 51

257. 33

216. 98

0. 75

2 29057. 84 1. 16 4d2 5s (a 2 P)5p z

3 S° 1 21974 18 2. 01 3 29274. 82 1. 31 4d2 5s (a 2 P)5p y >D° 2 22750. 53 1. 09 4d2 5s(a 2 D)5p z iP° 1 28999. 46 0. 75

4

d

2 5s (a 2 D)5p z >F° 3 22862. 02 0. 90 4d?(b 4 F)5p z

5 D° 0 29588. 07

89. 07

170. 35

239. 84

297. 17

0. 00

4d2 5s (a 4 P)5p V

3 D° 12

3

28018. 92

23819. 86

23660. 97

300. 94

341. 11

0. 52

1. 14

1. 28

12

34

29677. 14

29847. 49

30087. S3

30384 50

1. 48

1. 54

1. 48

1. 46

4d2 5s (a 4 P)5p z

5 S° 2 23085. 06

4d2 5s (a 4 P)5p y

5 D° 0 23122. 29 124. 04 4d3 (a 2 G)5p y 4 31050. 48 1. 01

12

34

23246. 88

23489. 48

23889. 08

24376. 37

243. 10

399. 60

487. 34

1. 45

4d?(b 2 F)5p w 3 G° 34

5

31326. 81

31694- 52

32152. 16

367. 71

457. 64

0. 75

1. 04

1. 20

4d3 (6 4 F)5p y

3 F° 2 22597. 47 -30. 35

1. 08

4

d

2 5s(a 4 P)5p y

3 S° 1 31850. 77

3423567. 12

24006. 30

439. 18 4d2 5s (a 2 P)5p v ‘P0 1 32722. 80

4d2 5s (a 2 F)5p y IF0 3 24387. 52 1. 01 4d3 (6 2 F) 5p v

3 F° 2 32972. SO

219. 56

4d 496. 37 2 5s (a 4 P)5p z ®P° 12 25489. 87

25645. 97 156. 10

3433191. 86

33688. 23

1. 08

1. 08

3 25898. 16 252. 19

1. 65

4d3 (6 4 F)5p y

5 G° 2 25680. 48 0. 34 341 23

4d?(b 4 P)5p z

3 S° 1 33113. 80 1. 93

3 25971. 71

370. 82

423 13

0. 93

4 26342. 53 1. 13 4d3 (6 2 D)5p u 3 F° 2 33163. 98

256. 49

138. 87

0. 70

5 26765. 66

449. 23 1. 24 3 33420. 47 1. 06

6 27214 89 1. 32 1 4 33559. 34 1. 24
207

Zr I—Continued Zr I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d?(b 4 P)5

p

u>

5 D° 0 SSS43. 56 95 31 0. 00 id? 5s (b 2 G)5p u 3 G° 3 39389. 29

544. 85

244. 30

1 5344^. 37 187 61 1. 52 4 39934- 14 1. 05

2 SS682. 43 279 61 1. 51 5 40178. 44 1. 13

3 33912. 09

375. 40 1. 49

4 3^287. 49 1. 51 4d?(b 2 D)5p X IP0 1 89704. 10

4d? 5s(a 2 F)5

p

u 3 D° 1 33486. 82 277 30 0. 62 4d?(b 2 D)5p r

3 D° 1 2

3 33764- 12

34239. 82 475. 70 1. 10

1. 35

2

3 89766. 47

40346. 35 579. 88

1. 29

id? 5s (b 2 G)5p z

! H° 5 33839. 20 1. 03 4^(0 2 G)5p v

1 F° 3 39803. 73

id? (a 2H)5p y

3 H° 4 3U50. 60 0. 80 4d3 (a 2 G)5p y 5 89855. 22 1. 02

5 34705. 90

429. 17 1. 02

6 35135. 07 1. 16 id? 5s (a *F)5d e

6H 3

id?{b 4 P)5p y

5 P° 1 34617. 00 144 52 2. 46

4

5 39936. 70

40637. 05 700. 35

806. 48

643. 29

1. 07

2

3 34761. 52

85090. 90 329. 38 1. 421. 66

6

7

41443. 53

42086. 82 1. 36

id 5s2 (c 2 D)5p w 1 D° 2 84850. 96 1. 42 id 5s2 (d 2 D)5p t 3 P° 0 40586. 88

437. 56

813. 68

id? 5s(a 4 F)6s e

5 F 1 35046. 95

163. 35

265. 77 384 76

12

40978. 94

41787. 62

2 35210. 30 1. 26

3 35476. 07 1. 23 id?{Jb 2 F)5p v

1 D° 2 40557. 65

4 35860. 83

499. 37 1. 35

5 36360. 20 1. 40 id?(b 4 F)6s /

3F 1O 4^(6 4 P) 5p w 3 P° 0 3 40653. 41

196. 29

218. 30

12 35205. 52

85456. 25 250. 73

1. 45

4

5 40849. 70

41068. 00

id? 5s (6 2 G)5p t 3 F° 2 35514. 53 291 10

0. 69 4d? 5s (a 4 F)5<2 e «G 2 40660. 65

226. 96

291. 69

358. 93

402. 63

3 85805. 63

195. 72

391. 36

-20. 18

1. 00 3 40887. 61 1. 09

id? (a 2 H)5p z

3 I°

4

5

36001. 85

35781. 67

1. 22

0. 82

4

5

6

41179. 30

41538. 23

41940. 86

1. 07

1. 41

6 86178. 03 1. 02

7 36152. 85 1. 13 id 5s2 (c 2 D)5p w >P° 1 40931. 60

4d?(b 4 P)5p y

5S° 2 35990. 21 2. 01 id? (a 2 H)5p w 1 G° 4 41319. 96 0. 99

4<i3 (6 2 D)5p V

3 P° 0 36034. 54 454 56 4^(0 2 H)5p l3 G° 3 42102. 56

169. 85

562. 55

1 36489. 10

519. 30

1. 55

4 42272. 41

2 37008. 40 5 42834. 96

4d?(b 4 P)5

p

t 3 D° 1 86125. 16 169 71 0. 45 id 5s2 (c 2 D)5p q

3 D° 1 42296. 80

136. 85

365. 55

2 86294. 87 -74. 42 1. 16 2 42433. 65

3 86220. 45 1. 28 3 42799. 20 1. 35

id? 5s(6 2 G)5p 2 1G° 4 36336. 48 1. 15 id3 (a 2 H)5p x 1 H° 5 42809. 29

id 5

2 (c 2 D)5p u 3 P° 0

12

36588. 27

36970. 65

37450. 23

432. 38

479. 58

id 5s? (d 2 D)5p q

3 F° 2

34

42706. 00

43268. 24

43276. 00

562. 24

7. 76 4d2 5s (b 2 G)5

p

2

3H° 4

5 86608. 41 86597. 48 - 10. 93

243. 11

0. 82

1. 04 id3 (b 2 P)5p w 3 S° 1 43182. 96

6 36840. 59 1. 13 4d?(b 2 P)5p s

3 P° 0 4d 5s2 (c 2 D)5p w iF° 3 36759. 90 0. 87

0. 87

12 44882. 30

45017. 13

134. 83

4d3(a 2 G)5p v

3 G° 3

4

5

86941. 65

37229. 54

87422. 36

287. 89

192. 82

1. 02

1. 18

id?(b 2 P)5p p

3 D° 12

3

45405. 30

45587. 62

45710. 29

182. 32

122. 67

4cP(a 2 G)5p s

3 F° 2 37123. 42 345. 45

452. 09

0. 71

id? 5p

2 /

s c 2 45798. 48

3 37468. 87 1. 11 3 46195. 15 396. 67

4 37920. 96 1. 26 4 46641. 42 446. 27

4<22 5s (a 4 F) 6s e

3 F 2

34

37459. 60

37701. 08

38101. 09

241. 48

400. 01

1. 02

1. 25 id?(b 2 F)5p u 4 F°

5

6

3

47134. 50

47698. 29

46328. 16

493. 08

563. 79

id?(b 2 F)5p s

3 D° 1 38270. 81 id 5s2 (d 2 D)5p 0

3 D° 1 47765. 56

368. 08

579. 80 2 38326. 72 55. 91 1. 41 2 48133. 64

3 88485. 88 109. 16 1. 00 3 48713. 44

4d?(a 2 H)5p z

4 I° 6 88475. 82 id2 5s (a 2S)5p v >P0

1 51899. 40

id 5

2 (c 2 D)5p r

3 F° 2 38566. 00

315. 80

3 38881. 80 1. 26

292. 64 4 39174- 44 Zr n (

4 F1H) Limit 56077

May 1951.
Zri

Observed

Terms

208 *

For

predicted

terms

in

the

spectra

of

the

Zri

isoelectronic

sequence,

see

Vol.

n,

Introduction.
Zr II

209

(Y i sequence; 39 electrons) Z—40

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s

2 4_p6 4d2 5s 4Fj^

a

4F^ 113175 cm"1 I. P. 14.03 volts

The analysis is by Kiess and Mrs. Kiess, whose line list extends from 1743.53 to 6787.15 A,

includes 735 classified lines, and gives observed and theoretical Zeeman patterns. The

terms of different multiplicities are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

Their value of the limit is based on the four pairs of series terms involving 5s and 6s electrons, and is derived by using a Rydberg formula.

C. C. Kiess has recently revised the configuration assignments of b

2D, c

2D, and d

2D as given in the table. On theoretical grounds, Ufford suggests that these configurations be interchanged as follows:

Term C. C. Kiess Ufford

b

2D 4d

3 4d 5s

2

c 2D 4d 5s

2 4d3

d

2 D Unassigned Unassigned

The observed g- values are from three sources : those for 2

4F°H and y

2F°2 ^

are from the

Kiess paper. All other three-place entries are from unpublished material by Miss Weeks

furnished especially for inclusion here. These are from films of spectrograms taken with the

Bitter magnet at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The rest are quoted from the

paper by Sancho.

REFERENCES

C. C. Kiess and H. K. Kiess, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 1205, RP255 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E) (G D)

P. M. Sancho, An. Soc. Espanola Fis. y Quim. 30, 874 (1932). (Z E)

C. W. Ufford, Phys. Rev. 44, 732 (1933). D. W. Weeks, unpublished material (February 1950). (Z E)

Zr II Zr II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs.^

4d2 (o 3 F) 5s a

4 F VA 0. 00

314. 67

448. 77

559. 47

0. 398 4<23 a

2 G 3/2 7837. 74

315. 06 0. 887

2/2 314. 67 1. 023 4/2 8152. 80 1. 107

3% 763. 44 1. 235

4)/2 1322. 91 1. 324 4d

3 b4 P O/2 9553. 10

189. 70

225. 85

2. 649 W2 9742. 80 1. 721

4cP b

4 F 1/2 2572. 21

322. 84

404. 59

458. 02

0. 413 2/2 9968. 65 1. 593

2/2 2895. 05 1. 025

3/2 3299. 64 1. 227 4d

3 a

2 H 4/2 11984. 46

375. 20 0. 910

4/2 3757. 66 1. 326 5y2 12359. 66 1. 091

4d?(a 1 D)5s a 2 D U/2 4248. 30

257. 20 0. 812 4d3 b

2 D U/2 13428. 50

734. 40 0. 800

2/2 4505. 50 1. 172 2/2 14162. 90 1. 209

4d2 (a 3 P)5s a

2 P 0/2

ltf 5724. 38

6111. 70 387. 32 0. 6901. 304 4<i2

(

1 G) 5s b2 G 3)/ 4H

14059. 76

14190. 45 130. 69 0. 890

1. 103

4d2 (o 3 F)5s a

2 F 2/2 5752. 92

714. 69 0. 883

3/2 6467. 61 1. 144 4d 5s2 c

2 D I /2 14298. 64

434. 73 0. 807

2 y2 14733. 37 1. 188

4cP(a 3 P)5s a

4 P oy2 7512. 67 223. 35

322. 14

2. 656

1/2 7736. 02 1. 720 d

2 D 1/2 17614. 00

782. 54

2/2 8058. 16 1. 585 2/2 18396. 54
210

Zr IIContinued Zr II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. <7

4<F b

2 F 3 /2 19433. 24

81. 60 1. 153 4d2(aiD)5p x 2 F° 3/ 42504. 11 -356. 61 1. 134

2X 19514. 84 0. 855 2/ 42860. 72 0. 887

4<P b

2 P oy2 19613. 54

466. 76 0. 514 4d2 (a 3 P)5p y

4 P° oy2 42789. 24 104. 30

308. 91

2. 632

1 H 20080. 30 1. 326 1 / 42898. 54 1. 710

oy2 2H 43202. 45 1. 561

4<22 (

X S) 5s a

2 S 25201. 57 1. 990

2H

4dt 5s (a x D)5p w l D° 1 % 45054- 87

131. 18 0. 870

4<22 (o 3 F)5p 2

4 G° 27988. 88

925. 21

930. 83

955. 87

0. 664 2/2 45186. 05 1. 226

3y2 28909. 04 0. 998

4H 29839. 87 1 . 164 4d2 (

1 S) 5p x2 P° 1 H 45568. 21 -375. 79 1. 14

5/2 80795. 74 1 . 275 0/2 45944- 00 0. 724

4<P(a *F)5p 2

2 F° 234 29504. 97

1056. 78 0. 841 4d 5s(a x D)5p w 2 F° 2/2 47881. 88

463. 03 0. 871

3/ 30561. 75 1. 132 3/ 48344 91 1. 142

4d/a 3 F)5p 2

4 F° i /2 29777. 60 773 88 0. 700 4d 5s (a x D)5p w 2 P° 0/2 52585. 80

291. 00 0. 659

2

1/2 30551. 48 697. 80

617. 21

1. 046 iy2 52876. 80 1. 318

3% 31249. 28 1. 238

4/2 31866. 49 1. 321 4d 5s (a 3 D)5p v

2 D° 1 /

2/

55835. 53

56569. 44

733. 91

1. 16 4d2 (a 3 F)5p 2

2 D° i /2 30435. 38

724. 66 0. 589

2/ 31160. 04 1. 117 4d 5s(a 3 D)5p v

2 F° 2/2 3/

57062. 00

57741. 16 679. 16

1. 24

4d2 (a 3 F)5p 2

4 D° o/2 31981. 25

275. 46

358 00

0. 016

82256. 71 1 . 166 4d 5s (a 3 D)5p v

2 P° oy2 6O8I4. 50

1047. 40 2H 82614- 71

284. 75 1. 342 1 y2 61861. 90

3/2 32899. 46 1. 408

4cP(a 3 F) 6s e

4 F i /2 63602. 64

265. 81

499. 83

533. 43

4cP(a 3 P)5p y

2 D° i /2 82983. 73

435. 72 0. 810 2/ 63868. 45 1. 11

2/2 33419. 45 1. 195 a/2 64368. 28 1. 205

4/2 64901. 71 1. 274

4d2 (a *F)5p 2

2 G° sy2 34485. 4^ 700. 22 0. 889

4y 35185. 64 1. 109 4cP(a 3F)6s e

2 F 2/

3x

65872. 41

66192. 68 320. 27

1. 18 4d2 (a *P)5p 2

2 S° 0/ 34810. 03 1. 956

4d?(a x D)6s e

2 D 1 H 66686. 25

182. 10 4d2 (a x D)5p 2

2 P° 1/2 35914. 81 -281. 76 1. 340 2/2 66868. 35 1. 14 oy 36196. 57 0. 610

4d2

(

x G)6s e

2 G 3/ 69116. 70

166. 68

4;d?(a 3 P)5p y

4 D° oy2 36287. 04 401 46 0. 144 4/ 69283. 38

iy 36638. 50

532. 72

870. 27

1. 038

2/ 87171. 22 1. 140 4d2 (a 3 F)5d /

2 F 2/ 73852. 95

643. 85

3/2 38041. 49 1. 306 3/ 74496. 80

4d 5s(a *D)5p y

4 F° iy 36451. 79 417 21 0. 579 4d?(a 3 F)5d /

4F 1/2 74611. 28

732. 29

665. 48

584. 53

2H 36869. 00

560. 76

1214. 36

1. 091 2/ 75343. 57

3y

4/2 37429. 76

88644- 12

1. 266

1. 321

3/

4/

76009. 05

76593. 58

4cP (

1 G)5p y

2 F° 2/2 87346. 81

441. 28 0. 975 4d2

(

x G)5d e2 I 5/ 76395. 50

443. 20 0. 999

3/2 87787. 59 1. 212 6/ 76838. 70 1. 081

4rf2(a 3 P)5p 2

4 S° l/2 37681. 75 1. 908 4d2

(

x G)5d e2H 4/

5/

77743. 00

78280. 90 537. 90

1. 073

4d 5s (a *D)5p 2

4 P° O/2 38068. 40 70. 10

349. 14

2. 448

l/2 38133. 50 1. 734 4cP(a *F)5d e

4H 3/ 78577. 85

269. 82

350. 68

81. 95

2/ 38482. 64 1. 606 4/ 78847. 67

5/ 79198. 35

4d 5s (a *D)5p *

4 D° O/2 38934. 37 257 98 0. 055 6/2 79280. 30

I/2 39192. 35

447. 73

598. 47

1. 209

2/ 39640. 08 1. 370 4d2

(

1 G)5eZ /

2 G 3/ 79624. 60

686. 94 3/ 40238. 55 1. 408 4/ 80311. 54

4d*(o *P)5p y

2 P° oy2 i /2 40727. 26

41337. 36 610. 10 0. 677

1. 326 4cP(a 3 F) 5d g

2 G 3/

4/

83221. 45

83547. 45 326. 00

4d2

(

x G)5p y

2 G° 3/ 40852. 74

25. 51

0. 915

4/2 40878. 25 1. 083 4cP(a 3 F)5d /

2 H 4/

5/

90986. 50

91737. 40 750. 90

4d2(a x D)5p x 2 D° iy2 41467. 72

209. 10 0. 821

2/ 41676. 82 1. 184

4d2

(

x G)5p 2

2 H° 4/

5/2 41788. 21

42409. 93 671. 72 0. 954

1. 080 Zr hi (»F2) Limit 113175

April 1951.
211

3

T3O

o>

3

O’©

0) XJ

T3

a;

TJ©

O

*
212

Zr ill (Sr i sequence; 38 electrons) Z—40

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3

p

6 3d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d2 3F2 u

3F2 200000 ± cm-1

I. P. 24.8 volts

Kiess has revised the earlier work by himself and Lang, especially for inclusion here, and

he has further analysis in progress. The observations extend from 732 A to 3497 A, and the

total number of classified lines is about 200. Observed intersystem combinations connect the

singlet and triplet series of terms.

His value of the limit quoted here is provisional, since it has been derived by the application of a Rydberg formula to the nd 3F and nd *D series (n=4,5).

The observed ^-values are from plates and films furnished by Harrison at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Kiess has examined the plates and Miss Weeks the films;

both have contributed to the values quoted here.

REFERENCES

C. C. Kiess and R. J. Lang, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 309, RP 202 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (G D)

D. W. Weeks, unpublished material (March 1951). (Z E)

C. C. Kiess, unpublished material (1951). (I P) (T) (C L) (Z E)

Zr III Zr III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d2 a

3 F 2 0. 00

681. 0

805. 4

4d(2 D)5d e

3 D 1 105006. 9 314 0

3

4

681. 0

1486. 4 23

105320. 9 106300. 8

979. 9

4d

2 a

X D 2 5741. 55 4d(2 B)5d e iP 1 105550. 2

4d2 a 3 P 0

12

8062. 07

8325. 65

8838. 21

263. 58

512. 56

4d(2 B)5d

4d(2 D)5d

e

! D

e

3 F

2

2

106499. 6 107253. 0

567. 6

493. 8

3 107820. 6 4d2 a iG 4 11048. 70 4 108314. 4 4d2 a

! S 0 13832. 0? 4d(2 T>)5d e iG 4 107456. 2

4d(2 D)5s a 3 D 1 18398. 87

403. 92

730. 50

0. 511 4d(2 D)5d e iS 0 107650. 5

2 18802. 79 1. 173

3 19533. 35 1. 344 4d(2 D)5d e

3 S 1 109073. 3

4d(2 D)5s b iD 2 25066. 25 1. 000 4d(2 D)5d e

3 P 2 109268. 7 -329. 9

1 109598. 6

5s2 b is 0 36257. 8?? 0

4d(2 D)5p 2 >D° 2 536^7. 21 0. 927 4d(2 D)4/ y

3 F° 4 117813 1713

4d(2 D)5p 2

3 F° 2 55555. 63

519. 70

1606. 07

0. 789

3

2 119526

121418

-1892

3 56075. 33 1. 112

4 57681. 40 1. 233 4d(2 D)4f z

3 G° 3 121923 677 4 122600 900

4d(2 D)5p 2

3 D° 1 55614. 42 821. 23

911. 18

0. 519 5 123500

2 56435. 65 1. 119

3 57346. 83 1. 337 4d(2 D)4f x

3 P° 0 123390 203

1 123593 362

4d(2 D)5p 2

3 P° 0 59944. 79 -247. 97

659. 16

2 123955

12 59696. 82

60355. 98 4d(2 D)4f y

1 F° 3 127378

4d(2 D)5p 2 1P° 1 62115. 66 1. 044 4d(2 T>)4f y 'D° 2 128877

4d(2 D)5p 2 !F0 3 62589. 13 1. 000 4d(2 D)4f y

3 D° 1 131010 499

2 131509 678

5s(2 S)5p y*P° 0 79436. 7

666. 3

1450. 6

3 132187

1 80103. 0

2 81553. 6 4d(2 D)4f s

ip° 1 1346I 4

5s(2 S)5p y

X P° 1 86512. 3?? 4d(2 ~D)4f 0 'G° 4 134975?

4d(2 D)5d e *F 3 103581. 5 4d(2 D)4/ 2

1 H° 5 1385177

4d(2 D)5d e

3 G 3 104633. 4

556. 2

530. 5?

4 105189. 6

5 105720. 1? Zr vi (

2 D^) Limit 200000

December 1951.
213

Zr m Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p8 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p8 +

Observed Terms

4cP {a X S

a

3 P a3F

a *D

5s2 b

1 S?

ns {n> 5) np ( n>5)

4d(2 D)nx

{ a

3 D

b !D

2

3 P° 23 D°

2 ip° 2 >D°

>3*5 O

O

5s(2 S)nx

{

y

3 P°

y

1 P°?

nd (n> 5) nf (n > 4)

4d(2 D)nz fe *S \e X S

e

3 P

e

X P

e

3 D e3 F

e e

X F

e

3 G

e'G

x

3 P° y3 D°

x

2 P° y 4D°

3*1 oo ooo

o wo

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sr i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Zr IV

(Rb i sequence; 37 electrons) Z=40

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d2D1H

4d 2D1H 274067 cm-1

I. P. 33.97 volts

Fourteen lines have been classified as transitions among seven terms. The analysis is from the paper by Kiess and Lang who reobserved the spectrum from 628.66 A to 2286.66 A,

and extended the earlier work of Bowen and Millikan and of Gibbs and White.

From a Ritz formula applied to the ns

2S series (n=5 to 7) Kiess and Lang have determined

the limit quoted here.

REFERENCE

C. C. Kiess and R. J. Lang, Bur. Std. J. Research 5, 307, RP202 (1930). (I P) (T) (C L) (G D)

Zr IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p8 (

1 S)4d 4d 2 D l/2 0 1250

2/2 1250

4p8

(

1 S)5s 5s 2 S oy2 38258

4p8

(

1 S)5p 5p 2 P° 0% 81976 2486

1H 8If.Jf.62 4p8 0S)5d 5<2 2 D P/2 146650 351

2/2 147001

4p8

(

1 S)6s 6s 2 S 0x 152509

4p6 (

1 S)4/ 4/ 2 F° 2/2 159068 20

3J4 159088

4p6

(

1 S) 7s 7s 2 S oy2 198840

Zr v OS0) Limit — 274067

March 1951.
214

Zr vi

(Br i sequence; 35 electrons) Z=40

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6

4p

5 2P^ 798000 cm"1 I. P. 99 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Paul and Rense have classified 46 fines between 236 A and

568 A as due to transitions from the ground term to 15 higher terms.

They have estimated the limit by extrapolation of isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCE

F. W. Paul and W. A. Rense, Phys. Rev. 56, 1110 (1939). (I P) (T) (C L)

Zr VI Zr VI

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p6 4p5 2P° 1/2 0 -15600 4s2 4p4

(3 P) 4d 4d 2 F 3K

0/2 15600 2/2 319496

4s 4

p

8 4p6 2g 0/ 191570 4s2 4p4

(

1 D)4d 4d’ 2 D 2/

I /2 335527

346344 -10817

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d

4 D 3/

2/ 241099 -4908

-2931

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)4d 4d' 2 F 3/

1/

0/

246007

248938

2/ 336345

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)4<2 4d' 2 P 0/ 355280 324

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 4 F 4/ I /2 355604

3/

2/ 288606 -74 4s2 4p4 pS)4d 4d" 2 D 2/

I /2 288680 I /2 360195

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d

4 P O/2 289323 9997 4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5s 5s 2 P I /2 369716 - 10064

I /2 2/

291660

295919 4259 O/2 379780

4s2 4p4

(

x D)5s 5s' 2 D 2/ 380383 -4407

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 2 D I /2 2/

296155

306483 10328 1/2 384790

4s2 4p4 (»S)5s 5s" 2 S O/2 423215

4s2 4p4

(3 P)4d 4d 2 P 0/

I /2 2/

1/

O/2

298923

299453 530

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)5s 5s 4 P 314483 -20209

-11924

Zr vii (

3 PS) Limit 798000

334692

346616

February 1951.
Zr vi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is* 2s2 2p« 3s2 3p6 3d10 4- Observed Terms

4s2 4p5 4p

5 2p°

4s 4p

6 4p

e 2g

ns (n> 5) nd (n>4)

/ 5s 4 P 4d

4 P 4d 4 D 4d 4 F

4s2 4p4 (3 P)nx

l 5s 2 P 4d 2 P 4d 2 D 4d 2 F

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)nx' 5s' 2 D 4d' 2 P 4d' 2 D 4d' 2F

4s2 4p4

(

1 S)nx" 5s" 2 S 4d" 2 D

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Zr XIV

(Co i sequence; 27 electrons) Z=40

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p* 3d9 2D2^

3d? 2D2h cm-1

I. P. volts

Edl6n has observed three lines due to the transition 3p6 3d9 2D—

p

h 3d10 2P°. From prelimmary unpubhshed measurements he has furnished the provisional term values quoted in the

table. In figure 4 of his paper on the spectra of highly ionized atoms, the observed wave numbers are plotted against atomic numbers for this combination in the Co i-like spectra Kb xi to Mo xvi, and compared with the closely related, X-ray transition of the same elements.

Edl6n’s unit, 103 cm-1

, has here been changed to cm-1

. REFERENCES

B. Edl6n, Physica 13, No. 9, 550 (1947). B. Edl6n, letter (July 1950). (T)

Zr xiv

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3p6 3d9 3d9 2 D 2H 0 -20300 iy2 20300

3p5 3d10 3d10 2 P° i k

oy2 1201800

181 4500 -112700

July 1950.
216

NIOBIUM

Nbl

41 electrons Z=41

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3

p

6 3 d10 4s2 4

p

6 4d4 5s 6D0^

a

6D0h 54600 cm 1 I. P. 6.77 volts

Humphreys and Meggers have observed the Nb i spectrum from 2161.54 A to 10920.7 A.

Of the 3313 lines recorded in this range, they have classified 2836 as combinations among 364

atomic energy levels “representing 58 doublet, 55 quartet, and 13 sextet spectral terms.”

The systems of terms of different multiplicity are connected by observed intersystem combinations. Zeeman patterns measured for 911 Nb i lines have been utilized in this analysis.

The limit is derived from four two-member series, namely: 4d4 ns(eD) and

4d3 5s np 4 (D° F° G°) (n—5,6), by means of a Kydberg formula.

This element is familiarly known as Columbium (Cb). The International Union of

Chemistry has recently adopted Niobium as the official name of element 41. In compliance

with this agreement, the revised name and symbol are adopted here.

REFERENCES

C. J. Humphreys and W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 34, 515, RP1656 (1945).

J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs) Nbl Nbl

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d

4 (a 5 D)5s a0 D 0% 0. 00

154. 19

237. 80

303. 26

355. 01

3. 323 4d

5 a

6 S 2% 11344. 70 1. 99

1H

2H

154. 19

391. 99

1. 863

1. 652 4d4 (a 3 G) 5s a

4 G 2H 12018. 25

118. 61

220. 84

654. 50

0. 742

3)4 4%

695. 25

1050. 26

1. 582

1. 549

3/2 4/2 5^2

12136. 86

12357. 70

13012. 20

1. 081

1. 23

1. 26

4d? 5s2 a

4 F 1/2 2/2

3/2

1142. 79

1586. 90

2154. 11

444. 11

567. 21

651. 25

0. 402

1. 029

1. 235

4<P 5s2 a

2H 4H

5y2 12102. 12

12502. 97 400. 85 0. 931. 10 4

1/2 2805. 36 1. 330

4d4 (6 3 F)5s b

4 F 1/2 12288. 25

403. 87

290. 26

163. 33

0. 402

4d* 5s2 a

4P oy2 iy2 4998. 17

5297. 92 299. 75

667. 53

2. 650

1. 721

2/2

3/2 12692. 12

12982. 38

0. 852

1. 120

2/2 5965. 45 1. 596 4/2 13145. 71 1. 224

4d4 (o 6 D) 5s a

4 D 0/2 8410. 90

294. 42

337. 82

454. 38

0. 06 4d3 5s2 a

2 F 2y2 13404. 77

110. 43 0. 860

1/2 8705. 32 1. 197 3^2 13515. 20 1. 130

2/2 3/2 9043. 14

9497. 52

1. 360

1. 420 4d4 (a 3 P)5s b

4 P oy2 13629. 15

592. 15

687. 96

2. 64

l H 14211. 30 1. 71 4d

3 5s

2 a 2 G 3y2 8827. 00

501. 88 0. 885 2/2 14899. 26 1. 54

4/2 9328. 88 1. 103

4d4 (a 3 D)5s 6

4 D 3y2 15282. 35 -184. 73

27. 83

-21. 52

1. 43

4eP 5s2 a

2 D iy2 9439. 08

798. 43 0. 953 2% 15467. 08 1. 42 2y2 10237. 51 1. 206 iy2 15439. 25 1. 21 oy2 15460. 77 0. 04

4<P 5s2 a

2 P 0/2 10126. 06

1192. 03 0. 66

iy 11318. 09 1. 175 4d? 5s(a5F)5p z «G° 1 X 16672. 00

309. 01

322. 95

633. 30

497. 88

441. 32

0. 00

4d4 (a 3 H)5s a

4H 3 H 10922. 74

121. 34

203. 80

276. 77

0. 690

2/2 3%

16981. 01

17303. 96

4X 11044. 08 0. 984 4% 17937. 26

5y2 11247. 88 1. 12 5/2 18435. 14

6y2 11524. 65 1. 22 6/2 18876. 46
217

Nb I—Continued Nb I—Continued

Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. / Level Interval Obs. g 4c? 4 (a 3 H)5s 6 2 H 4% 16828. 52

647. 70 1. 04 4c?4 (a 5 D)5p

y 4 D° O/2 26717. 73

219. 13

422. 84

237. 04

1. 141

5}'2 17476. 22 1. 01 1/2 26936. 86 1. 292

2/2 27359. 70 1. 32

4c?4 (a 3 G)5s

b 2 G 3lA 16918. 78

1117. 19

0. 88 3/ 27596. 74 1. 422 4/ 18035. 97 0. 97

4c?4 (a 3 H)5p z 2 G° 3/ 26896. 68

435. 12 1. 013

183 5A 18332. 04 4/ 27331. 80 1. 078

4c?3 5s (a 5 F)5p z 6 F° oy2 18791. 09

245. 46

391. 35

488. 79

515. 42

-0. 373 4c?3 5s (c 3 P)5p

y 4 P° O /2 27498. 94

283. 63

662. 76

2. 467

1/2 19036. 55 1. 145 1/2 27782. 57 1. 660

2/2 19437. 90 1. 35 2/ 28445. 33 1. 606

314 19916. 69 1. 39

4/2 20432. 11 1. 44 276° 2H 27614. 10 1. 370

5J4

4c? O/2 3 5s(c 3 P)5p x 4 D° 27666. 46

412. 63

470. 33

660. 00

0. 222

4d3 5s(a 5 F)5p z 6 D° 0/2 19623. 96

141. 22

228. 60

321. 96

418. 14

3. 01 1H 28079. 09 1. 443

19765. 18 1. 72 2H 28549. 42 1. 472

2/2 19993. 78 1. 56 3H 29209. 42 1. 241

3/2 20315. 74 1. 55

4}/2 20733. 88 1. 54 4c?3 5s(a 3 F)5p z 2 F° 2/ 27797. 44 737. 92 1. 16 3/ 28535. 36 1. 12 4d3 5s(a 3 F)5p z 4 D° O/2 20107. 36

276. 26

454. 36

674. 20

-0. 02

4c?3 5s (a 1 /2 20383. 62 1. 26 3 F)5p

y 3/ 2 G° 27855. IS

578. 61 0. 92

2J4 20837. 98 1. 39 4H 28433. 74 1. 12

3/2 21512. 18 1. 44 z 2 P° 1/2 27918. 85 -523. 31 1. 450 4c?4 (a 5 D)5p z 4 P° 0/ 22006. 74 1000. 12

677. 58

2. 47 OH 28442. 16 0. 772 I /2 23006. 86 1. 61 2/ 23684. 44 1. 477 4c?4 (a 3 P)5p z 4 S° I/2 28208. 48 1. 794

4c?3 5 s(a 3 F)5p z 4 G° 2/ 22647. 03

375. 53

514. 21

666. 28

0. 578 4d3 5s (a 5 P)5p y epo 1 X 28278. 25

374. 41

320. 46

1. 981

3/ 23022. 56 0. 98 2/2 28652. 66 1. 768

4/ 23536. 77 1. 15 3/2 28973. 12 1. 701

5/2 24203. 05 1. 25

4c?3 5s (6 3 G)5p z 4 H° 3H 29271. 99

247. 06

327. 45

344. 75

0. 890

4c?3 5 s(a 3 F)5p z 4 F° 1/2 23243. 87

330. 27

440 97

0. 416 4/ 29519. 05 1. 01 2/ 23574- 14 1. 061 5/ 29846. 50 1. 15 3/ 24015. 11

491. 42

1. 243 6/ 30191. 25 1 23

4/2 24506. 53 1. 336

4c?4 (a 3 H)5p

y 4 G° 2/ 29359. 58

403. 12

354. 62

540. 28

0. 693

4c?4 (a 3 P)5p z 2 D° 1H 23525. 80

1247. 23

0. 898 3/ 29762. 70 0. 999

2/ 24773. 03 1. 30 4/ 30117. 32 1. 276

5/4 30657. 60 1. 25

4c?4 (a 3 P)5p z 2 S° 0/ 23910. 90 2. 123

4c?3 5s (a 3 F)5p

y 2 D° iy2 29622. 73

153. 07 0. 81

4c?4 (a 5 D)5p

y 6 F° O/2 23984- 87

179. 92

232. 01

373. 11

429. 90

480. 55

-0. 601 2/ 29775. 80 1. 348

1/2 241 64. 79 1. 060

2/ 24396. 80 1. 306 4c?4 (b 3 F)5p x 4 F° 1/2 29779. 44 208. 01

174. 11

117. 67

0. 42 3/ 24769. 91 1. 380 2/ 29987. 45 1. 006

4/ 25199. 81 1. 427 3H 30161. 56 1. 18 5/ 25680. 36 1. 450 4/2 30279. 23 1. 20

4c?4 (a 5 D)5p z «P° I /2 24283. 34 259. 79

361. 73

2. 382 4 : 3 5s(a 5 P)5p z «S° 2/ 30059. 60

2/2 24543. 13 1. 874

3/ 24904. 86 1. 703 4c? 2y2 4 (a y 2 F° 30716. 50

309. 02 0. 891

3/ 31025. 52 1. 139

4c?3 5s(a 5 P)5p

V 6 D° 0/ 25879. 81

187. 25

319. 30

446. 07

587. 19

3. 22

l>-2 26067. 06 1. 820 4c?3 5s (a 5 F)5p X 4 G° 2/2 31056. 60

428. 60

519. 43

568. 09

0. 630

2/ 26386. 36 1. 610 sy2 31485. 20 1. 012

3/? 26832. 43 1. 248 4/2 32004. 63 1. 160 4/ 27419. 62 1. 422 5/ 32572. 72 1. 24

4c?4 (a 5 D)5p

y 4 F° 1/2 25930. 01

130. 64

105. 14

274. 54

0. 467 4c?3 5s (c 3 P)5p

y 4 S° ltf 31174. 65 1. 957

2/ 26060. 65 1. 085

3/

4/

26165. 79

26440. S3

1. 245

1. 334 4c?3 5s (a 5 F)5p

w 4 F° 1/2 2)4 31551. 46

32013. 40

461. 94

319. 78

590. 69

0. 501

1. 01

4c?4 (a 5 D)5p

x 6 D° O/2 I /2 26552. 40

26713. 32 160. 92

270. 02

443. 73

547. 80

2. 441

1. 45

3/4/

32333. 18

32923. 87

1. 199

1. 24

2/2 26983. 34 1. 618

3/2 27427. 07 1. 567 4c?3 5s(6 1 G)5p

x 2 F° 2/2 4/ 27974- 87 1. 542 334 31687. 53 1. 20
218

Nb I—Continued Nb I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g 4d4 (a 3 D)5p v 4 F° iv2 31707. 94

99. 61

165. 69

632. 15

0. 80 4d4 (b 3 F)5p u 4 D° OK 35920. 45

95. 81

163. 87

154. 08

0. 019

2/ 31807. 55 1. 048 iy2 36016. 26 1. 195

3H

4/

31973. 24

32605. 39

1. 343

1. 216

2/2 3 /

36180. 13

36334- 21

1. 316

1. 378 4cP 5s(b l G)5p X 2 G° 3/ 31800. 74 413. 20 0. 906 4d3 5s(b 3 G)5p v 2 G° 3/ 36048. 10

285. 60 0. 925

4/2 32213. 94 1. 092 4/ 36333. 70 1. 086 4d4 (a 3 G)5p u 4 F° G/2 31907. 74 232. 04

312. 21

684. 31

0. 791 4d4 (a 1 G)5p x 2 H° 4}i

23/2 32139. 78 1. 035 5/ 35275. 77 1. 14

334 32451. 99 1. 115

434 33136. SO 1. 240 4d? 5s(a 5 P)5p

w 4 S° I /2 36371. 05 1. 948

4d4 {a ! G)5p to 2 F° 2/2 31933. 68

153. 90 0. 982 4d4 (a 3 H)5p

y 4 H° 3/ 36460. 34

256. 77

258. 99

278. 31

0. 691

3/ 32087. 58 1. 074 4/

5/

36717. 11 36976. 10

0. 970

1. 15 4d4 (a 3 P)5p w 4 D° 034 32066. 06

182. 63

296. 83

458. 37

0. 046 6/2 37254- 41 1. 23

1/2 32248. 69 1. 184 2/ 32545. 52 1. 320 4cP 5s(b 2/ 3 G)5p t 2 F°

3/2 33003. 89 1. 341 3H 36511. 49 4d4 (a 3H)5p 2 4 I° 4/ 32156. 00

226. 24

290. 15

443. 97

0. 835 4d4 (a 3 D)5p s 2 F° 36866. 60

112. 60 0. 846

534

634 32382. 24

32672. 39

0. 993 1 . 08

3}i 36979. 20 1. 14

734 33116. 36 1. 19 4d4 (c 3 F)5p t 4 F° I /2 37111. 67

174. 95

253. 05

291. 91

0. 526 4d4 (b 3F)5p w 4 G° 2/ 2 /

3/

37286. 62

37539. 67

0. 964

1. 172

334 32501. 33

301. 11

625. 76 1 . 06 4H 37831. 58 1 . 260

4/

5H

32802. 44

33428. 20 1 . 21 1. 27 4<24 (c 3 F)5p u 4 G° 2/ 37188. 28

155. 22

180. 03

237. 07

0. 840

4d3 5s (a

x P)5p

x 2 D° 1/2 32623. 02 1. 00

3/

4/

37343. 50

37523. 53

1. 058

1. 190 2/ 5/ 37760. 60 1. 25

4d4 (a 3 G)5p

v 2 F° 234 32654. 48 244. 60

705. 56

155. 17

296. 76

0. 830 4d4 (a 5 D) 6s e 6 D oy2 37410. 17

168. 55

263. 64

335. 29

390. 20 4d3 5s (a 6 F)5p v 4 D°

334

034

32899. 08

33011. 45

1. 17

0. 46

IK2H

3H

37578. 72

37842. 36

38177. 65 I /2 33717. 01 1. 230 4/ 38567. 85

2>4 33872. 18 1. 350

334 341 68. 94 1. 390 4rf4 (a *D)5p t 4 D° oy2 37536. 56

418. 43

438. 50

460. 65 0. 10 4d3 5s (5 *D)5p w 2 D° 134 234 33086. 98

33389. 87 302. 89 1. 058 1 . 212 1 y2 2y2 3%

37954. 99

38393. 49

38854. 14

1. 051

1. 371

1. 305

4d3 5s (c 3 P)5p

y 2 P° 0/ 33902. 24 350. 72 0. 442 4d4 (a 3 G)5p

x 4H° 3/ 37624- 53

241. 53

277. 70

370. 09

0. 706

134 34252. 96 4/ 37866. 06 0. 992

4d3 5s(a 1 H)5p 2 2 I° 534 34004. 08

319. 12 0. 946

534 6%

38143. 76

38513. 85

1. 089

1. 21

634 34323. 20 1. 08

4d4 (b 3 F)5p r 2 F° 2/ 37814. 64 417. 21 0. 876

4d3 5s(a 1 H)5pw 2 G° 434 34235. 04 -84. 051. 10 3/ 38231. 85 1. Ill

334 34319. 09 0. 87 4d3 5s (b 8 D)5p t 2 D° 1/2 37865. 42 314. 90 0. 90

4d4 (a 3 H)5p 2 2 H° 434 34415. 52

422. 81

0. 819 2/4 38180. 32 1. 077

534 34838. 33 1. 01 4d3 5s (a ®F)6s e 9 F 0/ 37871. 30

150. 11

255. 18

361. 88

462. 26

308. 15 4d3 5s (a 5 P)5p X 4 P° 034

134 234

34644. 22

34867. 68

34703. 70

223. 46

-163. 98

2. 05

1. 587

1. 55

1/4 234 3/

4/

38021. 41

38276. 59

38638. 47

39100. 73

4d4 (a 3 G)5pV 4 G° 234 34654. 79

198. 71

303. 44

473. 68

0. 627 534 39408. 88

334 34853. 50 1. 000

434 35156. 94 1. 073 4d4 (a 3 D)5p

x 2 P° 0/ 38182. 96

263. 82 0. 564

534 35630. 62 1. 160 1/2 38446. 78 1. 29

4d3 5s(b 3 P)5pv 2 D° 134 34752. 70

744. 78 0. 948 4d4 (a 3 H)5p

y 2 I° 5/ 38251. 28

331. 76 0. 97

234 35497. 48 1. 160 634 38583. 04 1. 09

4d® 5s(c 3 P)5p

y 2 S° 034 34807. 57 2. 080 4cP 5s (b 1 G)5p

w 2 H° 434 38448. 77

572. 04 0. 936

5/2 39020. 81 1. 084

4d3 5s (b 1 T))5p

M 2 F° 234 35099. 86

78. 96 0. 868

334 35178. 82 1. 117 4d4 (a 3 D)5p

w 4 P° 0y2 38730. 16 -20. 50

53. 68

2. 55

4d3 5s(b 3 P)5p X 4 S° 134 35119. 65 1. 806 1/2 234 38709. 66

38763. 34

1. 660

1. 588

4rf4 (o 3 G)5p

y 2 H° 534 35344. 86

— 151. 53

1. 125

434 35496. 39 0. 954 4d3 5s(6 3 G)5p s 4 F° 134 38903. 00

345. 30

371. 83

388. 39

0. 448 2/ 39248. SO 0. 973 4d4 (b 3 F)5p u 2 D° 134 35829. 46

98. 89

0. 834 334 39620. 13 1. 094

2/2 35928. 35 1. 17 434 40008. 52 1. 108
219

Nb I—Continued Nb I—Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g

4d? 5s (b 3H)5p u 2 G° 3H

4*4 38982. 20

39380. 77 398. 57 1. 010

1. 10

4d

3 5s(d 3 F)5

p

t

2 G° 3%

4/2 39^26. 84

39637. 83 210. 99 0. 91

1. 04

4d? 5s(b 3 G)5p t

4 G° 2*4

3*4

4*4

5*4

39530.46

39885. 66

40421. 93

40481. 96

355. 20

536. 27

60. 03

0. 61

1. 085

1. 228

1. 18

4d

i (a *I)5p v

2 H° 4/2

5/2 39845. 51 4000s. 00 157. 49

1. 152

id3 5s(b 3 D)5p r

4 F° 1/2 2/4

3/2 4*4

39981. 20

40209. 72

40362. 00

40853. 89

228. 52

152. 28

491. 89

0. 45

0. 886

1. 129

1. 250

400° 2*4 40009. 84

4cP 5s (b 3 H)5p s

4 G° 2*4

3/2

4>4

5*4

40079. SO

40555. 28

40921. 15

41371. 17

475. 98

365. 87

450. 02

0. 929

1. 089

1. 243

1. 25

id? 5s(b J F)5

p

q

2 F° 3*4

2*4 40469. 71 40735. 18 -265. 47 1. 17

0. 91

4dA (c 3 F)5

p

s

4 D° 0*4

1*4 2*4

3*4 40473. 90

40953. 36 479. 46 1. 29

1. 367

id? 5s (6 ! D)5p w 2 P° 0*4

1*4 41082. 24 1. 38

411° 3*4 41139. 95 0. 88

414° 1*4 41 460. 97 1. 42

q

4 F° 1*4 2*4

3*4

4*4

41554. 86

41746. 34

41930. 87

41873. 91

191. 48

184. 53

-56. 96

0. 556

1. 25

1. 186

4<24 (a 3 G)5p s

2 G° 3*4 4*4 41571. 61 41895. 67 324. 06

416° 2*4 41615. 40

4d3 5s (6 3 P)5p r

4 D° 0*4

1*4 3*4

2*4

41676. 81

42339. 56

42551. 56

42719. 18

662. 75

212. 00

167. 62 1. 45

1. 39

4d4 (a »F)5p p

2 F° 2*4

3*4 41829. 11 41987. 35 158. 24 0. 86

1. 135

4d4 (6 3 F)5p r

2 G° 3*4 4*4 42193. 70 1. 15

4d4 (c 3 F)5p s

2 D° 1*4 2*4 42316. 90 1. 21

id? 5s (a 5 P)5p q

4 D° 0*4

1*4 2*4

3*4

42324- 31

42473. 21 42642. 90

43332. 66

148. 90

169. 69

689. 76

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d3 5s (6 3 D)5p p

4 D° 0*4

i*4 2*4

3*4

42801. 67

42900. 07

43187. 00

43414. 44

98. 40

286. 93

227. 44

id3 5s (b 3 D)5p 0

2 F° 2*4 42888. 84

3*4 id3 5s {d 3 F)5p p

4 F° 1 H 42894- 24 128. 36

150. 40

222. 80

2*4

3*4 4/2

43022. 60

43173. 00

43395. 80

id? 5s(d 3 F)5p n 2 F° 2*4 43342. 88

210. 29

3*4 43553. 17

q

2 G° 3*4 43880. 22

4*4 4d3 5s (b 3 D)5p v

2 P° 1*4 0*4 44063. 49

46004. 29 - 1940. 80

0

4 D° o*4

1*4 2*4 44939. 08

44905. 54

-33. 54

265. 36

3*4 45170. 90

id? 5s(b 3 G)5p u 2 H° 4*4 45110. 13

148. 90

5*4 45259. 03

4d4 (c 3 F)5p m 2 F° 2*4

3*4 45297. 30

4

4 (c 3 F)5p p

2 G° 3*4 45719. 07

263. 49

4*4 45982. 56

4d3 5s(a 3 F)6p n 4 D° 0*4 45978. 84 385. 95

447. 79

463. 06

1/2 46364. 79

2*4 46812. 58

3*4 47275. 64

id? 5s (a 3 F)6p r

4 G° 2*4 46011. 48 459. 23

253. 49

356. 63

3*4 46470. 71

4*4 46724. 20

5*4 47080. 83

id3 5s(a 3 F)6p 0

4F° 46170. 04 373. 52

479. 22

657. 81

2*4 46543. 56

3*4 47022. 78

4*4 47680. 59 n 4 F° 1*4 2*4 46509. 80

422. 26

214. 00 3*4 46932. 06

4*4 47146. 06

469° 2*4 46919. 48

4<23 5s(6 3 H)5p t 2 H° 4*4 46954- 40 200. 82

5*4 47155. 22

0

2 G° 3*4 47528. 49 713. 95

4*4 48242. 44

475° 1/2 47537. 67 n

2 G° 3*4

4*4 51788. SO

Nb 11 (

5 D0) Limit 54600

Obs. g

1. 22

1. 28

1. 27

1. 09

0. 94

0. 84

1. 00

0. 92

1. 10

May 1951.
220

Nb i Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3p® 3d10 4s2 4p®+ Observed Terms

4d« a

6S

4d® 5s2 / a

4 P

1 a

2 P a 2 D

a

4 F

a

2 F a2 G a2H

ns (n>5) np (n> 5)

4d4 (a sD)nx

|

a, c ®D

a

4 D

2 6p°

Z

4 P°

x ®D° y «F°

p

4 D° y

4 F°

4d® 5s (a 5F)nx

{

e

6F z «D° z «F°

v

4 D° w 4 F°

z«G°

x

4 G°

4d4 (a 3 P)nx

|

b

4 P z

4 S°

z

2 S° w 4 D°

z

2 D°

4d® 5s (a 3 F)nx

{

z, n 4 D° z, o

4 F°

y 2D° Z

2 F°

z.r

4 G°

y

2 G°

4

d

4 (a 3H)nx

{

a

4 H

b

2H

y

4 G°

z

2 G°

p

4 H° z

4 I°

z

2 H° p

2 I°

4d4 (a *G)nx a

4 G

b

2 G

u*F°

V

2 F°

v

4 G°

s

2 G°

x

4 H°

p

2 H°

4d3 5s (a 5 P)nx

{

z «S° p «P° w 4 S° x

4 P°

p«D°

g

4 D°

4d4 (a 1D)nx y

2 F°

4d4 (b 3 F)nx 6

4 F M 4 D° x

4 F° u 2 D° r

2 F°

w>

4 G°

r

2 G°

4

d

4 (a 3D)nx b

4 D tw 4 P°

X

2 P°

1

4 D° v

4 F°

s

2 F°

4

d

3 5s (6 3 P)nx x

4 S° r

4 D°

v

2 D°

4d4 (a 1 G)nx w 2 F° x 2H°

4d4 (a x I)nx v

2 H°

4^ 5s (b 3 G)nx s

4 F°

1

2 F°

f

4 G°

t> 2 G°

z

4H°

u 2H°

4# 5s (b x G)nx x

2 F° x2 G° u>

2H°

4

d

3 5s (6 3 H)nx s

4 G°

u 2 G° * 2 H°

4d4 (a 4 F)nx p

2 F°

4d3 5s(b 3 D)nx

t> 2 P°

p

4 D° r

4 F°

/2D° o

2 F°

4d® 5s (c 3 P)nx y

4 S° y4 P°

y

2 S° p

2 P°

x

4 D°

4c? 5s(a 4 P)nx x

2 D°

4d4 (c 3 F)nx s

4 D° 1 4 F°

s

2 D° m 2 F° w 4 G°

p

2 G°

4cP 5s (a 4 H)nx w*G° z

2 I° 4d3 5s (6 1 D)nx w 2 P° w 2 D° u

2 F°

4d3 5s (d 3 F)nx p

4 F° n 2 F° 1 2 G°

4d3 5s (6 4 F)nx g

2 F°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Nb I isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.
Nb II

221

(Zr i sequence; 40 electrons) Z=41

Ground state Is2 2s

2 2pe 3s

2 3 p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 44 5Do

a 113000± cm-1I. P. 14±volts

The analysis is by Humphreys and Meggers, who have observed the spectrum from

2002.41 A to 7026.15 A. Of the 1723 lines recorded by them, 1494 are classified. The singlet,

triplet, and quintet systems of terms are connected by observed intersystem combinations.

The analysis is confirmed in great detail by the Zeeman patterns observed for 646 Nb ii lines. No series have been found. “The evidence from other spectra indicates that the principal

ionization potential . . . will be about 14 volts.” The approximate value of the limit cor- responding to this ionization potential is quoted above and entered in brackets in the table.

REFERENCE

C. J. Humphreys and W. F. Meggers, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 34, 481 RP 1656 (1945). (I P) (T) (C L)

(Z E)

Nb H Nb II

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d' a

5 D 0 0. 00 158 99 0/0 4d3

( 2 G)5s b

3 G 3 15551. 30 398 10

12

3

158. 99

438. 38

801. 38

279. 39

363. 00

423. 49

1. 500

1. 490

1. 486

4

5

15949. 40

16052. 72 103. 32

4 1224. 87 1. 495 4d3(2 G)5s b

2 G 4 16219. 04

4cP(a 4 F)5s a

6F 1 2356. 76

272. 31

400. 50

512. 93

603. 50

0. 000 4d4 a iS 0 17202. 72

2 2629. 07 0. 996

34

5

3029. 57

3542. 50

4146. 00

1. 248

1. 350

1. 390

4d3

( 2H)5s b

3 H 6

54

17424. 88

17292. 49

17469. 77

132. 39

-177. 28

4d4 a

3P 0 5562. 26

630. 07

1069. 00

0/0 4d4 a

X F 3 18508. 15

126192. 33

7261. 33

1. 495

1. 450 4d3

(2 D)5s b

3 D 1 18819. 57

532. 41

337. 56

4d\a 4 F)5s a

3 F 2 7505. 78

394. 87

419. 75

0. 712

2

3

19351. 98

19689. 54

3 7900. 65 1. 070

4 8320. 40 1. 230 4d3

(

4 P)5s c3 P 0 20347. 55 692 01 4d4 a

3 H 4 9509. 67

302. 89

373. 85

0. 825

12 21039. 56

21511. 46 471. 90

5 9812. 56 1. 050

6 10186. 41 1. 157 4d3

(

2 P)5s a *P 1 20437. 58

4d4 a

3 G 3 10247. 04

357. 24

314. 24

0. 765 4d

4 c

3 F 2 20657. 82

459. 65

355. 05 4

5

10604. 28

10918. 52

1. 052

1. 180

34

21117. 47

21472. 52 4d3

(

4P)5s a 5 P 1 10653. 40

182. 45

503. 71

2. 477 4d3

(

2 H) 5s a iH 5 21073. 05

2 10835. 85 1. 815

3 11339. 56 1. 663 4d3 (

2 D)5s b *D 2 24332. 87

4d4 a !D 2 12263. 26 1. 003 4d3

(

2 F)5s d

3 F 4 25357. 50 3 84

4d4 b

3 F 2 12805. 98 884. 22

-24. 52

0. 849

32 25353. 66

25414. 24

-60. 58

3 13690. 20 1. 150

4 13665. 68 1. 152 4d4 d

3 P 2 27282. 18 511 97

4d4 a

3 D 3 13054. 69 -424. 81

360. 88

1. 246

10 27794. 15 28001. 37

-207. 22

2

1 13479. 50

13118. 62

1. 002

0. 512 4d4 c iG 4 29634. 24

4d

4 c

! D 2 31064. 80

4d3

(

2 P)5s b

3 P 2 14660. 77

34. 51 -52. 14

1. 483

1 14626. 26 1. 504 4d*(2F)5s b iF 3 31762. 31

0 14678. 40 0/0 4

3 (a 4 F)5p z

5 G° 2 33351. 00 568. 20

4d4 a 3 G 4 14790. 79 1. 083

34

33919. 20

31+632. 00

712. 80

842 17

5 351+71+. 17 981. 30

4d4 a n 6 15396. 10 1. 000 6 361+55. 1+7

Obs. g

0. 767

1. 027

1. 190

0. 950

0/0

1. 154

1. 052

0. 880

1. 007

0. 681

1. 171

1. 312

0/0

1. 218

1. 468

1. 115

0. 670

1. 080

1. 240

0. 992

0. 98

0. 93

0. 71

1. 49

1. 49

0/0

1. 087

1. 01

1. 01

0. 345

0. 913

1. 152

1. 250

1. 31
222

Nb II

Continued Nb II

Continued

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Obs. g Config. Desig. J Leyel Interval Obs. g

4c?(a 4 F)5p z

3 D° 1 84886. S3 634 50 0. 420 4c?(2 H)5p z

3I° 5 48130. 50

486. 99

772. 24

0. 870

2 85520. 83

1032. 44 1. 138 6 48617. 49 1. 051

3 36553. 27 1. 311 7 49389. 78 1. 15 4c?(cz 4 F)5p z 5F° 1 36731. 79 230 97 0. 122 4c?(2 G)5p z *G° 4 48253. 44 1. 083

2 86962. 76

414. 15

151. 48

495. 93

1. 023

3 87376. 91 1. 266 4c?(2 P)5p z

4 P° 1 48520. 41 0. 936

4 37528. 89 1. 325

5 38024. 32 1. 357 4c?(2 H)5p y

1 G° 4 49158. 16 0. 950

4c?(a 4 F)5

p

z

5 D° 0 37298. 20 181 83 0/0 4c?(2 P)5p x3 D° 1 49687. 72 442 17 0. 820

1 37480. 08 317 26 1. 460 2 49245. 55

513. 64 1. 257

2 37797. 29

419. 08

74. 88

1. 469 3 49759. 19 1. 288

3 88216. 87 1. 466

4 38291. 25 1. 473 4c? 5s( )5p 495° 2 49586. 62

4c?(a 4 F)5p z

3 G° 3 38684- 96 650 34 0. 764 4c?(2 D)5p w 3 D° 1 49733. 45

38. 85

91. 95

0. 616

4 89385. 30

768. 31

1. 072 2 49772. 30 1. 167

5 40103. 61 1. 234 3 49864- 25 1. 308

4c? (a 4 F)5p z

3 F° 2 38984. 40 795. 55

781. 05

0. 691 4c? 5s( )5p 500° 3 50068. 70 1. 245

3 39779. 95 1. 088

4 40561. 00 1. 260 4c?(2 D)5p x

3 P° 0 50295. 20 179 72 0/0

1 50474 92 -27. 56 1. 202

4c?(2 P)5p z

4 S° 0 89791. 90 0/0 2 50447. 36 1. 360

4c?(2 P)5p z ID0 2 41710. 15 1. 312 4c?(2 H)5p x

3 G° 5 50497. 90 3*3 «n 1. 188

4 50851. 70 266. 39 1. 171

4c?(4 P)5p y

6 D° 0 42596. 58 -463. 88

1485. 65

268. 65

1083. 73

0/0 3 50585. 31 0. 811

1242132. 70

43618. 85

1. 385

1. 347 4c?(2 D)5p y

1 D° 2 51182. 16 0. 965

3 43887. 00 1. 447

4 44970. 73 1. 480 4c?(2 H)5p Z

*1° 6 51707. 49 1. 010

4c? (

2 G)5p z

3 H° 4 42868. 97

698. 96

964. 47

0. 810 4c?(2 D)5p y

1 P° 1 51787. 87 1. 13

5 43567. 93 1. 040

6 44532. 40 1. 167 4c?(2 F)5p v

3 F° 2 51927. 28

9. 11

343. 25

0. 80

3 51986. 89 1. 085

4c?(4 P)5p y

3 D° 1 43649. 19 -358. 85

1348. 43

0. 980 4 52279. 64 1. 261

2 43290. 34 1. 227

3 44638. 77 1. 035 4c? 5s( )5p? w 3 P° 0 52129. 80

85. 05

173. 74

0/0

z

5 P° 48450. 00

1 52214- 85 1. 43

4c?(4 P)5p 1 776. 81

544. 66

2. 255 2 52388. 59 1. 44

2 44326. 81 1. 745

3 44771. 47 1. 562 4c?(4 P)5p y

3 S° 1 52553. 90 1. 820

4c?(4 P)5p z

3 P° 0 44286. 00 -219. 35

857. 94

0/0 4c? 5s ( )5p 527° 3 52714. 88 1. 415

1 44066. 65 1. 230

2 44924. 59 1. 253 4c?(2 H)5p y

1 H° 5 52788. 10 1. 006

4c?(2 P)5p y

3 P° 0 45206. 59

168. 37

1170. 32

0/0 4c?(2 D)5p y

1 F° 3 53085. 95 1. 036

12 45374. 96

46545. 28

1. 765

1. 506 4c?(2 F)5p w 3 G° 3 53702. 02

726. 55

592. 63

0. 88

4 54428. 57 1. 062

4c?(2 G)5p z

1 H° 5 45342. 25 1. 018 5 55021. 20 1. 180

4c?(2 G)5p y

3 G° 3 45919. 08 297 11

1. 014 4c?(2 F)5p v

3 D° 3 54009. 50 -115. 30

-47. 80

1. 200

4 45621. 97

877. 65 1. 126 2 54124. 80 1. 164

5 46499. 62 1. 171 1 54172. 60 0. 527

4c?(2 G)5p y

3 F° 2 45655. 84 772. 79 - 133. 02

0. 740 4c?(2 F)5p x

4 F° 3 55460. 54 1. 06

3 46428. 63 1. 123

4 46295. 61 1. Ill 4c?(2 F)5p x 1 D° 2 55721. 74 1. 000

4c?(2 G)5p z *F° 3 45802. 49 1. 085 4c?(2 F)5p x X G° 4 57145. 25 1. 000

4c?(2 D)5p x

3 F° 2 46843. 10 0. 43 4c? 5s (6 4 F)5p u

3 F° 2 57808. 85

694. 08

897. 37

0. 98

3 46949. 47 3602. 79 1. 00 3 58502. 43 1. 25

4 50552. 26 1. 22 4 59899. 80 1. 34

4c?(2 P)5p z

3S° 1 46358. 94 1. 821 4c? 5s (6 4 F),5p u

3 DQ

1 59622. 26 125 24 0. 64

4c?(4 P)5p z

5 S° 2 47072. 92 1. 940 2

3

59497. 02

59705. 50 208. 48 1. 191. 33

4c?(2H)5p y

3H° 4

56

47345. 18

48500. 80

48770. 90

1155. 62

270. 10

0. 963

1. 038

1. 132

4c?5s(6 4 F)5p v

3 G° 3

4

5

59509. 23

60094. 50

60439. 75

585. 27

345. 25

1. 19

4c?(2 D)5p?§ w 3F° 2 47755. 76

48077. 67 321. 91 0. 63

3 1. 065 549. 53 4 48627. 20 1. 100 Nb m (

4 F1H) Limit —113000

May 1951.
223

Nb ii Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 +

Observed Terms

a

5 D

a

3 P a3 D b3 F a

3 G a3 H

d

3 P c

3 F

a

X D a

X F aX G

c

X D c3 G ail

4d4

4^(0 4 F)nx

4d3

(

4 P)nx

4:(P (2 P)nx

a

1 S

ns (n >5) np (n> 5)

f a

5 F z3 D° z

5 F° z

5 G°

\ a

3 F z

3 D° z

3 F° z

3 G°

/ a

5 P z

5 S° z5 P° y5 D°

t c

3 P y

3 S° z3 P° y3 D°

/

b

3 P z

3 S° y

3 P° x3 D°

\ aiP ziS° ziP° z iD°

4d3

(2 G)nx

{

b

3 G

b iG

y

3 F°

z iF°

y

3 G°

z iG°

z

z

3 H°

i H

°

4d3

(

2H)nx

{

b

3 H

a iH

x

3 G°

y iG° y

y

3 H°

iH°

4d3

(

2D)na: /

b

3 D

\ b iD

x

3 P°

y

1 P° w 3 D°

y ‘D 0 x

3 F°

y if°

4d3

(2 F)7UC

{

d 3 F

b iF

v

3 D°

x iD°

v

3 F°

x !F° w 3 G°

x

X G°

4d3

(2 D)7ix§ w 3 F°

4cP 5s (b 4 F)nx u 3 D° w 3 F° v

3 G°

z

2 I° z^I0

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Zri isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

§ This entry denotes the higher of the two 2 D limit terms for this configuration.

Nb in

(Y i sequence; 39 electrons) Z—41

Ground state Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d3 4FX ^

4cP 4F1}^ 227005 cm-1

I. P. 28.1 volts

In 1928 Gibbs and White classified 27 lines between 2218.61 A and 2685. 75 . A as combinations between 5s 4F and 5p 4 (DFG)°. Subsequently Eliason classified 26 additional lines,

in the range from 1422.87 A to 1599.72 A, as combinations between the ground term, 4d3 4F,

and the same triad of odd terms. He confirmed the earlier work in detail, except for the level 5p

4F?^ at 66499.5, which he rejected.

Eliason derived an improved value of the limit by a linear extrapolation of isoelectronic

sequence data. His value in round figures is entered in brackets in the table. REFERENCES

R. C. Gibbs and H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 31, 520 (1928). (T) (C L)

A. Y. Eliason, Phys. Rev. 43, 745 (1933). (I P) (T) (C L)
224

Nb ill Nb III

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d

3 4d3 4 F 1 X

2}i

3X

4y2

0. 0

516. 9

1176. 6 1939. 3

516. 9

659. 7

762. 7

4d

2 (

3 F)5p 5p4 F° V/2 2H

3/2 4/2

67095. 1 67868. 7 68787. 8

773. 6

919. 1

4d2

(

3 F)5s

4d2 (

3 F)5p

5s 4 F

5p

4 G°

1/2 2H

3H

4H

2/2 3y2 4'/2 5/2

25221. 2

25736. 5 26464. 9

27374. 7

63687. 4

65007. 1 66456. 5

68061. 7

515. 3

728. 4

909. 8

1319. 7

1449. 4

1605. 2

4d2

( 3 F)5p 5p 4 D° oy2 1/2 2/2 3y2

69184. 2

69674- 8

70280. 7 70588. 0

490. 1 606. 4

307. 3

Nb iv (

3 F2 ) Limit [227005]

April 1951. Nb hi Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 +

Observed Terms

4d

3 4d34 F

ns (n> 5) np (n> 5)

4d2

(3 F)nx 5s 4 F 5p

4 D° 5p

4 F° 5p 4 G°

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Y i isoelectronic sequence, see

Vol. ii, Introduction.

Nb iv

(Sr i sequence; 38 electrons) Z=41

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p

Q 3d

10 4s

2 4:p& 4d

2 3 F2

4d

2 3 F2 308600 cm-1

I. P. 38.3 volts

The analysis is from Lang, who has extended the earlier work on this spectrum. He

lists 113 classified lines in the interval from 542.38 A to 2249.98 A. His limit is derived by a Rydberg formula from the 5, 6s 1,3D series. The values of the 4d X G and 5p T0 terms are tentative. “These values must be nearly

correct but lack confirmation which can only be supplied by the discovery of the

4/ singlets.”

Observed intersystem combinations connect the singlet and triplet terms.

REFERENCE

R. J. Lang, Zeeman Verhandelingen p. 44 (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1935). (I P) (T) (C L)
225

Nb iv Nb IV

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4d2 4d2 3 F 23

4

0. 0

1086. 4

2344. 6

1086. 4

1258. 2

4d(2 D)5d 5d

3 P 0

12

165272. 1 165989. 8 166963. 7

717. 7

973. 9

4a? 4rf2 3 G 4 3054. 6? 4d(2 D)5d 5d

3 F 2 169199 358

1306

4d

2 4d2 *D 2 7163. 3

34 169557

170863

4d

2 4d

2 3 P 0 9692. 1 431. 4

998. 0

4d(2 D)5d 5d

3 D 2 172552. 0

12

10123. 5 11121. 5 4d(2 D)6s 6s 3 D 2 172867. 3

4d(2 D)5s 5s 3 D 2 46509. 3 4d(2 D)5d 5 d

3 P 1 172993. 9

4d(2 D)5s 5s 3 D 1 52062. 8

565. 9

1180. 4

4d(2 D)6s 6s 3 D 1 174484. 1 299. 8

1535. 9

23 52628. 7 53809. 1 2

3 174783. 9 176319. 8

4d(2 D)5p

4d(2 D)5p

5p

1 F°

5p

l T>°

32

92338. 7?

95814- 3

4d(2 D)4/ 4f

3 F° 2

34

174870

177696

180927

2826

3231

4d(2 D)5p 5p 3 P

0 1 97059. 8 4d(2 D)4/ 4f

3 G° 3 184372

846

542

4 185218

4d(2 D)5p 5p 3 D° 1 98991. 5 1397 2

5 185760

23 100388. 7 101776. 7

1388! 0 3 D 2 183861. 7

4d(2 D)5p 5p 3 F° 2 99723. 8

661 0

3 Nb v (2 P1H) 100384- 8

2608. 5

4 102993. 3 Limit 308600

4d(2 D)5p 5p

3 P° 0 105273. 5

308 0

1 104965. 5

862. 0

2 105827. 5

April 1951. Nb iv Observed Terms*

Config.

Is2 2s2 2

p

6 3s2 3p«

3d10 4s2 4p6 +

Observed Terms

4d2 /4d2 3 P 4d2 3 F

\ 4d2 3 D 4d2 ! G?

ns (n>5) np (n>5) nd (n>5) nf (n>4)

4d(2 D)nx J

5, 6s 3 D

\ 5, 6s 3 D

5p 3 P° 5p 3 D° 5p

3 F°

5p

iP° 5p *D° 5p

1 F°?

5

3 P 5d 3 F

5d J P 5d‘D

4/ 3 F° 4/ 3 G°

For predicted terms in the spectra of the Sr i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. n, Introduction.

Nb V

(Rb i sequence; 37 electrons) Z=41

Ground state Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d

10 4s2 4p6 4d2D^

U 2D1H 400000 cm 1 I. P. 50 volts

Thirteen lines have been classified between 464 A and 1877 A as combinations among six

terms. The analysis is by Trawick, who has extrapolated the limit (entered in brackets in the

table) from isoelectronic sequence data. Charles has recently observed six lines between

464 A and 774 A, which agree well with the earlier measurements. He has resolved the

4d 2D—4/

2F° group. Of the three terms common to the two lists, an average value is used

in the table for 4d 2D; 5p 2P° is the same in both; and Charles' value is entered for 4/ 2F°; but

the differences are insignificant.
226

Nb v—Continued

REFERENCES

M. W. Trawick, Phys. Rev. 46, 63 (1934). (I P) (T) (C L) G. W. Charles, Phys. Rev. 77, 120 (1950). (T) (C L)

Nb v Nb v

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4p6

(

1 S)4d 4d

2 D 1H 0 1870 4p6

(

1 S)4/ 4/ 2 F° 2/ 215260 134 2/z 1870 3/ 215394

4p9

(

1 S)5s 5s 2 S 0/2 75929 4pe

(

1 S) 6s 6s 2 S O/2 228500

4p6

(

1 S)5p 5p 2 P° 0/2

1 X

129196 3604 132800

Nb vi pSo) Limit [400000] 4p6

(

1 S)5d 5d 2 D 1/2 211690 547

2/2 212237

March 1951. Nb VI (Kr i sequence; 36 electrons) Z—41

Ground State Is2 2s2 2p

6 3s2 3p6 3d

10 4s2 4p

6 ! S0

4p* *So 829750 cm-1

I. P. 103 volts

The analysis is far from complete. Charles has classified seven lines between 164 A and

325 A as due to transitions from the ground term to levels produced by 4d, 5d, 5s, and 6s elec- trons. The level values in the table are the rounded off wave numbers of the observed lines. He has estimated the limit quoted above by applying a Rydberg formula to the ns s| levels

(n= 5,6). The higher limit in the table has been determined by the writer by adding the

interval of the ground term of Nb vn to the lower limit.

As for Kr i the writer has introduced the j7-coupling notation in the general form suggested

by Racah. Charles has noted that the 4d and 5d assignments are open to some question.

Consequently, the pair-coupling notation for these levels may need revision.

REFERENCES

G. Racah, Phys. Rev. 61, 537 (L) (1942). G. W. Charles, Phys. Rev. 77, 120 (1950). (I P) (T) (C L)

Nb VI Nb VI

Author Config. Desig. j Level Author Config. Desig. J Level

4p6 p0 4p6 4p6 J S 0 0 4p5 (

2 Pf*)5d 5d [l/2 ]° 2

5d dii 1 563220

4p9

(

2 Pf H )4d 4d [iy2 ]° 2

4d d% 1 306940 4p5

(

2 Pf*)6s 6s [l/2 ]° 2

6s si 1 587610

4p5

(

2 P; H )5s 5s [l/2]° 2

5s si 1 402050 4p 6s' [0H3° 5

(

2 Pox)6s 0

6s s 2 1 606140

4p*(2 P^)5s 5s' [0/2 ]° 0

5s S 2 1 419860

4p*(2 Pi*)5<i 5d mr 0 Nb vii (2 Pi«) Limit 829750

5d d°J 1 553870

Nb vii (

2 Pox) Limit 848930

February 1951.
Nb vii

227

(Br i sequence; 35 electrons) Z=41

Ground state Is2 2s2 2j»6 3s2 3p

6 3d10 4s2 4p

5 2Pi^

4p

5 2P°h 1005000 cm-1

I. P. 125 volts

The analysis is incomplete. Charles has classified 41 lines between 197 A and 517 A as due to transitions from the ground term to 13 higher terms.

He has extrapolated the value of the limit from isoelectronic sequence data.

REFERENCE

G. W. Charles, Phys. Rev. 77, 120 (1950). (I P) (T) (C L)

Nb vii Nb vii

Config. Desig. J Level Interval Config. Desig. J Level Interval

4s2 4p5 4p5 2p° l/2 0 -19185 4s2 4p4 (

1 D)4d 4d' 2 P 1 H 398817 -2882

OH 19185 OH? 401699

4s 4p6 4p6 2 S 0H 212501 4s2 4p4 (*S)4d 4d" 2 D 2H?

iH?

403260

407544 -4284

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 4 D 3H

2H 270858 -6844

-5395

4s2 4p4

( 3 P)5s 5s 4 P 2H

1 H

OH

277702

283097

iH?

0H

416055

426310

-10255

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 4 P OH 326509 4661 4s2 4p4

(3 P)5s 5s 2 P IH 446064 -12760 iH

2H

331170

336071 4901 0H 458824

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)5s 5s' 2 D 2H 455071 -9082

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 D iH

2H

335593

349314 13721 IH 464153

4s2 4p4

(

4 S)5s 5s" 2 S OH 506552

4s2 4p4 (

3 P)4d 4d 2 P OH

iH?

3H

2H

339687

4s2 4p4

( 3 P)4d 4d 2 F Nb viii (

3 P2) Limit [ 1005000] 364672

4s2 4p4

(

1 D)4ri 4d' 2 D 2H 381021 -15103 iH 396124

February 1951. Nb vii Observed Terms*

Is2 2s2 2p® 3s2 3p8 3d10 + Observed Terms

4s2 4

p

5 4p5 2po

4s 4p6 4p6 2 s

ns (n> 5) nd (n> 4)

/

5s 4 P 4d 4 P 4d

4 D 4s2 4p4

(

3 P)ru:

l 5s 2 P 4d 2 P 4d

2 D 4d 2 F

4s2 4p4 (

1 D)nx' 5s' 2 D 4d' 2 P 4d' 2 D

4s2 4p4 (

1 S)nx" 5s" 2 S 4d" 2D

*For predicted terms in the spectra of the Br i isoelectronic sequence, see Vol. ii, Introduction.
.
Additions and Corrections to Volume I

Since the publication of Volume I, in June 1949, some

investigations have been carried out that indicate important revisions and additions to data on atomic energy

levels included in that work. One survey of all the

material has been made quite incidentally, because W. E.

Forsythe has requested a revision of the tables of binding

energies of electrons for inclusion in the forthcoming

revised edition of the Smithsonian Physical Tables.

H. N. Russell and the writer 1 have, accordingly, prepared and* these revised tables of binding energies for the first * second spectra of the elements H to Nb. These calculations are based on the material contained in Volumes I and II of AEL.

In the course of this work Russell 2 has also revised

the ionization potentials of the second spectra of the

elements of the iron group to take into account the Ritz

correction to limits derived from series of only two members. The idea is not a new one, but the excellent series

recently observed in some of these spectra now make the

revisions fairly definitive. Catalan 3 has similarly cor- rected the third spectra of the elements Sc through Ga,

1 C. E. Moore and H. N. Russell, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 48, 61, RP2285 (1952).

J H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 618 (1950).

• M. A. Catal&n, unpublished material (April 1952).

but from more meager data. These revised limits and

ionization potentials are listed below for Sc n, Sc in;

Ti ii, Ti hi; and V n, V m.

The tables of binding energies indicate three other

corrections that should be mentioned. (1) The ionization

potential of P i estimated by Finkelnburg and Stern 4 from a study of the regularities in the run of screening

constants, appears to be preferable to the value published

in Volume I. (2) The P i term 5s 4P at 75064, etc., should be rejected. (3) The run of the binding energies

indicates that in Si i the two 3D° terms ^5276, etc. and

48399, etc. should possibly have their configurations interchanged, but further observations are needed to settle

this question.

Humphreys’ 6 recent work on infrared atomic spectra

has led to the discovery of the long awaited 3d? 3F term

of Ca I. In addition, he has observed and classified new

infrared lines in Si i and V i; and has provisionally located

the new 3d5 4D term in V i. The leading revisions for spectra in Volume I are listed

below.

W. Finkelnburg and F. Stem, Phys. Rev. 11, 303 (1950).

* C. J. Humphreys, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 262, RP2252 (1951).

Page Spectrum Remarks

4 He i Observations on He i sequence, see B. Edlen, Ark. f Fys. (Stockholm) 4, No. 28, 441 (1952).

6 He ii Line 2 of text, p. e. of A should read ±0.0009.

9 Li i lOd 2D should read 42389 instead of 41489, and should be inserted after lOp 2 P°.

60 F i Add reference: K. Liden, Ark. for Fys. 1, No. 9, 229 (Stockholm) (1949). (I P) (T) (C L)

(hfs) ; and revise terms accordingly.

Revised limit should read 140524.5 I. P. 17.418.

76 Nei Add reference: K. Burns, K. B. Adams, and J. Longwell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 339 (1950).

(T) (C L) (revised level values). See also; C. J. Humphreys and H. J. Kostkowski, J. Research Nti Bur. Std. 49, RP2345 (1952).

124 All Add reference: W. R. S. Garton, Nature 165, 322 (1950). (T) (C L) (confirm 3p2 2S term).

154 Si vii Level 2p

5 3 P2 should read 363170.

163 Pi See discussion above.

Revised limit should read 85115, I. P. 10.55

Reject 5s 4P term, 75064.6, etc. Add reference: W. Finkelnburg and F. Stern, Phys. Rev. 77, 303 (1950). (I P)

174 P IX H. A. Robinson (April 1951) in private conversation has stated that the terms having the

configuration 2s 2

p

4 need revision.

176 P X H. A. Robinson (April 1951) in private conversation has stated that the terms having the

configuration 2s 2p

3 need revision.

211 A i Line 8 of the text should read “between 781 A and 786 A.”

Last reference should read: W. R. Sittner and E. R. Peck, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 39, 474 (1949).

(C L)
Page

243

245

260

261

262

263

279

280

281

282

291

293

297

298

300

301

302

Remarks

Add Humphreys Dew term discussed above:

Config. Desig. J Level Interval

3d2 3d2 3 F 2 43474. 87

14. 32

18. 91 3 43489. 19 4 43508. 10

Reference: C. J. Humphreys, J. Research Nat. Bur. Std. 47, 262, RP2252 (1951). (T) (C L)

Racah (1951) in private conversation has suggested that the configuration of the term x

2P°

should read 4s2 (a XS)4^ instead of 3d

2 (a 1 S)4p.

See discussion above.

Revised limit should read 103240, I. P. 12.80.

Add reference: H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 618 (1950). (I P).

See discussion above.

Revised limit should read 199700, I. P. 24.75.

Add references: J. E. Mack, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, No. 1, 64 (1950). (Summary hfs.)

M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P).

See discussion above.

Revised limit should read 109506, I. P. 13.57.

Add reference: H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 618 (1950). (I P).

See discussion above.

Revised limit should read 221600, I. P. 27.47.

Add reference: M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P).

Add provisional new term by Humphreys and Kostkowski discussed above:

Config. Desig. J Level Inverval

3d5 c

4 D 0%

i x

2/2 3H

34329. 05

34343. 22

34359. 26

34366. 84

14. 17

16. 04

7. 58

Racah (1951 in private conversation) has suggested that the configuration of the term e

4F

should read 3

d

4 (c 3F)4s instead of 3d5

. Add reference: C. J. Humphreys and H. J. Kostkowski. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 801 (A) (1950)

and unpublished material (May 1951) (T) (C L)

See discussion above.

Revised limit should read [ 118200] I. P. 14.65.

Add reference: H. N. Russell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 40, 618 (1950). (I P).

See discussion above.

Revised limit should read [ 236500] I. P. 29.31.

Add reference: M. A. Catalan, unpublished material (April 1952). (I P).

that the users of these Volumes will report further additions and corrections that come to their

at list is included here in order that readers may have the benefit of these corrections while this
FORM NBS-114A ( 1*7 1 > U.S. DEPT. OF COMM.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

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1. PUBLICATION OR REPORT NO.

NBS-NSRDS 35, Vol. II

2. Gov t Accession

No.

3. Recipient’s Accession No.

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Atomic Energy Levels as Derived from the Analyses of Optical

Spectra. Vol. II, ^Cr to Nb

5. Publication Date December

6. Performing Organization Code

7. AUTHOR(S)

Charlotte E. Moore

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NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20234

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15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

16. ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a significant

bibliography or literature survey, mention it here.)

This series of three volumes is a critical compilation of atomic energy levels

prepared at the National Bureau of Standards from the analyses of optical spectra.

Volume I contains data on the spectra of hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, helium,

lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, sodium,

magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, argon, potassium,

calcium, scandium, titanium, and vanadium (^H to -^V). Volume IT covers the

spectra of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium,

germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, krypton, rubidium, strontium, yttrium,

zirconium, and niobium (^Cr to ^Nb) . Volume III includes the spectra of

molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, indium,

tin, antimony, tellurium, iodine, xenon, cesium, barium, lanthanum; hafnium,

tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, thallium,

lead, bismuth, polonium, radon, radium, and actinium (’f 2MD to 57

a ; 72pjf to 89^lC ) u

17. KEY WORDS (Alphabetical order, separated by semicolons)

Energy levels; H-V

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