NISTIR 8043

Determination of the compliance of 

NIST Charpy Impact Machines

Enrico Lucon

This publication is available free of charge from:

http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8043
NISTIR 8043

Determination of the compliance of 

NIST Charpy Impact Machines

Enrico Lucon

Applied Chemicals and Materials Division

Material Measurement Laboratory

This publication is available free of charge from:

http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8043

February 2015

U.S. Department of Commerce 

Penny Pritzker, Secretary

National Institute of Standards and Technology 

Willie May, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology and Acting Director 
Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this

document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately.

Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the

National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the

entities, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. 

National Institute of Standards and Technology Internal Report 8043

Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Int. Report 8043, 22 pages (February 2015) 

CODEN: NTNOEF

This publication is available free of charge from: 

http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8043
iii

Abstract

The compliance of a Charpy impact machine, CM, can be measured by means of a low-blow 

elastic test on an unnotched Charpy-type specimen, provided an instrumented striker is used. The 

resulting force/time and force/displacement test records can be analyzed according to three 

methods originally suggested by D. R. Ireland in 1973, each one resulting in an independent value 

of machine compliance. The three values are expected to be in agreement with each other within 

10 %.

In this investigation, we measured the compliance of all NIST Charpy machines equipped 

with instrumented strikers, ranging from large-scale machines for testing full-size specimens to 

small-scale machines for testing miniaturized specimens. On each machine, three elastic low-blow 

tests were performed.

In most cases, good repeatability and consistency was observed among different tests and 

different analytical approaches. Machine compliance was found not to depend on machine capacity 

or hammer weight, but only on the design of the machine itself and the type of hammer (C-type, 

U-type, etc.).

Machine compliance, measured from an elastic low-blow test, can also be used for 

dynamically calibrating an instrumented striker, as an alternative to the conventional static 

calibration prescribed by test standards. For the NIST machines, dynamic conversion factors 

between applied force and striker output are systematically lower that static conversion factors, 

although the difference is generally small (less than 5 %).

Keywords

Dynamic striker calibration; instrumented Charpy striker; low-blow impact test; machine 

compliance; static striker calibration; unnotched Charpy specimen.
iv

Table of Contents

Abstract..........................................................................................................................................iii

Keywords.......................................................................................................................................iii

Table of Contents........................................................................................................................... iv

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1

2. Measurement of the compliance of a Charpy impact machine ............................................... 3

3. Compliance measurements for the NIST Charpy machines.................................................... 6

3.1 TO2 machine (instrumented striker: JS1) ........................................................................ 8

3.2 TO3 machine (instrumented striker: JS1) ........................................................................ 9

3.3 MPM-700 machine (instrumented striker: JS-1M)........................................................ 10

3.4 T-K machine (instrumented striker: MPM-S-79)........................................................... 11

3.5 Table-Top machine (instrumented striker: KLST)......................................................... 11

3.6 Table-Top machine (instrumented striker: RHS)........................................................... 12

4. Summary of compliance values for the NIST Charpy machines .......................................... 14

5. Use of machine compliance for the dynamic calibration of Charpy instrumented strikers .. 15

6. Conclusions ........................................................................................................................... 16

References..................................................................................................................................... 17
1

1. Introduction

Although the earliest known paper dealing with force measurements during an impact test 

[1] appeared one year earlier than the first pendulum machine publication [2], instrumented 

impact testing is often considered to be a relatively recent technical development of Charpy 

testing. In reality, it started to gain popularity in the technical community in the early 20’s, when 

it was considered a sort of laboratory curiosity [3]. However, it was in the 50’s and 60’s that the 

scientific community recognized that a more accurate understanding of the dynamic fracture 

process could be achieved only by instrumenting the pendulum machine, and more specifically 

by applying strain-gages to the striker in order to determine force/time and force/deflection 

records.

Nowadays, instrumented impact tests on Charpy V-notch specimens are standardized in 

international test standards such as ISO 14556 [4] and ASTM E2298 [5]. According to these 

standards, the analysis of an instrumented Charpy test consists of the determination of 

characteristic time, force, displacement, and absorbed energy values corresponding to the 

following events (Figure 1):

 general yield, or yielding across the entire specimen ligament;

 maximum force;

 initiation of brittle (unstable) fracture;

 arrest of brittle (unstable) fracture, or crack arrest;

 test termination.

Fully brittle specimens (lower shelf behavior) do not exhibit general yield, and typically 

maximum force coincides with the initiation of unstable fracture. Furthermore, the force at crack 

arrest is normally equal to zero. Fully ductile specimens (upper shelf behavior), on the other 

hand, do not exhibit unstable fracture.

Figure 1 - Example of instrumented Charpy test record for a specimen tested in ductile-to-brittle 

transition regime.
2

More recently, dynamic toughness measurements on fatigue precracked Charpy 

specimens were standardized as a mandatory annex (Annex A17) of the ASTM E1820 standard 

for the Measurement of Fracture Toughness [6]. In accordance with this procedure, instrumented 

impact tests of the type shown in Figure 1 are analyzed to determine values of stress intensity 

factor (K) at impact loading rates. A similar standard is currently being developed by an ISO 

subcommittee, and should be soon officially published.

Although the elastic slope of the force/displacement test record is not explicitly 

mentioned by either ISO 14556 or ASTM 2298 as one of the test parameters to be reported, it is 

nevertheless a quantity which needs to be determined in order to establish the point 

corresponding to general yield: according to ASTM E2298 (§11.4.1), “The force Fgy is defined as 

the force at the intersection of the linear elastic part of the force-displacement curve, discarding 

inertia peak(s), and the fitted curve through the oscillations of the force-displacement curve 

following the onset of general yielding of the uncracked ligament.”

In the initial elastic portion of an instrumented Charpy test, several force oscillations are

observed, depending on the impact velocity and on the frequency response of the acquisition 

system. The first oscillation always corresponds to the inertia peak, which is caused by the 

temporary loss of contact between striker and specimen, induced by the acceleration of the 

specimen from rest [7]. In some instances, only one additional force oscillation (peak) is 

observed before the onset of general yielding, and the rising part of the second peak can be used 

for the establishment of the elastic slope of the test record, as in the example of Figure 1 (yellow 

line). This is the circumstance addressed by ISO 14556:2000, which refers to “the steeply rising 

part of second peak of the force-displacement curve” (clause 9.3).

However, in most cases instrumented test records exhibit more than one force oscillation 

before general yield, as in the actual instrumented test shown in Figure 2. Hence, the 

determination of the elastic slope in this case will significantly depend on the selection of which 

peaks belong to the elastic portion, and this selection is, unfortunately, dependent on the 

analyst’s subjective opinion.

Figure 2 - Force/time record for an actual instrumented Charpy test showing multiple force 

oscillations in the elastic portion.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 Force (V)

Time (ms)
3

A more accurate, reproducible, and less subjective determination of the elastic slope of an 

instrumented Charpy test record is a key factor to decrease the uncertainty in the determination 

of the force at general yield (Fgy), which is needed in several important applications such as the 

evaluation of dynamic yield strength [8] and the estimation of shear fracture appearance [9].

The elastic slope of an instrumented Charpy force/displacement curve contains two 

separate contributions, and can be expressed either in terms of overall (system) compliance, in 

units of mm/kN, or overall (system) stiffness, in units of kN/mm. We will use compliance in this 

investigation. The two components of experimental compliance, Cexp, are:

 specimen compliance, CS; and

 machine compliance, CM.

For a Charpy-V notch specimen, CS in mm/kN can be calculated from:





























W

a

f

W a

S

EB

CS

2

1000

(1)

where: E is the material’s elastic modulus at the test temperature (in MPa);

B is the specimen thickness (in mm);

S is the span, or distance between the machine anvils (in mm);

W is the specimen width (in mm);

a is the notch depth (in mm); and

2 3 4

1193 198 4 478 4 443 1739 



































 











W

a

+ .

W

a

- .

W

a

+ .

W

a

. - .

W

a

f . (2)

For a typical Charpy specimen of steel with nominal dimensions (B = W = 10 mm, a = 2 

mm), tested at room temperature (E = 207,000 MPa) on a machine with S = 40 mm, the 

compliance yielded by Eq. 1 is CS = 0.011393 mm/kN, which corresponds to a specimen 

stiffness of 87.8 kN/mm.

The compliance of a Charpy pendulum machine can be determined by means of an 

instrumented low-blow test1on an unnotched Charpy specimen, according to a fundamental 

paper published by D. R. Ireland in 1974 [10]. The measurement of the compliance of several 

Charpy machines located in the NIST Charpy lab in Boulder, Colorado is the subject of this 

Internal Report.

2. Measurement of the compliance of a Charpy impact machine

As suggested by Ireland [10], the instrumented low-blow test on an unnotched Charpy 

specimen is the recommended procedure to measure machine compliance. Note that a low-blow 

test can also be performed on a notched specimen, however the presence of the notch introduces

additional uncertainty and potential for experimental scatter, and therefore we decided to use 

exclusively unnotched specimens.

In a low-blow test, the pendulum hammer is dropped from a height such that the 

maximum available (potential) energy, W0, is less than that required to produce any permanent 

 

1

In this report, by “low-blow test” we mean an impact test wherein the pendulum is dropped from a small angle, so 

that no plastic deformation of the specimen is produced.
4

damage in the specimen, including any indentation-type deformation at the specimen load points. 

The specimen compliance of the unnotched specimen has to be accurately known from elastic 

beam theory, accounting for all possible contributions (tension, compression, and shear).

For an unnotched specimen (bar with square or rectangular cross section), the compliance 

CS(u) is given by:

EI

S

CS u

48

3

( ) 

(3)

where I, the area moment of inertia, is expressed as:

12

3 BW I 

(4)

Table 1 provides the values of CS(u) for several unnotched specimen types (full-size, 

sub-size and miniaturized), calculated by assuming nominal specimen dimensions. For the 

unnotched specimens actually used in this investigation, CS(u) values were recalculated after 

measuring the actual dimensions.

Table 1 - Values of specimen compliance for various unnotched specimen configurations, based 

on nominal dimensions. NOTE: CVN = Charpy V-Notch; SS = Sub-Size; KLST = 

KLeinSTprobe; RHS = Reduced Half-Size.

A typical instrumented force/time record for a low-blow test on an unnotched 10 × 10 

mm2specimen is shown in Figure 3. There are three methods for determining machine 

compliance, CM, from this record.

Method 1 [11]

Determine the initial linear slope of the curve (

1

exp

 C

) and subtract the theoretical slope for the 

unnotched specimen (

1

( )

 CS u

), to find the machine compliance by:

CM Cexp CS(u)

(5)

Specimen B W I S Cs(u)

type (mm) (mm) (mm4

) (mm) (mm/kN)

CVN 10 10 833.3 40 0.0077

3/4 SS 7.5 10 625 40 0.0103

2/3 SS 6.67 10 555.8 40 0.0116

1/2 SS 5 10 416.7 40 0.0155

1/4 SS 2.5 10 208.3 40 0.0309

KLST 3 4 16 22 0.0670

RHS 4.83 4.83 45.4 19.32 0.0160
5

Figure 3 - Example of instrumented force/time record for a low-blow test on an unnotched 

specimen with 10 × 10 mm2cross section (CVN-type).

Method 2 [12]

The available potential energy W0 in the low-blow test is the sum of the elastic energy 

contributions from the machine (WM) and the specimen (WS(u)):

W WM WS u FmdM FmdS

2

1

2

1

0   ( )   , (6)

where: Fm = maximum force (see Figure 3),

dM = effective elastic deformation of the machine at maximum force, and

dS = specimen deflection (displacement) at maximum force.

For an elastic test, the relationship between force and deflection for the specimen is 

expressed as:

F CS dS

(7)

which for the machine can be written as:

F CM dM

(8)

Eqs. 6, 7, 8 can be reduced to:

S

m

M C

F

W

C   2

0 2

. (9)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004 Force (kN)

Time (s)

Fm
6

Method 3 [13]

If we assume the interaction hammer/specimen to be a vibrating mass on a spring, the 

force/time record of the low-blow test becomes a half-oscillation of the system. The time t 

corresponding to this half-cycle is related to the hammer mass m and the machine/specimen 

compliance Cexp by:

mCexp t  

(10)

which, based on eq. 5, can be written as:

  mCM mCS

t   , (11)

and finally reduces to:

S

W

M C

g t

C  













2

 

, (12)

with: g = acceleration of gravity (m/s) and W = effective hammer weight (kg).

Ireland reports that typical values of CM range between 0.0086 mm/kN and 0.0114 

mm/kN [10]; for a specific machine, the three methods should yield CM values which agree 

within 10 % [14].

3. Compliance measurements for the NIST Charpy machines

In accordance with the approaches outlined above, we measured the compliance of four 

large-scale Charpy impact machines, all located at NIST in Boulder Colorado. In addition, we 

performed compliance measurements on a small-scale table-top machine, also located in the 

Boulder lab, used for instrumented impact tests on miniaturized specimens of two different 

configurations (KLST and RHS) [15].

For each machine, three instrumented low-blow tests were performed on unnotched 

specimens, whose dimensions had been previously measured by means of a calibrated caliper to 

a precision of 0.01 mm. The results of the dimensional measurements are collected in Table 2, 

which also provides the values of the area moment of inertia (I) and specimen compliance (CS(u)) 

from eqs. 3 and 4. Each cross section dimension (B and W) was measured in three positions, and 

the average value was used in the calculations.
7

Table 2 - Dimensional measurements and compliance values for the unnotched specimens used 

for the NIST machine compliance measurements. NOTE: in the table, B and W are the average 

values of the three separate measurements.

The input parameters which were needed to calculate machine compliance in accordance 

with the three methods described in Section 2 are the following:

 mass of the pendulum hammer, m (N);

 potential energy, W0 (J);

 hammer falling height, h (mm);

 hammer falling angle,  (°); and

 impact velocity, v (m/s).

The initial experimental compliance, Cexp, to be used for Method 1 (eq. 1), was obtained 

by linearly fitting the initial portion of the instrumented force/displacement test records, 

discarding any early oscillations arising from the first contact between hammer and specimens 

(see an example in Figure 4). The range to be linearly fitted was chosen subjectively by the 

author.

Figure 4 - Measurement of Cexp from the instrumented force/displacement record.

Specimen I S CS(u)

id B1 B2 B3 B W1 W2 W3 W (mm4

) (mm) (mm/kN)

CVN-1 9.85 9.92 9.88 9.88 9.82 9.87 9.86 9.85 787.1018 40.00 0.0082

CVN-2 9.90 9.87 9.86 9.88 9.76 9.75 9.80 9.77 767.5609 40.00 0.0084

CVN-3 9.85 9.85 9.81 9.84 9.79 9.80 9.84 9.81 773.8802 40.00 0.0083

CVN-4 9.90 9.89 9.91 9.90 9.90 9.88 9.84 9.87 794.0454 40.00 0.0081

KLST-1 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 3.91 3.90 3.93 3.91 14.83255 22.07 0.0729

KLST-2 2.97 2.92 2.95 2.95 4.01 3.96 3.92 3.96 15.28733 22.07 0.0708

RHS-1 4.69 4.70 4.67 4.69 4.69 4.70 4.67 4.69 40.20453 19.30 0.0180

RHS-2 4.70 4.71 4.70 4.70 4.77 4.79 4.74 4.77 42.44914 19.30 0.0170

Thickness B (mm) Width W (mm)

F = Cexpd - A

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Force (kN)

Displacement (mm)
8

The maximum force, Fm, to be used for Method 2 (eq. 9) was obtained by fitting the

middle portion of the force/time record with a 2nd-order polynomial (Figure 5). 

Finally, the time t of the half cycle, to be used for Method 3 (eq. 12), was determined by 

first linearly fitting the initial and final part of the force/time record, and then calculating the 

distance between the two intercepts with the time axis (Figure 5).

Figure 5 - Analysis of the force/time record for the determination of Fm and t.

3.1 TO2 machine (instrumented striker: JS1)

This machine has a maximum potential energy of 357.91 J, a maximum impact velocity 

of 5.12 m/s, and a hammer weight of 267.823 N (effective hammer mass W = 27.31 kg).

The three low-blow tests were performed on the unnotched specimen designated CVN-1 

(Table 2). The remaining parameters used for the calculations of machine compliance are listed 

in Table 3.

Table 3 - Parameters used for the calculation of the compliance of machine TO2.

Low-blow

test #

W0

(J)

h

(mm)



(°)

v

(m/s)

1 8.72 32.58 15.46 0.80

2 8.75 32.67 15.48 0.80

3 8.73 32.58 15.46 0.80

The result of the calculations, including intermediate steps such as experimental 

compliance, maximum force, and half-cycle time, are provided in Table 4, as well as average 

values and maximum deviations of individual test methods from the average of all methods. The 

maximum deviation between values calculated for each low-blow test and the average of all tests 

is also given.

F = A1d

2 + A2d + A3

F = C1d + C2

F = C3d + C4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004 Force (kN)

Time (s)

t
9

Table 4 – Results of compliance calculations for machine TO2.

Low-blow

test #

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average Maximum

deviation Cexp

(mm/kN)

CM,1

(mm/kN)

Fm

(kN)

CM,2

(mm/kN)

t

(ms)

CM,3

(mm/kN)

CM,1-3

(mm/kN)

1 0.01923 0.01105 29.23 0.01224 2.39 0.01302 0.01210 -8.7 %

2 0.02036 0.01218 29.39 0.01208 2.41 0.01335 0.01254 6.7 %

3 0.02146 0.01328 29.31 0.01213 2.41 0.01334 0.01292 6.6 %

Average 0.02035 0.01217 29.31 0.01215 2.40 0.01324 0.01252 -3.3 %

Maximum deviation -9.2 % 0.7 % -1.6 % -3.3 %

For machine TO2, all the methods provide reliable and consistent compliance values. 

Method 1 exhibits the largest scatter, caused by the scatter in the determination of the 

experimental compliance from the linear portion of the force/displacement test records.

The three methods (based on the average values from the three low-blow tests) yield 

compliance values well within 10 % (as recommended by Ireland [10] and Turner [14]).

On the basis of our results, we can assume the average value of the three low-blow tests 

and the three calculation methods as the TO2 machine compliance at room temperature: 

0.01252 mm/kN.

3.2 TO3 machine (instrumented striker: JS1)

This machine has a maximum potential energy of 407.83 J, a maximum impact velocity 

of 5.48 m/s, and a hammer weight of 266.3216 N (effective hammer mass W = 27.18 kg). The 

TO3 machine is structurally similar to TO2, and utilizes the same instrumented striker (JS-1).

The three low-blow tests were performed on the unnotched specimen designated CVN-3 

(Table 2). The remaining parameters used for the calculations of machine compliance are listed 

in Table 5.

Table 5 - Parameters used for the calculation of the compliance of machine TO3.

Low-blow

test #

W0

(J)

h

(mm)



(°)

v

(m/s)

1 8.77 32.92 15.54 0.80

2 8.91 33.47 15.67 0.81

3 8.92 33.52 15.68 0.81

The result of the calculations, including maximum deviations between methods and 

low-blow tests, are provided in Table 6.

Table 6 – Results of compliance calculations for machine TO3.

Low-blow

test #

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average Maximum

deviation Cexp

(mm/kN)

CM,1

(mm/kN)

Fm

(kN)

CM,2

(mm/kN)

t

(ms)

CM,3

(mm/kN)

CM,1-3

(mm/kN)

1 0.02169 0.01336 30.48 0.01094 2.39 0.01298 0.01243 -12.0 %

2 0.02111 0.01279 30.48 0.01087 2.38 0.01275 0.01214 -10.2 %

3 0.02121 0.01288 30.58 0.01076 2.38 0.01276 0.01214 -11.0 %

Average 0.02134 0.01301 30.51 0.01086 2.38 0.01283 0.01224 -11.2 %

Maximum deviation 2.7 % -0.9 % -1.6 % 1.6 %
10

For machine TO3, Method 2 provides lower values than Methods 1 and 3, with 

deviations systematically larger than 10 %. As in the case of machine TO2, Method 1 exhibits 

the largest scatter. 

We see no reason to exclude any of the three methods from the calculations of machine 

compliance. Therefore, we can assume the average value of the three low-blow tests and the 

three calculation methods as the TO3 machine compliance at room temperature: 

0.01224 mm/kN.

3.3 MPM-700 machine (instrumented striker: JS-1M)

This machine has a maximum potential energy of 953.56 J, a maximum impact velocity 

of 5.47 m/s, and a hammer weight of 625.84 N (effective hammer mass W = 63.86 kg). 

The three low-blow tests were performed on the unnotched specimen designated CVN-2

(Table 2). The remaining parameters used for the calculations of machine compliance are listed 

in Table 7.

Table 7 - Parameters used for the calculation of the compliance of machine MPM-700.

Low-blow

test #

W0

(J)

h

(mm)



(°)

v

(m/s)

1 9.26 14.79 7.99 0.54

2 8.76 13.99 7.77 0.52

3 9.03 14.43 7.89 0.53

The result of the calculations, including maximum deviations between methods and 

low-blow tests, are provided in Table 8.

Table 8 – Results of compliance calculations for machine MPM-700.

Low-blow

test #

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average Maximum

deviation Cexp

(mm/kN)

CM,1

(mm/kN)

Fm

(kN)

CM,2

(mm/kN)

t

(ms)

CM,3

(mm/kN)

CM,1-3

(mm/kN)

1 0.01829 0.00990 31.72 0.01002 3.38 0.00972 0.00988 -1.6 %

2 0.01805 0.00966 30.95 0.00989 3.38 0.00970 0.00975 1.4 %

3 0.01808 0.00969 31.41 0.00991 3.38 0.00969 0.00976 1.6 %

Average 0.01814 0.00975 31.36 0.00994 3.38 0.00970 0.00980 -1.4 %

Maximum deviation 1.6 % -0.8 % 0.1 % 0.8 %

For machine MPM-700, extremely consistent results and very low deviations (less than 

2 %) were obtained for all methods and low-blow tests.

We can reliably assume the average value of the three low-blow tests and the three 

calculation methods as the MPM-700 machine compliance at room temperature: 

0.00980 mm/kN. This machine is significantly less compliant (i.e., stiffer) than both TO2 and 

TO3.
11

3.4 T-K machine (instrumented striker: MPM-S-79)

This machine has a maximum potential energy of 359.52 J, a maximum impact velocity 

of 4.89 m/s, and the hammer mass is m = 295.87 N (effective hammer weight W = 30.11 kg).

The three low-blow tests were performed on the unnotched specimen designated CVN-4

(Table 2). The remaining parameters used for the calculations of machine compliance are listed 

in Table 9.

Table 9 - Parameters used for the calculation of the compliance of machine T-K.

Low-blow

test #

W0

(J)

h

(mm)



(°)

v

(m/s)

1 7.92 26.77 14.02 0.72

2 8.54 28.86 14.56 0.75

3 8.41 28.42 14.45 0.75

The result of the calculations, including maximum deviations between methods and lowblow tests, are provided in Table 10.

Table 10 – Results of compliance calculations for machine T-K.

Low-blow

test #

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average Maximum

deviation Cexp

(mm/kN)

CM,1

(mm/kN)

Fm

(kN)

CM,2

(mm/kN)

t

(ms)

CM,3

(mm/kN)

CM,1-3

(mm/kN)

1 0.01542 0.00731 33.86 0.00570 2.27 0.00921 0.00741 24.3 %

2 0.01753 0.00942 29.66 0.01131 2.28 0.00940 0.01004 12.6 %

3 0.01478 0.00667 34.18 0.00628 2.27 0.00919 0.00738 -11.0 %

Average 0.01591 0.00780 32.57 0.00776 2.27 0.00927 0.00828 21.3 %

Maximum deviation 20.8 % 45.6 % -1.5 % 12.0 %

Examination of Table 10 reveals that for machine T-K, Methods 1 and 2 yield very large 

deviations between the three low-blow tests performed. In addition, all maximum deviations

between individual methods are also larger than 10 %.

The instrumented striker used for the T-K machine has structural issues that require 

replacement of the instrumentation. The reliability of the static calibration of MPM-S-79 is 

therefore questionable, and as a consequence both Method 1 (which uses Cexp, determined from 

the force/displacement record) and Method 2 (which uses the maximum force Fm) cannot be 

used for machine compliance determination. On the other hand, Method 3 only uses a machine 

characteristic, such as W, and the time-based parameter t (see eq. 12). The low scatter obtained 

for Method 3 for the three low-blow tests corroborates this approach.

As a consequence, we will provisionally use the average value of Method 3 as the 

compliance of the T-K machine: 0.00927 mm/kN. Once the striker has been regaged, the 

machine compliance measurements will be repeated.

3.5 Table-Top machine (instrumented striker: KLST)

The Table-Top machine is a small-scale pendulum, used for testing miniaturized Charpy 

specimens. The machine, equipped with the hammer and instrumented striker for KLST 

specimens (3 mm × 4 mm × 27 mm), has a maximum potential energy of 50.15 J, a maximum 
12

impact velocity of 3.50 m/s, and a hammer weight of 79.578 N (effective hammer mass W = 

8.12 kg). The instrumented striker for KLST specimens is designated MPM-S-68.

The three low-blow tests were performed on an unnotched specimen with nominal cross 

section dimensions of 3 × 4 mm2designated KLST-1 (Table 2). The remaining parameters used 

for the calculations of machine compliance are listed in Table 11.

Table 11 - Parameters used for the calculation of the compliance of the Table-Top machine with 

KLST hammer and striker.

Low-blow

test #

W0

(J)

h

(mm)



(°)

v

(m/s)

1 0.97 12.23 15.77 0.49

2 0.98 12.27 15.79 0.49

3 0.91 11.45 15.25 0.47

The result of the calculations, including maximum deviations between methods and 

low-blow tests, are provided in Table 12.

Table 12 – Results of compliance calculations for the Table-Top machine with KLST hammer 

and striker.

Low-blow

test #

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average Maximum

deviation Cexp

(mm/kN)

CM,1

(mm/kN)

Fm

(kN)

CM,2

(mm/kN)

t

(ms)

CM,3

(mm/kN)

CM,1-3

(mm/kN)

1 0.15158 0.07864 3.48 0.08770 3.69 0.09686 0.08773 10.4 %

2 0.15031 0.07736 3.46 0.08971 3.67 0.09523 0.08744 -11.5 %

3 0.14979 0.07684 3.39 0.08573 3.68 0.09604 0.08620 -12.1 %

Average 0.15056 0.07761 3.44 0.08771 3.68 0.09604 0.08712 -10.9 %

Maximum deviation 1.3 % -2.3 % 0.9 % -1.1 %

It is interesting to note that the deviations between the three methods are larger than the 

repeatability between the three low-blow tests. 

We find no technical reason to exclude any of the three methods from the calculations of 

machine compliance. Therefore, we can assume the average value of the three low-blow tests 

and the three calculation methods as the room temperature compliance of the Table-Top machine 

with KLST hammer and striker: 0.08712 mm/kN.

We note that the compliance of this small-scale machine is significantly larger than any 

of the larger-scale (higher capacity) Charpy machines considered in this study.

3.6 Table-Top machine (instrumented striker: RHS)

The Table-Top machine, equipped with the hammer and instrumented striker for RHS 

specimens (4.83 mm × 4.83 mm × 24.13 mm), has a maximum potential energy of 50.80 J, a 

maximum impact velocity of 3.50 m/s, and a hammer weight of 80.467 N (effective hammer 

mass W = 8.21 kg). The instrumented striker for RHS specimens is designated MPM-S-67.

The three low-blow tests were performed on an unnotched specimen with nominal cross 

section dimensions of 3 × 4 mm2designated RHS-1 (Table 2). The remaining parameters used 

for the calculations of machine compliance are listed in Table 13.
13

Table 13 - Parameters used for the calculation of the compliance of the Table-Top machine with 

RHS hammer and striker.

Low-blow

test #

W0

(J)

h

(mm)



(°)

v

(m/s)

1 1.00 12.42 15.89 0.49

2 1.00 12.48 15.93 0.49

3 0.97 12.07 15.66 0.49

The result of the calculations, including maximum deviations between methods and 

low-blow tests, are provided in Table 14.

Table 14 – Results of compliance calculations for the Table-Top machine with RHS hammer and 

striker.

Low-blow

test #

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Average Maximum

deviation Cexp

(mm/kN)

CM,1

(mm/kN)

Fm

(kN)

CM,2

(mm/kN)

t

(ms)

CM,3

(mm/kN)

CM,1-3

(mm/kN)

1 0.04384 0.02584 6.56 0.02851 1.96 0.02961 0.02798 -7.7 %

2 0.04303 0.02504 6.78 0.02574 1.95 0.02870 0.02649 7.9 %

3 0.04310 0.02510 6.67 0.02564 1.94 0.02849 0.02641 7.1 %

Average 0.04332 0.02533 6.67 0.02663 1.95 0.02893 0.02696 3.8 %

Maximum deviation 2.0 % 7.1 % 2.3 % 7.3 %

All the deviations calculated between different methods or different tests are lower than 

10 %, and therefore no technical reason can be found to exclude any of the three methods for 

machine compliance calculation. The average value of the three low-blow tests and the three 

calculation methods can be assumed to represent the room temperature compliance of the 

Table-Top machine with RHS hammer and striker: 0.02696 mm/kN.

We note that, based on our compliance measurements, this small-scale machine is more 

than three times stiffer when equipped with the RHS hammer and striker than when equipped for 

testing KLST specimens, even though the hammer masses are only marginally different (8.12 kg 

and 8.21 kg). 
14

4. Summary of compliance values for the NIST Charpy machines

Based on the calculations detailed above, Table 15 summarizes the values of machine 

compliance, CM, at room temperature for the NIST impact testing machines, and the expected 

values of experimental compliance

CexpCS CM

(13)

where specimen compliance, CS, was calculated by means of eq. 1 assuming nominal dimensions 

for both full-size (CVN) and miniaturized (KLST or RHS) Charpy specimens. The values of Cexp

in Table 15 are the approximate values one should expect to obtain when analyzing the linear 

portion of an instrumented force/displacement record (at room temperature), for instance when 

determining the force at general yield.

The calculated values of machine compliance for the large-scale machines (TO2, TO3, 

MPM-700, and T-K) are close to the range indicated by Ireland in [10], i.e., 0.0086 mm/kN to 

0.0114 mm/kN.

Table 15 - Summary of machine and experimental compliances for the NIST instrumented 

Charpy systems.

Impact

machine

Instrumented

striker

CM

(mm/kN)

Specimen

type

Cexp

(mm/kN)

TO2 JS1 0.01252 CVN 0.02399

TO3 JS1 0.01224 CVN 0.02370

MPM-700 JS-1M 0.00980 CVN 0.02126

T-K MPM-S-79 0.00927 CVN 0.02074

Table-Top

MPM-S-68 0.08712 KLST 0.16690

MPM-S-67 0.02696 RHS 0.05069

An interesting observation emerges from the examination of Table 15, in that machine 

compliance appears to be independent of machine capacity or hammer mass. To substantiate this 

statement, we remark that TO2 and TO3 have approximately the same compliance, even though 

TO3 has 14 % higher capacity (potential energy). Even more significant is the fact that the T-K 

machine, whose capacity is less than 40 % that of the MPM-700 machine, has very similar 

compliance. Incidentally, the T-K machine is the only one which has a C-type hammer and Ishaped beam, whereas all the remaining large-scale pendulums have U-type hammers and 

hollow-tube beams. Machine design and hammer type might therefore play a significant role in 

determining the compliance of a Charpy machine.

Oftentimes, Charpy tests are performed in a range of temperatures, for example when 

determining ductile-to-brittle transition temperatures for a material. In this case, values of 

experimental compliance at different test temperatures are useful for the experimentalist who 

analyzes the instrumented test records. In Annex 1, we have collected such values for all the 

NIST instrumented Charpy systems, for temperatures ranging from -180 °C to 300 °C, and for all 

the possible Charpy specimen types that can be tested on that system (full-size, sub-size, or
15

miniaturized). Prior knowledge of the elastic slope that should be measured can help the analyst 

to select the optimal elastic fitting range when determining the point of general yield.

5. Use of machine compliance for the dynamic calibration of Charpy 

instrumented strikers

The conventional procedure for calibrating an instrumented Charpy striker, i.e.

establishing the analytical relationship between force applied to the striker and strain-gage 

response, is a static calibration, preferably performed with the striker built into the hammer 

assembly. By applying different values of force to the striker in a configuration similar to the 

striker/specimen interaction during a test, the corresponding values of electrical output from the 

strain-gages are recorded and eventually fitted as a function of applied force.

The knowledge of the compliance of a Charpy machine offers an alternative approach to

what Ireland called “dynamic calibration of an instrumented tup” [10]. The principle consists in 

matching a calculated peak impulse force, from an elastic low-blow test, with that obtained from 

the instrumented signal.

If the impact is entirely elastic, the maximum force is calculated from the following 

relationship, which is valid for elastic energy absorption:

M S

m

C C

W

F





2 0

(14)

where W0 is the maximum available kinetic energy. In principle, multiple values of Fm can be 

verified by varying the initial potential energy W0 and therefore establishing the relationship 

between applied force and strain-gage output. Obviously, care must be exercised to avoid plastic 

deformation at higher force values.

For the Charpy test systems (i.e., impact machines + instrumented strikers) considered in 

this investigation, the dynamic conversion factors listed in Table 16 were obtained by 

substituting in eq. 14 the values of W0, CM, CS obtained in the previous sections. The table 

compares dynamic conversion factors (Cdyn) to the static conversion factors (Cstat) previously 

obtained from statically calibrating the instrumented strikers, and also provides the percent 

differences between the two conversion factors.

Table 16 - Comparison between dynamic and static conversion factors for NIST instrumented 

Charpy systems.

Charpy

machine

Instrumented

striker

Cdyn

(kN/V)

Cstat

(kN/V)

C

(%)

TO2 JS1 9.9336 10.188 -2.5

TO3 JS1 9.7021 10.188 -4.8

MPM-700 JS-1M 8.1622 8.2166 -0.7

T-K MPM-S-79 10.8708 11.4110 -4.7

Table-Top MPM-S-68 0.8701 0.8924 -2.5

MPM-S-67 2.1820 2.2379 -2.5

The dynamic conversion factors are systematically lower than the corresponding static 

conversion factors, with differences in all cases lower than 5 %. The small difference (2.4 %) 
16

between the values of Cdyn calculated for the JS1 striker when assembled on the TO2 machine 

and on the TO3 machine is only due to experimental uncertainties associated to the 

determination of the various parameters in eq. 14.

6. Conclusions

The compliance of all the instrumented Charpy systems (impact machines + instrumented 

strikers + acquisition systems) located at NIST in Boulder was measured by means of low-blow 

elastic tests on unnotched Charpy-type specimens. The instrumented force/time and 

force/displacement records of these low-blow tests were analyzed in accordance with the 

analytical procedure proposed by D. Ireland in a fundamental publication from 1974 [10].

For most Charpy systems, machine compliance can be obtained as the average of three 

separate values based on different analytical methods, and the expectation is that these three 

methods would provide compliance values which agree within 10 %. This was found to be the 

case for only half of the investigated NIST Charpy systems (machines + acquisition system). In 

most cases, good repeatability was found when comparing results for the three low-blow tests 

that were performed on each of the machines.

It was observed that machine compliance does not depend on initial potential energy or 

hammer weight, but on the structural characteristics of the machine and the hammer design

(striker and beam).

Knowledge of the machine compliance, and therefore of the elastic slope that should be 

measured from the early portion of an instrumented Charpy test record, is expected to increase 

the accuracy in the determination of the point of general yield.

Machine compliance can also be used for calculating the conversion factor between the 

output of the instrumented striker and the applied force. For the NIST Charpy systems, these 

dynamic conversion factors are systematically lower than those established by statically 

calibrating the strikers, although the difference is always lower than 5 %.
17

References

[1] D. W. Dunn, “A Photographic Impact Testing Machine for Measuring the Varying 

Intensity of an Impulsive Force,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol. CXLIV, No. 5, 

Nov 1897, pp. 321-348.

[2] S. B. Russell, “Experiments with a New Machine for Testing Materials by Impact,” 

Transactions, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 39, No. 826, 1898, pp. 237-250.

[3] M. P. Manahan and T. A. Siewert, “The History of Instrumented Impact Testing,” Journal 

of ASTM International, Vol. 3, No. 2, February 2006.

[4] ISO 14556:2000, “Steel -- Charpy V-notch pendulum impact test -- Instrumented test 

method,” International Standards Organization.

[5] ASTM E2298-13a, “Standard Test Method for Instrumented Impact Testing of Metallic 

Materials,” ASTM Book of Standards, Vol. 03.01, 2014.

[6] ASTM E1820-13, “Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness,” 

ASTM Book of Standards, Vol. 03.01, 2014.

[7] H. J. Saxton, D. R. Ireland, and W. L. Server, “Analysis and Control of Inertial Effects 

During Instrumented Impact Testing,” Instrumented Impact Testing, ASTM STP 563, T. S. 

DeSisto, Ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA, 1974, 

pp. 50-73.

[8] W. L. Server, “General Yielding of Charpy V-Notch and Precracked Charpy Specimens,” 

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Vol. 100, Apr 1978, pp. 183-187.

[9] R. K. Nanstad and M. A. Sokolov, “Charpy Impact Test Results on Five Materials and 

NIST Verification Specimens Using Instrumented 2-mm and 8-mm Strikers,” Pendulum 

Impact Machines: Procedures and Specimens for Verification, ASTM STP 1248, T. A. 

Siewert and A. K. Schmieder, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, 

Philadelphia PA, 1995, pp. 111-139.

[10] D. R. Ireland, “Procedures and Problems Associated with Reliable Control of the 

Instrumented Impact Test,” Instrumented Impact Testing, ASTM STP 563, T. S. DeSisto, 

Ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA, 1974, pp. 3-29.

[11] K. R. Iyer and R. B. Miclot, “Instrumented Charpy Testing for Determination of the 

J-Integral,” Instrumented Impact Testing, ASTM STP 563, T. S. DeSisto, Ed., American 

Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA, 1974, pp. 146-165.

[12] W. R. Server and D. R. Ireland, “Nonstandard Test Techniques Utilizing the Instrumented 

Charpy and Izod Test,” Instrumented Impact Testing, ASTM STP 563, T. S. DeSisto, Ed., 

American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA, 1974, pp. 74-91.

[13] A. H. Priest and M. J. May, “Fracture Toughness Testing in Impact,” NDACSS A86, 1969.

[14] C. E. Turner, P. Kennish, L. E. Culver, and J. C. Radon, “A Study of the Mechanics of 

Notched-Bar Impact Tests,” Imperial College Department of Mechanical Engineering, 

Final Report to Navy Department, Advisory Committee on Structural Steels, June 1970.

[15] E. Lucon, “Miniaturized Charpy Specimens for the Indirect Verification of Small-Scale 

Charpy Machines: Initial Qualification Phase,” NIST Technical Note 1562-1, July 2012.
ANNEX 1

Tables of Experimental Compliance Values 

for the NIST Charpy Systems
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TO2 + JS1

Machine compliance: 0.01252 mm/kN

Specimen type:

Thickness B (mm) =

Span S (mm) =

Width W (mm) =

Notch depth a (mm) =

a/W =

f(a/W) =

T E Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp

(°C) (N/mm2

)

-180 217800 0.01083 0.02335 0.01444 0.02696 0.01624 0.02876 0.02166 0.03418 0.03248 0.04500 0.04331 0.05583

-175 217500 0.01084 0.02336 0.01446 0.02698 0.01626 0.02878 0.02169 0.03421 0.03253 0.04505 0.04337 0.05589

-170 217200 0.01086 0.02338 0.01448 0.02700 0.01629 0.02881 0.02172 0.03424 0.03257 0.04509 0.04343 0.05595

-165 216900 0.01087 0.02339 0.01450 0.02702 0.01631 0.02883 0.02175 0.03427 0.03262 0.04514 0.04349 0.05601

-160 216600 0.01089 0.02341 0.01452 0.02704 0.01633 0.02885 0.02178 0.03430 0.03266 0.04518 0.04355 0.05607

-155 216300 0.01090 0.02342 0.01454 0.02706 0.01636 0.02887 0.02181 0.03433 0.03271 0.04523 0.04361 0.05613

-150 216000 0.01092 0.02344 0.01456 0.02708 0.01638 0.02890 0.02184 0.03436 0.03276 0.04527 0.04367 0.05619

-145 215700 0.01093 0.02345 0.01458 0.02710 0.01640 0.02892 0.02187 0.03439 0.03280 0.04532 0.04373 0.05625

-140 215400 0.01095 0.02347 0.01460 0.02712 0.01642 0.02894 0.02190 0.03442 0.03285 0.04537 0.04380 0.05631

-135 215100 0.01096 0.02348 0.01462 0.02714 0.01645 0.02897 0.02193 0.03445 0.03289 0.04541 0.04386 0.05638

-130 214800 0.01098 0.02350 0.01464 0.02716 0.01647 0.02899 0.02196 0.03448 0.03294 0.04546 0.04392 0.05644

-125 214500 0.01099 0.02351 0.01466 0.02718 0.01649 0.02901 0.02199 0.03451 0.03298 0.04550 0.04398 0.05650

-120 214200 0.01101 0.02353 0.01468 0.02720 0.01652 0.02903 0.02202 0.03454 0.03303 0.04555 0.04404 0.05656

-115 213900 0.01103 0.02354 0.01470 0.02722 0.01654 0.02906 0.02205 0.03457 0.03308 0.04560 0.04410 0.05662

-110 213600 0.01104 0.02356 0.01472 0.02724 0.01656 0.02908 0.02208 0.03460 0.03312 0.04564 0.04416 0.05668

-105 213300 0.01106 0.02358 0.01474 0.02726 0.01659 0.02910 0.02211 0.03463 0.03317 0.04569 0.04423 0.05675

-100 213000 0.01107 0.02359 0.01476 0.02728 0.01661 0.02913 0.02214 0.03466 0.03322 0.04574 0.04429 0.05681

-95 212700 0.01109 0.02361 0.01478 0.02730 0.01663 0.02915 0.02218 0.03470 0.03326 0.04578 0.04435 0.05687

-90 212400 0.01110 0.02362 0.01480 0.02732 0.01666 0.02917 0.02221 0.03473 0.03331 0.04583 0.04441 0.05693

-85 212100 0.01112 0.02364 0.01483 0.02734 0.01668 0.02920 0.02224 0.03476 0.03336 0.04588 0.04448 0.05700

-80 211800 0.01114 0.02365 0.01485 0.02737 0.01670 0.02922 0.02227 0.03479 0.03341 0.04592 0.04454 0.05706

-75 211500 0.01115 0.02367 0.01487 0.02739 0.01673 0.02925 0.02230 0.03482 0.03345 0.04597 0.04460 0.05712

-70 211200 0.01117 0.02369 0.01489 0.02741 0.01675 0.02927 0.02233 0.03485 0.03350 0.04602 0.04467 0.05719

-65 210900 0.01118 0.02370 0.01491 0.02743 0.01677 0.02929 0.02237 0.03488 0.03355 0.04607 0.04473 0.05725

-60 210600 0.01120 0.02372 0.01493 0.02745 0.01680 0.02932 0.02240 0.03492 0.03360 0.04611 0.04479 0.05731

-55 210300 0.01121 0.02373 0.01495 0.02747 0.01682 0.02934 0.02243 0.03495 0.03364 0.04616 0.04486 0.05738

-50 210000 0.01123 0.02375 0.01497 0.02749 0.01685 0.02936 0.02246 0.03498 0.03369 0.04621 0.04492 0.05744

-45 209700 0.01125 0.02377 0.01500 0.02751 0.01687 0.02939 0.02249 0.03501 0.03374 0.04626 0.04499 0.05751

-40 209400 0.01126 0.02378 0.01502 0.02754 0.01689 0.02941 0.02253 0.03504 0.03379 0.04631 0.04505 0.05757

-35 209100 0.01128 0.02380 0.01504 0.02756 0.01692 0.02944 0.02256 0.03508 0.03384 0.04636 0.04512 0.05763

-30 208800 0.01130 0.02381 0.01506 0.02758 0.01694 0.02946 0.02259 0.03511 0.03389 0.04640 0.04518 0.05770

-25 208500 0.01131 0.02383 0.01508 0.02760 0.01697 0.02949 0.02262 0.03514 0.03393 0.04645 0.04525 0.05776

-20 208200 0.01133 0.02385 0.01510 0.02762 0.01699 0.02951 0.02266 0.03517 0.03398 0.04650 0.04531 0.05783

-15 207900 0.01134 0.02386 0.01513 0.02764 0.01702 0.02954 0.02269 0.03521 0.03403 0.04655 0.04538 0.05789

-10 207600 0.01136 0.02388 0.01515 0.02767 0.01704 0.02956 0.02272 0.03524 0.03408 0.04660 0.04544 0.05796

-5 207300 0.01138 0.02390 0.01517 0.02769 0.01707 0.02958 0.02275 0.03527 0.03413 0.04665 0.04551 0.05803

0 207000 0.01139 0.02391 0.01519 0.02771 0.01709 0.02961 0.02279 0.03531 0.03418 0.04670 0.04557 0.05809

5 206700 0.01141 0.02393 0.01521 0.02773 0.01711 0.02963 0.02282 0.03534 0.03423 0.04675 0.04564 0.05816

10 206400 0.01143 0.02395 0.01524 0.02775 0.01714 0.02966 0.02285 0.03537 0.03428 0.04680 0.04571 0.05822

15 206100 0.01144 0.02396 0.01526 0.02778 0.01716 0.02968 0.02289 0.03541 0.03433 0.04685 0.04577 0.05829

20 205800 0.01146 0.02398 0.01528 0.02780 0.01719 0.02971 0.02292 0.03544 0.03438 0.04690 0.04584 0.05836

21 205740 0.01146 0.02398 0.01528 0.02780 0.01719 0.02971 0.02293 0.03545 0.03439 0.04691 0.04585 0.05837

22 205680 0.01147 0.02399 0.01529 0.02781 0.01720 0.02972 0.02293 0.03545 0.03440 0.04692 0.04587 0.05838

23 205620 0.01147 0.02399 0.01529 0.02781 0.01720 0.02972 0.02294 0.03546 0.03441 0.04693 0.04588 0.05840

24 205560 0.01147 0.02399 0.01530 0.02782 0.01721 0.02973 0.02295 0.03547 0.03442 0.04694 0.04589 0.05841

25 205500 0.01148 0.02400 0.01530 0.02782 0.01721 0.02973 0.02295 0.03547 0.03443 0.04695 0.04591 0.05842

30 205200 0.01149 0.02401 0.01532 0.02784 0.01724 0.02976 0.02299 0.03551 0.03448 0.04700 0.04597 0.05849

35 204900 0.01151 0.02403 0.01535 0.02787 0.01726 0.02978 0.02302 0.03554 0.03453 0.04705 0.04604 0.05856

0.9433584

1/4-SS

(mm/kN)

1/4-SS

2.5

40

10

2

0.2 0.2

0.9433584

1/3-SS

(mm/kN)

1/2-SS

5

40

1/3-SS

3.33

40

10

2

10

2

0.2

0.9433584

2/3-SS

6.67

40

10

2

CVN

0.2

0.9433584

CVN

3/4-SS

7.5

40

10

2

0.2

0.9433584

3/4-SS

10

40

10

2

1/2-SS

(mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN)

0.2

0.9433584

2/3-SS

(mm/kN)
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TO2 + JS1

40 204600 0.01153 0.02405 0.01537 0.02789 0.01729 0.02981 0.02305 0.03557 0.03458 0.04710 0.04611 0.05863

45 204300 0.01154 0.02406 0.01539 0.02791 0.01732 0.02983 0.02309 0.03561 0.03463 0.04715 0.04618 0.05869

50 204000 0.01156 0.02408 0.01541 0.02793 0.01734 0.02986 0.02312 0.03564 0.03468 0.04720 0.04624 0.05876

55 203700 0.01158 0.02410 0.01544 0.02796 0.01737 0.02989 0.02316 0.03567 0.03473 0.04725 0.04631 0.05883

60 203400 0.01159 0.02411 0.01546 0.02798 0.01739 0.02991 0.02319 0.03571 0.03478 0.04730 0.04638 0.05890

65 203100 0.01161 0.02413 0.01548 0.02800 0.01742 0.02994 0.02322 0.03574 0.03484 0.04736 0.04645 0.05897

70 202800 0.01163 0.02415 0.01551 0.02802 0.01744 0.02996 0.02326 0.03578 0.03489 0.04741 0.04652 0.05904

75 202500 0.01165 0.02417 0.01553 0.02805 0.01747 0.02999 0.02329 0.03581 0.03494 0.04746 0.04659 0.05910

80 202200 0.01166 0.02418 0.01555 0.02807 0.01750 0.03001 0.02333 0.03585 0.03499 0.04751 0.04665 0.05917

85 201900 0.01168 0.02420 0.01557 0.02809 0.01752 0.03004 0.02336 0.03588 0.03504 0.04756 0.04672 0.05924

90 201600 0.01170 0.02422 0.01560 0.02812 0.01755 0.03007 0.02340 0.03592 0.03510 0.04761 0.04679 0.05931

95 201300 0.01172 0.02424 0.01562 0.02814 0.01757 0.03009 0.02343 0.03595 0.03515 0.04767 0.04686 0.05938

100 201000 0.01173 0.02425 0.01564 0.02816 0.01760 0.03012 0.02347 0.03599 0.03520 0.04772 0.04693 0.05945

105 200700 0.01175 0.02427 0.01567 0.02819 0.01763 0.03015 0.02350 0.03602 0.03525 0.04777 0.04700 0.05952

110 200400 0.01177 0.02429 0.01569 0.02821 0.01765 0.03017 0.02354 0.03606 0.03531 0.04782 0.04707 0.05959

115 200100 0.01179 0.02431 0.01571 0.02823 0.01768 0.03020 0.02357 0.03609 0.03536 0.04788 0.04714 0.05966

120 199800 0.01180 0.02432 0.01574 0.02826 0.01771 0.03022 0.02361 0.03613 0.03541 0.04793 0.04722 0.05973

125 199500 0.01182 0.02434 0.01576 0.02828 0.01773 0.03025 0.02364 0.03616 0.03546 0.04798 0.04729 0.05981

130 199200 0.01184 0.02436 0.01579 0.02831 0.01776 0.03028 0.02368 0.03620 0.03552 0.04804 0.04736 0.05988

135 198900 0.01186 0.02438 0.01581 0.02833 0.01779 0.03031 0.02371 0.03623 0.03557 0.04809 0.04743 0.05995

140 198600 0.01188 0.02439 0.01583 0.02835 0.01781 0.03033 0.02375 0.03627 0.03563 0.04814 0.04750 0.06002

145 198300 0.01189 0.02441 0.01586 0.02838 0.01784 0.03036 0.02379 0.03631 0.03568 0.04820 0.04757 0.06009

150 198000 0.01191 0.02443 0.01588 0.02840 0.01787 0.03039 0.02382 0.03634 0.03573 0.04825 0.04764 0.06016

155 197700 0.01193 0.02445 0.01591 0.02842 0.01789 0.03041 0.02386 0.03638 0.03579 0.04831 0.04772 0.06024

160 197400 0.01195 0.02447 0.01593 0.02845 0.01792 0.03044 0.02389 0.03641 0.03584 0.04836 0.04779 0.06031

165 197100 0.01197 0.02448 0.01595 0.02847 0.01795 0.03047 0.02393 0.03645 0.03590 0.04842 0.04786 0.06038

170 196800 0.01198 0.02450 0.01598 0.02850 0.01798 0.03049 0.02397 0.03649 0.03595 0.04847 0.04793 0.06045

175 196500 0.01200 0.02452 0.01600 0.02852 0.01800 0.03052 0.02400 0.03652 0.03601 0.04853 0.04801 0.06053

180 196200 0.01202 0.02454 0.01603 0.02855 0.01803 0.03055 0.02404 0.03656 0.03606 0.04858 0.04808 0.06060

185 195900 0.01204 0.02456 0.01605 0.02857 0.01806 0.03058 0.02408 0.03660 0.03612 0.04864 0.04816 0.06067

190 195600 0.01206 0.02458 0.01608 0.02860 0.01809 0.03061 0.02411 0.03663 0.03617 0.04869 0.04823 0.06075

195 195300 0.01208 0.02459 0.01610 0.02862 0.01811 0.03063 0.02415 0.03667 0.03623 0.04875 0.04830 0.06082

200 195000 0.01209 0.02461 0.01613 0.02865 0.01814 0.03066 0.02419 0.03671 0.03628 0.04880 0.04838 0.06090

205 194700 0.01211 0.02463 0.01615 0.02867 0.01817 0.03069 0.02423 0.03675 0.03634 0.04886 0.04845 0.06097

210 194400 0.01213 0.02465 0.01618 0.02869 0.01820 0.03072 0.02426 0.03678 0.03640 0.04891 0.04853 0.06105

215 194100 0.01215 0.02467 0.01620 0.02872 0.01823 0.03074 0.02430 0.03682 0.03645 0.04897 0.04860 0.06112

220 193800 0.01217 0.02469 0.01623 0.02874 0.01825 0.03077 0.02434 0.03686 0.03651 0.04903 0.04868 0.06120

225 193500 0.01219 0.02471 0.01625 0.02877 0.01828 0.03080 0.02438 0.03690 0.03656 0.04908 0.04875 0.06127

230 193200 0.01221 0.02473 0.01628 0.02880 0.01831 0.03083 0.02441 0.03693 0.03662 0.04914 0.04883 0.06135

235 192900 0.01223 0.02475 0.01630 0.02882 0.01834 0.03086 0.02445 0.03697 0.03668 0.04920 0.04890 0.06142

240 192600 0.01225 0.02476 0.01633 0.02885 0.01837 0.03089 0.02449 0.03701 0.03674 0.04925 0.04898 0.06150

245 192300 0.01226 0.02478 0.01635 0.02887 0.01840 0.03092 0.02453 0.03705 0.03679 0.04931 0.04906 0.06158

250 192000 0.01228 0.02480 0.01638 0.02890 0.01842 0.03094 0.02457 0.03709 0.03685 0.04937 0.04913 0.06165

255 191700 0.01230 0.02482 0.01640 0.02892 0.01845 0.03097 0.02461 0.03712 0.03691 0.04943 0.04921 0.06173

260 191400 0.01232 0.02484 0.01643 0.02895 0.01848 0.03100 0.02464 0.03716 0.03697 0.04948 0.04929 0.06181

265 191100 0.01234 0.02486 0.01645 0.02897 0.01851 0.03103 0.02468 0.03720 0.03702 0.04954 0.04936 0.06188

270 190800 0.01236 0.02488 0.01648 0.02900 0.01854 0.03106 0.02472 0.03724 0.03708 0.04960 0.04944 0.06196

275 190500 0.01238 0.02490 0.01651 0.02903 0.01857 0.03109 0.02476 0.03728 0.03714 0.04966 0.04952 0.06204

280 190200 0.01240 0.02492 0.01653 0.02905 0.01860 0.03112 0.02480 0.03732 0.03720 0.04972 0.04960 0.06212

285 189900 0.01242 0.02494 0.01656 0.02908 0.01863 0.03115 0.02484 0.03736 0.03726 0.04978 0.04968 0.06220

290 189600 0.01244 0.02496 0.01659 0.02910 0.01866 0.03118 0.02488 0.03740 0.03732 0.04984 0.04976 0.06227

295 189300 0.01246 0.02498 0.01661 0.02913 0.01869 0.03121 0.02492 0.03744 0.03738 0.04989 0.04983 0.06235

300 189000 0.01248 0.02500 0.01664 0.02916 0.01872 0.03124 0.02496 0.03748 0.03743 0.04995 0.04991 0.06243
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TO3 + JS1

Machine compliance: 0.01223 mm/kN

Specimen type:

Thickness B (mm) =

Span S (mm) =

Width W (mm) =

Notch depth a (mm) =

a/W =

f(a/W) =

T E Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp

(°C) (N/mm2

)

-180 217800 0.01083 0.02306 0.01444 0.02667 0.01624 0.02848 0.02166 0.03389 0.03248 0.04472 0.04331 0.05555

-175 217500 0.01084 0.02308 0.01446 0.02669 0.01626 0.02850 0.02169 0.03392 0.03253 0.04476 0.04337 0.05561

-170 217200 0.01086 0.02309 0.01448 0.02671 0.01629 0.02852 0.02172 0.03395 0.03257 0.04481 0.04343 0.05567

-165 216900 0.01087 0.02311 0.01450 0.02673 0.01631 0.02854 0.02175 0.03398 0.03262 0.04485 0.04349 0.05573

-160 216600 0.01089 0.02312 0.01452 0.02675 0.01633 0.02857 0.02178 0.03401 0.03266 0.04490 0.04355 0.05579

-155 216300 0.01090 0.02314 0.01454 0.02677 0.01636 0.02859 0.02181 0.03404 0.03271 0.04494 0.04361 0.05585

-150 216000 0.01092 0.02315 0.01456 0.02679 0.01638 0.02861 0.02184 0.03407 0.03276 0.04499 0.04367 0.05591

-145 215700 0.01093 0.02317 0.01458 0.02681 0.01640 0.02863 0.02187 0.03410 0.03280 0.04503 0.04373 0.05597

-140 215400 0.01095 0.02318 0.01460 0.02683 0.01642 0.02866 0.02190 0.03413 0.03285 0.04508 0.04380 0.05603

-135 215100 0.01096 0.02320 0.01462 0.02685 0.01645 0.02868 0.02193 0.03416 0.03289 0.04513 0.04386 0.05609

-130 214800 0.01098 0.02321 0.01464 0.02687 0.01647 0.02870 0.02196 0.03419 0.03294 0.04517 0.04392 0.05615

-125 214500 0.01099 0.02323 0.01466 0.02689 0.01649 0.02873 0.02199 0.03422 0.03298 0.04522 0.04398 0.05621

-120 214200 0.01101 0.02324 0.01468 0.02691 0.01652 0.02875 0.02202 0.03425 0.03303 0.04526 0.04404 0.05627

-115 213900 0.01103 0.02326 0.01470 0.02693 0.01654 0.02877 0.02205 0.03428 0.03308 0.04531 0.04410 0.05634

-110 213600 0.01104 0.02327 0.01472 0.02695 0.01656 0.02880 0.02208 0.03432 0.03312 0.04536 0.04416 0.05640

-105 213300 0.01106 0.02329 0.01474 0.02698 0.01659 0.02882 0.02211 0.03435 0.03317 0.04540 0.04423 0.05646

-100 213000 0.01107 0.02331 0.01476 0.02700 0.01661 0.02884 0.02214 0.03438 0.03322 0.04545 0.04429 0.05652

-95 212700 0.01109 0.02332 0.01478 0.02702 0.01663 0.02887 0.02218 0.03441 0.03326 0.04550 0.04435 0.05658

-90 212400 0.01110 0.02334 0.01480 0.02704 0.01666 0.02889 0.02221 0.03444 0.03331 0.04554 0.04441 0.05665

-85 212100 0.01112 0.02335 0.01483 0.02706 0.01668 0.02891 0.02224 0.03447 0.03336 0.04559 0.04448 0.05671

-80 211800 0.01114 0.02337 0.01485 0.02708 0.01670 0.02894 0.02227 0.03450 0.03341 0.04564 0.04454 0.05677

-75 211500 0.01115 0.02338 0.01487 0.02710 0.01673 0.02896 0.02230 0.03453 0.03345 0.04569 0.04460 0.05684

-70 211200 0.01117 0.02340 0.01489 0.02712 0.01675 0.02898 0.02233 0.03457 0.03350 0.04573 0.04467 0.05690

-65 210900 0.01118 0.02342 0.01491 0.02714 0.01677 0.02901 0.02237 0.03460 0.03355 0.04578 0.04473 0.05696

-60 210600 0.01120 0.02343 0.01493 0.02716 0.01680 0.02903 0.02240 0.03463 0.03360 0.04583 0.04479 0.05703

-55 210300 0.01121 0.02345 0.01495 0.02719 0.01682 0.02905 0.02243 0.03466 0.03364 0.04588 0.04486 0.05709

-50 210000 0.01123 0.02346 0.01497 0.02721 0.01685 0.02908 0.02246 0.03469 0.03369 0.04592 0.04492 0.05716

-45 209700 0.01125 0.02348 0.01500 0.02723 0.01687 0.02910 0.02249 0.03473 0.03374 0.04597 0.04499 0.05722

-40 209400 0.01126 0.02350 0.01502 0.02725 0.01689 0.02913 0.02253 0.03476 0.03379 0.04602 0.04505 0.05728

-35 209100 0.01128 0.02351 0.01504 0.02727 0.01692 0.02915 0.02256 0.03479 0.03384 0.04607 0.04512 0.05735

-30 208800 0.01130 0.02353 0.01506 0.02729 0.01694 0.02918 0.02259 0.03482 0.03389 0.04612 0.04518 0.05741

-25 208500 0.01131 0.02354 0.01508 0.02731 0.01697 0.02920 0.02262 0.03486 0.03393 0.04617 0.04525 0.05748

-20 208200 0.01133 0.02356 0.01510 0.02734 0.01699 0.02922 0.02266 0.03489 0.03398 0.04622 0.04531 0.05754

-15 207900 0.01134 0.02358 0.01513 0.02736 0.01702 0.02925 0.02269 0.03492 0.03403 0.04627 0.04538 0.05761

-10 207600 0.01136 0.02359 0.01515 0.02738 0.01704 0.02927 0.02272 0.03495 0.03408 0.04631 0.04544 0.05767

-5 207300 0.01138 0.02361 0.01517 0.02740 0.01707 0.02930 0.02275 0.03499 0.03413 0.04636 0.04551 0.05774

0 207000 0.01139 0.02363 0.01519 0.02742 0.01709 0.02932 0.02279 0.03502 0.03418 0.04641 0.04557 0.05781

5 206700 0.01141 0.02364 0.01521 0.02745 0.01711 0.02935 0.02282 0.03505 0.03423 0.04646 0.04564 0.05787

10 206400 0.01143 0.02366 0.01524 0.02747 0.01714 0.02937 0.02285 0.03509 0.03428 0.04651 0.04571 0.05794

15 206100 0.01144 0.02368 0.01526 0.02749 0.01716 0.02940 0.02289 0.03512 0.03433 0.04656 0.04577 0.05801

20 205800 0.01146 0.02369 0.01528 0.02751 0.01719 0.02942 0.02292 0.03515 0.03438 0.04661 0.04584 0.05807

21 205740 0.01146 0.02370 0.01528 0.02752 0.01719 0.02943 0.02293 0.03516 0.03439 0.04662 0.04585 0.05809

22 205680 0.01147 0.02370 0.01529 0.02752 0.01720 0.02943 0.02293 0.03517 0.03440 0.04663 0.04587 0.05810

23 205620 0.01147 0.02370 0.01529 0.02753 0.01720 0.02944 0.02294 0.03517 0.03441 0.04664 0.04588 0.05811

24 205560 0.01147 0.02371 0.01530 0.02753 0.01721 0.02944 0.02295 0.03518 0.03442 0.04665 0.04589 0.05813

25 205500 0.01148 0.02371 0.01530 0.02754 0.01721 0.02945 0.02295 0.03519 0.03443 0.04666 0.04591 0.05814

30 205200 0.01149 0.02373 0.01532 0.02756 0.01724 0.02947 0.02299 0.03522 0.03448 0.04671 0.04597 0.05821

35 204900 0.01151 0.02374 0.01535 0.02758 0.01726 0.02950 0.02302 0.03525 0.03453 0.04676 0.04604 0.05827

(mm/kN)

CVN 3/4-SS 2/3-SS 1/2-SS 1/3-SS 1/4-SS

(mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN)

0.9433584

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584

2

10 10 10 10 10 10

2 2 2 2 2

40

10 7.5 6.67 5 3.33 2.5

40 40 40 40 40

CVN 3/4-SS 2/3-SS 1/2-SS 1/3-SS 1/4-SS
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TO3 + JS1

40 204600 0.01153 0.02376 0.01537 0.02760 0.01729 0.02952 0.02305 0.03529 0.03458 0.04681 0.04611 0.05834

45 204300 0.01154 0.02378 0.01539 0.02763 0.01732 0.02955 0.02309 0.03532 0.03463 0.04686 0.04618 0.05841

50 204000 0.01156 0.02379 0.01541 0.02765 0.01734 0.02957 0.02312 0.03535 0.03468 0.04692 0.04624 0.05848

55 203700 0.01158 0.02381 0.01544 0.02767 0.01737 0.02960 0.02316 0.03539 0.03473 0.04697 0.04631 0.05854

60 203400 0.01159 0.02383 0.01546 0.02769 0.01739 0.02963 0.02319 0.03542 0.03478 0.04702 0.04638 0.05861

65 203100 0.01161 0.02385 0.01548 0.02772 0.01742 0.02965 0.02322 0.03546 0.03484 0.04707 0.04645 0.05868

70 202800 0.01163 0.02386 0.01551 0.02774 0.01744 0.02968 0.02326 0.03549 0.03489 0.04712 0.04652 0.05875

75 202500 0.01165 0.02388 0.01553 0.02776 0.01747 0.02970 0.02329 0.03553 0.03494 0.04717 0.04659 0.05882

80 202200 0.01166 0.02390 0.01555 0.02778 0.01750 0.02973 0.02333 0.03556 0.03499 0.04722 0.04665 0.05889

85 201900 0.01168 0.02391 0.01557 0.02781 0.01752 0.02975 0.02336 0.03560 0.03504 0.04728 0.04672 0.05896

90 201600 0.01170 0.02393 0.01560 0.02783 0.01755 0.02978 0.02340 0.03563 0.03510 0.04733 0.04679 0.05903

95 201300 0.01172 0.02395 0.01562 0.02785 0.01757 0.02981 0.02343 0.03566 0.03515 0.04738 0.04686 0.05910

100 201000 0.01173 0.02397 0.01564 0.02788 0.01760 0.02983 0.02347 0.03570 0.03520 0.04743 0.04693 0.05917

105 200700 0.01175 0.02398 0.01567 0.02790 0.01763 0.02986 0.02350 0.03574 0.03525 0.04749 0.04700 0.05924

110 200400 0.01177 0.02400 0.01569 0.02792 0.01765 0.02989 0.02354 0.03577 0.03531 0.04754 0.04707 0.05931

115 200100 0.01179 0.02402 0.01571 0.02795 0.01768 0.02991 0.02357 0.03581 0.03536 0.04759 0.04714 0.05938

120 199800 0.01180 0.02404 0.01574 0.02797 0.01771 0.02994 0.02361 0.03584 0.03541 0.04764 0.04722 0.05945

125 199500 0.01182 0.02405 0.01576 0.02800 0.01773 0.02997 0.02364 0.03588 0.03546 0.04770 0.04729 0.05952

130 199200 0.01184 0.02407 0.01579 0.02802 0.01776 0.02999 0.02368 0.03591 0.03552 0.04775 0.04736 0.05959

135 198900 0.01186 0.02409 0.01581 0.02804 0.01779 0.03002 0.02371 0.03595 0.03557 0.04780 0.04743 0.05966

140 198600 0.01188 0.02411 0.01583 0.02807 0.01781 0.03005 0.02375 0.03598 0.03563 0.04786 0.04750 0.05973

145 198300 0.01189 0.02413 0.01586 0.02809 0.01784 0.03007 0.02379 0.03602 0.03568 0.04791 0.04757 0.05981

150 198000 0.01191 0.02414 0.01588 0.02811 0.01787 0.03010 0.02382 0.03606 0.03573 0.04797 0.04764 0.05988

155 197700 0.01193 0.02416 0.01591 0.02814 0.01789 0.03013 0.02386 0.03609 0.03579 0.04802 0.04772 0.05995

160 197400 0.01195 0.02418 0.01593 0.02816 0.01792 0.03015 0.02389 0.03613 0.03584 0.04808 0.04779 0.06002

165 197100 0.01197 0.02420 0.01595 0.02819 0.01795 0.03018 0.02393 0.03616 0.03590 0.04813 0.04786 0.06010

170 196800 0.01198 0.02422 0.01598 0.02821 0.01798 0.03021 0.02397 0.03620 0.03595 0.04818 0.04793 0.06017

175 196500 0.01200 0.02424 0.01600 0.02824 0.01800 0.03024 0.02400 0.03624 0.03601 0.04824 0.04801 0.06024

180 196200 0.01202 0.02425 0.01603 0.02826 0.01803 0.03026 0.02404 0.03627 0.03606 0.04829 0.04808 0.06031

185 195900 0.01204 0.02427 0.01605 0.02829 0.01806 0.03029 0.02408 0.03631 0.03612 0.04835 0.04816 0.06039

190 195600 0.01206 0.02429 0.01608 0.02831 0.01809 0.03032 0.02411 0.03635 0.03617 0.04841 0.04823 0.06046

195 195300 0.01208 0.02431 0.01610 0.02833 0.01811 0.03035 0.02415 0.03638 0.03623 0.04846 0.04830 0.06054

200 195000 0.01209 0.02433 0.01613 0.02836 0.01814 0.03037 0.02419 0.03642 0.03628 0.04852 0.04838 0.06061

205 194700 0.01211 0.02435 0.01615 0.02838 0.01817 0.03040 0.02423 0.03646 0.03634 0.04857 0.04845 0.06069

210 194400 0.01213 0.02436 0.01618 0.02841 0.01820 0.03043 0.02426 0.03650 0.03640 0.04863 0.04853 0.06076

215 194100 0.01215 0.02438 0.01620 0.02843 0.01823 0.03046 0.02430 0.03653 0.03645 0.04868 0.04860 0.06083

220 193800 0.01217 0.02440 0.01623 0.02846 0.01825 0.03049 0.02434 0.03657 0.03651 0.04874 0.04868 0.06091

225 193500 0.01219 0.02442 0.01625 0.02848 0.01828 0.03052 0.02438 0.03661 0.03656 0.04880 0.04875 0.06099

230 193200 0.01221 0.02444 0.01628 0.02851 0.01831 0.03054 0.02441 0.03665 0.03662 0.04885 0.04883 0.06106

235 192900 0.01223 0.02446 0.01630 0.02853 0.01834 0.03057 0.02445 0.03669 0.03668 0.04891 0.04890 0.06114

240 192600 0.01225 0.02448 0.01633 0.02856 0.01837 0.03060 0.02449 0.03672 0.03674 0.04897 0.04898 0.06121

245 192300 0.01226 0.02450 0.01635 0.02859 0.01840 0.03063 0.02453 0.03676 0.03679 0.04903 0.04906 0.06129

250 192000 0.01228 0.02452 0.01638 0.02861 0.01842 0.03066 0.02457 0.03680 0.03685 0.04908 0.04913 0.06137

255 191700 0.01230 0.02454 0.01640 0.02864 0.01845 0.03069 0.02461 0.03684 0.03691 0.04914 0.04921 0.06144

260 191400 0.01232 0.02456 0.01643 0.02866 0.01848 0.03072 0.02464 0.03688 0.03697 0.04920 0.04929 0.06152

265 191100 0.01234 0.02457 0.01645 0.02869 0.01851 0.03075 0.02468 0.03692 0.03702 0.04926 0.04936 0.06160

270 190800 0.01236 0.02459 0.01648 0.02871 0.01854 0.03077 0.02472 0.03695 0.03708 0.04932 0.04944 0.06168

275 190500 0.01238 0.02461 0.01651 0.02874 0.01857 0.03080 0.02476 0.03699 0.03714 0.04937 0.04952 0.06175

280 190200 0.01240 0.02463 0.01653 0.02877 0.01860 0.03083 0.02480 0.03703 0.03720 0.04943 0.04960 0.06183

285 189900 0.01242 0.02465 0.01656 0.02879 0.01863 0.03086 0.02484 0.03707 0.03726 0.04949 0.04968 0.06191

290 189600 0.01244 0.02467 0.01659 0.02882 0.01866 0.03089 0.02488 0.03711 0.03732 0.04955 0.04976 0.06199

295 189300 0.01246 0.02469 0.01661 0.02884 0.01869 0.03092 0.02492 0.03715 0.03738 0.04961 0.04983 0.06207

300 189000 0.01248 0.02471 0.01664 0.02887 0.01872 0.03095 0.02496 0.03719 0.03743 0.04967 0.04991 0.06215
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - MPM700 + JS1

Machine compliance: 0.0098 mm/kN

Specimen type:

Thickness B (mm) =

Span S (mm) =

Width W (mm) =

Notch depth a (mm) =

a/W =

f(a/W) =

T E Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp

(°C) (N/mm2

)

-180 217800 0.01083 0.02062 0.01444 0.02423 0.01624 0.02604 0.02166 0.03145 0.03248 0.04228 0.04331 0.05311

-175 217500 0.01084 0.02064 0.01446 0.02425 0.01626 0.02606 0.02169 0.03148 0.03253 0.04233 0.04337 0.05317

-170 217200 0.01086 0.02065 0.01448 0.02427 0.01629 0.02608 0.02172 0.03151 0.03257 0.04237 0.04343 0.05323

-165 216900 0.01087 0.02067 0.01450 0.02429 0.01631 0.02611 0.02175 0.03154 0.03262 0.04242 0.04349 0.05329

-160 216600 0.01089 0.02068 0.01452 0.02431 0.01633 0.02613 0.02178 0.03157 0.03266 0.04246 0.04355 0.05335

-155 216300 0.01090 0.02070 0.01454 0.02433 0.01636 0.02615 0.02181 0.03160 0.03271 0.04251 0.04361 0.05341

-150 216000 0.01092 0.02072 0.01456 0.02435 0.01638 0.02617 0.02184 0.03163 0.03276 0.04255 0.04367 0.05347

-145 215700 0.01093 0.02073 0.01458 0.02437 0.01640 0.02620 0.02187 0.03166 0.03280 0.04260 0.04373 0.05353

-140 215400 0.01095 0.02075 0.01460 0.02440 0.01642 0.02622 0.02190 0.03169 0.03285 0.04264 0.04380 0.05359

-135 215100 0.01096 0.02076 0.01462 0.02442 0.01645 0.02624 0.02193 0.03173 0.03289 0.04269 0.04386 0.05365

-130 214800 0.01098 0.02078 0.01464 0.02444 0.01647 0.02627 0.02196 0.03176 0.03294 0.04274 0.04392 0.05371

-125 214500 0.01099 0.02079 0.01466 0.02446 0.01649 0.02629 0.02199 0.03179 0.03298 0.04278 0.04398 0.05378

-120 214200 0.01101 0.02081 0.01468 0.02448 0.01652 0.02631 0.02202 0.03182 0.03303 0.04283 0.04404 0.05384

-115 213900 0.01103 0.02082 0.01470 0.02450 0.01654 0.02634 0.02205 0.03185 0.03308 0.04287 0.04410 0.05390

-110 213600 0.01104 0.02084 0.01472 0.02452 0.01656 0.02636 0.02208 0.03188 0.03312 0.04292 0.04416 0.05396

-105 213300 0.01106 0.02085 0.01474 0.02454 0.01659 0.02638 0.02211 0.03191 0.03317 0.04297 0.04423 0.05402

-100 213000 0.01107 0.02087 0.01476 0.02456 0.01661 0.02641 0.02214 0.03194 0.03322 0.04301 0.04429 0.05409

-95 212700 0.01109 0.02088 0.01478 0.02458 0.01663 0.02643 0.02218 0.03197 0.03326 0.04306 0.04435 0.05415

-90 212400 0.01110 0.02090 0.01480 0.02460 0.01666 0.02645 0.02221 0.03200 0.03331 0.04311 0.04441 0.05421

-85 212100 0.01112 0.02092 0.01483 0.02462 0.01668 0.02648 0.02224 0.03204 0.03336 0.04315 0.04448 0.05427

-80 211800 0.01114 0.02093 0.01485 0.02464 0.01670 0.02650 0.02227 0.03207 0.03341 0.04320 0.04454 0.05434

-75 211500 0.01115 0.02095 0.01487 0.02466 0.01673 0.02652 0.02230 0.03210 0.03345 0.04325 0.04460 0.05440

-70 211200 0.01117 0.02096 0.01489 0.02469 0.01675 0.02655 0.02233 0.03213 0.03350 0.04330 0.04467 0.05446

-65 210900 0.01118 0.02098 0.01491 0.02471 0.01677 0.02657 0.02237 0.03216 0.03355 0.04334 0.04473 0.05453

-60 210600 0.01120 0.02100 0.01493 0.02473 0.01680 0.02659 0.02240 0.03219 0.03360 0.04339 0.04479 0.05459

-55 210300 0.01121 0.02101 0.01495 0.02475 0.01682 0.02662 0.02243 0.03223 0.03364 0.04344 0.04486 0.05465

-50 210000 0.01123 0.02103 0.01497 0.02477 0.01685 0.02664 0.02246 0.03226 0.03369 0.04349 0.04492 0.05472

-45 209700 0.01125 0.02104 0.01500 0.02479 0.01687 0.02667 0.02249 0.03229 0.03374 0.04354 0.04499 0.05478

-40 209400 0.01126 0.02106 0.01502 0.02481 0.01689 0.02669 0.02253 0.03232 0.03379 0.04358 0.04505 0.05485

-35 209100 0.01128 0.02108 0.01504 0.02484 0.01692 0.02671 0.02256 0.03235 0.03384 0.04363 0.04512 0.05491

-30 208800 0.01130 0.02109 0.01506 0.02486 0.01694 0.02674 0.02259 0.03239 0.03389 0.04368 0.04518 0.05498

-25 208500 0.01131 0.02111 0.01508 0.02488 0.01697 0.02676 0.02262 0.03242 0.03393 0.04373 0.04525 0.05504

-20 208200 0.01133 0.02112 0.01510 0.02490 0.01699 0.02679 0.02266 0.03245 0.03398 0.04378 0.04531 0.05511

-15 207900 0.01134 0.02114 0.01513 0.02492 0.01702 0.02681 0.02269 0.03248 0.03403 0.04383 0.04538 0.05517

-10 207600 0.01136 0.02116 0.01515 0.02494 0.01704 0.02684 0.02272 0.03252 0.03408 0.04388 0.04544 0.05524

-5 207300 0.01138 0.02117 0.01517 0.02497 0.01707 0.02686 0.02275 0.03255 0.03413 0.04393 0.04551 0.05530

0 207000 0.01139 0.02119 0.01519 0.02499 0.01709 0.02689 0.02279 0.03258 0.03418 0.04398 0.04557 0.05537

5 206700 0.01141 0.02121 0.01521 0.02501 0.01711 0.02691 0.02282 0.03262 0.03423 0.04403 0.04564 0.05544

10 206400 0.01143 0.02122 0.01524 0.02503 0.01714 0.02694 0.02285 0.03265 0.03428 0.04408 0.04571 0.05550

15 206100 0.01144 0.02124 0.01526 0.02505 0.01716 0.02696 0.02289 0.03268 0.03433 0.04413 0.04577 0.05557

20 205800 0.01146 0.02126 0.01528 0.02508 0.01719 0.02699 0.02292 0.03272 0.03438 0.04418 0.04584 0.05564

21 205740 0.01146 0.02126 0.01528 0.02508 0.01719 0.02699 0.02293 0.03272 0.03439 0.04419 0.04585 0.05565

22 205680 0.01147 0.02126 0.01529 0.02509 0.01720 0.02700 0.02293 0.03273 0.03440 0.04420 0.04587 0.05566

23 205620 0.01147 0.02127 0.01529 0.02509 0.01720 0.02700 0.02294 0.03274 0.03441 0.04421 0.04588 0.05568

24 205560 0.01147 0.02127 0.01530 0.02509 0.01721 0.02701 0.02295 0.03274 0.03442 0.04422 0.04589 0.05569

25 205500 0.01148 0.02127 0.01530 0.02510 0.01721 0.02701 0.02295 0.03275 0.03443 0.04423 0.04591 0.05570

30 205200 0.01149 0.02129 0.01532 0.02512 0.01724 0.02704 0.02299 0.03278 0.03448 0.04428 0.04597 0.05577

35 204900 0.01151 0.02131 0.01535 0.02514 0.01726 0.02706 0.02302 0.03282 0.03453 0.04433 0.04604 0.05584

(mm/kN)

CVN 3/4-SS 2/3-SS 1/2-SS 1/3-SS 1/4-SS

(mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN)

0.9433584

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584

2

10 10 10 10 10 10

2 2 2 2 2

40

10 7.5 6.67 5 3.33 2.5

40 40 40 40 40

SS1 SS2

CVN 3/4-SS 2/3-SS 1/2-SS 1/3-SS 1/4-SS
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - MPM700 + JS1

40 204600 0.01153 0.02132 0.01537 0.02517 0.01729 0.02709 0.02305 0.03285 0.03458 0.04438 0.04611 0.05590

45 204300 0.01154 0.02134 0.01539 0.02519 0.01732 0.02711 0.02309 0.03288 0.03463 0.04443 0.04618 0.05597

50 204000 0.01156 0.02136 0.01541 0.02521 0.01734 0.02714 0.02312 0.03292 0.03468 0.04448 0.04624 0.05604

55 203700 0.01158 0.02137 0.01544 0.02523 0.01737 0.02716 0.02316 0.03295 0.03473 0.04453 0.04631 0.05611

60 203400 0.01159 0.02139 0.01546 0.02526 0.01739 0.02719 0.02319 0.03299 0.03478 0.04458 0.04638 0.05618

65 203100 0.01161 0.02141 0.01548 0.02528 0.01742 0.02721 0.02322 0.03302 0.03484 0.04463 0.04645 0.05624

70 202800 0.01163 0.02143 0.01551 0.02530 0.01744 0.02724 0.02326 0.03306 0.03489 0.04468 0.04652 0.05631

75 202500 0.01165 0.02144 0.01553 0.02533 0.01747 0.02727 0.02329 0.03309 0.03494 0.04474 0.04659 0.05638

80 202200 0.01166 0.02146 0.01555 0.02535 0.01750 0.02729 0.02333 0.03312 0.03499 0.04479 0.04665 0.05645

85 201900 0.01168 0.02148 0.01557 0.02537 0.01752 0.02732 0.02336 0.03316 0.03504 0.04484 0.04672 0.05652

90 201600 0.01170 0.02150 0.01560 0.02539 0.01755 0.02734 0.02340 0.03319 0.03510 0.04489 0.04679 0.05659

95 201300 0.01172 0.02151 0.01562 0.02542 0.01757 0.02737 0.02343 0.03323 0.03515 0.04494 0.04686 0.05666

100 201000 0.01173 0.02153 0.01564 0.02544 0.01760 0.02740 0.02347 0.03326 0.03520 0.04500 0.04693 0.05673

105 200700 0.01175 0.02155 0.01567 0.02546 0.01763 0.02742 0.02350 0.03330 0.03525 0.04505 0.04700 0.05680

110 200400 0.01177 0.02157 0.01569 0.02549 0.01765 0.02745 0.02354 0.03333 0.03531 0.04510 0.04707 0.05687

115 200100 0.01179 0.02158 0.01571 0.02551 0.01768 0.02748 0.02357 0.03337 0.03536 0.04515 0.04714 0.05694

120 199800 0.01180 0.02160 0.01574 0.02554 0.01771 0.02750 0.02361 0.03340 0.03541 0.04521 0.04722 0.05701

125 199500 0.01182 0.02162 0.01576 0.02556 0.01773 0.02753 0.02364 0.03344 0.03546 0.04526 0.04729 0.05708

130 199200 0.01184 0.02164 0.01579 0.02558 0.01776 0.02756 0.02368 0.03348 0.03552 0.04531 0.04736 0.05715

135 198900 0.01186 0.02165 0.01581 0.02561 0.01779 0.02758 0.02371 0.03351 0.03557 0.04537 0.04743 0.05723

140 198600 0.01188 0.02167 0.01583 0.02563 0.01781 0.02761 0.02375 0.03355 0.03563 0.04542 0.04750 0.05730

145 198300 0.01189 0.02169 0.01586 0.02565 0.01784 0.02764 0.02379 0.03358 0.03568 0.04548 0.04757 0.05737

150 198000 0.01191 0.02171 0.01588 0.02568 0.01787 0.02766 0.02382 0.03362 0.03573 0.04553 0.04764 0.05744

155 197700 0.01193 0.02173 0.01591 0.02570 0.01789 0.02769 0.02386 0.03366 0.03579 0.04558 0.04772 0.05751

160 197400 0.01195 0.02174 0.01593 0.02573 0.01792 0.02772 0.02389 0.03369 0.03584 0.04564 0.04779 0.05759

165 197100 0.01197 0.02176 0.01595 0.02575 0.01795 0.02774 0.02393 0.03373 0.03590 0.04569 0.04786 0.05766

170 196800 0.01198 0.02178 0.01598 0.02577 0.01798 0.02777 0.02397 0.03376 0.03595 0.04575 0.04793 0.05773

175 196500 0.01200 0.02180 0.01600 0.02580 0.01800 0.02780 0.02400 0.03380 0.03601 0.04580 0.04801 0.05780

180 196200 0.01202 0.02182 0.01603 0.02582 0.01803 0.02783 0.02404 0.03384 0.03606 0.04586 0.04808 0.05788

185 195900 0.01204 0.02184 0.01605 0.02585 0.01806 0.02785 0.02408 0.03387 0.03612 0.04591 0.04816 0.05795

190 195600 0.01206 0.02185 0.01608 0.02587 0.01809 0.02788 0.02411 0.03391 0.03617 0.04597 0.04823 0.05803

195 195300 0.01208 0.02187 0.01610 0.02590 0.01811 0.02791 0.02415 0.03395 0.03623 0.04602 0.04830 0.05810

200 195000 0.01209 0.02189 0.01613 0.02592 0.01814 0.02794 0.02419 0.03399 0.03628 0.04608 0.04838 0.05817

205 194700 0.01211 0.02191 0.01615 0.02595 0.01817 0.02797 0.02423 0.03402 0.03634 0.04614 0.04845 0.05825

210 194400 0.01213 0.02193 0.01618 0.02597 0.01820 0.02799 0.02426 0.03406 0.03640 0.04619 0.04853 0.05832

215 194100 0.01215 0.02195 0.01620 0.02600 0.01823 0.02802 0.02430 0.03410 0.03645 0.04625 0.04860 0.05840

220 193800 0.01217 0.02197 0.01623 0.02602 0.01825 0.02805 0.02434 0.03414 0.03651 0.04630 0.04868 0.05847

225 193500 0.01219 0.02198 0.01625 0.02605 0.01828 0.02808 0.02438 0.03417 0.03656 0.04636 0.04875 0.05855

230 193200 0.01221 0.02200 0.01628 0.02607 0.01831 0.02811 0.02441 0.03421 0.03662 0.04642 0.04883 0.05862

235 192900 0.01223 0.02202 0.01630 0.02610 0.01834 0.02814 0.02445 0.03425 0.03668 0.04647 0.04890 0.05870

240 192600 0.01225 0.02204 0.01633 0.02612 0.01837 0.02816 0.02449 0.03429 0.03674 0.04653 0.04898 0.05878

245 192300 0.01226 0.02206 0.01635 0.02615 0.01840 0.02819 0.02453 0.03432 0.03679 0.04659 0.04906 0.05885

250 192000 0.01228 0.02208 0.01638 0.02617 0.01842 0.02822 0.02457 0.03436 0.03685 0.04665 0.04913 0.05893

255 191700 0.01230 0.02210 0.01640 0.02620 0.01845 0.02825 0.02461 0.03440 0.03691 0.04670 0.04921 0.05901

260 191400 0.01232 0.02212 0.01643 0.02623 0.01848 0.02828 0.02464 0.03444 0.03697 0.04676 0.04929 0.05908

265 191100 0.01234 0.02214 0.01645 0.02625 0.01851 0.02831 0.02468 0.03448 0.03702 0.04682 0.04936 0.05916

270 190800 0.01236 0.02216 0.01648 0.02628 0.01854 0.02834 0.02472 0.03452 0.03708 0.04688 0.04944 0.05924

275 190500 0.01238 0.02218 0.01651 0.02630 0.01857 0.02837 0.02476 0.03456 0.03714 0.04694 0.04952 0.05932

280 190200 0.01240 0.02220 0.01653 0.02633 0.01860 0.02840 0.02480 0.03460 0.03720 0.04700 0.04960 0.05939

285 189900 0.01242 0.02222 0.01656 0.02636 0.01863 0.02843 0.02484 0.03463 0.03726 0.04705 0.04968 0.05947

290 189600 0.01244 0.02224 0.01659 0.02638 0.01866 0.02845 0.02488 0.03467 0.03732 0.04711 0.04976 0.05955

295 189300 0.01246 0.02226 0.01661 0.02641 0.01869 0.02848 0.02492 0.03471 0.03738 0.04717 0.04983 0.05963

300 189000 0.01248 0.02227 0.01664 0.02643 0.01872 0.02851 0.02496 0.03475 0.03743 0.04723 0.04991 0.05971
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TK + MPM-S-79

Machine compliance: 0.00927 mm/kN

Specimen type:

Thickness B (mm) =

Span S (mm) =

Width W (mm) =

Notch depth a (mm) =

a/W =

f(a/W) =

T E Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp Cs Cexp

(°C) (N/mm2

)

-180 217800 0.01083 0.02010 0.01444 0.02371 0.01624 0.02551 0.02166 0.03093 0.03248 0.04175 0.04331 0.05258

-175 217500 0.01084 0.02011 0.01446 0.02373 0.01626 0.02553 0.02169 0.03095 0.03253 0.04180 0.04337 0.05264

-170 217200 0.01086 0.02013 0.01448 0.02375 0.01629 0.02556 0.02172 0.03098 0.03257 0.04184 0.04343 0.05270

-165 216900 0.01087 0.02014 0.01450 0.02377 0.01631 0.02558 0.02175 0.03101 0.03262 0.04189 0.04349 0.05276

-160 216600 0.01089 0.02016 0.01452 0.02379 0.01633 0.02560 0.02178 0.03104 0.03266 0.04193 0.04355 0.05282

-155 216300 0.01090 0.02017 0.01454 0.02381 0.01636 0.02562 0.02181 0.03108 0.03271 0.04198 0.04361 0.05288

-150 216000 0.01092 0.02019 0.01456 0.02383 0.01638 0.02565 0.02184 0.03111 0.03276 0.04202 0.04367 0.05294

-145 215700 0.01093 0.02020 0.01458 0.02385 0.01640 0.02567 0.02187 0.03114 0.03280 0.04207 0.04373 0.05300

-140 215400 0.01095 0.02022 0.01460 0.02387 0.01642 0.02569 0.02190 0.03117 0.03285 0.04212 0.04380 0.05306

-135 215100 0.01096 0.02023 0.01462 0.02389 0.01645 0.02571 0.02193 0.03120 0.03289 0.04216 0.04386 0.05313

-130 214800 0.01098 0.02025 0.01464 0.02391 0.01647 0.02574 0.02196 0.03123 0.03294 0.04221 0.04392 0.05319

-125 214500 0.01099 0.02026 0.01466 0.02393 0.01649 0.02576 0.02199 0.03126 0.03298 0.04225 0.04398 0.05325

-120 214200 0.01101 0.02028 0.01468 0.02395 0.01652 0.02578 0.02202 0.03129 0.03303 0.04230 0.04404 0.05331

-115 213900 0.01103 0.02029 0.01470 0.02397 0.01654 0.02581 0.02205 0.03132 0.03308 0.04235 0.04410 0.05337

-110 213600 0.01104 0.02031 0.01472 0.02399 0.01656 0.02583 0.02208 0.03135 0.03312 0.04239 0.04416 0.05343

-105 213300 0.01106 0.02033 0.01474 0.02401 0.01659 0.02585 0.02211 0.03138 0.03317 0.04244 0.04423 0.05350

-100 213000 0.01107 0.02034 0.01476 0.02403 0.01661 0.02588 0.02214 0.03141 0.03322 0.04249 0.04429 0.05356

-95 212700 0.01109 0.02036 0.01478 0.02405 0.01663 0.02590 0.02218 0.03144 0.03326 0.04253 0.04435 0.05362

-90 212400 0.01110 0.02037 0.01480 0.02407 0.01666 0.02592 0.02221 0.03148 0.03331 0.04258 0.04441 0.05368

-85 212100 0.01112 0.02039 0.01483 0.02409 0.01668 0.02595 0.02224 0.03151 0.03336 0.04263 0.04448 0.05375

-80 211800 0.01114 0.02040 0.01485 0.02412 0.01670 0.02597 0.02227 0.03154 0.03341 0.04267 0.04454 0.05381

-75 211500 0.01115 0.02042 0.01487 0.02414 0.01673 0.02599 0.02230 0.03157 0.03345 0.04272 0.04460 0.05387

-70 211200 0.01117 0.02044 0.01489 0.02416 0.01675 0.02602 0.02233 0.03160 0.03350 0.04277 0.04467 0.05394

-65 210900 0.01118 0.02045 0.01491 0.02418 0.01677 0.02604 0.02237 0.03163 0.03355 0.04282 0.04473 0.05400

-60 210600 0.01120 0.02047 0.01493 0.02420 0.01680 0.02607 0.02240 0.03167 0.03360 0.04286 0.04479 0.05406

-55 210300 0.01121 0.02048 0.01495 0.02422 0.01682 0.02609 0.02243 0.03170 0.03364 0.04291 0.04486 0.05413

-50 210000 0.01123 0.02050 0.01497 0.02424 0.01685 0.02611 0.02246 0.03173 0.03369 0.04296 0.04492 0.05419

-45 209700 0.01125 0.02052 0.01500 0.02426 0.01687 0.02614 0.02249 0.03176 0.03374 0.04301 0.04499 0.05425

-40 209400 0.01126 0.02053 0.01502 0.02429 0.01689 0.02616 0.02253 0.03179 0.03379 0.04306 0.04505 0.05432

-35 209100 0.01128 0.02055 0.01504 0.02431 0.01692 0.02619 0.02256 0.03183 0.03384 0.04310 0.04512 0.05438

-30 208800 0.01130 0.02056 0.01506 0.02433 0.01694 0.02621 0.02259 0.03186 0.03389 0.04315 0.04518 0.05445

-25 208500 0.01131 0.02058 0.01508 0.02435 0.01697 0.02624 0.02262 0.03189 0.03393 0.04320 0.04525 0.05451

-20 208200 0.01133 0.02060 0.01510 0.02437 0.01699 0.02626 0.02266 0.03192 0.03398 0.04325 0.04531 0.05458

-15 207900 0.01134 0.02061 0.01513 0.02439 0.01702 0.02628 0.02269 0.03196 0.03403 0.04330 0.04538 0.05464

-10 207600 0.01136 0.02063 0.01515 0.02442 0.01704 0.02631 0.02272 0.03199 0.03408 0.04335 0.04544 0.05471

-5 207300 0.01138 0.02065 0.01517 0.02444 0.01707 0.02633 0.02275 0.03202 0.03413 0.04340 0.04551 0.05478

0 207000 0.01139 0.02066 0.01519 0.02446 0.01709 0.02636 0.02279 0.03205 0.03418 0.04345 0.04557 0.05484

5 206700 0.01141 0.02068 0.01521 0.02448 0.01711 0.02638 0.02282 0.03209 0.03423 0.04350 0.04564 0.05491

10 206400 0.01143 0.02069 0.01524 0.02450 0.01714 0.02641 0.02285 0.03212 0.03428 0.04355 0.04571 0.05497

15 206100 0.01144 0.02071 0.01526 0.02453 0.01716 0.02643 0.02289 0.03215 0.03433 0.04360 0.04577 0.05504

20 205800 0.01146 0.02073 0.01528 0.02455 0.01719 0.02646 0.02292 0.03219 0.03438 0.04365 0.04584 0.05511

21 205740 0.01146 0.02073 0.01528 0.02455 0.01719 0.02646 0.02293 0.03219 0.03439 0.04366 0.04585 0.05512

22 205680 0.01147 0.02073 0.01529 0.02456 0.01720 0.02647 0.02293 0.03220 0.03440 0.04367 0.04587 0.05513

23 205620 0.01147 0.02074 0.01529 0.02456 0.01720 0.02647 0.02294 0.03221 0.03441 0.04368 0.04588 0.05515

24 205560 0.01147 0.02074 0.01530 0.02457 0.01721 0.02648 0.02295 0.03221 0.03442 0.04369 0.04589 0.05516

25 205500 0.01148 0.02074 0.01530 0.02457 0.01721 0.02648 0.02295 0.03222 0.03443 0.04370 0.04591 0.05517

30 205200 0.01149 0.02076 0.01532 0.02459 0.01724 0.02651 0.02299 0.03225 0.03448 0.04375 0.04597 0.05524

35 204900 0.01151 0.02078 0.01535 0.02462 0.01726 0.02653 0.02302 0.03229 0.03453 0.04380 0.04604 0.05531

(mm/kN)

CVN 3/4-SS 2/3-SS 1/2-SS 1/3-SS 1/4-SS

(mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN) (mm/kN)

0.9433584

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584 0.9433584

2

10 10 10 10 10 10

2 2 2 2 2

40

10 7.5 6.67 5 3.33 2.5

40 40 40 40 40

CVN 3/4-SS 2/3-SS 1/2-SS 1/3-SS 1/4-SS
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TK + MPM-S-79

40 204600 0.01153 0.02080 0.01537 0.02464 0.01729 0.02656 0.02305 0.03232 0.03458 0.04385 0.04611 0.05538

45 204300 0.01154 0.02081 0.01539 0.02466 0.01732 0.02658 0.02309 0.03236 0.03463 0.04390 0.04618 0.05544

50 204000 0.01156 0.02083 0.01541 0.02468 0.01734 0.02661 0.02312 0.03239 0.03468 0.04395 0.04624 0.05551

55 203700 0.01158 0.02085 0.01544 0.02471 0.01737 0.02664 0.02316 0.03242 0.03473 0.04400 0.04631 0.05558

60 203400 0.01159 0.02086 0.01546 0.02473 0.01739 0.02666 0.02319 0.03246 0.03478 0.04405 0.04638 0.05565

65 203100 0.01161 0.02088 0.01548 0.02475 0.01742 0.02669 0.02322 0.03249 0.03484 0.04410 0.04645 0.05572

70 202800 0.01163 0.02090 0.01551 0.02477 0.01744 0.02671 0.02326 0.03253 0.03489 0.04416 0.04652 0.05579

75 202500 0.01165 0.02091 0.01553 0.02480 0.01747 0.02674 0.02329 0.03256 0.03494 0.04421 0.04659 0.05585

80 202200 0.01166 0.02093 0.01555 0.02482 0.01750 0.02676 0.02333 0.03260 0.03499 0.04426 0.04665 0.05592

85 201900 0.01168 0.02095 0.01557 0.02484 0.01752 0.02679 0.02336 0.03263 0.03504 0.04431 0.04672 0.05599

90 201600 0.01170 0.02097 0.01560 0.02487 0.01755 0.02682 0.02340 0.03267 0.03510 0.04436 0.04679 0.05606

95 201300 0.01172 0.02098 0.01562 0.02489 0.01757 0.02684 0.02343 0.03270 0.03515 0.04442 0.04686 0.05613

100 201000 0.01173 0.02100 0.01564 0.02491 0.01760 0.02687 0.02347 0.03274 0.03520 0.04447 0.04693 0.05620

105 200700 0.01175 0.02102 0.01567 0.02494 0.01763 0.02689 0.02350 0.03277 0.03525 0.04452 0.04700 0.05627

110 200400 0.01177 0.02104 0.01569 0.02496 0.01765 0.02692 0.02354 0.03281 0.03531 0.04457 0.04707 0.05634

115 200100 0.01179 0.02105 0.01571 0.02498 0.01768 0.02695 0.02357 0.03284 0.03536 0.04463 0.04714 0.05641

120 199800 0.01180 0.02107 0.01574 0.02501 0.01771 0.02697 0.02361 0.03288 0.03541 0.04468 0.04722 0.05648

125 199500 0.01182 0.02109 0.01576 0.02503 0.01773 0.02700 0.02364 0.03291 0.03546 0.04473 0.04729 0.05655

130 199200 0.01184 0.02111 0.01579 0.02505 0.01776 0.02703 0.02368 0.03295 0.03552 0.04479 0.04736 0.05663

135 198900 0.01186 0.02113 0.01581 0.02508 0.01779 0.02705 0.02371 0.03298 0.03557 0.04484 0.04743 0.05670

140 198600 0.01188 0.02114 0.01583 0.02510 0.01781 0.02708 0.02375 0.03302 0.03563 0.04489 0.04750 0.05677

145 198300 0.01189 0.02116 0.01586 0.02513 0.01784 0.02711 0.02379 0.03305 0.03568 0.04495 0.04757 0.05684

150 198000 0.01191 0.02118 0.01588 0.02515 0.01787 0.02714 0.02382 0.03309 0.03573 0.04500 0.04764 0.05691

155 197700 0.01193 0.02120 0.01591 0.02517 0.01789 0.02716 0.02386 0.03313 0.03579 0.04506 0.04772 0.05699

160 197400 0.01195 0.02122 0.01593 0.02520 0.01792 0.02719 0.02389 0.03316 0.03584 0.04511 0.04779 0.05706

165 197100 0.01197 0.02123 0.01595 0.02522 0.01795 0.02722 0.02393 0.03320 0.03590 0.04516 0.04786 0.05713

170 196800 0.01198 0.02125 0.01598 0.02525 0.01798 0.02724 0.02397 0.03324 0.03595 0.04522 0.04793 0.05720

175 196500 0.01200 0.02127 0.01600 0.02527 0.01800 0.02727 0.02400 0.03327 0.03601 0.04527 0.04801 0.05728

180 196200 0.01202 0.02129 0.01603 0.02530 0.01803 0.02730 0.02404 0.03331 0.03606 0.04533 0.04808 0.05735

185 195900 0.01204 0.02131 0.01605 0.02532 0.01806 0.02733 0.02408 0.03335 0.03612 0.04538 0.04816 0.05742

190 195600 0.01206 0.02133 0.01608 0.02534 0.01809 0.02735 0.02411 0.03338 0.03617 0.04544 0.04823 0.05750

195 195300 0.01208 0.02134 0.01610 0.02537 0.01811 0.02738 0.02415 0.03342 0.03623 0.04550 0.04830 0.05757

200 195000 0.01209 0.02136 0.01613 0.02539 0.01814 0.02741 0.02419 0.03346 0.03628 0.04555 0.04838 0.05765

205 194700 0.01211 0.02138 0.01615 0.02542 0.01817 0.02744 0.02423 0.03349 0.03634 0.04561 0.04845 0.05772

210 194400 0.01213 0.02140 0.01618 0.02544 0.01820 0.02747 0.02426 0.03353 0.03640 0.04566 0.04853 0.05780

215 194100 0.01215 0.02142 0.01620 0.02547 0.01823 0.02749 0.02430 0.03357 0.03645 0.04572 0.04860 0.05787

220 193800 0.01217 0.02144 0.01623 0.02549 0.01825 0.02752 0.02434 0.03361 0.03651 0.04578 0.04868 0.05795

225 193500 0.01219 0.02146 0.01625 0.02552 0.01828 0.02755 0.02438 0.03364 0.03656 0.04583 0.04875 0.05802

230 193200 0.01221 0.02148 0.01628 0.02554 0.01831 0.02758 0.02441 0.03368 0.03662 0.04589 0.04883 0.05810

235 192900 0.01223 0.02149 0.01630 0.02557 0.01834 0.02761 0.02445 0.03372 0.03668 0.04595 0.04890 0.05817

240 192600 0.01225 0.02151 0.01633 0.02560 0.01837 0.02764 0.02449 0.03376 0.03674 0.04600 0.04898 0.05825

245 192300 0.01226 0.02153 0.01635 0.02562 0.01840 0.02766 0.02453 0.03380 0.03679 0.04606 0.04906 0.05833

250 192000 0.01228 0.02155 0.01638 0.02565 0.01842 0.02769 0.02457 0.03384 0.03685 0.04612 0.04913 0.05840

255 191700 0.01230 0.02157 0.01640 0.02567 0.01845 0.02772 0.02461 0.03387 0.03691 0.04618 0.04921 0.05848

260 191400 0.01232 0.02159 0.01643 0.02570 0.01848 0.02775 0.02464 0.03391 0.03697 0.04623 0.04929 0.05856

265 191100 0.01234 0.02161 0.01645 0.02572 0.01851 0.02778 0.02468 0.03395 0.03702 0.04629 0.04936 0.05863

270 190800 0.01236 0.02163 0.01648 0.02575 0.01854 0.02781 0.02472 0.03399 0.03708 0.04635 0.04944 0.05871

275 190500 0.01238 0.02165 0.01651 0.02578 0.01857 0.02784 0.02476 0.03403 0.03714 0.04641 0.04952 0.05879

280 190200 0.01240 0.02167 0.01653 0.02580 0.01860 0.02787 0.02480 0.03407 0.03720 0.04647 0.04960 0.05887

285 189900 0.01242 0.02169 0.01656 0.02583 0.01863 0.02790 0.02484 0.03411 0.03726 0.04653 0.04968 0.05895

290 189600 0.01244 0.02171 0.01659 0.02585 0.01866 0.02793 0.02488 0.03415 0.03732 0.04658 0.04976 0.05902

295 189300 0.01246 0.02173 0.01661 0.02588 0.01869 0.02796 0.02492 0.03419 0.03738 0.04664 0.04983 0.05910

300 189000 0.01248 0.02175 0.01664 0.02591 0.01872 0.02799 0.02496 0.03423 0.03743 0.04670 0.04991 0.05918
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TT-KLST

Machine compliance: 0.087124 mm/kN

Specimen type:

Thickness B (mm) =

Span S (mm) =

Width W (mm) =

Notch depth a (mm) =

a/W =

f(a/W) =

T E Cs Cexp

(°C) (N/mm2

)

-180 217800 0.07533 0.16245

-175 217500 0.07543 0.16256

-170 217200 0.07554 0.16266

-165 216900 0.07564 0.16277

-160 216600 0.07575 0.16287

-155 216300 0.07585 0.16298

-150 216000 0.07596 0.16308

-145 215700 0.07606 0.16319

-140 215400 0.07617 0.16329

-135 215100 0.07627 0.16340

-130 214800 0.07638 0.16351

-125 214500 0.07649 0.16361

-120 214200 0.07659 0.16372

-115 213900 0.07670 0.16383

-110 213600 0.07681 0.16393

-105 213300 0.07692 0.16404

-100 213000 0.07703 0.16415

-95 212700 0.07714 0.16426

-90 212400 0.07724 0.16437

-85 212100 0.07735 0.16448

-80 211800 0.07746 0.16459

-75 211500 0.07757 0.16470

-70 211200 0.07768 0.16481

-65 210900 0.07779 0.16492

-60 210600 0.07790 0.16503

-55 210300 0.07802 0.16514

-50 210000 0.07813 0.16525

-45 209700 0.07824 0.16536

-40 209400 0.07835 0.16547

-35 209100 0.07846 0.16559

-30 208800 0.07858 0.16570

-25 208500 0.07869 0.16581

-20 208200 0.07880 0.16593

-15 207900 0.07892 0.16604

4

22

3

KLST

(mm/kN)

KLST

0.915246094

0.25

1
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TT-KLST

-10 207600 0.07903 0.16615

-5 207300 0.07914 0.16627

0 207000 0.07926 0.16638

5 206700 0.07937 0.16650

10 206400 0.07949 0.16661

15 206100 0.07961 0.16673

20 205800 0.07972 0.16685

21 205740 0.07974 0.16687

22 205680 0.07977 0.16689

23 205620 0.07979 0.16692

24 205560 0.07981 0.16694

25 205500 0.07984 0.16696

30 205200 0.07995 0.16708

35 204900 0.08007 0.16720

40 204600 0.08019 0.16731

45 204300 0.08031 0.16743

50 204000 0.08042 0.16755

55 203700 0.08054 0.16767

60 203400 0.08066 0.16779

65 203100 0.08078 0.16791

70 202800 0.08090 0.16802

75 202500 0.08102 0.16814

80 202200 0.08114 0.16826

85 201900 0.08126 0.16839

90 201600 0.08138 0.16851

95 201300 0.08150 0.16863

100 201000 0.08163 0.16875

105 200700 0.08175 0.16887

110 200400 0.08187 0.16899

115 200100 0.08199 0.16912

120 199800 0.08212 0.16924

125 199500 0.08224 0.16936

130 199200 0.08236 0.16949

135 198900 0.08249 0.16961

140 198600 0.08261 0.16974

145 198300 0.08274 0.16986

150 198000 0.08286 0.16999

155 197700 0.08299 0.17011

160 197400 0.08311 0.17024

165 197100 0.08324 0.17036

170 196800 0.08337 0.17049

175 196500 0.08349 0.17062

180 196200 0.08362 0.17075

185 195900 0.08375 0.17087

190 195600 0.08388 0.17100

195 195300 0.08401 0.17113

200 195000 0.08414 0.17126
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TT-KLST

205 194700 0.08427 0.17139

210 194400 0.08440 0.17152

215 194100 0.08453 0.17165

220 193800 0.08466 0.17178

225 193500 0.08479 0.17191

230 193200 0.08492 0.17204

235 192900 0.08505 0.17218

240 192600 0.08519 0.17231

245 192300 0.08532 0.17244

250 192000 0.08545 0.17258

255 191700 0.08558 0.17271

260 191400 0.08572 0.17284

265 191100 0.08585 0.17298

270 190800 0.08599 0.17311

275 190500 0.08612 0.17325

280 190200 0.08626 0.17338

285 189900 0.08640 0.17352

290 189600 0.08653 0.17366

295 189300 0.08667 0.17379

300 189000 0.08681 0.17393
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TT-RHS

Machine compliance: 0.026963 mm/kN

Specimen type:

Thickness B (mm) =

Span S (mm) =

Width W (mm) =

Notch depth a (mm) =

a/W =

f(a/W) =

T E Cs Cexp

(°C) (N/mm2

)

-180 217800 0.02241 0.04937

-175 217500 0.02244 0.04940

-170 217200 0.02247 0.04943

-165 216900 0.02250 0.04946

-160 216600 0.02253 0.04949

-155 216300 0.02256 0.04952

-150 216000 0.02259 0.04956

-145 215700 0.02262 0.04959

-140 215400 0.02266 0.04962

-135 215100 0.02269 0.04965

-130 214800 0.02272 0.04968

-125 214500 0.02275 0.04971

-120 214200 0.02278 0.04974

-115 213900 0.02281 0.04978

-110 213600 0.02285 0.04981

-105 213300 0.02288 0.04984

-100 213000 0.02291 0.04987

-95 212700 0.02294 0.04991

-90 212400 0.02298 0.04994

-85 212100 0.02301 0.04997

-80 211800 0.02304 0.05000

-75 211500 0.02307 0.05004

-70 211200 0.02311 0.05007

-65 210900 0.02314 0.05010

-60 210600 0.02317 0.05013

-55 210300 0.02320 0.05017

-50 210000 0.02324 0.05020

-45 209700 0.02327 0.05023

-40 209400 0.02330 0.05027

-35 209100 0.02334 0.05030

-30 208800 0.02337 0.05033

-25 208500 0.02341 0.05037

-20 208200 0.02344 0.05040

-15 207900 0.02347 0.05044

0.942808116

KLST

(mm/kN)

RHS

4.83

19.3

4.83

0.97

0.200828157
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TT-RHS

-10 207600 0.02351 0.05047

-5 207300 0.02354 0.05050

0 207000 0.02357 0.05054

5 206700 0.02361 0.05057

10 206400 0.02364 0.05061

15 206100 0.02368 0.05064

20 205800 0.02371 0.05067

21 205740 0.02372 0.05068

22 205680 0.02373 0.05069

23 205620 0.02373 0.05070

24 205560 0.02374 0.05070

25 205500 0.02375 0.05071

30 205200 0.02378 0.05074

35 204900 0.02382 0.05078

40 204600 0.02385 0.05081

45 204300 0.02389 0.05085

50 204000 0.02392 0.05088

55 203700 0.02396 0.05092

60 203400 0.02399 0.05095

65 203100 0.02403 0.05099

70 202800 0.02406 0.05103

75 202500 0.02410 0.05106

80 202200 0.02413 0.05110

85 201900 0.02417 0.05113

90 201600 0.02421 0.05117

95 201300 0.02424 0.05120

100 201000 0.02428 0.05124

105 200700 0.02431 0.05128

110 200400 0.02435 0.05131

115 200100 0.02439 0.05135

120 199800 0.02442 0.05139

125 199500 0.02446 0.05142

130 199200 0.02450 0.05146

135 198900 0.02453 0.05150

140 198600 0.02457 0.05153

145 198300 0.02461 0.05157

150 198000 0.02465 0.05161

155 197700 0.02468 0.05165

160 197400 0.02472 0.05168

165 197100 0.02476 0.05172

170 196800 0.02480 0.05176

175 196500 0.02483 0.05180

180 196200 0.02487 0.05183

185 195900 0.02491 0.05187

190 195600 0.02495 0.05191

195 195300 0.02499 0.05195

200 195000 0.02503 0.05199
Experimental compliance values for NIST Charpy machines.xlsx - TT-RHS

205 194700 0.02506 0.05203

210 194400 0.02510 0.05207

215 194100 0.02514 0.05210

220 193800 0.02518 0.05214

225 193500 0.02522 0.05218

230 193200 0.02526 0.05222

235 192900 0.02530 0.05226

240 192600 0.02534 0.05230

245 192300 0.02538 0.05234

250 192000 0.02542 0.05238

255 191700 0.02546 0.05242

260 191400 0.02550 0.05246

265 191100 0.02554 0.05250

270 190800 0.02558 0.05254

275 190500 0.02562 0.05258

280 190200 0.02566 0.05262

285 189900 0.02570 0.05266

290 189600 0.02574 0.05270

295 189300 0.02578 0.05274

300 189000 0.02582 0.05278