NATL INST OF STAND & TECH NIST PUBLICATIONS NIST Special Publication 260-172

Certification Report

for SRMs 2112 and 2113

Chris McCowan

Ray Santoyo

Jolene Splett

NISTNational Institute of Standards and Technology • U.S. Department of Commerce 100

4,57

Zooy

(L.X.
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'At Boulder, CO 80305 Some elements at Boulder, CO
NIST Special Publication 260-172

Certification Report

for SRMs 2112 and 2113

Chris McCowan

Ray Santoyo

Materials Reliability Division Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory

Jolene Splett

Statistical Engineering Division Information Technology Laboratory

National Institute ofStandards and Technology

Boulder, CO 80305-3328

July 2009

U.S. Department of Commerce

Gary Locke, Secretary

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Patrick Gallagher Deputy Director, NIST
Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately. Such

identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the

entities, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose.

National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 260-172

Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 260-172, 20 pages (July 2009) CODEN: NSPUE2

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 2009

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents

U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402-9325
Contents

Introduction 1 Description of Equipment 2 Absorbed Energy and Force Measurement 2 Force Measurement 2 Hardness Measurements 2 Dimensional Measurements 3 Procurement Requirements for the Steel 3 Compositional and melting requirements 3 Product form 3 Packaging 3 Specimen Production 3 Heat Treatment of Type 4340 steel 3 Sampling 4 Machining 5 Hardness Testing 5 Impact Testing 6 Program Controls 9 Impact Machines 9 Measurement Equipment Used in the Verification Program 9 Specimens 10 Appendix I....- 1

1

Appendix II 1

4

Appendix III 1

7

iii

Certification Report for SRMs 21 12 and 21 13

C.N. McCowan and R.L. Santoyo, NIST, Materials Reliability Division

J.D. Splett, NIST, Statistical Engineering Division

This report documents the procedures used to develop certified maximum force and absorbed energy

values for SRM 21 12 (maximum force near 24 kN) and SRM 2113 (maximum force near 33 kN). The

report serves to provide outside observers with accurate and detailed information on how the materials were certified and how the impact verification program was conducted. The 2112 and 2113 SRMs have

certified absorbed energy values at 21 °C and -40 °C, and a certified maximum force value at 21 °C.

Keywords: Charpy V-notch test, force, impact testing, instrumented strikers, mechanical testing, NIST,

reference material, verification program

Introduction

Charpy impact testing is often specified as an acceptance test for structural materials, and companies

performing acceptance tests are typically required to verify the performance of their impact machine

periodically. The procedure for verifying the performance of Charpy impact machines has a physical

part and an engineering part. The physical part covers the direct verification of the impact machine

through a detailed evaluation of the machine dimensions, alignment, etc. The engineering part covers the

indirect verification of the machine performance, which entails breaking sets of Charpy impact reference specimens. An indirect procedure to verify the performance of the absorbed energy scale on impact machines was

added about 40 years ago, because the use of direct verification procedures alone could not explain large differences among the results of impact machines. Since then, indirect verification has played an

important role in identifying and reducing the differences between machines. Currently, use of

instrumented impact testing machines has introduced some similar concerns for the measurement of

force. The instrumented strikers are calibrated statically using a load cell, but no dynamic test to gage

the overall performance of the system is performed. SRMs 2112 and 2113 are designed to simultaneously verify the performance of the force and absorbed energy scales on an instrumented impact machine at room temperature.

1
Description ofEquipment

The impact machines used by NIST, and instrumentation on these machines, were purchased from commercial suppliers. These reference machines are used to represent the machines used by industries around the world. Details of non-NIST impact machines used in the round robin testing to determine maximum force are given in another report

1

. Absorbed Energy and Force Measurement We have six Charpy V

energy in the program: We have six Charpy V-notch impact machines2 that are used for the measurement of absorbed impact

Machine #1 Tokyo Koki Seizosho, M C" type pendulum, 359 Joule capacity Machine #2 Tinius Olsen, Model 74, "U" type pendulum, 358 Joule capacity Machine #3 Satec, Model SI- 1 C, "U" type pendulum, 325 Joule capacity Machine #4 Satec, Model SI - 1 K3, "U" type pendulum, 407 Joule capacity Machine #5 Tinius Olsen, Model 84, "U" type pendulum, 407 Joule capacity Machine #6 MPM, 9000 Series, "Z" type pendulum, 950 Joule capacity Machines 1, 2, and 3 were the primary reference machines (the master machines) transferred to NIST

from the Army Materials Technology Laboratory (Watertown, Massachusetts). Machine 4 has now

replaced machine 3, and machine 3 is used for Izod testing. Machine 5 is an instrumented machine used

for force measurement. Machine 6 is an ultra-high capacity machine. All of the impact machines are equipped with optical encoders and digital readouts. Force Measurement The instrumented striker and data acquisition system used on Machine 5 is a commercial system. The

system can collect up to 1,000,000 data points per test, with data acquisition time ranges from microseconds up to 100 milliseconds. The system includes a computer, a high-speed 12-bit acquisition board, a strain gage amplifier, and an instrumented striker. The striker is calibrated statically using a

load cell. No post-test calibration of the force is made in the NIST software (using corrections based on

the absorbed energy calculated using the force-displacement curve and the absorbed energy measured

with the encoder on the machine). Such post-test software calibrations were made for some of the force values reported in the round robin results. Hardness Measurements Measurements are made on a commercial hardness testing machine. The tester is linked to a personal computer that is used to acquire and file data for the tests.

1 Trade names and names of manufacturers are included in several places in this report to accurately describe NIST activities. Such inclusion neither constitutes nor implies endorsement by NIST or by the U.S. government..

2 Dynamic Force Measurement: Instrumented Charpy Impact Testing, C. M. McCowan, J.D. Splett, and E. Lucon, NISTIR

6652.

2
Dimensional Measurements The notch depth, radius, angle, and centering are measured on a commercial optical comparator (50 X)

prior to impact testing. The squareness of the specimens is measured with a gage described in ASTM E

23. The overall specimen dimensions are measured with digital calipers. Data from the optical comparators and the calipers are output to a personal computer. Procurement Requirements for the Steel

Compositional and melting requirements

We used AISI 4340 steel bars, from a single heat-treated batch to minimize compositional and

microstructural variation. The composition for the steel is given in Table 1.

Table 1. Composition of 4340 steel (mass %). c Si Mn Ni Cr Mo S P

0.4 0.28 0.66 1.77 0.83 0.28 0.001 0.004

This steel was produced using a double-vacuum-melting procedure (vacuum-induction-melt vacuum-arc- remelt) and meets the compositional requirements of AISI-SAE alloy 4340. The steel also meets the

stricter requirements of AMS 6414, which describes steel production by a vacuum-melting procedure. In addition, the maximum percentages allowed for phosphorus, sulfur, vanadium, niobium, titanium, and

copper were P = 0.010, S = 0.005, V = 0.030, Nb = 0.005, Ti = 0.003, and Cu = 0.35. Product form The ingots were forged, hot rolled, then cold finished to 12.7 mm square bars (+3.8 mm, -0.0 mm) and

annealed. The corner radius of the finished bars is less than 0.76 mm. The maximum acceptable grain

size was ASTM number 8. In other attributes (decarburization, surface condition, etc.), the steel was

suitable for use as 10 mm square Charpy V-notch specimens (the standard size ASTM E23 test specimen). The bar was normalized at 950 °C, and hardened to approximately 35 Rockwell C (HRC). The bar was

machine straightened (for twist and bow), and shipped in lengths of no less than 2 m and no more than 4 m.

Packaging The bar was packaged in bundles that identified the ingot position from which it was processed. This

identification is used to limit the material used for a given production lot to a single ingot location, which

helps reduce inhomogeneities between bars. Specimen Production

Heat Treatment of Type 4340 steel The 4340 steel was heat treated to produce low- and high-energy verification specimens. Typically, as indicated in Figure 1, low energy levels are attained by tempering at temperatures between 300 °C and 400 °C. The high energy specimens are tempered near 600 °C. The microstructure of the specimens was

100 % tempered martensite. The heat treatments originally recommended by the Army Materials Technology Laboratory are shown in Table 2 as an example (the specific treatments use for the force

3
specimens are not known).

Table 2. Example heat treatments for low- and high-energy level type 4340 impact specimens. Low-energy specimens, hardness 46 HRC±1 HRC High-energy specimens, hardness 32 HRC ±1 HRC

Normalize 900 °C (1650 °F) for 1 h, air cool Normalize 900 °C (1650 °F) for 1 h, air cool Harden 871 "C ( 1 600 T) for 1 h, oil quench Harden 871 °C (1600 ° F) for 1 h, oil quench Temper 400 "(

' (750 °F) lor 1 .5 h. oil quench Temper 593 °C (1 100 °F) for 1.25 h, oil quench

Alth ough the heat treatment of 4340 steel is straightforward for most commercial applications, it is not easy to produce the quality required for the impact verification specimens, particularly for production

lots of approximately 1200 specimens (or more). One reason for this is that the transition behavior shown in Figure 2, is not ideal for 4340 steel: at -40 °C the upper shelf of the high-energy specimens and

the lower shelf of the low-energy specimens are not flat, thus increasing the scatter. The effects of

differences in the heat treatments between specimens, slight inhomogeneities in the steel, and other considerations also affect material quality. However, with care, good specimens can be produced using 4340 steel, and it continues to be our preferred steel for impact verification specimens. Our experience has shown that the heat treatments recommended by the Army can give good results for small lot sizes. However, to attain results of this quality for production lots of approximately 1200

specimens, extremely well controlled processing is necessary, and typically double tempering, stress

relief, cryo-treatment, and other steps are used to fine-tune the process for a given heat treating shop. A typical quality for impact verification specimens is characterized by a coefficient of variation (the ratio of the standard deviation to the average absorbed energy) of less than 0.04. The highest quality specimens have coefficients of variation near 0.02. Sampling For both the low and high energy specimens, lots of approximately 1200 specimens were heat treated, and a spatial (not random) sample of 75 specimens was removed from the heat treating baskets for pilot200 300 400 500 600

Tempering Temperature, C Figure 1. NIST data for 4340 verification material, 2001.

-200 -160 -100 -60 O 60 100

Test Temperature, C Figure 2. Transition curves for NIST 4340

steel that has been heat treated for low- and

high-energy verification specimens.
lot quality evaluations. These quality check specimens were tested at -40 °C on the three reference machines (25 each) to evaluate variations in energy of the samples to their position in the heat treatment

baskets. These data showed acceptable variability in energy, so the remaining specimens in the production lots were machined. When the production lots were delivered to NIST, 30 random samples were tested at -40 °C. The samples for the room temperature tests (absorbed energy and impact force) were all taken at random: 75 for the absorbed energy (divided among three NIST reference machines)

and 80 for maximum force (divided among eight machines in the round robin). Machining

Process

Prior to heat treating, the square bars are cut to approximately 56 mm long blanks and ground to finished length. One end of

the specimen blank is stamped with "NIST" and the other with

a series number and a serial number. The series number

identifies the production lot and the energy level (LL for low

energy and HH for high energy). The serial numbers range between one and the total number of specimens in the production lot. For the specimens made with 4340 steel, the Figure 3. A Charpy V-notch sample with surfaces are all ground to nominal size to remove surface flaws dimensions labeled in reference to Table 6. that might result in quench cracking during the heat-treatment operations. These blanks are heat-treated

as a lot, and 75 to 100 blanks are machined to final dimensions for pilot lot testing (Figure 3). Machining requirements The dimensional requirements for NIST verification specimens, given in Table 3, meet or exceed the ASTM E 23 specifications. This minimizes variations in impact energy due to physical variations in the specimens. Also, the notch centering and the length tolerance for NIST specimens are equivalent to the ISO Standard 148-2, which permits the specimens to be used in impact machines with end-centering

devices. The NIST requirement for surface finish is also equivalent to the ISO 148-2 requirement.

Table 3. Dimensional requirements for NIST Charpy impact verification specimens. Height (H) 10 mm, ± 0.03 mm, with adjacent sides square within 90 0 ± 9 min Width (W) 10 mm, ± 0.03 mm

Length (L) 55 mm, + 0.00 mm, -0.3 mm

Notch position L/2 27.5 mm, ± 0.2 mm, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis within 90 ° ± 9 min

Notch radius 0.25 mm, ± 0.025 mm, with radius tangent to the notch angle Notch depth (dl) 2 mm, ± 0.025 mm

Notch angle 45 °, ± 1 ° Ligament depth (d2) 8.0 mm, ± 0.025 mm

Surface finish 1.6 um on notched surface and opposite face; 3.2 um on other surfaces Specimen notches are ground. To avoid "burning" or cold working the material at the base of the notch

during grinding, the next-to-the last cut is required to remove more than 0.25 mm and less than 0.38 mm,

and the final cut must not remove more than 0.12 mm. When the specimens are finished and ready for shipment, they are given a protective coating of oil. Hardness Testing

5
Process Two hardness measurements were made on each of the pilot-lot samples, at positions approximately

10 mm from the specimen ends on the face opposite the notch. The two measurements were averaged to estimate the hardness of the sample. Hardness is measured prior to impact testing of the specimens. The average hardness of the SRM 21 12 and SRM 2113 specimens was 31.8 HRC and 47.0 HRC

respectively. The standard deviation at both energy levels was 0.4 HRC.

Requirements The hardness criteria for verification specimens relates to three practical aspects of the impact test. (1) A

minimum hardness of 44 HRC for low-energy lots ensures that an appropriate impulse load is transferred

to the machine frame on impact to verify adequate mounting and overall stiffness of the machine. (2) The minimum hardness also ensures that the broken specimens exit the machines in a direction opposite

the pendulum to check shroud performance. (3) The specimen-to-specimen variation in hardness

provides an indication of the variation in energy of the specimens (particularly for the higher-energy

specimens). Impact Testing

Certified Absorbed Energy The certified absorbed energy value was defined as the grand average of the specimens tested. All specimens tested were included in these calculations. Data used to determine average absorbed energy

values for SRMs 2112 and 2113 are given in Appendix I and II. At 21 °C A group of 75 specimens was randomly selected from each of the low and high energy production

lots and divided into three groups of 25. The groups were tested on machines 1 , 2, and 5. The certified absorbed energy, at both energy levels, was calculated as the average absorbed energy for the 75 tests. The certified absorbed energy values for SRM 2113 and SRM 21 12, at room temperature, are given in Table 4.A -40 °C A group of 75 of pilot-lot specimens was divided into three groups of 25 and tested on machines

1 , 2, and 4. Then a randomly selected sample of 30 specimens was tested from the production lot. The

average absorbed energy from these 105 specimens was used to determine the certified value of the specimens at -40 °C. The certified absorbed energy values for SRM 2113 and SRM 21 12, at -40 °C, are given in Table 4.

Table 4: Certified absorbed energy values. SRM Lot Room Temperature

(21 °C± 1 °C) Absorbed Expanded

-40 °C ± 1 °C

Absorbed Expanded

Energy, J Uncertainty J Energy, J Uncertainty J 2112 HH-103 105.3 0.6 97.5 0.6 2113 LL-103 18.2 0.1 15.3 0.1

Uncertainty calculation

Details of the uncertainty calculations for absorbed energy are given in NIST Recommended Practice Guide 960-18, Computing Uncertaintyfor Charpy Impact Machine Test Results.

6
Energy requirements The most important requirement for SRM 2112 and SRM 2113 specimens is variability. The within- machine coefficients of variation for both SRM 2112 and SRM 2113 ranged between 0.03 and 0.04, which is considered low variation for impact verification specimens.

Certified Maximum Force A round robin interlaboratory comparison was conducted to establish certified reference values for the maximum force measured for SRM 2112 and SRM 21 13.

3 These SRMs provide dynamic force

verification at two levels, near 25 kN and 30 kN. The specimens had already been certified by NIST for absorbed energy using conventional Charpy pendulum impact machines at room temperature, and at -40 °C. Certified maximum force values were developed at room temperature for the SRMs using the data given in Appendix III. Testing Details for Round Robin

o Materials: Two steels (LL-103 low energy and HH-103 high energy) o Specimens: Standard size ASTM E23 Charpy V-notch specimens (10 mm x 10 mm x 55 mm)

o Anvil Geometry: The ASTM E23 or ISO 148 anvil geometry

o Striker Geometry: Testing on either 2 mm or 8 mm radius striker geometries o Machine Type: Testing on instrumented pendulum impact machines

o Test Procedure: Testing conducted in accordance with ASTM E23 and ASTM work item WK383 (Method for Instruments Impact Tests of Metallic Materials) or ISO 148-1 and ISO

14556

o Test Matrix: Ten specimens at each energy level tested for each striker geometry used o Test Temperature: Room temperature o Test Time: Test the specimens within three months of receiving them

Participants in Round Robin

o Hans-Werner Viehri, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf

o Enrico Lucon, SCK-CEN, Institute of Nuclear Materials o Wolfgang Bo/tme, Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials o Harald Diem, MPA University of Stuttgart o Vaclav Mentl, SKODA Research

o Chris McCowan, National Institute of Standards and Technology

Certified Force and Uncertainly

A total of 10 specimens were tested on each of eight Charpy machines for the force verification round

robin. The data were evaluated from averaged force-signals according to ISO 14556 or ASTM WK383.

The raw data from the round robin are shown in Appendix III. There are a total of 90 tests, because two

sets often verification specimens were tested with machine #8 (identified as 8a and 8b in Appendix III). The measurements for machine #8 were combined since there is no statistical difference between the averages of the two sets and no apparent trend in the data. Machine 2 and machine 8 used 8 mm strikers, the remaining machines all used 2 mm strikers. Figures 4 and 5 display the maximum force for low3 Dynamic Force Measurement: Instrumented Charpy Impact Testing, C. M. McCowan, J.D. Splett, and E. Lucon, N1STIR

6652.

7
energy and high-energy specimens, respectively. The data appear to be fairly consistent among machines, with the exception of machine 4, which has test results that are much lower than the rest of the data for both low and high energies. Since machine 4 produces consistently low values, we exclude it from further analyses.

This general result shows that the static force calibration of instrumented strikers is quite robust, and that the various striker designs evaluated here performed in a predictable manner. No clear differences were

observed between strikers with 2 mm and 8 mm radii.

Figure 4. Low-energy maximum force for eight machines

2 3 4 5

Machine

Striker Radius (mm) *

2

Striker Radius (mm) " *" 2

Figure 5. High-energy maximum force for eight machines. The certified value determined for the maximum force of the low-energy SRM 2113 (LL-103) specimens

is 33.00 kN. The combined standard uncertainty associated with the certified value is 0.76 kN (2.3 %), and the expanded uncertainty is 1.86 kN (5.6 %). The expanded uncertainty (based on a coverage factor,

k, of 2.447 for 6 degrees of freedom) is associated with a 95 % uncertainty interval.

.The certified value determined for the maximum force of the high-energy SRM 2112 (HH-103)

specimens is 24.06 kN. The combined standard uncertainty associated with the certified value is 0.28 kN

(1 .2 %), and the expanded uncertainty is 0.70 kN (2.9 %). The expanded uncertainty (based on a coverage factor, k, of 2.447 for 6 degrees of freedom) is associated with a 95 % uncertainty interval. The precision of the maximum force measured for the HH-103 specimens is higher than that measured

for the LL-103 measurements. The 95 % repeatability and reproducibility limits (based on procedures

described in ASTM E 691-05) for the HH-103 measurements were 0.45 kN and 2.16 kN, respectively (compared with 1.90 kN and 5.96 kN for LL-103).

8
Table 6: Certified maximum force values. SRM Lot Room Temperature Maximum Force, kN Expanded Uncertainty, kN

2112 HH-103 24.06 0.70 2113 LL-103 33.00 1.86 Program Controls

Impact Machines The impact machines are inspected and adjusted by NIST personnel, and experts contracted by NIST

annually. Critical direct verification measurements were made when the machines were installed, and

are made when a change in the performance of a machine is noted. The performance of the impact machines is routinely evaluated for each lot of specimens tested. This

evaluation is principally a comparison of the mean and standard deviation of each machine to the other machines used in the program. The performance of the machines is compared as each pilot lot is tested, and these results are compared with the past performance of the machines.4 A plot showing the average

energy of each machine and the grand average for each pilot lot is updated for each pilot lot tested to document and evaluate the relative performance of the impact machines. We also compare our machines

to machines at other national measurement institutes whenever possible. We maintain a log book that contains records for the "daily check" procedures that are conducted on the machines prior to testing a pilot lot: these records allow us to track the friction, windage, and other

factors that affect the performance of impact machines. The log book also documents maintenance to the machines and the number and types of specimens tested. A reserve of impact verification specimens (from past pilot-lot tests) is kept and serves as source of

control specimens. When a change in the relative performance of a machine is suspected, a set of control specimens can be tested and compared to the original results for this machine. Control specimens are

also used to check machines following a repair.

Since we have only one instrumented machine, the performance of our striker is evaluated by static calibration, comparison with the absorbed energy scale, and comparison with other instrumented machines in round robins. Measurement Equipment Used in the Verification Program

A commercial hardness tester, calibrated annually, is used to measure hardness. The hardness tester is checked with calibration blocks prior to each use. An optical comparator is used to measure the notch

angle, notch depth, notch radius, and L/2 (notch centering in relation to specimen length). The optical comparator is equipped with a digital readout. The comparator is calibrated annually. Both the hardness

tester and the optical comparator send measurements directly to a personal computer using NIST

developed software.

4 The impact machines have characteristic differences from one another in energy level and variation. Changes in these relative differences indicate changes to our program, and are investigated to determine the cause.

9
Digital calipers are used to measure specimen length, width, and thickness. The calipers are calibrated annually. The calipers are checked with a one-inch calibration block prior to each use. The caliper data are automatically stored on a personal computer.

Squareness is measured with a gage manufactured using the drawing in ASTM Standard E 23. The

performance of the gage is checked with a calibration block, and both the gage and block are calibrated annually. The striker on our instrumented impact machine is calibrated annually using a load cell, traceable to 1M1ST. The calibration is typically done in a uniaxial test machine, with the striker removed from the impact machine. Specimens The quality and consistency of the verification specimens are first controlled by the steel used for their production. Our contractors are shipped bundles of steel bar that are coded with references to ingot

location, and production lots are made using steel from a given bundle. This is our best assurance that the steel used for a given production lot is as uniform as possible. In the event that some portion of the bar contains melting or rolling flaws, this procedure would help us to more quickly identify and remove

this material from the stock. Our second control of specimen quality is careful sampling and pilot lot evaluations. In our experience we have found that geometric rather than random sampling produces a better estimate of the mean energy

for our pilot lots. Our samples are taken from predetermined positions within the heat-treating baskets and labeled. Our final control for absorbed energy scales involves a feedback loop using data from customer

verification tests. Customer data are collected and stored in a database so that pass/fail ratios can easily be calculated for a lot of verification specimens that is questioned by either a customer or program

administrators. If these data show normal ratios, then it is likely that the average energy of the lot was

accurately estimated by our pilot-lot sample. If these data show more machines than normal are failing using a particular lot of specimens, and the mean energy of the customer data is significantly different from the certified energy value of the lot, then it is possible that the certified energy value of the lot has changed or that the average energy determined for the lot was not an accurate estimate.

10
Appendix I

Table A 1.1 : Data used to develop the certified absorbed energy value for the SRM 2112 specimens. Absorbed Machine Test Absorbed Machine Test Energy ID Temperature Energy ID Tempera

J °C J °C

17.97 T02 21 17.82 T03 21 17.65 T02 21 18.75 T03 21 17.60 T02 21 18.54 T03 21

18.67 T02 21 17.69 T03 21

17.91 T02 21 18.20 T03 21

18.51 T02 21 18.68 T03 21 19.28 T02 21 19.08 T03 21

17.72 T02 21 18.41 T03 21

19.31 T02 21 18.53 T03 21

18.41 T02 21 18.05 T03 21

18.37 T02 21 18.07 T03 21 17.77 T02 21 18.68 T03 21 19.08 T02 21 18.26 T03 21

18.11 T02 21 19.02 T03 21

18.55 T02 21 18.43 T03 21

18.56 ' T02 21 19.16 T03 21

19.47 T02 21 18.56 T03 21

18.71 T02 21 18.36 T03 21

18.59 T02 21 18.64 T03 21

17.63 T02 21 19.21 T03 21

18.41 T02 21 18.62 T03 21 19.34 T02 21 18.25 T03 21

17.53 T02 21 16.66 TK 21 19.27 T02 21 17.37 TK 21

19.08 T02 21 17.57 TK 21

19.28 T02 21 17.77 TK 21

19.80 T02 21 16.76 TK 21

19.54 T02 21 17.57 TK 21 19.80 T02 21 16.66 TK 21

18.85 T02 21 16.66 TK 21 18.50 T03 21 17.37 TK 21 18.24 T03 21 17.77 TK 21

19.24 T03 21 18.27 TK 21

11
Absorbed Machine Test Energy ID Temperature

J °C

17.06 TK 21 16.46 TK 21

17.26 TK 21

17.87 TK 21

17.57 TK 21

18.07 TK 21

17.97 TK 21

18.87 TK 21

17.77 TK 21

16.96 TK 21

17.06 TK 21

18.07 TK 21

17.26 TK 21 16.66 TK 21 15.48 T02 -40

15.65 TO2 -40

16.34 TO2 -40

15.82 T02 -40

15.05 T02 -40

15.91 T02 -40

15.57 T02 -40

15.83 TO2 -40

16.17 T02 -40

15.65 T02 -40

15.31 T02 -40

16.51 T02 -40

16.52 T02 -40

17.03 T02 -40

16.94 T02 -40

15.74 T02 -40

16.60 T02 -40

16.26 T02 -40

16.69 T02 -40

16.69 T02 -40

15.74 T02 -40

15.74 T02 -40

15.39 T02 -40

15.48 T02 -40

Absorbed Machine Test Energy ID Temperature

J °C

15.05 T02 -40

15.56 T02 -40

16.08 T02 -40 16.86 T02 -40

15.91 T02 -40

15.65 T02 -40

15.56 T02 -40

17.03 T02 -40

15.82 T02 -40

16.94 T02 -40

16.25 T02 -40

16.62 TO3 -40

15.66 TO3 -40

15.37 TO3 -40

16.91 TO3 -40

15.96 TO3 -40

15.44 SI3 -40

15.08 SI3 -40

15.58 SI3 -40

16.15 SI3 -40

15.72 SI3 -40

15.44 SI3 -40

15.93 SI3 -40

15.15 SI3 -40

16.64 SI3 -40

14.87 SI3 -40

16.57 SI3 -40 16.00 SI3 -40 15.72 SI3 -40

16.08 SI3 -40

15.93 SI3 -40

15.58 SI3 -40

15.23 SI3 -40

15.44 SI3 -40

16.72 SI3 -40

15.58 SI3 -40

15.65 SI3 -40

15.58 SI3 -40

12
Absorbed Machine Test Energy ID Temperature

J °C

15.93 SI3 -40

16.36 SI3 -40

16.15 SI3 -40

16.99 SI3 -40

15.57 SI3 -40

15.08 SI3 -40

15.93 SI3 -40

16.49 SI3 -40

16.28 SI3 -40

15.93 SI3 -40

15.22 SI3 -40

16.07 SI3 -40

16.56 SI3 -40

13.81 TK -40

14.81 TK -40

14.91 TK -40

14.91 TK -40

14.51 TK -40

14.01 TK -40

13.51 TK -40

14.50 - TK -40

14.01 TK -40

15.11 TK -40

13.21 TK -40

14.01 TK -40

Absorbed Machine Test Energy ID Temperature

J °C

14.61 TK -40

14.61 TK -40

14.11 TK -40

13.51 TK -40

14.31 TK -40

13.51 TK -40

13.91 TK -40

13.31 TK -40

13.31 TK -40

14.01 TK -40

14.21 TK -40

14.20 TK -40

13.91 TK -40

14.91 TK -40

14.31 TK -40

14.51 TK -40

13.71 TK -40

13.91 TK -40

13.51 TK -40

14.61 TK -40

14.11 TK -40

14.11 TK -40

13.81 TK -40

13
Appendix II

Table A2. 1 : Data used to develop the certified absorbed energy value for the SRM 2113 specimens.

Absorbed . . , . Test Absorbed . . Test Machines _ „ Machines

Energy Temperature Energy Temperature

J 1U °C J

1L» °C

99.86 T02 21 100.94 T03 21 102.71 T02 21 104.39 T03 21

99.53 T02 21 106.84 T03 21 107.90 T02 21 109.50 T03 21 107.26 T02 21 104.02 T03 21 101.26 T02 21 102.44 T03 21 103.97 T02 21 102.06 T03 21 100.34 T02 21 101.83 T03 21 99.34 T02 21 105.59 T03 21 106.94 T02 21 101.93 T03 21 103.17 T02 21 105.86 T03 21 99.38 T02 21 104.71 T03 21 102.40 T02 21 104.81 T03 21 102.54 T02 21 107.86 T03 21 104.49 T02 21 106.04 T03 21

101.21 T02 21 105.78 T03 21 101.83 T02 21 105.47 T03 21

102.33 T02 21 105.69 TK 21 104.38 T02 21 106.42 TK 21 103.22 T02 21 105.79 TK 21

106.79 T02 21 110.06 TK 21 102.34 T02 21 110.06 TK 21 101.58 T02 21 111.72 TK 21 104.51 T02 21 107.04 TK 21 99.83 T02 21 102.67 TK 21 103.92 T03 21 108.08 TK 21 101.60 T03 21 105.48 TK 21 109.18 T03 21 107.98 TK 21 104.33 T03 21 111.83 TK 21 106.24 T03 21 109.23 TK 21 102.67 T03 21 109.64 TK 21

107.41 T03 21 1 10.79 TK 21 101.74 T03 21 107.98 TK 21

14
I

Absorbed Energy

J

rvlacli nies ID

Test Temperature

°C

Absorbed Energy

J

JVlacnines ID

Test Temperature

0 C

105.06 TK 21 97.02 T02 -40 107.46 TK 21 101.94 T02 -40

104.86 TK 21 102.32 T02 -40

111.31 TK 21 97.87 T02 -40

105.06 TK 21 100.80 T02 -40

112.45 TK 21 100.43 T02 -40 111.20 TK 21 96.58 T03 -40

110.89 TK 21 94.01 T03 -40 113.39 TK 21 99.60 T03 -40

103.84 T02 -40 95.05 T03 -40

95.33 T02 -40 95.01 T03 -40

98.45 T02 -40 96.83 SI3 -40 95.52 T02 -40 98.25 SI3 -40

95.71 T02 -40 94.97 SI3 -40

101.29 T02 -40 94.97 SI3 -40 94.58 T02 -40 100.75 SI3 -40

95.43 T02 -40 99.78 SI3 -40 101.29 T02 -40 96.66 SI3 -40 95.62 T02 -40 99.41 SI3 -40

97.13 T02 -40 102.62 SI3 -40 96.66

• T02 -40 94.09 SI3 -40 99.68 T02 -40 93.56 SI3 -40

100.91 T02 -40 94.53 SI3 -40 96.84 T02 -40 96.03 SI3 -40 96.47 T02 -40 97.01 SI3 -40

102.33 T02 -40 100.03 SI3 -40 96.28 T02 -40 94.80 SI3 -40

104.12 T02 -40 94.35 SI3 -40 99.77 T02 -40 98.97 SI3 -40 98.45 T02 -40 95.68 SI3 -40 99.49 T02 -40 95.50 SI3 -40 96.28 T02 -40 96.66 SI3 -40

97.51 T02 -40 96.66 SI3 -40 95.62 T02 -40 94.18 S13 -40

99.01 T02 -40 100.30 SI3 -40

98.63 T02 -40 97.63 SI3 -40

99.58 T02 -40 98.13 S13 -40 96.27 T02 -40 94.94 SI3 -40 95.47 SI3 -40

15
absorbed Energy

TJ

Machines

ID

Test

I emperature

o (-< 95.2

MJ

A A -4U

1 00. 1

8

MJ A A -4U

1 AA A C

1 UU.4J Q 1MJ /in -4U

A/C OA MJ /in -4U

A/; OA Vo.oV /in -4u

i n i o ^ 1 U 1 .ZD CI1 MJ An -4U oo no CT1 MJ /in -4U

q'n /in VJ.4U 1 IS. -4UAn

Q7 7Q y 1 .jy TV1 IS. -4U An

i nn in TV1 IS. -4U An

VJ.U 1 1 IS. -4UAn

yj.o i 1 IS. /in -4U Q8 1 0 yo. i z TV1 IS. -4UAn

on TV1 IS. /in -4U Q^ ^ 1 TV1 JS. /in -4U in Vj.JU TV1 K /in -4U 07 A A y /Ay TV1 is.

/i n -4U Q6 07 yo.ZJ 1 IS.

/i n -4U Q£ 07 Vo.ZJ 'II.'

1 IS. /in -4U

100.41 TK -40 99.99 TK -40 98.53 TK -40 100.30 TK -40 98.95 TK -40

Absorbed Energy

T

<l

Machines

ID

Test Temperature

o c

00 Vj.oZ TVI IS. -40 V0.J4 1 Is. A f\ -40 O^ 1/1 yo.J4 TI/

1 Is. A A -40 QO 0^ 1 IS. a n -4U QQ £0 TV1 IS. a n -4U QQ 0£ TVJ IS. /in -4U

Q/1 0£ 1 IS. /in -4U OA /I A TV1 is.

/i n -4U Q^ 77 7J. / J TV1 IS. An -4U 07 no y 1 \jy TV1 JS. /in -4U 06 0^ I IS. An -4U QA 1 7 V4. 1 / TVJ IS. /in -4U Q^ 'nO yj. jZ TV1 IS. /in -4U

i nn 8/i TV1 IS. /in -4U

i no ^ 1 TV1 IS./i n -41) 07 1 Q y 1

1 y TV1 IS. a n -4U

i no in 1 UZ.JU J IS. /in -4U QAVO.Do^8 TH1 1 VJJ An -4U

94.01 T03 -40 99.56 T03 -40 95.05 T03 -40

95.01 T03 -40

16
Appendix III

Table A2.1: Data used for the certified maximum impact force values (SRM 21 13 and SRM 2112).

Machine

Number

Test Number

12

34

56

7

8910

12

34

56

7

. 8910

12

34

56

7

8910

12

34

56

7

Fm (kN)

Low Energy

33.12

33.14

33.03 33.06

33.31 33.07

32.89

33.11 33.36

33.44

36.65 37.58 37.00 38.32

35.72

37.17 35.89

34.00

36.05 36.33 34.90

34.81 34.96

34.21 33.60

33.42 35.30

35.01 33.06

36.31 22.90

22.70

22.70

23.20

22.70 23.00

22.70

Fm (kN) High Energy

23.39

23.44 23.32

23.31 23.38

23.24

23.30 23.32

23.30

23.33 25.06

25.16

24.93 24.90

24.96 24.96

25.07 25.00

25.02 25.28

23.60 23.52

23.68

23.68

23.91 23.46

23.64 23.70

23.55 NA

18.50

18.30

18.50 18.60 18.60

18.60

18.60

Machine Test Number Number

4 8 4 9 4 10

5 1 5 2

5 3

5 4

5 5

5 6

5 7

5 8

5 9

5 10 6 1 6 2

6 3 6 4

6 5 6 6

6 7 6 8 6 9

6 10 7 1 7 2

7 3 7 4

7 5 7 6

7 7

7 8 7 9

7 10 8a 1 8a 2 8a 3 8a 4

Fm (kN)

Low Energy

23.00 23.20

22.90

31.70

31.90 32.20

31.90 32.20

31.90

32.60

32.20

31.90

31.70 31.90

31.80

32.80

31.40

32.10

31.20

30.70 32.30 31.80

31.20

30.42

30.24 30.09

30.40

30.25 30.57

30.07

30.25

30.25 29.88

33.35 33.14 32.69

33.40

Fm (kN)

High Energy

18.80

18.70 18.80 24.40

24.90

24.70

25.10 24.90

25.10 24.90

25.10

24.70 24.90

24.30

24.50

24.50

24.10 23.90

23.80

23.70 23.90

23.80

24.10

23.30 23.10

23.02

23.11 23.03 22.94 23.06

23.19

23.10

23.06 24.40

24.43 24.47

24.44

17
Machine Test Fm (kN) Fm (kN)

Number Number Low Energy High Enerj

8a 5 33.23 24.50

8a 6 32.26 24.48 8a 7 33.53 24.15

8a 8 33.20 24.50

8a 9 32.59 24.48

8a 10 31.88 24.36 8b 1 32.54 24.23 8b 2 33.84 24.51

Machine Test Fm (kN) Fm (kN)

Number Number Low Energy High Energy

8b 3 32.82 ' 24.52 8b 4 32.79 24.41 8b 5 33.64 24.51 8b 6 31.75 24.36 8b 7 33.45 24.40 8b 8 33.79 24.56 8b 9 32.26 24.55 8b 10 33.79 24.44

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