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NBSIR 81-2359 (DoE) /<

Survey:

Materials Life Cycle Research and

Development in the Federal

Government Fiscal year 1 980

U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Bureau of Standards

National Measurement Laboratory

Washington, DC 20234

September 1981

100

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81-2359

1981

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For the Committee on

Materials, (COMAT)
1

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NBSIR 81-2359 (DoE)

^ • U SURVEY:

MATERIALS LIFE CYCLE RESEARCH AND

DEVELOPMENT IN THE FEDERAL

^

. GOVERNMENT FISCAL YEAR 1980

by COMAT Working Group

John B. Wachtman, Jr., Leader

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Bureau of Standards

National Measurement Laboratory

Washington, DC 20234

September 1981

For the Committee on

Materials, (COMAT)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director

Materials Life Cycle Research and Development

in the Federal Government

Fiscal Year 1980

John B. Wachtman, Jr.

Director, Center for Materials Science

National Bureau of Standards

Leade r, COMAT Working Group for Survey

of Federal Materials Research and Development

Fiscal Year 1980

For the Committee on Materials, (COMAT)

Chairman , COMAT

Dr. Edward A. Frieman, ER-1

Director, Office of Energy Research

Department of Energy

Executive Secretary , COMAT

Dr. Louis C. lanniello, ER-131

Chief, Metallurgy and Ceramics Branch

Materials Sciences Division

Office of Energy Research

Department of Energy
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Materials Life Cycle Research and Development

in the Federal Government

Fiscal Year 1980

John B. Wachtman, Jr.

Director, Center for Materials Science

National Bureau of Standards

Leader , COMAT Working Group for Survey

of Federal Materials Research and Development

Fiscal Year 1980

For the Committee on Materials, (COMAT)

Chairman , COMAT

Dr. Edward A. Frieman, ER-1

Director, Office of Energy Research

Department of Energy

Executive Secretary , COMAT

Dr. Louis C. lanniello, ER-131

Chief, Metallurgy and Ceramics Branch

Materials Sciences Division

Office of Energy Research

Department of Energy
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I
COMAT Survey of Materials Life Cycle R & D

in the Federal Government; Fiscal Year 1980

Table of Contents Page

- Acronyms and Abbreviations ii

- Membership of COMAT Working Group on Survey of Federal R & D in 1 Materials, Fiscal Year 1980

- Introduction 2

- Key Findings 3

- Table 1. Distribution of Materials R & D Funding by Agency 1980, 1976 4

- Table la. Distribution of 1980 Materials R & D Funding by Nature of 5

Work

- Table 2. Distribution of R & D Funding by End Use 6

- Table 2a. Distribution of R & D Funding by End Use: Comparison of 7 1980 & 1976 Totals

- Table 3. Distribution of R & D Funding by Stage of the Materials 8

Cycle

- Table 3a. Distribution of R & D Funding by Stage of the Materials 9

Cycle: Comparison of 1980 & 1976 Totals

- Table 4. Distribution of Materials R & D Funding by Performer 10

- Table 4a. Distribution of Materials R & D Funding by Performer: 11

Comparison of 1980 & 1976 Totals

- Table 5. Distribution of R & D Funding by Class of Materials 12

- Table 6. Distribution of R & D Funding for Critical Materials by 13

Material and by Technology Goal

- Table 7. Distribution of Critical Materials R & D Funding by Stage of 14

the Materials Cycle

- COMAT Member Agencies and Representatives 15

- List of agencies and organization units reporting in 1980 Survey 16

- Survey Questionnaire and Definitions 19

- COMAT Charter 27

[

1
Acronyms and Abbreviations

DOC - Department of Commerce

DOD - Department of Defense

DOE - Department of Energy

DOI - Department of the Interior

DOL - Department of Labor

DOS - Department of State

DOT - Department of Transportation

ERA - Environmental Protection Agency

FEMA - Federal Emergency Management Agency

GSA - General Services Administration

HFIS - Department of Health and Human Services

HUD - Department of Housing and Urban Development

NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Admini strati

NRC - Nuclear Regulatory Commission

NSF - National Science Foundation

Smithsonian - The Smithsonian Institute

Treasury - Department of the Treasury

TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority

USDA - Department of Agriculture
Membership of COMAT Working Group on Survey of Federal Research and

Development in Materials; Fiscal Year 1980

Arden L. Bement

Deputy Under Secretary of Defense

for Research and Engineering

Room 3E114, Pentagon

Washington, DC 20301

Charles F. Bersch

RTM-6

NASA

Washington, DC 20546

Douglas Chisholm

Department of Transportation

Research and Special Programs Administration

DPB-25

400 7th Street, SW

Washington, DC 20590

Louis lanniello (COMAT Executive Secretary)

Department of Energy

Div. of Materials Sciences

Mail Stop G-256

Washington, DC 20545

Ronald Kagarise

National Science Foundation

1800 G Street

Washington, DC 20550

Charles B. Kenahan

Deputy Director for Minerals Research

Bureau of Mines

2401 E Street, NW Room 912

Washington, DC 20241

John B. Wachtman, Jr. (Leader of Working Group)

National Bureau of Standards

Bldg. 223, Room B308

Washington, DC 20234

1
COMAT Survey of Materials Life Cycle R & D in the

Federal Government Fiscal Year 1980

Introduction

• The Survey of Materials Life Cycle R & D in the Federal Government - Fiscal Year 1980 was undertaken by COMAT in response to Congressional

expressions of interest that the 1976 Inventory of Federal Materials

R & D* be updated.

• The survey was accomplished by distributing a questionnaire to COMAT

member agency representatives and to five other Federal agencies

which participated in the 1976 Inventory.

• The 1980 survey questionnaire was designed to update the 1976

Inventory data and to develop new information as follows:

- Data on funding distributions by nature of research (basic, applied,

developmental )

.

- Data on funding distributions by two additional "National Goals"

("End Uses" see Tables 2 and 2a). These were "Productivity"

and "Critical and Strategic Materials".

- Data on funding of research on individual critical and strategic

materials by technological goal and also by stage in the materials

cycle.

• The definition of materials used in the 1976 Inventory was used for

the 1980 Survey. Funding data was requested for both direct and

related impacts on major distribution categories.

• In the 1980 Survey, funds were attributable to more than one goal

within the following distributions: end use, stage of cycle,

class of materials, and critical material technology goal.

*Phase I Report: Inventory and Analysis of Materials Life Cycle Research

and Development in the Federal Government - Fiscal Year

1976; by COMAT Task Force I, Thomas V. Falkie, Chairman.

A limited number of copies are available from

Dr. John B. Wachtman, Jr., Director, Center for

Materials Science, National Bureau of Standards,

Washington, D.C. 20234.

2
COMAT Survey of Materials Life Cycle R & D in the

Federal Government Fiscal Year 1980

Key Findings

• Total Federal R & D funding for materials R & D in FY 1980 was $1,103,683K vs. $961 ,320K in FY 1976.

• 72% of total funding was provided by 3 agencies: DOE, DOD, and

DOI.

• Comparable amounts were reported for basic research, applied

research, and development: $326,156K; $413,386K; and $357,571K,

respectively.

• 37% of the 1980 Federal materials R & D funding was directed to

improved energy supplies; 26% to national security; 19% to

improve the science and technology base and 6% to improve

industrial productivity.

• In terms of stages of the materials cycle, the largest expenditures

(25%) was directed to applications and utilization of materials.

• 23% of the 1980 Federal materials R & D was performed within

the funding agencies and an additional 30% in non civil -service

Federal laboratories; 42% was performed by the private sector:

23% by industry, 19% by universities.

• $66,762K of the 1980 Federal R & D in materials was related

to technologies for reducing U.S. dependence on critical and

strategic materials (Table 2).

• Critical materials research was reported for fourteen elements

with the largest expenditures on developing substitution and

life extension technologies for chromium containing alloys.

Substantial efforts were reported for aluminum, titanium,

nickel, and cobalt (Table 6).

3
Table 1. Distribution of Materials R & D Funding by Agency

($ 1 , 000 )

Funding Agency 1980 Funds % of Total , 1980 1976 Funds

DOE 514,100 46.6 332,8971

DOD 160,200 14.5 131,881

DOI 119,686 10.8 165,350*

NSF 88,920 8.1 68,700

NASA 78,582 7.1 51 ,533

USDA 64,598 5.9 38,254

DOC 35,795 3.2 21,080

NRC 13,674 1.2 7,028

TVA 9,650 0.87 9,226

HHS 6,070 0.55 16,6252

DOT 3,442 0.31 6,153

DOL 3,000 0.28 —

TREASURY 2,516 0.23 790

ERA 2,400 0.22 99,399

SMITHSONIAN 1 ,000 0.009 1,000

FEMA 50 0.005 —

HUD — — 6,669

DOS — — 540

GSA — — 132

TOTALS 1 ,103,683 100.0 961 ,320

1 Energy Research and Development Administration

2 Department of Health, Education and Welfare

*The decrease in DOI materials R & D funding from 1976 to 1980 reflects the

transfer in 1977 of energy materials program elements from DOI to DOE.

4
Table la. Distribution of 1980 Materials R & D Funding by Nature of Work

($1 , 000 )

Basic Applied

Research Research Development Total

DOE 113,200 110,700 290,200 514,100

DOD 44,000 97,900 18,300 160,200

DOI 24,492 79,337 15,857 119,686

NSF 83,980 4,940 — 88,920

NASA 22,910 49,030 6,642 78,582

USDA 23,994 34,459 6,145 64,598

DOC 4,321 19,485 11,989 35,795

NRC — 13,674 — 13,674

TVA 1,948 5,154 2,548 9,650

HHS 5,751 319 — 6,070

DOT 200 3,153 89 3,442

DOL --- — 3,000 3,000

TREASURY 310 1,435 771 2,516

ERA — 400 2,000 2,400

SMITHSONIAN 1,000 — — 1,000

FEMA

1 50 — — 50

Itotals _.326,156 413,386 357,571 1 ,103,6^

5
1

Table 2. Distribution of Funding by End Use**

($ 1000 ) Critical S National Adequacy Stategic Standard Environ- Transpor- Conmuni- Security Suppl ies Materials Energy Prod. Living ment tatlon cation S & T DOE 109,800 900 29,200 368,800 1 ,400 ... 60.700 13,100 ... 85,700

DOD 160,200 —

14,800 10,500 10,000 12,500 5,000 3,000 15,000 6,000 93,400

DO I 13,091 38,231 13,382 21,599 12,355 298 13,739 2,437 7,850 880 6,877 — 2,177 ... 10.836 ... ... ...

NSF 2,940 230 200 150 165 81,350 51,600 4,440 1,600 33,400 3.000 5,070 4.970 3,340 1,500 100

NASA 500 1,016 200 670 7,000 41,160 4,000 24,036 60,282 832 --- 400 3.796 ... ... 8,438 1,352 ... USDA — 26,102 — 2,226 28,521 1,667 2,905 ... — 3,281

DOC 930 2,620 1,312 2,939 15,495 2,810 2,275 10,976 500 11,448 6,634 520 3.520 4,020 2,920 818 2,215 1,500 450 3,316 NRC — — — 13,674 .- ... ... ... ... TVA — 1,848 — — — 2,778 5,024 — ... ...

HHS —

—- —

— 6,070 ... ... ... 5,750

DOT — — 745 — 623 ... 2,074 ... — — — — — 279 — — 1,115 — —

DOL — — — — — 3,000 ... ... ... ...

TREASURY 182 467 — — 317 1 ,550 ... ... ... ...

ERA --- — — ... 2,400

...

...

...

SMITHSONIAN --- — — — — — ... ... ... 1,000

FEMA

50 50

50 — —

...

... ... ... ...

Direct: 284,703 74,124 44,374 410,853 65,238 18,796 84,808 67,310 6,937 206,815

Related: 126,416 21.522 22.497 47.820 24.672 10.888 23.421 29.393 9.302 102.566

tUpper amounts “direct" Lower amounts “related" All amounts reported “direct" The survey allowed attribution of funds to more than one end use; therefore agency totals may differ slightly

from the funding totals reported in Table 1.

I

6
Table 2a. Distribution of R & D Funding by End Use:

Comparison of 1980 & 1976 Totals

($ 1000 )

End Use 1980 Total % of 1980 Total* 1976 Total % of 1976 Total ^ National Security 284,703

(126,416)

25.8 190,872 19.8

Adequacy of Supplies 73,424

(21,522)

6.6 94,917 9.87

Critical & Strategic

Materials

44,374

(22,497)

4.0 — —

Energy 410,853

(47,820)

37.2 320,922 33.4

Productivity 65,238

(24,672)

5.9 — —

Standard of Living 18,796

(10,888)

1.7 101,759 10.6

Environment 84,808

(23,421)

7.7 129,420 13.5

Transportation 68,116

(29,393)

6.2 21,151 2.20

Communication 6,937

(9,302)

0.6 2,798 0.29

Science & Technology 206,915

(102,566)

18.7 99,799 10.38

J

1

*Funds were attributable to more than one goal within this distribution.

7
Table 3. Distribution of R S D Funding by Stage of the Materials Cycle''^ ($ 1000 ) Exploration Extraction Processing Manuf. Application Evaluation Developof of Raw of Raw and and of ment of Waste Resources Materials Materials Fabrication Utilization Properties New Materials Management

*D0E 1 .300 900 5,700 85,700 187,200 108,300 44,800 59,400

000 2,000 12,000 35,000 21 ,600 87,000 500

... ... ... ... 12,000 25,800 15,000 3,500

DOI 62,570 15,060 925 8,656 1,575 7,715 7,307 313 5,700 903 8,740 — 89 — — 9,232

NSF 630 1,880 1,670 1 ,260 30 74,070 85 40 200 760 2,760 1,500 4,580 120 860 1,760

NASA 2,464 150 23,274 19,660 16,747 16,257 30 ... ... ... 2,750 33,155 100 320 80

•USDA 27,607 3,067 5,550 10,625 4,778 7,310 5,177 2,686

OOC 47 541 1,450 11,290 12,160 12,988 1 ,440 247 130 206 524 3,502 1,923 6,880 1,700 1,184

*NRC — ... ... ... 8,474 4,940 ... 746

*TVA ... 1,848 ... ... 2,548 ... 100 5,154

HHS 32 28 5,060 39 ... — — — 5,060 69 ... ...

DOT _ _ _ 55 1,050 1,087 495 250

... ... ... ... 244 335 ... ...

*D0L ... ... ... ... ... ... 3,000 ...

‘TREASURY ... ... ... 752 1,447 103 214 ...

EPA

... 300 300 300 700 300 ... 500

1* SMITHSON IAN ... ... ... ... ... 1,000 ... ...

!fema — — — — — ... ... ... ... ...

Di rect: 94,618 23,296 17,445 153,644 273,950 260,920 165,914 69,366

Related: 6,030 2.169 12,324 8,052 57,751 3,604 17,880 16,256

fUpper amounts "direct" Lower amounts "related"

*A11 amounts reported "direct"

i;

8
Table 3a. Distribution of R & D Funding by Stage of the Materials Cycle:

Comparison of 1980 & 1976 Totals

Stage of Materials

Cycle 1980 Funding* % of 1980 Total** 1976 Funding % of 1976 Total

Exploration of

Resources

' ' ~

T 94,618

(6,030)

8.6 59,948 7.0

Extraction of Raw

Materials

23,296

(2,169)

2.1 89,083 10.5

Processing of Raw

Materials

17,445

(12,324)

1.6 60,947 7.1

Manufacture and Fabrication

153,644

(8,052)

13.9 16,244 1.9

Application and Utilization

273,950

(57,751)

24.8 187,583 22.1

Evaluation of Properties

260,920

(3,604)

23.6 219,488 25.8 1

1

1 Development of Raw

Material

s

165,914

(17,880)

15.0 122,778 14.5 i

I Waste Management 69,366

(16,256) 6.3

93,873 11.1 i

Unspecified — 111,825 i

*Upper figures "direct"

Lower figures "related"

**Funds were attributable to more than one goal within this distribution.

9
Table 4. Distribution of Materials R & D Funding by Performer

($ 1000 )

Other Non-Civil NonWithin Fed. Service Profit

Universities Industry Agency Labs Nat'l Labs Labs

DOE 61 ,800 113,600 1 ,000 8,400 318,600 7,600

DOD 30,500 80,900 34,100 3,300 3,300 16,800

DOI 7,759 8,694 91,829 925 300 279

NSF 86,450 1,600 — — 550 320

NASA 7,767 37,071 30,610 915 1,810 409

USDA 5,905 — 58,959 — — —

DOC 1 ,360 11,599 20,991 890 150 818

NRC 370 195 1,410 11,104 — 595

TVA — — 9,650 — — —

HHS 4,880 46 — 13 — 60

DOT 197 1,335 160 238 804 708

DOL — 3,000 — — — —

TREASURY 100 — 612 354 — 1,450

EPA 300 1 ,300 200 300 — 300

SMITHSONIAN — — 1 ,000 — — —

FEMA — — — 50 — —

1|totals 207,388 259,340 250,521 26,489 325,514 29,339

10
Table 4a. Distribution of Materials R & D Funding by Performer:

Comparison of 1980 & 1976 Totals

($ 1000 )

Performer 1980 Funds % of 1980 Total* 1976 Funds % of 1976 Total

Universities 207,388 18.8 125,519 16.5

Industry 259,340 23.5 124,5201 16.4

Within Agency 250,521 22.7 245,5482 32.2

Other Federal

Labs

26,489 2.4 — —

Non CivilService

National Labs

325,514 29.5 232,858 30.6

Non-Profit Labs 29,339 2.7 26,620 3.5

Unspecified — — 200,275 —

*Funds were attributable to more than one goal within this distribution.

^ "Private"

2" Federal Government"

11
Table 5. Distribution of R & 0 Funding by Class of Materials

($ 1000 )

Metals Ceramics Nonfood

and and Elect. Polymers Agric. & Alloys Glass Materials Geologic Plastics Composites Fuel Animal *D0E 186,400 77,700 58,500 42,400 24,500 20,800 55,600 100

ODD 62,700

3,700 14,200

2,500 26,300

3,500 500 20,700

1 ,500 25,600 7,500

700

1 ,000

...

DO I 23,193

8,335

800

... 30,589

13,472 3,300

90

31 ,288578 ...

NSF 15,730

6,160 4,290

1 ,300 14,530 10,040 6,760 9,080

2,050

1,210500

500 1,880

1 ,600

NASA 20,270

1 ,270 11,862 2,050

9,322 1,2701,958 7,214

1 ,200 27,180 270

300

506200

*USDA ... ... ... ... 147 920 554 57,632

DOC 17,366

1,720

2,398

350

2,501520

765675 4,469 4854003,720

2,000

570

200

NRC

... ...

...

... ...

... ... ...

*TVA — ... ... 1,848 ... 5,254 2,548 ...

*HHS ... ... ... ... 6,070 ... ... ...

DOT 579250

...

... 30610

235

200

20

745 ... ...

DOL ...

... ...... ... ...

...

...

‘TREASURY | 300 ... ... ... 1 ,000 550 ... ...

EPA 400 100 ... 400 200 300

... ...

SMITHSONIAN

... ...

... ... ... ... ...

FEMA 50 ... ... ... ... ...

... ...

DIRECT: 326,588

RELATED: 21,835

111,250

6,300

Ill ,153 15,330

84,350

15,657

76,715

9,535

82,019

9,535

95,180

5,758

60,808

400

tUpper amounts "direct"

Lower amounts "related"

*A11 amounts reported "direct"

12
<

Table 6. Distribution of R & D Funding for Critical Materials by

\Technology

New

Materials and by Technolo

($1000

Life

^y Goal*

Total Total Element^ Substitution Sources Reclamation Extension Conservation direct related Total Agency^

Chromium 4,546

1,060

961 1,020260

270 20,2701,300

540

200 26,577 3,850

30,427 1. 3, 4

Aluminum 8,000

1,676 ... 800

... 2,476 8,000

10,476 1. 2. 3

Titanium 850

3,600

301 210 2,370

500

3,521 4,310

7,831 1, 2. 3, 4

Nickel 807

500

1,662

549

150470 1,100 1,530

325700 4,044 3,749

7,793 1. 4

Cobal

t

670

300 2,216

520

150

200

770230 ... 3,806 1,250

5,056 1, 3, 4, 5

Niobium 2,000 212

70 1,400

500 3,612

570 4,182 1. 3, 4

Platinum 700 537 150 200 380 1,817 150

1,967 1, 3

Manganese

400

1,059

204

... ...... 1,059

604 1 ,663 3, 4

Tantalum

... ... --- 1,100

500 1,100

500 1 ,600 4

Tungsten

...

527230 200

... 340 867 430

1,297 3

Iron Ore ... 840

280 ...

... 840

280 1,120 3

Beryl Hum 75100

... ... —

75 100

175 2

Gold ... 142 ... ...

... 142

...

142 3

Vanadium ^ ... 125 —

... —

125 ...

125 3

Direct 9,648 10,258 560 28,010 1 ,585 50,061 ... 73,854 Related 13,960 2,523 1,850 3,060 2,400 ... 23,793

Totals 23,608 12,781 2,410 31,070 3,985

‘Upper amounts "direct" Lower amounts "related"

1. Department of Energy

2. Department of Defense

3. Department of the Interior

4. Department of Commerce

5. National Aeronautics and Space Administration

13
Table 1. Distribution of Critical Materials R i D Funding by Stage of the Materials Cvcl

($ 1000 )

Exploration Processing Manufacture Appl ication Evaluation Development

of Raw and and of of Waste

Resources Extraction Materials Fabrication Utilization Properties Material s Management Total

s

Chromium 151 550 10,300 60,050 15,570 31 ,616 260 118,497 —

—

—

420 100 ... 300 70 890

A1 umi num 121 ...

1 ,555 1,000 3,000 5,000 500

... 11,176

Niobium 32 180 2,000 3,000 1,000 4,000 10,212 — — --- 200 200 500 ... 70 970

Cobal

t

120 306 825 810 1 ,000 1,190 1,270 397 5,918

30 106 381 420 113 100 530 84 1 ,764

T i tan i urn 51 250 300 1,000 1,000 1,050 3,651 — ... 210 200 200 500 300 ... 1,410

Platinum 38 500 200 500 1,000 680 2,918 — — — ... ... ... ... 150 15C

Manganese 55 251 50 500 600 1 ,000 300 247 3,003

30 106 124 ... 113 ... ... 288 661

Nickel 120 251 660 500 860 397 2,788

30 243 324 200 313 500 230 293 2,133

Lead 92 —

950

... ...

... ... 265 1,307

Tantalum — 100 200 500 200 1,000 — — — 200 200 500 ... 90C

Iron Ore 840 840 — — — ... ... ... ... 280 28C

Tungsten 57 470 125 652 —

— 430 — — — — — 430

Direct 837 808 6,830 15,210 69,350 26,760 40,601 1 ,566 161,962

Related 90 455 1,469 1,640 1,239 2,100 1,360 1,235 9,588

‘Upper amounts "direct"

Lower amounts "related"

14
COMAT Representatives

Chairman, COMAT

Dr. Edward A. Frieman, ER-1*

Director, Office of Energy Research

Department of Energy

Mr. John Erickson

Di rector

Forest Products & Engineering Research

Department of Agriculture

Dr. Jordan Baruch*

Assistant Secretary for Science

and Technology

Department of Commerce

Dr. Arden L. Bement, Jr.*

Deputy Undersecretary of Defense

for Research and Advanced Technology

Department of Defense

Dr. Kurt Riegel

Associate Deputy Assistant Administrator

Environmental Engineering & Technology

Environmental Protection Agency

Dr. Charles Thiel

Deputy Associate Director

Mitigation and Research

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Mr. Roy Markon

Commissioner

Federal Property Research Service

General Services Administration

Executive Secretary, COMAT

Dr. Louis C. lanniello, ER-131

Chief, Metallurgy and Ceramics Branch

Materials Science Division

Office of Energy Research

Department of Energy

Dr. Lowell T. Harmison

Science Advisor

Office of Senior Advisor for

Environmental Affairs

Office of Assistant Secretary of Health

Department of Health and Human Services

Dr. Arthur Newburg

Director of Management & Program Control

Office of Policy Development

and Research

Department of Housing and Urban Development

Dr. Charles Kenahan

Deputy Director, Minerals & Research

Bureau of Mines

Department of the Interior

Dr. Leonard Harris

Chief, Materials and Structures

Research and Technology Division

Office of Aeronautics & Space Technology

National Aeronautics & Space Administration

Dr. William Klemperer

Assistant Director for Mathematical

and Physical Sciences

National Science Foundation

Mr. Norman Terrell*

Deputy Assistant Secretary for

Science and Technology, OES

Department of State

Dr. Gregory Haugan

Director, Transportation Projects

Bureau

Research & Special Programs Admin.

Department of Transportation

*C0MAT representatives as of January 1981; individuals indicated have

left office and new representatives had not yet been named at the time

this report was prepared.

15
COMAT SURVEY OF LIFE CYCLE MATERIALS R & D in the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, FISCAL YEAR 1980

REPORTING AGENCIES, ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS, AND AGENCY CONTACTS

• Department of Agriculture

John R. Erickson (202) 447-5653

- Forestry Service

John R. Erickson (202) 447-5653

- Science and Education Administration

Steven Feairheller (215) 247-5202

Agricultural Research

Cooperative Research

• Department of Commerce

John B. Wachtman, Jr. (301) 921-2891

- National Bureau of Standards

John B. Wachtman, Jr. (301) 921-2891

- Maritime Administration

John Garvey (202) 377-5425

- National Oceanic and Atomspheric Administration

Amor L. Lane FTS 443-8323

• Department of Defense

Jerome Persh (202) 695-0005

- Air Force Office of Scientific Research

T. E. Walsh (202) 767-4984

- Naval Material Command

James J. Kelly (202) 696-4791

- Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center

E. S. Wright (617) 923-3275

- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

E. C. Van Reuth (703) 694-4750

• Department of Energy

L. C. lanniello (301) 353-3428

- Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy

- Office of the Assistant Secretary for Defense Programs

16
- Office of the Assistant Secretary for Resource Applications

- Office of the Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Solar Energy

- Office of the Assistant Secretary for Environment

- Office of the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy

- Office of Associate Director for Magnetic Fusion Energy

- Office of Associate Director for Basic Energy Sciences

= Division of Materials Sciences

= Division of Chemical Sciences

= Division of Engineering, Mathematics, and Geosciences

= Division of Advanced Energy Projects

Environmental Protection Agency

Kurt Riegel (202) 755-4858

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Larry M. Hall (202) 566-0514

Department of Health and Human Services

Frances A. Pitlick (301) 496-1586

Department of the Interior

Charles B. Kenahan (202) 634-1263

- Bureau of Mines

- Geological Survey

- Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement

- Office of Water Research and Technology

Department of Labor

David Welsh (202) 523-7166

- Occupational Safety and Health Administration

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

C. F. Bersch (202) 755-8501

Nuclear Regulatory Commission

John T. Larkins (202) 427-4272

National Science Foundation

Ronald E. Kagarise (202) 357-9794

17
- Division of Materials Research

- Division of Chemical and Process Engineering

- Division of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

- Division of Intergovernmental Science and Public Technology

- Division of Earth Sciences

- Applied Physical, Mathematical and Biological Sciences and

Engineering Section

- Division of Problem-Focused Research; Alternative Biological

Sources of Material Program

The Smithsonian Institute

Daniel E. Appelman (202) 357-2632

The Tennessee Valley Authority

Richard C. Keeton (615) 632-2374

Department of Transportation

Gregory T. Haugan (202) 426-2022

- Federal Highway Administration

Richard E. Hay (703) 557-5201

- Federal Railroad Administration

Naseem Ahmed (202) 426-0955

- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

S. F. Powell (202) 426-2957

- U.S. Coast Guard

T. H. Robinson (202) 426-2205

Department of the Treasury

William A. Schall (202) 566-5507

- Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms

- Bureau of Printing and Engineering

- Bureau of the Mint

18
1980 COMAT Survey

Questionnaire and Definitions

19
COMAT Survey of Materials Research and Development

in the Federal Government--Fiscal Year 1980

Part A--0veran Agency Materials R&D Program

A-1. Please provide a statement of agency mission as it relates to Materials

R&O. (Use additional pages if necessary).

A-2. Person to contact for overall agency Materials R&D Program:

Name:

Mailing Address:

Telephone Number:

A-3. Agency's total Materials R&D Funding in FY80: $

A-4. Classification of the agency's total Materials Program by nature of

work. (Note that item A-4 can be completed by adding the

corresponding answers given for primary program components. See

attached notes for definitions of terms.)

FY8I Agency funding for:

(a) basic research

(b) applied research

(c) development

Total (should agree with A-3).

20
A-5.*Classification of the agency's total Materials Program by end use. FY80 Agency funding for:

Direct! Related!

(a) national security

(b) adequacy of materials supplies

(c) critical and strategic materials

(d) energy

(e) productivity

(f) standard of living

(g) environment

(h) transportation

(i) communication ______

(j) science and technology

A-6.*Classification of the agency's total Materials Program by stage of

the materials cycle.

FY80 Agency funding for:

Direct! Related!

(a) exploration of resources

(b) extraction of raw materials

(c) processing of raw materials

(d) manufacture and fabrication

(e) application and utilization

(f) evaluation of properties

(g) development of materials

(h) waste management

A-7.*Classification of the agency's total Materials Program by performer.

FY80 agency's Materials Program performed:

(a) in universities

(b) in industry

(c) within agency

(d) in other Federal laboratories

(e) in non-civil service national laboratories

(f) in not-for-profit laboratories

21
A-8. *Classification of the agency's total Materials Program by class of

material

.

Directt Relatedf

(a) Metals and alloys

(b) Ceramics and glass

(c) Electronic materials

(d) Geologic materials

(e) Polymers, plastics, elastomers

(f) Composites

(g) Fuel materials

(h) Nonfood agricultural and animal products

Answers are requested for A-9 and A- 10 below for each critical and

strategic material (see definition) under investigation in agency's

programs; use additional sheets as needed.

A-9.*Classificaton of the agency's research funding for specific critical

and strategic materials by stages in the materials cycle:

CRITICAL OR STRATEGIC MATERIAL

Directt Relatedf

(a) exploration of resources

(b) extraction of raw materials

(c) processing of raw materials

(d) manufacture and fabrication

(e) application and utilization

(f) evaluation of properties

(g) development of materials

(h) waste management

22
A-10*Classification of the agency's research funding for specific critical

and strategic materials by the following Technology goals (see

definitions):

CRITICAL OR STRATEGIC MATERIAL

Direct! Related!

(a) Substitution Technology

(b) New Sources or New Production Technology ___

(c) Reclamation Technology

(d) Life Extension Technology

(e) Conservation Technology

A-11. Person to contact for detailed information on critical and

strategic materials program.

Name:

Mailing Address:

Telephone Number:

*Note: funds may be attributed to more than one goal where

appropriate. See attached notes for definition of terms.

!"0irect": Program funding for research whose impact is intended

primarily for the indicated category.

"Related": Program funding for research primarily directed to one or more other categories, but with significant potential for

impact in the indicated category.

For example, research directed primarily to improve performance

of potential substitutes for critical materials [A-5(c)-Direct]

may have significant impact on materials for national security

[A-5(a)-Related].

23
lifini lions for the COMAT Survey of Federal Research and

Development in Materials for Fiscal Year 1980

The following definitions are generally based upon the previous COMAT

Inventories: Phase I Report, Inventory and Analysis of Materials Life

Cycle Research and Development in the Federal Government Fiscal Year

1976, issued in April 1976. Phase II Report, Inventory and Analysis of

Materials Life Cycle Research and Development in U.S. Industry 1977,

issued in April 1979.

Definition of Materials

Materials include any substance segregated, introduced or used by man in

performance of functions. The COMAT inventory includes all aspects of

R&D commitments to any of the stages in the life cycle of materials,

ranging from the identification of natural resources to their final

stage of recycle or final disposal. It is concerned with both renewable

resources and nonrenewable resources, through their transition from raw materials into industrial and consumer materials, as well as to their

consumption and use. Materials are accordingly defined to include such

substances as raw minerals, metals, composites, ceramics, semiconductors,

dielectrics, glasses, polymers, wood, fiber, leather, geologic materials

and other nonfood agricultural and animal products, byproducts, scrap and

wastes. R&D on processing coal, gas, oil, and nuclear fuel materials are included, but not on their use as fuels. In addition to the more

commonly recognized materials of manufacture, "nonmanufactured" materials

are included. Specifically excluded from this inventory are materials

being used for food and drugs.

Definition of Critical and Strategic Materials

Critical and Strategic Materials are defined here as (a) those which are primarily imported, for which there are prospects of shortages or uncertain

supply, for which substitutes are not presently available) and (b) which

will be needed in a National emergency to supply industrial, military and

essential civilian needs; these include manganese, cobalt, chromium and

platinum group metals, columbium, mica, titanium, tantalum, bauxite,

asbestos, tin, nickel, cadmium, potassium, mercury, zinc, tungsten, and

gold.

Definition of Materials Research and Development

The Office of Management and Budget (Circular #A-11, June 3, 1980) defines

research and development categories as follows:

Basic Research: Systematic, intensive study directed toward greater

knowledge or understanding of the subject studied.

Applied Research: Systematic Study directed specifically toward

applying new knowledge to meet a recognized need.

24
Development: Systematic application of knowledge toward the

production of useful materials, devices and

systems or methods; including design, development

and improvement of prototypes and new processes

to meet specific requirements.

Using this definition, materials R&D for the purposes of the COMAT

inventory is not restricted to research on the structures and properties

of materials, or the development of materials to meet the requirements

for specialized engineering functions. It includes R&D directed toward

any portion of the total materials life cycle, from exploration and

mining through manufacture, to final disposal and recycling/reuse.

Programs involving energy demands and environmental impacts associated with

the various stages of the materials cycle also are included, as are programs directed toward assessing the economic impact of materials

supply/avai 1 abi 1 i ty.

On the other hand, specifically excluded from the inventory are studies

involving routine data collection and compilation, routine failure

analysis, regulatory or compl iance-type testing and routine economic

presentations of statistical data.

Definition of End Use Categories

[These categories with the exception of Critical Materials and Productivity

are the same as those described in Appendix F-1 of the COMAT Phase I report

(1976). Definitions below are based on the descriptions in that report.]

National Security—The programs directed toward development of materials

for national defense.

Adequacy of Materials Suppl ies --Programs directed toward the development

of, and conservation of materials and materials resources; and programs

which are directed toward: exploration for resources other than fuel

materials.

Critical and Strategic Materials

Programs directed toward assessment of needs for critical materials and

toward development of improved understanding of processing, adaptability

in engineering design, and performance of potential substitutes for

critical materials.

Energy-- Programs directed toward materials for energy generation, and

conservation and towards nonfuel uses of fuel materials.

Productivity—Programs which are directed to improvements or innovations

in materials processing or in the materials themselves, and which have

potential for positive productivity impact either directly in the

materials processing industries or in the materials using sectors of

the economy.

25
standard of L1 v1 ng ~-Programs directed toward materials research and

development for health and safety, law enforcement, agri.cul ture/general

farming, environmental quality/agricultural impacts, ocean engineering/

biological sciences and fertilizer.

Environment—Programs directed toward materials related to environmental

protection, environmental quality, and ecological restoration.

Transportation—Programs directed to materials for transportation

including construction/roads, highways, and bridges.

Communications —Programs directed toward materials research related to

electrical and electronic ceramics, electronic materials, and semiconductors.

Science and Technology -Programs directed toward development of

knowledge and theory and/or education.

Definition of Technology Goals for Critical and Strategic Materials Research

(Question A- 10):

Subs tituti on-- Research directed to identification and development of materials

and materials properties to replace functions now met primarily by use of

critical materials.

New Sources or Mew Production—Research directed to obtaining critical materials

from marginal or unconventional sources such as chromium from shale ash or manganese from ocean floor nodules.

Raclamation--Research directed to obtaining value from waste such as recovery

of critical materials from processing operations (e.g. , machining scrap), or

from industrial waste stream (e.g., plating baths).

Life Extension—Research directed to extending service life of products

containing critical materials such as design improvement, wear or corrosion

control, or extension of fatigue life.

Conservation-- Research directed to reduction of use of critical materials in

design and processing such as coating technologies, net shape forming techniques,

or reduction of edge scrap.

26
CHARTER OF COMMITTEE ON MATERIALS

of the

FEDERAL COORDINATING COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE,

ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY

Establi shment

Materials-related issues, ranging from the origin of non-renewable

resources, through translation into materials for use to their disposal,

constitute a set of critical problems that cut across many Departments

and agencies of the Executive Branch. To ensure that the scientific and

technol ogical policies of the Executive Branch effectively address these

issues, it is desirable to establish an interagency mechanism for the

formulation of policy. Therefore, a Committee on Materials (COMAT) is

Coordinatino Council for Science, K \ ho*'cK\/ pc; -f-a K1 UJ '.e Federal T f l-. . w . - 'J — —• . 1 . Engineering, and Technology (FCCSET). The Federal Coordinating Council

for Science, Engineering, and Technology was established by 42 U.S.C.

6651. Under Reorganization Plan Number 1 of 1977, it has been established

by the Executive Office of the President under the Chairmanship of the

Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

Purpose

The Committee on Materials shall identify key points of emphasis for

Federal materials research, resource development, and utilization within

the context of the total materials system in the economy. For the purposes

of the Committee, materials shall be defined as all substances of which

products are made or derived, except food, drugs, fuel, and agricultural

prod>jCts, such as wood and leather.

In fulfilling this purpose, the Committee shall:

a) review national needs for materials research, developm.ent, transfer,

and assistance;

b) assess the effectiveness and adequacy of Federal efforts to meet

these national needs;

c) coordinate and facilitate the planning and implementation of

materials-related activities among Federal agencies engaged in

materials research;

d) collect, compile, and disseminate materials information or ensure

its availability otherwise in departments, agencies and in the

private sector;

e) make assessments of critical issues in materials where private

sector actions are affected by government practices and policy;

f) encourage joint programs and/or interactions among Federal agencies,

laboratories, university, and professional societies; and

g) prepare reports describing activities, findings, and recommendations.

27
Members and Chai rcerscn

The Cnairperson of the Committee on Materials shall be appointed. by the

Chairperson of the FCCSET. The Executive Secretary shall be appointed

by the Chairperson of the Comjiiittee on Materials. Membership of the

Committee cn Materials shall be drawn from the subcabinet or other

Senior Policy officials who are cualified to address m.aterials issues

from those Federal agencies having significant materials research and

development activities or materials concerns. Members shall be nominated

by their respective agencies subject to approval by FCCSEt. In addition,

as deemed necessary by the Conmiittee Chairperson and with the concurrence

of the members of the Federal Council, or at the request of the Chairperson

of the FCCSET, additional members or observers may be appointed to

provide specific expertise. The Coinmittee includes representation from:

Department of State

Department of Transportation

Department of Defense

Department of the Interior

Department of Agriculture

Department of Commerce

Department of Health and Human Services

Department of Energy

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Environmental Protection Agency

National Science Foundation

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Departmient of Housing and Urban Development

General Services Administration

Administrative Provisions .

a) The Committee will report to the FCCSET through the Chairperson of

that body.

b) Meetings of the Committee shall be called as deemed aopropriate by

the Committee Chairperson or at the request of the FCCSET. At

least two meetings of the full Conmittee should be held each year

to serve as a forum for the identification of problem areas and for

the discussion and exchange of relevant program information and for

the evaluation of the programs undertaken by the Coinmittee.

c) Special studies, analyses and recommendations may be initiated by

the Conmittee. As necessary, ad hoc subcommittees or working

groups with participation not restricted to Conmittee members may

be formed to assist the Committee in its v/crk.

28
d) S:aff support siiall be obtainea in ::ne saii.e nanner as specified in

Section 3 above. Coinmittee members will assign such working staff

as requested by the Committee Chairperson and as is necessary and

feasible for the conduct of Committee activities and the achievement

of its purpose. The agencies shall pay for direct and incidental

costs arising from the participation of their members and staff in

Committee activities.

The Committee will submit a report on its activities annually as indicated

above after the first J_2 months of its existence. These reports will be

reviewed and assessed by the FCCSET.

Compensati on

All members will be full-tim.e Federal employees who are allowed reimbursement for travel expenses by their agencies plus per diem for

subsistence while serving away from their duty stations in accordance

with Standard Government Travel Regulations.

Determination

I hereby determine that the formation of the Committee on Materials is

in the public interest in connection with the performance of duties

imposed on the Executive Branch by law, and that such duties can best be

performed through the advice and counsel of such a group.

Duration

Approved:

March 1, 1980

Date Frank Press

Chairman, Federal Coordinating

Council for Science, Engineering

and Technology

29
NBS«]14A (REV. 2-BC) U.s. DEPT. OF COMM.

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Materials Life Cycle Research and Development in the Federal G( Fiscal Year 1980

Dvernment

5. AUTHOR(S)

Dr. John b. Wachtman

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

1. PUBLICATION OR

REPORT NO.

2. Performing Organ. Report No, 3. Publication Date

6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION (If joint or other than NB5, see instructions)

Committee on Materials (COMAT)

Chal^an, Dr. Edward Frieman,

Director, Office of Energy Res.,

7. Contract/Grant No.

8 . Type of Report & Period Covered

DOE

9. SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (Street. City. State. ZIP)

10. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

This survey updates similar information obtained in a 1976 inventory of materials

R & D performed by COMAT.

I I Documenudescribes a computer program; SF-185, FlPS Software Summary, is attached.

11. ABSTRACT ( A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a significant

bi bl iography or literature survey, mention it here) The Survey of Materials Life Cycle Research and Development in the Federal

Government - Fiscal Year 1980 was undertaken by the Committee on Materials (COMAT)

in response to Congressional expressions of interest that the 1976 Inventory of

Federal Materials Research and Development be updated. The 1980 survey includes

new information on funding distributions by nature of work (basic or applied research,

and developmental), and data on research funding related to critical and strategic

materials. The total Federal funding for materials research and development as defined herein has increased from $961,320,000 in 1976 to $1,103,683,000 in 1980

(current dollars). The tables of data summarize funding distribution in eight

categories and, where data exist, compare distributions with those reported in

1976.

12.

KEY WORDS fS/x to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only proper names; and separate key words by semicolon s) COMAT; Federal Government; materials; materials life cycle; research; strategic

materials.

13.

AVAILABILITY 14. NO. OF

PRINTED PAGES

I I Unlimited

nri For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

I I Order From Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

20402. 15. Price

Order From National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA. 22161

USCOMM-DC 6043-P80

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