HAROLD ROBINi A Monographic Study

of the Mexican

Species of Enlinia

Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • 1969 NUMBER 25
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ZOOLOGY

NUMBER 25

Harold RoMnson A Monographic Study

of the Mexican

Species of Enlinia

(Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS

CITY OF WASHINGTON
ABSTRACT

Robinson, Harold. A Monographic Study of the Mexican Species of Enlinia (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 25:1-62, 1969.—

Fifty-three species are recorded for Mexico, including Enlinia ciliata Robinson previously known from the southeastern United States and 52 previously undescribed. The

newly described species are placed in 20 groups as follows: I. E. elegans (closely

related to the type-species, E. magistri (Aldrich) of the United States, E. ornata, E.

anomalipennis, E. lobata, E. plumicauda, E. crinita, E. interrupta, E. maculata, E.

obovatz. (last two similar to E. sordida (Aldrich) of the West Indies); II. E. marginata; III. (E. ciliata group) E. convergens, E. albipes; IV. E. femorata, E. cristata;

V. E. armata, E. fusca, E. distincta, E. hirtitarsis, E. fasciata, E. setosa; VI. E. flavicornis; VII. E. tibialis; VIII. E. elongata, E. chaetophora; IX. E. halteralis; X.

E. montana, E. angustifacies, E. maxima, E. latijacies, E. media; XI. E. scutitarsis;

XII. E. seticauda, E. ramosa (last also reported from Panama); XIII. E. magnicornis;

XIV. E. hirtipes, E. clavulijera, E. fimbriata; XV. E. ventralis, E. brevipes; XVI. E.

nigricans; XVII. E. acuticornis, E. frontalis; XVIII. E. caudata; XIX. E. lamellata,

XX. E. simplex, E. unisetosa, E. brachychaeta, E. scabrida, E. latipennis, E. seriata, E.

ciliifemorata, and E. exigua. General observations include the trends toward spectacularly ornate male wings, legs, abdominal sternites, and genitalia and the preference for

sunlight in group I; the simple structure and preference for shade of group XX;

preference for soil rather than rock substrates of group III; occurrence on relatively

dry substrates of group V; the relatively large size of species of groups VIII and X,

and the apparent restriction of group X to higher elevations where other groups

do not occur.

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Harold Robinson A Monographic Study

of the Mexican

Species of Enlinia

(Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

Since 1932 when the type-species, Enlinia magistri,

was described by Aldrich from New York, and 1934

when the species was included in the treatment of the

North American Diptera by Curran, the highly modified wing of the male has been of particular interest.

The distorted venation and clusters of hairs on the wing

have seemed unique among the Diptera. Except for a

passing comment by Aldrich (1932) on an unnamed

female from Indiana, there seems to have been little

thought of other possible species in the genus. Actually,

a second species had been described from the Lesser

Antilles over thirty years earlier by Aldrich (1896) under the name Achalcus sordidus. Recently the diversity

and wide distribution of the genus have become more

obvious with the description of two additional species

in the eastern United States (Robinson, 1964) and the

discovery of other species ranging from California (one

species) to the island of Dominica in the Lesser Antilles

(six species). On a series of trips to Mexico in 1961 and

1963 I made a particular effort to collect members of

the genus, Enlinia, and the present paper is an attempt

to treat 53 species I found in that country.

Males of the type-species of Enlinia were first collected by two European entomologists during the International Entomological Congress at Ithaca, New York,

in 1928. The original name, Collinellula Aldrich

(1932), was intended to honor one of these collectors,

J. E. Collin of England, but that name was preoccupied. The later name, Enlinia, provided by Aldrich

(1933) was intended in abbreviated form to honor the

other collector, G. Enderlein of Berlin.

Harold Robinson, Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.

Aldrich related his genus to Achalcus, and he distinguished Enlinia by its many small acrostichals while

Achalcus had only five pairs. In this case the full range

of variation in Enlinia was not recognized, while at the

same time concepts of Achalcus were based on material

of other genera. Achalcus is a genus of temperate regions that is probably most closely related to Xanthina.

Two American species placed in the genus by Aldrich

have proved to be, in one case, a Micromorphus, and in

the other, an Enlinia. One South American species

placed in Achalcus by Van Duzee (1930) may also

prove to be Enlinia.

In my own concepts I have tended to place the genus

Enlinia close to Harmstonia, which has the same general wing venation, but lacks acrostichals and has setae

on the female face over the mouth. The genus Peloropeodes shows the same general body form, slightly modified foretarsi, and some modification of the hind

margin of the fourth abdominal sternite in the male,

but differs in a host of details such as hypopygium, detailed structure of the foretarsus, and uniseriate acrostichals. All similarities with other genera are

relatively superficial, and the genus Enlinia stands

quite sharply distinct from all others presently known.

While the genus is very distinct and possibly worthy of

a separate subfamily within the Dolichopodidae, any

proposal of a separate family for Enlinia should be

rejected.

Collections

This study is based entirely on specimens collected by

the author in Mexico during the years 1961-1963.

Holotypes, allotypes, and some paratypes are deposited
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

in the United States National Museum. Other specimens are presently in the author's collection.

Morphological Variation

Enlinia differs from many genera in the great number of characters subject to variation that, while distinguishing the species, often obscure their relationships. The range of variation in the genus is quite remarkable, and it is not difficult to see how Aldrich

might believe his Achalcus sordidus and his Enlinia

magistri to be different genera. The three species in

eastern North America, E. magistri, E. ciliata, and

E. saxicola, seem amazingly diverse, yet they with E.

sordidus of the West Indies are all within only one

major subdivision of the genus. Where species have

been found that are obviously closely related, such as

E. magistri and E. elegans, E. maculata and E. obovata, E. ventralis and E. brevipes, E. lobata and E.

plumicauda, E. acuticornis and E. frontalis, members

of the E. simplex group, and members of the E. montana group, even here differences are often very

marked. When even those closely related species are so

distinct, one can only wonder at the many species that

seem completely unrelated to any other.

Variations of structures that have been observed

include almost all parts of the insect. The face, except

for the prominent clypeus in the E. femorata group,

varies primarily in width. The face is always wider in

the female, but exactly how wide is apparently not related to the width in the male. The very narrow female

face in the E. ciliata group, the medium width face of

most groups, and the extra broad female face in the

E. elongata group (Figure 102) are all associated with

males having eyes contiguous below. The broad-faced

males of the E. magnicornis group (Figure 148) and

part of the E. montana group have females with faces

not unusually wide. The size of the anterior facets of

the eye is generally related to the width of the face, but

general head shape can offset this as in E. caudata with

its very low broad male head and the most enlarged

eye facets seen, and E. frontalis with a very high male

head and eye facets scarcely enlarged, both species having eyes contiguous or nearly so. The shape of the front

is also affected by head shape as in the case of E. frontalis (Figure 178) with the front relatively high compared to its width. For purposes of measurement in this

study the top limit of the front has been fixed at the

lower ocellus. It is unfortunate that the potentially

useful character of head shape is so nearly lost through

distortion in dried specimens. The antennae are relatively uniform within the genus, but a few species prove

that this structure too is subject to variation. The third

segment is usually blunt (Figure 5), but in E. acuticornis and E. frontalis it is characteristically rather

pointed (Figures 174, 180) and in E. magnicornis is

very much modified with a very short arista (Figure 149).

The thorax of the genus Enlinia is one of its characteristic parts with the flattened posterior slope of the

mesoscutum, the biseriate acrostichals, and the small

dorsocentrals. The acrostichals can vary in number

from about four to over eight pairs, but these are usually

very difficult to see and their number generally seems

to reflect the relative number of dorsocentrals. The

number of dorsocentrals while usually observable is not

always very helpful. The extremely high number seen

by Aldrich in E. magistri seems to occur only in that

species and its closest relative, E. elegans. Enlinia ornata and others with modified male wings have only

seven or eight pairs of dorsocentrals and the E. ciliata

group shows mostly eight or nine. Still, the generally

higher numbers of nine to twelve are found entirely

among those species with metallic green abdomens and

large auxiliary genitalia, although not in all such species. The other species with modified male wings seem

to have seven or sometimes eight pairs but not less.

This latter overlaps with the great majority of other

groups in the genus. One series, the E. armata group,

seems to have characteristically six pairs of dorsocentrals excluding the seta that is usually out of line and

obliquely oriented near the anterior end of the row.

Though I have consistently excluded it in the counts,

this latter seta in some other groups is so nearly in line

that it might be considered a dorsocentral. One species,

E. acuticornis, characteristically seems to have five pairs

of dorsocentrals though its close relative E. frontalis

has six to seven pairs. Elsewhere the number can be

highly variable, a situation not helped by the tendency

of the dried head to lie back and cover some of the

pairs. There is some suggestion that females in the

E. simplex group tend to have more than males of the

same species, but this awaits more certain determination of the females. The large number of dorsocentrals

in E. magistri as opposed to the characteristic six pairs

in E. armata suggests two groups standing at opposite

or near opposite ends of the genus. This opposition is

suggested in other characters as well.
NUMBER 2 5

The shape of the scutellum seems a little too subtle

for use as a key character, but the closely related E.

acuticornis and E. frontalis seem to differ consistently,

and the E. simplex and E. montana groups seem to contain mostly species with the scutellum rather distinctly

pointed and setae relatively close together in contrast

to most other groups.

Almost all parts of the legs seem subject to variation.

The forecoxa in the E. magistri group (Figures 3, 9, 12,

25, 35, 40) characteristically bears highly modified

setae, though the coxa is plain in other groups. The

femora are never greatly modified, at most the hind

femur is spurred in the male of the E. femorata group

(Figures 61, 65), but all femora may bear modified

setae. The fore- and middle femora are markedly setiferous in E. hirtipes (Figures 157, 158) and frequently

bear ventral setae as in the E. armata group (Figures

67, 73, 82, 85) or in E. seriata and its relatives in the

E. simplex group (Figures 191, 194, 195, 199, 201).

The middle femur in almost all males has at least one

erect slender ventral seta near the base, and in E. magistri, E. ciliata, and their relatives (Figures 4, 10, 14, 20,

26, 33, 36, 44, 52, 55), there is a very strong seta or a

group of stout setae ventrally near the base. Less often

the hind femur bears distinct ventral setae such as in

E. chaetophora (Figure 107), E. seticauda (Figure

139), and E. ramosa (Figure 144). The foretibia lacks

obvious distortion or modified setae except often a long

ventral seta at the tip, but the middle tibia is very

commonly modified. These tibiae in combination with

their femora often seem specialized as raptorial structures as in many members of the E. magistri group

(Figures 3, 9, 25, 35), the E. elongata group (Figures

100, 106), E. seticauda (Figure 138), E. brevipes (Figure 164), and E. ciliifemorata (Figures 194, 195). The

middle tibia in E. scutitarsis is strongly flattened and

distorted (Figure 133), and it bears many distinctive

setae in E. hirtipes (Figure 158). In E. scutitarsis, E.

fasciata, and E. setosa (Figure 69) there is a short but

distinct crest of setae anteriorly. Rather erect or even

stout setae are present on the middle tibiae in many

species including E. media (Figure 126) of the E. montana group, E. brevipes (Figure 165) of the E. ventralis group, and E. scabrida and others (Figures 195,

211) of the E. simplex group. In species of the E. armata and E. flavicornis groups as well as in E. scutitarsis, E. seticauda, and E. ramosa (Figures 133, 143)

the middle tibiae bear a large posterodorsal bristle, but

most species show little or no distinct dorsal. The hind

tibiae of E. ornata, and the E. armata, E. elongata, E.

flavicornis, and E. tibialis groups (Figures 72, 91) bear

many distinct dorsal bristles, but in most other species

the dorsals are small with one apical seta sometimes

rather large. The ventral surface in E. setosa (Figure

72) bears extremely long setae in the male, and rather

long ventral setae occur in E. fasciata and E. scutitarsis. The foretarsus is modified in every male of the

genus. The basic pattern consists of the first and second

segments being compressed and the third often

flattened and bearing one or two stouter setae of various lengths. In the E. magistri group (Figures 3, 9, 13,

19, 25, 27, 32, 35, 40) the foretarsi are usually extremely ornate with the fourth segment often modified.

Apparent clasping structures are formed in some species such as E. elongata (Figure 99), E. chaetophora

(Figure 105), E. halteralis (Figure 109), E. latifacies

(Figure 117), E. maxima (Figure 128), E. fimbriata

(Figure 153), and E. brevipes (Figure 164). The middle tarsus seems unmodified, but the hind tarsus in E.

hirtitarsis (Figure 76) and E. halteralis (Figure 110)

is slightly bent with a few longer setae, and in E. scutitarsis (Figure 134), the basal segment is highly modified and bearing a fringe of very long setae.

The wings are the most notably modified structures

in the genus. The basic pattern of the third and fourth

veins relatively straight and diverging from the base,

however, is characteristic of all females and most males.

The modified wings are found only in the males of

the E. magistri, E. ciliata, and E. marginata groups,

and in E. saxicola of the eastern United States. The

wing in the male of the latter species is modified only

slightly, having a narrowed base. The E. marginata

(Figure 46) and E. magistri (Figures 1, 7, 16, 23, 29,

30, 38) groups have a brown streak of pigment and a

prominent fringe of long hairs along the anal margin,

while many in the E. magistri group have uneven hind

margins and distorted veins. In E. magistri and E. elegans (Figure 1) there are clusters of long hairs on the

wing surface, and E. sordida, E. maculata, E. obovata,

and E. ornata (Figures 7, 29, 30) have distinct spots

of pigment or brown pubescence on the wings. The

wings of E. lobata (Figure 23) have more diffuse

brownish spots. The wing modification in E. convergens (Figure 54) of the E. ciliata group seems particularly strange. It belongs in a group with two species

having unmodified wings. The pattern of the wing
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

with its converging third and fourth veins gives the

species a resemblance to many other genera of

Dolichopodidae.

The abdomen in most species of the genus is brownish or otherwise dark, and obscured by blackish pollen.

Violet or other slight metallic reflections may be

present. In the E. ciliata group and E. magistri, E. elegans, and to some extent E. ornata of the E. magistri

group, the abdomen is metallic dark green. Other

distinctions of the abdomen involve the genitalia and

one of the peculiarities of Enlinia, the auxiliary genitalia on the abdominal sternites. Such extensively modified sternites are rare in the family but have been noted

in the recently described genus Conchopus Takagi

(1965) of the central and western Pacific shores, and

somewhat in the genus Peloropeod.es Wheeler. The

third sternite may be armed near the base, near the

hind margin, or in both places, and may bear a small

projection or a large stout curving spine. The fourth

sternite may bear a small central projection that may

fork distally, or there may be two widely separated

lobes projecting from the hind margin. The most highly

developed projections are found in the E. ciliata (Figures 51, 53, 56) and E. magistri (Figures 6, 11) groups

with smaller projections in some of the E. magistri

(Figures 15, 18, 22, 28, 34, 37, 42) group and in the

E. marginata (Figure 45), E. ventralis (Figures 161,

167), and E. hirtipes (Figures 152, 155, 159) groups.

Many of these projections seem arranged so as to interact or even interlock with the hypopygial appendages. The fifth sternite may be reduced or essentially

lacking, but in the E. acuticornis group (Figures 172,

179) it is distinct with many short hairs, and in the E.

ventralis group (Figures 161, 167) it has along central

seta. The other groups have unarmed sternites or only

somewhat stouter or longer hairs on the fourth. In E.

ftavicornis (Figure 88) the lateral margins of the fifth

tergite are pale and pointed.

The hypopygium is usually small, being the smallest

in E. nigricans (Figure 170) where it is half as long as

the vertical thickness of the abdomen. In contrast the

largest hypopygium is that of E. maxima (Figure 129),

which is globular and not at all immersed in the preabdomen. The hypopygial lamellae vary greatly in size,

usually being triangular or elliptical, but in one species, E. ramosa (Figure 141), they are greatly divided

into many slender long-fringed branches.

Determination of Females

The basic subdivision between the ornate versus relatively inornate males that is used in the key is, I believe, a natural division within the genus, but is,

unfortunately, not reflected in the females. The extreme elements within these natural groups are evident by the eight to twelve pairs of dorsocentral setae

and green color of the abdomen found only in the

groups with relatively ornate males, and by the five or

six pairs of dorsocentrals found only in the groups with

rather inornate males. Still, the majority in both major

parts of the genus show the same basic characters in the

female, and I have not yet been able to determine to

which species or even group of species many isolated

females belong. Many and perhaps all female Enlinia

do have distinguishing characters, however. The members of the E. ciliata group with their narrow female

faces and their black legs but white basitarsi are always distinct, and E. ciliata has two tarsal segments

white while E. albipes has only one, a distinction carried over into the female. The E. armata group is particularly notable for the ventral setae on the forefemora

that occur in both sexes. In fact, all the species with

many bristles on the hind tibia seem unusually easy to

determine in the female, E. tibialis with its greater

number of anterodorsals on the hind tibia, E. ornata

with its black legs, E. flavicornis with its yellowish antennae and special arrangement of bristles on the hind

tibia, E. elongata with its unusually broad female face,

and members of the E. armata group itself with differences in the halter color and wing shape. Enlinia seticauda, E. ramosa, and E. scutitarsis, the species with a

strong dorsal bristle on only the middle tibia, are also

rather distinctive in the female. A few individual species are distinctive, E. acuticornis with its somewhat

pointed antennae and five pairs of dorsocentrals, E.

frontalis with its high front and long face, and E. elegans with its ten or twelve dorsocentrals and specially

bent second wing vein. In the latter, the second vein

distinguishes it from even its closest relative, E. magistri, of the northeastern United States.

Throughout, the prevailing fact remains that most

species have wing differences, however subtle, by which

the females can be identified. The wings of the E. montana and E. elongata groups seem to be quite distinct

in their length of 1.45-1.8 mm, and furthermore each

of these groups is distinct in the texture of the wing,

that of the former group more finely granular and

translucent, the latter more clear and coarsely granular.
NUMBER 25

The two groups are also easily distinguished by the

form of the second vein. The wing of E. fimbriata (Figure 151) is thoroughly distinctive without being greatly

modified. The E. simplex group has a second vein that

curves inward to a point nearly halfway between the

costa and the third vein, this being in contrast to such

species as E. nigricans and members of the E. hirtipes

group. The various females in the E. magistri group

show slight differences in curvature of the second vein

and placement of the crossvein. Some very subtle differences, such as the sharply rounded wing tip of E.

distincta compared to E. armata and the broadly

rounded tip of E. latipennis compared to other members of the E. simplex group, are difficult to use without material for comparison.

To identify isolated females, for the present, the best

way is to use the general key using both parts wherever

characters for females are not given. Most of the distinctive features mentioned above appear in the key

where applicable and by reference to the illustrations

given of wings many of the subtle differences may be

recognized.

Distribution

The genus Enlinia occurs in North America as far north

as Canada in the East and California in the West.

Southward it occurs with many species in Mexico and

I have seen five species from Panama. Seven species

have been seen from the Lesser Antilles. The genus certainly must occur in South America and probably with

a great number of species. The material placed in

Achalcus by Van Duzee (1930) might represent the

genus as far south as Chile. For the present, however,

no South American records are known.

It seems doubtful that the genus ranges into the

Eastern Hemisphere. In South America, the lack of

records is not a basis for such belief, but it must be

frankly admitted that over the years Europeans have

proved to be better collectors of this kind of insect than

Americans, and all the early collections in America

were made by Europeans—H. H. Smith in St. Vincent

and Grenada, and Collins and Enderlein in New York.

If the genus occurred in Europe it seems certain it

would have been collected. I doubt the genus occurs

in Asia primarily because there is no barrier from Asia

that would have prevented its spread into Europe.

Individual groups of Enlinia show somewhat distinctive distributions. The E. ciliata group is represented in

both the eastern United States and in Mexico with the

single species E. ciliata occurring throughout its range.

This is, as far as known, the only such widely ranging

species in the genus. The species pair, E. magistri and

E. elegans, show a combined range similar to E. ciliata.

Other species of the E. magistri group related to the

Mexican E. maculata and E. anomalipennis occur in

the Lesser Antilles as well. The E. saxicola of the northeastern United States is not in the E. magistri group

itself but is among those with a slightly modified male

wing and a distinct group of setae on the bases of the

middle femora. As such it might be related to E. marginata of Mexico though its wing lacks the brown

fringed hind margin. As indicated, all species in the

eastern United States belong in the first major subdivision of Enlinia. The single species presently known

from the western United States, in contrast, is a member of the otherwise Mexican, E. simplex group, and is

very closely related to E. seriata of Oaxaca, differing

only in minute details of the foretarsus and genitalia.

The western species is not yet described. Most other

groups delimited in this treatment are presently known

only from Mexico, but there are two additional groups

represented in Dominica in the West Indies, one with

a projection on the third sternite similar to but not the

same as those of the E. hirtipes group, and one with

bristles on the hind tibiae similar to the E. elongata

group.

Two cases have been noted of closely related species

within Mexico that seem to displace each other in different parts of the country. In Chiapas, E. distincta

sometimes occurs with but tends to replace the widely

distributed E. armata. Eastward from central Oaxaca

where E. plumicauda and E. lobata occur together, the

former seems to replace the latter.

Ecology

Enlinia is a genus of primarily hovering insects that

stay close to the surface of rocks, trees, or soil. They

occasionally alight, but usually they follow a fast meandering course frequently returning to particular points

of interest.

The most notable first impression regarding Enlinia,

especially in Mexico, is the ubiquity of the species, with

as many as twelve species occurring in a small area the

size of a large room. Wherever water is found, there is

likely to be at least one species and usually more of

Enlinia. Even in one of the driest parts of Oaxaca at
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

the margin of a stagnant pool backed up by a highway

culvert, two species, E. interrupta and E. elegans, were

collected. This is in complete contrast to at least one

other Mexican genus, Microcyrtura, which always is

restricted to a single specialized habitat—rather dry

rock surfaces by streams in moist ravines—and which

never seems to have more than one species in any one

locality. In Enlinia, even the most closely related species

may have ranges that overlap, and they may occur together at the same locality. For the most part the

profusion of species in restricted areas seems related to

different habitat requirements that have been observed

in many of the species. Males and females share the

same habitats, and they seem to show none of the

slightly different preferences that seem to occur in the

genus Harmstonia (Robinson, 1967).

One of the most readily observed ecological factors

regarding Enlinia is substrate. One group, E. ciliata

and its relatives, occurs over soil and wet sand in contrast to others that occur over rock or leaves and tree

trunks. This habitat difference may be the basis of the

wide distribution of E. ciliata, the habitat being widely

available in all areas between the eastern United States

and southern Mexico. This difference in substrate preference is very marked and apparently involves some

very different basic physiology that is restricted to this

small group of related species.

The use of plant material as substrate is not so

marked. In eastern Tennessee, E. saxicola, which is

characteristically on rock, has been collected hovering

over Rhododendron leaves. In southern Veracruz, E.

obovata was collected only over leaves well above the

ground, but it was with a related species, E. crinita, that

is commonly found on rocks. In Dominica in the West

Indies, the species that is possibly related to E. hirtipes

is widespread in forested areas meandering up and

down over the surface of tree trunks, but also is common on the relatively dry surface of a cement cistern.

Limestone is not a normal constituent in Dominica,

and it seems significant that a tree trunk species would

readily go over to it. The same phenomenon was noticed in a number of other arboreal Dolichopodidae

including a Sciapus and some Medeterinae. In Mexico

most of the species were found on limestone but any

definite restrictions to this substrate are not certain.

Also, no careful inspection for Enlinia on tree trunks

was made in Mexico. Other species of Enlinia in Dominica occurred on other kinds of rock and in some

cases on both volcanic rock and cement. These always

occurred on wetter surfaces.

Among the species on rock, light and moisture seem

rather important. Regarding light, I have observed in

general that the many species in the E. magistri group

seem to prefer direct sunlight while many others such

as E. scutitarsis, E. armata, E. hirtipes, and members

of the E. simplex group prefer partial to complete

shade. As shadows shift often so will the species.

Moisture preferences have been studied on two separate occasions. In one case in Mexico a rock surface

of less than two square feet with gradation of moisture

was examined for preferences of the five species present. On the most prominent parts that were nearly dry

occurred E. armata, the moist parts contained E.

scutitarsis, and the lower wet parts had E. hirtipes. To

one side where water ran over one end of the rock,

E. unisetosa and E. scabrida were on and around

Podostemum growing in the water. It might be noted

that E. unisetosa and E. scabrida which occurred in

essentially indistinguishable habitats are also the most

closely related to each other, both being members of

the E. simplex group. Also, wherever observed, members of the E. armata group all seemed to prefer the

relatively dry habitats, the driest in which Enlinia

species occur. In Dominica three species in the E.

magistri group occur in slightly distinctive habitats,

the first on wet surfaces, the second on surfaces rather

constantly splashed by water, and the third on surfaces

constantly washed with surging water. The third of

the species is the most interesting, seeming to stay

always within one or two inches of the water surface

though the surface may fluctuate many inches each

second. This last is a habitat in which one could

hardly imagine finding a minute flying insect, yet it

occurs there in great numbers dodging the waves and

droplets of water. The species seems, if anything, to increase its activities during heavy rain storms which,

of course, at their worst only approximate the normal

habitat of the species.

It might be generally noted that two things affecting most Dolichopodidae, rain and season, seem to

have little or no effect on Enlinia. I have frequently

wondered what becomes of the thousands of dolichopodids on a mud flat when a large cloud comes or a

storm begins; they almost all disappear somewhere.

Except for the species liking direct sunlight, members

of the genus Enlinia are relatively undisturbed. Cer-
NUMBER 2 5

tainly a heavy storm would be expected to drive the

drier surface species to shelter. In the eastern United

States where the primary dolichopodid season is April

to June, Enlinia is common from May to September

and it avoids only really cold weather. In Mexico while

other species are obviously seasonal I have collected

many species of Enlinia both in May and December.

In Dominica where the Dolichopodidae almost completely disappear in late March, Enlinia continues

business as usual. There may be seasonal fluctuations

in Enlinia populations in the tropics, but I have no

evidence of them, and they are certainly less pronounced than in other Dolichopodidae.

A final factor of interest is elevation. In the Rio

Valle Nacional area of Oaxaca in Mexico, collections

have been made along a road from an area of low elevation to the crest of the Sierra Juarez. At the lower

levels of about 300 meters the E. magistri group and

species such as E. hirtipes, E. seticauda, E. scutitarsis,

E. unisetosa, and E. scabrida (the latter two of the E.

simplex group) were common. At higher levels of

about 1500 meters the E. magistri group seemed to

drop out and the other mentioned species were replaced by E. latipennis and E. exigua of the E. simplex

group, and E. magnicornis, E. elongata, and E. frontalis. Some species such as E. ciliifemorata of the E.

simplex group occur in both regions. At still higher

elevations of about 2500 meters in the Cerro San Felipe

north of the city of Oaxaca, a completely distinctive

group of Enlinia takes over represented by five species

including E. montana and its relatives. Elsewhere attempts to find Enlinia at such high elevations have

failed, but this may be due to failure to find adequately watered habitats.

Sexual Behavior

Whatever the basis for the different environmental

preferences of the Enlinia species, these preferences

are undoubtedly important in bringing males and females of a species together. Similarly, it might be assumed that the great amount of ornamentation of the

males has a sexual function, somehow allowing the females to recognize them. One thing seems certain from

observations, once within his own habitat the male is

not particularly discriminating. I saw one male attempting to copulate with a female Peloropeodes, an

348-745 O—69 2

insect of considerably larger size. Another male was

observed trying to copulate with a small £n/m»a-sized

black spot on a concrete wall.

The specialized genital structures have not been observed in action; however, it is difficult to see how they

could have any but a primarily tactile function. In the

case of such species as E. magistri, E. elegans, and E.

ornata, the large sternal armatures must have a definite effect on the copulation since they would interfere with normal mounting of the male upon the back

of the female. The many types of clasping structures

in the male, in the foretarsus, between the hypopygium

and the auxiliary genital structures on the abdominal

sternites, and the frequently raptorial fore- and middle

legs, may have a function in copulation. The specialized setae along the ventral surfaces of the male femora

and tibiae are in a position to come in contact with

the female during copulation and may have a tactile

function.

Genus Enlinia Aldrich

Enlinia Aldrich, 1933, p. 168 [new name for Collinellula

Aldrich].

Collinellula Aldrich, 1932, p. 4 [preoccupied Collinellula

Strand, 1928, p. 49]; type-species Collinellula magistri

Aldrich, original designation.

Small, 0.8-1.5 mm long, metallic green to blackish

with mostly dark bristles. Face narrowed below with

eyes approximated to contiguous above the mouth in

the male, female face without setae; palpus small,

dark; proboscis usually dark, pseudotracheae of the

labellae rudimentary, 12, with small irregular thickenings; antenna with all segments usually short, segment

1 bare above, segment 2 truncate or slightly rounded

apically, arista apical; lower postocular setae uniseriate,

small, dark. Mesoscutum with posterior slope distinctly

flattened; acrostichals biseriate, small; dorsocentrals

with anterior pairs not larger than acrostichals; 2 scutellars, a small hair on the lateral scutellar margin.

Femora without true preapical bristles; male foretarsus

modified. Wing with longitudinal veins in females and

in most males straight to slightly curved, all, including

veins 3 and 4 diverging for most of length, wings of

some males with characteristic distorted margin and

venation; crossvein half as long to about as long as last

part of vein 5; vein 6 represented by very slight fold.

Calypter pale with dark margin and some dark setae.
8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

Abdomen usually about as long as thorax, in some males

the sternites bear auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

usually rather small, sessile to partly immersed.

The genus, including species in the present treatment, contains 56 species.

For a key to the three species known from the eastern

United States see Robinson (1964). For discussions of

the relationships of these species see the treatments of

the following Mexican species: E. elegans (for E.

magistri), E. marginata (for E. saxicola), and E. ciliata. For a comparison with the West Indian E. sordida,

see E. maculata and E. obovata. For notes on various

described or undescribed non-Mexican species see discussion of distribution.

Key to the Mexican Species of Enlinia

1. Middle femur of male with a group of many long stout black ventral bristles or 1 very long

sinuous bristle near base (Figures 4, 10, 14); dorsocentrals always 7 or more pairs; abdomen

often metallic green or wings with modified venation (Figures 1, 7, 54) 2

Middle femur of male without or with 1 or 2 slender setae near base, sometimes with other

setae along ventral margin (Figures 133, 143, 147); dorsocentrals 5-7 pairs; abdomen always

blackish; wings of males and females essentially alike (Figures 97, 98, 197, 198) ... . 14

2. Legs blackish with basitarsi white; anal margin of male wing without marginal brown streak

or unusually long fringe of hairs (Figures 54, 57); face of female very narrow below .. . 3

Legs including basitarsi black or brown; anal margin of male wing with brown streak of pigment and fringe of long sometimes sinuous hairs (Figures 1, 7, 41, 46); face of female below

as wide as antennal segment 1 5

3. Veins 3 and 4 convergent distally (Figure 54) E. convergens

Veins 3 and 4 divergent from base to tips (Figure 57) 4

4. Basal 2 segments of tarsi white; male middle femur with 5 or more long setae at base; hypopygium with long setaceous appendage (Figure 50) E. ciliata

Only basal segment of tarsi white; male middle femur with usually 3 setae at base; hypopygium

without long setaceous appendage (Figure 56) E. albipes

5. Forecoxa without long erect black seta on inner anterior surface, pubescence plain; hind

margin of wing evenly rounded beyond the base (Figure 46) E. marginata

Forecoxa of male with long erect black seta on inner anterior surface, sometimes with other

modified setae (Figures 3, 9, 35, 40); hind margin of male wing flattened, sinuous, or lobed

(Figures 29, 30, 38) 6

6. Dorsocentrals 9-12 pairs; abdomen metallic green; male wing with prominent clusters of hair

on surface, vein 2 very sinuous and closely approaching costa near base (Figure 1) . E. elegans

Dorsocentrals 7 or 8 pairs; abdomen mostly brownish or obscured by blackish pollen; male

wing without distinct clusters of hair on surface, vein 2 not strongly arched against costa

near base 7

7. Hind tibia with numerous distinct dorsal bristles; male wing with pigment spot along last

part of vein 3 (Figure 7) E. ornata

Hind tibia with few indistinct dorsal setae; male wing with spots of pigment not near vein

3 or lacking 8

8. Wing of male with vein 3 bending backward at tip, converging with vein 4 9

Wing of male with vein 3 nearly straight, diverging from vein 4 11

9. Wing of male with vein 3 very close to vein 2 and widely se ^arated from vein 4, wing of female

with vein 2 bending slightly but distinctly forward at tip (Figure 17) . . . E. anomalipennis

Wing of male with vein 3 nearly halfway between veins 2 and 4, female vein 2 essentially

straight at tip 10

10. Anal margin of wing straight (Figure 23); hypopygium without long plumose appendage

(Figure 22) E. lobata

Anal margin of wing slightly curved (Figure 21); hypopygium with pair of long plumose

appendages (Figure 18) E. plumicauda

11. Wing vein 2 curving slightly but distinctly forward at tip, male wing without pigment spots

and having bases of veins 4 and 5 not parallel with anal margin 12

Wing vein 2 essentially straight at tip, male wing with pigment spot near vein 4, bases of veins

4 and 5 nearly parallel with anal margin 13

12. Hind margin of male wing with a row of long straight setae limited sharply to basal two-thirds

(Figure 41) E. interrupta

Hind margin of male wing with continuous fringe of slender hairs of varying length (Figure 38).

E. crinita
NUMBER 25

13. Margin of male wing notched at tips of veins 4 and 5 (Figure 30) E. obovata

Margin of male wing not or scarcely notched at tips of veins 4 or 5 (Figure 29) . E. metadata

14. Clypeus bulging forward between eyes in both sexes; male with prominent spur on anteroventral margin of hind femur near tip (Figures 61, 65) 15

Clypeus not bulging forward, often obliterated by contiguous eyes in male; hind femur without ventral spur 16

15. Hypopygial appendage straight with a few long setae apically (Figure 59) ... . E./emorata

Hypopygial appendage curved with distinct crest of setae on one side (Figure 64) . E. cristata

16. Hind tibia with 5 or more small but distinct dorsal bristles 17

Hind tibia with dorsal setae few or hairlike 26

17. Hind tibia with 4 or 5 anterodorsal bristles, fewer posterodorsal bristles (Figure 91). E. tibialis

Hind tibia with more posterodorsal than anterodorsal bristles 18

18. Wings 1.5-1.7 mm long, crossvein as long as last part of vein 5 (Figures 97, 98); female face

as wide as antennal segment 3 (Figure 102) 19

Wings 1.3 mm or less long, crossvein usually distinctly shorter than last part of vein 5; female

face only as wide as antennal segment 1 20

19. Male hind femur with distinct stout black setae along ventral margin (Figure 107); segment 3

of foretarsus with only short black spicule posteriorly (Figure 105) E. chaetophora

Male hind femur with only a few small black ventral setae in basal half; segment 3 of foretarsus with a long stout black seta posteriorly (Figure 99) E. elongata

20. Antennae yellow, brownish yellow in female; forefemur without a row of distinct ventral

setae E. fiavicornis

Antennae brown or black; forefemur with a row of distinct black anteroventral setae in both

sexes 21

21. Hind tibia with somewhat to greatly longer setae ventrally; anteroventrals of forefemur about

as long as width of tibia (Figures 67, 73); male middle tibia with a distinct crest of ventral

setae near tip (Figure 69) 22

Hind tibia with only short setae below; anteroventrals of forefemur distinctly shorter than

width of tibia (Figures 82, 85) male without ventral crest on middle tibia 23

22. Male abdomen with two basal segments yellow; middle tibia with a few long slender dorsals

on distal half, hind tibia with ventrals scarcely longer than tibial width; female with hind

leg brown except trochanter, knee, and basitarsus E.fasciata

Male abdomen wholly blackish; middle tibia with distinct dorsals distally, hind tibia with

series of very long ventrals (Figure 72); female with hind leg nearly uniformly dark yellowish E. setosa

23. Halter brownish 24

Knob of halter yellow 25

24. Male hind tarsus plain E./usca

Male hind tarsus curved and bearing long hairs (Figure 76) E. hirtitarsis

25. Male foretarsus with basal segments much enlarged, 2 long setae posteriorly on segment 2,

segment 3 bearing long sinuous thorn (Figure 84); hind tarsus distorted with segments 2

and especially 3 slightly thickened (Figure 83); vein 3 ending almost in point of wing

(Figure 87) E. distincta

Male foretarsus rather slender with only short or indistinct setae, segment 3 small; hind tarsus

not distorted, without swollen segments; vein 3 ending distinctly before extremity of wing

(Figure 81) E. armata

26. Halter yellow E. halteralis

Knob of halter brown or black 27

27. Wings 1.45-1.8 mm long; species occurring at high elevations 28

Wings 0.9-1.3 mm long; species from elevations of 5000 ft or less 32

28. Segment 3 of male foretarsus rather small, cylindrical, bearing only a minute spicule (Figures

112, 119) 29

Segment 3 of male foretarsus much enlarged or flattened, usually bearing a prominent spicule

(Figures 117, 125, 128) 30

29. Face of male broad, eyes widely separated; 5th segments of all tarsi much enlarged (Figure

112) E. montana

Face of male very narrow below, eyes nearly contiguous (Figure 118); 5th segments of middle

and hind tarsi only moderately enlarged E. angustifacies
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

30. Hypopygium large, globular with large spreading antler-like lamellae (Figure 129); abdominal

sternites bearing very long setae E. maxima

Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, with oblong or triangular setiferous lamellae;

abdominal sternites without long setae 31

31. Eyes of male separated and face distinct to mouth in both sexes; middle tibia plain; abdominal

sternite 4 with pair of short distinct setae on hind margin (Figure 116) . . . . E. latifacies

Eyes of male essentially contiguous above mouth; middle tibia bristly with stiff erect hairs;

abdominal sternite 4 without distinctive setae (Figure 123) E. media

32. Male with basal segment of hind tarsus broad, flat, and bearing a comb of long setae (Figure

134); middle femur with pair of large ventral setae at base (Figure 133). . . . E. sculitarsis

Male with hind basitarsus plain; middle femur with only single slender seta at base 33

33. Middle tibia with distinct posterodorsal near basal third that is distinctly longer than width of

tibia (Figure 143); male hind femur with 1 or 2 black ventral bristles at base (Figures 139,

144) 34

Middle tibia with posterodorsal short and hairlike or lacking 35

34. Hypopygial lamellae long and much branched, with many slender curving marginal hairs

(Figure 141) E. ramosa

Hypopygial lamellae short, rectangular, with two long black apical setae (Figure 137) . . . .

E. seticauda

35. Face of male distinct to mouth, eyes separated (Figure 148); antenna much enlarged, especially

segment 3, arista only as long as the 3 segments together (Figure 149). . . . E. magnicornis

Eyes of male contiguous above the mouth or nearly so; antennal segments not much enlarged,

arista many times as long as combined segments 36

36. Abdominal sternite 3 of male with long slender projection from middle of hind margin (Figures

152, 155, 159) 37

Abdominal sternite 3 without projections 39

37. Fore- and middle femora and middle tibia of male with many long setae (Figures 157, 158) . .

E. hirtipes

Legs without numerous long setae 38

38. Hypopygial lamellae long with many long setae along outer margin (Figure 152) . E. fimbriata

Hypopygial lamellae small with only a few slender setae (Figure 155) E. clavulifera

39. Abdominal sternites 4 and 5 of male each bearing a long slender erect seta (Figures 161, 167). 40

Abdominal sternites 4 and 5 with only short or indistinct setae 41

40. Male fore tarsus with segments 1 and 2 nearly equal in size (Figure 164); middle tibia with

distinct erect ventral setae near tip (Figure 165); hypopygial lamellae not narrower in basal

half (Figure 167) E. brevipes

Male fore tarsus with segment 1 much longer than segment 2 (Figure 163); middle tibia plain;

hypopygial lamellae narrower in basal half (Figure 161) E. ventralis

41. Antennal segment 3 rather pointed (Figure 174); male with abdominal sternite 5 present and

bearing many short hairs (Figures 172, 179) 42

Antennal segment 3 blunt; male without evident 5th abdominal sternite 43

42. Legs brownish yellow; 5 pairs of dorsocentral bristles; front more than twice as wide as high

(Figure 173) E. acuticomis

Legs black; 6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentral bristles; front less than twice as wide as high (Figure

178) E.frmtalis

43. Hypopygial lamellae and long apical setae together longer than preabdomen (Figure

182) E.caudata

Hypopygial lamellae short 44

44. Crossvein not as long as its distance from the point where it would, if extended, intersect the

hind margin of the wing, vein 2 scarcely curving forward at tip (Figures 169, 185). . . . 45

Crossvein as long as or longer than its distance from the point where it would intersect the

hind margin, vein 2 distinctly curving forward at tip (Figures 197, 198, 200, 204) .. . 46

45. Legs yellowish; hypopygial lamellae crescent-shaped with a row of long setae along convex

margin (Figures 187, 188); hypopygial capsule almost as long as vertical thickness of

abdomen E. lamellata

Legs brown or black; hypopygial lamellae straight and slender, with longer setae near tip

(Figure 170); hypopygial capsule very small, only half as long as vertical thickness

of abdomen E. nigricans
NUMBER 25 11

46. Male middle femur with a series of long erect setae along anteroventral surface (Figures 191,

195, 201) 47

Male middle femur without or with only one long erect seta anteroventrally 49

47. Legs black; scutellar setae nearer middle than sides; male middle tibia without distinct short

erect setae ventrally near tip; hypopygial lamellae black, triangular (Figure 202) . . E. exigua

Legs brownish with pale trochanters; scutellar setae as near sides as middle; male middle tibia

with distinct short erect setae ventrally near tip; hypopygial lamellae brownish, slender

(Figures 193, 196) 48

48. Hypopygial lamellae bent backward in the middle, with only 3 distinct setae which are all

apical (Figures 192, 193) E. seriata

Hypopygial lamellae straight, with many setae on apex and lateral margins (Figure 196) . .

E. ciliifemorata

49. Hypopygial lamellae triangular or rather truncate (Figures 215,219) 50

Hypopygial lamellae elliptical (Figures 205, 209, 213) 51

50. Hypopygial lamellae triangular (Figure 215); segment 3 of male foretarsus without tuft ef

setae anteriorly, with lobe posteriorly (Figure 216) E. unisetosa

Hypopygial lamellae rather truncate apically (Figure 219); segment 3 of male foretarsus with

tuft of setae anteriorly, without lobe posteriorly (Figure 218) E. simplex

51. Mal e middle tibia with short stout erect black setae along ventral surface (Figure 211) . . .

E. scabrida

Male middle tibia without short stout erect black setae ventrally 52

52. Wing apex rather sharply rounded (Figure 212); hypopygial lamellae rather large, half as long

as hypopygial capsule (Figure 213); segment 1 of male foretarsus with a stout apical thorn

(Figure 214); distinct pair of short setae on 4th abdominal sternite E. brachychaeta

Wing apex rather broadly rounded (Figure 204); hypopygial lamellae about one-third as

long as the capsule (Figure 205); segment 1 of male foretarsus without evident apical thorn

(Figure 203); 4th abdominal sternite without distinct pair of setae E. latipennis

The Mexican species of the genus can be divided

into the following 20 rather distinct groups. The first

three groups show distinctive clustered or sinuous setae

on the base of the middle femur and have in most cases

a modified wing in the male. The remaining groups

include species with a less ornate middle femur and

an unmodified male wing. These characters seem to

reflect a basic subdivision in the genus.

I. Enlinia tnagistri Group (Typical)

The group is distinguished by the sinuous and longfringed hind margin of the male wing and the specialized setae on the male forecoxa. In the group are those

species with the most pairs of dorsocentrals (up to 12),

and males with the most ornate foretarsus and abdominal sternites.

Enlinia elegans, new species

FIGURES 1-6

MALE.—Length 1.3 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.6 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with only slight

pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior

facets much enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna (Figure 5) black, segment 3 blunt, arista near

twice as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green with slight pollen, pollen

yellowish above, whitish on pleura; setae dark with pale

reflections; 8-10 pairs of acrostichals, 10-12 pairs of

dorsocentrals; scutellum with hind margin evenly

curved, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brownish with coxae and hind femur somewhat

metallic dark green; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa (Figure 3) with strong seta on inner anterior surface, a

tuft of small setae on side; forefemur (Figure 3) rather

broad, with stout erect seta below near base, row of

short setae along anteroventral edge, those toward tip

rather stout; middle femur (Figure 4) rather thick,

lower margin somewhat angular near base, long stout

seta borne at angle followed by 2 or 3 progressively

shorter setae, 1 long slender arching seta on dorsal

margin near base; hind femur rather broad with about

3 long slender setae along median part of anteroventral

margin; tibiae thicker toward tips, foretibia gradually

widened, others wide from near base; middle tibia with

numerous crowded erect hairs ventrally; hind tibia with

slightly longer dorsal seta near base and tip. Foretarsus

(Figure 3) highly modified, segments 2, 3, and 4 each

bearing ventral seta, those of 3 and 4 strongly curved,
12 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

segment 3 reduced to thin plate; lengths of segments

of middle tarsus from base as 7-3-3-2-3; hind tarsus

as 11-8-6-4-3.

Wing (Figure 1) generally oval, with middle of hind

margin produced as broad truncate lobe, clear with

brown veins; vein 2 very sinuous, curving forward before middle and again near tip, running backward beside costa rather far at tip; vein 3 arching slightly

forward toward middle; vein 4 arching forward and

backward similar to vein 2 but more accentuated, median backward bend at juncture of posterior crossvein;

clusters of setae on lower wing surface just anterior to

and posterior to last large bend of vein 4, hairs of anterior cluster longer and more numerous; vein 5 ending before wing margin, last part about as long as the

rather oblique crossvein; vein 6 fused with straight anal

margin, which is slightly brownish and contains spurious veinlike streak; setae of hind margin forming long

fringe. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 6) slightly longer than thorax,

stout, cylindrical but curving downward, metallic

green, setae dark; a long stout curved horn on middle

of sternite 3, slender forked appendage on sternite 4.

Hypopygium brownish, large, capping tip of preabdomen, projecting forward below, bearing a pair of

small brown lamellae with short pale hairs; inner

appendages thin, translucent, brownish.

FEMALE.—Very plain compared to male. Face about

as wide below as antennal segment 1, anterior eye facets not much enlarged. Forecoxa and tarsus plain; femora without long setae; middle tibia not much

flattened, without dense pubescence. Wing (Figure 2)

rather oval, with gradually and evenly rounded hind

margin; vein 2 arching slightly forward before the

middle in position similar to that of first bend in male

wing, straight and nearly parallel to vein 3 distally;

veins 3 and 4 nearly straight and diverging from near

base; vein 5 reaching margin, last part slightly longer

than the perpendicular crossvein; slight fold representing vein 6 well in from anal margin. Abdomen slightly

flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

from margin of shaded stagnant pool under culvert,

ravine near 660 km marker, Rt. 190, 9 August 1962,

H. Robinson (USNM 70281). Allotype 9 from Oaxaca, around rocks in shallow, partially shaded stream,

near 220 km marker, Rt. 185, 9 August 1962. Paratypes: same data as allotype, 11 $ and 3 9 ; Valle

Nacional, 12 May 1963, 4 9 ; Chiapas: near junction

of Rts. 190 and 200, 21 May 1963, 7, $ ; over crest of

sierra above Arriaga, 22 May 1963, 1 9 ; Ixtapan, on

moist limestone at roadside above river, 23 May 1963,

3 $ ; Rio Lajas, 23 May 1963, 3 9 ; all collected by

H. Robinson.

NOTE.—Enlinia elegans is obviously very closely related to E. magistri (Aldrich) of the eastern United

States. The two species share many distinctive characters including the large number of acrostichal and

dorsocentral setae, the very large auxiliary genitalia,

and the clusters of hairs on the wing. The new species

is distinct in both sexes by the bend of the second wing

vein.

Enlinia ornata, new species

FIGURES 7-11

MALE.—Length 1.3 mm; wing 1.3 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with only slight

pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets

greatly enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna

black, segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green with slight yellowish

pollen, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae dark with

pale reflections; about 7 pairs of acrostichals, about 8

pairs of dorsocentrals; scutellum hind margin evenly

rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brown; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa (Figure

9) with strong seta on inner anterior surface, a tuft of

small setae on side; forefemur (Figure 9) rather broad,

a rather long erect seta ventrally near base followed by

ten or more short erect setae; middle femur (Figure

10) rather broad, lower margin somewhat angular

near base, a long stout sinuous bristle borne on tubercle

at basal angle followed by 3 or 4 progressively shorter

setae on smaller tubercles, a stout but short erect seta

on dorsal margin near base; hind femur rather broad

with a longer seta anteroventrally toward tip; foretibia

(Figure 9) slightly thickened toward tip with distinct

apical seta ventrally; middle tibia broad and flattened

with many short crowded hairs below, a rather large

dorsal seta near the middle; hind tibia rather thick

from near base, small but distinct anterodorsal near

basal one-third, 4 quite distinct posterodorsals along

distal one-half. Foretarsus (Figure 9) distorted, segments 1 and 2 somewhat compressed, segment 2 with

two short hooked setae dorsally and a slender retrorse

lobe ventrally?, segment 3 inserted near dorsal edge of

second with a stout dorsal seta, segments 4 and 5
NUMBER 25 13

slighty flattened; lengths of segments of middle tarsus

from base as 8-3-3-2-3; hind tarsus as 7-9-6-4-3.

Wing (Figure 7) narrowly oval with nearly straight

anal margin and a slight lobe in hind margin by tip of

vein 5, clear with brown veins; vein 2 curved slightly

forward toward middle, very close to and becoming

almost parallel with vein 3 at tip; vein 3 nearly straight

with slight bend near tip, the bend lying against anterior margin of a small triangular brownish spot formed

of minute dense hairs on lower surface; vein 4 curving

slightly backward in basal part, arching slightly forward in last part, diverging from vein 3 from near base;

vein 5 not reaching margin, last part very short, less

than half as long as the perpendicular crossvein but

continuing into a brown streak that curves gradually

back nearly to the margin; vein 6 fused with anal

margin, anal margin narrowly brownish with spurious

veinlike streak in middle part. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 11) about as long as thorax,

blackish with bright metallic bluish reflections, stout,

cylindrical, curving downward, setae dark; a long stout

curved horn projecting from middle of sternlte 3, curving backward apically and broadened into a deltoid

tip; a slender dark seta on each side originating behind

sternal horn and possibly homologous to forked appendage of sternite 4 as found in other species. Hypopygium brown, large, capping tip of preabdomen, projecting forward below, bearing small but distinct black

lamellae, each lamella with many black hairs and a

long black apical bristle; tip of hypopygium shining,

bearing a pair of extremely long setae that cross just

behind the ventral horn.

FEMALE.—Very plain compared to male. Face about

as wide below as antennal segment 1, anterior eye

facets not much enlarged. Legs including forecoxa

plain; middle and hind tibiae with dorsal bristles as in

male. Wing (Figure 8) plain with veins 3 and 4 nearly

straight and diverging from near base; similar to E.

elegans female but vein 2 not particularly bent near

base and curving slightly forward rather than straight

at tip. Abdomen plain, slightly flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype <J from Mexico: Oaxaca,

around stones in shallow partially shaded stream, near

220 km marker, Rt. 185, 9 August 1962, H. Robinson

(USNM 70282). Allotype 2 from Chiapas, over crest

of sierra above Arriaga, 22 May 1963. Paratypes: same

data as allotype, 3 S and 1 9 ; all collected by H.

Robinson.

NOTES.—The new species is distinct in both sexes

from others known in the group by the bristles on the

hind tibiae. The wing of the male is also distinctive.

The species seems close to E. elegans and has the large

auxiliary genitalia similar to that species, but the

abdomen is blackish and there are fewer pairs of acrostichal and dorsocentral setae.

Enlinia anomalipennis, new species

FIGURES 12-17

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front metallic bluish green with only slight

pollen; eyes nearly or essentially contiguous below,

facets rather large in lower part. Palpus and proboscis

brown. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista half

again as long as face.

Thorax shining metallic green with slight yellowish

pollen above, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae

black with pale reflections; about 7 pairs of acrostichals, 7 or 8 pairs of dorsocentrals; scutellum hind

margin evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brown; setae mostly yellowish brown. Forecoxa

(Figure 12) with strong seta on inner anterior surface, a few long upward curved hairs anteriorly; middle femur (Figure 14) rather broad, lower margin

rather angular near base, a cluster of stout setae at the

angle; hind femur rather broad with a longer seta anteroventrally toward tip; fore- and middle tibiae without distinctive setae, hind tibia with a small dorsal seta

near base and one near tip. Foretarsus (Figure 13)

highly modified, segment 1 broad with 2 short stout

setae, segment 2 short and broad with apical appendage projecting far along beside next segment, segment

3 long and slender with next segment arising near middle, segment 4 distally and segment 5 throughout

somewhat broad; lengths of segments of middle tarsus

from base as 11-5-4-3-5; hind tarsus as 10-7-6-5-6,

distal segments all rather broad.

Wing (Figure 16) rather oval with a cuneate base,

a sinuous hind margin, and a fringe of long hairs posteriorly ; vein 2 nearly straight throughout; vein 3 close

to and parallel with vein 2 except near tip, turned

rather sharply back near tip and ending shortly before extremity of wing; vein 4 widely diverging from

third, very close to and nearly parallel with vein 5, becoming sinuous beyond crossvein and ending well

behind wing tip; last part of vein 5 ending before margin, about twice as long as short crossvein; sinus in
14

hind margin opposite crossvein; vein 6 completely lacking but anal margin rather thickened and brownish.

Knob of halter dark.

Abdomen (Figure 15) about as long as thorax, cylindrical to somewhat compressed, blackish with bluish

reflections, seta dark; middle of sternite 3 slightly projecting and bearing a few short but distinct black

setae. Hypopygium capping tip of preabdomen and

projecting slightly forward below, brown with lighter

brown lamellate tips, outer appendages apparently reduced to slender pinnately haired projections.

FEMALE.—Face about as wide below as antennal

segment 1, anterior eye facets not much enlarged. Forecoxa and tarsus, and middle femur plain; lengths of

segments of foretarsus from base as 6-3-2-2-5. Wing

(Figure 17) plain with longitudinal veins all rather

slightly and evenly diverging from near base, vein 2

bulging rather prominently inward from costa in distal

one-half, last of vein 5 reaching hind margin, about

twice as long as crossvein.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: San Luis

Potosi, small ravine a few miles south of Tamazunchale, from partially shaded moist rock surface,

13 August 1962, H. Robinson (USNM 70283). Allotype 9 from Hidalgo, just north of Chapulhuacan, on

rock face moist from seepage, above a roadside spring,

13 August 1962. Paratypes: same locality as holotype,

13-14 August 1962, 2 2 ; 10 May 1963, 5 2 ; same

locality as allotype, 5 and 13 August 1962, 5 $ ; 10 and

30 May 1963, 7 $ and 3 9 ; Guerrero, near Tierra

Colorada, around rocks by partially shaded stream,

29 May 1963, 3 $ and 6 9 ; all collected by H.

Robinson.

NOTE.—The new species is most distinct in the wide

divergence between the third and fourth wing veins.

Enlinia lobata, new species

FIOURES 22-25

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.6 mm.

Face and front dark metallic greenish with only slight

pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior

facets considerably enlarged. Palpus and proboscis

brown. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista about

half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green, more blackish on

pleura, dulled by slight pollen; setae dark with pale reflections ; about 7 pairs of acrostichals, 8 pairs of dorsoSMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

centrals; scutellum hind margin evenly rounded,

bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brown with coxae almost black, setae mostly

dark. Forecoxa (Figure 25) with stout seta anteriorly

and long curved seta externally; forefemur (Figure

25) rather broad with a slender erect seta below near

base, a row of stouter setae along anteroventral edge;

middle femur broad with an angle near base below,

with a series of about 5 stout setae beyond the angle

of which the first is quite long, followed by a row of

more slender setae anteroventrally to near the tip;

hind femur with about 3 long setae anteroventrally

near the tip; tibiae somewhat thick; foretibia (Figure

25) with a rather long dorsal seta near tip; middle

tibia rather flat ventrally on distal half with many short

erect close-set setae, a small dorsal near basal onethird; hind tibia with small dorsals near base, near

basal one-third, and near tip. Foretarsus (Figure 25)

with segments greatly lobed, segment 1 with small lobe

anteroventrally, segment 2 with larger ventral lobe

which becomes almost black distally and bears one or

more stout hairs, segment 3 with a long forked ventral

lobe with a stout seta inserted ventrally at base of fork,

segment 4 with smaller rather rectangular ventral lobe,

last segment long, slightly widened distally; lengths of

segments of middle tarsus from base as 6-3-3-3-3; hind

tarsus as 7-6-5-4-4.

Wing (Figure 23) generally oval with very sinuous

hind margin and cuneate base; with slightly brownish

tinge especially near base and toward tip of vein 2

and near tip of vein 5, brownish area near tip of vein 5

surrounding an elongate clear spot between the posterior crossvein and a sinus on the hind margin; vein 2

close to costa, turning slightly backward along costa at

tip; vein 3 arching slightly forward then strongly backward distally, reaching margin in a shallow sinus well

behind the wing tip; vein 4 only slightly sinuous, reaching margin just beyond another shallow sinus on the

hind margin, veins 2, 3, and 4 all divergent except at

tips; vein 5 lying close to vein 4 and ending well before

the margin in a shallow lobe, last part slightly longer

than the perpendicular crossvein; vein 6 represented

by slight fold that runs immediately to the slightly

thickened anal margin and fuses with it; fringe on hind

margin very prominent almost to tip of vein 4. Knob

of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 22) about as long as thorax, cylindrical, slightly compressed, blackish with dark metallic

green reflections, setae dark; a small setiferous lobe in
NUMBER 25 15

middle of sternite 3, many setae arising from sternite 4

which is greatly excavated posteriorly. Hypopygium

dark, embedded in tip of preabdomen and extending

somewhat forward below; appendages dark, detailed

structure not evident.

FEMALE.—Very plain compared to male. Face about

as wide below as antennal segment 1, anterior eye facets

not much enlarged. Forecoxa, middle tibia, and foretarsus plain; fore- and middle-femora without distinctive ventral setae. Wing (Figure 24) rather oval with

gradually and evenly rounded hind margin, without

long fringe; veins 2, 3, and 4 nearly straight and diverging from near base, vein 3 ending at wing tip; vein 5

reaching hind margin; vein 6 represented by slight fold

lying near but distinct from anal margin. Abdomen

cylindrical to slightly flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype £ from Mexico: Hidalgo,

just north of Chapulhuacan, from moist limestone seepage area above exposed roadside spring, 5 August 1962,

H. Robinson (USNM 70284). Allotype 9 from same

locality as holotype, 13 August 1962. Paratypes: same

locality as holotype, 10 May 1963, 3 $ and 4 9 ;

Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, 20 December 1962,

1 9 ; 14-16 May 1963, 5 $ and 2 $ ; all collected by

H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The new species is most closely related to

the following, E. plumicauda, and differences are indicated under that species.

Enlinia plumicauda, new species

FIGURES 18-21

MALE.—Length 1.1 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.7 mm.

Very similar to E. lobata with the following observed

differences:

Forecoxa with only small hairs externally near base;

middle femur (Figure 20) essentially as in E. lobata.

Foretarsus (Figure 19) with shorter lobes on segments

2, 3, and 4, segment 1 longer and with more prominent

sinus.

Wing (Figure 21) with more rounded anal margin,

without evident pigment spots; vein 3 slightly more

strongly arched near tip.

Abdomen (Figure 18) with sternite 3 bearing a

small crest of short setae but no evident lobe, sternite 4

deeply excavated centrally and bearing a projecting

lobe on each side. Hypopygium bearing a pair of yellowish translucent lamellae, each of which bears a long

plumose appendage near its base.

348-745 O—69 3

FEMALE.—Relatively plain without evident distinction from that of E. lobata.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Chiapas, above Arriaga, in sunlight on rock

face in partially shaded ravine, 21 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70285). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1 9 ; Chiapas, near Ixtapan, from wet rock

by road above river, 23 May 1963, 1 $ ; near Pichucalco, 24 May 1963,1 9 ; Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, on sunlit rocks in stream near shrine, 16 May

1963, 1 S ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTES.—The species is most noticeably distinct from

the closely related E. lobata by the plumose appendage

on the hypopygium. Other differences tend to be slight

though consistent. The range of E. plumicauda is generally more to the south and east, but specimens of

both species were collected at the same locality above

Rio Valle Nacional on different days.

Enlinia maculata, new species

FIGURES 26-29

MALE.—Length 0.9 mm; wing 1.1 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with only slight pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets

enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black,

segment 3 blunt, arista nearly twice as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green with slight yellowish

pollen, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae dark with

pale reflections; 7 pairs of acrostichals, 7 or 8 pairs

of small dorsocentrals; scutellum hind margin evenly

rounded, bristles widely separated.

Legs brown with fore- and middle trochanters pale;

setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with a strong seta on inner

anterior surface, a few small pale setae at base; forefemur rather slender, with series of longer posteroventrals distally; middle femur (Figure 26) rather broad,

lower margin more strongly curved near base and there

bearing a crest of a few stout setae, the longest as long

as femur width; hind femur rather broad, with somewhat longer stouter setae ventrally especially toward

tip; foretibia somewhat stout; middle tibia slightly

flattened below with dense short erect pubescence near

tip; hind tibia with 3 small dorsals, basal, subbasal, and

apical. Foretarsus (Figure 27) segments 1 and 2 somewhat angular with a few stout setae, segments 3 and 4

with prominent lobes, that on segment 4 broader, last

segment long and narrow; lengths of segments of mid-
16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

die tarsus from base as 7-5-5-4-5; hind tarsus as

12-9-7-6-6.

Wing (Figure 29) oval with slightly sinuous hind

margin bearing fringe of long hairs, slight sinus at tip

of vein 5 followed by slight bulge, a small dark spot

lying against anterior side of vein 4 in middle of last

part, wing otherwise slightly brownish gray; veins 2, 3,

and 4 diverging in basal part, bending near midwing

just before crossvein and running nearly parallel to

margin; vein 5 close to 4 and with matching bend,

somewhat diverging beyond the short oblique crossvein,

crossvein one-third the length of last part of vein 5;

vein 6 represented by narrowly darkened anal margin

and dark intramarginal streak. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 28) as long as thorax, blackish

with metallic dark green reflections, stout, cylindrical,

straight, setae dark; sternite 3 with small median projection near hind margin, sternite 4 with median crest

of small setae near front margin, sternite 4 followed

by cleft sclerites on each side bearing downward projecting lobe. Hypopygium brown, medium size, capping tip of preabdomen, bearing a pair of small dark

setiferous lobes, other appendages with only projecting

setae visible.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype 8 from Mexico: Oaxaca,

above Rio Valle Nacional, 16 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70286). Paratypes: same locality as holotype,

14 May 1963, 1 S ; Chiapas, above Arriaga, on wet

rock in partially shaded hollow, 22 May 1963, 2 8 ;

all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The species is most closely related to the

following, E. obovata, but is distinct in the less lobed

hind margin of the wing and the less prominent hypopygial lamellae.

Enlinia obovata, new species

FIGURES 30-34

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.3 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with only slight

pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior

facets somewhat enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark.

Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista near twice as

long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green with slight yellowish

pollen, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae dark with

pale reflections; about 6 pairs of small acrostichals,

7 or 8 pairs of small dorsocentrals; scutellum hind

margin strongly rounded, bristles as near sides as

middle.

Legs brown with trochanters and sometimes base of

forefemur pale; setae dark. Forecoxa with strong seta

on inner anterior surface, a few small pale setae at the

base; forefemur rather slender with a series of longer

posteroventrals distally; middle femur (Figure 33)

rather broad with lower margin somewhat angular

near base where there are 5 or 6 stout erect black setae;

hind femur rather broad, with slightly longer setae

ventrally; fore- and middle tibiae without longer setae,

hind tibia with 1 small anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal. Foretarsus (Figure 32) with segment 1 short and

broad, 2 very small, 3 and 4 with platelike dorsal extensions, segment 5 long and slender, lengths of segments from base as 4-2-2-3-5; middle tarsus as

6-5-5-4-5; hind tarsus as 12-10-8-5-6.

Wing (Figure 30) obovate, with slight sinus at end

of vein 4, larger sinus at end of vein 5, slightly sinuous

anal margin, hind margin fringed with long hairs, a

large brownish spot lying against anterior side of vein 4

in middle of last part, wing otherwise slightly brownish gray; veins 2, 3, and 4 all slightly sinuous diverging

from near base; vein 5 very close to 4, last part of 5

four times as long as short crossvein, vein 5 diverging

slightly from vein 4 beyond crossvein and ending just

before margin; vein 6 partially merged with anal margin. Knob of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 34) about as long as thorax,

blackish with metallic dark green reflections, stout,

cylindrical, straight, setae dark; sternite 3 with a rather

long broad-tipped median appendage. Hypopygium

brown, large, capping tip of preabdomen, bearing a

pair of large translucent, spinose-margined plates

below.

FEMALE.—Relatively plain with face about as wide

as antennal segment 1, anterior facets of eyes not enlarged. Forecoxa with only numerous short hairs anteriorly; femora without long setae; foretarsus plain,

lengths of segments from base as 5-3-3-2-5. Wing

(Figure 31) narrowly oval, with gradually and evenly

rounded hind margin, without fringe of long hairs;

vein 3 nearly straight, veins 2 and 4 diverging from

vein 3 from base except for parallel or slightly convergent parts just beyond the crossvein; crossvein

rather short, half as long as last of vein 5, vein 5 curving slightly forward with vein 4; vein 6 represented by

fold distinct from margin.
NUMBER 2 5 17

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Veracruz, near Santiago Tuxtla, hovering

over leaves, wooded stream by pasture, 26 May 1963,

H. Robinson (USNM 70287). Paratypes: same data

as holotype, 1 $ and 10 2 ; all collected by H.

Robinson.

NOTE.—This species with the preceding, E. maculata, forms a rather distinct subgroup with the brown

spot by the fourth wing vein. The two species are

thoroughly distinct from each other with E. obovata

having the markedly expanded wing tip, the more

prominent sinus at the tip of the fifth wing vein, the

larger brown spot, and differences in the foretarsus

and male genitalia.

Both these Mexican species resemble the West Indian E. sordida (Aldrich), which also has a pigment

spot lying in front of the last part of the fourth wing

vein. In the latter species, however, the spot is much

larger and rather irregular in shape, and there is a

sinus in the wing margin at the end of the fifth vein

and another slightly behind it. In the West Indian

species, the fourth and fifth veins are not as closely

alined as in the Mexican, and the crossvein is longer

and not as oblique.

Enlinia crinita, new species

FIGURES 35-39

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with very slight

pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior

facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark brown. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista near half again

as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark bluish green with slight pollen,

pleura more brownish; setae dark; about 7 pairs of

small acrostichals, 7 or 8 pairs of dorsocentrals; scutellum hind margin evenly rounded, bristles as near sides

as middle.

Legs brown with rather pale trochanters; setae

mostly dark. Forecoxa (Figure 35) with large bristle

on inner anterior surface, only short hairs on rest of

anterior surface; forefemur (Figure 35) rather thick

toward base, a slender ventral seta at thickest part

followed by a row of short black setae; middle femur

(Figure 36) thickened at base, with a long stout seta

at thickest part followed by about 6 stout erect setae,

about 2 smaller less erect setae near tip; hind femur

with ventral setae not much longer than dorsal; foretibia (Figure 35) gradually slightly widened toward

tip; middle tibia (Figure 36) flattened and curved,

with a few crowded erect setae ventrally near tip; hind

tibia with a slightly larger seta near base and tip

dorsally. Foretarsus (Figure 35) modified, segment 1

compressed with a sharp dark point ventrally, segment

2 very short, segment 3 slender with ventral spur constituting half its length, segment 4 about as long as

spur of 3, last segment somewhat broadened distally;

lengths of segments of middle tarsus from base as

6-3-3-2-3; hind tarsus as 8-6-5-4-5.

Wing (Figure 38) rather elliptical with middle of

hind margin very straight and fringed, wing clear with

brown veins; vein 2 slightly sinuous, diverging from

vein 3 at tip; vein 3 nearly straight, bulging slightly

forward; vein 4 diverging from 3rd for most of length,

bulging backward in basal part and forward in distal

part; crossvein nearly perpendicular to adjacent parts

of vein 4, about half as long as last part of vein 5;

vein 5 ending short of margin or continuing with only

weak trace; vein 6 fused with anal margin which is

narrowly brownish. Knob of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 37) about as long as thorax, cylindrical, arching downward, blackish with slight metallic

reflections, setae dark; sternite 4 bearing slender erect

appendage that is forked near tip with each short tip

recurved. Hypopygium rather large, capping tip of

preabdomen and extending forward below, brown;

lamellae small, triangular, with a few short stout black

setae; inner appendages broad and flat, shining reddish brown, flanked by a short dark arm that expands

apically into a very thin hyaline lamella.

FEMALE.—Differing from male by face over half as

wide as antennal segment 1; forecoxa and fore- and

middle femora with only small setae, middle tibia cylindrical with normal setae; foretarsus not modified,

lengths of segments from base as 6-2-2-2-3; wing (Figure 39) with vein 4 more nearly straight, vein 5 reaching margin, hind margin evenly rounded and not long

fringed.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype 5 from

Mexico: San Luis Potosi, small ravine a few km south

of Tamazunchale, on surface of moist limestone, 14

August 1962, H. Robinson (USNM 70288). Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 4-5, 13-14 August

1962, 2 $ and 6 2 ; San Luis Potosi, El Salto, river

below upper falls, limestone deposits, 9 May 1963, 5

$ ; Veracruz, near Santiago Tuxtla, 26 May 1963, 2

6 and 2 2 ; Oaxaca, Rio Valle Nacional, 12 May
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

1963, 1 2 ; Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Botanic Garden, on cement aqueduct, 25 December 1962, 2 <$ and

5 9 ; near Bochil, 23 May 1963, 1 9 ; near Pichucalco,

23 May 1963, 2 8 and 1 9 ; all collected by H.

Robinson.

NOTE.—The male wing of Enlinia crinita is the least

modified of any presently recognized in the E. magistri

group. Only E. interrupta, of the species treated here,

seems particularly close.

Enlinia interrupta, new species

FIGURES 40-42

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.1 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with only slight pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets

greatly enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna

black, segment 3 blunt, arista near half again as long

as face.

Thorax metallic dark green with slight grayish pollen; setae dark with pale reflections; about 8 pairs of

small acrostichals, 8 or 9 pairs of dorsocentrals; scutellum hind margin evenly curved, bristles as near sides

as middle.

Legs mostly brown with paler trochanters; setae

mostly dark. Forecoxa (Figure 40) with 2 strong setae

on the anterior surface, a few pale hairs distally; forefemur (Figure 40) broad, more so toward the base,

with a small erect ventral seta at the broadest part followed by a series of small and not very distinctive setae;

middle femur broad, especially toward the base, lower

margin somewhat angular near base, a long stout bristle

borne on tubercle at angle followed by 3 or 4 progressively shorter setae on smaller tubercles; hind femur

rather broad, with a few longer setae anteroventrally

near tip; foretibia (Figure 40) becoming wider toward

tip; middle tibia rather broad, flattened ventrally in

distal half with rather crowded short erect hairs; hind

tibia with indistinct but slightly longer dorsal seta near

base and tip. Foretarsus (Figure 40) modified with

very stout seta on tip of thickened segment 1, segment

3 with an acute projection on tip ventrally, a short

stout apical seta partly surrounded by a pubescent lobe

of segment 4; lengths of segments of middle tarsus from

base as 6-3-3-2-3; hind tarsus as 8-6-5-4-4.

Wing (Figure 41) rather oblong with anal margin

considerably rounded in the middle, a shallow lobe near

tip of vein 5, wing clear with brown veins; vein 2

rather sinuous, diverging from 3rd at tip; veins 3 and

4 nearly straight, diverging from near base; vein 5

ending short of wing margin, continued in streak of

pigment nearly reaching margin, last part of vein

slightly shorter than the perpendicular crossvein; vein

6 fused with anal margin, which is darkened, thickened, and bearing progressively longer setae in a series

that ceases abruptly at the end of the thickened part of

the margin. Knob of halter dark.

Abdomen (Figure 42) about as long as thorax, stout,

cylindrical, curving downward, blackish with metallic

bluish-green reflections, setae dark; middle of sternite

3 raised into a point, sternite 4 with short forked appendage lying forward against point of 3rd. Hypopygium brown, large, capping tip of preabdomen, projecting forward below, bearing rather small dark lamellae that bear short dark hairs; tip of hypopygium bearing a slender black median projection and a pair of

very delicate long-attenuate almost transparent to

slightly brownish appendages.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

ravine near 660 km marker, Rt. 190, from margin of

shaded stagnant pool under culvert, 9 August 1962,

H. Robinson (USNM 70289).

NOTE.—The species is distinguished by a number of

structures, including the setae on the anal margin of

the wing and the very long slender apical appendages

on the hypopygium. The two strong bristles on the

forecoxae would also be rather distinctive if constant.

II. Enlinia marginata Group

The group is excluded from the preceding group, which

it closely resembles, by the rather evenly rounded

fringed hind margin of the male wing, and the plain

forecoxa.

Enlinia marginata, new species

FIGURES 43-46

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.8 mm by 0.3 mm.

Face and front shining blackish; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and

proboscis black. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista

half again as long as face.

Thorax appearing brownish to blackish, details

hidden by glue; scutellum hind margin strongly and

evenly rounded, bristles slightly nearer sides than

middle.
NUMBER 2 5 19

Legs brown with forecoxa pale brown; setae mostly

dark with pale reflections. Forecoxa without large

setae; fore- and hind femora without distinctive setae;

middle femur (Figure 44) with a row of many stout

mostly short setae below, a few basal ones nearly as

long as width of femur; foretibia rather stout; hind

tibia with 2 small dorsals, basal and apical. Foretarsus

(Figure 43) with lengths of segments from base as

4-2-2-2-5, segment 1 stout, segment 3 with dorsal projection; middle tarsus as 6-4-3-3-4; hind tarsus as

8-6-5-4-5.

Wing (Figure 46) oval, with nearly straight and discolored anal margin bearing fringe of somewhat long

hairs; vein 2 curving slightly forward at tip; vein 3

ending slightly below wing apex; crossvein two-fifths

length of last part of vein 5. Knob of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 45) about as long as thorax,

straight, cylindrical, blackish with violet reflections;

sternite 3 with small median lobe, sternite 4 excavated

posteriorly. Hypopygium brown, small, partially immersed in tip of preabdomen, with only a few small

appendages and hairs visible.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Rio Valle Nacional, rocky stream margin by road at

edge of town, 12 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM

70290).

NOTE.—The species seems intermediate between the

E. magistri group and the other less ornate groups. As

such it is very reminiscent of E. saxicola of the eastern

United States. The lack of both a discolored anal margin and a distinct fringe in the male wing of E. saxicola, however, seems to preclude any idea of really,

close relationship.

III. Enlinia ciliata Group

The group is readily distinguished by the dark legs

with white basitarsi and by the narrow face of the female. The species differ also in thedr preference for mud

or wet sand as a substrate.

Enlinia ciliata Robinson

FIGURES 47-51

Enlinia ciliata Robinson, 1964, p. 124.

MALE.—Length 0.7-1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.5

mm. Face and front dark metallic greenish or bluish;

eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black,

segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic bluish green, pleura brown; setae

blackish with pale reflections; 8 or 9 pairs of acrostichals, same number of mostly minute dorsocentrals;

scutellar bristles widely separated.

Legs mostly brown with trochanters and basal 2-

2J4 tarsal segments white. Forecoxa without large

setae; middle trochanter with 2 ventral setae; middle

femur (Figure 49) with a short row of 4-6 black

bristles below near the base, which are mostly as long

as femoral width; hind tibia with 2 or 3 small dorsals.

Foretarsus (Figure 47) with segments 1 and 2 thickened, other segments rather moniliform, lengths of

segments from base as 6-3-3-3-3; middle tarsus as 10-

8-5-5-5; hind tarsus as 11-10-7-6-6.

Wing (Figure 48) oval, with anal angle distinctly

and evenly rounded, wing hyaline; veins 3 and 4 nearly

straight from the base, diverging, 3rd ending near

wing tip; last part of vein 5 about twice as long as

crossvein; vein 6 represented by a slight fold. Halter

black.

Abdomen (Figure 51) with dorsum dark metallic

bluish; sternite 3 with erect long slender median armature near hind margin, sternite 4 with slender forked

armature. Hypopygium (Figure 50) small, mostly enclosed in tip of preabdomen, brown, bearing small pale

pubescent lobes toward base and curved lamellae and

a pair of long setae distally.

FEMALE.—The face is very narrow below but reaches

the mouth; eye facets not enlarged. Foretarsus plain;

lengths of segments from base as 5-2-2-2-3; middle

femur without distinct ventral bristles.

DISTRIBUTION.—Enlinia ciliata has been collected in

the United States from Indiana, Tennessee, North

Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland. Five male specimens of the species have been collected in Mexico

from Veracruz, near Tierra Blanca.

NOTE.—Enlinia ciliata and the other two species

of the group, E. convergens and E. albipes, occur on

mud and wet sand. Because of this habitat the species

could occur in many areas of northeastern Mexico

and the southern United States where few rocky habitats are available. Future collections may show a more

nearly continuous range for E. ciliata.
20

Enlinia convergens, new species

FIGURES 52-54

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 0.9 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with only slight

pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets somewhat enlarged. Palpus and proboscis not visible. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista broken.

Thorax metallic dark green with slight yellowish

pollen, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae dark with

pale reflections; 7 or 8 pairs of small acrostichals; 7 or

8 pairs of mostly small dorsocentrals, only hind pair

larger; scutellum hind margin evenly rounded, bristles

very widely separated, nearer sides than middle.

Legs mostly brown with most of segments 1 and 2 of

all tarsi white. Forecoxa not visible; middle femur

(Figure 52) with series of 4 large stout setae on ventral

margin near base; hind femur with somewhat larger

setae along upper edge; hind tibia with 2 or 3 small

dorsals, setae of other tibiae not visible. Foretarsus with

segments short, somewhat moniliform or irregular;

middle tarsus with lengths of segments from base as

7-4-4-3-4; hind tarsus as 9-9-6-5-4, segment 1 stouter

than second.

Wing (Figure 54) oblong, without long fringe; vein

2 converging with vein 3, diverging slightly near tip;

vein 4 converging with vein 3, parallel near tip; crossvein perpendicular to last part of vein 4, nearly as

long as last of vein 5; vein 6 represented by slight fold.

Halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 53) as long as thorax, metallic

dark green, stout, cylindrical, straight, setae dark with

pale reflections; sternite 3 with erect long slender distal ly curved armature near hind margin, sternite 4

deeply excavated posteriorly. Hypopygium rather

small, mostly enclosed in tip of preabdomen, brown,

bearing a pair of small whitish setiferous lobes, other

appendages with only projecting setae visible.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype <J from Mexico: Veracruz,

near Ciudad Aleman, in pasture on mud at edge of

small roadside pond, 12 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70291).

NOTE.—The wing of E. convergens is of interest for

both its structure and its phyletic implications. The E.

ciliata group is seemingly more related to the E. magistri and E. marginata groups in which the male wings

are modified. In the E. ciliata group, however, the

other two known species have plain wings, and the speSMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

cialized wing structure in E. covergens is entirely unlike those in related groups. The wing of E. convergens

is more like a reversion to the wing type common in

many other genera, and on this basis, workers not

familiar with the species might easily conclude it was

not an Enlinia.

Enlinia albipes, new species

FIGURES 55-57

MALE.—Length 0.8-1.0 mm; wing 0.9 mm by 0.4

mm. Face and front dark metallic bluish; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista nearly twice length of face.

Thorax metallic bluish; setae dark with pale reflections; 7 pairs of small acrostichals; 8 or 9 pairs of

dorsocentrals, only last pair larger; scutellum hind margin evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs mostly brownish with slightly pale fore- and

middle trochanters, all basitarsi and part of segment

2 of foretarsus whitish. Forecoxa with only hairs anteriorly; forefemur with 1 longer erect seta ventrally

near base, a few other ventrals distally; middle femur

(Figure 55) rather slender with 3 stout erect ventral

setae clustered near base, one very long, other less erect

ventrals anteriorly in distal half; middle tibia slightly

flattened below with crowded short dark hairs near the

tip ventrally. Foretarsus with segments 1 and 2 thickened, other segments rather moniliform, lengths of segments from base as 5-2-2-2-2; middle tarsus as 11-5-4-

3-4; hind tarsus as 9-7-6-5-4.

Wing (Figure 57) oval, anal margin evenly rounded,

hyaline; veins 3 and 4 nearly straight from base, diverging; vein 2 diverging at base and tip, more parallel to

vein 3 in middle; last part of vein 5 twice length of

crossvein. Halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 56) metallic bluish; sternite 3

with an erect long slender armature near middle of

hind margin, sternite 4 with slender forked armature.

Hypopygium small, mostly enclosed in tip of preabdomen, brown, bearing small pale pubescent lobes toward

base and a pair of rather bladelike stiff yellow translucent forward projecting arms toward tip.

FEMALE.—Face very narrow below but reaching

mouth; eye facets not enlarged. Foretarsus plain,

lengths of segments from base as 5-3-2-2-4; femora

without distinctive ventral setae.
NUMBER 2 5 21

TYPE-DATE.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Chiapas, near junction of Rts. 190 and 200,

on mud at edge of pond, 21 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70292). Paratypes: same data as holotype,

3 $ and 1 $ ; Veracruz, near Tierra Blanca, margin of

pond in pasture, 12 May 1963, 2 $ ; near Santiago

Tuxtla, edge of stream in pasture, 26 May 1963, 1 S

and 1 2 ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTES.—The species is mostly like E. ciliata but

differs in the hypopygial appendages, the setae of the

middle femur, and in the more restricted whitish color

on the tarsi. The latter character is valid for both sexes.

IV. Enlinia femorata Group

The group is very distinct, differing markedly from

others by the bulging lower part of the face in both

sexes, and by the ventral spur near the tip of the male

hind femur.

Enlinia femorata, new species

FIGURES 58-61

MALE.—Length 1.1 mm; wing 1.1 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with very slight

pollen, face narrowed below the antennae, narrow but

distinct to the mouth, clypeus bulging forward; anterior facets of eyes enlarged. Palpus and proboscis yellowish brown. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista

slightly longer than face.

Thorax metallic dark green with very slight pollen,

pollen more yellowish above; setae dark; about 6 pairs

of small acrostichals; 6 or 7 pairs of equally small dorsocentrals, last pair rather long; scutellum hind margin

evenly rounded, bristles slightly nearer middle than

sides.

Legs mostly brown with trochanters slightly paler,

tarsi black; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with only short

hairs; forefemur bare below except a short but slender

erect seta near base; middle femur with setae longer

anteroventrally near tip; hind femur (Figure 61) with

a distinct tooth or spur at about distal one-third of

lower margin directed anteroventrally, a row of rather

strong anteroventral setae along length of the femur,

4 or 5 distinct before spur, a few erect anterodorsals

near base; tibiae, especially fore and hind appearing

rather stout, without distinctive setae; middle tibia with

a long posterodorsal just before middle; hind tibia with

slightly longer anterodorsal near base and tip. Foretarsus (Figure 60) with only segment 1 noticeably thickened, lengths of segments from base as 5-3-2-2-4;

middle tarsus as 6-4-3-3-4; hind tarsus as 7-6-5-4-5.

Wing (Figure 58) rather oval with gradually and

evenly rounded hind margin, clear with brown veins;

veins 2, 3, and 4 all nearly straight and diverging from

near the base; posterior crossvein nearly perpendicular

to vein 4, about two-thirds as long as last part of vein

5; vein 6 represented by slight fold lying near anal

margin. Halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 59) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical or somewhat flattened, shining dark brown

or blackish; without evident auxiliary genitalia ventrally. Hypopygium small, blackish, capping tip of preabdomen, extending slightly forward below; pair of

appendages slender, bearing long, rather pale setae;

a longer yellowish pair of armatures apically.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S from Mexico: Oaxaca,

near bridge in Tuxtepec, from among pebbles and

rocks along edge of small shaded stream, taken in early

morning, 20 December 1962, H. Robinson (USNM

70293). Paratype: same data as holotype, 1 $ .

NOTE.—This species and the next, E. cristata, are

very closely related, differing primarily in the form of

the genital lamellae.

Enlinia cristata, new species

FIGURES 62-65

MALE.—Length 0.9 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic greenish or bronze dulled

with slight pollen, face very narrowed below but distinct to mouth, clypeus bulging forward, front brownish pollinose; anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus dark,

proboscis yellowish brown. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista slightly longer than face.

Thorax as in E. femorata but appearing more bronze

or more reddish pollinose; 6 pairs of acrostichals, 6 or

7 pairs of distinct dorsocentrals.

Legs brown with pale trochanters; structure as in

E. femorata, but hind femur (Figure 65) with only

2 strong anteroventrals before spur. Foretarsus with

segment 1 thicker, other segments rather moniliform,

lengths of segments from base as 5-2-2-1-2; middle

tarsus as 7-5-4-3-4; hind tarsus as 9-8-5-5-6.

Wing (Figure 62) essentially as in E. femorata.

Halter blackish.
22

Abdomen (Figure 64) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, straight, shining brownish or metallic with

blackish pollen; without evident auxiliary genitalia

ventrally. Hypopygium small, dark, capping or mostly

immersed in tip of preabdomen; with pair of long

apically curved appendages each bearing a crest of

long slender setae distally on lower margin.

FEMALE.—Face somewhat wider than in male,

clypeus bulging outward with upper face flat or

sunken; thorax more metallic bluish; femora without

distinctive setae or spurs; foretarsus plain, lengths of

segments from base as 4-3-2-2-3; wing (Figure 63)

with crossvein three-fourths the length of last part of

vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Chiapas, about 15 miles south of Pichucalco,

on rocks in small roadside spring, 24 May 1963, H.

Robinson (USNM 70294). Paratypes: same data as

holotype, 1 8 and 1 9 .

NOTE.—The species is clearly distinct from E.

femorata in the genital lamellae, but other apparent

differences are subject to question until more material

is available.

V. Enlinia armata Group

The group is distinct in the row of short stout setae

along the ventral edge of the forefemur in both sexes.

The group is one of those distinguished by the strong

dorsal bristles on the hind tibia, and characteristically

the species have only six pairs of dorsocentrals. The

species occur on relatively dry rocks compared to

others of the genus.

Enlinia armata, new species

FIGURES 81-82

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Front light metallic green dulled with brown pollen;

face dark metallic green with slight whitish pollen;

eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets somewhat enlarged. Palpus dark, proboscis yellowish brown.

Antenna brown, segment 3 blunt, arista half again as

long as face.

Thorax dark metallic green with slight yellowish

pollen above, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae

yellowish; about 5 pairs of small acrostichals, 6 pairs

of dorsocentrals; scutellum hind margin evenly

rounded, bristles usually as near sides as middle.

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

Legs yellow with hind femur and tibia slightly

brownish above; setae mostly brownish on tibiae and

tarsi, paler on femora. Forecoxa with numerous dark

hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 82) with a series

of about 10 very short stout setae along anteroventral

margin; middle femur with single fine erect anteroventral basally; hind femur with 1 or 2 larger darker

setae anteroventrally near tip; tibiae slightly wider

toward tip; middle tibia widest nearer middle and

bearing large antero- and posterodorsal paired near

basal one-fourth and sometimes small anterodorsal beyond the middle; hind tibia with 5 or 6 stout posterodorsals, 3 smaller anterodorsals paired with alternate

posterodorsals. Foretarsus with segments 1 and 2 compressed, 3rd flattened distally with short stout black

seta posteriorly, lengths of segments from base as

6-2-2-2-3; middle tarsus as 5-4-3-2-3; hind tarsus as

5-6-5-4-4.

Wing (Figure 81) rather oval, hind margin evenly

rounded, anal angle not prominent, wing clear, veins

yellowish brown; vein 2 nearly straight, diverging from

3rd from near base; veins 3 and 4 essentially straight,

diverging from base; crossvein nearly perpendicular to

vein 4, three-fifths as long as last part of vein 5; vein

6 represented by slight fold lying near anal margin.

Halter pale.

Abdomen slightly longer than thorax, cylindrical,

somewhat compressed, blackish with thick black pollen

above; setae short, rather pale; without auxiliary genitalia on sternites. Hypopygium small, brown, capping

tip of preabdomen, bearing a pair of small brown triangular lamellae, each with many long brownish setae

around the tip.

FEMALE.—Similar to male but lower face as wide as

antennal segment 1, facets of eyes more uniform in

size. Setae of legs as in male. Abdomen slightly

flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: San Luis

Potosi, small ravine a few km south of Tamazunchale,

on surface of moist limestone, 4 August 1962, H. Robinson (USNM 70295). Allotype 9 from Hidalgo, just

north of Chapulhuacan, on moist rock face above a

roadside spring, 5 August 1962. Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 5-13 August 1962, 3 9 ; 10 and 30

May 1963, 1 $ and 1 9 ; same locality as allotype,

13 August 1962, 8 $ and 2 9 ; 10 and 30 May 1963,

1 $ and 2 9 ; San Luis Potosi, El Salto, limestone deposits below upper falls, 15 December 1962, 1 $ ;

9 May 1963, 1 $ ; Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional,
NUMBER 2 5 23

on moist rocks in ravines and by waterfalls, 13-15 May

1963, 25 $ and 10 $ ; Chiapas, above Arriaga, on

rocks in shaded roadside ravine, 21 May 1963, 10 $

and 5 9 ; Guerrero, near Tierra Colorada, from moist

rock surfaces in shaded ravine, 29 May 1963, 6 9 ; all

collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The species is one of the most frequently

collected because of its occurrence on the more prominent drier parts of rocks. Most species of Enlinia seem

restricted to wetter surfaces and are more easily

overlooked.

Enlinia fusca, new species

FIGURES 78-80

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.3 mm by 0.5 mm.

Structure of head, thorax, legs, and abdomen (Figure

78) essentially as in E. armata. Color generally brownish with usually femora and tarsi and often tibiae and

coxae brown; foretarsus (Figure 79) with lengths of

segments from base as 12-5-3-4-6; middle tarsus as

10-7-6-5-7; hind tarsus as 10-12-10-8-7.

Wing (Figure 80) similar to E. armata but with

crossvein sometimes three-fourths as long as or nearly

as long as last part of vein 5. Halter brown.

FEMALE.—Similar to male but lower face as wide

as antenna! segment 1, facets of eyes not enlarged.

Setae of legs as in male; foretarsus plain, with lengths

of segments from base as 12-4-3-3-6.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, on drier

parts of wet rocks in shaded ravines and by waterfalls,

15-16 May 1963, H. Robinson. Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 12 May 1963, 1 9 ; Rio Valle Nacional, in shaded ravine near town, 20 December 1962,

2 $ and 1 9 ; Chiapas, about 10 kms south of Pichucalco, wet shaded ledge by road, 24 May 1963, 4 $ ;

all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The species is distinct from E. armata by the

brown knob of the halter. As typified here the species

is also distinct by a crossvein longer in relation to the

last part of the fifth vein, a situation not seen in any

specimens of E. armata. The series of E. fusca from

Pichucalco and the paratype female from near Rio

Valle Nacional, however, have wings more like E. armata, and more collections will be necessary to fully

resolve their status.

348-745 O—69 1

Enlinia distincta, new species

FIGURES 83-87

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Head essentially as in E. armata.

Thorax with mesoscutum metallic green with slight

yellowish pollen, more grayish pollen on pleura; setae

brownish with pale reflections; about 5 pairs of small

acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, only last pair

rather long; scutellum hind margin evenly rounded,

bristles slightly nearer middle than sides.

Legs including coxae mostly yellow but usually femora, last 2 segments of foretarsus, and last 3 or 4

segments of hind tarsus brown. Forecoxa with only

hairs anteriorly, which are mostly dark; forefemur

(Figure 85) with a row of about 15 short spicules anteroventrally, 1 much longer slender and erect seta at

base; middle femur with 1 very slender erect ventral

seta at base, a few rather distinct anteroventrals in

addition to those near the tip; foretibia (Figure 85)

with 5 or 6 short dark dorsals; middle tibia with smaller

anterodorsal and larger posterodorsal paired near basal

one-fourth, small anterodorsals near middle and tip;

hind tibia with 5 or 6 strong posterodorsals, 3 smaller

anterodorsals paired with alternate posterodorsals.

Foretarsus (Figure 84) with segment 1 long and thick,

ending ventrally in black spicule, segment 2 very short

with 2 rather long setae anteriorly, segment 3 triangular, large with large sinuous black seta ventrally, lengths

of segments from base as 14-3-6-5-7; middle tarsus

as 11-8-6-5-7; hind tarsus (Figure 83) as 11-10-9-7-8,

segments 2 and 3 slightly widened and swollen and

densely hairy; both middle and hind tarsi strongly

curved in dry material.

Wing (Figure 87) very similar to E. armata but vein

3 ending almost in extremity of wing and posterior

edge receding from it more sharply sometimes giving

almost pointed appearance; crossvein three-fourths as

long as last part of vein 5. Halter yellow.

Abdomen (Figure 86) essentially as in E. armata

but perhaps a little stouter.

FEMALE.—Face narrow but distinct to mouth. Setae

of femora and tibiae mostly same as male, but long

ventral setae at bases of femora absent; foretarsus not

distorted, lengths of segments from base as 12-4-3-3-6.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype £ and allotype $ from Mexico: Chiapas, sierra above Arriaga, in moist shaded

ravine by road, 21 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM

70296). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 3 $ ; Chia-
24

pas, about 10 km south of Pichucalco, wet shaded roadside ledge, 24 May 1963, 3 S ; all collected by H.

Robinson.

NOTE.—In the Arriaga locality the species occurred

with E. armata and the female was determined on the

basis of the wing. The wings, as observed in males of

E. distincta and E. armata, seem relatively stable in

their subtle differences.

Enlinia hirtitarsis, new species

FIGURES 74-77

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.4 mm by 0.6 mm.

Front broad, dark metallic green dulled with brownish

pollen; face narrowed below, obliterated in lower half

by contiguous eyes; anterior facets of eyes enlarged.

Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic green with slight yellowish

pollen, pleura more brown with denser grayish pollen;

setae brownish with pale reflections; 5 pairs of rather

small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, only last

pairs rather long; scutellum prominent, rather sharply

rounded apically and straight on sides, bristles distinctly nearer middle than sides.

Legs mostly brownish with trochanters and basal 2

segments of foretarsus rather pale; setae mostly dark.

Forecoxa with hairs anteriorly, which are mostly dark;

forefemur with row of about 15 short spicules anteroventrally; fore- and middle femora with single slender

erect ventral setae near base; foretibia with 5 or 6

short but distinct dorsals; middle tibia with anteroand posterodorsal paired near basal fourth; hind tibia

with 5 or 6 strong posterodorsals, alternate ones paired

with smaller anterodorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 74)

with segments 1 and 2 broad, 2nd bearing long spur

anteroventrally, segment 3 fan-shaped with black spine

ventrally, last segments slender, lengths of segments

from base as 13-5-5-8-8; middle tarsus as 13-9-7-6-6;

hind tarsus (Figure 76) as 13-12-11-8-9, tarsus somewhat twisted, segments 1, 2, and 3 with longer more

erect setae dorsally, segment 4 with 2 very long dorsal

setae.

Wing (Figure 75) similar to E. armata but crossvein

three-fourths length of last part of vein 5. Knob of

halter fuscous.

Abdomen (Figure 77) essentially as in E. armata,

blackish with slight greenish tinges; no auxiliary genitalia on sternites. Hypopygium small, mostly recessed in

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

tip of preabdomen, bearing broad, dark, setiferous

lamellae.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S from Mexico: Puebla,

near San Martin, moist rocky stream margin in shaded

ravine under old bridge, 27 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70297).

NOTE.—The hind tarsus of the male distinguishes

the species from others of the group.

Enlinia fasciata, new species

FIGURES 66-69

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front metallic light green, former with slight

whitish pollen, more brownish pollen on front; eyes

essentially contiguous below, anterior facets somewhat

enlarged. Palpus and proboscis yellowish brown. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long

as face.

Thorax bright metallic green with slight yellowish

pollen above, pleura brown with more grayish pollen,

metepimeron yellow; setae brown with pale reflections;

about 5 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin evenly rounded, bristles slightly nearer middle than

sides.

Legs wholly yellow; setae rather pale on coxae and

femora, brownish on tibiae and tarsi. Forecoxa with

numerous pale hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 67)

with about 6 stout black setae along anteroventral surface ; middle femur with single slender erect anteroventral seta basally; middle and hind femora with 1 or

2 longer darker setae anteroventrally near tip; foreand hind tibiae slightly widened toward tips, middle

tibia thicker in middle; fore- and middle tibiae with

series of longer darker dorsal setae toward tips; middle

tibia (Figure 69) with a strong antero- and posterodorsal paired near basal third, 4 or 5 longer slender dorsal

setae on distal half, a crest of 6 or 7 ventral setae along

distal half of which those toward ends are progressively

shorter; hind tibia with 4 or 5 long stout posterodorsals,

alternate ones paired with anterodorsals, basal anterodorsal large, others smaller, 6-7 rather long slender

setae anteroventrally. Foretarus (Figure 66) with segments 1 and 2 compressed, lengths of segments from

base as 5-2-2-2-3; middle tarsus as 6-3-3-3-3; hind

tarsus as 6-7-6-4-4, segment 1 with a few distinct posteroventral setae.
NUMBER 2 5 25

Wing (Figure 68) elongate oval, hind margin evenly

rounded, anal angle not prominent, wing clear, veins

yellowish brown; vein 2 nearly straight, diverging from

vein 3 from near base; veins 3 and 4 essentially

straight, diverging from base; crossvein perpendicular

to vein 5, three-fourths as long as last part of vein 5;

vein 6 represented by slight fold lying near anal margin. Halter pale.

Abdomen slightly longer than thorax, cylindrical,

somewhat compressed, segments 1 and 2 yellow with

white pollen above, other segments blackish with black

pollen; setae brown; sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen,

brown, bearing a pair of small brown triangular lamellae ; each lamella with many short pale hairs.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but lower face about as

wide as antennal segment 1, eye facets not enlarged;

setae of thorax brownish; hind leg mostly brownish

with yellow trochanter, knee, and basitarsus; ventral

setae of forefemur and most tibial setae present,

middle tibia without ventral crest of setae on distal

half; crossvein of wing longer in comparison to last

part of vein 5; abdomen wholly blackish.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Hidalgo, just north of Chapulhuacan, on

moist rock face above roadside spring, 13 August 1962,

H. Robinson (USNM 70298). Paratypes: same data

as holotype, 2 $ ; same locality, 10 May 1963, 2 $

and 2 9 ; San Luis Potosi, small ravine a few km south

of Tamazunchale, on surface of moist limestone, 4-14

August 1962, 1 $ and 6 9 ; El Sal to, on limestone deposits below upper falls, 9 May 1963, 7 $ and 3 9 ;

Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, on moist rocks in

ravines and by waterfalls, 12-16 May 1963, 5 $ and

3 9 ; Chiapas, near Bochil, 23 May 1963, 2 9 ; about

10 km south of Pichucalco, wet shaded roadside ledge,

24 May 1963, 8 $ ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The yellow base of the male abdomen is

thoroughly distinctive. The female is difficult to distinguish from that of E. setosa.

Enlinia setosa, new species

FIGURES 70-73

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front light metallic green, former dulled with

grayish pollen, front with more brownish pollen; eyes

essentially contiguous below, anterior facets enlarged.

Palpus and proboscis yellowish brown. Antenna black,

segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic bluish green, grayish pollen toward

sides; setae brown with pale reflections; about 5 pairs

of small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind

pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin evenly

rounded, bristles slightly nearer middle than sides.

Legs dark yellowish, distal segments of tarsi brown;

setae mostly brownish. Forecoxa with pale hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 73) with series of about 9

stout black setae along anteroventral surface; middle

femur with single slender erect anteroventral seta at

base; middle and hind femora with somewhat stronger

anteroventrals near tips; foretibia (Figure 73) with

series of small but distinct black dorsals; middle tibia

with strong antero- and posterodorsal paired near basal

third, crest of 6 short but stout ventrals along distal

half, setae in middle of crest longer; hind tibia (Figure

72) with 5 strong black posterodorsals, the 1st paired

with a large anterodorsal, the 3rd and 5th paired with

smaller anterodorsals, numerous very long irregular

setae along ventral surface. Foretarsus with segments 1

and 2 compressed and broad, segment 3 bearing small

black spicule, lengths of segments from base as

8-4-3-3-5; middle tarsus as 10-7-6-5-6, segment 1 with

small ventral seta at base; hind tarsus as 12-14-12-9-8,

segment 1 with a few longer setae posteroventrally.

Wing (Figure 70) essentially as in E. fasciata. Halter

deep yellowish.

Abdomen (Figure 71) slightly longer than thorax,

cylindrical, somewhat curved, blackish or brownish

with slight violet reflections; sternites without auxiliary

genitalia. Hypopygium small, partially immersed in

tip of preabdomen, brown, bearing small hairy

lamellae below.

FEMALE.—Similar to male with face narrow but distinct to mouth, eye facets not enlarged; ventral setae of

the forefemur and dorsals of tibiae present, ventral

crest of middle tibia absent, ventral setae on hind tibia

rather long but distinctly shorter than in male; crossvein of wing somewhat longer in relation to last part

of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Guerrero, near Tierra Colorada, rocky stream

margin in shaded ravine, 29 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70299). Paratypes: same data as holotype,

15 <J and 14 9 ; Guerrero, near Taxco, 28 May 1963,

1 9 ; all collected by H. Robinson.
26 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

NOTE.—The species is nearest E. fasciata but lacks

the yellow base of the abdomen and has very long

ventral setae on the hind tibiae. The female seems to

differ from that of E. fasciata by the lack of the color

pattern of the hind leg, dark brown with yellow joints.

Also, the middle tibia is without the more distal dorsal

setae, and the crossvein is generally longer in relation

to the last part of the fifth vein.

VI. Enlinia flavicornis Group

The group is established for the single species having

yellow antennae, five or six pairs of dorsocentrals, many

distinct dorsal setae on the hind tibia, but no specialized ventral setae on the forefemur. The lateral margins of the male fifth tergite are pointed and yellow.

Structurally modified tergites have not been observed

in other groups of Enlinia.

Enlinia flavicornis, new species

FIGURES 88-90

MALE.—Length 0.9 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Front metallic dark green; face obliterated by contiguous eyes below, anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus

and proboscis yellowish. Antenna yellow, segment 3

blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic green dulled with grayish pollen, pleura more brown; setae yellowish; 4 pairs of

small acrostichals; 5 pairs of rather small dorsocentrals, hind pairs larger; scutellum hind margin rather

strongly rounded at tip, brisdes about as near sides as

middle.

Legs yellow; setae mostly black. Forecoxa with pale

setae anteriorly; femora without evident ventral setae,

dorsal setae more evident; foretibia with 1 dorsal near

middle; middle tibia with dark posterodorsal near

basal fourth paired with very small pale anterodorsal;

hind tibia with 4 posterodorsals, basal 2 paired with

smaller anterodorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 89) with

segments 1, 2, and 3 broad, 3rd with rather distal

ventral seta, segments 4 and 5 slender, lengths of segments from base as 8-6-6-6-4; middle tarsus as 9-7-6-5-

6; hind tarsus as 10-12-7-6-5.

Wing (Figure 90) elliptical as reconstructed from

much folded wing of specimen; vein 2 rather evenly

arched near costa at base, hardly turning forward at

tip; vein 3 ending just before wing tip; crossvein threefifths as long as last part of vein 5. Knob of halter

yellow.

Abdomen (Figure 88) somewhat shorter than

thorax, brown; lower margins of tergite 5 pointed and

yellowish with fine marginal hairs; sternites without

auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, mostly recessed

in tip of preabdomen, with small reflexed pale lamellae.

FEMALE.—Generally dark, setae dark with pale reflections. Face distinct below, as wide as antennal segment 1; antenna dusky yellow. Six pairs of dorsocentrals. Foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from base

as 10-5-5-5-6. Wing crossvein two-thirds to threefourths as long as last of vein 5.

TYPE-DATE.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Hidalgo, just north of Chapulhuacan, on wet

rock face above roadside spring, 10 May 1963, H.

Robinson (USNM 70300). Paratype: same data as

holotype, 1 5 .

NOTES.—Strong setae on the tibiae, a reduced number of dorsocentrals, and general wing venation indicate possible close relationship to E. armata and its

allies. The relationship, however, is not sufficiently close

to place E. flavicornis in the E. armata group. The

chaetotaxy of the hind tibia is not the same as in E.

armata, and the forefemur lacks the ventral spicules

evident in both sexes of that group. The yellow antennae and modified lateral margins of the fifth abdominal

tergite in E. flavicornis seem to be totally distinctive

characters.

VII. Enlinia tibialis Group

The single species placed in the group differs from

others having large setae on the hind tibia by these setae

being mostly anterodorsal.

Enlinia tibialis, new species

FIGURES 91-96

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Front slightly over twice as wide as high, dulled with

brown pollen; face narrowed below, eyes essentially

contiguous in lower half, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic dark green with slight pollen,

pleura more brown; setae dark with pale reflections; 6

pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentrals,
NUMBER 2 5 27

hind pair rather long; scutellum hind margin broadly

and evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brown with trochanters and basal 2 segments

of fore tarsus rather pale; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa

with numerous dark hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 93) with a long erect slender seta ventrally at base,

7 or 8 rather erect setae as long as width of tibia along

ventral surface; middle femur (Figure 94) with a very

slender rather erect seta anteroventrally near base; hind

femur (Figure 92) with about 8 stiff erect setae along

posteroventral surface; foretibia (Figure 93) apparently without any long ventral seta at tip; middle tibia

(Figure 94) with a small but rather distinct posterodorsal near basal third, a number of stiff short erect

setae ventrally at tip; hind tibia (Figure 91) with a

series of usually 5 strong anterodorsals, 2 or 3 somewhat smaller posterodorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 93)

with segments 1 and 2 rather compressed, 3rd flattened

and ending in sharp point anteriorly, with distinct black

seta posteriorly, segment 4 and especially 5 slightly

flattened, lengths of segments from base as 10-4-5-7-8;

middle tarsus as 12-7-5-4-6; hind tarsus as 11-12-

8-6-7.

Wing (Figure 96) rather broadly elliptical with

prominently rounded anal margin, clear to brownish

tinged; vein 2 evenly arched, curved slightly forward at

tip; vein 3 ending slightly before wing tip; crossvein

two-thirds to three-fourths as long as last of vein 5.

Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 95) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, brownish with black pollen above; sternites

without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown; lamellae grayish

brown, very narrowly long-triangular, ending in 2 or 3

long black setae nearly as long as the lamellae, slender

setae of decreasing length born toward base along outer

margin, erect pale hairs along inner margin; inner appendages pale brown, curved with blunt tips.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Chiapas,

about 10 km south of Pichucalco, on wet ledges by road,

24 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70301). Paratypes : same data as holotype, 3 $ .

NOTES.—The setose tibiae seem most similar to those

of the E. elongata group. The ventrals on the forefemur

resemble those of the E. armata group, though not as

strong. The species is most obviously distinct in the

hypopygial lamellae and the chaetotaxy of the hind

tibia. On the hind tibia the anterodorsals form a series

and posterodorsals are few and scattered, the reverse of

the usual situation.

VIII. Enlinia elongata Group

The group is established for two relatively large species

having an unusually broad female face and large dorsal

setae on the hind tibia, and lacking a series of distinct

ventral setae on the forefemur.

Enlinia elongata, new species

FIGURES 97-103

MALE.—Length 1.4 mm; wing 1.7 mm by 0.62 mm.

Front metallic dark bluish with brown pollen; face

(Figure 101) narrowed below, with grayish pollen;

eyes contiguous or nearly contiguous in lower half, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long

as face.

Mesoscutum dark metallic green with slight yellowish pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark with pale

reflections; 6-8 pairs of acrostichals, a few hind pairs

longer; 6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs rather

long; scutellum hind margin rather broadly and evenly

rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brown with pale trochanters, often basitarsi or

even tibiae paler; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with

some prominent dark hairs anteriorly; fore- and middle femur with small slender erect seta ventrally at

base; hind femur with a few scattered short black setae

ventrally toward base; fore- and middle tibiae in

dried material rather broad and flattened; middle tibia

(Figure 100) with rather long reclining hairs on most

surfaces, hairs more crowded ventrally, many very

short stout erect black setae ventrally toward the tip;

hind tibia with usually 5-7 small but distinct posterodorsals, 3 or 4 similar but more widely spaced anterodorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 99) with segments 1 and 2

rather compressed, 2nd with acute projection on distal

hind corner, segment 3 slightly asymmetric, flattened

with stout black hooked seta posteriorly beyond the

middle, segments 4 and especially 5 rather flattened,

lengths of segments from base as 12-6-5-6-10; middle

tarsus as 14-9-8-5-10, segment 5 somewhat enlarged

and flattened; hind tarsus as 15-14-12-9-11.

Wing (Figure 97) elliptical, hind margin evenly

rounded, rather clear; vein 2 slightly more arched in

basal half, only slightly curved forward at tip; vein 3
28 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

curving slightly and evenly back in distal half; crossvein about as long as last of vein 5. Knob of halter

brown or black.

Abdomen (Figure 103) slightly longer than thorax,

cylindrical, blackish with violet reflections, setae dark;

sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown with small

pale brown short-pubescent lamellae below, with a

pair of long pale flattened tapering and apically

hooked armatures extending forward.

FEMALE.—Similar to male in general body form and

in chaetotaxy of hind tibia, but face (Figure 102) very

broad below, as wide as antennal segment 3 and covered with brown pollen; forecoxa with weaker and

generally paler hairs; femora without distinctive ventral setae; middle tibia plain with pair of very small

dorsals; foretarsus plain, segments as 17-6-6-5-9; wing

(Figure 98) larger and generally laxer in build, crossvein slightly longer than last of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype 6 and allotype $ from

Mexico: Oaxaca, Sierra Juarez, Route 175, 104 km

marker, by stream and pools among rocks, wet shaded

rocky ravine in rain forest area, 19 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70302). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 2 S and 3 $ ; all collected H. Robinson.

NOTES.—The females cited above might be either

this or the next species, E. chaetophora. Distinctions

between females of the two are not clear at present.

Each of the four females is slightly different in wing

venation, chaetotaxy of the hind tibia, or in other

characters, and I don't know which differences might

be significant. With the different general appearance

of the male and female wings and the broad female

face in comparison to the contiguous eyes of the male,

it is possible the females are some other species entirely. Since the females were collected at the same site

and agree in size, setae of the hind tibia, and in general wing venation, however, there is a strong indication of conspecificity.

The larger size is reminiscent of the E. montana

group. Actual relationship seems closer to E. armata

and its relatives, which nevertheless differ by having

distinctive ventral setae on the forefemur.

Enlinia chaetophora, new species

FIGURES 104-107

MALE.—Length 1.4 mm; wing 1.5 mm by 0.6 mm.

Head, thorax, and wing essentially as in E. elongata,

but only 7 pairs of dorsocentrals seen; wings much

folded and not completely observable.

Legs dark brown with trochanters slightly paler;

setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with some prominent dark

hairs anteriorly; fore- and middle femora with a small

erect ventral near base; hind femur (Figure 107) with

about 9 stout long black bristles along posteroventral

surface; middle tibia (Figure 106) with rather long

hairs, denser pubescence ventrally with a series of very

short stout erect black setae near tip; hind tibia with

usually 4 or 5 small but distinct posterodorsals, 3

smaller more widely spaced rather indistinct anterodorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 105) with segments 1 and 2

rather compressed, segment 3 flattened with very short

stout thorn posteriorly near base, segment 5 rather

flattened, lengths of segments from base as 8-6-6-6-8;

middle tarsus as 12-7-7-6-8, segment 5 somewhat enlarged and flattened; hind tarsus as 12-12-9-7-8.

Abdomen (Figure 104) slightly longer than thorax,

cylindrical, becoming broader distally, blackish with

violet reflections, setae dark; sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of abdomen, brown; lamellae small, brown, short-pubescent,

with small black hook on inner surface; a pair of long

curved yellowish flattened and distally somewhat enlarged armatures projecting forward.

FEMALE.—Not seen or not distinguished from E.

elongata.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Sierra Juarez, Route 175, 104 km marker, by stream

and pools among rocks, wet shaded rocky ravine in rain

forest area, 19 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM

70303). Paratype: same data as holotype, 1 <5.

NOTE.—The species is closely related to E. elongata,

which occurred in the same locality. Enlinia chaetophora is most easily distinguished by the stout black

setae ventrally on the male hind femur. The females

are not obviously distinct as indicated in the discussion

of E. elongata.

IX. Enlinia halteralis Group

The single species has a characteristically operculiform

hypopygial capsule along with a yellow halter, six pairs

of dorsocentrals, and few or no distinct dorsal setae on

the tibiae.
NUMBER 25 29

Enlinia halteralis, new species

FIGURES 108-111

MALE.—Length 0.9 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face narrowed below, eyes contiguous in lower half,

anterior eye facets much enlarged. Palpus and proboscis

dark. Antenna brown, segment 3 blunt, arista nearly

twice as long as face.

Thorax dark metallic greenish above, more brown

on pleura; setae dark with pale reflections; about 5

pairs of small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals,

hind pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin evenly

rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs yellowish; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with

rather light-brown hairs anteriorly; middle trochanter

with small ventral seta; femora without evident distinctive ventral setae; foretibia with long slender erect

ventral seta at tip; hind tibia with 1 small but distinct

dorsal at tip. Fore tarsus (Figure 109) with segments

1 and 2 rather broad and laterally compressed, each

bearing a long seta anteriorly, 1st also bearing small

anterior spicule and many erect slender hairs, segment

3 strongly curved with distinct hooked seta ventrally,

segments 4 and 5 slender, lengths of segments from base

as 7-4-4-4-6; middle tarsus as 9-5-4-3-3; hind tarsus (Figure 110) as 9-12-5-4-4, in dried specimen

apical segments strongly recurved, segment 3 with a

few slightly longer setae.

Wing (Figure 108) rather broadly elliptical with

gradually and evenly rounded hind margin; vein 2

slightly and evenly arched, curving only slightly forward at tip, rather close to costa throughout; vein 3

ending just before wing tip; crossvein half as long as

last of vein 5. Halter yellow.

Abdomen (Figure 111) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical with downward curve, brown with slight

blackish pollen above; sternite 4 with pair of distinct

short black setae in middle of hind margin, without

other indications of auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

small, showing operculum-like structure that would

cap tip of preabdomen, brown, with a pair of broad

brown armatures ending anteriorly in a broad hyaline

wing, very small short-haired lamellae below.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Chiapas,

sierra above Arriaga, from rocks in shaded roadside

ravine, 21 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70304).

NOTE.—The only other species known having a yellow halter are ones with distinct dorsal setae on the

hind tibia. The species is also rather distinct in the

operculum-like form of the hypopygial capsule. A character that might be useful in determination of the female is the second wing vein lying close to the costa.

X. Enlinia montana Group

The five species of the group were all collected in the

same locality at much higher elevation than any other

Enlinia species. The species include the largest known

in the genus. A few species have males with relatively

wide faces. The wings are of a rather distinct slightly

opaque texture. The second wing vein, which bulges

prominently inward from the costa, resembles that

of the possibly related E. simplex group.

Enlinia montana, new species

FIGURES 112-114

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.5 mm by 0.6 mm.

Front dark metallic green, covered with brown pollen; face narrowed below but distinct to mouth, clypeus half as broad as antennal segment 1, with

grayish pollen and slight green tinges; anterior facets

of eyes not notably enlarged. Palpus and proboscis

dark. Antennae blackish, segment 3 slightly conical,

arista nearly twice as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic bluish with slight yellowish

pollen, pleura more brownish; setae brownish with

pale reflections; about 5 pairs of small acrostichals; 6

pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind pairs rather long;

scutellum hind margin evenly rounded, bristles as near

each other as to sides.

Legs brown with trochanters pale; setae mostly dark.

Forecoxa with sparse pale hairs anteriorly; forefemur

with a distinct row of rather short erect anteroventral

setae, basal one longest; middle femur with about 10

longer erect slender anteroventral setae, basal one

longest; hind femur with 2 or 3 short anteroventrals

besides usual apical series; tibiae essentially plain,

hind tibia with 2 or 3 very small dorsals.

Foretarsus (Figure 112) with segment 1 long and

slender, segment 2 short and flattened, 3 with small

ventral spicule, segment 5 much enlarged, lengths of

segments from base as 7-4-4-4-6; middle tarsus as 11-

7-5-4-7, segment 5 slightly broadened; hind tarsus as

12-11-9-7-7, segment 5 slightly broadened.

Wing (Figure 113) rather oblong oval with rather

broadly rounded tip and evenly rounded anal margin,
30

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

of a translucent granular texture; vein 2 evenly and

distinctly arched, curving distinctly forward at tip;

vein 3 subtly sinuous, straight or with a slight forward curve at tip, ending slightly before wing tip;

crossvein about as long as last of vein 5. Knob of halter

brown.

Abdomen (Figure 114) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical with very slight flaring distally, brown;

sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown, with brownish-pubescent short narrow lamellae appressed to the

long smooth brown inner appendages.

FEMALE.—Not seen or not distinguished from E.

latifacies.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Cerro San Felipe above Oaxaca, about 2500 m, in

rocky stream in cloud forest area, 20 May 1963,

H. Robinson (USNM 70305). Paratypes: same data

as holotype, 12 $ .

NOTE.—Enlinia montana is one of three species in

the group having a relatively broad face in the male.

From both of the others it is easily distinguished by the

rather simple structure of the foretarsus.

Enlinia angustifacies, new species

FIGURES 118-122

MALE.—Length 1.1 mm; wing 1.45-1.50 mm by

0.6 mm. Face and front dark metallic green; front with

brownish pollen; face (Figure 118) extremely narrow

below but distinct to mouth; anterior eye facets somewhat enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna

blackish, segment 3 blunt, arista nearly twice as long

as face.

Mesoscutum metallic bluish, nearly obscured by pollen ; setae dark with pale reflections; 6 or 7 pairs of very

small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, the hind

pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin rather

sharply rounded in middle, bristles as near each other

as sides.

Legs brown with trochanters pale; setae mostly dark.

Forecoxa with small brownish hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 119) with short slender setae along posteroventral surface; middle femur (Figure 121) with

long erect slender ventral near base anteroventrally,

with about 8 long black rather erect setate along posteroventral surface; fore- (Figure 119) and middle

tibiae plain; hind tibia with 2 or 3 small indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 119) with segments 1 and 2

compressed, 3 slightly asymmetric with a small spicule

on each side, segments 4 and especially 5 broader and

flattened, lengths of segments from base as 8-4-6-5-6;

middle tarsus as 10-8-6-4-6, segment 5 slightly enlarged; hind tarsus as 11-12-8-6-6, segment 5 scarcely

flattened.

Wing (Figure 120) elliptical with rather broadly

rounded apex and evenly rounded anal margin, of a

translucent granular texture; vein 2 evenly arched, distinctly curved forward at tip; vein 3 straight or slightly

curved forward at tip, ending just before wing tip;

crossvein three-fourths as long as last of vein 5. Knob

of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 122) about as long as thorax, cylindrical, brown, nearly covered with blackish pollen

above; sternites without auxiliary genitalia or distinctive setae ventrally. Hypopygium small, capping tip of

preabdomen, brown, with a pair of narrowly triangular brown lamellae each bearing 6 or more long

slender curving marginal setae; inner appendages pale

and slender, about as long as lamellae.

FEMALE.—Not seen or not distinguished from E.

latifacies.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Cerro San Felipe above Oaxaca, about 2500 m, in

rocky stream in cloud forest area, 20 May 1963, collected in early morning, H. Robinson (USNM 70306).

Paratype: same data as holotype, 1 $ .

NOTE.—The legs with the relatively simple foretarsus and the wings with the shape of the third vein are

most like E. montana, but the narrow face, fringed

middle femur, smaller fifth segments of the tarsi, and

details of the genitalia are different.

Enlinia maxima, new species

FIGURES 128-130

MALE.—Length 1.4 mm; wing 1.8 mm by 0.7 mm.

Face and front covered with brown pollen, face distinct to mouth with lower half as broad as antennal

segment 1; anterior facets of eyes not enlarged. Palpus

and proboscis dark. Antenna dark brown, segment 3

slightly conical, arista almost half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum strongly convex, metallic dark blue

nearly obscured by black pollen; setae dark with pale

reflections; 7 pairs of very small acrostichals; 6 pairs

of dorsocentrals, the hind pairs rather long; scutellum

hind margin gradually and evenly rounded, bristles

distinctly closer to middle than sides.
NUMBER 2 5 31

Legs brown with pale trochanters; setae mostly dark.

Forecoxa with sparse light-brown hairs anteriorly;

fore- and middle femora each with an erect slender

ventral seta near base; hind femur with a lax group

of long slender setae along distal half of posterior surface; middle tibia with more erect hairs ventrally toward tip; hind tibia with 1 dorsal near tip. Foretarsus

(Figure 128) with segment 1 thick, cylindrical, segment 2 short and thick with prominent hook ventrally,

3 fan-shaped, 4 slender, 5 rather broad and flat distally, lengths of segments from base as 12-6-6-7-10;

middle tarsus as 15-11-9-7-8; hind tarsus as 17-

15-14-11-12.

Wing (Figure 130) elliptical with rather broadly

rounded apex and evenly rounded anal margin, of a

translucent granular texture; vein 2 slightly and evenly

arched, distinctly curved forward at tip; vein 3 ending

in wing apex; crossvein about as long as last part of

vein 5. Knob of halter brown.

Abdomen (Figure 129) slightly longer than thorax

cylindrical with flaring tip, brown with slight brown

pollen toward base; tergite 5 broad with prominent

rounded lower edges; sternites 3 and 4 somewhat enlarged, bearing some long sinuous black setae, without

auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium large and rather globular, brown; lamellae long and narrow, black with

many stiff black hairs on hind margin, a few longer

black setae near tip, with 4 long stout pale setae of

which the longest is apical and 3 are on the hind

margin.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Cerro San Felipe above Oaxaca, about 2500 m, in

rocky stream in cloud forest area, 20 May 1963, collected in early morning, H. Robinson (USNM 70307).

NOTE.—The species is the largest known in the

genus Enlinia. The relatively large hypopygium is

more reminiscent of the genus Harmstonia.

Enlinia latifacies, new species

FIGURES 115-117

MALE.—Length 1.2 mm; wing 1.6 mm by 0.63 mm.

Front dark greenish with brown pollen; face distinct

to mouth with lower half as broad as antennal segment

1, metallic green with grayish pollen which is thicker

on clypeus; anterior eye facets not enlarged. Palpus

and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt,

arista nearly twice as long as face.

Mesoscutum dark metallic green with slight pollen,

pleura more brown; setae dark with pale reflections;

5-7 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin

rather bluntly pointed in middle, bristles nearer each

other than sides.

Legs brown with pale trochanters; setae dark. Forecoxa with sparse hairs anteriorly; all femora with a row

of short slender setae along posteroventral surface,

forefemur (Figure 117) with small slender ventral near

base; foretibia (Figure 117) with slender erect ventral

setae near tip; hind tibia with 2 or 3 small indistinct

dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 117) with all segments

broad and rather flattened, segment 3 very broad and

flat, asymmetric with short stout spicule on posterior

margin, lengths of segments from base as 9-5-6-7-10;

middle tarsus as 14-8-7-5-7, last segment only

slightly broadened; hind tarsus as 14-14-10-7-8, last

segment not broadened.

Wing (Figure 115) oblong-oval with rather broadly

rounded apex and evenly rounded anal margin, of a

translucent granular texture; vein 2 slightly and evenly

arched, distinctly curved forward at tip; vein 3 straight

to slightly curved forward at tip, ending just before

wing apex; crossvein about as long as last of vein 5.

Knob of halter brown.

Abdomen (Figure 116) as long as or slightly longer

than thorax, cylindrical, slightly flaring distally, brown

dulled with brownish pollen; sternite 4 with a pair of

distinct short black setae in middle of hind margin.

Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown;

lamellae brown, short and broad with blunt apical half

sometimes reflexed, bearing a fringe of long pale curved

setae distally; inner appendages very slender, subapically constricted with 2 very small setae near tip.

FEMALE.—Similar to male but face slightly wider,

nearly as wide as antennal segment 3; femora and foretibia without evident ventral setae; foretarsus plain,

lengths of segments from base as 10-6-5-5-8.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S and allotype 2 from Mexico: Oaxaca, Cerro San Felipe above Oaxaca, about

2500 m, in rocky stream in cloud forest area, 20 May

1963, collected in early morning, H. Robinson (USNM

70308). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 9$, 15 9,

and 1 <?•

NOTES.—The species seems closest to E. montana

with which it and other members of the group were

found, but the foretarsus is more ornate, the last segments of the middle and hind tarsi are less enlarged,
32 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

the fourth sternite has distinct setae on the hind margin, and the hypopygial appendages are different. One

specimen showed the typical hypopygium and abdominal sternites of the male but the legs, head, and body

of a female. Females listed may include some of E.

montana for which I can see no possible distinctions.

Enlinia media, new species

FIGURES 123-127

MALE.—Length 1.1 mm; wing 1.5 mm by 0.6 mm.

Front with brown pollen; face narrowed below, eyes

essentially contiguous in lower half; anterior eye facets

somewhat enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna blackish, segment 3 blunt, arista half again as

long as face.

Mesoscutum dark with green reflections, dulled with

brownish pollen, pleura more brown; setae brownish

with pale reflections; about 5 pairs of small acrostichals; 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs rather long;

scutellum hind margin more strongly rounded in middle, rather pointed, bristles as near each other as sides.

Legs light brown with yellow trochanters; setae

brownish with pale reflections. Forecoxa with pale

brownish setae anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 124) with

long erect ventral seta at base and 7-9 rather short

erect setae along anteroventral surface; middle femur

(Figure 126) with rather strong erect anteroventral

seta near base, a row of rather reclining setae along

posteroventral surface; foretibia (Figure 124) with

rather longer erect hairs dorsally near base, a long

slender erect ventral seta near tip; middle tibia (Figure 126) covered with distinct erect pubescence; hind

tibia with 2 or 3 small dorsals. Foretarsus (Figures 124,

125) with segment 1 thickened and wider distally, 2

bearing a very long or stout seta and a stiff ventral

hook, 3 flattened and nearly discoid, 4 and 5 slightly

flattened, lengths of segments from base as 10-6-6-5-9;

middle tarsus as 13-7-7-6-7; hind tarsus as

14-15-12-9-8.

Wing (Figure 127) rather oblong-oval with rather

broadly rounded tip and evenly rounded anal margin,

of a translucent granular texture; vein 2 evenly and

distinctly arched, curving distinctly forward at tip; vein

3 curving slightly backward and ending at extremity

of wing; crossvein about as long as last of vein 5. Knob

of halter brown.

Abdomen (Figure 123) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical with very slight flare distally, brown with

slight blackish pollen above; sternites without auxiliary

genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown, with rather large brown triangular setiferous lamellae and a group of long pale slender curving inner appendages.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Cerro San Felipe above Oaxaca, about 2500 m, in

rocky stream in cloud forest area, 20 May 1963, collected in early morning, H. Robinson (USNM 70309).

NOTE.—The only other species in the group having

a narrow face in the male is E. angustifacies, which differs by the relatively simple foretarsus. Enlinia maxima

and E. latijacies, which have a similar foretarsus, differ by the broader face.

XI. Enlinia scutitarsis Group

The single species included in the group is very distinctive in the pair of large setae on the base of the male

middle femur, and by the greatly enlarged male hind

basitarsus. The species seems related to those in the

E. seticauda group by the rather strong dorsal seta on

the middle tibia.

Enlinia scutitarsis, new species

FIGURES 131-135

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.1 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic bluish, with blackish pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets

considerably enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3 short and broad, blunt, arista

half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic dark greenish black with violet

tinges, dulled by slight pollen, pleura more blackish;

setae dark; 7 or 8 pairs of small acrostichals, hind pairs

longer and farther apart; 7 or 8 pairs of small dorsocentrals, hind pairs quite long; scutellum hind margin

strongly but evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as

middle.

Bases of coxae dark, distal halves of coxae with trochanters and bases of femora pale, legs otherwise yellowish brown or brownish; setae mostly dark. Foreand middle coxae with short hairs anteriorly; forefemur

(Figure 132) slender, with rather long slender erect

seta below near base, otherwise plain; middle femur

(Figure 133) with 2 or 3 rather strong setae below near

base, at least 1 anteroventrally and 1 posteroventrally;
NUMBER 25 33

hind femur broad without distinctive setae; foretibia

(Figure 132) slender, widened a.% tip, with rather long

ventral seta near tip; middle tibia (Figure 133) curved

in middle, flattened below on distal half, flattened part

bearing row of strong erect setae, anterior edge with a

comb of erect setae near middle, tip with a comb of

anteriorly directed setae, 1 long dorsal near basal third;

hind tibia rather thickened with small but distinct dorsal setae near base and basal third, a larger seta near

tip. Foretarsus (Figure 132) with segments 1 and 2

compressed, 3 inserted toward dorsal edge of 2nd and

broadened distally, 4 inserted in slightly retuse tip of

3rd, lengths of segments from base as 9-4-3-3-6; middle

tarsus as 10-6-4-4-5; hind tarsus (Figure 134) as

9-10-8-6-7, segment 1 flattened, nearly as wide as long,

rather concave anteriorly with comb of very long

curved setae on dorsal edge, segment 2 hollowed out

and very flat on basal half anteriorly, with rather long

setae below on the expanded tip.

Wing (Figure 131) rather oval, with rather prominently rounded anal margin, with slight brownish

tinge, veins brown; vein 2 rather evenly arched, curving distinctly forward at tip; veins 3 and 4 nearly

straight and diverging from near base; crossvein nearly

perpendicular to vein 4, slightly shorter than last of

vein 5; vein 6 represented by slight fold lying near anal

margin. Halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 135) longer than thorax, cylindrical, rather compressed, dull brownish; sternites without

evident auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, extending only slightly forward below, brown, bearing a pair of narrow dark

lamellae each with numerous short rather pale setae.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but lower part of face

nearly as broad as antennal segment 1; legs plain, without distinctive setae on femora or ventrally on fore- or

middle tibiae, middle tibia with distinct dorsal; lengths

of segments of foretarsus from base as 4-3-2-2-4, hind

tarsus as 7-7-5-4-5 with slightly longer setae anterodorsally on segments 1 and 2; abdomen slightly

flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, on twigs

and rocks by waterfall, in shaded rocky roadside ravine, 12-16 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70310).

Paratypes: same data as holotype, 25 6 and 9 $ ;

same locality as holotype, 20-21 December 1962, 6 $

and 3 9 ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The hind tarsus and the setae on the base

of the male middle femur are unlike any other known

species of Enlinia.

XII. Enlinia seticauda Group

The two species of the group are very different in many

characters, but they share two features, a strong dorsal

seta on the middle tibia, and a distinct ventral seta at

the base of the male hind femur.

Enlinia seticauda, new species

FIGURES 136-139

MALE.—Length 1.3 mm; wing 1.3 mm by 0.6 mm.

Front dark metallic bluish with some brownish pollen;

eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets somewhat enlarged. Palpus and proboscis brown. Antenna

brown to yellowish brown, segment 3 slightly conical

to blunt, arista only slightly longer than face.

Thorax metallic dark green above, more brownish

or yellowish brown on pleura, with slight pollen; setae

long , dark; 7 or 8 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 pairs

of dorsocentrals slightly larger than acrostichals; scutellum hind margin with middle bluntly pointed, bristles

widely separated.

Legs rather pale with bases of fore- and hind coxae

and most of middle coxa brownish; setae mostly dark.

Fore- and middle coxae with short dark hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 138) nearly bare below, a

long slender erect seta below at base; middle femur

without distinct ventral setae near base; hind femur

(Figure 139) with a few short black ventral setae near

base; foretibia (Figure 138) rather thick, with a long

slender erect seta ventrally at tip; middle tibia with a

very short anterodorsal and a longer posterodorsal near

basal third; hind tibia slightly thickened, with small

anterodorsals near base, second fifth, and tip, the last

rather strong, small posterodorsal near basal third, row

of ventral hairs rather long. Foretarsus (Figure 138)

with segments 1 and 2 broad, 2 with flat rather bare

outer surface, a few long setae posterodorsally, truncate

apically with segment 3 attached at apex dorsally, 3

slightly broadened with segment 4 attached on slightly

retuse apex, lengths of segments from base as 6-4-2-3-4;

middle tarsus as 6-4-3-2-4; hind tarsus as 6-7-5-4-4.

Wing (Figure 136) rather oval with gradually and

evenly rounded hind margin, with slight brownish

tinge, veins brown; vein 2 slightly sinuous, slightly
34 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

curved forward at tip; veins 3 and 4 slightly diverging

throughout length; crossvein nearly perpendicular to

costa, slightly shorter than last of vein 5; vein 6 represented by slight fold lying near anal margin. Halter

blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 137) longer than thorax, cylindrical, dull brownish; sternites without evident auxiliary

genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen and extending slightly forward below, brown,

bearing a pair of rather pale oblong lamellae each of

which bears 2 very long stout black apical bristles.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

above Rio Valle Nacional, wet rock surface by roadside waterfall, 18 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM

70311). Paratype: same locality as holotype, 21 Dec.

1962, U .

NOTE.—The species is named for its distinctive hypopygial lamella, which bears two very strong black bristles apically.

Enlinia ramosa, new species

FIGURES 140-144

MALE.—Length 0.9 mm; wing 1.1 mm by about 0.5

mm. Front about twice as wide as high, dark brownish

with thin brown pollen; eyes contiguous or nearly so

in lower half, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista half

again as long as face.

Mesoscutum dark greenish dulled with pollen, more

brown on pleura; setae dark with pale reflections; 6

pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentrals,

hind pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin broadly

and evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs yellowish to light brown, with trochanters and

bases of tarsi paler; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with

small mostly pale hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure

142) with a long slender erect seta anteroventrally at

base, a few very small slender more reclining setae

along ventral edge; middle femur (Figure 143) with

a long erect slender seta anteroventrally at base, a few

short black progressively shorter setae ventrally near

middle; hind femur (Figure 144) with a long curved

retrorse black seta ventrally at base; foretibia (Figure

142) with a long slender black seta anteroventrally at

tip; middle tibia (Figure 143) with small but distinct

anterodorsal and a large posterodorsal paired near basal

third, a series of rather long hairs along middle of posteroventral surface; hind tibia with 1 antero- and 2

posterodorsals in basal half all small but distinct, a

somewhat larger posterodorsal near tip. Foretarsus

(Figure 142) with segments 1 and 2 rather compressed,

1st rather shaggy with long hairs, 3 flattened with distinct small black seta anteriorly and a small shortpubescent apical lobe posteriorly, segments 4 and 5

somewhat flattened, lengths of segments from base as

9.3-3-6-7; middle tarsus as 8-6-5-4-6; hind tarsus as

9-10-7-5-6.

Wing (Figure 140) greatly folded in dried specimen, but as reconstructed, elliptical with evenly

rounded hind margin, clear; vein 2 evenly arched,

curved only slightly forward at tip; vein 3 ending

slightly before wing tip; crossvein two-thirds as long as

last of vein 5. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 141) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, brown with blackish pollen above; sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium rather

large, seated on tip of preabdomen, brown with minute

whitish appendages at tip; each of the grayish-brown

lamellae large and many-branched, bearing many very

slender curved marginal and apical setae.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face distinct to

mouth, about as wide as antennal segment 1; femora

and tibiae without distinctive ventral setae; foretarsus

plain, segments from base as 10-3-3-3-5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotyle $ and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Chiapas, about 10 km south of Pichucalco,

on wet roadside ledge, 24 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70312). Paratype: Panama Canal Zone,

Gamboa, Rio Agua Salud, July 1967, 1 $, W. W.

Wirth.

NOTE.—The species is named after the distinctive

branching hypopygial lamella.

XIII. Enlinia magnicornis Group

The group is established for a single species having a

highly modified male antenna and the face of the male

broad.

Enlinia magnicornis, new species

FIGURES 145-150

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.1 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with grayish pollen, whitish pollen on clypeus; face (Figure 148) narrowed below but distinct to mouth, becoming about
NUMBER 2 5 35

half as wide as antennal segment 1; anterior facets of

eyes slightly enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna (Figure 149) with 3 segments together about as

as long as face, segment 1 somewhat yellowish, 2 and

3 black; segment 1 flaring from small base, longest

toward inside; segment 2 very broad but short, appearing as narrow setiferous rim around base of segment

3; segment 3 conical, as long as others combined, covered with dense long pale pubescence; arista apical,

short, about as long as face, with distinct joint at basal

fourth.

Mesoscutum metallic dark bluish and slightly pollinose, pleura more brown; setae dark with pale reflections; 6 or 7 pairs of small acrostichals; 7 pairs of

dorsocentrals, last pair rather long; scutellum hind

margin evenly rounded or slightly more rounded in

middle, bristles slightly to distinctly nearer middle than

sides.

Legs light brown with pale trochanters; setae mostly

dark. Forecoxa with sparse short hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 145) and middle femur (Figure 147)

with distinct slender erect seta anteroventrally near

base; middle femur with about 8 long rather erect

mostly black setae along ventral edge; foretibia (Figure 145) distinctly shorter than its femur; hind tibia

with 2 or 3 small dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 145) with

segments 1 and 2 compressed, 3 flat with large stout

seta ventrally, 4 and especially 5 broadened and flattened distally, lengths of segments from base as

6-4-5-4-6; middle tarsus as 9-6-5-4-6, segment 5

enlarged and flattened; hind tarsus as 9-10-8-6-6,

segment 5 slightly enlarged.

Wing (Figure 146) elliptical with evenly rounded

hind margin, texture slightly granular; vein 2 slightly

and evenly arched, curving distinctly forward at tip;

vein 3 rather straight at tip, ending just before tip of

wing; crossvein three-fourths as long as last part of

vein 5. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 150) about as long as thorax,

rather cylindrical, brown with blackish pollen above;

sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown, with small

triangular brownish and short-pubescent lamellae below; a pair of inner appendages very slender, yellowish.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but lower face nearly as

broad as antennal segment 3; all antennal segments

short, of near equal length, segment 3 blunt, arista half

again as long as face; femora without distinctive ventral setae; foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from

base as 9-4-3-2-6; crossvein of wing nearly as long as

last part of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype 9 from Mexico: Oaxaca, Sierra Juarez, near 104 km marker, rocky

stream margin in shaded ravine, rain forest area, about

1500 m, 19 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70313).

Paratypes: same data as holotype, 2 $ and 15 $ ;

Sierra Juarez, 100 km marker, rocks in roadside spring,

17May 1963,2 5 and 1 9.

NOTES.—The form of the male antenna in E. magnicornis is distinctive for the species. Throughout the

remainder of the known species the structure of the

antenna is quite conservative. The broad male face is

also rather distinctive, being found otherwise only in

the E. montana group. Such features as the broadly

rounded wing apex and somewhat granular wing texture, and the fringe of setae on the middle femur, suggest possible relationships to both E. montana and E.

simplex groups.

XIV. Enlinia hirtipes Group

The three species of the group all bear a slender erect

projection on the hind margin of the third adominal

sternite, and the second wing vein is rather close to the

costa. In numerous other characters the species are

very distinct from each other.

Enlinia hirtipes, new species

FIGURES 157-160

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.9 mm by 0.35 mm.

Front with some greenish color; face narrowed below,

eyes essentially contiguous in lower half, anterior eye

facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna

dark, all segments short and broad, segment 3 blunt,

arista half again as long as face.

Thorax brownish with some green color above;

setae dark with pale reflections; about 5 pairs of acrostichals; 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs longer;

scutellum hind margin evenly rounded, bristles as near

sides as middle.

Legs yellow or with femora, tibiae, or even tarsi often

rather brown; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with sparse

pale brownish hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 157)

with long slender erect ventral seta at base, other

shorter ventrals in basal half, a few short erect stiff

setae distally on posteroventral surface and many very

long pale curving hairs along anteroventral surface;
36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

middle femur (Figure 158) with many rather long

erect black ventral setae along basal half, anteroventrally with 2 or more very long stiff black setae in basal

half and 3 or 4 slender flexuous setae near tip; hind

femur plain; foretibia (Figure 157) with long erect

slender ventral seta at tip; middle tibia (Figure 158)

distinctly shorter than femur, with 10 or more rather

long stiff black ventral setae along basal two-thirds,

very long slender almost straight setae anteriorly and

a few very long slender curved hairs posteriorly; hind

tibia with 2 or 3 small indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus

(Figure 157) with segments 1 and 2 rather broad and

flat, 3 small and curved, 4 and 5 small and only slightly

flattened, lengths of segments from base as 6-3-3-3-4;

middle tarsus as 6-4-4-4-5, sometimes segments tightly

folded; hind tarsus as 7-7-6-5-4.

Wing (Figure 160) elliptical; vein 2 slightly and

evenly arched, curving slightly forward at tip, remaining closer to costa than to vein 3; vein 3 ending just

before tip of wing; crossvein about one-half to threefourths as long as last of vein 5. Knob of halter brown.

Abdomen (Figure 159) about as long as thorax;

sternite 3 with slender erect projection from near middle of hind margin. Hypopygium small, capping tip of

preabdomen, brown; with pair of small pale-brownish

short-triangular lamellae below which have a few

black apical setae; inner appendages long, hyaline,

bladelike, in resting position longer pair extending forward past projection on sternite 3.

FEMALE.—Possible female seen with head lacking,

legs plain, lengths of segments of foretarsus from base

as 8-2-2-2-3.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Chiapas,

about 10 km south of Pichucalco, on wet roadside

ledge, 24 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70314).

Allotype $ : Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, 14

May 1963. Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1 S ;

same locality as allotype, 14-16 May 1963, 14 $ ; all

collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The very numerous long setae on the foreand middle legs are unlike any other known species of

Enlinia. The large bladelike inner appendages of the

hypopygium are also rather distinctive.

Enlinia clavulifera, new species

FIGURES 154-156

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.8 mm by 0.3 mm.

Face and front metallic dark bluish, front with blackish pollen; face narrowed below, eyes contiguous in

lower half, anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus and

proboscis dark. Antenna dark brown, segment 3 blunt,

arista more than twice as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic dark bluish with slight brownish pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark with pale

reflections; 6 or 7 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or 7

pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pair rather long; scutellum

hind margin broadly and evenly rounded, bristles

widely separated.

Legs brown, trochanters more yellow; setae mostly

dark. Forecoxa with small pale and dark hairs anteriorly; forefemur with short slender erect seta ventrally at base, all femora otherwise without distinctive

setae; middle tibia rarely with a small indistinct dorsal

seta near middle; hind tibia with 2 or 3 small dorsals.

Foretarsus (Figure 154) with segments 1 and 2 somewhat compressed, 3 slightly asymmetric with rather distinct seta dorsally near base, another less distinct seta

posteriorly, segments 4 and 5 slender, lengths of segments from base as 7-4-3-3-5; middle tarsus as 7-5-4-

3-5; hind tarsus as 8-7-6-5-5.

Wing (Figure 156) elliptical, clear; vein 2 evenly

arched, curved only slightly forward at tip, remaining

rather close to costa throughout; vein 3 curving slightly

and evenly backward, ending just before wing tip;

crossvein about half as long as last of vein 5. Knob of

halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 155) about as long as thorax, cylindrical, brown with blackish pollen above; sternite 3

with rather long slender erect projection from middle

of hind margin. Hypopygium small, partially immersed in tip of preabdomen, brown; lamellae dark,

reflexed, each bearing a few long slender curved setae

distally; inner appendage placed well forward, minute,

broadest in apical half with a short point and a few

small marginal setae.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face distinct to

mouth, lower half about as wide as antennal segment

1; foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from base as

5-2-2-2-3.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Chiapas, sierra above Arriaga, at rocky stream

margin in small shaded ravine just off road, 21-22 May

1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70315). Paratypes: same

data as holotype, 2 $ ; Chiapas, Ixtapan, on wet rocky

surface by road, in ravine above river, 23 May 1963,

3 $ ; all collected by H. Robinson.
NUMBER 2 5 37

NOTE.—The wing venation and the projection on

the third abdominal sternite are like E. hirtipes, to

which the species may be rather closely related. The

two species differ in a number of characters, of which

the many setae on the legs of E. hirtipes are the most

obvious.

Enlinia fimbriata, new species

FIGURES 151-153

MALE.—Length 0.7 mm; wing 0.8 mm by 0.34 mm.

Front about twice as broad as high, metallic bluish

with blackish pollen; face narrowed below, eyes contiguous in lower half, anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista only slightly longer than face.

Mesoscutum shining metallic bluish or greenish

with slight brownish pollen, pleura more brown; setae

dark with pale reflections; 6 pairs of small acrostichals;

7 or 8 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pair rather long;

scutellum hind margin broadly and evenly rounded,

bristles nearer to sides than middle.

Legs dark brown with dark setae. Forecox^. with

small dark hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 153)

and middle femur with a small slender erect seta anteroventrally at base; fore tibia (Figure 153) with a long

slender erect setae ventrally at tip; hind tibia with 2 or

3 small indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 153) with

segments 1 and 2 rather compressed, 2nd pointed on

distal hind corner, 3 flattened with curving anterior

margin bearing many stout hairs, distinct black erect

seta on hind margin, segments 4 and especially 5 somewhat flattened, lengths of segments from base as 8-4-

4-2-4; middle tarsus as 8-6-4-3-5; hind tarsus as

8-8-6-4-5.

Wing (Figure 151) rather broadly oval, with prominently rounded anal margin, wing clear; vein 2 hardly

curved, very close to costa; veins 3 and 4 rather

straight, 3rd ending slightly before wing tip; crossvein

about half as long as last of vein 5. Knob of halter

black.

Abdomen (Figure 152) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical to somewhat compressed, brown with blackish pollen above; sternite 3 with rather long slender

erect projection from middle of hind margin. Hypopygium small, partially immersed in tip of preabdomen,

brown; lamellae grayish, large, strap-shaped with constricted tip, bearing many long black curved or

slightly sinuous setae along outer margin, inner margin

with many shorter more slender curved setae and a

small pubescent tuft near the base; inner appendages

hooklike, projecting forward nearly to projection on

sternite 3.

FEMALE.—Similar to male but face distinct to

mouth, lower half as wide as antennal segment 1; femora and foretibia without erect ventral setae; foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from base as 7-3-3-2-4.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Chiapas, near Ixtapan, on wet rock face by

road, in ravine above river, 23 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70316). Paratypes: same data as holotype,

18 $ and 1 $ ; Chiapas, about 10 km south of Pichucalco, wet ledges by road, 24 May 1963, 4 $ and 1 $ ;

all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The long strap-shaped lamellae are rather

distinctive, especially when compared to the other

species in the group.

XV. Enlinia ventralis Group

The group is established for two very closely related

species having both abdominal sternites four and five

armed with a distinct seta.

Enlinia ventralis, new species

FIGURES 161-163

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.34 mm.

Front over twice as wide as high, metallic dark bluish

dulled with blackish pollen; face narrowed below, eyes

contiguous in lower half, anterior eye facets enlarged.

Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum metallic dark greenish or bluish with

slight blackish pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark

with pale reflections; about 4 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs rather

long; scutellum hind margin broadly rounded, bristles

as near sides as middle.

Legs dark yellowish to light brownish with trochanters pale; setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with small partially dark hairs anteriorly; fore- and middle femora

with a rather long slender erect seta anteroventrally

near base, forefemur (Figure 163) with a few slender

rather erect pale hairs along ventral surface; foretibia

(Figure 163) with a long slender ventral seta near

tip; middle and hind tibiae with 2 or 3 small rather

indistinct dorsals, ventral hairs toward tip of middle
38 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

tibia scarcely more erect than other hairs. Foretarsus

(Figure 163) with segments 1 and 2 rather compressed,

3 flattened and somewhat projecting on lower anterior

end, with slightly longer darker seta anteriorly near

base, segments 4 and especially 5 slightly flattened,

lengths of segments from base as 7-4-4-4-5; middle

tarsus as 7-6-5-4-4; hind tarsus as 9-8-6-5-5.

Wing (Figure 162) elliptical, with evenly rounded

hind margin, clear; vein 2 slightly and evenly arched,

curved slightly forward at tip; vein 3 ending slightly

before wing tip; crossvein three-fifths to two-thirds as

long as last of vein 5. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 161) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, brown with blackish pollen above; sternites

4 and vestigial 5th each with a very slender erect seta

from middle of anterior part, seta of sternite 4 more

pale and slender. Hypopygium small, exerted from tip

of preabdomen, brown; lamellae brownish, long and

slender, slightly wider and more brownish at tips with

an apical crest of 5 or 6 long slender apically hooked

setae; inner appendages pale, very slender.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face distinct to

mouth, about as wide as antennal segment 1; femora

without erect setae ventrally; foretarsus plain, segments

as 9-4-3-3-5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype 3 and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Guerrero near Tierra Colorada in rocky partially shaded stream by small roadside pasture, 29 May

1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70317). Paratype: same

data as holotype 1 9 .

NOTE.—The species is distinct among those with

armed sternites by the elongate apically crested hypopygial lamellae. After careful examination and after

comparison with the closely related E. brevipes, it is

obvious that the setae of the abdominal sternites are

born on the surfaces of the sclerites four and five rather

than on the hind margins of sclerites three and four.

As such they seem to have nothing in common with

the projections on the sternites in the E. hirtipes group.

Enlinia brevipes, new species

FIGURES 164-167

MALE.—Length 0.85 mm; wing 0.9 mm by 0.3 mm.

Front more than twice as wide as high, nearly obscured

with brownish pollen; face narrowed below, eyes contiguous in lower half, anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum dark metallic greenish brown dulled

with slight grayish pollen, pleura more brown with

whiter pollen; setae dark with pale reflections; about

6 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 pairs of dorsocentrals,

hind pairs rather long; scutellum hind margin broadly

and evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brown with trochanters whitish; setae mostly

dark. Forecoxa with small rather pale hairs anteriorly;

forefemur (Figure 164) and middle femur (Figure

165) with a long slender erect seta anteroventrally

near base; foretibia (Figure 164) with a long slender

seta ventrally at tip; middle tibia (Figure 165) with

erect short crowded hairs ventrally toward tip; middle

and hind tibiae with 2 or 3 small rather indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 164) with segments 1 and 2

rather compressed, broad, with a black tooth on the

ventral margin of each, the 2 teeth appearing opposable, with longer hairs on posterior surfaces, segment 3

flattened, anterior margin somewhat produced with

black seta near base, segments 4 and especially 5 somewhat flattened, lengths of segments from base as

5-5-3-3-6; middle tarsus as 7-5-4-3-5; hind tarsus as

9.9.7.5.6.

Wing (Figure 166) elliptical with evenly rounded

hind margin, clear with slight brownish tinge; vein 2

slightly and evenly arched, very slightly curved forward at tip; vein 3 ending slightly before wing tip;

crossvein three-fifths to two-thirds as long as last of

vein 5. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 167) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, brown with blackish pollen above and

slight violet reflections; sternite 4 with a pair of very

close-set erect black setae near the middle, sternite 5

small but bearing an erect slender seta near anterior

margin. Hypopygium small, exerted from tip of preabdomen, brown; lamellae broadly strap-shaped,

brownish toward tip with apical crest of 6 or 7 long

black curved setae; inner appendages pale, very slender

with tip notched to one side.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but with face distinct to

mouth, lower part as broad as antennal segment 1;

femora and tibiae without distinctive ventral setae;

foretarsus plain, length of segments from base as 7-3-

2-2-4.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype & and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Chiapas, about 10 km south of Pichucalco,

on wet rock ledges by road, 24 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70318). Paratypes: same data as holotype,

6 $ and 2 9 .
NUMBER 2 5 39

NOTES.—This species and the closely related E.

ventralis have the fifth abdominal sternites present and

bearing a distinctive seta. As formed, this plate makes

it unlikely that the hypopygium could be recessed

in the tip of the preabdomen, and in all males observed

of the two species the hypopygium is fully exerted.

In relation to the whole spectrum of the genus, the

two species, E. brevipes and E. ventralis, are very

closely related; however, they still show many differences in foretarsus, middle tibia, a double versus single

seta on the fourth sternite, different shaped hypopygial lamellae, and different shaped setae on the

lamellae.

XVI. Enlinia nigricans Group

The group includes one species which seems quite distinct by a combination of characters, including the

second wing vein lying close to the costa, the abdominal sternites being unarmed, and the hypopygial

lamellae being relatively simple. The hypopygial capsule is the smallest seen in the genus.

Enlinia nigricans, new species

FIGURES 168-170

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.9 mm by 0.3 mm.

Face and front metallic bluish, front with blackish

pollen; face narrowed below with eyes contiguous in

lower half, anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus and

proboscis black. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista

half again as long as face.

Thorax dark, mesoscutum metallic with slight blackish pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark with pale

reflections; about 5 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 pairs

of dorsocentrals, hind pairs rather long; scutellum

hind margin evenly rounded, bristles as near sides as

middle.

Legs brown with foretrochanter sometimes slightly

more pale; setae dark. Fore- and middle coxae with

small hairs anteriorly; forefemur with a few short

slender hairs along anteroventral surface, 1 slender

more erect ventral seta near base; hind tibia with 2 or

3 small indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 168)

with segments 1 and 2 broad and compressed, 3 very

flat, strongly asymmetric with strong spicules on posterior and distal margins, 4 and 5 slender, lengths of

segments from base as 9-4-3-4-5; middle tarsus as

10-6-5-4-5; hind tarsus as 7-8-6-5-5.

Wing (Figure 169) elliptical, clear; vein 2 evenly

arched, curved only slightly forward at tip, remaining

rather close to costa throughout; vein 3 very slightly

but evenly curving backward, ending just before wing

tip; crossvein about half as long as last of vein 5. Knob

of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 170) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, blackish with dark setae; sternites without

auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium very small, seated on

extremity of preabdomen giving hind end generally

oblique silhouette, black; a pair of small slender black

lamellae each with a fan of about 5 long slender black

setae distally, these lamellae arising from rather large

pubescent pad below; inner appendages brown, narrow with truncate tips.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face distinct to

mouth, lower half as wide as antennal segment 1; foretarsus plain, segments from base as 7-4-4-4-5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype S and allotype 5 from

Mexico: Hidalgo, just north of Chapulhuacan, on wet

sunlit rock face above roadside spring, 30 May 1963,

H. Robinson (USNM 70319). Paratype: same data as

holotype, 5 $ and 2 9 ; same locality, 10 May 1963,

2 $ and 4 9 .

NOTE.—The generally black color of the species is

rather distinctive and was noticeable in the freshly

collected material. Morphologically, the second wing

vein lying close to the costa, and the small hypopygium

resulting in an oblique outline of the end of the abdomen, are distinctive.

XVII. Enlinia acuticornis Group

The males of the two species in the group have antennae with third segments rather conical, and the fifth

abdominal sternite is present and covered with numerous minute hairs.

Enlinia acuticornis, new species

FIGURES 171-175

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Front (Figure 173) slightly over twice as broad as

high, metallic bluish, covered with brown pollen; face

narrowed below, eyes essentially contiguous in lower

half, anterior eye facets only slightly enlarged. Palpus

and proboscis dark. Antenna (Figure 174) black, segment 3 conical, about as long as broad with arista
40

slightly to side of acute apex, arista nearly twice as long

as face.

Thorax metallic dark green above, a little more

brownish on pleura, with slight pollen; setae pale

brownish; about 6 pairs of small acrostichals; 5 pairs of

dorsocentrals, only hind pair rather long; scutellum

hind margin rather sharply rounded in middle, bristles

nearer middle than sides.

Legs brownish yellow with most of forecoxa, trochanters, and sometimes most of femora paler; setae

mostly dark. Fore and middle coxa with numerous hairs

anteriorly; femora nearly bare below, middle femur

with small erect pale seta near base; middle tibia

with indistinct dorsal seta before middle; hind tibia

with an indistinct dorsal seta near base and distal

third, a slightly larger seta near tip. Foretarsus (Figure 175) with segments 1 and 2 compressed, 3 quite

widened distally with small stout black seta posteriorly,

4 and 5 slightly flattened, lengths of segments from

base as 6-4-4-3-5; middle tarsus as 9-6-5-4-5; hind

tarsus as 10-8-7-5-6.

Wing (Figure 171) narrowly elliptical, hind margin

evenly rounded, wing clear, veins brown; vein 2

slightly and evenly arched, curved slightly forward at

tip; veins 3 and 4 essentially straight, diverging from

near base; crossvein perpendicular to vein 4, two-thirds

as long as last of vein 5; vein 6 represented by weak

fold lying near anal margin. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 172) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, somewhat compressed, dark, slightly dulled

with blackish pollen above; sternites without auxiliary

genitalia, but sternite 5 distinct and bearing numerous

small dark hairs. Hypopygium small, capping tip of

preabdomen, brown; bearing a pair of pale brown oval

lamellae each with short rather pale marginal setae;

inner appendages yellowish, short, rodlike.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face below as wide

as antennal segment 1, face and front with brown

pollen, eye facets not enlarged, antennal segment 3

conical but shorter; femora without distinctive setae

below; foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from base

as 6-3-2-2-5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype 3 and allotype $ from

Mexico: Chiapas, Ixtapan, wet roadside rock faces, in

ravine above river, 23 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70320). Paratypes: same data as holotype,

1 $ and 5 $ ; San Luis Potosi, a few km south of

Tamazunchale, on partially shaded rocky ledges wet

from seepage, in small ravine, 22-23 December 1961,

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

2 $ ; Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, shaded rocky

ravine by waterfall, 12 May 1963, 1 $ ; all collected

by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The antennae are not as obviously distinct

as in E. magnicornis, but they differ from those of most

species of Enlinia by having the third segments distinctly and consistently conical. A slight tendency toward such segments is found in the E. montana group,

but apparently no close relationship is involved.

Enlinia frontalis, new species

FIGURES 176-181

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.2-1.3 mm by 0.5

mm. Front (Figure 178) slightly less than twice as

wide as high, dark blue or violet with slight grayish

pollen; face very high, narrowed below with eyes contiguous or nearly so in lower two-thirds; anterior eye

facets only slightly enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark.

Antenna (Figure 180) black, segment 3 slightly

pointed, about as long as broad, arista slightly longer

than face.

Mesoscutum metallic dark green with slight blackish

pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark with pale reflections; 5 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or 7 pairs of

dorsocentrals, hind pair rather long; scutellum hind

margin rather evenly rounded, bristles as near sides

as middle.

Legs black with dark setae. Forecoxa with small dark

hairs anteriorly; fore- and middle femora with a small

very slender seta anteroventrally near base; middle

tibia with a small indistinct dorsal seta; hind tibia with

2 or 3 small indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 181)

with segments 1 and 2 rather compressed, 3 flattened

with a small black spicule posteriorly near base, 4 and

5 slightly flattened, lengths of segments from base as

7-4-6-4-5; middle tarsus as 8-6-5-4-5; hind tarsus as

10-9-7-5-5.

Wing (Figure 176) elliptical, with evenly rounded

hind margin, rather clear; vein 2 slightly and evenly

arched, curved only slightly forward at tip; vein 3

straightened distally, ending slightly before wing tip;

crossvein two-thirds to three-fourths as long as last of

vein 5. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 179) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical to rather compressed, brown with blackish

pollen, setae dark; sternites without auxiliary genitalia,

but sternite 5 distinct with numerous small dark setae.

Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen,
NUMBER 25 41

brown; with short brownish dense short-pubescent

lamellae below; slender sharply pointed pale brownish

inner appendage scarcely visible.

FEMALE.—Similar to male but face distinct to

mouth, lower part as wide as antennal segment 1; antennal segment 3 more shortly pointed; femora without

distinctive ventrals; foretarsus plain; crossvein of

wing (Figure 177) nearly as long as last part of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype 9 from

Mexico: Oaxaca, Sierra Juarez, Route 175 near 95 km

marker, roadside spring in rain forest area at medium

elevation, 17 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70321).

Paratype: same general locality as holotype, 104 km

marker, wet shaded rocky ravine, 19 May 1963, 1 $ .

NOTE.—The form of the third antennal segment

and the fifth abdominal sternite leaves little doubt of

close relationship to E. acuticornis. Still, E. acuticornis

differs by a number of characters, including paler legs,

only five pairs of dorsocentrals, scutellar bristles closer

together, and the much shorter face. The long head in

E. frontalis is thoroughly distinctive.

XVIII. Enlinia caudata Group

The single species in the group is most obviously distinct in the very elongate hypopygial lamellae and the

very broad head with much enlarged anterior eye

facets. In addition, the second wing vein is close to the

costa and the abdominal sternites are unarmed.

Enlinia caudata, new species

FIGURES 182-184

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.9 mm by 0.27 mm.

Head relatively wide; front more than twice as wide

as high, metallic greenish with slight pollen; face relatively short, narrowed below, eyes contiguous in lower

half or more; anterior eye facets greatly enlarged, more

than any other species of Enlinia seen. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna dark brown to black, segment 3

blunt, arista twice as long as face.

Mesoscutum shining metallic dark green with only

slight pollen, more brownish on pleura; setae dark with

pale reflections; about 4 pairs of small acrostichals; 5

pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pair rather long; scutellum

hind margin broadly and evenly rounded, bristles as

near sides as middle or nearer to sides.

Legs yellowish or pale brownish, with mostly dark

setae. Forecoxa with sparse hairs anteriorly; fore- and

middle femora with a small slender erect seta anteroventrally at base, that of middle femur smaller; middle

tibia with a very small indistinct dorsal seta before

middle; hind tibia with 3 or 4 small dorsals, 2 of which

with some long hairs in a series near the tip. Foretarsus (Figure 184) with segments 1 and 2 rather compressed, 2nd with small apical spur ventrally, 3 flattened and broad with pubescent lobe anteriorly and a

small black spicule near tip posteriorly, lengths of segments from base as 8-5-4-5-7; middle tarsus as 10-6-5-

4-4; hind tarsus as 9-10-6-5-6.

Wing (Figure 183) elliptical, with evenly rounded

hind margin, clear; vein 2 only slightly but evenly

arched, only slightly curved forward at tip, remaining

relatively close to costa; vein 3 ending slightly before

wing tip; crossvein about half as long as last of vein 5.

Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 182) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, becoming slightly wider distally, brown

with blackish pollen above and some violet reflections,

setae dark; sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, partly immersed in tip of preabdomen,

brown; each lamella of pair grayish brown, ribbonform, gradually tapering and ending in 1 or 2 strong

curving black setae that are at least as long as lamellae,

shorter setae and pale hairs born along outer edge.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

above Rio Valle Nacional, in shaded ravines near road,

by waterfall and along rocky stream margin, 13 May

1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70322). Paratypes: same

data as holotype, 2 $ .

NOTES.—The elongate hypopygial lamellae seem

very distinctive. There are other species such as E. fimbriata with elongate hypopygial lamellae, but they do

not seem closely related. The head of E. caudata seems

wider in relation to its height than any other seen in

Enlinia.

XIX. Enlinia lamellata Group

The crescent-shaped hypopygial lamellae of the single

species in the group seem unique; the second wing vein

is rather close to the costa. Otherwise the species is

similar to members of the E. simplex group.
42 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

Enlinia lamellata, new species

FIGURES 185-188

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Front metallic green or violet, with little or no pollen;

face narrowed below, eyes essentially contiguous in

lower half; anterior eye facets considerably enlarged.

Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna brownish, segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green above, more brownish

on pleura, with slight pollen; setae pale brownish;

about 6 pairs of short acrostichals; 6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind pairs rather long; scutellum hind

margin broadly rounded, more sharply rounded at

setae, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs yellowish, extreme bases of coxae and dorsal

margins of middle and hind femora darker; setae

mostly dark. Fore- and middle coxae with numerous

often pale hairs anteriorly; femora nearly bare below;

forefemur (Figure 186) and middle femur with a small

erect seta below near base; foretibia (Figure 186) with

long black apical seta below; hind tibia with very small

dorsal seta near base, another near tip. Foretarsus (Figure 186) with segments 1 and 2 compressed, 3 flattened

and rather broad, with black spicule on posterior margin, 4 and 5 cylindrical, lengths of segments from base

as 8-5-4-3-5; middle tarsus as 8-6-5-4-4; hind tarsus as

8-9-7-5-5.

Wing (Figure 185) oval, hind margin evenly

rounded, anal angle not prominent, wing surface

clear, veins brown; vein 2 slightly and evenly

arched, curving slightly forward at tip; vein 3 slightly

sinuous; vein 4 nearly straight; crossvein perpendicular

to vein 5, about half as long as last part of vein 5. Knob

of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figures 187,188) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical, somewhat compressed, brown with blackish pollen above; sternites without auxiliary genitalia.

Hypopygium rather small, capping end of preabdomen,

brown, bearing a pair of crescentic brown lamellae,

each lamella with numerous rather long black marginal

setae; inner appendages short, brownish.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but lower part of face

about half as broad as antennal segment 1, anterior eye

facets only slightly enlarged; femora without erect

ventral setae, seta of foretibia very small; foretarsus

plain, lengths of segments from base as 6-2-2-2-3; abdomen slightly flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: San Luis Potosi, a few km south of Tamazunchale, on partially shaded limestone rocks moist

from seepage, rocky ravine, 14 August 1962, H. Robinson (USNM 70323). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1 8 ; same locality, 10 May 1963, 1 $ .

NOTE.—The crescentic shape of the hypopygial

lamella has been confirmed in a specimen preserved

on a microscope slide. The actual shape of the lamella

is very difficult to see in dried material. At first impression it seems sessile, very short, and broadly

rounded.

XX. Enlinia simplex Group

The group includes a series of relatively inornate species

in which abdominal sternites are unarmed, hypopygial

appendages are relatively simple, and the second wing

vein is bulging inward from the costa. A number of

species in the group have a series of erect ventral setae

on the fore- and middle femora.

Enlinia seriata, new species

FIGURES 189-193

MALE.—Length 1.1 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green with slight blackishbrown pollen; eyes essentially contiguous below, anterior facets somewhat enlarged. Palpus and proboscis

dark. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista near half

again as long as face.

Thorax dark metallic green, more brownish on

pleura, with slight pollen; setae brownish; about 6

pairs of small acrostichals; 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, only

hind pair rather long; scutellum hind margin evenly

rounded, bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brownish, trochanters and tip of forecoxa rather

pale; setae mostly dark. Fore- and middle coxae with

a few small hairs anteriorly; forefemur and middle

femur (Figure 191) with a series of about 10 setae on

the ventral surface, setae about as long as widths of

tibiae, those on forefemur very slender and pale and

difficult to see, those on middle femur black and distinct; hind femur with a few small black setae anteroventrally especially near tip; fore- and hind tibiae

toward tips and hind basitarsus with distinctly pale

hairs ventrally; middle tibia with dark rather erect

hairs ventrally near tip; hind tibia with very small

dorsal setae near base and distal third, larger more
NUMBER 25 43

distinct dorsal near tip. Foretarsus (Figure 190) with

segments 1 and 2 compressed, 3 flattened and slightly

broader distally, lengths of segments from base as

7-3-4-3-4; middle tarsus as 8-6-4-3-3; hind tarsus as

9-9-6-4-5.

Wing (Figure 189) elongate-oval, hind margin

evenly rounded, anal angle not prominent, surface

clear, veins brown; vein 2 slightly and evenly arched,

curving slightly but distinctly forward at tip; veins 3

and 4 nearly straight, diverging from near base; crossvein perpendicular to vein 4, two-thirds as long as last

of vein 5; vein 6 represented by weak fold lying near

anal margin. Knob of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figures 192, 193) slightly longer than

thorax, cylindrical, somewhat compressed, brown with

blackish pollen above; sternites without auxiliary

genitalia. Hypopygium very small, capping tip of preabdomen, bearing a pair of pale brown slender bent

lamellae, each lamella bearing about 3 long pale

brownish setae near tip; short brownish stylus visible

as inner appendage.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but lower face as wide

as antennal segment 1, anterior eye facets only slightly

enlarged; femora without longer ventral setae; foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from base as 5-2-2-2-3;

abdomen slightly flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Oaxaca, near Huajuapan de Leon, from wet

rocks by small shaded waterfall in eroded grazed area,

11 August 1962, H. Robinson (USNM 70324). Paratypes : same data as holotype, 4 $ and 5 $ .

NOTE.—The species is one of four in the E. simplex

group having a series of distinct erect ventral setae on

the male fore- and middle femora. These include, in

addition to this and the following two species, an undescribed species from San Mateo County, California.

The California species differs most obviously by the

much larger third segment of the male foretarsus, and

the less tapered hypopygial lamella bearing about five

setae distally.

Enlinia ciliifemorata, new species

FIGURES 194-198

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.9-1.1 mm by 0.3-

0.4 mm. Front slightly more than twice as wide as

high, dark metallic green obscured by blackish pollen;

face concolorous, narrowed below, eyes essentially contiguous in lower half, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus

dark; proboscis dark with yellowish tip. Antenna black,

segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Mesoscutum dark metallic bluish nearly obscured

by blackish pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark

with pale reflections, 5-7 pairs of small acrostichals;

6 or 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind pair rather long;

scutellum hind margin gradually and evenly rounded,

bristles as near sides as middle.

Legs brownish with pale trochanters; setae mostly

dark. Forecoxa with rather pale hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 194) and middle femur (Figure 195)

each with a row of 8-10 slender erect pale anteroventrals, basal 1 slightly longer and more erect; middle

tibia (Figure 195) with a few small erect ventral hairs

near tip; hind tibia with 2 or 3 very small dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 194) with segments 1 and 2 thickened,

3 and 4 comparatively narrow, 5 somewhat broad,

lengths of segments from base as 7-3-3-2-5; middle

tarsus as 8-5-4-3-5; hind tarsus as 8-9-6-5-6.

Wing (Figure 197) elliptical, hind margin evenly

rounded; vein 2 evenly arching and curving distinctly

forward at tip; vein 3 ending slightly before wing tip;

crossvein two-thirds as long as last of vein 5. Knob of

halter brown.

Abdomen (Figure 196) usually about as long as

thorax, cylindrical, blackish pollinose with very slight

metallic reflections, setae small and dark; sternites

without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, partially immersed in tip of preabdomen, brown; with pair

of small spathulate brownish lamellae, each lamella

bearing many setae on apex and distal margins.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face below as wide

as antennal segment 1, eye facets all small; 6-8 pairs

of acrostichals and dorsocentrals; fore- and middle

femora and middle tibia without longer or erect setae

ventrally; wing (Figure 198) with crossvein up to

three-fourths as long as last of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

above Rio Valle Nacional, from wet shaded rocks,

by waterfall in ravine, 14 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70325). Allotype $ : Oaxaca, Sierra Juarez,

Route 175 about 100 km from Tuxtepec, 16 May

1963. Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 21 December 1962, 1 $ ; same locality as allotype, 16-18 May

1963,23 S and 9 9 ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The species is close to E. seriata, but the

hypopygial lamellae of E. ciliifemorata are straight

with more setae. The male foretarsi seem to differ

slightly also.
44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

EnUnia exigua, new species

FIGURES 199-202

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 1.1 mm by 0.4 mm.

Front about twice as wide as high, dark metallic blue

nearly obscured by brackish-brown pollen; face concolorous, narrowed below, eyes contiguous in lower

half; anterior eye facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3 blunt, arista half

again as long as face.

Mesoscutum shining metallic dark blue with slight

pollen, pleura more brown; setae dark with pale reflections; 3 pairs of small acrostichals; 5 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs longer; scutellum hind margin

sharply rounded in middle, bristles as near each other

as to sides.

Legs black with dark setae. Forecoxa with a few

hairs anteriorly; forefemur (Figure 199) with rather

long slender erect seta ventrally near base, about 6

long slender rather erect setae following along anteroventral surface; middle femur (Figure 201) with erect

slender anteroventral at base followed by about 8 erect

slender setae; middle tibia with 1 minute dorsal;

hind tibia with 2 or 3 minute indistinct dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 199) with segments 1 and 2 rather compressed, 3 flattened with stout black seta posteriorly,

4 and especially 5 broadened and flattened, lengths of

segments from base as 7-5-4-4-6; middle tarsus as

10-6-4-3-7, segment 5 slightly enlarged; hind tarsus as

10-9-7-4-6.

Wing (Figure 200) elliptical, with evenly but shallowly rounded anal margin, clear; vein 2 evenly

arched, curved distinctly forward at tip; vein 3 curved

slightly, straightened at tip, ending just before wing

tip; crossvein two-thirds to three-fourths as long as

last of vein 5. Knob of halter black.

Abdomen (Figure 202) about as long as thorax,

cylindrical to rather compressed, brown with blackish

pollen above, setae dark; sternites without auxiliary

genitalia. Hypopygium small, partly immersed in tip

of preabdomen, brown, with pair of small black triangular lamellae below, each lamella bearing 8 or

more long slender black setae; inner appendages pale,

slender, longest pair with small hook on end.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype <$ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

Sierra Juarez, Route 175 at 100 km marker, rocks

around roadside spring, in rain forest area, 18 May

1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70326). Paratype: same

data as holotype, 1 $ .

NOTE.—The species seems the most distinct of those

in the E. simplex group that have the male fore- and

middle femora fringed below. The species differs from

E. seriata and its other relatives by the black legs which

lack erect ventral setae on the middle tibiae, and by

the black triangular hypopygial lamellae.

Enlinia latipennis, new species

FIGURES 203-206

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.2 mm by 0.5 mm.

Face and front (Figure 206) dark metallic green

dulled with blackish-brown pollen; face narrow below,

eyes usually not quite contiguous, anterior eye facets

enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark, latter with yellowish tip. Antenna brown, segment 3 blunt, arista

half again as long as face.

Thorax dark brown with slight metallic reflections

and blackish pollen above; setae dark; about 5 pairs

of small acrostichals; 6 or rarely 7 pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind pairs rather long; scutellum rather

sharply rounded at middle of hind margin, bristles

distinctly nearer middle than sides.

Legs brownish with anterior trochanters rather pale;

setae mostly dark. Forecoxa with a few dark hairs

anteriorly; femora without distinctive ventral setae;

hind tibia with 2 or 3 small dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 203) with segments 1 and 2 slightly thicker than

others, 3 with small but distinct ventral seta, lengths

of segments from base as 8-4-4-4-6; middle tarsus

as 8-7-5-4-5; hind tarsus as 10-10-8-6-6.

Wing (Figure 204) rather oblong-oval, with evenly

rounded hind margin; vein 2 slightly and evenly

arched, curving distinctly forward distally; vein 3 ending in the rather broadly rounded wing tip; crossvein

two-thirds as long as last of vein 5. Knob of halter

brown.

Abdomen (Figure 205) as long as thorax, cylindrical, brown with blackish pollen above, setae dark;

sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown, with a pair

of small pale-brown setiferous lamellae and with longer

rodlike inner appendages.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, but face below as wide

as antennal segment 1; eye facets all small; foretarsus

plain, lengths of segments from base as 8-3-3-3-4;
NUMBER 2 5 45

crossvein of wing three-fourths or more as long as

last part of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Oaxaca, Sierra Juarez, Route 175 near 100

km marker, from wet rocky ravine in rain forest area,

17 May 1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70327). Paratypes : same general locality as holotype, 100-104 km,

17-19 May 1963, 19 $ and 13 $ .

NOTES.—The hypopygial lamellae are most similar

to those of E. scabrida and E. ciliifemorata, but E. latipennis is distinct by the plain legs and the more broadly

rounded wing apex. I have had great difficulty separating the females from those of E. magnicornis which

occur in the same area. For the present I have considered those with more beadlike segments of the foretarsus as E. latipennis.

In addition to having some resemblance and perhaps

relationship to E. magnicornis, some characters such

as the broadly rounded wing apex are reminiscent of

the E. montana group. In spite of the marked differences between the E. simplex, E. magnicornis, and E.

montana groups, they may be rather closely related.

Enlinia scabrida, new species

FIGURES 207-211

MALE.—Length 0.8 mm; wing 0.8 mm by 0.3 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green dulled with blackish-brown pollen; front slightly over twice as wide as

high; face narrowed below, eyes essentially contiguous

below, anterior facets enlarged. Palpus and proboscis

dark. Antenna blackish, segment 3 blunt, arista half

again as long as face.

Thorax dark metallic bluish, nearly obscured by

blackish pollen; setae brown with pale reflections,

about 5 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or rarely 7 pairs

of dorsocentrals, only hind pair rather long; scutellum

hind margin evenly rounded, bristles slightly nearer

middle than sides.

Legs usually brown with pale trochanters; setae

mostly dark. Forecoxa with a few dark hairs anteriorly;

fore- and middle femora each with a small erect slender

anteroventral seta at base; middle and hind femora

with a few longer anteroventrals distally; middle tibia

(Figure 211) with short stiff erect black setae ventrally, these more pronounced on distal half; hind tibia

with 2 or 3 minute dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 210)

with segment 1 slightly thickened, 2 very small, 3 larger

than 2nd, with minute black seta ventrally, lengths of

segments from base as 7-2-4-3-4; middle tarsus as

8-5-4-3-4; hind tarsus as 7-9-6-5-5.

Wing (Figure 207) rather narrowly elliptical, hind

margin evenly rounded; vein 2 evenly arched, curving

slightly but distinctly forward at tip; vein 3 ending

just before wing tip; crossvein about half as long as

last of vein 5. Knob of halter brown.

Abdomen (Figure 209) slightly longer than thorax,

cylindrical, brownish or blackish, setae small and dark;

sternites without auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium

small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown, with pair of

very small oval setiferous brown lamellae.

FEMALE.—Similar to male but lower face nearly as

wide as antennal segment 1, anterior eye facets not

notably enlarged; femora and middle tibia without

erect ventral setae; foretarsus plain, lengths of segments from base as 7-4-3-2-6; wing (Figure 208)

generally slightly broader and laxer in relation to

length, crossvein three-fifths as long as last of vein 5.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, 14 May

1963, H. Robinson (USNM 70328). Paratypes: same

locality as holotype, on wet rocks by streams and waterfalls, 13-16 May 1963, 26 8 and 16 9 ; all collected

by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The erect ventral setae on the male middle

tibia are rather distinctive. Otherwise in the E. simplex

group, only a few species with a ventral fringe on the

femora have middle tibiae in any way similar.

Enlinia brachychaeta, new species

FIGURES 212-214

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic greenish, with only slight

brownish pollen; face narrowed below, eyes essentially

contiguous in lower half, anterior eye facets somewhat

enlarged. Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black,

segment 3 blunt, arista half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic greenish, more brownish on pleura,

with slight pollen; setae dark with pale reflections; 5

or 6 pairs of small acrostichals; about 6 pairs of dorsocentrals, hind pairs longer; scutellum hind margin

evenly curved, bristles slightly nearer middle than sides.

Trochanters, extreme tips of coxae, and bases of

femora very pale, legs otherwise brownish; setae mostly

dark. Fore- and middle coxae with short hairs anteriorly; forefemur with erect slender seta ventrally

near base; middle and hind femora with only a few
46 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

longer setae anteroventrally near tips; foretibia with a

long slender ventral seta near tip; middle tibia with

small dorsal near basal third; hind tibia with 2 or 3

small dorsals. Foretarsus (Figure 214) with segment 1

compressed and bearing short very stout black spurlike

seta on lower posterior corner, segment 2 slightly compressed, 3 inserted toward dorsal edge of 2nd, broadened distally, lengths of segments from base as

5-2-2-2-3; middle tarsus as 5-3-3-2-3; hind tarsus as

5-5-4-3-3.

Wing (Figure 212) rather oval, hind margin gradually and evenly rounded, wing clear, veins brown;

vein 2 slightly and evenly arched, distinctly curving

forward at tip; veins 3 and 4 nearly straight, diverging

from near base; crossvein perpendicular to vein 4,

slightly shorter than last of vein 5; vein 6 represented

by slight fold lying near anal margin. Knob of halter

blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 213) slightly longer than thorax,

cylindrical, slightly compressed, dull brownish with

short dark setae; sternites 3 and 4 each with a pair of

setae near middle, those on 4th distinctly stouter.

Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen,

brown, bearing a pair of rather large oval pale lamellae, each lamella bearing a fringe of long black marginal setae; inner appendages small.

FEMALE.—Not seen.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: San Luis

Potosi, El Salto, on moist rock beside river, just below

upper falls, 15 December 1962, H. Robinson (USNM

70329). Para types: same data as holotype, 3 $ .

NOTE.—The species is rather distinct in the E. simplex group by the larger hypopygial lamellae, the pairs

of setae on the abdominal sternites, and the stout spurlike bristle on the foretarsus.

Enlinia unisetosa, new species

FIGURES 215-217

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green; front dulled with

blackish-brown pollen, slightly over twice as wide as

high; face narrowed below, eyes essentially contiguous

in lower half, anterior eye facets slightly enlarged.

Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista near half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green above, more brownish

on pleura, with slight pollen; setae dark; about 6 pairs

of small acrostichals; 5 or 6 pairs of slightly longer

dorsocentrals, hind pair quite long; scutellum hind

margin more sharply rounded at setae, bristles as near

sides as middle.

Legs yellowish brown with trochanters and distal

half of forecoxa paler, tarsi darker; setae mostly dark.

Fore- and middle coxae with short hairs anteriorly;

forefemur (Figure 216) plain; middle femur with a

single rather long erect seta anteroventrally near base;

hind femur nearly bare below; foretibia (Figure 216)

plain; middle and hind tibiae with only small indistinct dorsals; middle tibia with ventral setae on distal

half rather erect. Foretarsus (Figure 216) with segments 1 and 2 compressed and widened, 2nd bearing

1 or 2 short but distinct setae on dorsal margin, segment 3 inserted near dorsal edge of 2nd, broadened

somewhat distally, segment 4 inserted in slightly retuse

distal margin of 3rd, lengths of segments from base as

5-2-2-2-3; middle tarsus as 5-3-2-2-3, last segments

rather flattened; hind tarsus as 6-7-5-4-4.

Wing (Figure 217) rather oval, with slightly but

evenly curved hind margin, anal angle not prominent,

clear with brown veins; vein 2 slightly and evenly

arched, curved slightly but distinctly forward at tip;

veins 3 and 4 nearly straight, diverging from near wing

base; crossvein nearly perpendicular to vein 4, about

two-thirds as long as last of vein 5; vein 6 represented

by slight fold lying near anal margin. Knob of halter

blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 215) only slightly longer than

thorax, cylindrical, slightly compressed, dull brownish,

with short dark setae; sternites without evident auxiliary genitalia. Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown, bearing a pair of reflexed narrow

rectangular dark lamellae, each lamella with a few

long dark marginal setae; inner appendages pale,

slender and branched.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, with lower half of face

as wide as antennal segment 1; middle femur without

erect seta ventrally near base; foretarsus plain, lengths

of segments from base as 6-2-2-2-3; abdomen rather

stout, slightly flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ and allotype $ from

Mexico: Oaxaca, above Rio Valle Nacional, on wet

rocks in shaded ravines, 14 May 1963, H. Robinson

(USNM 70330). Paratypes: same locality as holotype,

20-21 December 1962, 3 $ and 1 9 ; 13-14 May

1963, 6 $ and 2 9 ; Oaxaca, Sierra Juarez, 16 May

1963, 1 3 ; Chiapas, about 10 km south of Pichucalco,
NUMBER 25 47

on wet roadside ledges, 24 May 1963, 1 $ ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—This species, like E. simplex, lacks notable

characters. Distinctions are based primarily on the detailed structure of the male foretarsus and genitalia.

Enlinia simplex, new species

FIGURES 218-221

MALE.—Length 1.0 mm; wing 1.0 mm by 0.4 mm.

Face and front dark metallic green; front dulled with

blackish-brown pollen, slightly over twice as wide as

high; face narrowed below, eyes essentially continguous

in lower half; anterior eye facets somewhat enlarged.

Palpus and proboscis dark. Antenna black, segment 3

blunt, arista nearly half again as long as face.

Thorax metallic dark green above, a little more

brownish on pleura, with slight pollen; setae yellowish

brown; about 6 pairs of small acrostichals; 6 or rarely

7 pairs of dorsocentrals, only hind pairs rather long;

scutellum hind margin rather sharply rounded in middle or evenly rounded, bristles usually slightly nearer

middle than sides.

Legs yellowish brown with trochanters, most of forecoxa, and sometimes most of forefemur rather pale;

setae mostly dark. Fore- and middle coxae with numerous pale hairs anteriorly; fore- and middle femora with

only small setae, sometimes a weak erect pale seta below

near base of middle femur; hind femur with a few

longer setae anteroventrally toward tip; middle tibia

with small but distinct seta near distal third; hind

tibia with small dorsal setae near base, distal third,

and tip. Foretarsus (Figure 218) with segments 1 and

2 compressed, 3 cylindrical with a cushion of setae

anteriorly near base and a small stout seta posteroventrally near tip, lengths of segments from base as 5-2-4-

2-3; middle tarsus as 6-4-3-3-3; hind tarsus as

6-7-5-4-4.

Wing (Figure 221) oval, with evenly curved hind

margin, anal angle not prominent, wing surface slightly

brownish tinged or clear, veins brown; vein 2 slightly

but evenly arched, curved distinctly forward at tip;

veins 3 and 4 nearly straight, diverging from near base;

crossvein nearly perpendicular to vein 4, about as long

as last of vein 5; vein 6 represented by slight fold lying

near anal margin. Knob of halter blackish.

Abdomen (Figure 219) slightly longer than thorax,

cylindrical, slightly compressed, covered above with

dull brownish pollen, rather translucent on sides, with

short dark setae; sternites without auxiliary genitalia.

Hypopygium small, capping tip of preabdomen, brown,

bearing a pair of narrow rather truncate pale brown

lamellae (Figure 220), each lamella with a few long

whitish marginal setae mostly near tip; inner appendages slender, pale brownish.

FEMALE.—Similar to male, with lower face as wide

as antennal segment 1; middle femur without erect seta

near base; foretarsus plain; abdomen slightly flattened.

TYPE-DATA.—Holotype $ from Mexico: Oaxaca,

near Huajuapan de Leon, from wet rocks by small

shaded waterfall in eroded grazed area, 11 August

1962, H. Robinson (USNM 70331). Allotype 5 :

Chiapas, near Bochil, from rocks in stream, pasture,

23 May 1963. Paratypes: same data as allotype, 4 $

and 2 9 ; Chiapas, Ixtapan, on moist limestone at roadside above river, 23 May 1963, 3 $ ; San Luis Potosi,

a few km south of Tamazunchale, on partially shaded

limestone moist from seepage, rocky ravine, 22 December 1961, 2 S ; Hidalgo, just north of Chapulhuacan,

on wet rock face above roadside spring, 10 and 30 May

1963, 7 $ and 5 9- ; Veracruz, escarpment above

Acultzingo, on wall of roadside shrine wet from waterfall, 7 August 1962, 8 $ ; all collected by H. Robinson.

NOTE.—The species seems close to E. unisetosa, but

differs by the shape of the third segment of the foretarsus, the size of the ventral seta on the middle femur,

and the shape of the hypopygial lamella.

Literature Cited

Aldrich, J. M.

1896. Dolichopodidae of St. Vincent (West Indies).

Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. 1896:309-345.

1932. New Diptera, or Two-Winged Flies, from America,

Asia, and Java, with Additional Notes. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81

(2932): 1-28, 1 plate.

1933. Notes on Diptera, No. 6. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 35:165-170.

Curran, C. H.

1934. The Families and Genera of North America Diptera.

512 pages, 235 figures, 2 plates. New York.

Robinson, H.

1964. A Synopsis of the Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the

Southeastern United States and Adjacent Regions.

Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological

Society of America, 4:103-192, figures 1-139
4 8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

1967. Revision of the Genus Harmstonia (Diptera: Doli- Takagi, Sadao

chopodidae. Proceedings of the United States 1965. A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Marine

National Museum, 123(3615): 1-16, 16 figures. Shor e Dolichopodidae of Japan (Diptera). Insecta Matsumurana, 27:49-84, plates 1-16.

Strand ' E

- Van Duzee, M. C.

1928. Miscellanea nomenclatorica zoologica et paleontol- 193 0 Donchopodidae. In Diptera of Patagonia and

ogica, I—II. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abt. A, South Chile, 5(1): 1-92, plates 1-3. British

92(8):30-75. Museum (Natural History): London.
NUMBER 25 49

FIGURES 1-15.—Enlinia elegans, new species: 1-2, wings, male and female; 3, foreleg, male;

4, middle femur, male; 5, antenna, male; 6, abdomen, male. E. ornata, new species: 7—8, wings,

male and female; 9, foreleg, male; 10, middle femur, male; 11, abdomen, male. E. anomalipennis,

new species: 12, forecoxa, male; 13, foretarsus, male; 14, middle femur, male; 15, abdomen,

male.
50 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 16—28.—Enlinia anomalipennis, new species: 16—17, wings, male and female. E.

plumicauda, new species, male: 18, abdomen; 19, foretarsus; 20, middle femur; 21, wing. E.

lobata, new species: 22, abdomen, male; 23-24, wings, male and female; 25, foreleg, male.

E. maculata, new species, male: 26, middle femur; 27, foretarsus, 28, abdomen.
NUMBER 25 51

40

FIGURES 29—40.—Enlinia maculata, new species: 29, wing, male. E. obovata, new species: 30-31,

wings, male and female; 32, foretarsus, male; 33, middle femur, male; 34, abdomen, male.

E. crinita, new species: 35, foreleg, male; 36, middle femur and tibia, male; 37, abdomen, male;

38-39, wings, male and female. E. interrupta, new species: 40, foreleg, male.
52

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 41-57.—Enlinia interrupta, new species, male: 41, wing; 42, abdomen. E. marginata,

new species, male: 43, foretarsus; 44, middle femur; 45, abdomen; 46, wing. E. ciliata Robinson,

male: 47, foretarsus; 48, wing; 49, middle femur; 50, hypopygium; 51, abdomen. E. convergens,

new species, male: 52, middle femur; 53, abdomen; 54, wing. E. albipes, new species, male: 55,

middle femur; 56, abdomen; 57, wing.
NUMBER 25 53

FIGURES 58-77.—Enlinia femorata, new species, male: 58, wing; 59, abdomen; 60, foretarsus;

61, hind femur. E. cristata, new species: 62—63, wings, male and female; 64, abdomen, male; 65,

hind femur, male. E. fasciata, new species, male: 66, foretarsus; 67, forefemur and tibia; 68, wing;

69, middle tibia. E. setosa, new species, male; 70, wing; 71, abdomen; 72, hind tibia; 73, forefemur and tibia. E. hirtitarsis, new species, male: 74, foretarsus; 75, wing; 76, hind tarsus; 77, tip

of abdomen.
54 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

^vnvvvw*^ ^ gg

91

94

FIGURES 78-96.—Enlinia fuse a, new species, male: 78, tip of abdomen; 79, foretarsus; 80, wing.

E. armata, new species, male: 81, wing; 82, forefemur and tibia. E. distincta, new species, male:

83, hind tarsus; 84, foretarsus; 85, forefemur and tibia; 86, tip of abdomen; 87, wing. E.

flavicornis, new species, male: 88, tip of abdomen; 89, foretarsus; 90, wing. E. tibialis, new

species, male: 91, right hind tibia, dorsal view; 92, hind femur; 93, foreleg; 94, middle femur

and tibia; 95, tip of abdomen; 96, wing.
NUMBER 2 5 55

FIGURES 97-114.—Enlinia elongata, new species: 97-98, wings, male and female; 99, foretarsus,

male; 100, middle tibia, male; 101-102, anterior view of face, male and female; 103, tip of

abdomen, male. E. chaetophora, new species, male: 104, tip of abdomen; 105, foretarsus; 106,

middle tibia; 107, hind femur. E. halteralis, new species, male: 108, wing; 109, foretarsus; 110,

hind tarsus; 111, tip of abdomen. E. montana, new species, male: 112, foretarsus; 113, wing; 114,

tip of abdomen.
56

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 115-130.—Enlinia latifacies, new species, male: 115, wing; 116, tip of abdomen; 117,

foreleg. E. angustifacies, new species, male: 118, anterior view of face; 119, foreleg; 120, wing;

121, middle femur; 122, tip of abdomen. E. media, new species, male: 123, tip of abdomen; 124,

foreleg; 125, fore tarsus, dorsal view; 126, middle femur and tibia; 127, wing. E. maxima, new

species, male: 128, fore tarsus; 129, tip of abdomen; 130, wing.
NUMBER 25 57

FIGURES 131—150.—Enlinia scutitarsis, new species, male: 131, wing; 132, foreleg; 133, left

middle leg, anterior view; 134, right hind leg, anterior view; 135, tip of abdomen. E. seticauda,

new species, male: 136, wing; 137, tip of abdomen; 138, foreleg; 139, hind femur. E. ratnosa,

new species, male: 140, wing; 141, tip of abdomen; 142, foreleg; 143, middle femur and tibia;

144, hind femur. E. magnicornis, new species, male: 145, foreleg; 146, wing; 147, middle femur;

148, anterior view of face; 149, antenna; 150, tip of abdomen.
58

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 151-170.—Enlinia fimbriata, new species, male: 151, wing; 152, tip of abdomen; 153,

foreleg. E. clavulifera, new species, male: 154, foretarsus; 155, tip of abdomen; 156, wing.

E. hirtipes, new species, male: 157, foreleg; 158, middle leg; 159, tip of abdomen; 160, wing.

E. ventralis, new species, male: 161, tip of abdomen; 162, wing; 163, foreleg. E. brevipes, new

species, male: 164, foreleg; 165, middle femur and tibia; 166, wing; 167, tip of abdomen.

E. nigricans, new species, male: 168, foretarsus; 169, wing; 170, tip of abdomen.
NUMBER 2 5 59

FIGURES 171-188.—Enlinia acuticornis, new species, male: 171, wing; 172, abdomen; 173, face

and front, anterior view; 174, antenna; 175, foretarsus. E. frontalis, new species: 176-177, wings,

male and female; 178, face and front, anterior view, male; 179, tip of abdomen, male; 180,

antenna, male; 181, foretarsus, male. E. caudata, new species, male: 182, tip of abdomen; 183,

wing; 184, foretarsus. E. lamellata, new species, male: 185, wing; 186, foreleg; 187, tip of

abdomen; 188, hypopygium, dorsal view showing one lamella.
60 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 189-205.—Enlinia seriata, new species, male: 189, wing; 190, foretarsus; 191, middle

femur; 192, tip of abdomen; 193, hypopygium. E. ciliifemorata, new species: 194, foreleg; 195,

middle femur and tibia; 196, tip of abdomen; 197-198, wings, male and female. E. exigua, new

species, male: 199, foreleg; 200, wing; 201, middle femur; 202, tip of abdomen. E. latipennis,

new species, male: 203, foretarsus; 204, wing; 205, tip of abdomen.
NUMBER 2 5 61

FIGURES 206-221.—Enlinia latipennis, new species: 206, face and front, anterior view, male.

E. scabrida, new species; 207-208, wings, male and female; 209, tip of abdomen, male; 210,

foretarsus, male; 211, middle tibia, male. E. brachychaeta, new species, male: 212, wing; 213,

tip of abdomen; 214, foretarsus. E. unisetosa, new species, male: 215, tip of abdomen; 216,

foreleg; 217, wing. E. simplex, new species, male: 218, foretarsus; 219, tip of abdomen; 220,

hypopygial lamella; 221, wing.
Index to Enlinia

(Page numbers of major entries in boldface.)

acuticornis, 2, 3,4, 10, 39,41

acuticornis group, 4, 39

albipes, 4, 8,19, 20

angustifacies, 9, 30,32

anomalopennis, 5, 8,13

armata, 2, 3,5, 6, 9, 22, 23, 24, 26, 28

armata group, 2, 3,4,6, 22, 26, 27

brachychaeta, 11,45

brevipes, 2, 3, 10, 38, 39

caudata, 2, 10,41

caudata group, 41

chaetophora, 3,9, 28

ciliata, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,8,19,21

ciliata group, 2, 3,4, 5,6,19, 20

ciliifemorata, 3, 7, 11,43,45

clavulifera, 10, 36

convergens, 3, 8, 19,20

crinita, 6, 8,17,18

cristata, 9, 21

distincta, 5,9, 23, 24

elegans, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8,11,12,13

elongata, 3,4, 7, 9,27, 28

elongata group, 2, 3,4,5, 27

exigua, 7, 11, 44

fasciata, 3, 9, 24, 25, 26

femorata, 9, 21,22

femorata group, 2, 3, 21

fimbriata, 3,5,10,37,41

flavicornis, 4, 9, 26

flavicornis group, 3, 26

frontalis, 2, 3, 4, 7,10,40,41

fusca, 9,23

halteralis, 3,9, 29

halteralis group, 28

hirtipes,3, 6, 7,10,35,37

hirtipes group, 4, 5, 35,38

hirtitarsis, 3,9,24

interrupta, 6, 8,18

latifacies, 3, 10, 31, 32

latipennis, 5, 7, 11,44,45

lamella ta, 10,42

lamellata group, 41

lobata, 2, 3,5, 8, 14,15

maculata, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 15, 17

magistri, 1, 2, 3,4,5, 7, 8, 12

magistri group, 3,4,5, 6, 7,11,18, 19, 20

magnicornis, 2, 7, 10, 34,35, 40,45

magnicornis group, 2, 34,45

marginata, 5, 8, 18

marginata group, 3, 4,18, 20

maxima, 3, 4, 10,30,32

media, 3, 10,32

montana, 7, 9, 29, 30, 31, 32

montana group, 2, 3,4, 7, 28, 29, 35,40,45

nigricans, 4,5, 10, 39

nigricans group, 39

obovata, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9,16, 17

ornata, 2, 3,4, 7,8,12

plumicauda, 2, 5, 8,15

ramosa, 3,4,10,34

saxicola, 2, 3, 5, 6,8, 19

scabrida, 3, 6, 11,45

scutitarsis, 3,4, 6, 7,10, 32

scutitarsis group, 32

seriata, 3, 5,11,42,43,44

seticauda, 3,4, 7, 10,33

seticauda group, 32, 33

setosa, 3,9, 25

simplex, 11,47

simplex group, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 29, 35,41,42,43, 44, 45,46

sordida, 1, 2, 3, 8,17

tibialis, 4, 9, 26

tibialis group, 3, 26

unisetosa, 6, 7, 11,46,47

ventralis, 2,10, 37, 39

ventralis group, 3,4, 37

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