Appendix H

Selected Label Restrictions and In structions for the Gas Cartridges

Dexol Gopher Gasser (EPA Reg. No. 192-49)

Target organisms: gophers and ground squirrels Use sites: lawns, golf courses, gardens, rangeland

FOR OUTDOOR USE ONLY

Environmental Hazards This product is highly toxic to wildlife. Check a ll burrows for signs of no n-target species. If present, do not treat burrows.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

USE RESTRICTIONS This product is to be used to control pocket gophers in lawns, golf c ourses and gardens and controls ground squirrels in lawns, golf cour ses and rangeland. The toxic gasses produced will travel through unplugged burrow sy stems to kill the pests. FO R OUTDOOR USE ONLY. Do not use under buildings, homes, porches, or any structure due to possible fire hazard. Dexol Gopher Gasser will not control tree squirrels.

In order for gas-producing cartridges to be effective on the pest species, a sufficient concentration of gas must be re tained in the burrow system ov er a sufficient period of time. Damp soil tends to retain toxic gasses within a burrow system better than dryer soil and, therefore, may enhance the effectiveness of th is product Use under conditi ons of extremely dry soil and vegetation also increases th e risk of starting brush fires.

POCKET GOPHER Burrow Preparation - For best results with any t oxic gas, the product should be released in the main runways in a sufficient number of locations to ensure that a lethal concentration of gas reaches the pocket gopher.

Pocket gopher burrow systems usually consist of a main burrow 4-20” (10-50cm) below the ground surface and variable numbers of latera l burrows off of the main underground runway. Deeper branches off of the main runway are us ed as nests and for food caches. Burrow diameter ranges from 2-5” (5-12cm) and va ries with the size of species.

Locate a characteristic fan-shaped soil mound wh ich has sights of recen t activity (e.g., recently excavated soil) at their plugged entrances. Remove soil plug from center of each burrow entrance. Return the next day to see if the burrow opening has b een re-plugged, indicating active use by a pocket gopher. DO NOT treat burrows that remained unplugged.

Find the horseshoe-shaped depression on one side of the plugged mound. Locate the main runway by probing the ground 15-18” (38-46 cm) fr om the mound, starting on the same side asthe depression. The main runway has been located when friction on the probe is released and it falls into the runway. Using a shovel or trowel, dig down to the main runway, taking care not to

block it with soil.

Burrow treatment — Before Lighting the Fuse: In sure the cartridge will pass easily into opening and make sure that enough materi al is on hand to close burrows.

To light fuse, hold Dexol Gopher Gasser cartridge away from your body and ignite tip of fuse with a match or lighter with a small flame. The minimum fuse burn time is 5 seconds when it is lit at the tip. DO NOT INHALE TOXI C FUMES. When it is lit, carefully insert the cartridge, fuse-end first, into one side of the open runwa y. Immediately close the op ening with a board or shovel of sod. Tamp lightly with soil to preven t gases from escaping. If smoke is seen escaping from other holes, plug them firmly with soil. Tr eat all active mounds. One cartridge placed in the end of a runway should be sufficient. One or more additional cartridges must be used if treatment takes place in the middle of runway or if a runw ay is T- shaped”. Otherwise, there is a 50% chance that the pocket gopher will be on the untreated side of th e plugged runway. Within 5 days of treatment, check area for appearance of fresh m ounds which could be the work of survivors or gophers that have moved into th e treated area. Retreat all syst ems with evidence of new pocket gopher activity.

GROUND SQUIRRELS Ground squirrel burrow design varies with the species, so il type, habitat, and climate. Burrows may be as much as 9’ deep (nearly 3 m). Bu rrow diameter varies with the body size of the species (and other factors) and may range from 2-10” (2-25cm).

It is preferable to treat gr ound squirrel burrows during the sp ring breeding season. Observe the area in early morning before tr eating burrows to confirm that ground squirrels are actively using the site. DO NOT treat unoccupied burrows. DO NOT treat burrows with evidence that a snake or weasel has entered in pursuit of prey.

Collect plenty of dirt and other material fo r closing burrow opening. Make sure openings are large enough for easy insertion of lit cartri dge. Treat each burrow opening by lighting fuse (minimum fuse time = 5 seconds) and inserting cartridge into hole fuse-end first. Cover hole immediately, taking care not to smother cartridge with loose dirt. Imme diately cover all other openings from which gas escapes. Proceed to the next closest open burrow and treat it in the same manner. Within 5 days of treatment, check area for appearance of live ground squirrels or opened burrow systems which could be the work of survivors or squirrels that have moved into the treated area. Retreat all system s with evidence of residual activity.

ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS

General Considerations

NOTICE: It is a Federal offense to use any pestic ide in a manner that results in the death of a member of an endangered species. The use of this product may pose a hazard to Federally designated endangered/threatened species.Suggested measures to protect endangered specie s in your county may exist in the EPA “Interim Measures” pamphlet. You may call EPA’s E ndangered Species Hotline, 1-800447-3813, to find out if an “Interim Measures” pamphlet exists for your county and have on e sent to you. You can also consult you local county exte nsion office or pesticide state lead agency to determine whether they have imposed any requirements in your area to protect e ndangered and threatened species.

1. Black-Footed Ferret: Do not use this product in the range of the Black -Footed Ferret. Contact

the nearest U.S Fish and Wildlife Service Offi ce (Endangered Species Specialist) before the product is used. They will arrange fo r a survey of the proposed use site. 2. Utah Prairie Dog: Do not use this product in the ra nge of the Utah Prairie Dog, which occurs

in Utah. 3. San Joaquin Kit Fox: This pesticide should not be used within 1 mile of the active dens of the San Joaquin Kit Fox in the following Californi a counties: Kern, Kings, Fresno, San Luis Obispo. Merced, Monterey, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Tula re and San Benito. Prior to use, contact the California Department of Fish and Game for recommendations. 4. Blunt-Nosed Leopard Lizard: Th is pesticide should not be used in the range of the BluntNosed Leopard Lizard in the following Califor nia Counties: Kern, Fresno, Kings, Madera, Merced and Tulare. Prior to use, contact the California Department of Fish and Game for

recommendations. 5. Eastern Indigo Snake: Do not us e this product in the range of the Eastern Indigo Snake in the following states: Mississippi, Alabama, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. 6. Desert Tortoise: This pesticid e should not be used in the crit ical habitat of the Beaver Dam slope population of the Desert Tortoise in Uta h. This comprises an area extending from the southwest facing slope of the Beaver Dam Mountains, across Highway 91, west along the

Arizona border and 10 miles to the Nevada Border.

Gas Cartridge (EPA Reg. No. 56228-2)

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS This product is highly toxic to wildlife. Check all burrows for signs of nontarget species. If present, do not treat burrows.

ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS

General Considerations NOTICE: It is a Federal offense to use any pestic ide in a manner that results in the death of a member of an endangered species.

The killing of a member of an endangered species due to the use of gas cartridges may result in a fine and/or imprisonment under th e Endangered Species Act. All users of this product must determine whether endangered species are known to occur or might occur in the intended use

areas.

Consult the nearest U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service regional office or the a ppropriate State agency for current information on habitats occupied by endangered species.Use this product according to the enclosed “Endangered Species Considerations” printed on the

back of the label attached to each cart ridge, to protect endangered species.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

it is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling.

USE RESTRICTIONS This product may be used to control woodchucks (Marmota monax), yellow- bellied marmots (M. flaviventris), ground squi rrels (Spermophilus spp.), black- tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys Iudovicianus), whitetailed prairie dogs (L. leucur us), and Gunnison prairie dogs (C. gunnisoni) in open fields, non-crop areas, rangelands, reforest ed areas, lawns and golf courses. This product may only be used underground in burrow systems. It may not be used to fumigate buildings or

other man-made structures. Do not use in or unde r buildings or near fla mmable material, or when either the soil or the vegetation in the area to be treated are in extremely dry conditions. USE

THIS PRODUCT ONLY IN BURROW SYSTEM S KNOWN TO BE IN ACTIVE USE BY

THE TARGET SPECIES.

APPLICATION DIRECTIONS: GENERAL PROCEDURES Locate and plug all entrances to the burrow syst em except the entrance selected for treatment. Obtain material needed to plug the en trance once the cartridge is applied.

APPLICATION DIRECTIONS: TA RGET-SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS Woodchucks and yellow-bellied marmots: Consult state wildlife agency before using this product for woodchuck or marmot control. Examine burrows to be sure that they are in active use by woodchucks or rockchucks. Burrows are 25 to 30 cm (10 to 12 inches) in diameter.

Active burrows have a mound of fresh soil at the main entrance and trails leading to feeding areas. Do not gas if nontarget species are observed entering or using the burro w. It is preferable to control woodchucks or marmots in February or March before young are born and leave burrows. Fewer nontarget species use the burrows in the spring. Use extra caution when treating

woodchuck or marmot burrows in October throu gh January when burrows may be inhabited by

cottontail rabbits. DO NOT tr eat unoccupied burrows.

Locate all burrow entrances if possible. Select one for treatment and close all others with rock and soil. Light fuse and insert cartridge fuse -end first as far as possible into burrows. Immediately cover opening with rock and soil, being careful not to smother cartridge.

_______________________ Ground squirrels and Prairie Dogs: Ground squirrel burrow design varies w ith the species, soil type, habitat, and climate. Burrows may be as d eep as 3 m (9 feet). Diameter varies with the body size of the species and may range from 5 to 25 cm (2 to 10 inches). Prairie dog burrows have large holes and cone-shaped mounds and may extend to 5 m (15 feet) below the surface. It is preferable to treat burrows of either genus during the sp ring breeding season. Observe the area in early morning and late evening during 24 hours before treating burrows to confirm that prairiedogs or ground squirrels are actively using the site. DO NO T treat unoccupied burrows. DO

NOT treat burrows with evidence that a snake or weasel has entered in pursuit of prey.

Burrowing owls occasionally use prairie dog burrows for breeding from May through July. Check with the local wildlife agency before using this product to determin e the possible presence of burrowing owls in the area to be treated and inspect the colony for signs of burrowing owls. The presence of owls is indicated by the pr esence of guano or shredded cow and horse dung around the burrow from May through mid-June. If bu rrowing owls are known or suspected to be present in a colony, DO NOT use the gas cartr idge in the colony from May to July.

Collect soil and other material to close burro w openings. Treat each burrow opening by lighting fuse and inserting cartridge into burrow, fuse end first (make sure burrow is large enough for easy insertion of cartridge befo re lighting fuse). Cover burrow immediately, taking care not to smother cartridge with loose soil. Immediately c over all nearby cracks in soil or openings from which smoke escapes. Proceed to nearest open burrow and follow same procedure.

Large Gas Cartridge (EPA Reg. No. 56228-21)

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS This product is highly toxic to wildlife. Check all burrows for signs of nontarget species. If present, do not treat burrows.

ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS

General Considerations NOTICE: It is a Federal offense to use any pestic ide in a manner that results in the death of a member of an endangered species.

The killing of a member of an endangered species due to the use of gas cartridges may result in a fine and/or imprisonment under th e Endangered Species Act. All users of this product must determine whether endangered species are known to occur or might occur in the intended use

areas.

Consult the nearest U.S. Fish and Wildlife region al office or the appropriate State agency for current information on habitats occupied by endangered species.

Use this product according to the specific endang ered species consideratio ns on the carton insert.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE It is a violation of Federal Law to use this pr oduct in a manner inconsis tent with its labeling.

USE RESTRICTIONS: For control of coyotes ( Canis latrans ), red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes fulva ) and striped skunks ( Mephitis mephitis ) in dens only on rangelands, crop a nd non-crop areas. Do not use near flammable material or inside buildings. USE ONLY IN DENS INACTIVE USE BY THE

TARGET SPECIES.DEN SELECTION:

COYOTES: First select a den in active use by coyotes for treatm ent. Coyote dens are normally found in steep embankments or draws and may be concealed in brush. These dens can easily be distinguished from nontarget animal dens (such as badger and fox) by the large size of the den and coyote sign around its entrance. Coyote dens range in size from 9 to 12 inches in width and 12 to 18 inches in height. Typical coyote sign ar ound the entrance includes tracks of the adults before the pups are active outside the den. After the pups become active, th eir tracks will also be present as well as their scat and the vegetation around the den will be laid flat due to the pups’ activity. Active dens may be identified by thes e signs being fresh and the pups may sometimes be heard upon approaching the entrance. DO NO T use unless the den is occupied by coyotes.

RED FOXES: Determine the den location of partic ular foxes which are pr eying on livestock or causing other damage. Such predation occurs duri ng rearing of kits. Fox tracks and drag marks of prey lead to the den, which is usually located in mixed farmlands and woodlots, in the brushy fringe of forests, or along marshes or tilled fields. The dens will be marked by remains of prey in

addition to tracks and observations. Active dens may be identified by these signs being fresh and the kits may sometimes be hear d upon approaching the entrance.

SKUNKS: Track individual skunks cr eating health or safety hazar ds or depredating endangered or threatened species. Treat a de n which the target skunk has ente red based on tracking evidence.

Do not treat dens under inhabited structures or buildings where toxic gasses could reach humans, pets, or domestic animals including livestock.

APPLICATION DIRECTIONS: Make sure cartridge will pass eas ily into opening. Close any openi ngs to den other than the one to be treated. Obtain material to plug entrance. Then, with a nail at least 1/8 inch in diameter, puncture cap at end of cartridge at points marked. Insert fuse in one of the center holes. Ensure

that there is a minimum of 3 inches of exposed fuse. Hold cartridge away from face and body, then light.

NOTE: The minimum burn time for these fuses is 5 seconds.

Place cartridge, fuse-end first, as far into th e burrow as possible. Close entrance to burrow immediately. If burrow is steep, contents of cartr idge may flow out of lighted end. If so, place cartridge as deep in burrow as possible with fuse-end up, light, and close burrow.

ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS CARTON INSERT

LARGE GAS CARTRIDGE - EPA REG. NO. 56228-21

Use of this product is subject to limitations set forth below for th e purpose of protecting endangered species,

Fresno kangaroo rat ( Dipodomys nitratoides exilis ) in Fresno and Merced Counties, California;Giant kangaroo rat ( D. ingens ) in Merced, Fresno, Kings, Tulare, Kern, San Luis Obispo, and Santa Barbara Counties, California;

Stephen’s kangaroo rat ( D. stephensi ) in Riverside, San Diego, and San Bernardino Counties, California;

Tipton kangaroo rat ( D. n. nitratoides ) in Kings, Tulare, Kern and Fresno Counties, California; Point Arena mountain beaver (A plodontia rufa nigra) in Mendocino County, California;

San Joaquin kit fox ( Vulpes macrotis mutica ), as determined by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Alameda, Contra Costa, Fresno, Ke rn, Kings, Merced, Mont erey, San Benito, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Santa Ba rbara, Santa Clara, Stanislaus or Tulare Counties, California;

Desert tortoise ( Gopherus agassizii ) in Arizona, southern Calif ornia, and southern Utah.

Use of this product within the occupied habitats of the organisms listed above is limited to qualified individuals who have been trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of nontarget species. Such indivi duals may be wildlife biologists, certified applicators, representa tives of California State or Federa l agencies, or agents of county agricultural offices or unive rsity extension services.

Black-footed ferret ( Mustela nigripes )

To limit risks to the black-footed ferret and to avoid destruction of its prey base, do not use this product within 4.3 miles (7 kilometers) of any prai rie dog town the colony is an isolated blacktailed prairie dog town less than 80 acres in size or an isolated white-tailed or Gunnison prairie dog town less than 200 acres in size, or unless the town has been appropriately surveyed, using methods acceptable to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), and found not to contain blackfooted ferrets and found by the FWS not to be a suitable site for ferret reintroductions.

Hualapi Mexican vole ( M. Mexicanus hualapalensis ) in Mohave County, Arizona;

Morro Bay kangaroo rat ( D. heermanni morroensis ) in San Luis Obispo County, California;

Utah prairie dog ( Cynomys parvidens ) in Garfield, Iron, Kane, Piute, Sevier and Wayne Counties, Utah;

Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard ( Uma inornata ) in the Coachella Valley area of southern California;

Island night lizard ( Xantusia riversiana ) on Santa Barbara, San Clemente and San Nicolas Islands, California.

Do not use this product within the occupied habitats of th e above endangered animals.

Blunt-nosed leopard lizard ( Gambelia slius )Do not use this product within th e occupied habitat of the blun t-nosed leopard lizard in Fresno, Kern, Kings, Merced, Monterey, Sa n Benito, San Luis Obispo, Sant a Barbara, Santa Clara, and Stanislaus Counties, California, from October 1 to April 15 unless a specific blunt-nosed leopard lizard protection program for this period is approved by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and fully implemented. Use of this product in occupi ed habitat of this species from April 15 through September 30 is limited to daylight hours when ai r temperatures are 77-95 degrees Farenheit (20- 30 degrees Celsius).

San Francisco garter snake ( Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia )

Do not use this product within th e occupied habitat of the San Francisco garter snake in San Mateo, San Francisco, Santa Clara, and Santa Cr uz Counties, California from November 1 to March 30 a specific San Francisco garter snake pr otection program for this period is approved by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and fully implemented. Use of this product in occupied habitat of this species under such approved programs or from April 1 through October 31 is limited to qualified individuals who have been trai ned to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of nontarget species. Such in dividuals may be wildlife biologists, certified applicators, representa tives of California State or Federa l agencies, or agents of county agricultural offices or uni versity extension offices.

Eastern indigo snake ( Drymarchan corals couperi )

Do not use this product within habitat types and locales known to s upport the Eastern indigo snake throughout Florida and th e coastal plain of Georgia.

Gopher tortoise ( Gopherus polyphemus )

Do not use this product in or adjacent to known gopher tortoise occupied habitat west of the Mobile and Tombigbee Rivers in Alabama.

Red Wolf ( Canis rufus ); Gray Wolf ( Canis lupus ).

Unless authorized by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, DO NOT use in areas where the above endangered species may have dens.

Revenge Rodent Smoke Bomb (EPA Reg. No. 9086-4)

Kills: Gophers, Woodchucks, Rats, Skunks and Ground Squirrels This product may be used on lawns, parks, golf c ourses, rangeland, reforested areas, open fields, meadows, and non-crop areas.

Environmental Hazards This product is highly toxic to wildlife. Check all burrows for signs of nontarget species. If present, do not treat burrows. See “Insert” for “Endangered Species Considerations” text.DIRECTIONS FOR USE AND ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS

DIRECTIONS FOR USE It is a violation of Federal Law to use this pr oduct in a manner inconsis tent with its labeling.

USE RESTRICTIONS: This product may be used to control pocket goph ers, woodchucks, Norway rats, skunks, and ground squirrels on lawns, parks, golf course s, rangeland, reforested areas, open fields, meadows, and non-crop areas. Not for use in No rth Carolina. This product may only be used underground in burrow systems. It may not be used to fumigate buildings, other man-made structures, or burrows which may lead into such structures. Use only fo r the sites, pest, and application methods described on this labeling.

Do not use this product anywhere where use of ga s cartridges is prohibit ed by local ordinances. Do not use this product near flammable, materials or when either the soil or the vegetation in the

area to be treated are in extremely dry conditions.

USE THIS PRODUCT ONLY IN BURROW SY STEMS KNOWN TO BE IN ACTIVE USE BY THE TARGET SPECIES. Do not apply cartri dges to burrows or dens know or believed to contain nontarget vertebrate animals. Before us ing product, read the en tire label including the

insert entitled “ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS.”

APPLICATION DIRECTIONS:

General Procedures Refer to specific directions for the type of anim al to be controlled. Thes e directions indicate how to determine whether burrow systems are active and how to treat such systems. Carefully observe areas to be treated. Apply cartridges only to burrow systems or dens currently being used by target species. Before using this product, follow these steps: 1. Read and understand the specific directions for th e type of animal that you intend to control. 2. Collect amounts of soil, rocks, and other non combustible materials sufficient for closing burrow systems.

3. Test to make sure that holes into which car tridges are to be placed are large enough for easy,

fuse-end-first insertion. 4. Assume ã’position that will permit you to light fu se and promptly insert cartridge into burrow. Hold cartridge away from body with fuse e nd pointed outward. Light fuse. DO NOT INHALE TOXIC FUMES. Place cartridge, fuse-end first, as far into the burrow as possible.

NOTE: The minimum fuse time is 5 seconds. 5. Insert cartridges into burrow immediately after fuse is lit. Do not hold burning cartridges in your hand. Do not use cartridges where vege tation is dry and likely to catch fire. 6. Immediately close treated entrance to burrow system. Cover all holes and cracks in soil where smoke escapes.Note: The effectiveness of this product will be limited under conditions of dry or porous soil which permit the escape of toxic gases from treated burrow.

Target-Specific Application Directions WOODCHUCKS: Consult State wildlife agency before using this product to control

woodchucks. Examine burrows to be sure that they are in active us e by woodchucks. Woodchuck burrows are roughly 10-12 inches in diameter. Active burrows have a mound of fresh soil at the main entrance and trails leading to feeding areas. Do not use this product if nontarget species are observed entering or using the burrow. It is pref erable to control woodchucks in February or March before young are born and leave the burrows . Fewer nontarget species use the burrows in the early Spring. Use extra caution when tr eating woodchuck burrows in October through January when the systems may be occupied by cottontail rabbits.

Locate all burrow entrances if possible. Select one for treatment and close all others with rocks and soil, being careful not to smother cartridge . Follow “General Proced ures” indicated above. Light fuse and insert cartridge fuse-end-first as far as possible into burrow. Immediately cover treated opening with rock and soil, bei ng careful not to sm other the cartridge. If initial treatment fails, re treat with two cartridges.

POCKET GOPHERS: Pocket gopher burrow systems usually consist of a main burrow 4-20” (10-50 cm) below the ground surface and variable num bers of lateral burrows off of the main underground runway. Deeper branches off of the main runway are used as nests and for food caches. Burrow diameter ranges from 2-5” (5-12 cm ) and varies with the size of the species. Locate characteristic fan-shaped soil mounds which have signs of recent pocket gopher activity (e.g., recently excavated soil) at their plugged en trances. Remove soil plug from the center of each burrow entrance. Return the next day to see if the burrow opening has been replugged, indicating active use by a pocket gopher. DO NOT treat burrows that remain unplugged. Find the horseshow-shaped depression on one si de of the mound. Locate the main runway by probing the ground 15-18” from the mound, staffing on the same side as the depression. The main runway has been located when the probe meets little or no resist ance. Using a shovel or trowel, dig down to the main runway, taking care not to block it with soil.

Make sure that cartridge will pass easily into opening and that enough material is on hand to

close burrows before lighting cartridge.

Follow “General Procedures” indicated above. Light fuse and carefully insert cartridge, fuse-end first, into one side of the ope n runway. Immediately close the ope ning with dirt or damp sod. If smoke is seen escaping from other holes, plug th em firmly with soil. Treat all active mounds. One cartridge placed in the end of a runway should be sufficient. One or more additional cartridges must be used if treatme nt takes place in the middle of a runway or if a runway is “Tshaped”. Otherwise, there is a 50% chance that th e pocket gopher will be on the untreated side of the plugged runway.

Within 5 days of treatment, check area for appe arance of fresh mounds which could be the work of survivors or gophers that have moved into the treated area. Re treat all systems with evidence of new pocket gopher activity.GROUND SQUIRRELS: Ground squirre l burrow designs vary with the species, soil type, habitat, and climate. Burrows may be as much as 9’ deep. Burrow diameter varies with the body size of the species (and other fact ors) and may range from 2-10”.

It is preferable to treat gr ound squirrel burrows during the Sp ring breeding season. Observe, the area in early morning before tr eating burrows to confirm that ground squirrels are actively using the site. DO NOT treat unoccupied burrows. DO NOT treat burrows with evidence that a snake or weasel has entered in pursuit of prey.

Follow “General Procedures” indicated above. Colle ct plenty of dirt a nd other material for closing burrow openings. Make su re openings are large enough for easy insertion of lit cartridge. Light fuse and carefully insert cartridge, fuse -end first, into the burrow entrance. Cover hole immediately, taking care not to smother cartridge with loose dirt. Imme diately cover all other openings from which gas escapes. Proceed to the next closest open burrow and treat it in’ the

same manner.

Within 5 days of treatment, check area for a ppearance of live ground squirrels or opened burrow systems which could be the work of survivors or squirrels that have moved into the treated area. Retreat all systems with evidence of residual activity. If initial treatment fails, retreat with two cartridges.

NORWAY RATS: Use this product onl y where burrows are isolated from homes, barns, and all other man-made structures. DO NOT USE inside buildings or anywhere where gases could enter buildings. Do not use in burrow systems made in l oose or dry soil or in an y flammable substrate.

Follow “General Procedures” indicated above. Colle ct plenty of dirt a nd other materials, for closing burrow openings. Treat each burrow by li ghting fuse and inserting cartridge, fuse-end first, into hole. Cover hole im mediately, taking care not to smot her cartridge with loose dirt. Immediately cover all other openings from which gas escapes. Proceed to next closest burrow

and treat as above.

SKUNKS: Track individual skunks to dens. Treat dens for which the tracking evidence indicates

that skunks have entered. Do not treat dens under structures or buildings. Do not use where toxic gases could reach humans, pets, or domestic animals including wildlife.

Make sure cartridge will pass easily onto opening. Close all know n openings to den other than the one to be treated. Obtain material to plug entrance.

Follow “General Procedures” indicated above. Light fuse and carefully insert cartridge, fuse-end first, as far as possible into the den entrance. Close hole immediately, taki ng care not to smother cartridge with loose dirt. Imme diately cover all other openings from which gas escapes. (If den entrance is steep, modified procedures may be need ed to keep the contents of the cartridge from flowing out of the burning end. Place cartridge as deep as possible in en trance with funs end facing away but elevated relativ e to the rest of cartridge. Light cartr idge in place and immediately close opening.)If initial treatment fails, re treat with two cartridges.

ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSIDERATIONS

I. General Considerations

NOTICE: It is a Federal offense to use any pestic ide in a manner that results in the death of a member of an endangered species. The use of this product may pose a hazard to Federally designated endangered/threatened species.

To protect endangered species, use this pr oduct according to the “Endangered Species

Considerations” section of the enclosed “Pamphlet Insert” and the guidance in the following paragraph.

Suggested measures to protect endangered specie s in your county may exist in an EPA “Interim Measures” pamphlet. You may call EPA’s Enda ngered Species Hotline, 1-800-447-3813, to fmd out if any “Interim Measures” pamphlet exists for you county and have on e sent to you. You can also consult your local county ex tension office or pesticide state lead agency to determine whether they have imposed any requirements in your area to protect endangered and threatened species.

II. Specific Considerations 1: Black-Footed Ferret: Do not use this product in the range of the Black -footed ferret. Contact

the nearest U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service offi ce, Endangered Species Specialist, before the product is used. They will arrange fo r a survey of the proposed use site. 2. Utah Prairie Dog: Do not us e this product in the range of the Utah Prairie Dog. (Utah) 3. San Joaquin Kit Fox: This pesticide should not be used within one mile of active dens of the San Jóaquin kit fox in the fo llowing California counties: Ker n, Kings, Fresno, San Luis Obispo, Merced, Monterey, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Tula re and San Denito. Prior to use, contact the California Department of Fish and Game for recommendations. 4. Blunt-Nosed Leopard Lizard: Th is pesticide should not be used in the range of the Bluntnosed leopard lizard in the fo llowing California counties: Ker n, Fresno, Kings, Madera, Merced and Tulare. Prior to use, contact the Calif ornia Department of Fish and Game for

recommendations. 5. Easter Indigo Snake: Do not us e this product in the range of the Eastern Indigo snake in the following states: Mississippi, Alabama, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. 6. Desert Tortoise: This pesticid e should not be used in the crit ical habitat of the Beaver Dam slope population of the Desert tortoise in Uta h. This comprises an area extending from the southwest-facing slope of the Beaver Dam mountains, across Highway 91, west along the

Arizona border and 10 miles to the Nevada border.

SMOKE’em (EPA Reg. No. 358-137; based on an old available label 358-137)

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDSGases produced by this product are highly toxic to wildlife Check all burrows for signs of nontargets. If present, do not treat burrows. See enclosed “Endangered Species Considerations”

below.

Woodchucks (open fields, non.crop areas). Locate all entrances. Select one for use and close all

other entrances with rock and dirt . Light fuse, insert fuse-end fi rst. Cover with rock and dirt being careful not lo smother the cartridge with dirt. Consult stat e game laws before using this product for woodchuck control.

Ground Squirrels (rangeland): Colle ct plenty of dirt and othe r material for closing burrow openings.

Treat each burrow opening by lighting fuse and in serting cartridge fuse -end first into hole. (Make sure hole is large enough fo r easy insertion before lighting fuse.) Cover hole immediately, taking care not to smother cartri dge with loose dirt. Immediatel y, cover all openings from which gas escapes. Proceed to the next cl osest open burrow and treat as above.

Endangered Species Considerations

Black-Footed Ferret: “Do not use this product in the range of the Black-footed ferret. Contact the nearest U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office (Endangered Species Sp ecialist before the product is used. They will arrange for a survey of the proposed use site.”

Utah Prairie dog: “In Utah do not use this product in the range of the Utah Prairie dog.”

San Joaquin Kit Fox: “This pesticide should not be used within 1 mile of active dens of the San Joaquin kit fox in the following California counties: Ke rn, Kings, Fresno San Luis Ob ispo, Merced, Monterey, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Tulare and San Benito. Prior to use contact the Californ ia Department of Fish

and Game for recommendations.”

Blunt-Nosed Leopard Lizard: “This pesticide should not be used in the range of the Blunt-nosed leopard lizard in the following California counties: Kern, Fresno, Kings, Madera, Me rced, and Tulare. Prio r to use, contact the California Department of Fish and Game for recommendations.”

Eastern Indigo Snake: “Do not use this product in the range of tile Eastern indigo snake in the following states: Mississippi. Alabama. South Caro lina. Georgia, and Florida.”

Desert Tortoise: - “This pesticide should not be used in the critical habitat of th e Beaver Dam slope population of the Desert tortoise in Utah. This comprises an ar ea extending from the s outhwest (acing slope ofthe Beaver Dam Mountains, across Highway 91, we st along the Arizona border and 10 mites to

the Nevada border.”

The Giant Destroyer (EPA Reg. No. 10551-1)

The following is based on a partially illegible label.

DIRECTIONS: Insert fuse in hole at end of car tridge. Light and place lighted end into hole, tunnel, or burrow. COVER ALL openings from which gas escapes. Insert ADDITIONAL tubes in other holes which may exist.

HOW TO USE THE GIANT DESTROYER

1. Find main runway and clear one opening for easy cartridge insertion. Make sure all other openings are sealed.

2. Insert fuse firmly into cartridge end making sure to leave two inches of fuse exposed.

3. Light fuse and insert cartridge into r unway opening. Minimum burning time 5 seconds.

4. When cartridge begins to smoke, co ver opening completely with dirt.

FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS:

Use only inside of burrows, never inside of building.

MOLES (lawns, gulf courses, non-cr op areas) – To locate the main runway look for fresh conical

mounds of dirt. Select the freshest of these. Remove plug and dig in direction of the main runway. If lateral to the mound is plugged, e ither dig past the plug or probe ground around the plug to locate a runway. Main runway will be fo und when probe meets little of no resistance. When runway is found, prepare an opening into runway large enough so that cartridge can be inserted easily. Collect sufficient dirt and other material for closing hole. Light fuse and insert cartridge into hole fuse-end first. Cover cartridge quickly, but ta ke care not to smother it with dirt. Quickly close any holes where gas escapes. If your excavatio ns have divided main runway into sections, treat each portion.

POCKET GOPHERS (meadows, reforested areas). Locate fan-shaped mounds with signs of recent gopher activity. Find the horseshoe-shaped depression on one side of the mound. To locate the main runway, probe ground to 18 inch es from mound to the same side is the depression... Dig down the main runway taking care not to block it off with dirt. Create an opening large enough for easy inserti on of the cartridge. Conduct e nough dirt and other material to close the opening. Light fuse and insert fuse -end first. Immediatel y cover opening taking care not to smother cartridge with loose di rt. Cover any openings where gasses...

WOODCHUCKS (open fields, non-cr op areas...) Locate all burrow en trances. Select one for

use and cover all other entrances with...and dirt. Li ght fuse and insert cartridge fuse end first. Cover with...and dirt being...smother cartridge with dirt. Consult state game laws before using this product for woodchuck control.NORWAY RAT (non-crop areas) Use only where burrows are isol ated from homes, barnes, and

all other man made structures. DO NOT USE in side buildings or anywhere where gasses could...buildings. Collect plenty of dirt or ot her materials for closi ng the burrow openings. Treat each burrow opening by lighting fuse and inse rting cartridge, fuse e nd first into hole. Make sure hole is large enough for easy inserti on before lighting fuse. Cover hole immediately, taking care not to smother cartri dge with lose dirt. Immediatel y cover all other openings from which gas escapes. Proceed to next closest burrow and treat as above.

GROUND SQUIRRELS (rangela nd) Collect plenty of dirt and other material for closing burrow openings. Treat each burrow opening by lighting fuse and inserting cartridge fuse end first into hole. (Make sure ...large enough for easy insertion before lighting fuse.)...

SKUNKS...KANSAS: Need wild life permit (see insert).

For larger animals or longer runways, use more than one cartridge.