DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA

FOURTH DISTRICT

DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN & FAMILIES and GUARDIAN AD LITEM,

Appellants,

v.

F.A.P., the mother, and M.M., the father,

Appellees.

No. 4D19-2997

[February 26, 2020]

Appeal from the Circuit Court for the Nineteenth Judicial Circuit, St. 

Lucie County; Robert B. Meadows, Judge; L.T. Case No. 

562018DP000089.

Andrew Feigenbaum of Children’s Legal Services, West Palm Beach, for

appellant Department of Children & Families.

Thomasina F. Moore, Statewide Director of Appeals, and Laura J. Lee, 

Senior Attorney, Statewide Guardian ad Litem Office, Tallahassee, for 

appellant Guardian ad Litem.

No brief filed for appellees.

LEVINE, C.J.

After the trial court denied an expedited petition to terminate parental 

rights, it then failed to also consider dependency as statutorily required. 

Based on that statute, the parents’ concession below, and the evidence in 

the record, we reverse and remand for the trial court to adjudicate the 

child dependent. 

The parents brought their six-month-old child, A.M., to the hospital 

because the child was screaming in pain. According to the parents, the 

child’s leg had been swollen and clenched for several days. An 

examination revealed a spiral fracture in the femur and a fracture in the 

healing stages in the wrist. The fracture in the femur would have occurred 

from a significant amount of twisting force, while the fracture in the wrist

likely resulted from direct blunt force. The parents explained that the wrist 

fracture could have occurred when a dog jumped on the bed where the 
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child was sleeping and that the femur fracture could have occurred when

the child was playing in an “Exersaucer” toy. Although the trial court 

found that the evidence did not support termination, it also failed to make 

any determination as to dependency. 

On appeal, the Department and guardian ad litem challenge only the 

trial court’s failure to make a dependency determination. They do not 

challenge the trial court’s denial of termination of parental rights. 

The issue of whether the trial court correctly applied the law is reviewed 

de novo. R.J. v. Fla. Dep’t of Children & Families, 187 So. 3d 362, 363 (Fla. 

4th DCA 2016). 

“When a trial court finds the requirements for termination of parental 

rights were not proven, the court must then determine, as part of its 

dispositional powers under section 39.811(1), Florida Statutes (2016), 

whether the evidence supports the child being adjudicated dependent.” In 

Interest of K.W., 234 So. 3d 835, 836 (Fla. 2d DCA 2018). As section 

39.811, Florida Statutes, explains:

(1) If the court finds that the grounds for termination of 

parental rights have not been established by clear and 

convincing evidence, the court shall:

(a) If grounds for dependency have been established, 

adjudicate or readjudicate the child dependent and:

1. Enter an order placing or continuing the child in out-ofhome care under a case plan; or

2. Enter an order returning the child to the parent or parents. 

The court shall retain jurisdiction over a child returned to 

the parent or parents for a period of 6 months, but, at that 

time, based on a report of the social service agency and any 

other relevant factors, the court shall make a 

determination as to whether its jurisdiction shall continue 

or be terminated.

(b) If grounds for dependency have not been established, 

dismiss the petition.

(emphasis added). See also Fla. R. Juv. P. 8.525(j). 

In this case, after finding no grounds for termination, the trial court did 
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not comply with its statutory duty to consider dependency. We reverse 

and remand for the trial court to adjudicate the child dependent because

the parents conceded to dependency in their proposed final judgment, and 

the record supports a finding of dependency as evidenced by the child’s 

two fractures as well as the parents’ delay in seeking treatment. See § 

39.01(15)(a), Fla. Stat. (defining a dependent child as one who has been

abandoned, abused, or neglected); § 39.01(2) Fla. Stat. (defining abuse as 

including an act that harms the child); § 39.01(35)(a)(1)(b), Fla. Stat. 

(defining harm as including the infliction of bone fractures); § 39.01(50), 

Fla. Stat. (stating that neglect occurs when a child is deprived of medical 

treatment). In addition to adjudicating the child dependent, the trial court 

must also determine the child’s placement in accordance with section 

39.811(1)(a). 

Reversed and remanded with instructions. 

GROSS and DAMOORGIAN, JJ., concur. 

* * *

Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.