# Patent

## Title
Method of manufacturing an input device

## Abstract

Input device manufacture techniques are described. In one or more implementations, a plurality of layers of a key assembly is positioned in a fixture such that one or more projections of the fixture are disposed through one or more openings in each of the one or more layers. The positioned plurality of layers is secured to each other.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/595,700, filed Aug. 27, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,064,654, and titled “Method of Manufacturing an Input Device,” which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to the following U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, the entire disclosures of each of these applications being incorporated by reference in their entirety:
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/647,405, filed May 15, 2012, and titled “DFM for Assembly Process;” and
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/606,301, filed Mar. 2, 2012, and titled “Input Device Functionality.”


BACKGROUND
Mobile computing devices have been developed to increase the functionality that is made available to users in a mobile setting. For example, a user may interact with a mobile phone, tablet computer, or other mobile computing device to check email, surf the web, compose texts, interact with applications, and so on. However, traditional mobile computing devices often employed a virtual keyboard that was accessed using touchscreen functionality of the device. This was generally employed to maximize an amount of display area of the computing device.
Use of the virtual keyboard, however, could be frustrating to a user that desired to provide a significant amount of inputs, such as to enter a significant amount of text to compose a long email, document, and so forth. Thus, conventional mobile computing devices were often perceived to have limited usefulness for such tasks, especially in comparison with ease at which users could enter text using a conventional keyboard, e.g., of a conventional desktop computer. Use of the conventional keyboards, though, with the mobile computing device could decrease the mobility of the mobile computing device and thus could make the mobile computing device less suited for its intended use in mobile settings.
SUMMARY
Input device manufacture techniques are described. In one or more implementations, a plurality of layers of a key assembly is positioned in a fixture such that one or more projections of the fixture are disposed through one or more openings in each of the one or more layers. The positioned plurality of layers is secured to each other.
In one or more implementations, a carrier is positioned proximal to a fixture, the carrier having positioned therein a key assembly disposed between first and second outer layers and a connection portion having a magnetic coupling device configured to be secured to a computing device. The positioning is performed to align and secure the magnetic coupling device to a portion of the fixture. One or more operations are performed to secure the first and second outer layers of the positioned carrier.
In one or more implementations, a key assembly is formed by securing a plurality of layers positioned in a first fixture such that one or more projections of the fixture are disposed through one or more openings in each of the one or more layers. A carrier is then positioned proximal to a second fixture, the carrier having positioned therein the formed key assembly disposed between first and second outer layers and a connection portion having a magnetic coupling device configured to be secured to a computing device, the positioning performed to align and magnetically secure the magnetic coupling device to a portion of the second fixture.
This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The use of the same reference numbers in different instances in the description and the figures may indicate similar or identical items. Entities represented in the figures may be indicative of one or more entities and thus reference may be made interchangeably to single or plural forms of the entities in the discussion.
FIG. 1 is an illustration of an environment in an example implementation that is operable to employ the techniques described herein.
FIG. 2 depicts an example implementation of an input device of FIG. 1 as showing a flexible hinge in greater detail.
FIG. 3 depicts an example implementation showing a perspective view of a connecting portion of FIG. 2 that includes mechanical coupling protrusions and a plurality of communication contacts.
FIG. 4 depicts a plurality of layers of the input device of FIG. 2 in a perspective exploded view.
FIG. 5 depicts an example of a cross-sectional view of a pressure sensitive key of a keyboard of the input device of FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 depicts an example of a pressure sensitive key of FIG. 5 as having pressure applied at a first location of a flexible contact layer to cause contact with a corresponding first location of a sensor substrate.
FIG. 7 depicts an example of the pressure sensitive key of FIG. 5 as having pressure applied at a second location of the flexible contact layer to cause contact with a corresponding second location of the sensor substrate.
FIG. 8 illustrates an example of the flexible contact layer of a single pressure sensitive key that is configured to normalize outputs generated at a plurality of locations of the switch.
FIG. 9 depicts an example of a pressure sensitive key of FIG. 5 that includes a plurality of sensors to detect pressure at different locations.
FIG. 10 depicts an example of conductors of a sensor substrate of a pressure sensitive key that is configured to normalize signals generated at different locations of the pressure sensitive key.
FIG. 11 depicts an example of a pressure sensitive key of FIG. 5 as employing a force concentrator layer.
FIG. 12 an example of the pressure sensitive key of FIG. 11 as having pressure applied at a plurality of different locations of the force concentrator layer to cause a flexible contact layer to contact a sensor substrate.
FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a view of a cross section of a keyboard that includes a plurality of pressure sensitive keys that employ the force concentrator layer.
FIG. 14 depicts an example implementation showing a support layer that is configured to support operation of the flexible hinge as well as protect components of the input device during this operation.
FIG. 15 depicts a bottom view of a pressure sensitive key of FIG. 5 as having a flexible contact layer secured at a plurality of locations along edges of the key.
FIG. 16 depicts another version of FIG. 15 in which a securing portion is moved to a different location along an edge of the key.
FIG. 17A depicts an example of an adhesive layer applied as part of a keyboard having a plurality of keys in which different arrangements of adhesive are used for different keys.
FIG. 17B depicts another example implementation of a layer incorporating a matric that may be used to reduce air entrapment.
FIG. 18 depicts an example of surface mount hardware elements that may be used to support functionality of the input device of FIG. 1.
FIG. 19A illustrates an example implementation in which the surface mount hardware element of FIG. 18 is depicted as being nested in one or more layers of the input device.
FIG. 19B depicts an example implementation of a system for forming a key assembly.
FIG. 20 depicts an example implementation showing a top view of an outer surface of the input device of FIG. 1 that includes a plurality of keys.
FIG. 21 depicts a cross section view of the outer layer of FIGS. 4 and 20.
FIG. 22 depicts a cross section view of an outer layer of FIG. 4.
FIG. 23 depicts a cross section view of an outer layer of FIG. 21 in which a border of a key is formed in an outer skin.
FIG. 24 depicts an example implementation in which first and second depressions of FIG. 23 are formed in an outer skin of an outer layer.
FIG. 25 depicts an example implementation in which a portion of an outer skin is removed to expose a middle layer to form an indication of a function of a key or other indication.
FIG. 26 depicts an example implementation in which removal of a portion of an outer skin causes a middle layer to expand through an opening formed in the outer skin.
FIG. 27 depicts an example implementation in which a cross section is shown in which an outer layer of FIG. 26 is secured to a key assembly.
FIG. 28 depicts an example implementation in which a cross section is shown in which an outer layer of FIG. 22 is secured for assembly as part of the input device.
FIG. 29 depicts an example implementation in which outer layers are secured to each other to form an edge proximal to an input portion of the input device.
FIG. 30 depicts an example implementation in which a carrier is used to assemble the input device.
FIG. 31 depicts an example implementation showing a cross sectional view of outer layers as being secured to a spine of a connection portion.
FIG. 32 depicts an example implementation in which a projection is secured to the spine of FIG. 31 to form the connection portion.
FIG. 33 depicts an example implementation in which a top view of the connection portion is shown.
FIG. 34 depicts a cross section view of the connection portion of FIG. 33.
FIG. 35 depicts an example cross sectional view of a first pin of FIG. 34 as securing a metal spine to plastic of the connection portion to form a laminate structure.
FIG. 36 depicts an example part of an assembly process of the input device in which the carrier of FIG. 30 is folded.
FIG. 37 depicts an example result of folding of the carrier of FIG. 36.
FIG. 38 depicts an example implementation of a cross section taken along an axis of the input device as disposed within the carrier as folded as shown in FIG. 37.
FIG. 39 depicts an example of a magnetic coupling portion that may be employed by the input device or computing device to implement a flux fountain.
FIG. 40 depicts another example of a magnetic coupling portion that may be employed by the input device or computing device to implement a flux fountain.
FIG. 41 illustrates an example system including various components of an example device that can be implemented as any type of computing device as described with reference to the other figures to implement embodiments of the techniques described herein.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Overview
Input devices may be configured to support a thin form factor, such as approximately three and a half millimeters and smaller in thickness of the device. However, because of this form factor conventional techniques used to assemble such devices could result in imperfections due to this form factor, such as wrinkles and so on caused during assembly of layers of the device.
Input device manufacturing techniques are described. In one or more implementations, a plurality of layers of a key assembly is positioned in the fixture. Projections of the fixture are disposed through openings of the layers, thereby aligning the layers to each other. The plurality of layers may then be secured to each other, e.g., through use of adhesives, lamination, and so on. In this way, the fixture may be used to assembly layers having a degree of flexibility that is greater than traditional key assemblies, further discussion of which may be found beginning in relation to a discussion of FIG. 19B.
In one or more implementations, a fixture is used to secure a connection portion that includes a magnetic connection portion. In this way, the connection portion may be restricted from movement during manufacturing operations, such as to laminate outer layers together that have a key assembly (e.g., the key assembly described above) disposed in between. Further discussion of these techniques may be found beginning in relation to FIG. 38.
In the following discussion, an example environment is first described that may employ the techniques described herein. Example procedures are then described which may be performed in the example environment as well as other environments. Consequently, performance of the example procedures is not limited to the example environment and the example environment is not limited to performance of the example procedures. Further, although an input device is described, other devices are also contemplated that do not include input functionality, such as covers.
Example Environment
FIG. 1 is an illustration of an environment 100 in an example implementation that is operable to employ the techniques described herein. The illustrated environment 100 includes an example of a computing device 102 that is physically and communicatively coupled to an input device 104 via a flexible hinge 106. The computing device 102 may be configured in a variety of ways. For example, the computing device 102 may be configured for mobile use, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer as illustrated, and so on. Thus, the computing device 102 may range from full resource devices with substantial memory and processor resources to a low-resource device with limited memory and/or processing resources. The computing device 102 may also relate to software that causes the computing device 102 to perform one or more operations.
The computing device 102, for instance, is illustrated as including an input/output module 108. The input/output module 108 is representative of functionality relating to processing of inputs and rendering outputs of the computing device 102. A variety of different inputs may be processed by the input/output module 108, such as inputs relating to functions that correspond to keys of the input device 104, keys of a virtual keyboard displayed by the display device 110 to identify gestures and cause operations to be performed that correspond to the gestures that may be recognized through the input device 104 and/or touchscreen functionality of the display device 110, and so forth. Thus, the input/output module 108 may support a variety of different input techniques by recognizing and leveraging a division between types of inputs including key presses, gestures, and so on.
In the illustrated example, the input device 104 is configured as a keyboard having a QWERTY arrangement of keys although other arrangements of keys are also contemplated. Further, other non-conventional configurations are also contemplated, such as a game controller, configuration to mimic a musical instrument, and so forth. Thus, the input device 104 and keys incorporated by the input device 104 may assume a variety of different configurations to support a variety of different functionality.
As previously described, the input device 104 is physically and communicatively coupled to the computing device 102 in this example through use of a flexible hinge 106. The flexible hinge 106 is flexible in that rotational movement supported by the hinge is achieved through flexing (e.g., bending) of the material forming the hinge as opposed to mechanical rotation as supported by a pin, although that embodiment is also contemplated. Further, this flexible rotation may be configured to support movement in one direction (e.g., vertically in the figure) yet restrict movement in other directions, such as lateral movement of the input device 104 in relation to the computing device 102. This may be used to support consistent alignment of the input device 104 in relation to the computing device 102, such as to align sensors used to change power states, application states, and so on.
The flexible hinge 106, for instance, may be formed using one or more layers of fabric and include conductors formed as flexible traces to communicatively couple the input device 104 to the computing device 102 and vice versa. This communication, for instance, may be used to communicate a result of a key press to the computing device 102, receive power from the computing device, perform authentication, provide supplemental power to the computing device 102, and so on. The flexible hinge 106 may be configured in a variety of ways, further discussion of which may be found in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 2 depicts an example implementation 200 of the input device 104 of FIG. 1 as showing the flexible hinge 106 in greater detail. In this example, a connection portion 202 of the input device is shown that is configured to provide a communicative and physical connection between the input device 104 and the computing device 102. In this example, the connection portion 202 has a height and cross section configured to be received in a channel in the housing of the computing device 102, although this arrangement may also be reversed without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
The connection portion 202 is flexibly connected to a portion of the input device 104 that includes the keys through use of the flexible hinge 106. Thus, when the connection portion 202 is physically connected to the computing device the combination of the connection portion 202 and the flexible hinge 106 supports movement of the input device 104 in relation to the computing device 102 that is similar to a hinge of a book.
For example, rotational movement may be supported by the flexible hinge 106 such that the input device 104 may be placed against the display device 110 of the computing device 102 and thereby act as a cover. The input device 104 may also be rotated so as to be disposed against a back of the computing device 102, e.g., against a rear housing of the computing device 102 that is disposed opposite the display device 110 on the computing device 102.
Naturally, a variety of other orientations are also supported. For instance, the computing device 102 and input device 104 may assume an arrangement such that both are laid flat against a surface as shown in FIG. 1. In another instance, a typing arrangement may be supported in which the input device 104 is laid flat against a surface and the computing device 102 is disposed at an angle to permit viewing of the display device 110, e.g., such as through use of a kickstand disposed on a rear surface of the computing device 102. Other instances are also contemplated, such as a tripod arrangement, meeting arrangement, presentation arrangement, and so forth.
The connecting portion 202 is illustrated in this example as including magnetic coupling devices 204, 206, mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210, and a plurality of communication contacts 212. The magnetic coupling devices 204, 206 are configured to magnetically couple to complementary magnetic coupling devices of the computing device 102 through use of one or more magnets. In this way, the input device 104 may be physically secured to the computing device 102 through use of magnetic attraction.
The connecting portion 202 also includes mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 to form a mechanical physical connection between the input device 104 and the computing device 102. The mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 are shown in greater detail in the following figure.
FIG. 3 depicts an example implementation 300 shown a perspective view of the connecting portion 202 of FIG. 2 that includes the mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 and the plurality of communication contacts 212. As illustrated, the mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 are configured to extend away from a surface of the connecting portion 202, which in this case is perpendicular although other angles are also contemplated.
The mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 are configured to be received within complimentary cavities within the channel of the computing device 102. When so received, the mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 promote a mechanical binding between the devices when forces are applied that are not aligned with an axis that is defined as correspond to the height of the protrusions and the depth of the cavity.
For example, when a force is applied that does coincide with the longitudinal axis described previously that follows the height of the protrusions and the depth of the cavities, a user overcomes the force applied by the magnets solely to separate the input device 104 from the computing device 102. However, at other angles the mechanical coupling protrusion 208, 210 are configured to mechanically bind within the cavities, thereby creating a force to resist removal of the input device 104 from the computing device 102 in addition to the magnetic force of the magnetic coupling devices 204, 206. In this way, the mechanical coupling protrusions 208, 210 may bias the removal of the input device 104 from the computing device 102 to mimic tearing a page from a book and restrict other attempts to separate the devices.
The connecting portion 202 is also illustrated as including a plurality of communication contacts 212. The plurality of communication contacts 212 is configured to contact corresponding communication contacts of the computing device 102 to form a communicative coupling between the devices. The communication contacts 212 may be configured in a variety of ways, such as through formation using a plurality of spring loaded pins that are configured to provide a consistent communication contact between the input device 104 and the computing device 102. Therefore, the communication contact may be configured to remain during minor movement of jostling of the devices. A variety of other examples are also contemplated, including placement of the pins on the computing device 102 and contacts on the input device 104.
FIG. 4 depicts a plurality of layers of the input device 104 in a perspective exploded view 400. At top, an outer layer 402 is shown which may be configured using an embossed fabric (e.g., 0.6 millimeter polyurethane) in which the embossing is used to provide indications of underlying keys as well as indications of respective functions of the keys.
A force concentrator 404 is disposed beneath the outer layer 402. The force concentrator 402 may be configured to provide a mechanical filter, force direction, and to hide witness lines of underlying components as further described in the “Force Concentrator” section below.
Below the force concentrator 404 in this example is a pressure sensitive sensor stack 406. The pressure sensitive sensor stack 406 may include layers used to implement pressure sensitive keys, as further described in the “Pressure Sensitive Key” section below.
A support layer 408 is illustrated below the pressures sensitive key 406 assembly. The support layer 408 is configured to support the flexible hinge 106 and conductors included therein from damage. Further discussion of the support layer 408 may be found in relation to the “Support Layer” section.
An adhesive layer 410 is illustrated as disposed beneath the support layer 408 and above a support board 412 which is configured to add mechanical stiffness to an input portion of the input device 104. The adhesive layer 410 may be configured in a variety of ways to secure the support board 412 to the support layer 408. The adhesive layer 410, for instance, may be configured to include a dot matrix of adhesive on both sides of the layer. Therefore, air is permitted to escape as the layers are rolled together, thereby reducing wrinkles and air bubbles between the layers. In the illustrated example, the adhesive layer 410 also includes a nesting channel configured to support flexible printed circuit routing, e.g., between controllers, sensors, or other modules and the pressure sensitive keys and/or communication contacts of the connection portion 202. Beneath the support board 412 is a backer layer 414 with PSA and an outer surface 416. The outer surface 416 may be formed from a material that is the same as or different from the other outer surface 402.
Pressure Sensitive Sensor Stack
FIG. 5 depicts an example of a cross-sectional view of a pressure sensitive key 500 of a keyboard of the input device 104 of FIG. 2 that forms the pressure sensitive sensor stack 406. The pressure sensitive key 500 in this example is illustrated as being formed using a flexible contact layer 502 (e.g., Mylar) that is spaced apart from the sensor substrate 504 using a spacer layer 506 508, which may be formed as another layer of Mylar, formed on the sensor substrate 504, and so on. In this example, the flexible contact layer 502 does not contact the sensor substrate 504 absent application of pressure against the flexible contact layer 502.
The flexible contact layer 502 in this example includes a force sensitive ink 510 disposed on a surface of the flexible contact layer 502 that is configured to contact the sensor substrate 504. The force sensitive ink 510 is configured such that an amount of resistance of the ink varies directly in relation to an amount of pressure applied. The force sensitive ink 510, for instance, may be configured with a relatively rough surface that is compressed against the sensor substrate 504 upon an application of pressure against the flexible contact layer 502. The greater the amount of pressure, the more the force sensitive ink 510 is compressed, thereby increasing conductivity and decreasing resistance of the force sensitive ink 510. Other conductors may also be disposed on the flexible contact layer 502 without departing form the spirit and scope therefore, including other types of pressure sensitive and non-pressure sensitive conductors.
The sensor substrate 504 includes one or more conductors 512 disposed thereon that are configured to be contacted by the force sensitive ink 510 of the flexible contact layer 502. When contacted, an analog signal may be generated for processing by the input device 104 and/or the computing device 102, e.g., to recognize whether the signal is likely intended by a user to provide an input for the computing device 102. A variety of different types of conductors 512 may be disposed on the sensor substrate 504, such as formed from a variety of conductive materials (e.g., silver, copper), disposed in a variety of different configurations as further described in relation to FIG. 9, and so on.
FIG. 6 depicts an example 600 of the pressure sensitive key 500 of FIG. 5 as having pressure applied at a first location of the flexible contact layer 502 to cause contact of the force sensitive ink 510 with a corresponding first location of the sensor substrate 504. The pressure is illustrated through use of an arrow in FIG. 6 and may be applied in a variety of ways, such as by a finger of a user's hand, stylus, pen, and so on. In this example, the first location at which pressure is applied as indicated by the arrow is located generally near a center region of the flexible contact layer 502 that is disposed between the spacer layers 506, 508. Due to this location, the flexible contact layer 502 may be considered generally flexible and thus responsive to the pressure.
This flexibility permits a relatively large area of the flexible contact layer 502, and thus the force sensitive ink 510, to contact the conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504. Thus, a relatively strong signal may be generated. Further, because the flexibility of the flexible contact layer 502 is relatively high at this location, a relatively large amount of the force may be transferred through the flexible contact layer 502, thereby applying this pressure to the force sensitive ink 510. As previously described, this increase in pressure may cause a corresponding increase in conductivity of the force sensitive ink and decrease in resistance of the ink. Thus, the relatively high amount of flexibility of the flexible contact layer at the first location may cause a relatively stronger signal to be generated in comparison with other locations of the flexible contact layer 502 that located closer to an edge of the key, an example of which is described in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 7 depicts an example 700 of the pressure sensitive key 500 of FIG. 5 as having pressure applied at a second location of the flexible contact layer 502 to cause contact with a corresponding second location of the sensor substrate 504. In this example, the second location of FIG. 6 at which pressure is applied is located closer to an edge of the pressure sensitive key (e.g., closer to an edge of the spacer layer 508) than the first location of FIG. 5. Due to this location, the flexible contact layer 502 has reduced flexibility when compared with the first location and thus less responsive to pressure.
This reduced flexibility may cause a reduction in an area of the flexible contact layer 502, and thus the force sensitive ink 510, that contacts the conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504. Thus, a signal produced at the second location may be weaker than a signal produced at the first location of FIG. 6.
Further, because the flexibility of the flexible contact layer 502 is relatively low at this location, a relatively low amount of the force may be transferred through the flexible contact layer 502, thereby reducing the amount of pressure transmitted to the force sensitive ink 510. As previously described, this decrease in pressure may cause a corresponding decrease in conductivity of the force sensitive ink and increase in resistance of the ink in comparison with the first location of FIG. 5. Thus, the reduced flexibility of the flexible contact layer 502 at the second location in comparison with the first location may cause a relatively weaker signal to be generated. Further, this situation may be exacerbated by a partial hit in which a smaller portion of the user's finger is able to apply pressure at the second location of FIG. 7 in comparison with the first location of FIG. 6.
However, as previously described techniques may be employed to normalize outputs produced by the switch at the first and second locations. This may be performed in a variety of ways, such as through configuration of the flexible contact layer 502 as described in relation to FIG. 8, use of a plurality of sensors as described in relation to FIG. 9, configuration of the sensor substrate 504 as described in relation to FIG. 10, use of a force concentrator layer as described in relation to FIGS. 11-13, use of securing as described in relation to FIGS. 14-16, and combinations thereof as further described in relation to the following sections.
Flexible Contact Layer
FIG. 8 illustrates an example 800 of the flexible contact layer of a single pressure sensitive key that is configured to normalize outputs generated at a plurality of locations of the switch. In this example, a view of the “bottom” or “underside” of the flexible contact layer 502 of FIG. 5 is shown that is configured to contact the conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504.
The flexible contact layer 502 is illustrated as having first and second sensing areas 802, 804. The first sensing area 802 in this example corresponds generally to the first location at which pressure was applied in FIG. 6 and the second sensing area 804 corresponds generally to the second location at which pressure was applied in FIG. 7.
As previously described, flexing of the flexible contact layer 502 due to changes in distances from an edge of the switch may cause relatively stronger signals to be generated as distances increase from an edge of the key. Therefore, in this example the first and second sensing areas 802, 804 are configured to normalize the signals 806 generated at the different locations. This may be done in a variety of ways, such as by having a higher conductivity and less resistance at the second sensing area 804 in comparison with the first sensing area 802.
The differences in conductivity and/or resistance may be achieved using a variety of techniques. For example, one or more initial layers of a force sensitive ink may be applied to the flexible contact layer 502 that covers the first and second sensing areas 804, 802, such as through use of a silk screen, printing process, or other process by which the ink may be disposed against the surface. One or more additional layers may then be applied to the second sensing area 704 and not the first sensing area 802.
This causes the second sensing area 804 to have a greater amount (e.g., thickness) of the force sensitive ink than the first sensing area 802 for a given area, which causes a corresponding increase in conductivity and decrease in resistance. Therefore, this technique may serve to at least partially counteract the differences in flexibility of the flexible contact layer 502 at different locations. In this example, an increased height of the force sensitive ink at the second sensing area 804 may also act to reduce an amount of flexing involved in generating contact with the conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504, which may also help to normalize the signals.
The differences in conductivity and/or resistance at the first and second sensing areas 802, 804 may be achieved in a variety of other ways. For example, a first force sensitive ink may be applied at the first sensing area 802 and a second force sensitive ink having a higher conductivity and/or resistance may be applied at the second sensing area 804. Further, although an arrangement of first and second sensing areas 802, 804 as concentric square is shown in FIG. 8, a variety of other arrangements may also be employed, such as to further increase sensitivity at the corners of the switch, employ more than two sensing areas having different sensitivities to pressure, use of a gradient of conductivities, and so forth. Other examples are also contemplated, such as to support use of a plurality of sensors for a single key, an example of which is described in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 9 depicts an example 900 of a pressure sensitive key 500 of FIG. 5 that includes a plurality of sensors to detect pressure at different locations. As previously described, miss hits and limitations of flexibility may cause reduced performance at edges of a pressure sensitive key.
Accordingly, in this example a first sensor 902 and a second sensor 904 are employed to provide respective first and second sensor signals 906, 908, respectively. Further, the second sensor 904 is configured to have increased sensitivity (e.g., higher conductivity and/or lower resistance) that the first sensor 902. This may be achieved in a variety of ways, such as through different conductors and configurations of the conductors to act as sensors as part of the sensor substrate 504. Other configurations of the sensor substrate 504 may also be made to normalize signals generated by the pressure sensitive key at different locations of the key, an example of which is described in relation to the discussion of the following figure.
Sensor Substrate
FIG. 10 depicts an example of conductors 512 of a sensor substrate 504 that are configured to normalize signals generated at different locations of a pressure sensitive key. In this example, conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504 are configured in first and second portions 1002, 1004 of inter-digitated trace fingers. Surface area, amount of conductors, and gaps between the conductors are used in this example to adjust sensitivity at different locations of the sensor substrate 504.
For example, pressure may be applied to a first location 1006 may cause a relatively larger area of the force sensitive ink 510 of the flexible contact layer 502 to contact the conductors in comparison with a second location 1008 of the sensor substrate 504. As shown in the illustrated example, an amount of conductor contacted at the first location 1006 is normalized by an amount of conductor contacted at the second portion 1006 through use of gap spacing and conductor size. In this way, by using smaller conductors (e.g., thinner fingers) and larger gaps at the center of the key as opposed to the edge of the key specific performance characteristics for the keys may be adjusted to suite typical user input scenarios. Further, these techniques for configuring the sensor substrate 504 may be combined with the techniques described for configuring the flexible contact layer 502 to further promote normalization and desired user input scenarios.
Returning again to FIG. 2, these techniques may also be leveraged to normalize and support desired configuration of different keys, such as to normalize a signal generated by a first key of a keyboard of the input device 104 with a signal generated by a second key of the keyboard. As shown in the QWERTY arrangement of FIG. 2 (although this is equally applicable to other arrangements), users are more likely to apply greater typing pressure to a home row of keys located at a center of the input device 104 than keys located closer to the edges of the device. This may include initiation using fingernails of a user's hand for the shift key row as well as an increased distance to reach for the numbers, different strengths of different fingers (index versus pinky finger), and so on.
Accordingly, the techniques described above may also be applied to normalize signals between these keys, such as to increase sensitivity of number keys in relation to home row keys, increase sensitivity of “pinky” keys (e.g., the letter “a” and semicolon key) as opposed to index finger keys (e.g., the letters “f,” “g,” “h,” and “j”), and so forth. A variety of other examples are also contemplated involving changes to sensitivity, such as to make keys having a smaller surface area (e.g., the delete button in the figure) more sensitive in comparison with larger keys, such as the shift keys, spacebar, and so forth.
Force Concentrator
FIG. 11 depicts an example 1100 of a pressure sensitive key of FIG. 4 as employing a force concentrator 404 of FIG. 4. The force concentrator 404 includes a force concentrator layer 1102 and a pad 1104. The force concentrator layer 1102 may be configured from a variety of materials, such as a flexible material (e.g., Mylar) that is capable of flexing against the flexible contact layer 502. The force concentrator 404 may be employed to improve consistency of the contact of the flexible contact layer 502 with the sensor substrate 504 as well as other features.
As described above, the force concentrator layer 1102 in this instance includes a pad 1104 disposed thereon that is raised from a surface of the force concentrator layer 1102. Thus, the pad 1104 is configured as a protrusion to contact the flexible contact layer 502. The pad 1104 may be formed in a variety of ways, such as formation as a layer (e.g., printing, deposition, forming, etc.) on a substrate of the force concentrator layer 1102 (e.g., Mylar), as an integral part of the substrate itself, and so on.
FIG. 12 an example 1200 of the pressure sensitive key of FIG. 11 as having pressure applied at a plurality of different locations of the force concentrator layer 1102 to cause the flexible contact layer 502 to contact the sensor substrate 504. The pressure is again illustrated through use of arrow, which in this instance include first, second, and third locations 1202, 1204, 1206 which are positioned at distances that are respectively closer to an edge of the key, e.g., an edge defined by the spacer layer 508, 508.
As illustrated, the pad 1104 is sized so as to permit the flexible contact layer 502 to flex between the spacer layer 508, 508. The pad 1104 is configured to provide increased mechanical stiffness and thus improved resistance to bending and flexing, e.g., as in comparison with a substrate (e.g., Mylar) of the force concentrator layer 1102. Therefore, when the pad 1104 is pressed against the flexible contact layer 502, the flexible contact layer 502 has a decreased bend radius as illustrated through comparison of FIG. 12 with FIGS. 6 and 7.
Thus, the bending of the flexible contact layer 502 around the pad 1104 may promote a relatively consistent contact area between the force sensitive ink 510 and the conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504. This may promote normalization of a signal produced by the key.
The pad 1104 may also act to spread a contact area of a source of the pressure. A user, for example, my press against the force concentrator layer 1102 using a fingernail, a tip of a stylus, pen, or other object that has a relatively small contact area. As previously described this could result in correspondingly small contact area of the flexible contact layer 502 that contacts the sensor substrate 504, and thus a corresponding decrease in signal strength.
However, due to the mechanical stiffness of the pad 1104, this pressure may be spread across an area of the pad 1104 that contacts the flexible contact layer 502, which is then spread across an area of the flexible contact layer 502 that correspondingly bends around the pad 1104 to contact the sensor substrate 504. In this way, the pad 1104 may be used to normalize a contact area between the flexible contact layer 502 and the sensor substrate 504 that is used to generate a signal by the pressure sensitive key.
The pad 1104 may also act to channel pressure, even if this pressure is applied “off center.” As previously described in relation to FIGS. 6 and 7, the flexibility of the flexible contact layer 502 may depend at least partially on a distance from an edge of the pressure sensitive key, e.g., an edge defined by the spacer layer 508, 508 in this instance.
The pad 1104, however, may be used to channel pressure to the flexible contact layer 502 to promote relatively consistent contact. For example, pressure applied at a first location 1202 that is positioned at a general center region of the force concentrator layer 1102 may cause contact that is similar to contact achieved when pressure applied at a second location 1204 that is positioned at an edge of the pad 1104. Pressures applied outside of a region of the force concentrator layer 1102 defined by the pad 1104 may also be channeled through use of the pad 1104, such as a third position 1206 that is located outside of the region defined by the pad 1104 but within an edge of the key. A position that is located outside of a region of the force concentrator layer 1102 defined by the spacer layer 508, 508 may also be channeled to cause the flexible contact layer 502 to contact the sensor substrate 504, an example of which is defined in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a view of a cross section of a keyboard 1300 that includes a plurality of pressure sensitive keys that employ the force concentrator. The keyboard 1300 in this example includes first and second pressure sensitive keys 1302, 1304. The pressure sensitive keys 1302, 1304 share a force concentrator layer 1102, a flexible contact layer 502, a sensor substrate 504, and a spacer layer 508 as before. Each of the pressure sensitive keys 1302, 1304 in this example has a respective pad 1306, 1308 that is configured to channel pressure to cause contact between a respective portion of the flexible contact layer 502 and sensor substrate 504.
As previously described, limited flexibility at the edges of conventional pressure sensitive keys could result in an inability of the keys to recognize pressure applied at the edges of the keys. This could cause “dead zones” in which the input device 104 could not recognize applied pressures. However, through use of the force concentrator layer 1102 and channeling of pressure supported by the pads 1306, 1308 the existence of dead zones may be reduced and even eliminated.
For example, a location 1310 is illustrated through use of an arrow that is disposed between the first and second pressure sensitive keys 1302, 1304. In this instance, the location 1310 is disposed over the spacer layer 508 and closer to the first pressure sensitive key 1302 than the second pressure sensitive key 1304.
Accordingly, the pad 1306 of the first pressure sensitive key 1302 may channel a greater amount of the pressure than the pad 1308 of the second pressure sensitive key 1304. This may result in a stronger signal being produce by the first pressure sensitive key 1302 than the second pressure sensitive key 1304, a signal being generated at just the first pressures sensitive key 1302 and not the second pressure sensitive key 1304, and so forth. Regardless, modules of the input device 104 and/or the computing device 102 may then determine a likely intent of a user regarding which of the keys is to be employed by processing the signals generated by the keys. In this way, the force concentrator layer 1102 may mitigate against dead zones located between the keys by increasing an area that may be used to activate the key through channeling.
The force concentrator layer 1102 may also be used to perform mechanical filtering of pressures applied against the keys. A user, for instance, when typing a document may choose to rest one or more fingers of a hand against a surface of the keys but not wish to activate the key. Without the force concentrator layer 1102, therefore, processing of inputs from the pressure sensitive keys may be complicated by determining whether an amount and/or duration of pressure applied to the key is likely intended to activate the key.
However, in this example the force concentrator layer 1102 may be configured for use with the flexible contact layer to mechanically filter inputs that are not likely to be intended by a user to activate the key. The force concentrator layer 1102, for instance, may be configured to employ a threshold that in combination with the flexible contact layer 502 defines an amount of pressure to be employed to actuate the key. This may include an amount of pressure that is sufficient to cause the flexible contact layer 502 and the force sensitive ink 510 disposed thereon to contact conductors 512 of the sensor substrate to generate a signal that is recognizable as an input by the input device 104 and/or computing device 102.
In an implementation, this threshold is set such that a pressure of approximately fifty grams or less is not sufficient to cause the force concentrator layer 1102 and the flexible contact layer 502 to initiate the signal whereas pressures above that threshold are recognizable as inputs. A variety of other implementations and thresholds are also contemplated that may be configured to differentiate against a resting pressure and a key strike.
The force concentrator layer 1102 may also be configured to provide a variety of other functionality. The input device 104, for instance, may include the outer layer 402 (e.g., fabric) which as previously described in relation to FIG. 4 may include indications of operations of respective keys, e.g., letters, numbers, and other operations such as “shift,” “return,” navigation, and so on. The force concentrator layer 1102 may be disposed beneath this layer. Further, a side of the force concentrator layer 1102 that is exposed towards the outer layer 402 may be configured to be substantially smooth, thereby reducing and even eliminating witness lines that could result from underlying components of the input device 104.
In this way, a surface of the outer layer 402 may be made with increased uniformity and thus provided a better typing experience with increased accuracy, e.g., by promoting a smooth tactile feel without interference from underlying components. The force concentrator layer 1102 may also be configured to protect against electrostatic discharge (ESD) to underlying components of the input device 104. For example, the input device 104 may include a track pad as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and thus movement across the track pad may generate static. The force concentrator layer 1102, however, may protect components of the input device 104 that are exposed beneath the layer from this potential ESD. A variety of other examples of such protection are also contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Support Layer
FIG. 14 depicts an example implementation 1400 showing the support layer 408 that is configured to support operation of the flexible hinge 106 as well as protect components of the input device 104 during this operation. As previously described, the flexible hinge 106 may be configured to support various degrees of bending to assume the different configurations. However, materials chosen to form the flexible hinge 106, such as to form the outer layers 402, 416 of the flexible hinge 106 may be chosen to support a desired “look and feel” and therefore may not provide desired resiliency against tearing and stretching.
Therefore, in such an instance this could have an effect on operability of conductors 1402 that are used to communicatively couple keys and other components of the input device 104 with the computing device 102. For example, a user may grasp the input device 104 with one hand to pull it away from the computing device 102 by disengaging the protrusions 208 and magnetic attraction supported by the magnets. Therefore, this could result in an amount of force being applied to the conductors that is sufficient to break them absent sufficient support from the first or second outer layers 402, 416 or other structure.
Accordingly, the input device 104 may include a support layer 408 that may be configured to protect the flexible hinge 106 and other components of the input device 104. For example, the support layer 408 may be formed of a material that has a higher resistance to tearing and stretching than a material used to form the outer layers 402, 416, e.g., biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BoPET) which is also known as Mylar.
Support provided by the support layer 408 may thus help protect the material used to form the outer layers 402, 416 of the flexible hinge 106. The support layer 408 may also help protect components disposed through the hinge, such as the conductors 1402 used to communicatively couple the connection portion 202 with the keys.
In the illustrated example, the support layer 408 includes a portion 1404 configured to be disposed as part of the input portion 914 of the input device 104 that includes the keys, track pad, and so on as shown in FIG. 1. The support layer 408 also includes first and second tabs 1406, 1408 that are configured to extend from the portion 1404 through the flexible hinge 106 to be secured to the connection portion 202. The tabs may be secured in a variety of ways, such as to include one or more holes as illustrated through which a protrusion (e.g., screw, pin, and so on) may be inserted to secure the tabs to the connection portion 202.
The first and second tabs 1406, 1408 are illustrated in this example as being configured to connect at approximate opposing ends of the connection portion 202. In this way, undesirable rotational movement may be restricted, e.g., that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis defined by the connection portion 202. Thus, the conductors 1402 disposed at a relative midpoint of the flexible hinge 106 and connection portion 202 may also be protected from tearing, stretching, and other forces
The support layer 408 in this illustrated example also includes a mid-spine portion 1410 that is configured to form part of a mid-spine to increase the mechanical stiffness of the mid-spine and support a minimum bend radius. Although first and second tabs 1406, 1408 are illustrated, it should be readily apparent that more or fewer tabs may also be employed by the support layer 408 to support the functionality described.
Adhesive
FIG. 15 depicts a bottom view 1500 of a pressure sensitive key of FIG. 5 as having the flexible contact layer 502 secured at a plurality of locations along edges of the key. First, second, third, and fourth edges 1502, 1504, 1506, 1508 are illustrated in this example as defining an opening 1510 of a spacer layer 508 of a pressure sensitive key. The opening 1510 as described in relation to FIGS. 5-7 permits the flexible contact layer 502 to flex (e.g., bend and/or stretch) through the opening 1510 to contact the one or more conductors 512 of the sensor substrate 504.
In the illustrated example, a first securing portion 1512 is illustrated as disposed proximal to the first edge 1512 of the opening 1510. Likewise, second, third, and fourth securing portions 1514, 1516, 1518 are illustrated as disposed proximal to respective second, third, and fourth edges 1504, 1506, 1508 of the opening 1510. The securing portions may be configured in a variety of ways, such as through use of an adhesive, mechanical securing device (e.g., pins), and so on. For example, the adhesive may be applied as a series of dots or other shapes to the spacer layer 508 which is then contacted (e.g., pressed) to the flexible contact layer 502.
Regardless of the technique used to secure the flexible contact layer 502 to the spacer layer 508, flexibility may be configured as desired by permitting portions of the flexible contact layer 502 along the edge of the opening to remain unsecured. For instance, the first and second securing portions 1514, 1516 may define sole areas at which the flexible contact layer 502 is secured to the spacer layer 508 along the respective first and second edges 1502, 1504. Therefore, flexibility of the flexible contact layer 502 may decrease as a distance between a point of contact of the pressure and a securing portion decreases similar to the edge discussion of FIGS. 6 and 7, such as due to sliding of the flexible contact layer over the edge, permit increased stretching, and so forth.
However, the reverse is also true in that flexibility increases the further away pressure is applied from the securing portions. Thus, flexibility along the edges of the opening 1510 may be increased by including portions along an edge at which the flexible contact layer 502 is not secured (proximally) to the spacer layer 508. Thus, different arrangements of how the flexible contact layer 502 is secured to the spacer layer 404 may be used to support different amounts of flexibility at different locations of the flexible contact layer 502.
For example, as illustrated the first and second securing portions 1512, 1514 are located closer together than the first and third securing portions 1512, 1516. Accordingly, points (e.g., a midpoint) between the first and third securing portions 1512, 1516 may have greater flexibility than corresponding points (e.g., a midpoint) between the first and second securing portions 1512, 1514. In this way, a designer may configure the flexible contact layer 502 to increase or decrease flexibility at particular locations as desired.
In the example 1600 of FIG. 16, for instance, the second securing portion 1514 is moved from one end of the second edge 1504 to an opposing end of the second edge 1504. Thus, flexibility is increased on the left upper portion of the key in this example and decreased in the upper right portion of the key. A variety of other examples are also contemplated, examples of which are shown in relation to a keyboard in the following example.
FIG. 17 depicts an example of an adhesive layer 1700 applied as part of a keyboard having a plurality of keys in which different arrangements of adhesive are used for different keys. Securing portions in this example are illustrated in black lines and dots of adhesive that are used to secured the flexible contact layer 502 with the spacer layer 506. As shown, different arrangements of the securing portions may be used to address differences in how corresponding keys are likely to be pressed.
For example, as shown the arrangements of adhesive for respective keys in the home row (e.g., keys 43-55) is different than arrangements of adhesive for a row of keys in the next lower row, e.g., keys 56-67. This may be performed to address “where” a key is likely to be pressed, such as at a center or particular one of the four sides of the key. This may also be performed to address “how” a key a likely to be pressed, such as using a pad of a finger as opposed to a user's fingernail, which finger of a user is likely to press the key, and so on. Thus, as illustrated in the example adhesive layer 1700 of FIG. 17, different arrangements may be used for different rows of keys as well as for different columns of the keys.
The adhesive layer 1700 in this example is also illustrated as forming first and second pressure equalization devices 1702, 1704. In this example, adhesive is disposed to leave channels formed between the adhesive. Thus, the adhesive defines the channels that form the device. The channels are configured to connect openings 1510 formed as part of the pressure sensitive keys between the flexible contact layer 502 and the sensor substrate 504 to an outside environment of the input device 104.
In this way, air may move between the outside environment and the openings through the channels to generally equalize the air pressure, which may help prevent damage to the input device 104, e.g., when faced with reduced air pressure in an airplane. In one or more implementations, the channels may be formed as a labyrinth having a plurality of bends to protect against outside contaminants from passing through the pressure equalization devices 1702, 1704 to the openings 1510. In the illustrated example, the pressure equalization devices 1702, 1704 are disposed as part of a palm rest of the spacer layer to leverage available space to form longer channels and thus further protect against contamination. Naturally, a wide variety of other examples and locations are also contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Nesting
FIG. 18 depicts an example 1800 of surface mount hardware elements 1802 that may be used to support functionality of the input device 104. The input device 104 may be configured in a variety of ways to support a variety of functionality. For example, the input device 104 may be configured to include pressure sensitive keys as described in relation to FIGS. 5-7, a track pad as shown in FIG. 1, or other functionality such as mechanically switched keys, a biometric reader (e.g., fingerprint reader), and so on.
Accordingly, the input device 104 may include a variety of different types of surface mount hardware elements 1802 to support this functionality. For example, the input device 104 may include a processor 1804 which may be leveraged to perform a variety of different operations. An example of such an operation may include processing signals generated by the pressure sensitive keys 500 of FIG. 5 or other keys (e.g., mechanically switched keys that are not pressure sensitive) into a human interface device (HID) compliant input, such as to identify a particular keystroke. Thus, in this example the input device 104 may perform the processing of the signals and provide a result of this processing as an input to the computing device 102. In this way, the computing device 102 and software thereof may readily identify the inputs without modification, such as by an operating system of the computing device 102.
In another example, the input device 104 may include one or more sensors 1806. The sensors 1806, for instance, may be leveraged to detect movement and/or an orientation of the input device 104. Examples of such sensors 1806 include accelerometers, magnetometers, inertial measurement units (IMUs), and so forth.
In a further example, the input device 104 may include a touch controller 1808, which may be used to process touch inputs detected using one or more keys of the keyboard, the track pad, and so forth. In yet a further example, the input device 104 may include one or more linear regulators 1810 to maintain a relatively steady voltage for electrical components of the input device 104.
The input device 104 may also include an authentication integrated circuit 1812. The authentication integrated circuit 1812 may be configured to authenticate the input device 104 for operation with the computing device 102. This may be performed in a variety of ways, such as to share secrets between the devices that are processed by the input device 104 and/or the computing device 102 to perform the authentication. A variety of other 1814 surface mount hardware elements 1802 are also contemplated to support a variety of different functionality.
As previously described, however, inclusion of the surface mount hardware elements 1802 using conventional techniques may have an adverse effect on an overall thickness of the input device 104. However, in one or more implementations described herein layers of the input device 104 may include nesting techniques to mitigate this effect, further discussion of which may be found in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 29 depicts an example implementation 2900 in which the outer layers 402, 416 are secured to each other to form an edge 2902 proximal to an input portion of the input device 104. In this example, the outer layer 402 that is secured to the key assembly 2702 using the heat activated film 2704 as described in FIG. 27 is disposed proximal to the support board 414 that is secured to the outer layer 416 using the heat activated film 2802 as described in relation to FIG. 28. The support board 414 may also be secured to the key assembly 2702 using one or more intermediate layers, e.g., an adhesive layer having a dot matrix configuration as shown in FIG. 17B or other examples.
A force concentrator 404 is disposed beneath the outer layer 402 that includes a force concentrator layer 1102 and a plurality of pads 1306, 1308 to support respective first and second pressure sensitive keys 1302, 1304. The force concentrator 404 may be configured to provide a mechanical filter, force direction, and to hide witness lines of underlying components.
A pressure sensitive sensor stack 406 is disposed beneath the pads 1306, 1308 of the force concentrator layer 1102 in this example, although other examples are also contemplated in which a force concentrator 404 is not utilized. The pressure sensitive sensor stack 406 includes layers used to implement pressure sensitive keys. As described in FIG. 5, for instance, the flexible contact layer 502 may include a force sensitive ink, which through flexing the flexible contact layer 502 may contact one or more conductors of the sensor substrate 504 to generate a signal usable to initiate an input.
The sensor substrate 504 may be configured in a variety of ways. In the illustrated example, the sensor substrate 504 includes a first side on which the one or more conductors are configured, such as through implementation as traces on a printed circuit board (PCB). A surface mount hardware element 1802 is mounted to second side of the sensor substrate 504 that is opposite the first side.
The surface mount hardware element 1802, for instance, may be communicatively coupled through the sensor substrate 504 to the one or more conductors of the first side of the sensor substrate 504. The surface mount hardware element 1802 may then process the generated signals to convert the signals to HID compliant inputs that are recognizable by the computing device 102.
This may include processing of analog signals to determine a likely intention of a user, e.g., to process miss hits, signals from multiple keys simultaneously, implement a palm rejection threshold, determine if a threshold has been exceeded that is indicative of a likely key press, and so on. As previously described in relation to FIG. 18, a variety of other examples of functionality that may be implemented using surface mount hardware elements of the input device 104 are contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
In order to reduce an effect of a height the surface mount hardware element 1802 on an overall thickness of the input device 104, the surface mount hardware element 1802 may disposed through one or more holes of other layers of the input device 104. In this example, the surface mount hardware element 1802 is disposed through holes that are made through the support layer 408 and the adhesive layer 410 and at least partially through the support board 412. Another example is also illustrated in FIG. 4 in which holes are formed entirely through each of the support layer 408, adhesive layer 410, and the support board 412.
Thus, in this example an overall thickness of the layers of the input device 104 of the force concentrator layer 1102 through the backer layer 414 and the layers disposed in between may be configured to have a thickness of approximately 2.2 millimeters or less. Additionally, depending on the thickness of the material chosen for the outer layers 402, 416 the overall thickness of the input device 104 at a pressure sensitive key may be configured to be approximately at or below three and a half millimeters. Naturally, other thicknesses are also contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Key Assembly Manufacture
FIG. 19B depicts an example implementation of a system 1950 for forming a key assembly. As previously described, a key assembly may be formed from a plurality of different layers. Further, these layers may have different flexibilities, one to another. Therefore, conventional techniques that were utilized to align and secure these layers to each other could be inefficient, especially when confronted with layers having a thinness used to support the overall thinness of the input device previously described, e.g., less than 3.5 millimeters. Such layers, for instance, may have a flexibility that may make it difficult to position and align the layers using conventional manufacturing techniques.
Accordingly, a system 1950 is described that includes a fixture 1952 that is configured to aide alignment of layers of a key assembly. The layers may include a force concentrator 404 having a force concentrator layer 1102 and pads 1306, 1308 as previously described. A pressure sensitive sensor stack 406 may also be included that has a flexible contact layer 502 that is spaced apart from a sensor substrate 504 using a spacer layer 508. Additional layers may also be included, such as a support board 412 having surface mount hardware elements 1802, a support layer, adhesive layer 410, and so on.
The fixture 1952 includes a plurality of projections 1954, 1956. The projections 1954, 1956 are configured to be disposed with openings of the layers such that the layers may be successively positioned and secured to each other with alignment provided by the projections 1954, 1956. For example, a force concentrator 404 may be disposed against the fixture 1952. Vacuum pressure may be used to secure the force concentrator 404 to the fixture while the pressure sensitive sensor stack 406 is secured to the force concentrator 404, such as through the use of an adhesive, heat activated film, and so on as previously described. Successive layers may then be secured to these layers, e.g., the support layer 408 and support board 412 secured by an adhesive layer 410, to manufacture the key assembly. The projections may be located at a variety of different locations in the fixture 1952, such as disposed proximal to corners of the layers that form the key assembly. In this way, the layers may be aligned a secured to each other in a consistent manner thereby reducing mistakes and promoting efficiency in the manufacture of the key assembly.
In the illustrated system 1950, the layers of the key assembly are positioned within the fixture in a top/down order. For example, a surface of the key assembly that is configured to receive pressure to initiate an input (e.g., a “top” of a pressure sensitive key) may be disposed proximal to the fixture 1952 as illustrated. Therefore, in this example a bottom layer of the key assembly (e.g., the support board 412) is positioned within the fixture 1952 last. A variety of other examples are also contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, such as to reverse the order of the positioning of the layers. The key assembly may then be assembled as part of the input device as further described beginning in relation to the discussion of FIG. 27.
Key Formation
FIG. 20 depicts an example implementation 2000 showing a top view of an outer surface 402 of the input device 104 of FIG. 1 that includes a plurality of keys. In this example, the outer surface 402 of the input device is configured to cover a plurality of keys of a keyboard, examples of which are illustrated as the letters “j,” “k”, “l”, and “m” but naturally other keys and corresponding functions are also contemplated, such as numbers, punctuation, different languages and layouts, functions (e.g., a piano keyboard, game controller), and so on.
As previously described, conventional techniques that were utilized to configure an input device to support a thin form factor could result in an inefficient and undesirable user experience when interacting with the device, e.g., such as to type, due to difficulty in locating and identifying particular keys of the device. However, techniques are described in this section and elsewhere that may be employed to aid a user's experience with the input device 104.
The keys in this example are illustrated as indicating a border of the key as a rectangle having rounded corners, which may correspond to the edges of the spacer layer 506 of the key 400 described previously. Naturally, borders may be indicated in a variety of other ways, such as lines along one or more edges of the key, a series of dots, and so forth.
Regardless of a shape and pattern of how the border is indicated, the indications may be configured to provide tactile feedback such that a user may locate the keys using one or more fingers of the user's hand. For example, the border may be indicated through a series of protrusions that “stick up” from a surface of the outer layer 402. In another example, embossing techniques may be used to form depressions in the outer layer 402 to indicate the border, further discussion of which may be found beginning in relation to FIG. 23.
The keys may also include indications of respective functions of the keys such that a user may readily identify the function on sight, examples of which include the letters “j,” “k,” “l,” and “m” although other examples are also contemplated as previously described. Conventional techniques that were relied upon to provide such indications could lack permanency, especially when applied to a flexible surface such as the outer layer 402 of FIG. 20. Accordingly, techniques are described herein in which the indications of functions are formed within the outer layer 402 itself and therefore provide resiliency against damage, further discussion of which may be found beginning in relation to FIG. 25.
FIG. 21 depicts a cross section view 2100 of the outer layer 402 of FIGS. 4 and 20. The outer layer 402 in this example is shown as formed from a plurality of layers. These layers include an outer skin 2102, a middle layer 2104, a base layer 2106, and a backer 2108. These layers form the outer layer 402 that acts as an outer cover to the input device 104 that includes the indications of borders and inputs as described in relation to FIG. 20.
In this example the outer skin 2102 and middle layer 2104 are “dry” in that solidifying (e.g., curing, drying, forming from a melted material, etc.) is not involved when forming the layers together to form the outer layer 402. The base layer 2106 in this example is a “wet” layer in that it formed to bond as part of the backer 2108. For example, the backer 2108 may be formed as a weave (e.g., nylon tricot weave) such that the base layer 2106 is melted within the weave to bond the backer 2108 to the middle layer 2104.
As previously described, a thin form factor may be desired for the input device 104 (e.g., to support use as a cover) and therefore thinness of the outer layer 402 and the components of the layer may be used to support this form factor. In an implementation, the outer skin 2102 is formed from a polyurethane having a thickness of approximately 0.065 millimeters, although other materials and thicknesses are also contemplated. The middle layer 2104 is formed to have a thickness of approximately 0.05 millimeters from an open cell material that may be colored as further described in relation to FIG. 25.
The base layer 2106 as described above may be formed as a wet layer that melts within the backer 2108 and thus may be considered to have a minimal effect on thickness of the outer layer 402. The backer 2108 is formed from a weave material (e.g., nylon tricot) having a thickness of approximately 0.3 millimeters. Thus, the outer layer 402 as a whole may be configured to support the thin form factor of the input device 104. However, through such a configuration, conventional formation of the borders of the keys and indications of the keys could not be applied to such a form factor. Accordingly, techniques are described herein that may be used for such thicknesses as further described in beginning in relation to FIGS. 23 and 25, respectively.
FIG. 22 depicts a cross section view 2200 of the outer layer 416 of FIG. 4. This outer layer 416 is configured to cover a bottom of the input device 104 in this example. Accordingly, the middle layer 2104 of the outer layer 402 may be left out to further promote thinness of the input device 104. For example, the outer layer 416 may include the outer skin 2102, base layer 2106, and backer 2108 as described above but not include the middle layer 2104.
However, other implementations are also contemplated, such as to include the middle layer 2104 to support indications and other writing as further described in relation to FIG. 25. It should be readily apparent that the outer layer 416 may also be configured in a variety of other ways to include a variety of other sub-layers that differ from the outer layer 402 of FIG. 21 without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
FIG. 23 depicts a cross section view 2300 of the outer layer 402 of FIG. 21 in which a border of a key is formed in the outer skin 2102. In this example, first and second depressions 2302, 2304 are formed to indicate a border of a key as described in relation to FIG. 20. As previously described, overall thinness of the input device 104 may be supported through using thinner layers to form the device.
Conventional techniques used to form these layers, however, may be insufficient for a desired purpose. For instance, conventional techniques involving embossing typically used material with thicknesses of well over one millimeter to make depressions. Such depressions could thus be made to have a depth that is sufficient to be felt tactilely by a user. On the contrary, embossing of a material having a thickness of less than a millimeter may result in a depression that is not easily identified by a user using conventional techniques. An example of this includes the thickness of the outer skin 2102 in the present example of approximately 0.065 millimeters which would accordingly support a depth of a depression that is even less than that.
Techniques are described in which embossing may be used to form depressions 2302, 2304 that may be felt tactilely by a user that have a depth that is less than that of conventional depressions. For example, the first and second depressions 2302, 2304 may be configured to have a depth of approximately one third of a thickness of the outer skin 2102, such as approximately 0.02 millimeters. Using conventional techniques such a depth was not readily felt tactilely by a user.
However, using techniques described herein the first and second depressions may be formed to have sharp edges (having at least one edge such as a substantially right angle) that may be felt tactilely by the user. In this way, a user may readily feel edges of a key for an improved typing experience yet the overall thickness of the outer skin 2102, and thus the outer layer 402 and input device itself may be configured to support a thin form factor. The outer skin 2102, for instance, may be configured to have a minimum amount of thickness such that the middle dry layer 2104 is not viewable through the outer skin 2102. This may be used to support formation of indications through different colorings of the layers as further described beginning in relation to FIG. 25. The first and second depressions 2302, 2304 may be formed in a variety of ways, an example of which is described in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 24 depicts an example implementation 2400 in which the first and second depressions 2302, 2304 of FIG. 23 are formed in the outer skin 2102 of the outer layer 402. In this example, a heated plate 2402 (e.g., a copper heated plate) includes first and second protrusions 2404, 2406 that are configured to form the first and second 2302, 2304 depressions in the outer skin 2102.
The heated plate 2402, for instance, may be heated to a temperate that is sufficient to emboss yet not burn the outer skin 2102, e.g., less than 130 degrees Celsius such as in a range of 110-120 degrees Celsius. The heated plate 2402 may then be pressed against the outer skin 2102 of the outer layer 402 using a pressure that is sufficient to form the first and second depressions 2302, 2304, which may again be chosen on the characteristics of the material used to form the outer skin 2102.
In the illustrated example of FIG. 24, the heated plate 2402 is pressed against the outer skin 2102 to form the first and second depressions 2302, 2304. As shown, a height of the first and second protrusions 2404, 2406 is greater than a depth of the first and second depressions 2302, 2303 that are formed in the outer skin 2102. In this way, portions of the outer skin 2102 that are not to be embossed (e.g., an area between the first and second protrusions 2404, 2406 in this example) are not contacted by the heated plate 2402. This may help to preserve an original look and feel of the outer skin 2402 as originally manufactured. Other implementations are also contemplated in which the heated plate 2402 does touch the outer skin 2102 along this portion.
In one or more implementations, the heated plate 2402 is configured to provide a different look and feel (e.g., appearance and texture) to the portions of the outer skin 2102 that are embossed in comparison with portions of the outer skin 2102 that are not embossed. In this way, a user may determine the boundary of the keys readily by look and feel. In another implementation, the heated plate 2402 is configured to form the first and second depressions 2302, 2304 to have a similar look and feel to a surface of the outer skin 2102. This may be performed in a variety of ways, such as through sandblasting of the heated plate 2402. A variety of other implementations are also contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
FIG. 25 depicts an example implementation 2500 in which a portion of the outer skin 2102 is removed to expose the middle layer 2104 to form an indication of a function of a key. In this example, the outer layer 402 having the embossed first and second depressions 2302, 2304 is shown, although this technique may also be applied to the outer layer 402 before embossing, e.g., the outer layer of FIG. 21.
A laser 2502 is shown as transmitting a laser beam depicted as an arrow to remove a portion of the outer skin 2102. By removing this portion, a corresponding portion 2504 of the middle layer 2104 is exposed to be viewable by a user of the outer layer 402. Thus, by using a middle layer 2104 that has a color that is different from a color of outer skin 2102, indications of functions of respective keys and other indicia (e.g., warnings, logos, and so on) may be formed in the outer surface 402. A variety of different colors may be utilized, such as white for the middle layer 2104 and charcoal for the outer layer 2102.
In one or more implementations, the middle layer 2104 is formed to have a sufficient thickness such that it is not discolored or undesirably melted during removal of the portion. Further, a thickness of the outer skin 2102 may be chosen such that the middle layer 2104 is not viewable through portions of the outer skin 2102 that have not had material removed, i.e., so that the middle layer 2104 is not viewable through the material of the outer skin 2102.
Additionally, the laser 2502 may also be chosen based on the color of material used to form the outer skin 2102. For example, different wavelengths may support removal of different colors of material. In this way, a variety of different types of indications may be formed as part of the outer surface 402 which may then be used as a cover for the key assembly of the input device 104.
FIG. 26 depicts an example implementation 2600 in which removal of a portion of the outer skin 2102 causes the middle layer 2104 to expand through an opening formed in the outer skin 2102. An opening 2602 may be formed in the outer skin 2102 as previously described in relation to FIG. 25. In this example, however, the middle layer 2104 is configured to expand in response to this removal.
Heat from the laser 2502 of FIG. 25, for instance, may cause an open cell structure of the middle layer 2104 to expand. This expansion may cause the middle layer 2104 to pass through an opening 2602 formed in the middle layer 2102. Further, the heat may also cause an exposed surface 2604 of the middle layer 2104 to form a generally smooth surface. In the illustrated example, this expansion is configured such that the exposed surface 2604 of the middle layer 2104 forms a substantially continuous surface with the outer skin 2102, e.g., the surfaces are generally contiguous. A variety of other examples are also contemplated, including differing amount of expansion of the middle layer 2104 (e.g., to extend past a surface of the outer skin 2102), having the middle layer 2104 remain below the surface of the outer skin 2102, having the middle layer 2104 remain as shown in FIG. 25, and so forth.
Input Device Assembly
FIG. 27 depicts an example implementation 2700 in which a cross section is shown in which the outer layer 402 of FIG. 26 is secured to a key assembly 2702. The key assembly 2702 in this instance may be the same as or different from key assemblies previously described, such as the key assembly described in relation to FIG. 19A. For instance, this key assembly may include one or more of a force concentrator, support layer 408, adhesive layer 410, support board 412, backer layer 414, and so on.
In this example, the outer layer 402 having the first and second depressions 2302, 2304 and the material removed to expose a surface 2504 of the middle layer to form indicia of functions is secured to a key assembly 2702. This securing may be performed in a variety of ways, such as through adhesives, mechanical fastening, and so on.
In the illustrated example, a heat activated film 2704 is used to mechanically bond a backer 2108 of the outer layer 402 to the key assembly 2702. The outer layer 402 and the heat activated film 2704, for instance, may be put in tension laterally, e.g., applying a force in opposing directions as following a surface of the outer layer 402. The outer layer 402 and the key assembly 2702 may then be forced together under pressure and heat in a sufficient amount to active the heat activated film 2704.
The heat and pressure may cause the heat activated film 2704 to melt in between a weave material used to form the backer 2108. In this way, the heat activated film 2704 may form a mechanical bond with the backer 2108 of the outer layer 402 and also secure the outer layer 402 to the key assembly 2702. Use of the pressure and tension may be used such that imperfections are minimized, such as wrinkles, air pockets, and so on between the outer layer 402 and the key assembly 2702. Similar techniques may be employed for the outer surface 416 that forms the bottom surface of the input device 104 as further described below.
FIG. 28 depicts an example implementation 2800 in which a cross section is shown in which the outer layer 416 of FIG. 22 is secured for assembly as part of the input device 104. Like FIG. 22, the outer layer 416 includes an outer skin 2102 secured to a backer 2108 using a base layer 2106, which may be implemented as a wet layer that forms a mechanical bond with the outer skin 2102 and also secures the outer skin 2102 to the backer 2108.
The outer layer 416 is secured to the support board 414 in this example also using a heat activated film 2802. As previously described, the outer layer 416 may be secured in a variety of different configurations, such as to the key assembly 2702 or other layers that are assembled to form the input device 104 as shown in FIG. 4.
As also previously described, the outer surface 416 in this instance may include an outer skin 2102 secured to a backer 2108 using a base layer 2106. The base layer 2106 may be formed as a wet layer that mechanically bonds to the backer 2108 as before and is also secured to the outer skin 2102. This combination forms the outer layer 416 that is configured to form an outer surface of a back of the input device 104 in this example.
The outer layer 416 may then be secured to the support board 414 by activating the heat activated film using pressure and heat as described above. Additionally, the outer layer 416 and/or the heat activated layer 2802 may be placed under tension to reduce imperfections that may otherwise be formed during assembly. Once the heat activated film 2802 has been melted, a mechanical bond may be formed between the heat activated film 2802 and the backer 2108 of the outer skin 416. Further, the heat activated film 2802 may adhere to the support board 414. A variety of other examples of securing are also contemplated without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
FIG. 29 depicts an example implementation 2900 in which the outer layers 402, 404 are secured to each other to form an edge proximal to an input portion of the input device 104. In this example, the outer layer 402 that is secured to the key assembly 2702 using the heat activated film 2704 as described in FIG. 27 is disposed proximal to the support board 414 that is secured to the outer layer 316 using the heat activated film 2802 as described in relation to FIG. 28. The support board 414 may also be secured to the key assembly 2702 using one or more intermediate layers, e.g., an adhesive layer having a dot matrix configuration as shown in FIG. 17B or other examples.
In this example, the outer layers 402, 416 are wrapped around an edge of the key assembly 2702 and the support board 414, such as at the outer edges of the input device shown in FIG. 2. Heat activated films of the respective outer layers 402, 416 are then secured to each other to form an outer edge of the input device 104. For example, an amount of heat and pressure may be applied such that one or more of the heat activated films 2704, 2802 are melted to form mechanical bonds with both of the outer layers 402, 416.
In this way, a robust bond may be formed between the outer layers 402, 416 to reduce a chance of separation at these potentially high stress areas of the input device 104. This technique may be used along the outer edge of the key assembly 2702 and other parts of the input portion of the input device 104 as well as along the edges of the flexible hinge 106. A variety of other techniques are also contemplated to form edges of the input device 104 without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
FIG. 30 depicts an example implementation 3000 in which a carrier 3002 is used to assemble the input device 104. The carrier 3002 in this case includes first and second sides 3004, 3006 that are attached to each other using a hinge 3008. The hinge 3008 is configured to permit rotational movement of the first and second sides 3004, 3006 with respect to each other as further shown in FIG. 35.
The outer layer 416 corresponding to a bottom of the input device 104 is positioned within the first side 3004. The outer layer 402 that corresponds to a top of the input device 104 (e.g., includes indications of functions of respective keys) is positioned in the second side 3006.
In the illustrated implementation the outer layers 402, 416 include additional material that is to be removed later, e.g., using a die-cutting operation, which is illustrated using phantom lines in FIG. 30. In order to secure and align the outer layers 402, 416 to the carrier 3002, projections 3012 of the carrier may be disposed through openings in the outer layers 402, 416 in this additional material. In this way, the outer layers 402, 416 may be positioned and secured within the carrier 3002 throughout the manufacturing process of the input device 104 even until the input device 104 is cut free from the carrier 3002 as further described below.
FIG. 31 depicts an example implementation 3100 showing a cross sectional view of the outer layers 416, 402 as being secured to a spine 3102 of a connection portion 202. In this example, the carrier 3002 of FIG. 30 is disposed within a laminating machine to apply heat and pressure to the outer layers 416, 410. The heat and pressure are illustrated through use of arrows in the figure to secure the layers at corresponding portions of the spine 3102. The spine 3102 may be formed from a variety of materials and assume a variety of shapes, such as formed from a metal (e.g., aluminum) and configured to be disposed along a longitudinal axis of the connection portion 202 of FIG. 2.
In order to align the outer layers 402, 416 with the spine 3102, a series of posts and loops may be employed. For example, posts may be disposed on the spine 3102 that are configured to be disposed through corresponding loops formed in the outer layers 402, 416. This mating between the materials may thus be used to hold the outer layers 402, 416 and the spine 3102 together during lamination as well as secure the materials together.
FIG. 32 depicts an example implementation 3200 in which a projection 3202 is secured to the spine 3102 of FIG. 31 to form the connection portion 202. The projection 3202 is configured to be disposed within a channel of a computing device 102 as described in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3 and thus may serve to provide a communicative and physical coupling between the devices. In this example, the projection 3202 is installed “upside down” through positioning of the carrier 3002 of FIG. 30.
The projection 3202 may be secured in a variety of ways. For example, an adhesive 3204, 3206 may be applied to secure the projection 3202 to the outer layers 416, 402, respectively. Adhesive 3208 may also be applied to secure the projection 3202 to the spine 3102. In one or more implementations, the adhesive may involve an approximate amount of time to “cure” or “set up.” Accordingly, additional techniques may be employed to secure the projection 3202 to the spine 3208 while this process occurs, an example of which is described in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 33 depicts an example implementation 3300 in which a top view of the connection portion 202 of FIG. 31 is shown of the projection 3102. The connection portion 202 may be configured in a variety of ways and from a variety of materials, such as metals, plastics, and so on as previously described. These different materials may be chosen based on desired functionality.
For example, a designer may desire ease of insertion and removal of the connection portion 202 from the cavity of the computing device 102 and accordingly select a material that is smooth and that has a relatively high resistance to wear. However, such a material may not provide a desired resistance to flexing, which could cause inconsistent contact between portions of the connection portion 202 with the computing device 102. Accordingly, a designer may choose to utilize a plurality of pins at first, second, third, and fourth locations 3302, 3304, 3306, and 3308 along a longitudinal axis of the connection portion 202 to provide the desired stiffness.
FIG. 34 depicts a cross section view 3400 of the connection portion 202 of FIG. 33. As illustrated, first, second, third, and fourth pins 3402, 3404, 3406, 3408 are utilize to secure the spine 3102 to the projection 3202 that is used to form a top surface of the connection portion 202. In this way, the pins in combination with the spine 3102 and projection 3202 may form a laminate structure that is resistant to bending, e.g., along an axis perpendicular to a surface of the spine 3102 and the heights of the pins. It should be readily apparent that a wide range in the numbers and locations of the pins is contemplated, the previous discussion just one example thereof.
The use of the pins may also support a variety of other functionality. For example, the laminate structure may also be supported through use of an adhesive between the spine 3102 and the projection 3202 as described in relation to FIG. 32. As previously described, the adhesive may have an amount of time to cure before it is effective. Through use of the pins, however, the adhesive may be applied and then the pins inserted to secure the spine 3102 to the projection 3202 during curing, thereby increasing speed of manufacturing and efficiency. The pins may be configured in a variety of ways, an example of which is described in relation to the following figure.
FIG. 35 depicts an example cross sectional view of the first pin 3402 of FIG. 34 as securing the spine 3102 to the projection 3202 of the connection portion 202. In this example, the first pin 3402 is configured to include self-clinching functionality such that the pin may be secured within a relatively thin material, such as a piece of sheet metal. In this way, the spine 3102 may cause a pressure to be applied against a head 3502 of the first pin 3402 to secure the first pin 3402 to the spine 3102.
The first pin 3402 may also include a barrel 3504 that is secured within the plastic of the projection 3202. Therefore, the first pin 3402 may be pressed through an appropriate sized hole in the spine 3102 to cause the spine 3102 to self-clinch as well as cause the barrel 3504 to be secured within the plastic of the projection 3202. A variety of other types and configurations of pins may be utilized, such as screws, rivets, and so on.
FIG. 36 depicts an example implementation 3600 of part of an assembly process of the input device 104 in which the carrier 3002 is folded. Continuing from the previous examples, at this point the outer layers 402, 416 are secured to the connection portion 202 that was formed from the spine 3102 and the projection 3202. The connection portion 202 is “pointed down” in this example with the key assembly 2702 disposed over the outer surface 402.
One or both of the first and second sides 3004, 3006 are then rotated about the hinge 3008 to fold the carrier 3002. A result of this folding is shown in the example implementation 3700 of FIG. 37. This folding causes the outer layer 416 that forms the back of the input device 104 to be positioned over the key assembly 2702 and outer layer 402 that forms the top of the device, e.g., includes the indicia of functions of keys.
Thus, at this point the key assembly 2702 of FIG. 27 is disposed between the outer surfaces 402, 416. In one or more implementations, the outer surface 416 may then be secured to the key assembly 2702 (e.g., a support board 414 of the key assembly) as described in relation to FIG. 28 and form edges of the input device 104 as described in relation to FIG. 29 using one or more lamination tools. A die cut operation may then be performed by placing the folded carrier 3002 of FIG. 36 into a die cut machine to product a final finished input device 104 as shown in FIG. 2. Techniques may be employed to promote accuracy of these operations, further discussion of which may be found in relation to the following section.
Securing and Alignment Fixture
FIG. 38 depicts an example implementation 3800 of a cross section taken along an axis of the input device 104 as disposed within the carrier 3002 as folded as shown in FIG. 37. The carrier 3002 is illustrated in phantom and as positioned over a fixture 3802 such that one or more operations may be performed on the input device 104 disposed therein. A variety of different operations may be performed, such as securing operations as described in relation to FIGS. 27 and 28, lamination operations as described in relation to FIG. 29, a cutting operation to free the input device 104 from the carrier 3002 by removing the additional material shown in phantom in FIG. 30, and so on.
As previously described, the input device 104 has flexible portions, such as the flexible hinge 106 and so on. Accordingly, even though secured in the carrier 3002, portions of the input device 104 may experience movement, such as the connection portion 202. Accordingly, a fixture 3802 is configured to further promote correct alignment and positioning of the input device 104 for performance of the operations. For example, the connection portion 202 may include a magnetic coupling device 204 to form a physical coupling to a computing device 102 as described previously. Use of a magnet 3804 included as part of the magnetic coupling device 204 may be leveraged to secure and align the connection portion 204 during these operations.
The carrier 3002, for instance, may be positioned proximal to a fixture 3802 as shown. The fixture 3802 may include a ferrous material 3806 disposed within other material that is non-ferrous. Accordingly, the magnet 3804 of the magnetic coupling portion may be magnetically attracted to the ferrous material 3806 of the fixture 3802. This causes the connection portion 202 to be secured flat against the fixture 3802. This may promote a variety of different efficiencies.
For instance, the carrier 3002 may be positioned proximal to the fixture 3802. The carrier 3002 may have positioned therein a key assembly 2702 disposed between outer layers 402, 416 as shown in FIG. 29. Magnets 3804 of the connection portion 204 may be secured to the ferrous material 3806. In this way, the connection portion 204 is secured during performance of one or more operations, such as lamination of the outer layers together around the key assembly, cutting operation, and so forth as previously described. The magnetic coupling portion 204 may be form in a variety of ways, further discussion of which may be found in relation to the following section.
Magnetic Coupling Portion
FIG. 39 depicts an example 3900 of a magnetic coupling portion that may be employed by the input device 104 or computing device 102 to implement a flux fountain. In this example, alignment of a magnet field is indicted for each of a plurality of magnets using arrows.
A first magnet 3902 is disposed in the magnetic coupling device having a magnetic field aligned along an axis. Second and third magnets 3904, 3906 are disposed on opposing sides of the first magnet 3902. The alignment of the magnetic fields of the second and third magnets 3904, 3906 are substantially perpendicular to the axis of the first magnet 3902 and generally opposed each other.
In this case, the magnetic fields of the second and third magnets are aimed towards the first magnet 3902. This causes the magnetic field of the first magnet 3902 to extend further along the indicated axis, thereby increasing a range of the magnetic field of the first magnet 3902.
The effect may be further extended using fourth and fifth magnets 3908, 3910. In this example, the fourth and fifth magnets 3908, 3910 have magnetic fields that are aligned as substantially opposite to the magnetic field of the first magnet 3902. Further, the second magnet 3904 is disposed between the fourth magnet 3908 and the first magnet 3902. The third magnet 3906 is disposed between the first magnet 3902 and the fifth magnet 3910. Thus, the magnetic fields of the fourth and fifth magnets 3908, 3910 may also be caused to extend further along their respective axes which may further increase the strength of these magnets as well as other magnets in the collection. This arrangement of five magnets is suitable to form a flux fountain. Although five magnets were described, any odd number of magnets of five and greater may repeat this relationship to form flux fountains of even greater strength.
To magnetically attach to another magnetic coupling device, a similar arrangement of magnets may be disposed “on top” or “below” of the illustrated arrangement, e.g., so the magnetic fields of the first, fourth and fifth magnets 3902, 3908, 3910 are aligned with corresponding magnets above or below those magnets. Further, in the illustrated example, the strength of the first, fourth, and fifth magnets 3902, 3908, 3910 is stronger than the second and third magnets 3904, 3906, although other implementations are also contemplated. Another example of a flux fountain is described in relation to the following discussion of the figure.
FIG. 40 depicts an example 4000 of a magnetic coupling portion that may be employed by the input device 104 or computing device 102 to implement a flux fountain. In this example, alignment of a magnet field is also indicted for each of a plurality of magnets using arrows.
Like the example 1200 of FIG. 12, a first magnet 4002 is disposed in the magnetic coupling device having a magnetic field aligned along an axis. Second and third magnets 4004, 4006 are disposed on opposing sides of the first magnet 4002. The alignment of the magnetic fields of the second and third magnets 4004, 4006 are substantially perpendicular the axis of the first magnet 4002 and generally opposed each other like the example 1200 of FIG. 12.
In this case, the magnetic fields of the second and third magnets are aimed towards the first magnet 4002. This causes the magnetic field of the first magnet 4002 to extend further along the indicated axis, thereby increasing a range of the magnetic field of the first magnet 4002.
This effect may be further extended using fourth and fifth magnets 4008, 4010. In this example, the fourth magnet 4008 has a magnetic field that is aligned as substantially opposite to the magnetic field of the first magnet 4002. The fifth magnet 4010 has a magnetic field that is aligned as substantially corresponding to the magnet field of the second magnet 4004 and is substantially opposite to the magnetic field of the third magnet 4006. The fourth magnet 4008 is disposed between the third and fifth magnets 4006, 4010 in the magnetic coupling device.
This arrangement of five magnets is suitable to form a flux fountain. Although five magnets are described, any odd number of magnets of five and greater may repeat this relationship to form flux fountains of even greater strength. Thus, the magnetic fields of the first 4002 and fourth magnet 4008 may also be caused to extend further along its axis which may further increase the strength of this magnet.
To magnetically attach to another magnetic coupling device, a similar arrangement of magnets may be disposed “on top” or “below” of the illustrated arrangement, e.g., so the magnetic fields of the first and fourth magnets 4002, 4008 are aligned with corresponding magnets above or below those magnets. Further, in the illustrated example, the strength of the first and fourth magnets 4002, 4008 (individually) is stronger than a strength of the second, third and fifth magnets 4004, 4006, 4010, although other implementations are also contemplated.
Further, the example 3900 of FIG. 39, using similar sizes of magnets, may have increased magnetic coupling as opposed to the example 4000 of FIG. 40. For instance, the example 3900 of FIG. 39 uses three magnets (e.g. the first, fourth, and fifth magnets 3902, 3908, 3910) to primarily provide the magnetic coupling, with two magnets used to “steer” the magnetic fields of those magnets, e.g., the second and third magnets 3904, 3906. However, the example 4000 of FIG. 40 uses two magnets (e.g., the first and fourth magnets 4002, 4008) to primarily provide the magnetic coupling, with three magnets used to “steer” the magnetic fields of those magnets, e.g., the second, third, and fifth magnets 4004, 4006, 4008.
Accordingly, though, the example 4000 of FIG. 40, using similar sizes of magnets, may have increased magnetic alignment capabilities as opposed to the example 3900 of FIG. 39. For instance, the example 4000 of FIG. 40 uses three magnets (e.g. the second, third, and fifth magnets 4004, 4006, 4010) to “steer” the magnetic fields of the first and fourth magnets 4002, 4008, which are used to provide primary magnetic coupling. Therefore, the alignment of the fields of the magnets in the example 4000 of FIG. 40 may be closer than the alignment of the example 3900 of FIG. 39.
Regardless of the technique employed, it should be readily apparent that the “steering” or “aiming” of the magnetic fields described may be used to increase an effective range of the magnets, e.g., in comparison with the use of the magnets having similar strengths by themselves in a conventional aligned state. In one or more implementations, this causes an increase from a few millimeters using an amount of magnetic material to a few centimeters using the same amount of magnetic material.
Example System and Device
FIG. 41 illustrates an example system generally at 4100 that includes an example computing device 4102 that is representative of one or more computing systems and/or devices that may implement the various techniques described herein. The computing device 4102 may be, for example, be configured to assume a mobile configuration through use of a housing formed and size to be grasped and carried by one or more hands of a user, illustrated examples of which include a mobile phone, mobile game and music device, and tablet computer although other examples are also contemplated.
The example computing device 4102 as illustrated includes a processing system 4104, one or more computer-readable media 4106, and one or more I/O interface 4108 that are communicatively coupled, one to another. Although not shown, the computing device 4102 may further include a system bus or other data and command transfer system that couples the various components, one to another. A system bus can include any one or combination of different bus structures, such as a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a universal serial bus, and/or a processor or local bus that utilizes any of a variety of bus architectures. A variety of other examples are also contemplated, such as control and data lines.
The processing system 4104 is representative of functionality to perform one or more operations using hardware. Accordingly, the processing system 4104 is illustrated as including hardware element 4110 that may be configured as processors, functional blocks, and so forth. This may include implementation in hardware as an application specific integrated circuit or other logic device formed using one or more semiconductors. The hardware elements 4110 are not limited by the materials from which they are formed or the processing mechanisms employed therein. For example, processors may be comprised of semiconductor(s) and/or transistors (e.g., electronic integrated circuits (ICs)). In such a context, processor-executable instructions may be electronically-executable instructions.
The computer-readable storage media 4106 is illustrated as including memory/storage 4112. The memory/storage 4112 represents memory/storage capacity associated with one or more computer-readable media. The memory/storage component 4112 may include volatile media (such as random access memory (RAM)) and/or nonvolatile media (such as read only memory (ROM), Flash memory, optical disks, magnetic disks, and so forth). The memory/storage component 4112 may include fixed media (e.g., RAM, ROM, a fixed hard drive, and so on) as well as removable media (e.g., Flash memory, a removable hard drive, an optical disc, and so forth). The computer-readable media 4106 may be configured in a variety of other ways as further described below.
Input/output interface(s) 4108 are representative of functionality to allow a user to enter commands and information to computing device 4102, and also allow information to be presented to the user and/or other components or devices using various input/output devices. Examples of input devices include a keyboard, a cursor control device (e.g., a mouse), a microphone, a scanner, touch functionality (e.g., capacitive or other sensors that are configured to detect physical touch), a camera (e.g., which may employ visible or non-visible wavelengths such as infrared frequencies to recognize movement as gestures that do not involve touch), and so forth. Examples of output devices include a display device (e.g., a monitor or projector), speakers, a printer, a network card, tactile-response device, and so forth. Thus, the computing device 4102 may be configured in a variety of ways to support user interaction.
The computing device 4102 is further illustrated as being communicatively and physically coupled to an input device 4114 that is physically and communicatively removable from the computing device 4102. In this way, a variety of different input devices may be coupled to the computing device 4102 having a wide variety of configurations to support a wide variety of functionality. In this example, the input device 4114 includes one or more keys 4116, which may be configured as pressure sensitive keys, mechanically switched keys, and so forth.
The input device 4114 is further illustrated as include one or more modules 4118 that may be configured to support a variety of functionality. The one or more modules 4118, for instance, may be configured to process analog and/or digital signals received from the keys 4116 to determine whether a keystroke was intended, determine whether an input is indicative of resting pressure, support authentication of the input device 4114 for operation with the computing device 4102, and so on.
Various techniques may be described herein in the general context of software, hardware elements, or program modules. Generally, such modules include routines, programs, objects, elements, components, data structures, and so forth that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The terms “module,” “functionality,” and “component” as used herein generally represent software, firmware, hardware, or a combination thereof. The features of the techniques described herein are platform-independent, meaning that the techniques may be implemented on a variety of commercial computing platforms having a variety of processors.
An implementation of the described modules and techniques may be stored on or transmitted across some form of computer-readable media. The computer-readable media may include a variety of media that may be accessed by the computing device 4102. By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable media may include “computer-readable storage media” and “computer-readable signal media.”
“Computer-readable storage media” may refer to media and/or devices that enable persistent and/or non-transitory storage of information in contrast to mere signal transmission, carrier waves, or signals per se. Thus, computer-readable storage media refers to non-signal bearing media. The computer-readable storage media includes hardware such as volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media and/or storage devices implemented in a method or technology suitable for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, logic elements/circuits, or other data. Examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, hard disks, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or other storage device, tangible media, or article of manufacture suitable to store the desired information and which may be accessed by a computer.
“Computer-readable signal media” may refer to a signal-bearing medium that is configured to transmit instructions to the hardware of the computing device 4102, such as via a network. Signal media typically may embody computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as carrier waves, data signals, or other transport mechanism. Signal media also include any information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared, and other wireless media.
As previously described, hardware elements 4110 and computer-readable media 4106 are representative of modules, programmable device logic and/or fixed device logic implemented in a hardware form that may be employed in some embodiments to implement at least some aspects of the techniques described herein, such as to perform one or more instructions. Hardware may include components of an integrated circuit or on-chip system, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and other implementations in silicon or other hardware. In this context, hardware may operate as a processing device that performs program tasks defined by instructions and/or logic embodied by the hardware as well as a hardware utilized to store instructions for execution, e.g., the computer-readable storage media described previously.
Combinations of the foregoing may also be employed to implement various techniques described herein. Accordingly, software, hardware, or executable modules may be implemented as one or more instructions and/or logic embodied on some form of computer-readable storage media and/or by one or more hardware elements 4110. The computing device 4102 may be configured to implement particular instructions and/or functions corresponding to the software and/or hardware modules. Accordingly, implementation of a module that is executable by the computing device 4102 as software may be achieved at least partially in hardware, e.g., through use of computer-readable storage media and/or hardware elements 4110 of the processing system 4104. The instructions and/or functions may be executable/operable by one or more articles of manufacture (for example, one or more computing devices 4102 and/or processing systems 4104) to implement techniques, modules, and examples described herein.
CONCLUSION
Although the example implementations have been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the implementations defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claimed features.

## Claims

1. A method comprising:
positioning a carrier proximal to a fixture, the carrier having positioned therein a key assembly disposed between first and second outer layers and a connection portion having a magnetic coupling device configured to be secured to a computing device, the positioning performed to align and secure the magnetic coupling device to a portion of the fixture;
positioning layers of the key assembly in the fixture that has one or more projections disposed through one or more openings in each of the layers that are secured to each other to form the key assembly; and
performing one or more operations to secure the first and second outer layers of the positioned carrier.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein the positioning the carrier is performed such that the connection portion is restricted from movement during said performing the one or more operations.

3. The method as described in claim 1, wherein at least one of the one or more operations is a lamination operation and the positioning the carrier is performed such that the connection portion remains flat against the fixture during the lamination operation.

4. The method as described in claim 1, wherein the magnetic coupling device includes an arrangement of a plurality of magnets that form a flux fountain.

5. The method as described in claim 1, wherein the first and second outer layers, the connection portion, and the key assembly form an input device for the computing device.

6. The method as described in claim 5, wherein the connection portion is configured to provide a physical and communicative coupling with the computing device that is removable.

7. The method as described in claim 1, further comprising:
securing the positioned layers of the key assembly to each other to form the key assembly.

8. A system comprising:
a carrier positioned proximal to a fixture, the carrier having positioned therein a key assembly disposed between first and second outer layers and a connection portion having a magnetic coupling device configured to be secured to a computing device, the carrier positioned to align and secure the magnetic coupling device to a portion of the fixture, the first and second outer layers being secured to the positioned carrier, and
a plurality of layers of the key assembly positioned in the fixture that has one or more projections disposed through at least one opening in each of the plurality of layers that are secured to each other to form the key assembly.

9. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the first and second outer layers are secured to the positioned carrier by a lamination operation.

10. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the secured first and second outer layers restrict movement of the connection portion.

11. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the secured first and second outer layers cause the connection portion to remain flat against the fixture.

12. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the magnetic coupling device includes an arrangement of a plurality of magnets that form a flux fountain.

13. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the first and second outer layers, the connection portion, and the key assembly form an input device for the computing device.

14. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the connection portion is configured to provide a physical and communicative coupling with the computing device that is removable.

15. The system as described in claim 8, wherein the projections of the fixture align the plurality of layers positioned in the fixture the positioned and aligned plurality of layers being secured to each other to form the key assembly.

16. A system comprising:
a carrier positioned proximal to a fixture, the carrier including a first side and a second side attached to each other using a hinge, the carrier having positioned therein a key assembly disposed between first and second outer layers and a connection portion having a magnetic coupling device configured to be secured to a computing device, the carrier positioned to align and secure the magnetic coupling device to a portion of the fixture, the first and second outer layers being secured to the carrier, and
key assembly layers positioned in the fixture that has one or more projections disposed through at least one opening in each of the key assembly layers to align the key assembly layers that are secured to each other to form the key assembly.

17. The system as described in claim 16, wherein the first outer layer is secured to the first side of the carrier, and the second outer layer is secured to the second side of the carrier.

18. The system as described in claim 16, wherein the magnetic coupling device includes an arrangement of a plurality of magnets that form a flux fountain.

19. The system as described in claim 16, wherein the first and second outer layers, the connection portion, and the key assembly form an input device for the computing device.

20. The system as described in claim 16, wherein the connection portion is configured to provide a physical and communicative coupling with the computing device that is removable.