Bridging the 50-State Survey 

of Fishing, Hunting, and WildlifeAssociated Recreation with 

Previous National Survey of 

Fishing, Hunting, and WildlifeAssociated Recreation Trends

Final Methodology Overview

MARCH 2020

NEW YORK

THE ROCKVILLE INSTITUTE, FOR 

STATE FISH AND WILDLIFE AGENCIES
Suggested Citation:

Rockville Institute. 2020. Bridging the 50-State Surveys of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated 

Recreation with Previous National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation 

Trends. Final Methodology Overview: New York.
 New York // 1

In 2016, the Rockville Institute conducted the 50-State Survey 

of Fishing, Hunting and Wildlife-Associated Recreation 

(FHWAR); see more details in Rockville Institute (2018). 

Concurrently, the Census Bureau conducted the 2016 

National Survey of FHWAR; see more details in U.S. 

Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 

and U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Census Bureau 

(2018). The two surveys were based on samples of addresses 

intended to be representative of the United States population 

living in households, and used questionnaires as nearly 

identical as possible. Both surveys identified likely sportspersons and wildlife watchers within sampled households, 

and individual participation surveys covered all of calendar 

year 2016. However, differences in sample design, sample 

selection process and mode of data collection resulted in 

estimates that were substantially different between the surveys.

Estimates from the 2016 National Survey of FHWAR are 

directly comparable to those from previous surveys such as 

the 2011 National Survey of FHWAR; see U.S. Department of 

the Interior, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, and U.S. Department 

of Commerce U.S. Census Bureau (2014). Due to its modest 

sample size, it can only produce reliable estimates at the 

national and census division level. In contrast, the 50-State 

Survey of FHWAR produced state-level estimates, but these 

estimates are not directly comparable to those from previous 

surveys. The Rockville Institute therefore completed a project 

to create new state-level estimates that are calibrated to those 

of the 2016 National Survey of FHWAR. The dual purpose of 

these calibrated estimates is to maintain the fine level of 

granularity of the 50-State Survey of FHWAR but enable 

comparison to previous National Surveys of FHWAR.

Through this bridging project, the Rockville Institute 

created new state-level tables showing adjusted survey 

estimates by state of residency of the participants. These 

tables show the estimated demographics, participation, 

days, trips and expenditures, for fishing, hunting and 

wildlife-related activities for residents of each of the 50 

states and DC. The tables correspond to Tables 5, 15, 22, 

28, 30, 33, 35, and 36 in the state reports released by the 

Rockville Institute in 2018, with the exception of Tables 28 

and 33, where we report an extended set of statistics 

compared to those reported in the 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR report.

The calibration procedure used to create these tables involved 

a combination of data harmonization and statistical modeling 

of the differences between the two surveys. The procedure 

consisted of the following major steps. First, the estimated 

demographic compositions of both surveys were aligned at 

the census division level, using survey calibration methods. 

Second, a statistical model was developed to account for the 

differences in participation rates in hunting, fishing and 

wildlife-related activities between the two surveys. This 

“bridging model” was used to predict state-level participating 

rates that are consistent with those obtained using the 

Census Bureau methodology. By combining these predicted 

participation rates with the harmonized population estimates, 

calibrated estimates of the numbers of participants in each 

state were obtained. Third, the characteristics of the 

participants’ activities, such as the number and type of 

activities, days of participation and types of associated 

expenditures, were adjusted by means of estimated products 

or ratios of these characteristics between the two surveys. 

Finally, applying these products or ratios to the calibrated 

estimates of the participant numbers made it possible to 

produce the calibrated tables of estimates mentioned above. 

For more details about the bridging project, see Rockville 

Institute (2020).

OVERVIEW
 New York // 2

References

• Rockville Institute. 2018. 2016 50-State Survey of Fishing, 

Hunting, and Wildlife-Related Recreation: National.

• Rockville Institute. 2020. Bridging the 50-State Surveys 

of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation 

with Previous National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and 

Wildlife-Associated Recreation Trends. Final Methodology 

Report. 

• U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Census 

Bureau. 2014. 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, 

and Wildlife-Related Recreation.

• U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Census 

Bureau. 2018. 2016 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, 

and Wildlife-Related Recreation.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 3

APPENDIX A: POINT ESTIMATES

The tables in Appendix A depict the calibrated point 

estimates, subject to rounding error. The format of the 

calibrated tables in this appendix matches closely the 

format used in the 50-State Survey of FHWAR reports. 

Summary statistics reported in the calibrated tables are 

described below, by table.

Table 5 

Fishing and hunting, participation, days, and trips

• Total fishing participation and total hunting participation: 

product-type statistics derived using model predictions for 

percent participation in the population and total population 

based on adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR weights.

• Total freshwater, freshwater except Great Lakes, Great 

Lakes, and saltwater fishing participation, total big game, 

small game, migratory birds, and other animals hunting 

participation: product-type statistics derived using total 

fishing participation, total hunting participation, percent 

participation of freshwater, freshwater except Great Lakes, 

Great Lakes, and saltwater fishing in all fishing, and percent 

participation of big game, small game, migratory birds, 

and other animals hunting in all hunting (columns 

denoted by %).

• Total fishing (all and subcategories) days/trips of 

participation and total hunting (all and subcategories) 

days/trips of participation: product-type statistics derived 

using total number of fishing (all and subcategories) 

participants, total number of hunting (all and subcategories) participants, and days/trips per participant 

(not displayed).

• Percent participation (columns denoted by %): statistics 

constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR 

final weights, using data from the fishing or hunting survey 

for the fishing and hunting sections, respectively.

Table 15

Fishing and hunting, demographics

• Total population (all and subcategories): composite 

statistics constructed using 2-way composite factors to 

adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final weights, using 

data from both the fishing and the hunting surveys.

• Total number of anglers and total number of hunters: 

product-type statistics derived using model predictions for 

percent participation in the population (columns denoted 

by % Pop.), and total population based on adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final weights.

• Total number of sportspersons: ratio-type statistics derived 

using total number of anglers and percent anglers in 

sportspersons (not displayed).

• Total population, sportspersons, anglers, hunters, by 

demographics: product-type statistics, derived using total 

population, sportspersons, anglers, hunters participation, 

and percent demographic-specific participation in total 

participation (columns denoted by %).

• Percent demographic-specific population, sportspersons, 

anglers, hunters participation in total participation 

(columns denoted by %): composite statistics constructed 

using 2-way composite factors to adjusted 50-State Survey 

of FHWAR final weights, using data from the fishing and 

hunting surveys.

• Percent demographic-specific anglers and hunters 

participation in the total demographic-specific population 

(columns denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived 

using total demographic-specific anglers and hunters 

participation and total demographic-specific population.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 4

• Percent total and demographic-specific sportspersons 

participation in the total and demographic-specific population (column denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type 

statistics, derived using total population and sportspersons participation.

Table 22

Fishing and hunting, spenders and expenses

• Total fishing and hunting expenditure (all and subcategories) 

amount, total fishing expenditure (all and subcategories) 

amount, total hunting expenditure (all and subcategories) 

amount, and total unspecified expenditure amount: 

product-type statistics derived using expenditure 

amount per participant (columns denoted by Average 

Per Sportsperson), and total sportspersons participation 

(all and subcategories), total anglers participation 

(all and subcategories), total hunters participation 

(all and subcategories) and total sportspersons 

participation, respectively.

• Expenditure amount per participant (columns denoted 

by Average Per Sportsperson) and expenditure amount 

per spender (columns denoted by Average Per Spender):

> Fishing section: statistics constructed using full adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final weights, using data 

from the fishing survey only.

> Hunting section: statistics constructed using full adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final weights, using data 

from the hunting survey only.

> Fishing and hunting, and unspecified sections: except 

for some expenses and spenders noted in the table 

footnotes, these are composite statistics constructed using 

2-way composite factors to adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR final weights, using data from the fishing and 

hunting surveys.

• Total fishing and hunting (all and subcategories) number 

of spenders, total fishing (all and subcategories) number 

of spenders, total hunting (all and subcategories) number 

of spenders, and total unspecified number of spenders: 

product-type statistics derived using the percent spenders 

in total participation (not displayed), and total 

sportspersons participation (all and subcategories), 

total anglers participation (all and subcategories), total 

hunters participation (all and subcategories) and total 

sportspersons participation, respectively.

Table 28

Wildlife watching, participation, days, and trips

• Total wildlife watching participation: product-type 

statistics derived using model predictions for percent 

participation in the population, and total population 

based on adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final weights.

• Total away from home (all and subcategories) and 

around the home (all and subcategories) wildlife watching 

participation: product-type statistics derived using total 

wildlife watching participation, and percent participation 

of away from home (all and subcategories) and around 

the home (all and subcategories) wildlife watching in all 

wildlife watching (columns denoted by %).

• Total wildlife watching (all and subcategories) days/trips 

of participation: product-type statistics derived using 

total number of wildlife watching (all and subcategories) 

participants and days/trips per participant (not displayed).

• Percent participation (columns denoted by %): statistics 

constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR final weights, using data from the wildlife 

watching survey.

• Percent participation in the total population (column 

denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived 

using total population from Table 30 and wildlife 

watching participation.

Table 30

Wildlife watching, demographics

• Total population (all and subcategories): composite statistics 

constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR 

final weights, using data from the wildlife watching survey. 

Note that the total population estimates in Tables 15 and 30 

differ due to demographic harmonization without state 

targets estimated from the National Survey of FHWAR 

(information not available); see Rockville Institute (2020) 

for more details about the demographic harmonization.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 5

• Total number of wildlife watchers: product-type statistics 

derived using model predictions for percent participation 

in the population (columns denoted by % Pop.) and 

total population based on adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR weights.

• Total number of away from home or around the home 

wildlife watchers: product-type statistics derived using 

total number of wildlife watchers, and percent away 

from home or around the home wildlife watchers in 

all wildlife watchers (columns denoted by % Pop. in 

Table 35; not displayed).

• Total population, wildlife watchers, away from home, 

around the home, by demographics: product-type statistics, 

derived using total population, wildlife watchers, away 

from home, around the home participation, and percent 

demographic-specific participation in total participation 

(columns denoted by %).

• Percent demographic-specific population, wildlife watchers, 

away from home, around the home participation in total 

participation (columns denoted by %): composite statistics 

constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR final weights, using data from the wildlife 

watching survey.

• Percent demographic-specific wildlife watchers, participation in the total demographic-specific population (column 

denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived using total 

demographic-specific wildlife watchers participation and 

total demographic-specific population.

• Percent total and demographic-specific away from home 

and around the home participation in the total and 

demographic-specif­ic population (columns denoted 

by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived using total population and away from home and around the 

home participation, respectively.

Table 33

Wildlife watching, spenders and expenditures — three 

versions for all wildlife watchers, away from home wildlife 

watchers, and around the home wildlife watchers

• Total wildlife watching expenditure (all and subcategories) 

amount: product-type statistics derived using total 

number of wildlife watching (all and subcategories) 

participants and expenditure amount per participant 

(columns denoted by Average Per Wildlife Watcher).

• Expenditure amount per participant (columns denoted by 

Average Per Wildlife Watcher) and expenditure amount 

per spender (columns denoted by Average Per Spender): 

statistics constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey 

of FHWAR final weights, using data from the wildlife 

watching survey only.

• Total wildlife watching (all and subcategories) number of 

spenders: product-type statistics derived using total number 

of wildlife watching (all and subcategories) participants 

and the percent spenders in total participation 

(columns denoted by Percent of Wildlife Watchers).

• Percent spenders in total participation (columns denoted 

by Percent of Wildlife Watchers): statistics constructed 

using full adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final weights, 

using data from the wildlife watching survey only.

Table 35

Wildlife watchers participating in fishing and hunting

• Total number of wildlife watchers: product-type statistics 

derived using model predictions for percent participation 

in the population (columns denoted by % Pop. in Table 

30), and total population based on adjusted 50-State 

Survey of FHWAR final weights (displayed in Table 30).

• Total number of away from home or around the home 

wildlife watchers: product-type statistics derived using 

total number of wildlife watchers, and percent away 

from home or around the home wildlife watchers in all 

wildlife watchers (columns not displayed).

• Total number of wildlife watchers, away from home, 

around the home who did not fish or hunt, fished or 

hunted, fished, hunted: product-type statistics, derived 

using total number of wildlife watchers, and percent 

sportsperson-specific category in the corresponding total 

participation (columns denoted by %).

• Percent sportsperson-specific category in the corresponding total participation (columns denoted by %): statistics 

constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR final weights, using data from the wildlife 

watching survey.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 6

Table 36

Sportspersons participating in wildlife watching

• Total number of sportspersons: ratio-type statistics 

derived using total number of anglers, percent anglers 

in sportspersons (not displayed).

• Total number of anglers or total number of hunters: 

product-type statistics derived using model predictions 

for percent participation in the population (columns 

denoted by % Pop. in Table 15), and total population 

based on adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final 

weights (displayed in Table 15).

• Total number of sportspersons, anglers, or hunters who 

did not wildlife watch, wildlife watch, wildlife watch 

away from home, wildlife watch around the home: 

product-type statistics, derived using total number of 

sportspersons, anglers, or hunters, and percent wildlife 

watcher-specific category in the corresponding total 

participation (columns denoted by %).

• Percent wildlife watcher-specific category in the corresponding total participation (columns denoted by %): 

composite statistics constructed using 3-way composite 

factors to adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final 

weights, using data from the fishing, hunting, and 

wildlife watching surveys.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 7

Table 5 New York Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation and Trips in the United States, 

by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2016 

(Population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

 PARTICIPANTS DAYS OF PARTICIPATION TRIPS

# % # % # %

ALL FISHING 1,574 100 26,484 100 13,692 100

All freshwater 1,036 66 16,620 63 6,010 44

Freshwater, except Great Lakes 993 63 13,437 51 4,145 30

Great Lakes 409 26 3,184 12 1,866 14

Saltwater 802 51 9,863 37 7,682 56

ALL HUNTING 449 100 7,889 100 8,158 100

Big game 444 99 7,058 89 6,491 80

Small game 108 24 1,298 16 879 11

Migratory birds 35 8 540 7 496 6

Other animals 74 16 369 5 291 4

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 8

Table 15 New York Resident Anglers and Hunters, by Selected Characteristics: 2016

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

POPULATION SPORTSPERSONS ANGLERS HUNTERS

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

TOTAL 16,133 100 1,895 12 100 1,574 10 100 449 3 100

RESIDENCE DENSITY

Urban 14,139 88 1,434 10 76 1,257 9 80 273 2 61

Rural 1,993 12 461 23 24 318 16 20 176 9 39

RESIDENCE SIZE

Metropolitan Statistical 

Area (MSA)

15,733 98 1,860 12 98 1,541 10 98 438 3 97

1,000,000 or more 12,396 77 981 8 52 847 7 54 151 1 34

250,000 to 999,999 1,822 11 465 26 25 455 25 29 133 7 30

50,000 to 249,999 1,516 9 413 27 22 239 16 15 153 10 34

Outside MSA 399 2 35 9 2 34 8 2 11 3 3

SEX

Male 7,970 49 1,142 14 60 923 12 59 300 4 67

Female 8,163 51 752 9 40 652 8 41 149 2 33

AGE

16 to 17 years 326 2 84 26 4 42 13 3 33 10 7

18 to 24 years 2,851 18 120 4 6 54 2 3 32 1 7

25 to 34 years 2,214 14 399 18 21 372 17 24 79 4 18

35 to 44 years 2,190 14 488 22 26 473 22 30 126 6 28

45 to 54 years 3,332 21 262 8 14 188 6 12 51 2 11

55 to 64 years 2,710 17 179 7 9 148 5 9 25 1 5

65 years and older 2,509 16 363 14 19 296 12 19 104 4 23

65 to 74 years 1,395 9 172 12 9 166 12 11 17 1 4

75 and older 1,114 7 191 17 10 130 12 8 87 8 19

ETHNICITY

Hispanic 4,879 30 56 1 3 58 1 4 6 0 1

Non-Hispanic 11,253 70 1,839 16 97 1,516 13 96 443 4 99

RACE

White 12,926 80 1,643 13 87 1,401 11 89 392 3 87

African American 1,392 9 112 8 6 116 8 7 — — —

All Others 1,815 11 140 8 7 58 3 4 58 3 13

(continued on next page)
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 9

Table 15 New York Resident Anglers and Hunters, by Selected Characteristics: 2016 (continued) 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

(continued from previous page)

POPULATION SPORTSPERSONS ANGLERS HUNTERS

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

ANNUAL 

HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Less than $20,000 1,403 9 94 7 5 80 6 5 22 2 5

$20,000 to $29,999 1,371 9 42 3 2 44 3 3 11 1 2

$30,000 to $39,999 574 4 98 17 5 61 11 4 31 5 7

$40,000 to $49,999 724 4 9 1 0 5 1 0 4 1 1

$50,000 to $74,999 2,859 18 501 18 26 455 16 29 82 3 18

$75,000 to $99,999 1,397 9 218 16 11 202 14 13 23 2 5

$100,000 to $149, 999 2,545 16 286 11 15 143 6 9 109 4 24

$150,000 or more 1,687 10 303 18 16 298 18 19 22 1 5

Not reported 3,572 22 345 10 18 286 8 18 145 4 32

EDUCATION

8 years or less 1,014 6 19 2 1 20 2 1 8 1 2

9 to 12 years 4,512 28 492 11 26 330 7 21 159 4 35

1 to 3 years of college 5,081 31 587 12 31 440 9 28 144 3 32

4 years or more 

of college

5,526 34 797 14 42 784 14 50 138 3 31

— No sample data 

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent population (% Pop.) columns show the percentage of each row’s population who participated in the 

activity named by the column (the percentage of the population living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Columns labeled “%”under Sportspersons, Anglers, and Hunters show the 

percentage of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percentage of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 10

Table 22 Expenditures by New York Residents for Fishing and Hunting Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

SPORTSPERSON

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF

SPENDERS

(thousands)

FISHING AND HUNTING 7,654,919 4,040 4,245 1,803

Food and lodging 1,039,925 549 700 1,487

Transportation 405,249 214 278 1,456

Other trip costs 2 804,049 424 674 1,192

Equipment (fishing, hunting) 847,804 447 640 1,325

Auxiliary equipment 3 255,392 135 264 966

Special equipment 4 3,726,694 1,967 12,418 300

Magazines, books, and DVDs 20,833 11 103 202

Membership dues/contributions 30,135 16 87 345

Other 5 524,838 277 463 1,133

FISHING 2,832,626 1,799 1,859 1,524

Food and lodging 873,820 555 668 1,307

Transportation 234,085 149 176 1,327

Other trip costs 2 561,422 357 429 1,308

Fishing equipment 361,482 230 291 1,241

Auxiliary equipment 3 63,771 41 119 534

Special equipment 4 589,340 374 1,815 325

Magazines, books, and DVDs 6,697 4 116 58

Membership dues/contributions 16,436 10 77 215

Other 5 125,573 80 186 675

HUNTING 1,022,202 2,275 2,321 440

Food and lodging 111,352 248 309 361

Transportation 91,452 204 284 322

Other trip costs 2 137,660 306 1,841 75

Hunting equipment 240,679 536 914 263

Auxiliary equipment 3 44,005 98 293 150

Special equipment 4 188,058 419 17,200 11

Magazines, books, and DVDs 5,619 13 88 64

Membership dues/contributions 5,937 13 144 41

Other 5 197,441 439 461 428

UNSPECIFIED 6 2,904,633 1,533 8,336 348

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).

3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair 

of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.

4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing, including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, 

pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.

5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, permits, and plantings (for hunting only).

6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.

NOTE: Individual estimates do not add to total because of multiple responses, nonreponse, the independent bridging of fishing and hunting participation, and the bridging of 

sportspersons participation relative to fishing participation.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 11

Table 28 New York Resident Wildlife Watchers Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

 PARTICIPANTS

DAYS OF 

PARTICIPATION TRIPS

# %

% 

Pop. # % # %

WILDLIFE WATCHERS 5,479 100 35 501,322 100 22,035 100

Away from home 2,621 48 17 65,944 13 22,035 100

Observe wildlife 2,124 39 14 52,347 10 x x

Photograph wildlife 1,509 28 10 33,241 7 x x

Feed wildlife 917 17 6 40,909 8 x x

Around the home 5,095 93 33 435,377 87 x x

Observe wildlife 2,842 52 18 353,002 70 x x

Photograph wildlife 2,423 44 15 38,920 8 x x

Feed wildlife 3,521 64 22 x x x x

Visit parks or natural areas 1 1,931 35 12 43,454 9 x x

Maintain plantings or natural areas 885 16 6 x x x x

x Not applicable 

1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent population (% Pop.) columns show the percentage of each row’s population who participated in the 

activity named by the column (the percentage of the population who observed wildlife away from home, etc.). Columns labeled “%” show the percentage of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percentage of wildlife watchers who observed wildlife away from home, etc.).
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 12

Table 30 New York Resident Wildlife Watchers, by Selected Characteristics: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

POPULATION TOTAL AWAY FROM HOME AROUND THE HOME

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

TOTAL 15,676 100 5,479 35 100 2,621 17 100 5,095 33 100

RESIDENCE DENSITY

Urban 14,055 90 4,622 33 84 2,495 18 95 4,239 30 83

Rural 1,620 10 856 53 16 127 8 5 856 53 17

RESIDENCE SIZE

Metropolitan Statistical 

Area (MSA)

14,964 95 5,080 34 93 2,621 18 100 4,697 31 92

1,000,000 or more 12,469 80 4,239 34 77 2,412 19 92 3,856 31 76

250,000 to 999.999 1,529 10 397 26 7 59 4 2 397 26 8

50,000 to 249,999 966 6 444 46 8 151 16 6 444 46 9

Outside MSA 711 5 398 56 7 — — — 398 56 8

SEX

Male 6,527 42 2,787 43 51 1,250 19 48 2,404 37 47

Female 9,149 58 2,691 29 49 1,371 15 52 2,691 29 53

AGE

16 to 17 years 250 2 46 18 1 — — — 46 18 1

18 to 24 years 914 6 342 37 6 162 18 6 342 37 7

25 to 34 years 3,262 21 1,277 39 23 526 16 20 1,154 35 23

35 to 44 years 3,202 20 881 28 16 564 18 22 742 23 15

45 to 54 years 1,880 12 866 46 16 585 31 22 744 40 15

55 to 64 years 2,692 17 1,011 38 18 280 10 11 1,011 38 20

65 years and older 3,476 22 1,056 30 19 505 15 19 1,056 30 21

65 to 74 years 1,468 9 309 21 6 185 13 7 309 21 6

75 and older 2,008 13 747 37 14 320 16 12 747 37 15

ETHNICITY

Hispanic 3,260 21 593 18 11 384 12 15 593 18 12

Non-Hispanic 12,416 79 4,885 39 89 2,238 18 85 4,502 36 88

RACE

White 11,915 76 4,181 35 76 1,883 16 72 3,877 33 76

African American 1,374 9 657 48 12 201 15 8 657 48 13

All Others 2,386 15 641 27 12 537 23 20 562 24 11

(continued on next page)
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 13

Table 30 New York Resident Wildlife Watchers, by Selected Characteristics: 2016 (continued) 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

(continued from previous page)

POPULATION TOTAL AWAY FROM HOME AROUND THE HOME

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

ANNUAL 

HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Less than $20,000 1,481 9 632 43 12 343 23 13 632 43 12

$20,000 to $29,999 1,389 9 502 36 9 296 21 11 470 34 9

$30,000 to $39,999 1,047 7 302 29 6 157 15 6 302 29 6

$40,000 to $49,999 405 3 135 33 2 96 24 4 135 33 3

$50,000 to $74,999 1,798 11 570 32 10 126 7 5 570 32 11

$75,000 to $99,999 1,960 13 922 47 17 233 12 9 922 47 18

$100,000 to $149, 999 2,690 17 982 37 18 493 18 19 737 27 14

$150,000 or more 2,594 17 1,082 42 20 786 30 30 975 38 19

Not reported 2,313 15 352 15 6 91 4 3 352 15 7

EDUCATION

8 years or less 444 3 122 27 2 — — — 122 27 2

9 to 12 years 4,908 31 1,584 32 29 815 17 31 1,461 30 29

1 to 3 years of college 4,073 26 1,125 28 21 398 10 15 1,125 28 22

4 years or more 

of college

6,251 40 2,649 42 48 1,409 23 54 2,388 38 47

— No sample data 

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent population (% Pop.) columns show the percentage of each row’s population who 

participated in the activity named by the column (the percentage of the population living in urban areas who participated, etc.). Columns labeled “%”under TOTAL, Away From 

Home, and Around the Home show the percentage of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percentage of those who lived in urban areas, etc.).
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 14

Table 33A Expenditures by New York Residents for All Wildlife Watching Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHER

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF 

SPENDERS

(thousands)

PERCENT OF 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHERS

ALL EXPENDITURES 6,377,465 1,164 1,448 4,405 80

TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES 2,742,382 501 1,253 2,188 40

Food and lodging 1,647,256 301 922 1,787 33

Food 980,363 179 563 1,743 32

Lodging 666,893 122 809 825 15

Transportation 854,669 156 405 2,113 39

Other trip costs 2 240,457 44 245 980 18

EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES 3,635,083 664 943 3,857 70

Wildlife-watching equipment 1,284,107 234 366 3,511 64

Binoculars, spotting scopes 180,835 33 260 694 13

Film and photo processing 34,619 6 82 424 8

Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and 

other photographic equipment, including 

memory cards

258,240 47 272 950 17

Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing 168,311 31 195 862 16

Bird food 360,228 66 143 2,511 46

Food for other wildlife 90,784 17 84 1,085 20

Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, 

and bird baths

176,720 32 97 1,829 33

Other equipment (including field guides) 14,370 3 39 369 7

Auxiliary equipment 3 164,229 30 213 771 14

Special equipment 4 818,314 149 2,963 276 5

Magazines, books, and DVDs 39,506 7 75 529 10

Membership dues and contributions 144,107 26 146 985 18

Land leasing and ownership 1,036,906 189 5,123 202 4

Plantings 147,903 27 263 562 10

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.

3 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.

4 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, 

recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 15

Table 33B Expenditures by New York Residents for Away-from-home Wildlife Watching Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHER

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF 

SPENDERS

(thousands)

PERCENT OF 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHERS

ALL EXPENDITURES 5,002,526 1,908 1,956 2,557 98

TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES 2,892,321 1,103 1,131 2,557 98

Food and lodging 1,843,323 703 819 2,250 86

Food 1,167,119 445 519 2,250 86

Lodging 676,204 258 554 1,220 47

Transportation 956,067 365 401 2,382 91

Other trip costs 2 92,930 35 118 785 30

EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES 2,110,205 805 2,952 715 27

Wildlife-watching equipment 170,295 65 329 518 20

Binoculars, spotting scopes 48,090 18 350 137 5

Film and photo processing — — — — —

Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and 

other photographic equipment, including 

memory cards

— — — — —

Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing 75,771 29 377 201 8

Bird food 4,108 2 17 240 9

Food for other wildlife 1,429 1 12 123 5

Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, 

and bird baths

37,270 14 165 226 9

Other equipment (including field guides) 3,625 1 20 181 7

Auxiliary equipment 3 21,985 8 160 137 5

Special equipment 4 — — — — —

Magazines, books, and DVDs 3,153 1 25 126 5

Membership dues and contributions 22,090 8 92 241 9

Land leasing and ownership 1,892,685 722 15,000 126 5

Plantings — — — — —

— No sample data 

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.

3 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.

4 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, 

recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 16

Table 33C Expenditures by New York Residents for Around-the-home Wildlife Watching Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHER

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF 

SPENDERS

(thousands)

PERCENT OF 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHERS

ALL EXPENDITURES 1,670,069 328 513 3,257 64

TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES x x x x x

Food and lodging x x x x x

Food x x x x x

Lodging x x x x x

Transportation x x x x x

Other trip costs 2 x x x x x

EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES 1,670,069 328 513 3,257 64

Wildlife-watching equipment 735,003 144 238 3,088 61

Binoculars, spotting scopes 38,969 8 142 274 5

Film and photo processing 31,907 6 155 207 4

Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and 

other photographic equipment, including 

memory cards

203,839 40 346 589 12

Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing 62,448 12 186 336 7

Bird food 273,258 54 138 1,981 39

Food for other wildlife 31,673 6 42 752 15

Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, 

and bird baths

91,176 18 56 1,617 32

Other equipment (including field guides) 1,743 0 10 174 3

Auxiliary equipment 3 20,590 4 79 262 5

Special equipment 4 842,897 165 3,022 279 5

Magazines, books, and DVDs 9,085 2 46 197 4

Membership dues and contributions 43,270 8 110 394 8

Land leasing and ownership — — — — —

Plantings 19,230 4 73 265 5

— No sample data x Not applicable 

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.

3 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.

4 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, 

recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 17

Table 35 New York Resident Wildlife Watchers Participating in Fishing or Hunting: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

TOTAL AWAY FROM HOME AROUND THE HOME

# % # % # %

ALL WILDLIFE WATCHERS 5,479 100 2,621 100 5,095 100

Did not fish or hunt 3,883 71 1,710 65 3,650 72

Fished or hunted 1,595 29 912 35 1,445 28

Fished 1,383 25 721 28 1,356 27

Hunted 616 11 410 16 493 10

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
New York // Appendix A: Point Estimates // 18

Table 36 New York Resident Sportspersons Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

SPORTSPERSONS ANGLERS HUNTERS

# % # % # %

ALL SPORTSPERSONS 1,895 100 1,574 100 449 100

Did not watch wildlife 547 29 398 25 125 28

Watched wildlife 1,348 71 1,176 75 324 72

Away from home 834 44 706 45 221 49

Around the home 1,257 66 1,134 72 296 66

NOTE: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 19

APPENDIX B: STANDARD ERRORS

The tables in Appendix B depict the standard errors, subject 

to rounding error, corresponding to the calibrated point 

estimates reported in the tables in Appendix A. Summary 

statistics reported in these calibrated tables are described 

below, by table.

Table 5

Fishing and hunting, participation, days, and trips

• Standard errors of total fishing participation and total 

hunting participation: product-type statistics derived using 

model point estimates and standard errors of percent 

participation in the population and survey point estimates 

and standard errors of total population based on adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR weights.

• Standard errors of total freshwater, freshwater except Great 

Lakes, Great Lakes, and saltwater fishing participation, 

total big game, small game, migratory birds, and other 

animals hunting participation: product-type statistics 

derived using point estimates and standard errors of 

total fishing participation, point estimates and standard 

errors of total hunting participation, point estimates and 

standard errors of percent participation of freshwater, 

freshwater except Great Lakes, Great Lakes, and saltwater 

fishing in all fishing, and point estimates and standard 

errors of percent participation of big game, small game, 

migratory birds, and other animals hunting in all hunting 

(columns denoted by %).

• Standard errors of total fishing (all and subcategories) 

days/trips of participation and total hunting (all and 

subcategories) days/trips of participation: product-type 

statistics derived using point estimates and standard 

errors of total number of fishing (all and subcategories) 

participants, point estimates and standard errors of total 

number of hunting (all and subcategories) participants, 

and point estimates and standard errors of days/trips 

per participant (not displayed).

• Standard errors of percent participation (columns denoted 

by %): statistics constructed using full adjusted 50-State 

Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, using data 

from the fishing or hunting survey for the fishing and 

hunting sections, respectively.

Table 15

Fishing and hunting, demographics

• Standard errors of total population (all and subcategories): 

composite statistics constructed using 2-way composite 

factors to adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final and 

replicate weights, using data from both the fishing and 

the hunting surveys.

• Standard errors of total number of anglers and total 

number of hunters: product-type statistics derived using 

model point estimates and standard errors for percent 

participation in the population (columns denoted by 

% Pop.) and survey point estimates and standard errors 

of total population based on adjusted 50-State Survey 

of FHWAR final and replicate weights.

• Standard errors of total number of sportspersons: ratio-type 

statistics derived using point estimates and standard errors 

of total number of anglers and point estimates and standard 

errors of percent anglers in sportspersons (not displayed).

• Standard errors of total population, sportspersons, anglers, 

hunters, by demographics: product-type statistics, derived 

using point estimates and standard errors of total population, 

sportspersons, anglers, hunters participation, and point 

estimates and standard errors of percent demographicspecific participation in total participation (columns 

denoted by %).
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 20

• Standard errors of percent demographic-specific population, 

sportspersons, anglers, hunters participation in total 

participation (columns denoted by %): composite statistics 

constructed using 2-way composite factors to adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, 

using data from the fishing and hunting surveys.

• Standard errors of percent demographic-specific anglers 

and hunters participation in the total demographic-specific 

population (columns denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type 

statistics, derived using point estimates and standard 

errors of total demographic-specific anglers and hunters 

participation and total demographic-specific population.

• Standard errors of percent total and demographicspecific sportspersons participation in the total and 

demographic-specif­ic population (column denoted 

by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived using point 

estimates and standard errors of total population 

and sportspersons participation.

Table 22

Fishing and hunting, spenders and expenses

• Standard errors of total fishing and hunting expenditure 

(all and subcategories) amount, total fishing expenditure 

(all and subcategories) amount, total hunting expenditure 

(all and subcategories) amount, and total unspecified 

expenditure amount: product-type statistics derived 

using point estimates and standard errors of expenditure 

amount per participant (columns denoted by Average Per 

Sportsperson), and point estimates and standard errors 

of total sportspersons participation (all and subcategories), 

point estimates and standard errors of total anglers 

participation (all and subcategories), point estimates and 

standard errors of total hunters participation (all and 

subcategories) and point estimates and standard errors 

of total sportspersons participation, respectively.

• Standard errors of expenditure amount per participant 

(columns denoted by Average Per Sportsperson) and 

expenditure amount per spender (columns denoted by 

Average Per Spender):

> Fishing section: statistics constructed using full adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, 

using data from the fishing survey only.

> Hunting section: statistics constructed using full adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, 

using data from the hunting survey only.

> Fishing and hunting, and unspecified sections: except 

for some expenses and spenders noted in the table 

footnotes, these are composite statistics constructed 

using 2-way composite factors to adjusted 50-State 

Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, using 

data from the fishing and hunting surveys.

• Standard errors of total fishing and hunting (all and 

subcategories) number of spenders, total fishing (all and 

subcategories) number of spenders, total hunting (all and 

subcategories) number of spenders, and total unspecified 

number of spenders: product-type statistics derived using 

the point estimates and standard errors of percent spenders 

in total participation (not displayed), and point estimates 

and standard errors of total sportspersons participation 

(all and subcategories), point estimates and standard errors 

of total anglers participation (all and subcategories), point 

estimates and standard errors of total hunters participation 

(all and subcategories) and point estimates and standard 

errors of total sportspersons participation, respectively.

Table 28

Wildlife watching, participation, days, and trips

• Standard errors of total wildlife watching participation: 

product-type statistics derived using model point estimates 

and standard errors of percent participation in the population, 

and survey point estimates and standard errors of total 

population based on adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR final and replicate weights.

• Standard errors of total away from home (all and subcategories) and around the home (all and subcategories) 

wildlife watching participation: product-type statistics 

derived using point estimates and standard errors of 

total wildlife watching participation, point estimates and 

standard errors of percent participation of away from home 

(all and subcategories) and point estimates and standard 

errors of around the home (all and subcategories) wildlife 

watching in all wildlife watching (columns denoted by %).
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 21

• Standard errors of total wildlife watching (all and subcategories) days/trips of participation: product-type 

statistics derived using point estimates and standard errors 

of total number of wildlife watching (all and subcategories) 

participants and point estimates and standard errors of 

days/trips per participant (not displayed).

• Standard errors of percent participation (columns denoted 

by %): statistics constructed using full adjusted 50-State 

Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, using data 

from the wildlife watching survey.

• Standard errors of percent participation in the total 

population (column denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type 

statistics, derived using point estimates and standard 

errors of total population from Table 30 and point estimates 

and standard errors of wildlife watching participation.

Table 30

Wildlife watching, demographics

• Standard errors of total population (all and subcategories): 

composite statistics constructed using full adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, 

using data from the wildlife watching survey. Note that the 

standard errors of total population estimates in Tables 15 

and 30 differ due to demographic harmonization without 

state targets estimated from the National Survey of FHWAR 

(information not available); see Rockville Institute (2020) 

for more details about the demographic harmonization.

• Standard errors of total number of wildlife watchers: 

product-type statistics derived using model point 

estimates and standard errors of percent participation in 

the population (columns denoted by % Pop.) and survey 

standard error of total population based on adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights.

• Standard errors of total number of away from home or 

around the home wildlife watchers: product-type statistics 

derived using point estimates and standard errors of 

total number of wildlife watchers and point estimates and 

standard errors of percent away from home or around the 

home wildlife watchers in all wildlife watchers (columns 

denoted by % Pop. in Table 35).

• Standard errors of total population, wildlife watchers, 

away from home, around the home, by demographics: 

product-type statistics, derived using point estimates 

and standard errors of total population, wildlife watchers, 

away from home, around the home participation and point 

estimates and standard errors of percent demographicspecific participation in total participation (columns 

denoted by %).

• Standard errors of percent demographic-specific population, 

wildlife watchers, away from home, around the home 

participation in total participation (columns denoted 

by %): composite statistics constructed using full adjusted 

50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, 

using data from the wildlife watching survey.

• Standard errors of percent demographic-specific wildlife 

watchers in the total demographic-specific population 

(column denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived 

using point estimates and standard errors of total 

demographic-specific wildlife watchers participation 

and point estimates and standard errors of total 

demographic-specific population.

• Standard errors of percent total and demographic-specific 

away from home and around the home participation in 

the total and demographic-specif­ic population (columns 

denoted by % Pop.): ratio-type statistics, derived using point 

estimates and standard errors of total population and away 

from home and around the home participation, respectively.

Table 33

Wildlife watching, spenders and expenditures — three 

versions for all wildlife watchers, away from home wildlife 

watchers, and around the home wildlife watchers

• Standard errors of total wildlife watching expenditure (all 

and subcategories) amount: product-type statistics derived 

using point estimates and standard errors of total number 

of wildlife watching (all and subcategories) participants 

and point estimates and standard errors of expenditure 

amount per participant (columns denoted by Average 

Per Wildlife Watcher).
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 22

• Standard errors or expenditure amount per participant 

(columns denoted by Average Per Wildlife Watcher) 

and expenditure amount per spender (columns denoted 

by Average Per Spender): statistics constructed using 

full adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate 

weights, using data from the wildlife watching 

survey only.

• Standard errors of total wildlife watching (all and 

subcategories) number of spenders: product-type 

statistics derived using point estimates and standard 

errors of total number of wildlife watching (all and 

subcategories) participants and point estimates and 

standard errors of the percent spenders in total 

participation (columns denoted by Percent of 

Wildlife Watchers).

• Standard errors of percent spenders in total participation 

(columns denoted by Percent of Wildlife Watchers): 

statistics constructed using full adjusted 50-State Survey 

of FHWAR final and replicate weights, using data from 

the wildlife watching survey only.

Table 35

Wildlife watchers participating in fishing and hunting

• Standard errors of total number of wildlife watchers: 

product-type statistics derived using model point estimates 

and standard errors of percent participation in the population 

(columns denoted by % Pop. in Table 30) and survey point 

estimates and standard errors of total population based 

on adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR final and replicate 

weights (displayed in Table 30).

• Standard errors of total number of away from home or 

around the home wildlife watchers: product-type statistics 

derived using point estimates and standard errors of total 

number of wildlife watchers and point estimates and 

standard errors of percent away from home or around 

the home wildlife watchers in all wildlife watchers 

(columns not displayed).

• Standard errors of total number of wildlife watchers, 

away from home, around the home who did not fish 

or hunt, fished or hunted, fished, hunted: product-type 

statistics, derived using point estimates and standard 

errors of total number of wildlife watchers and point 

estimates and standard errors of percent sportspersonspecific category in the corresponding total participation 

(columns denoted by %).

• Standard errors or percent sportsperson-specific category 

in the corresponding total participation (columns denoted 

by %): statistics constructed using full adjusted 50-State 

Survey of FHWAR final and replicate weights, using data 

from the wildlife watching survey.

Table 36

Sportspersons participating in wildlife watching

• Standard errors of total number of sportspersons: ratio-type 

statistics derived using point estimates and standard errors 

of total number of anglers and point estimates and standard 

errors of percent anglers in sportspersons (not displayed).

• Standard errors of total number of anglers or total number 

of hunters: product-type statistics derived using model 

point estimates and standard errors of percent participation 

in the population (columns denoted by % Pop. in Table 15) 

and survey point estimates and standard errors of total 

population based on adjusted 50-State Survey of FHWAR 

weights (displayed in Table 15).

• Standard errors of total number of sportspersons, anglers, 

or hunters who did not wildlife watch, wildlife watch, 

wildlife watch away from home, wildlife watch around the 

home: product-type statistics, derived using point estimates 

and standard errors of total number of sportspersons, 

anglers, or hunters and point estimates and standard 

errors of percent wildlife watcher-specific category in the 

corresponding total participation (columns denoted by %).

• Standard errors of percent wildlife watcher-specific 

category in the corresponding total participation (columns 

denoted by %): composite statistics constructed using 

3-way composite factors to adjusted 50-State Survey of 

FHWAR final and replicate weights, using data from the 

fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching surveys.
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 23

Table 5 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation and Trips in the United States, 

by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2016 

(Population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

 PARTICIPANTS DAYS OF PARTICIPATION TRIPS

# % # % # %

ALL FISHING 363.07 0.00 7,660.32 0.00 4,599.29 0.00

All freshwater 312.75 13.18 6,762.82 16.34 2,253.10 17.07

Freshwater, except Great Lakes 308.34 13.49 5,639.18 13.44 1,575.31 12.09

Great Lakes 229.57 13.67 1,927.76 5.73 1,340.54 7.30

Saltwater 294.08 14.93 4,954.80 16.34 4,471.69 17.07

ALL HUNTING 155.99 0.00 3,793.08 0.00 4,503.55 0.00

Big game 154.15 1.03 3,425.46 5.58 3,931.26 15.29

Small game 61.97 11.73 811.39 8.45 647.31 8.95

Migratory birds 22.46 4.51 428.26 4.89 408.82 5.50

Other animals 52.19 10.80 306.24 3.62 269.84 3.84
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 24

Table 15 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Anglers and Hunters, by Selected Characteristics: 2016

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

POPULATION SPORTSPERSONS ANGLERS HUNTERS

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

TOTAL 570.30 0.00 455.45 2.85 0.00 363.07 2.23 0.00 155.99 0.96 0.00

RESIDENCE DENSITY

Urban 649.21 2.50 374.06 2.69 7.89 322.09 2.31 9.18 110.24 0.78 13.37

Rural 407.61 2.50 182.53 10.30 7.89 158.48 8.59 9.18 83.19 4.55 13.37

RESIDENCE SIZE

Metropolitan Statistical 

Area (MSA)

538.21 1.43 447.30 2.87 0.92 355.74 2.29 1.13 152.20 0.97 1.74

1,000,000 or more 810.84 3.92 290.44 2.40 9.21 261.32 2.15 11.33 70.92 0.58 11.31

250,000 to 999,999 468.55 2.96 213.90 13.46 9.91 208.30 13.12 11.75 80.56 4.81 15.66

50,000 to 249,999 357.39 2.24 164.41 12.60 7.13 120.99 8.80 7.04 75.53 5.52 12.71

Outside MSA 233.88 1.43 18.91 7.01 0.92 18.92 6.83 1.13 8.34 2.68 1.74

SEX

Male 818.26 4.80 304.35 4.09 7.14 252.91 3.39 8.93 112.64 1.47 10.19

Female 822.08 4.80 223.44 2.89 7.14 203.17 2.62 8.93 67.32 0.85 10.19

AGE

16 to 17 years 144.62 0.91 50.81 19.34 2.54 28.22 10.41 1.73 22.77 8.31 4.67

18 to 24 years 784.88 4.74 81.24 3.08 4.13 57.39 2.08 3.66 28.65 1.05 6.26

25 to 34 years 496.54 3.04 183.51 9.22 8.51 179.26 8.93 10.28 52.97 2.52 10.76

35 to 44 years 550.62 3.47 211.20 11.15 9.55 197.16 10.52 10.72 71.59 3.57 13.48

45 to 54 years 514.89 3.33 96.19 3.13 3.95 72.59 2.35 3.80 29.41 0.91 5.56

55 to 64 years 800.47 4.82 66.79 3.14 2.78 61.56 2.79 3.34 13.05 0.55 2.34

65 years and older 334.54 2.15 146.15 6.14 6.37 128.07 5.34 7.07 61.00 2.49 11.68

65 to 74 years 205.14 1.34 72.08 5.47 3.21 72.61 5.49 4.03 11.08 0.82 2.21

75 and older 297.30 1.84 118.71 11.60 5.95 102.66 9.73 6.41 57.86 5.59 11.74

ETHNICITY

Hispanic 1,174.28 6.54 39.51 0.86 2.02 40.98 0.89 2.53 6.86 0.14 1.54

Non-Hispanic 828.87 6.54 443.57 4.12 2.02 351.89 3.28 2.53 153.88 1.40 1.54

RACE

White 832.37 4.28 412.76 3.30 6.52 340.96 2.73 7.12 139.69 1.10 7.64

African American 501.05 3.09 105.50 8.11 5.55 109.16 8.39 6.91 — — —

All Others 526.88 3.27 77.89 4.84 3.82 36.10 2.19 2.19 37.93 2.29 7.64

(continued on next page)
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 25

Table 15 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Anglers and Hunters, by Selected Characteristics: 2016 (continued) 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

(continued from previous page)

POPULATION SPORTSPERSONS ANGLERS HUNTERS

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

ANNUAL 

HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Less than $20,000 413.55 2.56 45.48 3.79 2.15 43.13 3.50 2.55 15.40 1.19 3.19

$20,000 to $29,999 352.84 2.20 25.52 2.02 1.27 26.56 2.10 1.60 9.23 0.71 1.99

$30,000 to $39,999 231.56 1.45 45.66 10.54 2.12 33.88 7.30 2.01 19.22 4.01 3.76

$40,000 to $49,999 334.59 2.12 6.65 1.07 0.34 5.51 0.83 0.35 3.32 0.53 0.71

$50,000 to $74,999 662.87 4.21 208.20 8.34 9.23 198.11 7.85 10.97 55.08 2.04 11.20

$75,000 to $99,999 320.86 2.10 103.51 8.22 4.86 101.95 8.01 5.92 13.58 1.04 2.63

$100,000 to $149, 999 721.69 4.59 154.92 6.87 7.55 91.32 3.93 5.56 71.97 3.08 14.51

$150,000 or more 383.84 2.40 148.88 9.72 7.06 150.57 9.79 8.74 17.03 1.05 3.61

Not reported 1,139.82 6.55 179.89 5.90 8.68 169.59 5.39 10.20 84.26 2.69 16.03

EDUCATION

8 years or less 830.94 5.12 15.34 2.16 0.80 15.96 2.23 1.00 7.21 0.95 1.59

9 to 12 years 641.28 4.29 172.34 4.12 6.82 128.72 3.04 6.78 72.77 1.69 11.22

1 to 3 years of college 1,017.25 6.19 197.38 4.52 7.51 172.18 3.81 9.08 70.79 1.50 11.90

4 years or more 

of college

651.39 4.14 245.39 4.76 8.34 232.02 4.52 9.49 73.43 1.36 13.18

— No sample data 

NOTE: Percent population (% Pop.) columns show the percentage of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percentage of the population living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Columns labeled “%”under Sportspersons, Anglers, and Hunters show the percentage of each column’s participants who are described 

by the row heading (the percentage of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 26

Table 22 SE Standard Errors of Expenditures by New York Residents for Fishing and Hunting Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

SPORTSPERSON

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF

SPENDERS

(thousands)

FISHING AND HUNTING 3,312,311.61 1,497.48 1,516.62 501.07

Food and lodging 496,009.15 232.93 286.99 432.70

Transportation 157,983.36 67.63 85.48 422.26

Other trip costs 2 360,171.08 165.25 247.26 379.94

Equipment (fishing, hunting) 310,674.31 127.50 162.47 392.66

Auxiliary equipment 3 90,618.61 36.24 70.03 335.63

Special equipment 4 2,236,495.66 1,114.20 4,643.57 169.99

Magazines, books, and DVDs 10,141.84 4.80 50.22 92.53

Membership dues/contributions 14,467.74 6.81 29.26 177.50

Other 5 269,933.64 129.75 240.48 370.76

FISHING 1,051,535.18 537.93 551.46 353.05

Food and lodging 464,050.96 272.90 317.85 322.11

Transportation 85,620.30 43.38 50.11 325.37

Other trip costs 2 234,884.47 127.94 147.91 321.85

Fishing equipment 137,067.40 71.03 76.68 343.47

Auxiliary equipment 3 26,878.56 14.69 57.12 248.33

Special equipment 4 519,064.41 327.05 2,547.55 230.79

Magazines, books, and DVDs 4,019.49 2.42 23.85 30.95

Membership dues/contributions 12,224.87 7.59 32.59 151.96

Other 5 108,448.96 68.23 173.94 277.08

HUNTING 593,238.46 1,128.19 1,164.59 153.16

Food and lodging 64,451.52 122.39 183.10 132.50

Transportation 59,492.29 119.40 209.09 126.35

Other trip costs 2 122,662.39 268.10 1,255.48 45.48

Hunting equipment 141,128.90 269.92 323.08 132.82

Auxiliary equipment 3 24,829.68 46.45 65.24 81.45

Special equipment 4 204,131.86 459.01 18,553.31 9.60

Magazines, books, and DVDs 4,435.10 9.45 79.06 45.18

Membership dues/contributions 3,997.36 8.13 48.84 25.45

Other 5 131,768.06 267.07 286.07 149.19

UNSPECIFIED 6 2,069,519.16 1,059.24 4,290.87 172.62

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).

3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair 

of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.

4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing, including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, 

pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.

5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, permits, and plantings (for hunting only).

6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 27

Table 28 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Wildlife Watchers Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

 PARTICIPANTS

DAYS OF 

PARTICIPATION TRIPS

# %

% 

Pop. # % # %

WILDLIFE WATCHERS 495.78 0.00 2.80 113,567.08 0.00 6,729.42 0.00

Away from home 455.82 7.13 2.99 23,734.00 2.56 7,616.46 0.00

Observe wildlife 369.68 5.79 2.43 20,241.80 2.80 x x

Photograph wildlife 385.64 6.61 2.49 19,049.19 3.24 x x

Feed wildlife 273.06 4.77 1.76 19,882.02 3.20 x x

Around the home 500.83 3.58 3.48 95,930.61 2.56 x x

Observe wildlife 473.66 7.29 3.12 95,524.88 4.47 x x

Photograph wildlife 426.00 6.69 2.80 12,437.59 2.54 x x

Feed wildlife 464.21 6.19 3.11 x x x x

Visit parks or natural areas 1 325.65 5.04 2.14 13,094.77 3.02 x x

Maintain plantings or natural areas 191.29 3.18 1.24 x x x x

x Not applicable 

1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.

NOTE: Percent population (% Pop.) columns show the percentage of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percentage of the 

population who observed wildlife away from home, etc.). Columns labeled “%” show the percentage of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the 

percentage of wildlife watchers who observed wildlife away from home, etc.).
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 28

Table 30 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Wildlife Watchers, by Selected Characteristics: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

POPULATION TOTAL AWAY FROM HOME AROUND THE HOME

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

TOTAL 663.94 0.00 495.78 2.80 0.00 455.80 2.99 0.00 500.84 3.48 0.00

RESIDENCE DENSITY

Urban 798.11 2.89 485.51 3.93 4.52 437.80 3.27 2.30 483.21 3.84 4.82

Rural 449.39 2.89 258.34 21.65 4.52 63.25 4.47 2.30 258.73 21.67 4.82

RESIDENCE SIZE

Metropolitan Statistical 

Area (MSA)

759.90 2.35 503.75 3.78 3.78 455.80 3.17 0.00 505.43 3.73 4.06

1,000,000 or more 882.35 3.97 478.80 4.53 5.25 429.33 3.71 3.56 475.36 4.40 5.66

250,000 to 999.999 424.10 2.73 142.85 11.80 2.53 44.10 3.07 1.66 143.48 11.83 2.72

50,000 to 249,999 237.54 1.52 131.62 17.70 2.30 81.49 9.27 2.99 133.79 17.88 2.49

Outside MSA 367.80 2.35 209.10 41.28 3.78 — — — 209.41 41.31 4.06

SEX

Male 820.89 5.23 480.74 9.12 7.50 312.89 5.37 8.72 493.13 8.86 8.54

Female 964.77 5.23 476.24 6.06 7.50 327.78 3.92 8.72 507.27 6.35 8.54

AGE

16 to 17 years 199.83 1.27 49.50 24.63 0.90 — — — 49.59 24.66 0.97

18 to 24 years 342.67 2.14 164.17 22.78 2.96 113.31 14.06 4.25 165.85 22.93 3.20

25 to 34 years 620.77 4.16 326.60 12.48 5.60 269.08 8.80 9.80 326.13 12.05 6.03

35 to 44 years 811.30 4.89 267.54 10.88 4.68 243.04 8.81 8.62 242.22 9.58 4.56

45 to 54 years 474.52 3.00 256.69 17.94 4.48 231.29 14.60 8.05 242.60 16.32 4.56

55 to 64 years 453.66 2.94 236.35 10.82 3.99 114.31 4.59 4.01 237.19 10.85 4.25

65 years and older 530.54 3.25 259.75 8.79 4.43 214.84 6.57 7.60 266.32 8.96 4.84

65 to 74 years 359.01 2.24 85.40 7.77 1.48 77.72 6.13 2.74 90.10 8.01 1.67

75 and older 458.92 2.90 244.84 14.86 4.31 202.61 10.73 7.55 245.21 14.88 4.61

ETHNICITY

Hispanic 926.33 5.54 256.60 9.42 4.60 217.24 7.46 8.01 256.74 9.42 4.93

Non-Hispanic 812.57 5.54 508.34 4.84 4.60 440.60 3.74 8.01 508.28 4.73 4.93

RACE

White 1,021.57 5.94 546.75 5.49 7.23 442.05 3.95 11.50 524.32 5.21 7.10

African American 545.87 3.40 277.17 27.70 4.96 152.25 12.52 5.74 281.27 27.92 5.40

All Others 780.44 4.96 278.15 14.60 4.99 243.95 12.60 8.73 249.62 12.99 4.80

(continued on next page)
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 29

Table 30 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Wildlife Watchers, by Selected Characteristics: 2016 (continued) 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

(continued from previous page)

POPULATION TOTAL AWAY FROM HOME AROUND THE HOME

Total % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. % Total

% 

Pop. %

ANNUAL 

HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Less than $20,000 548.52 3.51 280.65 24.68 5.04 226.73 17.56 8.47 282.40 24.78 5.43

$20,000 to $29,999 481.33 3.08 223.46 20.40 4.01 206.28 16.59 7.74 222.64 19.87 4.30

$30,000 to $39,999 415.95 2.65 120.49 16.24 2.15 92.13 10.64 3.41 120.53 16.24 2.30

$40,000 to $49,999 136.64 0.88 59.28 18.50 1.06 50.83 14.88 1.86 59.42 18.53 1.14

$50,000 to $74,999 378.46 2.50 171.31 11.63 2.99 77.49 4.56 2.88 172.43 11.69 3.22

$75,000 to $99,999 664.30 4.33 357.63 24.22 6.37 102.67 6.61 3.66 349.94 23.93 6.67

$100,000 to $149, 999 654.65 4.21 298.19 14.21 5.22 223.20 9.42 7.98 240.33 11.15 4.52

$150,000 or more 731.35 4.56 372.06 18.54 6.58 370.89 16.65 13.36 318.70 16.23 5.99

Not reported 872.46 5.27 179.94 9.67 3.25 69.52 3.35 2.62 181.66 9.73 3.52

EDUCATION

8 years or less 301.03 1.91 105.17 30.10 1.92 — — — 105.39 30.14 2.06

9 to 12 years 971.87 5.80 402.00 10.39 6.88 325.34 7.40 11.34 387.60 9.85 7.10

1 to 3 years of college 856.39 5.52 391.83 11.24 6.94 144.13 4.09 4.90 382.48 11.04 7.22

4 years or more 

of college

888.28 5.62 440.87 9.27 6.78 384.48 6.93 11.48 401.45 8.41 6.42

— No sample data 

NOTE: Percent population (% Pop.) columns show the percentage of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percentage of the 

population living in urban areas who participated, etc.). Columns labeled “%”under TOTAL, Away From Home, and Around the Home show the percentage of each column’s 

participants who are described by the row heading (the percentage of those who lived in urban areas, etc.).
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 30

Table 33A SE Standard Errors of Expenditures by New York Residents for All Wildlife Watching Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHER

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF 

SPENDERS

(thousands)

PERCENT OF 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHERS

ALL EXPENDITURES 1,607,570.65 275.00 330.51 526.64 6.31

TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES 677,118.08 115.47 254.60 398.52 6.34

Food and lodging 486,402.29 84.86 229.60 365.07 6.00

Food 260,353.21 44.86 102.25 361.64 5.96

Lodging 284,570.17 50.97 295.64 238.30 4.15

Transportation 211,838.74 36.15 81.92 396.42 6.36

Other trip costs 2 107,864.44 19.36 110.43 268.45 4.64

EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES 1,210,415.44 213.50 294.04 458.64 5.45

Wildlife-watching equipment 275,054.74 45.69 65.60 442.06 5.63

Binoculars, spotting scopes 91,312.97 16.47 128.25 240.83 4.26

Film and photo processing 16,050.98 2.89 50.89 221.31 4.00

Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and 

other photographic equipment, including 

memory cards

109,422.98 19.59 64.61 312.58 5.51

Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing 60,198.07 10.67 48.15 249.83 4.35

Bird food 83,791.57 14.15 24.60 437.55 6.85

Food for other wildlife 34,518.14 6.14 30.65 384.04 6.80

Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, 

and bird baths

46,679.43 8.04 18.82 407.95 6.83

Other equipment (including field guides) 7,430.67 1.34 19.53 148.98 2.66

Auxiliary equipment 3 68,661.08 12.29 72.11 288.87 5.14

Special equipment 4 410,549.95 74.01 1,364.82 138.62 2.50

Magazines, books, and DVDs 23,190.90 4.20 39.87 152.72 2.66

Membership dues and contributions 53,365.64 9.48 41.94 214.07 3.57

Land leasing and ownership 777,932.86 141.54 6,853.68 142.49 2.59

Plantings 69,819.92 12.56 108.08 155.21 2.69

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.

3 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.

4 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, 

recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 31

Table 33B SE Standard Errors of Expenditures by New York Residents for Away-from-home Wildlife Watching 

Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHER

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF 

SPENDERS

(thousands)

PERCENT OF 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHERS

ALL EXPENDITURES 2,553,708.65 930.13 953.48 449.65 2.60

TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES 756,043.78 218.69 221.70 449.65 2.60

Food and lodging 545,715.68 171.10 177.01 459.95 9.37

Food 360,506.99 115.43 116.72 459.95 9.37

Lodging 298,671.27 106.36 192.14 451.43 15.44

Transportation 246,202.28 70.35 72.77 437.87 5.50

Other trip costs 2 56,905.66 21.14 53.48 387.99 14.07

EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES 2,045,416.61 779.52 2,787.16 316.27 11.27

Wildlife-watching equipment 170,965.10 65.23 314.82 257.11 9.33

Binoculars, spotting scopes 52,361.88 20.02 0.00 149.60 5.72

Film and photo processing — — — — —

Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and 

other photographic equipment, including 

memory cards

— — — — —

Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing 76,385.58 29.15 305.03 168.87 6.40

Bird food 3,356.00 1.27 5.81 175.66 6.61

Food for other wildlife 1,078.58 0.41 3.74 96.73 3.66

Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, 

and bird baths

36,239.32 13.81 136.99 179.22 6.77

Other equipment (including field guides) 3,153.29 1.20 0.00 157.68 5.98

Auxiliary equipment 3 23,936.83 9.15 0.00 149.60 5.72

Special equipment 4 — — — — —

Magazines, books, and DVDs 3,348.83 1.28 0.00 133.95 5.12

Membership dues and contributions 18,746.35 7.11 55.77 165.32 6.20

Land leasing and ownership 2,009,334.71 767.89 0.00 133.95 5.12

Plantings — — — — —

— No sample data 

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.

3 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.

4 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, 

recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 32

Table 33C SE Standard Errors of Expenditures by New York Residents for Around-the-home Wildlife Watching 

Both In and Out of New York: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

AMOUNT

(thousands of $)

AVERAGE PER 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHER

($) 1

AVERAGE PER 

SPENDER

($) 1

NUMBER OF 

SPENDERS

(thousands)

PERCENT OF 

WILDLIFE 

WATCHERS

ALL EXPENDITURES 638,896.76 121.77 177.43 602.15 10.06

TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES x x x x x

Food and lodging x x x x x

Food x x x x x

Lodging x x x x x

Transportation x x x x x

Other trip costs 2 x x x x x

EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES 638,896.76 121.77 177.43 602.15 10.06

Wildlife-watching equipment 186,329.43 33.87 39.05 595.60 10.11

Binoculars, spotting scopes 20,584.39 3.99 30.00 138.59 2.68

Film and photo processing 22,052.86 4.30 20.86 142.17 2.78

Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and 

other photographic equipment, including 

memory cards

142,321.09 27.79 157.58 323.16 6.27

Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing 40,484.24 7.89 75.19 164.46 3.18

Bird food 105,453.17 20.11 26.79 631.91 11.86

Food for other wildlife 30,001.82 5.88 27.44 606.40 11.87

Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, 

and bird baths

46,137.53 8.93 14.27 607.18 11.56

Other equipment (including field guides) 1,815.79 0.36 0.00 181.58 3.56

Auxiliary equipment 3 13,745.29 2.68 28.49 189.58 3.70

Special equipment 4 572,012.70 111.62 2,970.66 194.68 3.80

Magazines, books, and DVDs 5,303.58 1.03 8.92 105.08 2.04

Membership dues and contributions 19,751.16 3.80 23.64 159.44 3.05

Land leasing and ownership — — — — —

Plantings 9,119.87 1.76 26.87 132.64 2.56

— No sample data x Not applicable 

1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.

2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.

3 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.

4 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, 

recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 33

Table 35 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Wildlife Watchers Participating in Fishing or Hunting: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

TOTAL AWAY FROM HOME AROUND THE HOME

# % # % # %

ALL WILDLIFE WATCHERS 495.78 0.00 455.80 0.00 500.84 0.00

Did not fish or hunt 521.08 7.05 362.34 8.03 517.57 7.36

Fished or hunted 410.92 7.05 260.86 8.03 399.20 7.36

Fished 403.88 7.04 233.57 7.63 398.42 7.40

Hunted 199.64 3.51 168.28 5.90 173.11 3.28
 New York // Appendix B: Standard Errors // 34

Table 36 SE Standard Errors of New York Resident Sportspersons Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2016 

(State population 16 years and older. Numbers in thousands)

SPORTSPERSONS ANGLERS HUNTERS

# % # % # %

ALL SPORTSPERSONS 455.45 0.00 363.07 0.00 155.99 0.00

Did not watch wildlife 184.52 7.04 152.40 7.94 61.37 10.27

Watched wildlife 348.94 7.04 297.27 7.94 120.50 10.27

Away from home 244.87 7.64 212.65 8.92 90.08 11.22

Around the home 330.93 7.35 289.31 8.08 112.46 10.75