IB 

Union Calendar No. 380 

116TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5428 

[Report No. 116–474] 

To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and the 

Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Federal research on grid modernization and security, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

DECEMBER 13, 2019 

Mr. LAMB (for himself and Ms. HERRERA BEUTLER) introduced the following 

bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 

AUGUST 11, 2020 

Additional sponsors: Ms. JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. FITZPATRICK, and Mr. 

MCADAMS

AUGUST 11, 2020 

Reported with an amendment; committed to the Committee of the Whole 

House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on December 13, 2019] 


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A BILL 

To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 

2007 and the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Federal research on grid modernization and security, and 

for other purposes. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 

6 2020’’. 

7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

8 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Smart grid regional demonstration initiative. 

Sec. 3. Smart grid modeling, visualization, architecture, and controls. 

Sec. 4. Enhancing grid resilience and emergency response. 

Sec. 5. Hybrid energy systems. 

Sec. 6. Grid integration research and development. 

Sec. 7. Industry alliance. 

Sec. 8. Coordination of efforts. 

Sec. 9. Definitions. 

Sec. 10. Technical amendments; authorization of appropriations. 

9 SEC. 2. SMART GRID REGIONAL DEMONSTRATION INITIA10 TIVE. 

11 Section 1304 of the Energy Independence and Security 

12 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17384) is amended— 

13 (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘research, de14 velopment, and demonstration’’ before ‘‘program’’; 

15 (2) in subsection (b)— 

16 (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as 

17 follows: 

18 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 

19 a smart grid regional demonstration initiative (re20 ferred to in this subsection as the ‘Initiative’) comVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428

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1 posed of demonstration projects focused on cost-effec2 tive, advanced technologies for use in power grid sens3 ing, communications, analysis, power flow control, 

4 visualization, distribution automation, industrial 

5 control systems, dynamic line rating systems, grid re6 design, and the integration of distributed energy re7 sources.’’; and 

8 (B) in paragraph (2)— 

9 (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking 

10 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 

11 (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking 

12 the period and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

13 (iii) by inserting at the end the fol14 lowing: 

15 ‘‘(F) to encourage the commercial applica16 tion of advanced distribution automation tech17 nologies that improve system resilience.’’. 

18 SEC. 3. SMART GRID MODELING, VISUALIZATION, ARCHI19 TECTURE, AND CONTROLS. 

20 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 

21 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et seq.) is amended by insert22 ing after section 1304 the following: 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 1304a. SMART GRID MODELING, VISUALIZATION, AR2 CHITECTURE, AND CONTROLS. 

3 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

4 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel5 opment Act of 2020, the Secretary shall establish a program 

6 of research, development, demonstration, and commercial 

7 application on electric grid modeling, sensing, visualiza8 tion, architecture development, and advanced operation and 

9 controls. 

10 ‘‘(b) MODELING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—The 

11 Secretary shall support development of models of emerging 

12 technologies and systems to facilitate the secure and reliable 

13 design, planning, and operation of the electric grid for use 

14 by industry stakeholders. In particular, the Secretary shall 

15 support development of— 

16 ‘‘(1) models to analyze and predict the effects of 

17 adverse physical and cyber events on the electric grid; 

18 ‘‘(2) coupled models of electrical, physical, and 

19 cyber systems; 

20 ‘‘(3) models of existing and emerging technologies 

21 being deployed on the electric grid due to projected 

22 changes in the electric generation mix and loads, for 

23 a variety of regional characteristics; and 

24 ‘‘(4) integrated models of the communications, 

25 transmission, distribution, and other interdependent 

26 systems for existing, new, and emerging technologies. 


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1 ‘‘(c) SITUATIONAL AWARENESS RESEARCH AND DE2 VELOPMENT.— 

3 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support 

4 development of computational tools and technologies 

5 to improve sensing, monitoring, and visualization of 

6 the electric grid for real-time situational awareness 

7 and decision support tools that enable improved oper8 ation of the power system, including utility, non-util9 ity, and customer grid-connected assets, for use by in10 dustry partners. 

11 ‘‘(2) DATA USE.—In developing visualization ca12 pabilities under this section, the Secretary shall de13 velop tools for industry stakeholders to use to analyze 

14 data collected from advanced measurement and moni15 toring technologies, including data from phasor meas16 urement units and advanced metering units. 

17 ‘‘(3) SEVERE EVENTS.—The Secretary shall 

18 prioritize enhancing cyber and physical situational 

19 awareness of the electric grid during adverse man20 made and naturally-occurring events. 

21 ‘‘(d) ARCHITECTURE.—The Secretary shall conduct re22 search in collaboration with industry stakeholders to de23 velop model grid architectures to assist with wide-area 

24 transmission and distribution planning that incorporate 

25 expected changes to the modern electric grid. In supporting 


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1 the development of model grid architectures, the Secretary 

2 shall— 

3 ‘‘(1) analyze a variety of grid architecture sce4 narios that range from minor upgrades to existing 

5 transmission grid infrastructure to scenarios that in6 volve the replacement of significant portions of exist7 ing transmission grid infrastructure; 

8 ‘‘(2) analyze the effects of the increasing pro9 liferation of renewable and other zero emissions en10 ergy generation sources, increasing use of distributed 

11 resources owned by non-utility entities, and the use of 

12 digital and automated controls not managed by grid 

13 operators; 

14 ‘‘(3) include a variety of new and emerging dis15 tribution grid technologies, including distributed en16 ergy resources, electric vehicle charging stations, dis17 tribution automation technologies, energy storage, and 

18 renewable energy sources; 

19 ‘‘(4) analyze the effects of local load balancing 

20 and other forms of decentralized control; 

21 ‘‘(5) analyze the effects of changes to grid archi22 tectures resulting from modernizing electric grid sys23 tems, including communications, controls, markets, 

24 consumer choice, emergency response, electrification, 

25 and cybersecurity concerns; and 


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1 ‘‘(6) develop integrated grid architectures that 

2 incorporate system resilience for cyber, physical, and 

3 communications systems. 

4 ‘‘(e) OPERATION AND CONTROLS RESEARCH AND DE5 VELOPMENT.—The Secretary shall conduct research to de6 velop improvements to the operation and controls of the 

7 electric grid, in coordination with industry partners. Such 

8 activities shall include— 

9 ‘‘(1) a training facility or facilities to allow grid 

10 operators to gain operational experience with ad11 vanced grid control concepts and technologies; 

12 ‘‘(2) development of cost-effective advanced oper13 ation and control concepts and technologies, such as 

14 adaptive islanding, dynamic line rating systems, 

15 power flow controllers, network topology optimization, 

16 smart circuit breakers, intelligent load shedding, and 

17 fault-tolerant control system architectures; 

18 ‘‘(3) development of real-time control concepts 

19 using artificial intelligence and machine learning for 

20 improved electric grid resilience; and 

21 ‘‘(4) utilization of advanced data analytics in22 cluding load forecasting, power flow modeling, equip23 ment failure prediction, resource optimization, risk 

24 analysis, and decision analysis. 


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1 ‘‘(f) INTEROPERABILITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP2 MENT.—The Secretary shall conduct research and develop3 ment on tools and technologies that improve the interoper4 ability and compatibility of new and emerging components, 

5 technologies, and systems with existing electric grid infra6 structure. 

7 ‘‘(g) COMPUTING RESOURCES AND DATA COORDINA8 TION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—In carrying out this 

9 section, the Secretary shall— 

10 ‘‘(1) leverage existing computing resources at the 

11 National Laboratories; 

12 ‘‘(2) develop voluntary standards for data 

13 taxonomies and communication protocols in coordi14 nation with public and private sector stakeholders; 

15 and 

16 ‘‘(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod17 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019. 

18 ‘‘(h) INFORMATION SHARING.—None of the activities 

19 authorized in this section shall require private entities to 

20 share information or data with the Secretary.’’. 

21 SEC. 4. ENHANCING GRID RESILIENCE AND EMERGENCY 

22 RESPONSE. 

23 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 

24 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.) is amended by adding 

25 at the end the following: 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 1310. GRID RESILIENCE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE. 

2 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

3 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel4 opment Act of 2019, the Secretary shall establish a research, 

5 development, and demonstration program to enhance resil6 ience and strengthen emergency response and management 

7 pertaining to the electric grid. 

8 ‘‘(b) GRANTS.—The Secretary shall award grants to 

9 eligible entities under subsection (c) on a competitive basis 

10 to conduct research and development with the purpose of 

11 improving the resilience and reliability of electric grid by— 

12 ‘‘(1) developing methods to improve community 

13 and governmental preparation for and emergency re14 sponse to large-area, long-duration electricity inter15 ruptions, including through the use of energy effi16 ciency, storage, and distributed generation tech17 nologies; 

18 ‘‘(2) developing tools to help utilities and com19 munities ensure the continuous delivery of electricity 

20 to critical facilities; 

21 ‘‘(3) developing tools to improve coordination be22 tween utilities and relevant Federal agencies to enable 

23 communication, information-sharing, and situational 

24 awareness in the event of a physical or cyber attack 

25 on the electric grid; 


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1 ‘‘(4) developing technologies and capabilities to 

2 withstand and address the current and projected im3 pact of the changing climate on electric grid infra4 structure, including extreme weather events and other 

5 natural disasters; 

6 ‘‘(5) developing technologies capable of early de7 tection of deteriorating electrical equipment on the 

8 transmission and distribution grid, including detec9 tion of spark ignition from wildfires and risks of 

10 vegetation contact; and 

11 ‘‘(6) assessing upgrades and additions needed to 

12 electric grid infrastructure due to projected changes in 

13 the electricity generation mix and electricity demand. 

14 ‘‘(c) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—The entities eligible to re15 ceive grants under this section include— 

16 ‘‘(1) an institution of higher education; 

17 ‘‘(2) a nonprofit organization; 

18 ‘‘(3) a National Laboratory; 

19 ‘‘(4) a unit of State, local, or tribal government; 

20 ‘‘(5) an electric utility or electric cooperative; 

21 ‘‘(6) a retail service provider of electricity; 

22 ‘‘(7) a private commercial entity; and 

23 ‘‘(8) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more 

24 entities described in subparagraphs (1) through (7). 


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1 ‘‘(d) RELEVANT ACTIVITIES.—Grants awarded under 

2 subsection (b) shall include funding for research and devel3 opment activities related to the purpose described in sub4 section (b), such as— 

5 ‘‘(1) development of technologies to use distrib6 uted energy resources, such as solar photovoltaics, en7 ergy storage systems, electric vehicles, and microgrids 

8 to improve grid and critical end-user resilience; 

9 ‘‘(2) analysis of non-technical barriers to greater 

10 integration and use of technologies on the distribution 

11 grid; 

12 ‘‘(3) analysis of past large-area, long-duration 

13 electricity interruptions to identify common elements 

14 and best practices for electricity restoration, mitiga15 tion, and prevention of future disruptions; 

16 ‘‘(4) development of advanced monitoring, ana17 lytics, operation, and controls of electricity grid sys18 tems to improve electric grid resilience; 

19 ‘‘(5) analysis of technologies, methods, and con20 cepts that can improve community resilience and sur21 vivability of frequent or long-duration power outages; 

22 ‘‘(6) development of methodologies to maintain 

23 cybersecurity during restoration of electric grid infra24 structure and operation; 


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1 ‘‘(7) development of advanced power flow control 

2 systems and components to improve electric grid resil3 ience; and 

4 ‘‘(8) any other relevant activities determined by 

5 the Secretary. 

6 ‘‘(e) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— 

7 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

8 technical assistance to eligible entities for the commer9 cial application of technologies to improve the resil10 ience of the electric grid and commercial application 

11 of technologies to help entities develop plans for pre12 venting and recovering from various power outage 

13 scenarios at the local, regional, and State level. 

14 ‘‘(2) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.—The 

15 technical assistance program established in paragraph 

16 (1) shall include assistance to eligible entities for— 

17 ‘‘(A) the commercial application of tech18 nologies developed from the grant program estab19 lished in subsection (b), including municipal 

20 and cooperative utilities; 

21 ‘‘(B) the development of methods to 

22 strengthen or otherwise mitigate adverse impacts 

23 on electric grid infrastructure against natural 

24 hazards; 


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1 ‘‘(C) the use of Department data and mod2 eling tools for various purposes; and 

3 ‘‘(D) a resource assessment and analysis of 

4 future demand and distribution requirements, 

5 including development of advanced grid architec6 tures and risk analysis. 

7 ‘‘(3) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—The entities eligible 

8 to receive technical assistance for commercial applica9 tion of technologies under this section include— 

10 ‘‘(A) representatives of all sectors of the elec11 tric power industry, including electric utilities, 

12 trade organizations, and transmission and dis13 tribution system organizations, owners, and op14 erators; 

15 ‘‘(B) State and local governments and regu16 latory authorities, including public utility com17 missions; 

18 ‘‘(C) tribal and Alaska Native governmental 

19 entities; 

20 ‘‘(D) partnerships among entities under 

21 subparagraphs (A) through (C); 

22 ‘‘(E) regional partnerships; and 

23 ‘‘(F) any other entities the Secretary deems 

24 appropriate. 


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1 ‘‘(4) AUTHORITY.—Nothing in this section shall 

2 authorize the Secretary to require any entity to adopt 

3 any model, tool, technology, plan, analysis, or assess4 ment. 

5 ‘‘(f) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this section, the 

6 Secretary shall comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod7 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019.’’. 

8 SEC. 5. HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEMS. 

9 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 

10 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.), as amended, is 

11 amended by adding at the end the following: 

12 ‘‘SEC. 1311. HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEMS. 

13 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

14 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel15 opment Act of 2019, the Secretary shall establish a research, 

16 development, and demonstration program to develop cost17 effective hybrid energy systems, including— 

18 ‘‘(1) development of computer modeling to design 

19 different configurations of hybrid energy systems and 

20 to optimize system operation; 

21 ‘‘(2) research on system integration needed to 

22 plan, design, build, and operate hybrid energy sys23 tems, including interconnection requirements with the 

24 electric grid; 


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1 ‘‘(3) development of hybrid energy systems for 

2 various applications, including— 

3 ‘‘(A) thermal energy generation and storage 

4 for buildings and manufacturing; 

5 ‘‘(B) electricity storage coupled with energy 

6 generation; 

7 ‘‘(C) desalination; 

8 ‘‘(D) production of liquid and gaseous fuels; 

9 and 

10 ‘‘(E) production of chemicals such as am11 monia and ethylene; 

12 ‘‘(4) development of testing facilities for hybrid 

13 energy systems; and 

14 ‘‘(5) research on incorporation of various tech15 nologies for hybrid energy systems, including nuclear 

16 energy, renewable energy, storage, and carbon cap17 ture, utilization, and sequestration technologies. 

18 ‘‘(b) STRATEGIC PLAN.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 

20 the date of the enactment of the Grid Modernization 

21 Research and Development Act of 2019, the Secretary 

22 shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 

23 Technology of the House of Representatives and the 

24 Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 

25 Senate a strategic plan that identifies opportunities, 


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1 challenges, and standards needed for the development 

2 and commercial application of hybrid energy systems. 

3 The strategic plan shall include— 

4 ‘‘(A) analysis of the potential benefits of de5 velopment of hybrid electric systems on the elec6 tric grid; 

7 ‘‘(B) analysis of the potential contributions 

8 of hybrid energy systems to different grid archi9 tecture scenarios; 

10 ‘‘(C) research and development goals for 

11 various hybrid energy systems, including those 

12 identified in subsection (b); 

13 ‘‘(D) assessment of policy and market bar14 riers to the adoption of hybrid energy systems; 

15 ‘‘(E) analysis of the technical and economic 

16 feasibility of adoption of different hybrid energy 

17 systems; and 

18 ‘‘(F) a 10-year roadmap to guide the pro19 gram established under subsection (a). 

20 ‘‘(2) UPDATES.—Not less than once every 3 years 

21 for the duration of this research program, the Sec22 retary shall submit an updated version of the stra23 tegic plan to the Committee on Science, Space, and 

24 Technology of the House of Representatives and the 


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1 Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 

2 Senate. 

3 ‘‘(c) PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION.—In carrying out 

4 the research, development, demonstration, and commercial 

5 application aims of section, the Secretary shall— 

6 ‘‘(1) implement the recommendations set forth in 

7 the strategic plan in subsection (b); 

8 ‘‘(2) coordinate across all relevant program of9 fices at the Department, including— 

10 ‘‘(A) the Office of Energy Efficiency and 

11 Renewable Energy; 

12 ‘‘(B) the Office of Nuclear Energy; and 

13 ‘‘(C) the Office of Fossil Energy; 

14 ‘‘(3) leverage existing programs and resources of 

15 the Department; 

16 ‘‘(4) prioritize activities that accelerate the devel17 opment of integrated electricity generation, storage, 

18 and distribution systems with net zero greenhouse gas 

19 emissions; and 

20 ‘‘(5) comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod21 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019. 

22 ‘‘(d) HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM DEFINED.—The term 

23 ‘hybrid energy system’ means a system composed of 2 or 

24 more co-located or jointly operated sub-systems of energy 

25 generation, energy storage, or other energy technologies.’’. 


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1 SEC. 6. GRID INTEGRATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 

2 (a) INTEGRATING DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES

3 ONTO THE ELECTRIC GRID.—Section 925(a) of the Energy 

4 Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16215) is amended— 

5 (1) by redesignating paragraphs (10) and (11) 

6 as paragraphs (12) and (13), respectively; and 

7 (2) by inserting after paragraph (9) the fol8 lowing: 

9 ‘‘(10) the development of cost-effective tech10 nologies that enable two-way information and power 

11 flow between distributed energy resources and the elec12 tric grid; 

13 ‘‘(11) the development of technologies and con14 cepts that enable interoperability between distributed 

15 energy resources and other behind-the-meter devices 

16 and the electric grid;’’. 

17 (b) INTEGRATING RENEWABLE ENERGY ONTO THE

18 ELECTRIC GRID.—Subtitle C of title IX of the Energy Pol19 icy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16231 et seq.) is amended by 

20 adding at the end the following: 

21 ‘‘SEC. 936. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INTO INTE22 GRATING RENEWABLE ENERGY ONTO THE 

23 ELECTRIC GRID. 

24 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

25 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel26 opment Act of 2019, the Secretary shall establish a research, 


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1 development, and demonstration program on technologies 

2 that enable integration of renewable energy generation 

3 sources onto the electric grid across multiple program offices 

4 of the Department. The program shall include— 

5 ‘‘(1) forecasting for predicting generation from 

6 variable renewable energy sources; 

7 ‘‘(2) development of cost-effective low-loss, long8 distance transmission lines; and 

9 ‘‘(3) development of cost-effective advanced tech10 nologies for variable renewable generation sources to 

11 provide grid services. 

12 ‘‘(b) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this program, 

13 the Secretary shall— 

14 ‘‘(1) coordinate across all relevant program of15 fices at the Department to achieve the goals estab16 lished in this section, including the Office of Elec17 tricity; and 

18 ‘‘(2) comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod19 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019. 

20 ‘‘(c) ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGIES.—In carrying out 

21 this section, the Secretary shall consider barriers to adop22 tion and commercial application of technologies that enable 

23 integration of renewable energy sources onto the electric 

24 grid, including cost and other economic barriers, and shall 

25 coordinate with relevant entities to reduce these barriers.’’. 


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1 (c) INTEGRATING ELECTRIC VEHICLES ONTO THE

2 ELECTRIC GRID.—Subtitle B of title I of the Energy Inde3 pendence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17011 et seq.) 

4 is amended by adding at the end the following: 

5 ‘‘SEC. 137. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INTO INTE6 GRATING ELECTRIC VEHICLES ONTO THE 

7 ELECTRIC GRID. 

8 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a re9 search, development, and demonstration program to ad10 vance the integration of electric vehicles, including plug-in 

11 hybrid electric vehicles, onto the electric grid. 

12 ‘‘(b) VEHICLES-TO-GRID INTEGRATION ASSESSMENT

13 REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the enactment of the 

14 Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2019, 

15 the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, 

16 Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and 

17 the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Sen18 ate a report on the results of a study that examines the 

19 research, development, and demonstration opportunities, 

20 challenges, and standards needed for integrating electric ve21 hicles onto the electric grid. 

22 ‘‘(1) REPORT REQUIREMENTS.—The report shall 

23 include— 


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1 ‘‘(A) an evaluation of the use of electric ve2 hicles to maintain the reliability of the electric 

3 grid, including— 

4 ‘‘(i) the use of electric vehicles for de5 mand response, load shaping, emergency 

6 power, and frequency regulation; and 

7 ‘‘(ii) the potential for the reuse of spent 

8 electric vehicle batteries for stationary grid 

9 storage; 

10 ‘‘(B) the impact of grid integration on elec11 tric vehicles, including— 

12 ‘‘(i) the impact of bi-directional elec13 tricity flow on battery degradation; and 

14 ‘‘(ii) the implications of the use of elec15 tric vehicles for grid services on original 

16 equipment manufacturer warranties; 

17 ‘‘(C) the impacts to the electric grid of in18 creased penetration of electric vehicles, includ19 ing— 

20 ‘‘(i) the distribution grid infrastruc21 ture needed to support an increase in charg22 ing capacity; 

23 ‘‘(ii) strategies for integrating electric 

24 vehicles onto the distribution grid while 

25 limiting infrastructure upgrades; 


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1 ‘‘(iii) the changes in electricity demand 

2 over a 24-hour cycle due to electric vehicle 

3 charging behavior; 

4 ‘‘(iv) the load increases expected from 

5 electrifying the transportation sector; 

6 ‘‘(v) the potential for customer incen7 tives and other managed charging stations 

8 strategies to shift charging off-peak; 

9 ‘‘(vi) the technology needed to achieve 

10 bi-directional power flow on the distribution 

11 grid; and 

12 ‘‘(vii) the implementation of smart 

13 charging techniques; 

14 ‘‘(D) research on the standards needed to 

15 integrate electric vehicles with the grid, includ16 ing communications systems, protocols, and 

17 charging stations, in collaboration with the Na18 tional Institute for Standards and Technology; 

19 ‘‘(E) the cybersecurity challenges and needs 

20 associated with electrifying the transportation 

21 sector; and 

22 ‘‘(F) an assessment of the feasibility of 

23 adopting technologies developed under the pro24 gram established under subsection (a) at Depart25 ment facilities. 


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1 ‘‘(2) RECOMMENDATIONS.—As part of the Vehi2 cles-to-Grid Integration Assessment Report, the Sec3 retary shall develop a 10-year roadmap to guide the 

4 research, development, and demonstration program to 

5 integrate electric vehicles onto the electric grid. 

6 ‘‘(3) CONSULTATION.—In developing this report, 

7 the Secretary shall consult with relevant stakeholders, 

8 including— 

9 ‘‘(A) electric vehicle manufacturers; 

10 ‘‘(B) electric utilities; 

11 ‘‘(C) public utility commissions; 

12 ‘‘(D) vehicle battery manufacturers; 

13 ‘‘(E) electric vehicle supply equipment man14 ufacturers; 

15 ‘‘(F) charging infrastructure manufacturers; 

16 ‘‘(G) the National Laboratories; and 

17 ‘‘(H) other Federal agencies, as the Sec18 retary determines appropriate. 

19 ‘‘(4) UPDATES.—The Secretary shall update the 

20 report required under this section every 3 years for 

21 the duration of the program under section (a) and 

22 shall submit the updated report to the Committee on 

23 Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep24 resentatives and the Committee on Energy and Nat25 ural Resources of the Senate. 


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1 ‘‘(c) PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION.—In carrying out 

2 the research, development, demonstration, and commercial 

3 application aims of section, the Secretary shall— 

4 ‘‘(1) implement the recommendations set forth in 

5 the report in subsection (b); 

6 ‘‘(2) coordinate across all relevant program of7 fices at the Department to achieve the goals estab8 lished in this section, including the Office of Elec9 tricity; and 

10 ‘‘(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod11 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019. 

12 ‘‘(d) TESTING CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall co13 ordinate with the National Laboratories to develop testing 

14 capabilities for the evaluation, rapid prototyping, and opti15 mization of technologies enabling integration of electric ve16 hicles onto the electric grid.’’. 

17 (d) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON INTEGRATING

18 BUILDINGS ONTO THE ELECTRIC GRID.—Subtitle B of title 

19 IV of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 

20 (42 U.S.C. 17081 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 

21 the following: 

22 ‘‘SEC. 426. ADVANCED INTEGRATION OF BUILDINGS ONTO 

23 THE ELECTRIC GRID. 

24 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 

25 program of research, development, and demonstration to enVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:39 Aug 11, 2020 Jkt 099200 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H5428.RH H5428

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1 able components of commercial and residential buildings to 

2 serve as dynamic energy loads on and resources for the elec3 tric grid. The program shall focus on— 

4 ‘‘(1) developing low-cost, low power, wireless sen5 sors to— 

6 ‘‘(A) monitor building energy load; 

7 ‘‘(B) forecast building energy need; and 

8 ‘‘(C) enable building-level energy control; 

9 ‘‘(2) developing data management capabilities 

10 and standard communication protocols to further 

11 interoperability at the building and grid-level; 

12 ‘‘(3) developing advanced building-level energy 

13 management of components through integration of 

14 smart technologies, control systems, and data proc15 essing, to enable energy efficiency and savings; 

16 ‘‘(4) optimizing energy consumption at the 

17 building level to enable grid stability and resilience; 

18 ‘‘(5) improving visualization of behind the meter 

19 equipment and technologies to provide better insight 

20 into the energy needs and energy forecasts of indi21 vidual buildings; 

22 ‘‘(6) reducing the cost of key components to ac23 celerate the adoption of smart building technologies; 


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1 ‘‘(7) protecting against cybersecurity threats and 

2 addressing security vulnerabilities of building systems 

3 or equipment; and 

4 ‘‘(8) other areas determined appropriate by the 

5 Secretary. 

6 ‘‘(b) CONSIDERATIONS.—In carrying out the program 

7 under subsection (a), the Secretary shall— 

8 ‘‘(1) work with utility partners, building owners, 

9 technology vendors, and building developers to test 

10 and validate technologies and encourage the commer11 cial application of these technologies by building own12 ers; and 

13 ‘‘(2) consider the specific challenges of enabling 

14 greater interaction between components of— 

15 ‘‘(A) small- and medium-sized buildings 

16 and the electric grid; and 

17 ‘‘(B) residential and commercial buildings 

18 and the electric grid. 

19 ‘‘(c) BUILDINGS-TO-GRID INTEGRATION REPORT.—Not 

20 later than one year after the enactment of the Grid Mod21 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019, the Sec22 retary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 

23 Technology of the House of Representatives and the Com24 mittee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 

25 report on the results of a study that examines the research, 


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1 development, and demonstration opportunities, challenges, 

2 and standards needed to enable components of commercial 

3 and residential buildings to serve as dynamic energy loads 

4 on and resources for the electric grid. 

5 ‘‘(1) REPORT REQUIREMENTS.—The report shall 

6 include— 

7 ‘‘(A) an assessment of the technologies need8 ed to enable building components as dynamic 

9 loads on and resources for the electric grid, in10 cluding how such technologies can be— 

11 ‘‘(i) incorporated into new commercial 

12 and residential buildings; and 

13 ‘‘(ii) retrofitted in older buildings; 

14 ‘‘(B) guidelines for the design of new build15 ings and building components to enable modern 

16 grid interactivity and improve energy efficiency; 

17 ‘‘(C) an assessment of barriers to the adop18 tion by building owners of advanced technologies 

19 enabling greater integration of building compo20 nents onto the electric grid; and 

21 ‘‘(D) an assessment of the feasibility of 

22 adopting technologies developed under the pro23 gram established under subsection (a) at Depart24 ment facilities. 


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1 ‘‘(2) RECOMMENDATIONS.—As part of the report, 

2 the Secretary shall develop a 10-year roadmap to 

3 guide the research, development, and demonstration 

4 program to enable components of commercial and res5 idential buildings to serve as dynamic energy loads 

6 on and resources for the electric grid. 

7 ‘‘(3) UPDATES.—The Secretary shall update the 

8 report required under this section every 3 years for 

9 the duration of the program under subsection (a) and 

10 shall submit the updated report to the Committee on 

11 Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep12 resentatives and the Committee on Energy and Nat13 ural Resources of the Senate. 

14 ‘‘(d) PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION.—In carrying out 

15 this section, the Secretary shall— 

16 ‘‘(1) implement the recommendations from the 

17 report in subsection (c); 

18 ‘‘(2) coordinate across all relevant program of19 fices at the Department to achieve the goals estab20 lished in this section, including the Office of Elec21 tricity; and 

22 ‘‘(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Mod23 ernization Research and Development Act of 2019.’’. 


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1 SEC. 7. INDUSTRY ALLIANCE. 

2 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 

3 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.), as amended, is 

4 amended by adding at the end the following: 

5 ‘‘SEC. 1312. INDUSTRY ALLIANCE. 

6 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

7 enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and Devel8 opment Act of 2019, the Secretary shall establish an advi9 sory committee (to be known as the ‘Industry Alliance’) to 

10 advise the Secretary on the authorization of research, devel11 opment, and demonstration projects under sections 1304 

12 and 1304a. 

13 ‘‘(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Industry Alliance shall be 

14 composed of members selected by the Secretary that, as a 

15 group, are broadly representative of United States electric 

16 grid research, development, infrastructure, operations, and 

17 manufacturing expertise. 

18 ‘‘(c) RESPONSIBILITY.—The Secretary shall annually 

19 solicit from the Industry Alliance— 

20 ‘‘(1) comments to identify grid modernization 

21 technology needs; 

22 ‘‘(2) an assessment of the progress of the research 

23 activities on grid modernization; and 

24 ‘‘(3) assistance in annually updating grid mod25 ernization technology roadmaps.’’. 


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1 SEC. 8. COORDINATION OF EFFORTS. 

2 In carrying out the amendments made by this Act, the 

3 Secretary shall coordinate with relevant entities to the max4 imum extent practicable, including— 

5 (1) electric utilities; 

6 (2) private sector entities; 

7 (3) representatives of all sectors of the electric 

8 power industry; 

9 (4) transmission organizations; 

10 (5) transmission owners and operators; 

11 (6) distribution organizations; 

12 (7) distribution asset owners and operators; 

13 (8) State and local governments and regulatory 

14 authorities; 

15 (9) academic institutions; 

16 (10) the National Laboratories; 

17 (11) other Federal agencies; 

18 (12) nonprofit organizations; 

19 (13) the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; 

20 (14) the North American Reliability Corpora21 tion; 

22 (15) independent system operators; and 

23 (16) programs and program offices at the De24 partment. 


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1 SEC. 9. DEFINITIONS. 

2 Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security 

3 Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.), as amended, is 

4 amended by adding at the end the following: 

5 ‘‘SEC. 1313. DEFINITIONS. 

6 ‘‘In this title, the following definitions apply: 

7 ‘‘(1) CRITICAL FACILITY.—The term ‘critical fa8 cility’ means a manmade structure that the Secretary 

9 determines vital to socioeconomic activities such that, 

10 if destroyed or damaged, such destruction or damage 

11 could cause substantial disruption to such socio12 economic activities. 

13 ‘‘(2) DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION.—The term 

14 ‘distribution automation’ means systems and tech15 nologies that exert intelligent control over electrical 

16 grid functions at the distribution level. 

17 ‘‘(3) RESILIENCE.—The term ‘resilience’ means 

18 the ability to withstand and reduce the magnitude or 

19 duration of disruptive events, which includes the ca20 pability to anticipate, absorb, adapt to, or rapidly re21 cover from such an event, including from deliberate 

22 attacks, accidents, and naturally occurring threats or 

23 incidents.’’. 

24 SEC. 10. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS; AUTHORIZATION OF 

25 APPROPRIATIONS. 

26 (a) TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.— 


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1 (1) ENERGY INDEPENDENCE AND SECURITY ACT

2 OF 2007.—Section 1(b) of the Energy Independence 

3 and Security Act of 2007 is amended in the table of 

4 contents— 

5 (A) by inserting the following after the item 

6 related to section 136: 

‘‘Sec. 137. Research and development into integrating electric vehicles onto the 

electric grid.’’; 

7 (B) by inserting the following after the item 

8 related to section 425: 

‘‘Sec. 426. Advanced integration of buildings onto the electric grid.’’; 

9 (C) by inserting the following after the item 

10 related to section 1304: 

‘‘Sec. 1304a. Smart grid modeling, visualization, architecture, and controls.’’; 

and 

11 (D) by inserting the following after the item 

12 related to section 1309: 

‘‘Sec. 1310. Grid resilience and emergency response. 

‘‘Sec. 1311. Hybrid energy systems. 

‘‘Sec. 1312. Industry Alliance. 

‘‘Sec. 1313. Definitions.’’. 

13 (2) ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 2005.—Section 1(b) 

14 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended in the 

15 table of contents by inserting the following after the 

16 item related to section 935: 

‘‘Sec. 936. Research and development into integrating renewable energy onto the 

electric grid.’’. 

17 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 

18 authorized to be appropriated— 


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1 (1) to carry out sections 7 and 8 and the amend2 ments made by sections 2 and 3 of this Act— 

3 (A) $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 

4 (B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; 

5 (C) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

6 (D) $185,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and 

7 (E) $190,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 

8 (2) to carry out section 5 of this Act— 

9 (A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 

10 (B) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; 

11 (C) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

12 (D) $23,153,000 for fiscal year 2023; and 

13 (E) $24,310,000 for fiscal year 2024; and 

14 (3) to carry out section 6 of this Act— 

15 (A) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; 

16 (B) $52,500,000 for fiscal year 2021; 

17 (C) $55,152,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

18 (D) $57,882,000 for fiscal year 2023; and 

19 (E) $60,775,000 for fiscal year 2024. 


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Union Calendar No. 380 

116TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5428 

[Report No. 116–474] 

A BILL 

To amend the Energy Independence and Security 

and security, and for other purposes. to direct Federal research on grid modernization Act of 2007 and the Energy Policy Act of 2005 

AUGUST 11, 2020 

Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 

State of the Union and ordered to be printed 


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