#### In the Matter of the Probate of the Last Will and Testament of Marta Eva Kuntz, Deceased. Elizabeth Kille, Proponent, Respondent; John P. Kuntz and Others, Contestants, Appellants.

Second Department,

June 26, 1914.

Will—revocation of second will by destruction—first will is not revived—republication necessary — statute construed.

A testatrix who executed a will revoking former wills by destroying the later will in the presence of one of the witnesses to the original will, and by declaring to him alone that she desires the first will to be probated at her death, does not revive the prior will.

In order to revive the first will it must be republished before witnesses in the manner required by the statute.

Appeal by John P. Kuntz and others, contestants, from a decree of the Surrogate’s Court of the county of Kings, entered in the office of said surrogate on the 6 th day of January, 1914, admitting to probate a paper offered as and for the last will and testament of Maria Eva Kuntz, deceased, bearing date of the lYth day of July, 1912.

*Jonathan Deyo,*for the appellants.

*Louis J. Halbert,*for the respondent.

Putnam, J.:

On July 1Y, 1912, decedent made a will properly attested before three witnesess, Andrew Stocker, Marie Mittermeier and George M. Schinzel, Mr. Schinzel being the attorney who drew the will. By this will the daughter, Elizabeth, was specially named as legatee. Apparently difficulties over a certain savings bank deposit arose between Elizabeth and the decedent, which came to a suit. On April 22, 1913, the decedent executed a second will, drawn by Mr. Nicholas Dietz, with the usual revoking clause, which left the property to her other children, with an explanation that she had not provided for Elizabeth because she was withholding moneys and had been unfilial and disrespectful.

*126This difficulty about money in the savings bank, however, was soon settled amicably. On June 24,1913, which was about the time those proceedings were dropped, the deceased came with her daughter Elizabeth, now Mrs. Kille, to Mr. Schinzel’s office, and in his presence tore up the second will, declaring that she had nothing against Elizabeth; that the second will is “not the will I want. The will I want probated is the will that you drew about a year ago.” Mr. Schinzel was the only one of the subscribing witnesses to the original will who was present at this oral declaration.

Upon these facts the instrument of July 17, 1912, has been admitted to probate. The second will, thus canceled, is found to have been duly executed. Hence its revoking clause revoked the first will. Although a testator destroys and revokes such a second will, that act does not revive the original will “ unless it appear by the terms of such revocation, that it was his intention to revive and give effect to his first will; or unless after such destruction, canceling or revocation, he shall duly republish his first will.” (E. S. pt. 2, chap. 6, tit. 1, art. 3, § 53; 2 E. S. 66, § 53; now Decedent Estate Law [Consol. Laws, chap. 13; Laws of 1909, chap. 18], § 41.)

This enactment was because of a divergence on this point between the courts of common law and the ecclesiastical courts. (40 Cyc. 1212.) And this reform in New York in 1830 led to a like provision in 1837 in the English Statute of Wills (1 Viet. chap. 26, § 22; 2 Jarman Wills [6th Big. Am. ed.], 796, 803).

It is settled that the words “ terms of such revocation ” mean a revocation in writing; also that an effective republication must be in the presence of those who subscribed to the original will, as required for the original publication. *(Matter of Stickney,*161 N. Y. 42.) Hence decedent’s oral declaration on June 24, 1913, in the presence of Mr. Schinzel, one of the subscribing witnesses to the will of July 17, 1912, that she desired to have probated the will which Mr. Schinzel had drawn about a year before, did not have the effect to revive that will.

I, therefore, advise that the decree of the Surrogate’s Court of Kings county be reversed, that a decree be made refusing *127probate of the will offered, and that the .letters testamentary issued to the executors be revoked, with one bill of costs of appeal, payable out of the estate, to the appellants.

Burr, Carr, Rich and Stapleton, JJ., concurred.

Decree of the Surrogate’s Court of Kings county reversed, and decree directed refusing probate of the will offered, and revoking the letters testamentary issued to the executors, with one bill of costs of appeal, payable out of the estate, to the appellants.