2

Risk quotients exceed levels of concern for vascular aquatic plants (RQ = 1.03 using GENEEC2 EECs 

and EC05, the endpoint used to determine potential effects to non-target, listed plants from exposures) 

for the proposed uses on leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), 

cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, and wheat. However, based on the 

analysis for the proposed new uses of flutriafol with PRZM/EXAMS outputs, no RQ exceedances 

were observed for the listed or non-listed aquatic plant or animal LOC for any of the proposed uses. 

The acute endangered species level of concern for mammals (RQ: 0.10-0.22) and birds (RQ: 0.10-

0.26), as well as the chronic level of concern (mammal RQs: 1.07-1.89; bird RQs: 1.05-2.30) is 

exceeded for most of the proposed uses (except cotton T-band/in-furrow application at planting). 

Risks to non-listed terrestrial plants from the proposed uses that have a maximum single application 

rate of 0.114 lb a.i./A are not expected. However, because the proposed cotton use (i.e. ̧ T-band/in 

furrow at planting) has a single maximum application rate (0.26 lb a.i./A) that exceeds 0.12 lb a.i./A 

(the maximum application rate used in the terrestrial plant studies), the potential risks to terrestrial 

plants from the proposed cotton use is unclear, even with the addition of a single plant Tier II study. 

Additionally, the risks to listed plants from all of the proposed uses cannot be excluded with the data 

currently available. 

Use Pattern Summary 

TOPGUARD® fungicide is formulated as a suspension concentrate containing 11.8 % of the active 

ingredient (a.i.) flutriafol (1.04 lb a.i./gallon of product). Flutriafol® 250 g/L is formulated as a 

suspension concentrate containing 22.7% flutriafol (2.08 lb a.i. per gallon of product) and Flutriafol®

500 g/L is formulated as suspension concentrate containing 42.0% flutriafol (4.16 lb a.i. per gallon 

of product). 

The proposed methods of application are broadcast foliar by ground and air spray methods for all 

the proposed uses except for cotton, where it is proposed that one T-band (soil applied) will be 

followed by a maximum of 2 foliar applications for cotton. Flutriafol may not be applied by 

chemigation. Where rates are given per season, it is assumed that there is only 1 season per year. 

 
3

Table 1. Summary of Proposed New Uses 

Formulation 

(Method of 

Application) 

Crop Maximum Single 

Application Rate 

lb a.i./A 

(fl oz/A) 

Number of Applications 

(Minimum 

Reapplication 

Interval) 

Maximum Yearly Use Rate 

lb a.i./A per period 

(fl oz a.i./A per period) 

Broadcast 

Foliar 

Spray 

Leafy Vegetables 

(except Brassica 

Vegetables)

0.114 (7) 4 (7-day) 0.456 (28 per year)b

(AS&GS) Leafy Vegetables 

Brassica (cole and 

celery) 

0.114 (7) 4 (7- day) 0.456 (28 per year)b

 Almonds, Pecans, tree 

nuts 

0.114 (14) 4 (7-day) 0.456 (56 per year)a

0.456 (56 per season)d

 Almond & Walnuts 0.114 ( 7) 4 (7-day) 0.456 (28 per year)b

0.456 (28 per season)e,f

 Strawberry 0.114 ( 7) 4 (7-day) 

 

0.456 (28 per season)b

0.456 (28 per season)e,f

 Fruiting Vegetables 0.114 (14) 4 (7-day) 0.456 (56 per year)a

0.456 (56 per season)d

 Cucurbit Vegetables 0.114 (14) 4 (7-day) 0.456 (56 per year)a

0.456 (56 per season)d

 Peanuts 0.114 (14) 4 (14-day) 0.456 (56 per year)a

0.456 (56 per season)d

 Tomatoes 0.114 ( 7) 4 ( 7-day) 

 

0.456 (28 per season)b

0.456 (28 per season)e,f

 Wheat (spring-winter) 0.114 (14) 2 (7-day) 0.228 (28 per year)a

0.228 (28 per season)d

 Grain Sorghum 0.114 (14) 2 (7- day) 0.228 (28 per season)a

Soil Applied 

Broadcast 

Foliar 

Spray 

Cotton (T-Band) 0.260 ( 8) 1 at plant 0.260 ( 8/season)c

Cotton (Foliar) 0.114 (14) 2 Foliar (7-day) 0.228 (28/year)a,b

Total Cotton [T-Band + 

Cotton Foliar] 

0.26 ( 8) 

0.228 (2 x 7) 

Combined 0.488 lb a.i./A/yeara,b,c

 

Although, three different product formulations are proposed which contain different amounts (lb per 

gallon) of active ingredient (11.8, 22.8, and 42.0% a.i.), the maximum single application rates are 

the same for all three formulations when applied as a foliar spray (0.114 lb a.i./A). A higher single 

application rate is proposed for the soil applied (T-Band) use for cotton (0.26 lb a.i./A). For the foliar 

uses, up to four 0.114 lb a.i./A applications per year (0.456 lb a.i./A/year) may be applied (except 

grain sorghum where only 2 are proposed). For cotton, it is proposed that one 0.26 lb a.i./A T-Band 

application may be followed by a maximum of 2 foliar applications (0.114 lb a.i./A) for a yearly 

maximum of 0.488 lb a.i./A/year. 

 
4

Table 2. Maximum Flutriafol Application Rates for Proposed New Uses. 

Crop or Crop Group 

Maximum Single 

Application Rate (lb 

a.i./A) 

Number of Applications 

(Minimum Reapplication 

Interval) 

Maximum Yearly Use Rate 

(lb a.i./A/year) 

All uses except Grain Sorghum and Cotton 0.114 4 (7-day) 0.456 

Grain sorghum 0.114 2 (7-day) 0.228 

Cotton T-Band Appl. 0.260 (T-band, at plant) 0.26 

 Foliar 0.114 2 (Foliar, 7-day) 0.228 

 Combined for 

Cotton 

0.228 

0.260 

2 (Foliar, 7-day) 

1 (T-Band Appl) 

0.448 

I. STRESSOR SOURCE AND ENVIROMENTAL FATE SUMMARY 

Flutriafol is a triazole derivative used as a systemic conazole fungicide (Figure 1). Flutriafol belongs 

to a group of demethylation inhibitors (DMI fungicides). The mode of action for flutriafol is as a 

sterol biosynthesis inhibitor that inhibits microsomal sterol demethylation in membranes, known as 

SBIs (Sterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors). The chemical structures of flutriafol, 1,2,4-triazole, and the 

triazole conjugates are shown in Figure 1. These degradates (1,2,4-Triazole (1,2,4-T) and triazole 

conjugates triazole analine (TA) and triazole acetic acid (TAA)) are common degradates of conazole 

pesticides. 

a) Flutriafol 

1,2,4-Triazole 

(1,2,4-T; free triazole) 

Triazole Alanine 

(TA) 

Triazole Acetic Acid 

(TAA) 

Figure 1. Chemical structures for Flutriafol and 1,2,4-triazole, triazole alanine, and triazole acetic acid 

N

N N C

H2

O H

F

F

NH

N N N

N

N

N H 2

O O H

N

N

N

O

OH
5

Flutriafol is expected to be persistent in soil and moderately mobile in the environment, with its 

major routes of dissipation through biotic degradation in aquatic environments, runoff and leaching 

through soil (Table 3). Flutriafol is expected to dissipate slowly with an estimated half-life of several 

years in the terrestrial environment and therefore repeated applications may lead to accumulation of 

flutriafol residues in soil. Flutriafol is expected to reach surface water through runoff and leaching, 

and groundwater by leaching. 

Hydrolysis and aqueous photolysis are very slow. Flutriafol degraded more rapidly under aerobic 

aquatic environments, with a half-life value of approximately 6 weeks in an aerobic water/sediment 

test system. No major degradation products (i.e., > 10% of applied radioactivity) were identified in 

any water or soil studies. Two minor degradation products were identified in the photolysis on soil 

study [1H-1,2,4-Triazole and 2,4’-Difluorobenzophenone] and three minor [1H-1,2,4-Triazole; 

Triazole-1-acetic acid; 1,2,4-Triazole-1-alanine] degradation products were identified in the 

anaerobic aquatic metabolism study. 

Freundlich soil:water partitioning coefficients for flutriafol ranged from 2.0 to 13.6 mL/g. Organic 

carbon partitioning coefficients ranged from 140 to 498 mL/goc. These data suggest flutriafol is 

moderately mobile in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Bioaccumulation is not expected due to 

the low octanol-water partitioning coefficient (log Kow value of 2.3). Field dissipation studies show 

flutriafol is persistent and mobile. Additionally, there was accumulation of flutriafol in soil in longterm field dissipation studies. 

As indicated by the adsorption/desorption coefficients, flutriafol is moderately mobile in the 

laboratory tested soils (Table 3). This moderate potential for mobility, combined with the 

persistence demonstrated in laboratory metabolism half-lives greater than one year, indicate that 

under some environmental conditions, flutriafol does possess the potential to reach groundwater. 

Limited monitoring data supports the potential for flutriafol to leach to ground water. Flutriafol was 

detected (0.0051 μg/L) in ground water in a study conducted in Ireland1

. Seven flutriafol detections 

(detection limit = 0.021 μg/L) were reported in three public wells in the United Kingdom, during a 

three year period (June 2000 to February 2003)2

. 

Additionally, six terrestrial field dissipation studies with applications made over several consecutive 

years, most with applications over multiple years, indicate that flutriafol residues will remain undegraded, allowing residues to carry-over from year to year under actual use conditions. 

With respect to degradation products, in a soil photolysis study, the maximum triazole and triazoleacetic acid was 4.1 % and 3.6% AR at day 7, respectively. In the anaerobic aquatic metabolism 

study the maximum % (as applied radioactivity) was 0.1 (at 58 days), 0.3 (at 181 days) and 0.5 % 

 

1 Regional Groundwater Monitoring Network, 2005. Northern Ireland. Environmental & Heritage Service. 

http://www.doeni.gov.uk/niea/groundwater_2005_report.pdf 2 Stuart et al. 2006. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2006.00113.x/pdf
6

(at 90 days) for triazole, triazole-acetic acid, and triazole-alanine, respectively. A summary of 

selected physical, chemical, and environmental fate properties of flutriafol is presented in Table 3. 

Table 3. Summary of physical/chemical and environmental fate and transport properties of flutriafol. 

Parameter Value(s) (units) Source 

(MRID)

Chemical Name α-(2-Fluorophenyl)-α-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol 47129901 

Molecular Weight 301.3 amu 47129901 

Solubility (20 °C) 130 mg/L or ppm 47129901 

Vapor Pressure (20 °C) 

Vapor Pressure (25o

C) 

4 x 10-7 Pa;3.00 x 10-9 torr (or mmHg) 

2.7 x 10-6 Pa; 2.03 x 10-8 mmHg 

47129901 

EPI Suite1

Henry’s Law constant 9.2 x 10-12 atm m3

/mol calculated 

pKa (20 °C) 2.3 47129901 

Octanol-Water Partition 

Coefficient (log KOW, @ pH 7) 2.29 47129901 

Hydrolysis Half-life (pH 5, 7) stable 47090416 

Aqueous Photolysis Half-life stable 47090417 

Soil Photolysis Half-life stable 47090420 

47418401 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life t1/2 = 697, 120, 161, 257, 84, 98, 315, 3466, 347, and 239 weeks 

47090421 

47090422 

47090423 

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism t1/2 = 6,932, 840, 1127, 1799, 588, 686, 2205 days 47090424 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism t1/2 = 42.6 and 36.3 days 47090419 

Organic Carbon Partition 

Coefficient (KOC) 498, 205, 379, 230, 340, 428, 140 mL/gOC

47090425 

47090426 

47090427 

Soil Partition Coefficient (Kd) 3.7, 13.6, 10.6, 6.5, 2.0 mL/g 

47090425 

47090426 

47090427 

Terrestrial Field Dissipation 

Half-life 

t1/2 = 1155 days 

3466 days 

2310 days 

1155, 866, 770, 866, 1155, 1386 days 

47115502 

47090431 

1

 EPI Suite was used to calculate vapor pressure at 25oC for use in STIR; calculation is based on modified grain method. 

The following SMILES code was used as an input: C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C(CN2C=NC=N2)(C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)O)F
7

II. ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE AND EFFECTS SUMMARY 

EPA utilizes various models 3 in order to estimate exposures, and potential risk, to nontarget 

organisms. To estimate the potential estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) for aquatic 

environments, EPA uses PRZM/EXAMS to estimate potential concentrations that may occur in 

water bodies adjacent to application sites. For terrestrial exposures, T-REX and TerrPlant are the 

models used to calculate EECs for concentrations that nontarget organisms may be exposed to. 

a. Aquatic Exposure 

The 1-in-10 year predicted peak, 21-day, and 60-day concentrations are used to estimate acute and 

chronic exposures to aquatic organisms inhabiting shallow-water aquatic communities that receive 

runoff during rainfall events and/or drift of the active ingredient from adjacent use sites. Model input 

parameters are selected based on laboratory fate data in accordance with EFED’s input parameter 

guidance 4 . The environmental fate properties and other values, used for input into the 

PRZM/EXAMS models, are summarized in Table 4 (representative output is given in APPENDIX 

A-1). Eleven standard scenarios were selected to represent the sites for the proposed crop or crop 

groups where the runoff and EECs would be expected to be the highest. Refer to Table 5 for a 

summary of the PRZM/EXAMS EECs based on the application rates for the proposed new uses. 

Since the application rates were the same for all the proposed uses, except cotton and grain sorghum, 

the difference in EECs primarily reflect variability between sites (scenarios) and not the crops. 

Currently PE5, the program used to link the PRZM and EXAMS models, can only simulate a single 

application method at a time (i.e., foliar and ground). Therefore, for cotton the EECs were simulated 

separately (i.e., for the T-Band and 2 foliar applications) and then added together. The default spray 

drift factors from the updated guidance (2013) were used in this assessment. 

Table 4. PRZM-EXAMS Environmental Fate and Other Select Input Parameter Values for 

Flutriafol1

. 

Parameter (units) Value Source (MRID) Comment

Application Rate 

 (lb a.i./acre per application) 

0.26 

0.114 

Maximum Label Rate for cotton T-Band 

Maximum foliar Rate for all other uses 

Minimum Reapplication Interval 

 (days) 

7 - Label 

Soil Partition Coefficient 

 ( KOC mL/gOC) 

322 

47090425 

47090426 

47090427 

Represents the mean of seven values 

ranging from 140 to 498 mL/g for the 

parent compound1

. 

 

3 http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/science/models_pg.htm

4 http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_guidance2_28_02.htm
8

Parameter (units) Value Source (MRID) Comment

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life 

(days) 7,202 

47090421 

47090422 

47090423 

90% Upper bound on mean of 10 

aerobic soil metabolism half-lives1

. 

Vapor Pressure (25oC) 

 (mmHg) 

3.0 x 10-9 47129901 

EPI Suite1

- 

Henry’s Law constant 

 (atm m3

/mol) 9.2 x 10-12 - Calculated 

Solubility in Water @ 20 OC 

(mg/L or ppm) 

130 

47129901 - 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Halflife (days) 49.2 

47090419 Represents the 90th percentile of the 

upper confidence bound on the mean of 

nine half-life values (39.5). 

Hydrolysis Half-life @ pH 7 0 47090416 Stable 

Aquatic Photolysis Half-life @ pH 

7 0 

47287601 

47090417 

- 

Pesticide Management and Spray Drift Inputs 

Spray Drift Fraction: 

 Air spray- 

 Ground Spray- 

 T-Band 

0.125 

0.027 

0.60 

- EFED Guidance2

Default (air spray) 

Default (low boom) 

Recommended by PRZM Manual 

Application Efficiency: 

 Air spray- 

 Ground Spray0.95 

0.99 

- EFED Model Input Guidance1

Depth of Incorporation: 

 CAM3

 = 2 (foliar) 

 CAM= 7 (T-band) 

4 cm 

2 cm 

- 

Defaults in recommended by the PRZM 

Manual for specified CAM 

1 Parameters are selected as per Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of 

Pesticides; Version 2.1, October 22, 2009, except for aerobic soil metabolism (see comment above). 2 Guidance on Modeling Offsite Deposition of Pesticides Via Spray Drift for Ecological and Drinking Water Assessments. Dated 

December 19, 2013. 

3 CAM = Chemical Application Method is a PRZM input. 
9

Table 5. Surface Water EECs for the Maximum Proposed New Uses of Flutriafol with the PRZMEXAMS models (with PE5).

Crop or Crop Group 

[Scenario] First Application (mn-day0 

Maximum Single 

Application Rate 

(lb a.i./A); MRI* 

Peak 21-

day 60-day Annual Mean 

(μg/L) 

Almond/ Pecan/Tree nuts (CA Almond] 07-05 4 apps @ 0.114; 7d 3.76 3.31 2.84 1.55 

 Cucurbits [FL Cucumber] 10-25 14.11 12.77 10.73 2.51 

 Strawberry [FL Strawberry] 12-05 8.79 7.75 6.76 1.88 

 Tomato [FL Tomato] 03-05 11.89 10.19 7.93 1.91 

 Pecan & Tree nuts [GA Pecan] 06-05 8.79 7.30 6.34 1.44 

 Peanut [NC Peanut] 08-05 9.57 8.22 6.86 2.70 

Stone Fruit [MI Cherry] 06-05 6.95 6.11 5.08 2.33 

 Brassica (Cole crops) [FL Cabbage] 01-05 9.86 8.74 7.34 2.07 

 Wheat & Triticale [ND Wheat] 06-05 8.83 7.87 6.74 3.55 

Grain sorghum [KS Sorghum] 07-05 2 apps @ 0.114; 7d 4.70 3.97 3.21 1.42 

Cotton T-Band: 04-23. 1 app @ 0.260; - 3.96 3.44 2.67 0.55 

[MS Cotton] Foliar: 07-05 2 apps @ 0.114; 7d 5.04 4.56 3.61 1.08 

 Combined for Cotton 0.488 9.00 8.00 6.28 1.63 

*MRI: Minimum Reapplication Interval 

The values in bold yielded the highest EECs and are used in RQ calculation. 

 

b. Terrestrial Exposure 

Exposure estimates for terrestrial animals assumed to be in the target area or in an area exposed to 

spray drift are derived using the T-REX model (version 1.5.2, 6/6/2013). This model incorporates 

the Kenaga nomograph, as modified by Fletcher et al. (1994), which is based on a large set of actual 

field residue data. The upper limit values from the nomograph represent the 95th percentile of residue 

values from actual field measurements (Hoerger and Kenaga 1972). The dietary-based EECs on a 

variety of food items from the use of flutriafol on leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy 

vegetables (Group 5), cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, wheat, grain 

sorghum and cotton as modeled by T-REX, are provided in Table 6 and Table 7 (see APPENDIX 

B for further details). T-REX estimates exposures based on residues found on potential food items 

and does not estimate exposures via ingestion of plant materials in which systemic pesticides (such 

as flutriafol) are incorporated. 

 
10

Table 6. T-REX-Calculated Dietary EECs (mg/kg-diet) (Upper-Bound Kenaga Values) for the 

Proposed Flutriafol Broadcast Foliar Spray Uses on Leafy Vegetables (Group 4), Brassica (cole) Leafy 

Vegetables (Group 5), Cucurbit Vegetables, Fruiting Vegetables, Strawberries, Tree Nuts, Wheat, 

Grain Sorghum and Cotton. 

To account for the ground spray T-band and in furrow applications, the LD50 per square foot analysis 

was conducted for cotton applications at planting. Unlike the spray drift exposure analysis, which 

accounts for dietary exposure only, the LD50 per square foot analysis accounts for all exposure 

pathways. The percent incorporated default assumption for T-banded and in-furrow applications is 

that 99% of applied pesticide will be incorporated in the soil. According to the label, the T-band 

method is to be applied in a concentrated 3-4 inch wide band; a 3 inch band width was used in TREX modeling. The label also indicates a range of row spacing, from 30-40 inches; a 40 inch row 

spacing was used in T-REX modeling. 

Table 7. T-REX Inputs Specific for the T-band and In-furrow Applications and Calculated LD50/ft2

Values for the Proposed Flutriafol Use on Cotton (at planting)

INPUTS 

Application Rate: 0.114 lbs / acre 

% A.I.: 100.00% 

Avian LD50 (20g): 388.79 mg/kg bw 

(100g) 494.95 

(1000g) 699.13 

Mammalian LD50 (15g): 393.41 mg/kg bw 

(35g) 318.31 

(1000g) 137.68 

Row Spacing: 40 inches 

Bandwidth: 3 inches 

Unincorporated: 1% 

Food Type Dietary EEC (mg/kg-diet)a Dietary EEC (mg/kg-diet)b

Short Grass 89.96 51.18 

Tall Grass 41.23 23.46 

Broadleaf plants 50.60 28.79 

Fruits/pods/seeds 5.62 3.20 

Arthropods 35.24 20.04 a

 leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), cucurbit vegetables, fruiting 

vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, wheat 

b

 grain sorghum and cotton (foliar application only) 

Intermediate Calculations (Liquid Application) 

# rows acre-1: 62.61 

row length (ft): 208.71 

lb ai/1000 ft row: 0.01 

bandwidth (ft): 0.25 

mg ai/ft2: 15.83 

exposed mg ai/ft2: 0.16 
11

c. Effects Data

Toxicity data for freshwater fish and invertebrates, mammals, and terrestrial and aquatic plants with 

technical grade and the formulated product, Flutriafol 125 g/L SC, are available. Chronic data with 

the technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) for estuarine/marine animals are not available and the 

toxicity to estuarine/marine invertebrates is estimated by an acute-to-chronic ratio approach. 

A comparison of the available formulated product (TOPGUARD® fungicide) and technical grade 

toxicity data (i.e., aquatic plants: MRID 47090330, 47090331, 47090332, 47090333, 47090334) 

shows the formulated product, when results are expressed in terms of the active ingredient, is 

approximately 30 to 50-fold more toxic than technical grade flutriafol in an aquatic environment. 

Formulation blank data suggest the greater toxicity of the formulated product relative to the technical 

grade is not due to synergistic effects of the combination of the active ingredient and inerts, but is 

due to the toxicity of one or more of the inert ingredients. Note that most of the studies are based on 

the TGAI. Table 8 is a summary of the endpoints from the submitted terrestrial and aquatic toxicity 

studies for flutriafol. 
12

Table 8. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Submitted Terrestrial and Aquatic Toxicity 

Studies for Flutriafol. 

Taxa Represented 

TGAI or EUP1 Species Toxicity Value MRID # Classification Comment 

Birds, Reptiles, and 

Terrestrial-phase 

Amphibians 

TGAI 

Red-legged 

Partridge 

(430g) 

(Alectoris rufa) 

LD50 = 616 mg 

a.i./kg-bw 

47090351 Acceptable -- 

Mallard duck 

(Anas 

platyrhynchos) 

LC50 = 4062 mg 

a.i./kg-diet 

(Acute) 

47090320 Acceptable -- 

NOAEC = 39.2 

mg a.i./kg-diet 

(Chronic) 

47090322 Acceptable 

LOAEC = 97.5 mg a.i./kgdiet based on reduced 14-

day survivors and number 

of hatchlings 

Mammals 

TGAI 

Laboratory 

mouse (Mus 

musculus) (20 

g) 

LD50 = 179 mg 

a.i./kg-bw 

(Acute) 

47090335 Acceptable Based on the LD50 for 

females 

Laboratory rat 

(Rattus 

norvegicus) 

NOAEL = 240 

mg a.i./kg-diet 

NOAEC = 20.6 

mg/kg-bw/day 

(males) 

(Chronic) 

47090351 Acceptable 

LOAEC = 1,000 mg 

a.i./kg-diet; based on 

decreased live birth and 

litter size 

Terrestrial 

Invertebrates 

TGAI 

Honey bees 

(Apis mellifera) 

LD50>50 μg 

a.i./bee (contact) 47090326 Acceptable 

Acute contact study; no 

treatment-related 

mortality or sublethal 

effects were noted 

LD50>2 μg 

a.i./bee (oral) 47090326 Supplemental Non-guideline study 

Terrestrial plants 

EUP 

Monocots and 

Dicots 

(Seedling 

Emergence) 

Tier I 

EC25 > 0.12 lb 

a.i./acre 

NOAEC < 0.12 

lb a.i./acre 

47090328 Acceptable 

11.9% flutriafol, tested at 

the maximum application 

rate of 0.12 lb a.i./A 

Monocots and 

Dicots 

(Vegetative 

Vigor) 

Tier I 

EC25 > 0.12 lb 

a.i./acre 

NOAEC < 0.12 

lb a.i./acre 

47090329 Acceptable 

11.9% flutriafol, tested at 

the maximum application 

rate of 0.12 lb a.i./A 

Ryegrass 

(Vegetative 

Vigor) 

Tier II 

EC25>0.26 lb 

a.i./A 

NOAEC= 0.26 

lb a.i./A 

47689801 Acceptable 

11.9% flutriafol, tested at 

the maximum application 

rate of 0.26 lb a.i./A 

No phytotoxic endpoints; 

no sensitive endpoints 

Freshwater fish and 

Aquatic-phase 

Amphibians 

Bluegill sunfish 

(Lepomis 

macrochirus) 

LC50 = 33 mg 

a.i./L (Acute) 47090310 Acceptable -- 
13

Taxa Represented 

TGAI or EUP1 Species Toxicity Value MRID # Classification Comment 

TGAI 

Fathead 

minnow 

(Pimephales 

promelas) 

NOAEC = 4.8 

mg a.i./L 

(Chronic) 

47090317 Acceptable 

LOAEC = 9.5 mg a.i./L; 

based on reduced larval 

survival 

Freshwater 

invertebrates 

TGAI 

Water flea 

(Daphnia 

magna) 

EC50 = 67.1 mg 

a.i./L (Acute) 47090304 Acceptable -- 

NOAEC = 0.31 

mg a.i./L 

(Chronic) 

47090313 Acceptable 

LOAEC = 0.55 mg a.i./L 

based on reduced length 

and number of offspring 

per adult 

Estuarine/Marine 

fish 

TGAI 

Sheepshead 

minnow 

(Cyprinodon 

variegates) 

LC50 > 72.2 mg 

a.i./L 47090308 Acceptable 

There were no mortalities 

at concentration ≤ 52 mg 

a.i./L; mortality was 45% 

at 72 mg a.i./L; lethargy, 

surfacing, loss of 

equilibrium and erratic 

swimming were noted at 

concentrations ≥ 22.2 mg 

a.i./L 

No chronic data 

available N/A N/A -- 

Mollusk 

TGAI 

Eastern oyster 

(Crassostrea 

virginica) 

EC50 = 25 mg 

a.i./L 47090306 Acceptable Shell deposition study 

Estuarine/Marine 

invertebrate 

TGAI 

Mysid 

(Americamysis 

bahia) 

LC50 = 34.9 mg 

a.i./L (Acute) 47090307 Acceptable -- 

NOAEC = 0.16 

mg a.i./L 

(Chronic) 

N/A N/A 

Based on an ACR2 using 

data from freshwater 

invertebrates 

Aquatic vascular 

plants 

EUP 

Duckweed 

(Lemna gibba) 

EC50 = 0.78 mg 

a.i./L (6.6 mg 

form./L) 

EC05 = 0.018 mg 

a.i./L (0.15 mg 

form./L) 

47090330 Supplemental 

Endpoints are based on 

reduced biomass; the 

study was conducted using 

a formulated product and 

data were not available to 

establish a dose-response 

curve for the formulation 

inerts 

Aquatic nonvascular plants 

EUP 

Marine diatom 

(Skeletonema 

costatum) 

EC50 = 0.46 mg 

a.i./L (3.9 mg 

form./L) 

EC05 = 0.30 mg 

a.i./L 

47090331 Supplemental 

Endpoints are based on 

reduced biomass; the 

study was conducted using 

a formulated product and 

data were not available to 

establish a dose-response 

curve for the formulation 

inerts 1

 TGAI – Technical grade active ingredient; EUP – End-use Product 2

 Acute-to-chronic ratio (ACR); ACR for the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna = 216.5 [67.1 mg a.i./L(EC50

value)/0.31 mg a.i./L (NOAEC value) = 216.5]; based on this ratio and the acute endpoint for mysids (LC50 = 34.9 mg 

a.i./L), the estuarine/marine chronic endpoint is NOAEC = 0.16 mg a.i./L (34.9/X = 216.5). 
14

d. Incidents 

The ecological incident information system (EIIS) is an OPP database that houses ecological 

incidents that have been reported to the Agency. When available, EIIS includes date and location of 

an incident, type and magnitude of effects observed in various species, use(s) of pesticides known 

or suspected of contributing to the incident, and results of any chemical residue analysis or other 

analyses conducted during incident investigation. EIIS incidents are categorized according to the 

certainty that the incident resulted from pesticide exposure. The Avian Monitoring System (AIMS) 

is a database administered by the American Bird Conservancy that contains publicly available data 

on reported avian incidents involving pesticides. Many of the incidents listed in this database are 

also in the EIIS. No flutriafol incidents were located through either the EIIS or the AIMS database 

(searched: March 12, 2014). 

In addition to the incidents recorded in EIIS and AIMS, the Agency maintains a database (IDS) 

which stores counts of minor incidents that pesticide registrants record in quarterly aggregated 

incident reports. Ecological incidents recorded in these aggregated reports include those categorized 

as ‘minor fish and wildlife’ (W-B), ‘minor plant’ (P-B), and ‘other non-target’ (ONT) incidents. 

‘Other non-target’ incidents include reports of adverse effects to insects and other terrestrial 

invertebrates. No incidents were reported in the IDS for flutriafol (database searched: March 13, 

2014). 

e. Risk Description 

1. Aquatic Organisms 

Based on the analysis for the proposed new uses of flutriafol with PRZM/EXAMS outputs, no RQ 

exceeds the listed or non-listed aquatic plant or animal LOC for any of the proposed uses. 

PRZM/EXAMS runs were triggered when the vascular aquatic plant RQ indicated exceedances for 

the listed species LOC for all proposed uses except grain sorghum and cotton using GENEEC2 runs 

(see APPENDIX A-2). The leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), 

cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, and wheat uses account for the 

highest applied rate among the new uses. See Table 9 for the summary of endpoints and RQs for 

each aquatic taxa that was evaluated for these uses. 

 
15

Table 9. Summary of Endpoints and RQs Using PRZM/EXAMS derived EECs for Aquatic 

Organisms and the Use of Flutriafol on All Proposed Uses Except Grain Sorghum and Cotton (4 

applications at 0.114 lb ai./acre).

Taxon Acute/Chronic Endpoint 

(μg a.i./L) EEC1

 (μg a.i./L) RQ 

Freshwater Fish 

Acute LC50 = 33,000 14.11 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic NOAEC = 4,800 10.73 (60-day) <0.01 

Estuarine/Marine Fish 

Acute LC50 > 72,2002

 14.11 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic No data available N/A N/A 

Freshwater Invertebrate 

Acute EC50 = 67,100 14.11 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic NOAEC = 310 12.77 (21-day) 0.04 

Estuarine/Marine 

Invertebrate 

Acute (mollusk) EC50 = 2,500 14.11 (peak) 0.01 

Acute (mysid) EC50 = 34,900 14.11 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic NOAEC = 160 12.77 (21-day) 0.08 

Aquatic Vascular 

Plants3

Non-listed species EC50 = 780 14.11 (peak) 0.02 

Listed species EC05 = 18 14.11 (peak) 0.784 

Aquatic Non-vascular 

Plants3

Non-listed species EC50 = 460 14.11 (peak) 0.03 

Listed species EC05 = 300 14.11 (peak) 0.05 

1

 The highest EECs from Table 5 were used to calculate the RQs. 

2

 Because there was no mortality or sublethal effects at the highest treatment levels tested in the acute freshwater fish 

studies submitted, standard definitive RQ values for acute exposure are not calculated. In order to gain a better 

understanding of how the EECs for the maximum proposed flutriafol application rate for cotton relate to the toxicity 

data currently available for estuarine/marine fish, we used the conservative assumption that the highest values tested in 

the studies represent endpoints (i.e., acute: LC50 = 72,200 μg a.i./L). 3

These RQs are based on data from a formulated product (no TGAI data are currently available for aquatic plants). 

4 No RQ exceeds listed plant LOC (i.e., when EEC/EC05 exceeds 1). The GENEEC2 estimates yielded an RQ of 1.03 

(see APPENDIX A-2). 

2. Terrestrial Organisms 

The potential routes of exposure for terrestrial plants and animals include deposition from foliar 

broadcast spray applications (including T-band and in-furrow), runoff/leaching from treated areas, 

spray drift, and wind erosion of soil particles resulting in residues on non-target species as well as 

residues on food items for non-target species. As part of the terrestrial assessment, EFED used the 

model T-REX (ver. 1.5.2.) and TerrPlant (ver. 1.2.2) to estimate exposure concentrations of flutriafol 

to non-target terrestrial animals and plants, respectively. Refer to Table 10 for a summary of the 

terrestrial RQ estimates (see APPENDIX B for further details). 

Birds. Based on the proposed uses, the acute level of concern for listed species was exceeded for 

small birds (dose-based EEC) that eat short grass (all proposed foliar spray uses: RQs of 0.15 and 

0.26 for grain sorghum & cotton uses and all other uses, respectively). LOC exceedances were also 
16

observed for small birds (dose-based EEC) consuming tall grass (RQ: 0.12), broadleaf plants (0.15), 

or arthropods (0.10) and medium-sized birds (dose-based EEC) consuming short grass (RQ: 0.12) 

for most uses (except grain sorghum and cotton). None of the acute RQs exceed the dietary-based 

EECs for birds of all sizes. For chronic exposures, the LOC was exceeded for birds that eat short 

grass (all proposed foliar spray uses: RQs of 1.31 and 2.30 for grain sorghum & cotton uses and all 

other uses, respectively) as well as birds that consume tall grass and broadleaf plants (RQs of 1.05 

and 1.29, respectively, for most uses (except grain sorghum and cotton). LOC exceedances for Tband/in-furrow applications to cotton (at planting) were not observed using the LD50 per square foot 

analysis (APPENDIX B). 

Mammals. The acute LOC for listed species was exceeded for small and medium-sized mammals 

(dose-based EEC) that consume short grasses (all proposed foliar spray uses: RQs of 0.11-0.12 and 

0.19-0.22 for grain sorghum & cotton uses and all other uses, respectively). LOC exceedances were 

also observed for small mammals (dose-based EEC) consuming tall grass (RQ: 0.10), broadleaf 

plants (0.12), medium-sized birds (dose-based EEC) consuming broadleaf plants (RQ: 0.10), and 

large-sized birds consuming short grass (RQ: 0.10) for most uses (except grain sorghum and cotton). 

Chronic dietary-based RQs for mammals range from 0.01 to 0.37 across all the proposed uses. The 

chronic dose-based RQ exceeded the chronic LOC for small-sized mammals that eat short grass (all 

proposed foliar spray uses: RQs of 1.08 and 1.89 for grain sorghum & cotton uses and all other uses, 

respectively). LOC exceedances were also observed for small mammals consuming broadleaf plants 

(RQ: 1.07) and medium-sized mammals consuming short grass (RQ: 1.62) for most uses (except 

grain sorghum and cotton). LOC exceedances for T-band/in-furrow applications to cotton (at 

planting) were not observed using the LD50 per square foot analysis (APPENDIX B). 

Plants. TerrPlant is the model used to assess potential exposures to terrestrial plants, which is based 

on a single application at the maximum single application rate. The available Tier I terrestrial plant 

studies only tested concentrations as high as 0.12 lb a.i./acre. The EC25 values in these studies 

exceeded the highest concentration tested (i.e., EC25 >0.12 lb a.i./acre); however, there were effects 

noted in both the vegetative vigor and seedling emergence studies resulting in NOAECs <0.12 lb 

a.i./acre. For example, in the vegetative vigor study (MRID 47090329), statistically significant 

effects (plant dry weight) were seen with ryegrass and sugar beet. The most sensitive monocot, based 

on a 17.1% inhibition in dry weight relative to the negative control, was ryegrass with NOAEC value 

of <0.12 lb a.i./A. The most sensitive dicot, based on a 15.1% inhibition in dry weight relative to the 

negative control, was sugar beet with NOAEC value of <0.12 lb a.i./A. In the seedling emergence 

study (MRID 27090328), there were statistically significant differences from control. Therefore, 

risks to non-listed terrestrial plants from the proposed uses that have a maximum single application 

rate of 0.114 lb a.i./A are not expected. However, because the proposed cotton use (i.e. ̧ T-band/in 

furrow at planting) has a single maximum application rate (0.26 lb a.i./A) that exceeds 0.12 lb a.i./A, 

the potential risks to terrestrial plants from the proposed cotton use are based on a Tier II vegetative 

vigor study on the monocot, ryegrass (MRID 47689801). Although the Tier II study showed no 

phytotoxic effects in ryegrass, there is no additional Tier II testing available on flutriafol (neither 

more species nor seedling emergence testing). As a result, risks to listed plants from all of the 

proposed uses cannot be precluded with the data currently available. 
17

Table 10. Summary of Endpoints and RQs for Terrestrial Organisms and the Broadcast Foliar Spray 

Uses of Flutriafol on Leafy Vegetables (Group 4), Brassica (cole) Leafy Vegetables (Group 5), Cucurbit 

Vegetables, Fruiting Vegetables, Strawberries, Tree Nuts, Wheat, Grain Sorghum and Cotton. 

Taxon Acute/ 

Chronic

Endpoint 

(not adjusted to size class) RQa RQb Exposure Model Used 

Birds 

Acute LD50 = 616 mg a.i./kg-bw <0.01 - 0.26 <0.01 – 0.15

T-REX 

Chronic NOAEC = 39.2 mg a.i./kg-diet 0.14 – 2.30 0.08 – 1.31 

Mammals 

Acute LD50 = 179 mg a.i./kg-bw <0.01 - 0.22 <0.01 – 0.12

Chronic NOAEL = 240 mg a.i./kg-diet 

NOAEC = 20.6 mg a.i./kg-bw 

0.02 – 0.37

0.01 – 1.89

0.01 – 0.21 

0.01 – 1.08

RQc RQd

Terrestrial Monocots 

(Ryegrass) Listed NOAEC = 0.26 lb ai/A (based 

on Tier II Veg. Vigor study) <0.1 <0.1 

TERRPLANT Terrestrial Monocots 

(Ryegrass) Non-listed NOAEC > 0.26 lb ai/A (based 

on Tier II Veg. Vigor study) <0.1 <0.1 

a

 4 applications @ 0.114 lb a.i./A (7 day interval): leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), 

cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, wheat

b

 2 applications @ 0.114 lb a.i./A (7 day interval): grain sorghum and cotton (foliar application only) c

 single application @ 0.114 lb a.i./A & aerial spray: all uses except for cotton T-band/in-furrow (at planting)

d

 single application @ 0.26 lb a.i./A & liquid application by ground: cotton T-band/in-furrow (at planting) 

Honeybees 

A hazard assessment indicates that flutriafol is practically non-toxic to honey bees on an acute 

contact toxicity basis (i.e., LD50 > 50 μg a.i./bee; MRID 47090326). 

Inhalation Exposure 

Inhalation exposure is calculated using STIR (version 1.0). STIR relies on the application rate, 

application method, defined droplet spectra (if applicable), molecular weight, vapor pressure and the 

temperature associated with the vapor pressure of a specific chemical to obtain an estimate of the 

droplet and vapor concentration in the air. These concentrations are compared with an estimated 

inhalation LD50 of a specific chemical as a ratio that is then compared with a threshold of 0.1. Based 

on the results of the STIR model, inhalation exposure alone was not determined to be a potential 

pathway of concern for either avian or mammalian taxa on an acute basis (APPENDIX D). 
18

Additional Citations 

EPA. 1999. Jones, R.D., J. Breithaupt, J. Carleton, L. Libelo, J. Lin, R. Matzner, and R. Parker. 

Guidance for Use of the Index Reservoir in Drinking Water Exposure Assessments. Environmental 

Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

Washington. D.C. 

EPA, 2012. Wolf, J.K. Section 18 Drinking Water Exposure and Ecological Risk Assessments for 

the Control of Cotton Root Rot in Texas Using Flutriafol (TOPGUARDTM, EPA Reg. No. 67760-

75). (DP 397805 January 20, 2012). Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide 

Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington. D.C. 

EPA, 2011. Wolf, J.K. Tier 1 Drinking Water Assessment Proposed New Uses (R190) for 

Flutriafol for the establishment of tolerances for residue in field and popcorn, grapes, peanuts, pome 

fruit (Crop Group 11), stone fruit (Crop Group 12), sugar beets, and wheat (DP 383005 April 27, 

2011). Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency, Washington. D.C. 

EPA, 2011. Wolf, J.K. Revised (Tier 2) Ground Water Concentrations for the Drinking Water 

Assessment Conducted for the Proposed New Uses (R190) for Flutriafol for the establishment of 

tolerances for residue in field and popcorn, grapes, peanuts, pome fruit (Crop Group 11), stone fruit 

(Crop Group 12), sugar beets, and wheat (DP 390213 May 31, 2011). Environmental Fate and 

Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

Washington. D.C. 

EPA, 2011. Panger, M., Wolf, J.K. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Proposed New Uses of 

Flutriafol on Field and Pop Corn, Grapes, Peanuts, Pome Fruit (Crop Group 11), Stone Fruit (Crop 

Group 12), Sugar Beets, and Wheat (D 383191, D 382957, June 7, 2011). Environmental Fate and 

Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

Washington. D.C. 

Texas Department of Agriculture, 2011. Kostroun, D. Application for an Emergency Specific 

Exemption for flutriafol for the control of cotton root rot caused by the fungus Phymatotrichum 

omnivorum in cotton fields in Texas. November 14, 2011. Austin, Texas. 
19

APPENDIX A-1. PRZM/EXAMS Output for Flutriafol for Proposed New Uses 

Four foliar applications@ 0.114 lb a.i./A 

stored as FLcucumber.out 

Chemical: Flutriafol 

PRZM environment: FLcucumberSTD.txt modified Wedday, 13 June 2007 at 12:19:24 

EXAMS environment: pond298.exv modified Wedday, 15 November 2006 at 13:47:26 

Metfile: w12844.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 10:04:30 

Water segment concentrations (ppb) 

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

1961 3.373 3.259 2.896 2.45 1.738 0.4286 

1962 3.275 3.202 2.546 2.339 1.709 1.178 

1963 7.437 5.189 4.14 3.632 2.579 1.565 

1964 13.44 13.15 11.75 8.256 5.806 3.391 

1965 8.559 8.283 7.462 6.68 5.374 3.34 

1966 8.766 8.564 8.054 6.912 6.21 3.057 

1967 3.3 3.202 2.884 2.609 2.453 1.502 

1968 3.665 3.56 3.283 2.804 2.019 1.246 

1969 7.25 7.072 6.502 5.694 4.182 2.706 

1970 6.398 6.276 5.834 5.238 4.813 2.405 

1971 8.883 8.583 8.145 6.622 4.62 2.028 

1972 13.16 12.72 11.56 8.714 6.001 2.919 

1973 6.785 6.631 6.28 5.513 4.938 2.515 

1974 7.534 7.284 6.465 4.913 3.677 2.325 

1975 4.794 4.669 4.205 3.426 3.001 1.784 

1976 5.716 5.542 5.181 4.654 3.296 1.962 

1977 10.06 9.828 8.848 6.318 4.42 2.593 

1978 11.83 11.43 10.67 8.784 6.124 3.364 

1979 7.635 7.513 6.951 5.946 5.336 2.781 

1980 4.861 4.759 4.317 3.628 2.853 1.833 

1981 9.101 8.689 8.313 6.8 4.69 2.126 

1982 17.63 17.01 15.81 12.67 8.79 4.55 

1983 9.163 9.073 8.675 7.608 6.846 3.765 

1984 25.51 24.7 21.85 14.44 9.876 3.927 

1985 14.18 13.91 12.88 10.95 9.742 4.496 

1986 10.69 10.44 9.466 7.732 6.795 3.582 

1987 9.892 9.563 8.931 7.644 5.293 2.767 

1988 5.679 5.608 5.286 4.524 4.059 2.272 

1989 4.749 4.634 3.091 2.522 1.957 1.302 

1990 4.259 4.134 3.841 3.128 2.832 1.52 

Sorted results 

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

0.032258064516129 25.51 24.7 21.85 14.44 9.876 4.55 

0.0645161290322581 17.63 17.01 15.81 12.67 9.742 4.496 

0.0967741935483871 14.18 13.91 12.88 10.95 8.79 3.927 

0.129032258064516 13.44 13.15 11.75 8.784 6.846 3.765 

0.161290322580645 13.16 12.72 11.56 8.714 6.795 3.582 

0.193548387096774 11.83 11.43 10.67 8.256 6.21 3.391 

0.225806451612903 10.69 10.44 9.466 7.732 6.124 3.364 

0.258064516129032 10.06 9.828 8.931 7.644 6.001 3.34 

0.290322580645161 9.892 9.563 8.848 7.608 5.806 3.057 

0.32258064516129 9.163 9.073 8.675 6.912 5.374 2.919 

0.354838709677419 9.101 8.689 8.313 6.8 5.336 2.781 

0.387096774193548 8.883 8.583 8.145 6.68 5.293 2.767 
20

0.419354838709677 8.766 8.564 8.054 6.622 4.938 2.706 

0.451612903225806 8.559 8.283 7.462 6.318 4.813 2.593 

0.483870967741936 7.635 7.513 6.951 5.946 4.69 2.515 

0.516129032258065 7.534 7.284 6.502 5.694 4.62 2.405 

0.548387096774194 7.437 7.072 6.465 5.513 4.42 2.325 

0.580645161290323 7.25 6.631 6.28 5.238 4.182 2.272 

0.612903225806452 6.785 6.276 5.834 4.913 4.059 2.126 

0.645161290322581 6.398 5.608 5.286 4.654 3.677 2.028 

0.67741935483871 5.716 5.542 5.181 4.524 3.296 1.962 

0.709677419354839 5.679 5.189 4.317 3.632 3.001 1.833 

0.741935483870968 4.861 4.759 4.205 3.628 2.853 1.784 

0.774193548387097 4.794 4.669 4.14 3.426 2.832 1.565 

0.806451612903226 4.749 4.634 3.841 3.128 2.579 1.52 

0.838709677419355 4.259 4.134 3.283 2.804 2.453 1.502 

0.870967741935484 3.665 3.56 3.091 2.609 2.019 1.302 

0.903225806451613 3.373 3.259 2.896 2.522 1.957 1.246 

0.935483870967742 3.3 3.202 2.884 2.45 1.738 1.178 

0.967741935483871 3.275 3.202 2.546 2.339 1.709 0.4286 

0.1 14.106 13.834 12.767 10.7334 8.5956 3.9108 

 Average of yearly averages: 2.50765333333333 

Inputs generated by pe5.pl - Novemeber 2006 

Data used for this run: 

Output File: FLcucumber 

Metfile: w12844.dvf 

PRZM scenario: FLcucumberSTD.txt 

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv 

Chemical Name: Flutriafol 

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments 

Molecular weight mwt 301.3 g/mol 

Henry's Law Const. henry 9,2e-12 atm-m^3/mol 

Vapor Pressure vapr 2.7e-6 torr 

Solubility sol 130 mg/L 

Kd Kd mg/L 

Koc Koc 322 mg/L 

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 49.2 days Halfife 

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 3247 days Halfife 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 7202 days Halfife 

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life 

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual 

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 4 cm 

Application Rate: TAPP 0.128 kg/ha 

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction 

Spray Drift DRFT 0.125 fraction of application rate applied to pond 

Application Date Date 25-10 dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm 

Interval 1 interval 7 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. 

app. rate 1 apprate 0.128 kg/ha 

Interval 2 interval 7 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. 

app. rate 2 apprate 0.128 kg/ha 

Interval 3 interval 7 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. 

app. rate 3 apprate 0.128 kg/ha 

Record 17: FILTRA 

 IPSCND 1 

 UPTKF 

Record 18: PLVKRT 

 PLDKRT 
21

 FEXTRC 0.5 

Flag for Index Res. Run IR EPA Pond 

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, monthly or total(average of entire run) 

Grain Sorghum 

Two foliar applications@ 0.114 lb a.i./A 

stored as kssorghum2.out 

Chemical: Flutriafol 

PRZM environment: KSsorghumSTD.txt modified Tueday, 29 May 2007 at 13:55:46 

EXAMS environment: pond298.exv modified Wedday, 15 November 2006 at 13:47:26 

Metfile: w13996.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 10:04:44 

Water segment concentrations (ppb) 

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

1961 3.217 3.099 2.805 2.327 2.067 0.7968 

1962 2.929 2.831 2.524 2.297 2.205 1.336 

1963 4.493 4.313 3.668 2.761 2.35 1.389 

1964 3.629 3.522 3.156 2.73 2.498 1.485 

1965 2.416 2.345 2.065 1.853 1.801 1.486 

1966 1.909 1.831 1.552 1.458 1.37 1.002 

1967 2.429 2.35 2.094 1.804 1.725 1.18 

1968 5.36 5.196 4.878 4.065 3.599 1.9 

1969 2.403 2.32 2.098 1.863 1.814 1.444 

1970 2.33 2.291 2.107 1.863 1.742 1.182 

1971 2.093 2.027 1.914 1.748 1.475 1.224 

1972 2.534 2.455 2.279 1.97 1.843 1.346 

1973 7.211 6.937 5.988 4.715 4.186 2.057 

1974 2.879 2.77 2.425 2.272 2.177 1.833 

1975 2.097 2.026 1.764 1.481 1.457 1.297 

1976 2.41 2.344 2.071 1.63 1.426 1.1 

1977 3.284 3.184 2.874 2.699 2.476 1.374 

1978 3.044 2.942 2.609 2.303 2.286 1.648 

1979 2.875 2.776 2.591 2.25 2.12 1.592 

1980 3.785 3.634 3.117 2.515 2.443 1.644 

1981 4.718 4.541 4.001 3.237 2.893 1.942 

1982 2.912 2.821 2.543 2.288 2.149 1.573 

1983 2.057 1.979 1.819 1.706 1.563 1.245 

1984 2.088 2.017 1.757 1.429 1.387 1.224 

1985 3.959 3.862 3.481 2.862 2.592 1.48 

1986 3.039 2.956 2.644 2.289 2.162 1.497 

1987 2.421 2.333 2.013 1.793 1.674 1.207 

1988 1.959 1.891 1.643 1.366 1.224 0.8814 

1989 3.862 3.732 3.353 2.974 2.764 1.441 

1990 3.58 3.452 3.249 2.939 2.622 1.686 

Sorted results 

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

0.032258064516129 7.211 6.937 5.988 4.715 4.186 2.057 

0.0645161290322581 5.36 5.196 4.878 4.065 3.599 1.942 

0.0967741935483871 4.718 4.541 4.001 3.237 2.893 1.9 

0.129032258064516 4.493 4.313 3.668 2.974 2.764 1.833 

0.161290322580645 3.959 3.862 3.481 2.939 2.622 1.686 
22

0.193548387096774 3.862 3.732 3.353 2.862 2.592 1.648 

0.225806451612903 3.785 3.634 3.249 2.761 2.498 1.644 

0.258064516129032 3.629 3.522 3.156 2.73 2.476 1.592 

0.290322580645161 3.58 3.452 3.117 2.699 2.443 1.573 

0.32258064516129 3.284 3.184 2.874 2.515 2.35 1.497 

0.354838709677419 3.217 3.099 2.805 2.327 2.286 1.486 

0.387096774193548 3.044 2.956 2.644 2.303 2.205 1.485 

0.419354838709677 3.039 2.942 2.609 2.297 2.177 1.48 

0.451612903225806 2.929 2.831 2.591 2.289 2.162 1.444 

0.483870967741936 2.912 2.821 2.543 2.288 2.149 1.441 

0.516129032258065 2.879 2.776 2.524 2.272 2.12 1.389 

0.548387096774194 2.875 2.77 2.425 2.25 2.067 1.374 

0.580645161290323 2.534 2.455 2.279 1.97 1.843 1.346 

0.612903225806452 2.429 2.35 2.107 1.863 1.814 1.336 

0.645161290322581 2.421 2.345 2.098 1.863 1.801 1.297 

0.67741935483871 2.416 2.344 2.094 1.853 1.742 1.245 

0.709677419354839 2.41 2.333 2.071 1.804 1.725 1.224 

0.741935483870968 2.403 2.32 2.065 1.793 1.674 1.224 

0.774193548387097 2.33 2.291 2.013 1.748 1.563 1.207 

0.806451612903226 2.097 2.027 1.914 1.706 1.475 1.182 

0.838709677419355 2.093 2.026 1.819 1.63 1.457 1.18 

0.870967741935484 2.088 2.017 1.764 1.481 1.426 1.1 

0.903225806451613 2.057 1.979 1.757 1.458 1.387 1.002 

0.935483870967742 1.959 1.891 1.643 1.429 1.37 0.8814 

0.967741935483871 1.909 1.831 1.552 1.366 1.224 0.7968 

0.1 4.6955 4.5182 3.9677 3.2107 2.8801 1.8933 

 Average of yearly averages: 1.41640666666667 

Inputs generated by pe5.pl - Novemeber 2006 

Data used for this run: 

Output File: kssorghum2 

Metfile: w13996.dvf 

PRZM scenario: KSsorghumSTD.txt 

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv 

Chemical Name: Flutriafol 

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments 

Molecular weight mwt 301.3 g/mol 

Henry's Law Const. henry 9,2e-12 atm-m^3/mol 

Vapor Pressure vapr 2.7e-6 torr 

Solubility sol 130 mg/L 

Kd Kd mg/L 

Koc Koc 322 mg/L 

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 49.2 days Halfife 

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 3247 days Halfife 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 7202 days Halfife 

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life 

Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual 

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 4 cm 

Application Rate: TAPP 0.128 kg/ha 

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction 

Spray Drift DRFT 0.125 fraction of application rate applied to pond 

Application Date Date 05-07 dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm 

Interval 1 interval 7 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. 

app. rate 1 apprate 0.128 kg/ha 

Record 17: FILTRA 

 IPSCND 1 
23

 UPTKF 

Record 18: PLVKRT 

 PLDKRT 

 FEXTRC 0.5 

Flag for Index Res. Run IR EPA Pond 

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, monthly or total(average of entire run) 

Cotton 

One T-Band Application @ 0.26 lb a.i./A 

 

stored as MScottonTB.out 

Chemical: Flutriafol 

PRZM environment: MScottonSTD.txt modified Tueday, 29 May 2007 at 13:57:52 

EXAMS environment: pond298.exv modified Wedday, 15 November 2006 at 

13:47:26 

Metfile: w03940.dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 10:05:46 

Water segment concentrations (ppb) 

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

1961 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1962 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1963 1.493 1.434 1.223 0.9585 0.8231 0.349 

1964 3.873 3.757 3.276 2.525 2.12 0.8494 

1965 0.4 0.3984 0.3916 0.3749 0.3612 0.2295 

1966 2.455 2.404 2.187 1.745 1.548 0.6301 

1967 4.005 3.902 3.595 2.957 2.522 1.07 

1968 2.157 2.111 1.934 1.651 1.404 0.6979 

1969 0.3392 0.3283 0.3085 0.2941 0.2826 0.2199 

1970 0.9592 0.9273 0.8106 0.6876 0.5891 0.2563 

1971 3.146 3.055 2.758 2.249 1.906 0.7338 

1972 1.742 1.713 1.63 1.319 1.112 0.5051 

1973 1.358 1.316 1.186 0.9778 0.8376 0.3712 

1974 1.067 1.03 0.8936 0.6687 0.5658 0.2815 

1975 2.734 2.644 2.383 1.905 1.594 0.632 

1976 2.406 2.338 2.18 1.813 1.545 0.6895 

1977 0.9266 0.8939 0.7875 0.6773 0.6381 0.3842 

1978 1.939 1.877 1.793 1.408 1.176 0.5008 

1979 3.042 2.951 2.743 2.353 2.056 0.8773 

1980 3.971 3.845 3.592 3.122 2.624 1.073 

1981 1.766 1.713 1.616 1.26 1.049 0.5337 

1982 1.907 1.836 1.593 1.226 1.115 0.56 

1983 4.026 3.915 3.461 2.683 2.228 0.9013 

1984 1.899 1.841 1.662 1.382 1.184 0.5914 

1985 0.8224 0.8038 0.7195 0.5822 0.531 0.2947 

1986 2.026 1.955 1.732 1.317 1.101 0.4355 

1987 1.007 0.9736 0.8723 0.7623 0.6898 0.3405 

1988 2.875 2.797 2.484 1.916 1.616 0.7253 

1989 3.334 3.233 2.968 2.538 2.154 0.9251 

1990 3.13 3.034 2.719 2.266 1.941 0.849 
24

Sorted results 

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

0.032258064516129 4.026 3.915 3.595 3.122 2.624 1.073 

0.0645161290322581 4.005 3.902 3.592 2.957 2.522 1.07 

0.0967741935483871 3.971 3.845 3.461 2.683 2.228 0.9251 

0.129032258064516 3.873 3.757 3.276 2.538 2.154 0.9013 

0.161290322580645 3.334 3.233 2.968 2.525 2.12 0.8773 

0.193548387096774 3.146 3.055 2.758 2.353 2.056 0.8494 

0.225806451612903 3.13 3.034 2.743 2.266 1.941 0.849 

0.258064516129032 3.042 2.951 2.719 2.249 1.906 0.7338 

0.290322580645161 2.875 2.797 2.484 1.916 1.616 0.7253 

0.32258064516129 2.734 2.644 2.383 1.905 1.594 0.6979 

0.354838709677419 2.455 2.404 2.187 1.813 1.548 0.6895 

0.387096774193548 2.406 2.338 2.18 1.745 1.545 0.632 

0.419354838709677 2.157 2.111 1.934 1.651 1.404 0.6301 

0.451612903225806 2.026 1.955 1.793 1.408 1.184 0.5914 

0.483870967741936 1.939 1.877 1.732 1.382 1.176 0.56 

0.516129032258065 1.907 1.841 1.662 1.319 1.115 0.5337 

0.548387096774194 1.899 1.836 1.63 1.317 1.112 0.5051 

0.580645161290323 1.766 1.713 1.616 1.26 1.101 0.5008 

0.612903225806452 1.742 1.713 1.593 1.226 1.049 0.4355 

0.645161290322581 1.493 1.434 1.223 0.9778 0.8376 0.3842 

0.67741935483871 1.358 1.316 1.186 0.9585 0.8231 0.3712 

0.709677419354839 1.067 1.03 0.8936 0.7623 0.6898 0.349 

0.741935483870968 1.007 0.9736 0.8723 0.6876 0.6381 0.3405 

0.774193548387097 0.9592 0.9273 0.8106 0.6773 0.5891

 0.2947 

0.806451612903226 0.9266 0.8939 0.7875 0.6687 0.5658

 0.2815 

0.838709677419355 0.8224 0.8038 0.7195 0.5822 0.531 0.2563 

0.870967741935484 0.4 0.3984 0.3916 0.3749 0.3612 0.2295 

0.903225806451613 0.3392 0.3283 0.3085 0.2941 0.2826

 0.2199 

0.935483870967742 0 0 0 0 0 0 

0.967741935483871 0 0 0 0 0 0 

0.1 3.9612 3.8362 3.4425 2.6685 2.2206 0.92272 

 Average of yearly averages: 0.550233333333333 

Inputs generated by pe5.pl - Novemeber 2006 

Data used for this run: 

Output File: MScottonTB 

Metfile: w03940.dvf 

PRZM scenario: MScottonSTD.txt 

EXAMS environment file: pond298.exv 

Chemical Name: Flutriafol 

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments 

Molecular weight mwt 301.3 g/mol 

Henry's Law Const. henry 9,2e-12 atm-m^3/mol 

Vapor Pressure vapr 2.7e-6 torr 

Solubility sol 130 mg/L 
25

Kd Kd mg/L 

Koc Koc 322 mg/L 

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 49.2 days Halfife 

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 3247 days Halfife 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 7202 days Halfife 

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life 

Method: CAM 7 integer See PRZM manual 

Incorporation Depth: DEPI 2 cm 

Application Rate: TAPP 0.291 kg/ha 

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction 

Spray Drift DRFT 0.6 fraction of application rate applied to pond 

Application Date Date 23-04 dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm 

Record 17: FILTRA 

 IPSCND 1 

 UPTKF 

Record 18: PLVKRT 

 PLDKRT 

 FEXTRC 0.5 

Flag for Index Res. Run IR EPA Pond 

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF none none, monthly or total(average of 

entire run) 

APPENDIX A-2. GENEEC2 Inputs/Outputs and Resulting RQs 

The predicted peak, 21-day, and 60-day concentrations are used to estimate acute and chronic 

exposures to aquatic organisms inhabiting shallow-water aquatic communities that receive runoff 

during rainfall events and/or drift of the active ingredient from adjacent use sites. Model input 

parameters are selected based on laboratory fate data in accordance with EFED’s input parameter 

guidance5

. The environmental fate properties, used for input into the GENEEC model, are 

summarized in Table 1A-2 (and model outputs section below). Flutriafol is assumed to be stable to 

aerobic soil metabolism for modeling aquatic exposure, because the aerobic soil metabolism halflives were greater than 1 year. Refer to Table 2A-2 for a summary of the GENEEC 2 EECs based 

on the application rates for the new proposed uses. 

Table 1A-2. GENEEC2 (Version 2) Environmental Fate and Other Select Input Parameter Values for 

Flutriafol1

. 

Parameter (units) Value Source (MRID) Comment

Crop Application Rate 

(1 application @ lb a.i./acre) 

0.26 Max Label Rate for Cotton T-Band 

Application 

 

5 http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_guidance2_28_02.htm
26

Parameter (units) Value Source (MRID) Comment

Soil Partition Coefficient ( KOC 

mL/gOC) 322 

47090425 

47090426 

47090427 

Represents the mean of seven values 

ranging from 140 to 498 mL/g for the 

parent compound. 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life 0 

47090421 

47090422 

47090423 

Model insensitive to half-life values > 1 

year. All half-lives greater than 1 year. 

Wetted in? No Proposed label Not specified 

Spray Drift: Ground Spray 

Low Boom Ground Sprayer 

Fine Spray (Default) 

B 

A 

A 

Option in GENEEC2 

Option in GENEEC2 

Option in GENEEC2 

Method of Application T-Band 

Depth of Incorporation 

1.5 inches Option in GENEEC2 

Solubility in Water @ 20 OC 

(mg/L or ppm) 

130 

47129901 - 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Halflife (days) 49.2 

47090419 Represents the 90th percentile of the upper 

confidence bound on the mean of nine halflife values (39.5). 

Hydrolysis Half-life @ pH 7 0 47090416 Stable 

Aquatic Photolysis Half-life @ pH 

7 0 

47287601 

47090417 

- 

1 Parameters are selected as per Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of 

Pesticides; Version 2.1, October 22, 2009, except for aerobic soil metabolism (see comment above).

Table 2A-2. Surface Water EECs for the Maximum Proposed New Uses of Flutriafol with the 

GENEEC2 model 

Crop or Crop Group 

Maximum Single 

Application Rate (lb 

a.i./A); MRI* 

Peak 21-day 60-day Annual 

Mean 

(μg/L) 

All uses except Grain Sorghum and Cotton 4 apps @ 0.114; 7d 18.62 17.08 14.51 12.89 

Grain sorghum 2 apps @ 0.114; 7d 9.39 8.61 7.32 6.50 

Cotton T-Band Appl. 1 app @ 0.260; at plant 6.60 6.05 5.13 4.56 

 Foliar 2 apps @ 0.114; 7d 9.39 8.61 7.32 6.50 

 Combined for 

Cotton 

0.488 15.99 14.66 12.45 11.06 

*MRI: Minimum Reapplication Interval 

 

GENEEC 2 Output for Flutriafol for Proposed New Uses

All Proposed Uses Except for Grain Sorghum and Cotton 
27

Four foliar applications@ 0.114 lb a.i./A 

 RUN No. 1 FOR flutriafol ON leafy veg * INPUT VALUES * 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO-SPRAY INCORP 

 ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 .114( .456) 4 7 322.0 130.0 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0 

 FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED 

 (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND-EFF) (POND) (POND) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 .00 2 N/A .00- .00 49.20 49.20 

 GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY 

 GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 18.62 18.39 17.08 14.51 12.89 

[Grain Sorghum and Foliar Applications to cotton) 

Two foliar applications@ 0.114 lb a.i./A 

 RUN No. 2 FOR flutriafol ON grain sorg * INPUT VALUES * 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO-SPRAY INCORP 

 ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 .114( .228) 2 7 322.0 130.0 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0 

 FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED 

 (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND-EFF) (POND) (POND) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 .00 2 N/A .00- .00 49.20 49.20 

 GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY 

 GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 9.39 9.28 8.61 7.32 6.50 

Cotton 

One T-Band Application @ 0.26 lb a.i./A 

 RUN No. 3 FOR flutriafol ON cotton t-b * INPUT VALUES * 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO-SPRAY INCORP 

 ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN) 
28

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 .260( .260) 1 1 322.0 130.0 GRLOFI( 2.9) .0 1.5 

 FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED 

 (FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND-EFF) (POND) (POND) 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 .00 2 N/A .00- .00 49.20 49.20 

 GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY 

 GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC 

 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 6.60 6.51 6.05 5.13 4.56 

Aquatic Organism RQs Based on GENEEC2 

Based on the GENEEC2 analysis for the proposed new uses of flutriafol, the vascular aquatic plant 

RQ exceeds the listed species LOC for all proposed uses except grain sorghum and cotton. As a 

result, the PRZM/EXAMS output is provided as a refinement to the GENEEC2 results (see 

APPENDIX A-1). The leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), 

cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, and wheat uses account for the 

highest applied rate among the new uses. See Table 3A-2 for the summary of endpoints and RQs 

for each aquatic taxa that was evaluated for these uses. 

Table 3A-2. Summary of Endpoints and RQs Using GENEEC2 for Aquatic Organisms and the Use of 

Flutriafol on All Proposed Uses Except Grain Sorghum and Cotton (4 applications at 0.114 lb 

ai./acre).

Taxon Acute/Chronic Endpoint 

(μg a.i./L) EEC (μg a.i./L) RQ 

Freshwater Fish 

Acute LC50 = 33,000 18.62 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic NOAEC = 4,800 14.51 (60-day) <0.01 

Estuarine/Marine Fish 

Acute LC50 > 72,2001

 18.62 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic No data available N/A N/A 

Freshwater Invertebrate 

Acute EC50 = 67,100 18.62 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic NOAEC = 310 17.08 (21-day) 0.06 

Estuarine/Marine 

Invertebrate 

Acute (mollusk) EC50 = 2,500 18.62 (peak) 0.01 

Acute (mysid) EC50 = 34,900 18.62 (peak) <0.01 

Chronic NOAEC = 160 17.08 (21-day) 0.11 

Aquatic Vascular 

Plants2 Non-listed species EC50 = 780 18.62 (peak) 0.02 
29

Taxon Acute/Chronic Endpoint 

(μg a.i./L) EEC (μg a.i./L) RQ 

Listed species EC05 = 18 18.62 (peak) 1.03 

Aquatic Non-vascular 

Plants2

Non-listed species EC50 = 460 18.62 (peak) 0.04 

Listed species EC05 = 300 18.62 (peak) 0.06 

1

 Because there was no mortality or sublethal effects at the highest treatment levels tested in the acute freshwater fish 

studies submitted, standard definitive RQ values for acute exposure are not calculated. In order to gain a better 

understanding of how the EECs for the maximum proposed flutriafol application rate for cotton relate to the toxicity 

data currently available for estuarine/marine fish, we used the conservative assumption that the highest values tested in 

the studies represent endpoints (i.e., acute: LC50 = 72,200 μg a.i./L). 2

 These RQs are based on data from a formulated product (no TGAI data are currently available for aquatic plants). 

*Value in bold exceeds listed plant LOC (i.e., when EEC/EC05 exceeds 1). 
30

APPENDIX B. T-REX Outputs for the Proposed Uses of Flutriafol 

Part 1. On Leafy Vegetables (Group 4), Brassica (cole) Leafy Vegetables (Group 5), Cucurbit 

Vegetables, Fruiting Vegetables, Strawberries, Tree Nuts, and Wheat 

Upper Bound Kenaga (Dietary Results) 

 

Table B1. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Avian Dose-Based Risk Quotients 

Size 

Class 

(grams) 

Adjuste

d 

LD50 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants 

Fruits/Pods/Seed

s Arthropods Granivore 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

20 388.79 102.5 0.26 46.9 0.12 57.6 0.15 6.40 0.02 40.13 0.10 1.42 <0.01 

100 494.95 58.43 0.12 26.8 0.05 32.9 0.07 3.65 0.01 22.88 0.05 0.81 <0.01 

1000 699.13 26.16 0.04 11.9 0.02 14.7 0.02 1.63 0.00 10.25 0.01 0.36 <0.01 

 

Table B2. Upper Bound Kenaga, Subacute Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients 

LC50 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods 

 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

4062 89.96 0.02 41.2 0.01 50.6 0.01 5.62 0.00 35.24 0.01 

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients 

Table B3. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients 

NOAEC 

(ppm) 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods 

 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

39 89.96 2.30 41.23 1.05 50.60 1.29 5.62 0.14 35.24 0.90 

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients 
31

 

Table B4. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dose-Based Risk Quotients 

Size 

Class 

(grams) 

Adjusted 

LD50 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/See

ds Arthropods Granivore 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

15 393.41 

85.7

7 0.22 39.31 0.10 48.25 0.12 5.36 0.01 

33.594

8 0.09 1.19 <0.01 

35 318.31 

59.2

8 0.19 27.17 0.09 33.35 0.10 3.71 0.01 

23.218

5 0.07 0.82 <0.01 

1000 137.68 

13.7

4 0.10 6.30 0.05 7.73 0.06 0.86 0.01 

5.3832

9 0.04 0.19 <0.01 

 

Table B5. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients 

NOAEC 

(ppm) 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods 

EEC RQ 

EE

C RQ 

EE

C RQ EEC RQ 

EE

C RQ 

240 89.96 0.37 41.2 0.17 50.6 0.21 5.62 0.02 35.2 0.15 

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients 

 

Table B6. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dose-Based Risk Quotients 

Size 

Class 

(grams) 

Adjust

ed 

NOAE

L 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods Granivore 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

15 45.28 85.77 1.89 39.31 0.87 48.25 1.07 5.36 0.12 33.59 0.74 1.19 0.03 

35 36.63 59.28 1.62 27.17 0.74 33.35 0.91 3.71 0.10 23.22 0.63 0.82 0.02 

1000 15.84 13.74 0.87 6.30 0.40 7.73 0.49 0.86 0.05 5.38 0.34 0.19 0.01 
32

Part 2. On Grain Sorghum and on Cotton (i.e., for cotton foliar applications done beyond the planting 

stage; these estimates do not account for T-band or in-furrow applications at planting) 

Upper Bound Kenaga (Dietary Results) 

 

Table B7. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Avian Dose-Based Risk Quotients 

Size 

Class 

(grams) 

Adjusted 

LD50 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants 

Fruits/Pods/Seed

s Arthropods Granivore 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

20 388.79 58.29 0.15 26.7 0.07 32.8 0.08 3.64 0.01 22.83 0.06 0.81 <0.01 

100 494.95 33.24 0.07 15.2 0.03 18.7 0.04 2.08 0.00 13.02 0.03 0.46 <0.01 

1000 699.13 14.88 0.02 6.82 0.01 8.37 0.01 0.93 0.00 5.83 0.01 0.21 <0.01 

 

Table B8. Upper Bound Kenaga, Subacute Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients 

LC50 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods 

 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

4062 51.18 0.01 23.46 0.01 28.79 0.01 3.20 <0.01 20.04 <0.01 

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients 

 

Table B9. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients 

NOAEC 

(ppm) 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods 

 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

39 51.18 1.31 23.46 0.60 28.79 0.73 3.20 0.08 20.04 0.51 

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients 
33

 

Table B10. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dose-Based Risk Quotients 

Size 

Class 

(grams) 

Adjusted 

LD50 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/See

ds Arthropods Granivore 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

15 393.41 48.79 0.12 22.36 0.06 27.45 0.07 3.05 0.01 19.1112 0.05 0.678 <0.01 

35 318.31 33.72 0.11 15.46 0.05 18.97 0.06 2.11 0.01 13.2084 0.04 0.468 <0.01 

1000 137.68 7.82 0.06 3.58 0.03 4.40 0.03 0.49 0.00 3.06241 0.02 0.109 <0.01 

 

Table B11. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients 

NOAEC 

(ppm) 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf 

Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods 

EEC RQ 

EE

C RQ 

EE

C RQ EEC RQ 

EE

C RQ 

240 51.18 0.21 23.5 0.10 28.8 0.12 3.20 0.01 20 0.08 

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients 

 

Table B12. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dose-Based Risk Quotients 

Size 

Class 

(grams) 

Adjust

ed 

NOAE

L 

EECs and RQs 

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/Seeds Arthropods Granivore 

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 

15 45.28 48.79 1.08 22.36 0.49 27.45 0.61 3.05 0.07 19.11 0.42 0.68 0.01 

35 36.63 33.72 0.92 15.46 0.42 18.97 0.52 2.11 0.06 13.21 0.36 0.47 0.01 

1000 15.84 7.82 0.49 3.58 0.23 4.40 0.28 0.49 0.03 3.06 0.19 0.11 0.01 

Part 3. On Cotton 

At Planting: T-band and In-Furrow Application. 

Table B13. LD50 per square foot analysis (T-REX v. 1.5.2) 

LD50 ft-2 

 

wgt class 

(grams) 

Avian 20 0.02 

 100 0.00 

 1000 0.00 

Mammal 15 0.03 

 35 0.01 

 1000 0.00 
34

APPENDIX C. Inputs and Outputs of TerrPlant v. 1.2.2 for Most Proposed Uses (Except the 

Cotton T-band/In-furrow at planting use) 

Table C1. Chemical Identity. 

Chemical Name Flutriafol 

PC code 128940 

Use Most uses (except Cotton T-band/in-furrow at planting) 

Application Method Ground spray 

Application Form Liquid 

Solubility in Water (ppm) 130 

 

Table C2. Input parameters used to derive EECs. 

Input Parameter Symbol Value Units 

Application Rate A 0.114 y 

Incorporation I 1 none 

Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none 

Drift Fraction D 0.05 none 

Table C3. EECs for Flutriafol. Units in y. 

Description Equation EEC 

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0057 

Runoff to semi-aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.057 

Spray drift A*D 0.0057 

Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.0114 

Total for semi-aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.0627 

 

Table C4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in y. 

 Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor 

Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC 

Monocot 0.26 0.26 

Dicot 

 

Table C5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to Flutriafol through runoff and/or spray 

drift.* 

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi-Aquatic Spray Drift 

Monocot non-listed #DIV/0! #DIV/0! <0.1 

Monocot listed #DIV/0! #DIV/0! <0.1 

Dicot non-listed #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 

Dicot listed #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group. 
35

APPENDIX D. Inputs and Outputs of STIR (version 1.0) 

The Screening Tool for Inhalation Risk (STIR v.1.0, November 19, 2010) was used to calculate an 

upper bound estimate of exposure using flutriafol’s vapor pressure (2.03 x 10-8 mmHg) and 

molecular weight (301.3 g/mol) for vapor phase exposure as well as the maximum application rate 

and method of application for spray drift. STIR incorporates results from several toxicity studies 

including acute oral (LD50 179 mg a.i./kg-bw; MRID 47090335) and inhalation (LC50>2.02 mg/L; 

MRID 47090006) rat toxicity endpoints obtained from the “six-pack” of core studies, which are a 

series of six guideline studies that are submitted to the Registration Division of the Office of 

Pesticide Programs for technical and formulated products as well as the most sensitive acute oral 

avian toxicity endpoint (LD50 616 mg a.i./kg-bw; MRID 47090351). Based on the results of the 

STIR model, inhalation exposure alone was not determined to be a potential pathway of concern for 

either avian or mammalian taxa on an acute basis (see results below). 

Input 

Application and Chemical Information 

Enter Chemical Name Flutriafol 

Enter Chemical Use Cotton 

Is the Application a Spray? (enter y or n) y 

If Spray What Type (enter ground or air) ground 

Enter Chemical Molecular Weight (g/mole) 301.3 

Enter Chemical Vapor Pressure (mmHg) 2.03E-08 

Enter Application Rate (lb a.i./acre) 0.26 

Toxicity Properties 

Bird 

Enter Lowest Bird Oral LD50 (mg/kg bw) 616 

Enter Mineau Scaling Factor 1.15 

Enter Tested Bird Weight (kg) 0.43 

Mammal 

Enter Lowest Rat Oral LD50 (mg/kg bw) 179 

Enter Lowest Rat Inhalation LC50 (mg/L) 2.02 

Duration of Rat Inhalation Study (hrs) 4 

Enter Rat Weight (kg) 0.35 

Output 

Results Avian (0.020 kg ) 

Maximum Vapor Concentration in Air at 

Saturation (mg/m3) 3.29E-04 

Maximum 1-hour Vapor Inhalation Dose (mg/kg) 4.14E-05 

Adjusted Inhalation LD50 3.40E+01 

Ratio of Vapor Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50 1.22E-06 Exposure not Likely Significant

Maximum Post-treatment Spray Inhalation Dose 

(mg/kg) 2.75E-02 
36

Ratio of Droplet Inhalation Dose to Adjusted 

Inhalation LD50 8.09E-04 Exposure not Likely Significant

Results Mammalian (0.015 kg ) 

Maximum Vapor Concentration in Air at 

Saturation (mg/m3) 3.29E-04 

Maximum 1-hour Vapor Inhalation Dose (mg/kg) 5.20E-05 

Adjusted Inhalation LD50 1.20E+02 

Ratio of Vapor Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50 4.32E-07 Exposure not Likely Significant

Maximum Post-treatment Spray Inhalation Dose 

(mg/kg) 3.45E-02 

Ratio of Droplet Inhalation Dose to Adjusted 

Inhalation LD50 2.87E-04 Exposure not Likely Significant