T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3.

T he pa ne l una ni m ous l yc onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2). NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON U N I TED STA TES C O U R T O F A PPEA LS FO R TH E N I N TH C I R C U I T ROB E RT M J OHNS ON , P la in tif

f - A p p e lla n t, v. AR NO L D S CH W AR Z E NE GG E R, RO DE RI CK HI CK MAN; AL V AR O C . T RA QU I NA ; T OM L . CA RE Y; HU GH E Y, He a d o f

P h a r ma c y ; NA KU , P h ar m ac i s t i n C h ar ge , D efen d an t s - A p p el l ees. N o. 08- 16014 D. C. No . 2 : 0 6 - CV- 0 0 8 2 1 - M CE EFB ME MORA ND UM *

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e E a s te rn D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia M orr i s on C . E ngl a nd, J r . , D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng

S ubm i tt e d J a nua ry13, 2010 ** S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif

o rn ia B e f o r e : KOZ I NS KI , C h ie f J u d g e , HUG a nd CL I F T ON , C i rcu i tJu d g es.



# FI LED FEB 19 2 010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALSpage 2

W e r e ve r s e the s um m a ryj udgm e nte nt e r e d bythe di s tr i c tc ourti n f a vorof D e f e nda nt s T r a qui naa nd N a ku, a nd w e a f f i rm the s um m a ryj udgm e nti n f a vorof D efen d an tH u g h ey. T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s o r d e rap p e a r s to a c c e p t a s tru e s ta te m e n ts m a d e in decl ar at i on s s ub m i tt ed by D ef endant s thatar e di sput ed by P l ai nt i ff . F or exam pl e, the F i nd i ng s and R ec om m endat i on s ( F & R ) a do pt ed by the di stri ctcourtst at ed that

“ the r e w a s no i nt e rrupt i on of hi s L a c tul os e r e f

i l l s f r om J une 2005 t o O c t obe r29, 2 0 0 5 .” T h e r e w a s , h o w e v e r , c o n f lic tin g e v id e n c e a s to th a t is s u e . T h e F & R s a id tha t“ P l a i nt i f

f di d notf i l e a nyi nm a t e 602 c om pl a i nt s orothe rw i s e c om pl a i n t o a ny o f th e d o c to r s h e r e in ( o rto a n y o n e e ls e ) th a t h is m e d ic a tio n w a s n o t b e in g tim e ly d e liv e r e d a t a n ytim e f

r o m J u n e 2 0 0 5 to O c to b e r2 9 , 2 0 0 5 ( th e d a te th a t e x h ib its in hi s c om pl ai ntsugg es the sl i pp ed i nt o a com a) . ” B uta 602 form i n the re cord s h o w s th a t o n J u ly1 , 2 0 0 5 , P la in tif f c o m p la in e d th a t h e h a d b e e n d e p r iv e d o f h is m e di c a t i on f

orthr e e da y s be c aus e he r a n outon J une 28. S im ila r ly , th e F & R ap p e a r s to r e lyu p o n as ta te m e n t in N a ku ’s d e c la r a tio n to the e f f e c ttha tP l a i nt i f

f ha d a c know l e dge d he r e c e i ve d hi s m e di c a t i on “ l i ke cl ockw ork” fr om June un t i l A ug ust25 , 20 05 . T he decl ar at i on P l ai nt i ff subm i tt ed i n o pp osi t i on t o sum m ary j ud gm entexpl i ci t l y deni es thathe ever made that st at em entt o N aku, and g oes on t o ci t e hi s e ff ort s t o p ursue hi s i nm at e app ea lpage 3

throu gh ou tJune, Jul y, and A ug ustas supp ortfor hi s c on t ent i on thatthere w er e ongoi ng f

a i l ur e s t o pr ovi de hi m w i th the pr e s c r i be d dos a ge of m e di c a t i on. I n the fa ce of such confl i ct i ng evi dence, sum m ary j ud gm entbase d o n the prem i se that P l ai nt i ff w as no ti n fac tdepri ved o f hi s m edi ca t i on s a ft erJune 20 05 w as i napp ropri at e. S um m a ryj udgm e nta l s o appe a r s t o ha ve be e n gr a nt e d ba s e d upon a c o n c lu s io n th a t th e n a m e d D e f e n d a n ts w e r e n o t r e s p o n s ib le f o ra n yin te rru p tio n in P l ai n t i ff’ s m ed i cat i o n . B ased o n th e reco rd , th atw as tru e fo r D efen d an tH u g h ey, so sum m ary j ud gm enti n h erfa vo r w as prop er . W hether thatw as true f or the other defe nd ant s i s am att erof genu i ne di sput e. D r . T r a q u in aw a s th e c h ie f m e d ic a l o f

f ic e ra t C S P S o la n o . I n h is de c l a r a t i on, he ge ne r a l l ydi s c l a i m e d pe r s ona l r e s pons i bi l i tyf orP l a i nt i f

f’ s c a r e , but thatappears t o b e a tl ea stsom ew hati ncon si st entw i th h i s a ckno w l edged rol e a s c h ie f m e d ic a l o f

f ic e ro f th e f a c ility . A s ap r is o n e r , P la in tif f w a s n o t a t lib e rtyto turn t o j ustanyone for m edi ca l care . P re sum abl y s om eone w i thi n the pri son w as re spon si bl e f

or ensuri ng thata pri soner transfe rr ed t o C S P S ol ano from another pr i s on w oul d c ont i nue t o r e c e i ve ne c e s s a rym e di c a t i ons pr e s c r i be d a tthe pr e vi ous fa ci l i ty. In the abse nce of any other i dent i fi ed pers on , i ti s app ropri at e f or P l ai nt i ff t o l oo k t o the chi ef

m edi ca l offi ce r. M oreover, D r. T ra qu i na ac kn ow l edgedpage 4

r e c e iv in g c o rr e s p o n d e n c e f r o m P la in tif

f’s s is te rc o n c e rn in g P la in tif f’s f a ilu r e to re ce i ve pres cr i bed m edi ca t i on re gu l ar l y. D r. T ra qu i na’ s dec l ar at i on says thatas the r e s pons i bl e pr i s on of f i c i a l r e s pondi ng t o P l a i nt i f f’ s S e c ond L e ve l A ppe a l , he le a rn e d th a t P la in tif

f’s n e e d s h a d b e e n “m e t” a n d th a t h e “h a d r e c e iv e d h is m e di c a t i ons , a s or de r e d a nd w i thoutde l ay , s i nc e J une 2005. ” B uttha tS e c ond L evel A pp ea l i ncl ud ed P l ai nt i ff’ s Jul y 1 st at em ent , desc ri bed abo ve, thathe had been w i tho uthi s m edi ca t i on for a tl ea stthree days , st art i ng on June 28 . T he re cord co n tain s e n o u g h to p re se n t a triab le issu e o f f ac t reg ar d in g D r. T ra q u in a’s kn ow l edge abou tand res po nsi bi l i ty f or P l ai nt i ff’ s c ar e. N aku ’ s d ecl arat i o n ack n o w l ed g ed th atsh e w o rk ed atC S P S o l an o as a l i c e ns e d pharm a c i s t , s t a t e d tha ts he i nt e rvi e w e d P l a i nt i f f i n J une a nd A ugus t2005, and sai d thatshe use d h erbestef fort s t o ensure thatP l ai nt i ff’ s pre sc ri pt i on s w er e f i l l e d a nd tha the w oul d aut om a t i c a l l yr e c e i ve the pr ope ra m ountof m e di c a t i on w he n hi s pr e s c r i pt i on ne e de d t o be r e f i l l e d. I f , a s P l a i nt i f

f ha s s t a t e d unde roa th, he s u f f e r e d in te rru p tio n s in h is m e d ic a tio n s u p p ly , th e r e is atr iab le is s u e a s to d efen d an tN aku ’ s resp o n si b i l i ty. F ai l ure t o p rovi de m edi ca t i on t o p re venta l i fe -threa t eni ng cond i t i on m ay a m o u n t to d e lib e r a te in d if f e r e n c e to as e r io u s m e d ic a l n e e d . S e e G ib s o n v . C o u n ty of W a s hoe , 290 F . 3d 1175, 1194 ( 9th C i r . 2002) ; L ope z v. S m i th, 203 F . 3d 1122,page 5

1132 ( 9th C i r . 2000) ( e n ba nc ) ; W a ke f i e l d v. T hom ps on, 177 F . 3d 1160, 1164–65 ( 9 th C ir . 1 9 9 9 ) . T o b e s u r e , it is a ls o p o s s ib le th a t a n ys u c h f a ilu r e d o e s n o t v io la te the E i gh th A m endm enton the fa ct s of apart i cul arsi tuat i on . P roof of m edi ca l m alprac t i ce or even gross negl i gence does notsuff i ce t o est abl i sh a c on st i tut i on al vi ol a t i on. W ood v. H ous e w r i ght , 900 F . 2d 1332, 1334 ( 9th C i r . 1990) . T he c u rr e n t r e c o r d d o e s n o t p e rm it r e s o lu tio n o f th is is s u e o n s u m m aryju d g m e n t. T he di s tr i c tc ourta l s o c onc l ude d tha tP l a i nt i f f f a i l e d t o pr e s e ntage nui ne i s s ue of f a c ta s t o w he the rde f

e nda nt s ’ a l l e ge d i ndi f

f e r e nc e w a s the a c tua l a nd p r o x i m a t e c au s e o f

h i s s u b s e q u e n ts u f

f e r i n g a n d l ap s e i n t o ac o m a . T h e F &R r e lie d o n T r a q u in a ’s a s s e rtio n th a t P la in tif f’s c o m aw a s an a tu r a l r e s u lt o f h is di s e a s e a nd ha d nothi ng t o do w i th the i nt e rrupt i ons i n P l a i nt i f f’ s m e di c a t i on s u p p ly . B u t P la in tif

f’s e v id e n c e s h o w s h e h a d ab n o rm a llyh ig h b lo o d - a m m o n ia le v e ls a t le a s t o n c e w h ile h e c la im s h e w a s n ’t p r o p e r lym e d ic a te d . T h e r e is e vi de nc e i n the r e c or d a ttr i but i ng hi s de t e r i or a t i on t o the i rr e gul a rm e di c a t i on. T he e v id e n c e is a d m is s ib le . F e d . R . E v id . 8 0 3 ( 4 ) , 8 0 5 . T h e r e is ag e n u in e is s u e a s to w hether pl ai nt i ff

w as harm ed by del i bera t e i nd i ff er ence , as di st i ng ui shed fr om an i na dve rt e ntorm e r e l yne gl i ge ntf a i l ur e t o pr ovi de m e di c a l c a r e . J e ttv. P e nne r , 439 F .3 d 1 0 9 1 , 1 0 9 6 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 6 ) .page 6

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orT r a qui naa nd N a ku on pl a i nt i f f’ s E i ghth A m e ndm e nt cl ai m w as there fore i napp ropri at e. E ach si d e t o b ear i t s o w n co st s. AF F I RME D I N P AR T ; RE V E RS E D I N P AR T ; RE MAND E D.