Draft EIS – August 2007 Abbreviations and Acronyms 

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 

ACAMP Alabama Coastal Area Management Program 

ACEC Area of Critical Environmental Concern 

ACNPCP Alabama Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program 

ADEM Alabama Department of Environmental Management 

AFC Alabama Forestry Commission 

AIRFA American Indian Religious Freedom Act 

ANHP Alabama Natural Heritage Program 

ARPA Archaeological Resources Protection Act 

BA Biological Assessment 

BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis 

BLM Bureau of Land Management 

BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics 

BMP Best Management Practice 

BO Biological Opinion 

B.P. Before Present 

CEQ Council on Environmental Quality 

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

CO Carbon Monoxide 

COA Condition of Approval 

CRMP Comprehensive Resource Management Plan 

CSU Controlled Surface Use 

CWA Clean Water Act 

CWCS Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy 

CZM Coastal Zone Management 

DMR Department of Marine Resources 

DoD Department of Defense 

EA Environmental Analysis 

EIS Environmental Impact Statement 

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 

ERMA Extensive Recreation Management Area 

ESA Endangered Species Act 

FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 

FLPMA Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 

FMO Federal Mineral Ownership 

FPC Federal Power Commission 

FRL Fractional 

GAP Gap Analysis Program 

GIS Geographic Information Systems 

GSA Geological Survey of Alabama 

JFO Jackson Field Office (BLM) 

LBA Lease by Application 

mcf thousand cubic feet 

MDEQ Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality 

MFC Mississippi Forestry Commission 

MNHP Mississippi Natural Heritage Program 

MOU Memorandum of Understanding 

MSCZMP Mississippi Coastal Zone Management Program 

Alabama and Mississippi RMP Acronyms-1 
Abbreviations and Acronyms Draft EIS – August 2007 

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards 

NAGPRA Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act 

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 

NHPA National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended 

NLCD National Land Cover Data 

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide 

NOX Nitrogen Oxides 

NOA Notice of Availability 

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

NOI Notice of Intent 

NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System 

NPS National Park Service 

NRCS National Resources Conservation Service 

NRHP National Register of Historic Places 

NRI National Resources Inventory 

NSO No Surface Occupancy 

NWI National Wetland Inventory 

NWR National Wildlife Refuge 

O3 Ozone 

PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl 

PM2.5 Particulate Matter (less than 2.5 microns in diameter) 

PM10 Particulate Matter (less than 10 microns in diameter) 

ppm parts per million 

PSD Prevention of Significant Deterioration 

R&PP Recreation and Public Purposes Act 

RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 

RFDS Reasonably Foreseeable Development Scenario 

RMP Resource Management Plan 

ROD Record of Decision 

ROW Right-of-Way 

ROWs Rights-of-Way 

S-1 BLM Eastern States Sensitive Species Designated as “Critically Imperiled” 

S-2 BLM Eastern States Sensitive Species Designated as “Imperiled” 

SARA Superfund Amendment Reauthorization Act 

SHPO State Historic Preservation Office 

SIP State Implementation Plan (Air Quality) 

SO2 Sulfur Dioxide 

SRMA Special Recreation Management Area 

TDS Total Dissolved Solids 

TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act 

TVA Tennessee Valley Authority 

USC United States Code 

USFS U. S. Forest Service 

USFWS U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service 

USGS U. S. Geological Survey 

VOC Volatile Organic Compound 

VRM Visual Resource Management 

WUI Wildland-Urban Interface 

Acronyms-2 Alabama and Mississippi RMP 
Draft EIS – August 2007 Glossary 

GLOSSARY 

Activity Plan. A site-specific plan for the management of one or more resources, e.g., allotment 

management plan or habitat management plan. Activity plans provide the additional detail necessary to 

implement decisions made in the Resource Management Plan. 

Administrative Use. Official use related to management and resources of the public lands by Federal, 

State or local governments or non-official use sanctioned by an appropriate authorization instrument, 

such as right-of-way, permit, lease, or maintenance agreement. 

Aquifer. A geologic formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that contains sufficient 

saturated, permeable material to be able to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs. 

Archaeological Site. Geographic locale containing structures, artifacts, material remains, and/or other 

evidence(s) of past human activity. 

Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC). An area within the pubic lands where special 

management attention is required to protect and prevent irreparable damage to important historic, 

cultural, or scenic values, fish and wildlife resources or other natural systems or processes, or to protect 

life and safety from natural hazards. 

Attainment Area. Any area not meeting Ambient Air Quality Standards and designated as such by 17­

275.410 F.A.C. 

Candidate Species. Candidate species are any species not yet officially listed, but which are undergoing 

a status review or are proposed for listing according to Federal Register notices published by the 

Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Commerce. 

Closed. Designated areas, routes, roads and trails where OHV use is permanently or temporarily 

prohibited. Use by emergency vehicles is allowed. 

Collocate. To set side-by-side. 

Controlled Surface Use (CSU). A fluid minerals leasing constraint under which use and occupancy is 

allowed (unless restricted by another stipulation), but identified resource values require special 

operational limitations that may modify lease rights. 

Critical Habitat. Any habitat, which if lost, would appreciably decrease the likelihood of the survival 

and recovery of a threatened or endangered species, or a distinct segment of its population. Critical 

habitat may represent any portion of the present habitat of a listed species and may include additional 

areas for reasonable population expansion. Critical habitat must be officially designated by the USFWS 

or the National Marine Fisheries Services. 

Cultural Resource. The fragile and nonrenewable remains of human activity, occupation, or endeavor 

reflected in districts, sites, structures, buildings, objects, artifacts, ruins, works of art, architecture, and 

natural features that were of importance in human events. These resources consist of (1) physical 

remains, (2) areas where significant human events occurred even though evidence of the event no 

longer remains, and (3) the environment immediately surrounding the resource. 

Alabama and Mississippi RMP Glossary-1 
Glossary Draft EIS – August 2007 

Cumulative Impact. The impact on the environment which results from the incremental impact of the 

action when added to past, present, and reasonable foreseeable future actions regardless of what agency 

(federal or non-federal) or person undertakes such other actions. Cumulative impacts can result from 

individually minor but collectively significant actions taking place over a period of time. 

Disposal. Transfer of ownership of a tract of public land from the United States to another party. 

Dune Walkover. A raised walkway constructed for the purpose of protecting the beach and dune system 

between mean high tide and the construction control line from damage that may result from anticipated 

pedestrian traffic to the beach and which is no more than six feet in width, constructed without roof or 

walls, elevated at least one foot above the dune, and extends seaward of the seaward vegetation line. 

Endangered Species. Any species formally recognized by the USFWS as in danger of extinction 

throughout all or a significant portion of its range. 

Endangered Species. Any species formally recognized by the USFWS as in danger of extinction 

throughout all or a significant portion of its range. 

Extensive Recreation Management Area (ERMA). A public lands unit identified in land use plans 

containing all acreage not identified as an Special Recreation Management Area (SRMA). Recreation 

Management Actions within an ERMA are limited to only those of a custodial nature. 

Fault traps. An oil or gas trap in which the closure results from the presence of one or more faults. 

Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (FLPMA). Public Law 94-579, which gives the 

BLM legal authority to establish public land policy, to establish guidelines for administering such 

policy, and to provide for the management, protection, development, and enhancement of public land. 

Federal Mineral Ownership (FMO). Lands on which either the entire mineral estate or certain mineral 

rights are owned by the federal government. 

Flooding. The temporary covering of the soil surface by water from any source. Shallow water standing 

during or shortly following rain is excluded from the definition of flooding. Marshes and swamps are 

excluded from the definition of flooding because water is more than a temporary covering. 

Groundwater. Water within the earth that supplies wells and springs. 

Habitat. A specific set of physical conditions that surround a single species, a group of species, or a large 

community. In wildlife management, the major components of habitat are considered to be food, water, 

cover, and living space. 

Herbaceous. A plant with little or no woody tissue that dies back at the end of the growing season. 

Historic. Refers to period wherein non-Native cultural activities, based primarily upon European roots, 

take place and having no origin in traditional Native American culture(s). 

Hydrocarbons. Organic chemical compounds of hydrogen and carbon atoms that form the basis of all 

petroleum products, including oil and gas. 

Interdisciplinary. Characterized by interactive participation or cooperation of two or more disciplines or 

fields of study. 

Glossary-2 Alabama and Mississippi RMP 
Draft EIS – August 2007 Glossary 

Intermittent Stream. A stream that does not flow year round but has some association with ground water 

for surface or subsurface flows. 

Leasable Minerals. Those minerals or materials that can be leased. 

Lease (Mineral). A contract between an owner of mineral rights and another, granting the latter the right 

to search for and produce gas, hydrocarbons, or other mineral substances upon payment of an agreedupon rental and royalties based on production. 

Lease Notice. Provides more detailed information concerning limitations that already exist in law, lease 

terms, regulations, or operational orders. A lease notice also addresses special items the lessee would 

consider when planning operations, but does not impose new or additional restrictions. 

Lease Stipulation. A modification of the terms and conditions on a standard lease form at the time of the 

lease sale. (See also No Surface Occupancy, Controlled Surface Use and Seasonal Limitation.) 

Limited OHV area. An area restricted at certain times, in certain areas, and(or) to certain vehicular use. 

These restrictions may be of any type, but can generally be accommodated within the following type of 

categories: Numbers of vehicles; types of vehicles; time or season of vehicle use; permitted use only; 

use on existing roads and trails; use on designated roads and trails; and other restrictions (from BLM 

National Management Strategy for OHV Use on Public Lands). 

Locatable Minerals. Minerals or materials subject to disposal and development through the Mining Law 

of 1872, (as amended). Generally includes metallic minerals such as gold and silver and other materials 

not subject to lease or sale (such as some bentonites, limestone, talc, and some zeolites). 

Mesic. Related to conditions of moderate moisture or water supply. Used to describe organisms 

occupying moist habitats. 

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969. Public Law 91-190, which established 

environmental policy for the nation. Among other items, NEPA requires federal agencies to consider 

environmental values in decision-making processes. 

National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). A register of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and 

objects, significant in American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture, established by the 

National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and maintained by the Secretary of the Interior. 

No Surface Occupancy (NSO). A fluid minerals leasing constraint that prohibits occupancy or 

disturbance on all or part of the lease surface to protect special values or uses. Lessees may exploit the 

fluid mineral resources under the leases restricted by this constraint through use of directional drilling 

from sites outside the NSO area. 

Non-attainment Area. Any area not meeting Ambient Air Quality Standards and designated as such by 

17-275.410 F.A.C. 

Occurrence. A specific record of a single or group of plant or animal species. 

Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV). This term replaces “off-road vehicle (ORV)”, and means any motorized 

vehicle capable of or designed for travel on or immediately over land, water, or other natural terrain. 

Alabama and Mississippi RMP Glossary-3 
Glossary Draft EIS – August 2007 

Open. Designated areas, routes, roads, and trails where unrestricted OHV use may occur (subject to 

operating regulations and vehicle standards set forth in BLM Manuals 8341 and 8343 and 161.053 and 

161.58 F.A.C.). 

Prehistoric. Refers to period wherein Native American cultural activities took place which were not yet 

influenced by contact with historic non-native cultures. 

Prime Farmland. Prime farmland is land that has the best combination of physical and chemical 

characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops, and is available for these uses 

(the land could be cropland, pastureland, rangeland, forest land, or other land, but not urban built-up 

land or water). 

Public Domain. Public lands which were originally (that is upon the admittance of a state to the United 

States) owned the federal government and have since that time remained in continuous federal 

ownership. 

Public Domain Leases. Federal mineral leases of mineral interests which were originally (that is upon 

the admittance of a state to the United States) owned the federal government and have since that time 

remained in continuous federal ownership. 

Public Lands. Any land and interest in land owned by the United States that are administered by the 

Secretary of the Interior through the Bureau of Land Management, without regard to how the United 

States acquired ownership, except for (1) lands located on the Outer Continental Shelf, and (2) lands 

held for the benefit of Indians, Aleuts, and Eskimos. Includes public domain and acquired lands. 

Reasonably Foreseeable Development (RFD). A description of anticipated future development of 

minerals or other resources, used as a basis for assessing the environmental impacts of RMP decisions. 

Reserved Lands. Federal lands that are dedicated or set aside for a specific public purpose or program 

and that are, therefore, generally not subject to disposition under the operation of all of the public land 

laws. (See also Withdrawal.) 

Recreation and Public Purposes (R&PP). Refers to both the Recreation and Public Purposes Act (43 U. 

S.C. 869(a)) and the uses to be made of public land transferred under the act. The objective of the 

R&PP Act is to meet the needs of state and local government agencies and nonprofit organizations by 

leasing or conveying public land required for recreation and public purposes uses. Examples of uses 

made of R&PP lands are parks, schools, religious facilities, and camps for youth groups. Transfer of 

land ownership under the provisions of R&PP Act is referred to as R&PP conveyance. 

Right-of-Way. The public or federal land authorized to be used or occupied pursuant to a right-of-way 

grant. 

Right-of-Way Grant. A document authorizing the use of public or federal lands for the construction, 

operation, maintenance, and termination of a project (e.g., utility line, road). 

Riparian. Situated on or pertaining to the bank of a river, stream, or other body of water. Normally used 

to refer to the plants of all types that grow rooted in the water table of streams, ponds, and springs. 

Riparian Area. Riparian areas are a form of wetland transition between permanently saturated wetlands 

and upland areas. These areas exhibit vegetation or physical characteristics reflective of permanent 

Glossary-4 Alabama and Mississippi RMP 
Draft EIS – August 2007 Glossary 

surface or subsurface water influence. Excluded are such sites as ephemeral streams or washes that do 

not exhibit the presence of vegetation dependent upon free water in the soil. 

Salable Minerals. Minerals that may be sold under the Material Sale Act of 1947, as amended. Included 

are common varieties of sand, stone, gravel, and clay. 

Scoping Process. An early and public process for determining the nature, significance, and range of 

issues to be addressed related to a proposed action. 

Seasonal Limitation. A fluid minerals leasing constraint that prohibits surface use during specified time 

periods to protect identified resource values. The constraint does not apply to the operation and 

maintenance of production facilities unless analysis demonstrates that such constraints are needed and 

that less stringent, project- specific constraints would be insufficient. 

Sensitive Species. See Special Status Species. 

Significance. A high degree of importance as indicated by either quantitative measurements or qualitative 

judgments. Significance may be determined by evaluating characteristics pertaining to location extent, 

consequences, and duration. 

Soil Association. A mapping unit used on general soil maps in which two or more defined taxonomic 

units occurring together in a characteristic pattern are combined because the scale of the map or the 

purpose for which it is being made does not require delineation of the individual soils. 

Special Recreation Management Area (SRMA). An area where special management or intensive 

recreation management is needed. Recreation activity plans are required, and greater managerial 

investment in facilities or supervision can be anticipated. 

Special Status Species. All Federal and state-listed, species proposed or candidates for Federal or state 

listing, and those species identified by BLM as sensitive species. BLM Eastern States policy designates 

as “BLM sensitive” those additional species that are considered to be critically imperiled (S-1) or 

imperiled (S-2) by the state Natural Heritage programs. 

Species of Concern. Species that are not yet listed as endangered or threatened, but that are undergoing a 

status review. This may include species whose populations are consistently and widely dispersed or 

whose ranges are restricted to a few localities, so that any major habitat change could lead to extinction. 

A species that is particularly sensitive to some external disturbance factors. 

Split-Estate Lands. A given land area where the surface and mineral estates are in different ownerships. 

Most often split-estate areas occur where the surface is owned by private individuals, corporations, or 

groups or by state or local government, and the minerals are federally owned. 

Surface Managing Agency. An agency of the federal government which has the primary responsibility 

for management of a particular are of land, such as the Forest Service, National Park Service, the Navy, 

Air Force, or the BLM. 

Surficial. Pertaining to or lying in or on a surface; the surface of the earth; e.g. “surficial weathering” of a 

rock, or a “surficial structure” formed by creep. 

Surficial Aquifer. These aquifers consist of sand and shell deposits with uppermost layers contiguous 

with the land surface. 

Alabama and Mississippi RMP Glossary-5 
Glossary Draft EIS – August 2007 

Threatened Species. Any species formally recognized by the USFWS as likely to become an endangered 

species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. 

Unique Farmland. Unique farmland is land other than prime farmland that is used for the production of 

specific high value food and other fiber crops. It has the special combination of soil quality, location, 

growing season, and moisture supply needed to economically produce sustained high quality and/or 

high yields of a specific crop when treated and managed according to acceptable farming methods. 

Examples of such crops are citrus, tree nuts, olives, cranberries, fruit, and vegetables. 

Valid Existing Rights. Legal “rights” or interest that are associated to a land or mineral estate and that 

cannot be divested from the estate until that interest expires or is relinquished. Lands within the 

decision area are subject to various authorizations, some giving “rights” to the holders and some of 

which could be construed as providing valid, but lesser, interests. Valid existing rights are established 

by various laws, leases, and filings under Federal law. 

Mineral: Authorizations for activities on existing mineral leases and mining claims are governed by valid 

existing rights. Valid existing rights vary from case to case with respect to oil and gas leases, mineral 

leases, and mining claims, but generally involve rights to explore, develop, and produce within the 

constraints of laws, regulations, and policies at the time the lease/claim was established or authorized. 

Non-Mineral: There are other situations, unrelated to minerals, in which BLM has authorized some use of 

public land or has conveyed some limited interest in public land. The authorization may be valid and 

existing and may convey some “right” or interest. Many rights of way, easements, and leases granted on 

public land are this type of valid existing right. These types vary from case to case, but the details of 

each one are specified in the authorizing document. Valid and existing authorizations of this type would 

continue to be allowed subject to the terms and conditions of the authorizing document. 

Access: The presence of non-federal land within the decision area has implications for valid existing 

rights because owners of non-Federal land surrounded by public land are entitled to reasonable access 

to their land. Reasonable access is defined as access that the Secretary of the Interior deems adequate to 

secure the owner reasonable use and enjoyment of the non-Federal land. Such access is subject to rules 

and regulations governing the administration of public land. In determining reasonable access, the BLM 

has discretion to evaluate and would consider such things as proposed construction methods and 

location, reasonable alternatives, and reasonable terms and conditions as are necessary to protect the 

public interest and resources of the decision area. 

Other: There are a variety of other land use authorizations that do not involve the granting of legal 

“rights” or interests. Outfitter and guide permits are an example. These permits authorize certain uses of 

public land for a specified time, under certain conditions, without conveying a right, title, or interest in 

the land or resources used. If at any time it is determined that an outfitter and guide permit, other such 

permit, or any activities under those permits, are not consistent with the approved Resource 

Management Plan, then the authorization would be adjusted, mitigated, or revoked where legally 

possible. Grazing permits are also in this category. Grazing permits or leases convey no right, title, or 

interest in the land or resources used. Other applicable laws and regulations govern changes to existing 

grazing permits and levels of livestock grazing. 

Visual Resource Management (VRM). The planning, designing, and implementation of management 

objectives for maintaining scenic value and visual quality on public lands. 

Visual Resource Management (VRM) Classes. Visual resource management classes define the degree 

of acceptable visual change within a characteristic landscape. A class is based on the physical and 

Glossary-6 Alabama and Mississippi RMP 
Draft EIS – August 2007 Glossary 

sociological characteristics of any given homogeneous area and serves as a management objective. 

There are four classes. Each class has an objective which prescribes the amount of change allowed in 

the characteristic landscape, as described below: 

Class I: The objective for VRM Class I is to preserve the existing character of the landscape. 

This class provides for natural ecological changes; it does not preclude very limited 

management activity. The level of change to the characteristic landscape should be very low 

and must not attract attention, 

Class II: The objective for VRM Class II is to retain the existing character of the landscape. 

The level of change to the characteristic landscape should be low. Management activities may 

be seen, but should not attract the attention of the casual observer. Any changes must repeat the 

basic elements of form, line, color and texture found in the predominant natural features of the 

characteristic landscape, 

Class III: The objective for VRM Class III is to partially retain the existing character of the 

landscape. The level of change to the characteristic landscape should be moderate. 

Management activities may attract attention but should not dominate the view of the casual 

observer. Any changes should repeat the basic elements of form, line, color and texture found 

in the predominant natural features of the characteristic landscape, and 

Class IV: The objective for VRM Class IV is to provide for management activities which 

require major modification of the existing character of the landscape. The level of change to 

the characteristic landscape can be high. These management activities may dominate the view 

and be the major focus of viewer attention. However, every attempt should be made to 

minimize the impact of these activities through careful location, minimal disturbance, and 

repeating the basic elements of form, line, color and texture found in the predominant natural 

features of the characteristic landscape. 

Warrior Basin. A geologic province comprising parts of the states of Alabama, Mississippi and 

Tennessee, including areas of potential coal and coalbed methane production. 

Black Warrior Basin. The drainage area of the Black Warrior River. 

Wetlands. Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration 

sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation 

typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. 

Withdrawal. Removal or withholding an area of Federal land from settlement, sale, location, or entry, 

under some or all of the general land laws, for the purpose of limiting activities under those laws in 

order to maintain other public values in the area or reserving the area for a particular public purpose or 

program; or transferring jurisdiction over an area of Federal land, other than “property” governed by the 

Federal Property and Administrative Services Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 472) from one department, 

bureau or agency to another department, bureau or agency (from FLPMA, Title 43 Chapter 35 

Subchapter I 1702[j]). 

Woodland. Forest land on which trees are present but form only an open canopy, the intervening areas 

being occupied by lower vegetation. Forest lands which produce or are capable of producing no more 

than 20 cubic feet per acre per year of commercially important tree species. 

Alabama and Mississippi RMP Glossary-7 
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Glossary-8 Alabama and Mississippi RMP 
Draft EIS – August 2007 References 

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References-8 Alabama and Mississippi RMP