National Park Service

U.S. Department of the Interior

Natural Resource Stewardship and Science

Inventory of Fish Species in the Bogachiel, 

Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins, Olympic 

National Park, Washington

Natural Resource Report NPS/NCCN/NRR—2015/955

 

 
ON THE COVER

Top: (left) Federally threatened bull trout captured in Rustler Creek, North Fork Quinault River, Olympic National Park 

(OLYM) during fish inventory; (right) OLYM fisheries technicians conducting fish inventory via backpack electrofishing in 

Rustler Creek, North Fork Quinault River, OLYM.

Middle: Upper Bogachiel River where OLYM fisheries crews inventoried 16 tributaries from June to August, 2002.

Lower: (left) Sam Brenkman conducting snorkel survey in Dosewallips River, OLYM; (right) Rainbow trout captured in Big 

Creek, Quinault River, OLYM during fish inventory.

Photo credits: Olympic National Park Files
Inventory of Fish Species in the Bogachiel, 

Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins, Olympic 

National Park, Washington

Natural Resource Report NPS/NCCN/NRR—2015/955

Samuel J. Brenkman1

, Stephen C. Corbett1, Scott H. Sebring1

1

National Park Service

Olympic National Park

600 East Park Avenue

Port Angeles, Washington 98362

April 2015

U.S. Department of the Interior

National Park Service

Natural Resource Stewardship and Science 

Fort Collins, Colorado
ii

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Please cite this publication as:

Brenkman, S. J., S. C. Corbett, and S. H. Sebring. 2015. Inventory of fish species in the Bogachiel, 

Dosewallips, and Quinault river basins, Olympic National Park, Washington. Natural Resource 

Report NPS/NCCN/NRR—2015/955. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.

NPS 149/128467, April 2015
iii

Contents 

Page

Figures...................................................................................................................................................iv

Tables....................................................................................................................................................iv

Appendices.............................................................................................................................................v

Executive Summary..............................................................................................................................vi

Acknowledgments...............................................................................................................................viii

Introduction............................................................................................................................................1

Study Area .............................................................................................................................................3

Methods..................................................................................................................................................5

Presence and Distribution of Fish Species in Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault 

Basins .............................................................................................................................................5

Relative Abundance of Adult Fishes in Quinault River.................................................................7

Inventory of Fish Pathogens in Elwha Basin .................................................................................7

Results....................................................................................................................................................9

Bogachiel River Basin....................................................................................................................9

Dosewallips River Basin ..............................................................................................................10

Quinault River Basin ....................................................................................................................11

Fish Pathology in Elwha River Basin...........................................................................................15

Discussion............................................................................................................................................17

Bogachiel Basin............................................................................................................................18

Dosewallips Basin ........................................................................................................................18

Quinault Basin..............................................................................................................................18

Elwha Basin..................................................................................................................................19

Literature Cited ....................................................................................................................................20
iv

Figures 

Page

Figure 1. Map of study area in the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins in 

Olympic National Park, Washington. ....................................................................................................3

Figure 2. Fish species were collected at eight sample sites to determine presence or nondetection of pathogens. ..........................................................................................................................8

Figure 3. Number of fish species identified in tributaries to the Bogachiel River based on 

single pass electrofishing from June 17 to August 27, 2002 .................................................................9

Figure 4. Number of fish species detected in tributaries to the Quinault River and the 

main stem river at river kilometer 101 and 108 from June 30 to September 4, 2003..........................13

Figure 5. Relative abundance of native char, mountain whitefish, cutthroat/rainbow trout, 

and largescale sucker from river kilometer 70.8 to 75.6 in the Quinault River based on 

snorkel surveys conducted from May to September, 2003..................................................................14

Figure 6. Relative abundance of adult Chinook salmon, adult coho salmon, and adult 

steelhead trout per river mile (from river kilometer 70.8 to 75.6) in the Quinault River 

based on snorkel surveys conducted from May to September, 2003...................................................15

Tables 

Page

Table 1. List of streams and distances sampled in the 2002 and 2003 fish inventory of the 

Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins. ............................................................................6

Table 2.Fish species observed in tributaries to the Bogachiel River based on 

electrofishing surveys from June 19 to July 26, 2002..........................................................................10

Table 3. Fish species observed in the Dosewallips River Basin based on single pass 

electrofishing surveys conducted from August 12 to 27, 2002............................................................11

Table 4. Fish species observed in the Quinault River Basin based on single pass 

electrofishing surveys conducted from June 30 to September 4, 2003................................................12

Table 5. Results of bacteriology, parasitology, serology, and virology tests of rainbow 

trout, brook trout, and sculpin spp. collected from seven sites located upstream, at, and 

downstream of Lake Mills, Elwha Basin.............................................................................................16
v

Appendices 

Page

Appendix A. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean total lengths in ( ), and 

range of total lengths in the Bogachiel Basin. .....................................................................................22

Appendix B. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean total lengths in ( ), and 

range of total lengths in the Dosewallips Basin...................................................................................23

Appendix C. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean total lengths ( ), and range 

of total lengths in the Quinault Basin...................................................................................................24

Appendix D. List of voucher specimens collected from the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and 

Quinault River Basins..........................................................................................................................26
vi

Executive Summary 

Fish assemblages represent a critical component of biological integrity from both ecosystem and 

public interest perspectives and are good indicators of ecological health. In Olympic National Park 

(OLYM), fish populations are of major recreational, aesthetic, and economic importance and 

contribute to commercial, tribal, and recreational fisheries. Currently, there is little specific 

information related to presence and spatial distributions of fish species throughout the upper portions 

of large watersheds in OLYM. This report summarizes a two-summer effort that included the first 

formal fish surveys in the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins of OLYM. Specific 

objectives of this study were to: 1) determine fish species composition and relative spatial 

distribution in tributaries to each basin during summer low-flow conditions; 2) assess the extent of 

non-native fishes and fish species of concern in the selected basins; and 3) provide baseline 

information to guide future fish monitoring efforts. Secondary objectives were to determine seasonal 

trends in relative abundance of adult fishes in the Quinault River and determine the incidence and 

prevalence of fish pathogens in fish that inhabit the Elwha River Basin.

Single pass electrofishing was conducted in 16 tributaries to the Bogachiel River, 10 tributaries to the 

Dosewallips River, seven locations along the main stem Dosewallips, and in 19 tributaries in the 

Quinault Basin. A total of 13 fish species from three different Families (Salmonidae, Cottidae, and 

Catostomidae) and one Subfamily (Coregoninae) were observed during this study. In the Bogachiel 

Basin, we observed six native fish species from two different families including coho salmon, 

rainbow/steelhead trout, coastal cutthroat trout, riffle sculpin, shorthead sculpin, and torrent sculpin.

Fifteen of 16 tributaries that were sampled in the Bogachiel Basin contained fish, and sculpins were 

observed in 81% of the tributaries. In the Dosewallips Basin, only rainbow trout and non-native 

Eastern brook trout were observed upstream from Dosewallips Falls. We also observed 12 fish 

species from three Families in the Quinault Basin during the summer of 2003 including: Chinook 

salmon, coho salmon, sockeye salmon, native char, steelhead trout, coastal cutthroat trout, mountain 

whitefish, largescale sucker, prickly sculpin, shorthead sculpin, riffle sculpin, and torrent sculpin.

From May to September, 2003, snorkel surveys in a five kilometer (km) reference site revealed: low 

abundances of adult steelhead and adult Chinook; relatively high abundances of mountain whitefish; 

and the first observation of largescale suckers in Park waters. Preliminary results from tests for fish 

pathogens in the Elwha River revealed the presence of low levels of Bacterial-Kidney Disease in 

rainbow trout and brook trout. There was no evidence of bacterial or viral infections in any of more 

than 100 tested fish. 

This fish inventory represents a thorough, yet incomplete, representation of composition and relative 

distributions of fish species in 45 tributaries of three large river basins in OLYM. The detection of 13 

fish species in three river basins was consistent with known distribution patterns for each species. 

The presence of non-native species was limited to observations of Eastern brook trout in the 

Dosewallips River, and native char were only observed in the Quinault Basin. Additional spatial and 

temporal sampling is necessary to document the full species assemblage in each basin. Knowledge of 

these distributions will be essential in the development of future monitoring efforts to detect trends in 

species distribution, frequency of occupancy, and species composition in wadeable streams of 
vii

OLYM. Information related to species occurrence and spatial distributions also is necessary to 

understand ecological interactions among species, to address the extent of non-native fish invasions, 

and to make informed management decisions on fish resources.
viii

Acknowledgments 

This project was funded by the National Park Service. We thank Cheyenne Garcia and Phil Kennedy 

for their assistance with sampling; Katherine Pearson and Molly Hallock verified fish species 

identification; Katherine Beirne assisted in the preparation of map-based graphics (OLYM GIS lab); 

and Roger Peters, Daniel Lantz, and other biologists at U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) 

assisted with snorkel surveys in the Quinault River. We also thank Sonia Mumford and Eric Rowe

(USFWS Fish Health Center, Olympia, Washington) for the analysis of fish samples in the Elwha 

River Basin. George Leite provided useful information related off-trail access in the Quinault.
1

Introduction 

The National Park Service (NPS) is serving an important mandate from the public and scientific 

communities to acquire information regarding the status and health of flora and fauna in national 

parks. Native fish assemblages represent a critical component of biological integrity in park

ecosystems, have a high level of public interest, and are good indicators of ecological health.

Additionally, fish populations that inhabit OLYM are of major recreational, aesthetic, and economic 

importance and contribute to commercial, tribal, and recreational fisheries. OLYM also contains 

some of the last remaining undisturbed habitat throughout the range of numerous species, with the 

spawning habitats of many species found exclusively within the Park.

Currently, there is little specific information related to presence and spatial distributions of fish 

species throughout the upper portions of large watersheds in OLYM. Recently, formal surveys for 

distribution of fish species in OLYM rivers occurred in the Hoh, North Fork Skokomish, and Elwha 

River Basins (Brenkman 1998, Brenkman and Meyer 1999, Adams et al. 1999). Species occurrence 

and spatial distributions are necessary to understand ecological interactions among species, to 

address the extent of non-native fish invasions, and to make informed management decisions on fish 

and aquatic resources. The lack of scientific information on spatial distributions of fish species poses 

several challenges for resource managers, particularly related to compliance under the Endangered 

Species Act, harvest management, and biological diversity issues.

A total of 29 native freshwater fish species have been observed in OLYM rivers, streams, and lakes 

including: five species of Pacific salmon; rainbow/steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss); coastal 

cutthroat trout (O. clarkii clarkii); bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus); Dolly Varden (S. malma); 

longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus); largescale sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus); coastrange 

sculpin (Cottus aleuticus); prickly sculpin (C. asper); shorthead sculpin (C. confusus); riffle sculpin 

(C. gulosus); reticulate sculpin (C. perplexus); torrent sculpin (C. rhotheus); threespine stickleback 

(Gasterosteus aculeatus); western brook lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni); Pacific lamprey (L. 

tridentate); river lamprey (L. ayresi); peamouth (Mylocheilus caurinus); Olympic mudminnow 

(Novumbra hubbsi); pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulteri); mountain whitefish (P. williamsoni); 

northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis); longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae); speckled 

dace (Rhinichthys osculus); and redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus). Additionally, there are six

non-native freshwater fish species known to inhabit OLYM waters that include: American shad 

(Alosa sapidissima); largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides); yellow perch (Perca flavescens); 

Eastern brook trout (S. fontinalis); yellow bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus); Yellowstone (O. clarkii 

bouvieri) and westslope cutthroat trout (O. clarkii lewisi). The presence of the above species is based 

on published and unpublished studies summarized in OLYM fisheries database and in a voucher 

collection stored at Park headquarters in Port Angeles.

In this study, we established baseline inventories of fish populations in the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, 

and Quinault Basins in OLYM. These watersheds were identified as areas of high priority for 

inventories since no formal fish surveys have ever occurred in portions of the basins located in 

OLYM. This report summarizes a two-summer inventory effort designed to determine fish species 
2

occurrences and relative distributions in each basin. The primary objectives of this study were to: 1) 

determine occurrence and relative distribution of fish species in the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and 

Quinault River Basins during summer low-flow conditions; 2) describe the extent of non-native fish 

invasions in the three basins; and 3) provide baseline information that will be used to guide future 

monitoring efforts. The secondary objectives were to determine seasonal trends in relative abundance 

of adult fishes in the Quinault River and determine the occurrence of fish pathogens in salmonids and 

sculpins that inhabit the Elwha River Basin.
3

Study Area

The inventory of fish species focused on three major watersheds and associated tributaries: the 

Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault Basins. The Bogachiel River is located on the western side of 

the Olympic Mountains in Clallam County (Figure 1). The river ultimately forms the Quillayute 

River approximately 19 km from the Pacific Ocean. The Bogachiel River has two major tributaries, 

the Calawah River and the North Fork Bogachiel River. At the confluence with the Calawah, the 

Bogachiel River drains 287 km2

, has a mean annual stream discharge of 30 cubic meters per second 

(cms), and has 540 km of stream in the basin (Phinney and Bucknell 1975, Nelson 1982). Vegetation 

in the Bogachiel River Basin is primarily western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), Sitka spruce (Picea 

sitchensis), western redcedar (Thuja plicata), and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and annual 

precipitation varies from 254 to 356 cm (Nelson 1982). The Bogachiel River is known to contain 

coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), steelhead trout, coastal 

cutthroat trout, lamprey, and unidentified sculpins. However, the distribution of these fish throughout 

the watershed remains unknown, particularly within the boundaries of OLYM.

Figure 1. Map of study area in the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins in Olympic National 

Park, Washington.
4

The Dosewallips River is located on the eastern side of the Olympic Mountains in Jefferson County 

and flows east to the Hood Canal. The Dosewallips watershed drains 243 km2

, has a total of 274 km 

in tributary length, and has two main tributaries that include the West Fork and Silt Creek (Phinney 

and Bucknell 1975). Approximately 65% of the watershed occurs within the boundaries of OLYM 

where vegetation is primarily composed of Douglas fir, western hemlock, and western redcedar 

(Dosewallips Watershed Analysis Team 1998). Annual precipitation in the Dosewallips River basin 

varies from 152 cm near the Hood Canal to 305 cm at the headwaters near Mt. Anderson. 

The lower Dosewallips River located outside of OLYM contains coho salmon, two populations of 

chum salmon (O. keta) that run in the summer and fall, pink salmon (O. gorbuscha), two populations 

of Chinook salmon that run in the summer and fall, coastal cutthroat trout, summer and winter runs 

of steelhead trout, and sculpin species. There are no anadromous fish species in the river upstream 

from Dosewallips Falls (at river kilometer 24.3) where a natural barrier obstructs migration. Little is 

known about fish distribution within the Dosewallips River basin inside OLYM, although rainbow 

trout and Eastern brook trout were introduced into high elevation lakes in the upper basin.

The Quinault River has a total stream length of 137 km and drains 1,808 km2 from the southwestern 

corner of the Olympic Mountains in Grays Harbor and Jefferson Counties. The river is formed by the 

North Fork and East Fork Quinault Rivers. Mean annual river flow at the outlet of Lake Quinault is 

~105 cms. Approximately 51% of the Quinault watershed occurs within the boundaries of OLYM, 

and vegetation is dominated by Sitka spruce, western hemlock, and western redcedar (Quinault River 

Watershed Analysis Team 1999). The Quinault River basin receives an average annual precipitation 

of 370 cm. 

The Quinault River Basin contains one of the most diverse assemblages of native fishes on the 

Olympic Peninsula. The river, including areas outside the Park, contains spring/summer/fall Chinook

salmon, coho salmon, pink salmon, chum salmon, sockeye salmon (O. nerka), winter and summer 

steelhead, bull trout, Dolly Varden, coastal cutthroat trout, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), 

largescale sucker, Eastern brook trout, and several sculpin species (Quinault River Watershed 

Analysis Team 1999; Olympic National Park files). To date, the presence and spatial distribution of 

fishes in the upper Quinault located in OLYM remains unknown.
5

Methods 

Presence and Distribution of Fish Species in Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault 

Basins

In summer 2002 and 2003, a total of 45 tributaries and nine sites on main stem rivers were 

inventoried including 16 tributaries to the Bogachiel, 10 tributaries to the Dosewallips, and 19 

tributaries to Quinault (Table 1). Our goal was to conduct fish inventories in all accessible habitat 

units of the lower portions of named, wadeable tributary streams and confirm species identification in 

each. To determine the presence and spatial distribution of fish species, single pass electrofishing 

was conducted in the Bogachiel and Dosewallips Basins from June 17 to August 27, 2002 and in the 

Quinault Basin from June 30 to September 4, 2003. A two-person team equipped with a Smith-Root 

model 12A backpack electrofishing unit and dip nets proceeded upstream capturing and identifying 

fish. We began each survey at the mouth of a tributary and ascended until we encountered a cascade 

or waterfall greater than 5 m in height or the area became unsafe to survey.

The sampling approach was designed to maximize the number of streams sampled and maximize the 

area surveyed within each stream. The high initial effort to mobilize equipment into remote areas of 

OLYM led us to survey all accessible portions of each stream in the vicinity of the established base 

camp. A more randomized or probabilistic sampling approach would have drastically reduced the 

number of streams or area of streams that were surveyed during each year based on extensive travel 

times to randomly selected sites.

We measured the total lengths of up to 30 fish of each species from each stream and released each 

fish near its point of capture. We estimated the upper capture location for each species by measuring 

elevation using a Suunto altimeter and estimating linear distance from the creek mouth. Global 

Positioning System units proved unsuccessful in attaining satellites in this study because of the steep 

terrain and extensive canopy cover. Upper capture locations were plotted using Geographic 

Information System ArcView 3.3.

Representative specimens of juvenile salmonids and sculpin species were preserved in 95% ethanol 

for identification in the laboratory by NPS biologists and subsequent species verification by 

Katherine Pearson (University of Washington Fish Collection Manager) and Molly Hallock 

(Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife). Preserved specimens were placed in the OLYM fish 

collection with corresponding catalog numbers for future use and to provide a permanent taxonomic 

record (Appendix D). A Section 10(a)(1)(A) permit was obtained from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service for any incidental take of federally threatened bull trout. Additionally, all backpack 

electrofishing occurred in accordance with guidelines written by National Marine Fisheries Service 

(NMFS) and OLYM. All data collected during this study were archived in OLYM’s fisheries 

database that contains parkwide distributions of fish species.
6

Table 1. List of streams and distances sampled in the 2002 and 2003 fish inventory of the Bogachiel, 

Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins.

Stream Name

Estimated Distance 

Sampled (m)

Tributaries to Bogachiel River

Bee 190

Boulevard 200

Camp 300

Cultus 175

Devil Club 295

Fraker 650

Hades 175

Hyak 415

Indian 350

Kloshe 300

Lolo 330

Mosquito 80

Olallie 1500

Sunday 900

Tumwata 750

Warkum 400

Total 7.0 km

Dosewallips River

Dosewallips River 870

Burdick 125

Butler 100

Deception 60

Hawk 100

Pass 410

Slide 100

Station 110

Sunny Brook 110

Twin Creek (Lower) 100

Twin Creek (Upper) 210

Total 2.3 km

Quinault River 378

Big 6019

Bunch 200

Cannings 563

Canoe 1384

Finley 2285

Fire 193

Graves 1690

Higley 563

Howe 1030

Ignar 80

July 241

Kestner 418

Noname 1600

O’Neil 724

Pyrites 2400

Rustler 1690

Slide 418

Success 161

Upper O’Neil 50

Total 22.1 km
7

Relative Abundance of Adult Fishes in Quinault River

To determine presence and seasonal trends in relative abundance of fish species from the Quinault 

River (river kilometer 70.8 to 75.6), NPS and USFWS biologists conducted bi-monthly snorkel 

surveys in the main stem Quinault River from May to September, 2003, at flows of less than 62 cms 

(as measured at USGS gage below Lake Quinault). A total of four divers proceeded downstream 

identifying fish species, estimating fish lengths, and counting numbers of each species. Divers 

positioned themselves near the midline of the wetted channel width and floated through habitat units 

parallel to one another while remaining as motionless as possible. Two divers counted fish from the 

midline to the left bank and two divers counted fish from the midline to the right bank.

Inventory of Fish Pathogens in Elwha Basin

In August, 2003, fish were collected from the Elwha Basin and tested for the presence of bacteria, 

viruses, and external parasites as part of the USFWS Wild Fish Health Survey. We collected rainbow 

trout, brook trout, and sculpin in sections of the main stem river and tributaries located upstream, 

downstream, and draining into Lake Mills (Figure 2). Fish were collected from eight sites including 

four sites downstream from Lake Mills (Griff Creek and Elwha River at river kilometer 17.2, 18.2, 

and 19.3), two sites draining into Lake Mills (Boulder Creek and Cat Creek), and two sites upstream 

from Lake Mills (Long Creek, and Elwha River at river kilometer 29.0). At each sample site, fish 

were euthanized and samples of gill, scales, kidney, and stomach were removed and analyzed at the 

USFWS Fish Health Center in Olympia, Washington. Specifically, laboratory analysis was 

conducted to determine presence or non-detection of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus, Infectious 

Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus, Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Furunculosis (Aeromonas 

salmonicida), Hersinia ruckeri, Bacterial Kidney Disease (Renibacterium salmoninarum), 

Edwarsiella ictaluri, and Whirling Disease (Myxobolus cerebralis) (personal communication, Sonia 

Mumford, USFWS, Lacey, WA). Any positive results for Bacterial Kidney Disease were to be later 

confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Samples were analyzed by species at each sample 

site (i.e. not analyzed by individual). 
8

Figure 2. Fish species were collected at eight sample sites (streams sampled in red) to determine presence or non-detection of pathogens. The 

sample sites are located downstream, adjacent to, and upstream of Lake Mills, Elwha Basin, Olympic National Park.

#

# #

#

#

#Elwha Campground

Elwha Ranger Station

Boulder Creek

Cat Creek

Krause Bottom Long Creek

#Griff Creek

#Elwha Lower Sidechannel

3 0 3 6 Miles

S

N

W E
9

Results 

Bogachiel River Basin

In summer 2002, we sampled a total of 7.0 km in 16 tributaries to the Bogachiel River. A total of 15 

of 16 tributaries to the Bogachiel Basin contained fish (Figure 3). We observed six native fish species 

from two different families (Salmonidae and Cottidae) including coho salmon, rainbow/steelhead 

trout, cutthroat trout, riffle sculpin, torrent sculpin, and shorthead sculpin (Table 2; Appendix A).

Sculpins were the most numerous, detected in 81% of the tributaries, whereas coho salmon and trout 

were detected in fewer tributaries (Table 2). Total lengths of sculpins throughout the watershed 

ranged from 30 to 110 mm (Appendix A). Coho salmon fry were captured at lower elevations near 

tributary confluences and were the most abundant species although they were present in only 56% of 

tributaries. Rainbow trout and cutthroat trout were captured at higher elevations, at greater distances 

from tributary confluences, and were less abundant than coho salmon. Cutthroat trout and rainbow 

trout co-occurred in only three of 16 tributaries, and coho salmon and cutthroat trout co-occurred in 

six of 16 tributaries in the Bogachiel River. Of all the tributaries, only Warkum Creek and Cultus

Creeks did not contain cutthroat trout or rainbow trout. Species richness generally was lower 

upstream from Bee Creek in Camp, Hyak, and Lolo Creeks in the North Fork Bogachiel River.

Figure 3. Number of fish species identified in tributaries (in longitudinal order) to the Bogachiel River 

based on single pass electrofishing from June 17 to August 27, 2002 (river kilometer at confluence with 

main stem river in parentheses).

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Mosquito (38.3)

Devil Club (38.8)

Ollalie (38.9)

Indian (41.4)

Cultus (42.0)

Hades (43.2)

Kloshe (43.2)

Boulevard (45.5)

Warkum (47.2)

Fraker (47.8)

Tumwata (48.0)

Sunday (50.9)

Bee (51.0)

Lolo (60.5)

Hyak (61.0)

Camp (62.8)

Creek Name and Distance from Confluence of 

Bogachiel River (rkm)

Number of fish species identified
10

Table 2.Fish species observed in tributaries to the Bogachiel River based on electrofishing surveys from 

June 19 to July 26, 2002 (X=present; O=not detected).

Tributaries to Bogachiel 

River

Coho 

salmon

Cutthroat 

trout

Rainbow/ 

steelhead trout Sculpin 

Bee O X O Cottus spp.

Boulevard X X O Cottus spp.

Camp * O O O O

Cultus O O O O

Devil Club X X O Cottus spp.

Fraker X O X Cottus gulosus; Cottus spp.

Hades X X O Cottus rhotheus; Cottus spp.

Hyak O O X Cottus confusus; Cottus spp.

Indian O X X Cottus gulosus

Kloshe X X O Cottus spp.

Lolo O O X O

Mosquito O X O Cottus spp.

Olallie X X X Cottus rhotheus; Cottus spp.

Sunday X X X Cottus rhotheus; Cottus spp.

Tumwata X O X Cottus rhotheus; Cottus spp.

Warkum X O O Cottus gulosus; Cottus rhotheus; 

Cottus spp.

Percentage of streams with 

each species

56% 56% 44% 81%

*Unidentified salmonid fry observed

Dosewallips River Basin

In summer 2002, we sampled a total of 2.3 km in 10 tributaries to the Dosewallips River and seven 

sites along the main stem river and preserved a total of six fish (Table 1). Rainbow trout and Eastern 

brook trout accounted for 100% of the fish species captured in the Dosewallips Basin, and no 

sculpins were detected (Table 3; Appendix B). Rainbow trout were observed in 45% of the sites 

surveyed, and brook trout were only detected in the main stem river. The two species co-occurred in 

the main stem Dosewallips River at elevations from 760 to 920 m. We observed brook trout up to an 

elevation of 1,170 m. The range in total lengths of rainbow trout was 25 to 230 mm throughout the 

sample area (Appendix B). The range in total lengths of brook trout in the main stem river was 86 to 

280 mm (Appendix B). Steeper terrain limited sampling distances in the Dosewallips Basin. The 

mean distance sampled in each tributary of the Dosewallips River Basin (143 m) was 1/3 of the 

distance of sampled in the Bogachiel (438 meters) and 1/8 of the distance sampled in the Quinault 

(1,143 m) (Table 1).
11

Table 3. Fish species observed in the Dosewallips River Basin based on single pass electrofishing 

surveys conducted from August 12 to 27, 2002 (X=present; O=not detected).

Dosewallips Basin Rainbow trout Brook trout

Dosewallips River X X

Burdick Creek X O

Butler Creek O O

Deception Creek X O

Hawk Creek O O

Pass Creek X O

Slide Creek O O

Station Creek O O

Sunny Brook Creek X O

Twin Creek (Lower) O O

Twin Creek (Upper) O O

Percentage of streams with each fish species 45% 9%

Quinault River Basin

In 2003, we sampled a total of 22.1 km in 19 tributaries to the Quinault River, three sites in the East 

Fork Quinault River, and one repeated snorkel index reach in the main river. We observed 12 fish 

species from three Families (Salmonidae, Cottidae, and Catostomidae) and one Subfamily 

(Coregoninae) in the Quinault Basin during electrofishing and snorkel surveys including: Chinook 

salmon, coho salmon, sockeye salmon, native char (bull trout/Dolly Varden), rainbow/steelhead 

trout, cutthroat trout, mountain whitefish, largescale sucker, prickly sculpin, shorthead sculpin, riffle 

sculpin, and torrent sculpin (Appendix C). Fish were vouchered for positive species identification 

(Appendix D). We failed to detect fish in only one tributary, Upper O’Neil Creek. Juvenile 

rainbow/steelhead trout were the most frequently detected species (Table 4). Chinook salmon and 

sockeye salmon were the least frequently detected species in the Quinault Basin. Species richness in 

the Quinault Basin was generally greatest in tributaries that were lower in the basin and those that 

drained into Lake Quinault (Figure 4). Native char were found to inhabit some of the larger creeks 

(Graves, O’Neil, Rustler Creeks) and main stem river (East and North Fork Quinault Rivers). 

Largescale sucker, mountain whitefish, and adult steelhead, Chinook, and coho were only detected 

during snorkel surveys in the main stem Quinault River and were not observed in tributaries. The 

number of fish by species and their total lengths (mean and range) may be found in Appendix C.
12

Table 4. Fish species observed in the Quinault River Basin based on single pass electrofishing surveys conducted from June 30 to September 4, 

2003 (X=present; O=not detected, rkm=river kilometer).

Tributaries 

Coho 

salmon

Chinook 

salmon

Sockeye 

salmon

Cutthroat 

trout

Bull Trout / 

Dolly Varden

Rainbow / 

Steelhead trout Sculpin 

Big Creek X X O X O X Cottus rhotheus; C. asper; C. spp.

Bunch Creek O O O X O X Cottus spp.

Cannings Creek X O O X O X Cottus rhotheus, C. confusus; C. spp.

Canoe Creek X O O X O X Cottus confusus; C. spp.

Finley Creek X O O O O X Cottus confusus; C. spp.

Fire Creek O O O O O X O

Graves Creek X O O O X X Cottus rhotheus, C. gulosus, and C. 

confusus

Higley Creek X X O X O X Cottus asper, C. gulosus, C. confusus, C. 

rhotheus, and C. spp.

Howe Creek X O O X O X Cottus rhotheus

Ignar Creek O O O O O X O

July Creek X X X X O X Cottus rhotheus, C. gulosus, C. confusus, 

and C. spp.

Kestner Creek X O O X O X C. gulosus, C. confusus, and C. spp.

Noname Creek O O O O O X O

O’Neil Creek O O O O X X O

Pyrites Creek O O O O O X O

Quinault River (rkm 70.8 to 

75.6) 

Rustler Creek X O O O X X Cottus rhotheus, C. confusus, and C. spp.

Slide Creek O O O X O X O

Success Creek O O O O O X O

Upper O’Neil Creek O O O O O O O

Percentage of streams 

occupied by each species 53% 16% 5% 47% 16% 95% 58%
13

Figure 4. Number of fish species detected in tributaries (in longitudinal order) to the Quinault River (river 

kilometer at confluence with main stem river in parentheses) and the main stem river at river kilometer 

101 and 108 from June 30 to September 4, 2003.

A total of seven fish species were observed during snorkel surveys of the main stem river including: 

adult mountain whitefish, cutthroat trout, adult native char, adult largescale sucker, adult steelhead 

trout, adult Chinook salmon, and juvenile coho salmon (Figures 5 and 6). Mountain whitefish were 

the most frequently observed fish and increased from 24 fish × RKM-1 on June 11 to 257 fish × 

RKM-1 on September 15. We observed seven to 10 native char × RKM-1

. Up to 60 cutthroat/rainbow 

trout × RKM-1 were observed during the late summer and a total of 23 or 24 largescale suckers 

during the survey period from late June to late July. We observed low abundances of adult steelhead 

and adult Chinook salmon on each survey date from May to September (Figure 6).

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Higley (54.0)

Slide (56.1)

July (57.7)

Canoe (58.1)

Kestner (59.7)

Finley (60.8)

Big (67.8)

Bunch (74.3)

Cannings (75.9)

Howe (76.9)

Graves (86.5)

Rustler (88.8)

Fire (91.4)

Success (92.5)

O'Neil (94.7)

Noname (98.4)

Ignar (98.9)

Pyrites (98.9)

Upper O'Neil (101.0)

RKM 101

RKM 108

Creek Name and Distance at Confluence with Quinault 

River (rkm).

Number of fish species identified
14

Figure 5. Relative abundance of native char, mountain whitefish, cutthroat/rainbow trout, and largescale 

sucker from river kilometer 70.8 to 75.6 in the Quinault River based on snorkel surveys conducted from 

May to September, 2003.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

5/15/03 5/30/03 6/14/03 6/29/03 7/14/03 7/29/03 8/13/03 8/28/03 9/12/03 9/27/03

Date

Relative abundance of fish per RKM

Native Char

Mountain Whitefish

Rainbow/ Cutthroat

Largescale Sucker
15

Figure 6. Relative abundance of adult Chinook salmon, adult coho salmon, and adult steelhead trout per 

river mile (from river kilometer 70.8 to 75.6) in the Quinault River based on snorkel surveys conducted 

from May to September, 2003.

Fish Pathology in Elwha River Basin

Preliminary results conducted by USFWS biologists revealed a low prevalence of bacterial, parasitic, 

and viral infestations in rainbow trout, Eastern brook trout, and sculpins in the Elwha River Basin 

(personal communication, Sonia Mumford, USFWS). Results from laboratory analysis of whirling 

disease (Myxobolus cerebralis) were not available for this report. USFWS biologists reported that 

groups of rainbow trout and brook trout tested positive for Bacterial-Kidney Disease (Renibacterium 

salmoninarum) and failed to detect bacteria or viruses in any of more than 100 tested fish (Table 5).

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

5/15/03 5/30/03 6/14/03 6/29/03 7/14/03 7/29/03 8/13/03 8/28/03 9/12/03 9/27/03

Date

Relative abundance of fish per RKM

Adult Chinook

Adult Steelhead

Adult Coho
16

Table 5. Results of bacteriology, parasitology, serology, and virology tests of rainbow trout, brook trout, and sculpin spp. collected from seven 

sites located upstream, at, and downstream of Lake Mills, Elwha Basin (personal communication, Sonia Mumford, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 

Fish Disease Laboratory, Olympia, Washington). Analysis was based on presence or non-detection for each species (e.g. not individual fish) at a 

given site.

Parasitology Serology ●, result positive

Site Date Rainbow Brook Sculpin Rainbow Brook Sculpin ○, result negative

Elwha River/Ranger Station 8/4 ◊, n=2 X X ○, n=2 X X ◊, result pending

Elwha River/Above Culvert 8/4 ◊, n=30 X X ●, n=10 X X X, not captured/tested

Elwha River/Campground 8/4 ◊, n=5 ◊, n=5 ◊, n=1 ●, n=9 ●, n=1 X

Boulder Creek 8/5 ◊, n=12 X ◊, n=12 ●, n=8 X X

Cat Creek 8/5 - 8/6 ◊, n=12 X ◊, n=13 ●, n=6 X X

Krause Bottom 8/6 ◊, n=34 X X ●, n=20 X X

Long Creek 8/7 ◊, n=14 X X ●, n=7 X X

Bacteriology Virology

Site Date Rainbow Brook Sculpin Rainbow Brook Sculpin

Elwha River/Ranger Station 8/4 ○, n=1 X ○, n=1 ○, n=2 X X

Elwha River/Above Culvert 8/4 ○, n=21 X X ○, n=23 X X

Elwha River/Campground 8/4 ○, n=2 ○, n=2 X ○, n=24 ○, n=5 X

Boulder Creek 8/5 ○, n=10 X X ○, n=11 X X

Cat Creek 8/5 - 8/6 ○, n=12 X X ○, n=11 X X

Krause Bottom 8/6 ○, n=29 X X ○, n=32 X X

Long Creek 8/7 ○, n=14 ○, n=14 X ○, n=14 X X

Parasitology target agents: Myxobolus cerebralis

Bacteriology target agents: Aeromonas salmonicida; Yersinia ruckeri

Serology target agents: Renibacterium salmoninarum

Virology target agents: Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus; Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus; Viral hemorrhagic septicemia
17

Discussion 

This fish inventory represents a thorough, yet incomplete, representation of composition and relative 

distributions of fish species in the three large river basins in OLYM. Results from this study 

established baseline inventories and relative spatial distributions of fish species in 45 different 

tributaries to the upper Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault Basins. The sampling schedule for this 

study was limited to two 10-week periods that occurred during periods of summer low flows. The 

detection of 13 different species of fish from three Families during this inventory was consistent with 

known distribution patterns of each species. We documented 37% of the known freshwater fish 

species that inhabit the entire Park. No range extensions or additional non-native species were 

detected when compared to the existing list of fish species known to inhabit OLYM. Information in 

this study may be used to design an aquatic monitoring plan to detect trends in species distribution, 

frequency of occupancy, and richness in large rivers and small streams of OLYM. Information 

related to species occurrence and spatial distributions is also necessary to understand ecological 

interactions among species, to address the extent of non-native fish invasions, and to make informed 

management decisions on fish resources.

The failure to detect other fish species known to inhabit OLYM during this study may be attributed 

to the localized distributions of many species (i.e. endemic mudminnow and many non-natives 

inhabit the Ozette area only), sampling methods, and the limited temporal sampling effort. Also, 

limited access in remote terrain precluded sampling in the upper portions of several tributaries that 

likely contained suitable fish habitat. Additional work during autumn and winter months is necessary 

to determine the total fish species assemblage and associated spatial distributions of migratory 

species such as Pacific salmonids and Pacific lamprey. Prior to the establishment of monitoring 

protocols for small streams, there is a need to develop a more rigorous temporally- and spatiallyexplicit sampling regime designed to detect more species. Specifically, further inventory work should 

occur in West Fork Dosewallips Basin, tributaries to the upper North Fork Quinault River, and other 

unsurveyed basins including the upper portions of the Duckabush, Greywolf, Sol Doc, and Queets 

Rivers.

We detected non-native Eastern brook trout in the main stem Dosewallips River. Additionally, we 

captured brook trout in Elwha Basin during the collection of samples in the disease study. Brook 

trout are native to eastern and northeastern North America. Prior to the establishment of OLYM in 

1938 and extending into the early 1970’s, brook trout were introduced into many backcountry lakes 

of the Park. At a minimum, 51 Park lakes are known to contain introduced fish, and probably many 

more (Olson and Meyer 1994). Eastern brook trout are known to occur in high lakes in the 

Dungeness, Elwha, Hamma Hamma, Hoh, North Fork Skokomish, Sol Duc, and Quinault drainages 

in the Park (OLYM files). There are a number of biological concerns related to brook trout including 

the possibility of hybridization with native Dolly Varden and bull trout. Based on NPS Policy, 

eradication of exotic species should be considered whenever such species threaten Park resources. In 

this study, we also detected the presence of young-of-the-year and adult native char in the main stem 

Quinault, Rustler Creek, Graves Creek, and O’Neil Creek. No native char were detected in the 

Dosewallips and Bogachiel Basins. Bull trout currently are listed as a threatened species under the 
18

Endangered Species Act. Future studies should address the extent and pathways of brook trout 

invasion in Park waters with an emphasis on streams that contain native Dolly Varden and bull trout.

Bogachiel Basin

The six fish species that were observed in the Bogachiel Basin were consistent with distribution of 

fishes found in other coastal Washington rivers. Surveyors failed to detect Chinook salmon, chum 

salmon, and lamprey, all of which are known to occur in the basin. The lack of detection of these 

species presumably was the result of limited seasonal sampling effort and an emphasis on tributary 

streams and not the main stem river. The observations of riffle, torrent, and shorthead sculpins 

provided the first verification of these species in the Bogachiel Basin of OLYM. 

Dosewallips Basin

Rainbow trout and Eastern brook trout were the only fish species detected in the upper Dosewallips 

River Basin despite extensive electrofishing surveys in 10 tributaries and the main stem river.

Generally, there was a lack of suitable fish habitat in the high gradient tributaries that drain into the 

main stem river, and most fish appeared to be limited to the river. No surveys were conducted in the 

West Fork Dosewallips River and Silt Creek. Future survey effort should focus on fish inventories in 

these areas. The non-detection of sculpins in the upper Dosewallips River Basin was unexpected 

based on their ubiquitous distribution throughout streams and rivers on the Olympic Peninsula at 

comparable elevations (OLYM Files; Mongillo and Hallock 1997).

We suggest three ideas that may explain the current distributions of fish in the upper Dosewallips 

River: 1) the formation of Dosewallips Falls occurred prior to the colonization by native fish species 

typically found in other Peninsula drainages; 2) Eastern brook trout and rainbow trout were planted 

into high elevation lakes in the basin and subsequently invaded the river; and 3) a population of 

steelhead trout existed before the formation of Dosewallips Falls, after which time these fish became 

landlocked and persisted as a resident freshwater population. Recent PCA microsatellite analysis 

indicates that rainbow trout collected upstream of Dosewallips Falls are genetically distinct from 

hatchery rainbow trout previously introduced to the Dosewallips Basin and native Pacific Northwest 

rainbow trout (Small 2003). Fisheries management should focus on the conservation of resident 

rainbow trout in the upper Dosewallips River through the elimination of harvest on this species.

Previous angling regulations allowed the removal of two fish over 8 inches in length.

Quinault Basin

Of the three watersheds sampled in 2002 and 2003, the number of fish species was highest in the 

Quinault River Basin. However, we failed to detect chum salmon and sockeye salmon in three creeks 

(Big Creek, Graves Creek, and Bunch Creek) known to contain these species. We suspect that chum 

and sockeye salmon had already emigrated to the river or lake prior to our sampling during summer.

The low numbers of adult steelhead and Chinook observed during snorkel surveys in the river also 

was surprising as we expected to see higher numbers from July to September. The status of summer 

run steelhead remains unknown in Park waters. 

The upper East Fork Quinault River is one of the few areas where bull trout and Dolly Varden exist 

in sympatry (Leary and Allendorf 1997). Further investigation into the life history characteristics in 
19

the upper East Fork Quinault River is necessary to determine genetically distinct populations and 

mechanisms that enable these two species to remain biologically distinct. We also verified four 

different species of sculpin in the Quinault. 

The lower Quinault Basin contains perennial streams that flow under the North Shore Road. In 

particular, Big Creek, Canoe Creek, and Finley Creek contain a diverse range of habitats including 

sections of stream that remain dry for part of the year. We observed at least two species of salmonids 

and multiple age-classes of steelhead trout, cutthroat trout, and sculpins in each of these three 

tributaries. In general, the extent of roads and culverts make lower Quinault Basin tributaries more 

vulnerable to habitat degradation than others. These tributaries to the Quinault are critical to the 

production of anadromous fish, and maintenance of their natural biological, chemical, physical 

characteristics is essential. Future studies should investigate the effects of culverts on movement, 

distribution, and life history diversity of migratory fish in the Quinault River.

Although we sampled a total of 19 Quinault River Basin tributaries, we did not sample tributaries in 

the North Fork Quinault River Basin upstream of Rustler Creek. In order to complete a thorough 

inventory of the Quinault Basin, several tributaries (Wild Rose, Kimta, Geoduck, and Promise 

Creeks) need to be sampled in addition to sites in the upper main stem North Fork Quinault River.

Snorkel surveys provided useful information on the relative abundance of migratory fish species in 

the Quinault and enabled us to detect species or life stages that otherwise would have been difficult 

to sample using backpack electrofishing techniques. One unique finding was the presence of 

largescale suckers in the Quinault River. It is likely that largescale suckers inhabit Lake Quinault and 

portions of the river immediately upstream from the lake. Largescale suckers typically spawn in 

April and May in shallow water along the edges of pools and occasionally along lake shorelines 

(Wydoski and Whitney 1979). This is the first observation of this species in Park waters. 

Elwha Basin

Results from the laboratory analysis revealed a low prevalence of fish pathogens in Elwha fish.

USFWS biologists detected Bacterial-Kidney Disease (BKD) in nearly all groups of salmonids that 

were sampled upstream from Lake Aldwell. However, further analysis via Polymerase Chain 

Reaction is necessary to verify the presence of BKD in the Elwha Basin. The disease is characterized 

by lesions or growths on kidneys and other internal organs of salmonids and may be present in both 

hatchery and wild salmon (Warren 1991). The presence of BKD may have implications for fish 

species that re-colonize the Elwha after the scheduled removal of two dams in 2007.
20

Literature Cited 

Adams, C., R. Reseinbichler, and J. Meyer. 1999. Elwha River ecosystem restoration: potential 

effects of restoration methods—Fisheries investigations. Final report to Olympic National Park, 

Part I. Inventory of resident fishes in the upper Elwha River. U.S. Geological Survey, Western 

Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, Washington.

Brenkman, S. J. 1998. Factors influencing spawning migration of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus)

in the North Fork Skokomish River, Olympic National Park, Washington. Oregon State 

University, Corvallis, Oregon.

Brenkman, S. J., and J. H. Meyer. 1999. Distribution and spawning migration of bull trout 

(Salvelinus confluentus) in the Hoh River Basin, Washington. National Park Service Technical 

Report. Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, Washington.

Dosewallips River Watershed Analysis Team. 1998. Dosewallips River Watershed Analysis.

Unpublished Report. Olympic National Park, Resource Library, Port Angeles, Washington.

Leary, R. F., and F. W. Allendorf. 1997. Genetic confirmation of sympatric bull trout and Dolly 

Varden in western Washington. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 126:715-720.

Mongillo, P., and M. Hallock. 1997. Distribution and habitat of nongame stream fishes on the 

Olympic Peninsula, Washington. State of Washington Technical Report #FRD 97-05.

Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, Washington.

Nelson, L. M. 1982. Streamflow and sediment transport in the Quillayute River Basin. U.S. 

Geological Survey Report #82-627. U.S. Geological Survey, Tacoma, Washington.

Olson, R. W. Jr., and J. H. Meyer. 1994. Survey of non-native fish in selected interior lakes of 

Olympic National Park, 1992-1994. Olympic National Park, Natural Resources Management 

Division, Port Angeles, Washington.

Phinney, L., and P. Bucknell. 1975. A catalog of Washington streams and salmon utilization. Vol. 2, 

Coastal Region. I and E Division, Washington Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington.

Quinault River Watershed Analysis Team. 1999. Unpublished Report. Olympic National Park, 

Resource Library, Port Angeles, Washington.

Small, M. P. 2003. Genetic relationships between hatchery strains of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus 

mykiss, and naturally reproducing populations from the Dosewallips River and Packwood Lake.

Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Genetics Laboratory, Conservation Biology Unit, 

Science Division.

Warren, J. W. 1991. Diseases of hatchery fish. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region, Sixth 

edition. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region, Portland, Oregon.
21

Wydoski, R. S., and R. R. Whitney. 1979. Inland fishes of Washington. University of Washington 

Press, Seattle, Washington.
22

Appendix A. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean total lengths in ( ), and 

range of total lengths in the Bogachiel Basin. All units in mm.

Tributary

Cottus

confusus

Cottus 

gulosus

Cottus 

rhotheus

Unidentified 

sculpin

Oncorhynchus 

clarkii

Oncorhynchus

kisutch

Oncorhynchus

mykiss

Bee O O O 2 (47) 

30-65

8 (78) 

27-160

O O

Boulevard O O O 10 (54) 

40-90

2 (95) 

90-100

5 (45) 

40-50

O

Camp O O O O O O O

Cultus O O O O O O O

Devil Club O O O 9 (56) 

40-75

9 (102) 

80-125

33 (50) 

40-72

O

Fraker O 1 (74) O 2 (65) 

50-80

O 1 (40) 2 (77) 

53-100

Hades O O 1 (80) 3 (67) 

60-70

2 (95) 

90-100

1 (60) O

Hyak 1 (116) O O 2 (105) 

100-110

O O 9 (129) 

85-170

Indian O 1 (36) O 10 (64) 

40-70

14 (78) 

40-130

O 4 (56) 

40-90

Kloshe O O O 3 (72) 

50-85

2 (60) 

40-80

14 (30) 

15-50

O

Lolo O O O O O O 11 (116) 

105-165

Mosquito O O O 3 (58) 

45-70

7 (113) 

100-130

O O

Olallie O O 1 (60) 6 (65) 

40-100

17 (111) 

45-210

22 (47) 

40-70

1 (130)

Sunday O O 1 (70) 10 (48) 

45-50

2 (130) 

80-180

50 (55) 

30-80

1 (90)

Tumwata O O 1 (40) 4 (64) 

30-95

O 4 (35) 

30-50

2 (105) 

100-110

Warkum O 2 (78) 

70-86

2 (46) 

42-59

3 (NA) 

30-100

O 30 (45) 

30-60

O

O=Fish species not detected.
23

Appendix B. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean 

total lengths in ( ), and range of total lengths in the 

Dosewallips Basin. All units in mm.

Tributary Oncorhynchus mykiss Salvelinus fontinalis

Dosewallips River 18 (80) 

25-200

6 (200) 86-280

Burdick 1 (90) O

Butler O O

Deception 1 (230) O

Hawk O O

Pass 12 (125) 

80-200

O

Slide O O

Station O O

Sunny Brook 3 (117) 

80-135

O

Twin Creek (Lower) O O

Twin Creek (Upper) O O

O=Fish species not detected.
24

Appendix C. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean 

total lengths ( ), and range of total lengths in the Quinault 

Basin. All units in mm.

Stream

Catastomus 

macrocheilus

Cottus 

asper

Cottus 

confusus

Cottus 

gulosus

Cottus 

rhotheus

Prosopium 

williamsoni

Quinault River *24 adults O O O O *1,232 fish

Big O 1 (83) O O 1 (41) O

Bunch O O O O O O

Cannings O O 1 (80) O 1 (51) O

Canoe O O 5 (54) 

29-87

O O O

Finley O O 4 (70) 

22-100

O O O

Fire O O O O O O

Graves O O 1 (122) 1 (83) 1 (55) O

Higley O 1 (87) 1 (58) 2 (60) 1 (45) O

Howe O O O O 10 (74) 

53-84

O

Ignar O O O O O O

July O O 1 (81) 2 (48) 2 (39) 

36-42

O

Kestner O O 2 (26) 

24-28

3 (73)

56-89

O O

Noname O O O O O O

O’Neil O O O O O 0 (0)

Pyrites O O O O O O

Rustler O O 4 (61) 

27-94

O 2 (55)

58-58

O

Slide O O O O 30 (97) 

54-168

O

Success O O O O O O

Upper O’Neil O O O O O O

*Represent peak counts from snorkel surveys that occurred from May to September, 2003.

O=Fish species not detected.
25

Appendix C. Summary of the number of fish captured, mean total lengths ( ), and range of total 

lengths in the Quinault Basin. All units in mm. (continued).

Stream

Oncorhynchus 

clarkii O. kisutch O. mykiss O. nerka

O. 

tshawytscha

Bull Trout / 

Dolly Varden

Quinault River *289 fish *1 adult *11 adults O *5 adults *77 adults

Big 1 (164) 82 (43) 

37-52

20 (139) 

95-215

O 1 (61) O

Bunch 9 (77) 

36-181

O 1 (48) O O O

Cannings 10 (109)

97-130

4 (63) 

57-67

17 (76) 

26-156

O O O

Canoe 9 (136) 

78-210

18 (63) 

44-82

31 (75) 

30-119

O O O

Finley O 4 (70) 

62-83

64 (103) 

45-405

O O O

Fire O O 4 (43) 

39-50

O O O

Graves O 2 (58) 

46-69

22 (78)

20-190

O O 1 (203)

Higley 19 (89) 

32-136

19 (53) 

30-83

5 (84) 

39-110

O 1 (61) O

Howe 2 (105) 

104-106

10 (68) 

56-82

16 (116) 

40-182

O O O

Ignar O O 8 (117) 

75-182

O O O

July 8 (97) 

41-117

13 (44) 

29-59

7 (57) 

42-91

1 (41) 3 (45) 

37-54

O

Kestner 19 (98) 

51-163

19 (61) 

42-77

22 (83) 

41-180

O O O

Noname O O 9 (150) 

61-160

O O O

O’Neil O O 12 (71) 

31-106

O O 2 (106) 

44-168

Pyrites O O 5 (83) 

30-145

O O O

Rustler O 15 (75) 

61-92

29 (77) 

44-250

O O 2 (545) 

530*-560

Slide 30 (87) 

54-168

O 9 (59) 

43-107

O O O

Success O O 8 (137) 

78-190

O O O

Upper O’Neil O O O O O O

*Represent peak counts from snorkel surveys that occurred from May to September, 2003.

O=Fish species not detected.
26

Appendix D. List of voucher specimens collected from the 

Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault River Basins.

Accession/

Catalog #

Drainage

Basin Creek Species

Total Length 

(mm) Elevation (m)

595-34475 Bogachiel Bee Oncorhynchus clarkii 28 75

595-33061 Bogachiel Bee Oncorhynchus clarkii 27 85

595-33057 Bogachiel Fraker Cottus gulosus 74 550

595-33053 Bogachiel Fraker Oncorhynchus mykiss 53 550

595-33058 Bogachiel Hyak Cottus confusus 116 175

595-33055 Bogachiel Indian Cottus gulosus 36 40

595-33065 Bogachiel Sunday Oncorhynchus kisutch 72 25-900

595-33052 Bogachiel Sunday Oncorhynchus mykiss 90 475

595-33964 Bogachiel Warkum Cottus gulosus 70 275

595-34479 Bogachiel Warkum Cottus gulosus 86 275

595-33062 Dosewallips mainstem* Oncorhynchus mykiss 96 1625

595-33059 Dosewallips mainstem** Oncorhynchus mykiss 122 1625

595-33073 Dosewallips mainstem Oncorhynchus mykiss 23 2350

595-34536 Dosewallips Pass Creek Oncorhynchus mykiss 103 50

595-33051 Dosewallips mainstem Salvelinus fontinalis 176 2480

595-33077 Dosewallips mainstem Salvelinus fontinalis 86 2480

595-33056 Dosewallips mainstem Salvelinus fontinalis 165 3806

595-33571 Quinault Big Oncorhynchus kisutch 34 276

595-33570 Quinault Big Oncorhynchus kisutch 33 282

595-33572 Quinault Big Cottus asper 76 286

595-33574 Quinault Bunch Oncorhynchus mykiss 48 361

595-33578 Quinault Cannings Oncorhynchus mykiss 26 381

595-33576 Quinault Cannings Oncorhynchus mykiss 34 390

595-33577 Quinault Cannings Cottus confusus 80 482

595-33575 Quinault Cannings Oncorhynchus mykiss 37 594

595-33579 Quinault Canoe Cottus confusus 50 282

595-33580 Quinault Canoe Oncorhynchus mykiss 67 282

595-33581 Quinault Canoe Cottus confusus 87 301

595-33585 Quinault Canoe Oncorhynchus mykiss 50 311

595-33583 Quinault Canoe Cottus confusus 73 324

595-33584 Quinault Canoe Cottus confusus 29 357

595-34476 Quinault Canoe Cottus confusus 31 357

595-33582 Quinault Canoe Oncorhynchus mykiss 61 436

595-33586 Quinault Finley Cottus confusus 64 387

595-33587 Quinault Finley Oncorhynchus mykiss 73 394

595-33588 Quinault Finley Cottus confusus 95 407

595-33589 Quinault Finley Cottus confusus 22 410

595-33590 Quinault Finley Cottus confusus 100 495

595-33591 Quinault Finley Oncorhynchus kisutch 83 495

595-33593 Quinault Graves Oncorhynchus mykiss 42 589

595-33594 Quinault Graves Oncorhynchus mykiss 33 589

* River kilometer 15.8

** River kilometer 15.9
27

Appendix D. List of voucher specimens collected from the Bogachiel, Dosewallips, and Quinault 

River Basins (continued).

Accession/

Catalog #

Drainage

Basin Creek Species

Total Length 

(mm) Elevation

595-33595 Quinault Graves Cottus gulosus 83 589

595-33596 Quinault Graves Oncorhynchus mykiss 39 608

595-33597 Quinault Graves Cottus confusus 122 612

595-33598 Quinault Higley Oncorhynchus 

tshawytscha

61 187

595-33599 Quinault Higley Cottus asper 87 187

595-33601 Quinault Higley Cottus confusus 58 190

595-33602 Quinault Higley Oncorhynchus mykiss 39 203

595-33603 Quinault Higley Cottus gulosus 45 219

595-33604 Quinault Higley Cottus gulosus 75 226

595-33605 Quinault Howe Oncorhynchus mykiss 40 403

595-33606 Quinault Howe Cottus rhotheus 76 409

595-33607 Quinault Howe Oncorhynchus kisutch 75 419

595-33610 Quinault July Oncorhynchus mykiss 42 187

595-33609 Quinault July Oncorhynchus mykiss 42 187

595-34534 Quinault July Oncorhynchus mykiss 56 190

595-33612 Quinault July Oncorhynchus mykiss x

clarkii

96 190

595-33608 Quinault July Oncorhynchus mykiss 43 194

595-33618 Quinault July Cottus gulosus 48 200

595-33616 Quinault July Cottus confusus 81 203

595-33615 Quinault July Cottus gulosus 48 222

595-33619 Quinault Kestner Cottus gulosus 51 350

595-33620 Quinault Kestner Cottus gulosus 85 350

595-33621 Quinault Kestner Oncorhynchus mykiss 53 380

595-33622 Quinault Kestner Cottus gulosus 78 390

595-33623 Quinault Kestner Oncorhynchus mykiss 62 416

595-33624 Quinault Kestner Cottus confusus 28 416

595-34535 Quinault Kestner Cottus confusus 24 416

595-33626 Quinault O'Neil Oncorhynchus mykiss 31 1227

595-33625 Quinault O'Neil Oncorhynchus mykiss 34 1227

595-33627 Quinault Pyrites Oncorhynchus mykiss 37 1437

595-33628 Quinault Pyrites Oncorhynchus mykiss 30 1473

595-33629 Quinault Rustler Cottus rhotheus 52 708

595-33630 Quinault Rustler Cottus confusus 94 717

595-33633 Quinault Rustler Cottus confusus 56 759

595-33632 Quinault Rustler Cottus confusus 66 762

595-33634 Quinault Rustler Cottus confusus 27 762

595-33636 Quinault Slide Oncorhynchus mykiss 54 205

595-33635 Quinault Slide Oncorhynchus mykiss 43 211

595-33637 Quinault Slide Oncorhynchus mykiss 70 272

595-33638 Quinault Slide Oncorhynchus mykiss 46 290

595-33631 Quinault Slide Oncorhynchus mykiss 45 290

595-33592 Quinault Slide Oncorhynchus mykiss 45 290

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