mk.

3

FOR SOUTHERN STATES

ALABAMA

ARKANSAS

FLORIDA

GEORGIA

KENTUCKY

LOUISIANA

MISSISSIPPI

OKLAHOMA

NORTH CAROLINA

SOUTH CAROLINA

TENNESSEE

TEXAS

VIRGINIA

PUERTO RICO UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURE HANDBOOK NO. 115
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.

Pase

4

ILLUSTRATIONS • • • • • • • 5-27

Number

5825

5795

5822

5823

5065

5787

5821

5817

5770

5771

5826

5828

5788

5827

5577

5818

5820

5814

5815

5756

5783

5757

5816

5799

5798

5390

Description

Pis Production Plant, for moderate climates

Central Farrowing House, for hot climates

Central Farrowing House, for hot climates

Central Farrowing House, for moderate climates

One-Pen Hog House, movable

Two-Pen Hog House, movable 10

Two-Pen Hog House, movable 1 "I

Four-Pen Hog House, for hot climates. 12

Single Farrowing House, movable 13

Single Farrowing House, movable 14

One-Pen Hog House with farrowing stall 15

Farrowing Stalls, single or multiple units 1 o

Electric Pig Brooders 1 '

.reep Panels 18

Hog Troughs 19

Small Garbage Cooker 20

Garbage Cooking and Feeding Layout 21

Self-Feeder, 10-bushel capacity 22

Drum-type Self-Feeder, 6-bushel capacity 22

Self-Feeder, 7-bu$hel capacity 23

Breeding Crate 23

Hog Wallow 24

Hog Shades 25

Loading Chute, on skids 26

Loading Chute, on wheels 26

Dipping vat 27

HOW TO ORDER WORKING DRAWINGS. 28

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Qovernment Printing Office, Wasliington 25, D. C—Price 25 cents
Compiled by . . . THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE AND THE FEDERAL EXTENSION

SERVICE, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, IN COOPERATION WITH THE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS

AND THE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICES IN AGRICULTURE

AND HOME ECONOMICS AT THE FOLLOWING COLLEGES AND

UNIVERSITIES.

Alabama Polytechnic Institute Auburn, Ala.

College of Agriculture, University of Arkansas Fayctteville, Ark.

College of Agriculture, University of Florida Gainesville, Fla.

College of Agriculture, University of Georgia Athens, Ga.

University of Kentucky Lexington, Ky.

Louisiana State University University Station,

Baton Rouge, La.

Mississippi State College State College, Miss.

North Carolina State College Raleigh, N. C.

Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College Stillwatcr, Okla.

Clemson Agricultural College Clemson, S. C.

College of Agriculture, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tenn.

Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas College Station, Tex.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute Blacksburg, Va.

University of Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, P. R.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Washington, D. C, February 1957
INTKOOUCTtON

FARM BUILDING PLAN SERVICES are organized in four regions—the South, West, Northeast, and Midwest. These

plan services are conducted cooperatively by the United States Department of Agriculture, the State extension services,

and in some States the agricultural engineering departments of the State agricultural colleges. The best plans for various

types of farm buildings developed by the State colleges or the Department of Agriculture are made available to farmers

through the plan services within the region for which they are suited.

How plans were selected !

The plans illustrated in this publication were selected by a committee representing the State agricultural colleges of

the Southern States listed on page 3. Included are various types of buildings and equipment for hog production. These

plans incorporate the latest research findings and the best available information on the arrangement and construction of

such buildings and equipment.

Plannins for local conditions

The plans shown in this handbook are generally adapted to conditions in the Southern States. A few designs, however,

may not be suitable for particular parts of the region without some modification.

Climatic conditions differ in various parts of the South. Although very cold weather is not usually a serious consideration in the South, some snow and freezing weather may be expected in the northern part of the region and will have an effect

on roof loads and on the depth of foundations. Wind loads are an important consideration, especially in those areas subject

to hurricanes, and will affect the size and fastening of framing members, and the fastening of sills and posts to foundation

walls and piers, especially of larger structures. Soil conditions and rainfall should also be considered in planning foundations.

Before selecting a plan the prospective builder should consult his county agricultural agent. The county agent can

help select the plan and recommend any modifications that may be necessary, owing to local climatic conditions or other

factors.

Many States have additional plans not shown in this publication. The county agent can also give information about

such plans and about bulletins and other material on building construction. Special drawings to meet individual needs

are not ordinarily furnished by the agricultural colleges, although some States provide this service in special cases.

Selection oí materials |

Many of the structures for which plans are shown can be built or covered with a variety of materials. Choice may

depend on availability and prices as well as the skill of local builders. Homegrown timber may be used in the form of

poles, logs, or sawed lumber. Any wood in contact with the ground should be treated with preservatives to give long life,

and poles to be set in the ground should preferably be pressure treated with preservatives. Sawed lumber should be properly

piled and thoroughly seasoned before use.
PIG PRODUCTiOM PLANT

for moderate climates

80-0'

EXERCISE

YARD

26'-0"X24'-0"

lO'-O"

X

l2"-0"

n—I—r

DEVELOPING SHEDS

I I 1

CM

.^. .-t-^-C

I 10*"o" ' ' '

X IPAVED; PENSr

I l2"-0" I I !

-l^.--l

-GUTTER

This efficient production plant consists of a farrowing house and feeding and exercise pen, 8 developing sheds with outdoor pens, each accommodating 2

sows and their litters.

The farrowing house has a 6-foot-wide center alley

with a litter carrier on an overhead track. The 8

farrowing stalls are permanently installed.

This layout is suitable for farms where the plant

will be filled 3 to 6 times each year. Sows are held

in the farrowing stalls about 2 weeks and in the

developing sheds until pigs are about 8 weeks old.

PLAN NO. 5825

(3 SHEETS) _
CENTRAL FARROWtMQ HOUSE

for hot climates

This open-front house has 8 permanent farrowing stalls that

open into paved feed and exercise pens.

The alley arrangement enables the operator to care readily

for the pigs. The partitions between the ouside pens are hinged

so that they can be swung aside and the pens cleaned with a

tractor and blade.

PLAN N0.5795

(2 SHEETS )

LFEEDING PENS

1 is'-o"x e'-o"
•^«^^^k^s

SSjÇiS'? •í.

^r>.^

CENTRAL FAnnOWING HOUSE

for hot climates

The building has 8 pens. The 8 farrowing stalls can be

removed and the space converted into pens if desired. Each

pen will accommodate 2 sows with litters. Additional pens

and stalls can be provided by lengthening the building.

The upper part of the side walls is open except for screening, and the lower half is of concrete block. In case of cold

or rainy weather during farrowing, curtains can be used to

keep the house warm and minimize drafts. Wide eaves also

help protect against rain and keep out sun in hot weather.

PLAN NO. 5822

(2 SHEETS )
CENTRAL FARROWING HOUSE for moderate climates

;

II)/

1f

This closed farrowing house is suitable for the

colder parts of the region.

The 10 farrowing stalls will usually remain in

place but may be removed if desired. Each is

provided with a door so that each sow can be

released to outside pens for feeding and exercise

without having to take her through the central

alley. Each interior pen will accommodate 2

sows with litters.

The walls of this house are finished inside, and

the roof and floor are insulated.

PLAN NO. 5823

(2 SHEETS )
8'-0'

5

-. 1 [J

^

^~p^ FENDERS" L

PLAN

.] :

1

,

' 1 1

ONS'PCN HOG HOUSS

for one sow and litter

This gable-roof, colony-type hog house is simple to construct

and has several good features. One-half of each side of the

roof is hinged so that it can be opened to admit sunlight and

for ventilation. It also simplifies cleaning.

Skids make it easy to move to clean around.

The interior, which is generous in size, is equipped with

fenders to prevent the sow from lying on the pigs.

PLAN NO. 5065

(1 SHEET)

414961 0-57-2
TWO-PEN HOG HOUSS

8 X14 feet

This house will accommodate 1 sow and her litter in each pen.

It is ideal for hot weather, since the front is open and flaps on

the back can also be opened to allow free movement of air

through the house. It also serves as a shade when animals are

not conñned. The front panels are raised to let animals out.

When used as a farrowing house in cold weather, 2 units can

be pushed together and doors added to form a 4-pen closed

house as shown in the sketch at the right.

The house is on skids for easy moving, and it is well braced

against racking.

10

PLAN NO. 5787

( 1 SHEET )

FOUR-PEN HOUSE
This 8- by 12-foot house is equipped with 2 farrowing stalls that are very

effective in saving pigs. These stalls may be removed to provide two 6- by

8-fGot pens. Each pen will accommodate 1 sow and her litter to weaning age.

A large rear-wall panel hinged at the top swings up to permit ventilation

and shade in hot weather. The upper part of the front is equipped with flaps,

every other one of which swings out to provide ventilation and shade and

minimize rain driving in. The alternate naps swing in to admit sunUght in

cool weather.

Exterior-type plywood is used for the walls. This makes the house easy

to build, and stiffens the structure against racking when it is moved.

TWO'PSN HOG HOUSE

( Movable )

PLAN NO. 5821

( 1 SHEET )

11
FOUR-PEN HOG HOUSE

for hot climates

The length of the building may be modified in units of8 feet to

provide for any desired number of pens. Each pen will house1 sow

and her litter. The front is open to the outside pens and flaps at the

top may be adjusted to aid in regulating the amount of sunlight entering

the pens. They also help to keep rain from beating in. Rear-wall

flaps may be opened for additional ventilation.

The floors are concrete, and slope toa gutter outside the pens. The

roof may be corrugated steel painted white or aluminum to reflect the

heat. Fence panels between the outside pens are removable.

PLAN NO. 5817 ( 1 SHEET )

o

"o

(OI

32'. 8"

GUARD

8'-0

' N. rTi N, iTi N—rT I V i'

BROODEF

4- PEN PLAN

12
o

I

SOW

LOT

=li

HOUSE

4' - 0"

PIGS

SiMGLe FARROWiNG HOUSE

( Movable )

This 7- by 7V4-foot farrowing house for 1 sow and Utter has

been successfully used in hot climates. The sides are light

frame construction covered with aluminum or galvanized

steel and may be raised to provide shade and free movement of

air in hot weather.

The sides of the farrowing stall prevent the sow from lying

on the pigs and keep her confined when the sides are open.

PLAN NO. 5770

( 1 SHEET )

'¿•-.i J\„ '.•*^

,i,\.:>. ^-v-.' '

13
SINGLE fARKOWIMG HOUSE ( Movable )

This low-cost 6- by 7-foot farrowing house for 1 sow and litter is satisfactory for warm climates. The sides are open to permit air movement, but

curtains could be used during cold spells to minimize drafts. During farrowing the sow is confined in the stall so that she cannot lie on the pigs.

The house can be built either with or without a wood floor. If the floor

is omitted, 6- by 6-inch wire mesh placed on the earth floor discourages

rooting. The mesh is stapled to the logs at each side to keep it in place.

PLAN NO. 5771

(1 SHEET)

CROSS SECTION

-«- ^t^i^^

14
Ä^iT^

ONE'PEN HOG HOlßSe

with farrowing stall

PLAN NO.5826

(1 SHEET)

This farrowing house, 7 feet wide and 8 feet long, for 1 sow and

litter is useful in either hot or mild climates. The sides open to

allow maximum air movement and to provide shade, but they can

be closed in cold weather.

The sides of the farrowing stalls may be moved to serve as pig

fenders, so that the building can also be used as a developing pen.

The height of the house is sufficient to enable a man to enter

and clean it easily.

The house is on skids for easy m.oving and is well braced against

racking.

The roof and sides are corrugated metal.

15
FARROWING STAUS

Single or multiple units

PLAN NO. 5828

( 1 SHEET )

These sturdy farrowing stalls are pig savers. They are designed for installation

in any suitable building and are built so that they may be taken apart for removal and

storage.

Each unit may be from 4V^ to 5 feet wide and 8 feet long. These widths allow from

IVi to 1 Vz feet of space on both sides of the 2-foot wide sow stall for the little pigs.

Plywood panels are inserted between guides at each end of the stall to confine the

sow. These are far enough back from the ends to allow the pigs to move completely

around the sow.

!''-';--

*"''*"*-.' -- :--"-'

1 ' 1 *| ¡

1 ¡ !

1 , 1 1 ,

' ' 1

1 • ¡

-<"\'

•-,_, .t-7^

[^

V

■■\K

t—Í- Sr". ^ »r-;-!-:.-

Ü.-'

16
>^^*w~ ^^ÄirEL€CTR!C PIG BROODERS

Heat is needed in cold weather to keep little pigs warm,

although the sow does not require supplemental heat.

Two types of brooders that provide this warmth and at

the same time prevent the sow from lying on the pigs are

shown on this plan. They are designed to be built in one

comer of the pen. One of the comers adjacent to the alley

is recommended, since this makes it easier to take care of

the pigs.

The pen-type brooder at the left is open at the top and is

used with an infrared lamp, which provides heat.

The hover-type brooder shown below has a closed top

and is heated by ai) incandescent lamp in a reflector.

Construction details and information on wiring is shown

on the working drawing.

PLAN NO. 5788

( 1 SHEET )

PEN TYPE

HOVER TYPE

17
CRSSP PANELS

A creep equipped with a self-feeder is frequently provided for young pigs when they are

about 3 weeks old. The enclosure should be arranged so that only the small pigs can enter.

This plan shows 8-foot movable panels that can be erected in a fence comer or in the

form of a pen, as shown in the illustration. The enclosures can be made in different sizes to

accommodate the desired number of pigs. [

The feeder shown is Plan 5756 illustrated on page 23.

PLAN NO. 5827

( 1 SHEET )

18
mi

HOG TROUGHS

These simple troughs are especially handy for the

small operator. w

It is desirable to set the trough on a small concrete r

slab to provide a solid bearing and make the area

easy to clean.

The flat-bottom water trough at the left is covered

to prevent the hogs from getting their feet or bodies

into the trough.

The 6- by 10-inch opening should service about 30

head if water is available to them at all times. The

trough should be placed on a solid platform.

PLAN NO. 5577

( 1 SHEET )

19
SMALL GARBAGt COOKSIt

Cooking is the most satisfactory and economical method of

treating raw garbage to protect swine against disease and is required

by law or regulation in most States.

This small direct-fired garbage cooker is suitable for a small

operation or for one using other feeds to supplement the garbage.

It is made of half of a 5 5-gallon oil drum with a hinged metal

cover set on a brick firebox. A small oil burner provides heat. Garbage

should be cooked at 212° F. for 30 minutes.

PLAN NO. 5818 (1 SHEET)
^C2-

«V.>. v.—

*s^ Jïls.>'^'CSu»_a^>? i-âi» -''«f- '^«È« !.*SS!IKSSí3«!SliSiS•«»!» 1

GAUSAGE COOKIMG

AND F€SDiNG LAYOUT

This plan shows an efficient cooking and feeding arrangement that can be adapted to suit the number of hogs being

fed. It is designed for use of a truck fitted with a dumping

chute as shown.

The layout consists of a ramp for dumping garbage from

collection truck into cooking truck, a cooking shed with a

boiler where steam is turned into the load of garbage, and

a drive-through alley 10 feet wide, with a feeding trough in

the center as shown in the sketch at the left. Gates keep

the animals out of the feed alley during filling and cleaning

operations, and serve as pen dividers during feeding. This

trough-feeding design was based on an allowance of 15

inches of trough space per hog to finishing weight.

PLAN NO. 5820

( 1 SHEET )

21
i

SSLF'FSSDSR ( 10-bushel capacity )

for 16 - 24 head

^ The hopper of this feeder is an open-bottom wooden

^ box that is supported by chains.

Movement of the box caused by the feeding hogs

prevents the feed from bridging and aids in keeping

the trough filled. The hinged cover lifts for convenience in filling.

This type of feeder has been used successfully for a

number of years.

PLAN NO. 5814

( 1 SHEET )

/iv*%^.i- '■■

22

DHUM-TYPS SSLfFSSOtR

( 6-busliel capacity ) for 8 -12 head

The hopper of this feeder is an oil drum with the

ends removed. The drum is hung on a pipe that allows

it to swing when hogs are feeding, thus keeping the

feed ñowing into the troughs on both sides.

The top swings open 90° to permit filling.

PLAN NO. 5815

( 1 SHEET) v/;;.—/"' >"
SELF'feED€R ( 7-bushel capacity )

for 8 -12 head

This type of feeder has been popular for manyyears because it minimizes waste and keeps feed

from getting wet.

The hog lifts the flaps when feeding. These fall

back into place when the hog has finished.

A step is provided for the smaller animals.

^ PLAN NO. 5756

( 1 SHEET )

SHSSDtNG CRAT€

It is often difficult to mate large boars to young sows

without the use of a breeding crate.

This homemade crate is easily constructed and can

be provided with head gates for veterinary purposes if

desired. Details of two different headgates are shown

on the working drawings.

PLAN NO. 5783

( 1 SHEET )
3."

.*, *

^ A

á^0(? WALLOW

Many of the hog wallows on farms are unsanitary, unsightly mud holes.

This 10- by 16-foot concrete wallow is very satisfactory and relatively cheap to

build. It takes about 300 gallons of water to fill to a 4-inch depth and is provided with a

drain for cleaning.

It will accommodate 6 to 12 sows, or 15 to 20 200-pound hogs, or 25 to 28 100-pound

hogs at one time.

24

PLAN NO. 5757

( 1 SHEET )
HOG SHAPES

12-x 16-ft.

Shades provide a cheap and effective method of protecting animals

from summer heat and of increasing gains. Allow 12 to 15 square feet

of shade area per hog over 100 pounds.

The permanent shade shown at the left consists of poles set in the

ground and roofed with aluminum, galvanized iron painted white, or

with straw over chicken wire, to reflect heat. If metal roofing is used

painting it black on the underside improves the effectiveness.

The movable shade shown below has a welded pipe frame bolted

to wood skids. Wire crossties keep it from racking when being movedPLAN NO. 5816

( 1 SHEET )

V-V, 25
LOADING CHUTES

PLAN NO. 5799

(1 SHEET)

PLAN N0.5798

( 1 SHEET )

Two types of movable loading chutes are illustrated on this page.

The chute on the left is on skids for moving, but the post and beam support is

set up permanently at points where the chute will be most frequently used.

The chute shown below is mounted on an old wheel and axle assembly for easy

moving from place to place. It has a tow bar that slides under the chute so that

it is out of the way when not in use.

'"U^.

26

I i
23'-0/ r\'i

JiX.

HOLDING PEN

VAT

HOLDING PEN

^ TT

PLAN

A\- 9'-4'

=#

'; A

-#i»

DRAINING

PEN

';. '."•> ,'

; DRAIN ^\ • .;\

es::rT:^gO

OVERFLOW —*\a¿

r«4

CROSS SECTION

THROUGH VAT

CUTAWAY VIEW

OiPPiMG VAT

PLAN NO. 5390

(1 SHEET)

Dipping vats are convenient when a large number of hogs must be

disinfected or treated for lice.

This well-arranged layout includes not only the vat but a draining pen

and two holding pens.

The concrete vat has cleated ramps to prevent hogs slipping. It may be

drained after use.

27
HOW TO ORDER WORKING DRAWINGS

Working drawings for buildings and equipment listed in this publication

may be obtained through the county agent or from the extension agricultural

engineer at the State egricultural colleges in the southern region. In many

of the States there is a nominal charge for these plans.

In ordering plans be sure to give the number of the plan wanted as well

as the title.

If you are unable to obtain working drawings of the plans you want from

your own State college, the name of the nearest State college handling the

plans may be obtained by writing to the U. S. Department of Agriculture,

Farm Buildings Section, Plant Industry Station, Beltsville, Md.

The Department of Agriculture does not distribute working drawings for

any of these plans and can only refer you to one of the State colleges where

they may be obtained.

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OmCE. IS67-<>414961

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