ABRAHAM LINCOLN BIRTHPLACE

MEMORIAL BUILDING

HISTORIC STRUCTURE 

REPORT

Cultural Resources, Southeast Region

National Park Service

2001
Cultural Resources

Southeast Region

National Park Service

100 Alabama St. SW

Atlanta, GA 30303

(404) 562-3117

2001

Historic Structure Report 

Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

Hodgenville, Kentucky

LCS#: 00002

Previous page, Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic 

Site, south elevation of Memorial Building. Photographed in 

1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural 

Resources library.

he historic structure report 

presented here exists in two formats. A traditional, printed version 

is available for study at the park, 

the Southeastern Regional Office of 

the NPS (SERO), and at a variety of 

other repositories. For more widespread access, the historic structure report also exists in a webbased format through the SERO intranet, which includes links to individual files for a variety of 

photographs, documents, plans and 

other material used in compilation 

of the printed report.

Contents

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MANAGEMENT SUMMARY

Executive Summary 1

Administrative Data 5

PART I DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY

Historical Background & Context 7

Initiation of the Memorial, Design, Contractor & 

Construction, Stewardship & Alterations

Chronology of Development & Use 11

Lincoln Farm Association, War Department, 

National Park Service

Physical Description 17

Sources of Information 23

PART II TREATMENT AND USE

Requirements for Treatment & Use 25

Alternatives for Treatment & Use 29

Ultimate Treatment & Use 31

APPENDICES

A Drawings 33

B Photographs 39

C Feature Inventory & Condition 65

 Assessment - Memorial Building
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APPENDICES continued

D Feature Inventory & Condition 93

 Assessment - Cabin

E Curatorial Assessment 101

 & Recommendations - Cabin

F Curatorial Assessment 107

 & Recommendations Amendment- Cabin

G Historic Paint & Finishes Study 109

H Material Information & Preservation 135

I Construction Records 145
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Project Manager Danny Scheidt, Historical Architect

National Park Service

Southeast Regional Office

Atlanta, GA

Document Layout/ Jon Buono, Historical Architect

Intranet Access National Park Service

Southeast Regional Office

Atlanta, GA

Program Reviews Bob Blythe, History

Allen Bohnert, Curatorial & Museum

Services

Lucy Lawliss, Historical Landscape 

Architecture

Danny Scheidt, Historical Architecture

National Park Service

Southeast Regional Office

Atlanta, GA

Materials Analysis Sarah Chase, Preservation Consultant

Lexington, MA

Specialized Investigators Steve Sherwood, Mechanical Engineer

National Park Service

Southeast Regional Office

Atlanta, GA

William Russell, Structural Engineer

Atlanta, GA
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MANAGEMENT SUMMARY

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The Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building, designed by John Russell Pope, was constructed between 

1909 and 1911 by the Lincoln Farm Association. Following donation in 1916, the memorial was managed by the 

War Department until 1933 and then acquired by the National Park Service in 1933. The park was designated a 

National Historic Site in 1959. As the 100th anniversary 

of the Memorial Building approaches, it remains in good 

condition overall.

SITE/LANDSCAPE

The memorial landscape is considered to be all the land 

on the west side of the park that constitutes the original 

Lincoln Farm Association (LFA) purchase, plus the additional land that was purchased to protect the boundary 

oak. Because of the length of time associated with the 

development of this area, as well as the irreversible 

changes to the original landscape, rehabilitation of the 

overall memorial landscape is the recommended treatment approach. However, within the zone immediately 
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around the Memorial Building, limited 

restoration of the Pope landscape is 

recommended. Consult the Cultural 

Landscape Report (CLR) for detailed provisions.

MEMORIAL BUILDING

The present condition of the Abraham 

Lincoln Memorial Building reflects the 

changes accrued over its ninety-year history. Efforts to regulate the building’s interior environment have yielded 

solutions which today seem inappropriate. The total effect of these alterations 

makes for a less appealing experience of 

the traditional Lincoln birthplace. As one 

approaches the building, the focal point 

is no longer the monumental bronze 

doors but rather the glare of a reflective 

glass entrance unit. Inside, this rosetinted glass, along with the stark and unnatural quality of fluorescent light, creates a blur of reflective patterns and 

obscures the cabin’s relation to the original property. From the Memorial’s specific use of glazing, it is clear that the 

building was not conceived to block out 

natural phenomena such as sun and 

shade, but rather to envelope inside the 

monument what was once the domestic 

scene of Lincoln. When entering the Memorial, visitors should not feel that they 

are in a hermetic environment but, 

rather, witnessing an isolated moment in 

time, now bracketed by stone and glass.

Ultimate treatment for the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building should 

be restoration to the 1909-1911 historic 

period. This period of significance relates 

to National Park Service thematic studies 

on the American Public Memorial and the 

Design and Construction of the Lincoln 

Birthplace Memorial.

To restore the building to this period, the 

following will be required:

1. Restore skylight and remove woodframed drop ceiling. Remove non-historic corrugated acrylic panels from 

historic copper ceiling grid and 

replace with flat, frosted panels, similar to original glass.

2. Remove non-historic aluminum door 

systems at both entrances. 

3. Remove non-historic solar film from 

glass.

4. Restore plaster profile on interior 

walls.

5. Paint plaster interior per historic 

period 1909 - 1933.

6. Compose and install four marble 

plaques on north wall, according to 

guidelines initiated in 1959.

7. Redefine engraved text on exterior 

granite panels flanking the front 

(south) entrance.

8. Remove simulated clay floor in cabin 

and resurface concrete floor per 

historic period 1909 - 1911.

9. Remove or redesign ranger desk to 

minimize adverse visual impact to 

historic interior. 

The previous conditions are detailed as 

follows: 

Skylight

The original roof-level pavement lights 

were enclosed under a metal framework 

of wire glass sometime between 1929 

and 1959. In 1959 the skylight was rendered inoperable by the construction of a 

wood-framed drop ceiling which houses 

fifteen fluorescent lights. The original 

glass panes of the copper ceiling light 

were replaced with the present acrylic 

panels. The panels should be replaced 

with a material to resemble the original 
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frosted glass, with appropriate ultraviolet 

filtration and thickness capable of spanning the mullion. The plenum and florescent lights should be removed and the 

skylight repaired, allowing the room to 

be naturally illuminated. Fluorescent or 

spot lights should be mounted along the 

walls above the rooflight to provide a 

secondary light source for cloudy days 

and evening illumination.

Doors

The present aluminum-framed doors 

were added to the building in 1971, presumably to offset use of the large original bronze doors and to better regulate 

environmental conditions. In review, we 

feel that their implementation is not sensitive to the overall design of the Memorial or to the processional experience. 

Problems include disproportionate handles, a visually obstructive aluminum 

frame, and the imposition of a transom 

window against the ornate bronze doors. 

Ideally, we would recommend a return to 

the use of the original doors, but due to 

their cumbersome weight, this option is 

not practical for the accessibility of many 

visitors. We instead recommend replacing the two aluminum entrance units 

with a total glass system and restoring 

the bronze finish on the original doors. A 

total glass system constructed of tempered glass panes would satisfy the 

same requirements as the aluminum 

doors but would have a minimal effect on 

the building’s appearance.

Tinted Glass

The tinting done in 1992 was specified to 

reduce ultraviolet light levels in the Memorial interior, thereby better preserving 

the cabin. This justification differs from 

that stated in the Long Range Interpretive Plan synopsis (April 1999), which 

cites the film as reducing glare for visually impaired visitors. Once the objective 

of controlling the light conditions is understood, an effort should be made to 

find a more appropriate solution. Advances in ultraviolet protection have produced clear films which would neither 

taint the quality of light entering the Memorial nor create reflected surfaces on 

the exterior.

Walls

The surface of the walls must be refinished to remove paint splatter and drip 

from decades of paint applications. This 

is especially problematic along the molding and other articulated surfaces like 

the ceiling rosettes. The walls were last 

repainted in 1992 and had been repainted every seven to ten years. The 

recommendation calls for a return to the 

original earth-tone color scheme. (See 

Paint Study, Appendix G.) 

Plaques

The original Nancy Hanks and Tom Lincoln plaques were covered in 1941 due 

to reported historical inaccuracies in the 

presented information. In 1959 all four 

plaques were removed, as any rededication of the two biographical plaques was 

contingent on the content of the remaining two plaques. From studying the contemporary memorandums, it seems a 

solution which utilizes direct quotations 

instead of historical narratives would be 

most appropriate. These solutions were 

prepared by Lincoln scholars prior to the 

dedication of the visitor center but never 

implemented.

In addition to removal of non-historic intrusions and the reinstallation of historic 
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features, the following are required to insure preservation of the Memorial Building:

EXTERIOR ENVELOPE

1. Clean and restore historic exterior 

finished surfaces (granite, bronze, 

copper). The masonry was last 

repointed in 1985 and is typically 

done every 10 years.

2. Clean, refinish, and stabilize the roof 

access ladder. Rust from the ladder 

has stained the granite surface of the 

Memorial. Consider redesign of the 

harness system, possibly involving a 

pulley. The ladder has been restricted 

since 1990 due to safety concerns.

3. Repair/repoint monumental stairs. 

Major repointing was last performed 

in 1990. 

4. Repair the broken copper mounting 

bracket at downspout on west elevation.

INTERIOR ENVELOPE

1. Clean and repolish marble surfaces.

2. Gently clean bronze wall grilles, 

avoiding verdigris.

ROOF

1. Repair loose and open seams. A roofing consultant should be hired to 

evaluate the condition of the overall 

roofing system. Total replacement of 

roofing may be needed.

2. Repair and restore the skylight 

according to provisions previously 

outlined.

UTILITIES

1. Redirect air flow from the HVAC floormounted supply grille away from the 

cabin to provide more even circulation. The present condition directs 

most of the refreshed air directly into 

the historic return grille mounted on 

the wall. (See Eubank’s 1989 inspection, Appendix I.)

2. As condensation continues to be a 

problem on windows and walls, consider installing Temperature Compensating Humidity Control (TCH). This 

device changes interior humidity levels according to outdoor temperature 

changes. 
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LOCATIONAL DATA

Building Name: Abraham Lincoln Birthplace 

Memorial Building

Building Address: 2995 Lincoln Farm Road, 

 Hodgenville, KY 42748

Park Orgcode: 5540

District Orgcode: 5540

Location: Center of western end of park

County: Larue

REAL PROPERTY INFORMATION

Acquisition Date: 1933

General Ledger Acct Mo: 215

Sf 1166 Number: 6070

Sf 1166 Designation: Visitor Contact

Total Improvement/: $140,163 (known)

Modification Costs

NUMBERING INFORMATION

LCS#: 00002
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SIZE INFORMATION

Total Floor Area: 1772 SF

First Floor Area: 1772 SF

Additional Floor Area: 0 SF

Total Basement Area: 665 SF

Finished Basement Area: 665 SF

Unfinished Basement Area: 0 SF

Roof Area: 1740 SF

Perimeter Length: 170 LF

Number Of Stories: 1

Number Of Rooms: 1

Number Of Bathrooms: 0

BUILDING CODE INFORMATION

Applicable Codes: NFPA 101,

ANSI-All7.1

Occupancy Classification: Assembly

Occupancy Load: 100

Hazard Of Contents: Ordinary

Seismic Zone: 2

Construction Type: Type 11

CULTURAL RESOURCE DATA

National Historic Landmark:No

National Register of Historic Places: 

listed 12/13/1977

Significance Level: National

Significance description: The Memorial 

Building, built with funds raised by the 

Lincoln Farm Association, a nonprofit association of prominent Americans, is nationally significant under NR criteria A 

and C for its associations with the 

themes of Lincoln commemoration and 

architecture.
PART 1 DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY

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Initiation of the Memorial

The Lincoln birthplace farm came to the attention of Robert Collier, publisher of Collier’s magazine, in 1904, when 

he read a newspaper article describing its neglected condition. When the farm was placed at public sale in August 

1905, Collier sent Richard Lloyd Jones, Collier’s editor, to 

purchased the 110-acre property. In the February 10, 

1906, issue of Collier’s, Jones presented the plans of 

the newly-formed Lincoln Farm Association, whose Board 

of Trustees included a number of notable Americans such 

as Samuel Gompers, William H. Taft, Samuel Clemens, 

William Jennings Bryan; James Cardinal Gibbons,Archbishop of Baltimore; Ida Tarbell; and others. With headquarters in New York City, the association proposed to 

“make of Lincoln’s humble birthplace a national shrine, 

and on the one hundredth anniversary of his birth to 

dedicate it to the American people as the abiding symbol 

of the opportunity with which democracy endows its 

men.” The plans called for acquisition of the original birth 

cabin, cleaning and protection of the old spring, erection 

of a monument to Lincoln, construction of a historical 

museum, and better maintenance of the farm.
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Earlier efforts to commemorate the site 

of Lincoln’s home for the first two and a 

half years of his life had failed. Attempts 

by private parties and owners of the 

property to erect a monument or to persuade the state or federal government to 

purchase the farm were unsuccessful. 

The birth cabin itself was removed from 

the farm in 1861 and returned in 1895 in 

time for a nearby encampment of the 

Grand Army of the Republic. In 1897, the 

owner dismantled the cabin for exhibit at 

the Nashville Centennial, after which the 

logs made their way around the country 

to various expositions until the Lincoln 

Farm Association discovered them in a 

basement in Long Island and purchased 

them. The authenticity of the birth cabin 

has been questioned because of its extensive travels and the replacement of 

many of the logs during dismantling and 

reconstruction for display. Investigations 

by the National Park Service and others 

uncovered no conclusive proof of the 

logs’ origin, and the cabin is now referred to as Lincoln’s “traditional” birthplace. 

The Lincoln Farm Association launched a 

fund-raising campaign in 1906 to carry 

out their plans for the Lincoln farm. The 

Association appealed to the general public, limiting donations to $25 for the first 

two years of the drive. The board eliminated the maximum limit in 1908 when 

they calculated that the fund-raising 

costs had totaled more than half the 

amount received. The less-than-successful fund drive prevented the Association 

from dedicating the Memorial Building in 

1909, on the 100th anniversary of Lincoln’s birth, as originally planned. Cornerstone ceremonies, however, were 

held on February 12, with President Theodore Roosevelt in attendance, as well as 

other dignitaries and nearly 8,000 visitors. 

Design

Noted landscape architects Jules Guerin 

and Guy Lowell visited the site in early 

1907 to survey the grounds and make 

recommendations for improvements. In 

April 1907 the Lincoln Farm Association 

Executive Committee instructed trustee 

Thomas Hastings to select a group of architects to be invited to submit plans for 

a Lincoln memorial building design competition. In collaboration with architect 

Charles McKim, Hastings selected architect John Russell Pope.

Born in New York in 1874, John Russell 

Pope studied architecture under William 

R. Ware at Columbia University. He graduated in 1894, at which time he won two 

university awards, one to the American 

Academy in Rome and one for travel. 

During his two year sojourn through Italy and Greece, Pope made measured 

drawings of antique edifices. Late in 

1896, Pope went to Paris, where he attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. He returned to New York in 1900 and 

established an office. 

In June 1907 Pope visited the site to survey the grounds and draft working plans. 

Pope designed the memorial building 

fairly early in his career, and probably received the commission because of his association with McKim. Noted for his 

designs in the classical tradition, Pope’s 

works included colleges, churches, hospitals, monuments, memorials, and private homes. Many of his well-known 

buildings, such as the Jefferson Memorial, the National Archives, and the Na-
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tional Gallery of Art, are found in 

Washington, D.C. Pope’s Pharmaceutical 

Institute building expanded upon design 

elements seen in the Lincoln Memorial 

Building. Pope’s classically-inspired 

buildings are noted for their clear forms 

and grand spirit. Practicing until his 

death in 1937, Pope was the foremost inheritor of McKim’s severe classicism. As 

a result, he earned the title “the last of 

the Romans.” 

Contractor & Construction

Five contractors submitted construction 

bids for building, terracing, and excavation for the memorial. The Norcross 

Brothers Company of Louisville was selected as primary contractor, with a bid 

of $237,101, and began work in November 1907. When the fund-raising efforts 

did not produce the anticipated amount 

of money and attempts to obtain funds 

from Congress failed, Pope’s original 

plan, which called for placing the cabin in 

a central court with a movable roof and 

surrounded by museum halls, was simplified. Pope’s associate, Edwin Robinson 

Will, supervised construction of the memorial building, designed the landscaping of the grounds, and oversaw 

completion of the details.

The Dodds Granite Company, from Milford, Massachusetts, supplied their popular Stony Creek Milford Pink Granite, 

which was used on many public buildings 

in the era. The interior marble was quarried in Tennessee.

The cornerstone was laid February 12, 

1909, and the building was completed in 

the fall of 1911. Missouri governor Joseph W. Polk, president of the Lincoln 

Farm Association, and President William 

Howard Taft addressed a crowd of 3,000 

who attended the opening ceremonies. 

Stewardship & Alterations

The Lincoln Farm Association maintained 

the memorial for five years. Congress 

voted in 1916 to accept donation of the 

Lincoln birthplace farm and its $50,000 

endowment from the Lincoln Farm Association. According to the legislation, the 

property was “dedicated to the purpose 

of a National Park or reservation.” The 

U.S. Department of War administered 

the property until 1933, when jurisdiction was transferred to the Department 

of the Interior, National Park Service, 

where it has remained since that time.

The War Department undertook a number of improvements to the building in 

1929 and 1930 including: replacing the 

roof, constructing a pavilion directly behind the structure, adding a new restroom facility, and laying new steps and 

walks on the east and west sides. The 

restroom and pavilion buildings were demolished in 1959 when the new visitor 

center was constructed. 

Originally on the interior of the Memorial 

Building, along the east and west walls, 

were four marble tablets, carved with 

various texts. Two of the marble tablets, 

one containing a description of Nancy 

Hanks Lincoln, the other describing Thomas Lincoln, were plastered over and 

painted in 1941 because of questions 

concerning the historical accuracy of 

their content. Subsequently, the two remaining tablets were removed in 1959. 

It may be assumed that the plaques 

were an original component to the Memorial Building, as funded by the Lincoln 

Farm Association. At this time, the process of choosing those inscriptions is not 
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fully understood. 

In 1936, Historian Alvin P. Stauffer wrote 

a memorandum noting inaccuracies in 

inscriptions and quotations for two 

plaques describing Lincoln’s parents: one 

for Nancy Hanks and another for Thomas 

Lincoln.

In 1940, NPS Regional Historian Roy E. 

Appleman prepared texts to replace tablets of Nancy Hanks and Thomas Lincoln. 

Four Lincoln experts disputed Appleman’s newly composed texts without 

coming to a conclusion.

In 1941, the two plaques describing Lincoln’s parents were covered in plaster 

and painted. They were intended to be 

replaced after World War II.

In 1948, NPS Director Drury approved a 

recommendation to use excerpts from 

the Lincoln autobiography sent to Jesse 

W. Fell on December 20, 1859, as the replacement inscription for the plaques describing Lincoln’s parents.

But Drury’s recommendation was complicated by the fact that one of the remaining plaques already contained an excerpt 

from the Fell autobiography. In 1949, 

Superintendent Hoskins offered the following recommendation:

1. Remove plaque with excerpt from 

Lincoln’s autobiography for Fell.

2. Use this space and the space formerly occupied by Thomas Lincoln 

plaque to give complete Fell autobiography.

3. Use space formerly occupied by 

Nancy Hanks plaque for information 

about Thomas Lincoln and Nancy 

Hanks.

4. The other plaque (containing inspirational passages) to remain as is.

These suggestions were further argued 

by the park and scholars.

In 1959, all four marble plaques were 

completely removed. Vacancies in the 

wall were filled with cement mortar and 

prepared for the application of plaster.

Also in that year, a wood-framed drop 

ceiling was placed over the skylight, and 

fluorescent lights were added to artificially illuminate the cabin. 

Original and Subsequent Owners

The following is an incomplete listing of 

the ownership of the Lincoln farm, taken 

from information in the National Park 

Service Administrative History:

December 12, 1808 - Isaac Bush to 

Thomas Lincoln

December 1816 - Court-ordered 

sale by commissioner to John Welsh

August 28, 1905 - Sale by commissioner to Robert J. Collier

June 19,1906 - Robert J. Collier to 

Lincoln Farm Association

July 18, 1916 - Lincoln Farm Association to U.S. Government
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* document located in Appendix I

LINCOLN FARM ASSOCIATION, 1911-1916

WAR DEPARTMENT, 1916-1933

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1909-1911

CONSTRUCTION: Built

TEXT: Built by Lincoln Farm Association 

COST: $250,000 

DESIGNER: John Russell Pope

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Architect 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1927-1929

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Replace 3 glass windows 

COST: $30 

DESIGNER:

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Day Labor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1929 

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation 

TEXT: Painting interior 

COST: $260 

DESIGNER: S.T. Carroll 

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1929

CONSTRUCTION: Preservation

TEXT: Resoldering of caps to ceiling steel work 

COST: $20 

DESIGNER: W. D. Durham

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1929

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Installation of new furnace & floor registers 

COST: $458 

DESIGNER: Stratton & Terstegge Co. 

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 
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* document located in Appendix I

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, 1933-present

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1929

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Add roof slab over 1909 roof 

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/draw_roof_29.pdf)

* drawings

COST: $unknown

DESIGNER: 

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1929

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Repairs to roof 

COST: $135 

DESIGNER: W. D. Durham

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1941

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Plaster over two (2) marble plaques 

COST: $unknown

DESIGNER:

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION:

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1959

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Removal of plaques

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/plaque_59.pdf) 

* Purchase order

* Contract Specifications

* Memo concerning removal

COST: $1185

DESIGNER: George F. Clark

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1959

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Painting interior (http://crs /historic/hsr/abli/pdf/

paint_59.pdf) 

* Memo

* Color schedule 

COST: $889 

DESIGNER:

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1959

CONSTRUCTION: Altered 

TEXT: Installed plenum

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/plenum_59.pdf) 

* Purchase order

* Contract specifications

* Sectional drawings 

COST: $488 

DESIGNER: Logan Bennet

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1959

CONSTRUCTION: Altered 

TEXT: Installed electric lighting (http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/

lighting_59.pdf) in ceiling skylight

* Purchase order

* Contract specifications

COST: $890 

DESIGNER: Hughes & Johnson 

Electric

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 
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* document located in Appendix I

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1959

CONSTRUCTION: Preservation

TEXT: Renovate bronze doors 

(http://crs /historic/hsr/abli/pdf/doors_59.pdf) 

* Memo for work request

* Purchase order 

COST: $700

DESIGNER: Schiller

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1971

CONSTRUCTION: RehabilitationTEXT: Installation of air conditioning

(http://crs /historic/hsr/abli/pdf/hvac_71.pdf 

* Purchase order

* Schematic diagram

COST: $13600

DESIGNER: Addie S. French, 

Inc.

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1971

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Installation of aluminum entrance unit

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/entance_71_po.pdf)

* Purchase order

COST: $815

DESIGNER: Central Glass Co.

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1971

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Installation of 800 feet underground extension to transformer

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/electrical_71_po.pdf)

* Purchase order

COST: $2400

DESIGNER: Kentucky Utilities

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Utility provider

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1975

CONSTRUCTION: Restoration 

TEXT: Cleaning, repointing & waterproofing exterior 

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/pointing_77.pdf) 

* Section 106

* KY Heritage Commission approval

COST: $10633

DESIGNER: Mid-continental 

Waterproofing Co.

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1977

CONSTRUCTION: Restoration 

TEXT: Repainting interior

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/paint_77.pdf) 

* Section 106

* KY Heritage Commission approval 

* Purchase Order

* Contract specifications

COST: $1685

DESIGNER: Puckett

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1977

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Construction of information counter

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/infodesk.pdf)

* Memo from 1959

* Purchase order

COST: $447

DESIGNER: Ronnie L. Chelf

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION:
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* document located in Appendix I

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1977

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Painting roof light

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/rooflight_77_po.pdf)

* Purchase order

COST: $72 

DESIGNER: Puckett

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1979-1981

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Roof repairs

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/roof_81.pdf) 

* Section 106 

* Bid acceptance

* Inspection of roof conditions

* Memo to replace skylight

* Memo to flush roof drains

* Unit price contract

* Photographs

COST: $13,807 

DESIGNER: McGuffey Industrial Contracting

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor

INSPECTOR: Bishop

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1979-1982

CONSTRUCTION: Altered 

TEXT: Replacement of stairwell cover 

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/stairwell cover_79.pdf) 

* Section 106 submission

* Purchase order for steel

* Purchase order for glass 

COST: $706 

DESIGNER FOR STEEL: John 

Mills

DESIGNER FOR GLASS: Central KY Glass Co. 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1983

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Plastering & painting interior 

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/paint_83_upc.pdf) 

* Unit price contract

COST: $6820

DESIGNER: Cravens Construction Company

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1984

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Replacement of air conditioning compressors 

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/hvac_84_po.pdf)

* Purchase order 

COST: $3175

DESIGNER: French Mechanical Inc.

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

TRIP REPORT: 1984

INSPECTION: Skylight

(http:crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/skylight_84_inspec.pdf) 

* Report

* Drawing

INSPECTOR: David Ates
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* document located in Appendix I

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1985

CONSTRUCTION: Preservation

TEXT: Repointing Memorial Building and steps (http://crs/historic/

hsr/abli/pdf/steps_85.pdf)

* Section 106

* KY Heritage Commission approval

* Unit price contract 

COST: $39433

DESIGNER: OHA and R&F 

Weaver

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

TRIP REPORT: 1989

INSPECTION: HVAC

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/hvac_89_inspec.pdf) 

INSPECTOR: John Eubank

TRIP REPORT: 1990

INSPECTION: Ladder

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/ladder_90.pdf) 

* Memo from ABLI

* Memo restricting access

* photos

INSPECTOR: David Ates

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1990

CONSTRUCTION: Preservation

TEXT: Repointing & cleaning Memorial Building steps

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/pointing_90.pdf) 

* Memo of task directive

* Section 106 submission

* Memo status report

* Memo modification of task directive 

COST: $ 11513

DESIGNER:

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1991

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Americans with Disabilities compliance

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/ada_91.pdf) 

* Section 106 submission

* Purchase order for doors

* Purchase order for handle and rail 

COST: $5375

DESIGNER: NPS and Riverside Door Co.

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1992

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Install receptacle and lighting system

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/electrical_92_po.pdf) 

* Purchase order

COST: $580

DESIGNER: Gene Ray Electrical 

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Electrician 

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1992

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitation

TEXT: Plastering and repainting the Memorial interior

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/paint_92.pdf) 

* Section 106 

* Requisition

* Contract specifications

COST: $23,450

DESIGNER: Patterson

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor
Chronology of Development & Use

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* document located in Appendix I

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1992

CONSTRUCTION: Altered

TEXT: Glass tinting

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/tint_92.pdf) 

* Section 106 submission

* Estimate

COST: $1,500

DESIGNER: Pro-Tint

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION: 

Contractor

CONSTRUCTION DATE: 1993

CONSTRUCTION: Rehabilitated

TEXT: HVAC system replacement

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/hvac_93.pdf) 

* diagram

COST: $unknown

DESIGNER: 

DESIGNER'S OCCUPATION:

TRIP REPORT: 1996

INSPECTION: masonry pointing, ladder, basement

(http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/inspec_96.pdf) 

INSPECTOR: Bill Love
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Overview

The traditional Lincoln birth home is enclosed in the 

Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building, a tall onestory Beaux Arts Classical building built over a two and a 

half-year period beginning in February 1909. The cornerstone was laid in honor of the anniversary of Lincoln’s 

100th birthday. The structure is cubical and serves as the 

repository for the traditional birth home of Abraham Lincoln. The traditional birth home itself is a simple log 

cabin with a wood roof and a fireplace attached. The enclosing building features a six-column Doric portico on 

the south facade and presents a formal and imposing 

mass atop a long processional stair. The east and west 

facades each feature a four-columned portico with engaged Doric columns. The north facade recalls the south 

facade, with its inset panels conforming to the south portico spacing. All facades are clad in Stoney Creek Milford 

Pink Granite. 

The Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building has 

been well maintained as part of the National Park System, and all elements and features are in good condition. 

Architectural Narrative

The Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building is located on a mostly trapezoidal site of approximately 100 

acres. The memorial building was constructed at the top 

of a hill. It is approached from the south via a wide forThis section contains a systematic accounting of all features, materials, and spaces 

according to age, significance, 

and general integrity. A 

detailed inventory of individual building features is 

included in Appendix C, but 

are summarized in the body of 

this chapter. The following text 

and detailed assessment discuss causes of deterioration 

and structural inadequacy.
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mal stair of fifty-six steps, one for each 

year of Lincoln’s life. It is also accessible 

by an unpaved service road to the north. 

The footprint of the building is elevated 

about one inch above the surrounding 

platform sidewalk. The platform sidewalk 

is about 75 feet by 80 feet and features 

several concrete benches around its perimeter. There are also steps at the center of the east, north, and west sides. It 

is about 500 feet west of the Visitor Center and is 49’-5” x 36’-6” and 35’-5” to 

the top of the common parapet. The 

south facade features a taller pediment. 

An additional continuous cornice wraps 

around the structure at a height of 29’-5” 

on top of a crenelated molding. 

South Elevation

Above each of the six columns supporting the portico there is a rosette in the 

frieze. Spanning the architrave below is 

an inscription, which reads

With malice toward none, with 

charity for all.

Between each pair of columns inset in 

the wall surface are square windows 

with a diagonal stone grill-like insert. 

This pattern allows natural light while simultaneously providing security for the 

cabin inside. These windows are shadowed by a portico with a coffered ceiling. 

Each coffer features a floral rosette. The 

aluminum-framed glass doors and transom are a later alteration to the original 

masonry opening. The original bronze 

doors are extant and are behind the 

glass doors. The doors are decoratively 

studded in bronze and also have lion’s 

head door knockers and levered handles. 

Additionally, to either side of the door 

are inscriptions carved in the wall. The 

one on the west reads

Let us have faith 

That right makes might

And in that faith let us to

The end dare to do our duty

As we understand it.

Cooper Institute

 N.Y. Feb. 27,1860

The quotation on the east reads 

Stand with anybody

That stands right.

Stand with him while he

Is right and part with him

When he goes wrong.

Peoria Ill. Oct. l6, l854

An additional quotation is inscribed 

on the south facade in the pediment 

above the portico. It reads 

Here

Over the log cabin where Abraham Lincoln was born

Destined to preserve the Union 

and free the slave

A grateful people have dedicated 

this memorial

To unity peace and brotherhood 

among these States. 

In the southeast corner of the south facade in the first masonry course there is 

a corner dedication stone which reads 

February Twelfth 1909.

North Elevation

The north facade is characterized by its 

relative austerity when compared to the 

other facades. It features five recessed 

windows at the same height and relative 

location as the windows on the south fa-
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cade. Above the windows is a slightly recessed panel, which extends to the 

cumulative width of the windows. 

Though possibly designed to include an 

inscription, the panel provides a transition between the windows and the continuous crenelated cornice. Below the 

windows are similarly recessed vertical 

panels, two on either side of the doorway. In the panels adjacent to the doorway there are bronze plaques mounted 

on the face of the masonry. The plaque 

to the east reads

This Memorial erected 

By Popular Subscription through 

the Lincoln Farm Association

Joseph W. Polk President

Robert J. Collier Vice President 

And Chairman Of The Executive 

Committee 

Clarence H. MacKay Treasurer 

Richard Lloyd Jones Secretary 

John Russell Pope Architect 

Cornerstone Laid By President 

Roosevelt February 12th, 1909 

Dedicated By President Taft 

November 9th, 1911 

The similar plaque to the west of the 

doorway lists the Board of Trustees 

whose names include William H. Taft, 

Samuel L. Clemens, James Cardinal Gibbons, and Augustus St. Gaudens. The 

doorway itself is like the one in the south 

facade. It also features an aluminumframed glass door with transom set to 

the exterior of the masonry opening and 

two original paneled bronze doors set to 

the interior of the masonry opening. The 

doors are decoratively studded in bronze 

and have lion’s head door knockers and 

levered handles. There are three maintenance-related original features on the 

west side of this facade: stair rungs incorporated into the masonry wall to access the roof, a concealed stairway to the 

basement which runs parallel to the 

north facade, and, opposite this, a coal 

chute to supply the original furnace. The 

stairway has been modified from its original design, which included a skylight of 

glass-block pavers.

East & West Elevations

The east and west elevations are identical in that they feature a four-columned 

portico centered in the facade. The columns are engaged, and between them 

are tall inset windows. These windows 

are twice the height of those on the 

north and south elevations and are characterized by the same diagonal stone design. To either side of the portico are 

copper downspouts with brackets of simple decoration. The downspouts pass 

through the continuous crenelated cornice and then pierce the parapet wall 

above. 

Foundation

Reinforced concrete foundation walls and 

footings support the masonry-bearing 

exterior walls.

Structural 

Two deep steel reinforced concrete 

beams which bear on the north and 

south exterior walls support the roof and 

frame the opening for the skylight 

above. The ceiling is suspended from 

these beams by steel tie bars. 

Windows

Steel awning windows are set inside the 

stone openings. Each window is recessed 
Physical Description

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behind a decorative stone pattern based 

on Roman grill work. The opening is divided into four squares, which are further divided diagonally. For taller 

windows the pattern is repeated. 

Roof

The parapet wall is capped with a single 

stone band which runs continuously 

around the building except where a low 

angle pediment rises on the south elevation. At the north elevation to the west of 

center, a chimney protrudes above the 

parapet wall. Located to the east of the 

chimney is the access hatch, which leads 

from the roof to the interstitial space 

above the ceiling. The bi-axially-centered 

skylight interrupts this space and the 

roof. The original opening was constructed with glass block. The present 

greenhouse-style skylight is built over 

the original one-foot curb and is enclosed with wired glass in a copper 

frame. The center ridge runs from east 

to west. Beneath this enclosure is the 

original glass block membrane. The roofing itself has been altered and presently 

features a new membrane roof on top of 

the earlier material. 

Floor Plan

The interior of the building is a large 

rectangular room used for the exhibition 

of the traditional Lincoln birth home. The 

interior measures approximately 35 feet 

by 48 feet and houses the cabin and 

some free standing furnishings. 

Stairways

There are no interior stairways, but there 

are two exterior stairways. One is a 

poured concrete stair, which leads to the 

basement along the north elevation. The 

other is a metal rung stair, which is attached to the north face of the building 

and accesses the roof. 

Flooring

The flooring has a nine-inch marble perimeter border. Inside the perimeter border there is brick set in a herring bone 

pattern about six feet wide in each direction. The brick is bordered to the inside 

by another marble inlay, this one ten 

inches wide. It serves to provide a transition between the brick paving and the 

exposed aggregate concrete that comprises the remainder of the floor toward 

the center and serves as the bed on 

which the log structure is set. Additionally, there are eight diamond-shaped 

marble inlays, which are sixteen inches 

square. They are centered in each corner 

of the brick paving and at the midpoints 

in front of each wall. 

Wall & Ceiling Finishes

The interior of the memorial building is 

characterized by classical details, though 

there are elements contemporary with 

the construction era. The walls are finished with a continuous marble-based 

wainscot and chair rail above which the 

wall surface and details are plaster. Surrounding the windows at the east and 

west is a classical trim, which provides a 

continuous banding around the finished 

openings. This pattern is continued on 

the north and south walls. This banding, 

though comprised of classical details, is 

contemporary in design. Toward the top 

of the wall is a simple classical picture 

rail molding. Several inches above that, 

the classical crown molding begins and 

provides a transition to the coffered ceiling squares. The coffer pattern is four by 

six around the perimeter with a skylight 
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in the center. The coffer pattern is further defined by darker shaded banding. 

Centered in each coffer is a plaster rosette. The skylight lens is set on a copper grid and is composed of corrugated 

panes. The twenty-one-square grid is arranged three squares by seven. 

Doors

Beyond the tall one-story Doric portico 

are two bronze-paneled doors which figure prominently in the axiality of the 

building design. This entrance is 

matched at the north elevation with another central double door. These doors 

are dominant features of both the interior walls and exterior facades. Above 

the doorways are classically detailed lintels. The paneled doors are set at the inside of the thresholds, while more recent 

aluminum entrance doors are set to the 

outside. Additional descriptions are in 

the elevation sections above. 

Hardware

In addition to the hardware on the doors 

described in the elevations section 

above, the only additional hardware is 

bronze chain fencing with bronze stanchions which surrounds the cabin. The 

barrier is an original feature of the design and is set on the interior marble 

border.
Physical Description

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PART 1 DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY

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Adolf K. Placzek. Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects. Vol. 3. London: The Free 

Press, 1982. p450-451.

Gloria Peterson, An Administrative History of Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, National Park Service, 1968.

Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site. Scrapbooks and files located at 

park in Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Collier’s Magazine, February 10, 1906, February 15, 1908, February 13, 1909.

Ann Huston, KY-95-A, HABS Documentation, Library of Congress, Prints and Photograph Division, Washington, D.C. 
Sources of Information

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PART 2 TREATMENT AND USE

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As the Memorial Building was constructed with the dedicated purpose to house the Lincoln cabin, the historic 

structure should continue its present use as a display for 

the traditional birthplace cabin, without the incorporation 

of additional visitor services, offices, concessions, or any 

other tangential programmatic use. 

The National Park Service Cultural Resources Management Guideline (DO-28) requires planning for the protection of cultural resources "whether or not they relate to 

the specific authorizing legislation or interpretive programs of the parks in which they lie." Therefore, the memorial building must be understood in its own cultural 

context and managed in light of its own values so that it 

may be preserved unimpaired for the enjoyment of 

present and future generations.1

1. "Cultural Resource Management Guidelines," (1997), p. 1.
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Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) also mandates that 

federal agencies, including the National 

Park Service, take into account the effects of their actions on properties listed 

or eligible for listing in the National Register and give the Advisory Council on 

Historic Preservation a reasonable opportunity to comment. 

NHPA regulations (36 CFR 800.10) mandate special requirements for protecting 

National Historic Landmarks. Section 

110(f) of the Act requires that the 

Agency Official, to the maximum extent 

possible, undertake such planning and 

actions as may be necessary to minimize 

harm to any National Historic Landmark 

that may be directly and adversely affected by an undertaking. Examples of 

adverse effects include, but are not limited to:

• Physical destruction of or damage to 

all or part of the property;

• Alteration of a property, including 

restoration, rehabilitation, repair, 

maintenance, stabilization, hazardous material remediation and provision of handicapped access, that are 

not consistent with the Secretary's 

Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties (36 CFR part 68) and 

applicable guidelines; 

• Removal of the property from its historic location;

• Change of the character of the property's use or of physical features 

within the property's setting that 

contribute to its historic significance;

• Introduction of visual, atmospheric or 

audible elements that diminish the 

integrity of the property's significant 

historic features;

• Neglect of a property which causes 

its deterioration; and

• Transfer, lease, or sale of property 

out of Federal ownership or control 

without adequate and legally 

enforceable restrictions or conditions 

to ensure long-term preservation of 

the property's historic significance. 

ADA COMPLIANCE

In 1991 the building’s north (rear) entrance was altered to meet guidelines in 

compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act. This involved the installation 

of an automatic door, concrete ramp, and 

suitable hand rails on this entrance to 

the Memorial. We recommend removal of 

both the front and rear aluminum entrance units and replacement with a total 

glass system. The new doors for the rear 

entrance would also be automated, but 

we suggest transferring the automatic 

door button from its placement on the 

historic bronze door to another location, 

preferably a free standing or temporary 

post.

LIGHTING CONDITIONS

Previous alterations to the Memorial’s 

lighting conditions, made at the expense 

of the building’s historic character, 

should be removed in favor of measures 

which are less obtrusive. In order to 

maintain adequate lighting levels, florescent or, preferably, museum quality spot 

lights should be mounted along the interstitial walls, above the copper framed 

rooflight, and allowed to adjust for overcast and evening lighting conditions. 

ENTRANCE DOOR ADJUSTMENTS

Any required door labels, including but 

not limited to: handicap accessibility, 

hours of operation, or rules and regulations, will be coordinated with the manu-
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facturer of the new door product so as to 

achieve a solution which is as transparent and uncluttered as possible. Most 

manufacturers have incorporated such 

requirements into their designs, and it 

may be possible for the text to be directly engraved into the glass.
Requirements for Treatment

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PART 2 TREATMENT AND USE

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In the broadest sense, three alternative approaches to 

the treatment of the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building can be identified: preservation, rehabilitation, and restoration. Each of these approaches is 

fundamentally different, and each will have a different 

impact on the existing historic building.

The first alternative, preservation, would seek simply to 

repair existing material and maintain the existing character of the building, making those repairs and alterations 

that are necessary (1) to secure the building and its contents against further deterioration, (2) to eliminate 

threats to life safety, and (3) to make improvements to 

the building's fire detection system. A preservation approach would retain the maximum amount of existing 

historic material and would require the least investment 

of Park resources.

The second alternative, rehabilitation, would subsume 

the concerns of the first but would also seek to make improvements and/or alterations that would increase the 
Alternatives for Treatment

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building's utility to Park visitors and others who use the building. These would 

include improvements for handicap accessibility and replacement of building 

systems and/or equipment that may be 

antiquated but which are not hazardous 

to the building, its contents, or its occupants. Since this approach would focus 

on the building's function and not its design, the building's existing character 

and features would be mostly preserved.

The third alternative, restoration, would 

seek to return the building to its historic 

appearance in the year 1911. 

ENTRANCE DOORS

If it is not financially possible to replace 

both aluminum entrance units, the rear 

handicap accessible unit may stay intact. 

Although such a difference would be undesirable, at least the front entrance, 

which is the focal point of the visitor’s 

ascent to the Memorial, would have a 

minimal total glass entrance system and 

not obstruct the original threshold. 

U-V PROTECTION

All subsequent modification to the glazing in the Memorial Building, whether as 

a curatorial or environmental initiative, 

should seek to choose products which affect the historic character in the least 

possible way. This includes avoiding 

tinted and reflective surfaces, impositions on the original door and window 

units, and the concealment of any opening which is part of the original Pope design.
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The Historic Structure Report seeks to maintain the Memorial Building’s present use as a commemorative structure. With the incorporation of the Lincoln Farm 

Association in 1906, a preservation initiative was begun 

which advocated the then-contemporary philosophy of 

containing a historic object (the Traditional Lincoln Birthplace Cabin) within another structure. Since its dedication in 1911, the Memorial Building has assumed a 

significance which is irreversibly linked to its site and the 

contents contained within. In light of this interdependence, the report has recognized the difficulty in finding 

a balance among concerns for the Memorial’s architectural integrity, securing access for visitors, and protecting the cabin. With a renewed attention to the 

importance of the Memorial Building, the report reveals 

the potential to establish a restored condition, in compliance with safety and curatorial requirements. 

EXTERIOR PROVISIONS

Concern should first be placed on insuring that the build-
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ing and its contents are reasonably protected from environmental conditions. 

Previous efforts by local contractors to 

secure the roof have produced sub-standard results. Deficiencies include loose 

and open seams, and areas of detached 

flashing. The faulty condition of the skylight is noted in historical architect David 

Ates’s inspection, four years following a 

repair project. As the roof is not visible 

to the public and since the skylight is not 

presently used, suggestions have been 

made to eliminate the element completely. Today, unfortunately, the skylight 

does not affect the visitor’s experience of 

the Memorial, a consequence of alterations made in 1959. To continue to disenable the skylight would severely 

compromise the architectural significance of this building. The rooftop lighting source was an integral component of 

the initial design, the inspiration for 

which can be seen in museum and gallery designs from the pre-WWII era. As a 

case of precedence, the National Gallery 

of Art in Washington, D.C. (John Russel 

Pope, 1933) has completed a project to 

restore its gallery skylights, which are 

very similar in detail to the greenhousetype system on the Memorial Building. 

This solution involves a three-pane glass 

panel which reduces heat loss and light 

intensity, while blocking ultraviolet rays. 

In light of the roof’s limited visibility, the 

introduction of non-historic materials 

may be acceptable, as long as there is no 

adverse affect to the historic condition of 

the building’s interior.

INTERIOR PROVISIONS

The cabin will have to be protected during any work to the skylight. This would 

be especially important during the removal of the plenum, which would probably involve a scaffolding system. Once 

the roof is stabilized and the skylight is 

restored, efforts should be focused on 

removing non-historic elements and restoring material surfaces to the 1909-

1911 historic period.

This phase of restoration concerns those 

details which, instead of being structurally essential, affect the experience of a 

building conceived at the turn of the century. These include removing the aluminum entrance unit and renovating the 

processional bronze doors, removing of 

glass tinting, restoring plaster profile, 

and repainting walls. The next phase of 

activity involves furnishings connected 

with the building that are in need of reconstruction or restoration. These include reconstructing the four interior 

marble plaques, restoring the engraved 

text on the exterior granite panels, removing the simulated clay floor in cabin 

and resurfacing with concrete, and removing or redesigning the ranger desk. 

FUTURE PROVISIONS

The Historic Structure Report, through 

its guidelines, seeks to initiate a new era 

of dedication, emphasizing accurate and 

sensitive renovation. Such a focus is 

merited by the building’s status as a National Landmark and, furthermore, a 

project from the oeuvre of a significant 

American architect. Since the building’s 

importance extends beyond the region, 

all future work should represent a commitment to the highest standards.
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Site of the 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN 

BIRTHPLACE 

MEMORIAL 

BUILDING
Maps & Drawings

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APPENDIX A

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Maps & Drawings

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APPENDIX A

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Maps & Drawings

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APPENDIX B

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Photographic Documentation

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Figure 1 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, view to 

northwest from base of memorial stairs; Memorial Building in background. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast 

Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 2 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, view to 

northwest from third tier of memorial stairs; south elevation of Memorial Building. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast 

Region Cultural Resources library. 
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 3 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, east elevation of Memorial Building. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, 

Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
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Figure 4 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, west elevation of Memorial Building. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, 

Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 5 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, south elevation of Memorial Building; with detail of frieze and pediment. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural 

Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 6 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, west elevation of Memorial Building portico. Photographed in 1984. National Park 

Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
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Figure 7 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, coffered 

ceiling of Memorial Building portico. Photographed in 1984. National 

Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
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Figure 8 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, bronze 

doors at south entrance to Memorial Building. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
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Figure 9 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, south wall 

of Memorial Building interior. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 10 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, east wall 

of Memorial Building interior. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 11 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, north wall 

of Memorial Building interior. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 12 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, west wall 

of Memorial Building interior. Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 13 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, detail of 

ceiling rosettes, Memorial Building interior. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 14 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, southeast 

corner of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 15 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, southwest 

corner of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 16 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, northwest 

corner of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 17 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, interior 

south wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 18 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, interior 

east wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 19 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, interior 

west wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographed in 1984. 

National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 20 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, detail of 

numbered log and clay chinking, traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. 

Photographed in 1984. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 21 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, condition of exterior south wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographs taken June 2, 2000. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 22 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, condition of exterior north wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographs taken June 2, 2000. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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Figure 23 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, condition 

of exterior east wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographs 

taken June 2, 2000. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural 

Resources library.
APPENDIX B

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Figure 24 Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, condition of exterior west wall of traditional Lincoln birthplace cabin. Photographs taken June 2, 2000. National Park Service, Southeast Region Cultural Resources library.
Photographic Documentation

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APPENDIX C

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Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite: dressed ashlar,

Stony Creek granite (Milford Pink) from Milford,

MA. Stone courses are 16" vertically with continuous bed joints (3/16", beaded) and horizontal

joints varying between 36" and 55".

FEATURE NOTES: Granite wall parapet approx. 2'

above roof (320 SF). Inscriptions appear over

front columns, in pediment & to either side of

front entrance.

FEATURE CONDITION: 5980.0 SF - GOOD/ 40 SF

- FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 6020.0 SF

PRIORITY: SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY: Dirt and mildew buildup on cornice

at north elevation. Rusting from the metal roof

ladder on the North side has stained the surrounding stone.

RECOMMENDATION: Clean dirt and mildew with

water, detergent and soft bristle brush (check

mortar joint prior to cleaning). Remove rust by

applying a poultice materical to the affected area

to draw the stain out of the stone.

EXTERIOR 4110 Exterior Wall Surface/cover: Granite

Granite wall parapet (Dirt and mildew buildup on

cornice)

Rusting from the metal roof

ladder

Milford Pink Granite
APPENDIX C

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Walls - Ceilings - Floors - Windows - Doors - Finishes

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite: dressed ashlar, Stony Creek granite (Milford 

Pink) from Milford, MA. Stone courses are 16" vertical with continuous bead joints 

(3/16", beaded) and horizontal joints varying between 36" and 55".

FEATURE NOTES: Granite wall parapet approx. 2' above roof (320 SF). Inscriptions appear in pediment over front columns, and on panels east and west of the 

entrance. 

FEATURE CONDITION: 5920 SF - GOOD/ 100 SF - POOR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 6020 SF

PRIORITY: SERIOUS/HISTORICAL

DEFICIENCY: Rusting from the metal roof ladder on the North side has stained 

the surrounding stone. Possible sandblasting has obscured historic inscriptions 

flanking entrance. 

RECOMMENDATION: Clean dirt and mildew with water, detergent and soft bristle 

brush (check mortar joint prior to cleaning). Remove rust by applying a poultice 

material to the affected area to draw the stain out of the stone. Consult conservator on most appropriate means to restore the engraved text.

COST ESTIMATE for combined cleaning of 4110 & 4113: Materials: $200 

Labor/Equipment: $800 Total: $1000 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite ashlar, approx. 8" thick, on 4" masonry building tile (see 4211 Int. Wall Structure). The walls are approx. 35' tall and 30" 

thick overall (32" at base).

FEATURE NOTES: The thickness of the various wall components could not be 

measured directly, but it appears the exterior stone is 16" thick and the interior 

masonry is 8" thick (plus 2" finish) with a 4" air space in between.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD 

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 5700.0 SF

EXTERIOR ENVELOPE

EXTERIOR 4110 Ext. Wall Surface/cover: Granite 

EXTERIOR 4111 Ext. Wall Structure: Granite Ashlar
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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EXTERIOR 4113 Exterior Wall Trim: Granite

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Smooth granite base course 24" highand projects 2" from stone wall

above./ large granite, denticulated cornice with patterned frieze, 27' above grade

FEATURE NOTES: Dirt and mildew buildup on cornice at north elevation

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD (250 LF); FAIR (90 LF)

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 340 LF

Smooth granite base course 24" highand

projects 2" from stone wall above (below)

Dirt and mildew buildup on cornice at

north elevation (above and below)

large granite, denticulated cornice with patterned frieze,

27' above grade (above)

Cornice and Frieze from 26’ to 30’ above

grade (above)
APPENDIX C

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: North Elevation - In the

panels on either side of the doorway there are bronze

plaques mounted on the face of the masonry. The

plaque which is east of the doorway provides information about the erection team and the plaque to the

west presents the Board of Trustees.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2 EA

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: These two plaques are now black with

corrosion showing in a few areas.

RECOMMENDATION: Cleaned and restore by a metals

conservator. Special care should be taken to preserve

the original texture of the metal ground behind the

lettering.

EXTERIOR 4114 Ext. Wall Ornament: Bronze

Detail view (Erection Team) West plaque (Board of Trustees)

East plaque (Erection Team)
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Smooth granite base course 24" high and projects 2" 

from stone wall, above large granite, denticulated cornice with patterned frieze, 

27' above grade.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD (250 LF); FAIR (90 LF)

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 340 LF

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: Dirt and mildew buildup on cornice at north elevation. 

RECOMMENDATION: Clean with detergent and soft bristle brush (check mortar 

joint prior to cleaning) 

COST ESTIMATE for combined cleaning of 4110 & 4113: Materials: $200 

Labor/Equipment: $800 Total: $1000

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: North Elevation - In the panels on either side of the doorway there are bronze plaques mounted on the face of the masonry. The plaque 

which is east of the doorway provides information about the erection team and the 

plaque to the west presents the Board of Trustees.

FEATURE NOTES: 2 each

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 10 SF

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: These two plaques are now black, with corrosion showing in a few 

areas.

RECOMMENDATION: They should be cleaned and restored by a metals conservator. Special care should be taken to preserve the original texture of the metal 

ground behind the lettering.

COST ESTIMATE: $600

EXTERIOR 4113 Ext. Wall Trim: Granite

EXTERIOR 4114 Ext. Wall Ornament: Bronze
APPENDIX C

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EXTERIOR 4115 Exterior Column/Post: Granite

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite, Doric columns

(35" diameter, 16.7' tall, with 20 flutes) supporting

large entablature with mutules & wreaths/ 6 free

standing columns in front. 2 rectangular (29.5" wide

by 24" deep) engaged piers on South side. Cornice

and frieze from 26' to 30' above grade.

FEATURE NOTES: 8 engaged (three-quarter)

columns on East (4) and West (4) facade.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA

Detail: Fluted Column Detail: Column Base
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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Detail Elevation: Doric

Columns (6)

Detail Elevation:

Engaged piers (2)

Entablature with Mutules and Wreaths

Cornice and Frieze from 26’ to 30’ above grade

Plan Detail: Doric Column (6); Rectangular

Engaged Piers (2); Engaged (three-quarter)

Doric Columns (8)
APPENDIX C

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite, Doric columns (35" diameter, 16.7' tall, with 

20 flutes) supporting large entablature with mutules & wreaths. Six free standing 

columns in front, two rectangular (29.5" wide by 24" deep) engaged piers on 

South side. Each column/pier is composed of four stone segments. Cornice and 

frieze from 26' to 30' above grade.

FEATURE NOTES: Four engaged (three-quarter) columns each, on East and West 

facade.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD 

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite rosettes in square coffering matches motif 

from interior ceiling. Granite beams frame soffit. 

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD 

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 5 EA. 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite base below columns extends 34" beyond 

South columns on sides and 89" beyond in front. 

FEATURE NOTES: Granite base around basement stair and coal chute on North 

side.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 340 SF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Cement ramp for handicapped accessibility to Memorial Building.

FEATURE NOTES: Added to existing floor at North (rear) entrance in 1991.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: N

EXTERIOR 4115 Ext. Column/Post: Granite

EXTERIOR 4121 Ext. Ceiling (Soffit at Portico)Granite

EXTERIOR 4130 Ext. Floor Surf./cover: Granite

EXTERIOR 4130 Ext. Floor Surf./cover: Cement
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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TOTAL INVENTORY: 450 SF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Three East and three West windows are each three units 

high (18 units), five North and five South windows are each single units (10 units)

FEATURE NOTES: Bronze hopper units are 40"x40" 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Pierced granite window grille (5" thick with diagonal cross 

pattern) with 2 weeps at base of each window.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 100 LF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Spring latch in center of upper frames, small chains on 

sides to hold sash open (28 sets)

FEATURE NOTES: One chain missing at lower sash of south window on West side.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 28 EA 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Sloped granite block integrated with wall surface.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite integrated with wall surface.

FEATURE NOTES:

EXTERIOR 4142 Ext. Window Sash Bronze

EXTERIOR 4143 Ext. Window Trim: Granite

EXTERIOR 4144 Ext. Window Hardware: Bronze

EXTERIOR 4145 Ext. Window Sill: Granite

EXTERIOR 4148 Ext. Window Lintel: Granite
APPENDIX C

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FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Single thickness (5/16) float glass

FEATURE NOTES: Solar film applied to glass

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H/N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 28 EA

PRIORITY: HISTORICAL

DEFICIENCY: Non-historic, rose-tinted solar film applied to historic glass

RECOMMENDATION: Remove non-historic solar film from glass to restore interior lighting conditions. Apply UV clear film if required for material conservation of 

the cabin. 

COST ESTIMATE: Total: $3000

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Outer threshold: bronze colored aluminum store-front, 

double-size with transom above (rated N); Inner threshold: heavy bronze (rated 

H) Basement: arched top metal frame - painted. (rated H); Plenum space above 

interior ceiling: heavy bronze (rated H)

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H/N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 5 EA

PRIORITY: HISTORICAL/SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY: Uneven and dull black coating on bronze doors; north door is out of 

plum causing serious ware on threshold; non-historic aluminum store-fronts at 

both south and north entrances are inappropriate for building.

RECOMMENDATION: Restore the original appearance of the bronze (reddishgolden brown patina); Rehang north door to eliminate ware on threshold; Relocate 

handicapped access button from surface of north door; Remove bronze colored 

aluminum store-front and door at south and north entrances and replace with 

total glass system. 

COST ESTIMATE for demolition: $1500 for bronze restoration: $20,800.00

EXTERIOR 4149 Ext. Window Glazing: Glass

EXTERIOR 4150 Ext. Door Unit: Aluminum/ 

Bronze
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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76

FEATURE DESCRIPTION:Outer: bronze colored

aluminum store-front, double size with transom

above (rated N) ; Inner: heavy bronze (rated H)

FEATURE NOTES: Basement: arched top metal

frame - painted.(rated H); Plenum space above

interior ceiling: heavy bronze (rated H)

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H/N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 5 EA

EXTERIOR 4150 Exterior Door Unit: Bronze
APPENDIX C

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Outer threshold: bronze colored aluminum storefront, double size with transom above (rated N); Inner threshold: heavy bronze 

(rated H); Basement: arched top metal frame - painted. (rated H); Plenum space 

above interior ceiling: heavy bronze (rated H)

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: N/H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 5 EA

PRIORITY: HISTORIC/SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY / RECOMMENDATION: See 4150 Ext. Door Unit

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Outer threshold: aluminum entrances doors with full 

glass, 2'-5"x7'-0"/ Inner threshold: large bronze double doors with recessed panels and studs, 2'-6"x 9'-10" 

FEATURE NOTES: Basement: arched top kalemein-clad door with glass.; Plenum 

space above interior ceiling: single kalemein-clad door with recessed panel. 

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 9 EA

PRIORITY: HISTORIC/SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY / RECOMMENDATION: See 4150 Ext. Door Unit

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Grade entrance: Granite molding 11" wide with projecting cornice at both entrances; Basement: Wood trim at basement door. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 50 LF

PRIORITY: MINOR 

DEFICIENCY: Wood trim at basement door is loose.

EXTERIOR 4151 Ext. Door Frame: Aluminum/ 

Bronze

EXTERIOR 4152 Ext. Door: Aluminum/ 

Bronze 

EXTERIOR 4153 Ext. Door trim: Granite/Wood
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Outer threshold: standard push/pull, hinges and holders; Inner threshold: lion's head relief with pull ring in center round; bronze lever 

in stile. Bolts in top and bottom of fixed panel of double doors; Basement Door: 

round knob & escutcheon; Plenum space above interior ceiling: round knob & 

escutcheon

FEATURE NOTES: Door stops, detached wood blocks with springs. 

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 9 EA

PRIORITY: HISTORIC/SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY: Uneven and dull black coating; loosened and strained handles.

RECOMMENDATION: See 4150 Ext. Door Unit

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Large bronze floorplate at entrance doors

FEATURE NOTES: South door plate is worn smooth; North door plate scratched 

since door out of plum.

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2 EA

PRIORITY: SERIOUS 

DEFICIENCY: Uneven and dull black coating; worn and scratched.

RECOMMENDATION: Consult metals conservator. 

COST ESTIMATE: See 4150 Ext. Door Unit

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite with cornice. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2 EA

EXTERIOR 4154 Ext. Door Hardware: Aluminum/ 

Bronze

EXTERIOR 4155 Ext. Door Sill: Bronze

EXTERIOR 4158 Ext. Door Lintel: Granite
APPENDIX C

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Outer threshold: aluminum entrances doors - single 

thickness glass with solar film in doors & transom; Basement: translucent wire 

glass 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2 EA

PRIORITY: HISTORIC 

DEFICIENCY: Visually inappropriate rose-tinted film on North and South entrance 

doors. 

RECOMMENDATION: See 4149 Ext. Window Glazing estimate accounts for 

removal of tint on existing aluminum doors.

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Granite slabs form risers (5") & treads (20"); Monumental stairs: 30' wide in front - 56 risers; Secondary stairs to terrace: 9' wide on 

North, East, and West approaches- 2 risers each.

FEATURE NOTES: Monumental stair last repaired and repointed in 1990

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD (3000 SF); FAIR (300 SF); POOR (60SF)

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 3360.0 SF

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: Chipped and eroding stone corners; failed sealant joints. 

RECOMMENDATION: Replace/patch with like or compatible substitute materials. 

Repoint joints. 

COST ESTIMATE: Materials: $1000 Labor: $10,000 Total: $11,000 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION:Concrete stair to basement (38 SF); concrete foundation for terrace stairs 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 3400.0 SF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: No handrail or guardrail at terrace stairs; 30" wide by 

EXTERIOR 4159 Ext. Door Glazing: Glass

EXTERIOR 4170 Ext. Stair/Ramp Surface: Granite

EXTERIOR 4171 Ext. Stair/Ramp Structure: Concrete

EXTERIOR 4173 Ext. Stair/Ramp Railing: Metal
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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6" high (minimum) stone coping beside front steps (280 LF), 20" coping around 

terrace & other terrace stairs (260 LF); non-historic mounted on entrance to basement 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H/N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 540.0 LF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Ladder to roof: iron bars inserted between stone 

courses on north elevation; ladder projects around cornice; incorporated pulley 

system

FEATURE NOTES: A loose wood ladder with pipe rungs (stored in basement, 117" 

long, 14" wide) with steel hooks at top to connect to steel rungs imbedded in 

building on North side. 

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 3 EA

PRIORITY: CRITICAL

DEFICIENCY: Rusting iron; loose wall connectors.

RECOMMENDATION: Clean and refinish ladder. Secure steel rungs to wall.Consult specialist to develop new safety harness system.

COST ESTIMATE for replacement: Materials: $1350 Labor/Equipment: $1150 

Total: $2500 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Coal chute with granite surround and iron cover.

FEATURE NOTES: Circular opening located to the east of the North entrance. 

Provided grade access to furnace in basement.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Air space (4" wide) in exterior wall vented with copper 

grille at base of wall and turned brick in plenum space above interior ceiling. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

EXTERIOR 4190 Ext. Other: Ladder Iron/Wood

EXTERIOR 4190 Ext. Other: Coal Chute Granite/Iron

EXTERIOR 4190 Ext. Other: Wall Vent Copper
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TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: The grille has fairly uniform coating of verdigris corrosion. There 

does not appear to be significant or rapid deterioration. 

RECOMMENDATION: The grille should be gently cleaned and the verdigris left in 

place. 

COST ESTIMATE: $300

Walls - Ceilings - Floors - Windows - Doors - Finishes

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Plaster, painted (2820 SF);concrete, painted, in basement (1000 SF)

FEATURE NOTES: In 1941 two of the four marble plaques were temporarily covered over with plaster. In 1959 all four marble plaques (one on either side of two 

entrance doors) were removed and plaster was installed to match remaining blank 

panels.

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H/T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 3820 SF

PRIORITY: HISTORIC

DEFICIENCY: Poorly executed plaster repairs (uneven textures); spray-applied 

and brush applied "skim coat" thick coating which has left drips and a very rough 

texture showing on the painted surfaces.

RECOMMENDATION: Replace marble plaques. Resurface plaster per historic finish (to resemble cut stone). 

COST ESTIMATE: Restoration of Plaster: $65,200 Re-painting walls:

$32,000 Total: $97,200

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Masonry building tile 12" thick, separated from outer 

structure by 4" air space; note: basement concrete not included 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 3880 SF

INTERIOR ENVELOPE

INTERIOR 4210 Int. Wall Surface/Cover: Plaster/Stucco

INTERIOR 4211 Int. Wall Structure Masonry
Feature Inventory & Condition Assessment - Memorial Building

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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: WAINSCOT: Marble wainscot with base & cap (138 LF, 

605 SF), PLASTER MOLDING: picture molding approx. 2' from ceiling (152 LF) 

FEATURE NOTES: The cornice and neck moulding have been patched and 

repaired repeatedly. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H/T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 290 LF

PRIORITY: SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY: WAINSCOT: deeper scratches and gouges; dull finish. PLASTER 

MOLDING: Fine white mycelia growth; small dots or "freckles" of rust stain, condensation droplets, indicating that water is migrating over metal work somewhere. 

Profiles were not run using an accurate template mounted on a "horse" in the 

craftsmanlike manner. 

RECOMMENDATION: WAINSCOT: Clean and repolish the marble. The deeper 

scratches and gouges shall be honed out before repolishing. After repolishing, no 

protective coating should be applied. Rather, the marble should simply be cleaned 

with a mild detergent (or a conservatorial nonionic detergent) and water, dried 

with a chamois cloth, and if necessary, buffed with a lambswool buffer to bring up 

the polish again. PLASTER MOLDING: Determine where water is migrating from 

and eliminate access point(s). Clean, repair cracks, and resurface plaster to historic profiles/finish. 

COST ESTIMATE for restoration of marble: $4.00 per sq. ft. Total: $10,500 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Exhibit Hall: flat plaster, painted (1160 SF)- see ceiling trim and ornament; Basement ceiling: concrete, painted (660 SF)

FEATURE NOTES: copper covered ceiling lights with acrylic panels (240 SF)

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H/N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2060 SF

PRIORITY: SERIOUS/HISTORIC

DEFICIENCY: Exhibit Hall: historic copper ceiling grid with non-historic acrylic 

panels. Plaster: fine white mycelia growth; small dots or "freckles" of rust stain, 

condensation droplets, indicating that water is migrating over metal. 

RECOMMENDATION: Remove non-historic acrylic panels and replace with material similar to frosted glass to restore ceiling to historic period 1909-ca1911. 

INTERIOR 4213 Int. Wall Trim Marble/Plaster

INTERIOR 4220 Int. Ceiling Surface/Cover Plaster/Copper
APPENDIX C

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Determine where water is migrating from and eliminate access point(s). Clean and 

repair cracks (see Preservation Brief #21: Repairing Historic Flat Plaster-Walls and 

Ceilings). Remove non-historic plenum and lights. Rehabilitate lighting conditions 

with side wall mounted lighting system.

COST ESTIMATE for replacing panels: Materials: $9000 Labor: $2400 Total: 

$11,400; for removing plenum: Labor: $1800; for replacing lights: Materials: 

$1000 Labor: $2000 Total: $3000

Total: $16,200

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Suspended reinforced concrete slab (1160 SF), steel 

hangers support ceiling light frame. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 152 SF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Decorative plaster cornice, painted. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H/T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 152 SF

PRIORITY: SERIOUS

DEFICIENCY: Fine white mycelia growth; small dots or "freckles" of rust stain, 

condensation droplets, indicating that water is migrating over metal work somewhere. Profiles were not run using an accurate template mounted on a "horse" in 

the craftsmanlike manner. 

RECOMMENDATION: Determine where water is migrating from and eliminate 

access point(s). Clean, repair cracks and repaint plaster. Remove excess plaster to 

reastablish historic profile. If necessary remove improper patch and repair using 

proper preservation methods (see NPS Preservation Brief 23: Preserving Historic 

Ornamental Plaster). 

COST ESTIMATE: See 4210 for cost.

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Plaster rosettes in square coffering. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

INTERIOR 4221 Int. Ceiling Structure Concrete

INTERIOR 4223 Int. Ceiling Trim Plaster

INTERIOR 4224 Int. Ceiling Ornament Plaster
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TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: The thick spray coating has gathered in drips at the ends of all 

downward curving points on the rosettes. While this is not a condition that endangers the plasterwork and probably is not noticed by visitors to the building, it nevertheless adds to the general degrading of the original well-defined surfaces, 

mouldings, and details of plasterwork on the interior.

RECOMMENDATION: Remove excess spray coating to re-establish historic profile.(see NPS Preservation Brief 23: Preserving Historic Ornamental Plaster). 

COST ESTIMATE: See 4210 for cost.

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Brick (730 SF) laid in herringbone pattern with Tennessee 

marble borders & squares (200 SF); Unreinforced concrete fill with projecting 

gravel in and around cabin. (470 SF). Bare concrete floor in basement (660 SF)

FEATURE NOTES: The floor of the cabin was historically concrete. Due to extensive cracking and patching of the floor and the interest by park staff in providing a 

more realistic appearance to the cabin floor a new floor was installed in 1959. The 

new floor was made of clay and glue with wire mesh laid (1") over the historic 

concrete to simulate a smooth, hard packed, dark earth floor with cracks. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD/FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2060 SF

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: Non-historic clay floor in cabin

RECOMMENDATION: Remove simulated clay floor in cabin and restore concrete 

floor per historic period 1909 - ca1911 

COST ESTIMATE for removal and replacement of concrete: Materials: $1100 

Labor/Equipment: $8800 Total: $9000; for restoration of marble: included in 

4213.

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Concrete (one way span 84") slab with E-W beam (10" 

wide x 14" deep plus slab), concrete slab on grade in basement.

FEATURE NOTES: Concrete beam has vertical crack (0.1"±) directly over each 

brick pier.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

INTERIOR 4230 Int. Floor Surface/Cover Brick/Marble

INTERIOR 4231 Int. Floor Structure Concrete
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TOTAL INVENTORY: 2060 SF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Splayed plaster jambs around openings, raised plaster 

molding around all windows from wainscot up 14'.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 960 LF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Marble molding with projecting cornice at both 

entrances, same as exterior, sides 11", cornice 29"

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 50 LF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Circa 1959 blue-tone color schedule on walls and ceiling.

FEATURE NOTES: Accent colors on architectural molding, rosettes, etc.

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 290 LF

PRIORITY: HISTORIC

DEFICIENCY: Non-historic interior finishes.

RECOMMENDATION: Paint plaster interior per historic period 1909 - ca1933 (see 

Materials Analysis). When the building is repainted, and loose material is 

removed, it is very important to have surface preparation done which carefully 

removes all unevenness--i.e., sand down the edges where heavy build-up meets 

bare substrate.

COST ESTIMATE : see 4210 for cost.

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Air space (4" wide) in exterior wall vented with bronze 

INTERIOR 4253 Int. Window Trim Plaster

INTERIOR 4253 Int. Door Trim Marble

INTERIOR 4253 Int. Finishes Paint/Clear Coat

INTERIOR 4290a Int. Envelope: Wall Grille 

Plate

Bronze
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HVAC grille plate 

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR/FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 4 EA

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: Surface is dull and dirty.

RECOMMENDATION: The grille should be gently cleaned/polished and the verdigris left in place. 

COST ESTIMATE: $1000.00

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Bronze stanchions, set on the interior marble border, connected by chains to surround the cabin. 

FEATURE CONDITION: FAIR

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1200 LF

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: Uneven and dull black coating.

RECOMMENDATION: The posts should be straightened and either cleaned and 

polished and protected, to let the wear of the years show, or repatinated to match 

the rest of the bronze. The chains should be treated in the same manner as the 

posts. 

COST ESTIMATE: $14,200.00 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Built-up roof (1500 SF); includes built up roof over 

South portico (behind low parapet wall). 

FEATURE NOTES: Building last reroofed in 1981

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR

HISTORIC RATING: N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1500 SQ

PRIORITY: CRITICAL

INTERIOR 4290b Int. Envelope: stanchions/

chains

Bronze

ROOF

ROOF 4310 Roof Surface/Cover: Built-up
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DEFICIENCY: Loose and open seams.

RECOMMENDATION: Repair loose and open seams. Roofing consultant should 

be hired to evaluate condition of overall roofing system. Total replacement of roofing may be needed. 

COST ESTIMATE for roof replacement (Asphalt flood coat): Materials: 

$30,000 Labor/Equipment: $50,000 Total: $80,000 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Reinforced concrete roof slab over concrete beams, 

accessible through exterior hatch.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1500 SF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Scuttle located in center of roof section near ladder 

provides access to plenum space above interior ceiling and below reinforced concrete roof slab.

FEATURE NOTES: No roof vents from plenum

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Skylight of "pavement lights" located in center of 

building (240 SF)

FEATURE NOTES: Area between pavement lights & ceiling light has been boxed 

in with plywood & equipped with fluorescent lighting to provide uniform illumination. 

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR

HISTORIC RATING: H/T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA (pavement lights - 240 SF)

PRIORITY: CRITICAL

DEFICIENCY: Corroded and damaged skylight frame with broken and loose wire 

glass; dirty and cracked glass block. Skylight blocked by plenum barrier.

RECOMMENDATION: Repair and resurface skylight and glassblock. Consider use 

ROOF 4311 Roof Structure Concrete

ROOF 4321 Roof Hatch Wood

ROOF 4323 Skylight Metal/Glass Block
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of conservation-tested glazing system for greenhouse enclosure. Remove plenum 

according to Interior 4220. 

COST ESTIMATE for replacement of skylight and glassblock: Materials: 

$22,000+$5800=$27,800 Labor: $3500+$3900=$7400 Protection: $4224 Total: 

$39,424 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Flue is enclosed in rear wall between windows (8 1/

2"x18"), a terra cotta shaft extends above parapet 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 42 LF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Base flashing & counterflashing around edges 

FEATURE CONDITION: POOR

HISTORIC RATING: N

TOTAL INVENTORY: 160 LF

PRIORITY: CRITICAL

DEFICIENCY: Parapet wall flashing has become detached on portion of South 

side. 

RECOMMENDATION: Repair loose and open seams. Roofing consultant should 

be hire to evaluate condition of overall roofing system. Total replacement of roofing may be needed. 

COST ESTIMATE: Materials: $6000 Labor: $2500 Total: $8500

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Scuppers at roof parapet with copper leader heads 

and downspout above cornice, drain through cornice with copper leader heads 

and downspout below, cast iron shoe drains into pavement (26" high), 4 shoe 

drains

FEATURE NOTES: Portico has a projecting scupper on East and West sides. Basement has two floor drains and the basement stairwell has one floor drain. 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H/T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 16 EA

ROOF 4330 Chimney Terra Cotta

ROOF 4340 Roof Flashing Built-up

ROOF 4350 Roof Drainage System Copper
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Copper downspouts 5"x3", 2 per side, 4 copper brackets per downspout.

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD (124LF)/FAIR (6 LF)

HISTORIC RATING: H/T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 130 LF

PRIORITY: MINOR

DEFICIENCY: Broken downspout mounting bracket

RECOMMENDATION: Repair/ reattach

COST ESTIMATE: Materials: $60 Labor: $60 Total: $ 120

See Cultural Landscape Report.

The building, constructed in 1911 and without any insulation, is served by a split, 

direct exchange (DX) air conditioning system consisting of one ten ton outdoor condensing unit connected to two 150,000 Btuh gas furnaces, twinned together. This system was installed in 1994. The furnaces, located in the basement, support a common 

ten ton evaporative coil, a steam humidifier, and are controlled by a single electromechanical thermostat which is mounted on the main level inside the historic cabin. 

The humidifier, controlled by humidity sensors mounted on the return air plenum in 

the basement, normally operates only in the winter months when cold outside air is 

heated to comfort levels thus reducing its moisture content to humidity levels below 

that required for preservation of the resource and visitor comfort. The ductwork, also 

installed in 1994, consists of two main supply trunks, each serving two sidewall supply registers in the conditioned space. Likewise, two return air plenums connect to 

large floor return grilles adjacent to the cabin. In lieu of modern registers, historic 

grilles, carryovers from early heating and ventilation system, are used for the sidewall 

air moving devices. Indications from park personnel as well as a history of temperature and humidity as recorded by a hygrothermograph, also located inside the cabin, 

show that the unit performs superior in temperature control and above average in the 

ROOF 4351 Gutter/Downspout Copper

GENERAL BUILDING/ SITE

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: UTILITIES

MECHANICAL (HVAC) SYSTEM 
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control of relative humidity. 

However, there are several shortcomings that the park emphasized during some periods throughout the seasons and under certain conditions: 

1. Excessive condensation on the inside of the windows during periods of very high 

humidity in the summer and extremely cold days in the winter. Water is reported to 

actually flow down the inside of the walls. 

2. Conditioned air (cold in the summer and hot in the winter) blows directly on the 

wall of the cabin, thus providing a threat to the stability of the park's most important 

resource. Also, thorough mixing with room air, which is necessary for proper air conditioning function, is also hampered in that much of the air is short-circuited into the 

floor return air grilles. 

3. The thermostat location inside the cabin is not exposed to a representative air flow 

and thus may contribute to unsatisfactory temperature and humidity control. However, a study of the hygrothermograph charts indicate that temperature control is not 

necessarily a significant problem, although humidity control is a problem.

Electrical service is furnished to the building by an underground high Voltage primary 

to a pad-mounted transformer located approximately 25 feet from the East wall of the 

Memorial Building. The transformer and all underground primary cable is under the 

ownership and responsibility of the power company, Kentucky Utility (KU). The secondary service to the building consists of a set of 4/0 AWG copper condutors running 

underground in steel conduit to the service disconnect in the basement, consisting of 

a 200 Amp three phase (3 f) fused disconnect containing three 200 Amp fuses. Service Voltage is 120/240 Volts, 3 f delta with a "high leg" of 208 Volts to ground. The 

disconnect feeds two disconnects and one lighting panel. The first disconnect is a 100 

Amp 3 f switch serving the outdoor condensing unit. The second is a 30 Amp 3 f 

switch which feeds the humidifier. The panel is a 125 Amp sub-panel which is protected by a 100 Amp main and serves six branch circuits: A 20 Amp circuit to each air 

handler, one 20 Amp circuit feeding the mechanical door opener, three 20 Amp lighting circuits, and one 15 Amp receptacle circuit. Besides the lighting in the basement, 

the major lighting load consists of 15- two lamp fluorescent fixtures in a cavity several 

feet below the upper ceiling. Although the fixtures do not have lenses, a a set of plastic panels filter the light into the Memorial Building. Most of the equipment has been 

upgraded over the years and is therefore in good condition. However, deficiencies and 

violations of the National Electrical Code (N.E.C.) were noted and are summarized 

below: 

1. The "high leg" conductor of the three f service is required to be identified with an 

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:
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orange marking, usually a plastic tape. Only the service disconnect contained markings on the high leg conductor, which consisted of three red pieces of tape. The other 

two disconnects were not labelled at all. 

2. At least one circuit, a 20 Amp lighting circuit, used a cloth-insulated conductor 

which is obsolete. 

3. There was evidence of moisture infiltrating the service disconnect and the trough 

below it. 

4. The lighting panel is a subpanel which cannot have a bonding jumper between the 

neutral and ground buses (N.E.C. Section 250-23). However, this subpanel not only 

has such a bonding jumper, but neutral and equipment grounding conductors are connected to both of them in no particular fashion. 

5. Splices were made inside the new lighting panel in order for the branch circuit wiring to "reach" the new circuit breakers. Splices are not permitted inside panelboards 

but should be placed in junction or splice boxes outside of the panel. 

The plumbing system consists of a single water 3/4" water line which enters the basement with the refrigerant and electrical lines going out to the condenser, runs down 

the North wall of the basement, and terminates into a hose bibb. There are several 

floor drains throughout the basement floor as well, but since there is not sanitary 

sewer, it is assumed that they drain either into the ground or a storm sewer. 

PLUMBING SYSTEM:
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APPENDIX D

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The Traditional Lincoln Birthplace Cabin, is a round and 

hewn log building consisting of one room with a 3/4 

height log chimey and wood gable roof. The cabin is 

presently housed in the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building and has a total floor area of 225 square 

feet.
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Walls - Ornament - Ceilings - Floors - Windows - Doors - Finishes

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: V-notched logs with mud chinking 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD 

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 700.0 SF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Mud chinking made from local clay fills the openings between logs

FEATURE NOTES: Quantity does not include chinking between chimney stricks

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 550.0 LF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: one vertical timber on each side of opening held in place 

with wooden pegs

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

EXTERIOR ENVELOPE

EXTERIOR 4111 Ext. Wall Structure: Logs

EXTERIOR 4113 Ext. Wall Trim: Mud

EXTERIOR 4141 Ext. Window Frame Wood
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Log - continuous below window opening

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2.6 LF 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Three vertical boards pegged to wooden hinges which 

pivot on a frame pegged to cabins wall/ shutter opens inward

FEATURE NOTES: Approx. 2' 4" square. A small pivoting catch would hold shutter 

closed. There is no window sash, only this shutter.

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Log - continuous above window opening

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2.5 LF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: One vertical timber on each side of opening held in place 

with wooden pegs

FEATURE NOTES: 2'8" x 6'3"

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

EXTERIOR 4143 Ext. Window Sill: Wood

EXTERIOR 4147 Ext. Window shutters: Wood

EXTERIOR 4148 Ext. Window Lintel: Wood

EXTERIOR 4151 Ext. Door Frame: Wood 
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Vertical boards pegged to wooden braces and hinges 

which pivot on two brackets pegged to cabin/ door opens inward.

FEATURE NOTES: 

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Log - continuous below door opening

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 2'8" LF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Log - continuous above door opening

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H 

EXTERIOR 4152 Ext. Door: Wood-board/batten 

EXTERIOR 4155 Ext. Door Sill/threshold: Wood

EXTERIOR 4158 Ext. Door Lintel: Wood
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Smooth clay surface made from clay and white glue/ surface has natural cracks. 

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 170 SF

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Flate board mantel supported by two pegs in log above 

fireplace. 

FEATURE NOTES: The firebox is lined with stone and mud to a height of 55'-0"

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: H

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

FEATURE DESCRIPTION:Wood shingle roof held in place by overlaying poles with 

blocks between/ shakes are approx. 36" long

FEATURE NOTES: Consult Historic Structure Preservation Guide 19:Cleaning and 

Maintaining Wood Shingle Roofs

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 3.0 SQ

INTERIOR ENVELOPE

INTERIOR 4210 Int. Floor Surface Clay

INTERIOR 4218 Int. Fireplace Brick

ROOF

GENERAL 4310 Wood-shingle: Wood
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Five poles spanning between end walls. 

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD 

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Three-quarter height chimney (approx. 8'-6" high) of log, 

sticks and mud/ back of chimney is 5 logs with sticks above. 

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

FEATURE DESCRIPTION: Three (3) switches near floor below cabin window control 

lighting in Memorial Building- one (1) duplex on floor and two (2) inside fireplace. 

FEATURE NOTES: Thermostat mounted on cabin wall between door and window controls HVAC for Memorial Building

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

GENERAL 4311 Roof Structure Wood frame

GENERAL 4330 Chimney Brick

UTILITY SYSTEMS

EXTERIOR 5420 Primary Elect. Dist. System
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FEATURE DESCRIPTION:Cabin is not open to the public/ one door provides access 

FEATURE NOTES:

FEATURE CONDITION: GOOD

HISTORIC RATING: T

TOTAL INVENTORY: 1 EA

FIRE/LIFE/HEALTH SAFTY

FIRE SAFTY 4711 Means of Egress: N/A
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APPENDIX E

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The following assessment and recommendation is derived from the ABLI Collection Management Plan - 1992, 

Collection Condition Survey, and the HSR Assessment 

Team. 

ABLI Collection Overview

The museum collection at ABLI numbers 466 objects. 

The majority consists of archival/photographic objects, 

which are kept in storage. Two of the objects on exhibit 

embody primary importance to the park: the Traditional 

Birthplace Cabin and the Lincoln Family Bible.

The Traditional Lincoln Birthplace Cabin is a one-room 

structure made primarily of white and red oak with clay 

chinking. The history of the cabin prior to 1860 is unsubstantiated, however after 1860 it was dismantled and 

reerected at several locations before being purchased 

and returned to the vicinity of the point where Thomas 

Lincoln built his log home in 1808. The Lincoln Farrm Association (LFA) returned the cabin for the sole purpose of 
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erecting a memorial to Abraham Lincoln. 

To build this memorial they raised funds, 

on a national level, and kept extensive 

records of all donations. The new memorial building did not sufficiently house the 

cabin and the cabin was cut off approximatly 4"-0" in one direction and 1'-0" in 

the other. None of the chinking is original. Recent improvements in security 

procedures and environmental standards 

follow the Regional Curator's recommendations made in November 1986.

Condition Assessment

The cabin in general is in good condition. 

However the lack of baseline photographic documentation makes a detail 

assessment of ongoing deterioration difficult. Vandalism by park visitor appears 

to be the primary cause of the loss and 

damage of historic fabric. 

Control of temperature and relative humidity levels inside the memorial building has been a recognized, long-standing 

problem. This is a monumental problem, 

both from a technical standpoint and 

from a esthetic standpoint. The decision 

to place the log cabin inside the memorial building was beneficial in that the 

cabin is well protected from the majority 

of the outside elements. The downside of 

this is that the design of the memorial 

building presently does not allow for an 

"air-lock" for visitors entering the building. Thus, every time a door is opened 

the temperature and the relative humidity fluctuates. The attempts to alleviate 

temperature and relative humidity fluctuations by the installation of an Armstrong control system have not worked 

as expected. It appears that the humidistat (located in the basement) is reading the relative humidity of the basement 

area, not the memorial room where the 

cabin is located. It is recommended that 

the control humidistat be moved to the 

upper level inside the building " recommendations in the instruction manual 

p.9, "The control humidistat should be 

located where it will be exposed to the 

average air condition of the space to be 

humidified". Because the sensor unit has 

been installed in the basement this system is not reading the temperature and 

relative humidity in the desired area.

Only the interior of the cabin is being environmentally monitored with a hygrothermograph. From January 1 until June 

14, 1987, the instrument was located in 

the front of the cabin. See Table I for a 

month by month analysis of the readings.
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Table 1: Synopsis of Environmental Monitoring by Month

Month Temperature (°F) Relative Humidity

JAN Relatively stable around 68° during 

the hours the building was closed.During operating hours there were eight 

days of serious fluctuation (from 66° 

to 80° then back down to 68°)

 FEB First half of month repeated the Jan 

trends. Last half leveled out during 

operating hours. Most variation 

around 7th-8th with a 22 degree difference over 24 hrs.

RH showed the greatest variation during hours of operation. There was a 

gradual increase overall during the 

month from about 40% to 50% by 

end of month.

MAR Leveled out at around 70°.Greatest 

variation came around March 10 when 

it dropped to 57° just before opening. 

Opening hours showed greatest variation.

There was generally a 10% difference 

on a daily basis. First half of month 

between 35% and 45%. Last half of 

month between 40% and 50%.

APR Stabilized around 70°. First half of month fairly stable around 

45%. Greater variation the last half of 

the month topping 65% on two occasions.

MAY Remained fairly stable with a gradual 

rise from around 70° up to about 76° 

around May 16, 19, 24, and 30.

Great fluctuations including a 15% 

drop over a 12 hour period from 72% 

to 55%.

JUN Fairly stable around 72°. Great variations especially over 60 

hour period June 14, 15, and 16 when 

RH was fluctuating 10% hourly, while 

the overall reading was rising from 

49% to 72% then back to 49%.

JUL Fairly stable around 72-74°. Between 

72° and 78°. 

Fluctuated between 50% and 70% 

until mid-month when it leveled out 

around 50%-55%.

AUG Between 72° and 78°. In the 50%-60% range most of 

month. Almost on a daily basis it 

would rise above 60% usually during 

day. Last week leveled out.

SEP Stable around 76° falling to about 70° 

by month's end.

In the 50%-60% range, going over 

60% first & last weeks of month.

OCT Fairly stable around 74°. Stable between 40% - 50%.
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Special Directive 80-1 (Revised 1986) 

identifies the recommended temperature 

and relative humidity (RH) levels as: "In 

exhibit and storage spaces, where comfort of people is a factor, the recommended levels are 18-20°C (64 - 68°F) 

... Relative humidity is one of the most 

important environmental factors to control. It is also one of the most difficult. . . 

Ideally fluctuations should not exceed 

±3% RH per month. . . Relative Humidity 

levels are maintained below 65% RH to 

reduce the potential for mold." Monitor 

for a minimum of one year before setting 

target temperature and relative humidity 

settings. Highs and lows for each month 

are included in Table 2. 

The memorial building has a humidifier 

on the heating system. 

On November 18, the exhibit areas were 

monitored for both ultraviolet light and 

for visible light intensity as measured in 

footcandles. 

Environmental Conditions and Monitoring Recommendations

1. Purchase a minimum of one hygrothermographs to monitor the memorial building. Manually-read 

instruments, such as thermohygrometers work equally well but must be 

monitored daily to get complete 

readings. 

2. Investigate a climate control system 

for the memorial building in order to 

control fluctuations in temperature 

and relative humidity. The installation 

of any extensive system would 

involve the expertise and assistance 

of regional architects, engineers, and 

curators. Base the building's needs 

on the established baseline data of 

temperature and humidity gathered 

through environmental monitoring. 

The analysis of environmental data 

shows a great deal of seasonal variation of temperature and relative 

humidity. However, some stability 

exists in April. This may be due to 

changes in operating procedure: limiting the number of persons allowed 

in at one time, keeping the door 

closed, etc. During summer months 

the temperature remains high, partly 

as a result of heavy visitation and the 

frequent opening and closing of the 

door. Excessive heat in the winter 

drastically lowers the 23 relative 

humidity. For hygroscopic materials, 

such as chinking and plaster, this 

proves disastrous. The practice of 

Table 2: High and Low Temperature (°F) 

 Month High Temp. Low Temp.

January 82 58

February 82

60

55

32

March 73

57

59

33

April 72

63

66

37

May 74

64

71

48

 June 77

67

 72

45

 July 78

68

71

46

August 78

?

66

46

 September 78

68

66

49

October 76

72

65

40
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opening the doors on "nice" days 

defeats the purpose of an HVAC and 

humidification and/or dehumidification system. The added fluctuations 

this creates makes the system overwork to compensate. The same is 

true if the systems are shut off at 

night, fluctuations will still exist. 

3. Institute an Integrated Pest Management Program using the guidelines in 

the NPS, Museum Handbook, Part I, 

Chapter 5, Biological Infestation. At 

one point, wood weevils were noted 

in the cabin, treated, and have not 

retured. The cabin was monitored for 

pests by a park ranger who worked 

at the park from 1989 until 1991. 

4. Inspect the cabin chinking regularly 

and note/photograph any damage. 

Differentiate between environmental 

damage and vandalism. 

5. A large photograph of each side 

(inside and outside) of the cabin 

should be made to provide baseline 

information to monitor loss and damage of historic fabric from environmental conditions and vandalism. 

When taking this photograph the distance from the wall, the height of the 

camera, and the lens used should be 

noted. On these photographs grids 

should be made. Each section of the 

grids should be numbered. Each grid 

section should then be rephotographed in detail with the grid number, a measuring stick, and date in 

the photo. If there are cracks, holes, 

mud dauber nests or any other 

defects, these should be documented 

in writing. It is suggested that a 

notebook be maintained with an individual page(s) for each grid section. 

Each section should contain the first 

photograph with a written description 

of all defects and measurements. 

Additional photographs and comments should be attached as monitoring proceeds. It is very important 

that relative humidity and temperature logs be maintained and correlated with the photographs. As or 

when changes occur in the building 

they should be noted in the documentation. It should be remembered 

that most changes in cracks (their 

width) will not occur at exactly the 

same time as a change in the temperature and relative humidity. They 

usually will take some time to evidence themselves. 

6. Attempt to maintain light levels to a 

maximum of up to 300 lux (30 footcandles) as per the recommended 

light levels (visible) found in Special 

Directive 80-1 (Revised 1986). 

7. Cover fluorescent tubes with ultraviolet sleeves. Install warm white fluorescent bulbs in all fluorescent 

fixtures. Refer to Conserve 0 Gram 3/

4, "Light Filtering Screens". 

8. Contact the manufacturers of the UV 

film used in the memorial building to 

ascertain the amount of UV the film 

can block. UV readings have been 

reduced to 50 to 66, but the film or 

installation may be defective. 

9. Monitor light and temperature/

humidity quarterly. Use the environmental monitoring kit distributed 

from the Southeast Regional office. 
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Historical Architects, Park Staff, and I discussed several 

preservation-related concerns and treatment proposals 

being discussed in the Historic Structures Report for the 

Memorial Building. While in the Memorial Building we 

looked at the HVAC system, modern doors, the Ultra Violet (UV) light filtering film applied to the glazing, the corrugated acrylic panels added to the ceiling/skylight, and 

the interior plaster design details obscured by several 

coats of paint.

The park’s Conservation Survey described the building’s 

humidity control system as if it was operating based 

upon the humidity levels in the basement area of the 

building. However, while the mechanism controlling 

whether or not the humidity controls are engaged is in 

the basement area, the sensors are in the air ducts and 

monitoring relative humidity levels in air from the exhibit 

space and not the basement. It appears as if the Conservation Survey includes inaccurate statements and 

incorrect assumptions about the building’s HVAC system. 

Another aspect of the HVAC system we discussed is the 

Editor’s Note

On June 2, 2000 SERO 

Chief Curator Allen 

Bohnert visited the Memorial Building. The primary 

purpose of the trip was to 

consult with SERO Cultural 

Resources Historical Architects and park staff on the 

treatments proposed for 

the Memorial Building and 

the approaches taken to 

preserve the traditional 

Lincoln Birthplace Cabin. 

These comments from his 

trip report serve as an 

amendment to the earlier 

recommendations made in 

the 1992 Collection Management Plan. 
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proximity of the conditioned air vents to 

the return grills. We discussed the possibility of installing louvers in both grills to 

direct airflow away from the return vents 

and to draw air into the return ducts 

‘away from’ the conditioned air vents.

Concerns have been expressed about 

visual intrusiveness of the modern aluminum/glass doors. The original bronze 

doors reflect the monumental qualities of 

the building and are highly decorative. 

Replacing existing glass doors and aluminum framing elements is advisable. If 

the original doors are not going to be 

used and doors/framing recommended 

for installation that do not visually disrupt the building’s esthetic, it should be 

possible to use frosted glazing or glazing 

with surface characteristics the both 

eliminate UV light and reflective glare.

The extant UV filtering film on the windows is tinted and clearly it can be 

replaced with clear UV filtering film. It 

will be advisable to determine how difficult it will be to remove the existing film 

and adhesive. Removal of such films 

may or may not be a complicated and 

difficult undertaking. Light levels entering the building through the windows will 

not adversely effect the cabin, and the 

UV filtering material does not need to 

reduce visible light to protect the cabin. 

There may be other reasons, such as 

heat build up in the building, to use a 

film that, while not colored, reduces the 

amount of visible light (radiant energy) 

entering the building. However, the 

window grates undoubtedly already help 

to sufficiently reduce light levels.

The removal of corrugated acrylic panels 

from the skylight area and replacing with 

frosted acrylic panels should be fine. It 

will be necessary to ensure the new 

acrylic panels eliminate UV light. The 

need to take every precaution to ensure 

no the cabin is not damaged while any of 

the above work, including removal of 

over painting on plaster design elements 

and the removal of the simulated clay 

floor inside the cabin, is well understood. 

Medium format photographs were taken 

of the cabin to provide comprehensive 

detailed photographic documentation of 

the cabin’s condition. This will essentially serve as ‘baseline’ condition data or 

documentation and should be included in 

the park’s archives. 
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The purpose of this paint and finishes study is to provide 

information about the sequence of paint and finishes on 

the interior of the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace building for 

the Historic Structure Report. No paints were found on 

the exterior, but the study does discuss the evidence of 

other finishes which were found on the bronze doors, 

door frames, vent grilles, and commemorative plaques.

In addition, the condition of all painted and finished surfaces was examined. The problems found are discussed, 

with general recommendations for remedying them. 

Underlying causes of actual or potential paint failure, 

such as failure of skylight flashing or lathing attachments, were not investigated as part of this paint study.

Site investigation was carried out over two days, October 

16 and 17, 1998. Laboratory work was done from October 18 through October 20. The site investigation, paint 

analysis, and report preparation was done by Sara B. 

Chase, Architectural Conservator, of Lexington, Massachusetts. Assistance was provided on-site by Tammy 

McKinney, Jenny Jones, and Gary Talley, Acting Superintendent.
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PAINT AND FINISH HISTORY SUMMARY

The structure which houses the Lincoln Birthplace cabin has only painted plaster and 

bronze as substrates for applied finishes. None of the architectural elements are made 

of wood. 

PAINTED PLASTER

Built in 1909, it has been painted over its entire painted surface seven times. A few 

areas show fewer layers of paint. That is due to repair/replacement of plaster in those 

places. All of the paints are oil paints; some appear to be matte and other have a 

higher gloss level but none higher than “satin.”

The predominantly blue color scheme is not original. The original paints had soft light 

gray and grayed cream hues--often termed “stone” colors. Evidence from work files 

on site indicate that the blue color scheme was first used in the extensive 1959 work, 

and has been repeated in subsequent interior paint jobs.

It is possible to conjecture that the building was painted at roughly these times: 

 -1909: original finish

 -1933: NPS is given responsibility for building

 -1944(?): some intervening time prior to 1959

 -1959: documented painting and color schedule

 -1977: documented painting

 -1983: documented painting

 -1995: documented painting

The samples with the greatest number of layers had seven layers of finish paint. The 

more recent four layers had blue tints. None of the three earlier layers found were 

blue. All paints were matte. There was evidence of a thin oil glaze over some dirt particles on the first and second layers.

It is reasonable to speculate that the original painted surfaces were given a thin coat 

of linseed oil in order to make them look better (at least shinier and less dull) when 

ownership of the building was transferred from the private group to the federal government in 1916. The second application of a thin coat of linseed oil over paint with 

microscopic dirt particles randomly distributed on its surface might have been done 

sometime between 1933 and 1959. If, as conjectured, the building was painted in c. 

1944 or 1945, the surface of the paint might have been “refreshed” with a thin coating of linseed oil prior to the 1959 work.

BRONZE

The bronze window frames, door frames, doors, and exterior plaques have a dull 

black-colored coating, partly worn off in some areas, which is not original. It covers 
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the original patination which appears to have been a warm brown, with slightly reddish tones. The bronze wall grilles are somewhat worn but mainly have their original 

soft gold-colored finish. The cellar door is kalemein-clad. Correspondence and other 

documents on file at the site confirm that substantial reconditioning work was done 

on the bronze doors in 1959.

CONDITION SUMMARY

PLASTER

 Two problem conditions were seen over all painted surfaces:

a) poorly executed plaster repairs

b) spray-applied and brush applied “skim coat” thick coating which has left drips 

and a very rough texture showing on the painted surfaces.

 On some of the moulded areas, the thick “skim coat” build-up is not well adhered to 

the underlying surface. The drips from the downward curving tips of the rosettes look 

almost like stalactites in most coffers. The overall effect of the thick, sprayed-on 

material is to reduce the original clean lines of the plaster trim work. What was very 

likely intended to look like cut stone now looks softly rounded at all edges. Photographs show many areas where moulding profiles were apparently repaired by handforming rather than by use of a template and “horse.”

In addition, there is some evidence of slow but steady water penetration. At the 

southeast corner and in several places along the west (from south to north), the flat 

ceiling areas have small colonies of some species of whitish and blackish mycelia 

growth. In the southeast corner there are also the small rust-colored dots and long 

almost microscopic cracks in the painted surface which suggest that water is slowly 

seeping in from above and gradually evaporating on the ceiling surface. These only 

appear on flat areas, not on the coffer rosettes. 

PAINT

The present paint color scheme is not the original color scheme. So far, no paint specifications by architect John Russell Pope have been found, but the paint evidence 

shows that the original intent was for the paint to have nearly neutral tones of the socalled stone colors. “Picking out” was subtle and minimal; the trim color was close to 

the wall color; the rosettes were a little deeper in tone. 

BRONZE

The primary condition to be remedied on the bronze doors, door frames, window 

frames, stanchions and chains, and exterior plaques is the removal of the uneven and 

dull black coating. There is also some corrosion occurring on the exterior commemo-
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rative plaques. The nearly uniform verdigris corrosion on the exterior vent grilles is 

acceptable and could be stabilized “as-is.”

TECHNIQUES OF ANALYSIS

The first step in examining painted finishes is to determine the layer sequences-the 

chromochronologies of each architectural feature. The challenge of taking samples of 

brittle plaster on which enough paint remained attached to substrate to allow for 

cross-sectioning was extreme. Thus, in order to minimize the destructive part of the 

sample taking, most samples here were taken with a NO. 18 blade X-acto knife down 

only to the original sealer coat on the plaster. Each sample then had to be carefully 

wrapped before it was placed in a coin envelope and then in a hard case for transportation to the laboratory. 

Observation and sampling was done from two platforms on a rolling stage, erected to 

give access to the ceiling and the tops of the window trim. 

The stage was rolled to each of the four comers of the chamber. In the northwest 

comer, the present park ranger’s desk had to be moved. Thus, the ceiling, walls, picture rail moulding, and window trim were examined and sampled in areas where the 

removal of material was not immediately evident to visitors. Only a few confirming 

samples were taken lower down. 

The number of areas cut into with the X-acto knife was not counted. The number of 

samples studied in the laboratory was 20. 

Lights were provided on site, using a 75 watt photo-reflector flood. All areas were 

examined using a lOx. Hasting triplet lens and a 3x visor, as well as a 24x Zeiss binocular lightweight microscope in the field. In the laboratory, examination was done 

using a Nikon s-10 stereozoom binocular microscope and two arm fiber optics light 

source. The microscope objective was covered with a daylight blue filter to correct for 

daylight color rendition. The bench mounted microscope has objectives which have a 

range from 40x to 200x. 

Cross-sectioning in the conventional manner was not possible due to the friable plaster substrate and the brittle paint layers. Thus, where layers did adhere to each other, 

cross-sections were carefully cut with the scalpel blade after the samples had been 

embedded in a hard paraffin base. (This is a technique used some years ago at the 

NPS laboratory formerly located in Building 28 at the Charlestown Navy Yard and now 

at the Boott Mill in Lowell, Massachusetts. It is still useful.) 

On samples where original paints were found, the original layer was exposed to UV 

light in a controlled setting for 48 hours. Because there was an oil medium, there was 

some reversing of the normal yellowing of linseed oil, but not as much as had been 

expected. This suggests that the original paints may have had a binding medium 

which was part linseed oil and part protein (hide glue), which does not yellow. That 
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may have been done to promote greater color stability (i.e., lack of color shift in the 

more shaded areas due to less exposure to natural UV from the skylight and side windows).

No good photographs showing the interior prior to the three-color blue scheme were 

seen at the site. However, the site staff were very helpful in bringing out and going 

through folders documenting work done as far back as 1959, with some mention of 

paint in the 1940’s. Other than that, the 1959 and post-1959 documentation is very 

clear and even includes paint chips from the Pratt and Lambert paint formulation-no 

pigments called out, but the bases and tint numbers of the paint company listed. 

INTERIOR FINISHES--HISTORY

The dates assigned to the painted finishes are based on documents which clearly confirm work done from 1959 to the present. The dates assigned to the painted finishes 

prior to 1959 are based on informed conjecture. In 1933, for example, responsibility 

for the building was transferred from the U.S. War Department to the National Park 

Service. If the building had not been repainted inside in 1916, when the private owners gave the building to the federal government, then we may reasonably assume 

that the Park Service did paint work sometime around 1933.

FIRST PERIOD: 1909 - c. 1933

The cornerstone was laid in 1909. Probably the first finish paint was not actually 

applied until 1910, or even 1911, closer to the opening date.

Floor/Wainscot:

The terrazzo floor and Tennessee marble floor border and wainscot were highly polished. The terrazzo and marble of the interior appear to have continued to be polished. However, as the conditions statement notes, the application of abrasive 

cleaners and possibly of some synthetic protective coating has left the marble with a 

dull surface. The floor is probably protected and polished by use of hard wax. The 

walls above the wainscot were painted with a soft light gray matte oil paint.

Neck, Trim, and Cornice Mouldings:

The neck moulding (not quite a picture rail) and the cornice moulding were a slightly 

lighter gray. Only the cornice elements and narrow neck moulding were picked out. 

Ceiling:

The ceiling was a very slightly rosy off-white. All elements of the ceiling except the 

rosettes in the centers of the coffers were painted the same color. The rosettes were 

painted a slightly deeper tint of the very slightly rosy off-white. 
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Bronze:

The bronze doors and frames, window sash frames, and stanchions appear to have 

had a warm reddish brown patina. The wall-mounted grilles and possibly the stanchion chains were a warm yellow gold color, apparently with a thin light brown shellac 

or varnish over bright metal.

SECOND PERIOD: c.1933 - c. 1944

This date was selected because it marks the transfer of responsibility for the Monument to the National Park Service. It is reasonable to speculate that after twenty-four 

years the interior would need to be repainted.

 Some time prior to the second repainting over the entire painted portion of the interior, a thin layer of clear linseed oil was applied over the original pale soft paints on 

the walls and ceiling. Because the oil yellows over time when not exposed to UV light, 

that initial light soft bluish gray of the walls now looks very slightly greenish, as does 

the cornice and ceiling. The next was not a monochrome over the entire painted portion of the interior.

Walls:

The paint was a slightly darker gray on the walls.

Neck, Trim, and Cornice Mouldings:

The mouldings were painted a lighter gray color -- the same tint as the original wall 

color.

Ceiling:

The ceiling was painted a soft cream color. All ceiling elements appear to have had the 

same paint. 

Bronze:

Neither documentation nor physical evidence give information about any treatment of 

the bronze elements of the interior at this time.

THIRD PERIOD: c. 1944 - 1959

Without documentary information it is not possible to date the paint layer which was 

applied some time after c. 1933 but prior to 1959. The 1959 shift to an interior color 

scheme which included three shades of blue paint is well documented. Three Finish 

paint layers lie beneath the blues. There is no evidence of water-base paint having 

ever been used on this interior, and so the first paint layer on undisturbed original 
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substrate may be designated as the original finish paint. The argument for supposing 

that c. 1933 is a reasonable date for the seco finish layer is stated above (Second 

Period...).

The walls were painted a pale soft cream color, with a very slight gloss, not totally 

matte. 

Neck and Cornice Mouldings:

These mouldings were ivory, again, not totally matte.

Ceiling:

The ceiling was also a cream color.

On the comers of the outermost flat band of trim moulding, the piece which returns to 

the wall, on two windows on the east wall and one on the south wall, there was a distinct medium reddish brown paint. A photomicrograph of one of these samples is 

attached to this report. The two earlier paint layers lie under it, and the blues (with 

white primers) lie on top of it. Perhaps it was scraped off from most of the window 

trim moulding areas because it was deteriorated and/or loose.

FOURTH PERIOD: 1959 - 1977

The 1959 paint scheme is well documented, as are the next three after it. Physical 

evidence in the building confirms the documents. In a letter to “Regional Director, 

Region One” dated February 3, 1959, Ernest L. Wright, Jr., Superintendent of the 

Abraham Lincoln NHP stated,”A well know (sic) Plasterer and Decorator were brought 

in for consultation on this work (‘repairing the Memorial Building interior’) and are in 

agreement as to how it should be accomplished.” On the second page of that document Wright stated, “ This sketch shows three different colors to outline the various 

mouldings and features of the walls and ceiling.” The sketches, actually scale elevations and a reflected ceiling plan, are not the only evidence of that first blue color 

scheme; actual color chips of the Pratt and Lambert paints used are on file. 

The walls are painted “ ‘Silver Blue’ - a mixture of 1 part ‘Delft Blue’and 2 parts 

‘White.’ 

All trim mouldings:

The mouldings (neck moulding, door and window trim, panel mouldings) are painted 

“‘ Fresno Blue- - a mixture of I part ‘Delft Blue’ and 4 parts ‘White.’ 

The ceiling is painted with both Silver Blue and Fresno Blue, the lighter of the two 

used on the rosettes and flat coffer bands, and the slightly deeper hue on all the rest 
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of the ceiling, except for the flat recessed bands between the flat coffer mouldings. 

Those are painted “Delft Blue - a standard color.”

FIFTH PERIOD: 1977 - 1983

The 1977 paint schedule repeats the 1959 paint schedule.

SIXTH PERIOD: 1983 - 1995

The 1983 paint schedule repeats the 1959 paint schedule. There is one significant 

coating added over the entire interior surface beneath the paint at this time. A thick 

white material somewhat like joint compound appears to have been sprayed over the 

entire building. The fact that it was sprayed is quite evident in the drips which hang 

like nascent stalactites from the tips of the downward curved petals of the rosettes. 

The thickness of the coating is evident in the brush marks it holds on all cornice mouldings.

SEVENTH PERIOD: 1995 - present (date of inspection 1998)

The 1995 paint schedule repeats the 1959 paint schedule.
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HISTORIC PAINT SCHEDULES

Unless otherwise specified, all Munsell colors are from the Nearly Neutral color book. 

These colors provided the best matches and are all matte, as are the historic paints in 

the Abraham Lincoln Memorial building.

FIRST PERIOD: 1909 - c. 1933

Note: A thin layer of linseed oil was applied over this paint at some time. There are 

microscopic dirt particles which appear to be beneath the oil, indicating that the paint 

had been in place long enough to accumulate some dust before the oil was applied.

SECOND PERIOD: c.1933 - c. 1944

Note: There are traces of a medium reddish brown paint on the flat outer edges of the 

window and door trim moulding in at least three different places (top corners). That 

paint appears to have very small sand grains in it. There is not enough evidence to 

draw conclusions about its use in an overall color scheme.

WALLS TRIM MOULDINGS CEILING ROSETTES

5Y 8.5/0.5 10YR 8/2.0 10YR 8.5/1.0 10YR 8/2.0

WALLS TRIM MOULDINGS CEILING ROSETTES

5Y 9/3.0 5Y 9/2.0 10YR 7.5/2.0 10YR 7.5/2.0
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THIRD PERIOD: c. 1944 - 1959

Note: This paint layer, like the First Period paint, also has had a thin linseed oil applied 

over it, with some signs of microscopic dirt or dust under the oil.

FOURTH PERIOD THROUGH EIGHTH PERIOD: 1959 - PRESENT

Note: Commercial Pratt and Lambert/custom color chips are on file for these three 

colors at the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Visitor Center.

 *5B 5/2 is one of the regular color series, not a Nearly Neutral.

CEILINGS TRIM MOULDINGS CEILING ROSETTES

5Y 8.5/1.0 10YR 8.5/0.5 5Y 9/0.5 5Y 9/0.5

WALLS TRIM 

MOULDINGS

BANDS CEILING ROSETTES

5B 8/1 5B 9/1 5B 5/2 * 5B 9/1 5B 8/1
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EXISTING CONDITIONS OF INTERIOR & EXTERIOR FINISHES

The following conditions were observed during the site visit of October 15-17, 1998. 

Photographs show typical view of most of the problems. General recommendations 

are included with the statements of conditions. However, the white and black mycelia 

webs do not show in the photographs. It proved impossible to collect samples in coin 

envelopes because the exceedingly fine mycelia simply disintegrated. Thus, they 

could not be brought to a higher power microscope to determine if there were any 

spores formed. It is possible that they are simply the remains of previously active 

growths. Still, they should be examined in situ by a knowledgeable scientist.

INTERIOR

Walls:

On the north walls there is plaster covering the areas where four marble plaques were 

installed originally. The plaster covering was applied in the 1959 work. It seems to be 

intact, but perhaps with a rougher texture than the walls originally presented. Wall 

areas on all four sides above the neck moulding are, except where patched, smoother 

than the north wall. Photographs show where various cracks seem to be worth monitoring. 

Cornice and neck moulding:

The cornice and neck moulding have been patched and repaired repeatedly. In some 

areas, only the paint layers reveal that work has been done but in many other areas, 

especially in the northwest, northeast, and southeast comers (where water damage 

may have been most devastating and frequent) the repair work is clumsy. Profiles 

were not run using an accurate template mounted on a “horse” in the craftsmanlike 

manner. 

On cornice and ceiling along the south wall, especially at the southeast corner, there is 

fine white mycelia growth. Some colonies are in circles; others are growing along 

hairline cracks in the paint. In addition, there are small dots or “freckles” of rust stain, 

condensation droplets, indicating that water is migrating over metal work somewhere. 

The growth continues along the west wall, and in the northwest comer. There is also a 

hairline crack from the southwest corner ceiling coffer down through all of the cornice 

to the wall. It does not show up in the wall plaster, however. It was interesting to 

notice that “stalactites” of dissolved and redeposited soluble salts were clearly visible 

on the column capitals at the south east and south west exterior corners of the building. The same sort of material was evident on the stone at the base of the southeast 

corner column.
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Window and door trim:

These mouldings are sound for the most part. However, like all of the neat and trim 

original moulding profiles which exist, they have been compromised by the thick 

spray coating which underlies the 1983 paint job. A good metaphor for their appearance is “like melting ice cream.” All crisp clean profiles have been muted. 

On much of the trim and mouldings mentioned above, the paint build-up and/or the 

thick coating under it has blistered. When the building is repainted, and loose material 

is removed, it will be difficult but very important to have surface preparation done 

which carefully removes all unevenness--i.e., sand down the edges where heavy 

build-up meets bare substrate.

On the high window sills on the south wall, and on the southern window sills on the 

west and east walls, there are signs of condensation. Long drip marks show that 

water condensed at the upper end of the sloped sills and then ran down.

Ceiling (all elements except skylight frame):

A few fine hairline cracks exist in the ceiling, but do not seem to be in a pattern which 

indicates dangerous conditions at this time. Mapping and monitoring and recording 

them in a regular and systematic manner would be a good idea, however. The thick 

spray coating mentioned above (“Window and door trim”) has gathered in drips at the 

ends of all downward curving points on the rosettes. While this is not a condition that 

endangers the plasterwork and probably is not noticed by visitors to the building, it 

nevertheless adds to the general degrading of the original well-defined surfaces, 

mouldings, and details of plasterwork on the interior. 

Bronze sash, doors, door frames:

These elements all have a dark coating over the original warm light slightly reddishgolden brown patina. On the doors the coating is wearing off to show dull yellow 

bronze in various areas. It may be that an oil coating was applied at some point, after 

a protective coat (acrylic?) began to wear off.

It would be good to restore the original appearance of the bronze. As a contributing 

element, adding the warm and rich look of patinated bronze, not a dull blackish mottled surface, would enhance the interior’s aesthetic dignity. The dark coating could be 

removed, especially where it is most heavily built-up. 

Bronze wall grilles:

These are dull and dirty. Cleaning and polishing them would restore their original look. 
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Bronze stanchions and chains

These seem to be the original stanchions and chains. They are part of the architect’s 

design intent. The posts should be straightened and either cleaned and polished and 

protected, to let the wear of the years show, or repatinated. to match the rest of the 

bronze. The chains should be treat in the same manner as the posts. 

Miscellaneous items:

The marble throughout the interior shows various signs of damage and unsightliness. 

The baseboards are gouged and scraped by the hubs and brakes of staging rolled 

along, possibly by floor waxing machines. The wainscot and door trim is dulled by the 

general wear of time, perhaps by some slight air pollution, by coatings (brush marks 

can be seen when a raking light is used in many areas). The floor wax has splashed 

up on the marble wainscot. 

It would be good to clean and repolish the marble. The deeper scratches and gouges 

would have to be honed out before repolishing. 

After repolishing, no protective coating should be applied. Rather, the marble should 

simply be cleaned with a mild detergent (or a conservatorial non-ionic detergent) and 

water, dried with a chamois cloth, and if necessary, buffed with a lambswool buffer to 

bring up the polish again. Keeping the light level low is necessary to preserve and 

prolong the life of the logs. Elevating interior illumination a little by brightening the 

bronze and polishing the marble would add to the aesthetic of respect the interior 

design inspires.

It is interesting to try to imagine what the light stone colors would contribute to the 

interior’s appearance. It is also intriguing to factor in the use of an oil “glaze” on the 

stone colors, which would give more reflectance. Such a treatment was in effect during two different times in the history of the Memorial Building.

No painted surfaces were found on the exterior walls. The skylight was not examined 

as access to the roof was restricted.

Bronze plaques at the north (ADA) entry:

These two plaques are now black with corrosion showing in a few areas. They should 

be cleaned and restored by a metals conservator. Special care should be taken to preserve the original texture of the metal ground behind the lettering.

Bronze vent grilles:

These have a fairly uniform coating of verdigris corrosion. At this point, they could be 

gently cleaned and the verdigris left in place. There does not appear to be significant 

or rapid deterioration.
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EXTERIOR

No painted surfaces were found on the exterior walls. The skylight was not examined 

as access to the roof was forbidden.

Bronze plaques at the north (ADA) entry:

These two plaques are now black with corrosion showing in a few areas. They should 

be cleaned and restored by a metals conservator. Special care should be taken to preserve the original texture of the metail ground behind the lettering.

Bronze vent grilles:

These have a fairly uniform coating of verdigris corrosion. At this point, they could be 

gently cleaned and the verdigris left in place. There does not appear to be significant 

or rapid deterioration.

All of the following photographs were taken by Sara B. Chase. All except the photomicrographs were taken on site at the Abraham Lincoln Memorial on October 16 and 

October 17, 1998. 
APPENDIX G

HSR

Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

123

Figure 1. View of picture moulding repair work in the northeast corner. Note poor resolution of profile. 
Historic Paint & Finishes Study

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Figure 2. Cornice repair work along the north wall. Again, note poor repair of moulding profile.
APPENDIX G

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Figure 3. View of crisp profile of cornice which has not been repaired, or, if repaired, 

was done using a proper template. 
Historic Paint & Finishes Study

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Figure 4. Photomicrograph of brown coating suggests possible sanded paint, to replicate brownstone, perhaps. The thickness, texture, and inharmonious color may be 

reasons why it was mostly removed.
APPENDIX G

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Figure 5. Poor plaster repairs of mouldings in northwest corner.
Historic Paint & Finishes Study

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National Park Service

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Figure 6. View across ceiling showing drips (“stalactites”) of sprayed-on recent thick 

coating.
APPENDIX G

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Figure 7. View of ceiling rosette showing drips of sprayed-on thick coating. Typical of 

all ceiling rosettes. 
Historic Paint & Finishes Study

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Figure 8. View of mycelia colonies on ceiling in southeast corner. Difficult to photograph. 
APPENDIX G

HSR

Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

131

Figure 9. View of typical east/west wall window, showing bronze interior frame. Note 

sloppy paint work. 
Historic Paint & Finishes Study

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National Park Service

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Figure 10. Severe deterioration of coatings and patina, typical on edges of all bronze 

doors. 
APPENDIX G

HSR

Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

133

Figure 11. Unexplained damage on hinge side of south bronze door.
Historic Paint & Finishes Study

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National Park Service

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Figure 12. Photomicrograph of small cross section of paint with darkest blue showing 

at left. Shows thick white coating under blue, then two other blues, then pale soft 

rosey cream, gray, stone colors.
APPENDIX H

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

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Material Information & Presevation

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APPENDIX H

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Material Information & Presevation

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APPENDIX H

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Material Information & Presevation

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Lime certification http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/lime_spec.pdf

1 of 1
APPENDIX H

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Exterior cleaning http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/recipe_stain.pdf

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1 of 1
APPENDIX H

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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http://crs/historic/hsr/abli/pdf/recipe_chinking.pd

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APPENDIX I

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Lincoln Birthplace Memorial Building

http://crs.sero.nps.gov/historic/hsr/abli/paint.pdf

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Construction Records

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THIS DOCUMENT WAS TRANSCRIBED FROM AN ORIGINAL

106 STATEMENT

ABRAHAM LINCOLN BIRTHPLACE NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE

I. THE PROPERTY

The proposed undertaking would occur within Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site near

Hodgenville, Kentucky. The park contains 116.5 acres, all of which is listed in the National Register of

Historic Places. Approximately 110.5 acres are part of the original 348.5 acre Sinking Springs Farm that

was once owned by Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. It was on this farm that Nancy gave birth to Abraham

Lincoln on February 12, 1809. Key historic elements of the park , in addition to the land itself, are a 1911

Memorial Building and the traditional birthplace cabin housed inside of it

The specific feature involved in this undertaking is the Memorial Building. This formal marble and granite

building was designed by John Russell Pope and constructed to house the traditional birthplace cabin.

President Theodore Roosevelt laid its cornerstone in 1909, and President William Howard Taft dedicated

the building two years later.

The glass in the memorial Building’s windows and doors has no ultra violet blocking properties. Therefore,

direct sunlight is allowed to beam directly onto the traditional birthplace cabin. An inspection by the

Regional Curator proved that both light levels and u/v levels are too high in the Memorial Building for

proper conservation of the cabin.

II. THE UNDERTAKING

The National Park Service proposes to undertake preservation work on the Memorial Building to arrest

deterioration of the cabin. The following National Park Service standard will be followed in this work: “All

projects involving specialized housekeeping, repair, rehabilitation, or replacement of structural components

and projects involving techniques for arresting or slowing deterioration of the historic fabric and its historic

environment are conducted under the directions of a historic architect or archaeologist, as appropriate.”

Having received verbal approval from both the regional Curator and acting Regional Architect, we plan to

professionally install Valvac TB-20-X filters on the door glass and Valvac TB-50-X filters on the window

glass. Since the majority of sunlight enters directly through the doors, that glass requires the darkest filter.

III. THE EFFECT

These filters will bring both the light levels and u/v levels into an acceptable range.

THIS DOCUMENT WAS TRANSCRIBED FROM AN ORIGINAL





s the nation’s principal conservation 

agency, the Department of the Interior has 

responsibility for most of our nationally 

owned public lands and natural resources. This 

includes fostering sound use of our land and 

water resources; protecting our fish, wildlife, 

and biological diversity; preserving the 

environmental and cultural values of our 

national parks and historical places; and 

providing for the enjoyment of life through 

outdoor recreation. The department assesses 

our energy and mineral resources and works 

to ensure that their development is in the best 

interests of all our people by encouraging 

stewardship and citizen participation in their 

care. The department also has a major 

responsibility for American Indian 

reservation communities and for people 

who live in island territories under U.S. 

administration.

NPS D-433 January 1997