DA 16-0358

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA

2017 MT 65

FRIEDEL, LLC,

 Petitioner and Appellant,

 v.

MONICA LINDEEN, STATE AUDITOR,

 Respondent and Appellee.

APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Thirteenth Judicial District,

In and For the County of Yellowstone, Cause No. DV 14-1465

Honorable Michael G. Moses, Presiding Judge

COUNSEL OF RECORD:

For Appellant:

William J. O’Connor, II, O’Connor & O’Connor, P.C., Billings, Montana

For Appellee:

Nicholas Jon Mazanec, Special Assistant Attorney General, Montana State 

Auditor, Helena, Montana

Submitted on Briefs: January 25, 2017

 Decided: March 21, 2017

Filed:

__________________________________________

Clerk

03/21/2017

Case Number: DA 16-0358
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Justice James Jeremiah Shea delivered the Opinion of the Court. 

¶1 Friedel, LLC (Friedel) successfully obtained documents from the Montana State 

Auditor’s Office, and requested attorney fees pursuant to § 2-3-221, MCA. The 

Thirteenth Judicial District Court, Yellowstone County, denied Friedel’s request and it 

appealed the Order of the District Court. We address the following issue: 

Whether the District Court abused its discretion by denying Friedel’s request for 

attorney fees.

¶2 We affirm. 

PROCEDURAL AND FACTUAL BACKGROUND

¶3 Friedel is a surety insurance (bail bond) company in the State of Montana. On 

February 11, 2014, the Office of the Montana State Auditor, Commissioner of Securities 

and Insurance (Auditor) instituted an administrative action against Friedel for the purpose 

of ascertaining whether Friedel’s business practices complied with Montana law. On 

June 6, 2014, Friedel served two nearly identical requests on the Auditor, asking for the 

entire agency file on Friedel. The first was submitted as a discovery request within the 

context of the administrative action. The second was made pursuant to the “Right to 

Know” provision of the Montana Constitution. Mont. Const. art. II, § 9. On July 3, 

2014, the Auditor responded to the two requests by providing Friedel with 276 

documents and a privilege log for nine documents that were not released. On October 8, 

2014, Friedel filed a motion to compel the Auditor to give it access to the documents 

covered by the privilege log. Prior to the filing, Friedel did not express any concerns 

regarding the privilege log to the Auditor. On October 23, 2014, the hearing examiner 
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denied Friedel’s motion to compel, noting that Friedel failed to object to the privilege log 

for over three months.

¶4 On October 14, 2014, Friedel filed another right-to-know request in the District 

Court, again asking for the information covered by the privilege log. On April 29, 2015, 

before the District Court ruled on Friedel’s request, the Auditor waived privilege and sent 

Friedel the requested information. On October 29, 2015, Friedel requested attorney fees 

pursuant to § 2-3-221, MCA. The District Court denied Friedel’s request, reasoning that 

Friedel “could have avoided the attorney fees incurred in the instant case by timely 

addressing the issue before the hearing examiner.”

STANDARD OF REVIEW

¶5 Where legal authority exists to award attorney fees, we review a district court’s 

decision to grant or deny the fees for an abuse of discretion. Wohl v. City of Missoula, 

2013 MT 46, ¶ 29, 369 Mont. 108, 300 P.3d 1119. Abuse of discretion occurs when a 

district court acts “arbitrarily without employment of conscientious judgment or 

[exceeds] the bounds of reason resulting in substantial injustice.” Gaustad v. City of 

Columbus (In re Investigative Records of the City of Columbus Police Dep’t), 272 Mont. 

486, 488, 901 P.2d 565, 567 (1995) (citing Goodman v. Goodman, 222 Mont. 446, 448, 

723 P.2d 219, 220 (1986)). We will not substitute our judgment for that of a district court 

unless that court “clearly abused its discretion.” Billings High Sch. Dist. No. 2 v. Billings 

Gazette, 2006 MT 329, ¶ 23, 335 Mont. 94, 149 P.3d 565.
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DISCUSSION

¶6 Whether the District Court abused its discretion by denying Friedel’s request for 

attorney fees.

¶7 Section 2-3-221, MCA, provides that district courts may award attorney fees to

plaintiffs who succeed in actions brought pursuant to Article II, Section 9 of the Montana 

Constitution. The plain language of this statute evinces that “an award of attorney’s fees 

is discretionary.” Yellowstone Cnty. v. Billings Gazette, 2006 MT 218, ¶ 30, 333 Mont. 

390, 143 P.3d 135 (citing Matter of Investigative Records, 265 Mont. 379, 382, 877 P.2d 

470, 472 (1994)). We have held that an abuse of that discretion occurs when a district 

court denies attorney fees without some rationale in support of its decision. Shockley v. 

Cascade Cnty., 2016 MT 34, ¶ 8, 382 Mont. 209, 367 P.3d 336; Yellowstone Cnty., ¶ 30; 

Matter of Investigative Records, 265 Mont. at 383, 877 P.2d at 472. 

¶8 In this case, the District Court issued a fifteen-page memorandum in support of its 

decision denying Friedel’s request for attorney fees. The District Court gave several 

reasons for its decision, including that Friedel took an unreasonable approach to resolving 

the discovery dispute. We find this reason to be a sufficient basis for our decision, and 

thus decline to address the District Court’s other rationales. The District Court noted that 

Friedel had ample opportunity to follow up with the hearing examiner after the Auditor 

responded to its discovery request with the privilege log in July. Instead, Friedel took no 

action with respect to the privileged documents until it filed the motion to compel on 

October 8, over three months from the time it received the privilege log. Nor did Friedel
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communicate with the Auditor about its dissatisfaction with the privilege log, missing 

another opportunity to resolve the issue without resorting to a right-to-know action.

¶9 We have previously upheld a district court’s denial of attorney fees when the state 

or public entity has taken a reasonable approach to resolve a right-to-know matter. 

Disability Rights Mont. v. State, 2009 MT 100, ¶ 33, 350 Mont. 101, 207 P.3d 1092; 

Billings High Sch., ¶ 28. Given the facts of this case, we cannot conclude that the District 

Court abused its discretion by denying Friedel’s request for attorney fees. 

CONCLUSION

¶10 We affirm the District Court’s order denying Friedel’s request for attorney fees.

/S/ JAMES JEREMIAH SHEA

We concur: 

/S/ MIKE McGRATH

/S/ DIRK M. SANDEFUR

/S/ BETH BAKER

/S/ JIM RICE