Aroostook Band of Micmacs

And Houlton Band of Maliseets

Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey

Report of Land Use and Natural Resource

Priorities

Conducted for

The Aroostook Band of Micmacs and

The Houlton Band of Maliseets

In Partnership with the Natural Resource Conservation Service

Responsive Management

July 2001

EPA004545
Aroostook Band of Micmacs

And Houlton Band of Maliseets

Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey

Report of Land Use and Natural Resource

Priorities

July 2001

Responsive Management National Office

Mark Damian Duda Executive Director

Peter De Michele PhD Director of Research

Steven J Bissell PhD Qualitative Research Associate

Ping Wang PhD Quantitative Research Associate

JimHerrick PhD Research Associate

Alison Lanier Business Manager

William Testerman Survey Center Manager

Joy Yoder Research Associate

Dana Koller Assistant Survey Center Manager

130 Franklin Street PO Box 389

Harrisonburg VA 22801

Phone 540 432 1888 Fax 540432 1892

email mddudaricanet

www responsivemanagement com

EPA004546
We would like to thank the Aroostook Band of Micmacs including Tribal Chief William

Phillips Director of Realty Assets Corey Brown and Director of Environmental Health Fred

Corey for all their assistance with this project

We would also like to thank the Houlton Band of Maliseets including Tribal Chief Brenda

Commander Natural Resources Director Anthony Tomah and Environmental Planner Sharri

Venno for all their assistance with this project

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4 Responsive Management

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS 4

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5

INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY 8

RESULTS 10

Importance of Various Plants and Their Uses for New Tribal Lands

10

Importance of Timber Production and Farming on Tribal Lands 11

Importance of Various Animals for New Tribal Lands 12

Attitudes of the Aroostook Toward Bear Hunting on Tribal Lands12

Cultural and Historical Site Priorities for TribalLands 13

Tribal Customs and Traditions Priorities for New Tribal Lands 14

Outdoor Recreation Priorities for New TribalLands 15

Parcel Size and Location Proximity for New Tribal Lands 16

Land Access and Characteristics Priorities for New Tribal Lands 17

Demographics of Survey Respondents 19 TABLES RespondentComments20

21

SURVEY INSTRUMENT 75

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This study was conducted on behalf of the Houlton Band of Maliseets and the Aroostook

Band of Micmacs The goal of this survey project was to define and document tribal values and

priorities as they related to land acquisition and natural resource use and management Using a

survey questionnaire members of the Aroostook Band of Micmacs and members of the Houlton

Band of Maliseets were asked important questions about their opinions on natural resource

management as it related to current tribal lands and the purchase of new tribal lands These

opinions are important in helping to make future decisions about land and natural resource

management for these tribes

The Aroostook Band of Micmacs and the Houlton Band of Maliseets identified similar

preferences and priorities in response to the Integrated Resources Management Plan survey that

was conducted in the summer of 2000 A combined total of 430 individuals completed the

survey including 183 from the Aroostook Band and 247 from the Houlton Band This combined

respondent group was predominantly female 61 and had a mean age of just over 37 years

Most respondents 38 lived in Houlton 13 were from Presque Isle and the remainder was

spread out across many other communities

Overall both the Aroostook Band and the Houlton Band had strongly held and nearly

identical priorities regarding tribal land acquisition and natural resource use and management

More than two out of three of all respondents indicated the presence of the following plants and

trees were very important when considering buying tribal lands Firewood hardwood with

73 brown ash baskets with 73 fiddleheads food with 69 sweet grass baskets spiritual

with 70 and birch baskets canoes with 69

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6 Responsive Management

Nearly half of all respondents 45 reported timber production was a very important use

of tribal lands and a higher percentage 53 of combined Bands indicated farming was a very

important use of tribal lands

Fish 83 and eagle 82 presence were rated very important when considering

buying tribal lands by more than 80 of all respondents Other animals rated very important by

a majority of both Bands when considering buying tribal lands were deer 79 moose 78

birds 67 bear 66 rabbit 59 beaver 55 and fox 51 Among the Aroostook

Band of Micmac Indians a majority either strongly agreed 30 or moderately agreed 31

that bear hunting should be allowed on tribal lands that have significant bear populations The

Houlton Band survey did not include this question

The majority of respondents from both Bands selected each of the six listed culturally or

historically significant sites for tribal members as very important Among each Band burial

grounds were selected as very important for cultural or historical significance by the greatest

percentage of respondents 83

All of the tribal customs and traditions included in the survey were identified as very

important by a majority of respondents except for making war clubs which had just over a third

35 rating it as very important Customs and traditions rated very important by more than

70 of respondents in both Bands were fishing 78 basket making 77 hunting 73

and the combination of singing dancing and drumming 71

A majority of both Bands identified several recreation opportunities as very important

when considering buying tribal lands Recreation opportunities that were selected very

important by a majority of all respondents in rank order included the following Fishing

wildlife viewing hunting canoeing kayaking hiking and snow shoeing

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 7

Most respondents preferred purchasing tribal land in larger parcels 33 of respondents

said 500 acres or more and a strong majority 61 preferred lands that were closer to

wilderness areas 61 rather than close to developed areas 9

Land access factors and other land characteristics which were rated very important by the

majority of respondents included in rank order Access to drinking water 81 access to rivers

and streams 73 access to ponds and lakes 71 has fishing sites 71 has hunting sites

67 contains forestland 65 access to trails and roads 61 has historiccultural value

60 and has gathering sites 57

The full survey report contains complete results for each of these natural resource

management questions presented for combined respondents and each of the two Bands

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8 Responsive Management

INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY

This study was conducted on behalf of the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians and the

Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians The goal of this survey project was to define and document

tribal values and priorities as they related to land acquisition and natural resource use and

management Using a survey questionnaire members of the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians

and members of the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians were asked important questions about

their opinions on natural resource management as it related to current tribal lands and the

purchase of new tribal lands These opinions are important in helping to make future decisions

about land and natural resource management for these tribes

The survey questionnaire was developed cooperatively between the Aroostook Band of

Micmac Indians the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians the Natural Resource Conservation

Service and Responsive Management The survey questionnaires were administered in the field

to households in the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians and by mail and telephone to the

Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians through the tribal leadership of these two groups

The collection of completed responses for the survey was the responsibility of the

Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians and the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians Completed

surveys were collected by the two Bands of Indians and then delivered by mail to Responsive

Management for data entry analysis and survey report preparation for the Integrated Resources

Management Plan

A central data management and analysis site at Responsive Management headquarters

allowed for rigorous quality control over data management and analysis Professional data entry

personnel staffed the facilities Responsive Management staff has experience conducting survey

research with computer assistance on the subjects of natural resources and outdoor recreation for

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 9

state fish and wildlife agencies and natural resource organizations In addition Responsive

Management personnel were trained according to standards established by the Council of

American Survey Research Organizations Professional staff randomly monitored data entry and

data management personnel to evaluate interviewer performance

Professional staff members conducted project briefings with each data entry and data

management staff member prior to his or her beginning work on this project Personnel were

briefed and instructed on study goals and objectives type of study handling of completed survey

instruments organization of survey questions and responses coding of open ended responses

and transforming data from the completed survey instruments to computer files Professional

staff edited each survey to check for clarity understanding completeness and form

The software used for data entry and storage was Questionnaire Programming Language

QPL version 4.1 National Technical Information Services 1999 QPL is a comprehensive

system for computer assisted data entry and data base management The survey data were

entered into the computer as the staff read each completed survey instrument Standard quality

control measures were used to ensure accuracy and completeness of the entire data entry process

Responsive Management received a total of 430 completed surveys The Aroostook

Band of Micmac Indians completed 183 surveys The Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians

completed 247 surveys

Due to rounding percentages depicted in response distributions may vary slightly

0.5 from actual data and therefore may not total exactly 100

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10 Responsive Management

RESULTS

Importance of Various Plants and Their Uses for New Tribal

Lands

From the 16 different types of uses of trees and plants the presence of 12 different types

were rated very important when considering buying tribal lands by a majority of all the

respondents ie the Aroostook Band respondents and the Houlton Band respondents combined

In rank order the presence of plant and tree uses rated very important by a majority of all

respondents were the following Firewood hardwood and brown ash baskets each with 73

sweet grass baskets spiritual with 70 fiddleheads food with 69 birch baskets canoes

with 69 berry plants food and cedar spiritualwigwam each with 59 sugar maple maple

syrup with 55 flag root medicine with 53 balsam fir tipping and alders wigwam

medicine each with 52 and red dogwood medicine with 51 For each of the four other

plants and trees a range of from 49 down to 45 rated their presence as very important

Among the respondents from the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians 12 of the 16

different types of uses of trees and plants were rated very important when considering buying

tribal lands by a majority of Aroostook respondents The following tree and plant uses were

rated very important by a majority of those surveyed Brown ash baskets with 74 firewood

hardwood with 73 sweet grass baskets with 71 birch baskets with 67 fiddleheads

food with 64 berry plants food with 61 cedar spiritualwigwam with 59 flag root

medicine with 57 sugar maple maple syrup with 55 alders wigwam medicine with

54 hazelnut food with 52 and red dogwood medicine with 51

A majority of respondents from the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians rated the presence

of 11 of the 16 different types of uses of trees and as very important when considering buying

EPA004554
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 11

tribal lands The following tree and plant uses were considered very important Firewood

hardwood and fiddleheads food each with 74 brown ash baskets with 71 birch

baskets canoes with 70 sweet grass baskets spiritual with 69 cedar spiritualwigwam

and balsam fir tipping each with 59 berry plants food with 58 sugar maple maple syrup

with 55 and alders wigwam medicine and red dogwood medicine each with 51

Additional plant and tree use priorities were identified in 11 of the completed surveys

The additional uses most frequently included were various types of trees apple trees and other

fruit trees different foods and various other medicinal plants

Importance of Timber Production and Farming on Tribal Lands

The survey asked about the importance of timber production and the importance of

farming as uses of tribal lands

Among the combined respondents 45 rated timber production as very important For

the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians the percentage rating timber production very important

was 49 Within the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians the percentage rating timber production

very important was 41

Farming was rated a very important use of tribal lands by higher percentages of

respondents when compared with timber production Among all respondents 53 rated farming

a very important use of tribal land In the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians 54 rated

farming very important on tribal land and in the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians 52 rated

farming a very important use of tribal land

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12 Responsive Management

Importance of Various Animals for New Tribal Lands

Tribal members were asked whether the presence of various animals were important

when considering buying tribal lands The animals which were most frequently identified as

very important among the combined respondents included Fish with 83 eagle with 82 deer

with 79 and moose with 78 Other animals rated very important by a majority of the

combined respondents included birds 67 bear 66 rabbit 59 beaver 55 and fox

51 Smaller percentages rated the following animals very important turtles 45

porcupine 44 muskrat 42 and frogs 39

Similarratings of animal importance were found among the Aroostook Band of Micmac

Indians and the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians For the Aroostook the percentage rating

animals very important were in the following rank order Fish 81 eagle 80 deer 76

moose 74 bear 66 birds 66 rabbit 60 beaver 57 fox 49 turtles 46

porcupine 46 muskrat 42 and frogs 37

Among the Houlton the percentage rating animals very important were in the following

similarbut not identical rank order Fish 85 eagle 83 moose 83 deer 81 birds

69 bear 67 rabbit 58 fox 53 beaver 52 turtles 45 muskrat 43

porcupine 43 and frogs 41

Additional animals were identified by 10 of all respondents The additional animals

identified as important included the coyote wolf various wild birds and several other animals

Attitudes of the Aroostook Toward Bear Hunting on Tribal Lands

The survey instrument used by the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians included a

question about bear hunting The question was “For those tribal lands that have significant bear

populations do you agree or disagree that bear hunting should be allowed on tribal lands.”

Among the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians a majority either strongly agreed 30 or

EPA004556
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 13

moderately agreed 31 that bear hunting should be allowed on tribal lands Four percent

responded neither 7 moderately disagreed 18 strongly disagreed and 10 of the surveys did

not have a response for this question

Cultural and Historical Site Priorities for Tribal Lands

Both the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians and the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians

rated the cultural or historical significance that several places possess for tribal members All six

cultural or historically significant places were ranked as very important by a majority of both the

Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians and the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians The two Bands

also reported very similarranked order for the six cultural or historical places

The percentages for both groups combined which rated various sites very important were

as follows Burial grounds by 83 sacred sites such as Mt Katahdin by 69 water trails and

canoe portages or carries by 67 historical villages settlementscampsites eg The Flats by

66 archaeological villages settlements eg Clovis Point at Munsungan Lake by 63 and

sites with arrowhead material chert by 58

Among the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians the rank order of the percentage that

rated sites very important were as follows Burial grounds by 83 water trails and canoe

portages or carries by 65 sacred sites such as Mt Katahdin by 64 historical

villages settlements campsites eg The Flats by 64 archaeological villages settlements eg

Clovis Point at Munsungan Lake by 61 and sites with arrowhead material chert by 57

The Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians reported the following priorities based upon the

percentage rating sites very important Burial grounds by 83 sacred sites such as Mt

Katahdin by 74 water trails and canoe portages or carries by 70 historical villages

EPA004557
14 Responsive Management

settlements campsites eg The Flats by 68 archaeological villages settlements eg Clovis

Point at Munsungan Lake by 65 and sites with arrowhead material chert by 59

Additional places with cultural or historical significance were identified by7 of the

survey respondents with a diverse range of both general and specific places that were specified

Tribal Customs and Traditions Priorities for New Tribal Lands

Many tribal traditions and practices hold personal significance for members of the

Houlton Band of Maliseet and Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians Among the 16 different

customs and traditions which tribal members were questioned about those rated very important

by more than 2 out of every 3 respondents included Fishing 78 basket making 77

hunting 73 singing dancing and drumming 71 The other customs and traditions

received very important ratings by the following percentages of all respondents Tribal medicine

66 food gathering 66 making snowshoes 62 making drums 62 making

moccasins 61 making dreamcatchers and medicine wheels 58 making canoes 56

making rattles 55 making paddles 54 making jewelry 53 and making wigwams

51 The only tribal custom or tradition to not receive a majority of all respondents ranking as

very important was making war clubs with 35

For the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians the rank order of percentages rating customs

and traditions very important were as follows Fishing 77 basket making 75 hunting

72 signing dancing and drumming 71 food gathering 68 tribal medicine 67

making snowshoes 65 making moccasins 62 making drums 62 making dream

catchers and medicine wheels 58 making canoes 55 making rattles 55 making

wigwams 55 making paddles 53 and making jewelry 50 Making war clubs had less

than a third 29 ranking it as a very important tribal custom or tradition

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 15

The Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians responded with the following percentages rating

these customs and traditions very important Basket making 78 fishing 79 singing

dancing and drumming 72 hunting 74 tribal medicine 65 food gathering 64

making drums 62 making snowshoes 59 making moccasins 59 making dream

catchers and medicine wheels 58 making jewelry 56 making canoes 58 making

paddles 56 and making rattles 55 Less than a majority ranked making wigwams 47

and making war clubs 42 as a very important tribal custom or tradition

Comparison of responses indicated there were strong similarities across the two Bands in

priorities for tribal customs and traditions Both Bands shared the same top six customs and

traditions priorities based upon the percentage which rated these very important Those most

frequently selected very important customs and traditions within both groups included Basket

making fishing hunting singing dancing and drumming tribal medicine and food gathering

Among all respondents 13 identified other customs or traditions in addition to the 16

that had been listed in the survey Most frequently mentioned among these other customs and

traditions were using and teaching language and clothing Many other responses were given

Outdoor Recreation Priorities for New Tribal Lands

The importance of recreation activities was also asked of all tribal members Of the

thirteen different opportunities for recreation rankings for the percentage responding these items

were very important were as follows Fishing 79 wildlife viewing 78 hunting 72

canoeing kayaking 68 hiking 64 snow shoeing 59 bicycling 46 cross country

skiing 43 dog sledding 40 snow sledding 38 fourwheeling 31 motor boating

26 and jet skiing 19

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16 Responsive Management

Comparison of the responses from the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians and the

Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians reveals overall priorities for recreation are nearly the same

among both of these tribes For the Aroostook Band the following percentages rated these

recreation opportunities as very important Wildlife viewing 79 fishing 78 hunting

70 canoeing kayaking 67 hiking 64 snow shoeing 61 bicycling 42 dog

sledding 38 crosscountry skiing 37 snow sledding 31 fourwheeling 24 motor

boating 22 and jet skiing 15

The following percentage of the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians rated these recreation

opportunities very important Fishing 79 wildlife viewing 77 hunting 75

canoeing kayaking 70 hiking 65 snow shoeing 57 bicycling 51 cross country

skiing 49 snow sledding 44 dog sledding 41 fourwheeling 38 motor boating

29 and jet skiing 23

Additional recreation opportunities were identified by6 of all respondents

Parcel Size and Location Proximityfor New Tribal Lands

Included in the survey were two questions about tribal preferences toward the size of

parcels to be purchased and the proximity of land purchases to developed areas or wilderness

areas Overall a majority of combined respondents reported larger sized parcels should be

purchased and they preferred buying tribal land close to wilderness areas

The question on parcel size read “With regard to natural resources land air water

plants and animals when considering buying tribal lands what size parcels should be

purchased?” From among six size choices 5000 or more 10004999 500 9999 200 500 1200

acres and no preference the combined respondents selected the following in rank order 5000

acres or more 33 no preference 31 10004999 acres 15 500 999 acres 9200

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 17

500 acres 6and 1200 acres 2 For4 of the surveys there was no response or a “don’t

know” response to this question

Among the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians the responses on land size were as

follows 5000 acres of more 42 no preference 25 10004999 acres 15 500 999 acres

8don’t know missing 4200 500 acres 3and 1200 acres 3

For the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians the responses on land size were as follows

No preference 38 5000 acres of more 24 10004999 acres 15 500 999 acres 10

200 500 acres 8don’t know missing 5and 1200 acres 1

The question on land proximity was “With regard to natural resources land air water

plants and animals when considering buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are close

to developed areas and have access to modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are

closer to wilderness areas?” The combined groups responded as follows Close to wilderness

areas 61 no preference 20 and close to developed areas 9 Among 10 of the

surveys there was no response or a “don’t know” response to this question

The Aroostook Band had the following preferences for the proximity question Close to

wilderness areas 71 no preference 14 close to developed areas 10 and missing

data no response was found among 5 of the surveys

For the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians the preferences were similarto those of the

Aroostook Band as follows Close to wilderness areas 51 no preference 25 close to

developed areas 8and missing data no response was found in 16 of the surveys

Land Access and Characteristics Priorities for New Tribal Lands

The lengthiest set of questions in the survey covered 17 different factors of land access

and characteristics for which ratings of importance were obtained from the respondents Among

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18 Responsive Management

the combined groups a majority rated the following land access factors and characteristics as

very important when considering the location for purchase of tribal lands Has access to

drinking water 81 has access to rivers and streams 73 has access to ponds and lakes

71 has fishing sites 71 has hunting sites 67 contains forestland 65 has access to

trails and roads 61 has historiccultural value 60 has gathering sites 57 Lower

percentages of combined respondents rated the following factors as very important Contains

farmland 46 close to existing tribal lands 42 contains wetlands 41 has mineral

deposits 35 has coastal land 33 has southern exposure 28 close to major highways

21 and close to railroads 17

The rank order of tribal land access and characteristics which are important to the

Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians based upon the percentage rating each factor very

important was as follows Has access to drinking water 81 has access to rivers and streams

73 has access to ponds and lakes 70 has fishing sites 70 has hunting sites 65

contains forestland 63 has access to trails and roads 59 has gathering sites 56 has

historiccultural value 55 contains farmland 42 contains wetlands 42 close to

existing tribal lands 34 has mineral deposits 31 has coastal land 27 has southern

exposure 22 close to major highways 16 and close to railroads 12

The rank order of land access and characteristics for tribal lands which are important to

the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians based upon the percentage rating each factor very

important was as follows Has access to drinking water 81 has access to rivers and streams

74 has access to ponds and lakes 73 has fishing sites 72 has hunting sites 70

contains forestland 68 has historiccultural value 65 has access to trails and roads 63

has gathering sites 57 contains farmland 51 close to existing tribal lands 51 contains

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 19

wetlands 41 has coastal land 38 has mineral deposits 39 has southern exposure

34 close to major highways 26 and close to railroads 23

Other important tribal land access factors and characteristics were identified by3 of the

combined survey respondents

Demographics of Survey Respondents

Demographic information asked of respondents within the survey instrument included

questions about where they lived gender and age

The single area where the greatest percentage of respondents lives is Houlton with 38

of the total number who completed a survey residing there In addition 14 live in Presque Isle

5 live inMonticello 5 live in Caribou 2live in Fort Fairfield and 2 live in Oakfield

The remaining 37 live in dozens of other communities some of which are outside Maine with

no more than 1 in any other named area For6 of the respondents no location was provided

In addition the zip code for respondents was also obtained which serves as an additional

geographic identifier

Among the entire group of respondents 61 were female and 37 were male For3

of the completed surveys gender information was missing Among the 183 completed surveys

from the Aroostook Band 60 were female 37 were male and 3 had gender information

missing from the survey Among the Houlton Band 61 of the respondents were female 36

of the respondents were male and 3 had gender information missing from the survey

The overall age distribution from among all survey respondents who provided age

information included the following ranges 05 01014 41519 14 20 24 10

2529 83034 10 3339 14 4044 11 4549 85054 55559 4

6064 66574 57584 1 For2 of the surveys age information was left blank

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20 Responsive Management

The mean age of the combined respondents was just over 37 years of age Among the Aroostook

Band respondents the mean age was 41 years of age while among the Houlton Band respondents

the mean age was 34 years of age

Respondent Comments

In addition to the responses to specific question sets and other suggested priorities that

were probed within the survey respondents were given the opportunity to write in any additional

comments they may have had at the end of the survey form These diverse written comments

included positive feelings about the survey process and it’s use as well as a few criticisms of the

survey Many comments and suggestions were made regarding tribal lands taxes gambling

animals spirituality and other tribal concerns

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 21

TABLES

The tables below state the name of the tribe in the header Below the name of the tribe is

the question that the respondents answered Below the question posed to the respondent is a row

of the possible answer choices to each category within the question posed The far right column

listsZWithin the categories asked about within each question the far left column is a value called

orZBetween described in the next paragraph

The ZWithin value shows the level of support for each category relative to the level of

support for others categories A ZWithin value that equals or exceeds 1.96 or equals or is lower

than –1.96 is significant Significant values are denoted by an asterisk Significance in the

tables below means that responses to that particular category for example brown ash were

much higher or much lower than responses given for other categories in that particular question

series Brown ash had a significantly greater proportion 74.3 of “Very important” responses

than the average level of support for the series responses to question 1 because the “Average”

level of support for question 1 was 57.24 Brown ash’s significantly greater proportion of

support is also denoted by its high zvalue of 4.66 Brown ash was the most important plant to

the Aroostook Band Chokecherry was the least important plant it had significantly less Z

4.3 support than the average level of support among the Aroostook Band on this response series

Questions that were not part of a series could not be examined in the manner described

above They do not have a Z Within value

In the far left column of tables that present a comparison of results between two different

tribal groups there is a value called ZBetween The ZBetween value shows the amount of

difference in support for a question between groups The ZWithin values previously discussed

show the amount of difference within groups

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22 Responsive Management

A ZBetween value that equals or exceeds 1.96 or that equals or is lower than –1.96 is

significant Significant values are denoted by an asterisk Significance in the tables below

means that responses for that tribe to that particular category for example Balsam Fir were

much higher or much lower than responses given by the other tribe For instance there was

significantly less ZBetween 3.46 support for balsam fir among the Aroostook Tribe 44.3

than there was among the Houlton Tribe 58.7

The mail and the phone data from the Houlton Tribe were compared to examine the

possibility of differences between those two grouptypes of respondents Virtually all Houlton

phone data was significantly more supportive of all issues when compared to Houlton mail data

There are a variety of possible reasons for the difference in data reported by phone and by mail

including but not limited to bias caused by the respondents having a stronger desire to please

interviewers when contact was less anonymous phone a bias among those who did not respond

to the initial mail survey to be more positive about all of the issues in the survey ie people who

cared the most may have been the least likely to participate a bias predisposing those who had

phones or who were more easily reached by phone to be more supportive etc The reasoncause

for the difference in data reported by phone or by mail is not certain but a difference clearly

existed

The combination of the highly supportive Houlton phone data with the original Houlton

mail data led to a marginal increase in virtually all responses for the Houlton combined data

Therefore when data from the two tribes were weighted and compared the Houlton data tended

to be significantly more supportive than the Aroostook data

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Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 23

AROOSTOOK

1 The first question relates to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

ZWithin

Brown ash

baskets

74 12 2 3 9 1 100 4.66

Firewood

hardwood

73 12 4 4 7 1 100 4.23

Sweet grass

baskets

spiritual

71 15 3 2 8 1 100 3.76

Birch

baskets

canoes

67 18 3 3 8 1 100 2.72

Fiddleheads

food

64 20 6 2 8 0 100 1.82

Berry plants

food

61 22 5 3 9 1 100 0.95

Cedar

spiritual

wigwam

59 21 6 3 9 3 100 0.34

Flag root

medicine

57 21 6 4 9 2 100 0.04

Sugar maple

maple syrup

55 26 9 3 6 1 100 0.56

Alders

wigwam

medicine

54 25 6 6 8 2 100 1.00

Hazelnut

food

52 25 12 2 8 1 100 1.46

Red dogwood

medicine

51 23 10 7 7 2 100 1.76

Gold thread

medicine

49 23 12 7 7 3 100 2.36

Balsam fir

tipping

44 29 8 10 6 3 100 3.54

Cattail food

medicine

44 27 12 9 6 2 100 3.54

Chokecherry

food

42 25 20 4 8 2 100 4.30

Average 57 21 8 5 8 2 100

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24 Responsive Management

HOULTON MAIL

1 The first question relates to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very importantSomewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

ZWithin

Firewood

hardwood

73 19 3 1 3 1 100 5.63

Fiddleheads

food

72 18 3 1 5 1 100 5.47

Brown ash

baskets

70 19 2 4 5 1 100 4.88

Birch

baskets

canoes

67 23 3 4 3 1 100 4.11

Sweet grass

baskets

spiritual

64 25 5 1 5 1 100 3.37

Cedar

spiritual

wigwam

53 28 11 3 4 1 100 0.36

Berry plants

food

53 28 9 4 5 2 100 0.20

Balsam fir

tipping

50 31 10 3 5 1 100 0.55

Sugar maple

maple syrup

46 36 9 3 3 2 100 1.45

Red dogwood

medicine

42 33 15 3 6 2 100 2.65

Alders

wigwam

medicine

41 37 11 3 3 5 100 2.81

Cattail food

medicine

40 28 21 3 6 1 100 3.1

Gold thread

medicine

40 31 17 5 5 3 100 3.10

Flag root

medicine

40 32 18 4 6 2 100 3.26

Hazelnut

food

39 35 16 6 3 1 100 3.40

Chokecherry

food

38 31 19 7 3 2 100 3.69

Average 52 28 11 3 4 2 100

EPA004568
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 25

HOULTON PHONE

1 The first question relates to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very importantSomewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

ZWithin

Balsam fir

tipping

81 19 0 0 0 0 100 1.30

Sweet grass

baskets

spiritual

80 19 0 0 1 0 100 1.03

Birch

baskets

canoes

79 19 1 0 1 0 100 0.76

Fiddleheads

food

79 21 0 0 0 0 100 0.76

Sugar maple

maple syrup

77 20 3 0 0 0 100 0.47

Firewood

hardwood

76 21 1 0 0 1 100 0.20

Alders

wigwam

medicine

74 21 4 0 0 0 100 0.07

Flag root

medicine

74 13 4 9 0 0 100 0.07

Cedar

spiritual

wigwam

74 23 1 0 0 1 100 0.07

Brown ash

baskets

73 23 1 0 1 1 100 0.34

Gold thread

medicine

73 13 6 7 0 1 100 0.34

Chokecherry

food

73 16 9 1 0 1 100 0.34

Red dogwood

medicine

73 19 3 3 0 3 100 0.34

Berry plants

food

71 21 4 1 1 0 100 0.63

Cattail food

medicine

70 20 3 4 0 3 100 0.89

Hazelnut

food

67 24 4 3 1 0 100 1.45

Average 75 19 3 2 0 1 100

EPA004569
26 Responsive Management

HOULTON MAIL and PHONE

1 The first question relates to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very importantSomewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

ZWithin

Fiddleheads

food

74 19 2 0 3 1 100 5.05

Firewood

hardwood

74 20 2 1 2 1 100 4.92

Brown ash

baskets

71 20 2 3 4 1 100 4.03

Birch

baskets

canoes

70 22 2 3 2 0 100 3.87

Sweet grass

baskets

spiritual

69 23 3 1 4 0 100 3.36

Cedar

spiritual

wigwam

59 27 8 2 3 1 100 0.27

Balsam fir

tipping

59 28 7 2 4 0 100 0.14

Berry plants

food

58 26 8 3 4 1 100 0.11

Sugar maple

maple syrup

55 32 7 2 2 2 100 1.01

Alders

wigwam

medicine

51 33 9 2 2 3 100 2.44

Red dogwood

medicine

51 29 11 3 4 2 100 2.44

Gold thread

medicine

49 26 14 6 3 2 100 2.82

Flag root

medicine

49 26 14 5 4 1 100 2.82

Cattail food

medicine

49 26 16 4 5 2 100 3.08

Chokecherry

food

48 26 16 6 2 2 100 3.33

Hazelnut

food

47 32 13 5 3 1 100 3.59

Average 58 26 8 3 3 1 100

EPA004570
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 27

AROOSTOOK and HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

1 The first question relates to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very importantSomewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

ZWithin

Firewood

hardwood

73 16 3 2 5 1 100 6.78

Brown ash

baskets

73 16 2 3 7 1 100 6.52

Sweet grass

baskets

spiritual

70 19 3 2 6 1 100 5.34

Fiddleheads

food

69 20 4 1 6 0 100 4.94

Birch

baskets

canoes

69 20 3 3 5 1 100 4.85

Berry plants

food

59 24 6 3 6 1 100 0.68

Cedar

spiritual

wigwam

59 24 7 2 6 2 100 0.46

Sugar maple

maple syrup

55 29 8 3 4 1 100 1.16

Flag root

medicine

53 24 10 5 7 2 100 1.91

Alders

wigwam

medicine

52 29 8 4 5 3 100 2.48

Balsam fir

tipping

52 28 8 6 5 2 100 2.74

Red dogwood

medicine

51 26 11 5 5 2 100 3.09

Hazelnut

food

49 29 12 4 6 1 100 3.66

Gold thread

medicine

49 24 13 6 5 3 100 3.84

Cattail food

medicine

46 27 14 6 5 2 100 4.98

Chokecherry

food

45 26 18 5 5 2 100 5.72

Average 58 24 8 4 5 1 100

EPA004571
28 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

1 The first questions relate to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and

PHONE ZBetween

Brown ash baskets 74 71 0.74

Firewood hardwood 73 74 0.22

Sweet grass baskets spiritual 71 69 0.48

Birch baskets canoes 67 70 0.70

Fiddleheads food 64 74 2.24

Berry plants food 61 58 0.64

Cedar spiritual wigwam 59 59 0.14

Flag root medicine 57 49 1.90

Sugar maple maple syrup 55 55 0.02

Alders wigwam medicine 54 51 0.72

Hazelnut food 52 47 1.19

Red dogwood medicine 51 51 0.05

Gold thread medicine 49 49 0.20

Balsam fir tipping 44 59 3.46

Cattail food medicine 44 49 1.07

Chokecherry food 42 48 1.59

Average 57 58

EPA004572
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 29

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

1 The first question relateS to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box

below please indicate if the presence of the following plants is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Firewood hardwood 73 76 0.41

Fiddleheads food 72 79 0.92

Brown ash baskets 70 73 0.40

Birch baskets canoes 67 79 1.64

Sweet grass baskets spiritual 64 80 2.24

Cedar spiritual wigwam 53 74 3.00

Berry plants food 53 71 2.68

Balsam fir tipping 50 81 4.50

Sugar maple maple syrup 46 77 4.36

Red dogwood medicine 42 73 4.42

Alders wigwam medicine 41 74 4.7

Cattail food medicine 40 70 4.26

Gold thread medicine 40 73 4.66

Flag root medicine 40 74 4.94

Hazelnut food 39 67 4.02

Chokecherry food 38 73 4.98

Average 52 75

EPA004573
30 Responsive Management

Question 1 relates to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box below please

indicate if the presence of the following plants is very important somewhat important neither important nor

unimportant somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please

circle the appropriate number in each row

The following are the other responses indicated by

respondents Due to the low numbers of responses in these

other categories importance ratings have not been

included

Other

Responses

Houlton Aroostook Total

Apple 4 3 7

Pine Lumber 5 1 6

Sage 2 2 4

Alders Wigwam

Medicine

2 1 3

Aloe Plant 3 0 3

Calamus Root 2 1 3

Dennilion Leaf

Food

0 3 3

Fruit Trees 0 3 3

Goldenrod 1 1 2

Harvesting

Potatoes

2 0 2

Lake 2 0 2

Pea Fields Food 2 0 2

Spruce 0 2 2

Sarsaparilla 0 1 1

Trainer CPR

Specialist

1 0 1

White Birch 1 0 1

Wintergreen

Tea

1 0 1

EPA004574
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 31

AROOSTOOK

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Timber

production

49 25 6 5 7 8 100

HOULTON MAIL

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Timber

production

47 29 6 5 4 10 100

HOULTON PHONE

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Timber

production

26 11 10 4 4 44 100

HOULTON MAIL and PHONE

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Timber

production

41 24 7 5 4 19 100

AROOSTOOK and HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Timber

production 45 25 7 5 6 14 100

EPA004575
32 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Timber production 49 41 2.09

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

2 And do you feel that timber production is a Very important Somewhat important Neither

important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Timber production 47 26 3.30

AROOSTOOK

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Farming 54 22 9 3 7 6 100

HOULTON MAIL

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Farming 64 19 2 1 5 9 100

HOULTON PHONE

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Farming 23 17 11 3 1 44 100

EPA004576
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 33

HOULTON MAIL and PHONE

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Farming 52 19 5 2 4 19 100

AROOSTOOK and HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Farming 53 20 7 2 5 13 100

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Farming 54 52 0.33

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

3 And do you feel that farming is a Very important Somewhat important Neither important nor

unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant use of tribal lands

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Farming 64 23 6.07

EPA004577
34 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

ZWithin

Fish 81 9 2 1 8 1 100 5.80

Eagle 80 9 3 1 7 1 100 5.50

Deer 76 14 2 1 8 1 100 4.45

Moose 74 13 3 1 8 1 100 3.84

Bear 66 20 4 3 7 1 100 1.58

Birds 66 19 6 3 7 1 100 1.58

Rabbit 60 26 5 2 7 1 100 0.06

Beaver 57 22 10 4 6 1 100 0.68

Fox 49 25 15 3 8 1 100 3.11

Turtles 46 20 19 6 8 2 100 3.86

Porcupine 46 24 14 6 8 2 100 3.86

Muskrat 42 28 15 7 7 2 100 5.07

Frogs 37 22 22 8 9 1 100 6.26

Average 60 19 9 3 7 1 100

HOULTON MAIL

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fish 84 10 1 1 3 1 100 7.12

Eagle 83 10 3 1 4 0 100 6.66

Moose 81 12 3 0 4 0 100 6.37

Deer 80 15 1 0 3 1 100 5.91

Birds 66 21 5 3 4 1 100 2.24

Bear 63 28 4 1 4 0 100 1.33

Rabbit 54 32 8 3 3 1 100 1.10

Fox 49 27 14 5 5 1 100 2.47

Beaver 45 27 16 6 5 1 100 3.39

Turtles 39 28 17 7 7 2 100 5.06

Muskrat 37 29 17 7 7 2 100 5.51

Porcupine 37 25 20 7 8 2 100 5.51

Frogs 33 28 20 6 11 2 100 6.59

Average 58 22 10 4 5 1 100

EPA004578
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 35

HOULTON PHONE

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Eagle 86 10 3 0 0 1 100 2.57

Deer 86 11 0 1 0 1 100 2.57

Moose 86 11 0 0 0 3 100 2.57

Fish 86 11 1 0 0 1 100 2.57

Bear 77 14 1 4 0 3 100 0.97

Birds 77 17 3 0 1 1 100 0.97

Rabbit 69 21 3 1 3 3 100 0.61

Fox 66 20 7 3 1 3 100 1.15

Turtles 60 16 10 10 3 1 100 2.21

Muskrat 59 19 7 10 4 1 100 2.47

Frogs 59 21 11 4 3 1 100 2.47

Porcupine 57 21 10 6 4 1 100 2.75

Beaver 69 20 4 0 1 6 100 0.61

Average 72 16 5 3 2 2 100

HOULTON MAIL AND PHONE

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fish 85 11 1 0 2 1 100 7.39

Eagle 83 10 3 0 3 0 100 7.00

Moose 83 12 2 3 1 0 100 6.74

Deer 81 14 1 0 2 1 100 6.36

Birds 69 20 4 2 3 1 100 2.41

Bear 67 24 3 2 3 1 100 1.63

Rabbit 58 29 7 2 3 2 100 1.24

Fox 53 25 12 5 4 2 100 2.70

Beaver 52 25 13 5 4 2 100 3.22

Turtles 45 25 15 8 6 2 100 5.45

Muskrat 43 26 14 8 6 2 100 5.97

Porcupine 43 24 17 7 7 2 100 6.09

Frogs 41 26 17 5 9 2 100 6.87

Average 62 21 8 4 4 1 100

EPA004579
36 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK and HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fish 83 10 1 1 5 1 100 9.73

Eagle 82 9 3 1 5 1 100 9.24

Deer 79 14 1 1 5 1 100 7.95

Moose 78 12 3 0 6 1 100 7.73

Birds 67 19 5 3 5 1 100 2.93

Bear 66 22 4 2 5 1 100 2.40

Rabbit 59 27 6 2 5 1 100 0.80

Beaver 55 24 11 4 5 2 100 2.75

Fox 51 25 14 4 6 1 100 4.35

Turtles 45 23 17 7 7 2 100 6.84

Porcupine 44 24 16 6 8 2 100 7.28

Muskrat 42 27 15 8 6 2 100 8.17

Frogs 39 24 20 7 9 2 100 9.77

Average 61 20 9 3 6 1 100

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Fish 81 85 0.78

Eagle 80 83 0.76

Deer 76 81 1.15

Moose 74 83 1.88

Bear 66 67 0.27

Birds 66 69 0.80

Rabbit 60 58 0.51

Beaver 57 52 1.32

Fox 49 53 1.16

Turtles 46 45 0.25

Porcupine 46 43 0.76

Muskrat 42 43 0.46

Frogs 37 41 0.88

Average 60 62

EPA004580
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 37

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate

whether the presence of each animal and the land that it uses is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Fish 84 86 0.23

Eagle 83 86 0.49

Moose 81 86 0.65

Deer 80 86 0.90

Birds 66 77 1.58

Bear 63 77 2.06

Rabbit 54 69 2.11

Fox 49 66 2.43

Beaver 45 69 3.32

Turtles 39 60 3.03

Muskrat 37 59 3.10

Porcupine 37 57 2.89

Frogs 33 59 3.71

Average 58 72

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate whether the

presence of each animal and the land that it uses is very important somewhat important neither important

nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands

Please circle the appropriate number in each row

The following are the other responses indicated by

respondents Due to the low numbers of responses in these

other categories importance ratings have not been

included

Other Responses Houlton Aroostook Total

Coyote 2 5 7

Wolf 1 4 5

Groundhogs 2 1 3

Birds 2 1 3

Cougar Mountain

Lion

3 0 3

Cows 3 0 3

Dogs 2 1 3

Eel 1 2 3

Hawk 2 1 3

Fish 2 0 2

Me 1 1 2

Honey Bee 1 0 1

Partridge Food 0 1 1

Raccoon 1 0 1

Ruffed Grouse 0 1 1

Turkey 1 0 1

Water Fowl 1 0 1

Weasel 1 0 1

EPA004581
38 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK

5 For those tribal lands that have significant bear populations do you agree or disagree that bear

hunting should be allowed on tribal lands Please circle the appropriate answer Note included

only for AROOSTOOK

Strongly

agree

Moderately

agree Neither

Moderately

disagree

Strongly

disagree

Don't know

Missing

Total

Bear

Hunting 30 31 4 7 18 10 100

AROOSTOOK

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Burial grounds 83 6 2 1 7 2 100 5.01

Water trails and

canoe portages

65 20 6 2 6 3 100 0.28

Sacred sites

such as Mt

Katahdin

64 19 5 4 6 2 100 0.45

Historical

villages

settlements

campsite

64 19 6 2 7 3 100 0.45

Archaeological

villages

settlements

61 21 7 2 7 3 100 1.36

Sites with

arrowhead

material

57 26 7 3 6 2 100 2.47

Average 65 18 5 2 6 3 100

EPA004582
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 39

HOULTON MAIL

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Burial grounds 83 11 2 1 4 0 100 3.73

Sacred sites

such as Mt

Katahdin

74 15 5 2 4 1 100 1.27

Water trails and

canoe portages

72 19 4 2 2 1 100 0.64

Historical

villages

settlements

campsite

68 23 4 2 3 1 100 0.35

Archaeological

villages

settlements

63 25 6 2 4 0 100 1.82

Sites with

arrowhead

material

58 32 5 3 2 0 100 3.47

Average 70 21 4 2 3 0 100

EPA004583
40 Responsive Management

HOULTON PHONE

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Burial grounds 83 16 0 0 0 1 100 2.39

Sacred sites

such as Mt

Katahdin

73 23 1 1 0 1 100 0.57

Archaeological

villages

settlements

69 23 7 0 0 1 100 0.22

Historical

villages

settlements

campsite

69 27 3 0 0 1 100 0.22

Water trails and

canoe portages

64 30 3 0 0 3 100 1.00

Sites with

arrowhead

material

61 30 4 3 0 1 100 1.53

Average 70 25 3 1 0 2 100

EPA004584
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 41

HOULTON MAIL AND PHONE

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Burial grounds 83 12 2 0 3 0 100 4.43

Sacred sites

such as Mt

Katahdin

74 17 4 2 3 1 100 1.39

Water trails and

canoe portages

70 22 4 2 2 1 100 0.01

Historical

villages

settlements

campsite

68 24 4 1 2 1 100 0.42

Archaeological

villages

settlements

65 24 6 2 3 0 100 1.65

Sites with

arrowhead

material

59 32 5 3 2 0 100 3.74

Average 70 22 4 2 2 1 100

EPA004585
42 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK AND HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Burial grounds 83 9 2 1 5 1 100 7.05

Sacred sites

such as Mt

Katahdin

69 18 4 3 4 2 100 0.57

Water trails and

canoe portages

67 21 5 2 4 2 100 0.22

Historical

villages

settlements

campsite

66 21 5 2 4 2 100 0.63

Archaeological

villages

settlements

63 23 6 2 5 2 100 2.25

Sites with

arrowhead

material

58 29 6 3 4 1 100 4.52

Average 68 20 4 2 4 2 100

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and

PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Burial grounds 83 83 0.11

Water trails and canoe portages 65 70 1.13

Sacred sites such as Mt Katahdin 64 74 2.15

Historical villages settlements

campsite

64 68 1.00

Archaeological villages settlements 61 65 0.92

Sites with arrowhead material 57 59 0.44

Average 65 70

EPA004586
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 43

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal

member In the box below please indicate whether each item is Very important Somewhat

important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you

as a culturally or historically significant location Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Burial grounds 83 83 0.06

Sacred sites such as Mt Katahdin 74 73 0.16

Water trails and canoe portages 72 64 1.07

Historical villages settlements

campsite

68 69 0.03

Archaeological villages settlements 63 69 0.75

Sites with arrowhead material 58 61 0.54

Average 70 70

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal member In the

box below please indicate whether each item is very important somewhat important neither important nor

unimportant somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you as a culturally or historically significant

location Please circle the appropriate number in each row

The following are the other responses indicated by

respondents Due to the low numbers of responses in

these other categories importance ratings have not

been included

Other Responses Houlton Aroostook Total

Arcadia 3 0 3

All Natural Sites 2 1 3

Cemetery For Tribe 2 1 3

Brown Ash Growths 0 3 3

Burial Ground 3 0 3

Early Settlements

Where Families Of

Lor

2 0 2

Historical Villages

Settlements Camp

Sights

2 0 2

Kennebec River 1 1 2

Language 2 0 2

Most Mountains 0 1 1

Our Own Spiritual

Ground

0 1 1

QuaKasJo

Washburn

0 1 1

Sacred Site For Tribe

But On Our Own Ne

1 0 1

Should Hold Prayer

Meetings At All

Burial

1 0 1

Sweet Grass Lands 0 1 1

EPA004587
44 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 77 11 2 1 7 2 100 4.36

Basket

making 75 11 3 1 8 3 100 4.06

Hunting 72 15 3 2 7 2 100 3.00

Singing

dancing and

drumming

71 12 4 1 8 4 100 2.70

Food

gathering

68 15 6 3 5 3 100 1.95

Tribal

medicine 67 14 6 1 8 3 100 1.79

Making

snowshoes 65 18 6 1 7 3 100 1.18

Making

moccasins 62 20 6 2 7 3 100 0.43

Making drums 62 22 6 1 7 3 100 0.26

Making

dreamcatchers and

medicine

wheel

58 22 7 3 7 3 100 0.79

Making

canoes 55 25 8 2 7 3 100 1.54

Making rattles 55 25 8 3 7 3 100 1.71

Making

wigwams

55 24 9 4 6 3 100 1.71

Making

paddles

53 27 8 3 7 3 100 2.29

Making

jewelry

50 30 6 4 7 3 100 2.9

Making war

clubs 29 31 18 8 10 5 100 8.80

Average 61 20 7 2 7 3 100

EPA004588
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 45

HOULTON MAIL

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Basket

making 77 14 3 1 4 2 100 5.44

Fishing 75 15 4 1 3 2 100 4.98

Singing

dancing and

drumming

72 15 7 2 2 2 100 4.23

Hunting 70 16 7 1 3 3 100 3.48

Tribal

medicine

63 18 14 1 3 1 100 1.65

Food

gathering

59 22 12 2 3 2 100 0.61

Making drums 55 31 7 1 3 2 100 0.31

Making

snowshoes 54 33 7 2 3 2 100 0.76

Making

moccasins

54 34 7 0 4 2 100 0.76

Making

dreamcatchers and

medicine

wheel

53 29 7 5 4 2 100 0.92

Making

jewelry

51 33 7 3 2 3 100 1.38

Making

canoes 51 36 7 2 2 2 100 1.54

Making

paddles 49 37 6 3 2 2 100 1.97

Making rattles 49 32 10 2 4 3 100 1.97

Making

wigwams 40 38 14 3 3 2 100 4.41

Making war

clubs 33 31 22 8 4 2 100 6.37

Average 57 27 9 2 3 2 100

EPA004589
46 Responsive Management

HOULTON PHONE

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 87 11 0 0 1 0 100 2.59

Hunting 84 14 0 0 1 0 100 2.06

Basket

making 81 19 0 0 0 0 100 1.51

Food

gathering

79 19 1 1 0 0 100 0.98

Making drums 79 21 0 0 0 0 100 0.98

Making

canoes 74 26 0 0 0 0 100 0.17

Making

paddles

74 24 1 0 0 0 100 0.17

Making

moccasins 73 26 0 1 0 0 100 0.09

Making

snowshoes 71 26 1 1 0 0 100 0.38

Tribal

medicine 71 23 1 1 0 3 100 0.38

Singing

dancing and

drumming

70 24 1 0 0 4 100 0.64

Making rattles 69 26 4 1 0 0 100 0.91

Making

dreamcatchers and

medicine

wheel

69 27 3 0 0 1 100 0.91

Making

jewelry

66 29 4 0 0 1 100 1.46

Making war

clubs

64 29 3 4 0 0 100 1.72

Making

wigwams

63 29 4 3 0 1 100 1.99

Average 73 23 2 1 0 1 100

EPA004590
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 47

HOULTON MAIL and PHONE

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 79 14 3 1 3 1 100 5.54

Basket

making 78 15 2 1 3 1 100 5.42

Hunting 74 16 5 1 3 2 100 4.00

Singing

dancing and

drumming

72 18 5 1 2 2 100 3.35

Tribal

medicine 65 19 10 1 2 2 100 1.25

Food

gathering

64 21 9 2 2 1 100 0.99

Making drums 62 28 5 1 2 2 100 0.19

Making

moccasins 59 32 5 0 3 1 100 0.72

Making

snowshoes

59 31 5 2 2 1 100 0.85

Making

canoes 58 33 5 2 2 1 100 1.23

Making

dreamcatchers and

medicine

wheel

58 28 6 3 3 2 100 1.23

Making

paddles

56 34 5 2 2 2 100 1.62

Making

jewelry

56 32 7 2 1 2 100 1.88

Making rattles 55 30 8 2 3 2 100 2.14

Making

wigwams

47 35 11 3 2 2 100 4.75

Making war

clubs

42 30 17 7 3 2 100 6.33

Average 61 26 7 2 2 2 100

EPA004591
48 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK and HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 78 12 3 1 5 2 100 7.32

Basket

making 77 13 2 1 5 2 100 7.01

Hunting 73 15 4 1 5 2 100 5.14

Singing

dancing and

drumming

71 15 5 1 5 3 100 4.47

Tribal

medicine 66 17 8 1 5 2 100 2.30

Food

gathering

66 18 8 3 4 2 100 2.25

Making

snowshoes 62 24 6 1 5 2 100 0.38

Making drums 62 25 5 1 5 2 100 0.34

Making

moccasins

61 26 5 1 5 2 100 0.15

Making

dreamcatchers and

medicine

wheel

58 25 6 3 5 3 100 1.48

Making

canoes 56 29 7 2 4 2 100 2.11

Making rattles 55 28 8 2 5 3 100 2.82

Making

paddles

54 31 6 2 4 2 100 2.95

Making

jewelry

53 31 6 3 4 3 100 3.62

Making

wigwams

51 29 10 3 4 3 100 4.64

Making war

clubs

35 31 17 7 7 3 100 11.44

Average 61 23 7 2 5 2 100

EPA004592
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 49

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and

PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Fishing 77 79 0.43

Basket making 75 78 0.58

Hunting 72 74 0.46

Singing dancing and drumming 71 72 0.26

Food gathering 68 64 0.76

Tribal medicine 67 65 0.44

Making snowshoes 65 59 1.43

Making moccasins 62 59 0.73

Making drums 62 62 0.05

Making dream catchers and

medicine wheel

58 58 0.09

Making canoes 55 58 0.54

Making wigwams 55 47 1.93

Making rattles 55 55 0.02

Making paddles 53 56 0.90

Making jewelry 50 56 1.24

Making war clubs 29 42 3.51

Average 61 61

EPA004593
50 Responsive Management

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of

your tribe In the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant to you Please circle the appropriate number in each row

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Basket making 77 81 0.68

Fishing 75 87 1.79

Singing dancing and drumming 72 70 0.33

Hunting 70 84 2.16

Tribal medicine 63 71 1.24

Food gathering 59 79 2.82

Making drums 55 79 3.30

Making snowshoes 54 71 2.51

Making moccasins 54 73 2.72

Making dream catchers and medicine

wheel

53 69 2.20

Making jewelry 51 66 2.03

Making canoes 51 74 3.33

Making paddles 49 74 3.56

Making rattles 49 69 2.75

Making wigwams 40 63 3.28

Making war clubs 33 64 4.57

Average 57 73

EPA004594
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 51

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of your tribe In

the box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are very important somewhat important

neither important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant to you Please circle the

appropriate number in each row

The following are the other responses indicated by

respondents Due to the low numbers of responses in

these other categories importance ratings have not

been included

Other Responses Houlton Aroostook Total

Language 15 3 18

Clothing 5 4 9

Anything Traditional 3 0 3

Aromatherapy

Sweet grass

2 1 3

Beading Leather 1 2 3

Craving 2 1 3

FarmingCrops 1 2 3

Knowledge Of All

These Are A Five

1 2 3

Quilting 1 2 3

Stories 2 1 3

Making Flutes 1 1 2

Sweat Lodges 1 1 2

Mark Trails With

Red And White

1 0 1

Singing Dancing

Drumming

1 0 1

Traditional Finger

Weaving

1 0 1

EPA004595
52 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Wildlife

viewing 79 10 1 2 7 1 100 8.24

Fishing 78 11 2 2 7 1 100 8.08

Hunting 70 14 4 3 7 2 100 5.86

Canoeing

Kayaking 67 18 6 4 6 1 100 5

Hiking 64 26 2 3 5 1 100 4.24

Snow

shoeing

61 25 7 2 6 1 100 3.37

Bicycling 42 35 11 7 4 2 100 1.83

Dog

sledding

38 31 17 5 7 2 100 2.69

Crosscountry

skiing

37 33 18 5 6 2 100 3.15

Snow

sledding

31 31 13 8 15 2 100 4.64

Fourwheeling 24 27 14 10 22 2 100 6.56

Motor

boating

22 27 16 10 22 2 100 7.00

Jet skiing 15 12 23 14 32 3 100 8.92

Average 48 23 10 6 11 2 100

EPA004596
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 53

HOULTON MAIL

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 77 16 1 1 4 1 100 7.68

Wildlife

viewing

77 15 4 1 3 1 100 7.52

Hunting 72 16 5 1 5 1 100 6.19

Canoeing

Kayaking 68 22 5 1 3 2 100 5.13

Hiking 62 27 5 2 3 1 100 3.61

Snow

shoeing 53 34 7 2 4 1 100 1.05

Bicycling 44 36 12 2 5 1 100 1.18

Crosscountry

skiing

42 40 11 5 3 1 100 1.79

Snow

sledding 38 32 11 10 10 0 100 2.83

Dog

sledding

34 33 20 5 8 0 100 3.90

Fourwheeling 30 28 14 12 15 2 100 4.96

Motor

boating

21 29 22 12 16 1 100 7.36

Jet skiing 14 23 23 12 27 1 100 9.17

Average 49 27 11 5 8 1 100

EPA004597
54 Responsive Management

HOULTON PHONE

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 83 16 0 0 1 0 100 2.94

Hunting 81 16 1 0 1 0 100 2.68

Wildlife

viewing

79 17 3 0 0 1 100 2.18

Canoeing

Kayaking 74 21 3 0 1 0 100 1.42

Hiking 71 24 3 0 1 0 100 0.91

Snow

shoeing 69 24 4 1 1 0 100 0.41

Bicycling 69 23 7 1 0 0 100 0.41

Crosscountry

skiing

67 24 7 1 0 0 100 0.15

Snow

sledding 60 23 7 9 1 0 100 1.11

Dog

sledding

59 24 11 1 3 1 100 1.36

Fourwheeling 57 23 10 9 1 0 100 1.62

Motor

boating

49 26 14 6 6 0 100 3.13

Jet skiing 44 27 13 9 7 0 100 3.89

Average 66 22 6 3 2 0 100

EPA004598
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 55

HOULTON MAIL and PHONE

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 79 16 1 1 3 0 100 7.98

Wildlife

viewing

77 15 4 0 2 1 100 7.48

Hunting 75 16 4 1 4 1 100 6.6

Canoeing

Kayaking 70 22 4 1 2 1 100 5.05

Hiking 65 26 5 2 2 1 100 3.54

Snow

shoeing 57 31 6 2 3 0 100 1.12

Bicycling 51 32 11 2 3 0 100 0.81

Crosscountry

skiing

49 35 10 4 2 0 100 1.44

Snow

sledding 44 29 10 10 7 0 100 2.98

Dog

sledding

41 31 17 4 7 0 100 3.99

Fourwheeling 38 26 13 11 11 1 100 5.00

Motor

boating

29 28 19 10 13 0 100 7.83

Jet skiing 23 24 20 11 21 1 100 9.73

Average 54 26 9 4 6 1 100

EPA004599
56 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK and HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

Very

important

Somewhat

important

Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Fishing 79 13 1 2 5 1 100 11.96

Wildlife

viewing

78 13 2 1 4 1 100 11.75

Hunting 72 15 4 2 5 1 100 9.23

Canoeing

Kayaking 68 20 5 2 4 1 100 7.50

Hiking 64 26 3 2 4 1 100 5.85

Snow

shoeing 59 28 7 2 4 1 100 3.46

Bicycling 46 34 11 4 4 1 100 2.00

Crosscountry

skiing

43 34 14 4 4 1 100 3.52

Dog

sledding 40 31 17 5 7 1 100 4.91

Snow

sledding

38 30 11 9 11 1 100 5.77

Fourwheeling 31 27 14 11 16 2 100 8.72

Motor

boating

26 28 18 10 17 1 100 10.98

Jet skiing 19 18 22 13 27 2 100 13.84

Average 51 24 10 5 9 1 100

EPA004600
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 57

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Wildlife viewing 79 77 0.30

Fishing 78 79 0.17

Hunting 70 75 1.00

Canoeing Kayaking 67 70 0.64

Hiking 64 65 0.20

Snow shoeing 61 57 0.83

Bicycling 42 51 2.37

Dog sledding 38 41 0.69

Crosscountry skiing 37 49 3.18

Snow sledding 31 44 3.51

Fourwheeling 24 38 4.01

Motor boating 22 29 2.00

Jet skiing 15 23 2.67

Average 48 54

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are Very important

Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or Very

unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each

row

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Fishing 77 83 0.82

Wildlife viewing 77 79 0.26

Hunting 72 81 1.40

Canoeing Kayaking 68 74 0.93

Hiking 62 71 1.32

Snow shoeing 53 69 2.28

Bicycling 44 69 3.48

Crosscountry skiing 42 67 3.61

Snow sledding 38 60 3.20

Dog sledding 34 59 3.61

Fourwheeling 30 57 4.03

Motor boating 21 49 4.36

Jet skiing 14 44 5.03

Average 49 66

EPA004601
58 Responsive Management

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are very important somewhat

important neither important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

The following are the other responses indicated by

respondents Due to the low numbers of responses in these

other categories importance ratings have not been

included

Other Responses Houlton Aroostook Total

Skiing 3 3 6

Baseball 2 1 3

Camping 1 2 3

Walking 2 1 3

Housing Complex 2 0 2

Indian Games

Winter Games

Traditional

1 1 2

Playground For The

Children On Bonaire

1 1 2

Swimming 2 0 2

Quiet Glens For

Meditating

0 1 1

Trading Post 1 0 1

Trapping 0 1 1

Water Skiing 1 0 1

AROOSTOOK

9 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering buying

tribal lands what size parcels should be purchased Please circle the appropriate answer

1200

acres

200 500

acres

500 999

acres

1000 4,999

acres

5,000 acres

or more No preference

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Parcel

size

3 3 8 15 42 25 4 100.00

HOULTON MAIL

9 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering buying

tribal lands what size parcels should be purchased Please circle the appropriate answer

1200

acres

200 500

acres

500 999

acres

1000

4,999

acres

5,000 acres

or more

No

preference

Don’t know

Missing Total

Parcel

size 1 9 10 16 28 31 5 100.00

EPA004602
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 59

HOULTON PHONE

9 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering buying

tribal lands what size parcels should be purchased Please circle the appropriate answer

1200

acres

200 500

acres

500 999

acres

1000

4,999

acres

5,000 acres

or more

No

preference

Don’t know

Missing Total

Parcel

size 6 9 11 16 54 4 0 100.00

HOULTON MAIL AND PHONE

9 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering buying

tribal lands what size parcels should be purchased Please circle the appropriate answer

1200

acres

200 500

acres

500 999

acres

1000

4,999

acres

5,000 acres

or more

No

preference

Don’t know

Missing Total

Parcel

size 0 8 10 15 24 38 5 100.00

AROOSTOOK AND HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

9 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering

buying tribal lands what size parcels should be purchased Please circle the appropriate

answer

1200

acres

200 500

acres

500 999

acres

1000

4,999

acres

5,000

acres or

more

No

preferenc

e

Don’t

know

Missing

Total

Parcel

size 2 6 9 15 33 31 4 100.00

AROOSTOOK

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animalswhen considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wildernessareas Please

circle the appropriate answer

Close to

developed

Close to

wilderness No preference Don’t know

Missing Total

Parcel location 10 71 14 5 100

HOULTON MAIL

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animalswhen considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wildernessareas Please

circle the appropriate answer

Close to

developed Close to wilderness No preference

Don’t know

Missing Total

Parcel

location

11 61 23 6 100

EPA004603
60 Responsive Management

HOULTON PHONE

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animalswhen considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wilderness areas Please

circle the appropriate answer

Close to

developed Close to wilderness No preference

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Parcel

location

1 27 30 41 100

HOULTON MAIL AND PHONE

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wildernessareas Please

circle the appropriate answer

Close to

developed Close to wilderness No preference

Don’t know

Missing

Total

Parcel

location 8 51 25 16 100

AROOSTOOK AND HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wildernessareas Please

circle the appropriate answer

Close to

developed Close to wilderness No preference Don’t knowMissing

Total

Parcel

location 9 61 20 10 100

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animalswhen considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wildernessareas Please

circle the appropriate answer

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and PHONE ZBetween

Close to developed Close to developed

Parcel location 10 8 0.87

EPA004604
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 61

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animalswhen considering

buying tribal lands would you prefer lands that are Close to developed areas and have access to

modern conveniences or would you prefer lands that are closer to wildernessareas Please

circle the appropriate answer

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Close to developed Close to developed

Parcel location 11 1 3.05

EPA004605
62 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Has access

to drinking

water

81 7 4 1 6 3 100 8.90

Has access

to rivers and

streams

73 15 3 1 6 2 100 6.68

Has fishing

sites 70 15 6 1 6 3 100 5.93

Has access

to ponds

and lakes

70 18 3 1 6 2 100 5.93

Has hunting

sites

65 17 7 1 8 2 100 4.46

Contains

forestland

63 23 4 1 6 3 100 4.00

Access to

trails and

roads

59 28 4 2 5 3 100 2.84

Has

gathering

sites

56 19 11 5 6 3 100 2.24

Has historic

cultural

value

55 19 14 2 7 2 100 1.94

Contains

wetlands

42 27 15 9 4 4 100 1.76

Contains

farmland 42 28 14 6 7 4 100 1.76

Close to

existing

tribal lands

34 30 18 9 7 3 100 3.82

Has mineral

deposits

31 25 21 10 9 5 100 4.58

Has coastal

land 27 28 24 9 7 4 100 5.61

Has

southern

exposure

22 31 29 6 8 4 100 6.94

Close to

major

highways

16 32 20 13 16 3 100 8.56

Close to

railroads

12 21 31 14 20 3 100 9.89

Average 48 23 13 5 8 3 100

EPA004606
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 63

HOULTON MAIL

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Has access

to drinking

water

80 12 3 1 3 1 100 8.12

Has access

to rivers and

streams

72 22 2 1 3 1 100 6.02

Has access

to ponds

and lakes

71 23 2 1 3 1 100 5.72

Has fishing

sites

69 23 4 2 2 1 100 5.11

Has hunting

sites

66 21 7 3 2 1 100 4.37

Contains

forestland

66 25 5 3 1 1 100 4.21

Access to

trails and

roads

63 28 2 2 6 0 100 3.62

Has historic

cultural

value

60 27 7 1 3 2 100 2.72

Has

gathering

sites

50 35 9 4 2 1 100 0.16

Contains

farmland

48 33 11 4 3 1 100 0.58

Close to

existing

tribal lands

45 38 7 3 5 2 100 1.19

Contains

wetlands 35 38 18 5 4 1 100 4.04

Has coastal

land 32 31 21 6 9 2 100 4.65

Has mineral

deposits

31 31 26 5 6 2 100 4.95

Has

southern

exposure

26 31 25 9 7 3 100 6.3

Close to

major

highways

17 31 20 12 17 2 100 8.72

Close to

railroads

14 16 31 18 20 2 100 9.60

Average 50 27 12 5 5 1 100

EPA004607
64 Responsive Management

HOULTON PHONE

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Has access

to drinking

water

81 17 0 0 0 1 100 2.68

Has hunting

sites

80 16 0 1 1 1 100 2.44

Has fishing

sites

79 17 0 1 1 1 100 2.19

Has historic

cultural

value

79 19 1 0 0 1 100 2.19

Has access

to rivers and

streams

77 19 1 1 0 1 100 1.92

Has access

to ponds

and lakes

77 20 0 1 0 1 100 1.92

Has

gathering

sites

74 17 4 1 0 3 100 1.43

Contains

forestland

73 23 3 0 0 1 100 1.18

Close to

existing

tribal lands

66 23 9 0 1 1 100 0.09

Access to

trails and

roads

63 27 6 1 0 3 100 0.59

Contains

farmland 60 29 7 3 0 1 100 1.10

Has mineral

deposits

59 26 7 6 1 1 100 1.35

Contains

wetlands 59 29 6 4 1 1 100 1.35

Has

southern

exposure

54 20 20 0 1 4 100 2.11

Has coastal

land 53 20 17 6 1 3 100 2.36

Close to

major

highways

47 20 11 13 7 1 100 3.38

Close to

railroads

46 14 17 13 9 1 100 3.63

Average 66 21 6 3 2 2 100

EPA004608
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 65

HOULTON MAIL AND PHONE

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Has access

to drinking

water

81 13 2 1 2 1 100 8.27

Has access

to rivers and

streams

74 21 2 1 2 1 100 6.10

Has access

to ponds

and lakes

73 22 1 1 2 1 100 5.84

Has fishing

sites

72 22 3 2 2 1 100 5.46

Has hunting

sites

70 19 5 3 2 1 100 4.93

Contains

forestland

68 25 4 2 1 1 100 4.17

Has historic

cultural

value

65 25 6 1 2 2 100 3.41

Access to

trails and

roads

63 28 3 2 4 1 100 2.78

Has

gathering

sites

57 30 7 3 2 1 100 0.86

Close to

existing

tribal lands

51 34 8 2 4 2 100 1.07

Contains

farmland 51 32 10 4 2 1 100 1.07

Contains

wetlands 41 35 14 5 3 1 100 4.13

Has mineral

deposits

39 29 21 5 5 2 100 4.89

Has coastal

land 38 28 20 6 7 2 100 5.14

Has

southern

exposure

34 28 24 7 5 3 100 6.43

Close to

major

highways

26 28 18 13 14 2 100 9.11

Close to

railroads

23 15 27 17 17 2 100 10.00

Average 54 25 10 4 4 1 100

EPA004609
66 Responsive Management

AROOSTOOK AND HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

Very

important

Somewhat

important Neither

Somewhat

unimportant

Very

unimportant

Don’t

know

Missing

Total ZWithin

Has access

to drinking

water

81 10 3 1 4 2 100 12.80

Has access

to rivers and

streams

73 18 2 1 4 2 100 9.54

Has access

to ponds

and lakes

71 20 2 1 4 2 100 8.76

Has fishing

sites

71 18 4 1 4 2 100 8.50

Has hunting

sites

67 18 6 2 5 2 100 6.99

Contains

forestland

65 24 4 2 3 2 100 6.07

Access to

trails and

roads

61 28 4 2 5 2 100 4.17

Has historic

cultural

value

60 22 10 2 5 2 100 3.91

Has

gathering

sites

57 24 9 4 4 2 100 2.39

Contains

farmland

46 30 12 5 4 3 100 2.12

Close to

existing

tribal lands

42 32 13 6 5 2 100 3.81

Contains

wetlands 41 31 15 7 4 3 100 4.25

Has mineral

deposits

35 27 21 8 7 3 100 7.02

Has coastal

land 33 28 22 8 7 3 100 8.02

Has

southern

exposure

28 29 26 6 7 4 100 9.97

Close to

major

highways

21 30 19 13 15 3 100 13.14

Close to

railroads

17 18 29 15 18 2 100 14.79

Average 51 24 12 5 6 2 100

EPA004610
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 67

AROOSTOOK VS HOULTON ALL BETWEEN

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

AROOSTOOK HOULTON MAIL and

PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Has access to drinking water 81 81 0.06

Has access to rivers and

streams

73 74 0.22

Has fishing sites 70 72 0.39

Has access to ponds and lakes 70 73 0.65

Has hunting sites 65 70 1.22

Contains forestland 63 68 1.07

Access to trails and roads 59 63 1.07

Has gathering sites 56 57 0.19

Has historic cultural value 55 65 2.28

Contains wetlands 42 41 0.05

Contains farmland 42 51 2.37

Close to existing tribal lands 34 51 4.40

Has mineral deposits 31 39 2.17

Has coastal land 27 38 3.08

Has southern exposure 22 34 3.52

Close to major highways 16 26 3.15

Close to railroads 12 23 4.24

Average 48 54

EPA004611
68 Responsive Management

HOULTON MAIL VERSUS PHONE BETWEEN

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that

must be taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a Very

important Somewhat important Neither important nor unimportant Somewhat unimportant or

Very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in

each row

HOULTON MAIL HOULTON PHONE ZBetween

Very important Very important

Has access to drinking water 80 81 0.18

Has access to rivers and streams 72 77 0.70

Has access to ponds and lakes 71 77 0.85

Has fishing sites 69 79 1.40

Has hunting sites 66 80 2.00

Contains forestland 66 73 1.06

Access to trails and roads 63 63 0.06

Has historic cultural value 60 79 2.67

Has gathering sites 50 74 3.4

Contains farmland 48 60 1.79

Close to existing tribal lands 45 66 2.92

Contains wetlands 35 59 3.52

Has coastal land 32 53 3.09

Has mineral deposits 31 59 4.05

Has southern exposure 26 54 4.28

Close to major highways 17 47 4.88

Close to railroads 14 46 5.32

Average 50 66

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that must be

taken into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a very important somewhat

important neither important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or Very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

The following are the other responses indicated by

respondents Due to the low numbers of responses in these

other categories importance ratings have not been

included

Other

Responses

Houlton Aroostook Total

Deep Old Forests 1 2 3

Has Access To

Drinking Water

3 0 3

Has Tepees 0 3 3

Health 2 0 2

Maine Or

Canada

1 0 1

Towns Peoples

Blessing

1 0 1

Unsettled

Territories

0 1 1

EPA004612
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 69

AROOSTOOK

Male Female Don’t know Missing Total

GENDER 37 60 3 100

HOULTON MAIL

Male Female Don’t know Missing Total

GENDER 36 64 0 100

HOULTON PHONE

Male Female Don’t know Missing Total

GENDER 37 53 10 100

HOULTON MAIL AND PHONE

Male Female Don’t know Missing Total

GENDER 36 61 3 100

AROOSTOOK AND HOULTON COMBINED AND WEIGHTED

Male Female Don’t know Missing Total

GENDER 37 61 3 100

Gender HOULTON AROOSTOOK AROOSTOOK and HOULTON

Male 36 37 37

Female 61 60 61

Don’t know Missing 3 3 3

Total 100 100 100

EPA004613
70 Responsive Management

AGE HOULTON AROOSTOOK AROOSTOOK and HOULTON

Under 5 Years 1 0 0

1014 Years 6 2 4

1519 Years 20 6 14

2024 Years 13 6 10

2529 Years 6 10 8

3034 Years 8 13 10

3539 Years 13 15 14

4044 Years 12 11 11

4549 Years 7 10 8

5054 Years 5 6 5

5559 Years 2 6 4

6064 Years 5 6 6

6574 Years 3 8 5

7584 Years 1 1 1

Total 100 100 100

EPA004614
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 71

Town CityOf Primary Residence HOULTON AROOSTOOK AROOSTOOK and HOULTON

Houlton 62 6 38

Missing 6 5 6

Monticello 3 7 5

Oakfield 3 0 2

Fort Fairfield 2 1 2

Augusta 2 0 1

Bangor 2 1 1

Hampden 1 0 1

Ludlow 1 0 1

Portland 1 1 1

Biddeford 1 1 1

Caribou 1 10 5

Dixfield 1 0 1

Hodgdon 1 0 1

Winslow 1 0 1

Caswell Limestone 1 0 0

Anaheim 0 0 0

Anaheim Hills Ca 0 0 0

Ashland 0 0 0

Beals 0 0 0

Blaine 0 2 1

Brewer 0 0 0

Canterbury 0 0 0

Canterbury Ct 0 0 0

Cary Plantation Me 0 0 0

Clifton 0 0 0

Dover NH 0 0 0

Eddington 0 0 0

Fort Defiance 0 0 0

Fort Kent 0 0 0

Hancock 0 0 0

Hollis 0 0 0

Honolulu 0 0 0

Hudson 0 1 1

Kittery 0 0 0

Las Vegas 0 0 0

Linneus 0 1 1

Littleton 0 1 1

N Amity 0 0 0

Nashua 0 0 0

North Andover 0 0 0

North Andover Ma 0 0 0

Old Town Houlton 0 0 0

Presque Isle 0 31 13

Somersworth 0 0 0

Wells 0 0 0

Westbrook 0 0 0

EPA004615
72 Responsive Management

Winterville Oh 0 0 0

Auburn 0 1 0

Bridgewater 0 1 0

Brunswick 0 1 0

Castle Hill 0 2 1

Caswell 0 1 0

Chapman 0 2 1

Chapman Me 0 1 0

Connor Twp 0 2 1

East Bernstadt 0 1 1

Ellington 0 1 0

Fortkint 0 1 0

Gouldsboro 0 1 0

Gray 0 1 0

Hamlin 0 1 0

Island Falls 0 1 0

Kennebunk 0 1 0

Levant 0 1 1

Limestone 0 1 0

Lincoln 0 1 0

Longwood 0 1 0

Lyman 0 1 0

Mapleton 0 3 1

Mapleton Chapman 0 1 0

Marshill 0 1 0

Milford 0 1 0

N Brookfield 0 1 0

Nachett 0 1 0

New Sharon 0 1 0

New Sweden 0 3 1

North Jay 0 1 0

Orono 0 1 0

Parkman 0 1 0

Phillips 0 1 0

Presque 0 1 0

Presque Island 0 1 0

Princeton 0 1 0

Sedgwick 0 1 0

Smyrna 0 1 0

Springvale 0 1 0

Storrs Ct 0 1 0

West Allis 0 1 0

Westmanland 0 1 0

Wetlands 0 1 0

Weymouth 0 1 0

Windham 0 1 0

Woodland 0 2 1

Woodwich 0 1 0

Total 100 100 100

EPA004616
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 73

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

A lot of the native culture has been lost and should be brought back it would be nice to live off the land of

our ancestors

A peaceful village where all agree together and an elder group for foundation

All activities could strengthen ones selfesteem and would benefit tribal members wellbeing

As a tribe we must consider what is best for the tribe not individual interest We cannot destroy our

Mother Earth

Bring back our native talking

Buy land so the native tribe of Micmac people can build homes and finally live on our own property and

live off the land

Buying tribal lands lets people get to know themselves better

We need cemetery of our own private lots to build our homes softball field

Culture and genealogy are very important

Has vision of tribe being farming trucking conglomerate

How come the tribes don’t help people of reservation You are always saying our money doesn't belong

to all of us

I'd like to see the tribe purchase land and preserve the natural habitat of the land for our children

I am really proud of my heritage It is a great feeling

I congratulate our tribal leaders on utilizing this survey in order to get the input of tribal members

I don't believe in hunting down animals it’s the same as hunting humans Animals are like human beings

they have feelings

I don't live in Aroostook anymore and have no plans of returning so I would adhere to the wishes of those

tribal members

I hope my answers can help my people

I hope this survey will be used when considering buying land for our people Thank you for caring about

our people

I like anything we have I like nature and animals God put them here

I share a deep spiritual bond with the earth and nature I love fishing and walking on trails

I think it would be nice to be able to live off the land

I think the tribe should purchase some wellresourced land ASAP

I think tribe HBMI should look into buying an unsettled township

I think we should all be able to live together and get along

I think we should own more forestry land than farmland

I wish and hope that our own generation and future generations will have more tribal land sites to live and

benefit from

I would like to see more wildlife and learn more about cultural history

I would like to see Native Americans be able to take 1 mooseyear for meat instead of non state residents

taking them

If land is to be bought then I think it would be a good idea to have hunting land for deer and moose for us

to hunt

If we purchase land we should leave it in its original habitat and state

Increase the public's knowledge of our spirituality and how we care for Mother Earth A list of POW

WOW's would be nice

It is important to save the land and foster native ways

It is wiser for the tribes to buy land with lots of good timber

It shouldn't matter where an Indian lives they should still receive the benefits of their tribe without living on

the reservation

It was very nice to answer this survey

It would be nice if this tribe could unite instead of fight Think of what the children see and hear

It would be nice to have a place we could all go camping hunting fishingetc a place we could all profit

from

EPA004617
74 Responsive Management

Land selected should be away from other people or somewhat close to 76 Big Cove Site where you can

get a deer or moose

Land should be bought where all Indians can make a living so we all can survive

Land that would sustain life would be the best purchase

Let us know what lands you're considering ask our opinion

Look into buying land for homes for tribal membersin Aroostook County Areas include PI MH Caribou

FT Fairfield

Look into purchasing land in Aroostook County PI FF Mars Hill etc to help individuals get homes

Money shouldn't be spent on one big area but put aside to help members who choose not to live on the

reservation

Need to teach children The past we have lost

No Gambling

Our past should be preserved in tribe by younger generation

Purchase land to help the tribe's economy

Remember our futurethe children

Thank you for wanting my opinion No bear hunting

The ABM has to be respectful we need to be careful not to jeopardize any jobs within these communities

The acquisition of land should be decided by the highly informed elders as to have member access be the

primary concern

The elders and the tribal council should make the final decisions on the location and type of land for the

people of the tribe

The lands don't have to be just in organized areas unorganized areas are just as good

The Micmac should have say over any council and should be taken care of in a week no more no less

The tribe has to work together to help the whole tribe

They don't want you to purchase anymore land they want something done with what we have

Very important opportunity giving tribal members the opportunity to voice their opinions

We need land that is in unsettled territories so we can do what we want with it and live the life an Indian is

to live

We need land to explore expand develop plant and harvest Ash is needed for baskets and crafts

We should have teachers to do all tribal traditions

What you are doing is a very wise choice to ensure safety and our culture for the children

Will hunt fish sites get overhunted

Will the Maliseets even purchase more land Do they still need authorization from the state and local

community to buy

EPA004618
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 75

SURVEY INSTRUMENT

Integrated Resources

Management Plan Survey

for the

Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians and

the Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians

The following survey asks important questions about your opinions on

natural resource management as it relates to current tribal lands and the purchase of

new tribal lands Natural resources include land air water plants and animals

Your opinions are very important in helping to make future decisions about land

and natural resource management for your tribe Please answer all of the questions

completely and to the best of your knowledge

If you do not know the answer to a particular question or you do not feel

comfortable answering a question simply leave that question blank and continue

with the rest of the survey Also know that all of your answers will be held

confidential and your name will not be associated with your answers in any way

Please return the completed questionnaire in the included envelope by date

Proceed to Question 1

EPA004619
76 Responsive Management

ForestryAgroforestry and Plants and Wildlife

1 The first questions relate to plants and uses of plants that may grow on tribal lands In the box below

please indicate if the presence of the following plants is very important somewhat important neither

important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant when considering

buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Plant 1 Very

unimportant

2 Somewhat

unimportant

3 Neither 4 Somewhat

important

5 Very

important

Brown Ash

baskets 1 2 3 4 5

Birch

baskets canoes 1 2 3 4 5

Alders wigwam

medicine 1 2 3 4 5

Balsam fir

tipping 1 2 3 4 5

Sugar Maple

maple syrup

1 2 3 4 5

Sweet grass

baskets spiritual

1 2 3 4 5

Fiddleheads

food 1 2 3 4 5

Cattail

food medicine 1 2 3 4 5

Gold thread

medicine 1 2 3 4 5

Berry plants

food 1 2 3 4 5

Flag root

medicine 1 2 3 4 5

Cedar

spiritualwigwam 1 2 3 4 5

Hazelnut

food 1 2 3 4 5

Chokecherry

food 1 2 3 4 5

Firewood

hardwood 1 2 3 4 5

Red dogwood

medicine 1 2 3 4 5

Others please list below and circle the appropriate number

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

EPA004620
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 77

2 And do you feel that timber production is a very important somewhat important neither important nor

unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant use of tribal lands

Please circle the appropriate answer

Very

unimportant

Somewhat

unimportant

Neither

Somewhat

important

Very

important

3 And do you feel that farming is a very important somewhat important neither important nor unimportant

somewhat unimportant or very unimportant use of tribal lands

Please circle the appropriate answer

Very

unimportant

Somewhat

unimportant

Neither

Somewhat

important

Very

important

4 Given that the lands that animals use may vary from one area to another please indicate whether the presence

of each animal and the land that it uses is very important somewhat important neither important nor

unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant when considering buying tribal lands Please

circle the appropriate number in each row

Animal

1 Very

unimportant

2 Somewhat

unimportant

3 Neither

4 Somewhat

important

5 Very

important

Eagle 1 2 3 4 5

Bear 1 2 3 4 5

Turtles 1 2 3 4 5

Muskrat 1 2 3 4 5

Porcupine 1 2 3 4 5

Deer 1 2 3 4 5

Rabbit 1 2 3 4 5

Frogs 1 2 3 4 5

Birds 1 2 3 4 5

Fox 1 2 3 4 5

Moose 1 2 3 4 5

Fish 1 2 3 4 5

Beaver 1 2 3 4 5

Others please list below and circle the appropriate number

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

EPA004621
78 Responsive Management

5 For those tribal lands that have significant bear populations do you agree or disagree that bear hunting

should be allowed on tribal lands Please circle the appropriate answer

Note included only for Aroostook

Strongly agree Moderately agree Neither

Moderately

disagree

Strongly disagree

CulturalArcheological

6 There are many places that may have cultural or historical significance to you as a tribal member In the

box below please indicate whether each item is very important somewhat important neither important nor

unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant to you as a culturally or historically significant

location Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Item

1 Very

unimportant

2 Somewhat

unimportant

3 Neither

4 Somewhat

important

5 Very

important

Sacred sites such as

Mt Katahdin

1 2 3 4 5

Sites with arrowhead

material chert

1 2 3 4 5

Burial grounds 1 2 3 4 5

Archaeological

villages settlements

eg Clovis Point at

Munsungan Lake

1 2 3 4 5

Historical villages

settlements campsites

eg The Flats

1 2 3 4 5

Water trails and

canoe portages or

carries

1 2 3 4 5

Others please list below and circle the appropriate number

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

EPA004622
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 79

Tribal Customs or Traditions

7 Many tribal traditions and practices may have personal significance to you as a member of your tribe In the

box below please indicate if the following tribal traditions are very important somewhat important neither

important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant to you Please circle the

appropriate number in each row

Tradition

1 Very

unimportant

2 Somewhat

unimportant

3 Neither

4 Somewhat

important

5 Very

important

Basket making 1 2 3 4 5

Food gathering 1 2 3 4 5

Hunting 1 2 3 4 5

Fishing 1 2 3 4 5

Making canoes 1 2 3 4 5

Making paddles 1 2 3 4 5

Making drums 1 2 3 4 5

Making rattles 1 2 3 4 5

Making snowshoes 1 2 3 4 5

Making wigwams 1 2 3 4 5

Making moccasins 1 2 3 4 5

Making war clubs 1 2 3 4 5

Tribal medicine 1 2 3 4 5

Making jewelry 1 2 3 4 5

Making

dreamcatchers medicine

wheels

1 2 3 4 5

Singing dancing

drumming

1 2 3 4 5

Others please list below and circle the appropriate number

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

EPA004623
80 Responsive Management

Recreation

8 Do you think that opportunities for each of the following types of recreation are very important somewhat

important neither important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant when

considering buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Activity

1 Very

unimportant

2

Somewhat

unimportant

3

Neither

4

Somewhat

important

5 Very

important

Jet skiing 1 2 3 4 5

Motor boating 1 2 3 4 5

Snow sledding 1 2 3 4 5

Fourwheeling 1 2 3 4 5

Hunting 1 2 3 4 5

Fishing 1 2 3 4 5

Wildlife viewing 1 2 3 4 5

CanoeingKayaking 1 2 3 4 5

Hiking 1 2 3 4 5

Snow shoeing 1 2 3 4 5

Bicycling 1 2 3 4 5

Dog sledding 1 2 3 4 5

Crosscountry skiing 1 2 3 4 5

Others please list below and circle the appropriate number

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

SIZE LOCATION

9 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering buying tribal lands

what size parcels should be purchased Please circle the appropriate answer

1200 acres 200 500 acres 500 999 acres 1,000 4,999

acres

5,000 acres or

more

No

preference

10 With regard to natural resources land air water plants and animals when considering buying tribal

lands would you prefer lands that are close to developed areas and have access to modern conveniences or

would you prefer lands that are closer to wilderness areas Please circle the appropriate answer

Close to developed areas Close to wilderness areas No preference

EPA004624
Integrated Resources Management Plan Survey Report 81

11 When considering the location for purchase of tribal lands there are many other factors that must be taken

into consideration In the box below please indicate if each factor is a very important somewhat important

neither important nor unimportant somewhat unimportant or very unimportant when considering

buying tribal lands Please circle the appropriate number in each row

Factor

1 Very

unimportant

2 Somewhat

unimportant

3 Neither

4 Somewhat

important

5 Very

important

Access to trails

and roads

1 2 3 4 5

Close to railroads 1 2 3 4 5

Close to major

highways

1 2 3 4 5

Close to existing

tribal lands

1 2 3 4 5

Has gathering sites 1 2 3 4 5

Has hunting sites 1 2 3 4 5

Has fishing sites 1 2 3 4 5

Has mineral

deposits

1 2 3 4 5

Has access to

rivers and streams

1 2 3 4 5

Has access to

ponds and lakes

1 2 3 4 5

Has access to

drinking water

1 2 3 4 5

Contains wetlands 1 2 3 4 5

Contains

forestland

1 2 3 4 5

Contains farmland 1 2 3 4 5

Has coastal land 1 2 3 4 5

Has southern

exposure

1 2 3 4 5

Has historic

cultural value

1 2 3 4 5

Others please list below and circle the appropriate number

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

EPA004625
82 Responsive Management

DEMOGRAPHICS

12 What is the name and zip code of the towncity in which your primary residence is located

Town city Zip code

13 What is your gender

Please check appropriate box

Male

Female

14 And finally what is your age

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

Please record any additional comments you may have here

EPA004626