#### Martha T. Brown, Appellant, *v.*Arbogast & Bastian Company, Respondent, Impleaded with Remington Typewriter Company, Defendant.

First Department,

May 29, 1914.

Complaint—action to recover certificates of stock — claimant cannot maintain action of interpleader — when remedy at law adequate.

A plaintiff who alleges her title to certificates of stock of a defendant corporation and a right to immediate possession thereof cannot maintain her action in the form of one of interpleader by setting out that a third person, made defendant and having originally a hen on the stock, has no claim thereto by reason of the fact that the amount of the lien has been satisfied.

An allegation that the plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law is unavailing, for she has such remedy by an action for conversion or of replevin; and, moreover, the remedy of the action by interpleader is given only to a stakeholder, not to a claimant.

Appeal by the plaintiff, Martha T. Brown, from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the New York Special Term *604and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 17th day of February, 1914, granting respondent’s motion for judgment on the pleadings, and sustaining its demurrer to the amended complaint, and also an appeal from the judgment entered in said clerk’s office on the 25th day of February, 1914, dismissing the amended complaint pursuant to said order.

*George H. Taylor, Jr. [Frank M. Tichenor*with him, on the brief], for the appellant.

*Louis H. Hall,*for the respondent.

Laughlin, J.:

The demurrer is upon the grounds that the complaint failed to state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, and that there is a defect of parties plaintiff in that Harold P. Brown is a necessary party to the action. A like demurrer to the original complaint interposed by the same defendant was sustained on a motion for judgment on the pleadings, and the order was affirmed by this court. (159 App. Div. 908.) Pursuant to the leave granted the complaint was amended, and the learned counsel for the appellant seems confident that it now states a cause of action against the Arbogast & Bastían Company

The plaintiff alleges that she is the owner of certificate No. 92 for eighty-two shares of the first preferred accumulative stock of the Union Typewriter Company, now the defendant the Remington Typewriter Company, which is in the possession of the Remington Company but is also claimed by the Arbogast & Bastian Company, which has no right, title or interest in or claim to or lien upon the stock. The difficulty with this complaint is the same as with the former complaint, and it is that the plaintiff who claims to own the stock and .brings the action to recover possession of the same has assumed to bring the action in the form of an interpleader and has joined the Arbogast & Bastían Company, against which she has no cause of action, as a party defendant. The further allegations of the complaint show that the Arbogast & Bastían Company asserts a right to the possession of the stock by virtue of a pledge thereof to secure a loan to the plaintiff’s husband, which the plaintiff alleges has been paid. The plaintiff alleged that *605there is no collusion between her and the Remington Company, or between it and the Arbogast & Bastían Company, and that the Remington Company is unable to determine without hazard to itself which of the claimants is entitled to the stock, and that whichever it delivers it to it is liable to an action for conversion by the other. It is further alleged that the plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law. Judgment is demanded that it be adjudged that the Remington Company has no beneficial or other interest in the stock, and that the Arbogast & Bastían Company has no special or other property in the stock and has not had since the payment of the indebtedness to secure which it was pledged; and that plaintiff is entitled to the immediate delivery of the certificate of stock by the Remington Company to her.

The Arbogast & Bastían Company is not a necessary party to the plaintiff’s action to recover possession of the certificate of stock. On the allegations of her complaint she is the owner and entitled to the immediate possession of the certificate of stock, and she demands judgment for such possession. The allegation that she has no adequate remedy at law can avail her nothing in these circumstances, for it is manifest that she has an adequate remedy at law, either in the form of an action of conversion or replevin. (See *Ehrich*v. *Grant,*111 App. Div. 196.) The remedy by an action of interpleader is given only to the stakeholder and to afford him protection against adverse claims. (Code Civ. Proc., § 820a; *Wenstrom Electric Co.*v. *Bloomer,*85 Hun, 389; *Pouch*v. *Prudential Ins. Co.,*204 N. Y. 281; *Crane*v. *McDonald,*118 id. 648.) Likewise, where the action is brought by one of the claimants before an action for interpleader is commenced, a remedy to the stakeholder in the nature of an interpleader to have the adverse claimant substituted in his place and stead as a defendant and to discharge him from liability to either claimant on his paying into court the money claimed or delivering possession of the property or its value to such person as the court may direct is authorized, and in the event that the person thus originally sued disputes, in whole or in part, the liability asserted against him or claims some interest in the subject-matter of the controversy, he is authorized to apply for an order *606joining the other claimant as codefendant. (Code Civ. Proc. § 820.) These remedies, however, are not for the benefit of the *claimants*and may not be availed of by them. The learned counsel for the appellant relies on *Hasberg*v. *Moses*(81 App. Div. 199). There are expressions in the opinion in that case which tend to sustain his contention. The opinion, however, must be read in the light of the facts upon which the court was adjudicating. That was an action on a policy of insurance which the complaint showed had been formally assigned as security for a debt, and evidently by an assignment absolute in form, so that the assignee claimed ownership *and was in possession of the policy'.*It was, therefore, necessarily a suit in equity and it was necessary to join the assignee. The case was on principle like *Steinbach*v. *Prudential Ins. Co.*(172 N. Y. 471), in which it was held that the court could not reform an insurance policy and allow a recovery of the insurance money thereon as reformed without the presence of the party to whom it had been erroneously or fraudulently made payable. To the same effect is *Mahr*v. *Norwich Union Fire Ins. Society*(127 N. Y. 452). But in the case at bar the Arbogast & Bastían Company asserts no claim which requires the intervention of a court of equity to enable the plaintiff to recover. The plaintiff, on the facts as alleged by her, is entitled to the possession of the certificate of stock without requiring the aid of a court of equity to annul or reform an assignment or any other instrument. She has complete remedy at law; and whether this be deemed an action at law or a suit in equity to decree the delivery of the stock, and whether equity will entertain it is immaterial to the question now presented for decision, for in neither case is the defendant Arbogast & Bastían Company a necessary party on the facts alleged by the plaintiff. (See *McCabe*v. *McCabe,*67 App. Div. 589.)

It follows, therefore, that the judgment should be affirmed, with costs.

Ingraham, P. J., Clarke, Scott and Dowling, JJ., concurred.

Judgment and order affirmed, with costs.