IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

William E. Bonney, :

: No. 1228 C.D. 2016

Petitioner : Submitted: November 4, 2016

:

v. :

:

Unemployment Compensation :

Board of Review, :

:

Respondent :

BEFORE: HONORABLE P. KEVIN BROBSON, Judge

HONORABLE MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge

HONORABLE BONNIE BRIGANCE LEADBETTER, Senior Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION 

BY JUDGE WOJCIK FILED: April 7, 2017

William E. Bonney (Claimant) petitions pro se for review of the July 

5, 2016 order of the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review (Board) that 

affirmed a referee’s determination that Claimant is ineligible for unemployment 

compensation benefits under Section 402(b) of the Unemployment Compensation 

Law (Law).1 We affirm.

Claimant was employed by D&W Fine Pack (Employer) beginning in 

September 2015. At the time of his separation from employment, Claimant was 

 

1 Act of December 5, 1936, Second Ex. Sess., P.L. (1937) 2897, as amended, 43 P.S. 

§802(b). Section 402(b) provides that an employee shall be ineligible for compensation for any 

week in which his unemployment is due to voluntarily leaving work without cause of a 

necessitous and compelling nature.
2

working as a full-time department supervisor earning $66,000.00 per year. On 

April 11, 2016, Claimant resigned from his employment, effective immediately. 

Findings of Fact (F.F.) Nos. 1-3.

Claimant filed for unemployment benefits on April 12, 2016, citing 

transportation problems as the reason for the separation. The local service center 

determined that Claimant was eligible for benefits. Employer timely appealed this 

determination, asserting that Claimant had not provided any reason for his 

resignation, either verbally or in his resignation letter. Employer stated that 

Claimant never notified anyone that he was having transportation issues.

A referee held a hearing on May 31, 2016. Celine Severino,

Employer’s human resources manager, was present and Claimant participated by 

telephone. Claimant testified that the primary reason he quit was that he did not 

have any means of transportation. He also cited personnel issues and personality 

issues as reasons that motivated him to separate from Employer. Claimant

admitted that he did not reveal any of these issues to Employer, even when 

pressed. Claimant also did not cite personnel or personality issues in his 

application for unemployment benefits. Notes of Testimony (N.T.), May 31, 2016, 

at 4-9.

Servino confirmed Claimant’s testimony that he had declined to give 

specifics as to the reason for his resignation and that his resignation was 

immediately accepted. She also testified that, other than on one occasion the 

previous year, Claimant had never informed Employer regarding any 

transportation issues. N.T. at 9-10.

The referee found that Claimant gave Employer no reason for his 

resignation and that he never complained to Employer’s human resources 
3

department regarding workplace issues or that he was considering resigning. The 

referee found that prior to actually resigning, Claimant never told anyone at his 

workplace that he was thinking of resigning. Even when pressed at the time of his 

resignation, Claimant refused to provide any details or any reason as to why he was 

resigning. F.F. Nos. 4-7. The referee concluded that Claimant was ineligible for 

benefits under Section 402(b) because he had voluntarily quit his employment

without necessitous and compelling cause.

2

Claimant appealed to the Board, challenging the referee’s findings and 

again asserting personnel and transportation issues as the reason for his 

resignation. The Board affirmed the referee’s decision, adopting and incorporating 

the referee’s findings and conclusions.

On appeal to this Court,3 Claimant argues that the Board erred in 

finding him ineligible for benefits. He asserts that he had good cause to quit as the 

result of stress, fatigue, and ongoing transportation issues.

 

2

The referee also noted that Claimant’s refusal to provide any specific reason as to why 

he was resigning constituted refusal of a reasonable business directive which would have made 

Claimant ineligible under Section 402(e) of the Law as well. Under Section 402(e), a claimant is 

ineligible for benefits when “his unemployment is due to his discharge or temporary suspension 

from work for willful misconduct connected with his work.” 43 P.S. § 802(e).

3 Our scope of review is limited to determining whether constitutional rights were 

violated, whether an error of law was committed, or whether necessary findings of fact are 

supported by substantial evidence. Kirkwood v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review,

525 A.2d 841, 843-44 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1987). The Board is the factfinder in unemployment 

compensation cases, empowered to determine credibility of witnesses and resolve conflicts in 

evidence. Curran v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 752 A.2d 938, 940 (Pa. 

Cmwlth. 2000). The Board’s findings are binding on appeal if they are supported by substantial 

evidence. Mathis v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 64 A.3d 292, 299 (Pa. 

Cmwlth. 2013). “Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind would 

accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Guthrie v. Unemployment Compensation Board of 

Review, 738 A.2d 518, 521 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1999). We view the record in the light most favorable 

(Footnote continued on next page...)
4

Under Section 402(b) of the Law, a claimant is ineligible for 

unemployment benefits if he voluntarily terminates employment without cause of a 

necessitous and compelling nature. Procito v. Unemployment Compensation 

Board of Review, 945 A.2d 261, 262 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2008). The burden of proof is 

on the claimant to prove a necessitous and compelling cause, and whether such 

cause exists is a question of law subject to review by this Court. Id. at 266. To 

demonstrate necessitous and compelling cause, a claimant must establish that: (1) 

circumstances existed which produced real and substantial pressure to terminate 

employment; (2) similar circumstances would compel a reasonable person to act in 

the same manner; (3) the claimant acted with ordinary common sense; and (4) the 

claimant made a reasonable effort to preserve his employment. Brown v. 

Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 780 A.2d 885, 888 (Pa. Cmwlth. 

2001).

Here, the Board denied Claimant benefits because it found that 

Claimant did not make a reasonable effort to preserve his employment. In 

particular, Claimant repeatedly refused to provide a specific reason for his 

resignation, thus denying Employer the opportunity to remedy the situation.

It is well settled that when an employee fails to take all necessary and 

reasonable steps to preserve his employment, he fails to meet his burden to show 

necessitous and compelling cause. See Brunswick Hotel & Conference Center, 

LLC v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 906 A.2d 657, 660 (Pa. 

 

(continued...)

to the party prevailing before the Board and afford that party the benefit of all reasonable 

inferences that can be drawn from the evidence to determine if substantial evidence exists. Big 

Mountain Imaging v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 48 A.3d 492, 494–95 (Pa.

Cmwlth. 2012).
5

Cmwlth. 2006); PECO Energy Co. v. Unemployment Compensation Board of 

Review, 682 A.2d 58, 61 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1996); Westwood v. Unemployment 

Compensation Board of Review, 532 A.2d 1281, 1282 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1987).4

In a case very similar to this, Porco v. Unemployment Compensation 

Board of Review, 828 A.2d 426, 429-30 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2003), we held that if a 

claimant denies his employer the opportunity to resolve employment issues, he has 

failed to take reasonable steps to preserve employment. In that case, the claimant 

quit his job due to his manager’s abusive conduct and profanity. The claimant, 

however, failed to speak to any upper level management regarding his manager’s 

behavior before quitting. By providing his employer no opportunity to resolve the 

situation, the claimant failed to take reasonable steps to preserve his employment. 

Thus, we affirmed the Board’s denial of benefits under Section 402(b).

After careful review of the record, we conclude the Board’s findings 

are supported by substantial evidence. These findings support the Board’s 

conclusion that because Claimant refused to provide Employer a reason for his 

resignation, he failed to demonstrate a necessitous and compelling cause for 

voluntarily quitting his employment.

Accordingly, we affirm the Board’s order.

MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge

 

4 Moreover, mere dissatisfaction with working conditions or a mere personality conflict,

absent an intolerable work environment, does not constitute necessitous and compelling reasons 

for a voluntary quit. Magazzeni v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 462 A.2d 961, 

962 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1983).
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

William E. Bonney, :

: No. 1228 C.D. 2016

Petitioner : 

:

v. :

:

Unemployment Compensation :

Board of Review, :

:

Respondent :

O R D E R

AND NOW, this 7

th day of April, 2017, the order of the 

Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, dated July 5, 2016, is 

AFFIRMED.

__________________________________

MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge