1

[6450-01-P]

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 

10 CFR Parts 429 and 430 

[Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-TP-0039] 

RIN: 1904-AC01 

Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Residential Dishwashers, 

Dehumidifiers, and Conventional Cooking Products 

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy.

ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) establishes new test procedures for 

residential dishwashers and dehumidifiers, and amends the currently applicable test procedure 

for conventional cooking products under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act. The new test 

procedures include provisions for measuring standby mode and off mode energy consumption, 

and update the provisions for measuring active mode energy consumption and, for dishwashers, 

water consumption. This final rule also amends the certification, compliance, and enforcement 

requirements for dishwashers, dehumidifiers and conventional cooking products, amends certain 

provisions in the currently applicable dishwasher test procedure, and eliminates an obsolete 

energy efficiency metric in the dishwasher test procedure and provisions in the cooking products 

test procedure that have become obsolete due to the elimination of standing pilot lights. 
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DATES: Effective Date: The effective date of this rule is [INSERT DATE 45 DAYS AFTER 

DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER].

Compliance Dates: The new test procedures for dishwashers and dehumidifiers and the 

final rule changes to the currently applicable test procedure for conventional cooking products 

will be mandatory to demonstrate compliance with the applicable energy conservation standards 

starting on the compliance date of any amended standards for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and 

conventional cooking products. For dishwashers, this date will be May 30, 2013, the compliance 

date of the direct final rule published on May 30, 2012, unless the direct final rule is withdrawn 

as a result of adverse comment. Use of the replacement items for obsolete dishware, flatware, 

and food items in the currently applicable dishwasher test procedure will be required on 

[INSERT DATE 45 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL 

REGISTER]. Voluntary early use of the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and 

the final rule changes to the currently applicable test procedure for conventional cooking 

products to demonstrate compliance with applicable energy conservation standards or for 

representations of energy use (including the new standby mode and off mode provisions) is 

permissible on or after INSERT DATE 45 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN 

THE FEDERAL REGISTER].

The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in this rulemaking is 

approved by the Director of the Office of the Federal Register as of [INSERT DATE 45 DAYS 

AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER].
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ADDRESSES: The docket is available for review at regulations.gov, including Federal Register 

notices, framework documents, public meeting attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and 

other supporting documents/materials. All documents in the docket are listed in the 

regulations.gov index. However, not all documents listed in the index may be publicly available, 

such as information that is exempt from public disclosure. The docket web page can be found at: 

www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;rpp=10;po=0;D=EERE-2010-BT-TP-0039. This web page 

will contain a link to the docket for this notice on the regulations.gov site. The regulations.gov 

web page will contain simple instructions on how to access all documents, including public 

comments, in the docket. 

For further information on how to review the docket, contact Ms. Brenda Edwards at 

(202) 586-2945 or by email: Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Mr. Wes Anderson, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and 

Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., 

Washington, DC, 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-7335. E-mail: Wes.Anderson@ee.doe.gov. 

Ms. Elizabeth Kohl, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General Counsel, GC-71, 

1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC, 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-7796. Email: Elizabeth.Kohl@hq.doe.gov. 
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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

This final rule incorporates by reference into parts 429 and 430 the following industry 

standards: 

(1) ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, American National Standard, ―Household Electric 

Dishwashers.‖

(2) ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008. American National Standard, ―Dehumidifiers.‖

Copies of AHAM standards can be obtained from the Association of Home Appliance 

Manufacturers, 1111 19th Street NW, Suite 402, Washington DC 20036, 202 872-5955, or 

www.aham.org. 

Table of Contents 

I. Authority and Background

A. General Test Procedure Rulemaking Process

B. Summary of Current Test Procedures

1. Dishwashers

2. Dehumidifiers

3. Conventional Cooking Products

C. Summary of the Current Rulemaking

1. The December 2010 NOPR

2. The September 2011 SNOPR

3. The May 2012 SNOPR

4. The August 2012 SNOPR

II. Summary of the Final Rule

III. Discussion

A. Products Covered by the Proposed Test Procedure Amendments

B. Compliance Date
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C. Incorporation of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for Measuring Standby Mode and 

Off Mode Power Consumption

D. Determination and Classification of Operational Modes

1. Active Mode, Standby Mode, and Off Mode

2. Additional Product-Specific Modes

3. Network Mode

4. Disconnected Mode

E. Specifications for the Test Methods and Measurements for Standby Mode and Off Mode 

Testing

1. Ambient Conditions, Including for Active Mode

2. Installation and Power Supply Requirements

3. Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing Methodology

F. Calculation of Energy Use Associated with Operational Modes

1. Standby Mode and Off Mode

2. Fan-Only Mode

3. Dishwasher Water Softener Regeneration

G. Measures of Energy Consumption

1. Dishwashers

2. Dehumidifiers 

3. Conventional Cooking Products 

H. Dishwasher Test Procedure Clarifications

1. Energy Test Cycle Selection and Normal Cycle Definition

2. Preconditioning

3. Detergent

4. Power Supply Requirements

5. Updated Industry Standard

6. Water Pressure

7. Water Hardness

8. Drain Height

9. Test Load Specifications and Soiling Requirements, Including Obsolete Dishware and 

Food Items

10. Rack Position and Loading

11. Rinse Aid Container

12. Technical Corrections

I. Incorporation by Reference of an Updated AHAM Dehumidifier Test Procedure

J. Removal of Obsolete Measures of Gas Pilot Light Energy Consumption in the 

Conventional Cooking Products Test Procedure and of Energy Factor Calculations for 

Dishwashers

K. Compliance With Other EPCA Requirements

1. Test Burden

2. Certification Requirements

IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review

A. Review Under Executive Order 12866

B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act

C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
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E. Review Under Executive Order 13132

F. Review Under Executive Order 12988

G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1999

I. Review Under Executive Order 12630

J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2001

K. Review Under Executive Order 13211

L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974

M. Congressional Notification

V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

I. Authority and Background 

Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6291, et seq.; ―EPCA‖ or, 

―the Act‖) sets forth a variety of provisions designed to improve energy efficiency. (All 

references to EPCA refer to the statute as amended through the Energy Independence and 

Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007), Pub. L. 110-140 (Dec. 19, 2007)). Part B of title III, which 

for editorial reasons was redesignated as Part A upon incorporation into the U.S. Code (42 

U.S.C. 6291–6309), establishes the ―Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other 

Than Automobiles.‖ These include residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional 

cooking products,1

the subject of today‘s final rule. (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(6) and (10); 6295(cc)) 

Under EPCA, this program consists essentially of four parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) 

Federal energy conservation standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. The 

testing requirements consist of test procedures that manufacturers of covered products must use 

as the basis for certifying to DOE that their products comply with the applicable energy 

conservation standards adopted under EPCA, and for making representations about the efficiency 

 

1

 The term ―conventional cooking products,‖ as used in this notice, refers to residential electric and gas kitchen 

ovens, ranges, and cooktops (other than microwave ovens). 
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of those products. Similarly, DOE must use these test requirements to determine whether the 

products comply with any relevant standards promulgated under EPCA. 

A. General Test Procedure Rulemaking Process 

 Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures DOE must follow 

when prescribing or amending test procedures for covered products. EPCA provides that any test 

procedures prescribed or amended under this section shall be reasonably designed to produce test 

results which measure energy efficiency, energy use or estimated annual operating cost of a 

covered product during a representative average use cycle or period of use and shall not be 

unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) 

In addition, if DOE determines that a test procedure amendment is warranted, it must 

publish proposed test procedures and offer the public an opportunity to present oral and written 

comments on them. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)) Finally, in any rulemaking to amend a test procedure, 

DOE must determine to what extent, if any, the proposed test procedure would alter the 

measured energy efficiency of any covered product as determined under the existing test 

procedure. (42 U.S.C. 6293(e)) 

EPCA, in relevant part, requires DOE to amend the test procedures for all residential 

covered products to include measures of standby mode and off mode energy consumption. 

Specifically, EPCA provides definitions of ―standby mode‖ and ―off mode‖ (42 U.S.C. 

6295(gg)(1)(A)) and permits DOE to amend these definitions in the context of a given product 

(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(B)). The statute requires integration of such energy consumption into the 
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overall energy efficiency, energy consumption, or other energy descriptor for each covered 

product, unless the Secretary determines that— 

 (i) the current test procedures for a covered product already fully account for and 

incorporate the standby mode and off mode energy consumption of the covered product; or 

 (ii) such an integrated test procedure is technically infeasible for a particular covered 

product, in which case the Secretary shall prescribe a separate standby mode and off mode 

energy use test procedure for the covered product, if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C. 

6295(gg)(2)(A)) 

Any such amendment must consider the most current versions of IEC Standard 62301, 

―Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power,‖ and IEC Standard 62087, 

―Methods of measurement for the power consumption of audio, video, and related equipment.‖2

Id. 

B. Summary of Current Test Procedures 

1. Dishwashers 

DOE‘s test procedure for dishwashers is found in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 

at 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix C. DOE originally established its test procedure for 

dishwashers in 1977. 42 FR 39964 (Aug. 8, 1977). Since that time, the dishwasher test procedure 

has undergone a number of amendments, as discussed below. In 1983, DOE amended the test 

procedure to revise the representative average-use cycles to more accurately reflect consumer use 

and to address dishwashers that use 120 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) inlet water. 48 FR 9202 (Mar. 3, 

 

2

 DOE also considered IEC Standard 62087, which addresses the methods of measuring the power consumption of 

audio, video, and related equipment and is therefore not applicable to the products at issue in this rulemaking. 
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1983). DOE amended the test procedure again in 1984 to redefine the term ―water heating 

dishwasher.‖ 49 FR 46533 (Nov. 27, 1984). In 1987, DOE amended the test procedure to address 

models that use 50 °F inlet water. 52 FR 47549 (Dec. 15, 1987). In 2001, DOE revised the test 

procedure‘s testing specifications to improve testing repeatability, changed the definitions of 

―compact dishwasher‖ and ―standard dishwasher,‖ and reduced the average number of use cycles 

per year from 322 to 264. 66 FR 65091, 65095–97 (Dec. 18, 2001). In 2003, DOE again revised 

the test procedure to more accurately measure dishwasher efficiency, energy use, and water use. 

The 2003 dishwasher test procedure amendments included the following revisions: (1) the 

addition of a method to rate the efficiency of soil-sensing products; (2) the addition of a method 

to measure standby power; and (3) a reduction in the average-use cycles per year from 264 to 

215. 68 FR 51887, 51899–903 (Aug. 29, 2003). The current version of the test procedure 

includes provisions for determining estimated annual energy use (EAEU), estimated annual 

operating cost (EAOC), energy factor (EF) expressed in cycles per kilowatt-hour (kWh), and 

water consumption expressed in gallons per cycle. 10 CFR 430.23(c). 

2. Dehumidifiers 

The DOE test procedure for dehumidifiers is found at 10 CFR 430, subpart B, appendix 

X. EPCA specifies that the dehumidifier test procedure must be based on the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency‘s (EPA) test criteria used under the ENERGY STAR3

program unless revised 

by DOE. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(13)) The ENERGY STAR test criteria effective in January 2001 

require that American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Association of Home Appliance 

Manufacturers (AHAM) Standard DH-1, ―Dehumidifiers,‖ be used to measure capacity and that

the Canadian Standards Association (CAN/CSA) standard CAN/CSA-C749-1994 (R2005), 

 

3

 For more information on the ENERGY STAR program, see: www.energystar.gov. 
10

―Performance of Dehumidifiers,‖ be used to calculate EF. DOE adopted those test criteria, along 

with related definitions and tolerances, as its test procedure for dehumidifiers. 71 FR 71340, 

71347, 71366–68 (Dec. 8, 2006). The DOE test procedure provides methods for determining the 

EF for dehumidifiers, which is expressed in liters (l) of water condensed per kWh. 

3. Conventional Cooking Products 

DOE‘s test procedures for conventional ranges, cooktops, and ovens (including 

microwave ovens) are found at 10 CFR 430, subpart B, appendix I. DOE first established the test 

procedures included in appendix I in a final rule published in the Federal Register on May 10, 

1978. 43 FR 20108, 20120–28. DOE revised its test procedure for cooking products to more 

accurately measure their efficiency and energy use, and published the revisions as a final rule in 

1997. 62 FR 51976 (Oct. 3, 1997). These test procedure amendments included: (1) a reduction in 

the annual useful cooking energy; (2) a reduction in the number of self-cleaning oven cycles per 

year; and (3) incorporation of portions of IEC Standard 705-1988, ―Methods for measuring the 

performance of microwave ovens for household and similar purposes,‖ and Amendment 2-1993 

for the testing of microwave ovens. Id. The test procedure for conventional cooking products 

establishes provisions for determining EAOC, cooking efficiency (defined as the ratio of cooking 

energy output to cooking energy input), and EF (defined as the ratio of annual useful cooking 

energy output to total annual energy input). 10 CFR 430.23(i); 10 CFR 430 subpart B, appendix 

I. There is currently no EnergyGuide4labeling program for cooking products. 

 

4

 For more information on the EnergyGuide labeling program, see: 

www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_00/16cfr305_00.html. 
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With respect to today‘s rulemaking, DOE issues a final rule amending its cooking 

products test procedure for conventional cooking products without addressing power 

consumption for microwave ovens. DOE is considering establishing a test procedure for active 

mode microwave oven energy use. (77 FR 33106 (June 5, 2012))5 DOE has also initiated a 

separate test procedure rulemaking to address standby mode and off mode power consumption 

for microwave ovens. See 73 FR 62134 (Oct. 17, 2008); 75 FR 42612 (July 22, 2010); 76 FR 

12825 (March 9, 2011) (hereafter referred to as the March 2011 Interim Final Rule). 76 FR 

72332 (Nov. 23, 2011); 77 FR 28805 (May 16, 2012). 

C. Summary of the Current Rulemaking 

1. The December 2010 NOPR 

On December 2, 2010, DOE published a NOPR (hereafter referred to as the December 

2010 NOPR) in which it proposed to incorporate by reference into the test procedures for 

dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products specific provisions from IEC 

Standard 62301 ―Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power,‖ First 

Edition 2005-06 (IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) or ―First Edition‖) regarding test conditions 

and test procedures for measuring standby mode and off mode power consumption. 75 FR 

75290, 75295–97. DOE also proposed to incorporate into each test procedure definitions of 

―active mode,‖ ―standby mode,‖ and ―off mode‖ based on the definitions for those terms 

provided in the most current draft of an updated version of IEC Standard 62301. Id. at 75297–

300. Further, DOE proposed to include in each test procedure additional language that would 

clarify the application of clauses from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) for measuring standby 

 

5

 DOE repealed its previous test procedure to measure the active mode energy use for microwave ovens after 

determining that the procedure did not procedure accurate and repeatable results. 75 FR 42579 (July 22, 2010). 
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mode and off mode power consumption.6Id. at 75300–04. DOE held a public meeting on 

December 17, 2010 (hereafter referred to as the NOPR Public Meeting) to receive comments on 

the December 2010 NOPR, and accepted written comments, data, and information until February 

15, 2011. Commenters to the December 2010 NOPR suggested that the draft updated version of 

IEC Standard 62301 would provide practical improvement to the mode definitions and testing 

methodology for the test procedures that are the subject of this rulemaking. 

2. The September 2011 SNOPR 

The IEC adopted and published IEC Standard 62301, ―Household electrical appliances – 

Measurement of standby power,‖ Edition 2.0 2011-01 (IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) or 

―Second Edition‖) on January 27, 2011. DOE reviewed this latest version of the IEC standard 

and determined that it improves some measurements of standby mode and off mode energy use. 

Accordingly, DOE proposed in an SNOPR published in the Federal Register on September 20, 

2011 (76 FR 58346) (hereafter referred to as the September 2011 SNOPR), to incorporate certain 

provisions of the IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), along with clarifying language, into the 

DOE test procedures for residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking 

products. Other than the specific amendments proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR, the test 

procedure amendments in the December 2010 NOPR were not affected. 

3. The May 2012 SNOPR 

 

6

 EISA 2007 directs DOE to also consider IEC Standard 62087 when amending its test procedure to include standby 

mode and off mode energy consumption. See 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A). DOE considered IEC Standard 62087 and 

determined that the standard addresses the methods of measuring the power consumption of audio, video, and 

related equipment and is therefore not applicable to the products addressed in today's proposal. 
13

In response to comments received on the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE published an 

SNOPR on May 25, 2012 (77 FR 31444) (hereafter referred to as the May 2012 SNOPR). DOE 

proposed to amend the dishwasher test procedure to remove an obsolete efficiency metric and to 

include measures of energy consumption in fan-only mode, measures of energy and water 

consumption due to periodic water softener regeneration, and clarified specifications for the 

normal cycle, power supply, energy test cycle, detergent dosing, and test load requirements. 

DOE also proposed amendments to the cooking products test procedure to measure energy 

consumption in conventional oven fan-only mode and remove obsolete provisions for gas pilot 

lights in the cooking products test procedure. For dehumidifiers, DOE proposed to update the 

industry test method specified in the test procedure. These proposals addressed comments 

received from interested parties in response to the December 2010 NOPR and September 2011 

NOPR, and incorporated methods provided in test procedure waivers granted by DOE for certain 

water-softening dishwashers. (See 75 FR 62127 (Oct. 7, 2010) and 77 FR 33450 (June 6, 2012)) 

4. The August 2012 SNOPR 

In response to comments received on the May 2012 SNOPR and during a public meeting 

held June 1, 2012 (hereafter referred to as the 2012 Public Meeting), DOE published an SNOPR 

on August 15, 2012 (77 FR 49064) (hereafter referred to as the August 2012 SNOPR) proposing 

to update certain obsolete dishware, flatware and food items used in the dishwasher test 

procedure7

; amend the definition of the normal cycle, update the ambient temperature and 

preconditioning requirements; and update the referenced industry test method in the dishwasher 

test procedure. DOE also proposed to add water pressure, drain height, rack position, loading, 

 

7

 The terms ―obsolete‖ or ―nearly obsolete‖ used in this context mean that the test load item, food item, or detergent 

is unavailable on the market or is available in such limited supply that it is not sufficiently available for testing 

purposes. 
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rinse aid container, and soil preparation specifications to the dishwasher test procedure. DOE 

additionally proposed, for both dishwashers and cooking products, a revised test procedure to 

measure energy use in fan-only mode based on DOE analysis and comments received on the 

May 2012 SNOPR. 

II. Summary of the Final Rule 

In this final rule, DOE establishes new test procedures for residential dishwashers and

dehumidifiers, and amends the test procedures for conventional cooking products, to incorporate 

by reference provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for the measurement of 

energy use in standby mode and off mode, and, for dishwashers and conventional cooking 

products, methodology for the measurement of fan-only mode energy use, in the energy 

efficiency metrics. 

In the new dishwasher test procedure established in today‘s final rule, DOE also: (1) adds 

a measure of the annual energy and water use associated with periodic water softener system 

regeneration for those dishwashers equipped with such systems; and (2) incorporates by 

reference the updated industry test standard AHAM DW-1-2009, which upon acceptance by 

ANSI was designated as ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, American National Standard, ―Household 

Electric Dishwashers.‖

The final rule also clarifies in the new dishwasher test procedure: (1) the definitions of 

normal cycle, soil-sensing dishwasher, and non-soil-sensing dishwasher; (2) power supply 

requirements during testing; (3) energy test cycle requirements for soil-sensing dishwashers; (4) 
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test load specifications and soiling requirements; (5) detergent dosing specifications; (6) rinse aid 

dosing specifications; and (7) length of time soils may sit before they are applied to dishware. 

The final rule also amends the testing conditions in the new dishwasher test procedure by: 

(1) specifying the use of two pre-conditioning cycles to ensure the turbidity sensor is calibrated, 

(2) establishing maximum allowable time for the water pressure to reach the specified test 

conditions for improved repeatability and reproducibility, and (3) specifying drain height and 

rack position in the absence of manufacturer‘s instructions to improve reproducibility. 

In today‘s final rule, DOE also amends the current dishwasher test procedure to replace 

the obsolete flatware, dishware, and food items specified in the current test procedure with those 

proposed in Table 1 of the August 2012 SNOPR, except that the current cup and saucer and 

alternate fruit bowl specifications are retained and the product numbers are updated. The same 

replacement items are specified in the new dishwasher test procedure. 

The final rule also updates the industry test method specified in the new dehumidifier test 

procedure. As noted above, EPCA specifies that the dehumidifier test procedure must be based 

on EPA‘s test criteria used under the ENERGY STAR program unless revised by DOE. (42 

U.S.C. 6293(b)(13)) The ENERGY STAR test criteria effective in January 2001 require that 

ANSI/AHAM Standard DH-1, ―Dehumidifiers,‖ be used to measure energy use. DOE 

incorporates the most current version of the DH-1 standard (DH-1-2008) into the new test 

procedure for dehumidifiers. 
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Finally, today‘s final rule eliminates an obsolete metric from the dishwasher test 

procedure and provisions in the cooking products test procedure that have become obsolete due 

to the elimination of standing pilot lights. For cooking products, DOE eliminates measures of 

pilot light energy consumption from the test procedure. In a final rule published April 8, 2009, 

DOE established standards that prohibit constant-burning pilot lights in gas cooking products 

manufactured on or after April 9, 2012. 74 FR 16040. For dishwashers, DOE removes the 

calculation of EF from the dishwasher test procedure because the current dishwasher energy 

conservation standards no longer require it for compliance or representations. 

III. Discussion 

A. Products Covered by the Proposed Test Procedure Amendments 

The amendments adopted in today‘s final rule to the DOE test procedures cover 

dishwashers, which DOE currently defines as follows: 

Dishwasher means a cabinet-like appliance which with the aid of water and detergent, 

washes, rinses, and dries (when a drying process is included) dishware, glassware, eating 

utensils, and most cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical and/or electrical means and 

discharges to the plumbing drainage system. (10 CFR 430.2) 

 Today‘s amendments to the DOE test procedures also cover dehumidifiers, which DOE 

currently defines as follows: 

Dehumidifier means a self-contained, electrically operated, and mechanically refrigerated 
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encased assembly consisting of— 

(1) A refrigerated surface (evaporator) that condenses moisture from the atmosphere; 

(2) A refrigerating system, including an electric motor; 

(3) An air-circulating fan; and 

(4) Means for collecting or disposing of the condensate. Id. 

 Finally, today‘s amendments to the DOE test procedures also cover cooking products, 

specifically conventional cooking products, which are currently defined as: 

Cooking products means consumer products that are used as the major household 

cooking appliances. They are designed to cook or heat different types of food by one or 

more of the following sources of heat: gas, electricity, or microwave energy. Each 

product may consist of a horizontal cooking top containing one or more surface units 

and/or one or more heating compartments. They must be one of the following classes: 

conventional ranges, conventional cooking tops, conventional ovens, microwave ovens, 

microwave/conventional ranges and other cooking products.8

Conventional cooking top means a class of kitchen ranges and ovens which is a 

household cooking appliance consisting of a horizontal surface containing one or more 

surface units which include either a gas flame or electric resistance heating. 

Conventional oven means a class of kitchen ranges and ovens which is a household 

cooking appliance consisting of one or more compartments intended for the cooking or 

 

8

 As stated in Section I, DOE is addressing test procedures for microwaves in separate rulemaking proceedings. 
18

heating of food by means of either a gas flame or electric resistance heating. It does not 

include portable or countertop ovens which use electric resistance heating for the cooking 

or heating of food and are designed for an electrical supply of approximately 120 volts. 

Conventional range means a class of kitchen ranges and ovens which is a household 

cooking appliance consisting of a conventional cooking top and one or more conventional 

ovens. Id. 

 DOE did not propose any amendments to these definitions in the December 2010 NOPR, 

the September 2011 SNOPR, the May 2012 SNOPR, or the August 2012 SNOPR. 

 Whirlpool Corporation (Whirlpool) commented that the definitions of conventional 

cooking top, conventional oven, and conventional range should include electromagnetic 

induction as a means of cooking or heating, so that induction cooking products would be 

covered. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2)9 DOE may consider amendments to its cooking products test 

procedure to address active, standby, and off mode energy use of induction cooking products in a 

separate rulemaking. 

 BSH Home Appliances (BSH) asked how double ovens, microwave ovens, combination 

microwave ovens, and other combination products would be treated under this test procedure. 

 

9

 A notation in the form  ̳ ̳Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2 ‘‘ identifies a written comment: (1) Made by Whirlpool 

Corporation; (2) recorded in document number 12 that is filed in the docket of the residential dishwasher, 

dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures rulemaking (Docket No. EERE–2010–BT–TP–

0039) and available for review at www.regulations.gov; and (3) which appears on page 2 of document number 12. 
19

(BSH, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 21–22)

10 DOE proposed in the December 

2010 SNOPR that the integrated energy factor of combinations of ovens and cooktops other than 

a kitchen range (i.e., a cooktop and oven combined), which would include products with two 

conventional ovens, would be the sum of the annual useful cooking energy output of each 

component divided by the sum of the total integrated annual energy consumption of each 

component, according to calculations newly provided in the test procedure. 75 FR 75290, 75333 

(Dec. 2, 2010). DOE did not receive further comments or information regarding combination 

conventional cooking products, and this proposal was not affected by the subsequent SNOPRs. 

As discussed in Section I, DOE is addressing microwave ovens, including combination 

microwave ovens, in a separate rulemaking. 

In the absence of additional comments or input, DOE does not amend its current 

definitions of dishwasher, dehumidifier, conventional cooking product, conventional cooking 

top, conventional oven, or conventional range in today‘s final rule. 

B. Compliance Date 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed that the amended test procedures for 

residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products would become 

effective 30 days after the test procedure final rule is published in the Federal Register. Any 

added procedures and calculations for standby mode and off mode energy consumption resulting 

 

10 A notation in the form ―BSH, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 21–22‖ identifies an oral comment 

that DOE received during the December 17, 2010, NOPR public meeting, was recorded in the public meeting 

transcript in the docket for the residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test 

procedures rulemaking (Docket No. EERE–2010–BT–TP–0039), and is available for review at 

www.regulations.gov. This particular notation refers to a comment (1) made by BSH Home Appliances during the 

public meeting; (2) recorded in document number 10, which is the public meeting transcript that is filed in the 

docket of the residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures rulemaking; 

and (3) which appears on pages 21–22 of document number 10. 
20

from implementation of EISA 2007, however, would not need to be performed to determine 

compliance with the current energy conservation standards. Manufacturers would be required to 

use the standby mode and off mode provisions to demonstrate compliance with DOE‘s energy 

conservation standards on the mandatory compliance date of a final rule establishing amended 

energy conservation standards for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking 

products that address standby mode and off mode energy consumption. As of 180 days after 

publication of a test procedure final rule, any representations related to the standby mode and off 

mode energy consumption of these products would be required to be based upon results 

generated under the applicable provision of these test procedures, in accordance with 42 U.S.C. 

6293(c)(2). 75 FR 75290, 75294–95 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed amendments clarifying the dishwasher test 

procedure that would apply on the effective date of the amended dishwasher test procedure (i.e., 

30 days after the date of publication of the test procedure final rule in the Federal Register). 77 

FR 31444, 31450–52 (May 25, 2012). DOE also proposed methods by which the energy and 

water use of dishwasher water softener regeneration would be measured, as well as provisions to 

measure dishwasher and conventional cooking products fan-only mode energy consumption that 

would be required to be included in the energy efficiency metrics upon the compliance date of 

any updated dishwasher and conventional cooking product energy conservation standards 

addressing standby mode and off mode energy use. 77 FR 31444, 31451 (May 25, 2012). In the 

August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed additional amendments to specify test load and soil items 

in place of obsolete or potentially obsolete items in the dishwasher test procedure that would be 

required 30 days after publication of the test procedure final rule in the Federal Register, and 
21

sought comment on whether the specified items could be procured in 30 days. (77 FR 49064, 

49065 (Aug, 15, 2012)). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung Electronics America, Inc. (Samsung), and Whirlpool commented 

that DOE should clarify when the dishwasher test procedure amendments that could impact 

measured energy use, particularly the fan-only mode and water softener regeneration energy 

measurements, would be required for compliance with dishwasher energy conservation 

standards. These commenters stated that energy consumption in these modes should be included 

in the final metric to determine compliance with a future standard that has not yet been proposed, 

and not for compliance with the standard in the recent direct final rule. However, if these modes 

are included in the metric used to determine compliance with the standards in the direct final 

rule, the commenters stated that DOE must ensure that the stringency of the standards does not 

change. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3; AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 2–3; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 2; BSH, No. 28 

at p. 1; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1–2) According to BSH, adequate time 

will be needed to test all the different base models using the amended dishwasher test procedure 

and to determine whether sensor decisions need to be changed, which may include adjusting 

software and conducting additional tests. BSH also stated that time should be allowed to use any 

parts in the supply chain before manufacturers are required to use the new test procedure. In 

addition, BSH stated that past accepted test data that were based on the previous test procedure 

should continue to be accepted until production ceases. (BSH, No. 36 at pp. 1–2) 

The energy use of dishwasher water softener regeneration must be measured to 

demonstrate compliance with current energy conservation standards for dishwashers. In the test 
22

procedure waivers granted for water softening dishwashers, DOE has required that such models 

meet the current energy conservation standards with the additional energy and water use 

associated with water softener regeneration included in the annual energy use and per-cycle 

water consumption metrics. (75 FR 62127 (Oct. 7, 2010) and 77 FR 33450 (June 5, 2012)). In 

accordance with the approach specified in these waivers, DOE determines that the energy and 

water use must be included in the metrics used to demonstrate compliance with any amended 

dishwasher energy conservation standards, including those in the direct final rule. Compliance 

with the direct final rule will be required on May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule is 

withdrawn as a result of adverse comment. 77 FR 31918 (May 30, 2012). 

DOE has determined that use of the test procedures to measure the energy use in fan-only 

mode on the compliance date of any amended standards is appropriate. Compliance with the 

dishwasher standards published on May 30, 2012 will be required on May 30, 2013 unless DOE 

withdraws the direct final rule. The energy use in these modes is estimated to be less than 5 

percent of the total energy use of standard dishwashers. Given that 65 percent of all standard 

dishwashers currently on the market meet or exceed the minimum energy conservation standards 

established in the direct final rule, inclusion of this small amount of energy use would not impact 

compliance with the revised standard. 77 FR 31918, 31948–31949. Therefore, DOE has 

determined that the energy use in fan-only mode is de minimus and insufficient to alter in a 

material manner the measured energy use of dishwashers. Therefore, DOE is not considering 

amending the standards set forth in the direct final rule. 
23

DOE is requiring that the clarifications to the dishwasher test procedure described in the 

May 2012 SNOPR, which include the definition of the normal cycle, energy test cycle selection, 

power supply requirements, test load specifications and soiling requirements (except for the 

specification of replacement items for some obsolete dishware and flatware) and detergent 

dosing specifications, be used on the compliance date of any amended standards for dishwashers 

(May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule is withdrawn). While DOE had earlier proposed that 

these requirements be mandatory 30 days after publication of the test procedure final rule in the 

Federal Register, DOE is adopting, as discussed below, amendments to the existing test 

procedure that specify replacement items for obsolete test load and soil items and technical 

corrections that will be required for use on or after 45 days after publication of the test procedure 

final rule in the Federal Register. The remaining clarifications to the dishwasher test procedure, 

as well as the same specifications for replacement items, are provided in a new test procedure 

that will be required to be used on the compliance date of any amended standards for 

dishwashers (May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule is withdrawn). 

For the replacement of obsolete items, DOE did not receive any comments regarding the 

proposed requirement for the use of certain test load and soil items in place of obsolete or 

potentially obsolete items in the dishwasher test procedure 30 days after publication of the test 

procedure final rule in the Federal Register, nor did it receive comment on whether the specified 

items could be procured in 30 days. Because certain test load items may require purchase outside 

of the United States, however, 30 days may not allow sufficient time for acquisition. DOE 

concludes, therefore, that requiring the use of replacement test load and soil items 45 days after 

the publication of the final rule best weighs the need for manufacturers and test laboratories to 
24

utilize comparable testing items against the timeframe potentially required for obtaining the 

items. 

In sum, with the exception of requirements for the use of replacement items for obsolete 

dishware, flatware, and food items specified as amendments to the current dishwasher test 

procedure, the final rule changes will be mandatory to demonstrate compliance with the 

applicable energy conservation standard starting on the compliance date of any amended 

standards for dehumidifiers, dishwashers, and cooking products, as required under 42 U.S.C. 

6295(s). For the amendments to the current dishwasher test procedure related to obsolete 

dishware, flatware, and food items, DOE has determined that use of these amended test 

procedure provisions would not alter a dishwasher‘s measured energy efficiency or measured 

energy use pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1). DOE has concluded that today‘s final rule accords 

manufacturers with sufficient time to implement the test procedure changes contained herein. 

In summary, DOE establishes a new dishwasher test procedure at 10 CFR part 430, 

subpart B, appendix C1 that incorporates these final rule changes, including the use of 

replacement items. By amending the current test procedure to also include the use of 

replacement items, appendix C may continue to be used until the compliance date of amended 

dishwasher energy conservation standards. Similarly, DOE establishes a new dehumidifier test 

procedure at 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix X1, but allows for the use of the current 

dehumidifier test procedure until the compliance date of amended dehumidifier energy 

conservation standards. Because the current energy conservation standards for conventional 

cooking products consist of a prescriptive design requirement prohibiting the use of constant-
25

burning pilot lights, which do not require the use of the DOE test procedure to demonstrate 

compliance, DOE incorporates the final rule changes as amendments to the existing conventional 

cooking products test procedure codified at 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix I. 

For dishwashers, the date upon which the use of new appendix C1 will be required will 

be May 30, 2013, the compliance date of the direct final rule published on May 30, 2012, unless 

the direct final rule is withdrawn. Until that date, manufacturers may continue to use appendix C 

to certify compliance with the current dishwasher energy conservation standards. Any products 

manufactured on or after that date must be certified to demonstrate compliance with the amended 

energy conservation standards using appendix C1. However, use of the replacement items for 

obsolete dishware, flatware, and food items in the amendments to the currently applicable 

dishwasher test procedure will be required on [INSERT DATE 45 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. 

Today‘s final rule also clarifies that as of [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE 

OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], any representations related to the 

standby mode and off mode energy consumption of these products must be based upon results 

generated under the applicable provisions of appendix C1, appendix I, and appendix X1. 

Manufacturers may use the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and amended 

conventional cooking products test procedure prior to this date consistent with DOE guidance 

available at: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/pdfs/tp_faq_2012-06-

29.pdf. 
26

C. Incorporation of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for Measuring Standby Mode and Off 

Mode Power Consumption 

 The December 2010 NOPR proposed to incorporate in the test procedures for 

dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products relevant provisions from IEC 

Standard 62301 (First Edition) for measuring standby mode and off mode power. The amended 

test procedures would use these measured wattages in calculations to incorporate standby mode 

and off mode energy consumption into the test procedures. DOE reviewed the IEC Standard 

62301 (First Edition) and tentatively concluded that it would be generally applicable to 

dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products, although some clarification 

would be needed. Specifically, DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR for standby mode 

and off mode power measurements to provide a stabilization period of at least 30 minutes 

followed by an energy use measurement period of not less than 10 minutes for each of the 

covered products. 75 FR 75290, 75295–300 (Dec. 2, 2010). Additionally, for conventional 

cooking products, DOE proposed a specific standby mode power measurement methodology for 

units in which power varies as a function of displayed time. 75 FR 75290, 75302–04 (Dec. 2, 

2010). With these clarifications, the December 2010 NOPR proposed to reference IEC Standard 

62301 (First Edition) for the standby mode and off mode wattage measurements. DOE also 

proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional 

cooking products test procedures to include new definitions of ―standby mode,‖ ―off mode,‖ and 

―active mode‖ based on the most current draft version of the Second Edition at that time (IEC 

Standard 62301 (FDIS)). 75 FR 75290, 75296–97 (Dec. 2, 2010). 
27

In response to comments on the December 2010 NOPR, and because IEC Standard 62301 

(Second Edition) was issued on January 27, 2011, DOE evaluated in the September 2011 

SNOPR the applicability of the Second Edition for measuring standby mode and off mode 

energy use in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures. 

Commenters noted that IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) is an internationally-accepted test 

procedure for measuring standby power in residential appliances, and stated that they supported 

harmonizing the mode definitions with those in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), which are 

substantively the same as those in IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). 76 FR 58346, 58350 

(Sep. 20, 2011). DOE thus maintained in the September 2011 SNOPR the definitions for active 

mode, standby mode, and off mode that it had proposed in the December 2010 NOPR for 

dishwashers and dehumidifiers. 

The definitions for standby mode and off mode energy use for cooking products, as well 

as a slightly modified definition of active mode, were established in the cooking products test 

procedure by the March 2011 Interim Final Rule for microwave ovens. The definition of active 

mode established by the March 2011 Interim Final Rule includes the statement that delay start 

mode is a one-off, user-initiated, short-duration function that is associated with an active mode.11

The May 2012 SNOPR added reference to fan-only mode functions in active mode for 

dishwashers and cooking products. Detailed discussion of each of these mode definitions, 

including comments from interested parties, is presented in section III.D. 

 

11 Because DOE accepted comments on the March 2011 Interim Final Rule until shortly before publication of the 

September 2011 SNOPR, DOE continued to include the cooking products mode definitions in this proposal. 
28

DOE determined that the updated version of IEC Standard 62301 provides clarification to 

certain sections as compared to the First Edition. In particular, DOE proposed to incorporate by 

reference in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures the 

following provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition): (1) the room ambient air 

temperature requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.2; (2) the electrical supply voltage 

requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.3.2; (3) the power equipment specifications in section 4, 

paragraph 4.4; (4) the instructions for allowing the product to enter a lower power state prior to 

the test measurement in section 5, paragraph 5.1, note 1; and (5) portions of the installation and 

setup procedures in section 5, paragraph 5.2. DOE also proposed that the measurement of 

standby mode and off mode power be made according to section 5, paragraph 5.3.2 in each of the 

test procedures, except in the case of conventional cooking products in which power varies as a 

function of the clock time displayed in standby mode. For such products, DOE tentatively 

concluded that the application of the test methodology from the Second Edition would cause 

manufacturers to incur significant burden that would not be warranted by any potential improved 

accuracy of the test measurement. Thus, DOE maintained its original proposal from the 

December 2010 NOPR for 10-minute and 12-hour test methods for these products in the 

conventional cooking products test procedure, in which case testers would be allowed to choose 

measuring standby power by means of either of the following methods: 

(a) 10-Minute Test 

(1) Allow the product to stabilize according to section 5, paragraph 5.3 of IEC 

Standard 62301 (First Edition), which requires a minimum of 5 minutes; 

(2) Set the clock time to 3:23; 
29

(3) Allow another stabilization period until the clock time reaches 3:33; 

(4) Use the average power approach in section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a) to measure 

standby mode power for a period of 10 minutes +0/-2 seconds; or 

(b) 12-Hour Test 

(1) At any clock time, allow the product to stabilize according to section 5, 

paragraph 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition), which requires a 

minimum of 5 minutes; 

(2) Use the average power approach in section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a) to measure 

standby mode power for a period of 12 hours +0/-30 seconds. 

 According to the proposal, manufacturers could elect to conduct either a 10-minute test, a 

12-hour test, or both. Based on DOE testing, use of the 10-minute test period produced results 

that were within ±2 percent of the results for the full 12-hour test. Therefore, DOE proposed that, 

for verification and enforcement purposes, results of the 10-minute test that are within ±2 percent 

of the results for the 12-hour test would be deemed to be representative of average energy use. 75 

FR 75290, 75302–304 (Dec. 2, 2010); 76 FR 58346, 58349–53 (Sep. 20, 2011). 

The Appliance Standards Awareness Project (ASAP), American Council for an Energy 

Efficient Economy (ACEEE), and National Consumer Law Center (NCLC), jointly (hereafter 

referred to as the ―SNOPR Joint Comment‖), AHAM, and Whirlpool support the incorporation 

by reference of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). AHAM stated that the Second Edition 

contains important clarifications and would reduce test burden, while Whirlpool commented that 
30

the Second Edition provides more complete mode definitions and more robust measurements. 

AHAM and the SNOPR Joint Comment stated that the Second Edition would allow for 

international harmonization. (AHAM, No. 20 at pp. 1–2; SNOPR Joint Comment, No. 22 at p. 1; 

Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2) 

DOE acknowledges the clarity and improvement in the measurement of standby mode 

and off mode power consumption through the use of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), as 

well as the benefits of harmonization with international testing methods and the associated 

reduction in test burden for those manufacturers that sell products internationally by not 

requiring multiple standby power tests to be conducted according to different testing methods in 

different countries. For these reasons, in today‘s final rule, DOE incorporates by reference into 

the new dishwasher and dehumidifier and amended conventional cooking products test 

procedures the previously noted provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), 

including mode definitions, qualified as discussed in section III.D for the specific products, 

testing conditions, equipment, and methodology. 

DOE did not receive comments objecting to the proposed incorporation by reference of 

provisions from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) for standby mode power measurement for 

conventional cooking products with power consumption that varies as a function of the time 

displayed. DOE determines that the lower test burden for manufacturers is not warranted by any 

potential improved accuracy of the test measurement if the Second Edition were to be used. 

Therefore, DOE adopts in today‘s final rule the average power method from IEC Standard 62301 

(First Edition) for these products. 
31

D. Determination and Classification of Operational Modes 

1. Active Mode, Standby Mode, and Off Mode 

As noted previously, EPCA provides definitions of ―active mode,‖ ―standby mode,‖ and 

―off mode‖ (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)) and permits DOE to amend these definitions in the 

context of a given product (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(B)). 

EPCA defines ―active mode‖ as the condition in which an energy-using product: 

(1) is connected to a main power source; 

(2) has been activated; and 

(3) provides one or more main functions. 

(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(i)) 

EPCA defines ―standby mode‖ as the condition in which an energy-using product: 

(1) is connected to a main power source; and 

(2) offers one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions: 

 (a) to facilitate the activation or deactivation of other functions (including active 

mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer; 

 (b) continuous functions, including information or status displays (including 

clocks) or sensor-based functions. 

(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)) 
32

This definition of ―standby mode‖ differs from the one provided in IEC Standard 62301 

(First Edition) by permitting the inclusion of multiple standby modes. 

EPCA defines ―off mode‖ as the condition in which an energy-using product: 

(1) is connected to a main power source; and 

(2) is not providing any standby mode or active mode function. 

(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE discussed that the statutory definitions for ―active 

mode,‖ ―standby mode,‖ and ―off mode‖ were developed to be broadly applicable for many 

energy-using products. For specific products with multiple functions, these broad definitions 

could lead to multiple interpretations. Therefore, DOE proposed to amend the test procedures to 

include definitions for these modes based on the definitions provided in IEC Standard 62301 

(FDIS), with added provisions specific to dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking 

products. 

a. Active Mode 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed the following clarifications for the range of 

main functions that would be classified as active mode for each product: 

Dishwashers – ―Active mode‖ means a mode in which the dishwasher is connected to a 

mains power source, has been activated, and is performing the one of the main functions of 

washing, rinsing, or drying (when a drying process is included) dishware, glassware, eating 
33

utensils, and most cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical and/or electrical means, or is 

involved in functions necessary for these main functions, such as admitting water into the 

dishwasher or pumping water out of the dishwasher. 

Conventional Cooking Products – ―Active mode‖ means a mode in which a conventional 

cooking top, conventional oven, or conventional range is connected to a mains power source, has 

been activated, and is performing the main function of producing heat12 by means of either a gas 

flame or electric resistance heating. 

Dehumidifiers – ―Active mode‖ means a mode in which a dehumidifier is performing the 

main functions of removing moisture from ambient air by drawing moist air over a refrigerated 

coil using a fan, circulating air through activation of the fan without activation of the 

refrigeration system, or defrosting the refrigerant coil. 

75 FR 75290, 75297–98 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

For the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE‘s proposal included a revised version of the active 

mode definition in the cooking products test procedure, based upon updates adopted by the 

March 2011 Interim Final Rule. Although that rulemaking addressed microwave ovens, the mode 

definitions in the test procedure at appendix I cover all cooking products, including microwave 

ovens and conventional cooking products. Therefore, in the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE 

proposed for cooking products that ―active mode means a mode in which the product is 

connected to a mains power source, has been activated, and is performing the main function of 

 

12 In the preamble to the December 2010 NOPR, DOE discussed that the main function of producing heat may be 

used for cooking, heating, proofing, or holding the cooking load. Such specificity was not included in the proposed 

regulatory text in appendix I. 
34

producing heat by means of a gas flame, electric resistance heating, or microwave energy. Delay 

start mode is a one-off, user-initiated, short-duration function that is associated with an active 

mode.‖ 76 FR 58346, 58363 (Sep. 20, 2011). 

Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) agreed with DOE‘s proposed definitions 

of active mode for each product. (NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2) Whirlpool also agreed with DOE‘s 

proposed definition of active mode for dehumidifiers and conventional cooking products, 

provided that delay start is part of active mode. Whirlpool also agreed with DOE‘s proposed 

definition of active mode for dishwashers as long as cycle finished mode is a part of active mode. 

(Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) DOE evaluates delay start mode and cycle finished mode in the 

product-specific discussions in section III.D.2, and notes that the amendments adopted in today‘s 

final rule provide for measurement of all active mode, standby mode, and off mode energy use, 

including delay start mode and cycle finished mode, in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and 

conventional cooking products test procedures. 

As discussed in sections III.F.2 and III.F.3, DOE further proposed in the May 2012 

SNOPR that active mode for dishwashers would additionally include the functions of circulating 

air (fan-only mode) and regenerating a built-in water softening system. Therefore, DOE 

proposed a revised definition of active mode in the dishwasher test procedure that would include 

these functions. For cooking products, DOE proposed that circulating air in fan-only mode 

would be an active mode function, and accordingly proposed to add air circulation to the active 

mode functions. 77 FR 31444, 31447–49, 31462 (May 25, 2012). 
35

DOE did not receive comments objecting to the definitions of active mode for each of the 

covered products that were proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR, Thus, in today‘s final rule, DOE 

incoporates in the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test procedures and the amendments to the 

conventional cooking product test procedure the definition of active mode as proposed in the 

May 2012 SNOPR. 

b. Standby Mode 

DOE also proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to define ―standby mode‖ for 

dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products as any mode in which the 

product is connected to a mains power source and offers one or more of the following useroriented or protective functions which may persist for an indefinite time: 

To facilitate the activation of other modes (including activation or deactivation of active 

mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer; 

Continuous functions, including information or status displays (including clocks) or 

sensor-based functions. 75 FR 75290, 75290 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also proposed the additional clarification that a timer 

is a continuous clock function (which may or may not be associated with a display) that provides 

regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and that operates on a continuous basis. Id. 

AHAM stated that it supported the standby mode definition based on IEC Standard 

62301 (FDIS), although IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) should be the basis for the 
36

definition once the Second Edition was issued. AHAM and Whirlpool also requested that DOE 

require that all products default to the standby mode, as delivered from the factory. (AHAM, No. 

14 at p. 3; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 36; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 2, 

4) DOE notes that its test procedures are used to measure the energy consumption of covered 

products in active, standby, and off modes, and do not prescribe specific operational 

characteristics for those products. 

DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the ―standby mode‖ definition in 

the dishwasher test procedure based on the definition provided in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), 

but also proposed to retain and redesignate the current DOE definition of standby mode for 

dishwashers as a ―simplified standby mode‖ to allow manufacturers to continue to use the 

existing standby mode provisions to determine compliance with the current dishwasher energy 

conservation standards until the compliance date of amended standards that address standby 

mode and off mode energy use. Id. 

Whirlpool commented that the retention of a simplified standby mode as a bridging step 

from the current DOE dishwasher test procedure is unnecessary. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) In 

this final rule, DOE is retaining the existing methodology for measuring energy use in this 

―simplified standby mode‖ in appendix C. Use of the new standby mode provisions in appendix 

C1 will be required on May 30, 2013, unless the direct final rule published on May 30, 2012 is 

withdrawn. 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to define ―inactive mode‖ for dishwashers, 
37

dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products as a standby mode that facilitates the 

activation of active mode by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer, 

or that provides continuous status display. Id. 

AHAM and NEEA supported DOE‘s proposed definition of inactive mode. (AHAM, No. 

14 at p. 4; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 3) For the December 2010 NOPR, DOE derived the proposed 

mode definitions from IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), which were retained for IEC Standard 62301 

(Second Edition). DOE retains this definition of inactive mode in this final rule. 

c. Off Mode 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also proposed to amend the test procedures for 

residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products to define ―off mode‖

as a mode in which the product is connected to a mains power source and is not providing any 

active mode or standby mode function, and where the mode may persist for an indefinite time. 

An indicator that shows the user only that the product is in the off positions would be included 

within the classification of off mode. This definition of ―off mode‖ was based on the definitions 

provided in IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS), and DOE stated that it would be useful in terms of 

expanding the scope of the EPCA mode definitions to clarify which functions are associated with 

off mode. 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

 Under these proposed definitions, a dishwasher, dehumidifier, or conventional cooking 

product equipped with a mechanical on/off switch that can disconnect power to the display 

and/or control components would be considered as operating in the off mode when the switch is 
38

in the ―off‖ position, provided that no other standby mode or active mode functions are 

energized. An energized light-emitting diode (LED) or other indication that shows the user only 

that the product is in the off position would be considered part of off mode under the proposed 

definition, again provided that no other standby mode or active mode functions are energized. 

However, if any energy is consumed by the appliance in the presence of a one-way remote 

control, the unit would be considered to be operating in standby mode because the remote control 

would be used to activate or deactivate other mode(s). Electrical leakage and any energy 

consumed for electrical noise reduction, which are not specifically categorized as standby power 

functions, would be considered part of off mode. Id.

NEEA supports the proposed definition of off mode for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and 

conventional cooking products, to the extent that it is consistent with IEC Standard 62301. 

(NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 4–5) Whirlpool stated that the EPCA definition of off mode is adequate for 

each of these products. (AHAM, No. 12 at pp. 2–3) DOE determined that the definition of off 

mode that is consistent with the definition in IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) is an 

important expansion to the EPCA definition that provides clarity for testing, and adopts in 

today‘s final rule the proposed definition of off mode for the new dishwasher and dehumidifier 

test procedures and the amended conventional cooking products test procedure. 

AHAM and Whirlpool do not support classifying the energy use of a one-way remote 

control as part of standby mode, even though the EPCA definition of standby mode includes 

activation by means of remote control. According to these commenters, a standard remote that 

powers a product ―off‖ actually powers the unit down, such that it can be turned on again 
39

through the use of the remote. A one-way remote does not put the product in standby mode; it 

only allows the product to be turned off. AHAM commented that there are few, if any, one-way 

remotes in the United States. AHAM believes that including one-way remotes in off mode 

instead of standby mode will encourage manufacturers to design products with one-way remotes, 

which could decrease energy use. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 3) DOE 

agrees that once the one-way remote turns the product off, such that there is no standby function 

present and the unit cannot be returned to either active or standby mode by means of the remote, 

the unit would be considered to be operating in off mode. However, if the product is consuming 

energy without being in active mode while waiting for a signal from the one-way remote, the 

product would be classified as operating in standby mode because the remote would be available 

for deactivation of the main unit, regardless of whether other standby functions were present. 

Therefore, DOE clarifies that if energy is consumed by the appliance in the presence of a oneway remote control prior to turning the unit off from a non-active mode, the unit would be 

considered to be operating in standby mode because the remote control would be used to 

deactivate other mode(s). Once the product is turned off by the one-way remote, it would be 

deemed to be operating in either standby mode or off mode, depending on the functions present 

in the appliance other than the remote control function, because the one-way remote would not 

be able to activate or deactivate other mode(s) at that point. 

2. Additional Product-Specific Modes 

In addition to the general mode definitions, DOE discussed in the December 2010 NOPR 

its analysis of various product-specific modes for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional 

cooking products to determine whether they would be properly characterized as active mode, 
40

standby mode, or off mode functions, as follows: 

a. Dishwashers 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE stated that it is aware of two additional relevant 

modes for dishwashers: (1) delay start mode; and (2) cycle finished mode. ―Delay start mode‖

would be defined as a mode in which activation of an active mode is facilitated by a timer. 

―Cycle finished mode‖ would be defined as a mode that provides continuous status display 

following operation in active mode. 

As discussed earlier, because delay start mode is not a mode that may persist for an 

indefinite time, delay start mode would not be considered part of standby mode, but instead 

would be a form of active mode. DOE did not propose amendments to the dishwasher test 

procedure to define ―delay start mode‖ or to measure power consumption in this mode. DOE 

stated that it may consider amendments addressing delay start mode issues in a future dishwasher 

test procedure rulemaking. 75 FR 75290, 75298 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

Based on the ―standby mode‖ definition proposed in the December 2010 NOPR, cycle 

finished mode, which provides a continuous status display and may persist for an indefinite time, 

would be considered as part of a standby mode. Therefore, DOE proposed in the December 2010 

NOPR to define cycle finished mode for dishwashers as ―a mode which provides continuous 

status display following operation in active mode.‖ Id. For the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also 

identified fan-only mode for dishwashers (77 FR 31444, 31447–49 (May 25, 2012)), which is 

discussed separately in section III.F.2 of this notice, as well as dishwasher water softener 
41

regeneration (77 FR 31444, 31449–50 (May 25, 2012)), which is discussed in section III.F.3 of 

this notice. 

ASAP, ACEEE, NCLC, and Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), jointly 

(hereafter referred to as the ―NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment‖), Southern California Edison, 

Southern California Gas Company, and San Diego Gas and Electric Company, jointly (hereafter 

the ―California Utilities‖), AHAM, NEEA, Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), and 

Whirlpool agree with DOE‘s proposal that delay start mode should be classified as a form of 

active mode. AHAM supported DOE‘s decision not to propose amendments to the dishwasher 

test procedure to measure energy use in delay start mode, while the California Utilities, the 

NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E stated that DOE should include measures of delay 

start mode energy use in the dishwasher test procedure. The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment 

believes that if energy consumption in delay start mode is not measured, manufacturers will have 

no incentive to reduce it. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 

10 at p. 41; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint 

Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2–3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) DOE retains the 

classification of delay start mode as part of active mode for dishwashers in today‘s final rule. 

Although DOE is not adopting specific provisions to measure energy use in delay start mode 

alone, DOE is including provisions in the dishwasher test procedure at appendix C1 to measure 

the energy use in all low-power modes combined, which includes modes other than the active 

washing and drying cycle, fan-only mode, and water softener regeneration. (See section III.F.1).

AHAM and Whirlpool disagree with DOE‘s proposal to classify cycle finished mode for 
42

dishwashers as a standby mode. According to Whirlpool, any function begun by the user when 

initiating the active mode includes all power consumed until the full conclusion of that operation. 

Whirlpool stated that cycle-finished mode actions include vent opening/closing, a signal to the 

consumer that the dishes are clean, or other modest users of energy. Whirlpool believes that 

establishing a separate cycle finished mode adds complications and cost to the dishwasher test 

procedure without any corresponding improvement in energy consumption or value to the 

consumer. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 41–

42; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) NEEA stated that DOE should define cycle finished mode as the 

portion of the active mode between the end of the active washing mode and the beginning of the 

inactive mode. However, NEEA interpreted cycle finished mode to mean the period in which a 

fan operates after the end of the active washing and drying cycle. NEEA noted that after the fan 

run time, the dishwasher reverts to a status display (inactive) mode that will persist indefinitely 

until the user opens the door. NEEA believes that the status display (inactive) mode is a standby 

mode. NEEA further commented that if DOE defines such a status display mode as ―cycle 

finished mode,‖ that the cycle finished period of some specified average duration should be 

added to the active mode test procedure. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 2–3) 

DOE notes that in its proposals, it narrowly defined cycle finished mode for dishwashers 

as providing continuous status display following operation in active mode. Because the function 

specified in this definition is a status display that may persist for an indefinite time until the user 

opens the door, cycle finished mode for dishwashers would be classified as a standby mode 

under the general definition of ―standby mode‖ adopted in today‘s final rule for the new 

dishwasher test procedure. DOE has also determined that any period of fan operation after the 
43

end of the active washing and drying cycle would be classified as a ―fan-only mode‖ that is part 

of active mode. As discussed in section III.F.2 of today‘s final rule, DOE includes in the new 

dishwasher test procedure provisions to measure the energy use in fan-only mode if the 

dishwasher is capable of such operation. In today‘s final rule, DOE also adds definitions of cycle 

finished mode and fan-only mode to the dishwasher test procedure to aid the tester in 

differentiating these modes and to clarify that the energy use in cycle finished mode is included 

in the combined low-power energy use measurement, as discussed in section III.F.1 of this 

notice. 

b. Dehumidifiers 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE stated that it is aware of three additional relevant 

modes for dehumidifiers: (1) delay start mode; (2) off-cycle mode; and (3) bucket full/removed 

mode. DOE proposed that the definition for ―delay start mode‖ for dehumidifiers would be the 

same as that for dishwashers. ―Off-cycle mode‖ would be defined as a mode in which a 

dehumidifier has cycled off its main function by humidistat or humidity sensor, does not have its 

fan or blower operating, and will reactivate the main function according to the humidistat or 

humidity sensor signal. ―Bucket full/removed mode‖ would be defined as a mode in which the 

dehumidifier has automatically powered off its main function by detecting when the water 

collection bucket is full or has been removed. 

For the same reasons discussed earlier for dishwashers, delay start mode would not be 

considered a standby mode, but instead would be a form of active mode. DOE did not propose in 

the December 2010 NOPR amendments to define or to measure power consumption in delay 
44

start mode. DOE stated that it may consider amendments addressing delay start mode issues in a 

future dehumidifier test procedure rulemaking. 75 FR 75290, 75298 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

DOE discussed in the December 2010 NOPR that off-cycle mode and bucket 

full/removed mode are modes that may persist for an indefinite time and, under the proposed 

definition, would be considered as part of standby mode. DOE proposed amending its 

dehumidifier test procedure to include definitions of ―off-cycle mode‖ and ―bucket full/removed 

mode.‖ 75290, 75298–99 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, the California Utilities, AHAM, NEEA, PG&E, 

and Whirlpool agree with DOE‘s proposal that delay start mode should be classified as a form of 

active mode for dehumidifiers. AHAM supported DOE‘s decision not to propose amendments to 

the dehumidifier test procedure to measure energy use in delay start mode. The California 

Utilities, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E stated that DOE should include 

measures of delay start mode energy use in the dehumidifier test procedure. The NOPR/SNOPR2 

Joint Comment stated that if energy consumption in delay start mode is not measured, 

manufacturers will have no incentive to reduce it. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public 

Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 45; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 2; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2; 

NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2–3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12 at 

p. 2) DOE maintains this determination that delay start mode is part of active mode for 

dehumidifiers in today‘s final rule. DOE includes provisions in the new dehumidifier test 

procedure to measure the energy use in all low-power modes combined, which includes all 

modes other than active dehumidification mode (i.e., delay start mode, bucket full/removed 
45

mode, inactive mode, off-cycle mode, and off mode.) (See section III.F.1).

Several commenters objected to DOE‘s proposed classification of bucket full/removed 

mode as a standby mode. GE Consumer & Industrial (GE) and NEEA consider bucket 

full/removed mode as a cycle finished mode, and while it may persist for an indefinite period of 

time, it is associated with the active mode cycle, much like the dishwasher cycle finished mode. 

NEEA further stated that DOE should consider bucket full/removed mode as the portion of the 

active mode between the end of the active cycle and the beginning of the inactive mode when the 

user empties and/or replaces the bucket. (GE, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 45; 

NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 3–4) Whirlpool and AHAM also consider bucket full/removed mode to be 

part of active mode. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2; AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5) However, in the event 

that DOE retains bucket full/removed mode as a standby mode, AHAM suggested that the 

definition of bucket full/removed mode should clarify that the dehumidifier has automatically 

powered off its main function by detecting when the water bucket is full or has been removed, 

and does not have its fan or blower operating. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 5) 

DOE agrees that the bucket full/removed mode can be associated with the active mode 

function in which moisture is removed from the air and collected in the bucket. However, bucket 

full/removed mode can also occur when the bucket is removed, regardless of whether the 

dehumidifier was actively removing moisture or circulating air at the time the bucket was 

removed. For example, the bucket may be removed during off-cycle mode, which is a standby 

mode. In addition, bucket full/removed mode may persist indefinitely with a continuous status 

display and no main function, which would meet the definition of a standby mode. DOE 
46

maintains its determination that bucket full/removed mode is a standby mode for today‘s final 

rule. DOE agrees that the fan or blower shall not be operating during bucket full/removed mode, 

because such operation would result in the dehumidifier circulating air as part of active mode, 

but does not adopt a definition of bucket full/removed mode in the new dehumidifier test 

procedure because bucket full/removed mode energy use is included in the combined 

measurement of all low-power mode energy use. 

 Whirlpool agreed with DOE‘s proposal to classify off-cycle mode as a standby mode. 

(Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) In today‘s final rule, DOE includes the proposed definition of offcycle mode in appendix X1, and includes off-cycle mode in the measurement of energy use in

the combined low-power modes. 

c. Conventional Cooking Products 

DOE stated in the December 2010 NOPR that it is aware of three additional relevant 

modes for conventional cooking products: (1) delay start mode; (2) cycle finished mode; and (3) 

Sabbath mode. ―Delay start mode‖ and ―cycle finished mode‖ would be the same as defined for 

dishwashers. ―Sabbath mode‖ would be defined as a mode in which the automatic shutoff is 

overridden to allow for warming of pre-cooked foods during such periods as the Jewish Sabbath. 

For the same reasons as discussed for dishwashers and dehumidifiers, delay start mode 

would not be considered a standby mode, but instead would be a form of active mode. In 

addition, the Sabbath mode function of warming food would also be considered part of the active 

mode. DOE did not propose in the December 2010 NOPR amendments to define or to measure 
47

power consumption in ―delay start mode‖ or ―Sabbath mode.‖ DOE stated that it may consider 

amendments addressing delay start mode and Sabbath mode issues in a future cooking products 

test procedure rulemaking 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

DOE discussed in the December 2010 NOPR that cycle finished mode is a mode that 

may persist for an indefinite time and, under the proposed definition, would be considered as part 

of standby mode. DOE proposed to amend its conventional cooking products test procedure to 

include a definition of ―cycle finished mode.‖ 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010). For the May 

2012 SNOPR, DOE also identified fan-only mode for conventional cooking products, which is 

discussed in section III.F.2 of this notice. 

The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, the California Utilities, AHAM, NEEA, PG&E, 

and Whirlpool commented that delay start mode should be considered part of active mode for 

conventional cooking products. The California Utilities, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, 

and PG&E stated that DOE should include measures of delay start mode energy use in the test 

procedure. The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment believes that if energy consumption in delay 

start mode is not measured, manufacturers will have no incentive to reduce it. (AHAM, No. 14 at 

p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 46; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 

2; NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2, NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13 at pp. 2–3; PG&E, No. 17 at 

p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 2) NEEA and Whirlpool also agree with DOE that Sabbath mode is 

part of active mode. (NEEA, No. 11 at p. 4; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 3) 

For the reasons discussed in section III.F.1 of this notice, DOE amends the cooking 
48

products test procedure to add provisions for measuring the combined low-power energy use, 

which will account for all energy use outside of the active cooking cycle13 and fan-only mode. 

AHAM and Whirlpool disagree with DOE‘s proposal to classify cycle finished mode for 

conventional cooking products as a standby mode. According to Whirlpool, any function begun 

by the user when initiating the active mode includes all power consumed until the full conclusion 

of that operation. Whirlpool believes that establishing a separate cycle finished mode adds 

complications and cost to the conventional cooking products test procedure without any 

corresponding improvement in energy consumption or value to the consumer. (AHAM, No. 14 at 

p. 5; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 46–47; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 

2–3) NEEA stated that operation of the cooling fan that protects the electronic controls 

comprises cycle finished mode, with its duration being directly related to the temperature at 

which the active cooking function was conducted. According to NEEA, DOE should define 

cycle finished mode as the portion of the active mode between the end of the active cooking 

mode and the beginning of the inactive mode, when the cooling fan stops. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 

2–4) 

As with dishwashers, DOE‘s proposals narrowly defined cycle finished mode for 

conventional cooking products as providing continuous status display following operation in 

active mode. Because the function specified in this definition is a status display that may persist 

for an indefinite time until the user takes action, cycle finished mode for conventional cooking 

products would be classified as a standby mode under the general definition of ―standby mode‖

 

13 In the December 2010, DOE proposed to allocate the 8.9 estimated annual Sabbath mode hours to the active 

cooking mode. 75 FR 75290, 75309–10 (Dec. 2, 2010). 
49

adopted in today‘s final rule for the conventional cooking products test procedure. DOE has also 

determined that any period of fan operation after the end of the active cooking cycle would be 

classified as a ―fan-only mode‖ that is part of active mode. As discussed in section III.F.2 of 

today‘s final rule, DOE includes in its amendments to the cooking products test procedure 

provisions to measure the energy use in fan-only mode if the conventional cooking product is 

capable of such operation. In today‘s final rule, DOE also adds definitions of cycle finished 

mode and fan-only mode to the cooking products test procedure. 

3. Network Mode 

 Section 3.7 of IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS) defines ―network mode‖ as a mode category 

that includes ―any product modes where the energy using product is connected to a mains power 

source and at least one network function is activated (such as reactivation via network command 

or network integrity communication) but where the primary function is not active.‖ Section 3.7 

of IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS) also provides a note, stating that ―[w]here a network function is 

provided but is not active and/or not connected to a network, then this mode is not applicable. A 

network function could become active intermittently according to a fixed schedule or in response 

to a network requirement. A  ̳network‘ in this context includes communication between two or 

more separately independently powered devices or products. A network does not include one or 

more controls which are dedicated to a single product. Network mode may include one or more 

standby functions.‖

 DOE acknowledged in the December 2010 NOPR that in the future, products that are the 

subject of this rulemaking could incorporate a network mode for either communication with 
50

technicians for repair and performance monitoring, or for interaction with the electric grid. At the 

time of the December 2010 NOPR, however, DOE was unaware of any data that would enable it 

to determine appropriate testing procedures and mode definitions for incorporation into test 

procedures for network mode in dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. 

As a result, DOE could not evaluate networked units, even in terms of categorizing network 

mode as a standby mode or off mode function. In particular, DOE was unaware of methods for 

appropriately configuring networks or methods for collecting data about the energy use of 

appropriately configured networks. DOE also had no information as to whether network 

connection speed or the number and type of network connections affect power consumption for 

these products. DOE also had no information as to whether wireless network devices in such 

products would have different levels of power consumption when a device is establishing a 

connection versus when the network connection is established. DOE stated in the December 

2010 NOPR that it was also unaware of how the energy consumption for dishwashers, 

dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products in a network environment may be affected by 

their product design and user interaction, as well as network interaction. These effects would 

need to be measured if the network function could become active intermittently according to a 

fixed schedule or in response to a network requirement. For these reasons, the amendments 

proposed in the December 2010 NOPR did not include provisions for testing network mode 

energy consumption in dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. DOE 

noted that provisions for testing power consumption in network mode could be incorporated into 

the test procedure through future amendments once the appropriate data and testing 

methodologies become available. 75 FR 75290, 75299 (Dec. 2, 2010). 
51

AHAM and Whirlpool agreed with DOE that there are no dishwashers, dehumidifiers, or 

conventional cooking products on the market currently that are capable of operation in network 

mode, and that there is no way for DOE to gather data on this mode. Thus, these commenters 

agreed with DOE‘s proposal not to address network mode until such time that sufficient data are 

available. AHAM and Whirlpool also stated that network mode would be distinct from standby 

or off mode. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 6; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 

48, 50; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 4) 

The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, the California Utilities, ASAP, NEEA, and PG&E 

urged DOE to develop test methodology for network mode. According to these commenters, a 

number of major manufacturers are developing network-enabled dishwashers and cooking 

products, and these products are expected to be available on the market when the amended test 

procedures become effective. Further, these commenters stated that products with network 

capability may consume significant energy in network mode. ASAP and the NOPR/SNOPR2 

Joint Comment stated that the energy use in network mode should be captured regardless of 

whether the product is actually connected to a network. NEEA noted that IEC Standard 62301 

defines network mode as part of inactive mode, and that DOE should adopt a definition of 

network mode consistent with the one in IEC Standard 62301, along with methodology to 

measure network mode energy use during inactive mode testing. The SNOPR Joint Comment 

stated that the definition of standby mode is sufficiently broad to encompass energy use in 

network mode. (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 49–50; California 

Utilities, No. 16 at p. 3; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13 at pp. 3–4; SNOPR Joint 

Comment, No. 22 at p. 1; NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 4–5; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 3) 
52

In response to these comments, DOE observes that it is still not aware of any networkequipped dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products that could allow 

sufficient analysis on which to categorize the functionality of network mode in these products, 

nor did commenters provide information or data on which to develop test methodology for 

measuring energy use in a network mode. Therefore, for the same reasons that DOE did not 

address network mode in the December 2010 NOPR, DOE is not adopting a definition or testing 

methodology for network mode in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, or conventional cooking 

products test procedures in today‘s final rule. DOE reiterates, however, that it may consider 

amending these test procedures in a separate rulemaking in the future should network-equipped 

products and data on their functionality become available. 

4. Disconnected Mode 

 DOE also noted in the December 2010 NOPR that section 3.9 of IEC Standard 62301 

(FDIS) provides a definition for ―disconnected mode,‖ which is ―the state where all connections 

to mains power sources of the energy using product are removed or interrupted.‖ IEC Standard 

62301 (FDIS) also adds a note that common terms such as ―unplugged‖ or ―cut off from mains‖ 

also describe this mode and that this mode is not part of off mode, standby mode, or network 

mode. DOE stated in the December 2010 NOPR that there would be no energy use in a 

disconnected mode and agreed that it would not be part of off mode, standby mode, or network 

mode. Therefore, DOE did not propose a definition or testing method for disconnected mode in 

the test procedures for residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, or conventional cooking products. 

75 FR 75290, 75299–300 (Dec. 2, 2010). 
53

AHAM agreed that there would be no energy use in disconnected mode, and supported 

DOE‘s decision not to amend the test procedures accordingly. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 4) In 

consideration of this support and for the reasons discussed above, DOE does not amend the 

dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures to define or add 

testing provisions for disconnected mode in today‘s final rule. 

E. Specifications for the Test Methods and Measurements for Standby Mode and Off Mode 

Testing 

As discussed in section III.C of this notice, DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR 

to specify testing equipment and conditions for measuring standby mode and off mode energy 

use in the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures, based 

on provisions in IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition). 75 FR 75290, 75300–04 (Dec. 2, 2010). In 

September 2011 SNOPR, it proposed to incorporate by reference in the dishwasher, 

dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures the following provisions from 

IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for testing equipment and conditions: (1) the room 

ambient air temperature requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.2; (2) the electrical supply 

voltage requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.3.2; (3) the power equipment specifications in 

section 4, paragraph 4.4; (4) the instructions for allowing the product to enter a lower power state 

prior to the test measurement in section 5, paragraph 5.1, note 1; and (5) portions of the 

installation and setup procedures in section 5, paragraph 5.2. 76 FR 58436, 58349–54 (Sep. 20, 

2011). 
54

1. Ambient Conditions, Including for Active Mode 

 In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed that test room ambient temperatures for 

standby mode and off mode testing be specified for all dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and 

conventional cooking products according to section 4, paragraph 4.2 of IEC Standard 62301 

(First Edition). 75 FR 75290, 75301–02 (Dec. 2, 2010). The First Edition specified a temperature 

range of 73.4 ± 9 °F. Section 4, paragraph 4.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) contains 

an identical requirement for the test room ambient temperature, which DOE proposed to 

reference for standby mode and off mode testing in the September 2011 SNOPR. In the 

December 2010 NOPR, DOE also compared the IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) ambient 

temperature ranges to those specified in the current DOE dishwasher, dehumidifier, and 

conventional cooking products test procedures for active mode testing as follows. Because the 

same IEC ambient temperatures were specified in the Second Edition, DOE drew the same 

tentative conclusions in the September 2011 SNOPR. 

DOE noted in the December 2010 NOPR that the current DOE test procedure for 

dishwashers includes a test room ambient air temperature requirement of 75 ± 5 oF, which helps 

ensure consistent and repeatable test results for active mode measurements in which heat losses 

could affect energy consumption. Because energy use in standby mode or off mode is less 

affected by ambient temperature than active mode energy use, DOE proposed to allow 

manufacturers of dishwashers to use the less stringent ambient temperature range in IEC 

Standard 62301 (First Edition) for standby mode and off mode power consumption 

measurement. DOE further stated that manufacturers could choose to use the ambient 

temperature range in the current DOE test procedure if tests of active mode efficiency 
55

performance and standby mode and off mode power consumption are conducted simultaneously 

in the same room on multiple dishwashers. 75 FR 75290, 75301 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

For dehumidifiers, the current DOE test procedure specifies a test room ambient 

temperature of 80 ± 2 °F. As with dishwashers, DOE‘s proposal in the December 2010 NOPR 

would allow manufacturers of dehumidifiers to conduct active mode efficiency performance 

testing and standby mode and off mode power consumption testing simultaneously in the same 

room on multiple dehumidifiers, as long as the temperature requirements for both tests are met. 

Alternatively, the proposed temperature specifications taken from IEC Standard 62301 (First 

Edition) would allow a manufacturer that opts to conduct standby mode and off mode testing 

separately from performance testing to use the ambient temperature requirement of 73.4 ± 9 °F. 

75 FR 75290, 75301 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

The current DOE test procedure for conventional cooking products includes a test room 

ambient air temperature specification of 77 ± 9 oF, which varies slightly from the range specified 

by IEC Standard 62301 of 73.4 ± 9 °F. DOE stated in the December 2010 NOPR that the higher 

temperatures allowed for active mode energy testing could be representative of ambient 

temperatures during a cooking process, but that maintaining lower allowable temperatures for 

standby mode and off mode power consumption measurements would be more representative of 

ambient conditions during those operating modes. The proposed test procedure would allow 

manufacturers of conventional cooking products to measure active mode performance and 

standby and off mode power simultaneously in the same room on multiple units, provided that 

the room ambient temperature falls within the range allowed by both ambient temperature 
56

requirements (i.e., any temperature between 68 and 82.4 °F). Alternatively, the proposal would 

allow a manufacturer to conduct standby mode and off mode testing separately from 

performance testing within an ambient temperature range of 73.4 ± 9 °F. 75 FR 75290, 75301–02 

(Dec. 2, 2010). 

AHAM stated that DOE should use the ambient temperature requirements in its current 

dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures for standby mode 

and off mode energy use measurements, which AHAM stated would produce accurate, 

repeatable, and reproducible results. AHAM and Whirlpool noted that the DOE temperature 

requirements are more stringent for dishwashers and dehumidifiers, and that DOE‘s ambient 

temperature requirements in the cooking products test procedure substantially overlaps with the 

IEC temperature range. For the same reasons as AHAM outlined, BSH commented that the more 

stringent DOE ambient temperature requirements in the dishwasher test procedure should apply 

for standby mode and off mode testing. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7–8; AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; 

AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 63; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 9–10; Whirlpool, 

No. 26 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool suggested a single temperature range would reduce 

inadvertent testing error. Whirlpool recommended more stringent ambient room temperatures for 

the dishwasher and conventional cooking products test procedures for all testing— 75 ± 2 °F for 

dishwashers and 75 ± 5 °F for conventional cooking products—and supported conducting all 

dehumidifier testing under the current DOE active mode test conditions of 80 ± 2 °F. According 

to Whirlpool, a 1°F difference in ambient temperature can cause a 1.5 kWh change in the 

measurement of dishwasher annual energy use. AHAM stated that not every laboratory could 

achieve a tolerance tighter than ± 5 °F for dishwasher testing. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7–8; 
57

AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 152–153; BSH, 

No. 28 at pp. 9–10; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 4–5; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 3; Whirlpool, No. 26 at 

pp. 1, 5) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool also stated that the dishwasher test procedure should 

clarify that the tolerances specified indicate the allowable limits of variation in temperature, but 

do not permit the deliberate variation with those limits. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; AHAM, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 151; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; 

Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 153–154) Intertek noted that it 

understood that the intent of the dishwasher test procedure is to target 75 °F, and they aim to 

maintain this ambient temperature. According to Intertek, it is also important to maintain this 

temperature prior to conducting the test when the soils are drying on the test load. (Intertek, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 154–155) 

In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE maintained its proposals that the standby mode and off 

mode testing for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products be allowed to 

be conducted under either the ambient temperature range specified in IEC Standard 62301 

(Second Edition) or the ambient temperature range specified in the DOE test procedure where 

the DOE active mode temperature range overlaps the IEC temperature range. DOE re-examined 

this issue in light of the comments received. DOE confirmed its proposed approach to not require 

that standby mode and off mode testing be conducted under the same ambient temperature as 

active mode testing because no data were available to suggest that the standby mode and off 

mode power of residential dishwashers varies significantly within the allowable ambient 

temperature range of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), and because this approach would 
58

increase the burden for those manufacturers or laboratories that choose to conduct standby mode 

and off mode testing separately from active mode testing. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012) 

 In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE also responded to comments on the intent of the 

ambient temperature range in the dishwasher test procedure by noting that the tolerances 

specified in the DOE test procedures provide a range of temperatures under which the test results 

are considered valid, regardless of the reasons for why a particular temperature within the range 

was selected or achieved. Therefore, DOE did not alter its proposal to state that the dishwasher 

test should be conducted at the nominal center of the ambient temperature range. DOE stated that 

it recognized the impact of ambient temperature on the active mode measurement, however, and 

as an alternative to the ±5 °F tolerance in the current test procedure for active mode testing, DOE 

proposed to tighten the tolerance on the test room ambient temperature in the dishwasher test 

procedure to ±2 °F for active mode testing. Id. 

DOE did not receive comments in response to the August 2012 SNOPR on the proposal 

that the standby mode and off mode testing for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional 

cooking products may be conducted within the range of ambient temperatures where the 

specified temperature ranges of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) and the DOE test 

procedure overlap if the testing laboratory chooses to conduct standby mode and off mode 

testing in the same facility as for active mode testing. DOE acknowledges the previous 

comments which identify the potential for inadvertent testing error if the standby mode and off 

mode testing is conducted under different ambient temperatures than active mode testing, but 

determined that the potential for such error is outweighed by the flexibility provided to 
59

manufacturers and testing laboratories to conduct standby mode and off mode testing separately 

from active mode testing. In addition, commenters did not provide information that would 

suggest that the more stringent ambient temperature requirements currently specified in the DOE 

dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking product test procedures would reduce 

variability in the standby mode and off mode energy use measurement. For these reasons, 

today‘s final rule incorporates by reference in the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test 

procedures and amended conventional cooking products test procedure the ambient temperature 

requirements specified in section 4 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) for measuring 

standby mode and off mode power consumption. 

 In response to the August 2012 SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool 

continued to suggest that the dishwasher active mode test should be conducted at the nominal 

center of the ambient temperature range, but acknowledged that a tighter tolerance would also 

help minimize test-to-test variation. Whirlpool supported the proposal to tighten the tolerance to 

±2 °F, and stated that any additional burden associated with this requirement is small. Whirlpool 

commented that it will be able to meet the proposed tighter ambient temperature tolerance. None 

of the commenters provided information on whether all laboratories are capable of achieving a 

±2 °F temperature range, but AHAM, BSH, and Samsung believe that some laboratories would 

need to make significant investments to meet this requirement. BSH added that at certain times 

of the year its laboratories would not be able to meet the 75 ±2 °F temperature range, requiring 

costly modifications to achieve consistent performance. BSH noted that it also conducts 

dishwasher testing according to the IEC dishwasher test procedure that requires an ambient 

temperature range of 64.4 to 71.6 °F. The current DOE active mode temperature specification 
60

provides an overlap between the lower end of the DOE temperature range and the upper end of 

the IEC range, allowing BSH to conduct both tests in the same laboratory at the same time. 

DOE‘s proposal for 75 ±2 °F would not allow this overlap, and could potentially require BSH to 

have separate laboratories for DOE and IEC testing. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; BSH, No. 36 at p. 

3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2) 

 DOE carefully considered these comments and whether the potential improvement in the 

test procedure results by requiring a tighter ambient temperature tolerance for dishwasher active 

mode testing would warrant the significant costs that could potentially be incurred by at least 

some test laboratories and manufacturers. Although it does not have information on the number 

of affected laboratories, DOE observes that at least one manufacturer would need to upgrade its 

facilities, and would incur additional cost by not being able to conduct all its active mode testing, 

i.e., testing both for demonstrating compliance with DOE energy conservation standards and for 

evaluating consumer utility associated with cleaning performance, in a single laboratory. 

Although test repeatability and reproducibility would be improved by specifying a more stringent 

ambient temperature tolerance, DOE determined that the significant potential costs do not 

warrant the benefits of such a specification. As a result, DOE is not changing the required range 

in ambient temperatures for active mode testing in the dishwasher test procedure. In addition, for 

the reasons stated in the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE is not amending the dishwasher test 

procedure to require that the active mode test be conducted at the nominal center of the ambient 

temperature range. 
61

AHAM and GE stated that the test room humidity should be specified for dehumidifier 

standby mode and off mode testing to prevent the unit from inadvertently cycling on. (AHAM, 

No. 14 at p. 7; GE, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 64) Neither commenter 

provided information on an appropriate ambient humidity level for this testing, and no such 

requirement is contained within IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). Therefore, DOE is not 

adopting an ambient humidity requirement in today‘s final rule for standby mode and off mode 

testing in the new dehumidifier test procedure. DOE does, however, clarify in section 4.2 of 

appendix X1 that standby mode and off mode testing should be conducted while ensuring that 

the dehumidifier does not enter active mode during the test. 

2. Installation and Power Supply Requirements 

AHAM and Whirlpool supported the requirement to conduct standby mode and off mode 

testing at the factory or default setting, or where there are no indications of those settings, in the 

as-shipped condition, in accordance with section 5.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). 

According to these commenters, this requirement would provide clarity, ensure repeatability, and 

reduce testing burden. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 3–4, 6; Whirlpool, No. 12 at pp. 2, 4; Whirlpool, 

NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 58) AHAM also stated that it supports the power 

supply requirements proposed to be referenced from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). 

(AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 7–8) DOE adopts in today‘s new dishwasher and dehumidifier test 

procedures and amended conventional cooking products test procedure references to the 

electrical supply voltage requirements in section 4, paragraph 4.3.2 and portions of the 

installation and setup procedures in section 5, paragraph 5.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second 

Edition). 
62

3. Standby Mode and Off Mode Testing Methodology 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE also proposed for all covered products to require 

measurement of standby mode and off mode power using section 5, paragraph 5.3 of IEC 

Standard 62301 (First Edition), clarified by requiring the product to stabilize for at least 30 

minutes and using an energy use measurement period of not less than 10 minutes. Further, for 

any dishwasher or dehumidifier in which the power varies over a cycle, as described in section 5, 

paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition), the December 2010 NOPR proposed to 

require the use of the average power approach in section 5, paragraph 5.3.2(a), with the same 30-

minute minimum stabilization and 10-minute minimum measurement periods, as long as the 

measurement period comprises one or more complete cycles. 75 FR 75290, 75300–01 (Dec. 2, 

2010) DOE additionally proposed specific methodology for conventional cooking products in 

which power varies as a function of the time displayed. In that case, testers would be allowed to 

choose measuring standby power by means of either the 10-minute test or the 12-hour test, as 

described in section III.C of today‘s notice. According to the proposal, manufacturers could elect 

to conduct either a 10-minute test or a 12-hour test, or both, and results of the 10-minute test that 

are within ±2 percent of the results for the 12-hour test would be deemed to be representative of 

average energy use. Id. at 75302–04, 75328.

In the September 2011 SNOPR, DOE updated its proposal to reference testing 

methodology from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). DOE tentatively concluded that the 

application of the provisions of the Second Edition to all power measurements in standby mode 

and off mode for dishwashers and dehumidifiers would be appropriate, and proposed 
63

incorporation by reference of the relevant paragraphs of section 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 

(Second Edition) in the test procedures for these products. Further, DOE noted in the September 

2011 SNOPR that although the Second Edition allows the choice of multiple test methods for 

both stable and unstable non-cyclic power consumption, the IEC preferred sampling method 

provides for a test duration that is approximately the same or shorter than the allowable IEC 

alternative methods and does not require classification of the nature of the power consumption 

(e.g., stable or unstable, non-cyclic) in advance of the test. By monitoring the variation in power 

consumption during the test, the test operator could determine whether it is stable or unstable, 

and, thus, the required duration of the sampling periods. For cyclic power consumption, the 

Second Edition requires the use of the sampling method. Thus, DOE proposed in the September 

2011 SNOPR to specify the use of the sampling method in section 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301 

(Second Edition) for all measures of standby mode and off mode power consumption for 

residential dishwashers and dehumidifiers. 76 FR 58346, 58351–53 (Sep. 20, 2011). 

DOE did not receive comments in response to the proposed standby mode and off mode 

power consumption measurement methods for dishwashers and dehumidifiers, and for the 

reasons discussed, adopts such amendments in the new dishwasher and dehumidifier test 

procedures in today‘s final rule. 

For conventional cooking products, DOE tentatively concluded in the September 2011 

SNOPR that section 5.3 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) includes provisions that are 

appropriate for measuring off mode and standby modes, except in the case of a unit‘s clock 

whose power consumption varies by the time displayed, and that the sampling method in section 
64

5.3.2 of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would also provide for measurements with 

minimal test burden. Thus, DOE proposed in the September 2011 SNOPR for conventional 

cooking products to require the use of the sampling method in section 5.3.2 of IEC Standard 

62301 (Second Edition), except as follows. In the narrow case of cooking products with power 

consumption that varies as a function of the time displayed, DOE determined that the application 

of the test methodology from IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would cause manufacturers 

to incur significant burden that would not be warranted by any potential improved accuracy of 

the test measurement. For this reason, DOE continued to propose in the September 2011 SNOPR 

the 10-minute and 12-hour test methods for these products in the conventional cooking products 

test procedure, based upon the average power method from IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition). 

The September 2011 SNOPR also proposed to amend the reference in 10 CFR 430.3 to add a 

reference to IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition). DOE‘s proposal for conventional cooking 

products, based on relevant sections of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would neither be 

affected by, nor impact, the testing procedures for microwave ovens other than section 

renumbering as appropriate. 76 FR 58346, 58351–53. (Sep. 20, 2011). 

 AHAM and Whirlpool supported the 10-minute testing methodology for conventional 

cooking products with power consumption that varies as a function of the time displayed, but 

stated that the time that a product takes to return to the lowest power consumption state after 

setting the clock may vary and that this stabilization period may be shorter or longer than 10 

minutes. They commented that DOE should require the clock to be set to a time of 3:33 minus 

the number of minutes of the stabilization period. According to AHAM, each manufacturer will 

know the length of the stabilization period for its products. AHAM also suggested that DOE 
65

could require manufacturers to submit in their certification report to DOE the length of the 

stabilization period, which should not be made public since it is confidential business 

information. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 8; AHAM, No. 20 at pp. 2–3; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 73, 77; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2) 

Whirlpool stated that the 12-hour test would place significant burden on manufacturers, and that 

the 10-minute test has been demonstrated to yield representative results. (Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 

2) 

ASAP commented that the proposed approach for allowing either a 10-minute or 12-hour 

test was a reasonable balance between manufacturer test burden and enforcement. (ASAP, 

NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 76–77) AHAM and Whirlpool questioned 

whether a model that met an energy conservation standard when tested by the manufacturer 

using the 10-minute method but that did not meet the standard when tested by DOE using the 12-

hour method would be deemed compliant if the results between the two tests were within the 2-

percent variation. Whirlpool believes that the option of two test methods is unnecessary. 

(AHAM, No. 14 at p. 9; AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 

10 at pp. 73–75; Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 21 at p. 2) 

Upon review of comments from interested parties, DOE concludes that a 12-hour test 

requirement would represent a significant burden to manufacturers, and that the alternative 10-

minute method would minimize additional test burden. DOE agrees that the time required by 

certain products may be different than the 10-minute stabilization period provided in the 10-

minute test method. DOE does not believe, however, that allowing the manufacturers to 
66

individually determine the stabilization period would optimize the accuracy and repeatability of 

the test procedure, particularly when the method is used at testing laboratories other than that of 

the manufacturer. Based on its testing, DOE determined that a requirement to set the display time 

to 3:23 and allowing a 10-minute stabilization period prior to a 10-minute measurement period 

would best balance the need for reproducibility of the test procedure with the burden placed on 

manufacturers. Therefore, DOE adopts in today‘s final rule the proposed standby mode and off 

mode testing methodology for conventional cooking products, but eliminating the 12-hour 

testing option for conventional cooking products with power consumption that varies as a 

function of the time displayed. 

 DOE notes that the conventional cooking products test procedure is designed to provide 

an energy efficiency measurement consistent with representative average consumer use of these 

products, even if the test conditions and/or procedures may not themselves all be representative 

of average consumer use (e.g., testing with a display of only 3:33 to 3:42). DOE‘s amendments 

reflect the statutory requirement, and the Department‘s longstanding view, that the overall 

objective of the test procedure is to measure the product‘s energy consumption during a 

representative average use cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) Further, the test 

procedure requires specific conditions during testing that are designed to ensure repeatability 

while avoiding excessive testing burdens. Although certain test conditions specified in the test 

procedure may deviate from representative use, such deviations are carefully designed and 

circumscribed in order to attain an overall calculated measurement of the energy consumption 

during representative use. Thus, it is—and has always been—DOE‘s view that products should 

not be designed such that the energy consumption drops during test condition settings in ways 
67

that would bias the overall measurement, thereby making it unrepresentative of average 

consumer use. If a manufacturer incorporates a power-saving mode as part of the appliance‘s 

routine operation, DOE‘s test procedure would produce a representative measure of average 

consumer use if the unit powered down during the 10-minute test period for the same percentage 

of time that such powering down would be expected to occur during a typical 12-hour period, 

and thus, such operation would be permissible. It has been the Department‘s long-held 

interpretation that the purpose of the test procedure is to measure representative use. Ultimately, 

if DOE identifies a broad pattern of behavior which has the effect of circumventing its test 

procedure provisions, the Department may consider reopening the conventional cooking 

products test procedure for further rulemaking. 

F. Calculation of Energy Use Associated with Operational Modes 

1. Standby Mode and Off Mode 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed a methodology for measuring energy 

consumption in modes other than active washing mode for dishwashers and active cooking mode 

for conventional cooking products; i.e., inactive (standby) mode and off mode, as well as delay 

start mode and cycle finished mode. These modes are collectively referred to as low-power 

modes. DOE also raised the possibility of using a similar methodology for measuring low-power 

modes for dehumidifiers, including inactive (standby) mode, off mode, off-cycle mode, and 

bucket full/removed mode. DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to allocate specific 

annual hours to each of the active, standby, and off modes. Using this approach, the annual 

energy use associated with the low-power modes would be calculated by: (1) calculating the 

product of wattage and allocated hours for all possible low-power modes; (2) summing the 
68

results; and (3) dividing the sum by 1,000 to convert from Wh to kWh. For each product, DOE 

estimated the hours allocated to each mode, and for those products with both electronic controls 

and a mechanical on/off switch, DOE proposed to evenly split the hours between inactive mode 

and off mode. For the per-cycle energy use metrics for dishwashers and conventional cooking 

products, this value would be divided by the proposed annual active use cycles per year. For 

dehumidifiers, which measure energy use over a 24-hour period, the annual energy use in the 

low-power mode would be divided by the active mode hours per year and multiplied by 24 

hours. 75 FR 75290, 75306, 75310–15 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

As an alternate approach for dishwashers and conventional cooking products, DOE also 

proposed measuring power consumption for only off and inactive modes for the purpose of 

calculating the total energy consumed in all low-power modes. Using this approach, energy use 

in delay start and cycle finished mode would be accounted for by allocating all the hours not 

associated with active washing or cooking mode to the inactive (standby) and off modes and then 

measuring standby or off mode power. For dehumidifiers, DOE considered the possibility of a 

similar alternative approach in which energy use in which all hours other than active 

dehumidification mode would be allocated to inactive mode, off-cycle mode, and off mode. DOE 

observed that dehumidifiers are generally capable of either off mode or inactive mode, 

depending on the type of controls, when the unit is plugged in but not turned on. Each type of 

dehumidifier would operate in off-cycle mode when the unit is powered on and the relative 

humidity level in the room is below the dehumidifier humidity set point. 75 FR 75290, 75306, 

76308, 75310–13 (Dec. 2, 2010). DOE retained these proposals in the September 2011 SNOPR 

and received comments in support of the alternate approach. As a result, DOE proposed the 
69

alternate approach for dishwashers and conventional cooking products in the May 2012 SNOPR. 

77 FR 31444, 31451 (May 25, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, the California Utilities, PG&E, and Whirlpool opposed the allocation of 

annual hours to different modes proposed for the dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional 

cooking products test procedures, commenting that DOE did not base the proposals on sufficient 

U.S. consumer use data. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool further commented that if DOE moves 

forward with its proposal, the alternative approach is preferable. (AHAM, No. 14 at pp. 9–14; 

AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13; AHAM, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 85, 97–98, 

109; BSH, No. 28 at p. 11; California Utilities, No. 16 at p. 3; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 3; Whirlpool, 

No. 12 at p. 6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 3) The California Utilities and PG&E commented that 

delay start mode should be measured as part of active mode, but supported including delay start 

energy use in standby mode energy use as a temporary measure. ASAP, the California Utilities, 

and PG&E questioned DOE‘s estimates of the annual hours spent in cycle finished mode, while 

GE stated that DOE‘s estimates for dehumidifier bucket full/removed mode are too high. (ASAP, 

NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 109–110; California Utilities, No. 16 at pp. 2, 4; 

PG&E, No. 17 at pp. 2,4; Whirlpool, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 94–95) 

ASAP, the California Utilities, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, and PG&E stated 

that DOE should specify the placement of the mechanical on/off switch so that consumers would 

turn the product off, thereby justifying the proposed split between inactive mode and off mode 

hours. AHAM (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at pp. 87, 109; California 

Utilities, No. 16 at p. 4; NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 13 at p. 6; PG&E, No. 17 at p. 4) 
70

AHAM commented that DOE should require that mechanical on/off switch be accessible to the 

consumer, but should not specify product design. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12) 

In today‘s final rule, DOE maintains its determination from the May 2012 SNOPR for 

both dishwashers and conventional cooking products, and, as contemplated in the December 

2010 NOPR, makes a similar determination for dehumidifiers, that the power consumption in 

each of the low-power modes is similar, and that in such a case, measuring power consumption 

of each mode separately would introduce significant test burden without a corresponding 

improvement in a representative measure of annual energy use. In consideration of support from 

interested parties for the alternate calculation method and the lack of additional consumer use 

data that would improve the original proposal, DOE establishes in the new dishwasher and 

amended conventional cooking products test procedures provisions to account for standby mode 

and off mode energy use by measuring inactive mode and off mode power consumption only, 

and allocating that power consumption to all hours spent in the low-power modes combined. 

The same alternative calculation of combined low-power mode energy use is adopted in 

today‘s final rule in the new dehumidifier test procedure. The provisions require that 

dehumidifiers with off mode capability (i.e., those units with electronic controls that may be shut 

off with a mechanical switch or with mechanical controls) shall be measured in off mode and 

off-cycle mode. For dehumidifiers not capable of operation in off mode (i.e., units with 

electronic controls that may not be shut off with a mechanical switch), inactive mode and offcycle mode shall be measured. The annual hours for all low-power modes combined shall be 

split evenly between off-cycle mode and either inactive mode and off mode, depending on the 
71

unit‘s capability. Although DOE did not previously propose this specific alternative 

methodology for dehumidifiers, it suggested that such an approach could be adopted in the final 

rule. DOE is adopting this approach today after noting the preponderance of supporting 

comments for the alternative approach, and weighing carefully the benefits of reduced testing 

burden of this approach against the minor improvements in accuracy of the standby mode and off 

mode energy use obtained by measuring each low-power mode separately. 

2. Fan-Only Mode 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to define fan-only mode in the test procedures 

for dishwashers and conventional cooking products as an active mode in which a fan circulates 

air for a finite period of time after the end of the dishwasher cycle or conventional cooking 

product heating function, as indicated to the consumer. DOE also proposed provisions to 

measure energy use in fan-only mode, in which the power consumption and duration of fan-only 

mode would be measured at the end of each active mode cycle required by the test procedure, 

and the resulting energy consumption would be included in the energy efficiency metrics for that 

product. 77 FR 31444, 31451 (May 25, 2012). 

In response to the May 2012 SNOPR, the NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment stated that it 

supports incorporating measurement of fan-only mode energy use in the dishwasher and 

conventional cooking products test procedures, as this would provide an incentive to 

manufacturers to reduce fan-only mode energy consumption. (NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, 

No. 29 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated they would not oppose the measurement of 

fan-only mode energy use for dishwashers or conventional cooking products, as long as fan-only 
72

mode is not a user-selectable option. Whirlpool commented that classifying fan-only mode as 

part of active mode would be consistent with a determination that active mode persists until the 

end of the operating cycle. However, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that measuring energy 

consumption in this mode according to the proposed method would represent a significant 

burden due to the increased length of each test. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool recommended that 

DOE allow as an option a one-time measurement or sampling approach to measure fan-only 

mode energy use over a brief time period combined with a calculation to properly account for its 

contribution to annual energy use in the test procedures for dishwashers and conventional 

cooking products. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 2–3; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1–

2) 

Whirlpool further commented that DOE‘s estimate that a dishwasher fan could run for 4 

hours after each cycle, consuming 17 kWh per year or 4.7 percent of the current maximum 

energy consumption, was incorrect. Whirlpool stated that fan operation is a function of the 

residual heat remaining in the unit after completion of the wash cycle and the degree of drying 

selected, and thus, the fan will not operate for this length of time on every cycle. Whirlpool 

similarly commented that DOE‘s estimate that a conventional cooking product fan could run for 

3.5 hours after each cycle, consuming as much as 38 kWh per year, was incorrect because fan 

operation is a function of the residual heat remaining in the unit after completion of the cooking 

cycle and of the ambient temperature. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 2) 

As part of the calculation in the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE provided a range of the annual 

impacts of fan-only energy consumption in residential dishwashers and conventional cooking 
73

products. While DOE agrees that most dishwashers and conventional cooking products will not 

operate in fan-only mode for 4 hours or 3.5 hours, respectively, DOE is aware of products 

capable of these durations, and therefore concludes that the values in the May 2012 SNOPR are 

appropriate estimates of the maximum amount of energy consumed in this mode. However, the 

proposal for dishwasher and conventional cooking product test methods for measuring energy 

use in fan-only mode in the May 2012 SNOPR would be based on the actual length of fan-only 

mode for the product under test. 

For the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE continued to propose the methodology first proposed 

in the May 2012 SNOPR, and also provided an alternative methodology to reduce test burden in 

which, if fan-only mode is not a user-selectable option, the power consumption would be 

measured for a brief time period, such as 10 minutes, and then extrapolated over the length of the 

entire fan-only mode cycle. DOE sought representative data on the length of the fan-only mode 

cycle for dishwashers and conventional cooking products. 77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support the alternative approach under which the 

energy use of fan-only mode would be measured only if is not a user-selectable option, although 

they noted this approach could produce non-representative results if the energy use during fanonly mode is not constant. These commenters cited an example in which the fan could stop and 

start over the course of the fan-only mode, or it could operate at a different wattage at times other 

than during the sampling period. Therefore, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool suggest that 

DOE include language to require that the measured time period of 10 minutes be representative 

of average energy usage. If the measurement period is not representative, the full fan-only mode 
74

should be measured. (AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 9–10; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; 

Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) ASAP, NCLC, and NRDC, jointly (hereafter the ―SNOPR3 Joint 

Comment‖) support measuring fan-only mode energy use for the duration of fan-only mode, as 

originally proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR. These commenters stated they are not aware of 

available data on the representative cycle times of fan-only mode for dishwashers or 

conventional cooking products, and that given the wide variations in fan-only cycle times 

observed in the products, any assumed cycle time would result in significantly over-estimating or 

under-estimating the actual energy consumption in fan-only mode for a majority of products. 

(SNOPR3 Joint Comment, No. 37 at pp. 1–2) 

Measuring fan-only mode energy use over the full duration of fan-only mode may 

provide slightly more accuracy in the results, but such an approach can represent significant 

testing burden in the event that the duration of fan-only mode extends to several hours. 

Additionally, DOE agrees with the SNOPR3 Joint Comment that any single value for a 

representative duration of fan-only mode for a dishwasher or conventional cooking product that 

DOE may prescribe in its test procedures would likely not result in representative energy use for 

a number of such products. To use the alternate method and extrapolate the results over the 

duration of fan-only mode, manufacturers must know and use the length of the fan-only mode 

operation. Use of the alternative approach would substantially reduce testing burden while 

resulting in representative energy use for this mode. Therefore, in today‘s final rule, DOE adopts 

provisions in the new dishwasher test procedure and amends the current conventional cooking 

products test procedure to include the methodology proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR for 

measuring energy use over the full duration of fan-only mode, but also allow the choice of the 
75

alternative method, using a testing duration of 10 minutes, where the duration of fan-only mode 

is known and the resulting energy use extrapolated over the entire fan-only mode will be 

representative. For conventional cooking products, DOE‘s proposed amendments for measuring 

fan-only mode energy use are corrected in today‘s final rule so that the energy use is determined 

in kilowatt-hours rather than hours. 

AHAM and Whirlpool also commented that DOE should clarify what "as indicated to the 

consumer" means in the fan-only mode definition. According to AHAM, this could refer to the 

end of the heating function for a cooking product or dishwasher cycle, or when the consumer is 

notified of the end of the heating function or dishwasher cycle and the fan is running, or 

something else. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) In today‘s final rule, DOE 

provides further clarification in the definition of fan-only mode that indication to the consumer 

of the end of the cycle is by means of a display, indicator light, or audible signal. 

3. Dishwasher Water Softener Regeneration 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed a method for measuring the energy consumed 

during regeneration cycles for water softeners built into certain residential dishwashers. The 

proposed test procedure would measure the machine electrical energy consumption and the water 

consumption of a water softener regeneration cycle. DOE considered information submitted by 

manufacturers in petitions for waiver from the DOE test procedure to determine an appropriate 

method for incorporating water softener regeneration energy and water consumption into the 

overall metrics. 77 FR 31444, 31449–52 (May 25, 2012). 
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The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment supported the proposed water softener regeneration 

test procedure, and noted that the test procedure would eliminate the need for additional test 

procedure waivers. (NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 29 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, and 

Whirlpool opposed the proposed test method because it would be burdensome and result in only 

a small amount of additional measured energy and water consumption. Whirlpool commented 

that it submitted detailed data on the frequency, energy use, and water use of water softeners in 

its petition for wavier, and in granting the waiver, DOE agreed to add constant values of 4 kWh 

and 23 gallons per year to the results calculated under the test procedure. According to 

Whirlpool, these represent a very modest amount of annual energy and water consumption. 

(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 3–4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 

1–3; Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2) 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted that the proposed test method is not consistent with 

the approach taken by the European standards EN 50242/EN 60436 and the IEC Standard 60436, 

which disregard energy and water consumption during water softener regeneration, and that the 

lack of harmonization increases test burden. These commenters also stated that if the water 

softener does not operate as part of the "normal" energy cycle and is user selectable, it should be 

treated like other options in the test procedure and should not be measured. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 

4; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 2–3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1–3; Whirlpool, No. 34 

at p. 2) 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool further stated that DOE overestimated the energy use 

associated with water softener regeneration cycles because it did not account for households with 
77

hard water that use home water softening systems. According to BSH, dishwashers with built-in 

water softening systems are the most costly units, and homes that can afford these high-end 

dishwashers and have water hardness above 180 parts per million (ppm) (the maximum water 

hardness for which modern phosphate-free detergents are effective) are more likely to have home 

water softening systems, although BSH did not provide supporting data. BSH stated that it 

produces about 50,000 units per year with built-in water softening systems, totaling a small 

amount of energy consumption for water softener regeneration according to the current waiver 

calculation methods. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; 

Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) The NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment stated that in the absence of data 

regarding the percentage of households with hard water that have their entire water supply 

softened, DOE's assumption that all dishwashers with built-in water softeners perform the 

periodic regeneration is reasonable. (NOPR/SNOPR2 Joint Comment, No. 29 at pp. 1–2) 

Whirlpool also commented that specifying an exact test water hardness of 217 mg/L 

(12.7 grains) would not be practical, and a tolerance would be required, such as 9 to 14 grains, 

allowing laboratories to use existing water supplies and reduce the additional test burden of 

special mixing of water for this test. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 3) 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that if DOE includes water softener 

regeneration in the test procedure, DOE should adopt a method of adding constant values for the 

water and energy use, similar to the method DOE agreed to in the test procedure waivers, which 

would be provided by the manufacturer and would account for regeneration frequency, water 
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use, and energy use. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; 

Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 3; Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2) 

In the waivers granted to manufacturers for water softening dishwashers, DOE has 

already determined that the energy and water use for water softener regeneration, although small 

in comparison to the overall energy and water use of the dishwasher, must be included to 

accurately represent true energy and water consumption characteristics. DOE recognizes that the 

proposed methodology to measure water softener regeneration would result in a significant 

increase in testing burden, by requiring up to 10 additional testing cycles to determine the energy 

and water use associated with that process. The waivers granted to manufacturers of different 

water softening dishwashers demonstrate that the values for the additional water and energy 

consumption necessary for water softener regeneration, as well as the frequency of the 

regeneration process, will vary depending on the specific model of dishwasher. For that reason, 

DOE cannot adopt fixed values for these parameters in the dishwasher test procedure. As an 

alternative approach that will minimize significantly the testing burden for including water 

softener regeneration in the dishwasher test procedure, DOE adopts in appendix C1 measures of 

energy and water consumption for water softener regeneration using manufacturer-reported 

values for the energy and water use for each regeneration cycle and the number of annual 

regeneration cycles. In today‘s final rule, DOE also amends 10 CFR 429.19 to require 

manufacturers to certify and submit to DOE the fixed values, along with data and calculations by 

which they are derived, for each basic dishwasher model equipped with a built-in water softener 

system. 
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DOE does not have data available at this time to determine the percentage of households 

with hard water that have their entire water supply softened, and for that reason does not provide 

an adjustment factor to the energy and water use calculations adopted in today‘s final rule. 

Because DOE is not adopting methodology for conducting water softener regeneration testing, 

but instead is incorporating energy and water use measures by means of fixed values, DOE is not 

adding any specification in the new dishwasher test procedure for the supply water hardness. 

G. Measures of Energy Consumption 

For the December 2010 NOPR, DOE analyzed whether it is technically feasible, as 

required by EPCA, to combine the existing measures of energy consumption for dishwashers, 

dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products with standby mode and off mode energy use 

to form a single metric. DOE‘s tentative conclusions at that time are discussed as follows. 

1. Dishwashers 

Because the dishwasher test procedure already combines measures of active mode energy 

consumption and a simplified measure of standby mode energy use to derive EAEU, the current 

energy use metric for standards, it is technically feasible to incorporate standby mode and off 

mode energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency descriptor. Furthermore, DOE noted 

in the December 2010 NOPR that its analysis of overall energy use for dishwashers shows that 

the standby mode and off mode energy use is of a magnitude that it would materially affect that 

standard-setting process without overwhelming the effects of differing levels of active mode 

energy use . Therefore, a combined measure of energy efficiency for dishwashers is a meaningful 

measure. DOE proposed to amend the calculation of EAEU to incorporate the revised measures 
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of standby mode and off mode energy consumption, and the revised EAEU metric would satisfy 

the EPCA requirement to integrate standby mode and off mode energy consumption into the 

overall energy consumption metric. 75 FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

EPCA requires that DOE must determine to what extent, if any, a proposed test procedure 

would alter the measured energy efficiency of any covered product as determined under the 

existing test procedure. (42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1)) The current DOE dishwasher test procedure 

defines ―standby mode‖ as the lowest power consumption mode which cannot be switched off or 

influenced by the user. DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to measure an additional 

standby mode (i.e., cycle finished mode). However, the proposed amendments clarified that the 

provisions related to the new measures of energy consumption in standby mode and off mode 

would not be required to be used by manufacturers until the compliance date of any amended 

dishwasher standards addressing standby mode and off mode energy use. Therefore, the 

proposed amendments to the dishwasher test procedure regarding standby mode and off mode 

would not alter the measured efficiency of any covered product under the existing test procedure. 

75 FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

Because the current dishwasher test procedure already incorporates standby energy use in 

the EAOC, it is technically feasible to incorporate both standby mode and off mode energy use 

into the EAOC. Therefore, DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the EAOC 

calculation to incorporate the revised measures of standby mode and off mode energy 

consumption. Id. 
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 The dishwasher test procedure currently provides instructions for rounding EAOC to the 

nearest dollar per year. 10 CFR 430.23(c)(1). However, no instructions are provided for rounding 

the final values of EAEU or water consumption per cycle (the metrics for the current dishwasher 

energy conservation standards), nor the contributory measurements and interim calculations. 

This lack of specificity for rounding may lead to uncertainty in the reported metrics or to 

discrepancies among test laboratories for the same product, resulting in difficulty for regulated 

entities to ascertain, certify, and report compliance with the existing standards. Therefore, DOE 

proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to add instructions to 10 CFR 430.23(c) requiring that 

water consumption be rounded to one decimal place, and EAEU be rounded to the nearest whole 

kWh/year. DOE also proposed at that time to provide rounding instructions for EF, but as 

discussed in section III.J, is removing provisions for determining EF because it is obsolete. 75 

FR 75290, 75314 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

 AHAM commented that is did not oppose modifying the existing EAEU metric for 

dishwashers as proposed, and supported the rounding instructions proposed. (AHAM, No. 14 at 

p. 12) Whirlpool stated that, although it is technically feasible to create an integrated metric for 

dishwashers, delay start mode and cycle finished mode represent de-minimus contributors to 

EAEU and EAOC. According to Whirlpool, the annual cost of energy consumed in inactive/off 

mode would range from $0 to $0.65. Whirlpool stated that measurement of these modes adds 

cost and complication to the test procedure with no corresponding value, and should not be 

included in the test procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6) Because integrated dishwasher energy 

use metrics are technically feasible, DOE revises in today‘s final rule the EAEU and EAOC 

metrics in the new dishwasher test procedure to incorporate measures of standby mode and off 
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mode energy use, as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE also adopts in 10 CFR 430.23(c) the 

rounding instructions for EAEU and water consumption that were proposed in the December 

2010 NOPR. 

2. Dehumidifiers 

The DOE test procedure for dehumidifiers currently only incorporates energy 

consumption in the form of EF (see 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix X for details). EF, 

defined as liters of water removed from the air per kWh, is the metric for the current energy 

conservation standards for dehumidifiers. (10 CFR 430.32(v)) The current DOE test procedure 

for dehumidifiers does not account for standby mode and off mode energy use. 

 In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE noted that its analysis of overall energy use for 

dehumidifiers indicates the standby mode and off mode energy use is of a magnitude that it 

would materially affect that standard-setting process without overwhelming the effects of 

differing levels of active mode energy use. Therefore, DOE stated that a combined measure of 

energy efficiency for dehumidifiers is a meaningful measure. 75 FR 75290, 75314–15 (Dec. 2, 

2010). 

DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to establish an integrated energy factor 

(IEF) measure to account for the product‘s energy use in standby mode and off mode, as well as 

the energy use of the product‘s main functions. DOE noted that the calculation of EF represents 

the liters of water removed from the air per kWh of energy consumed over a given period of 

time, such as the number of active mode hours per year. If the ratio of the annual standby mode 
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and off mode hours to the annual active mode hours is used to apportion standby mode and off 

mode power consumption over the active mode test period of one day, it is possible to calculate 

an IEF that incorporates both the efficiency of water removal from the air and the standby mode 

and off mode energy consumption. DOE proposed to calculate IEF using the following 

calculation: (the liters of water removed over the active mode test cycle)/((the active mode 

energy consumption over the active mode test cycle)+((the standby mode and off mode annual 

energy consumption14×24 hours)/(the active mode hours per year))). 75 FR 75290, 75315 (Dec. 

2, 2010). 

 Section 3 of the current dehumidifier test procedure provides instructions for rounding EF 

to two decimal places. DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to round the IEF value to 

two decimal places as well. Id.

 AHAM stated that is did not oppose the proposed integrated metric for dehumidifiers, 

and supports the rounding instructions proposed. (AHAM, No. 14 at p. 12) Whirlpool stated that, 

although it is technically feasible to create an integrated metric for dehumidifiers, delay start 

mode and bucket full/removed mode represent de-minimus contributors to annual energy 

consumption and operating cost. According to Whirlpool, the annual cost of energy consumed in 

off-cycle and inactive modes would range from $0 to $0.36. Whirlpool stated that measurement 

of these modes adds cost and complication to the test procedure with no corresponding value, 

and should not be included in the test procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 6) Because an 

integrated dehumidifier energy use metric is technically feasible, DOE adopts in today‘s final 

 

14 The standby mode and off mode annual energy consumption is equivalent to the average standby mode and off 

mode power multiplied by the number of standby mode and off mode hours per year. 
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rule the new IEF metric in the new dehumidifier test procedure to incorporate measures of 

standby mode and off mode energy use, as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE also adopts the 

rounding instructions for IEF that were proposed in the December 2010 NOPR. 

3. Conventional Cooking Products 

 The DOE test procedures for conventional cooking tops, ovens, and ranges currently 

incorporate various measures of energy consumption. These include test energy consumption, 

annual cooking energy consumption, annual energy consumption of any continuously-burning 

pilot lights, annual self-cleaning energy consumption, annual clock energy consumption, total 

annual energy consumption, and cooking efficiency. (See 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix 

I .) The test procedure also provides a calculation for EF15 and EAOC. Although there are no 

current energy conservation standards based on performance for conventional cooking products 

(see 10 CFR 430.32(j)), historically, DOE‘s rulemaking analyses when considering standards 

have used EF as the energy conservation metric for conventional cooking products. 

 In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE noted that the conventional cooking products test 

procedure currently combines measures of energy consumption and narrow forms of standby 

energy use, including continuously-operating clock and gas standing pilot light energy 

consumption, to derive an overall ―energy efficiency measure.‖ Therefore, a combined measure 

of energy efficiency for conventional cooking products has already been demonstrated to be a 

workable and meaningful measure. For this reason, DOE tentatively concluded that it would be 

technically feasible to incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption into the 

overall energy efficiency descriptor (i.e., EF). In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to 

 

15 ―Energy factor‖ is defined as the ratio of the annual useful energy output to the total annual energy input. 
85

establish, for conventional electric ovens, the ―integrated annual energy consumption,‖ defined 

as the sum of the annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption, annual primary 

cooking energy consumption, and annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption, expressed 

in kWh. For conventional gas ovens that use electrical energy, the ―integrated annual electrical 

energy consumption‖ would be defined as the sum of the annual standby mode and off mode 

energy consumption, annual secondary cooking energy consumption,16 and annual secondary 

self-cleaning energy consumption, expressed in kWh. For conventional electric ovens, IEF 

would be defined as the (annual useful cooking energy output)/(integrated annual energy 

consumption). For conventional gas ovens, IEF would be defined as the (annual useful cooking 

energy output)/(annual gas energy consumption + integrated annual electrical energy 

consumption). DOE also proposed similar integrated annual energy consumption and IEF 

metrics for multiple conventional ovens (i.e., cooking appliances that include more than one 

conventional oven). 75 FR 75290, 75315 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

 Also in the December 2010 NOPR, DOE proposed to establish measures integrating the 

product‘s energy use in standby mode and off mode with energy use during the main functions of 

the products. For conventional electric cooktops, the ―integrated annual energy consumption‖

would be defined as the (annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption) + (annual 

useful cooking energy output/ conventional cooktop cooking efficiency), expressed in kWh. For 

conventional gas cooktops, the ―integrated annual electrical energy consumption‖ would be 

defined as the sum of the annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption, annual energy 

consumption for cooking, and annual energy consumption of the gas standing pilot light, 

 

16 ―Secondary cooking energy consumption‖ includes any electrical energy consumption of a conventional gas 

cooking product during active mode operation. 
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expressed in kWh. For conventional electric cooktops, IEF would be defined as the annual useful 

cooking energy output divided by the electric cooktop integrated annual energy consumption. 

For conventional gas cooktops, IEF would be defined as the annual useful cooking energy output 

divided by the gas cooktop integrated annual energy consumption. Id. 

 DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to establish the following measures of 

energy consumption for conventional kitchen ranges (i.e., a cooktop and oven combined). 

―Integrated annual energy consumption‖ would be the sum of the annual cooking energy 

consumption of each of its components plus the conventional range annual standby mode and off 

mode energy consumption.17 The IEF of a kitchen range would be the sum of the annual useful 

cooking energy output of each component divided by the sum of the integrated annual energy 

consumption of each component. 75 FR 75290, 75315–16 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

 DOE is also proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the estimated annual 

energy cost calculations in 10 CFR 430.23(i) to include the cost of energy consumed in standby 

mode and off mode for conventional cooking products. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010). The 

cooking products test procedure currently provides instructions for rounding EAOC to the 

nearest dollar per year, and the cooking efficiency and energy factor to three significant digits. 

10 CFR 430.23(i)(1), (2), (4). DOE proposed in the December 2010 NOPR to amend the test 

procedure to provide similar instructions requiring that EAOC based on total integrated annual 

 

17 DOE proposes to measure the standby mode and off mode energy consumption for a conventional range as a 

single product and to add the standby mode and off mode energy consumption separately in the calculation of the 

integrated annual energy consumption. It proposes this so that the standby mode and off mode power consumption is 

not measured separately for each component (i.e., cooktop and oven) and then summed with the cooking annual 

energy consumption, which would effectively double count the contribution of standby mode and off mode energy 

consumption. 
87

electrical energy consumption be rounded to the nearest dollar per year and IEF to three 

significant digits. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

 AHAM commented that is did not oppose the proposed integrated metrics for 

conventional cooking products, and supports the rounding instructions proposed. (AHAM, No. 

14 at p. 12) Whirlpool stated that, although it is technically feasible to create an integrated metric 

for conventional cooking products, delay start mode, cycle finished mode, and Sabbath mode 

represent de-minimus contributors to annual energy consumption and operating cost. Whirlpool 

stated that measurement of these modes adds cost and complication to the test procedure with no 

corresponding value, and should not be included in the test procedure. (Whirlpool, No. 12 at p. 

6) ASAP stated that an integrated metric for conventional cooking products could preclude the 

possibility of a future standard for standby energy use for conventional cooking products, as is 

being considered for microwave ovens. (ASAP, NOPR Public Meeting Transcript, No. 10 at p. 

120.

Because integrated energy use metrics for conventional cooking products are technically 

feasible, DOE adopts in today‘s final rule new IEF and integrated annual energy consumption 

metrics in the cooking products test procedure as described to incorporate measures of standby 

mode and off mode energy use, as required by 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). The cooking products test 

procedure amendments also include separate measures of standby mode and off mode energy use 

that feed into the calculation of IEF. Should DOE in the future consider new energy efficiency 

standards for conventional cooking products, DOE will take appropriate action consistent with 

42 U.S.C. 6295(gg). DOE also amends in 10 CFR 430.23(i) the estimated annual energy cost 
88

calculations to include the cost of energy consumed in standby mode and off mode for 

conventional cooking products, as well as to provide rounding instructions for EAOC and IEF as 

proposed in the December 2010 NOPR. 

H. Dishwasher Test Procedure Clarifications 

1. Energy Test Cycle Selection and Normal Cycle Definition 

DOE proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR that soil-sensing dishwashers be tested on the 

normal cycle under section 2.6.3 of appendix C if soil-sensing is available as an option in the 

normal cycle. If soil-sensing is not available for the normal cycle, DOE proposed that the 

dishwasher be tested by selecting the cycle type that uses the soil-sensing system, and contains 

all the elements of a normal cycle including the power-dry feature (if such a feature is provided). 

77 FR 31444, 31452–53 (May 25, 2010). DOE continued to propose this clarification in the 

August 2012 SNOPR and further proposed that, for units with multiple temperature options, the 

unit shall be tested at the manufacturer-recommended setting, or absent a manufacturer 

recommendation, at the highest temperature setting. 77 FR 49064, 49065–66 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool opposed the proposals in the May 2012 SNOPR and the 

August 2012 SNOPR, stating that it contradicts the definition of normal cycle, may not represent 

typical consumer usage, and creates confusion for the tester and consumer. These commenters 

stated that the "normal cycle" is the appropriate energy test cycle, and manufacturers must 

assume the consumer will use the manufacturer-recommended cycle even if that cycle is nonsoil-sensing on a dishwasher capable of soil-sensing. The commenters further stated that 

manufacturers may do this in order to provide soil-sensing only on a specialty cycle(s), such as 
89

the cycle intended for washing pots and pans, and then recommend the non-soil-sensing normal 

cycle to completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes. Additionally, AHAM, BSH, and 

Whirlpool noted that it is difficult to determine which cycles use the soil sensor. (AHAM, No. 27 

at pp.4 –6; BSH, No 28. at pp. 3–4; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 88–89) AHAM commented that DOE issued guidance in 2010 stating 

that a soil-sensing cycle is to be used, even if the normal cycle is fixed. AHAM stated that to 

some, this guidance changed the interpretation of the test procedure. (AHAM, 2012 Public 

Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 85–86) 

Additionally, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool pointed out that a manufacturer 

may make multiple recommendations for cycles that would completely wash a full load of 

normally soiled dishes, which could invite manufacturer recommendation of alternative cycles or 

option combinations that could be interpreted by consumers to be alternatives to the ―normal 

cycle‖. These commenters stated it is therefore logical that the energy test cycle and ―normal 

cycle‖ should be the cycle most commonly used by consumers on an everyday basis. 

Accordingly, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool suggested that the definition of ―normal cycle‖ be 

revised to clarify that intent, and to encourage manufacturers to recommend cycles to the 

consumer that are consistent with the energy and water use measured by the test procedure. In 

response to the May 2012 SNOPR, they proposed the following definition for normal cycle: 

―normal cycle means the cycle type recommended by the manufacturer for daily, regular, or 

typical use to completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes, including the power-dry 

feature. If multiple cycles are recommended by the manufacturer for daily, regular, or typical use 

to completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes, the most energy intensive of those 
90

recommended cycles shall be considered the normal cycle for the purposes of this test 

procedure.‖ AHAM and Whirlpool opposed the specification of temperature options in the 

normal cycle definition, but commented that if DOE adds temperature options to that definition, 

DOE should require selection of the highest temperature settings in the absence of manufacturer 

recommendations. BSH also supported a requirement to select the highest temperature settings in 

the absence of manufacturer recommendations. AHAM and Whirlpool stated that, in the absence 

of data indicating which temperature settings are most representative of actual consumer use, 

consumers could select the highest temperature settings. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 5–6; AHAM, 

No. 35 at p. 6; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 3–4; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 

No. 26 at pp. 1, 4; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) 

In response to DOE‘s updated proposal for the definition of ―normal cycle‖ in the August 

2012 SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool submitted a revised definition which 

would state that the ―[n]ormal cycle means the cycle type recommended in the manufacturer‘s 

instructions for daily, regular, or typical use to completely wash a full load of normally soiled 

dishes, including the power-dry feature. If no cycle or more than one cycle is recommended in 

the manufacturer‘s instructions for daily, regular, or typical use to completely wash a full load of 

normally soiled dishes, the most energy intensive of these cycles shall be considered the normal 

cycle for purposes of this test procedure.‖ (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 6; BSH, No. 36 at pp. 2–3; 

Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) 

Whirlpool commented that DOE should include a ―statement of intent‖ in the dishwasher 

test procedure to clarify the test procedure for new technology developments, and to prevent 
91

manufacturers from creating a specifically designed test cycle that fails to perform the functions 

desired by the consumer, similar to a recent refrigerator rulemaking. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 3–

4; Whirlpool, No. 32 at pp. 1–2) Samsung also requested that DOE add a statement of intent to 

help manufacturers, certification bodies, and consumers understand that the intent of the energy 

test cycle selection is to reflect the representativeness of the test procedure to consumer use 

conditions. (Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1) According to BSH, however, any additional statements of 

intent and/or additional wording seeking to further clarify the definition may, in some cases, 

result in confusion as to what cycle should be selected for testing. (BSH, No. 36 at p. 2) 

Under EPCA, any test procedure for consumer products that DOE prescribes or amends 

shall be reasonably designed to produce test results which measure energy consumption or 

energy efficiency of these products during a representative average use cycle or period of use. 

(42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) DOE is aware of products available on the market that have multiple 

cycles recommended by the manufacturer for washing a full load of normally soiled dishes, and 

that for soil-sensing dishwasher these cycles may be soil-sensing or non-soil sensing. Upon 

consideration of the arguments put forth by commenters that consumers are most likely to select 

cycles that are recommended by the manufacturer when washing a full load of normally soiled 

dishes, DOE determines that it would be contrary to the EPCA requirements if DOE were to 

require the preferential selection of a soil-sensing cycle for a soil-sensing dishwasher, regardless 

of the manufacturer‘s instructions to the consumer. Therefore, DOE agrees with the stakeholder 

recommendation for the definition of normal cycle, including the requirement to test on the most 

energy-intensive of multiple recommended cycles or, in the absence of a manufacturer 

recommendation, the most energy-intensive of all cycles. Because the most energy-intensive 
92

cycle would include the highest energy consumption temperature options for washing and 

drying, DOE includes such a clarification in the definition of the normal cycle in appendix C1, 

which would be required to be used on the compliance date of any final amended standards for 

dishwashers (i.e., May 30, 2013 unless the direct final rule issued on May 30, 2012 is 

withdrawn). On that compliance date, the definition of normal cycle that DOE adopts in today‘s 

final rule supersedes the 2010 guidance. For the reasons discussed above, DOE withdraws the 

guidance effective May 30, 2013 (unless the direct final rule issued on May 30, 2012 is 

withdrawn, in which case the guidance will remain in effect). DOE also clarifies in appendix C1 

that ―non-soil-sensing dishwasher‖ refers to a dishwasher that does not have the ability to adjust 

automatically any energy consuming aspect of the normal cycle based on the soil load of the 

dishes, and that a ―soil-sensing-dishwasher‖ does have the ability to adjust automatically any 

energy consuming aspect of the normal cycle based on the soil load of the dishes. In addition, 

DOE clarifies that soil-sensing dishwashers shall be tested on the normal cycle. Furthermore, 

DOE has not included a statement of intent in the amendments to the dishwasher test procedure 

adopted in today‘s final rule. EPCA‘s requirement that test procedures measure energy 

efficiency, energy use or water use during a representative average use cycle obviates the need 

for specific clarification of that purpose in the residential dishwasher test procedure in the 

absence of any indication that manufactures are designing products that test under conditions 

different than those used by the consumer. 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool recommend that manufacturers be required to submit with 

their certification reports: (1) whether the unit is soil-sensing; (2) the cycle selected for the 

energy test; and (3) the options selected for the energy test. AHAM also recommended 
93

manufacturers certify in the report whether the test cycle is soil-sensing. AHAM, BSH, and 

Whirlpool suggested that manufacturers include a clear recommendation for the cycle setting and 

options in their use and care guides, or on the product controls. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 6; AHAM, 

2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 87; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 4–5; BSH, 2012 Public 

Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 91–92; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) Intertek commented that 

currently, the only way for laboratories to know if a unit has a soil sensor is to reference the use 

and care manual. (Intertek, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 91) BSH and Whirlpool 

indicated that their user manuals likely indicate whether a unit has a soil sensor, while GE noted 

their manuals do not necessarily indicate which cycles are soil-sensing, and which are fixed. 

(BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 92; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 38 at p. 92; GE, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 98) 

DOE notes that the certification requirements for dishwashers included in 10 CFR part 

429.19 require manufacturers to report the following information for each certified basic model: 

the capacity in number of place settings as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW–1, presence of a soil 

sensor (if yes, the number of cycles required to reach calibration), and the water inlet 

temperature used for testing in °F. In today‘s final rule, DOE determined, for reproducibility of 

the test procedure, to additionally require that manufacturers submit the cycle used for energy 

testing, whether that cycle is soil-sensing, and the options selected for that cycle during energy 

testing. 

2. Preconditioning 
94

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed that, for soil-sensing dishwashers, the cycle 

setting for the active mode cycle (in which the soil sensor is active) be selected for the 

preconditioning cycle. 77 FR 31444, 31452 (May 25, 2012). In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE 

additionally proposed requiring two preconditioning cycles to ensure the soil sensor is properly 

calibrated, and to clean any debris out of the dishwasher prior to testing. 77 FR 49064, 49066 

(Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with using the test cycle for 

preconditioning, but also commented that the definition of preconditioning is vague and not 

adequate for the way some products operate today. They commented that the proposed language 

may be confusing, and recommended that the cycle used for preconditioning be the same as the 

cycles used for the test. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 9; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; AHAM, 2012 Public 

Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 107–108; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; BSH, No. 28 at p. 7; Samsung, 

No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and 

Whirlpool also support the requirement for two preconditioning cycles. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 7; 

BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Whirlpool and BSH 

commented that some laboratories perform more than one preconditioning cycle to ensure that 

the machine is cleaned out and water usage is quantified, although Whirlpool‘s products are 

designed so that the sensor calibrates in one cycle. Whirlpool acknowledged, however, that if its 

dishwasher does not calibrate in the first cycle, then it uses the next cycle as well, and will keep 

trying on subsequent cycles if there is still an error. BSH commented that the action taken if the 

sensor fails to calibrate on the first cycle varies from manufacturer to manufacturer. Whirlpool 

and BSH stated that they have equipment in their own laboratories that can determine whether 
95

the sensor has calibrated, but they further noted that there is not a clear way for a third-party 

laboratory to determine whether the sensor had calibrated, because the energy and water use that 

would indicate a calibration process are model-specific and the sensor responses are complex. 

According to BSH, sensor responses may include changes in motor speed and water 

temperatures, as well as water consumption. Whirlpool and BSH added that their sensors are 

designed to calibrate with clean water, rather than with a soiled load. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 111–113, 115–116, 118; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, 

No. 38 at pp. 109–115, 117, 119–120) Viking Range Corporation (Viking) commented that user 

manuals typically contain energy use information for cycles that would provide an indication to a 

laboratory as to whether a calibration occurred. (Viking, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 

at pp. 120–121) BSH stated that it provides a minimum and maximum water consumption, but 

water use above the maximum is not necessarily indicative of a problem with calibration. (BSH, 

2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 122) UL stated that it performs one preconditioning 

cycle because that is the recommendation in ANSI/AHAM DW-1. (UL, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 38 at p. 123) 

DOE has determined that specifying the energy test cycle would provide clarity and the 

most accurate possible water usage measurement for calculation of detergent dosing. Thus, in 

appendix C1 established by today‘s final rule, DOE includes the requirement that the 

preconditioning cycle be conducted using the same cycle setting as the energy test cycle, as 

proposed in the May 2012 SNOPR and August 2012 SNOPR. DOE has added further 

clarification by revising the definition for ―preconditioning cycle‖ to state that it is a normal 

cycle run with no test load to ensure that the water lines and sump area of the pump are primed. 
96

DOE also determines that there would be a slight additional test burden of conducting two 

preconditioning cycles, but that this increase is warranted by the improvement in test 

measurements by ensuring sensor calibration and cleaning out the machine and is not unduly 

burdensome to conduct, as discussed in section III.K. In addition, specifying two preconditioning 

cycles would eliminate the need for laboratories to interpret testing data to determine whether 

sensor calibration occurred successfully after the first preconditioning, thus improving 

reproducibility of the test procedure. For these reasons, DOE is requiring the use of two 

preconditioning cycles in the dishwasher test procedure established at appendix C1. 

3. Detergent 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed determining detergent dosing using the prewash and main wash fill volumes during the preconditioning cycle, and outlined the calculations 

for the proper dosing. Additionally, the proposal updated the type of detergent to the currentlyavailable ―Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn‖ powder detergent. 77 FR 31444, 

31453 (May 25, 2012). In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE continued to propose detergent dosing 

as outlined in the May 2012 SNOPR, with the clarification that the pre-wash and main wash fill 

volumes be recorded during the second proposed preconditioning cycle. 77 FR 49064, 49066 

(Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM commented that the proposed detergent dosage calculation leaves room for 

interpretation. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 93) AHAM, BSH, and 

Whirlpool commented that the concentration approach for detergent dosing may no longer be 

representative of actual consumer use because consumers are more likely to use a monodose 
97

detergent. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool recommended that DOE should base the decision about 

whether to specify a certain amount of powder detergent or a unitized dose such as a tablet on 

consumer usage data, and cited an AC Nielson Homescan Panel study which found a trend 

towards monodose detergents from 2000 to 2011. According to these commenters, the study 

showed that dishwasher detergent usage was 14.5 percent monodose, 39 percent gel, and 46.5 

percent powder in 2000, which shifted to 53.5 percent monodose, 28.5 percent gel, and 18 

percent powder in 2011. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that a fixed detergent dose in the 

dishwasher test procedure would be more representative of consumer usage, less burdensome, 

and more accurate than the powder detergent dosage currently required, which can vary from test 

to test due to its complexity. AHAM and Whirlpool further commented that DOE may also 

consider consumer use of monodose tablets including rinse aid. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 10–11; 

BSH, No. 28 at pp. 7–8; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 94, 96–97; 

Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that DOE should consider whether the 

detergent should be a laboratory formulation or a formulation available on the market. (AHAM, 

No. 27 at p. 10; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 7–8; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) BSH proposed that DOE 

consider an IEC test detergent to eliminate variation due to manufacturing tolerances and 

formulation changes. (BSH, No. 28 at p. 8) In the interim, however, without a consumer use 

study, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support DOE‘s proposal to update the detergent requirement 

to the ―Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn‖ formulation powder detergent. 

AHAM and BSH commented, though, that DOE would need to consider how a phosphate-free 
98

detergent would affect energy and water use results. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 10; AHAM, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 93–94; BSH, No. 28 at p. 8; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

BSH noted that detergent dosing based on the preconditioning cycle with a clean load 

may not reflect the amount of water that would be used during a test cycle with a soiled load, and 

that the food load and soil sensors will affect each other. BSH also commented that the detergent 

can influence the sensor decision. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 94–96, 

99) 

DOE has determined to adopt the concentration specification for ―Cascade with the 

Grease Fighting Power of Dawn‖ rather than the other detergent dosing methods. A monodose 

detergent would result in the same amount of detergent being dispensed for every dishwasher, 

regardless of water consumption. This may skew test results for dishwashers with either high or 

low water consumption due to the changes in detergent concentration that could impact how 

easily soils are removed from the test load. A concentration-based detergent dosing ensures that 

the detergent concentration is similar from unit-to-unit. 

Additionally, DOE does not have any information indicating that this phosphate-free 

detergent would have any impact on energy and water use results. DOE notes that the detergent 

specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 has been unavailable for a number of years. DOE 

understands that manufacturers and third-party test laboratories have used ―Cascade with the 

Grease Fighting Power of Dawn‖ in its absence, with no apparent impact in the resulting energy 

and water consumption results. 
99

DOE acknowledges that the water consumption in the second preconditioning cycle with 

no soil load may be different from the water consumed during the test cycle. However, running a 

soiled load with no detergent to determine water consumption may also yield water 

consumptions different from the test cycle due to the lack of detergent and less-effective removal 

of soils from the test load. The method of basing detergent dosing on the preconditioning water 

consumptions helps to limit test burden for manufacturers and third-party test laboratories. 

Additionally, the requirement to run the preconditioning cycle on the same setting as the test 

cycles would likely lead to similar water consumptions for both preconditioning and testing. 

Therefore, DOE continues to include the concentration-based detergent calculation using 

the pre-wash and main wash water consumptions as measured during the second preconditioning 

cycle, and to update the detergent specification to ―Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of 

Dawn‖ for appendix C1 in today‘s final rule. DOE also amends appendix C to specify the 

detergent as ―Cascade with the Grease Fighting Power of Dawn‖ because the currently specified 

detergent is no longer available, thereby making such specification obsolete. 

4. Power Supply Requirements 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed that power be continuously supplied to the unit 

during testing, including after the preconditioning cycle and between all test cycles. 77 FR 

31444, 31452 (May 25, 2012). The August 2012 SNOPR updated the proposed continuous 

power supply requirement to also cover the second preconditioning test cycle proposed to ensure 

sensor calibration. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012). 
100

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that the requirement to maintain the power 

supply throughout testing would add test burden for manufacturers who know that their soil 

sensors do not lose calibration with an interruption in the power supply. The commenters 

suggested DOE add a note to the test procedure that some soil sensors may lose calibration, so 

that third-party test laboratories would be aware of this behavior, without including the 

requirement to maintain the power supply. This would allow manufacturers to avoid unnecessary 

test burden. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 7; BSH, No. 28 at p. 5; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

DOE understands that maintaining the power supply represents an increase in test burden 

for manufacturers of units whose soil sensors do not lose calibration. However, given the 

difficulty in determining whether a soil sensor is calibrated, DOE includes the continuous power 

supply requirement in appendix C1 to ensure consistent testing by either a manufacturer or a 

third-party laboratory. 

5. Updated Industry Standard 

In response to the May 2012 SNOPR, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that 

DOE should incorporate by reference the most recent versions of external test procedures, 

including ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2009 (or the latest version of DW-1 at the time DOE updates its 

incorporation by reference). These commenters stated that DOE would need to determine 

whether this change would result in changes to measured energy (resulting from a change in 

dishware, for example). AHAM and Whirlpool also noted that there are differences in the food 

soils specified, although Whirlpool characterized them as ―fairly subtle.‖ (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 
101

12–13; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 155–156; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; 

BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 156; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5; 

Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 156) 

In response to these comments, for the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to update 

the industry standard test reference in appendix C from ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 to DW-1-

2010. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support the proposal to update the industry 

standard reference to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, but noted they do not currently have data on 

the effect on energy use of changing to the updated version of the standard. These commenters 

stated that DOE must determine whether there would be changes to the measured energy use. 

(AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 7–8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3, Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at 

p. 1) 

The DOE dishwasher test procedure references certain sections of ANSI/AHAM DW-1 

related to soil preparation and application. Differences in other provisions such as the dishware 

specifications would not impact the measurement of energy and water use under the DOE test. 

When DOE compared the relevant sections of 1992 and 2010 versions of the standard, it 

identified the following differences: 

(1) The brand and product description for the coffee and preserves; 

(2) The preparation method for the eggs and cream corn; 
102

(3) The amount of reconstituted milk used in the potato mixture; 

(4) The grinding specifications for the ground beef; and 

(5) The order of soil application. 

DOE has not been presented with any data or information that would show that these 

differences would impact the results from the DOE dishwasher test procedure for specific 

dishwasher models. DOE also notes the uniform support from commenters to reference the most 

recent version of industry standards in its test procedures and observes that some test laboratories 

are already conducting dishwasher testing according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. Further, these 

amendments will not be required until the compliance date of new standards, which will be May 

30, 2013, unless the direct final rule is withdrawn. If manufacturers determine that the new DOE 

test procedure does not measure energy and water use that is representative for their products, 

they may submit to DOE a petition for waiver from the DOE test procedure to determine an 

appropriate method. For the reasons discussed above, DOE has decided to update the reference 

in its dishwasher test procedure at appendix C1 to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 in today‘s final 

rule.

6. Water Pressure 

As noted in the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE received comments in response to the May 

2012 SNOPR regarding transient water pressure drop when the water supply valve first opens. 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that laboratories interpret differently how and where 

the water pressure is measured and controlled. These commenters recommended that, for 

repeatability and reproducibility, DOE should specify that the water pressure drops to the 
103

required 35 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) ± 2.5 psig in no more than 2 seconds after the 

valve opens. According to AHAM, its members and independent laboratories indicated that this 

is the minimum length of time that they are capable of achieving. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 12; 

AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 137; BSH, No. 28 at p. 9; BSH, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 158; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) Samsung noted that the 

time for the transient pressure drop should be minimized so that it does not affect a water fill, 

since the fill time can be approximately 1 minute. (Samsung, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, 

No. 38 at pp. 139–140) According to Whirlpool, the height at which the pressure measurement is 

made affects the measurement, although not significantly. (Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 38 at p. 137) 

In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE acknowledged that transient pressure variations should 

be minimized for reasons of test stability and reproducibility, and, based on commenters‘ 

indication of laboratory capabilities, proposed that the specified pressure be achieved within 2 

seconds. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012). AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool 

supported this proposal, reiterating that the duration of the pressure drop should be limited to 

ensure that water is flowing into the dishwasher at the proper pressure and that AHAM‘s 

members indicated that 2 seconds is the minimum length of time their laboratories can achieve. 

(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3, Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) 

In consideration of these comments and for the reasons already noted, DOE adopts in 

today‘s final rule the requirement in the new dishwasher test procedure that the water pressure 

shall be achieved within 2 seconds of opening the water supply valve. DOE is not requiring the 
104

pressure to be measured at a particular location because DOE did not receive sufficient 

information regarding a representative position or the impact of pressure measurement position 

on the energy and water use results. 

7. Water Hardness 

DOE received comments in response to the May 2012 SNOPR and the August 2012 

SNOPR that DOE should add a water hardness specification to the dishwasher test procedure. 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung and Whirlpool commented that DOE should reference the water 

hardness specification in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 of 0 to 5 grains, or 0 to 85 ppm, to reduce 

test variation. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; AHAM, No. 35 at p. 10; BSH, No. 28 at p. 9; Samsung, 

No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) AHAM and Whirlpool further clarified that the 

American Water Works Association found this to be the normal range occurring in municipal 

water supplies, and Whirlpool stated that the water hardness specification was intended to reduce 

lab-to-lab test variation. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 148–150) Whirlpool later changed its recommendation 

for a water hardness requirement to a range of 0 to 2 grains, or 0 to 34 ppm, based on total 

hardness and not just calcium carbonate, to account for magnesium as well. According to 

Whirlpool, laboratories can control water hardness to this range with water softening systems. 

(Whirlpool, No. 34 at p. 2) UL commented that varying between soft and hard water could 

potentially impact test results. (UL, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 151) AHAM 

noted that in the process of developing an ENERGY STAR test method for dishwasher cleaning 

performance, DOE proposed to adopt the water hardness requirement in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-

1992. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 146–147) 
105

DOE proposed a water hardness requirement as part of the ENERGY STAR test method 

for evaluating dishwasher cleaning performance because it may have an impact on cleaning 

performance. However, DOE is not aware of data indicating how variations in water hardness 

may impact energy and water consumption under the DOE test procedure, and, therefore, is not 

adopting a water hardness requirement in the test procedure at this time. DOE may consider this 

topic in a future rulemaking if such data become available. 

8. Drain Height 

AHAM noted at the 2012 Public Meeting that the height of the dishwasher drain is not 

currently specified in the DOE test procedure, and that such a specification should be added to 

reduce testing variability. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool subsequently proposed in their 

comments on the May 2012 SNOPR that the drain height should be specified per the 

manufacturer installation instructions. In the absence of such instructions, these commenters 

recommended a drain height of 20 inches. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; AHAM, 2012 Public 

Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 141; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 8–9; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE agreed that the use of manufacturer‘s instructions for 

drain height, or a standard height in the absence of such information, would improve 

reproducibility of the test and proposed corresponding amendments to the dishwasher test 

procedure, including a standard drain height of 20 inches. 77 FR 49064, 49066 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool supported the proposed approach to require 

installation of the dishwasher with a drain height as specified in the manufacturer‘s instructions, 
106

and that in the absence of such instructions, the drain height should be a standard level of 20 

inches. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 

at p. 1) For reasons of test reproducibility and in the absence of comments objecting to this 

approach, DOE includes the drain height requirements in the new dishwasher test procedure in 

today‘s final rule according to the proposal in the August 2012 SNOPR. 

9. Test Load Specifications and Soiling Requirements, Including Obsolete Dishware and Food 

Items 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE observed that the requirement for soil-sensing 

dishwashers in the current DOE test procedure to soil a certain number of place settings, while 

leaving the remaining place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware in the test load unsoiled 

could be ambiguous because the test procedure does not define which items a ―place setting‖

comprises. Therefore, DOE proposed to amend section 2.7 of appendix C to specify the 

individual items in a place setting and to identify the serving pieces, as well as to clarify in 

section 2.6.3 of appendix C that the flatware that is part of a soiled place setting is to remain 

unsoiled. 77 FR 31444, 31453 (May 25, 2012). DOE maintained this proposal for the August 

2012 SNOPR. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that the test procedure was already clear 

in requiring that the flatware is not to be soiled, but did not object to the proposed clarification. 

(AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 7–8; BSH, No. 28 at p. 6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) DOE has therefore 

included these amendments to section 2.7 and 2.63 of the new dishwasher test procedure at 

appendix C1 in today‘s final rule. 
107

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also identified a number of test items, including the cup 

and saucer, salad fork, serving fork, and serving spoon, which are no longer available, thereby 

making such specifications obsolete. DOE noted that AHAM had submitted information 

providing alternative specifications for all flatware and serving pieces, which DOE proposed as 

amendments to the test load specifications in section 2.7 of appendix C. DOE also sought 

comment on alternative specifications for other obsolete test items, such as the cup and saucer. 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool noted the importance to manufacturers and third-party 

laboratories of identifying replacement test load items swiftly to run the test and certify 

compliance properly. AHAM and BSH supported DOE‘s proposal for replacements to obsolete 

flatware and serving pieces. AHAM and BSH noted, however, that although the cup and saucer 

are obsolete, alternatives may be available from the same source but with a new item number. 

These commenters also suggested that the bread and butter plate and fruit bowl may become 

obsolete. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 7–8; BSH, No. 28 at pp. 5–6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) 

In addition to comments on the obsolete test load items, DOE received comments on 

obsolete food items for the soil requirements. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that the 

margarine specified in the current dishwasher test procedure was no longer available, and 

proposed a replacement brand and product formulation even though it is not possible to 

determine if the replacement margarine would impact measured energy use. (AHAM, No. 27 at 

p. 8; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 101–102; BSH, No. 28 at p. 6; BSH, 

2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 102–103; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 

2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 103, 129) 
108

For the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE considered these comments, and based on these and 

additional research, proposed the items shown below in Table 1 as replacements for obsolete or 

nearly obsolete items. 77 FR 49064, 49065 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

Table 1 Proposed Specifications for Replacing Obsolete or Nearly Obsolete Items 

Item Obsolete or Potentially 

Obsolete Item

Proposed Item

Cup 8 oz. Ceramic Cup; Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle® 6014162; 

alternatively,

Arzberg 3824732100

0.20 liter Coffee Cup; Arzberg 

2000-00001-4732-1; 

alternatively,

Arzberg 3824732100

Saucer 6 inch Saucer; Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle® 6010972; 

alternatively,

Arzberg 3824731100

14 cm Saucer; Arzberg 2000-

00001-4731-1; alternatively,

Arzberg 3824731100

Bread and butter plate 6.75 inch Bread and Butter; 

Corning Comcor®/Corelle® 

6003887; alternatively,

Arzberg 8500217100

6.75 inch Bread and Butter; 

Corning Comcor®/Corelle® 

6003887; alternatively,

17 cm Bread and Butter; 

Arzberg 2000-00001-0217-1

Fruit bowl 10 oz. Dessert Bowl; Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle® 6003899; 

alternatively,

Arzberg 3820513100

10 oz. Dessert Bowl; Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle® 6003899; 

alternatively,

Arzberg 38205131001 or 

Arzberg 2000-00001-0615-1; 

Knife Oneida® Accent 2619KPVF Table Knife, WMF ―Gastro 

0800‖ 12.0803.6047

Dinner Fork Oneida® Accent 2619FRSF Dessert Fork, WMF ―Signum 

1900‖ 12.1905.6040

Salad Fork Oneida® Accent 2619FSLF Cake Fork, WMF ―Signum 

1900‖ 12.1964.6040

Teaspoon Oneida® Accent 2619STSF Coffee/Tea Spoon‖, WMF 

―Signum 1900‖ 12.1910.6040

Margarine Fleischmann‘s corn oil (6 g of 

fat per 14 g serving) not 

whipped

Fleischmann‘s Original stick 

margarine

Coffee Folgers, Decaffeinated Drip 

Grind

Folgers Classic Decaf
109

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support the proposed replacement items for the 

flatware, serving pieces, and food items, including the margarine and coffee. (AHAM, No. 35 at 

pp. 2–3; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Therefore, 

DOE adopts these replacement flatware, serving pieces, and food items in the amendments to 

appendix C procedure in today‘s final rule. DOE also includes these replacement items in the 

new dishwasher test procedure at appendix C1. 

For the dishware replacements, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool noted that, 

although the primary cups and saucers specified in the test procedure are obsolete, the alternate 

Arzberg items specified are still available, albeit with new product numbers. The alternate cup, 

Arzberg product number 3824732100, currently specified in the dishwasher test procedure is 

now designated as product number 1382 00001 4732. The alternate saucer, Arzberg product 

number 3824731100, currently specified in the dishwasher test procedure is now designated as 

product number 1382 00001 4731. Because the shapes of DOE‘s proposed replacement cup and 

saucer are different than for the existing alternate Arzberg cup saucer and it is not known how 

these differences could affect the test results, these commenters recommend not adopting DOE‘s 

proposal for the cup and saucer. Instead, they suggest that DOE designate the current alternate 

Arzberg cup saucer, identified by their new product numbers, as the primary items and not 

specify alternates. AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool further commented that DOE‘s 

proposed replacement cup and saucer could potentially be acceptable alternates, but 

manufacturers would first need to assess the impacts of such variables as the weight of the items 

and the ability of various rack designs to accommodate them. These commenters stated that it 

would be ideal for at least one option for the cup and saucer to be sourced from within the United 
110

States in order to minimize burden. (AHAM, No. 35 at pp. 3–4; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, 

No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) 

DOE has ascertained that the alternate cup and saucer currently specified in the DOE test 

procedure are available for purchase at this time under the different item numbers identified by 

commenters. Therefore, for consistency in the dishwasher test results, DOE amends the 

dishwasher test procedure in today‘s final rule to specify the current alternate Arzberg cup and 

saucer by their new product numbers as the alternate test load items. DOE reconsidered its 

proposal to eliminate the specifications for the obsolete Corning Comcor/Corelle cup and saucer, 

and instead retains these as the primary test load items so that manufacturers and testing 

laboratories may continue to use items they may already possess. DOE also includes these 

replacement item specifications in the new dishwasher test procedure at appendix C1. If DOE 

receives additional information regarding dishwasher energy and water consumption using the 

Arzberg replacement cup and saucer proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR, or other alternatives 

suggested by interested parties, DOE may consider updating the test procedure at that time so 

that additional options for the cup and saucer are available to manufacturers and testing 

laboratories. 

For the bread and butter plate, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed that the 

existing Corning Comcor/Corelle test item be retained. In addition, these commenters agreed 

with the proposed Arzberg replacement item, product number 2000 00001 0217 1, as an alternate 

item, but noted that it may actually be the redesignated product number for the existing Arzberg 

alternate bread and butter plate, product number 8500217100. These commenters recommend 
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that DOE list both product numbers as alternates in the dishwasher test procedure so that testing 

can continue until it is verified whether the products are the same. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 5; BSH, 

No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) 

DOE agrees with that the approach will minimize impact on manufacturers and testing 

laboratories, and adopts in today‘s final rule specifications for the two Arzberg bread and butter 

plate product numbers as allowable alternate test load items in appendix C and appendix C1. 

For the fruit bowl, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with DOE‘s proposal 

to retain the existing primary Corning Comcor/Corelle specification but objected to DOE‘s 

proposed Arzberg additional alternate specification. The commenters stated that the additional 

replacement fruit bowl is significantly larger than the existing fruit bowl, so there could be an 

impact on measured energy use due to the weight difference and ability for the bowl to fit into 

racks. However, the commenters did not provide a suggestion for a recommended replacement 

for the alternate fruit bowl. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 5; BSH, No. 36 at p. 2; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 

1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) 

DOE acknowledges that the impact of a fruit bowl that is larger than the item currently 

specified in the dishwasher test procedure is not known. Therefore, for consistency in the 

dishwasher test results, DOE does not adopt the proposed Arzberg replacement fruit bowl as an 

additional alternate test load item in today‘s final rule. DOE also reconsidered its proposal to 

eliminate the specifications for the obsolete Arzberg fruit bowl currently specified as the 

alternate item, and instead retains this product as an alternate test load item in both appendix C 
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and appendix C1 so that manufacturers and testing laboratories may continue to use items they 

may already possess. If DOE receives additional information regarding dishwasher energy and 

water consumption while using the Arzberg replacement fruit bowl proposed in the August 2012 

SNOPR, or another alternative suggested by interested parties, DOE may consider updating the 

test procedure at that time so that additional options for the fruit bowl are available to 

manufacturers and testing laboratories. 

In response to the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also received comments that DOE should 

clarify in the dishwasher test procedure the length of time that soils may sit or be stored before 

they are applied to the dishware. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that potatoes will get stiffer 

the longer they sit, and proposed that prepared potatoes should be used within 30 minutes of 

preparation. AHAM and Whirlpool also noted that oatmeal settles and thus proposed that it 

should be prepared and applied as specified in both ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and 

ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010; i.e., the oatmeal should stand for 1 minute after preparation and then 

be used immediately. Whirlpool noted that the length of time that the prepared oatmeal sits could 

cause variability in the test procedure. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool additionally recommended 

that the reconstituted milk should be allowed to be stored for use over the course of a day, and 

that the prepared one-pound packages of beef be allowed to be stored in a freezer for up to 6 

months to minimize variability in the test procedure. (AHAM, No. 27 at pp. 8–9; BSH, No. 28 at 

p. 6; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 128) 

In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to amend the dishwasher test procedure to 

require the potatoes to be used within 30 minutes of preparation and the reconstituted milk be 
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allowed to be stored for use over the course of 1 day, as recommended by commenters. DOE‘s 

proposal also included provisions for reconstituting the milk. DOE additionally proposed to 

adopt the commenters‘ recommendation that the 1-pound packages of ground beef shall be 

stored frozen for no more than 6 months. DOE determined that the instructions contained within 

the referenced sections of both versions of ANSI/AHAM DW-1 pertaining to soil preparation 

and application, which are or were proposed to be referenced in appendix C, are sufficiently 

clear in requiring the prepared oatmeal to sit no longer than 1 minute before using. Therefore, 

DOE did not propose any clarifications in the August 2012 SNOPR for the oatmeal preparation. 

77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool support DOE‘s proposed clarifications to the soil 

preparation and storage requirements for potatoes, reconstituted milk, and ground beef, even 

though these commenters added that manufacturer‘s instructions for reconstituting the milk 

could change. The commenters also reiterated their recommendation that the dishwasher test 

procedure specifically require that the oatmeal be prepared and used consistent with 

ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and 2009. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 9; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, 

No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) Viking commented that it was aware of outside 

laboratories that do not put water into the milk formulation directly and measure dry milk into 

the oatmeal mixture. (Viking, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 133) 

For the reasons stated above, and consideration of comments expressing support, DOE is 

revising the soil preparation and storage provisions for potatoes, reconstituted milk, and ground 

beef for the new dishwasher test procedure in today‘s final rule as proposed in the August 2012 
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SNOPR. DOE also clarifies in appendix C1 that the nonfat dry milk shall be reconstituted with 

water before mixing with the oatmeal and potatoes. DOE notes that the referenced section 5.5 of 

ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 pertaining to soil preparation explicitly requires that the oatmeal 

mixture be allowed to stand for 1 minute after mixing, then used immediately. Thus the 

instructions the commenters seek regarding the use of the oatmeal mixture are incorporated by 

reference in today‘s new dishwasher test procedure without requiring additional clarification. 

AHAM commented that there have been some questions about the use of a brush versus a 

spatula for soiling the dishes because ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 references utensils, but does not 

provide specific details beyond the order of the soil application. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript, No. 38 at p. 127) In today‘s final rule, DOE updates the industry test method in 

appendix C1 from the previous ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. DOE 

notes that the newer version of this standard includes clarification as to which soils should be 

spread with a spatula or brush. 

BSH and Whirlpool commented that DOE should harmonize these changes with the 

Canadian test method because Canada may have different interpretations than DOE. (BSH, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 107; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 

at p. 107) 

DOE is aware of the Canadian test procedure, which is similar to the DOE test procedure 

in appendix C. To DOE‘s knowledge, the proposed substitutions and soiling times represent an 

industry consensus on these issues, and therefore are appropriate additions to the DOE test 
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procedure regardless of the Canadian interpretation. Additionally, the substitute materials 

available in the United States may differ from those available in Canada. As a result, DOE has 

included the proposed substitutions and soiling times in today‘s amendments. 

10. Rack Position and Loading 

DOE received comments in response to the May 2012 SNOPR which indicated that the 

rack position and loading pattern for the test load should be specified in the dishwasher test 

procedure. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool stated that the position of the upper rack can affect 

water pressure during a test, which BSH and Whirlpool felt could influence the rate at which 

food soils fall off the test load and the turbidity sensor decisions. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool 

recommended that for the energy test, the upper rack should be in the position recommended by 

the manufacturer, or, in the absence of such a recommendation, in the as-shipped position to 

reduce potential test variation. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 11; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting 

Transcript; No. 38 at pp. 141–142; BSH, No. 28 at p. 9; BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript; 

No. 38 at pp. 143–144; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1; Whirlpool, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, 

No. 38 at p. 145) Intertek stated that it tests dishwashers with the rack in the as-shipped position, 

while UL commented that it tests according to the manufacturer instructions. (Intertek, 2012 

Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 146; UL, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 

151) According to BSH, rack position varies from product-to-product. Different platforms may 

have the same as-shipped position for the racks, yet have different manufacturer 

recommendations in the user manuals. (BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 144) 

Furthermore, AHAM stated that the as-shipped position of the rack for a particular model may 

not always be the same. (AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 143) 
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AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that it is difficult to standardize loading 

patterns due to varying rack designs. These commenters stated DOE should require a loading 

pattern according to the manufacturer‘s recommendation. The commenters further stated that the 

unsoiled dishes should be loaded first to settle the loading arrangement, and then the appropriate 

number of unsoiled dishes should be replaced with soiled ones in an alternating pattern, avoiding 

placing all soiled dishes in one grouped area or in the corners of the racks. AHAM, BSH, and 

Whirlpool pointed out that this method is similar to what DOE proposed in its first draft 

performance test procedure for ENERGY STAR. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 9; BSH, No. 28 at p. 7; 

Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed amendments to the dishwasher test 

procedure that would require adjusting the rack position according to the manufacturer 

recommendations and loading the soiled dishes according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-

2010, which specifies loading the dishware in accordance with manufacturer‘s recommendation, 

following the loading pattern provided in the manufacturer‘s use and care guide, without nesting 

the dishware or flatware. DOE concluded that these proposed amendments would improve test 

repeatability and reproducibility. 77 FR 49064, 49066–67 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool supported the requirement that the rack be 

positioned according to manufacturer recommendations for washing a full load of normally 

soiled dishes. But they further recommended that DOE specify that, in the absence of a 

manufacturer recommendation regarding rack position for the normal cycle, the rack shall be 
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positioned in the as-shipped position. (AHAM, No. 35 at p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, 

No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) DOE notes that, although AHAM had also indicated in 

response to the May 2012 SNOPR that the as-shipped position may vary for a particular model, 

it is likely that in such instances, manufacturers would provide instructions as to the appropriate 

rack placement during operation. Furthermore, it is likely that a dishwasher that does not provide 

instructions regarding rack position would be shipped with the rack in a position suitable for 

washing a full load of normally soiled dishes. Therefore, to provide clarity to testing laboratories 

regarding rack position for both situations, DOE adopts in today‘s final rule for appendix C1 the 

instructions to install the dishwasher with the rack positioned according to manufacturer 

instructions for washing a full load of normally soiled dishes, and that in the absence of such 

instructions, the rack shall be maintained in the as-shipped position. 

AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool reiterated that dish loading is a potential source 

for variation, and that it is difficult to achieve standardization of loading patterns because rack 

designs vary. The commenters also noted that DOE did not propose specifications for how the 

soiled items are to be distributed when loaded (i.e., all positioned together or alternating with the 

unsoiled items.) Thus, AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool recommend a loading pattern 

according to the manufacturer‘s recommended loading pattern, with addition specification that 

the unsoiled dishes be loaded first to settle the loading arrangement, and then the appropriate 

number of unsoiled dishes be replaced with soiled ones with soiled and unsoiled dishes 

alternating. The commenters would further recommend that testers should avoid placing all 

soiled dishes in one grouped area or in the corners of the racks. AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and 

Whirlpool again noted these instructions would be similar to those proposed in the first draft 
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ENERGY STAR test method for dishwasher performance, and they encouraged DOE to 

harmonize the loading requirements in appendix C and the future ENERGY STAR test method. 

(AHAM, No. 35 at p. 10; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 31 at p. 

1) 

DOE is not aware of, nor did commenters provide, data indicating whether the loading 

arrangement of dishes may impact the measured energy and water consumption of a particular 

dishwasher, but notes that the loading requirements proposed in the August 2012 SNOPR, which 

reference section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 and accordingly its requirement to follow the 

manufacturer‘s instructions, do not generally preclude testing using an alternating loading pattern 

of soiled and clean dishware. However, some manufacturer‘s instructions could conflict with 

specific requirements for the location of the soiled items. For example, the manufacturer may 

recommend that the most heavily soiled items be placed in a certain location on the rack, which 

would conflict with the instructions to alternate soiled and clean items. For these reasons, DOE is 

not adding in today‘s final rule any additional loading instructions in the dishwasher test 

procedure beyond those specified in section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. 

11. Rinse Aid Container 

The dishwasher test procedure precludes the use of rinse aid during testing, including 

preconditioning. However, AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented in response to the May 

2012 SNOPR that some third-party laboratories fill the rinse aid container before the starting the 

energy test cycle, presumably to prevent an indicator light from turning on during the test. These 

commenters believe that DOE should clarify that the rinse aid container should not be filled with 
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water. According to BSH, the added water creates a thermal mass that must be heated when the 

dishwasher is operated, which would result in higher energy use. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool 

stated that if the indicator light does turn on, its energy use should be measured. (AHAM, No. 27 

at p. 11; AHAM, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at pp. 135–136; BSH, No. 28 at p. 8; 

BSH, 2012 Public Meeting Transcript, No. 38 at p. 136; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

DOE agreed with commenters, and for reasons of consistency in testing, proposed in the 

August 2012 SNOPR amendments to the dishwasher test procedure that would clarify that the 

rinse aid container should not be filled with water for energy testing. 77 FR 49064, 49067 (Aug. 

15, 2012). AHAM, BSH, Samsung, and Whirlpool agreed with this proposal. (AHAM, No. 35 at 

p. 8; BSH, No. 36 at p. 3; Samsung, No. 33 at p. 1; Whirlpool, No. 32 at p. 1) DOE adopts in 

today‘s final rule this provision for the new dishwasher test procedure to ensure reproducibility 

of results. 

12. Technical Corrections 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE noted that in sections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 of the current 

dishwasher test procedure, water energy consumption is calculated as specified for both non-soilsensing and soil-sensing dishwashers using electrically heated water ―[f]or the normal and 

truncated normal test cycle.‖ Because the normal and truncated normal test cycles do not apply 

to soil-sensing dishwashers, DOE proposed to remove this qualification in newly designated 

sections 5.5.1.1 and 5.5.2.1. Similarly, in sections 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 of the current dishwasher test 

procedure, water energy consumption is calculated as specified for both non-soil-sensing and 

soil-sensing dishwashers using gas-heated or oil-heated water ―[f]or each test cycle.‖ Because for 
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soil-sensing dishwashers the calculation is applied to a single weighted-average water 

consumption measured over the sensor heavy response, sensor medium response, and sensor 

light response cycles, this qualification may cause confusion. Therefore, DOE proposed to 

remove this qualification in newly designated sections 5.6.1.1 and 5.6.2.1. DOE also proposed to 

correct references to the water consumption values used in the calculation of water energy 

consumption in these sections of the dishwasher test procedure, so that separate references are 

provided for non-soil-sensing and soil-sensing dishwashers. 77 FR 31444, 31454 (May 25, 

2012). 

In addition, DOE stated in the May 2012 SNOPR that, due to a transcription error in 

publication, the September 2011 SNOPR erroneously specified in the regulatory text for the 

proposed dishwasher test procedure amendments the calculation of estimated annual operating 

cost for dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle which operate at 50 °F inlet water 

temperature. Specifically, the calculation proposed in 10 CFR 430.23(c)(1)(i)(B) contained 

extraneous variables ―B‖ and ―V.‖ DOE proposed, therefore, in the May 2012 SNOPR to remove 

these extraneous variables to correct the calculation. 77 FR 31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012).DOE 

maintained these proposals in the August 2012 SNOPR. 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool commented that they did not oppose these two technical 

corrections to the dishwasher test procedure. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; 

Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) For the reasons explained above, DOE adopts in today‘s final rule the 

corrections to water energy consumption provisions in both the new and currently applicable 
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dishwasher test procedures. DOE also adopts the corrected calculation described above in its 

amendments to 10 CFR 430.23(c). 

Whirlpool commented that DOE should revise its proposal in the May 2012 SNOPR for 

section 4.1.2 in the dishwasher test procedure to specify that VWSavg is defined as the average of 

VWS,1 and VWS,2. (Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) These variables represent the water consumption 

measured during test cycles performed to determine the water use associated with water softener 

regeneration. In the initial portion of the test, two test cycles are run, and the water consumption 

measured for each (VWS,1 and VWS,2) are compared. If the difference in water consumption 

between the two cycles is greater than 10 percent, the cycle in which the larger water use 

occurred is deemed to contain a water softener regeneration event. The water consumption 

associated with a cycle containing a water softener regeneration event (VWSmax) is, under these 

conditions, the larger of VWS,1 and VWS,2. The smaller of VWS,1 and VWS,2 would be deemed to 

represent a typical non-water softener regeneration cycle, denoted by VWSavg. DOE proposed this 

terminology because, if a water softener regeneration event doesn‘t occur in the first two test 

cycles, additional cycles are run, with the water consumption for each new cycle being compared 

to the average of water consumptions for the previous cycles. Averaging the water consumptions 

for the non-water softener regeneration cycles would decrease variation in the test procedure 

results. Because VWSavg represents a typical non-water softener regeneration cycle, not a 

numerical average of VWS,1 and VWS,2, DOE did not alter its proposal for the August 2012 

SNOPR as Whirlpool suggested, nor is it adopting such a revision to the provisions in the new 

dishwasher test procedure established in today‘s final rule because the water consumption for 

water softener regeneration shall be a value reported by the manufacturer. 
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 In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE inadvertently proposed in section 4.4.2 of the dishwasher 

test procedure language that refers to section 1.11 of the test procedure. DOE corrected that 

proposal in the August 2012 SNOPR to properly refer to section 1.13. DOE includes section 

4.2.2 of appendix C1 in today‘s final rule according to the August 2012 SNOPR. 

I. Incorporation by Reference of an Updated AHAM Dehumidifier Test Procedure 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed updating the dehumidifier test procedure to 

clarify which version of the AHAM test method ―Dehumidifiers‖ (DH-1) should be used for 

testing. DOE evaluated both DH-1-1992 and DH-1-2008, and concluded that both versions 

would produce comparable results for the DOE dehumidifier test procedure. However, DOE 

proposed referencing the newer version, DH-1-2008, for both the capacity and EF measurements 

because it provides additional clarity and specificity that may improve test accuracy, 

repeatability, and reproducibility. DOE also proposed removing the reference to the ENERGY 

STAR qualification criteria for determining EF, given that the EF methodology is included in 

DH-1-2008. 77 FR 31444, 31453–54 (May 25, 2012). DOE maintained this proposal for the 

August 2012 SNOPR. 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support DOE's proposal to incorporate by reference 

ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 for the measurement of capacity and EF, and the calculation of IEF, in 

its dehumidifier test procedure. The commenters stated that clarity and consistency for regulated 

parties is critical so that all regulated and other parties (e.g., third-party laboratories, DOE, EPA) 

are testing per the same test procedure; therefore, they believe it is important that DOE clarify 
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which version of DH-1 it intends to reference in its test procedure. AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool 

commented that, to their knowledge, there is no difference in the measured energy between 

versions of DH-1, but each version contains important technical improvements and clarifications, 

making the most current version of the standard the best one to reference. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 

13; BSH, No. 28 at p. 10; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

In consideration of this support and for the reasons previously stated, DOE incorporates 

by reference ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 in appendix X1 as the test method for determining 

capacity and EF. DOE also does not include in appendix X1 the previous reference to the 

ENERGY STAR qualification criteria for determining EF. 

J. Removal of Obsolete Measures of Gas Pilot Light Energy Consumption in the Conventional 

Cooking Products Test Procedure and of Energy Factor Calculations for Dishwashers 

The energy conservation standards for cooking products require that gas cooking 

products manufactured on or after April 9, 2012, shall not be equipped with a constant-burning 

pilot light. 10 CFR 430.32(j). In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed removing the 

provisions for measuring the energy consumption of constant-burning pilot lights from the 

conventional cooking products test procedures. 77 FR 31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool support removing the constant-burning pilot light 

provisions from the conventional cooking products test procedures. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 13; 

BSH, No. 28 at p. 11; Whirlpool, No. 26 at pp. 1, 5) Given this support and the obsolescence of 

constant-burning pilot lights, today‘s amendments remove the standing pilot light provisions 
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from the test procedures for conventional cooking products. Specifically, today‘s final rule 

removes the following existing sections in 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix I: 

Section 2.9.2.2 (―Flow meter‖); 

Section 3.1.1.2 (―Continuously burning pilot lights of a conventional gas oven‖); 

Section 3.1.2.1 (―Continuously burning pilot lights of a conventional gas cooking top‖); 

Section 3.2.1.3 (―Gas consumption of continuously burning pilot lights‖ [for 

conventional gas ovens]); 

Section 3.2.2.1 (―Gas consumption of continuously burning pilot lights‖ [for 

conventional gas cooking tops]); 

Section 3.3.7 (recording the gas flow rate or gas consumption and elapsed time for a 

continuously burning pilot light of a conventional gas oven); 

Section 3.3.10 (recording the gas flow rate or gas consumption and elapsed time for a 

continuously burning pilot light of a conventional gas cooking top); 

Section 4.1.2.2 (―Annual energy consumption of any continuously burning pilot lights‖ 

[for conventional gas ovens]); and 

Section 4.2.2.2.2 (―Annual energy consumption of any continuously burning gas pilots‖

[for conventional gas cooking tops]). 

Today‘s final rule also modifies (and renumbers where appropriate) the following 

existing sections in appendix I to eliminate the measures of energy use relating to gas pilot lights: 

Section 1.7 (―Normal nonoperating temperature‖); 

Section 1.14 (―Symbol usage‖); 

Section 2.9.2.1 (―Positive displacement meters‖); 
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Section 3.1.1 ―Conventional oven‖); 

Section 3.1.1.1 (―Self-cleaning operation of a conventional oven‖); 

Section 3.1.2 (―Conventional cooking top‖); 

Section 4.1.2.5.2 (―Conventional gas oven energy consumption‖); 

Section 4.1.2.6.2 (―Conventional gas oven energy consumption‖ [for multiple 

conventional gas ovens‖]); 

Section 4.2.1.2 (―Gas surface unit cooking efficiency‖); and 

Section 4.2.2.2.3 (―Total annual energy consumption of a conventional gas cooking top‖). 

In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE also proposed to eliminate the calculation of energy 

factor for dishwashers in 10 CFR 430.23 because this metric is no longer used in DOE‘s energy 

conservation standards for dishwashers or to make representations of energy efficiency. 77 FR 

31444, 31455 (May 25, 2012). DOE did not receive any comments on this proposal, and amends 

10 CFR 430.23 in today‘s final rule to eliminate the energy factor calculation. 

K. Compliance With Other EPCA Requirements 

1. Test Burden 

 EPCA requires that any test procedures prescribed or amended under this section be 

reasonably designed to produce test results which measure energy efficiency, energy use or 

estimated annual operating cost of a covered product during a representative average use cycle or 

period of use and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) 

In the December 2010 NOPR, DOE noted that the proposed amendments to the 
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residential dishwasher, dehumidifier, and conventional cooking products test procedures would 

incorporate a test standard that is accepted internationally for measuring power consumption in 

standby mode and off mode (IEC Standard 62301). DOE analyzed the available versions of IEC 

Standard 62301 at that time—IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition), IEC Standard 62301 (CDV), 

and IEC Standard 62301 (FDIS)—and determined that the proposed amendments to the 

residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products test procedures would

produce standby mode and off mode average power consumption measurements representative 

of an average use cycle. DOE also determined that the test methods and equipment that the 

amendments would require for measuring standby mode and off mode power in these products 

would not be substantially different from the test methods and equipment required in the current 

DOE tests. Thus, DOE tentatively concluded that the proposed test procedure amendments 

would not require manufacturers to make significant investments in test facilities and new 

equipment. In sum, DOE tentatively concluded in the December 2010 NOPR that the amended 

test procedures would produce test results that measure the standby mode and off mode power 

consumption during representative use, and that the test procedures would not be unduly 

burdensome to conduct. 75 FR 75290, 75316 (Dec. 2, 2010). 

 The September 2011 SNOPR proposed amendments to the DOE test procedures based on 

an updated version of IEC Standard 62301, IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition), which has 

been the subject of significant review and input from interested parties and, thus, continues to be 

an internationally accepted test standard for measuring standby mode and off mode power 

consumption. As discussed in the September 2011 SNOPR, the provisions of IEC Standard 

62301 (Second Edition) that DOE proposed to incorporate by reference provide a means to 
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measure power consumption with greater accuracy and repeatability than the provisions from 

IEC Standard 62301 (First Edition) that were originally proposed in the December 2010 NOPR. 

For this reason, DOE tentatively concluded that the amendments proposed in the September 

2011 SNOPR would also provide measurements representative of average consumer use of the 

product under test. DOE further determined that these new provisions in the applicable sections 

of IEC Standard 62301 (Second Edition) would improve test results without undue testing 

burden. DOE acknowledged in the September 2011 SNOPR that certain methods from IEC 

Standard 62301 (Second Edition) may increase test duration, but where such an increase was 

deemed excessive (i.e., for products with clocks that can vary in power consumption as a 

function of time displayed), DOE retained the method previously proposed to mitigate test 

burden. The potential for increased test burden in other power consumption measurements is 

offset by more reasonable requirements for testing equipment, while maintaining measurement 

accuracy deemed acceptable and practical by voting members for IEC Standard 62301 (Second 

Edition). Thus, DOE tentatively concluded that the amended test procedures proposed in the 

September 2011 SNOPR would produce test results that measure the standby mode and off mode 

power consumption during representative use, and that the test procedures would not be unduly 

burdensome to conduct. 76 FR 58346, 58354 (Sep. 20, 2011). 

 In the May 2012 SNOPR, DOE proposed to measure energy use in fan-only mode for 

dishwashers and conventional cooking products as a continuation of the active mode cycle, 

which would require more stringent specifications for the watt-hour meters than currently

specified in the dishwasher and conventional cooking products test procedures. By not requiring 

a separate cycle to be run, the proposed approach would minimize test burden associated with the 
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measurement of fan-only mode. The May 2012 SNOPR also proposed amendments to 

incorporate the energy and water use associated with dishwasher water softener regeneration. 

Manufacturers would need to run up to an additional ten cycles to ensure that a regeneration 

process is captured. DOE based this proposal on the information supplied by manufacturers that, 

on average, water-softening dishwashers regenerate approximately once every six cycles. To 

minimize test burden, particularly for soil-sensing dishwashers, DOE proposed in the May 2012 

SNOPR that these cycles would be run with no test load, since DOE believes that a substantial 

part of the burden for the existing test procedure is incurred by the preparation and application of 

soils to the dishware. 77 FR 31444, 31447–51 (May 25, 2012). 

 The May 2012 SNOPR‘s proposal to reference AHAM DH-1-2008 in the dehumidifier 

test procedure would, according to DOE‘s estimates, require more accurate measurement 

equipment that would cost approximately $500. DOE also noted in the May 2012 SNOPR that 

the proposed test room requirements could require the use of a larger test chamber than is 

specified under the current test procedure, and could also require different air handling 

equipment. DOE noted that many test laboratories may already be using AHAM DH-1-2008 and,

thus, may already meet these requirements. In addition, for those laboratories that are recording 

data manually, the more frequent data recording events in DOE‘s proposal could result in three 

times the data recording events than are currently required. Because only four parameters are 

recorded for each event, however, DOE estimated in the May 2012 SNOPR that the total 

increase in operator time would be less than 1 hour. 77 FR 31444, 31453–54 (May 25, 2012). 

 In the August 2012 SNOPR, DOE noted that the replacement items proposed were 
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intended to be inexpensive, representative of commonly-found items, and in some cases already 

used by manufacturers in testing dishwashers. In addition, DOE proposed a definition of normal 

cycle for dishwashers supported by manufacturers because it will lead to consistent, 

representative results. The updated industry test method for dishwashers was also supported by 

manufactures because it will lead to, among other things, reduced test variation, as would the 

proposals for consistent preparation time for the soils used in the test procedure, the positioning 

of the dishwasher rack during testing, the method of loading, the tighter tolerances on ambient 

temperature, the added specifications for water pressure measurement and drain height, and the 

clarifications for the rinse aid container. Finally, DOE proposed an alternative method of 

measuring the energy use in fan-only mode for dishwashers and cooking products that could 

significantly decrease overall testing time. 77 FR 49064, 49065–67 (Aug. 15, 2012). 

AHAM, BSH, and Whirlpool estimated the test burden associated with the proposed 

water softener regeneration test method for the dishwasher test procedure to be 20 to 30 

additional test hours. (AHAM, No. 27 at p. 4; BSH, No. 28 at p. 2; Whirlpool, No. 26 at p. 1) 

DOE considered manufacturer test burden when it evaluated comments on its proposed 

methodology for measuring energy and water use due to water softener regeneration, and 

acknowledges that the proposal would add burden by requiring up to an additional 10 dishwasher 

washing and drying cycles, compared to either one or three washing and drying cycles and one 

preconditioning cycle currently required in the test procedure. As discussed in section III.F.3, 

DOE is not adopting the proposed testing methodology in today‘s final rule due to this burden, 

Instead, DOE includes in the new dishwasher test procedure measures of energy and water 
130

consumption for water softener regeneration using manufacturer-reported values for the energy 

and water use for each regeneration cycle and the number of annual regeneration cycles. 

DOE additionally discusses in section IV.B of this notice comments received regarding 

the investments that manufacturers may incur due to today‘s final rule and DOE‘s determination 

that they do not represent significant burden. Therefore, for the reasons discussed above, DOE 

concludes that the new and amended test procedures for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and 

conventional cooking products will produce test results that measure the active mode, standby 

mode, and off mode power consumption during representative use, and that the test procedures 

will not be unduly burdensome to conduct. 

2. Certification Requirements 

As codified at 42 U.S.C. 6299, et seq., EPCA authorizes DOE to enforce compliance with 

the energy and water conservation standards established for covered consumer products. On 

March 7, 2011, the Department published a final rule in the Federal Register, which revised, 

consolidated, and streamlined its existing certification, compliance, and enforcement regulations 

for covered consumer products, including dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking 

products. 76 FR 12422.18 The certification regulations are codified at 10 CFR 429.19 

(dishwashers), 10 CFR 429.23 (conventional cooking tops, conventional ovens, microwave 

ovens), and 10 CFR 429.36 (dehumidifiers). 

The certification requirements for each of the products covered in today‘s final rule 

consist of a sampling plan for selection of units for testing and requirements for certification 

 

18 Certification requirements for industrial equipment are also included in these regulations. 
131

reports. AHAM commented that no revisions would be required for current standards for 

dehumidifiers and conventional cooking products, so that no changes are necessary for the 

reporting requirements for these products. AHAM also supported DOE‘s proposed changes to 

the sampling plan for dehumidifiers and conventional cooking products. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3) 

Because the amendments and new provisions adopted for dehumidifiers and conventional 

cooking products test procedures will not revise the current energy conservation standards, DOE 

is not proposing any amendments to the certification reporting requirements for these products. 

However, because DOE in today‘s final rule introduces a new metric (IEF) for both conventional 

cooking products and dehumidifiers, DOE additionally amends provisions in the sampling plan 

at 10 CFR 429.23 and 10 CFR 429.36 that include IEF along with the existing measure of EF. 

AHAM stated that the measured energy use for dishwashers will be affected by the 

amendments to the dishwasher test procedure. For example, cycle finished mode energy use is 

not currently measured, but will required to be included under the amended test procedure. 

AHAM commented that DOE should amend the reporting requirements to account for the 

change. (AHAM, No. 20 at p. 3) No such amendments are adopted for residential dishwashers in 

today‘s final rule because DOE is not adding any new energy efficiency metric for these 

products. DOE is, though, amending in today‘s final rule the reporting requirements in 10 CFR 

429.19 for dishwashers to specify that manufacturers submit with their certification reports: (1) 

the cycle selected for the energy test; (2) whether the cycle selected for the energy test is soilsensing; (3) the options selected for the energy test; and (4) whether the dishwasher has a built-in 

water softening system, and if yes, the energy and water use required for each regeneration of the 
132

water softening system, the number of regeneration cycles per year, and data and calculations 

used to derive these values. 

IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review 

A. Review Under Executive Order 12866 

 The Office of Management and Budget has determined that test procedure rulemakings 

do not constitute ―significant regulatory actions‖ under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866, 

Regulatory Planning and Review, 58 FR 51735 (Oct. 4, 1993). Accordingly, this action was not 

subject to review under the Executive Order by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs 

(OIRA) in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). 

B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act 

The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires preparation of a regulatory 

flexibility analysis for any rule that by law must be proposed for public comment, unless the 

agency certifies that the rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact on a 

substantial number of small entities. As required by Executive Order 13272, ―Proper 

Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking,‖ 67 FR 53461 (Aug. 16, 2002), DOE 

published procedures and policies on February 19, 2003, to ensure that the potential impacts of 

its rules on small entities are properly considered during the DOE rulemaking process. 68 FR 

7990. DOE has made its procedures and policies available on the Office of the General 

Counsel‘s website: www.gc.doe.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. 

 DOE reviewed today‘s final rule under the provisions of the Regulatory Flexibility Act 

and the procedures and policies published on February 19, 2003. DOE has concluded that the 
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rule would not have a significant impact on a substantial number of small entities. The factual 

basis for this certification is as follows: 

 The Small Business Administration (SBA) considers a business entity to be small 

business, if, together with its affiliates, it employs less than a threshold number of workers 

specified in 13 CFR part 121. These size standards and codes are established by the North 

American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The threshold number for NAICS 

classification code 335228, ―Other Major Household Appliance Manufacturing,‖ which applies 

to residential dishwasher manufacturers, is 500 employees. The threshold number for NAICS 

classification code 335221, ―Household Cooking Appliance Manufacturing,‖ which applies to 

manufacturers of residential conventional cooking products, is 750 employees. The threshold 

number for NAICS classification code 335211, ―Electric Housewares and Household Fan 

Manufacturing,‖ which applies to dehumidifier manufacturers, is 750 employees. 

 Most of the manufacturers supplying residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and/or 

conventional cooking products are large multinational corporations. DOE surveyed the AHAM 

member directory to identify manufacturers of residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers and 

conventional cooking products. DOE then consulted publicly-available data, purchased company 

reports from vendors such as Dun and Bradstreet, and contacted manufacturers, where needed, to 

determine if they meet the SBA‘s definition of a ―small business manufacturing facility‖ and 

have their manufacturing facilities located within the United States. Based on this analysis, DOE 

identified no small businesses that manufacture dishwashers, five small businesses that 
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manufacture dehumidifiers, and two small businesses that manufacture conventional cooking 

products. 

Today‘s final rule amends DOE‘s test procedures for dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and 

cooking products. Because DOE is unaware of any small businesses that manufacture 

dishwashers, there are no impacts on such manufacturers due to the amendments to DOE‘s 

dishwasher test procedure. 

 Today‘s rule amends DOE‘s test procedures for dehumidifiers and conventional cooking 

products by incorporating testing provisions to address standby mode and off mode energy use in 

these products, as well as cooking products fan-only mode energy consumption. The test 

procedure amendments involve measuring power input when the product is in standby mode or 

off mode, as well as fan-only mode for a conventional cooking product. These tests can be 

conducted in the same facilities used for the current energy testing of these products, so there are 

no additional facilities costs required by this final rule. In addition, while the watt-hour meter 

required for these tests might require greater accuracy than the watt-hour meter used for current 

energy testing, the investment required for a possible instrumentation upgrade would likely be 

relatively modest. It is possible that the manufacturers, or their testing facilities, already have 

equipment that meets the more stringent meter requirements, but an Internet search of equipment 

that specifically meets the requirements reveals a cost of approximately $2,000. 

 Whirlpool stated that the equipment necessary to meet the requirements of IEC Standard 

62301 (Second Edition) for measuring airflow and harmonics either does not exist or does not 
135

exist in sufficient accuracy or quantity. Whirlpool estimated that the cost to its company of such 

equipment would be up to $48,000, and that the cost for test equipment upgrades for the 

harmonics measurement alone would be $10,000. (Whirlpool, No.21 at p. 3; Whirlpool, No. 26 

at p. 6) Although Whirlpool‘s estimates are higher than DOE‘s, DOE recognizes that a large 

manufacturer may require multiple meters to equip its testing facilities, and that a small business 

would likely require investments in the range of DOE‘s estimates. 

 Today‘s final rule also updates the industry test method for dehumidifiers in new 

appendix X1. As discussed in III.K.1, this update could impose on manufacturers a cost for new 

measurement equipment of approximately $500, as well as potentially increasing operator time 

by less than 1 hour over the course of a 24-hour test. 

 The costs described above are small compared to the overall financial investment needed 

to undertake the business enterprise of testing consumer products which involves facilities, 

qualified staff, and specialized equipment. Based on its review of industry data,19 DOE estimates 

that the small dehumidifier and cooking product businesses have annual revenues of $10 million 

to $60 million. 

 

 DOE recognizes that the updated reference to the industry dehumidifier test method could 

potentially require manufacturers to install a larger test chamber and different air handling 

equipment. However, some manufacturers may already be using ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 in 

certifying their products. DOE notes that one of the small businesses has products listed in 

 

19 Annual revenue estimates based on financial reports obtained from Hoover‘s Inc., available online at 

www.hoovers.com. 
136

AHAM‘s current dehumidifier certification database, indicating that those tests were conducted 

according to DH-1-2008. In addition, AHAM selected an independent test laboratory to conduct 

dehumidifier testing and verification using DH-1-2008. It is likely that testing that this laboratory 

performs for manufacturers to determine compliance with energy conservation standards would 

be conducted in the same facility. Therefore, DOE concludes that small businesses would not be 

likely to require investments in facility upgrades due to the new dehumidifier test procedure that 

references DH-1-2008. 

Furthermore, DOE adopts in today‘s final rule amendments that limit the duration of the 

fan-only mode testing for conventional ovens and conventional ranges to minimize test burden. 

Under today‘s final rule, the energy use in fan-only mode is measured for 10 minutes, and then 

extrapolated over the duration of the fan-mode. DOE estimates that the total time currently 

required for conventional oven testing (or for testing the conventional oven portion of a range) to 

be approximately 4 hours for products not equipped with the capability for forced convection or 

self-cleaning, with an additional 3 hours required for testing forced convection and an additional 

4 hours required for testing self-clean operation. DOE‘s research did not identify any 

conventional ovens or conventional ranges manufactured by either of the two small cooking 

products manufacturers that are equipped with either forced convection or self-clean capability. 

DOE estimates that fan-only mode testing in the absence of such features could increase testing 

time by approximately 3 percent. However, DOE‘s research also suggests that none of the 

conventional ovens and conventional ranges manufactured by the two small cooking products 

businesses are capable of operation in fan-only mode, and therefore it is unlikely that these 

manufacturers would be impacted by the fan-only mode testing provisions. 
137

 For these reasons, DOE concludes and certifies that today‘s final rule will not have a 

significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Accordingly, DOE has not 

prepared a regulatory flexibility analysis for this rulemaking. DOE has transmitted the 

certification and supporting statement of factual basis to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the 

SBA for review under 5 U.S.C. 605(b). 

C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 

Manufacturers of residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking 

products must certify to DOE that their products comply with any applicable energy 

conservation standards. In certifying compliance, manufacturers must test their products 

according to the DOE test procedures for residential dishwashers, dehumidifiers, and 

conventional cooking products including any amendments adopted for those test procedures. 

DOE has established regulations for the certification and recordkeeping requirements for all 

covered consumer products and commercial equipment, including residential dishwashers, 

dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. (76 FR 12422 (Mar. 7, 2011). The collectionof-information requirement for the certification and recordkeeping is subject to review and 

approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA). This requirement has been 

approved by OMB under OMB control number 1910-1400. Public reporting burden for the 

certification is estimated to average 20 hours per response, including the time for reviewing 

instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and 

completing and reviewing the collection of information. 
138

Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is required to respond to, nor 

shall any person be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with, a collection of information 

subject to the requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays a currently 

valid OMB Control Number. 

D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 

In this final rule, DOE amends its test procedure for residential dishwashers, 

dehumidifiers, and conventional cooking products. DOE has determined that this rule falls into a 

class of actions that are categorically excluded from review under the National Environmental 

Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and DOE‘s implementing regulations at 10 CFR part 

1021. Specifically, this rule amends an existing rule without affecting the amount, quality or 

distribution of energy usage, and, therefore, will not result in any environmental impacts. Thus, 

this rulemaking is covered by Categorical Exclusion A5 under 10 CFR part 1021, subpart D, 

which applies to any rulemaking that interprets or amends an existing rule without changing the 

environmental effect of that rule. Accordingly, neither an environmental assessment nor an 

environmental impact statement is required. 

E. Review Under Executive Order 13132 

Executive Order 13132, ―Federalism,‖ 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999) imposes certain 

requirements on agencies formulating and implementing policies or regulations that preempt 

State law or that have Federalism implications. The Executive Order requires agencies to 

examine the constitutional and statutory authority supporting any action that would limit the 

policymaking discretion of the States and to carefully assess the necessity for such actions. The 
139

Executive Order also requires agencies to have an accountable process to ensure meaningful and 

timely input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory policies that have 

Federalism implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE published a statement of policy describing 

the intergovernmental consultation process it will follow in the development of such regulations. 

65 FR 13735. DOE examined this final rule and determined that it will not have a substantial 

direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or 

on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. EPCA 

governs and prescribes Federal preemption of State regulations as to energy conservation for the 

products that are the subject of today‘s final rule. States can petition DOE for exemption from 

such preemption to the extent, and based on criteria, set forth in EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d)) No 

further action is required by Executive Order 13132. 

F. Review Under Executive Order 12988 

Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation of new regulations, 

section 3(a) of Executive Order 12988, ―Civil Justice Reform,‖ 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), 

imposes on Federal agencies the general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1) 

eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity; (2) write regulations to minimize litigation; (3) provide 

a clear legal standard for affected conduct rather than a general standard; and (4) promote 

simplification and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive Order 12988 specifically requires 

that Executive agencies make every reasonable effort to ensure that the regulation: (1) clearly 

specifies the preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly specifies any effect on existing Federal law or 

regulation; (3) provides a clear legal standard for affected conduct while promoting 

simplification and burden reduction; (4) specifies the retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately 

defines key terms; and (6) addresses other important issues affecting clarity and general 
140

draftsmanship under any guidelines issued by the Attorney General. Section 3(c) of Executive 

Order 12988 requires Executive agencies to review regulations in light of applicable standards in 

sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether they are met or it is unreasonable to meet one or 

more of them. DOE has completed the required review and determined that, to the extent 

permitted by law, this final rule meets the relevant standards of Executive Order 12988. 

G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 

Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) requires each Federal 

agency to assess the effects of Federal regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments 

and the private sector. Pub. L. No. 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531). For a regulatory 

action resulting in a rule that may cause the expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, 

in the aggregate, or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one year (adjusted 

annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a Federal agency to publish a written 

statement that estimates the resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy. 

(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to develop an effective 

process to permit timely input by elected officers of State, local, and Tribal governments on a 

proposed ―significant intergovernmental mandate,‖ and requires an agency plan for giving notice 

and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small governments before establishing 

any requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 

1997, DOE published a statement of policy on its process for intergovernmental consultation 

under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available at www.gc.doe.gov. DOE examined today‘s final 

rule according to UMRA and its statement of policy and determined that the rule contains neither 

an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate that may result in the expenditure of $100 million 

or more in any year, so these requirements do not apply. 
141

H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1999 

Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 

105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family Policymaking Assessment for any rule that 

may affect family well-being. Today‘s final rule will not have any impact on the autonomy or 

integrity of the family as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it is not necessary 

to prepare a Family Policymaking Assessment. 

I. Review Under Executive Order 12630 

DOE has determined, under Executive Order 12630, ―Governmental Actions and 

Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property Rights‖ 53 FR 8859 (Mar.18, 1988), that 

this regulation will not result in any takings that might require compensation under the Fifth 

Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. 

J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2001 

Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2001 (44 

U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most disseminations of information to the 

public under guidelines established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by 

OMB. OMB‘s guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and DOE‘s guidelines 

were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). DOE has reviewed today‘s final rule under the 

OMB and DOE guidelines and has concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in 

those guidelines. 
142

K. Review Under Executive Order 13211 

Executive Order 13211, ―Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect 

Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,‖ 66 FR 28355 (May 22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to 

prepare and submit to OMB, a Statement of Energy Effects for any significant energy action. A 

―significant energy action‖ is defined as any action by an agency that promulgated or is expected 

to lead to promulgation of a final rule, and that: (1) is a significant regulatory action under 

Executive Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to have a significant adverse 

effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of 

OIRA as a significant energy action. For any significant energy action, the agency must give a 

detailed statement of any adverse effects on energy supply, distribution, or use if the regulation is 

implemented, and of reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected benefits on energy 

supply, distribution, and use. 

Today‘s regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 

12866. Moreover, it would not have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or 

use of energy, nor has it been designated as a significant energy action by the Administrator of 

OIRA. Therefore, it is not a significant energy action, and, accordingly, DOE has not prepared a 

Statement of Energy Effects. 

L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 

Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–91; 42 

U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 

1974, as amended by the Federal Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 

788; FEAA) Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where a proposed rule 
143

authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the notice of proposed rulemaking must 

inform the public of the use and background of such standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires 

DOE to consult with the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission 

(FTC) concerning the impact of the commercial or industry standards on competition. 

The amendments to the test procedures in today‘s final rule incorporate testing methods 

contained in certain sections of the following commercial standards: 

1. ANSI/AHAM Standard DH-1-2008, Dehumidifiers, 2008, ANSI approved May 9, 

2008.

2. ANSI/AHAM Standard DW-1-2010, Household Electric Dishwashers, ANSI approved 

September 10, 2010. 

3. IEC Standard 62301, Household electrical appliances—Measurement of standby 

power, Edition 2.0, 2011-01. 

DOE has evaluated these standards and is unable to conclude whether they fully comply 

with the requirements of section 32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., whether they were developed in a 

manner that fully provides for public participation, comment, and review.) DOE has consulted 

with both the Attorney General and the Chairman of the FTC about the impact on competition of 

using the methods contained in these standards and has received no comments objecting to their 

use. 
144

M. Congressional Notification 

As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will report to Congress on the promulgation of today's 

rule before its effective date. The report will state that it has been determined that the rule is not a 

"major rule" as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). 

V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary 

The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this final rule. 

List of Subjects 

10 CFR Part 429 

Administrative practice and procedure, Buildings and facilities, Business and industry, Energy 

conservation, Grant programs-energy, Housing, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and 

recordkeeping requirements, Technical assistance. 

10 CFR Part 430 

Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business information, Energy 

conservation, Household appliances, Imports, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental 

relations, Small businesses. 

Issued in Washington, DC, on September 14, 2012 
145

________________________________ 

Kathleen B. Hogan 

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency 

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 
146

For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and 430 of title 10 of the 

Code of Federal Regulations, as set forth below: 

PART 429 -- CERTIFICATION, COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT FOR 

CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 

1. The authority citation for part 429 continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6317. 

2. Section 429.4 is amended by adding paragraph (b)(2) to read as follows: 

§ 429.4 Materials incorporated by reference.

* * * * * 

(b) * * * 

(2) ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, American National Standard, Household Electric 

Dishwashers, (ANSI approved September 18, 2010), IBR approved for § 429.19. 

* * * * * 

3. Section 429.19 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(3) to read as follows: 

§ 429.19 Dishwashers.

* * * * * 

(b) * * *

(3) Pursuant to § 429.12(b)(13), a certification report shall include the following additional 

product-specific information when using appendix C or appendix C1: the capacity in number of 
147

place settings as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW–1–1992 when using appendix C (incorporated 

by reference, see § 429.4) and ANSI/AHAM DW–1–2010 when using appendix C1 

(incorporated by reference, see § 429.4), presence of a soil sensor (if yes, the number of cycles 

required to reach calibration), and the water inlet temperature used for testing in degrees 

Fahrenheit (°F). When using appendix C1, additionally: the cycle selected for energy testing and 

whether that cycle is soil-sensing, the options selected for the energy test, and presence of a 

built-in water softening system (if yes, the energy use in kilowatt-hours and the water use in 

gallons required for each regeneration of the water softening system, the number of regeneration 

cycles per year, and data and calculations used to derive these values). 

4. Section 429.23 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii) introductory text to read as 

follows:

§ 429.23 Conventional cooking tops, conventional ovens, microwave ovens. 

(a) * * *

(2) * * *

(ii) Any represented value of the energy factor, integrated energy factor, or other measure of 

energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be 

less than or equal to the lower of: 

* * * * * 

5. Section 429.36 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii) introductory text to read as 

follows:

§ 429.36 Dehumidifiers. 
148

(a) * * *

(2) * * *

(ii) Any represented value of the energy factor, integrated energy factor, or other measure of 

energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be 

less than or equal to the lower of: 

* * * * * 

PART 430 -- ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS 

6. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6309; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note. 

7. Section 430.3 is amended by:

 a. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(1), and (h)(2) through (h)(5) as (h)(2), and (h)(4) 

through (h)(7) respectively; 

 b. Adding new paragraphs (h)(1) and (h)(3); and 

 c. Revising paragraph (m)(2). 

 The additions and revisions read as follows: 

§ 430.3 Materials incorporated by reference.

* * * * * 

(h) * * *
149

 (1) ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008 (―ANSI/AHAM DH-1‖), Dehumidifiers, ANSI approved 

May 9, 2008, IBR approved for appendix X1 to subpart B. 

* * * * * 

 (3) ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010, American National Standard, Household Electric 

Dishwashers, (ANSI approved September 18, 2010), IBR approved for appendix C1 to subpart 

B.

* * * * * 

(m) * * *

 (2) IEC Standard 62301 (―IEC 62301‖), Household electrical appliances–Measurement 

of standby power (Edition 2.0, 2011–01), IBR approved for appendix C1, appendix I, appendix 

J2, and appendix X1 to subpart B. 

* * * * * 

8. Section 430.23 is amended by revising paragraphs (c), (i), and (z) to read as follows: 

§ 430.23 Test procedures for the measurement of energy and water consumption. 

* * * * * 

 (c) Dishwashers. (1) The Estimated Annual Operating Cost (EAOC) for dishwashers 

must be rounded to the nearest dollar per year and is defined as follows: 

 (i) When cold water (50 °F) is used, 

 (A) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for 

dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.15 of appendix C to this 

subpart, EAOC = (De×S) + (De×N×(M−(ED/2))). 

 (B) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), for 
150

dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this 

subpart, EAOC = (De×ETLP) + (De×N×(M+ MWS+EF−(ED/2))). 

 (C) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for 

dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, EAOC = (De×S) + (De×N×M). 

 (D) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), for 

dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, EAOC = (De×ETLP) + (De×N×(M+MWS+EF)). 

Where, 

De = the representative average unit cost of electrical energy, in dollars per kilowatt-hour, as 

provided by the Secretary, 

S = the estimated annual standby energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per year and 

determined according to section 5.6 of appendix C to this subpart, 

ETLP = the annual combined low-power mode energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per year and 

determined according to section 5.7 of appendix C1 to this subpart, 

N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per year, 

M = the machine energy consumption per cycle for the normal cycle, as defined in section 1.6 

of appendix C to this subpart, in kilowatt-hours and determined according to section 5.1 

of appendix C to this subpart when using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of 

appendix C); the normal cycle is defined in section 1.12 of appendix C1 to this subpart, 

and the machine energy consumption per cycle in kilowatt-hours must be determined 

according to section 5.1.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for non-soil-sensing 

dishwashers and section 5.1.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for soil-sensing dishwashers 

when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), 

MWS = the machine energy consumption per cycle for water softener regeneration, in kilowatt-
151

hours and determined according to section 5.1.3 of appendix C1 to this subpart, 

EF = the fan-only mode energy consumption per cycle, in kilowatt-hours and determined 

according to section 5.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart, and 

ED = the drying energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours and defined as energy consumed using 

the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse option of the normal cycle; ED

is determined according to section 5.2 of appendix C to this subpart when using appendix 

C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), and determined according to section 5.3 

of appendix C1 to this subpart when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of 

appendix C1),

(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A) of this section 

should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section. Manufacturers 

calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(B) of this section should calculate EAEU 

pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to 

paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) 

of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(D) of this 

section should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section. 

(ii) When electrically-heated water (120 °F or 140 °F) is used, 

 (A) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for 

dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.15 of appendix C to this 

subpart, EAOC = (De×S) + (De×N×(M−(ED/2)))+ (De×N×W). 

 (B) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), for 

dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this 

subpart, 
152

EAOC = (De×ETLP) + (De×N×(M+MWS+EF−(ED/2)))+ (De×N×(W+WWS)). 

 (C) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for 

dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, 

EAOC = (De×S) + (De×N×M)+ (De×N×W). 

 (D) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), for 

dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, 

EAOC = (De×ETLP) + (De×N×(M+MWS+EF))+ (De×N×(W+WWS)). 

Where, 

De, S, ETLP, N, M, MWS, EF, and ED, are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, 

W = the water energy consumption per cycle for the normal cycle as defined in section 1.6 of 

appendix C to this subpart, in kilowatt-hours and determined according to section 5.4 of 

appendix C to this subpart when using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of 

appendix C); when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), the 

normal cycle is as defined in section 1.12 of appendix C1 to this subpart, and the water 

energy consumption per cycle in kilowatt-hours is determined according to section 

5.5.1.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 °F 

inlet water temperature and section 5.5.2.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers 

that operate with a nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F, and 

WWS = the water softener regeneration water energy consumption per cycle in kilowatt-hours and 

determined according to section 5.5.1.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers 

that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature and section 5.5.2.2 of 

appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water 

temperature of 120 °F. 
153

(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(A) of this section 

should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section. Manufacturers 

calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(B) of this section should calculate EAEU 

pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to 

paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(C) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) 

of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(D) of this 

section should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section. 

(iii) When gas-heated or oil-heated water is used, 

 (A) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for 

dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.15 of appendix C to this 

subpart, 

EAOCg = (De×S) + (De×N×(M−(ED/2)))+ (Dg×N×Wg).

 (B) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), for 

dishwashers having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.22 of appendix C1 to this 

subpart, 

EAOCg = (De×ETLP) + (De×N×(M+MWS+EF−(ED/2)))+ (Dg×N×(Wg+WWSg)).

 (C) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for 

dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, 

EAOCg = (De×S) + (De×N×M)+ (Dg×N×Wg). 

 (D) When using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), for 

dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle, 

EAOCg = (De×ETLP) + (De×N×(M+MWS+EF))+ (Dg×N×(Wg+WWSg)). 

Where, 
154

De, S, ETLP, N, M, MWS, EF, and ED are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, 

Dg = the representative average unit cost of gas or oil, as appropriate, in dollars per Btu, as 

provided by the Secretary, 

Wg = the water energy consumption per cycle for the normal cycle as defined in section 1.6 of 

appendix C to this subpart, in Btus and determined according to section 5.5 of appendix 

C to this subpart when using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C); 

when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), the normal cycle 

is as defined in section 1.12 of appendix C1 to this subpart, and the water energy 

consumption per cycle in Btus is determined according to section 5.6.1.1 of appendix C1 

to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature 

and section 5.6.2.1 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a 

nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F and 

WWSg = the water softener regeneration energy consumption per cycle in Btu per cycle and 

determined according to section 5.6.1.2 of appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers 

that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature and section 5.6.2.2 of 

appendix C1 to this subpart for dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water 

temperature of 120 °F. 

(E) Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(A) of this section 

should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section. Manufacturers 

calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraphs (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section should calculate EAEU 

pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to 

paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this section should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) 

of this section. Manufacturers calculating EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(D) of this 
155

section should calculate EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section. 

(2) The estimated annual energy use, EAEU, expressed in kilowatt-hours per year must 

be rounded to the nearest kilowatt-hour per year and is defined as follows: 

 (i) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), for dishwashers 

having a truncated normal cycle as defined in section 1.15 of appendix C to this subpart and 

when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), as defined in section 1.22 

of appendix C1 to this subpart, 

(A) EAEU = (M−(ED/2)+W)×N+S may be used for units manufactured: 

1. Before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE 

FEDERAL REGISTER] to make representations of energy efficiency; and 

2. Before the compliance date of any amended standards to demonstrate compliance. 

 (B) EAEU = (M+MWS+EF−(ED/2)+W+WWS)×N+(ETLP) must be used for units 

manufactured: 

1. On or after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE 

FEDERAL REGISTER] to make representations of energy efficiency; and 

2. On or after the compliance date of any amended standards to demonstrate compliance. 

Where, 

 M, MWS, S, ED, N, EF, and ETLP are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and W 

and WWS, are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section. 

(C) Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section 

should calculate EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(ii)(A), or (c)(1)(iii)(A) of this 

section, as appropriate. Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i)(B) of 

this section should calculate EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(B), (c)(1)(ii)(B), or 
156

(c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section, as appropriate. 

(ii) For dishwashers not having a truncated normal cycle: 

 (A) EAEU = (M+W)×N+S may be used for units manufactured: 

1. Before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE 

FEDERAL REGISTER] to make representations of energy efficiency; and 

2. Before the compliance date of any amended standards to demonstrate compliance. 

 (B) EAEU = (M+MWS+EF+W+WWS)×N+ETLP must be used for units manufactured: 

1. On or after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE 

FEDERAL REGISTER] to make representations of energy efficiency; and 

2. On or after the compliance date of any amended standards to demonstrate compliance. 

Where, 

 M, MWS, S, N, EF, and ETLP are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and W and 

WWS are defined in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section. 

(C) Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section 

should calculate EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C), (c)(1)(ii)(C), or (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this 

section, as appropriate. Manufacturers calculating EAEU pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of 

this section should calculate EAOC pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i)(D), (c)(1)(ii)(D), or 

(c)(1)(iii)(D) of this section, as appropriate. 

(3) When using appendix C (see the note at the beginning of appendix C), the water 

consumption, V, expressed in gallons per cycle and defined in section 5.3 of appendix C to this 

subpart, and when using appendix C1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix C1), water 
157

consumption, V, and the sum of the water consumption, V, and the water consumption during 

water softener regeneration, VWS, expressed in gallons per cycle and defined in section 5.4 of 

appendix C1 to this subpart, must be rounded to one decimal place. 

(i) Water consumption, V, may be measured for units manufactured: 

(A)Before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE 

FEDERAL REGISTER] to make representations of energy efficiency; and 

(B) Before the compliance date of any amended standards to demonstrate compliance. 

(ii) Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this 

section should calculate EAOC as described in paragraph (c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(i)(C), 

(c)(1)(ii)(A), (c)(1)(ii)(C), (c)(1)(iii)(A), or (c)(1)(iii)(C) of this section, as 

appropriate. Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to paragraph 

(c)(3)(i) of this section should calculate EAEU as described in paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) 

or (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section, as appropriate. 

 (iii) The sum of the water consumption, V, and the water consumption during water 

softener regeneration, VWS, must be measured for units manufactured: 

(A)On or after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE 

FEDERAL REGISTER] to make representations of energy efficiency; and 

(B) On or after the compliance date of any amended standards to demonstrate compliance. 

(C) Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to paragraph (c)(3)(iii) of this 

section should calculate EAOC as described in paragraph (c)(1)(i)(B), (c)(1)(i)(D), 

(c)(1)(ii)(B), (c)(1)(ii)(D), (c)(1)(iii)(B), or (c)(1)(iii)(D) of this section, as 

appropriate. Manufacturers calculating water consumption pursuant to paragraph 

(c)(3)(iii) of this section should calculate EAEU as described in paragraph 
158

(c)(2)(i)(B) or (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section, as appropriate. 

(4) Other useful measures of energy consumption for dishwashers are those which the 

Secretary determines are likely to assist consumers in making purchasing decisions and which 

are derived from the application of appendix C and appendix C1 to this subpart.

* * * * *

(i) Kitchen ranges and ovens. (1) The estimated annual operating cost for conventional 

ranges, conventional cooking tops, and conventional ovens shall be the sum of the following 

products: 

(i) The total integrated annual electrical energy consumption for any electrical energy 

usage, in kilowatt-hours (kWhs) per year, times the representative average unit cost for 

electricity, in dollars per kWh, as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act; plus 

(ii) The total annual gas energy consumption for any natural gas usage, in British thermal 

units (Btus) per year, times the representative average unit cost for natural gas, in dollars per Btu, 

as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act; plus 

(iii) The total annual gas energy consumption for any propane usage, in Btus per year, 

times the representative average unit cost for propane, in dollars per Btu, as provided pursuant to 

section 323(b)(2) of the Act. The total annual energy consumption for conventional ranges, 

conventional cooking tops, and conventional ovens shall be as determined according to sections 

4.3, 4.2.2, and 4.1.2, respectively, of appendix I to this subpart. For conventional gas cooking 

tops, total integrated annual electrical energy consumption shall be equal to ECTSO, defined in 

section 4.2.2.2.4 of appendix I to this subpart. The estimated annual operating cost shall be 

rounded off to the nearest dollar per year. 

(2) The cooking efficiency for conventional cooking tops and conventional ovens shall 
159

be the ratio of the cooking energy output for the test to the cooking energy input for the test, as 

determined according to sections 4.2.1 and 4.1.3, respectively, of appendix I to this subpart. The 

final cooking efficiency values shall be rounded off to three significant digits. 

(3) [Reserved] 

(4) The energy factor for conventional ranges, conventional cooking tops, and 

conventional ovens shall be the ratio of the annual useful cooking energy output to the total 

annual energy input, as determined according to sections 4.3, 4.2.3.1, and 4.1.4.1, respectively, 

of appendix I to this subpart. The final energy factor values shall be rounded off to three 

significant digits. 

(5) The integrated energy factor for conventional ranges, conventional cooking tops, and 

conventional ovens shall be the ratio of the annual useful cooking energy output to the total 

integrated annual energy input, as determined according to sections 4.3, 4.2.3.2, and 4.1.4.2, 

respectively, of appendix I to this subpart. The final integrated energy factor values shall be 

rounded off to three significant digits. 

(6) There shall be two estimated annual operating costs, two cooking efficiencies, and 

two energy factors for convertible cooking appliances— 

 (i) An estimated annual operating cost, a cooking efficiency, and an energy factor which 

represent values for those three measures of energy consumption for the operation of the 

appliance with natural gas; and 

 (ii) An estimated annual operating cost, a cooking efficiency, and an energy factor which 

represent values for those three measures of energy consumption for the operation of the 

appliance with LP-gas. 

 (7) There shall be two integrated energy factors for convertible cooking appliances— 
160

 (i) An integrated energy factor which represents the value for this measure of energy 

consumption for the operation of the appliance with natural gas; and 

 (ii) An integrated energy factor which represents the value for this measure of energy 

consumption for the operation of the appliance with LP-gas. 

 (8) The estimated annual operating cost for convertible cooking appliances which 

represents natural gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this section, shall be 

determined according to paragraph (i)(1) of this section using the total annual gas energy 

consumption for natural gas times the representative average unit cost for natural gas. 

 (9) The estimated annual operating cost for convertible cooking appliances which 

represents LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this section, shall be determined 

according to paragraph (i)(1) of this section using the representative average unit cost for 

propane times the total annual energy consumption of the test gas, either propane or natural gas. 

 (10) The cooking efficiency for convertible cooking appliances which represents natural 

gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this section, shall be determined according to 

paragraph (i)(2) of this section when the appliance is tested with natural gas. 

 (11) The cooking efficiency for convertible cooking appliances which represents LP-gas 

usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this section, shall be determined according to 

paragraph (i)(2) of this section, when the appliance is tested with either natural gas or propane. 

(12) The energy factor for convertible cooking appliances which represents natural gas 

usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(i) of this section, shall be determined according to 

paragraph (i)(4) of this section when the appliance is tested with natural gas. 

(13) The integrated energy factor for convertible cooking appliances which represents 

natural gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(7)(i) of this section, shall be determined 
161

according to paragraph (i)(5) of this section when the appliance is tested with natural gas. 

(14) The energy factor for convertible cooking appliances which represents LP-gas 

usage, as described in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this section, shall be determined according to 

paragraph (i)(4) of this section when the appliance is tested with either natural gas or propane.

(15) The integrated energy factor for convertible cooking appliances which represents 

LP-gas usage, as described in paragraph (i)(7)(ii) of this section, shall be determined according 

to paragraph (i)(5) of this section when the appliance is tested with natural gas or propane. 

 (16) Other useful measures of energy consumption for conventional ranges, conventional 

cooking tops, and conventional ovens shall be those measures of energy consumption which the 

Secretary determines are likely to assist consumers in making purchasing decisions and which 

are derived from the application of appendix I to this subpart. 

* * * * * 

(z) Dehumidifiers. (1) When using appendix X (see the note at the beginning of 

appendix X), the energy factor for dehumidifiers, expressed in liters per kilowatt hour (L/kWh), 

shall be measured in accordance with section 4.1 of appendix X of this subpart. 

(2) When using appendix X1 (see the note at the beginning of appendix X1), the 

integrated energy factor for dehumidifiers, expressed in L/kWh, shall be determined according to 

paragraph 5.2 of appendix X1 to this subpart.

* * * * * 

Appendix C to Subpart B of Part 430—[Amended] 

9. Appendix C to subpart B of part 430 is amended by:

 a. Revising the introductory text after the appendix heading; 
162

 b. Revising sections 1.2, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, and 1.13; 

 c. Revising section 2.6.2, 2.6.3.1, 2.6.3.2, 2.6.3.3, 2.7, and 2.8; 

 d. Adding sections 2.7.1, 2.7.2, 2.7.2.1, and 2.7.2.2; and

 e. Revising sections 5.4.1, 5.4.2; 5.5.1, and 5.5.2; 

 The additions and revisions read as follows: 

APPENDIX C TO SUBPART B OF PART 430–UNIFORM TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING THE 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DISHWASHERS

 Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct 

final rule published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), manufacturers may use either Appendix C 

or Appendix C1 to certify compliance with existing DOE energy conservation standards and to 

make any representations related to energy and/or water consumption of dishwashers, with the 

following exception. If the compliance date is after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER 

DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers that make 

representations related to standby mode and off mode energy consumption must use Appendix 

C1 for any representations made after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of the energy and/or water consumption of 

these products, consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

 After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 
163

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct 

final rule published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), all dishwashers shall be tested using the 

provisions of Appendix C1 to certify compliance with amended energy conservation standards 

and to make any representations related to energy and/or water consumption, with the following 

exception. If the compliance date is before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers may use Appendix C for 

any representations until [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN 

THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of energy and/or water consumption of these products, 

consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

* * * * * 

 1.2 Compact dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity of less than eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by 

reference; see § 430.3), using the test load specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. 

* * * * * 

 1.9 Sensor heavy response means, for standard dishwashers, the set of operations in a 

soil-sensing dishwasher for completely washing a load of dishes, four place settings of which are 

soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and as 

additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition 

is the same, except that two soiled place settings are used instead of four. 

 1.10 Sensor light response means, for both standard and compact dishwashers, the set of 

operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely washing a load of dishes, one place 

setting of which is soiled with half of the gram weight of soils for each item specified in a single 

place setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) 
164

and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix. 

 1.11 Sensor medium response means, for standard dishwashers, the set of operations in a 

soil-sensing dishwasher for completely washing a load of dishes, two place settings of which are 

soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and as 

additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition 

is the same, except that one soiled place setting is used 

* * * * * 

 1.13 Standard dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity equal to or greater than 

eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 

(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), using the test load specified in section 2.7.1 of this 

appendix. 

* * * * * 

2. Testing Conditions 

* * * * * 

 2.6.2 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 50 oF 

or 120 oF. These units must be tested on the normal cycle with a clean load of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces, as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. If the capacity of 

the dishwasher, as stated by the manufacturer, is less than eight place settings, then the test load 

must be the stated capacity. 

* * * * * 

2.6.3.1 For tests of the sensor heavy response, as defined in section 1.9 of this appendix: 

(A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with a total of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Four of the eight 
165

place settings must be soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference, 

see § 430.3) and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining 

place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. 

 (B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with four place settings plus six 

serving pieces as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Two of the four place settings must 

be soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of 

this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. 

 2.6.3.2 For tests of the sensor medium response, as defined in section 1.11 of this 

appendix: 

 (A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with a total of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. Two of the eight 

place settings must be soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference, 

see § 430.3) and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining 

place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. 

 (B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with four place settings plus six 

serving pieces as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the four place settings must 

be soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of 

this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. 

 2.6.3.3 For tests of the sensor light response, as defined in section 1.10 of this appendix: 

 (A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with a total of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the eight 

place settings must be soiled with half of the soil load specified for a single place setting 

according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3) and as 
166

additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, 

serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. 

 (B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with four place settings plus six 

serving pieces as specified in section 2.7.1 of this appendix. One of the four place settings must 

be soiled with half of the soil load specified for a single place setting according to ANSI/AHAM 

DW-1-1992 and as additionally specified in section 2.7.2 of this appendix, while the remaining 

place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. 

2.7 Test load. 
167

 2.7.1 Test load items. 

Dishware/glassware/

flatware item

Primary source Description Primary No. Alternate 

source

Alternate 

source No.

Dinner Plate ................. Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

10 inch Dinner 

Plate...................

6003893

Bread and Butter Plate. Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

6.75 inch Bread 

& Butter.............

6003887 Arzberg..... 8500217100 

or 2000-

00001-0217-

1

Fruit Bowl.................... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

10 oz. Dessert 

Bowl ..................

6003899 Arzberg..... 3820513100

Cup .............................. Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

8 oz. Ceramic 

Cup ....................

6014162 Arzberg..... 1382-00001-

4732

Saucer .......................... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

6 inch Saucer ..... 6010972 Arzberg..... 1382-00001-

4731

Serving Bowl............... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

1 qt. Serving 

Bowl ..................

6003911

Platter........................... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

9.5 inch Oval 

Platter ................

6011655

Glass—Iced Tea .......... Libbey........................ ........................... 551 HT

Flatware—Knife .......... Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619KPVF WMF—

Gastro 0800

12.0803.6047

Flatware—Dinner Fork Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619FRSF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1905.6040

Flatware—Salad Fork.. Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619FSLF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1964.6040

Flatware—Teaspoon.... Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619STSF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1910.6040

Flatware—Serving Fork Oneida®—Flight ....... ........................... 2865FCM WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1902.6040

Flatware—Serving 

Spoon...........................

Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619STBF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1904.6040

 2.7.2 Soils. The soils shall be as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-1992 (incorporated 

by reference, see § 430.3), except for the following substitutions. 

 2.7.2.1 Margarine. The margarine shall be Fleischmann‘s Original stick margarine. 

 2.7.2.2 Coffee. The coffee shall be Folgers Classic Decaf. 

 2.8 Detergent. Use half the quantity of detergent specified according to ANSI/AHAM 

DW-1-1992 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3), using Cascade with the Grease Fighting 
168

Power of Dawn powder as the detergent formulation. 

* * * * * 

5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements 

* * * * * 

5.4 * * * 

5.4.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only. 

Calculate the water energy consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined 

as: 

W = V×T×K 

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.3.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90 °F, and 

K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 0.0024. 

5.4.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F. 

Calculate the water energy consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined 

as: 

W = V×T×K 

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.3.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 
169

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70 °F, and 

K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 0.0024, 

5.5 * * * 

5.5.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only. 

Calculate the water energy consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated water, Wg, expressed in 

Btu's per cycle and defined as: 

Wg= V×T×C/e 

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.3.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90 °F, 

C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and 

e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75, 

5.5.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F. 

Calculate the water energy consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated water, Wg, expressed in 

Btu's per cycle and defined as: 

Wg= V×T×C/e 

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.3.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.3.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70 °F, 
170

C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and 

e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75. 

* * * * * 

10. Add a new Appendix C1 to subpart B of part 430 to read as follows: 

APPENDIX C1 TO SUBPART B OF PART 430–UNIFORM TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING THE 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DISHWASHERS

 Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct 

final rule published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), manufacturers may use either Appendix C 

or Appendix C1 to certify compliance with existing DOE energy conservation standards and to 

make any representations related to energy and/or water consumption of dishwashers, with the 

following exception. If the compliance date is after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER 

DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers that make 

representations related to standby mode and off mode energy consumption must use Appendix 

C1 for any representations made after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of the energy and/or water consumption of 

these products, consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

 After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption (May 30, 2013 unless the direct 
171

final rule published on May 30, 2012 is withdrawn), all dishwashers shall be tested using the 

provisions of Appendix C1 to certify compliance with amended energy conservation standards 

and to make any representations related to energy and/or water consumption, with the following 

exception. If the compliance date is before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers may use Appendix C for 

any representations until [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN 

THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of energy and/or water consumption of these products, 

consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

1. Definitions 

 1.1 Active mode means a mode in which the dishwasher is connected to a mains power 

source, has been activated, and is performing one of the main functions of washing, rinsing, or 

drying (when a drying process is included) dishware, glassware, eating utensils, and most 

cooking utensils by chemical, mechanical, and/or electrical means, or is involved in functions 

necessary for these main functions, such as admitting water into the dishwasher, pumping water 

out of the dishwasher, circulating air, or regenerating an internal water softener. 

 1.2 AHAM means the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers. 

 1.3 Combined low-power mode means the aggregate of available modes other than 

active mode. 

 1.4 Compact dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity of less than eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by 

reference; see § 430.3), using the test load specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. 

1.5 Cycle means a sequence of operations of a dishwasher which performs a complete 
172

dishwashing function, and may include variations or combinations of washing, rinsing, and 

drying. 

1.6 Cycle finished mode means a standby mode which provides continuous status 

display following operation in active mode. 

 1.7 Cycle type means any complete sequence of operations capable of being preset on 

the dishwasher prior to the initiation of machine operation. 

 1.8 Fan-only mode means an active mode that is not user-selectable, and in which a fan 

circulates air for a finite period of time after the end of the cycle, where the end of the cycle is 

indicated to the consumer by means of a display, indicator light, or audible signal. 

 1.9 IEC 62301 means the standard published by the International Electrotechnical 

Commission, titled ―Household electrical appliances-Measurement of standby power,‖

Publication 62301 (Edition 2.0, 2011-01) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

1.10 Inactive mode means a standby mode that facilitates the activation of active mode 

by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides 

continuous status display. 

 1.11 Non-soil-sensing dishwasher means a dishwasher that does not have the ability to 

adjust automatically any energy consuming aspect of the normal cycle based on the soil load of 

the dishes. 

 1.12 Normal cycle means the cycle type, including washing and drying temperature 

options, recommended in the manufacturer‘s instructions for daily, regular, or typical use to 

completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes including the power-dry feature. If no 

cycle or more than one cycle is recommended in the manufacturer‘s instructions for daily, 

regular, or typical use to completely wash a full load of normally soiled dishes, the most energy 
173

intensive of these cycles shall be considered the normal cycle. In the absence of a manufacturer 

recommendation on washing and drying temperature options, the highest energy consumption 

options must be selected. 

 1.13 Off mode means a mode in which the dishwasher is connected to a mains power 

source and is not providing any active mode or standby mode function, and where the mode may 

persist for an indefinite time. An indicator that only shows the user that the product is in the off 

position is included within the classification of an off mode. 

 1.14 Power-dry feature means the introduction of electrically-generated heat into the 

washing chamber for the purpose of improving the drying performance of the dishwasher. 

 1.15 Preconditioning cycle means a normal cycle run with no test load to ensure that the 

water lines and sump area of the pump are primed. 

 1.16 Sensor heavy response means, for standard dishwashers, the set of operations in a 

soil-sensing dishwasher for completely washing a load of dishes, four place settings of which are 

soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and as 

additionally specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition is 

the same, except that two soiled place settings are used instead of four. 

 1.17 Sensor light response means, for both standard and compact dishwashers, the set of 

operations in a soil-sensing dishwasher for completely washing a load of dishes, one place 

setting of which is soiled with half of the gram weight of soils for each item specified in a single 

place setting according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) 

and as additionally specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. 

 1.18 Sensor medium response means, for standard dishwashers, the set of operations in a 

soil-sensing dishwasher for completely washing a load of dishes, two place settings of which are 
174

soiled according to ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and as 

additionally specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. For compact dishwashers, this definition is 

the same, except that one soiled place setting is used instead of two. 

 1.19 Soil-sensing dishwasher means a dishwasher that has the ability to adjust any 

energy-consuming aspect of the normal cycle based on the soil load of the dishes. 

 1.20 Standard dishwasher means a dishwasher that has a capacity equal to or greater than 

eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 

(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), using the test load specified in section 2.7 of this 

appendix. 

 1.21 Standby mode means a mode in which the dishwasher is connected to a mains 

power source and offers one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions which 

may persist for an indefinite time: (a) to facilitate the activation of other modes (including 

activation or deactivation of active mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal 

sensor, or timer; (b) continuous functions, including information or status displays (including 

clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is a continuous clock function (which may or may not 

be associated with a display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and that 

operates on a continuous basis. 

 1.22 Truncated normal cycle means the normal cycle interrupted to eliminate the powerdry feature after the termination of the last rinse operation. 

 1.23 Truncated sensor heavy response means the sensor heavy response interrupted to 

eliminate the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse operation. 

 1.24 Truncated sensor light response means the sensor light response interrupted to 

eliminate the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse operation. 
175

 1.25 Truncated sensor medium response means the sensor medium response interrupted 

to eliminate the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse operation. 

 1.26 Water-heating dishwasher means a dishwasher which, as recommended by the 

manufacturer, is designed for heating cold inlet water (nominal 50 °F) or designed for heating 

water with a nominal inlet temperature of 120 °F. Any dishwasher designated as water-heating 

(50 °F or 120 °F inlet water) must provide internal water heating to above 120 °F in a least one 

wash phase of the normal cycle. 

 1.27 Water-softening dishwasher means a dishwasher which incorporates a water 

softening system that periodically consumes additional water and energy during the cycle to 

regenerate. 

2. Testing Conditions 

2.1 Installation requirements. Install the dishwasher according to the manufacturer‘s 

instructions, including drain height. If the manufacture does not provide instructions for a 

specific drain height, the drain height shall be 20 inches. The racks shall be positioned according 

to the manufacturer recommendation for washing a full load of normally soiled dishes, or in the 

absence of a recommendation, the racks shall be maintained in the as-shipped position. The rinse 

aid container shall remain empty. A standard or compact under-counter or under-sink dishwasher 

must be tested in a rectangular enclosure constructed of nominal 0.374 inch (9.5 mm) plywood 

painted black. The enclosure must consist of a top, a bottom, a back, and two sides. If the 

dishwasher includes a counter top as part of the appliance, omit the top of the enclosure. Bring 

the enclosure into the closest contact with the appliance that the configuration of the dishwasher 

will allow. For standby mode and off mode testing, these products shall also be installed in 
176

accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference; see §430.3), 

disregarding the provisions regarding batteries and the determination, classification, and testing 

of relevant modes. 

 2.2 Electrical energy supply. 

 2.2.1 Dishwashers that operate with an electrical supply of 115 volts. Maintain the 

electrical supply to the dishwasher at 115 volts ±2 percent and within 1 percent of the nameplate 

frequency as specified by the manufacturer. Maintain a continuous electrical supply to the unit 

throughout testing, including the preconditioning cycles, specified in section 2.9 of this 

appendix, and in between all test cycles. 

 2.2.2 Dishwashers that operate with an electrical supply of 240 volts. Maintain the 

electrical supply to the dishwasher at 240 volts ±2 percent and within 1 percent of the nameplate 

frequency as specified by the manufacturer. Maintain a continuous electrical supply to the unit 

throughout testing, including the preconditioning cycles, specified in section 2.9 of this 

appendix, and in between all test cycles. 

2.2.3 Supply voltage waveform. For the standby mode and off mode testing, maintain 

the electrical supply voltage waveform indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301 

(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 2.3 Water temperature. Measure the temperature of the water supplied to the dishwasher 

using a temperature measuring device as specified in section 3.1 of this appendix. 

 2.3.1 Dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 140 oF inlet water temperature. Maintain the 

water supply temperature at 140o ±2 oF. 

 2.3.2 Dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 120 oF inlet water temperature. Maintain the 

water supply temperature at 120o ±2 oF. 
177

 2.3.3 Dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 50 oF inlet water temperature. Maintain the 

water supply temperature at 50o ±2 oF. 

 2.4 Water pressure. Using a water pressure gauge as specified in section 3.4 of this 

appendix, maintain the pressure of the water supply at 35 ±2.5 pounds per square inch gauge 

(psig) when the water is flowing. The pressure shall be achieved within 2 seconds of opening the 

water supply valve. 

2.5 Ambient temperature. 

 2.5.1 Active mode ambient and machine temperature. Using a temperature measuring 

device as specified in section 3.1 of this appendix, maintain the room ambient air temperature at 

75 o ±5 oF and ensure that the dishwasher and the test load are at room ambient temperature at 

the start of each test cycle. 

 2.5.2 Standby mode and off mode ambient temperature. For standby mode and off mode 

testing, maintain room ambient air temperature conditions as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 

4.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 2.6 Test cycle and load. 

 2.6.1 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 140 oF. 

All non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested according to section 4.1 of this appendix at a 

nominal inlet temperature of 140 oF must be tested on the normal cycle and truncated normal 

cycle without a test load if the dishwasher does not heat water in the normal cycle. 

 2.6.2 Non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 50 oF 

or 120 oF. All non-soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested according to section 4.1 of this 

appendix at a nominal inlet temperature of 50 oF or 120 oF must be tested on the normal cycle 

with a clean load of eight place settings plus six serving pieces, as specified in section 2.7 of this 
178

appendix. If the capacity of the dishwasher, as stated by the manufacturer, is less than eight place 

settings, then the test load must be the stated capacity. 

 2.6.3 Soil-sensing dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet temperature of 50 oF, 120 

oF, or 140 oF. All soil-sensing dishwashers shall be tested according to section 4.1 of this 

appendix on the normal cycle. The dishwasher shall be tested first for the sensor heavy response, 

then tested for the sensor medium response, and finally for the sensor light response with the 

following combinations of soiled and clean test loads. 

 2.6.3.1 For tests of the sensor heavy response, as defined in section 1.16 of this 

appendix: 

 (A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with a total of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. Four of the eight 

place settings, except for the flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of 

ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3) and as additionally specified 

in sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving pieces, 

and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded in the dishwasher according to 

section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010.

 (B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with four place settings plus six 

serving pieces as specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. Two of the four place settings, except 

for the flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-

2010 and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the 

remaining place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be 

loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. 

 2.6.3.2 For tests of the sensor medium response, as defined in section 1.18 of this 
179

appendix: 

 (A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with a total of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. Two of the eight 

place settings, except for the flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of 

ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3) and as additionally specified 

in sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving pieces, 

and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded in the dishwasher according to 

section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010.

 (B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with four place settings plus six 

serving pieces as specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. One of the four place settings, except 

for the flatware, must be soiled according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-

2010 and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the 

remaining place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be 

loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. 

 2.6.3.3 For tests of the sensor light response, as defined in section 1.17 of this appendix: 

 (A) For standard dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with a total of eight place 

settings plus six serving pieces as specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. One of the eight place 

settings, except for the flatware, must be soiled with half of the soil load specified for a single 

place setting according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated 

by reference, see § 430.3) and as additionally specified in sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this 

appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving pieces, and all flatware are not soiled. The 

test load is to be loaded in the dishwasher according to section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010. 

 (B) For compact dishwashers, the test unit is to be loaded with four place settings plus six 
180

serving pieces as specified in section 2.7 of this appendix. One of the four place settings, except 

for the flatware, must be soiled with half of the soil load specified for a single place setting 

according to sections 5.3 through 5.7 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 and as additionally specified 

in sections 2.7.4 and 2.7.5 of this appendix, while the remaining place settings, serving pieces, 

and all flatware are not soiled. The test load is to be loaded in the dishwasher according to 

section 5.8 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010.

2.7 Test load. 
181

 2.7.1 Test load items. 

Dishware/glassware/

flatware item

Primary source Description Primary No. Alternate 

source

Alternate 

source No.

Dinner Plate ................. Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

10 inch Dinner 

Plate...................

6003893

Bread and Butter Plate. Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

6.75 inch Bread 

& Butter.............

6003887 Arzberg..... 8500217100 

or 2000-

00001-0217-

1

Fruit Bowl.................... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

10 oz. Dessert 

Bowl ..................

6003899 Arzberg..... 3820513100

Cup .............................. Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

8 oz. Ceramic 

Cup ....................

6014162 Arzberg..... 1382-00001-

4732

Saucer .......................... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

6 inch Saucer ..... 6010972 Arzberg..... 1382-00001-

4731

Serving Bowl............... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

1 qt. Serving 

Bowl ..................

6003911

Platter........................... Corning 

Comcor®/Corelle®....

9.5 inch Oval 

Platter ................

6011655

Glass—Iced Tea .......... Libbey........................ ........................... 551 HT

Flatware—Knife .......... Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619KPVF WMF—

Gastro 0800

12.0803.6047

Flatware—Dinner Fork Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619FRSF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1905.6040

Flatware—Salad Fork.. Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619FSLF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1964.6040

Flatware—Teaspoon.... Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619STSF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1910.6040

Flatware—Serving Fork Oneida®—Flight ....... ........................... 2865FCM WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1902.6040

Flatware—Serving 

Spoon...........................

Oneida®—Accent ..... ........................... 2619STBF WMF—

Signum 

1900

12.1904.6040

 2.7.2 Place setting. A place setting shall consist of one cup, one saucer, one dinner plate, 

one bread and butter plate, one fruit bowl, one iced tea glass, one dinner fork, one salad fork, one 

knife, and two teaspoons. 

 2.7.3 Serving pieces. Serving pieces shall consist of two serving bowls, one platter, one 

serving fork, and two serving spoons. 

 2.7.4 Soils. The soils shall be as specified in section 5.4 of ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010
182

(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3), except for the following substitutions. 

 2.7.4.1 Margarine. The margarine shall be Fleischmann‘s Original stick margarine. 

 2.7.4.2 Coffee. The coffee shall be Folgers Classic Decaf. 

 2.7.5 Soil Preparation. Soils shall be prepared according to section 5.5 of ANSI/AHAM 

DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3), with the following additional 

specifications. 

 2.7.5.1 Milk. The nonfat dry milk shall be reconstituted before mixing with the oatmeal 

and potatoes. It shall be reconstituted with water by mixing 2/3 cup of nonfat dry milk with 2 

cups of water until well mixed. The reconstituted milk may be stored for use over the course of 1 

day. 

 2.7.5.2 Instant mashed potatoes. The potato mixture shall be applied within 30 minutes 

of preparation. 

 2.7.5.3 Ground beef. The 1-pound packages of ground beef shall be stored frozen for no 

more than 6 months. 

 2.8 Testing requirements. Provisions in this appendix pertaining to dishwashers that 

operate with a nominal inlet temperature of 50 °F or 120 °F apply only to water-heating 

dishwashers as defined in section 1.26 of this appendix. 

 2.9 Preconditioning requirements. Precondition the dishwasher twice by establishing the 

testing conditions set forth in sections 2.1 through 2.5 of this appendix. For each preconditioning, 

set the dishwasher to the preconditioning cycle as defined in section 1.15 of this appendix, 

without using a test load, and initiate the cycle. During the second preconditioning, measure the 

prewash fill water volume, Vpw, if any, and the main wash fill water volume, Vmw. 

 2.10 Detergent. Use half the quantity of detergent specified according to section 4.1 of 
183

ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3), using Cascade with the 

Grease Fighting Power of Dawn powder as the detergent formulation. Determine the amount of 

detergent (in grams) to be added to the prewash compartment (if provided) or elsewhere in the 

dishwasher (if recommended by the manufacturer) and the main wash compartment according to 

sections 2.10.1 and 2.10.2 of this appendix. 

 2.10.1 Prewash Detergent Dosing. If the cycle setting for the test cycle includes 

prewash, determine the quantity of dry prewash detergent, Dpw, in grams (g) that results in 0.25 

percent concentration by mass in the prewash fill water as: 

Dpw = Vpw×ρ×k×0.25/100 

where, 

Vpw = the prewash fill volume of water in gallons, 

ρ = water density = 8.343 pounds (lb)/gallon for dishwashers to be tested at a nominal inlet 

water temperature of 50 °F (10 °C), 8.250 lb/gallon for dishwashers to be tested at a nominal 

inlet water temperature of 120 °F (49 °C), and 8.205 lb/gallon for dishwashers to be tested at a 

nominal inlet water temperature of 140 °F (60 °C), and 

k = conversion factor from lb to g = 453.6 g/lb. 

 2.10.2 Main Wash Detergent Dosing. Determine the quantity of dry main wash 

detergent, Dmw, in grams (g) that results in 0.25 percent concentration by mass in the main wash 

fill water as: 

Dmw = Vmw×ρ×k×0.25/100 

where, 

Vmw = the main wash fill volume of water in gallons, and 

ρ, and k are defined in section 2.10.1 of this appendix. 
184

3. Instrumentation 

 Test instruments must be calibrated annually. 

 3.1 Temperature measuring device. The device must have an error no greater than ±1 °F 

over the range being measured. 

 3.2 Timer. Time measurements for each monitoring period shall be accurate to within 2 

seconds. 

 3.3 Water meter. The water meter must have a resolution of no larger than 0.1 gallons 

and a maximum error no greater than ±1.5 percent of the measured flow rate for all water 

temperatures encountered in the test cycle. 

 3.4 Water pressure gauge. The water pressure gauge must have a resolution of one 

pound per square inch (psi) and must have an error no greater than 5 percent of any measured 

value over the range of 35 ±2.5 psig. 

 3.5 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour meter must have a resolution of .1 watt-hour or less 

and a maximum error of no more than 1 percent of the measured value for any demand greater 

than 5 watts. 

 3.6 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt meter used to measure standby 

mode and off mode power consumption shall meet the requirements specified in Section 4, 

Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). 

4. Test Cycle and Measurements 

 4.1 Active mode cycle. Perform a test cycle by establishing the testing conditions set 

forth in section 2 of this appendix, setting the dishwasher to the cycle type to be tested according 

to section 2.6.1, 2.6.2, or 2.6.3 of this appendix, initiating the cycle, and allowing the cycle to 

proceed to completion. 
185

 4.1.1 Machine electrical energy consumption. Measure the machine electrical energy 

consumption, M, expressed as the number of kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed by the 

machine during the entire test cycle, using a water supply temperature as set forth in section 2.3 

of this appendix and using a watt-hour meter as specified in section 3.5 of this appendix. 

 4.1.2 Fan electrical energy consumption. If the dishwasher is capable of operation in 

fan-only mode, measure the fan electrical energy consumption, MF, expressed as the number of 

kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed by the machine for the duration of fan-only mode, using a 

watt-hour meter as specified in section 3.5 of this appendix. Alternatively, if the duration of fanonly mode is known, the watt-hours consumed may be measured for a period of 10 minutes in 

fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as specified in section 3.5 of this appendix. Multiply this 

value by the time in minutes that the dishwasher remains in fan-only mode, LF, and divide by 

10,000 to obtain MF. The alternative approach may be used only if the resulting MF is

representative of energy use during the entire fan-only mode. 

 4.1.3 Water consumption. Measure the water consumption, V, expressed as the number 

of gallons of water delivered to the machine during the entire test cycle, using a water meter 

specified in section 3.3 of this appendix. 

 4.2 Standby mode and off mode power. Connect the dishwasher to a standby mode and 

off mode watt meter as specified in section 3.6 of this appendix. Establish the testing conditions 

set forth in sections 2.1, 2.2, and 2.5.2 of this appendix. For dishwashers that take some time to 

enter a stable state from a higher power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, note 1 of 

IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), allow sufficient time for the dishwasher to 

reach the lower power state before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the test 

procedure specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 for testing in each possible mode 
186

as described in sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of this appendix. 

 4.2.1 If the dishwasher has an inactive mode, as defined in section 1.10 of this appendix, 

measure and record the average inactive mode power of the dishwasher, PIA, in watts. 

 4.2.2 If the dishwasher has an off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix, 

measure and record the average off mode power, POM, in watts. 

5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements 

 5.1 Machine energy consumption. 

 5.1.1 Machine energy consumption for non-soil-sensing electric dishwashers. Take the 

value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this appendix as the per-cycle machine electrical energy 

consumption. Express the value, M, in kilowatt-hours per cycle. 

 5.1.2 Machine energy consumption for soil-sensing electric dishwashers. The machine 

energy consumption for the sensor normal cycle, M, is defined as: 

M = (Mhr×Fhr) + (Mmr×Fmr) + (Mlr×Flr) 

where, 

Mhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this appendix for the test of the sensor heavy 

response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

Mmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this appendix for the test of the sensor medium 

response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

Mlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.1 of this appendix for the test of the sensor light response, 

expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

Fhr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of heavy response = 0.05, 

Fmr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of medium response = 0.33, and 

Flr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of light response = 0.62. 
187

 5.1.3 Machine energy consumption during water softener regeneration for watersoftening dishwashers. The machine energy consumption for water softener regeneration, MWS, 

is defined as: 

MWS = MWScycle×NWS/N

where, 

MWScycle = the reported value of the additional machine electrical energy consumption required 

for water softener regeneration during a cycle including water softener regeneration, 

expressed in kilowatt-hours, 

NWS = the reported representative average number of water softener regeneration cycles per year, 

and

N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per year. 

 5.2 Fan-only mode energy consumption. 

 5.2.1 Electrical energy consumption for fan-only mode for non-soil-sensing electric 

dishwashers. Take the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this appendix as the per-cycle electrical 

energy consumption for fan-only mode. Express the value, EF, in kilowatt-hours per cycle. If the 

dishwasher is not capable of operation in fan-only mode, EF = 0. 

 5.2.2 Electrical energy consumption for fan-only mode for soil-sensing electric 

dishwashers. The fan-only mode electrical energy consumption, EF, for the sensor normal cycle 

is defined as: 

EF = (EFhr + EFmr + EFlr)/3 

where, 

EFhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this appendix for the test of the sensor heavy 

response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 
188

EFmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this appendix for the test of the sensor medium 

response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

EFlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.2 of this appendix for the test of the sensor light response, 

expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

 If the dishwasher is not capable of operation in fan-only mode, EF = 0. 

 5.3 Drying energy. 

 5.3.1 Drying energy consumption for non-soil-sensing electric dishwashers. Calculate 

the amount of energy consumed using the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse 

option of the normal cycle. Express the value, ED, in kilowatt-hours per cycle. 

 5.3.2 Drying energy consumption for soil-sensing electric dishwashers. The drying 

energy consumption, ED, for the sensor normal cycle is defined as: 

ED = (EDhr + EDmr + EDlr)/3 

where, 

EDhr = energy consumed using the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse option 

of the sensor heavy response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

EDmr = energy consumed using the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse option 

of the sensor medium response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

EDlr = energy consumed using the power-dry feature after the termination of the last rinse option 

of the sensor light response, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle, 

 5.4 Water consumption. 

 5.4.1 Water consumption for non-soil-sensing electric dishwashers using electrically 

heated, gas-heated, or oil-heated water. Take the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this appendix 

as the per-cycle water consumption. Express the value, V, in gallons per cycle. 
189

 5.4.2 Water consumption for soil-sensing electric dishwashers using electrically heated, 

gas-heated, or oil-heated water. The water consumption for the sensor normal cycle, V, is 

defined as: 

V = (Vhr×Fhr) + (Vmr×Fmr) + (Vlr×Flr) 

where, 

Vhr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this appendix for the test of the sensor heavy 

response, expressed in gallons per cycle, 

Vmr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this appendix for the test of the sensor medium 

response, expressed in gallons per cycle, 

Vlr = the value recorded in section 4.1.3 of this appendix for the test of the sensor light response, 

expressed in gallons per cycle, 

Fhr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of heavy response = 0.05, 

Fmr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of medium response = 0.33, and 

Flr = the weighting factor based on consumer use of light response = 0.62. 

 5.4.3 Water consumption during water softener regeneration for water-softening 

dishwashers using electrically heated, gas-heated, or oil-heated water. The water consumption 

for water softener regeneration, VWS, is defined as: 

VWS = VWScycle×NWS/N

where, 

VWScycle = the reported value of the additional water consumption required for water softener 

regeneration during a cycle including water softener regeneration, expressed in gallons 

per cycle, 
190

NWS = the reported representative average number of water softener regeneration cycles per year, 

and

N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per year. 

5.5 Water energy consumption for non-soil-sensing or soil-sensing dishwashers using 

electrically heated water. 

5.5.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only. 

5.5.1.1 Calculate the water energy consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours per 

cycle and defined as: 

W = V×T×K 

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.4.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90 °F, and 

K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 0.0024. 

5.5.1.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water softener regeneration water 

energy consumption, WWS, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as: 

WWS = VWS×T×K 

where, 

VWS = water consumption during water softener regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes 

regeneration, as determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90 °F, and 

K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 0.0024. 
191

5.5.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal inlet water temperature of 120 °F. 

5.5.2.1 Calculate the water energy consumption, W, expressed in kilowatt-hours per 

cycle and defined as: 

W = V×T×K 

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.4.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70 °F, and 

K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 0.0024, 

5.5.2.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water softener regeneration water 

energy consumption, WWS, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as: 

WWS = VWS×T×K 

where, 

VWS = water consumption during water softener regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes 

regeneration, as determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70 °F, and 

K = specific heat of water in kilowatt-hours per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 0.0024. 

5.6 Water energy consumption per cycle using gas-heated or oil-heated water. 

5.6.1 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 140 °F inlet water temperature, only. 

5.6.1.1 Calculate the water energy consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated water, 

Wg, expressed in Btu's per cycle and defined as: 

Wg= V×T×C/e 
192

where, 

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.4.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90 °F, 

C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and 

e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75, 

 5.6.1.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water softener regeneration water 

energy consumption, WWSg, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as: 

WWSg = VWS ×T×C/e 

where, 

VWS = water consumption during water softener regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes 

regeneration, as determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 90 °F, 

C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and 

e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75. 

5.6.2 Dishwashers that operate with a nominal 120 °F inlet water temperature, only. 

5.6.2.1 Calculate the water energy consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated water, 

Wg, expressed in Btu's per cycle and defined as: 

Wg= V×T×C/e 

where, 
193

V = water consumption in gallons per cycle, as determined in section 5.4.1 of this appendix for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers and section 5.4.2 of this appendix for soil-sensing 

dishwashers, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70 °F, 

C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and 

e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75. 

 5.6.2.2 For water-softening dishwashers, calculate the water softener regeneration water 

energy consumption, WWSg, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as: 

WWSg = VWS ×T×C/e 

where, 

VWS = water consumption during water softener regeneration in gallons per cycle which includes 

regeneration, as determined in section 5.4.3 of this appendix, 

T = nominal water heater temperature rise = 70 °F, 

C = specific heat of water in Btu's per gallon per degree Fahrenheit = 8.2, and 

e = nominal gas or oil water heater recovery efficiency = 0.75. 

 5.7 Annual combined low-power mode energy consumption. Calculate the annual 

combined low-power mode energy consumption for dishwashers, ETLP, expressed in kilowatthours per year, according to the following: 

ETLP = [(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K 

where: 

PIA = dishwasher inactive mode power, in watts, as measured in section 4.2.1 of this appendix for 

dishwashers capable of operating in inactive mode; otherwise, PIA=0, 

POM = dishwasher off mode power, in watts, as measured in section 4.2.2 of this appendix for 
194

dishwashers capable of operating in off mode; otherwise, POM=0,

SIA = annual hours in inactive mode as defined as SLP if no off mode is possible, [SLP/ 2] if both 

inactive mode and off mode are possible, and 0 if no inactive mode is possible, 

SOM = annual hours in off mode as defined as SLP if no inactive mode is possible, [SLP/ 2] if both 

inactive mode and off mode are possible, and 0 if no off mode is possible, 

SLP = combined low-power annual hours for all available modes other than active mode as 

defined as [H – (N×(L + LF))] for dishwashers capable of operating in fan-only mode; 

otherwise, SLP=8,465, 

H = the total number of hours per year = 8766 hours per year, 

N = the representative average dishwasher use of 215 cycles per year, 

L = the average of the duration of the normal cycle and truncated normal cycle, for non-soilsensing dishwashers with a truncated normal cycle; the duration of the normal cycle, for 

non-soil-sensing dishwashers without a truncated normal cycle; the average duration of 

the sensor light response, truncated sensor light response, sensor medium response, 

truncated sensor medium response, sensor heavy response, and truncated sensor heavy 

response, for soil-sensing dishwashers with a truncated cycle option; the average duration 

of the sensor light response, sensor medium response, and sensor heavy response, for 

soil-sensing dishwashers without a truncated cycle option, 

LF = the duration of the fan-only mode for the normal cycle for non-soil-sensing dishwashers; 

the average duration of the fan-only mode for sensor light response, sensor medium 

response, and sensor heavy response for soil-sensing dishwashers, and 

K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours. 
195

Appendix I to Subpart B of Part 430–[Amended] 

11. Appendix I to subpart B of part 430 is amended by:

 a. Revising the Note after the appendix heading; 

 b. Revising section 1. Definitions; 

 c. In section 2. Test Conditions, by: 

 1. Revising sections 2.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.2.1.2, 2.5.2, 2.6, 2.9.1.1, 

2.9.1.3, and 2.9.2.1; 

 2. Removing section 2.9.2.2; 

 d. In section 3. Test Methods and Measurements, by: 

 1. Revising sections 3.1.1, 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2, 3.1.2, and 3.1.2.1; 

 2. Adding sections 3.1.1.2.1, 3.1.1.2.2, 3.1.2.1.1, and 3.1.2.1.2; 

 3. Redesignating sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.3.1 as 3.1.4 and 3.1.4.1 and 

revising newly redesignated section 3.1.4.1; 

 4. Adding sections 3.1.3, 3.1.3.1, 3.1.3.2, and 3.1.3.3; 

 5. Revising sections 3.2.1, 3.2.1.1, 3.2.1.2, 3.2.1.3, and 3.2.1.4; 

 6. Revising section 3.2.2 and 3.2.2.1 and adding section 3.2.2.2; 

 7. Redesignating section 3.2.3 as 3.2.4 and revising newly redesignated 

section 3.2.4; 

 8. Adding new section 3.2.3; 

9. Revising sections 3.3.7 through 3.3.11; and 

10. Removing sections 3.3.12 and 3.3.13; 

e. In section 4. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements, by: 

 1. Revising sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.1.1; 
196

 2. Removing section 4.1.2.2; 

 3. Redesignating sections 4.1.2.3, 4.1.2.3.1, 4.1.2.3.2, 4.1.2.4, 4.2.1.5, 

4.1.2.5.1, 4.1.2.5.2, 4.1.2.6, 4.1.2.6.1, and 4.1.2.6.2 as 4.1.2.2, 

4.1.2.2.1, 4.1.2.2.2, 4.1.2.3, 4.1.2.4, 4.1.2.4.1, 4.1.2.4.3, 4.1.2.5, 

4.1.2.5.1, and 4.1.2.5.3; 

 4. Revising newly redesignated sections 4.1.2.2.1, 4.1.2.2.2, 4.1.2.3, 

4.1.2.4.1, 4.1.2.4.3, 4.1.2.5.1, and 4.1.2.5.3; 

 5. Adding sections 4.1.2.4.2 and 4.1.2.5.2; 

 6. Revising section 4.1.4; 

 7. Adding sections 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2; 

 8. Revising sections 4.2.1.1 and 4.2.1.2; 

9. Revising section 4.2.2.1; 

10. Adding sections 4.2.2.1.1 and 4.2.2.1.2; 

11. Revising section 4.2.2.2.2; 

12. Removing section 4.2.2.2.3; 

13. Revising section 4.2.3; 

14. Adding sections 4.2.3.1 and 4.2.3.2; and 

15. Revising section 4.3. 

 The additions and revisions read as follows: 

APPENDIX I TO SUBPART B OF PART 430–UNIFORM TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING THE 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF CONVENTIONAL RANGES, CONVENTIONAL COOKING TOPS,
197

CONVENTIONAL OVENS, AND MICROWAVE OVENS

Note: The procedures and calculations in this Appendix I need not be performed to determine 

compliance with energy conservation standards for conventional ranges, conventional cooking 

tops, conventional ovens, and microwave ovens at this time. However, any representation made 

after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL 

REGISTER] related to standby mode and off mode energy consumption of conventional ranges, 

conventional cooking tops, and conventional ovens, and any representation made after 

September 6, 2011 related to standby mode and off mode energy consumption of microwave 

ovens, must be based upon results generated under this test procedure, consistent with the 

requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). Upon the compliance date of any energy conservation 

standard that incorporates standby mode and off mode energy consumption, compliance with the 

applicable provisions of this test procedure will also be required. Future revisions may add 

relevant provisions for measuring active mode in microwave ovens. 

1. Definitions 

 1.1 Active mode means a mode in which the product is connected to a mains power 

source, has been activated, and is performing the main functions of producing heat by means of a 

gas flame, electric resistance heating, or microwave energy, or circulating air internally or 

externally to the cooking product. Delay start mode is a one-off, user-initiated, short-duration 

function that is associated with an active mode. 

 1.2 Built-in means the product is supported by surrounding cabinetry, walls, or other 

similar structures. 
198

 1.3 Combined low-power mode means the aggregate of available modes other than 

active mode, but including the delay start mode portion of active mode. 

1.4 Cycle finished mode means a standby mode in which a conventional cooking top, 

conventional oven, or conventional range provides continuous status display following operation 

in active mode. 

 1.5 Drop-in means the product is supported by horizontal surface cabinetry. 

 1.6 Fan-only mode means an active mode that is not user-selectable and in which a fan 

circulates air internally or externally to the cooking product for a finite period of time after the 

end of the heating function, where the end of the heating function is indicated to the consumer by 

means of a display, indicator light, or audible signal. 

 1.7 Forced convection means a mode of conventional oven operation in which a fan is 

used to circulate the heated air within the oven compartment during cooking. 

 1.8 Freestanding means the product is not supported by surrounding cabinetry, walls, or 

other similar structures. 

 1.9 IEC 62301 (First Edition) means the test standard published by the International 

Electrotechnical Commission, titled ―Household electrical appliances–Measurement of standby 

power,‖ Publication 62301 (First Edition 2005-06) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 1.10 IEC 62301 (Second Edition) means the test standard published by the International 

Electrotechnical Commission, titled ―Household electrical appliances–Measurement of standby 

power,‖ Publication 62301 (Edition 2.0 2011-01) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 1.11 Inactive mode means a standby mode that facilitates the activation of active mode 

by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides 

continuous status display. 
199

 1.12 Normal non-operating temperature means the temperature of all areas of an 

appliance to be tested are within 5 °F (2.8 °C) of the temperature that the identical areas of the 

same basic model of the appliance would attain if it remained in the test room for 24 hours while 

not operating with all oven doors closed. 

 1.13 Off mode means a mode in which the product is connected to a mains power source 

and is not providing any active mode or standby mode function, and where the mode may persist 

for an indefinite time. An indicator that only shows the user that the product is in the off position 

is included within the classification of an off mode. 

1.14 Primary energy consumption means either the electrical energy consumption of a 

conventional electric oven or the gas energy consumption of a conventional gas oven. 

 1.15 Secondary energy consumption means any electrical energy consumption of a 

conventional gas oven. 

1.16 Standard cubic foot (L) of gas means that quantity of gas that occupies 1 cubic foot 

(L) when saturated with water vapor at a temperature of 60 °F (15.6 °C) and a pressure of 30 

inches of mercury (101.6 kPa) (density of mercury equals 13.595 grams per cubic centimeter). 

 1.17 Standby mode means any modes where the product is connected to a mains power 

source and offers one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions which may 

persist for an indefinite time: (a) to facilitate the activation of other modes (including activation 

or deactivation of active mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or 

timer; (b) continuous functions, including information or status displays (including clocks) or 

sensor-based functions. A timer is a continuous clock function (which may or may not be 

associated with a display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and that 

operates on a continuous basis. 
200

 1.18 Thermocouple means a device consisting of two dissimilar metals which are joined 

together and, with their associated wires, are used to measure temperature by means of 

electromotive force. 

 1.19 Symbol usage. The following identity relationships are provided to help clarify the 

symbology used throughout this procedure. 

A―Number of Hours in a Year 

C―Specific Heat 

E―Energy Consumed 

Eff―Cooking Efficiency 

H―Heating Value of Gas 

K―Conversion for Watt-hours to Kilowatt-hours 

Ke―3.412 Btu/Wh, Conversion for Watt-hours to Btu‘s 

M―Mass 

n―Number of Units 

O―Annual Useful Cooking Energy Output 

P―Power 

Q―Gas Flow Rate 

R―Energy Factor, Ratio of Useful Cooking Energy Output to Total Energy Input 

S―Number of Self-Cleaning Operations per Year 

T―Temperature 

t―Time 

V―Volume of Gas Consumed 

W―Weight of Test Block 
201

2. Test Conditions 

2.1 Installation. A free standing kitchen range shall be installed with the back directly 

against, or as near as possible to, a vertical wall which extends at least 1 foot above and on either 

side of the appliance. There shall be no side walls. A drop-in, built-in, or wall-mounted appliance 

shall be installed in an enclosure in accordance with the manufacturer‘s instructions. These 

appliances are to be completely assembled with all handles, knobs, guards, and the like mounted 

in place. Any electric resistance heaters, gas burners, baking racks, and baffles shall be in place 

in accordance with the manufacturer‘s instructions; however, broiler pans are to be removed 

from the oven‘s baking compartment. 

 2.1.1 Conventional electric ranges, ovens, and cooking tops. These products shall be 

connected to an electrical supply circuit with voltage as specified in section 2.2.1 of this 

appendix with a watt-hour meter installed in the circuit. The watt-hour meter shall be as 

described in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix. For standby mode and off mode testing, these 

products shall also be installed in accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 

(Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see §430.3), disregarding the provisions regarding 

batteries and the determination, classification, and testing of relevant modes. 

 2.1.2 Conventional gas ranges, ovens, and cooking tops. These products shall be 

connected to a gas supply line with a gas meter installed between the supply line and the 

appliance being tested, according to manufacturer‘s specifications. The gas meter shall be as 

described in section 2.9.2 of this appendix. Conventional gas ranges, ovens, and cooking tops 

with electrical ignition devices or other electrical components shall be connected to an electrical 

supply circuit of nameplate voltage with a watt-hour meter installed in the circuit. The watt-hour 
202

meter shall be as described in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix. For standby mode and off mode 

testing, these products shall also be installed in accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 

62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see §430.3), disregarding the provisions 

regarding batteries and the determination, classification, and testing of relevant modes.

 2.1.3 Microwave ovens. Install the microwave oven in accordance with the 

manufacturer‘s instructions and connect to an electrical supply circuit with voltage as specified 

in section 2.2.1 of this appendix. The microwave oven shall also be installed in accordance with 

Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see §430.3). A 

watt meter shall be installed in the circuit and shall be as described in section 2.9.1.3 of this 

appendix. 

* * * * * 

 2.2.1.2 Supply voltage waveform. For conventional range, conventional cooking top, 

and conventional oven standby mode and off mode testing, maintain the electrical supply voltage 

waveform indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated 

by reference; see § 430.3). For microwave oven standby mode and off mode testing, maintain the 

electrical supply voltage waveform indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301 (First 

Edition) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

* * * * * 

 2.5.2 Standby mode and off mode ambient temperature. For conventional range, 

conventional cooking top, and conventional oven standby mode and off mode testing, maintain 

room ambient air temperature conditions as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301 

(Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). For microwave oven standby mode 

and off mode testing, maintain room ambient air temperature conditions as specified in Section 
203

4, Paragraph 4.2 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 2.6 Normal non-operating temperature. All areas of the appliance to be tested shall 

attain the normal non-operating temperature, as defined in section 1.12 of this appendix, before 

any testing begins. The equipment for measuring the applicable normal non-operating 

temperature shall be as described in sections 2.9.3.1, 2.9.3.2, 2.9.3.3, and 2.9.3.4 of this 

appendix, as applicable. 

* * * * * 

 2.9.1.1 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour meter for measuring the electrical energy 

consumption of conventional ovens and cooking tops shall have a resolution of 1 watt-hour (3.6 

kJ) or less and a maximum error no greater than 1.5 percent of the measured value for any 

demand greater than 5 watts. The watt-hour meter for measuring the energy consumption of 

microwave ovens shall have a resolution of 0.1 watt-hour (0.36 kJ) or less and a maximum error 

no greater than 1.5 percent of the measured value. 

* * * * * 

 2.9.1.3 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt meter used to measure 

conventional range, conventional cooking top, and conventional oven standby mode and off 

mode power consumption shall have a resolution as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 

62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). The watt meter used to 

measure microwave oven standby mode and off mode power consumption shall have a 

resolution as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 4.5 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by 

reference, see § 430.3), and shall also be able to record a ―true‖ average power as specified in 

Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First Edition). 

 2.9.2 Gas Measurements. 
204

 2.9.2.1 Positive displacement meters. The gas meter to be used for measuring the gas 

consumed by the gas burners of the oven or cooking top shall have a resolution of 0.01 cubic 

foot (0.28 L) or less and a maximum error no greater than 1 percent of the measured valued for 

any demand greater than 2.2 cubic feet per hour (62.3 L/h). 

3. Test Methods and Measurements 

* * * * * 

 3.1.1 Conventional oven. Perform a test by establishing the testing conditions set forth 

in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix and turn off the gas flow to the conventional 

cooking top, if so equipped. Before beginning the test, the conventional oven shall be at its 

normal non-operating temperature as defined in section 1.12 and described in section 2.6 of this 

appendix. Set the conventional oven test block W1 approximately in the center of the usable 

baking space. If there is a selector switch for selecting the mode of operation of the oven, set it 

for normal baking. If an oven permits baking by either forced convection by using a fan, or 

without forced convection, the oven is to be tested in each of those two modes. The oven shall 

remain on for one complete thermostat  ̳ ̳cut-off/cut-on‘‘ of the electrical resistance heaters or 

gas burners after the test block temperature has increased 234 °F (130 °C) above its initial 

temperature. 

 3.1.1.1 Self-cleaning operation of a conventional oven. Establish the test conditions set 

forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. Turn off the gas flow to the conventional 

cooking top. The temperature of the conventional oven shall be its normal non-operating 

temperature as defined in section 1.12 and described in section 2.6 of this appendix. Then set the 

conventional oven‘s self-cleaning process in accordance with the manufacturer‘s instructions. If 

the self-cleaning process is adjustable, use the average time recommended by the manufacturer 
205

for a moderately soiled oven. 

 3.1.1.2 Conventional oven standby mode and off mode power. Establish the standby 

mode and off mode testing conditions set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. 

For conventional ovens that take some time to enter a stable state from a higher power state as 

discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by 

reference; see § 430.3), allow sufficient time for the conventional oven to reach the lower power 

state before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the test procedure as specified in 

Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each possible mode as 

described in 3.1.1.2.1 and 3.1.1.2.2 of this appendix. For units in which power varies as a 

function of displayed time in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23 at the end of the 

stabilization period specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition), and use 

the average power approach described in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First 

Edition), but with a single test period of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional stabilization 

period until the clock time reaches 3:33. 

 3.1.1.2.1 If the conventional oven has an inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of this 

appendix, measure and record the average inactive mode power of the conventional oven, PIA, in 

watts. 

 3.1.1.2.2 If the conventional oven has an off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this 

appendix, measure and record the average off mode power of the conventional oven, POM, in 

watts. 

 3.1.2 Conventional cooking top. Establish the test conditions set forth in section 2, Test 

Conditions, of this appendix. Turn off the gas flow to the conventional oven(s), if so equipped. 

The temperature of the conventional cooking top shall be its normal nonoperating temperature as 
206

defined in section 1.12 and described in section 2.6 of this appendix. Set the test block in the 

center of the surface unit under test. The small test block, W2, shall be used on electric surface 

units of 7 inches (178 mm) or less in diameter. The large test block, W3, shall be used on electric 

surface units over 7 inches (178 mm) in diameter and on all gas surface units. Turn on the 

surface unit under test and set its energy input rate to the maximum setting. When the test block 

reaches 144 °F (80 °C) above its initial test block temperature, immediately reduce the energy 

input rate to 25±5 percent of the maximum energy input rate. After 15±0.1 minutes at the 

reduced energy setting, turn off the surface unit under test.

 3.1.2.1 Conventional cooking top standby mode and off mode power. Establish the 

standby mode and off mode testing conditions set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this 

appendix. For conventional cooktops that take some time to enter a stable state from a higher 

power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) 

(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), allow sufficient time for the conventional cooking top 

to reach the lower power state before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the test 

procedure as specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) for testing in 

each possible mode as described in sections 3.1.2.1.1 and 3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix. For units in 

which power varies as a function of displayed time in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23 at 

the end of the stabilization period specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First 

Edition), and use the average power approach described in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 

62301 (First Edition), but with a single test period of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional 

stabilization period until the clock time reaches 3:33. 

 3.1.2.1.1 If the conventional cooking top has an inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 

of this appendix, measure and record the average inactive mode power of the conventional 
207

cooking top, PIA, in watts. 

 3.1.2.1.2 If the conventional cooking top has an off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of 

this appendix, measure and record the average off mode power of the conventional cooking top, 

POM, in watts. 

3.1.3 Conventional range standby mode and off mode power. Establish the standby 

mode and off mode testing conditions set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. 

For conventional ranges that take some time to enter a stable state from a higher power state as 

discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by 

reference; see § 430.3), allow sufficient time for the conventional range to reach the lower power 

state before proceeding with the test measurement. Follow the test procedure as specified in 

Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each possible mode as 

described in sections 3.1.3.1 and 3.1.3.2 of this appendix. For units in which power varies as a 

function of displayed time in standby mode, set the clock time to 3:23 at the end of the 

stabilization period specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition), and use 

the average power approach described in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2(a) of IEC 62301 (First 

Edition), but with a single test period of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional stabilization 

period until the clock time reaches 3:33. 

 3.1.3.1 If the conventional range has an inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of this 

appendix, measure and record the average inactive mode power of the conventional range, PIA, in 

watts. 

 3.1.3.2 If the conventional range has an off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this 

appendix, measure and record the average off mode power of the conventional range, POM, in 

watts. 
208

 3.1.4 Microwave oven. 

 3.1.4.1 Microwave oven test standby mode and off mode power. Establish the testing 

conditions set forth in section 2, Test Conditions, of this appendix. For microwave ovens that 

drop from a higher power state to a lower power state as discussed in Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, 

Note 1 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), allow sufficient 

time for the microwave oven to reach the lower power state before proceeding with the test 

measurement. Follow the test procedure as specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 

(First Edition). For units in which power varies as a function of displayed time in standby mode, 

set the clock time to 3:23 and use the average power approach described in Section 5, Paragraph 

5.3.2(a), but with a single test period of 10 minutes +0/-2 sec after an additional stabilization 

period until the clock time reaches 3:33. If a microwave oven is capable of operation in either 

standby mode or off mode, as defined in sections 1.17 or 1.13 of this appendix, respectively, or 

both, test the microwave oven in each mode in which it can operate. 

* * * * *

 3.2.1 Conventional oven test energy consumption. If the oven thermostat controls the 

oven temperature without cycling on and off, measure the energy consumed, EO, when the 

temperature of the block reaches TO (TO is 234 °F (130 °C) above the initial block temperature, 

TI). If the oven thermostat operates by cycling on and off, make the following series of 

measurements: Measure the block temperature, TA, and the energy consumed, EA, or volume of 

gas consumed, VA, at the end of the last  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period of the conventional oven before the block 

reaches TO. Measure the block temperature, TB, and the energy consumed, EB, or volume of gas 

consumed, VB, at the beginning of the next  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period. Measure the block temperature, TC, 

and the energy consumed, EC, or volume of gas consumed, VC, at the end of that  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period. 
209

Measure the block temperature, TD, and the energy consumed, ED, or volume of gas consumed, 

VD, at the beginning of the following  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period. Energy measurements for EO, EA, EB, EC, 

and ED should be expressed in watt-hours (kJ) for conventional electric ovens, and volume 

measurements for VA, VB, VC, and VD should be expressed in standard cubic feet (L) of gas for 

conventional gas ovens. For a gas oven, measure in watt-hours (kJ) any electrical energy, EIO, 

consumed by an ignition device or other electrical components required for the operation of a 

conventional gas oven while heating the test block to TO.

 3.2.1.1 Conventional oven average test energy consumption. If the conventional oven 

permits baking by either forced convection or without forced convection and the oven thermostat 

does not cycle on and off, measure the energy consumed with the forced convection mode, (EO)1, 

and without the forced convection mode, (EO)2, when the temperature of the block reaches TO

(TO is 234 °F (130 °C) above the initial block temperature, TI). If the conventional oven permits 

baking by either forced convection or without forced convection and the oven thermostat 

operates by cycling on and off, make the following series of measurements with and without the 

forced convection mode: Measure the block temperature, TA, and the energy consumed, EA, or 

volume of gas consumed, VA, at the end of the last  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period of the conventional oven 

before the block reaches TO. Measure the block temperature, TB, and the energy consumed, EB, 

or volume of gas consumed, VB, at the beginning of the next  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period. Measure the block 

temperature, TC, and the energy consumed, EC, or volume of gas consumed, VC, at the end of 

that  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period. Measure the block temperature, TD, and the energy consumed, ED, or volume 

of gas consumed, VD, at the beginning of the following  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period. Energy measurements for 

EO, EA, EB, EC, and ED should be expressed in watt-hours (kJ) for conventional electric ovens, 

and volume measurements for VA, VB, VC, and VD should be expressed in standard cubic feet (L) 
210

of gas for conventional gas ovens. For a gas oven that can be operated with or without forced 

convection, measure in watt-hours (kJ) any electrical energy consumed by an ignition device or 

other electrical components required for the operation of a conventional gas oven while heating 

the test block to TO using the forced convection mode, (EIO)1, and without using the forced 

convection mode, (EIO)2.

 3.2.1.2 Conventional oven fan-only mode energy consumption. If the conventional oven 

is capable of operation in fan-only mode, measure the fan-only mode energy consumption, EOF, 

expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) of electricity consumed by the conventional oven for the 

duration of fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as specified in section 2.9.1.1 of this 

appendix. Alternatively, if the duration of fan-only mode is known, the watt-hours consumed 

may be measured for a period of 10 minutes in fan-only mode, using a watt-hour meter as 

specified in section 2.9.1.1 of this appendix. Multiply this value by the time in minutes that the 

conventional oven remains in fan-only mode, tOF, and divide by 10,000 to obtain EOF. The 

alternative approach may be used only if the resulting EOF is representative of energy use during 

the entire fan-only mode. 

3.2.1.3 Energy consumption of self-cleaning operation. Measure the energy consumption, ES, in 

watt-hours (kJ) of electricity or the volume of gas consumption, VS, in standard cubic feet (L) 

during the self-cleaning test set forth in section 3.1.1.1 of this appendix. For a gas oven, also 

measure in watt-hours (kJ) any electrical energy, EIS, consumed by ignition devices or other 

electrical components required during the self-cleaning test.

 3.2.1.4 Standby mode and off mode energy consumption. Make measurements as 

specified in section 3.1.1.2 of this appendix. If the conventional oven is capable of operating in 

inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure the average inactive mode 
211

power of the conventional oven, PIA, in watts as specified in section 3.1.1.2.1 of this appendix. If 

the conventional oven is capable of operating in off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this 

appendix, measure the average off mode power of the conventional oven, POM, in watts as 

specified in section 3.1.1.2.2 of this appendix. 

3.2.2 Conventional surface unit test energy consumption. 

 3.2.2.1 Conventional surface unit average test energy consumption. For the surface unit 

under test, measure the energy consumption, ECT, in watt-hours (kJ) of electricity or the volume 

of gas consumption, VCT, in standard cubic feet (L) of gas and the test block temperature, TCT, at 

the end of the 15 minute (reduced input setting) test interval for the test specified in section 3.1.2 

of this appendix and the total time, tCT, in hours, that the unit is under test. Measure any electrical 

energy, EIC, consumed by an ignition device of a gas heating element or other electrical 

components required for the operation of the conventional gas cooking top in watt-hours (kJ). 

 3.2.2.2 Conventional surface unit standby mode and off mode energy consumption. 

Make measurements as specified in section 3.1.2.1 of this appendix. If the conventional surface 

unit is capable of operating in inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, 

measure the average inactive mode power of the conventional surface unit, PIA, in watts as 

specified in section 3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix. If the conventional surface unit is capable of 

operating in off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix, measure the average off mode 

power of the conventional surface unit, POM, in watts as specified in section 3.1.2.1.2 of this 

appendix. 

 3.2.3 Conventional range standby mode and off mode energy consumption. Make 

measurements as specified in section 3.1.3 of this appendix. If the conventional range is capable 

of operating in inactive mode, as defined in section 1.11 of this appendix, measure the average 
212

inactive mode power of the conventional range, PIA, in watts as specified in section 3.1.3.1 of 

this appendix. If the conventional range is capable of operating in off mode, as defined in section 

1.13 of this appendix, measure the average off mode power of the conventional range, POM, in 

watts as specified in section 3.1.3.2 of this appendix. 

 3.2.4 Microwave oven test standby mode and off mode power. Make measurements as 

specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3 of IEC 62301 (First Edition) (incorporated by reference; see 

§ 430.3). If the microwave oven is capable of operating in standby mode, as defined in section 

1.17 of this appendix, measure the average standby mode power of the microwave oven, PSB, in 

watts as specified in section 3.1.4.1 of this appendix. If the microwave oven is capable of 

operating in off mode, as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix, measure the average off mode 

power of the microwave oven, POM, as specified in section 3.1.4.1 of this appendix.

* * * * * 

3.3.7 For conventional ovens, record the conventional oven standby mode and off mode 

test measurements PIA and POM, if applicable. For conventional cooktops, record the 

conventional cooking top standby mode and off mode test measurements PIA and POM, if 

applicable. For conventional ranges, record the conventional range standby mode and off mode 

test measurements PIA and POM, if applicable. 

 3.3.8 For the surface unit under test, record the electric energy consumption, ECT, or the 

gas volume consumption, VCT, the final test block temperature, TCT, and the total test time, tCT. 

For a gas cooking top which uses electrical energy for ignition of the burners, also record EIC. 

 3.3.9 Record the heating value, Hn, as determined in section 2.2.2.2 of this appendix for 

the natural gas supply. 

 3.3.10 Record the heating value, Hp, as determined in section 2.2.2.3 of this appendix for 
213

the propane supply.

 3.3.11 Record the average standby mode power, PSB, for the microwave oven standby 

mode, as determined in section 3.2.4 of this appendix for a microwave oven capable of operating 

in standby mode. Record the average off mode power, POM, for the microwave oven off mode 

power test, as determined in section 3.2.4 of this appendix for a microwave oven capable of 

operating in off mode. 

4. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements 

* * * * * 

 4.1.1 Test energy consumption. For a conventional oven with a thermostat which 

operates by cycling on and off, calculate the test energy consumption, EO, expressed in watthours (kJ) for electric ovens and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens, and defined as: 

CD AB

CD AB

O AB

O AB EE

TT

TT

EE

for electric ovens, and, 

HVV

TT

TT

HVE CD A B

CD A B

O A B

O A B

for gas ovens, 

Where: 

H = either Hn or Hp, the heating value of the gas used in the test as specified in section 

 2.2.2.2 and section 2.2.2.3 of this appendix, expressed in Btus per standard cubic foot 

(kJ/L). 

TO = 234 °F (130 °C) plus the initial test block temperature. 
214

and,

2

BA

AB

EE

E , 

2

DC

CD

EE

E ,

2

BA

AB

VV

V , 

2

DC

CD

VV

V ,

2

BA

AB

TT

T , 

2

DC

CD

TT

T ,

Where: 

TA = block temperature in °F (°C) at the end of the last  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period of the conventional oven 

before the test block reaches TO. 

TB = block temperature in °F (°C) at the beginning of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period following the 

measurement of TA. 

TC = block temperature in °F (°C) at the end of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period which starts with TB. 

TD = block temperature in °F (°C) at the beginning of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period which follows the 

measurement of TC.

EA = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the end of the last  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period before the test 

block reaches TO. 

EB = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the beginning of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period following the 

measurement of TA. 

EC = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the end of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period which starts with TB. 

ED = electric energy consumed in Wh (kJ) at the beginning of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period which follows 

the measurement of TC.

VA = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at the end of the last  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period 
215

before the test block reaches TO. 

VB = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at the beginning of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period 

following the measurement of TA. 

VC = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at the end of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period which 

starts with TB. 

VD = volume of gas consumed in standard cubic feet (L) at the beginning of the  ̳ ̳ON‘‘ period 

which follows the measurement of TC. 

4.1.1.1 Average test energy consumption. If the conventional oven can be operated with 

or without forced convection, determine the average test energy consumption, EO and EIO, in 

watt-hours (kJ) for electric ovens and Btus (kJ) for gas ovens using the following equations: 

2

O 1 O 2

O

EE

E

2

IO 1 IO 2

IO

EE

E

Where: 

(EO)1= test energy consumption using the forced convection mode in watt-hours (kJ) for electric 

ovens and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this appendix. 

(EO)2= test energy consumption without using the forced convection mode in watt-hours (kJ) for 

electric ovens and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.

(EIO)1= electrical energy consumption in watt-hours (kJ) of a gas oven in forced convection mode 

as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this appendix. 

(EIO)2= electrical energy consumption in watt-hours (kJ) of a gas oven without using the forced 
216

convection mode as measured in section 3.2.1.1 of this appendix. 

* * * * *

 4.1.2.2.1 Annual primary energy consumption. Calculate the annual primary energy 

consumption for conventional oven self-cleaning operations, ESC, expressed in kilowatt-hours 

(kJ) per year for electric ovens and in Btus (kJ) for gas ovens, and defined as: 

ESC=ES×Se×K, for electric ovens, 

Where: 

ES= energy consumption in watt-hours, as measured in section 3.2.1.3 of this appendix. 

Se= 4, average number of times a self-cleaning operation of a conventional electric oven is 

used per year. 

K= 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours. 

or 

ESC=VS×H×Sg, for gas ovens, 

Where: 

VS= gas consumption in standard cubic feet (L), as measured in section 3.2.1.3 of this 

appendix.

H= Hn or Hp, the heating value of the gas used in the test as specified in sections 2.2.2.2 and 

2.2.2.3 of this appendix in Btus per standard cubic foot (kJ/L). 

Sg= 4, average number of times a self-cleaning operation of a conventional gas oven is used 

per year. 

 4.1.2.2.2 Annual secondary energy consumption for self-cleaning operation of gas ovens. 

Calculate the annual secondary energy consumption for self-cleaning operations of a gas oven, 

ESS, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 
217

ESS = EIS × Sg × K, 

Where: 

EIS= electrical energy consumed during the self-cleaning operation of a conventional gas oven, 

as measured in section 3.2.1.3 of this appendix. 

Sg= 4, average number of times a self-cleaning operation of a conventional gas oven is used 

per year. 

K= 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours. 

 4.1.2.3 Annual combined low-power mode energy consumption of a single conventional 

oven. Calculate the annual standby mode and off mode energy consumption for conventional 

ovens, EOTLP, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

EOTLP = [(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K, 

Where: 

PIA= conventional oven inactive mode power, in watts, as measured in section 3.2.1.4 

of this appendix. 

POM = conventional oven off mode power, in watts, as measured in section 3.2.1.4 of this 

appendix.

STOT equals the total number of inactive mode and off mode hours per year; 

If the conventional oven has fan-only mode, STOT equals (8,540.1 – (tOF/60)) hours, 

where tOF is the conventional oven fan-only mode duration, in minutes, as 

measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix, and 60 is the conversion factor for 

minutes to hours; otherwise, STOT is equal to 8,540.1 hours. 

If the conventional oven has both inactive mode and off mode, SIA and SOM both equal 

STOT/2; 
218

If the conventional oven has an inactive mode but no off mode, the inactive mode annual 

hours, SIA, is equal to STOT and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal to 0; 

If the conventional oven has an off mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal to 0 and SOM

is equal to STOT; 

K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.

* * * * *

 4.1.2.4.1 Conventional electric oven energy consumption. Calculate the total annual 

energy consumption of a conventional electric oven, EAO, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per 

year and defined as: 

EAO = ECO + ESC,

Where: 

ECO= annual primary cooking energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.

ESC= annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.2.1 of 

this appendix. 

4.1.2.4.2 Conventional electric oven integrated energy consumption. Calculate the total 

integrated annual electrical energy consumption of a conventional electric oven, IEAO, expressed 

in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

IEAO = ECO + ESC + EOTLP,+ (EOF × NOE), 

Where: 

ECO= annual primary cooking energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.

ESC= annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined in section 
219

 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

EOTLP= annual combined low-power mode energy consumption as determined in section 

 4.1.2.3 of this appendix. 

EOF= fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

NOE= representative number of annual conventional electric oven cooking cycles per year, 

which is equal to 219 cycles for a conventional electric oven without self-clean capability 

and 204 cycles for a conventional electric oven with self-clean capability. 

 4.1.2.4.3 Conventional gas oven energy consumption. Calculate the total annual gas 

energy consumption of a conventional gas oven, EAOG, expressed in Btus (kJ) per year and 

defined as: 

EAOG = ECO + ESC,

Where: 

ECO= annual primary cooking energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.

ESC= annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined in section 

 4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

If the conventional gas oven uses electrical energy, calculate the total annual electrical energy 

consumption, EAOE, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

EAOE = ESO + ESS, 

Where: 

ESO= annual secondary cooking energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this 

appendix.

ESS= annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.2.2 of 
220

this appendix. 

If the conventional gas oven uses electrical energy, also calculate the total integrated annual 

electrical energy consumption, IEAOE, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

IEAOE = ESO + ESS+ EOTLP + (EOF × NOG), 

Where: 

ESO= annual secondary cooking energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.1.2 of this 

appendix.

ESS= annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.2.2 of 

this appendix. 

EOTLP= annual combined low-power mode energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.3 

of this appendix. 

EOF= fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

NOG= representative number of annual conventional gas oven cooking cycles per year, which is 

equal to 183 cycles for a conventional gas oven without self-clean capability and 197 

cycles for a conventional gas oven with self-clean capability. 

* * * * * 

 4.1.2.5.1 Conventional electric oven energy consumption. Calculate the total annual 

energy consumption, ETO, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

ETO = EACO + EASC,

Where: 

n

i

ACO CO i

E

n

E

1

1

,

is the average annual primary energy consumption for cooking, 
221

and where: 

n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ECO = annual primary energy consumption for cooking as determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.

n

i

ASC S C i

E

n

E

1

1

,

average annual self-cleaning energy consumption, 

Where: 

n = number of self-cleaning conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ESC= annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined according to section 

4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

 4.1.2.5.2 Conventional electric oven integrated energy consumption. Calculate the total 

integrated annual energy consumption, IETO, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

IETO = EACO + EASC + EOTLP + (EOF × NOE), 

Where: 

n

i

ACO CO i

E

n

E

1

1

,

is the average annual primary energy consumption for cooking, 

and where: 

n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ECO= annual primary energy consumption for cooking as determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.
222

n

i

ASC ES C i

n

E

1

1

,

average annual self-cleaning energy consumption, 

Where: 

n = number of self-cleaning conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ESC= annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined according to section 

4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

EOTLP= annual combined low-power mode energy consumption for the cooking appliance as 

determined in section 4.1.2.3 of this appendix. 

EOF= fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

NOE= representative number of annual conventional electric oven cooking cycles per year, 

which is equal to 219 cycles for a conventional electric oven without self-clean capability 

and 204 cycles for a conventional electric oven with self-clean capability. 

 4.1.2.5.3 Conventional gas oven energy consumption. Calculate the total annual gas 

energy consumption, ETOG, in Btus (kJ) per year and defined as: 

ETOG = EACO + EASC, 

Where: 

EACO= average annual primary energy consumption for cooking in Btus (kJ) per year and is 

calculated as: 

n

i

ACO CO i

E

n

E

1

1

,

Where: 

n = number of conventional ovens in the basic model. 
223

ECO= annual primary energy consumption for cooking as determined in section 4.1.2.1.1 of this 

appendix.

and,

EASC= average annual self-cleaning energy consumption in Btus (kJ) per year and is calculated 

as: 

n

i

ASC S C i

E

n

E

1

1

,

Where: 

n = number of self-cleaning conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ESC= annual primary self-cleaning energy consumption as determined according to section 

4.1.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

If the oven also uses electrical energy, calculate the total annual electrical energy consumption, 

ETOE, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

ETOE = EASO + EAAS, 

Where: 

n

i

ASO S O i

E

n

E

1

1

,

is the average annual secondary energy consumption for cooking, 

Where: 

n= number of conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ESO= annual secondary energy consumption for cooking of gas ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix. 
224

n

i

AAS ES S i

n

E

1

1

,

is the average annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption, 

Where: 

n= number of self-cleaning ovens in the basic model. 

ESS= annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption of gas ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix. 

If the oven also uses electrical energy, also calculate the total integrated annual electrical energy 

consumption, IETOE, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year and defined as: 

IETOE = EASO + EAAS + EOTLP + (EOF×NOG), 

Where: 

n

i

ASO S O i

E

n

E

1

1

,

is the average annual secondary energy consumption for cooking, 

Where: 

n= number of conventional ovens in the basic model. 

ESO= annual secondary energy consumption for cooking of gas ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

n

i

AAS ES S i

n

E

1

1

,

is the average annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption, 

Where: 

n= number of self-cleaning ovens in the basic model. 
225

ESS= annual secondary self-cleaning energy consumption of gas ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.2.2 of this appendix. 

EOTLP =annual combined low-power mode energy consumption as determined in section 4.1.2.3 

of this appendix. 

EOF= fan-only mode energy consumption as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

NOG= representative number of annual conventional gas oven cooking cycles per year, which is 

equal to 183 cycles for a conventional gas oven without self-clean capability and 197 

cycles for a conventional gas oven with self-clean capability. 

* * * * *

 4.1.4 Conventional oven energy factor and integrated energy factor. 

 4.1.4.1 Conventional oven energy factor. Calculate the energy factor, or the ratio of 

useful cooking energy output to the total energy input, RO, using the following equations: 

,

AO

O

O

E

O

R

For electric ovens, 

Where: 

OO= 29.3 kWh (105,480 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output. 

EAO= total annual energy consumption for electric ovens as determined in section 4.1.2.4.1 of 

this appendix. 

For gas ovens:

,

AOG AOE e

O

O

KEE

O

R

Where: 
226

OO= 88.8 kBtu (93,684 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output. 

EAOG= total annual gas energy consumption for conventional gas ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix. 

EAOE= total annual electrical energy consumption for conventional gas ovens as determined in 

section 4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix. 

Ke= 3,412 Btu/kWh (3,600 kJ/kWh), conversion factor for kilowatt-hours to Btu‘s. 

 4.1.4.2 Conventional oven integrated energy factor. Calculate the integrated energy 

factor, or the ratio of useful cooking energy output to the total integrated energy input, IRO, using 

the following equations: 

,

AO

O

O

IE

O

IR

For electric ovens, 

Where: 

OO= 29.3 kWh (105,480 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output. 

IEAO= total integrated annual energy consumption for electric ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.4.2 of this appendix. 

For gas ovens:

,

AOG AOE e

O

O

E IE K

O

IR

Where: 

OO= 88.8 kBtu (93,684 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output. 

EAOG= total annual gas energy consumption for conventional gas ovens as determined in section 

4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix. 
227

IEAOE= total integrated annual electrical energy consumption for conventional gas ovens as 

determined in section 4.1.2.4.3 of this appendix. 

Ke= 3,412 Btu/kWh (3,600 kJ/kWh), conversion factor for kilowatt-hours to Btus. 

* * * * * 

 4.2.1.1 Electric surface unit cooking efficiency. Calculate the cooking efficiency, EffSU, 

of the electric surface unit under test, defined as: 

,

e CT

S U

S U P

EK

T

CWEff

Where: 

W= measured weight of test block, W2 or W3, expressed in pounds (kg). 

Cp= 0.23 Btu/lb-°F (0.96 kJ/kg ÷ °C), specific heat of test block. 

TSU= temperature rise of the test block: final test block temperature, TCT, as determined in 

section 3.2.2 of this appendix, minus the initial test block temperature, TI, expressed in °F 

(°C) as determined in section 2.7.5 of this appendix. 

Ke= 3.412 Btu/Wh (3.6 kJ/Wh), conversion factor of watt-hours to Btus. 

ECT= measured energy consumption, as determined according to section 3.2.2.1 of this 

appendix, expressed in watt-hours (kJ). 

 4.2.1.2 Gas surface unit cooking efficiency. Calculate the cooking efficiency, EffSU, of 

the gas surface unit under test, defined as: 

,

3

E

TCW

Eff P S U

S U

Where: 

W3= measured weight of test block as measured in section 3.3.2 of this appendix, expressed in 
228

pounds (kg). 

Cp and TSU are the same as defined in section 4.2.1.1 of this appendix. 

and,

E = VCT + (EIC × Ke),

Where: 

VCT=total gas consumption in standard cubic feet (L) for the gas surface unit test as measured in 

section 3.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

EIC=electrical energy consumed in watt-hours (kJ) by an ignition device of a gas surface unit as 

measured in section 3.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

Ke= 3.412 Btu/Wh (3.6 kJ/Wh), conversion factor of watt-hours to Btus. 

* * * * * 

 4.2.2.1 Conventional electric cooking top 

 4.2.2.1.1 Annual energy consumption of a conventional electric cooking top. Calculate 

the annual electrical energy consumption of an electric cooking top, ECA, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) 

per year, defined as: 

,

CT

CT

CA Eff

O

E

Where: 

OCT= 173.1 kWh (623,160 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output. 

EffCT= conventional cooking top cooking efficiency as defined in section 4.2.1.3 of this 

appendix.

 4.2.2.1.2 Integrated annual energy consumption of a conventional electric cooking top. 

Calculate the total integrated annual electrical energy consumption of an electric cooking top, 
229

IECA, in kilowatt-hours (kJ) per year, defined as: 

,

CTLP

CT

CT

CA E

Eff

O

IE

Where: 

OCT= 173.1 kWh (623,160 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output. 

EffCT= conventional cooking top cooking efficiency as defined in section 4.2.1.3 of this 

appendix.

ECTLP= conventional cooking top combined low-power mode energy consumption = [(PIA × SIA) 

+ (POM × SOM)] × K, 

Where: 

PIA= conventional cooking top inactive mode power, in watts, as measured in section 

3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix. 

POM = conventional cooking top off mode power, in watts, as measured in section 

3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

If the conventional cooking top has both inactive mode and off mode annual hours, SIA

and SOM both equal 4273.4; 

If the conventional cooking top has an inactive mode but no off mode, the inactive mode 

annual hours, SIA, is equal to 8546.9, and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal 

to 0; 

If the conventional cooking top has an off mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal to 0, 

and SOM is equal to 8546.9; 

K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.

 4.2.2.2.2 Total integrated annual energy consumption of a conventional gas cooking top. 
230

Calculate the total integrated annual energy consumption of a conventional gas cooking top, 

IECA, in Btus (kJ) per year, defined as: 

IECA=ECC + ECTSO, 

Where: 

ECC= energy consumption for cooking as determined in section 4.2.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

ECTSO= conventional cooking top combined low-power mode energy consumption = [(PIA × SIA) 

+ (POM × SOM)] × K, 

Where: 

PIA= conventional cooking top inactive mode power, in watts, as measured in section 

3.1.2.1.1 of this appendix. 

POM = conventional cooking top off mode power, in watts, as measured in section 

3.1.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

If the conventional cooking top has both inactive mode and off mode annual hours, SIA

and SOM both equal 4273.4; 

If the conventional cooking top has an inactive mode but no off mode, the inactive mode 

annual hours, SIA, is equal to 8546.9, and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal 

to 0; 

If the conventional cooking top has an off mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal to 0, 

and SOM is equal to 8546.9; 

K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.

 4.2.3 Conventional cooking top energy factor and integrated energy factor. 

 4.2.3.1 Conventional cooking top energy factor. Calculate the energy factor or ratio of 

useful cooking energy output for cooking to the total energy input, RCT, as follows: 
231

 For an electric cooking top, the energy factor is the same as the cooking efficiency as 

determined according to section 4.2.1.3 of this appendix. 

 For gas cooking tops, 

,

CC

CT

CT E

O

R

Where: 

OCT= 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output of cooking top. 

ECC= energy consumption for cooking as determined in section 4.2.2.2.1 of this appendix. 

 4.2.3.2 Conventional cooking top integrated energy factor. Calculate the integrated 

energy factor or ratio of useful cooking energy output for cooking to the total integrated energy 

input, IRCT, as follows: 

 For electric cooking tops, 

,

CA

CT

CT IE

O

IR

Where: 

OCT= 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output of cooking top. 

IECA= total annual integrated energy consumption of cooking top determined according to 

section 4.2.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

 For gas cooking tops, 

,

CA

CT

CT IE

O

IR

Where: 

OCT= 527.6 kBtu (556,618 kJ) per year, annual useful cooking energy output of cooking top. 
232

IECA= total integrated annual energy consumption of cooking top determined according to 

section 4.2.2.2.2 of this appendix. 

 4.3 Combined components. The annual energy consumption of a kitchen range (e.g., a 

cooking top and oven combined) shall be the sum of the annual energy consumption of each of 

its components. The integrated annual energy consumption of a kitchen range shall be the sum of 

the annual energy consumption of each of its components plus the total annual fan-only mode 

energy consumption for the oven component, ETOF, defined as: 

ETOF = EOF × NR , 

Where, 

EOF = conventional oven fan-only mode energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours, as 

measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix. 

NR = representative number of annual conventional oven cooking cycles per year, which 

is equal to 219 cycles for a conventional electric oven without self-clean capability, 204 

cycles for a conventional electric oven with self-clean capability, 183 cycles for a 

conventional gas oven without self-clean capability, and 197 cycles for a conventional 

gas oven with self-clean capability. 

plus the conventional range integrated annual combined low-power mode energy consumption, 

ERTLP, defined as: 

ERTLP= [(PIA × SIA) + (POM × SOM)] × K 

Where: 

PIA= conventional range inactive mode power, in watts, as measured in section 3.1.3.1 

of this appendix. 

POM = conventional range off mode power, in watts, as measured in section 3.1.3.2 of 
233

this appendix. 

STOT equals the total number of inactive mode and off mode hours per year; 

If the conventional oven component of the conventional range has fan-only mode, STOT

equals (8,329.2 – (tOF/60)) hours, where tOF is the conventional oven fan-only 

mode duration, in minutes, as measured in section 3.2.1.2 of this appendix, and 60 

is the conversion factor for minutes to hours; otherwise, STOT is equal to 8,329.2 

hours. 

If the conventional range has both inactive mode and off mode, SIA and SOM both equal 

STOT/2; 

If the conventional range has an inactive mode but no off mode, the inactive mode annual 

hours, SIA, is equal to STOT, and the off mode annual hours, SOM, is equal to 0; 

If the conventional range has an off mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal to 0, and 

SOM is equal to STOT; 

K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours.

 

 The annual energy consumption for other combinations of ovens and cooktops will also 

be treated as the sum of the annual energy consumption of each of its components. The energy 

factor of a combined component is the sum of the annual useful cooking energy output of each 

component divided by the sum of the total annual energy consumption of each component. The 

integrated energy factor of other combinations of ovens and cooktops is the sum of the annual 

useful cooking energy output of each component divided by the sum of the total integrated 

annual energy consumption of each component. 
234

Appendix X to Subpart B of Part 430—[Amended] 

12. Appendix X to subpart B of part 430 is amended by adding a Note after the appendix 

heading to read as follows: 

 

APPENDIX X TO SUBPART B OF PART 430–UNIFORM TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING THE 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DEHUMIDIFIERS

 Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption, manufacturers may use either 

Appendix X or Appendix X1 to certify compliance with existing DOE energy conservation 

standards and to make any representations related to energy consumption of dehumidifiers, with 

the following exception. If the compliance date is after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER 

DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers that make 

representations related to standby mode and off mode energy consumption must use Appendix 

X1 for any representations made after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of the energy consumption of these 

products, consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

 After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption, all dehumidifiers shall be tested 

using the provisions of Appendix X1 to certify compliance with amended energy conservation 

standards and to make any representations related to energy consumption, with the following 

exception. If the compliance date is before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 
235

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers may use Appendix X for 

any representations until [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN 

THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of energy consumption of these products, consistent with the 

requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

* * * * * 

13. Add a new Appendix X1 to subpart B of part 430 to read as follows: 

APPENDIX X1 TO SUBPART B OF PART 430–UNIFORM TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING THE 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DEHUMIDIFIERS

 Note: Prior to the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption, manufacturers may use either 

Appendix X or Appendix X1 to certify compliance with existing DOE energy conservation 

standards and to make any representations related to energy consumption of dehumidifiers, with 

the following exception. If the compliance date is after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER 

DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers that make 

representations related to standby mode and off mode energy consumption must use Appendix 

X1 for any representations made after [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of the energy consumption of these 

products, consistent with the requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

 After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards that 
236

incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption, all dehumidifiers shall be tested 

using the provisions of Appendix X1 to certify compliance with amended energy conservation 

standards and to make any representations related to energy consumption, with the following 

exception. If the compliance date is before [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF 

PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER], manufacturers may use Appendix X for 

any representations until [INSERT DATE 180 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN 

THE FEDERAL REGISTER] of energy consumption of these products, consistent with the 

requirements of 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2). 

1. Scope 

 This appendix covers the test requirements used to measure the energy performance of 

dehumidifiers. 

2. Definitions 

 2.1 ANSI/AHAM DH-1 means the test standard published by the American National 

Standards Institute and the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, titled 

―Dehumidifiers,‖ ANSI/AHAM DH-1-2008, (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 2.2 Active mode means a mode in which a dehumidifier is connected to a mains power 

source, has been activated, and is performing the main functions of removing moisture from air 

by drawing moist air over a refrigerated coil using a fan, or circulating air through activation of 

the fan without activation of the refrigeration system. 

2.3 Combined low-power mode means the aggregate of available modes other than 

active mode. 

 2.4 Energy factor for dehumidifiers means a measure of energy efficiency of a 
237

dehumidifier calculated by dividing the water removed from the air by the energy consumed, 

measured in liters per kilowatt-hour (L/kWh). 

 2.5 IEC 62301 means the test standard published by the International Electrotechnical 

Commission, titled ―Household electrical appliances–Measurement of standby power,‖

Publication 62301 (Edition 2.0 2011-01) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 2.6 Inactive mode means a standby mode that facilitates the activation of active mode by 

remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides continuous 

status display. 

 2.7 Off mode means a mode in which the dehumidifier is connected to a mains power 

source and is not providing any active mode or standby mode function, and where the mode may 

persist for an indefinite time. An indicator that only shows the user that the dehumidifier is in the 

off position is included within the classification of an off mode. 

 2.8 Off-cycle mode means a standby mode in which the dehumidifier: 

 (1) Has cycled off its main function by humidistat or humidity sensor; 

 (2) Does not have its fan or blower operating; and 

 (3) Will reactivate the main function according to the humidistat or humidity sensor 

signal. 

 2.9 Product capacity for dehumidifiers means a measure of the ability of the 

dehumidifier to remove moisture from its surrounding atmosphere, measured in pints collected 

per 24 hours of continuous operation. 

 2.10 Standby mode means any modes where the dehumidifier is connected to a mains 

power source and offers one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions which 

may persist for an indefinite time: 
238

 (1) To facilitate the activation of other modes (including activation or deactivation of 

active mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer; 

 (2) Continuous functions, including information or status displays (including clocks) or 

sensor-based functions. A timer is a continuous clock function (which may or may not be 

associated with a display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching) and that 

operates on a continuous basis. 

3. Test Apparatus and General Instructions 

 3.1 Active mode. The test apparatus and instructions for testing dehumidifiers shall 

conform to the requirements specified in Section 3, ―Definitions,‖ Section 4, ―Instrumentation,‖

and Section 5, ―Test Procedure,‖ of ANSI/AHAM DH-1 (incorporated by reference, see § 

430.3). Record measurements at the resolution of the test instrumentation. Round off calculations 

to the same number of significant digits as the previous step. Round the final minimum energy 

factor value to two decimal places as follows: 

 (i) A fractional number at or above the midpoint between two consecutive decimal places 

shall be rounded up to the higher of the two decimal places; or 

 (ii) A fractional number below the midpoint between two consecutive decimal places 

shall be rounded down to the lower of the two decimal places. 

 3.2 Standby mode and off mode. 

 3.2.1 Installation requirements. For the standby mode and off mode testing, the 

dehumidifier shall be installed in accordance with Section 5, Paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301 

(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3), disregarding the provisions regarding batteries and the 

determination, classification, and testing of relevant modes. 

 3.2.2 Electrical energy supply. 
239

 3.2.2.1 Electrical supply. For the standby mode and off mode testing, maintain the 

electrical supply voltage and frequency indicated in Section 7.1.3, ―Standard Test Voltage,‖ of 

ANSI/AHAM DH-1, (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). The electrical supply frequency 

shall be maintained ± 1 percent. 

 3.2.2.2 Supply voltage waveform. For the standby mode and off mode testing, maintain 

the electrical supply voltage waveform indicated in Section 4, Paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC 62301, 

(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

 3.2.3 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt meter used to measure standby 

mode and off mode power consumption shall meet the requirements specified in Section 4, 

Paragraph 4.4 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). 

 3.2.4 Standby mode and off mode ambient temperature. For standby mode and off mode 

testing, maintain room ambient air temperature conditions as specified in Section 4, Paragraph 

4.2 of IEC 62301 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). 

4. Test Measurement 

 4.1 Active mode. Measure the energy factor for dehumidifiers, expressed in liters per 

kilowatt hour (L/kWh) and product capacity in pints per day (pints/day), in accordance with the 

test requirements specified in Section 7, ―Capacity Test and Energy Consumption Test,‖ of

ANSI/AHAM DH-1 (incorporated by reference, see § 430.3). 

 4.2 Standby mode and off mode. Establish the testing conditions set forth in section 3.2 

of this appendix, ensuring that the dehumidifier does not enter active mode during the test. For 

dehumidifiers that take some time to enter a stable state from a higher power state as discussed in 

Section 5, Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301, (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), allow 

sufficient time for the dehumidifier to reach the lower power state before proceeding with the 
240

test measurement. Follow the test procedure specified in Section 5, Paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 

62301 for testing in each possible mode as described in sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of this appendix. 

4.2.1 If the dehumidifier has an inactive mode, as defined in section 2.6 of this appendix, 

but not an off mode, as defined in section 2.7 of this appendix, measure and record the average 

inactive mode power of the dehumidifier, PIA, in watts. Otherwise, if the dehumidifier has an off 

mode, as defined in section 2.7 of this appendix, measure and record the average off mode power 

of the dehumidifier, POM, in watts. 

 4.2.2 If the dehumidifier has an off-cycle mode, as defined in section 2.8 of this 

appendix, measure and record the average off-cycle mode power of the dehumidifier, POC, in 

watts. 

5. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements 

 5.1 Annual combined low-power mode energy consumption. Calculate the annual 

combined low-power mode energy consumption for dehumidifiers, ETLP, expressed in kilowatthours per year, according to the following: 

ETLP = [(PIO × SIO) + (POC × SOC)] × K 

Where: 

PIO = PIA, dehumidifier inactive mode power, or POM, dehumidifier off mode power, in 

watts, as measured in section 4.2.1 of this appendix. 

POC = dehumidifier off-cycle mode power, in watts, as measured in section 4.2.2 of this 

appendix.

SIO = 1840,5 dehumidifier inactive mode or off mode annual hours. 

SOC = 1840,5 dehumidifier off-cycle mode annual hours. 

 K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours. 
241

 5.2 Integrated energy factor. Calculate the integrated energy factor, IEF, expressed in 

liters per kilowatt-hour, rounded to two decimal places, according to the following: 

IEF = LW / (Eactive + ((ETLP × 24) / Sactive))

Where: 

LW = water removed from the air during dehumidifier energy factor test, in liters, as 

measured in section 4.1 of this appendix. 

Eactive = dehumidifier energy factor test energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours, as 

measured in section 4.1 of this appendix. 

ETLP = standby mode and off mode annual energy consumption, in kilowatt-hours per 

year, as calculated in section 5.1 of this appendix. 

24 = hours per day. 

Sactive = 1,095, dehumidifier active mode annual hours.