CABALLO RESERVOIR

1999 SEDIMENTATION SURVEY

---

U.S. Department of the Interior

Bureau ofReclamation
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November 2000 Final

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS

Caballo Reservoir

1999 Sedimentation Survey PR

6. AUThOR(S)

Kent Collins and Ronald Ferrari

_____________________

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

Bureau ofReclamation, Technical Service Center, Denver CO 80225-0007 _______________________

9. SPONSOPJNGIMONTTOR1NG AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Federal Center, P0 Box 25007,

Denver CO 80225-0007 ______________________________

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

Hard copy available at Bureau ofReclamation Technical Service Center, Denver, Colorado. D8540

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Available from the National Technical Information Service,

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13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) surveyed Caballo Reservoir in the spring and fall of 1999 to develop a topographic

map and compute a present storage-elevation relationship (area-capacity tables). The underwater survey was conducted at

reservoir elevation 4,146.8 feet (project datum is 43.3 feet less than NGVD29). The underwater survey used sonic depth.

recording equlpment interfaced with a global positioning system (GPS) that gave continuous sounding positions throughout the

underwater portions of the reservoir covered by the survey vessel. The reservoir topography was detennined by importing digital

images of the contour lines from the U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle (USGS quail) maps of the reservoir area. The new

topographic map of Caballo Reservoir was developed from the combined 1999 underwater measured topography and the USGS

quad contours. In October 1999, standard land surveying methods were used to measure portions of the range lines located above

the reservoir water surface.

As of April 1999, at reservoir water surface elevation (feet) 4,182.0, the surface area was 11,532 acres with a total capacity of

326,672 acre-feet. Since the reservoir's initial filling in 1938, 20,064 acre-feet of sediment have accumulated in Caballo

Reservoir. Since the last reservoir survey in 1981, 4,838 acre-feet of sediment have been trapped. The average annual rate of

sediment accumulation since 1938 is 327 acre-feet and since 1981 it is 265 acre-feet

14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES

reservoir area and capacity! sedimentation! reservoir surveys! sonar! sediment dislributionl contour

area! reservoir area! sedimentation survey! global positioning system 16. PRICE CODE

17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY 20. LIMITATION OF

CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION ABSTRACT

OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT

UT UT UT UT

NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescribed by ANSI Sin. 239-IS

298-102
CABALLO RESERVOIR

1999 RESERVOIR SURVEY

by

Kent Collins

and

Ron Ferrari

Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group

Water Resources Services

Technical Service Center

Denver, Colorado

September 2000
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Bureau of Reclamations (Reclamation) Sedimentation and River

Hydraulics Group of the Technical Service Center (TSC) prepared and

published this report. Kent Collins and Ronald Ferrari of the TSC

conducted the April 1999 hydrographic survey of the main body of the

reservoir. Kent Collins conducted the fall of 1999 above water survey.

Personnel from the Elephant Butte Field Division Office assisted in the

surveys. Special thanks to Raymond Lopez for the field assistance and

coordination for conducting the surveys. Kent Collins and Ronald Ferrari

completed the data processing needed to generate the new topographic

maps, area-capacity tables, and reservoir sediment tables. Sharon Nuanes

of the TSC completed the final map development.

Mission Statements

The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect and provide

access to our Nation's natural and cultural heritage and honor our trust

responsibilities to tribes.

The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and

protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically

sound manner in the interest of the American public.

The infonnation contained in this report regarding commercial products or

finns may not be used for advertising or promotional purposes and is not

to be construed as an endorsement of any product or firm by Reclamation.

The information contained in this report was developed for the Bureau of

Reclamation; no warranty as to the accuracy, usefulness, or completeness

is expressed or implied.

II
CONTENTS

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Page

Introduction 1

Dam and reservoir 1

Swnmaiy and conclusions 2

Reservoir operations 3

Hydrographic survey equipment and method 3

GPS technology and equipment 3

Survey method and equipment 5

Caballo Reservoir Datum 5

Reservoir Topography development 6

Reservoir Sediment Distribution 7

Longitudinal distribution 7

Lateral distribution 7

Sediment Analyses 7

Width adjustment method 7

Reservoir Area and Capacity 9

1999 Storage Capacity 9

Analyses of Results 9

References 10

TABLES

Table

1 Reservoir sediment data summaly (page 1 of 3) 11

1 Reservoir sediment data summaiy (page 2 of 3) 12

1 Reservoir sediment data summary (page 3 of 3) 13

2 Summary of 1999 survey results 14

FIGURES

Figure

1 Caballo Reservoir location map 16

2 Caballo general plan and sections of dani and spiliway 17

3 Caballo Reservoir sedimentation range lines 19

4 Caballo Reservoir sedimentation range lines 21

5 Caballo Reservoir topographic map, No. 24-D-1869 23

6 Cabailo Reservoir topographic map, No. 24-D-1870 25

7 Caballo Reservoir topographic map, No. 24-D-1871 27

8 Caballo Reservoir longitudinal profiles 29

9 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 1 31

10 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 2 32

11 Sedimentationrangeprofiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 3 33

12 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 4 34

13 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 5 35

111
14 Sedimentation range proffles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 6 36

15 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 7 ..................... 37

16 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 8 ..................... 38

17 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 9 ..................... 39

18 Sedimentation range proffles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 10 .................... 40

19 Sedimentationrangeprofilesfor 1938, 1981,and 1999,range 11 .................... 41

20 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 12 .................... 42

21 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 13 .................... 43

22 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 14 .................... 44

23 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 15 .................... 45

24 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 16 .................... 46

25 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 17 .................... 47

26 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 18 .................... 48

27 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 19 .................... 49

28 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 20 .................... 50

29 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 21 .................... 51

30 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 22 .................... 52

31 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 23 .................... 53

32 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 24 .................... 54

33 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 25 .................... 55

34 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 26 .................... 56

35 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 27 .................... 57

36 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 28 .................... 58

37 Sedimentationrangeprofiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 29 .................... 59

38 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 30 .................... 60

39 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 30A ................... 61

40 Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999, range 31 .................... 62

41 Width adjustment method ..................................................... 8

42 1999 area and capacity curves .................................................. 63

iv
IITRODUCTION

Dam and Reservoir

Cab allo Dam and Reservoir are located on the Rio Grande, 25 miles downstream of Elephant Butte

Dam and 17 miles south of Truth or Consequences in Sierra County of south central New Mexico

(fig. 1). Caballo Reservoir is a multi-use reservoir with its main function being water storage for

irrigation and flood control. Caballo Reservoir is one of the two storage facilities in the Rio Grande

Project which furnishes a full irrigation water supply for approximately 178,000 acres of land and

electric power for surrounding communities and industry. Storage lost in Elephant Butte Reservoir

due to sediment deposition is partially recovered by Caballo Reservoir storage. Recreation activities

provided by Caballo Dam and Reservoir include year-round camping, boating, and fishing.

Construction of Caballo Dam began in 1936 and was completed in 1938 with first storage beginning

in January of 1938. The dam is an earthfill zoned structure with dimensions as follows:

• Structural height' 96 feet •Crest length 4,558 feet

'Hydraulic height 78 feet • Crest elevation 4,190.0 feet2

'Top width 35 feet •Top of parapet wall 4,193.0 feet

The spillway is a concrete-lined open channel in the left abutment controlled by dual 50-foot-wide

by 22.5-foot-high radial gates with top of gate (including the 1.5 foot splash plate) at elevation

4,183.5. The spillway has a crest elevation of 4,161.0 and a maximum discharge capacity of33 ,200

cubic feet per second (cfs) at reservoir elevation 4,182.0.

The outlet works, located in the left abutment, consist of an intake with trashracks, 13.5 foot

diameter circular, concrete-lined upstream tunnel, a gated chamber with four 6-foot-wide by 7.5-

foot- high pressure slide gates, a 13.5 foot diameter downstream tunnel that is horseshoe shaped and

concrete lined, and a concrete stilling basin. The outlet works were designed to pass 5,000 cfs at

reservoir elevation 4,182.0.

The total drainage area of the Rio Grande above Caballo Dam is 27,260 square miles of which 1,237

square miles is determined to contribute sediment. The majority of the sediment inflow is trapped

behind Elephant Butte Reservoir, but several tributaries flow directly into Caballo Reservoir that

contribute sediment inflow. At elevation 4,182.0, the reservoir length is around 16.7 miles and

average width is 1.1 miles.

The definition of such terms as hydraulic height," structural height," etc. may be found in manuals such

as Reclamation's Design of Small Dams and Guide for Preparation of Standing Operating Procedures for Dams and

Reservoirs, or ASCE's Nomenclature for Hydraulics.

2Elevation levels are shown in feet. All elevations shown in this report are based on the original project

datum established by U.S. Bureau of Reclamation which is 43.3 feet less than National Geodetic Vertical Datum of

1929.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

This Reclamation report presents the 1999 results of the survey of Caballo Reservoir. The 1999

survey was the fifth survey of the reservoir, but the first survey that collected extensive underwater

data throughout the reservoir for topography development. The primary objectives of the 1999

survey were to gather data needed to:

• develop reservoir topography

• compute present area-capacity relationships

• estimate storage depletion caused by sediment deposition since dam closure

The bathymetric survey was run using sonic depth recording equipment interfaced with a differential

global positioning system capable of determining sounding locations within the reservoir. The

system continuously recorded depth and horizontal coordinates of the survey boat as it navigated

along previously established sediment range lines. Data was also collected on offset lines parallel

to these sediment range lines for the underwater area of Caballo Reservoir that could be navigated

by the survey vessel. The positioning system provided information to allow the boat operator to

maintain a course along these grid lines. Water surface elevations recorded by a Reclamation gauge

during the time of collection were used to convert the sonic depth measurements to true reservoir

bottom elevations.

Since a complete above water survey was not conducted for this study the Caballo Reservoir

contours were digitized from the 1980 photo revised U.S. Geological Survey 7.5 minute quadrangle

(USGS quad) maps. The assigned USGS quad contour elevations were reduced by 43.3 feet to

match the Reclamation project datum. The 1999 topographic maps of Caballo Reservoir are a

combination of the USGS quad and underwater measured topography.

Standard land surveying techniques were used to survey the upper reservoir sediment range lines that

could not be covered during the bathymetric survey by the larger survey vessel. The survey of range

lines 16 through 31 were collected in the fall of 1999 when releases from Elephant Butte Reservoir

were minimal. Standard land survey techniques were used to measure any noted changes on these

range lines. The results from these surveys were used to develop the 1999 area and capacity tables

and to compute the volume of sediment that has accumulated since the previous surveys.

Tables 1 and 2 contain the summary of the 1999 Caballo Reservoir survey results. The 1999 survey

determined that the reservoir has a total storage capacity of 326,672 acre-feet and a surface area of

11,532 acres at reservoir elevation 4,182.0. The 1999 area and capacity tables were produced by a

computer program that uses measured contour surface areas and a curve-fitting technique to compute

the area and capacity at prescribed elevation increments (Bureau ofReclamation, 1985). The volume

of sediments that have accumulated in the reservoir since the original survey is 20,064 acre-feet

representing a total loss in reservoir capacity of 5.8 percent. The average annual sediment

accumulation rate for the 61.3 years of record is 327 acre-feet.

2
RESERVOIR OPERATIONS

Caballo Reservoir inflow and end-of-month stage records are listed in table 2 for water years 1938

through April 1999. The average annual inflow based on the 61.3 years of record was 688,700 acrefeet. The average annual inflow since the last reservoir survey, January 1981, was 823,390 acre-feet.

The streamfiow records of the gauging station located below Elephant Butte Dam, New Mexico were

used to represent the inflow for this period of records. It must be noted that these records only

reflect the total inflow from Elephant Butte Dam releases. The table shows that since the last survey

the reservoir operation has ranged from elevation 4,130.2 in water year 1984 to elevation 4,178.5

in water year 1988.

HYDROGRAPIIIC SURVEY EQUIPMENT AND METHOD

The hydrographic survey equipment was mounted in the cabin of a 24-foot trihull aluminum vessel

equipped with twin in-board motors. The hydrographic system contained on the survey vessel

consisted of a GPS receiver with a built-in radio and an omnidirectional antenna, a depth sounder,

a helmsman display for navigation, a computer, and hydrographic system software for collecting

underwater data. Power to the equipment was supplied by an on-board generator.

The shore equipment included an identical second GPS receiver with external radio and an

omnidirectional antenna. The GPS receiver and antenna were mounted on a survey tripod over a

known datum point. To obtain the maximum radio transmission range, known datum points with

clear line-of-sight to the survey boat were selected. The power for the shore unit was provided by

a 12-volt battery.

GPS Techno'ogy and Equipment

The hydrographic positioning system used at Cab allo Reservoir was Navigation Satellite Timing and

Ranging (NAVSTAR) GPS; an all-weather, radio-based, satellite navigation system that enables

users to accurately determine three-dimensional position. The NAVSTAR system's primary mission

is to provide passive global positioning and navigation for land-, air-, and sea-based strategic and

tactical forces and is operated and maintained by the Department of Defense (DOD). The GPS

receiver measures the distances between the satellites and itself and determines the receiver's

position from intersections of the multiple-range vectors. Distances are determined by accurately

measuring the time a signal pulse takes to travel from the satellite to the receiver.

The GPS receivers use the satellites as reference points for triangulating their position on earth. The

position is calculated from distance measurements to the satellites that are determined by how long

a radio signal takes to reach the receiver from the satellite. The satellites transmit signals to the GPS

receivers for distance measurements along with data messages about their exact orbital location and

operational status. At least four satellite observations are required to mathematically solve for the

four unknown receiver parameters (latitude, longitude, altitude, and time). For this hydrographic

survey, the altitude (Caballo's water surface elevation parameter) was known, which in theory meant

3
only three satellite observations were needed to track the survey vessel. During the Caballo

Reservoir survey, the best available satellites, usually 5 or more, were used for position calculations.

The GPS receiver's absolute position is not as accurate as it appears in theory because of the function

of range measurement precision, the geometric position of the satellites, and selective availability.

The absolute position determined by a single receiver canhave errors of up to 100 meters. Amethod

of collection to resolve or cancel the inherent errors of GPS is called differential GPS (DGPS).

DGPS was used during the reservoir survey to determine positions of the moving survey vessel in

real time. DGPS determines the GPS position of one receiver in reference to another and is a method

of increasing position accuracies by eliminating or minimizing the uncertainties. Differential

positioning is not concerned with the absolute position of each unit but with the relative difference

between the positions of two units, which are simultaneously observing the same satellites. The

inherent errors are mostly canceled because the satellite transmission is essentially the same at both

receivers.

At a known geographical benchmark, one GPS receiver is programmed with the known coordinates

and stationed over the geographical benchmark. This receiver, known as the master or reference

unit, remains over the known benchmark, monitors the movement of the satellites, and calculates

its apparent geographical position by direct reception from the satellites. The inherent errors in the

satellite position are determined relative to the master receiver's programmed position, and the

necessary corrections or differences are transmitted to the mobile GPS receiver on the survey vessel.

For the Cab allo Reservoir survey, position corrections were determined by the master receiver and

transmitted via a ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio link every second to the survey vessel mobile

receiver. The survey vessel's GPS receiver used the corrections along with the satellite information

it received to determine the vessel's differential location. Using DGPS results in sub-meter to meter

positional accuracies for the survey vessel compared to positional accuracies of 100 meters with a

single receiver.

The Sedimentation andRiverHydraulics Group began using Real-time Kinematic (RTK) GPS with

the 1999 Caballo and Elephant Butte Reservoirs being the first major use of the collection system.

The major benefit of RTK versus DGPS is that precise heights can be measured in real time for

monitoring water surface elevation changes along with precise positions. The basic outputs from

an RTK receiver are precise 3D coordinates in latitude, longitude, and height formatwith accuracies

on the order of 2 centimeters horizontally and 3 centimeters vertically. This output is on the GPS

datum of WGS-84 which the hydrographic collection software converted into New Mexico's

NAD83 central state plane coordinate zone. A RTK GPS system employs two receivers that track

the same satellites simultaneously just like with DGPS. The receivers track the Li C/A code and

full cycle Li and L2 carrier phases. The additional data logged from the second frequency (L2)

allows the on-the-fly centimeter level measurements. Due to internal radio problems with the RTK

GPS system during the Caballo and Elephant Butte surveys, the units were mainly used to set the

control point locations that were used during the underwater collection. A DGPS system was used

during the majority of the underwater collection providing one to two meter position accuracies.

4
Survey Method and Equipment

The 1999 hydrographic survey was the latest survey of the reservoir with the previous surveys being

the original in 1938, 1951, 1957, and 1981 (Bureau of Reclamation, 1984). A layout of the reservoir

sedimentation range line system is shown on figures 3 and 4. The 1999 underwater collection was

conducted on April 14 at reservoir water surface elevation 4,146.8 (Reclamation project datum). The

bathymetric survey was run using sonic depth recording equipment interfaced with a DGPS capable

of determining sounding locations within the reservoir. The survey system continuously recorded

reservoir depths and horizontal coordinates as the survey boat moved across the previously

established sediment range lines from range line ito range line 15. For the purpose of mapping the

reservoir bottom, offset grid lines parallel to these sediment range lines were also collected to cover

the underwater area of the reservoir. Most of the transects (grid lines) were run approximately in

a perpendicular direction to the center line of the reservoir. Data was also collected along the shore

as the boat traversed to the next transect. The survey vessel's guidance system gave directions to the

boat operator to assist in maintaining the course along these predetermined range lines and parallel

offsets. During each run, the depth and position data were recorded on the notebook computer hard

drive for subsequent processing.

The 1999 underwater data were collected by a depth sounder that was calibrated by lowering a

deflector plate below the boat by cables with known depths marked by beads. The depth sounder

was calibrated by adjusting the speed of sound, which can vary with density, salinity, temperature,

turbidity, and other conditions. The collected data were digitally transmitted to the computer

collection system via a RS-232 port. The depth sounder also produced an analog hard-copy chart

of the measured depths. These graphed analog charts were printed for all survey lines as the data

were collected and recorded by the computer. The charts were analyzed during post-processing, and

when the analog charted depths indicated a difference from the recorded computer bottom depths,

the computer data files were modified. The water surface elevation at the dam, recorded by a

Reclamation gauge, was used to convert the sonic depth measurements to lake-bottom elevations.

As stated previously the elevations are all tied to the project datum which is published as being 43.3

feet less than National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29).

The upper portion of the reservoir not covered by the 1999 large boat survey, sediment range lines

15 through 31, were surveyed in the fall of 1999. Standard land surveying techniques were used to

survey these range lines. The survey of these range lines was mainly conducted on the portions that

indicated possible change. Spot check measurements were conducted on the range lines to confirm

there were no significant changes since the previous surveys.

Caballo Reservoir Datum

A RTK GPS control survey was conducted to establish horizontal and vertical control points around

the reservoir. The horizontal control was established in New Mexico state plane coordinates, central

zone, in the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The vertical control for the established

points was in the National American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVDS8). RTK GPS water surface

measurements were periodically taken and a comparison of the reservoir water surface recorded by

5
the Reclamation gauge found they were around 45.5 feet higher. NGS published data in the study

area shows the NAVD88 elevations are around 2.2 feet higher than NGVD29 elevations. These

values comp are well with the previous studies that noted a43 .3 feet difference between the NGVD29

datum and the Reclamation project datum. The RTK GPS control was conducted with the base set

on the NGS datum point "C 366" located downstream of Caballo Dam.

RESERVOiR TOPOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT

Using ARCiTNFO, the topography of Caballo Reservoir was developed from the 1999 collected

underwater data and the 1980 photo revised USGS quad maps of the reservoir area. ARC/INFO is

a software package for development and analysis of geographic information system (GIS) layers and

development of interactive GIS applications (ESRI, 1992). GIS technology provides a means of

organizing and interpreting large data sets.

The upper contours of Caballo Reservoir were developed by digitizing the contour lines labeled

elevation 4182, 4200, 4220, and 4225 on the USGS quad maps that covered the Caballo Reservoir

area. ARC/INFO V7.0.2 geographic information system software was used to digitize the USGS

quad contours. The quad contours were transformed to New Mexico's NAD 1983 state plane central

coordinate zone using the ARC/INFO PROJECT command. The assigned quad contour elevations

were reduced by 43.3 feet to match the Reclamation project datum.

The contours digitized from USGS quad maps were used to perform a clip or boundary around the

edge of the 1999 underwater data set such that interpolation was not allowed to occur outside of this

boundary. This clip was performed using the hardcip option of the ARC/INFO CREATETIN

command.

Contours for elevations 4140.0 and below were computed from the underwater data set using the

triangular irregular network (TiN) surface modeling package within ARC/INFO. A TIN is a set of

adjacent, non-overlapping triangles computed from irregularly spaced points with x,y coordinates

and z values. TIN was designed to deal with continuous data such as elevations. The TIN software

uses a method known as Delaunay's criteria for triangulation where triangles are formed among all

data points within a polygon orboundaiy clip. This method requires that a circle drawn through the

three nodes of a triangle will contain no other point, meaning that sample points are connected to

their nearest neighbors to form triangles using all collected data preserving all collected survey

points. Elevation contours are then interpolated along the triangle elements. The TIN method is

discussed in great detail in the ARC/INFO V7.0.2 Users Documentation, (ESRI, 1992).

The linear interpolation option of the ARC/INFO TINCONTOUR command was used to interpolate

contours from the Caballo Reservoir TIN. In addition, the contours were generalized by eliminating

certain vertices along the contours. This generalization process improved the presentability of the

resulting contours by removing very small variations in the contour lines. This generalization had

little bearing on the computation of surface areas and volumes for Cab allo Reservoir since the areas

were calculated from the developed TIN. The contour topography at 2-foot intervals is presented

on figures 5 through 7, drawing numbers 24-D-1869 through 24-D-1 871.

6
RESERVOIR SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION

Longitudinal Distribution

To illustrate the sediment distribution throughout the reservoir a longitudinal profile was plotted for

the original, 1981 and 1999 reservoir conditions (figure 8). The difference between the original

thalweg and the 1981 and 1999 thalweg represents the sediment encroachment into the reservoir

since the dam closed in 1938. The average bottom elevations for each range line were used to plot

these profiles. The plot illustrates sediment deposits below range line 23 with the greatest depths

of longitudinal sediment deposits occurring downstream of range line 17. This pattern of sediment

deposition is probably due to reservoir operation since it is usually drawn down below elevation

4140 the majority of the years. Even though Elephant Butte Reservoir traps the majority of the

sediment inflowthere are several side tributaries into Caballo Reservoirthatprovide sediment inflow

during high flow conditions.

Lateral Distribution

Ground profiles of the 32 reservoir sedimentation ranges are shown on figures 9 through 40. These

profiles illustrate the general lateral distribution of sediments in the reservoir. The plots illustrate

the survey results from the original, 1981, and 1999 surveys. During the 1981 survey, the abovewater portions of each range line from each range end to the water edge were measured. For the

main portion of the reservoir, range lines 1 through 15, the results from the 1981 survey were used

to develop the range line plots for the areas not covered by the 1999 survey. The 1981 data were also

used to complete plots for the range lines above 15 for the areas of the profile that the 1999 field

crew determined there was no significant change.

SEDIMENT ANALYSES

As indicated in the reservoir topography development section, new reservoir topography and maps

were developed from the 1999 underwater data and the USGS quad contours. Due to the need of

using the 1980 USGS contours to complete the topography development of the upper contours of

the reservoir, it was decided to utilize the previous method for calculating sediment accumulation

which is called the width adjUstment method.

Width adjustment method

In some earlier resurveys new contour maps were drawn from range-line survey data where all the

contours between collected range-lines for the new map were estimated by using the original contour

map as a guide or control and estimating the new contour location based on changes that occurred

at each range-line. This method was abandoned for the constant factor method, which was further

modified to the width adjustment method described by Pemberton and Blanton (1980). In the width

adjustment method, illustrated on figure 41, the new contour area, A1, between any two ranges is

computed by applying an adjustment factor to the original contour area, A0, between the two ranges.

This adjustment factor is defined as the ratio of the new average width to the original average width

7
for both upstream and downstream ranges at the specified contour. The revised segmented surface

areas for each contour are then summed for the whole reservoir. The summarized segmented surface

area versus elevation becomes the basic input for volume computations.

A comparison of the simultaneous plots of original range profiles against the resurveyed range

profiles indicates the lateral distribution of the sediment at the measured points. Where these plots

indicate changes have occurred on the side slopes of the reservoir, an engineering judgment decision

is required to determine whether the change is due to survey inaccuracies or due to actual deposition

or erosion.

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Figure 41 - Width adjustment method for revising contour areas

On the original full scale base topography map of the reservoir, fmalized location of all reservoir

sediment ranges were marked. This divided the reservoir into storage segments defmed either by

adjacent range-lines and/or by terminal ends of the reservoir, such as the dam or upstream ends of

surface area contours. For the 1981 sedimentation study, planimetering determined the original

segmental contour surface areas between boundaries for maximum water surface of 4182 and for

each 5-foot contour from elevation 4180 to the lowest contour area within each segment. For the

original and 1999 measured range lines, the width for all contours for each segment was computed

for the 5-foot contour intervals. From these values adjustment factors were computed by dividing

the new survey average width by the original survey average width for each contour interval within

each segment. The new segmental contour areas were computed by multiplying the original contour

area by the adjustment factor. All segment areas were added together to develop the new contour

elevation versus 1999 surface areas used in the area-capacity computations.

8
RESERVOIR AREA AND CAPACITY

1999 Storage Capacity

The storage-elevation relationships based on the measured surface areas were developed using the

area-capacity computer program ACAP85 (Bureau of Reclamation, 1985). Starting from the 1999

minimum elevation 4,115, the 1999 measured surface areas at 5-foot contour intervals from elevation

4,120.0 to elevation 4,180.0 and elevation 4,182.0 provided the control parameters for computing

the 1999 Caballo Reservoir capacity. The program can compute an area and capacity at elevation

increments 0.01- to 1.0-foot by linear interpolation between the given contour surface areas. The

program begins by testing the initial capacity equation over successive intervals to ensure that the

equation fits within an allowable error limit. The error limit was set at 0.00000 1 for Caballo

Reservoir. The capacity equation is then used over the full range of intervals fitting within this

allowable error limit. For the first interval at which the initial allowable error limit is exceeded, a

new capacity equation (integrated from a basic area curve over that interval) is utilized until it

exceeds the error limit. Thus, the capacity curve is defmed by a series of curves, each fitting a

certain region of data. Final area equations are derived by differentiating the capacity equations,

which are of second order polynomial form:

y = a1 + a2x + a3x2

where:

y capacity

x = elevation above a reference base

a1 = intercept

a2 and a3 = coefficients

Results of the 1999 Caballo Reservoir area and capacity computations are listed in table 1 and

columns (8) and (9) of table 2. Listed in columns (2) and (3) of table 2 are the original surface areas

and recomputed capacity values. A separate set of 1999 area and capacity tables has been published

for the 0.01-, 0.1-, and 1-foot elevation increments (Bureau of Reclamation 1999). A description

of the computations and coefficients output from the ACAP85 program is included with these tables.

Both the original and 1999 area-capacity curves are plotted on figure 42. As of April 1999, at

elevation 4,182.0, the surface area was 11,532 acres with a total capacity of 326,672 acre-feet.

ANALYSES OF RESULTS

The Caballo Reservoir original, 1981 and 1999 area and capacity values are illustrated on figures

8 and 42 and the results are listed on tables 1 and 2. These presentations illustrate the capacity

difference that has occurred during the 61.3 years of reservoir operations. This study found that as

of April 1999, at reservoir water surface elevation (feet) 4,182.0, the surface area was 11,532 acres

with a total capacity of 326,672 acre-feet. Since the reservoir's initial filling in 1938, 20,064 acrefeet of sediment have accumulated in Caballo Reservoir. Since the last reservoir survey in 1981,

4,838 acre-feet of sediment have been trapped. The average annual rate of sediment accumulation

since 1938 is 327 acre-feet and since 1981 it is 265 acre-feet.

9
REFERENCES

American Society of Civil Engineers, 1962. Nomend aturefor Hydraulics, ASCE Headquarters,

New York.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1981. Project Data, Denver Office, Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, March 1984. Caballo Reservoir 1981 Sedimentation Survey, Rio Grande

Project, Upper Colorado Region, Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1985. Surface Water Branch, ACAP85 User's Manual, Technical

Service Center, Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1987(a). Guidefor Preparation ofStanding Operating Procedures for

Bureau of Reclamation Dams and Reservoirs, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Denver, CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1987(b). Design of Small Dams, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, April 1999. Denver Office, Cabaflo Reservoir Area and Capacity

Tables, Rio Grande Project, Upper Colorado Region, Denver CO.

Corps of Engineers, October 1994. Engineer and Design - Hydrographic Surveying, EM 1110-2-

1003 (FR), Department of the Army, Washington DC (www.usace.army.millinet/usace.docs/engmanuals/em.htm).

Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), 1992. ARC Command References.

Pemberton, E.L., and JO. Blanton, Procedures for Monitoring Reservoir Sedimentation,

"Proceedings of the Symposium on Surface Water Impoundments," Edited by H.G. Stefan, 1980.

10
RESERVOIR SEDIMENT

DATA SUMMARY

I

4

4

Caballo Reservoir

NAME OF RESERVOIR 1

DATA SHEET NO.

D 1. OWNER Bureau of Reclamation 2. STREAM Rio Grande River 3. STATE New Mexico

A 4. SEC. 19 TWP. 16 S RANGE 4 W 5. NEAREST P0 Truth or Conaequences 6. COUNTY Sierra

M 7. LAT 32° 53' 05" LONG 107' 17' 30" 8. TOP OF DAM ELEVATION 41901 9. SPILLWAY CREST EL 4161.02

R 10. STORAGE 11. ELEVATION 12. ORIGINAL 13. ORIGINAL 14. GROSS STORAGE 15. DATE

E ALLOCATION TOP OF POOL SURFACE AREA, AC CAPACITY, AR ACRE- FEET STORAGE

S BEGAN

E

R a. SURCHARGE

V b. FLOOD CONTROL

______________ _______________ 1/6/38

c. MULTIPLE USE 4182.O 11,532 346,736 346,736

R d. WATER SUPPLY 16. DATE

e. GA ON NORNAL

OPEPATION

f. CONSERVATION ________________ _______________ ________________

BEGAN

g. INACTIVE 4104.0 0 0 0 2/8/38

17. LENGTH OF RESERVOIR 16.7 MILES AVG. WIDTH OF RESERVOIR 1.08 MILES

B 18. TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA 27,260 SQUARE MILES 22. MEAN ANNUAL PRECIPITATION 8.71 INCHES

A 19. NET SEDIMENT CONTRTBUTIN AREA 1.237 SqUARE MILES 23. MEAN ANNUAL RUNOFF O.47 TNCHES

20. LENGTH 27.5 MILES AV. WIDTH 45 MILES 24. MEAN ANNUAL RUNOFF 688,7O0 ACRE-FEET

21. MAX. ELEVATION 10,000 MIN ELEVATION 4,100.5 25. ANNUAL TEMP. MEAN 64'F RANGE -16°F to 111°F4

S 26. DATE OF 27. 28. 29. TYPE OF 30. NO OF 31. SURFACE 32. CAPACITY, 33. C/I

U SURVEY PER. ACCL. SURVEY RANGES OR AREA, ACRES ACRE-FEET RATIO, AR/AR

R YRS. YRS. CONTOUR INT.

V 1/6/38 Contour)D) 5-ft(CI) 11,532 346,736 .52

D 1/15/81 43.0 43.0 Range(D) 32(R) 11,532 331,510 .50

A

T

A

4/14/99 18.3 61.3 Range(D) 32(R)9 11,532 326,672 .51

26. DATE OF 34. PERIOD 35. PERIOD WATER INFLOW, ACRE FEET WATER INFLOW TO DATE, AR

SURVEY ANNUAL

PRECIP. a. MEAN ANN. b. MAX. ANN. c. TOTAL a. MEAN ANN. b. TOTAL

1/6/38

1/15/81 631, 380' 1,930,000 27,149,333 631,380 27,149,333

4/14/99 823,390 1,693,000 15,067,967 688,700 42,217,300

26. DATE OF 37. PERIOD CAPACITY LOSS, ACRE-FEET 38. TOTAL SEDIMENT DEPOSITS TO DATE, AX

SURVEY

a. TOTAL Jb. AV. ANN. c. /MI.2-YR. a. TOTAL b. AV. ANNUAL (

c. /MI.2-YR.

1/6/38

1/15/818 15,226 354 0.286 15,226 354 0.286

4/14/99 4,838 265 0.214 20,064 327 0.265

26. DATE OF 39. AV. DRY 40. SED. DEP. TONS/MI.2-YR. 41. STORAGE LOSS, PCT. 42. SEDIMENT

SURVEY WT. )#/FT3( ___________________________

a. PERIOD b. TOTAL TO

___________

a. AV.

__________________

b. TOTAL TO

______

a.

_______

b.

1/6/38

1/15/818 75 467 467 0.102 4.391 673 673

-

4/14/99 0.094 5.787

Table 1. - Reservoir sediment data summary (page 1 of 3)

11
26.

DATE

43. DEPTH DESIGNATION RANGE BY RESERVOIR ELEVATION.

OF

SURVEY 77-67 67-57 57-47 47-37 37-27 27-17 17-7 7-CR

PERCENT OF TOTAL SEDIMENT LOCATED WITHIN DEPTH DESIGNATION

6.5 35.4 30.2 20.0 4.0 3.3 0.6 0.0

26. 44. REACH DESIGNATION PERCENT OF TOTAL ORIGINAL LENGTH OF RESERVOIR

DATE

SURVEY

0-10 10-

20

20-

30

30-

40

40-

50

50-

60

60-

70

70-

80

80-

90

90-

100

100-

105

105-

110

110-

115

115-

120

120-

125

PERCENT OF TOTAL SEDIMENT LOCATED WITHIN REACH DESIGNATION

45. RANGE IN RESERVOIR OPERATION'0

WATER YEAR MAX. ELEV. NIH. ELEV. INFLOW, Al WATER YEAR MAX. ELEV. NIH. ELEV. INFLOW, AX

1938 4129.4 4110.2 738,600

1939 4155.2 4108.1 915,600 1940 4154.2 4123.9 714,300

1941 4158.8 4119.7 692,800 1942 4182.1 4133.7 1,930,000

1943 4181.1 4119.2 807,000 1944 4176.4 4123.1 875,800

1945 4178.1 4120.6 843,200 1946 4175.9 4121.1 858,800

1947 4178.8 4119.2 707,900 1948 4165.6 4125.2 742,800

1949 4164.8 4131.8 754,600 1950 4175.2 4132.5 720,800

1951 4162.2 4121.9 451,100 1952 4153.4 4120.0 543,000

1953 4164.4 4122.0 553,700 1954 4138.6 4124.1 245,400

1955 4135.8 4121.5 211,800 1956 4131.2 4121.3 253,600

1957 4133.8 4120.2 384,400 1958 4159.1 4121.7 791,700

1959 4172.6 4133.1 699,500 1960 4160.6 4119.5 681,800

1961 4155.9 4123.7 578,600 1962 4160.1 4129.2 691,500

1963 4154.2 4134.7 509,900 1964 4138.2 4122.3 183,400

1965 4144.2 4125.5 520,900 1966 4162.0 4128.3 660,900

1967 4155.0 4133.7 433,100 1968 4162.6 4134.9 548,500

1969 4150.5 4137.6 687,000 1970 4150.7 4132.7 685,600

1971 4149.0 4122.2 516,500 1972 4143.8 4124.6 300,200

1973 4158.4 4137.0 604,300 1974 4155.2 4132.0 672,900

1975 4152.9 4134.0 646,500 1976 4152.0 4135.8 661.900

1977 4160.0 4126.3 395,900 1978 4145.0 4127.6 375,400

1979 4158.1 4130.1 574,400 1980 4160.9 4130.3 670,300

1981 4162.0 4129.1 635,300 1982 4155.1 4130.8 691,700

1983 4160.9 4139.7 662,500 1984 4158.9 4130.2 650,300

1985 4172.9 4135.9 901,000 1986 4176.7 4173.4 1,101,000

1987 4174.8 4172.3 1,693,000 1988 4178.5 4152.2 685,300

1989 4165.8 4148.1 730,800 1990 4150.1 4135.6 666,100

1991 4148.9 4134.0 573,100 1992 4154.7 4138.1 705,800

1993 4172.4 4136.5 1,061,100 1994 4178.5 4143.9 711,100

1995 4177.3 4138.4 1,184,000 1996 4171.4 4137.9 698,200

1997 4151.8 4140.2 741,300 1998 4150.3 4141.2 825,900

41i. 419.1 26A.900 ____________

46. ELEVATION - AREA - CAPACITY DATA FOR 1938 CAPACITY

ELEVATION AREA CAPACITY ELEVATION AREA CAPACITY ELEVATION AREA CAPACITY

4105

4120

4135

4150

4165

4180

1999

4105

4120

4135

4150

4165

4180

4

983

2,583

4,888

7,752

11,104

Survey

0

110

2,038

4,854

7,741

11,104

0

4,702

32,142

86,100

183,205

324,100

0

275

17,678

67,170

163,255

304,036

4110

4125

4140

4155

4170

4182

1999

4110

4125

4140

4155

4170

4182

71

1,576

3,176

5,998

8,784

11,532

Survey

0

861

2,719

5,889

8,767

11,532

187

11,100

46,540

113,315

224,545

346,736

0

2,701

29,569

94,027

204,524

326,672

4115

4130

4145

4160

4175

1999

4115

4130

4145

4160

4175

376

2,129

3,880

7,103

9,967

Survey

0

1,546

3,733

7,031

9,967

1,305

20,362

64,180

146,067

271,442

0

8,718

45,700

126,326

251,358

Table 1. - Reservoir sediment data summary (page 2 of 3)

12
I

I

4

I

41. REMARKS AND REFERENCES

1 All elevations are tied to project datum which is 43.3 feet less than National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929.

Top of parapet wall is elevation 4193.0.

2 Splllway crest elevation 4161.0. Top of active conservation pool is elevation 4172.44. Top of exclusive flood

control pool is 4182.00, which is top of radial gates. With splash plate, crest elevation is 4183.5.

Exclusive flood control pool is the top 100,000 AR (from elevation 4172.44 to elevation 4182.00). Below elevation

4172.44 is the Conservation Storage amount used for irrigation.

Bureau of Reclamation Project Data Book, 1981. Reclamation site: http://dataweb.usbr.gov. Annual precipitation

at dam of 8.71 inches (1936-1992) from NOAA/NWS.

Remove drainage area above Elephant Butte Reservoir.

6 Calculated using mean annual runoff value of 640,825 acre-feet (item 24), water years 1981 through 1999. Measured

Rio Grande flows from gage below Elephant Butte Dam (No. 08361000).

Annual inf lows from 2/81 through 4/99 measured Rio Grande river flows at Rio Grande Below Elephant Butte Dam

gage (No. 08361000)

Values from 1938 through 1981 from 1981 Sedimentation Survey report.

Parallel lines for underwater cross section data were collected at 300 foot spacing from the dam upstream to

range line 5. From range line 5 upstream to range line 15, 600 foot spacing was used for underwater data

collection. Range lines 15 through 31 were collected by land survey where accessible. The width adjustment

method was used compute new area and capacity tables as was done for previous surveys.

10 February 1938 through April 1999 USGS records, by water year.

48. AGENCY MAKING SURVEY Bureau of Reclamation

49. AGENCY SUPPLYING DATA Bureau of Reclamation DATE November 2000

Table 1. - Reservoir sediment data sunuuary (page 3 of 3)

13
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

1981 1981 1999

1938 1938 1981 1981 Measured Percent of 1999 1999 Measured Percent of Percent of

Elevation Original Area Original Capacity Survey Area Survey Capacity Sediment Volume Sediment Survey Area Survey Capacity Sediment Volume Sediment Reservoir Depth

(ft) (acres) (acre-ft) (acres) (acre-ft) (acre-ft) (%) (acres) (acre-It) (acre-ft) (%) (%)

4182.0 11532 346736 11532 331510 15226 100.0 11532 326672 20064 100.0 100.0

4180.0 11104 324100 11104 308874 15226 100.0 11104 304035 20065 100.0 97.4

4175.0 9967 271422 9967 256196 15226 100.0 9967 251358 20064 100.0 90.9

4170.0 8784 224545 8767 209361 15184 99.7 8767 204523 20022 99.8 84.4

4165.0 7752 183205 7730 168119 15086 99.1 7741 163255 19950 99.4 77.9

4160.0 7103 146067 7032 131214 14.853 97.6 7031 126325 19742 98.4 71.4

4155.0 5998 113315 5930 98809 14506 95.3 5889 94027 19288 96.1 64.9

4150.0 4888 86100 4874 71799 14301 939 4854 67170 1 8930 94.3 58.4

4145.0 3880 64180 3766 50199 13981 91.8 3733 45700 18480 92.1 51.9

4140.0 3176 46540 2804 33774 12766 83.8 2719 29569 16971 84.6 45.5

4135.0 2583 32142 2226 21199 10943 71.9 2038 17677 14465 72.1 39.0

4130.0 2129 20362 1580 11684 8678 57.0 1546 8718 11644 58.0 32.5

4125.0 1576 11100 1168 4814 6286 41.3 861 2701 8399 41.9 26.0

4120.0 983 4702 505 631 4071 26.7 110 274 4428 22.1 19.5

4115.0 376 1305 0 0 1305 8.6 0 0 1305 6.5 13.0

4110.0 71 187 187 1.2 187 0.9 6.5

4105.0 4 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0

4100.0 0

Explantation of Columns:

(1) Elevation of reservoir water surface.

(2) Original reservoir surface area.

(3) Original reservoir capacity.

(4) Reservoir surface area determined from 1981 survey.

(5) 1981 survey reservoir capacity computed using ACAP

(6) Measured sediment volume = column (3) - column (5)

(7) Measured sediment expressed as percentage of total measured sediment (15,226 acre-feet).

(8) Reservoir surface area determined from 1999 survey.

(9) 1999 survey reservoir capacity computed using ACAP

(10) Measured sediment volume = column (3) - column (9)

(11) Measured sediment expressed as percentage of total measured sediment (20,064 acre-feet).

(12) Depth of reservoir expressed as percentage of total depth (72.0 feet).

Table 2 - Summary of 1999 survey results

14
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Figure 1 - Caballo Reservoir location map.

16
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Ve-tcaI dOtum based on ortgtona)

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43.3 feet les, than the NatIonal

Geodetic Oatum of 3929

ff'lZont.l dCtt based on New MeelcoS

State Plane Coordtn*te System. West

Zone fHADO3)

Figure 4 - Caballo Rcs-voir sodiincniation rangC lines 2]
ri ;

I,

U

II

V

II

II

I

U

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N

w

I

E

S

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Verttcat dat,a base9 On Qr'glona1

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of ffeclaiaatlon fllch Is

3.3 feet less than the NatIonal

Geodet Ic Odtua of 1929

Ho.lzonta.l datte DasCd on Ne Healcos

State Plane Coo'dln,te Syste.. West

tone (NAD63) -

mitn

Iiai1m

at&iita IESfAWII

x*sr_______ inwia _______

k.,w. /w* W ' I H-I

Figurc 5 - Caballo Rcsc,voir topographic map. No. 24-D-1X69 23
.1

7,0.0.1-

700000+

IiIII!

II I'

I!

U

II

N

Ii

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43.3 feet less then the NatIonal

Geodette Gatos of (029

HorIzontal datulS based on Neo HeOICOs

Stote Plane CoordInate System. West

Zone (000083)

Wf Zd

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I"

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w. Isaâ V t

Figure 6

- abaHo Rcs-voir lopographic map. No, 24-D- i )C7() 2S
N

w E

S

1-I

S - W

k

715000+

'15

'15'

'15'

'15'

'15

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15

15

15

15

15

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Vertical datum based on orlglonal

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43.3 feet less thdn the Nat local

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Zone (74*0831

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Figwc 7 - (ibjilo RcscrvoirtopognThic nup. No. 24.-DI7I 27
4180

4175

4170

4165

4160

4155

4150

4145

>

0)

w 414O

4135

4130-

4125-

4120

4115

4110

90

Caballo Reservoir Longitudinal Average Bed Profiles

1938, 1981, and 1999 Comparison

Figure 8. - Caballo Reservoir Longitudinal Profiles

29

85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Channel Distance Upstream of Dam (thousand feet)
4220

4200 -

4180

C

(4 4160

H

a)

w

4140

4120

4100

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 1

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

1938 Original Survey

'

-1981 Survey

1 999 Survey

1c

_____ThL

-1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Distance (ft)

Figure 9. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 1.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 2

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4260

4240

4220

4200

C

4180

a,

w

4160

4140

4120

4100

0

H - - -

1938 Original Su

--1981Survey

-L 1999 Survey

-- - - __________ ________

1

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600

Distance (tt}

Figure 10. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 2.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 3

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

-

(jJ

4260

4240

4220

4200

C

4180

>

a)

w

4160

4140

4120

4100

0

193

V--198

8 Original Surve

1 Survey

H 1999 Survey

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

Distance (ft)

Figure 11. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 3.
Cabauo Sedimentation Range ProfiIes Range Line 4

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4240

4220

4200

4180

C

0

i 4160

4140

4120

4100

-500

1938 Original Suey

-1981 Survey

____

1999 Survey

: :

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500

Distance (ft)

Figure 12. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 4.
Cabatlo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 5

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4220

4200

4180

4160

(n

0)

Ui

4140

4120

4100

0

1938 Original Suey

-1981Suey

j999 Survey ___

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000

Distance (ft)

Figure 13. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 5.
4220

4200

4180

C

4160

'U

4140

4120

-

4100

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 6

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

1938OriginalSurvey

--1981 Survey

1999_Survey

__ ________I ___

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000

Distance (ft)

Figure 14. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 6.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 7

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

(JJ

4260

4240

4220

4200

C

4180

(U

w

4160

4140

4120

4100

0

_______ _________

193

-198

8 Original Surv

1 Survey

- 1999 Survey

I ____ __ ___ __

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

Distance (ft)

Figure 15. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 7.
4220

4200

4180

C

0

4160

4140

4120

4100

0

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 8

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

193

-"198

199

8 Original Surv

1 Survey

9 Survey

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Distance (ft)

7000 8000 9000

Figure 16. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 8.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 9

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4240

4220

4200

4180

(A)

a) i 4160

4140

4120

4100

0

1938 Original Survey

-1981 Survey

L

1999 Survey ____

* V

I:

__ _I

-

___

-"-.".

-

-'------'..-- ------.--

__

•

_

1?

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500

Distance (tt)

Figure 17. - Sedimentaiton range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 9.
0

4300

4280

4260

4240

4220

4200

>

w

4180

4160

4140

4120

4100

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Distance (ft)

Figure 18. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 10.

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 10

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

____ -______

F-

- -

1938 Original Su ____ _______ _____

1981 Survey

L 1999 Survey

______ _____ _____ _______

5500 6000 6500
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 11

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4240

4220

4200

C

4180

H

4160

4140

4120

0

l

1938 Original Su

--1981 Survey

L 1999 Survey

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500

Distance (ft)

Figure 19. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 11.
4260

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 12

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4240

1938 Original Survey

--1981 Survey

4220 1999 Survey

4200

0

4180

0)

Ui

4160

4140

4120

4100

0 UU lOUt) 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 bOOt) bSOO 1000 1500

Distance (ft)

Figure 20. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 12.
4240

4220

4200

CabaUo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 13

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4180

UI

4160

4140

-

vY

I

4120 -

-1000 -500

1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500

Distance (ft)

Figure 21. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 13.
4240

4220

4200

C

0

4180

Ui

4160

4140

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 14

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4120

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500

Distance (ft)

Figure 22. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 14.

1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey
4280

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 15

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4260

1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

4240 1999 Survey

4220

C

4200

Ui

LU

4180

4160

4140 -

4120 -

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500

Distance (ft)

Figure 23. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 15.
4260

4240

4220

4200

C

0

Lu 4180

4160

4140

4120

- _

0

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 16

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey

I,

-=

Th_- -

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Distance (ft)

Figure 24. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 16.
4260

4240

4220

C

0

0

i 4180

4160

4140

4120

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 17

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

'1938 Original Survey

[I1981 Survey 1999 Survey

- ____

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Distance (ft)

Figure 25. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 17.
4350

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 18

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4300

4250

C

4200

4150

1938 Original Survey

-1981 Survey

1999 Survey

4100

0 ouu iuou ioUu UUU UU iUUO UU UUU 4bUU b000 UU b000 bbUU 1000 1500

Distance (ft)

Figure 26. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 18.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 19

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4230

4220

- '1938 Original Surv1________ __________ __________ __________ 4210 - -________ __________ ________ __________ __________ __________ -1981 Survey

1999 Survey

4200 ----------- ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ --- -------- _____ -- ____ ________

4190 - __________ __________ __________ __________ _________- __________ -________

C

4180 - ______ ______ ______ ______ ____ _____ ___

'0

0)

4130

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

Distance (ft)

Figure 27. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 19.
4230

4220

4210

4200

4190

01 4180

o

0

w

4170

4160

4150

4140

4130

CabaHo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 20

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

_______

-1938 Original Survey

_________ _________ _________

1-1981 Survey

L 1999 Survey

________

IiT

__- -

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Distance (ft)

Figure 28. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 20.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 21

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4260

4240

4220

4200

0

I

i 4180

4160

4140

4120

0

- 1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

L_ 1999 Survey

I ___ /

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Distance (tt)

Figure 29. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 21.
4260

4240

4220

01 4200

t'J

4180

4160

-

Cabauo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 22

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

'1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey

4140

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Distance (ft)

7000 8000 9000

Figure 30. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 22.

- --
4230

4220

4210

4200

.- 4190

C

0

Ui •.

(J

4180 w

4170 - --

4160

4150 - -

4140

0

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 23

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

1938 Original Survey

--1981 Survey

1999 Survey

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 5000 5500 1000 1500

Distance (ft)

Figure 31. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 23.
4230

4220

4210

4200

(.11 4190

w

4180

4170

4160

4150

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 24

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

1938 Original Surveyl

-1981 Survey

1999 Survey - __________

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Distance (ft)

Figure 32. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 24.
4230

.

4220

4210

4200

ui 4190

U'

w

4180

4170

4160

4150

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 25

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

1938 OrinalSu

__ ±±I1 __ ___

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600

Distance (ft)

Figure 33. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 25.
01

o

4300

4280

4260

4240

C

4220

>

w

4200

4180

4160

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 26

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

'1938 Original Survey

-1981 Survey

L_____

1999 Survey

__ ___ ___ __ --- i:

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400

Distance (ft)

4140

Figure 34. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 26.
4300

-

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 27

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4280

1938 Original Survey

--1981 Survey

4260 1999 Survey

-""-. --<---i--- - - - - -

--.

--

4240

C

01 4220

i1

4200

4180

4160

4140

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Distance (ft)

Figure 35. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999- range 27.
4250

4240

4230

4220

4210

U, 4200

c

0)

'U

4190

4180

4170

4160

4150

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 28

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

'1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey

I

-

0

Distance (ft)

Figure 36. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 28.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 29

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4230

4220

4210

C

0

tfl

a)

tu 4190

4180

4170

4160

0

'1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey

I,

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Distance (ft)

6000 7000 8000 9000

Figure 37. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 29.
Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 30

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4250

4240

4230

4220

4210

0

o

.! 4200 w

4190

4180

4170

4160

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

Distance (ft)

Figure 38. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 30.

_____

193

--198

8 Original Surv

__________ __________ 1 Survey

L_____i!! Survey

-

r.

""
4200

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 30A

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4195

4190

4185

0

iii 4180

4175

4170

1938 Original Survey

1981 Survey

1999 Survey

\L& --'1 - _____ _____ _____ _____ tb.. _____

LA-Lt --.-.-.--

4165

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

Distance (ft)

Figure 39. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 30A.
4240

Caballo Sedimentation Range Profiles: Range Line 31

1938, 1981, and 1999 Surveys

4230

1938 Original Survey

--1981 Survey

1999 Survey

- - v- - i-i-.

4220

4210

C

4200

(U

>

4190

4180

4170

4160 -

-500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500

Distance (ft)

Figure 40. - Sedimentation range profiles for 1938, 1981, and 1999 - range 31.
Area-Capacity Curves for Caballo Reservoir

Surface Area (thousand acres)

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

----

4190

4180

4170

4160

Gi

4150

4140

4130

4120

4110

Al (VI ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________

-___ ___ ____ ____ ____ ____ __

S

-

Capacity

__ ___ _ __ ______

"I

-T I - ----- -

0 50 100 150 200 250

Capacity (thousand acre-feet)

Figure 42. - Area-capacity curves for Caballo Reservoir.

'+ I iU

4180

4170

4160

4150

0

4140

_______ - 4130

4120

4110

- 4100

300 350