— mee ee oe et oe ol

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

13-8"

2-0"

OFFICE

OFFICE

it

LIBRARY

PULL-DOWN
STAIR TO

7 ATTIC

+ ob Rt +
+7~ tl

201-6"
16-10" 3q-10"
Nt
re ——— im im
- Ut + FT = =
toe oF to + foe + aN
+ OFFICES © +OFRICE +
+ + {26h

4ORRICE + + [M.__ Basepoarn
20

+ + +

£

+

HEATER, TYP,

COMMUNICATIONS NR,

tL IS

CENTER =) (40) _
ca)

COMMUNICATIONS |

I COMMUNICATIONS |
CENTER

PROJECTION =
ROOM —|
i

}-———— BIRCH WARDROBE
WITH CABINETS:
ABOVE, TYP.

pote

STONE WALL

U oO
ENS BRINDOW AIR
RESTROOM CONDITIONER, TYP.
WOMEN'S
RESTROOM
AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE
FIRST FLOOR PLAN /T
ar,
wwe mee me PRIMARY ELEVATION
PRIMARY SPACE TERTIARY SPACE
j j SECONDARY SPACE NON-CONTRIBUTING SPACE
2 ie
& 2 ‘
‘SCALE OF FEET
DESIGNED: — | SuB_SHEET NO. TLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.

al
20 APRIL 'O1

EC

11

HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
EXISTING CONDITIONS

PARK HEADQUARTERS

GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 19. Concrete block construction visible below stucco coat. ARG
Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

‘Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Roof

* roof membrane deterioration due to water and weathering (See Appendix E, Figure 20);

* poor drainage off roof and canopies;

* — scuppers. do not drain properly;

* deteriorated flat roof membrane due to weathering, flashing, persistent leakage, pooling water;

+ failure of urethane sealant, yellowed, crumbling; and,

* problematic joints with flat overhangs, water problems at connections, evidence of efflorescence at
entrance pier and canopy junction. (See Appendix E, Figure 21)

28 Conpmions Assessment

i


Building Assessment Report Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center

Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

IV. ELECTRICAL

A. ELECTRIC SERVICE

1.

Existing Conditions

Electrical service to the building is provided by APS at 120/208V,
3-phase, 4-wire. The service disconnect is a 3P-800A circuit
breaker which in turn feeds an 800A main distribution panel located
in the basement mechanical room.

Recommendations

The existing service equipment appears to be in fair condition but is
a candidate for replacement due to its age. Recommend
teplacement.

The existing service capacity is adequate for the planned
renovation. However, the load capacity will be reviewed when the
air conditioning and computer loads are more fully established.

B. POWER DISTRIBUTION

1.

Flack + Kurtz

Existing Conditions

Panelboards for lighting and receptacle circuits are located at
various points within the building. Service to the panelboards is via
overhead conduit routing. There is some surface mounted conduit
in limited areas throughout the building. Panelboards are rated at
120/208V, 3-phase.

Recommendations

All existing panelboards should be replaced with new panels during
the renovation phase. It may be possible to replace any surface
mounted conduit with concealed conduit it thoese areas are
renovated.

Plumbing

Ref. No.: $00.02260.00

November 7, 2000

iii -6



Building Assessment Report Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
L INTRODUCTION
A. GENERAL

Flack + Kurtz

The Visitor’s Center is located on the South Rim of Grand Canyon National
Park. The site elevation is approximately 7,000 feet above sea level.

The Visitor’s Center was originally constructed in 1957 and an addition
was added in 1966. It is a two story building with a crawl space and
basement for mechanical and electrical equipment. The original purpose of
the Visitor’s Center was for use as exhibit space, ranger offices, workshops,
Jectures and collection studies. It has been renovated to include a small
library, theater and additional offices. With the completion of the new
Visitor’s Center in the fall of 2000, current plans call for the existing
Visitor’s Center to be remodeled into new Park offices.

This report provides a basic assessment of the building's HVAC, plumbing,
fire protection and electrical systems. The report is based on a review of
available building drawings and a walk through of the building on May 1s®
and 16", 2000 by Flack + Kurtz engineers. The estimation of the future
viability of existing systems is based solely on field observations. The
walk through was limited to the observation of visible equipment only.
Equipment was not tested or operated for functionality, nor were hidden
areas exposed or inspected.

Recommendations related to code issues are based on the current versions
of the Uniform Building, Electrical, Fire, Mechanical, and Plumbing codes.

Introduction

Ref. No.: $00.02260.00
November 7, 2000

I-1



RECOMMENDED
Paul Cloyd, PE/RA
Project Manager, Denver Service Center May 2, 2001

APPROVED:

Joseph Alston
Superintendent, Grand Canyon National Park . June 12, 2001

Cover: Northeast view 1957, Grand Canyon National Park Archives, photograph No. 3712



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report

Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

April 20, 2001

Figure 15. Typical office. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E


ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP.

EXISTING COMMUNICATIONS CENTER

POSSIBLE LIBRARY LOCATIONS stonn HatcHeD

MODIFIED EXIT STAIR
“ 3B SPACES + TOILET 616 SQ.FT. 8 OCCUPANTS STACK SPACE ALLOW 700 SQ. FT. 1 OCCUPANTS
OFFICE SPACE ALLOW 400 SG. FT. py 3 OCCUPANTS
Se = _ — NOTE:
-_ i
\ H | 1. AT UNPROGRAMED OPEN
_ SS i | . = oe
tor “ion Cer a Sia OFFICE SPACES, CIRCULATION
230 SQ. FT. 443 SQ. FT, 216 $0. F 174 S@.ET.PS SHALL OCCUR THROUGH THE
AFT. . FT. oa "Aes ‘4 GLAZED INFILL AREA AT PATIO.
UNPROGRAMMED LW | fd THE ENTIRE SPACE WILL BE
OPEN OFFICE SPACE Hi = ALOTTED TO OFFICE
1516 SQ. FT. IX ' weit OCCUPANCY, WITHOUT THE 20%
y ‘ = i CIRCULATION DEDUCTION.
{ 7 es APAN\G
> Tee | “Bae 1 2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES
| ta OFFICE jorrice | | orice SHALL BE CALCULATED AT 125
[248 sa. rt» | ea sa. Fr. fecal ) Li
ce + 71 40 ss a et SQ. FT. PER OCCUPANT, PER
101 SOFT ft Learn | [PP OFT GSA RECOMMENDATIONS.
LL
Hf o '
\ i XISTING OFFICE SPA
i orece ees EXISTING OFFICE SPACE
\ - =, i a5) 4 Somax GB INDIVIDUAL OFFICE 1324 SQ.FT. ® OCCUPANTS
Cet I 87 Sa. van SL MEN'S SPACES
rt i 3 GLAZING INFILL ] Ne iH aa 5 SHARED OFFICE 1546 SQ.FT. 1B OCCUPANTS.
fi if i \ Ed BETWEEN (E) Woop Ky FF ~ 1 Homer's SPACES
CommanicaTions TIT COLUMNS | icon 1 RESTROOM
COMMUNICATIONS i & —~ \ 105 ca et i TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 2425 SQ.FT. 21 OCCUPANTS
CENTER ad Let <| | = i . FT.
. fama TTT of | jo TM.
1] 240 6. FT. IF oSrancarions é if = Hl \ ——— CENTRALIZED RECEPTION - REDUCED
LDS CER | g | uH) OFFICE
Lis ‘ { & Ke ue 4a) SPACE FOR RECEPTION 108 SQ. FT. 2 OCCUPANTS
cioser Ih 159a.FT. | Zz A 360 Ft AREA SERVING ENTIR!
\ ‘elt ® — NEW-CIRCULATION SPINE _ euLOING
eae ‘| 8 S | ag \ EXPANDED OFFICE SPACE
= | 347 SQ. FT.
= PATIO I 4 INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = 624. SQ.FT. 4 OCCUPANTS
2 [| NEW ELEVATOR SPACES
| ¢ > |, MACHINE ROOM = i 2 SHARED OFFICE 444 SQ. FT. 4 OCCUPANTS
—<_ } J LOCATED AT | Hose SPACES
n sono , U BASEMENT i= ABTS — 3 rr
Ont ee ot TOTAL OFFICE SPACE (018 Sa. FT. OCCUPANTS
38IT SQ. FT. “ il
ceo | BUILDING TOTALS occriaBLe SPACE
IST FLOOR - OFFICE 10527 SG. FT. BI OCCUPANTS
He IST FLOOR - OTHER 2104 SQ.FT. 4 OCCUPANTS.
(STACK SPACE,
orrice COMMUNICATIONS,
RECEPTION)
J pee SQ.FT. 2ND FLOOR - OFFICE 4341 SQ.FT. 30 OCCUPANTS
a | TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 16412 SQ. FT. 125 OCCUPANTS
4 sa.et. |i BUILDING SPACE
Tox TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE "C"
i l FIRST FLOOR PLAN (T)
\= = 1 canons at o00R OS
eile | ry Q 2 16 N
= | | SCALE OF FEET
NEW OFFICE SPACE —, 190 58. FT. |
Hl | DESIGNED: SUB SHEET NO. THLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
3 UNPROGRAMMED OPEN OFFICE 6124 SQ.FT. 44 OCCUPANTS _— Js =
SPACES W CIRCULATION AT a . —o [} ot | came ALT | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
GLAZED PATIO INFILL - 100% OF SAL EXISTING CONDITIONS fxg.) SHEET
AREA AVAILABLE FOR OFFICES; TECH. REVIEW: C (F]
DEDUCT I100 SQ. FT. FOR PARK HEADQUARTERS =
LIBRARY Oates or =
2Q APRIL 01 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK —— =



Building Assessment Report Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center

Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

Ti. PLUMBING

1

pe
|
|
A. DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEM

Existing Conditions

There is an existing 6" domestic water service that enters at the NE
comer of the building in the basement. Pressure reducing stations
are installed prior to distribution of domestic water to the plumbing
fixtures. The building hot water system consists of two electric
water storage heaters. One is located in the basement level and one
located in the SW comer of the building in the crawl space serving
sinks.

Domestic hot water for the main restrooms was at one time
provided by solar panels located on the roof. It appears that at some
point after the initial installation the system was disconnected and
left inoperative.

Recommendations

The current systems are well maintained and appear to be
functioning without problerns. Depending on the National Park
Service’s prior experience with the solar panels they may wish to
refurbish or replace the existing solar panels for continued use.

B. FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

1.

Flack + Kurtz

Existing Conditions

There currently are no fire sprinklers in the building. The building
has 1% inch fire hose valves at various locations in the building
with 75 feet of hose. There are also fire extinguishers located
adjacent to the fire hose stations.

Recommendations

As required by NPS Directors Order #50B an automatic sprinkler
system shall be installed in any renovated park’s service building.
This can be accomplished by providing a new 4 inch fire service
and fire sprinkler protection of the building with a wet fire sprinkler
system. Remove the existing 1 1/2 inch fire hose valves. Provide a
fire department connection on the exterior of the building.

Plumbing

Ref. No.: $00.02260.00

November 7, 2000

W-4

|


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 3. This image illustrates the interior of the Visitor Center
during construction and provides excellent documentation of the
roof framing. The image is of the interior space at the front of the
building, looking west. Photo dated 1957. GCNPA Photo Number
3730.

APPENDIX D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters) «+ Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

A. SIGNIFICANCE AND INTEGRITY EVALUATION

Statement of Significance

The Grand Canyon Visitor Center and Park Headquarters is an excellent example of the Park Service’s
pursuit of a singular and aesthetically appropriate architecture for the park system in the post-war era.
Within the context of the development of a new NPS architecture, sometimes called Park Service
Modern, this early building was critical in the development of the visitor center building type. A classic
building, of its era it displays an appropriate design idiom. Using straight, clean lines and contemporary
materials, the design relied on influences of the International Style. Designed in 1954 as the Public Use
Building for the Grand Canyon, the building’s expression, materials and method of construction epito-
mize the Mission 66 campaign. The building is significant for a wide range of reasons:

* The building is an excellent illustration of the characteristics of Park Service Modern style
architecture, both on the interior and exterior;

* It served as a model of utility and function, as a prototypical visitor facility for the park sys-
tem;

+ It is the work of a prolific Park Service architect, Cecil J. Doty, in collaboration with NPS.
planners, specifically the influential Thomas C. Vint who was central in creating the NPS
tustic style of the 20’s and 30’s. Doty is the Park Service in-house architect most closely
affiliated with Mission 66 architecture;

+ It is a significant expression of planning and design practices developed by the NPS in the
Mission 66 period;

+ — Its materials, glass, stucco, steel and concrete, achieve a modem expression and are identi-
fied with the post-war era; and

* — Its construction methods are typical of the era.

The building, an ambitious project of its type, though altered, is largely intact and remains an excellent
example of one of the earliest National Park visitor centers, and powerfully recalls a specific architectur-
al era in American history.

Period of Significance

The years 1954 through 2000 mark the period of significance for the Grand Canyon Visitor Center and
Park Headquarters. The Mission 66 program was initiated by the National Park Service in 1956 and was
to be completed by the soth anniversary of the agency in 1966. Earlier planning and development pro-
jects, however, set important precedents for the program and determined much of the character of its
planning and architectural development. The Mission 66 era, in the broadest sense, began in 1945,
when the postwar phase of park planning and design began at the Park Service.21

Conrad L. Wirth, who initiated the program as Park Service director, stepped down in 1964. His succes-

sor continued Mission 66 and initiated a subsequent program, Parkscape, intended to be finished in time
for the Yellowstone centennial in 1972. The Mission 66 era therefore did not end in 1966 since this year

SIGNIFICANCE AND INTEGRITY EVALUATION = 17



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report = + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 24. Tapered column at north elevation, shifted off steel base
plate, a large split at bottom and exposure of the vertical steel
dowel within the column. Damage caused by car. ARG Photo, dated
May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



ag Bi jhe 13/095"
ayy
Ul sg} y f .
EINER 2 2 (a 108M
De * (by samyos WAS aD ales Sure
SREY \ . yale
as y a Se L.. ——,S~
ast ° re TU T °
dk & % Ch (a a a cre ul IF Perrnne ®
aj 8] B/N ' ; ne ol
di § iy em se Woo TT — - —_— ye
i x g BS i- 091 4
u E ~~ [org ofl — seemeciafinemreen apace sneflons asemey
5 GF) (Oe , ‘ a
3 5 | & 3 oe, 4 pasty Yo & gl qed
: Ne 4 i a Bes
332 EN sp a, | pou fy r
re —_
. e* je ‘ee y, ey :
an ee . Af Fungo? poe we
eI SS Sa aa to
fe a eid E { 1 Madar
5 | - AY <— 474 Se com Vi -
=) ry a. > -_ / N pest / = * by
Ss 4p ld ; 4 ai * ~
<i i sawyen poor 7 ke A Sa) —
Qu . Yrsod Pas2A0>.-» A “ 9 var >
Ot os 4 (We oe
ze Z hes 1 4 | Pe Z
3 La “be it
Q sou)
| ° ot) ge | posh { iad pe] | 3
I yey Walid 3
ry)
2 we mene
= Ol 9
. i-9} THISIA
s 008
”A



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters
April 20, 2007

* Code Analysis + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

ADAAG 4.1.6 (1) (a) requires that alterations to
existing building not reduce the number of
accessible means of egress. The building currently
has two accessible means of egress; however, the
removal of the ramp at the front elevation will
reduce this number to one.

The main entry shall continue to serve as one of the
required means of entry and egress. The removal of
the vestibules will provide the proper clearances at
the doors. The entry / egress doors at the north
covered walk can be modified to provide the
second means of egress. A single 3’-0” door leaf
should replace the narrow double doors. The
interior vestibule should be removed. A 1:20
exterior ramp from the asphalt parking area to the
covered concrete walk should be installed to span
the 4-6” difference in levels. The creation of a
second accessible entry / exit near the parking lot
will provide better access than the existing ramp.

Chapter 11 of the UBC require an accessible path of
travel, including accessible parking and/or drop-off,
and an accessible path to the building and all of its
primary functions.

Provide an accessible parking lot with an accessible
path from parking spaces to the accessible entry.
Provide handrail extensions at stairs. Provide
accessible toilet rooms, including proper door
widths, and drinking fountains. Modify kitchen for
accessibility. Replace existing door hardware with
levers. Provide ADA room signage within the
building and site signage at the exterior.

Although an elevator is not required under ADA ,
installation of an elevator, serving the second floor,
would better conform with the Park’s intent of
providing greater accessibility to all buildings.
ADAAG Section 4.1.6 (1) (k), Exception i,
indicates that installation of an elevator is not
required in alteration projects, provided the project
meets the requirements of Section 4.1.3. This
section does not require elevators for private
facilities that are less than three stories or that have
less than 3000 square feet per story.

The exception for stories less than 3000 square feet
should be used for the split level at the north wing,
as it will be difficult to locate an elevator serving all
three levels, without major disruption to the existing
office configurations.

ADAAG Section 4.5.1 requires that accessible paths
of travel provide level floor surfaces. Changes in
floor level up to 4” vertical are allowed. Changes
up to 4” are allowed with a bevel.

‘The existing flagstone paving at the entry, lobby,
and patio is irregular in nature. For the most pari, it
meets ADA requirements. However, a few areas
exceed the allowance. A waiver should be obtained
for the existing condition.

ADAAG Section 4.13.5 and UBC Section
1003.3.1.3 require that exit doors provide 32” clear
opening width.

Many of the office doors in the 1955 portions of the
building are 2’-8” wide, with 31.5” between jambs.
ADAAG 4.1.6 (3) (4) allows a 5/8” projection into
the required clearance for existing buildings. The
hinges at the existing doors should be replaced with
offset hinges to allow for a 31.5” clear opening
when the doors are in the fully opened position.



jistoric Structure Report « Grand Canyon National Park

January 29, 2001 : Architectural Resources Group

The fixtures and tile finishes at the restroom appear to be original to the building. Overall, they are in
good condition and should remain in place wherever possible. It seems fogical to maintain the centrally-
located, existing visitor restrooms as plumbing is already in place and the fixture count is close to the
requirements for office occupancy.

- At the current time, the park has a shortage of office space, and many employees are forced to work in

crowded, outdated conditions. New office planning for the park headquarters should provide a mini-
mum of 125 square feet per person, per GSA recommendations. The building wiring should be fully
upgraded for communications networks.

Requirements for Treatment

" In concise terms, this text outlines applicable laws, regulations, and functional requirements. Specific

attention should be given to issues of human safety, fire protection, energy conservation, abatement of
hazardous materials, and handicapped accessibility.

The rehabilitation shall conform to NPS cultural policies and guidelines. It will be reviewed for compli-
ance with the GMP, NEPA, Section 106 of the NHPS, and all applicable codes and standards required by
law and NPS policy. The building codes used for analysis include the 1997 Uniform Building Code
(UBC), 1997 Uniform Code for Building Conservation, and Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards.

The treatments recommended in this report will have effects on the cultural resource; however, it is
intended that the treatments will result in benefits providing for a higher level of resource preservation
than is now provided. Some proposed work will include actions that could be considered to have nega-
tive effects. One of the most important design criteria, however, is that the modifications be designed to
minimize these effects, both physically and visually. Those negative effects will be mitigated by provid-

. ing an improved environment for the building preservation and the safety of the users. Further evalua-

tion will be necessary when the recommendations are developed to a level of design detail specific
enough to definitively identify particular building fabric impacts.

Human Safety (Egress)
The code requires that egress occur through fire-resistive corridors providing direct access to an exit.

_ However, if a sprinkler system is installed, non-rated corridors may be used for exiting. The path of
” egress from one area may not pass through intervening rooms. The courtyard is considered an interven-

ing room, unless it provides direct access to a corridor or exit. One of the two required means of egress

~ from the courtyard does not provide direct access to an exit; the locker room prohibits direct access. It

should be removed and the area returned to its original use as corridor space. Several treatment alterna-
tives call for the removal of the 3-hour, class A roll-up fire door near the lobby so that an elevator may
be installed. This door is no longer necessary; it served as an occupancy separation between the offices

‘TREATMENT AND Use 9-35.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 27. Image shows the information desk in the lobby circa 1990s. Courtesy of Denver Service
Center. -

APPENDIX D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

increases building accessibility.

Negative aspects associated with Alternative B:

* ramping of second floor interior hallway requires modification of Office 220, 222, 224 and 225;
Offices 220 and 222 are currently separate offices - they will need to be altered to become shared
offices with only one corridor door; Offices 224 and 225 shall be combined and have only one cor-
tidor door; and,

* original lobby configuration and function compromised by alterations; reception space partially
teduced.

42 TREATMENT AND USE

f
i
i
i



—_- Oo

“|

ARCHITECTURAL _ReoURCES GROUP,

EXPANDED ATTIC STORAGE SPACE

1 ATIC.
STORAGE

2152 SQ, Ft.

OFEN TO
PATIO

on

605 SQ. FT

NOT ELEVATOR

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE Accessia.e

ZINDIVIDUAL OFFICE 2515 FT 2 OCCUPANTS
SPACES Hl
| SHARED OFFICE 24S FT 2 OCCUPANTS
SPACE {

i
TOTAL OFFICE SPACE SOK SQ.FT 4 OCCUPANTS.

ELEVATOR

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE accesso.

WINDIVIOVAL OFFICE «1425 SQ.FT I OCCUPANTS.
SPACES {
2 SHARED OFFICE 8425 FT 7 OCCIPANTS.
SPACE i
TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 7165 SQFT 16 OCCUPANTS

NEW OFFICE SPACE AT ADDITION

2 SHARED OFFICE
SPACES

8 OCCUPANTS

(012 5a. FT

EXIT STAIR

BUILDING TOTALS occumianle space

‘2ND FLOOR - OFFICE

16T FLOOR - OFFICE 10577 SQ.FT. 81 OCCPANTS:
(ST FLOOR - OTHER 210K SQ.FT, 4 OCCUPANTS,
(STACK SPACE,

COMMINIGATIONS,

RECEPTION.

4381 SQ.FT 30 OCCUPANTS:

TOTAL OCCUPLABLE
BUILDING SPACE

les $2 FT — 125 OCCUPANTS |

TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE "C"
MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN g&

— = = & © 3B % x
E i cuore
| AT UNPROERAMED OPEN OFFICE SPACES, CIRCULATION SHALL ! a
OCCUR THROUGH THE GLAZED INFILL AREA AT PATIO. THE ENTIRE 4 rf af Deseney [SUR SHEET Mo, THE OF SHEET DRANG NO
SPACE VILL. BE ALONTED 10.OFFICE OCCIFANCY, WIHT THE 20% + i] = = Fwy ALT VALUE ANALYSIS ——_
oRaM ul o a u — | TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES Jae T See
2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES SHALL BE CALCULATED AT 125 SQ FT, Teo ReMi C {EI
PER OCCUPANT, PER GSA RECOMMENDATIONS. oa PARK HEADQUARTERS
29 JAN OV GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARI pI
5



ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

NEW OFFICE SPACE
UNPROGRAMMED OPEN 5690 $@. FT. x BO =

MODIFIED EXIT STAR“ |

q OFFICE SPACE 4552 SQ. FT. 36 OCCUPANTS
(- ES aa ia aaa az, = == Noe:
~—
NS , og ace 1, AT UNPROGRAMED OPEN
ae ores Ts =e ot OFFICE SPACES, 20% OF THE
230 $0. FT, 443.50.Ft, |S 218 6Q. FI. TOTAL AREA SHALL BE
. ee vat cy ALLOTTED FOR CIRCULATION /
nice 7 ——————— et an oe ae SERVICE.
ofpice / Onrice NEW ELEVATOR AND \ 4 i ; » OPEN AND SHARED ¢PAct
OPEN OFFICE SPACE OPEN OFFICE SPACE MACHINE ROOM —_j[\. cI — 7 D SHARED SPACES
1080 SQ. FT. 742 SQ. FT. N _—-, = == SHALL BE CALCULATED AT 125
FT. FT. i L
< OFFICE ‘ ma ZU/ SQ. FT. PER OCCUPANT, PER
4 e -- fica | orgice onsice | orice GSA RECOMMENDATIONS.
1 ry] ~a 248 Sa. F | fae
in on = =H ial ne FT | [55 5a. FT.
— . ad
fT)
i 4 cree i EXISTING OFFICE SPACE
| . Bore RAUL
ki Hl ETS 5 INDIVIDUAL OFFICE 164 SQ.FT. 5 OCCUPANTS
Hf Hl 181$@. FET i NS SPACES
tf / ae a
— } 7" RESTROOM
UNPROGRAMMED i c By | ee 4 SHARED OFFICE 1199 5Q. FT. 4 OCCUPANTS
OPEN OFFICE SPACE eric OFFICE i WOMEN'S
5690 SQ. FT. g) RESTROOM 2 OPEN OFFICE 1622 SQ.FT. 14 OCCUPANTS.
| e} SPACES

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 3185 SQ. FT. 28 OCCUPANTS

a ce ce

RELOCATED LIBRARY

NEW WINDOWS IN EXISTING PATIO WALL.

j STACK SPACE / WL SQ. FT. 1 OCCUPANTS
il i READING ROOM
4 j \ : I asa. FT. 2 SHARED OFFICE 312 SQ.FT. 3 OCCUPANTS
i 7 rr i SPACES
! =~ i RELOCATED COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
5 SPACES + UNISEX 895 SQ.FT. 1 OCCUPANTS

ACCESSIBLE TOILET

BUILDING TOTALS occuriaBLe SPACE
1ST FLOOR - OFFICE = B12. SG. FT. 6T OCCUPANTS
IST FLOOR - OTHER 3016 SQ.FT. 1 OCCUPANTS

(STACK SPACE,
COMMUNICATIONS,
RECEPTION)
' 2ND FLOOR - OFFICE 3181 SQ. FT. 23 OCCUPANTS
1410 SQ. FT.
i ‘ 198 SQ. FT. ‘| TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 14,475 SQ.FT. |OT OCCUPANTS.
f RECEPTION FOR FIRST Ul ta sat. || BUILDING SPACE
_ FLOOR NORTHANEST WING L
Li i CoM EGP LOCATED NY | = nae
I RECEPTION] FOR FIRST FINISHED, BASEMENT TO WEST 4 O TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE "A'
i FLOOR EAST/SOUTH WING ane FIRST FLOOR PLAN (T)
\S — — ; “ LANDING AT DOOR VY
= 2 2 ew ‘
Fi SS eel
onpice one ee | SOLE OF FEET
190 SQ, FT. 225 SQ. FT. | on 7
CENTRALIZED RECEPTION / DISPLAY ([pesioneo: [sua SHEET no. THE OF SHEET vaNG NO.
my ALT | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT -
SPACE FOR MULTIPLE RECEPTION 410 SQ.FT. 3 OCCUPANTS DRAWN: EXISTING CONDITIONS
AREAS SERVING ENTIRE BUILDING, TECH. REVIEW: A
EMPLOYEE DISPLAYS REVIEW: "|
wae PARK HEADQUARTERS
20_APRIL_OF GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK ——|F



Building Assessment Report Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE PAGE
L INTRODUCTION. ..0..sessscsasscssseseteccecevecseecsseeesrtesessconscaneenstasceacsatecanssenessneentecses 1
IL HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING .......c:-s:sssescsssesessees 2
TH, PLUMBING uu... escseccssssseesseecsseecsessssonsessessssssessnessncaneccecsanseasesseenicsunsssneseneennscssananse 4
Tv. ELECTRICAL...

Vv. SITE PHOTOS ....ccssssssssesessssecscvvecsuvecsssnteetsnnesnascenaessansceesansnnceaneesnnecssenetenecseness 13
Flack + Kurtz Table of Contents
Ref. No: S00.02260.00
November 7, 2000

TOC



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

serve all levels via one elevator without a major disruption the original office configuration. The code
allows floors of less than 3000 square feet to be exempt from elevator access; however, they should ful-
fill other accessibility requirements. Therefore, the intermediate level at the northwest corer of the
building will not have elevator access. The remainder of the second floor is split in two levels, offset of
by 12”. Elevator access will be provided for these two levels, either with a three stop elevator, or a two
stop elevator and ramp.

Refer to the code analysis located in Appendix C for a discussion of other accessibility upgrades neces-
sary to maintain an accessible path of travel throughout the site and building.

Structural

The building structure is in good condition. If a renovation or addition requires. work to more than 10
percent of the structure, the building will need to be upgraded to meet current structural codes. For fur-
ther discussion, see the Structural Assessment located in Appendix H.

Other

Building security is provided with card reading devices at various doors throughout the building. These
readers will need to be relocated and supplemented once various departments are assigned to areas of
the building.

38 TREATMENT AND USE

\
i


INFILL FLOOR AREAS AT (E) MODIFIED ATTIC STORAGE SPACE
ATTIC STORAGE AREA —\ /

(in

ATTIC ACCESS HATCH WITH
PULL-DOWN STAIRS -
LOCATE ABOVE CORRIDOR

Mi

STORAGE
MO}

i
i
! ATTIC
(
i
{ 1018 SQ.FT,

ATTIC.
STORAGE

i
i Eee)

t 1251 SQ. FT.
:

'

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP.

OFFICE
[pren)
247 SQ. FT.

MODIFY (E) RESTROOMS oe ft
FOR ACCESSIBILITY:

OFFICE
226 SQ. FT.
nA
_

\ eae :
116 SQFT,

OFFICE

Si SQ. FT.

467 SQ. FT.

605 SQ. FT,

TELECOM/

a

i

NEW ELEVATOR J

NEW EXTERIOR
EXIT STAIR

DATA OFFICE
(ean ea
10 $a. FT, 138 SQ. FT.
mas ae 3
= = Si
NOT ELEVATOR
EXISTING OFFICE SPACE accessipe
2 INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = .2575Q.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS
SPACES
| SHARED OFFICE 2475Q.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS
SPACE
TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 504.SQ.FT. 4 OCCUPANTS
ELEVATOR
EXISTING OFFICE SPACE accessipie
IINDIVIDUAL OFFICE 1923 SQ.FT. OCCUPANTS.
SPACES
2. SHARED OFFICE 842 SG. FT. 1 OCCUPANTS
SPACE
TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 2165 SQ.FT. 18 OCCUPANTS.

NEW OFFICE SPACE AT ADDITION

2 SHARED OFFICE 1012 SQ, FT. & OCCUPANTS
SPACES

BUILDING TOTALS occupiaBLe sPAce

IST FLOOR - OFFICE 2811 SQ.FT, 68 OCCUPANTS
IST FLOOR - OTHER 2626 SQ.FT. 16 OCCUPANTS
(STACK SPACE,

COMMUNICATIONS,

RECEPTION)

2ND FLOOR - OFFICE 4341 SQ.FT. 30 OCCUPANTS
TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 15.118 SQ. FT. 4 OCCUPANTS:
BUILDING SPACE

TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE “B"
MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN (T)

if 2 Qo & le N
SCALE OF FEET
|. AT UNPROGRAMED OPEN OFFICE SPACES,
20% OF THE TOTAL AREA SHALL BE DESIGNED: SuB_SHEET NO. THLE OF SHEET ORAWING NOL
ALLOTTED FOR CIRCULATION / SERVICE. ALT HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | —-—
2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES SHALL BE SAL | EXISTING CONDITIONS Pxe.| SHEET
CALCULATED AT 125 SQ. FT. PER OCCUPANT, TECH. REVIEW: 7
PER GSA RECOMMENDATIONS. DATE: PARK HEADQUARTERS
20 APRIL ot GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Visitor Genter + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Appendix E. Photographs of Existing Conditions.



As the nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our
nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering sound use of our land and water
resources; protecting our fish, wildlife, and biological diversity; preserving the environmental and cultural
values of our national parks and historical places; and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor
recreation. The department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to.ensure that their
development is in the best interests of all our people by encouraging stewardship and citizen participation in
their care, The department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for
people who live in island territories under U.S. administration.

NPS D-556, May 2001



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report

Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

April 20, 2001

Figure 22. Deterioration at chimney flue. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

39: Researching A Historic Property. 1991.
Watts, M. T. Reading the Landscape of America, 1957.

Whiffen, Marcus. American Architecture Since 1780: A Guide to the Styles. Cambridge: The MIT
Press, 1969.

Wirth, Conrad L. Parks, Politics, and the People. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1980.

BisuiosraPHy 49



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report = * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 11. This image illustrates an historic boat display in interior courtyard of the Grand Canyon Visitor
Center. The building program sought to educate. Exhibits and displays of all types were included. Many disciplines
of history and science related to the Canyon formed a part of the educational program. Photo dated 1959. GCNPA
Photo Number 3424.

Aprenoix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 200r Architeccural Resources Group

In August, 1956, Architectural Record reported that Mission 66 would produce “simple contemporary
buildings that perform their assigned function and respect their environment.” The magazine also
emphasized that while this policy had traditionally led to the use of stone and redwood, “preliminary
designs for the newer buildings show a trend toward more liberal use of steel and glass.” 8 The materi-
als that composed modem buildings, inexpensive steel, concrete and glass, were economical for the Park
Service budget and, consequently allowed the construction of more new park facilities. In addition, the
widespread use and acceptance of these materials resulting in increasing availability and decreased
expense. Changes in building technology and pre-fabricated architectural elements offered economic
advantages over more crafismanship-oriented techniques.

In the post-war period, the prospect of moder architecture in the national parks was shocking to some,
but despite criticism, the Park Service felt it had remained consistent with its tradition of architectural
design in harmony with the landscape. The design objective behind the use of rustic architecture was
adapted to fit contemporary design decisions. According to Director Wirth, Mission 66 buildings were
intended to blend into the natural landscape, but through their plain appearance rather than by identifica-
tion with natural features.?

Visitor Center: New Building Type

During the Mission 66 era, the Park Service built housing, maintenance areas, roads, entrance stations,
parking lots, campgrounds, comfort stations, picnic shelters, concessionaire buildings, and other park
facilities intended to serve park visitors and facilitate park management. But the hallmark of the
Mission 66 program was the park visitor center. One hundred and nine visitor centers were slated for
construction over the ten-year period. This new type of park facility was intended to not only “embody
new park visitor management policies, but also the spirit of Mission 66, which looked forward to an
efficient Park Service for the modern age.”10

The updated facility, equipped with basic services and educational exhibits, was alternately known in its
early stages as an “administrative-museum building,” “public service building,” or “public use build-

" ing.” As this range of labels suggests, Park Service was struggling not only to combine museum ser-

vices and administrative facilities but to develop a new building type that would supplement old-fash~
ioned museum exhibits with modern methods of interpretation. In February 1956, Director Wirth issued
a memorandum to help clarify the use of terminology applied to the new buildings, explaining that
“there are differences in the descriptive title, although most of the buildings are similar in purpose, char-
acter and use”! From then on Wirth expected park staff to use “visitor center” for every such facility,
even in place of Park Headquarters when it is a major point of visitor concentration.” !2

Historica, BACKGROUND 9



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters < Historic Structure Report ¢ Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group ‘April 20, 2001

restrooms, installation of double-glazed windows throughout the building, a modernized, efficient
mechanical systern, a building fire suppression system, repaired and updated wall finishes, new floor
coverings, upgraded wiring for computer and communications networks, and improvements to the build-
ing’s entry and egress areas to facilitate accessibility. Separately, users of the building and park admin-
istrators have expressed the need to upgrade mechanical, electrical and telecommunications systems.

The information presented herein provides the basis for evaluating future alterations that may be pro-
posed for the Grand Canyon Park Headquarters and will aid in the rehabilitation and stabilization of this
significant park structure. As a building of the recent past, it has not been well-documented nor have
maintenance records been consistently retained. The project team has developed a more thorough analy-
sis of the structure’s place within the context of post-war park architecture. This document defines the
elements that give the building its architectural character and help convey its significance. The contents
of this Historic Structure Report (HSR) are:

* aconcise historic context associated with the building and its architect;

+ a detailed chronology of building development including alterations and maintenance through time;

+ an evaluation of the period of significance, historic integrity, and historic significance of the struc-
ture;

an evaluation of building conditions;

a list of character-defining features;

updated existing conditions drawings; and

plans that identify the primary, secondary and tertiary spaces of significance within the building.

The historical research portion of the report is based primarily on existing historical source material at
the Grand Canyon National Park Archives and on other materials made available by NPS, including the
National Register of Historic Places Draft Nomination Form titled Grand Canyon Public Use Building.
Several NPS staff members of the Engineering and Maintenance divisions of the Grand Canyon
National Park were consulted regarding the maintenance history of the building. Additional secondary
research was conducted using materials within the libraries of the University of California at Berkeley,
the library at the Grand Canyon National Park, the library at the San Francisco office of the National
Park Service, at significant Bay Area research collections, and in the ARG Library. The level of research
requested for this report was "thorough" — one of three levels of investigation (exhaustive, thorough,
and limited) as described by NPS Director’s Order - 28. “Thorough” research is defined by DO-28 as
follows:

For historical studies this means research in selected published and documentary sources of
known or presumed relevance that are readily accessible without extensive travel and that
promise expeditious extraction of relevant data, interviewing all knowledgeable persons who
are readily available, and presenting findings in no greater detail than required by the task
directive.

2 Executive SumMARY

/_ a on



Building Assessment Report Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center

Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

iL. HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING

A. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

In general the heating and ventilating equipment seemed to be in good
working order and have been fairly well maintained through the years.
However, most of the equipment is at the end of its operational lifetime.
The plans of the existing conditions appear to be reasonably accurate with
only a few deviations and undocumented changes.

B. AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

1.

Flack + Kurtz

Existing Conditions

The Visitor’s Center is heated by two fuel oil fired hot water
boilers. The first one (Kewanee No.3R10) was installed in 1957
with the original building and the second (National-US M-4102)
was installed in 1966 with the renovation. Fuel oil is stored in an
underground tank located just outside the building. Two heating
hot water pumps (Circ Pump’s 1&2) circulate hot water throughout
the building. The boilers and pumps are located in a small
basement on the north side of the building. The heat is delivered to
the spaces primarily through a perimeter finned tube radiation
system. Typically finned tube radiation elements are located under
each window in all of the spaces. In the old study collection and
workshop areas ceiling hung hot water unit heaters provide heat for
the spaces.

In the old exhibit spaces there is a multi-zone air handling unit
(AHU) which provides outside air, heating and cooling for the
theater, bookstore/gift shop and library. The air handling unit is
located in the crawl space under the theater area with supply and
return ducts running in the crawl space to the old exhibit spaces.
The ductwork above the crawl space was rerouted in 1977 to
accommodate the theater revisions and now primarily serves that
space. The AHU has a hot water coil, cooling coil and three zones.
Outside air is provided through an architectural wall louver and
enters the AHU through a mixed air plenum.

Cooling was not provided in the building except for the original
exhibit spaces with the multi-zone AHU. Cooling water for the air
handling unit is provided by a cecling tower located in the
basement with the boilers. A pump located in the crawl space next

Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning

Ref. No.: S00.02260.00

November 7, 2000



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon Nationat Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

Preferred Alternative

Alternative B: More Space via Second Floor Addition is the preferred treatment alternative because it is
the most balanced solution for providing more usable office space while retaining or enhancing key ele-
ments of the original Doty design. Alternative B comes close to capturing the circulation and expansive,
interior spaces of the original design while allowing a reasonable amount of space to be dedicated to
new office use. These reasons are more fully explained below:

* The scheme provides solutions to facilitate the building’s use as space for offices by:
Increasing usable office space; moving the elevator closer to the entrance lobby; adding new win-
dows to south and east walls of the courtyard interior to provide additional light to new interior
office spaces; improving security for the communications center in a more autonomous location with
a dedicated entrance; and, improving office space functionality and flexibility by the layout of con-
tinuous flow of space.

* The scheme respects the building’s historic fabric and the structure’s original design by:
Retaining interior volumes; providing a centralized and logical reception at main entrance; recreat-
ing the circulation pattern of the original design; adding usable office space with minimal impact to
building appearance; minimizing the visual impact of the addition at the principal elevation as the
elevator shaft is located behind chimney flue and at north elevation and because the second floor
office extension follows the lines of the 1966 addition.

Treatmenr ano Use 45.



ARCHTTECTURAL BESOURCES GROUP.

—

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE Access

OFFICE OFFICE :
Hi¢ SQ. FT} 136 SQ FT. L
ae

Z INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = - 251 SQ.FT, = 2 OCCUPANTS
SPACES

1 SHARED OFFICE 2475Q FT. 2 OCKUPANTS:
SPACE

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 504SQ FI, 4 OCCUPANTS

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE accennie

W INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = 1923. SQFT IB. OCCUPANTS.
SPACES

B SHARED OFFICE 160 SQ FT, 6 OCCUPANTS
SPACE

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE = 2683 SQ.FT. 14 OCCUPANTS

BUILDING TOTALS occrlasle sPAcé

IST FLOOR - OFFICE 812 SQ FT. 6T OCCUPANTS

ISTFLOOR- OTHER = 3016 SQ FI, IT OCCUPANTS
(STACK SPACE,

COMPANICATIONS,

RECEPTION)

2ND FLOOR - OFFICE = SIBTSQ. FT =—-23. OCCUPANTS.

TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 14,475 SQ FT 10 OCCUPANTS
BUILDING SPACE

. + TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE “A*
en ery MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN fan)
= a 2. 5 ie x
NOTE: SEAL OF PEST
COR OF WE TOTAL AREA SHALL BE ves [Se Hee ine oF Seer
ALLOTTEO FOR CIRCULATION / SERVICE, _ lt ca ALT VALUE ANALYSIS
2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES SHALL OE u me A TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES
FER GSA RECOMMENDATIONS, . one PARK HEADQUARTERS
29 JAN O1 GRAND_CANYON RATIONAL PARK



d Canyon Park Headguarters.* Code Analysis

2Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 200r Architectural Resources Group
Allowable Area / Height Matrix
ALLOWED ALLOWED
AREA HEIGHT / PERMITTED
ACTUAL | (Type V-N (Type V-N OR NOT IN
BUILDING _| OCCUPANCY. AREA Const.) Const.) BUILDING
Park B 28,107 32,000 2 Not Permitted
Headquarters {20,880 at | (no single story
first floor) } shal} exceed
16,000)
Park B 28,107 64,000 3 Permitted
Headquarters (20,880 at | (no single story
w/ automatic first floor) | shall exceed
sprinkler system 32,000)

4) The following is a preliminary code analysis of the Park Headquarters, addressing only major
code issues that have a bearing on facility planning issues and including suggested

resolutions to broad cade issues:

UBC INCLUDING LIFE SAFETY/DISABLED
ACCESS REQUIREMENTS

RESOLUTION OF CODE ISSUES

The first floor square footage is limited to 16,000
square feet for a type V-N construction by UBC
Table 5-B.

The first floor exceeds 16,000 square feet. Install an
automatic sprinkler system to increase the first floor
allowable area to 32,000 square feet.

Per UBC Section 509.2, the top of guardrails shall
not be less than 42” in height.

The exterior guardrail at north stair to the basement
is currently 36” in height. It should be replaced with
a guardrail 42” in height of a similar design.

UBC Section 1603.3.1.6 requires a level floor
surface at either side of a door. Per UBC Section.
1003.3.1.7, doors at stair landings may not project
into the required width more than 7”. Stair landings
are required to be 44” minimum in the direction of
travel. Doors at stair landings must also conform
with ADA clearances.

The exterior door at the northeast office wing has a
step at its threshold. A landing level with the floor
level should be provided at the exterior. The west
exit door from the library currently projects more
than 7” onto the landing. The door swing should be
reversed and the landing enlarged for ADA.

UBC Section 1604.2.2 requires that rooms with an
occupant load of 10 or greater have direct access to
an exit or corridor. Travel may not occur through
intervening rooms. Whatever the configuration of
new office space at the south end of the building, it
is likely that exiting will occur through the patio.
Under code, interior courts, such as the patio, are
considered intervening rooms unless direct access to
an exit or corridor is provided.

Locker Room #103 is blocking direct access from
the patio to the exit corridor. It should be removed,
and the area should be returned to its original use as
a corridor.

Corridors shall have walls and ceilings of not less
than one-hour construction with 20 minute rated
doors per UBC Sections 1004.3.4.3 and
1004.3.4.3.2.1.

NFPA 101 (2000), Section 38.3.6.1, Exception 3
allows a non-fire rated corridor where the building
is sprinklered throughout. An automatic sprinkler
system is proposed.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon Nationa! Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 6. This image illustrates the principal elevation of the Visitor Center in wintertime. The image of the
building amidst snowy conditions vividly illustrates the Mission 66 philosophy that sought to achieve an inten-
tional architectural simplicity that deferred to the landscape. At the time this photo was taken, the building was
not yet complete. Note the absence of the entrance sign. Photo undated. GCNPA Photo Number 3244.

Appennix D



119] d~ 556
Crab Couyou

Grand Canyon Park Headquarters

Historic Structure Report

GRAND CANYON

National Park « Arizona

= w= <u

rare

B 28O3NNED
79 1/2002



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 4. Rear of building is uniandscaped and utilitarian as evidenced by shed and propane tanks
behind the structure. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E





Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

g: Domestic Water Heater

Flack + Kurtz.
Ref. No.: $00.02260.00
November 7, 2000

h: Unit Heater

Site Photos



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 ‘Architectural Resources Group

tL Executive SUMMARY AND ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

Built fo the designs of Park Service architect Cecil J. Doty, the Grand Canyon Park Headquarters was
formerly known as the Visitor Center and was completed in 1957. The building epitomized a new style
of architecture for the national parks. Initially called the Public Use Building at the Grand Canyon, the
building was one of the earliest products of the Mission 66 building program, a one-billion dollar gov-
ernment effort to improve visitor facilities nationwide in celebration of the soth anniversary of the
National Park Service in 1966. Within the context of the development of a new style of park architec-
ture, sometimes called Park Service Modern, this early building was critical in the visitor center building
type development. During Mission 66, the Park Service introduced the comprehensive visitor center as
a new building type. The Park Service constructed one hundred new visitor centers, a series of distinct
modern buildings representative of post-World War II prosperity and architectural design in the mid-20th
century.

Based upon modem architectural designs and the influence of the International Style, Doty’s long, one-
story building, the Grand Canyon Park Headquarters is organized around a central open courtyard and
‘uses contemporary materials, glass, stucco, steel and concrete, and a new building technology to achieve
a modem expression in straight clean lines. Aluminum framed awning-type windows and a flat-roofed
canopy over the entrance contribute to the contemporary idiom. Unlike the NPS rustic architecture of
previous decades, Mission 66 architecture did not seek to incorporate elements of the surrounding land-
scape but rather sought to achieve an intentional simplicity that deferred to the landscape. This building,
however, does not strictly adhere to the new philosophy. This is a more transitional, hybrid building
with a gesture toward ornamentation, incorporating subtle references to natural features.

Since its construction in 1957, the building has endured steady use by the public and park employces.
Intended to create a new focal point of park activity, the building combines museum services, adminis-
trative facilities, and a first point of orientation when arriving in the park. Grand Canyon Visitor Center
and Park Headquarters became the prototype for later visitor centers. In 1966, the building was altered
to create a second floor for additional office space at the back of the building, a successful complement
to the existing architecture. In both form and function, it is an excellent example of Mission 66 period
architecture and planning in the National Park System. The building retains a high degree of integrity.

In the fall of 2000 when the Grand Canyon National Park inaugurated a new facility, the Canyon View
Information Plaza, Doty’s Visitor Center and Park Headquarters reverted from public use to exclusive
use for park administration offices. The project is to rehabilitate the current building and convert space
now used for the Visitor Center and archives to office and workspace for park employees. Work to be
completed includes: installation of a total-building insulated roofing system, expanded and modemized

Executive SUMMARY 1



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report ° Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2005

Figure 5, Rear elevation is not landscaped. Plantings encroach on the structure. ARG Photo, dated
May, 2000.

Aprenoix E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report -* Grand Canyon National Park

January 29, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

comer. These elements alter the original design intent of the front elevation; this elevation was original-
ly composed of an elaborate entry colonnade imposed against a blank wall wrapping around the south-
east comer. Removing the doors and ramp would restore this elevation. The door opening should be
infilled and the stucco work patched. The existing site wall should be repaired as necessary.

Other exterior work should be limited to maintenance and replacement, in kind, of deteriorated historic
fabric. This work has been outlined more specifically in Section VI: “Conditions Assessment.” These
conditions are also noted on Existing Conditions drawings EC-13 and EC-14, located in Appendix A.
General exterior rehabilitation should include:

+ Repair of damaged exterior flagstone paving at front of building and at interior patio.

+ Repair of damaged partial height site walls to the north and south of building.

¢ Repair of failing stucco finish at all elevations.

+ Repair of wood columns at patio and at north elevation covered walk.

° Repair or replacement of windows, including hardware, glazing, and weather-stripping. Some of the
windows have broken hand cranks or glazing. In many cases, the bottom two awning sashes have
been modified or removed for the installation of air conditioning units. This report calls for the
removal of these units; as a result, the lower sashes will need repair or replacement. The park would
like to install energy efficient double glazing, but it is unlikely that the existing aluminum frames
could support another layer of glazing. If this is pursued, the windows will need to be replaced.

The maintenance staff reports that most windows have leaked since installation, although only minor
water damage is apparent in a few interior locations. The window design-is inherently problematic.
The majority of the windows consist of pairs of true awning windows, each containing four ventila-
tor sashes, stacked vertically. These are considered “true” awning windows because the sashes close
on each other, not on horizontal meeting rails. Without a meeting rail between sashes, there is little
opportunity to achieve a tight seal through gaskets / weather-stripping. As a result, the true awning
windows are the cause of most air and water infiltration problems. It will be difficult to solve this
problem, even with a new window system. Few companies make true awning window systems
today, and even the best still have infiltration problems. They are also quite costly. If this option is
pursued, it should be noted that these new windows are capable of supporting insulated glazing. An

____ altemative solution is to replace the windows with sashes of the same proportion and profile; how-

~ ever, only the top and bottom sashes would be operable. The operable sashes would close against
fixed sashes and meeting rails, where a better seal can be achieved. The reduction in ventilating

area should not be a problem, as full air conditioning will be provided for the building. This system
will also support double glazing. Whatever solution is pursued, window screens should be replaced
where missing.

+ Replacement of roofing membrane with an insulated system. Modification of roof slope as neces-

TREATMENT AND UsE 9-33.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 13. This image illustrates the Visitor Center entrance sign before building was titled Park Headquarters.

The sign, complete with the NPS arrowhead logo, has remained in front of the Grand Canyon Visitor Center since
construction though its lettering has been altered to reflect changing uses of the building. The aluminum san serif
letters are typical of the 50s and are a character-defining feature. Photo dated 1959. GCNPA Photo Number 3485.

Appennix D

|
|



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

Figure 8. This image illustrates paving and parking for the newly constructed visi-
tor center. A central feature of the visitor center building type was the provision of
ample parking. The visitor center made it possible for people to park their cars at a
central point, and from there have access to a range of services or attractions.
Photo dated 1957. GCNPA Photo Number 4708.

Aptil 20, 2002

Aprennix D

|



. Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

visitor centers, the location of the Grand Canyon Visitor Center was criticized. Located midway between
Mather Point and the Grand Canyon Village, the building was considered, at one-third a mile from the
rim, too far removed. Park Naturalist Paul E. Shulz commented that a visitor center should be in touch
with the feature it interprets.17

Alterations

Multiple alterations have been made to the building over time. (See Appendix D, Figures 16-23) In
1966, a rear, two-story addition was added to the north elevation for supplemental office space, at the
same time that the building’s popularity as a visitor center was increasing. (See Appendix D, Figure
24) The 1966 addition also resulted in a new north-facing door at the building’s far northwest comer.
Additional alterations include, installation of display cases over the lobby fireplace in the 1990s, (See
Appendix D, Figures 25-27) construction of a new auditorium with projection room, exit door and
ramp, and the alteration of former exhibit space to accommodate a gift shop. Sometime after 1966,
entrance vestibules were added at the front entrance and into the courtyard. A storage attic was added at
the southwest comer of the building and solar panels were installed on the roof.

The Yavapai Interpretive Facility and the Grand Canyon Visitor Center

The history of the Grand Canyon Visitor Center and Park Headquarters would have been quite changed
if a 1960s plan to locate a Mission 66 visitor center at Yavapai Point had become a reality. A construc-
tion proposal for the “Yavapai Interpretive Facility,” a replacement building that would bave usurped the
primary functions of the Visitor Center, was well-developed and moving towards construction until a
lack of funding halted the project. The architect for the proposed Yavapai Point facility was Cecil Doty.
It was thought that a new interpretive facility was needed to accommodate ever-increasing numbers of
visitors, approximately 15,000 persons a day. The proposed Yavapai Interpretive Facility was intended
to provide restrooms, a lounge, a lobby, auditoriums, indoor viewing of the Canyon year-round, minimal
office and storage space, and information services. The Construction Proposal went on to state:

Yavapai Point and the facilities here discussed will be devoted to presenting the Grand

Canyon Story of deposition, uplift and erosion, fossil records of life through the ages

and the Colorado River and its role in the formation of Grand Canyon. Several interpre-

tive approaches to understanding the Grand Canyon must be provided. Two auditoriums

[providing nearly identical views of the Canyon and] capable of holding 200 and 400

people respectively and commanding spacious views of the complete stratigraphic

sequence shown from rim to river in the Canyon walls are a must.
It was anticipated that the Visitor Center would continue to function as an interpretive facility addressing
“secondary” themes of history, prehistory and biology and would continue to house the research library,
scientific study collections, and the administrative offices of the Superintendent and staff, while the

Yavapai Interpretive Facility would be the primary educational facility at the Grand Canyon.!9 Since

HistoricaL Backcrouno = 13.



SAIS! Oreniod at
SEL aEY

i

|
i
{

‘DRAWING NO.

NO.

PKG.| SHEET
jE]

wr,

14574 CONSTRUCTION
FIRST FLOOR PLAN OVERLAY (Ty
THLE OF SHEET
HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
EXISTING CONDITIONS
PARK HEADQUARTERS
GRANO CANYON NATIONAL. PARK

SCALE OF FEET

panies ase jaye phate

HOw
a i
€ |e 1 2
272 Lae
BIE |g lee

iitiase

Lorian! .

Wlyrevazss

w.
Le
a

spade a8 Tape to

vi

ell sey ue 180 2754 if

Scena hed a

MEL GAGCTIOANT. --

Se blown manmade ones

gi
Stone Watl SIC

weraaee

Scene

LECTION

eee

area. 295)-

PAT19°

KAR CUDA,

D.

SSS faa me

igs a

EEE EE
aed

CLP)

Ext

Sia

FOS AG LOLOL AES 2S

wumely Baqso7 pus Lowi iy.

— of

“eer tT

2ene

— a

- =

anOwD SsoUNOSTH WanLoauNONy



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2002

Figure 20. This image illustrates part of the bull-pen parking lot at the north elevation
of the Visitor Center. Photo dated 1967. GCNPA Photo Number 14273.

Appennix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters

Aptil 20, 2007

Architectural Resources Group

ADAAG 4.13.7 requires that hinged doors in a
series have a minimum of 48”clear between each
door.

Many of the vestibules provide less than 48” in clear
space. These vestibules should be increased to
provide minimum clearances or equipped with
automatic door openers.

The greater provision for accessibility under UFAS
Section 4.1.6 [3] (c] [ii] requires at least one toilet
facility for each sex on each substantially altered
floor, where such facilities are provided.

The existing men’s and women’s toilet rooms at the
second floor are currently inaccessible. They shall
be reconfigured to provide accessible facilities.
The unisex toilet room in the communications center
is also inaccessible. As communications center
employees are required to remain in the secure
office for the full length of their shift, they will not
be able to use the accessible toilet facilities at the
north end of the first floor. An accessible facility
should be provided within the communications
center. :



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

January 29, 2007 Axchitectural Resources Group

Alternatives for Treatment

This section presents and evaluates alternative approaches to realization of the ultimate treatment.
Alternatives are presented in both text and graphic form. The analyses addresses the adequacy of each
solution in terms of impact on historic materials, effect on historic character, compliance with National
Park Service policy, and other management objectives. The section concludes with elaboration on the
recommended course of action and specific recommendations for preservation treatments.

Three treatment alternatives have been studied for the Park Headquarters and are presented below, listed
by degree of intervention, beginning with the least invasive treatment. Some modifications are common
to all three schemes. The treatment alternatives are as follows:

~ Alternative A: Preservation-Focused Scheme

Alternative A proposes:

+ — return the library to its original location;

* reorganize lobby space and function to form contact point/reception area with employee information
and notice area and multiple desks for various departments;

+ — restore entrance lobby fireplace;

* relocate communications center to the front northeast corner of the building with communications
equipment located in finished basement below; install office partitions at original location of infor-
mation desk;

* — install three-stop elevator in former first floor darkroom space / second floor toilet room area, caus-
ing little impact to existing office layout;

* remove non-original attic storage at southwest corner to return first floor spaces to original volume;

* — restore south elevation to original condition; close non-original door and window openings; retain
original door to crawl space;

*  vestibules at principal entrance and entrance to courtyard are visually intrusive and not original, but
may be kept for practicality; and,

* modify entry at covered walk for greater accessibility.

Altemative A achieves the following:

* retains and restores interior volumes;

+ — recreates the circulation pattern of the original design;

* moves library closer to entrance lobby for easier access for visiting scholars and researchers;

« — retains generous proportions of lobby;

* provides centralized and logical reception at main entrance;

* new windows to south and east walls of the courtyard interior provide additional light to interior

TREATMENT AND Use = 39



Grand Canyon Visitor Center « Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon Nationa! Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2002

Appendix A. Existing Conditions Drawings of Plans, Elevations, and Section,
including Drawings Mustrating Conditions Survey, Areas of Significance
and 1966 Addition.

Listing of Individual Drawings:

EC1 Existing Basement Plan.

EC2 Existing First Floor Plan.

EC3 Existing Second Floor Plan.

EC4 Existing Elevations.

ECS Existing Section.

EC6 First Floor Plan Overlay (1955).

EC7 First Floor Plan shaded to show alterations to 1955 design.
EC8 First Floor Plan shaded to show alterations to 1955 design.
EC9 —_ Elevations Overlay (1955).

EC10 Elevations shaded to show alterations to 1955 design.
ECil Areas of Significance, First Floor.

ECi2 Areas of Significance, Second Floor.

EC13 Conditions Assessment, Elevations.

EC14 Conditions Assessment, Elevations.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report ° Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 13. Existing conditions in library. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

2 Gea
WOOD AND GLASS DOORS BIRCH WARDROBE WITH ~ IS
CABINETS ABOVE, TYP. RS
a — Es) es
SZLZNZ —
ATTIC
STORAGE en
[xez] —
comm, — }f comanicaly
CENTER CENTER| S. PATIO
{40} C3
,
GRAAL
SPACE H
CEMENT STUCCO WALL REDACOD COLUMNS, TYP.

FINISH, TYP.

LINE OF BASEMENT, SHOWN
DASHED IN FOREGRQND

BASEMENT
EL. 5010"

EXISTING CONDITIONS - SECTION (Ty)
aw,

WALL / FLOOR LEGEND

3 concreTe masoney wat YA st0%"

=] CONCRETE

(C_] stv PARTITION WALL.

2 9 & ie
SCALE OF FEET

DESIGNED: | SUB_SHEET NO. THLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
cram )SC*E HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | ——
—SA__| EXISTING CONDITIONS

TECH. REVIEW: 5

ome PARK HEADQUARTERS

20 APRiL_O1 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Rangers: Also frontoffices labelled "Sup't."and "Secy.) - Since these don't
involve structural changes, they are of interest only in trying to date
some of the other changes. The "Superintendent” office was really just
ceremonial; it contained basic furniture and he occasionally dropped by
or met guests there, but eventually realized we needed the space badly,
and released it to the Naturalists. ‘When we vacated the two small offices
in back, the Rangers used them (I remember that the NPS "Lost & Found"
operation wes handled in one of them. I also think a "pass-through" was
cut into the wall between the 2 back offices at some point--I forgot to
mention it on page 2.) |
The "Secy" office~-which had been mine for awhile--was turned over to
a U.S. Commissioner when the park was assigned one~~probably in the 1960's.
Later, probably during the 1970~1975 reorganization, when I was shifted to
a new creation, the division of "Environmental Activities and Systems
Evaluation (ZASE)-~I also became “Curator-Librarian" and moved my desk
to the (original) library.

The large "Ranger" room, behind the information desk, housed the growing
permanent Interpretive staff and lockers for the summer "seasonais.”

Lobby: The only real alteration during the time I was there was the addition
of a sales desk and temporary partition for a book display area in the
corner to the left as one entered the front doors. This was done to
relieve the information desk staff of the responsibility for selling,
and because as the Association grew there was inadequate display space
for their books, magazines, slides, etc. :

Exhibits: I'm sorry to be unable, in the time available, to relate the
changes made in this room to specific dates. Short of the addition of
the second story, they are probably the only significant structural
changes. The first one was the shortening of the end farthest from
the lobby in order to add a conference room and the Dispatch office.

It would seem likely the need for 2 conference room followed soon after
the Superintendent moved into his new office on the second floor.

Much later, another portion became the present auditorium, and Tam
reasonably sure this happened after I left. And--probably most recent
of all--the sales area has been enlarged and probably intrudes on former
exhibit space. (I use present tense, not knowing if the whole thing is
now at Mather Point.)

In somewhat random order: I can't remember if the vestibules were installed
while I was there; they may have been 2 response to the 1970's fuel shor§ages.
The "...and Park Headauarters" was probably added when the second floor gave
the Supt. an office in the Visitor Center, along with various staff members.
I don't think there were solar panels on the roof in 1985.

If the “Storage attic" referred to a couple times is the one accessed by a
ladder in the present library, it would have been opened up during the
research lab occupancy of the room; it was there before 1979. The shelves

in its hallway were added for me.



_ 223-8"
Ler0* 34-10" 27-0"

3-8"
kle-a

Eimew

ARCKITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

EXISTING CONDITIONS
BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN (TT)
WY

‘ ; i |
re)
L
— ei
FI 2 i 1
g ; \ i “i TT
j ok cmmamicanions i
HOD eauevent . MECHANGAL Loe
i =p
[oF
o
a
Senge 3
~ 1 Lowers

WALL LEGEND

ConcRETE MAsonrr nit = Gf stone

ws) CONCRETE (7 610 PARTITION WALL

a a Bi 6
el
SCALE OF FEET

EDGE OF -
SLAB a
DESIGNED: ‘SUB_SHEET NO. WILE OF SHEET ORAWING NO.

com —-| FC | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | —=

— — i Ul Ui WT _ ——SAL__| EXISTING CONDITIONS Biel
TECH. REVIEW: | No.

[ oar PARK HEADQUARTERS I

20 APRIL DI GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report = * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

Figure 2. This image illustrates the southeast corner of the Visitor Center dur-

ing construction. A worker is seen applying what is presumably the first coat of
stucco directly to the concrete block masonry walls. View is looking west. Photo
dated 1957. GCNPA Photo Number 3731.

Apsit 20, 2002

APPENDIX D


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report ° Grand Canyon National Park .

Architectural Resources Group ‘Aptil 20, 2001

Figure 12. This image illustrates the entrance lobby of the Visitor Center. Note
space of future information desk to the right, the doors that exit to the interior
courtyard to the left and the flagstone paving on interior that extends out in
front of the building. Photo dated 1957. GCNPA Photo Number 3732.

Aprenoix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Apzil 20, 200 Architectural Resources Group

Vill. Bibliography

Advisory Council on Historic Preservation. Introduction to Federal Projects and Historic
Preservation Law: Participants Desk Reference. January, 1993.

Albright, Horace M., and Robert Cahn. The Birth of the National Park Service: The Founding
Years, 1913-33, Salt Lake City: Howe Brothers, 1985.

Albright, Horace M., and Marian Albright Schenck. Creating the National Park Service: The
Missing Years. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999.

Allaback, Sarah. Mission 66 Visitor Centers: The History of a Building Type. Draft Manuscript,
May 1999.

Allaback, Sarah. Mission 66 Visitor Centers: The History of a Building Type. Washington, DC:
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2000.

Anderson, Michael F. Living at the Edge. Grand Canyon: Grand Canyon Association, 1998.
Carr, Ethan. Wilderness by Design. London and Lincoln: Bison Books, 1998.

Chappell, Gordon. “Railroad at the Rim.” Journal of Arizona History. Spring 1976.

Chappell, Gordon, Michael P. Scott, Robbyn Jackson, Jamie Donahoe, ‘Susan Begley, and Ethan
Carr. National Historic Landmark Nomination. Grand Canyon Village. September 13, 1996.

Darling, F. Fraser, and Noel D. Eichhorn. Man and Nature in the National Parks: Reflections on
Policy. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Conservation Foundation, 1969.

Dilsaver, Larry M., ed. America’s National Park System: The Critical Documents. Lanham, MD:
Rowman & Littlefield, 1994.

Everhardt, William C. The National Park Service. Boulder: Westview Press, 1983.

Foresta, Ronald A: America's National Parks and Their Keepers. Washington: Resources for the
Future, 1985.

Good, Albert H. Park and Recreation Structures. Boulder: Graybooks’1991 (reprint of 1938 NPS
yersion).

Grand Canyon National Park Archives and Maintenance Records.
Handlin, David P. American Architecture. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1985.
Harrison, Laura Soulliere. Architectural Historian; NPS Southwest Office. National Historic

Landmark - Architecture in the Parks. Introduction and Grand Canyon Park Operations Building
(Building 103), 1986.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

47


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters +: Historic Structure Report «+ Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 25. Deterioration of flagstone paving at the building
exterior. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters. . Historic Structure Report .

Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

Figure 9. Information desk.. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

“Apzil 20; 2001

APPENDIX E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 18. Mortar loss at lower level of pier on principal elevation. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

. ApPEnoix E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters .

Historic Structure Report .

Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

Figure 23. Putty deterioration at window. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

April 20, 200

APPENDIX E


Buiiding Assessment Report

Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

Flack + Kurtz

to the AHU circulates water between the AHU and cooling tower.
The cooling tower is an ACME Model JCT-15.

The remainder of the building has operable windows and was not
originally provided with cooling. However, since the initial
construction small window mounted, air cooled, air conditioning
units have been added to a majority of the private office spaces and
a large unit provided for the server room located on the second
floor. In addition, a small air cooled heat pump (Carrier Model
50YQ) has been installed in the crawl space and serves a smal}
communications room located on the ground floor directly above.

The building systems are operated by a Honeywell pneumatic
controls system. The compressor is located in the basement with
the boilers. There are several control panels located throughout the
building including the boiler room and crawl space.

Recommendations

In order to achieve a comfortable office working environment full
air conditioning for all of the occupied spaces should be provided.
The existing multi-zone unit should be removed along with the
cooling tower, circulating pump and cooling water piping. All of
the window mounted air conditioning units should be removed.

The heating hot water distribution system and finned tube radiators
appear to be in good working order and could remain in place. The
boilers should be replaced with new high efficiency type. Currently
the boilers utilize fuel oil as mentioned above. The new boilers
could use fuel oil as well. However, alternate (cleaner burning and
more efficient) fuel sources such as natural gas and propane should
be considered. Service and availability of these fuel sources in the
atea would also need to be considered. The heating hot water
circulating pumps should be replaced as well. The fuel oi] system,
including tank, should be inspected for any leakage and repaired or
replaced as necessary.

Rooftop air or water cooled air conditioning units could be one
alternative for conditioning the office areas. With an air cooled
system water would not be used in the evaporation process which
would conserve water.

Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning

Ref. No.: $00.02260.00

November 7, 2000



Building Assessment Report

Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

c. LIGHTING AND RECEPTACLES

1

Existing Conditions

Lighting consists mainly of surface mounted fluorescent fixtures
and incandescent downlights. Fluorescent fixtures appear to be
fitted with T12 lamps and magnetic ballasts. It could not be
identified whether the ballasts contain PCB’s.

Recessed wall mounted receptacles and telephone outlets are
located at various points to satisfy current equipment locations.

Recommendations

All light fixtures should be replaced with new energy efficient
lighting systems. Magnetic ballasts should be assumed to contain
PCB’s and disposed of in accordance with all applicable rules and
regulations. Provide fluorescent T8 electronic ballasts and T8
lamps.

D. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

1.

Flack + Kurtz

Existing Conditions
There is no fire alarm system currently installed.
Recommendations

The current occupancy use group does not require a full fire alarm
signaling system. However, it is recommended to add ADA visual
strobe devices to meet the requirements of the Americans with
Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). ADA xenon strobes should be
located 80" above finished floor or 6" below ceiling, whichever is
lower. Strobes would located in all common areas including break
rooms, lobbies and restrooms. A fire alarm panel will need to be
provided in order to power the strobe devices.

Plumbing

Ref. No.: $00.02260.00

November 7, 2000

l-7



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

“Aptil 20, 2001

TABLE OF CONTENTS

L

I.

VEL.

Executive Summary and Administrative Data .......ccsscsssessesteesseeeseesteeeetenenseeeeee J
Historical Background .......e000s seesees ocoweee: eseteeces: essceescseess, aseeees: sravecereersscenses D
Significance and Integrity Evaluation .......0.cessseccseesecenscnecsecescserecesteecsecsocees 17

Chronology of Development and Use ..... weve 2h

Physical Description eevee 23

Conditions Assessment .........ceccseesscsvscecceceereeecsecscssenesessoeees aeesseceeeee seeenene 2D
Treatment and USE .....ssccsssssceeccccsecsscececcccrerssereccscecrresseraceteeseescessessooece SL

47

Bibliography... esssscessessssnrscsecesccceersesseccseeessscrsceseesesssesssscesereeess

Endnotes ..

eaeceneesnnsacesennanssessssosensounensscscasecsecseacsssssssssees JL

Appendices ~ 53

Appendix A. Existing Conditions Drawings of Plans, Elevations, and Section, including
Drawings [lustrating Conditions Survey, Areas of Significance and 1966
Addition, all dated April 20, 2001.

Appendix B. Alternative Treatment Drawings, dated April 20, 2001.
Appendix C. Code Analysis.

Appendix D. Historic Photographs of Visitor Center and Park Headquarters in
Chronological Order.

Appendix E. Photographs of Existing Conditions.

Appendix F. Potential Seismic Hazard Assessment by Sato and Associates, dated .
October 1998.

Appendix G. Letter from Louise M. Hinchliffe, formerly of Naturalist Division and
Curator Librarian, dated April 16, 2001.

Appendix H. Consultant Reports.

Appendix. Ajiernative Treatment Drawings as Revised at the Park Headquarters Value
Analysis, held February 6-7, 2001.

Architectural Resources Group



ESHA

ENGINEERS

Visitor Center and Park Headquarters Structural Assessment
Grand Canyon National Park November 15, 2000

and replaced. The erosion of the cap does not appear extensive enough to have affected the wall bond beam
below the cap.

Above the roof, the fireplace and heating flues both have reinforced concrete caps with severe erosion.
Reinforcing steel is exposed in several locations. The caps should be patched or replaced.

The low roof around the perimeter of the central courtyard is framed with straight wood sheathing on 4x6
joists and 6x8 purlins. A wood ledger supports the roof at the CMU walls. Tapered wood columns
support the roof at the interior edges of the overhang.

Several of the 6x8 wood purlins have minor side checks and splits, although the purlins are still
structurally adequate. One purlin on the west side is noticeably warped downward and has a large split at
the bolted connection to the beam below. The warped purlin is most likely the cause of the split and
missing portion of decking at the edge.

A lower, wood-framed roof covers the exterior stairway leading down to the basement. The roof is
supported by tapered wood columns bearing on the stairway retaining wall, adjacent to the parking lot.
The wood column at the top of the stair has been moved partially off of its steel base plate, resulting in a
large split at the bottom and exposure of the vertical stee] dowel within the column. The damage appears
to have been caused by a motor vehicle running into the column; there are no parking curbs adjacent to
these columns. This column should be replaced in kind.

Recommendations

The existing structure appears to have been constructed in accordance with the construction documents
examined. Overall, the building is in good condition, with only minor, localized areas of deterioration.
No immediate hazards are posed by the deterioration, although repairs should be made to mitigate future
hazards and prevent further deterioration.

Per provisions of the 1997 Uniform Building Code, the Visitor Center does not require a structural
upgrade. Any damaged areas should be restored to their pre-damage conditions, as a minimum. If the
general building occupancy is changed, or remodeling which requires modification to more than 10
percent of the structure occurs, then the building should be structurally upgraded to meet the current code.
The building is located in seismic zone 2B. The building appears to have been detailed sufficiently to
transfer the lateral loads associated with this seismic zone.

Apart from repair of the damage noted under the existing conditions, the basement presents an area of
potential hazard. There are a number of mechanical units in the basement, which do not appear to be
anchored to prevent overturning. The water heater is one example; a strap should be placed around the
heater and anchored to the wall. There are also two “homemade” emergency-supply storage cabinets,
constructed of wood, which are sitting on the concrete floor with no anchorage to prevent sliding or


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon Nationa} Park

Architectural Resources Group

Figure 2. Courtyard plantings in low free-form stone planters are a
character-defining feature. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

April 20, 2001

APPENDIX E



ARCILTECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP.

MODIFIED EXIT STAIR POSSIBLE LIBRARY LOCATIONS snonn HATCHED
STACK SPACE ALLOW 100 $@. FT. 1 OCCUPANTS
yy OFFICE SPACE ALLOW 400 5G. FT. 3B OCCUPANTS wea
: — : ee ore
| ica aa == ———
C _ / _ 1. AT UNPROGRAMED OPEN
aS ten ‘< l es | ea | et OFFICE SPACES, 20% OF THE
iC re TOTAL AREA SHALL BE
230 SQ. FT. 443 5@.FT. | > TSA | 19 9a, 67. LOTTED Co CRC ATION /
UNPROGRAMMED OPEN — on | Lf ke | SERVICE.
OFFICE SPACE 6124 i H
6a. FT. L. rr ‘a|| 2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES
7) = —— SHALL BE CALCULATED AT 125
FICE 5 = 7 =i i SQ. FT. PER OCCUPANT, PER
SS Mes I SroReee , | 1 GSA RECOMMENDATIONS.
LL, [iL 280 sa. Fry 134 SQ. FT. \ | “Bo ime)
| EXISTING OFFICE SPACE
fil BS INDIVIDUAL OFFICE 1324 SQ.FT. 8 OCCUPANTS
| H SPACES
| 1 Z 5 SHARED OFFICE 1596 SQ.FT. 13 OCCUPANTS
| i SPACES
Q
H g TOTAL OFFICE SPACE © 2425 SQ.FT. 21 OCCUPANTS
4 a
U} 3
ir
&
i é weer NEW OFFICE SPACE
Gy eg} eee | 2 UNPROGRAMMED 6850 SQ.FT. 44 OCCUPANTS
WS | OPEN OFFICE x 80 =
LOGATION OF ExisTING \I | i SPACES; DEDUCT 5486 SQ. FT.
AUDITORIUM WALLS, H z A 100 9G. FT. FOR
SHOWN DASHED NP og] gti 3 LIBRARY
2 |
a en | NEW ELEVATOR W
x i MACHINE ROOM - RELOCATED COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
LOCATED AT t
a E t 5 SPACES + UNISEX 845 SQ. FT. T OCCUPANTS
KHL ~ BASEMENT ACCESSIBLE TOILET
zx
S KY, BUILDING TOTALS occuriABLe SPACE
» »
| a, IST FLOOR - OFFICE BEI SQ.FT. 6B OCCUPANTS
in, < x IST FLOOR ~ OTHER 2626 SQ.FT. 16 OCCUPANTS
| S LS ; i (STACK SPACE,
i 1a COMMUNICATIONS,
+ RESTORE FIREPLACE RECEPTION)
{1031 SQ. FT: 2ND FLOOR - OFFICE = 4341 SQ.FT. 30 OCCUPANTS
i TOTAL OCCUPIABLE IS.118 SQ. FT. 4 OCCUPANTS
BUILDING SPACE
RECEPTION FOR B "1 TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE "B"
FIRST FLOOR PLAN (T)
LANDING AT DOOR er
& fa] Ble N
zy E Le a ee!
ea SCALE OF FEET
225 50, FT.
CENTRALIZED RECEPTION - REDUCED. _[oesicnen: —[SuB SHEET No. TILE OF SHEET ORAWING NO.
SPACE FOR RECEPTION AREA 1031 SQ.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS cme} ALT | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT —|
SERVING ENTIRE BUILDING, SAL | EXISTING CONDITIONS PAG.) SHEET
EMPLOYEE DISPLAYS TECH, REVEW: B ey f=]
Ma ome PARK HEADQUARTERS =
20 APRIL 01 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK |——] oF



ene meee eee ee

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

i *FLAG POLE

ALUMINUM AINING

CHIMNEY CEMENT SRKCO WALL —
FINISH, TYP. WINDOWS, TYP.
( 2. 88 ) WINDOW AIR
ve t ee \ CONDITIONER, TYP.
ata | a latS
_ eee A ==
Ee i
z sre canto Ea fs bai an mi =
== —— 7 ARTS esol x eae f [
x. U
RAMP Parner ‘SIGN WITH ~ (ten AND XK ore VENNER COLUMNS
LETTERS LAGE ENTE WP NO WAL TTP. EXISTING CONDITIONS - EAST ELEVATION ‘@
& 2 2
7
(. 4
i AN
tes jeg LS Fs i FT -
bei] __
——___| _— 6 BRBEBREBRBEREER Oooo onrononoooo

RAIN LEADER, TYP.

BELOW GRADE

AREAWAY AT BASEMENT
LEVEL, SHOWN DASHED

=

EXISTING CONDTIONS - NORTH ELEVATION £2)

4 % 2 2 16
H SCALE OF FEET

| f i <== = =a DESIGNED: ‘SUB_SHEET NO. THLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.

—_ EC | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | —
U SAL EXISTING CONDITIONS PxG.] SHEET
TECH. REVIEW: 4 NO. a

EXISTING CONDITIONS - SOUTH ELEVATION ay one PARK HEADQUARTERS = [==

20 APRIL 91 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK —|o —

EXISTING CONDITIONS - WEST ELEVATION i) BY



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park.

Archivectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 25. Image shows the lobby fireplace before the ledge was removed. Photo dated 1990s. Courtesy of Denver
Service Center.

Appenpix D



|

Grand Ca . Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon Natio

January 29, 2001 Architectural Resources

Conservation Issues and Recommendations

Masonry

The foundation is poured-in-place concrete. The walls are constructed in concrete block masonry. The
first floor is constructed primarily of structural concrete slab, over crawlspaces and on grade. The
Tetaining walls and columns within the crawlspaces are concrete. The foundation is solid. The walls are
plumb and in good condition. The concrete cap on top of the masonry wail is exhibiting signs of deteri-
oration all around the perimeter and may require patching or replacement. The fireplace chimney and
heating flue both have reinforced concrete caps that exhibit severe deterioration with exposed reinforc-
ing steel. (See Appendix E, Figure 22)

Cement Stucco

The exterior cement stucco is applied directly onto the masonry in a thin coat. The stucco has been
painted and the layer of paint is peeling. The thin stucco coat is failing. Horizontal planes such as the
tops of parapet walls or chimneys are particularly vulnerable to water infiltration. The roof parapets
exhibit varying degrees of decay. Most of the decay is limited to the stucco cap. The stucco deteriora-
tion appears to be the result of water infiltration through the roof and canopies, around the chimney and
flue, and at ground level. Moisture migration within walls due to rising damp resulting from poor
drainage around the foundation is affecting the condition of the stucco. Evidence of rising damp is espe-
cially evident at the north side of the building where the ground level rises to the second floor. Leaking
gutters and downspouts are especially along the north elevation and at the rear and are allowing water to
penetrate the wall surface. Stucco is not known to be a particularly durable building material. Regular
maintenance is required to keep it in good condition. .

Windows

The aluminum awning windows date to the original construction (1957) or the addition (1966), have
never been sealed properly and allow water ingress. However, only minor water damage is apparent in a
few interior locations. The window design is inherently problematic. The cranking mechanisms are in
poor condition and are difficult to repair; some are broken. The mastic sealant is crumbling and deterio-
rated, especially where sun exposure is more severe. (See Appendix E, Figure 23) The windows are in
need of repair or replacement, including hardware, glazing, and weather-stripping.

Wood

Tapered wood columns line the interior courtyard and support the portico in the bull-pen parking lot.
All appear to be original. The wood columns support roofing at the interior edges of the overhang. A
lower, wood-framed roof covers the exterior stairway leading down to the basement. The roof is sup-
ported by tapered wood columns bearing on the stairway retaining wall, adjacent to the parking lot. The
wood column at the top of the stair has been moved partially off of its steel base plate, resulting in a

Conpitions AssessMeNT 29.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

‘Architectural Resources Group Apzil 20, 2001

Set toward the back of the structure, the addition continues the lines and planes of the original building
while deferring to the original design. The addition plays with the symmetry of the building, balancing
the massing but at the same time, setting the new mass toward the back so that it yields to the original
form.

Exterior West (Rear) Elevation

The rear elevation is divided into two neat halves. The northern half of the west elevation is two-stories,
though the grade rises toward the north where it tapers to one-story. Single-framed, four-paned awning
windows correspond to the original building. Double-framed, four-paned awning windows indicate the
extent of the addition. The southern half of the west elevation is one-story and is marked by a band of
small rectangular windows corresponding to the space of the original study collection. The southem end
of the rear elevation is two stories, corresponding to the double-height space on the interior. A set of
double doors original to the 1957 design are topped by a flat canopy (See Appendix E, Figure 8) and a
single door with steps leading to it opens to the library space.

Exterior North (Side) Elevation

This elevation faces the “bull-pen” parking lot. Cars park perpendicularly to the elevation, obscuring
the lower part of the building. A covered walk leads to steps to the basement level. This elevation has
three entrances; two are north-facing entrances, one a simple single door with a lite toward the front of
the building and the second is a single door in the 1966 addition, with a fixed panel and a flat-roofed
canopy, in the style of the principal entrance. The third door is a double east-facing door under the.cov-
ered portico.

Of all four elevations, the north is most altered by the 1966 alterations with the addition of the second-
story office space, and two-story extension toward the north with an additional entrance at the end.

Exterior South (Side) Elevation

This elevation is most notable as the longest, nearly unbroken expanse of wall surface. Originally
designed without openings (except for a small low-level door to the-crawlspace), the double-height wall
has been punctured to accommodate a small window to the communications room and three louvers. In
addition, a door and ramp have been constructed to make the auditorium accessible.

Interior First Floor

In plan, the interior organization is fairly straightforward. Offices are secure and well-separated from
public spaces which are accessed through the main lobby. The central feature of the building’s interior
is its formal entrance lobby with flagstone paving, stone veneer walls, and a rectangular fireplace open-
ing that has been covered over. The long rectangular lobby formerly served to acquaint visitors to the
Grand Canyon. Exhibits and an information desk occupied one end of the space. (See Appendix E,

24 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

!
1



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report = * Grand Canyon National Park.

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure I. Entrance sign. The aluminum sans serif letters are a character-defining feature. ARG
Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP.

NEW OFFICE SPACE

MODIFIED EXIT STAIR

3
NEW WINDOWS IN EXISTING PATIO WALL

\ EXISTING SERVICE CORE ———4

Me

N\

NEW RINDONS IN EXISTING PATIO WALL a

aS q

Usa Ft

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE

UNPROGRAMMED OPEN 5690 SQ.FT x BO =
Koy, OFFICE SPACE 4582 50. FT 26 OCCUPANTS . .
— TM~ a 5 a a a a a oa a ao | So o peas oe aa NOTE:
| i. ] |. ATUNPROGRAMED OPEN
| oa } cam ee et OFFICE SPACES, 20% OF THE
230 $0. FT. 443 SQ FT 28 $8 FT. 114 $a. FI S TOTAL AREA SHALL BE
7 an 7. ANLOTTED FOR CIRCULATION /
er: SERVICE,
as NEW ELEVATOR AND, :
OPEN OFFI MACHINE ROOM " wae 2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES
1080 Sor FT 142 SQ. FT. — = SHALL BE CALCULATED AT [25
< ® Nog ts a, SQ FT PER OCCUPANT, PER
on Tee y orcs | orrice [ orice 6A, RECOMMENDATIONS,
a _2ese ry (rc (tin)
j ~ 18160 FT. 40 155 sa FT.
$0. FT.

CENTRALIZED RECEPTION / DISPLAY

‘ASO aA oa on _\4
:CEPTION FOR
SECOND Fi
1410 $a FT
RECEPTION FOR FIRST
FLOOR E/ HENS
= if
, a

SPACE FOR MULTIPLE RECEPTION = 1410 SQ. FT
AREAS SERVING ENTIRE BUILDING,

sacme = [| 0 of

ce RESTORE FIREPLACE

ION FOR FIRST
THMEST RING

5 INDIVIDUAL OFFICE ‘64 SQ FT. 5 OCCUPANTS
SPACES 1
RESTROOM = SHARED OFFICE 44S, FT 4d OCCUPANTS
6 SPACES
a, RESTRGOM = 2 OPEN OFFICE 16229 FT —_14 OCCUPANTS
SPACES
TOTAL OFFICE SPACE © S185 SO FT 28 OCCUPANTS
RELOCATED LIBRARY
eis STACK SPACES SQ FT TOCAPANTS
RESTROOM READING ROOM
i 2 SHARED OFFICE B12 SQ.FT, 3 OCCUPANTS
\ SPACES
List] all |
aitemts|} + RELOCATED COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
: 5 SPACES + UNISEX 8A5 SQ FT TOCCUPANTS
y ACCESBIBLE TOILET
: BUILDING TOTALS occurias.e SPACE
. i IST FLOOR - OFFICE 8112 SQ FT 67 OCCUPANTS
IST FLOOR ~ OTHER 3016 SQ.FT. 11 OCCUPANTS
= | i (STACK SPACE,
y- COMMUNICATIONS,
Ot eS h on
| 62 Sa. Fr 2ND FLOOR - OFFICE —-BIBTSQ. FT 23 OCCUPANTS
(98 Sa FT TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 14,475 SQ.FT IGT OCCUPANTS.
14 SQ. FT. BUILDING SPACE
COM. EGUP. LOCATED
=D. BASEMENT TO TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE “A*
aN 10 VEST fp FIRST FLOOR PLAN /T)
Ss LANDING AT DOOR: VY
2 2 2 6 ,
‘SAT Tits
vs |sesate] THE OF SHEsT CRANE WO
4 ALT VALUE ANALYSIS

TECH, Revew |

A TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES

EMPLOYEE DISPLAYS
oe PARK HEADQUARTERS
29 saN_O1 GRAN CANYON NATIONAL PARK.



. ca stem a
Ce ee oe oe oe |

ARCHTTECTURAL RESOURCES CROUP

POSSIBLE LIBRARY LOCATIONS snonn HarcHeo

MODIFIED EXIT STAIR:
\ STACK SPACE ALLOW 100 SG FT ‘TV OCCUPANTS:
Ht on OFFICE SPACE ALLOW 400 5a FT. 3 OCCUPANTS
DAA kore.
» 1 AT UNPROGRAMED OPEN
OFFICE SPACES, 70%, OF THE
TOTAL AREA SHALL
ALLOTTED FOR: CORALATION f
VOPFCE SPACE iat SERIE
0 FT 2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES
SHALL BE CALCULATED AT 125
5Q. FT. PER OCCUPANT, PER
\o EBA RECOMMENDATIONS.
(=
Di
4 EXISTING OFFICE SPACE
1 7 : wise FRG fA . Heated eet OFFICE 1324 $a. FT. 8 OCCUPANTS:
Zz, . i ' 5 SHARED OFFICE 596 6a FT OCCUPANTS
, z / cence VPN Lo, | PACES
Si 4 | _ (isn STRPESE
* ‘ f << XC. 185 ee FT 104 Sa FT, H frre) TOTAL OFFICE SPACE (2925 5G. FT. 21 OCCUPANTS
3 3 Va » :, a
cI ‘ ie, oreice
a), oy ome weer, NEW OFFICE SPACE
r Bg) oe: 7 aN e 2 UNPROGRAMMED: 6858 SQ FT 44 OCCUPANTS:
: \ Nev) i OPEN OFFICE x 60+
LOGATION OF EXISTING: 8 ‘SPACES, DEQUCT 5486 SQ FT
= XY “EXISTING SERVICE CORE + 1 FICE og sa Fr FOR
2 ° i 391 SQ FT
LEAN memeae RELOCATED COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
tf S SPACES + UNISEX 845 SQ. FT. TV OCLUPANTS
;———J ACCESSIBLE TOILET
iam BUILDING TOTALS occuriasce SPACE
_- IST FLOOR - OFFICE BB SQ.FT 68 OCCUPANTS.
toot. = IST FLOOR - OER 2626 SQ. FT. 16 OCCUPANTS
C...., i (INK Sack
RESTORE FIREPLACE COMANEA’
f a : RECEPTION
HK SOS xO i 1031 sa FT! 2ND FLOOR - OFFICE 43416@ FT. 30 OCCUPANTS
s A Soosos on NMS i TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 15.6 SQ.FT.  W4 OCCUPANTS:
t oe J BUILDING SPACE
4 E TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE "B*
S// /,\: BOs cece Ss OE op FIRST FLOOR PLAN (TY
S 4 ‘eames at ooor i,
Wi: : te ke —) .
o Ve Lh t SCA OF FEET
" CENTRALIZED RECEPTION - REDUCED. |_ pe ae mE Se Sas
SPACE FOR REGEPTION AREA 1031 . ALT VALUE ANALYSIS
Seeviie BITRE BULDNG, NSA FL 2OCaEANTS 7 {er | TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES jaggy =a
EMPLOYEE DISPLAYS TECH, REWEW B hed a)
ome PARK HEADQUARTERS =
29 JAN Ot GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK j-— [OF —

LoBey GAME ALT. A



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Repost + Grand Canyon National Park

January 29, 200 Architectural Resources Group

made to keep these windows, missing storm: sashes should be replaced. A more desirable solution is to
replace the windows in kind or with a similar design, providing double glazing and a thermal break.

At some point, aluminum and glass vestibules were added to the building entries. They clutter the sim-
ple lines of the building. However, they provide an air lock, which is valuable in both the winter and
summer. Thus, they should remain in place. The interior vestibules create circulation problems due to
their placement, particularly at the area near the doors to the north covered walk. It may be possible to
move this vestibule to the exterior, under the covered walk.

In general the utilities are aged and in need of replacement. The current electrical service is provided by
APS at 120/240V, 3-phase, 4-wire. The existing service capacity is adequate for the existing structure.
However, the load capacity will need to be reviewed when the air conditioning and computer system
loads are more fully established or if a treatment alternative proposing expansion is pursued.

All light fixtures should be replaced with energy efficient models.

Abatement of Hazardous Materials

Asbestos-based elements and lead based paints are most likely found throughout the interior and exterior
of the building. A Level I HAZMAT testing program is recommended for the entire building. All exist-
ing magnetic ballasts should be assumed to contain PCBs and disposed of in accordance with all applic-
able rules and regulations.

Accessibility

In addition to the noted governing codes, NPS Director’s Order 28 (release 5, 1997) requires all historic
structures to be made accessible to the highest degree for visitors and employees. The project data sheet
for the building, dated 02/04/00, calls for “improvements to the building’s entry and egress areas to
facilitate accessibility.” The code requires that at least one, but not less than half of all building
entrances be accessible. At least two means of egress shall be accessible. With a few modifications, the
main entry shall serve as one of the required means. The vestibules should be enlarged to provide the
proper clearance between doors, or an automatic door opener shall be installed. A waiver should be
obtained for the irregular paving surface. The entry / egress doors at the north covered walk should also
be modified for accessibility. A single 3’-0” door leaf and glazed sidelight should replace the narrow
double doors. The vestibule configuration should be reconfigured. A 1:20 exterior ramp from the park-
ing area to the covered walk should be installed.

Although the code does require elevator access to the second level, installation of one would provide

greater accessibility to the building, following the mandate of Director’s Order 28. As there are multiple
levels in the building, the placement of the elevator is somewhat complicated. It would be difficult to

TREATMENT AND Use 37



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200

Figure 11. Rim Trail wraps around the back of the Visitor Center
and leads to the canyon edge. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E


95 Concord Drive
Sedona, AZ 86336
April 16, 2001

Ms. Katherine T. Petrin

Conservator and Historian

Architectural Resources Group

Pier 9, The Embarcadero

San Francisco, CA 9111

Dear Ms. Petrin:

In view of your deadline, I have set one of my own~-today's outgoing mail,
which means getting to the post office well before the 3 p.m, closing of the
window. (Therefore, please excuse me if I resort to strikeovers rather than
erasures--every minute counts.)

I am returning your proof, on which I made a lot of notations when it was
easiest to do so, but in many cases I needed more space for details, and
they will follow in this letter. I didn't have much luck dating the alter-
ations listed on page 20, because I think most of them occurred after I
retired in August 1985. I've returned to the park a number of times since
then, but in the meantime most of the people I knew there have left and there
is usually not much reason to spend a lot of my time at the Visitor Center.

In order to better visualize what I can tell you about various changes, I've
enclosed two copies of a "pre-expansion” floor plan that I traced from some-
thing while I still worked there. One is labelled with the 1957 uses of the
rooms, and I've used the other to indicate my best recollection of the changes
made up until 1985. (I realize that few of these include structural changes,
which are your chief interest; and where they do, I am unable to draw them

to scale.)

T'il also comment that I'm not sure you expected me to comment on spelling,
punctuation and grammar, but too many years of proof-reading have made it hard
to read without doing so. You probably didn't need my reactions to the alter-
natives, either, but that’s another old habit. .

This may be the best place to bring up a problem that consumed quite a bit
of the time I used on this project. In order to get a better sense of the
orientation of the building, when compass directions were used in the text,
I studied a map from the EIS for the July 1995 General Management Plen
(bought at a local yard sale!) and while the VC is rather small, its square
shape made it pretty clear that it doesn't line up with any of the cardinal
points of the compass. As closely as I could judge--and you can probably
confirm this--the front entrance faces ESE; it follows that the rear is WNW,
and the sides are NNE and SSW. For simplicity, the Page 21 usage of “East”
is the nearest cardinal point to use~-but as noted, this makes the reference
to "parking lots to the east and west of the building" rather confusing.

I think this parking lot error carries over into some of the alternatives.

Now~-with one eye on the clock--I'll try to comment on specific areas of
the building where I may have useful information.



a ee Ne Ne en ee oe

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP,

hee ; ee

i
|
j

CEMENT STIKLO WALL ALUMINUM AWNING:
FINISH, TYP. YUINDOVS, TYP.
— —_ Zo soon ak
: : CONDITIONER, TYP.
BPO GUE E
— 5 g oe “f a
LEY a &. =
a == = - : a = s i
: | ree eee —— : i Bs ual
MERTOR CENTER —— | ert. aie es a ce =
|EADOUARTERS fhm mmr A Ea Ps ee
ES Sper Sea ao
a
RED COD peat TH Nae AND Kh STONE VERNER COLUMNS:
OAS ENTRY, WP RO BAL INP, 1466 ADDITION - EAST ELEVATION (4)
@ she oS ne t ms
=e ; Se eZa ———— T
SoS) ==) 78S ] m

WOOD COLUMNS, TYP.
=)

|

WEEENE

ee ras sas

is
ars L

ALUMINUM GUARDRAIL, TYP.”

AREAWAY AT BASEMENT
LEVEL, SHOWN DASHED

1966 ADDITION - WEST ELEVATION BY

BELOW GRADE
1966 ADDITION - NORTH ELEVATION (3 DRAWING LEGEND
7 8] NEW CONSTRUCTION - 1966 ADDITION
ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING BUILDING - 1966 ADDITION
—
an! | [ELE] anninions To EXISTING euLDING - POST 1966
r) Q 8 16
SCALE GF FEET
DESIGNED: | SUB SHEET NO. TLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
= EC | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | ———
—— SAL EXISTING CONDITIONS xo [SHEET
TECH, REVIEW: | e) NO. es
(466 ADDITION - SOUTH ELEVATION /] ome PARK HEADQUARTERS a
YY 20 APRIL_O1 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK | =



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 8. Rear elevation. Door and overhang are original to the 1957 works.
ARG Photo, dated May, 2000. .

APPENDIX E


Grand Canyon Visitor Cen + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Appendix D. Historic Photographs of Visitor Center and Park Headquarters in
Chronological Order.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Janaary 29, 2007 Architectural Resources Group

Vil. TREATMENT Anb UsE

Ultimate Treatment and Use

This narrative discusses and analyzes the ultimate treatment and use of the structure as defined by the
Grand Canyon National Park. Recommended treatment in general is to preserve the extant historic
materials and features, but not to arbitrarily restore missing features unless they are highly characteristic
and in need of treatment for other reasons, such as severe deterioration. Any proposed rehabilitation
will be considered so that original character-defining features of the Grand Canyon Park Headquarters
and its site are maintained.

The park has recently completed work on the Canyon View Information Plaza, which supercedes the

~ Mission 66 building as a visitor center. The existing structure is to be converted entirely to park offices,

although the user groups have not been fully determined. As the gift shop and auditorium functions are
moving to the new information center; these spaces will be available for office space. The park would
like to provide a maximum amount of office space, while retaining the significant architectural features
of this Mission 66 prototype building. While there will no longer be a need for a grand entry lobby or
information desk, these features refer to the building’s historic use as a visitor center and should be
retained.

The building has been heavily used over the years. The park staff feels that maintenance and repairs to
the building are no longer effective. Many of the finishes, as well as services, are in need of replace-
ment. Originally, the building had a straight forward circulation pattern; now, various interior modifica-
tions have created a circulation maze. The circulation problems should be addressed in order to create
more efficient office layout.

Functional Deficiencies

The Grand Canyon Park Headquarters will continue to function as administrative offices for park staff;
however, it will no longer serve a public use, part of its original mandate since construction in 1957. It
will be converted to exclusive office use. During this process, its deficiencies must be addressed, in
order to better serve the current and new users. At the same time, special attention must be given to pre-
serving the original integrity of the building. Its deficiencies are as follows:

- Former Public Use Spaces Not Suitable for Office Uses
The configuration of interior spaces is suited for public use. The large volumes of the lobby,
gift shop, and auditorium are not conducive to reuse as efficient offices.

- Inadequate Light to Interior
The spaces at the south end of the building originally served as exhibit spaces and an

TREATMENT AND Use 31


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon Nationat Park.

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2002

Figure 18. This image illustrates the rear elevation of the Visitor Center after the 1966
addition that created a second floor and reconfigured the north end of the structure. The
successful addition respected all aspects of the original design and did not alter character-

defining features or elements of the 1954 proposals. Photo dated 1967. GCNPA Photo
Number 14272.

APPENDIX D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon Nationa) Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

The visitor center was a multiple-use facility that focused on learning and enlightenment. The buildings
were specifically designed to house an auditorium, interpretive exhibits, audiovisual programs, book
stores, other public services, and offices in one centralized location. The Park Service believed that pub-
lic education would raise American sensitivity to the natural environment and help preserve the nation’s
park system:

The overriding goal for its [NPS] visitor centers was to improve interpretation by
stimulating public interest in the park and then telling its story as clearly and simply
as possible. !3

All visitor amenities were typically organized within a single architectural floor plan. The procession
through a sequence of spaces in a visitor center was a particularly important aspect of the building
design. Increased numbers of visitors emphasized the importance of circulation and contemporary mod-
em architectural design also stressed procession as.integral to design. Elements that defined the spatial
procession included wide entrances, an open lobby, and views of natural features to facilitate interpretive
talks. The interior was organized to enhance the visitor experience by providing the opportunity to
experience in-depth interpretation through the use of the scientific study collection, library facilities and
discussions with professional interpretive personnel in the fields of geology, biology, history, and archae-
ology.

On the exterior the visitor center introduced a new style of architecture, Park Service Modern. Unlike
the NPS rustic architecture of previous decades, Mission 66 architecture did not seek to incorporate ele-
ments of the surrounding landscape but rather sought to achieve an intentional simplicity that deferred to
the landscape. This building, however, does not strictly adhere to this modern philosophy. This is a
more transitional, hybrid building with a gesture toward ornamentation, incorporating subtle references
to natural features. The Mission 66 program departed from the original ideals of NPS rustic park archi-
tecture but sought to construct buildings that would blend harmoniously with the landscape through
inconspicuous design.

The visitor center was intended to efficiently manage increased numbers of visitors and direct their
movement within the park. Like the contemporary shopping center, the visitor center made it possible
for people to park their cars at a central point, and from there have access to a range of services or
attractions. The visitor center was intended to concentrate public activities in a central area to prevent
uncontrolled, random patterns of use and damage to park natural features. !4

Grand Canyon National Park Visitor Center and Park Headquarters
Early proposals for the Public Use Building at the Grand Canyon suggest a struggle with programmatic
aspects of the facility. Preliminary drawings were produced in 1954 by Cecil Doty. All options by Doty

10 HisToRIcAL BACKGROUND



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + — Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200r

Figure 1. This image illustrates the principal facade of the Visitor Center during construction and provides excellent docu-
mentation of the construction technology. The structural system is concrete block on a cast-in-place concrete foundation.
Stucco was applied directly to the cast-in-place concrete and concrete block. Note that piers are clad in a stone veneer. Photo
dated 1957. GCNPA Photo Number 3728.

Apprennix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters

Historic Structure Report

Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

April 20, 2001

Figure 7. This image illustrates the original view from the entrance lobby into the exhibit and display space, now

the gift shop. Note the single set of doors that exit to the courtyard; second set forming a vestibule had not yet been

added at the time this photo was taken. This voluminous interior space was characterized by a wide open expanse,
" flagstone paving, blonde wood finish on the partition wall, polished to a sheen, all contributing to a light, spacious

and airy interior. Photo dated 1957. GCNPA Photo Number 3738.

ApPennix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group ‘April 20, 2001

Spiritually and physically, the canyon remains of great importance to the local native peoples: it is a
holy place, an object of pilgrimages, a symbol of legends, and a home place. Today, the reservations of
the Hualapai, Havasupai, and Navajo tribes include parts of Grand Canyon National Park; the Paiute and
Hopi reservations are nearby. Each of these tribes is linked to the history of the Canyon, from early
times to present day involvement.2

European Exploration

* During the early Spanish period, both the Hualapai and Havasupai were relatively unaffected. The first
few Spanish soldiers and explorers to encounter the canyon were led by Garcia Lopez de Cardenas from
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado’s expedition of 1540-1542.3 Cardenas and his men arrived at the South
Rim of the Grand Canyon in late September of 1540 with the assistance of Hopi guides. Finding the
land arid and difficult to traverse, the Spaniards left the canyon and its surrounding plateau lands to
native tribes and were not seen again in the immediate area until the 1770s. More concerned with chart-
ing the New World and understanding the geography of the region, the Spanish they were awed by the
canyon as a barrier, not for its scenic beauty, and focused instead on more easily-habitable regions.

American Westward Expansion

American trappers, fur traders, and frontiersmen scouted the area in the early nineteenth century, but
tended to avoid the treacherous, unforgiving and still uncharted depths of the canyon. Like the Spanish
before them, they saw it as an impediment to their hunting and trapping activities. In 1848, much of the
territory was still unexplored. The American frontier came late to the canyon. Rugged topography and
a hot, arid climate deterred settlers. Consequently, those who came were mostly men without families in
search of wealth: ranchers, settlers, and mining prospectors. These men arrived in Arizona in the 1870s
in such huge numbers that the population quadrupled. Hundreds of mining claims were staked, but min-
ing meant overcoming prohibitive difficulties: such as, lack of water; insufficient trails; packing out the
ore on burros; and, finally, paltry deposits. Some mining prospectors saw that their trails and Jand had
greater value in tourism than in mining. This realization coincided with escalating settlement of the
Southwest and railroad expansion, particularly the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, which pushed across
northern Arizona. ° :

Tourism Reaches the Canyon .

While the extension of the railroad to northem Arizona made the canyon more accessible in’the last
quarter of the nineteenth century, it was not until 1901 that visitors could arrive directly to the ‘South
Rim by rail. Until then, hardy visitors withstood the laborious journey by. horse-drawn stagecoach lines
or wagons. The arrival of rail service spawned the transformation of the smiall village into’ a more
sophisticated resort under the aegis of a concessionaire, the Fred Harvey Company, which was allied
with the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway. Fred Harvey established resorts to accommodate rail
travelers throughout the west. The Fred Harvey facilities at the South Rim ranged from the luxurious to

6 Historicat BACKGROUND

|

ne a ee te a ee ee ee ee ee eee eee ee



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Axchitectural Resources Group

April 20, 2001

Figure 7. Principal elevation integrates building and landscaping design
by incorporating planters, benches, flagstone paving and fountains. ARG
Photo,dated May, 2000.

AppEnox E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 5. This image illustrates the principal elevation of the Visitor Center just before the
building’s completion. Note the absence of the entrance sign. Photo dated 1957, GCNPA
Photo Number 3712.

Apprenoix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon

National Park

Architectural Resources Group

April 20, 2002

Figure 3. Principal facade and entrance road. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

AppENox E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report ° Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group

This image illustrates the interpretive function of the visitor center. Exhibit and dis-
plays told the story of the Grand Canyon. Photo dated 1966. GCNPA Photo
Number 4738.

April 20, 2007

ApPenoix D


nem m em meneeemee eee

|

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

— 22-8"
Aa ug -8t
a im Oo im o Q
T 7 + FFF eS
f A bs st eis + Foe +e \e
Hl ort, Cas gk /LA / os OFFICE S -2OG+ Ts + + office +\ |] pasepoarD
c Po. TeATER Pe
' OPEN TO
! LIBRARY
t ATTIC. BELOW 4
I STORAGE
! (on
| amigas
‘ST
7 q
'
\ it
\o BIRCH WARDROBE
WITH CABINETS
ABOVE, TYP, WINDOW AIR
OPEN TO CONDITIONER, TYP.
ore ~ |) aie
C
i
\
\
H FLOOR:
' HATCH
1 ATTIC. OPEN TO
! STORAGE PATIO
x
5
H
SS
| | AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE
i MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN cy
—] roL
7 = oe — Li KEY
i
i me me ome PRIMARY ELEVATION
| y + F
I | oi PRIMARY SPACE an TERTIARY SPACE
1 —
! Zw SECONDARY SPACE NON-CONTRIBUTING SPACE
| |
| ! 8 Q 2 6 x
{ ! SCALE OF FEET
itl ee
ee oe a me A Sc et SR TA SL my _
1
i DESIGNED: SUB _SHEET NO. TLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
VoL | _ _ I moet} | | | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
= Niele ee EXISTING CONDITIONS
Lee cr ree sia RE 1?
one: PARK HEADQUARTERS
_ _ 20 APRIL_O1 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



—=— oo

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

223'-6" 1
ae MBB" :
2 5: =
i
I
i
H c OPEN TO
. I LIBRARY
) \ ATTIC. BELOW
- 1 STORAGE
N i MOI
i PULL DOWN
1 STAIR:
!
i CIT) I E
i EAA A a
BIRCH WARDROBE = -
WITH CABINETS
ABOVE, TYP, HNDON AIR
OPEN TO CONDITIONER, TYP.
Soon aon CORRIDOR s
ue og
7
1
I
i FLOOR
i HATCH
1
H ATTIC. OPEN TO.
H STORAGE PATIO
H [uiez]
1
t tC
‘
1
Se
os
eae
jo
! l j L 1966 ADDITION
MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN (T)
ar,
DRAWING LEGEND
{EW CONSTRUCTION - (966 ADDITION
| (ZZZ ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING BUILDING - 1466 ADDITION
(54) appitions To existine BUILDING - POST 1466
cy g 8 6 x
‘SCALE OF FEET
|
DESIGNED: | SUB_SHEET NO. TLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
om EC HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT =
—S_| EXISTING CONDITIONS PKG.] SHEET
TECH. REVIEW: 8 No. (J
ait: PARK HEADQUARTERS
20_APRIL_O1 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

“Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Character-Defining Features

The following paragraphs summarize significant building elements, contributing to the building’s mod-
ern character. Many are typical elements that came to define NPS Mission 66 architecture. The Mission
66 aesthetic incorporated features of the International Style, such as: the general form and massing of
the building; horizontal lines; widow treatment; and, the absence of ornamentation.

Exterior
* prominent entrance:
* canopy

* arrangement of the piers, formal colonnade of pillars
* one exaggerated pier, shifted axis, supporting the flagpole
+ — glass curtain wall

* decorative brick
* stucco
* — straight simple lines
* — flat unpunctuated stucco wall surfaces
+ — solid walls v. open glassy entry
* redwood entrance sign with aluminum lettering in a sans serif font
+ aluminum awning windows
* band of small rectangular windows at the rear elevation
+ materials of the Modem Movement: glass, steel, and concrete
+ intentional ‘plainness’ that defers to landscape
+ — flat roof without an eave
* exterior flagstone paving that continues into the building
+ landscaping, fountains, benches, low walls
interior

* general circulation and organization :

* big volume spaces, rooms and the intended procession through those spaces

* interior courtyard with native plantings, free-form planting beds, and wood columns and covered
walk

entrance lobby

large glass window expause at front entrance

fireplace: rectilinear opening with squared cantilevered ledge

polished flagstone paving

blonde wood cabinetry and aluminum metal trim in hallways

aluminum handrails

typical office finishes: blonde wood doors and cabinetry and aluminum metal trim
original blonde wood partition wall separating lobby and exhibit area (no longer extant)
courtyard and tapered wood columns

low, stone, free-form planters in the courtyard

ee ee ey

20 SIGNIFICANCE AND INTEGRITY EVALUATION



n National Park

“April 20, 2005

Appendix A. Existing Conditions Drawings of Plans, Elevations, and Section, including
Drawings Illustrating Conditions Survey, Areas of Significance and 1966
Addition, all dated April 20, 2001.

Appendix B. Alternative Treatment Drawings, dated April 20, 2001.
Appendix C. Code Analysis.

Appendix D. Historic Photographs of Visitor Center and Park Headquarters in
Chronological Order.

Appendix E. Photographs of Existing Conditions.

Appendix F. Potential Seismic Hazard Assessment by Sato and Associates, dated
October 1998.

Appendix G. Letter from Louise M. Hinchliffe, formerly of Naturalist Division and
Curator Librarian, dated April 16, 2001.

Appendix H. Consultant Reports.

Appendix I. —_ Alternative Treatment Drawings as Revised at the Park Headquarters Value
Analysis, held February 6-7, 2001.



ARCIUTECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP.

ro

_ a 223-8" — _
4f-4" 3-8"
— = __ i wl oO g i cmeeerevelal
Speer SSS
v LI Ne
' OFFICE orrice || OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE KITCHEN OFFICE
k era +4 fie 205 Boe [~ ReaTeR ne.
1
> i 6Se oreP an Ml DN WN
Ry \ fa MENS. WOMEN'S
' ;TROOM RESTROOM
| DN
ot
1 uy
H office TELECOMS UV
. H i] H (22) DATA OFFICE oO
s——k J Cc DN ao (ia)
= ] : =
BIRCH WARD} a wi -
WITH CABINETS _
ABOVE, TYP, BF * WINDOW AIR
OPEN TO) 7 CONDITIONER, TYP,
‘CONFERENCE IC
CORRIDOR,
ROOM BELOW wp Koa
! OFFICE I
— iy aa OFFICE
t 1 __
net ——,
| HATCH
! —
{ i
! ATTIC. OFEN TO OFFICE yi
! STORAGE PATIO e235
re owt |
i Tit
i =

EXISTING CONDITIONS
MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN ap

QA sone

C STUD PARTITION WALL

& fe) & lo x
| SCALE OF FEET
DESIGNED: ‘SUB SHEET NO. TLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
mame EC HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT =
mean 3 EXISTING CONDITIONS
REVIEW:
oie PARK HEADQUARTERS
20 APRIL_O1 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report = + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 4. This image illustrates the interior courtyard of the Visitor Center during
construction. Note the chimney and flue in the background, tapered wood columns,
and masonry construction of the planting beds. Photo dated 1957. GCNPA Photo

Number 3726.

APPENDIX D



(¢sdutisezp dayqo ayy Fo ssoy} OF TeTtMITs are suotz10doad
ayy AUTYZ IT 9nq fatTeos oF You st pue ‘ftomeu mory euop sem stuL)

*oT4qe pasTAorduT 943 03 PeT JET woFyog ye ATeySs BuTpTos ouy
*suaqyt Aaeoy ZuTggtT sos Aetind ev pue *ssao0e soy [Tem ayy uo
Appel TeOTFAea © YATM 0T792, US sem way. eacge adeds ay Jo euos
pue sSuT[Teo ,Teusou, pey sulool [Tes pue Jajzued uT [Tey f{euTsTs0
FO YUBTOY TIns sem woor eB1ey -*6L6T ur Aaeaqry Aq ,pertazeyut, pue
‘klopeLoqgeT Se asa Joy pouoTatTzred se ‘unTsoytpny ATTeuTst4o aoedg

1 of

Wire escape

4
soTzed worg aouerquy

AW

| seer to storay

Window opened into lab office to

provide a fire escape.

2
a
Q
s
7)
S
di
t
2
“d
3
a

a a



Aptil 20, 2001

Appendix G. Letter from Louise M. Hinchliffe, formerly of Naturalist Division and
Curator Librarian, dated April 16, 2001.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2007

the project was never realized, the Visitor Center continued to serve its intended original use as the most
comprehensive visitor assistance facility in the park.

Architect Cecil J. Doty

Architect Cecil John Doty (1907-1990) had a thirty-five year career in Park Service design. As one of
the principal in-house NPS architects, his prolific career spanned both the rustic period of the 1930’s
through the Mission 66 years. Until recently he has been one of the least studied of the Park Service
designers. As the importance of the architecture of the Mission 66 period emerges, Doty’s name, associ-
ated with many designs of the era, is coming to the fore as is the work of his generation of architects.

Raised on a farm in May, Oklahoma, Doty graduated from Oklahoma A& M (now Oklahoma State)
with a degree in architectural engineering in 1928. During the Depression, Doty worked in Oklahoma in
a variety of architecture-related capacities, drafting at a local firm, teaching drawing and history, and,
finally, attempting to open his own practice. Shortly thereafter, Doty joined the CCC state parks pro-
gram where he worked as a draftsman under Herbert Maier, an architect with a long career in Park
Service construction and management and in designing the first innovative NPS museums. In 1936
Doty became regional architect in the Oklahoma office; and the next year followed Maier to the new
regional office in Santa Fe with Herbert Maier. This move marked Doty’s shift from work in state parks
to national parks where he continued through the 1940s and 50s. His first major design for the NPS
Wester Office of Design and Construction (woDc) was the Public Use Building at the Grand Canyon,
the visitor center prototype.

One of the most admired of all late rustic period buildings is Doty’s 1937 design for the Regional Three
Headquarters built for the Park Service in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Historically correct, the traditional
one-story adobe building provided offices that were arranged around a central courtyard, The design
included a double-height entrance, exposed timber vigas and adobe bricks. At the time of construction,
the design was praised as a fine adaptation of regional architecture and was commended by Albert H.
Good, architectural advisor to the NPS and author of the 1938 publication Parks and Recreation
Structures. The Santa Fe Regional Headquarters and the Grand Canyon Visitor Center and Park
Headquarters interesting parallels. Both are organized within a single architectural floor plan, empha-
size horizontals, low silhouettes and similar volumes. The two buildings are characterized by simple
surfaces and long expanses of unbroken stucco.

Sarah Allaback, in her thorough and meticulous study, Mission 66 Visitor Centers, A History of a
Building Type, states:

Doty made the change from rustic to modemist style and for him the shift was
entirely natural. He was simply doing his job under new parameters within a

14 HisTORICAL BACKGROUND:



2

Changes from the 1957 uses of Visitor Center space (see floor plan)
(With apologies for having to depend on memory for lack of documentation )

Auditorium: Was poorly planned for such use; acoustics poor, both air and
visbtor circulation poor because entrance and egress were through one
door at rear of room. There was no projection booth, so visitors had
to walk in front of the slide projector if they came in or left during
a program. We tried giving programs there for awhile, but gave up and
used it mainly for staff orientation, and other employee programs.

At some point--and I can only be sure it was later than 1966-~it was
partitioned (see my sketch) for use by a new park activity-~a research
Jab. Since this was probably part of the 1970 "Reorganization" this .
date may come nearest to those internal structural changes. Following

a fire in one of the middle rooms of the lab, which could easily have
trapped someone in a rear room, a window was cut into the rear wall,

At some time prior to mid-1979 the lab moved out, and after considering
several alternatives, the Superintendent directed that the library
should be moved into the rooms. The "window" room became the Librarian's
office.

Study Collection: I don't think this was affected by any of the changes--
aE least as of 1985. I don't understand the reference on page 10 to
"a series of three 'study collection’ rooms..." At one time we con-
sidered subdividing it to help the curator escape the pervasive PDS
fumes, but I can't remember if anything was done about it. .During the
years we had no curator, I spent a lot of time in there.

Workshop: Originally a necessity when interpretive exhibits were "home made,"
it later provided storage and office space for Cooperating Ass'n. staff
and publications. It was reduced in size when the upstairs was built;
the "lost" part became the Mail & Files room for Administration.

Naturalist & Secty: In 1957 were used by Park Naturalist Schellbach and
myself, until staffing the information desk became too difficult to do
and we "traded" with some of the spaces in the front of the building.

Vault: Was used for storage of irreplaceable items-~"type specimens" from
the study collection, historic uniforms, archival materials, reserve
“art for future exhibit use, and a lot of potentially historic files
that would have been subject to periodic "files reduction" programs
aif I hadn't insisted on saving them.

The small, unlabelled room next to the vault was a closet, originally
large enough for all the sales stock of the GCNHA beyond what was kept
at the information desk point-of-sale. .

Library: Served that purpose until mid~1979. By then, many seldom-used

periodicals had to be stored on shelves in the study collection room

and there was very limited work area for processing new books, etc.

As noted under "Auditorium the library moved its operation to the
original auditorium space. “Later (sorry, no date) this room was
suodivided for use of the Cooperating Association employees.
(Incidentally, the Libary suffered from leaking reofs in both locations.)



——

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP.

208-6
—— _ 16010"
Sa im imal
= = Ts Se ee ol, =a—
OFFICE OFFICE C i
¢ OFFICE z pase
133 = Es BASEBOARD
ig (3) [Text] Ht 4 HEATER, TYP.
= 1 ee os ‘
cS Ld i Fe
2 HGH DENSITY. [hoses cs is 4
Pa LisRARY OFFICE
a” ‘SHELVING: fees) w) eas
PULL-DOWN {I i
OFFICE a STAIR TO i
era) 1 Aime OFFICE STORAGE is BIRCH WAR BE
— INETS
|| dger 7-20 £00 Bee
CONFERENCE 5
Re 7 HINDOW AIR
ms ; GL PIE ve
r
\ VAULT
G
1 1
i
a
COMMUNICATIONS § 1 OFFICE
ce 6)
COMMUNICATIONS aa 1
CENTER L '
!
I COMMUNICATIONS "| i
H CANTER t OFFICE
1 fizz) re "a
CLOSET ae — TOILET
aan ROOM ae
(a5 H
J \
PROJECTION ! q
ROOM 1
CI 1 OFFICE
Co o} 46)
: val olen @
1
a
a” orice 6 881d
4c) &
—~ WOMEN'S:
oo RESTROOM
Poy ae)
: a oo00 1966 ADDITION
: AUDITORIUM rf # ly FIRST FLOOR PLAN
Co phe pos iW
‘ ut mu OFFICE DRAING LEGEND
WALL Hol i tf
DISPLAY |CASE i 1A NEW CONSTRUCTION - 1466 ADDITION
1
' it ra ,
SIFT H ! i "4 ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING BUILDING ~ 1466 ADDITION
‘SHOP 1! Loper |
Le] ti
Ed a ADDITIONS TO EXISTING BUILDING - POST 1466
it 1 [INFORMATION--t~3}
it 1 DESK 7
HH i E 2 ’ 6 7
I H Ht SCALE OF FEET
: hy +
ws
+t
DESIGNED: SUB SHEET NO. TILE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
Loe vy} Year EC | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
—S__f EXISTING CONDITIONS PKG.[ SHEET
BUILDING TECH. REVIEW: ‘NO.
LDH CONCRETE BLOCK WITH
SIGNAGE STUCCO FACE OME: PARK HEADQUARTERS
20 APRIL 01 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2007 Architectural Resources Group

Administrative Data
Historic Names: Public Use Building (during planning and construction)
Visitor Center (upon dedication, June, 1957)

Common Name: Visitor Center and Park Headquarters

Park Structure Number: Building 105

Location: South Rim, Grand Canyon National Park, Coconino County, Arizona
USGS Map - Williams Quadrangle
UTM: easting 398970 northing 3990442

Cultural Resource Data
The building is not listed on the National Register of Historic Places; however, the building is the sub-
ject of a draft nomination currently in progress.

The original drawings for this building are on microfiche at the NPS Denver Service Center. If there is
not a copy of the drawings in the Grand Canyon National Park Archives at the South Rim, a copy should
be placed with that collection. There are a number of historic photographs of this structure within the
collection of the Park Archives. The Park Archives collection is an appropriate location for these items.

Explanatory Note

With regard to the orientation of the building and compass direction references, we have relied on the
established directional designations as set forth in the 1955 construction drawings. Throughout the doc-
ument, we refer to the principal elevation as the East elevation, the rear elevation as the West elevation
and the side elevations as North and South. .

Executive SuMMARY 3



~ TED EAT STAIR EXISTING COMMUNICATIONS CENTER POSSIBLE LIBRARY LOCATIONS sHonn natcHeo
“~\ 3 SPACES + TOILET 6l6 SQ FT 5 OCCUPANTS STACK SPACE ALLOW 100 $@. FT “LOCOIPANTS:
7 Laval OFFICE SPACE ALLOW 400 $@ FT. Py 7 3 OCOIPANTS

1 ATUNPROGRAMED OPEN
OFFICE SPACES, CIRCULATIO
SHALL OCCUR THROUGH THE
GLAZED INFILL AREA AT PA’
THE ENTIRE SPACE WILL BE

OFFICE

=.
=

ALOTIED TO OFFICE
OCCUPANCY, WITHOUT THE 2G
CIRCULATION DEDUCTION

2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES

SQ. FT PER OCCUPANT, PER
5A RECOMMENDATIONS.

UNPROGRAMMED
OPEN OFFICE SPACE
1916 $@. FT.

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE

INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = 1B24SQ.FT = & OCCUPANTS
SPACES
5 SHARED OFFICE 1546 SQ FT, 13 OCCUPANTS
SPACES

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE = 2425 SQ FT 21 OCCUPANTS.

CENTRALIZED RECEPTION - REDUCED
SPACE FOR RECEPTION TBD SQ.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS

AREA SERVING ENTIRE
BUILDING:

EXPANDED OFFICE SPACE
A INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = 624 SQ.FT, «4 OCCUPANTS
SPACES

Ls Df
NEACIRCULATION SPINE

Sy
KEW ELEVATOR WY
MACHINE ROOM {4
i LocaTep AT |H
— a

HINDOWS IN EXISTING PATIO HALL

(2 SHARED OFFICE 4445 FT. 4 OCCUPANTS:
SPACES

fees

TOTAL OFFICESPACE IOI SQ.FT. 8 OCLUPANTS.

BASEMENT
BUILDING. TOTALS ocqriasie SPACE
IST FLOOR - OFFICE 10521 SQ. FT. 81 OCCUPANTS

Ps
L , 1ST FLOOR - OTHER 2104 SQ. FT. 14 OCCUPANTS:

= 5 ; TAS
: ——k } {STACK SPACE,
RESTORE FIREPLACE ~7 i coppice . oeinesriaxs,
P68 $a. FT. | INO FLOOR - OFFICE 4341 SQ FY SO OCCUPANTS

x our TOTAL OCOUPINBIE = 12 EQ FT — 125 OCCUPANTS
 & mie Wasa FT |: BUILDING SPACE

x 4 SA FF, Byam
ods TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE °C".

06 sa FT a TT FIRST FLOOR PLAN (TY)
‘ sf] LANDING AT DOOR VY

190 $Q. FT) 225 $8. FT.
| I Des] Ses See oo Wie oF SHeeT
sa] ALT VALUE ANALYSIS

RAW,

SAL C TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES

3 UNPROGRAMMED OPEN OFFICE
SPACES W/ CIRCULATION AT

GLAZED PATIO INFILL - 100% OF atl
AREA AVAILABLE FOR OFFICES, Si
CEDUCT 1100 60. FT FOR
LIBRARY

6124 SQ.FT. 49 OCCUPANTS. —

TECH REVEW

ae z PARK HEADQUARTERS

OATE,
29 WAN OF GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK

—— LoBty SAME AS ALTA

ARoTECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP



April 20, 2001

¢ Code Analysis ° Grand Canyon National Park
Architectural Resources Group

Area and Occupancy Matrix
occ.
LOAD
NET (SQ.FT
AREA /OCC.) | NO. OF | OCCU-
SPACE (SQ. FT) USE OCCS._| PANCY
Basement Mechanical 721 mechanical room 721 3 not
Room 7300 assigned
BASEMENT TOTAL TAL - - 3 -
1° Floor Existing Office 3865 office 3865 / 39 B
Space 100
1* Floor Future Office 7548 x .80= | office, tobe programmed | 6038/ 60 B
Space 6038 100
FIRST FLOOR 9903 - - 99 -
TOTAL
Mezzanine Storage 1494 storage 1494/ 5 S-2
300
MEZZANINE TOTAL 4494 > - -
Mezzanine Office 504 office 504/ B
100
2nd Floor Existing Office 2907 Office, break room 2907 /. 29 B
Space 100
SECOND FLOOR 3411 - - 34 -
TOTAL
BUILDING TOTAL 15,529 - - 141 -

2) Type of Construction: The existing construction is type V, non-rated, as defined in Chapter

6 of the UBC.

3) Allowable Area / Allowable Height: Floor area includes the gross area of the building, as
well as those usable exterior areas under the horizontal projection of the roof at the main
entry, north service porch, and patio. The total floor area of a building cannot exceed the
allowable areas set forth in Table 5-B of the UBC. This table also limits the number of
building stories. The allowable areas and heights may be increased with the addition of an
automatic sprinkler system.


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

“Architectural Resources Group ‘Apuil 20, 2001

large split at the bottom and exposure of the vertical steel dowel within the column. (See Appendix E,
Figure 24) The damage appears to have been caused by a motor vehicle running into the column; there
are no parking curbs adjacent to these columns. This column should be replaced in kind. In the past,
consolidation repairs have been carried out using epoxies.

Roof

The roof membrane, parapet and flues are very deteriorated and show evidence of various series of
attempted maintenance. Evidence of past repairs includes new flashing, mastic repairs and urethane
sealant that have attempted to address water problems to correct the problems inherent to the roof
design. The flat roof has not performed well given the harsh climatic conditions. The fireplace and
heating flues above the roofline exhibit severe erosion at the cap and staining. Both have reinforced
concrete caps; reinforcing steel is exposed. The roof contains obsolete equipment, defunct solar panels
and excess wiring. The roofing membrane is in need of replacement.

Landscaping
The flagstone paving at front of building and at the interior patio is wom, chipped, and damaged and in
need of repair. (See Appendix E, Figure 25)

30 ConpiTions ASSESSMENT



Grand Canyon Visitor Center + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon Nationai Park

Architectural Resources Group

Appendix C. Code Analysis.

‘April 20, 2002


sony

ENGINEERS

Visitor Center and Park Headquarters Structural Assessment

Grand Canyon National Park November 15, 2000

overturning. The units should be removed, or at least anchored to the concrete floor in a manner
sufficient to resist lateral loads imposed by the contents of the cabinets.

Several alternate floor plans have been developed for use at the Visitor Center. Alternates B and C
require the addition of usable second floor area on the existing roof. The addition could be accomplished
by adding intermittent joists between the existing roof joists, as was done for the 1966 addition. Ail
framing would still bear on the existing CMU bearing walls. A new elevator would be located to land
between the existing continuous footings at the slab-on-grade. An exterior exit stair would require new
supports and a new landing over the stairwell to the basement. It does not appear that extensive seismic
upgrading would be necessary to accommodate the addition. It is feasible to do this work to the existing
structure.

The floor plan alternates also show the addition of windows in the north, south, and east CMU walls at
the courtyard. The modification required to add the lines of windows indicated would substantially
impact the load capacity of the building. The interior CMU walls are both gravity-load bearing and shear
walls. Adding the number of windows indicated will greatly reduce the lateral load transfer capabilities
of the original structure, including its capacity to transfer the Joads imposed by the 1966 addition and any
new addition to the second floor. Additional upgrade work to the building would be required if the
windows are added.



Appendix B. Alternative Treatment Drawings, dated April 20, 2001.

April 20, 2007.


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

“Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Undated Alterations

Auditorium constructed in space originally designated for display and exhibit; new exit door and
exterior ramp added. Original flooring and finishes obscured or removed.

Gift shop constructed in space originally designated for display and exhibit. Original flooring and
finishes obscured or removed.

Vestibules added at principal entrance doors and at courtyard entrance, post-1966.

Building name change from Visitor Center to Visitor Center and Park Headquarters, post-1966.
Storage attic constructed at southwest corner.

Solar panels installed at roof level on north side of the building.

Display cases installed over fireplace opening, alteration to fireplace, post-1994.

Proposal to install a ceiling in the archives area, resulting in the windows being covered, project
unrealized.

22 CHRONOLOGY

i
i
i
'

i a a a



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

“Architectural Resources Group ‘April 20, 2001

spaces given over to new offices;
* improves security for communications center in more autonomous location with dedicated entrance;
* improves office space functionality and flexibility by the layout of continuous flow of space;
* patio and exterior elevations as original; and,
* increases building accessibility.

Negative aspects associated with Alternative A:

* — elevator is not in the most logical location, could be more convenient if located nearer lobby space;
* — least amount of office space offered in the three alternatives; and,

* — loss of storage space.

40 TREATMENT AND USE



Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

d: Transformer

Flack + Kurtz
Ref. No.: $00.02260.00
November 7, 2000

Site Photos



—_ im!

[OP Sn prmenes ened

“babe

Corn gant dn mate

i

facooocogocsc ooaac:

|

nen en ew cae

~ [REE

Le

Pino ee eee

14517 CONSTRUCTION
ELEVATIONS OVERLAY 2)

fl & 2 & 16

8 . ‘SCALE OF FEET
? f} cee Ue ee
I.

a DESIGNED: SUa_SHEET_NO. MLE OF SHEET ‘DRAWING. NO.
| pane EC | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | ——=

E SAL | EXISTING CONDITIONS -  fRg] Seer
; é TECH, REVIEW: 9 _ i
imo: ; : oe PARK HEADQUARTERS {=|
j ne ce _ A 20 APRIL OV GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK po



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 200 Architectural Resources Group

Figure 9) A gift shop and access to the auditorium are at the opposite end. The original blonde wood
partition wall separating lobby and exhibit area was designed in the contemporary idiom and has been
removed. (See Appendix D, Figure 7) The lobby leads to the open-air courtyard where the focus is on
the native plantings and a boat exhibit. (See Appendix E, Figures 10-12) The courtyard is distin-
guished by low, stone, free-form planters and tapered wood columns. The big volumes on the first floor
of the interior were designed as a sequence of spaces integral to the experience of the building.
Restrooms are located off the lobby just before the separation of public space and secured office space.

The first floor accommodates the park’s communications and dispatch center, a conference room, and
the library. (See Appendix E, Figure 13)

At the main entrance and at the entrance to the courtyard, aluminum and glass vestibules serve as air
locks. The installation of the air locks intrudes upon the clean design of the entrances.

The lighting in the character-defining spaces of the building is considered integral to the building’s
expression. An example is the 1950’s square recessed lights found in the courtyard.

interior Second Floor

The second floor consists primarily of cellular offices off narrow hallways, including the office of the
Park Superintendent. Offices accommodate one individual or are shared. Throughout both the first and
second floors the typical office finishes and paint schemes are usually original, corresponding to either
the 1957 work or the 1966 addition. Typical interior features are blonde wood doors and cabinetry in
offices and hallways, aluminum metal trim and handrails, and polished flagstone paving in the public
areas. (See Appendix E, Figure 14) Some offices are more utilitarian in nature. (See Appendix E,
Figures 15-16)

Puysicat Description 25



ENGINEERS

Visitor Center and Park Headquarters Structural Assessment
Grand Canyon National Park November 15, 2000

Grand Canyon Visitor Center and Park Headquarters

Existing Conditions

The main portion of the Visitor Center building is roughly 132’ by 162” with an open central courtyard area.
This structure was completed in 1957. A 68’ long by 32’ wide addition to the northwest corner, and a second
floor over the addition and a portion of the adjacent existing structure, was completed in 1966. A 21’ by 36”
basement on the north side contains building mechanical equipment. Additional mechanical units and piping
are located in crawl spaces under the east and south sides of the structure.

The building is constructed of partially grouted CMU block bearing walls with a steel joist floor and roof
system. The roof diaphragm is comprised of 2x tongue and groove wood decking. The second floor
diaphragm is a concrete-filled metal deck. The first floor is constructed primarily of structural concrete slab
spanning over crawl space or basement areas, and some sections of concrete slab-on-grade. The foundations,
retaining walls, and columns within the crawl spaces are constructed of concrete.

Two 12” wide x 28” deep concrete pilasters are located within the south wall, and two 11-5/8” wide by 16”
deep concrete pilasters are located in the interior wall corners on the south side. The CMU block is
discontinuous where the concrete pilaster/columns occur. Steel wide-flange beams connect the two sets of
concrete columns. The beam and column configuration ties the south wall into the remainder of the building to
brace the south wall and to transfer lateral loads.

At the exterior of the south wall, a vertical crack in the plaster finish is located along the line of material
discontinuity at the southwestem concrete pilaster. The crack stops where the CMU parapet is continuous over
the top of the concrete pilaster. The crack is not representative of any structural deficiency; the plaster
covering has cracked where two different materials abut each other beneath the plaster.

A projection room with a raised floor, relative to the first floor, exists at the west end of the auditorium.
Neither access to the framing nor existing plans were available. Based on plans for a renovation that was not
completed at the Visitor Center, it appears the floor could be framed with sawn wood joists on wood stud
walls.

Over the library, a wood-framed storage mezzanine was added within the original building. The mezzanine is
accessible by a pull-down stepladder. There is evidence of water leakage in several places in the mezzanine.
The leakage appears to come through the roofing. At the first floor of the library, on the structural slab over
the crawl space, high-density bookcases have been installed. There was no evidence of cracking at the bottom
of the slab, which would indicate overstressing of the structural slab.

The original parapets of the roof above the first floor exhibit varying degrees of decay. Most of the decay is -

limited to the stucco cap. Where this occurs, there is, in some areas, erosion of the concrete cap on top of the
masonry wal}. The concrete cap could be patched using a concrete grout or the cap could be entirely removed



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report = + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group : April 20, 2007

Figure 14. This image illustrates the backcountry permit office in the inte-
rior of the courtyard of the Grand Canyon Visitor Center. The building's
Pprogrant sought to provide all types of visitor amenities in one centralized
location. Photo is undated. GCNPA Photo Number 11001.

Appenoix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

‘Architectural Resources Group ‘Apt 20, 200

Ise, John. Our National Park Policy: A Critical History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press,
1961.

James, George Wharton. Arizona: The Wonderland. Boston: The Page Company, 1917.
James, George Wharton. Grand Canyon and How to See It, Boston: Little Brown & Company, 1910

Lewis, Ralph H. Museum Curatorship in the National Park Service, 1904-1982. Washington, D.C.:
NPS, 1993.

Madrid, Christine L. The Mission 66 Visitor Centers 1956-1966: Early Modern Architecture in the
National Park Service. Master’s Thesis University of Virginia, School of Architecture, May 1998.

Mather, Stephen T. Progress in the Development of the National Parks. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1916.

McClelland, Linda Flint. Building the National Parks: Historic Landscape Design and Construction.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1998.

Merk, Frederick. History of Westward Movement. 1978.

Monroe, Jonathan Searle. Architecture in the National Parks: Cecil Doty and Mission 66. Master’s
Thesis University of Washington, 1986.

Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1973.

National Register of Historic Places Draft Nomination Form: Grand Canyon Public Use Building. (in
progress).

Newton, Norman T. Design on the Land: The Development of Landscape Architecture. Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 1971.

Olmsted, Frederick Law, Sr. “The Distinction between National Parks and National Forests.” Landscape
Architecture 6, no. 3 (1916): 115-16.

Pray, James: Sturgis with Robert B. Marshall. “The American Society of Landscape Architects and Our
National Parks.” Landscape Architecture 6, no. 3 (1916).

Rifkind, Carole. 4 Field Guide to American Architecture. New York: The New American Library, 1980.

Tishler, William, ed. American Landscape Architecture: Designers and Places. Washington, D.C.:
Preservation Press, 1989.

Tweed, William C., Laura Soulliere, Henry G. Law. National Park Service Rustic Architecture: 1916-
1942, National Park Service, Western Regional Office, February, 1977.

United States Department of the Interior. National Register of Historic Places. National Register Bulletin
15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Revised 1995.

United States Department of the Interior. National Register of Historic Places. National Register Bulletin

48 BIBLIOGRAPHY

|

mm 2 eee ele le ee ee eles ee



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001

Archicectural Resources Group

Figure 9. This image illustrates the north elevation at the time of the original construction. Note that the walls of the
bull-pen parking lot have not yet been constructed. The photo shows this elevation before the second story addition
of 1966. Photo dated 1958. GCNPA Photo Number 3774.

Appenox D



— am a mm mE ae ee eee eee

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

CEMENT STUCCO WALL.
FINISH, TYP.

ALUMINUM AWNING:
WINDOWS, TYP.

WINDON AIR

CONDITIONER, TYP.

AT TOP OF STONE PLASTER
AT STUCCO WALL BEYOND

ff

(CONSTRUCTION JOINT

G e

REDWOOD SIGN WITH
ALUMINUM LETTERS:

ae ALUMINUM AND

GLASS ENTRY, TYP.

TON

{457 CONSTRUCTION

CONDITIONS SURVEY - WEST ELEVATION (T)

CONDITIONS SURVEY LEGEND

LOSS OF MATERIAL AT CEMENT STUCCO FINISH:
LOSS OF CAPSTONE AT PARAPET

LOSS OF MATERIAL AT CONCRETE; AGGREGATE EXPOSED

FAILURE OF CEMENT STUCCO FINISH; PEELING PAINT COAT

DELAMINATION OF STONE VENEER

DISCOLORATION OF CEMENT STUCCO FINISH

DISCOLORATION OF STONE VENEER

CRACK IN CEMENT STUCCO WALL FINISH

LOSS OF MATERIAL AT STONE VENEER; SEVERE LOSS OF MORTAR

CONDITIONS SURVEY KEY NOTES

ORICREC HEE OMEC)

ORES)

CRACK IN CEMENT STUCCO WALL FINISH AT
JOINTS IN CMU. WALL

FAILURE AT JOINT BETWEEN FLASHING AND
CEMENT STUCCO FINISH

WATER MIGRATION BEHIND CEMENT STUCCO.
FINISH AT SCUPPER / DOWN SPOUT

CEMENT STUCCO FINISH CRACKING AT WINDOW
SILL

TYPICAL CONDITION AT SERVICE YARD
WALLS: CRACK IN CEMENT STUCCO FINISH AT
JOINTS IN C.MU. WALL, SEVERE CRACKS IN
FINISH AT TOP OF WALL, EXPOSURE OF
CAPSTONE, AND BIOLOGICAL GROWTH AT TOP
OF WALL

EFFLORESCENCE AT SIDE OF STONE PIER /
<UNCTION WITH ROOF

SEVERE LOSS OF MORTAR AT JOINTS ~ 3 1/2"
IN DEPTH

CORORCTOROMEEOMC)

oF

PEELING / BULGING PAINT AT DOOR SURFACE
DETERIORATION OF GLAZING PUTTY -
CRUMBLING AND FRIABLE, WITH MISSING:
SECTIONS

APPLICATION OF SEALANT AT GLAZING
CRACK. iN WINDOW GLAZING

ALUMINUM HANDRAIL NOT SECURE IN PLACE
DAMAGED RAIN LEADER

WATER POOLING DUE TO INSUFFICIENT ROOF
SLOPE

TYPICAL CONDITION AT RAMP: VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT BETWEEN SLAB AND STUCCO.
WALL, OUTSIDE WALLS STRUCTURAL UNSCUND
WITH OUTWARD DISPLACEMENT AT TOP, AND
BIOLOGICAL GROWTH AT TOP OF SLAB.

SPLITENG AT BASE OF W000 COLRAS CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT BASED ON MAY 2000 SITE VISIT
EXPOSED POLYURETHANE COATING E

a Dene AT UNDERSIDE OF H200 OESIGNED: ‘SUB_SHEET NO. TLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
DRAWN EC HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
—SAL__| EXISTING CONDITIONS

[EK] BIOLOGICAL GROWTH AT CEMENT STUCCO WALL FINISH TECH. REVI’ | 4
ome: PARK HEADQUARTERS
20 APRIL} GRAND_CANYON NATIONAL PARK



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report «+ Grand Canyon National Park

Architecuural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 10. This image illustrates the principal elevation of the Visitor Center. The architect, Doty, relied upon
the existing landscape to screen the building so that the structure would be slowly revealed to the traveler and
emerge through the trees as one drove by. The perception of the building by the visitor during the entrance
sequence was carefully considered. Note the entrance sign reads ‘Visitor Center’ only. Photo dated 1958. GCNPA
Photo Number 3392.

APPENDIX D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 17. Parapet deterioration. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Figure 20. Parapet deterioration at roof and extent of urethane repair
failure. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



Grand Canyon National Park

‘April 20, 2007

sary for proper drainage. Past roof repairs using a urethane coating have proven ineffective,
Evidence of failure of the sealant are visible throughout the roofing membrane, along parapets, and
at joints.

* Repair of deteriorated parapet and exterior door canopies.

+ Removal of obsolete equipment from the roof, including defunct solar panels.

+ Installation of an areaway covering to prevent snow build up at the exterior stairs to the basement
level. Currently, 2x wood members span the opening at the first floor level. During the winter
months, a tarp or panel is placed across these wood members to prevent snow build up. Several of
the treatment alternatives appearing later in this document propose a new exterior stair from the sec-
ond floor at this location, which may result in protection from snow build up.

+ Alteration of aluminum lettering on redwood entrance sign to indicate new building name, retaining
existing sign and lettering.

interior Rehabilitation Recommendations

Many of the original finishes and furnishings are visible; as many as possible should remain intact. The
existing lobby still retains its original flagstone paving and stone veneer walls. Several of the treatment
altematives reduce the size of the lobby through new partitions. These partitions and any associated
new finishes should be installed in a manner that is not harmful to the original finishes and could be
removed at a later date if necessary. The lobby fireplace is currently covered by a display case, which
should be removed. It is unclear whether the original projecting concrete hearth remains behind the dis-
play case. If missing, it should be replaced, The fireplace need not be restored to working order, as
GMP policy calls for the elimination of wood burning fireplaces and stoves in the park. However, its
aesthetic appearance is a character-defining feature of the lobby. .

The auditorium and gift shop will be moved to the new information center, and these spaces will be
available for additional office or library space. The furred out wall partitions and raised projection room
floor should be removed. The exposed ceiling structure at the auditorium should be furred down to
match the original height. The “log” columns and suspended ceiling at the gift shop should also be
removed.

In most cases, the office spaces retain their original finishes. The carpet is worn and in need of replace-
ment. The plaster and gypsum board wall finishes show signs of water damage and should be repaired.
Some wal] finishes, such as wall coverings, are outdated and should be replaced. The birch office
wardrobes are in good condition and provide valuable storage space. They are character-defining fea-
tures and should remain in place. The offices in the 1966 addition have acoustical tile ceilings; many of
these tile ceilings show water damage and should be replaced.

34 ‘TREATMENT AND USE



Building Assessment Report

Park Headquarters and Visitor's Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

Vv. SITE PHOTOS

a: Main Entrance

Flack + Kurtz
Ref. No.: $00.02260.00
November 7, 2000

b: Original Boiler

Site Photos



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

“Architecrural Resources Group ‘April 20, 2007

program of planning and construction to upgrade facilities and park resources to coincide with the
Service’s 50th anniversary in 1966.

Associated with a very specific new building design, Mission 66 brought a new identity to park struc-
tures. In addition to new building types and a new brand of park architecture, the principal objective of
the Mission 66 redevelopment campaign was to accommodate far greater numbers of tourists in devel-
oped areas. Mission 66 mandated road widenings and other interventions for visitors traveling by car,
specifically recreational vehicles. The Mission 66 crusade was reactionary, in the literal sense of the
word, a program of expansion that responded to demands for access to the parks. Today, many NPS
managers and park superintendents would argue against endlessly increasing the capacity of parks to
serve larger and larger numbers of people and vehicles.6

Mission 66 Style

The Mission 66 style was an aesthetic departure from.a long-established NPS architectural vocabulary.
Epitomizing changes in post-war American thinking and design values, Mission 66 reflected the tenets
of modem architecture: a faith in modern materials that were promoted as new, light, economical; a
design philosophy that held that mankind was in control of nature; and, minimal emphasis on ornament.
Stylistically, the parallels between Mission 66 and the International Style are obvious. The primary
characteristics of 1930’s Intemational Style, are an emphasis on volume, regular organization of plan,
the absence of applied ornament, and the use of characteristic materials, especially glass. Traditional.
methods of craftsmanship were replaced by more efficient means of machine production.

Mission 66 architecture also melded well with themes central to NPS Southwestem design. Broad, sim-
ple surfaces, a sense of the horizontal and setbacks are common to both. The horizontal planes of the
Southwestem rustic, flat roofs and low silhouettes, correlate to the lines of Mission 66 design. In the
1938, three-volume edition of Park & Recreation Structures, Albert H. Good, an architectural consultant
to the National Park Service stated:

If the so-called modern, or International style of architecture, is to gain in popular
appeal so that it is universally adopted... there is probably in the United Sates no
traditional architecture so kindred and complimentary to it as the early architecture
of the Southwest.”

Nearly twenty years before the Mission 66 building program was realized, Good saw the fluidity
between these two seemingly disparate styles and recognized the potential of modernism. Doty’s Santa
Fe Regional Headquarters and the Grand Canyon Park Headquarters exhibit interesting parallels. (See
Section “Architect Cecil J. Doty” for further discussion.)

8 Historica BACKGROUND:



In the event that you don't have an interior drawing of the room currently
used as library, I did a rather hasty one from memory, but didn't have time
to try to depict the “elevation” in the interior where the large room with
high ceiling gives way to the hall into the lower-ceilinged small rooms.
Before we moved in I had to do measured drawings of all the rooms ain order
to figure out how to get in the greatest number of shelving units and other
furnishings, and decide on the best (most logical) way to group the books,
put I couldn't find a copy of that one in any of my accessible files.

I found ali the report interesting, although I had a little difficulty
identifying areas in the second floor when they were described by room
nunber--to us they were “Word Processing Room" or "Superintendent's Office"
and so on. The difference in level on that floor also puzzled me--trying
to figure out where it was that a ramp was being proposed. Vere there

a couple steps in the hall that extends from front to back, just short

of the turn?)  Cyeudont have Fo auswes RG 5

About the elevator location: An exterior photo I have looks as if there
are two chimneys. One is the lobby fireplace, and it backs up tke to the
wall of the old library (it used to get pretty warm when we built fires).
The other is from the furnace in the basement and is farther north.

I Liked a lot of the suggested uses, and the attempts to return to the
"historic" appearance of the building. I just wonder if the large expanses
of windowless walls on east and south will result in claustrophobic work
areas if these become offices. I was awfully grateful for the one window
4n the otherwise blank walls of the library I moved into in '79.

Regarding moving the library back to its original spot. I do realize that
a lot of space has been gained recently by acquiring the sort of shelving
that moves on tracks to make aisles only where needed, and I don't know to
what extent older holdings may have been microfilmed and disposed of, but
I also know they've added a lot of books since 1985. The references to
“visitor” access also made me wonder--does this mean park visitors? I do
know that security had relaxed a great deal after I left (it used to be
locked to all but employees). The last time I visited, not only was the
door unlocked--there was no one in attendance. I hope (that if greater
accessibility is provided, there also needs to be greater security. The
library contains a lot of material that is tempting to collectors, as I
learned through sad experience.

It's time to get this on its way. TI hope it reaches you vefore your

deadline. I enjoyed trying to help.
SD inearely
. (

x

mma ma mae ee oem Ue


Flack + Kurtz Inc.

Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

BUILDING ASSESSMENT
REPORT
prenitectural Resources Group

Pier 9, The Embarcadero
San Francisco, CA 94111

Prepared by

Flack+Kurtz Consulting
Engineers, LLP

343 Sansome Street

San Francisco, California 94104

November 7, 2806



Building Assessment Report

Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

c. SANITARY AND STORM SYSTEM

1.

Existing Conditions

The sanitary and vent system is collected within the building and
leaves the NE comer via a 4 inch sanitary sewer line. The vent
lines terminate at the roof level.

The building plumbing fixtures are old but are functioning. Their
status as historical fixtures has not been identified however should
they be labeled historical they could be refurbished.

The storm drainage system collects the roof drains and leaves the
building via an 8 inch storm drain line in the SW comer.

Recommendations

The sanitary system is believed to be in good condition. ADA
requirements should be reviewed as to whether they meet the
current standards.

D. GAS AND FUEL OIL SYSTEM

1.

Flack + Kurtz

Existing Conditions

There is a gas propane system on site that serves the emergency
generator located outside the main building in the SE comer. A
diesel fuel storage tank is located underground outside the building
at the NE corner. The diesel fuel serves the mechanical system
boilers.

Recommendations

No deficiencies were expressed in the operation of the emergency
generator system. The propane tank should be checked for leaks
and general functional integrity. The fuel oil tank should also be
checked for leaks to verify integrity.

Plumbing

Ref. No.: $00.02260.00

November 7, 2000

TH-5



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters -° Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2002 Architectural Resources Group

IX. Endnotes

1 Director’s Order 28.

2 Information on the native inhabitants of the Canyon is summarized from Grand Canyon
National Park’s 1997 Resource Management Plan.

3 Information on Spanish exploration of the Canyon is summarized from Michae] F. Anderson’s
Living at the Edge.

4 Tweed, Wm. C., Soulliere, Laura E., and Law, Henry G., National Park Service Rustic
Architecture: 1916-1942, NPS Western Regional Office, 1977. p. 23

5 National Register of Historic Places Draft Nomination Form: Grand Canyon Public Use
Building. Sec. 8. p. 2

6 Carr, Ethan. p. 187
7 Good, Albert H. Park and Recreation Structures.

8 Ibid.
9 Allaback, Draft Manuscript for Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type,
p. 11

10 Allaback. Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type. p. 17
11 Wirth, C. Memo: Visitor Centers; Park Roads. February 10, 1956.
12 Allaback. Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type. p. 18

13 Allaback, Draft Manuscript for Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type,
p. 22.

14 Allaback. Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type. p. 269
15 Allaback. Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type. p. 21
16 Ibid.

17 Ibid.

18 Project Construction Proposal for Yavapai Interpretive Facility, document undated (but
likely to be circa 1966).

19 Ibid.

20 Allaback, Draft Manuscript for Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type,
p. 194

21 Allaback, Mission 66 Visitor Centers, The History of a Building Type. p. 267
22 Ibid.

ENDNOTES

51



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters «+ Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

the economical, from the grand El Tovar Hotel (1905) to the Bright Angel tent cabins (no longer extant).
The lodgings spawned other tourist-related businesses and structures, such as the Hopi House (1905),
Verkamp’s Canyon Souvenir Shop (1905), Mule Bams (1907), Rail Station building (1907), and the
Lookout Studio (1914), creating a bustling arrival point for visitors.

The National Park Service and its Architecture

The rustic character of the first South Rim buildings was influential upon the architectural philosophy
developed by the National Park Service. From its inception in 1916, the Park Service sought to define
an appropriate architecture for buildings constructed within parks, some of the most scenic locations in
the United States. The first directive issued by the new agency stressed that “particular attention must
be devoted always to the harmonizing of these improvements with the landscape.” 4 That mandate held
throughout the Mission 66 era but its manifestation was quite distinct from early NPS ideals. When the
Grand Canyon officially became a National Park in 1919, the National Park Service Landscape
Engineering Department teamed up with the Santa Fe Railroad and the Fred Harvey Company to plan
development in the park. Concessionaires like the Fred Harvey Company had created structures in a
variety of architectural styles, from buildings inspired by native construction techniques to those that
evoked the imposing European chalet tradition. The first National Park Service architects and landscap-
ers, by contrast, pursued an architectural style that provided greater harmony with the natural surround-
ing and employed a generally smaller scale. It became known as Rustic Park Architecture, the NPS
Style.

In order to understand the significance of Mission 66 architecture found in the National Park system, a
classification of the architectural development within the NPS will place this evolution into context. An
overview of the architectural influences and styles found in the nation’s parks can be categorized into
primarily six periods of development in the history of the NPS: Railroad Development (1901-1920),
NPS Planning (1919-1933), Civilian Conservation Corps (1933-1941), WWIL and Post-WWII (1940-
1952), Mission 66 (1951-1970), and Rustic Revival (1970-present).5

Post War Tourist Industry Inspires Change

Throughout the twentieth century tourism flourished in the national parks, and at the Grand Canyon in
particular. After World War II, Americans increasingly took to the highways to explore the nation’s
points of interest. Post-war isolationism resulted in Americans spending vacations in the United States,
rather than traveling abroad. The automobile brought record numbers of visitors to the park and created
a demand for larger, more modern resort facilities geared to the motorists’ needs. With increased park
usage and popularity, a rehabilitated infrastructure became necessary. Conrad L. Wirth, a landscape
architect and planner who had Jed the Park Service's (Civilian Conservation Corps) CCC program,
became director of the Park Service in December 1951. Facing a system with a deteriorating infrastruc-
ture overwhelmed by the postwar travel boom, Wirth responded with Mission 66, a ten-year financial’

Historica. BACKGROUND 7


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

Alternative C: Maximum Space via Second Floor Addition and Enclosed Circulation at Patio

Alternative C proposes:

expand first floor usable space into patio to serve as a circulation spine;

relocate the library to either the original location of the study collection at the rear of the building or
to the space adjacent to reception;

provide additional office space by extending existing second floor offices at north side of building;
add exterior exit stair to parking lot;

reorganize lobby space and function to form contact point/reception area with employee information
and notice area and single desk for various departments; reception space will be partially reduced to
give more space to office use;

testore entrance lobby fireplace;

add ramping to second floor interior hallway;

maintain existing location of communications center;

install two-stop elevator in space directly behind chimney flue; install ramp for additional access to
second floor;

reconfigure two second floor rest rooms to be accessible;

improve access to existing non-original attic storage at southwest corner;

extend existing non-original attic storage toward front of building;

restore south elevation to original condition; close non-original door and window openings; retain
original door to crawl space; and,

modify entry at covered walk for greater accessibility.

Alternative C achieves the following:

maximum increase in usable office space;

improved circulation path through partially glazed-in patio;

retains interior volumes;

moves elevator closer to more logical location, nearer entrance lobby;

keeps communication center in existing location, eliminating the need for a costly relocation;
increases office space at northeast comer of building through expansion into former lobby space;
improves office space functionality and flexibility by the layout of continuous flow of space and a
dedicated circulation spine;

provides centralized and logical reception at main entrance;

new windows to south and east walls of the courtyard interior provide additional light to interior
spaces given over to new offices;

visual impact of addition minimized at principal elevation as elevator shaft is located behind chim-
ney flue and at north elevation as office extension follows the lines of the 1966 addition;

TREATMENT AND Use = 43


Grand Ganyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200

Figure 16. Typical office. ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

ApPenoix E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

IV. . CHRoNnoLoGY oF DEVELOPMENT AND UsE

This section summarizes the physical construction, modification, and use of the Grand Canyon Visitor
Center and Park Headquarters and includes information on major maintenance and rehabilitation cam-
paigns. The information presented is based on historical documentation; however Grand Canyon
National Park Archives retain a very limited number of maintenance records for this building. The
building has been subject to maintenance work that has not been documented. Changes to the building
for which chronological documentation is not available are noted and explained at the end of the
chronology.

Chronology of Use

The use of the building has always been intended to provide interaction with the public. The building’s
design in 1954 preceded the launch of the Mission 66 program. Then its name implied its purpose: a
public use building. The building’s function (and the goal of Mission 66) was clarified between the time
of its design and its dedication. In 1957, the building was inaugurated as a Mission 66 Visitor Center.
Alterations were made in 1966, when the building became known as the Visitor Center and Park
Headquarters. (See Appendix E, Figure 1) The alteration marked a shift in the use of the building,
emphasizing greater office use while still providing visitor services. The park’s new facility, the Canyon
View Information Plaza (CVIP), has fully taken over the Visitor Center’s role as the most comprehen-
sive visitor assistance facility in the Grand Canyon. CVIP was officially dedicated on October 26, 2000.
The Grand Canyon Visitor Center is in the process of conversion to strictly administrative use and is
unavailable to the public as a visitor center.

Chronology of Development / Alterations

1954 Preliminary drawings by Cecil Doty.

1955 Final designs approved by Director Wirth and Thomas C. Vint, Chief of Design and
Construction.

1956 Construction begins.

1957 Construction complete; dedication ceremony June 29, 1957.

1966 “Administration Addition to Visitor Center”
second story addition
new canopied entrance at north elevation

1971 Study for Communications Center Headquarters to be located in Visitor Center and Park

Headquarters building, including reconfiguration of space at the south wing to accom-
modate new conference room.
1995, Proposal to construct in-fill office space in the interior courtyard, unbuilt.

Curonotocy 21


Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2007 Architectural Resources Group

change in social and political climate. 20
Doty moved easily between the two styles, from the horizontal planes of the Southwestern rustic to the
flat roofs and low silhouettes of the modem visitor center.

The characteristics of a Doty design are outlined by Sarah Allaback, as sharing the following attributes: ©

+ Sensitivity towards location:
Although locations may have been chosen by Park Service planners, Doty attempted
to establish a relationship between the building and the landscape. In some cases he
emphasized circulation through the building to an exterior view; other structures were
designed around glassed-in observation decks. In the case of the Grand Canyon facility,
the location of which did not afford a view to the canyon, he brought the landscape into
the building by planting the interior courtyard with an indigenous garden.

* Compact plan incorporating standard visitor center elements:
Every Doty plan incorporated basic visitor center elements, including exhibit areas,
audio-visual rooms, auditoriums, restrooms and lobbies.

* Use of modem materials combined with wood and stone as well as the impression of modesty that
comes from a limited budget:
Financial circumstances dictated aspects of the program throughout the design process,
restricting square footage, choice of exterior and interior surfaces, and the extent of exhibit
facilities, among other features. In most of his designs, Doty masked the inexpensive
nature of his buildings with aesthetic choices, such as the use of finer materials around
the entrance area.

Historical Backerounn 15



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters - Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Aschitectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

Project Team

Client

National Park Service
Denver Service Center
P.O, Box 25287
Denver, Colorado 25287
Paul C. Cloyd, Architect, Engineer

Grand Canyon National Park

P.O. Box 129

Grand Canyon, Arizona 86023
Harold Gibbs, Program Manager
E. Joanne Wilkins, Park Architect

i

Consultants

Architectural Resources Group, principal preparers

Pier 9, The Embarcadero

San Francisco, California 94111
Stephen J. Farneth, FAIA, Project Principal
Bruce D. Judd, FAIA, Associate Project Principal
Bridget Maley, Project Manager, Historian
Sara Lardinois, Architectural Designer
Katherine T. Petrin, Conservator and Historian
Rebecca Anicich, Editing and Production

Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing

Flack + Kurtz Consulting Engineers

343 Sansome Street

San Francisco, California 94104
Allan J. Montpellier, P.E.

Structural

SOHA Engineers

550 Keamey Street, Suite 2000

San Francisco, California 94108
Karin N. Kuffet

Acknowledgments
Sara T. Stebbins, Research Librarian, Grand Canyon National Park
Mike Quinn, Museum Collection, Grand Canyon National Park
Colleen Hyde, Museum Collection, Grand Canyon National Park
Louise M. Hinchliffe, former Secretary, Naturalist Division and Curator Librarian

NPS Indefinite Quantities Contract Number: /
1443CX200098016 ?
Task Order: 29 t
4 Executive SUMMARY



, Address South Entrance Road

ATC-21/ _ (NEHRP Map Aroas 4.2 Low) End Conger, Shim AE. Dip BeOS
Rapid Visual Screening of Seismically Hazardous Bukings Other Mentifiers fis 250%50" courlyand in center. bldg
wl No. Stories __2 Your But _/957
inspector ark tWasinger Date _8-/7~98
Total Foor Aron (aq. ft) AUG? Welal, [6707 1, 1162 and
Buking Name_Admiristration Bldg 8/05 /visitors Cenler- #105
Use Adminjstratita Bldg g Visthrs Cealer-

i ES a ? nS as
, 5
} Scale: ;
: OCCUPANCY STRUCTURAL SCORES AND MODIFIERS. a
idential ” Per BULDING TYPE WS) S283 CR CRE PCT PCR RM OLN
4 fest rectal No. Persons oA 0 ROSH NAF) _ Sw) LRM)
. 0-10 Basic Score 8.5 3.6 2.5 6.8 4.5 4.0 40 3.03.5 2.5 4.0 2.5
. < 11-100 |} Hoh Riso we 0A OS 0.5 -0.5 0.5 wa -1.0 ~1.5 0.5
ndustial Poor Condition 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5
} Pub. Assom Vert. iregdasty 0.5 -0.5 0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 GO.6'-1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 |
choo Soft Story -1.0 -2.0 -2.0 -1.0 -2.0 -2.0 -2.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -2.0 -1.0
: Torsion 1.0 -2.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0
Plan treguarty “110 0.5 0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.5 €O.8)-0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0
Emer. Serv. Poundog Wa 0.5 0.5 MA 08 0.5 WA 0.5 WA NA
4 Historic Bidg. Large Heavy Cisddng WA -2.0 NA WA WA -1.0 WA 61.0 WA
. i WA WA WA WA ~1.0 -1.0
Non Stuctral a
Faling Hazard
q DATA CONFIDENCE .
a to Estinated Subject .
or Urrelebie Data
1 _ DNK = Do Not Know
4 COMMENTS 4 Detaited
F AN 7 his Evaluation
j 2. Required?
S
_ : x5 GO}

— vend



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters ° Historic Structure Report = * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group Apxil 20, 200

Figure 6. Stone bench and fountain at front entrance. ARG
Photo, dated May, 2000. ,

APPENDIX E

ae Eee ee



INFILL FLOOR AREAS AT (E) EXPANDED ATTIC STORAGE SPACE
ATTIC STORAGE AREA — /

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

|. AT UNPROGRAMED OPEN OFFICE SPACES, CIRCULATION SHALL

— = — = Se
i r im a
H i
i OnFAcE | eas i ES OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE
yt Bo3
| oul ooreteraiea nH 292 $0. FT. q EA <8 $0. FT|] 153 SQ. FT. 247 50. FT.
| LOCATE ABOVE CORRIDOR } if \ $ r wu _
! MODIFY (E) RESTROOMS \_j : i
ote FOR ACCESSIBILITY ow cm
— 13 5 u
' ow ea. FT, | Ae) i
I ; j OFFICE OFFICE i
ful. o — Hla Sa. ET. 138 Sa. FT. |
i NEW RAMP - I:12 SLOPE 7] I —_— !
' i : — fi
~ NoT TLEVATOR a
1
‘ EXISTING OFFICE SPACE accessipe
i j nl Z INDIVIDUAL OFFICE 257 SQ.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS
‘ i | SPACES
| ‘ i | | SHARED OFFICE 241 SQ. FT. 2 OCCUPANTS
| i 228 6@. FT. LK NY SPACE
' i Lo i ee ee A ) TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 5046Q.FT. 4 OCCUPANTS
i 4 ) La
, 1 i . i i ELEVATOR
i 6 fEGe SOR, HT oFrice EXISTING OFFICE SPACE accessiste
i '
| asd 60. FT i i 6 SOFT IINDIVIDUAL OFFICE 1923 SQ.FT. OCCUPANTS.
' {i 4 i SPACES
1 \ So if 2 SHARED OFFICE 842 SQ. FT. 1 OCCUPANTS,
| | \ | wi
! HI Hl TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 2165 SQ.FT. 16 OCCUPANTS.
i } Q
H : i 461 SQ, FT.
i | . FT.
: ! “ i NEW OFFICE SPACE AT ADDITION
t 2 SHARED OFFICE 1012 SQ, FT, & OCCUPANTS
! SPACES
BUILDING TOTALS occuPiante SPACE
i IST FLOOR - OFFICE = 10527 SQ.FT. 81 OCCUPANTS
! IST FLOOR - OTHER 2104 SQ.FT. 14 OCCUPANTS
i| (STACK SPACE,
iL COMMUNICATIONS,
— RECEPTION
4 I: NEW EXTERIOR ——~ “a ")
iF | EXIT STAIR : 2ND FLOOR - OFFICE 4341 SQ.FT. 30 OCCUPANTS
i i TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 16912 SQ. FT. 125 OCCUPANTS
i Hf BUILDING SPACE

TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE “C“

MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR FLAN CTY

* cp

OCCUR THROUGH THE GLAZED INFILL AREA AT PATIO. THE ENTIRE DESIGNED: | SUB_SHEET_NO- THLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
SPACE WILL BE ALOTTED TO OFFICE OCCUPANCY, WITHOUT THE 20% same) ALT HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
IRCULATION "
CIRCULATION DEDUCTION. SAL EXISTING CONDITIONS
2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES SHALL BE CALCULATED AT 125 SQ. FT. TECH, REVIEW: C
PER OCCUPANT, PER GSA RECOMMENDATIONS. ome PARK HEADQUARTERS
— — 20 APRIL Ot GRAND_CANYON NATIONAL PARK [=



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report .

Vi. Conpittons ASSESSMENT

Typical Materials

The modemist aesthetic of Mission 66 design relied on new materials and new uses for old materials.
Principal building materials of the Grand Canyon Park Headquarters are a poured-in-place concrete
foundation, concrete block masonry with a stucco finish, expanses of glass at the front entrance, alu-
minum awning-type windows, tapered wood columns, and stone veneer. In all his buildings, Doty min-
giled traditional materials, like wood and stone, with steel, concrete and glass. Mission 66 building tech-
nology and the clean, straight lines of the modern idiom required horizontals: flat roofs, canopies and
parapets, inherently problematic for water run-off. The maintenance of Mission 66 buildings presented
the NPS with an entirely new set of issues, unlike those related to classic NPS rustic architecture.

Exterior Conservation Issues - Typical Patterns of Deterioration
Exterior conditions and conservation problems are generally repeated at each elevation and throughout
the building. The typical patterns of deterioration and conservation problems include:

Masonry

* cement stucco deterioration of the parapet, chimney and flue related to water infiltration and leading
to concrete failure (See Appendix E, Figure 17) ;

+ — failure of the concrete ramp addition and limited concrete failure at retaining walls;

* deterioration of exterior flagstone paving stones;

* loss of mortar (See Appendix E, Figure 18);

Cement Stucco

* patterns of stucco cracks ranging from hairline fractures, to vertical cracking, and cracking associat-
ed with the concrete block masonry;

* — failure of the thinly-applied stucco coat, an integral-color yellowish-pink stucco, resulting in visible
CMU below (See Appendix E, Figure 19) ;

* » peeling coat of tan paint over cement stucco;

* stucco deterioration due rising damp;

Windows
* windows failures, inoperable cranks, deteriorated putty, leakage;

Conomions Assessment 27



istoric Structure Report

* Grand Canyon National Park

Appendix H. Consultant Reports.

April 20, 2001



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters) + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2002 Architectural Resources Group

for the building include a spacious lobby, central information desk, and separation of administrative
offices. In one scheme, the interior exhibit spaces wrap around the central open courtyard, an element

.. favored by Doty and prominently featured in his Regional Headquarters Building in Santa Fe twenty

years earlier, In another, the lobby space is adjacent to a museum wing. An alternative plan, known as
“Plan B” omitted many of the interior partitions, foreseeing the “open plan” of the future. Despite varia-
tions in plan, the front facade of the various proposals remained remarkably similar. The entrance was ©
mostly glass using decorative brick to frame the openings. The exhibit wing to the left and the right
wing called for cement stucco. The building was envisioned to follow long and low lines, with little to
attract attention except the flagpole and sign.!5

© By 1955 the courtyard scheme had been chosen. Organized around a central open courtyard, the build-

ing uses contemporary materials, glass, stucco, steel and concrete and a new building technology to
achieve a modem expression in straight clean lines, typical of Mission 66 buildings. (See Appendix D,
Figures 1-10) Aluminum framed awning-type windows and a flat-roofed canopy over the entrance con-
tribute to the contemporary design. The courtyard plan allowed for flexible circulation and outdoor
exhibit space. (See Appendix D, Figure 11) Visitors entered a spacious lobby with a fireplace and an
information desk on their right, directly in front of the rangers and superintendents’ offices. (See
Appendix D, Figure 12) The library and restrooms were straight ahead, and the exhibit space, lecture
room, study collection/workshop, and offices arranged in clockwise procession around the courtyard.
The expanded role of research in the Mission 66 program is emphasized by a series of three “study col-
lection” rooms, an associated workshop, library, storage for the reference print and slide files.

The interior was defined by big volumes and a calculated circulation through internal spaces was inte-
gral to the design. Rooms were spacious, well-lit, and functional, a later component common to most
visitor centers. The sparsely fumished lobby included a fireplace as the central decorative element.
Steel frame construction and a concrete shell allowed the lobby to expand into.an open area unobscured

‘ by load-bearing walls.

The building borrows the Santa Fe office floor plan, but incorporates modem facilities, such as an audi-
torium, into a more free-flowing version of the traditional courtyard layout. Efforts to moderate the
starkness of the building’s exterior mark this as a transitional building; exterior stone walls and flagstone
are brought inside the lobby space; the exterior features large masonry columns; the courtyard is lined
with a covered walkway supported by columns tapered on the side and includes native plantings.

Doty made an effort to temper the modernist style, resulting in a more transitional, hybrid building.
Evidence of Doty’s attempt to mediate two architectural philosophies is most clearly seen at the princi-
pal elevation of the building. (See Appendix D, Figure 13) In contrast to the International Style, there
is a gesture toward omamentation, though minimal, and the design incorporates subtle references to nat-

Historica. Backerounn 11



» Aah Depsic a q

Changes in use of rooms after 1957, and before I left in 1985

Auditorium, partitioned into 5 rooms as research lab, possibly about 1970.
Lab moved out; library moved in during June 1979.

Study Coll. Room ~ No structural or usage changes that I recall.

Workshop ~ Reduced in size during the 1966 addition; gradually taken over
as office & storage for Cooperating Assn.

Library - Served this purpose until we “outgrew” it in 1979; was later
partitioned for office space.

eee anther Pt Ns She

~Alve 10) Stupy WortsHep
TPORIOM Corre)? TNS

Conference nt 4 se

Ree ¢

Le Pan Tif 7 e
ae  Mialcd

[KR PATIO Library Men |

Exhibit Room: Used as shown for several years 3 first reduction was to
house Conference Room and Ranger "Dispatch" office. Hore recently, a
large section became an auditorium. . (I believe the Coop'g Assn. book
sales area expanded into the end nearest the lobby, post-1985.

Other changes only involve shifting around of who used the rooms.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters «+ Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

auditorium; these uses did not require natural light. The walls bordering the courtyard lack
openings and do not admit sufficient light for the new office uses.
- Circulation
The original circulation pattern was relatively clear, with traffic moving around the courtyard
spaces. Various interior modification have encroached on the circulation routes, making them
confusing. Interior vestibules also contribute to the problem.
- Accessibility
Access to the second story is currently via stair only. Second floor restrooms are inaccessible.
- Security
The Grand Canyon Park Headquarters houses the park’s security-sensitive communications
center and would benefit from more space and a dedicated entrance.

Recommendations Regarding Programmatic Improvements
- Recommendations for Modifying Former Public Use Spaces for Office Uses
Reorganize interior space to maximize occupancy and improve office space functionality,
A portion of the lobby could be converted to office use, however the effects on this significant
space must be considered.
- Recommendations regarding Inadequate Light to Interior
Install windows in the blank courtyard wall, with consideration given to structural integrity. The
impact on the significant courtyard must also be considered. Skylights are another option.
- Recommendations regarding Circulation
Improve circulation pattern. Establish a circulation pattern more consistent with the original
design intent. Remove areas that have been built out into former corridors. Remove vestibules.
- Recommendations regarding Accessibility
Provide access to the second story via elevator. Reconfigure second floor restrooms for
accessiblity.
- Recommendations regarding Security
Provide dedicated entrance to the communications center.

Exterior Rehabilitation Recommendations

General rehabilitation of the structure should be carried out regardless of which treatment alternative is
ultimately implemented. Exterior rehabilitation should be undertaken to restore all of the damaged exte-
rior surfaces that contribute to and define the building’s historic character. Exterior elements that detract
from the historic character should be removed and replaced with features more in keeping with the origi-
nal design, as evidenced by historic drawings and photographs. The most significant character detract-
ing elements are the exterior exit doors from the auditorium and the deteriorating ramp at the southeast

32 TREATMENT AND USE

i


~MODIFIED ATTIC STORAGE SPACE

Ofsige

2415 FT.

WY 1

ra an

UNM
oreice | orpice
lia $a. FT. (98 $0. FT

EXISTING OFFICE SPACE fecessine

2 INDIVIDUAL OFFICE = 257 SQ FT 2 OCCUPANTS
SPACES

(SHARED OFFICE 247SQ.FT, 2 OCCUPANTS.
SPACE

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE = S04SQ.FT © 4 OCCUPANTS

> EXISTING OFFICE SPACE nccssonie

OPEN TO

a
=

a
= 7

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

signee PATIO.
[=]
WIROVIDUAL OFFICE 1423 SG.FT. tI OCCUPANTS
SPACES
ZSHARED OFFICE = BAZ SQFT, © TOCCUPANTS
Lo SPACE
a TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 2165 SQ FT 1 OCCUPANTS

NEW OFFICE SPACE AT ADDITION
2 SHARED OFFICE 1012 6@.FT. 8 OCCUPANTS
SPACES

NEW EXTERIOR
EXIT STAIR

BUILDING TOTALS occuiasie SPACE

1ST FLOOR ~ OFFICE OBI SQ.FT. 68 OCEUPANTS
IST FLOOR - OTHER 2626 SQ.FT. 16 OCCUPANTS
(STACK SPACE,

COMMIICATIONS,

RECEPTION)

2ND FLOOR - OFFICE. 4341 SQ FT 30 OCCUPANTS.

TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 155718 $Q. FT 114 OCCUPANTS.
BUILDING SPACE

TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE “B*

MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN € .)

— es j
‘ons | eer eel
1. ATUNPROGRAMED OPEN OFFICE SPACES, i
20% OF THE TOTAL AREA SHALL BE | passe DesicneD (Sue SET HO HUE OF SHEET DRAG BO
ALLOTTED FOR CRRCULATION / SERVICE. : 7 am] ALT VALUE ANALYSIS =
2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES SHALL BE Lo ES TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES |r] seer
CALCULATED AT (25 SQ. FT. PER OCCUPANT, TECH. REVEW B -{E)
PER G5A RECOMMENDATIONS one PARK HEADQUARTERS = [=|
23. Jay, ot GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK. => =|



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters.» Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group : Api 20, 2002

Figure 22. This image illustrates the exhibits. The view is looking toward the entrance lobby. Photo
dated 1966. GCNPA Photo Number 5024.

ApPeNDIx D



em an

pos ne aria A :
ra :

‘eS

Ww

EN

s

uel

3

3

Py

d

Fi

a “bo

ae aa ee 5 |
fo:

ee Dod

$3. = . ca

#7] = ~ * gl

} oH o eo 4 an

wt ry ° o |

z. 4 i x |

= ‘ e - 2

nN . ok 3

ow oc - an

53 ris eee Rf

it 3)

uv cal

Ly @ |

” ES

j———f ~~ r g!

for g- Bi

i 3 3

é x a

é “ &



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon Nationa) Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 15. Photo of the Interpretive Staff of the Grand Canyon Visitor Center, dated December 1963. Photo courtesy
of Louise M. Hinchliffe. .

Appenoix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200

ural features: the multi-color stone veneer exhibits the rough texture and colors of local stone; the exag-
gerated pier at the entrance has a rusticated cap; native plantings fill the interior courtyard; and redwood
is used for the entrance sign and tapered columns. The horizontals that characterize the building are
extended out to form low planters that merge with benches and fountains, all in an attempt to mediate
the line between building and landscape, straying from the tenets of modemism. The building was clear-
ly experimental and defined the emerging model NPS visitor center; it was named a visitor center upon
completion of construction.

Completed in 1957, the Public Use Building was an immediate source of pride for the Park Service,
which praised this “visitor center” as “a one-stop service unit.” An information desk complete with uni-
formed ranger, lobby exhibits, an illustrated talk, and a park museum “where a great variety of exhibits,
arranged in orderly and effective fashion” were among the many conveniences for the visitor. (See
Appendix D, Figure 14) The presence of the park superintendent and naturalist was also considered
remarkable, as were the study collection, workshop, and library. (See Appendix D, Figure 15)
According to the Park Service, the new building provided much-needed efficiency and economy.!6

In what would come to be typical of the building type, the Grand Canyon Visitor Center provided essen-
tial visitor services in an efficient manner, encouraged a specific circulation route around the building
culminating in an expansive view of the landscape, kept the administrative spaces hidden from the pub-
lic view, had a more articulated front facade and three elevations of lesser importance, obscured by
native vegetation.

Landscaping

Doty followed the NPS tradition of deferring to the landscape by trying to create a building that was
‘plain’ but did not neglect aspects of landscaping. Rather he integrated the indoor and outdoor space.
especially at the front facade. Although the absence of ornamentation is typical of modern architecture,
Doty incorporated decorative brick work, aud a rusticated treatment of the top of one of the piers, an
indication that this building was somewhat experimental a transition building, from the rustic architec-
ture of the NPS to a more modem architectural style. Beyond the building itself, the design encom-
passed everything around the building: the walks, expansive parking areas; the flagstone-paved forecourt
with its integrated benches and fountains.

Siting

As stated above, the Park Service’s main goal during the Mission 66 period was to improve interpreta-
tion and stimulate public interest in the park. Some historians favored siting interpretive buildings in the
middle of the natural resource for the benefit of the visitors’ understanding. In a January 1960 report on

12 Historical BACKGROUND



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon Nationa! Park |

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 21. This image illustrates the north elevation. Photo dated 1966. GCNPA Photo Number 4832.

Appennix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2005

Figure 26. Image shows the lobby fireplace before the ledge was removed. Note floor finishes. Photo
dated 1990s. Courtesy of Denver Service Center.

Appennix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 14. Typical blonde wood cabinetry found in some offices. ARG
Photo, dated May, 2000.

Appenoix E



ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

DEMOLISH ATTIC STORAGE SPACE TO
RESTORE CEILING HEIGHT —J

OPER TO
PATIO

a = =f = ia ee = SS
es { es | ope OFFICE ie ms | ae q moe
[22 SG. FT. Re ea Fr, ee Ls Sa et,|| 93 20° FT, = Va 24750.
STEP LN eat rE —
RELOCATED RESTROOMS 4 a C
Fi ACCESSIBLE How
ih i f + __t
| OFRE L| i \F |
1 OFFICE OFFICE
169 60. FT, a a fe fas |
1 Re a = aannaa 7) | SQ. FT. 110 SQ. FT. M4 SQ. FT.) 138 SQ. FT. \
i WX _ lsoAt|] _
i i il OFFICE —— = < — —
| _ i
q ‘ 209 SQ. FT. |
f
| —
' ; i NOT ELEVATOR
| \ EXISTING OFFICE SPACE Metso
I i OFFICE J
| | PRICE iy i 2INDIVIDVAL OFFICE 257 SQ.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS
\ i i, 228 SQ. FT. ~ fees} NX f j
: 7 | 245 $Q. FT. i
' (Illy eee ON | SHARED OFFICE 2415Q.FT. 2 OCCUPANTS

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 504 SQ. FT. 4 OCCUPANTS

7

ange ! we
ne Sart. en WV olf LW)

|
| SPACES
|
|

—— EXISTING OFFICE SPACE hecteomie

HINDIVIDUAL OFFICE 1923 SQ. FT. 13 OCCUPANTS:
SPACES.

3 SHARED OFFICE 160 SQ. FT. 6 OCCUPANTS
SPACE

TOTAL OFFICE SPACE 2683 SQ.FT. 19% OCCUPANTS

BUILDING TOTALS occuriaBLe sPAcE

IST FLOOR - OFFICE B12 SQ.FT. 67 OCCUPANTS
1ST FLOOR - OTHER 3016 SQ.FT. 1 OCCUPANTS
(STACK SPACE,
COMMUNICATIONS,

|] RECEPTION)

2ND FLOOR - OFFICE 3167 SQ. FT. 23 OCCUPANTS

TOTAL OCCUPIABLE 14, F15 SQ, FT. 107 OCCUPANTS
BUILDING SPACE

TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE "A"
MEZZANINE / SECOND FLOOR PLAN (T)

6 9 6 a .
SCALE OF FEET
1. ATUNPROGRAMED OPEN OFFICE SPACES,
20% OF THE TOTAL AREA SHALL BE DESIGNED: SUB SHEET NO. THLE OF SHEET
ALLOTTED FOR CIRCULATION / SERVICE. cane ALT | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
2. OPEN AND SHARED SPACES SHALL BE SaL__] EXISTING CONDITIONS
CALCULATED AT 125 SQ. FT. PER OCCUPANT, TECH. REVIEW:
PER GSA RECOMMENDATIONS. cae PARK HEADQUARTERS
20 APRIL Ot GRAND _CANYON NATIONAL PARK



‘k Headquarters * Code Analysis © Grand Canyon National Park
Architectural Resources Group

Preliminary Code Analysis and Accessibility Evaluation

The following codes have been referenced for this analysis: the 1997 edition of the Uniform
Building Code; the 1997 Uniform Mechanical Code; the 1996 Uniform Electrical Code; the 1994
Uniform Plumbing Code; and the 1997 Uniform Fire Code.

Although not a building code, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal civil rights
law that governs accessibility to buildings for the disabled. National Park Service (NPS)
Director’s Order #28 (release 5, 1997) requires all historic structures to be made accessible to the
highest degree for visitors and employees. Because the intent of the ADA is not necessarily
addressed in the building code, a review of a project pursuant to ADA requirements is included
in the following preliminary code analyses. The following standards have been referenced for
this analysis: ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG), amended
January 1998, and the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS). Where there is a
discrepancy between ADAAG and UFAS, the NPS is required to follow the guidelines that
provide equal or greater accessibility.

As indicated above, the following code analysis is preliminary. To facilitate future design work,
this code analysis attempts to cite all major ways in which the building does not comply with
prevailing codes. If the UBC suggests that a condition may remain subject to verification with
the building official, the non-compliant condition is typically noted and qualified.

This analysis is based on the footprint of the existing building, similar to Treatment Alternative
A; rather than Alternatives B and C, which propose additions to the existing building. As a
program for the park headquarters has not yet been established, certain assumptions will be made
concerning the allocation of space. The spaces at the north and west sides of the first floor and
the entire second floor shall remain in their existing configuration and use as office space. The
spaces at the east and south sides of the first floor shall be reconfigured in some manner for
office use. Following the example of double loaded corridors at the north side, 20% of the
square footage shall be allotted to circulation.

An outline of major code issues follows:

1) Occupancy Classification: Chapter 10 of the UBC establishes the available number of
occupants in the building, (a ratio referred to as occupant load) and Chapter 3 outlines occupancy
requirements. The following matrix excludes square footages for service areas occupied or used
by the occupants of the major rooms; these spaces include circulation (corridors and staircases),
toilet rooms, and closets. The rooms discussed below are shown on the building plans. Based on
the table below, the total occupancy load for the existing office space is 81 people. The total
occupancy load for the future, unprogrammed space is 60 people.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters « Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

‘Architectural Resources Group Apzil 20, 2002

did not mark a significant termination or change in park planning and design policy. The Parkscape pro-
gram continued many of the basic assumptions, policies, and architectural style of Mission 66. Change
did arrive, but a few years later, when the Eastern and Western Offices of Design and Construction were
combined to form the centralized Denver Service Center (1971); environmental laws were enacted and
implemented, especially the National Environmental Policy Act, NEPA (1969); the Parkscape program
ended (1972); and the political context of Park Service leadership changed with the appointment of a
politician with no park management experience, Ronald H. Walker, as Park Service director (January
1973). The general period of significance for this historical context therefore includes the years from
1945 to 1972.22

The National Register of Historic Places requires that properties less than 50 years old possess “excep-
tional importance” if they are to be eligible for the Register (Criteria Consideration G). As an early pro-
totype (1945-1956), the Grand Canyon Visitor Center, designed in 1954 and completed in 1957 exhibits
exceptional importance under Criterion C.

The Visitor Center and Park Headquarters strongly asserts its original architectural character to the pre-
sent day. The building was altered to include a second-story administration and office addition in 1966.
Because the addition did not diminish the structure’s architectural integrity, but rather complemented it,
1966 does not mark the end of the building’s period of significance. Additionally, the modification
made in 1966, a rear two-story addition at the north elevation, was extremely sympathetic and deferen-
tial to the original structure and was carried out by Cecil Doty. Architecturally, the period of signifi-
cance includes the alterations.

The building was dedicated in 1957 as a Mission 66 Visitor Center. Sometime after the 1966 alterations,
the building became known as the Visitor Center and Park Headquarters. This date (the exact date is
uncertain) marks a gentle shift in the use of the building, emphasizing greater office function while still
providing comprehensive visitor services. Because the structure’s original use was not wholly eliminat-
ed or negatively impacted by these changes, its period of significance extends beyond the date of alter-
ations.

Doty’s Grand Canyon Visitor Center continued to serve’its intended original use as the most comprehen-
sive visitor assistance facility in the park until the inauguration of a new facility, the Canyon View
Information Plaza (CVIP). CVIP was officially dedicated on October 26, 2000. This date serves to
mark the end of the period of significance for the building.

18 SIGNIFICANCE AND INTEGRITY EVALUATION



Grand Canyon Visitor Center + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Atchitectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Appendix. Alternative Treatment Drawings as Revised at the Park + Headquarters Value
Analysis, held February 6-7, 2001.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon Nationa! Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200r

Figure 23. This image illustrates the interior courtyard after the major campaign of alterations and additions in
1966. From this view, looking across the courtyard toward the principal elevation, there is no evidence of the new
construction and the view remains the same as the original. Photo dated 1966. GCNPA Photo Number 72513.

APPENDIX D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters * Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

pril 20, 200 Architectural Resources Group

Vv. PuysicaL DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS.

Site

The Grand Canyon Park Headquarters is 5.7 miles from the south entrance of the park and located off
the park entrance road. The site is bordered by the Rim Trail which visitors can follow from the west
side of the building around the back to the canyon edge. (See Appendix E, Figure 2) The Park
Headquarters has parking lots in front of, and to the east and west, of the building. (See Appendix E,
Figure 3) The space behind the building is forested and unlandscaped. (See Appendix E, Figures 4-5)

Construction

Construction began in March of 1956 and was completed in June of 1957. (See Appendix D, Historic
Images, Figures 1-4) The structural system is concrete block on a cast-in-place concrete foundation.
Stucco was applied directly to the cast-in-place concrete and concrete block. Constructed with contem-
porary materials, glass, stucco, steel, and concrete, the building also has aluminum-framed awning-type
windows and a distinctive flat-roofed canopy over the entrance.

Exterior General

Most building elements, elevations, parapets and windows, exhibit straight, simple lines. Roofs and
canopies are flat. Wall surfaces are plain and expansive, and, in areas, unpunctuated by window open-
ings. The principal elevation integrates building and landscaping design by incorporating brick planters,
benches, flagstone paving, and fountains. All are low profile, emphasizing horizontals, and reiterating
the lines of the building, with the exception of one vertical element at the front entry. The geometry of
the building design extended beyond the basic envelope of the structure to the exterior. The horizontals
that characterize the building are extended out to form planters that merge with benches and fountains,
all in an attempt to mediate the line between building and landscape. (See Appendix E, Figure 6)
Exterior flagstone paving continues into the building lobby and courtyard. |

Exterior East (Front) Elevation

The principal facade is the most elaborate of the four elevations defined by a heraldic entry. The promi-
nent entrance is composed of a formal colonnade of pillars, or piers, articulated in a decorative multi-
color brick veneer. The entry is topped by a flat-roofed canopy. The arrangement of the piers is unusu-
al, one pier is exaggerated in size, supports the flagpole, and has a rusticated cap, while the others are
shorter and flat-topped. (See Appendix E, Figure 7) The southernmost pier is shifted on its axis. The
glass curtain wall containing the entrance doors is pulled back from the line of the pillars. A redwood
sign at the entrance indicates the building name in sans serif font aluminum capital lettering, typical of
the era of design.

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION =. 23



ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

201-B"
t6l'40" 1 3AHto"
@
. im ial
= = ee = = F
OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE - OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE {__- BASEBOARD.
i (5) {a} HEATER, TYP.
I
8 Ls iS (Sl
2 ist DEAT LIBRARY OFFI OFFICE
fev) 2 id' " UPI
PULL-DOWN iH
OFFICE OFFICE STAIR TO \T i'w i
7 Attic OFFICE STORAGE : BIRCH WARDROBE
bong fe) OFFICE OFFICE OFFICE WITH CABINETS
H] i 1 Qo an fies AOOVE, TYP.
2 T 4
KER ROO j
=f} CLOSET ios ra
= - ee
CONFERENCE I
g | RESTROOM CONDITIONER, TYP.
I oe o D ° OFEICE L | SEEN
i corer rrr VAULT OG !
| \ ‘a GL Women's
{ { RESTROOM
1 a3)
\
oe
LS - { ~ PLANTING. OFFICE y) OFFICE ze
ES comms agions | BRANTING ree tira di EG,
COMMUNICATIONS:
CENTER =) fa} ! H
) COMMUNICATIONS | H H
a H CENTER, } OFFICE )
a{ 2 1 fda) !
2" CLOSET TOWLET H i
5 OSE I ! PATIO i
8 ficsa] ROOM ce | '
Co (3) al Gy > i
@|| -— 2 S :
PROJECTION (ca)
! 1
Room i OFFICE !
=. ol 49) '
f 1
=> = \ i
‘ f
—aa
a OFFICE t
4d) f
1
> sos ran] oes, [p=4
S . oor !
x i L 4 es! j oo00 ! EXISTING CONDITIONS
Ie = ey ess = FIRST FLOOR PLAN /T)
AUDITORIUM re ree _
t=) ayy pool tt i i,
im an He ral OFFICE
hs : a
Vi WALL HOINTED iH iy ° A)
6 wt DisPL at CASE ye va i WALL LEGEND
tf ===}
oIrT tt H 1 i concrere Masonry unt (ZA stove
SHOP At 1! Loper Ut i N LOUNGE
as yf =] 3} ii \ fie 72) CONCRETE [J] stup PARTITION WALL
t i} H :
' 1 a
wt ( =
i i ' x
Vt 1 ! N
tl rt 1
rH 1 !
7 DESIGNED: | SUB_SHEET NO. WME OF SHEET DRAWING NO.
concrete { cameo CEC HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT
WITH i
PIPERAIL EXISTING CONDITIONS
GUARDRAIL SERVICE YARD WALL~ ?
NI ® BUILDING CONCRETE BLOCK WITH PARK HEADQUARTERS
ECO FAC
GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK {=



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report . Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 19. This image illustrates the north elevation of the Visitor Center after the
1966 addition. The grade rises at the north end of the structure to create a one-story
entrance. The use of a flat canopy over the entrance echoes, on a smaller scale, the
design of the principal entrance at the front elevation. Photo dated 1967. GCNPA
Photo Number 14274.

AppENnoix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group ~Apsil 20, 2007

and the assembly areas of the visitor center. The corridor can discharge directly into the lobby.

The code requires that doors have level landings on either side. The exterior door from the northeast
office wing currently has a step at the threshold. This should be corrected with an exterior landing level
with the first floor. The west exterior exit stair from the existing library does not provide the proper size
landing at the door. The door swing should be reversed and the landing enlarged. The guardrail at the
areaway for the exterior basement stair does not meet height requirements. It should be replaced with a
42” high guardrail of a similar design.

For further discussion, see the code analysis located in Appendix C.

Fire Protection

The building is not currently protected by an automatic sprinkler system; however, the building is
equipped with 1-1/2” fire hose valves and hose in various locations, as well as wall mounted fire extin-
guishers. The Reference Manual to Directors Orders 50B and 58 require buildings undergoing renova-
tion to be equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system. Therefore, a wet pipe fire sprinkler system
should be installed with a new 4” pipe and a fire department connection at the building exterior. The
existing fire hose valves should be removed.

Visual strobe warning devices, powered by a fire alarm panel, should be installed to meet accessibility
requirements.

Energy Conservation :

The building is currently heated and cooled by a variety of methods, as described in the mechanical
assessment, located in Appendix H. Most of the building is heated with wall mounted radiators, sup-
plied by fuel oil fired hot water boilers. The radiators are in good condition and provide sufficient heat,
however the boilers and circulating pumps should be replaced with more efficient units. These areas are
cooled by either natural ventilation or window mounted air conditioning units. The window units are
inefficient and clutter the clean lines of the elevations. They should be removed. A new rooftop cooled
air conditioning unit can provide cooling for these spaces. The rooftop units could also provide heat for
the spaces as the south end the building that are currently heated and cooled by a multi-zone unit. This
existing multi-zone unit, located in the crawl space, should be removed.

A total building roofing insulation system should be installed to prevent heat loss and gain. This can be
installed when the roofing system is replaced.

The existing windows are single-glazed and are not weather-stripped. As mentioned previously in this
section, the windows are problematic with regard to both air and water infiltration. If the decision is

36 ‘TREATMENT AND USE

F
i



United States Department of the Interior



Bapld Visual Screening of Seismically Hazardous Buildings { Address Sevth Entice Read, Grand Canyon, S-Rim, AZ B6oR3
Other Identifiers As # 50%50'courhyanl ia cerler of
Building Name Adminstration Olds - Bly. #050

GVi8 itor Cenjer- ay IOS

Supplementary Photographs



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

Evaluation Of Integrity / Condition
Eligibility for the National Register hinges on both significance and historic and architectural integrity.
.. Integrity is the authenticity of an historical resource’s physical identity evidenced by the survival of
characteristics that existed during the resource’s period of significance. Integrity involves several
aspects including location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association. These
aspects closely relate to the resource's significance and must be primarily intact for eligibility. Integrity
must also be judged with reference to the particular criteria under which a resource is eligible for inclu-
sion in the National Register.

Many aspects of the building remain unchanged from the time of its construction. Its location, site, and
setting are mostly unchanged. No new structures affect the site or the building’s perception within the
landscape. The building’s materials, construction technology and workmanship, typically used in
Mission 66 projects, are intact and were utilized again for the 1966 addition. The second-story addition
is well-designed and favorably complements the architectural expression of the original structure. The
prominent lobby still conveys the building’s historic public use and should continue to do so, even with
a diminished public function. :

Changes in use and interior alterations have had a more noticeable impact than changes to the exterior.
Interior alterations have obscured some features and intents of the original design, but not in a way that
makes the original building unreadable. Initially, the building had a clear and straightforward pattem of
circulation; now, various interior modifications have eliminated that. Key elements of the interior that
have been diminished to varying degrees are: the big volume spaces of the original exhibit rooms; the
corresponding sense of spaciousness; the procession through a sequence of spaces that was a particularly
important aspect of visitor center design; and, the elimination of elements of the lobby, such as the fire-
place, now covered. Apart from this, the Grand Canyon Visitor Center and Park Headquarters retains a

: high degree of integrity.

SIGNIFICANCE ANO INTEGRITY EVALUATION = 19



ee ee ee |

ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP

RAIN LEADER TYP.

CEMENT STUCCO WALL.
FINISH, TYP.

i —

i"

CONDITIONS SURVEY LEGEND

LOS OF MATERIAL AT CEMENT STUCCO FINISH,
LOSS OF CAPSTONE AT PARAPET

LOSS OF MATERIAL AT STONE VENEER; SEVERE LOSS OF MORTAR

LOSS OF MATERIAL AT CONCRETE; AGGREGATE EXPOSED

FAILURE OF CEMENT STUCCO FINISH, PEELING PAINT COAT

DELAMINATION OF STONE VEt

DISCOLORATION OF GEMENT STUCCO FINISH

DISCOLORATION OF STONE VENEER

CRACK IN CEMENT STUCCO WALL FINISH

(BD) _ EXPOSED POLYURETHANE COATING

[KE] BIOLOGICAL GROWTH AT CEMENT STUCCO WRAL FINISH

CONDITIONS SURVEY - SOUTH ELEVATION <

CONDITIONS SURVEY KEY NOTES

© CRACK IN CEMENT STUCCO WALL FINISH AT
JOINTS IN CMU. WALL

@ FAIRE AT JOINT BETWEEN FLASHING AND
CEMENT STUCCO FINISH

@)_ WATER MIGRATION BEHIND CEMENT STUCCO
FINIGH AT SCUPPER / DOWN SPOUT

CEMENT STUCCO FINISH CRACKING AT RINDON,
SILL

© _TPICAL CONDITION AT SERVICE YARD
WALLS: CRACK IN CEMENT STUCCO FINISH AT
JOINTS IN CMU. WALL, SEVERE CRACKS IN
FINISH AT TOP OF WALL, EXPOSURE OF
CAPSTONE, AND BIOLOGICAL GROKTH AT TOP
OF WALL

iS)

@) EFFLORESCENCE AT SIDE OF STONE PIER /
AUNCTION WITH ROO!

SEVERE LOSS OF MORTAR AT JOINTS - 3/2"
IN DEPTH

SPLITTING AT BASE OF WOOD COLUMNS

PEELING PAINT AT UNDERSIDE OF WOOD
DECKING

OROMEC)

PEELING / BULGING PAINT AT DG0R SURFACE
DETERIORATION OF GLAZING PUTTY -
CRUMBLING AND FRIABLE, WITH MISSING
SECTIONS

APBLICATION OF SEALANT AT GLAZING
CRACK IN WINDOM GLAZING

ALUMINUM HANDRAIL NOT SECURE IN PLACE
DAMAGED RAIN LEADER

WATER POOLING DUE TO INSUFFICIENT ROOF
SLOPE

TYPICAL CONDITION AT RAMP: VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT BETWEEN SLAB AND STUCCO
WALL, OUTSIDE WALLS STRUCTURAL UNSOUND
WITH CUTNARD DISPLACEMENT AT TOP, AND
BIOLOGICAL GROWTH AT TOP OF SLAB,

8 ©9@OG88 C8

CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT BASED ON MAY 2000 SITE VISIT

‘SUB_SHEET NO. TWLE OF SHEET DRAWING NO.

EC | HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT | —
13 EXISTING CONDITIONS — Ra

PARK HEADQUARTERS

GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK



|

Grand Canyon Visitor Center + Histo

Structure Report «+ Grand Canyon National Park
Architectural Resources Group ~

‘April 20, 200%

Appendix F. Potential Seismic Hazard Assessment by Sato and Associates, dated
October 1998.



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report +* © Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200

Figure 10. View into courtyard from roof. ARG Photo, dated
May, 2000.

ApPENDIX E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Axchivectural Resources Group April 20, 2002

Figure 12. Detail of courtyard planting bed. ARG Photo, dated May,
2000.

APPENDIX E



i
|
1

Grand Canyon Park Headquarters -* Historic Structure Report - | Grand Canyon National Park

April 20, 2001 Architectural Resources Group
i Historical Background

Developmental History and Context

This section of the HSR outlines the people, events, and historic contexts associated with the structure.
Historic contexts are broad patterns of historical development in a community or a region that may be’
represented by historical resources. Historic contexts can be identified through consideration of the history of
individual properties or groupings of properties within the surrounding area. The establishment of historic
contexts provides the foundation for decision-making concerning the'planning, identification, evaluation,
restoration, registration, and treatment of historic properties, based upon comparative significance. Historic
contexts can be developed for all types of resources including, but not limited to, buildings, structures, objects,
sites and historic districts. The methodology for developing contexts does not vary greatly with the different
types of resources, and contexts may relate to any of the four National Register criteria. At the core of historic
contexts is the premise that resources, properties, or happenings i in history do not occur in a vacuum, but rather
are part of larger trends or patterns.

The Canyon’s First Inhabitants

Humans have known the Grand Canyon, the major chasm of the Colorado River and its tributaries, for -
thousands of years. Indigenous people have lived in the Grand Canyon for over 4000 years, with recent
evidence suggesting people may have been utilizing the canyon as long as 10,000 years ago. Grand Canyon
National Park is rich in cultural resources; the park records include 4,000 prehistoric and historic sites, based
upon intensive survey of approximately 2.5% of the entire park. Estimates of archaeological resources within
the park top 50,000 archaeological sites, prehistoric and historic, based upon the limited sample survey that
currently exists.

For thousands of years, people ‘moved i in and out of Grand Canyon, leaving behind evidence of their passing.
Thousands of dwellings, shelters, and agricultural terraces have been located, providing evidence of ancestral
hunters, gatherers and farmers living on both rims and in the inner canyon. Campsites, rock art, house
foundations, pottery, chipped stone, ground stone, and other artifacts remain to help tell the story of these.
people and their lives within the canyon over the last 10,000 years.

A single portion of a Folsum point provides the only evidence to date of Paleo-Indian hunters within Grand
Canyon nearly 10,000 years ago. Although evidence for human occupation is limited, it is well documented
that Archaic peoples began utilizing the Grand Canyon over 4000 years ago. Split-twig figurines, projectile
poinits, campsites. and rock art attest to. archaic populations in and around the Grand.Canyon from ca. 3500
B.C. to 1. A.D. Though limited, archaeological materials suggest near continuous occupations through the
Archaic and Basketmaker (early A.D. to ca. A.D. 700) periods, moving directly into the Puebloan period
occupations (ca. AD. 800 = 1300). Groups identified as représenting both the ancestral Puebloan peoples and
Cohonina culture have been identified throughout the Canyon during those time periods, gradually giving way
to contemporary peoples. The Hopi, Zuni, Southern Paiute, Havasupai, Hualapai and.Navajo all left remains
that have become part of the archaeological record. These same people continue to use the canyon today for
traditional and religious reasons.

Grand Canyon has been home to various groups of people for thousands of years, These people, both native
Americans and more recent Euro-Americans, have utilized the canyon as both a home and a place linked to «
traditional practices, values and beliefs. To the Hopi and Zuni, the Grand Canyon represents their place of
origin into this world. For Hopi, it also represents the place where their spirits come to rest after death.
Although the Anasazi (Hisatsinom), or ancestral Puebloan people, migrated from the canyon area, their
descendants, the Hopi and Zuni, continue periodic visits. -

For the Pueblo people, archaeological remains in the canyon provide evidence for their migration from their
place of origin to their present homes. For the Pai-people (Hualapai and Havasupai), the canyon and the river
are the lands they have been entrusted to care for. The river represents the backbone. For the Southern
Paiute, the canyon represents a place given to them from the Creator to protect and manage, including its
water and natural resources. To the Navajo people, the Colorado River in Grand Canyon forms a protective
boundary on the western border of Navajo land. Many of the tribes who claim ancestral tiés to the Grand
Canyon continue to use the park. Salt and hematite are collected from the locations along the.river by all
tribes, and certain plants are collected for traditional and medicinal purposes throughout the park. Pine nuts
are still collected by Indians and non-Indians. One small group of Havasupai continues to live approximately
one mile west of Grand Canyon Village in Supai Camp. Most Havasupai today earn their living from tourism,
ranching, and wage labor. . HisToRICAL BACKGROUND 5



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon Nationat Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 200

Figure 17. This image illustrates the lobby, looking toward information desk
Photo dated 1966. GCNPA Photo Number 4748.

Appendix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

January 29, 2001 Architectural Resources Group

Alternative B: More Space via Second Floor Addition

Alternative B proposes:

relocate the library to either the original location of the study collection at the rear of the building or
to the space adjacent to reception;

provide additional office space by extending existing second floor offices at north side of building;
add exterior exit stair to parking lot;

reorganize lobby space and function to form contact point/reception area with employee information
and notice area and one desk for various departments; reception space will be partially reduced to
give more space to office use;

restore entrance lobby fireplace;

add ramping to second floor interior hallway;

telocate communications center to the front northeast corner of the building with communications
equipment located in finished basement below; build additional office space at original location of
information desk;

install two-stop elevator in space directly behind chimney flue; install ramp for additional access to
second floor;

reconfigure two second floor rest rooms to be accessible;

improve access to existing non-original attic storage at southwest corner;

restore south elevation to original condition; close non-original door and window openings; retain
original door to craw! space; and,

modify entry at covered walk for greater accessibility.

Alternative B achieves the following:

increase in usable office space;

retains interior volumes;

recreates the circulation pattem of the original design;

moves elevator closer to more logical location, nearer entrance lobby;

improves security for communications center in more autonomous location with dedicated entrance;
improves office space functionality and flexibility by the layout of continuous flow of space,
depending on the ultimate location of the library;

provides centralized and logical reception at main entrance;

new windows to south and east walls of the courtyard interior provide additional light to interior
spaces given over to new offices;

visual impact of addition minimized at principal elevation as elevator shaft is located behind chim-
ney flue and at north elevation as office extension follows the lines of the 1966 addition;

gain in usable office space with minimal impact to building appearance; and,

TREATMENT AND Use = 41



Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

Building Assessment Report Park Headquarters and Visitor’s Center
|

e: Main Electrical Distribution Panel

f: Window Cooling Unit

Flack + Kurtz Site Photos
Ref. No.: $00.02260.00
November 7, 2000



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters . Historic Structure Report * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2001

Figure 21. Image shows efflorescence and water infiltration on pier at canopy junction.
ARG Photo, dated May, 2000.

APPENDIX E



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters ° Historic Structure Report = * Grand Canyon National Park

Architectural Resources Group . April 20, 2001

Figure 24. This image illustrates both the visitor services desk in the entrance lobby
of the Visitor Center Lobby and the level of popularity of the successful visitor cen-
ter building type. Finishes are blonde wood contributing to a light, spacious and
airy interior. Photo dated 1971. GCNPA Photo Number 14235.

Apprennix D



Grand Canyon Park Headquarters + ‘Historic Structure Report + Grand Canyon National Park

“Architectural Resources Group April 20, 2007

gain in usable office space with minimal impact to building appearance; and,
increases building accessibility.

Negative aspects associated with Alternative C:

* communications center remains “buried” within the existing building; continues to disrupt free-flow
of circulation through large volume spaces as originally designed;

* ramping of second floor interior hallway requires modification of Office 220, 222, 224 and 225;
Offices 220 and 222 are currently separate offices - they will need to be altered to become shared
offices with only one corridor door; Offices 224 and 225 shall be combined and have only one cor-
ridor door;

* original lobby configuration and function compromised by alterations so that original proportions
and experience of the space are gone; reception space reduced to absolute minimum; and,

* perception of original patio space is altered by installation of glazing.

Future Expansion Alternatives

The park has not fully determined its office space needs. The above treatment alternatives provide vari-
ous degrees of expanded office space. Should even Alternative C be deemed inadequate in terms of
square footage, other additions may need to be considered. The most logical location for a ground floor
addition seems to be at the west side of the building although any addition would present problems in
terms of circulation and existing natural light on the interior. An addition at the. west side of the struc-
ture would have the least impact on the building’s character and expression but the building has suffered
changes especially on the interior that alter its original condition. Careful planning is required before
any further additions and alterations are considered. ,

44 TREATMENT AND UsE

a a

I
1
i
i