r

Angostura Reservoir

2004 Sedimentation Survey

()

U.S. Department of the Interior

Bureau of Reclamation

Technical Service Center

Denver, Colorado August 2005
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved

0MB No. 0704-0188

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave Blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

August 2005 Final ________________________________

4, TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS

Angostura Reservoir PR

2004 Sedimentation Survey

6. AUTHOR(S)

Ronald L. Ferrari _________________________

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

Bureau of Reclamation, Technical Service Center, Denver CO 80225-0007 REPORT NUMBER

9. SPONSORING/MOMTORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Federal Center, P0 Box 25007, AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

Denver CO 80225-0007

DIBR

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

Hard copy available at Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center, Denver, Colorado

12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) surveyed Angostura Reservoir in May 2004 and winter of 2005 to develop

new reservoir topography and compute a present storage-elevation relationship (area-capacity tables). The 2004

underwater survey, conducted between reservoir elevation 3,178.5 (feet) and 3,179.0 (project datum), used sonic

depth recording equipment interfaced with a real-time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS) that gave

continuous sounding positions throughout the underwater portion of the reservoir covered by the survey vessel. In

2005, a RTK GPS land survey on a small portion of the upper reach of the reservoir was completed. Above-water

topography was determined by digitizing reservoir contours from U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle (USGS quad)

and Reclamation's original topographic maps of the reservoir area. These digitized contours were adjusted in the

upper reservoir area using the 2005 survey data. Due to the lack of detailed above water data this study assumed no

change since the 1979 range line survey from elevation 3,187.2 and above.

As of May 2004, at conservation pool elevation 3,187.2, the surface area was 4,612 acres with a total capacity of

123,048 acre-feet. Since dam closure on October 3, 1949, about 36,871 acre-feet of sediment has accumulated below

elevation 3,187.2, resulting in a 23.0 percent loss in reservoir volume.

14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES

reservoir area and capacity! sedimentation! reservoir surveys! sonar! sediment distribution!

contour area! reservoir area! sedimentation survey! global positioning system/ lake

___________________

16. PRICE CODE

17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF

CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION ABSTRACT

OF REPORT OF ABSTRACT

OF THIS PAGE

UL UL UL

____________________

UL ______________________

NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescn'bed by ANSI Stt 239-18

298-102
Angostura Reservoir

2004 Sedimentation Survey

Prepared by

Ronald L. Ferrari

- .- /

U.S. Department of the Interior

Bureau of Reclamation

Technical Service Center

Water Resources Services

Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group

Denver, Colorado August 2005
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Reclamation's Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group of the

Technical Service Center (TSC) prepared and published this report.

Ronald Ferrari of the TSC and John Strachan of the Great Plains Region

conducted the hydrographic survey. Curt Anderson, Jeff Nettleton, Steve

Parker, and John Sirachan of the Great Plains Region collected sediment

samples. John Strachan conducted the 2005 land survey. Ron Ferrari of

the TSC completed the data processing needed to generate the new

topographic map and area-capacity tables. Sharon Nuanes of the TSC

developed the fmal topographic map. Kent Collins of the TSC

performed the technical peer review of this documentation.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE

INTERIOR

The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect

and provide access to our Nation's natural and cultural

heritage and honor our trust responsibilities to Indian tribes

and our commitments to island communities.

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage,

develop, and protect water and related resources in an

environmentally and economically sound manner in

the interest of the American public.

The information contained in this report regarding commercial products

or firms may not be used for advertising or promotional purposes and is

not to be construed as an endorsement of any product or firm by

Reclamation.

The information contained in this report was developed for the Bureau of

Reclamation; no warranty as to the accuracy, usefulness, or completeness

is expressed or implied.

11
CONTENTS

.......................................................................................................................

................................................................................

....................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

...................................................................................

...........................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

.....................................................................................

...........................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................

....................................................................

....................................................................

.............................................................................................

...........................................

...........................................

...........................................

...........................................

.........................................................................................

........................................................................

.................................................................................

.................................................................................

.................................................................................

.................................................................................

.................................................................................

.................................................................................................

........................................................................................

......................

Page

Introduction 1

Summary and Conclusions 2

Reservoir Operations 3

Hydrographic Survey Equipment and Method 4

Angostura Reservoir Datum 6

History of surveys 6

2004 Sediment Sampling and Soil Analysis 7

Reservoir Area and Capacity 8

Topography Development 8

Development of 2004 Surface Areas 9

2004 Storage Capacity 10

Reservoir Sediment Analyses 10

References 13

Table

TABLES

1 Reservoir sediment data summary age 1 of 3) 14

1 Reservoir sediment data summary (page 2 of 3) 15

1 Reservoir sediment data summary (page 3 of 3) 16

2 Summary of 2004 survey results 17

3 Summary of sediment sample analyses for 2004 survey (1 of 4) 19

4 Summary of sediment sample analyses for 2004 survey (2 of 4) 20

5 Summary of sediment sample analyses for 2004 survey (3 of 4) 21

6 Summary of sediment sample analyses for 2004 survey (4 of 4) 22

Figure

FIGURES

1 Angostura Reservoir location map 1

2 Survey vessel with mounted hydrographic equipment on Jackson Lake in Wyoming 4

3 Layout of reservoir sedimentation range lines 6

4 Angostura Reservoir topographic map 1 23

S Angostura Reservoir topographic map2 25

6 Angostura Reservoir topographic map 3 27

7 Angostura Reservoir topographic map 4 29

8 Angostura Reservoir topographic map 5 31

9 2004 area and capacity curves 33

10 Typical sediment deposition profile 11

11 Longitudinal profiles of the Cheyenne River for the 1949, 65, and 79 surveys 12

111
INTRODUCTION

Angostura Dam and Reservoir in Fall River County on the Cheyenne River is located about nine

miles southeast of Hot Springs in southwest South Dakota (figure 1). The dam, reservoir, and

facilities are part of the Angostura Unit that provides storage for irrigation water, flood control,

fish and wildlife conservation, recreation, and sediment control for the Pick-Sloan Missouri

Basin Project.

Shadehill

//ae'ie Feuróhe

.' ..

• "-actofa

SOUTH DAKOTA

Figure 1 - Angostura Reservoir location map.

The reservoir, formed by a concrete gravity and earth embankment structure, was completed in

December of 1949. The dam's dimensions are:

Hydraulic height1 136 feet Structural height 193 feet

Top width 10 feet Crest length 2,030 feet

Crest elevation 3,199.0 feet2

1The definition of such terms as "hydraulic height," "structural height," etc. may be found in manuals such as Reclamation's

Design of Small Dams and Guide for Preparation of Standing Operating Procedures for Darns and Reservoirs, or ASCE's

Nomenclature for Hydraulics.

2Elevations in feet, All elevations based on the original project datum established by U.S. Bureau of Reclamation that was

reported to be the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29) and around two feet lower than the North American

Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88).

1
The spillway, crest elevation 3,157.2, is an overflow section in the concrete portion of the dam

controlled by five 50- by 30-foot radial gates (Bureau of Reclamation, 1967). The discharge

capacity is 247,000 cubic feet per second (cfs) at maximum reservoir elevation 3,198.1.

A river outlet works, location in the concrete portion of the dam, consists of a 4.5-foot diameter

steel conduit controlled by a 48-inch jet-flow gate in the gatehouse to the right of the spiliway.

The discharge capacity is 590 cfs at maximum reservoir elevation 3,198.1. The main canal outlet

works for irrigation water delivery consists of a 6-foot-diameter steel conduit through the

concrete dam section with a discharge capacity of 720 cfs at active capacity elevation 3,187.2.

The drainage area above Angostura Dam is approximately 9,100 square miles and all is

considered sediment contributing. The reservoir extends 17 miles in length along the Cheyenne

River and 7.6 miles in length along Horsehead Creek. The average reservoir widths are 0.44

mile on the Cheyenne River and 0.32 mile on Horsehead Creek (Bureau of Reclamation, 1983).

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

This Reclamation report presents the 2004 results of the survey of Angostura Reservoir. The

primary objective of the survey was to gather data to:

develop reservoir topography

compute area-capacity relationships

estimate storage depletion due to sediment deposition

A real-time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS) control survey established a

temporary horizontal and vertical control point near the reservoir for the hydrographic survey.

The GPS base was set over the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) datum point "HSR A" that is

located at the Hot Springs Airport. The horizontal control was in the South Dakota state plane

south coordinate zone iii the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) and the vertical control

was tied to the National American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) and the Reclamation

project vertical datum. All elevations in this report are referenced to Reclamation's project or

construction vertical datum. Reclamation's vertical datums for this study are assumed tied to the

National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29) that is arotmd two feet lower than

NAVD88.

The May 2004 underwater survey was conducted between reservoir elevation 3,178.5 and

3,179.0. The bathymetric survey used sonic depth recording equipment interfaced with RTK

GPS for determining sounding locations within the reservoir. The system continuously recorded

depth and horizontal coordinates of the survey boat as it navigated along grid lines covering

Angostura Reservoir. The positioning system provided information to allow the boat operator to

maintain a course along these grid lines. Water surface elevations recorded by the Reclamation's

reservoir gauge during the time of collection were used to convert the sonic depth measurements

to reservoir bottom elevations. The above-water topography was determined by digitizing the

developed contour lines from the USGS quad and Reclamation's original mapped contours of the

2
reservoir area. In winter of 2005, a RTK GPS land survey in the upper reach of the reservoir on

the Cheyenne River was conducted and was used to adjust the digitized contours to represent the

2005 conditions.

The Angostura Reservoir topographic map is a combination of the adjusted digitized contours

and the 2004 underwater survey data. A computer graphics program generated the 2004

reservoir surface areas at predetermined contour intervals from the collected reservoir area. The

2004 area and capacity tables were produced by a computer program that used measured contour

surface areas and a curve-fitting technique to compute area and capacity at prescribed elevation

increments (Bureau of Reclamation, 1985).

Tables 1 and 2 contain summaries of the Angostura Reservoir and watershed characteristics for

the 2004 survey. The 2004 survey determined that the reservoir has a total storage capacity of

123,048 acre-feet and a surface area of 4,612 acres at top of conservation pool elevation 3,187.2.

Since closure on October 3 of 1949, the reservoir has an estimated volume change of 36,871

acre-feet below reservoir elevation 3,187.2. This volume represents a 23.0 percent loss in total

original capacity at this elevation.

RESERVOIR OPERATIONS

Angostura Reservoir is part of the Angostura Unit of the Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Project that

provides storage for irrigation, flood control, fish and wildlife conservation, recreation and

sediment control. The May 2004 capacity table shows 180,356 acre-feet of total storage below

the maximum water surface elevation 3,198.1. The 2004 survey measured a minimum lake

bottom elevation of 3,1 19.6. The following values are from the May 2004 capacity table:

• 57,308 acre-feet of surcharge between elevation 3,187.2 and 3,198.1

• 80,843 acre-feet of conservation use between elevation 3,163.0 and 3,187.2

• 36,547 acre-foot of inactive storage between elevation 3,139.75 and 3,163.0

• 5,658 acre-foot of dead storage below 3,139.75

Angostura Reservoir available inflow and end-of-month stage records listed on table 1, operation

period 1952 through 2004, show the calculated inflow and annual fluctuation for these years of

operation. The computed average inflow into the reservoir for these years was 81,500 acre-feet

per year. The maximum-recorded elevation was 3,189.4 in May of 1978 with a minimum

elevation of 3,162.9 in September of 1960. The mean elevation of the reservoir for the period of

record is near elevation 3,180.
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY EQUIPMENT AN]) METHOD

The hydrographic survey equipment was mounted in the cabin of a 24-foot trihull aluminum

vessel equipped with twin in-board motors (figure 2). The bydrographic system included a GPS

receiver with a built-in radio, a depth sounder, a helmsman display for navigation, a computer,

and hydrographic system software for collecting the underwater data. An on-board generator

supplied power to all the equipment. The shore equipment included a second OPS receiver with

an external radio powered by a 12-volt battery. The GPS receiver and antenna were mounted on

a survey tripod over a known datum point.

_-_ --rFigure 2 - Survey vessel with mounted hydrographic equipment on Jackson Lake in Wyoming

The Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group uses RTK GPS with the major benefits being

precise heights measured in real time to monitor water surface elevation changes and the ability

to conduct land topographic surveys with minimal post-processing of data. The basic outputs

from an RTK receiver are precise 3D coordinates in latitude, longitude, and height with

accuracies on the order of two centimeters horizontally and three centimeters vertically. The

output is on the GPS datum of WGS-84 that the hydrographic collection software converted into

South Dakota's NAD83 state plane south coordinate zone. The RTK GPS system employs two

receivers that track the same satellites simultaneously just like with differential GPS.

Angostura Reservoir hydrographic survey was conducted in May of 2004 between reservoir

elevation 3,178.5 and 3,179.0 (Reclamation project datum). The bathymetric survey was

conducted using sonic depth recording equipment, interfaced with a RTK GPS, capable of

determining sounding locations within the reservoir. The survey system software continuously

recorded reservoir depths and horizontal coordinates as the survey boat moved along closely

spaced grid lines covering the reservoir area. Most transects (grid lines) were run somewhat in a

perpendicular alignment to the reservoir at around 300-foot spacing. Data was also collected

along the shore as the boat traversed between transects. The survey vessel's guidance system

gave directions to the boat operator to assist in maintaining the course along these predetermined

4
lines. During each run, the depth and position data were recorded on the notebook computer

hard drive for subsequent processing.

The 2004 underwater data was collected by a depth sounder that was calibrated by lowering a

weighted cable below the boat with beads marking known depths. The depth sounder was

calibrated by adjusting the speed of sound, which can vary with density, salinity, temperature,

turbidity, and other conditions. The collected data were digitally transmitted to the computer

collection system via a RS-232 port. The depth sounder also produced an analog hard-copy chart

of the measured depths. These graphed analog charts were analyzed during post-processing, and

when the analog charted depths indicated a difference from the computer recorded bottom

depths, the computer data files were modified. The water surface elevations at the dam, recorded

by a Reclamation gauge, were used to convert the sonic depth measurements to true lake-bottom

elevations.

In the winter of 2005, a RTK GPS land topographic survey on a small portion of the upper reach

of the Cheyenne River arm of the reservoir was completed. The survey was on the formed

sediment delta around range lines 7A, 7, and 8 that were inaccessible during the 2004 boat

survey (figure 3). The above water data was limited, but the area covered provided adequate

information for developing updated contours for elevations 3,175 and 3,180. The 2005

surveyed data determined changes in the digitized original contours and at several of the range

lines. The 2005-surveyed elevation data were collected in NAVD88 and was shifted to match

the project vertical datum during processing. The results of the 2005 land survey showed little

change, since 1979, at range lines 7, 7A and 8. Following is a summary of a visual interpretation

of the average bottom elevation from the 1979 range line plots and the 2005 elevation data

collected near the range line alignment.

Ran2e Line 1979 2005

7 3,175 3,178

7A 3,175 3,179

8 3,183 3,184

A land survey cannot account for the full extent of change that has occurred on Angostura

Reservoir. As documented in the 1965 survey report, there was extensive measured shoreline

erosion on many of the range lines. For this study, a complete aerial survey of the reservoir

would have been required to accuracy measure the surface area from elevation 3,175 and above.

5
Figure 3- Layout of reservoir sedimentation range lines.

Angostura Reservoir Datum

Prior to the reservoir underwater survey, the hydrographic survey crew conducted a RTK GPS

survey from the NGS control point "HSR A" to tie horizontal and vertical control to a temporary

point used for this study and to the reservoir water surface. All vertical information for this

study is referenced to the Reclamation reservoir water surface gauge measurements that were

found to be near the NGVD29 and around two feet lower than NAVD88. The horizontal control

was in the South Dakota state plane south coordinate zone in NAD83.

History of Surveys

In 1940-41, Reclamation conducted a detailed topographic survey of the Angostura dam site and

a 5-foot contour topographic survey of the reservoir area. The original sedimentation range lines

were established to be used to monitor sediment inflow. The original area and capacity tables for

the reservoir were determined from the 5-foot topographic survey.

The first Reclamation resurvey of Angostura Reservoir sedimentation range lines was conducted

in the summer and fall of 1965. A total of 39 range lines were surveyed. The volume of

sediment accumulation was computed by a constant-factor method that is based on the principle

of the average end area procedure to compute volumes. Using a gravity core sampler eighteen

samples were collected throughout the reservoir. The samples were analyzed for particle-size

distribution throughout the reservoir (Bureau of Reclamation, January 1967).

6
A second Reclamation resurvey of Angostura Reservoir was conducted in the spring of 1979

when 44 reservoir sedimentation ranges were surveyed. The volume of sediment accumulation

was computed by the width adjustment method (Pemberton, 1980). This method is a variation of

the average end area procedure. Using a gravity core sampler sixteen samples were collected

throughout the reservoir. The samples were analyzed for particle size and unit weight (Bureau of

Reclamation, August 1983). The 1979 area and capacity results were modified using 1986 aerial

data. The new tables were generated using the 1979 surface area results from elevation 3,115

through 3,190 and the 1986 aerial data from elevation 3,198 through 3,230. The 1986 computed

area at elevation 3,198.1 was about 100 acres larger than the original computed surface area at

the same elevation.

2004 SEDIMENTATION SAMPLING AND SOIL ANALYSIS

The previous Angostura sedimentation surveys in 1965 and 1979 collected sediment samples for

particle size and unit weight values. In 2004, samples were collected at three locations to

establish baseline soil analysis data of the sediment deposited in Angostura Reservoir. The 2004

samples were analyzed for chemical composition not covered by previous studies. The three

locations were in the bay where Horsehead Creek flows into the reservoir, in the upper reservoir

where the Cheyenne River flows into the reservoir, and approximately 300-feet directly upstream

from the radial gates of the dam.

The 2004 samples were collected to record base line sediment analysis information on the

reservoir that might be helpful in future investigations. One of the current activities that might be

of future concern is the coal bed methane (CBM) development that is located upstream of the

reservoir in Wyoming. This activity has the potential for increasing salt loads into the drainages

upstream of the reservoir. In addition, the "Upper Cheyenne Watershed Assessment" is being

conducted by the State of South Dakota in Pennington, Custer, and Fall River Counties. The

long-term goal of the assessment is to locate and document non-point source pollution in the

watershed and produce feasible restoration recommendations.

From the survey vessel, a gravity core sampler was used to collect the 2004 Angostura Reservoir

sediment samples near the dam. A soil core sampler collected the other samples since the

reservoir was low due to several years of dry weather. Duplicate samples were taken at each site

for a total of six samples.

The samples were shipped in coolers to the Reclamation Water & Soil Laboratory in Bismarck,

North Dakota. The plastic core sleeves were cut away from the soil cores, that varied in length

from 9 to 26 inches, and were set out to air dry. After drying, the first 4 inches of each core, and

the remaining soil in each core, were treated as individual samples. They were ground,

homogeneously mixed, and a 1 to 4- water digestion and extract was performed. Most of the

analyses were performed on a diluted sample of this extract. The exceptions were for Total

Phosphate, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, and Mercury that had analyses run directly off the dried

sediment. The results from the analyses are listed on tables 3 through 6.

7
RESERVOIR AREA AND CAPACITY

Topography Development

The topography of Angostura Reservoir was developed from the 2004 collected underwater data,

2005 land survey data, and the digitized contours from the USGS quad and Reclamation maps.

The digitized contour lines of Angostura Reservoir were elevations 3,175 and 3,187. The USGS

quad maps were developed from aerial photography dated 1948 and the Reclamation contour,

elevation 3,175, was from original developed topography of the reservoir. The developed digital

Reclamation map contours were somewhat blurry. ARC/INFO geographic information system

(GIS) software was used to transform the digital contours to South Dakota's NAD 1983 state

plane coordinates, south zone, to match the USGS quad and 2004-05 data. This study found the

enclosed digitized contour area, with the island surfaces removed, to be within a few percent of

the original surface area at the same elevation. The 2005 survey data was used to adjust the

3,175 contour and to project the surface area loss due to the above water sediment delta that had

formed from the Cheyenne River's sediment inflow.

The adjusted contour, elevation 3,175, was used to perform a hardclip around the 2004-05 data

of Angostura Reservoir. This hardclip was used during the triangular irregular network (TIN)

development so interpolation did not occur outside the enclosed polygon. This contour was

selected since it was the closest data available to represent the water surface during the 2004

survey. Using ARCEDIT, the 2004 underwater and 2005 land data along with the 3,175 and

3,187 contours were plotted. The plot showed that the underwater data did not lie completely

within the 3,175 clip, which required modifications to include the entire underwater data set

within this enclosed polygon. Using select and move commands within ARCEDIT, the vertices

of the clip were shifted to contain the 2004 underwater data. Using the 2005 land survey data the

clip was further modified in the upper end where a significant loss of area due to sedimentation

accumulation had occurred on the Cheyenne River arm of the reservoir. This adjusted clip was

assigned an elevation of 3,175.0.

Contours for the reservoir below elevation 3,175.0 were computed from the 2004-05 data sets

using the triangular irregular network (TiN) surface-modeling package within ARC/INFO. A

TIN is a set of adjacent non-overlapping triangles computed from irregularly spaced points with

x,y coordinates and z values. TIN was designed to deal with continuous data such as elevations.

The TiN software uses a method known as Delaunays criteria for triangulation where triangles

are formed among all data points within the polygon clip. The method requires that a circle

drawn through the three nodes of a triangle will contain no other point, meaning that sample

points are connected to their nearest neighbors to form triangles using all collected data. This

method preserves all collected survey points. Elevation contours are then interpolated along the

triangle elements. The TIN method is discussed in detail in the ARC/INFO V7.0.2 Users

Documentation, (ESRI, 1992).

The linear interpolation option of the ARC/INFO TINCONTOUR command was used to

interpolate contours from the Angostura Reservoir TIN. In addition, the contours were

generalized by filtering out vertices along the contours. This generalization process improved

8
the presentability of the resulting contours by removing very small variations in the contour

lines. This generalization had no bearing on the computation of surface areas and volumes for

Angostura Reservoir since the areas were calculated from the developed TIN. The areas of the

enclosed contour polygons at one-foot increments were developed from the survey data for

elevations 3,120.0 through 3,175.0.

A 2005 land survey was performed on the Cheyenne River reach in the upper reservoir to

measure the sediment delta formation. This area was not accessible during the 2004 underwater

survey due to shallow water or dry conditions. The data from the 2005 survey was used to adjust

the Reclamation 3j75 contour and to project the surface area loss since the original areas were

measured for contours 3,180. Since no complete reservoir aerial data was collected, this study

assumed no change in reservoir surface area since the 1979 survey for elevation 3,187.2 and

above. The reservoir contour topography at 2-foot intervals is presented on figures 4 through 8.

Development of 2004 Surface Areas

The 2004 TIN generated surface areas for Angostura Reservoir were computed at 1-foot

increments from elevation 3,120.0 to 3,175.0. The 2004 underwater survey measured a

minimum reservoir bottom elevation of 3,119.6. These calculations were performed using the

ARC/INFO VOLUME command. This command computes areas at user-specified elevations

directly from the TIN and takes into consideration all regions of equal elevation. For the purpose

of this study, the measured 2004 survey areas at 2-foot and 5-foot increments from elevation

3,120.0 through 3,175.0 were used to compute the new area and capacity tables. Using

ARC/INFO edit tools, the 3,175 contour was adjusted in the upper end of the reach, within some

of the reservoir coves and along the shores, using the Reclamation and USGS quad contours, the

2004 bathymetry, and the 2005 land survey data as a guide. This study assumed no change in

surface area, since the 1979-86 survey, from elevation 3,187.2 and above. The surface area at

elevation 3,180 was interpolated using the limited 2005 land survey data that provided adequate

information for developing this contour in the upper end of the reservoir. There was not enough

data for computer development of the 3,175 and 3,180 contours in the lower reservoir. As noted

previously, the 2005 surface area elevations for range lines 7, 7A, and 8 did not differ

significantly since the 1979 survey. The only accurate means to develop contours and resulting

surface areas at elevation 3,175 and above would be by an aerial survey. The 2005 data did

allow projection of contours 3,175 and 3,180 in the upper reservoir area by assuming no change

of these contours for the rest of the reservoir.

9
2004 Storage Capacity

The storage-elevation relationships based on the measured surface areas were developed using

the area-capacity computer program ACAP (Bureau ofReclamation, 1985). The 2004 surveyed

surface areas at 2- and 5-foot contour intervals from reservoir elevation 3,120.0 to elevation

3,175.0 were used as the control parameters for computing the 2004 Angostura Reservoir

capacity. Since this study collected only limited above water data, the interpolated survey area at

elevation 3,180 and the 1979-86 surface area at elevation 3,187.2 and at 5-foot increments for

elevation 3,190.0 and above were used to complete the area and capacity tables.

The ACAP program can compute an area and capacity at elevation increments 0.01- to 1.0-foot

by linear interpolation between the given contour surface areas. The program begins by testing

the initial capacity equation over successive intervals to ensure that the equation fits within an

allowable error limit. The error limit was set at 0.000001 for Angostura Reservoir. The capacity

equation is then used over the full range of intervals fitting within this allowable error limit. For

the first interval at which the initial allowable error limit is exceeded, a new capacity equation

(integrated from a basic area curve over that interval) is utilized until it exceeds the error limit.

Thus, the capacity curve is defined by a series of curves, each fitting a certain region of data. By

differentiating the capacity equations, which are of secotid order polynomial form, the final area

equations are derived:

y = a1 + a2x + a3x2

where: y = capacity

x = elevation above a reference base

a1 = intercept

a2 and a3 = coefficients

Results of the Angostura Reservoir area and capacity computations are listed in table 1 and

columns 12 and 13 of table 2. On table 2, columns 2 and 3 list the original area and capacity

values. Columns 4 and 5 list the 1965 surface areas and capacity values. Column 8 and 9 list the

1979-86 surface area and capacity values. A separate set of 2004 area and capacity tables has

been published for the 0.01, 0.1 and 1-foot elevation increments (Bureau of Reclamation 2004).

A description of the computations and coefficients output from the ACAP program is included

with those tables. The original, 1965, 1979-86, and 2004 area-capacity curves are plotted on

figure 9. As of May 2004, at conservation pool elevation 3,187.2, the surface area was 4,612

acres with a total capacity of 123,048 acre-feet.

RESERVOIR SEDIMENT ANALYSES

Figure 9 is a plot of Angostura Reservoir surface area and capacity for the original, 1965, 1979-

86, and 2004 computed values. The plots illustrate the differences between the surveys. Since

Angostura Dam closure in October of 1949, the measured total volume change at reservoir

elevation 3,187.2 was estimated to be 36,871 acre-feet. The estimated average annual rate of

10
capacity lost for this period (54.6 years) was 675.3 acre-feet per year. The storage loss in terms

of percent of original storage capacity was 23.0 percent at elevation 3,187.2. From table 1 and 2,

the 2004 study shows that of the total computed sediment, 49.0 percent or 18,062 acre-feet, has

accumulated in dead storage zone below elevation 3,139.75 with the rest accumulating in the

active storage areas of the reservoir.

It must be noted that the 2004 area and capacity tables were generated assuming no change since

the 1979-86 surveyed area and capacity from elevation 3,187.2 and above which in all

probability is not the case. It is assumed any loss due to sediment deposition above elevation

3,187.2 would not be significant, but the only means to measure this would be by an aerial

survey. As noted previously, the 2005 land survey did not measure significant changes in

average bottom elevation at range lines 7A, 7, and 8. Similar results were found during the 1979

range line survey for the range lines located upstream of range line 7 and 8. As illustrated on

figure 10 this is a typical reservoir sediment deposition profile where a pivot point of the

depositing delta is near the normal water surface of the reservoir that for Angostura Reservoir is

near elevation 3,180 (Bureau of Reclamation, 1982). The 1979 study developed a longitudinal

profile of the Cheyenne River that further illustrates this, figure 11. The 1965 and 1979 profile

comparison shows the face of the upper sediment delta pushing further downstream towards the

cLam. The 2005 data did not measure a significant change in average bottom elevation at range

line 7 and 8 since 1979, but the 2004 developed contours show the measure sediment delta

moving further downstream towards the dam.

c'u -

y_ -

Figure 10 - Typical sediment deposition profile.

The estimated 100 years of sediment accumulation for Angostura Reservoir was 170,000 acrefeet that computed to an annual loss of 1,700 acre-feet. The 170,000 acre-feet of estimated

sediment accumulation is greater than the original measured volume at conservation elevation

3,187.2, meaning a total loss of the original reservoir volume was projected. The 1965 study

measured a total sediment volume of2l,158 acre-feet that computed to an annual loss of 1,322

acre-feet. The measured volume of sediment accumulation from 1965 to 1979 was 7,993 acrefeet that computed to an average annual rate of 588 acre-feet. This was a significant reduction in

the average annual loss since the 1965 survey. This reduction in sediment yield from the

11
drainage basin was supported by a study made by the Wyoming District of the USGS on Lance

Creek that is a major tributary to Cheyenne River. The study compared the average discharge

and suspended sediment for two periods. The study attributed the reduced sediment discharge

from Lance Creek to a change in land use in the basin. The study concluded that due to fewer

domestic livestock grazing the basin, vegetation cover improved resulting in less sediment

runoff. The 2004 study measured a further reduction in the annual loss rate of 308.8 acre-feet.

Figure 11 - Longitudinal profiles of the Cheyenne River for the 1949, 65, and 79 surveys.

12
REFERENCES

American Society of Civil Engineers, 1962. Nomendature for Hydraulics, ASCE Headquarters,

New York.

Bureau of Reclamation, January 1967. Sedimentation Section of Denver Office, The 1965

Sedimentation Survey ofAngostura Reservoir, South Dakota, Denver, Colorado.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1981. ProjectData, Denver Office, Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1982. Reservoir Sedimentation, Sedimentation and River Hydraulics

Section by Robert I. Strand and Ernest L. Pemberton, Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, August 1983. Hydrology Branch of Denver Office by Joe M. Lara.

Angostura Reservoir 1979 Sedimentation Survey, Denver, Colorado.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1985. Surface Water Branch, ACAP85 User's Manual, Technical

Service Center, Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1987(a). Guidefor Preparation of Standing Operating Procedures for

Bureau ofReclamation Dams and Reservoirs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Denver, CO.

Bureau of Reclamation, 1987(b). Design ofSmall Dams, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Denver CO.

Bureau of Reclamation May 2004. Denver Office, Angostura Reservoir Area and Capacity

Tables, Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Project, Great Plains Region, Billings, MT.

Corps of Engineers, January 2002. Engineer and Design - Hydrographic Surveying,

EM 1110-2-1003, Department of the Army, Washington DC,

(www.usace.army.millinet/usace-docs/eng-manuals/em 1110-2-1 003/toc.htm).

Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESR1), 1992. ARC Command References.

Pemberton, E. L., Survey and Prediction of Sedimentation in Reservoirs, Application of

Stochastic Processes in Sediment Transport, Water Resources Publications, Denver, Colorado,

1980.

13
RESERVOIR SEDIMENT

DATA SUMMARY Angostura Reservoir

NAME OF RESERVOIR 1

DATA SHEET NO.

D 1. OWNER Bureau of Reclamation 2. STREAM Cheyenne River 3. STATE South Dakota

A 4. SEC. 20 TWP. OS RANGE 6 E S. NEAREST P.O. Hot Springs 6. COUNTY Fall River

N 7. LAT 43 20 35" LONG 103 26 16" 6. TOP OF DAM ELEVATION 3199.0 9. SPILLWAY CRES'D EL 3,157.21

F 10. STORAGE 11. ELEVATION 12. Original 13. Original 14.GROSS STORAGE 15. DATE

E ALLOCATION TOP OF POOL SURFACE AREA, AC CAPACITY, AF ACRE-FEET STORAGE

S BEGAN

E a. SUROD{RRGE 3,l98.l 5,797 57,785 217,700

R

b. FLOOD CONTROL _______________ ________________ _______________ V 0

o

C. POWER ______________

________________ 1 /03/49

d. JOINT USE _______________ ________________ ______________ ________________ 16. DATE

F e. CONSERVATION 3,187.2 4,841 90,655 159,919 NORMAL

f. INACTIVE 3,163.0 2,722 45,544 69,264 OPERATION

g. DEAD 3,139.75 1,251 23,720 23,720 1949

17. LENGTH OF RESERVOIR 17 MILES AVG. WIDTH OF RESERVOIR 0.44 MILES

B 18. TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA 9,100 SQUARE MILES 22. MEAN ANNUAL PRECIPITATION 17.5 INCHES

A 19. NET SEDIMENT CONTRIBUTING AREA 9, 100 SQUARE MILES 23. MEAN ANNUAL RUNOFF 0. 17 INCHES

20. LENGTH 184 MILES JUl. WIDTH 49.5 MILES 24. MEAN ANNEAL RUNOFF 81,SOO7 ACRE-FEET

___ 21. MAX. BLVATI ON 7165 MIN. ELEVATION 3065 25. ANNUAL TEMP. MEAN "48F RANGE -41"F to 112F6

S 26. DATE OF 27. 28. 29. TYPE OF 30. NO. OF 31. SURFACE 32. CAPACITY 33. C/I

U SURVEY PER. ACCL SURVEY RANGES OR AREA, AC. ACRE - FEET RATIO

R __________________ _______________ _________________________________________________

V 10/3/49 Contour (D) 5-ft 4,841"

__________________

159,919"

_______________

0.87

E 9/22/65 16.0 16.0 Range (B) 39 4,706 138,761 0.75

y 5/4/79 13.6 29.6 Range (B) 45 4,612 130,768 0.67

5/04 25.0 54.6 Contour (B) 2-ft 4,612 123,048 0.66

B 26. DATE OF 34. PERIOD 35. PERIOD WATER INFLOW, ACRE FEET WATER INFLOW TO DATE,

A SURVEY ANNUAL

T PRECIP. a. MEAN ANN. b. MAX. ANN. C. TOTAL

______________

a. MEAN ANN.

_____________

b. TOTAL

A

9/22/65 6-19 96,500 328,300 1,544,020 96,500 1,544,020

5/4/79 6-19 91,270" 282,218 1,185,689 94,128 2,729,709

5/04 74,000 234,300 1,850,000 81,500 4,579,700

26. DATE OF [ 37. PERIOD CAPACITY LOSS, ACRE-FEET 38. TOTAL SEDIMENT DEPOSITS TO DATE, AR

SURVEY ______________________-

[a. TOTAL b. Ày. ANN. C. /MI.2-YR.

______

1a. TOTAL

__________

(

b. AV. ANNUAL

______

C. /MI.-YR.

9/22/65 21,158 1,322.4 0.14 21,158 1,322.4 0.14

5/4/79 7,993 587.7 0.06 29,151 984.8 0.11

5/04 7,72010 308.8 0.034 36,871 675.3 0.074

26. DATE OF 39. Ày. DRY 40. SED. DSP. TONS/MI.2-YR. 41. STORAGE LOSS, POT. 42.

SURVEY NT. (/vr3) ______________________________

a.PERIOD j b.TOTALTO

____________

a.AV.

___________________

Jb.TOTALTO

_______

a. J

_______

b.

9/22/65 56.4 178 178 0.82710 13.215

5/4/79 0.616 18.2

5/04 0.422 23.0

26.

DATE

43. DEPTH DESIGNATION RANGE BY RESERVOIR ELEVATION

OF

STEVE

Y ____

3065-

3120

_____

3120-

3130

_____

3130-

3140

____

3140-

3150

____

3150-

3160

_____

3160-

3170

_____

3170-

3180

____

3180-

3187.

__________________

PERCENT OF TOTAL SEDIMENT LOCATED WITHIN DEPTH DESIGNATION

5/04 19.4 15.5 14.4 10.4 10.5 11.2 12.3 6.3

26.

DATE

44. REACH DESIGNATION PERCENT OF TOTAL ORIGINAL LENGTH OF RESERVOIR

OF

STJRVE

010 10-

20

20-

30

30-

40

40-

50

50-

60

60-

70

70-

80

80-

90

90-

100

100-

105

105-

110

110-

115

115-

120

120-

125

Y PERCENT OF TOTAL SEDIMENT LOCATED WITHIN REACH DESIGNATION

Table 1. - Reservoir sediment data summary (page 1 of 3).

14
45. RANGE IN RE$ERVOIR OPERATION3

YEAR MAX. ELEV. MIN. ELEV. INFLOW, AF YEAR MAX. ELEV. MIN. ELEV. INFLOW, AR

1952 3,197.1 - 72,800 1953 3182.5 3,173.8 55,800

1954 3,177.8 3,172.8 34,600 1955 3,187.4 3,172.5 143,500

1956 3,157.1 3,171.4 36,500 1957 3,187.9 3,170.1 145,600

1958 3187.4 3179.5 03,100 1959 3,180.7 3,167.4 28,100

1960 3173.1 3,162.9 21,600 1961 3,166.4 3,162.9 14,000

1962 3,189.0 3,163.6 399,400 1963 3,187.4 3,182.0 86,500

1964 3,187.3 3,178.7 38,800 1965 3,187.9 3,178.3 117,500

1966 3,187.3 3,182.6 58,100 1967 3,188.0 3,181.5 170,300

1968 3,187.6 3,180.8 61,100 1969 3,187.5 3,181.5 55,400

1970 3,187.2 3,176.9 24,000 1971 3,188.4 3,176.8 181,200

1972 3,187.3 3,178.5 44,300 1973 3,187.3 3,179.0 66,900

1974 3,157.3 3,174.8 37,600 1975 3,184.2 3,174.6 42,100

1976 3,182.1 3,174.6 38,400 1977 3,179.2 3,169.2 25,600

1978 3,189.4 3,170.3 282,100 1979 3,187.2 3,184.4 62,500

1980 3,187.2 3,176.8 35,800 1981 3,179.7 3,171.7 34,900

1982 3,187.2 3,171.7 94,800 1983 3,187.1 3,179.6 48,800

1984 3,187.2 3,178.3 97,600 1985 3,182.9 3,169.9 21,600

1986 3,187.6 3,170.1 125,100 1987 3,187.3 3,178.1 83,400

1988 3,181.1 3,169.2 17,300 1989 3,173.9 3,165.5 21,300

1990 3,175.0 3,167.7 29,900 1991 3,187.6 3,167.9 201,900

1992 3,183.2 3,174.9 18,500 1993 3,187.1 3,174.9 104,400

1994 3,187.0 3,175.9 58,000 1995 3,187.1 3,175.9 67,300

1996 3,187.2 3,177.9 75,000 1997 3,187.2 3,177.9 178,100

1998 3,187.1 3,183.6 61,000 1999 3,187.2 3,181.9 234,300

2000 3,187.3 3,176.7 109,500 2001 3,186.6 3,176.7 57,200

2002 3,184.6 3,173.7 16,600 2003 3,179.1 3,165.3 42,800

46. ELEVATION - AREA - CAPACITY DATA FOR Angoetura11

ELEVATION AREA CAPACITY ELEVATION AREA CAPACITY ELEVATION AREA CAPACITY

Oriqa1

3,065 0 0 3,070 16 42 3,075 18 128

3,080 22 230 3,085 38 373 3,090 77 659

3,095 99 1,097 3,100 152 1,723 3,105 193 2,553

3,110 266 3,725 3,115 340 5,236 3,120 441 7,167

3,125 630 9,825 3,130 835 13,482 3,135 1,065 18,235

3,139.75 1,251 23,720 3,145 1,580 31,118 3,150 1,840 39,669

3,155 2,170 49,677 3,160 2,520 61,401 3,163 2,722 69,264

3,170 3,245 90,082 3,175 3,720 107,474 3,180 4,210 127,307

3,185 4,650 149,471 3,187.2 4,841 159,919 3,190 5,080 173,804

3,195 5,490 200,213 3,198.1 5,797 217,700

1965 Survey

3,110 0 0 3,115 5 12 3,120 30 39

3,125 110 449 3,130 610 2,253 3,135 980 6,275

3,139.75 1,094 11,203 3,145 1,380 17,640 3,150 1,700 25,310

3,155 2,000 34,672 3,160 2,350 45,431 3,163 2,485 52,601

3,170 3,170 72,309 3,175 3,450 88,718 3,180 4,050 107,552

3,185 4,420 128,563 3,187.2 4,706 138,761 3,190 5,080 152,478

3,195 5,490 178,888 3,198.1 5,700 196,221

1979-86 Survey

3,115 0 0 3,120 3 7 3,125 69 187

3,130 275 1,047 3,135 889 3,957 3,139.75 1,065 8,601

3,145 1,275 14,737 3,150 1,517 21,717 3,155 1,998 30,505

3,160 2,288 41,220 3,163 2,449 48,325 3,170 2,892 66,950

3,175 3,317 82,472 3,180 3,861 100,417 3,185 4,340 130,920

3,187.2 4,612 130,768 3,190 4,959 144,167 3,195 5,529 170,386

3,198.1 5,883 188,072 3,199 6,002 193,421 3,200 6,135 199,489

Survey

3,119.6 0 0 3,125 37.3 47 3,130 196.0 613

3,135 515.7 2,329 3,139.75 838.4 5,658 3,145 1,198.4 10,940

3,150 1,474.4 17,642 3,155 1,775.0 25,736 3,160 2,136.9 35,526

3,163 2,314 42,205 3,170 2,789.9 60,058 3,175 3,262.9 75,126

3,180

3.190

3,797.0

4.959

92,775

136.447

3,185

3.195

4,363.0 113,175

162667

3,187.2

3.3.98.1

4,612

5R5

123,048

180S6

Table 1. - Reservoir sediment data summary (page 2 of 3).

15
47. REMARKS AND REFERENCES

Spillway creSt elevation. Top of gates elevation 3,187.2. All elevations in feet. Eased on original

project datum reported as NGVD2S.

Original values computed from 5foot Contours as listed in 1979 survey report.

Total of main streams at elevation 3,097.2.

From USGS water year records.

Bureau of Reclamation Project Data Book, 1981 and 1979 survey study report.

Calculated using mean annual computed inflow value of 81,500 AF, item 24, 1952 through 2004.

Annual computed inflows by Reclamation GP Regional Office. Water years from 1952 through 2004.

8

Surface area & capacity at elevation 3,187.2, top of active conservation, by indicated year.

Maximum arid minimum elevations and annual computed inflows by water year from 1952 through 2004

(Reclamation computed values and records)

18 All sediment computations are computed by comparing survey results with the original results at elevation

3,187.2. This assumed the original data is of a reliable accuracy. The 2004 survey assumed no chang

since the 1979 survey from elevation 3,187.2 and above. Computed storage loss is due to accuracy

differences between original and 2004 surveys and due to accumulation of sediment.

Capacities computed by Reclamation's ACAP computer program.

48. AGENCY MAKING SURVEY Bureau of Reclamation

49. AGENCY SUPPLYING DATA Bureau of Reclamation jDATE August 2005

Table 1. - Reservoir sedimeut data surrnary (page 3 of 3).

16
'

------

2

-

3

-

4

--- -

5

--

6

---

7

-

8

----

9 10

-

j 79_

11 12

_ _L

13 14 15 16

---------

T

- ---- r

- ---- --

[Computed 1965 1

-

Total 1979-86 Sediment Percent

-JElevation

Original

Survey

Original

Capacity

1965

Survey

1965 J

Survey

Sediment

Volume

f Percent

Computed

197986J

Survey

197986 Sediment

Survey Volume

Percent ff

Computed

2O4

Survey

2004

Survey

Volume

original Sediment Reservoir

Acres Acres Ac-Ft Ac-Ft Sediment pcres Ac-Ft Ac-Ft Sedim Acres Ac-Ft Ac-Ft

_

th

i_i__ - iiii:I iii i: i _Ii i iiiii:ii- --I:- I 1I III 11_ iiliii i iiiiii

31981 5797

_

217700

_

5790

_

196221 21479 5883 l88072 29628 5883.0 18C356

__

37344

-

100.0

3195 5490 - 200213 5490 178888 21325 5529 170386 29827 5529.0 162667 37546 1

3190 5080 173804 5080 152478 21326 4959 144l67 29637 ____________

4959.0 136447 37357 F 93.9

3187.2 4841 159919 4706 138761 21158 4612 130768 29151 100.0 4612.0 123048 1i00 91.8

3185 4650 149471 4420 128563 20908 -

98.8 4340 120920 28551 97.9 4363.0 _____

113175 36296 1 98.4 90.2

3180 4210 127307 4050 107552 19755 93. 3861 100417 26890 92.2 3797.0 _____

92775 86.4

3175 3720 107474 3450 88718 18756 88.6 _3317 82472 25002 85.8 3262.9 ______

75126 32348 87.7 82.6

3170 3245 90082 3170 72309 17773 84.0 2892 66950 23132 79.4 2789.9 60058 30024 81.4 78.9

3165 2860 74854 2600 57765 17089 80.8 2556 53330 21524 73.8 2442.8 ______

46955 27899 75.7 75.1

3163 2722 69264 2485 52601 16663 78.8 2449 48325 ______

20939 71.8 2314.0 42205 27059 73.4 73.6

3160 2520 61401 2350 45431 15970 75.5 2288 41220 20181 69.2 2136.9 35528 25873 70.2 71.4

3155 2170 49677 2000 34672 15005 70.9 1998 30505 19172 65.8 1775.0 25736 23941 64.9 67.6

3150 1840 39669 1700 25310 14359 67.9 1517 21717 _____

17952 61.6 1474.4 17642 22027 59.7 63.9

3145 1580 31118 1380 17640 13478 63.7 1275 14737 16381 56.2 1198.4 10940 20178 54.7 60.1

3140 1260 24030 1100 11484 12546 59.3 1074 8865 15165 52.0 855.4 5871 18159 49.3 56.3

3139.75 1251 23720 1094 11203 12517 59.2 1065 8598 15122 51.9 838.4 _____

5658 18062 ________

49.0 56.2

3135 1065 18235 980 6275 11960 56.5 889 3957 14278 49.0 515.7 2329 15906 43.1 52.6

3130 835 13482 610 2253 11229 53.1 275 1047 12435 42.7 196.0 613 12869 34.9 48.8

3125 630 9825 110 488 9337 44.1 69 187 _____

9638 33.1 37.3 47 9778 26.5 45.1

3120 441 7167 30 39 7128 33.7 3 7 7160 24.6 0.2 0 7167 19.4 41.3

3115 340 5236 5 12 5224 24.7 0 0 5236 18.0 0.0 0 5236 14.2 37.6

3110 266 3725 0 0 3725 17.6 0 0 3725 12.8 0.0 0 3725 10.1 33.8

3105 193 2583 0 0 2583 12.2 0 0 ______

2583 8.9 0.0 0 2583 7.0 30.1

3100 152 1723 0 0 1723 8.1 0 0 1723 5.9 0.0 0 l723 4.7 26.3

3095 99 1097 0 0 1097 5.2 0 0 _____ _fJ_ _____

3.8 0.0 0 1097 3.0 22.5

3090 77 659 0 0 659 3.1 0 0 659 2.3 0.0 0 659 1.8

______

18.9

3085 38 373 0 0 373 1.8 0 0 373 1.3 0.0 _____

0 373 1.0 15.0

3080 22 230 0 0 230 1.1 0 0 230 0.8 0.0 0 230 0.6 11.3

3075 18 128 0 ______ 0 128 0.6 0 0 ______

128 _____0.4 0.0 0 128 0.3 7.5

3070 16 42 0 0 ________ 42 0.2 _____ 0 0 42 0.1 0.0 0 42 0.1 3.9

3065 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1 Elevation of reservoir water surface.

2 reservoir surface areas. Original I ___________ _____ _________ ______ _____

3

_

Original reservoir capacity computed using ACAP.

___________ ______

4

_

1965 measured reservoir surface area.

5 1965 reservoir capacity.

_____ _____ _____ _______ _____ _____ ______ _____ _______

6 1965 computed sediment volume, column (3) - column(S)._____ ___j__

7 1965 measured sediment in percentage of total sediment, 21,158 acre-feet. by elevation. _____ ______ _____

_

8 1979-86 measured reservoir surface area. Areas for elevation 3,198 and above from 1986 aerial survey.

9

_ -

L

1979-86 reservoir capacity. _______ ________ _____ --

____ _____

1979-86_measured sediment volume column (3)-column (9) .

______ _____

- -

11

12

13

14

1979-86 measured sediment in percentage of total sediment, 29i5i acre-feet, by elevation.

____ _____ __1

2004 measured reservoir surface area. Study assume no change since 1979 from elevation 3,187.2 and above.

2004 reservoir capacity computed using AC ___ ___

2004 computed sediment volume, column (3) -column(13).t iir- I

15

_

Measured sediment in percentage my elevation from original to 2004. Total sediment volume_of 36,871 acre - feet.

_____

I

16

___

Depth of reservoir expressed in percentage of total depth (131.1), from maximum water surface.

17

Table 2. - Summary of 2004 survey results
Report of Water AnalysIs

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Dakotas Area Office

Water & Soil Laboratory

Bismarck, North Dakota

_

3/9/2005

Study Area: Angostura Reservoir I Cheyenne River, SD

Project: Angostura Reservoir / Cheyenne River, SD

Laboratory Number

Site ID:

Quality Control

Date Collected:

Time Collected:

Reid Data

Water Temperture (C)

EC © 25C (mmhos/cm)

pH

Dissolved Oxygen (mg/I)

% Dissolved Oxygen (Sat)

Salinity (P55)

ORP (MV)

Turbidity (FTU)

Secchi Disk Reading (meters)

Sample Depth (Inches)

2400641 2400642 2400643 2400644 2400645 2400646 2400647 2400648 2400649 2400650

CR1 Top CR1 Bot CR2 Top CR2 Bot HHR1 Top HHR1 Bot HHR2 Top HHR2 Bot Dam I Top Dam 1 Bat

5/12I2004 5/12/2004 5/12/2004 5/12/2004 5/1212004 5/1212004 5/12/2004 {

5fl2/2004 5/10/2004 5/10/2004

1-4 4-131/4 1-4 4-13112 1-4 4-111/2 1-4 4-9 1-4 4-261/4

I to 4 Soil I Water Digest Data

Major Calllons

Calcium (mg/I)

Magnesium (mg/I)

Potassium (mg/I)

odium

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

142.2 110.6 91.8 57.8 f 43.2 49.8 23.6 23.2 296.0 150.8

33.6 28.4 25.8 20.6 I 12.6 9.2 6.2 5.8 69.4 42.6

12.2 12.6 14.4 12.2 J 8.6 12.4 9.8 13.0 19.2 16.0

(mg/i) 67.2 62.6 69.8 74.4 L 60.2 47.8 50.8 42.8 113.6 91.0

Major Anions

AUcalinity (as CaCO3) (mg/I)

Chloride (mg/i)

Sulfate (mg/I)

Nulrlents

knmonia(NH3-N) (mg/I)

Nltrate+Nitrite(N03-N) (mg/i)

Nltiite (NO2-N) (mg/i)

tho-Phosphate (P)

-

__________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ ___________

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

(mg/i)

_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ________

calculated Values

Total Dissolved Solids (mg/i)

Sodium Adsorption Ratio

Hardness as rag CaCO3/l

Cation/Anion Balance (%)

Direct Soil Digest Values

TotalPfiosphate(P) (ug/g)

(method SM4500-P-F)

TKN(N) (ug/g)

(method SM4500-N-BINH3-E)

Mercury (ug/g)

(EPA Method 7471) (RL = .04)

[ 123.1 99.9 110.1 118.0 3.4.5 26.9 21.9 16.4 131.1 90.4

32.8 31.0 43.1 59.8 23.7 19.2 16.4 13,4 75.0 67.4

486.6 418.9 361.5 247.4 248.3 229.1 169.1 157.7 1015.0 546.6

2.47 3,20 5.53 5.52 I 0.12 <0.1 0,63 1.62 2.12 5.50 -

0.28 035 0.32 0.25 J 0.28 0.32 1.00 0.37 0.25 0.12

0.25 0.19 0.18 0.15 J 0.05 0.14 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.04

0.02 <.01 <.01 0.02 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 0.03 0.04

851.3 727.5 678.3 548.8 I

417.7 384.0 290.6 267.8 1669.2 r 974.2

1.3 1.4 1.7 2.1 I

2.1 1.6 2.4 2.1 1.5 [ 1.7

L 493.4 393.1 335.5 229.2 I

159.8 12.2 84.5 81.8 1024.9 1 552.0

-1.0 -2.1 -2.2 -3.9 -4.0 -2.0 -3.4 -0.8 0.3 f

2.2

I 564 I 547 I 645 I 588 I 744 I 918 780 I 778 I 647 J 513"]

1111 1087 1241 J 1118 1978 j 1749 1429 J 1039 1919 1124 I

I 0.062 I 0.052 I 0.040 0.042 I 0.119 I 0.013 I 0.069 1 0.040 I 0.041 I 0.063 1

Table 3. - Summary of sediment sample analyses for 20CJ4 suivey (1 of 4).

19
Report of Water Analysis

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Dakotas Area Office

Water & Soil Laboratory

Bismarck, North Dakota

3/9/2005

Study Area: Angostura Reservoir I Cheyenne River, SD

Project: Angostura Reservoir / Cheyenne River. SD

Laboratory Number

Site ID:

Quality Control

Date Collected:

Time Collected:

Field Data

Water Temperture (C)

EC @ 25C (mmhos/crn)

pH

DIssolved Oxygen (mg/I)

% Dissolved Oxygen (Sat)

Salinity (PSS)

ORP (MV)

Turbidity (FTU)

Secchi Disk Reading (meters)

Sample Depth (Inches)

2400651 2400652 2400653 2400654

Dam 2 Top Dam 2 Bot Dam 1 Bot Blank

DUP Blank

lto4SoilI Water Digest Data

'-WICaum (mg/I)

MagnesIum (mg/I)

Potassium (mg/i)

Sodium (mg/i)

Major Anions

Alkalinity (as CaCO3) (mg/I)

Chloride (mg/i)

Sulfate (mg/I)

Nun

Ammonia (NH3-N) (mg/I)

Nltrate+Nttrite(N03-N) (mg/I)

Nitrite (N02-N) (mg/I)

Ortho-Phosphate (P) (mg/I)

Calculated Values

Total Dissolved Solids (mg/I)

Sodium Adsorption Ratio

Hardness as mg CaCO3/l

Cation/Anion Balance (%)

Direct Soil Digest Values

318.0 141.0 142.2 0.6 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________

82.8 38.8 39.8 <0.1

__________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________

21.4 17.4 15.4 <0.2

_________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________

132.0 103.4 90.6 0.4

_________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________

4.06 5.95 5.49 0.13 _________ _________ _________ _________ _________

0.15 0.15 0.12 <0.1

_________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________

0.03 0.03 0.03 <.02

_________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________

0.04 0.03 0.02 <.01

_________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________

Total Phosphate (P) (ug/g) I 766 I 547 I 541 I I I I

(rrethod 5M4500-P-F)

TKN(N) (ug/g) L2404 I 1429 111061 I I I I

-

SM450WNH3E)

Mercury (ug/g) I 0.041 I 0057 I 0.083 I I I I I I I.

(EPA Method 7471) (RL = .04)

Table 4. - Summary of sediment sample analyses for 2004 survey (2 of 4).

20
Report of Water Analysis

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Dflkótás Area Office

Water & Soil Laboratory

Blsmarck, North Dakota

3/9/2005

Study Area:

Project Classification:

Sampling Dates:

Lab#

2400641

240084

2400641

2400644

240084t

240064P

240084'

240084t

240064

24006&

2400651

2400852

240065?

2400654

O4 ffl A..

Angostura Reservoir / Cheyenne River, SD

Angostura Reservoir / Cheyenne River, SD

5/12/2004 Trace Metal Report (Ito 4 Soil! Water Digest)

Ail vakie in Parts Per Billion (up/i)

Al A 0 0.. 0... t%.1 I-'.. tS.. •-.. .. - .. -.. -. - -

QRI Tpp j Z2P .5.j _QL $i Ji $Q. . iL. $4_ 1Th9!P.

_M

_ L Jt

L

4!

._.!j_

±L i

_!!

CftI Sot 1L9 i -° 5.L M L A i i!2

. ..

4

CR2 Top _$j j) 4. J.Q L ..5.

- -

4

CR2 Bot _ j _j 240.0 2400 5L __54._ ii $0. ..5Q. J!!LQ IL .i .22 L

-

!i

_ _ -

t0

lIHRI Top <.4 33Z4 <4 99 .2 L .QL .L _1Q .QP Q. i22Q _OL ..5i. 4

_ .

!4

.

HHR1 Bpt 5j .. p60.0 5 2.6 4_ _4 - 4_ <4 _zg_

_

<4 <4

-_

<4 <4

HHR2 Top <A 156.6 <4 260.0 <200 <.4 L <4 <4 100 2000 <50 3800) 5j j <4 9500 <4 <4 1200

HHR2 Sot 4.. j <4 <200 <A 20 15 4_ Q _ Q 980.0 <4 612 <4 Q <4 <4 7420 <4 <4 240

Dam I Top <.4 <20 <4 260.0 300.0 <.4 1.8 5.4 <4 16.0 <50 120 40600 59$ 26.4 <4 392000 <4 86 6340 <4 <4 39.6

Darn I Bot c4 222 360 <.4 2.4 <4 <4 <50 <50 4400 42$ 9.4 <4 236000 <4 5$ 1840 <4 <4 32.4

Dam 2 Top <A - <4 j9 301)0 <4 - 52 202 <50 820 4220O 6t8 312 <4 456000 <4 84 6000 <4 <4 50.6

D3m2 Sot <A <20 <4 Q L J ...L .J!Q .5P. .9g.QP. I i& .4... L I :a

pm I Sot jj .9g_ 4_ _ 43.6 9.6 <4 230000 <4

_

58 j

_ .

<4 <4 346

Blank, <.4 <20 <4 <50 <200 <4 <A <4 <4 <4 <50 <50 <100 <4 <4 <4 <2000 <4 <4 <1000 <4 <4 96

Reportinglimit L&.L2oi415o12oo1t41o,4i4E4 141 ..L.JIJ0(il0[4 141 4120001 4JJlOOOJJJ

Table 5. - Summary of sediment san1e analyses for 2004 survey (3 of 4).
Report of Water Analysis

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Dakotas Area Office

Water & Soil Laboratory

Bismarck, North Dakota

3/9/2005

Study Area: Angostura Reservoir / Cheyenne River, SD

Project Classification: Angostura Reservoir / Cheyenne River, SD

Sampling Dates: 5/12/2004 Trace Metal Report (ito 4 Soil I Water Digest; Reported on Dry Weight Basis)

Alt values in Parts Per MIllIon (ug/g or mg/kg)

Lab # If) An Al As B Ba Be Cd Co Cr Cu Fe Li Mn Mo NI Pb S Sb Se SI TI V Zn Ca Mg Na K

2400641 __________

2400642 __________

2400643 __________

2400844 __________

2400645 __________

2400646 __________

2400647 __________

2400848 __________

2400849 __________

2400650 __________

2400851 _________

2400682 __________

2400653 _________

2400654

CR1 Top <002 0.255 c018 (800 0. $ 9 c016 c016 (042 <.2 <2 2.480 0135 (051 c016 704.0 c016 046 1952 c016 c016 0163 568k 134.4 2888 48

CR1 Rot <.002 0.308 <.016 0.536 0.960 <.002 0.002 <.016 <.018 0.026 <.2 <.2 1.440 0.133 0.027 <.016 592.0 <.018 0.028 12.32 <.016 <016 0.190 442,4 113.6 250.4 50.4

CR2 Top c002 0180 <016 1040 1040 0.002 <016 <2 <2 1.440 0269 (046 c016 54&0 c018 016 11.44 <016 c016 0120 3672 1032 2792 57

CR2 Rot c002 (3O3 c016 0$60 (96O c002 C002 <.016 0.034 <.2 <2 0720 0.258 <C)16 3968 j8 i! 12.40 <.0Th 0127 2312 ± iL

HHRI Top <.002 1.330 jj <.8 <.002 <.018 (052 1.200 <.2 0.400 0M25 C026 <.016 34(L0 <.018 9 3816 <016 <.016 0169 1728 5414 240.8 34.4

HHRI Rot <.002 0.398 <.016 1.040 <.8 <.002 0.010 <.018 <.018 0,034 <.2 <.2 2.160 <.016 0.042 <.018 297.6 <.018 <.016 32.56 <.016 <.016 0.305 177.6 36.8 185.6 44.8

HHR2 Top <.002 0628 <016 1.040 <8 <.002 0.015 <.016 <.018 41040 41800 <.2 1.4.40 <016 41078 <.016 22410 <016 <.016 38.80 <016 <.016 0.480 86.4 248 1984 352

14HR2 Rot <002 0.410 <.016 0.800 <.8 <.002 0.083 0.063 <.018 0.036 <.2 0.200 3.920 <.016 0.245 <.018 228.8 <.018 <.018 29,68 <.016 <.016 0.960 92.8 23.2 171.2 52.0

Dam 1 Top <002 <08 <018 1040 j 0022 16.240 41238 0106 <.018 1568.8 <.016 0.035 2536 <.016 <.016 0158 <.4 277.6 454.4 7792

Dam 1 Rot <.002 0.089 <.018 0,298 1.440 <.002 0.010 <.016 <.016 0.034 <.2 <.2 1.760 0.168 0.038 <.016 844.0 <.016 0.022 7.36 <.016 <.016 0.130 603.2 170.4 364.0 64.0

Dam 2 Top <002 0097 <016 0528 1200 <002 0.009 0.021 0.016 0.081 <2 8 188O 4Z 0125 <.016 1824.0 <.016 0.034 24.80 <016 <.016 0.203 1272.0 331.2 528.8 85.6

Darn2Bot <.002 <.08 <.016 0.344 1.600 <.002 0.008 <.016 <.018 0.060 <.2 <.2 3.600 0.257 0.053 <.016 1008.0 <.016 0.022 10.24 <.018 <.016 0.141 <.4 155.2 413.6 69.6

Dam I Rot <002 0.126 <.018 0.360 1.440 <.002 0.002 <.016 <.016 0.037 <.2 <.2 1.520 0.174 0.038 <018 920.0 <.016 0.023 7.44 <.016 <.016 0.138 568.8 159.2 362.4 61.6

Blank <.002 <.08 <.018 <.2 <.8 <.002 <.002 <.016 <.016 <.018 <.2 <.2 <.4 <.016 <.018 <.018 <8 <.016 <.016 <4 <016 <.016 0.038 <.4 <.4 1.6 <.8

ReportlngLlmlt 1o.ool O.08010.00810.2001 0.80010.o0210.0021 0.0181 0.01610.0161 0ZO,.1OZ,LQ.4o0,,IQ.Q6I0.016l0.016I 8.0 TeI 0.0161 4.00 0.016l0.O'J.016T 0.4 I 0.4 04 I 0.8 I

Table 6. - Summary of sediment sample analyses for 2004 survey (4 of 4).
380000±

ir/

,

/

///)

--.-

-

Vi 2

I

I

I

375000 -

N

T E

S

v iw isa'

ttV

Horizontal datum based on South

Dakotas State Plane Coordlyate

System. East Zone. (NADB3)

Vertical datum based on original

project datum established by U S

Bureau of Reclamation which is

reported to be tied to the National

Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (FdGVO2VI

23

Figure 4. - Angostura Reservoir topographic map, No 1.
J

\

;(S\;Y

\

,J N

(A

- / Vc

§ MI

,' i 11 _________________ I(\(// ,- Location I -

J

j ) J

_________

25

Figure 5. - Angostura Reservoir topographic map, No. 2.
'

S.

'

S.

S."."

N

w E

S

feel -

Sb? IdV 1 Sb?

$bair IiW

Horizontal datum based on South

Dakotas State Plane Coordinate

SyStem. East Zone. 1NADB3

Vertical datoni based sri original

orsiect datum established by U

Bureau of Reclamation which is

reported to be tied to he Natondl

Geodetic Vertical Datum of Idyg (NGVD2SI

Denvei, Co/occOc P400 /0, 0005 I

1..__ A__.__ri__ - - r

27

1'JLULQ '1⁄4S1 V(J11 LUpU,tdi)IUi. uiaji, 141.). J.
N

w E

S

F,.,

S

14W IS's

5e.1 1.BW

44

S

S

Horizontal datum based on South

Dakotan State Plane Coordinate

System. East Zone, (FIADB3)

vertical datum based Oh oriBinal

project datum established by U S

Bureau of Reclamation which is

reported to be tied to the National

Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1S29 (NGVD2SI

29

/0

riguic /. -i-tiigusLura xwscrvoir iopograpmc map, INO.'
N

w E

S

1,../

0 / f,5Y

Seah. L

._ocation

Horizontal datum based on South

Dakota's State Pfaoe Coordinate S System, East Zone, (50583)

-

' Ver'tita) datum based sir oribroal (

Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1928 NGVO2V)

/

/

P/2OAVMJ5,88P/ BASYi WCT

- - = AWOS)Z4 0IT - JTIII24VTA

/ A4tVS7Z,4 IfSEWt/,9

/

[AVA/ [[OW/CAL APPROVAL

C1/[CROD 81 APPROVED 31

Figure 8. - Angostura Reservoir topographic map, No. 5.
Area-Capacity Curves for Angostura Reservoir

Area (acres)

5900 5310 4720 4130 3540 2950 2360 1770

3200

3180

3160

c 3140

3120

3100

3080

3060

0

1180 590

-

'T

--

_________ _____ _______ - 2004 - -------

- - - - 1 979-86

-----1965

----OriginaI

0

3200

3180

3160

3140

3120

3100

3080

____________ ________________________ I I I III I r - -- 3060

22000 44000 66000 88000 110000 132000 154000 176000 198000 220000

Capacity (acre-feet)

Figure 9.- 2004 area and capacity curves.