Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and

Other Drug Abuse

Treatment for

Adults in the

Criminal

Justice System

KAP Keys

For Clinicians

CSAT’s

Knowledge Application Program

KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse

Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice

System

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Center for Substance Abuse Treatment

www.samhsa.gov
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults

in the Criminal Justice System

These KAP Keys were developed to accompany the Treatment

Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series published by the Center for

Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), Substance Abuse and

Mental Health Services Administration. These KAP Keys are

based entirely on TIP 17 and are designed to meet the needs

of the busy clinician for concise, easily accessed "how-to" information.

For more information on the topics in these KAP Keys, readers

are referred to TIP 17.

Introduction

TIP 7, Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug

Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System (1994)

BKD138

TIP 12, Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With

Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice

System (1994) BKD144

TIP 21, Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment

With Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System (1995)

BKD169

TIP 23, Treatment Drug Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse

Treatment With Legal Case Processing (1996) BKD205

TIP 30, Continuity of Offender Treatment for Substance Use

Disorders (1998) BKD304

Other Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs)

that are relevant to these KAP Keys:
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for

Adults in the Criminal Justice System

A model treatment program includes

• Assessment, including a medical examination, drug use history, psychosocial evaluation, and where warranted a psychiatric evaluation, as well as a review of socioeconomic factors

and eligibility for public health, welfare, employment, and

educational assistance programs.

• Same-day intake to retain the patient's involvement and

interest in treatment.

• Documentation of findings and treatment to enhance clinical case supervision.

• Preventive and primary medical care provided onsite.

• Testing for infectious diseases at intake and at intervals

throughout treatment, for infectious diseases such as hepatitis, retrovirus, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea,

and other sexually transmitted diseases.

• Weekly random drug testing to ensure abstinence and compliance with treatment.

• Pharmacotherapeutic interventions by qualified medical

practitioners, as appropriate for those patients having mental health disorders, those addicted to opiates, and HIVseropositive individuals.

• Group counseling interventions to address the unique emotional, physical, and social problems of HIV/AIDS patients.

• Basic substance abuse counseling, including psychological

counseling, psychiatric counseling, and family or collateral

counseling provided by persons certified by State authorities

to provide such services. Staff training and education are

integral to a successful treatment program.

• Practical life skills counseling, including vocational and

educational counseling and training, frequently available

through linkages with specialized programs.

• General health education, including nutrition, sex and family

planning, and HIV/AIDS counseling, with an emphasis on

contraception counseling for adolescents and women.

• Peer/support groups, particularly for those who are HIV-positive or who have been victims of rape or sexual abuse.

• Liaison services with immigration, legal aid, and criminal

justice system authorities.

• Social and athletic activities to retrain patients' perceptions

of social interaction.

Center for Substance Abuse Treatment Model for

Comprehensive Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment

Continued on Back

1
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults

in the Criminal Justice System

• Alternative housing for homeless patients or for those

whose living situations are conducive to maintaining the

addicted life-style.

• Relapse prevention, which combines aftercare and support

programs such as the self-help groups Alcoholics Anonymous

and Narcotics Anonymous, within an individualized plan to

identify, stabilize, and control the stressors that trigger and

promote relapse to substance abuse.

• Outcome evaluation to enable refinement and improvement

of service delivery.
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for

Adults in the Criminal Justice System

Arraignment: The technical term signifying presentation of the

charges to the defendant. In many jurisdictions the term

"arraignment" is reserved in felony cases for the presentation of charges in the superior court.

Arrest: Holding in legal custody, either at the scene of a crime

or as a result of investigations. Arrest could also be the

result of a complaint filed by a third party, an outstanding

warrant, or a revocation of probation or parole.

Intermediate sanctions: Any sanction that is more rigorous

(unpleasant, intrusive, controlling) than traditional probation

but less restrictive than total incarceration.

Jail: To hold a person in lawful custody, usually while he or she

is awaiting trial. In some jurisdictions, jails are used punitively for offenders serving short-term sentences or sentences to

work release or weekends in jail.

Parole: Process of being released from prison before the completion of a sentence. Parole involves supervision and other

stipulations and prohibitions on certain activities imposed by

a board of parole.

Plea Bargain: Situation where defendants are allowed to plead

guilty to lesser charges than the charges that they would

have to face in a trial. Once the guilty plea is entered, it is up

to the judge to determine the sentence.

Presentencing: The period after a guilty plea is entered (in

cases that are plea bargained) or after a conviction is handed down (in cases that go to trial).

Prison: Secure institution in which offenders are confined after

sentencing for crimes. Prisons are classified as minimum,

medium, or maximum security facilities, based on the need

for internal institutional fortification. Inmates are similarly

classified, by severity of offense and/or other behavior, and

are usually assigned to prisons having a corresponding level

of security.

Probation: Sentence of community-based supervision.

Probation includes stipulations and prohibitions on certain

activities and often includes fines imposed by the court at

the time of sentencing.

Sanctions: Legally binding orders of the court or paroling

authority that deprive or restrict offender liberty or property.

Sentencing: The disposition of a case in which penalties are

imposed.

Definitions (CJ treatment

planning chart)

2
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for

Adults in the Criminal Justice System

Training Materials

Since the late 1980s, CSAT has provided technical assistance

to States seeking to establish cross-training programs. Early

efforts focused on training probation officers and treatment

staff. More recent efforts have focused on creating multidisciplinary teams of staff from a spectrum of the systems that collaborate to engage and retain offenders in treatment.

Many of the Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs) in this

series can be used or adapted for use in training staff in both

systems. For example:

TIP 9, Assessment and Treatment of Patients With Coexisting

Mental Illness and Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse

This TIP has a chapter on identifying and treating persons with

personality disorders, including antisocial personality disorder,

which is a common disorder among offenders. The TIP provides materials for helping people with this disorder identify

dysfunctional thinking and response patterns and work effectively in 12-Step programs.

TIP 19, Detoxification From Alcohol and Other Drugs

This TIP can be used to give staff a broad understanding of

this step, which is the first in the treatment process for many

persons. Intensive outpatient treatment may provide an appropriate community-based level of care for many nonviolent

offenders.

TIP 8, Intensive Outpatient Treatment for Alcohol and Other

Drug Abuse 

This TIP provides another approach to care for nonviolent

offenders.

TIP 2, Pregnant Substance-Abusing Women

TIP 11, Simple Screening Instruments for Outreach for Alcohol

and Other Drug Abuse and Infectious Diseases 

TIP 15, Treatment for HIV-Infected Alcohol and Other Drug

Abusers

These TIPs all contain material especially relevant for work with

offender populations. 

3

Continued on Back
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults

in the Criminal Justice System

TIP 1, State Methadone Treatment Guidelines

TIP 20, Matching Treatment to Patient Needs in Opioid

Substitution Therapy

TIP 22, LAAM in the Treatment of Opiate Addiction

Many persons in the justice system have a poor understanding

of treatment with methadone or LAAM, and these three TIPs

describe current practices in this area.

TIP 7, Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug

Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System

TIP 12, Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With

Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice

System

TIP 23, Treatment Drug Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse

Treatment With Legal Case Processing

TIP 21, Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment

With Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System

These four TIPs address efforts to link the treatment and criminal justice systems and would be especially useful in training

treatment staff in justice system issues.
KAP KEYS Based on TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for

Adults in the Criminal Justice System

Coordinated Training

To effectively administer substance abuse treatment within the

criminal justice system, staff in both systems should receive

cross-training at every stage of the criminal justice continuum. 

Some issues for systems that serve criminal justice clients

include

• Counseling staff should have specialized training about the

multiple needs of offenders.

• Substance abuse treatment staff must be trained in the

legal mandates and responsibilities imposed by the criminal

justice system.

• Judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys need to update

their information about community treatment programs and

resources to refer defendants and offenders for treatment.

• Training for probation and parole officials should emphasize

relapse prevention and management.

4
Easy Ways to Obtain Free Copies 

of All TIP Products

1. Call SAMHSA's National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and

Drug Information (NCADI) at 800-729-6686, 

TDD (hearing impaired) 800-487-4889.

2. Visit CSAT's Website at www.csat.samhsa.gov

Do not reproduce or distribute this publication for a fee without specific, written authorization from the Office of

Communications, Substance Abuse and Mental Health

Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services.

Ordering Information

TIP 17

Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug

Abuse Treatment for Adults in the

Criminal Justice System

DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 01-3570

Printed 2001