Executive Summary

A new information source, the Local

Employment Dynamics (LED) program for

Colorado, shows:

• The workforce is aging. From 1994

through 2002, an increasing percentage of the workforce was 45 years and

older. The proportion of people 65

years and older who continue working

has also increased, but slightly.

• Industries in which more than 1-in-5

workers were 55 years and older in

2002 include: local/suburban transit,

membership organizations, educational

services, real estate, and insurance

agents/brokers.

• An example of an industry with a high

turnover rate for workers 55 years and

older is the local and suburban transit

industry.

• An example of an industry with a low

turnover rate for older workers is the

rubber and plastics industry.

• Industries where workers 65 years and

over are most likely to be employed

include the service industries of eating

and drinking places, business services,

and health services. Construction—

special trade is also an important

source of work for the oldest workers.

• On average, in 2002, for workers 65

years and over, 5,950 jobs were created and nearly 7,311 were lost. 

• Of the industries that employed more

than 1,500 workers 65 years and older,

the highest paying was engineering,

accounting, and research ($3,528 a

month). The industry with the highest

average monthly earnings in 2002 for

workers 65 years and older was holdings and other investment offices

($4,855), but the number of such

workers was only 139.

Introduction

A large wave of workers born during the

Baby Boom of 1946 to 1964 will be leaving the workforce over the next few

decades. A larger share than in past generations may "retire" to collect the pensions they earned over their work life and

then continue working part-time or in

more flexible working arrangements.1

Decision makers are looking at the economic and policy implications for a wide

range of programs and institutions,

including Social Security and Medicare;

financial markets; the housing market;

and recreation, transportation, and healthcare systems.

What the workforce of the future looks

like will depend on many factors. This

report focuses on one possible scenario

that some scholars consider to be reasonable. It assumes that Baby Boomers replicate the retirement behavior of previous

generations and that immigrant workers

U.S.Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Issued January 2005

LED/OW-CO

A Profile Of Older Workers In 

Colorado

By 

Nick Carroll 

and 

Cynthia Taeuber

Sponsored by the 

National Institute on Aging

National Institutes of Health

Department of Health and 

Human Services

Local Employment Dynamics

1 The term "retirees" refers to workers who collect

pensions—who may have varied labor market experiences. Some may completely leave the labor force and

others may continue to work. Of those who continue to

work while they receive pensions, some may work fewer

than 35 hours a week, some may work only part of the

year, and others may continue in the labor force yearround and full-time. 

U S C E N S U S B U R E A U

Helping You Make Informed Decisions
do not fill all of the jobs left vacant

by these retirements. If these

assumptions prove accurate:

The United States will lose the

services of millions of highly

skilled, experienced workers.

Because of the baby dearth that

followed the Baby Boom, there

will not be many new workers to

replace them, even as the senior

adult population grows significantly. Labor force growth is

expected to fall from 1.1 percent per year in the 1990s to

0.36 percent per year in the

period 2010 to 2020.2

Regardless of how the future

unfolds, information about the

workforce decisions made by the

Baby Boomers can be useful to a

number of groups. Decision makers in Colorado need to know

which industries and regions of the

state are likely to be most affected

by changes in the size and composition of the labor force in coming

decades. Similarly, businesses

need such information both to

make more informed plans for

transitions and to pinpoint potential problem areas and new opportunities. Older workers who want

to continue working need to know

in what industries and in what

areas of Colorado jobs are available, how flexible businesses are

about their working arrangements,

and the level of earnings they can

expect.

The Census Bureau, together with

state partners, is developing several new sources of information to

support these needs. The Local

Employment Dynamics (LED) program, one of the newest resources,

produces workforce indicators that

are updated every quarter for each

partner state and its metropolitan

areas, counties, and Workforce

Investment Areas.3 Statistics are

available without cost on the program's Web site

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov> and

additional indicators are available

from partner states. The statistics

are historical and come from multiple, high-quality information

sources that include most of the

working population (see "Sources

and Accuracy of the Data" at the

end of this report for additional

information about coverage). 

The LED program is a partnership

between the Census Bureau and

participating states. As of October

2004, 33 states and the District of

Columbia are partners with the

Census Bureau in creating this information.4 Those 33 states and the

District of Columbia cover about

three-quarters of America's workers.

Additional states are planning to

join the partnership.

This report uses Quarterly

Workforce Indicators (QWI) from the

LED program for the state of

Colorado to focus on two groups of

older workers: those who are likely

to be receiving pension income (65

and older), and the preretirement

group (55-64 years old). People in

the preretirement group may collect

pensions within the next ten years,

but may or may not continue to

participate in the labor force. 

With the LED, we can respond to

questions such as:

What changes are occurring in

the age composition of the workforce in a geographic area?

Which industries will be most

affected by the departure of

older workers from the workforce?

In what industries do older people tend to continue working

and under what circumstances?

Which industries create jobs for

older workers? Suffer the most

job losses? 

Which industries have the lowest

job turnover rates for older

workers?

How much do older workers

earn in various industry groups

and geographic areas?

As the LED statistics in this report

show, older workers in Colorado

have been an increasing proportion

of the labor force. We learn from

the LED information that older

workers tend to be employed in the

same industries that employ large

numbers of younger workers, but

the best-paid are those who work in

financial and legal services firms

with relatively few older workers.

We do not know yet whether

Colorado will undergo rapid and

massive changes, or gradual

changes due to the retirement of

experienced workers of the Baby

Boom generation along with the

movement of workers into and out

of Colorado. We do know that both

2 U.S. Census Bureau

2 Penner, Rudolph, Pamela Perun, and

Eugene Steuerle. "Legal and Institutional

Impediments to Partial Retirement and PartTime Work by Older Workers," The Urban

Institute, 2002. 

3 Other related information sources from the

Census Bureau include the American

Community Survey

<www.census.gov/acs/www/> and the economic census <www.census.gov/econ

/census02/>.

4 As of October 2004, the partner states

whose data were being processed were: AL,

CA, CO, DE, FL, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, MD, ME,

MN, MO, MT, NC, NJ, NM, OK, OR, PA, TX, VA,

WA, WI, and WV. Additional partner states

include: AR, DC, GA, MI, ND, TN, and VT. This

is an ongoing project and additional states are

expected to join.

Quarterly Workforce

Indicators for partner states

and detailed information

about the LED program are

available at

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>. 
have the potential to affect the age

distribution of the workforce significantly. Planners in Colorado will be

able to keep an eye on the impact

of such factors and emerging trends

by using the LED statistics.

How is the age composition of

the workforce in Colorado

changing?

The aging of Baby Boom workers

led to an increase in the proportion

of the workforce 45 years and

older from 1994 to 2002 in

Colorado. Many planners anticipate this proportion will grow even

more rapidly over the next two

decades unless a large influx of

younger workers comes into

Colorado. In 1994, about 76 percent of Colorado workers were 14-

to-44 years old (Figure 1). By

2002, that figure had dropped to

about 66 percent of workers.

Sixteen percent of Colorado workers were 45-to-54 years old in

1994 and 21 percent were in that

age group in 2002.

The falling share of younger workers occurred across the economy

of Colorado. The share of workers

in Colorado who are 65 and older,

the traditional age when most

workers leave the labor force permanently, increased slightly, from

about 1.9 percent to 2.7 percent,

from 1994 to 2002.

Which industries will be most

affected by the aging

workforce? 

Unless there is an infusion of new

workers from outside Colorado, or

from other Colorado industries, the

industries identified in Figure 25

are those likely to be most affected

by the aging of the workforce.6 If

older workers seek either more

flexibility in hours or leave these

industries completely, companies

may suffer a considerable loss of

U.S. Census Bureau 3

Beginning-of-Quarter

Employment

Total number of workers 

who were employed by the

same employer in the 

reference and previous

quarters

Skill Level

Quarters of work experience

5 Workers in private households are not

shown in the text because the coverage of private households is low relative to other industries.

6 Because the QWIs come from a mixture of

sources, they are not directly comparable with

statistics from worker-based surveys such as

the decennial census, the American Community

Survey, and the Current Population Survey.

Industries are based on the Standard Industrial

Classification (SIC) system. The LED program

converted from the SIC system to the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

in early 2004. Some classification titles appear

to be similar but the detailed industry groups

that compose the categories may differ

between the SIC and NAICS systems. 

Figure 1.

 Colorado Workforce by Age Group: 1994 to 2002

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program's Web site at 

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

[Percent of beginning-of-quarter employment]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03

65+

14-44

45-54

55-64 
skills and knowledge. Thus, industries with a high proportion of

workers near retirement might

need, for example, to plan for

increased training to respond to

the loss of older workers and their

institutional knowledge. 

Figure 2 shows that the local/suburban transit industry in Colorado

had a high proportion of older

workers—about 14 percent were

55-64 years old and 5 percent

were 65 years and older. Other

industries with a relatively high

proportion of workers 55 years

and older included membership

organizations (18 percent), educational services (17.5 percent), and

real estate (17.2 percent). Even

though the proportion is relatively

large, the first industry has a

smaller number of older workers

(Appendix Table A1). 

The demand for older workers

and job stability

An indicator of the degree to which

businesses need older workers is

the turnover rate of older workers

within an industry. Industries with

a history of relatively high

turnover rates may have little need

for specific skills and may find it

easy to replace employees. As a

result, firms in such industries may

be likely to pay relatively low

wages. A relatively low turnover

rate for a specific age group, such

as older workers, may indicate that

workers in that age group are relatively skilled or not readily

replaced. The LED data enable us,

for the first time, to identify the

nature of demand for older workers in particular industries. 

The job turnover rate is also a

measure of job stability. Older

workers who work in low turnover

industries may spend less time

looking for work and retraining for

new jobs. The average quarterly

turnover rate for all workers in

Colorado was 15.3 percent in 2002

(although this includes the relatively high turnover rates of teenagers

and young adults).7 For workers

65 years and older, it was 14.1

percent; for those 55 years and

older, 12.7 percent. 

The industries in Figure 2 with the

highest average quarterly turnover

rates for workers 55-64 years old

in 2002 were local/suburban transit (average quarterly turnover rate

of 15.7 percent), motor freight

transportation (12.1 percent), and

4 U.S. Census Bureau

Figure 2.

Selected Industries With a High Proportion of 

Older Workers by Age, for Colorado: 2002

Note: Details do not cover the total workforce in these age categories.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment, 

Local Employment Dynamics program's Web site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

Total

Fabricated metal products

Legal services

Stone, clay, and glass

Real estate

Motor freight transportation

Rubber and plastics

Membership organizations

Insurance agents/brokers

Local/suburban transit

Educational services

55-64

65+

[Percent of industry's workers. Includes only industries that employed 100 

or more workers in each age category in Colorado]

14.5

3.0

14.1

5.0

13.7

3.1

13.1

5.0

12.8

2.3

12.3

3.4

12.2

5.0

12.2

2.9

11.9

2.5

11.9

2.3

9.1

2.7

7 This is a simple average of four quarters in

a calendar year.
real estate (11.4 percent).

Industries from Figure 2 with lower

average quarterly turnover rates

for this age group include rubber

and plastics and fabricated metal

products (with turnover rates of

less than 7 percent each). Average

quarterly turnover rates for 2002

for these and other industries are

shown in Appendix Table A2. 

Of the top ten industries in

Colorado employing workers 65

years and older in 2002 (Table 1

and Figure 3), the construction—

special trade (20.1 percent) and

eating and drinking places (19.4

percent) industries had the highest

average quarterly turnover rates;

the lowest was the wholesale

trade—durables (9.5 percent)

industry. 

Where do older workers work?

This section asks where older

workers are most concentrated

because the types of work performed by today's older workers

may indicate the work that older

people will perform in the future.

Planners might also examine the

type of work done by younger age

groups, such as those 35-44 years

old, for the changes they might

expect among older workers, given

differences in the type of education different age groups received

and changes in the needs of industries.

As shown in Figure 3, the industries where workers 65 years and

over were most likely to be

employed in Colorado in 2002

were eating and drinking places,

business services, health services,

(employing 7.1 percent to 9.2 percent of the workforce 65 years and

older, over 3,500 workers each),

and special trade construction (6.4

percent). More than half (52.6 percent) of workers 65 years and

older in Colorado were employed

in the ten industries shown in

Figure 3, compared with 49.7 percent of all workers. Older and

younger workers may be employed

in distinctly different types of firms

within these industries, however,

and may be assigned different

tasks. 

Between 1994 and 2002, there were

substantial changes in the top ten

industries that employed the largest

number of workers 65 and older

(Table 2).8 Despite the shuffling in

rank, service industries have long

been the major employers of the oldest workers in Colorado. 

Employment dynamics and

older workers

The employment numbers in the

preceding section show only one

part of the employment picture.

Even when levels of employment in

an industry change little, enormous

change can occur in the underlying

numbers. Economists refer to the

underlying changes as "job creation"

and "job destruction." Even if

employment levels in an industry

stay the same, some firms add jobs

U.S. Census Bureau 5

8 Historical statistics are consistent in the

LED program, so it is possible to make comparisons of statistics over time.

Table 1.

Job Stability in Colorado by Industry: 2002

[Top 10 industries statewide employing workers 65 and older]

Industry Workers 65

and older

(number)

Average quarterly

turnover rate

for workers

65 and older

(percent)

Average quarterly

turnover rate

for workers

14 and older

(percent)

Workers 14

and older

(number)

Eating and drinking places .................... 4,550 19.4 22.7 160,287

Business services ........................... 4,329 17.3 17.7 176,064

Health services .............................. 3,522 11.9 12.9 146,868

Construction—special trade ................... 3,194 20.1 18.9 103,752

Miscellaneous retail .......................... 2,160 12.5 18.1 52,809

Wholesale trade—durables ................... 1,815 9.5 11.6 65,393

Real estate ................................. 1,684 11.7 15.1 33,747

Social services .............................. 1,623 12.9 16.6 42,008

Engineering, accounting, and research ......... 1,590 12.9 13.3 74,205

Car dealers and gas stations .................. 1,588 13.0 17.7 42,884

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002,

Appendix Tables A1 and A2. See Web site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

Turnover Rate — A measure

of workforce stability, the

turnover rate reflects the

movement of workers into

and out of jobs.

Turnover rate = 

(A worker who retires is

included in the turnover rate.)

* ( ) 2

1

, −1

+

t t

t t

average employment

accessions separations
and others eliminate jobs. So, while

Figure 3 identifies the industries that

employed a high proportion of workers 65 years and older in Colorado

in 2002, LED program data reveal

more detail. LED indicators also tally

the number of jobs gained and lost

by older workers in the Colorado

economy.9

The LED statistics reveal that, on

average in Colorado in 2002, for

workers 65 years and older, 5,950

jobs were created a quarter

(Appendix Table A4) and 7,311 were

lost (Appendix Table A5)—a net

decrease of 1,361 such workers a

quarter. The industries that created

the most jobs for workers 65 years

and older (Table 3) were eating and

drinking places, with 733 jobs created on average a quarter, followed by

special trade construction (573

jobs). The industries that destroyed

the most jobs for the oldest workers

were eating and drinking places

(795 jobs a quarter on average),

business services (679 jobs), and

special trade construction (673

jobs). These changes represented,

in Colorado in 2002, an average net

loss of 61 jobs in eating and drinking places, 100 jobs in special trade

construction, and 129 jobs in business services.

What do older workers earn?

On average, full-quarter workers

65 years and older in 2002 earned

$1,954 a month in Colorado, and

workers of all ages averaged

$3,251a month (Table 4 and

Appendix Table A6).

As is the case for all workers, the

average earnings levels of older

workers vary greatly among industries. For example, in eating and

drinking places, which employed

9.2 percent of all workers 65 years

and older in Colorado in 2002, the

average monthly earnings were

$1,169. Workers 14 and older in

that industry had average monthly

earnings of $1,242. About 9 percent of the oldest workers in

Colorado were employed by the

business services industry, and

they had average monthly earnings

of $1,597. Of the top ten industries of older workers in Colorado

in 2002, the industry with the

highest average monthly earnings

was engineering, accounting, and

research, with an average of

$3,528 a month; the lowest was

miscellaneous retail, with an average $1,139 a month.

Among all industry groups, holdings and other investment offices

industries had the highest average

monthly earnings in 2002 for workers 65 years and older—$4,855—

compared with $4,963 for all work6 U.S. Census Bureau

Figure 3.

Workers 65 Years and Older in Selected Industries 

for Colorado: 2002

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment , 

Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Appendix Table A3. See Web site at 

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

[Percent of workers aged 65+ years]

Car dealers and gas stations

Engineering, accounting, and research

Social services

Real estate

Wholesale trade - durables

Miscellaneous retail

Construction - special trade

Health services

Business services

Eating and drinking places 9.2

8.7

6.4

4.4

3.7

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.2

7.1

Job Gain — New jobs created

either by new businesses

opening or by existing firms

adding new jobs

Job Loss — Jobs lost to the

economy when businesses

close or reduce employment

Net Job Flow — The difference

between current and previous

beginning-of-quarter employment across all businesses

9 Job losses for older workers can happen in

two ways—a firm can actually reduce employment, or it can substitute a younger worker for

an older worker who may have taken another

job, retired, or left involuntarily.
ers in this industry (Table 5). The

number of workers 65 years and

older in this industry is relatively

small—139 workers. Other high

paying industries include security

and commodity brokers, legal services, and electrical, gas, and sanitary services. Only one of the

twelve industries that employed

1500 or more workers 65 years and

older—engineering, accounting, and

research—was relatively high paying, with average earnings of

$3,528 a month.

Summary

This report provides answers to

several key questions related to

the aging of Colorado's workforce:

• What is the age composition of

the workforce and what are the

changes over time?

• Which industries are likely to be

affected by the aging of the

workforce?

U.S. Census Bureau 7

Table 2.

Top Ten Employers in Colorado Employing Workers 65 and Older by Rank:

1994 and 2002

1994

rank

2002

rank Industry

Number of workers 65 and older

Percent change,

1994-2002

Number of workers 14 and older,

1994 2002 2002

3 1 Eating and drinking places .............. 1,784 4,550 155.0 160,287

1 2 Business services ...................... 2,340 4,329 85.0 176,064

2 3 Health services ........................ 2,098 3,522 67.9 146,868

7 4 Construction—special trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 3,194 253.3 103,752

4 5 Miscellaneous retail .................... 1,482 2,160 45.7 52,809

6 6 Wholesale trade—durables .............. 1,128 1,815 60.9 65,393

5 7 Real estate ............................ 1,247 1,684 35.0 33,747

10 8 Social services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831 1,623 95.3 42,008

8 9 Engineering, accounting, and research . . . 882 1,590 80.3 74,205

9 10 Car dealers and gas stations . . . . . . . . . . . . 836 1,588 90.0 42,884

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 1994 and

2002, Appendix Tables A1 and A3. See Web site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

Table 3.

Job Gains and Losses Among Industry Groups in Colorado by Industry: 2002

[Average number of jobs per quarter]

Top ten industries that created jobs

for workers 65 and over Jobs created1 Jobs lost1 Net change2

Total employment

65 and older 14 and older

Eating and drinking places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733 795 –61 4,550 160,287

Construction—special trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573 673 –100 3,194 103,752

Business services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 679 –129 4,329 176,064

Hotels/other lodging places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 310 –1 1,543 37,815

Amusement and recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 271 21 1,269 40,886

Health services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 400 –141 3,522 146,868

Miscellaneous retail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 298 –62 2,160 52,809

Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 223 –46 1,684 33,747

Engineering, accounting, and research . . . . . . . . . . . 172 228 –56 1,590 74,205

Agricultural services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 166 –7 663 20,805

1 Averages are rounded to whole numbers. 2 Computed from actual averages, not from the rounded whole numbers as shown in this

table.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002,

Appendix Tables A1, A4, and A5. See Web site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

Full-Quarter Employment

Total number of workers who were employed by the same employer

in the reference, previous, and subsequent quarters

Average Earnings for Full-Quarter Employees

Total earnings of all workers employed the full quarter divided by the

number of such workers 
• Which industries have the lowest turnover rates of older workers?

• In which industries are older

workers most likely to be

employed?

• How much do older workers

earn?

In Colorado in 2002, the industries

that employed the highest proportions of workers 55-64 years old,

and hence were likely to be affected by retirements in the coming

decade were local and suburban

transit, membership organizations,

educational services, and real

estate.

The local/suburban transit, membership organizations, and real

estate industries had high proportions of workers 65 years and

older. In terms of pay, older workers tended to fare best in industries with relatively few older

workers and, as for all workers, in

industries with highly trained, professional employees, such as in

financial firms.

SOURCES AND ACCURACY

OF THE DATA

Background

The U.S. Census Bureau and partner states produce Quarterly

Workforce Indicators (QWIs) for

each state, metropolitan area,

county, and Workforce Investment

Board area. QWIs for other geographic areas are available through

the state partners. 

The QWIs are updated each quarter

and annual averages are available

at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

8 U.S. Census Bureau

Table 4.

Average Monthly Earnings Among Top Ten Industries in Colorado by Age: 2002

[Full-quarter earnings]

Industry

Average monthly

earnings for workers

65 and older

(dollars)

Average monthly

earnings for workers

14 and older

(dollars)

Workers 65

and older

(number)

Workers 14

and older

(number)

Total ..................................... 1,954 3,251 49,571 1,806,461

Eating and drinking places . . .................. 1,169 1,242 4,550 160,287

Business services ........................... 1,597 3,876 4,329 176,064

Health services .............................. 2,350 3,305 3,522 146,868

Construction—special trade ................... 2,306 3,121 3,194 103,752

Miscellaneous retail .......................... 1,139 1,795 2,160 52,809

Wholesale trade—durables ................... 2,630 4,463 1,815 65,393

Real estate ................................. 1,736 3,017 1,684 33,747

Social services .............................. 1,319 1,852 1,623 42,008

Engineering, accounting, and research ......... 3,528 4,752 1,590 74,205

Car dealers and gas stations .................. 1,928 3,109 1,588 42,884

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002,

Appendix Table A6. See Web site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

Table 5.

Average Monthly Earnings of Workers in Colorado by Age: 2002

[Full-quarter earnings. Includes only industries that employed 100 or more workers 65 and older in Colorado]

Industry

Average monthly

earnings of workers

65 and older

(dollars)

Average monthly

earnings of workers

14 and older

(dollars)

Workers 65

and older

(number)

Workers 14

and older

(number)

Holding and other investment offices ........... 4,855 4,963 139 6,323

Security and commodity brokers ............... 4,815 5,612 220 12,328

Legal services ............................... 3,848 4,889 381 15,449

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . ........ 3,758 5,793 229 16,564

Measuring/analyzing instruments .............. 3,695 4,694 246 20,374

Engineering, accounting, and research ......... 3,528 4,752 1,590 74,205

Insurance carriers ........................... 3,299 4,082 257 28,566

Oil and gas extraction ........................ 3,280 5,387 189 8,530

Communications . ............................ 3,244 4,654 293 56,963

Industrial and commercial machinery ........... 3,231 5,282 383 27,482

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002,

Appendix Tables A1 and A6. See Web site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
Overview

The QWIs are key economic indicators selected jointly by the Census

Bureau and its partner states. Each

QWI provides a critical measure of

an area's economy and is a tool to

understand changes in the core

performance of local economies. 

The QWIs are updated 7 months

after the end of a quarter, which

makes them a current and a historical time series to monitor economic change. They serve as early

indicators to states and local areas

of emerging trends and help to

identify turning points in the

dynamics of the workforce and

specific industries. 

The database covers about 98 percent of the labor force.10 The QWIs

are derived from state administrative records and basic demographic information from other existing

sources. Some information about

the workforce is not now available

in this database, including hours

and weeks worked, educational

attainment, occupation, and

whether workers worked for an

entire quarter or a part of the quarter. There are other types of errors

in administrative data, including

coding errors in personal identifiers, coding errors in business

identifiers, and errors in wage

records (see the technical documentation on <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>. 

Because the QWIs come from a

mixture of sources, they are not

directly comparable with statistics

from worker-based surveys, such

as the decennial census, the

American Community Survey, and

the Current Population Survey.

Industries are based on the

Standard Industrial Classification

(SIC) system. The LED program

will convert from the SIC system to

the North American Industry

Classification System (NAICS) in

early 2004. Some classification

titles appear to be similar, but the

detailed industry groups that compose the categories may differ

between the SIC and NAICS systems.

Enhanced Unemployment

Insurance (UI) wage records are the

basic data source for the QWIs.

Administrative records and the surveys differ in coverage, the timing

of data collection, and concept definitions. The QWIs are not exactly

comparable with establishment

surveys either, such as those from

the Bureau of Labor Statistics'

Quarterly Census of Employment

and Wages (QCEW) program, which

capture employment at an establishment on the 12th of the month.

The LED database can respond to a

wide variety of questions about

the workforce because it allows

multiple definitions of "employment." That is because the QWI

are job-based statistics and different from the worker-based statistics familiar to many researchers.11

The LED database includes all jobs

held:

1. In a quarter, regardless of length

of time the job is held

2. At the beginning of a quarter (the measure used in this

report)

3. At the end of a quarter

4. For a full quarter

The measure that is closest to the

QCEW definition of employment is

the second one, jobs held at the

beginning of a quarter. This second measure has the additional

advantage that the trends are similar to those shown by worker-based

surveys such as the decennial census, although the levels differ. 

Another difference among datasets

is measurement of earnings.

According to the BLS Handbook of

Methods (1997), UI wage records

measure "gross wages and salaries,

bonuses, stock options, tips and

other gratuities, and the value of

meals and lodging, where supplied." They do not include Old Age

Survivor and Disability Insurance

(OASDI), health insurance, workers'

compensation, unemployment

insurance, private pensions, and

welfare funds. The LED database

does not include the number of

hours or weeks an employee

worked. Thus, what appears for an

industry such as retail trade to be

low average earnings in a given

year or quarter may be the result of

relatively low hourly wages, not

working many hours in the time

period, or both. In retail trade,

much of the work is part-time and

this affects the LED measure of

average earnings. 

The confidentiality of the

statistics is protected.

The Census Bureau and the state

partners are committed to protecting the confidentiality of the data in

the LED files. Technically, the

approach to avoid disclosure of individual information is to combine cell

suppression methodology with the

addition of statistical noise, controlling key measures to county

employment levels as reported by

the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In

plainer English, the statistical techniques the Census Bureau uses

mean that the actual statistics are

not shown if the numbers in a cell

U.S. Census Bureau 9

11 For the QWIs, a “job” is defined as equivalent records for an employer and employee.

10 The database for each state covers about

98 percent of nonagricultural, private wage,

and salaried employment. Most state and local

government employees are included, but many

federal workers are not (depending on the

state). The remaining 2 percent are railroad

workers and workers for some nonprofit organizations. Self-employed workers and independent contractors are not in the covered universe.

See U.S. Census Bureau, David W. Stevens and

Julia Lane, “Employment That Is Not Covered By

State Unemployment,” Technical Paper No. TP2002-16, January 2002, available on

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
are small. Rather, the statistics that

are shown are "fuzzy," that is, close

to the actual information but not

exact.

Only Census Bureau employees or

individuals who have Special Sworn

Status are permitted to work with

the data. Everyone who has access

to Title 13 data must have an official

security clearance based on a background check, including fingerprinting. Additionally, they are subject to

a fine of up to $250,000, up to five

years in jail, or both, if confidential

information is disclosed. The

Census Bureau and state data custodians review all projects before

release to avoid disclosure of confidential information. 

More detailed information about the

confidentiality protection system is

available under the "Confidentiality"

menu at

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>. 

Why the Census Bureau

produces the LED statistics

The Census Bureau and the state

partners are committed to protecting the integrity of information and

producing the highest quality statistics. We accomplish this by

ensuring that the LED program is

consistent with the Census

Bureau's legal authority and mission, that the methodologies used

are the best alternatives, and that

the LED program produces demonstrated benefits. 

The state partners and the Census

Bureau both benefit from the LED

program. The state partners fulfill

their mandate to provide high

quality regional labor market information and the Census Bureau

improves the economic and demographic survey estimates and intercensal population estimates.

Specifically, the LED program supports Census Bureau research on

improving the quality, use, and

analysis of its census, survey, and

estimation-based data products.

Estimates of the employed population by demographic, geographic,

and industrial detail enhance the

Census Bureau's existing agencywide programs. In particular, estimates of workers in each county

and industry, in conjunction with

statistical information about

employers, will provide longneeded and critical but previously

unavailable information for key

programs such as the demographic

survey estimates and the intercensal population estimates program. Census Bureau programs

will benefit from new information

on turnover, job gain, and job loss

by age and sex, and information

on the employment of individuals

in each county. 

More information about the benefits of the LED program may be

found on the LED Web site at

<http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Research for and production of this

report were supported under an

interagency agreement with the

Behavioral and Social Research

Program, National Institute on Aging,

Agreement No. Y1-AG-9415-01.

10 U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau 11

Table A1.

Employment in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002

[Beginning-of-quarter employment]

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Total . . ................................................ 1,217,218 375,700 163,971 49,571 1,806,461

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 3,944 1,249 666 483 6,342

Agricultural production—livestock . ............................ 3,336 973 494 294 5,097

Agricultural services . ........................................ 15,612 3,298 1,232 663 20,805

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 18 *7 *3 83

Fishing, hunting, and trapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 *4 - - 12

Mining

Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620 541 181 17 1,359

Coal mining ................................................ 1,181 684 253 16 2,135

Oil and gas extraction ....................................... 4,784 2,720 836 189 8,530

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ........................... 1,218 507 262 59 2,045

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 18,098 6,958 2,497 646 28,199

Construction other than building . ............................. 12,895 4,216 1,811 474 19,394

Construction—special trade .................................. 73,852 19,522 7,185 3,194 103,752

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 17,300 5,927 2,623 508 26,357

Tobacco products ........................................... ---- -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 85 42 12 367

Apparel from fabrics ........................................ 1,939 663 324 101 3,027

Lumber and wood products .................................. 3,977 1,226 484 186 5,873

Furniture and fixtures ....................................... 3,719 1,206 513 119 5,557

Paper and allied products .................................... 1,777 816 362 54 3,009

Printing and publishing ...................................... 15,396 6,089 2,705 588 24,777

Chemicals . . . .............................................. 3,196 1,124 404 92 4,816

Petroleum refining .......................................... *471 *196 *76 15 757

Rubber and plastics ......................................... 3,697 1,573 792 145 6,206

Leather and leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 *228 *125 10 711

Stone, clay, and glass ....................................... 6,394 2,777 1,314 318 10,803

Primary metal industries ..................................... 1,230 *777 *455 *52 2,514

Fabricated metal products ................................... 7,454 3,418 1,506 286 12,664

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 16,141 7,908 3,051 383 27,482

Electronic and electrical equipment ........................... 11,386 4,597 1,600 189 17,771

Transportation equipment .................................... 6,291 *3851 *1674 144 11,960

Measuring and analyzing instruments ......................... 11,660 6,109 2,358 246 20,374

Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................. 2,707 983 463 155 4,308

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... ---- -

Local and suburban transit ................................... 3,675 1,440 889 318 6,322

Motor freight transportation .................................. 14,550 5,837 2,986 835 24,209

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *56 16 22 - 96

Transportation by air ........................................ 16,280 6,554 2,517 246 25,595

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 22 10 3 58

Transportation services ...................................... 4,921 1,623 790 176 7,509

Communications . ........................................... 41,154 12,118 3,399 293 56,963

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . ....................... 7,259 *6478 *2598 229 16,564

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 41,334 15,598 6,646 1,815 65,393

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 26,340 9,156 3,847 1,117 40,459

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 14,819 4,435 2,241 828 22,323

General merchandise stores ................................. 31,457 8,081 4,888 *2321 46,747

Food stores . ............................................... 25,528 7,040 2,954 818 36,340

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 29,662 7,783 3,851 1,588 42,884

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 12,874 1,723 978 397 15,972

Home furniture stores ....................................... 16,033 3,476 1,632 489 21,630

Eating and drinking places . . ................................. 135,050 14,762 5,925 4,550 160,287

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 36,493 9,186 4,970 2,160 52,809

APPENDIX TABLES
12 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A1.

Employment in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

[Beginning-of-quarter employment]

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 21,073 6,408 2,887 589 30,956

Nondepository institutions .................................... 12,468 3,522 1,349 181 17,520

Security and commodity brokers .............................. 8,649 2,426 1,034 220 12,328

Insurance carriers . . ........................................ 18,782 6,833 2,695 257 28,566

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 6,667 3,115 1,609 364 11,756

Real estate ................................................ 20,183 7,767 4,114 1,684 33,747

Holding and other investment offices .......................... 4,179 1,399 606 139 6,323

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 26,972 6,131 3,169 1,543 37,815

Personal services . . ......................................... 14,854 3,634 1,986 920 21,394

Business services .......................................... 123,551 34,541 13,642 4,329 176,064

Car repair, services, and parking ............................. 16,678 3,968 1,884 1,113 23,642

Miscellaneous repair services ................................ 4,242 1,469 615 208 6,534

Motion pictures ............................................. 7,056 753 267 84 8,158

Amusement and recreation . . . ............................... 30,069 6,377 3,171 1,269 40,886

Health services ............................................. 86,476 39,949 16,921 3,522 146,868

Legal services .............................................. 8,961 4,270 1,838 381 15,449

Educational services ........................................ 11,990 5,431 3,064 624 21,109

Social services ............................................. 27,320 8,591 4,475 1,623 42,008

Museums, galleries, and gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 987 318 *194 *75 1,574

Membership organizations ................................... 9,761 3,986 2,189 836 16,772

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 45,811 18,494 8,310 1,590 74,205

Private households ......................................... 1,389 503 424 170 2,485

Services, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670 238 92 29 1,028

- Value equals zero or is suppressed because it does not meet standards for publication.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

<http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php>.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002. See Web

site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
U.S. Census Bureau 13

Table A2.

Average Quarterly Turnover Rates in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002

[In percent]

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Total . . ................................................ 17.6 11.5 11.3 14.1 15.3

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 23.7 17.4 19.3 *26.5 21.8

Agricultural production—livestock . ............................ 18.2 12.9 12.4 *16.8 16.3

Agricultural services . ........................................ 22.7 16.6 17.3 23.0 21.1

Forestry ................................................... 40.7 - *26.7 - 24.6

Fishing, hunting, and trapping ................................ ---- 16.5

Mining

Metal mining ............................................... 15.9 *8.7 *11.1 8.1 12.1

Coal mining ................................................ *15.0 *10.6 *10.5 *26.0 *12.9

Oil and gas extraction ....................................... 13.5 9.1 8.2 10.7 11.4

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ........................... 14.5 9.0 9.8 *10.8 12.3

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 19.5 14.9 14.2 17.4 17.5

Construction other than building . . . ........................... 22.0 17.8 17.3 21.9 20.4

Construction—special trade .................................. 20.3 15.7 16.0 20.1 18.9

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 12.1 *7.3 8.3 13.0 10.5

Tobacco products ........................................... ---- -

Textile mill products ......................................... 12.1 *27.8 *11.7 *26.7 36.3

Apparel from fabrics ........................................ 37.5 9.4 *9.8 *12.5 12.1

Lumber and wood products .................................. 13.7 11.3 10.5 *13.1 14.5

Furniture and fixtures ....................................... 16.0 *9.5 *8.7 *10.0 12.1

Paper and allied products .................................... 13.7 *5.5 *6.1 *10.8 8.2

Printing and publishing ...................................... 10.0 *9.6 *9.3 11.7 11.5

Chemicals . . . .............................................. *13.0 *8.1 *7.9 *11.9 *9.0

Petroleum refining .......................................... *9.6 *14.1 *6.5 - 19.3

Rubber and plastics ......................................... 25.4 7.3 6.5 *10.4 9.9

Leather and leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 *4.6 *3.0 14.7 4.8

Stone, clay, and glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 7.6 8.5 15.4 10.9

Primary metal industries ..................................... 13.0 *4.5 *4.3 *9.9 6.3

Fabricated metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 6.7 6.8 10.8 9.6

Industrial and commercial machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 10.2 10.4 *11.8 11.2

Electronic and electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 *12.4 *14.2 *19.2 12.2

Transportation equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 *12.8 *13.5 *13.4 13.0

Measuring and analyzing instruments ......................... 13.2 *4.9 6.1 7.5 6.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 10.5 10.0 *10.4 13.8

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... ---- -

Local and suburban transit ................................... 18.2 16.5 15.6 14.0 17.1

Motor freight transportation .................................. 18.3 13.5 12.1 13.1 16.0

Water transportation ........................................ 27.5 - *21.9 - 29.1

Transportation by air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 4.5 6.1 *11.3 6.7

Pipelines, except natural gas ................................. 25.4 *31.1 - - 35.8

Transportation services ...................................... 15.4 10.5 9.0 12.0 13.4

Communications . ........................................... 13.9 8.7 9.6 12.8 12.3

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . ....................... *8.8 *4.9 *5.3 *10.9 *6.6

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 13.1 9.6 9.5 9.5 11.6

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 13.7 9.3 9.2 12.7 12.0

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 16.2 11.0 10.2 10.4 14.0

General merchandise stores ................................. *20.1 *12.1 *10.0 *8.8 *16.6

Food stores . ............................................... 15.6 7.6 7.6 11.4 12.7

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 20.3 13.7 12.7 12.9 17.7

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 26.1 13.7 12.4 12.0 22.5

Home furniture stores ....................................... 18.1 11.6 11.1 10.4 16.1

Eating and drinking places ................................... 24.2 16.7 15.7 19.4 22.7

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 21.0 13.4 12.7 12.5 18.1
14 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A2.

Average Quarterly Turnover Rates in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

[In percent]

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 14.0 10.0 9.9 9.7 12.6

Nondepository institutions .................................... 16.6 12.4 12.6 *15.8 15.3

Security and commodity brokers .............................. 14.2 10.9 9.8 *10.8 13.0

Insurance carriers .......................................... 10.0 7.2 7.5 *12.1 9.0

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 14.9 10.7 10.5 10.6 12.9

Real estate ................................................ 17.7 12.2 11.4 11.7 15.1

Holding and other investment offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 8.9 9.7 *10.4 10.6

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 23.5 16.0 15.7 17.6 20.8

Personal services . . ......................................... 22.2 15.2 15.1 15.8 19.7

Business services .......................................... 19.2 15.0 15.0 17.3 17.6

Car repair, services, and parking ............................. 18.5 12.7 12.2 11.1 16.3

Miscellaneous repair services ................................ 16.1 11.8 9.6 11.2 14.2

Motion pictures ............................................. 22.8 15.3 15.6 22.2 21.6

Amusement and recreation . . . ............................... 26.2 17.5 18.2 20.7 23.0

Health services ............................................. 15.1 10.2 9.7 11.9 12.9

Legal services .............................................. 12.9 8.8 8.3 9.1 11.0

Educational services ........................................ 16.3 10.9 8.7 11.0 13.3

Social services ............................................. 19.1 13.1 12.5 12.8 16.6

Museums, galleries, and gardens ............................. 18.0 *12.4 *12.0 *14.6 15.5

Membership organizations . . ................................. 16.4 9.0 8.7 11.9 12.7

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 14.5 11.6 11.6 12.9 13.3

Private households ......................................... 22.0 16.4 12.9 *15.4 18.2

Services, not elsewhere classified ............................ 18.4 *13.3 *15.1 *20.7 16.8

- Value equals zero or is suppressed because it does not meet standards for publication.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

<http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php>.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Colorado Department of Labor & Employment Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002. See Web

site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
U.S. Census Bureau 15

Table A3.

Colorado Employment by Industry and Age: 1994 and 2002

[Beginning-of-quarter employment]

Industry

Under 65 65 and older

1994 2002 1994 2002

Total ............................................................... 1,404,780 1,756,889 27,628 49,571

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ......................................... 5,289 5,859 269 483

Agricultural production—livestock . ..................................... 4,272 4,803 165 294

Agricultural services . ................................................. 11,209 20,142 221 663

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 80 - *3

Fishing, hunting, and trapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5 *3 -

Mining

Metal mining ........................................................ 1,874 1,342 *14 17

Coal mining ......................................................... 2,552 2,118 9 16

Oil and gas extraction ................................................ 9,582 8,340 150 189

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic .................................... 1,279 1,986 36 59

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . ............................. 19,633 27,554 275 646

Construction other than building . . . .................................... 11,513 18,921 200 474

Construction—special trade ........................................... 56,597 100,559 904 3,194

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products ........................................... 26,875 25,849 365 508

Tobacco products .................................................... - - - -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 356 11 12

Apparel from fabrics ................................................. 3,568 2,926 75 101

Lumber and wood products ........................................... 4,823 5,687 77 186

Furniture and fixtures ................................................ 3,485 5,438 44 119

Paper and allied products ............................................. 2,979 2,954 28 54

Printing and publishing ............................................... 24,208 24,189 462 588

Chemicals . . . ....................................................... 11,296 4,724 100 92

Petroleum refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874 *742 *18 15

Rubber and plastics .................................................. 6,602 6,062 84 145

Leather and leather products .......................................... *1584 699 *25 10

Stone, clay, and glass ................................................ 8,410 10,485 146 318

Primary metal industries .............................................. 3,387 2,461 42 *52

Fabricated metal products ............................................ 11,068 12,378 163 286

Industrial and commercial machinery ................................... 30,041 27,099 269 383

Electronic and electrical equipment .................................... 16,437 17,582 120 189

Transportation equipment ............................................. 10,294 11,815 52 144

Measuring and analyzing instruments .................................. 20,763 20,127 171 246

Miscellaneous manufacturing .......................................... 4,669 4,153 116 155

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . ............................................. - - - -

Local and suburban transit ............................................ 3,862 6,004 102 318

Motor freight transportation ........................................... 25,619 23,373 490 835

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 94 *6 -

Transportation by air ................................................. 17,558 25,350 121 246

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 55 - 3

Transportation services ............................................... 6,123 7,333 158 176

Communications . .................................................... 33,738 56,671 133 293

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . ................................ 13,908 16,335 134 229

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables ........................................... 54,537 63,578 1,128 1,815

Wholesale trade—nondurables ........................................ 33,120 39,343 809 1,117

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ............................... 14,246 21,495 521 828

General merchandise stores .......................................... 34,561 44,425 *1158 *2321

Food stores . ........................................................ 45,661 35,522 551 818

Car dealers and gas stations .......................................... 32,787 41,296 836 1,588

Apparel and accessory stores ......................................... 14,173 15,575 389 397

Home furniture stores ................................................ 14,171 21,141 296 489

Eating and drinking places ............................................ 130,176 155,737 1,784 4,550

Miscellaneous retail .................................................. 40,104 50,649 1,482 2,160
16 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A3.

Colorado Employment by Industry and Age: 1994 and 2002 — Con.

[Beginning-of-quarter employment]

Industry

Under 65 65 and older

1994 2002 1994 2002

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ................................................ 24,560 30,367 391 589

Nondepository institutions ............................................. 11,680 17,339 106 181

Security and commodity brokers ....................................... 8,106 12,108 146 220

Insurance carriers ................................................... 21,474 28,309 157 257

Insurance agents and brokers ......................................... 8,571 11,391 260 364

Real estate ......................................................... 26,363 32,064 1,247 1,684

Holding and other investment offices ................................... 5,709 6,184 81 139

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ...................................... 36,525 36,272 830 1,543

Personal services . . .................................................. 17,207 20,474 605 920

Business services ................................................... 122,890 171,734 2,340 4,329

Car repair, services, and parking ...................................... 15,880 22,530 599 1,113

Miscellaneous repair services ......................................... 5,245 6,327 127 208

Motion pictures ...................................................... 5,388 8,075 61 84

Amusement and recreation . .......................................... 30,974 39,616 609 1,269

Health services ...................................................... 113,661 143,345 2,098 3,522

Legal services ....................................................... 13,220 15,069 276 381

Educational services ................................................. 12,774 20,485 341 624

Social services ...................................................... 26,860 40,386 831 1,623

Museums, galleries, and gardens ...................................... *819 1,499 *39 *75

Membership organizations . . .......................................... 13,790 15,936 638 836

Engineering, accounting, and research ................................. 49,517 72,615 882 1,590

Private households .................................................. 2,413 2,315 243 170

Services, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 970 999 18 29

- Value equals zero or is suppressed because it does not meet standards for publication.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

<http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php>.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002. See Web

site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
U.S. Census Bureau 17

Table A4.

Composition of Job Creation in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Total ...................................................... 158,778 33,734 15,104 5,950

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 1,039 287 156 139

Agricultural production—livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 114 57 40

Agricultural services . ........................................ 3,471 542 224 159

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4 *2 -

Fishing, hunting, and trapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 *1 - -

Mining

Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 28 11 2

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 61 20 2

Oil and gas extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515 178 54 12

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 32 15 6

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 2,987 811 295 95

Construction other than building . . . ........................... 2,008 506 223 88

Construction—special trade .................................. 13,160 2,611 1,013 573

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 1,193 310 123 57

Tobacco products ........................................... - - - -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4 2 1

Apparel from fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 58 34 14

Lumber and wood products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486 90 38 23

Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 94 40 15

Paper and allied products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 28 12 4

Printing and publishing ...................................... 1,593 548 243 62

Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 76 25 6

Petroleum refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *40 *11 *3 1

Rubber and plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 76 27 11

Leather and leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 *4 *2 -

Stone, clay, and glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 119 64 40

Primary metal industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 *26 *8 *3

Fabricated metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 178 77 29

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 1,325 433 167 30

Electronic and electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640 232 108 22

Transportation equipment .................................... 1,415 *1029 *432 20

Measuring and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714 259 103 12

Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 92 43 17

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... - - - -

Local and suburban transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 149 100 37

Motor freight transportation .................................. 1,956 552 290 87

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7 5 -

Transportation by air ........................................ 1,280 301 105 20

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 *1 - -

Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 209 108 23

Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,115 434 121 14

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 *207 *74 19

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 4,130 1,155 509 136

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 2,651 631 255 110

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 1,700 357 186 67

General merchandise stores ................................. 4,045 719 346 141

Food stores . ............................................... 2,445 332 171 71

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 3,827 717 352 152

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 2,283 211 108 38

Home furniture stores ....................................... 1,885 352 159 44

Eating and drinking places ................................... 21,167 2,240 902 733

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 6,487 1,099 598 236
18 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A4.

Composition of Job Creation in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 2,506 654 291 44

Nondepository institutions .................................... 1,618 342 138 23

Security and commodity brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 169 69 15

Insurance carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799 192 78 18

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 1,021 315 152 35

Real estate ................................................ 3,101 836 450 177

Holding and other investment offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 67 40 12

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 5,783 889 516 309

Personal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,118 575 312 136

Business services .......................................... 13,945 3,275 1,395 550

Car repair, services, and parking ............................. 2,528 443 193 103

Miscellaneous repair services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664 161 58 19

Motion pictures ............................................. 1,082 107 44 23

Amusement and recreation . . . ............................... 8,353 1,183 630 292

Health services ............................................. 8,676 2,597 1,079 260

Legal services .............................................. 1,014 331 139 30

Educational services ........................................ 1,635 409 198 54

Social services ............................................. 3,353 800 425 148

Museums, galleries, and gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 *26 *20 *13

Membership organizations . . ................................. 1,371 312 167 84

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 4,758 1,467 653 172

Private households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 83 47 28

Services, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 30 14 6

- Value equals zero or is suppressed because it does not meet standards for publication.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

<http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php>.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002. See Web

site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
U.S. Census Bureau 19

Table A5.

Composition of Job Loss in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Total ...................................................... 151,478 35,798 17,418 7,311

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 1,034 268 160 144

Agricultural production—livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 102 62 48

Agricultural services . ........................................ 3,320 562 252 166

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3 2 -

Fishing, hunting, and trapping ................................ 1 - - -

Mining

Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 49 20 2

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 52 17 3

Oil and gas extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 190 73 27

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 43 25 9

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 3,254 973 365 122

Construction other than building . . . ........................... 2,060 585 266 94

Construction—special trade .................................. 13,114 2,874 1,147 673

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 1,156 326 202 66

Tobacco products ........................................... - - - -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 18 8 2

Apparel from fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 54 30 16

Lumber and wood products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504 123 48 26

Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 131 62 17

Paper and allied products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 40 24 7

Printing and publishing ...................................... 1,436 491 229 80

Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 62 28 11

Petroleum refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *79 *28 *11 2

Rubber and plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 107 52 17

Leather and leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 *10 *5 2

Stone, clay, and glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521 140 90 45

Primary metal industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 *26 *17 *3

Fabricated metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696 200 103 35

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 1,754 821 331 55

Electronic and electrical equipment ........................... 1,272 567 240 44

Transportation equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 *187 *121 16

Measuring and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667 309 175 23

Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 98 43 19

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... - - - -

Local and suburban transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 122 89 35

Motor freight transportation .................................. 2,009 627 357 126

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6 6 -

Transportation by air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796 216 174 35

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 *2 2 *1

Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 150 73 26

Communications . ........................................... 3,329 808 309 43

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 *207 *127 27

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 4,272 1,316 621 190

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 2,643 765 353 161

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 1,568 354 170 87

General merchandise stores ................................. 2,093 386 217 132

Food stores . ............................................... 2,460 437 226 111

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 4,219 887 447 212

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 2,034 203 121 56

Home furniture stores ....................................... 1,902 345 183 64

Eating and drinking places ................................... 20,100 2,263 982 795

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 5,760 1,102 620 298
20 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A5.

Composition of Job Loss in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 2,003 547 265 67

Nondepository institutions .................................... 1,214 309 141 31

Security and commodity brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953 241 97 30

Insurance carriers . ......................................... 1,007 328 163 34

Insurance agents and brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 819 278 168 48

Real estate ................................................ 2,686 835 458 223

Holding and other investment offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 109 59 17

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 4,167 716 465 310

Personal services . . ......................................... 2,770 541 325 155

Business services .......................................... 16,005 3,923 1,737 679

Car repair, services, and parking ............................. 2,418 464 227 131

Miscellaneous repair services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648 183 71 32

Motion pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827 114 44 16

Amusement and recreation . . . ............................... 6,834 1,017 558 271

Health services ............................................. 7,342 2,689 1,303 400

Legal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 982 367 161 40

Educational services ........................................ 1,373 476 256 76

Social services ............................................. 3,348 845 474 210

Museums, galleries, and gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 *32 *23 *12

Membership organizations . . ................................. 1,265 324 191 109

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 4,728 1,679 860 228

Private households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 88 64 30

Services, not elsewhere classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 32 15 6

- Value equals zero or is suppressed because it does not meet standards for publication.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

<http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php>.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002. See Web

site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
U.S. Census Bureau 21

Table A6.

Average Monthly Earnings in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002

[Full-quarter earnings, in dollars]

Industry 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Total ...................................................... 4,023 3,608 1,954 3,251

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 2,448 2,136 1,661 2,060

Agricultural production—livestock . ............................ 2,399 2,137 1,838 2,123

Agricultural services . ........................................ 2,938 2,674 1,793 2,325

Forestry ................................................... *2004 *1686 *719 1,945

Fishing, hunting, and trapping ................................ *1416 *1761 *1224 1,329

Mining

Metal mining ............................................... *5900 6,219 *8351 5,569

Coal mining ................................................ 5,394 5,337 4,455 4,924

Oil and gas extraction ....................................... 6,647 5,816 3,280 5,387

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ........................... 4,178 3,892 3,189 3,702

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 4,648 4,536 2,939 4,020

Construction other than building . . . ........................... 4,310 4,465 3,175 3,829

Construction—special trade .................................. 3,709 3,399 2,306 3,121

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 3,865 3,520 2,229 3,251

Tobacco products ........................................... - - - -

Textile mill products ......................................... 2,868 2,246 2,096 2,637

Apparel from fabrics ........................................ 2,621 2,441 1,727 2,308

Lumber and wood products .................................. 3,223 2,898 2,222 2,750

Furniture and fixtures ....................................... 3,763 3,527 2,394 3,254

Paper and allied products .................................... 4,501 4,584 2,991 3,980

Printing and publishing ...................................... 3,698 3,295 1,978 3,303

Chemicals . . . .............................................. 4,867 4,829 3,151 4,153

Petroleum refining .......................................... *5959 6,127 *6902 4,728

Rubber and plastics ......................................... 4,310 4,324 2,542 3,631

Leather and leather products ................................. *4499 *4136 *1907 *3935

Stone, clay, and glass ....................................... 4,037 4,250 2,974 3,628

Primary metal industries ..................................... *4217 *3929 *3946 3,964

Fabricated metal products ................................... 3,975 4,036 2,727 3,494

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 5,852 5,179 3,231 5,282

Electronic and electrical equipment ........................... 4,899 4,344 3,190 4,481

Transportation equipment .................................... *6022 *6153 *4353 5,328

Measuring and analyzing instruments ......................... 5,127 4,743 3,695 4,694

Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................. 2,945 2,802 1,870 2,545

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... *7105 *7129 *2969

Local and suburban transit ................................... 2,258 1,936 1,373 2,104

Motor freight transportation .................................. 3,226 2,938 2,093 2,906

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,117 2,478 *395 2,034

Transportation by air ........................................ 4,352 4,382 2,531 3,832

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5118 5,104 *1887 4,405

Transportation services ...................................... 3,269 2,981 1,787 2,988

Communications . ........................................... 5,172 4,793 3,244 4,654

Electrical, gas, and sanitary services . . . ....................... *6260 *6082 3,758 5,793

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 5,098 4,520 2,630 4,463

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 4,384 3,877 2,135 3,769

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 2,929 2,555 1,744 2,505

General merchandise stores ................................. 1,859 1,673 *1169 1,605

Food stores . ............................................... 2,698 2,435 1,378 2,128

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 3,800 3,304 1,928 3,109

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 2,011 1,856 1,154 1,465

Home furniture stores ....................................... 3,223 2,807 1,931 2,503

Eating and drinking places ................................... 1,674 1,488 1,169 1,242

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 2,204 1,876 1,139 1,795
22 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A6.

Average Monthly Earnings in Colorado by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

[Full-quarter earnings, in dollars]

Industry 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 3,936 3,651 2,270 3,173

Nondepository institutions .................................... 5,769 5,086 3,148 4,900

Security and commodity brokers .............................. 6,748 6,242 4,815 5,612

Insurance carriers .......................................... 4,647 4,518 3,299 4,082

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 4,296 4,041 2,628 3,713

Real estate ................................................ 3,552 3,119 1,736 3,017

Holding and other investment offices .......................... 5,956 5,512 4,855 4,963

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 2,124 1,826 1,295 1,830

Personal services . . ......................................... 2,291 1,950 1,306 1,926

Business services .......................................... 4,474 3,634 1,597 3,876

Car repair, services, and parking ............................. 3,155 2,509 1,221 2,661

Miscellaneous repair services ................................ 3,231 2,965 1,937 2,949

Motion pictures ............................................. 3,166 3,045 1,098 1,851

Amusement and recreation . ................................. 2,520 2,297 1,347 1,981

Health services ............................................. 3,935 3,822 2,350 3,305

Legal services .............................................. 5,509 5,516 3,848 4,889

Educational services ........................................ 3,130 3,553 2,547 2,814

Social services ............................................. 2,231 2,072 1,319 1,852

Museums, galleries, and gardens ............................. *2560 *2344 *1401 2,044

Membership organizations ................................... 3,045 3,029 1,397 2,513

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 5,614 5,425 3,528 4,752

Private households ......................................... 2,202 1,711 1,312 1,870

Services, not elsewhere classified ............................ 5,518 3,055 *2649 3,905

- Value equals zero or is suppressed because it does not meet standards for publication.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

<http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php>.

Note: Earnings for workers 65 years and older may reflect lump sum distributions.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Colorado Department of Labor & Employment, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002. See Web

site at <http://lehd.dsd.census.gov>.
U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Washington, DC 20233

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

Penalty for Private Use $300

FIRST-CLASS MAIL

POSTAGE & FEES PAID

U.S. Census Bureau

Permit No. G-58