United States Abridged Life Tables, 1996

by Robert N. Anderson, Ph.D., Division of Vital Statistics

Abstract

The life tables in this report are current abridged life tables for

the United States based on age-specific death rates in 1996. The data

used to prepare these abridged life tables are 1996 final mortality

statistics and July 1, 1996, population estimates. Presented are tables

showing life expectancy and survivorship by age, race, and sex. In

1996 the overall expectation of life at birth was 76.1 years, an

increase of 0.3 years compared with life expectancy in 1995. Life

expectancy increased from 1995 to 1996 for each of the four race-sex

groups for which life expectancy is reported. Life expectancy

increased for white males by 0.5 year (from 73.4 to 73.9), for black

males by 0.9 year (from 65.2 to 66.1), for white females by 0.1 year

(from 79.6 to 79.7), and for black females by 0.3 year (from 73.9 to

74.2).

Introduction

Death rates for a specific period may be summarized by the life

table method to obtain measures of comparative longevity. There are

two types of life tables—the generation or cohort life table and the

current life table.

The generation life table provides a ‘‘longitudinal’’ perspective in

that it follows the mortality experience of a particular cohort, all persons

born in the year 1900, for example, from the moment of birth through

consecutive ages in successive calendar years. Based on age-specific

death rates observed through consecutive calendar years, the generation life table reflects the mortality experience of an actual cohort

from birth until no lives remain in the group. To prepare just a single

complete generation life table requires data over many years. It is not

feasible to construct generation life tables entirely on the basis of actual

data for cohorts born in this century (1). It is necessary to project data

for the incomplete period for cohorts whose life spans are not yet

complete (2).

The better-known current life table may, in contrast, be characterized as ‘‘cross-sectional.’’ Unlike the generation life table, the current

life table does not represent the mortality experience of an actual cohort.

Rather, the current life table considers a hypothetical cohort and

assumes that it is subject to the age-specific death rates observed for

an actual population during a particular period. Thus, for example, a

current life table for 1996 assumes a hypothetical cohort subject

throughout its lifetime to the age-specific death rates prevailing for the

actual population in 1996. The current life table may thus be characterized as rendering a ‘‘snapshot’’ of current mortality experience, and

shows the long-range implications of a set of age-specific death rates

that prevailed in a given year. In this report the term ‘‘life table’’ refers

only to the current life table and not to the generation life table.

Data and methods

The data used to prepare the abridged U.S. life tables for 1996

are final mortality statistics for 1996 and the July 1, 1996, population

estimates by age, race, and sex prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the

Census. Life tables can be classified in two ways according to the

length of the age interval in which data are presented. A complete life

table contains data for every single year of age. An abridged life table,

on the other hand, typically contains data by 5- or 10-year age

intervals. The abridged U.S. life tables are constructed by reference to

a ‘‘standard’’ table (see Technical notes).

Expectation of life—The most frequently used life table statistic is

life expectancy (o

ex), which is the average number of years of life

remaining for persons who have attained a given age (x). Life expectancy and other life table values at specified ages in 1996 are shown

Acknowledgments

This report was prepared in the Division of Vital Statistics under the general

direction of Harry M. Rosenberg, Chief of the Mortality Statistics Branch.

Jaleh Mousavi and Gail A. Parr provided computer programming support.

Registration Methods staff and the Data Acquisition and Evaluation Branch

provided consultation to State vital statistics offices regarding collection of the

death certificate data on which this report is based. This report was edited by

Demarius V. Miller, typeset by Jacqueline M. Davis, and graphics produced by

Jarmila Ogburn of the Publications Branch, Division of Data Services.

National Vital Statistics Reports

From the CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

National Center for Health Statistics

National Vital Statistics System

NVSS

Volume 47, Number 13 December 24, 1998

CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics
for the total population and by race and sex in table 1. In addition, life

expectancies at single years of age by race and sex are shown in

table 3.

Life expectancy at birth for 1996 for the total population was 76.1

years. This represents the average number of years that the members

of the life table cohort may expect to live at the time of birth (table 1).

Survivors to specified ages—Another way of assessing the longevity of the life table cohort is by determining the proportion who

survive to specified ages. The l

x column of the life table provides the

data for computing the proportion. For instance, 80,870 persons out of

the original 1996 life table cohort of 100,000 (or 80.9 percent) were alive

at exact age 65 (table 2).

Explanation of the columns of the life table

Column 1—Age interval (x to x + n)—This column shows the age

interval between the two exact ages indicated. For instance, ‘‘20–25’’

means the 5-year interval between the 20th and 25th birthdays.

Column 2—Proportion dying (nqx)—This column shows the proportion of the cohort who are alive at the beginning of an indicated age

interval and who will die before reaching the end of that age interval.

For example, for males in the age interval 20–25 years, the proportion

dying is 0.00755: Out of every 1,000 males alive and exactly 20 years

of age at the beginning of the period, nearly 8 will die before reaching

their 25th birthday. In other words, the nqx values represent probabilities

that persons who are alive at the beginning of a specific age interval

will die before reaching the beginning of the next age interval. The

‘‘proportion dying’’ column forms the basis of the life table. The life table

is so constructed that all other columns are derived from it.

Column 3—Number surviving (lx)—This column shows the number

of persons, starting with a cohort of 100,000 live births, who survive to

the exact age marking the beginning of each age interval. The l

x values

are computed from the nqx values, which are successively applied to

the remainder of the original 100,000 persons still alive at the beginning

of each age interval. Thus out of 100,000 male babies born alive, 99,198

will complete the first year of life and enter the second; 99,032 will begin

the sixth year; 98,237 will reach age 20; and 24,949 will live to age 85.

Column 4—Number dying (ndx)—This column shows the number

dying in each successive age interval out of 100,000 live births. Out of

100,000 males born alive, 802 will die in the first year of life; 166 in the

succeeding 4 years; 742 in the 5-year period between exact ages 20

and 25, and 24,949 will die after reaching age 85. Each figure in column

4 is the difference between two successive figures in column 3.

Columns 5 and 6—Stationary population (nLx and Tx)—Suppose

that a group of 100,000 individuals like that assumed in columns 3 and

4 is born every year and that the proportions dying in each such group

in each age interval throughout the lives of the members are exactly

those shown in column 2. If there were no migration and if the births

were evenly distributed over the calendar year, the survivors of these

births would make up what is called a stationary population—stationary

because in such a population the number of persons living in any given

age group would never change. When individuals left the group, either

by death or by growing older and entering the next higher age group,

their places would immediately be taken by persons entering from the

next lower age group. Thus, a census taken at any time in such a

stationary community would always show the same total population and

the same numerical distribution of that population among the various

age groups. In such a stationary population supported by 100,000

annual births, column 3 shows the number of persons who, each year,

reach the birthday that marks the beginning of the age interval indicated

in column 1, and column 4 shows the number of persons who die each

year in the indicated age interval.

Column 5 shows the number of persons in the stationary population in the indicated age interval. For example, the figure given for

males in the age interval 20–25 years is 489,370. This means that in

a stationary population of males supported by 100,000 annual births and

with proportions dying in each age group always in accordance with

column 2, a census taken on any date would show 489,370 persons

between exact ages 20 and 25 years. This figure also represents the

average number of person-years of exposure to the risk of dying during

the age interval 20–25 years.

Column 6 shows the total number of persons in the stationary

population (column 5) in the indicated age interval and all subsequent

age intervals. For example, in the stationary population of males

referred to in the last illustration, column 6 shows that there would be

at any given moment a total of 5,328,336 persons who have passed

their 20th birthday. The male population at all ages 0 and above (the

total male population of the stationary community) would be 7,305,955.

Column 7—Average remaining lifetime (

o

ex)—The average

remaining lifetime (also called expectation of life) at any given age is

the average number of years remaining to be lived by those surviving

to that age on the basis of a given set of age-specific rates of dying.

To arrive at this value, it is first necessary to observe that the figures

in column 5 of the life table can also be interpreted in terms of a single

life table cohort without introducing the concept of the stationary population. From this point of view, each figure in column 5 represents the

total time (in years) lived between two indicated birthdays by all those

reaching the earlier birthday. Thus, the figure 489,370 for males in the

age interval 20–25 is the total number of years lived between the 20th

and 25th birthdays by the 98,237 (column 3) who reached the 20th

birthday out of 100,000 males born alive. The corresponding figure 5,328,336 in column 6 is the total number of years lived after

attaining age 20 by the 98,237 reaching that age. This number of years

divided by the number of persons (5,328,336 divided by 98,237) gives

54.2 years as the average remaining lifetime of males at age 20.

Results

The expectation of life at birth for 1996 represents the average

number of years that a group of infants would live if the infants were

to experience throughout life the age-specific death rates prevailing in

1996. In 1996 the average expectation of life at birth was 76.1 years,

an increase of 0.3 year compared with life expectancy in 1995 and

represents a record high for life expectancy in the United States. The

increase between 1995 and 1996 represents the continuation of the

general upward trend in U.S. life expectancy observed throughout this

century.

In 1996 life expectancy for females was 79.1 years, an increase

of 0.2 year from 1995. Life expectancy was 73.1 years for males, a

0.6-year increase from 1995 to 1996. The difference in life expectancy

between the sexes was 6.0 years in 1996, a slight narrowing from the

difference (6.4) in the previous year. In contrast to the widening gap from

1900 to 1975 (2.0 years in 1900, 5.5 years in 1950, and 7.8 years in

1975), the difference in life expectancy between the sexes narrowed

between 1979 and 1988 (7.8 years in 1979, 7.1 years in 1984, and 6.9

years in 1988) and between 1990 (7.0 years) and 1996 (6.0 years).

2 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Between 1995 and 1996, life expectancy for the white population

rose 0.3 year to 76.8 years. For the black population it increased 0.6

year from 69.6 years to 70.2 years, the first time black life expectancy

has exceeded 70 years. The difference in life expectancy between the

white and black populations was 6.6 years in 1996, a slight narrowing

of the gap from 1994 (7.0 years) and 1995 (6.9 years). Although the

white-black difference in life expectancy narrowed from 7.6 years in

1970 to 5.7 years in 1982, it increased to 7.1 years in 1993 before

declining from 1994 to 1996.

Among the four race-sex groups (figure 1), white females continued to have the highest life expectancy at birth (79.7 years), followed

by black females (74.2 years), white males (73.9 years), and black

males (66.1 years). Between 1995 and 1996, life expectancy increased

0.5 year for white males (from 73.4 in 1995 to 73.9 in 1996) and 0.9

year for black males (from 65.2 in 1995 to 66.1 in 1996). Black males

experienced an unprecedented decline in life expectancy every year for

1984–89 (3), but annual increases in 1990–92 and 1994–96. From 1995

to 1996, white female life expectancy increased by 0.1 year from 79.6

years to 79.7 years. Increases were noted nearly every year from 1970

to 1992 when white female life expectancy reached a record high of 79.8

years. However, in 1996 white female life expectancy was still 0.1 year

less than the record high. From 1970 to 1992 life expectancy for black

females also generally increased. From 1995 to 1996, life expectancy

for black females rose from 73.9 years, where it had been virtually

unchanged since 1992, to 74.2 years, an increase of 0.3 year. Overall,

the largest gains in life expectancy between 1980 and 1996 was for

white males (3.2 years), followed by black males (2.3 years), black

females (1.7 years), and white females (1.6 years).

The 1996 life table may be used to compare life expectancies at

any age from birth onward. On the basis of mortality experienced in

1996, a person aged 50 years could expect to live an average of 29.5

more years for a total of 79.5 years, and a person aged 65 years could

expect to live an average of 17.5 more years for a total of 82.5 years

(table 1).

References

l. Shryock HS, Siegel JS, et al. The methods and materials of demography, vol 2. U.S. Bureau of the Census. Washington: U.S. Government

Printing Office. 1971.

2. Moriyama IM, Gustavus SO. Cohort mortality and survivorship, United

States death-registration States, 1900–68. National Center for Health

Statistics. Vital Health Stat 3(16). 1972.

3. Kochanek KD, Maurer JD, Rosenberg HM. Causes of death contributing to changes in life expectancy: United States, 1984–89. National

Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Stat 20 (23). 1994.

4. Greville TNE, Carlson GA. Method of constructing the abridged life

tables for the United States, 1949. National office of vital statistics. Vital

statistics—special reports. Vol 33, no 15. Washington: Public Health

Service. 1953.

5. Sirken MG. Comparison of two methods of constructing abridged life

tables by reference to a ‘‘standard’’ table. National Center for Health

Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(4). 1966.

6. Greville TNE, Carlson GA. Estimated average length of life in the

death-registration States. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital

statistics—special reports. Vol 33, no 9. Washington: Public Health

Service. 1951.

7. U.S. Bureau of the Census. U.S. population estimates, by age, race,

sex, and Hispanic origin: 1996. Census file RES0796. 1997.

8. U.S. Bureau of the Census. Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin

information from the 1990 census: A comparison of census results

Figure 1. Life expectancy by race and sex: United States, 1970–96

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 3
where age and race have been modified. 1990 CPH-1–74. Washington:

U.S. Department of Commerce. 1991.

List of detailed tables

1. Abridged life tables by race and sex: United States, 1996 .... 5

2. Number of survivors at single years of age, out of 100,000 born

alive, by race and sex: United States, 1996 .............. 9

3. Expectation of life at single years of age, by race and sex: United

States, 1996 ................................... 10

4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States,

1900–1902 to 1919–21, and United States, 1929–31 to 1996 . . 11

5. Estimated average length of life in years, by race and sex:

Death-registration States, 1900–28, and United States,

1929–96 ...................................... 17

4 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 1. Abridged life tables by race and sex: United States, 1996

Age interval

Period of life

between two exact ages

stated in years, race, and sex

(1)

x to x + n

Proportion dying Of 100,000 born alive Stationary population Average remaining 

lifetime

Proportion of persons

alive at beginning of

age interval dying

during interval

(2)

nqx

Number living at

beginning of age

interval

(3)

l

x

Number dying during

age interval

(4)

ndx

In the age interval

(5)

nLx

In this and all

subsequent age

intervals

(6)

Tx

Average number of

years of life

remaining at

beginning of

age interval

(7)

o

ex

ALL RACES

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.00732 100,000 732 99,370 7,611,825 76.1

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00151 99,268 150 396,721 7,512,455 75.7

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00097 99,118 96 495,329 7,115,734 71.8

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00118 99,022 117 494,883 6,620,405 66.9

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00390 98,905 386 493,650 6,125,522 61.9

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00506 98,519 499 491,372 5,631,872 57.2

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00544 98,020 533 488,766 5,140,500 52.4

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00710 97,487 692 485,746 4,651,734 47.7

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.00944 96,795 914 481,820 4,165,988 43.0

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.01283 95,881 1,230 476,549 3,684,168 38.4

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.01801 94,651 1,705 469,305 3,207,619 33.9

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.02733 92,946 2,540 458,779 2,738,314 29.5

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.04177 90,406 3,776 443,132 2,279,535 25.2

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.06649 86,630 5,760 419,530 1,836,403 21.2

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.09663 80,870 7,814 385,659 1,416,873 17.5

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.14556 73,056 10,634 339,620 1,031,214 14.1

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.21060 62,422 13,146 280,047 691,594 11.1

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.31754 49,276 15,647 207,474 411,547 8.4

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 33,629 33,629 204,073 204,073 6.1

MALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.00802 100,000 802 99,307 7,305,955 73.1

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00167 99,198 166 396,407 7,206,648 72.6

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00111 99,032 110 494,860 6,810,241 68.8

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00142 98,922 140 494,355 6,315,381 63.8

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00552 98,782 545 492,690 5,821,026 58.9

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00755 98,237 742 489,370 5,328,336 54.2

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00774 97,495 755 485,567 4,838,966 49.6

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00994 96,740 962 481,323 4,353,399 45.0

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.01281 95,778 1,227 475,977 3,872,076 40.4

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.01714 94,551 1,621 468,983 3,396,099 35.9

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.02348 92,930 2,182 459,601 2,927,116 31.5

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.03465 90,748 3,144 446,380 2,467,515 27.2

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.05276 87,604 4,622 427,115 2,021,135 23.1

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.08395 82,982 6,966 398,394 1,594,020 19.2

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.12205 76,016 9,278 357,755 1,195,626 15.7

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.18255 66,738 12,183 303,928 837,871 12.6

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.25936 54,555 14,149 237,528 533,943 9.8

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.38255 40,406 15,457 162,498 296,415 7.3

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 24,949 24,949 133,917 133,917 5.4

FEMALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.00659 100,000 659 99,435 7,907,507 79.1

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00135 99,341 134 397,043 7,808,072 78.6

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00083 99,207 82 495,812 7,411,029 74.7

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00093 99,125 92 495,426 6,915,217 69.8

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00220 99,033 218 494,654 6,419,791 64.8

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00242 98,815 239 493,488 5,925,137 60.0

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00311 98,576 307 492,128 5,431,649 55.1

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00430 98,269 423 490,336 4,939,521 50.3

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.00608 97,846 595 487,848 4,449,185 45.5

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.00858 97,251 834 484,325 3,961,337 40.7

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.01269 96,417 1,224 479,247 3,477,012 36.1

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.02036 95,193 1,938 471,421 2,997,765 31.5

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.03150 93,255 2,938 459,363 2,526,344 27.1

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.05068 90,317 4,577 440,808 2,066,981 22.9

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.07484 85,740 6,417 413,497 1,626,173 19.0

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.11607 79,323 9,207 374,780 1,212,676 15.3

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.17495 70,116 12,267 321,360 837,896 12.0

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.27721 57,849 16,036 250,275 516,536 8.9

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 41,813 41,813 266,261 266,261 6.4

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 5
Table 1. Abridged life tables by race and sex: United States, 1996--Con.

Age interval

Period of life

between two exact ages

stated in years, race, and sex

(1)

x to x + n

Proportion dying Of 100,000 born alive Stationary population Average remaining 

lifetime

Proportion of persons

alive at beginning of

age interval dying

during interval

(2)

nqx

Number living at

beginning of age

interval

(3)

l

x

Number dying during

age interval

(4)

ndx

In the age interval

(5)

nLx

In this and all

subsequent age

intervals

(6)

Tx

Average number of

years of life

remaining at

beginning of

age interval

(7)

o

ex

WHITE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.00607 100,000 607 99,478 7,680,814 76.8

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00131 99,393 130 397,268 7,581,336 76.3

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00088 99,263 87 496,078 7,184,068 72.4

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00110 99,176 109 495,673 6,687,990 67.4

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00356 99,067 353 494,531 6,192,317 62.5

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00439 98,714 433 492,501 5,697,786 57.7

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00469 98,281 461 490,240 5,205,285 53.0

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00612 97,820 599 487,635 4,715,045 48.2

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.00812 97,221 789 484,246 4,227,410 43.5

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.01110 96,432 1,070 479,683 3,743,164 38.8

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.01591 95,362 1,517 473,314 3,263,481 34.2

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.02502 93,845 2,348 463,748 2,790,167 29.7

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.03898 91,497 3,567 449,112 2,326,419 25.4

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.06330 87,930 5,566 426,531 1,877,307 21.4

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.09407 82,364 7,748 393,338 1,450,776 17.6

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.14211 74,616 10,604 347,547 1,057,438 14.2

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.20843 64,012 13,342 287,593 709,891 11.1

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.31626 50,670 16,025 213,550 422,298 8.3

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 34,645 34,645 208,748 208,748 6.0

WHITE, MALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.00667 100,000 667 99,424 7,387,228 73.9

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00147 99,333 146 396,994 7,287,804 73.4

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00100 99,187 99 495,665 6,890,810 69.5

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00131 99,088 130 495,208 6,395,145 64.5

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00489 98,958 484 493,702 5,899,937 59.6

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00650 98,474 640 490,791 5,406,235 54.9

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00666 97,834 652 487,508 4,915,444 50.2

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00865 97,182 841 483,828 4,427,936 45.6

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.01116 96,341 1,075 479,156 3,944,108 40.9

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.01492 95,266 1,421 473,038 3,464,952 36.4

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.02072 93,845 1,944 464,754 2,991,914 31.9

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.03163 91,901 2,907 452,732 2,527,160 27.5

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.04906 88,994 4,366 434,716 2,074,428 23.3

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.07965 84,628 6,741 407,217 1,639,712 19.4

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.11902 77,887 9,270 367,197 1,232,495 15.8

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.17863 68,617 12,257 313,206 865,298 12.6

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.25677 56,360 14,472 245,796 552,092 9.8

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.38180 41,888 15,993 168,535 306,296 7.3

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 25,895 25,895 137,761 137,761 5.3

WHITE, FEMALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.00544 100,000 544 99,534 7,965,711 79.7

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00113 99,456 112 397,555 7,866,177 79.1

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00076 99,344 76 496,514 7,468,622 75.2

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00087 99,268 86 496,158 6,972,108 70.2

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00213 99,182 211 495,415 6,475,950 65.3

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00213 98,971 211 494,332 5,980,535 60.4

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00265 98,760 262 493,155 5,486,203 55.6

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00356 98,498 351 491,652 4,993,048 50.7

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.00502 98,147 493 489,588 4,501,396 45.9

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.00725 97,654 708 486,634 4,011,808 41.1

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.01115 96,946 1,081 482,234 3,525,174 36.4

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.01859 95,865 1,782 475,162 3,042,940 31.7

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.02940 94,083 2,766 463,927 2,567,778 27.3

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.04817 91,317 4,399 446,259 2,103,851 23.0

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.07234 86,918 6,288 419,739 1,657,592 19.1

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.11269 80,630 9,086 381,663 1,237,853 15.4

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.17280 71,544 12,363 328,376 856,190 12.0

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.27543 59,181 16,300 256,366 527,814 8.9

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 42,881 42,881 271,448 271,448 6.3

6 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 1. Abridged life tables by race and sex: United States, 1996--Con.

Age interval

Period of life

between two exact ages

stated in years, race, and sex

(1)

x to x + n

Proportion dying Of 100,000 born alive Stationary population Average remaining 

lifetime

Proportion of persons

alive at beginning of

age interval dying

during interval

(2)

nqx

Number living at

beginning of age

interval

(3)

l

x

Number dying during

age interval

(4)

ndx

In the age interval

(5)

nLx

In this and all

subsequent age

intervals

(6)

Tx

Average number of

years of life

remaining at

beginning of

age interval

(7)

o

ex

ALL OTHER

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.01218 100,000 1,218 98,950 7,261,699 72.6

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00227 98,782 224 394,602 7,162,749 72.5

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00134 98,558 132 492,425 6,768,147 68.7

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00152 98,426 150 491,816 6,275,722 63.8

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00526 98,276 517 490,231 5,783,906 58.9

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00768 97,759 751 487,024 5,293,675 54.2

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00858 97,008 832 483,020 4,806,651 49.5

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.01156 96,176 1,112 478,196 4,323,631 45.0

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.01572 95,064 1,494 471,788 3,845,435 40.5

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.02158 93,570 2,019 463,108 3,373,647 36.1

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.02967 91,551 2,716 451,377 2,910,539 31.8

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.04123 88,835 3,663 435,478 2,459,162 27.7

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.05855 85,172 4,987 413,903 2,023,684 23.8

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.08672 80,185 6,954 384,118 1,609,781 20.1

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.11453 73,231 8,387 345,702 1,225,663 16.7

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.17395 64,844 11,280 296,555 879,961 13.6

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.23025 53,564 12,333 237,135 583,406 10.9

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.33037 41,231 13,621 171,855 346,271 8.4

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 27,610 27,610 174,416 174,416 6.3

ALL OTHER, MALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.01331 100,000 1,331 98,849 6,885,314 68.9

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00239 98,669 236 394,130 6,786,465 68.8

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00153 98,433 151 491,749 6,392,335 64.9

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00187 98,282 184 491,042 5,900,586 60.0

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00803 98,098 788 488,765 5,409,544 55.1

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.01187 97,310 1,155 483,837 4,920,779 50.6

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.01249 96,155 1,201 477,848 4,436,942 46.1

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.01615 94,954 1,534 471,037 3,959,094 41.7

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.02110 93,420 1,971 462,397 3,488,057 37.3

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.02915 91,449 2,666 450,951 3,025,660 33.1

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.04007 88,783 3,558 435,543 2,574,709 29.0

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.05411 85,225 4,612 415,133 2,139,166 25.1

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.07684 80,613 6,194 388,104 1,724,033 21.4

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.11359 74,419 8,453 351,523 1,335,929 18.0

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.14476 65,966 9,549 306,286 984,406 14.9

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.21693 56,417 12,239 251,642 678,120 12.0

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.28383 44,178 12,539 189,251 426,478 9.7

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.39016 31,639 12,344 126,587 237,227 7.5

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 19,295 19,295 110,640 110,640 5.7

ALL OTHER, FEMALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.01102 100,000 1,102 99,055 7,613,185 76.1

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00216 98,898 214 395,081 7,514,130 76.0

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00113 98,684 112 493,111 7,119,049 72.1

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00116 98,572 114 492,604 6,625,938 67.2

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00242 98,458 238 491,744 6,133,334 62.3

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00353 98,220 347 490,281 5,641,590 57.4

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00495 97,873 484 488,206 5,151,309 52.6

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00740 97,389 721 485,235 4,663,103 47.9

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.01087 96,668 1,051 480,894 4,177,868 43.2

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.01488 95,617 1,423 474,770 3,696,974 38.7

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.02073 94,194 1,953 466,402 3,222,204 34.2

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.03031 92,241 2,796 454,589 2,755,802 29.9

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.04342 89,445 3,884 437,991 2,301,213 25.7

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.06554 85,561 5,608 414,374 1,863,222 21.8

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.09136 79,953 7,305 382,167 1,448,848 18.1

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.14267 72,648 10,365 338,200 1,066,681 14.7

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.19376 62,283 12,068 281,808 728,481 11.7

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.29474 50,215 14,800 214,330 446,673 8.9

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 35,415 35,415 232,343 232,343 6.6

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 7
Table 1. Abridged life tables by race and sex: United States, 1996--Con.

Age interval

Period of life

between two exact ages

stated in years, race, and sex

(1)

x to x + n

Proportion dying Of 100,000 born alive Stationary population Average remaining 

lifetime

Proportion of persons

alive at beginning of

age interval dying

during interval

(2)

nqx

Number living at

beginning of age

interval

(3)

l

x

Number dying during

age interval

(4)

ndx

In the age interval

(5)

nLx

In this and all

subsequent age

intervals

(6)

Tx

Average number of

years of life

remaining at

beginning of

age interval

(7)

o

ex

BLACK

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.01466 100,000 1,466 98,730 7,024,191 70.2

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00260 98,534 256 393,535 6,925,461 70.3

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00151 98,278 148 490,979 6,531,926 66.5

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00171 98,130 168 490,293 6,040,947 61.6

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00599 97,962 587 488,511 5,550,654 56.7

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00918 97,375 894 484,782 5,062,143 52.0

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.01066 96,481 1,028 479,927 4,577,361 47.4

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.01436 95,453 1,371 473,967 4,097,434 42.9

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.01943 94,082 1,828 466,260 3,623,467 38.5

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.02702 92,254 2,493 455,405 3,157,207 34.2

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.03694 89,761 3,316 440,998 2,701,802 30.1

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.05095 86,445 4,404 421,737 2,260,804 26.2

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.07053 82,041 5,786 396,289 1,839,067 22.4

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.10275 76,255 7,835 362,260 1,442,778 18.9

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.13087 68,420 8,954 320,195 1,080,518 15.8

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.19805 59,466 11,777 268,345 760,323 12.8

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.25238 47,689 12,036 208,385 491,978 10.3

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.35515 35,653 12,662 146,241 283,593 8.0

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 22,991 22,991 137,352 137,352 6.0

BLACK, MALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.01602 100,000 1,602 98,611 6,610,684 66.1

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00275 98,398 271 392,965 6,512,073 66.2

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00173 98,127 170 490,164 6,119,108 62.4

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00207 97,957 203 489,370 5,628,944 57.5

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00923 97,754 902 486,801 5,139,574 52.6

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.01440 96,852 1,395 481,007 4,652,773 48.0

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.01556 95,457 1,485 473,690 4,171,766 43.7

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.02023 93,972 1,901 465,253 3,698,076 39.4

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.02627 92,071 2,419 454,574 3,232,823 35.1

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.03667 89,652 3,288 440,476 2,778,249 31.0

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.05050 86,364 4,361 421,509 2,337,773 27.1

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.06842 82,003 5,611 396,590 1,916,264 23.4

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.09418 76,392 7,195 364,519 1,519,674 19.9

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.13552 69,197 9,378 323,056 1,155,155 16.7

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.16448 59,819 9,839 274,751 832,099 13.9

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.24710 49,980 12,350 219,039 557,348 11.2

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.31195 37,630 11,739 158,338 338,309 9.0

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.42807 25,891 11,083 100,886 179,971 7.0

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 14,808 14,808 79,085 79,085 5.3

BLACK, FEMALE

0-1 ............................................................................. 0.01325 100,000 1,325 98,853 7,416,093 74.2

1-5 ............................................................................. 0.00245 98,675 242 394,119 7,317,240 74.2

5-10 ........................................................................... 0.00129 98,433 127 491,810 6,923,121 70.3

10-15 ......................................................................... 0.00130 98,306 128 491,239 6,431,311 65.4

15-20 ......................................................................... 0.00266 98,178 261 490,295 5,940,072 60.5

20-25 ......................................................................... 0.00408 97,917 400 488,648 5,449,777 55.7

25-30 ......................................................................... 0.00614 97,517 599 486,161 4,961,129 50.9

30-35 ......................................................................... 0.00913 96,918 885 482,496 4,474,968 46.2

35-40 ......................................................................... 0.01336 96,033 1,283 477,173 3,992,472 41.6

40-45 ......................................................................... 0.01853 94,750 1,756 469,658 3,515,299 37.1

45-50 ......................................................................... 0.02541 92,994 2,363 459,435 3,045,641 32.8

50-55 ......................................................................... 0.03654 90,631 3,312 445,304 2,586,206 28.5

55-60 ......................................................................... 0.05164 87,319 4,509 425,848 2,140,902 24.5

60-65 ......................................................................... 0.07734 82,810 6,405 398,649 1,715,054 20.7

65-70 ......................................................................... 0.10490 76,405 8,015 362,664 1,316,405 17.2

70-75 ......................................................................... 0.16305 68,390 11,151 314,929 953,741 13.9

75-80 ......................................................................... 0.21280 57,239 12,180 256,233 638,812 11.2

80-85 ......................................................................... 0.31464 45,059 14,177 189,969 382,579 8.5

85 and over ................................................................ 1.00000 30,882 30,882 192,610 192,610 6.2

8 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 2. Number of survivors at single years of age, out of 100,000 born alive, by race and sex: United States, 1996

Age

All races White All other

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

Total Black

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 99,268 99,198 99,341 99,393 99,333 99,456 98,782 98,669 98,898 98,534 98,398 98,675

2 ....................................................... 99,215 99,138 99,295 99,346 99,280 99,418 98,703 98,583 98,826 98,444 98,300 98,594

3 ....................................................... 99,175 99,094 99,259 99,312 99,241 99,388 98,643 98,521 98,768 98,376 98,228 98,528

4 ....................................................... 99,144 99,060 99,230 99,285 99,212 99,364 98,596 98,473 98,721 98,322 98,173 98,475

5 ....................................................... 99,118 99,032 99,207 99,263 99,187 99,344 98,558 98,433 98,684 98,278 98,127 98,433

6 ....................................................... 99,095 99,007 99,187 99,243 99,165 99,326 98,525 98,397 98,654 98,240 98,086 98,399

7 ....................................................... 99,074 98,983 99,170 99,224 99,144 99,310 98,496 98,363 98,629 98,207 98,047 98,371

8 ....................................................... 99,055 98,960 99,154 99,206 99,123 99,295 98,469 98,331 98,608 98,178 98,012 98,347

9 ....................................................... 99,037 98,939 99,139 99,190 99,104 99,281 98,446 98,304 98,589 98,152 97,981 98,326

10 ..................................................... 99,022 98,922 99,125 99,176 99,088 99,268 98,426 98,282 98,572 98,130 97,957 98,306

11 ..................................................... 99,008 98,908 99,112 99,163 99,074 99,256 98,408 98,264 98,555 98,110 97,938 98,286

12 ..................................................... 98,994 98,893 99,098 99,150 99,060 99,243 98,390 98,246 98,536 98,090 97,919 98,265

13 ..................................................... 98,975 98,872 99,081 99,132 99,040 99,228 98,366 98,220 98,515 98,063 97,890 98,241

14 ..................................................... 98,947 98,837 99,060 99,106 99,008 99,208 98,330 98,173 98,489 98,022 97,838 98,212

15 ..................................................... 98,905 98,782 99,033 99,067 98,958 99,182 98,276 98,098 98,458 97,962 97,754 98,178

16 ..................................................... 98,849 98,706 98,998 99,015 98,889 99,148 98,204 97,991 98,421 97,881 97,634 98,138

17 ..................................................... 98,779 98,609 98,956 98,950 98,802 99,107 98,113 97,854 98,378 97,779 97,479 98,091

18 ..................................................... 98,698 98,495 98,910 98,876 98,701 99,062 98,006 97,691 98,330 97,659 97,294 98,038

19 ..................................................... 98,610 98,370 98,862 98,796 98,590 99,016 97,887 97,508 98,277 97,523 97,083 97,980

20 ..................................................... 98,519 98,237 98,815 98,714 98,474 98,971 97,759 97,310 98,220 97,375 96,852 97,917

21 ..................................................... 98,424 98,097 98,769 98,630 98,352 98,928 97,622 97,097 98,160 97,215 96,600 97,849

22 ..................................................... 98,325 97,950 98,723 98,544 98,225 98,887 97,475 96,870 98,095 97,042 96,327 97,776

23 ..................................................... 98,224 97,798 98,676 98,457 98,095 98,846 97,322 96,633 98,026 96,860 96,040 97,697

24 ..................................................... 98,122 97,646 98,627 98,369 97,964 98,804 97,165 96,393 97,952 96,672 95,748 97,611

25 ..................................................... 98,020 97,495 98,576 98,281 97,834 98,760 97,008 96,155 97,873 96,481 95,457 97,517

26 ..................................................... 97,918 97,347 98,522 98,193 97,707 98,713 96,851 95,921 97,789 96,289 95,170 97,416

27 ..................................................... 97,816 97,201 98,464 98,104 97,582 98,663 96,693 95,689 97,700 96,094 94,884 97,306

28 ..................................................... 97,712 97,054 98,403 98,014 97,455 98,611 96,530 95,455 97,604 95,892 94,594 97,187

29 ..................................................... 97,603 96,902 98,338 97,920 97,323 98,556 96,359 95,212 97,501 95,680 94,292 97,058

30 ..................................................... 97,487 96,740 98,269 97,820 97,182 98,498 96,176 94,954 97,389 95,453 93,972 96,918

31 ..................................................... 97,364 96,567 98,195 97,713 97,032 98,436 95,980 94,679 97,267 95,211 93,630 96,767

32 ..................................................... 97,233 96,384 98,116 97,600 96,872 98,371 95,771 94,388 97,135 94,953 93,268 96,604

33 ..................................................... 97,095 96,191 98,032 97,480 96,703 98,301 95,549 94,080 96,992 94,679 92,886 96,428

34 ..................................................... 96,949 95,989 97,942 97,354 96,526 98,227 95,313 93,757 96,836 94,389 92,487 96,238

35 ..................................................... 96,795 95,778 97,846 97,221 96,341 98,147 95,064 93,420 96,668 94,082 92,071 96,033

36 ..................................................... 96,632 95,557 97,743 97,081 96,147 98,062 94,800 93,067 96,486 93,759 91,637 95,811

37 ..................................................... 96,460 95,325 97,632 96,932 95,944 97,970 94,520 92,697 96,289 93,417 91,183 95,572

38 ..................................................... 96,278 95,081 97,513 96,775 95,730 97,872 94,222 92,306 96,078 93,054 90,704 95,315

39 ..................................................... 96,085 94,823 97,386 96,608 95,504 97,767 93,906 91,891 95,854 92,667 90,195 95,041

40 ..................................................... 95,881 94,551 97,251 96,432 95,266 97,654 93,570 91,449 95,617 92,254 89,652 94,750

41 ..................................................... 95,664 94,263 97,107 96,244 95,014 97,533 93,213 90,979 95,365 91,814 89,072 94,440

42 ..................................................... 95,433 93,957 96,952 96,044 94,746 97,403 92,834 90,479 95,098 91,345 88,455 94,110

43 ..................................................... 95,187 93,633 96,786 95,831 94,462 97,262 92,431 89,947 94,815 90,847 87,798 93,759

44 ..................................................... 94,927 93,291 96,608 95,604 94,162 97,110 92,004 89,382 94,514 90,319 87,102 93,387

45 ..................................................... 94,651 92,930 96,417 95,362 93,845 96,946 91,551 88,783 94,194 89,761 86,364 92,994

46 ..................................................... 94,357 92,548 96,212 95,104 93,509 96,768 91,070 88,147 93,854 89,171 85,583 92,579

47 ..................................................... 94,043 92,143 95,990 94,827 93,151 96,575 90,560 87,473 93,492 88,547 84,757 92,139

48 ..................................................... 93,706 91,710 95,749 94,528 92,767 96,362 90,018 86,761 93,105 87,886 83,886 91,670

49 ..................................................... 93,341 91,246 95,484 94,202 92,352 96,127 89,444 86,012 92,689 87,186 82,968 91,169

50 ..................................................... 92,946 90,748 95,193 93,845 91,901 95,865 88,835 85,225 92,241 86,445 82,003 90,631

51 ..................................................... 92,516 90,210 94,871 93,453 91,411 95,573 88,188 84,399 91,757 85,659 80,989 90,052

52 ..................................................... 92,049 89,630 94,517 93,024 90,877 95,249 87,500 83,530 91,235 84,826 79,923 89,431

53 ..................................................... 91,543 89,004 94,130 92,555 90,298 94,893 86,770 82,613 90,675 83,946 78,803 88,768

54 ..................................................... 90,996 88,330 93,710 92,047 89,671 94,505 85,995 81,642 90,079 83,018 77,627 88,064

55 ..................................................... 90,406 87,604 93,255 91,497 88,994 94,083 85,172 80,613 89,445 82,041 76,392 87,319

56 ..................................................... 89,771 86,824 92,765 90,903 88,264 93,626 84,301 79,526 88,773 81,016 75,102 86,533

57 ..................................................... 89,087 85,984 92,235 90,260 87,475 93,129 83,378 78,377 88,058 79,939 73,754 85,701

58 ..................................................... 88,343 85,073 91,656 89,558 86,615 92,585 82,393 77,154 87,292 78,797 72,333 84,812

59 ..................................................... 87,527 84,076 91,019 88,784 85,670 91,984 81,332 75,838 86,462 77,573 70,818 83,852

60 ..................................................... 86,630 82,982 90,317 87,930 84,628 91,317 80,185 74,419 85,561 76,255 69,197 82,810

61 ..................................................... 85,645 81,784 89,542 86,988 83,483 90,579 78,943 72,886 84,580 74,834 67,458 81,678

62 ..................................................... 84,571 80,482 88,693 85,958 82,233 89,767 77,608 71,245 83,520 73,314 65,611 80,457

63 ..................................................... 83,413 79,081 87,773 84,841 80,881 88,884 76,197 69,522 82,388 71,718 63,691 79,160

64 ..................................................... 82,178 77,590 86,788 83,642 79,431 87,934 74,733 67,754 81,197 70,080 61,749 77,805

65 ..................................................... 80,870 76,016 85,740 82,364 77,887 86,918 73,231 65,966 79,953 68,420 59,819 76,405

66 ..................................................... 79,491 74,361 84,627 81,007 76,250 85,834 71,700 64,173 78,663 66,754 57,924 74,968

67 ..................................................... 78,034 72,620 83,443 79,565 74,515 84,675 70,131 62,364 77,316 65,069 56,047 73,484

68 ..................................................... 76,486 70,780 82,174 78,027 72,672 83,430 68,492 60,501 75,886 63,326 54,140 71,921

69 ..................................................... 74,831 68,823 80,805 76,381 70,709 82,085 66,739 58,530 74,338 61,471 52,133 70,233

70 ..................................................... 73,056 66,738 79,323 74,616 68,617 80,630 64,844 56,417 72,648 59,466 49,980 68,390

71 ..................................................... 71,157 64,521 77,720 72,729 66,394 79,056 62,794 54,149 70,802 57,296 47,663 66,378

72 ..................................................... 69,136 62,179 75,995 70,721 64,046 77,362 60,604 51,748 68,810 54,983 45,210 64,212

73 ..................................................... 67,000 59,726 74,150 68,595 61,582 75,546 58,306 49,252 66,700 52,571 42,674 61,931

74 ..................................................... 64,759 57,180 72,190 66,357 59,016 73,607 55,948 46,715 64,515 50,124 40,129 59,593

75 ..................................................... 62,422 54,555 70,116 64,012 56,360 71,544 53,564 44,178 62,283 47,689 37,630 57,239

76 ..................................................... 59,991 51,860 67,925 61,561 53,621 69,353 51,168 41,660 60,012 45,283 35,200 54,882

77 ..................................................... 57,465 49,098 65,612 59,004 50,803 67,028 48,753 39,159 57,692 42,899 32,833 52,511

78 ..................................................... 54,840 46,268 63,167 56,338 47,907 64,562 46,303 36,664 55,301 40,515 30,508 50,102

79 ..................................................... 52,111 43,370 60,582 53,560 44,934 61,949 43,800 34,160 52,815 38,105 28,199 47,625

80 ..................................................... 49,276 40,406 57,849 50,670 41,888 59,181 41,231 31,639 50,215 35,653 25,891 45,059

81 ..................................................... 46,336 37,382 54,961 47,669 38,775 56,253 38,592 29,105 47,490 33,151 23,580 42,391

82 ..................................................... 43,293 34,308 51,914 44,560 35,605 53,161 35,889 26,571 44,636 30,606 21,279 39,621

83 ..................................................... 40,154 31,198 48,707 41,348 32,391 49,903 33,138 24,064 41,661 28,040 19,017 36,762

84 ..................................................... 36,929 28,071 45,339 38,040 29,148 46,476 30,366 21,622 38,579 25,486 16,840 33,837

85 ..................................................... 33,629 24,949 41,813 34,645 25,895 42,881 27,610 19,295 35,415 22,991 14,808 30,882

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 9
Table 3. Expectation of life at single years of age, by race and sex: United States, 1996

Age

All races White All other

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

Total Black

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

0 ....................................................... 76.1 73.1 79.1 76.8 73.9 79.7 72.6 68.9 76.1 70.2 66.1 74.2

1 ....................................................... 75.7 72.6 78.6 76.3 73.4 79.1 72.5 68.8 76.0 70.3 66.2 74.2

2 ....................................................... 74.7 71.7 77.6 75.3 72.4 78.1 71.6 67.8 75.0 69.3 65.2 73.2

3 ....................................................... 73.7 70.7 76.7 74.3 71.4 77.1 70.6 66.9 74.1 68.4 64.3 72.3

4 ....................................................... 72.8 69.7 75.7 73.4 70.5 76.2 69.6 65.9 73.1 67.4 63.3 71.3

5 ....................................................... 71.8 68.8 74.7 72.4 69.5 75.2 68.7 64.9 72.1 66.5 62.4 70.3

6 ....................................................... 70.8 67.8 73.7 71.4 68.5 74.2 67.7 64.0 71.2 65.5 61.4 69.4

7 ....................................................... 69.8 66.8 72.7 70.4 67.5 73.2 66.7 63.0 70.2 64.5 60.4 68.4

8 ....................................................... 68.8 65.8 71.7 69.4 66.5 72.2 65.7 62.0 69.2 63.5 59.4 67.4

9 ....................................................... 67.8 64.8 70.8 68.4 65.5 71.2 64.7 61.0 68.2 62.5 58.4 66.4

10 ..................................................... 66.9 63.8 69.8 67.4 64.5 70.2 63.8 60.0 67.2 61.6 57.5 65.4

11 ..................................................... 65.9 62.9 68.8 66.4 63.5 69.2 62.8 59.0 66.2 60.6 56.5 64.4

12 ..................................................... 64.9 61.9 67.8 65.5 62.6 68.3 61.8 58.1 65.2 59.6 55.5 63.4

13 ..................................................... 63.9 60.9 66.8 64.5 61.6 67.3 60.8 57.1 64.3 58.6 54.5 62.5

14 ..................................................... 62.9 59.9 65.8 63.5 60.6 66.3 59.8 56.1 63.3 57.6 53.5 61.5

15 ..................................................... 61.9 58.9 64.8 62.5 59.6 65.3 58.9 55.1 62.3 56.7 52.6 60.5

16 ..................................................... 61.0 58.0 63.8 61.5 58.7 64.3 57.9 54.2 61.3 55.7 51.6 59.5

17 ..................................................... 60.0 57.0 62.9 60.6 57.7 63.3 56.9 53.3 60.3 54.8 50.7 58.6

18 ..................................................... 59.1 56.1 61.9 59.6 56.8 62.4 56.0 52.4 59.4 53.8 49.8 57.6

19 ..................................................... 58.1 55.2 60.9 58.7 55.8 61.4 55.1 51.5 58.4 52.9 48.9 56.6

20 ..................................................... 57.2 54.2 60.0 57.7 54.9 60.4 54.2 50.6 57.4 52.0 48.0 55.7

21 ..................................................... 56.2 53.3 59.0 56.8 54.0 59.5 53.2 49.7 56.5 51.1 47.2 54.7

22 ..................................................... 55.3 52.4 58.0 55.8 53.0 58.5 52.3 48.8 55.5 50.2 46.3 53.7

23 ..................................................... 54.3 51.5 57.0 54.9 52.1 57.5 51.4 47.9 54.5 49.3 45.4 52.8

24 ..................................................... 53.4 50.6 56.1 53.9 51.2 56.5 50.5 47.0 53.6 48.3 44.6 51.8

25 ..................................................... 52.4 49.6 55.1 53.0 50.2 55.6 49.5 46.1 52.6 47.4 43.7 50.9

26 ..................................................... 51.5 48.7 54.1 52.0 49.3 54.6 48.6 45.3 51.7 46.5 42.8 49.9

27 ..................................................... 50.6 47.8 53.2 51.1 48.4 53.6 47.7 44.4 50.7 45.6 42.0 49.0

28 ..................................................... 49.6 46.9 52.2 50.1 47.4 52.6 46.8 43.5 49.8 44.7 41.1 48.0

29 ..................................................... 48.7 45.9 51.2 49.2 46.5 51.7 45.9 42.6 48.8 43.8 40.2 47.1

30 ..................................................... 47.7 45.0 50.3 48.2 45.6 50.7 45.0 41.7 47.9 42.9 39.4 46.2

31 ..................................................... 46.8 44.1 49.3 47.3 44.6 49.7 44.0 40.8 46.9 42.0 38.5 45.2

32 ..................................................... 45.8 43.2 48.3 46.3 43.7 48.8 43.1 39.9 46.0 41.1 37.6 44.3

33 ..................................................... 44.9 42.2 47.4 45.4 42.8 47.8 42.2 39.1 45.1 40.3 36.8 43.4

34 ..................................................... 44.0 41.3 46.4 44.4 41.9 46.8 41.3 38.2 44.1 39.4 36.0 42.5

35 ..................................................... 43.0 40.4 45.5 43.5 40.9 45.9 40.5 37.3 43.2 38.5 35.1 41.6

36 ..................................................... 42.1 39.5 44.5 42.5 40.0 44.9 39.6 36.5 42.3 37.6 34.3 40.7

37 ..................................................... 41.2 38.6 43.6 41.6 39.1 43.9 38.7 35.6 41.4 36.8 33.4 39.8

38 ..................................................... 40.3 37.7 42.6 40.7 38.2 43.0 37.8 34.8 40.5 35.9 32.6 38.9

39 ..................................................... 39.3 36.8 41.7 39.7 37.3 42.0 36.9 33.9 39.6 35.1 31.8 38.0

40 ..................................................... 38.4 35.9 40.7 38.8 36.4 41.1 36.1 33.1 38.7 34.2 31.0 37.1

41 ..................................................... 37.5 35.0 39.8 37.9 35.5 40.1 35.2 32.3 37.8 33.4 30.2 36.2

42 ..................................................... 36.6 34.1 38.9 37.0 34.6 39.2 34.3 31.4 36.9 32.6 29.4 35.3

43 ..................................................... 35.7 33.3 37.9 36.1 33.7 38.2 33.5 30.6 36.0 31.7 28.6 34.5

44 ..................................................... 34.8 32.4 37.0 35.1 32.8 37.3 32.6 29.8 35.1 30.9 27.8 33.6

45 ..................................................... 33.9 31.5 36.1 34.2 31.9 36.4 31.8 29.0 34.2 30.1 27.1 32.8

46 ..................................................... 33.0 30.6 35.1 33.3 31.0 35.4 31.0 28.2 33.3 29.3 26.3 31.9

47 ..................................................... 32.1 29.8 34.2 32.4 30.1 34.5 30.1 27.4 32.5 28.5 25.6 31.0

48 ..................................................... 31.2 28.9 33.3 31.5 29.2 33.6 29.3 26.6 31.6 27.7 24.8 30.2

49 ..................................................... 30.3 28.0 32.4 30.6 28.4 32.7 28.5 25.9 30.7 26.9 24.1 29.4

50 ..................................................... 29.5 27.2 31.5 29.7 27.5 31.7 27.7 25.1 29.9 26.2 23.4 28.5

51 ..................................................... 28.6 26.3 30.6 28.9 26.6 30.8 26.9 24.3 29.0 25.4 22.7 27.7

52 ..................................................... 27.7 25.5 29.7 28.0 25.8 29.9 26.1 23.6 28.2 24.6 21.9 26.9

53 ..................................................... 26.9 24.7 28.8 27.1 25.0 29.1 25.3 22.8 27.4 23.9 21.3 26.1

54 ..................................................... 26.0 23.9 28.0 26.3 24.1 28.2 24.5 22.1 26.5 23.1 20.6 25.3

55 ..................................................... 25.2 23.1 27.1 25.4 23.3 27.3 23.8 21.4 25.7 22.4 19.9 24.5

56 ..................................................... 24.4 22.3 26.2 24.6 22.5 26.4 23.0 20.7 24.9 21.7 19.2 23.7

57 ..................................................... 23.6 21.5 25.4 23.8 21.7 25.6 22.3 20.0 24.1 21.0 18.6 23.0

58 ..................................................... 22.8 20.7 24.5 22.9 20.9 24.7 21.5 19.3 23.3 20.3 17.9 22.2

59 ..................................................... 22.0 20.0 23.7 22.1 20.1 23.9 20.8 18.6 22.5 19.6 17.3 21.4

60 ..................................................... 21.2 19.2 22.9 21.4 19.4 23.0 20.1 18.0 21.8 18.9 16.7 20.7

61 ..................................................... 20.4 18.5 22.1 20.6 18.6 22.2 19.4 17.3 21.0 18.3 16.1 20.0

62 ..................................................... 19.7 17.8 21.3 19.8 17.9 21.4 18.7 16.7 20.3 17.6 15.6 19.3

63 ..................................................... 19.0 17.1 20.5 19.1 17.2 20.6 18.0 16.1 19.6 17.0 15.0 18.6

64 ..................................................... 18.2 16.4 19.7 18.3 16.5 19.8 17.4 15.5 18.8 16.4 14.5 17.9

65 ..................................................... 17.5 15.7 19.0 17.6 15.8 19.1 16.7 14.9 18.1 15.8 13.9 17.2

66 ..................................................... 16.8 15.1 18.2 16.9 15.2 18.3 16.1 14.3 17.4 15.2 13.4 16.6

67 ..................................................... 16.1 14.4 17.5 16.2 14.5 17.5 15.4 13.7 16.7 14.6 12.8 15.9

68 ..................................................... 15.4 13.8 16.7 15.5 13.9 16.8 14.8 13.1 16.0 13.9 12.2 15.2

69 ..................................................... 14.8 13.2 16.0 14.8 13.2 16.1 14.2 12.6 15.3 13.4 11.7 14.6

70 ..................................................... 14.1 12.6 15.3 14.2 12.6 15.4 13.6 12.0 14.7 12.8 11.2 13.9

71 ..................................................... 13.5 12.0 14.6 13.5 12.0 14.6 13.0 11.5 14.1 12.3 10.7 13.4

72 ..................................................... 12.9 11.4 13.9 12.9 11.4 14.0 12.5 11.0 13.4 11.7 10.2 12.8

73 ..................................................... 12.3 10.9 13.2 12.3 10.9 13.3 11.9 10.6 12.9 11.3 9.8 12.2

74 ..................................................... 11.7 10.3 12.6 11.7 10.3 12.6 11.4 10.1 12.3 10.8 9.4 11.7

75 ..................................................... 11.1 9.8 12.0 11.1 9.8 12.0 10.9 9.7 11.7 10.3 9.0 11.2

76 ..................................................... 10.5 9.3 11.3 10.5 9.3 11.3 10.4 9.2 11.1 9.8 8.6 10.6

77 ..................................................... 9.9 8.8 10.7 9.9 8.8 10.7 9.9 8.8 10.5 9.4 8.2 10.1

78 ..................................................... 9.4 8.3 10.1 9.4 8.3 10.1 9.4 8.3 10.0 8.9 7.7 9.5

79 ..................................................... 8.9 7.8 9.5 8.9 7.8 9.5 8.9 7.9 9.4 8.4 7.3 9.0

80 ..................................................... 8.4 7.3 8.9 8.3 7.3 8.9 8.4 7.5 8.9 8.0 7.0 8.5

81 ..................................................... 7.9 6.9 8.4 7.8 6.9 8.4 7.9 7.1 8.4 7.5 6.6 8.0

82 ..................................................... 7.4 6.5 7.8 7.3 6.4 7.8 7.5 6.7 7.9 7.1 6.2 7.5

83 ..................................................... 6.9 6.1 7.3 6.9 6.0 7.3 7.1 6.4 7.4 6.7 5.9 7.1

84 ..................................................... 6.5 5.7 6.8 6.4 5.7 6.8 6.7 6.1 7.0 6.3 5.6 6.6

85 ..................................................... 6.1 5.4 6.4 6.0 5.3 6.3 6.3 5.7 6.6 6.0 5.3 6.2

10 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-1902 to 1919-21, and United States, 1929-31 to 1996

[Alaska and Hawaii included beginning in 1959. For decennial periods prior to 1929-31, data are for groups of registration States as follows: 1900-1902 and 1909-11, 10 States

 and the District of Columbia; 1919-21, 34 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Age, race, and sex

Number of survivors out of 100,000 born alive (l

x)

1996 1979-81 1969-71 1959-61 1949-51 1939-41 1929-31 1919-21 1909-11 1900-1902

ALL RACES

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 99,268 98,740 97,998 97,407 97,024 95,290 94,028 92,515 88,538 87,552

5 ....................................................... 99,118 98,495 97,668 96,998 96,482 94,220 91,978 83,389 83,887 81,804

10 ..................................................... 99,022 98,347 97,460 96,765 96,177 93,710 91,106 88,129 82,458 80,052

15 ..................................................... 98,905 98,196 97,261 96,551 95,885 93,235 90,385 87,144 81,506 78,963

20 ..................................................... 98,519 97,741 96,716 96,111 95,366 92,435 89,089 85,441 80,074 77,239

25 ..................................................... 98,020 97,110 96,000 95,517 94,676 91,335 87,269 83,146 78,046 74,768

30 ..................................................... 97,487 96,477 95,307 94,905 93,919 90,078 85,302 80,642 75,779 72,043

35 ..................................................... 96,795 95,808 94,482 94,144 92,976 88,573 83,118 77,961 73,127 69,078

40 ..................................................... 95,881 94,926 93,322 93,064 91,648 86,650 80,557 75,114 70,042 65,890

45 ..................................................... 94,651 93,599 91,587 91,378 89,634 84,069 77,343 72,036 66,561 62,436

50 ..................................................... 92,946 91,526 88,972 88,756 86,591 80,487 73,321 68,429 62,460 58,514

55 ..................................................... 90,406 88,348 85,110 84,711 82,176 75,557 68,182 63,947 57,555 53,852

60 ..................................................... 86,630 83,726 79,529 79,067 75,921 68,924 61,563 58,079 51,138 47,946

65 ..................................................... 80,870 77,107 71,933 71,147 67,555 60,366 53,195 50,560 43,194 40,911

70 ..................................................... 73,056 68,248 61,984 60,857 56,987 49,655 42,768 41,090 33,816 32,390

75 ..................................................... 62,422 56,799 49,705 48,170 43,903 36,735 30,789 29,729 23,552 22,960

80 ..................................................... 49,276 43,180 35,285 33,576 29,313 22,883 18,580 18,298 13,712 13,529

85 ..................................................... 33,629 27,960 20,908 18,542 15,785 11,073 8,542 8,683 6,001 6,053

MALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 99,198 98,607 97,755 97,087 96,661 94,762 93,440 91,745 87,505 86,426

5 ....................................................... 99,032 98,333 97,395 96,643 96,077 93,624 91,294 88,505 82,718 80,548

10 ..................................................... 98,922 98,160 97,151 96,375 95,726 93,054 90,346 87,184 81,249 78,775

15 ..................................................... 98,782 97,972 96,904 96,107 95,366 92,508 89,561 86,156 80,261 77,681

20 ..................................................... 98,237 97,316 96,126 95,491 94,695 91,617 88,220 84,440 78,792 75,984

25 ..................................................... 97,495 96,361 95,040 94,631 93,791 90,385 86,359 82,252 76,675 73,472

30 ..................................................... 96,740 95,430 94,072 93,826 92,861 89,009 84,346 79,890 74,378 70,747

35 ..................................................... 95,778 94,501 92,997 92,889 91,760 87,371 82,075 77,514 71,614 67,752

40 ..................................................... 94,551 93,345 91,541 91,572 90,207 85,246 79,357 74,432 68,297 64,447

45 ..................................................... 92,930 91,649 89,369 89,492 87,819 82,336 75,882 71,244 64,518 60,849

50 ..................................................... 90,748 89,007 86,070 86,199 84,158 78,254 71,518 67,553 60,118 56,736

55 ..................................................... 87,604 84,936 81,139 81,039 78,781 72,627 65,981 62,965 54,970 51,939

60 ..................................................... 82,982 79,012 73,958 73,887 71,246 65,142 58,909 56,917 48,343 45,895

65 ..................................................... 76,016 70,646 64,318 64,177 61,566 55,776 50,154 49,218 40,264 38,736

70 ..................................................... 66,738 59,681 52,296 52,244 49,950 44,588 39,516 39,668 31,023 30,217

75 ..................................................... 54,555 46,272 38,797 38,950 36,756 31,864 27,718 28,316 21,213 21,076

80 ..................................................... 40,406 31,810 24,921 25,300 25,237 18,995 16,172 17,128 11,942 12,084

85 ..................................................... 24,949 18,020 13,168 12,845 11,750 8,693 7,107 7,920 5,059 5,179

FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 99,341 98,880 98,254 97,744 97,406 95,848 94,728 93,383 89,623 88,733

5 ....................................................... 99,207 98,666 97,955 97,371 96,908 94,848 92,789 90,380 85,117 83,119

10 ..................................................... 99,125 98,544 97,784 97,173 96,652 94,402 92,008 89,186 83,728 81,390

15 ..................................................... 99,033 98,432 97,636 97,016 96,431 94,000 91,364 88,247 82,813 80,307

20 ..................................................... 98,815 98,184 97,331 96,756 96,066 93,293 90,116 86,556 81,418 78,555

25 ..................................................... 98,576 97,883 96,966 96,418 95,583 92,322 88,328 84,135 79,481 76,119

30 ..................................................... 98,269 97,551 96,544 95,996 94,933 91,182 86,398 81,463 77,247 73,394

35 ..................................................... 97,846 97,140 95,966 95,409 94,206 89,810 84,304 78,713 74,719 70,463

40 ..................................................... 97,251 96,531 95,097 94,560 93,101 88,092 81,927 75,907 71,894 67,407

45 ..................................................... 96,417 95,570 93,793 93,265 91,469 85,856 79,041 72,954 68,755 64,121

50 ..................................................... 95,193 94,060 91,852 91,327 89,075 82,828 75,456 69,452 65,001 60,415

55 ..................................................... 93,255 91,760 89,066 88,451 85,694 78,708 70,832 65,099 60,392 55,908

60 ..................................................... 90,317 88,414 85,139 84,430 80,890 73,093 64,795 59,438 54,226 50,155

65 ..................................................... 85,740 83,520 79,698 78,462 74,119 65,523 56,924 52,126 46,438 43,246

70 ..................................................... 79,323 76,720 71,955 70,100 64,873 55,449 46,774 42,741 36,916 34,721

75 ..................................................... 70,116 67,186 61,107 58,394 52,111 42,425 34,600 31,344 26,155 24,994

80 ..................................................... 57,849 54,372 46,445 43,063 36,486 27,524 21,578 19,613 15,682 15,129

85 ..................................................... 41,813 37,772 29,538 25,269 20,668 13,972 10,322 9,515 7,051 7,063

WHITE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 99,393 98,898 98,224 97,714 97,278 95,685 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 99,263 98,675 97,930 97,353 96,790 94,713 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 99,176 98,536 97,733 97,131 96,502 94,228 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 99,067 98,391 97,546 96,928 96,228 93,792 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 98,714 97,939 97,036 96,508 95,763 93,117 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 98,281 97,340 96,406 95,965 95,169 92,213 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 97,820 96,774 95,824 95,440 94,536 91,185 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 97,221 96,192 95,152 94,798 93,750 89,941 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 96,432 95,427 94,190 93,870 92,616 88,318 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 95,362 94,257 92,681 92,374 90,847 86,069 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 93,845 92,384 90,306 89,958 88,110 82,833 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 91,497 89,427 86,688 86,173 84,027 78,218 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 87,930 85,031 81,323 80,811 78,066 71,785 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 82,364 78,585 73,889 73,102 69,850 63,201 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 74,616 69,801 63,991 62,834 59,189 52,165 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 64,012 58,299 51,586 49,895 45,688 38,610 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 50,670 44,409 36,659 34,697 30,438 23,976 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 34,645 28,768 21,578 19,017 16,239 11,483 - - - - - - - - - - - -

See footnotes at end of table.

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 11
Table 4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-1902 to 1919-21, and United States, 1929-31 to 1996--Con.

[Alaska and Hawaii included beginning in 1959. For decennial periods prior to 1929-31, data are for groups of registration States as follows: 1900-1902 and 1909-11, 10 States

 and the District of Columbia; 1919-21, 34 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Age, race, and sex

Number of survivors out of 100,000 born alive (l

x)

1996 1979-81 1969-71 1959-61 1949-51 1939-41 1929-31 1919-21 1909-11 1900-1902

WHITE, MALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 99,333 98,769 97,994 97,408 96,931 95,188 93,768 91,975 87,674 86,655

5 ....................................................... 99,187 98,519 97,671 97,015 96,403 94,150 91,738 88,842 82,972 80,864

10 ..................................................... 99,088 98,357 97,441 96,758 96,069 93,601 90,810 87,530 81,519 79,109

15 ..................................................... 98,958 98,176 97,208 96,503 95,728 93,089 90,074 86,546 80,549 78,037

20 ..................................................... 98,474 97,525 96,480 95,908 95,104 92,293 88,904 84,997 79,116 76,376

25 ..................................................... 97,834 96,616 95,524 95,106 94,294 91,241 87,371 83,061 77,047 73,907

30 ..................................................... 97,182 95,783 94,716 94,401 93,489 90,092 85,707 80,888 74,810 71,219

35 ..................................................... 96,341 94,980 93,843 93,589 92,543 88,713 83,812 78,441 72,108 68,245

40 ..................................................... 95,266 93,984 92,631 92,427 91,173 86,880 81,457 75,733 68,848 64,954

45 ..................................................... 93,845 92,494 90,725 90,533 89,002 84,285 78,345 72,696 65,115 61,369

50 ..................................................... 91,901 90,105 87,690 87,424 85,601 80,521 74,288 69,107 60,741 57,274

55 ..................................................... 88,994 86,303 83,001 82,463 80,496 75,156 68,981 64,574 55,622 52,491

60 ..................................................... 84,628 80,625 75,969 75,485 73,172 67,787 61,933 58,498 48,987 46,452

65 ..................................................... 77,887 72,393 66,343 65,834 63,541 58,305 52,964 50,663 40,862 39,245

70 ..................................................... 68,617 61,384 54,138 53,825 51,735 46,739 41,880 40,873 31,527 30,640

75 ..................................................... 56,360 47,712 40,324 40,207 38,104 33,404 29,471 29,205 21,585 21,387

80 ..................................................... 41,888 32,788 25,885 25,993 24,005 19,860 17,221 17,655 12,160 12,266

85 ..................................................... 25,895 18,538 13,527 13,065 12,015 9,013 7,572 8,154 5,145 5,252

WHITE, FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 99,456 99,035 98,468 98,036 97,645 96,211 95,037 93,608 89,774 88,939

5 ....................................................... 99,344 98,841 98,203 97,709 97,199 95,309 93,216 90,721 85,349 83,426

10 ..................................................... 99,268 98,725 98,042 97,525 96,960 94,890 92,466 89,564 83,979 81,723

15 ..................................................... 99,182 98,618 97,902 97,375 96,756 94,534 91,894 88,712 83,093 80,680

20 ..................................................... 98,971 98,374 97,618 97,135 96,454 93,984 90,939 87,281 81,750 78,978

25 ..................................................... 98,760 98,093 97,299 96,844 96,072 93,228 89,524 85,163 79,865 76,588

30 ..................................................... 98,498 97,802 96,945 96,499 95,605 92,320 87,972 82,740 77,676 73,887

35 ..................................................... 98,147 97,445 96,474 96,026 94,977 91,211 86,248 80,206 75,200 70,971

40 ..................................................... 97,654 96,913 95,762 95,326 94,080 89,805 84,256 77,624 72,425 67,935

45 ..................................................... 96,946 96,065 94,649 94,228 92,725 87,920 81,780 74,871 69,341 64,677

50 ..................................................... 95,865 94,710 92,924 92,522 90,685 85,267 78,572 71,547 65,629 61,005

55 ..................................................... 94,083 92,594 90,383 89,967 87,699 81,520 74,321 67,323 61,053 56,509

60 ..................................................... 91,317 89,451 86,726 86,339 83,279 76,200 68,462 61,704 54,900 50,752

65 ..................................................... 86,918 84,764 81,579 80,739 76,773 68,701 60,499 54,299 47,086 43,806

70 ..................................................... 80,630 78,139 74,101 72,507 67,545 58,363 49,932 44,638 37,482 35,206

75 ..................................................... 71,544 68,712 63,290 60,461 54,397 44,685 37,024 32,777 26,569 25,362

80 ..................................................... 59,181 55,770 48,182 44,676 38,026 28,882 23,053 20,492 15,929 15,349

85 ..................................................... 42,881 38,774 30,490 26,046 21,348 14,487 10,937 9,909 7,152 7,149

ALL OTHER

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 98,782 98,097 96,909 95,732 95,407 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 98,558 97,756 96,400 95,051 94,482 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 98,426 97,568 96,126 94,745 94,060 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 98,276 97,387 95,864 94,460 93,646 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 97,759 96,913 95,101 93,880 92,738 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 97,008 96,107 93,792 92,925 91,321 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 96,176 95,088 92,309 91,699 89,584 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 95,064 93,870 90,470 90,046 87,402 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 93,570 92,245 87,964 87,766 84,478 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 91,551 89,928 84,575 84,501 80,507 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 88,835 86,525 80,046 80,172 74,976 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 85,172 81,732 74,150 73,893 67,660 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 80,185 75,300 66,775 65,795 58,593 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 73,231 67,179 57,797 56,038 48,649 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 64,844 57,635 47,542 45,434 38,616 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 53,564 46,362 35,987 34,531 28,968 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 41,231 34,558 25,215 24,815 20,003 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 27,610 22,279 16,299 15,337 12,433 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ALL OTHER, MALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 98,669 97,939 96,592 95,301 94,911 91,696 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 98,433 97,559 96,038 94,570 93,921 89,920 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 98,282 97,337 95,716 94,234 93,453 89,211 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 98,098 97,113 95,385 93,874 92,965 88,417 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 97,310 96,431 94,293 93,108 91,941 86,770 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 96,155 95,200 92,267 91,825 90,285 84,055 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 94,954 93,666 90,106 90,270 88,327 80,865 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 93,420 91,891 87,597 88,331 85,940 77,185 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 91,449 89,645 84,378 85,744 82,832 72,830 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 88,783 86,578 80,163 82,075 78,686 67,514 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 85,225 82,153 74,748 77,239 72,891 60,766 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 80,613 76,019 67,808 70,351 65,122 52,867 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 74,419 68,093 59,396 61,669 55,535 44,370 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 65,966 58,517 49,607 51,392 45,198 35,912 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 56,417 47,796 39,025 39,914 35,018 27,688 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 44,178 36,191 27,789 29,064 25,472 19,765 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 31,639 24,969 17,999 19,994 16,904 12,352 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 19,295 14,454 10,811 11,620 9,898 6,492 - - - - - - - - - - - -

See footnotes at end of table.

12 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-1902 to 1919-21, and United States, 1929-31 to 1996--Con.

[Alaska and Hawaii included beginning in 1959. For decennial periods prior to 1929-31, data are for groups of registration States as follows: 1900-1902 and 1909-11, 10 States

 and the District of Columbia; 1919-21, 34 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Age, race, and sex

Number of survivors out of 100,000 born alive (l

x)

1996 1979-81 1969-71 1959-61 1949-51 1939-41 1929-31 1919-21 1909-11 1900-1902

ALL OTHER, FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 98,898 98,261 97,235 96,172 95,913 93,318 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 98,684 97,958 96,772 95,543 95,055 91,710 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 98,572 97,806 96,546 95,265 94,679 91,092 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 98,458 97,669 96,353 95,057 94,343 90,363 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 98,220 97,404 95,917 94,660 93,544 88,505 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 97,873 96,996 95,247 94,005 92,336 85,961 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 97,389 96,441 94,370 93,070 90,799 83,147 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 96,668 95,719 93,123 91,670 88,805 79,879 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 95,617 94,646 91,247 89,676 86,052 75,908 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 94,194 93,009 88,608 86,793 82,257 71,061 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 92,241 90,523 84,964 82,979 77,007 64,886 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 89,445 86,951 80,162 77,362 70,196 57,419 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 85,561 82,000 73,984 69,941 61,758 49,102 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 79,953 75,382 66,064 60,825 52,358 40,718 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 72,648 67,147 56,375 51,274 42,612 32,579 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 62,283 56,499 44,841 40,540 32,981 24,668 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 50,215 44,378 33,373 30,315 23,712 17,157 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 35,415 30,543 22,763 19,744 15,550 10,658 - - - - - - - - - - - -

BLACK

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - 100,000 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 98,534 97,885 96,731 - - - - - - 92,584 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 98,278 97,522 96,207 - - - - - - 90,983 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 98,130 97,322 95,928 - - - - - - 90,339 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 97,962 97,134 95,661 - - - - - - 89,591 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 97,375 96,652 94,887 - - - - - - 87,839 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 96,481 95,804 93,513 - - - - - - 85,210 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 95,453 94,680 91,934 - - - - - - 82,194 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 94,082 93,288 89,977 - - - - - - 78,683 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 92,254 91,439 87,304 - - - - - - 74,466 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 89,761 88,834 83,700 - - - - - - 69,284 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 86,445 85,044 78,938 - - - - - - 62,702 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 82,041 79,816 72,826 - - - - - - 54,846 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 76,255 72,913 65,250 - - - - - - 46,318 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 68,420 64,391 56,102 - - - - - - 37,838 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 59,466 54,617 45,785 - - - - - - 29,654 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 47,689 43,274 34,262 - - - - - - 21,798 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 35,653 31,711 23,710 - - - - - - 14,408 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 22,991 19,939 15,044 - - - - - - 8,326 - - - - - - - - - - - -

BLACK, MALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 98,398 97,703 96,394 - - - - - - 91,772 91,268 89,499 78,065 74,674

5 ....................................................... 98,127 97,300 95,826 - - - - - - 90,082 88,412 85,195 68,589 64,385

10 ..................................................... 97,957 97,061 95,497 - - - - - - 89,393 87,311 83,768 66,377 61,730

15 ..................................................... 97,754 96,826 95,161 - - - - - - 88,610 86,152 82,332 64,478 59,667

20 ..................................................... 96,852 96,132 94,053 - - - - - - 86,968 83,621 79,057 61,426 56,733

25 ..................................................... 95,457 94,827 91,904 - - - - - - 84,227 79,516 74,540 57,736 53,285

30 ..................................................... 93,972 93,125 89,584 - - - - - - 80,979 75,083 70,344 54,073 49,867

35 ..................................................... 92,071 91,080 86,885 - - - - - - 77,221 70,049 65,873 49,865 46,541

40 ..................................................... 89,652 88,490 83,441 - - - - - - 72,780 64,710 61,353 45,414 42,989

45 ..................................................... 86,364 84,997 78,976 - - - - - - 67,346 58,432 56,589 40,563 39,230

50 ..................................................... 82,003 80,065 73,282 - - - - - - 60,495 51,748 51,880 35,427 34,766

55 ..................................................... 76,392 73,413 66,101 - - - - - - 52,426 44,436 46,581 29,754 29,987

60 ..................................................... 69,197 64,980 57,457 - - - - - - 43,833 36,790 40,506 23,750 24,194

65 ..................................................... 59,819 55,061 47,485 - - - - - - 35,371 29,314 34,042 17,806 19,015

70 ..................................................... 49,980 44,213 36,925 - - - - - - 27,236 21,741 26,923 12,295 13,829

75 ..................................................... 37,630 32,717 25,921 - - - - - - 19,456 14,419 18,854 7,494 8,892

80 ..................................................... 25,891 22,017 16,560 - - - - - - 12,186 8,239 11,615 3,894 4,831

85 ..................................................... 14,808 12,383 9,648 - - - - - - 6,444 3,660 5,605 1,747 2,030

BLACK, FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - - 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000

1 ....................................................... 98,675 98,073 97,076 - - - - - - 93,416 92,796 91,251 81,493 78,525

5 ....................................................... 98,433 97,751 96,598 - - - - - - 91,906 90,185 87,149 72,768 68,056

10 ..................................................... 98,306 97,590 96,369 - - - - - - 91,308 89,201 85,607 70,508 65,111

15 ..................................................... 98,178 97,450 96,172 - - - - - - 90,594 88,088 83,954 68,218 62,384

20 ..................................................... 97,917 97,180 95,729 - - - - - - 88,736 85,078 80,154 64,764 59,053

25 ..................................................... 97,517 96,754 95,035 - - - - - - 86,198 81,067 75,359 61,430 55,795

30 ..................................................... 96,918 96,150 94,114 - - - - - - 83,384 76,816 70,633 58,281 52,773

35 ..................................................... 96,033 95,338 92,807 - - - - - - 80,092 72,192 65,857 54,595 49,567

40 ..................................................... 94,750 94,137 90,817 - - - - - - 76,084 67,271 61,130 50,568 46,146

45 ..................................................... 92,994 92,322 88,001 - - - - - - 71,157 61,365 56,230 45,947 42,279

50 ..................................................... 90,631 89,563 84,168 - - - - - - 64,885 54,920 50,780 40,886 37,681

55 ..................................................... 87,319 85,653 79,177 - - - - - - 57,314 47,074 44,742 35,415 33,124

60 ..................................................... 82,810 80,293 72,820 - - - - - - 48,928 38,761 37,954 28,908 27,524

65 ..................................................... 76,405 73,266 64,716 - - - - - - 40,504 30,852 31,044 22,302 21,995

70 ..................................................... 68,390 64,729 54,873 - - - - - - 32,354 23,341 24,107 15,871 16,140

75 ..................................................... 57,239 53,831 43,193 - - - - - - 24,502 16,576 17,216 10,657 11,066

80 ..................................................... 45,059 41,686 31,756 - - - - - - 17,039 10,822 11,151 6,324 6,708

85 ..................................................... 30,882 28,004 21,358 - - - - - - 10,622 6,033 5,972 3,029 3,567

See footnotes at end of table.

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 13
Table 4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-1902 to 1919-21, and United States, 1929-31 to 1996--Con.

[Alaska and Hawaii included beginning in 1959. For decennial periods prior to 1929-31, data are for groups of registration States as follows: 1900-1902 and 1909-11, 10 States

 and the District of Columbia; 1919-21, 34 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Age, race, and sex

Average number of years of life remaining (oex)

1996 1979-81 1969-71 1959-61 1949-51 1939-41 1929-31 1919-21 1909-11 1900-1902

ALL RACES

0 ....................................................... 76.1 73.88 70.75 69.89 68.07 63.62 59.20 56.40 51.49 49.24

1 ....................................................... 75.7 73.82 71.19 70.75 69.16 65.76 61.94 59.94 57.11 55.20

5 ....................................................... 71.8 70.00 67.43 67.04 65.54 62.49 59.29 57.99 56.21 54.98

10 ..................................................... 66.9 65.10 62.57 62.19 60.74 57.82 54.84 53.79 52.15 51.14

15 ..................................................... 61.9 60.19 57.69 57.33 55.91 53.10 50.25 49.37 47.73 46.81

20 ..................................................... 57.2 55.46 53.00 52.58 51.20 48.54 45.94 45.30 43.53 42.79

25 ..................................................... 52.4 50.81 48.37 47.89 46.56 44.09 41.85 41.47 39.60 39.12

30 ..................................................... 47.7 46.12 43.71 43.18 41.91 39.67 37.75 37.68 35.70 35.51

35 ..................................................... 43.0 41.43 39.07 38.51 37.31 35.30 33.68 33.89 31.90 31.92

40 ..................................................... 38.4 36.79 34.52 33.92 32.81 31.03 29.67 30.08 28.20 28.34

45 ..................................................... 33.9 32.27 30.12 29.50 28.49 26.90 25.79 26.25 24.54 24.77

50 ..................................................... 29.5 27.94 25.93 25.29 24.40 22.98 22.06 22.50 20.98 21.26

55 ..................................................... 25.2 23.85 21.99 21.37 20.57 19.31 18.53 18.90 17.55 17.88

60 ..................................................... 21.2 20.02 18.34 17.71 17.04 15.91 15.24 15.54 14.42 14.76

65 ..................................................... 17.5 16.51 15.00 14.39 13.83 12.80 12.23 12.47 11.60 11.86

70 ..................................................... 14.1 13.32 12.00 11.38 10.92 10.00 9.58 9.74 9.11 9.30

75 ..................................................... 11.1 10.48 9.32 8.71 8.40 7.62 7.32 7.49 6.99 7.08

80 ..................................................... 8.4 7.98 7.10 6.39 6.34 5.73 5.50 5.63 5.25 5.30

85 ..................................................... 6.1 5.96 5.28 4.58 4.69 4.31 4.19 4.21 4.00 3.96

MALE

0 ....................................................... 73.1 70.11 67.04 66.80 65.47 61.60 57.71 55.50 49.86 47.88

1 ....................................................... 72.6 70.10 67.58 67.80 66.73 64.00 60.75 59.47 55.95 54.35

5 ....................................................... 68.8 66.29 63.82 64.10 63.12 60.76 58.14 57.60 55.11 54.22

10 ..................................................... 63.8 61.41 58.98 59.27 58.35 56.12 53.75 53.44 51.07 50.39

15 ..................................................... 58.9 56.52 54.12 54.43 53.56 51.43 49.18 49.05 46.66 46.06

20 ..................................................... 54.2 51.88 49.54 49.77 48.92 46.91 44.88 44.99 42.48 42.03

25 ..................................................... 49.6 47.37 45.07 45.19 44.36 42.51 40.79 41.11 38.59 38.38

30 ..................................................... 45.0 42.81 40.51 40.56 39.78 38.13 36.71 37.26 34.70 34.76

35 ..................................................... 40.4 38.20 35.95 35.94 35.23 33.79 32.65 33.43 30.94 31.19

40 ..................................................... 35.9 33.64 31.48 31.42 30.79 29.57 28.68 29.63 27.32 27.65

45 ..................................................... 31.5 29.22 27.18 27.09 26.55 25.52 24.87 25.84 23.77 24.14

50 ..................................................... 27.2 25.00 23.12 23.02 22.59 21.72 21.25 22.11 20.32 20.70

55 ..................................................... 23.1 21.08 19.36 19.32 18.96 18.20 17.79 18.53 16.98 17.38

60 ..................................................... 19.2 17.46 15.99 15.94 15.68 14.99 14.62 15.22 13.95 14.33

65 ..................................................... 15.7 14.21 12.99 12.95 12.74 12.07 11.72 12.20 11.24 11.50

70 ..................................................... 12.6 11.35 10.39 10.33 10.11 9.46 9.18 9.52 8.83 9.02

75 ..................................................... 9.8 8.90 8.13 7.99 7.83 7.22 7.02 7.31 6.75 6.84

80 ..................................................... 7.3 6.80 6.27 5.95 5.94 5.44 5.27 5.49 5.10 5.11

85 ..................................................... 5.4 5.13 4.73 4.39 4.41 4.11 4.02 4.10 3.90 3.82

FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 79.1 77.62 74.64 73.24 70.96 65.89 60.90 57.40 53.24 50.70

1 ....................................................... 78.6 77.50 74.97 73.93 71.84 67.73 65.37 60.45 58.37 56.10

5 ....................................................... 74.7 73.67 71.19 70.21 68.21 64.43 60.66 58.41 57.39 55.80

10 ..................................................... 69.8 68.75 66.31 65.35 63.38 59.73 56.16 54.16 53.31 51.94

15 ..................................................... 64.8 63.83 61.41 60.45 58.52 54.97 51.54 49.71 48.87 47.60

20 ..................................................... 60.0 58.98 56.59 55.60 53.73 50.37 47.21 45.63 44.66 43.60

25 ..................................................... 55.1 54.16 51.80 50.79 48.99 45.87 43.11 41.86 40.69 39.92

30 ..................................................... 50.3 49.33 47.01 46.00 44.28 41.41 39.02 38.15 36.79 36.30

35 ..................................................... 45.5 44.53 42.28 41.27 39.63 37.01 34.92 34.40 32.95 32.71

40 ..................................................... 40.7 39.80 37.64 36.61 35.06 32.68 30.86 30.58 29.15 29.08

45 ..................................................... 36.1 35.17 33.13 32.09 30.64 28.46 26.89 26.71 25.36 25.44

50 ..................................................... 31.5 30.69 28.77 27.71 26.40 24.40 23.05 22.92 21.67 21.84

55 ..................................................... 27.1 26.39 24.59 23.53 22.33 20.54 19.38 19.28 18.13 18.39

60 ..................................................... 22.9 22.29 20.60 19.52 18.50 16.92 15.94 15.87 14.90 15.21

65 ..................................................... 19.0 18.44 16.83 15.80 14.95 13.57 12.78 12.73 11.96 12.22

70 ..................................................... 15.3 14.84 13.35 12.37 11.71 10.56 9.99 9.96 9.38 9.59

75 ..................................................... 12.0 11.58 10.26 9.33 8.94 8.01 7.61 7.65 7.20 7.34

80 ..................................................... 8.9 8.69 7.68 6.72 6.67 5.99 5.70 5.75 5.37 5.51

85 ..................................................... 6.4 6.38 5.63 4.71 4.90 4.47 4.32 4.30 4.08 4.12

WHITE

0 ....................................................... 76.8 74.53 71.62 70.73 69.02 64.92 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 76.3 74.35 71.91 71.38 69.95 66.84 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 72.4 70.52 68.12 67.64 66.29 63.52 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 67.4 65.62 63.26 62.79 61.48 58.83 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 62.5 60.71 58.37 57.92 56.65 54.09 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 57.7 55.98 53.66 53.16 51.91 49.47 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 53.0 51.30 49.00 48.44 47.22 44.92 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 48.2 46.59 44.28 43.69 42.52 40.40 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 43.5 41.86 39.58 38.97 37.86 35.93 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 38.8 37.17 34.95 34.33 33.29 31.54 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 34.2 32.60 30.48 29.84 28.88 27.29 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 29.7 28.21 26.21 25.57 24.70 23.26 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 25.4 24.05 22.19 21.58 20.77 19.47 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 21.4 20.16 18.48 17.84 17.15 15.98 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 17.6 16.59 15.08 14.44 13.86 12.80 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 14.2 13.35 12.01 11.37 10.89 9.96 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 11.1 10.47 9.27 8.65 8.34 7.55 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 8.3 7.95 7.01 6.33 6.27 5.64 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 6.0 5.90 5.19 4.53 4.62 4.20 - - - - - - - - - - - -

See footnotes at end of table.

14 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-1902 to 1919-21, and United States, 1929-31 to 1996--Con.

[Alaska and Hawaii included beginning in 1959. For decennial periods prior to 1929-31, data are for groups of registration States as follows: 1900-1902 and 1909-11, 10 States

 and the District of Columbia; 1919-21, 34 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Age, race, and sex

Average number of years of life remaining (oex)

1996 1979-81 1969-71 1959-61 1949-51 1939-41 1929-31 1919-21 1909-11 1900-1902

WHITE, MALE

0 ....................................................... 73.9 70.82 67.94 67.55 66.31 62.81 59.12 56.34 50.23 48.23

1 ....................................................... 73.4 70.70 68.33 68.34 67.41 64.98 62.04 60.24 56.26 54.61

5 ....................................................... 69.5 66.87 64.55 64.61 63.77 61.68 59.38 58.31 55.37 54.43

10 ..................................................... 64.5 61.98 59.69 59.78 58.98 57.03 54.96 54.15 51.32 50.59

15 ..................................................... 59.6 57.09 54.83 54.93 54.18 52.33 50.39 49.74 46.91 46.25

20 ..................................................... 54.9 52.45 50.22 50.25 49.52 47.76 46.02 45.60 42.71 42.19

25 ..................................................... 50.2 47.92 45.70 45.65 44.93 43.28 41.78 41.60 38.79 38.52

30 ..................................................... 45.6 43.31 41.07 40.97 40.29 38.80 37.54 37.65 34.87 34.88

35 ..................................................... 40.9 38.66 36.43 36.31 35.68 34.36 33.33 33.74 31.08 31.29

40 ..................................................... 36.4 34.04 31.87 31.73 31.17 30.03 29.22 29.86 27.43 27.74

45 ..................................................... 31.9 29.55 27.48 27.34 26.87 25.87 25.28 26.00 23.86 24.21

50 ..................................................... 27.5 25.26 23.34 23.22 22.83 21.96 21.51 22.22 20.39 20.76

55 ..................................................... 23.3 21.25 19.51 19.45 19.11 18.34 17.97 18.59 17.03 17.42

60 ..................................................... 19.4 17.56 16.07 16.01 15.76 15.05 14.72 15.25 13.98 14.35

65 ..................................................... 15.8 14.26 13.02 12.97 12.75 12.07 11.77 12.21 11.25 11.51

70 ..................................................... 12.6 11.35 10.38 10.29 10.07 9.42 9.20 9.51 8.83 9.03

75 ..................................................... 9.8 8.87 8.06 7.92 7.77 7.17 7.02 7.30 6.75 6.84

80 ..................................................... 7.3 6.76 6.18 5.89 5.88 5.38 5.26 5.47 5.09 5.10

85 ..................................................... 5.3 5.09 4.63 4.34 4.35 4.02 3.99 4.06 3.88 3.81

WHITE, FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 79.7 78.22 75.49 74.19 72.03 67.29 62.67 58.53 53.62 51.08

1 ....................................................... 79.1 77.98 75.66 74.68 72.77 68.93 64.93 61.51 58.69 56.39

5 ....................................................... 75.2 74.13 71.86 70.92 69.09 65.57 62.17 59.43 57.67 56.03

10 ..................................................... 70.2 69.21 66.97 66.05 64.26 60.85 57.65 55.17 53.57 52.15

15 ..................................................... 65.3 64.29 62.07 61.15 59.39 56.07 53.00 50.67 49.12 47.79

20 ..................................................... 60.4 59.44 57.24 56.29 54.56 51.38 48.52 46.46 44.88 43.77

25 ..................................................... 55.6 54.60 52.42 51.45 49.77 46.78 44.25 42.55 40.88 40.05

30 ..................................................... 50.7 49.76 47.60 46.63 45.00 42.21 39.99 38.72 36.96 36.42

35 ..................................................... 45.9 44.93 42.82 41.84 40.28 37.70 35.73 34.86 33.09 32.82

40 ..................................................... 41.1 40.16 38.12 37.13 35.64 33.25 31.52 30.94 29.26 29.17

45 ..................................................... 36.4 35.49 33.54 32.53 31.12 28.90 27.39 26.98 25.45 25.51

50 ..................................................... 31.7 30.96 29.11 28.08 26.76 24.72 23.41 23.12 21.74 21.89

55 ..................................................... 27.3 26.61 24.85 23.81 22.58 20.73 19.60 19.40 18.18 18.43

60 ..................................................... 23.0 22.45 20.79 19.69 18.64 17.00 16.05 15.93 14.92 15.23

65 ..................................................... 19.1 18.55 16.93 15.88 15.00 13.56 12.81 12.75 11.97 12.23

70 ..................................................... 15.4 14.89 13.37 12.38 11.68 10.50 9.98 9.94 9.38 9.59

75 ..................................................... 12.0 11.58 10.21 9.28 8.87 7.92 7.56 7.62 7.20 7.33

80 ..................................................... 8.9 8.65 7.59 6.67 6.59 5.88 5.63 5.70 5.35 5.50

85 ..................................................... 6.3 6.32 5.54 4.66 4.83 4.34 4.24 4.24 4.06 4.10

ALL OTHER

0 ....................................................... 72.6 69.84 64.95 63.91 60.73 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 72.5 70.19 66.02 65.75 62.65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 68.7 66.43 62.36 62.21 59.25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 63.8 61.56 57.53 57.41 54.50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 58.9 56.67 52.68 52.57 49.73 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 54.2 51.93 48.08 47.88 45.19 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 49.5 47.34 43.71 43.35 40.85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 45.0 42.82 39.37 38.89 36.59 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 40.5 38.34 35.12 34.56 32.44 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 36.1 33.97 31.05 30.39 28.48 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 31.8 29.78 27.19 26.46 24.75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 27.7 25.85 23.58 22.74 21.38 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 23.8 22.21 20.24 19.45 18.41 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 20.1 18.88 17.19 16.53 15.87 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 16.7 15.86 14.47 13.96 13.59 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 13.6 13.06 12.04 11.63 11.48 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 10.9 10.61 10.09 9.52 9.48 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 8.4 8.38 8.36 7.28 7.62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 6.3 6.63 6.62 5.27 5.79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ALL OTHER, MALE

0 ....................................................... 68.9 65.63 60.98 61.48 58.91 52.33 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 68.8 66.01 62.13 63.50 61.06 56.05 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 64.9 62.26 58.48 59.98 57.69 53.13 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 60.0 57.40 53.67 55.19 52.96 48.54 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 55.1 52.52 48.84 50.39 48.23 43.95 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 50.6 47.87 44.37 45.78 43.73 39.74 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 46.1 43.46 40.29 41.38 39.49 35.94 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 41.7 39.13 36.20 37.05 35.31 32.25 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 37.3 34.83 32.16 32.81 31.21 28.67 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 33.1 30.64 28.29 28.72 27.29 25.23 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 29.0 26.63 24.64 24.89 23.59 22.02 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 25.1 22.92 21.24 21.28 20.25 19.18 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 21.4 19.56 18.14 18.11 17.36 16.67 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 18.0 16.54 15.35 15.29 14.91 14.38 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 14.9 13.83 12.87 12.84 12.75 12.18 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 12.0 11.36 10.68 10.81 10.74 10.06 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 9.7 9.20 8.99 8.93 8.83 8.09 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 7.5 7.22 7.57 6.87 7.07 6.46 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 5.7 5.69 6.04 5.08 5.38 5.08 - - - - - - - - - - - -

See footnotes at end of table.

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 15
Table 4. Life table values by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-1902 to 1919-21, and United States, 1929-31 to 1996--Con.

[Alaska and Hawaii included beginning in 1959. For decennial periods prior to 1929-31, data are for groups of registration States as follows: 1900-1902 and 1909-11, 10 States

 and the District of Columbia; 1919-21, 34 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Age, race, and sex

Average number of years of life remaining (oex)

1996 1979-81 1969-71 1959-61 1949-51 1939-41 1929-31 1919-21 1909-11 1900-1902

ALL OTHER, FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 76.1 74.00 69.05 66.47 62.70 55.51 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 76.0 74.31 70.01 68.10 64.37 58.47 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 72.1 70.53 66.34 64.54 60.93 55.47 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 67.2 65.64 61.49 59.72 56.17 50.83 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 62.3 60.73 56.60 54.85 51.36 46.22 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 57.4 55.88 51.85 50.07 46.77 42.14 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 52.6 51.11 47.19 45.40 42.35 38.31 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 47.9 46.39 42.61 40.83 38.02 34.52 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 43.2 41.72 38.14 36.41 33.82 30.83 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 38.7 37.16 33.87 32.16 29.82 27.31 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 34.2 32.77 29.80 28.14 26.07 24.00 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 29.9 28.59 25.97 24.31 22.67 21.04 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 25.7 24.66 22.37 20.89 19.62 18.44 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 21.8 20.99 19.02 17.83 16.95 16.14 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 18.1 17.60 15.99 15.12 14.54 13.95 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 14.7 14.44 13.30 12.46 12.29 11.81 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 11.7 11.68 11.06 10.10 10.15 9.80 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 8.9 9.17 9.01 7.66 8.15 8.00 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 6.6 7.19 7.07 5.44 6.15 6.38 - - - - - - - - - - - -

BLACK

0 ....................................................... 70.2 68.52 64.11 - - - - - - 53.85 - - - - - - - - - - - -

1 ....................................................... 70.3 68.99 65.27 - - - - - - 57.15 - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 ....................................................... 66.5 65.25 61.62 - - - - - - 54.13 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10 ..................................................... 61.6 60.38 56.79 - - - - - - 49.50 - - - - - - - - - - - -

15 ..................................................... 56.7 55.49 51.94 - - - - - - 44.89 - - - - - - - - - - - -

20 ..................................................... 52.0 50.75 47.34 - - - - - - 40.73 - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 ..................................................... 47.4 46.18 43.00 - - - - - - 36.91 - - - - - - - - - - - -

30 ..................................................... 42.9 41.69 38.70 - - - - - - 33.17 - - - - - - - - - - - -

35 ..................................................... 38.5 37.28 34.48 - - - - - - 29.53 - - - - - - - - - - - -

40 ..................................................... 34.2 32.98 30.46 - - - - - - 26.06 - - - - - - - - - - - -

45 ..................................................... 30.1 28.87 26.65 - - - - - - 22.82 - - - - - - - - - - - -

50 ..................................................... 26.2 25.03 23.11 - - - - - - 19.94 - - - - - - - - - - - -

55 ..................................................... 22.4 21.50 19.83 - - - - - - 17.43 - - - - - - - - - - - -

60 ..................................................... 18.9 18.29 16.83 - - - - - - 15.18 - - - - - - - - - - - -

65 ..................................................... 15.8 15.37 14.16 - - - - - - 13.02 - - - - - - - - - - - -

70 ..................................................... 12.8 12.67 11.77 - - - - - - 10.93 - - - - - - - - - - - -

75 ..................................................... 10.3 10.32 9.89 - - - - - - 8.97 - - - - - - - - - - - -

80 ..................................................... 8.0 8.17 8.20 - - - - - - 7.31 - - - - - - - - - - - -

85 ..................................................... 6.0 6.54 6.54 - - - - - - 5.91 - - - - - - - - - - - -

BLACK, MALE

0 ....................................................... 66.1 64.10 60.00 - - - - - - 52.26 47.55 47.14 34.05 32.54

1 ....................................................... 66.2 64.60 61.24 - - - - - - 55.93 51.08 51.63 42.53 42.46

5 ....................................................... 62.4 60.86 57.60 - - - - - - 52.95 48.69 50.18 44.25 45.06

10 ..................................................... 57.5 56.01 52.79 - - - - - - 48.34 44.27 45.99 40.65 41.90

15 ..................................................... 52.6 51.14 47.96 - - - - - - 43.74 39.83 41.75 36.77 38.26

20 ..................................................... 48.0 46.48 43.49 - - - - - - 39.52 35.95 38.36 33.46 35.11

25 ..................................................... 43.7 42.09 39.45 - - - - - - 35.72 32.67 35.54 30.44 32.21

30 ..................................................... 39.4 37.81 35.40 - - - - - - 32.05 29.45 32.51 27.33 29.25

35 ..................................................... 35.1 33.60 31.42 - - - - - - 28.48 26.39 29.54 24.42 26.16

40 ..................................................... 31.0 29.51 27.61 - - - - - - 25.06 23.36 26.53 21.57 23.12

45 ..................................................... 27.1 25.61 24.03 - - - - - - 21.88 20.59 23.55 18.85 20.09

50 ..................................................... 23.4 22.03 20.69 - - - - - - 19.06 17.92 20.47 16.21 17.34

55 ..................................................... 19.9 18.79 17.66 - - - - - - 16.60 15.46 17.50 13.82 14.69

60 ..................................................... 16.7 15.89 14.93 - - - - - - 14.37 13.15 14.74 11.67 12.62

65 ..................................................... 13.9 13.29 12.53 - - - - - - 12.21 10.87 12.07 9.74 10.38

70 ..................................................... 11.2 10.94 10.40 - - - - - - 10.11 8.78 9.58 8.00 8.33

75 ..................................................... 9.0 8.90 8.76 - - - - - - 8.17 6.99 7.61 6.58 6.60

80 ..................................................... 7.0 7.03 7.35 - - - - - - 6.58 5.42 5.83 5.53 5.12

85 ..................................................... 5.3 5.61 5.92 - - - - - - 5.34 4.30 4.53 4.48 4.04

BLACK, FEMALE

0 ....................................................... 74.2 72.88 68.32 - - - - - - 55.56 49.51 46.92 37.67 35.04

1 ....................................................... 74.2 73.31 69.37 - - - - - - 58.46 52.33 50.39 45.15 43.54

5 ....................................................... 70.3 69.54 65.70 - - - - - - 55.40 49.81 48.70 46.42 46.04

10 ..................................................... 65.4 64.65 60.85 - - - - - - 50.75 45.33 44.54 42.84 43.02

15 ..................................................... 60.5 59.74 55.97 - - - - - - 46.13 40.87 40.36 39.18 39.79

20 ..................................................... 55.7 54.90 51.22 - - - - - - 42.04 37.22 37.15 36.14 36.89

25 ..................................................... 50.9 50.13 46.57 - - - - - - 38.20 33.93 34.35 32.97 33.90

30 ..................................................... 46.2 45.43 42.00 - - - - - - 34.40 30.67 31.48 29.61 30.70

35 ..................................................... 41.6 40.79 37.56 - - - - - - 30.83 27.47 28.58 26.44 27.52

40 ..................................................... 37.1 36.28 33.32 - - - - - - 27.19 24.30 25.60 23.34 24.37

45 ..................................................... 32.8 31.94 29.31 - - - - - - 23.89 21.39 22.61 20.43 21.36

50 ..................................................... 28.5 27.84 25.52 - - - - - - 20.95 18.60 19.76 17.65 18.67

55 ..................................................... 24.5 24.00 21.97 - - - - - - 18.38 16.27 17.09 14.98 15.88

60 ..................................................... 20.7 20.42 18.66 - - - - - - 16.10 14.22 14.69 12.78 13.60

65 ..................................................... 17.2 17.13 15.67 - - - - - - 13.95 12.24 12.41 10.82 11.38

70 ..................................................... 13.9 14.05 13.02 - - - - - - 11.82 10.38 10.25 9.22 9.62

75 ..................................................... 11.2 11.37 10.85 - - - - - - 9.81 8.62 8.37 7.55 7.90

80 ..................................................... 8.5 8.95 8.87 - - - - - - 8.02 6.90 6.58 6.05 6.48

85 ..................................................... 6.2 7.09 7.00 - - - - - - 6.41 5.48 5.22 5.09 5.10

 - - - Data not available.

16 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Table 5. Estimated average length of life in years, by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-28, and United States,

1929-96

[For selected years, life table values shown are estimates; see Technical notes. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Area and year

All races White All other

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

Total Black

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

UNITED STATES 1

1996 .......................................................... 76.1 73.1 79.1 76.8 73.9 79.7 72.6 68.9 76.1 70.2 66.1 74.2

1995 .......................................................... 75.8 72.5 78.9 76.5 73.4 79.6 71.9 67.9 75.7 69.6 65.2 73.9

1994 .......................................................... 75.7 72.4 79.0 76.5 73.3 79.6 71.7 67.6 75.7 69.5 64.9 73.9

1993 .......................................................... 75.5 72.2 78.8 76.3 73.1 79.5 71.5 67.3 75.5 69.2 64.6 73.7

1992 .......................................................... 75.8 72.3 79.1 76.5 73.2 79.8 71.8 67.7 75.7 69.6 65.0 73.9

1991 .......................................................... 75.5 72.0 78.9 76.3 72.9 79.6 71.5 67.3 75.5 69.3 64.6 73.8

1990 .......................................................... 75.4 71.8 78.8 76.1 72.7 79.4 71.2 67.0 75.2 69.1 64.5 73.6

1989 .......................................................... 75.1 71.7 78.5 75.9 72.5 79.2 70.9 66.7 74.9 68.8 64.3 73.3

1988 .......................................................... 74.9 71.4 78.3 75.6 72.2 78.9 70.8 66.7 74.8 68.9 64.4 73.2

1987 .......................................................... 74.9 71.4 78.3 75.6 72.1 78.9 71.0 66.9 75.0 69.1 64.7 73.4

1986 .......................................................... 74.7 71.2 78.2 75.4 71.9 78.8 70.9 66.8 74.9 69.1 64.8 73.4

1985 .......................................................... 74.7 71.1 78.2 75.3 71.8 78.7 71.0 67.0 74.8 69.3 65.0 73.4

1984 .......................................................... 74.7 71.1 78.2 75.3 71.8 78.7 71.1 67.2 74.9 69.5 65.3 73.6

1983 .......................................................... 74.6 71.0 78.1 75.2 71.6 78.7 70.9 67.0 74.7 69.4 65.2 73.5

1982 .......................................................... 74.5 70.8 78.1 75.1 71.5 78.7 70.9 66.8 74.9 69.4 65.1 73.6

1981 .......................................................... 74.1 70.4 77.8 74.8 71.1 78.4 70.3 66.2 74.4 68.9 64.5 73.2

1980 .......................................................... 73.7 70.0 77.4 74.4 70.7 78.1 69.5 65.3 73.6 68.1 63.8 72.5

1979 .......................................................... 73.9 70.0 77.8 74.6 70.8 78.4 69.8 65.4 74.1 68.5 64.0 72.9

1978 .......................................................... 73.5 69.6 77.3 74.1 70.4 78.0 69.3 65.0 73.5 68.1 63.7 72.4

1977 .......................................................... 73.3 69.5 77.2 74.0 70.2 77.9 68.9 64.7 73.2 67.7 63.4 72.0

1976 .......................................................... 72.9 69.1 76.8 73.6 69.9 77.5 68.4 64.2 72.7 67.2 62.9 71.6

1975 .......................................................... 72.6 68.8 76.6 73.4 69.5 77.3 68.0 63.7 72.4 66.8 62.4 71.3

1974 .......................................................... 72.0 68.2 75.9 72.8 69.0 76.7 67.1 62.9 71.3 66.0 61.7 70.3

1973 .......................................................... 71.4 67.6 75.3 72.2 68.5 76.1 66.1 62.0 70.3 65.0 60.9 69.3

1972 2 ....................................................... 71.2 67.4 75.1 72.0 68.3 75.9 65.7 61.5 70.1 64.7 60.4 69.1

1971 .......................................................... 71.1 67.4 75.0 72.0 68.3 75.8 65.6 61.6 69.8 64.6 60.5 68.9

1970 .......................................................... 70.8 67.1 74.7 71.7 68.0 75.6 65.3 61.3 69.4 64.1 60.0 68.3

1969 .......................................................... 70.5 66.8 74.4 71.4 67.7 75.3 64.5 60.6 68.6 - - - - - - - - -

1968 .......................................................... 70.2 66.6 74.1 71.1 67.5 75.0 64.1 60.4 67.9 - - - - - - - - -

1967 .......................................................... 70.5 67.0 74.3 71.4 67.8 75.2 64.9 61.4 68.5 - - - - - - - - -

1966 .......................................................... 70.2 66.7 73.9 71.1 67.5 74.8 64.2 60.9 67.6 - - - - - - - - -

1965 .......................................................... 70.2 66.8 73.8 71.1 67.6 74.8 64.3 61.2 67.6 - - - - - - - - -

1964 .......................................................... 70.2 66.8 73.7 71.0 67.7 74.7 64.2 61.3 67.3 - - - - - - - - -

1963 3 ....................................................... 69.9 66.6 73.4 70.8 67.4 74.4 63.7 61.0 66.6 - - - - - - - - -

1962 3 ....................................................... 70.1 66.9 73.5 70.9 67.7 74.5 64.2 61.6 66.9 - - - - - - - - -

1961 .......................................................... 70.2 67.1 73.6 71.0 67.8 74.6 64.5 62.0 67.1 - - - - - - - - -

1960 .......................................................... 69.7 66.6 73.1 70.6 67.4 74.1 63.6 61.1 66.3 - - - - - - - - -

1959 .......................................................... 69.9 66.8 73.2 70.7 67.5 74.2 63.9 61.3 66.5 - - - - - - - - -

1958 .......................................................... 69.6 66.6 72.9 70.5 67.4 73.9 63.4 61.0 65.8 - - - - - - - - -

1957 .......................................................... 69.5 66.4 72.7 70.3 67.2 73.7 63.0 60.7 65.5 - - - - - - - - -

1956 .......................................................... 69.7 66.7 72.9 70.5 67.5 73.9 63.6 61.3 66.1 - - - - - - - - -

1955 .......................................................... 69.6 66.7 72.8 70.5 67.4 73.7 63.7 61.4 66.1 - - - - - - - - -

1954 .......................................................... 69.6 66.7 72.8 70.5 67.5 73.7 63.4 61.1 65.9 - - - - - - - - -

1953 .......................................................... 68.8 66.0 72.0 69.7 66.8 73.0 62.0 59.7 64.5 - - - - - - - - -

1952 .......................................................... 68.6 65.8 71.6 69.5 66.6 72.6 61.4 59.1 63.8 - - - - - - - - -

1951 .......................................................... 68.4 65.6 71.4 69.3 66.5 72.4 61.2 59.2 63.4 - - - - - - - - -

1950 .......................................................... 68.2 65.6 71.1 69.1 66.5 72.2 60.8 59.1 62.9 - - - - - - - - -

1949 .......................................................... 68.0 65.2 70.7 68.8 66.2 71.9 60.6 58.9 62.7 - - - - - - - - -

1948 .......................................................... 67.2 64.6 69.9 68.0 65.5 71.0 60.0 58.1 62.5 - - - - - - - - -

1947 .......................................................... 66.8 64.4 69.7 67.6 65.2 70.5 59.7 57.9 61.9 - - - - - - - - -

1946 .......................................................... 66.7 64.4 69.4 67.5 65.1 70.3 59.1 57.5 61.0 - - - - - - - - -

1945 .......................................................... 65.9 63.6 67.9 66.8 64.4 69.5 57.7 56.1 59.6 - - - - - - - - -

1944 .......................................................... 65.2 63.6 66.8 66.2 64.5 68.4 56.6 55.8 57.7 - - - - - - - - -

1943 .......................................................... 63.3 62.4 64.4 64.2 63.2 65.7 55.6 55.4 56.1 - - - - - - - - -

1942 .......................................................... 66.2 64.7 67.9 67.3 65.9 69.4 56.6 55.4 58.2 - - - - - - - - -

1941 .......................................................... 64.8 63.1 66.8 66.2 64.4 68.5 53.8 52.5 55.3 - - - - - - - - -

1940 .......................................................... 62.9 60.8 65.2 64.2 62.1 66.6 53.1 51.5 54.9 - - - - - - - - -

1939 .......................................................... 63.7 62.1 65.4 64.9 63.3 66.6 54.5 53.2 56.0 - - - - - - - - -

1938 .......................................................... 63.5 61.9 65.3 65.0 63.2 66.8 52.9 51.7 54.3 - - - - - - - - -

1937 .......................................................... 60.0 58.0 62.4 61.4 59.3 63.8 50.3 48.3 52.5 - - - - - - - - -

1936 .......................................................... 58.5 56.6 60.6 59.8 58.0 61.9 49.0 47.0 51.4 - - - - - - - - -

1935 .......................................................... 61.7 59.9 63.9 62.9 61.0 65.0 53.1 51.3 55.2 - - - - - - - - -

1934 .......................................................... 61.1 59.3 63.3 62.4 60.5 64.6 51.8 50.2 53.7 - - - - - - - - -

1933 .......................................................... 63.3 61.7 65.1 64.3 62.7 66.3 54.7 53.5 56.0 - - - - - - - - -

1932 .......................................................... 62.1 61.0 63.5 63.2 62.0 64.5 53.7 52.8 54.6 - - - - - - - - -

1931 .......................................................... 61.1 59.4 63.1 62.6 60.8 64.7 50.4 49.5 51.5 - - - - - - - - -

1930 .......................................................... 59.7 58.1 61.6 61.4 59.7 63.5 48.1 47.3 49.2 - - - - - - - - -

1929 .......................................................... 57.1 55.8 58.7 58.6 57.2 60.3 46.7 45.7 47.8 - - - - - - - - -

See footnotes at end of table.

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 17
Table 5. Estimated average length of life in years, by race and sex: Death-registration States, 1900-28, and United States,

1929-96--Con.

[For selected years, life table values shown are estimates; see Technical notes. Beginning 1970 excludes deaths of nonresidents of the United States; see Technical notes]

Area and year

All races White All other

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

Total Black

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

DEATH-REGISTRATION STATES

1928 .......................................................... 56.8 55.6 58.3 58.4 57.0 60.0 46.3 45.6 47.0 - - - - - - - - -

1927 .......................................................... 60.4 59.0 62.1 62.0 60.5 63.9 48.2 47.6 48.9 - - - - - - - - -

1926 .......................................................... 56.7 55.5 58.0 58.2 57.0 59.6 44.6 43.7 45.6 - - - - - - - - -

1925 .......................................................... 59.0 57.6 60.6 60.7 59.3 62.4 45.7 44.9 46.7 - - - - - - - - -

1924 .......................................................... 59.7 58.1 61.5 61.4 59.8 63.4 46.6 45.5 47.8 - - - - - - - - -

1923 .......................................................... 57.2 56.1 58.5 58.3 57.1 59.6 48.3 47.7 48.9 - - - - - - - - -

1922 .......................................................... 59.6 58.4 61.0 60.4 59.1 61.9 52.4 51.8 53.0 - - - - - - - - -

1921 .......................................................... 60.8 60.0 61.8 61.8 60.8 62.9 51.5 51.6 51.3 - - - - - - - - -

1920 .......................................................... 54.1 53.6 54.6 54.9 54.4 55.6 45.3 45.5 45.2 - - - - - - - - -

1919 .......................................................... 54.7 53.5 56.0 55.8 54.5 57.4 44.5 44.5 44.4 - - - - - - - - -

1918 .......................................................... 39.1 36.6 42.2 39.8 37.1 43.2 31.1 29.9 32.5 - - - - - - - - -

1917 .......................................................... 50.9 48.4 54.0 52.0 49.3 55.3 38.8 37.0 40.8 - - - - - - - - -

1916 .......................................................... 51.7 49.6 54.3 52.5 50.2 55.2 41.3 39.6 43.1 - - - - - - - - -

1915 .......................................................... 54.5 52.5 56.8 55.1 53.1 57.5 38.9 37.5 40.5 - - - - - - - - -

1914 .......................................................... 54.2 52.0 56.8 54.9 52.7 57.5 38.9 37.1 40.8 - - - - - - - - -

1913 .......................................................... 52.5 50.3 55.0 53.0 50.8 55.7 38.4 36.7 40.3 - - - - - - - - -

1912 .......................................................... 53.5 51.5 55.9 53.9 51.9 56.2 37.9 35.9 40.0 - - - - - - - - -

1911 .......................................................... 52.6 50.9 54.4 53.0 51.3 54.9 36.4 34.6 38.2 - - - - - - - - -

1910 .......................................................... 50.0 48.4 51.8 50.3 48.6 52.0 35.6 33.8 37.5 - - - - - - - - -

1909 .......................................................... 52.1 50.5 53.8 52.5 50.9 54.2 35.7 34.2 37.3 - - - - - - - - -

1908 .......................................................... 51.1 49.5 52.8 51.5 49.9 53.3 34.9 33.8 36.0 - - - - - - - - -

1907 .......................................................... 47.6 45.6 49.9 48.1 46.0 50.4 32.5 31.1 34.0 - - - - - - - - -

1906 .......................................................... 48.7 46.9 50.8 49.3 47.3 51.4 32.9 31.8 33.9 - - - - - - - - -

1905 .......................................................... 48.7 47.3 50.2 49.1 47.6 50.6 31.3 29.6 33.1 - - - - - - - - -

1904 .......................................................... 47.6 46.2 49.1 48.0 46.6 49.5 30.8 29.1 32.7 - - - - - - - - -

1903 .......................................................... 50.5 49.1 52.0 50.9 49.5 52.5 33.1 31.7 34.6 - - - - - - - - -

1902 .......................................................... 51.5 49.8 53.4 51.9 50.2 53.8 34.6 32.9 36.4 - - - - - - - - -

1901 .......................................................... 49.1 47.6 50.6 49.4 48.0 51.0 33.7 32.2 35.3 - - - - - - - - -

1900 .......................................................... 47.3 46.3 48.3 47.6 46.6 48.7 33.0 32.5 33.5 - - - - - - - - -

 - - - Data not available. 1 Alaska included in 1959 and Hawaii in 1960. 2 Deaths based on a 50-percent sample. 3 Figures by race exclude data for residents of New Jersey; see Technical notes.

18 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998
Technical notes

The life table program—Three series of life tables are prepared

by the National Center for Health Statistics—complete, preliminary

abridged, and final abridged. The complete life tables for the U.S.

population are based on decennial census data and deaths for a 3-

year period around the census year. Preliminary abridged life tables

are based on a substantial sample (approximately 90 percent) of

death records. Estimates of life expectancy from the preliminary

series are published biannually. The final abridged life tables (referred

to in this section as ‘‘abridged life tables’’) are based on a complete

count of all reported deaths.

Available annually since 1945, the final abridged life tables are

based on deaths occurring during the calendar year and on midyear

postcensal population estimates provided by the U.S. Bureau of the

Census. Beginning with 1945, abridged life tables have been constructed by reference to a standard table (4). Methodology developed

by Greville was used in constructing life tables for 1945–52. Since 1953

a modified method has been employed (5). U.S. life tables for the

decennial period 1979–81 are used as the standard table in constructing

the 1996 abridged life tables.

Geographic coverage—The geographic areas covered in life

tables before 1929–31 were limited to the death-registration areas. Life

tables for 1900–1902 and 1909–11 were constructed using mortality

data from the 1900 death-registration States (10 States and the District

of Columbia) and for 1919–21 from the 1920 death-registration States

(34 States and the District of Columbia). The tables for 1929–31 through

1958 cover the conterminous United States. Decennial life table values

for the 3-year period 1959–61 were derived from data that include both

Alaska and Hawaii for each year (table 4). Data for each year shown

in table 5 include Alaska beginning in 1959 and Hawaii beginning in

1960. However, it is not believed that the inclusion of these two States

materially affects life table values.

Revised life table values, 1961–89—Life table values for 1960–69,

1970–79, and 1980–89 were constructed using the U.S. decennial life

tables for 1959–61, 1969–71, and 1979–81, respectively, as the standard tables. The life table values for years prior to 1989 appearing in

this publication are based on revised intercensal estimates of the

populations for those years. As a result, the life table values for these

years may differ from the life table values for those years published in

Vital Statistics of the United States for 1989 and earlier years. Life table

values for 1991 and later are based on postcensal population estimates

and will be recalculated when intercensal estimates become available.

New Jersey data, 1962–64—The life tables for 1962 and 1963 for

the six population groups involving race do not include data from New

Jersey, which omitted the item on race from its certificates of live birth,

death, and fetal death in use at the beginning of 1962. The item was

restored during the latter part of 1962. However, the certificate revision

without this item was used for most of 1962 as well as for 1963. For

computing vital rates, populations by age, race, and sex (excluding New

Jersey) were estimated to obtain comparable denominators. Approximately 7 percent of the New Jersey death records for 1964 did not

contain the race designation. When the records were being electronically processed for this State, the ‘‘race not stated’’ deaths were

proportionally allocated to white or to black.

Nonresidents—Beginning in 1970 the deaths of nonresidents of the

United States have been excluded from the life table statistics.

Estimates for single calendar years—Annual abridged life tables

were initiated in 1945 for white males, white females, all other males,

and all other females. The figures in table 5 by race and sex for the

following years were estimated using a procedure other than the

abridged life table methodology (6).

Population bases for computing life tables—The population used

for computing life table values shown in this section (furnished by the

U.S. Bureau of the Census) represents the resident population of the

United States. The populations used for computing the 1996 life table

values are based on the July 1, 1996, population estimates that are

consistent with the 1990 census (7). The 1990 census counts by race

and age were modified. Race was modified to be consistent with the

Office of Management and Budget categories and historical categories for mortality data. The modification procedures for race and age

are described in a census report (8).

Years Race and sex

1900–45 .................. Total

1900–47 .................. Male

1900–47 .................. Female

1900–50 .................. White

1900–44 .................. White male

1900–44 .................. White female

1900–50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All other

1900–44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All other male

1900–44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All other female

National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998 19
Suggested citation

Anderson RN. United States abridged life tables, 1996. National vital

statistics reports; vol 47 no. 13. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for

Health Statistics. 1998.

To receive this publication regularly, contact the National Center

for Health Statistics by calling 301-436-8500

E-mail: nchsquery@cdc.gov

Internet: www.cdc.gov/nchswww/

National Center for Health Statistics

Director, Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D.

Deputy Director, Jack R. Anderson

Division of Vital Statistics

Director, Mary Anne Freedman

Copyright information

All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be

reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however,

is appreciated.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF

HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics

6525 Belcrest Road

Hyattsville, Maryland 20782-2003

DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 99–1120

9-0085 (12/98)

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

Contents

Abstract ...................................... 1

Introduction ................................... 1

Data and methods .............................. 1

Explanation of the columns of the life table .......... 2

Results ...................................... 2

References ................................... 3

List of detailed tables ............................ 4

Technical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

This document is hereby certified as an

official Federal document and is fully admissible as evidence in Federal court. Under

Federal Rule of Evidence 902: ‘‘Selfauthentication,’’ (FED.R.EVID.902), no

extrinsic evidence of authenticity, that is

seal or stamp, is required as a condition for

admissibility of this document as evidence

in court.

20 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 47, No. 13, December 24, 1998

FIRST CLASS MAIL

POSTAGE & FEES PAID

CDC/NCHS

PERMIT NO. G-284