Executive Summary

A new information source, the Local

Employment Dynamics (LED) program for

Missouri, shows:

• The workforce is aging. From 1995

through 2002, an increasing percentage of the workforce was 45 years and

older. The proportion of people 65

years and older who continue working

has also increased, but slightly.

• Industries in which more than 1-in-5

workers were 55 years and older in

2002 include: local/suburban transit

and real estate. Of these, the real

estate industry employed more than

5,000 older workers.

• An example of an industry with a high

turnover rate for workers 55 years and

older is business services.

• An example of an industry with a low

turnover rate for older workers is

health services.

• Industries where workers 65 years and

over are most likely to be employed

include health services, business services, and eating and drinking places.

• On average, in 2002, for workers 65

years and over, 4,310 jobs were created and 6,326 were lost. 

• Of the industries that employed more

than 500 workers 65 years and older,

the highest paying was legal services

($4,122 a month). The industry with

the highest average monthly earnings

in 2002 for workers 65 years and older

was security/commodity brokers

($6,430), but the number of such

workers was only 388. 

Introduction

A large wave of workers born during the

Baby Boom of 1946 to 1964 will be leaving the workforce over the next few

decades. A larger share than in past generations may “retire” to collect the pensions they earned over their work life and

then continue working part-time or in

more flexible working arrangements.1

Decision makers are looking at the economic and policy implications for a wide

range of programs and institutions,

including Social Security and Medicare;

financial markets; the housing market;

and recreation, transportation, and healthcare systems.

What the workforce of the future looks

like will depend on many factors. This

report focuses on one possible scenario

that some scholars consider to be reasonable. It assumes that Baby Boomers replicate the retirement behavior of previous

generations and that immigrant workers

do not fill all of the jobs left vacant by

these retirements. If these assumptions

prove accurate:

The United States will lose the services

of millions of highly skilled, experienced workers. Because of the baby

U.S.Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Issued May 2004

LED/OW-MO

A Profile Of Older Workers In Missouri

By 

Nick Carroll 

and 

Cynthia Taeuber

Sponsored by the 

National Institute on Aging

National Institutes of Health

Department of Health and 

Human Services

Local Employment Dynamics

1 The term “retirees” refers to workers who collect

pensions - who may have varied labor market experiences. Some may completely leave the labor force

and others may continue to work. Of those who continue to work while they receive pensions, some may

work fewer than 35 hours a week, some may work

only part of the year, and others may continue in the

labor force year-round and full-time. 

U S C E N S U S B U R E A U

Helping You Make Informed Decisions

Missouri Department of

Economic Development 

Missouri Economic Research

& Information Center 
dearth that followed the Baby

Boom, there will not be many

new workers to replace them,

even as the senior adult population grows significantly. Labor

force growth is expected to fall

from 1.1 percent per year in the

1990s to 0.36 percent per year

in the period 2010 to 2020.2

Regardless of how the future

unfolds, information about the

workforce decisions made by the

Baby Boomers can be useful to a

number of groups. Decision makers in Missouri need to know which

industries and regions of the state

are likely to be most affected by

changes in the size and composition of the labor force in coming

decades. Similarly, businesses need

such information both to make

more informed plans for transitions

and to pinpoint potential problem

areas and new opportunities. Older

workers who want to continue

working need to know in what

industries and in what areas of

Missouri jobs are available, how

flexible businesses are about their

working arrangements, and the

level of earnings they can expect.

The Census Bureau, together with

state partners, is developing several

new sources of information to 

support these needs. The Local

Employment Dynamics (LED) 

program, one of the newest

resources, produces workforce indicators that are updated every quarter for each partner state and its

metropolitan areas, counties, and

Workforce Investment Areas.3

Statistics are available without cost

on the program’s Web site

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov/ and

additional indicators are available

from partner states. The statistics

are historical and come from multiple, high-quality information

sources that include most of the

working population (see “Sources

and Accuracy of the Data” at the

end of this report for additional

information about coverage). 

The LED program is a partnership

between the Census Bureau and

participating states. As of February

2004, 29 states are partners with

the Census Bureau in creating this

information.4 Those 29 states cover

about 65 percent of America’s workers. Additional states are planning

to join the partnership.

This report uses Quarterly

Workforce Indicators (QWIs) from

the LED program for the state of

Missouri to focus on two groups of

older workers: those who are likely

to be receiving pension income (65

and older), and the preretirement

group (55-64 years old). People in

the preretirement group may collect

pensions within the next ten years,

but may or may not continue to

participate in the labor force. 

With the LED, we can respond to

questions such as:

What changes are occurring in

the age composition of the workforce in a geographic area?

Which industries will be most

affected by the departure of

older workers from the workforce?

In what industries do older people tend to continue working

and under what circumstances?

Which industries create jobs for

older workers? Suffer the most

job losses? 

Which industries have the lowest

job turnover rates for older

workers?

How much do older workers

earn in various industry groups

and geographic areas?

As the LED statistics in this report

show, older workers in Missouri

have been an increasing proportion

of the labor force. We learn from

the LED information that older

workers tend to be employed in

the same industries that employ

large numbers of younger workers,

but the best-paid are those who

work in security and commodity

brokers and food and kindred

products firms. We do not know

yet whether Missouri will undergo

rapid and massive changes, or

gradual changes due to the retirement of experienced workers of

the Baby Boom generation along

with the movement of workers into

and out of Missouri. We do know

that both have the potential to

affect the age distribution of the

workforce significantly. Planners

in Missouri will be able to keep an

eye on the impact of such factors

and emerging trends by using the

LED statistics.

How is the age composition of

the workforce in Missouri

changing?

The aging of Baby Boom workers

led to an increase in the proportion

of the workforce 45 years and

older from 1995 to 2002 in

2 U.S. Census Bureau

2 Penner, Rudolph, Pamela Perun, and

Eugene Steuerle. "Legal and Institutional

Impediments to Partial Retirement and PartTime Work by Older Workers," The Urban

Institute, 2002. 3 Other related information sources from

the Census Bureau include the American

Community Survey www.census.gov/acs/www/

and the economic census

www.census.gov/epcd/www/econ2002.html.

4 As of February 2004, the partner states

whose data were being processed were: CA,

CO, FL, IA, ID, IL, KS, MD, MN, MO, MT, NC,

NJ, NM, OK, OR, PA, TX, VA, WA, WI, and WV.

Additional partner states include: AR, DE, GA,

KY, ME, MI, and ND. This is an ongoing project and additional states are expected to join.

Quarterly Workforce

Indicators for partner states

and detailed information

about the LED program are

available at:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov/.
Missouri. Many planners anticipate

this proportion will grow even

more rapidly over the next two

decades unless a large influx of

younger workers comes into

Missouri. In 1995, about 72 percent of Missouri workers were 14-

to-44 years old (Figure 1). By

2002, that figure had dropped to

about 66 percent of workers.

Seventeen percent of Missouri

workers were 45-to-54 years old in

1995 and 21 percent were in that

age group in 2002.

The falling share of younger workers occurred across the economy

of Missouri. The share of workers

in Missouri who are 65 and older,

the traditional age when most

workers leave the labor force permanently, increased from about

2.5 percent to 3.0 percent from

1995 to 2002.

Which industries will be most

affected by the aging

workforce? 

Unless there is an infusion of new

workers from outside Missouri, or

from other Missouri industries, the

industries identified in Figure 2 are

those likely to be most affected by

the aging of the workforce.5 If

older workers seek either more

flexibility in hours or leave these

industries completely, companies

may suffer a considerable loss of

skills and knowledge. Thus, industries with a high proportion of

workers near retirement might

need, for example, to plan for

increased training to respond to

the loss of older workers and their

institutional knowledge. 

Figure 2 shows that the local/suburban transit industry in Missouri

had a high proportion of older

workers — 16.6 percent were 55-

64 years old and 11.0 percent

were 65 years and older. Other

industries with a relatively high

proportion of workers 55 years

and 

U.S. Census Bureau 3

Beginning-of-Quarter

Employment

Total number of workers who

were employed by the same

employer in the reference

and previous quarters.

Figure 1.

Missouri Workforce by Age Group: 1995 to 2002

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program's 

Web site: http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

(Percent of beginning-of-quarter employment)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Jul-95 Jul-96 Jul-97 Jul-98 Jul-99 Jul-00 Jul-01 Jul-02

65+

14-44

45-54

55-64 

Skill Level

Quarters of work experience

5 Because the QWIs come from a mixture

of sources, they are not directly comparable

with statistics from worker-based surveys

such as the decennial census, the American

Community Survey, and the Current

Population Survey. Industries are based on

the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)

system. The LED program will convert from

the SIC system to the North American

Industry Classification System (NAICS) in

early 2004. Some classification titles appear

to be similar but the detailed industry

groups that compose the categories may differ between the SIC and NAICS systems. 
older included transportation by

air (19.0 percent), measuring/

analyzing instruments (17.7 percent), and apparel from fabrics

(18.8 percent). Of these three

industries, transportation by air

has a relatively large number of

older workers, employing more

than 5,000 workers 55 years and

older (Appendix Table A1). 

The demand for older workers

and job stability

An indicator of the degree to which

businesses need older workers is

the turnover rate of older workers

within an industry. Industries with

a history of relatively high

turnover rates may have little need

for specific skills and may find it

easy to replace employees. As a

result, firms in such industries may

be likely to pay relatively low

wages. A relatively low turnover

rate for a specific age group, such

as older workers, may indicate that

workers in that age group are relatively skilled or not readily

replaced. The LED data enable us,

for the first time, to identify the

nature of demand for older workers in particular industries. 

The job turnover rate is also a

measure of job stability. Older

workers who work in low turnover

industries may spend less time

looking for work and retraining for

new jobs. The average quarterly

turnover rate for all workers in

Missouri was 11.4 percent in 2002

(although this includes the relatively high turnover rates of teenagers

and young adults).6 For workers

65 years and older, it was 8.9 percent; for those 55 years and older,

8.2 percent. 

The industries in Figure 2 with the

highest average quarterly turnover

rates for workers 55-64 years old

in 2002 were local/suburban transit (average quarterly turnover rate

of 10.5 percent) and motor freight

transportation (9.1 percent).

4 U.S. Census Bureau

Figure 2.

Selected Industries With a High Proportion of 

Older Workers by Age for Missouri: 2002

Note: Details do not cover the total workforce in these age categories.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and 

Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, 

Appendix Table A1 and Web site: http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

Total, all industries

Fabricated metal 

products

Educational services

Real estate

Motor freight

transportation

Stone, clay and glass

Electronic/electrical

equipment

Apparel from fabrics

Measuring/analyzing

instruments

Local/suburban transit

Transportation by air

55-64

65+

(Percent of industry's workers. Includes only industries that employed 

100 or more workers in each age category in Missouri)

17.8

1.2

16.6

11.0

15.4

2.3

15.1 

3.7

14.9 

1.6

14.2 

2.2

14.0

2.8

13.9

7.2

13.9

3.5

13.5 

2.0

10.1

3.0

Turnover Rate — A measure

of workforce stability, the

turnover rate reflects the

movement of workers into

and out of jobs.

Turnover rate = 

(A worker who retires is

included in the turnover rate.)

* ( ) 2

1

, -1

+

t t

t t

average employment

accessions separations

6 This is a simple average of four quarters in a calendar year.
Industries from Figure 2 with lower

average quarterly turnover rates

for this age group include apparel

from fabrics (4.4 percent) and electronic/electrical equipment (5.7

percent). Average quarterly

turnover rates for 2002 for these

and other industries are shown in

Appendix Table A2. 

Of the top ten industries in

Missouri employing workers 65

years and older in 2002 (Table 1

and Figure 3), the business services (13.4 percent) and eating and

drinking places (12.5 percent)

industries had the highest average

quarterly turnover rates; the lowest was the health services (6.6

percent) industry.

Where do older workers work?

This section asks where older workers are most concentrated because

the types of work performed by

today’s older workers may indicate

the work that older people will perform in the future. Planners might

also examine the type of work done

by younger age groups, such as

those 35-44 years old, for the

changes they might expect among

older workers, given differences in

the type of education different age

groups received and changes in the

needs of industries. 

As shown in Figure 3, the industries

where workers 65 years and over

were most likely to be employed in

Missouri in 2002 were health services (9.3 percent), business services

(6.5 percent), eating and drinking

places (5.6 percent), and car dealers/gas stations (4.9 percent). Nine

of the top ten industries employed

over 2,000 workers aged 65 years

or older. Over half of workers 65

years and older in Missouri were

employed in the ten industries

shown in Figure 3, compared with

44.6 percent of all workers. Older

and younger workers may be

employed in distinctly different

types of firms within these industries, however, and may be

assigned different tasks. 

Between 1995 and 2002, there

were few changes in the top ten

industries that employed the largest

number of workers 65 and older

(Table 2).7 Despite the shuffling in

rank, service industries have long

been the major employers of the

oldest workers in Missouri. 

Employment dynamics and

older workers

The employment numbers in the

preceding section show only one

part of the employment picture.

Even when levels of employment in

an industry change little, enormous

change can occur in the underlying

numbers. Economists refer to the

underlying changes as “job creation” and “job destruction.” Even if

employment levels in an industry

stay the same, some firms add jobs

and others eliminate jobs. So,

while Figure 3 identifies the industries that employed a high proportion of workers 65 years and older

in Missouri in 2002, LED program

data reveal more detail. LED indicators also tally the number of jobs

gained and lost by older workers in

the Missouri economy.8

The LED statistics reveal that, on

average in Missouri in 2002, for

workers 65 years and older, 4,310

jobs were created a quarter

(Appendix Table A4) and 6,326

were lost (Appendix Table A5) - on

average, a net decrease of 2,016

such workers employed a quarter.

The industries that created the most

jobs for workers 65 years and older

(Table 3) were eating and drinking

places, with 394 jobs created on

average a quarter, followed by business services (334 jobs). The

industries that destroyed the most

jobs for the oldest workers were

business services (524 jobs a quarter destroyed on average), eating

and drinking places (468 jobs), and

health services (448 jobs). These

changes represented, in Missouri 

in 2002, an average net loss of 

190 jobs in business services, 74

jobs in eating and drinking places,

and 227 jobs in health services.

U.S. Census Bureau 5

Table 1. Job Stability in Missouri by Industry: 2002

(Top 10 industries statewide employing workers 65 and older)

Industry Number of

workers 65

and older

Average

quarterly

turnover

rate for

workers 65

and older

Average

quarterly

turnover

rate for

workers 14

and older

Number of

workers 14

and older

Total . . ........................ 66,647 8.9 11.4 2,199,765

Health services ..................... 6,208 6.6 8.8 224,586

Business services .................. 4,312 13.4 17.8 150,499

Eating and drinking places ........... 3,740 12.5 20.1 186,010

Car dealers and gas stations ......... 3,291 9.5 12.5 65,855

Miscellaneous retail ................. 2,864 7.4 12.2 58,059

Wholesale trade—durables .......... 2,844 6.8 8.2 85,301

Social services ..................... 2,765 8.6 12.8 60,454

Real estate ........................ 2,243 8.0 12.1 30,974

Food stores ........................ 2,224 7.4 12.2 60,066

Wholesale trade—nondurables ....... 1,934 7.0 8.6 59,560

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local

Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Appendix Tables A1 and A2. See Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

7 Historical statistics are consistent in the

LED program, so it is possible to make comparisons of statistics over time.

8 Job losses for older workers can happen

in two ways - a firm can actually reduce

employment, or it can substitute a younger

worker for an older worker who may have

taken another job, retired or left involuntarily.
What do older workers earn?

On average, full-quarter workers

65 years and older in 2002 earned

$1,970 a month in Missouri, and

workers of all ages averaged

$2,886 a month (Table 4 and

Appendix Table A6).

As is the case for all workers, the

average earnings levels of older

workers vary greatly among industries. For example, in the health

services industry, which employed

about 9 percent of all workers 65

years and older in Missouri in

2002, the average monthly earnings were $2,291. Workers 14 and

older in that industry had average

monthly earnings of $3,093.

About 6 percent of the oldest

workers in Missouri were

employed by the business services

industry, and they had average

monthly earnings of $1,461. Of

the top ten industries of older

workers in Missouri in 2002, the

industry with the highest average

monthly earnings was wholesale

trade - durables, with an average

of $2,659 a month; the lowest was

eating and drinking places, with an

average $1,032 a month.

Among all industry groups, security/commodity brokers had the highest average monthly earnings in

2002 for workers 65 years and

older - $6,430 - compared with

$6,006 for all workers in this industry (Table 5). The number of workers 65 years and older in this industry is relatively small - 388 workers.

Other high paying industries

include nondepository institutions,

holding/other investment offices,

and paper/allied products. Only

one of the industries that employed

500 or more workers 65 years and

older - legal services - is relatively

high paying, with average earnings

of $4,122 a month.

Summary

This report provides answers to

several key questions related to

the aging of Missouri’s workforce:

• What is the age composition of

the workforce and what are the

changes over time?

• Which industries are likely to be

affected by the aging of the

workforce?

• Which industries have the lowest turnover rates of older workers?

• In which industries are older

workers most likely to be

employed?

• How much do older workers

earn?

In Missouri in 2002, the industries

that employed the highest proportions of workers 55-64 years old, 

6 U.S. Census Bureau

Figure 3.

Workers 65 Years and Older in Selected Industries 

for Missouri: 2002

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and 

Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, 

Appendix Table A3. See Web site: http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

(Percent of workers aged 65+ years)

Wholesale trade - nondurables

Food stores

Real estate

Social services

Wholesale trade - durables

Miscellaneous retail

Car dealers and gas stations

Eating and drinking places

Business services

Health services 9.3

6.5

4.9

4.3

4.3

4.1

3.4

3.3

2.9

5.6

Job Creation — New jobs are

created either by new businesses opening or by existing

firms adding new jobs.

Job Destruction — Jobs are

lost to the economy when

businesses close or reduce

employment.

Net Job Flow — The difference

between current and previous

beginning-of-quarter employment across all businesses.
and hence were likely to be affected

by retirements in the coming

decade were: transportation by air,

local/suburban transit, measuring/

analyzing instruments, and apparel

from fabrics.

The local/suburban transit and real

estate industries had high proportions of workers 65 years and older.

In terms of pay, older workers tended to fare best in industries with

relatively few older workers and, as

for all workers, in industries with

many highly trained, professional

employees, such as in financial

firms.

SOURCES AND ACCURACY

OF THE DATA

Background

The U.S. Census Bureau and partner states produce Quarterly

Workforce Indicators (QWIs) for

each state, metropolitan area,

county, and Workforce Investment

Board area. QWIs for other geographic areas are available through

the state partners. 

The QWIs are updated each quarter

and annual averages are available

at http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

Overview

The QWIs are key economic measures selected jointly by the Census

Bureau and its partner states. Each

QWI provides a critical indicator of

an area’s economy and is a tool to

understand changes in the core

performance of local economies. 

The QWIs are updated 7 months

after the end of a quarter, which

makes them a current and a historical time series to monitor economic change. They serve as early

indicators to states and local areas

of emerging trends and help to

identify turning points in the

U.S. Census Bureau 7

Table 3.

Job Gains and Losses Among Industry Groups in Missouri

by Industry: 2002

(Average number of jobs a quarter )

Top ten industries that

created jobs for workers

65 and over Jobs

created1

Jobs

destroyed1

Net

change

Total employment

65 and

older

Workers

14 and

older

Total ....................... 4,310 6,326 -2,016 66,647 2,199,765

Eating and drinking places . . . . . . . . 394 468 -74 3,740 186,010

Business services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 524 -190 4,312 150,499

Amusement and recreation . . . . . . . 257 242 15 1,790 41,261

Car dealers and gas stations . . . . . . 236 289 -53 3,291 65,855

Health services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 448 -227 6,208 224,586

Miscellaneous retail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 235 -47 2,864 58,059

Personal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 234 -51 1,906 27,501

Construction—special trade . . . . . . . 173 200 -27 1,617 91,811

Social services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 249 -76 2,765 60,454

Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 187 -38 2,243 30,974

1 Averages are rounded to whole numbers.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local

Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Appendix Tables A1, A4, and A5. See Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

Full-Quarter Employment

Total number of workers who were employed by the same employer

in the reference, previous, and subsequent quarters.

Average Earnings for Full-Quarter Employees

Total earnings of all workers employed the full quarter divided by the

number of such workers. 

Table 2.

Top Ten Employers in Missouri Employing Workers 65 and

Older by Rank: 1995 and 2002

1995

rank

2002

rank Industry

Number of workers

65 and older Percent

change,

1995 -

2002

Number

of workers

14 and

older,

1995 2002 2002

51,368 66,647 29.7 2,199,765

1 1 Health services............... 4,707 6,208 31.9 224,586

2 2 Business services ............ 3,419 4,312 26.1 150,499

3 3 Eating and drinking places 2,663 3,740 40.4 186,010

7 4 Car dealers and gas stations. . . 2,103 3,291 56.5 65,855

5 5 Miscellaneous retail ........... 2,230 2,864 28.4 58,059

4 6 Wholesale trade—durables .... 2,381 2,844 19.4 85,301

8 7 Social services . .............. 1,979 2,765 39.7 60,454

9 8 Real estate .................. 1,807 2,243 24.1 30,974

12 9 Food stores .................. 1,508 2,224 47.5 60,066

10 10 Wholesale trade—nondurables . 1,783 1,934 8.5 59,560

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local

Employment Dynamics program, 1995 and 2002, Appendix Tables A1 and A3. See Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

Total . . .....................
dynamics of the workforce and

specific industries. 

The database covers about 98 percent of the labor force.9 The QWIs

are derived from state administrative records and basic demographic

information from other existing

sources. Some information about

the workforce is not now available

in this database, including hours

and weeks worked, educational

attainment, occupation, and

whether workers worked for an

entire quarter or a part of the quarter. The Census Bureau is working

on long-term plans to include information of this type, particularly

educational and occupational information. There are other types of

errors in administrative data, including coding errors in personal identifiers, coding errors in business

identifiers, and errors in wage

records (see the technical documentation on

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov). 

Because the QWIs come from a mixture of sources, they are not directly

comparable with statistics from

worker-based surveys, such as the

decennial census, the American

Community Survey, and the Current

Population Survey. Industries are

based on the Standard Industrial

Classification (SIC) system. The LED

program will convert from the SIC

system to the North American

Industry Classification System

(NAICS) in early 2004. Some classification titles appear to be similar

but the detailed industry groups

that compose the categories may

differ between the SIC and NAICS

systems.

Enhanced Unemployment Insurance

(UI) wage records are the basic data

source for the QWIs. Administrative

records and the surveys differ in

coverage, the timing of data collection, and concept definitions. The

QWIs are not exactly comparable

with establishment surveys either,

such as those from the Bureau of

Labor Statistics’ Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages (QCEW)

8 U.S. Census Bureau

Table 4.

Average Monthly Earnings Among Top Ten Industries in

Missouri by Age: 2002

(Full−quarter earnings)

Industry

Average

monthly

earnings

($) for

workers 65

and older

Average

monthly

earnings

($) for

workers 14

and older

Number of

workers 65

and older

Number of

workers 14

and older

Total . . ........................ 1,970 2,886 66,647 2,199,765

Health services ..................... 2,291 3,093 6,208 224,586

Business services .................. 1,461 2,752 4,312 150,499

Eating and drinking places ........... 1,032 1,075 3,740 186,010

Car dealers and gas stations ......... 1,408 2,472 3,291 65,855

Miscellaneous retail ................. 1,253 1,908 2,864 58,059

Wholesale trade—durables .......... 2,659 3,834 2,844 85,301

Social services ..................... 1,064 1,596 2,765 60,454

Real estate ........................ 1,573 2,419 2,243 30,974

Food stores ........................ 1,038 1,573 2,224 60,066

Wholesale trade—nondurables ....... 2,518 3,466 1,934 59,560

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local

Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Appendix Tables A6. See Web site: http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

Table 5.

Average Monthly Earnings of Workers in Missouri by Age:

2002

(Full-quarter earnings. Includes only industries that employed 100 or more workers 65 and older in

Missouri.)

Industry

Average

monthly

earnings

($) for

workers 65

and older

Average

monthly

earnings

($) for

workers 14

and older

Number of

workers 65

and older

Number of

workers 14

and older

Total . . ........................ 1,970 2,886 66,647 2,199,765

Security and commodity brokers ...... 6,430 6,006 388 21,467

Nondepository institutions ............ 5,832 4,552 150 17,805

Holding and other investment offices . . 5,567 5,509 167 4,510

Paper and allied products ............ 5,053 3,463 197 11,270

Chemicals . . . ...................... 4,728 4,901 394 24,833

Measuring and analyzing instruments . 4,131 4,256 179 7,833

Legal services ...................... 4,122 4,652 543 18,886

Transportation equipment ............ 3,853 3,796 461 36,025

Electrical, gas and sanitary services . . 3,771 5,522 158 18,280

Construction other than building . . . . . . 3,723 3,821 330 17,191

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local

Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Appendix Tables A1 and A6. See Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov. 9 The database for each state covers

about 98 percent of nonagricultural, private

wage and salaried employment. Most state,

and local government employees are included, but many federal workers are not

(depending on the state). The remaining 2

percent are railroad workers and workers for

some non-profit organizations. Selfemployed workers and independent contractors are not in the covered universe. See:

U.S. Census Bureau, David W. Stevens and

Julia Lane, "Employment That Is Not Covered

By State Unemployment," Technical Paper

No. TP-2002-16, January 2002, available on

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.
program, which capture employment at an establishment on the

12th of the month.

The LED database can respond to a

wide variety of questions about the

workforce because it allows multiple definitions of “employment.”

That is because the QWIs are jobbased statistics and different from

the worker-based statistics familiar

to many researchers.10 The LED

database includes all jobs held:

1. In a quarter, regardless of length

of time the job is held.

2. At the beginning of a quarter (the measure used in this

report).

3. At the end of a quarter.

4. For a full quarter.

The measure that is closest to the

QCEW definition of employment is

the second one, jobs held at the

beginning of a quarter. This second measure has the additional

advantage that the trends are similar to those shown by worker-based

surveys such as the decennial census, although the levels differ. 

Another difference among datasets

is measurement of earnings.

According to the BLS Handbook of

Methods (1997), UI wage records

measure “gross wages and salaries,

bonuses, stock options, tips, and

other gratuities, and the value of

meals and lodging, where supplied.” They do not include Old Age

Survivor and Disability Insurance

(OASDI), health insurance, workers’

compensation, unemployment

insurance, private pensions, and

welfare funds. The LED database

does not include the number of

hours or weeks an employee

worked. Thus, what appears for an

industry such as retail trade to be

low average earnings in a given

year or quarter may be the result of

relatively low hourly wages, not

working many hours in the time

period, or both. In retail trade,

much of the work is part-time and

this affects the LED measure of

average earnings. 

The confidentiality of the

statistics is protected

The Census Bureau and the state

partners are committed to protecting the confidentiality of the data

in the LED files. Technically, the

approach to avoid disclosure of

individual information is to combine cell suppression methodology

with the addition of statistical

noise, controlling key measures to

county employment levels as

reported by the Bureau of Labor

Statistics. In plainer English, the

statistical techniques the Census

Bureau uses mean that the actual

statistics are not shown if the numbers in a cell are small. Rather, the

statistics that are shown are

“fuzzy,” that is, close to the actual

information but not exact.

Only Census Bureau employees or

individuals who have Special

Sworn Status are permitted to

work with the data. Everyone who

has access to Title 13 data must

have an official security clearance

based on a background check,

including fingerprinting.

Additionally, they are subject to a

fine of up to $250,000, up to five

years in jail, or both, if confidential

information is disclosed. The

Census Bureau and state data custodians review all projects before

release to avoid disclosure of confidential information. 

More detailed information about

the confidentiality protection system is available under the

“Confidentiality” menu at:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov/. 

Why the Census Bureau

produces the LED statistics

The Census Bureau and the state

partners are committed to protecting the integrity of information and

producing the highest quality statistics. We accomplish this by

ensuring that the LED program is

consistent with the Census

Bureau’s legal authority and mission, that the methodologies used

are the best alternatives, and that

the LED program produces demonstrated benefits. 

The state partners and the Census

Bureau both benefit from the LED

program. The state partners fulfill

their mandate to provide high

quality regional labor market information and the Census Bureau

improves the economic and demographic survey estimates and intercensal population estimates.

Specifically, the LED program supports Census Bureau research on

improving the quality, use, and

analysis of its census, survey, and

estimation-based data products.

Estimates of the employed population by demographic, geographic,

and industrial detail enhance the

Census Bureau’s existing agencywide programs. In particular, estimates of workers in each county

and industry, in conjunction with

statistical information about

employers, will provide long-needed and critical but previously

unavailable information for key

programs such as the demographic

survey estimates and the intercensal population estimates program. Census Bureau programs

will benefit from new information

on turnover, job creation, and job

destruction by age and sex, and

information on the employment of

individuals in each county. 

More information about the benefits of the LED program may be

found on the LED Web site at:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov/.

U.S. Census Bureau 9

10 For the QWIs, a "job" is defined as

equivalent records for an employer and

employee.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Research for and production of 

this report were supported under

an interagency agreement with 

the Behavioral and Social Research

Program, National Institute on

Aging, Agreement No. 

Y1-AG-9415-01.

10 U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau 11

Table A1.

Missouri Employment by Industry and Age: 2002

(Beginning-of-quarter employment)

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Total .................................................. 1,457,046 453,770 222,302 66,647 2,199,765

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 2,363 790 467 274 3,893

Agricultural production—livestock . ............................ 3,101 766 373 136 4,375

Agricultural services . ........................................ 13,471 2,613 1,127 403 17,614

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 *7 6 - 55

Fishing, hunting and trapping ................................ 5 - - - 11

Mining

Metal mining ............................................... *498 *356 *179 *3 *1,036

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 *199 *63 3 508

Oil and gas extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 17 10 3 52

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ............................ 1,842 793 429 113 3,176

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 22,513 7,181 2,936 720 33,351

Construction other than building . ............................. 11,282 3,876 1,704 330 17,191

Construction—special trade .................................. 65,751 17,311 7,133 1,617 91,811

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 29,665 11,728 5,133 754 47,279

Tobacco products ........................................... ---- -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 98 57 21 453

Apparel from fabrics ........................................ 5,290 2,432 1,440 349 9,511

Lumber and wood products .................................. 8,978 2,362 1,077 331 12,747

Furniture and fixtures ....................................... 9,772 3,443 1,503 221 14,938

Paper and allied products .................................... 6,683 3,003 1,387 197 11,270

Printing and publishing ...................................... 22,584 9,797 4,724 1,128 38,233

Chemicals . . . .............................................. 14,061 7,440 2,938 394 24,833

Petroleum refining .......................................... 1,208 488 212 29 1,936

Rubber and plastics ......................................... 12,048 4,921 2,292 302 19,562

Leather and leather products ................................. 1,418 810 468 85 2,781

Stone, clay and glass ....................................... 5,676 2,917 1,453 222 10,268

Primary metal industries ..................................... 6,213 3,150 1,403 131 10,896

Fabricated metal products ................................... 17,163 7,618 3,958 573 29,312

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 22,434 9,210 4,749 638 37,032

Electronic and electrical equipment ........................... 13,033 7,198 3,623 396 24,249

Transportation equipment .................................... 21,188 9,952 4,424 461 36,025

Measuring and analyzing instruments ......................... 4,158 2,289 1,207 179 7,833

Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................. 4,636 1,721 888 248 7,493

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8 *4 - 39

Local and suburban transit ................................... 5,589 2,213 1,792 1,184 10,778

Motor freight transportation .................................. 28,854 13,290 7,081 1,401 50,624

Water transportation ........................................ 1,029 340 166 52 1,586

Transportation by air ........................................ 14,265 7,139 4,718 313 26,435

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 *23 *9 - 75

Transportation services ...................................... 4,213 1,514 800 246 6,772

Communications . ........................................... 29,018 10,076 2,775 282 42,151

Electrical, gas and sanitary services .......................... 9,949 5,796 2,377 158 18,280

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 51,640 20,943 9,875 2,844 85,301

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 37,266 13,784 6,576 1,934 59,560

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 14,647 4,323 2,353 1,020 22,343

General merchandise stores ................................. 46,782 12,215 7,703 3,530 70,230

Food stores . ............................................... 42,885 9,535 5,423 2,224 60,066

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 43,875 12,240 6,449 3,291 65,855

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 14,593 1,797 1,116 623 18,129

Home furniture stores ....................................... 15,498 3,099 1,718 628 20,944

Eating and drinking places ................................... 160,074 15,379 6,819 3,740 186,010

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 38,999 10,380 5,816 2,864 58,059

APPENDIX TABLES
12 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A1.

Missouri Employment by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

(Beginning-of-quarter employment)

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 26,501 9,199 4,894 1,132 41,726

Nondepository institutions .................................... 13,440 3,035 1,180 150 17,805

Security and commodity brokers .............................. 15,624 *3,868 1,587 388 21,467

Insurance carriers .......................................... 19,763 7,976 3,379 444 31,561

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 9,728 4,145 2,229 607 16,709

Real estate ................................................ 17,676 6,738 4,318 2,243 30,974

Holding and other investment offices .......................... 2,692 1,068 584 167 4,510

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 19,528 5,119 2,836 1,295 28,778

Personal services . . ......................................... 17,614 4,831 3,150 1,906 27,501

Business services .......................................... 107,489 26,660 12,039 4,312 150,499

Car repair, services and parking .............................. 19,815 4,714 2,242 1,087 27,858

Miscellaneous repair services ................................ 4,068 1,462 682 218 6,430

Motion pictures ............................................. 6,547 687 256 82 7,573

Amusement and recreation . . . ............................... 29,499 6,212 3,760 1,790 41,261

Health services ............................................. 138,091 55,433 24,854 6,208 224,586

Legal services .............................................. 12,275 4,134 1,935 543 18,886

Educational services ........................................ 20,095 9,203 4,906 1,230 35,434

Social services ............................................. 38,669 12,201 6,820 2,765 60,454

Museums, galleries and gardens ............................. *1,279 *475 *266 106 2,127

Membership organizations . . ................................. 11,364 4,812 2,667 1,104 19,947

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 33,789 11,446 5,578 1,427 52,240

Private households ......................................... 3,729 1,507 1,098 825 7,159

Services, not classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 890 264 114 32 1,299

- Represents zero.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.
U.S. Census Bureau 13

Table A2.

Average Quarterly Turnover Rates in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002

(In percent)

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Total . . ................................................ 19.9 7.7 7.4 8.9 11.4

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 22.1 11.2 11.0 13.4 14.8

Agricultural production—livestock . ............................ *19.0 *6.8 *6.6 *8.8 *11.2

Agricultural services . ........................................ 20.6 10.7 9.9 13.4 15.0

Forestry ................................................... 22.3 - - - 16.5

Fishing, hunting and trapping ................................ ---- -

Mining

Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 *1.4 *5.1 *4.4 2.5

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 *3.6 *7.8 - 4.3

Oil and gas extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 - - - -

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ............................ 18.3 *4.1 4.1 *7.5 6.3

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 22.2 9.4 9.6 9.8 12.6

Construction other than building . ............................. 21.3 10.1 10.9 11.0 12.9

Construction—special trade .................................. 20.2 9.5 9.2 9.6 12.3

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 21.2 *6.6 *7.1 *8.4 9.8

Tobacco products ........................................... ---- -

Textile mill products ......................................... 14.9 8.0 *15.8 8.5 9.9

Apparel from fabrics ........................................ 20.2 5.3 4.4 *6.4 7.9

Lumber and wood products .................................. 19.7 7.0 5.3 7.6 10.7

Furniture and fixtures ....................................... 20.1 3.8 3.7 *6.6 5.5

Paper and allied products .................................... 14.0 *6.0 *6.5 *6.9 7.0

Printing and publishing ...................................... 18.3 4.3 5.0 6.8 6.2

Chemicals . . . .............................................. 22.3 *5.5 *6.1 8.0 6.7

Petroleum refining .......................................... *18.5 *4.7 *5.8 *6.1 *6.8

Rubber and plastics ......................................... 23.1 4.7 *4.8 *6.2 6.8

Leather and leather products ................................. 15.5 3.6 *3.7 *8.4 5.5

Stone, clay and glass ....................................... 17.5 *5.4 6.0 7.8 7.5

Primary metal industries ..................................... 17.8 4.0 4.4 *7.5 5.7

Fabricated metal products ................................... 18.0 *6.4 *6.7 *7.9 8.1

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 19.6 *4.4 4.6 7.2 5.9

Electronic and electrical equipment ........................... 18.4 4.8 5.7 8.6 6.5

Transportation equipment .................................... 19.2 3.5 4.0 8.2 5.4

Measuring and analyzing instruments ......................... 17.1 *10.7 *8.3 *6.1 10.9

Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................. 17.4 6.8 5.2 6.7 8.5

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... ---- 12.1

Local and suburban transit ................................... 22.6 10.0 10.5 11.4 12.4

Motor freight transportation .................................. 21.0 9.9 9.1 10.5 12.3

Water transportation ........................................ 27.5 *6.9 *11.2 *11.8 12.4

Transportation by air ........................................ *20.8 *10.8 *14.4 *17.4 *11.6

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 *31.3 *46.4 - 43.5

Transportation services ...................................... 20.7 *10.3 *9.1 *11.1 12.0

Communications . ........................................... *21.8 *8.5 *8.6 *7.6 *10.4

Electrical, gas and sanitary services .......................... 19.4 *7.1 *7.1 *8.9 8.9

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 18.2 5.8 5.9 6.8 8.2

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 17.3 6.1 5.7 7.0 8.6

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 17.4 7.5 6.3 6.5 10.9

General merchandise stores ................................. 18.0 6.4 5.2 *5.4 11.2

Food stores . ............................................... 16.7 6.7 6.2 7.4 12.2

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 21.0 7.9 7.5 9.5 12.5

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 22.9 9.9 8.5 9.1 18.6

Home furniture stores ....................................... 19.6 8.6 7.4 7.5 14.1

Eating and drinking places . . ................................. 22.4 12.3 10.9 12.5 20.1

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 18.6 8.0 7.4 7.4 12.2
14 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A2.

Average Quarterly Turnover Rates in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

(In percent)

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

14 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 15.2 3.5 3.2 *4.4 6.1

Nondepository institutions .................................... 25.2 12.3 11.3 10.9 14.7

Security and commodity brokers .............................. *13.4 *3.9 *4.4 *5.3 *4.4

Insurance carriers .......................................... 19.1 5.4 6.3 *9.1 7.0

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 18.5 7.9 6.8 7.2 10.1

Real estate ................................................ 21.4 9.5 8.1 8.0 12.1

Holding and other investment offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32. 6.6 6.5 *6.4 9.1

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 23.2 11.9 10.5 12.9 16.0

Personal services . . ......................................... 21.2 10.3 *10.1 *10.5 14.0

Business services .......................................... 27.2 14.3 12.4 13.4 17.8

Car repair, services and parking .............................. 19.3 7.5 7.3 8.3 11.6

Miscellaneous repair services ................................ 18.6 6.6 6.9 *7.3 9.6

Motion pictures ............................................. 20.5 9.7 9.1 *11.3 18.4

Amusement and recreation . ................................. 22.5 10.0 9.9 13.7 15.1

Health services ............................................. 18.4 6.1 5.4 6.6 8.8

Legal services .............................................. 19.7 5.4 4.9 6.0 7.9

Educational services ........................................ 28.2 *14.2 *12.3 *13.2 17.6

Social services ............................................. 22.6 9.3 8.0 8.6 12.8

Museums, galleries and gardens ............................. *17.9 *6.3 *5.3 *9.4 *9.6

Membership organizations . . ................................. 20.3 7.4 6.7 8.9 10.8

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 19.6 7.3 7.5 9.8 9.0

Private households ......................................... 21.6 13.2 11.5 11.1 15.4

Services, not elsewhere classified ............................ *18.8 *6.4 *5.6 − 8.7

- Represents zero.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.
U.S. Census Bureau 15

Table A3.

Missouri Employment by Industry and Age: 1995 and 2002

(Beginning-of-quarter employment)

Industry

Under 65 65 and older

1995 2002 1995 2002

Total . . ......................................................... 2,030,738 2,133,119 51,368 66,647

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ......................................... 4,503 3,619 230 274

Agricultural production—livestock . ..................................... 3,609 4,239 113 136

Agricultural services . ................................................. 13,148 17,211 231 403

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 52 3 -

Fishing, hunting and trapping ......................................... - 5 - -

Mining

Metal mining ........................................................ *1,243 *1,032 *2 *3

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541 505 4 3

Oil and gas extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 48 *3 3

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ..................................... 3,256 3,063 88 113

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . ............................. 28,771 32,631 496 720

Construction other than building . ...................................... 14,485 16,862 276 330

Construction—special trade ........................................... 72,753 90,194 1,069 1,617

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products ........................................... 54,274 46,526 550 754

Tobacco products .................................................... - - - -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 432 *20 21

Apparel from fabrics ................................................. 20,978 9,163 562 349

Lumber and wood products ........................................... 12,861 12,416 243 331

Furniture and fixtures ................................................ 15,154 14,718 166 221

Paper and allied products ............................................. 13,091 11,073 160 197

Printing and publishing ............................................... 41,902 37,105 1,052 1,128

Chemicals . . . ....................................................... 23,128 24,439 322 394

Petroleum refining ................................................... 1,582 1,908 23 29

Rubber and plastics .................................................. 20,193 19,261 212 302

Leather and leather products .......................................... 7,037 2,696 168 85

Stone, clay and glass ................................................ 11,319 10,047 181 222

Primary metal industries .............................................. 12,601 10,765 105 131

Fabricated metal products ............................................ 34,080 28,739 492 573

Industrial and commercial machinery ................................... 38,275 36,393 565 638

Electronic and electrical equipment .................................... 30,303 23,853 327 396

Transportation equipment ............................................. 36,369 35,564 315 461

Measuring and analyzing instruments .................................. 9,767 7,654 171 179

Miscellaneous manufacturing .......................................... 8,451 7,245 232 248

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 39 - -

Local and suburban transit ............................................ 9,397 9,595 711 1,184

Motor freight transportation ........................................... 53,815 49,224 871 1,401

Water transportation ................................................. 2,032 1,534 61 52

Transportation by air ................................................. 19,533 26,121 *115 313

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 74 - -

Transportation services ............................................... 6,897 6,527 233 246

Communications . .................................................... 39,529 41,869 263 282

Electrical, gas and sanitary services ................................... 20,077 18,122 140 158

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables ........................................... 81,073 82,458 2,381 2,844

Wholesale trade—nondurables ........................................ 63,460 57,626 1,783 1,934

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ............................... 19,109 21,323 909 1,020

General merchandise stores .......................................... 60,044 66,700 2,173 3,530

Food stores . ........................................................ 59,076 57,842 1,508 2,224

Car dealers and gas stations .......................................... 60,119 62,565 2,103 3,291

Apparel and accessory stores ......................................... 20,437 17,507 746 623

Home furniture stores ................................................ 16,709 20,315 525 628

Eating and drinking places ............................................ 170,001 182,272 2,663 3,740

Miscellaneous retail .................................................. 45,685 55,194 2,230 2,864
16 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A3.

Missouri Employment by Industry and Age: 1995 and 2002 — Con.

(Beginning-of-quarter employment)

Industry

Under 65 65 and older

1995 2002 1995 2002

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ................................................ 39,579 40,594 996 1,132

Nondepository institutions ............................................. 10,797 17,655 104 150

Security and commodity brokers ....................................... 16,020 21,079 313 388

Insurance carriers ................................................... 27,838 31,117 350 444

Insurance agents and brokers ......................................... 13,566 16,102 502 607

Real estate ......................................................... 24,565 28,732 1,807 2,243

Holding and other investment offices ................................... 3,582 4,344 171 167

Services

Hotels and other lodging places ....................................... 31,698 27,483 973 1,295

Personal services . . .................................................. 25,451 25,595 1,565 1,906

Business services ................................................... 123,884 146,188 3,419 4,312

Car repair, services and parking ....................................... 21,906 26,771 747 1,087

Miscellaneous repair services ......................................... 6,839 6,212 205 218

Motion pictures ...................................................... 6,949 7,490 111 82

Amusement and recreation . . ......................................... 36,437 39,471 1,278 1,790

Health services ...................................................... 199,476 218,378 4,707 6,208

Legal services ....................................................... 15,528 18,343 378 543

Educational services ................................................. 30,384 34,204 932 1,230

Social services ...................................................... 44,627 57,689 1,979 2,765

Museums, galleries and gardens ...................................... 1,393 *2,020 *109 106

Membership organizations . . .......................................... 17,078 18,843 969 1,104

Engineering, accounting, and research ................................. 46,762 50,813 1,152 1,427

Private households .................................................. 4,104 6,333 790 825

Services, not classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838 1,267 16 32

- Represents zero.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.
U.S. Census Bureau 17

Table A4.

Composition of Job Creation in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Total . . ................................................ 133,425 23,042 10,655 4,310

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554 113 72 48

Agricultural production—livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 42 18 9

Agricultural services . ........................................ 2,327 265 122 61

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 *1 1 -

Fishing, hunting and trapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 *1 - -

Mining

Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5 - *1 -

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 *4 *2 -

Oil and gas extraction ....................................... 1 1 - -

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 28 14 7

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,113 576 231 68

Construction other than building . . . ........................... 1,322 281 132 33

Construction—special trade .................................. 8,963 1,557 588 173

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 1,465 342 128 38

Tobacco products ........................................... - - - -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6 3 -

Apparel from fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 89 38 17

Lumber and wood products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 920 121 49 23

Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 70 26 6

Paper and allied products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 40 15 4

Printing and publishing ...................................... 1,146 227 114 50

Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 96 37 13

Petroleum refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 20 5 2

Rubber and plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616 96 47 12

Leather and leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 16 9 5

Stone, clay and glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431 88 32 13

Primary metal industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 42 12 3

Fabricated metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975 189 71 19

Industrial and commercial machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962 186 70 25

Electronic and electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 96 36 10

Transportation equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814 139 63 17

Measuring and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 26 12 5

Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 57 25 9

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... 2 1 - -

Local and suburban transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 108 97 48

Motor freight transportation .................................. 2,862 838 397 108

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 26 18 8

Transportation by air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776 185 59 14

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 *1 -

Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587 165 87 20

Communications . ........................................... 2,060 831 160 11

Electrical, gas and sanitary services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643 219 58 9

Wholesale Trade

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 3,812 822 366 122

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 2,786 543 248 105

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 1,261 226 120 55

General merchandise stores ................................. 2,471 311 150 52

Food stores . ............................................... 3,319 403 211 106

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 4,381 643 367 236

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 2,129 167 90 48

Home furniture stores ....................................... 1,912 255 110 45

Eating and drinking places ................................... 18,830 1,522 625 394

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 4,407 672 399 188
18 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A4.

Composition of Job Creation in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 1,251 202 89 25

Nondepository institutions .................................... 1,335 211 80 12

Security and commodity brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 *73 33 12

Insurance carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831 176 79 19

Insurance agents and brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877 207 125 34

Real estate ................................................ 2,173 520 310 149

Holding and other investment offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 50 30 10

Services

Hotels and other lodging places .............................. 2,794 437 256 131

Personal services . . ......................................... 2,715 533 347 183

Business services .......................................... 10,349 1,830 856 334

Car repair, services and parking .............................. 2,189 307 133 62

Miscellaneous repair services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 104 47 19

Motion pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 62 21 10

Amusement and recreation . . ................................ 5,476 582 368 257

Health services ............................................. 8,207 1,630 687 221

Legal services .............................................. 1,090 201 86 30

Educational services ........................................ 3,350 1,106 520 131

Social services ............................................. 4,205 781 405 173

Museums, galleries, and gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 *22 *11 8

Membership organizations . . ................................. 1,383 309 150 67

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 2,803 715 370 123

Private households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877 239 133 78

Services, not classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 12 4 2

- Represents zero.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.
U.S. Census Bureau 19

Table A5.

Composition of Job Destruction in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Total . . ................................................ 127,130 26,073 14,541 6,326

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532 117 72 52

Agricultural production—livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 40 24 15

Agricultural services . ........................................ 2,028 266 121 66

Forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 *2 - -

Fishing, hunting and trapping ................................ 2 - - -

Mining

Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *17 *8 *13 -

Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 *3 3 -

Oil and gas extraction ....................................... 1 1 - -

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 23 19 10

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 2,921 611 294 91

Construction other than building . . . ........................... 1,315 354 197 45

Construction—special trade .................................. 8,295 1,693 785 200

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 1,324 421 274 63

Tobacco products ........................................... - - - -

Textile mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10 6 1

Apparel from fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 124 80 29

Lumber and wood products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820 139 58 32

Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 85 54 17

Paper and allied products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 149 86 19

Printing and publishing ...................................... 1,256 385 258 94

Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828 405 201 39

Petroleum refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 21 14 3

Rubber and plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676 170 104 24

Leather and leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 29 21 8

Stone, clay and glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462 157 109 26

Primary metal industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 127 71 15

Fabricated metal products ................................... 1,142 312 216 52

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 1,085 294 209 58

Electronic and electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 239 185 43

Transportation equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669 197 142 34

Measuring and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 61 48 15

Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 81 46 24

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... 3 1 - -

Local and suburban transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591 192 170 136

Motor freight transportation .................................. 2,632 893 543 166

Water transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 27 17 9

Transportation by air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794 219 159 32

Pipelines, except natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 *2 -

Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 119 65 36

Communications . ........................................... 1,904 522 222 27

Electrical, gas and sanitary services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709 250 152 15

Wholesale Trade ...........................................

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 3,766 1,014 570 215

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 2,750 707 391 168

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 1,133 210 110 69

General merchandise stores ................................. 2,070 284 179 137

Food stores . ............................................... 3,402 474 290 163

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 4,202 752 431 289

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 1,691 149 92 67

Home furniture stores ....................................... 1,756 230 126 59

Eating and drinking places ................................... 18,368 1,703 738 468

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 3,986 682 421 235
20 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A5.

Composition of Job Destruction in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

Industry 14-44 years 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions 1,108 222 156 68

Nondepository institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901 170 90 15

Security and commodity brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525 *154 80 23

Insurance carriers .......................................... 1,059 359 219 46

Insurance agents and brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847 245 137 53

Real estate ................................................ 1,835 468 294 187

Holding and other investment offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 51 38 10

Services

Hotels and other lodging places . ............................. 2,386 435 279 172

Personal services . . ......................................... 2,488 522 349 234

Business services .......................................... 11,260 2,292 1,110 524

Car repair, services and parking .............................. 2,073 324 152 90

Miscellaneous repair services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454 108 51 21

Motion pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790 83 28 11

Amusement and recreation .................................. 4,653 538 338 242

Health services ............................................. 6,885 1,819 1,014 448

Legal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876 200 100 39

Educational services ........................................ 3,452 1,076 545 159

Social services ............................................. 3,918 822 459 249

Museums, galleries, and gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 *17 *10 9

Membership organizations . . ................................. 1,157 296 183 109

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 2,618 742 423 165

Private households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675 194 131 103

Services, not classified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 20 6 4

- Represents zero.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.
U.S. Census Bureau 21

Table A6.

Average Monthly Earnings in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002

(Full-quarter earnings, in dollars)

Industry 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years and

older

14 years

and older

Total ...................................................... 3,665 3,450 1,970 2,886

Agriculture

Agricultural production—crops ................................ 2,221 2,413 1,504 1,968

Agricultural production—livestock . ............................ *2,326 *1,971 1,605 1,957

Agricultural services . ........................................ 2,873 *3,100 1,774 2,221

Forestry ................................................... *2,512 2,587 *3,034 2,188

Fishing, hunting and trapping ................................ *2,147 *1,607 - 1,465

Mining

Metal mining ............................................... *3,669 *4,400 *3,313 *3,502

Coal mining . . . ............................................. *12,132 *13,986 *2,405 *10,233

Oil and gas extraction ....................................... 6,124 *2,576 *4,273 4,041

Mining and quarrying—nonmetallic ............................ 3,607 3,299 2,645 3,157

Construction

Building construction—general contractors . .................... 4,239 3,865 2,614 3,364

Construction other than building . ............................. 4,426 4,441 3,723 3,821

Construction—special trade .................................. 4,161 4,389 2,930 3,449

Manufacturing

Food and kindred products .................................. 4,728 5,219 *6,104 3,840

Tobacco products ........................................... *7,174 *7,174 - 4,616

Textile mill products ......................................... 3,463 2,997 1,268 3,342

Apparel from fabrics ........................................ 2,225 2,657 2,043 2,097

Lumber and wood products .................................. 2,512 2,658 2,188 2,171

Furniture and fixtures ....................................... 3,296 3,274 3,160 2,949

Paper and allied products .................................... 3,919 4,220 5,053 3,463

Printing and publishing ...................................... 3,699 3,407 2,180 3,227

Chemicals ................................................. 5,525 5,828 4,728 4,901

Petroleum refining .......................................... *5,067 *4,291 6,766 4,014

Rubber and plastics ......................................... 3,402 3,517 3,286 3,057

Leather and leather products ................................. 3,634 2,990 1,516 2,869

Stone, clay and glass ....................................... 3,286 3,362 2,710 3,048

Primary metal industries ..................................... 3,662 3,677 2,426 3,275

Fabricated metal products ................................... 3,627 3,851 3,649 3,180

Industrial and commercial machinery .......................... 3,570 3,575 3,303 3,188

Electronic and electrical equipment ........................... 3,280 3,320 3,277 3,055

Transportation equipment .................................... 4,288 4,489 3,853 3,796

Measuring and analyzing instruments ......................... 4,827 *4,785 4,131 4,256

Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................. 2,686 2,465 1,964 2,339

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Railroad transportation . . .................................... *2,044 *3,740 - 2,328

Local and suburban transit ................................... 1,731 1,492 1,013 1,544

Motor freight transportation .................................. 3,188 3,174 2,287 2,875

Water transportation ........................................ 3,782 3,270 2,803 2,934

Transportation by air ........................................ 4,567 *5,062 2,903 4,000

Pipelines, except natural gas ................................. 6,502 *9,997 - 6,270

Transportation services ...................................... 3,476 3,174 1,826 2,951

Communications . ........................................... *5,141 4,635 2,636 4,384

Electrical, gas and sanitary services .......................... 5,597 5,386 3,771 5,522

Wholesale Trade ...........................................

Wholesale trade—durables .................................. 4,575 4,267 2,659 3,834

Wholesale trade—nondurables ............................... 4,146 4,135 2,518 3,466

Retail Trade

Building materials and hardware dealers ...................... 2,573 2,274 1,505 2,136

General merchandise stores ................................. 2,027 1,757 *1,021 1,570

Food stores . ............................................... 2,317 1,967 1,038 1,573

Car dealers and gas stations ................................. 3,155 2,807 1,408 2,472

Apparel and accessory stores ................................ 1,923 1,618 1,042 1,253

Home furniture stores ....................................... 2,837 2,380 1,472 2,146

Eating and drinking places . . ................................. 1,614 1,474 1,032 1,075

Miscellaneous retail ......................................... 2,502 2,160 1,253 1,908
22 U.S. Census Bureau

Table A6.

Average Monthly Earnings in Missouri by Industry and Age: 2002 — Con.

(Full-quarter earnings, in dollars)

Industry 45-54 years 55-64 years

65 years and

older

14 years

and older

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate

Depository institutions ....................................... 3,585 3,420 2,687 2,890

Nondepository institutions .................................... 5,566 5,156 5,832 4,552

Security and commodity brokers .............................. *7,643 9,619 6,430 6,006

Insurance carriers . ......................................... 4,965 4,927 2,390 4,075

Insurance agents and brokers ................................ 4,530 4,246 2,540 3,723

Real estate ................................................ 2,901 2,616 1,573 2,419

Holding and other investment offices .......................... 6,330 8,599 5,567 5,509

Services

Hotels and other lodging places .............................. 1,939 1,630 1,296 1,608

Personal services . . ......................................... 2,224 2,049 1,138 1,813

Business services .......................................... 3,196 2,992 1,461 2,752

Car repair, services and parking .............................. 3,177 2,772 1,627 2,703

Miscellaneous repair services ................................ 3,098 2,704 1,648 2,707

Motion pictures ............................................. 3,794 3,411 *2,424 1,685

Amusement and recreation . ................................. 2,423 2,128 1,214 2,240

Health services ............................................. 3,936 3,555 2,291 3,093

Legal services .............................................. 5,673 6,072 4,122 4,652

Educational services ........................................ 3,607 3,842 3,277 3,101

Social services ............................................. 1,883 1,794 1,064 1,596

Museums, galleries, and gardens ............................. *3,057 *2,658 *1,447 2,313

Membership organizations . . ................................. 2,367 2,565 1,047 1,892

Engineering, accounting, and research ........................ 5,368 5,216 3,073 4,329

Private households ......................................... 1,251 1,202 897 1,156

Services, not classified ...................................... *10,271 4,549 2,857 5,855

- Represents zero.

* The value has been significantly distorted to protect confidentiality. A description of the confidentiality protection system is available at

http://www.lehd-test.net/factsheets/index.php.

Note: Earnings for workers 65 and older may reflect lump sum distributions.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center, Local Employment Dynamics program, 2002, Web site:

http://lehd.dsd.census.gov.

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Washington, DC 20233

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

Penalty for Private Use $300

FIRST-CLASS MAIL

POSTAGE & FEES PAID

U.S. Census Bureau

Permit No. G-58