· .. Appendix A·1·

Air Quality System (AQS) Data
User ID: GYE

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

DESIGN VALUE REPORT

Report Request ID: 883626 Report Code: AMP480

GEOGRAPHIC SELECTIONS

Jun. 21, 2011

Tribal

Code State County Site Parameter poe City

54 051 1002

54 069 0010

PROTOCOL SELECTIONS

AQCR UAR CBSA eSA

EPA

Region Method Duration Begin Date End Date

Parameter

Classification

DESIGN VALUE

Parameter

88101

Method DUration

SELECTED OPTIONS

Option Type

USER SITE METADATA

MERGE PDF FILES

QUARTERLY DATA IN WORKFILE

WORKFILE DELIMITER

SINGLE EVENT PROCESSING

GLOBAL DATES

Option Value

STREET ADDRESS

YES

NO

EXCLUDE REGIONALLY CONCURRED EVENTS

APPLICABLE STANDARDS

Start Date

2010

End Date

2010

Selection Criteria Page 1

Standard Description

PM25 24-hour 2006

PM25 Annual 2006
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

PRELIMINARY DESIGN VALUE REPORT

Notes:

1. Warning: Computed design values are a snapshot of the data at the time the report was run (may not be all data for year).

2. Annual Values not meeting completeness criteria are marked with an asterisk ('*').

Page 1 of 2

Report Date: Jun. 21, 2011
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

PRELIMINARY DESIGN VALUE REPORT

Report Date: Jun. 21, 2011

Design Value Year: 2010

REPORT EXCLUDES MEASOREMENTS WITH REGIONALLY CONCURRED EVENT FLAGS.

11.5

State

2009

West Virginia

26 y 12.4 y

I 24-Hour I Annual

IDesign Valid IDesign Valid

I~ !ill!:.. I .!lliL..

y 29 Y 13.1 Y

12.8 y

2008

!! 121 4 27.2

I

I Credo Compo 98th Wtd.

Ce..£!:.:..1 Days Qrtrs Perctil

!:! 361 4 29.1 13.1

Name:

Wtd.

12.2

12.9 N 119 4 23.2

Site ID /

STREET ADDRESS

54-051-1002

MOUNDSVILLE

54-069-0010

WHEELING - WARWOOD WATER

Notes:

1. Warning: Computed design values are a snapshot of the data at the time the report was run (may not be all data for year).

2. Annual Values not meeting completeness criteria are marked with an asterisk ('*').

Page 2 of 2
.Appendix A~2 .

.S'LAMS letter
IEnvironmental

1Protection Agency

. John R. Kasich, Governor

Mary Taylor, Lt. Governor

Scott J. Nally, Director

CERTIFIED MAIL

March 10, 2011

Cheryl L. Newton, Director

Air and Radiation Division

U.S.EPA, Region V

77 West Jackson Boulevard

Chicago, Illinois 60604

RE: 2010 SLAMS P~ .• and Ozone Data Certification

Dear Ms. Newton:

Please find enclosed our SLAMS Report (AMP-450, AMP-450NC and AMP2£5) for calendar year 2010 as required in 40 CFR, Part 58, Section

58.15. The ambient concentration and the quality assurance data

have been completely submitted to the AQS database.

The remaining criteria pollutant data will be certified within the

month of April.

I certify that the Ozone and p~., data in the report are accurate to

the best of our knowledge taking into consideration the quality

assurance findings and only to the extent of the activities

performed by Ohio EPA.

There were no incidents of air pollution that reached or exceeded

levels as specified by Section 51.151 which could cause significant

harm to the health of persons.

Sincerely,

Robert Hodanbosi

Chief, Division of Air pollution Control

Enclosure

50 West Town street. SUtte 700

P.O. Box 1049

CoIumbus,OH 43216-1049

.614 16443020

614 16443184 (fax)

www,epa.ohio.gov
Appendix B-1

Ohio 2005 SIP Base Year

. Inventory Discussion·
OHIO

2005 Base Year PM2.5 SIP Inventory

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency

Lazarus Government Center

50 West Town Street, Suite 700

Columbus Ohio 43215

Prepared by Ohio EPA

Division of Air Pollution Control

Emissions Inventory Unit

February 2008

1
Table of Contents

Section

Introduction , 3

1.0 Point Sources 4

2.0 Area Sources 8

3.0 Non Road Sources 15

4.0 On Road Sources 17

5.0 MAR Sources .43

2-1 Categories included in the 2005 area source Inventory 8

2-2 Emission Factors used for Wood Burners included in area sources 11

3-1 NMIM NCD Tables for Specific Years and States 16

4-1 Federal Functional Class Categories .23

4-2 DVMT Summary by County 24

4-3 Speed by Federal Functional Class 28

4-4 Link Group Codes &Associated BPR Curves 29

4-5 Mobile6 Inputs 31

4-6 LADCO Data Output............................................. .. 39

4-7 County Summary Table of MPOs by County .40

5-1 Number of operations and LTOs for 2005 45

5-2 EDMS Aircraft Emissions 50

5-3 Fleet Emission Factor Categories 51

5-4 Pollutant by County (Sample) 54

Figure

1 Speed Comparison Graphs 27

2
2005 Base Year PM2.5 SIP Inventory for Ohio

Introduction

The State of Ohio has a number of counties with air quality data showing nonattainment for the following PM2.5 standard:

• Annual Standard =15.0 ug/m3

The Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) requires all states to revise and submit State

Implementation Plans (SIP) for areas which are classified as non-attainment of the 1997

Fine Particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The Federal

Register (Vol. 72, No. 79/ Wednesday, April 25, 2007) provides the emissions inventory

rules and regulations for the PM2.5 Clean Air Fine Particle implementation rule. An

electronic version of the document can be found at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPAAIR/2007/April/Day-25/a6347.pdf.

As part of the designation of non-attainment areas for PM2.5 standards, a new

attainment demonstration SIP will be necessary. A key element in the overall SIP

planning process is the need for an updated emissions inventory. This document

presents the 2005 Base Year Particulate SIP Emissions Inventory for Ohio as required

by the CAAA. It includes emissions for point, area, on-road mobile and non-road mobile

for the State of Ohio.

This technical report documents the procedures and the methodologies that were used

in the development of daily emissions for all counties in Ohio. This report describes the

following:

1. Identification of stationary and mobile sources included in the

inventory;

2. Sources of data, and data collection methods used in the development

of the inventory;

3. Methods and procedures used to estimate emissions; and

4. Assumptions considered in the development of the emissions

inventories.

The intent of this report is to describe how the inventory was prepared, and what

information was considered in the inventory development.

This document is comprised of 5 sections, one section for each inventory type. The

biogenic inventory is not being discussed in this document because Ohio EPA did not

participate in the generation of this inventory. Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium

(LADCO) ran EPA's BEIS model in the Emission Modeling System (EMS) to generate

Summer Weekday emissions for VOC and NOx.

3
SECTION 1

POINT SOURCES

Emissions and source specific data for point sources are collected for the 2005 baseyear SIP inventory by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA.) The

primary source of data for point sources is facility reported STARShip files. STARShip

is a software package developed by Ohio EPA, Division of Air Pollution Control (DAPC),

to assist the regulated community in preparing and submitting a variety of electronic

permit applications and reports to the DAPC. These data are reported by the Title V

facilities annually as part of the emissions fee/inventory process conducted by Ohio

EPA and include emissions, process rates, operating schedules, emissions control data

and other relevant information.

The STARShip files are electronically transferred to the DAPC and stored into the

Division's Oracle database, STARS. The files are reviewed by the local air agencies

and Ohio EPA district and central office staff. After review, the data are imported into

Excel and linked with an Access® database to further process the information into the

federally approved National Emission Inventory (NEI) database format in version 3.0.

The files are quality assured again using the United States Environmental Protection

Agency's (U.S.EPA) QAlQC software for format and content. The data is finally

submitted to LADCO for emissions processing through the Emissions Modeling System.

The State provided inventory for Electric Generating Units (EGU) is replaced with the

Federal EGU inventory. The EGU inventory is compiled by U.S. EPA's Acid Rain

Program. It is based on facility reported emissions as measured by continuous

emissions monitors. In conclusion, the final point source inventory is a hybrid of the

federal EGU inventory and the state provided non-EGU units.

A major distinction typically made in emissions inventories is that between point and

area sources. In this inventory, point sources are sources for which individual records

are maintained for that source. Such records are maintained for all Ohio Title V facilities

(706 facilities statewide). The area source inventory accounts for facilities from nonTitle V facilities and calculates emissions information using surrogate emissions factors

based on energy usage, population, employment records, or other reliable data. A

more detailed discussion of the area source inventory is provided in Section 2. The

point source inventory described herein is considered to be the most current and

accurate source of emissions data available for 2005.

1.1 Point Source Process Emissions

Ohio EPA defines point source process emissions as those which occur at an

identifiable Title V stationary stack or vent. Point source emissions not emitted from

discrete stacks or vents are termed fugitive emissions and are discussed in Section 1.2.

4
1.1.1 Source Identification and Data Collection

The sources to be included in the 2005 base year inventory are identified using the Title

V STARS database. Facility production and emissions data are included in this

database. This information is facility-reported actual 2005 emissions.

1.1.2 Non-reactive VOC Emissions Adjustments

This section is primarily applicable for VOC pollutants. Sources are required to identify

emissions of photochemically non-reactive Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC.) Based

upon this information, those emissions have been specifically excluded from the 2005

base line inventory in accordance with U.S. EPA's "Recommended Policy on the

Control of Volatile Organic Compounds." A complete list of the compounds that U.S.

EPA has identified as being photochemically non-reactive, and therefore not included in

the inventory, are listed below:

• Methane

• Ethane

• Methylene chloride

• Methyl chloroform

• Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)

• Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)

• Chlorodifluoromethane (CFC-22)

• Trifluoromethane (HFC-23)

• Chlorofluoromethance (HCFC-31)

• Difluoromethane (HFC-32)

• Decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee)

• Ethylfluoride (HFC-161)

• Trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113)

• Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)

• Chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)

• 2,2-Dichloro-1 ,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123)

• 1,1 ,2-Trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a)

• 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124)

• Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125)

• 1,1 ,2,2,-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134)

• 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a)

• 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141 b)

• 1-Chloro-1 ,1 ,-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b)

• 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane (HFC-143a)

• Fluoroethane (HCFC-151a)

• 1,1-Difluoroethane (HFC-152a)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-225ca)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-225cb)

• Hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea)

• Hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ca)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ea)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb)

5
• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa)

• Pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc)

• Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF)

• Methoxybutane

• Nonaflourobutane

• Heptafluoropropane «CF3hCFCF20CH3)

• Heptafluoropropane «CF3)CFCF20C2H5)

• Perchloroethylene

• Cyclic, branched or linear completely methylated siloxanes

• Methyl acetate

• Volatile methyl siloxanes

• Acetone

1.1.3 Emissions Estimation Methodologies

Since source reported actual annual emissions are used in the 2005 base year

inventory, no estimation methods are necessary. The reports are provided to LADCO in

National Emissions Inventory Input Format (NIF) 3.0 format. LADCO imported and

processed the NIF files in EMS and applied temporal and spatial profiles to the annual

emissions to calculate weekday emissions rates. The final point source inventory is

split into two separate reports, the Electric Generating Units (EGU) which is the U.S.

EPA inventory for electric generating units and the non-EGU which is the state inventory

minus the EGU units.

1.2 Point Source Fugitive Emissions

Another type of emissions data which is required to be filed from point sources is

fugitive emissions. Before 1990, fugitive emissions were categorized as area sources

due to the lack of detailed information available for fugitive sources. However, since

these emissions are now electronically reported in the State's ORACLE database,

STARS, these emissions can be classified as point sources.

1.3 References

Getting Started: Emissions Inventory Methods for PM2.5 U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, September, 1999.

Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter

National Ambient Air Qaulitv Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations,

Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards Research, Triangle Park, NC. November

2005.

Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors, Fourth Edition and Supplements, AP42.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, September 1985.

6
Preparing 2002 Regional PM2.5 Emissions QAQPS PM Inventory Conference Inventory

Conference San Diego, 2003.

Documentation for the 2002 Electric Generating Unit National Emissions Inventory

(NEI). Eastern research group, Inc., 1600 Perimeter Park Drive, Morrisville, NC 27560

and E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc., 5528-8 Hempstead Way

7
SECTION 2

AREA SOURCES

Area sources are sources which are typically small, individual, numerous, and have not

been inventoried as specific point, mobile, or biogenic sources. For inventory purposes,

they are grouped with other like sources into categories that allow emissions to be

calculated collectively using one methodology. Since area sources are traditionally

defined at the county level, most methods are designed to estimate area source

emissions at the county level.

Ohio EPA has either used published Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)6

methodologies or selected other methodologies which are shared by other states. The

decision of which methodology to use was largely based on Ohio's data availability.

Data which was not available on a county-level is estimated by assigning a percentage

of the state's total activity to each county based on the state's population or employment

information. If Ohio county specific activity data is available through Ohio EPA or other

State Agencies, that data is used rather than allocating activity by percentage. Table 2-1

lists the sources which emit PM2.5, NOx and S02 along with the respective EFs used to

calculate each pollutant.

Table 2-1 Categories in the 2005 PM2-5 SIP Area Source inventory

Area Source NOx PM2.5 S02 Section

Commercial Natural 94Ib/MMSCF 7.6 Ib/MMSCF 0.6 Ib/MMSCF 2.1 Gas Combustion

Industrial Distillate Oil 20 Ib/E3gal fuel 0.25 Ib/E3gal fuel 42.6 Ib/E3gal fuel 2.2 Combustion

Industrial Residual Oil 55 Ib/E3gal fuel 4.67 Ib/E3gal fuel 157 Ib/E3gal fuel 2.2 Combustion

Industrial Natural Gas 94Ib/MMSCF 7.6 Ib/MMSCF 0.6 Ib/MMSCF 2.2 Combustion

Residential Coal 9.1 LblTon Coal 3.8 LblTon Coal 31 LblTon Coal 2.3 Combustion

Residential Distillate 18 Ib/E3gal fuel 0.83Ib/E3gal fuel 42.6 Ib/E3gal fuel 2.3 Oil Combustion

Residential Natural 94Ib/MMSCF 7.6 Ib/MMSCF 0.6 Ib/MMSCF 2.3 Gas Combustion

Residential LPG 13 Ib/E3gal fuel 0.17 Ib/E3gal fuel 0.1 Ib/E3gal fuel 2.3 Combustion

Human Cremation 1.01E+01 IblTon 0.06371blTon NA 2.4 cremated cremated

Structure Fires 1.4 LblTon 10.8 LblTon NA 2.5 burned burned

Outdoor Wood Boilers 2.8 LblTon 2.76E+1 LblTon 4 E-1 LblTon 2.6

8
Residential Wood

Combustion

Non-Certified 2.80E+OO Ibrron 3.06E+01 Ibrron 4.00E-01 Ibrron 2.3

Non-Catalytic 2.80E+OO Ibrron 1.96E+01 Ibrron 4.00E-01 Ibrron

Catalytic 2.00E+OO Ibrron 2.04E+01 Ibrron 4.00E-01 Ibrron

2.1 Commercial Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2103006000)

The 2005 total state-level commercial sector energy consumption is obtained from the

Energy Information Administration (EIA)'s State Energy Data System (SEDS), and

apportioned per county based on population4. Emissions factors are given in table 2-1.

The area source emissions are calculated based on an adjusted value by subtracting

the emissions due to point sources.

2.2 Industrial Fuel Combustion

Industrial Distillate Oil Combustion (SCC 2102004000)

Ohio's fuel consumption is apportioned per county based on the county's population4.

The area source NOx emissions are calculated and adjusted by subtracting the

emissions due to point sources. A heating value of 140 MMBTU/1000 Gal is used and

84,408 thousand gallons are consumed in 2005. [MMBTU stand for Million British

Thermal Units]. Emissions factors are given in table 2-1.

S02 emissions were calculated using EF 42.6 Lb/1000 Gal. PM1Q and PM2.5 emissions

are calculated using 1Lb/1000 Gal and 0.25 Lb/1000 Gal respectively. All Factors are

obtained from AP_4219

Industrial Residual Oil Combustion (SCC 2102005000)

Ohio's fuel consumption is apportioned per county based on the county's population4.

The area source NOx emissions are calculated and adjusted by subtracting the

emissions due to point sources. 54,652 thousand gallons14 are consumed in 2005 and

a heating value of 140 MMBTU/1000 Gal is used. The S02 emissions are calculated

using EF 157 Lb/1000 Gal. PM10 and PM2.5 emissions are calculated using 7.17 Lb/1000

Gal and 4.67 Lb/1000 Gal respectively. All factors are obtained from AP_4219

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2102006000)

Ohio's fuel consumption is apportioned per county based on the county's population4.

The area source NOx emissions are calculated and adjusted by subtracting the

emissions due to point sources. 293,857 MMCF14 are consumed in 2005. The S02

9
emissions are calculated using EF 0.6 Lb/MMBTU. The PM10and PM2.5 emissions are

calculated using 7.6 Lb/MMBTU. All factors were obtained from AP-4219

2.3 Residential Fuel Combustion

Residential Coal Combustion (SCC 2104001000)

Ohio's household consumption of coal is apportioned per county based on county

population4

. NOx emissions are calculated using EF of 9.1 of coal. The S02 emissions

are calculated using EF 31 Lb/1 000 Gal. The PM10 and PM2.5 emissions are calculated

using 6.2Lb/Ton and 3.8 Lb/Ton respectively. All factors were obtained from AP_4219

Residential Distillate Oil Combustion (SCC 2104004000)

Ohio's household consumption of distillate oil is apportioned per county based on

county population4

. NOx emissions are calculated using EF of 18 Ib/1000 gallons

distillate fuel respectively. A heating value of 140 MMBTU/1000 Gal is used. The S02

emissions are calculated using EF 42.6 Lb/1000 Gal. The PMlO and PM2.5 emissions

are calculated using 1.08Lb/1 000 Gal and 0.83 Lb/1000 Gal respectively. All factors are

obtained from AP_4219

Residential Liquid Petroleum Gas Combustion (LPG)

(SCC 2104007000)

Ohio's household consumption of LPG is apportioned per county based on county

population4. NOx emissions are calculated using EF of 13 Ib/1000 gallons LPG. The

S02 emissions are calculated using EF 0.1 Lb/1000 Gal. The PMlO and PM2.5 emissions

are calculated using 0.17Lb/1000 Gal. All factors are obtained from AP_4219

Residential Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2104006010)

Ohio's household consumption of LPG is apportioned per county based on county

population4

• NOx emissions are calculated using EF of 94 Ib/MMSCF. MMSCF stands

for Million Standard Cubic Feet. This source also emits S02 emissions which are

calculated using EF 0.6 Lb/MMBTU. The PM10 and PM2.5 emissions are calculated

using 7.6Lb/MMBTU. All factors are obtained from AP_4219

Residential Wood Combustion

NOx emissions from this area source are calculated for seven types of residential

heating units that utilize wood for fuel. They are listed below with the appropriate SCC:

Fireplaces without inserts

Fireplaces with inserts catalytic (non-U.S. EPA cert)

Fireplaces with inserts non -catalytic

Fireplaces with inserts catalytic (U.S. EPA cert)

Wood stoves - Conventional

Woodstoves - Catalytic

Wood stoves - Non catalytic

2104008001

2104008002

2104008003

2104008004

2104008010

2104008030

2104008050

10
The number of Ohio homes with fireplaces are adjusted for those that burn wood. The

following assumptions are applied to those adjusted homes:

92 percent of wood cornbusted in non-certified units

5.7 percent of wood combusted in non-catalytic units

2.3 percent of wood combusted in catalytic units

A state consumption value is applied which is apportioned to each county based on its

population4

• Table 2-2 shows the EF used for each of the seven types of indoor wood

burners which make-up this category:

Table 2-2 Emission Factors Used for Wood Burners

SCC 2104008002 2104008003 2104008004

SCC 2104008010 2104008050 2104008030

SCC 2104008001

RAPIDS Code Non-Certified Non-Catalvtic Catalvtic Units

S02 4.00E-01 4.00E-01 4.00E-01 Lb/ton

NOx 2.80E+00 2.80E+00 2.00E+00 Lb/ton

PM2.5 3.06E+01 1.96E+01 2.04E+01 Lb/ton

To avoid double counting of wood consumption for fuel, this category is adjusted by

subtracting the wood consumption from OWB to allow this category to account only for

indoor wood burning emissions.

Residential Wood combustion also emits S02 which is calculated using EF 0.4 LblTon

EF. The PM2.5 emissions are calculated using EF as shown in table 2-2. All factors are

obtained from AP_4219

2.4 Human Cremation (SCC 2810060200)

Not all Ohio counties possess a crematory so only those counties with crematories are

used to calculate the number of cremations and their resulting NOx emissions. The

2005 cremation data is obtained from the Ohio Department of Health, Vital Statistics17.

It is estimated that 3% of deaths occur outside the State of Ohio with no available data

to account for their disposition at the time this area source is being calculated.

Therefore, those deaths are not accounted for in this category.

The methodology does not offer an EF for NOx for this category nor is NOx required to

be calculated for this area source. Ohio feels that it is a combustion source and NOx

needs to be included in the inventory along with the other combustion sources.

Through its Permits-to-Install for human cremation, Ohio has selected a NOx EF of

10.13lb/ton cremated to calculate emissions from this area source.

11
This source also emits PM, PM1o, and PM2.5emissions which are calculated using EF

0.1 LbITon, 0.071 LblTon and, 0.0637 LblTon respectively. All factors are obtained from

AP_4219

2.5 Structure Fires (See 2810030000)

The Structure Fires category includes residential and commercial fires resulting from

unintentional actions. Intentional fires, forest and wildfires, agricultural, and vehicle

burning are not included in this area source. The State Fire Marshall Office, Fire

Prevention Bureau15 provided data on the number of structure fires per county in 2005.

This area source is considered a combustion source for NOx emissions which are

calculated using EF 1.4 lb/ton burned. The residential and commercial structures fires

for each county are tabulated and a fuel loading of 1.15 Tonlfire is applied. This source

also emits PM, PM1Q, and PM2.5 emissions which are calculated using EF 10.8 LblTon.

This factor was obtained from AP_4219

2.6 Outdoor Wood Boilers (See 2104008070)

Outdoor Wood Boilers (OWB), are also known as outdoor water stoves and outdoor

wood furnaces, are used as outdoor residential heaters. These boilers have wood

burning fireboxes surrounded by a water reservoir vented by a chimney stack. The

combustion of the wood in the firebox heats the water in the surrounding reservoir and

the heated water is pumped to the residence. OWB units can also supply residential

hot water. The water capacity ranges from 60 gallons to 764 gallons. The operational

design creates long periods where the fire smolders and creosote is formed13.

When the water circulating through the furnace reaches an upper set point, the air

supply to the fire is cut-off, cooling the fire so the water will not overheat. The furnace

operates in this "idle" mode until the water temperature hits a lower set point and the air

supply is re-established. The OWB may be in idle mode far longer than in operating

mode. This type of operating causes very poor combustion and heavy foul smoke. Most

of the smoke emitted is fine condensed organic material that does not burn under cool,

oxygen starved conditions. In addition, many owners burn green wood full of moisture

which also causes poor combustion12. The smoke created from these outdoor wood

burning units can contain several pollutants that are harmful to breathe, including fine

particle pollution such as PM 2.511 in addition to NOx (research assisted by Deborah

Lucas, DAPC intern, 2007)

This new area source category has many unknowns and variables associated with it

and Ohio does not possess accurate OWB unit sales data available to calculate

emissions on the county level. Therefore, several assumptions are made in agreement

with the Great Lake States in order to formulate a homogeneous inventory for the

region.

12
The assumptions are as follows:

• 100% of wood combusted in non-certified units.

• OWB units to be 90% in rural counties and 10% in urban counties

• 11.68 cords of wood consumption per unit per year (includes heating efficiency of

30-40%)

• 5 months heating season = 3650 hours (24/7)

• PM2.5 emissions factor (g/kg wood) =13.82 (Average of indoor and outdoor) or

27.64 Ib/ton of wood

The agreed upon methodology requires that total number of OWB sold in Ohio be

apportioned to each county based on rural or urban designation while observing the 9:1

ratio in area sales. The guesstimated factors (see above) are applied to calculate the

emissions from this outdoor wood burner. Total emissions obtained from this category

are subtracted from the Residential Wood Combustion category to allow for accurate

emissions from the indoor wood burning units.

2.7 References

1. Documentation For the 2002 Non-Point Source National Emission Inventorv For

CAPS and HAPS. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emissions Factor and

inventory Group. E.H Pechan and Associates, Inc. January 2004.

2. United States Census Bureau. Population Division.

http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/counties/tables/CO·EST2002/CO·EST2002·01·

39.php (Accessed 2003)

3. United States Census Bureau. County Business Patterns.

http://censtats.census.gov/cbpnaic/cbpnaic.shtml

(Accessed 2003)

4. Ohio Department of Development, Office of Strategic Research. Population Projects

by Age and Sex: 2005-2030. http://www.odod.ohio.gov/research/files/p200.htm

(Accessed August 2006)

5. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1999 Base Year Non-point Source National

Emission Inventory for HazardOUS Air Pollutants, Research Triangle Park, NC.

September 28, 2001.

6. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). STAPPA-ALAPCO-EPA Emission

Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP). Volume III - Area Sources Preferred and

Alternative Methods. November 1996.

7. Documentation for the Draft 1999 National Emissions Inventory (Version 3.0) for

Criteria Air Pollutants and Ammonia. Area Sources. E. H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.

March 3, 2003

13
8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, STAPPA-ALAPCO-EPA Emission Inventory

Improvement Program (EIIP), Volume III - Area Sources Preferred and Alternative

Methods, Chapter 8. September 1997.

9. Spreadsheet formulation provided by "Buzz" David Asselmeier, Air Quality Planning

Section, Inventory Group, Springfield, Illinois.

10. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). STAPPA-ALAPCO-EPA Emission

Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP). Volume III - Area Sources Preferred and

Alternative Methods. May 1997.

11. (Environmental Chemistry.com) viewed on Feb 8th, 2007.

fhttp://environmentalchemistrv.com/yogi/environmental/200602outdoorwoodfurnaces.ht

m!J

12. (Washington State, Department of Ecology) viewed on Feb 8th, 2007

fhttp://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/air/AOPPermits/Boiler/OutdoorBoilershome.html)

13. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Reducing Pollution from Outdoor WoodFired Hydronic Heaters. Fact Sheet

http://www.epa.gov/owhh/pdfs/fact sheet 1 29 07.pdf (Accessed 1/2007)

14. Industrial Sector Energy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2001, Ohio.

Energy Information Administration. U. S. Department of Energy.

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sepprices/ind/prindoh.html

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/pdf/pages/sec1 27.pdf (Accessed 2003)

15. State Fire Marshal Office. Fire Prevention Bureau, Columbus, Ohio.

http://www.com.state.oh.us/odoc/sfm/firecont.htm (Accessed 2003)

16. Documentation for the Draft 1999 National Emissions Inventory (Version 3.0) For

Criteria Air Pollutants and Ammonia. Area Sources. E. H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.

March 3, 2003

17. Ohio Department of Health, Vital Statistics

18. Environmental Protection Agency. STAPPA-ALAPCO-EPA Emission Inventory

Improvement Program (EIIP). Volume X - Emissions Projections. December 1999.

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiipltechreport/volume1 0/x01.pdf

(Accessed 2/2007)

19. Environmental Protection Agency. AP-42. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/

14
SECTION 3

NON·ROAD SOURCES

The non-road inventory is generated regionally by running U.S. EPA's National Mobile

Inventory Model (NMIM) model. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

undertook the responsibility of customizing the NMIM input files and submitting the

output file in NIF format to LADCO and U.S. EPA. LADCO processed the NMIM files in

their emissions model and generated daily emissions rates. Grant Heatherington from

the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources provided the following descriptions...

The National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) developed by USEPA was used to

estimate emissions for all other non-road mobile categories. NMIM consolidates nonroad mobile emissions and on-road emissions modeling into a single modeling system.

Only the non-road emissions modeling portion of NMIM was used in the development of

this emission's inventory. NMIM uses the USEPA's NONROAD model to calculate nonroad mobile emissions. The basic NONROAD algorithm for calculating emissions uses

base year equipment populations, average load factors, available engine powers,

activity hours and emission factors. Before NMIM was run, modifications and additions

were made to the NMIM input data.

a. Added emission factors for diesel tampers/rammers provided by E.H.

Pechan & Associates, Inc. Diesel tampers/rammers are a type of

construction equipment.

b. Revised PM2.5 ratios in SCC table to correctly calculate PM2.5 diesel

emissions. This error was introduced with NMIM2005 and didn't exist in

NMIM2004.

c. Revised gasoline parameters using updates provided by the states and

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. Gasoline parameters include Reid Vapor

Pressure (RVP), oxygenate content and sulfur content.

The NMIM NEI NIF files are on the LADCO ftp site at:

ftp://ftp.airtoxics.org/inv2005/nonroad/NMIM/Base L ph2/2005/

Revised NMIM2005 Input Data

Emission Factor Data

All States: Pechan revised the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) emission factor data to

include diesel tampers/rammers (2270002006). The revised NMIM file is saved as

revBSFC.EMF.

15
Population Data

For 26000.pop, replaced default file supplied with NMIM2005 with 26000_rev_NMIM05.pop that

contains revised construction data missing from 26000.pop external file provided with

NMIM2005. This Michigan construction data should have been added with the other LADCO

states modified construction data but was overlooked.

SCC Data

The default SCC table of NCD20060201 is replaced by a version that contains corrections to the

PM25fac field that earlier NCDs contained (i.e. changed from 0.92 to 0.97 for diesel non-road

equipment) in NONROAD2004.

Fuel Data

LADCO States: Pechan revised four tables (countyyear, countyyearmonth, datasource and

gasoline) in the National County Database (NCO) used by NMIM to incorporate new fuel data.

AIR revised gasoline characteristics per instructions from the states. Also, gasoline

characteristic revisions for 2005 provided by states were incorporated. Additional revisions

were incorporated into 2002 data for non-road Stage 2 controls. Depending on the year being

modeled, different versions of the revised tables are used. Also, the countynrfile, countyyear

and datasource tables were revised to reference the new activity, allocation, growth, population

and seasonality files described above. NCO tables with names ending in "def' are default

versions of the table. See table below for the appropriate versions of the tables for the selected

years.

Non-LADCO States: The countynrfile, countyyear and datasource tables were revised to

reference the new activity, allocation and seasonality files described above. See table below for

the appropriate versions of the tables for the selected years.

Table 3-1 NMIM National County Database Tables for Specific Years and States

States

Years

1999 (WI only) 2002,05,07,08,09,12 and 18

LADCO states countynrfile_NMIM05_rev, countynrfile_NMIM05_rev,

countyyear_NMIM05_rev, countyyear_NMIM05_rev,

countyyearmonth_NMIM05_w countyyearmonth_NMIM05_w_05_12_18_rev,

_05_12_18_rev, datasource_NMIM05_rev,

datasource_NMIM05_rev, gasoline_NMIM05_w_05_12_18_rev

gasoline_NMIM05_def SCC_NCD20060201Jev (used when

SCC_NCD2006020 1_rev NCD20060201 is used)

(used when NCD20060201 is

used)

16
SECTION 4

ON-ROAD SOURCES

A mobile source of air pollution is a self-propelled or portable emitter of air pollutants,

and mobile source emissions are those generated by the engines or motors that power

such sources. Most mobile sources, except jet or turboprop aircraft, are powered by

internal combustion (IC) piston engines, and nearly all use liquid fuels.

Gaseous fuels, such as compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum gas

(LPG), had only a very small fraction of the motor fuel market in Ohio in 2005. Solid

fuels have not been used by mobile sources in significant amounts since railroads

retired their coal-powered steam locomotives in the 1950s.

4.1 Categories of Mobile Sources

For inventory and planning purposes, mobile sources are divided into two major

categories.

1. On-highway mobile sources (usually referred to as on-road), e.g., motor

vehicles such as cars, vans, trucks, buses and motorcycles used for

transportation of goods and passengers on roads and streets

2. Off-highway (usually referred to as non-road) mobile sources including:

• Modes of powered transportation that do not use roads, such as aircraft,

trains, ships and boats, and motor vehicles used off-road.

• Self-propelled or portable motorized machines or equipment not used for

transportation, ranging from construction equipment and farm tractors to

lawnmowers and hand-held power weed choppers.

Mobile Sources: All on-road mobile sources are self-propelled.

Non-road Mobile Sources: Some non-road mobile sources (e.g., farm tractors), are

self-propelled, but many non-road sources are not. A gasoline-powered chain saw is a

familiar example of a non-self-propelled non-road mobile source.

Stationary Sources: Not all movable or portable emission sources are mobile sources,

however. A small truck-portable cement or hot-mix asphalt plant, for example, may be

set up near a construction or road-building site. Such plants are classified as stationary

sources, not mobile sources for two reasons: (1) they may operate for weeks or months

at a single location, and (2) the trucks that move the plants do not supply power for

them.

17
NOTE: Not all Internal Combustion engines (IC) or turbine engines are mobile sources.

Fixed IC engines, such as those that power pipeline compressors or standby generators

in electricity plants and elsewhere, are also classified as stationary sources.

4.1.1 Categories and Components of Mobile Source Emissions

There are three categories of mobile source emissions:

• Exhaust or tailpipe emissions, which result from the combustion of fuel in the

source's engine

• Evaporative emissions, which result from evaporation of fuel from the engine or

its fuel system

• Refueling emissions

Exhaust Emissions: Are the result of fuel combustion and occur only when the engine

is running.

Evaporative emissions: Are Volatile arganic Compound (VaC) based only and are

continuously emitted from an engine's fuel system, whether the engine is running or not.

Gasoline is a very volatile fuel, so total vac emissions from gasoline powered vehicles

have a large evaporative component. Diesel and jet fuels are of very low volatility, so

evaporative emissions from diesel and turbine engines are a much smaller part of their

total vac emissions. Evaporative emissions for CNG or LPG powered vehicles are

negligible because their fuel tanks and systems are of necessity, sealed.

Evaporative and exhaust vac emissions can be calculated separately for most mobile

source categories. Evaporative emissions do not include vac emissions that occur

during refueling.

Refueling Emissions: These emissions are the third category of mobile source

emissions. Refueling emissions are entirely vac. Although they result from the

evaporation of fuel, they are distinct from, and not directly related to, evaporative

emissions as defined above.

Refueling emissions have two subcomponents:

• Displacement emissions. These occur when new fuel is transferred into a partly

filled tank--be it a service station storage tank, a portable fuel container (gas

can), or a vehicle or engine's fuel tank; displacing the air in the tank and forcing

that vapor-rich air out the inlet pipe or other vent. There are two stages of

displacement emissions:

o "Stage I" emissions occur when the underground storage tanks at a

service station are being refilled;

18
o "Stage II" emissions occur when a motor vehicle (or gas can) is being

refueled.

NOTE: These emissions are covered in, "Area Sources," section 3.6.

• Spill emissions. These occur when drops of fuel drip or splash on the ground

during or after refueling and evaporate away.

4.2 Ohio On-Road Mobile Source Inventory

The inventory of on-road mobile source emissions was developed in conjunction with

the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT), Lake Michigan Air Director's

Consortium (LADCO), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and

the Ohio EPA (OEPA). Estimates of the amounts of NOx and VOC are reported by

county in tons per day. Emissions are reported for a typical ozone season weekday in

the summer of 2005.

4.2.1 Emission Inventories Developed with MOBILE6 Model

MOBILE6 Overview:

MOBILE6 is a computer program that estimates hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide

(CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), exhaust particulate matter (which consists of several

components), tire wear particulate matter, brake wear particulate matter, sulfur dioxide

(S02), ammonia (NHs), six hazardous air pollutant (HAP), and carbon dioxide (C02)

emission factors for gasoline-fueled and diesel highway motor vehicles, and for certain

specialized vehicles such as natural-gas-fueled or electric vehicles that may replace

them. The program uses the calculation procedures presented in technical reports

posted on EPA's MOBILE6 Web page http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models.htm.

MOBILE6 emission factor estimates depend on various conditions, such as ambient

temperatures, travel speeds, operating modes, fuel volatility, and mileage accrual rates.

Many of the variables affecting vehicle emissions can be specified by the user.

MOBILE6 will estimate emission factors for any calendar year between 1952 and 2050,

inclusive. Vehicles from the 25 most recent model years are considered to be in

operation in each calendar year.

4.2.2 MOBILE6 Defaults:

MOBILE6 includes default values for a wide range of conditions that affect emissions.

These defaults are designed to represent "national average" input data values. Users

who desire a more precise estimate of local emissions can substitute information that

more specifically reflects local conditions. Use of local input data will be particularly

common when the local emission inventory is to be constructed from separate

19
estimates of roadways, geographic areas, or times of day, in which fleet or traffic

conditions vary considerably.

A list of MOBILE6 input parameters is provided below. Most of these inputs are optional

because the model will supply default values unless alternate data are provided.

4.2.3 MOBILE6 Input Parameters

• Calendar year

• Month (January, July)

• Hourly Temperature

• Altitude (high, low)

• VVeekend/weekday

• Fuel characteristics (Reid vapor pressure, sulfur content,

oxygenate content, etc.)

• Humidity and solar load

• Registration (age) distribution by vehicle class

• Annual mileage accumulation by vehicle class

• Diesel sales fractions by vehicle class and model year

• Average speed distribution by hour and roadway

• Distribution of vehicle miles traveled by roadway type

• Engine starts per day by vehicle class and distribution by hour

• Engine start soak time distribution by hour

• Trip end distribution by hour

• Average trip length distribution

• Hot soak duration

• Distribution of vehicle miles traveled by vehicle class

• Full, partial, and multiple diurnal distribution by hour

• Inspection and maintenance (11M) program description

• Anti-tampering inspection program description

• Stage II refueling emissions inspection program description

• Natural gas vehicle fractions

• HC species output

• Particle size cutoff

• Emissions factors for PM and HAP

• Output format specifications and selections

4.2.4 MOBILE6 References

The following publications provide much of the guidance for the preparation of the onhighway inventory.

EPA-450/4-81-026d (ReVised), now EPAl450-R-92·009, Procedures for Emission

Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources, December 1992. Hereafter,

"Procedures Vol. IV". The 1992 version is still the definitive document on

20
inventories. If a previous edition is referred to, the fact will be noted as, for example,

"the 1989 Procedures Vol. IV" or "Volume IV, 1989 edition".

EPA420·R·03-010, User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2: Mobile Source

Emission Factor Model, August 2003. This is the User's Guide for the official

MOBILE6.2.03 on-highway mobile source emission factor model and will usually be

referred to as the M6.2 (or simply M6) User's Guide (UG). The M6 model in its

various versions was developed and published by Assessment & Modeling Division

(AMD) of the National Vehicle &Fuels Emissions Laboratory (NVFEL) in Ann Arbor,

Michigan. The NVFEL is part of USEPA Office of Transportation & Air Quality

(OTAQ), formerly the Office of Mobile Sources (OMS).

Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory

Preparation, August 2004. Hereafter, the M6 "Technical Guidance [Document]" or

"TGD". The TGD is the primary source of guidance on M6 inputs and an invaluable

adjunct to the M6 User's Guide.

USEPA document "Frequently Asked Questions on MOBILE6", 16 January

2002. Hereafter, [M6] "FAQ". This document was published along with the M6

TGD.

USEPA memo, "Policy Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for SIP Development

and Transportation Conformity", dated 18 January 2002, from John Seitz,

Director of OAQPS, and Margo Oge, Director of OTAQ, to Regional Air Division

Directors.

4.3 Ohio's Alternate Data for MOBILE6

Alternative data is state-specific data that is used in the Mobile6 runs. Using local data

is preferred to using the default data in Mobile6. Efforts are made to collect as much

local data as possible.

4.3.1 Vehicle Registration Distribution by Age

Overview:

The vehicle age distribution determines the fraction of vehicles operating within each

emissions control requirement standard and the deterioration of the emission control

technology.

Emission rates vary widely between new and older vehicles. Thus, even small changes

in fleet age, particularly for older vehicles, may result in large changes in emission

totals.

21
The MOBILE6 model requires estimates of a distribution of registered vehicles by age

and vehicle category for current and future years. MOBILE6 default values were

developed using national level vehicle registration data by age and class for July 1,

1996. EPA developed a methodology to convert the July 1, 1996 registration profile into

a general registration distribution by age and by vehicle category for some 6 composite

(gasoline and diesel) vehicle types plus motorcycles. To project future changes, EPA

evaluated general sales growth and vehicle scrappage trends for the total light-duty

vehicle in-use fleet and the total heavy-duty vehicle in-use fleet, and made minor

adjustments, where possible, to reflect some of the differences between vehicle

categories.

Description: The MOBlLE6 model requires estimates of a distribution of registered

vehicles by age and vehicle category for current and future years. OEPA chose to use

local vehicle registration data provided by the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles (BMV)

which was sent to the Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO) to develop

these inputs. LADCO then contracted with a subcontractor to breakout the age

distribution data from the Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN).

Note: It was learned during the course of this inventory that there were some

discrepancies in the age distribution data. But it was too large of a project to reevaluate

the data prior to this inventory. This will be corrected in the next inventory (2008).

Method Applicability: This approach is most applicable in areas where there are

significant differences in the local vehicle fleet age distribution relative to the national

average.

Data Sources and Procedures: This approach involves using local vehicle registration

data. This is typically available at the county level, but may also be applied using

statewide data from the state motor vehicle registration office. The fleet age should be

representative of the vehicle fleet over the small urban or rural area under question.

Advantages:

• Uses locally specific registration data, which is likely more representative of the

local area than the national default.

• Requires minimal additional resources, particularly if data is readily available at

the county or local level from the State department of motor vehicle registration.

• Recommended by EPA and generally is encouraged as a preferred approach

over the national default approach.

22
4.3.2 Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled (DVMT)

Overview:

In coordination with Ohio Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs), the Ohio

Department of Transportation (ODOT) provided Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled (DVMT)

data and travel demand model (TDM) data. TDM data will be covered in another

section. Because TDM results are used by the state and MPOs to forecast traffic for a

variety of reasons, undergo rigorous calibration and validation checks, and are sensitive

to roadway capacity/travel time improvements, the TDMs are considered the best tool

for emissions forecasting. Therefore, the DVMT data discussed in this section is not

used directly for all areas of Ohio. In counties where it is not used directly it is used for

making rough emissions estimates where models do not exist or where time prohibits

the use of TDMs. DVMT is a simple mechanism to measure how much traffic is flowing

along a roadway during an average 24 hour period. This simple formula mUltiplies

Average Annual Daily Traffic (MDT) by the length of the roadway. For example; if a

roadway is 2 miles in length and the MDT is 4000 vehicles per day the DVMT would be

computed by multiplying 2*4,000 =8,000 or 8,000 DVMT.

CountY-By-County DVMT is computed using the State of Ohio, Department of

Transportation's Roadway Information Files and the annual Highway Performance

Monitoring System (HPMS) Summary Reports. DVMT's are computed for all of the

Federal Functional Class (FC) categories within each of Ohio's 88 counties.

The MDT and Roadway length information provides a very accurate estimate of

statewide total DVMT for The State Highway System (Interstate, US and State Routes).

County total DVMT are consistent and considered a good source of county level DVMT

for countywide emissions estimates. For roadways that are not part of the State

Highway System, various representative counts were used, such as: railroad crossing

counts, HPMS Sample Section Counts, etc. All traffic count data that was not collected

during the current year has had statewide growth factors applied to account for

systematic growth.

Given the previously mentioned methodologies, the DVMT data is more accurate on

roads functionally classified as collector or above.

Table 4-1 Federal Functional Class Categories:

01 - Rural Interstate

02 - Rural Principal Arterial

06 - Rural Minor Arterial

07 - Rural Major Collector

08 - Rural Minor Collector

09 - Rural Local

11 - Urban Interstate

12 - Urban Freeway & Expressway

14 - Urban Principal Arterial

16 - Urban Minor Arterial

17 - Urban Collector

19 - Urban Local

23
Table 4·2 DVMT County Summary:

>/!·.·~•."'''m,'. , ...... .•".·'2 ••·kll·j!il~~···~.;""'.:~;II='!2,!,<i§kB ••~·;.o.;T·•.0.'ii iYi·.>.<i}{

COUNTY SUMMARY: Adjusted County kOVMT's

.~

2005Dola (hDUMT::: Thousands of Daily Vehicles Miles Traveled)

•• TOTAl TOTAl TOTAl

fC=ltt fC=112 fC=OO fC=01 fC=08 FC:O!l RlIl.O. fC=11 FC=12 FC=14 fC=16 FC=l1 FG;;19 URB'" CUWIY

COWJYNlHf ••• "'''IT "'''IT "'''IT "'''IT InM ""Mf ""Mf ""Mf ""Mf ""Mf ""Mf ""Mf ""Mf hDVMr ""Mf < 0 ,. ., 6.' . 0 .00 .. .6 .. 319.62 68.55 WOO", "'''''" ASHLAND 661.$S , ." 163.06 241.87 76.79 125.48 1616.01 1),00 0.00 170,72 26.95 35.66 21.0$ 254.38 181(}.SS

ASHTABULA 603.78 201.06 213,05 447.31 10S:rl 211.26 1%2.17 129.74 43.84 222.24 201,80 131.20 300.78 1035.60 2881.77

A , , '" .5 .6 ,. AUGl,AIZE 281,01 2~.72 11.55 280.15 48.20 132,W 974,13 81.33 41.31 5. , 107.53 112.13 41.94 396,03 1370,16

. 2 ., 93.9 69.2 6. 1 .. ., , 3.

BROWN 0.00 473.58 221.95 191.73 39.84 1!}420 112728 0.00 0.110 29.89 0,00 4.59 1.04 35.52 1182.80

BUTl 0.00 17.48 100.71 334.76 197,95 254,62 1065.50 1.209.51 283.05 1144JJS 1104.59 702.01 12 .92 .1

CARROLL 0.00 0.00 306.as 126.16 47.18 107.52 588.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .00 0.00 0.00 50035

CHAMPAIGN 0,00 167.72 113.43 253.64 4431 142.95 722.11 0.00 0,00 76.51 24.96 14.78 48.24 164.49 88S.60

CLE (NT 0.00 325.08 55.85 428.85 24.80 286.74 1121 ,32 $88.72 101.0$ 602.60 547.8& 412.27 2 12 2982.76 4054.08

33$.14

COL AN' 0.00 265.65 2!l2,55 4!J6.66 151.69 '"

276,59 1392.54 0.00 154.88 278.59 204.84 306.22 125.08 1069.61 2462.15

COS OCTON 0.00 182.89 91.52 1 .00 139,28 04.78 757.45 O. 0.00 34.00 02 3M4 1 .03 214.99 '12.

CRIWllfORD 0.00 82,69 56.15 342" $$ 179.32 "'-" 0" ,.., 93.40 88,98 113.55 1.28 367.21 1064.6

CUYI<tlOGA '.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2614.66 875,31 4311.73 4701.14 1082.47 4741.60 28m.57 28333.57

DARKE 0.00 142.54 177.24 396,12 13'4,59 300,21 1151l.69 1l,00 $.41 55.19 41.19 29.77 12.28 168.911 1319.59

DEfIANCE 0,00 111.11 44.64 337.78 62.31l 182.73 738.58 003 0.00 132.15 119. 2. 5 30 .8 1 .03

A ARE .46 /142.70 .259.6 273. ". 279. 20 .11 8.15 582.118 " 2 .2 2

"" 1071.00 480.23 11!l.29 2$2.88 20,74 11a.62 2\)71.75 0.00 328.83 294.!l 119.!l7 1372$ 111.16 US 063.74

fAIR E 000 51 .2 1 2 - " ,. 2 6 .

" 11E , .35 1 6.61 157.85 10.93 70.19 90.0 1.23310 0.00' .00 44.19 61.53 2 .1 5.11 163. 14.21.

f 65. ,. ,. 1. , 456.1 ,11 210'3. " 58 . . 2 . 2 2

f N , .2 .44 371.01 42.46 1 .31l 1543.09 ". O. ." 12 1

GAl 12. 003 7.90 12,22 175.71 796.81 8.00 0 1 .41 .00 7 ,16 9.65 200'22

GEAUGA '" 273.44 183,08 557,(J$ 6.~ 81.$4 1101.76' O.on 16'3.39 341.11 225.16 19$,19 100.$9 1028.74 21311.50

.:;:~""F''''',r'i'~: 1 6.7:; 69.:;:; -150./flf

F."r7·'t..,'·~"'.··>~r·~.': ,:" .:...; ,:, I"," ») iT. ',Wi }~id";;:;i~it!z. )AtO" ·'·'hadz"'.k •.•• ~ECCT"(:EXi :9VR 'iIltli ':' ..... '

For PDF web based tables of 2005 DVMT by county see:

http://www.dot.state.oh.us/techservsite/availpro/Road %201nfor/KDVMTIvmt2005.pdf

Disclaimer by ODOT:

The above PDF web based tables contain the State of Ohio's adjusted county DVMT's

and road mileage for the years 1990 - 2005. Please be aware that the numbers are

estimates only. The factoring process used annual, estimated, and statewide ADT

(Average Daily Traffic) growth factors, derived from the output ofa limited number of

traffic counting stations around the state. Although the growth factors are available by

functional class, they are more reliable for major roads such as interstates or

expressways, which are relatively well-sampled, than for local roads or collectors. The

numbers also do no allow for periodic, large-scale functional reclassification actions

24
which reassign selected roads or road segments from one functional class to another.

The Ohio Department of Transportation therefore does not warrant the accuracy,

completeness, or reliability of these estimates for your research. We also do not

assume responsibility for any incorrectness that may occur.

4.3.3 VMT From Travel Demand Models (TOM)

Overview:

Travel demand forecast modeling is performed by the Ohio Metropolitan Planning

Organizations (MPOs) and ODOT for a multitude of purposes including the preparation

of regional emissions estimates. The ODOT Office of Technical Services' Modeling &

Forecasting Section recommends that Ohio's TDMs and ODOT's conformity analysis

methods be used to establish the roadway mobile source portion of Ohio's SIP budget

to assure consistent methods are used for transportation conformity analysis and

budgets. Therefore, ODOT provided both MPO regional TDM runs and statewide TDM

runs with associated data to OEPA and LADCO. The ODOT provided model run data

for years 2002, 2005, 2009, 2012, and 2018.

Data provided included loaded networks in both CSV format and GIS shape files, trip

end summaries, zone boundary GIS shape files, intra-zonal trip VMT estimates, and

VMT summaries for each of the loaded networks. Additional post processing data was

proVided including but not limited to metadata describing the loaded networks, Hourly

distribution by functional class, speed profiles, day of week I weekend / monthly car and

truck traffic profiles, 2009 & 2018 VMT RPO data sets, statewide VMT growth rates for

local traffic, and a 2005 VMT summary comparison spreadsheet. It should be noted

that among other things, the loaded TDM Networks contain distance and daily volumes

from which VMT is computed.

Network volumes are post processed to estimate VMT by hour of day. The hourly

volumes and capacity, posted speed limit, and type of roadway for each roadway

segment are then used to estimate average hourly speeds needed for MOBILE6 based

emissions estimates. Modeling by segment by hour of day in this way makes emissions

estimates more sensitive to the effects of roadway improvements. This allows

transportation planners to evaluate the relative emissions affect of improvements to

individual roadways as well as packages of improvements and the entire set of planned

roadway improvement projects air quality impacts of construction programs.

25
4.3.4 Speed Distribution Profiles

Overview:

ODOT provided speed distribution profiles to LADCO. A couple of different sets of

speed distribution profiles were provided to OEPA and LADCO for their use, a table of

space mean speeds by functional class for use with DVMTs and link group speed

curves for post processing travel demand model traffic forecasts. Both sets of speed

profiles are based on the same speed study conducted by ODOT. The speed study is

documented in "Statewide Travel Time Study, May 2001 by Greg Giaimo, Ohio

Department of Transportation". When OEPA asked for speeds for use with MOBILE6

for development of CERR, ODOT provided a set of speeds based on that statewide

travel time study. Those speeds are documented in a technical memorandum titled

"Estimation of Average Speed by Functional Class for MOBILE6 Runs" dated

5/27/2004. Readers should refer to those documents for the details. Here the contents

of the technical memo, Estimated Average Speed by Functional Class, are summarized.

Space Mean Speeds by Functional Class for Use with County Level DVMT, HPMS:

The memo states that the speeds which the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT)

had been using prior to that date, 2004, for air quality analysis estimates based on

County DVMT summaries, were developed by a former ODOT employee for addressing

the one (1) hour standards conformity rules established due to 1990 emissions

exceedances. No documentation was found in ODOT's files on the origin of these

average speed values or how they were estimated. In addition, EPA has requirements

for using latest planning assumptions for air quality conformity analyses. Therefore,

ODOT believed that it was in the state's best interest to use the most recent available

data to provide a new set of estimated average speeds consistent with those used for

urban area travel demand models which were under development at that time. The

memo contains comparisons of 2002 speed data obtained from traffic count equipment,

automatic traffic recorders (ATRs) which collect data continuously throughout the year.

It also contains comparisons of the new speeds with those used to address the one

hour standard Gebhart's. The graphs shown in figure 1, taken from the memo, illustrate

the comparisons. The first graph compares time mean speeds from the ATRs with

space mean speeds from ODOTs travel time study done in 2001and with the speeds

used for addressing the one hour standard.

26
-111-1990 Analysis

Speeds

2001 Speed Study

Figure 1 - Speed Comparison Graphs

Speeds Comparison

80.0 ,--------,---------, r-.--:-A-",-rag-e7Sp-ee-:d--' I

70.0 +-.:-

60.0

" 50.0 . Ql

40.0

lJ) 30.0 ~---

20.0

10.0

0.0

~" ~<o ~'O ,," "I>< 0 «.0 «.0 «.0 «.0 «.0 «.0

Functional Class

Speeds Comparison

100 ,--,-------,--------,

80 ~-------'---­

" 60

lJ) ! 40

20

o

Functional Class

--Average Speed

--Min. Avg Speed

Max. Avg. Speed

-*- Gebhardt's Speeds

--Spd Study Est

Speeds

---Spd Study Greg Est

The following caution statement was taken from the_Estimation of Average Speed by

Functional Class memo.

CAUTION: It should be noted that speeds on facilities falling in anyone of the federal

functional classifications vary greatly between roadways, between hour of the day, and

day of the week. So these provide only very rough estimates of speed and should be

used with caution. In addition, it is expected that these average statewide speeds are

higher than the average speeds in the non-attainment areas because the non27
attainment counties tend to be more populated and more congested. The document

"Highway Vehicle Speed Estimation Procedures For Use in Emission Inventories';

September 1991 by Earl Ruiter of Cambridge Systematics Inc. is referenced by EPA's

documented procedures for emission inventory preparation. This document suggests

post processing travel demand model traffic assignment results to estimate average

speeds.

Final space mean speeds that OOOT provided are summarized in the Table 1 below:

Table 4-3 Speed by Federal Functional Class

Functional Class 1990 Analysis 2001 Speed Study

Speeds Speeds

FC01 57.3 64.0

FC02 45.3 53.0

FC06 39.9 53.0

FC07 35.1 43.1

FC08 30.5 43.1

FC09 28.0 43.1

FC11 46.3 61.6

FC12 43.3 61.6

FC14 18.9 29.3

FC16 19.6 29.3

FC17 19.6 29.2

FC19 19.6 23.8

It was decided by mutual agreement among individuals within the OOOT Office of

Technical Services that these new space mean speed based average speed estimates

were reproducible and defensible since they are well documented and should therefore

be the speeds used with HPMS" VMT if any year 2002 emissions budget work is done

using only the county level VMT summaries discussed in section 5.3.2 Daily Vehicle

Miles Traveled (OVMT).

•• Note that HPMS VMT is a statewide VMT estimate and the county level OVMT

summaries are consistent with the HPMS VMT so the county level OVMT summaries

are loosely referred to as HPMS VMTs even though in fact they are not.

4.3.5 Link Group Speed Curves:

The OOOT Modeling &Forecasting Section recommends that Ohio's travel demand

forecasting models and OOOT's conformity analysis methods be used to establish the

roadway mobile source portion of Ohio's SIP budget for reasons already mentioned in

5.3.2 and to assure consistent methods are used for transportation conformity

demonstration analyses and bUdgets. Therefore, OOOT provided travel demand model

runs and the speed curves by link group that OOOT uses for the speed estimates within

28
the post processing of travel demand model runs for estimating regional emissions.

Table 2 shows these link group curves.

Table 4-4 Link Group Codes & Associated BPR Curves

Link Facility Free Flow Areatype a b

Group Type Speed

1 Freeway 75 Any 0.39 6.3

2 Freeway 70 Any 0.32 7.0

3 Freeway 65 Any 0.25 9.0

4 Freeway 60 Any 0.18 8.5

5 Freewav 55 Anv 0.10 10.0

6 Multi-Lane 60 Rural 0.09 6.0

7 Multi-Lane 55 Rural 0.08 6.0

8 Multi-Lane 50 Rural 0.07 6.0

9 Multi-Lane 45 Rural 0.07 6.0

10 2 Lane Anv Rural 0.34 4.0

10 Urban 50 Suburban 0.34 4.0

Street

11 Urban 50 Urban 0.74 5.0

Street

12 Urban 50 CBO 1.16 6.0

Street

13 Urban 40 Suburban 0.38 5.0

Street

14 Urban 40 Urban 0.70 5.0

Street

15 Urban 40 CBO 1.00 5.0

Street

16 Urban 35 Suburban 0.96 5.0

Street

17 Urban 35 Urban 1.00 5.0

Street

18 Urban 35 CBO 1.40 5.0

Street

19 Urban 30 Suburban 1.11 5.0

Street

20 Urban 30 Urban 1.20 5.0

Street

21 Urban 30 CBO 1.50 5.0

Street

Note: a and b are the BPR curve parameters for the equation

T=To{1 +a*(V/C)J\b]

29
More complete details about emissions modeling process employed by ODOT may be

found in ODOT documentations. The document titled "Congestion Management & Air

Quality Analysis (CMAQ) Program Documentation" dated December 2005 may be

obtained from the ODOT web site at www.dot.state.oh.us/urban/data/cmaq.doc

(Microsoft Word document)

4.4 Mobile6 Inputs:

The following table contains the inputs supplied to LADCO to process our mobile

inventory.

4.4.1 Ohio's 2005 MOBILE6 Inputs

The following tables are the result of a joint meeting between Ohio EPA, ODOT, and

MPOs from around the state. At that meeting Mobile6 inputs were discussed and

efforts were made to verify the sources of data inputs for Moble6. Dialogue has

continued between the parties.

For historical reference:

>>> Dave Moore <Dave.Moore1@dot.state.oh.us>4/10/20062:13 PM >>>

All,

An air quality coordination meeting has been scheduled for April 27, 2006 at 10:00 AM at ODOT Central

Office conference room GA. The primary purpose of this meeting is to discuss development of 2002

mobile source inventories for use in developing the Ohio 2007 8-Hour Ozone SIP Attainment

Demonstrations. See meeting agenda below. OEPA is working toward a June 15,2006 schedule for

submitting the 2002 inventories to US EPA.

A key component of the meeting will be to review and confirm the MOBILE6.2 input parameters, by Ohio

a/q area, for use in developing the 2002 mobile inventories. See draft template below. The Ohio MPO

travel demand models will be used to generate the 2002 VMT inputs to MOBILE. Thanks, DM

DM

30
IMPORTANT NOTICE: The following tables are not to be used for inventory purposes

as the data is subject to change. For the current input table, contact Ohio EPA, Division

of Air Pollution Control.

Table 4·5 Mobile Inputs

Cleveland-Akron 2005 Ozone M6.2 Inputs

Includes the following counties:

Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina, Portage, Summit

L..- ...;:;;State Programs

I Input

Stage II Refueling

Anti-tampering Programs

93/3/86/86

96/78/50/22222/21111111/1/12/098.112111112

11M Programs Yes

Exclude Ashtabula County - No 11M program

Program 1 2004 2050 2 TIO OBO 11M

Model Years 1 1996 2050

Vehicles 1 22222 21111111 1

Stringency 1 30.0

Compliance 1 98.0

Waiver Rates 1 1.0 1.0

Cutpoints

Exemption Age 1 25

Grace Period 1 4

NO TTC Credits

Effectiveness

OESCfile

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TTC Credits

Effectiveness

OESC file

Program

2 2004 2050 2 TIO EVAP OBO & GC

2 1996 2050

2 22222 11111111 1

2 98.0

2 1.0 1.0

2 25

2 4

3 2001 2003 2 TIO ASM 2525 PHASE-IN

31
Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESC file

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESC file

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TTC Credits

Effectiveness

DESC file

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESCfile

3 1996 2003

3 22222 21111111

3 30.0

3 98.0

3 3.0 1.0

3 25

3 2

4 2001 2050 2 TIO ASM 2525 PHASE-IN

4 1975 1995

422222211111111

4 30.0

498.0

4 3.0 1.0

4 25

4 4

5 1998 2000 2 TIO LOADEDIIDLE

5 1975 2000

5 22222 21111111 1

5 30.0

5 98.0

5 3.0 1.0

5 25

5 2

6 1996 1997 2 TIO IM240

6 1975 1997

622222211111111

6 30.0

6 98.0

6 3.0 1.0

6 CUTPOINT.D

6 25

6 2

32
Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TTC Credits

Effectiveness

DESCfile

Fuel Commands

Fuel Program

Oxygenated Fuels

Fuel RVP

7 1996 2050 2 T/O GC

7 1975 1995

7 22222 21111111

7 98.0

7 3.0 1.0

7 25

72

0.00 0.42 0.00 0.036 2

9

Alternative Emission Regulations and Control Measures

Rebuild Effects

Calendar Year

Evaluation Month

0.1

External Conditions Commands

2005

7

MiniMax Temperature Nationai Climatic Data Center

Vehicle Fleet Characteristic Commands

Registration Distribution Variable

33
ICincinnati-Dayton-Springfield 2005 Ozone M6.2 Inputs

Includes the following counties:

Ohio: Butler, Clark, Clermont, Clinton, Greene, Hamilton, Miami, Montgomery,

Warren

Indiana: Lawrenceburg Twp., Dearborn County

Kentucky: Boone, Campbell and Kenton counties

I Input

State Programs

Note: Indiana and Kentucky inputs may not coincide with Ohio inputs

Stage II Refueling 93/3/86/86

Anti-tampering Programs 96/78/05/22222/21111111/1/12/098.112111112

11M Programs Yes

Excludes Clinton Co. and Miami Co., OH, Dearborn County, IN • No 11M program

Note: 11M inputs for Kentucky counties are not included

Program 1 2004 2050 2 T/O OBD 11M

Model Years 1 1996 2050

Vehicles 1 22222 21111111 1

Stringency 1 30.0

Compliance 1 98.0

Waiver Rates 1 1.0 1.0

Cutpoints

Exemption Age 1 25

Grace Period 1 2

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESCfile

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESCfile

2 2004 2050 2 T/O EVAP OBD & GC

2 1996 2050

2 22222 11111111 1

2 98.0

2 1.0 1.0

2 25

2 2

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

3 2001 2003 2 T/O ASM 2525 PHASE-IN

3 1996 2003

3 22222 21111111 1

3 30.0

3 98.0

34
Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESC file

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TTC Credits

Effectiveness

DESCfile

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESCfile

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TIC Credits

Effectiveness

DESC file

Program

Model Years

Vehicles

3 3.0 1.0

3 25

3 2

4 2001 2050 2 TIO ASM 2525 PHASE-IN

4 1975 1995

422222 211111111

4 30.0

498.0

4 3.0 1.0

4 25

4 4

5 1998 2000 2 TIO LOADEDIIDLE

5 1975 2000

5 22222 21111111 1

5 30.0.

5 98.0

5 3.0 1.0

5 25

5 2

6 1996 1997 2 TIO IM240

6 1975 1997

622222 211111111

6 30.0

6 98.0

6 3.0 1.0

6 CUTPOINTD

6 25

6 2

7 1996 2050 2 TIO GC

7 1975 1995

7 22222 21111111 1

35
Stringency

Compliance

Waiver Rates

Cutpoints

Exemption Age

Grace Period

NO TTC Credits

Effectiveness

DESC file

Fuel Program

Oxygenated Fuels

Fuel RVP

7 98.0

7 3.0 1.0

7 25

7 2

Fuel Commands

0.00 0.42 0.00 0.036 2

9

Alternative Emission Regulations and Control Measures

Rebuild Effects

Calendar Year

Evaluation Month

0.1

External Conditions Commands

2005

7

MiniMax Temperature National Climatic Data Center

Vehicle Fleet Characteristic Commands

Registration Distribution Variable

36
Other Areas (excluding NOACAIAMATS and OKI/MVRPC) Ozone M6.2

Inputs

Includes the following counties:

Ohio: Belmont, Columbiana, Delaware, Fairfield, Franklin, Jefferson, Knox, Licking,

Lucas,Madison, Mahoning, Pickaway, Trumball, Wood

Fuel Commands

Input

Fuel Program

Oxygenated Fuels

Fuel RVP

1

0.00 0.42 0.00 0.036 2

9

Alternative Emission Regulations and Control Measures

Rebuild Effects 0.1 (0.30 for 2018)

Calendar Year

Evaluation Month

External Conditions Commands

All

7

MinIMax Temperature National Climatic Data Center

Registration

Distribution

Vehicle Fleet Characteristic Commands

Variable

4.5 Ohio's Mobile Emission Data Processed by LADCO (Lake Michigan Air

Director's Consortium):

2005 TDM and Mobile6 input data were provided to LADCO for processing. The data

was processed by LADCD with T3 to prepare it as an input into the ConCEPT model.

T3 and ConCEPT are described as follows.

37
4.5.1 T3--Development of Link-Level Mobile Source Emission Inventories:

Highly resolved emission inventories for on-road mobile sources are needed for air

quality modeling to develop the necessary technical support for new State

Implementation Plans (SIPs) for regional haze, fine particles, and ozone. Emissions for

on-road motor vehicles are estimated using vehicle miles traveled, trip starts and ends,

speed, and other activity data developed by State Agencies and Metropolitan Planning

Organizations (MPOs) using transportation demand models (TDMs), and emission

factors from EPA's MOBILE6 model. To support this modeling in the upper Midwest,

ENVIRON, working with LADCO, State DOTs, and local MPOs, has developed a

software tool (the TDM Transformation Tool, or "T3") that takes TDM output from

approximately twenty transportation networks using a variety of models, applies

appropriate data transformations, and outputs Iink- and county-level activity data in a

uniform format for input to the CONCEPT emissions processing model (a new

emissions processing model also developed with funding from LADCO). In a parallel

effort, analyses of extensive automatic traffic recorder (ATR) data collected by State

DOTs were conducted to develop temporal profiles (hour of day, day of week, and

month of year) of vehicle counts and vehicle mix by roadway type for developing the

detailed on-road emission inventories.

T3 provides a conduit from the projections of traffic demand modelers regarding vehicle

types, road networks, and vehicle activity to the activity data required by emissions

modelers. The primary goals of T3 are to provide an easy mechanism for incorporating

TDM model outputs in as "raw" a format as possible, while simultaneously providing a

great degree of flexibility in representing the TDM projections in terms acceptable to

most air quality models. These goals have been achieved through the use of a

dimensional transformation approach, where the dimensions of the various

transformations are user-defined - hence the name of the tool.

By Stella Shepard, Alison K. Pollack, John Haasbeek, ENVIRON International

Corporation, 101 Rowland Way, Suite 220, Novato, CA. 94945

& Mark Janssen, Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO), 2250 E. Devon

Avenue # 250, Des Plaines, IL 60018, janssen@ladco.org

4.5.2 ConCEPT--Consolidated Community Emissions Processing Tool an OpenSource Tool for the Emissions Modeling Community:

The new CONCEPT (CONsolidated Community Emissions Processing Tool)

Emissions Processor is now available for use by the emissions modeling community.

Developed as joint project between Alpine Geophysics, LLC and ENVIRON Corporation,

with Midwest RPO and joint RPO funding, the CONCEPT model combines the best

attributes of current emissions modeling systems into an open source model highlighting

the following features:

• Open Source. Written primarily in PostgreSQL, the software required for running

38
CONCEPT is in the public domain. The model itself is GNU Public License (GPL)

compliant and users are encouraged to make additions and enhancements to the

modeling system.

• Transparent. The database structure of the model makes the system easy to

understand, and the modeling codes themselves are extremely well documented to

encourage user participation in the customizing the system for specific modeling

requirements.

• Quality Control. The CONCEPT model structure and implementation allows for

multiple levels of QA analysis during every step of the emissions calculation process.

Using the database structures, an emissions modeler can easily trace a process or

facility and review the calculation procedures and assumptions for any emissions value.

The CONCEPT model includes modules for the major emissions source

categories: area source, point source, on-road motor vehicles, non-road motor vehicles

and biogenic emissions, as well as a number of supporting modules, including spatial

allocation factor development, speciation profile development, growth and control for

point and area sources, and CEM point source emissions handling. The emissions

modeling community has already begun development of additional CONCEPT support

modules including CEM preprocessing software, graphical QA tools, and an interface to

the traffic demand models for on-road motor vehicle emissions estimation.

By Cyndi Loomis, James G. Wilkinson, Alpine Geophysics, LLC, & John Haasbeek,

Alison Pollack, ENVIRON Corporation. & Mark Janssen, Lake Michigan Air Directors

Consortium (LADCO), 2250 E. Devon Avenue # 250, Des Plaines, IL 60018,

janssen@ladco.org

4.5.3 LADCO Ohio Data Outputs for 2005:

The following LADCO outputs and documents can be found at:

www.ladco.org/tech/emis/net05/index.html

Table 4·6 LADCO Data Output

i--r\. . - T-·-;!ff ~,,~! -.. ..... IM6·· .~'"' r:-- I"",,':"Jlii;~ T3 M6· vs I; IS • n: 0 u ant umm Tempo Veh ary

Sta Network Descripti Inpu HP ~hOUld 1551 ants Dropped Run Totals ary ral Mix (With

te DOC t MS atch on After VMT Summ (Sh rt (pol,ve S S I

on s Exc conformi s Sped ary 0 h, aumm aumm eO um

el ty Re ation )etype) ry ry /.

I \ \;nventory forI I I \ ~faci

J9_~JAK~()NI~K~N-~~~~~R()~_~rc_~~_ [= (=I~-- j:---Il cc_-rL_-[i~

39
Additional Documents on LADCO Web Page:

"Comparison to EPA's Default Model NMIM"

"How we Build the 2005 Vmt/Networks"

"Spreadsheet/Graphics on Vehicle Mix"

"Background on the T3 Tool"

4.6 MPO Contact Table

T ble 47. Ca ounty Summary TableofMPOs b Cy oumyt

FIPS County Model Network MPO Contact Person

39001 Adams Statewide

Lima Allen County Regional Tom Mazur

39003 Allen Statewide PlanninQ Commission

39005 Ashland Statewide

39007 Ashtabula Statewide

39009 Athens Statewide

39011 AUQlaize Statewide

Bel-a-Mar Regional Council Rakesh Sharma

and Interstate Planning

39013 Belmont StateWide Commission

39015 Brown Statewide

Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Andy Reser

CincinnatlDavton

Regional Council of

39017 Butler Governments

39019 Carroll Statewide

39021 ChampaiQn Statewide

Coordinating Committee of Eric Ottoson

39023 Clark Sorinafield the Clark Countv-SorinQfield

40
Transportation Study

Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Andy Reser

CincinnatlDavton

Regional Council of

39025 Clermont Governments

39027 Clinton Statewide

39029 Columbiana Statewide

39031 Coshocton Statewide

39033 Crawford Statewide

Northeast Ohio Areawide Bill Davis

39035 Cuyahoga Cleveland Coordinatina Aaencv

39037 Darke Statewide

39039 Defiance Statewide

Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Nick Gill

39041 Delaware Columbus Commission

39043 Erie Statewide

39045 Fairfield Statewide

39047 Favette Statewide

Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Nick Gill

39049 Franklin Columbus Commission

39051 Fulton Statewide

39053 Gallia Statewide

Northeast Ohio Areawide Bill Davis

39055 Geauaa Cleveland Coordinatina Agencv

Miami Valley Regional Ana Ramirez

39057 Greene Cincinnat/Davton Planning Commission

39059 Guernsey Statewide

Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Andy Reser

CincinnatlDavton

Regional Council of

39061 Hamilton Governments

39063 Hancock Statewide

39065 Hardin Statewide

39067 Harrison Statewide

39069 Henrv Statewide

39071 HiQhland Statewide

39073 Hocking Statewide

39075 Holmes Statewide

39077 Huron Statewide

39079 Jackson Statewide

Brooke-Hancock-Jefferson Mike Proprocki

Transportation Study Polley

39081 Jefferson Statewide Committee

39083 Knox Statewide

Northeast Ohio Areawide Bill Davis

39085 Lake Cleveland CoordinatinQ Agency

KYOVA Interstate Planning

39087 Lawrence Statewide Commission

Licking County Area Matthew Hill

39089 LickinQ Columbus Transportation Studv

39091 Logan Statewide

39093 Lorain Cleveland Northeast Ohio Areawide Bill Davis

41
Coordinating Agency

Toledo Metropolitah Area SUjatha Mohanakrishnan

39095 Lucas Toledo Council of Governments

39097 Madison Statewide

Eastgate Regional Council R.P. Samulka

39099 Mahoning Youngstown of Governments

39101 Marion Statewide

Northeast Ohio Areawide Bill Davis

39103 Medina Cleveland Coordinating Agency

39105 Meigs Statewide

39107 Mercer Statewide

Miami Valley Regional . Ana Ramirez

39109 Miami Cincinnat/Davton Planning Commission

39111 Monroe Statewide

Miami Valley Regional Ana Ramirez

39113 Montaomerv . Cincinnat/Davton Plannina Commission

39115 Morgan Statewide

39117 Morrow Statewide

39119 Muskingum Statewide

39121 Noble Statewide

39123 Ottawa Statewide

39125 Pauldina Statewide

39127 Perrv Statewide

39129 Pickaway Statewide

39131 Pike Statewide

Akron Metropolitan Area Jason Segedy

39133 Portage Akron Transportation Study

39135 Preble Statewide

39137 Putnam Statewide

Richland County Regional John Adams

39139 Richland Statewide Plannina Commission

39141 Ross Statewide

39143 Sanduskv Statewide

39145 Scioto Statewide

39147 Seneca Statewide

39149 Shelbv Statewide

Stark County Regional Dan Slicker

39151 Stark Canton Planning Commission

Akron Metropolitan Area Jason Segedy

39153 Summit Akron Transportation Studv

Youngstown (partial Eastgate Regional Council R.P. Samulka

county model of Governments

39155 Trumbull coverage) .

39157 Tuscarawas Statewide

39159 Union Statewide

39161 Van Wert Statewide

39163 Vinton Statewide

Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Andy Reser, OKI

CincinnatiDayton

Regional Council of

39165 Warren Governments +

42
+

Miami Valley Regional Ana Ramirez, MVRPC

Planning Commission

Wood-Washington-Wirt

Interstate Planning

39167 Washington Statewide Commission

39169 Wayne Statewide

39171 Williams Statewide

Toledo Metropolitan Area SUjatha Mohanakrishnan

39173 Wood Toledo Council of Governments

39175 Wvandot Statewide

NOTE: Complete MPO information can be found at,

www.dot.state.oh.us/urban/mpomap.htm and at

www.dot.state.oh.us/urban/mpolist.htm#Cleveland

SECTION 5

MARINE, AIRCRAFT and RAIL (MAR) SOURCES

MAR sources are non-road sources which are significant enough in terms of emissions

to be considered separately from the rest of the non-road sources. The MAR inventory

consists of commercial marines, aircraft and locomotive sources. The marine and

locomotive inventory is generated by Environ1 under contract with LADCO and the

aircraft inventory is generated by Ohio EPA.

5.1 Marine Vessel Sources

The approach to commercial marine emission estimates needed to be flexible because

the activity data was available in many formats. Emission estimates were determined

either by multiplying engine power, load factor, hours per year of operation, or on the

basis of the number of gallons of fuel consumed.

Emissions were determined for ten subclasses of vessel types: Deep draft vessels

(DDV) at port, DDV mid-late, push boats (rivers/lakes), tugs, ferries, other special

(excursion) vessels, support vessels, dredges, commercial fishing, and military vessels

(Coast Guard). These were linked to various Ohio lakes and rivers.

Because of the large variety of methodologies employed, inventory tables for the ten

subcategories are detailed in the complete inventory prepared and published by

ENVIRON International Corporation: LADCO 2005 COMMERCIAL MARINE

EMISSIONS, by Christian E. Lindhjem, March, 2007.

Emission totals produced by ENVIRON were proVided to LADCO to submit to EPA for

Ohio's State Implementation Plan (SIP).

43
5.2 Rail Sources

The primary activity unit used to determine emissions is gallons of fuel consumed.

Emission rates were derived from EPA documents provided as support documentation

for the 1997 locomotive emission standards (EPA, 1997). Gallons of fuel consumed

were based on rail activity.

Rail activity was broken down into four Source Category Codes (SCC). Class I, linehaul rail: Large interstate railroad companies like Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern.

Class I,ll, III, switching rail: Yard operations. Class II, III line haul: Regional and local

railroads. And Passenger rail: AMTRAK.

Class I, line-haul represents 84.3% of fuel used and the largest emission's category.

The complete emission's inventory was prepared and published by ENVIRON

International Corporation: LADCO 2005 LOCOMOTIVE EMISSIONS, by Christian E.

Lindhjem, February, 2007.

Emission totals produced by ENVIRON were provided to LADCO to submit to EPA for

Ohio's State Implementation Plan (SIP).

EPA. 1997: "Locomotive Emission Standards." Regulatory Support Document, United States

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources, April. And EPA 1997, Emission Factors for

Locomotives," Environmental Protection Agency, EPA420-F-97-051, December.

5.3 Aircraft Sources

INTRODUCTION:

The aircraft emission's inventory is derived by taking the number of Landings and

Take Offs (LTOs) per year and multiplying by an emission factor. In the Ohio inventory

when specific aircraft models and engine type emission factors are known they were

used. For the rest of the inventory the emission factors came from USEPA's fleet

average emissions data. Those results are then compiled as tons per year per pollutant

by county. The following describes the components, methodology, and concludes with

a description of an Access based aircraft emission calculator.

COMPONENTS:

I. Ohio Airports:

A list of both towered and non-towered airports in Ohio is obtained from the Ohio

Department of Transportation. See: www.dot.state.oh.us/aviation/ In conversation

with ODOT two individuals stated that the 164 airports listed covered over 90% of the

airports in Ohio. See Table 1.

44
II. Number of Operations/LTOs by Airport/County:

The ODOT list contained the number of operations a year per airport. An

operation is either a landing or a take-off. A Landing and Take Off (LTO) is required for

FAA EDMS calculations. LTOs were derived simply by dividing the number of

operations by two. These were totaled by county.

Table 5-1 Number of operations and LTOs for 2005

County Airoort Name ID Total Onerations LTOs/Year

Adams Alexander Salamon AMT 5210 2605

Allen Allen County AOH 32500 16250

Ashland Ashland County 3G4 49240 24620

Ashtabula Ashtabula County HZY 16886 8443

Ashtabula Gennack 7D9 840 420

Athens Ohio University UNl 51600 25800

Auglaize Neil Armstrong AXY 29456 14728

Belmont Barnesville-Bradfield 6G5 10150 5075

Belmont Alderman 2P7 6150 3075

Brown Brown County GEO 5157 2578.5

Butler Butler County RemonaJ HAO 61687 30843.5

Butler Hook Field Municipal MWO 40050 20025

Butler Miami University OXD 16708 8354

Carroll Carroll County ~Tolson TSO 34950 17475

Carroll Parsons 5D6 2674 1337

Chamnahm Grimes Field 174 23480 11740

Champaign Weller 381 300 150

Clark Springfield-Beckley Municipal SGH 64033 32016.5

Clark Mad River 154 15350 7675

Clennont Clennont County 169 35741 17870.5

Clinton Airborne Airnark ILN 52000 26000

Clinton Clinton Field 166 29360 14680

Clinton Hollister Field 2B6 161 80.5

Columbiana Columbiana County 02G 31146 15573

Columbiana Koons 8G8 2546 1273

Coshocton Richard Downing: 140 19550 9775

Coshocton Tri~City 80G 8085 4042.5

Crawford Port Bucyrus 17G 24871 12435.5

Crawford Galion Municipal GOO 5216 2608

Cuyahoga Burke Lakefront BKL 97100 48550

CuYaho.a Cleveland~Honkins Intemational CLE 234356 117178

Cuyahoga Cuyahoga County CGP 79774 39887

Darke Darke County YES 9238 4619

Defiance Defiance Memorial DFI 9130 4565

Delaware Delaware Municipal DLZ 39300 19650

Delaware Packer 5E9 3181 1590.5

Erie Hinde 88D 1350 675

Erie Kelleys L~land 89D 25495 12747.5

Erie Griffing~Sandusky SKY 112100 56050

45
Erie Wakeman 164 17324 8662

Fairfield Miller's Farm 7B4 360 180

Fairfield Fairfield County LHO 43066 21533

Favette Fayette County 123 29405 14702.5

Franklin Ohio State University OSU 134459 67229.5

Franklin Port Columbus International CMH 218438 109219

Franklin Rickenbacker International LCK 96200 48100

Franklin Bolton Field TZR 69149 34574.5

Franklin Columbus Southwest 041 11833 5916.5

Franklin DarbvDan 616 11260 5630

Fulton Fulton County USE 21123 10561.5

Gallia Ga1lia~Meigs Regional OAS 12200 6100

Geaue:a Gates 7D8 4200 2100

Geauga Geauga County 708 5350 2675

Greene Greene County Lewis A. Jackson 119 37400 18700

Greene Bloom 141 100 50

Guernsey Cambridge Municipal CD! 6040 3020

Hamilton Lunken LUK 129430 64715

Hamilton Blue Ash ISZ 35000 17500

Hamilton Cincinnati West 167 30197 15098.5

Hancock Bluffton 507 71980 35990

Hancock Findlav FDY 19800 9900

Hancock Priebe 7D5 3850 1925

Hardin Ada 0D7 331 165.5

Hardin Hardin County 195 6562 3281

Hardin Elliott's Landing 074 1560 780

Harrison Harrison County 806 11900 5950

Henry Henry County 7W5 15637 7818.5

Highland Highland County HOC 18325 9162.5

Holmes Holmes County 100 21400 10700

Huron Huron County 5Al 10100 5050

Huron Willard 801 2715 1357.5

Jackson James A. Rhodes 143 6053 3026.5

Jefferson Jefferson County Airpark 202 15969 7984.5

Jefferson Eddie Dew Memorial 108 3540 1770

Knox KnoxCountv 413 20150 10075

Knox WvnkOOD 604 4691 2345.5

Lake Concord Airoark 201 4510 2255

Lake WilloughbY Lost Nation Municipal LNN 45085 22542.5

Lawrence Lawrence County Airoark HTW 41910 20955

Licking Newark-Heath VTA 12457 6228.5

Logan Bellefontaine Regional ED! 8325 4162.5

Lorain Columbia 408 5150 2575

Lorain ElYria 101 14300 7150

Lorain Lagrange 92D 1155 577.5

Lorain Lorain County Regional LPR 62000 31000

Lorain Reader-Botsford Airfield 67D 18700 9350

Lucas Toledo Express TOL 94600 47300

46
Madison Madison County UYF 41410 20705

Mahoning Salem Airpark 38D 16920 8460

Mahoning Tn-City 306 10555 5277.5

Mahonine: Elser Metro 404 49232 24616

Mahoning Lansdowne 040 750 375

Marion Marion Municinal MNN 42650 21325

Medina Medina Municipal 105 79685 39842.5

Medina Wadsworth Municipal 303 41025 20512.5

Medina Weltzien Skvnark 150 79130 39565

Mercer Lakefield COA 16212 8106

Miami Hartzell Field 117 10200 5100

Miami Troy Skypark 371 4264 2132

Miami Waco Field lWF

0

0

Monroe Monroe County 405 3324 1662

Montgomery Brookville Air~Park 162 29359 14679.5

Montgomery James M. Cox Dayton IntI DAY 134524 67262

Montgomery Dayton Wright Brothers MOY 89045 44522.5

Montgomery Moraine Airoark 173 12938 6469

Montgomery Dahio Trotwood 144 1853 926.5

Montl!omerv Philliosbul'o 317 68000 34000

Morg;an Morgan County 171 5725 2862.5

Morrow Morrow County 419 19108 9554

MuskinRUm Zanesville MuniciDal ZZV 33312 16656

Muskingum Parr 421 16150 8075

Noble Noble County- Mike Brienza Field 110 5950 2975

Ottawa Middle Bass-East Point 3W9 1300 650

Ottawa Middle Bass Island 3T7 6500 3250

Ottawa North Bass Island 3X5 1000 500

Ottawa Carl R. Keller Field PCW 20890 10445

Ottawa Put-In~Bav 3W2 15140 7570

Paulding Paulding 2H8 2100 1050

Perry Crooksville 184 400 200

PelTY Perry County 186 4550 2275

Pickaway Pickaway County CYO 35450 17725

Pickawav Clarks Dream Strin 031 2770 1385

Pike Pike County EOP 2012 1006

Portage Freedom Air Field 7D6 1623 811.5

Portage Farview 86D 3353 1676.5

Portage Mills 7E3 1050 525

Portage Portage County 290 9621 4810.5

Putnam Ruhe's R47 13250 6625

Putnam Putnam County OWX 11910 5955

Putnam Ohio Dusting Co. 6C2 2995 1497.5

Richland Mansfield Lahm Regional MFD 57518 28759

Richland Shelby Community 120 2012 1006

Ross Ross County RZT 50150 25075

SanduskY Fremont 140 37450 18725

Sandusky Sandusky County Regional S24 6148 3074

47
Scioto Greater Portsmouth Relrional PMH 45830 22915

Seneca Bandit Field 5D9 140 70

Seneca Fostoria Metronolitan FZI 7900 3950

Seneca Weiker 82D 320 160

Seneca Seneca County 160 60165 30082.5

Shelby SidneY Municipal 112 20500 10250

Stark Barber 2DI 13750 6875

Stark Miller AiTDort 403 8000 4000

Stark Beach City 2D7 6112 3056

Summit Akron Fulton International AKR 26000 13000

Summit Akron-Canton Regional CAK 120441 60220.5

Summit Mayfield ID4 450 225

Summit Kent State University 103 72500 36250

Trumbull Braceville 41N 425 212.5

Trumbull Warren 62D 14738 7369

Trumbull YoungstoWIl-Warren Regional YNO 98298 49149

Tuscarawas Hany Clever Field PHO 54880 27440

Union Union County MRT 31886 15943

Van Wert Van Wert County VNW 20516 10258

Vinton Vinton Countv 221 5225 2612.5

Warren Warren County 168 24951 12475.5

Warren Red Stewart Airfield 401 16800 8400

Wavne Wavne County BJJ 96520 48260

Williams Williams Countv 006 10010 5005

Wood Wood County 1G0 27405 13702.5

Wood Bordner 308 2200 1100

Wood Deshler Municipal 607 2000 1000

Wood Metcalf TDZ 90700 45350

Wyandot Wyandot County 56D 7410 3705

III. Aircraft Models and Number of LTO/yr:

Specific aircraft models by airport (generally the larger airports) is obtained from "Table

7" provided by the United States Department of Transportation, Office of Airline

Information. This provided the number of LTO's for each aircraft model per year per

airport.

Table 2. Sample from "Table 7." This is the all community total of aircraft models for

the Akron/Canton area. "All SeNice" departures were used as the number of LTOs per

year for that model. Listed in the original table are aircraft model by airport and number

of seNices/LTOs.

48
TOTAL DEPARTURES PERFORMD

Aircraft Scheduled Non-Sched All

Model Service Service Service

A-318 1 1

A319 384 384

BOEING 717-200 3850 3850

BOEING 727-100 1 1

BOEING 727-200 5 5

BOEING 737-100/200 74 74

BOEING 737-200C 3 3 6

BOEING 737-300 2 2

BOEING 737-700/LR 212 212

BOEING 737-800 5 5

BOEING 757-200 4 4

BOEING 767-300/ER 4 4

CANADAIR RJ-I00/ER 542 3 545

CANADAIR RJ-700 2881 2881

CONVAIR CV-580 3 3

DASSAULT FALCON 7 7

DHC8-100 DASH 8 2 2

DOUGLAS DC-9-15F 13 13

DOUGLAS DC-9-30 6 6

EMBRAER-145 144 144

RJ-200ER/RJ-440 5519 5519

SAAB-FAIRCHD 340/B 1804 1804

ALL TYPES 15342 130 15472

IV. Emission Factors:

Where there was specific aircraft model data the emission factors were derived

using the FAA's Emission Dispersion Modeling System (EDMS). EDMS is a combined

emissions and dispersion model for assessing air quality at civilian airports and military

air bases. The model was developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in

cooperation with the United States Air Force (USAF). The model is used to produce an

inventory of emissions generated by sources on and around the airport or air base, and

to calculate pollutant concentrations in these environments.

49
Table 5·2 EDMS Aircraft Emissions

Emissions provided by Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. (The few

aircraft in Ohio not included in the table had emissions derived by EDMS 5.0 in-house.)

EDMS Aircraft Emissions/LTO by Aircraft Type

EDMS 4.5 Emissions inventory Report of 2005 Aircraft Inventory Emissions Factors

FFi' ii iiii:;Xi ; iLJiiifffiitt~<1 ;x ii}<X X «,irr<:;ii!i iFiii!!i/!,id.;X;

iXi'.Ai~g~~if~ii~!i!M;i 'co! !N6f! iF 'Hci i\i'6ci XiisoZiX XidPMZ;S dddPM16},

A-318 19.8 18.7 4.0 4.4 1.5 0.0 0.0

A-300-600/R1CFIRCF 27.1 56.4 2.0 2.2 4.0 0.2 0.2

A-300B/(yF-I00/200 30.2 52.5 3.5 3.7 3.3 0.2 0.2

A-310-200C/F 32.6 52.5 7.3 79 3.3 0.2 0.2

A-319 19.8 18.7 4.0 4.4 1.5 0.0 0.0

A320-100/200 13.7 19.8 1.3 1.3 1.8 0.2 0.2

A-321 16.8 36.8 3.1 3.3 2.2 0.0 0.0

A-330-200 29.8 61.5 0.4 0.4 4.4 0.2 0.2

AVROLlNER RJ85 24.7 9.5 2.9 3.3 1.3 0.2 0.2

BAE-146-300 24.7 9.0 3.1 3.3 1.3 0.2 0.2

BEECH 1900 AIB/C 11.0 1.1 3.3 3.5 0.2 0.0 0.0

BEECH KlNGAIR C90 1.8 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

717-200 11.7 23.4 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0

727-100 21.4 23.1 4.6 5.1 2.9 0.4 0.4

727-100C/QC 44.5 19.8 4.6 5.1 2.4 1.1 1.1

727-200 19.6 27.3 2.9 3.1 3.3 1.1 1.1

737-100/200 14.1 16.1 2.2 2.4 2.0 0.7 0.7

737-200C 13.9 17.4 6.8 7.5 2.0 0.9 0.9

737-300 28.7 15.9 1.8 2.0 1.8 0.0 0.0

737-400 26.5 18.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 0.0 0.0

737-500 24.7 21.2 1.3 1.3 2.0 0.0 0.0

737-7001LR 17.6 20.1 2.0 2.0 1.8 0.4 0.4

737-800 15.7 27.1 1.5 1.8 2.0 0.7 0.7

737-900 15.7 27.1 1.5 1.8 2.0 0.7 0.7

747-100 252.6 108.5 106.7 116.8 7.1 0.4 0.4

747-200/300 60.6 104.7 7.1 7.7 6.8 0.7 0.7

747-400 67.0 105.6 5.7 6.4 7.3 0.7 0.7

757-200 24.7 35.7 2.0 2.2 2.6 0.4 0.4

757-300 27.1 33.1 0.4 0.4 3.1 0.2 0.2

767-200/ER 32.6 52.5 7.3 7.9 3.3 0.2 0.2

767-300/ER 32.0 62.2 2.6 2.9 4.0 0.4 0.4

777 32.8 85.1 5.1 5.7 4.4 0.4 0.4

CANADAIR RJ100/ER 16.3 4.9 1.5 1.8 0.7 0.0 0.0

CANADAffi RJ-700 12.6 9.3 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0

CESSNA 208 1.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

CONVAffiCV-580 36.2 0.9 8.8 9-5 0.7 0.0 0.0

DASSAULT FALCON 13.7 2-6 2.4 2.6 0.2 0.0 0.0

DHC8-100 DASH 8 5.1 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0

DORNIER 328 JET 1.3 6.6 11.9 12.6 0.7 0.0 0.0

DOUGLAS DC-I0-I0 102.5 76.7 38.6 42.1 4.2 0.0 0.0

DOUGLAS DC-IO-30 45.4 78.7 5.3 5.7 5.1 0.4 0.4

50
DOUGLAS DC-IO-40 131.8 81.8 30.2 33.1 6.0 0.7 0.7

DOUGLAS DC-8-63 263.5 25.6 219.1 239.9 4.2 5.1 5.1

DOUGLAS DC-8-71 53.6 34.6 3.1 3.3 3.7 0.0 0.0

DOUGLAS DC-8-73 53.6 34.6 3.1 3.3 3.7 0.0 0.0

DOUGLAS DC-9-10 14.1 14.6 3.7 4.0 1.8 0.2 0.2

DOUGLAS DC-9-15F 14.1 14.6 3.7 4.0 1.8 0.2 0.2

DOUGLAS DC-9-30 14.1 14.6 3.7 4.0 1.8 0.2 0.2

DOUGLAS DC-9-40 39.7 16.5 10.8 11.9 2.0 1.3 1.3

DOUGLAS DC-9-50 12.6 20.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 0.9 0.9

EMBRAER-135 12.8 5.5 1.1 1.3 0.7 0.0 0.0

EMBRAER-140 13.7 6.0 1.3 1.3 0.7 0.0 0.0

EMBRAER-145 6.4 6.8 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.0 0.0

EMBRAER-170 9.0 9.7 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0

F28-4000/6000 76.7 10.4 77.2 84.4 1.5 0.0 0.0

JETSTREAM 41 4.6 2.0 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0

1.-1011011100/200 33.3 112.0 6.2 6.8 5.7 1.3 1.3

LEAR-25 75.2 0.7 7.9 8.4 0.2 0.0 0.0

LOCKHEED 1.100-30 48.7 9.9 19.6 21.4 1.8 0.0 0.0

MD-1I 47.8 93.3 4.0 4.4 6.0 0.7 0.7

MD M 80,1 2,3,7,8 16.3 20.3 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.2 0.2

M1J..90 12.1 23.8 0.2 0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2

RJ-200ERlRJ-440 16.3 4.9 1.5 1.8 0.7 0.0 0.0

SAAB-FAlRCRD 340/B 4.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.2 0.0 0.0

NOTE: Where specific aircraft model data was not available fleet emissions were used.

EPA default fleet average emission factors were taken from "Documentation for Aircraft,

Commercial Marine Vessel, ,Locomotive, and Other Non-road Components of the

National Emissions Inventory. 2005, see Appendix A, Aircraft Emission Estimation

Methodology." Specific model LTOs were subtracted from county LTO totals to

eliminate double counting those LTOs.

Table 5-3 Fleet Emission Factor Categories

Fleet emission factors were broken down into three categories. Itinerant General, Local

General, and Military.

Table 5-3a Fleet Average Emission Factors for Itinerant General Aircraft.

(Taken from' Table A·5)

Pollutant Emission Factors (lbs/LTO)

HC 1.234

NOx 0.158

CO 28.13

SOx O.ol5

PM10 0.60333

Note: Air taxi HC emissions * VOC/HC (0.9914) conversion factor = air taxi VOC estimate

51
Table 5-3b Fleet Average Emission Factors for Local General Aircraft.

(Taken From· Table A-l1)

Pollutant Emission Factors (lbs/LTO)

HC 0.394

NOx 0.065

CO 12.014

SOx 0.01

PM10 0.2367

Note: GA HC emissions * VOC/HC(0.9708) conversion factor = GA VOC estimate

Table 5·3c Fleet Average Emission Factors for Military Aircraft.

(Taken from: Table A-17)

Pollutant Emission Factors (lbs/LTO

HC 1.234

NOx 0.158

CO 28.13

SOx 0.015

PMIO 0.60333

Note: Military HC emissions * VOC/HC(1.1046) conversion factor = Military VOC estimate

METHODOLOGY

Introduction

The following information was considered in the development of emission estimates:

1. Commercial scheduled and non-scheduled aircraft air carrier activity and

commercial air freight activity by aircraft model types,

2. General aviation and air taxi annual local and itinerant operations for year 2005,

3. Military annual local and itinerant operations for year 2005.

Due to the need to have aircraft operations information expressed as landing/take off

(LTO) cycles, the following assumptions were made:

1. For commercial aircraft and commercial air freight activity, the number of annual

aircraft annual LTO cycles was assumed to be equal to the number of

52
departures. The daily LTO cycle frequency was then obtained by dividing the

yearly LTO cycles by 365.

2. For general aircraft annual local and itinerant airport operations, each respective

operations total was divided by 2 to obtain the corresponding year local and

itinerant LTO cycles. The expected daily local and itinerant LTO cycles then

were obtained by dividing these annual totals by 365.

3. For military annual local and itinerant operations, each respective operations total

was divided by 2 to obtain the corresponding year local and itinerant LTO cycles.

The expected military daily local and itinerant LTO cycles then were obtained by

dividing these annual totals by 365.

Airport LTO cycles were further categorized into commercial aircraft by plane and

engine type, general aviation itinerant aircraft of unknown aircraft type, general aviation

local aircraft of unknown aircraft type, and military aircraft. This was necessary in order

to utilize the U.S. Department ofTransportation, Federal Aviation Administration EDMS

Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System. Commercial and air freight aircraft

emission factors per LTO cycle were determined using EDMS for each commercial

aircraft type models where possible were used at each towered airport. Default

commercial aircraft engine type, and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) default

time in mode values for takeoff, approach, and landing roll times were used in the

EDMS model simulations.

For those aircraft types that could not be determined using the EDMS emissions model,

aircraft emission factors based upon EPA alternative fleet average procedures were

then used to estimate their emissions. These included general aviation and air taxi

itinerant aircraft of unknown aircraft type, general aviation local aircraft of unknown

aircraft type, and military aircraft. Conversion from total hydrocarbons to volatile organic

compounds was performed and based upon the EPA guidance.

APPROACH

1. A list of more than 90% of the airports was obtained from the Ohio Department of

Transportation. These were classed by airport, county, aircraft flight classification, and

the total number of operations per year.

2. The number of operations (a landing or a take off) were then divided by two giving

the number of LTOs per year per airport. These airports were combined by county for

the total number of LTOs per year, per county.

3. In dialog with ODOT it was determined that the following Ohio flight groups of aircraft

be combined to match the three categories used by the USEPA in calculating

emissions.

53
Itinerant (General, air carrier, commuter, air taxi, general aviation itinerant)

Local (General aviation local)

Military (Military)

4. LTOs for specific models of aircraft per airport were taken from the FAA Table 7.

See Table 2 above. These were then combined to give the number of LTOs per aircraft

model per county. Specific model LTOs were subtracted from county totals to avoid

double counting those LTOs.

5. Emission factors were determined from the FAA's EDMS program for specific aircraft

model and engine type. See IV. Emission factors above. The aircraft emission table

provided by Michigan has the emission factors for most of the aircraft flown in Ohio. .

Where specific aircraft model data was not available USEPA average fleet emissions

were used.

6. Emission factors times LTOs by county yielded tons per year per county.

Table 5-4 Pollutant by County (Sample)

County

ADAMS

ADAMS

ADAMS

ADAMS

ADAMS

ADAMS

ADAMS

ALLEN

ALLEN

ALLEN

ALLEN

ALLEN

ALLEN

ALLEN

ASHLAND

ASHLAND

ASHLAND

ASHLAND

ASHLAND

ASHLAND

ASHLAND

ASHTABULA

ASHTABULA

ASHTABULA

POLLUTANT

CO

HC

NOX

PM1O-PRl

PM25-PRl

SOX

VOC

CO

HC

NOX

PMIO-PRl

PM25-PRl

SOX

VOC

CO

HC

NOX

PMIO-PRl

PM25-PRl

SOX

VOC

CO

HC

NOX

ACTIVITY(LTOSIYEAR)

2605

2605

2605

2605

2605

2605

2605

16250

16250

16250

16250

16250

16250

16250

24620

24620

24620

24620

24620

24620

24620

8863

8863

8863

ACTIVITY(LTOSIDAY)

7.136986

7.136986

7.136986

7.136986

7.136986

7.136986

7.136986

44.52055

44.52055

44.52055

44.52055

44.52055

44.52055

44.52055

67.45205

67.45205

67.45205

67.45205

67.45205

67.45205

67.45205

24.28219

24.28219

24.28219

EMISSIONS(TONIYEAR)

24.552325

0.977285

0.136045

0.513114825

o

0.0157875

0.96314234

147.945065

5.841097

0.827189

3.081191265

o

0.0984575

5.769568254

173.67794

6.19414

0.94895

3.532515

o

0.1311

6.07175247

78.115087

3.042551

0.431593

54
ASHTABULA PM1O-PRI 8863 24.28219 1.623493455

ASHTABULA PM25-PRI 8863 24.28219 0

ASHTABULA SOX 8863 24.28219 0.0520325

ASHTABULA voe 8863 24.28219 2.99420213

ATHENS CO 25800 70.68493 196.874985

ATHENS He 25800 70.68493 7.267183

ATHENS NOX 25800 70.68493 1.081521

ATHENS PMI0-PRI 25800 70.68493 4.037266335

ATHENS PM25-PRI 25800 70.68493 0

ATHENS SOX 25800 70.68493 0.1420925

ATHENS voe 25800 70.68493 7.128180006

7. Emissions were then summed by pollutants in each county by SCC aircraft category

type so data could be provided to LADCO in the EPA prescribed NEI - NIF format.

DATA ERROR

The first aircraft emission inventory submitted to LADCO in April, 2007 contained an

error. The inventory submitted in May, 2007 has the error corrected. The error was the.

result of a carry-over function in Access that picked up the number of operations as

instead of LTOs....which made the inventory exactly twice as large as what it really was.

ACCESS CALCULATOR

Introduction:

Our database programmer set up Access application to calculate Ohio's aircraft

emission inventory, and export those results to Excel. His utility allows for easy

modification of the aircraft data to match future data scenarios. Output to Excel also

allows for additional data manipulation and importation.

55
GotoData:

HoViro USe:',

Interface:

H!!I:ElIE( 'gcit,,"!liew ~ow ,,~

.C---- 31 ""~. ., 6 Z M I'" iii 'l1!.liI-!A.·,,,·I· ·1 ~'.

I ·!1lOl '!iii' <!ij Gil ::' I m" Ii!ll " I I~j xli ''i' '§ \? 1 I" f>t IIlli'1ii:l lim '!I'O •

NUt<

11lIi5t."II"!'~N."',,,10-,.: I ",EXPORT ItiD""""" I "'UPOAT..,11!lI"',,~ ..,IBf)JMOai,..,BI'J!IMATN,•• I:J I!il ii!I @l0 If!! I'iKNIl!ll!J IJ(ll54' '''''M

Through this interface the following sets of data can be edited/updated: Airport activity,

emission factors, specific airport emissions, state/county FIPS, detailed aircraft

information, airport information, and aircraft SCCs. Once the final emissions have been

calculated and summed, then the data can be export via the export function on the Main

Menu.

56
IJ '

Appendix C-1 ...

Mobile Source Emissions

Invenlo~ for the Wbeeling

PM2~5 Nonattainment Area
BELOMAR REGIONAL COUNCIL

Transportation Air Quality Analysis and Technical Documentation

State Implementation Plan Inventory Mobile Emission Estimates

For the U.S. EPA Daily PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

Submitted: September 2011

Prepared By:

Bel-O-Mar Regional Council

105 Bridge Street Plaza

Wheeling, WV 26003

www.belomar.org

'[f@'+§!"gwiiH

Ohio Department of Transportation

1980 West Broad Street

Columbus, OH 43223

http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Planning/SPR/

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

~lUll 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction Page 3

On Road Mobile Emission Summary Page 3

Latest Planning Assumptions Page 6

Land Use Data Page 6

Travel Modeling Page 8

Emission Factor Generation Page 8

Temperature and Relative Humidity Page 10

Ramp Fraction Page 10

Source Type Population Page 11

Vehicle Age Distribution Page 12

Road Type Distribution Page 13

Post Processing Page 14

Appendix A - Interagency Consultation Documentation

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Belomar Region On-Road Mobile Emissions by State and County (2005 & 2008) Page 4

Table 2 Belomar Region On-Road Mobile Emissions by State and County (2015 & 2022) Page 5

Table 3 Belomar Region Land Use Data Used for Traffic Forecasting Page 6

Table 4 MOVES Inputs Page 9

Table 5 Average Temperature and Relative Humidity Data Page 10

Table 6 Source Type Population for Year 2005 Page 11

Table 7 Vehicle Age Distribution for Belmont County, OH (2005) Page 12

Table 8 Road Type Distribution for Ohio-Marshall-Belmont Non-Attainment Area Page 13

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Non-Attainment Area Boundary Page 3

Figure 2 Geographic Area Covered by Travel Demand Model and Traffic Zone Structure Page 7

SELECTED ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS

DOT - Department ofTransportation EPA - Environmental Protection Agency

FHWA - Federal Highway Administration; FTA - Federal Transit Administration;

LRTP - Long Range Transportation Plan MOBlLE6 - Mobile Source Emission Factor Model

MOU - Memorandum ofUnderstanding MPO - Metropolitan Planning Organization

MVEB - Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standard

NOx - Nitrogen Oxides

PM2.5 - Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns (often referred to as Fine

Particulate Matter)

PMlO - Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns

SIP - State Implementation Plan

TAZs - Traffic Analysis Zones

TDM - Travel Demand Model

VMT - Vehicle Miles ofTravel

TIP - Transportation Improvement Program

TCM - Transportation Control Measure

TIP - Transportation Improvement Program

VOC - Volatile Organic Compounds

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard mml 2
INTRODUCTION

This memorandum documents the air quality analyses and underlying planning assumptions performed

by the Ohio Department ofTransportation (ODOT), Division ofTransportation System DevelopmentModeling and Forecasting Section and the Belomar Regional Council for the Annual PM2.5 on-road mobile

source emission inventories for the Wheeling-Bridgeport WV/OH Metropolitan area State hnplementation Plan

(SIP) in coordination with the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) and West Virginia Department of

Environmental Protection (WVDEP). The Belomar Region is comprised ofthe counties ofOhio and Marshall in

the north panhandle ofWest Virginia and Belmont in east-central Ohio. On January 5, 2005, the USEPA

designated all three counties as non-attainment for the PM2.5 air quality standard. The designation became

effective on AprilS, 2005; 90 days after USEPA published action in the Federal Registry. Figure I displays the

geographic extent ofthe Belomar region non-attainment area.

·~···.·:Nt'W

Vnmlnban

,

j

L..

LEGEND

o Donut (New Deslgn.e.tlon)

(J:;J rt"ovel Demond Model Areo V

EJ 8-Ht" Non-At~lnment Areo

JJ'(lM~urg

Figure 1

NON-ATTAINMENT AREA BOUNDARY

IIrmwor.g•. ~,;I<

ON ROAD MOBILE EMISSION SUMMARY

Tables 1 and 2 present a sununary ofthe pollutant emissions including Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx modeled for each county that make up the Belomar Region. The Model Years for the

demonstration includes the Base Year 2005, Attainment Year 2008, Interim Year 2015, and Maintenance Year

2022.

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 3
Table I

BELOMAR REGION ON-ROAD MOBILE EMISSIONS BY STATE AND COUNTY (2005 & 2008)

MOBilE AIR QUAUTY

ANALYSIS FOR THE

WHEEUNG METRO AREA

,BELMONT

COUNTY

'OHIO

OHIO

COUNTY

WV

'MARSHAll

'COUNTY ,WV

TOTALS

METRO

AREA

TOTALS

YEAR 2005 NETWORK VMT

YEAR 200S INTRA20NAl VMT

YEAR TOTAL VMT

YEAR 2005 VEHICLES

2,350,331 1,176,894 670,974

100,301 40,422' 46,756'

2,460,632 ... 1,217,316, 717,730'

78,850 36,912 23,102

1,847,868 4,208,199

87,178 187,479 -.,·-.·'',..------.·.----------.--.-i

1,935,046 4,395,678

60,014 138,864

INTRAZONAl EMISSIONS:

NETWORK EMISSIONS:

(TONSjVEAR!

'VEHI':LE-BASE[') EMiSSioNS:

(TONS/YEAR!

TOTAL EMISSIONS:

(TONSjVEAR!

NOX

PM 2.5

NOX

PM 2.5

NOX

S02

PM 2.5

NOX

S02

PM 2.5

2663.73

28.87

90.26'

126.58

1.50

5.44

389.20

0.47

10.04

3179.52

30.84

105.74

1013.61

14.67

35.15

36.35

0.62!

1.75

179.73;

0.26!

3.56 1

1229.69' .

15.55!

40.46 1

578.27

8.47'

21.64'

45.19

0.69:

2.04

111.76'

0.15!

2.68

735.22

9.31,

26.37

1591.87

23.14

56.79

81.54

1.31

3.80

291.49

0.40

6.24

1964.90

24.86'

66.83

4255.61,

52.01

147.06

208.12

2.81

9.23

680.69

0.88

16.28

5144.42

55.70

172.57

YEAR 2008 NETWORK VMT

YEAR 20081NTRAZONAlVMT

YEAR 2008 TOTALVMT

YEAR 2008 VEHICLES

2,379,195: 1,468,085 : 689,233 :

96,206 40,264 43,412

2,475,401 ... 1,508,349 732,645

79,365 37,164 23,259

2,157,318, 4,536,513,

83,676' 179,882 1

.,..., .. _-------.--,..

2,240,994: 4,716,395,

50,423' 139,788 '

fTONS(YEARI

NETWORK EMISSIONS:

(TONS/YEAR!

TOTAL EMISSIONS:

(TONS/YEAR)

INTRAZONAl EMISSIONS:

3468.45

16.39

123.48

157.83

0.80

7.23

645.14

0.58

13.43

4271.41

17.78

144.14

1348.31'

7.77

47.52'

6lJAi

0.37

2.74

269.11

0.26'

5.22

1677.83

8.40:

55.48'

439.86:

2.56,

16.32:

31.32 1

0.18'

1.42 1

103.11!

0.11'

2.01:

574.29;

2.85:

19.75'

908.45'

5.22:

31.21!

29.091,

0.18'

1.31

166.00

0.15

3.21

1103.54

5.55'

35.73'

2120.14'

8.61

75.96'

97.42!

0.44'

4.49

376.02

0.33

8.21:

2593.58

9.38

88.66'

NOX

S02

'PM2.5

'NOX

S02

(TONSjVEAR! PM 2.5

VEHICLE-BASED EMISSIONS: NOX

S02

PM 2.5

NOX

S02

PM 2.5

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 4
Table 2

BELOMAR REGION ON-ROAD MOBILE EMISSIONS BY STATE AND COUNTY (2015 & 2022)

MOBILE AIR QUALITY BELMONT OHIO MARSHAll METRO

ANALYSIS FOR THE :COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY WV AREA

WHEELING METRO AREA OHIO WV WV TOTALS TOTALS

YEAR 2015 NETWORK VMT 2,448,253 1,572,503 722,761 2,295,264 4,743,517

YEAR 2015INTRAZONAl VMT 89,049 40,218 38,480 78,698 167,747

YEAR 2015 TOTALVMT .. 2,537,302. 1,612,721 761,241 2,373,962 4,911,264

YEAR 2015 VEHICLES 80,653 37,680 23,582 61,262 141,915

NETWORK EMISSIONS: NOX 976.56 375.29 176.81 552.10' 1528.66

'S02 6.10 3.83 1.86 5.69 11.79

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 38.00 15.66 7.92 23.58 61.58

INTRAZONAl EMISSIONS: NOX 40.44 10.99 10.48 21.46 61.90

S02 0.29 0.15 0.11 0.26 0.55

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 2.15 0.66 0.58 1.24 3.39

VEHICLE-BASED EMISSIONS: NOX 262.25, 100.01 61.83 161.84 424.09

S02 0.33 0.15 0.11 0.26 0.58

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 4.93 1.97 1.24 3.21 8.14

TOTAL EMISSIONS: NOX 1279.25 486.29 249.11 735.40 2014.65

S02 6.72 4.12 2.08 6.21 12.92

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 45.08 18.29 9.75 28.03 73.11

YEAR 2022 NETWORK VMT 2,514,213 1,700,074 752,735 2,452,809 4,967,022

YEAR 20221NTRAZONAl VMT 85,605 45,660 34,536 80,196 165,801

YEAR 2022 TOTAL VMT 2,599,818 1,745,734 787,271 .. 2,533,005 . 5,132,823

YEAR 2022 VEHiClES 81,957 39,152 23,102 62,254 144,211

NETWORK EMISSIONS: NOX 423.51 202.28 90.41 292.69 716.20

S02 5.66 3.69 1.72 5.40 11.06

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 21.50 10.99 5.58 16.57 38.07

INTRAZONAl EM ISSIONS: NOX 16.24 6.02 4.56 10.59 26.83

S02 0.26 0.11 0.11 0.22 0.47

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 1.17 0.47 0.37 0.84 2.01

VEHICLE-BASED EMISSIONS: NOX 147.86 62.63 36.17 98.81 246.67

S02 0.29 0.15 0.07 0.22 0.51

(TONS/YEAR) PM 2.5 3.65 1.57 0.91 2.48 6.13

TOTAL EMISSIONS: NOX 587.61 270.94 131.14 402.08 989.70

S02 6.21 3.94 1.90 5.84 12.05

.LLQl'\!SfYEARI PM 2.5 26.32 13.03 6.86 19.89 49,21.

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

~01 5
LATEST PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS

The annual PM2.5 inventory runs meet the latest planning assumption requirement. This report presents the latest

population and land use data available that calibrated the modeling process used to calculate the vehicle emissions

for the mobile emissions budgets as well as the input values for U.S. EPA's most recent emissions software

(MOVES) for this attainment demonstration. A series of conference calls held during the winter of 20I0/2011 by

the Interagency Consultancy Group established two parameters. First, that this re-designation effort will require

the use ofMOVES software for all mobile source emission analyses and second, the annual emission estimates

will be based a single-season approach.

LAND USE DATA:

Travel analysis zones (269 in the 3-county area) and external roadway "stations" (31) are the basic geographic

units for estimating travel patterns. Socioeconomic data used to forecast these patterns shown in Table 3 include

household population, school enrollment, vehicle registrations, labor force participation, and employment by

category and location. Sources for year 2000 data include the 2000 Census (primarily SFI block data), state

vehicle registration files, and QCEWIES202 employment data. All data sources were geocoded to the zone level.

Future year data for each variable were projected tbrough various methods. More detailed explanation ofbase

year and future year data generation for each ofthe above-mentioned categories ofplanning data follows. Figure

2 displays the zones boundaries in the region.

Table 3

BELOMAR REGION LAND USE DATA USED FOR TRAFFIC FORECASTING

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA: YEAR: 2000' 2035

RETAIL EMPLOYEES (SIC 52-59):

DOWNTOWN

MAJOR MALLS (OHIO VALLEY)

OTHER

SERVICElGOVT. EMPLOYEES (SIC 60-99):

,PRIVATE SCHOOLS K-12:

PUBLIC ELEMIMID SCHOOLS:

PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS:

POST SEC.ITECH COLLEGES

DTOWNIGOVTIMEDIMAJOR SITES (>50 EMP):

OTHER:

OTHER EMPLOYEES (SIC 01-51):

AGIMININGJCONST. (SIC 1-19)

MANUFACTITCPU (SIC 20-49)

TRUCK TRANSPORTATION (SIC 42)

,WHOLESALE TRADE (SIC 50-51)

TOTAL DWELLING UNITS:

VEHICLES PER DU:

PERSONS PER DU:

WORKFORCE PER DU:

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PER DU:

615 689

3,335 5,020

12,798 15,312

374 374

2,161 2,161

806 806

1,083 1,083

21,094 42,291

19,012 13,925

7,757 5,910

8,774 8,289

589' 1,511

3,547 3,980

68,740 72,628

1.64 1.77

2.21 2.11

1.02 1.02

0.47 0.45

For most future-year socio-economic data, Belomar staff uses county level projections as prepared by Woods and

Poole. Allocations of county-level totals by zone are documented in the BOMTS report "BOMTS Traffic Zone

Data for 2025" with modifications since the date ofthe report, based on plans submitted for major land

developments (such as Cabela's, Center Wheeling, and properties near the Ohio Valley Mall). Woods and

Poole's employment projections at the county level are used as control totals for developing TAZ level

employment by service, retail and manufacturing. The Woods and Poole's projection at county level is

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

~ml 6
disaggregated from a national level employment projection. The national projection is developed using an export

base approach. Regional differences are considered before county level employment is disaggregated. In

assigning employment to zones, it is assumed that new sites with developed infrastructure will have a larger share

offuture employment. Given the topography ofthe region, it is assumed generally that new development will

mostly occur in one east-west travel corridor (I-70/US40) and one north-south corridor (Ohio Route 7 and

US2501WV Route 2 along the Ohio River). In Belmont County, however, additional development is expected

along SR331 and in areas surrounding the urban core. Due to a scarcity of developable land in Ohio County,

development will occur on sites that are generally flat and can be adequately serviced. In addition, over time,

generally flat land in the valley will selectively go through planned land use changes to optimize economic

development.

Figure 2

GEOGRAPIDC AREA COVERED BY TRAVEL MODEL AND TRAFFIC ZONE STRUCTURE

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 7
TRAVEL MODELING:

A travel demand model (TDM) is the traditional forecasting tool used to examine potential changes in

future travel patterns. The road networks within them include all planned federal-aid projects as well as any

regionally significant projects found in the TIP and LRTP expected to be open for traffic by the end of each

respective analysis year. All projects identified in the LRTP having an impact on travel time and/or vehicle

carrying capacity regardless offunding source were included in the air quality analysis. Trip generation figures

by zone, with some exceptions, are assumed to change linearly with time between 2000 and the Plan Horizon year

of2035.

The Wheeling area travel demand model network covers about 1500 miles ofstreets and highways in the 3-county

area including all collector and arterial streets, and has been validated to observed traffic for year 2000. Land use

data comes from the Census, ES202 employment reporting, and local vehicle registrations. A trip generation

model was borrowed from another urban area and adjusted as needed for local land use data. The hourly

distribution oftrips by trip purpose and direction are constrained to match the hourly distribution oftraffic counts.

Trip distribution also begins with a trip-length distribution by purpose borrowed from another urban area and

adjusted to ensure modeled VMT matched HPMS estimates ofVMT within 1% in the model base year of2000.

(Home-based work trips were separately constrained to a target average value based on the 2000 Census.)

The 3-county major street network used in the modeling was developed from the local planning agency's digital

street network (originating from the U.S. Geological Survey). The modeling software program utilizes hourly

saturation flow rates that are calculated based on road inventory data, roadway type, and the 2000 version ofthe

Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). Coded speeds by street segment are a function ofroad type and posted speed

limits and are based on the Ohio statewide travel time study conducted in 2000 (available on the web at

http://www.dot.state.oh.us/urbanldata/statewid/report.doc ) using the "run time" version ofspeeds without

intersection delays. The model software program internally estimates additional travel times for vehicles that stop

for traffic control (stop signs and red lights) based on HCM methods and modeled traffic patterns. The traffic

assignment RMS (root mean square) error meets FHWA!ODOT standards for all specified volume groups.

Overall modeled VMT for 2000 was less than 1% different than HPMS estimated VMT. Freeways (federal

functional class codes 1, 11, and 12) were within 2% of estimated VMT.

The interagency consultation process, as previously discussed, established the following model years for Ohio and

Marshall counties, WV and Belmont County, OH that reflected the most recent correspondence from the U.S.

EPA:

Analysis Year 2005 - Baseline Emissions

Analysis Year 2015 - Interim Year

Analysis Year 2008 - Attainment Year

Analysis Year 2022 - Maintenance Year

EMISSION FACTOR GENERATION

The MOVES model generated the emission factor files were for base year-2005 and attainment year-2008

representing the transportation improvement programs implemented in the Belomar Region. The model also

generated emission factors for two future year scenarios 2015 and 2022.

Table 4 summarizes the settings used in the MOVES run specification file and the MOVES County-Data

Manager. The subsequent tables provide the specific inputs that are not using the MOVES default values.

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 8
Table 4 - MOVES Inputs

RunSpec Parameter Settings

MOVES Version 2010/08/26

Scale Custom Domain

MOVES Modeling Technique Emission Factor Method

Rates per Distance, Rates per Vehicle

Time Span Time Aggregation: Hour

1 Month representing average annual temperatures

All hours of day selected

16 speed bins, Weekdavs only

Geographic Bounds Belmont OH, Ohio WV, Marshall WV counties

Vehicles/Equipment All source types, gasoline and diesel

Road Type All road types including off-network

Pollutants and Processes NOx, All PMz.5 categories, SOz, Total Energy Consumption

Strategies None

General Output Units = grams, joules and miles

Output Emissions Time = hour, Location = custom area, on-road emission rates by road

type and source use type.

County Data Manager Sources

Source Type Population Combination oflocal and default data

Local data (Ohio and West Virginia) from motor vehicle registration

Default data used for source types 51, 52, 53, 61, and 62

Future year growth rate based on MPO model Household growth rate.

Vehicle Type VMT Combination oflocal and default data

HPMSVTypeYear VMT = daily VMT from travel demand model

monthVMTFraction = default

dayVMTFraction=default

hourVMTFraction=local

IIMProgram None

Fuel Formulation Default

Fuel Supply Default

Meteorology Data Local data obtained from NOAA National Climatic Data Center. Data

will consist ofmonthly high and low temperatures and daily relative

humidity for 2002.

Ramp Fraction Using the base year travel demand model for VHT fractions.

Road Type Distribution Use ODOT and WV Division ofHighways county summary VMT

categorized by federal functional classes

Age Distribution Combination oflocal and default data.

Local data (Ohio and West Virginia) from motor vehicle registration

Default data used for source types 41, 42, 43,51,52,53,61, and 62

The same age distribution will be used for all analysis years

Average Speed Distribution Default

Alternative Fuel Type Default -

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport. WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 9
TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY

The single season approach for temperature and relative humidity uses weather data collected by the National

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The data used in this

report, taken from the Wheeling Airport collection center, is representative of 12 months in 2009. Data entered

into a spreadsheet provided by U.S. EPA converted the Mobile6 to get the correct data for the MOVES model.

Table 5 below contains the average annual hourly temperatures and relative humidity distribution profiles used for

the Belomar region.

TableS

AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY DATA

Time of Day Average Temperature Average Relative Humidity (%)

Midnight 47.2 79.7

lAM 46.1 67.1

2AM 45.2 80.7

3AM 44.6 82.9

4AM 44.1 83.8

5AM 43.6 84.1

6AM 43.1 82.6

7AM 43.5 79.6

8AM 45.9 74.8

9AM 49.6 70.1

lOAM 53.5 65.7

llAM 56.8 62.0

12PM 59.7 59.8

lPM 61.3 58.2

2PM 61.9 57.4

3PM 62.0 57.3

4PM 61.6 58.3

5PM 60.5 61.2

6PM 58.6 65.3

7PM 56.2 69.2

8PM 53.7 66.1

9PM 51.6 74.3

10 PM 50.1 75.7

11 PM 48.6 78.1

RAMP FRACTION

The Vehicles Hour ofTravel (VHT) fractions from the travel demand model were used to derive the Ramp

Fraction values needed for the MOVES model procedures (approximately 4% in Belmont county Ohio, 8% in

Ohio county West Virginia, and 3% in Marshall county West Virginia).

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

MUll 10
SOURCE TYPE POPULATION

A combination oflocal and MOVES default data is the Source Type Population for vehicle classifications. The

MOVES default values provided the data for vehicle Source Types 51, 52, 53, 61, and 62 while local data from

Ohio and West Virginia motor vehicle registrations accounted for all other Source Type Populations needed to

run the MOVES model. Table 6 shows the Source Type Population identifications, the corresponding Source

Type Name, and the number of vehicles analyzed for Belmont County, OR and Ohio/Marshall County, WV

combined.

Table 6

SOURCE TYPE POPULATION FOR YEAR 2005

year Source Type Belmont # Marshall co # Ohio co#

2005 11 MotorCycle 4724 937 1149

2005 21 Passenger Car 48706 9650 178S2

2005 31 Passenger Truck 22592 9946 14061

2005 32 Light Commercial Truck 602 1755 2285

2005 41 Intercity Bus 58 5 16

2005 42 Transit Bus 2 3 9

2005 43 School Bus 127 99 51

2005 51 Refuse truck 35 8 14

2005 52 Single Unit Short-haul Truck 14 461 818

2005 53 Single Unit Long-haul Truck 55 53 93

2005 54 Motor Home 165 21 48

2005 61 Combination Short-haul Truck 786 78 245

2005 62 Combination Long-haul Truck 984 86 272

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 11
VEmCLE AGE DISTRIBUTION

A grouping of data from Ohio and West Virginia sources along with the MOVES model defaults make up the

Vehicle Age Distribution. MOVES default values included Vehicle Type ID 41, 42,51,52,53,61, and 62. Local

data from Ohio and West Virginia motor vehicle registrations accounted for all other Vehicle Type ID. Table 7

shows a sample Vehicle Age Distribution By Source Type for Belmont County, OH in 2005.

Table 7

VEmCLE AGE DISTRIBUTION BY SOURCE TYPE FOR BELMONT COUNTY, omo IN 2005

vearid aqeid 11 21 31 32 41 42 43 51 52 53 54 61 62

2005 0 0.003 0.004 0.006 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.023 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.011

2005 1 0.025 0.020 0.022 0.028 0.053 0.000 0.031 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.018 0.012 0.033

2005 2 0.052 0.033 0.047 0.069 0.026 0.000 0.047 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.033 0.024 0.018

2005 3 0.068 0.039 0.051 0.066 0.026 0.000 0.055 0.286 0.286 0.286 0.039 0.028 0.096

2005 4 0.085 0.042 0.061 0.068 0.316 0.000 0.047 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.030 0.037 0.079

2005 5 0.083 0.048 0.076 0.025 0.079 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.037 0.049 0.064

2005 6 0.068 0.047 0.066 0.015 0.053 0.000 0.063 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.041 0.047 0.030

2005 7 0.079 0.048 0.065 0.045 0.000 0.000 0.070 0.214 0.214 0.214 0.028 0.047 0.038

2005 8 0.064 0.057 0.068 0.048 0.079 0.000 0.070 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.033 0.043 0.033

2005 9 0.051 0.054 0.056 0.035 0.053 0.000 0.070 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.034 0.043 0.052

2005 10 0.042 0.062 0.063 0.069 0.026 0.000 0.063 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.043 0.057 0.085

2005 11 0.032 0.060 0.056 0.041 0.105 0.000 0.086 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.043 0.051 0.083

2005 12 0.027 0.056 0.054 0.055 0.053 0.000 0.141 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.035 0.045 0.080

2005 13 0.020 0.055 0.045 0.030 0.000 0.000 0.078 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.024 0.045 0.041

2005 14 0.020 0.050 0.041 0.031 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.020 0.038 0.053

2005 15 0.014 0.051 0.048 0.055 0.026 0.000 0.047 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.032 0.048 0.053

2005 16 0.015 0.043 0.043 0.040 0.000 0.500 0.000 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.027 0.051 0.027

2005 17 0.012 0.038 0.031 0.028 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.025 0.035 0.011

2005 18 0.012 0.034 0.020 0.036 0.026 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.028 0.030 0.029

2005 19 0.009 0.031 0.017 0.031 0.000 0.500 0.031 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.033 0.005

2005 20 0.007 0.022 0.013 0.028 0.026 0.000 0.000 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.014 0.028 0.006

2005 21 0.008 0.019 0.012 0.025 0.000 0.000 0.023 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.029 0.029 0.017

2005 22 0.006 0.015 0.009 0.033 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.024 0.032 0.015

2005 23 0.010 0.010 0.008 0.018 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.025 0.021 0.015

2005 24 0.018 0.007 0.006 0.018 0.027 0.000 0.008 0.072 0.072 0.072 0.024 0.023 0.005

2005 25 0.019 0.006 0.005 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.022 0.016 0.006

2005 26 0.014 0.006 0.004 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.022 0.014 0.008

2005 27 0.016 0.002 0.002 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.017 0.008 0.003

2005 28 0.017 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.026 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.007 0.000

2005 29 0.018 0.002 0.001 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.014 0.007 0.000

2005 30 0.088 0.038 0.006 0.014 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.201 0.054 0.006

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport. WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

~ml 12
ROAD TYPE DISTRIBUTION

The ODOT and WV Division of Highway county summary Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) data categorized by

federal functional class for the three county non-attaimnent areas is the basis for Road Type Distribution Fraction.

Table 8 illustrates Road Type Distribution.

Table 8

ROAD TYPE DISTRIBUTION FOR THE BELOMAR REGION

sourceTvpelD roadTvpelD roadTvpeVMTFraction sourceTvpelD roadTvpelD roadTvpeVMTFraction

11 1 0 51 1 0

11 2 0.25 51 2 0.25

11 3 0.24 51 3 0.24

11 4 0.18 51 4 0.18

11 5 0.33 51 5 0.33

21 1 0 52 1 0

21 2 0.25 52 2 0.25

21 3 0.24 52 3 0.24

21 4 0.18 52 4 0.18

21 5 0.33 52 5 0.33

31 1 0 53 1 0

31 2 0.25 53 2 0.25

31 3 0.24 53 3 0.24

31 4 0.18 53 4 0.18

31 5 0.33 53 5 0.33

32 1 0 54 1 0

32 2 0.25 54 2 0.25

32 3 0.24 54 3 0.24

32 4 0.18 54 4 0.18

32 5 0.33 54 5 0.33

41 1 0 61 1 0

41 2 0.25 61 2 0.25

41 3 0.24 61 3 0.24

41 4 0.18 61 4 0.18

41 5 0.33 61 5 0.33

42 1 0 62 1 0

42 2 0.25 62 2 0.25

42 3 0.24 62 3 0.24

42 4 0.18 62 4 0.18

42 5 0.33 62 5 0.33

43 1 0 roadTvoelD roadDesc

43 2 0.25 2 Rural Restricted Access

Rural Unrestricted

43 3 0.24 3 Access

43 4 0.18 4 Urban Restricted Access

Urban Unrestricted

43 5 0.33 5 Access

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 13
POST PROCESSING

Several custom programs created by ODOT staff were used to compute the total emissions. The process uses data

on daily and directional traffic distributions as well as more up to date volume/delay functions from the 2000

Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). This process also uses rewritten code able to handle the newer model network

formats and MOVES generated emission factors.

The first step in the process involves running postcms.exe to calculate hourly link volumes based on the

percentage ofthe daily volume (travel demand model output) determined by a link's facility and area type. The

analysis does not use the link speeds from the travel demand model. Using a link's volumeto- capacity ratio and

link group code, a post-process to the model based on HCM methods estimates the link speeds. The second step

(mmoves.exe) uses a combination ofthe MOVES emission factors and the hourly link volumes that are output of

the postcms.exe program. The hourly volumes multiplied by the MOVES emission factor for the corresponding

hour ofday, speed bin, and road type; calculate emissions for every network link for each hour. The final link on

road vehicle emissions for the area is the sum ofall individual link-hour emissions. The third step, (vehcalm.exe),

calculates vehicle-based emissions for each source type for each hour ofthe day. A combination oflocal and

default data is the source for the vehicle source type. The final vehicle emissions for each county are the sum of

all individual hourly emissions for all vehicle types. Since the intrazonal trips are not loaded onto the network, the

fourth step in the process requires a separate method to account for those trips that use local roads to travel within

a zone. The intracalm.exe program uses intrazonal trips to estimate VMT using the area in square miles and

intrazonal trips ofeach zone. The computer program assumes that the zone is circular and uses the radius ofthe

circle as the average trip length for these intrazonal trips. By combining MOVES generated emissions with

estimated intrazonal VMT, the intrazonal emissions are then calculated. The emission rates are the same as those

used to calculate link based emissions. The final step is to summarize link, vehicle, and intrazonal emissions for

each county, pollutant, and analyzed year.

More details are provided at

http://www.dot.state.oh.uslDivisions/PlanningiSPRlModeIForecastingUnitiDocuments/cmaqr3.PDF

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

Mml M
APPENDIX A

INTERAGENCY CONSULTATION DOCUMENTATION

Transportation Air Quality Analysis And Technical Documentation Wheeling-Bridgeport, WV-OH

For the U.S. EPA 1997 Annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard

8/11/11 15
Appendix D-1

.LADCO Technical Support

Document (Version IV, April . . . . .. ,

'25, 2008, FINAL)

. (available at .

http://www.ladco.org/reports/general/)
,

'. Ap.pendix 0-2. .

LAOCO Technical Support

. Document (Supplement,

Without CAIR Modeling,

September 12, 2008, FINAL)

(available at .

http://www.ladco.org/reports/generall) .
Appendix E-1

Public Notice

./
,.

Public Notice

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency

Redesignation and Maintenance Plan for the Ohio Portion ofthe

Wheeling, WV-OH

Annual PM2.5 Nonattainment Area

Belmont County, Ohio

Notice is hereby given that the Director of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency

(Ohio EPA) is requesting that the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.

EPA) revise the current air quality designation for the Ohio portion (Belmont County) of

the Wheeling, WV-OH area, to attainment with respect to the 1997 annual PM2.5

national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). Air quality monitoring data collected

between 2008 and 2010 in the region demonstrate attainment of the NAAQS and there

is evidence that the improved air quality is due to permanent, enforceable emission

reductions. In addition, existing requirements are sufficient to maintain the 1997 annual

PM2.5 standard in this area at least ten years into the future.

Computer models show that existing state and federal emission reduction requirements

are sufficient to attain and maintain the NAAQS in the Wheeling area. Therefore, Ohio

EPA proposes to utilize existing emission inventory information and projections of future

emissions as the demonstration of the ability to maintain the NAAQS in the Wheeling

area in the future.

The Wheeling area is currently designated as nonattainment for the 1997 annual PM2.5

standard. As part of an acceptable maintenance plan, Ohio EPA has developed, as

required, a contingency plan to provide for additional emission reductions if a violation

of the NAAQS is monitored after the area has been redesignated.

The State of Ohio proposes to:

1. Request the U.S. EPA redesignate the Ohio portion of the Wheeling, WV-OH

area to attainment with respect to the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS and revise the

maintenance plan. This request will document that existing enforceable control

measures are responsible for the observed improvement in air quality.

2. Designate existing controls as sufficient to maintain the NAAQS into the future.

3. Commit to the proposed contingency plan.

These actions must be noticed to allow public comment and to satisfy USEPA

requirements for public involvement in SIP-related activities. This notice addresses

Ohio EPA's reliance on the emission projections as evidence of attainment and

maintenance and the commitment to institute contingency measures if ambient

exceedances or violations trigger the contingency plan requirements. Written comments
will be received on or before April 5, 2012 at the following address:

.-

E-mail: erica.fetty@epa.state.oh.us

Mailing address: Erica Fetty

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, DAPC

Lazarus Government Center

P.O. Box 1049

Columbus, Ohio 43216-1049

Phone: (614)644-2310

Pursuant to Section 119.03 of the Ohio Revised Code, a public hearing on this

redesignation request will be conducted as follows: April 5, 2012 at 3:00PM, at Martins

Ferry Library, 20 James Wright Place, Martins Ferry, OH 43935.

All interested persons are entitled to attend or be represented at the hearing and give

written or oral comments on these changes. All oral comments presented at the

hearing, and all written statements submitted at the hearing or to the above address by

the close of business on April 5, 2012 will be considered by Ohio EPA prior to final

action on this redesignation. Written statements submitted after April 5, 2012 may be

considered as time and circumstances permit, but will not be part of the official record

of the hearing.

This redesignation and maintenance request is available on Ohio EPA, DAPC's web

page for electronic downloading. The URL is:

http://www.epa.ohio.gov/dapc/SIP/annual.aspx. Questions regarding accessing the web

site should be directed to Arunee Niamlarb at 614-728-1342; other questions or

comments about this document should be directed to Erica Fetty at (614) 644-2310,

Erica.Fetty@epa.state.oh.us or mailed to Erica Fetty at the above address.
App~ndix E-2

Public Comments and Public .

HearingTranscript .
BEFORE THE OHIO EPA

IN RE:

Redesignation Particulate Matter 2.5:

SLeabellville Area

\1JY\e.e.\\ '\'I~

Public Hearing before Moderator Mary

McCarron, taken at the Martins Ferry Library, 20

James Wright Place, Martins Ferry, Ohio, at 3:00

p.m. on April 5, 2012.
1 P-R-O-C-E-E-D-I-N-G-S

2 MODERATOR McCARRON: Today's date is

2

3 April 5, 2012. My name is Mary McCarron. I will

4 be presfding over today's public hearing.

5 The purpose of the hearing·tadayis to

6 obtain comments from any interested person

7 regarding Ohio EPA's proposed action.

8 The state of Ohio plans to ask U.s. EPA

9 to officially recognize the air quality in

10 Belmont County meets the 1997 federal fine

11 particulate standard. Belmont County is part of

12 the Wheeling, West Virginia metropolitan area for

13 air quality purposes.

14 Ohio's proposed redesignation request

15 only affects Belmont County. West Virginia would

16 need to submit a separate request to U.s. EPA to

17 redesignate counties in its state associated with

18 the area.

19 Comments can be submitted until the

20 close of business today, April 5, 2012. All

21 interested persons are entitled to attend, be

22 represented, and to present oral and/or written

23 comments concerning the proposed action. All

24 written and oral comments received as part of the
3

1 official record will be considered by the

2 director of Ohio EPA before a final decision is

3 made.

4 At this time there is nobody present to

5 provide testimony, so we will go off the record

6 until 3:30.

7

8

(Break taken until 3:30 p.m.)

MODERATOR McCARRON: The time is now

9 3:30 p.m., and no one has come to provide

10 testimony. So we will adjourn this hearing.

11 * * *

12 (Thereupon, the hearing was adjourned at

13 3:30 p.m., on April 5, 2012.)

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24
1

2

3 STATE OF OHIO

C E R T I FIe ATE

SS:

4

4 COUNTY OF FRANKLIN

5 I, Jennifer L. Parish, Registered

6 Professional Reporter, do hereby certify that the

7 foregoing is a true, correct, and complete

8 transcription of the above-mentioned audiotaped

9 public hearing before the Ohio Environmental

10 Protection Agency to the best of my ability.

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

DATED this 16th day of April, 2012.

JENNIFER L. PARISH, RPR

NOTARY PUBLIC-STATE OF OHIO

18 My Commission Expires: November 23, 2012.

19

20

21

22

23

24