United States Office of Solid Waste EPA 550­B­00­001

Environmental Protection and March 2009

Agency Emergency Response www.epa.gov/emergencies

RISK MANAGEMENT

PROGRAM GUIDANCE

FOR

PROPANE STORAGE

FACILITIES

(40 CFR PART 68)

Office of Emergency Management

This document provides guidance to owners and operators of stationary sources to determine if their 

processes are subject to regulation under section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act and 40 CFR part 68 and to 

comply with regulations. This document does not substitute for EPA’s regulations, nor is it a regulation 

itself. Thus, it cannot impose legally binding requirements on EPA, states, or the regulated community, 

and may not apply to a particular situation based upon circumstances. This guidance does not represent 

final agency action, and EPA may change it in the future, as appropriate. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

INTRODUCTION	 1
 

Am I Covered? 1
 

What Do I Have To Do? 2
 

PROGRAM 1	 5
 

Eligibility 5
 

What Must I Do For A Program 1 Process? 6
 

PROGRAM 3	 9
 

What Must I Do For A Program 3 Process? 9
 

What Are The Release Scenarios? 9
 

What Do I Have To Do For The Prevention Program? 10
 

What Do I Have To Do For The Emergency Response Program? 15
 

What Do I Have To Do For My RMP? 15
 

SAMPLE RMP FOR PROGRAM 1 STORAGE FACILITY	 17
 

SAMPLE RMP FOR PROGRAM 3 STORAGE FACILITY	 23
 

APPENDIX A:	 HOW DO I DETERMINE IF MY SEPARATE (NONINTERCONNECTED) PROPANE TANKS ARE CO-LOCATED 

APPENDIX B:	 RELEASE CALCULATIONS 

APPENDIX C:	 CHECKLISTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS 

Process Safety Information 

Propane Storage Facility Checklist 

Operating Procedure Requirements 

Maintenance Training 

Maintenance Inspection Checklist and Tests for Propane Storage Facilities 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 1: Typical Water Capacity of Propane Tanks, Transports, and Railroad Tank Cars 

Table 2: Distance to a 1 PSI Overpressure 

Table 3: Distances to 1 PSI for Pipe Releases 

Table 4: Ways to Comply with Some Prevention Elements 

TABLE OF POTENTIALLY REGULATED ENTITIES
 

This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers 

regarding entities likely to be regulated under 40 CFR part 68. This table lists 

the types of entities that EPA is now aware could potentially be regulated by this 

rule and covered by this document. Other types of entities not listed in this table 

could also be affected. To determine whether your facility is covered by the risk 

management program rules in part 68, you should carefully examine the 

applicability criteria discussed in Chapter 1 of this guidance and in 40 CFR 

68.10. If you have questions regarding the applicability of this rule to a 

particular entity, call the EPCRA/CAA Hotline at (800) 424-9346 (TDD: (800) 

553-7672). 

Category NAICS 

Codes 

SIC 

Codes 

Examples of Potentially Regulated 

Entities 

Propane 

manufacturers and 

processors 

32411 

32511 

2911 

2865 

2869 

Petroleum refineries 

Petrochemical Manufacturers 

Propane wholesalers 42271 

42272 

5171 

5172 

Bulk stations and terminals 

Other petroleum product wholesalers 

INTRODUCTION
 

This guidance is intended for propane storage facilities, such as wholesale distribution facilities and bulk 

storage terminals. This document is a revision of EPA’s October 1998 guidance for propane storage 

facilities. The document has been revised to reflect changes resulting from the 1999 Chemical Safety 

Information, Site Security and Fuels Regulatory Relief Act. 

If you have more than 10,000 pounds of propane stored in a single vessel or in a group of vessels (tanks, 

cylinders) that are connected or stored close together, you may need to comply with the Chemical 

Accident Prevention rule issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Clean 

Air Act. The rule is codified as part 68 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). The goal 

of this rule is to prevent accidental releases that could affect the public or the environment. If you are 

subject to part 68 for propane storage, you must be in compliance no later than January 5, 2000, or the 

date on which you first have more than a threshold quantity of a regulated substance in a process, 

whichever is later. 

If you have more than 10,000 pounds of propane, you are subject to part 68 unless one of the following 

applies to you: 

J The propane is stored for use as a fuel at your facility. 

J The propane is held for sale, and the facility is a retail facility. A retail facility is one at which 

more than half of the income is obtained from direct sales to end users or at which more than half 

the fuel sold, by volume, is sold through a cylinder exchange program. 

If you have more than 10,000 pounds of propane and you manufacture propane, use it as a feedstock, or 

store it in bulk for sale, other than to end users, or if your retail sales do not make up more than half of 

your income, you are subject to part 68. If you manufacture or use propane as a feedstock or store it for 

wholesale distribution and use it as a fuel, the propane used for fuel is not covered by part 68; the 

propane manufactured, processed, or stored for wholesale distribution is subject to part 68 provided the 

quantity is greater than 10,000 pounds. If you use propane to fuel a covered process containing other 

regulated substances above their thresholds, the propane is not covered, but you will have to consider the 

hazards created by the propane when you conduct your process hazard analysis or hazard review. 

For most propane storage facilities, complying with this rule will be easy because most of the 

requirements are similar to those you already comply with under state or local rules based on the 

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standard number 58 on propane. If you are complying with 

NFPA-58 and implementing other safe engineering practices for propane, you should have little more to 

do for this rule besides filing a report with EPA. 

AM I COVERED? 

The capacity of propane tanks is usually given as water capacity (this information should be on the 

nameplate of the tank). Table 1 translates the water capacity (in gallons) into propane weight (in 

pounds). Read the tank capacity on the nameplate and check this table. 

January 27, 2000 
2
 

Table 1 assumes that tanks are filled to 88 percent of capacity, the maximum level allowable under 

NFPA-58 at 60(F. If you always keep your tanks filled to a lower level, you should adjust these numbers 

to reflect your lower inventory. If you have larger tanks, multiply the water capacity times 3.696 to 

determine pounds at 88 percent capacity. 

TABLE 1
 

TYPICAL WATER CAPACITY OF PROPANE TANKS,
 

TRANSPORTS AND RAILROAD TANK CARS
 

Capacity in Gallons Capacity in Pounds 

Storage Tank 12,000 44,400 

Storage Tank 18,000 66,500 

Storage Tank 30,000 111,000 

Storage Tank 40,000 148,000 

Storage Tank 60,000 222,000 

Storage Tank 100,000 370,000 

Storage Tank 120,000 444,000 

Transport (Cargo Tank) 8,000 - 11,000 30,000-41,000 

Rail Car DOT Class 105J300W & 105A300W 11,000 - 34,500 41,000-128,000 

Rail Car DOT Class 112J340W & 112T340W

 114J340W & 114T340W

 114J400W & 114T400W 

26,000 - 34,500 96,000-128,000 

Bobtails (Delivery Cargo Tank) 750 - 3200 2,800-12,000 

Also, add up the amounts of propane in tanks that are connected or close together. If you have four 750­

gallon tanks, you are subject to the rule if the tanks are connected by piping, or if you store the tanks 

close enough together that they could be involved in a single accident. For example, if a fire could 

spread to all the tanks, they are considered one “process,” and the propane in all the tanks must be 

counted toward the 10,000-pound threshold. You should also consider whether, if one tank exploded, the 

other tanks could be affected by the shrapnel or fire. If you have several groups of propane tanks, widely 

separated, you may be considered to have multiple processes (see Appendix A for additional guidance on 

determining whether your propane tanks are separated far enough to be considered multiple processes.) 

WHAT DO I HAVE TO DO? 

The first step you should take after determining that you are covered by the rule is to decide which 

Program level you are in. EPA developed the rule with three Program levels to reflect different levels of 

risk and levels of effort needed to prevent accidents. 

January 27, 2000 
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J Program 1 is a minimal set of requirements for processes that have a very low risk of affecting 

the public in the event of an accident. 

J Program 2 is a streamlined set of requirements for processes not eligible for Program 1 or 

subject to Program 3. 

J Program 3 applies to processes that are not eligible for Program 1 and that are either subject to 

the Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard of the Occupational Safety and Health 

Administration (OSHA) or in certain industrial sectors (some chemical manufacturers, all 

refineries, and all pulp mills). 

This document does not provide detailed guidance on Program 3. Propane storage facilities subject to 

part 68 will generally either be eligible for Program 1 or subject to Program 3. The OSHA PSM standard 

exempts all retail facilities, using the same definition of retail facilities given above, and fuel users, but 

covers wholesalers and manufacturers that process propane. Consequently, a propane facility subject to 

part 68 will generally also be subject to the OSHA PSM standard. If you are subject to the OSHA PSM 

standard, you should also see EPA’s General Guidance for Risk Management Programs or OSHA’s 

Process Safety Management Guidelines for Compliance (OSHA 3133). 

If you can qualify a process for Program 1, it is in your best interests to do so, even if the process is 

already subject to OSHA PSM. For Program 1 processes, the implementing agency will enforce only the 

minimal Program 1 requirements. If you assign a process to Program 3 when it might qualify for 

Program 1, the implementing agency will enforce all of the requirements of the higher program level. If, 

however, you are already in compliance with the prevention elements of Program 3, you may want to use 

your RMP to inform the community of your prevention efforts. 

January 27, 2000 
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January 27, 2000 
5 

PROGRAM 1 

ELIGIBILITY 

Some propane storage facilities will be eligible for Program 1, particularly those that are a considerable 

distance from any other business or residence. For a process to be eligible for Program 1, it must meet 

the following criteria: 

J The process must not have had an accidental release of propane that led to deaths or injuries of 

people offsite or response or restoration activities at environmental receptors in the last five 

years. Environmental receptors are limited to national or state parks, forests, or monuments; 

officially designated wildlife sanctuaries, preserves, refuges, or areas; and Federal wilderness 

areas; and, 

J There are no public receptors within a distance to a 1 psi overpressure from a worst-case release. 

A worst-case release is defined by the rule as the loss of the contents of the single largest vessel (or 

piping) containing the regulated substance. For propane and other flammable substances, the released 

substance is assumed to explode and generate a pressure wave that can damage people or structures. The 

rule requires you to determine the distance to a 1 psi overpressure (at 1 psi, windows will break). This 

scenario is required by the regulation, and you must adopt this scenario. Table 2 provides the worst-case 

distance to a 1 psi overpressure for propane tanks. 

TABLE 2 

DISTANCE TO A 1 PSI OVERPRESSURE 

Nominal Water Capacity 

(Gallons) 

Distance to Endpoint 

(Miles) 

500 - 1,750 0.1 

1,751 - 7,000 0.2 

7,001 - 23,000 0.3 

23,001 - 51,000 0.4 

51,001 - 90,000 0.5 

90,001 - 120,000 0.6 

If you have different quantities, RMP*Comp, a software system developed by EPA and NOAA, will 

allow you to calculate worst-case distances quickly. RMP*Comp can be downloaded from 

January 27, 2000 
 

6
 

www.epa.gov/emergencies/rmp. You may also use other models to develop distance estimates (see 40 

CFR 68.22 for the parameters you must use in estimating worst-case release distances). Next, you must 

determine if there are “public receptors” within a circle whose radius is equal to this distance. Public 

receptors include “offsite residences, institutions (e.g., schools and hospitals), industrial, commercial, and 

office buildings, parks, or recreational areas inhabited or occupied by the public at any time without 

restriction by the stationary source where members of the public could be exposed to toxic concentrations, 

radiant heat, or overpressure, as a result of an accidental release.” Offsite means areas beyond your 

property boundary and "areas within the property boundary to which the public has routine and 

unrestricted access during or outside business hours." Public roads are not public receptors. 

If there are no public receptors within the distance to a 1 psi overpressure for your largest vessel and the 

process has not had an accidental release that caused any of the listed offsite impacts, your process is 

eligible for Program 1. If you have questions about whether certain areas are considered public receptors, 

call the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) hotline at (800) 424-9346 

(for DC area (703) 412-9810; T.D. (800) 553-7672) or check EPA’s General Guidance for Risk 

Management Programs (available from the hotline or electronically at www.epa.gov/emergencies/rmp). 

WHAT MUST I DO FOR A PROGRAM 1 PROCESS? 

Because your worst-case release would not affect public receptors, you only need to do two things: 

Ê Coordinate emergency response with your local fire department and any other local emergency 

planning and response agencies; and, 

Ê Complete a brief Risk Management Plan (RMP), as described below 

Coordination with the fire department may consist of a discussion with them or a walk-through of your 

facility. The purpose is simply to be sure that the fire department is aware of the hazards associated with 

propane at your facility and ready to respond if an accident occurs. Also, contact your State Emergency 

Response Commission (SERC) to identify your Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). You can 

get contact information for your SERC from the EPCRA hotline (noted above). 

The RMP will be filed with EPA and made available to state and local agencies and the public. EPA has 

developed a web-based submission system, called RMP*eSubmit, that will make filing a RMP or making 

changes or corrections to an existing plan easy. You can access this information at 

www.epa.gov/emergencies/rmp. EPA’s previous system for electronic submission - RMP*Submit - 

will no longer be available on the EPA website after March 2009. 

The RMP includes registration information (basic facility information); the worst-case release scenario; a 

five-year accident history (of accidents that caused deaths, injuries, or significant property damage on 

site, known offsite deaths or injuries, offsite property or environmental damage, or evacuations or 

shelterings in place); emergency response activities; a brief executive summary; and a certification 

statement. 

March 2009 
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The executive summary should be a brief description of the facility, the worst-case release scenario, steps 

you take to prevent accidents (e.g., complying with state and local laws), emergency response 

information (e.g., your coordination with the fire department), and any steps you are planning to take to 

improve safety (e.g., upgrading equipment to meet newer editions of NFPA-58). The rest of the RMP is 

filling in names, addresses, and numbers, and checking appropriate boxes. You do not need to submit 

supporting documentation; you need only keep it onsite for inspection. Most propane storage facilities 

will not have any accidents to report on the five-year accident history. If you do not, you need not 

complete that section. A sample RMP for a Program 1 propane facility is attached. 

January 27, 2000 
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January 27, 2000 
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PROGRAM 3 

If your process is not eligible for Program 1, the process is most likely in Program 3 because it is 

probably subject to the OSHA PSM standard. Most propane storage facilities that are in commercial or 

industrial areas or close to residential areas will be subject to Program 3. 

WHAT MUST I DO FOR PROGRAM 3? 

For Program 3, you must: 

J Analyze both a worst-case release scenario and an alternative release scenario; 

J Implement a prevention program; 

J Implement an emergency response program if your employees will respond to a release; and 

J File an RMP. 

WHAT ARE THE RELEASE SCENARIOS? 

Worst-Case Scenario. Part 68 defines the worst-case release scenario you must analyze. It is described 

in the previous section of this guidance (regarding Program 1). You can simply use Table 2 or 

RMP*Comp to define the distance to the 1 psi endpoint for your largest tank. 

Alternative Release Scenario. An alternative release scenario is a scenario that is more likely to 

happen. It must reach an endpoint offsite unless no such scenario exists. One of the following scenarios 

may be appropriate for you. 

J	 Pull-Away Explosion. An alternative scenario may be a hose rupture caused by a pull-away. A 

pull-away can occur if the driver fails to remove the hoses between the storage tank and the 

transfer vehicle before moving the vehicle. In this scenario, the failure involves a 25-foot length 

of unloading hose, 4" in diameter. The active mitigation devices are assumed to work as 

designed, limiting the release to the contents of the hose. The release leads to a vapor cloud 

explosion (endpoint 1 psi). The quantity released is 69 pounds. The distance to the endpoint is 

175 feet (report as 0.03 miles). 

J	 Piping Break. Another alternative scenario you may want to consider is a break in propane 

piping leading to a 10-minute release and explosion. The distance to the 1 psi endpoint is shown 

in Table 3. 

Appendix B includes release calculations for alternative scenarios as well as scenarios in addition to the 

two provided above. 

January 27, 2000 
 

10 

TABLE 3 

DISTANCES TO 1 PSI FOR PIPE RELEASES
 

Pipe Size (inches) Quantity Released (pounds) Distance to 1 psi 

0.5 4,738 0.1 

1 18,951 0.2 

2 75,804 0.3 

You must estimate in the RMP residential populations within the circles defined by the endpoints for your 

worst-case and alternative release scenarios (i.e., the center of the circle is the point of release and the 

radius is the distance to the endpoint). You may use Census data and round to two significant digits (e.g., 

1147 becomes 1100, and 123 becomes 120). You do not need to conduct surveys or correct Census data. 

In addition, you must report in the RMP whether certain types of public receptors (e.g., schools, hospitals) 

and environmental receptors are within the circle. You do not need to identify specific receptors; you 

simply need to check off the category. 

WHAT DO I HAVE TO DO FOR THE PREVENTION PROGRAM? 

The Program 3 prevention program is identical to the OSHA PSM Standard and has 12 elements: 

Ê Safety information 

Ê Process Hazard Analysis 

Ê Operating procedures 

Ê Training 

Ê Mechanical Integrity (Maintenance) 

Ê Pre-startup reviews 

Ê Management of change 

Ê Compliance audits 

Ê Incident investigation 

Ê Employee participation 

Ê Hot work permit 

Ê Contractors 

If you are complying with NFPA-58 or state or local laws based on it, following the guidelines in the 

National Propane Gas Association (NPGA) LP Gas Safety Handbook, and implementing NPGA safety 

bulletins, you are probably already doing most of what you need to do to comply with these requirements. 

The following sections provide additional information on how your current practices will help you 

comply with the EPA rule. For a more complete discussion of the requirements, see the General 

Guidance for Risk Management Programs, available at www.epa.gov/emergencies/rmp, and OSHA’s 

Process Safety Management Guidelines for Compliance (OSHA 3133). 

Safety Information. You must have up-to-date information on propane and your propane equipment. 

You must have a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) on propane. If you do not have one, contact your 

March 2009 
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supplier for a copy. You must also document your maximum intended inventory for your propane 

equipment. This will generally be the capacity of your tank or tanks; see Table 1. 

You need information on safe upper and lower temperatures, pressures, flows, and compositions. The 

following information should meet this requirement: 

J	 Propane is a gas at normal temperatures and pressures. It is commonly liquefied by storing it in a 

closed container at pressures higher than its equilibrium vapor pressure. There is a direct 

relationship between ambient temperature and the pressure inside the storage container. As the 

ambient temperature increases, the pressure of the container increases proportionately. 

According to NFPA 58, 1998 Edition, Table B-1.2.1, commercial propane when heated to a 

temperature of 105(F will produce a pressure of 210 pounds per square inch, gauge (psig). 

NFPA 58, 1998 Edition, Table 2-2.2.2 sets the current minimum design pressure for an ASME 

tank at 250 pounds per square inch, absolute (psia). This design allows for a maximum vapor 

pressure of 215 psia at 100(F. The discharge piping for pumps and compressors is currently 

designed to 350 psi and vapor piping is designed for 250 psi according to NFPA 58, 1998 

Edition, 3-2.10.2. The minimum temperatures are determined by the steel used in the design of 

the storage tank and the piping. Liquid propane (if released at atmospheric pressure) can 

refrigerate steel pipes and tanks down to temperatures of -44(F. 

J	 Another property of propane in its liquid form is its ability to greatly expand when heated. 

Therefore, NFPA 58, 1998 Edition sets the maximum filling capacity of large tanks in Table 4­

4.2.2(b) to avoid overfilling. 

You must maintain equipment specifications for all equipment that is part of a covered process, including 

your bulk storage tank(s), piping, pressure relief valves, hydrostatic relief valves, emergency shutoff 

valves, temperature, pressure and level gauges, valves, pumps, compressors, and hoses. Specifications 

for your bulk propane storage tank(s) are provided on the nameplate attached to the tank. If you do not 

have the information, obtain it from your vendor and keep all such information on file. 

You must document the codes and standards you used to design and build your propane facility and that 

you follow to operate it. These codes will probably include the electrical and building codes that you 

must comply with under state or local laws. Your equipment vendors will be able to provide you with 

information on the codes they comply with for their products. 

The equipment specifications and lists of standards and codes will probably ensure that your process is 

designed in compliance with recognized and generally good engineering practices. 

See the EPA and OSHA guidance documents cited above for more information on the elements that must 

be documented as part of your safety information. 

Process Hazard Analysis. You are required to conduct a process hazard analysis (PHA) to identify the 

hazards associated with your equipment and propane, the possible malfunctions of equipment or human 

errors that could cause a release, the safeguards needed to control hazards or prevent malfunctions or 

errors, and any steps needed to detect or monitor releases. If you are required to comply with NFPA-58, 

your review can focus on whether you are in compliance with that standard. You may need to consider 

January 27, 2000 
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external events as well as internal failures. If you are in an area subject to earthquakes, hurricanes, or 

floods, you should examine whether your system would survive these natural events without releasing 

propane. You should consider the potential impacts of lightning strikes and power failures. If your 

equipment could be hit by vehicles, you should examine the consequences of that. If you have anything 

near the process that could burn, ask yourself what would happen if the fire affected the propane tanks or 

equipment. See the EPA and OSHA guidance documents cited above for more information on analysis 

techniques and issues to be considered. Appendix C provides a checklist that you can use. 

When you complete the review, you must document the results and ensure and document that any 

problems are addressed in a timely manner. 

Operating Procedures. Written operating procedures describe the tasks you or your operators must 

perform, safe process operating parameters that must be maintained, and safety precautions for 

operations and maintenance activities. These procedures tell you or your employees how to work safely 

every day. Applicable portions of the National Propane Gas Association (NPGA) Certified Employee 

Training Program and compliance with certain NPGA Safety Bulletins can be used to meet this 

requirement. Other programs may be available that will also be acceptable. See the EPA and OSHA 

guidance documents cited above for more information on the elements that must be included in the 

procedures. A list of NPGA documents that may meet these requirements is included in Appendix C. 

Training. You must ensure that any employee presently operating a process and any employee newly 

assigned to a covered process have been trained or tested competent in the operating procedures that 

pertain to their duties. For those employees already operating a process on June 21, 1999, you may 

certify in writing that the employee has the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to safely carry out 

the duties and responsibilities as provided in the operating procedures. You are not required to provide a 

specific amount or type of training. You should develop a training approach that works for you. The 

NPGA’s Certified Employee Training Program and any training you do to meet DOT requirements may 

satisfy this requirement. You must provide refresher training. You must determine the frequency of 

refresher training in consultation with any affected employees, but you must provide refresher training at 

least once every three years. Training must be documented. 

Maintenance. You must prepare and implement procedures to maintain the on-going mechanical 

integrity of your propane equipment. You may use procedures or instructions provided by equipment 

vendors or procedures in Federal or state regulations or industry codes as the basis for maintenance 

procedures. You must also train maintenance workers in these procedures (if a contractor maintains your 

equipment, the contractor’s employees should be trained as well). NPGA’s Certified Employee Training 

Program covers many of the maintenance procedures for your propane equipment. 

You must establish a schedule for inspecting and testing equipment associated with your propane storage 

facility. You may obtain recommendations from manufacturers, vendors, or trade associations. You 

should, however, use your own experience as a basis for examining any schedules you obtain from 

others. Many things may affect whether a schedule is appropriate. The manufacturer may assume a 

constant rate of use. If your actual rate of use (e.g., the amount of propane pumped per hour) varies 

considerably, the variations may cause additional wear on the equipment. Extreme weather conditions 

may also increase wear on equipment. 

January 27, 2000 
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If you have workers that use your propane facility, talk with them as you prepare or adopt these 

procedures and schedules. If their experience indicates that equipment fails more frequently than the 

manufacturer expects, you should adjust the inspection schedule to reflect that experience. 

See the EPA and OSHA guidance documents cited above for more information on these requirements. 

A list of NPGA training that applies to maintenance procedures and a maintenance inspection checklist 

are included in Appendix C. 

Management of Change. You must prepare and implement procedures to manage changes, except 

replacements in kind. The purpose of this requirement is to ensure that changes you make do not create 

any new hazards and that your employees and contractors are informed of the changes and trained in any 

new procedures that are needed prior to start-up. See the EPA and OSHA guidance documents cited 

above for more information on these requirements. 

Pre-Startup Review. Whenever you install a new covered process or modify an existing one, you must 

perform a pre-startup review to ensure that the equipment is in accordance with the design specifications, 

that all procedures related to the equipment are up-to-date, and that employees have been trained in the 

operation of the new or modified process. See the EPA and OSHA guidance documents cited above for 

more information on these requirements. 

Compliance Audits. At least every three years, you must certify that you have evaluated compliance 

with EPA’s requirements for the prevention program for each covered process. At least one person who 

conducts the audit must be knowledgeable about the process. You must develop a report of the audit’s 

findings, determine and document an appropriate response to each finding, and document that you have 

corrected all deficiencies. You must retain compliance audit reports for five years. 

Incident Investigation. You must investigate each incident that resulted in, or could have resulted in, a 

“catastrophic” release of propane. A catastrophic release is one that presents an imminent and 

substantial endangerment to public health and the environment. You must start the investigation no later 

than 48 hours after the accident. You must create a report on the accident that includes, at least, the date 

of the accident and the date the investigation began, a description of the accident, the factors that 

contributed to the accident, and any recommendations that resulted from the investigation. You must 

address the recommendations and share the findings with any employees whose jobs are affected by the 

findings. Investigation reports must be retained for five years. 

The NPGA “LP-Gas Safety Handbook,” and NPGA bulletin #202-93 “After Accident Procedure” may 

help you comply with this requirement. 

Employee Participation. You must develop a written plan to implement the requirements for employee 

participation. See the OSHA guidance document cited above for more information on this requirement. 

Hot Work Permit. You must issue hot work permits for hot work conducted near your covered process. 

See the OSHA guidance document cited above for more information on this requirement. 

Contractors. If you use contractors to perform maintenance, renovation, or specialty work on or near a 

covered process, you must implement a program to ensure that your contractors are qualified to perform 

January 27, 2000 
14 

the work and are informed of the potential hazards. See the OSHA guidance document cited above for
 

more information on these requirements. 
 

Table 4 summarizes the ways that propane facilities can comply with some of these requirements.
 

TABLE 4
 

WAYS TO COMPLY WITH SOME PREVENTION ELEMENTS
 

Program 3 Prevention Element How a Propane Facility Can Meet This Requirement 

Safety Information - Maintain Material Safety Data Sheets on propane 

- Use the information provided in this guidance 

- Document NFPA-58 information 

- Maintain propane equipment vendor-supplied information 

- Maintain records on electrical and building codes followed 

Hazard Review - Use checklist in Appendix C 

- Review compliance with NFPA-58 

Operating Procedures - Implement NPGA Certified Employee Training Program 

- Comply with NFPA-58 

- Comply with NPGA safety bulletins 

- Use written operating procedures for propane systems 

Training - Implement NPGA Certified Employee Training Program. 

- Document training done to meet DOT requirements 

- Document training done to comply with NFPA-58 

- Comply with NPGA Safety Bulletins 

- Provide refresher training at least every three years 

Maintenance - Implement NPGA Certified Employee Training Program 

- Use checklist in Appendix C 

- Establish a maintenance and testing schedule 

- Document inspections and maintenance done by equipment 

vendors 

Compliance Audits - Conduct and document a compliance audit every three years; 

respond to each finding, and document that you have corrected 

any deficiencies. 

Incident Investigation - Implement practices in NPGA’s LP-Gas Safety Handbook 

- Implement NPGA bulletin #202-93 “After Accident Procedure” 

January 27, 2000 
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WHAT DO I HAVE TO DO FOR THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROGRAM? 

If you have at least one Program 3 process at your facility, you may be required to implement an 

emergency response program, consisting of an emergency response plan, emergency response equipment 

procedures, employee training, and procedures to ensure the program is up-to-date. This requirement 

applies if your employees will respond to some releases involving propane. The emergency response 

section of EPA's rule allows you to decide first whether the employees will respond to an accidental 

release of propane and then what involvement the employees will have in the event of a release of 

propane. If you choose not to have employees respond, then you must coordinate response actions with 

the local fire department and have in place appropriate mechanisms to notify emergency responders when 

there is a need for a response. 

Some propane storage facilities will rely on local responders to handle any accident. If you plan to have 

your employees respond to a propane release, you should consult EPA’s General Guidance for Risk 

Management Programs to determine what you need to do to develop and implement an emergency 

response program. 

WHAT DO I HAVE TO DO FOR MY RMP? 

The RMP for a Program 3 process will include the same sections covered in the Program 1 process, plus 

a report on the alternative release scenario and the report on the prevention program. Except for the 

executive summary, the RMP consists of names, numbers, and check-off boxes. If you have more than 

one process, you still file only one RMP. If you have multiple Program 3 processes, but they all contain 

propane, you report only one worst-case scenario and one alternative scenario to cover all of them. (If 

you have multiple Program 1 processes, you must report a worst-case scenario for each Program 1 

process to establish that the process is eligible for Program 1.) 

If you have one Program 3 process, your RMP will include: 

J The executive summary (covering the alternative release scenario as well as worst-case) 

J Registration data 

J Worst-case and alternative release data 

J Five-year accident history (only if you’ve had any accidents to report) 

J Prevention program data 

J Emergency response data 

J The certification 

A sample RMP and certification statement for a Program 3 propane facility is attached. 

January 27, 2000 
16 

January 27, 2000 
17
 

SAMPLE RMP for PROGRAM 1 PROPANE STORAGE FACILITY 

(This sample RMP is for a fictitious facility named, “Smith Gas Company Terminal.” 

Any resemblance to any actual facility is accidental). 

CERTIFICATION STATEMENT 

Based on the criteria in 40 CFR 68.10, the distance to the specified endpoint for the worst-case accidental release 

scenario for the following processes is less than the distance to the nearest public receptor: 

& Wholesale LPG facility 

Within the past five years, the process has had no accidental release that caused offsite impacts provided in the risk 

management program rule (40 CFR 68.10(b)(1)). No additional measures are necessary to prevent offsite impacts 

from accidental releases. In the event of fire, explosion, or a release of a regulated substance from the process, 

entry within the distance to the specified endpoint may pose a danger to public emergency responders. Therefore, 

public emergency responders should not enter this area except as arranged with the emergency contact indicated in 

the RMP. The undersigned certifies that, to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief, formed after 

reasonable inquiry, the information submitted is true, accurate, and complete.

William R. Smith William R. Smith 

Signature Print Name

 Company Owner 6/21/99 

Title Date 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

The accidental release prevention and emergency response policies at your facility: This facility complies with 

NFPA-58 requirements for LP-Gas storage, and it is our policy to adhere to all applicable federal, state, and local 

laws. If an emergency were to occur, it is our policy to notify the Garvin County Fire Department and request that 

they respond to the emergency. 

A description of your facility and the regulated substances handled. This facility wholesales LPG, supplying 

retail outlets, primarily gas stations and cylinder filling operations at cooperatives. The facility consists of a single 

18,000-gallon tank, which we fill to between 85% and 88% capacity. 

The worst-case release scenario. Our worst-case scenario is failure of the 18,000-gallon storage tank when filled 

to the greatest amount allowed (88% at 60F), resulting in a vapor cloud explosion. Since this facility is located in a 

relatively remote, unoccupied area, the worst-case scenario would not affect anyone beyond our property. 

The general accidental release prevention program and chemical-specific prevention steps. This facility 

complies with EPA’s accident prevention rule and all applicable state and local codes and regulations. The propane 

system is designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with NFPA-58 and state law. 

Five-year accident history. We have never had an accident involving propane that caused deaths, injuries, property 

or environmental damage, evacuations, or shelterings in place. 

The emergency response program. In the event of an emergency involving our propane system, it is our policy to 

notify the Garvin County Fire Department and request that they respond to the emergency. We have discussed this 

policy with the fire department; members of the fire department have inspected our propane system. 

January 27, 2000 
18
 

Planned changes to improve safety. None. 

1. REGISTRATION 

1.1 Source Identification 

1.1.a. Facility Name: Smith Gas Company 

1.1.b. Parent Company #1 Name: N/A 

1.1.c. Parent Company #2 Name: 

1.2. RMP Facility Identifier: [EPA will assign] 

1.3. EPA Identifier: 

1.4. Dun and Bradstreet Numbers (DUNS) N/A 

1.4.a. Facility DUNS: 

1.4.b. Parent Company #1 DUNS: 

1.4.c. Parent Company #2 DUNS: 

1.5 Facility Location Address 

a. Street 42 Rural Rt 7 

b. Street - Line 2: 

c. City: Plainville d. State: OK e. Zip Code: 12345 f. County: Garvin 

g. Facility Latitude (degrees, minutes, and seconds): 34 40 20 

h. Facility Longitude (degrees, minutes, and seconds): -097 21 06 

i. Method for determining Lat/Long : I1 (interpolation, map) 

j. Description of location identified by Lat/Long : AB Storage Tank 

1.6 Owner/Operator 

a. Name: William R. Smith 

b. Phone: (555) 555-5555
 

Mailing Address:
 

c. Street 1: 42 Rural Rt 7 

e. City: Plainville f. State: OK g. Zip: 12345 

1.7. Name and title of person responsible for RMP (part 68) implementation 

a. Name: William R. Smith

January 27, 2000 
19
 

b. Title: Company owner 

1.8. Emergency Contact 

a. Name: William R. Smith

b. Title: Company owner 

c. Phone: (555) 555-5555 

d. 24-hour phone: (555) 555-1111 e. Ext. or PIN: 

1.9. Other Points of Contact (Optional) 

a. Facility or parent company e-mail address: 

b. Facility public contact phone: (555) 555-5555 

c. Facility or parent company www homepage address: 

1.10. LEPC (Optional): Garvin County LEPC 

1.11. Number of full-time employees (FTEs) On Site: 1 

1.12. Covered by (select all that apply) 

a. OSHA PSM: Yes 

b. EPCRA section 302: 

c. CAA Title V Air Operating Permit ID: 

1.13. OSHA Star or Merit Ranking: No 

1.14. Last Safety Inspection Date: 12/07/97 

1.15. Last Safety Inspection Performed by (select one) Fire department 

1.16. Will this RMP involve Predictive Filing? No 

1.17. Process Specific Information. For each covered process fill in the following chart. Use a separate sheet for 

each process 

. 

Process Number: 1
 

(optional to help you
 

track)
 

Process Description: Storage tank
 

(optional to help you
 

track)
 

a. Program Level: 1 

b. NAICS Code(s): 42272 

January 27, 2000 
20
 

c. Chemical c.1. Name: 

Propane 

c.2. CAS Number: 

74-98-6 

c.3. Quantity (lbs.): 

67,000 

4. FLAMMABLES: WORST CASE 

4.1. Chemical Name 

4.2. Results based on (select one) 

Propane 

c. EPA’s RMP Guidance for Propane Storage Facilities Reference Tables or Equations 

4.3. Scenario: Vapor Cloud Explosion 

4.4. Quantity released (lbs.) 67,000 pounds 

4.5. Endpoint Used: 1 psi 

4.6. Distance to endpoint (miles) 0.30 miles 

4.7. Residential population within distance to endpoint 0 

4.8. Public receptors within distance to endpoint (select all that apply) 

a. Schools d. Prisons /Correctional facilities 

b. Residences e. Recreation areas 

c. Hospitals f. Commercial/industrial areas 

4.9. Environmental receptors within distance to endpoint (select all that apply) 

a. National or state parks, forests, or monuments 

b. Officially designated wildlife sanctuaries, preserves, or refuges 

c. Federal wilderness area 

4.10. Passive mitigation considered (select all that apply) 

a. Dikes 

b. Fire walls 

c. Blast walls 

d. Enclosures 

e. Other (specify) 

4.11. Graphics file name (Optional) 

January 27, 2000 
21
 

9. EMERGENCY RESPONSE 

9.1. Emergency response (ER) plan
 

a. Is facility included in the written community emergency response plan? No 

b. Does facility have its own written emergency response plan? No 

9.2. Does facility ER plan include specific actions to be taken in response to accidental releases of regulated
 

substance(s)? 
 

9.3. Does facility ER plan include procedures for informing public and local agencies responding to accidental
 

release? 
 

9.4. Does facility ER plan include information on emergency health care?
 

9.5. Date of most recent review/update of facility ER plan
 

9.6. Date of most recent emergency response training for facility’s employees
 

9.7. Local agency with which the facility ER plan or response activities are coordinated
 

a. Name of agency Garvin County Fire Department 

b. Phone number (555) 555-1000 

9.8. Subject to (select all that apply)
 

9.8.a. OSHA 1910.38 7
 

9.8.b. OSHA 1910.120
 

9.8.c. Clean Water Act/SPCC
 

9.8.d. RCRA
 

9.8.e. OPA-90
 

9.8.f. State EPCRA rules/law
 

9.8.g. Other (specify)
 

January 27, 2000 
22
 

January 27, 2000 
23
 

SAMPLE RMP for PROGRAM 3 PROPANE STORAGE FACILITY
 (This sample RMP is for a fictitious facility named “Maryland LPG.” 

Any resemblance to any actual facility is accidental). 

CERTIFICATION STATEMENT 

To the best of the undersigned’s knowledge, information, and belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the 

information submitted is true, accurate, and complete.

Mary L. Jones 

Signature 

 Mary L. Jones 

Print Name

 Company Owner 

Title 

6/21/99 

Date 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

The accidental release prevention and emergency response policies at your facility: This facility complies with 

NFPA-58 requirements for LP-Gas storage, and it is our policy to adhere to all applicable federal, state, and 

local laws. If an emergency were to occur, it is our policy to notify the Howard County Fire Department and 

request that they respond to the emergency. We also maintain a fire brigade on site to handle small emergencies. 

A description of your facility and the regulated substances handled. This facility is a bulk terminal storing 

LPG for resale to retail propane outlets. The facility consists of four 30,000-gallon tanks and two 120,000­

gallon tanks. 

The worst-case and alternative release scenarios. Our worst-case scenario is failure of one 120,000-gallon 

storage tank when filled to the greatest amount allowed (88% at 60F), resulting in a vapor cloud explosion. The 

resulting distance to the endpoint extends offsite, and public receptors are within the distance to the endpoint. 

Our alternative release scenario is a break in a 0.5-inch diameter pipe, leading to a 10-minute release and 

explosion. The resulting distance to the endpoint extends offsite, and public receptors are within the distance to 

the endpoint. 

The general accidental release prevention program and chemical-specific prevention steps. This facility 

complies with EPA’s accident prevention rule, the OSHA PSM standard, and all applicable state and local codes 

and regulations. The propane system is designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with NFPA-58 and 

state law. 

Five-year accident history. We have never had an accident involving propane that caused deaths, injuries, 

property or environmental damage, evacuations, or shelterings in place. 

The emergency response program. In the event of an emergency involving our propane system, it is our policy 

to notify the Howard County Fire Department and request that they help respond to the emergency. We also 

have a trained fire brigade. We have coordinated our response plans with the fire department; members of the 

fire department have inspected our propane system and conducted a joint exercise with us. 

Planned changes to improve safety. None. 

January 27, 2000 
24
 

1. REGISTRATION 

1.1 Source Identification 

a. Facility Name: Maryland LPG 

b. Parent Company #1 Name: N/A 

c. Parent Company #2 Name: 

1.2. RMP Facility Identifier: [EPA will assign] 

1.3. EPA Identifier: 

1.4. Dun and Bradstreet Numbers (DUNS) N/A 

a. Facility DUNS: 

b. Parent Company #1 DUNS: 

c. Parent Company #2 DUNS: 

1.5 Facility Location Address 

a. Street 238 Main Street 

b. Street - Line 2: 

c. City: Odenton d. State: MD e. Zip Code: 21873 f. County: Howard 

g. Facility Latitude (degrees, minutes, and seconds): 39 11 15 

h. Facility Longitude (degrees, minutes, and seconds): -076 50 10 

i. Method for determining Lat/Long : I1 (interpolation, map) 

j. Description of location identified by Lat/Long : AB Administrative Building 

1.6 Owner/Operator 

a. Name: Mary L. Jones 

b. Phone: (410) 777-1234 

Mailing Address: 

c. Street 1: 238 Main St. 

e. City: Odenton f. State: MD g. Zip: 21873 

1.7. Name and title of person responsible for RMP (part 68) implementation 

a. Mary L. Jones 

b. Company Owner 

January 27, 2000 
25
 

1.8. Emergency Contact 

a. Name: Mary L. Jones

b. Title: Company owner 

c. Phone: (410) 777-1234 

d. 24-hour phone: (410) 777-4321 e. Ext. or PIN: 

1.9. Other Points of Contact (Optional) 

a. Facility or parent company e-mail address: 

b. Facility public contact phone: (410) 777-1234 

c. Facility or parent company www homepage address: 

1.10. LEPC (Optional): Howard County LEPC 

1.11. Number of full-time employees (FTEs) On Site: 6 

1.12. Covered by (select all that apply) 

a. OSHA PSM: Yes 

b. EPCRA section 302: 

c. CAA Title V Air Operating Permit ID: 

1.13. OSHA Star or Merit Ranking: No 

1.14. Last Safety Inspection Date: 10/19/98 

1.15. Last Safety Inspection Performed by (select one) Fire department 

1.16. Will this RMP involve Predictive Filing? No 

1.17. Process Specific Information. For each covered process fill in the following chart. Use a separate sheet for 

each process. 

Process Number: 1
 

(optional to help you
 

track)
 

Process Description: Storage Tanks
 

(optional to help you
 

track)
 

a. Program Level: 3 

b. NAICS Code(s): 42271 Petroleum Bulk Terminal 

January 27, 2000 
26
 

c. Chemical c.1. Name: 

Propane 

c.2. CAS Number: 

74-98-6 

c.3. Quantity (lbs.): 

1,331,000 

4. FLAMMABLES: WORST CASE 

4.1. Chemical Name 

4.2. Results based on (select one) 

Propane 

c. EPA’s RMP Guidance for Propane Storage Facilities Reference Tables or Equations 

4.3. Scenario: Vapor Cloud Explosion 

4.4. Quantity released (lbs.) 120,000 pounds 

4.5. Endpoint Used: 1 psi 

4.6. Distance to endpoint (miles) 0.60 miles 

4.7. Residential population within distance to endpoint 200 

4.8. Public receptors within distance to endpoint (select all that apply) 

a. Schools 8 d. Prisons /Correctional facilities 

b. Residences 7 e. Recreation areas 8

c. Hospitals 8 f. Commercial/industrial areas 8

4.9. Environmental receptors within distance to endpoint (select all that apply) 

a. National or state parks, forests, or monuments 

b. Officially designated wildlife sanctuaries, preserves, or refuges 

c. Federal wilderness area 

4.10. Passive mitigation considered (select all that apply) 

a. Dikes 

b. Fire walls 

c. Blast walls 

d. Enclosures 

e. Other (specify) 

4.11. Graphics file name (Optional) 

January 27, 2000 
27
 

5. FLAMMABLES: ALTERNATIVE RELEASES [Program 2 processes only] 

5.1. Chemical Name Propane 

5.2. Results based on: EPA’s RMP Guidance for Propane Storage Facilities Reference Tables or Equations 

5.3. Scenario Vapor cloud explosion 

5.4. Quantity released (lbs.) 4,738 

5.5. Endpoint used (select one) 1 psi 

5.6. Distance to endpoint (miles) 0.10 

5.7. Residential population within distance to endpoint 14 

5.8. Public receptors within distance to endpoint (select all that apply) 

a. Schools d. Prisons /Correctional facilities 

b. Residences 7 e. Recreation areas 

c. Hospitals f. Commercial/industrial areas 8

5.9. Environmental receptors within distance to endpoint 

a. National or state parks, forests, or monuments 

b. Officially designated wildlife sanctuaries, preserves, or refuges 

c. Federal wilderness area 

5.10. Passive mitigation considered (select all that apply) 

a. Dikes 

b. Fire walls 

c. Blast walls 

d. Enclosures 

e. Other (specify) 

5.11. Active mitigation considered (select all that apply) 

a. Sprinkler system 

b. Deluge system 

c. Water curtain 

d. Excess flow valve 

e. Other (specify) 

January 27, 2000 
28
 

5.12. Graphics file name (Optional) 

7. PREVENTION PROGRAM - PROGRAM 3 

For each process or process unit: 

7.1. NAICS Code for process: 42271 

Propane 

7.2. Chemical name(s): 

7.3. Safety information

 Date of most recent review/revision of safety information 02/04/97 

7.4. Hazard review 

a.1 Date of completion of most recent PHA/update 02/04/98 

a.2 Technique used Checklist 

b. Expected date of completion of any changes resulting from the PHA 02/04/98 

c. Major hazards identified (select at least one) 

Toxic release Overpressurization 7 Earthquake 

Fire 7 Corrosion Floods 

Explosion 7 Overfilling 7 Tornado 

Runaway reaction Contamination Hurricanes 

Polymerization Equipment Failure 7 Other 

Loss of cooling, heating, electricity, instrument air 

7.4.d. Process controls in use (select at least one)
 

Vents 7 Emergency air supply
 

Relief valves 7 Emergency power
 

Check valves Backup pump
 

Scrubbers Grounding equipment 7
 

Flares Inhibitor addition
 

Manual shutoffs 7 Rupture disks
 

Automatic shutoffs 7 Excess flow device 7
 

January 27, 2000 
29 

Interlocks Quench system 

Alarms and procedures 7 Purge system 

Keyed bypass Other: Breakaway couplings 

7.4.e. Mitigation systems (select all that apply) 

Sprinkler system 7 Deluge system 

Dikes Water curtain 

Fire walls Enclosure 

Blast walls Neutralization 

Other (specify) 

7.4.f. Monitoring/detection systems (select all that apply) 

Process area detectors Other (specify) 

Perimeter monitors 

7.4.g. Changes since last PHA update (select all that apply) 

Reduction in chemical inventory Installation of perimeter monitoring systems 

Increase in chemical inventory Installation of mitigation systems 

Change in process parameters None required/recommended 

Installation of process controls 7 Other (specify) 

Installation of process detection systems 

7.5. Date of most recent review/revision of operating procedures 03/01/97 

7.6. Training 

a. Date of most recent review/revision of training programs 03/01/97 

b. Type of training provided (select at least one) 

Classroom On the job 7

Other (specify) 

c. Type of competency test used (select at least one) 

Written test Observation 7

Oral test Other (specify) 

Demonstration 7

January 27, 2000 
30
 

7.7. Maintenance 

a. Date of most recent review/revision of maintenance procedures 04/01/97 

b. Date of most recent equipment inspection/test 10/19/98 

c. What equipment inspected/tested Propane tanks, valves, and piping 

7.8 Management of Change

 a. Date of the most recent change that triggered management of change procedure:

 b. Date of the most recent review or revision of management of change procedures: 6/14/98 

7.9 Pre-Startup Review

 The date of the most recent pre-startup review: 

7.10. Compliance audits 

a. Date of most recent compliance audit 

b. Expected date of completion of any changes resulting from the compliance audit 

7.11. Incident investigation: 

a. Date of most recent incident investigation 

b. Expected date of completion of any changes resulting from the investigation 

7.12 Employee participation plan

 Date of the most recent review or revision of the employee participation plan: 4/16/99 

7.12 Hot work permit procedures

 Date of the most recent review or revision of the hot work permit procedures: 24/12/97 

7.13 Contractor safety procedures

 a. Date of the most recent review or revision of the contractor safety procedures: 4/16/99

 b. The date of the most recent review or revision of contractor safety performance: 4/16/99 

January 27, 2000 
31
 

9. EMERGENCY RESPONSE 

9.1. Emergency response (ER) plan
 

a. Is facility included in the written community emergency response plan? Yes 

b. Does facility have its own written emergency response plan? Yes 

9.2. Does facility ER plan include specific actions to be taken in response to accidental releases of regulated
 

substance(s)? Yes
 

9.3. Does facility ER plan include procedures for informing public and local agencies responding to accidental
 

release? Yes
 

9.4. Does facility ER plan include information on emergency health care? Yes
 

9.5. Date of most recent review/update of facility ER plan 11/06/98
 

9.6. Date of most recent emergency response training for facility’s employees 3/14/99
 

9.7. Local agency with which the facility ER plan or response activities are coordinated
 

a. Name of agency Howard County Fire Department 

b. Phone number (410) 123-4567 

9.8. Subject to (select all that apply)
 

9.8.a. OSHA 1910.38 7
 

9.8.b. OSHA 1910.120
 

9.8.c. Clean Water Act/SPCC
 

9.8.d. RCRA
 

9.8.e. OPA-90
 

9.8.f. State EPCRA rules/law
 

9.8.g. Other (specify)
 

January 27, 2000 
32
 

January 27, 2000 
APPENDIX A
 

HOW DO I DETERMINE IF MY SEPARATE (NONINTERCONNECTED) PROPANE TANKS ARE CO-LOCATED?
 

January 27, 2000 
January 27, 2000 
APPENDIX A
 

HOW DO I DETERMINE IF MY SEPARATE (NONINTERCONNECTED) PROPANE TANKS ARE CO-LOCATED? 
 

For separate, above-ground, non-interconnected propane tanks, one way to determine whether the 

tanks constitute a single process (i.e., in rule language are “co-located”) is to determine whether they 

are close enough together for a vapor cloud explosion resulting from the release of the total contents 

of one tank to cause the catastrophic failure of an adjacent tank. Table A-1 indicates estimated 

separation distances based on this method. 

TABLE A-1
 

ESTIMATED SEPARATION DISTANCES FOR CONSIDERING NONINTERCONNECTED PROPANE TANKS AS SEPARATE PROCESSES
 

Tank Capacity (gal) Tank Confinement Estimated Separation 

Distance (ft) 

500 Partial - High 61 

500 Low 41 

1000 Partial - High 76 

1000 Low 51 

2000 Partial-High 96 

2000 Low 64 

The estimated separation distances in Table A-1 corresponding to “Partial - High” confinement are 

based on a TNT-equivalent yield factor of 10 percent. This is the same yield factor specified in the 

RMP rule for conducting flammable gas worst-case scenario modeling using TNT-equivalent methods 

(readers should note that the distances in Table A-1 are not intended as worst-case endpoint 

distances). This yield factor is appropriate for vapor cloud explosions occurring in areas with 

numerous obstructions, such as in pipe racks, between stacks of crates or pallets, or near other closely 

spaced structures1

. Table A-1 distances corresponding to “Low” confinement may be used if your 

propane tanks are located outdoors2 in relatively flat, open terrain with few structures nearby (these 

separation distances are based on a TNT-equivalent yield factor of 3%). Otherwise, the distances 

corresponding to “Partial-High” confinement should be used to give reasonably conservative 

separation distance estimates. 

1 Vapor cloud explosions occurring in congested or confined spaces are generally stronger due to higher flame speeds 

resulting from turbulence produced in unburned gases expanding ahead of the propagating flame front. 

2 NFPA-58 generally requires propane tanks to be located outside of buildings. 

February 24, 1999 
A-2
 

To determine whether adjacent, non-interconnected propane tanks constitute a single process, 

measure the linear distance between the tanks and compare it to the estimated separation distance in 

Table A-1 for tanks of that size and with that degree of confinement. Tanks that are separated by less 

than the estimated separation distance in Table A-1 should generally be considered a single process 

and their quantities added together to determine if the process exceeds the RMP threshold of 10,000 

pounds. Individual tanks of propane which are separated by at least the estimated separation distance 

in Table A-1 for tanks of that size and with that degree of confinement may generally be considered as 

separate processes and thus not subject to the RMP regulation. 

The distances provided in the Table above should be treated as estimates. Other methods of 

determining separation distances may provide more accurate estimates and you are free to use other 

reasonable methods if you choose. Also, the separation distances provided here should be considered 

in relation to any unique circumstances at your site, such as topography, the presence of structures and 

obstacles, the presence of blast-mitigation features, and other site-specific factors. For example, if 

engineered blast-barriers are located between tanks, or if your tanks are underground, smaller 

separation distances may be appropriate3

. On the other hand, topographical features, such as a 

depression between two tanks where heavier-than-air propane vapor might collect, may warrant the 

use of larger separation distances. Additionally, you should evaluate whether there are potential 

events other than vapor cloud explosions that could reasonably be expected to cause multiple tanks to 

fail, even at distances larger than those in Table A-1. EPA believes that for most properly designed 

outdoor propane installations, such events are extremely unlikely, and that separating tanks by at least 

the appropriate distance in Table A-1 is sufficient to establish separate processes. However, you 

should evaluate your own circumstances and maintain documentation to support your determination. 

Some readers of this guidance may conclude that it will be easier to re-locate one or more of their 

propane tanks to conform to the distances provided above rather than taking the steps necessary to 

comply with the regulation. This is certainly permitted, and in some cases may be an appropriate riskreduction measure. However, when taking such actions, you should be careful to maintain sufficient 

separation distances between your propane tanks and nearby buildings, roads, and public receptors. 

EPA recommends consulting NFPA-58 or other applicable codes or standards to identify such 

distances. 

3 NFPA-58 generally recommends against installing fire walls, fences, earth or concrete barriers, and other similar 

structures around or over non-refrigerated LP-gas containers. There are some exceptions. For example, the standard permits 

such structures to partially enclose LP-gas containers, if the structure is designed in accordance with a sound fire protection 

analysis. 

February 24, 1999 
APPENDIX B
 

RELEASE CALCULATIONS
 

February 24, 1999 
February 24, 1999 
APPENDIX B - RELEASE CALCULATIONS
 

The endpoints that can be considered for the alternative release scenario are explosion damage, 

radiant heat effect and lower flammability limit vapor concentration. Review these potential 

alternative scenarios and pick one or more that best describes a scenario that is more likely to occur 

than the worst-case scenario and that has an endpoint which is beyond your facility boundary. The 

following are possible alternative release scenarios that use a vapor cloud explosion and an 

overpressure of 1 psi. 

PULL-AWAY: (ACTIVE MITIGATION DEVICES PERFORM AS DESIGNED) 

An alternative scenario for a propane storage facility may be a hose rupture caused by a pull-away. A 

pull-away can occur if the driver fails to remove the hoses between the storage tank and the transfer 

vehicle (bobtail or transport) before moving the vehicle. In this case, the analysis considers the failure 

of a 25 foot length of unloading hose, 4" in diameter. The active mitigation devices are assumed to 

work as designed, limiting the release to the contents of the hose. 

Volume of hose = cross sectional area of hose x length of hose 

Volume of hose = % × (4 in / 2)2

 × 1 ft2 / 144 in2 × 25 ft = 2.182 ft3 

Wf = 2.182 ft3 × .504 × 62.37 pounds/ft3 = 68.59 pounds of propane 

There are three methods described in EPA's OCA that you can use to determine the distance to the 

endpoint for an alternative scenario. Two of those methods are used here as an example. 

PULL-AWAY EXPLOSION 

You can use equation C-1 from EPA's OCA to calculate the distance exposed to greater than 1 psi 

overpressure. This method results in a distance to endpoint of 175 feet and the endpoint is 1 psi 

overpressure. 

D = 17 ( 0.1 × Wf

 × HCf / HCTNT )a

Where, 

Wf is the weight of propane in kilograms in the vapor cloud, 

Hcf is the heat of combustion of propane from Appendix C of EPA's OCA, 

HcTNT is the heat of combustion of TNT from Appendix C of EPA's OCA, and 

D is the distance in meters from the explosion where overpressure exceeds 1 psi. 

D = 17 (.1 × Wf × 46333/4680)a = 17 (.1 × 68.6/2.2046 × 46333/4680)a = 53.29 meters = 

D = 174.8 feet 

If you use this scenario as your alternative release scenario, the distance to endpoint is 175 feet and 

the endpoint used is 1 psi overpressure. 

March 4, 1999 
B-2
 

PROCESS PIPING BREAKS 

Liquid propane pipe failures: 1⁄2", 1", 2", 3", 4" and 6". (Causes: liquid expansion [failure of 

hydrostatic valves], a pull-away [failure of breakaway devices4

], collision, corrosion.) For long pipes, 

where the length to diameter ratio is significantly greater than one, flashing (i.e., conversion of 

gaseous propane to liquid) in the discharge pipe results in a two-phase release. You can estimate the 

amount released from a line shear using the following equation: 

)

0.5 QR = 0.0853 × HA × F × L / [V ] gl × (T × Cp

Where: QR is the release rate in pounds per minute. 

HA is the cross-sectional area of the pipe in square inches. 

F is the frictional factor, which is 0.85 for pipe with a length to diameter ratio of 50. 

L is the heat of vaporization, which is 426,000 joules per kilogram for propane. 

Vgl is the specific volume of gas minus liquid in m3

/kg, which is 0.056 for propane. 

T is the temperature in Kelvins (assumed to be 298). 

Cp is the heat capacity, which is 2,400 joules/kilogram/Kelvin for propane. 

0.0853 is a units conversion factor. 

QR can be calculated using the values in the table below for HA. Now Q (the release quantity) can be 

calculated for a 10-minute release, and D (the distance to the endpoint in feet) can be calculated using 

equation C-1 from EPA’s OCA. Note that Q cannot be larger than the amount of propane contained 

in your storage tank (this should be considered especially for 6" pipes). 

For a 1" pipe: 

QR = 512.5 pounds per minute 

Q = QR × 10 minutes = 5,125 total pounds released (Q = Wf

) 

D = 17 ( 0.1 × Wf

 × HCf / HCTNT)

a = 17 × (0.1 × 5,125 / 2.2046 × 46333 / 4680)a = 224 

D = 224 meters = 735 feet = 0.1 mile 

If you use this scenario as your alternative release scenario, the distance to endpoint is 735 feet (or 

about 0.1 mile) and the endpoint used is 1 psi overpressure. 

4 See NFPA 58, 1998 Edition, Section 3-9.4.2. A breakaway device is used when dispensing LPG. It is designed so that the 

breakaway device fails (instead of the piping or hose) allowing other safety devices to retain the fuel and limit the spill. Failure of the breakaway 

device means that the breakage occurs somewhere else rather than at the breakaway device during a pull away, thus negating the effectiveness 

of some or all of the other safety devices. 

March 4, 1999 
B-3 

TABLE B-1
 

POTENTIAL DISTANCES TO ENDPOINT FOR PIPE RELEASES
 

(for 1 psi Overpressure)
 

Pipe Size (inches) HA (inches2) QR 

(pounds/minute) 

Q Total Amount 

Released after 10 

minutes (pounds) 

D (Miles) 

0.50 0.20 128 1,281 0.1 

1 0.79 512 5,125 0.1 

2 3.14 2,050 20,499 0.2 

3 7.07 4,612 46,122 0.3 

4 12.57 8,199 81,995 0.4 

6 28.27 18,449 184,488 0.5 

OVERFILL STORAGE TANK - RELIEF VALVE LIFTS 

A safety relief valve lifts (causes: overpressure or overfilling [failure of your level indicator and 

administrative procedures]). 

A four-valve multiport relief valve has a flow capacity of 27,750 SCFM/Air at 300 psi with three of 

the four valves lifting. Estimate the amount of propane discharged from one port over 5 minutes and 

the distance to endpoint if the vapor cloud finds a source of ignition and explodes. The density of air 

is 12.39 ft3

/lb and the density of propane is 8.66 ft3/lb. To convert SCFM (air) to SCFM (propane) multiply 

by 0.808. 

The release rate from one port is 27,950 SCFM (air)/ 3 = 9,250 SCFM (air) 

Q(propane) = Q(air) × 0.808 / 8.66 ft3

/lb = 863 lbs/min × 5 min = 4,315lbs = 1957.4 kg 

D = 17 ( 0.10 × 1957.4 × 46,333/4680)a = 211.9 meters × 3.281 ft/meter = 695.2ft / 5280ft/mile = 

0.13 miles. 

March 4, 1999 
B-4 

TABLE B-2
 

RELIEF VALVE DISCHARGES (FOR 1 PSI OVERPRESSURE)
 

Relief Valve Size 

(inches) 

Capacity 

SCFM of 

Air 

Release Rate 

(lbs/min) 

Propane 

Duration 

(min) 

Amount 

Released 

(lbs) 

Distance to 

Endpoint 

(Miles) 

Multiport 21⁄2" 9,250 863 5 4,315 0.1 

Dual Port 11⁄4" 5,250 490 5 2,449 0.08 

21⁄2" 10,390 969 5 4,847 0.1 

11⁄2" 6,080 567 5 2,836 0.1 

11⁄4" 5,280 492 5 2,463 0.1 

1 " 3,340 312 5 1,558 0.09 

March 4, 1999 
APPENDIX C
 

CHECKLISTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS
 

March 4, 1999 
March 4, 1999 
 PROCESS SAFETY INFORMATION
 

Process Safety Information Worksheet: Propane Storage 

Item Description 

MSDS Propane 

Maximum Intended Inventory 

Nominal Water Capacity of Largest 

Tank 

Temperature Upper: 

Lower: 

Pressure Upper: 

Lower: 

Flow Rate Loading: 

Unloading: 

Vapor Piping 

Liquid Piping 

Safety Relief Valves 

RV1 

RV2 

RV3 

RV4 

Internal Valve 

Excess Flow Valve 

EFV1 

EFV2 

EFV3 

EFV4 

Emergency Shutoff Valve 

ESV1 

ESV2 

March 4, 1999 
 

 

 

C-2
 

Item Description 

Hydrostatic Relief Valve 

HSV1 

HSV2 

HSV3 

HSV4 

HSV5 

HSV6 

Pump 1 

Pump 2 

Compressor 1 

Compressor 2 

Vaporizer Type: Sz. Flow: 

Strainer 

Check valves 

Sightflow Indicator 

Tank Level Indicator 

Tank Temperature Indicator 

Tank Pressure Indicators 

Other Temperature Indicators 

Other Pressure Indicators 

Design Codes 

State or Local Codes 

Piping Design 

Tank Design ASME NB# State ID# 

Vaporizer Design ASME NB# State ID# 

Date of Most Recent Revision Revised By: 

March 4, 1999 
C-3
 

March 4, 1999 
C-4 

PROPANE STORAGE FACILITY CHECKLIST5,6 

Answer the questions below by indicating "Yes", "No" or "N/A" (for not applicable). "No" responses 

require further comment and a projected completion date for correcting the deficiency. 

Siting Yes/No/NA Comments 

1. Does the arrangement of your fixed storage tanks conform 

with the minimum distances allowed in Table 3-2.2.2 of 

NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

2. Are your fixed storage tanks separated from any oxygen or 

hydrogen storage by the minimum distances given in Table 

3-2.2.7(f) of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

3. Are your transfer points separated from the exposure 

points by the minimum distances given in Table 3-2.3.3 of 

NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

Piping, Equipment & Container Appurtenances Yes/No/NA Comments 

1. Is your storage facility designed according to ASME 

code for pressure vessels? 

 Fixed Storage Tanks ASME?

 Vaporizers ASME? 

2. Is the pressure rating of your storage tanks appropriate for 

the product in service?

 Storage Tanks?

 Vaporizers? 

3. Is the stored product properly identified? 

4. On installations with multiple tanks, are the elevations of 

your storage tanks arranged to prevent unintentional 

overfilling of the lowest container? 

5 Completing the Propane Storage Facility Hazard Review Checklist does not guarantee that your facility is in complete compliance 

with NFPA 58, 1998 Edition. 

6 The Propane Storage Facility Hazard Review Checklist is based on NFPA 58, 1998 Edition. Over the years, various changes 

in NFPA 58 have been made to reduce the probability of a propane release. You should carefully review any change to NFPA 58 since your 

facility was constructed and consider appropriate changes to ensure the safety of your facility. Document the actions that you take. You should 

be ready to explain any differences between the version of NFPA 58 that you used to construct your facility and the current version. 

March 4, 1999 
C-5
 

Piping, Equipment & Container Appurtenances Yes/No/NA Comments 

5. On installations with stairways or ladders, are they well 

anchored, supported and of slip proof construction? 

6. On installations with stairways or ladders, are railings 

provided and in good condition? 

7. On installations with stairways or ladders, are catwalks 

provided so personnel need not walk on any portion of 

the container? 

8. Is your piping designed according to NFPA 58, 1998 

Edition, Section 3-2.10? 

Are your pump and compressor discharge and liquid 

transfer lines suitable for a working pressure of 350 psi? 

Is your vapor piping suitable for a working pressure of 

250 psi?

 On installations with vaporizers, are your vaporizers 

 designed according to 2-5.4.2 or 2-5.4.3 or 2-5.4.4 and 

 2-5.4.5 or 2-5.4.6 or 2-5.4.7 of NFPA 58, 1998 

Edition? 

9. Is the relief capacity of your pressure relief devices: 

 For fixed storage tanks, designed according to Sections 2­

3.2 and 3-2.5 or 3-2.6 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition?

 On installation with vaporizers, are your vaporizers 

 designed according to 2-5.4.5 or 2-5.4.6 or 2-5.4.7 of 

 NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

10. Is the capacity of your pressure relief devices designed 

according to 2-3.2 and 3-2.5 or 3-2.6 of NFPA 58, 1998 

Edition? 

Have your relief devices been tested or replaced every ten 

years according to the good practice recommended by 

Section E-2.3.2 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

11. Do you have appropriate level gauges, temperature 

indicators, and pressure gauges installed on your fixed 

ASME storage tanks as specified in 2-3.3.2(b), 2-3.3.3, 

2.3.4, 2.3.5 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

March 4, 1999 
C-6
 

Piping, Equipment & Container Appurtenances Yes/No/NA Comments 

12. Do you have the appropriate hydrostatic relief valves 

installed between every section of liquid piping which 

can be blocked by manual or automatic valves according 

to 2-4.7 and 3-2.11 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

13. Do you have the appropriate corrosion protection 

required by 3-2.14 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

14. On installations with pumps, are they installed according 

to 3-2.15.1 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

On installations with automatic bypass valves, are they 

installed on the discharge of your pump according to 

3.2.15(b)1 and 2-5.2 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

15. On installations with compressors, are they installed 

according to 2-5.3 and 3-2.15.2 of NFPA 58, 1998 

Edition? 

On installations with compressors, is there either an 

integral means of preventing liquid from entering the 

compressor or a liquid suction protection trap according 

to 3-2.15.2(b) of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

16. Do your compressor and pump motors conform with 2­

5.1.4 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

17. On installations with liquid strainers, are they installed on 

the suction of your pump or meter according to 3-2.15.3 

and 2-5.5 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition and capable of being 

cleaned? 

18. On installations with flexible connections on pumps, 

compressors or loading and unloading bulkheads, are they 

installed as specified by 2-4.6 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

19. Do you have either excess flow valves, backflow check 

valves or internal valves as specified by 2-3.3.3 and 3­

3.3.7 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

20. Do you have container appurtenance protection as 

specified in 2-3.7 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

21. Do you have manual valves and emergency shutoff valves 

as required by 2-4.5.4, 3-2.10.11, 3-3.3.7 and 3-3.3.8 of 

NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

March 4, 1999 
C-7
 

Piping, Equipment & Container Appurtenances Yes/No/NA Comments 

22. On installations with vaporizing equipment, is it installed 

according to 2-5.4 and 3-6 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

Have the liquid traps, temperature controls, and 

interlocks been tested per the manufacturer’s guidelines? 

23. On installations with regulators, are they installed 

according to 2-5.7 and 3-2.7 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

24. Do you have a breakaway stanchion as required by 3­

9.4.2 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

25. On installations with swivel-type piping, are they 

installed as specified by 3-2.10.11(a) of NFPA 58, 1998 

Edition? 

26. Are all above ground lines securely fastened to structural 

members of adequate strength and supported at proper 

intervals? 

27. Are pressure gauges located so that they will not be 

exposed to physical damage? 

28. Are there sufficient lines for all purposes, without 

improper dual use or make-shift connections being used 

for some operations? 

29. Are hoses the correct type for each use? 

30. Are hose couplings of the correct type and properly 

attached (fully seated on the hose)? 

31. Is adequate transfer hose storage provided? 

32. Are the written transfer, loading & unloading instructions 

available (see § 68.52 of this model program)? 

Human Factors Yes/No/NA Comments 

1. Have your operators been trained on the written operating 

instructions for this propane storage facility (see § 68.54 

of this model program)? 

2. For operators on the job on or before June 21, 1999, do 

they have the required knowledge, skills and ability to 

perform their duties safely? 

March 4, 1999 
C-8
 

Human Factors Yes/No/NA Comments 

3. Are your operators whose job duties require the use of 

the above listed equipment understand the operating 

limits of the system in regards to: 

Capacity? 

Pressure? 

Temperature? 

Adverse Weather or Natural Conditions? 

4. Have your operators been trained in the correct response 

to conditions which exceed the operating limits of the 

system? 

5. Have your operators been trained in their duties for 

emergency conditions? 

Fire? 

LP Gas Release? 

Severe Weather or Natural Conditions? 

6. Are the written operating instructions available to the 

operators (see § 68.52 of this model program)? 

7. Do the written operating instructions reflect current 

operation of the facility (see § 68.52 of this model 

program)? 

8. Have major modifications to your propane storage facility 

taken place (see § 68.48 of this model program)? 

9. Are contractors used at the facility? 

10. Are safe work practices such as lock/tag, hot work and 

line opening followed at the facility? 

March 4, 1999 
C-9
 

Human Factors Yes/No/NA Comments 

11. Is there a written emergency response plan (see Subpart E 

of this model program)? 

Is it current? 

Have your operators been trained? 

Do you provide emergency response equipment? 

Has it been checked? 

General Hazards Yes/No/NA Comments 

1. Does your propane storage facility have protection 

against tampering as specified in under 3-3.6 of NFPA 

58, 1998 Edition? 

2. Does your propane storage facility have lighting as 

specified in 3-3.7 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

3. Is the area around your containers and transfer piping free 

of all combustible material? 

4. Has a fire safety analysis been performed for your 

propane storage facility as suggested by 3-10.2.2 and 3­

10.2.3 of NFPA 58, 1998 Edition? 

5. Has your fire safety analysis been reviewed by your local 

fire authority? 

6. Has your facility been required by your local fire 

authority to provide special protection? 

Fixed Water Sprays/Monitor Nozzles? 

Insulating Coatings? 

Mounding/Burial? 

Other types? 

7. Has a federal, state or local agency or fire authority 

required: 

Local Gas Detection Monitors? 

Perimeter Gas Monitors and Public Alarms? 

This Hazard Review was Completed by: On (Date): 

The latest date by which all changes resulting from the process hazard review are expected 

March 4, 1999 
 

C-10 

to be completed is . .

 Date 

OPERATING PROCEDURES REQUIREMENTS 

Procedure 

Requirement 

NPGA Certified Employee 

Training Program 

(CETP) 

NPGA Bulletin 

(1) Initial Startup: Distribution 

Systems 

Operations 

“Preparing Propane Storage 

Containers for Installation.” 

Distribution 

Systems 

Operations 

“Identifying Procedures Used to 

Pressure Test and Leak Check 

New Propane Distribution 

Systems.” 

(2) Normal Operations: Transfer Systems “Identifying Propane Pumps and 

their Operation.” 

Transfer Systems “Identifying Parts and Devices 

Basic to Compressors.” 

Plant Operations “Filling Propane Storage 

Containers.” 

Plant Operations “Unloading a Propane 

Transport.” 

Plant Operations “Unloading a Propane Tank 

Car.” 

Propane Delivery “Filling Cargo Tanks on Bulk 

Delivery Vehicles.” 

(3) Temporary 

Operations: 

Plant Operations “Removing Propane from 

Stationary ASME Tanks and 

DOT Cylinders.” 

(4) Emergency Shutdown 

and Operation: 

200-89 How to Control LP-Gas 

Leaks & Fires 

202-81 What you should do in 

case of accidents 

involving LP-Gas 

202-93 Steps to Take in the Event 

of an Accident Involving 

Propane 

204-88 How to Handle LP-Gas 

Fires with Portable Fire 

Extinguisher 

206-91 Emergency Response 

Guidelines 

March 4, 1999 
C-11
 

Procedure 

Requirement 

NPGA Certified Employee 

Training Program 

(CETP) 

NPGA Bulletin 

207-94 Guidelines for Developing 

Plant Emergency 

Procedures 

211-91 LP-Gas Fire Control and 

HAZ MAT Training 

Guide 

(5) Normal (Manual) 

Shutdown: 

(6) Startup following a 

normal or emergency 

shutdown or a major 

change that requires 

a hazard review: See 

item (1) above. 

(7) Consequences of 

deviations and steps 

required to correct or 

avoid deviations. 

(8) Equipment 

inspections. 

March 4, 1999 
C-12 

 MAINTENANCE TRAINING 

Module Certified Employee Training Program (CETP) 

Basic Principles Identifying the Proper Use of Personal Protective Equipment 

Basic Principles Identifying the Proper Use of Tools and Equipment 

Basic Principles Identifying by Sight Hand Tools Commonly Used by Service Technicians 

Basic Principles Identifying Pipe/Tube, Pipe/ Fittings, and Associated Tools 

Transfer Systems 

Operations 

Identifying Propane Pumps and Their Operation 

Transfer Systems 

Operations 

Identifying the Standards for Sizing, Installing and Inspecting Pump Protective 

Devices 

Transfer Systems 

Operations 

Troubleshooting Propane Pumps and Metered Delivery Systems 

Transfer Systems 

Operations 

Identifying Parts and Devices Basic to Compressors 

Transfer Systems 

Operations 

Maintaining and Troubleshooting Compressors 

Distribution Systems Identifying the Operating Characteristics of Propane Vapor Regulators and 

Metering Systems 

Distribution Systems Installing Propane Vapor Regulating and Metering Systems 

Distribution Systems Sizing Pipe for Use in Low Pressure Propane Distribution Systems 

Distribution Systems Identifying Steel/Wrought Iron Piping Materials and Installing Procedures 

Distribution Systems Identifying Tubing Materials and Installing Procedures 

Distribution Systems Identifying and Sizing Vaporizer Systems 

Distribution Systems Sizing Propane Liquid Piping Systems 

Distribution Systems Identifying Installing and Servicing Procedures for Vaporizer Systems 

Plant Operations Identifying the Operating Characteristics of Pressure Relief Valves 

Plant Operations Identifying and Installing Gauges in Propane Storage Containers 

Plant Operations Identifying the Operating Characteristics of Check Valves 

Plant Operations Identifying the Operating Characteristics of Service Valves 

Plant Operations Installing Valves in Propane 

Plant Operations Inspecting Servicing and Maintaining Container Valves 

March 4, 1999 
C-13
 

Module Certified Employee Training Program (CETP) 

Transfer Systems 

Operations 

Identifying the Operation and Maintenance of Withdrawal Valves 

Transfer Systems 

Operation 

Identifying the Operation and Maintenance of Bulkheads and Emergency Shutoff 

Valves (ESVs) 

Distribution Systems 

Operations 

Installing Propane Liquid Distribution and Vaporizer Systems 

Transfer Systems 

Operation 

Identifying the Operation and Maintenance of Hoses, Hose End Valves, and Hose 

Reels 

Distribution Systems 

Operations 

Identifying the Causes of Corrosion on Metal Surfaces 

Distribution Systems 

Operations 

Identifying Methods and Procedures Used to Protect Metal Structures from 

Corrosion 

Distribution Systems 

Operations 

Identifying Procedures Basic to Installing Anodes and Testing Cathodic Protection 

Systems 

Distribution Systems 

Operations 

Identifying Procedures Used to Pressure Test and Leak Check New Propane 

Distribution Systems 

March 4, 1999 
C-14 

MAINTENANCE INSPECTION CHECKLIST AND TESTS FOR PROPANE STORAGE
 

FACILITIES
 

I. Construction Code Compliance Yes No and Comment 

a) Check manufacturer’s data plate. Is it securely attached 

and legible? 

For each fixed storage vessel? 

On installations with vaporizers, for each vaporizer? 

b) Are the data plate(s) free of corrosion? 

II. Conditions of Container(s) and Vaporizer(s) and Paint Yes No and Comment 

a) Are above-ground containers properly painted? 

Fixed storage tanks? 

On installations with vaporizers, the vaporizers? 

b) Are containers and vaporizers free of corrosion damage, 

dents, gouges, or other damage? 

III. Foundations Yes No and Comment 

a) Are foundations in good condition? 

b) Are footings free of settling which might cause 

misalignment or piping strain? 

c) Are containers and vaporizers free of corrosion at masonry 

contact area? 

d) Are saddle pads in good condition? 

IV. Container Connections Yes No and Comment 

a) Have excess flow and back flow check valves been recently 

checked for proper operation? 

V. Tank Fittings Yes No and Comment 

a) Are all ACME (or other type) connectors in good condition 

with good gaskets and are they plugged or capped? (See 

NPGA Bulletin #134 “Care and Inspection of ACME 

Threaded Hose Couplings.”) 

b) Are all unused openings plugged or capped? 

c) Are all fittings and hoses leak free? 

March 4, 1999 
C-15
 

a) Check manufacturer’s data plate. Is it securely attached 

and legible? 

For each fixed storage vessel? 

On installations with vaporizers, for each vaporizer? 

b) Are the data plate(s) free of corrosion? 

d) Are all hoses marked "for LP-Gas service" with a pressure 

rating of 350 psig (see NPGA Bulletins # 107-91 and #121­

89)? 

e) Are all hoses properly secured, protected, and in 

serviceable condition and are dust caps on delivery hoses 

when not in use? 

f) Are all hoses free from cuts or abrasions that expose the 

reinforcing fabric and free from soft spots or bulges when 

under pressure and without kinks, dents or flat spots? 

VI. Gauges Yes No and Comment 

a) Are pressure gauges in good condition and are they suitable 

for 250 psig service (such as 0-400 psig)? 

b) Are thermometers in good condition and checked for 

accuracy? 

c) On installations with vaporizers having temperature 

controls, are they in good condition and have they been 

tested in accordance with manufacturer’s 

recommendations? 

d) Are liquid level gauging devices approved for the service 

involved and in good condition? 

e) On installations with vaporizers having level control 

devices, are they in good condition and have they been 

tested in accordance with manufacturer’s 

recommendations? 

VII. Pressure Relief Valves Yes No and Comment 

a) Is the relief valve data plate legible? 

b) Do relief valves or vent stacks have protective caps or 

closures to prevent entry of foreign matter? 

c) Are weep holes for moisture drainage open and is gas 

impingement on the container avoided? 

March 4, 1999 
C-16
 

a) Check manufacturer’s data plate. Is it securely attached 

and legible? 

For each fixed storage vessel? 

On installations with vaporizers, for each vaporizer? 

b) Are the data plate(s) free of corrosion? 

d) Have the relief valves on containers larger than 2000 

gallons and on vaporizers been tested or replaced within the 

last 10 years as per NFPA 58, 1998 Edition 

recommendation in E-2.3.2? 

e) Does external visual inspection of the relief valve discharge 

indicate no corrosion or obstruction? 

VIII. Emergency Shut-off Valves Yes No and Comments 

a) Are valves in good condition and do they shutoff tightly? 

b) Does the emergency shutoff control system function 

properly? 

c) Are the remote shutoff controls installed in an accessible 

area away from the transfer area? 

d) Are the shutoff controls clearly identified? 

e) On installations with vaporizers having automatic shutoff 

controls, are they accessible, identified and been tested 

according to manufacturer’s recommendations? 

f) Are the emergency shutoff valves and manual transfer 

valves on your loading or unloading stations protected from 

pull away damage by a break-away-stanchion. 

IX. Presence of Combustibles Yes No and Comments 

a) Is the area within 10 ft. of the container(s) and vaporizers 

free of weeds, long grass, rags, paper, wood or other 

combustible debris? 

X. Pipe (for Fixed Storage Tanks and Vaporizers) Yes No and Comments 

a) Are all connections tight? 

b) Are there sufficient lines for all purposes, without dual use, 

or are make-shift connections being used for some 

purposes? 

c) Are connections labeled “liquid” or “vapor”? 

March 4, 1999 
C-17
 

a) Check manufacturer’s data plate. Is it securely attached 

and legible? 

For each fixed storage vessel? 

On installations with vaporizers, for each vaporizer? 

b) Are the data plate(s) free of corrosion? 

d) Are there visible signs of exterior corrosion? 

XI. Valves (for Fixed Storage Tanks and Vaporizers) Yes No and Comments 

a) Are valves in good working order? 

b) Do seats shut off tightly? 

c) Is packing free of leaks? 

d) Are necessary valve handles available at the valve location? 

XII. Hydrostatic Relief Valves (for Fixed Storage Tanks and 

Vaporizers) 

Yes No and Comments 

a) Are the valves in good working order and not leaking? 

b) Are the valves fitted with protective caps? 

c) Are the valve discharges positioned to avoid impinging gas 

on the tank? 

XII. Transfer Areas Yes No and Comments 

a) Are hoses in good condition and free of deterioration, wear, 

and blisters? See NPGA Bulletin #114 “Guide to Hose 

Inspection.” 

b) Are hoses capped or plugged when not is use? 

c) Are hose couplings properly attached and fully seated on 

the hose? 

d) Are hose couplings worn or damaged? 

e) Are coupling gaskets in good condition? 

f) Are correct coupling wrenches available? 

g) Are excess flow valves operating correctly? 

h) Are the loading and unloading risers protected from traffic? 

I) Are chock blocks provided for rail cars? 

j) Have your fire extinguishers been tested and/or serviced? 

March 4, 1999 
C-18
 

a) Check manufacturer’s data plate. Is it securely attached 

and legible? 

For each fixed storage vessel? 

On installations with vaporizers, for each vaporizer? 

b) Are the data plate(s) free of corrosion? 

k) Is adequate transfer hose storage available? 

m) Are the written transfer instructions readily available? 

XIV. Pumps and Compressors Yes No and Comments 

a) Are the shafts free of leaks? 

b) Are pumps equipped with a spring loaded by-pass valve 

where required? 

c) Is the by-pass valve functioning properly? 

d) Are drive belts or couplings protected by suitable guards? 

e) Is the compressor crank case oil at the proper level? 

XV. Electrical Equipment Yes No and Comments 

a) Do all switches, etc. function properly? 

b) Are all housings properly assembled to maintain seal? 

Inspected By: Inspection Date: 

These procedures were last reviewed or inspected by: Date: 

Name (signature) 

Piece of Equipment Inspected: Most Recent 

Date: 

March 4, 1999 
PART 68—CHEMICAL ACCIDENT


PREVENTION PROVISIONS


Subpart A—General 

Sec. 

68.1 Scope. 

68.2 Stayed provisions. 

68.3 Definitions. 

68.10 Applicability. 

68.12 General requirements. 

68.15 Management. 

Subpart B—Hazard Assessment 

68.20 Applicability. 

68.22	 Offsite consequence analysis parameters. 

68.25 Worst-case release scenario analysis. 

68.28 Alternative release scenario analysis. 

68.30 Defining offsite impacts—population. 

68.33	 Defining offsite impacts—environment. 

68.36 Review and update. 

68.39 Documentation. 

68.42 Five-year accident history. 

Subpart C—Program 2 Prevention Program 

68.48 Safety information. 

68.50 Hazard review. 

68.52 Operating procedures. 

68.54 Training. 

68.56 Maintenance. 

68.58 Compliance audits. 

68.60 Incident investigation. 

Subpart D—Program 3 Prevention Program 

68.65 Process safety information. 

68.67 Process hazard analysis. 

68.69 Operating procedures. 

68.71 Training. 

68.73 Mechanical integrity. 

68.75 Management of change. 

68.77 Pre-startup review. 

68.79 Compliance audits. 

68.81 Incident investigation. 

68.83 Employee participation. 

68.85 Hot work permit. 

68.87 Contractors. 

Subpart E—Emergency Response 

68.90 Applicability. 

68.95 Emergency response program. 

Subpart F—Regulated Substances for


Accidental Release Prevention


68.100 Purpose. 

68.115 Threshold determination. 

68.120 Petition process. 

68.125 Exemptions. 

68.130 List of substances. 

Subpart G—Risk Management Plan 

68.150 Submission. 

68.151	 Assertion of claims of confidential 

business information. 

68.152	 Substantiating claims of confidential 

business information. 

68.155 Executive summary. 

68.160 Registration. 

68.165 Offsite consequence analysis. 

68.168 Five-year accident history. 

68.170 Prevention program/Program 2. 

68.175 Prevention program/Program 3. 

68.180 Emergency response program. 

68.185 Certification. 

68.190 Updates. 

Subpart H—Other Requirements 

68.200 Recordkeeping. 

68.210	 Availability of information to the 

public. 

68.215	 Permit content and air permitting 

authority or designated agency requirements. 

68.220 Audits. 

APPENDIX A TO PART 68—TABLE OF TOXIC 

ENDPOINTS 

AUTHORITY: 42 U.S.C. 7412(r), 7601(a)(1), 

7661–7661f. 

SOURCE: 59 FR 4493, Jan. 31, 1994, unless 

otherwise noted. 

Subpart A—General 

§ 68.1 Scope. 

This part sets forth the list of regulated substances and thresholds, the 

petition process for adding or deleting 

substances to the list of regulated substances, the requirements for owners or 

operators of stationary sources concerning the prevention of accidental 

releases, and the State accidental release prevention programs approved 

under section 112(r). The list of substances, threshold quantities, and accident prevention regulations promulgated under this part do not limit in 

any way the general duty provisions 

under section 112(r)(1). 

§ 68.2 Stayed provisions. 

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, the effectiveness of 

the following provisions is stayed from 

March 2, 1994 to December 22, 1997. 

(1) In Sec. 68.3, the definition of ‘‘stationary source,’’ to the extent that 

such definition includes naturally occurring hydrocarbon reservoirs or 

transportation subject to oversight or 

1

§ 68.3 

regulation under a state natural gas or 

hazardous liquid program for which the 

state has in effect a certification to 

DOT under 49 U.S.C. 60105; 

(2) Section 68.115(b)(2) of this part, to 

the extent that such provision requires 

an owner or operator to treat as a regulated flammable substance: 

(i) Gasoline, when in distribution or 

related storage for use as fuel for internal combustion engines; 

(ii) Naturally occurring hydrocarbon 

mixtures prior to entry into a petroleum refining process unit or a natural 

gas processing plant. Naturally occurring hydrocarbon mixtures include any 

of the following: condensate, crude oil, 

field gas, and produced water, each as 

defined in paragraph (b) of this section; 

(iii) Other mixtures that contain a 

regulated flammable substance and 

that do not have a National Fire Protection Association flammability hazard rating of 4, the definition of which 

is in the NFPA 704, Standard System 

for the Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1990, 

available from the National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch 

Park, Quincy, MA 02269–9101; and 

(3) Section 68.130(a). 

(b) From March 2, 1994 to December 

22, 1997, the following definitions shall 

apply to the stayed provisions described in paragraph (a) of this section: 

Condensate means hydrocarbon liquid 

separated from natural gas that condenses because of changes in temperature, pressure, or both, and remains 

liquid at standard conditions. 

Crude oil means any naturally occurring, unrefined petroleum liquid. 

Field gas means gas extracted from a 

production well before the gas enters a 

natural gas processing plant. 

Natural gas processing plant means 

any processing site engaged in the extraction of natural gas liquids from 

field gas, fractionation of natural gas 

liquids to natural gas products, or 

both. A separator, dehydration unit, 

heater treater, sweetening unit, compressor, or similar equipment shall not 

be considered a ‘‘processing site’’ unless such equipment is physically located within a natural gas processing 

plant (gas plant) site. 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

Petroleum refining process unit means 

a process unit used in an establishment 

primarily engaged in petroleum refining as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification code for petroleum 

refining (2911) and used for the following: Producing transportation fuels 

(such as gasoline, diesel fuels, and jet 

fuels), heating fuels (such as kerosene, 

fuel gas distillate, and fuel oils), or lubricants; separating petroleum; or separating, cracking, reacting, or reforming intermediate petroleum streams. 

Examples of such units include, but are 

not limited to, petroleum based solvent 

units, alkylation units, catalytic 

hydrotreating, catalytic hydrorefining, 

catalytic hydrocracking, catalytic reforming, catalytic cracking, crude distillation, lube oil processing, hydrogen 

production, isomerization, polymerization, thermal processes, and blending, 

sweetening, and treating processes. Petroleum refining process units include 

sulfur plants. 

Produced water means water extracted from the earth from an oil or 

natural gas production well, or that is 

separated from oil or natural gas after 

extraction. 

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, the effectiveness of 

part 68 is stayed from June 21, 1999 to 

December 21, 1999 with respect to regulated flammable hydrocarbon substances when the substance is intended 

for use as a fuel and does not exceed 

67,000 pounds in a process that is not 

manufacturing the fuel, does not contain greater than a threshold quantity 

of another regulated substance, and is 

not collocated or interconnected to another covered process. 

[59 FR 4493, Jan. 31, 1994, as amended at 61 

FR 31731, June 20, 1996; 64 FR 29170, May 28, 

1999] 

§ 68.3 Definitions. 

For the purposes of this part: 

Accidental release means an unanticipated emission of a regulated substance or other extremely hazardous 

substance into the ambient air from a 

stationary source. 

Act means the Clean Air Act as 

amended (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) 

Administrative controls mean written 

procedural mechanisms used for hazard 

control. 

2

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

Administrator means the administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

AIChE/CCPS means the American Institute of Chemical Engineers/Center 

for Chemical Process Safety. 

API means the American Petroleum 

Institute. 

Article means a manufactured item, 

as defined under 29 CFR 1910.1200(b), 

that is formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture, that has end 

use functions dependent in whole or in 

part upon the shape or design during 

end use, and that does not release or 

otherwise result in exposure to a regulated substance under normal conditions of processing and use. 

ASME means the American Society 

of Mechanical Engineers. 

CAS means the Chemical Abstracts 

Service. 

Catastrophic release means a major 

uncontrolled emission, fire, or explosion, involving one or more regulated 

substances that presents imminent and 

substantial endangerment to public 

health and the environment. 

Classified information means ‘‘classified information’’ as defined in the 

Classified Information Procedures Act, 

18 U.S.C. App. 3, section 1(a) as ‘‘any 

information or material that has been 

determined by the United States Government pursuant to an executive 

order, statute, or regulation, to require 

protection against unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national security.’’ 

Condensate means hydrocarbon liquid 

separated from natural gas that condenses due to changes in temperature, 

pressure, or both, and remains liquid at 

standard conditions. 

Covered process means a process that 

has a regulated substance present in 

more than a threshold quantity as determined under § 68.115. 

Crude oil means any naturally occurring, unrefined petroleum liquid. 

Designated agency means the state, 

local, or Federal agency designated by 

the state under the provisions of 

§ 68.215(d) . 

DOT means the United States Department of Transportation. 

Environmental receptor means natural 

areas such as national or state parks, 

forests, or monuments; officially designated wildlife sanctuaries, preserves, 

§ 68.3 

refuges, or areas; and Federal wilderness areas, that could be exposed at 

any time to toxic concentrations, radiant heat, or overpressure greater than 

or equal to the endpoints provided in 

§ 68.22(a) , as a result of an accidental 

release and that can be identified on 

local U. S. Geological Survey maps. 

Field gas means gas extracted from a 

production well before the gas enters a 

natural gas processing plant. 

Hot work means work involving electric or gas welding, cutting, brazing, or 

similar flame or spark-producing operations. 

Implementing agency means the state 

or local agency that obtains delegation 

for an accidental release prevention 

program under subpart E, 40 CFR part 

63. The implementing agency may, but 

is not required to, be the state or local 

air permitting agency. If no state or 

local agency is granted delegation, 

EPA will be the implementing agency 

for that state. 

Injury means any effect on a human 

that results either from direct exposure to toxic concentrations; radiant 

heat; or overpressures from accidental 

releases or from the direct consequences of a vapor cloud explosion 

(such as flying glass, debris, and other 

projectiles) from an accidental release 

and that requires medical treatment or 

hospitalization. 

Major change means introduction of a 

new process, process equipment, or regulated substance, an alteration of process chemistry that results in any 

change to safe operating limits, or 

other alteration that introduces a new 

hazard. 

Mechanical integrity means the process of ensuring that process equipment 

is fabricated from the proper materials 

of construction and is properly installed, maintained, and replaced to 

prevent failures and accidental releases. 

Medical treatment means treatment, 

other than first aid, administered by a 

physician or registered professional 

personnel under standing orders from a 

physician. 

Mitigation or mitigation system means 

specific activities, technologies, or 

equipment designed or deployed to capture or control substances upon loss of 

containment to minimize exposure of 

3

§ 68.3 

the public or the environment. Passive 

mitigation means equipment, devices, 

or technologies that function without 

human, mechanical, or other energy 

input. Active mitigation means equipment, devices, or technologies that 

need human, mechanical, or other energy input to function. 

NAICS means North American Industry Classification System. 

NFPA means the National Fire Protection Association. 

Natural gas processing plant (gas plant) 

means any processing site engaged in 

the extraction of natural gas liquids 

from field gas, fractionation of mixed 

natural gas liquids to natural gas products, or both, classified as North American Industrial Classification System 

(NAICS) code 211112 (previously Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 

1321). 

Offsite means areas beyond the property boundary of the stationary source, 

and areas within the property boundary to which the public has routine and 

unrestricted access during or outside 

business hours. 

OSHA means the U.S. Occupational 

Safety and Health Administration. 

Owner or operator means any person 

who owns, leases, operates, controls, or 

supervises a stationary source. 

Petroleum refining process unit means 

a process unit used in an establishment 

primarily engaged in petroleum refining as defined in NAICS code 32411 for 

petroleum refining (formerly SIC code 

2911) and used for the following: Producing transportation fuels (such as 

gasoline, diesel fuels, and jet fuels), 

heating fuels (such as kerosene, fuel 

gas distillate, and fuel oils), or lubricants; Separating petroleum; or Separating, cracking, reacting, or reforming intermediate petroleum streams. 

Examples of such units include, but are 

not limited to, petroleum based solvent 

units, alkylation units, catalytic 

hydrotreating, catalytic hydrorefining, 

catalytic hydrocracking, catalytic reforming, catalytic cracking, crude distillation, lube oil processing, hydrogen 

production, isomerization, polymerization, thermal processes, and blending, 

sweetening, and treating processes. Petroleum refining process units include 

sulfur plants. 

Population means the public. 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

Process means any activity involving 

a regulated substance including any 

use, storage, manufacturing, handling, 

or on-site movement of such substances, or combination of these activities. For the purposes of this definition, any group of vessels that are 

interconnected, or separate vessels 

that are located such that a regulated 

substance could be involved in a potential release, shall be considered a single process. 

Produced water means water extracted from the earth from an oil or 

natural gas production well, or that is 

separated from oil or natural gas after 

extraction. 

Public means any person except employees or contractors at the stationary source. 

Public receptor means offsite residences, institutions (e.g., schools, hospitals), industrial, commercial, and office buildings, parks, or recreational 

areas inhabited or occupied by the public at any time without restriction by 

the stationary source where members 

of the public could be exposed to toxic 

concentrations, radiant heat, or overpressure, as a result of an accidental 

release. 

Regulated substance is any substance 

listed pursuant to section 112(r)(3) of 

the Clean Air Act as amended, in 

§68.130. 

Replacement in kind means a replacement that satisfies the design specifications. 

RMP means the risk management 

plan required under subpart G of this 

part. 

Stationary source means any buildings, structures, equipment, installations, or substance emitting stationary 

activities which belong to the same industrial group, which are located on 

one or more contiguous properties, 

which are under the control of the 

same person (or persons under common 

control), and from which an accidental 

release may occur. The term stationary source does not apply to transportation, including storage incident 

to transportation, of any regulated 

substance or any other extremely hazardous substance under the provisions 

of this part. A stationary source includes transportation containers used 

4

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

for storage not incident to transportation and transportation containers 

connected to equipment at a stationary 

source for loading or unloading. Transportation includes, but is not limited 

to, transportation subject to oversight 

or regulation under 49 CFR parts 192, 

193, or 195, or a state natural gas or 

hazardous liquid program for which the 

state has in effect a certification to 

DOT under 49 U.S.C. section 60105. A 

stationary source does not include naturally occurring hydrocarbon reservoirs. Properties shall not be considered contiguous solely because of a 

railroad or pipeline right-of-way. 

Threshold quantity means the quantity specified for regulated substances 

pursuant to section 112(r)(5) of the 

Clean Air Act as amended, listed in 

§ 68.130 and determined to be present at 

a stationary source as specified in 

§ 68.115 of this part. 

Typical meteorological conditions 

means the temperature, wind speed, 

cloud cover, and atmospheric stability 

class, prevailing at the site based on 

data gathered at or near the site or 

from a local meteorological station. 

Vessel means any reactor, tank, 

drum, barrel, cylinder, vat, kettle, 

boiler, pipe, hose, or other container. 

Worst-case release means the release 

of the largest quantity of a regulated 

substance from a vessel or process line 

failure that results in the greatest distance to an endpoint defined in 

§68.22(a). 

[59 FR 4493, Jan. 31, 1994, as amended at 61 

FR 31717, June 20, 1996; 63 FR 644, Jan. 6, 1998; 

64 FR 979, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.10 Applicability. 

(a) An owner or operator of a stationary source that has more than a 

threshold quantity of a regulated substance in a process, as determined 

under § 68.115, shall comply with the requirements of this part no later than 

the latest of the following dates: 

(1) June 21, 1999; 

(2) Three years after the date on 

which a regulated substance is first 

listed under § 68.130; or 

(3) The date on which a regulated 

substance is first present above a 

threshold quantity in a process. 

(b) Program 1 eligibility requirements. A covered process is eligible for 

§ 68.10 

Program 1 requirements as provided in 

§ 68.12(b) if it meets all of the following 

requirements: 

(1) For the five years prior to the 

submission of an RMP, the process has 

not had an accidental release of a regulated substance where exposure to the 

substance, its reaction products, overpressure generated by an explosion involving the substance, or radiant heat 

generated by a fire involving the substance led to any of the following offsite: 

(i) Death; 

(ii) Injury; or 

(iii) Response or restoration activities for an exposure of an environmental receptor; 

(2) The distance to a toxic or flammable endpoint for a worst-case release 

assessment conducted under Subpart B 

and § 68.25 is less than the distance to 

any public receptor, as defined in 

§ 68.30; and 

(3) Emergency response procedures 

have been coordinated between the stationary source and local emergency 

planning and response organizations. 

(c) Program 2 eligibility requirements. A covered process is subject to 

Program 2 requirements if it does not 

meet the eligibility requirements of either paragraph (b) or paragraph (d) of 

this section. 

(d) Program 3 eligibility requirements. A covered process is subject to 

Program 3 if the process does not meet 

the requirements of paragraph (b) of 

this section, and if either of the following conditions is met: 

(1) The process is in NAICS code 

32211, 32411, 32511, 325181, 325188, 325192, 

325199, 325211, 325311, or 32532; or 

(2) The process is subject to the 

OSHA process safety management 

standard, 29 CFR 1910.119. 

(e) If at any time a covered process 

no longer meets the eligibility criteria 

of its Program level, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of the new Program level that 

applies to the process and update the 

RMP as provided in § 68.190. 

(f) The provisions of this part shall 

not apply to an Outer Continental 

Shelf (‘‘OCS’’) source, as defined in 40 

CFR 55.2. 

[61 FR 31717, June 20, 1996, as amended at 63 

FR 645, Jan. 6, 1998; 64 FR 979, Jan. 6, 1999] 

5

§ 68.12 

§ 68.12 General requirements. 

(a) General requirements. The owner 

or operator of a stationary source subject to this part shall submit a single 

RMP, as provided in §§ 68.150 to 68.185. 

The RMP shall include a registration 

that reflects all covered processes. 

(b) Program 1 requirements. In addition to meeting the requirements of 

paragraph (a) of this section, the owner 

or operator of a stationary source with 

a process eligible for Program 1, as provided in § 68.10(b), shall: 

(1) Analyze the worst-case release 

scenario for the process(es), as provided 

in § 68.25; document that the nearest 

public receptor is beyond the distance 

to a toxic or flammable endpoint defined in § 68.22(a); and submit in the 

RMP the worst-case release scenario as 

provided in § 68.165; 

(2) Complete the five-year accident 

history for the process as provided in 

§ 68.42 of this part and submit it in the 

RMP as provided in § 68.168; 

(3) Ensure that response actions have 

been coordinated with local emergency 

planning and response agencies; and 

(4) Certify in the RMP the following: 

‘‘Based on the criteria in 40 CFR 68.10, 

the distance to the specified endpoint 

for the worst-case accidental release 

scenario for the following process(es) is 

less than the distance to the nearest 

public receptor: [list process(es)]. Within the past five years, the process(es) 

has (have) had no accidental release 

that caused offsite impacts provided in 

the risk management program rule (40 

CFR 68.10(b)(1)). No additional measures are necessary to prevent offsite 

impacts from accidental releases. In 

the event of fire, explosion, or a release 

of a regulated substance from the process(es), entry within the distance to 

the specified endpoints may pose a danger to public emergency responders. 

Therefore, public emergency responders should not enter this area except as 

arranged with the emergency contact 

indicated in the RMP. The undersigned 

certifies that, to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief, formed 

after reasonable inquiry, the information submitted is true, accurate, and 

complete. [Signature, title, date 

signed].’’ 

(c) Program 2 requirements. In addition to meeting the requirements of 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

paragraph (a) of this section, the owner 

or operator of a stationary source with 

a process subject to Program 2, as provided in § 68.10(c), shall: 

(1) Develop and implement a management system as provided in § 68.15; 

(2) Conduct a hazard assessment as 

provided in §§ 68.20 through 68.42; 

(3) Implement the Program 2 prevention steps provided in §§ 68.48 through 

68.60 or implement the Program 3 prevention steps provided in §§ 68.65 

through 68.87; 

(4) Develop and implement an emergency response program as provided in 

§§ 68.90 to 68.95; and 

(5) Submit as part of the RMP the 

data on prevention program elements 

for Program 2 processes as provided in 

§68.170. 

(d) Program 3 requirements. In addition to meeting the requirements of 

paragraph (a) of this section, the owner 

or operator of a stationary source with 

a process subject to Program 3, as provided in § 68.10(d) shall: 

(1) Develop and implement a management system as provided in § 68.15; 

(2) Conduct a hazard assessment as 

provided in §§ 68.20 through 68.42; 

(3) Implement the prevention requirements of §§ 68.65 through 68.87; 

(4) Develop and implement an emergency response program as provided in 

§§ 68.90 to 68.95 of this part; and 

(5) Submit as part of the RMP the 

data on prevention program elements 

for Program 3 processes as provided in 

§68.175. 

[61 FR 31718, June 20, 1996] 

§ 68.15 Management. 

(a) The owner or operator of a stationary source with processes subject 

to Program 2 or Program 3 shall develop a management system to oversee 

the implementation of the risk management program elements. 

(b) The owner or operator shall assign a qualified person or position that 

has the overall responsibility for the 

development, implementation, and integration of the risk management program elements. 

(c) When responsibility for implementing individual requirements of 

this part is assigned to persons other 

than the person identified under paragraph (b) of this section, the names or 

6

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

positions of these people shall be documented and the lines of authority defined through an organization chart or 

similar document. 

[61 FR 31718, June 20, 1996] 

Subpart B—Hazard Assessment 

SOURCE: 61 FR 31718, June 20, 1996, unless 

otherwise noted. 

§ 68.20 Applicability. 

The owner or operator of a stationary source subject to this part 

shall prepare a worst-case release scenario analysis as provided in § 68.25 of 

this part and complete the five-year 

accident history as provided in § 68.42. 

The owner or operator of a Program 2 

and 3 process must comply with all sections in this subpart for these processes. 

§ 68.22 Offsite consequence analysis 

parameters. 

(a) Endpoints. For analyses of offsite 

consequences, the following endpoints 

shall be used: 

(1) Toxics. The toxic endpoints provided in appendix A of this part. 

(2) Flammables. The endpoints for 

flammables vary according to the scenarios studied: 

(i) Explosion. An overpressure of 1 

psi. 

(ii) Radiant heat/exposure time. A radiant heat of 5 kw/m2 for 40 seconds. 

(iii) Lower flammability limit. A 

lower flammability limit as provided in 

NFPA documents or other generally 

recognized sources. 

(b) Wind speed/atmospheric stability 

class. For the worst-case release analysis, the owner or operator shall use a 

wind speed of 1.5 meters per second and 

F atmospheric stability class. If the 

owner or operator can demonstrate 

that local meteorological data applicable to the stationary source show a 

higher minimum wind speed or less stable atmosphere at all times during the 

previous three years, these minimums 

may be used. For analysis of alternative scenarios, the owner or operator 

may use the typical meteorological 

conditions for the stationary source. 

(c) Ambient temperature/humidity. 

For worst-case release analysis of a 

§ 68.25 

regulated toxic substance, the owner or 

operator shall use the highest daily 

maximum temperature in the previous 

three years and average humidity for 

the site, based on temperature/humidity data gathered at the stationary 

source or at a local meteorological station; an owner or operator using the 

RMP Offsite Consequence Analysis 

Guidance may use 25 °C and 50 percent 

humidity as values for these variables. 

For analysis of alternative scenarios, 

the owner or operator may use typical 

temperature/humidity data gathered at 

the stationary source or at a local meteorological station. 

(d) Height of release. The worst-case 

release of a regulated toxic substance 

shall be analyzed assuming a ground 

level (0 feet) release. For an alternative 

scenario analysis of a regulated toxic 

substance, release height may be determined by the release scenario. 

(e) Surface roughness. The owner or 

operator shall use either urban or rural 

topography, as appropriate. Urban 

means that there are many obstacles in 

the immediate area; obstacles include 

buildings or trees. Rural means there 

are no buildings in the immediate area 

and the terrain is generally flat and 

unobstructed. 

(f) Dense or neutrally buoyant gases. 

The owner or operator shall ensure 

that tables or models used for dispersion analysis of regulated toxic substances appropriately account for gas 

density. 

(g) Temperature of released substance. For worst case, liquids other 

than gases liquified by refrigeration 

only shall be considered to be released 

at the highest daily maximum temperature, based on data for the previous three years appropriate for the 

stationary source, or at process temperature, whichever is higher. For alternative scenarios, substances may be 

considered to be released at a process 

or ambient temperature that is appropriate for the scenario. 

§ 68.25 Worst-case release scenario 

analysis. 

(a) The owner or operator shall analyze and report in the RMP: 

(1) For Program 1 processes, one 

worst-case release scenario for each 

Program 1 process; 

7

§ 68.25 

(2) For Program 2 and 3 processes: 

(i) One worst-case release scenario 

that is estimated to create the greatest 

distance in any direction to an endpoint provided in appendix A of this 

part resulting from an accidental release of regulated toxic substances 

from covered processes under worstcase conditions defined in § 68.22; 

(ii) One worst-case release scenario 

that is estimated to create the greatest 

distance in any direction to an endpoint defined in § 68.22(a) resulting from 

an accidental release of regulated flammable substances from covered processes under worst-case conditions defined in § 68.22; and 

(iii) Additional worst-case release 

scenarios for a hazard class if a worstcase release from another covered process at the stationary source potentially 

affects public receptors different from 

those potentially affected by the worstcase release scenario developed under 

paragraphs (a)(2)(i) or (a)(2)(ii) of this 

section. 

(b) Determination of worst-case release 

quantity. The worst-case release quantity shall be the greater of the following: 

(1) For substances in a vessel, the 

greatest amount held in a single vessel, 

taking into account administrative 

controls that limit the maximum quantity; or 

(2) For substances in pipes, the greatest amount in a pipe, taking into account administrative controls that 

limit the maximum quantity. 

(c) Worst-case release scenario—toxic 

gases. (1) For regulated toxic substances that are normally gases at ambient temperature and handled as a gas 

or as a liquid under pressure, the owner 

or operator shall assume that the 

quantity in the vessel or pipe, as determined under paragraph (b) of this section, is released as a gas over 10 minutes. The release rate shall be assumed 

to be the total quantity divided by 10 

unless passive mitigation systems are 

in place. 

(2) For gases handled as refrigerated 

liquids at ambient pressure: 

(i) If the released substance is not 

contained by passive mitigation systems or if the contained pool would 

have a depth of 1 cm or less, the owner 

or operator shall assume that the sub40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

stance is released as a gas in 10 minutes; 

(ii) If the released substance is contained by passive mitigation systems 

in a pool with a depth greater than 1 

cm, the owner or operator may assume 

that the quantity in the vessel or pipe, 

as determined under paragraph (b) of 

this section, is spilled instantaneously 

to form a liquid pool. The volatilization rate (release rate) shall be calculated at the boiling point of the substance and at the conditions specified 

in paragraph (d) of this section. 

(d) Worst-case release scenario—toxic 

liquids. (1) For regulated toxic substances that are normally liquids at 

ambient temperature, the owner or operator shall assume that the quantity 

in the vessel or pipe, as determined 

under paragraph (b) of this section, is 

spilled instantaneously to form a liquid 

pool. 

(i) The surface area of the pool shall 

be determined by assuming that the 

liquid spreads to 1 centimeter deep unless passive mitigation systems are in 

place that serve to contain the spill 

and limit the surface area. Where passive mitigation is in place, the surface 

area of the contained liquid shall be 

used to calculate the volatilization 

rate. 

(ii) If the release would occur onto a 

surface that is not paved or smooth, 

the owner or operator may take into 

account the actual surface characteristics. 

(2) The volatilization rate shall account for the highest daily maximum 

temperature occurring in the past 

three years, the temperature of the 

substance in the vessel, and the concentration of the substance if the liquid spilled is a mixture or solution. 

(3) The rate of release to air shall be 

determined from the volatilization rate 

of the liquid pool. The owner or operator may use the methodology in the 

RMP Offsite Consequence Analysis 

Guidance or any other publicly available techniques that account for the 

modeling conditions and are recognized 

by industry as applicable as part of 

current practices. Proprietary models 

that account for the modeling conditions may be used provided the owner 

or operator allows the implementing 

8

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

agency access to the model and describes model features and differences 

from publicly available models to local 

emergency planners upon request. 

(e) Worst-case release scenario—flammable gases. The owner or operator 

shall assume that the quantity of the 

substance, as determined under paragraph (b) of this section and the provisions below, vaporizes resulting in a 

vapor cloud explosion. A yield factor of 

10 percent of the available energy released in the explosion shall be used to 

determine the distance to the explosion 

endpoint if the model used is based on 

TNT equivalent methods. 

(1) For regulated flammable substances that are normally gases at ambient temperature and handled as a gas 

or as a liquid under pressure, the owner 

or operator shall assume that the 

quantity in the vessel or pipe, as determined under paragraph (b) of this section, is released as a gas over 10 minutes. The total quantity shall be assumed to be involved in the vapor 

cloud explosion. 

(2) For flammable gases handled as 

refrigerated liquids at ambient pressure: 

(i) If the released substance is not 

contained by passive mitigation systems or if the contained pool would 

have a depth of one centimeter or less, 

the owner or operator shall assume 

that the total quantity of the substance is released as a gas in 10 minutes, and the total quantity will be involved in the vapor cloud explosion. 

(ii) If the released substance is contained by passive mitigation systems 

in a pool with a depth greater than 1 

centimeter, the owner or operator may 

assume that the quantity in the vessel 

or pipe, as determined under paragraph 

(b) of this section, is spilled instantaneously to form a liquid pool. The volatilization rate (release rate) shall be 

calculated at the boiling point of the 

substance and at the conditions specified in paragraph (d) of this section. 

The owner or operator shall assume 

that the quantity which becomes vapor 

in the first 10 minutes is involved in 

the vapor cloud explosion. 

(f) Worst-case release scenario—flammable liquids. The owner or operator 

shall assume that the quantity of the 

substance, as determined under para­

§ 68.25 

graph (b) of this section and the provisions below, vaporizes resulting in a 

vapor cloud explosion. A yield factor of 

10 percent of the available energy released in the explosion shall be used to 

determine the distance to the explosion 

endpoint if the model used is based on 

TNT equivalent methods. 

(1) For regulated flammable substances that are normally liquids at 

ambient temperature, the owner or operator shall assume that the entire 

quantity in the vessel or pipe, as determined under paragraph (b) of this section, is spilled instantaneously to form 

a liquid pool. For liquids at temperatures below their atmospheric boiling 

point, the volatilization rate shall be 

calculated at the conditions specified 

in paragraph (d) of this section. 

(2) The owner or operator shall assume that the quantity which becomes 

vapor in the first 10 minutes is involved in the vapor cloud explosion. 

(g) Parameters to be applied. The 

owner or operator shall use the parameters defined in § 68.22 to determine distance to the endpoints. The owner or 

operator may use the methodology provided in the RMP Offsite Consequence 

Analysis Guidance or any commercially or publicly available air dispersion modeling techniques, provided the 

techniques account for the modeling 

conditions and are recognized by industry as applicable as part of current 

practices. Proprietary models that account for the modeling conditions may 

be used provided the owner or operator 

allows the implementing agency access 

to the model and describes model features and differences from publicly 

available models to local emergency 

planners upon request. 

(h) Consideration of passive mitigation. 

Passive mitigation systems may be 

considered for the analysis of worst 

case provided that the mitigation system is capable of withstanding the release event triggering the scenario and 

would still function as intended. 

(i) Factors in selecting a worst-case scenario. Notwithstanding the provisions 

of paragraph (b) of this section, the 

owner or operator shall select as the 

worst case for flammable regulated 

substances or the worst case for regulated toxic substances, a scenario based 

9

§ 68.28 

on the following factors if such a scenario would result in a greater distance 

to an endpoint defined in § 68.22(a) beyond the stationary source boundary 

than the scenario provided under paragraph (b) of this section: 

(1) Smaller quantities handled at 

higher process temperature or pressure; and 

(2) Proximity to the boundary of the 

stationary source. 

[61 FR 31718, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 28700, May 26, 1999] 

§ 68.28 Alternative release scenario 

analysis. 

(a) The number of scenarios. The 

owner or operator shall identify and 

analyze at least one alternative release 

scenario for each regulated toxic substance held in a covered process(es) and 

at least one alternative release scenario to represent all flammable substances held in covered processes. 

(b) Scenarios to consider. (1) For each 

scenario required under paragraph (a) 

of this section, the owner or operator 

shall select a scenario: 

(i) That is more likely to occur than 

the worst-case release scenario under 

§ 68.25; and 

(ii) That will reach an endpoint offsite, unless no such scenario exists. 

(2) Release scenarios considered 

should include, but are not limited to, 

the following, where applicable: 

(i) Transfer hose releases due to 

splits or sudden hose uncoupling; 

(ii) Process piping releases from failures at flanges, joints, welds, valves 

and valve seals, and drains or bleeds; 

(iii) Process vessel or pump releases 

due to cracks, seal failure, or drain, 

bleed, or plug failure; 

(iv) Vessel overfilling and spill, or 

overpressurization and venting through 

relief valves or rupture disks; and 

(v) Shipping container mishandling 

and breakage or puncturing leading to 

a spill. 

(c) Parameters to be applied. The 

owner or operator shall use the appropriate parameters defined in § 68.22 to 

determine distance to the endpoints. 

The owner or operator may use either 

the methodology provided in the RMP 

Offsite Consequence Analysis Guidance 

or any commercially or publicly available air dispersion modeling tech40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

niques, provided the techniques account for the specified modeling conditions and are recognized by industry as 

applicable as part of current practices. 

Proprietary models that account for 

the modeling conditions may be used 

provided the owner or operator allows 

the implementing agency access to the 

model and describes model features and 

differences from publicly available 

models to local emergency planners 

upon request. 

(d) Consideration of mitigation. Active and passive mitigation systems 

may be considered provided they are 

capable of withstanding the event that 

triggered the release and would still be 

functional. 

(e) Factors in selecting scenarios. 

The owner or operator shall consider 

the following in selecting alternative 

release scenarios: 

(1) The five-year accident history 

provided in § 68.42; and 

(2) Failure scenarios identified under 

§ 68.50 or § 68.67. 

§ 68.30 Defining offsite impacts—population. 

(a) The owner or operator shall estimate in the RMP the population within 

a circle with its center at the point of 

the release and a radius determined by 

the distance to the endpoint defined in 

§68.22(a). 

(b) Population to be defined. Population shall include residential population. The presence of institutions 

(schools, hospitals, prisons), parks and 

recreational areas, and major commercial, office, and industrial buildings 

shall be noted in the RMP. 

(c) Data sources acceptable. The owner 

or operator may use the most recent 

Census data, or other updated information, to estimate the population potentially affected. 

(d) Level of accuracy. Population shall 

be estimated to two significant digits. 

§ 68.33 Defining offsite impacts—environment. 

(a) The owner or operator shall list in 

the RMP environmental receptors 

within a circle with its center at the 

point of the release and a radius determined by the distance to the endpoint 

defined in § 68.22(a) of this part. 

10

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

(b) Data sources acceptable. The 

owner or operator may rely on information provided on local U.S. Geological Survey maps or on any data source 

containing U.S.G.S. data to identify 

environmental receptors. 

68.36 Review and update. 

(a) The owner or operator shall review and update the offsite consequence analyses at least once every 

five years. 

(b) If changes in processes, quantities 

stored or handled, or any other aspect 

of the stationary source might reasonably be expected to increase or decrease the distance to the endpoint by 

a factor of two or more, the owner or 

operator shall complete a revised analysis within six months of the change 

and submit a revised risk management 

plan as provided in § 68.190. 

§ 68.39 Documentation. 

The owner or operator shall maintain 

the following records on the offsite 

consequence analyses: 

(a) For worst-case scenarios, a description of the vessel or pipeline and 

substance selected as worst case, assumptions and parameters used, and 

the rationale for selection; assumptions shall include use of any administrative controls and any passive mitigation that were assumed to limit the 

quantity that could be released. Documentation shall include the anticipated effect of the controls and mitigation on the release quantity and rate. 

(b) For alternative release scenarios, 

a description of the scenarios identified, assumptions and parameters used, 

and the rationale for the selection of 

specific scenarios; assumptions shall 

include use of any administrative controls and any mitigation that were assumed to limit the quantity that could 

be released. Documentation shall include the effect of the controls and 

mitigation on the release quantity and 

rate. 

(c) Documentation of estimated 

quantity released, release rate, and duration of release. 

(d) Methodology used to determine 

distance to endpoints. 

(e) Data used to estimate population 

and environmental receptors potentially affected. 

§ 68.48 

§ 68.42 Five-year accident history. 

(a) The owner or operator shall include in the five-year accident history 

all accidental releases from covered 

processes that resulted in deaths, injuries, or significant property damage on 

site, or known offsite deaths, injuries, 

evacuations, sheltering in place, property damage, or environmental damage. 

(b) Data required. For each accidental 

release included, the owner or operator 

shall report the following information: 

(1) Date, time, and approximate duration of the release; 

(2) Chemical(s) released; 

(3) Estimated quantity released in 

pounds and, for mixtures containing 

regulated toxic substances, percentage 

concentration by weight of the released 

regulated toxic substance in the liquid 

mixture; 

(4) Five- or six-digit NAICS code that 

most closely corresponds to the process; 

(5) The type of release event and its 

source; 

(6) Weather conditions, if known; 

(7) On-site impacts; 

(8) Known offsite impacts; 

(9) Initiating event and contributing 

factors if known; 

(10) Whether offsite responders were 

notified if known; and 

(11) Operational or process changes 

that resulted from investigation of the 

release. 

(c) Level of accuracy. Numerical estimates may be provided to two significant digits. 

[61 FR 31718, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 979, Jan. 6, 1999] 

Subpart C—Program 2 Prevention

Program 

SOURCE: 61 FR 31721, June 20, 1996, unless 

otherwise noted. 

§ 68.48 Safety information. 

(a) The owner or operator shall compile and maintain the following up-todate safety information related to the 

regulated substances, processes, and 

equipment: 

(1) Material Safety Data Sheets that 

meet the requirements of 29 CFR 

1910.1200(g); 

11

§ 68.50 

(2) Maximum intended inventory of 

equipment in which the regulated substances are stored or processed; 

(3) Safe upper and lower temperatures, pressures, flows, and compositions; 

(4) Equipment specifications; and 

(5) Codes and standards used to design, build, and operate the process. 

(b) The owner or operator shall ensure that the process is designed in 

compliance with recognized and generally accepted good engineering practices. Compliance with Federal or state 

regulations that address industry-specific safe design or with industry-specific design codes and standards may be 

used to demonstrate compliance with 

this paragraph. 

(c) The owner or operator shall update the safety information if a major 

change occurs that makes the information inaccurate. 

§ 68.50 Hazard review. 

(a) The owner or operator shall conduct a review of the hazards associated 

with the regulated substances, process, 

and procedures. The review shall identify the following: 

(1) The hazards associated with the 

process and regulated substances; 

(2) Opportunities for equipment malfunctions or human errors that could 

cause an accidental release; 

(3) The safeguards used or needed to 

control the hazards or prevent equipment malfunction or human error; and 

(4) Any steps used or needed to detect 

or monitor releases. 

(b) The owner or operator may use 

checklists developed by persons or organizations knowledgeable about the 

process and equipment as a guide to 

conducting the review. For processes 

designed to meet industry standards or 

Federal or state design rules, the hazard review shall, by inspecting all 

equipment, determine whether the 

process is designed, fabricated, and operated in accordance with the applicable standards or rules. 

(c) The owner or operator shall document the results of the review and ensure that problems identified are resolved in a timely manner. 

(d) The review shall be updated at 

least once every five years. The owner 

or operator shall also conduct reviews 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

whenever a major change in the process occurs; all issues identified in the 

review shall be resolved before startup 

of the changed process. 

§ 68.52 Operating procedures. 

(a) The owner or operator shall prepare written operating procedures that 

provide clear instructions or steps for 

safely conducting activities associated 

with each covered process consistent 

with the safety information for that 

process. Operating procedures or instructions provided by equipment manufacturers or developed by persons or 

organizations knowledgeable about the 

process and equipment may be used as 

a basis for a stationary source’s operating procedures. 

(b) The procedures shall address the 

following: 

(1) Initial startup; 

(2) Normal operations; 

(3) Temporary operations; 

(4) Emergency shutdown and operations; 

(5) Normal shutdown; 

(6) Startup following a normal or 

emergency shutdown or a major change 

that requires a hazard review; 

(7) Consequences of deviations and 

steps required to correct or avoid deviations; and 

(8) Equipment inspections. 

(c) The owner or operator shall ensure that the operating procedures are 

updated, if necessary, whenever a 

major change occurs and prior to startup of the changed process. 

§ 68.54 Training. 

(a) The owner or operator shall ensure that each employee presently operating a process, and each employee 

newly assigned to a covered process 

have been trained or tested competent 

in the operating procedures provided in 

§ 68.52 that pertain to their duties. For 

those employees already operating a 

process on June 21, 1999, the owner or 

operator may certify in writing that 

the employee has the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to safely 

carry out the duties and responsibilities as provided in the operating procedures. 

(b) Refresher training. Refresher 

training shall be provided at least 

every three years, and more often if 

12

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

necessary, to each employee operating 

a process to ensure that the employee 

understands and adheres to the current 

operating procedures of the process. 

The owner or operator, in consultation 

with the employees operating the process, shall determine the appropriate 

frequency of refresher training. 

(c) The owner or operator may use 

training conducted under Federal or 

state regulations or under industryspecific standards or codes or training 

conducted by covered process equipment vendors to demonstrate compliance with this section to the extent 

that the training meets the requirements of this section. 

(d) The owner or operator shall ensure that operators are trained in any 

updated or new procedures prior to 

startup of a process after a major 

change. 

§ 68.56 Maintenance. 

(a) The owner or operator shall prepare and implement procedures to 

maintain the on-going mechanical integrity of the process equipment. The 

owner or operator may use procedures 

or instructions provided by covered 

process equipment vendors or procedures in Federal or state regulations or 

industry codes as the basis for stationary source maintenance procedures. 

(b) The owner or operator shall train 

or cause to be trained each employee 

involved in maintaining the on-going 

mechanical integrity of the process. To 

ensure that the employee can perform 

the job tasks in a safe manner, each 

such employee shall be trained in the 

hazards of the process, in how to avoid 

or correct unsafe conditions, and in the 

procedures applicable to the employee’s job tasks. 

(c) Any maintenance contractor shall 

ensure that each contract maintenance 

employee is trained to perform the 

maintenance procedures developed 

under paragraph (a) of this section. 

(d) The owner or operator shall perform or cause to be performed inspections and tests on process equipment. 

Inspection and testing procedures shall 

follow recognized and generally accepted good engineering practices. The frequency of inspections and tests of process equipment shall be consistent with 

§ 68.60 

applicable manufacturers’ recommendations, industry standards or 

codes, good engineering practices, and 

prior operating experience. 

§ 68.58 Compliance audits. 

(a) The owner or operator shall certify that they have evaluated compliance with the provisions of this subpart at least every three years to 

verify that the procedures and practices developed under the rule are adequate and are being followed. 

(b) The compliance audit shall be 

conducted by at least one person 

knowledgeable in the process. 

(c) The owner or operator shall develop a report of the audit findings. 

(d) The owner or operator shall 

promptly determine and document an 

appropriate response to each of the 

findings of the compliance audit and 

document that deficiencies have been 

corrected. 

(e) The owner or operator shall retain 

the two (2) most recent compliance 

audit reports. This requirement does 

not apply to any compliance audit report that is more than five years old. 

§ 68.60 Incident investigation. 

(a) The owner or operator shall investigate each incident which resulted in, 

or could reasonably have resulted in a 

catastrophic release. 

(b) An incident investigation shall be 

initiated as promptly as possible, but 

not later than 48 hours following the 

incident. 

(c) A summary shall be prepared at 

the conclusion of the investigation 

which includes at a minimum: 

(1) Date of incident; 

(2) Date investigation began; 

(3) A description of the incident; 

(4) The factors that contributed to 

the incident; and, 

(5) Any recommendations resulting 

from the investigation. 

(d) The owner or operator shall 

promptly address and resolve the investigation findings and recommendations. Resolutions and corrective actions shall be documented. 

(e) The findings shall be reviewed 

with all affected personnel whose job 

tasks are affected by the findings. 

(f) Investigation summaries shall be 

retained for five years. 

13

§ 68.65 

Subpart D—Program 3 Prevention

Program 

SOURCE: 61 FR 31722, June 20, 1996, unless 

otherwise noted. 

§ 68.65 Process safety information. 

(a) In accordance with the schedule 

set forth in § 68.67, the owner or operator shall complete a compilation of 

written process safety information before conducting any process hazard 

analysis required by the rule. The compilation of written process safety information is to enable the owner or operator and the employees involved in operating the process to identify and understand the hazards posed by those 

processes involving regulated substances. This process safety information shall include information pertaining to the hazards of the regulated 

substances used or produced by the 

process, information pertaining to the 

technology of the process, and information pertaining to the equipment in the 

process. 

(b) Information pertaining to the 

hazards of the regulated substances in 

the process. This information shall 

consist of at least the following: 

(1) Toxicity information; 

(2) Permissible exposure limits; 

(3) Physical data; 

(4) Reactivity data: 

(5) Corrosivity data; 

(6) Thermal and chemical stability 

data; and 

(7) Hazardous effects of inadvertent 

mixing of different materials that 

could foreseeably occur. 

NOTE TO PARAGRAPH (b): Material Safety 

Data Sheets meeting the requirements of 29 

CFR 1910.1200(g) may be used to comply with 

this requirement to the extent they contain 

the information required by this subparagraph. 

(c) Information pertaining to the 

technology of the process. 

(1) Information concerning the technology of the process shall include at 

least the following: 

(i) A block flow diagram or simplified 

process flow diagram; 

(ii) Process chemistry; 

(iii) Maximum intended inventory; 

(iv) Safe upper and lower limits for 

such items as temperatures, pressures, 

flows or compositions; and, 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

(v) An evaluation of the consequences 

of deviations. 

(2) Where the original technical information no longer exists, such information may be developed in conjunction with the process hazard analysis 

in sufficient detail to support the analysis. 

(d) Information pertaining to the 

equipment in the process. 

(1) Information pertaining to the 

equipment in the process shall include: 

(i) Materials of construction; 

(ii) Piping and instrument diagrams 

(P&ID’s); 

(iii) Electrical classification; 

(iv) Relief system design and design 

basis; 

(v) Ventilation system design; 

(vi) Design codes and standards employed; 

(vii) Material and energy balances for 

processes built after June 21, 1999; and 

(viii) Safety systems (e.g. interlocks, 

detection or suppression systems). 

(2) The owner or operator shall document that equipment complies with 

recognized and generally accepted good 

engineering practices. 

(3) For existing equipment designed 

and constructed in accordance with 

codes, standards, or practices that are 

no longer in general use, the owner or 

operator shall determine and document 

that the equipment is designed, maintained, inspected, tested, and operating 

in a safe manner. 

§ 68.67 Process hazard analysis. 

(a) The owner or operator shall perform an initial process hazard analysis 

(hazard evaluation) on processes covered by this part. The process hazard 

analysis shall be appropriate to the 

complexity of the process and shall 

identify, evaluate, and control the hazards involved in the process. The owner 

or operator shall determine and document the priority order for conducting 

process hazard analyses based on a rationale which includes such considerations as extent of the process hazards, 

number of potentially affected employees, age of the process, and operating 

history of the process. The process hazard analysis shall be conducted as soon 

as possible, but not later than June 21, 

1999. Process hazards analyses completed to comply with 29 CFR 

14

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

1910.119(e) are acceptable as initial 

process hazards analyses. These process 

hazard analyses shall be updated and 

revalidated, based on their completion 

date. 

(b) The owner or operator shall use 

one or more of the following methodologies that are appropriate to determine and evaluate the hazards of the 

process being analyzed. 

(1) What-If; 

(2) Checklist; 

(3) What-If/Checklist; 

(4) Hazard and Operability Study 

(HAZOP); 

(5) Failure Mode and Effects Analysis 

(FMEA); 

(6) Fault Tree Analysis; or 

(7) An appropriate equivalent methodology. 

(c) The process hazard analysis shall 

address: 

(1) The hazards of the process; 

(2) The identification of any previous 

incident which had a likely potential 

for catastrophic consequences. 

(3) Engineering and administrative 

controls applicable to the hazards and 

their interrelationships such as appropriate application of detection methodologies to provide early warning of 

releases. (Acceptable detection methods might include process monitoring 

and control instrumentation with 

alarms, and detection hardware such as 

hydrocarbon sensors.); 

(4) Consequences of failure of engineering and administrative controls; 

(5) Stationary source siting; 

(6) Human factors; and 

(7) A qualitative evaluation of a 

range of the possible safety and health 

effects of failure of controls. 

(d) The process hazard analysis shall 

be performed by a team with expertise 

in engineering and process operations, 

and the team shall include at least one 

employee who has experience and 

knowledge specific to the process being 

evaluated. Also, one member of the 

team must be knowledgeable in the 

specific process hazard analysis methodology being used. 

(e) The owner or operator shall establish a system to promptly address the 

team’s findings and recommendations; 

assure that the recommendations are 

resolved in a timely manner and that 

the resolution is documented; docu­

§ 68.69 

ment what actions are to be taken; 

complete actions as soon as possible; 

develop a written schedule of when 

these actions are to be completed; communicate the actions to operating, 

maintenance and other employees 

whose work assignments are in the 

process and who may be affected by the 

recommendations or actions. 

(f) At least every five (5) years after 

the completion of the initial process 

hazard analysis, the process hazard 

analysis shall be updated and revalidated by a team meeting the requirements in paragraph (d) of this section, 

to assure that the process hazard analysis is consistent with the current 

process. Updated and revalidated process hazard analyses completed to comply with 29 CFR 1910.119(e) are acceptable to meet the requirements of this 

paragraph. 

(g) The owner or operator shall retain process hazards analyses and updates or revalidations for each process 

covered by this section, as well as the 

documented resolution of recommendations described in paragraph (e) of this 

section for the life of the process. 

§ 68.69 Operating procedures. 

(a) The owner or operator shall develop and implement written operating 

procedures that provide clear instructions for safely conducting activities 

involved in each covered process consistent with the process safety information and shall address at least the 

following elements. 

(1) Steps for each operating phase: 

(i) Initial startup; 

(ii) Normal operations; 

(iii) Temporary operations; 

(iv) Emergency shutdown including 

the conditions under which emergency 

shutdown is required, and the assignment of shutdown responsibility to 

qualified operators to ensure that 

emergency shutdown is executed in a 

safe and timely manner. 

(v) Emergency operations; 

(vi) Normal shutdown; and, 

(vii) Startup following a turnaround, 

or after an emergency shutdown. 

(2) Operating limits: 

(i) Consequences of deviation; and 

(ii) Steps required to correct or avoid 

deviation. 

(3) Safety and health considerations: 

15

§ 68.71 

(i) Properties of, and hazards presented by, the chemicals used in the 

process; 

(ii) Precautions necessary to prevent 

exposure, including engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment; 

(iii) Control measures to be taken if 

physical contact or airborne exposure 

occurs; 

(iv) Quality control for raw materials 

and control of hazardous chemical inventory levels; and, 

(v) Any special or unique hazards. 

(4) Safety systems and their functions. 

(b) Operating procedures shall be 

readily accessible to employees who 

work in or maintain a process. 

(c) The operating procedures shall be 

reviewed as often as necessary to assure that they reflect current operating practice, including changes that 

result from changes in process chemicals, technology, and equipment, and 

changes to stationary sources. The 

owner or operator shall certify annually that these operating procedures 

are current and accurate. 

(d) The owner or operator shall develop and implement safe work practices to provide for the control of hazards during operations such as lockout/ 

tagout; confined space entry; opening 

process equipment or piping; and control over entrance into a stationary 

source by maintenance, contractor, 

laboratory, or other support personnel. 

These safe work practices shall apply 

to employees and contractor employees. 

§ 68.71 Training. 

(a) Initial training. (1) Each employee 

presently involved in operating a process, and each employee before being involved in operating a newly assigned 

process, shall be trained in an overview 

of the process and in the operating procedures as specified in § 68.69. The 

training shall include emphasis on the 

specific safety and health hazards, 

emergency operations including shutdown, and safe work practices applicable to the employee’s job tasks. 

(2) In lieu of initial training for those 

employees already involved in operating a process on June 21, 1999 an 

owner or operator may certify in writ40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

ing that the employee has the required 

knowledge, skills, and abilities to safely carry out the duties and responsibilities as specified in the operating procedures. 

(b) Refresher training. Refresher training shall be provided at least every 

three years, and more often if necessary, to each employee involved in 

operating a process to assure that the 

employee understands and adheres to 

the current operating procedures of the 

process. The owner or operator, in consultation with the employees involved 

in operating the process, shall determine the appropriate frequency of refresher training. 

(c) Training documentation. The owner 

or operator shall ascertain that each 

employee involved in operating a process has received and understood the 

training required by this paragraph. 

The owner or operator shall prepare a 

record which contains the identity of 

the employee, the date of training, and 

the means used to verify that the employee understood the training. 

§ 68.73 Mechanical integrity. 

(a) Application. Paragraphs (b) 

through (f) of this section apply to the 

following process equipment: 

(1) Pressure vessels and storage 

tanks; 

(2) Piping systems (including piping 

components such as valves); 

(3) Relief and vent systems and devices; 

(4) Emergency shutdown systems; 

(5) Controls (including monitoring 

devices and sensors, alarms, and interlocks) and, 

(6) Pumps. 

(b) Written procedures. The owner or 

operator shall establish and implement 

written procedures to maintain the ongoing integrity of process equipment. 

(c) Training for process maintenance 

activities. The owner or operator shall 

train each employee involved in maintaining the on-going integrity of process equipment in an overview of that 

process and its hazards and in the procedures applicable to the employee’s 

job tasks to assure that the employee 

can perform the job tasks in a safe 

manner. 

16

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

(d) Inspection and testing. (1) Inspections and tests shall be performed on 

process equipment. 

(2) Inspection and testing procedures 

shall follow recognized and generally 

accepted good engineering practices. 

(3) The frequency of inspections and 

tests of process equipment shall be consistent with applicable manufacturers’ 

recommendations and good engineering 

practices, and more frequently if determined to be necessary by prior operating experience. 

(4) The owner or operator shall document each inspection and test that has 

been performed on process equipment. 

The documentation shall identify the 

date of the inspection or test, the name 

of the person who performed the inspection or test, the serial number or 

other identifier of the equipment on 

which the inspection or test was performed, a description of the inspection 

or test performed, and the results of 

the inspection or test. 

(e) Equipment deficiencies. The owner 

or operator shall correct deficiencies in 

equipment that are outside acceptable 

limits (defined by the process safety information in § 68.65) before further use 

or in a safe and timely manner when 

necessary means are taken to assure 

safe operation. 

(f) Quality assurance. (1) In the construction of new plants and equipment, 

the owner or operator shall assure that 

equipment as it is fabricated is suitable for the process application for 

which they will be used. 

(2) Appropriate checks and inspections shall be performed to assure that 

equipment is installed properly and 

consistent with design specifications 

and the manufacturer’s instructions. 

(3) The owner or operator shall assure that maintenance materials, spare 

parts and equipment are suitable for 

the process application for which they 

will be used. 

§ 68.75 Management of change. 

(a) The owner or operator shall establish and implement written procedures 

to manage changes (except for ‘‘replacements in kind’’) to process chemicals, technology, equipment, and procedures; and, changes to stationary 

sources that affect a covered process. 

§ 68.77 

(b) The procedures shall assure that 

the following considerations are addressed prior to any change: 

(1) The technical basis for the proposed change; 

(2) Impact of change on safety and 

health; 

(3) Modifications to operating procedures; 

(4) Necessary time period for the 

change; and, 

(5) Authorization requirements for 

the proposed change. 

(c) Employees involved in operating a 

process and maintenance and contract 

employees whose job tasks will be affected by a change in the process shall 

be informed of, and trained in, the 

change prior to start-up of the process 

or affected part of the process. 

(d) If a change covered by this paragraph results in a change in the process 

safety information required by § 68.65 of 

this part, such information shall be updated accordingly. 

(e) If a change covered by this paragraph results in a change in the operating procedures or practices required 

by § 68.69, such procedures or practices 

shall be updated accordingly. 

§ 68.77 Pre-startup review. 

(a) The owner or operator shall perform a pre-startup safety review for 

new stationary sources and for modified stationary sources when the modification is significant enough to require a change in the process safety information. 

(b) The pre-startup safety review 

shall confirm that prior to the introduction of regulated substances to a 

process: 

(1) Construction and equipment is in 

accordance with design specifications; 

(2) Safety, operating, maintenance, 

and emergency procedures are in place 

and are adequate; 

(3) For new stationary sources, a 

process hazard analysis has been performed and recommendations have 

been resolved or implemented before 

startup; and modified stationary 

sources meet the requirements contained in management of change, 

§68.75. 

(4) Training of each employee involved in operating a process has been 

completed. 

17

§ 68.79 

§ 68.79 Compliance audits. 

(a) The owner or operator shall certify that they have evaluated compliance with the provisions of this subpart at least every three years to 

verify that procedures and practices 

developed under this subpart are adequate and are being followed. 

(b) The compliance audit shall be 

conducted by at least one person 

knowledgeable in the process. 

(c) A report of the findings of the 

audit shall be developed. 

(d) The owner or operator shall 

promptly determine and document an 

appropriate response to each of the 

findings of the compliance audit, and 

document that deficiencies have been 

corrected. 

(e) The owner or operator shall retain 

the two (2) most recent compliance 

audit reports. 

[61 FR 31722, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 979, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.81 Incident investigation. 

(a) The owner or operator shall investigate each incident which resulted in, 

or could reasonably have resulted in a 

catastrophic release of a regulated substance. 

(b) An incident investigation shall be 

initiated as promptly as possible, but 

not later than 48 hours following the 

incident. 

(c) An incident investigation team 

shall be established and consist of at 

least one person knowledgeable in the 

process involved, including a contract 

employee if the incident involved work 

of the contractor, and other persons 

with appropriate knowledge and experience to thoroughly investigate and 

analyze the incident. 

(d) A report shall be prepared at the 

conclusion of the investigation which 

includes at a minimum: 

(1) Date of incident; 

(2) Date investigation began; 

(3) A description of the incident; 

(4) The factors that contributed to 

the incident; and, 

(5) Any recommendations resulting 

from the investigation. 

(e) The owner or operator shall establish a system to promptly address and 

resolve the incident report findings and 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

recommendations. Resolutions and corrective actions shall be documented. 

(f) The report shall be reviewed with 

all affected personnel whose job tasks 

are relevant to the incident findings including contract employees where applicable. 

(g) Incident investigation reports 

shall be retained for five years. 

§ 68.83 Employee participation. 

(a) The owner or operator shall develop a written plan of action regarding the implementation of the employee participation required by this 

section. 

(b) The owner or operator shall consult with employees and their representatives on the conduct and development of process hazards analyses and 

on the development of the other elements of process safety management in 

this rule. 

(c) The owner or operator shall provide to employees and their representatives access to process hazard analyses 

and to all other information required 

to be developed under this rule. 

§ 68.85 Hot work permit. 

(a) The owner or operator shall issue 

a hot work permit for hot work operations conducted on or near a covered 

process. 

(b) The permit shall document that 

the fire prevention and protection requirements in 29 CFR 1910.252(a) have 

been implemented prior to beginning 

the hot work operations; it shall indicate the date(s) authorized for hot 

work; and identify the object on which 

hot work is to be performed. The permit shall be kept on file until completion of the hot work operations. 

§ 68.87 Contractors. 

(a) Application. This section applies 

to contractors performing maintenance 

or repair, turnaround, major renovation, or specialty work on or adjacent 

to a covered process. It does not apply 

to contractors providing incidental 

services which do not influence process 

safety, such as janitorial work, food 

and drink services, laundry, delivery or 

other supply services. 

(b) Owner or operator responsibilities. 

(1) The owner or operator, when selecting a contractor, shall obtain and 

18

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

evaluate information regarding the 

contract owner or operator’s safety 

performance and programs. 

(2) The owner or operator shall inform contract owner or operator of the 

known potential fire, explosion, or 

toxic release hazards related to the 

contractor’s work and the process. 

(3) The owner or operator shall explain to the contract owner or operator 

the applicable provisions of subpart E 

of this part. 

(4) The owner or operator shall develop and implement safe work practices consistent with § 68.69(d), to control the entrance, presence, and exit of 

the contract owner or operator and 

contract employees in covered process 

areas. 

(5) The owner or operator shall periodically evaluate the performance of 

the contract owner or operator in fulfilling their obligations as specified in 

paragraph (c) of this section. 

(c) Contract owner or operator responsibilities. (1) The contract owner or operator shall assure that each contract 

employee is trained in the work practices necessary to safely perform his/ 

her job. 

(2) The contract owner or operator 

shall assure that each contract employee is instructed in the known potential fire, explosion, or toxic release 

hazards related to his/her job and the 

process, and the applicable provisions 

of the emergency action plan. 

(3) The contract owner or operator 

shall document that each contract employee has received and understood the 

training required by this section. The 

contract owner or operator shall prepare a record which contains the identity of the contract employee, the date 

of training, and the means used to 

verify that the employee understood 

the training. 

(4) The contract owner or operator 

shall assure that each contract employee follows the safety rules of the 

stationary source including the safe 

work practices required by § 68.69(d). 

(5) The contract owner or operator 

shall advise the owner or operator of 

any unique hazards presented by the 

contract owner or operator’s work, or 

of any hazards found by the contract 

owner or operator’s work. 

§ 68.95 

Subpart E—Emergency Response 

SOURCE: 61 FR 31725, June 20, 1996, unless 

otherwise noted. 

§ 68.90 Applicability. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, the owner or operator of a stationary source with Program 2 and Program 3 processes shall 

comply with the requirements of § 68.95. 

(b) The owner or operator of stationary source whose employees will 

not respond to accidental releases of 

regulated substances need not comply 

with § 68.95 of this part provided that 

they meet the following: 

(1) For stationary sources with any 

regulated toxic substance held in a 

process above the threshold quantity, 

the stationary source is included in the 

community emergency response plan 

developed under 42 U.S.C. 11003; 

(2) For stationary sources with only 

regulated flammable substances held in 

a process above the threshold quantity, 

the owner or operator has coordinated 

response actions with the local fire department; and 

(3) Appropriate mechanisms are in 

place to notify emergency responders 

when there is a need for a response. 

§ 68.95 Emergency response program. 

(a) The owner or operator shall develop and implement an emergency response program for the purpose of protecting public health and the environment. Such program shall include the 

following elements: 

(1) An emergency response plan, 

which shall be maintained at the stationary source and contain at least the 

following elements: 

(i) Procedures for informing the public and local emergency response agencies about accidental releases; 

(ii) Documentation of proper first-aid 

and emergency medical treatment necessary to treat accidental human exposures; and 

(iii) Procedures and measures for 

emergency response after an accidental 

release of a regulated substance; 

(2) Procedures for the use of emergency response equipment and for its 

inspection, testing, and maintenance; 

(3) Training for all employees in relevant procedures; and 

19

§ 68.100 

(4) Procedures to review and update, 

as appropriate, the emergency response 

plan to reflect changes at the stationary source and ensure that employees are informed of changes. 

(b) A written plan that complies with 

other Federal contingency plan regulations or is consistent with the approach in the National Response 

Team’s Integrated Contingency Plan 

Guidance (‘‘One Plan’’) and that, 

among other matters, includes the elements provided in paragraph (a) of this 

section, shall satisfy the requirements 

of this section if the owner or operator 

also complies with paragraph (c) of this 

section. 

(c) The emergency response plan developed under paragraph (a)(1) of this 

section shall be coordinated with the 

community emergency response plan 

developed under 42 U.S.C. 11003. Upon 

request of the local emergency planning committee or emergency response 

officials, the owner or operator shall 

promptly provide to the local emergency response officials information 

necessary for developing and implementing the community emergency response plan. 

Subpart F—Regulated Substances

for Accidental Release Prevention 

SOURCE: 59 FR 4493, Jan. 31, 1994, unless 

otherwise noted. Redesignated at 61 FR 31717, 

June 20, 1996. 

§ 68.100 Purpose. 

This subpart designates substances 

to be listed under section 112(r)(3), (4), 

and (5) of the Clean Air Act, as amended, identifies their threshold quantities, and establishes the requirements 

for petitioning to add or delete substances from the list. 

§ 68.115 Threshold determination. 

(a) A threshold quantity of a regulated substance listed in § 68.130 is 

present at a stationary source if the 

total quantity of the regulated substance contained in a process exceeds 

the threshold. 

(b) For the purposes of determining 

whether more than a threshold quantity of a regulated substance is present 

at the stationary source, the following 

exemptions apply: 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

(1) Concentrations of a regulated toxic 

substance in a mixture. If a regulated 

substance is present in a mixture and 

the concentration of the substance is 

below one percent by weight of the 

mixture, the amount of the substance 

in the mixture need not be considered 

when determining whether more than a 

threshold quantity is present at the 

stationary source. Except for oleum, 

toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, toluene 2,6­

diisocyanate, and toluene diisocyanate 

(unspecified isomer), if the concentration of the regulated substance in the 

mixture is one percent or greater by 

weight, but the owner or operator can 

demonstrate that the partial pressure 

of the regulated substance in the mixture (solution) under handling or storage conditions in any portion of the 

process is less than 10 millimeters of 

mercury (mm Hg), the amount of the 

substance in the mixture in that portion of the process need not be considered when determining whether more 

than a threshold quantity is present at 

the stationary source. The owner or operator shall document this partial pressure measurement or estimate. 

(2) Concentrations of a regulated flammable substance in a mixture. (i) General 

provision. If a regulated substance is 

present in a mixture and the concentration of the substance is below 

one percent by weight of the mixture, 

the mixture need not be considered 

when determining whether more than a 

threshold quantity of the regulated 

substance is present at the stationary 

source. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2) (ii) and (iii) of this section, 

if the concentration of the substance is 

one percent or greater by weight of the 

mixture, then, for purposes of determining whether a threshold quantity is 

present at the stationary source, the 

entire weight of the mixture shall be 

treated as the regulated substance unless the owner or operator can demonstrate that the mixture itself does 

not have a National Fire Protection 

Association flammability hazard rating of 4. The demonstration shall be in 

accordance with the definition of flammability hazard rating 4 in the NFPA 

704, Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for 

Emergency Response, National Fire 

Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 

20

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

1996. Available from the National Fire 

Protection Association, 1 

Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269– 

9101. This incorporation by reference 

was approved by the Director of the 

Federal Register in accordance with 5 

U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies 

may be inspected at the Environmental 

Protection Agency Air Docket (6102), 

Attn: Docket No. A–96–O8, Waterside 

Mall, 401 M. St. SW., Washington DC; 

or at the Office of Federal Register at 

800 North Capitol St., NW, Suite 700, 

Washington, DC. Boiling point and 

flash point shall be defined and determined in accordance with NFPA 30, 

Flammable and Combustible Liquids 

Code, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1996. Available 

from the National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269–9101. This incorporation 

by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR 

part 51. Copies may be inspected at the 

Environmental Protection Agency Air 

Docket (6102), Attn: Docket No. A–96– 

O8, Waterside Mall, 401 M. St. SW., 

Washington DC; or at the Office of Federal Register at 800 North Capitol St., 

NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC. The 

owner or operator shall document the 

National Fire Protection Association 

flammability hazard rating. 

(ii) Gasoline. Regulated substances in 

gasoline, when in distribution or related storage for use as fuel for internal combustion engines, need not be 

considered when determining whether 

more than a threshold quantity is 

present at a stationary source. 

(iii) Naturally occurring hydrocarbon 

mixtures. Prior to entry into a natural 

gas processing plant or a petroleum refining process unit, regulated substances in naturally occurring hydrocarbon mixtures need not be considered 

when determining whether more than a 

threshold quantity is present at a stationary source. Naturally occurring 

hydrocarbon mixtures include any 

combination of the following: condensate, crude oil, field gas, and produced 

water, each as defined in § 68.3 of this 

part. 

(3) Articles. Regulated substances contained in articles need not be considered when determining whether more 

§ 68.120 

than a threshold quantity is present at 

the stationary source. 

(4) Uses. Regulated substances, when 

in use for the following purposes, need 

not be included in determining whether 

more than a threshold quantity is 

present at the stationary source: 

(i) Use as a structural component of 

the stationary source; 

(ii) Use of products for routine janitorial maintenance; 

(iii) Use by employees of foods, drugs, 

cosmetics, or other personal items containing the regulated substance; and 

(iv) Use of regulated substances 

present in process water or non-contact 

cooling water as drawn from the environment or municipal sources, or use 

of regulated substances present in air 

used either as compressed air or as part 

of combustion. 

(5) Activities in laboratories. If a regulated substance is manufactured, processed, or used in a laboratory at a stationary source under the supervision of 

a technically qualified individual as defined in § 720.3(ee) of this chapter, the 

quantity of the substance need not be 

considered in determining whether a 

threshold quantity is present. This exemption does not apply to: 

(i) Specialty chemical production; 

(ii) Manufacture, processing, or use 

of substances in pilot plant scale operations; and 

(iii) Activities conducted outside the 

laboratory. 

[59 FR 4493, Jan. 31, 1994. Redesignated at 61 

FR 31717, June 20, 1996, as amended at 63 FR 

645, Jan. 6, 1998] 

§ 68.120 Petition process. 

(a) Any person may petition the Administrator to modify, by addition or 

deletion, the list of regulated substances identified in § 68.130. Based on 

the information presented by the petitioner, the Administrator may grant or 

deny a petition. 

(b) A substance may be added to the 

list if, in the case of an accidental release, it is known to cause or may be 

reasonably anticipated to cause death, 

injury, or serious adverse effects to 

human health or the environment. 

(c) A substance may be deleted from 

the list if adequate data on the health 

and environmental effects of the substance are available to determine that 

21

§ 68.125 

the substance, in the case of an accidental release, is not known to cause 

and may not be reasonably anticipated 

to cause death, injury, or serious adverse effects to human health or the 

environment. 

(d) No substance for which a national 

primary ambient air quality standard 

has been established shall be added to 

the list. No substance regulated under 

title VI of the Clean Air Act, as amended, shall be added to the list. 

(e) The burden of proof is on the petitioner to demonstrate that the criteria 

for addition and deletion are met. A petition will be denied if this demonstration is not made. 

(f) The Administrator will not accept 

additional petitions on the same substance following publication of a final 

notice of the decision to grant or deny 

a petition, unless new data becomes 

available that could significantly affect the basis for the decision. 

(g) Petitions to modify the list of 

regulated substances must contain the 

following: 

(1) Name and address of the petitioner and a brief description of the organization(s) that the petitioner represents, if applicable; 

(2) Name, address, and telephone 

number of a contact person for the petition; 

(3) Common chemical name(s), common synonym(s), Chemical Abstracts 

Service number, and chemical formula 

and structure; 

(4) Action requested (add or delete a 

substance); 

(5) Rationale supporting the petitioner’s position; that is, how the substance meets the criteria for addition 

and deletion. A short summary of the 

rationale must be submitted along 

with a more detailed narrative; and 

(6) Supporting data; that is, the petition must include sufficient information to scientifically support the request to modify the list. Such information shall include: 

(i) A list of all support documents; 

(ii) Documentation of literature 

searches conducted, including, but not 

limited to, identification of the database(s) searched, the search strategy, 

dates covered, and printed results; 

(iii) Effects data (animal, human, and 

environmental test data) indicating 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

the potential for death, injury, or serious adverse human and environmental 

impacts from acute exposure following 

an accidental release; printed copies of 

the data sources, in English, should be 

provided; and 

(iv) Exposure data or previous accident history data, indicating the potential for serious adverse human 

health or environmental effects from 

an accidental release. These data may 

include, but are not limited to, physical and chemical properties of the substance, such as vapor pressure; modeling results, including data and assumptions used and model documentation; and historical accident data, citing data sources. 

(h) Within 18 months of receipt of a 

petition, the Administrator shall publish in the FEDERAL REGISTER a notice 

either denying the petition or granting 

the petition and proposing a listing. 

§ 68.125 Exemptions. 

Agricultural nutrients. Ammonia used 

as an agricultural nutrient, when held 

by farmers, is exempt from all provisions of this part. 

§ 68.130 List of substances. 

(a) Regulated toxic and flammable 

substances under section 112(r) of the 

Clean Air Act are the substances listed 

in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4. Threshold quantities for listed toxic and flammable 

substances are specified in the tables. 

(b) The basis for placing toxic and 

flammable substances on the list of 

regulated substances are explained in 

the notes to the list. 

TABLE 1 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED 

TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION 

[Alphabetical Order—77 Substances] 

Chemical name CAS No. Threshold quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Acrolein [2­ 107–02–8 5,000 b 

Propenal]. 

Acrylonitrile [2­ 107–13–1 20,000 b 

Propenenitrile]. 

Acrylyl chloride 814–68–6 5,000 b 

[2-Propenoyl 

chloride]. 

Allyl alcohol [2­ 107–18–61 15,000 b 

Propen-l-ol]. 

Allylamine [2­ 107–11–9 10,000 b 

Propen-lamine]. 

22

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA § 68.130 

TABLE 1 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED TABLE 1 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED 

TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUAN- TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVEN- TITIES FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION—Continued TION—Continued 

[Alphabetical Order—77 Substances] [Alphabetical Order—77 Substances] 

Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Ammonia (anhy­ 7664–41–7 10,000 a, b 

drous). 

Ammonia (conc 7664–41–7 20,000 a, b 

20% or greater). 

Arsenous tri­ 7784–34–1 15,000 b 

chloride. 

Arsine ................. 7784–42–1 1,000 b 

Boron trichloride 10294–34–5 5,000 b 

[Borane, 

trichloro-]. 

Boron trifluoride 7637–07–2 5,000 b 

[Borane, 

trifluoro-]. 

Boron trifluoride 353–42–4 15,000 b 

compound with 

methyl ether 

(1:1) [Boron, 

trifluoro [oxybis 

[metane]]-, T-4-. 

Bromine .............. 7726–95–6 10,000 a, b 

Carbon disulfide 75–15–0 20,000 b 

Chlorine .............. 7782–50–5 2,500 a, b 

Chlorine dioxide 10049–04–4 1,000 c 

[Chlorine oxide 

(ClO2)]. 

Chloroform 67–66–3 20,000 b 

[Methane, 

trichloro-]. 

Chloromethyl 542–88–1 1,000 b 

ether [Methane, 

oxybis[chloro-]. 

Chloromethyl 107–30–2 5,000 b 

methyl ether 

[Methane, 

chloromethoxy­

]. 

Crotonaldehyde 4170–30–3 20,000 b 

[2-Butenal]. 

Crotonaldehyde, 123–73–9 20,000 b 

(E)- [2-Butenal, 

(E)-]. 

Cyanogen chlo­ 506–77–4 10,000 c 

ride. 

Cyclohexylamine 108–91–8 15,000 b 

[Cyclohexanamine]. 

Diborane ............. 19287–45–7 2,500 b 

Dimethyldichloro­ 75–78–5 5,000 b 

silane [Silane, 

dichlorodimethyl-]. 

1,1­ 57–14–7 15,000 b 

Dimethylhydrazine [Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl-]. 

Epichlorohydrin 106–89–8 20,000 b 

[Oxirane, 

(chloromethyl)-]. 

Ethylenediamine 107–15–3 20,000 b 

[1,2­

Ethanediamine]. 

Ethyleneimine 151–56–4 10,000 b 

[Aziridine]. 

Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Ethylene oxide 75–21–8 10,000 a, b 

[Oxirane]. 

Fluorine .............. 7782–41–4 1,000 b 

Formaldehyde 50–00–0 15,000 b 

(solution). 

Furan .................. 110–00–9 5,000 b 

Hydrazine ........... 302–01–2 15,000 b 

Hydrochloric acid 7647–01–0 15,000 d 

(conc 37% or 

greater). 

Hydrocyanic acid 74–90–8 2,500 a, b 

Hydrogen chlo­ 7647–01–0 5,000 a 

ride (anhydrous) [Hydrochloric acid]. 

Hydrogen fluo­ 7664–39–3 1,000 a, b 

ride/ 

Hydrofluoric 

acid (conc 50% 

or greater) 

[Hydrofluoric 

acid]. 

Hydrogen sele­ 7783–07–5 500 b 

nide. 

Hydrogen sulfide 7783–06–4 10,000 a, b 

Iron, 13463–40–6 2,500 b 

pentacarbonyl­

[Iron carbonyl 

(Fe(CO)5), 

(TB-5-11)-]. 

Isobutyronitrile 78–82–0 20,000 b 

[Propanenitrile, 

2-methyl-]. 

Isopropyl 108–23–6 15,000 b 

chloroformate 

[Carbonochloridic acid, 1­

methylethyl 

ester]. 

Methacrylonitrile 126–98–7 10,000 b 

[2­

Propenenitrile, 

2-methyl-]. 

Methyl chloride 74–87–3 10,000 a 

[Methane, 

chloro-]. 

Methyl 79–22–1 5,000 b 

chloroformate 

[Carbonochloridic acid, 

methylester]. 

Methyl hydrazine 60–34–4 15,000 b 

[Hydrazine, 

methyl-]. 

Methyl isocyanate 624–83–9 10,000 a, b 

[Methane, 

isocyanato-]. 

Methyl mercaptan 74–93–1 10,000 b 

[Methanethiol]. 

Methyl 556–64–9 20,000 b 

thiocyanate 

[Thiocyanic 

acid, methyl 

ester]. 

23

§ 68.130 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

TABLE 1 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED TABLE 1 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED 

TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUAN- TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVEN- TITIES FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION—Continued TION—Continued 

[Alphabetical Order—77 Substances] [Alphabetical Order—77 Substances] 

Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Methyltrichlorosil­ 75–79–6 5,000 b 

ane [Silane, 

trichloromethyl­

]. 

Nickel carbonyl ... 13463–39–3 1,000 b 

Nitric acid (conc 7697–37–2 15,000 b 

80% or greater). 

Nitric oxide [Nitro­ 10102–43–9 10,000 b 

gen oxide 

(NO)]. 

Oleum (Fuming 8014–95–7 10,000 e 

Sulfuric acid) 

[Sulfuric acid, 

mixture with 

sulfur trioxide] 1. 

Peracetic acid 79–21–0 10,000 b 

[Ethaneperoxoic acid]. 

Perchloromethyl­ 594–42–3 10,000 b 

mercaptan 

[Methanesulfenyl chloride, 

trichloro-]. 

Phosgene [Car­ 75–44–5 500 a, b 

bonic dichloride]. 

Phosphine .......... 7803–51–2 5,000 b 

Phosphorus 10025–87–3 5,000 b 

oxychloride 

[Phosphoryl 

chloride]. 

Phosphorus tri­ 7719–12–2 15,000 b 

chloride [Phosphorous trichloride]. 

Piperidine ........... 110–89–4 15,000 b 

Propionitrile 107–12–0 10,000 b 

[Propanenitrile]. 

Propyl 109–61–5 15,000 b 

chloroformate 

[Carbonochloridic acid, 

propylester]. 

Propyleneimine 75–55–8 10,000 b 

[Aziridine, 2­

methyl-]. 

Propylene oxide 75–56–9 10,000 b 

[Oxirane, methyl-]. 

Sulfur dioxide 7446–09–5 5,000 a, b 

(anhydrous). 

Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Sulfur tetra­ 7783–60–0 2,500 b 

fluoride [Sulfur 

fluoride (SF4), 

(T-4)-]. 

Sulfur trioxide ..... 7446–11–9 10,000 a, b 

Tetramethyllead 75–74–1 10,000 b 

[Plumbane, 

tetramethyl-]. 

Tetranitro­ 509–14–8 10,000 b 

methane [Methane, tetranitro-]. 

Titanium tetra­ 7550–45–0 2,500 b 

chloride [Titanium chloride 

(TiCl4) (T-4)-]. 

Toluene 2,4­ 584–84–9 10,000 a 

diisocyanate 

[Benzene, 2,4­

diisocyanato-1­

methyl-] 1. 

Toluene 2,6­ 91–08–7 10,000 a 

diisocyanate 

[Benzene, 1,3­

diisocyanato-2­

methyl-] 1. 

Toluene 26471–62–5 10,000 a 

diisocyanate 

(unspecified 

isomer) [Benzene, 1,3­

diisocyanatomethyl-] 1. 

Trimethylchlorosi­ 75–77–4 10,000 b 

lane [Silane, 

chlorotrimethyl­

]. 

Vinyl acetate 108–05–4 15,000 b 

monomer [Acetic acid ethenyl 

ester]. 

1 The mixture exemption in § 68.115(b)(1) does not apply to 

the substance. 

NOTE: Basis for Listing: 

a Mandated for listing by Congress. 

b On EHS list, vapor pressure 10 mmHg or greater. 

c Toxic gas. 

d Toxicity of hydrogen chloride, potential to release hydrogen chloride, and history of accidents. 

e Toxicity of sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid, potential to 

release sulfur trioxide, and history of accidents. 

TABLE 2 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES FOR


ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION


[CAS Number Order—77 Substances]


CAS No. Chemical name 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

50–00–0 ..................... 

57–14–7 ..................... 

60–34–4 ..................... 

67–66–3 ..................... 

74–87–3 ..................... 

Formaldehyde (solution) .................................................................................... 

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine [Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl-] ............................................. 

Methyl hydrazine [Hydrazine, methyl-] ............................................................... 

Chloroform [Methane, trichloro-] ........................................................................ 

Methyl chloride [Methane, chloro-] .................................................................... 

15,000 

15,000 

15,000 

20,000 

10,000 

b 

b 

b 

b 

a 

24

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA § 68.130 

TABLE 2 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES FOR


ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION—Continued


[CAS Number Order—77 Substances]


CAS No. Chemical name 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

74–90–8 ..................... 

74–93–1 ..................... 

75–15–0 ..................... 

75–21–8 ..................... 

75–44–5 ..................... 

75–55–8 ..................... 

75–56–9 ..................... 

75–74–1 ..................... 

75–77–4 ..................... 

75–78–5 ..................... 

75–79–6 ..................... 

78–82–0 ..................... 

79–21–0 ..................... 

79–22–1 ..................... 

91–08–7 ..................... 

106–89–8 ................... 

107–02–8 ................... 

107–11–9 ................... 

107–12–0 ................... 

107–13–1 ................... 

107–15–3 ................... 

107–18–6 ................... 

107–30–2 ................... 

108–05–4 ................... 

108–23–6 ................... 

108–91–8 ................... 

109–61–5 ................... 

110–00–9 ................... 

110–89–4 ................... 

123–73–9 ................... 

126–98–7 ................... 

151–56–4 ................... 

302–01–2 ................... 

353–42–4 ................... 

506–77–4 ................... 

509–14–8 ................... 

542–88–1 ................... 

556–64–9 ................... 

584–84–9 ................... 

594–42–3 ................... 

624–83–9 ................... 

814–68–6 ................... 

4170–30–3 ................. 

7446–09–5 ................. 

7446–11–9 ................. 

7550–45–0 ................. 

7637–07–2 ................. 

7647–01–0 ................. 

7647–01–0 ................. 

7664–39–3 ................. 

7664–41–7 ................. 

7664–41–7 ................. 

7697–37–2 ................. 

7719–12–2 ................. 

7726–95–6 ................. 

7782–41–4 ................. 

7782–50–5 ................. 

7783–06–4 ................. 

7783–07–5 ................. 

7783–60–0 ................. 

7784–34–1 ................. 

7784–42–1 ................. 

7803–51–2 ................. 

8014–95–7 ................. 

10025–87–3 ............... 

10049–04–4 ............... 

10102–43–9 ............... 

Hydrocyanic acid ................................................................................................ 

Methyl mercaptan [Methanethiol] ....................................................................... 

Carbon disulfide ................................................................................................. 

Ethylene oxide [Oxirane] .................................................................................... 

Phosgene [Carbonic dichloride] ......................................................................... 

Propyleneimine [Aziridine, 2-methyl-] ................................................................ 

Propylene oxide [Oxirane, methyl-] ................................................................... 

Tetramethyllead [Plumbane, tetramethyl-] ......................................................... 

Trimethylchlorosilane [Silane, chlorotrimethyl-] ................................................. 

Dimethyldichlorosilane [Silane, dichlorodimethyl-] ............................................. 

Methyltrichlorosilane [Silane, trichloromethyl-] ................................................... 

Isobutyronitrile [Propanenitrile, 2-methyl-] ......................................................... 

Peracetic acid [Ethaneperoxoic acid] ................................................................ 

Methyl chloroformate [Carbonochloridic acid, methylester] ............................... 

Toluene 2,6-diisocyanate [Benzene, 1,3-diisocyanato-2-methyl-]1 ................... 

Epichlorohydrin [Oxirane, (chloromethyl)-] ......................................................... 

Acrolein [2-Propenal] ......................................................................................... 

Allylamine [2-Propen-1-amine] ........................................................................... 

Propionitrile [Propanenitrile] ............................................................................... 

Acrylonitrile [2-Propenenitrile] ............................................................................ 

Ethylenediamine [1,2-Ethanediamine] ............................................................... 

Allyl alcohol [2-Propen-1-ol] ............................................................................... 

Chloromethyl methyl ether [Methane, chloromethoxy-] ..................................... 

Vinyl acetate monomer [Acetic acid ethenyl ester] ........................................... 

Isopropyl chloroformate [Carbonochloridic acid, 1-methylethyl ester] ............... 

Cyclohexylamine [Cyclohexanamine] ................................................................ 

Propyl chloroformate [Carbonochloridic acid, propylester] ................................ 

Furan .................................................................................................................. 

Piperidine ........................................................................................................... 

Crotonaldehyde, (E)- [2-Butenal, (E)-] ............................................................... 

Methacrylonitrile [2-Propenenitrile, 2-methyl-] ................................................... 

Ethyleneimine [Aziridine] .................................................................................... 

Hydrazine ........................................................................................................... 

Boron trifluoride compound with methyl ether (1:1) [Boron, 

trifluoro[oxybis[methane]]-, T-4-. 

Cyanogen chloride ............................................................................................. 

Tetranitromethane [Methane, tetranitro-] ........................................................... 

Chloromethyl ether [Methane, oxybis[chloro-] ................................................... 

Methyl thiocyanate [Thiocyanic acid, methyl ester] ........................................... 

Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate [Benzene, 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methyl-]1 ................... 

Perchloromethylmercaptan [Methanesulfenyl chloride, trichloro-] ..................... 

Methyl isocyanate [Methane, isocyanato-] ........................................................ 

Acrylyl chloride [2-Propenoyl chloride] ............................................................... 

Crotonaldehyde [2-Butenal] ............................................................................... 

Sulfur dioxide (anhydrous) ................................................................................. 

Sulfur trioxide ..................................................................................................... 

Titanium tetrachloride [Titanium chloride (TiCl4) (T-4)-] .................................... 

Boron trifluoride [Borane, trifluoro-] .................................................................... 

Hydrochloric acid (conc 37% or greater) ........................................................... 

Hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) [Hydrochloric acid] ........................................... 

Hydrogen fluoride/Hydrofluoric acid (conc 50% or greater) [Hydrofluoric acid] 

Ammonia (anhydrous) ........................................................................................ 

Ammonia (conc 20% or greater) ....................................................................... 

Nitric acid (conc 80% or greater) ....................................................................... 

Phosphorus trichloride [Phosphorous trichloride] .............................................. 

Bromine .............................................................................................................. 

Fluorine .............................................................................................................. 

Chlorine .............................................................................................................. 

Hydrogen sulfide ................................................................................................ 

Hydrogen selenide ............................................................................................. 

Sulfur tetrafluoride [Sulfur fluoride (SF4), (T-4)-] ............................................... 

Arsenous trichloride ........................................................................................... 

Arsine ................................................................................................................. 

Phosphine .......................................................................................................... 

Oleum (Fuming Sulfuric acid) [Sulfuric acid, mixture with sulfur trioxide]1 ....... 

Phosphorus oxychloride [Phosphoryl chloride] .................................................. 

Chlorine dioxide [Chlorine oxide (ClO2)] ............................................................ 

Nitric oxide [Nitrogen oxide (NO)] ...................................................................... 

2,500 

10,000 

20,000 

10,000 

500 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

5,000

5,000 

20,000 

10,000 

5,000 

10,000 

20,000 

5,000 

10,000 

10,000 

20,000 

20,000 

15,000 

5,000 

15,000 

15,000 

15,000 

15,000 

5,000 

15,000 

20,000 

10,000 

10,000 

15,000 

15,000 

10,000 

10,000 

1,000 

20,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

5,000 

20,000 

5,000 

10,000 

2,500 

5,000 

15,000 

5,000 

1,000 

10,000 

20,000 

15,000 

15,000 

10,000 

1,000 

2,500 

10,000 

500 

2,500 

15,000 

1,000 

5,000 

10,000 

5,000 

1,000 

10,000 

a, b 

b 

b 

a, b 

a, b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

a 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

c 

b 

b 

b 

a 

b 

a, b 

b 

b 

a, b 

a, b 

b 

b 

d 

a 

a, b 

a, b 

a, b 

b 

b 

a, b 

b 

a, b 

a, b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

b 

e 

b 

c 

b 

25

§ 68.130 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

TABLE 2 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES FOR


ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION—Continued


[CAS Number Order—77 Substances]


CAS No. Chemical name 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

10294–34–5 ............... 

13463–39–3 ............... 

13463–40–6 ............... 

19287–45–7 ............... 

26471–62–5 ............... 

Boron trichloride [Borane, trichloro-] .................................................................. 

Nickel carbonyl ................................................................................................... 

Iron, pentacarbonyl- [Iron carbonyl (Fe(CO)5), (TB-5-11)-] ............................... 

Diborane ............................................................................................................. 

Toluene diisocyanate (unspecified isomer) [Benzene, 1,3-diisocyanatomethyl1]1. 

5,000 

1,000 

2,500 

2,500 

10,000 

b 

b 

b 

b 

a 

1 The mixture exemption in § 68.115(b)(1) does not apply to the substance. 

NOTE: Basis for Listing: 

a Mandated for listing by Congress. 

b On EHS list, vapor pressure 10 mmHg or greater. 

c Toxic gas. 

d Toxicity of hydrogen chloride, potential to release hydrogen chloride, and history of accidents. 

e Toxicity of sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid, potential to release sulfur trioxide, and history of accidents. 

TABLE 3 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES


FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION


[Alphabetical Order—63 Substances]


Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Acetaldehyde .................................................................................................................. 

Acetylene [Ethyne] ......................................................................................................... 

Bromotrifluorethylene [Ethene, bromotrifluoro-] ............................................................. 

1,3-Butadiene ................................................................................................................. 

Butane ............................................................................................................................ 

1-Butene ......................................................................................................................... 

2-Butene ......................................................................................................................... 

Butene ............................................................................................................................ 

2-Butene-cis ................................................................................................................... 

2-Butene-trans [2-Butene, (E)] ....................................................................................... 

Carbon oxysulfide [Carbon oxide sulfide (COS)] ........................................................... 

Chlorine monoxide [Chlorine oxide] ............................................................................... 

2-Chloropropylene [1-Propene, 2-chloro-] ..................................................................... 

1-Chloropropylene [1-Propene, 1-chloro-] ..................................................................... 

Cyanogen [Ethanedinitrile] ............................................................................................. 

Cyclopropane ................................................................................................................. 

Dichlorosilane [Silane, dichloro-] .................................................................................... 

Difluoroethane [Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-] ............................................................................ 

Dimethylamine [Methanamine, N-methyl-] ..................................................................... 

2,2-Dimethylpropane [Propane, 2,2-dimethyl-] .............................................................. 

Ethane ............................................................................................................................ 

Ethyl acetylene [1-Butyne] ............................................................................................. 

Ethylamine [Ethanamine] ............................................................................................... 

Ethyl chloride [Ethane, chloro-] ...................................................................................... 

Ethylene [Ethene] ........................................................................................................... 

Ethyl ether [Ethane, 1,1’-oxybis-] ................................................................................... 

Ethyl mercaptan [Ethanethiol] ........................................................................................ 

Ethyl nitrite [Nitrous acid, ethyl ester] ............................................................................ 

Hydrogen ........................................................................................................................ 

Isobutane [Propane, 2-methyl] ....................................................................................... 

Isopentane [Butane, 2-methyl-] ...................................................................................... 

Isoprene [1,3-Butadinene, 2-methyl-] ............................................................................. 

Isopropylamine [2-Propanamine] ................................................................................... 

Isopropyl chloride [Propane, 2-chloro-] .......................................................................... 

Methane ......................................................................................................................... 

Methylamine [Methanamine] .......................................................................................... 

3-Methyl-1-butene .......................................................................................................... 

2-Methyl-1-butene .......................................................................................................... 

Methyl ether [Methane, oxybis-] ..................................................................................... 

Methyl formate [Formic acid, methyl ester] ................................................................... 

2-Methylpropene [1-Propene, 2-methyl-] ....................................................................... 

1,3-Pentadinene ............................................................................................................. 

Pentane .......................................................................................................................... 

1-Pentene ....................................................................................................................... 

2-Pentene, (E)- ............................................................................................................... 

2-Pentene, (Z)- ............................................................................................................... 

75–07–0 

74–86–2 

598–73–2 

106–99–0 

106–97–8 

106–98–9 

107–01–7 

25167–67–3 

590–18–1 

624–64–6 

463–58–1 

7791–21–1 

557–98–2 

590–21–6 

460–19–5 

75–19–4 

4109–96–0 

75–37–6 

124–40–3 

463–82–1 

74–84–0 

107–00–6 

75–04–7 

75–00–3 

74–85–1 

60–29–7 

75–08–1 

109–95–5 

1333–74–0 

75–28–5 

78–78–4 

78–79–5 

75–31–0 

75–29–6 

74–82–8 

74–89–5 

563–45–1 

563–46–2 

115–10–6 

107–31–3 

115–11–7 

504–60–9 

109–66–0 

109–67–1 

646–04–8 

627–20–3 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

g 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

g 

f 

g 

f 

f 

g 

g 

g 

g 

26

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA § 68.130 

TABLE 3 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES


FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION—Continued


[Alphabetical Order—63 Substances]


Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

Propadiene [1,2-Propadiene] ......................................................................................... 

Propane .......................................................................................................................... 

Propylene [1-Propene] ................................................................................................... 

Propyne [1-Propyne] ...................................................................................................... 

Silane ............................................................................................................................. 

Tetrafluoroethylene [Ethene, tetrafluoro-] ...................................................................... 

Tetramethylsilane [Silane, tetramethyl-] ......................................................................... 

Trichlorosilane [Silane, trichloro-] ................................................................................... 

Trifluorochloroethylene [Ethene, chlorotrifluoro-] ........................................................... 

Trimethylamine [Methanamine, N,N-dimethyl-] .............................................................. 

Vinyl acetylene [1-Buten-3-yne] ..................................................................................... 

Vinyl chloride [Ethene, chloro-] ...................................................................................... 

Vinyl ethyl ether [Ethene, ethoxy-] ................................................................................. 

Vinyl fluoride [Ethene, fluoro-] ........................................................................................ 

Vinylidene chloride [Ethene, 1,1-dichloro-] .................................................................... 

Vinylidene fluoride [Ethene, 1,1-difluoro-] ...................................................................... 

Vinyl methyl ether [Ethene, methoxy-] ........................................................................... 

463–49–0 

74–98–6 

115–07–1 

74–99–7 

7803–62–5 

116–14–3 

75–76–3 

10025–78–2 

79–38–9 

75–50–3 

689–97–4 

75–01–4 

109–92–2 

75–02–5 

75–35–4 

75–38–7 

107–25–5 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

a, f 

g 

f 

g 

f 

f 

NOTE: Basis for Listing:


a Mandated for listing by Congress.


f Flammable gas.


g Volatile flammable liquid.


TABLE 4 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES


FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION


[CAS Number Order—63 Substances]


CAS No. Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

60–29–7 ..................... 

74–82–8 ..................... 

74–84–0 ..................... 

74–85–1 ..................... 

74–86–2 ..................... 

74–89–5 ..................... 

74–98–6 ..................... 

74–99–7 ..................... 

75–00–3 ..................... 

75–01–4 ..................... 

75–02–5 ..................... 

75–04–7 ..................... 

75–07–0 ..................... 

75–08–1 ..................... 

75–19–4 ..................... 

75–28–5 ..................... 

75–29–6 ..................... 

75–31–0 ..................... 

75–35–4 ..................... 

75–37–6 ..................... 

75–38–7 ..................... 

75–50–3 ..................... 

75–76–3 ..................... 

78–78–4 ..................... 

78–79–5 ..................... 

79–38–9 ..................... 

106–97–8 ................... 

106–98–9 ................... 

196–99–0 ................... 

107–00–6 ................... 

107–01–7 ................... 

107–25–5 ................... 

107–31–3 ................... 

109–66–0 ................... 

109–67–1 ................... 

109–92–2 ................... 

109–95–5 ................... 

Ethyl ether [Ethane, 1,1′-oxybis-] .......................................... 

Methane ................................................................................. 

Ethane ................................................................................... 

Ethylene [Ethene] .................................................................. 

Acetylene [Ethyne] ................................................................ 

Methylamine [Methanamine] ................................................. 

Propane ................................................................................. 

Propyne [1-Propyne] ............................................................. 

Ethyl chloride [Ethane, chloro-] ............................................. 

Vinyl chloride [Ethene, chloro-] ............................................. 

Vinyl fluoride [Ethene, fluoro-] ............................................... 

Ethylamine [Ethanamine] ...................................................... 

Acetaldehyde ......................................................................... 

Ethyl mercaptan [Ethanethiol] ............................................... 

Cyclopropane ........................................................................ 

Isobutane [Propane, 2-methyl] .............................................. 

Isopropyl chloride [Propane, 2-chloro-] ................................. 

Isopropylamine [2-Propanamine] .......................................... 

Vinylidene chloride [Ethene, 1,1-dichloro-] ........................... 

Difluoroethane [Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-] ................................... 

Vinylidene fluoride [Ethene, 1,1-difluoro-] ............................. 

Trimethylamine [Methanamine, N, N-dimethyl-] .................... 

Tetramethylsilane [Silane, tetramethyl-] ................................ 

Isopentane [Butane, 2-methyl-] ............................................. 

Isoprene [1,3,-Butadiene, 2-methyl-] ..................................... 

Trifluorochloroethylene [Ethene, chlorotrifluoro-] .................. 

Butane ................................................................................... 

1-Butene ................................................................................ 

1,3-Butadiene ........................................................................ 

Ethyl acetylene [1-Butyne] .................................................... 

2-Butene ................................................................................ 

Vinyl methyl ether [Ethene, methoxy-] .................................. 

Methyl formate [Formic acid, methyl ester] ........................... 

Pentane ................................................................................. 

1-Pentene .............................................................................. 

Vinyl ethyl ether [Ethene, ethoxy-] ........................................ 

Ethyl nitrite [Nitrous acid, ethyl ester] ................................... 

60–29–7 

74–82–8 

74–84–0 

74–85–1 

74–86–2 

74–89–5 

74–98–6 

74–99–7 

75–00–3 

75–01–4 

75–02–5 

75–04–7 

75–07–0 

75–08–1 

75–19–4 

75–28–5 

75–29–6 

75–31–0 

75–35–4 

75–37–6 

75–38–7 

75–50–3 

75–76–3 

78–78–4 

78–79–5 

79–38–9 

106–97–8 

106–98–9 

106–99–0 

107–00–6 

107–01–7 

107–25–5 

107–31–3 

109–66–0 

109–67–1 

109–92–2 

109–95–5 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000

10,000 

10,000 

g 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a, f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

f 

f 

g 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

g 

g 

g 

g 

f 

27

§ 68.150 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

TABLE 4 TO § 68.130.—L IST OF REGULATED FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES AND THRESHOLD QUANTITIES


FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASE PREVENTION—Continued


[CAS Number Order—63 Substances]


CAS No. Chemical name CAS No. 

Threshold 

quantity 

(lbs) 

Basis for 

listing 

115–07–1 ................... 

115–10–6 ................... 

115–11–7 ................... 

116–14–3 ................... 

124–40–3 ................... 

460–19–5 ................... 

463–49–0 ................... 

463–58–1 ................... 

463–82–1 ................... 

504–60–9 ................... 

557–98–2 ................... 

563–45–1 ................... 

563–46–2 ................... 

590–18–1 ................... 

590–21–6 ................... 

598–73–2 ................... 

624–64–6 ................... 

627–20–3 ................... 

646–04–8 ................... 

689–97–4 ................... 

1333–74–0 ................. 

4109–96–0 ................. 

7791–21–1 ................. 

7803–62–5 ................. 

10025–78–2 ............... 

25167–67–3 ............... 

Propylene [1-Propene] .......................................................... 

Methyl ether [Methane, oxybis-] ............................................ 

2-Methylpropene [1-Propene, 2-methyl-] .............................. 

Tetrafluoroethylene [Ethene, tetrafluoro-] ............................. 

Dimethylamine [Methanamine, N-methyl-] ............................ 

Cyanogen [Ethanedinitrile] .................................................... 

Propadiene [1,2-Propadiene] ................................................ 

Carbon oxysulfide [Carbon oxide sulfide (COS)] .................. 

2,2-Dimethylpropane [Propane, 2,2-dimethyl-] ..................... 

1,3-Pentadiene ...................................................................... 

2-Chloropropylene [1-Propene, 2-chloro-] ............................. 

3-Methyl-1-butene ................................................................. 

2-Methyl-1-butene ................................................................. 

2-Butene-cis .......................................................................... 

1-Chloropropylene [1-Propene, 1-chloro-] ............................. 

Bromotrifluorethylene [Ethene, bromotrifluoro-] .................... 

2-Butene-trans [2-Butene, (E)] .............................................. 

2-Pentene, (Z)- ...................................................................... 

2-Pentene, (E)- ...................................................................... 

Vinyl acetylene [1-Buten-3-yne] ............................................ 

Hydrogen ............................................................................... 

Dichlorosilane [Silane, dichloro-] ........................................... 

Chlorine monoxide [Chlorine oxide] ...................................... 

Silane ..................................................................................... 

Trichlorosilane [Silane,trichloro-] ........................................... 

Butene ................................................................................... 

115–07–1 

115–10–6 

115–11–7 

116–14–3 

124–40–3 

460–19–5 

463–49–0 

463–58–1 

463–82–1 

504–60–9 

557–98–2 

563–45–1 

563–46–2 

590–18–1 

590–21–6 

598–73–2 

624–64–6 

627–20–3 

646–04–8 

689–97–4 

1333–74–0 

4109–96–0 

7791–21–1 

7803–62–5 

10025–78–2 

25167–67–3 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

g 

f 

g 

f 

g 

f 

f 

g 

g 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

g 

f 

Note: Basis for Listing: a Mandated for listing by Congress. f Flammable gas. g Volatile flammable liquid. 

[59 FR 4493, Jan. 31, 1994. Redesignated at 61 FR 31717, June 20, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 45132, 

Aug. 25, 1997; 63 FR 645, Jan. 6, 1998] 

Subpart G—Risk Management


Plan


SOURCE: 61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, unless 

otherwise noted. 

§ 68.150 Submission. 

(a) The owner or operator shall submit a single RMP that includes the information required by §§ 68.155 through 

68.185 for all covered processes. The 

RMP shall be submitted in a method 

and format to a central point as specified by EPA prior to June 21, 1999. 

(b) The owner or operator shall submit the first RMP no later than the 

latest of the following dates: 

(1) June 21, 1999; 

(2) Three years after the date on 

which a regulated substance is first 

listed under § 68.130; or 

(3) The date on which a regulated 

substance is first present above a 

threshold quantity in a process. 

(c) Subsequent submissions of RMPs 

shall be in accordance with § 68.190. 

(d) Notwithstanding the provisions of 

§§ 68.155 to 68.190, the RMP shall exclude classified information. Subject to 

appropriate procedures to protect such 

information from public disclosure, 

classified data or information excluded 

from the RMP may be made available 

in a classified annex to the RMP for review by Federal and state representatives who have received the appropriate security clearances. 

(e) Procedures for asserting that information submitted in the RMP is entitled to protection as confidential 

business information are set forth in 

§§ 68.151 and 68.152. 

[61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 979, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.151 Assertion of claims of confidential business information. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, an owner or operator of a stationary source required to 

report or otherwise provide information under this part may make a claim 

28

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

of confidential business information 

for any such information that meets 

the criteria set forth in 40 CFR 2.301. 

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of 

40 CFR part 2, an owner or operator of 

a stationary source subject to this part 

may not claim as confidential business 

information the following information: 

(1) Registration data required by 

§ 68.160(b)(1) through (b)(6) and (b)(8), 

(b)(10) through (b)(13) and NAICS code 

and Program level of the process set 

forth in § 68.160(b)(7); 

(2) Offsite consequence analysis data 

required by § 68.165(b)(4), (b)(9), (b)(10), 

(b)(11), and (b)(12). 

(3) Accident history data required by 

§68.168; 

(4) Prevention program data required 

by § 68.170(b), (d), (e)(1), (f) through (k); 

(5) Prevention program data required 

by § 68.175(b), (d), (e)(1), (f) through (p); 

and 

(6) Emergency response program data 

required by § 68.180. 

(c) Notwithstanding the procedures 

specified in 40 CFR part 2, an owner or 

operator asserting a claim of CBI with 

respect to information contained in its 

RMP, shall submit to EPA at the time 

it submits the RMP the following: 

(1) The information claimed confidential, provided in a format to be 

specified by EPA; 

(2) A sanitized (redacted) copy of the 

RMP, with the notation ‘‘CBI’’ substituted for the information claimed 

confidential, except that a generic category or class name shall be substituted for any chemical name or 

identity claimed confidential; and 

(3) The document or documents substantiating each claim of confidential 

business information, as described in 

§68.152. 

[64 FR 979, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.152 Substantiating claims of confidential business information. 

(a) An owner or operator claiming 

that information is confidential business information must substantiate 

that claim by providing documentation 

that demonstrates that the claim 

meets the substantive criteria set forth 

in 40 CFR 2.301. 

(b) Information that is submitted as 

part of the substantiation may be 

claimed confidential by marking it as 

§ 68.160 

confidential business information. Information not so marked will be treated as public and may be disclosed without notice to the submitter. If information that is submitted as part of the 

substantiation is claimed confidential, 

the owner or operator must provide a 

sanitized and unsanitized version of the 

substantiation. 

(c) The owner, operator, or senior official with management responsibility 

of the stationary source shall sign a 

certification that the signer has personally examined the information submitted and that based on inquiry of the 

persons who compiled the information, 

the information is true, accurate, and 

complete, and that those portions of 

the substantiation claimed as confidential business information would, if disclosed, reveal trade secrets or other 

confidential business information. 

[64 FR 980, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.155 Executive summary. 

The owner or operator shall provide 

in the RMP an executive summary that 

includes a brief description of the following elements: 

(a) The accidental release prevention 

and emergency response policies at the 

stationary source; 

(b) The stationary source and regulated substances handled; 

(c) The worst-case release scenario(s) 

and the alternative release scenario(s), 

including administrative controls and 

mitigation measures to limit the distances for each reported scenario; 

(d) The general accidental release 

prevention program and chemical-specific prevention steps; 

(e) The five-year accident history; 

(f) The emergency response program; 

and 

(g) Planned changes to improve safety. 

§ 68.160 Registration. 

(a) The owner or operator shall complete a single registration form and include it in the RMP. The form shall 

cover all regulated substances handled 

in covered processes. 

(b) The registration shall include the 

following data: 

(1) Stationary source name, street, 

city, county, state, zip code, latitude 

and longitude, method for obtaining 

29

§ 68.165 

latitude and longitude, and description 

of location that latitude and longitude 

represent; 

(2) The stationary source Dun and 

Bradstreet number; 

(3) Name and Dun and Bradstreet 

number of the corporate parent company; 

(4) The name, telephone number, and 

mailing address of the owner or operator; 

(5) The name and title of the person 

or position with overall responsibility 

for RMP elements and implementation; 

(6) The name, title, telephone number, and 24-hour telephone number of 

the emergency contact; 

(7) For each covered process, the 

name and CAS number of each regulated substance held above the threshold quantity in the process, the maximum quantity of each regulated substance or mixture in the process (in 

pounds) to two significant digits, the 

five- or six-digit NAICS code that most 

closely corresponds to the process, and 

the Program level of the process; 

(8) The stationary source EPA identifier; 

(9) The number of full-time employees at the stationary source; 

(10) Whether the stationary source is 

subject to 29 CFR 1910.119; 

(11) Whether the stationary source is 

subject to 40 CFR part 355; 

(12) If the stationary source has a 

CAA Title V operating permit, the permit number; and 

(13) The date of the last safety inspection of the stationary source by a 

Federal, state, or local government 

agency and the identity of the inspecting entity. 

(14) Source or Parent Company EMail Address (Optional); 

(15) Source Homepage address (Optional) 

(16) Phone number at the source for 

public inquiries (Optional); 

(17) Local Emergency Planning Committee (Optional); 

(18) OSHA Voluntary Protection Program status (Optional); 

[61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 980, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.165 Offsite consequence analysis. 

(a) The owner or operator shall submit in the RMP information: 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

(1) One worst-case release scenario 

for each Program 1 process; and 

(2) For Program 2 and 3 processes, 

one worst-case release scenario to represent all regulated toxic substances 

held above the threshold quantity and 

one worst-case release scenario to represent all regulated flammable substances held above the threshold quantity. If additional worst-case scenarios 

for toxics or flammables are required 

by § 68.25(a)(2)(iii), the owner or operator shall submit the same information 

on the additional scenario(s). The 

owner or operator of Program 2 and 3 

processes shall also submit information 

on one alternative release scenario for 

each regulated toxic substance held 

above the threshold quantity and one 

alternative release scenario to represent all regulated flammable substances held above the threshold quantity. 

(b) The owner or operator shall submit the following data: 

(1) Chemical name; 

(2) Percentage weight of the chemical 

in a liquid mixture (toxics only); 

(3) Physical state (toxics only); 

(4) Basis of results (give model name 

if used); 

(5) Scenario (explosion, fire, toxic gas 

release, or liquid spill and evaporation); 

(6) Quantity released in pounds; 

(7) Release rate; 

(8) Release duration; 

(9) Wind speed and atmospheric stability class (toxics only); 

(10) Topography (toxics only); 

(11) Distance to endpoint; 

(12) Public and environmental receptors within the distance; 

(13) Passive mitigation considered; 

and 

(14) Active mitigation considered (alternative releases only); 

[61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 980, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.168 Five-year accident history. 

The owner or operator shall submit 

in the RMP the information provided 

in § 68.42(b) on each accident covered by 

§68.42(a). 

30

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

§ 68.170 Prevention program/Program

2. 

(a) For each Program 2 process, the 

owner or operator shall provide in the 

RMP the information indicated in 

paragraphs (b) through (k) of this section. If the same information applies to 

more than one covered process, the 

owner or operator may provide the information only once, but shall indicate 

to which processes the information applies. 

(b) The five- or six-digit NAICS code 

that most closely corresponds to the 

process. 

(c) The name(s) of the chemical(s) 

covered. 

(d) The date of the most recent review or revision of the safety information and a list of Federal or state regulations or industry-specific design 

codes and standards used to demonstrate compliance with the safety information requirement. 

(e) The date of completion of the 

most recent hazard review or update. 

(1) The expected date of completion 

of any changes resulting from the hazard review; 

(2) Major hazards identified; 

(3) Process controls in use; 

(4) Mitigation systems in use; 

(5) Monitoring and detection systems 

in use; and 

(6) Changes since the last hazard review. 

(f) The date of the most recent review 

or revision of operating procedures. 

(g) The date of the most recent review or revision of training programs; 

(1) The type of training provided— 

classroom, classroom plus on the job, 

on the job; and 

(2) The type of competency testing 

used. 

(h) The date of the most recent review or revision of maintenance procedures and the date of the most recent 

equipment inspection or test and the 

equipment inspected or tested. 

(i) The date of the most recent compliance audit and the expected date of 

completion of any changes resulting 

from the compliance audit. 

(j) The date of the most recent incident investigation and the expected 

date of completion of any changes resulting from the investigation. 

§ 68.175 

(k) The date of the most recent 

change that triggered a review or revision of safety information, the hazard 

review, operating or maintenance procedures, or training. 

[61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 980, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.175 Prevention program/Program

3. 

(a) For each Program 3 process, the 

owner or operator shall provide the information indicated in paragraphs (b) 

through (p) of this section. If the same 

information applies to more than one 

covered process, the owner or operator 

may provide the information only 

once, but shall indicate to which processes the information applies. 

(b) The five- or six-digit NAICS code 

that most closely corresponds to the 

process. 

(c) The name(s) of the substance(s) 

covered. 

(d) The date on which the safety information was last reviewed or revised. 

(e) The date of completion of the 

most recent PHA or update and the 

technique used. 

(1) The expected date of completion 

of any changes resulting from the PHA; 

(2) Major hazards identified; 

(3) Process controls in use; 

(4) Mitigation systems in use; 

(5) Monitoring and detection systems 

in use; and 

(6) Changes since the last PHA. 

(f) The date of the most recent review 

or revision of operating procedures. 

(g) The date of the most recent review or revision of training programs; 

(1) The type of training provided— 

classroom, classroom plus on the job, 

on the job; and 

(2) The type of competency testing 

used. 

(h) The date of the most recent review or revision of maintenance procedures and the date of the most recent 

equipment inspection or test and the 

equipment inspected or tested. 

(i) The date of the most recent 

change that triggered management of 

change procedures and the date of the 

most recent review or revision of management of change procedures. 

(j) The date of the most recent prestartup review. 

31

§ 68.180 

(k) The date of the most recent compliance audit and the expected date of 

completion of any changes resulting 

from the compliance audit; 

(l) The date of the most recent incident investigation and the expected 

date of completion of any changes resulting from the investigation; 

(m) The date of the most recent review or revision of employee participation plans; 

(n) The date of the most recent review or revision of hot work permit 

procedures; 

(o) The date of the most recent review or revision of contractor safety 

procedures; and 

(p) The date of the most recent evaluation of contractor safety performance. 

[61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 980, Jan. 6, 1999] 

§ 68.180 Emergency response program. 

(a) The owner or operator shall provide in the RMP the following information: 

(1) Do you have a written emergency 

response plan? 

(2) Does the plan include specific actions to be taken in response to an accidental releases of a regulated substance? 

(3) Does the plan include procedures 

for informing the public and local 

agencies responsible for responding to 

accidental releases? 

(4) Does the plan include information 

on emergency health care? 

(5) The date of the most recent review or update of the emergency response plan; 

(6) The date of the most recent emergency response training for employees. 

(b) The owner or operator shall provide the name and telephone number of 

the local agency with which emergency 

response activities and the emergency 

response plan is coordinated. 

(c) The owner or operator shall list 

other Federal or state emergency plan 

requirements to which the stationary 

source is subject. 

[61 FR 31726, June 20, 1996, as amended at 64 

FR 980, Jan. 6, 1999] 

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

§ 68.185 Certification. 

(a) For Program 1 processes, the 

owner or operator shall submit in the 

RMP the certification statement provided in § 68.12(b)(4). 

(b) For all other covered processes, 

the owner or operator shall submit in 

the RMP a single certification that, to 

the best of the signer’s knowledge, information, and belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the information submitted is true, accurate, and complete. 

§ 68.190 Updates. 

(a) The owner or operator shall review and update the RMP as specified 

in paragraph (b) of this section and 

submit it in a method and format to a 

central point specified by EPA prior to 

June 21, 1999. 

(b) The owner or operator of a stationary source shall revise and update 

the RMP submitted under § 68.150 as 

follows: 

(1) Within five years of its initial submission or most recent update required 

by paragraphs (b)(2) through (b)(7) of 

this section, whichever is later. 

(2) No later than three years after a 

newly regulated substance is first listed by EPA; 

(3) No later than the date on which a 

new regulated substance is first 

present in an already covered process 

above a threshold quantity; 

(4) No later than the date on which a 

regulated substance is first present 

above a threshold quantity in a new 

process; 

(5) Within six months of a change 

that requires a revised PHA or hazard 

review; 

(6) Within six months of a change 

that requires a revised offsite consequence analysis as provided in § 68.36; 

and 

(7) Within six months of a change 

that alters the Program level that applied to any covered process. 

(c) If a stationary source is no longer 

subject to this part, the owner or operator shall submit a revised registration 

to EPA within six months indicating 

that the stationary source is no longer 

covered. 

32

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 

Subpart H—Other Requirements 

SOURCE: 61 FR 31728, June 20, 1996, unless 

otherwise noted. 

§ 68.200 Recordkeeping. 

The owner or operator shall maintain 

records supporting the implementation 

of this part for five years unless otherwise provided in subpart D of this part. 

§ 68.210 Availability of information to

the public. 

(a) The RMP required under subpart 

G of this part shall be available to the 

public under 42 U.S.C. 7414(c). 

(b) The disclosure of classified information by the Department of Defense 

or other Federal agencies or contractors of such agencies shall be controlled by applicable laws, regulations, 

or executive orders concerning the release of classified information. 

§ 68.215 Permit content and air permitting authority or designated 

agency requirements. 

(a) These requirements apply to any 

stationary source subject to this part 

68 and parts 70 or 71 of this chapter. 

The 40 CFR part 70 or part 71 permit for 

the stationary source shall contain: 

(1) A statement listing this part as 

an applicable requirement; 

(2) Conditions that require the source 

owner or operator to submit: 

(i) A compliance schedule for meeting the requirements of this part by 

the date provided in § 68.10(a) or; 

(ii) As part of the compliance certification submitted under 40 CFR 

70.6(c)(5), a certification statement 

that the source is in compliance with 

all requirements of this part, including 

the registration and submission of the 

RMP. 

(b) The owner or operator shall submit any additional relevant information requested by the air permitting 

authority or designated agency. 

(c) For 40 CFR part 70 or part 71 permits issued prior to the deadline for 

registering and submitting the RMP 

and which do not contain permit conditions described in paragraph (a) of this 

section, the owner or operator or air 

permitting authority shall initiate permit revision or reopening according to 

the procedures of 40 CFR 70.7 or 71.7 to 

§ 68.220 

incorporate the terms and conditions 

consistent with paragraph (a) of this 

section. 

(d) The state may delegate the authority to implement and enforce the 

requirements of paragraph (e) of this 

section to a state or local agency or 

agencies other than the air permitting 

authority. An up-to-date copy of any 

delegation instrument shall be maintained by the air permitting authority. 

The state may enter a written agreement with the Administrator under 

which EPA will implement and enforce 

the requirements of paragraph (e) of 

this section. 

(e) The air permitting authority or 

the agency designated by delegation or 

agreement under paragraph (d) of this 

section shall, at a minimum: 

(1) Verify that the source owner or 

operator has registered and submitted 

an RMP or a revised plan when required by this part; 

(2) Verify that the source owner or 

operator has submitted a source certification or in its absence has submitted a compliance schedule consistent with paragraph (a)(2) of this 

section; 

(3) For some or all of the sources subject to this section, use one or more 

mechanisms such as, but not limited 

to, a completeness check, source audits, record reviews, or facility inspections to ensure that permitted sources 

are in compliance with the requirements of this part; and 

(4) Initiate enforcement action based 

on paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this 

section as appropriate. 

§ 68.220 Audits. 

(a) In addition to inspections for the 

purpose of regulatory development and 

enforcement of the Act, the implementing agency shall periodically 

audit RMPs submitted under subpart G 

of this part to review the adequacy of 

such RMPs and require revisions of 

RMPs when necessary to ensure compliance with subpart G of this part. 

(b) The implementing agency shall 

select stationary sources for audits 

based on any of the following criteria: 

(1) Accident history of the stationary 

source; 

(2) Accident history of other stationary sources in the same industry; 

33

§ 68.220 

(3) Quantity of regulated substances 

present at the stationary source; 

(4) Location of the stationary source 

and its proximity to the public and environmental receptors; 

(5) The presence of specific regulated 

substances; 

(6) The hazards identified in the 

RMP; and 

(7) A plan providing for neutral, random oversight. 

(c) Exemption from audits. A stationary source with a Star or Merit 

ranking under OSHA’s voluntary protection program shall be exempt from 

audits under paragraph (b)(2) and (b)(7) 

of this section. 

(d) The implementing agency shall 

have access to the stationary source, 

supporting documentation, and any 

area where an accidental release could 

occur. 

(e) Based on the audit, the implementing agency may issue the owner 

or operator of a stationary source a 

written preliminary determination of 

necessary revisions to the stationary 

source’s RMP to ensure that the RMP 

meets the criteria of subpart G of this 

part. The preliminary determination 

shall include an explanation for the 

basis for the revisions, reflecting industry standards and guidelines (such as 

AIChE/CCPS guidelines and ASME and 

API standards) to the extent that such 

standards and guidelines are applicable, and shall include a timetable for 

their implementation. 

(f) Written response to a preliminary determination. (1) The owner or operator 

shall respond in writing to a preliminary determination made in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section. 

The response shall state the owner or 

operator will implement the revisions 

contained in the preliminary determination in accordance with the timetable included in the preliminary determination or shall state that the 

owner or operator rejects the revisions 

in whole or in part. For each rejected 

revision, the owner or operator shall 

explain the basis for rejecting such revision. Such explanation may include 

substitute revisions. 

(2) The written response under paragraph (f)(1) of this section shall be received by the implementing agency 

within 90 days of the issue of the pre40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

liminary determination or a shorter 

period of time as the implementing 

agency specifies in the preliminary determination as necessary to protect 

public health and the environment. 

Prior to the written response being due 

and upon written request from the 

owner or operator, the implementing 

agency may provide in writing additional time for the response to be received. 

(g) After providing the owner or operator an opportunity to respond under 

paragraph (f) of this section, the implementing agency may issue the owner 

or operator a written final determination of necessary revisions to the stationary source’s RMP. The final determination may adopt or modify the revisions contained in the preliminary 

determination under paragraph (e) of 

this section or may adopt or modify 

the substitute revisions provided in the 

response under paragraph (f) of this 

section. A final determination that 

adopts a revision rejected by the owner 

or operator shall include an explanation of the basis for the revision. A 

final determination that fails to adopt 

a substitute revision provided under 

paragraph (f) of this section shall include an explanation of the basis for 

finding such substitute revision unreasonable. 

(h) Thirty days after completion of 

the actions detailed in the implementation schedule set in the final determination under paragraph (g) of this 

section, the owner or operator shall be 

in violation of subpart G of this part 

and this section unless the owner or 

operator revises the RMP prepared 

under subpart G of this part as required 

by the final determination, and submits the revised RMP as required 

under § 68.150. 

(i) The public shall have access to the 

preliminary determinations, responses, 

and final determinations under this 

section in a manner consistent with 

§68.210. 

(j) Nothing in this section shall preclude, limit, or interfere in any way 

with the authority of EPA or the state 

to exercise its enforcement, investigatory, and information gathering authorities concerning this part under 

the Act. 

34

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA Pt. 68, App. A 

APPENDIX A TO PART 68—T ABLE OF 

TOXIC ENDPOINTS 

[As defined in § 68.22 of this part]

CAS No. Chemical name Toxic end­ point (mg/L) 

107–02–8 ............................................107–13–1 ............................................814–68–6 ............................................107–18–6 ............................................107–11–9 ............................................7664–41–7 ..........................................7664–41–7 ..........................................7784–34–1 ..........................................7784–42–1 ..........................................10294–34–5 ........................................7637–07–2 ..........................................353–42–4 ............................................7726–95–6 ..........................................75–15–0 ..............................................7782–50–5 ..........................................10049–04–4 ........................................67–66–3 ..............................................542–88–1 ............................................107–30–2 ............................................4170–30–3 ..........................................123–73–9 ............................................506–77–4 ............................................108–91–8 ............................................19287–45–7 ........................................75–78–5 ..............................................57–14–7 ..............................................106–89–8 ............................................107–15–3 ............................................151–56–4 ............................................75–21–8 ..............................................7782–41–4 ..........................................50–00–0 ..............................................110–00–9 ............................................302–01–2 ............................................7647–01–0 ..........................................74–90–8 ..............................................7647–01–0 ..........................................7664–39–3 ..........................................7783–07–5 ..........................................7783–06–4 ..........................................13463–40–6 ........................................78–82–0 ..............................................108–23–6 ............................................126–98–7 ............................................ 

Acrolein [2-Propenal] .................................................................................................................................................................................. Acrylonitrile [2-Propenenitrile] ..................................................................................................................................................................... Acrylyl chloride [2-Propenoyl chloride] ....................................................................................................................................................... Allyl alcohol [2-Propen-1-ol] ........................................................................................................................................................................ Allylamine [2-Propen-1-amine] ................................................................................................................................................................... Ammonia (anhydrous) ................................................................................................................................................................................ Ammonia (conc 20% or greater) ................................................................................................................................................................ Arsenous trichloride .................................................................................................................................................................................... Arsine .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... Boron trichloride [Borane, trichloro-] ........................................................................................................................................................... Boron trifluoride [Borane, trifluoro-] ............................................................................................................................................................ Boron trifluoride compound with methyl ether (1:1) [Boron, trifluoro[oxybis[methane]]-, T-4 ....................................................................Bromine ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... Carbon disulfide .......................................................................................................................................................................................... Chlorine ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... Chlorine dioxide [Chlorine oxide (ClO2)] .................................................................................................................................................... Chloroform [Methane, trichloro-] ................................................................................................................................................................. Chloromethyl ether [Methane, oxybis[chloro-] ............................................................................................................................................ Chloromethyl methyl ether [Methane, chloromethoxy-] .............................................................................................................................. Crotonaldehyde [2-Butenal] ........................................................................................................................................................................ Crotonaldehyde, (E)-, [2-Butenal, (E)-] ....................................................................................................................................................... Cyanogen chloride ...................................................................................................................................................................................... Cyclohexylamine [Cyclohexanamine] ......................................................................................................................................................... Diborane ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... Dimethyldichlorosilane [Silane, dichlorodimethyl-] ..................................................................................................................................... 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine [Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl-] ...................................................................................................................................... Epichlorohydrin [Oxirane, (chloromethyl)-] ................................................................................................................................................. Ethylenediamine [1,2-Ethanediamine] ........................................................................................................................................................ Ethyleneimine [Aziridine] ............................................................................................................................................................................ Ethylene oxide [Oxirane] ............................................................................................................................................................................ Fluorine ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... Formaldehyde (solution) ............................................................................................................................................................................. Furan ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... Hydrazine .................................................................................................................................................................................................... Hydrochloric acid (conc 37% or greater) .................................................................................................................................................... Hydrocyanic acid ........................................................................................................................................................................................ Hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) [Hydrochloric acid] ................................................................................................................................... Hydrogen fluoride/Hydrofluoric acid (conc 50% or greater) [Hydrofluoric acid] ......................................................................................... Hydrogen selenide ...................................................................................................................................................................................... Hydrogen sulfide ......................................................................................................................................................................................... Iron, pentacarbonyl- [Iron carbonyl (Fe(CO)5), (TB–5–11)-] ...................................................................................................................... Isobutyronitrile [Propanenitrile, 2-methyl-] .................................................................................................................................................. Isopropyl chloroformate [Carbonochloride acid, 1-methylethyl ester] ........................................................................................................ Methacrylonitrile [2-Propenenitrile, 2-methyl-] ............................................................................................................................................ 

0.0011 

0.076

0.000900.036

0.0032

0.14

0.14

0.010 

0.0019

0.010

0.028

0.023

0.00650.16 0.0087

0.0028

0.49

0.000250.0018

0.029

0.029

0.030 

0.16

0.0011 

0.026

0.012

0.0760.49

0.018

0.090

0.0039

0.012

0.0012

0.011

0.030

0.011 

0.030

0.016

0.00066 

0.042 

0.00044

0.14

0.10

0.0027 

35

Pt. 68, App. A 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–99 Edition) 

36


APPENDIX A TO PART 68—T ABLE OF 

TOXIC ENDPOINTS—Continued

[As defined in § 68.22 of this part]

CAS No. Chemical name Toxic end­ point (mg/L) 

74–87–3 ..............................................79–22–1 ..............................................60–34–4 ..............................................624–83–9 ............................................74–93–1 ..............................................556–64–9 ............................................75–79–6 ..............................................13463–39–3 ........................................7697–37–2 ..........................................10102–43–9 ........................................8014–95–7 ..........................................79–21–0 ..............................................594–42–3 ............................................75–44–5 ..............................................7803–51–2 ..........................................10025–87–3 ........................................7719–12–2 ..........................................110–89–4 ............................................107–12–0 ............................................109–61–5 ............................................75–55–8 ..............................................75–56–9 ..............................................7446–09–5 ..........................................7783–60–0 ..........................................7446–11–9 ..........................................75–74–1 ..............................................509–14–8 ............................................7750–45–0 ..........................................584–84–9 ............................................91–08–7 ..............................................26471–62–5 ........................................75–77–4 ..............................................108–05–4 ............................................ 

Methyl chloride [Methane, chloro-] ............................................................................................................................................................. Methyl chloroformate [Carbonochloridic acid, methylester] ....................................................................................................................... Methyl hydrazine [Hydrazine, methyl-] ....................................................................................................................................................... Methyl isocyanate [Methane, isocyanato-] ................................................................................................................................................. Methyl mercaptan [Methanethiol] ............................................................................................................................................................... Methyl thiocyanate [Thiocyanic acid, methyl ester] .................................................................................................................................... Methyltrichlorosilane [Silane, trichloromethyl-] ........................................................................................................................................... Nickel carbonyl ........................................................................................................................................................................................... Nitric acid (conc 80% or greater) ............................................................................................................................................................... Nitric oxide [Nitrogen oxide (NO)] .............................................................................................................................................................. Oleum (Fuming Sulfuric acid) [Sulfuric acid, mixture with sulfur trioxide] ................................................................................................. Peracetic acid [Ethaneperoxoic acid] ......................................................................................................................................................... Perchloromethylmercaptan [Methanesulfenyl chloride, trichloro-] .............................................................................................................. Phosgene [Carbonic dichloride] .................................................................................................................................................................. Phosphine ................................................................................................................................................................................................... Phosphorus oxychloride [Phosphoryl chloride] .......................................................................................................................................... Phosphorus trichloride [Phosphorous trichloride] ....................................................................................................................................... Piperidine .................................................................................................................................................................................................... Propionitrile [Propanenitrile] ........................................................................................................................................................................ Propyl chloroformate [Carbonochloridic acid, propylester] ......................................................................................................................... Propyleneimine [Aziridine, 2-methyl-] ......................................................................................................................................................... Propylene oxide [Oxirane, methyl-] ............................................................................................................................................................ Sulfur dioxide (anhydrous) .......................................................................................................................................................................... Sulfur tetrafluoride [Sulfur fluoride (SF4), (T-4)-] ....................................................................................................................................... Sulfur trioxide .............................................................................................................................................................................................. Tetramethyllead [Plumbane, tetramethyl-] .................................................................................................................................................. Tetranitromethane [Methane, tetranitro-] .................................................................................................................................................... Titanium tetrachloride [Titanium chloride (TiCl4) (T-4)-] ............................................................................................................................ Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate [Benzene, 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methyl-] .............................................................................................................. Toluene 2,6-diisocyanate [Benzene, 1,3-diisocyanato-2-methyl-] .............................................................................................................. Toluene diisocyanate (unspecified isomer) [Benzene, 1,3-diisocyanatomethyl-] ...................................................................................... Trimethylchlorosilane [Silane, chlorotrimethyl-] .......................................................................................................................................... Vinyl acetate monomer [Acetic acid ethenyl ester] .................................................................................................................................... 

0.82

0.0019

0.0094

0.00120.0490.0850.018

0.00067 

0.026

0.031

0.0100.00450.0076

0.00081

0.0035 

0.0030

0.028

0.022

0.0037 

0.0100.120.59

0.0078

0.0092

0.010

0.0040

0.0040

0.0200.00700.00700.0070

0.0500.26 

[61 FR 31729, June 20, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 45132, Aug. 25, 1997]