TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

NO. 03-05-00155-CR

Henry Prince, Appellant

v.

The State of Texas, Appellee

FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF TRAVIS COUNTY, 299TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT

NO. D-1-DC-2004-3041684, HONORABLE JON N. WISSER, JUDGE PRESIDING

M E M O R A N D U M O P I N I O N

After accepting appellant Henry Prince’s guilty plea, the district court adjudged him

guilty of burglary of a habitation and imposed a fifteen-year prison sentence. See Tex. Pen. Code Ann.

§ 30.02 (West 2003). In his only point of error, Prince urges that the conviction must be reversed

because the trial court’s conflicting admonishments regarding punishment raise “grave doubt” as to

whether the guilty plea was knowingly and voluntarily made. We will overrule this contention and

affirm the conviction.

Following his arrest in September 2004, Prince was found incompetent to stand trial and

committed to the Austin State Hospital. On January 5, 2005, Prince reappeared in district court and was

at that time determined to be competent. Prince told the court that he was not guilty of burglary. Before

continuing the cause to a later date, the court correctly advised Prince that the penalty range for the

charged offense was two to twenty years.
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Prince returned to court on February 10, 2005, and entered a plea of guilty. Introduced

as court’s exhibit one was a written admonishment and judicial confession signed by Prince and his

attorney. By his initials on this form, Prince indicated that he had been told and understood that the

offense was a second degree felony carrying a punishment of two to twenty years in prison and a fine

of up to $10,000. Prince also told the court that he had discussed the document with his attorney and

understood it. After Prince entered his plea, however, the court asked him if he understood that the

range of punishment was two to ten years. Prince said he understood. Prince’s counsel did not object

or ask the court to correct its misstatement of the punishment range. The court accepted the plea and

reset the cause for sentencing.

Sentencing was held on February 22, 2005. After hearing brief testimony by the

arresting officer and reviewing the presentence report, the court assessed punishment at fifteen years’

imprisonment.

Prince acknowledges being told the correct punishment range on February 5. He also

concedes that he was properly admonished in writing pursuant to article 26.13. Tex. Code Crim. Proc.

Ann. art. 26.13(a)(1), (d) (West Supp. 2005). Nevertheless, he urges that the trial court’s misstatement

of the punishment range after he pleaded guilty—and his reply to the court at that time that he

understood the punishment range—raises a serious question as to whether he truly appreciated the

punishment he risked by pleading guiltywithout a plea bargain. He asserts that the court’s misstatement

of the punishment range was nonconstitutional error that should be analyzed for harm in the manner

described in Burnett v. State, 88 S.W.3d 633, 637-39 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002). 

In Burnett, the trial court totally failed to admonish the defendant regarding the range

of punishment. The court wrote:
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[I]f the reviewing court has “a grave doubt” that the result was free from the

substantial influence of the error, then it must treat the error as if it did. “Grave

doubt” means that “in the judge’s mind, the matter is so evenly balanced that he feels

himself in virtual equipoise as to the harmlessness of the error.” Thus, “in cases of

grave doubt as to harmlessness the petitioner must win.”

Id. at 637-38 (quoting United States v. Lane, 474 U.S. 438, 449 (1986) and O’Neal v. McAninch, 513

U.S. 432, 433-36 (1995)) (footnotes omitted). The court went on:

[T]o warrant a reversal on direct appeal, the record must support an inference that

appellant did not know the consequences of his plea. Reviewing courts must

examine the entire record to determine whether, on its face, anything in the record

suggests that a defendant did not know the consequences of his plea—here, the range

of punishment. . . . The reviewing court also may simultaneously consider record

facts from which one would reasonably infer that a defendant did know the

consequences of his plea or, in this case, was actually aware of the range of

punishment. . . . If, after a conscientious examination of the record, the reviewing

court is left with “grave doubt” on the matter, the error is not harmless.

Id. at 638-39 (footnotes omitted). The court of criminal appeals determined that the record as a

whole demonstrated that the defendant knew the range of punishment, and therefore the trial court’s

failure to admonish him as to the punishment range was harmless error. Id. at 641.

In his brief, Prince argues that “[t]here is no reason to believe that by virtue of the

correct admonishments provided at the January 5 arraignment and on the written plea form, [he]

should have known that the trial court’s recitation of a ten year maximum was incorrect. In fact, [he]

affirmed that he understood the ten year maximum to be correct upon inquiry by the trial court.”

Prince concludes that “the present record leaves grave doubt as to whether [he] was aware of the

correct range of punishment” and therefore the conviction must be reversed.
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A conscientious review of the record leaves little doubt, much less grave doubt, that

appellant knew the actual range of punishment for this offense. The record reflects that before

announcing his plea, Prince had twice been told the correct range of punishment: at the February 5

hearing and in the written admonishments. Thus, the record supports the inference that at the time

he pleaded guilty, Prince understood that he could receive up to twenty years in prison. And because

the court’s misstatement of the punishment range was made after Prince entered his guilty plea,

albeit before the plea was accepted, there is no basis in the record for suspecting that the

misstatement induced the plea. There is no reason to believe that Prince would have withdrawn his

guilty plea if he had been told the correct punishment range—for the third time—after the plea was

entered. 

Under the circumstances shown, we conclude that the trial court’s misstatement of

the punishment range after the guilty plea was entered did not mislead or harm Prince. Therefore,

we overrule the point of error and affirm the judgment of conviction.

__________________________________________

Bea Ann Smith, Justice

Before Justices B. A. Smith, Patterson and Puryear

Affirmed

Filed: August 4, 2006

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