### C OMMONWEALTH OF 

### M ASSACHUSETTS


### E XECUTIVE 

### O FFICE OF 

### E NERGY & 

### E NVIRONMENTAL 

### A FFAIRS


### D EPARTMENT OF 

### E NVIRONMENTAL 

### P ROTECTION

ONE WINTER STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108 617-292-5500

DEVAL L. PATRICK
Governor

TIMOTHY P. MURRAY
Lieutenant Governor IAN A. BOWLES Secretary

LAURIE BURT

Commissioner

This information is available in alternate format. Call Donald M. Gomes, ADA Coordinator at 617-556-1057. TDD Service - 1-800-2 98-2207.

MassDEP on the World Wide Web: http://www.mass.gov/dep
Printed on Recycled Paper 

# Final Massachusetts State Implementation Plan
To Demonstrate Attainment of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone

January 31, 2008i This page intentionally left blankii 

# Massachusetts State Implementation Plan
To Demonstrate Attainment of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS ii
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES viii
LIST OF APPENDICES x
REFERENCES xii
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS xiv

Section Page



## Section 1 Introduction and Background

1.1 Summary and Purpose of Document 1
1.2 Ozone Formation and Health Impacts 2
1.3 1-Hour Ozone NAAQS 2
1.4 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS 2 1.5 MA 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS Compliance 2



## Section 2 Emissions Inventories

2.1 Purpose of Section 1
2.2 2002 Base Year Inventory Pollutants 1
2.3 2008 and 2009 Projected Inventories 1
2.4 2012 Projected Inventory 2
2.5 Emissions Inventory Trends 3



## Section 3 Control Measures

3.0 Purpose of Section 1
3.1 Post-2002 Emissions Reductions 1
3.1.1 MA 1-Hour Ozone Standard Control Measures 1
3.1.2 New MA Control Measures 2 3.1.3 Emissions from States Upwind of MA 2
3.2 Federal “On-the-Way” On-Road M obile Source Measures 3
3.2.1 Tier 2/Fuel Standards 3 3.2.2 Heavy-Duty Engine and Fuel Standards 3 3.3 Federal “On-the-Way” Non-Road Mobile Source Measures 3 3.3.1 Non-Road Diesel Engine and Fuel Standards 4 3.3.2 Non-Road Spark Ignition (Gas oline) Engine and Fuel Standards 4 3.3.3 Marine Diesel Engine Standards 5iii 3.3.4 New Federal Portable Fuel Containers (PFCs) Regulation 5 3.4 Massachusetts “On-the-Way” Control Measures 5 3.4.1 Low Emission Vehicle Program (LEV) 5 3.4.2 NOx Budget Program 6 3.5 Massachusetts New or Revised Regulations 6
3.5.1 MA Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) 7
3.5.2 RACT Measures 7
3.5.3 Consumer Products and AIM Coatings 8
3.5.4 Adhesives and Sealants 8
3.5.5 Effective Date of Control Measures and Estimated Reductions 8



## Section 4 Reasonable Furth er Progress Demonstration

4.1 Purpose of Section 1
4.2 Reasonable Further Progress Re quirements and Methodology 1
4.3 2002 RFP Adjusted Base Year Inventory 2
4.4 Target Level of Emissions 4
4.5 2008 Projected Emissions Inventory 5 4.5.1 Stationary Point Sources
4.5.2 Area Sources
4.5.3 On-Road and Non-Road Mobile Sources 4.6 Summary 6



## Section 5 Attainment Demonstration

5.1 Purpose of Section 1

5.2 Ozone Conceptual Model 2 5.2.1 Conceptual Description for Ozone Episodes in Massachusetts 5.2.2 Geographical Considerations 5.2.3 Transport 5.2.4 Primary Meteorological Regimes for Massachusetts

5.3 OTC Modeling Protocol 5 5.3.1 Modeling Protocol (2003) 5.3.2 Modeling Protocol (2006)

5.4. Review of 2002 Ozone Episodes 5

5.4.1 Episode Selection Criteria 5.4.2 OTR Modeling Domain Episode Selection Procedure

5.5 Modeling Domain 6

5.5.1 Description
5.5.2 Horizontal Grid Size 5.5.3 Number of Vertical Layersiv 5.6 Photochemical Grid Modeling System 7

5.6.1 Photochemical Modeling System 5.6.2 CMAQ Modeling System Codes 5.6.3 CMAQ Model Setup for the OTR Domain

5.7 Meteorological Modeling System 5.7.1 MM5 Meteorological Model 5.7.2 MM5 Meteorological Fields
5.7.3 MM5 Model Performance

5.8 Biogenic Emissions 10

5.8.1 BEIS Modeling System 5.8.2 OTR Modeling Domain Biogenic Emissions

5.9 Boundary and Initial Conditions 11 5.9.1 Generation of Boundary Conditions 5.9.2 OTR Modeling Domain Boundary and Initial Conditions

5.10 CMAQ Emission Files for 2002 11

5.10.1 Regional Planning Organization Emissi on Inventories for 2002 11 5.10.2 MANE-VU Emission Inventory for 2002
5.10.3 Emission Files for the OTR Domain
5.10.3.1 MANE-VU Emission Files for 2002
5.10.3.2 CENRAP Emission Files for 2002
5.10.3.3 MRPO Emission Files for 2002
5.10.3.4 VISTAS Emission Files for 2002
5.10.3.5 Canadian Emission Files for 2002

5.11 New OTR Control Measures for 2009 14

5.11.1 Potential OTR Control Measures for 2009 5.11.2 Final OTR Beyond On the Way (BOTW) Control Measures

5.12 CMAQ Emission Files for 2009 with OTR BOTW Control Measures 15 5.12.1 Regional Planning Organization Emissi on Inventories for 2009
5.12.2 MANEVU Emission Inve ntory with BOTW Control Measures for 2009
5.12.3 Emission Files for the OTR Domain
5.12.3.1 MANE-VU Emission Files for 2009
5.12.3.2 CENRAP Emission Files for 2009
5.12.3.4 MRPO Emission Files for 2009
5.12.3.5 VISTAS Emission Files for 2009
5.12.3.6 Canadian Emission Files for 2009

5.13 Quality Assurance of CMAQ Databases 17v 5.14 CMAQ Model Simulation for 2002 Base Case 18

5.14.1 CMAQ 2009 Base Case Application 5.14.2 CMAQ Input Files for 2002
5.14.2.1 Emission Files for 2002 5.14.2.2 Boundary and Initial Conditions for 2002 5.14.2.3 Meteorological Files for 2002 5.14.2.4 Photolysis Rates 5.14.3 CMAQ Output Files for 2002

5.15 Performance Evaluation of 2002 Simulation 19

5.15.1 NY DEC Evaluation for OTR Modeling Domain 5.15.2 CMAQ Spatial Performance in New England States 5.15.3 CMAQ Model Metrics in New England States

5.16 CMAQ Model Simulation for 2009 Control Strategy 26

5.16.1 CMAQ 2009 Application 5.16.2 CMAQ Input Files for 2009
5.16.2.1 Emission Files for 2009 5.16.2.2 Boundary and Initial Conditions for 2009 5.16.2.3 Meteorological Files for 2009 5.16.2.4 Photolysis Rates 5.16.3 CMAQ Output Files for 2009

5.17. Predicted Design Values for 2009 27

5.17.1 Design Values for 2002 (DVC) 5.17.2 Relative Response Factor for 2009 (RRF) 5.17.3 Design Values for 2009 (DVF)

5.18 Estimating Design Values at Unmonitored Locations 32

5.18.1 Massachusetts Ozone Monitoring Network 5.18.2 Future Year Design Values at Unmonitored Locations

5.19. Weight of Evidence 33

5.19.1 Air Quality Trends
5.19.2 Emission Trends
5.19.3 Excess Reductions
5.19.4 2012 Future Year Simulation
5.19.5 Elevated Ozone Episodes in 2007

5.20 Conclusions 48vi 

## Section 6 Reasonably Availabl e Control Technology (RACT)

6.1 Purpose of Section 1
6.2 Overview of 1-Hour Ozone Standard RACT 1
6.2.1 Pre-1990 RACT Requirements 1
6.2.2 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments 1
6.2.3 Massachusetts 1-Hour RACT Compliance 2
6.2.4 Results of 1-Hour RACT Implementation In MA 3
6.3 8-Hour Ozone Standard RACT Requirements 5
6.3.1 Required Analysis 5
6.3.2 Applicable Thresholds 6
6.4 VOC RACT Analysis 6
6.4.1 CTGs 7
6.4.2 New CTGs 7 6.4.3 Non-CTG Major VOC Sources 7
6.5 NOx RACT analysis 8 6.5.1 Municipal Waste Combustors 8 6.5.2 NOx Cap-and-Trade Program Sources 9
6.6 RACT Revisions 10
6.6.1 Solvent Cleaning 10
6.6.2 Gasoline Dispensing Vapor Control 10
6.6.3 Asphalt Paving 11
6.7 RACT Conclusions 12



## Section 7 Reasonably Availabl e Control Measures (RACM)

7.1 Purpose of Section 1
7.2 RACM Analysis Criteria 1
7.3 OTC Regional RACM Analysis 2
7.4 Point and Area Source RACM Analysis for MA 3
7.5 Mobile Source RACM 5
7.6 MA Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Projects 7
7.7 Mobile Source RACM Conclusions 7
7.8 Overall RACM Conclusions 8



## Section 8 Contingency Measures

8.1 Purpose of Section 1
8.2 Contingency Requirements 1

8.3 RFP Contingency 1
8.4 Attainment Contingency 2
8.5 Conclusions 3



## Section 9 Transportation Conformity

9.1 Purpose of Section 1
9.2 Background 1
9.3 Methodology 1
9.4 Mobile Source Budgets 3vii This page intentionally left blankviii 

## List of Figures and Tables

Section 2 Emissions Inventories

Figure 2.1: Projected Anthropogenic VOC Emission Trends for MA Figure 2.2: Projected Anthropogeni c VOC Emission Trends for MA Table 2.1: Massachusetts 2002 BY Emissions for 2008, 2009 and 2012

Section 3 Control Measures

Table CM 1: MassDEP Schedule for Promulga tion of Control Measure Regulations
Table CM 2: Federal and Massachuse tts Post-2002 Control Measures
Table CM 3:Estimated Reductions From Post-2002 Control Measures

Section 4 Reasonable Further Progress

Table RFP 1: 2002 RFP Adjustment Base Year Inventory Table RFP 2: 2008 Target Levels and Reductions Needed (TPSD) Table RFP 3: 2002 Adjusted Base Year, 2008 Proj ected Emissions and Target Level Comparison

Section 5 Attainment Demonstration

Figures Figure AD1: Eastern and Western Massachus etts Non-Attainment Area Figure AD2: July 7, 2002 Ozone and Isobar Maps Figure AD3: July 31, 2002 Ozone and Isobar Maps Figure AD4: OTR Photochemical Grid Modeling Domain (Eastern Modeling Domain) Figure AD5: Regional Haze Regional planning Organizations (RPOs) Figure AD6: MM5 Modeling Domains (36 km and 12 km) Figure AD7: Maximum 8-Hour Values on August 8, 2002 Figure AD8: July 31, 2002 Ozone and Isobar Maps Figure AD7: Eastern and Western Massachusetts Non-Attainment Area Figure AD8: Eastern and Western Massachusetts Non-Attainment Area Figure AD9: Maximum 8-Hour Values on June 21, 2002 Figure AD10: Maximum 8-Hour Values on July 18, 2002 Figure AD11: Hourly Ozone Values for 2002 Ozone Season Figure AD12: Massachusetts Ozone Monitors for 2002 Figure AD13: Design Value Trends in East ern Massachusetts Figure AD14: Design Value Trends in Western Massac husetts Figure AD15: Emissions in MA for 2002, 2009 and 2012 BOTW Emission Scenarios Figure AD16: Emissions in CT, RI, NY and NJ for BOTW Emission Scen arios Figure AD17: NO2 Reductions by Sector between 2009 and 2012 Figure AD18: VOC Reductions by Sector between 2009 and 2012 Figure AD19: Synoptic Pattern for Typical Ozone Episode Figure AD20: Streamline Analysis on 8/30/07 Figure AD21: Synoptic Pattern on 8/30/07ix Figure AD22: Wind Speeds 8/30/07 at 11 AM EDT Figure AD23: Satellite Photo 8/30/07 Figure AD24: Max Temperatures 8/3/07 Figure AD25: Wind Vectors 8/3/07 11 EDT Figure AD26: Satellite Photo 8/3/07

Tables Table AD1: MANE-VU 2002 Anthropogenic Emissions (Tons/Year) Table AD2: MANE-VU 2009 Anthropogenic Emi ssions with BOTW Controls (Tons/Yr)
Table AD3: Mean Normalized Gross Error and Mean Normalized Bias for MA Ozone Monitors
Table AD4: Mean Normalized Gross Error and Mean No rmalized Bias for RI Ozone Monitors
Table AD5: Mean Normalized Gross Error and Mean No rmalized Bias for CT Ozone Monitors
Table AD6: Mean Normalized Gross Error and Mean Normalized Bias for NH Ozone Monitors
Table AD7: Mean Normalized Gross Error and Mean No rmalized Bias for VT Ozone Monitors
Table AD8: Mean Normalized Gross Error and Mean Normalized Bias for ME Ozone Monitors Table AD9: 2009 Design Values (DVF) in Massachusetts for 2009 BOTW Emission Scenario Table AD10: 2009 Design Values (DVF) in New Hampshire for 2009 BOTW Emission Scenario Table AD11: 2009 Design Values (DVF) in Connecticut for 2009 BOTW Emission Scenario Table AD12: 2009 Design Values (DVF) in Maine for 2009 BOTW Emission Scenario Table AD13: 2009 Design Values (DVF) in Vermont for 2009 BOTW Emission Scenario Table AD14: 2009 Design Values (DVF) in Rhode Is land for 2009 BOTW Emission Scenario Table AD15: MANE-VU Anthropogenic Emissions in T ons/Year for 2002, 2009 and 2012)
Table AD16: Percent Ozone Reductions at MA Ozone Monitors Table AD17: Design Values in Massachus etts for 2009 and 2012 BOTW Emissions
Table AD18: PM 2.5 Concentrations 8/3/07

Section 6 RACT Figure RACT 1: MA Stationary Point Source VOC Emission Trends Figure RACT 2: MA 2002 VOC Emissions by Source Category Figure RACT 3: MA Stationary Point Source NOx Emissions Trends Figure RACT 4: MA2002 NOx Emissions by Source Sector
Table RACT 1: MassDEP 1-hour Ozone Standa rd RACT Regulations and 8-Hour Ozone
Standard RACT Certification Table RACT 2: MassDEP Single Source 1-Hour Ozone Standard RACT Determinations and 1-
Hour Ozone Standard RACT Certification Table RACT 3: NOx Allowance Trading Program Sources

Section 7 RACM Table RACM 1: OTC Recommended Control Measures and MA RACM Analysis Table RACM 2: Transportation Contro l Measures Adopted in EMA and WMA

Section 8 Contingency Measures Table CGM 1: Required Attainment Contingency Table CGM 2: Comparison: 2011 Projec tions and Contingency Requirement

Section 9 Transportation Conformity Table TC 1: 2008 and 2009 EMA and WMA Mobile Source Budgetsx 

## List of Appendices

Appendix to Section 2 Emissions Inventories

Massachusetts 2002 Baseline Emission Inventory of Volatile Organic Compounds, Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, Particulat e Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, Ammonia. MassDEP, September 2007.



### Appendix to Section 3 Control Measures

3A. Massachusetts 1-Hour Ozone Standard Control Measures 3B. MA 2002 to 2009 VOC & NOx Projections by Categories Eastern and Western MA



### Appendices to Section 4 Reasonable Further Progress

4A. MA 2008 Projections by Categories
4B. Mobile Emission Factors for 2002 and 2008



### Appendices to Section 5 Attainment Demonstration

5A. The Nature of the Ozone Air Quality Problem in the Ozone Transport Region: A Conceptual Description 5B. A Modeling Protocol for the OTC SIP Quality Modeling System for Assessment of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality St andard in the Ozone Transport Region 5C. Determination of Representativeness of 2002 Ozone Season for Ozone Transport Region SIP Modeling

5D. OTC CMAQ Air Quality Model Configuration
5E. OTC MM5 Meteorological Model Configuration
5F. TSD-1a Meteorological Modeling using Penn State/NCAR 5 th Generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) 5G. TSD-1b Processing of Biogenic emissions for OTC/ MANE-VU

5H

. Development of CMAQ Boundary Conditions 5I. Technical Support Document for 2002 MANE -VU SIP Modeling Inventories,Version 3
5J. TSD-1c Emissions Processing for 2002 OTC Re gional and Urban 12km BaseYear
Simulation
5K. Identification and Evaluation of Candidate Control Measures

5L. Development of Emission Projections Fo r 2009, 2012, and 2018 for NonEGU Point, Area,and Nonroad Source in the MANE-VU Region
5M. TSD-1f Future Year Emissions I nventory for 8-h OTC Ozone Modeling

5N. TSD-1d 8-h Ozone modeling using the SMOKE/CMAQ system 5O. CMAQ Ozone Predictions versus 2002 Ozone Observations for the OTR States 5P. CMAQ Predicted Daily Ozone Maps for 2002 for the OTR States 5Q

. TSD-1e CMAQ Model Performance and Assessment 8-h OTC Ozone Modeling 5R. CMAQ Model Statistics for the OTR States

5S

. CMAQ Input and Output Files for OTR Modeling Domain

5T. TSD-1g Relative Response Factor (RRF) and “Modeled Attainment Test ” 5U. TSD-1h Projected 8-h ozone air qua lity over the Ozone Transport Regionxi 

### Appendix to Section 7 RACM

7A List of FHWA Congestion Mitigatio n and Air Quality Funded Projects



### Appendix to Section 8 Contingency Measures

8A MassDEP 2011 Mobile Source Emissions Pr ojections - Methodology and Calculation



### Appendices to Section 9 Conformity

9A Estimated Emissions 2008, 2009 (by MPO)
9B HPMS Conversions
9C Off-Model Sources 9D MassDEP Memos - Mobile 6.2 Inpu t Files Description (2008 and 2009) 9E Mobile Input Files (Zipped)xii 

## References

1. EPA (2007): Guidance on the use of Models and Other Analyses for Demonstrating Attainment of Air Quality Goals for Ozone, PM 2.5 and Regional Haze ( http://www.epa.gov/ttn/scram/guidance_sip.htm - 8ozone )

2. NESCAUM (2006): The Nature of the Ozone Air Quality Problem in the Ozone Transport Region A Conceptual Description ( http://www.otcair.org/projects_de tails.asp?FID=101&fview=modeling )

3. Environ (2006): Determination of Repres entativeness of 2002 Ozone Season for Ozone Transport Region SIP Modeling ( http://www.otcair.org/projects_deta ils.asp?FID=101&fview=modeling - )

4. Dalin Zhang (2000): Development of meteorol ogical database for summer 1997 using MM5 at
12 km resolution in Photochemical Model Simulations

5. Dalin Zhang and William Zheng (2004): Diurnal cy cles of surface winds and temperatures as simulated by five boundary-layer parameteriza tions, Journal of Appl. Meteorology 43, 157-169

6. Moon, N. and D. Byun: (2004) A simple user’s guide for “geos2cmaq”code: Linking CMAQ with GEOS-CHEM. Version 1.0. Institute for Multidimensional Air quality Studies (IMAQS), University of Houston, Houston TX.

7. Pechan (2006): Technical Support document for 2002 MANE-VU SIP Modeling Inventories, version 3. Prepared by E. H. Pechan & Associ ates, Inc. 3622 Lyckan Parkway, Suite 2005, Durham, NC 27707. ( ftp.marama.org and note that username = mane-vu, password = exchange)

8. ICF (2005): Future Year Electricity Genera ting Sector Emission Inve ntory Development Using the Integrated Planning Model (IPM ® ) in Support of Fine Pa rticulate Mass and Visibility Modeling in the VISTAS and Midwes t RPO Regions (Final Report) Prepared by ICF Resources, L.L.C., 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax,VA.

9. EPA (2004): Technical Support Document for the Interstate Air Quality Rule Air Quality Modeling Analyses. ( http://www.epa.gov/interstateairquality/technical.html - proposed rule )

11. MACTEC (2007a): Development of Emi ssion Projection for 2009, 2012, and 2018 for nonEGU point, area, and nonroad sour ces in the MANE-VU region. ( www.marama.org/reports )

12. MACTEC (2007b): Identification and Evaluati on of Candidate Control Measures Final
Technical Support Document ( http://www.otcair.org/document.asp?fview=Report )

13. 2002 Base Year Emission Inventory SIP Pla nning: 8-hr Ozone, PM2.5 and Regional Haze Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, NC, November 18,xiii 2002. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eidocs/2002baseinven_102502new.pdf

14. Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Partic ulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations. EPA-454/R-99-
006.

15. Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Volumes 1-7, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, July 1997. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/ chief/eiip/techreport/volume01/index.html

16. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume. 1, Stationary Point and Area Sources, AP-42, Fifth Edition and Supplements, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 1997. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chie f/publications.html#factor

17. Emission Inventory Requirements for Ozone State Implementation Plans" (EPA-4504-91-010), February, 1992.

18. Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources and Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, EPA 420/R-92-009. December 1992. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/invntory/r92009.pdf

19. Procedures for the Preparation of Emission Inventories for Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone - Volume I; General Guidance for Stationary Sources. EPA-450/4-91-016, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, May 1991.

20. Guidelines for Estimating and Applying Rule Effectiveness for Ozone/CO State Implementation Plan Base Year Inventorie s, EPA-452/R-92-010, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, November 1992. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/old/eidocs/454r92010_nov1992.pdfxiv 

## Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACT Alternative Control Techniques
AIM Architectural and Industrial Maintenance
ASM 2525 Accelerated Simulation Mode Vehicle Emissions Test (25 mph/25% Load) BEIS-3 Biogenic Emission Inve ntory System (Version 3.0) BOTW Beyond on the Way (controls)
BTU British Thermal Unit
CAA Clean Air Act
CAIR Clean Air Interstate Rule CALEV California Low Emission Vehicle Program
CAP Criteria Air Pollutants
CARB California Air Resources Board
CASTNet Clean Air Status and Trends Network CE Control Efficiency CFR Code of Federal Regulations CI Compression Ignition CMAQ EPA’s Models-3/Community Mult i-scale Air Quality Modeling System CNG Compressed Natural Gas
CO Carbon Monoxide CTG Control Technique Guideline DV Design Value
DV B Baseline Measured Concentration
DV F Estimated Future Design Value DVMT Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled EGU Electric Generating Unit EPA Environmental Protection Agency FHWA Federal Highway Administration FHWA CMAQ Federal Highway Conges tion Mitigation and Air Quality FIP Federal Implementation Plan
FMVCP Federal Motor Ve hicle Control Program FR Federal Register
FY Fiscal Year GVWR Gross Vehicle Weight Rating HC Hydrocarbon HEDD High Electrical Demand Day hp Horsepower HOV High-Occupancy Vehicle
ICI Industrial/Commercial/Institutional I/M Inspection and Maintenance ISO-NE Independent Systems Operator – New England
LEV Low Emission Vehicle LPG Liquid Propane Gas MassDEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection
MACT Maximum Availa ble Control Technology
MANE-VU Mid-Atlantic/Nor theast Visibility Union MARAMA Mid-Atlantic Regiona l Air Management Associationxv MHD Massachusetts Highway Department
MISER Massachusetts Institute for Social and Economic Research MM5 Mesoscale Meteorological Model
MMBtu Million British Thermal Units
MNGE Mean Normalized Gross Error
MNB Mean Normalized Bias MOU Memorandum of Understanding
MOBILE6.2 EPA’s On-Road Mobile Source Emissions Estimation Model MPO Metropolitan Planning Organization MVEB Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets MW Megawatt MWh Megawatt Hour MWC Municipal Waste Combustor NAICS North American Industrial Code System NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NARSTO North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone NEI National Emissions Inventory NIF NEI Input Format NESCAUM Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management
NH3 Ammonia NLEV National Low Emission Vehicle Program NO Nitrogen Oxide
NO 2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NO x Oxides of Nitrogen
NONROAD EPA’s Non-Road Emissions Estimation Model 2005 Version
NSR New Source Review NYSDEC New York State Department of Environmental Conservation OBD-II On-Board Diagnostics – Phase 2 OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer ORVR Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery OTC Ozone Transport Commission OTAQ Office of Transportation and Air Quality (EPA) OTB On the Books (controls) OTB/W On the Books/On the Way (Post 2009 controls) OTR Ozone Transport Region PAMS Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station PEI Periodic Emission Inventory
PFC Portable Fuel Container
PM Particulate Matter
PM 2.5 Fine Particulate Matter (particles with an aerody namic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers)
PM 10 Particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10
micrometers ppb Parts per billion ppm Parts per million
PV Pressure Vacuum RACM Reasonably Available Control Measurexvi RACT Reasonably Av ailable Control Technology
RE/RP Rule Effectiveness/Rule Penetration
RFG Reformulated Gasoline RFP Reasonable Further Progress RH Regional Haze
RI Rhode Island ROP Rate of Progress RPO Regional Planning Organization RRF Relative Response Factor RRF Resource Recovery Facility RVP Reid Vapor Pressure SCAQMD South Coast Air Management Quality District SI Spark Ignition SIP State Implementation Plan SLAMS/ State & Local Air Monitoring System and NAMS National Air Monitoring System SMOKE Sparse Matrix Op erator Kernel Emissions
SO 2 Sulfur Dioxide STIP Statewide Transportation Improvement Program SUV Sport Utility Vehicle TCM Transportation Control Measure
TDM Travel Demand Model TIP Transportation Improvement Program TNMOC Total Non-Methane Organic Carbon TPSD Tons per summer day TPWD Tons per winter day TPY Tons per year TSD Technical Support Document UMD University of Maryland at College Park USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled VOC Volatile Organic Compound WOE Weight-of-Evidence