Upper Cambrian Orr 

Formation: Its Subdivisions 

and Correlatives 

in Western Utah

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1405-G

Upper Cambrian Orr 

Formation: Its Subdivisions 

and Correlatives 

in Western Utah

By LEHI F. HINTZEW ALLISON R. PALMER 

CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1405-G

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1976
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

THOMAS S. KLEPPE, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

V. E. McKelvey, Director

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Hintze, Lehi F.

Upper Cambrian Orr Formation, its subdivisions and correlatives in western Utah. (Contributions

to stratigraphy)

(Geological Survey Bulletin 1405-G)

Bibliography: p. G24-G25.

1. Geology, Stratigraphic-Cambrian. 2. Geology, Stratigraphic-Nomenclature-Utah. 3. 

Geology-Utah. I. Palmer, Allison R., joint author. II. Title: Upper Cambrian Orr Formation... III. Series: United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1405-G.

QE75.B9 no. 1405-G [QE656] 557.3'08s [551.7'2'09792] 76-19012

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office

Washington, D. C. 20402 

Stock Number 024-001-02836-1
CONTENTS

	Page

Abstract ____________________________________________. Gl

Introduction ____________________________________________. 1

Orr Formation and its members ______________________________. 4

Big Horse Limestone Member (new) ___________________________- 4

Candland Shale Member (new) __________________________. 5

Johns Wash Limestone Member ___________________________. 6

Corset Spring Shale Member ____________________________________. 7

Steamboat Pass Shale Member (new) ______________________. 7

Sneakover Limestone Member (new) _________________________. 8

Measured sections ______________________________________________ 9

Acknowledgments _________________________________________ 23

References cited ___________________________________________ 24

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

FIGURE 1. Location map of sections shown in figures 2 and 3 ____________ G2

2. Correlation of Orr Formation with units in adjacent areas _______ 3

3. Columnar sections of Orr Formation ___________________ 10

4. Type section of the Orr Formation and some of its members, House

Range, Utah _________________________________________ 12

5. Reference section of the Orr Formation and its Steamboat Pass Shale

Member, northern Wah Wah Mountains, Utah ____________ 19

III

CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION:

ITS SUBDIVISIONS AND CORRELATIVES

IN WESTERN UTAH

Bv LEHI F. HiNTZE1 and ALLISON R. PALMER2

ABSTRACT

Five mappable members are recognized in the Orr Formation in the House Range. In 

ascending order, these are the Big Horse Limestone Member (new), Candland Shale 

Member (new), Johns Wash Limestone Member (newly applied here), Corset Spring 

Shale Member (newly applied here), and Sneakover Limestone Member (new). These 

members can also be recognized in the Fish Springs Range and Cricket Mountains. The 

Johns Wash Limestone Member is absent in the southern House Range and Wah Wah 

Mountains so that the Candland and Corset Spring Members merge into one mappable 

unit herein named the Steamboat Pass Shale Member (new).

Trilobites representing eight of the standard North American assemblage zones have 

been identified within the Orr Formation. The Big Horse Limestone Member includes 

the upper Cedaria and Crepicephalus Zones; the Candland Shale Member contains the 

Aphelaspis, Dicanthopyge, Prehousia and low Dunderbergia Zones; the Johns Wash 

Limestone Member is barren but occupies the upper Dunderbergia Zone interval; the 

Corset Spring Shale Member contains the lower Elvinia zone; and the Sneakover 

Limestone Member includes the upper Elvinia and Taenicephalus Zones.

Because of facies changes, it is not likely that the Orr Formation and its members can 

be traced eastward into central Utah where equivalent beds are known as the Opex 

Formation, nor westward into Nevada where its partial equivalents include the Mendha 

and Lincoln Peak Formations and Kellogg's (1963) Shingle Limestone.

INTRODUCTION

In western Utah and eastern Nevada, stratigraphers and geological 

mappers must work with a sequence of Upper Cambrian rocks more 

than 1,000 m thick and composed mostly of repetitious carbonates. 

Walcott (1908a, b) was the first to subdivide these rocks into formations in his pioneer stratigraphic and paleontologic work in the House 

Range (fig. 1). Later, Nolan (1935), Drewes and Palmer (1975), Morris 

and Lovering (1961), and Staatz and Carr (1964) established different

'Department of Geology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602.

"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11790.

Gl
G2

114"

42"

w

*

38

'ICONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY 

IDAHO 112°

UTAH

[WYOMING no0_

D Salt Lake City

~1

1. Southern Snake Range

2. House Range

3. Fish Springs Range

4. Cricket Mountains

5. Lawson Cove Reservoir

6. Wah Wah Mountains

7. Deep Creek Range

8. Dugway Range

9. East Tintic Mountains

Dashed outline shows five 15- 

minute quadrangles where members of the Orr Formation have 

been mapped by Hintze (1974 

a-e)

'8

r 

o * \>'8

1

ARIZONA 

0 50 MILES

0 80 KILOMETRES

FIGURE 1. Location map of sections shown in figures 2 and 3.

suites of formation names for map units in the Deep Creek Range, 

Snake Range, East Tintic Mountains, and Dugway Range respectively 

(fig. 2).

The Upper Cambrian rock sequence is not so variable as the large 

number of names might imply. This is particularly true in the area 

between the Deep Creek, House, and Dugway Ranges in western Utah,
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G3

Trilobite Southern Deep Creek House Wah Wah Dugway East Tintic 

assemblage Q Snake Range Range Mountains Range Mountains

c 

o 

N

Taenicephalus

Zone

Elvinia 

Zone

Dunderbergia

Zone

Prehousia

Zone

Dicanthopyge 

Zone

Aphelaspis 

Zone

Crepicephalus 

Zone

Cedaria

Zone

XN/X/N

E

P

Di

A

C

/\

[vx/x

Notch

Peak

Formation

E

E

Corset 

Spring 

Shale*

E

E

Johns

Wash

Limestone*

D

D

P

P

Di

Di

Di

Lincoln . 

Peak A 

Formation*

C

C

Ce

yx/\y

fX/X/X

Chokecherry 

Dolomite

E

D

Hicks

Formation*

Di

C

Lamb

Dolomite*

X/\^x^

fv/x/v^

Notch Peak

Sneakover

Limestone

Member* T

E

 

g

E

o

O

Corset 

Spring 

Shale E 

Member

Johns Wash

Limestone

Member

D

D

D

P

P

Candland p

Member*

Di

A

A

A

C

C 

C

Big Horse

LimestoneC

Member*

C

C

Ce

Ce

Ce

Weeks

Limestone

x/N/x/1-

tvxx/x/

Notch Peak

o

£

o

O

T

Sneakover

Limestone

Member

Steam boat D

Pass

Shale

Member *

P

P

Di

C

Big Horse

Limestone

Member

C

Wah Wah

Formation

yxx/x

N/X/X

Dugway 

Ridge 

Dolomite

Fera

E

Straight

Canyon

A

C

C

Lamb

Dolomite

^wv

(VAXX/I

Ajax

Dolomite*

T

E

P

Opex 

Formation*

C

A/VV^

* Type area of formation or member

FIGURE 2. Correlation of the Orr Formation with units in adjacent 

areas. Trilobite collections, by zone, approximately located to show 

basis of correlation.
G4 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

which is the focus of this paper. In this area, the uppermost unit the 

Notch Peak Formation of Walcott, Chokecherry Dolomite of Nolan, 

and Dugway Ridge Dolomite of Staatz and Carr is the most uniform. 

It is entirely limestone and dolomite, much of it in massive beds that 

tend to be very resistant and form great cliffs along the crests of the 

ranges.

Beneath the Notch Peak Formation, the middle part of the Upper 

Cambrian sequence was called the Orr Formation by Walcott, the 

Hicks Formation by Nolan, and the Straight Canyon and Fera Formations by Staatz and Carr. This part of the Upper Cambrian sequence is 

the most variable and the most fossiliferous in western Utah.

Beneath the Orr Formation in the House Range, the thin-bedded 

fossiliferous Weeks Limestone represents deep water, outer shelf sediments deposited in the proximal part of an embayment opening westward towards Nevada (Palmer, 1971, p. 67). The embayment is 

bounded to the north and south by shallow-water dolomites that make 

up the cliff-forming Lamb Dolomite (Nolan, 1935) and Wah Wah 

Summit Formation (Hintze and Robison, 1975) in western Utah.

This paper defines the members of the Orr Formation, as identified 

and mapped by Hintze (1974a-e), and documents the biostratigraphic 

control on their ages.

ORR FORMATION AND ITS MEMBERS

The Orr Formation was named by Walcott (1908a, b) for rocks 

underlying Orr Ridge in the central House Range. Walcott (1908b, p. 

174) characterized the Orr as "thin-bedded limestones with two bands 

of arenaceous shale," and this paper is intended to formalize this 

subdivision. The type section for these members of the Orr (see "Measured sections" at end of report) is believed to be located in substantially 

the same place as Walcott's original section. Members of the Orr 

Formation, as defined herein, can be identified and mapped in the 

House, Fish Springs, Cricket, and Wah Wah Mountains and, according 

to R. B. Koepnick (written commun., 1974), can be identified in the 

Deep Creek Range as well. The Hicks Formation of Nolan (1935) is 

essentially a synonym for the Walcott's Orr Formation.

BIG HORSE LIMESTONE MEMBER (NEW)

The Big Horse Limestone Member is here named for exposures in 

Big Horse Canyon as shown on the 1960 U.S. Geological Survey Notch 

Peak 15-minute quadrangle. Location and description of the type section are given in the section on "Measured sections." This member is 

believed to represent the same beds designated as units 2a and 2b of 

the Orr Formation by Walcott (1908b, p. 176-177). Walcott's unit 2c
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G5

did not prove to be a practicable map unit and was included with the 

upper part of the Weeks Limestone on the geological map of the Notch 

Peak quadrangle by Hintze (1974a). The most readily mappable contact between the Weeks and Orr Formations in the House Range 

occurs at both a lithologic and topographic change from the thinbedded slope-forming platy arenaceous limestones of the Weeks 

Limestone to the thicker bedded, ledge- and cliff-forming, coarser 

grained bioclastic limestones and calcarenites of the Big Horse Limestone Member.

In other ranges in western Utah (fig. 3) the basal contact of the Big 

Horse Limestone Member is taken at a prominent but different 

lithologic change. In the Fish Springs Range, the Lamb Dolomite is 

overlain abruptly by oolitic and clastic limestone assigned to the Big 

Horse Limestone Member. In the sections in the southernmost end of 

the House Range and southward in Utah, the Big Horse Limestone 

Member is underlain by the white marker member of the Wah Wah 

Summit Formation of Hintze and Robison (1975). The white marker 

member is a dolomite boundstone-limestone unit nearly 50 m thick, 

which forms the most conspicuous white band of strata in any part of 

the Cambrian section in the Wah Wah, Cricket, and southern House 

Ranges (Hintze and Robison, 1975). The Big Horse Limestone Member 

generally forms bold cliffs wherever exposed in these ranges. In thickness it ranges from 135 m in the Fish Springs Range to 237 m in the 

Wah Wah Mountains. In addition to the sections shown in figure 3, it is 

probably recognizable in the lower part of the Hicks Formation (Nolan, 

1935) in the Deep Creek Range.

The type section is the most fossiliferous section of the member 

known to the writers. In its lowest 60 m it contains the upper Cedaria 

Zone; the remainder of the member bears the Crepicephalus Zone.

CANDLAND SHALE MEMBER (NEW)

The Candland Shale Member is named for exposures at the mouth of 

Candland Canyon which drains the south side of Orr Ridge in the 

House Range as shown on the 1960 U.S. Geological Survey Notch Peak 

15-minute quadrangle. The type section is described in the section on 

"Measured sections" and is located about 3 km north of Candland 

Canyon. The Candland Shale Member was designated unit le of the 

Orr Formation by Walcott (1908b, p. 175).

The Candland Shale Member is an easily mappable unit for it forms 

broad benches and slopes between the underlying cliff-forming Big 

Horse and overlying Johns Wash Limestone Members. It is also the 

most fossiliferous unit in the Upper Cambrian section in western 

Utah; its slopes are littered with thin limestone plates, many of which 

are near coquinas of inarticulate brachiopod and trilobite fragments.
G6 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

The Candland Shale Member is composed of interbedded fissile shales 

and dark-gray thin-bedded limestone. Although limestone makes up 

much of the Candland, it is designated as a shale in order to emphasize 

the shaly nature of this part of the Upper Cambrian as contrasted with 

the nonshaly character of most of the section. Koepnick and Brady 

(1974) interpret the shale as having been deposited in quiet water 

below wave base. Certain of the interbedded limestones are believed to 

be allogenic deposits derived from shelf margin environments 

peripheral to the deeper basin. The Candland belongs to the outer 

detrital belt of Palmer (1971, fig. 16F-H). This belt extends from 

western Utah to central Nevada.

The Candland Shale Member ranges in thickness from about 50 m in 

the Cricket Mountains to 125 m in the House Range. Its lithology can 

also be identified within part of the Hicks Formation in the Deep Creek 

Range (R. B. Koepnick, written commun., 1974) where it is about 60 m 

thick (fig. 2). Trilobite zones that have been identified in the Candland 

Shale Member include the uppermost Crepicephalus Zone (only in the 

House Range) Aphelaspis, Dicanthopyge, Prehousia, and lower Dunderbergia Zones of Palmer (1965). Palmer (1965, 1971) has discussed 

the correlation of these faunas with the Upper Cambrian in other 

areas.

JOHNS WASH LIMESTONE MEMBER

Drewes and Palmer (1957) named the Johns Wash Limestone for its 

occurrence in the southern Snake Range, Nev. Palmer (1965, fig. 9) 

recognized that the Johns Wash was equivalent to units Ic and Id of 

the Orr Formation in the House Range as defined by Walcott (1908b, 

p. 176). The Johns Wash in western Utah was reduced to a member of 

the Orr Formation (Hintze, 1974c).

In western Utah the Johns Wash is a ledge- and cliff-forming unit 

between the underlying slope-forming Candland and overlying Corset 

Spring Shale Members. As such it is an easily traceable unit on maps 

(Hintze, 1974a) and aerial photographs. In the House Range the lower 

half of the Johns Wash is generally dark-gray oolitic limestone, and 

the upper half is a lighter gray massive limestone. No fossils have been 

obtained from the Johns Wash Limestone Member in western Utah. It 

probably represents the time equivalent of the upper part of iheDunderbergia Zone according to Palmer (1965, fig. 9).

The Johns Wash Limestone Member ranges in thickness from 26 m 

in a faulted section in the Cricket Mountains to 76 m in the type 

section. Within the House Range, the Johns Wash ranges in thickness 

from 41 to 80 m according to Rees (1975). The Johns Wash Limestone 

Member is not present in the southern (Black Hills) sector of the House 

Range nor in the Wah Wah Mountains.
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G7 

CORSET SPRING SHALE MEMBER

The Corset Spring Shale was denned by Drewes and Palmer (1957) 

in the southern Snake Range, Nev. Palmer (1965, fig. 9) indicated that 

the Corset Spring Shale was equivalent to unit Ib of the Orr Formation 

as defined by Walcott (1908b, p. 176). In western Utah the Corset 

Spring was reduced by Hintze (1974c) to member rank and applied to 

the upper shale in the Orr Formation.

The Corset Spring Shale Member is considerably thinner than the 

Candland Shale Member, and its shales are generally a brighter green 

and contain fewer limestone interbeds than those of the Candland. The 

Corset Spring Shale Member always forms a bench or slope between 

the Johns Wash and Sneakover Limestone Members. Actual exposures 

of the Corset Spring Shale Member are rare and usually limited to 

gullies or steep slopes; it ranges in thickness from 12 m in the Fish 

Springs Range to 36.6 m in the House Range. The Corset Spring Shale 

Member is generally not so fossiliferous as the Candland Shale 

Member in western Utah, but it usually yields Housia and other 

trilobites which place it in the Elvinia Zone. Palmer (1965) has discussed the correlation of this zone with the Upper Cambrian in other 

areas. Palmer (1971, fig. 16H) has indicated that the Corset Spring 

Shale Member is part of an inner detrital belt and is associated with a 

Cambrian shoreline to the east of the present study area.

STEAMBOAT PASS SHALE MEMBER (NEW)

In the Wah Wah Mountains and the south end of the House Range 

where the Johns Wash Limestone Member is absent, the Candland 

Shale Member cannot be mapped separately from the Corset Spring 

Shale Member, and it is proposed that this interval be called the 

Steamboat Pass Shale Member of the Orr Formation. The name is 

taken from Steamboat Pass (Sec. 19, T. 23 S., R. 13 W.) as shown on the 

1960 U.S. Geological Survey The Barn 15-minute quadrangle. Although this unit is named for exposures on the north side of Steamboat 

Pass (Hintze, 1974b), the section 10 km to the southwest near Lawson 

Cove Reservoir, Frisco Peak 15-minute quadrangle, is designated as 

the reference section (see section on "Measured sections"). This is the 

best exposed section known to the writers. A few kilometres to the 

southwest of the type section, the Steamboat Pass Shale Member forms 

a bench extending northward from Wah Wah Summit for nearly 20 km 

along the west face of the Wah Wah Mountains, but throughout this 

length there are no good exposures except at Wah Wah Summit (see 

Hintze, 1974e).

The Steamboat Pass Shale Member has yielded trilobites assigned to 

all five of Palmer's (1965) Pterocephalid biomere zones: Aphelaspis,
G8 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

Dicanthopyge, Prehousia, Dunderbergia, and Elvinia. Within the 

Steamboat Pass Shale Member, the stratigraphic interval between the 

lowest Dunderbergia Zone and the lowest Elvinia Zone occurrence is 

less than 30 m (fig. 3). But in the Ruby Mountains and near McGill in 

east-central Nevada, the same interval is nearly three times as thick 

(Palmer, 1965, pis. 22, 23). We speculate whether this thinning may be 

related to the brief pre-Elvinia regression discussed by Palmer (1971, 

p. 69-70). However, no physical evidence of an erosional break is 

apparent within the Steamboat Pass Shale Member.

SNEAKOVER LIMESTONE MEMBER (NEW)

The Sneakover Limestone Member, the uppermost member of the 

Orr Formation, takes its name from Sneakover Pass in the central 

House Range as shown on the 1960 U.S. Geological Survey Notch Peak 

15-minute quadrangle. The Sneakover Limestone Member represents 

the interval that Walcott (1908b, p. 175) designated as la. The type 

section is on the east end of Orr Ridge as described in the section on 

"Measured sections." The Sneakover Limestone Member is a consistently recognizable map unit in most ranges in western Utah where it 

occurs as ledge-forming outcrops beneath the cliffs of the Notch Peak 

Formation and above the slopes of the Corset Spring or Steamboat Pass 

Shale Members. It ranges in thickness between 50 and 60 m, somewhat 

less than Walcott's original estimate.

Elvinia Zone trilobites can usually be cracked out of limestone beds 

in the lower half of the member. Orthid brachiopods, many silicified, 

occur in a thin zone near the middle of the member. The upper half of 

the Sneakover Limestone Member is characterized by phosphatic 

brachiopods and hard-to-identify trilobite scraps on pinkish silty 

limestone bedding surfaces. The contact with the Notch Peak Formation is conformable but well defined by the base of towering cliffs of the 

Notch Peak. Powell (1959), Hanks (1962), and Whitebread, Griggs, 

Rogers, and Mytton (1962) included the Sneakover Limestone Member 

within the Notch Peak Formation on their maps; however, Hintze 

(1974a-e) included the member in the Orr Formation on his geologic 

maps.

As shown in figure 3, the fivefold subdivision of the Orr Formation in 

the House Range becomes a threefold subdivision with the wedging out 

of the Johns Wash Limestone Member to the south. Equivalents of the 

upper two subdivisions can be recognized in the Dugway Range (figs. 1 

and 2). The Sneakover Limestone Member is equivalent to units 1-4 of 

the type section of the Fera Limestone measured by Staatz and Carr 

(1964, p. 29). We obtained Parahousia andHousia from their unit 5 in 

its type section and correlate that unit with the Corset Spring Shale 

Member. The underlying units of the Fera Limestone and Straight
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G9

Canyon Formation do not separate readily into our Johns Wash, Candland, and Big Horse Members. Apparently fades changes between the 

Fish Springs and the Dugway Ranges cause deeper water lithologies 

typical of the Candland Shale Member to give way to shallower water, 

less fossiliferous limestone and dolomite so that the identity of the 

lower subdivisions of the Orr is lost. The Orr Formation is the near 

equivalent of the Opex Formation of the East Tintic Mountains (Morris and Levering, 1961) as shown in figure 2. In eastern Nevada the Orr 

Formation is in part the equivalent of the Mendha Formation of the 

Pioche mining district (Merriam, 1964), of the Emigrant Springs 

Limestone in the Schell Creek and Egan Ranges (Kellogg, 1963), and 

of the upper Lincoln Peak, Johns Wash, Corset Spring, and Notch Peak 

Formations of the southern Snake Range (Drewes and Palmer, 1957; 

Whitebread and others, 1962). Correlations with other Upper Cambrian formations in western United States are discussed by Palmer 

(1971) in a recent paper.

MEASURED SECTIONS

Type section of the Orr Formation, House Range, Utah. The type section 

of the Orr Formation is a composite of two measured sections on the 

northeast side of Orr Ridge in the House Range, Millard County, Utah 

(fig. 4). Units 2-11, the lower part of the formation, were measured on 

the northeast face of hill 6593 in SE^ sec. 28, T. 18 S., R. 13 W. The 

remainder of the formation was measured about half a mile to the 

south along the ridge between Little Horse Canyon and Big Horse 

Canyon commencing at about the 6,400-foot contour line in SW1^, 

SE1^, NE1^, sec. 33, and proceeding south and southwestward along 

the ridge crest to about the 7,000-foot contour in the south-central part 

of sec. 33.

The Orr Formation in its type section conformably overlies the 

Weeks Limestone and conformably underlies the Notch Peak Formation. Massive basal limestones of the Notch Peak form nearly vertical 

cliffs above the ledges of the Sneakover Limestone Member. All fossils 

listed below were identified by A. R. Palmer unless otherwise indicated. The number in parentheses after fossil collection identification 

letters and numbers indicates footage above the base of the unit from 

which the collection was obtained.

Notch Peak Formation

44. Cliff-forming massive calcilutite and calcisilite bearing less 

than 5 percent chert. Cliff contrasts markedly with ledges of 

underlying Sneakover Limestone Member. 

Orr Formation

Sneakover Limestone Member (type section)
G10 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

SOUTHERN SNAKE RANGE 

(Drewes and Palmer, 1957)

(Palmer, 1965, pi. 22) 

(Whitebread and others, 1962)

HOUSE RANGE FISH SPRINGS 

(Walcott, 1908a,b; RANGE 

this report)

METRES FEET

FIGURE 3. Columnar sections of the Orr Formation in 

western Utah and equivalent strata in the southern 

Snake Range, Nev.
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH Gil

CRICKET 

MOUNTAINS

LAWSON COVE

RESERVOIR 

NORTHERN WAH 

WAH MOUNTAINS

6

WAH WAH

SUMMIT,

WAH WAH

MOUNTAINS

Trilobite assemblage 

T. Taenicephalus 

E, Elvlnia zone 

D, Dunderbergia 2 

P, Prehousia zone

Dicanthopyge ;

Aphelaspis zon

Crepicephalus ; Cedaria zone

FIGURE 3. Continued.
G12 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

113° 20' R. 13 W.

39°12'30"-

T. 18 S. 

T. 19 S.

1 MILES

1 KILOMETRES

FIGURE 4. Type section of the Orr Formation and some of its members, House Range, 

Utah. Cob, type section of Big Horse Limestone Member; oc, type section of Candland Shale Member; -Coj, Johns Wash Limestone Member; -Cocs, Corset Spring Shale 

Member; os, type section of Sneakover Limestone Member.

Unit Feet Metres

43. Calcisiltite, medium to dark-gray, with pinkish 

and purplish-gray silty partings; forms 2- 

4-foot ledges to base of cliff of Notch Peak 

Formation. Fossils from USGS loc. 7660-CO 

( + 5) were identified by M. E. Taylor as follows:

Parabolinoides sp.

Ptychoparioid trilobite, gen. and sp. indet.

Acrotretoid brachiopods, gen. and sp. indet.

Linguloid brachiopods, gen. and sp. indet. 85 

42. Calcarenite, light to medium-gray, thin- to 

thick-bedded, forms continuous low ledgy 

outcrops. Trilobite fragments common. Fossils from 88 feet above base of unit:

Eoorthis sp.

Linnarssonella sp.

25.9
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G13

Unit Feet Metres

Pterocephaliid trilobite, gen. and sp. indet. 100 30.5 

Total thickness Sneakover Limestone

Member _________________ 185 56.4

Corset Spring Shale Member

41. Calcisiltite and calcarenite, dark-gray, in nodular lenses 5-15 cm thick with 30 percent interbedded shale, forms slope with low ledges, 

transitional contact with Sneakover Limestone Member. Fossils from 4 feet above base 

of this unit: 

Kindbladia sp. 

Iddingsia sp. 

Linnarssonella sp. __________________ 44 13.4

40. Shale, light-olive-gray, fissile, slope-forming. 

Upper 40 feet includes 10 percent interbedded 

dark-gray thin-bedded calcarenite; lower 

part apparently mostly shale; here forming a 

covered slope __________________ 76 23.2 

Total thickness Corset Spring Shale

Member _________________ 120 36.6

Johns Wash Limestone Member

39. Calcisiltite, medium-light-gray, mottled; lower 

20 feet is massive, cliff-forming, the remainder forms ledges, unfossiliferous ______ 70 21.3

38. Oolitic limestone, weathers banded dark to 

light gray in bedded streaks up to 5 cm, some 

minor crossbedding; few beds pisolitic, forms 

massive cliff _____________________ 50 15.3

37. Calcisiltite, medium-dark-gray, mottled, silty,

irregular bedding, forms cliff___________ 25 7.6

Total thickness Johns Wash Limestone

Member _________________ 145 44.2

Candland Shale Member (type section)

36. Calcisiltite, medium-dark-gray, uneven bedding, forms talus-covered slope at base of cliff. 

Lithology similar to basal Johns Wash except 

that 1 percent of float chips indicate thinbedded tan-weathering limestone interbedded in this unit ____________________ 21 6.4

35. Calcisiltite, medium-dark-gray, uneven parting, massive bedding, forms ledge ________ 5 1.5
G14 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY 

Unit Feet Metres

34. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, silty, thin-bedded, 

forms slope, a few beds are thin-bedded nodular calcarenite with phosphatic brachiopod 

hash.

BHC 365 ( + 9): Indet. pterocephaliid free

cheeks ______ ____________ 30 9.3 

33. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, silty, forms ledge. 

Units 33-36 are transitional with the basal 

part of the Johns Wash Limestone Member 5 1.5 

32. Limestone, poorly exposed, thin-bedded 

brown-weathering, with some shaly partings. 

BHC 349 ( + 32): Elburgia sp. 

BHC 340 (+23): Dunderbergia sp. 

BHC 335 ( + 18): Elburgia sp.,

Strigambitus sp.

BHC 334 ( + 17): Elburgia granulosa 

(Hall and Whitfield) 

BHC 325 ( + 8): Elburgia granulosa 

(Hall and Whitfield) 

BHC 323 ( + 6): Strigambitus sp.

BHC 320 (+3): Dunderbergia sp. ___ 34 10.4 

31. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, uneven bedding, 

forms most prominent ledge in upper part of 

Candland.

BHC 315 (+6) : Dunderbergia sp. ___ 8 2.4 

30. Calcarenite, thin-bedded, nodular, phosphatic 

brachiopod hash abundant, weathers olive to 

brown, with interbedded olive shale on partings, forms slope.

BHC 305 ( + 150): Dunderbergia? anyta 

(Hall and Whitfield) 

BHC 292 ( + 137): Dunderbergia^ anyta 

(Hall and Whitfield) 

BHC 269 (+114): Prehousia sp. 

BHC 258 ( + 103): Prehousia alata Palmer 

BHC 233 ( + 78): Prehousia sp. 

BHC 215 (+60): Dytremacephalus sp? 

BHC 210 (+55): Prehousia sp. 

BHC 200 (+45): Prehousia sp. 

BHC 192 ( + 37): Bromella sp. 

BHC 172 ( + 17): Tumicephalus sp. 

BHC 161 (+6): Dicanthopyge

convergens Palmer _____ 154 46.9
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G15

Unit Feet Metres 

29. Calcarenite, medium-gray, silty, forms ledge 2 .6 

28. Calcisiltite, poorly exposed, thin-bedded, 

medium-gray, interbedded with brownishweathering calcarenite and olive shale ___ 18 5.5 

27. Calcarenite, silty, medium-gray, unevenly bedded, forms low ledges _____________ 6 1.8

26. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, thin-bedded, platy,

poorly exposed on slope ___________ 8 2.4

25. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, phosphatic brachiopod hash abundant, forms ledge ______ 3 .9

24. Calcarenite, thin-bedded, nodular, abundant 

phosphatic brachiopods, probably interbedded with olive shale, forms slope _______ 18 5.5 

23. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, silty, forms ledge __ 3 .9 

22. Mostly covered, few thin-bedded platy darkgray limestone beds exposed, probably interbedded with olive shale.

BHC 95 (+67): Aphelaspis haguei

(Hall and Whitfield) 

BHC 60 (+32): Aphelaspis haguei

(Hall and Whitfield) 

BHC 32 (+4): Cheilocephalus sp.

Aphelaspis sp. _____--_-_ 69 21.0

21. Calcarenite, oolitic in part, medium-gray,

medium- to thick-bedded, forms low ledges 9 2.8 

20. Covered, thin-bedded limestone float. Thin 

ledge exposed at top.

BHC 19 (+6): Coosina sp.,

Crepicephalus sp.

hyolithid __________ 6 1.8 

19. Calcarenite, medium gray, silty, forms ledge.

BHC 13 (+2): Tricrepicephalus sp. ___ 2 .6 

18. Covered, thin-bedded limestone float, medium-gray calcarenite and Calcisiltite-_____ 11 3.4 

Total thickness Candland Shale Member 412 125.6

Big Horse Limestone Member (type section)

17. Stromatolitic limestone, medium-gray, forms 

massive ledge, prominent on aerial photographs as mapping horizon __________ 20 6.1

16. Interbedded stromatolitic limestone and 

trilobite-bearing calcarenite, thin to medium 

bedded, forms dip slope along ridge crest.
G16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

Unit Feet Metres 

LH 280 (+5): Crepicephalus sp.

Kingstonia sp. ______ 30 9.2 

15. Calcarenite, medium-gray, thin-bedded, silty, 

forms low ledges and benches to top of hill 

along traverse.

LH 250 ( + 55): Crepicephalus sp.

Coosina sp.

LH 233 (+38): Crepicephalus sp. 

Coosina sp.

Lonchocephalus? sp. __ 80 24.4 

14. Calcarenite, medium-gray, with oolite and

pisolitic beds, forms ledges _____________ 40 12.2

13. Calcarenite, medium-gray, thin- to mediumbedded, includes 5 percent oolite layers, forms 

slope _______________________ 50 15.2 

12. Calcisiltite and fine-grained Calcarenite, 

medium- to dark-gray, medium- to thickbedded, forms ledge-slope sequence. Trilobite 

fragments are common in the Calcarenite, but 

none complete enough to be identified __ 105 32.0 

11. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, contains stromatolitic algal bed 30 cm thick, forms backslope on 

hill crest of lower part of measured section. 

NC 387 (+2): Crepicephalus sp. ______ 5 1.5 

10. Calcisiltite, medium-dark-gray, massive, contains about 1 percent bedded chert, forms 

massive cliff that caps hilltop _______ 25 7.6 

9. Calcisiltite, medium-gray, thin-bedded, forms

steplike ledges _________________ 27 8.2 

8. Calcarenite, medium-gray, silty, forms massive 

cliff.

NC 333 (+44): Blountia sp.

Crepicephalus sp. 

Kingstonia sp. 

Kormagnostus sp. 

Meteoraspis sp. 

Tricrepicephalus sp. 

NC 291 (+2): Arcuolimbus sp. 

Blountia sp. 

Coosella sp. 

Kingstonia sp. 

Lonchocephalus sp. 

Pseudagnostina sp.
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G17

Unit Feet Metres

Tricrepicephalus sp.___ 44 13.4 

7. Calcarenite, medium-gray, weathers moderate 

brown, thin-bedded, contains about 50 percent silt in thin-bedded zones, forms darkbrownish-gray ledges.

NC 273 (+43): Blountia sp.

Crepicephalus sp. 

NC 257 (+27): Blountia sp. 

Coosella sp. 

Crepicephalus sp. 

Pseudagnostina sp. ______ 59 18.0

6. Calcarenite, bioclastic, similar to unit 4 except 

thin-bedded and slope forming. 

NC 195 ( + 15): Genevievella sp. 

Blountia sp. 

Kingstonia sp. 

Meteoraspis sp. 

Pseudagnostina sp. 

echinoderm plates ____ 50 15.2

5. Calcarenite, thin- to medium-bedded, medium 

gray, weathers reddish brown, lowest 2 m 

forms ledge, next 4 m form a slope, highest 19 

m forms a prominent cliff line along this hill 

front.

NC 107 ( + 13): Blountia sp.

Kingstonia sp. ________ 86 26.2

4. Calcarenite, medium- to dark-gray, with yellowish and pinkish-gray silty material on 

bedding surfaces. Thin to medium bedded, in 

part bioclastic with much fragmental trilobite material, forms ledges to 1.3 m high. 

NC 80 (+37): Genevievella? sp. 

Coosella sp., 

Blountia? sp. 

Kingstonia sp.

Tricrepicephalus sp ____ 51 15.6 

3. Calcarenite, medium-gray, silty, weathers 

brownish gray, forms covered slope with 

about 10 percent exposure ____________ 39 11.9

2. Calcarenite, medium-gray, weathers brownish 

gray, silty, trilobites abundant in nonsilty 

Calcarenite lenses.

NC 4 (+4): Genevievella sp.
G18 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

Unit Feet Metres

Kingstonia sp. 

NC 3 (+3): Genevievella sp.

Kingstonia sp.

Meteoraspis sp.

Deiracephalus sp.

Blountia sp.

Brassicicephalus sp.

Coosella sp. ____________ 4 1.2

Total thickness Big Horse Limestone 

Member __________________________ 715 217.9

Total thickness of Orr Formation ___, 1,577 480.7 

Contact conformable

Weeks Limestone

I. A slope-forming platy silty calcilutite, that contrasts both lithologically and in topographic 

expression with the ledge- and cliff-forming 

partly bioclastic calcarenite strata of the 

overlying Big Horse Limestone Member.

Reference section of the Orr Formation, near Lawson Cove Reservoir, 

northern Wah Wah Mountains, Utah. Section is located half a mile 

west of Lawson Cove Reservoir on the east side of Hill 6190 in SWx/4 sec. 

29, T. 24S., R. 14W., as shown on the USGS 1960 Frisco Peak 15- 

minute topographic map (fig. 5). All fossils listed below were identified 

by A. R. Palmer unless otherwise indicated. The number in parentheses after fossil collection identification letters and numbers indicates footage above the base of the unit from which the collection was 

obtained.

Notch Peak Formation

Basal limestone is medium gray, massive calcisiltite and calcilutite 

with almost no partings. It is about 100 m thick, caps hill 6190, and 

forms a smooth cliff rising prominently above the ledge-slope topography of the upper part of the Orr Formation.

Conformable contact.

Orr Formation

Sneakover Limestone Member 

Unit Feet Metres

II. Calcisiltite and calcilutite, medium-light- to 

dark-gray, medium- to thick-bedded with 

pinkish silty parting on bedding surfaces. 

Phosphatic brachiopods common in dark layers. Forms ledges. Fossils from USGS loc.
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G19

Unit Feet Metres 

7668-CO ( + 28) were identified by M. E. 

Taylor as follows: 

Parabolinoides sp.

Acrotretoid brachiopods, gen. and sp. indet. 

Linguloid brachiopods, gen. and sp. indet. 85 25.9 

10. Calcisiltite and calcilutite, medium-light-gray,

silty, forms regular ledges 0.6-1.2 m high_ 110 33.5

R. 15 w. R. 14 W. 113°25'

2 MILES

0 1 2 KILOMETRES

FIGURE 5. Reference section of the Orr Formation and its Steamboat Pass Shale 

Member, northern Wah Wah Mountains, Utah.-Cob,Big Horse Limestone Member; 

-Cos?, Steamboat Pass Shale Member; Cos, Sneakover Limestone Member.
G20 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

Unit Feet Metres 

Total thickness Sneakover Limestone

Member _________________ 195 59.4

Steamboat Pass Shale Member (reference section) 

9. Shale, light-olive-gray, flaky, with 50 percent 

interbeds of medium-gray thin-bedded calcarenite; forms steep slope at base of Sneakover ledges.

LC 247 (+97): Iddingsia sp. 

LC 245 (-95): Iddingsia sp. 

LC 216 ( + 66): Iddingsia sp. 

LC 215 (+65): Iddingsia sp.,

Kindbladia sp. 

LC 205 ( + 55): Kindbladia affinis

(Walcott) ________________ 115 35.1

8. Calcisiltite with some interbedded calcarenite, 

dark-gray, silty, thin-bedded, 10 percent exposure, forms slope.

LC 135 ( + 10): Aphelotoxon acuminata 

(Palmer),

Elburgia intermedia 

Palmer 

Prehousia diverta ______ 25 7.6

7. Calcarenite, medium-gray, ledge. 

LC 125 (+2): Pterocephalia sp.

Dunderbergia sp.__________ 2 .6

6. Calcarenite, medium-dark-gray, weathers olive 

gray, thin-bedded, nodular bedding with silty 

partings, large trilobites abundant. 

LC 105 (+15): Prehousia alata Palmer 

LC 100 ( + 10): Prehousia alata Palmer __ 33 10.1 

5. Calcisiltite, dark-gray, thin-bedded, with shaly 

partings, forms low ledges and platy talus. 

LC 70 (+25): Bromella? sp. 

LC 64 ( + 19): Bromella? sp. 

LC 55 (+10): Tumicephalus depressus

Palmer 

LC 50 (+5): Tumicephalus depressus

Palmer______________ 45 13.7

4. Calcisiltite, medium-dark-gray, ledge _____ 2 .6 

3. Calcisiltite and fine-grained calcarenite, with a 

few intraformational conglomerate lenses, 

medium-dark-gray, thin-bedded, forms 

slopes and platy talus.
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G21

Unit Feet Metres

LC 35 (+15): Aphelaspis? sp.

(toward Tumicephalus) 

LC 30 (+10): Aphelaspis? sp __________ 23 7.0

2. Calcisiltite, dark-gray, thin-bedded, with 20 

percent interbeds of light-brownish-gray 

laminated dolomite _______________ 20 6.1

Total thickness Steamboat Pass Shale

Member _________________ 265 80.8

1. Big Horse Limestone Member of Orr Formation lies conformably 

beneath Steamboat Pass Shale Member and is about 700 feet (213m) 

thick in this section. It consists mostly of massive medium- to darkgray limestone with a few thin stromatolitic algal beds and a few 

bioclastic calcarenite beds. It forms steep ledges and cliffs to the base of 

the hill. Underlying formations are not exposed here.

Fossil identifications for collection locations shown in figure 3. 

Fish Springs Range

Sneakover Limestone Member: Collections from NW, NE, NW, sec. 

10, T. 13 S., R. 14 W. Number in parentheses is footage above base of 

member.

FS 555 (+60): Billingsella sp.

Parabolinoides sp.

Pseudagnostus sp.

FS 545 (+50): Irvingella major Ulrich and Resser 

FS 525 (+30): Elvinia? sp.

Pterocephalia sp. 

FS 505 ( + 10): Irvingella flohri? Resser

Elvinia sp.

Kindbladia sp.

Iddingsia sp.

Candland Shale Member: Collections from NE, NE, SE, sec. 27, T. 12 

S., R. 14 W. Identification number is footage above base of member. 

FS 198: Elburgia granulosa (Hall and Whitfield)

Strigambitus sp.

Dytremacephalus sp.

FS 186: Strigambitus utahensis (Resser) 

FS 177: Strigambitus utahensis (Resser) 

FS 158: Dunderbergia? anyta (Hall and Whitfield)

Pseudagnostus sp.

Dunderbergia bigranulosa? Palmer 

FS 138: Dunderbergia bigranulosa? Palmer
G2 2 C ONTRIB UT IONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

Unit Feet Metres

Cernuolimbus granulosus Palmer

Aphelotoxon sp.

Homagnostus sp.

FS 125: Prehousia alata Palmer 

FS 100: Prehousia alata Palmer

Pseudagnostus sp. 

FS 85: Bromella sp.

Dysoristus sp. (very distinctive brachiopod) 

FS 67: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer

Dicanthopyge convergens Palmer 

FS 61: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer

Dicanthopyge? sp.

FS 58: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer 

FS (Zero): Aphelaspis sp.

Cheilocephalus sp.

Homagnostus sp.

Big Horse Limestone Member:

FS minus 75: (75 feet below top of member) 

Crepicephalus sp.

Cricket Mountains

Candland Shale Member: Collections from NEV4 sec. 8, T. 23 S., R. 9 

W. on Hall Mountain. Identification number is footage above the base 

of member.

HM 245: Housia sp.

HM 240: Housia sp.

HM 120: Pterocephaliid trilobites

HM 95: Dunderbergia? sp. 

Elburgia? sp.

HM 85: Prehousia alata Palmer

HM 50: Bromella? sp.

HM 40: Bromella? sp.

HM 30: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer

HM 25: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer

HM 20: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer

HM 10: Tumicephalus depressus Palmer

Wah Wah Mountains: Collections from Wah Wah Summit, sec. 21. T. 

26 S., R. 15 W. Number in parentheses is footage above the base of the 

Steamboat Pass Shale Member.

Sneakover Limestone Member: 

WS 895 (+ 425): Parabolinoides sp. 

WS 765 (+295): Housia sp.
UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G23

Unit Feet Metres 

Steamboat Pass Shale Member: 

WS 660 ( + 190): Dunderbergia sp.

Erixanium carinatum Palmer

Pterocephalia sp. (early form) 

WS 645 ( + 175): Dunderbergia sp.

Prehousia sp. 

WS 597 ( + 127): Elburgia sp.

Strigambitus sp. 

WS 584 ( + 114): Dunderbergia? anyta (Hall and Whitfield)

Elburgia sp. 

WS 573 ( + 103): Prehousia alata Palmer

Pseudosaratogia? sp. 

WS 533 (+63): Aphelaspis or Bromella 

WS 525 ( + 55): Aphelaspis n. sp. with occipital spine

Big Horse Limestone Member: Number in parentheses is the footage 

below the top of the member.

WS 340 (-130): Crepicephalus sp.

Kingstonia sp.

Tricrepicephalus sp. 

WS 295 (-175): Crepicephalus sp.

Tricrepicephalus sp.

Coosina sp.

Llanoaspis sp.

Terranovella sp. 

WS 132 (-338): Coosella sp.

Kingstonia sp. 

WS 78 (-392): Kingstonia sp.

Meteoaspis? sp.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work is the outgrowth of a field-mapping program conducted in 

western Utah since 1955 by the senior author in connection with 

Brigham Young University Department of Geology summer camps. 

Several scores of students have sharpened the writers' perception of 

the map units described herein, in particular Bentley (1958), Powell 

(1959), Kepper (1960), Robison (1960), and Hanks (1962). Dick Koepnick and Peggy Rees, graduate students currently at the University of 

Kansas, have been most helpful as has K. C. Lohmann, a graduate 

student at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Thanks 

are due Ralph Holmgren, director of the U.S. Forest Service Desert 

Range Experiment Station and to Lee Herzberger and Rolf Kraft of the 

Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge for providing camp facilities
G24 CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY

which ameliorated life on the desert. The U.S. Geological Survey and 

the Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey have supported the 

quadrangle mapping program in the past 6 years. Thanks are due to 

William Hewitt and Donald McMillan of the Utah Survey and to Max 

Crittenden, Hal Morris, and George Walker of the U.S. Geological 

Survey for their interest in the work and their assistance in making 

the mapping program possible. Michael E. Taylor of the U.S. Geological Survey in Washington has been most helpful in identifying fossils 

from the Sneakover Limestone Member.

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UPPER CAMBRIAN ORR FORMATION, WESTERN UTAH G25

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691- 31 1-1976