CHAPTER 9

INDEX 

INDEX

CHAPTER 9

INDEX

Air Quality

Description: 3-2

Effects: 4-5

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-5

Methodology for Assessing Impacts to Air Quality: 

4-5

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-6

Impacts by Alternative: 4-7

Mitigation: 4-10

Cumulative Effects: 4-105

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-118

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

Alternatives

Chapter 2 of the EIS is devoted to describing the 

alternatives

Chapter 4 is devoted to analyzing the effects of the No 

Action Alternative and alternatives B, C, and D

Development of Alternatives: 1-7

Description of the Alternatives: 2-2

Alternative A: 2-3

Alternative B: 2-4

Alternative C: 2-4

Alternative D: 2-7

Alternatives Considered but Not Analyzed Further: 2-7

Summary of Impacts by Alternatives: 2-10

See also Air Quality; Soil Resources; Water Resources 

and Quality; Wetland and Riparian Areas; Fish and 

Other Aquatic Organisms; Wildlife Resources; 

Livestock; Wild Horses and Burros; Paleontological 

and Cultural Resources; Visual Resources; Wilderness 

and Special Areas; Recreation; Social and Economic 

Values; and Human Health and Safety

American Indian and Alaska Native Cultural 

Resources

Alaska National Interest Conservation Lands 

(ANILCA) Section 810 Analysis of Subsistence 

Impacts: Appendix C

See Paleontological and Cultural Resources

Anadromous Fish

See Fish and Other Aquatic Organisms

Biological Soil Crust

See Soil Resources

Climate 

Description: 3-2

Consultation and Coordination

Chapter 5 of the EIS is devoted to consultation and 

coordination

Description: 1-4

Coordination and Education: 2-9

Cumulative Effects

Structure of the Cumulative Effects Analysis: 4-104

Resource Protection Measures Considered in the 

Cumulative Effects Analysis: 4-104

Cumulative Effects by Resources: 4-105

Unavoidable Adverse Effects: 4-115

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-117

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

Decisions to be Made

Decisions to be Made by Decisionmaker: 1-3

Demographic

See Social and Economic Values

Economic Environment

See Social and Economic Values

Ecoregions

Description: 3-1

Program Goals by Ecoregion: 4-4

Effects

Comparison of Alternatives: 2-11

How the Effects of the Alternatives Were Estimated: 

4-1

Chapter 4 is devoted to analyzing the effects of the No 

Action Alternative and alternatives B, C, and D

Environment

Chapter 3 of the EIS is devoted to a description of the 

environment

Chapter 4 of the EIS is devoted to analysis of effects 

on the environment

European Settlement Resources

See Paleontological and Cultural Resources

BLM Vegetation Treatments Three New Herbicides 9-1 January 2016

Final Programmatic EIS
INDEX

Expenditures by the BLM

See Social and Economic Values

Fish and Other Aquatic Organisms

Description: 3-20

Special Status Species: 3-20

Effects: 4-41

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-41

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-41

Impacts Assessment Methodology: 4-42, 4-49

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-44, 4-49

Impacts by Alternative: 4-47, 4-50

Special Status Fish and Other Aquatic Organisms: 

4-48

Mitigation: 4-48, 4-51

Cumulative Effects: 4-108

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-119

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

Fire

Vegetation Condition and Fire Regimes: 3-17

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

See Air Quality

Herbicides

Herbicide Active Ingredients Evaluated Under the 

Proposed Alternatives: 2-1

Herbicide Formulations and Tank Mixes: 2-2

Herbicide Treatment Standard Operating Procedures: 

2-7

Human Health and Safety

Description: 3-37

Effects: 4-87

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-87

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-87

Human Health Risk Assessment Methodology: 

4-88

Human Health Risks Associated with Herbicides: 

4-89

Impacts by Alternative: 4-102

Mitigation: 4-103

Cumulative Effects: 4-115

Unavoidable Effects: 4-117

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-120

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-123

Impacts

See Alternatives and Cumulative Effects

Important Plant Uses and Species Used by 

American Indians and Alaska Natives

See Paleontological and Cultural Resources

Issues and Concerns

Issues and Concerns (scoping): 1-6

Issues Not Addressed: 1-7

Land Use

Description: 3-1

Effects: 4-4

Livestock

Description: 3-21

Effects: 4-64

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-64

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-64

Impacts Assessment Methodology: 4-64

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-65

Impacts by Alternative: 4-67

Mitigation: 4-68

Cumulative Effects: 4-110

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-119

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-122

Mitigation

Description: 2-9

See also Air Quality; Soil Resources; Water Resources 

and Quality; Wetland and Riparian Areas; Fish and 

Other Aquatic Organisms; Wildlife Resources; 

Livestock; Wild Horses and Burros; Paleontological 

and Cultural Resources; Visual Resources; Wilderness 

and Special Areas; Recreation; Social and Economic 

Values; and Human Health and Safety

Native Peoples

See Social and Economic Values; Paleontological and 

Cultural Resources; and Cumulative Effects

Non-timber Forest Products

Description: 3-19

Noxious Weeds and Other Invasive Vegetation

Description: 3-17

Paleontological and Cultural Resources

Description: 3-22

Effects: 4-71

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated the 

in Assessment: 4-71

BLM Vegetation Treatments Three New Herbicides 9-2 January 2016

Final Programmatic EIS
INDEX

Paleontological and Cultural Resources (cont.)

Effects (cont.)

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-71

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-72

Herbicide Impacts on Native American Health: 4-

73

Impacts by Alternative: 4-74

Mitigation: 4-75

Cumulative Effects: 4-111

Unavoidable Effects: 4-117

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-119

Irreversible Effects: 4-122

Public Involvement

Public Scoping Meetings: 1-6

Public Review and Comment on the Draft 

Programmatic EIS: 1-7

Public Involvement: 5-1

Purpose and Need for the Proposed Action

Proposed Action: 1-1

Purpose and Need: 1-2

Recreation 

Description: 3-28

Effects: 4-80

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-80

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-80

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-80

Impacts by Alternative: 4-81

Mitigation: 4-82

Cumulative Effects: 4-113

Unavoidable Effects: 4-117

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-120

Irreversible Effects: 4-122

Revenues Generated by BLM Lands

See Social and Economic Values

Riparian Areas

See Wetlands and Riparian Areas

Rights-of-way

Description: 3-29

Risk from Cancer, Disease, Injuries, or Using 

Herbicides on Public Lands

See Human Health and Safety

Scoping

Scope of Analysis: 1-2

Public Involvement and Analysis of Issues: 1-6, 5-1

Social and Economic Values

Description: 3-29

Effects: 4-82

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-82

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-82

Impact Assessment Assumptions: 4-83

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-83

Impacts by Alternative: 4-84

Mitigation: 4-87

Cumulative Effects: 4-114

Unavoidable Effects: 4-117

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-120

Irreversible Effects: 4-123

Soil Compaction

See Soil Resources

Soil Erosion

See Soil Resources

Soil Resources

Description: 3-6

Effects: 4-9

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-10

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-10

Factors that Influence the Fate, Transport, and 

Persistence of Herbicides in Soil: 4-10

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-11

Impacts by Alternative: 4-13

Mitigation: 4-14

Cumulative Effects: 4-106

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-118

Irreversible Effects: 4-121

Special Status Species

See Fish and Other Aquatic Resources

See Vegetation

See Wildlife Resources

Species

Common and Scientific Names of Species: 

Appendix A

Special Status Species List: Appendix E

Statues, Regulations, and Policies

Relationship to Statutes, Regulations, and Policies: 1-3

Stipulations and Required Operating Procedures

Herbicide Treatment Standard Operating Procedures

and Guidelines: 2-7

BLM Vegetation Treatments Three New Herbicides 9-3 January 2016

Final Programmatic EIS
INDEX

Stipulations and Required Operating Procedures 

(cont.)

Monitoring: 2-9

See also Air Quality; Soil Resources; Water Resources 

and Quality; Wetland and Riparian Areas; Fish and 

Other Aquatic Organisms; Wildlife Resources; 

Livestock; Wild Horses and Burros; Paleontological 

and Cultural Resources; Visual Resources; Wilderness 

and Special Areas; Recreation; Social and Economic 

Values; and Human Health and Safety

Threatened and Endangered Species

Consultation: Chapter 5

List of Special Status Species: Appendix E

Topography, Geology, Minerals, Oil, and Gas

Description: 3-6

Vegetation

Monitoring: 2-9

Description: 3-11

Special Status Species: 3-19

Effects: 4-25

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-25

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-25

Impacts Assessment Methodology: 4-26, 4-38

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-27, 4-38

Impacts by Ecoregion: 4-33

Impacts by Alternative: 4-33, 4-39

Special Status Plant Species: 4-38

Mitigation: 4-38, 4-41

Cumulative Effects: 4-108

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-118

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

Vegetation Condition and Fire Regimes

Description: 3-17

Visual Resources

Description: 3-25

Effects: 4-75

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-75

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-75

BLM Assessment of Visual Resource Values: 4-76

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-76

Impacts by Alternative: 4-76

Mitigation: 4-77

Cumulative Effects: 4-112

Unavoidable Effects: 4-117

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-120

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-122

Water Resources and Quality

Water Resources Description: 3-8

Water Quality Description: 3-9

Effects: 4-14

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-14

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-14

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-15

Impacts by Alternative: 4-19

Mitigation: 4-20

Cumulative Effects: 4-106

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-118

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

Wetland and Riparian Areas

Description: 3-10

Effects: 4-21

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-21

Factors that Influence the Fate, Transport, and 

Persistence of Herbicides in Wetlands and Riparian 

Areas: 4-21

Methodology for Assessing Impacts to Wetland 

and Riparian Areas: 4-21

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-22

Impacts by Alternative: 4-24

Mitigation: 4-25

Cumulative Effects: 4-107

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-118

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

Wild Horses and Burros

Description: 3-22

Effects: 4-68

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-68

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-68

Impacts Assessment Methodology: 4-68

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-68

Impacts by Alternative: 4-69

Mitigation: 4-71

Cumulative Effects: 4-111

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-119

Irreversible Effects: 4-122

Wilderness and Other Special Areas

Description: 3-26

BLM Vegetation Treatments Three New Herbicides 9-4 January 2016

Final Programmatic EIS
INDEX

Wilderness and Special Areas (cont.)

Effects: 4-77

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Addressed in 

the Assessment: 4-78

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-78

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-78

Impacts by Alternative: 4-79

Mitigation: 4-80

Cumulative Effects: 4-112

Unavoidable Effects: 4-117

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-120

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-122

See also Recreation Resources

See also Visual Resources

Wildlife Resources

Description: 3-20

Special Status Species: 3-21

Effects: 4-51

Scoping Comments and Other Issues Evaluated in 

the Assessment: 4-52

Standard Operating Procedures: 4-52

Impacts Assessment Methodology: 4-53, 4-61

Summary of Herbicide Impacts: 4-54, 4-61

Impacts of Herbicide Treatments on Wildlife and 

Habitat by Ecoregion: 4-57

Impacts by Alternative: 4-59, 4-61

Mitigation: 4-60, 4-63

Special Status Wildlife Species: 4-60

Cumulative Effects: 4-109

Unavoidable Effects: 4-116

Short- and Long-term Effects: 4-119

Irreversible and Irretrievable Effects: 4-121

BLM Vegetation Treatments Three New Herbicides 9-5 January 2016

Final Programmatic EIS