# Patent

## Title
Integral treadmill resistance training apparatus

## Abstract

An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus includes a treadmill having a treadway; left and right support columns, each support column including a base portion connected to the treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from the base portion; first and second translation members, each of the first and second translation members rotatingly connected to the left and right support column upper portions, respectively, at a translation axis, each of the translation members including one or more resistance strap connection points radially distal from the translation axis; first and second articulated handles connected to the first and second translation members, respectively; first and second handle locking mechanisms engageable with the first and second translation members and the first and second handles, respectively; and, one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members and the left and right support columns, respectively.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a nonprovisional application of, and claims priority to, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/109,092, filed Oct. 28, 2008, which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to resistance training exercise apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to exercise treadmills with integral resistance training means for resistance training strength workouts.
BACKGROUND
Home exercise machines are widespread. Some machines provide aerobic exercise, such as treadmills and other “cardio machines,” Some machines provide strength training such as weight machines and resistance machines using elastic straps or resistance gears. Examples include such suppliers as BOWFLEXTM and NAUTILUSTM. These machines have drawbacks, however. These machines are essentially single purpose—they provide either a cardio workout or a strength workout, but can't provide for both in the same footprint. Most people have limited space in their home or office to store and use exercise equipment and don't have room for both a cardio machine and a strength machine. These machines can also be quite expensive. The cost of purchasing a stand-alone cardio machine and a stand-alone strength machine can be prohibitive for many. Limited space available in user's homes may also preclude two separate machines.
An effective strength training machine should provide for multiple positions and multiple angles of resistance in order to work different muscle groups. An effective strength training machine should provide for exercises in the supine and standing positions. Users would benefit greatly from being able to integrate strength training exercises into a single cardio-strength training machine rather than have to obtain separate machines.
Thus, there is a need for an apparatus which integrates an exercise treadmill with strength training means into a single machine without negating its ability to operate as a treadmill.
A number of devices have provided treadmills or resistance exercises, but lack the ability to integrate the two together to create an operating treadmill for resistance training, with the ability to perform exercises in a sitting or supine position as well as while walking on the treadmill. Presently known art attempts to address this problem, but has not completely solved the problem. The following represents a list of known related art












Reference:
Issued to:
Date of Issue:







US 2007/0191197 A1
Vittone et al.
pub. Aug. 16, 2007


U.S. Pat. No. 6,520,891 B1
Stevens, Jr.
Feb. 18, 2003


U.S. Pat. No. 5,997,448
Dubna
Dec. 7, 1999


U.S. Pat. No. 5,632,708
Wilkinson et al.
May 27, 1997


U.S. Pat. No. 5,584,783
Hagg et al.
Dec. 17, 1996


U.S. Pat. No. 5,405,305
Wilkinson et al.
Apr. 11, 1995


U.S. Pat. No. 5,269,737
Sobotka
Dec. 14, 1993


U.S. Pat. No. 5,254,064
Rock
Oct. 19, 1993


U.S. Pat. No. 5,178,591
Lyons
Jan. 21, 1993


U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,035
Nathaniel
May 7, 1991


U.S. Pat. No. 4,304,402
Ripp
Dec. 8, 1981


U.S. Pat. No. 2,919,134
Zuro
Dec. 29, 1959


U.S. Pat. No. 1,390,095
Dettinger et al.
Sep. 6, 1921


U.S. Pat. No. 1,019,861
Titus
Mar. 12, 1912









The teachings of each of the above-listed citations (which does not itself incorporate essential material by reference) are herein incorporated by reference. None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singularly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed.
U.S. Patent Publication 2007/0191197A1, by Vittone et al., teaches an exercise machine including an elastic band and a tension fulcrum positioned so that the band extends around the tension fulcrum to provide resistance exercise to the user. The system is designed as an integral machine, with individually moving vertically oriented handles, operating in a motion akin to cross country skiing. Vittone does not teach apparatus or methods for converting an existing treadmill to provide strength training. Vittone does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,520,891 B1, to Stephens, teaches a treadmill integrated with a lever handle attached to a height adjustable stanchion with spring tensioners providing resistance. Stephens does not teach apparatus or methods for converting an existing treadmill to provide strength training. Stephens does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,997,448, to Dubna, teaches a strength exercise apparatus using elastic bands for resistance. The bands are attached to a fixed post with height-adjustable cross piece. Dubna does not teach apparatus or methods for converting an existing treadmill to provide strength training. Dubna does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,632,708 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,405,305, to Wilkinson et al, consist of an elastic band attached to a bicycle or treadmill. The user pulls directly on the elastic band for resistance exercise. Wilkinson does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Wilkinson does not teach Wilkinson does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,584,783, to Hagg at al, teaches a system for modifying a stationary bicycle for strength exercises by attaching longitudinal rails to the base of the stationary bicycle and attaching elastic bands to the rails using sliding clamps. Hagg does not teach apparatus or methods for converting an existing treadmill to provide strength training. Hagg does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Hagg does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,269,737, to Sobotka, teaches an exercise device for exercising the oblique and upper torso muscles using elastic bands. Sobotka does not teach apparatus or methods for converting an existing treadmill to provide strength training. Sobotka does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Sobotka does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,254,064, to Rock, teaches the use bare elastic cords attached to a center post of an exercise treadmill for strength training. Operation requires the user pull directly on the cords using hand rings. Rock does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Rock does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,178,591 to Lyons teaches a T-bar attachment for a central post of a stair-stepper machine. The central T-bar includes hooks for elastic straps which straps a user can use for exercises. Operation requires the user pull directly on the cords using hand rings. Lyons does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Lyons does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,035, to Nathaniel, teaches a vertical arched frame with attachment points for elastic bands which can be used for resistance exercises. Operation requires the user pull directly on the cords using hand rings. Nathaniel does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Nathaniel does not teach adapting a treadmill for resistance exercise training. Nathaniel does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,304,402, to Ripp, teaches an exercise apparatus using elastic bands where a user anchors one end with their feet and pulls the opposite end of the straps, which are connected to a handle. Operation requires the user pull directly on the cords using a hand grip. Ripp does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Ripp does not teach adapting a treadmill for resistance exercise training. Ripp does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,919,134, to Zuro, teaches an expandable rod, for inserting horizontally between vertical walls, which rod includes connections for springs usable for resistance training. Operation requires the user pull directly on the springs using hand rings, Zuro does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Zuro does not teach adapting a treadmill for resistance exercise training. Zuro does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,390,095, to Dettinger et al, is similar to Zuro, teaching an adjustable frame which can be anchored to a wall and adjoining floor, anchoring springs usable for resistance training. Operation requires the user pull directly on the springs using hand rings. Dettinger does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Dettinger does not teach adapting a treadmill for resistance exercise training. Dettinger does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,019,861, to Titus, teaches a device essentially similar to Ripp: an exercise apparatus using elastic bands where a user anchors one end with their feet and pulls the opposite end of the straps, which are connected to a handle. Operation requires the user pull directly on the cords using a hand grip. Titus does not teach the use of a translation wheel. Titus does not teach adapting a treadmill for resistance exercise training. Titus does not teach apparatus or methods permitting strength exercises using a treadmill from a supine position.
As can be seen, the foregoing body of art does not provide for: (1) apparatus and methods to integrate strength training with a wide range of motion and exercises into a treadmill for strength training; (2) which allows continued use of the treadmill as a treadmill; (3) which includes angular adjustments for the arms; (4) which includes articulated arms; (5) which can be used for upper body strength exercises from both a standing and a supine position; (6) which may incorporate an exercise bench mountable over a treadmill.
SUMMARY AND ADVANTAGES
An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus includes a treadmill having forward end, an aft end, and a treadway; left and right support columns, each of the support columns including a base portion connected to the treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from the base portion; first and second translation members, each of the first and second translation members rotatingly connected to the left and right support column upper portions, respectively, at a translation axis, each of the translation members including one or more resistance strap connection points radially distal from the translation axis; first and second handles connected to the first and second translation members, respectively; first and second handle locking mechanisms engageable with the first and second translation members and the first and second handles, respectively; and, one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members and the left and right support columns, respectively. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the first and second handles includes an articulation joint and an articulation joint locking mechanism engageable at selected angles. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein the articulation joint includes an adjustable rotational resistance mechanism. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members and the left and right support columns, respectively, comprises a plurality of resistance straps connected in opposing orientation, such that resistance is created when rotating the translation member in either the clockwise or counter-clockwise directions. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include first and second resistance strap pre-tensioners. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include wherein the left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to the treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between the left and right support columns. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, further comprising: wherein each of the left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to the support column, and wherein each of the translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include first and second adjustable grips, each of the adjustable grips including a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to the first and second handles, respectively, a hand grip portion extending from and offset from the first portion, and a locking mechanism releasably engageable with the first portion and the handle.
The integral treadmill resistance training apparatus of the present invention presents numerous advantages, including: (1) apparatus and methods to integrate strength training with a wide range of motion and exercises into a treadmill for strength training; (2) which allows continued use of the treadmill as a treadmill; (3) which includes angular adjustments for the arms; (4) which includes articulated arms which can incorporate variable resistance; (5) which can be used for upper body strength exercises from both a standing and a supine position; (6) which may incorporate an exercise bench mountable over a treadmill; (7) which conserves space by combining resistance training mechanisms into a treadmill; (8) which significantly increases cardiovascular conditioning by incorporating strength exercises while walking on the treadmill. (9) The adjustability of the angle of the handle to the translation member and the articulated handle joints allow users of differing heights to make the machine fit their body proportions. (10) The angular adjustability also permits the user to focus on different muscle groups or make adjustments based on the speed of the treadmill treadway. (11) The user can select and lock the articulated joints to ensure ergonomically correct wrist angle, or may unlock the joints to utilize the variable resistance capabilities of the joints. (12)
Adjustable grips allow a user to widen or narrow their grip to emphasize different muscle groups, or to accommodate a bigger body. (13) The apparatus can be used while the treadmill treadway is running to increase the intensity of cardiovascular training, or can be used with the treadway stopped for more traditional strength training exercises.
Additional advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the descriptions which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. Further benefits and advantages of the embodiments of the invention will become apparent from consideration of the following detailed description given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which specify and show preferred embodiments of the present invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate one or more embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles and implementations of the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a front perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a partially exploded view of a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 shows a side view of a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows front perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention with an articulated bench.
FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of a resistance attachment of a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 shows a front perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows a side cut-away view of a second embodiment of the invention, indicating the nature of movement.
FIG. 8 shows an exploded view of a resistance attachment of a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 shows an exploded view of a translation member and articulated handle of a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 shows a front perspective view of an embodiment of an integral treadmill resistance trailing apparatus.
FIG. 11 shows a cut-away left side profile of another embodiment of an integral treadmill resistance training apparatus.
FIG. 12 shows a an embodiment having an adjustable grip.
FIG. 13 shows a close-up view of an adjustable grip.










REFERENCE NUMBERS FOR DRAWINGS


The following list of reference numbers used in the Detailed 


Description and Drawings is provided for convenience:


















 100
First embodiment of a treadmill conversion 




resistance training apparatus



 102
Mounting Bracket First Piece Interior Surface



 103
Mounting Bracket Second Piece Interior Surface



 104
Mounting Bracket First Piece First Extension



 105
Mounting Bracket First Piece Outer Surface



 106
Mounting Bracket First Piece Second Extension



 107
Mounting Bracket Second Piece Outer Surface



 108
Mounting Bracket Second Piece First Extension



 109
Mounting Bracket Second Piece Second Extension



 110
Resistance Attachment



 110a
Left Resistance Attachment



 110b
Right Resistance Attachment



 112
Mounting Bracket First Piece Top Edge



 114
Mounting Bracket First Piece Bottom Edge



 116
Mounting Bracket Second Piece Top Edge



 118
Mounting Bracket Second Piece Bottom Edge



 120
Mounting Bracket



 122
Mounting Bracket First Piece



 124
Mounting Bracket Second Piece



 126
Mounting Bracket Slotted Holes



 128
Mounting Bracket Threaded Tighteners



 132
Mounting Bracket Cutout



 134
Translation Member Connection Point



 136
Securing Straps



 138
Resistance Strap Anchor



 140
Resistance Straps



 142
Index Pin



 144
Resistance Strap First End



 146
Resistance Strap Second End



 148
Axle Bolt



 150
Translation Member



 151
Axle Bolt Lock Nut



 152
Central Mounting Hole



 154
Washer



 160
Index Holes



 170
Translation Member Arm



 172
Resistance Strap Connection Points on Lever Arm



 180
Handle



 182
Handle First Connection End



 184
Handle Second Grip End



 186
Handle First Mounting Hole



 188
Handle Second Mounting Hole



 200
Exercise Bench



1000 
Second embodiment of treadmill conversion 




resistance training apparatus



1010
Resistance Attachment



1010a
Left Resistance Attachment



1010b
Right Resistance Attachment



1020
Mounting Bracket



1020a
Left Mounting Bracket



1020b
Right Mounting Bracket



1022 
Mounting Bracket First Part



1024 
Mounting Bracket Second Part



1026 
Mounting Bracket Slotted Holes



1028 
Mounting Bracket Threaded Tightener



1034 
Translation Member Connection Point



1036 
Securing Straps



1038 
Resistance Strap Anchor



1039 
Anchor Mounting Hole



1040 
Resistance Strap



1041 
Resistance Strap Anchor Lock Washer



1042 
Removable Locking Pins



1044 
Resistance Strap First End



1046 
Resistance Strap Second End



1048 
Axle Bolt



1050 
Translation Member



1051 
Axle Bolt Lock Nut



1052 
Translation Member First Plate



1053 
First Plate Center Hole



1054 
Translation Member Second Plate



1055 
Second Plate Center Hole



1056 
Translation Member Spacers



1058 
Translation Member Bolts



1059 
Translation Member Lock Nuts



1060 
First Plate Index Holes



1062 
Second Plate Index Holes



1080 
Handle



1082 
Handle First Part



1084 
Handle First Part Index Hole



1085 
Handle First Part Index Hole



1086 
Handle First Part Mounting Hole



1088 
Handle Second Part



1090 
Handle Joint



1092 
Handle Joint First Plate



1094 
Handle Joint Second Plate



1096 
Handle Joint First Plate Index Holes



1098 
Handle Joint Second Plate Index Holes



1100 
Handle Joint First Plate Center Mounting Hole



1102 
Handle Joint Second Plate Center Mounting Hole



1104 
First Friction Disk



1106
Second Friction Disk



1108
Handle Second Part Mounting Hole



1110
Handle Second Part Index Hole



1112
Hand Grip



1116
Handle Joint Axle Bolt



1120
Flexible Straps



T
Exercise Treadmill



F
Exercise Treadmill Front End



A
Exercise Treadmill Aft End



VL
Exercise Treadmill Left Vertical Support



VR
Exercise Treadmill Right Vertical Support



2000
First embodiment of an integral treadmill 




resistance training apparatus



2002
Treadmill



2004
Treadmill forward end



2006
Treadmill aft end



2008
Treadmill treadway



2009
Treadmill control panel



2010a 
Left support column



2010b 
Right support column



2034a 
Left translation axis



2034b 
Right translation axis



2038a 
Left resistance strap anchor



2038b 
Right resistance strap anchor



2040
Resistance strap



2042
Locking pin



2050a 
Left translation member



2050b 
Right translation member



2080a 
Left handle



2080b 
Right handle



2090a 
Left handle joint



2090b 
Right handle joint



2130a 
Left support column horizontal locking pin



2130b 
Right support column horizontal locking pin



2132
Support column mounting rail



2140a 
Left support column sleeve



2140b 
Right support column sleeve



2142a 
Left sleeve locking pin



2142b 
Right sleeve locking pin



3000
Second embodiment of an integral treadmill 




resistance training apparatus



3002
Treadmill



3004
Treadmill forward end



3006
Treadmill aft end



3008
Treadmill treadway



3010a
Left support column



3038a
Left Resistance strap anchor



3040a
Left Resistance strap



3041a
Left Resistance strap



3042 
Locking pins



3050a
Left Translation member



3080a
Left handle



3090a
Left handle articulation joint



3124 
Resistance strap locking pin



3126 
Resistance strap locking pin



3140a
Left support column sleeve



4000 
Third embodiment of an integral treadmill 




resistance training apparatus



4080
Articulated handle



4088
Articulated handle second part



4090 
Articulation joint



4150 
Adjustable grip



4152 
Adjustable grip first portion



4154 
Adjustable grip hand grip portion



4156 
Hand grip portion first length



4158 
Hand grip portion second length



4160 
Locking mechanism



4162 
Locking pin



4164
Adjustable grip locking holes



4166
Elongated translational locking hole













DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Before beginning a detailed description of the subject invention, mention of the following is in order. When appropriate, like reference materials and characters are used to designate identical, corresponding, or similar components in differing figure drawings. The figure drawings associated with this disclosure typically are not drawn with dimensional accuracy to scale, i.e., such drawings have been drafted with a focus on clarity of viewing and understanding rather than dimensional accuracy.
In the interest of clarity, not all of the routine features of the implementations described herein are shown and described. It will, of course, be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with application- and business-related constraints, and that these specific goals will vary from one implementation to another and from one developer to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of engineering for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
For ease of reference a common identification system is used herein for describing the disclosed embodiments. An exercise treadmill as used in this Specification is defined to include a treadway, which the exerciser walks upon during use, a front end, which is the end the exerciser faces when walking forward, and a back end, which is open for the exerciser to enter the treadmill. A “treadmill” also includes the motors and controls associated with an exercise treadmill. Exercise treadmills include variable speed motors which move the treadway and user-accessible controls and safety switches for adjusting the motor speeds. Exercise treadmills often include means for adjusting the angle of the treadway as well. In this regard, reference herein to a “treadmill” or “treadmill means” includes the motors, controls, and safety devices of an exercise treadmill. The invention disclosed includes mirror image left-side and right-side resistance mechanisms. “Mirror-image” includes where the left and right-side components are essentially identical and interchangeable. For clarity, in this Specification, left-side components are described using “a” suffices, right-side components are described using “b” suffices, to indicate their correspondence, and the corresponding left-side and right-side components are referred to collectively without the suffix. For example, referring to FIG. 1, the left-side resistance attachment is identified as 10a, the right-side resistance attachment is identified as 10b, and the treadmill conversion apparatus as a whole is identified as 10. Subcomponents are referred to without lettering as they are redundant.
An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus includes a treadmill having forward end, an aft end, and a treadway; left and right support columns, each of the support columns including a base portion connected to the treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from the base portion; first and second translation members, each of the first and second translation members rotatingly connected to the left and right support column upper portions, respectively, at a translation axis, each of the translation members including one or more resistance trap connection points radially distal from the translation axis; first and second handles connected to the first and second translation members, respectively; first and second handle locking mechanisms engageable with the first and second translation members and the first and second handles, respectively; and, one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members and the left and right support columns, respectively. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the first and second handles includes an articulation joint and an articulation joint locking mechanism engageable at selected angles. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein the articulation joint includes an adjustable rotational resistance mechanism. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members and the left and right support columns, respectively, comprises a plurality of resistance straps connected in opposing orientation, such that resistance is created when rotating the translation member in either the clockwise or counter-clockwise directions. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include first and second resistance strap pre-tensioners. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include wherein the left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to the treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between the left and right support columns. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, further comprising: wherein each of the left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to the support column, and wherein each of the translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include first and second adjustable grips, each of the adjustable grips including a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to the first and second handles, respectively, a hand grip portion extending from and offset from the first portion, and a locking mechanism releasably engageable with the first portion and the handle.
An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus, includes a treadmill having a forward end, an aft end, and a treadway; left and right support columns, each of the support ns including a base portion connected to the treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from the base portion; first and second translation members rotatingly attached to the left and right column upper portions, respectively; first and second articulated handles connected to the first and second translation members, respectively, each of the handles having a first part and a second part and a joint connecting the first and second parts, wherein each of the handle first parts is further connectable to the respective translation member at an adjustable angle to the translation member, and wherein each of the joints includes a locking mechanism engageable with the joint and the handle second part at selectable angles to the handle first part, and wherein each of the handle second parts further includes a hand grip; and, a plurality of resistance straps connectable between the translation members and the support columns. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include herein of the first and second handle joints further includes adjustable rotational resistance mechanism. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the articulated handle joint adjustable rotational resistance mechanism comprises one or more friction disks. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members and the left and right support columns, respectively, comprises a plurality of resistance straps connected in opposing orientation, such that resistance is created when rotating the translation member in either the clockwise or counter-clockwise directions. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, first and second resistance strap pre-tensioners.
An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein the left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to the treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between the left and right support columns. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to the support column, and wherein each of the translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, first and second adjustable grips, each of the adjustable grips including a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to the first and second handle second parts, respectively, a hand grip portion extending from and offset from the adjustable grip first portion, and a locking mechanism releasably engageable with the adjustable grip first portion and the handle second portion.
An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus includes a treadmill having a forward end, an aft end, and a treadway; left and right support columns, each of the support columns including a base portion connected to the treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from the base portion; first and second resistance strap bottom anchors projecting outwardly from the left and right support lumns, respectively; first and second translation members rotatingly connected to the right and left support column upper portions, respectively, each of the translation members comprising: a central mounting hole, a plurality of handle indexing holes distributed radially around the central mounting hole at selected angular offsets, and one or more resistance strap connection points radially distal from the central mounting hole; first and second handles adjustably connected to the first and second translation members, respectively, each of the handles comprising: an elongated shaft extending from a first connection end to a second grip end, a first handle mounting hole disposed proximal to the handle connection end, a second handle mounting hole disposed distally from the first handle mounting hole toward the handle grip end, wherein the distance between the first and second handle mounting holes matches the radial distance between the center mounting hole and the plurality of handle index holes of the translation member, and further wherein a portion of the handle near the second end includes a hand grip; a first axle rotatingly connecting the first handle and the first translation member to the left support column, and a second axle rotatingly connecting the second handle and the second translation member to the right support column; first and second handle index pins removably engageable with the first and second handles and the first and second translation members, respectively, through the handle second mounting hole and a selected handle index hole; and, a plurality of resistance straps, each of the resistance straps connectable at a first end to a resistance strap anchor and at a second end to a translation member connection point.
An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the first and second axles comprises: an axle post extending outwardly from the support column, the axle post having an axial center through-hole, a rotational bearing mounted to the axle post, a center bolt, and a center bolt retaining nut; wherein each of the translation members is rotatingly attached to the respective axle post over the bearing, thereby engaging the bearing, and the center bolt extends through the center through hole and the handle first mounting hole and engages the center bolt retaining nut. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, further comprising: wherein the left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to the treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between the left and right support columns. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus may include, wherein each of the left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to the support column, and wherein each of the translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve and further wherein each of the first and second bottom anchors projects from the left and right support column sleeves, respectively.
Referring to FIGS. 1-5, in a first embodiment a treadmill conversion resistance training apparatus 100 is provided fora treadmill T having left and right support columns VL and VR, respectively, a forward and F and an aft end A. Treadmill conversion apparatus 100 includes mirror-image left and right attachments 110a and 110b, respectively, for attaching to the treadmill left and right support columns VL and VR. Each of the resistance attachments 110a and 110b has a vertical mounting bracket 120a and 120b removably attachable to treadmill support columns VL and VR. Resistance attachments 110a and 110b are mirror images of each other and include redundant components, so will be described generically.
Referring again to FIGS. 1-5, in a first embodiment a resistance attachment 110 includes a vertical mounting bracket 120, a translation member 150 rotatingly connectable to vertical mounting bracket 120 at a connection point 134. Vertical mounting bracket 120 includes opposing first and second bracket pieces 122 and a piece 124 for mounting around support columns VL and VR. Each of first and second bracket pieces 122 and 124 have a top edge 112 and 116, respectively, and a bottom edge 114 and 118, respectively. Each of mounting bracket pieces 122 and 124 includes cutouts 132 to reduce weight. Mounting bracket pieces 122 and 124 are generally U-shaped in cross section with first extensions 104 and 108, respectively, and second extensions 106 and 109, respectively, creating interior surfaces 102 and 103, respectively, and outer surfaces 105 and 107, respectively. At least one, clamping bolt 128 is provided which engages mounting bracket first piece 122 through slotted hole 126 in mounting bracket second piece extension 104. In the embodiment two clamping bolts each are provided at the forward and aft of each vertical mounting brackets 120. Retaining straps 136 are provided to help assemble and stabilize mounting brackets 120. Anchor 138 extends outwardly from the outer surface 105 of mounting bracket first piece 122 proximal to bottom edge 114. In the embodiment anchor 138 is a fixed threaded post.
Connection point 134 extending outwardly from mounting bracket first piece 122 and located proximal to top edge 112, receives axle bolt 148 defining a translation axis about which translation member 150 and handle 180 rotate. In the disclosed embodiment connection point 134 is a short cylinder welded to mounting bracket first part 122. Translation member 150 has connector 172 for removably connecting one or more resistance straps 140. Handle 180 is connectable to translation member 150. In the embodiment handle 180 is an elongated shaft having first end 182 and second end 184. Handle second end 184 provides a hand grip. Handle 180 has a first mounting hole 186 for removably connecting to translation member 150 by receiving axle bolt 148 there through and a second mounting hole 188 for receiving an index locking pin 142 there through. In the disclosed embodiment lock nut 151 retains handle 180 and translation member 150. Washer 154 is provided between translation member 150 and connection point 134. Alternatively washer 154 may be replaced by a rotational bearing mounted onto connection point 134. Axle bolt 148 may be removable or alternatively a fixed axle. Handle 180 may be articulated.
Handle 180 can be locked at an adjustable angular orientation in relation to the translation member 150, such that moving the locked handle 180 causes the translation member 150 to rotate about the translation axis 134. In the osed embodiment translation member 150 includes a plurality of index holes 160 disposed radially about central mounting hole 152 at pre-selected angular offsets. The distance between handle first mounting hole 186 and handle second mounting hole 188 is equal to the distance between center mounting hole 152 and index holes 160. Receiving hooks 172 are provided for removably connecting one or more resistance straps 140 to translation member 150 at a point radially distant from center mounting hole 152. Translation arm 170 extends radially outward from translation member 150 to provide a connection point with a greater range of motion while maintaining translation member 150 relatively compact.
One or more resistance straps 140 removably connectable between the translation member 150 and the vertical mounting bracket 120. Each of resistance straps 140 include a first end 144 connectable to receiving hook 172 and a second end 146 connectable at anchor 138. Resistance straps 140 provide incremental resistance for exercises, with the user selecting the number and type cif resistance straps 140 depending on their ability and desired intensity of their workout.
Referring to FIG. 4, a treadmill conversion apparatus may include an exercise bench 200 which fits over treadmill T treadway, to allow for exercising from the supine or sitting positions. Alternatively, a user could simply lay or sit on the treadway.
Treadmill conversion apparatus 100 allows the exercise treadmill T to continue to function as an exercise treadmill while the apparatus 100 is attached to the exercise treadmill T.
Referring to FIGS. 6-9, a second embodiment of a system 1000 for converting an exercise treadmill T for strength training, is shown, having a forward end F, and aft end A, and left and right support columns VL and VR, respectively, and includes left and right attachments, 1010a and 1010b, respectively, where each attachment 1010a and 1010b has a mounting bracket 1020a and 1020b, respectively, removably attachable to a support column VR or VL. Mounting brackets 1020a and 1020b are mirror images of each other and each may be attachable to either support column VR or VL, depending on the configuration preferred by the user. In the disclosed embodiment, mounting brackets 1020a and 1020b are attached with bracket 1020a attached to left column VL and 1020b attached to right column VR, for inside mounting of translation members 1050. Alternatively, for a treadmill T with a more narrow spacing of support columns, mounting bracket 1020a may be mounted to right column VR and mounting bracket 1020b may be mounted to left column VL, to provide outside mounting of translation members 1050. While mounting brackets 1020a and 1020b are mirror images, all other components in the disclosed embodiment are interchangeable on the left and right sides, and so only one attachment 1010 is shown in detail for explanation in FIGS. 7-9.
Referring to FIGS. 6, and FIGS. 7-9, an attachment 1010 includes a vertical mounting bracket 1020 removably attachable to a treadmill support column VL or VR, a translation member 1050 rotatingly connectable to a mounting bracket 1020, articulated handle 1080 connectable to translation member 1050, and one or more resistance straps 1040 connectable between mounting bracket 1020 and translation member 1050.
Referring to FIGS. 6-8, mounting bracket 1020 includes a first part 1022 matable to a second part 1024 about a treadmill support column VR or VL. Threaded tighteners 1028 extend through slotted holes 1026 in second part 1024 to engage threaded receiving holes on first part 1022 in order to secure mounting bracket 1020 around a support column VR or VL. Mounting bracket 1020 may include additional threaded tighteners 1028 on the opposing side as well. Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, adjustable securing straps 1036 are provided to assist in securing vertical mounting brackets 1020a and 1020b to treadmill support columns VR and VL. In the embodiment two adjustable securing straps 1036 are provided for each mounting bracket 1020a & b, one for top and one for bottom.
Referring again to FIG. 8, mounting bracket 1020 includes a connection point 1034 for rotatably and removably connecting translation member 1050. axle bolt 1048 extends through connection point 1034 and translation member 1050 to provide the axis of rotation for translation member 1050, and is secured using a retaining nut and washer set 1051. Alternatively, axle bolt 1048 may be a fixed threaded axle. A rotational bearing for engaging translation member 1050 may be mounted over connection point 1034 or axle bolt 1048 to reduce friction and assist in distributing torque loads. Mounting bracket 1020 includes anchor 1038 with locking pin and washer 1041 for connecting resistance straps 1040 to mounting bracket 1020. In the embodiment axle bolt 1048 and anchor 1038 are mounted from the inside of mounting bracket 1020 oriented outward, so that a user does not have to drill through treadmill support columns VR and VL to attach the vertical mounting bracket 1020. Alternatively, anchor 1038 may be a fixed bolt or post.
Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, translation member 1050 includes opposing first and second plates 1052 and 1054, respectively, which are bolted together via spacers 1056 and bolts 1058 with retaining nuts 1059. Matching index holes 1060 and 1062 are distributed radially about center mounting holes 1053 and 1055 for locking articulated handle 1080 at the desired angular orientation to translation member 1050 using a pair of locking pins 1042.
Articulated handle 1080 includes a first part 1082 connectable to translation member 1050 at a selected angular orientation to translation member 1050 and a second part 1088 rotatingly connected to handle first part 1082 at joint 1090. Handle first part 1082 includes handle first part mounting hole 1086 for receiving axle bolt 1048, and handle first part indexing holes 1084 and 1085 for receiving removable locking pins 1042 when aligned with index holes 1060 and 1062. Joint 1090 includes first and second joint plates 1092 and 1094, respectively, fixed on opposing sides of hand first part 1082 and having matching joint index holes 1096 and 1098 and center mounting holes 1100 and 1102 (1102 not visible in the views), and first and second friction disks 1104 and 1106. Handle second part 1088 has a mounting hole 1108, index hole 1110 and hand grip 1112. When assembled, handle second part 1088 fits between first and second joint plates 1092 and 1094. First and second friction disks 1104 and 1106 fit into the spaces between handle second part 1088 and first and second joint plates 1092 and 1094. Handle second part mounting hole 1108 and friction disks 1104 and 1106 align with joint plate center mounting holes 1100 and 1102 to receive joint axle bolt 1116. In the embodiment joint axle bolt 1116 includes a knurled or petal-shaped handle grip for ease of use. An index locking pin 1042 is provided to engage joint index holes 1096 and 1098 with handle second part index hole 1110, thereby allowing handle second part 1088 to be locked in a desired angular orientation to handle first part 1082. Alternatively, with index pin 1042 removed, handle second part 1088 may be rotated about joint 1090 for exercise, with friction resistance provided by friction disks 1104 and 1106. In the embodiment friction disks 1104 and 1106 are made from plastic material such as nylon for ease of manufacture and minimal expense, as they will wear over time, but any suitable material may be used.
One or more resistance straps 1040 are provided for connecting between mounting bracket 1020 and translation member 1050. Resistance strap 1040 connects at a first end 1046 to mounting bracket 1020 via anchor 1038 and at a second end 1044 to translation member 1050 using a locking pin 1042 through translation member index holes 1060 and 1062. In the embodiment resistance strap 1040 is made from a strong stretchable material such as butyl rubber, but other stretchable materials such as silicone rubber or other suitable materials could be used. Additionally, flexible straps 1120 may be attached to translation member 1050 using a locking pin through index holes 1060 and 1062 in order to increase the range of exercises available. In the disclosed embodiment flexible straps 1120 are bungee cords or surgical tubing.
Referring to FIGS. 6-9, in operation the second embodiment of a treadmill conversion resistance training apparatus, a user begins by assembling and mounting the conversion apparatus to a treadmill. Assembly involves inserting axle bolt 1048 and anchor 1038 through connection point 1034 and hole 1039 (if not permanently mounted), respectively, then mounting the attachments 1010a and 1010b around respective treadmill support columns VR and VL by sandwiching first and second mounting bracket parts 1022 and 1024 around each of support columns VR and VL, tightening adjustable securing straps 1036 to hold them tightly, and threading locking handles 1028 through slotted holes 1026 to lock first and second parts 1022 and 1024 in place. Articulated handle 1080 is inserted into translation member 1050 and aligned at a desired angle, and locking pins 1042 are inserted through index holes 1060, 1062, 1084 and 1085. Translation member 1050, with handle 1080 mounted therein, is attached to connection point 1034 using axle bolt 1048 and retaining nut and washer 1051. Retaining nut and washer 1051 lock to prevent backing off axle bolt 1048, but do not lock translation member 1050 from rotation. Translation member 1050 is free to rotate about axle bolt 1048.
Resistance strap 1040 is connected at first end 1044 using anchor 1038, and at a second end 1046 to translation member 1050 using a locking pin 1042. Resistance strap 1040 may be connected at any of the indexing holes 1060 and 1062, thereby allowing a user to accommodate straps of differing length. The user may also selectively adjust the angle of handle 1080 by selecting different index holes 1060 and 1062, to accommodate different user heights or different ranges of motion. Use of additional resistance straps 1040 allows incremental increase in resistance and therefore the intensity of exercises. Attaching resistance strips 1040 to translation member 1050 at a radial distance from axle bolt 1048 provides a smooth, essentially linear resistance profile. Resistance strap 1040 could also be attached to handle 1080 and function adequately.
Articulated handle joint 1090 allows a user to lock handle 1080 at a selected angle in order to utilize resistance straps 1040 for exercise, or to unlock handle joint handle joint 1090 and use handle 1080 for resistance exercising. Resistance of handle joint 1090 to rotation is adjustable by adjusting the tightness of joint axle bolt 1116—i.e. tightening joint axle bolt 1116 compresses joint plates 1092 and 1094 against friction disks 1104 and 1106, thereby increasing resistance, while looseing joint axle bolt 1116 reduces resistance.
A user may utilize articulated bench 200, shown in FIG. 4, placed over treadway Tin order to perform bench presses, shoulder presses, and other traditional strength exercises from a supine, prone, or sitting position. Alternatively, a user could lay a pad directly on treadway T and lie or sit on the pad to perform exercises.
Referring to FIG. 7, the nature of movement of the translation member 1050 and articulated handle joint 1090 are shown by hidden lines. Varying the angle of handle 1080, and/or the connection point of resistance strap 1040 to translation member 1050, and/or the model of resistance strap 1040, and/or the angle of joint 1090, and/or the rotational resistance of joint 1090, allows the treadmill resistance training apparatus to accommodate a wide range of user heights, abilities, and exercises of various ranges of motion and resistance profiles.
The treadmill resistance training apparatus 1000 is easily removable by reversing the attachment steps described above. A user may choose to simply leave the resistance training apparatus attached, as the apparatus does not interfere with the normal operation of the treadmill.
Referring to FIG. 10, an integral treadmill resistance training apparatus 2000 is shown, including treadmill 2002 having forward and 2004, an aft end 2006, a treadway 2008, and left and right support columns 2010a and 2010b; first and second translation members 2050a and 2050b, each of first and second translation members 2050a & b rotatingly connected to left and right support columns 2010a & b, respectively, at translation axes 2034a and 2034b, each of the translation members having locking pins 2042a and 2042b for removably connecting one or more resistance straps (not shown) at one or more locations; first and second handles 2080a and 2080b connected to the first and second translation members 2050a & b, respectively; locking pins 2122a and 2122b for locking each of the first and second handles 2080a & b at an adjustable angular orientation in relation to the first and second translation members 2050a & b, respectively, such that moving the locked handles 2080a and b causes the respective translation members 2050a & b to rotate about the respective translation axes; and, one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of the first and second translation members 2050a & b and the left and right support columns 2010a & b, respectively, Control panel 2009 provides controls for treadmill 2002.
As shown in FIG. 10, the separation distance between first and second translation members 2050a & b is adjustable to accommodate users of different sizes and to concentrate on different muscle groups. In the embodiment the separation distance is adjusted by moving support columns 2010a & b closer together or farther apart, by removing locking pins 2130a & b and sliding support columns 2010a & b toward or away from each other along mounting rail 2132, and reinserting locking pins 2130a & b. In the embodiment support columns 2010a & b are slidably mounted around a rail to facilitate adjustment.
As shown in FIG. 10, the height of first and second translation members 2050a & bin relation to treadway 2008 is adjustable to accommodate users of different heights and to adjust between standing use and prone use. In the embodiment adjustment is provided by connecting translation members 2050a & b to sleeves 2140a and 2140b, which sleeves 2140a & b are slidably connected to support columns 2010a & b, respectively. Sleeves 2140a & b are locked in place using locking pins 2142a & b, respectively. Anchors 2038a and 2038b project from sleeves 2140a & b, respectively, so that height adjustment will not affect the tension of resistance straps (not shown) connectable between anchors 2038a & b and translation members 2050a & b. Handles 2080a & b are indexable, articulated, lockable handles with adjustable rotating resistance at joints 2090a & b. 
Referring to FIG. 11, a second embodiment of an integral treadmill resistance training apparatus 3000 is shown in profile cut-away view showing only a left-side of the apparatus 3000, including a treadmill 3002 having forward end 3004, aft end 3006 and treadway 3008. Left support column 3010a extends upward from the treadmill 3002. Left support column sleeve 3140a provides vertical adjustment of left translation member 3050a. The opposing right-side of apparatus 3000 is a mirror image. As shown in FIG. 11 each side of apparatus 3000 includes one or more resistance straps 3040a removably connectable between anchors 3038a and the respective translation member 3050a in a rearward orientation, and one or more resistance straps 3041a removably connectable between anchors 3038a and the respective translation member 3050a in an opposing forward orientation. In this way, if translation member 3050a is rotated clockwise (i.e. the user lifts or pushes handle 3080a upward) then resistance strap 3040a provides resistance, and if translation member 3050a is rotated counter-clockwise (i.e. the user depresses or pushes handle 3080b downward) then resistance strap 3041a provides resistance. In the embodiment resistance straps 3040a and 3041a are thin flexible straps or chords so as to not provide resistance in compression. Resistance strap 3040a is removably connected at a first end to anchor 3038a and at a second end to translation member 3050a using locking pin 3124. Resistance strap 3041a is removably connected at a first end to anchor 3038a and at a second end to translation member 3050a using locking pin 3126. Handle 3080a includes locking, indexable, variable resistance articulation joint 3090a. Handle 3080a is locked in a selected indexed position in relation to translation member 3050a using locking pins 3042 inserted through translation member indexing holes 3060a. 
As shown in FIG. 11, resistance straps may be pre-tensioned. Pre-tensioning allows resistance straps to be connected more easily in a non-tensioned condition, and then pre-tensioned prior to use to provide continuous resistance throughout the range of motion. In the embodiment pretensioning is provided by making anchors 3038a (and 3038b, not shown) adjustable.
Referring to FIGS. 12 & 13, and embodiment 4000 is shown having adjustable grips 4150. Only the right-hand adjustable grip 4150 is shown for illustration as the left-hand adjustable grip is identical in the disclosed embodiment. Articulated handle 4080 includes a handle second part 4088 connected to handle joint 4090. Adjustable grip 4150 includes a first portion 4152 connected to handle second part 4088, and a hand grip portion 4154 extending from first portion 4152. In the embodiment, hand grip portion 4154 includes a first length 4156 extending from first portion 4152 at an obtuse angle and a second length 4158 continuing substantially parallel to first portion 4152, so that hand grip portion 4154 provides an offset grip ability. A user may also grip either the first length 4156 or the second length 4158 depending on the exercise in order to adjust wrist rotation angle. In the embodiment, first portion 4152 fits over handle second part 4088 like a sleeve so a user may slide it linearly to adjust the effective handle length, or rotate about the axis of handle second part 4088 to adjust the angle and orientation of grip. Selective linear and rotational adjustment is provided by locking mechanism 4160 which releasably engages adjustable grip first portion 4152 with handle second portion 4088. In the embodiment, locking mechanism 4160 includes a spring-loaded locking pin 4162 selectively engageable with grip fixed locking holes 4164, or with elongated translational locking hole 4166 to permit partial rotation of the adjustable grips about the handle axes.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous modifications and changes may be made to the preferred embodiment without departing from the scope of the claimed invention. It will, of course, be understood that modifications of the invention, in its various aspects, will be apparent to those skilled in the art, some being apparent only after study, others being matters of routine mechanical, chemical and electronic design. No single feature, function or property of the preferred embodiment is essential. Other embodiments are possible, their specific designs depending upon the particular application. As such, the scope of the invention should not be limited by the particular embodiments herein described but should be defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

## Claims

1. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus, comprising,
a treadmill having forward end, an aft end, and a treadway
left and right support columns, each of said support columns including a base portion connected to said treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from said base portion;
first and second translation members, each of said first and second translation members rotatingly connected to said left and right support column upper portions, respectively, at a translation axis, each of said translation members including one or more resistance strap connection points disposed radially distal from said translation axis;
first and second handles connected to said first and second translation members proximate a first end and extending to a hand grip proximate a second end, respectively;
first and second handle locking mechanisms engageable with said first and second translation members and said first and second handles, respectively; and,
one or more resistance traps removably connectable between each of said first and second translation members and said left and right support columns, respectively;
wherein each of said first and second handles includes an articulation joint disposed between the translation member and the hand grip and an articulation joint locking mechanism engageable at selected angles.

2. An apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said articulation joint includes an adjustable rotational resistance mechanism.

3. An apparatus as in claim 1, wherein each of said one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of said first and second translation members and said left and right support columns, respectively, comprises a plurality of resistance straps connected in opposing orientation, such that resistance is created when rotating said translation member in either the clockwise or counter-clockwise directions.

4. An apparatus as in claim 1, further comprising first and second resistance strap pre-tensioners.

5. An apparatus as in claim 1, further comprising:
wherein said left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to said treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between said left and right support columns.

6. An apparatus as in claim 1, further comprising:
wherein each of said left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to said support column, and wherein each of said translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve.

7. An apparatus as in claim 1, further comprising:
first and second adjustable grips, each of said adjustable grips including a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to said first and second handles, respectively, a hand grip portion extending from and offset from said first portion, and a locking mechanism releasably engageable with said first portion and said handle.

8. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus, comprising:
a treadmill having a forward end, an aft end, and a treadway;
left and right support columns, each of said support columns including a base portion connected to said treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from said base portion;
first and second translation members rotatingly attached to said left and right column upper portions, respectively;
first and second articulated handles, each of said handles having a first part and a second part and an articulation joint connecting said first and second parts, wherein each of said handle first parts is further connectable at a first end to said respective translation member at an adjustable angle to said translation member and at a second end to said articulation joint, and wherein each of said articulation joints includes a locking mechanism engageable with said articulation joint and said handle second part at selectable angles relative to said handle first part, and wherein each of said handle second parts further includes a hand grip; and,
a plurality of resistance straps connectable between said translation members and said support columns.

9. An apparatus as in claim 8, wherein each of said first and second handle articulation joints further includes an adjustable rotational resistance mechanism.

10. An apparatus as in claim 9, wherein each of said handle articulation joint adjustable resistance mechanisms comprises one or more friction disks.

11. An apparatus as in claim 8, wherein each of said one or more resistance straps removably connectable between each of said first and second translation members and said left and right support columns, respectively, comprises a plurality of resistance straps connected in opposing orientation, such that resistance is created when rotating said translation member in either the clockwise or counter-clockwise directions.

12. An apparatus as in claim 8, further comprising first and second resistance strap pre-tensioners.

13. An apparatus as in claim 8, further comprising:
wherein said left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to said treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between said left and right support columns.

14. An apparatus as in claim 8, further comprising:
wherein each of said left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to said support column, and wherein each of said translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve.

15. An apparatus as in claim 8, further comprising:
first and second adjustable grips, each of said adjustable grips including:
a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to said first and second handle second parts, respectively:
a hand grip portion extending from and offset from said adjustable grip first portion; and,
a locking mechanism releasably engageable with said adjustable grip first portion and said handle second portion, the locking mechanism including a plurality of fixed locking holes and at least one elongated translational locking hole, the elongated translational locking hole to permit partial rotation of the adjustable grips about handle axes.

16. An integral treadmill resistance training apparatus, comprising:
a treadmill having a forward end, an aft end, and a treadway;
left and right support columns, each of said support columns including a base portion connected to said treadmill and an upper portion extending upward from said base portion;
first and second resistance strap bottom anchors projecting outwardly from said left and right support columns, respectively;
first and second translation members rotatingly connected to said right and left support column upper portions, respectively, each of said translation members comprising: a central mounting hole, a plurality of handle indexing holes distributed radially around said central mounting hole at selected angular offsets, and one or more resistance strap connection points radially distal from said central mounting hole;
first and second handles adjustably connected to said first and second translation members, respectively, each of said handles comprising:
a first handle portion extending from a first end connecting to a respective translation member to a second end connecting to an articulation joint, a first handle mounting hole disposed proximal to said handle first end, a second handle mounting hole disposed distally from said first handle mounting hole toward said second end, wherein the distance between said first and second handle mounting holes matches the radial distance between said center mounting hole and said plurality of handle index holes of said translation member; and,
a second handle portion extending from a first end connecting to an articulation joint to a grip end; and,
an articulation joint rotatingly coupling the handle first and second handle portions, the articulation joint selectively including a locking portion to lock second portion at user selected angles in relation to the first handle portion;

a first axle rotatingly connecting said first handle and said first translation member to said left support column, and a second axle rotatingly connecting said second handle and said second translation member to said right support column;
first and second handle index pins removably engageable with said first and second handles and said first and second translation members, respectively, through said handle second mounting hole and a selected handle index hole; and,
a plurality of resistance straps, each of said resistance straps connectable at a first end to the first or second strap anchor and at a second end to to the respective translation member connection point.

17. An apparatus as in claim 16, wherein each of said first and second axles comprises:
an axle post extending outwardly from said support column, said axle post having an axial center through-hole, a rotational bearing mounted to said axle post, a center bolt, and a center bolt retaining nut;
wherein each of said translation members is rotatingly attached to said respective axle post over said bearing, thereby engaging said bearing, and said center bolt extends through said center through hole and said handle first mounting hole and engages said center bolt retaining nut.

18. An apparatus as in claim 16, further comprising:
wherein said left and right support column base portions are adjustably connected to said treadmill so as to vary the lateral separation between said left and right support columns.

19. An apparatus as in claim 16, further comprising:
wherein each of said left and right support column upper portions includes a sleeve adjustably mounted to said support column, and wherein each of said translation members connects to a respective right or left support column sleeve and further wherein each of said first and second bottom anchors projects from said left and right support column sleeves, respectively.

20. An apparatus as in claim 1, wherein:
each of said first and second hand grips are adjustable, and the first and second hand grips include:
a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to said first and second handle second ends, respectively;
a grip portion extending from and offset from said adjustable grip first portion; and,
a locking mechanism releasably engageable with said adjustable hand grip first portion and said handle second portion, the locking mechanism including a plurality of fixed locking holes and at least one elongated translational locking hole, the elongated translational locking hole to permit partial rotation of the first and second hand grips about their respective handle axes.

21. An apparatus as in claim 7, each of the first and second adjustable grips further comprising:
a plurality of fixed locking holes and at least one elongated translational locking hole, the elongated translational locking hole to permit partial rotation of the adjustable grips about handle axes.

22. An apparatus as in claim 16, further comprising:
each of said first and second handle grip ends comprising adjustable grips including:
a first portion rotatably and slidingly connected to said first and second handle second portions, respectively;
a hand grip portion extending from and offset from said adjustable grip first portion; and,
a locking mechanism releasably engageable with said adjustable grip first portion and said handle second portion, the locking mechanism including a plurality of fixed locking holes and at least one elongated translational locking hole, the elongated translational locking hole to permit partial rotation of the adjustable grips about handle axes.