DEI'ARTM KNT OF THK INTERIOR

U L lj K TI N

OF THK

UN IT ED STATES

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

. 11 a

EARTHQUAKES IX OAIJFOKNIA IN

WASH INGTON

GOVEKNIVrKNT PRINTING
LIBRARY CATALOGUE SLIPS.

United States. Department of the interim: (U. 8. geological xnrt;ey.) 

Department of the interior | | Bulletin | of the | United 

States | geological survey | no. 112 | [Seal of the department] | 

Washington | government printing office | 1893

Second title: United States geological survey | J. W. PoAvell, 

director | | Earthquakes in California | in | 1892 | by | Charles 

D. Perrine | of the Lick observatory | [Vignette] |

Washington | government printing office | 1893

8°. 57pp.

Perrine (Charles D.).

United States geological survey | J. W. Powell, director | | 

Earthquakes in California | in | 1892 | by | Charles D. Perrine | 

of the Lick observatory | [Vignette] |

Washington | government printing office | 1893

8°. 57pp.

[UNITED STATES. Department of the interior. (IT. $. geological survey). 

Bulletin 112].

United States geological survey | J. W. Powell, director | | 

Earthquakes in California | in | 1892 | by | Charles D. Perrine | 

of the Lick observatory | [Vignette] |

Washington | government printing office | 1893

8°. 57pp.

[UNITED STATES. Department of the interior. (IT. S. geological survey). 

Bulletin 112].
A. 3D "V E E, T I S K M E TsT T.

[Bulletin No. 112.]

The publications of the United States Geological Survey Jiro issued in accordance with the statute 

approved March 8,1879, which declares that 

"The publications of the Geological Survey shall consist of the aimual report of operations, geological 

and economic maps illustrating the resources and classification of the lauds, and reports upon general 

and economic geology and paleontology. The annual report of operations of the Geological Survey 

shall accompany the annual report of the Secretary of the Interior. All special memoirs and reports 

of said Survey shall be issued in uniform quarto series if deemed necessary by the Director, butotherwisein ordinary octavos. Three thousand copies of each shall be published for scientific exchanges 

and for sale at the price of publication; and all literary and cartographic materials received in exchange 

shall he the property of the United States and form a part of the library of the organization; and the 

money resulting from the sale of such publications shall be covered into the Treasury of the United 

States."

On July 7,1882, the following joint resolution, referring to all Government publications, was passed 

by Congress:

"That whenever any document or report shall be ordered printed by Congress, there shall lie printed, 

in addition to the number in each case stated, the 'usual number' (1,734) of copies for binding and 

distribution among those entitled to receive them."

Except in those cases in which an extra number of any publication has been supplied to the Survey 

by special resolution of Congress or has been ordered by the SecretaTy of the Interior, this office has 

no copies for gratuitous distribution.

ANNUAL REPORTS.

I. First Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, by Clarence King. 1880. 8°. 79pp. 

linap. A preliminary report describing plan of organization and publications.

II. Second Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1880-'81, by J. W. Powell. 1882. 

8°. Iv, 588 pp. 62 pi. 1 map.

III. Third Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1881-'82, by J. W. Powell. 1883. 

8°. xviii,564pp. 67 pi. and maps.

IV. Fourth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1882-'83, by J. W. Powell. 1884. 

8°. xxxii, 473 pp. 85 pi. and maps.

V. Fifth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1883-'84, by J. "W. Powell. 1885. 

8°. xxxvi, 469pp. 58 pi. and maps.

VI. Sixth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1884-'85, by J. "W. Powell. 1885. 

8°. xxix, 570 pp. 65 pi. and maps.

VII. Seventh Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1885-'86, by J. "W. Powell. 1888. 

8°. xx, 656 pp. 71 pi. and maps.

VIII. Eighth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1886-'87, by J. "W. Powell. 1.889. 

8°. 2pt. xix, 474; xii pp. 53 pi. and maps; 1 p. 1., 475-1063 pp. 54-76 pi. and maps.

I.. Ninth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1887-'88,' by J. W. Powell. 1889. 

8°. xiii, 717 pp.- 88 pi. and maps.

.. Tenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1888-'89, by J. W. Powell. 1890. 

8°. 2pt. xv, 774pp. 98 pi. and maps; viii, 123 pp.

.I. Eleventh Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1889-'90, by J. W. Powell. 1891. 

8°. 2pt. xv, 757pp. 66 pi. and maps; ix, 351 pp. 30 pi.

.II. Twelfth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1890-'91, by J. W. Powell. 1891. 

8°. 2pt. xiii, 675 pp. 53 pi. and maps; xviii, 576 pp. 146 pi. and maps.

.III. Thirteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1891-/92, by J. "W. Powell, 

1893. 8°. 3 pt. vii, 240 pp. 2 pi.

.IV. Fourteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-'93, by.T. W. Powell. 

1893. 8°. 2pt.

I
II ADVERTISEMENT.

MONOGRAPHS.

I. Lake Bonneville, by Grove Karl Gilbert. 1890. 4°. xx, 438pp. 51 pi. linap. Price $1.50.

II. Tertiary History of the Grand Canon District, with atlas, by Clarence E. Button, Capt. 17. S. A1882. 4°. xiv, 264 pp. 42 pi. and atlas of 24 sheets folio. Price $10.00.

III. Geology of the Comstock Lode and the Washoe District, with atlas, by George F. Becker. 1882. 

4°. xv, 422 pp. 7 pi. and atlas of 21 sheets folio. Price $11.00.

IV. Comstock Mining and Miners, by Eliot Lord. 1883. 4°. xiv, 451 pp. 3 pi. Price $1.50.

V. The Copper-Bearing Kocks of Lake Superior, by Roland Duer Irving. 1883. 4°. xvi, 464 pp. 

15 1. 29 pi. and maps. Price $1.85.

VI. Contributions to the Knowledge of the Older Mesozoic Flora of Virginia, by William Morris 

Fontaine. 1883. 4°. xi, 144pp. 541. 54 pi. Price $1.05.

VII. Silver-Lead Deposits of Eureka, Nevada, by Joseph Story Curtis. 1884. 4°. xiii,200pp. 16 

pi. Price $1.20.

VHI. Paleontology of the Eureka District, by Charles Doolittle Walcott. 1884. 4°. xiii, 298 pp. 

241. 24 pi. Price $1.10.

IX. Brachiopoda and Lamellibranchiata of the Raritan Clays and Greensand Marls of New Jersey, 

by Kobert P. Whitfield. 1885. 4°. xx,338pp. 35 pi. 1 map. Price $1.15.

X. Dinocerata. A Monograph of an Extinct Order of Gigantic Mammals, by Othuiel Charles Marsh. 

1886. 4°. xviii,243pp. 561. 56 pi. Price $2.70.

XI. Geological History of Lake Lahoiitan, a Quaternary Lake of Northwestern Nevada, by Israel 

Cook Russell. 1885. 4°. xiv, 288 pp. 46 pi. and maps. Price $1.75.

XII. Geology and Mining Industry of Leadville, Colorado, with atlas, by Samuel Franklin Eiumons. 

1886. 4°. xxix, 770 pp. 45 pi. and atlas of 35 sheets folio. Price $8.40.

XIII. Geology of the Quicksilver Deposits of the Pacific Slope, with atlas, by George F. Becker. 

1888. 4°. xix, 486 pp. 7 pi. and atlas of 14 sheets folio. Price $2.00.

XIV. Fossil Fishes and Fossil Plants of the Triassic Kocks of New Jersey and the Connecticut Valley, by John S. Newberry. 1888. 4°. xiv, 152pp. 26 pi. Price $1.00.

XV. The Potomac or Younger Mesozoic Flora, by William Morris Fontaine. 1889. 4°. xiv, 377 

pp. 180 pi. Text and plates bound separately. Price $2.50.

XVI. The Paleozoic Fishes of North America, by John Strong Newberry. 1889. 4°. 340 pp. 53 pi. 

Price $1.00.

XVII. The Flora of the Dakota Group, a posthumous work, by Leo Lesquereux. Edited by F. H. 

Knowlton. 1891. 4°. 400pp. 66 pi. Price $1.10.

XVIII. Gasteropoda and Cephalopoda of the llaritan Clays and Greensand Marls of New Jersey, 

by Robert P. Whitfield. 1891. .4°. 402pp. 50 pi. Price $1.00.

XIX. The Penokee Iron-Bearing Series of Northern Wisconsin and Michigan, by Roland D. Irving 

and C. R. Van Hise. 1892. 4°. xix, 534 pp. 37 pi.

XX. Geology of the Eureka District, Nevada, with atlas, by Arnold Hague. 1892. 4°. 419 pp. 8 pi.

In press: ^

XXI. The Tertiary Rhynchophorous Cdleoptera of North America, by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. 

XXH. A Manual of Topographic Methods, by Henry Gannett, chief topographer. 

XXUI. Geology'of the Green Mountains in Massachusetts, by Raphael Pumpelly, J. E. Wolff, 

T. Nelson Dale, and Bayard T. Putnam.

In preparation:

 Mollusca and Crustacea of the Miocene Formations of New Jersey, by R. P. Whitfleld.

 Sauropoda, by 0. C. Marsh.

 Stegosauria, by 0. C. Marsh.

 Brontotheridas, by 0. C. Marsh.

 Report on the Denver Coal Basin, by S. F. Emmons.

 Report on Silver Cliff and Ten-Mile Mining Districts, Colorado, by S. F. Enunons.

 The Glacial Lake Agassiz, by Warren Upham.

BULLETINS.

1. On Hypersthene-Andesite and on Triclinic Pyroxene in Augitic Rocks, by Whitman Cross, with a 

Geological Sketch of Buffalo Peaks, Colorado, by S. F. Emmons. 1883. 8°. 42pp. 2 pi. Price 10 cents.

2. Gold and Silver Conversion Tables, giving the coining value of troy ounces of fine metal, etc., computed by Albert Williams, jr. 1883. 8°. 8pp. Price 5 cents.

3. On the Fossil Faunas of the Upper Devonian, along the meridian of 76° 30', from Tonipkins County, 

New York, to Bradford County, Pennsylvania, by Henry S.Williams. 1884. 8°. 36pp. Price 5 cents.

4. On Mesoeoic Fossils, by Charles A. White. 1884. 8°. 36 pp. 9 pi. Price 5 cents.

5. A Dictionary of Altitudes in the United States, compiled by Henry Gannett. ]884. . 8°. 325 pp. 

Price 20 cents.

6. Elevations in the Dominion of Canada, by J. W. Spencer- 1884. 8°. 43 pp. Price 5 cents.
ADVERTISEMENT. Ill

7. Mapoteca Goologica Americana. A Catalogue of Geological Maps of America (North and South). 

1752-1881, in geographic and chronologic order, by Jules Marcou and John Belknap Marcou. 1884. 

8°. 184 pp. Price 10 cents.

8. On Secondary Enlargements of Mineral Fragments in Certain Hocks, by R.D. Irving and O.K. 

Van Hise. 1884. 8°. 50 pp. 6 pi. Price 10 cents.

9. A report of work done hi the Washington Laboratory during the fiscal year 1883-'84. F. W. Clarice, 

chief chemist. T. M. Chatard, assistant chemist. 1884. 8°. 40pp. Price 5 cents.

10. On the Cambrian Faunas of North America. Preliminary studies, by Charles Doolit.tle Walcott. 

1884. 8°. 74 pp. 10 pi. Price 5 cents.

11. On the Quaternary and lleuont Mollusca of the Great Basin; -with Descriptions of New Forms, 

by R. Ellsworth Call. Introduced by a sketch of the Quaternary-Lakes of the Great Basin, by G. K. 

Gilbert. 1834. 8°. 66 pp. 6 pi. Price 5 cents.

.12. A Crystallographic Study of the Thinolite of Lake Lahontan, by Edward S. Dana. 1884. 8°. 

34 pp. 3 pi. Price 5 cents.

13. Boundaries of the United States and of the several States and Territories, with a Historical 

Sketch of the Territorial Changes, by Henry Gannett. 1885. 8°. 135 pp. Price 10 cents.

14. The Electrical and Magnetic Properties of the Iron-Carburets, by Cari Barus and Vincent 

Strouhal. 1885. 8°. 238 pp. Price 15 cents.

15. On the Mcsozoic and Cenozoie Paleontology of California, by Charles A. White. 1885. 8°. 33pp. 

Price 5 cents.

1C. On the Higher Devonian Faunas of Ontario County, New York, by John M. Clarke. 1885. 8°. 

86 pp. 3 pi. Price 5 cents. *

17. On the Development of Crystallization in the Igneous Rocks of Washoo, Nevada, with notes on 

the Geology of the District, by Arnold Hague and Joseph P. Iddings. 1885. 8°. 44 pp. Price 5 

cents.

18. On Marine Eocene, Fresh-water Miocene, and other Fossil Mollusca of Western North America, 

by Charles A. White. 1885. 8°. 26pp. 3 pi. Price 5 cents.

19. Notes on the Stratigraphy of California, by George F.Becker. 1885. 8°. 28pp. Price 5 cents.

20. Contributions to the Mineralogy of the Rocky Mountains, by Whitman Cross and W. F. Hillebrand. 1885. 8°. 114 pp. 1 pi. Price 10 cents.

21. The Lignites of the Great Sioux Reservation. A Report on the Region between the Grand and 

Moreau Rivers, Dakota, by Bailey Willis. 1885. 8°. 16 pp. 5 pi. Price 5 cents.

22. On New Cretaceous Fossils from California, by Charles A. White. 1885. 8°. 25 pp. 5 pi. 

Price 5 cents.

23. Observations on the Junction between the Eastern Sandstone and the Koweenaw Series on Keweenaw Point, Lake Superior, by R. D. Irving and T. C. Chamberlin. 1885. 8°. 124 pp. 17 pi. 

Price 15 cents.

24. List of Marino Mollusca, comprising the Quaternary Fossils and recent forms from American 

Localities between Cape Hatteras and Capo Roque, including the Bermudas, by William Healy Dall. 

1885. 8°. 336pp. Price 25 cents.

25. The Present Technical Condition of the Steel industry of the United States, by Phineas Barnes. 

1885. 8°. 85pp. Price 10 cents.

26. Copper Smelting, by Henry M. Howe. 1885. 8°. 107 pp. Price 10 cents.

27. Report of work done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the fiscal year 

1884-'85. 1886. 8°. 80 pp. Price 10 cents.

28. The Gabbros and Associated Hornblende Rocks occurring in the neighborhood of Baltimore, 

Maryland, by George Huutiugton Williams. 1886. 8°. 78 pp. 4 pi. Price 10 cents.

29. On the Fresh-water Invertebrates of the North American Jurassic, by Charles A. White. 1880. 

8°. 41 pp. 4 pi. Price 5 cents.

30. Second Contribution to the Studies on the Cambrian Faunas of North America, by Charles Doolittle Wal'cott. 1886. 8°. .369pp. 33 pi. Price 25 cents.

31. Systematic Review of our Present Knowledge of Fossil Insects, including Myriapods and Arachnids, by Samuel Hufcbard Scudder. 1886. 8°. 128 pp. Price 15 cents.

32. Lists and Analyses of the Mineral Springs of the United States; a Preliminary Study, by Albert 

C. Peale. 1886. 8°. 235 pp. Price 20 cents.

33. Notes on the Geology of Northern California, by J. S. Diller. 1886. 8°. 23 pp. Price 5 cents.

34. On the relation of the Laramie Molluscau Fauna to that of the succeeding Fresh-water Eocene 

and other groups, by Charles A. White. 1886. 8°. 54 pp. 5 pi. Price 10 cents.

35. Physical Properties of the Iron-Carburets, by Carl Barus and Vincent Strouhal. 1880. 8°. 62 

pp. Price 10 cents.

36. Subsidence of Fine Solid Particles in Liquids, by Carl Barus. 1886. 8°. 58 pp. Price 10 cents.

37. Types of the Laramio Flora, by Lester F. Ward. 1887. 8°. 354 pp. 57 pi. Price 25 cents.

38. Peridotite of Elliott County, Kentucky, "by J. S. Diller. 1887. 8°. 31 pp. 1 pi. Price 5 cents.

39. The Upper Beaches and Deltas of the Glacial Lake Agassiz, by Warren Upham. 1887. 8°. 84 

pp. 1 pi. Price 10 cents.

40. Changes iu River Courses in Washington Territory due to Glaciation, by Bailey Willis. 1887. 

8°. 10pp. 4 pi. Price 5 cents."
IV ADVERTISEMENT.

41. On the Fossil Faunas of the Upper Devonian the Genesee Section, New York, l>y Henry S. 

Williams. 1887. 8°. 121pp. 4 pi. Price 15 cents.

42. Report of work done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the fiscal year 

1885-'86. F.W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1887. 8°. 152pp. 1 pi. Price 15 cents.

43. Tertiary and Cretaceous Strata of the Tuscaloosa, Tombigbee, and Alabama Kivers, by Eugene 

A. Smith and Lawrence C. Johnson. 1887. 8°. 189pp. 21 pi. Price 15 cents.

44. Bibliography of North American Geology for 1886, by Nelson H. Darton. 1887. 8°. 35 pp. 

Price 5 cents.

45. The Present Condition of Knowledge of the Geology of Texas, by Robert T. Hill. 1887'. 8°. 94 

pp. Price 10 cents.

46. Nature and Origin of Deposits of Phosphate of Lime, by R. A. F. Peurose, jr., with au introduction by N. S. Shaler. 1888. 8°. 143pp. Price 15 cents.

47. Analyses of "Waters of the Yellowstone National Park, with an Account of the Methods of 

Analysis employed, by Frank Austin Gooch and James Edward AVhitfiold. 1888. 8°. 84pp. Price 

10 cents.

48. On the Form and Position of the Sea Level, by Robert Simpsou Woodward. 1888. 8°. 88 pp. 

Price 10 cents.

, 49. Latitudes and Longitudes of Certain Points in Missouri, Kansas, and New Mexico, by Robert 

Simpson Woodward. 1889. 8°. 133 pp. Price 15 cents.

50. Formulas and Tables to facilitate the Construction and Use of Maps, by Robert Simpsoii Woodward. 1889. 8°. 124 pp. Price 15 cents.

51. On Invertebrate Fossils from the Pacific Coast, by Charles Abiathar White. 1889. 8°. 102 

pp. 14 pi. Price 15 cents.

52. Subaerial Decay of Rocks and Origin of the Red Color of Certain Formations, by Israel Cook 

Russell. 1889. 8°. 65 pp. 5 pi. Price 10 cents.

53. The Geology of Nantucket, by Nathaniel South gate Shaler. 1889. 8°. 55pp. .10 pi. Price 10 

cents.

54. On the Therrao-Electric Measurement of High Temperatures, by Carl Barus. 1889. 8°. 313pp. 

incl. 1 pi. 11 pi. Price 25 cents.

55. Report of work, done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the fiscal year 

1886-'87. Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, chief chemist. 1889. 8°. 96pp. Price 10 cents.

56. Fossil Wood and Lignite of the Potomac Formation, by Frank Hall Knowlton. 1889. 8°. 72 

pp. 7 pi. Price 10 cents.

57. A Geological Reconnaissance in Southwestern Kansas, by Robert Hay. 1890. 8°. 49pp. 2 pi. 

Price 5 cents.

58. The Glacial Boundary in Western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois, by George 

Frederick Wright, with an introduction by Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin. 1890. 8°. 112 pp. incl. 

1 pi. 8 pi. Price 15 cents.

59. The Gabbros and Associated Rocks in Delaware, by Frederick D. Chester. 1890. 8°. 45 pp. 

1 pi. Price 10 cents.

60. Report of work done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the fiscal year 

1887-'88. F. "W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1890. 8°. 174 pp. Price 15 cents.

61. Contributions to the Mineralogy of the Pacific Coast, by William Harlowe Melville and Waldemar 

Lindgren. 1890. 8°. 40 pp. 3 pi. Price 5 cents.

62. The Greenstone Schist Areas of the Menominee and Marquette Regions of Michigan; a contribution to the subject of dynamic metamorphism in eruptive rocks, by George Huntington Williams; 

with an introduction by Roland Duer Irviug. 1890. 8°. 241 pp. 16 pi. Price 30 cents.

63. A Bibliography of Paleozoic Crustacea from 1698 to 1889, including a list of North American, 

species and a systematic arrangement of genera, by Anthony W. Vogdes. 1890. 8°. 177 pp. Price 

15 cents.

64. A report of work done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the fiscal year 

1888-'89. F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1890. 8°. CO pp. Price 10 cents.

65. Stratigraphy of the Bituminous Coal Field of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia, by Israel 

C. White. 1891. 8°. 212 pp. j 11 pi. Price 20 cents.

66. On a Group of Volcanic Rocks from the Tewan Mountains, New Mexico, and on the occurrence 

of Primary Quartz in certain Basalts, by Joseph Paxson Iddings. 1890. 8°. 34 pp. Price 5 cents.

67. The Relations of the Traps of the Newark System in the New Jersey Region, by Nelson Horatio 

Darton. 1890. 8°. 82 pp. Price 10 cents!

68. Earthquakes in California in 1889, by James Edward Keeler. 1890. 8°. 25pp. Price 5 cents.

69. A Classed and Annotated Bibliography of Fossil Insects, by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. 1890. 

8°. 101 pp. Price 15 cents.

70. Report on Astronomical Work of 1889 and 1890, by Robert Simpson Woodward. 1890. 8°. 79pp. 

Price 10 cents.

71. Index to the Known Fossil Insects of the World, including Myriapods and Arachnids, by Samuel 

Hubbard Scudder. 1891. 8°. 744 pp. Price 50 cents. '

72. Altitudes between Lake Superior and the Rocky Mountains, by Warren TTpham. 1891. 8°. 

22/9 pp. Price 20 cents.
ADVERTISEMENT. V

73. The Viscosity of Solids, by Carl Barus. 1891. 8°. xii, 139 pp. G pi. Price 15 cents.

74. The Minerals of North Carolina, by .Frederick Augustus Genth. 1891. 8°. 119 pp. Price 15 

cents.

75. Kecord of North (American Geology for 1887 to 1889, inclusive, by Nelson Horatio Dartou. 1891. 

8°. 173 pp. Price 15 cents.

76. A Dictionary°of Altitudes in the United States (second edition), compiled by Henry Gannett, 

chief topographer. 1891. 8°. 393pp. Price 25 cents.

77. The Texau Permian and its Mesozoic Types of Fossils, by Charles A. White. 1891. 8°. 51 pp. 

4 pi. Price 10 cents.

78. A report of work done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the liscal year 

1889-'90. F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1891. 8°. 131pp. Price 15 cents.

79. A Late Volcanic Eruption in Northern California and its Peculiar Lava, by J. S. Diller. 1891. 8°. 

33 pp. 17 pi. Price 10 cents.

80. Correlation papers Devonian and Carboniferous, by Henry Shaler Williams. 1891. 8°. 279 pp. 

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81. Correlation papers Cambrian, by Charles Doolittle Walcott. 1891. 8°. 447 pp. 3 pi. Price 

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82. Correlation papers Cretaceous, by Charles A. White. 189.1. 8°. 273pp. 3 pi. Price 20 cents. 

S3. Correlation papers Eocene, by William Bullock Clark. 1891. 8°. 173pp. 2 pi. Price 15 cents.

84. Correlation papers Neocene, by W. H. Dall and G. D. Harris. 1892. 8°. 349 pp. 3 pi. Price 

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85. Correlation papers The Newark System, by Israel Cook Russell. 1892. 8°. 344 pp. 13 pi. 

Price 25 cents.

86. Correlation papers Archean and Algonkian, by C. 11. Van Hise. 1892. 8°. 549 pp. 12 pi. 

Price 25 cents.

90. A report of work done in the Division of Chemistry and Physics, mainly during the fiscal year 

1890-'91. F. W. Clarice, chief chemist. 1892. 8°. 77 pp. Price 10 cents.

91. Kecord of North American Geology for 1890, by Nelson Horatio Darton. 1891. 8°. 88 pp. Price 

10 cents. :

92. The Compressibility of Liquids, by Carl Barus. 1892. 8°. 96pp. 29 pi. Price 10 cents.

93. Some insects of special interest from Florissant, Colorado, and other points in the Tertiaries of 

Colorado and Utah, by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. 1892. 8°. 35 pp. 3 pi. Price 5 cents.

94. The Mechanism of Solid Viscosity, by Carl Barus. 1892. 8°. 138pp. Price 15 cents.

95. Earthquakes in California in 1890 and 1891, by Edward Singleton Holden. 1892. 8°. 31 pp. 

Price 5 cents.

96. The Volume Thermodynamics of Liquids, by Carl Burns. 1892. 8°. 100 pp. Price 10 cents.

97. The Mesozoic Echinodemiata of the United States, by 'William Bullock Clark. 1893. 8°. 207 

pp. 50 pi. Price 20 cents.

98. Flora of the Outlying Carboniferous Basins of Southwestern Missouri, by David White. 1893. 

8°. 139pp. 5 pi. Price 15 cents. ?

99. Record of North American Geology for 1891, by Nelson Horatio Darton. 1892. 8°. 73pp. Price 

15 cents.

100. Bibliography and Index of the Publications of the U. S. Geological Survey, 1879-1892, by Philip 

Creveling Warmaii. 1893. 8°. 495 pp. Price 25 cents.

101. Insect Fauna of the Rhode Island Coal Field, by Samuel Hubbard Scudder. 1893. 8°. 27 pp. 

2 pi. Price 5 cents.

.102. A Catalogue and Bibliography of North American Mesozoic Invertebrata, by C. B. Boyle. 1893. 

8°. 315 pp. Price 25 cents.

103. High Temperature Work in Igneous Fusion arid Ebullition, chiefly in relation to pressure, by 

Carl Barus. 1893. 8°. 57 pp. 9 pi. Price 10 cents.

104. Glaciation of the Yollowstone Valley north of the Park, by Walter Harvey Wood. 1893. 8°. 

41 pp. 4 pi: Price 5 cents.

105. The Laramie and the ovorlying Livingston Formation in Montana, by Walter Harvey Weed, 

with Report on Flora, by Frank Hall Kuowlton. 1893. 8°. 68 pp. 0. pi. Price 10 cents.

106. The Colorado Formation and its Invertebrate Fauna, by T. W. Stantou. 1893. 8°. 288 pp. 

45 pl.» Price 20 cents.

107. The Trap Dikes of the Lake Champlain Region, by James Funnou Kemp and Vernon Freoinau Maraters. 1893. 8°. 62 pp. 4 pi. Price 10 cents.

108. A Geological Reconnoissance in Central Washington, by Israel Cook Russell. 1893. 8°. 108 pp. 

12 pi. Price 15 cents.

109. The Eruptive and Sedimentary Rocks on Pigeon Point, Minnesota, and their contact phenomena, by W. S. Bayley. 1893. 8°. 121 pp. 16 pi. Price 15 cents.

110. The Paleozoic Section in the vicinity of Three Forks, Montana, by .Albert Charles Peale. 1893. 

8°. 56 pp. 6 pi. Price 10 cents.

111. Geology of the Big Stone Gap Coal Field of Virginia and Kentucky, by Marius R. Campbell. 

1893. 8°. 106 pp. 6 pi. Price 15 cents.

112. Earthquakes in California in 1892, by Charles D. Perriue. . 1893. 8°. 57pp. Price 10 cents.
VI ADVERTISEMENT.

'in press:

113. A report of work done in the Division of Chemistry during the fiscal years 1891-'92 and 1892-'93. 

F.W. Clarke, chief chemist.

In preparation: ,

 Studies in the Structure of the Green Mountains, by T. Nelson Dale.

 The Moraines of the Missouri Coteau, and their attendant deposits, by James'Edward Todd.

 A Bibliography of Paleobotany, by David White.

STATISTICAL PAPERS.

MineralResourcesof the United States, 1882, by Albert Williams, jr. 1883. 8°. xvii, 813pp. Price 

50 cents.

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1883 and 1884, by Albert Williams, jr. 1885. 8°. xiv, 1016 

pp. Price 60 cents. (

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1885. Division of Mining Statistics and Technology. 1886. 

8°. vii, 576 pp. Price 40 cents.

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1886, by David T. Day. 1887. 8°. viii, 813pp. Price 50 cents.

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1887, by David T. Day. 1888. 8°. vii,832pp. PriceSOcents.

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1888, by David T. Day. 1890. 8°. vii, 652pp. Price 50 cents.

Mineral Resources of the United' States, 1889 and 1890, by David T. Day. 1892. 8°. viii, 671 pp. 

Price 50 cents.

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1891, by David T. Day. 1893. 8°. vii, 630 pp. Price 50 cents.

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1892, by David T. Day. 1893. 8°. vii, 850 pp. Price 50 cents.

In preparation: 

Mineral Resources of the United States, 1893.

The money received from the sale of these publications is deposited in the Treasury, and the Secretary of the Treasury declines to receive bank checks, drafts, or postage stamps; all remittances, therefore, must be by POSTAL NOTE or MONEY ORDER, made payable to the Chief Clerk of the U. S. Geological Survey, or in CURRENCY, for the exact amount. Correspondence relating to the publications of 

the Survey should be addressed

To THE DIRECTOR op THE

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

WASHINGTON, D. C., December, 1893.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BULLETIN

UNITED STATES

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

No. ±12

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1893

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

J. W. POWELL, DIRECTOR

EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA

1893

BY

CHARLES D.

OF THE LICK OBSEUVATORY

WASHINGTON

G-OVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1893

CONTENTS.

Page.

Introduction.............................................................. 7

Instruments .......................................................... 7

Scale of measurements ................................................ 8

Differences of intensity ............................................... 8

Stations ...........................................i .................. 10

Chronological record...................................................... 11

ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIG. 1. Tracing of the seismograph in San Francisco ....................... 16

2. Tracing of the seismograph at Chabot Observatory................. 17

3. Map of the earthquake area ....................................... 21

4. The earthquake center............................................. 22

5. District affected by the temblor.................................... 24

EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892.

BY CHARLES D. PERRINE.

INTRODUCTION.

The following, undertaken at the suggestion of Prof, Holclen, is a continuation of similar records by himself1 and Prof. Keeler. and brings the 

list up to the end of the year 1892. It contains all the shocks observed 

or felt on Mount Hamilton, and all those reported to the Lick Observatory by letter, as well ag newspaper reports of earthquakes occurring 

in the state that year. Many newspapers have been examined, and 

 this bulletin is chiefly made up from their reports, but some may have 

escaped notice. 2

INSTRUMENTS.

The instruments used for recording earthquakes on Mount Hamilton 

are described in publications of the Lick Observatory, vol. I, p. 82. 

The largest and most complete instrument records the three components 

of the earth's motion, viz: north and south, east and west, and vertical, 

separately, on a smoked glass plate, which is started by the preliminary tremors of the earthquake and rotates uniformly in about three 

minutes, the edge of the plate being graduated into seconds at the same 

time by the clock, which also serves to record the time o.f occurrence 

of the shock. This instrument has been called the Ewing seismograph 

in the notes.

Another simpler form consists of the heavy "duplex" pendulum 

adjusted to a long period of vibration, with a magnifying pointer or 

pen, which records on a smoked glass plate the two horizontal components of motion. The vertical component and the time are not recorded. The motion of the earth is magnified 4-0 times in the duplex 

seismometers.

The observatory possesses other seismographs of various patterns, 

but they are not constantly in use.

1 List of recorded earthquakes in California, Lower California, Oregon, and Washington Territory 

(17G9 to 1888); Sacramento; State Printing Office. Earthquakes in California in 1888; American 

Journal of Science, Vol.37, May, 1889. Earthquakes in California in 1889; Bulletin of the TJ. S. Geological Survey, No. 68,1890. Earthquakes in California in 1890 and 1891; Bulletin of the TJ. S. Geological Survey, No. 95, 1892.

2 It has been the object especially to record earthquakes occurring in California, but included in the 

list will bo found records of a number of disturbances observed outside the state.

7
8 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112. 

SCALE OF MEASUREMENTS.

In the record made by the Ewing seismograph both horizontal components are magnified 3-3 times, and the vertical component is magnified 1-6 times. .The measures of the vibrations, as given in the notes, 

are taken* directly, from the tracings, and therefore represent the magnified motions.

If both the period, 1\ and the amplitude, a, of an earthquake wave 

are given, the maximum acceleration due to the impulse, which may 

be taken as a measure of the intensity or destructive effect of the 

shock, is given by the formula 

4 n*a

i rp2

in which the motion is assumed to be harmonic.

DIFFERENCES OF INTENSITY.

Estimates of the intensity of shocks are also given (in Eoman numerals inclosed in parentheses) according to the Rossi-Forel scale, 

which for convenience of reference is inserted below. Experience has 

suggested that for observations in California a few additions should 

be made to this scale, and these are printed here in italics. When 

these are in quotation marks also, they are expressions actually used 

in the newspapers, etc., in describing earthquake shocks, whose intensity is otherwise known. The scale, as amended, is as accurate as anything of the kind can be.

I.

Microseisniic shocks recorded by a single seismograph, or by seismographs of the same model, but not putting seismographs of different

patterns in motion; reported by experienced observers only.

II.

Shock recorded by several seismographs of different patterns; reported by a small number of persons who are at rest. "A very lif/ht 

shock."

III.

Shock reported by a number of persons who are at rest; duration 

or direction noted. "A shock;" "a light shoclc."

IV.

Shock reported by persons in motion; shaking of movable objects, 

doors, and windows; cracking of ceilings. "Moderate;" "strong;" 

"sharp;" (sometimes) "light."
SCALE OF INTENSITY. 9

V.

. Shock felt generally by everyone; furniture shaken; some bells rung; 

some clocks stopped; some sleepers waked; "smart;" "strong;" 

"heavy;" "severe;" "sharp;" "quite violent."

VI.

General awakening of sleepers; general ringing of bells; swinging 

of chandeliers; stopping of clocks; visible swaying of trees; some 

persons run out of buildings; window glass broken. "Severe;" "very 

severe;" "violent."

VII.

Overturning of loose objects; fall of plaster; striking of church 

bells; general fright, without damage to buildings. "Nausea feltj"

"violent;" "very violent."

VIII. 

Fall of chimneys; cracks in the walls of buildings.

IX.

Partial or total destruction of some buildings.

X.

Great disasters; overturning of rocks; fissures in the surface of the 

earth; mountain slides.

The relation between the intensity (I) of a shock as determined by 

the formula already given, and the numbers of the Eossi-Forel scale, 

has been reduced from all available data up to 1888, and is given below 

in tabular form. It is, of course, a, rough approximation only:

Eossi-Povel scale.

I........................

II........................

III........................

IV........................

V...... ..................

VI........................

vn...... ..................

VIII...... ..................

IX........................

Intensity, 

inilli-' 

meters per 

second.

20

40

60

80

110

150

noo

500

1, 200

Difference.

20

20

20

30

40

150

200

700

One of the objects of the earthquake observations on Mount Hamilton is to obtain data for correcting this table, so that the intensity of a 

shock, as defined mathematically by the formula I -^ (where V is the 

maximum velocity of the vibrating particle), can be approximately 

inferred from the ordinary descriptions of its effects.
10 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. fBuu,.H2.

STATIONS.

A number of duplex-pendulum seismographs, quite similar to the 

one used at the Lick Observatory, are placed at different .points on the 

Pacific coast, but they are not all in operation. The stations are:

Students' observatory, Berkeley, in charge of Prof. Soule.

Chabot Observatory, Oakland, in charge of Mr. Burckhalter.

Private observatory of Mr. Blinn, in East Oakland.

Observatory of the University of the Pacific, San Jose.

Observatory of Mills College, near Oakland, in charge of Prof. Keep.

Residence of Mr. C. D. Perrine, 213S Alameda avenue, Alameda.

Office of State Weather Bureau, Carson, Nevada, in charge of Prof. 

Friend.
CHRONOLOGIC RECORD, 1892.

January 16. MOUNT HAMILTON, 7:30 A. M. Note by Prof. Hold en: 

" Wind from north and northwest. Velocity Gl miles per hour. The 

motion of the third story of Prof. Holdeu's house from the wind made 

a tremor which would have been called II on Rossi-Forel scale."

February 3. PORTLAND, OREGON. A severe earthquake shock 

occurred here at 8:30 o'clock to-night. Brick buildings swayed and 

windows rattled, terrifying the inmates, who in many instances rushed 

into the street. The shock lasted about thirty seconds, and was probably the most severe earthquake ever felt in this city. As far as 

known no damage was done.

February 3.- ASTORIA, OREGON. There was a distinct shock of 

earthquake here to-night at 8:27 o'clock. The vibrations were from 

southwest to northeast. It lasted about three seconds, causing houses 

to shake perceptibly, but no damage was done.

Februarys. SALEM,OREGON. At8:32o'clock this evening Salem 

experienced an earthquake shock. The vibrations were from northeast 

to southwest. There were three distinct shocks. Windows rattled 

and buildings trembled, but no damage is reported.

February 3. OMAHA, NEBRASKA. A slight shock of earthquake 

was felt here about 10:30 o'clock to night, lasting for a few seconds. 

In Jones street a large bank of earth caved, partly wrecking a frame 

house, and burying P. H. Green, his wife, and two children in the 

debris. Green was badly injured, but the remainder of the family 

escaped unhurt.

February 5. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holden was awakened by 

a shock and noted the time as 6:27:42 a. m., which he says can not 

be far out of the way. Iritensity=V to VI, Bossi-Forel scale.

Mr. Otto Erie was awake and dressing aud noted time 6:27:50 a. m. 

Direction, north and south.

Prof. Campbell was awakened by the shock and noted the time as 

6:27:50±3s. Intensity, E. F.=V; duration, two seconds; north and 

south. Battled windows, washbowls, etc.; rocked bed.

February 23. CARSON CITY, NEVADA. Prof. Friend sends a tracing of an earthquake which occurred between 9 p. in. February 23 and 

7 a. m. February 24. He says: "No one here, it seems, has felt it,and 

consequently I can not give you the exact time." 1

1 The maximum disturbance being about ESE. by WNW., having an extreme amplitude of 17° on tho 

plate, with a motion at right angles to this of 7 mm.

11
12 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

February 23. SAN DIEGO. This city has been treated to earthquake shocks so frequently of late that the condition is regarded 

as almost chronic. Near midnight, February 23, the first shock, lasting 

seventy seconds, cracked walls of buildings, and people were thoroughly 

frightened.. Six or eight more shocks were felt that night, the second 

shock occurring just thirty minutes after the first one. Nearly every 

night since -there have been one to three slight shocks. So severe was 

the first shock that the undulations gave many the feelings of seasick 

patients. Along the Pacific coast from Mexico to British Columbia 

slight shocks were felt, especially in Oregon and Washington.

February 23. SAN DIEGO. The earthquake which visited southern 

California jus t; before midnight last night was the worst San Diego everexperienced, and seems to have been more severe the farther south it 

was felt. In this city a large number of buildings were cracked and the 

plaster was dislodged, although no houses were shaken down.

There were six or seven quakes after the first severe shock, and there 

was very little slumber for San Diegans for the rest of the night. After 

the shock the occupa'nts of lodging houses rushed into the streets 

nude and panic-stricken, and their fear was not dispelled until morning.

At a jewelry store on Fifth street a large ornamental lamp was 

thrown from its case and, crashing through a show case, did about 

$i'00 damage. So far as is now known no one was hurt.

Eeports from outside the city say that in Paradise valley a church 

and schoolhouse, which were built upon stilts, were thrown down and 

almost totally demolished. A telephone message from Oampo, on the 

border of the desert in the southeast part of the county, says that the 

first shock, which occurred at 11:21 p. m., was preceded by a loud rumbling 

like the sound of distant thunder. Several sharp tremblings followed 

in quick succession. The rumblings and shocks kept up at intervals of 

twenty minutes or more through the night until 4:53 a. in., when a 

fearful shock, with vibrations lasting twenty-five seconds and accompanied by local rumblings, caused the inhabitants to rush out of their 

houses in terror.

Since 5 o'clock this morning over twenty distinct shocks have been 

experienced, the last one as late as 10 o'clock. The rumbling still continues at intervals.

At Jamul the walls of the stone kilns at the cement works were 

cracked and other damage was done. Eumbliugs have been heard all 

day in the hills and mountains thereabouts, and the inhabitants are 

panic-stricken.

Messages fromnLower California are to the effect that Ensenada, 

Alamo, and San Quentin experienced the severest shocks within the 

memory of the oldest inhabitants. At Ensenada buildings swayed to 

and fro, and the people rushed into the streets, frightened by the 

unusual noises which followed the seismic disturbance. The mining 

town of Alamo was also severely shaken, and at San Quentin the Peniu-
PEKBINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 13

sular Eailway sustained considerable damage to its roadbed. Reports 

from the latter place say the shocks there were simply unparalleled in 

duration, lasting fully seventy seconds.

February 24. PALM SPRINGS. An earthquake shock was experienced here about 11:25 p. m. yesterday which was severer than any 

that San Francisco has felt during the last ten years. It lasted 

over one minute and the direction of the vibration was southeast to 

northwest. It was followed by at least eight other shocks, all exceptionally severe. The last shock was at 4:30 a. m. The night was 

excessively warm and the earthquake was followed by cold and cloudy 

weather.

February 24. INDIO. A severe earthquake was felt here last night, 

commencing at 11:16 o'clock. There were five lighter shocks between 

that time and 11:45 o'clock, and there was one at 12:30 and one 

at 4:49 a.m. to-day. No damage was done, but considerable COmiUOtion was caused among the inhabitants.

February 24. BEAUMONT. A severe earthquake shock occurred here 

last night at 11:20 o'clock. The vibrations were from east to west and 

lasted several seconds.

February 24. POMONA. An earthquake Avas felt here last night 

at 11:15. Buildings shook and rocked for a few seconds, but no damage was done; not even a glass broken. The vibration was north and 

south.

February 24. SANTA ANA. Eight shocks of earthquake were felt 

here last night. The heaviest Avas atf 11:15. The walls of the waterworks building Avere cracked and plastering in several houses Avas 

broken. Visitors in all the hotels left their rooms and .clocks stopped.

February 24. SAN BERNARDINO. Last night at 11:15 there was 

a shock of earthquake here, lasting about one minute and a quarter. 

The vibrations were northeast and soutliAvest. No damage Avas done, 

except to break chinaware and stop clocks. The shock Avas heavy 

and was followed by light temblors all night.

February 24. ONTARIO. Two sharp shocks of earthquake were felt 

here last night at 11:1.5. The course of the wave seemed to be northeast to southwest. There was no damage.

February 24. Vis ALIA. A light earthquake shock Avas felt here 

at 11:40 o'clock lafet night.

February 24. YUMA. Two shocks of earthquake were felt here last 

night at 11 o'clock. The movement Avas from east to west. No damage Avas done.

February 25. SAN DIEGO. Two more earthquake shocks were felt 

in this city at 2 o'clock this morning, but neither was as bad as 

those of the preceding night, and no damage was done. They were 

severe enough, however, to cause another hasty and undignified exodus of lodgers from hotels and lodging houses into the streets in their 

night clothes, The fright was particularly great among the tourists
14 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112,

in the. city, and th.o proprietors of several, hotels report a material thinning oat of. this class Of guests, who took the morning train for the 

East.

Word from Campo, on the desert, is to the effect that the rumbling 

and shocks continued last night, but no damage was done and the 

inhabitants are recovering from their terror. Up to this evening there 

have been about eighty distinct shocks in that locality since Tuesday 

night.

February 25. ONTARIO. There were two more, but light, shocks 

of earthquake last night, one at 9:30 and the other at 2 o'clock. The 

first occurred while a largo audience was listening to George W. Cable 

at Workman Hall. Had it been heavier a panic would have resulted.

February 25. SANTA ANA. Two light shocks of earthquake were 

felt here last night about 2 o'clock.-

March 13. PETALUMA. This morning at 5:25 o'clock a distinct 

shock of earthquake was felt in Petaluma. The vibration was from 

east to west.

March 13. XAPA. This morning at 8:35 o'clock a rather severe 

shock of earthquake was felt here. The vibrations were from north 

to south, continuing about twelve seconds.

March 13. NAPA. This morning at 8:23 came a slight shock of 

eight seconds duration.

March 28. DRYTOWN. A slight shock- of earthquake was felt here 

at 7:30 o'clock this morning. It was accompanied by a rumbling sound. 

The vibrations were from west lev cast.

April 3. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holden reports being waked 

by a shock at 2:50:9a.m. Intensity=E.-F; IV.. «2:45:0±4s. P.S.T. 1 

southeast and north west. Duration, Is.-2s. at least. Wakened. Intensity=III-IV. In second story of brick house."

April 17. TACOMA, WASHINGTON. Two shocks of earthquake were 

felt at 2:55 o'clock this afternoon. Tbe second shock was scarcely 

perceptible. Buildings trembled. The vibrations were from south to 

north. There was a severe shock at Olympia at 2:39 o'clock this afternoon .which lasted seven seconds.

April 17. PORTLAND, OREGON. At 2:50 o'clock this afternoon two 

heavy shocks of earthquake were felt here. The shocks lasted about 

ten seconds each and the vibrations were from west to east. Many 

persons became frightened and rushed into the street when the buildings began to tremble. No damage was done.

April 19. SAN FRANCISCO. On the morning of this day in the central portion of the state, occurred the heaviest earth quake of the year, 

and in the localities where it was most severe it was doubtless the 

worst ever experienced, rivaling that of 18G8 in severity, and probably 

exceeding it in point of pronerty destruction. Three important towns, 

viz, Vacaville, Winters, and Dixon, suffered severely and much

slope time,
PBBBIKB.] CHRONOLOGIC EECORD. 15

age was done in many other places in the same vicinity. The second 

day following brought another severe shock which wrecked many 

buildings already weakened. Itis, perhaps, worthy of remark that these 

disturbances did not follow the mountain contour of the country, 

but seemed to have their greatest range east and west or nearly at 

right angles to the direction of the mountain ranges; crossing the 

Sierras, they were distinctly felt in Nevada. The loss of property was 

great. C. D. P.

April 19. MOUNT HAMILTON. "Long period gentle shock waked 

sleepers swung hanging lamps B.-F. IV to V. 2:49£ P. S. T." 

(Prof. Holden.) The record on the duplex seismograph shows the 

greatest motion to have been east and west, amounting to!8'5mm.; 

the displacement north and south amounting to 8mm.

April 19. MOUNT HAMILTON (via San Jose). The earthquake was 

severe enough to awaken sleepers. But those who were up and at 

work felt it as a series of long, gentle undulations. It registered on 

our instruments. (E. S. Holdeu.)

April 19. SAN FRANCISCO. A little before 3 o'clock this morning 

an earthquake struck San Francisco. The shock was the heaviest 

experienced since the historic one in 1868, when the earth moved in 

waves on Mission street. "

The greatest result that the shake occasioned in San Francisco was 

the downfall of the front wall of the old Academy of Sciences building 

on thccornerof Dupout and California streets. Workmen were engaged 

in tearing it down. They are going -to put in a new front and change 

. the place into a theater. On Monday night when the men quit work 

the wall stood alone. The roof and side walls had been cut away, and 

to guard against a fall the wall was braced with long timbers.

When the quake came along the timbers were shaken off and down 

came several tons of brick and mortar. It woke up policemen on beats 

blocks away and nearly scared the life out of a theatrical party that 

was out on a late trip through Chinatown. The balconies came away 

with the wall and in a moment the sidewalk was piled high with bricks, 

beams, and plaster; no one was hurt.

The earthquake began with a thump that seemed to knock the earth 

to the west, then for about three seconds the world seemed to be sliding 

convulsively back into place. But before it came to rest there was 

another thump, followed by a lighter one. Altogether it took thirteen 

minutes for the earth to get over its fluttering.

Prof. Davidsou, of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, happened to be in 

his observatory. He did not ferl the earthquake, as he was just rising 

from his chair to study his instruments. He knew it was a-quaking, 

however, by the excitement in the bubbles of the levels.

The time was 2:51:41 this morning. The movement in minute waves 

was 0-9 second of arc, and the time of the pulsations about three seconds 

of time and not regular, at times almost subsiding and then starting out
16 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

afresh. The movement was apparently from the south. This continued 

for four or five minutes, and in six minutes the amplitude of the waves 

was from 0-2 or 0-3 second of arc, and the time of pulsation slower. The 

pulsation was faintly exhibited for nine minutes and at thirteen minutes 

it had ceased. At the close the north ends of the two levels were 6-5 

second of arc higher than when first read.

Prof. Davidson says that this was one of those earthquakes that 

roars, and was the second of that kind that he had observed. Just

FIB. 1. Tracing of the seismograph in-San Francisco.

before the shaking there was a noise as of heavy wagons being hauled 

over hard ground a loug way off.

The earth did not get back to where it started from, for Prof. Davidson's levels were 0-5 second of an arc higher after the shock had passed. 

This is not much, for the observatory on Mount Tamalpais was moved 

several feet by the earthquake of 1868.
PERIUNE.] CHRONOLOGIC KECORD.

The earthquake went through Oakland before it struck this city. Mr. 

Burckhalter, of Ghabot Observatory, was ready for it, and his seismograph reduced the earth's movements to black and white. The earthquake registered in Oakland in bold handwriting, but its signature 

was different from that made in this city. When it registered on this 

side the curves were replaced by erratic angles. It took the earthquake 

two minutes and thirty-nine seconds to get here from Oakland.

Prof. Davidson said that the difference in the ground structure here 

and in Oakland, and in the buildings in which the'instruments were, 

might account for the dissimilarity of the records made on the seismographs.

FIG. 2. Tracing of the auisuiogniph at the Chabot Observatory. Oakland.

The ferry depot rocked and creaked, and those inside of it started 

to run for the door. Every clock in the building, including the 

tower clock, stopped, and all showed the same time, viz, li:53 o'clock. 

On board the ships a slight trembling was felt that lasted about ten 

or twelve seconds. The shock was felt only by those who happened 

to be on deck. The rest of those on board were ignorant of the fact 

that an earthquake had happened.

The ferry tower pendulum is between»50 and CO pounds weight and is 

suspended by a steel spring G or 8 inches long aiid three-fourths of an in en 

wide, similar in appearance to a piece of scrap iron. The shock set the 

Bull. 112 2
18 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [Bpu,,U2,

pendulum to wriggling in an irregular manner from side to side and 

kept it up so long that the strong steel was warped in all sorts of 

shapes and finally broken.

The guests in the New Western hotel poured out into Kearney street 

when the shake.took place, and made a bee line for the center of 

Portsmouth Square, believing that that was the safest place, should 

the surrounding buildings fall. All of them were in undress, but for a 

time that was forgotten. When the first effects of the fright wore off 

the ladies quickly remembered that their costumes were not the things 

for street wear, and hurried back to their rooms.

The guests in the Palace hotel were somewhat frightened, a number 

of them rushing into the corridors to ascertain the cause of the vibrations. The only damaged sustained was the breaking of a few stat: 

uettes and some glass, which"were thrown to the floor.

The shock was very much more severe in the region 50 or 75 miles 

north of the city and the residents there had much curiosity to know 

how great it had been in San Francisco.

April 1°. SAN FRANCISCO. The Chronicle of April 20: So far as 

damage to property was concerned, the earthquake that shook a limited portion of the state north of the meridian of San Francisco early 

yesterday morning was the most severe that has been experienced1 

since the Lone Pine disaster of 1872. While the vibration of yesterday 

was felt from Gilroy and Fresno on the south to Oroville and Chico on 

the north, and from Santa Eosa on the west entirely across the state 

and into Nevada, the area within which damage was done was very 

small. This district includes portions of Solano and Yolo counties, 

and comprises a section some 20 miles wide by about 30 in length. 

Brick buildings in Vacaville, Winters, Dixon, Woodland, Esparto, 

Capay, and Fail-field were wrecked to a greater or less extent, but the 

entire damage, by the most liberal estimate, is so small that it is apparent that the injured structures were of a class easily damaged, and 

no great outlay for repairs or complete reconstruction will bo involved. 

In a few cases injuries to persons are reported, but in no instance were 

there any seriously hurt, nor, wonderful as it may seem, was there 

any loss of life. By comparison with the cyclones that have recently 

visited the Mississippi valley, and which make a habit of so doing, 

leaving hideous death and total destruction in their path, the earthquake of yesterday was a mild visitation; yet, after all, the actual loss 

caused will be found far less in the aggregate than has been inflicted 

by many a storm at the East that has been dismissed with a dozen 

lines of telegraphic report.

April 19. VACAVILL '. An earthquake occurred here at 2:50 

o'clock this morning. The damage in town was very great, there 

being few, if any, of the hundreds of residences that do not show 

evidences of the tremendous fmwer exerted. Chimneys were razed 

entirely or twisted badly. Dishes, tinware, crockery, and everything
PEKBINB.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD, 19

of a movable nature went down with a crash that was truly appalling. 

This statement will as well apply to the whole township as to the 

town.

This town presents a strange appearance to-night. There is apparently but one street in it, namely, Ma: n street, and the south side is 

nothing more nor less than, a row of wrecked brick structures, and the 

street is filled with pieces of brick and lumber, and the cracked edifices are propped up with huge beams to prevent them from falling 

into the roadway. The north side of the street was composed in 

the main of wooden buildings, and except in a feAv instances the loss 

on that side is confined to chimneys, which went by the run when the 

memorable temblor struck the town iu the small hours this morning.

The worst cases of damage off Main street were sustained by W. J.. 

Dobbins, who lived in a two-story brick building about 300 yards north 

from Vacaville, and by Garland Gates, wlio lived in a similar structure

3 miles west of the city. Both of the houses were totally wrecked 

and several persons who were sleeping in them at the time were injured.

On entering the town from the direction of the railroad depot the 

first demolished building met with on the south or brick side of Maiu 

street is IT. Chittenden's grocery store. It is a complete wreck. Next 

to it is F. H. Hacke's hardware shop, split and rent asunder, and 

held together only by wooden props leaning in from the street. The 

bank of Vacavillej a one-story brick structure, did not suffer as extensively as its neighbors. The Odd Fellows' building, which stands next, 

was badly wrecked; the upper story is thoroughly destroyed, and those 

who had offices there are heavy losers.

Going west the one-story brick buildings which adjoined one another 

were all more or less damaged. Mr. Plates's building at the western 

extremity of Main street is in a deplorable condition. It is a one-story 

brick building, aud in it are situated the opera hall, post-office, two 

dry-goods stores, one grocery, and the Enterprise office. The walls, 

both front and rear, were knocked out, and the building may be said 

to be a total wreck; the block has been temporarily walled in with 

sections of canvas, -arid those who have suffered from the big shake 

are busily employed within trying to restore order out of chaos. The 

post office has been temporarily removed to premises adjoining, on the 

north side of Main street. The buildings which suffered most are the 

Brunswick hotel and the Presbyterian church. They are wooden 

structures and are pretty badly damaged.

The total loss in and around Vacaville is variously estimated at from 

$70,000 to $150,000.. There is not a brick building on the south side of 

the street which was not more or less wrecked, and some of them are a 

total loss. The.shock struck the town at just 2:40 o'clock, and lasted 

fully three-quarters of a minute. The vibrations were at first from 

southwe-t to northeast and then changed suddenly to north and 

south. Fronts of buildings tumbled into the street, chimneys were
20 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

twisted and torn as if struck by a Kansas cyclone, and the entire 

population rushed into the streets. That there were no fatalities' is 

little short of miraculous, though there were a number of very narrow 

escapes.

Vacaville seems to have been headquarters for the quake. Several 

have heretofore been felt here, but none ever approached this in severity. Business was at a standstill all day, and the streets were filled 

with sightseers from the country and adjacent towns. The injured 

buildings are being repaired as fast as possible and business will be 

resumed soon. The newspaper offices were badly pied. The aggregate loss in the town and township will foot up fully $100,000.

Probably the first person in Vacaville to notice the approach of the 

earthquake was S. N. Bettis, the night watchman of the town. He 

reports that the morning was clear and starlit and that a cold breeze 

was blowing. He was walking (lowu Main street, from west to east, 

with his lantern in his hand, when his attention was attracted by a 

rumbling sound which came from the hills west of the town. The noise 

resembled distant thunder or the roaring of water which had suddenly 

been let loose by the bursting of huge dam gates. Bettis stood still 

and listened a few seconds, while the noise increased to a roar and the 

ground beneath his feet seemed to heave up.

"The motion at first \vas west to east," said he, "and then several 

violent shocks passed from north to south. I felt as if I was on the deck 

of a vessel during a heavy storm, and I put my hands to the ground 

to prevent myself from falling on my nice. After that brick walls and 

chimneys began to Ml all around and the noise for a minute or- so was 

deafening. Occasionally I could hear the shrieks of women above-the 

din, and soon people began to rush into the streets in their night 

clothes. They were terrified and huddled together like sheep, but as 

soon as the shock passed away the men in the party regained their 

nerve, although the women still remained in a highly excited state and 

would not return to their dwellings." . A good many state that for some time after the shock the air was 

filled with sulphurous fumes, which were emitted" from the fissures in 

the ground, of which there are many hereabout. In all about one hundred people were deprived of sleeping quarters by the earthquake, but 

those- have all been absorbed by the hotels and families with spare 

apartments, so that, barring the prevailing feeling of uncertainty as to 

what an hour may bring forth, there is very little discomfort or distress.

The public schoolhouse and the college, a couple of two-story brick 

buildings near the railroad depot, have also been badly racked and a 

survey will be made to ascertain the amount of damage done. It is 

thought that the upper story of the school building will have to come 

down.

April 19. DIXON. At 2:45 o'clock this morning people were 

awakened by an ominous rumbling, followed almost immediately by a
PEKBINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 21

heavy shock and the twisting and groaning of timbers. The exact 

duration of the shock is not known, but to the terror-stricken people 

waiting for the end it seemed hours.

Scarcely had the first vibration ceased before a second of shorter 

duration began. Quiet had hardly been restored before the mournful 

tolling of the fire bell commenced, followed shortly afterward by the 

wailing of the whistle on the waterworks, both of which seemed to announce a terrible calamity to the anxious listeners. People were almost 

afraid to leave their homes for fear that a third shock would bring the 

threatened end. A crowd soon gathered, and a scene of devastation 

was witnessed; toppled walls and crushed roofs presented themselves 

on every side, and the sidewalks and streets were strewed with wreckage and debris. To add to the terror fire broke out in several places 

simultaneously in. the midst of the ruins, but the firemen worked heroFIQ. 3. Map showing the area where the earthquake was most severe.

ically and soon had several streams playing on the flames, which 

were finally extinguished, although the damage will amount to many 

thousands of dollars. If it had occurred several hours'earlier or several hours later the damage might have been far greater and many 

lives might have been sacrificed. As it was the streets were deserted, 

with the exception of the night watchman who discovered the blaze 

and rung in the alarm. No oil lamps were burning except a night lamp 

in Dugan's store which was broken when the roof was crushed in by 

the falling firewall. If the earthquake had occurred earlier or later 

there would have been numerous fires.
22 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

Many of the finest residences in town are wrecked and not more 

than five chimneys in the town are standing. The total loss on residences is $0,000.

In the country the loss was very serious; hardly a house rests on its 

foundation and some of them are not habitable. The losses to farmers 

will aggregate $10,000.

Every monument in the local cemetery was either broken or badly 

twisted and thrown from position.

There were several miraculous escapes from death. John Rheinke 

and George Haarms were buried in the ruins of the former's saloon, 

and were extricated after hard work. Both are badly injured. Shannon Keaton vyas buried in the wreck of Bochford's butcher shop, but 

escaped unhurt.

FIG. 4. The earthquake 'enter.

The fires in Brown & Coleman's and Dugan's stores threatened for a 

time to destroy the town. The firemen worked in constant danger 

from the toppling buildings, but overcame the flames after a stubborn 

fight.

Mr. Boss, one of the sufferers, says that the loss on buildings alone 

will be not less than $15,000 or $20,000. Probably the heaviest loser 

in the city was John Dugan, who suffered not only from the earthquake, 

but also from the fire.

The schoolhouses are badly wrecked; one, costing $8,000, is twisted 

off the foundation, and the roof has caved in. The contractors have 

been making estimates all the afternoon, and it is safe to say that it 

will cost $75,000 to make repairs $50,000 in town and $L'5,()00 in the 

vicinity. People are walking about with a haggard and dazed aspect,
CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 23

arising partly from want of sleep, partly from shock, and partly from 

expectations of another shakeup. The stoppage of clocks confirms 

'the general impression that, the main shock occurred at 2:50 a. m. 

There was a distant rumbling and detonation, and a nasty, vicious 

twist at the wind up. It was the twist that did most of the damage. 

The facts seem to show that the wave traveled much nearer the surface than in the earthquake of 18G8, or even in the IS; apa shock of last 

year. It was indeed a heavier shaking up than that which Charleston 

experienced in 18SG, only that the energy was expended over a larger 

area. Every article of glass was; turned upside down and nothing was 

broken; while at a saloon not half a block away the proprietor did not 

even know that an earthquake happened till the ringing of the fire bell 

Summoned him to duty not an article of glass in this place was broken 

or disturbed. , April 19. WINTERS. The heaviest shock of ^earthquake that was 

ever experienced here occurred this morning at 2:.30 o'clock, every 

brick and stone building ill the town being damaged more or less, and 

some of them being total wrecks. Among the business houses almost 

totally wrei ked was the Masonic Temple, occupied on the first floor by 

Griffiths & Hazelrigg, general merchandise.

Scarcely a house in town escaped. The fine new schoolhouse, just 

completed, lost its chimneys; the plaster is cracked, and the brick 

foundation is badly shattered. It is estimated that the loss to the town 

will be from $50,000 to $60,000.

Main street presents a badly wrecked appearance, althoug hbuildings 

are still standing. The large new Dcvilbiss hotel suffered considerably, 

much of the brick front caving into the street. There were about 40 

guests asleep in the hotel when the shock occurred, and the men, women, 

and children ran terror-stricken down the stairs. On reaching the office 

they found chaos all around, the plaster fallen, the walls opened, 

and the furniture scattered in confusion. The kitchen was also badly 

shaken, and Mrs. Bertha Boberts, the wife of the cook, was severely 

hurt by falling plaster. So far as known she is the only person receiving injuries, although many narrow escapes are reported. Crowds are 

gathered around the scene of the wreck, and business men are figuring 

their losses, which range in individual cases from $2."iO to $5,000.

Sixty feet of the fire wall of the new Cradwick building on Main street 

toppled westward upon the frame roof of Judy Brothers' stable, and 

crashing through completely buried sixhorses in their stalls, though singularly notbadly hurting them. To-day the schoolhouse,just finished by 

Contractor Silas Carl, of Sacramento, was to have beew turned over to 

the trustees. The brick foundation was cracked, the chimneys thrown 

to the ground, and the plaster torn. The old schoolhouse is so badly 

wrecked that no school is being held to-day. The loss to the town is 

estimated at between $70,000 and $100,000. At the graveyard tombstones were wrenched around or completely shattered. Near the town
EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

the bank of Putali creek, ten feet wide, caved in, and along the bottom 

of the creek for a great distance rents were made by the shocks. West 

of here about three miles, an acre of ground slid into the creek. 

Keports are just beginning to come in of damage in the country hereabouts.

Two miles southeast of Winters, J. E. Wolfskin's stone house was 

totally wrecked. He was asleep with his wife when the wall crushed 

in, just missing the bed and sparing their lives. In Pleasanton valley 

a lamp in J. K. Thissell's house was thrown down. It exploded and a 

fire followed. The house was wholly consumed. In the residence of

J. A. Devilbiss the wall was 

separated from the floor so that 

a man might put his leg down 

the aperture. Up the Berryessa 

road the passage is blocked by 

immense bowlders, some weighing several tons, which were 

thrown with mighty force down 

the hillsides'into the road. It is 

near this point where the rents 

in the road were noticed. William Barker's adobe house across 

the creek was so shaken that it 

is dangerous to enter it, and 

other houses were wrenched from 

their foundations. From all 

around come reports of wells 

filling up with caving earth and 

narrow escapes froin awful fires 

and death by the falling of burning lamps in sick rooms. What 

js most mystifying in the face 

of all the damage done is that 

no lives were lost and very little 

injury to persons is reported. 

The bank building on Main street 

was wrecked. There is not a 

whole window left in any house on that street. In the office of the 

Express forms were pied, type emptied from cases, and the old Washington press, weighing over a ton, knocked over. A big job press suffered 

similarly.

On Putah creek, half a mile west of Winters, a phenomenon was 

witnessed by a young man named Fred Willis, who was riding past at 

the time of the big shake. There seemed to be an explosion, and the 

water was thrown from the creek to a distance of 20 feet on either 

bank. Then followed a hissing sound as of gas escaping. At dayFIG. 5. District affected by the temblor.
teaaax.} CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. ' 25

light several fissures were found in the bed of the creek and in the 

roadway and fields adjoining. On each side of the creek where the 

explosion took place the banks caved in, the landslides being 75 feet 

in length and 12 feet deep.

Such as were enabled to see the sky through split roofs after the big 

shock passed state that the heavens were livid with fire, and when they 

reached the street there seemed to be a haze in the atmosphere, while 

odors of sulphur were distinctly discernible. The people of Winters are 

extremely positive on these points.

April 19. WOODLAND. A deep rumbling noise at 2:45 a. m. to-day 

was the forerunner of the most severe shock of earthquake ever experienced in this portion of the state. The shock was a series of rapidly 

intermittent vibrations which lasted for thirty seconds, at first almost 

.north and south and changing frequently from east to west, producing 

the impression of circular motion. Fortunately the casualties in this 

immediate vicinity are not great, but the public never experienced a 

worse fright.

Evidences of the force of the shock are numerous everywhere. 

Chimneys are cracked and occasionally toppled over, brick walls are 

cracked and fire walls sufi'er through loss of brick. The destruction of 

glass in stores and private residences is very large. The Byrnes hotel 

loses a part of its ceiling; the Capital hotel, a chimney; Masonic Hall 

suffers in chimneys and plaster; Mezgar's bakery furnishes broken glass 

arid cracked walls. The Grammar school building suffers a broken 

fire wall and cornice. So far there is no evidence of any damage ta the 

waterworks. In the Croft hotel a number of the rooms are almost 

denuded of plaster, and most of the business blocks are slightly damagecL One of the Capital hotel chimneys is out of plumb. The walls 

of both the jail and court room are cracki-d. The plastering has fallen 

off in Superintendent Bauks's ofiice. The wall at the southwest corner 

of the Bank of Woodland is cracked.' At the Byrnes hotel the walls 

were cracked and the plaster fell to the floor in several rooms. Many 

of the guests were so badly frightened that they ran down stairs without stopping to dress.

April 19. GRASS VALLEY. This morning a little before 3 o'clock 

two shocks of earthquake woke the people and rattled things. The 

directiovi was north to south. No damage was done.

April 19. AUBURN. There was an earthquake this morning about 

2:45. There were two distinct shocks, about ten seconds apart. The 

course was northerly. No damage is reported.

April 19. CHICO. A heavy shock of earthquake was experienced 

in this city at 2:45 this morning, followed immediately by two others. 

They seemed to pass northwest to southeast. Many clocks in the city 

were stopped. In some places articles sitting near the edges of shelves 

were knocked off. No damage was done to the windows or glassware.

April 19. STOCKTON. A severe shock of earthquake was felt here
26 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BDLL.IM.

at 2:50 o'clock this morning. No damage is reported, but the fright 

was great.

April 19. NICOLAUS. There was a severe earthquake at 2:50 o'clock 

in the night. The direction was doubtful. A loud .rumbling noise followed the shock. . April 19. MERGED. Two distinct shocks of earthquake were felt 

here this morning. The first occurred at 2:47, stopping the clock at 

El Capitan hotel. The second shock was three minutes afterward, 

starting the clock again. No damage was done.

April 19. MARYSVILLE. An earthquake was felt in this city and 

in the country for a number of miles at about 3 o'clock this morning. 

The duration of the shock was from, seven to nine seconds. The vibrations were north of northwest and south of southeast. It was the 

severest and longest of any ever experienced in this vicinity, but did 

no damage. Buildings were swayed, bells rung, and clocks stopped. 

The result was a general scare, which kept many timid ones awake until 

daybreak.

April 19. NEVADA. Two sharp shocks of earthquake occurred 

here at 'J :CO o'clock this morning. The first was of brief duration, but 

the second, \\hich immediately followed, lasted eight or ten seconds, 

awakening the soundest sleepers and creating widespread alarm among 

timid people. The vibrations extended from northeast to southwest.

April 19. FOLSOM. The prisoners in the jail were greatly alarmed 

at t he earthquake shocks. They thought the day of judgment had come. 

The guards at first thought the rattling on the locks was caused by a 

general break of the prisoners. No material damage resulted.

April 10. ANTIOCH. A severe earthquake shock startled our citizens at 2:45 a. m. The vibrations were from west to east and pf about 

forty seconds duration. No damage to property.

April 13. r>ENICIA. The heaviest shock of earthquake felt in this 

city since 1SC8 occurred at 2:40 o'clock this morning. The vibrations 

lasted for several seconds and were noith and south. The whole town 

was aroused, and our people were badly frightened. Littleor no damage 

is reported here beyond the cracking of a few chimneys and some 

plastering.

April 19. DAVISVILLE. The hardest shock of earthquake ever 

experienced here was felt this morning, but the damage is very slight. 

One or two chimneys were overthrown and brick houses cracked, but 

not so as to be dangerous. Perhaps $200 will cover all damage.

April 19. ELMIEA. The most severe shock of earthquake ever experienced here occurred this morning at 2:50 o'clock, destroying almost 

every chimney in the town, and badly wrecking the brick store of J. 

Allison & Co. The damage is small, as the buildings are all frame.

April 19. COLUSA. At 2:50 o'clock this morning one of the heaviest 

shocks of earthquake ever felt at Mills station occurred, lasting about 

twenty seconds. The vibrations were from north to south.
CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 27

There were several severe shocks. Opinion is div.ided as to the direction. Clocks were stopped and there was a general shaking up of 

crockery.

April 19. WriEATLAND. A very marked earth disturbance was 

noted here at 3 o'clock this morning. The vibrations appeared, to be 

w;>st to east, and were so pronounced as to awake the soundest sleeper.

April 19. ORLAND. Two distinct shocks were felt here about 2:40 

a. in. The vibrations were apparently north and south.

, April 19. BIGGS. -Three heavy shocks of earthquake occurred here 

this morning at 3 o'clock. The vibrations were northeast and southwest. Clocks were stopped and plastering cracked.

April 19. PETALTJMA. About 2:55 o'clock this morning one of the 

heaviest and longest earthquake shocks experienced here for some time 

passed'through tbiS 1 city. The vibration was from east to west, and 

the duration three to four seconds. 

April 19. SUISUN. The severest earthquake ever experienced in 

this vicinity occurred at 2:52 this morning. The shock, although, very 

severe in Suisun, was not nearly as hard as it -was a few miles north 

and cast of town. The principal damage here was to the new Masonic 

Hall, where the plastering is very badly tumbled down and cracked.

The Methodist church, iif Fail-field is so seriously damaged that it will 

have to be taken down. The bell tower 13 all down, and the walls of 

the building so badly cracked and broken as to render it unsafe. The 

court-house and jail were also slightly injured.

There were also a large number of brick chimneys in Fairfield leveled 

to the tops of the houses.

In the Arlington Hotel many of the boarders were so frightened that 

they grabbed what clothing they could and rushed to the streets, where 

they dressed.

The vibrations appeared to be from the northwest to southeast and 

lasted fully one minute. The damage in this town and immediate 

vicinity, with the exception of the church in Fairfield, will not exceed 

$500.

April 19. SACRAMENTO. Some attempts have been made to make a 

sensation of the earthquake shock here this morning. The truth is the 

only damage done was the shaking down of one old chimney and the 

breaking of a chandelier pipe which had rusted at the ceiling joint. 

Even pyramids of wine glasses in the show windows of the crockery 

stores were not disturbed. In a few old buildings a little plastering, 

was loosened. The shock was lively enough and many persons were 

frightened, but that was all.

April 19. FRESNO. A shock of earthquake was felt this morning 

at 2:45 o'clock. No damage was done, the shock being slight, and 

only sufficient to'rattle dishes and disturb those who do not sleep 

soundly. Not one person in ten felt the shock.

April 19. RENO, NEVADA. A slight earthquake shock occurred
28 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [urn. 112

here this morniug at 2:50 o'clock. The vibrations were from north to 

south.

April 19. VIRGINIA, NEVADA. The earthquake that shook up 

Vacaville and other interior California towns at 2:50 o'clock this morning was felt here at the same hour and at all points throughout Nevada, 

so far as heard from. The vibration was from east to west, but no 

damage is reported.

April 19. CARSON CITY, NEVADA. Reported by Prof. C. W. Friend 

as occurring at 2:50:40 a. in., P. S. T. Duration, 30 seconds. The tracing shows a total displacement of the pointer in a northeast and southwest direction of 49 mm., and a displacement in a northwest and southeast direction of 29 mm.

April 19. ALAMEDA. Tracing made by duplex seismograph shows 

a total displacement in a northeast and .southwest direction of 30 mm. 

and in a northwest and southeast direction of 2C mm. Time, 2:49 a. 

m. C. D. Perrine.

April 19. SMITH CREEK. Time noted by Mr. King, 2:50=t £ minute, 

p. m. Prof. Holden reports King's watch right at 10 a. m.

April 19. WILLOWS. Received a severe shock at 2:51 o'clock, 

lasting- fifteen seconds. Scores of people are practically homeless here, 

because fear of a repetition of the convulsion has seized many of those 

who had hairbreadth escapes, and they are unwilling to occupy their 

houses to-night. But this fever is as nothing compared with that of 

the Japanese, hordes of whom are employed in orchards around Winters. In their native country the first earthquake is taken as a forerunner of more, and they are momentarily expecting a return of the 

tremor. Many of them refused to go to work this morning and are 

wandering in the streets. Reports received within a radius of 5 miles 

around place the amount of damage up to $200,000, at a moderate estimate, This is a (lead loss, as the fire insurance companies do not reimburse for such damage.

April 19. SAN JOSE. An earthquake of considerable length occurred 

about ten minutes to 3 o'clock this morning, but was not severe enough 

to cause any damage in this city. Its duration was about forty seconds 

and the vibrations were from east to west. It was not felt by every 

body. It started with a jerk and then settled into a trembling with an 

evenness that seems remarkable and was the cause of much comment. 

As one person expressed it, "Xt seemed as if a cradle was rocking."

April 19. ESPARTO. The severest earthquake that was ever experienced in this locality took place at 2:50 a. ni. to-day. Considerable 

damage was done, though fortunately no one was injured. The greatest damage was done to the Bariies Hotel. A section of the east wall 

fell down and a great deal of plastering fell in the rooms. Three chimneys were knocked down, one of them crashing through the roof.

It will take $1,500 to cover the damage to the hotel. The fire walls 

of Levy & Schwab's building were displaced 5 inches.. There was also 

loss from damaged goods and broken crockery.
CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 29

The large grain -warehouse at this place was also slightly wrecked 

and the drug store considerably damaged. Other buildings were more 

or less damaged.

The earth opened in several places between here and Capay.

April 19. CAPAY. The earthquake gave the town of Capay a 

lively shakeup. The west wall of B. Waldrich's building caved in and 

the east wall fell out. Mrs. Peach, an occupant of the building, was 

struck by several falling bricks and had a very narrow escape. The 

damage is fully $1,000. The stock of merchandise in stores was thrown 

down from the shelving and considerably damaged. The walls of the 

Nash building were cracked and nearly all the chimney^ in the town 

were thrown down.

 April 19. SANTA ROSA. The earthquake which visited Santa Rosa 

this morning at 2:50*o'clock was the most severe felt since 18G8, and 

many think it was worse than that. It lasted over a minute, and the 

vibrations seemed to be of an undulatbry nature cast to west, and lasted 

three minutes. Windows were broken in many houses and plaster was 

torn from some of the houses. A panic prevailed at hotels, guests getting up and running out in their nightgowns. No very serious damage 

was done.

April 19. MARTINEZ. This morning about ten minutes to 3 o'clock 

one of the severest shocks of earthquake ever felt here awoke the slumbering residents. The vibrations seemed to be from west to cast, 

alth.,ugh some scein to think they vibrated from north to south, and

 lasted about thirty five seconds. A few cans toppled over in some of 

our stores, several clocks stopped, a few cracks occurred in the courthouse plastering, and several chimneys were shattered.

April 1°. F AIRFIELD. The hardest shock of earthquake ever 

experienced here occurred at 2:50 a. m. The vibrations were northeast 

and southwest. Windows and glassware were broken and the stoves 

and bookcase in the schoolhouse were overturned. The bell tower on 

the brick Methodist Episcopal Church fell in and the gable end on the 

north side fell out. The church was ruined. The court-house and jail 

were not much damaged.

April 19. NAPA. A heavy earthquake shock was experienced 

here about 2:50 this morning, followed within half an hour by two 

lighter shocks. The vibrations were east and west, continuing several 

seconds. People very generally were alarmed, but no damage was 

done. The shock was the heaviest felt in several years, excepting that 

of last October.

April 19. HEALDSBURG. An earthquake visited this section at 

3:10 o'clock this morning. It was one of the most severe sLocks ever 

felt in this locality. The vibrations seemed to be from south to north. 

There were three distinct shocks, the first being the most severe. The 

last of them seemed to take a rotary motion. The plaster in several 

stores was badly cracked.
30 EARTHQUAKES, IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [nctL.112.

April 19.-^SAN RAFAEL. -The severest earthquake shock experienced here in a number of years occurred this morning at 2:50 o.'clock. 

The vibrations were from north to south and the shock was perceptible 

for about fifteen seconds. No serious damage was done here, but in 

numerous residences clocks were stopped, crockery thrown irom shelves, 

and water pipes wrenched.

April 19. MARC USE. The severest earthquake that has-been felt 

in this neighborhood for years occurred this morning at about 3 o'clock 

and lasted for nearly half a minute. The vibrations were from north 

to south. No damage lias been heard of.

April 19. VALLEJO. The earthquake this morning stopped the two 

standard clocks in the Naval Observatory at Marc island, it being the 

first time they were ever so affected. The heavy mercury pendulum 

of one of the clocks was swung out on the ledge of the case and was 

removed with difficulty. The transmitting clock was not stopped and 

time was sent out as usual to the, 1,G."H) clocks regulated by it.

April 19. MILTON. At 2:43 o'clock this morning two heavy shocks 

of earthquake were felt here. The vibrations were southwest to northeast. Buildings trembled and many persons were severely frightened, 

but no damage .was done.

April 19. PLACERVILLE. A very distinct shock of earthquake was 

felt at 2:50 o'clock a. m. to-day. The vibrations were from cast to west.

April 19. UiviAii. No seismic disturbance occurred in this section.

A~:ril 23 VACAVILLE. When the terrible shock of Tuesday morning occurred every one expected a repetition. During last night there 

were constant shocks, beginning about midnight and continuing to 8 

this morning. The belief in the likelihood of a recurrence has induced 

many to go to the country. Thconly effect of to-day's quakes has been 

to weaken the walls already shaken.

The townspeople of Vacavillo have had seven more shocks to unnerve 

them. The heaviest came a little before 2 oYlock this morning and 

shook down several walls which were already tottering, but did no 

other damage. No one has been hurt since the big shock for the reason 

that the majority have preferred the open street to the sanctuary of 

even a frame house'. How many went without a bed it is difficult to 

say, but the number of bloodshot eyes and shaking, nerveless forms 

seen on. the street this morning would lead to the conclusion that most 

people made a night of it. Many visitors came in from Di.\on, Elinira,. 

and other points, but they did not stay long, and they were accompanied in their exodus by those of the townspeople who had relatives or 

friends in other villages and towns. It is safe to say now that the danger is over, and that it will take $100,000 at least to repair damages.

April 20. PETALTJIMA. About 10 minutes to 2 o'clock this morning 

a quick, sharp shock of earthquake, passed through Petaluma.

April 20. NAPA. Another shock of earthquake was felt here this 

morning about 2 o'clock. It was much lighter than that of Tuesday 

morning. No damage was done.
PBRRJNE.J CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 31

April 20. MARTINEZ. A slight shock of earthquake was felt here 

this morning about G minutes past 2 o'clock, but did no damage.

April 20. STOCKTON. Timid people who were frightem d by the 

sharp earthquake shocks at 2:50 o'clock Tuesday morning noticed two 

more gentle temblors at 2:05 this morning. No damage was done by 

the shocks.

April 23. WOODLAND. There was a slight earthquake shock at 

2:05 o'clock this morning. No further damage than that reported. ,

April 20. GRASS VALLEY. There was an earthquake shock here 

this morning at about 2 o'clock, lasting twelve or fourteen seconds. 

There was no damage.

April 20. NEVADA CITY. Mild shocks of earthquake were felt 

here at 10 o'clock last night and at 2:05 o'clock this morning.

April 20. STJISUN. There were three slight shocks of earthquake 

here to day, the first occurring shortly before 2 o'clock this morning 

and the last at about 8:30.

April 2D. ELMIRA. This place enjoyed the distinction of having 

no fewer than seven fresh shocks, the heaviest at 2 a. in. and the last 

at 9 a. in. As in other places along the line the vibrations were northeast and southwest. Most of the chimneys went down on Tuesday 

morning and no further damage has been done.

April 20. FAIRFIELD. As in the case of other villages along the 

line between Sacramento and Benicia, Fairfield had another shaUeup 

to-day, the most'noticeable tremor being at 2 o'clock this af eruoon. 

No damage was done.

April 20. NAP A. Another shock of earthquake was felt here this 

morning about 2 o'clock. It was much lighter than Tuesday morning's. 

No damage was done.

April 20. SACRAMENTO. Mild shocks of earthquake were felt here 

at 10 o'clock last night and at 2:05 o'clock this morning.

Apr-1 20. WINTERS. The citizens of this place are satisfied now 

that the earthquake scare is over for, good, though there have been 

three small shocks during the early hours of this morning. The hardest was at 2:05 o'clock; the second came a little before4:30 o'clock and 

the third at 8:40.

There is one feature in the results of the shock here which has not 

been noticed to anything like the same extent elsewhere. It repeats 

the case of the Charleston earthquake, when all the superficial effects 

were noted at the neighboring town of Summerville. At Winters there 

have been developed a number of fissures in the earth, water has been 

ejected, gas has escaped, and the bed of the creek has been filled up for 

a distance of over 70 yards. Many of the wells have been billed up by 

the collapse of the walls.

April 20. DIXON. This toAvn has had three more shocks since the

.big one of yesterday, but the people are regaining confidence, and are

clearing away the ruin sin hearty style. Most of the brick buildings
32 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

that were damaged by the first shock will have to come down, and the 

most noteworthy fact in this connection is the composure with which 

the issue is being faced. Earthquakes do not, as a rule, come within 

the insurance chapter of accidents, and many of the townspeople will 

be heavy losers.

Most of the families in Dixon slumbered fitfully last night, for, weary 

as they were, the shock which came at 2 a. m. was a boomer, and it 

was followed by another of a milder sort at 4 o'clock. At 8:30 o'clock 

came a third, which was felt lightly all along the line to Beuicia.

April 21. DAVISVILLE. At 9:43 this morning another severe shock 

was felt at this place, the vibrations running from southeast to northwest. It was of brief duration, lasting no more than five seconds, yet 

in severity it seemed to exceed that of the morning of the 19th. The 

additional damage is scarcely noticeable, save in the rear of the Masonic 

and Odd Fellows' halls, where the fissures show considerable enlargement and are now really dangerous, should the vibrations continue. In 

a drug store several bottles were thrown from the shelves and the 

glass was crushed in the front. The shocks, fortunately, passed quickly 

and without the gyratory motion mentioned in that of the 19th, and to 

these circumstances we arc indebted for our slight loss. People are 

growing intensely nervous, and families living in brick buildings are 

looking for other and less dangerous quarters. There is no news from 

the surrounding country, but at Mrs. C. E. Grcene's residence the 

damage from the first shock will roach $200. This embraces broken 

bric-abrac and cracked plastering. So far as heard from, no one is 

injured in this locality. It is now learned that B. F. Liggett's building 

is badly shattered, the damage being much greater than was at first supposed. Many brick chimneys will have to be torn down and rebuilt.

April 21. WINTERS. Another slight shock of earthquake was felt

here at 3:05 o'clock this morning. A few persons were frightened, but 

no damage resulted.

Another shock of earthquake occurred here at 9:40 o'clock, throwing 

down the Masonic hall, Cradwick's building, Bertholet's two-story 

stone building, Hnmphiey Bros.'one-story stone building, and generally 

demolishing goods, fixtures, etc. One man was badly hurt by a falling 

wall, and Miss Clara Jessen, milliner, was hurt. Others were more or 

less injured. Business is all suspended. Main street is a scene of desolation. A fire broke out but was extinguished.

J.Devilbiss's house, 1 mile west of here, is a total wreck; also Mr. 

Baker's adobe and J. E. Wolfskill's stone dwellings.

April 21. WOODLAND. The shake at 9:40 a. m. continued for thirty 

seconds. The vibrations were from east to west. The actual damage 

was not great, but many buildings were wrenched and weakened. The 

brick coping of the Capital hotel fell into the main street, smashing 

the porch. Byrnes's hotel is seriously damaged, the fresco broken, and. 

the walls cracked. Nobody was injured in town. The chiomeys on
CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 33

the top of the court-house were rendered unsafe and have been taken 

down. The heavy steel ornaments at the top of the tower of the Hall 

of Records were dislodged from the pedestal and nearly overturned.

The walls of the county jail were badly cracked and prisoners were 

much alarmed. The upper story of the Thomas building- was badly 

cracked and the city prison has been rendered unsafe. The Exchange 

and Craft hotels were both badly damaged. On Main street the twostory brick school building was cracked. There was no school at the 

time, on account of a holiday being declared. Experts have examined 

the building and report it unsafe. Two large plate-glass windows in 

the Medal bakery were broken. All the stores sustained some loss 

from the breakage of bottled goods, china, and glassware.

The play of "Damon and Pythias" at the opera house to-night was 

postponed on account of the nervousness of the people. Many chimneys were twisted and overturned. The general loss is estimated at 

$5,000. The Avildest excitement prevailed at the time of the shock. 

Much anxiety is felt for Madison, Capay, and Winters.

April 21. NEVADA CITY. At 9:44 o'clock this morning a series of 

earthquakes, lasting forty-five seconds, were felt here. The waves were 

from S. to N. The first four were so sharp as to attract the attention of persons afoot, and then gradually diminished in force. Doors 

and windows rattled and some clocks stopped. No damage was done 

in this section. There was another shaking up shortly after 9 o'clock 

last night. A cold rainstorm set in early this morning and considerable rain is falling.

April 21. MARYSVILLE. This morning a slight shock of earthquake was felt at 9:43 o'clock. The vibrations were north a.nd south. 

Many people w^ere alarmed. One of the public-school buildings was 

slightly damaged that is all.

To-night at 7:15 o'clock another shock was felt and the timid ones 

are slightly alarmed.

April 21. GRASS VALLEY. At 9:35 o'clock this morning quite 

a heavy earthquake shocfk occurred. It sent everybody into the streets. 

Several brick buildings in the-town are cracked. A gentle shower of 

rain was falling at the time.

A very sharp shock of earthquake occurred at 7:25 this evening.

April 21. PLACEEVILLE. A sharp earthquake shock, followed by 

slight tremors, was felt here at 9:43 o'clock this forenoon. The course 

was apparently from west to east. No damage to property was done 

here.

April 21. CHICO. Another heavy earthquake was felt here this 

morning at 9:47, lasting thirty seconds. The vibrations were north to 

south. Lamps in buildings all over the city were set swinging. The 

ceilings in some places cracked and clocks stopped. No damage is 

reported.

April 21. BIGGS. A very heavy shock of earthquake occurred here 

Bull. 112 3
34 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

this morning at 9:45. The vibrations were north and south, lasting 

about eight seconds. Eight distinct vibrations were felt. . Clocks 

stopped and plaster fell. No serious damage is reported.

April 21. SAN FRANCISCO. Quite a sharp shock of earthquake was 

felt in the city this morning a few minutes before 10 o'clock. The temblor appears to have extended over a good portion of the central and 

northern part of the state, though, happily, in most sections no damage 

was done. In Solano and Yolo counties, however, the destruction was 

considerable. The town of Winters appears to have suffered most. 

The scenes witnessed there and in Dixon and other places within the 

center of the seismic disturbance are graphically described by the 

Call's correspondents. It is highly probable that when the excitement 

and alarm naturally attending such a disaster shall have passed away 

it will be found that the losses are not so severe as were at first estimated. 

The earthquake felt in this city to-day extended over a wide area. The 

disturbance was felt as far east as Eeno, as far north as St.. Helena, and 

as far south as Fresno. According to reports, it was of longer duration 

in the interior than in this city, where the period of vibration was not 

less than three nor more than six seconds.

Upon the question of duration, there is the testimony of two experts 

with chronometers at their elbows. Mr. F. W. Edmonds, who is employed in the Geodetic Survey Office, noted the time as follows:

h. m. s.

Beginning............................................................ 9 42 27-4

Ending............................................................... 9 42 30-2

He noted further that the direction of the vibrations was from east 

to west.

Thomas Tennant, the well-known nautical instrument maker, was 

standing with his face to a chronometer. His record is as follows':

h. m. H.

Beginning...................... .......... .............................. 9 42 30

Ending................................................................. 9 42 36

Vibrations from northeast to southwest.

Those in the upper stories of buildings were the most startled, and 

the effect upon the majority was to make them hasten to their doors, 

reaching there, however, only in time to appreciate that the critical 

moment had passed and they were safe. The average clock is very 

sensitive to jars of any kind, and the earthquake stopped the swing of 

 many a pendulum. But no serious damage is reported from any part 

of the city. The ceiling sagged in one of the offices over the Granger's 

Bank. It was, however, immediately braced up,

A second very sli ght shock was felt in .this city at 7:15 o'clock last 

evening.

April 21. VACAVILLE. Another earthquake was felt here this 

morning, but not so severe as those of the preceding days. Some 

shaky walls were demolished and a. number of ceilings cracked, but 

no serious damage is yet reported. Slight shocks were felt at 6:15 and
PEBKINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 35

at 7:23 this evening. There was no special damage done, though the 

people were badly frightened. Governor Markham has sent twentyfive tents. Occupation of tents is general.

April 21. SACRAMENTO. Governor Markham received the following dispatch this morning:

WINTERS, April 21,1892 11:55 a. m. 

Governor H. H. MARKHAM :

A third shock of earthquake has almost demolished our town. Many 

people are without shelter and there are indications of rain. Can you 

send any tents belonging to the Statej or have you any?

E. C. BUST, Editor.

To this Governor Markham immediately replied: 

E. C. BUST,

Winters, Gal.:

Our tents will shelter from five to six persons each. How many do 

you want? Will do for your afflicted people all that can be done.

H. H. MARKHAM, Governor.

April 21. MARTINEZ. This morning at 9:44 o'clock a heavy shock 

of earthquake was felt here, frightening the residents to such an extent 

that almost every one rushed into the street. The vibrations were 

from northwest to southeast and lasted for thirty-five seconds. Clocks 

were stopped in some parts of the town, the vibrations seeming to be 

sponger in the level than on the slopes. The lamp hangings in the 

county assessor's office was thrown down and broken and the courthouse was cracked in one or two places, but not seriously.

The brick building used by the free library was cracked so badly that 

it is considered unsafe, and the books will be removed as soon as 

another building can be fixed for their reception, the library being 

closed in the meantime. The teachers in the public schools, with the 

exception of those in one room, became-terrified, and told the children 

to runout of doors, and, in the mad rush, one or two were hurt, but not 

seriously. No other damage has been reported. A light rainfall preceded the shock, but it has been warmer since and the sun is brightly 

shining.

April 21. ELMIRA. At 9:40 o'clock this morning there was another 

very severe shock, badly frightening the people, but doing no damage.

April 21. BENICIA. Quite a pronounced shock of earthquake was 

felt here his morning at 9:43. It was nearly as heavy as that of Tuesday morning. Windows rattled, and buildings swayed in a sickening 

manner. No damage was done here, however. There was a slight 

shock yesterday morning about 2 o'clock.

Another severe shock of earthquake occurred at 7:13 o'clock this 

evening. It was, if anything, more .severe than that of this morning.

April 21. NAPA. A heavy shock of earthquake was felt at 9:42 

this morning. The shock was even heavier than that of Tuesday
36 EAKTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA. IN 1892. [B0u,.ll2.

morning. Several brick buildings were cracked, and much plaster fell. 

Nobody was hurt, and no serious damage was done. The vibrations 

were east and west.

Another earthquake shock was felt here at 7:13 o'clock this evening. 

It was heavy, but no damage was done.

April 21. PETALTJMA. At 9:43 o'clock this morning two sharp, 

quick earthquake shocks passed through Petaluma from east to west. 

The first was light, but was instantly followed by a much heavier 

shock. Clocks were stopped, and some plastering was shaken down. 

Almost everybody went into the streets. Another slight shock occurred 

to-night at 7:13 o'clock.

April 21. SONOMA. Another shock of earthquake was felt here this 

evening at 7 o'clock.

April 21. SAN RAFAEL. A slight shock of earthquake was felt 

here this morning at 0:43 o'clock. The vibrations were from north to 

south. There was another slight shock this evening at 7:10 o'clock, 

but no damage is reported.

April 21. SACRAMENTO. Another earthquake shock was felt here 

at 9:42 o'clock this morning. No accidents have been reported. The 

State capitol building was slightly damaged. In the assembly chamber the ceiling was badly cracked, and two statues were thrown from 

their pedestals. Personal injuries were few.

April 21. STOCKTON. At 9:43 this morning Stockton was visited 

by another earthquake shock, which rattled the windows, swung chandelier's, and caused people to run into the streets. No damage was 

done.

April 21. WOODLAND.: At 9:46 this morning a low, rumbling 

sound warned the people of Woodland of the approach of another 

earthquake, and in less time than it takes to write it the streets were 

filled with frantic people rushing pell mell in search of a place of safety. 

The greatest confusion prevailed for some time, and even at this hour 

(8 p.m.) people are still walking the streets in evident dread of further 

disaster.

April 21. SAN FRANCISCO. The shock was felt with more or less 

severity at the following points: Colusa, Willows, Marysville, Elmira, 

Benica, Chico, Biggs, Merced, Livermore, and Haywards.

April 21. WINTERS. Another earthquake shock" this morning has 

almost completely laid Winters in ruins. Buildings that were damaged 

Tuesday are entire wrecks, and the streets are strewn with debris of 

the destroyed structures. Seven people were injured.

April 21. DIXON. At 9:45 this morning we had a very hard shock 

of earthquake. Buildings swayed, and the crashing of brick and 

noise was (At this juncture the operator who was sending this item 

added: "I can't stay here any longer, as this building is liable to fall 

any minute.")

April 21. MAXWELL. A heavy shock of earthquake was felt here
PERRINE.) CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 37

about 9:45 o'clock tliis morning, lasting thirty seconds, vibrations east 

to west. No damage was done, but many people are too scared to 

venture indoors.

April 21. SACRAMENTO. At 9:45 a. m. a severe shock of earthquake 

occurred. The duration was about nine seconds.

Many chimneys came crashing to the ground and glass doors and 

windows were badly shattered.

April 21. ESPARTO. A terrible shock of earthquake took place 

here this morning at 9:40 o'clock, completely leveling the brick portion 

of the town. Every brick chimney was thrown to the ground and 

wooden buildings were wrenched out of shape.

An engineer was seriously, if not fatally, injured by a portion of the 

walls of tha blacksmith shop falling on him.

Levy & Schwab's brick store is almost a complete wreck. The entire 

fire wall and part of the east and west walls are down. Loss to the 

building and contents, $5,000. The Barnes hotel suffered severely and 

has a hole 8 by 6 in the east wall. The bricks crashed through the 

roof and floor of the balcony and the cement walk was torn out of 

shape. The loss is $2,500.

April 21. SUISUN. The shock of earthquake this morning did great 

damage in this vicinity. The brick residence of J. M. Baldwin at 

Eockville was wrecked, while the stone mansion of L. B. Abernathie 

and those on the Barbour and Sproul ranches were rendered unsafe for 

occupancy. The stone church in Suisun valley was also greatly damaged. The plastering in the court-house was ruined, while the walls 

are considerably cracked. The front wall of the Masonic Temple was 

also damaged. The few brick chimneys in Snisun valley which, withstood the shock of Monday night were all toppled over this morning.

At 7:15 o'clock this evening another severe shock occurred and 

twenty minutes later another milder quake followed. All business 

houses were at once closed. The people are now thoroughly frightened.

April 21: HEALDSBURG. Another severe shock of earthquake was 

felt in this city at 9:45 o'clock this morning. The shock was fully as 

severe as the one felt on Tuesday morning.

April 21. CARSON, NEVADA. Two more earthquake shocks have 

been felt here to-day, one at 9:43 a. m. and another at 7:15 p. m. No 

material damage has been done in Carson by any of the three shocks.

April 21. EENO, NEVADA. A slight shock of earthquake was felt 

here this morning at 9:45.

April 21. SACRAMENTO. A couple of loose plaster statuettes on 

the wall of the capitol were thrown off and a small piece of plastering 

in one room fell. There was no other damage in this city except that 

two or three old chimneys tipped over. The shock did not exceed 

three seconds and was east to west and sharp.

April 21. LODI. Another shock of earthquake was felt here this 

morning about 9:4.5 o'clock which lasted for fully fifteen seconds. It
38 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

was not so hard as Monday night's shock. The oscillation was from 

northeast to southwest.

Another earthquake was felt here this, evening at 7:17 o'clock, causing every one in the brick buildings to leave in short order. The one 

this morning was so heavy it rang the school bell and shook buildings 

so hard that the plastering fell from several buildings, but none are 

badly damaged.

April 21. ACAMPO. Quite a severe earthquake shock occurred here 

at 9:45 o'clock this morning. The vibrations were from east to west, 

lasting about thirty seconds.

April 21. FRESNO. A sharp shock of earthquake was felt here at 

9:46 this morning. It was from northwest to southeast.

April 21. STOCKTON. Quite a heavy shock of earthquake was felt 

here this morning at 9:45, lasting about ten seconds. The vibrations 

were from north to south.

Another 'sharp shock of earthquake was felt this evening at 7:15 

o'clock. Crockery rattled in the dwellings and gas fixtures swung in 

the stores, but no damage was done.

April 21. LATHEOP. This place was visited by three distinct shocks 

to-day; two in quick succession this morning at 9:43 o'clock, and one 

this evening at 7:15 o'clock, lasting twenty-five seconds. No damage 

whatever resulted, but the people are beginning to feel nervous in anticipating the final result.

April 21. B.ENO, NEVADA. Mr. C. W. Irish reports an earthquake 

under this date as follows: "It occurred at 9:44:15 i 3s. a.m.. one hundred and twentieth meridian time, as given by the synchronized clock 

actuated by impulse from your observatory. The above observation is 

within the limit of error given. The direction of the movement was apparently from N. 40° W. to wards S. 40°E.j was gyratory, giving a sharp 

twist to chairs in which persons happened to be seated, and was accompanied by a muffled sound, which seemed to come from the summits 

of the Sierra Nevada mountains in the exact direction from which the 

waves came, and preceded them two or three seconds in time. The 

waves of motion were three in number, lasting about five seconds. No 

damage was done beyond throwing books from shelves and tables and 

the displacement of other articles of household furniture."

April 21. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holdeu. reports a shock at 

7:14: 59 p. in., P. S. T. Intensity=111 on the Eossi-Forel scale. It was 

stronger than this in San Jose. Registered on duplex seismograph. 

Started the clock of the larger machine at 7:31:23, P. S. T., p. m.

The duplex seismograph gives a tracing of the shock at 7:14:59 

p. m., with a displacement of the pen in an east and west direction of 

4.8 mm., and north and south of 2 mm. It also gives a tracing of the 

shock occuriug at 9:45 a. m., with a displacement of the pen in an east 

and west direction of 6 inm., and in a north and south direction of 

3-2 mm.
PEREINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 39

April 21. CARSON CITY, NEVADA. Prof. C. W. Friend sends tracings of two shocks occurring at 9:44 a. m. and 7:17 p. m., the former 

showing a displacement of the pointer of 24 mm. in a north and south 

direction, and of 25 mm. in an east and west direction, the latter having a displacement of the pointer of 4-5 mm. in a north and south direction, and 6 mm. in an east and west direction.

April 21. MILLS COLLEGE. Tracings from this station at 9:46 a.m. 

give a displacement of the pointer in an east and west direction of 

23 mm., and in a north and south direction of 16-5 mm. The tracing 

at 7:15 p.m. shows a displacement in a, northwest and southeast direction of 14 mm., and in a northeast and southwest direction of 7-5 inm.

April 21. OAKLAND. Chabot Observatory. Mr. Burckhalterreports 

a shock at 9:44 a. m., P. S. T., as timed by Mr. F. H. McConnell, lasting fifteen seconds, but doing no damage. The tracing shows a displacement of the pointer in an east and west direction of 14-5 mm., and in a 

north and south direction of 11 mm. Another shock is also reported as 

occurring at 7:15 p. m. ± 2 m.., with a duration of five or ten seconds, 

and causing no damage. The total displacement of the pointer in a 

southeast and northwest direction of 8-5 mm., and in a northeast and 

southwest direction of 3 min.

"April 21. WINTERS. I have just arrived here, after a 12-mile 

drive from Dixon, where I left the townspeople restlessly pacing in the 

middle of the streets, and in no way reassured by a sharp shock which 

happened precisely at the moment of the arrival of the evening train. 

The state of affairs in Dixon is bad enough, but in -Winters it is simply 

deplorable. All the lights are out for fear of fire j the hotels and even 

the saloons are closed, and at this moment a crowd of haggard-looking 

men and terror-stricken, women are standing around a car on Railroad 

avenue, awaiting the distribution of tents. No one dreams of sleeping 

in any brick house, and few of the frame houses are safe.

" The tents were those regularly used by the Fifth Artillery of Sacramento, and were put on board of the train leaving Sacramento at 6:05 

p. in. The railroad company gave the train the right of way to Elmira, 

and then it was run up to Vacaville, where, after depositing its quota 

for that town, it came on to Winters, arriving here at 9 o'clock.

"Two tourist cars came on the same train, having been sent by the 

railroad company from San Francisco for the accommodation of the 

homeless ones who can not get a tent. The work of setting up these 

tents is going on while I write. A few hand lamps seem only to make 

the darkness visible, and it is slow work at the best. There will be 

many who are too weary to set up the tents, and scores of people are 

stretched on the ground and even on the doorsteps, too tired to heed 

the danger of another shock.

. "To-day's trouble began at 9:40 a. m. The buildings which had been 

badly shaken by the Tuesday temblor collapsed at once, and those 

which had stood the test so long began to yawn, to creak, and to open
40 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

out in a manner terrible to witness. The north end of the Masonic 

Temple fell with a crash. Next, the Oradwick building fell in, and the 

Morrison building followed. All these structures are on the north side 

of Main street. On the opposite side the shock caused the Berthollet 

stone building to collapse, and the Humphreys building shared the same 

fate. The Devilbiss hotel, already badly shaken, caved in completely, 

the front of the bank building dropped, and the pier fell out.

"Among the victims of this shock were a man named Darby, who had 

his skull fractured and was sent to the county hospital at Woodland, 

and Miss Clara Jessen, a milliner, who was badly hurt by the falling of 

an awning from the Humphreys building. Among other buildings 

wrecked by the second shock was Wyatt's tailor store and Day & 

Wyatt's drug store, the stock in trade of which is a complete loss.

"In the vicinity of town several fine dwellings are utterly wrecked. 

Main street has been closed by ropes stretched across the end of it. 

The street is about 400 feet long, and most of the structures are of brick 

or brick and stone. Not one of them is left in a habitable condition, and 

it is needless to say that every article of glass and crockery all along 

this.street has been smashed to pieces. The railroad track is all right, 

and telegraphic communication has been uninterrupted, but there are 

many nasty cracks and fissures in the roadways, and driving is dangerous.

"The previous estimate of the damages of about $75,000 or $80,000 

will have to be increased about 50 per cent as the result of to-day's 

shock. The atmosphere is perfectly still, sultry, and oppressive. It 

may be fancy only, but one feels in breathing it a sense of impending 

calamity.

" The chief danger is from fire, and this has been guarded against as 

far as possible by a house-to-house inspection and a cry of u Lights 

out" wherever an offending glimmer is seen. Engineer Lechleiter has 

his steam pump and 500 feet of hose available for instant service but 

he is uneasy on account of the boiler. This morning the shock knocked 

the brickwork of the furnace into an unsightly heap, and steam is only 

kept up by a temporary furnace built up for the occasion and with the 

cracks stopped with clay.

"The hotels have been shut up entirely; in fact it is dangerous to 

enter them. A bakery and restaurant on Main street contains a supply 

of provisions, but it is as much as a man's life is worth to enter it. The 

proprietor, Peter Graham, has been feeding the people as well as he 

can during the day, but the street itself is closed in.

"It is quite unnecessary to add that nothing of an exaggerated or 

alarmist character has been infused into this dispatch. Things are so 

bad that exaggeration is well-nigh impossible.

"There has been no shock since that at 7:30 p. m., but the suspense 

is even worse than the shock. It is now 11 o'clock, and as I look down 

Railroad avenue I still see the weary ones struggling to put up the
PERRINE.) CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 41 

J

1 tents. By tlie light of to-morrow's sun the place will look like an eni campment in a ruined city.

: " It is midnight, and I have been one of a privileged few conducted 

by a watchman and a guard of honor through the town. The first object I was shown was the calaboose or jail. There was one man in it, 

a tramp, when the shock came. He escaped with his life and they let 

him go on general i>rinciples. The jail would be improved in appearance if it had a roof and walls.

"In the Cradwick building there were three women and a man when 

the shock came. The women escaped by the front door in the nick of 

time. The man was the poor fellow sent with a crushed skull to Woodland. The building itself is a heap of bricks, unsymmetrically piled in 

the center of the lot on which it stood. Morrison's hardware store, 

next door, has the walls standing, and that is all.

" By a side aUey Main street was reached, and here the havoc wrought 

could only be compared to the aspect of Paris during the last days of 

the Commune. The most furious bombardment could have done no 

more.

" Substantially built structures were demolished even more completely than those of lighter order. Some of the granite blocks lying 

on the sidewalk measured two feet by one, and as for safes and similar heavy objects, they had been tossed about like chaff.

" The encampment was visited of course. Some of the men were 

laughing for fear they should cry, and all of them preferred to sleep 

on the ground with a friendly blanket between them and mother earth, 

lest they should fall out of bed. Sixteen women were found sleeping 

in one tent.

"A large campfire had been lighted on the east side of the railroad 

and around this sat a number of figures. The tourist cars were not in 

the same favor as the tents and their tenants were not numerous.

"Every few yards one encountered melancholy specters walking 

about in the open streets, because, as they said, they wanted to be awake 

and have their wits about them when the next shock came.

"It is quite clear that the focus of to-day's disturbance has been 

shifted to the north, and has been located near Winters. Elmira and 

Vacaville got off lightly. The direction of the shocks has also perceptibly changed.

"It must have been a fearful shock. The sand bars in I'utah creek 

near Winters opened and from the fissures the water spurted high up 

on the banks. -In some places the creek became dry, in others it 

changed to a torrent. The banks caved in some places and almost 

dammed the stream.

"Some of the farmers say that the earthquake was foretold by the 

action of the fowls and animals. Horses were restive and neighing, 

chickens fluttered all about, and dogs whined anxiously for some minutes before the earth trembled. It was reported that several boiling
42 . EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL.]]!

springs had burst from the foothills on the north and west and were 

flowing steadily. Frame houses did not suffer much in Winters. 

What was in them was badly shaken up, but' the buildings held together 

as a rule.

" An old man in the west end of town was putting up a brick chimney. 

When the shake came he hugged the chimney and both went down together, the chimney fortunately underneath.

" On the Hotel Devilbiss a brick chimney was broken off close to the 

roof by the shock of the 19th and twisted halfway around. It was not 

broken more than that, and a couple of men easily twisted it back 

again and mortared it well. Yesterday's shock simply resolved that 

chimney into loose bricks and powdered mortar.

"The loftiest structures seemed to those looking on to have suffered 

most, as their walls fell outwardly, but in the one-story buildings the 

greatest havoc occurred, for the walls collapsed, burying valuable stock 

and furniture in the ruins. Some of the escapes from instant death 

were exceedingly narrow.

"In Mr. Clarke's restaurant, in the Cradwick building, a young 

man named Wick Darby was in the kitchen, and when the walls 

began to crumble he ran for life. He managed to reach the open air 

in the rear yard of the restaurant, but tons of falling brick enveloped him and threw him to the ground. Those who witnessed the 

accident ran quickly to his rescue and he was dragged to a place of 

safety. His injuries were very serious. He was sent to the county 

hospital at Woodland with all possible dispatch, but he shortly 

died of his injuries. In a solid stone structure a young lady named 

Clara Jessen had a narrow escape. She was in her millinery store 

when the shock came, and the big blocks of stone from Bertholet's 

building next door began to fall on the roof abovej she ran to the 

sidewalk, where a mass of falling bowlders struck the porch above her, 

carrying her to the ground, and before she could rise the upper front 

of the Bertholet building pitched forward into the street, the big 

stones rolling over her. Yet she was not hurt very much.

"The bank of Winters is now deserted. Its walls are fall of wide 

cracks, its front is bulged, and piles of bricks lie on the sidewalk. 

There is not a vestige of glass in the windows, and the stout beams 

which were placed beneath the doorways a day or two ago to uphold 

the badly strained building are all awry and look as if a quake 

of moderate caliber would cause them to snap. The bank will need to 

be entirely reconstructed, and $5,000 will barely cover the loss."

April 21. SAN JOSE. There was a very slight shock of earthquake 

felt in San Jose about 9:43 o'clock yesterday morning. It was one 

of only a couple of seconds' duration, and many did not feel it. The 

shock was a little more pronounced in San Francisco, and severe 

shocks were felt but no damage done at Grass Valley, Santa Eosa, 

Newcastle, Elmira, Oenterville, Fresno, Fairfield, Yuba, Mcolaus,
PERRINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 43

Stockton, Nevada City, St. Helena, Napa, Antioch, Spanishtown, 

Benicia, Cliico, Oroville, Biggs, Gearytown, Gold Eun, Bed Bluff, 

Sonoma, Auburn, Willows, Placerville, Downieville, Orland, and Maxwell. There was another light shock here at 7:15 last evening. It 

was hardly perceptible.

Shocks were also reported in the evening from San Eafael, Vacaville, Lodi, Beuicia, and other places in the state, and also from as far 

east as Carson, Nev. The tremors seemed to be very light and no 

damage was reported.

April 21. SACRAMENTO. There was another severe earthquake 

shock at 9:45 o'clock this morning, lasting twenty seconds. Buildings 

got a lively shaking and plastering fell from many ceilings.

Several old chimneys toppled over and much glassware was broken 

in the crockery stores. The state capitol building suffered. A large 

portion of one of the plaster statues over the portico, 150 feet from the 

ground, fell and struck 40 feet from the building. .The gigantic building trembled violently and the occupants in the state offices were 

badly frightened, and there was a general exodus of clerks.

It was discovered that a crack was made in the ceiling, extending 

from one end of the building to the other and going through the office 

of the superintendent of public instruction into the assembly chamber. The beautiful ceiling of the latter, which is formed of stucco 

work tipped with gold, was rent in places, as were also the Corinthian 

columns supporting the gallery. Books were thrown from the shelves 

and general disorder reigned.

The public schools were dismissed. All the pupils got out without 

treating a panic. A panic was narrowly averted in one of the public 

schools. When the shock was felt the children rushed to the doors, 

Intending to escape from the building. The teachers blocked their 

egress and several of the worst frightened children jumped through 

open windows. Fortunately no one was hurt. At the city prison the 

greatest excitement prevailed. A number of police officers rushed into 

the street, expecting the collapse of the old building. Jailer John 

McManus stood at his post, with key in hand, prepared to turn loose 

the prisoners in case the building showed signs of collapsing.

April 21. DIXON. At 9:4.0 this morning the people of Dixon were 

warned of the approach of another earthquake, and the streets were 

soon filled with people rushing out of buildings in search of a place of 

safety. Small shocks continued at intervals all day, and to-night the 

houses are nearly all deserted and people are walking the streets. 

They are afraid to retire, as they are in dread .of further disaster.

The brick buildings are still standing, but every shock cracks them 

worse, and people expect them to fall down. The frame buildings are 

receiving so much shaking that many of the occupants have fled to the 

country for safety.

In the country things are getting to be in a frightful condition.
44 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [nuu, 112.

Hardly a farmhouse has escaped injury, and many of them have been 

moved off their foundations. Most of the occupants have put up tents 

out in the fields and now consider themselves safer. It seems that 

every shock frightens the people more. Eeports of damage coming in 

to-day place the losses much higher than al. first estimated, and it is 

now considered that $100,000 will not cover the loss.

April 21. SANTA ROSA. Santa Rosa received a severe earthquake 

shock at 9:40 a. m. to-day. The vibrations Avere from east to west, and 

asted fully fifteen seconds. A deep rumbling sound was heard just 

before the first movement was felt, which frightened many persons. 

There were five vibrations, increasing in intensity to the last, which 

cracked many brick buildings and precipitated a good deal of plaster 

to the floor. In two places brick walls were slightly bulged out, iron 

columns moved, and in some parts of the town chimneys were wrecked.

Many think that the shocks of to-day were much severer than were the 

shocks of Tuesday morning. The rumble of the earthquake was preceded by perfect stillness in the atmosphere, resembling the ominous 

calm that foretells the approach of the dreaded cyclone.

The court-house was slightly damaged and everybody in it more or 

less frightened.

April 21. STJISUN. Two severe shocks of earthquake and one or 

two slight ones were experienced here to-day. The first heavy shock 

occurred about 9:40 a. m. and the next at 7:15 p. m. Although not 

so severe as that of Tuesday morning, they have terrified the people. 

All the stores were closed at 7:30 o'clock in the evening. Plaster was 

torn from many buildings, window panes were broken, clocks stopped, 

and many chimneys thrown down.

April 21. MADISON. The town was again shaken by the heaviest 

shock that has been felt, at 9:48 this morning. The total damages

are about $10,000. The town would not stand another shock like that 

of this morning.

April 21. CHILE. Special cables to the New York Herald from Santiago, Chile, under date April 21, say that during the past week 

details were received of severe and light earthquake shocks at Taltaval,. 

Serena, and several coast towns.

April 21. TUBA CITY. At 9:43 o'clock this morning an earthquake 

occurred here, but it was not quite so heavy as that of Tuesday. Several clocks were stopped, but no damage occurred.

April 21. JSTiGOLATJS. An earthquake occurred here at 9:48 o'clock. 

The vibration was northeast to southwest. Its duration was twenty 

seconds.

April 21. NEWCASTLE. There was a slight earthquake shock here 

about 5 o'clock this morning and another at 9:43 o'clock. No damage 

was reported.

April 21. ST. HELENA. A very perceptible earthquake occurred
'PERRINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 45

here at 9:40 o'clock this morning, sending the people into the streets 

and stopping clocks. No damage was done.

April 21. FAIRFIELD. The principal damage by the earthquake in 

this vicinity is the almost total wreck of the Fairfield M. E. Church, 

a brick building 40 by 60, built in 1861, at a cost of $10,000. The belfry

 is demolished, the walls cracked and sprung, and will have to be taken 

down. Many chimneys fell and considerable plastering was thrown 

down. Several houses were badly injured.

April 21. RED BLUFF. Two perceptible earthquake shocks were 

felt here this morning. The first was very slight and occurred about 

8:10 o'clock. The second stopped several clocks at 9:45 o'clock.

April 21. WILLOWS. Another heavy earthquake was felt here at 

9:43 o'clock to-day.

April 21. ORLAND. Another slight earthquake was felt here at 

10:45 o'clock this morning. The. vibrations Avere northeast and southwest. It was of eight seconds' duration.

April 22. ESPARTO. Another shock occurred here at 7 o'clock last 

night and a slight tremor at 2 o'clock this morning. A force of men

 are at work tearing away the debris, and all the damaged buildings 

will be repaired immediately. Five thousand dollars will cover the 

total loss.

April 22. DIXON. At 7:20 o'clock last night we had another sharp 

shock, but not as hard as the one in the morning. There were several 

more tremors during the night, but no further damage done. The people are still greatly excited and very few wenj; to bed last night.

April 22. WOODLAND. Dunuigan, Blacks, and Yolo, all experienced slight shocks last night,'but no further damage is reported.

April 22. MADISON. Slight shocks of earthquake were felt here at 

7 o'clock last night arid at 2 o'clock this morning. Workmen are busy 

repairing Mills & Haines's store. The total loss here is estimated at 

$5,000.

April 29. GRASS VALLEY. An earthquake shock lasting ten seconds 

was felt here at 4:10 o'clock this afternoon. No damage was done.

April 29. MARYSVILLE. A slight earthquake shock was felt here at 

4:06 o'clock this afternoon.

April 29. YACAVILLE. A sharp shock of earthquake was felt at 

4:07 o'clock this afternoon, but did no damage. It caused the temporary suspension of work of repairing the damaged buildings. The 

timid living in tents will continue their out-door life.

April 29. WOODLAND. Another shock of earthquake was felt here 

at about 4:10 o'clock this afternoon. The vibrations seemed to be 

north and south. No damage is reported.

April 29. DAVISVILLE. At 4:11 o'clock another shock was felt here, 

although slight. No damage was done, except that some bricks fell 

from the Odd Fellows' building, which were shaken loose by the first 

shock last week.
46 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. rnnLL.112.

April 29. PETALUMA. This afternoon about 4 :05 o'clock quite a 

sharp earthquake shock was felt. The vibrations were east to west.

April 29. WINTERS. An earthquake shock was felt here this afternoon at 4:10 o'clock. No damage was done, although the people generally were alarmed. Tho shock lasted about five seconds.

April 29. SANTA ROSA. A very distinct earthquake shock was felt 

here at 4:10 o'clock this afternoon. The vibrations were from east to 

west and were of about eight seconds' duration.

April 29. SAN EAFAEL. A slight shock of earthquake was felt here 

this afternoon at 4:10 o'clock.

April 29. NAPA. A short, sharp shock of earthquake was felt here 

at 4:10 o'clock this afternoon. The vibrations were from north to 

south. JSTo damage.

April 29. FAIRFIELD. At 4:10 o'clock this afternoon a heavy shock 

of earthquake was felt. No damage was done, but the county officials 

all ran out of the courthouse, as the walls are sprung. Workmen are 

repairing them.

April 29. BENICIA. A very severe shock of earthquake occurred 

here about 4:10. So far no damage is reported.

April 29. STOCKTON. At 4:08 o'clock this afternoon a light shock 

of earthquake, lasting twenty seconds, was felt here.

April 29. HAYWARDS. Two sharp shocks of earthquake were felt 

here this afternoon, one occurring at about 4, and the other at 7:35 

o'clock. The vibrations were from east to west in each case.

April 29. SAN LEANDRO. A sharp earthquake shock was -felt here 

at 7:30 o'clock this evening. It was a "twister," seeming to come 

from all points of the compass. The duration was about 1£ seconds.

April 29. SAN FRANCISCO. At ten minutes past 4 o'clock this afternoon a slight earthquake shock was felt here, but no damage was done.

May 11. MOUNT HAMILTON. The duplex seismograph shows a displacement of the pen of 1'5 mm. in a northeast and southwest direction, 

and of 2.5 mm. in northwest and southeast direction, the time recorded 

by Prof. Holden, 9:48:32 p. m., P. S. T. Intensity = IV on the EossiForel scale.

May 28. ONTARIO. There were two light earthquake shocks this 

morning. The first was at 3:15 o'clock and the second five minutes 

later. They were heavy enough to stop clocks. The course of the 

wave was northeast and southwest.

May 28. SANTA ANA. Earthquake shocks were felt here between 2 

and 3 o'clock this morning. The first shock was quite heavy and lasted 

a minute or more.

May 28. SAN BERNARDINO. Two shocks of earthquake were felt 

here this morning at 3:15 and 3:20 o'clock. The first shock was very 

heavy, throwing down dishes and stopping clocks. The second was 

much lighter. The vibrations were from east to west.
PEEEINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 47

June 9. INDEPENDENCE. Mr. 0. Mulholland reports a disturbance 

under this date occurring at 3:40 p. m. A rumbling sound was heard 

and was almost immediately followed by the shock, which had an 

undulatory movement from north to south. A strong north wind had 

been blowing all day and continued after the shock. Weather partially 

cloudy and unusually cold for the season. The building shook so as to 

make all loose things rattle, but no harm was done. No damage 

appears to have been done in the town. Only one shock was felt and 

that was of short duration, probably lasting not longer than two 

seconds.

June 14. EIVERSIDE. The heaviest earthquake felt here in many 

months occurred this morning at 5:30 o'clock. No damage was clone.

June 14. SANTA ANA. A shock of earthquake lasting nearly thirty 

seconds was felt here this morning. The vibrations were from east

to west.

June 14. POMONA. There was a sharp earthquake here at 5:25 

o'clock this morning. It lasted a few seconds.

June 14, SAN DIEGO. At 5:17 o'clock this morning there was a quite 

perceptible earthquake shock in this city and county. No "damage 

was done.

June 14. SAN BERNAKDINO. A slight earthquake was experienced 

here this morning at 5:20 o'clock, lasting at least twenty seconds. It 

was not severe, but the shaking lasted unusually long. The vibrations 

were from northwest to southeast.

' June 22. HOLLISTER. Two slight shocks of earthquake were felt 

here last night.

June 22. SAN DIEGO. Messrs. Eose and Eikert, when on a prospecting expedition in the Santa Clara Valley, near Alamo, Lower California, 

last Friday, noticed two peaks four miles to the north alternately 

spouting smoke and flames at short intervals. The eruption was 

accompanied by rumbling sounds and an occasional quiver of the 

ground.

Though frightened, they stopped long enough to satisfy themselves 

that two veritable volcanoes had opened. Later travelers report the 

volcanoes real, but not so active as at first. The region is undoubtedly 

volcanic, sulphur springs being in the vicinity, where the waters are so 

strongly impregnated that horses refuse to drink.

July 9. SAN FRANCISCO. San Francisco was shaken this morning 

by a remarkable series of explosions. The giant powder works at 

Highland Station, fully fifteen miles away, across the bay, exploded, 

completely wiping out the works, killing five men, wounding more than 

a score, and causing the effect in this city and Oakland of a severe 

earthquake.

Nothing like the effects of the great shock has ever been known here. 

The shock caused a rush of. air like the first breath of a?tornado. Then
48 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. LBULL. 112.

came a series of shocks attended by a dull roar, like the discharge of 

heavy artillery at sea. Hundreds rushed otft of tall buildings and 

hotels, pale with fear. Broken glass fell all about them. Scores of 

heavy plate-glass show windows came crashing into the streets.

The heavy earthquake several months ago was not so terrifying a 

shock as this. The high new office buildings swayed perceptibly. In 

old structures plaster fell from the walls and all movable articles on 

shelves came tumbling to the ground. Seven minutes after the first 

shock same another, even more severe, which shattered windows all 

over town, rocked buildings, blew in skylights, broke plate glass on 

Montgomery avenue, Montgomery street, Kearney street, and other 

thoroughfares, and caused people to rush into the streets as though an 

earthquake was about to tumble all buildings about their ears. The 

consternation was still at its height when two more shocks followed, 

little less severe than the terrific one which had just been felt. Glass 

rattled into streets all over the city, and not a few buildings came 

near collapsing.

The men in the tower of the fire-alarm station were sure that structure was going to go down. At the Palace hotel there was great fear 

among the guests, and all over the city there was alarm. No one knew 

what had happened, but all were fearful that a terrible calamity had 

occurred. They dreaded to hear the news.

The motion was entirely unlike that of earthquakes, and all who have 

lived here for any length of time knew at once that it must be due to 

the explosion of one of the powder works across the bay. Soon a great 

pillar of fire and a cloud of smoke indicated the location of the disaster. 

Investigation showed that the giant powder works at Highland Station 

had exploded, and this had involved the Judson Chemical Works, near 

by. At this writing three white men are known to be killed, two Chinese 

are dead, and about twenty Chinese are badly wounded. The explosions started in a nitro-glycerine tank about fifty yards from all the 

other buildings at the works.

What caused this will never be known, for the men who were in the 

building were blown into fragments. All that saved the 150 who were 

at work in the outer buildings was the interval between the original 

explosion and the next. This was six minutes, and in this time all the 

hands, white and Chinese, made a rush over the neighboring hill to put 

that elevation between themselves and the awful death that they knew 

was so near at hand.

The force of the first explosion was heavy, but it was slight compared with the others. First, the powder-mixing house, about a rod 

from the nitro-glycerine house, went up in a shot of flame and with a 

roar that could be heard clear across the bay.

A moment later a storehouse followed, also about one rod distant. 

The houses all caught from the flames, but full 100 rods farther, over a
PERMNE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 49

little Mil, were three great magazines of giant powder, black powder, 

and dynamite, all of which were exploded by the concussion. The 

first three explosions had been heavy, but they were dwarfed by the 

terrific effect of the blowing up of the first magazine, which contained 

350 tons of giant powder. This enormous amount of explosive was in 

a brick house about 30 by 140 feet, and 20 feet high; lying close to the 

bank, near the water's edge. In quick succession followed the blowing up 

of a magazine containing 150 tons of black powder and another containing an unknown amount of dynamite. These terrific explosions caused so 

great a shock that a large pile of sulphur on a neighboring wharf was 

set on fire by the concussion and a vessel that was unloading it was 

allowed to drift away to save it from the same fate. The force of the 

explosion wrecked the strong wooden buildings of the Judson Chemical Works a quarter of a mile away. The walls fell in, and the chemicals began to blaze fiercely. Within one hour the large plant of both 

works was totally destroyed.

The only building of the powder works remaining is a large magazine 

of gun cotton which the firemen are trying to save. It stands SOine 

distance from the scene of the explosion. It will probably not explode. 

No greater scene-of desolation could be conceived than that presented 

after theexplosion. Every thing belonging to the buildings was smashed 

into matchwood.

Over the little hill were the cottages of workmen and residences of 

Judson and his superintendent. Here most curious freaks were seen. 

One whole side of Judson's house was ripped off, and the plastering 

was all torn off and covered his fine furniture. In the other house the 

main stairway was twisted completely around, and one chimney had 

also been whirled completely about, the top falling off outside. All the 

little cottages were wrecked so badly that they can never be repaired. 

All that can be done is to tear them down./ The escape of the inmates 

was miraculous. Only one boy was seriously hurt. He had his arm 

broken.

No one can explain the great force with which the explosion was felt 

in Oakland and San Francisco. The three powder magazines are 

located near the bay, at the foot of a-little hill. Before the explosion 

they were about ten feet above the water level. After the explosion a 

great hole was found in the bank, and loose dirt was piled up.

Fully twenty Chinese were badly hurt. Some Avere taken up by rush 

of air after the explosion and thrown fifty feet. Others had eyes blown 

out or ears torn off. Several had one side of the head made raw -and 

bleeding from the flame which came so near ending their lives.

HOAV the loss of life was confined to so few is not understood. Chinamen are distributed all over the grounds formerly occupied by the 

buildings and were huddled together as closely as possible. From none 

of them could an accurate description be obtained. The escape from 

death was wonderful. A good idea of the situation was obtained from 

Bull-112 4
50 s EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892, [BOLL. 112.

Thomas E. Grady, employed in the vitriol works a short distance from 

the magazines containing tons of black and giant powder.

"My idea of the explosion," said he, " is that the first shock came 

from the nitroglycerine works, in which a number of Chinese were employed, together with Dickerson, Bowe. and Gabertie. It was severe 

enough to shake buildings all around. The windows rattled at a fearful rate. Fearing something serious had happened, I rushed from the 

house, and my first thought was of my sister, Mrs. Carter, and her little 

babe. I rushed toward the house, and as I did one of the magazines 

exploded. I was thrown flat on my face, but was not unconscious. 

Eecovering my feet I made another start for house, and, grabbing the 

baby and hall pushing my sister out of doors, made for open air. I 

could hardly see the smoke had not cleared away and during my endeavor to locate myself the second magazine exploded. I lost hold of 

Mrs. Carter and was again thrown to the ground. A general wreck followed the explosion of the magazines, and timbers of all the houses 

were wrecked in less time than it takes to tell. George Carter was 

blown through a window of the engine house and escaped without injury. 

Egbert Judson and his nephew, Charley Judson, were driving past blackpowder magazine when the explosion came. Both were hurled from 

their vehicle to the ground, but were not seriously injured. The buggy 

was smashed to atoms."

One of the largest windows broken in San Francisco was that on the 

south side of the First National Bank building, corner of Bush arid 

Sansome streets. The Baldwin Hotel was damaged, and windows on 

several floors were smashed to pieces. The two panes of plate glass 

in the windows of the San Francisco clearing house, at 211 Sansome 

street, were the largest in the city. The one on the south side was 

shattered into small pieces, and the pane on the north side was uninjured. They were Seven-Sixteenths of an inch thick, and each cost $600. 

The glass in most of the windows of the American sugar refinery was 

broken.

July 9. ALAMEDA. The explosion of the giant-powder works made 

a record on my seismograph, the maximum displacement of the pen in 

a north and south direction being 4 mm. and 'in an east and west 

direction 4 mm. (C. D. Perrine.)

July 9. EAST OAKLAND. Mr. F. G. Blinu reports that his seismograph was not in working order, owing to the fact that the soil is adobe, 

and as it had not been irrigated for some time the working of the soil 

caused the pen to creep so much that any attempt at records was 

abandoned. After the powder works explosion the pen was found off 

the plate on the east side making a nearly straight line, and this would 

indicate a motion of the ground to the west. (The powder works were 

about northwest.). A pipe lying on a shelf in the observatory was 

thrown on the floor to the east, thus confirming the motion of the seismograph. There was an item in the San Francisco Evening Bulletin
CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. 51 c

saying that the sealing schooner Emma and Louise, then 150 miles off 

shore, felt the shock heavily, and it was thqught she had struck a rock.

July 9. OAKLAND. Mr. Chas. Burckhalter reports that the seismograph at the Ohabot Observatory showed a V-shaped mark about 4 mm. 

in height.

July 16. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holden reports a shock at 

12:6:34i p. m. P. S. T. Intensity = III on the Kossi-Forel scale. The 

duplex seismograph shows a small mark about 1-5 mm. north and 

south by 1 mm. east and west.

July 24. COLTON. The San Francisco Examiner reports a shock 

of earthquake at this point at 6 a. m.

July 26. NAPA. "A heavy shock" at 2:10 a. m. Vibrations north 

to south. No daniage.

July 26. PETALUMA. "Quite a lively shock." Vibrations east to

west.

July 26. SAN FRANCISCO. A slight shock 2 a. m.

July 26. MOUNT HAMILTON. The duplex seismograph shows a 

light shock, the displacement of the pen in a north and south direction being 1 mm. and in an east and west direction 2 mm. The shock 

was not felt by any one.

August 1 or 2. MOUNT HAMILTON. A shock occurred August 1 or 

2 and was found recorded on both seismographs, not being of sufficient 

intensity to start the Ewing instrument, and no one felt it. Displacement of duplex pen northwest and southeast, 4 mm. Almost a straight 

line.

August 2 or 3. MOUNT HAMILTON. Another slight shock was found 

recorded by the duplex, but was again unfelt by any one here. Displacement of pen east and west, 3 mm. Almost a straight line.

August 5, 6. MOUNT HAMILTON. A slight shock was found registered by the duplex seismograph, but felt by no one. Displacement 

of pen north and south, 2 mm. East and west, 1 mm.

August 8-9. MOUNT HAMILTON. A slight shock was found registered 

by the duplex instrument, but unnoticed by any one. Displacement of 

pen north and south, 1-5 mm.; east and west, 2-5 mm.

August 18. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holden reports a shock estimated at intensity V of the E. F. scale as occurring at 8:8:27 p. in. rt 3s 

or 4s P. S. T. 8:8: 23 p. m. standard Pacific time: a diffused shock 

extending three or four seconds; fairly heavy. Time refers to about 

middle of shock. (E. E. Barnard.)

August 24. MOUNT HAMILTON. 12:22:14 P. S. T. Decided shock 

of one or one and'one-half seconds duration. Examining Mars at the 

time. Image of the planet jumped through five or six seconds. The 

shock consisted of three or four jerks or jars. The motion seemed to 

be vertical in the telescope. The shock was felt outside of the telescopic vibration. (E. E. Barnard).

August 25. MOUNT HAMILTON. The duplex seismograph shows a
.52 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFOKNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

slight shock> the displacement of the pen being 2 mm. in a north and 

south direction and 1-5 mm. in an east and west direction. 

 August 28. SEATTLE, WASHINGTON. A volcanic eruption of great 

magnitude took place on one of the Aleutian islands, Alaska, on August 

28. Black Peak, a mountain of great height between Ohignik canneries 

on the Aleutian islands, and Oonangashik, a station of the Alaska Commercial Company, is supposed to be the volcano in action.

A letter received from Olef M. Olson, sailing master of the schooner 

Clara, of Sitka, formerly the Ethel, of San Diego, dated from Sand 

Point, Alaska, September 8, gives the following points:

"On Sunday, August 28, the eruption took place. The Clara was 

lying at anchor in Chignik bay abreast of the canneries, and observed 

a beautiful cloud. It first made its appearance at 4 o'clock in the 

morning, rose straight in the air from behind the mountains in the 

southwest until at an angle of about 35°, when it lost its beautiful color, 

which was blue, and seemed to burst lightly. It remained until after 

noon, when it got perfectly black.

''The barometer was all the time steady at 30. About 11 o'clock the 

earth was shaken heavily. Accompanying the shock were thunder and 

lightning, which continued all that day and all the evening.

"Monday morning when I came on deck my mouth and nose were 

filled with some stuff that fell heavy and thick about us. The air itself 

was fall of sulphur smoke, w'hich even permeated the cabin, and the 

decks were covered with fully 2 inches of black sand. Nothing could 

be cooked because of it. It penetrated everywhere.

"At noon when the stuff was getting lighter we could see the cannery. We went ashore and found everything one color, black.

"The schooner Nettie, of Sand Point, coming from Vossnessensky, 

reported tha,t the storekeeper, N. Zwian, had seen on the da,y of the 

eruption rocks on fire thrown, in the air at an angle of 20° in the direction of Portage bay, which seemed to be a mass of fire and flames. 

The Alaska Commercial Company's steamer St. Paul experienced the 

same shower of sand 250 miles off shore that day.

"On Monday afternoon some stuff, different from what fell on us the 

night before, came down from the direction of the mountain known as 

Black peak, between Chignik and Oonangashik. It appeared more 

like burned paper.

"The following day, Tuesday, another light shower fell the whole 

afternoon. Chignik bay itself had a muddy appearance and all the 

high grass was knocked down by the heavy sand. It will take some 

time for the glaciers to get their natural color. The fall was heaviest 

on Monday morning between 2 and 4 o'clock."

August 31. INDEPENDENCE. Mr. C. Mulholland reports a shock 

occuring at 5 p. in. It was quite sharp and was preceded, three 

or four seconds, by a sound like distant thunder. There appeared to 

be three or four sharp vibrations coming from the south, from which
PERRINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. . 53

direction a moderate breeze was blowing at the time. No reports of 

any damage have been received, and it is not thought to be heavy 

enough to cause any harm.

September 8. PETALUMA. This morning about 4:45 o'clock a light 

shock of earthquake passed through Petaluma. The vibration seemed 

to be from east to west.

September 15. DUTCH HARBOR, ALASKA. The origin of the immense 

cloud of volcanic dust which was reported by Capt. Erskiue as having 

passed over the steamer St. Paul on her last trip up to Oonalaska, and 

which lie estimated to be more than 100 miles in extent, has been definitely ascertained. The sea otter hunting schooner Everett Hayes 

arrived here last week from the Shumagiu Islands, and from her owner, 

I. J. Applegate, the following particulars of the eruption of a new volcano have been obtained:

On Sunday, August 28, the Hayes put into a small harbor known as

Ivauef bay at the extreme western end of the Alaskati peninsula, and 

anchored for the purpose of securing fresh water and of allowing the 

crew to hunt for deer. The position of the schooner, as estimated by 

Mr. Applegate, was in lat. 55° 52' north arid long. 159° 20' west. The 

weather at the time of anchoring was calm and clear. About midnight 

of the 27th the crew of the schooner were aroused by a subdued rumbling noise, which sounded not unlike the steady breaking of surf on the 

beach. Knowing that such a noise would hardly be heard in the 

inclosed bay, the captain and Mr. Applegate went on deck to ascertain, 

if possible, the cause of the disturbance. The night was then calm 

and clear and not a thing could be seen, so that the two watchers 

returned to their bunks with the mysterious noise still unexplained.

About 2 o'clock a. m. the mate of the vessel went on deck and shortly 

afterward reported seeing what appeared to be a small black cloud low 

down in the northwestern sky. The rumbling noise now gradually 

increased in volume and soon the whole sky was filled with dense volumes of smoke.

Before daylight the crew of the schooner saw a vast column of smoke 

suddenly shoot straight up to a distance of a mile into the clear atmosphere and then slowly expand in the form of an immense cauliflower 

from 10 to 12 miles in diameter. From the lower edges and periphery 

of this black cloud blinding flashes of lightning shot downward 

toward the base of the column, and the air was filled with almost continuous and deafening detonations as if of thunder. The display was 

magnificent beyond description. It lasted until daylight.

Feeling that the vicinity was anything but pleasant or safe the 

schooner got under way as early as possible Monday morning, and made 

her way out into the open waters of the Pacific. A brisk northerly wind 

swept the smoke cloud clear of the schooner, but the country to the 

southward must have been covered for miles with ashes and cinders, which fell like a heavy rain from the.cloud. At Metrofem, a
54 EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. [BULL. 112.

small native settlement 80 or .90 miles away, the inhabitants witnessed 

the eruption and distinctly heard reverberations of the thunder, and 

at all the islands lying to the southward of the peninsula quantities of 

dust and cinders fell during the greater part of three days.

The exact locality and appearance of the new volcano could not be 

obtained, for the reason that it is inland some 30 miles, as estimated 

by Mr. Applegate, and hidden from view by the higher mountains 

which border the sea. It must, however, be of considerable extent, as 

there can be no doubt now that the rain of volcanic dust which fell on 

the decks of the St. Paul during five hours of August 28 came from 

the new volcano. The scientific public will, of course, be anxious to 

learn more about this new eruption, but at present it is doubtful if any 

power on earth would induce any of the natives to visit the spot. In 

connection with this upheaval it is of interest to recall the fact previously noted by the Chronicle correspondent of the unusual activity of 

all the volcanoes situated along this part of the Aleutian islands during 

this season.

On September 23, while the revenue-cutter Rush was cruising in the 

vicinity of Akutan island, the volcano situated thereon suddenly 

opened up its hidden batteries, and blast after blast of dark purple 

smoke shot upwards from the crater to a distance of nearly 1,000 feet, 

accompanied by a rumbling noise like distant thunder. At the same 

instant, as was subsequently ascertained, a distinct earthquake shock 

 something very unusual in this region was felt at Oonalaska, 30 

miles away. Attempts were made to photograph the volcano while in 

a state of eruption, but owing to want of light the results were not very 

satisfactory.

September 25. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holden reports a shock of 

slow period and iuteusity=III of the K. F. scale, as occurring at 2:10:43 

p, m,, P. S. T. The duplex seismograph shows a displacement of the 

pen of 9 mm. in north-northeast and south-southwest direction with a 

displacement of the pen at right angles to this of 3 mm.

September 25. MILLS COLLEGE. Prof. Keep sends a tracing of the 

shock occurring at 2:10 p. m. in which the greatest displacement is in 

a north-northeast and south-south west direction, and appears to be 

about 11-5 mm. and at right angles to this the displacement is only 3 nun.

September 25. ALAMEDA. A shock of earthquake estimated at about 

Y of the R-F. scale occurred at 2:11 p. m., the chandeliers swaying for 

several minutes. The duplex seismograph gives a record in which the 

displacement of the pen in a northwest and southeast direction, measures 77 mm., which is probably exaggerated, although the greatest disturbance was noticed to be in this direction. The displacement of the 

pen in the northeast and southwest direction is 20 mm. (C. D. Perrine).

October 26. SAN BERNARDINO. A slight shock of earthquake was 

felt here this morning at 7:05 o'clock. The vibration was from north 

to south.
PERRINE.] CHRONOLOGIC RECORD. ' 55

October 30. MOUNT HAMILTON. 12:17:12 a. m., P. S. T.; southeast to northwest; two slight shocks two seconds apart. l4itensity=III. 

(W. W. Campbell).

The duplex seismograph gives a record of about 2 mm. in both the 

north and south and east and west directions.

October 80. INDEPENDENCE. Mr. 0. Mulholland reports a shock 

. occurring at 11:53 a. m. The shock was quite heavy and appeared to 

come from the Sierras about 6 miles west of the town, but the greatest 

motion appeared to be vertical or nearly so. Only one shock was felt. 

The earth rumbling was not very noticeable owing to the rattling of the 

building. The air was quite still and the sky nearly covered with 

clouds. No damage is reported.

November 13. MOUNT HAMILTON. Prof. Holden reports two shocks 

of earthquake close together of intensity Y of the E.-F. scale.

Time of the second shock 4:45:14 a. m. The duplex seismograph 

gives a condensed tracing 4:5 mm. by 3:5jnm. The plate is not 

orientated. Mr. Townley, who was photographing in the Crocker dome 

at the time of the shock, noted the time as 4:44:41, P. S. T.

November 13. BERKELEY. "The earthquake of Sunday was hardly 

felt here. Yery small vibration. Record on duplex and Ewing, but 

vibration not strong enough to start the seismograph." (A. O. Leuschner).

November 13. MILLS COLLEGE. Prof. Keep sends a tracing of the 

earthquake as .occurring at 4:46 a. m., showing a displacement of the 

pen of 12 mm. in a north-east and south-west direction, and 8 mm. in a 

northwest and southeast direction.

November 13. ALAMEDA. A slight shock of earthquake occurred at 

4:48 a. m., giving a tracing on the duplex seismograph, which begins 

with a displacement of the pen of about 5 mm. toward the southeast 

and end with a number of tremors covering an area 2 mm. in a north 

and south direction by 1:5 mm. in an east and west direction. (C. D. 

Perrine.)

November 13. PETALUMA. About a quarter to 5 o'clock this morning a lively shock of earthquake passed through Petalurna. The vibrations were from north to south.

November 13. GILROY. A very heavy earthquake shock was felt 

here this morning at 4:45 o'clock. It was of several seconds' duration. 

Clocks were stopped and small articles thrown down. No damage was 

done to buildings.

November 13. HOLLISTER. An unusually severe shock of earthquake was felt here about 4:45 o'clock this morning. The heavy shock 

was followed by three of less severity. Aside from the falling of plaster 

no material damage was done.

November 13. SALINAS. At about 4:30 o'clock this morning a heavy 

earthquake was felt here, doing considerable damage to large window
56 EARTHQUAKER IN CALIFORNIA IN 1892. ' [BULL. 112.

lights, glassware, and crockery. The vibrations were from northeast 

southwest. They lasted fully forty seconds.

November 13. MONTEREY. An extremely lengthy and heavy shock 

of earthquake was felt in this city at 4:45 o'clock this morning. The 

vibration was north and south. It rattled large buildings as if they 

were chips, shaking crockery and glassware off the shelves, cracking 

chimneys and playing havoc in general. The oldest citizens say that 

they have never experienced such a heavy tremor as they felt this 

morning, the shock being of ten seconds' duration and followed by 

smaller ones.

November 13. SAN RAFAEL. A shock of earthquake was felt 

here at 4:46 this morning, the vibrations lasting eleven seconds. The 

movement was from north to south. v
N D E X.

Page. 

Acampo.................................. 38

Alamedit.............................. 28,50,54,55

Alaska,................................... 53-54

Aiitioch.................................. 20

Astoria, Oregon .......................... 11

Auburn.................................. 25

Beaumont................................ 13

Benicia ..................................26,35, -1C

Berkeley................................. 55

Biggs....................................27,33-34

Capay.................................... 2!)

Carson City, Kov .....................11, 28,37,30

Cbico .................................... 25,33

Cliilo...................................... 44

Colton . ................................. 51

Colusa................................... 26-27

Davisvillc................................26, 32,45

Dixon.................... .20-4-1 :1., 31-32, 36,43-44,45

Drytown................................. 14

Dutch Harbor, Alaska................... 53-51

East, Oakland............................ 50-51

Elmira............................. v ... .26,31,33

Esparto............................... .28-29,37,45

Fail-Held ..............................29, 3), 45,40

Folsom.................. w .............. 20

Fresuo.................................... 27, 38

tiilroy ................................... 55

Grass Valley..........................25,31,33,45

Hay wards................................ 46

llealdsburg.............................. 20,37

Hollister................................. 47,55

Independence.........................47,52-53. 55

Indio..................................... 13

Latbrop .M ............................... 38

Lodi..................................... 37-38

Madison ................................. 44,45

Marcuse.................................. 30?

Martinez.................................29, 31,35

Marysville ................................ 26, 33, 45

Maxwell................................. 36-37

Merced................................... 2U

Mills College.............................39,54, 55

Miltoii.................................... 30

Monterey ................................ 50

Mount Hamilton.... 11,14,15,38,46, 51, 51-52, 54, 55

Page. 

Nnp'a .....................14,29,30,31, 35-30,40, 51

Nevada City .............................20,31, 33

Newcastle ............................... 44

Nicolaus ................................. 20, 44

Oakland ................................. 39,51

Omaha, Ncbr ............................. 11

Ontario ...... .*...........................1 3,14, 46

Orland ................................... 27,45

Palm Springs ........... ................ 13

Petalnma .................14, 27,30, 36,46, 51, 53, 55

Placervillo............................... 30,33

Pomona.................................. 13, 47

Portland, Oregon ........................ 11,14

Eed Bluff................................ 45

Ei-no, Nev ............................27-28, 37,38

.Riverside .... I........................... 47

Sacramento .....................27, 31, 35, 36, 37,43

St. Helena ............................... 44-45

Salem, Oregon-........................... 11

Saliwas.-................................. 55-56

San Be.riiardino..........................46,47,54

San Diego..........................12-13.13-14,47

San Francisco .. 11-15,15-18,18, 34, 30,46,47-50. 51 

San Jose .................................28,42-43

San Luandro ............................. 46

San Eafael............................30, 36, 46, 56

Santa Ana ............................13. l-l, 40,47

Santa Eosa ..............................29,44.46

Seattle, "Wash............................ 52

Smith Creek ............................. 28

Sonorna .................................. 30

fetockton........................25-26, 31 36,38 4S

Suisun................................27, 31, 37.44

Tacoma, Wash.......................... 14

TJkiah.................................... 30

Vacavillo ........................18-20, 30, 34-35 45

Vallejo................................... 30

Virginia, oSTev............................ 28

Visalia................................... 13

Wbeatland............................... 27

Willows ................................. 28,45

Winters .................. 23-25.31, 32, 30, 39-42. 4fi

Woodland ......................25, 31. 32-33, 3li, 45

YiibaCity............................... 44

Tuina.................................... 13

67