DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIBECTOB

BULLETIN 559

RESULTS-OF SPIRIT LEVELING 

MICHIGAN

1911 AND 1913

R. B. MARSHALL, CHIEF GEOGRAPHER

Work done in cooperation with the State of Michigan, through the Michigan Geological 

and Biological Survey, R. 0. Alien, Director

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1914

CONTENTS.

Page. 

Introduction............................................................... 5

Cooperation........................................................... 5

Previous publication.......................... 1....................... 5

Personnel............................................................. 5

Classification....;..................................................... 5

Bench marks......................................................... 5

Datum............................................................... 6

Topographic maps.................................................... 7

Precise leveling.......................................................... 7

Greenland, Houghton, Paynesville, Rubicon, Sidnaw, and Winona quadrangles (Houghton and Ontonagon counties) .......................... 7

Primary leveling.-........................................................ 11

Adrain, Alvordton, Edon, Hudson, Pioneer, Swanton, and Wauseon quadrangles (Hillsdale and Lenawee counties)............................. 11

Grand Rapids,- Holland, Ionia, Jenison, Lowell, and Muir quadrangles 

(Barry, Eaton, Kent, and Ottawa counties)............................ 15

Centerville, Coldwater, Kalamazoo, Reading, Schoolcraft, Sturgis, and 

Wayland quadrangles (Allegan, Branch, Hillsdale, Kalamazoo, and St. 

Joseph counties)................... '.................................. 25

Chesaning, Corunna, Fowlerville, Saginaw, and St. Charles quadrangles 

(Livingston, Saginaw, and Shiawassee counties)...................... 37

 . Houghton quadrangle (Houghton County)..........:.................... 44

Appendix A: Elevations adjusted by the Coast and Geodetic Survey from

precise leveling...................................................... 47

Appendix B: Secondary elevations..........................:.............. 74

Index.................................................................... 77

ILLUSTRATION,

Page. 

PLATE I. Geological Survey bench marks.................................. 5

3

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 659 PLATE

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BENCH MARKS.

A., Tablet used in cooperating States. The State name is inserted at G.

B and /), Copper temporary bench mark, consisting of a nail and copper washer.

A, C\ and E, Tablets for stone or concrete structures.

Ft Iron post used where there is no rock.
RESULTS OF SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN IN 1911

AND 1913.

R. B. MARSHALL, Chief Geographer.

INTRODUCTION.

Cooperation. The State of Michigan contributed financially to all 

the work of 1911 and 1913 in this State.

Previous publication. The following results of spirit leveling are 

supplemental to and in accord with the elevations contained in Bulletin 461 and are in agreement with the 1907 adjustment of precise 

leveling. Elevations were not changed by the 1912 adjustment. 

No spirit leveling was done in the State by the United States Geological Survey .during 1912.

Personnel. The field work of 1911 and 1913 was done under the 

supervision of W. H. Herron, geographer, under the general direction of R. B. Marshall, chief geographer. Credit is given to the 

respective levehnen in the introductions to the several lists. The 

office work of computation, adjustment, and preparation of lists was 

done mainly by S. S. Gannett, geographer, under the general direction 

of E. M. Douglas, geographer.

Classification. The elevations are classified as precise or primary, 

according to the methods employed in their determination. For precise lines instruments and rods of the highest grade are used, each line 

is run in both forward and backward directions, and every precaution 

is taken to guard against error. The allowable divergence between 

the forward and the backward lines in feet is represented by the formula 0.017-/D, in which D is the distance in miles between bench 

marks. For primary lines standard Y levels are used; lines are run 

in circuits or are closed on precise lines, with an allowable closing 

error in feet represented by the formula 0.05-y/I), in which D is the 

length of the circuit in miles, sufficient care being given the work to 

maintain this standard. For levels of both classes careful office adjustments are made, the small outstanding errors being distributed 

over the lines.

Bench marks. The standard bench marks are of two forms. The 

first form is a circular bronze or aluminum tablet (C and E, PL I),

5
6 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

3£ inches in diameter and one-fourth inch thick, having a 3-inch stem, 

which is cemented in a drill hole in solid rock, in the wall of some public 

building, in a bridge abutment, or in other substantial masonry structure. The second form (F, PI. I), employed where masonry or rock is 

not accessible, consists of a hollow wrought-iron post 3£ inches in 

outer diameter and 4 feet in length. It is split at the bottom and 

expanded to 10 inches in order to give a firm bearing on the earth, 

and is'set about 3 feet in the ground. A bronze or aluminum-bronze 

cap is riveted upon the top of the post. A third style of bench mark 

with abbreviated lettering (B and D, PI. I) is used for unimportant 

points. This consists of a special copper nail 1£ inches in length 

driven through a copper washer seven-eighths of an inch in diameter. 

The tablets as well as the caps on the iron posts are appropriately 

lettered, and cooperation by States is indicated by the addition of the 

State name (G, PI. I).

The numbers stamped on the bench marks described in the following pages represent the elevations to the nearest foot as determined 

by the levelman. These numbers are stamped with -j^-inch steel dies 

on the tablets or post caps, to the left of the word "feet." The office 

adjustment of the notes and the reduction to mean sea-level datum 

may so change some of the figures that the original markings are 1 or 

2 feet in error. It is assumed that engineers and others who have 

occasion to use the bench-mark elevations will apply to the Director 

of the United States Geological Survey, at Washington, D. C., for the 

adjusted values and will use the markings as identification numbers 

only.

Datum. All United States Geological Survey elevations are referred 

to mean sea level, which is the level that the sea would assume if the 

influence of winds and tides were eliminated. This level is not the 

elevation determined from the mean of the highest and the lowest 

tides, nor is it the half sum of the mean of all the high tides and of the 

mean of all the low tides, which is called half-tide level. Mean sea 

level is the average height of the water, all stages of the tide being considered. It is determined from observations made by means of tidal 

gages placed at stations where local conditions, such as long, narrow 

bays, rivers, and like features, will not affect the height of the water. 

To obtain even approximately correct results these observations must 

extend over at least one lunar month, and if great accuracy is desired 

they must extend over several years. At ocean stations half-tide level 

and mean sea level usually differ but little. It is assumed that there 

is no difference between the mean sea levels determined from observations made in the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the 

Pacific Ocean, respectively.

The connection with tidal stations for bench marks in certain areas 

that lie at some distance from the seacoast is still uncertain, and this
PRECISE LEVELING. . 7

fact is indicated by the addition of a letter or a word to the right of 

the word "Datum" on tablets or posts. For such areas corrections 

of published results will be made from tune to time as the preciselevel lines of the United States Geological Survey or other Government 

organizations are extended.

Topographic maps. Maps of the following quadrangles wholly or 

partly in Michigan have been published by the United States Geological Survey up to November 1,1914. They may be obtained, unless 

otherwise noted, for 10 cents each, or $3 for 50, on application to the 

Director of the Survey, at Washington, D. C.

Alvordton (Ohio-Mich.).

Ann Arbor. 1

Calumet.

Crystal Falls.

Detroit.

Dexter. 1

Fowlerville.

Grand Rapids.

Grossepoint.

Howell.

Iron River (Mich.-Wis.).

Lansing.

Marquette.

Marquette special (50 cents).

Maumee Bay (Ohio-Mich.).

Menominee special.

Milford.

Ned Lake.

Passage Island.

Perch Lake.

Pontiac.,

Rochester.

Romulus.

Sagola.

Saline. 1

South Lyon. 1

Toledo (Ohio-Mich.).

Wauseon (Ohio-Mich.).

Wayne.

Witbeck.

Wyandotte.

Ypsilanti. 1

PRECISE LEVELING.

Greenland, Houghton, Paynesville, Rubicon, Sidnaw, and Winona quadrangles. 

HOUGHTON AND ONTONAGON COUNTIES.

The following elevations were determined by precise leveling in 

1911 by E. L. McNair and are based upon bench mark No. 1 of the 

Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, at Houghton. The orthometric 

corrections have been made.

GREENLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 45'-47°; longitude 89°-89° 15'.] 

From point 2 miles east of Lake Mine west along Copper Range R. R. to Peppard.

Lake Mine, 2 miles east of, at east end of bridge over east branch of Fires tone

River, on north side of track, 15 inches from northeast corner of concrete Feet.

abutment; aluminum tablet stamped "967 "........................... 967. 550

Lake Mine, 1 mile east of, 240 feet west of sign "One mile to station"; spike

in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1004.1"...................... 1,004.44

Lake Mine, in front of station; top of rail................................ 1,006. 5

Lake Mine, 620 feet west of station, 20 feet west of road crossing, south side of

track; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1006.0".......... 1,006. 32

1 Dexter, Saline, South Lyon, and Ypsilanti maps show Ann Arbor quadrangle on a larger scale.
8 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Lake Mine, 670 feet north of railroad track, about 100 feet northwest of residence of manager of Lake mine, in large outcrop of solid rock 200 feet 

west of road or street nearly north-south; aluminum tablet stamped Feet. 

"Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 11, 1037, 1911"............................... 1,037.435

Peppard, crossing of Copper Range and Mineral Range railroads......... 1,053.1

Peppard, 290 feet south of railroad crossing, west side of track; spike in 

telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1050".......................... 1,050.77

HOTTGHTON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 47°-47° 15'; longitude 88° 30'-88° 45'.] 

From Houghton southwest along Copper Range R. R. to point 1 mile north of Toivola.

Houghton, 120 feet west of Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry. station, on 

west line of Huron Street, 275 feet north of Sheldon Street, in stone 

foundation of brick store building of L. Hennes & Co., 0.5 foot from corner and about 0.5 foot above sidewalk; head of 60d spike driven in wall 

(U. S. E. B. M. 1).................................................. 608.747

Houghton, 120 feet west of Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry. station, on 

west line of Huron Street, 275 feet north of Sheldon Street, in north face 

of foundation wall of brick store building, of L. Hennes & Co., about 4 

feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped "612 ".................. 611.591

Houghton, in front of Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry. station; top of 

rail................. ............................................... 608. 2

Hancock, brick office building of Detroit & Lake Superior Smelting Works, 

southwest corner of; small horizontal surface cut on beveled edge of 

sandstone water table about midway of the bevel (U. S. E. B. M. 1) 

Engineers' elevation 609.829 ........................................ 609. 865

Houghton, in front of Copper Range R. R. station; top of rail............. 607. 4

Houghton, 0.9 mile west of Copper Range R. R. station, 30 feet east of 

road crossing, at milepost 18, on south side of track; spike in telegraph 

pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 637.1".................................. 637. 06

Milepost 19, about 600 feet west of; spike in telegraph pole, painted

"U. S. B.M. 743.7"................................................. 743.71

Houghton, 2.9 miles west of, at milepost 20, 25 feet north of track; iron 

post stamped "823 "................................................ 822. 840

Milepost 21, about 1,260 feet north of; spike in telegraph pole, painted 

(incorrectly) "U. S. B. M. 884.5"....................'................ 894.46

Atlantic, 600 feet north of station, on east side of track; spike in telegraph 

pole, painted''U. S. B. M. 991.7"..:................................. 991.68

Atlantic, in front of station; top of rail. ................................ 996.1

Atlantic, 0.5 mile south of station, on south side of track; spike in telegraph 

pole, painted "U. S. B.M. 1032.0"................................... 1,032.03

Mill Mine Junction, intersection of Copper Range R. R. tracks; top of rail. 1,127. 7

Mill Mine Junction, 35 feet north of main track, 45 feet west of Painesdale 

and Red Ridge track; iron post stamped "1128 "...................... 1,127. 596

Mill Mine Junction, southwest corner of station platform; copper nail..... 1,128. 65

Mill Mine Junction, 1 mile south of, on east side of track; spike in telephone pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1217.6"............................ 1,217. 56

Messner, switch stand at north end of siding; top of rail.................. 1, 259. 2

Milepost 26, 950 feet north of, east side of track; spike in telegraph pole, 

painted "U. S. B.M. 1266.6".....'................................... 1,266.54

Milepost 27, 90 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 

1280.6"............................................................. 1,280.65
PEECISE LEVELING. 9

Milepost 28, 95 feet south of; spike in-telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. Feet.

1281.6".........................................:................... 1,281.58

Ricedale, 1.3 miles north of, 25 feet west of track; iron post stamped "1278 ". 1,278. 259 

Ricedale, 0.3 mile north of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S, B. M.

1290.8 "............................................................. 1,290.78

Toivola, 2 miles north of, 2,320 feet north of milepost 31; spike in telegraph

pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1286.8"................................... 1,286.82

Toivola, 1 mile north of, 930 feet north of signboard "1 mile to station";

spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1278.5"................ 1,278.53

PAYNESVTLLE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 30'-46° 45'; longitude 89°-89° 15'.]

From McKeever Junction southeast along Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. to

Wasas siding.

McKeever Junction, near south end of Y, 135 feet east of track, in line 

with public road running west, on top of bank, 55 feet west of quarter 

corner between sees. 9 and 10, T. 50 N., R. 38 W.; iron post stamped 

''1057 "..........................................................-.. 1,057. 739

McKeever Junction, 1.2 miles south of; epike in telegraph pole, painted

"U..S..B. M. 1100.2"................................................ 1,100.49

Milepost 303, nearjspike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1124.9 "... 1,125. 27

Wasas siding, 460 feet south of north end of; spike in telegraph pole, 

painted "U. S. B. M. 1158.1"........................................ 1,158.42

RUBICON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 30'-46° 45'; longitude 88° 45'-89°.J

From milepost 301 on Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. southeast along railroad to

milepost 283.

Milepost 301, 550 feet north of; spike in telegraph pole, painted " U. S. B. M.

1123.7 "............................................................ 1,124.07

Rubicon, 920 feet north of station, 12 feet east of track, 85 feet south of road

crossing; iron post stamped "1092"........ ........^.................. 1,092. 754

Rubicon, in front of Hubbell's Mill station; top of rail.................. 1,104. 7

Milepost 299; spike in post, painted "U. S. B. M. 1149.1"............... 1,149.42

Plato, 500 feet south of township line, 600 feet south of water tank, 40 feet

west of track; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 13,1165,1911"... 1,165.416 

Milepost 297,1,260 feet east of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1165.4 "...................:........................................!,165. 69

Milepost 296,'1,200 feetsouth of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1182.9"............................................................. 1,183.23

Milepost295,2,480 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1226.0" ............................................................ 1, 226. 39

Milepost 294; spike in post, painted "U. S.B.M.1250.7"............... 1,251.07

Milepost 293, opposite, 22 feet north of track, on outside of curve; iron post

stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 14,1301,1911"......................... 1, 301. 279

Milepost 292; spike in post, painted "U. S. B. M. 1348.7"............... 1,349. 03

Milepost 292, 2,800 feet east of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U.S.B.M.

1369.0"............................................................. 1,369. 33

Milepost 291; spike in post, painted "U. S. B. M. 1398.0"............... 1,398. 38

Frost Junction, at north end of siding, 510 feet south of switch stand, 26 feet

west of track; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 15,1397, 1911".. 1,397.553 

Frost Junction, at south end of siding; top of rail........................ 1,407.4

Milepost 289, 950 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1387.2 "............................................................ 1,387.52
10 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Milepost288,800 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. Feet. 

1351.5"............................................................ 1,35L89

Milepost 287; spike in post, painted "U...S. B. M. 1346.9"............... 1,347. 28

Milepost286; spike in post, painted "U. S. B. M. 1386.4"............... 1,386.75

Milepost 285,15 feet north of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1361.0 ".........'...............................................:.... 1, 361. 37

Milepost 284, about 200 feet north of; spike in telegraph pole, painted

"U. S. B. M. 1319.9 " ...................... i....................... 1, 320. 20

Milepost 283, 7 feet from post, 20 feet north of track; iron post stamped

"Prim. Tmv.Sta. No. 16,1333,1911"..........'..:....................... 1,333.147

Milepost 283, 2,700 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted (incorrectly) "U. S. B.M. 1327.3".........".................-............... 1,328.68

SIDNAW QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 30'-46° 45'; longitude 88° 30'-8S° 45'.] 

From milepost 283 southeast along Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. to Sidnaw.

Milepost 282, 40 feet west of; spike in telegraph/pole, painted (incorrectly)

"U.S.B.M. 1315.8......,....................................."........ 1,317.12

. Milepost 281,160 feet west of; spike in telegraph pole, painted (incorrectly)

"U. S. B. M. 1323.9 "...............................,......'.......... 1, 325". 20

Sidnaw, 1.25 miles west of station, 50 feet east of milepost 280, 40 feet 

south of track; iron post stamped (incorrectly) " 1368 "............... 1,369.820

Milepost 279, 1,200 feet west of post, at road crossing; top of rail......... 1,365. 00

Sidnaw, 200 feet west of station, at crossing of Duluth, South Shore & 

Atlantic Ry.; top of rail. ....................................;...... 1, 376. 41

Sidnaw, opposite east end of station, north side of railroad, 40. feet east of 

Northern Hotel, near entrance to Roycroft farm; iron post stamped 

"Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 17,1381,1911" (incorrectly stamped 1381)........ 1, 382. 827

WINONA QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 45'-47°; longitude 88° 45'-89°.] 

From Toivola southwest along Copper Range R. R. to milepost 53.

Toivola, 112 feet north of office window in station, 19 feet east of center of

track, 40 feet south of section house, near fence around house; iron post

stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 7,1276,1911".......................... 1,275. 831

Toivola, in front of station; top of rail.................................. 1,276.1

Toivola, 1 mile south of, 30 feet north of sign "1 mile to station;" spike in

telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1298.4"....,...................... 1,298.44

Stunington siding, in front of signboard; top of rail...................... 1,305. 9

Stunington siding, south end of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1303.2 "............................................................ 1, 303. 26

Milepost 36, 720 feet north of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1282.5".................................-........................... 1,282.47

Milepost 37, 30 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1279.3 "..............'............,.................................. 1, 279. 26

Milepost 38, 70 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1268.2 "............................................................ 1, 268. 23

Elm River siding, 430 feet south of section house, 46 feet west of center of

track, on top of bank about 8 feet above track; iron post stamped "Prim.

Trav. Sta. No.'8, 1270, 1911"......................................... 1,269.850

Elm River, 1 mile south of, 240 feet south of sign "One mile to station; "

spike in .telegraph pole, painted "U.S.B.M. 1224.7 "................. 1,224. 75

Milepost40,1,970 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "1220.9". 1,220. 94
PRIMARY LEVELING. . 11

Twin Lakes, 300 feet north of station; spike in telegraph pole, painted Feet.

"U. S. B. M. 1203.5"............................................... i; 203.55

Twin Lakes, in front of station; top of rail............................... 1,209.1

Faleston, in front of station; top of rail.................................. 1,205. G

Faleston, 1,090 feet south of station, at bridge over Misery River, 6 feet east

of center of track, on top of concrete abutment; aluminum tablet stamped

"1200". ........................................................... 1,199. 844

Winona, 1 mile east of, 240 feet west of sign '' One mile to station;" spike in

telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M. 1240.9"............................ 1,240.89

Winona, in front of station; top of rail................................... 1, 244. 9

Winona, 750 feet west of station, 31 feet north of track, on bank about 3 feet

above track; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 9,1247, 1911"..... 1, 247. 084 

Milepost 46, 60 feet east of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "1,210.6 '

U.S.B.M."......................................................... 1,210.95

Milepost 47, 1,150 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted (incorrectly) "1204.3 U. S. B.M.".......................................... 1,205.66

Seager siding, 75 feet south of section house, 31 feet east of track, about same

level as track; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 10,1220,1911."

(Incorrectly stamped "1220")...............................-........ 1,221.112

Seager, 0.8 mile south of, 760 feet east of sign "One mile to station;" spike

in telegraph pole, painted (incorrectly) "U. S. B. M. 1177.4".......... ], 178/71

Milepost50,0.25 mile south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1127.8 "............................................................ 1,128.12

Milepost 51,160 feet south of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

1081.2 "............................................................. 1, 081. 57

Senecal flag'station, at road crossing; top of rail......................... 1,063. 2

Indiana flag station, 20 feet east of milepost 52; spike in telegraph pole,

painted "U. S. B. M. 1031.8"..........:............................ 1,032.14

Milepost 53, 100 feet east of; spike in telegraph pole, painted "U. S. B. M.

982.4 ".........................................................;... 982.75

PRIMARY LEVELING.

Adrian, Alvordton, Edon, Hudson, Pioneer, Swanton, and Wauseon quadrangles.

HILLSDALE AND LENAWEE COUNTIES.

The elevations in the following list were determined by primary 

leveling and accord with those in Bulletin 461 for Michigan and in 

Bulletins 411 and 476 for Ohio.

The leveling was done in 1911 in Alvordton quadrangle by Philip 

Flitman and C. W. Howell; in Edon and Pioneer quadrangles by 

C. R. French; in Hudson quadrangle by Flitman; in Swanton quadrangle by F. Mabrey; and in Adrian and Wauseon quadrangles by 

C.'E. Mills.

Additional leveling in most of these quadrangles will be found in 

Ohio lists.

ADRIAN QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 45'-42°; longitude 84°-34° 15'. J 

From Rldgeville west along highways to point 3 miles northwest of Morencl.

Bidgeville, northeast corner of crossroads, northwest corner of concrete step Feet.

at entrance to district school No. 5; chiseled square.................... 736. 42

Ridgeville, 0.8 mile west of, southwest corner of crossroads; spike in base

of fence post, marked "736.9".......................................... 737.07
12 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Lyons, 1 mile east by 4 miles north of, southwest corner of crossroads; iron Feet.

post stamped "748"..................:............................... 748.507

Lyons, 4 miles north of, northwest corner of crossroads; spike in base of

telephone pole, marked "761.4"....................................... 761.58

Weston, 1 mile south of, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of

fence post, marked "779.2 ".......................................... 779. 32

Weston, 1 mile south by 1 mile west of, northwest corner of crossroads; iron -

post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 33, 779, Mich., 1911" ............. 779.283

Weston, 1 mile south by 2 miles west of, at Lake Shore & Michigan Southern

Ry. crossing, southeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of fence post,

marked "788.8"...................................................... 788.95

Weston, 1 mile south by 3 miles west of, northwest corner of crossroads;

painted square on concrete base of fence post, marked "793.4"........ 793. 52

Morenci, 2.25 miles north by 2.5 miles east of, southeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "788"......,................:............... 787. 943

Morenci, '2.25 miles north by 1.25 miles east of, southeast corner of T road

south; spike in base of telephone pole, marked "783.6"................ 783.71

Morenci, 2.25 miles north by 0.8 mile east of, northwest corner of T road

north; spike in base of fence post, marked "781.8".................... 781. 84

Morenci, 2.25 miles north of, northeast corner of crossroads at schoolhouse

(district 2, Seneca); iron post stamped "792"......................... 791. 992

Morenci, 2.25 miles north by 0.5 mile west of, on west bank of Bean Greek,

on south side of road at bend; spike in base of telephone pole, marked

"783.9"...................................................-......... 783.96

ALVORDTON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 30'-41° 45'; longitude 84° 15'-84° 30'.]

From point 4 miles southeast of Ransom east and north along public road to point 

1 mile north by 2 miles west of Waldron.

Ransom, 2 miles east by 2.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of T road;

spike in fence post, marked "903.9".......,........................... 903.88

Ransom, 3 miles east by 2.5 miles south of, at southwest corner of crossroads;

spike in telephone pole, marked "893.9 ".............................. 893. 88

Waldron, 2 miles west by 1 mile north of, at northwest wing of bridge at

crossroads over Maumee drain; spike in bulkhead, marked "889.7 "....: 889. 73

From point 3 miles west of Morenci to point 5 miles northwest of Morenci.

Morenci, 3 miles west of, at southeast corner of crossroads; copper nail in 

culvert, painted "T. B. M. 786.0".................................... 786.19

Morenci, 3 miles west by 0.6 mile north of, at northeast corner of crossroads; 

iron post stamped "806 "................................:............ 806.524

Morenci, 3 miles west by 1.6 miles north of, at southwest corner of crossroads; spike in base of telephone pole, marked "T. B. M. 812.9"....... 813.05

EDON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 30'-41 ° 45'; longitude 84° 45'-85°.] 

From point 1 mile southwest of Camden to point 4 miles southwest of Camden.

Camden, 1 mile south of, southwest corner of crossroads, 10 feet west of 

fence corner; iron post stamped " 1019 ".............................. 1,020.138

Camden, 1 mile south by 2 miles west of, at southwest corner of crossroads; 

spike in base of fence post, marked '' 1080.321"......................... 1,081.30

Camden, 2 miles south by 2 miles west of, at southwest corner of T road 

west, 70 feet east to small black-oak tree; iron post stamped "1002 ".... 1,003.124
PRIMAEY LEVELING. IS

Camden, 3 miles south, by 2 miles west of, at northeast corner of crossroads, 

150 feet west by 20 feet north to South Camden Church; top of rock, Feet, 

marked "1086.985"..............................!.................... 1,087.96

HUDSON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 45'-42°; longitude 84° 15'-84° 30'.]

From point 1 mile north by 2 miles west of Waldron north and east to point 2 miles 

north by 1.5 miles west of Morencl.

Waldron, 2 miles west by 2 miles north of, at southwest corner of crosa 

roads; iron post stamped "896"..................................... 895.821

Waldron, 2 miles north by 1 mile west of, at southwest corner of crossroads;

. spike in fence post, marked "895.9"................................. 895.88

Waldron, 2 miles north of, at northeast corner of crossroads; spike in fence 

poet, marked "896.3".............................................. 896.28

Waldron, 2 miles north by 1 mile east of, at southwest corner of crossroads; 

iron post stamped " 896 "........'................................... 896.04.4

Waldron, 2 miles north by 2 miles east of, at southeast corner of crossroads; 

iron post stamped " Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 31, 889,1911".............. 889.264

Waldron, 1.5 miles north by 3 miles east of, at west end of T road; spike in 

fence post, marked "858.2"........................................ 858.27

Munson, 2.5 miles north of, at southwest corner of crossroads; iron post 

stamped "846".................................. 1................. 845. 878

Munson, 2.5 miles north by 2 miles east of, southeast corner of crossroads; 

spike in fence post, marked "829.6".............'.............. r ..... 829.68

Munson, 2.5 miles north by 3 miles east of, at northeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "818"...................................... 818.548

Morenci, 2.25 miles north by 1.5 miles west of, southeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 32, 798, Mich., 1911".. 797. 735

PIONEER QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 30'-41° 45'; longitude 84° 30'-84° 45'.] 

From point 4 miles southeast of Camden to point 1 mile south of Camden.

Camden, 3 miles south by 2 miles east of, in southwest corner of crossroads, 

at edge of road; stone marked "1027.5".............................. 1,028. 52

Camden, 2 miles south by 2 miles east of, at northeast corner of T road 

south, 10 feet west to east side of T road, 70 feet east to 15-inch hickory 

tree; iron post stamped "993"...................................... 994.511

Camden, 2 miles south by 2.5 miles east of, at T road north, .bridge over 

Joe River, north truss, east end; top of nut on connecting pin, marked 

"954.1"...................................-........................ 955.14

Joe River, surface of water, August 4, 1911............................. 944

Camden, 1 mile south by 2.5 miles east of, in northwest corner of crossroads, in edge of road; rock marked "1012.338"....................... 1,013. 338

From point 2 miles northeast of Pioneer north along highways 3 miles, thence west 

to point 3 miles southeast of Camden.

Pioneer, 1 mile north by 2 miles east of, at northwest corner of T road 

north, on wing of concrete abutment of bridge; chiseled square painted 

"T. B. M. 875.0". ................................................. 875. 08

Ransom, 1 mile east by 4.5 miles south of, at northwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped " 887 ".......................'.............. 886. 595

Ransom, 1 mile east by 3.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of crossroads; 

copper nail in top of post, painted "T. B. M. 901.4". i................. 901.46
14 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Ransom, 2 miles east by 3.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of crossroads; Feet, 

spike in fence post, marked "890.1"................................. 890.14

Ransom, 1 mile east by 2.5 miles south of, at head of T road west; iron 

post stamped "916"................................................ 915. 946

Ransom, 2.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of crossroads, on AmboyRansom township line; spike in base of telephone pole, marked "924.7 ". 924. 76

Ransom, 2.5 miles south by 1 mile west of, at southeast corner of crossroads, Amboy-Ransom township line; spike in base of post, marked 

"944.7"...................................................'........ 944. 72

Ransom, 2.5 miles south by 2 miles west of, at northeast corner of T road 

north, Amboy-Ransom township line; iron post stamped "967 "........ 966. 950

Ransom, 3 miles west by 2 miles south of, at T road south, on large stone at 

center of T; chiseled square painted "T. B. M. 1018.1".............. 1,018.10

Frontier, 0.5 mile west by 3 miles south of, southeast corner of crossroads, 

Amboy-Woodbridge township line; spike in fence post marked "970.7 ". 970. 66

Frontier, 1.5 miles west by 3 miles south of, at southwest corner of crossroads, Amboy-Woodbridge township line; iron post stamped "982 "..... 981. 998

Frontier, 2.5 miles west by 3 miles south of, at head of T road east; spike 

in base of telephone pole, painted "T. B. M. 1014.0".................. 1,014.00

Frontier, 2.5 miles west by 2.5 miles south of, at head of T road west; 

chiseled square on stone, painted "T. B. M. 1007.4 ".................. 1,007.44

Frontier, 3.5 miles west by 2.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of T road 

east; chiseled square on large granite bowlder, painted " T. B. M. 1008.4 ". 1,008.44

Frontier, 3.5 miles west by 3 miles south of, at northwest corner of T road 

west; nail in base of post, painted "T. B. M. 1008.0"................. 1,007. 97

Camden, 1 mile south by 3.5 miles east of, at southeast corner of T road 

south; iron post stamped "991"..................................... 990. 837

- SWANTON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 30'-41° 45'; longitude 83° 45'-84°.]

From point 7.1 miles east of Mulberry west along highways through Mulberry to 

Ridgeville.

Mulberry, 7.1 miles east of, 0.5 mile north of Ohio-Michigan State line,

southeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of corner post, marked

" 692.6 "........................................................... 693.65

Mulberry, 6.6 miles east of, southeast corner of T road east, spike in base

of corner post, marked " 698.8 "..................................... 699. 90

Mulberry, 6.1 milea east of, southwest corner of crossroads; spike in base of

corner post; marked "698.0"....................................... 699.10

Mulberry, 5.1 miles east of, 1 mile north of Southlands station, northwest

corner of crossroads; iron post stamped " 699 "......................... 700.350

Mulberry, 4.1 miles east of, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of

telephone pole, painted "703.3".................................... 704.29

Mulberry, 3.1 miles east of, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of

fence post, painted "707.9"......................................... 708.25

Mulberry, 2.1 miles east of, northwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped

"710"............................................................ 710. 660

Mulberry, 1.1 miles east of, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of

telephone pole, marked "713.2 "...................................... 713.51

Mulberry, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of telephone pole,

marked "717.6".................................................... 717. 89

Mulberry, 1 mile west of, northeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped

"720"............................................................ 720.579
PRIMARY LEVELING. 15

Mulberry, 2 miles west of, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of Feet.

fence post, painted "722.0"......................................... 722. 30

Mulberry, 3 miles west of, northeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of

telephone pole, painted "724.8".................................... 725.10

Mulberry, 3.5 miles west of, northeast corner of T road north; spike in base

of fence post, painted "723.6"...................................... 723. 86

Mulberry, 4 miles west of, southeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped

"724"............................................................ 725. 398

Mulberry, 5 miles west of, southeast corner of crossroads; spike in base of

fence post, painted "724.6"....'..................................... 724. 82

Mulberry, 6.2 miles west of, in southwest point of five points in road; spike

in fence post, marked "732.5"....................................... 732. 76

WAUSEON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 30'-41° 45'; longitude 84°-84° 15'.] 

From point 3 miles east by 1 mile north of Lyons north to Rldgeville.

Lyons, 3 miles east by 2 miles north of, at crossroads, at northwest corner 

of wooden culvert over stream; copper nail.......................... 740.89

Lyons, 3 miles east by 3 miles north of, southeast corner of crossroads; iron 

post stamped "737"................................................ 736.994

Grand Eapids, Holland, Ionia, Jenison, Lowell, and Muir quadrangles. 

BARRY, EATON, KENT, AND OTTAWA COUNTIES.

The elevations in the following list were determined by primary 

leveling based upon bench marks of the U. S. Corps of Engineers at 

Macatawa and Grand Rapids, and accord with the 1907 adjustment. 

The adopted mean elevation of Lake Michigan for the 'period 1860 

to 1875 is 581.63 feet above mean sea level.

The leveling was done in 1911 by L. D. Townsend; additional 

leveling near Moline in Grand Rapids quadrangle was done in 1913 

by E. C. Bibbee.

GRAND RAPIDS QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 85° 30'-85° 45''.]

From United States Army Engineers bench mark No. 9 along Market Street to Livingston Hotel (run twice).

Grand Rapids, southwest of city, on south bank of Grand River west of 

Plaster Creek, 50 feet southwest of elm tree, about 0.5 foot under ground; Feet. 

top of cap on iron pipe 1$ inches in diameter (U. S. C. E. B. M. 9)....... 596. 360

Grand Rapids, southeast corner of Wealthy Avenue and Market Street, on 

curbing............................................................... 604.65

Grand Rapids, Pere Marquette R. R. crossing at Wealthy Avenue, 50 feet 

west of Nye Street; top of farthest rail east.............................. 615. 00

Grand Rapids, at southeast corner of Wealthy Avenue and South Division 

Street, on north side of lamp-post; top of nut to bolt fastening lamp-post 

to walk............................................................... 648.10

Grand Rapids, at monument square in front of Livingston Hotel, east of 

monument, granite stone surrounded by walk; copper bolt projecting 2 

inches(city b. m. 1).................................................... 645. 599
16 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

From Grand Rapids east along highway to Ada, thence along highway south to Cascade, thence west and south to St. Mary's Church, thence west to Troosts farm (west 

of Fisher station), thence north and east to Grand Rapids.

Grand Rapids, Park Square, in top of stone marking astronomical station of Feet. 

Lake Survey of 1874; aluminum tablet stamped '' 655 "................... 654. 531

Grand Rapids, at northwest corner of East Fulton and Lafayette Streets, on , 

curbing; chiseled square ................................................ 687. 53

Grand Rapids, at northwest corner of East Fulton, North Union and Lake 

Avenue intersection, on curbing at edge of walk; chiseled square.......... 720.48

Grand Rapids, northwest corner of East Fulton Street and Lowell Avenue, 

on curbing at edge of walk; chiseled square............................. 743.18

Grand Rapids, 2.5 miles east of, on East Fulton Street, 100 feet west of 

Lakeside Drive, on north side of road; iron post stamped " 750 "........ 749. 919

Grand Rapids, 4 miles east of, at Y road (road west), on south side of tree 

standing north of road in fence line; copper nail in root, marked "790".. 790. 01

Grand Rapids, 5.8 miles east of, at northeast corner of T road north, at northwest corner of Grand Rapids district No. 2 schoolhouse; iron post stamped 

" 804 "....................I........................................... 803. 723

Grand Rapids, 6.1 miles east of, at southeast corner of bridge over Grand 

Trunk Ry., atTroad south; copper nail on beam holding floor, marked "789". 788.87

Grand Rapids, 6.1 miles east by 0.8 mile south of, at T road east, on south 

end of culvert across east road; chiseled square on stone, marked " 768 ".... 767. 92

Grand Rapids, 6.5 miles east of, via Cascade road, at southeast corner of 

crossroads, in root of third tree from corner of yard of G. Gillette; copper 

nail marked "766"..................................................... 765.66

Grand Rapids, 7 miles east of, at Van Houten Corners, at northeast corner 

of crossroads; iron post stamped "755"................................... 755.266

Van Houten Corners, 0.5 mile north of, at northwest corner of crossroads, 

near wagon track; copper nail in stump, marked "789"................. 788. 64

Ada, 2.5 miles west of, at T road north, in triangle formed by wagon roads; 

copper nail in stump, marked "778".................................... 778.31

Ada, 1.5 miles west of, at T road south, at southeast corner of road; copper 

nail in root on north side of tree, marked "724"......................... 723.55

 Ada, 1.5 miles south by 0.5 mile west of, at T road west, on east side of road; 

copper nail in root of maple tree, being second tree south from walk in 

dooryard of A. Antonides, marked "675"............................... 675.03

Cascade, at intersection of roads from Ada and Grand Rapids, at southwest 

corner of crossroads, at general store of S. Watterson, on stone at bottom at 

northeast corner of concrete steps; chiseled square marked "665"........ 664.51

Cascade, 1 mile west of, in front of H. De Good's house, north side of second tree from gate to east; copper nail in root of maple tree marked 

"773"................................................................ 773.25

T. 6 N., R. 10 W., northeast corner of sec. 18, northeast corner of crossroads, 

diagonally opposite Cascade schoolhouse (district 8); iron post stamped 

"760"................................................................ 759.680

T. 6 N., R. 10 W., northwest corner of sec. 19, at southwest corner of T 

road west, on top of rock near corner post in fence; chiseled square 

marked " 782 "........................................................, 782. 28

Cascade, 1.7 miles west by 2.5 miles south of, at T road east, center of line 

between sees. 29 and 30, T. 6 N., R. 10 W., on stone on outside of corner 

fence post; chiseled square marked "804 "............................... 804. 46

T. 6 N., R. 10 W., southeast corner of sec. 30, at southwest corner of crossroads, on northwest corner of concrete steps of St. Mary's Catholic 

Church, on top of bottom step; chiseled square marked "804"............ 804.185
PKIMAKY LEVELING. 17

St. Marys Church, 1 mile west of, at northwest corner of crossroads; cop- Feet. 

per nail in root on east side of elm tree marked " 786 ".................. 786. 32

T. 6 N., R. 11 W., southeast corner of sec. 26, at northwest corner of crossroads, near fence corner; iron post stamped " 722 "..................... 722. 333

T. 6 N., R. 11 W., line between sees. 27 and 34, at southwest corner of T 

road south, near telephone pole; chiseled square on stone marked "752 ".. 752.05

Fisher station, 4 miles east of, at northwest corner of T road north, 150 feet 

from intersection of roads, at southeast corner of church sheds (brick 

church on same corner); chiseled square on large white bowlder marked 

"792"............................................................... 792.11

Fisher station, 2.5 miles east of, at Bylsma Corners, at southwest corner of 

crossroads, 20 feet west of corner of fence, on road side; iron post stamped 

"Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 17, 741".:..................................... 741.245

Fisher station, 0.2 mile north by 0.5 mile west of, at northeast corner, at 

junction of T road east with South Division Street (Grand Rapids) extended, on top of second fence post east from corner; copper nail marked 

"675".............................................................. 675.37

Fisher station, at Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. crossing, north side of wagon

road, 15 feet from west rail of main track, 150 feet south of station, in top

of second post of five standing in an east-west line along north side of

wagon road; copper nail marked "668"............................... 668. 70

Fisher station, 0.5 mile west of, at northeast corner of T road east, near fence 

corner; iron post stamped " Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 18, 672 ".............. 672. 082

T. 6 N., R. 12 W., northwest corner of sec. 34, at southeast corner of crossroads, on top of concrete corner post in fence; chiseled square marked 

" 729 ".............................................................. 728. 62

Wentworth, 2 miles south by 0.5 mile east of, Troost's farm, at southeast 

corner of crossroads, in fence line, in root on north side of middle one of 

three oak trees; spike marked " 719".................................. 719.10

Wentworth, 1 mile'south by 0.5 mile east of, T. 6 N., R. 12 W., northeast 

corner of sec. 28, at southwest corner of T road west, in unused road in 

curve turning south; chiseled square on stone on ground marked " 693 ".. 693.13

T. 6 N., R. 12 W., northwest corner of sec. 22, at southeast corner of crossroads, in front of schoolhouse (district 2, Wyoming) (New Hall); copper 

nail in root of pine tree marked " 642 "................................. 641. 71

Wentworth, Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. crossing; top of rail 

marked "640"....................................................... 640.3

Wentworth, 0.2 mile northwest of, at T road east, on west side of northwestsoutheast road; iron post stamped " 631"............................... 631. 265

Ivanrest, on Grand Rapids, Holland & Chicago Electric Ry., top of north 

rail; marked "616".................................................. 615.74

Ivanrest, 0.5 mile north of, at north corner of T road northeast, 50 feet 

south of and parallel to Pere Marquette R. R. (another parallel road lies 

north of track); copper nail in root of oak tree marked "612 ".......... 612. 37

Grand Rapids, 4 miles southwest of, in center of road, crossing of Lake 

Shore & Michigan Southern Ry.; top of east rail marked " 608 "........ 608.33

Grand River, under Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. bridge; surface 

of water June 7,1911.'................................................ 588

Grand Rapids, 3 miles west of, at plaster quarries, west of private road leading to American Cement Co., on bridge across creek; chiseled square on 

south concrete abutment marked " 614 "................................ 614.22

44137° Bull. 559 14 2
18 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Grand Rapids, 4 miles west of, at southeast corner of school yard (district 

2, Walker), on north side of road, 100 feet east of T road south; iron post Feet, 

stamped "646 Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 10"............................... 646.033

Kinney's Corners, at northeast corner of crossroads, at west side of mail-box 

post; chiseled square on stone marked "738 ".............. i........... 738.18

Grand Rapids, 4 miles west of, at northwest corner of crossroads, at edge of 

road, 3 feet northeast of telephone pole; chiseled square on stone marked 

" 754 ".......................................:...................... 753. 96

Grand Rapids, 2.5 miles west of via West Bridge Street, at northeast corner 

of "Smith's greenhouse" corners, opposite district 7 schoolhouse, on 

northwest corner between footpath and road; iron post stamped " 758 ".., 758. 204

Grand Rapids, Bridge Street station, crossing of Grand Rapids & Indiana 

Ry. and West Bridge Street, on same corner as station, in center line of 

sidewalk; top of farthest rail west marked "608"....................... 608. 38

From Reeds Lake south to point 4 miles east of Fisher station.

Reeds Lake; surface of water June 10,1911............................... 732

Reeds Lake, southwest corner of, at T road south from Lake Avenue Consumers' Ice houses to head of road north, 20 feet north of walnut tree and 

25 feet south of hickory tree, southwest corner of road; copper nail in 

root of elm tree, marked "756"....................................... 755.40

Grand Rapids, 3 miles east of along Hall Street extended, at southwest 

corner of T road west; copper nail in gnarled root of maple tree, marked 

"758".............................................................. 757.90

Grand Rapids, 3 miles east of along Burton Avenue from South Division 

Street, in corner of crossroads (Halls Corners);'chiseled square on top 

step of concrete .porch to schoolhouse standing at northeast corner of 

road, marked "769 "................................................ 768. 84

Reeds Lake, 2.5 miles south of lake, at northeast corner of crossroads, 

southwest corner of sec. 10, T. 6 N., R. 11 W.; chiseled square on southwest corner of schoolhouse steps, marked '' 735 "........................ 735.13

Reeds Lake, 3.2 miles south of lake, in concrete abutment to bridge over 

Plaster Creek, on top of vertical reinforcement I iron (the one nearest 

bridge), marked "679":.............................................. 679.26

Reeds Lake, 4.8 miles south of lake, at northeast corner at T road north, 7 

feet west of two mail boxes, home of James W. Bowen, on south side of 

road; chiseled square on stone, marked "777 "......f .................. 776. 47

Fisher station, 4 miles east by 1 mile north of, at southeast corner of T road 

south; copper nail in top of corner fence post, marked "777"........... 776. 80

From Grand Rapids south on Division Street to Fisher station.

Grand Rapids, southwest corner of South Division and Hall streets, on 

curbstone; chiseled cross marked "657 ".............................. 656. 56

Grand Rapids, at southwest corner of South Division Street and Burton 

Avenue, at edge of walk; chiseled square on curbing, marked "688"... 687.53

Grand Rapids, 1 mile south of Burton Avenue on South Division Street, 

300 feet south of Michigan Central R. R. crossing, at southwest corner 

of crossroads, on outside of fence, near two telephone poles; iron post 

stamped "656" ..................................................... 655.825

Goodwin's Corners, northeast corner of crossroads, on grounds of school 

(district 6, Paris and Wyoming), on top of stump of telephone pole projecting 2£ feet above ground; copper nail marked '' 680 "............... 679.78

Smith's Corners on South Division Street, at northeast corner of crossroads; 

copper nail in root on west side of third maple tree from south, marked 

"682".................,............-............................:.. 681.76
PKIMAEY LEVELING. 19

From Troosts farm (west of Fisher station) south along highway to Herps, thence 

east to Caledonia, thence north to St. Mary's Church.

Byron Center, 3.5 miles north of, on east side of road at T road west, north- Feet, 

west corner of school yard, under maple tree; iron post stamped '' 730 ".. 730.377

Byron Center, 1.5 miles north of, at northeast corner of crossroads, near 

corner post in fence; chiseled square on highest point of bowlder, marked 

" 698 ".............................................................. 697. 85

Byron Center, 1 mile north of, at northeast corner of crossroads; copper 

nail in top of corner fence post, marked "716 "........................ 715. 99

Byron Center, at town hall, at southeast corner of road, 500 feet east of 

Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. station, at northwest corner of 

top of concrete step at front of building; aluminum tablet stamped "757 " 757.081

Byron Center, 1 mile south of, 100 feet west of crossroads, at Lake Shore 

& Michigan Southern Ry., on south side of wagon road on north long tie 

in cattle guard; copper nail in top of east end, marked "718"........... 718.52

Herps, road crossing at railway station; top of rail....................... 692

Herps, 0.2 mile east of, northeast corner of crossroads, 3 feet northwest of 

telephone pole; iron post stamped "700"............................. 700.170

T. 5 N., R. 12 W., southwest corner of sec. 36,1 mile south by 1 mile west 

of Corinth, at center of crossroads, on top of stone marking section corner; 

chiseled square marked "783 "............. : ......................... 782.90

T. 5 N., R. 12 W., southeast corner of sec. 36, at center of crossroads, on 

county line, on top of stone marking section corner; chiseled cross marked 

. " 782 ".......^...................................................... 782.13

Corinth, at northeast corner of crossroads, between corner post of fence and 

telephone pole, southwest corner of sec. 30, f. 5 N., R. 11 W.; iron post 

stamped " 806"...................................................... 805.921

T, 5 N., R. 11 W., southeast corner of sec. 30, center of T road south; 

chiseled square on top of stone marking section corner, marked ''850.5 ".. 850.54

Corinth, 2 miles east of, 300 feet south of southeast corner of crossroads, on 

top steps of schoolhouse, 2 feet north of door; chiseled square marked 

"865.5"..............................-............................. 865.54

Corinth, 2.5 miles east by 1 mile south of, northwest corner of crossroads, 

on county line, near fence; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 19, 

860 ".............................................................. 860. 094

T. 5 N., R. 11 W., southeast corner of sec. 34, at northwest corner of T road 

north, on top of corner post in fence; copper nail marked "881.2 "...... 881. 26

T. 4 N., R. 11 W., northeast corner of sec. 2, southwest corner of crossroads, . 

on stone under the farther east of two mail boxes; chiseled square 

marked "833.2"...................................................... 833.20

T. 5 N., R. 11 W., southeast corner of sec. 36, northwest corner of crossroads, near corner fence post; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 

20, 797 "............................................................. 797.470

Caledonia, 1.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of crossroads, in root on 

west side of wild cherry tree; copper nail marked "800.9 "............. 800. 94

Caledonia, 0.5 mile south of, at T road east, in center of road; chiseled 

square on large stone, marked "813.8"................................ 813. 90

Caledonia, at southwest corner of school yard, under maple tree, near 

walk at head of T road south; iron post stamped '' 844 "................. 844. 037

Caledonia, 0.8 mile north by 0.2 mile west of, at Michigan Central R. R. 

crossing, 200 feet north of T road west, on top of bolt head to bond plate 

on north side of north rail, on first nut west of plank crossing, marked 

"802.4".....,....................................................... 802.52
20 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 5 N., R. 10 W., southeast corner of sec. 18, at northwest corner of crossroads, 200 feet north of crossing, 6 feet southeast of corner fence post in 

cemetery, opposite a schoolhouse on northeast corner, and church on 

southwest corner, and near Mennonites Church, 4 feet west of telephone Feet, 

pole; iron post stamped "807 "....................................... 806. 750

T. 5 N., R. 10 W., southwest corner of sec. 8, northeast corner of crossroads; copper nail in top of corner fence post, marked '' 832.4 "........... 832. 51

T. 5 N., R. 10 W., northwest corner of sec. 8, southeast corner of crossroads, on concrete side to porch of schoolhouse (district 5, Caledonia), 

at north end of west railing; chiseled square marked '' 800 "............ 799.80

T. 5 N., R. 10 W., northeast corner of sec. 6, southwest corner of crossroads, near north-south fence, 10 feet south of corner fence post; iron 

post stamped "780".................................................. 779. 654

From point 2.5 miles east of Fisher station south along highway to point 2 miles east of

Corinth.

T. 6 N., R. 11 W., southwest corner of sec. 33, northeast corner of crossroads, on west side of large maple tree used as corner fence post; copper 

nail in root marked "763.9"......................................... 763. 95

T. 5 N., R. 11 W., southeast corner of sec. 5, on south end of concrete culvert on west side, 150 feet north of crossroads; chiseled square marked 

" 737.4 "............................................................. 737. 39

T. 5 N., R. 11 W., southwest corner of sec. 9, at northeast corner of crossroads near east-west fence; iron post stamped "788" .................. 788. 288

T. 5 N., R,. 11 W., northwest corner of sec. 21, at southwest corner of brick 

schoolhouse (district 3), southeast corner of crossroads; point on water 

table marked "814.2" .............................................. 814.17

T. 5N.,R. 11W., southwest corner of sec. 21, at northeast corner of road, 

opposite brick church on southeast corner, just outside corner post of 

cemetery; chiseled square on large bowlder marked "891.8"........... 891. 73

Near Herps.

North Dorr, 1 mile east of, at northwest corner of T road north, 20 feet 

west of center of north road; chiseled square on top of large bowlder 

marked "755.5 ".................................................... 755. 56

From Caledonia southeast along wagon road 2.2 miles.

Caledonia, 2.2 miles southeast of, at southeast corner of railway crossing 

with east-west road, at southwest end of tie, the only one sticking out of 

cinder bed, 5.5 feet north of corner post in right of way fence; copper 

nail marked "814.5"................................................ 814. 55

From Herps to point near Moline.

Herps, 1.2 miles east of, southeast corner of crossroads, on county line, 

intopof end of brace pole at corner fence post; copper nail marked "741". 740. 73

Corinth, 1 mile south by 1 mile west of, southwest corner of sec. 36, T. 5 N., 

R. 12 W., center of crossroads, on top of stone marking section corner; 

chiseled square..................................................... 782. 90

Moline, 2 miles north of, on line between Kent and Allegan counties, on 

west abutment south side of bridge, 30 feet east of Grand Rapids & 

Indiana Ry.; chiseled square painted "764.7"........................ 764. 83
PEIMABY LEVELING. 21

HOLLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 86°-86° 15'.] 

From Macatawa (Ottawa Beach) east along highway to sec. 31, T. 5 N., R. 14 W.

Macatawa, on light keeper's residence, on top of horizontal shoulder in 

second stone 2.18 feet from northwest corner, 0.38 foot below bottom of 

baseboard, in top course in north foundation wall; notch (U. S. Corps of Feet. 

Engineers' b. m.).................................................... 590.064

Three-foot mark on gage (U. S. Corps of Engineers' elevation, 584.630).... 584. 63

Macatawa, at U. S. life-saving station, on concrete inclined entrance to 

boathouse, about 6 inches from southwest corner of south wing of station, at extreme east edge of entrance, 7 feet south of double doors; 

aluminum tablet stamped "588 1911"................................ 588. 036

Macatawa, 1.9 miles east of U. S. life-saving station, on south shore of 

Black Lake, on south side of road, at southeast corner of T road south; 

chiseled square on large limestone block marked '' 592.6 ".............. 592. 61

Macatawa, 4 miles east of U. S. life-saving station, at T road running south 

from Lake road, on south side of Black Lake; copper nail in large poplar 

stump north of road marked "604.2"................................ 604.26

Holland, on Sixteenth Street, 11 feet north of southeast corner of Holland 

Shoe Co.'s factory; in east foundation wall, in seventh stone from corner 

in top tier; aluminum tablet stamped " 607 "......................... 607. 378

T. 5 N., R. 15 W., northeast corner of sec. 34, southwest corner of crossroads, in top of platform to hold milk cans, at northeast corner; copper 

nail marked "665.6"................................................ 665. 63

T. 5 N., R. 15 W., southwest corner of sec. 26, at northeast corner of crossroads, near telephone pole; iron post stamped "660 ".................. 660. 240

T. 5 N., R. 15 W., northeast corner of sec. 35, west of T road south, on top 

of southeast abutment, 2 feet from east end of bridge (road jogs here, 

running 500 feet north to avoid creek); chiseled square marked "595.0". 595. 02

T. 5 N., R. 15 W., northeast corner of sec. 36, southwest corner of crossroads, near outside wagon track; chiseled square on stone in ground 

marked '' 606.4 ".................................................... 606. 48

T. 5N., R. 14 W., northeast corner of sec. 31, south of road at T road running 

northeast a short distance, then north, west of creek, at east end of gravel 

pit; iron post stamped "631"........................................ 630. 924

IONIA QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 85°-85° 15'.] 

From Carlton east along highway to Sunfleld.

T. 4 N., R. 8 W., northwest corner of sec. 12, at southeast corner of crossroads, 8 feet east by 3 feet north of corner fence post, opposite schoolhouse (Carlton 1885, district 7) on southwest corner; chiseled square on 

top of bowlder marked "861.7" ..................................... 861. 78

T. 4 N., R. 8 W., southeast corner of sec. 1, 3 feet south of corner post in 

fence, northwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. 

Sta. No. 23, 851, Mich., 1911"........................................ 851.479

T. 4 N., R. 7 W., southwest corner of sec. 5, at northeast corner of crossroads, opposite church on northwest corner and schoolhouse on southwest 

corner; at end of culvert crossing east-west road; chiseled square on top 

of stone marked "821.1" ............................................ 821. 24

T. 4 N., R. 7 W., corner of sees. 5, 4, 8, and 9, at T road south, on top of 

stone set in center of junction marking section corner; chiseled square 

marked "838.3 ".............................;...................... 838. 39
22 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 4 N., R. 7 W., southwest corner of sec. 3, at northeast corner of crossroads, southeast corner of school yard (North Jordan school), 3 feet south 

by 3 feet east of southwest corner of wood house; iron post stamped Feet. 

"863".............................................................. 863. 325

T. 4 N., R. 7 W., southwest corner of sec. 2, at northeast corner of crossroads, 

3 feet from corner post; on top of. large bowlder inside fence; chiseled 

square marked "878.8"............................................... 878. 98

Woodbury, 0.5 mile south by 1 mile west of, at northeast corner of crossroads, 5 feet east by 3 feet south of concrete corner post in fence (mail 

box on this post and evergreen hedge ends here), near J. J. Echart's 

home, opposite schoolhouse on northwest corner; iron post stamped 

"Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 24, 1911, 885"................................. 884.662

T. 4 N., R. 7 W.j southeast corner of sec. 1, northwest corner of crossroads, 

20 feet north of corner fence post, 4 feet from fence; chiseled cross in 

square on top of large bowlder marked "877.6" ....................... 877. 72

Woodbury, 1.5 miles east by 0.5 mile south of, at northeast corner of crossroads, east-west road crosses road running northwest-southeast, at southeast corner of school yard, 5 feet south of corner fence post; iron post 

stamped "841"..................................................... 841. 574

Woodbury, 2.5 miles east by 0.5 mile south of, at northwest corner of crossroads, at edge of wire fence, 4 feet from corner fence post; chiseled square 

on stone marked "846.7"............................................ 846. 82

T. 4 N., R. 6 W., northeast corner of sec. 9,'southwest corner of crossroads, 

on root on'north side of butternut tree; with copper nail in it, marked 

"853.2"............................................................. 853.33

JENISON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43"; longitude 85° 45'-86°.l 

From sec. 31, T. 5 N., R. 14 W., east along highway to North Dorr.

T. 5 N., R. 14 W., northwest corner of sec. 33, at southeast corner of T 

road south; copper nail in root on northwest side of sycamore tree, marked 

"612.5"............................................................. 612. 59

Drenthe, at northeast corner of school yard, on south side of road, 200 feet 

east of crossroads, 3 feet south by 2 feet west of north end of board fence 

between school and church; iron post stamped "665"................. 664.604

Drenthe, 2 miles east of, at northeast corner of crossroads, on north end of 

8-inch steel culvert running across east-west road; chiseled cross battered 

in threads, marked "712.6"......................................... 712.69

T. 5 N., R. -14 W., southeast corner of sec. 30, at northwest corner of crossroads, 6 feet north of corner fence post; iron post stamped "677 "...... 676. 956

Drenthe, 4 miles east of, at southeast corner of crossroads, on extreme 

south end of southwest corner of L-shaped concrete abutment to sluiceway across east-west road; chiseled square marked "679.6"............ 679. 73

Gitchel crossroads, general store of Speck Van Der Kolk at northwest corner, 

1 foot west of southeast corner of concrete steps; chiseled square marked 

"705.7 "............. r .............................................. 705.80

T. 5 N., R. 13 W., southwest corner of sec. 26, at northeast corner of crossroads and 5 feet north of corner fence post; iron post stamped "704 ".... 703. 892

Diamond schoolhouse, southeast of, just north of center of road at crossroads; chiseled square on blue stone set in road, marked "744.1"...... 744.15

North Dorr, 2 miles west of, on Ottawa-Allagan county line, on section 

corner stone in center of crossroads; chiseled cross in square, marked 

"U.S. 768.3"......................................................'. 768. 41
PRIMARY LEVELING. > 23

North Dorr, 1 mile west of, at northwest corner of crossroads, 3 feet west Feet, 

of telephone pole; iron post stamped "786 "........................... 786. 520

North Dorr, at southwest corner of crossroads, 6 feet east of corner post in 

fence about Catholic Church yard; chiseled square on highest point of 

large bowlder, marked "766.6"...................................... 766. 69

LOWELL QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 85° 15'-85° 30'.] 

From Ada north across Grand River (a small circuit).

Ada, at back of schoolhouse, on top of concrete steps leading to second 

story; aluminum tablet stamped "684".............................. 683. 776

Ada, at southeast corner of crossroads, 100 feet east of bridge of Grand 

Trunk Ry. over road running east-west (Masonic Temple on northeast 

corner); chiseled square on outer edge of sidewalk, marked "640"...... 639. 48

Ada, 0.8 mile east of, at southwest corner of crossroads, on east bank of 

Grand Eiver, on top of first post in railing east of bridge; copper nail 

marked " 638 ".................. J................................... 637. 66

Ada, east of; surface of water in Grand Eiver June 14,1911.............. 613

Ada, 0.8 mile east by 1.7 miles north of, at southeast corner of crossroads, 

20 feet north of Honey Creek bridge; highest point on large stone, marked 

"715".............:............................................... 715.41

T. 7 N., R. 10 W., southwest corner of sec. 14, south of T road west; chiseled 

square on stone in bank, marked "832".............................. 831.89

T. 7 N., R. 10 W., northeast corner of sec. 21, at southeast corner of T road 

west, on top of corner post in fence; copper nail marked "726.8"........ 726. 68

Ada, 2.5 miles northwest of, at northeast corner of junction of road from 

north with road on northeast side of Grand River; chiseled square on 

stone under walnut tree, marked '' 637 "..............-................ 636.97

Ada, 0.8 mile east by 1.25 miles northwest of, on river road on northeast 

side of Grand River, east corner of junction of T road northeast, on large 

bowlder 100 feet east of crossing; chiseled square marked "641"........ 641. 27

From point near Parmelee east along highway to Carlton.

Caledonia, 3 miles southeast of, northeast of crossing of Michigan Central 

R. R. with road running north-south; top of center one of three iron 

stakes holding plank to prevent earth from sliding into ditch, marked 

"794.6"..,......................................................... 794. 72

Parmelee, road crossing on Michigan Central R. R.; top of rail, marked 

"771.8"............................................................. 771.9

Parmelee, 0.4 mile west of, at southeast corner of crossroads, near corner 

post in fence, opposite schoolhouse on northeast corner and UnitedBrethren Church on northwest corner; iron post stamped "789 "........ 788. 683

Parmelee, 0.8 mile east of, 0.2 mile east of Thornapple River, on north 

side of T road west, 100 feet west of north-south road, at farm house of 

J. L. Boughton "Riverside Farm;" chiseled cross on top of stone hitching 

post, marked "724.7".........................................J..... 724. 81

Parmelee, 1.7 miles east of, at southwest corner of crossroads, on northeast 

corner of top of concrete step to schoolhouse facing east; chiseled square, 

marked "783.3"..................................................... 783.37

T. 4 N., R. 9 W., southwest corner of sec. 6, at northeast corner of crossroads, about 4 feet south by 6 feet east of corner post; iron post stamped 

"773".................:........................................... 773. 236
24 " SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 4 N., R. & W., southwest corner of sec. 5, at northeast .corner of crossroads 

where road south jogs to east, at edge of wagon track; chiseled square on Feet, 

top of large bowlder, marked "866.3 "................................ 866.44

T. 4 N., R. 9 W., southwest corner of sec. 4, at head of T road west, at 

east edge of road, big maple tree stands in triangle of roads; chiseled square 

on northwest end of large stone, marked "947.8 "...................... 947. 93

T. 4 N., R. 9 W., quarter corner on east side of sec. 5, on west side of T 

road east, 40 feet north of intersection, 5 feet northwest of 8-inch oak tree; 

iron post stamped "859 "............................................ 858. 718

T. 4 N., R. 9 W., at center of sec. 3, southeast corner of crossroads, at north 

end of porch and close to west wall; chiseled square on top concrete step 

of Irving schoolhouse (district 7), marked "822.2 ".................... 822. 30

Freeport, 1.5 miles west by 0.5 mile south of, at head of T road west, east 

side of road and a little north of junction; copper nail in root on west side 

of 30-inch maple tree, marked "811.1"................................ 811. 23

Freeport, 1.5 miles west by 1 mile south of, at southeast corner of crossroads 

(road west very poor); copper nail in top of corner fence post, marked 

"816.2 "................... v ....................................... 816. 36

Freeport, 0.8 mile west by 1 mile south of, southwest corner of crossroads, 

10 feet northeast of fence corner, 3 feet south of mail box post (the more 

eastern of two); iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 22, 829"....... 829.236

T. 4 N., Rs. 8 and 9 W., 1 mile south of Freeport, at crossroads (east-west 

road jogs 100 feet to north), the Pere Marquette R. R. property line ends 

here; chiseled square on stone in west wagon track, marked "818.7 ".... 818. 84

Freeport, 1 mile east by 1 mile south of, at crossroads, in triangular grass 

plot, on north side of tree (road to east jogs50feet to south here); copper 

nail in notch cut in root of 36-inch maple tree, marked "801.1"........ 801. 24

T. 4 N., R. 8 W., southwest corner of sec. 5, at northeast corner of crossroads; copper nail in top of corner fence post, marked "813.1".......... 813. 24

T. 4 N., R. 8 W., northeast corner of sec. 9, at southwest corner of crossroads, on school grounds of Carlton echoolhouse (district 10), 75 feet west 

of crossing, in line with telephone poles and about halfway between the 

first two to west; iron post stamped "820 "............................. 819. 784

MTTIR QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 84° 45'-85°.] 

From Sunfleld east along highway to Grand Ledge.

T. 4N., R. 6W., northeast corner of sec. 10, at southwest corner of crossroads, 3 feet north by 3.5 feet west of corner fence post, 4 feet west of 

sidewalk; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 25, 858, 1911"...... 858.066

T. 4 N., R. 6 W., southeast corner of sec. 2, southeast corner of concrete 

porch to echoolhouse standing at northwest corner of crossroads and 

facing south; chiseled square marked "866.1".......................... - 866.21

Sunfield, 0.5 mile south by 1.8 miles east of, at southwest corner of crossroads, west end of concrete end of bridge across north-south road; chiseled square on highest point marked "827.3"......................... 827. 48

T. 4 N., R. 5 W., southwest corner of sec. 5, northeast corner of crossroad, 

4 feet south of east-west fence and 10 feet east of corner fence post; iron 

poststamped "848 1911"............................................. 848.128

T. 4 N., R. 5 W., southwest corner of sec. 4, at northeast corner of T road 

north, on stone sunk in ground 3 feet north of north track of east-west 

road, 20 feet south of 8-inch elm tree; chiseled square marked "865.5".. 865. 65
PMMABY LEVELING. 25

Mulliken, 0.5 mile south of, at southeast corner of crossroads, northwest 

corner of school yard (Roxana, district 2), 2 .feet northeast of 6-inch 

poplar tree, 15 feet east of concrete sidewalk; iron post stamped "Prim. Feet. 

Trav. Sta. No. 26, 870, 1911".......................................... 870.551

T.4N.,R.5W., southeast corner of sec. 3, northwest corner of crossroads, 

in edge of road, at west end of culvert across north-south road, in row of 

stones across road; chiseled square on highest point of large stone, 

marked "871.2"...................................................... 871.41

T. 4 N., R. 5 W., southwest corner of sec. 1, at northeast corner of crossroads, on highest point of large bowlder lying farthest south of four 

along outside of road as it curves to north; chiseled square marked 

"872.4"......................................:...................... 872.53

T. 4 N., R. 4 W., southwest corner of sec. 6, northeast corner of crossroads, 

20 feet north of creek and 3 feet west of rail fence; iron post stamped 

"854 1911"......................................................... 854.459

T. 4N., R. 4W., northeast corner of sec. 7, at southwest corner of crossroads, in northeast corner of Free Methodist Church yard, 4 feet east of 

telephone pole; iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 2, 875,1909 ".. 875.286

T. 4 N., R. 4 W., 60 feet east of northwest corner of sec. 9, SOUth side of 

road in end of unused culvert (creek turns east here along road); chiseled square on large stone, marked "879.4"................... ......... 879.60

T. 4 N., R. 4 W., northwest corner of sec. 10, southeast corner of crossroads; chiseled square on highest point of large flat bowlder, marked 

"867.8"............................................................. 867.96

Grand Ledge, at west city limits, on Jefferson Avenue running east-west, 

at southeast corner of crossroads, 4 feet northwest of telephone and 

power line poles which stand side by side in edge of road; chiseled cross 

on highest point of large stone, marked "850.4 "........................ 850.56

Grand Ledge, at north corner of Jackson and East Scott streets, on top of 

fire plug, on the one to south of two nuts holding top on, marked "848.6 ". 848. 75

Centerville, Coldwater, Kalamazoo, Beading, Schoolcraft, Sturgis, and Wayland

quadrangles.

ALLEGAN, BRANCH, HILLSDALE, KALAMAZOO, AND ST. JOSEPH COUNTIES.

The elevations in the following list were determined by primary 

leveling, extended from bench marks established in 1911 on Grand 

Rapids and Edon quadrangles, and accord with Bulletin 461.

The leveling was done in 1913 in Kalamazoo, Schoolcraft, and 

Wayland quadrangles by E. C. Bibbee; in Coldwater, Reading, and 

Sturgis quadrangles by R. G. Clinite; and in Centerville quadrangle 

by Bibbee and Clinite.

CENTERVILLE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 45'-42°; longitude 85" 30'-85° 45'.]

From point near Moore Park south along Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. to 

Three Rivers, thence east along highway to Centerville, thence south along highways 

to Klinger, thence east 1 mile.

Moore Park, 2 miles south of, about 0.4 mile west of southeast corner of 

sec. 31, T. 5 S., R. 11 W., in base of telegraph pole; rail spike, marked Feet. 

"827.8"............................................................. 828.00

Three Rivers, 2 miles north of, near northeast corner of NW. J sec. 7, 

T. 6 S., R. 11 W., at southeast corner of crossroads, in root of 2-foot 

maple tree; rail spike................................................. 821.34
26 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Three Rivers, in north side of .Lafayette Park on Main Street, opposite Feet, 

schoolhouse; iron post stamped "820"................................ 820.592

Three Rivers, Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. station, 400 feet 

south of, on west side of south abutment of iron bridge over St. Joseph 

River; chiseled square, marked "798.3"............................... 798.53

St. Joseph River, below dam at railroad bridge; surface of water Sept. 

29, 1913............................................................. 785.7

Three Rivers, crossing of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern and Michigan 

Central railroads; top of rail.......................................... 801. 0

Three Rivers, on east side of south abutment of wagon bridge over St. 

Joseph River; chiseled square, marked "801.7 "....................... 802. 01

St. Joseph River, above dam; surface of water............................ 793. 7

Three Rivers, 2 miles east of, 150 feet west of C. Rammelic residence, 

south end of tile 5 feet north of south road line; highest point marked 

"812.4"............................................................. 812.64

Three Rivers, 3.2 miles east of, on south side of road, 700 feet west of D. 0. 

Young residence, in root of oak tree; nail head......................... 825. 30

Centerville station, 2 miles west by 0.5 mile north of, near southeast corner of sec. 15, T. 6 S., R. 11 W.; iron post stamped."825".............. 825. 684

Centerville station, 2 miles west of, 120 feet south of railroad, at southeast 

corner of T road east, on large granite bowlder; highest point marked 

"826.1"............................................................. 826.37

Centerville station, 0.99 mile west of, on line between sees. 23 and 24, on 

north side of public road, on concrete base for post; chiseled square 

marked "833.5 ".................................................... 833. 80

Centerville station, 120 feet east of, 27 feet south of railroad, on east side of 

public-road, 4 feet south of railroad-crossing sign, in top of 10 by 10 inch 

post level with ground; rail spike................i.................... 822. 54

Prairie River; surface of water October 1, 1913.......................... 800

Centerville, 4 feet east of north entrance to county courthouse; iron post 

stamped "826"..................................................... 826. 353

Centerville, 0.84 mile south of, at northeast corner of sec. 36, T. 6 S., R. 11 

W., on large granite bowlder, 4 feet north of south fence line; chiseled 

square marked "854.4"............................................ 854. 62

Velevee Lakes; surface of water October 1, 1913........................ 855

Centerville, 1.88 miles south of, at southwest corner of sec. 31, T. 6. S., R. 10 

W., on east side of road opposite T road west, on large granite rock; chiseled square marked "868.0"......................................... 868. 25.

Centerville, 1.88 miles south by 0.5 mile west of, 25 feet south of northwest 

corner of NE. £ sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 11 W., in base of telephone pole; 60- 

penny spike marked "853.7"........................................ 853. 94

Centerville, 2.88 miles south by 0-5 mile west of, at southwest corner of _ 

SE. \ sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 11 W., in corner fence post; rail spike marked 

"884.6"............................................................ 884. 85

Centerville, 3.88 miles south, by 0.5 mile west of, near northeast corner of 

NW. i sec. 13, T. 7 S., R. 11 W., on large granite bowlder, 3 feet west of 

south end of culvert; chiseled square marked " 892.3 "................. 892. 54

Centerville, 4.88 miles south of, 30 feet south by 23 feet west of northeast 

corner of NW. \ sec. 24, T. 5 S., R. 11 W.; iron post stamped "838".... 838.228

Centerville, 5.84 miles south of, near northwest corner of NE. J sec. 26, T. 7 

S., R. 11 W., 25 feet south of southeast corner of crossroads, 2 feet east of 

east line of road, in top of 2-foot stump; 60-penny spike................ 834. 47

Centerville, 6.84 miles south of, 60 feet north of southwest corner of SE. £ sec. 

26, T. 7 S., R. 11 W., in base of telephone pole; rail spike............. 858. 34
PKlMAEY LEVELING. 27

Centerville, 8 miles south of, 100 feet north of Charles Miller's cottage on 

'Klinger Lake, on west side of south abutment of iron bridge over inlet to Feet. 

Klinger Lake.; chiseled square marked "809.4 "....................... 809. 70

Klinger Lake; surface of water October 4, 1913........................; 807.0

Klinger station, 0.67 mile north of, about 0.25 mile south of northwest corner 

of sec. 6, T. 8 S., R. 10W., on south side of east abutmentof concrete culvert opposite T road west; chiseled square............................ 847. 30

Klinger station, 600 feet northeast of, in southwest angle of crossroads, 2 feet 

south of 'corner post, about 0.1 mile south of northeast corner of sec. 12, 

T. 8 S., R. 11 W.; iron post stamped "858 Mich. "...................... 858. 564

Klinger station, 1.1 miles east of, in northwest angle at crossing of Lake 

Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. and highway, in base of crossing post; 

rail spike......................................................... 874. 05

From Centerville along highways north and west to Fisher Lake, thence south to point 

4 miles east of Three Rivers.

Centerville station, 120 feet east of, 27 feet south of railroad, on east side of 

public road, 4 feet south of railroad-crossing sign, in top of 10 by 10 inch 

post level with ground; rail spike.................................... 822.54

T. 6. S., R. 10 W., near quarter corner on north side of sec. 19, 1 mile north 

by 0.5 mile east of Centerville, in southeast angle of crossroads, at fence 

corner, in charred osage stump; copper nail. ......................... 834.20

T. 6 S., R. 10 W., quarter corner on west side of sec. 17,1.5 miles north by 1 

mile east of Centerville, in northeast angle of road forks, in southwest 

corner of yard of Wilcox School, in root of 30-inch oak tree; copper nail.. 836. 54

T. 6 S., R. 10 W., at southeast corner of sec. 6, in northwest angle of T road 

west, 10 feet north of corner post; iron post stamped "870 Mich. "...... 870. 656

Bridge over St. Joseph River, east side of north span, on concrete girder; 

painted square. . .... ^.............................................. 832. 23

St. Joseph River, under bridge; surface of water December 11, 1913...... 825. 7

T. 6S.,R. 10W., sec. 6, at center of, in northeast angle of T road north, 5 feet 

west 6f corner of rail fence, in root of twin-oak tree; copper nail........ 838. 93

T. 5 S., R. 10 W., sec. 31, quarter corner on south side of, in northeast angle 

of T road east, 10 feet north of corner post, in top of peg; copper nail.... 837. 45

T. 5 S., R. 10 W., sec. 30, quarter corner on south side of, in northeast angle 

of crossroads, top of concrete base of corner post; raised part of letter " D ". 846. 46

T. 5 S., R. 11 W., sec. 36, quarter corner on north side of, in southeast angle 

of T road south, 30 feet east of corner post, in root of 16-inch maple tree; 

copper nail......................................................... 832. 56

T. 5 S., R. 11 W., sec. 25, at southwest corner of, 27 feet north by 30 feet 

east of center of crossroads, in school yard; iron post stamped "832 

Mich.".............................................................. 832. 433

T. 5 S., R. 11 W., sec..2, at southeast corner of, 35 feet north by 16 feet west of 

center of crossroads, in root of 20-inch oak tree; copper nail............. 827. 02

T. 6 S., R. 11 W., sec. 3, 0.25 mile north of quarter corner on east side of, 45 

feet south by 25 feet west of center of T road east, in root of 16-inch whiteoak tree; copper nail............................................... 832. 42

T. 6 S., R. 11 W., sec. 10, about 0.25 mile north by 0.25 mile east of center 

of, on east side at north end of steel highway bridge over St. Joseph River, 

at north end of steel girder; head of rivet.............................. 808. 99

St. Joseph River, under above-named bridge; surface of water............ 795. 5

T. 6 S., R. 11 W., sec. 10, at southeast corner of, 27 feet north by 30 feet west 

of center of T road east, in root of 18-inch maple tree; copper nail........ 828.18
28 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Centerville station, 2 miles west by 0.5 mile north of, near southeast corner 

of sec. 15, T. 6 S., R. 11 W.yin northwest angle of crossroads, 5 feet west Feet, 

of corner post; iron post stamped "825 Mich. "...........'............ 825. 684

From Three Rivers west along highways 1.5 miles, thence north 2.5 miles, thence west 

to sec. 31, T. 5 S., R. 12 W., thence south and southeast over devious route to Constantine, thence northeast and east to point 3 miles south of Centerville.

Three Rivers, in north side of Lafayette Park, on Main Street opposite 

schoolhouse; iron post stamped "820 Mich."......................... 820. 592

Three Rivers, 1.5 miles west by 0.4 mile north of, northwest corner of T. 6 

S., R. 12 W., sec. 13, opposite T road north, 16 feet east of corner post, 

in base of telephone anchor post; rail spike........................... 838.24

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 1, at southwest corner of, 25 feet east of center of T 

road west, in stump of scrub oak; copper nail........................... 831.00

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 2, quarter corner on east side of, in southwest angle 

of crossroads, in root of 14-inch lone elm tree; copper nail........:..... 829.43

T. 5 S., R. 12 W., sec. 36, quarter corner on west side of, in northeast angle 

of crossroads, 7 feet north of corner post; iron post stamped ''835 Mich.".. 834. 922

T. 5 S., R. 12 W., sec. 34, quarter corner on east side of, 35 feet east by 27 

feet north of center of T road north, in root of 30-inch oak tree; copper 

nail................................................................. 871.80

T. 5 S.., R. 12 W., sec. 33, quarter corner on east side of, in northwest angle 

of T road north, at southeast corner of yard of Mount Zim school, in root 

of 10-inch maple tree; copper nail.................................... 930. 26

T. 5 S., R. 12 W., sec. 33, quarter corner on west side of, in northeast angle 

of crossroads, 20 feet east of corner post, 2.5 feet west of 20-inch oak tree, 

in top of stump; copper nail.........................................:. 978.27

T. 5 S., R. 12 W., sec. 31, quarter corner on east side of, 12 feet south by 

30 feet west of center of T road east, in root of 5-inch oak tree; copper nail.. 922. 57

T. 5 S., R. 12 W., sec. 32, at northwest corner of, in southeast angle of 

crossroads, 10 feet east of corner post; iron post stamped "926 Mich.".. 926. Ill

Tps. 5 and 6 S., R. 12 W., corner of sees. 31, 32, and 5, 6; painted circle on 

corner stone.......................................................... 912. 90

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 5, quarter corner on west side of, 40 feet south by 16 

feet east of center of crossroads, in top of charred oak stump; copper nail.. 929.17

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 8, northwest corner of, in southeast angle of crossroads, 60 feet west of southwest corner of schoolhouse, in top of oak 

stump; copper nail.................................................. 985. 49

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 8, near southwest corner of, 27 feet south by 60 feet 

west of center of T road east, 600 feet north of north shore of Clear Lake, 

in root of 10-inch white-oak tree; copper nail........................... 897.88

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., about 0.2 mile south of quarter corner on east side of sec. 

18, in northwest angle of road forks, 15 feet west by 25 feet north of center 

of road intersection; iron post stamped "883 Mich.".................. 883.248

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 20, 0.4 mile north of center of, 800 feet west of south 

end of Clear Lake, 100 feet northwest of silo in farmyard, on south side 

of turn in road, in root of 14-inch-hickory tree; copper nail................ 906. 87

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 16, 0.25 mile west by 0.25 mile south of center of, 

in northwest angle of crossroads, 4 feet south of corner post, on top of 

bowlder; painted circle.............................................. 946.74

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 21, at center of, in center of intersection of T road 

south, in root of 38-inch oak tree; rail spike.............................. 913.31

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 28, at center of, in northwest angle of road forks, in ' 

northeast corner of school yard, 3 feet north of corner post, 0.5 mile north 

of Fabius; iron post stamped "913 Mich.".............................. 913.133
PEIMAEY LEVELING. 29

Feet.

Fabius, in front of station; top of rail...............................'...... 901.1

Fabius, 0.25 mile east of, in southwest angle of T road south, 5 feet east of 

corner post, in root of 20-inch elm tree; copper nail.................... 904.23

T. 6 S., R. 12 W., sec. 33, 450 feet north of southeast corner of, in southwest 

angle of T road south, 60 feet south by 10 feet west of center of road intersection, in top of stump; copper nail.................................. 888. 68

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., sec. 10,. 190 feet south by 22 feet east of northwest corner 

of, in southeast angle of T road east, in top of 18-inch white-oak stump; 

copper nail........................................................... 896.95

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., sec. 9, 300 feet north of quarter corner on east side of, 

in northwest angle of road forks, 400 feet northwest of brick schoolhouse, 3 feet north of corner post; iron post stamped "885 Mich."........ 885. 649

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., sec. 10, quarter corner on south side of, in northeast angle ' 

of road forks, south end of row of maple trees, in root of 13-inch maple 

tree; copper nail.........................°.......................... 818. 69

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., 0.2 mile sputh of quarter corner on east side of sec. 15, in 

northwest angle of crossroads, 2 feet north of corner post, in base of telephone pole; rail spike................................................. 801.11

Constantine, soutHwest corner of intersection of upper Mottville road and 

North Washington Street, 2 feet south of corner post; iron post stamped 

"781 Mich.".......'................................................. . 781.838

Constantine, south side of power house, below dam on St. Joseph River, 

atfoptof race; surface of water, Nov. 26,1913........................... 770. 6

Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. bench mark, in base of semaphore 

post; track spike (railroad elevation, 224.65)........................... 797. 56

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 18, southwest corner of, 1.4 miles northeast of Constantine, in northeast angle of road forks, 3 feet east of corner post, in top 

of small stump; copper nail............................................ 803. 58

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 18, 0.25 mile west of quarter corner on north side of, 

in southeast angle of T road east, 40 feet sputh of corner post, in root of 

20-inch sycamore tree; copper nail..................................... 802. 22

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., 0.25 mile west of quarter corner between sees. 6 and 7, 30 

feet west of center of T road east, in root of 6-inch elm tree; copper nail.. 800. 73

T: 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 5, in southwest corner of, at northeast corner of 

crossroads, in school yard, 4 feet north of telephone pole; iron post stamped 

"807 Mich.".......................................................... 806.905

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 9, at northwest corner of, in southeast angle of crossroads, 5 feet north of corner post, in root of 16-inch oak tree; copper nail.. 811. 78

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 9, in northeast corner of, at southwest corner of crossroads, 20 feet south by 50 feet west of section corner, in root of 18-inch 

oak tree; copper nail.................................................. 815. 71

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 3, in southeast corner of, in northwest angle of crossroads, 20 feet north by 35 feet west of section corner, 6 feet west of corner 

post; iron post stamped "825 Mich."................................... . 825.011

T. 7 S., R. 11 W., sec. 2, in southeast corner of, in northwest angle of T 

road north, at fence corner, in base of 24-inch oak tree; copper nail...... 900.84

Centerville, 2.88 miles south by 0.5 mile west of, in northeast angle of crossroads, quarter corner on south side of sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 11 W., in corner 

fence post; rail spike................................................. 884. 85
30 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

From Klinger station west along Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. and highway 

to Mottvllle, thence northeast to Constantlne.

Klinger station, 600 feet northeast of, in southwest angle of crossroads, 2 feet 

south of corner post, about 0.1 mile south of northeast corner of sec. 12, T. peet. 

8 S., R. 11 W.; iron post stamped "858 Mich."........................ 858. 564

Klinger station, I mile west of, 180 feet southeast of Oakwood Crossing depot, 40 feet south of center of track of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern 

Ry., in root of chestnut tree; copper nail............................. 853. 52

Klinger station, 2 miles west of, on north side of Lake Shore & Michigan 

Southern Ry. right of way, 920 feet east of milestone C 124, 13 feet east 

of north-south fence line, in top of pine stump; copper nail............. 837.55

T. 8 S., R. 11 W., about 0.25 mile west of quarter corner on south side of 

sec. 3, in northwest angle of crossroads, in southwest corner of school 

yard, 3 feet north of corner post; iron post stamped "822 Mich."........ 822. 267

T. 8 S., R! 11 W., sec. 4, about 0.25 mile south of quarter corner on west 

side of, in southeast angle of crossroads, 12 feet east of corner post, in 

root of 12-inch maple tree; copper nail............................... 826.04

T. 8 S., R. 11 W., about 0.15 mile south of quarter corner on west side of 

sec. 5, in northeast angle of T road north, 18 feet south of corner post, on 

east end of 8-inch tile drain; painted square.......................... 816. 05

White Pigeon, in southeast corner of public-school yard, 2 feet north of 

corner post; iron post stamped "819 Mich."........................... 819. 220

White Pigeon, 1 mile west of, in southeast angle of crossroads, 6 feet north 

of corner post, in base of telephone pole; rail spike.................... 817. 37

White Pigeon, 2 miles west of, on northwest angle of crossroads, 60 feet west 

of corner post, 4 feet south of fence, opposite school, in root of 16-inch 

maple tree; rail spike............................................... 812. 84

T. 8 S., R. 12 W., sec. 3, just north of the southwest corner of, 3 miles west 

of White Pigeon, on the "Chicago Turnpike," in northeast angle of crossroads, 12 feet east of corner post; iron post stamped "808 Mich."........ 808.109

White Pigeon, 4 miles west of, in southeast angle of crossroads, in northwest corner of farmyard, in root of 20-inch maple tree; copper nail...... 791. 67

Mottville, 0.5 mile east of, in southeast angle of crossroads, 40 feet east of 

corner post, in base of telephone pole; rail spike...................... 788. 48

Mottville, east edge of village, in northwest angle of crossroads, in southeast corner of school yard; iron post stamped "783 Mich."............. 783.566

Mottville, at covered bridge over St. Joseph River; surface of water Nov. 

24, 1913 (12.9 feet below bridge floor)................................ 757. 3

Mottville, 0.8 mile northwest of, 27 feet east of center of road forks, in root 

of 30-inch beech tree; copper nail.................................... 795. 35

Mottville, 1.4 miles (by road) north of, just south of center of sec. 31, T. 

7 S., R. 12 W., 60 feet west by 10 feet south of center of T road north, 

4 feet west of drain, in top of 8-inch elm stump; copper nail........... 788. 97

Mottville Reservoir; surface of water Nov. 25, 1913...................... 785. 7

Mottville, 2.7 miles (by road) northeast of, just north of center of sec. 32, 

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., in southeast angle of private T road south, 1 foot south 

of corner post, in base of telephone pole; spike........................ 794. 70

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., sec. 33, 0.25 mile west of quarter corner on north side of, 

3.5 miles northeast of Mottville, on south side of Mottville-Constantine 

road, 120 feet west of center of T road north, 10 feet east of northeast 

corner of J. Massing's farmyard, in top of 30-inch elm stump; copper 

nail. ..........................................................:... 792. 40
PEIMARY LEVELING. 31

T. 7 S., R. 12 W., sec. 28, 0.4 mile east of center of, opposite center of T 

road west, 30 feet east of center of road intersection, in root of 16-inch Feet, 

elm tree; copper nail............................................... 793. 63

Constantine, 0.6 mile west of, on south side of road, opposite dim private 

road north, 180 feet northeast of red barn, 16 feet east of north-south 

fence line, in base of telephone pole; rail spike....................... 788.95

From Mottvllle south to Indiana-Michigan State line.

Mottville, east edge of village, in northwest angle of crossroads, in southeast

corner of school yard; iron post stamped "783 Mich."................. 783. 566

Mottville, 1.1 miles south of, 36 feet east by 90 feet north of center of T road

east, in field, in root on east side of 30-inch maple tree; copper nail..... 785. 94 

Mottville, 2.3 miles south of, in southwest angle of crossroads, 12 feet south

of corner post, in root of lone oak tree; copper nail.................... 789. 09

Mottville, 2.8 miles south by 0.6 mile east of, on north side of State line,

20 feet north by 14 feet west of center of T road south, in top of oak peg;

copper nail......................................................... 794. 02

From Indiana-Michigan State line north to Klinger station.

T..8 S., R. 11 W., sec. 13, near southwest corner of, on west side of stone 

bridge over channel between Pickerel and Aldridge lakes; painted circle. 819.24

Pickerel and Aldridge lakes, at bridge over channel bed; surface of water 

Dec. 19, 1913......................................................... 816.2

T. 8 S., R. 11 W., sec. 13, 0.25 mile west of quarter corner on north side of, 

in southeast angle of T road south, 50 feet east of fence corner, in root of 

13-inch elm tree; copper nail........................................ 854.76

T. 8 S., R. 10 W., sec. 7, at southwest corner of, in northeast angle of crossroads, 0.8 mile south of Klinger station, at fence corner, 10 feet north of 

telephone pole, in top of osage stump; copper nail..................... 865.87

ICh'nger station, 600 feet northeast of, in southwest .angle of crossroads, 2 

feet south of corner post, about 0.1 mile south of northeast corner of sec. 

12, T. 8 S., R. 11 W.; iron post stamped "858 Mich."................... 858.564

COLDWATER QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 45'-42°; longitude 85°-85° 15'.] ° 

From point 5 miles east of Fawn River east along highways to point near Klnderhook.

T. 8 S., R. 8 W., sec. 9, about 0.25 mile north by 0.25 mile east of center of, 

in northwest angle of T road west, 120 feet north of brick schoolhouse, in 

root of 20-inch maple tree; copper nail............................... 915.32

T. 8 S., R. 8. W., sec. 10, at center of, in southwest angle of T road south, 38 

feet southwest of center of road intersection, in root of 18-inch maple tree; 

copper nail......................................................... 933.08

T. 8 S., R. 8 W., quarter corner between sees. 10 arid 11, in northeast angle 

of crossroads, 7 feet north of corner post; iron post stamped "933 Mich.". 932. 884

T. 8 S., R. 8. W., sec. 12. near southwest corner of, 16 feet northeast of center 

of road forks, in base of telephone pole; rail spike...................... 949.30

T. 8 S., R. 7 W., sec. 7, at southwest corner of, in northeast angle of T road 

east, 50 feet east of corner post, in root of 36-inch oak tree; copper nail.. 967.13

T. 8 S., R. 7 W., sec. 7, at southeast corner of, in northwest angle of crossroads, 6 feet west of corner post; iron post stamped "993 Mich."..... ... 993.365

T. 8 S., R. 7 W., sec. 8, in southeast corner of,'200 feet west of center of 

crossroads, iu southwest corner of yard of West Gilead School, in root of 

20-inch maple tree; copper nail..:................................... 997.12
32 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 8 S., R. 7 W., sec. 9, in southeast corner of, in northwest angle of crossroads, 12 feet south of corner post, on headstone of draw; bottom of chis- peet. 

eled square.........................-.........................'........ 962.12

T. 8 S., R. 7 W., sec. 15, at northeast corner of, in southwest angle of crossroads, in northeast corner of Ira Taylor's yard, in root of 18-inch hickory 

tree; copper nail.................................................... 961.88

East Gilead, in northeast angle of crossroads, 70 feet north of Carroll's store; 

iron post stamped "981 Mich."...................................... 980.955

East Gilead, 1 mile east of, 50 feet southeast of center of crossroads, in root of 

12-inch maple tree; copper nail....................................... 978.92

T. 8 S., R. 6 W., quarter corner between sees. 7 and 18, at center of T road 

south, on highest point of section stone; painted circle................. 987.84

T. 8 S., R. 6 W., sec. 17, near the northwest corner of, in southeast angle of 

T road south, at fence corner, in root of 15-inch maple tree; copper nail.. 1,005.86

T. 8 S., R. 6 W., about 0.4 mile south of quarter corner between sees. 8 and 9, 

opposite center of T road south. 40 feet north of center of road intersection, 

in top of 6-inch hickory stump; copper nail........................... 1, 024.67

Kinderhook, l.mile south of, on west shore of Silver Lake, in northwest angle 

of T road west, 12 feet north of corner post; iron poststamped "999 Mich." 999.592

Silver Lake; surface of water October 31, 1913......................... 991.9

KALAMAZOO QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 15'-42° 30'; longitude 85° 30'-85° 45'.]

From point near Martin south along Grand Rapids <fc Indiana Ry. to Kalamazoo,- 

thence south along Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. 2 miles.

Martin, 2.4 miles south of, 3.4 miles north of Plainwell, 330 feet west of railrailroad, at northeast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped '' 787 Mich.'' 786.680

Plainwell, 2.57 miles north of, at southwest corner of T road east at railroad 

crossing, corner of property with railroad right of way; vertical T rail; 

highest point painted "732.3 "....................................... 732.47

Plainwell, 1.96 miles north of, on west side of south abutment of iron-girder 

bridge over Willow Creek; chiseled square marked "727.2 "............. 727.34

Plainwell, 0.75 mile north of, 40 feet east of railroad, 30 feet south of public 

road, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike marked "727.1."............ 727.28

Plainwell, 185 feet south of, 100 feet northwest of crossing of Grand Rapids 

& Indiana and Lake Shore & Michigan Southern railroads and electric 

railroad; iron post stamped "738 Mich."............................... 737. 914

Plainwell, 0.81 mile south of, 25 feet east of railroad, 30 feet south of public 

road at railroad crossing, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike marked 

"731.8".'.............................,..../......................... 731.92

Plainwell, 1.21 miles south of, on east side of south abutment of bridge over

Kalamazoo River; chiseled square marked "734.8 ".................... 734. 93

Kalamazoo River; surface of water, 9.40 a. m., September 10.............. 724

Plainwell, 2.51 miles south of, 50 feet east of railroad, 25 feet north of. public 

road, 0.5 mile north of water tank; iron post stamped "737 Mich."...... 737.245

Cooper, 2.22 miles north of, 45 feet east of railroad, 100 feet south of public 

road, 0.16 mile south of water tank, in base of telephone pole; rail spike 

painted "739.6".........................................:........... 739.72

Cooper, 1.19 miles north of, 70 feet east of.railroad, 25 feet south of private 

crossing, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted " 747.3 ".......... 747.46

Cooper, 120 feet southeast of, 60 feet north of public road, 60 feet east of 

railroad, on railroad right of way; iron post stamped "764 Mich."...... 763. 727

Cooper, 1 mile south of, at private railroad crossing, east end of 2-foot steel 

drain under railroad; highest point on small flange; painted "772.7"... 772. 91
PRIMARY LEVELING. 33

Cooper, 2.14 miles south of, on inside of large curve, 0.2 mile north of milepost marked "R. 189, M. 271," 20 feet west of railroad, on large granite Feet, 

bowlder; chiseled square marked "770.0".............................. 770.18

Cooper, 2.52 miles south of, 2.81 miles north of Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. 

station at Kalamazoo, in west side of north abutment of concrete bridge; 

tablet stamped "766 Mich.".......................................... 766. 511

Kalamazoo, 2.23 miles north of, 50 feet west of railroad, 15 feet north of 

second-class road, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike.................. 755. 32

Kalamazoo, 0.99 mile north of, 30 feet north of milepost marked "R. 187, M. 

273," on south side of east end of concrete arch culvert; chiseled square. 765. 31

Kalamazoo, 0.21 mile north of, 25 feet northeast of Grand Rapids & Indiana 

and Michigan Central railroad crossing, on southwest corner of concrete 

signal stand, on head of bolt that fastens signal stand to concrete base; 

highest point painted "772.5"......................................... 772. 91

Kalamazoo, Michigan Central R. R. station; top of rail.................... 778. 7

Kalamazoo, Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. station; top of rail............. 769. 9

Kalamazoo, in north end of door sill at east entrance to courthouse; tablet 

stamped "793 Mich."................................................. 793.352

Kalamazoo, 0.32 mile south of Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. station, 30 feet 

south of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. crossing, opposite signal 

tower, on concrete base of support for signal arm; chiseled square painted 

"761.0"............................................................ 761. 38

Kalamazoo, 1.41 miles south of Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. station, 1.1 

miles south of Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. crossing on Lake Shore & 

Michigan Southern Ry., 40 feet west of R. Somers grocery, 25 feet east of 

railroad, on north side of concrete sidewalk, 1 foot from telegraph pole; 

chiseled square painted "775.0"....................................... 775. 37

Kalamazoo, -2 miles south of crossing of Grand Rapids & Indiana and Lake 

Shore & Michigan Southern railroads, 75 feet northeast of water tank, on 

southwest corner of concrete foundation to water tank; chiseled square 

painted "806.0"..................................................... 806. 38

READING QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 45'-42°; longitude 84° 45'-85°.] 

From point near Klnderhook along highways east and south to Camden.

Kinderhook, 1 mile south by 1 mile east of, on north side of road, 100 feet

east of north-south fenqe line, in root of small hickory stump; copper nail. 1,017. 72 

T. 8 S., R. 6 W., about 0.15 mile north of quarter corner between sees. 13

and 14,55 feet southeast of junction of T road south, at corner of rail fence;

iron post stamped "1021 Mich."....................................... 1,020.866

T. 8 S., R. 5 W., sec 18, at center of, 3 miles north of Fremont, Ind., at

center of crossroads, on section stone; chiseled circle.................... 1,048.11

T. 8 S., R. 5 W., sec. 17, quarter corner on east side of, in northwest angle of

crossroads, 12 feet west of corner post; iron post stamped '' 1061 Mich.".. 1,061.583 

T. 8 S., R. 5 W., sec. 16, quarter corner on east side of, in northwest angle

of crossroads, in root of lone 4-foot oak tree; copper nail................ 1,071. 21

T. 8 S., R. 5 W., sec. 14, quarter corner on west side of, in northeast angle

of Troad north, 30 feet east of corner, in root of 12-foot elm tree; copper

nail................................................................. 1,089. 46

T. 8 S., R. 5 W., sec. 14, quarter corner on east side of, in southwest angle

of crossroads, in northeast corner of school yard; iron post stamped "1085

Mich."............................................................. 1,085. 017

44137° Bull. 559 14 3
34 SPIBIT LEVELING IN MICHIC4AN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 8 S., R. 5 W., sec. 13, quarter corner on east side of, at jog in road, 30 feet , 

west of Branch-Hillsdale county line, 3 feet east of telephone pole, in top Feet, 

of stump, in copper washer; spike..................................... 1,073. 74

Montgomery, opposite public school, 80 feet northeast of center of crossroads, in root of 14-inch oak tree; copper nail........................... 1, 046. 95

T. 8 S., R. 4 W., sec. 17, quarter corner on east side of, in northwest angle of 

T road west, 5 feet west of corner post, 2.7 feet east of 6-inch white-oak tree, 

in limestone rock, 6 inches below surface of ground; bronze tablet stamped 

"1039 Mich."........................................................ 1, 039. 087

T. 8 S., R. 4 W., sec. 16, quarter corner on south side of, 8 feet north of center 

of turn in road, 20 feet southwest of fence corner, highest point on rock; 

painted circle....................................................... 1,066. 92

Camden, at north edge of village, 150 feet south of road forks, creek crossing 

on main north-south street, west end of stone abutment, top course; 

bottom of chiseled square............................................. 986. 30

SCHOOLCRAFT QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42°-42° 15!; longitude 85°'30'-86° 45'.]

From point near Ealamazoo south along Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. to 

point 1 mile south of Moore Park.

Portage, 3.2 miles north of, 3 feet north of public road, 25 feet west of railroad, about 300 feet southwest of a park; iron post stamped "822"...... 822. 568

Portage, 2.15 miles north of, vertical T rail at south end of rack for extra 

rails, 60 feet south of railroad crossing, 100 feet south of post marked 

"Sec. 11 and 12," highest point painted "851.3"....................... 851. 52

Portage, 1.15 miles north of, at south end of rack for rails, at mile sign 

marked "W P 31, G R 64/'; top of vertical T rail painted "847.0 " ..... 847.19

Portage, at the southeast corner of crossroads, 100 feet northeast of station, 

300 feet west of post office; iron post stamped "866 "................... 866. 608

Portage, 1.09 miles south of, 100 feet east of public road, 450 feet south of 

J. S. Chubb's residence, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted 

"874.7 "........................................:.. ...:........'........ 874. 87

Portage, 2.13 miles south of, 2 feet west of railroad property line, in public 

road, in root of hickory tree 20 inches in diameter; rail spike painted 

"884.9 "............. '.'. .............................;.....;!......... 885.12

Portage, 3.22 miles south of, on east side of public road, opposite Frank Van 

IToesen's residence, 200 feet north of railroad crossing; iron post stamped 

; ' 882 "................................................. '............. 882.473

Schoolcraft, 1.95 miles north of, at railroad crossing, 25 feet west of railroad, 

on north side of pub He road, in top of 1-foot oak stump; rail spike painted 

"867.0 "..........................................,.................. 867. 21

Schoolcraft, 0.96 mile north of, on east side of railroad, in base of telegraph 

pole; rail spike painted "879.5"..................................... 879. 70

Schoolcraft, 80 feet north of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. station, . 

2 feet east of west property line, 2 feet north of public road, on'railroad 

right of way; iron post stamped "879 "......'......................... 879. 386

Lake Shore & Michigan Southern and Grand Trunk railroad crossing...... 876. 9

Schoolcraft, 1 mile south of, on east side of concrete foundation to signal for 

railroad crossing; chiseled square marked "874.3"...................... 874.54,

Schoolcraft, 1.66 miles south of, 25 feet east of railroad, 35 feet south of 

public road, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted "887.4"...... 867. 58

Schoolcraft, 2.64 miles south of, on east side of railroad, 100 feet north of 

public road, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted "858.4 "...... 858. 61
PRIMARY LEVELING. 35

Flowerfield station, 400 feet south of, on east side of public road, opposite Feet. 

T road west; iron post stamped "855 "............................... 854.812

Flowerfield station, 1 mile south of, near center of sec. 7, T. 5 S., R. 11W., 

in base of railroad-crossing sign, 20 feet west of railroad, 12 feet north of 

public road; rail spike painted "848.0".............................. 848.23

Flowerfield station, 1.5 miles south of, 0.4 mile west of northeast corner of 

sec. 18, T. 5 S., R. 11 W., 25 feet east of railroad, 40 feet south of public 

road, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted "8.51.8"............. 851.98

Moore Park, 0.92 mile north of, 0.4 mile west of northeast corner of sec. 19, 

T. 5 S., R. 11 W., 100 feet south of public road, 25 feet east of railroad, in 

base of telegraph polep rail spike painted "845.2"...................... 845.43

Moore Park station, 500 feet south of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry., 

station, about 300 feet west of southeast corner of SW. £ sec. 19, T. 5 S., 

R. 11 W., on north side of public road, 2 feet west of railroad right of way; 

iron post stamped "833"............................................. 832.758

Moore Park, 1 mile south of. about 0.4 mile west of southeast corner of 

sec. 30, T. 5 S., R. 11 W., 40 feet south of public road, 25 feet west of 

railroad, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted "829.7 "......... 829. 91 .

STtTRGIS QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 45'-42°; longitude85° 15'-85° 30'.]

From point near Klinger east along Lake Shore &, Michigan Southern Ry. to Sturgis, 

thence south and east along highways to point 5 miles east of Fawn River.

Klinger station, 2.1 miles east of, in southwest angle of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. and highway crossing, in base of crossing post; rail 

spike............................................................... 883.18

Klinger station, 3.13 miles east of, in southeast angle of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. and highway crossing, 52 feet south of center of track, 

2 feet west of fence; iron post stamped "893 Mich."................... 893. 080

Kliuger station, 4.15 miles east of, in southwest angle of Lake Shore & 

Michigan Southern Ry. and -highway crossing, 35 feet south of center of 

track, in root of 20-inch maple stump; rail spike...................... 905.19

Sturgis, 0.35 mile west of, in southeast angle of Lake Shore & Michigan 

Southern Ry. and highway crossing, 15 feet southeast of crossing board, 

in base of telephone pole; rail spike................................... 913.05

Sturgis, 450 feet west of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry. station, 11 

feet north of lone maple tree in station park; iron post stamped "921 

Mich."............................................................. 920.828

Sturgis, in front of station; top of rail..".......:.......................... 922. 3

Sturgis, at east corporate limits, in northwest corner of East Chicago St. 

and Lake View Ave., in root of 18-inch maple tree; spike.............. 930. 27

Sturgis, 1.3 miles south by 0.5 mile east of, T. 8 S., Rs. 9 and 10 W., corner 

of sees. 7 and 18, and 12 and 13, respectively, on highest point on section 

stone; painted square.........;..................................... 898. 44

T. 8 S., R. 9 W., sec. 18, at northeast corner of, in southwest angle, 90 feet 

west of center of cross roads, 65 feet northwest of Narbor schoolhouse, in 

root of 16-inch maple tree; rail spike. ................................. 905.40

T. 8 S., R. 9 W., sec. 16, at quarter corner on north side of, in southeast 

angle of T road south, 8 feet west of corner post, highest point on large 

granite boulder; painted square.......;.............................. 907. 52

Fawn River, at west edge of village, on north side of east-west street, at 

Fawn River Union Church, east end of concrete steps, on first step; bottom of chiseled square................................................ 890.10
36 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 8 S., R. 9 W., sec: 10, at center of, 0.6 mile northeast of Fawn River, at

center of road forks, 250 feet south of red brick barn, in center of tri- Feet.

angular grass plot; iron post stamped '' 905 Mich "...................... 905. 609

T. 8 S., R. 9 W., sec. 11, at center of, opposite T road north, 36 feet south

of center of road intersection, in root on north side of buckeye tree;

copper nail......................................................... 911. 06

T. 8 S.. R. 9 W., sec. 12, at center of opposite T road west, 48 feet'east of

center of road intersection, in root on west side of 26-inch oak tree; rail

spike............................................................... 923.10

T. 8 S., Rs. 8 and 9 W., corner of sees. 7 and 18 and 12 and 13, respectively,

St. Joseph-Branch county line, center of T road north, in foot of 24-inch

oak tree; copper nail................................................. 922. 65

T. 8 S., R. 8 W., sec. 18, at northeast corner of, in southwest angle of T road

south, 15 feet south of corner post; iron post stamped ' '917 Mich "........ 917. 689

T. 8 S., R. 8 W., sec. 8, 0.25 mile north of center of, opposite T road east,

in southeast comer of H. N. Good's farmyard, in b.ase of telephone pole;

rail spike........................................................... 914. 33

WAYLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 30M2° 45'; longitude 85° 3W-S50 45'.]

From point near Moline south along Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry. to point 1.8 miles

south of Martin.

Moline, 0.9 mile north of, at first railroad crossing, 40 feet east of railroad, 

27 feet north of public road, in base of telegraph pole; rail spike painted 

"778.3"........................................................... 778. 39

Moline, in northwest corner of public school yard; iron post stamped "805 

Mich "..................................................,......... -805. 474

Moline, in front of station; top of rail................................... 806. 8

Moline, 0.71 mile south of, at first railroad crossing, 20 feet west of railroad, 

20 feet east of public road, 30 feet south of crossing, in base of telephone 

pole; rail spike painted "786.0". ................................... 786.12

Moline, 1.5 miles south of, 3.3 miles north of Wayland, on east side of railroad, about 1,000 feet northeast of large barn, in base of telegraph pole; 

rail spike................................................. .'i........ 766. 54

Moline, 2.24 miles south of, 2.56 miles north of Wayland, 45 feet west of 

railroad, 20 feet north of public road, about 0.5 mile north of milepost. 

marked ' 'M. 245 "; iron post stamped ' '756 Mich ".................... 756. 592

Wayland, 1.51 miles north of, on Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry., 10 feet west 

of electric railroad, on north side of public" road, in center of west end 

of concrete culvert under electric railroad; chiseled square marked 

"739.6". .......................................................... 739.75

Wayland, 1 mile north of, 20 feet north of milepost marked "R. 214 M. 246," 

first drift bolthead at southeast corner of trestle; highest point marked 

"743.0" .................. 1;.................................'...... 743.65

Wayland, about 200 feet southwest of station, on north side of public road, 

5 feet west of railroad right of way; iron post stamped'' 746 Mich "....... 746.074

Wayland, 0.77 mile south of, 30 feet east of public road, in base of telephone 

pole; rail spike marked "740.3".................................... 740. 43

Wayland, 1.52 miles south of, 40 feet west of railroad, 20 feet north of public 

road at railroad crossing, in base of telephone pole; rail spike marked 

"744.1"". ;......................................................... 744.23

Bradley, 0.5 mile north of, at first railroad crossing, 40 feet east of railroad, 

20 feet south of public road, in base of telephone pole; rail spike marked . 

' '762.5"........................................................... 762. 62
PRIMARY LEVELING.

Bradley, 100 feet south of, on south side of public road, 45 feet east of rail- Feet.

road; iron post stamped "784 Mich".................................. 784.406

Bradley, 0.74 mile south of, at first railroad crossing, in root of elm tree, 60

feet east of railroad on right of way, 25 feet north of public road; copper

nail marked "805.7"................................................. 805.84

Bradley, south of, on Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry., at electric overhead

crossing; top of rail........ '............... r ......................... 844. 8

Bradley, 1.64 miles south of, 1.2 miles north of Shelbyville, on top of

southwest concrete pier at overhead road crossing; chiseled square...... 851.12

Shelbyville, 0.79 mile north of, at first railroad crossing, 50 feet east of

railroad, 20 feet north of public road, in root of maple tree; rail spike

marked " 839.1"..... I............................................... 839.24

Shelbyville, 150 feet east of station, on south side of public road, 100 feet

east of railroad,'13 feet north of concrete sidewalk, 150 feet west of post

office; iron post stamped "831 Mich "................................. 831.265

Shelbyville, 0.92 mile south of, at first railroad crossing, 60 feet west of

railroad, 17 feet north of public road,.in base of telephone pole; rail spike

marked "807.2"................................................... 807.32

Shelbyville, 1.94 miles south of, at second railroad crossing, on east side of

railroad, at corner of railroad property line and south line of public road.

on T rail used us corner post; highest point marked "822.2 "........... 822.30

Martin, 0.82 mile north of, 50 feet west of railroad, on south side of public

road, in base of telephone pole; rail spike marked "822.1"............ 822.24

Martin, 150 feet east of, 7 feet south of property line of public road, on

railroad right of way; iron post stamped "832 Mich ".................. 832.499

Monteith station, 0.16 mile north of, 30 feet east of railroad, on north road

hue and east property line of railroad, on vertical T rail; highest point

marked "822.3".....'......................-........................... 822.50

Grand Rapids & Indiana and Michigan Central railroad crossing.......... 822.0

Martin, 1.83 miles south of, 50 feet west of railroad, 15 feet south of public

road, on large granite bowlder; chiseled square marked ''813.1"........ 813.22

Chesaning, Corunna, Fowlerville, Saginaw, and St.. Charles quadrangles. 

LIVINGS-TON, SAGINAW, AND SHIAWASSEE COUNTIES

The elevations in the following list were determined by primary 

leveling and accord with Bulletin 461 and with elevations determined by the Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, at Saginaw.

The leveling was done in 1913 by E. C. Bibbee.

CHESANING QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43°-43° 15'; longitude 84°-84° 15'.] 

From sec. 23, T. 7 N., R. 3 £. north along highways to sec. 29, T. 10 N., R. 4 E

T. 7 N., R. 3 E., 40 feet north by 30 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 12, Feet. 

5 miles east by 1 mile north of Owosso; iron -post stamped "750 "........ 749. 78!)

NOTE. Moved 4 feet east of this position and elevation not changed.

T. 7 N., R. 3 E., near southeast corner of sec. 2, 100 feet northwest of crossroads, on southeast corner of first step at entrance to district school No. 

5; chiseled square.................................................... 763. 91

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., near southeast corner of sec. 35, 10 feet east of northwest 

corner of crossroads, on large granite bowlder; highest point............. 754. 83

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., 125 feet northeast of southwest corner of sec. 25, on southwest corner of porch at entrance to Hart schoolhoiiBe; chiseled square... 749. 06
38 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile west of southeast corner of sec. 26, at northeast 

corner of T road north; iron post stamped ^ 1^1"........................ 746. 517

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., 400 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 23, on south side 

of east abutment of bridge over creek; chiseled square..?............... 736. 32

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., 30 feet north of southeast corner of sec. 14, on top of west 

end of stone-arch culvert; chiseled square.............................. 734. 39

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., near southwest corner of sec. 12, at northeast corner of 

crossroads; iron post stamped "730"...................................' 729. 945

T. 8 N., R. 3 E., 480 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 11, on center of 

west end of stone-arch culvert; chiseled square......................... 726. 74

T. 9 N., R. 3 E., rock marking southwest corner of sec. 36, on ShiawasseeSaginaw county line, in center of road north; highest point ............ 703. 36

T. 9 N., R. 3 E., near northeast corner of sec. 35, at southwest corner of 

crossroads; iron post stamped "689".................:................. 688. 744

T. 9 .N., R. 3 E., near northwest corner of sec. 25', on south side of west 

abutment of bridge over ditch, 12 feet southeast of center of crossroads; 

chiseled square............ % ............... ; .......................... 672. 35

T. 9 N., R. 3 E., near northwest corner of sec. 24, 20 feet southwest of center 

of crossroads, on south side of west abutment of bridge over ditch; chiseled square........................................................... 659. 39

T. 9 N., R. 3 E., near northeast corner of sec. 14, at southwest corner of 

crossroads, opposite district school No. 9, 2.5 miles due east of Chesaning; 

iron post stamped " 634 "............................................. 633.464

T. 9 N., R. 3 E., near southwest corner of sec. 1, 10 feet northeast of corner 

of crossroads, on granite bowlder; chiseled square....................... 619. 21

T. 9 N., R. 4 E., 100 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 6, 20 feet north of 

center of road; in root of 2-foot white-oak tree; copper nail............. 62]. 15

T. 9 N., R. 4 E., near southwest corner of sec. 5, at northeast corner of 

crossroads, opposite district school No. 5; iron post stamped '' 620 "...... 620. 229

T. 9 N., R. 4 E., 300 feet west of northeast corner of sec. 6, opposite T road 

north, on south side of road, 15 feet north of south fence line, in root of 

white-oak tree; copper nail........................................... 611. 74

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., 30 feet southwest of northeast corner of sec. 31, at southwest corner of crossroads, on west end of top of flange of 4-foot steel dr xin; 

highest point......................................................... 600. 50

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near northwest corner of sec. 29, at southwest corner

of crossroads, south end of flange on 4-foot steel drain; highest point...... 595. 58

CORTTNNA QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 84°-84° 15'.] 

From sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 4 E., along highways north to sec. 23, T. 7 N., R. 3 E.

T. 4 N., R. 4 E., near quarter corner on west side of sec. 7, on east side of

south abutment of iron bridge over Con way and Cohocta ditch; chiseled

square............................................................... 876.44

T. 4 N., R. 4 E., 20 feet east of quarter corner on west side of sec. 6, 150 feet

north of E. H. Young's house, oppsite T road west, in root of oak tree;

copper nail......................................................... 886. 26

T. 4 N., R. 3 E., 12 feet southwest of northwest corner of, sec., 1, on Livingston-Shiawassee county line, in top of 2-foot white-oak stump; copper nail. 877. 73 

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., 50 feet north of southwest corner of sec. 35, on west side of

road at T road north, 50 feet north of Livingston-Shiawassee county line;

iron post stamped ' '595' \........................................... 894. 629
PRIMARY' LEVELING. 39

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., near southwest corner of sec. 26, at northeast corner of Feet.

small bridge, on rock; chiseled square.................................. 861.16

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., near quarter corner on south side of sec. 26; opposite T road

north, in root of 5-foot elm tree; copper nail.. ............. i............ 881.12

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., at quarter corner on north side of sec. 26, on concrete base

to corner fence post; chiseled square.................................. 884.18

T.5N.,R.3E., near quarter corner on south side of sec. 14, on east side of

road, 200 feet north of W. L. Scribner's residence; iron post stamped "876" 875. 654 

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., 260 feet east of quarter corner on north side of sec. 14, in

root of 2-foot black-oak tree; copper nail.............................. 867. 28

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., at northwest corner of sec. 12, on concrete base of corner

fence post; chiseled square............................................ 856.40

T. 5 N., R. 3 E., near quarter corner on west side of sec. 1, 1 mile south of

Bancroft, on west side of north abutment of iron bridge over ditch;

chiseled square....................................................... 844. 61

Bancroft, 400 feet east of schoolhouse, at northeast corner of crossroads, near

center of sec. 36, T. 6 N., R. 3E.; iron post stamped "844"............. 844.432

T. 6 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile west of quarter corner on east side of sec. 26, at

southwest corner of crossroads, in center of east end of water trough;

chiseled square....................................................... 839. 42

T. 6 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile west by 0.1 mile south of northeast corner of sec.

23, 300 feet north of N. P. Harder's residence, on fence line on west side

of road, opposite T road east, on large bowlder; chiseled square........... 837. 45

T. 6 N., R. 3 E., near center of sec. 14, 25 feet south of public road, in root of

2-foot white-oak tree; copper nail....................................... 833. 60

T. 6 N., R. 3 E., in center of sec. 11, at southwest corner of crossroads; iron

post stamped " 818''........,......................................... 818.378

T. 6 N., R. 3 E., in SE. £ sec. 2, 460 feet north of Shiawassee River, on east

side of south abutment of iron bridge; chiseled square................... 771. 56

T. 6 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile west of center of sec. 2, in center of concrete

header at south end of 2-foot steel drain under road; chiseled square....... 779. 30

T. 7 N., R. 3 E., 25 feet northeast of southeast corner of sec. 35, in root of

2^-foottree, in center of road; copper nail................................ 795. 69

Larned, at crossing of Grand Trunk Ry.; top of rail...................... 787. 7

Lamed, at crossing of Ann Arbor R. R. and S. S. Lines; top of rail........ 786. 5

T. 7 N., R. 3 E., near southwest corner of sec. 25, 2.5 miles southeast of

Corunna, atnortheast corner of crossroads; iron post stamped' '756''...... 756. 256

T. 7 N., R. 3 E., 0.5 mile north of southeast corner of sec. 26, 20 feet south

of southeast corner of bridge over Shiawassee River, on retaining wall;

chiseled square....................................................... 748. 86

Shiawassee River; surface of water July 28, 1913.......................... 737

T. 7 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile south of northeast corner of sec. 23, 300 feet south

of Kincade's elevator, at northwest corner of crossroads, on large sandstone rock; chiseled square........................................... 762. 31

T. 7 N., R. 3 E.,.near northeast corner of sec. 23, in northeast corner of

porch at entrance to schoolhouse; nail head painted white ............. 767.00
40 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

FOWLERVILLE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 30'-42° 45'; longitude 84°-84° 15'.] 

From sec. 14, T. 4 IT., R. 3 E., east along highway to sec. 18, T. 4 N., R. 4 E.

T. 4 N., R. 3 E., center of line between sees. 13 and 14, directly in front of J.

B. Fuller's house, in small grass plot at junction with T road; iron post Feet.

stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 1, 907"................................ 906.815

T. 4 N., R. 4 E., 30 feet north of quarter corner on west side of sec. 18, on

large rock; chiseled square............................................ 909. 95

SAGINAW QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 15'-43° 30'; longitude 83° 45-84.] 

From sec. 20, T. 10 N., R. 4 E., north to Saglnaw.

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near quarter corner on east side of sec. 21,25 feet southwest 

of center of crossroads, at southwest corner of bridge over ditch, on top of 

T rail for abutment; highest point.................................... 593. 64

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near quarter corner on east side of sec. 22, 30 feet west by 

. 30 feet south of center of T road west; iron post stamped " 600''........ 599.450

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near southwest corner of sec. 14, in center of west end of 

concrete box culvert, 20 feet east of northwest corner of crossroads; 

chiseled square...........................................:........... 598.03

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., 1,000 feet north of southeast corner of sec. 11, on west side 

of road, in root of water-maple tree; copper nail......................... 601. 50

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near southeast corner of sec. 2, at northwest corner of 

crossroads; iron post stamped "595''.................................. 594. 785

T. 10 N.,R. 4 E., 2,000 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 2, on west side of 

north abutment of iron bridge over ditch; chiseled square............... 595.19

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., near center of sec. 35, in southwest corner of crossroads, 

in root of 14-inch maple tree; copper nail.............................. 596.47'

Flint River; surface of water August 4, 1913.............................. 586. 6

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., 30 feet west by 35 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 26, 

at southwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped '' 596''............. 595. 809

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., 20 feet west by 20 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 

23, on west end of steel drain under pike; highest point................. 591. 31

C.ass River; surface of water August 5, 1913.............................. 501.1

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., at northeast corner of bridge over Cass River, in top of 12 

by 20-inch stringer on top of piling; copper nail....................... 588. 50

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., 0.7 mile south of South Saginaw (in Forest Lawn Cemetery), on west side of north abutment of bridge over ditch; chiseled square. 585. 98

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., 0.25 mile north of southwest corner of sec. 36, in forks of 

East Street and Washington Avenue in South Saginaw; iron post stamped 

"600"................................................................ 599.314

South Saginaw, Washington Avenue and Hess Street; intersection ...... 593.3

South Saginaw, on east side of sec. 35, T. 12 N., R. 4 E., at corner of Center 

Street and Washington Avenue, in front of Moeller's drug store, on curb, 

3 feet east of fire plug and 3 feet west of pump; chiseled square.......... 598. 60

South Saginaw, intersection of Washington Avenue and W'ebber Street... 594. 7

Saginaw, southwest corner of Washington Avenue and Bristol Street, 1 foot 

east of hitching post, 200 feet southwest to City Hall, on curb; chiseled 

square............................................................... 601. 39

Saginaw, in cement walk at head of stairs on south side of east approach of 

the Genesee Street bridge; circular copper plate (U. S. C. E. B. M.)..... 598.889
PRIMARY LEVELING. 41

From Saginaw along streets to West Saglnaw.

West Saginaw, at northwest corner of Salt and Center streets, on top of Feet.

catch basin at east end of curb; paint spot............................. 599. 90

West Saginaw, northwest corner of Michigan Avenue and Wheeler Street,

near A. T. Farrell Manufacturing Co.'s plant, on top of catch basin;

paint spot........................................................... 599. 34

ST. CHARLES QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 15'-43° 30'; longitude 84°-84° 15'.] 

From sec. 29, T. 10 N., R. 4 E., northeast along highway to sec. 20, T. 10 IT., R. 4 E.

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near center of sec. K), at southwest corner of McDonald's 

Corners, 1 mile south of Alicia post office; iron post stamped "595 "..... 594. 644

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., 0.25 mile west of center of sec. 20', 60 feet north of public 

road, in root of 20-inch white-oak tree; copper nail..................... 597. 32

From West Saginaw north along highway to southeast corner of sec. 32, T. 13 N., 

R. 4 E., thence west 5.5 miles, thence south to point near Swan Creek post office, 

thence east to West Saginaw.

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., 0.25 mile west of center of sec. 33, 12 feet northeast of ' 

southwest corner of T road south, at Vogt Corners, in root of 3-foot elm 

tree; copper nail.................................................... 595. 78

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., near quarter corner on east side of sec. 29, at northwest 

corner of crossroads, southeast corner of Otto school yard; iron post 

stamped "604"...................................................... 604.030

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., near quarter corner on wesfrside of sec. 21, at southeast 

corner of crossroads, in root of poplar tree; copper nail.......~......... 620. 58

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., 25 feet north by 30 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 16, 

in root of pine stump; copper nail..................................... 627. 08

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., near southeast corner of sec. 8, at west abutment of concrete box culvert, on west side of north end of wing wall; chiseled square. 626. 28

T. 12 N., R. 4 E., 20 feet west by 20 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 8, 

on west end of concrete box culvert; chiseled square.................. 627.32

T. 13 N., R. 4 E., 25 feet north by 25 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 32; 

iron post stamped "627 "....-........................................ 626. 262

T. 13 N., R. 4 E., 165 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 31, in northeast 

corner of foundation for scales, 70 feet west of Lawndale station, head of 

drift-bolt; highest point.............................................. 636. 71

T. 13 N., R. 4 E., 30 feet north by 30 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 31, 

in base of sugar-maple tree; 40-penny spike........................... 627. 64

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 30 feet west by 30 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 2, 

at southwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped " 627 "............. 627. 218

T. 13 N., R. 3 E., 25 feet north by 25 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 35, 

about 200 feet east of Tittabawassee River, in root of maple tree; copper . 

nail ................................................................. 614.89

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 100 feet west by 20 feet south of northwest corner of'sec. 3, 

in top of 3-foot elm stump; copper nail................................ 621. 46

T. 13 N., R. 3 E., 0.5 mile east of southwest corner of sec. 33, in yard opposite T road south, in root of poplar tree; copper nail.................... 620.84

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 60 feet west by 20 feet north of quarter corner on south 

side of sec. 4, at northeast corner of bridge, on T rail used to support 

wing wall; highest point.............................:............... 603. 33

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile north of Frost, northwest wing wall to iron 

bridge over Swan Creek; chiseled square.............................. 598. 02 ,

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 80 feet north of quarter corner on south side of sec. 9, at 

Frost, on southeast corner of scales opposite.general store; top of bolthead ............................................................... 607.07
42 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN1 , 1911 AND 1913.

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 300 feet south of quarter corner on south side of sec. 16,

at northwest corner of bridge over McClellan Run; sixth rivet head from Feet.

bottom of truss, highest point........................................ 599. 70

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., at center of sec. 21; iron post stamped "599 ".......... 598.627

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., 20 feet south by 30 feet west of center of sec. 28, on State

pike, in root of pine stump; bolthead................................. 608.08

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., near center of sec. 33, 20 feet south of Pere Marquette

R. R., in base of telephone pole; rail spike............................. 608. 31

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 25 feet north by 20 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 4;

iron post stamped "Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 16, 594"...................... 593. 317

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 500 feet west of northeast comer of sec. 10, on south side

of road; on Michigan Central R. R. right of way, opposite Swan Creek

postoffice; iron post stamped "595"................................... 594. 350

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 25 feet east by 20 feet south of northwest corner of

sec. 12, in base of telephone pole; rail spike............................ 594.18

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 50 feet north by 50 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 1,

in cultivated field, in root of ash tree; copper nail. ...................... 594. 75

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., 15 feet west by 12 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 7,

on southeast corner pf concrete box culvert; chiseled square............ 592.82

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., 25 feet west by 20 feet south of quarter corner on north

side of sec. 8, 50 feet west of railroad switch to mine; iron post stamped

"592"..............................,............................... 591.783

T. 11 N., R. 4 E., 0.25 mile south of northeast corner of sec. 5, 25 feet west

by 20 feet south of center of T road south, in base of telephone pole;

rail spike........'................................................... 592.12

From sec. 33, T. 13 N., R. 3 E., along highway west 5.5 miles, thence south and east to 

Swan Creek post office.

T. 13 N., R. 3 E., 25 feet north by 25 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 32, 

at northwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "617 "............. 616. 823

T. 12 N., R. 3 E., near northeast corner of sec. 6, on south end of doorsill at 

entrance to district No. 2 schoolhouse; chiseled square................. 622.14

T. 13 N., R. 2 E., 25 feet north by 30 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 36, 

at northwest corner of crossroads; iron post stamped "625"....... i..... 624. 367

T. 13 N., R. 2 E., 200 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 36, on north side 

of west abutment of iron bridge over south branch of Swan Creek; chiseled square.................^......................................... 619.20

T. 13 N., R. 2 E., near southwest corner of sec. 35, at northeast corner of 

crossroads, in corner fence post, 5 feet above ground; rail spike.......... 630.50

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 40 feet south by 30 feet east of northwest corner of sec. 3, 

on east side of road, opposite the John C. Nafe district No. 7 schoolhouse; 

iron post stamped "637"............................,...............- 637. 019

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 25 feet west by 30 feet north of southeast corner of sec. 4, 

in root of elm tree; rail spike......................................... 638. 30

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 200 feet north by 16 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 9, 

011 wing wall at southwest corner of iron bridge over creek; .chiseled 

square. ............................................................ 636. 37

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 140 feet south by 30 feet east of quarter corner west side 

of see. 15, in southwest corner of Lunney school yard; iron post stamped 

"643"........................................,..................... 643.118

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 20 feet north by 20 feet west of quarter corner east side of 

sec. 21, at northwest corner of crossroads, oh west end of tile drain; highest 

point.................................:.......'..'.............'.......' 643. 93
PRIMARY LEVELING. 43

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 20 feet north by 20 feet west of quarter corner on east side 

of sec. 28, 400 feet east of Hemlock post office, in base of telephone pole; Feet, 

rail spike............................................................ 649.25

T. 12 N., R. 2 E., 320 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 33, on west side 

of north abutment of concrete bridge; chiseled square................. 646.02

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 20 feet west by 35 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 4; 

iron post stamped " 641"............................................. 640. 481

T. 11N..R.2E., 150 feet southwest of northeast corner of sec. 9, on northwest corner of porch at entrance to Cleveland schoolhouse; chiseled 

square. ............................................................ 640.1.9

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 25 feet north by-12 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 2, 

in root of pine stump; rail spike..................................... 629. 26

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 700 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 1, 4 feet northeast 

of northeast corner of small bridge; on T rail support to wing wall; highest 

point............................................................... 621.46

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 25 feet south by 25 feet west of northeast corner of sec. 12, 

at southwest corner of crossroads; iron.post stamped "609 "............. 608. 682

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 20 feet west by 30 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 7, 

in root of pine stump; copper nail................................... 606. 20

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 100 feet east by 20 feet north of southwest corner of sec. 4, 

in root of pine 'stump; 20-penny spike................................ 606. 23

From Swan Creek south along Michigan Central R. R. to Fergus, thence east to point

near Allcla.

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 0.25 mile north of southeast corner of sec. 9, 50 feet north 

of railroad, 25 feet west of public road, in corner fence post 011 railroad 

right of way; rail epike............................................... 589. 36

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., NW. J sec. 16, on west side of public road, 60 feet south 

of railroad, in-root of maple tree; rail spike............................ 596. 71

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 30 feet west by 55 feet north of southeast corner of sec. 17, 

40 feet south of Garfield station, 1 foot east of railroad right of way; iron 

post stamped " 600 ".................................................. 599. 580

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 0.4 mile west of southeast corner of sec. 20, 10 feet west 

of railroad right of way, in brace of telephone pole; rail spike.......... 599. 74

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., 0.1 mile east of center of sec : 29, 40 feet east of railroad, 

100 feet south of public road, in base of telephone pole; rail spike...... 600. 24

T. 11 N., R. 3 E., near center of sec. 32, 40 feet east of railroad, on north side 

of public road, in base of telephone pole; rail spike.................... 601. 28

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., N. £ sec. 5, 300 feet north of St. Charles Electric Light 

and Power Co. 's house, on east side of north abutment of bridge over Bad 

River; chiseled square.............................................. 594. 74

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., sec, 5, in northeast corner of St. Charles school yard; iron 

post stamped "596". ...'............................................ 595. 837

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., SE. £ sec. 8, 1 mile south of St. Charles, in cultivated 

field, 50 feet south of public road, 70 feet west of railroad at crossing, in 

root of oak tree; rail spike............................................ 596. 49

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., E. & sec. 16, 400 feet north of milepost marked "B C 31 J 

84,'' on west side of railroad, in west side of switch stand at switch leading 

to No. 3 mine; highest point of rail spike.............................. 606. 36

T. 10 N., R! 3 E., near quarter corner on east side of sec. 20, opposite Fergus 

post office, on north side oi public road, 50 feet east of railroad; iron post

. stamped "602"..........'............................................ 601.706

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., 1,200 feet east of quarter corner on west side of sec. 22, 

on north side of west abutment of iron bridge over Shiawassee River; 

oli iselerl square..................................................... COH. 'fiil
44 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, IfUl AND 1913.

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., 15 feet north, by 15 feet west of quarter corner on east side Feet.

of sec. 22, on west end of concrete arch culvert; chiseled square........ 594.44

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., 20 feet south by 10 feet east of quarter corner on west side

of sec. 24, on northeast corner of small bridge; top of bolthead.......... 594. 75

T. 10 N., R. 4 E., near quarter corner on west side of sec. 19, in base of telephone pole, about 6 inches above ground; 60-penny spike............. 596.19

From sec. 9, T. 11 N., R. 2 E., south and east along highways to Fergus.

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 20 feet west by 50 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 16,

in root of elm tree, 2 feet east of trunk; copper nail.................... 631. 83

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 27 feet west by 30 feet south of center of sec. 16, at southwest corner of T road west; iron post stamped "629 ".................. 628. 244

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 15 feet west by 20 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 21,

on west end of concrete arch culvert; chiseled square.................. 627. 58

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 30 feet north by 30 feet east of southwest corner of sec. 22, 

. at south entrance to E. S. Winchel'a store, on west end of second step from

bottom; chiseled square............................................. 628. 72

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 50 feet north by 10 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 28,

on center of west end of concrete arch culvert; chiseled square......... 621. 83

T. 11 N., R. 2 E., 25 feet south of southwest corner of see. 34, opposite T

road north; iron post stamped "617 "................................. 617.114

T. 10 N., R. 2 E., 70 feet west by 70 feet south of northeast corner of sec. 9,

on top of east side of well curb, in Frank Ewing's yard; paint spot...... 618. 79

T. 10 N., R. 2 E., 15 feet north by 15 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 9,

on north end of concrete culvert; chiseled square..................... 615. 32

T. 10 N., R. 2 E.", 0.2 mile north of southwest corner of sec. 15, in southwest

corner of Brant school yard; iron post stamped "612 ".................. 612.101

T. 10 N., R. 2 E., 200 feet west of northeast corner of sec. 22, 1 foot east of

southeast corner of bridge over Old Canal, on steel wing wall; paint spot. 602. 09 

T. ION., R. 2 E., 100 feet northwest of southeast corner of sec. 14, at entrance

to Ring schoolhouse, on southeast corner of concrete porch; chiseled

square............................................................. 606. 79

T. 10 N., R. 2 E., in center of T road south, at northeast corner of SE. |-

sec. 14; on rock marking corner; highest point....................... 609. 68

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., 30 feet south by 25 feet east of quarter corner on west side

of sec. 18; iron post stamped "605 "..............................-... 604. 836

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., in east part of sec. 18, 50 feet south of T road, on east side

of road, in root of 15-inch oak tree; copper nail........................ 600. 67

T. 10N.,R.3E.,0.3 mile west of northeast corner of sec. 19, at northeast

corner of small bridge, on granite rock in wing wall; chiseled point on

highest part......................................................... 600.07

T. 10 N., R. 3 E., 20 feet south by 20 feet west of quarter corner on north

side of sec. 20, on west end of concrete arch culvert; chiseled square.... 601. 08

Houghton quadrangle.

HOUGHTON COUNTY.

The elevations in the following list were determined by primary 

levels and accord with elevations for Houghton given in Bulletin 461. 

The leveling was done in 1911 by Howard Clark.
PRIMARY LEVELING. 45

HOUGHTON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 47°-47° 15'; longitude 88° 30'-88° 45'.] 

From Houghton south along highways to Chassell, thence west to Painesdale.

Hough ton, in lawn in front of main building of School of Mines, 18 feet 

east of walk leading directly east from main building, 54 feet from walk Feet. 

from building; iron post stamped "695 ".............................. 694. 523

Houghton, 1.1 miles southeast of, at Isle Royale copper mine, sec. 5, T. 54 

N., R. 33 W., on west side of highway at T road; spike in base of telephone 

pole............................................................... 664. 64

T. 54 N., R. 33 W., southeast corner of sec. 5, 2.1 miles southeast of Houghton, at Pilgrim station, on east'side of highway; spike in base of telephone 

pole............................................................... 617. 97

T. 54 N., R. 33 W., northeast corner of sec. 17, at T road, 3.4 miles southeast of Houghton; iron post stamped "621"........................... 620. 527

Chassell, 1 mile north of, at T road, northeast corner of sec. 32, T. 54 N., 

R. 33 W., on east side of highway; spike in base of telephone pole.... 620.01

Chassell, in middle of village, at street crossing, southeast corner of sec. 

32, T. 54 N., R. 33 W.; iron post stamped "625":.......... v ....... 624.878

Chassell," 1.2 miles west of, at road crossing, northwest corner of sec. 6, 

T. 53 N., R. 33 W.; spike in base of fence post....................... 863.49

T. 53 N., R. 34 W., northwest corner of sec. 12,. 2.2 miles west by 1 mile 

south of Chassell; spike in root of stump............................. 966.39

T. 53 N., R. 34 W., sec. 11, 3 miles west by 1.8 miles south of Chassell, in 

rock near Adolph Poisson's residence; aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. 

Trav. Sta. No. 2, 988".............................................. 988.178

T. 53 N., R. 34 W., sec. 3, 4 miles east of Painesdale, at Issac Beltry's residence; spike in root of stump holding flagpole ....................... 873.94

T. 54 N., R. 34 W., west side of sec. 34, at T road, 2.5 miles east of Painesdale; copper nail in root of stump................................... 914.35

Painesdale, Copper Range R. R. station, 10 feet east of northeast corner 

of; copper nail in platform ......................................... 1, 203. 92

From Houghton north along highways to lighthouse at ship canal entry.

Houghton, in stone foundation wall of brick building of L. Hennes & Co., 

north face of wall, about 3 feet from northeast corner, 5 feet above ground; 

aluminum tablet stamped "612 ".................................... 611. 568

T. 55 N., R. 34 W., sec. 34, 2.1 miles northwest of Houghton, at road forks, 

on north side of highway, 20.0 feet north of overhead crossing; spike in 

base of fence post.................................................. 641.12

T. 55 N., R. 34 W., sec. 28, 2.8 miles northwest of Houghton, at Michigan 

Smelts, at road forks; spike in base of telephone pole................. 619.08

T. 55 N., R. 34 W., northeast corner of sec. 20, at T road, 5.1 miles northwest of Houghton; iron post stamped "714"......................... 713.986

T. 55 N., R. 34 W., sec. 8, 6.6 miles northwest of Houghton, at Oskar, in 

front of residence; spike in base of telephone pole.................... 616.88

T. 55 N., R. 34 W., sec. 4, at lane leading to farm, 8.1 miles northwest of 

Houghton, in field on east side of highway; spike in base of telephone 

pole.............................................................. 675. 74

T. 56 N., R. 34 W., sec. 28,10.6 miles northwest of Houghton, at ship canal 

entry, on lawn in front of lighthouse, at base of flagpole; iron post 

stamped "624" ..,.....,,,.,.,.,'...,.......,....................... 624. 060
46 SPIKIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913. v

From point 4.8 miles east of Redridge west along highway to Redridge, thence south \ 

along Copper Range R. R. to Painesdale. ' ' 

T. 55 N., R. 34 W., sec. 18, 4.8 miles east of Redridge, at lane leading to

Dr. Stinback's residence, on north side of highway, in root of large stump; Feet.

copper nail......................................................... 720.33 s

T. 55 N., R. 35 W., southeast corner of sec. 13, at road crossing, 3.8 miles east \

of Redridge, in base of fence post; copper nail........................ 734.13

T. 55 N., R. 35 W., south side of sec. 14, 2.3 miles east of Redridge, in ;

corner of field on north side of highway; iron post stamped '' 832 "...... 831. 940

Redridge, on railroad trestle over spillway of reservoir, in southwest corner

of west concrete abutment; aluminum tablet stamped "Prim. Trav.

Sta. No. 6, 692 "........ v ........................................... 692. 364

Salmon Trout, 0.7 mile west of, 1,600 feet west of bridge; spike in base of

whistle post....................................................... 761. 34

Salmon Trout, south side of railroad, 1,600 feet east of bridge, at base of

telephone pole; iron post stamped " 781 ".....-..............I........ 780. 805

Salmon Trout, 1 mile east of switch, on south side of railroad opposite milepost; spike in base of telephone pole.......................;......... 847.82

Obenhoff, 0.7 mile west of, on south side of railroad; spike in base of

whistle post....................................................... 963.42.

Obenhoff, 100 feet east of east end of switch, on south side of railroad near

telephone pole; iron post stamped ."998 ".............:............... 997. 898

Obenhoff, 1 mile east of station, on south side of railroad opposite milepost;

spike in base of telephone pole.................................. .. 1,049. 95

Mill Mine Junction, 1 mile northwest of, 100 feet south of milepost, on west

side of railroad; spike in base of telephone pole....................... 1,127.19

Mill Mine Junction, in southwest corner of platform at station, 4 feet northeast from railroad crossing, 1 foot above level of track; copper nail.... 1,128. 43

South Range railroad station, in southwest corner of platform; copper nail.. 1,139. 77 

South Range, 20 feet southwest of southwest corner of South Range Bank

building, in yard; iron post stomped "1141".......................... 1,140. 790

South Range, 1 mile south of, on east side of railroad; spike in base of

milepost.......................................................... 1,138. 83

Trimountain, on east side of railroad, 40 feet east of northeast corner of '

station; spike in base of telephone pole............................... 1,154. 33
APPENDIX A.

ELEVATIONS ADJUSTED BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC 

SURVEY FROM PRECISE LEVELING.

Algonac, Alpena, Bay City, Bay Mills, Benton Harbor, Burnt Island, Chief, Copper 

Harbor, Croswell, Detour, Detroit, Escanaba, Fennville, Gardendale, Good Hart, 

Grindstone City, Groscap, Grossepoint, Harbor Beach, Harvey, High Island, 

Holland, Marine City, Marinette, Marquette, Monroe, Montague, Mount Clemens, 

Munising, Muskegon, Pickford, Port Huron, Eaber, Eock, Saginaw, St. Ignace, 

Sault Ste. Marie, South Fox Island, South Haven, South Manitou, Whiskey, and 

Wyandotte quadrangles.

ALOER, ALLEGAN, ALPENA, BAY, BERRIEN, CHIPPEWA, DELTA, HURON, KEWEENAW, LEELANAU, MACKINAC, MACOMB, MANI8TEE, MAKQUETTE, MONROE, 

MUSKEGON, OTTAWA, PRESQUE ISLE, ST. CLAIR, SANILAC, AND WAYNE COUNTIES.

The following descriptions and elevations .are taken from reports 

of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Corps of Engineers, 

United States Army, and are republished by permission of the chiefs 

of those bureaus. The bench marks were established from precise 

levels by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, by the United States Lake 

Survey, by the Corps of Engineers, and by the Board on Deep 

Waterways. Most of them were included in the 1903 adjustment 

by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and were not changed by the 

1907 or the 1912 adjustment. The elevations are likely to be changed 

but slightly by any future adjustment.

ALGONACQUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 30'-42° 45'; longitude 82° 30'-82° 45'.] 

From point near New Baltimore to Marine City.

New Baltimore, in southwest end of, northwest side of Main Street, in 

front face of foundation of house owned by heirs of Edward Rose, 7 inches 

west of cellar window and 5 inches below water table; brass bolt marked Feet. 

"U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Deep Wy! P. B. M. 34)....................... 590.255

New Baltimore, 2,300 feet below Washington Street, southwest side of 

road, in fence line, just south of Ed. Rose's house, on base of willow tree 

18-inch.es in diameter; 20-penny spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. 

T.B.M.93)....-.................................................... 584.534

New Baltimore, southwest comer of Main and Washington streets, on 

corner building owned by William Baker, north side, in window base of 

west window, 9 inches east of west end of stone and 4 inches from its 

front edge; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 

33) .................................................................. 588. 611

New Baltimore, 1,900 feet above Washington Street, on east side of Main 

Street, northwest corner of Henry C. Schnoor'a residence, in water table, 

6 inches east of its west end; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." (TJ. S. 

DeepWy. P. B. M. 32).............................................. 600. 0.7§

47
48 . SPIBIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

New Baltimore, in north limits of, 345 feet south of crossing of Detroit & 

River St. Clair Ry., just east of east road fence, on base of 20-inch maple Feet. 

tree; 20-penny spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 92)........ 592.118

Anchorville, 1.2 miles west of, 0.2 mile west of Mr. Wendler's farmhouse, 

85 feet west of small bridge over gully, south side of Detroit & River St. 

Clair Ry., on base of lone 16-inch elm tree; 20-penny spike with washer 

(U. S. DeepWy. T. B. M. 91)......................................... 586.237

Anchorville, 1.2 miles east of north side of road, just north of fence in front 

of Thomas Beauvais's house, in base of 3-foot lone cottonwood tree; 

20-penny spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 89)............. 585.279.

Fair Haven, 1 mile west of, 0.5 mile east of Swan Creek, southwest corner 

of Mrs. C. Rose's house, south face, in foundation, fourth course above 

ground, second course below water table; brass bolt marked 

 "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 31)....................... 583.805

Fair Haven, at Henry C. Schnoor's stave mill, in south face of brick chimney, near boiler-room door, in tenth brick east from west face and in 

twenty-second course of brick above ground; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. 

P. B.M.30)......................................................... 583.496

Algonac, 1.2 miles west of River Street, 170 feet west of fork of back road 

to Marine City, south side of road, 3 feet south of fence; 20-penny spike 

in root of large lone oak tree (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 75)............ 586.147

Algonac, in foundation of public school building,, at northeast corner of east 

wing, in north face of corner stone; brass bolt marked ''U. S. P. B. M." 

(U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 29)......................................... 584. 900

Algonac, in foundation of town hall, on its east face, sixth brick south from 

northeast corner and in eighth course of brick above stone foundation; 

brass bolt (U. S. DeepWy. P; B. M. 28).................... °........... 585.150

Algonac, northwest corner of River and Smith streets, on foundation of 

Mr. Moore's house, south side, second stone west from southeast corner, 

2.6 feet from corner (U. S. Deep Wy. Gage B. M. R.).................. 585.162

Algonac, northeast corner of Smith and River streets, in front of J. A. 

Smith's house, on east root of 3-foot elm tree; spike with washer (U. S. 

Deep Wy. T. B. M. 73).............................................. 582.180

Roberts Landing, 1.2 miles below, on east edge of road, 230 feet below dock 

to Grummonds Grove; spike with washer in base of 2-foot hickory tree 

(U.S. DeepWy. T. B. M. 71)......................................... 581.235

Roberts Landing, 0.5 mile below, 40 feet south of lane running west between road and O'Leary's barn; spike with washer in baee of lone 2-foot 

hickory tree (U. S. DeepWy. T. B. M. 70)............................. 582.579

Roberts Landing, 0.5 mile north of, on river front, on house owned by 

D. B. Shier and A.- S. Freeman, on north face in corner brick at northwest corner of kitchen, in sixteenth course above ground; brass bolt 

(U. S. DeepWy. P. B.M. 27)...............:..... : ................... 585.202

From Algonac to lower lighthouse at St. Clair Flats Canal.

Herson Island, on east side of, in front of Porter J. White's cottage; nail in 

center of 2-inch square cut in root on east side of large basswood tree 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Herson Island)........................... 581.416

St. Clair Flats Canal, at upper end of, on north side of Upper Lighthouse, 

in northeast corner of second step of stone stairway; brass bolt marked 

"U. S.^B. M." (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Upper Light).............. 581. 576

St. Clair Flats Canal, at lower end of, on east side of Lower Lighthouse, in 

center of stone over middle cellar window; brass bolt marked "U. S.£ 

B. M." (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Lower Light)..................... 581. 212,
 ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 49

( From point 2.5 miles above Algonac to head of St. Clair Flats Canal.

/ Roberts Landing, 0.8 mile below, 2.5 miles above Algonac, on property of 

John O'Leary, 14 meters back from water's edge of St. Glair River, 190 

meters south of east end of lane running across north end of O'Leary's 

1 farm, 64 meters southeast of 30-inch maple tree, 139 meters northeast of 

36-inch elm tree, 109 meters northeast of fence junction on east side of 

road, 109 meters north of junction of fence and water's edge, 310 meters 

above residence of James Harrow, and 479 meters below Elms Club; Feet, 

square on bowlder (U. S. La,ke Survey B. M. O'Leary)................ 578.660

Algonac, 1.2 miles north of Pleasant Street, on line of fence which is north 

line of property of John Trix, 6 meters southeast of 14-inch white-willow 

tree, 11 meters northeast of 15-inch one, 200 meters north of Baily's 

Creek, 1,100 meters north of T. B. M. 17; nail in center of square cut in top 

cap of sheet piling and directly over a pile (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 18). 578. 259

Algonac, north end of, 0.5 mile north of center of town, 380 meters north of 

waterworks, opposite most northerly one of two steamboat slips, 120 

meters south of angle in road and 190 meters south of Coxs Creek, at east 

edge of sidewalk, in line of fence between properties of Peter Pocket and 

George Stromley; nail in 36-inch cottonwood stump on west side of Water

. Street (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 17)............................... 583.102

Algonac, 3 meters east of Water Street, 275 meters southwest of junction of 

Liberty and Water streets, 25 meters west of water's edge of North Channel, on line of south side of Pearl Beach Road, 194 meters northeast of 

bridge over canal, 22.5 meters from street corner on north side of road and 

21 meters from street corner on south side of road, 23.5 meters east of 

P. B. M. Water Street; nail in west root of 36-inch elm tree (U. S. Lake 

Survey T. B.M. 16).................................................. 583. 224

Algonao, at junction of Water Street and Pearl Beach Road, 3.5 meters west 

' of west side of Water Street, 0.4 meter north of fence on south side of road, 

23.5 meters west of T. B. M. 16,194 meters northeast of bridge over canal, 

275 meters southwest of junction-of Liberty and Water streets, 635 meters 

southwest of junction of Pleasant and Water streets; copper bolt in 

cement block, surmounted by 2-inch iron pipe (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 

Water Street), elevation of bolt....................................... 579. 918

Top of pipe..................;..................................... 584. 038

Algonac, 1 mile southwest of junction of Pleasant and Water streets, 2 

meters from water's edge of North Channel, at most southerly point of 

Point aux Chenes; wire nail in top of 3-inch willow stump (U. S. Lake 

Survey B. M. River Crossing Hub 4)................................. 577. 280

Algonac, 1.2 miles southwest of, 20 meters east of north end.of north-south 

road across head of Herson Island (road passes 200 meters west of Grand 

Point Hotel); nail in west root of 15-inch maple tree (U. S. Lake Survey 

T. B. M. 15)......................................................... 579. 082

Algonac, 1.2 miles southwest of, 1.8 meters north of fence line, on south 

side of road running along south bank of North Channel, 1.5 meters west 

of fence line on west side of north-south road across Herson Island passing 

200 meters west of Grand Point Hotel; copper bolt in cement block surmounted by iron pipe (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. North Channel), bolt.. 576. 349 

Top of pipe........................................................ 580. 491

44137° Bull. 559 14 4
50 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913. .

Algonac, 3 miles southwest of, 8.5 meters from east corner of porch on front 

of store owned by William La Croix, 12.5 meters from south corner of 

white house northeast of store, directly back of Sans Souci dock, 11 

meters back from center of road along right bank of St. Clair River, on 

east side of Herson Island; nail in top of 24-inch maple stump (U. S. Feet. 

Lake Survey T. B. M. 13)........................................... 380. 288

Algonac, 3 miles southwest of, on property of William La Croix, directly 

back and in line of northeast side of William La Croix's store, 0.85 meter 

south of east corner of ice house, 0.7 meter from southeast side, directly 

back of San Souci dock, on east side of Herson Island; copper bolt in 

cement block, surmounted by iron pipe (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. San

' Souci), bolt......................................................... 575. 926

Top of pipe....................................................... 580. 051

Algonac, 3.5 miles southwest of, on east side of Herson Island, 142 meters 

southwest of Maple Leaf dock, 35 meters southwest of a canal, in one of a 

row of trees on northwest side of road, fourth tree southwest of canal; nail 

in north root of 15-inch maple tree (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 12).... 578. 756

Algonac, 4 miles southwest,of, 70 meters southwest of St. Mark's Catholic 

Church, 44 meters north of Herson Island Lower Light (No. 7), 900 meters 

southwest of Maple Leaf dock, 1,900 meters northeast of Muir's, on east 

side of Herson Island; nail in stump of small double poplar tree (U. S. 

Lake Survey T. B. M. 11)........................................... 578. 208

Joe Bedores, 1.5 miles east of, 0.3 meter from trunk of tree, in first tree in 

front row of trees along right bank of St. Clair River, 2.5 meters from 

water's edge, directly in front of south corner of the Muir House, 2.5 meters 

southwest of walk between the Muir House and the dock in front of same, 

on east side of Herson Island; nail in west root of 10-inch maple tree 

(U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 9)....................................... 578.241

Joe Bedores, 1.5 miles east of, opposite head of Bassett Channel and the 

Canada Club; on line of second row of trees back from water's edge, right 

bank of St. Clair River, 1 meter north of .third tree south of south corner 

of Muir House, 14 meters southwest of south corner of Muir House, 9 meters 

back from water's edge, half way between Muir House and first cottage 

southwest, on east side of. Herson Island; copper bolt in cement block 

surmounted by iron pipe (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Muir), copper 

bolt................................................................ 575. 938

Top of pipe........................................................ 580. 073

Joe Bedores, 0.8 mile east of, 10.5 meters in front of "Idle-Hours" cottage, 

50 meters west of Southeast Bend Middle Light (No. 5), on east side of 

Herson Island, 0.8 mile west of head of Bassett Channel; spike in plank 

over the center of most northerly pile in sheet piling (U. S. Lake Survey 

T. B. M. 8)........................................................... 577.950

Joe Bedores, 1.8 miles west of, 10 meters in front of small white cottage with 

log cabin in rear and belonging to A. Weber, 53 meters northeast of p. b. m. 

Weber, 200 meters northeast of Maybury Highway, 980 meters northeast 

of Star Island House; wire nail in top of 8-inch stump (U. S. Lake Survey 

T.B.M.5).......................................................... 577.730

Joe Bedores, 1.2 miles west of, on property of J. F. Weber, 6 meters northeast of sheet piling along right bank of St. Clair River, 38 meters northeast of canal, 28 meters southeast of cana-l, 37 meters southwest of canal, 

53 meters southwest of t. b. m. 5, 85 meters northeast of J. F. Weber's 

cottage, 150 meters northeast of Maybury Highway, 925 meters northeast 

of Star Island House, 750 meters southwest of Riverside Hotel; copper
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 51

bolt in cement block surmounted by iron pipe (U. S. Lake Survey Feet, 

P. B. M. Weber), copper bolt........................................ 575. 526

Top of pipe........................................................ 579.642

Joe Bedores, 1.8 miles west of, 0.5 meter from trunk of tree, 1.6 miles northeast of head of St. Glair Flats Canal, northeast one of second row of treea 

back from water's edge, right bank of St. Glair River, southeast one of 

northeast row on Star Island House grounds; nail in northwest root of 30- 

inch willow tree (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 4)...................... 578. 442

St. Clair Flats Canal, 500 meters above head of, one meter from heart of tree, 

44 meters northeast of east corner of Old Club, 14 meters from east corner 

of Old Club dock, 36 meters from south corner of dock on northeast side 

of canal, 56 meters south of P. B. M. Old Club; nail in northwest root of 

18-inch cottonwood tree which stands at east corner of grounds of Old 

Club (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 2)................................ 578.120

St. Clair Flats Canal, 500 meters above head of, in corner formed by southeast side of building and southwest side of porch of same, 3.7 meters from 

south corner of building, 0.7 meter from junction of building and porch, 

1.5 meters from south corner of porch, this building was originally a bowling alley but is now used as a regular quarters in connection with the 

main clubhouse, 20 meters north of south corner of dock on north side of 

canal which passes between this building and the main clubhouse;

. copper bolt in cement block, surmounted by iron pipe (U.S. Lake Survey 

P. B. M. Old Club), copper bolt. .................................... 576. 633

Top of pipe..........'.....................................,........ 580. 765

ALPENA QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45°-45° 15'; longitude 83° 15'-83° 30'.] 

On Thunder Bay Island.

Thunder Bay Island, Lake Huron; top of stone door sill of Thunder Bay 

Island Lighthouse (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Lighthouse)............. 587. 37

At Alpena.

Alpena, at northwest corner of McRae dock below Second Street drawbridge; top of capping timber (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. McRae dock).. 586.263

Alpena, at corner of Fletcher and Dock streets; top of water table of Beck 

Building (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Beck Building)................... 592.115

BAY CITY QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 30'-43° 45'; longitude S3 8 45'-84°.] 

In Saginaw Bay.

Saginaw Bay, at mouth of Saginaw River, Lake Huron; top of crib of 

Saginaw River Front Range Light (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Range 

Light).............................................................. 589. 255

Along Saginaw River.

The following bench marks along the Saginaw River were established

by primary leveling of the U. S. Corps of Engineers; a single line of levels

verified by subsequent lines of wye leveling.

 Bay City, 23d Street, north side of east approach marked "A" (15th post 

from east end), in top of 10 by 12 inch cross timber; ,top of J-inch drift 

bolt (U. S. Corps of Engineers B. M.)................................ 591. 901

Bay City, Cass Avenue, in concrete curb on north side of road, 7.5 feet 

east of storm sewer grating at extreme west end of pavement, about 14 feet 

east of railroad track; cross cut (U. S. Corps of Engineers B. M.) ....... 586. 985
52 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913. >)

Bay City, Interurban, in top of extreme west stone abutment of bridge, 

about under the axis of the track; cross cut (U. S. Corps of Engineers Feet. v, 

B. M.) ......................... .'.................................. 585.832

Melbourne, in top of pile about 3 feet above ground on.straight part of 

- shore west of gage; nail (U. S. Corps of Engineers B. M.)............... 585.738 t

Loveland's, in trunk of 5-inch slanting willow tree about 50 feet south V 

of mouth of slip opposite Loveland's pump house, from which shanty 

marked "Pleasant View" bears N. 20° 62.2 feet to corner; circle of five 

nails (U. S. Corps of Engineers B. M.) ............................... 582.130

New York Works, in shoulder cut in pile standing about 2 feet above ground 

at intersection of shore line and upper end of New York Works landing 

dock; top of railroad spike driven flush (U. S. Corps of Engineers B. M.). 581. 608

Zilwaukee, in top of concrete foundation at southwest corner of high tension 

transmission tower on left bank of river; cross cut (U. S. Corps of Engineers 

B.M.)..................................................:........... 590.054

Bay City, corner of 4th and Water streets, on most westerly basement 

.window of Alert Pipe and Supply Co.'s store (U. S. Corps of Engineers 

B.M.).............................................................. 588.68

BAY MILLS QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 15'-46° 30'; longitude 84° 30'-84° 45' ] 

From point near Brimley to Iroquols Point.

Duluth, South Shore'& Atlantic Ry., 21.5 feet north of 9-mile post, 31 

feet west of center of track, under 6-inch square cedar post, in summit of 

stone buried to depth of 4 feet; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 3). 670. 351

Brimley, on Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry., 200 feet east of station, 

34.5 feet north of center of track, 192 feet west of west end of Waiska 

River railroad bridge, due north of frog for branch railroad across Waiska 

Bay, under red sandstone marked "U. S. B. M. No. 4," in top of stone 

monument; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 4)..../........... 648. 038

Bay Mills, 8 inches from west and 7 inches from north side of pedestal 

(marked "U. S.") on southeast foundation for the steel water-tank tower 

which stands on south side of Hall and Munson's factory power house; 

brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Bay Mills).................... 609. 577

Bay Mills, 2.5 miles above, at top of point of sand terrace in upper end of 

mission and on west side of broad ravine running back from St. Marys River, 

4 meters back from crest of high bank on river, 16 meters northeast of 

spruce tree blazed with a 4-inch triangle, 42 meters east of log house 

owned by Duel Cameron, 142 meters above small bridge over small creek 

crossing road in bottom of ravine, 1 mile above store at lower end of 

mission, under an 8 by 10 by 15 inch sandstone, in top of sandstone 

14 by 10 by 6 inches, buried 3 feet under ground; brass bolt (U. S. Lake 

Survey P. B. M. Mission) (Surface stone is marked "U. S. P. B. M.") .. 636. 686

Iroquois Point, in ground at east side of lighthouse yard, 2 feet west of northsouth fence, 37.5 feet east of northeast corner of lighthouse building, on 

line with north side of building, in top of stone monument marked 

"U. S."; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. A).................. 618.424

Iroquois Point, 4 meters east of walk from lighthouse to engine house, 29 

meters south of east entrance of engine house, 60 meters south of shore of 

St. Marys River, 30 meters north of high bank, in top of bowlder; iron 

bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Iroquois).......................... 608. 057
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AISTD GEODETIC SUTtVEY. 53

Iroquois Point, in southeast corner of lighthouse yard, 1 foot from souta 

fence and 2 feet from east fence, 11.5 meters east and 18 meters south of 

extreme southeast corner of lighthouse building, under stone marked

 "U. S. P. B. M.," in top of stone 8 by 8 by 20 inches buried 2.5 feet in Feet, 

ground; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Iroquois 1)............ 615.094

Iroquois Point, on north side of Iroquois Lighthouse, in top of course of 

masonry of foundation of lighthouse, in center of large stone; brass bolt 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Iroquois Lighthouse) marked "U. S. P. B. 

M."................................................................. 622. 033

Iroquois Point, square notch cut in top of foundation of lighthouse on 

north side and 5 feet west of p. b. m. Iroquois Lighthouse; marked 

D B. M. (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M.)................................ 622.705

CHIEF QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 44° 15'-44° 30'; longitude 86°-86° 15'.]. 

At Onekama.

Onekama, on east shore of Lake Michigan, at entrance to Portage Lake, 

old bank building; top of square cut on southeast corner of first stone in sill 

west of doorway, marked -"U. S. B. M." (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 

Onekama)........................................................... 589.71

BENTON HARBOR QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 15'-42° 30'; longitude 86° lo'-86° 30'.]. 

At St. Joseph.

St. Joseph, in grounds of life saving station, at right angle 38.85 feet from 

north pier station 13 plus 46 and 52.70 feet from southwest corner of 

boathouse of life-saving station, 4 inches below surface of ground and 

covered with a 4 by 4 by $-inch iron washer; top of cap of vertical iron 

pipe (U. S. Lake Survey B. M.)...................................... 585.240

BURNT ISLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46°-46° 15'; longitude 83° 45'-84°.] 

From point 2.2 miles west of Detour to Gatesvllle.

Detour, 2.2 miles west of, in bank on south side of county road, 25 meters 

east of crest of large hill, 11 meters east of very large limestone bowlder 

lying on north side of road; small square cut on top of limestone bowlder, 

marked "U. D S." (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 190)................. 657. 203

Detour, 4.5 miles west of-, 364 meters east of point where wagon road leaves 

water's edge of Caribou Lake, 2.5 meters north of center of wagon road, 

50 meters south of Caribou Lake, under 6-inch cedar post marked 

"U. S. B .M." on opposite sides, in top of cut stone buried in sand; iron 

bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Caribou)........................... 639.441

Schlesser post office, 1 mile west by 1 mile north of, at Busks Corners, 1 mile 

north of Camerons Corners, in center of road leading west, near west fence 

line of north-south road, 57.5 meters northeast of northeast corner of schoolhouse, 190 meters east of creek crossing road, 17.5 meters northwest of 

fence corner, 15.5 meters southwest of another fence corner, under 6 by 

8 by 14 inch stone, in top of cut stone marked "U. S. P. B. M."; iron bolt 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Schlesser).............................. 702.923
54 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

COPPER HARBOR QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 47° 15'-47° 30'; longitude 87° 45'-88°.] 

Bench marks of TJ. S. Lake Survey.

Copper Harbor, on north side of Keweenaw Peninsula, on south side of Lake 

Superior; square cut on northwest corner of doorsill of lighthouse tower Feet. 

(U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Copper Harbor)............................. 627. 56

Keweenaw Point, south side, at entrance to Mendota Ship Canal, at northeast corner of main part of light keeper's dwelling at Mendota Lighthouse; 

cross cut in square on water table, U. S. B. M. is cut in cement walk 

adjacent (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Mendota Lighthouse).............. 607.44

CROSWELL QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 15'-43° 30'; longitude 82° 30'-82° 46'.]' 

At Lexington.

Lexington, northeast corner of Main and Lake streets; center of period 

between the letters M. and E. in the center of corner stone of M. E. 

Church, 3 feet above ground and 9 inches north of southwest corner; corner stone is marked "First M. E. Church 1851-1890" (U. S. Lake Survey 

P. B. M. 1)......................................................... 623. 496

Lexington, at northeast corner of Main and Boynton streets, on top of water 

table on west side of two-story brick building owned by John L. Fead, 

25 inches north of southwest corner of building and 3 inches back from 

front of water table; summit of small square (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 

Lexington 2)............:.....................,.................... 619. 631

Lexington, in north end of stone sill of north door of City Hall, 3 inches 

south of north end of sill and 19.5 inches back of front edge, 10 feet south 

of northwest corner of building (building is a three-story brick and fronts 

on Main Street between Huron Avenue and Simons Street; ground floor 

used for hose house, second floor for council room, and third floor for 

Masonic Hall); brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Lexington 3).... 622. 663

Lexington, in front yard of Mrs. Martha Henry's property, 22 meters north 

of north end of Dallas Street and north side of Simons Street (foot of street 

is at dock), 40 meters back from high bank of lake and about 125 meters 

south of Lexington Woolen Mills, in top of large granite bowlder; brass 

bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Lexington 4)....................... 612.843

DETOUR QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 45'-46°; longitude 83° 45'-84°.] 

From Detour along St. Marys River 2.2 miles west.

Detour, on gravel beach on east shore of bay and on west side of Detour 

Point, 65 meters north of boathouse belonging to Detour Lighthouse, 74 

meters northeast of outer end of pier at boathouse, 3 meters east of water's 

edge, 7 meters west of edge of brush, 300 meters from Detour Lighthouse, 

in top of limestone bowlder 6 inches from north edge, marked "U. S."; 

brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Boathouse)...........:........ 582.177

Detour, 11 meters northwest of northwest corner of light keeper's dwelling, 

in top of large limestone bowlder; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 

Detour 5).................................;......................... 590.461

Detour, 5 meters north by 1.5 meters east of northwest corner of tower of 

Detour Lighthouse, in summit of very large limestone bowlder, marked 

"U. S.+P. B. M."; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Detour 4)... 594. 976
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 55

Detour, intersection of cross cut on top of iron plate about 6 inches northwest of northwest corner post of Detour Lighthouse (U. S. Lake Survey Feet. 

P. .B. M. Detour 3). ................ .^.............................,. 591.259

Detour Point, at northeast corner of residence at Detour Lighthouse, 1 meter 

north and 3 meters west of northeast corner of house, 3 meters from northwest corner of tower; small square cut on top of embedded limestone 

bowlder (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 196).. .......................... 590. 717

Detour, near center of foot of St. Marys Street, 35 meters from water's edge 

of St. Marys River, 7 meters south by 1.5 meters east of corner of sidewalk, 

1 block north of Anthony's dock, 70 meters east and 8 meters south of 

southwest corner of Hotel Detour, owned by J. F. Goetz, in top of granite 

bowlder; brass bolt (U.S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Goetz)............... 602. 368

Detour, 85 meters east by 20 meters south of Huron House, 55 meters south 

of Bennett's store and post office, 17 meters from water's edge of St. 

Marys River, 24 meters northeast of northeast corner of J. T. Bennett's 

yard near Anthony's coal dock, in top of granite bowlder flush with 

ground; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Detour 2).............. 586. 531

Detour, at junction of Superior and Huron streets, 2 meters west of east line 

of Superior Street, at a point where Superior Street angles to west, 8 meters northwest of large granite bowlder, 17.5 meters east of fence corner 

which is southeast corner of block, southeast corner of Mr. Richard Terrett's yard, 26.5 meters southeast of northeast corner of Mr. Terrett's 

house, 22 meters northeast of log house, 80 meters northwest of water's 

edge of St. Marys River, 1 block south of P. B. M. Detour 1, in top of 

limestone bowlder; brass bolt, marked "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Lake 

Survey P. B. M.Terrett)............................................ 599.697

Detour, at intersection of Superior and Drummond streets, 4 meters north 

by 3 meters east-of fence corner at southeast corner of street intersection, 

under cedar post having letters "U.S.B.M."cuton opposite side of post, 

in top of cut stone; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Detour 1).... 611. 875

On Pipe Island.

Pipe Island, in lower part of St. Marys River, 50 feet from water's edge, 20 

feet west of walk from small wharf to light keeper's house, under a cedar 

tree; on top of bowlder on surface of ground (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 

Pipe Isknd)........................................................ 585. 27

DETROIT QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 15'-42° 30'; longitude 83°-838 15'.] 

At Detroit.

Detroit, at foot of Woodward Avenue, on east side of street, in most easterly 

doorway of building just north of U. S. customhouse at ferry landing; 

cross cut in stone sill 1 inch from east end and 2 inches from its face (U. S. 

Lake Survey B. M. A, Detroit). ..................................... 580. 828

Detroit, at Fort Wayne, in northeast corner of U. S. military reservati n, 

on south side of brick warehouse of U. S. Lake Survey, east of door, in 

brick; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Warehouse)................ 584.317

Detroit, at Fort Wayne, in northeast corner of U. S. military reservation, 

on southeast corner of brick warehouse of U. S. Lake Survey; top of shelf 

cut on corner of water table (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Cornei).......... 581. 227

Detroit River Lighthouse, at mouth of Detroit River in Lake Erie; top of 

coping of masonry at southwest angle of building (U. S. Lake Survey 

B. M. Lighthouse).................................................... 584. 79
56 SPIEIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913. ,

From Tecumseh salt works to Detroit waterworks.

Tecumseh salt works, north edge of evaporating shed, 42 feet west of northeast corner, in pile supporting shed (pile is only partly under building); Feet, 

top of 20-penny epike (U. S. Deep Wy. gage B. M. C)................. 577. 819

Tecumseh salt works, northwest from b. m. C, 50 feet east of northeast end 

of boiler room, in yard; top of pentagonal head of hydrant (U. S. Deep 

Wy. gage B.M. E).................................................. 579.423

' Delray, northeast corner of Eiver and Louis streets, on west side of first 

entrance east from Louis Street, on pedestal stone of west pillar of doorway; southwest corner marked by two lines cut at right angles to each 

other and forming a square with edges of stone (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 7) 593. 319

Detroit, northwest corner of Fort Wayne reservation grounds, south side of 

Kiver Street, on first base stone of iron fence east of high stone gatepost, 

on north edge of stone; highest point inside of square (U. S. Deep Wy. 

T.B.M.22)......................................................... 587.404

Detroit, at Fort Wayne, in southwest quarter of military reservation, on 

river front of building No. 60, officers' quarters, in center of water-table 

course, 20 inches east from vertical center line of front of building and 

3 feet 5 inches above ground; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. 

DeepWy. P. B. M. 8)............................................... 601.508

Detroit, northwest corner of River Street and Junction Avenue, 10 feet 

west of hydrant, at side of fire-alarm box 815, on curb; highest point in 

square cut in stone (II. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 23)...................... 585. 910

Detroit, northeast corner of Stanton and River streets, 28 feet east of east 

side of brick building, in prolongation of property line, at telegraph pole, 

on curb; highest point in square cut in stone (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 25). 590. 890

Detroit, at foot of Eighteenth Street (not cut through), on extreme southeast corner of foundation of roundhouse of Pere Marquette and Detroit 

& Lima Northern railroads (U. S. Deep Wy. gage B. M. F)............. 581.168

Detroit, near northeast corner of Seventh Street, at Nos. 316-320.. River 

Street, on building of Avery Preserving Co., on window base 17:5 inches 

east of east face of brick pillar at entrance; highest point of square cut in 

stone (TJ. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 26).................................. 582.487

Detroit, on southeast corner of Wayne and Woodbridge streets, at Nos. 

81-89 Woodbridge Street, on north end of stone doorstep, 3 inches from 

west face of east pillar; highest point in square (U. S. DeepWy.'' 

T. B. M. 27)........... '............................................... 581. 921

Detroit, on south side of Atwater Street east, one block and a half east of 

Woodward Avenue, on 'office building of city electric lighting plant, 

on west end of door stone of front entrance, 5 inches east of west face and 

4 inches north of south face; brass bolt marked "U. S. D P- B. M." 

(U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 9)........................................ 583. Oil

Detroit, on Atwater Street, between St. Aubin and Dequindre streets on 

southeast corner of Detroit Dry Dock Co.'s boiler shop; highest point in 

square cut in capstone of foundation (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 28)...... 581. 718

Detroit, on northwest corner of Mount Elliott Avenue and Wight Street, 90 

feet west of Mount Elliott Avenue, 2.5 feet east of prolongation of east 

face of lighthouse station, 12 feet east of inlet, on curbstone; highest 

point in square (U. S. DeepWy. T. B. M. 29).......................... 587.899

Detroit, on foundation of lighthouse station, at foot of Mount Elliott Avenue, 

8.2 feet below outer edge of water table, on west door jamb of south door; 

cross cut in stone (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Detroit),.................. 584. 815
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 57

Detroit, at northeast corner of Wight Street and Mount Elliott Avenue, 

north end of doorstep of west entrance to Ireland & Mathews Manufacturing Co., 5 inches from north end of step, 3.75 inches from edge of Feet, 

stone; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 10). 592. 807

Detroit, near northwest corner of Boulevard and Jefferson Avenue, at No. 

1389 Jefferson Avenue, 115 feet west of Boulevard, southwest Corner of 

building, on top stone of foundation; highest point in square (U. S. 

DeepWy. T. B. M. 30).............................................. 599.070

Detroit, northwest corner of Jefferson and Crane avenues, on the curving 

part .of curbstone, 10 inches south from Crane Avenue tangent and 4. feet 

above telegraph pole; highest point in square (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. ' 

31).................................................................. 594. 060

ESCANABA QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 30'-45° 45'; longitude 87°-87° 15'.] 

At Escanaba.

Escanaba, northwest corner of Ludington Street and Dauseman Avenue, 

southeast corner of building of S. Adler; top of water table (IT. S. Lake 

Survey B. M. 1, 1874)................................................ 593. 608

Escanaba, in masonry foundation on west side of Escanaba Lighthouse, 

near northwest corner; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 3, 1876).. 587.118

Escanaba, in fourth layer of cut stone below red water table of county building, on north side of building, 14 inches from northwest corner; brass 

bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Courthouse)............................ 593. 758

Escanaba, on east side and 3 inches from southeast corner of Chicago & 

North Western Ry. station, in water table; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Depot)................................................... 618. 352

Escanaba, in masonry wing wall of overhead railroad crossing approach to 

Chicago & North Western Ry. on dock No. 1, 3 inches from face of abutment, and 18 inches above ground; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey gage 

B. M. Escanaba).................................................... 593.39

FENNVILLE QUADRANGLE.

(Latitude 42° 30'-42° 45'; longitude 86°-86° 15'.] 

At Saugatuck.

Saugatuck, southeast corner of southeast corner stone in foundation under 

lighthouse; ring chiseled around point and each face of stone marked 

"B.M." with chisel................................................. 601. 345

GARDENDALE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43°-43° 15'; longitude 82° 15'-82° 30'.] 0

From point near Port Huron to Lezlngton.

Port Huron, 2.2 miles above Black River, at foot of Lake Huron, at Fort 

Gratiot lighthouse, in south foundation wall of brick dwelling of lighthouse, in upper course of masonry, 2..1 feet from southeast corner and 0.6 

foot below water table; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Fort 

Gratiot Lighthouse).......... 1....................................... 590. 342

Fort Gratiot, on top of foundation of oil house (round building) at Fort 

Gratiot lighthouse; on south side about 3 inches north of edge of cement 

foundation and 7 inches from south wall of building; summit of small 

square cut (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 62)........................... 586.915
58 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Fort Gratiot, 1.2 miles north of, in northwest root of 2-foot Lombardy poplar 

tree, which is center one of three, all of about the same size and standing 

in a northeast-southwest line, 30 meters south of southeast corner ofHuronia Beach Hotel, 30 meters east of car track; 30-penny wire nail Feet. 

(U. S. Lake Survey T. B.M. 63)...................................... 589.820

Lakeport, 2 miles south of, 3 meters west of center of wagon road, 5 meters 

east of north-south fence on west side of road from Port Huron to Lakeport, 

35 meters north of point in road directly west of Mr. Sterling's barn, which 

stands about 100 meters east of road; wire nail in east root of 10-inch elm 

tree(U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 69).................................. 594.110

Lakeport, 0.2 mile south of, 10 meters east of north-south fence on west side 

of road, 15 meters west of top of bank of Lake Huron, in west root of 2£- 

foot white-pine tree which is north one of two large white-pine trees standing in wagon road; wire nail (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 71).......... 597. 715

Lakeport, in southeast corner of lot 2, block 2, in southeast corner of hotel 

yard owned by John Thoday, 20 inches north of fence on north side of 

Milwaukee Street, 14 inches west of fence on west side of Second Street, 

in 14 by 14 by 8 inch granite stone under 6 by 6 inch granite stone extending 4 inches above ground; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Lakepprt)................................................................ 595.449

Lakeport, 2 miles north of, 4 meters east of center of State road, in 12-inch 

willow tree which forks about 7 feet above ground and is blazed with 

small triangle facing road (there is a grove of young timber on west side 

of road), in west root; wire nail (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 74)...... 616. 923

Lakeport, 5 miles north of, east of north-south fence on west side of State 

road, 150 meters north of creek which crosses the road 5 miles from Lakeport, in front of John Tolle's house, in northeast root of 10-inch elm tree; 

wire nail (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 79)............................ 626. 958

Lexington, 3.8 miles south of, 3 meters west of north-south fence on west 

side of State road, 475 meters south of Mill Creek, in Willard Wurden's 

front yard, in west root of 3-foot willow tree; wire nail (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 85).................................................... 633. 222

In the vicinity of Huronia Beach.

Huronia Beach, on Lake Huron near foot of lake, 1.5 miles north of Fort 

Gratiot Lighthouse, 66 feet north of north end of steel footbridge crossing 

canal connecting Lake Huron with Black River, 75 feet north of north 

bank of canal, in front of first cottage north of canal (No. 38) on line with 

breakwater, just west of cement sidewalk, in main north root of 30-inch 

oak tree; top of 6-inch boat spike (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Oak)....... 593. 235

Huronia Beach, on Lake Huron near foot of lake, 1.5 miles north of Fort 

Gratiot Lighthouse, near north bank of canal'connecting Lake Huron 

and Black River, on inshore part of breakwater which is at right angles > 

with the offshore part, 100 feet from shore line north of breakwater, 50 

feet from shore line south of breakwater; 10-inch ship spike in top of 

center one of row of five piles (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Breakwater)... 585.294

Huronia Beach, on Lake Huron near foot of lake, 1.5 miles north of Fort 

Gratiot Lighthouse, on south bank of canal connecting Lake Huron and 

Black River, on southeast foundation pier oi steel footbridge across head 

of canal; top of northeast bolt in bedplate (U. S. Lake Survey gage B. M. 

Huronia Beach).................................................... 583. 910

Fort Gratiot Lighthouse, 640 feet north of, ?t foot of Lake Huron, on pile 

breakwater on north property line of U. S.. lighthouse reservation, in top 

of capping timber, over third pile from shore end of cap; top of 60-penny 

spike (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Spiles)............................... 587. 302
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 59

OOOD HART QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 30'-45° 45'; longitude SS'-SS9 15'.] 

At He Aux Galets Lighthouse.

He Aux Galets, in north end of Lake Michigan on stone steps leading up to 

lighthouse tower door, outside northwest corner of third step from ground Feet, 

(no mark given) (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Lighthouse)................. 589. 72

GRINDSTONE CITY QUADRANGLE.

(Latitude 44°-44° 15'; longitude 82° 45'-83°.] 

At Port Austin.

Port Austin, in rock 13 feet southwest of gage, B. M. cut in rock near it; 

6-inch bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 1873) .... .1.................... 590.97

GROSCAP QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 45'-46°; longitude 84" 45'-85°.] 

On St. Helena Island.

St. Helena Island, in north end of Lake Michigan, on north side of light 

keeper's dwelling, near northeast corner of limestone sill of east basement 

window; square cut on top (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Lighthouse)...... 588.48

GROSSE POINTE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 15'-42° 30'; longitude 82° 45'-83°.] 

From Detroit waterworks to station L'Anse Creuse. '

Detroit waterworks, on stone foundation of east gatepost of east gate of east 

driveway entrance from Jefferson Avenue to grounds, 3 inches from pillar; 

highest point in square cut on stone (U. S. Deep Wy. T.B.M. 32)........ 583. 398

Detroit, at waterworks, on standpipe tower on side facing river, on southwest end of doorstone of entrance to tower, 5 inches northeast from vertical face and 4 inches from edge of stone; brass bolt marked "U.S.P.B.M." 

(U, S. Deep Wy. P.B.M.ll)........................................... 587.561

Windmill Point lighthouse station, on center and top of concrete coping of 

sea wall, 27.5 inches from its west end, south from keeper's house; highest 

point of square cut in cement (U. S, Deep Wy. T. B. M. 38).............. 579. 625

Windmill Point, on southwest corner of lighthouse keeper's house, 2 feet 

5 inches east from sloping corner, in third course of masonry below water 

table and 3.5 feet above ground; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." 

(U. S. Deep Wy. P. B.M.12)......................................... 584. 218

Windmill Point, in north by east face of foundation of lighthouse tower, 

in fifth course of masonry below cut stone water table; horizontal groove 

cut in stone slab 2£ by If inches on face, set in flush with masonry (U. S. 

Lake Survey Old B.M.)................:.................:......... 582. 760

Grosse Pointe, 95 feet northeast of red brick schoolhouse on east side of 

electric track, 15 feet Northeast of "Shafer's 7-mile post," at sufface of 

ground, in brace for telegraph pole; spike (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 37).. 583.376

Grosse Pointe (Cottage Grove post office), on southwest corner of Charles 

Seitz's house, 7.5 feet west of corner, 4.5 inches below west end of stone 

window sill, 2 feet 2.5 inches above stonework of foundation, in second 

course of brickwork below window sill; brass bolt(U. S.DeepWy. P. B.M. 

1^................................................................... 592.079
60 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Grosse Pointe, 0.6 mile northeast from house of Country Club, on top of 

knob on northeast corner (which is highest point) of harbor line stone 

monument, marked "Harbor Line Reference Point b," at intersection of Feet, 

street fence line and property line (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 96)...... 589. 455

Grosse Pointe Farms, 0.8 mile from Country Club house on Lake Shore wagon 

road, in sandstone water table of.. Catholic Church, 1.2 meters above 

ground, 0.7 meter west of corner; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 

35)................................................................ 604. 936

Grosse Pointe Farms, 0.8 mile northeast of Country Club house on Lake 

Shore wagon road, in foundation at southeast corner of Catholic Academy 

of the Sacred Heart, on face of building 0.5 meter north of southeast corner 

and 0!2 meter above ground; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 36).. 606.104

Milk River Point on Lake Shore Road, 1.5 miles south of, 33 meters S. 40° 

W. of southwest corner of Lake Side House, in front of residence of Victor 

Vernier; top of knob on top and near northwest side of large bowlder 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 37). ...................................... 584. 681

Lake St. Clair harbor line, on southeast corner of stone monument of, 

top of knob, marked "Harbor Line Reference Point C," on prolongation 

of south line of east-west road and on east side of north-south road at 

MilkRiver Point (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 38) ............:........ 581.091

Milk River Point, 2.2 miles north of, 30 meters southeast of residence of 

Thomas Labodie, 3 meters south of property-line cross fence to west, on 

west side of Lake Shore road; spike in root of 18-inch maple tree (U. S. 

Lake Survey T. B. M. 106) .......................................... 579. 234

At Windmill Point Lighthouse.

Windmill Point Lighthouse, at head of Detroit River, on center of top of 

coping of concrete sea wall, 42 feet north of board walk to dock, nearly in 

line of a 10-inch maple tree and south side of lighthouse tower; highest 

point in square cut (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Wall).................... 579. 529

HARBOR BEACH QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 45'-44°; longitude 82° 30'-82° 45'.] 

At Sand Beach.

Sand Beach, 0.8 mile from custodian's office, at edge of bluff and nearly in

line with north side of west pier, on granite bowlder; square in relief,

marked "U. S. B. M." (U. S. Lake Survey B. M.)...................... 587. 814

Sand Beach, at west end of U. S. boathouse in front of U. S. Engineers' office, 

in rock; iron rod (U.S. Lake Survey B. M. A)......................... 583.560

Sand Beach, just south of U. S. boathouse and near east end, in rock; top of

mill shaft (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. B). ............................... 583.174

Sand Beach, 0.2 mile from U. S. Engineers' office, 250 feet from outer end of

dock, in rock under dock; top of bar (U; S. Lake Survey B. M. E)....... 583. 207

Sand Beach, on water table at southwest corner of J. Jenks & Co.'s brick

store; marked (B.'M. Jenks of LakeSurvey)........................... 610. 559

Sand Beach, 550 feet south of U. S. Engineers' office; square cut on bowlder

(U. S. Lake Survey B. M. "Bowlder in Harbor")...................... 582. 677

HARVEY QUADRANGLE. '

[Latitude 46° 15'-46° 30'; longitude 87" 15'-87° 30'.] 

.At Sands.

Sands, 74 meters east by 53 meters south of switch at north end of siding, 

in natural rock; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 5, 1876)........ 1,202. 697
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 61

HIGH ISLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 30'-45° 45'; longitude 85° 30'-85° 45'.] 

On Beaver Island.

Beaver Island, on northern end of, in north end of Lake Michigan, at 

Beaver Harbor lighthouse, on second stone step of short flight leading to 

door of light keeper's dwelling; top of square cut on west end (U. S. Lake Feet. 

Survey B. M. Lighthouse)........................................... 588.10

Beaver Island, northern end of, in north end of Lake Michigan, at Beaver 

Harbor, in front of and across the road from Capt. Bonner's Hotel; nail 

in root of large oak tree (U. S. Lake Survey Gage B. M. Beaver Harbor). .. 586.97

HOLLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 45'-43°; longitude 86°-86° 15'.] 

At Holland.

Holland, in yard of life-saving station, 2.2 feet north of south fence, 4.1 feet 

east of 8-inch poplar tree, 4 feet west of 11-inch poplar tree, 56.15 feet 

southwest of southeast corner of life-saving station, 2 inches below surface 

of ground and covered with two cast-iron washers; top of cap of vertical

iron pipe........................................................... 586.17

MARINE CITY QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 30'-42° 45'; longitude 82° 15'-82° 30'.] 

From Marine City to East China.

Marine City, 2.5 miles below Bell Eiver bridge, 40 feet east of east road 

fence in William Cottrell's orchard, on base of southwest tree; spike and 

washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 67)................................. 582. 809

Marine City, southeast corner of Water and Union streets, in Marine City 

Stave Co.'s store, near northwest corner, on stone base under window, 

8 inches south of north end and 2.5 inches from front edge; brass bolt 

marked "U.S.P.B.M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 26)................. 586.456

Marine City, on Backus Block, on north side of doorsill of bank of G. W. & 

F. T. Moore; marked by a cross (U. S. Deep Wy. Gage B. M. P)........ 586.464

Marine City, southeast corner of Washington and Water streets, in northwest corner of stone foundation of building occupied by the Globe office, 

2 feet below sill of building and 6 inches above ground; marked by a 

square (U. S. Deep Wy. Gage B. M. 0)............................... 583.138

Marine City, northwest corner of Main and Broad streets, on city hall, . 

near its southeast corner, at window entrance to corridor, 2 feet 5 inches 

above ground and 5 inches south of north jamb; brass bolt marked 

"U.S.P.B.M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 25)."........................ 588.158

Marine City, in west face of city waterworks building, 5 inches north of 

southwest comer and 2.5 feet above ground; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. 

P. B. M. 24)....................................................... 589. 848

Marine City, at upper end of, on west side of Main Street, in front of Peter 

Francis's house, in base of 2-foot maple tree; spike with washer (U. S. 

Deep Wy. T. B. M. 62)............................................... 584.291

Marine City, 1.2 miles above Broad Street, on east edge of road at top of 

river bank, opposite Charles Holland's house, in base of 1-foot poplar 

tree; spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 61)................. 583.515

Recor's Dock, on north side of road, 278 feet west of corner of fence where 

road turns abruptly toward the west, on base of maple tree 10 inches in 

diameter; spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 59)............... 583.132
62 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

MARINETTE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45M5" 15'; longitude 87° 30'-87° 45'.] 

At Menominee.

Menominee, at north end of Menekaunee bridge, in water table of Carpenter, 

Cook Co. wholesale grocery and office building, on north side of building, 

46 inches east of northwest corner; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Feet. 

CCC).............................................................. 589. 325

Menominee, in masonry on downstream end of north pier of Menekaunee 

bridge, 23 inches north of south side of pier, 11.5 inches east of east side 

of bedplate; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Bridge)............ 590.044

MARQUETTE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 30'-46° 45'; longitude 87° 15'-87° 30'.] 

At Marquette.

Marquette, in third course of masonry above water table on north side of 

Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry. general freight and ticket office, 

1 foot from northeast corner; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 6, 

1876)................................................................ 628.414

Marquette, on south side of new pump house of city waterworks, 10 inches 

from southwest corner, on water table (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 11,1896). 620. 678

MONROE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 41° 4S'-42°; longitude 83° 15'-83° 30'.] 

From Monroe to Vienna station.

Monroe, on west end of south pier of Michigan Central R. R. bridge over 

Raisin River, on west face of pier, 6 inches north of its south edge and

4 feet above ground; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. C) (reported 

destroyed)........................................................... 581. 065

Monroe, on south side of First Street, 345 feet west of Kentucky Avenue, on 

northwest corner of city fire-engine house, on northeast corner of pedestal 

stone just under brickwork; bottom surface of square cut (U. S. Lake 

Survey P. B.M.D)................................................. 590.770

La Salle station, 1.5 miles below, on line of Lake Shore & Michigan Southern 

R. R., 115 meters below Eagerness road crossing, 3.38 meters east of east

rail of track, on south side of open stone culvert, on top stone 3.5 feet

above ground; square cut (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. E).............. 582.322

Vienna station, on Michigan Central and Lake Shore & Michigan Southern 

railroads, 325 feet west of track, on north side of road to Erie (on section 

line east-west of section 16), about 20 rods west of center of section, on 

southwest corner of Mrs. William McLain's house, in east end of water 

table stone of south side of building, about 2.5 feet above ground; brass 

bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. F).................................. 588. 828

From Monroe to Monroe Lighthouse.

Monroe, 12 inches south "of bedplate of west truss, in top of and at southwest 

end of south pier of Michigan Central R. R. bridge over Raisin River; 

brass bolt marked "U.S.B.OM." (U. S. Lake Survey new P. B. M. 

M. C. R. R. bridge). ......................'.........:.......'......... 584.225

Monroe Piers, in stone monument near end of pier to lighthouse and about

5 meters north of Raisin River; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M.

Monroe Piers)....................................................... 578.654
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 63

Monroe Piers, at mouth of Raisin River, in cement foundation at southwest 

corner of lighthouse; brass bolt marked "U.S.0B.M." (U. S. Lake Feet. 

'Survey P. B. M. Lighthouse)-....................................... 579.886

Two-foot mark above gage zero..................................... 574. 682

MONTAGUE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 15'-43° 30'; longitude 86° 15'-86° 30'.] 

At White Lake.

White Lake, on line with north face of lighthouse, 10.6 feet east of northeast 

corner of lighthouse, 9.2 feet south of hard-maple tree, 11.28 feet north of 

hard-maple tree, 3 inches below surface of sod and covered with a 4 by

. $ inch washer of iron; top of cap of vertical iron pipe.................... 598. 630

MOUNT CLEMENS QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 30'-42° 45'; longitude 82° 45'-83°. 

From L'Anse Creuse to point near New Baltimore.

L'Anse Creuse station on the Detroit, Lake Shore & Mount Clemens K. R., 

on north buttress of tower of Catholic Church, 0.2 meter from corner, 

0.3 meter above ground, in foundation stone; brass bolt (II. S. Lake 

Survey P. B.M. 39).....................................^........... 581. 029

McSweeney's clubhouse, 3.8 miles southeast of, 20 meters east of Lake 

Shore road, 125 meters north of Erin schoolhouse (district 1), which is at 

motor-line station, Erin School; spike in root of 30-inch elm tree standing 

alone (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 108).,............................. 578.353

Merten, motor-line station, 0.2 mile southwest of Maple Grove clubhouse, 

30 meters south of vacant house, on west side of Lake Shore road; top of 

spike in root of 18-inch maple tree (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 111)...... 580.808

McSweeney's clubhouse, 0.8 mile southwest of, 175 meters north of rightangled turn in road, 60 meters south of residence of Daniel Pornnyville, 

on west side of Lake Shore road; spike in root of 40-inch poplar tree 

(U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 112).................................... 580. 813

McSweeney's clubhouse, 200 meters west of, in hole drilled in sandstone of 

foundation at northwest corner of power house of Detroit, Lake Shore & 

Mount Clemens R. R., 5 centimeters above ground, 32 centimeters south 

of northwest corner, marked on stone "40 U. S."; brass bolt (U. S. Lake 

Survey P.B. M. 40)................................................. 580. 228

McSweeney's clubhouse, 0.6 mile north of, 50 meters northeast of residence 

of William Kroll, 5 meters east of east road fence line, in pasture at turn 

in road; spike in root of 30-inch elm tree (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 113). 581. 729

Mount Clemens, 1 mile east of, on south bank of Clinton River, on west side 

of brick residence of J. Reimold, 0.9 meter above surface of ground, 

0.7 meter north of bay window, in sandstone water table; brass bolt 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 41)....................................... 591.180

J. Reimold's residence on Clinton River, 1 mile north of, on west side of 

Sugar Bush road, in west fence line, in roof of 12-inch maple tree; 

top of spike (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 117)........................ 583.592

David Furnant, opposite residence of, 70 meters south of an angle in road 

to west, 2.2 miles north of town line, on east side of Sugar Bush road, 

in root of 24-inch cherry tree; spike (U.S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 124).... 587. 324

New Baltimore, 3.2 miles west of, 60 meters south of angle in road, opposite 

residence of Mitchel Pelkey, on east fence line of Sugar Bush road, 

in root of 15-inch elm tree; spike (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 126)...... 587.938
64 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

New Baltimore, 2.5 miles west of, on top of south end of west abutment of 

4-meter bridge over west branch of Salt River; top of knob.on concrete Feet. 

(U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 127).................................... 579. 581

MUNISING QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 15'-46° 30'; longitude 86° 30'-S6° 45'.] 

At Munising.

Munising, on south shore of Lake Superior; top of nut on tie rod extending through lower right-hand corner of east end of red brick boiler house 

which bears northwest about 100 meters from shore end of old Burtis 

dock (U. S. Lake Survey U. S. B. M. Munising)....................... 609. 85

MUSKEGON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43°-43 8 15'; longitude 86°-SG° 15'.]

Grand Haven, at corner of Washington and Water streets; on northwest 

corner of northwest corner stone of water table projecting from under 

brickwork above 1.75 inches on Water Street side and 1.5 inches on 

Washington Street side, the top being 8.5 inches above cement sidewalk.. 595. 940

Muskegon, on middle of outside edge of sill of most easterly cellar window 

on north side of lighthouse and dwelling; scratched square 1 inch on each 

side................................................................ 589. 407

PICKFORD QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46°-460 15'; longitude 84° 15'-84° 30'.] 

From southeast corner of sec. 1, T. 43 N., R. 1. E., to Barbeau.

T. 43 N., R. IE., southeast corner of sec. 1, on east fence line of county 

road, 26 meters north of junction of roads at section corner, 38 meters 

south of southwest corner of Fairview schoolhouse, under cedar post 

with letters "U. S. B. M." on opposite sides, in top of dressed stone; 

half-inch bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Fairview)................. 687. 247

Sterlingville, 1 mile east by 0.2 mile south of, 40 meters east of east fence 

line of north-south road, 400 meters south of road intersection, 400 meters 

north of Robert Campbell's house, which stands on a high bluff 2 miles 

south of Big Munuscong River, in top of very large bowlder marked 

"U. S." embedded in field belonging to Robert-Campbell; brass bolt ' 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Campbell).............................. 627. 811

Kelden, 4 meters east of east fence line of north-south road, 91 meters north 

of north end of large barn on east side of road, 440 meters south of center 

of wagon bridge over'Little Munuscong River, 950 meters north of Big 

Munuscong River, 420 meters south of post office, under post with 

"U. S. B. M." cut on sides, in top of cut stone; iron bolt (U. S. Lake 

Survey P. B. M. Munuscong) ....................................... 601. 506

At Hessel.

Hessel, on north shore of Straits of Mackinac, 15 feet south of first house 

-from lake on north-south road, 30 meters south of northwest corner of 

street intersection, 36 meters north of triangulation station Hessel; top 

of knob on top of granite bowlder (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Hessel).... 581. 79
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SUEVEY. 65

POET HURON QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° .45'-43°; longitude 82° 15'-82° 30'.] 

From East China to point near Port Huron.

East China, 0.5 mile above Ricors dock on river front, in foundation on 

south side of Rankin's house, between kitchen and cellar door, 26 inches 

east of east kitchen door jamb, 7.75 inches below weatherboard and 18 

inches above ground; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Deep Feet. 

Wy. P. B. M. 23).................................................... 590. 842

East China, opposite schoolhouse, on river bank, in base of large lone oak 

tree; spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 57)................. 593.137

St. Clair, in south end of, on west side of Front Street opposite Oakland 

Hotel, just south of row of cottages, in base of 3-foot oak tree; spike with 

washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T.'B. M. 54)................................ 608. 334

St. Clair, in lower part of town, on river front at John Schlinkert's coal 

yard, in brick wall of old storehouse, 7.25 inches north of southeast corner, 

4.1 feet above ground, in twenty-first course of brick below woodwork 

of gable; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 22)...................... 599. 677

St. Clair, on south side of Adam Street, on north side of Barron Building, 

which is used as post office, on stone sill of east window in basement, 

1 foot west of east edge of sill; marked by a square (U. S. Deep Wy. Gage 

B. M. N)........................................................... 583. 828

St. Clair, at foot of Adam Street, southwest corner of Schwabins Brothers' 

saloon, on corner of water table; marked by square (U. S. Deep Wy. 

Gage B. M. M)..................................................... 588. 758

St. Clair, at city waterworks, 5 feet 7.5 inches south of south end of doorstone at main entrance, in water table; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." 

(U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 21)....................................... 588. 808

St. Clair, on top of north sill, on west side of Front Street, in foundation 

of Mark Hopkins's residence, in east face, in second-stone south of the 

northeast corner, top course of masonry; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." 

(U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 20)....................................... 627. 299

St. Clair, on top of hill above center of town, on west side of Front Street 

just east of sidewalk, on second maple tree, 2 feet in diameter, north of 

Mark Hopkins's north fence; spike and washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 

53)..........................................................'...... 623. 293

St. Clair, 1.2 miles above, on east side of River Street near river bank, 

opposite Hotel Summerville, in base of 3-foot lone elm tree; spike and 

washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 52)................................ - 610. 259

St. Clair, 3 miles above, just above oak grove, on east side of river road 

where it turns from river below little bridge, on south bank of gully in 

base of 2-foot oak tree; spike and washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 49). 606. 220

Marysville, 1 mile below, on west side of river road, 3 feet west of road 

fence, at Mr. Carlton's house, on seventh locust tree from upper end of 

row; spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 47)................. 593. 852

Marysville, on lower one of three tall chimneys, shingle mill chimney, on 

top of the northwest corner of stone foundation, 1 foot below surface of 

ground; highest point in square (U. S. Deep Wy. Gage B. M. L.)........ 582. 760

Marysville, diagonally opposite Marysville Hotel, in foundation of N. B. 

'Mill's store, in second brick northeast from corner and in seventh course 

above stone foundation; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 19)...... 590. 012

44137° Bull. 559 14 5
66 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Marysville, at upper mill (Sanburn sawmill), on chimney bearing stone 

marked 1871 in west end, south, face, in corner brick, seventeenth course Feet. 

above foundation; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 18)............ 587.164

Marysville, 0.8 mile above, 195 feet north of small bridge over gully, 130 

feet above square frame house, in base of large oak tree having stones piled 

around it; spike with washer (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 46)............. . 593.222

Black River, 2.8 miles below the Hamilton place, on west side of river 

road, 250 feet below house; highest point of hydrant (U. S. Deep Wy. 

Gage B. M. J) ...................................................... 596. 387

Port Huron, 2 miles below Black River, at Alverson and Dunford's dry 

dock, in south face of boiler house of pumping station, in top course of 

stone foundation, 10 inches west from west face of coal door and 6 inches 

below top of stone; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M," (U. S. Deep Wy. 

P. B. M. 17). ...................................................... 596. 726

Port Huron, 1.4 miles below Black River, 1,840 feet below viaduct over 

Pere Marquette R. R., west side of Military Street, in front of No. 2409, 

12 feet north of horse block, on curb; highest point inside of square (TJ. S. 

Deep Wy. T. B. M. 41).............................................. 603. 536

Port Huron, 0.8 mile below Black River, west side of Military Street, in 

front of No. 1915, south side of carriage walk to street, on curb; highest 

point inside of square (TJ. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 40).................. 605. 702

Port Huron, at foot of Clyde Street, 100 feet from river, on brick powder 

house; top of lower hinge bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. Gage B. M. I).......... 585. 361

Port Huron, 290 feet south of Black River, west side of Military Street, on 

Opera House block, center post of front entrance, on extreme southeast . 

corner of. iron plate; surface inside of 1-inch square (U. S. Deep Wy. 

P. B. M. 16)..-..................,..............'..................... 595. 265

Port Huron, on courthouse, on stone doorstep of northeast basement door, 

4.5 inches south of south jamb and 3.25 inches from front edge; brass bolt 

marked "U.S.P.B.M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 15)................ 599.421

Port Huron, at city waterworks, south end of coal shed, 66 feet south of 

south face of main building; on coping stone of south retaining wall, 6 

inches from its south face and 6 inches from its east end, at which point 

south wall of coal shed rises vertically 3 feet to upper coping; brass bolt 

marked "U.S.P.B.M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 14)................ 600.143

At Port Huron.

Port Huron, 0.3 mile below Fort Gratiot Lighthouse, 1,300 feet north of old 

customhouse at Fort Gratiot, at south end of east fence of Block I car 

shops, at north end of horizontal timber firmly attached to top of retaining wall; top of square headed iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey Gage B. M. 

Section Gorge)...................................................... 584. 560

Port Huron, on top of foundation wall on east side of U. S. Customhouse 

(formerly Grand Trunk Ry. passenger .station) (building is about 300 

feet south of State Street and 150 feet from bank of St. Clair River), 

3.54 feet from southeast corner; top of highest point in rectangle on top 

of stone (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Customs).......................... 589. 767

Port Huron, on bank of St. Clair River, in Pine Grove Park, on south side 

of lower floor of main building of Port Huron pumping station; top of 

southeast corner of cut stone sill of window (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. WW) 589. 776

Port Huron, 450 feet north of mouth of Black River, on south wall of old dry 

dock, 40 feet from river face of burned dock, at north end of dock of Jenks 

Lumber Co., on east end of east top stone of short stone wall; highest point 

inside of square cut on stone, marked "U.S.B.M." (U. S. Lake Survey 

Gage B. M. MBR). ................................................. 583. 357
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 67

Port Huron, 2 miles below mouth of Black River, at dry dock of Reid 

Wrecking Co., in south face of boiler house, 1.5 feet above surface of 

ground, 1.5 feet from east end of wall, 29.1 feet east of P. B. M. 17; brass Feet, 

bolt, marked "U.S.B.M." (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 17A).............. 589.706

Port Huron, 2.5 miles below mouth of Black River, 25 feet north of Grant 

Place, 35 feet north of discharge section dry dock, on fence line on west 

side of river road; spike in root of 10-inch hickory tree (U. S. Lake Survey 

B. M. Hickory)..................................................... 594.472

Port Huron, 2.5 miles below mouth of Black River, 2,000 feet below Dry 

Dock of Reid Wrecking Co., at foot of Grant Place, on east side of river 

road, at edge of bank, on line of discharge section dry dock; top of halfinch gas pipe embedded in concrete monument (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 

A North West)...................................................... 592. 576

RABER QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46°-460 15'; longitude 84°-84° 15'.] 

From Gatesville to southeast corner sec. 1, T. 43 N., R. 1. E.

Gatesville, in small ditch west of wagon road running north from Gatesville

post office, 5 meters east of north-south fence on west side of road, 133 

meters north of intersection of roads at Gatesville, 1,435 meters south of 

P. B. M. Gatesville; small square cut on highest point of embedded limestone bowlder (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 173)....................... 738. 371

Raber, on south line of main street, 65 meters west of water's edge of St. 

Marys River, 76 meters east of intersection of narrow-gage railroad and 

the main street, 75 meters from entrance of a new church, 37 meters from 

southwest corner of Mud Lake Lumber Co.'s general store, under cedar 

post with letters "U.S.B.M." cut on opposite sides, in top of cut stone; 

iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Raber)......................... 582. 443

Gatesville, 1 mile north of, north side of county road, 7 feet west of large 

hemlock stump at corner of road, under 6-inch cedar post marked "U. S. 

B. M." on opposite sides, in top of cut stone; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey 

P. B. M. Gatesville)................................................. 717.495

T. 43 N., R. 2 E., southeast corner of sec. 27,13 meters northwest of section, 

corner stake, 3 meters south of east-west fence which is south line of 

Frank Huber's property, 150 meters east of point in road opposite 

Huber's house, 125 meters north of creek crossing road in bottom of large 

ravine 1 mile north of county road, under cedar post with letters 

"U.S.B.M." cut on opposite sides, in top of cut stone marked "U.S."; 

iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Hudson)....................... 680.232

P. B. M. Hudson, 12.5 meters west of, 5.5 meters south of fence on north 

side of east-west road, 21 meters west and 4 meters north of section corner 

stake, 140 meters east of point on road opposite Frank Huber's house, 125 

meters north of creek which crosses road at bottom of large ravine;'summit 

of small square on highest point of embedded granite bowlder marked 

"U.QS." (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M.. 164)........................... 683.488

T. 43 N., R. 2 E., northeast corner of sec. 21, on east side of road at turn by 

the bluff, 12.5 meters south of section corner, under cedar post with 

 letters "U.S.B.M." cut on opposite sides, in top of. cut stone; iron bolt 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Tripp).................................. 680.806
68 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

ROCK QUADRANGLE.

. [Latitude 46°-46° 15'; longitude 87°-87° 15'.] 

At Maple Ridge.

Maple Ridge, on east side of Chicago & North Western Ry., 36 meters north 

of switch of siding leading to charcoal kilns, in natural rock; copper bolt Feet. 

(U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 4, 1876).................................... 959.219

SAGINAW QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 43° 15'-43° 30'; longitude 83° 45'-84°.] 

Along the Saginaw River.

The following bench marks were established by primary leveling 

of the U. S. Corps of Engineers; a single line of levels verified by 

subsequent lines of wye leveling.

Carrolton, at extreme west end of the 6th Street bridge, in north end of Feet, 

cross stringer; top of drift bolt (U. S. C.E.B. M.)...................... 591.828

Saginaw, in cement walk, at head of stairs on south side of east approach 

of the Genesee Street bridge, circular copper plate (U. S. C. E. B. M.).. 598.889

Saginaw, at northeast corner of Rust and Fordney streets, in tee on top of 

8-inch iron pipe protruding about 3 feet out of ground; top of square 

nut (U.S. C. E. B.M.)............................................... 594.622

Saginaw River; all gages along this river are set so that zero of each is at 

579*.0 feet above mean tide at New York. There is a gage located on 

each bridge or approach, also one at the Northern Chemical Works slip, 

one on Bairds boathouse at Zilwaukee, and one at the Water Works intake.

ST. IGNACE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 45'-46°; longitude 84° 30'-84° 45'.] 

At Mackinaw City.

Mackinaw City, in rough stone face of first course of masonry on north side 

of Old Point Mackinaw lighthouse, 1.5 feet above ground and 2 feet west 

of center of slot window facing water, the letter B is cut above the east 

end of shelf; cut (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 1)......................... 590. 917

Mackinaw City, top of edge of stone forming sill of door in light keeper's

house that is nearest the light-house tower, the bench mark is at easterly

side of door, on level part of stone, next to bevel of sill and at middle of

 8-foot stone, the west half of which forms the doorsill (U. S. Lake Survey

B.M. 2)............................:................................ 593.155

Mackinaw City, just north of railroad crossing on Huron Avenue, 13.3-feet 

north of north rail of most northerly track of Michigan Central R. R., 

6.9 feet south of south rail of Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry., 6.4 feet east 

of lamp-post between above-named tracks, 2.6 feet west of west edge of 

.' plank sidewalk on west side of Huron Avenue, in top of block of concrete 

marked "U. S. 19 Q 01 B. M."; brass tube(TJ. S. Lake Survey B. M. 3). 586.944

Mackinaw City, 44.8 feet north of B. M. 3,184.1 feet west of northwest corner 

of pump house, measurement made in line with north face of pump house, 

which is on east side of Huron Avenue, on west side of Huron Avenue 

near west street line; top of railroad rail set vertically in ground and 

projecting 1 foot out of ground (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. R.)............ 589. 940
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 69

Mackinaw City, 64.7 feet east of b. m. R, 85.4 feet northeast of b. m. 3, 

119.4 feet west of northwest corner of pump house, on east side of Huron 

Avenue, measured in line with north face of pump house, in concrete 

block marked "U. S. 19 Q 01 B. M."; brass tube (U. S. Lake Survey Feet 

B.M.4)....:......................................................... 584,139

SAULT STE. MARIE QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 46° 15'-46° 30'; longitude 84° 15'-84° 30'.] 

From Barbeau'to point near Brimley.

Barbeau, 1 meter north of south fence of east-west road, 59 meters west of 

8-inch lone oak tree standing in road, 31 meters east of point in road 

opposite east line of small schoolhouse standing north of road, on top of 

hill and in front of Alexander Scales's house, 330 meters east of post office, 

which stands at southeast corner of junction of roads, under cedar post 

with "U.S.B.M." marks on sides, in top of dressed stone; iron bolt 

(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Barbeau)................................ 660. 881

Charlotte River, near mouth of, on north side of road which runs east-west

just south of Charlotte River, 3 meters north of center of road and in line

with west side of Mr. Dyer's house on north side of road, 9 meters west 

of west line of James Greg's house on south side of road, 55 meters west of 

Greg schoolhouse, 500 meters west of center of Hay Lake road; summit 

of small square cut on top of large sandstone bowlder (U. S. Lake Survey 

T. B. M. 133)................................'........................ 621.931

Charlotte River, near mouth of, at Hay Lake road crossing, 3 feet east of 

Hay Lake road, 140 feet south of Charlotte River; referenced as follows: 

4 by 4 inch stone marked "U. S." on top is S. 64° W. and 59 feet distant; 

B. M. 3£ is N. 50' W. and 126 feet distant; northeast corner of house on 

east side of road is S. 01° 10' E.; under cedar post with letters U.S.B.M. 

on sides, in top of cut stone; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 

Charlotte)........................................................... 602.190

Charlotte River, near mouth of, 5 meters south of bank of Charlotte River 

and just below wagon bridge over same; spike in east root of double elm 

tree(U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 3J)..............................'.... 600.951

NOTE. The wood has rotted around spike but it appeared to be 

solid when connected with in August, 1901.

Charlotte River, near mouth of, 5 meters south of bank of river, just below 

wagon bridge over river on Hay Lake road, on opposite side of tree from 

b. m. 3£; wire nail in west root of 3-foot double elm tree (U. S. Lake 

Survey T. B. M. 132)................................................ 600.344

Charlotte River, 3 miles north of, at junction of Hay Lake and Rosedale 

roads, 2 feet east by 1 foot south of fence corner which is southwest corner 

of property of Mrs. John Hinds (the property on south of Rosedale road 

and east of Hay Lake road belongs to Van Lenven and is 10.5 miles south 

of Soo locks, 0.8 mile west of St. Marys River, and 3 miles due north of 

Charlotte River), under small bowlder, in sandstone bowlder buried 

with its flat top 2.5 feet below surface of ground; brass bolt (U. S. Lake 

Survey P. .B. M. Hinds).....'......................................... 592.194

"Soo" locks on Hay Lake road, 7 miles below, on right bank of St. Marys 

River, in south end of an ash grove belonging to Mrs. Newcdmb, 10 meters . 

from top of bank, 5 meters south of south fence line of lane leading from 

house to river, 3 meters south of line of north side of large barn, under 

pine post, in top of bowlder; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Newcomb).. ............................................................. 584.789
70 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

Riverside Cemetery, 4.5 miles below the "Soo" locks, in center of sixth 

masonry course above ground at south end of gateway to cemetery, stone is 

marked "U.S.P.B.M."; brass bolt (U. S. Lake.Survey P. B. M. River- Feet, 

side)............................................................... 590.120

Riverside Cemetery, 1,143 meters below entrance to, 8 meters inside of 

fence, on river side of Hay Lake Road and in line with east fence of road 

running south from this point; wire nail in south root of 2^-foot elm tree 

(U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 123).. ................................. 589. 562

Sault Ste. Marie, 4 miles below, 8 meters north of center of Hay Lake Road, 

597 meters below junction of road leading to Chippewa County poorhouse; 

wire nail in southwest root of 10-inch spruce tree (U. S. Lake Survey 

T. B. M. 121) ...................................................... 590. 529

Sault Ste. Marie, 2.5 miles below " Soo "locks at, on upper island, 10 meters 

back of Government light on right shore of main channel of St. Marys 

River; square iron bolt in top of sandstone bowlder (U. S. Lake Survey 

P. B. M.Little)..........................................:.......... 586. 265

Sault Ste. Marie, 2.5 miles below "Soo" locks at, 8 meters east of center of 

wagon road along St. Marys River, 17 meters south of path leading toward 

the river and to rustic bridge crossing slough to small island, 51 meters 

west of west bank of slough, 165 meters above boathouse of Country Club, 

267 meters below triangulation East Base (Soo base line), in top of 

bowlder; square iron fox bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 14).......... 586. 304

Sault Ste. Marie, northeast corner of Chippewa County courthouse, 2.5 feet 

above ground and 6 inches west of northeast corner of building, in north 

side of red sandstone; brass b'olt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Soo).... 619. 772

Sault Ste. Marie, at northeast corner of Chippewa County courthouse, 6 

inches above ground, 5 inches west of northeast corner of .building, 2.15 

feet directly below p. b. m. "Soo;" summit of small square on top of first 

stone above ground (U. S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 117)................. 617. 626

Sault Ste. Marie, on north side of Weitzel lock, 10 inches south of north 

edge of masonry and directly in line of lower gate at upper end of Weitzel 

Lock, 150 meters west of Government building; summit of square cut on 

 top of masonry (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. A)....................... 606. 068

Sault Ste. Marie, at foot and on north side of Poe lock, 5 inches south of south 

side of steps leading down on north side of Poe lock and directly in line 

with front edge of second step from bottom; summit of square on top of

masonry (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. B)............................. 588. 627

Sault Ste. Marie, on south side of Sault Ste. Marie Canal at movable dam, 

on southwest corner of masonry, 6 inches from south side and 8 inches 

from west side, 115 meters east of railroad and 900 meters west of west end 

of Weitzel lock; summit of small square cut on top of masonry (U. S. Lake 

Survey T. B. M. 90)................................................ 607. 057

Sault Ste. Marie, in line of center of Meridian Street (Meridian Street bounds 

Fort Brady on the west), 4 feet east and 12 feet north of southeast corner 

of stone abutment of plate girder bridge carrying Soo Line over wagon 

road, 2 feet below the surface of ground, in hole walled up and covered 

with large stones; summit of square head of an iron bolt leaded in top of 

stone monument marking intersection of the principal meridian and south 

line of Sault Ste. Marie grant (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Meridian)... C07. 833
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. '71

Sault Ste. Marie, 2.5 miles above, 5 meters north of Minneapolis, St. Paul & 

Sault Ste. Marie Ry., 21 meters south of Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic 

By., 1,800 meters west of prominent point of bluff near North Western 

Leather Co.'s buildings on north side of railroads, 250 meters east of 

prominent point of bluff on south side of tracks, at which point the two 

railroads separate, in top of very large bowlder marked "U. S."; summit Feet, 

of small square (U.S. Lake Survey T. B. M. 94)....................... 640.11?

Sault Ste. Marie, in small ditch in small cut of Soo Line, 1.95 meters south 

of south rail of track, 35 meters west of road crossing, 63 meters east of 

point of curve of track, 185 meters east of smoke stack of North Western 

Leather Co.'s tannery, in top of large sandstone bowlder marked "U. S."; 

brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Neaseville)................... 64L 715

Brush Point, St. Marys River, in Solomon's clearing, 3 feet below surface of 

ground, 3.5 meters west,of 15-inch white-pine tree, on which is blazed a 

 9-inch triangle, 16 meters south of top of river bank on line of an old fence 

running back from river, 925 meters by shore line below Brush Point, 

under 15 by 6 by 6 inch stone marked "U. S."; in top of sandstone 15 by 

12 by 6 inches; brass bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Solomon)...... 608.33ft

Brush Point, 5 meters back of staff gage and 35 meters west of northwest 

corner of large boathouse on south shore of St. Marys River; five wire 

spikes in top of very large hub on top of low bank (U. S. Lake Survey 

P. B. M. Brush)..................................................... 603.719>

Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry., 200 meters north of 3-mile post, 12 feet 

west of center line of track, in summit of large bowlder, marked on east 

face "U.S.B.M."; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. 1)......... 642.098

Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry., 29 feet north of 6-mile post, in summit 

of bowlder buried to depth of 4 feet, 41 feet west of center of track, a red 

sandstone is set directly over underground mark; copper bolt (U. S. 

Lake Survey P. B. M. 2)............................................ 641.35?

At Sault Ste. Marie.

Sault Ste. Marie, near center of downstream end of second pier from U. S. 

shore of the International Bridge across St. Marys River; flat surface 2 

inches square on top of fifth course of masonry from top of pier, 6 feet 

below top of battered surface of pier and 1 foot north of center line, 

marked "U.S.B.M." (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Pier 2)................. 609.393

Sault Ste. Marie, at end of east railing of Bingham Avenue Bridge across 

canal of Michigan Lake Superior Power Co., on north side of canal; top of 

northwest bolt in footplate of post (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. Bingham 

Avenue Bridge)..................................................... 613.940

SOUTH FOX ISLAND QUADRANGLE.

|Latitude 45° 15'-45°30'; longitude 85° 45'-86°.] 

On South Fox Island.

South Fox Island, on south end of, in north end of Lake Michigan, at southeast comer of square lighthouse tower; top of water table (U. S. Lake 

Survey B. M. Lighthouse)........................................... 612.10

SOUTH MANITOU QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45°-45° 15'; longitude 86°-86° 15'.]

On South Manitou Island.

South Manitou Island, on east side of, in north end of Lake Michigan, between two stones in beveled water table forming the top of foundation of 

South Manitou lighthouse, just at right of door leading into tower; highest 

point on head of brass screw (U.S. Lake Survey B. M. Lighthouse)..... 598. 0?
72 SPIRIT LEVELING IN MICHIGAN, 1911 AND 1913.

WHISKEY ISLAND QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 45° 45'-46°; longitude 85° 30'-85° 45'.] 

On Squaw Island.

Squaw Island, in north end of Lake Michigan; top of levelsill of north basement window, of light keeper's dwelling, not marked (U. S. Lake Survey Feet. 

B. M. Lighthouse).......................................:........... 590. 68

SOUTH HAVEN QUADRANGLE.

[Latitude 42° 15'-42° 30'; longitude 86° 15'-86° 30'.] 

At South Haven.

South Haven, under southwest corner of Liberty Hall, at northeast 

corner of Michigan Avenue and Maple Street, tenth course above course 

under W. & S. cellar window frames; top of brick foundation........... 623.091

South Haven, near northeast corner of water works pump house, on north 

end of stone window sill............................................... 591.096

WYANDOTTE QUADRANGLE.

(Latitude 42°-42° 15'; longitude 83°-83° 15'.] 

From Gibraltar to Monroe.

South Rockwood, 17 feet west of center of Michigan-Central R. R. track, 

198 feet south of station, on southeast stone pillar of water tank on northeast corner of stone; bottom of square cut (U.S. Lake Survey P. B.M. A). 587.335

Newport, on line of Michigan Central R. R. track, 360 feet above station, 

in south abutment of bridge over Swan Creek, in end of north face, 3 feet 

above ground; brass bolt (U.S. Lake Survey P. B. M. B)................. 580. 399

From Trenton to Amherstburg, Canada.

Trenton, southeast corner of Washington Avenue and St. Joseph Street, in 

northwest corner of Commercial Hotel, in west face, in first course below 

water table, second stone from corner; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey 

P. B. M. Trenton, 1877)....................................,......... 603.495

Trenton, 1 mile below, on northwest corner of east pier inside of truss of 

Michigan Central R. R. bridge across Detroit River to Grosse Isle, Mich., 

and Stony Island, Mich., marked "U.S.D B.M."; square cut (U. S. Lake 

Survey P. B. M. Bridge) ............................................ 584. 556

Grosse Isle, on coping stone on north end of west course of west pier of Michigan Central Railroad bridge connecting Grosse Isle with Stony Island, 

marked "U.S.DB.M."; square cut (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Grosse 

Isle)............................................................... 584. 561

Stony Island, about 75 meters north of Michigan Central R. R. track 

and 15 meters from water's edge, in stone monument, about 3 feet above 

ground; iron bolt (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Monument).............. 577. 524

From Gibraltar to Tecumseh salt works.

Gibraltar, in foundation wall of lighthouse tower (now abandoned and used 

as a dwelling), at its southeast corner, east face, in fourth course of masonry 

below cut sandstone water table; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M 

Gibraltar).......................................................... 582. 528

Gibraltar, on same lighthouse as above (now used as a dwelling), on southeast corner of stone sill of door in southeast angle of building; right angle 

cuton stone (U. S. Lake Survey P. B.M. No. 2)......................... 585.045
ELEVATIONS BY THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 73

Gibraltar, in southern part of town, on lake front, in rear of Edward Hall's 

wharf and boat house, 75 feet southwest of his house, in east face of stone 

milk house 8 inches south from northeast corner, 4 feet 4 inches above Foet. 

ground; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M.I)......................... 587.610

Trenton, 2 miles below, on west side of road south at north side of Riverside 

stock farm, 7 feet east of west fence, on lower and well-embedded bowlder; 

highest point in square (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 4)..................... 576. 608

Trenton, southeast corner of Washington Avenue and St. Joseph Street, 

in west face of Commercial Hotel, second stone from northwest corner, 

in first course below water table; copper bolt (U. S. Lake Survey B. M. 

"Trenton ")......................................................... 603.496

Trenton, northwest corner of St. Joseph Street and Washington Avenue, in 

stone base of store building belonging to Joseph Anderson, 5 feet 4 inches 

north of north side of door, 4.75 inches south of north pillar, 4inches back 

fromface; brassboltmarked"U.S.P.B.M."(TJ.S. DeepWy.P.B.M.2). 601.705

Sibley's stone quarry (crushing plant), 2,525 feet above, on north side of 

Mud Street, 354 feet west of center of south road, in foundation of F. B. 

Sibley's residence, in first course below baseboard and 1.5 feet above 

ground, 18.9 feet south of northeast corner; brass bolt marked "U. S. 

P. B. M." (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 3).............................. 593. 460

Wyandotte, lower part of, northwest corner of Forest Street and Biddle 

Avenue, at east line of west sidewalk on top rim (immovable) of hydrant, 

on the letter "n" of the word "open" (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 11)....... 583.779

Wyandotte, in southern part of, on river bank, 6 feet south of line fence 

between the Morton Salt Co. and Detroit Dry Dock Co., 40 feet west of . 

face of dock, on top of hard-wood post 5 by 6 inches cross section, 6 inches 

above ground; top of 20-penny spike (U. S. Deep Wy. gage B. M. A.)..... 578.086

 Wyandotte, on river front, 42 feet south of line fence between Morton Salt 

Co. and Detroit Dry Dock Co., in snubbing post; large cut spike (U. S. 

Deep Wy. gage B. M. B)............................................. 579.246

Wyandotte, on northwest corner of Biddle Avenue and Elm Street, south 

side of main entrance to corner store, southeast corner of pedestal stone 

of pillar; square on corner of stone (U. S. Deep Wy. T. B. M. 12)....... 586. 208

Wyandotte, on west side of Biddle Avenue, 171 feet south of south side 

of Oak Street, in south pedestal stone of south pillar of brick store used 

as meat market, owned by J. P. Debo, 8.5 inches east of face of building 

and 4.5 inches north of north face of pillar; brass bolt marked "U. S. P. 

B.M." (U. S. DeepWy.P. B. M. 4)............'...................... - 585.737

Wyandotte, 2,700 feet west of Biddle Avenue, on south side of Oak Street, 

in Union School building, north side of foundation, in third course 

of masonry below water table, inclosed by fire escape wire screw; copper 

bolt marked "U. S. P. B. M." (U. S. Lake Survey P. B. M. Wyandotte).. 586. 383

Ecorse, on east side of river road, at foot of Labodie Street, on W. B. Smith's 

residence, in east face of foundation, 10.5 inches from southeast corner, 

in seventh course of brick below baseboard; brass bolt (U. S. Deep Wy. 

P. B. M. 5)........................ .I............................... 584.779

Ecorse, opposite head of Fighting Island, at Tecumseh salt works, 136 

feet east of northeast corner of boiler room, on river front at end of railroad track, 11 feet west of bumper, 4.5 feet north of north rail on top of 

10-inch pile, 14 inches above ground; top of 20-penny wire spike circumscribed by 2-inch square cut in wood (U. S. Deep Wy. P. B. M. 6).. 578. 673
APPENDIX B.

SECONDARY ELEVATIONS.

Secondary elevations from records and topographic maps of the 

United States Geological Survey, including altitudes of well-known 

summits, water-surface elevations of prominent lakes, and other 

useful elevations are given below. These elevations are approximate and should not be used for accurate work.

Place.

Delhi Mills .................................

Do.....................................

Hamburg Lake, water surface ............. : Hawlett. . ..................................

Do.....................................

Quadrangle.

.....do................

Milford. ..............

Milford.. .............

Howell ...............

Milford ...............

..:.. do.. ..............

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

Howell...............

Milford...............

.....do................

Howell...............

Milford................

Milford................

Milford............... .....do.:..............

Milford...............

County.

.....do..................

.....do.:................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do.. .../.-.. .........

.....do..................

.....do..................

Oakland................

Elevation.,

Feet. 

950

967

1.193

851

855

. 949

623

1,017

1,067

945

972

931

934

969

867

908

933

934

939

969

.828

574

£,71

1,014

1,001

923

1,035

885

1,015

877

968

8S4

629

1,237

898

886

888

913

897

990

1,130

1,017

871

960

1.015

74
SECONDARY ELEVATIONS. 75

Place.

Lower Long Lake, water surface. ..........

Lower Straits Lake, water surface .........

Mesnard Mountain, triangulation station . .

Parshallville... . ...........................

Pickerel Lake, water surface. ..............

Pinckney.... . .............................

Do.....................................

Portage Lake, water surface ................

Royal Oak .................................

South Lyon. ...............................

TomimQA}"!

Waterford Hill. ............................

White Lake, water surface... . ..............

Quadrangle.

.....do...............

....do...............

.....do...............

.....do...............

Howell...............

....do................

....do................

....do................

....do................

....do................

....do................

Milford................

Dexter. ...............

County.

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.........'........

Livingston. ............

Livingston-Washtenaw

.....do..................

Livingston. .............

Hough ton-Keweenaw . . . 

Oakland ................

....do..................

....do..................

....do..................

....do..................

....do..................

....do..................

....do..................

....do..................

....do.................. 

Livingston-Washtenaw .

Livingston. .............

....do..................

Elevation.

Feet. 

949 

 J21 

912 

955 

930

1,123 

932

912

932 

850 

942

908 

018 

904 

932 

947 

953 

957 

851

C57

576 

930 

873 

940 

033 

1,086 

853 

1,079 

002 

930

813 

905 

COS

928 

914 

998 

933

983

934 

881 

1,149 

051 

1,018 

894 

969 

858 

957 

1,016

sea

INDEX.

A. Page. 

Ada......................................... 1C, 23

Adrian quadrangle.......................... 11-12

Alger County................................ 47

Algonac.................................. 48,49,50

Algonac quadrangle......................... 47-51

Alicia....................................... 41,43

Allegan County.............................. 25,47

Alpena...................................... 51

Alpena County.............................. 47

Alpena quadrangle.......................... 51

Alvordton quadrangle....................... 12

Anchorville.................................. 48

. Atlantic..................................... 8

B. 

Bancroft..................................... 39

Barbeau..................................... 64,69

B airy County............................... 15

Bay City.................................... 61,52

Bay City quadrangle........................ 51-52

Bay County................................. 47

Bay Mills.................................... . 52

Bay Mills quadrangle........................ 52-53

Beaver Island............................... 61

Bench marks, description of................. 5-6

forms of, plate showing.................. 5

Benton Harbor quadrangle.................. 53

B errien County.............................. 47

Bibbee, E.G., work of.................... 15,25,37

Board on Deep Waterways, elevations by.... 47-73

Bradley..................................... 36,37

. Branch County.............................. 25

Brimley..................................... 52,69

Brush Point................................. 71

Burnt Island quadrangle.................... 53

B y ron Center................................ 19

C. 

Caledonia................................. 19,20,23

Camden............................... 12,13,14,34

Carlton...................................... 21

Carrolton..................................... 68

Cascade.!......... 1......................... 16

Centerville............................ 26,27,28,29

Centerville quadrangle....................... 25-31

Charlotte Biver............................. 69

Chassell..................................... 45

Chesaning quadrangle....................... 37-38

Chicaso & North Western Ry............... 57,68

Chicago,- Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry.......... 9,10

Chief quadrangle............................ 53

Chippewa County........................... 47

Clark, Howard, work of..................... 44

Classification, standard of.................... 5

ClinIte,R. G., workof....................... 25

Coast and Geodetic Survey, elevations by... 47-73 

Coldwater quadrangle....................... 31-32

Constantine................................. 29,31

Cooper...................................... 32,33

Cooperation by the State.................... 5

Copper Harbor.............................. 54

Copper Harbor quadrangle.................. 54

Copper Range R. R..................... 7,8,45,46

Corinth...................................... 19,20

Corps of Engineers, U.'S. Army, elevations by 47-73 

Corunna quadrangle......................... 38-39

Crosswell quadrangle........................ 54

D. 

Datum, inland.............................. 6-7

Delray...................................... 56

Delta County................................ 47

Detour................................... 53,54,55

Detour quadrangle.......................... 54-55

Detroit................................ 55/56,57,59

Detroit & LimaNorthern R. R.............. 56

Detroit, Lake Shore & Mount Clemens R. R.. 63 

Detroit quadrangle.......................... 55-57

Drenthe..................................... 22

Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry.. 8,10,52,62,71

East China.................................. 61,65

East Gilead.................................. 32

Eaton County............................... 15

Ecorse....................................... 73

Edon quadrangle.-........................... 12-13

Elm River.................................. 10

Escanaba.................................... 57

Escanaba quadrangle........................ 57

F. 

Fabius....................................... 28,29

Fair Haven.................................. 48

Faleston..................................... 11

Fawn River............'..................... 35,36

Fennville quadrangle........................ 57

Fergus...................................... 43,44

Fisher.................................... 17,18,20

Flitman, Philip, workof.................... 11

Flowerfleld................................... 35

Fort Gratiot................................. 57,58

Fort Wayne................................. 56

Fowlerville quadrangle...................... 40

Freeport..................................... 24

French, C. R., work of....................... 11

Frontier..................................... 14

Frost Junction.............................. 9

77
78 INDEX.

Q. Page.

Gardendale quadrangle...................... 57-58

Garfleld..................................... 43

GatesviUe................................... 53,67

Gibraltar.................................... 72,73

Good Hart quadrangle....................... 59

Grand Haven............................... 64

Grand Ledge................................ . 25

Grand Rapids......................... 15,16,17,18

Grand Rapids & Indiana Ry.. 17,18,32,33,36,37,68 

Grand Rapids quadrangle................... 15-20

Grand Trunk Ry............................ 34,39

Greenland quadrangle....................... 7-8

Grindstone City quadrangle..........:...... 59

Groscap quadrangle......................... 59

Grosse Isle.................................. 72

Grosse Pointe............................... 59,60

prosse Pointe quadrangle................... 59-60

H. 

Hancock.................................... 8

Harbor Beach quadrangle................... 60

Harvey quadrangle............;............. 60

Herps....................................... 19,20

Hessel....................................... 64

High Island quadrangle..................... 61

Hillsdale County............................ 11,25

Holland..................................... 21,61

Holland quadrangle......................... 21,61

Houghton.............:..................... 8,45

Houghton County........................... 7,44

Houghton quadrangle................... 8-9,45-46

Howell, C. W., work of...................... 11

Hudson quadrangle......................... 13

Huron County.............................. 47

Huronia Beach.............................. 58

I.

He Aux Galets... -........................... 59

Indiana..................................... 11

Ionia........................................ 21-22

Iroquois Point............................... 52,53

Ivanrest..................................... 17

J.

Jenison quadrangle.......................... 22-23

JoeBedores................................. 50,51

K. 

Kalamazoo.................................. 33

Kalamazoo County.......................... 25

Kalamazoo quadrangle....................... 32-33

Kelden.'..................................... 64

Kent County................................ 15

Keweenaw County.......................... 47

Keweenaw Point............................ 54

Kinderhook................................. 32,33

Klinger................................ 27,30,31,35

L. 

Lake Mine.................................. 7,8

Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry........ 17,

19,26,27,29,30,32,33,34,35,62 

Lakeport..................................... 58

L'Anse Creuse............................... 63

Lamed...................................... 39

La Salle....................................'. 62

Leelanau County............................ 47

Lenawee County............................ 11

Lexington.............................:..... 54,58

Livingston County.......................... 37

Lovelands................................... 52

Lowell quadrangle.......................... 23-24

.Lyons....................................... 12,15

M.

Mabrey, F., work of......................... 11

Macatawa..... t ............................. 21

McKeever Junction......................... 9

Mackinac County............................ 47

Mackinaw City.............................. 68,69

McNair, E. L., work of...................... 7

Macomb County............................. 47

Manistee County............................ 47

Maple Ridge.'............................... 68

Maps, topographic, list of.................... 7

Marine City................................. 48,61

Marine City quadrangle..................... 61

Marinette quadrangle........................ 62

Marquette................................... 62

Marquette County........................... 47

Marquette quadrangle....................... 62

Martin...................................... 32,37

Marysville. .................................. 65,66

Melbourne.................................. 52

Menominee.................................. 62

Merten...................................... 63

Michigan Central Ry... 23,26,33,37,42,43,62,68,72 

Michigan Smelts............................. 45

Milk River Point............................ 60

Mill Mine Junction.......................... 8,46

Mills, C. E., work of......................... 11

Mineral Range R. R......................... 8

Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Ry. 71 

Moline...................................... 20,36

Monroe...................................... 62,72

Monroe County.............................. 47

Monroe quadrangle.......................... 62-63

Montague quadrangle...........:........... 63

Montgomery................................ 34

Monteith.................................... 37

Moore Park................................. 25,35

Morenci..................................... 12,13

MottvUle.................................... 30,31

Mount Clemens............................... 63

Mount Clemens quadrangle.................. 63-64

Muir quadrangle............................ 24-25

Mulberry.................................... 14,15

Mulliken.................................... 25

Munising.................................... 64

Munising quadrangle........................ 64

Munson..................................... 13

Muskegon................................... 64

Muskegon County........................... 47

Muskegon quadrangle....................... 64

N.

New Baltimore........................ 47,48,63,64

Newport.................................... 72

North Dorr............................... 20,22,23

»A
INDEX. 79

0.

Obenhoff............

Onekama..........

Ontonagon County. 

Oskar..............

Ottawa Beach......

................... 46

................... 53

................... 7

................... 45

................... 21

Ottawa County.............................. 15,47

P.

Painesdale................................

Parmelee..................................

Paynesville quadrangle....................

Peppard..................................

Pere Marquette R. R......................

Personnel, record of.......................

Pickford quadrangle.. .....................

Pioneer...................................

Pioneer quadrangle.......................... 13-14

Pipe Island................................. 55

Plainwell.................................... 32

Plato........................................ 9

Port Austin................................. 59

Port Huron.............................. 57,66;67

Port Huron quadrangle..................... 65-67

Portage..................................... 34

Precise leveling.............................. 7-11

Presque Isle County. ........................ 47

Primary leveling............................ 11-46

Publication, previous........................ 5

R. 

Raber....................................... 67

Raber quadrangle........................... 67

Ransom.................................. 12,13,14

Reading quadrangle......................... 33-34

Redridge.................................... 46

Ricedale.................................... 9

Ridgeville................................ 11,14,15

Roberts Landing............................ 48,49

Rock quadrangle............................. 68

Rubicon....................................' 9

Rubicon quadrangle......................... 9-10

S. 

Saginaw..................................... 40,68

Saginaw County............................. 37

Saginaw quadrangle...................... 40-41,68

St. Charles quadrangle...................... 41-44

St. Clair..................................... 65

St. Clair County............................. 47

St. Helena Island................... ; ....... 59

St. Ignace quadrangle....................... 68-69

St. Joseph................................... 53

St. Joseph County........................... 25

Salmon Trout................................ 46

Sand Beach..................-................ 60

Sands....................................... 60

Sanilac County.............................. 47

Saugatuck................................... 57

Sault Sto. Marie............................. 70,71

Sault Ste. Marie quadrangle................. 69-71

Schlesser.................................... 53

Schoolcraft...................

Schoolcraf t quadrangle.......

Sea level, mean, definition of.

Secondary elevations........................

Senecal......................................

Shelbyville..................................

Shiawassee County..........................

Sidnaw......................................

Sidnaw quadrangle..........................

South Fox Island quadrangle...............

South Haven quadrangle....................

South Manitou quadrangle..................

South Range................................

South Rockwood............................

South Saginaw..............................

Squaw Island................................

Sterlingville.................................

Stony Island................................

Sturgis......................................

Sturgis quadrangle..........................

Sunfield.....................................

Swan Creek.............................. 41

Swanton quadrangle........................

Page. 

34

34-35 

6 

11

74-75 

11 

37 

37 

10 

10

71

72 

71 

46 

72 

40 

72 

64 

72 

35.

35-36 

21,24 

,42,43 

14-15

T. 

Three Rivers ............................ 25,26,28

Toivola..................................... 9,10

Townsend, L. D., work of................... 15

Trenton..............................^...... 72,73

Trimountain................................ 46

Twin Lakes................................. 11

U.

United States Lake Survey, elevations by... 47-73 

V.

Vienna. 62

W.

Waldron.................................... 12,13

Wauseon quadrangle........................ 15

Wayland.................................... 36

Wayland quadrangle........................ 36-37

Wayne County.............................. 47

Wentworthl.........................:...... 17

West Saginaw............................... 41

Weston...................................... 12

Whiskey Island quadrangle................. 72

White Lake................................. 63

White Pigeon.............................. '. 30

Windmill Point............................. 59,60

Winona..................................... 11

Winona quadrangle......................... 10-11

Woodbury.................................. 22

Wyandotte.................................. 73

Wyandotte quadrangle...................... 72-73

Z.

Zilwaukee. 52

o